# 悄悄
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiāoqiāo, qiǎoqiǎo
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠ ㄑㄧㄠ, ㄑㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu$^2$ ciu$^2$ / ciu$^5$ ciu$^5$ / ciu$^3$ ciu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiāoqiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ ㄑㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciaociao
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^1$-chʻiao$^1$
*** Yale: chyāu-chyāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiauchiau
*** Palladius: цяоцяо (cjaocjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$悄悄 敲敲
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiāoqiāor
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ ㄑㄧㄠㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciaociaor
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^1$-chʻiao$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chyāu-chyāur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiauchiaul
*** Palladius: цяоцяор (cjaocjaor)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiǎoqiǎo [Phonetic: qiáoqiǎo]
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎociǎo
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^3$-chʻiao$^3$
*** Yale: chyǎu-chyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheaucheau
*** Palladius: цяоцяо (cjaocjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ciu$^2$ ciu$^2$ / ciu$^5$ ciu$^5$ / ciu$^3$ ciu$^3$
*** Yale: chíu chíu / chíuh chíuh / chiu chiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu$^2$ tsiu$^2$ / tsiu$^5$ tsiu$^5$ / tsiu$^3$ tsiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qiu$^2$ qiu$^2$ / qiu$^5$ qiu$^5$ / qiu$^3$ qiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵/, /t͡sʰiːu̯¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯¹³/, /t͡sʰiːu̯³³ t͡sʰiːu̯³³/

### Adjective

悄悄
* quiet; silent
       Yī xiǎo qún rén zhàn zài ménkǒu, qiāoqiāo de jiāotánzhe. [Pinyin]
       A small group of people stand about by the gate, talking quietly.
    From: 《石州集/석주집》, 1631
    Chocho wol chim yu, soso pung jin ga. Gwansim sip nyeon sa, jwa su bak deung a. [Sino-Korean]
    The silent moonlight seeps through the window, The desolate wind tilts at the branches. My mind entangled in the past ten years, I sit and count the moths hitting the lamp.
* (literary) distressed; sorrowful

#### Synonyms

* (quiet):
* 和平 (hépíng)
* 嗼寂 (mòjì)
* 安恬 (āntián) (literary)
* 安生 (ānshēng)
* 安謐／安谧 (ānmì) (literary)
* 安靖 (ānjìng) (literary)
* 安靜／安静 (ānjìng)
* 寂寥 (jìliáo)
* 寂寞 (jìmò)
* 寂然 (jìrán) (literary)
* 寂靜／寂静 (jìjìng)
* 寧靜／宁静 (níngjìng)
* 平和
* 平靜／平静 (píngjìng)
* 幽靜／幽静 (yōujìng)
* 恬 (Hakka, literary or Min Nan)
* 恬倓 (tiántán)
* 恬淡 (tiándàn)
* 恬謐／恬谧 (tiánmì) (literary)
* 恬靜／恬静 (tiánjìng)
* 沉寂 (chénjì)
* 沉靜／沉静 (chénjìng)
* 清淨／清净 (qīngjìng)
* 清靜／清静 (qīngjìng)
* 自靜／自静 (zi$^3$ jing$^2$) (Jin)
* 靜寂／静寂 (jìngjì)
* 靜寂寂／静寂寂 (Hokkien)
* 靜悄悄／静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)
* 靜生生／静生生 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

#### Derived terms

* 悄悄話／悄悄话 (qiāoqiāohuà)
* 靜悄悄／静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)

### Adverb

悄悄
* in secret; stealthily; without allowing others to notice
       Zuìzhōng xiéyì de tánpàn zhèngzài qiāoqiāo jìnxíng. [Pinyin]
       Negotiations on the final agreement are progressing in secret.
       Háizǐmen qiāoqiāo rēngdiào ròuchuàn shàng de yángcōng. [Pinyin]
       The children secretly threw away the rings of raw onions in their kebabs.
    From: 1928, 徐志摩 (Xu Zhimo), 《再別康橋》 (“Taking Leave of Cambridge Again”)
    qiāoqiāo de wǒ zǒu le, zhèngrú wǒ qiāoqiāo de lái [Pinyin]
    Quietly I am leaving, / Just as quietly as I came

#### Synonyms

* (stealthily): 暗暗 (àn'àn), 靜悄悄／静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo), 偷偷 (tōutōu)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 悄 | 悄 |
| しょう Hyōgai | しょう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーしょー [shòóshóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːɕo̞ː]

#### Adjective

悄(しょう)悄(しょう) • (shōshō) $^†$-tari (adnominal 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)とした (shōshō to shita) or 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)たる (shōshō taru), adverbial 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)と (shōshō to) or 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)として (shōshō to shite))
* spiritless, not energetic
* quiet, tranquil

##### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 悄悄たら | しょうしょうたら | syousyoutara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 悄悄と$^{[1]}$ 悄悄たり$^{[2]}$ | しょうしょうと しょうしょうたり | syousyouto syousyoutari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 悄悄たり | しょうしょうたり | syousyoutari |
| Attributive (連体形) | 悄悄たる | しょうしょうたる | syousyoutaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 悄悄たれ | しょうしょうたれ | syousyoutare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 悄悄たれ | しょうしょうたれ | syousyoutare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 悄悄たらず | しょうしょうたらず | syousyoutarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 悄悄たれど | しょうしょうたれど | syousyoutaredo |
| Causal conjunction | 悄悄たれば | しょうしょうたれば | syousyoutareba |
| Conditional conjunction | 悄悄たらば | しょうしょうたらば | syousyoutaraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 悄悄たりき | しょうしょうたりき | syousyoutariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 悄悄たりけり | しょうしょうたりけり | syousyoutarikeri |
| Adverbial | 悄悄と | しょうしょうと | syousyouto |
| $^{[1]}$Without auxiliary verb. $^{[2]}$With auxiliary verb. ||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 悄 | 悄 |
| すご Hyōgai | すご Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 悄悄 – see the following entry. :
| 【すごすご】 | [adverb] dejectedly |
(This term, 悄悄, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN