OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 闊人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuòrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄖㄣˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuòrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuòrén
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuo$^4$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: kwò-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuohren
*** Palladius: кожэнь (kožɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

### Noun

闊人
* the rich; the wealthy; the well-to-do

#### Synonyms

* 有錢人／有钱人 (yǒuqiánrén)
# 眼睁睁
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 眼睁睁 – see 眼睜睜 (“looking on helplessly or unfeelingly”). (This term is the simplified form of 眼睜睜).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 礼多人不怪
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 礼多人不怪 – see 禮多人不怪 (“nobody will find fault with extra courtesy; courtesy costs nothing; you won't be blamed for being too polite”). (This term is the simplified form of 禮多人不怪).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 真濟
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chin-chōe / chin-chē
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chōe
*** Tâi-lô: tsin-tsuē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cinzoe
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sue³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sin³³ t͡sue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sue²²/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chē
*** Tâi-lô: tsin-tsē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cinze
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²²/

### Adjective

真濟
* (Southern Min) many; a lot

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 許多, 甚多 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老些, 老些個 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 很多, 好多, 滿多, 許多 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 好多 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 好多 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 好多 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 當多, 已多 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 蓋多 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 當多, 盡多, 已多 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 當多, 已多 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 當多, 盡多, 已多 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 真多, 足多 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 野濟 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 真濟, 野濟, 誠濟, 有夠濟 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 真濟, 野濟, 誠濟, 有夠濟 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 盡濟, 蓋濟, 足濟, 有夠濟 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 真濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 真濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 有夠濟, 足濟, 真濟, 誠濟, 蓋濟 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 有夠濟, 足濟, 誠濟, 盡濟 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 真濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 誠濟, 蓋濟, 足濟 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 有夠濟, 足濟, 真濟, 誠濟, 蓋濟 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 真濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 足濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 真濟, 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 誠濟 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 野濟, 真濟 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 好濟 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 老多, 交關, 交關多, 造反, 行情, 介許多 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 造反 |
# 電匯欺詐
## Chinese

| | | to remit by telegram; telegraphic transfer | to deceive; to cheat |
| trad. (電匯欺詐) | trad. (電匯欺詐) | 電匯 | 欺詐 |
| simp. (电汇欺诈) | simp. (电汇欺诈) | 电汇 | 欺诈 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diànhuì qīzhà
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄑㄧ ㄓㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): din$^6$ wui$^6$ hei$^1$ zaa$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diànhuì qīzhà
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄑㄧ ㄓㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: diànhuèi cijhà
*** Wade–Giles: tien$^4$-hui$^4$ chʻi$^1$-cha$^4$
*** Yale: dyàn-hwèi chī-jà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diannhuey chijah
*** Palladius: дяньхуэй цичжа (djanʹxuej cičža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: din$^6$ wui$^6$ hei$^1$ zaa$^3$
*** Yale: dihn wuih hēi ja
*** Cantonese Pinyin: din$^6$ wui$^6$ hei$^1$ dzaa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: din$^6$ wui$^6$ héi$^1$ za$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tiːn²² wuːi̯²² hei̯⁵⁵ t͡saː³³/

### Noun

電匯欺詐
* (criminal law) wire fraud (offence in United States Federal law)
** 2022 November 10, Voice of America (Chinese), 司法部：三人因非法對華出口受控數據和欺詐被捕 (Dept. of Justice: 3 Arrested for Illegal Export of Controlled Data to China and Fraud)‎:
       gēnjù fǎtíng wénjiàn, láizì yìndì'ānnà zhōu fúluòyīdé nuòbùsī 60 suì de fēi'ěr pàsīkē hé 45 suì de mònīkǎ pàsīkē; láizì kěntǎjī zhōu qiáozhìdūn 59 suì de sīkētè tǎbùsī děng sānmíng gèrén, yǐjí Kuàjùn cíxìng yǒuxiànzérèngōngsī bèi zhǐkòng fàn yǒu diànhuìqīzhà, wéifǎn “wǔqì chūkǒu guǎnzhì fǎ” hé zǒusī huòwù zuì...... [Pinyin]
       According to court documents, Phil Pascoe (60) and Monica Pascoe (45) from Floyds Knobs, Indiana, Scott Tubbs (59) from Georgetown, Kentucky, and Quadrant Magnetics LLC are indicted for wire fraud, violation of Arms Export Control Act and smuggling.
** 2023 March 16, HK01, 美國拘捕流亡富商郭文貴　涉嫌欺詐及洗黑錢 (US Arrests Exiled Billionaire Guo Wengui for Suspected Fraud and Money Laundering)‎:
       Měiguó sīfǎ bù 3yuè 15 rì biǎoshì, liúwáng měiguó de zhōngguó fùshāng Guōwénguì yīn shèxián diànhuìqīzhà, zhèngquàn qīzhà, yínxíng qīzhà jí xǐhēiqián děng 12 xiàng zuìmíng, yú tóngrì shàngwǔ zài niǔyuē bèibǔ. [Pinyin]
       The United States Department of Justice said on 15 March [2023] that Chinese billionaire businessman Guo Wengui was arrested on the same day's morning in New York for wire fraud, securities fraud, bank fraud and money laundering.
# 電吉他手
## Chinese

