# 聖人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shèngrén
       (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-I) / шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-0)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^3$ jan$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): seng$^3$ reng$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): séng-ìng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sèng-jîn / sèng-lîn
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sen-zen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shèngrén → shèngren (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ → ㄕㄥˋ ˙ㄖㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shèngre̊n
*** Wade–Giles: shêng$^4$-jên$^5$
*** Yale: shèng-ren
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenq.ren
*** Palladius: шэнжэнь (šɛnžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/ → /ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʐən¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-I) / шынжын (šɨnřɨn, III-0)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂəŋ⁴⁴ ʐəŋ²⁴/, /ʂəŋ⁴⁴ ʐəŋ⁰/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: sing yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^3$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ³³ jɐn²¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: seng$^3$ reng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /sə̃ŋ⁴⁵ ʐə̃ŋ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: séng-ìng
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋiŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-jîn
*** Tâi-lô: sìng-jîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seangjiin
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zin¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zin²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-lîn
*** Tâi-lô: sìng-lîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seangliin
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lin²⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$sen-zen
*** MiniDict: sen$^去$ zen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$sen-zen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən³³ zən⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: syengH nyin
Rime :
| Character | 聖 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 式正切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | syengH | nyin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇŋ$^H$/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛŋ$^H$/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiæŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiajŋ$^H$/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛŋ$^H$/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shèng | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sing$^3$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥eŋ-s ni[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljeŋs njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 聖 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shèng | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syeng$^H$ › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥eŋ-s/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ |
| English | sage (n.) | (other) person |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 聖 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11391 | 10800 |
| Phonetic component | 聖 | 人 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 聖 | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljeŋs/ | /*njin/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象人張耳對口會耳聰意， 非呈聲 | |

#### Noun

聖人
* sage; wise man
* (Christianity) saint
* (archaic) the Emperor
* (Buddhism) enlightened individual; Buddha; bodhisattva

##### Synonyms

* (sage): 至人 (zhìrén)
* (saint): (Dungan) олия (olii͡a)

##### Derived terms

* 主保聖人／主保圣人 (zhǔbǎo shèngrén)
* 伏地聖人／伏地圣人
* 假聖人／假圣人 (jiǎshèngrén)
* 聖人也有三分錯／圣人也有三分错
* 聖人諱／圣人讳 (shèngrénhuì)

#### Proper noun

聖人
* (honorific) Alternative name for 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ, “Confucius”).

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 聖(しょう)人(にん) (shōnin); 聖(せい)人(じん) (seijin)
* → Korean: 성인(聖人) (seong'in)
* → Vietnamese: thánh nhân (聖人)

#### See also

* 亞聖／亚圣 (yàshèng)

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siàⁿ-lâng
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàⁿ-lâng
*** Tâi-lô: siànn-lâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sviarlaang
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siã²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siã²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siã¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siã²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/

#### Noun

聖人
* (Southern Min, euphemistic) dead person
    做聖人／做圣人 [Hokkien] ― chò sèng-jîn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to die

##### Synonyms

* 亡人 (wángrén) (literary)
* 亡者 (wángzhě) (literary)
* 往生者 (wǎngshēngzhě) (Buddhism, euphemism)
* 故人 (gùrén) (literary)
* 死人 (sǐrén)
* 死者 (sǐzhě)
* 瓜碼子／瓜码子 (gua$^1$ ma$^3$ zr) (Xiang)
* 逝者 (shìzhě) (literary)

## Japanese

* A user suggests that this Japanese entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Different readings should be split out into their own etym sections.”
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 聖 | 人 |
| せい Grade: 6 | じん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
Kanji in this term :
| 聖 | 人 |
| しょう Grade: 6 | にん Grade: 1 |
| goon ||
From 聖 (shō, sei, “holy; sacred”) +‎ 人 (nin, jin, “person”), from Chinese 聖人／圣人 (shèngrén).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーにん [shóꜜònìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːɲ̟ĩɴ]
* (Tokyo) せーじん [sèéjíń] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) せーじん [séꜜèjìǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [se̞ːʑĩɴ]

#### Noun

聖(しょう)人(にん) • (shōnin)
* (Buddhism) a term used to refer to Buddha or a bodhisattva
* (Buddhism) an enlightened Buddhist
(alternative reading hiragana せいじん, rōmaji seijin)
* a sage; a wise man
* a saint; a holy man
** 2008 July 16 [2008 January 23], Hikaru Nakamura, “その３　もうひとつの楽園(パラダイス) [Chapter 3: Just Another Paradise]”, in 聖(セイント)☆おにいさん [Saint☆Young Men], 6th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha:お客様 成人男性２名ですと８千円ですが…… あ じゃあ その—— 聖人男性２枚で……O-kyaku-sama seijin dansei ni-mei desu to hachisen-en desu ga…… A jā sono—— Seijin dansei ni-mai de……It would be 8,000 yen for 2 adult men(seijin), sirs…… Oh, in that case—— We’d like 2 holy man(seijin) tickets, please……

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 聖 | 人 |
| まさ Grade: 6 | と Grade: 1 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Proper noun

聖(まさ)人(と) • (Masato)
* a male given name

### References

* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 聖 | 人 |

### Noun

聖人 • (seong'in) (hangeul 성인)
* hanja form of 성인 (“saint; holy man”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 聖 | 人 |

### Noun

聖人
* chữ Hán form of thánh nhân (“sage”).