# 浪漫
## Chinese

* 浪漫

### Etymology

Originally a native Chinese word meaning “unrestrained, indulgent”. Later used as a phono-semantic matching of English romantic, itself derived from French romantique. Compare also Chinese 羅馬／罗马 (Luómǎ), French roman (“novel”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): làngmàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˋ ㄇㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): long$^6$ maan$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lōng-bān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lang$^6$ bhuang$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$laon-me
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: làngmàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˋ ㄇㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: làngmàn
*** Wade–Giles: lang$^4$-man$^4$
*** Yale: làng-màn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lanqmann
*** Palladius: ланмань (lanmanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: long$^6$ maan$^6$
*** Yale: lohng maahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: long$^6$ maan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: long$^6$ man$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔːŋ²² maːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lōng-bān
*** Tâi-lô: lōng-bān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loxngban
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ban²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ban⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ban²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ban³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ban³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lang$^6$ bhuang$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lăng buăng
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ buaŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$laon-me
*** MiniDict: laon$^去$ me
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$laan-me
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɑ̃²² me⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: langH manH
Rime :
| Character | 浪 | 漫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 來宕切 | 莫半切 |
| Baxter | langH | manH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /mʷɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /laŋ$^H$/ | /mwan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /lɑŋ$^H$/ | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | làng | màn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | long$^6$ | mun$^6$ |

### Adjective

浪漫
* (literary) indulgent; unrestrained; at will; wanton
** 1947, 蓋恩夫人 [Madame Guyon], translated by 俞成華 [C.H. Yü], 《馨香的沒藥》 [Sweet Swelling Myrrh], Shanghai: Gospel Book Room, pages 234–235:
       Nǐ yòng císhéng'àisuǒ, kǔnbǎngle wǒ làngmàn de chìbǎng, què yòu fǔshǒu xìtīng, wǒ yōujìng de gēchàng; ò, tiánměi de ài, jīlì héqí shēnchén, gān zuò qiúnú, bùyuàn gāofēiyuǎndùn. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (often literary) Alternative term for 爛漫／烂漫 (lànmàn, “bright-coloured; brilliant”).
* (loanword) romantic
    不懂浪漫 ― bùdǒng làngmàn ― to not understand romance; to be unromantic
* (by extension) dissolute; debauched; voluptuous; loose

#### Synonyms

* (romantic): 羅曼蒂克／罗曼蒂克 (luómàndìkè)

#### Derived terms

* 天真浪漫
* 浪漫主義／浪漫主义 (làngmàn zhǔyì)
* 浪漫曲
* 浪漫樂派／浪漫乐派
* 浪漫派
* 浪漫諦克／浪漫谛克

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 浪 | 漫 |
| ろう Grade: S | まん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 浪曼
Phono-semantic matching of French roman, probably coined by Natsume Sōseki. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ろーまん [róꜜòmàǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾo̞ːmã̠ɴ]

#### Noun

浪(ろう)漫(まん) or 浪漫(ローマン) • (rōman)
* Alternative form of ロマン (roman, “romance; qualities as if it were a romance novel”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 浪 | 漫 |
| ろう > ろ Grade: S | まん Grade: S |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spelling
* 浪曼
For pronunciation and definitions of 浪漫 – see the following entry. :
| 【ロマン】 | [noun] dream, ideal [noun] a novel, especially of romanticism [noun] romance [proper noun] Roman (given name or family name) Alternative spelling 浪曼 |
(This term, 浪漫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 浪 | 漫 |

### Noun

浪漫 • (nangman) (hangeul 낭만)
* hanja form of 낭만 (“romance”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 浪 | 漫 |

### Adjective

浪漫
* chữ Hán form of lãng mạn (“romantic”).