# ـم
## Bulgar
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Ottoman Turkish ما (ma), مه (me).

#### Suffix

ـمَ (-ma, -me)
* Suffix creating emphasis, reduplication.

##### Derived terms

* طَنْطُرْمَ (tanturma)

### Etymology 2
#### Suffix

ـمْ (-m)
* Suffix equipping ordinal numbers.

##### Derived terms

* برم (birim)
* وجم (weçim)
* تواتم (tüwetim)
* بلم (belim)
* وانم (wânım), ونم (wanım)

### References

* Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN

## Persian
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (-om).

### Suffix

| Dari | ـم |
| Iranian Persian | ـم |
| Tajik | -ум |
ـُم • (-om)
* -th; creates ordinal numbers
    پنجم ― panj-om ― fifth
    بیست و یکم ― bist-o yek-om ― twenty-first
* -th; creates fractions
    یک ششم میوه ― yek šeš-om-e mive ― a sixth of the fruit

#### Usage notes

An ordinal number formed by the suffix ـم (-om) behaves syntactically as a regular adjective, unlike the cardinals, and takes the ezâfe.
    بیست قرن ― bist qarn ― twenty centuries
    قرن بیستم ― qarn-e bistom ― twentieth century
Persian has two ways to form the ordinals: ـم (-om), and the related ـمین (-omin). The -om forms have a stronger connotation of labeling, while the -omin forms have a stronger connotation of counting according to a certain criterion. The -omin forms also precede the attributed noun without the ezâfe.
    خانه سوم خیابان ― xâne-ye sevvom-e xiyâbân ― third house on the street [out of all houses]
    سومین خانه سیاه خیابان ― sevvomin xâne-ye siyâh-e xiyâbân ― the third black house on the street
For "first" in isolation (but not in compounds), یکم (yekom) is much less common than the Arabic-borrowed اول (avval).

## Uyghur
### Suffix

ـم • (-m)
* 1st person singular possessive suffix

#### Usage notes

* (instantaneous suffix) Harmonic variants:
    ـم (-m) is added to open syllable words
    ـىم (-im) is added to close syllable unrounded vowel words
    ـۇم (-um) is added to close syllable rounded back vowel words
    ـۈم (-üm) is added to close syllable rounded front vowel words
| | | | Open syllable | Open syllable | Closed syllable or Open syllable with accent interfixed with ـيـ (-y-) | Closed syllable or Open syllable with accent interfixed with ـيـ (-y-) | Closed syllable or Open syllable with accent interfixed with ـيـ (-y-) | Closed syllable or Open syllable with accent interfixed with ـيـ (-y-) |
| | | | Open syllable | Open syllable | Unrounded vowel | Unrounded vowel | Rounded vowel | Rounded vowel |
| | | | Back vowel | Front vowel | Back vowel | Front vowel | Back vowel | Front vowel |
| 1st person | singular (my) مېنىڭ (mëning) | singular (my) مېنىڭ (mëning) | ـم (-m) | ـم (-m) | ـىم (-im) | ـىم (-im) | ـۇم (-um) | ـۈم (-üm) |
| 1st person | plural (our) بىزنىڭ (bizning) | plural (our) بىزنىڭ (bizning) | ـمىز (-miz) | ـمىز (-miz) | ـىمىز (-imiz) | ـىمىز (-imiz) | ـىمىز (-imiz) | ـىمىز (-imiz) |
| 2nd person (your) | singular | ordinary سېنىڭ (sëning) | ـڭ (-ng) | ـڭ (-ng) | ـىڭ (-ing) | ـىڭ (-ing) | ـۇڭ (-ung) | ـۈڭ (-üng) |
| 2nd person (your) | singular | refined سىزنىڭ (sizning) | ـڭىز (-ngiz) | ـڭىز (-ngiz) | ـىڭىز (-i'ngiz) | ـىڭىز (-i'ngiz) | ـىڭىز (-i'ngiz) | ـىڭىز (-i'ngiz) |
| 2nd person (your) | plural | ordinary سىلەرنىڭ (silerning) | ـڭلار (-nglar) | ـڭلار (-nglar) | ـىڭلار (-inglar) | ـىڭلار (-inglar) | ـۇڭلار (-unglar) | ـۈڭلار (-ünglar) |
| 2nd person (your) | plural | refined سىزلەرنىڭ (sizlerning) | ـڭىزلار (-ngizlar) | ـڭىزلەر (-ngizler) | ـىڭىزلار (-i'ngizlar) | ـىڭىزلەر (-i'ngizler) | ـىڭىزلار (-i'ngizlar) | ـىڭىزلەر (-i'ngizler) |
| 2nd person (your) | Singular & plural respectful سىلىنىڭ (silining) ھەر قايسىلىرىنىڭ (her qaysilirining) | Singular & plural respectful سىلىنىڭ (silining) ھەر قايسىلىرىنىڭ (her qaysilirining) | ـلىرى (-liri) | ـلىرى (-liri) | ـلىرى (-liri) | ـلىرى (-liri) | ـلىرى (-liri) | ـلىرى (-liri) |
| 3rd person | Singular & plural (his/her/its/their) ئۇنىڭ (uning) ئۇلارنىڭ (ularning) | Singular & plural (his/her/its/their) ئۇنىڭ (uning) ئۇلارنىڭ (ularning) | ـسى (-si) | ـسى (-si) | ـى (-i) | ـى (-i) | ـى (-i) | ـى (-i) |

#### See also

* Appendix:Uyghur suffixes