# 墜落
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhuìluò
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi$^6$ lok$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhui-lo̍k
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tūi-lo̍h / tūi-lo̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dui$^6$ loh$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuìluò
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuèiluò
*** Wade–Giles: chui$^4$-lo$^4$
*** Yale: jwèi-lwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jueyluoh
*** Palladius: чжуйло (čžujlo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeoi$^6$ lok$^6$
*** Yale: jeuih lohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey$^6$ lok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêu$^6$ log$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵy̯²² lɔːk̚²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$墜落／坠落 聚落
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhui-lo̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: cui log
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cui$^4$ log$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu̯i⁵⁵ lok̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tūi-lo̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tuī-lo̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: duixloih
*** IPA (Taipei): /tui³³⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tui³³⁻²¹ lɤʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tui⁴¹⁻²² loʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tui²²⁻²¹ loʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tui²²⁻²¹ loʔ¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tūi-lo̍k
*** Tâi-lô: tuī-lo̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: duixlok
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tui²²⁻²¹ lɔk̚¹²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dui$^6$ loh$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tŭi lo̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /tui³⁵⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/

### Verb

墜落
* to fall (from the sky); to crash; to drop
    當心墜落。／当心坠落。 ― Dāngxīn zhuìluò. ― Danger — be careful near the edge.

#### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with 墮落／堕落 (duòluò).

#### Synonyms

* 跌 (diē)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 墜 | 落 |
| つい Grade: S | らく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ついらく [tsùírákú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨiɾa̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

墜(つい)落(らく) • (tsuiraku)
* crashing, falling

### Verb

墜(つい)落(らく)する • (tsuiraku suru) intransitive suru (stem 墜(つい)落(らく)し (tsuiraku shi), past 墜(つい)落(らく)した (tsuiraku shita))
* crash, fall
    空港近(くうこうちか)くの山中(さんちゅう)で墜落(ついらく)している
       kūkō chikaku no sanchū de tsuiraku shite iru
       They have crashed in the mountains near the airport.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 墜落し | ついらくし | tsuiraku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 墜落し | ついらくし | tsuiraku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 墜落する | ついらくする | tsuiraku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 墜落する | ついらくする | tsuiraku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 墜落すれ | ついらくすれ | tsuiraku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 墜落せよ¹ 墜落しろ² | ついらくせよ¹ ついらくしろ² | tsuiraku seyo¹ tsuiraku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 墜落される | ついらくされる | tsuiraku sareru |
| Causative | 墜落させる 墜落さす | ついらくさせる ついらくさす | tsuiraku saseru tsuiraku sasu |
| Potential | 墜落できる | ついらくできる | tsuiraku dekiru |
| Volitional | 墜落しよう | ついらくしよう | tsuiraku shiyō |
| Negative | 墜落しない | ついらくしない | tsuiraku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 墜落せず | ついらくせず | tsuiraku sezu |
| Formal | 墜落します | ついらくします | tsuiraku shimasu |
| Perfective | 墜落した | ついらくした | tsuiraku shita |
| Conjunctive | 墜落して | ついらくして | tsuiraku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 墜落すれば | ついらくすれば | tsuiraku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 墜 | 落 |

### Noun

墜落 • (churak) (hangeul 추락)
* hanja form of 추락 (“fall”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 墜 | 落 |

### Adjective

墜落
* chữ Hán form of truỵ lạc (“depraved; perverted; debauched”).