| | | electric guitar | hand; convenient; ‑er |
| trad. (電吉他手) | trad. (電吉他手) | 電吉他 | 手 |
| simp. (电吉他手) | simp. (电吉他手) | 电吉他 | 手 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diànjítāshǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄚ ㄕㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diànjítāshǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄚ ㄕㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: diànjítashǒu
*** Wade–Giles: tien$^4$-chi$^2$-tʻa$^1$-shou$^3$
*** Yale: dyàn-jí-tā-shǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diannjyitashoou
*** Palladius: дяньцзиташоу (djanʹczitašou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰä⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

電吉他手
* electric guitarist
# 電吹
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tiān-chher / tiān-chhe / tiān-chhoe
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiān-chher
*** Tâi-lô: tiān-tsher
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰə³³/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiān-chhe
*** Tâi-lô: tiān-tshe
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diexnzhef
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiān-chhoe
*** Tâi-lô: tiān-tshue
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diexnzhoef
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɛn³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰue⁴⁴/

### Noun

電吹
* (Southern Min) hairdryer

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吹風機 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吹風機, 電吹風 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吹風機 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吹風筒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吹風筒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 風筒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 風筒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 風筒 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 吹風機 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 吹風機 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 吹風機 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 吹風機 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 吹風機 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 吹風機 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 電吹 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 電吹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 電吹 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 風筒 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吹風機, 電吹風 |
# 石破天惊
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 石破天惊 – see 石破天驚 (“world-shaking; sensational”). (This term is the simplified form of 石破天驚).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 目定口呆
## Chinese

| | | eye; item; sectioneye; item; section; list; catalogue; table of contents; (taxonomy) order; goal; name; title | to set; to fix; to determineto set; to fix; to determine; to decide; to stabilize; to order | mouth; (a measure word, for people, livestock or utensils) | foolish; stupid; no expressionfoolish; stupid; no expression; stay |
| trad. (目定口呆) | trad. (目定口呆) | 目 | 定 | 口 | 呆 |
| simp. $^#$(目定口呆) | simp. $^#$(目定口呆) | 目 | 定 | 口 | 呆 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mùdìngkǒudāi
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄎㄡˇ ㄉㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): muk$^6$ ding$^6$ hau$^2$ ngoi$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mùdìngkǒudāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄎㄡˇ ㄉㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mùdìngkǒudai
*** Wade–Giles: mu$^4$-ting$^4$-kʻou$^3$-tai$^1$
*** Yale: mù-dìng-kǒu-dāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muhdinqkooudai
*** Palladius: мудинкоудай (mudinkoudaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: muk$^6$ ding$^6$ hau$^2$ ngoi$^4$
*** Yale: muhk dihng háu ngòih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: muk$^9$ ding$^6$ hau$^2$ ngoi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mug$^6$ ding$^6$ heo$^2$ ngoi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊk̚² tɪŋ²² hɐu̯³⁵ ŋɔːi̯²¹/

### Idiom

目定口呆
* Synonym of 目瞪口呆 (mùdèngkǒudāi, “to be stupefied; to be dumbfounded”)
    From: 1910, 吳趼人 [Wu Jianren], 《二十年目睹之怪現狀》 [Bizarre Happenings Eyewitnessed over Two Decades], chapter 93
    Bófēn tīng le, bùjiào mùdìngkǒudāi, zhàng hóng le liǎn, huídá bù shànglái, zhǐhǎo dāshàn zhe zǒu le. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
# 目差し
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 目 | 差 |
| め Grade: 1 | さ > ざ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 目差し – see the following entry. :
| 【目指めざし】 | [noun] look of the eyes when looking at something; gaze, glance, stare, eye expression [verb] stem or continuative form of 目指す (mezasu) [godan] Alternative spellings 目指, 目差, 目ざし |
(This term, 目差し, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 陽王子
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 陽 | 王 | 子 |
| ひ Grade: 3 | み Grade: 1 | こ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | nanori | kun'yomi |

