# 贊

| 贊 | U+8D0A, &#36106; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D0A |
| ← 贉 [U+8D09] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 贋 → [U+8D0B] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 贊 |
| Shinjitai | 賛 |
| Simplified | 赞 |

### Han character

贊 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 竹山月山金 (HUBUC), four-corner 2480$_6$, composition ⿱兟貝)

#### Derived characters

* 儹, 囋, 㜺, 巑, 𢑊, 㦫, 攢, 灒, 欑, 𤓎, 瓚, 臢, 禶, 䂎, 礸, 穳, 襸, 纘, 𧹍, 讚, 𧹏, 趲, 躦, 䡽, 鑽, 饡
* 劗, 酇, 籫, 䰖

#### See also

* 賛, 赞

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1212, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36935
* Dae Jaweon: page 1678, character 24
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3657, character 21
* Unihan data for U+8D0A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 贊 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 贊 | *ʔsaːns |
| 趲 | *ʔsaːns, *zaːnʔ |
| 讚 | *ʔsaːns |
| 酇 | *ʔsaːns, *zoːn |
| 饡 | *ʔsaːns |
| 濽 | *ʔsaːns |
| 襸 | *ʔsaːns |
| 攢 | *ʔsaːns, *ʔsoːnʔ |
| 瓚 | *zaːnʔ |
| 禶 | *zaːnʔ, *zoːn |
| 穳 | *zaːns, *zoːn |
| 囋 | *zaːns, *zaːd |
| 鑽 | *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns |
| 劗 | *ʔsoːn, *zoːn |
| 纘 | *ʔsoːnʔ |
| 儧 | *ʔsoːnʔ |
| 鄼 | *ʔsoːnʔ |
| 欑 | *ʔsoːnʔ, *zoːn |
| 籫 | *ʔsoːnʔ |
| 巑 | *zoːn |
| 攅 | *zoːns |
Originally 賛. Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 㚘 + 貝 (“money”) – to help with money.
Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsaːns) : phonetic 兟 (OC *srin) + semantic 貝 (“money”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zàn (zan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄗㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zan$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zaan$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): dan$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zan$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chan
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zan$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zan$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): cu̿ing
* Eastern Min (BUC): cáng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tse
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zàn
*** Wade–Giles: tsan$^4$
*** Yale: dzàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzann
*** Palladius: цзань (czanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sän⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zan$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zan
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡san²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaan$^3$
*** Yale: jaan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːn³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: dan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tan³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡san³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chan
*** Hakka Romanization System: zan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡san⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡san⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sæ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cu̿ing
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suiŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cáng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɑŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàn
*** Tâi-lô: tsàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zaxn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡san²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡san¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡san⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zang$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsàng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saŋ²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tse
*** MiniDict: tse$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tse
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡se³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: zan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡san⁴⁵/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit贊 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡san⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡san³¹²/ /t͡suan³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡san¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡san²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡san³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡san¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡san²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡saŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sæ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡se³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡se̞⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sɛ³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sɔ⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡san⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡san⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡san⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡sɑn⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡san³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡san³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡san³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡san²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɑŋ²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡suiŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡saŋ²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡saŋ³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsanH
Rime :
| Character | 贊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 則旰切 |
| Baxter | tsanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡san$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zaan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsˤarʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 贊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsan$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tsˁarʔ-s/ |
| English | assist |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 贊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16514 |
| Phonetic component | 贊 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 賛 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsaːns/ |

#### Definitions

贊
* to help; to support
    翼贊／翼赞 ― yìzàn ― to assist
* to agree
    贊同／赞同 ― zàntóng ― to agree
* (literature) a form and style of writing that summarizes and concludes a narrative, biography, or portrait, etc.

#### Compounds

* 不贊一辭／不赞一辞 (bùzànyīcí)
* 交口稱贊／交口称赞
* 依贊／依赞
* 傳贊／传赞
* 像贊／像赞
* 參贊／参赞 (cānzàn)
* 宣贊／宣赞
* 獎贊／奖赞
* 痛贊／痛赞
* 翊贊／翊赞 (yìzàn)
* 自贊／自赞
* 褒贊／褒赞
* 詠贊／咏赞
* 論贊／论赞
* 贊助／赞助 (zànzhù)
* 贊助人／赞助人
* 贊助商／赞助商 (zànzhùshāng)
* 贊同／赞同 (zàntóng)
* 贊善／赞善
* 贊成／赞成 (zànchéng)
* 贊拜／赞拜 (zànbài)
* 贊普／赞普 (zànpǔ)
* 贊比亞／赞比亚 (Zànbǐyà)
* 贊理／赞理
* 贊禮／赞礼 (zànlǐ)
* 贊翼／赞翼
* 輔贊／辅赞

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 贊 – see 讚 (“to praise; to commend; to eulogize; to like; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 讚).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chān
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chān
*** Tâi-lô: tsān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡san³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit贊 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡san⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡san³¹²/ /t͡suan³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡san¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡san²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡san³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡san¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡san²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡saŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sæ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡se³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡se̞⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sɛ³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sɔ⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡san⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡san⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡san⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡san⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡sɑn⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡san³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡san³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡san³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡san²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɑŋ²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡suiŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡saŋ²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡saŋ³⁵/ |
* to help; to support

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 幫忙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 幫忙兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 幫忙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 幫忙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 幫忙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 幫忙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 幫忙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 幫忙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 幫忙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 幫手 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 幫手 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 幫忙 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 幫忙 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𢯭手, 幫忙, 幫手, 扛幫 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Changting | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 幹𢯭 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 幫手 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 幫手 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 𢯭手 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鬥相共, 𢯭手 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 幫忙 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 打幫, 相幫 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 幫襯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 對手 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 對手 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手, 鬥跤搭 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 幫忙 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 幫助 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 鬥相共, 鬥跤手, 幫忙, 鬥相贊 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鬥跤手, 幫忙 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 鬥跤手, 幫忙, 鬥相共 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鬥相共, 鬥, 幫助, 幫贈 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 相輔 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 相輔, 幫忙 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 相輔 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 相輔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 相輔 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 相輔 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 幫跤接手 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 幫跤手 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 幫跤手, 幫忙 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 幫手 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 幫忙, 相幫, 幫襯 dated |
| Xiang | Loudi | 幫忙 |

#### Compounds

* 幫贊／帮赞
* 相贊／相赞
* 鬥相贊／斗相赞

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 賛 |
| Kyūjitai | 贊 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 賛)
* Kyūjitai form of 賛 (help, assist, support)

#### Readings

* Go-on: さん (san)
* Kan-on: さん (san)
* Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 贊ける)、たたえる (tataeru, 贊える)

## Korean
### Hanja

贊 (eum 찬 (chan))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

贊: Hán Nôm readings: tán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.