# 犬子
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): quǎnzǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄗˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun$^2$ zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quǎnzǐ [Phonetic: quánzǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuǎnzǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüan$^3$-tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: chywǎn-dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheuantzyy
*** Palladius: цюаньцзы (cjuanʹczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hyun$^2$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: hyún jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hyn$^2$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hün$^2$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyːn³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: khwenX tsiX
Rime :
| Character | 犬 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (86) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 苦泫切 | 即里切 |
| Baxter | khwenX | tsiX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰwen$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰʷen$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰuɛn$^X$/ | /t͡sie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰwɛn$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰuen$^X$/ | /t͡siə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰiwen$^X$/ | /t͡sĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰiwen$^X$/ | /t͡si$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | quǎn | zǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hyun$^2$ | zi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷʰˤ[e][n]ʔ tsəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷeːnʔ ʔslɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 犬 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | quǎn | zǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khwen$^X$ › | ‹ tsi$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʷʰˁ[e][n]ʔ/ | /*tsəʔ/ |
| English | dog | child; gentleman, master |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犬 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10736 | 17857 |
| Phonetic component | 犬 | 子 |
| Rime group | 元 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 犬 | 子 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰʷeːnʔ/ | /*ʔslɯʔ/ |

### Noun

犬子
* (literary) young dog; puppy
* (literary, humble) my son

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 犬子, 小犬 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 小狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 小狗兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 小狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 小狗兒, 狗崽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 小狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 小狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 小狗兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 狗娃子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 狗娃子, 狗娃兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 尕狗娃兒, 狗娃兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 小巴狗兒, 巴狗兒, 小狗兒, 巴狗子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 狗娃子, 狗娃娃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 狗娃子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 奶狗兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 小狗子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 狗兒, 狗崽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 狗崽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 小狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 小狗子, 小狗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 狗仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 狗仔 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 狗仔 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 狗仔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 狗崽子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 狗崽兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 狗崽仔 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 細狗仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 尒狗子, 細狗子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 狗子, 細狗仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 狗子, 細狗仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 狗子, 細狗仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 狗子, 細狗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 狗子, 細狗仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 狗幺 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 細狗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 小狗狗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 犬囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 狗仔囝, 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 狗囝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 狗仔囝, 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 狗囝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 狗囝 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 狗囝 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 狗囝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 狗囝 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 細狗 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小狗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 小狗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 小狗子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小狗兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 小狗 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 狗兒, 狗童兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 小狗 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 狗崽子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 狗崽唧 |
* (my son): 豚兒／豚儿 (tún'ér), 豚犬 (túnquǎn), 小犬 (xiǎoquǎn), 豚兒犬子／豚儿犬子

#### Derived terms

* 虎父無犬子／虎父无犬子 (hǔfù wú quǎnzǐ)
* 豚兒犬子／豚儿犬子

### Proper noun

犬子
* another name of Sima Xiangru