### Proper noun

陽(ひ)王(み)子(こ) • (Himiko)
* a female given name
# 陽画
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 陽 | 画 |
| よう Grade: 3 | が Grade: 2 |
| goon ||
* Alternative spelling
* 陽畫 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

陽 (“yang; positive”) +‎ 画 (“picture”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よーが [yòógá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞ːɡa̠]

### Noun

陽(よう)画(が) • (yōga)
* (photography) a positive
    Synonym: ポジ
    Antonym: 陰画

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 眞武山
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 眞武山 – see 真武山 (“Zhenwushan”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 真武山).
# 禍端
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huòduān
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄉㄨㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wo$^6$ dyun$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fo-tôn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hō-toan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huòduān
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄉㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huòduan
*** Wade–Giles: huo$^4$-tuan$^1$
*** Yale: hwò-dwān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huohduan
*** Palladius: ходуань (xoduanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɔ⁵¹ tu̯än⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wo$^6$ dyun$^1$
*** Yale: woh dyūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wo$^6$ dyn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wo$^6$ dün$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔː²² tyːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fo-tôn
*** Hakka Romanization System: fo don$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fo$^4$ don$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fo⁵⁵ ton²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō-toan
*** Tâi-lô: hō-tuan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoixdoafn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ho²²⁻²¹ tuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ho⁴¹⁻²² tuan³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho²²⁻²¹ tuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho³³⁻¹¹ tuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ³³⁻²¹ tuan⁴⁴/

### Noun

禍端
* (literary) the root or beginning of a trouble or disaster
# 私议
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 私议 – see 私議 (“to privately discuss a matter with someone”). (This term is the simplified form of 私議).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 私讎
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sīchóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄙ ㄔㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^1$ sau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sīchóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄙ ㄔㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sihchóu
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^1$-chʻou$^2$
*** Yale: sz̄-chóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sychour
*** Palladius: сычоу (syčou)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$私仇 私讎／私雠 絲綢／丝绸
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^1$ sau$^4$
*** Yale: sī sàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^1$ sau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^1$ seo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː⁵⁵ sɐu̯²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$私仇 私讎／私雠
* Middle Chinese: sij dzyuw
Rime :
| Character | 私 | 讎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 息夷切 | 市流切 |
| Baxter | sij | dzyuw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siɪ/ | /d͡ʑɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /si/ | /d͡ʑiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjɪ/ | /d͡ʑiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /si/ | /d͡ʑuw/ |
| Li Rong | /si/ | /ʑiu/ |
| Wang Li | /si/ | /ʑĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /si/ | /ʑi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sī | chóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^1$ | sau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]əj [d]u/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sil ɡju/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 私 | 讎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sī | chóu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sij › | ‹ dzyuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]əj/ | /*[d]u/ |
| English | private | pay back; enemy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 私 | 讎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11949 | 1515 |
| Phonetic component | 厶 | 雔 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 私 | 讎 |
| Old Chinese | /*sil/ | /*ɡju/ |

### Noun

私讎
* (archaic) personal grudge

#### Synonyms

* 私仇 (sīchóu)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 私(し)讐(しゅう) (shishū)
* → Korean: 사수(私讐) (sasu)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 私 | 讎 |
| し Grade: 6 | しゅう Hyōgai |
| kan'on ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 私讎 – see the following entry. :
| 【私讐ししゅう】 | [noun] personal grudge |
(This term, 私讎, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 私讳
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 私讳 – see 私諱 (“the Chinese naming taboo against writing the name of one's ancestor”). (This term is the simplified form of 私諱).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 私设
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 私设 – see 私設 (“to establish without authorization; private”). (This term is the simplified form of 私設).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 騜

| 騜 | U+9A1C, &#39452; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A1C |
| ← 騛 [U+9A1B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 騝 → [U+9A1D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

騜 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+9, 19 strokes, cangjie input 尸火竹日土 (SFHAG), four-corner 7631$_4$, composition ⿰馬皇)

