# 吝

File:U541df.svg :
| 吝 | U+541D, &#21533; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-541D |
| ← 吜 [U+541C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 吞 → [U+541E] |
| 吝 | U+F9ED, &#63981; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9ED |
| ← 溺 [U+F9EC] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 燐 → [U+F9EE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

吝 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜大口 (YKR), four-corner 0060$_4$, composition ⿱文口)

#### Derived characters

* 𠳺, 悋, 𢭹, 𣵰, 𤞼, 𰧄(⿰石吝), 𧋻, 𠞺, 𨁮, 𨦽, 𪊺, 𠓬, 𠡧, 𡘯, 𣁔, 𡂯, 𡫫, 𤶾, 麐

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3327
* Dae Jaweon: page 394, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 594, character 4
* Unihan data for U+541D
* Unihan data for U+F9ED

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 吝 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 麐 | *m·rin, *m·rins |
| 吝 | *m·rins |
| 悋 | *m·rins |

### Etymology

Compare Tibetan སྲི (sri, “to be thrifty”), Proto-Central-Chin *ren (“to economize; frugal”) (whence Mizo ren) (Geilich, 1994).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lìn (lin$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄣˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nin$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): leon$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lun$^5$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): nin$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ling$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): nēng
* Eastern Min (BUC): lêng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): līn / liām
    (Teochew, Peng'im): liang$^6$ / liêng$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lin
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lin$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lìn
*** Wade–Giles: lin$^4$
*** Yale: lìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: linn
*** Palladius: линь (linʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lin⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nin$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lin
*** Sinological IPA : /nin²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leon$^6$
*** Yale: leuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loen$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lên$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lun$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lun³²/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: nin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /nin⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ling$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /lĩŋ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nēng
*** Sinological IPA : /neiŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lêng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɛiŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn
*** Tâi-lô: līn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lin
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lin³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lin²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liām
*** Tâi-lô: liām
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liam
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liam⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /liam²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: liang$^6$ / liêng$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liăng / liĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /liaŋ³⁵/, /lieŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$lin
*** MiniDict: lin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$lin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lin²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lin⁴⁵/
* Middle Chinese: linH
Rime :
| Character | 吝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 良刃切 |
| Baxter | linH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liɪn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lin$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljen$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lin$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /liĕn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭĕn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /li̯ĕn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rə[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*m·rins/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 吝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lìn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lin$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə.rə[n]-s/ |
| English | stingy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8230 |
| Phonetic component | 吝 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遴 |
| Old Chinese | /*m·rins/ |
| Notes | 本文聲 |