#### Derived characters

* 𧕸

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1441, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44857
* Dae Jaweon: page 1965, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4565, character 19
* Unihan data for U+9A1C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 皇 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 惶 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 遑 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 堭 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 煌 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 餭 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 騜 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 艎 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 隍 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 湟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 徨 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 篁 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 蝗 | *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs |
| 凰 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 偟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 媓 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 韹 | *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 葟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 皝 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 汪 | *qʷaːŋ, *qʷaːŋs, *qʷaŋʔ |
| 尪 | *qʷaːŋ |
| 迋 | *kʷaŋʔ, *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs |
| 逛 | *kʷaŋʔ |
| 誑 | *kʷaŋs, *ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs |
| 匡 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 筐 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 框 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 眶 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 誆 | *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs |
| 邼 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 恇 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 劻 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 洭 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 軭 | *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ |
| 狂 | *ɡʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs |
| 軖 | *ɡʷaŋ |
| 鵟 | *ɡʷaŋ |
| 俇 | *ɡʷaŋʔ |
| 王 | *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs |
| 蚟 | *ɢʷaŋ |
| 彺 | *ɢʷaŋ |
| 旺 | *ɢʷaŋs |
| 諻 | *qʰʷraːŋ |
| 喤 | *qʰʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 瑝 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 鍠 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 揘 | *ɡʷaŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huáng (huang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wong$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huáng
*** Wade–Giles: huang$^2$
*** Yale: hwáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwang
*** Palladius: хуан (xuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wong$^4$
*** Yale: wòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔːŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: hwang
Rime :
| Character | 騜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡光切 |
| Baxter | hwang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦwɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣwɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huáng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wong$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 騜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12702 |
| Phonetic component | 王 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 黃 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷaːŋ/ |
| Notes | 見爾雅 |

### Definitions

騜
* yellow-white horse
* (humorous) Ma Ying-jeou
# 碵

| 碵 | U+78B5, &#30901; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78B5 |
| ← 碴 [U+78B4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 碶 → [U+78B6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

碵 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜月金 (MRYBC), composition ⿰石貞)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 833, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 4, page 2442, character 13
* Unihan data for U+78B5

## Japanese

* A user has added this entry to requests for verification
* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* cornerstone, large, great, eminent; (appears to be a corruption of 礎, "cornerstone")

#### Readings

* Kun: いしずえ (ishizue)、せき (seki)
# 碴口
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chákǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˊ ㄎㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chákǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ ㄎㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chákǒu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻa$^2$-kʻou$^3$
*** Yale: chá-kǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charkoou
*** Palladius: чакоу (čakou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

碴口
* cut (where an object has been damaged or broken); break
# 碸

| 碸 | U+78B8, &#30904; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78B8 |
| ← 碷 [U+78B7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 碹 → [U+78B9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

碸 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹弓戈 (MRHNI) or 難一口竹弓 (XMRHN), composition ⿰石風)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 833, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2444, character 15
* Unihan data for U+78B8

## Chinese

* 碸

### Etymology

Borrowed from English sulfone.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēng (feng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fung$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hong
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fong
*** Wade–Giles: fêng$^1$
*** Yale: fēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
*** Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fung$^1$
*** Yale: fūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong
*** Tâi-lô: hong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hofng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³/

### Definitions

碸
* (organic chemistry) sulfone

#### Compounds

* 亞碸／亚砜 (yàfēng)
# 碥

| 碥 | U+78A5, &#30885; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78A5 |
| ← 碤 [U+78A4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 碦 → [U+78A6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

碥 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹尸月 (MRHSB) or 一口戈尸月 (MRISB), four-corner 1262$_7$, composition ⿰石扁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 833, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24330
* Dae Jaweon: page 1249, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2445, character 13
* Unihan data for U+78A5

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biǎn (bian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bin$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pián
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biǎn
*** Wade–Giles: pien$^3$
*** Yale: byǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bean
*** Palladius: бянь (bjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bin$^2$
*** Yale: bín
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bin$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pián
*** Tâi-lô: pián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piern
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piɛn⁵⁵⁴/

### Definitions

碥
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 骑楼底
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 骑楼底 – see 騎樓底 (“roofed pedestrian walkway under a qilou”). (This term is the simplified form of 騎樓底).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 階下囚
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiēxiàqiú
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai$^1$ haa$^6$ cau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiēxiàqiú
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiesiàcióu
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^1$-hsia$^4$-chʻiu$^2$
*** Yale: jyē-syà-chyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieshiahchyou
*** Palladius: цзесяцю (czesjacju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaai$^1$ haa$^6$ cau$^4$
*** Yale: gāai hah chàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaai$^1$ haa$^6$ tsau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gai$^1$ ha$^6$ ceo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːi̯⁵⁵ haː²² t͡sʰɐu̯²¹/

### Noun

階下囚
* prisoner
# 社长
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 社长 – see 社長 (“president, director”). (This term is the simplified form of 社長).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.