### Definitions

吝
* stingy; miserly; parsimonious; niggardly
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ yuē: “Rú yǒu zhōugōng zhī cái zhī měi, shǐ jiāo qiě lìn, qíyú bùzú guān yě yǐ.” [Pinyin]
    The Master said, "Though a man have abilities as admirable as those of the duke of Zhou, yet if he be proud and niggardly, those other things are really not worth being looked at."
* (literary) to regret; to resent
    From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Jiǔ sān, xián qí gǔ, zhí qí suí, wǎng lìn. [Pinyin]
    The third NINE, undivided, shows one moving his thighs, and keeping close hold of those whom he follows. Going forward (in this way) will cause regret.
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吝嗇, 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 小摳兒, 小氣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 小摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吝嗇, 小摳, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吝嗇 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吝嗇 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 摳惜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 摳, 窮摳 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 摳, 老摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 摳, 不出息 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 摳, 摳門兒, 小氣 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 黑饞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 摳, 奸 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 摳, 摳搜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 奸, 拤古 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 拤古 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吝嗇, 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 老摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 摳, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 摳, 老鱉一 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 摳, 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吝嗇, 摳, 尖 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 嗇 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 摳 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吝嗇, 雀薄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 摳, 夾殼兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 夾摳, 夾殼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吝嗇, 摳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 尖鉤鉤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 嗇皮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吝嗇, 免頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 小氣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 小氣, 嗇掐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 摳 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 摳, 尿 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 摳, 小氣, 算小 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 小氣, 慳, 刻薄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微, 知慎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 耳屎, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 孤寒, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 孤寒, 小格 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 小氣, 慳嗇 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 孤寒, 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 慳濕, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 細氣 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 孤寒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嗇, 小氣 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 慳吝, 小氣 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 歪 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 孤寒, 蔑屑 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 小氣, 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 嗇 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 齧察 |
| Hakka | Changting | 癄 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 齧 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 歪, 齧察 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 精 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 小氣, 小相 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 小氣 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 精, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 齧察, 齧合澀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 硞, 虯, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 摳 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 小氣 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 小毛, 小氣, 小鬼 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 小氣, 吃小米 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳 |
| Jin | Datong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鬼祟, 小氣 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 摳 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 摳, 慳, 摳搜 |
| Jin | Linhe | 憋, 缺 |
| Jin | Jining | 摳 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 小氣 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 摳唆 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Handan | 小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 摳 |
| Jin | Suide | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嗇鄙, 小癖氣 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 小氣 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 嗇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣, 十絕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 枝釐 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 夾絲 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 孤霜, 㾀屎 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 凍霜, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 凍霜, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹, 汌, 貓潲 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 挾潲 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 澀鼻 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 鹹澀, 貓 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鹹澀, 細氣 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鹹澀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鹹澀 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 孤寒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 孤寒, 孽屎 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 小氣, 小相 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 小氣 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 吝嗇 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 小氣, 算小, 掐 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 小氣, 嗇 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 小氣 |
| Wu | Danyang | 嗇掐, 小氣 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小氣, 精馬, 精巴 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 小氣, 刮皮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 小氣, 貓, 吃不得 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 小相 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 小氣 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 吝嗇 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 小相 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 小氣 |

### Compounds

* 不吝 (bùlìn)
* 不吝指教 (bùlìnzhǐjiào)
* 不吝珠玉
* 不吝賜教／不吝赐教 (bùlìncìjiào)
* 不吝金玉
* 介吝
* 偏吝
* 儉吝／俭吝
* 出內之吝／出内之吝
* 出納之吝／出纳之吝
* 刻吝
* 占吝
* 吉凶悔吝
* 吝口
* 吝嗇／吝啬 (lìnsè)
* 吝嗇鬼／吝啬鬼 (lìnsèguǐ)
* 吝嫉
* 吝情
* 吝惜 (lìnxī)
* 吝愛／吝爱
* 吝慳／吝悭
* 吝毛
* 吝簡／吝简
* 吝細／吝细
* 吝色
* 吝道
* 吝選／吝选
* 吝顧／吝顾
* 吝驕／吝骄
* 咎吝
* 嗇吝／啬吝
* 困吝
* 執吝／执吝
* 大吝
* 小吝
* 悔吝
* 惜吝
* 愛吝／爱吝
* 慊吝
* 慚吝／惭吝
* 慳吝／悭吝 (qiānlìn)
* 慳吝苦剋／悭吝苦克
* 改過不吝／改过不吝
* 時吝／时吝
* 榮吝／荣吝
* 狹吝／狭吝
* 玼吝
* 珍吝
* 疵吝
* 矜吝
* 祕吝／秘吝
* 節吝／节吝
* 粉吝紅慳／粉吝红悭
* 系吝
* 繁言吝嗇／繁言吝啬
* 纖吝／纤吝
* 褊吝
* 貞吝／贞吝
* 貪吝／贪吝 (tānlìn)
* 足吝
* 遺吝／遗吝
* 鄙吝 (bǐlìn)
* 障吝
* 靳吝
* 驕吝／骄吝
* 黏吝繳繞／黏吝缴绕

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* miserly
* stingy
* sparing

#### Readings

* Go-on: りん (rin)
* Kan-on: りん (rin)
* Kun: おしむ (oshimu, 吝しむ)、しわい (shiwai, 吝い)、やぶさか (yabusaka, 吝か)

#### Compounds

* 吝(りん)嗇(しょく) (rinshoku)

## Korean
### Hanja

吝 (eum 린 (rin))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

吝: Hán Nôm readings: lận
* delude
* (usually in compounds) fruitless, as in lận đận
* (as an intensifier) overwhelmingly

## Zhuang
### Adjective

吝
* Sawndip form of ningq (“small; young (as a child)”)