# 古代
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gǔdài
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гўдэ (gwde, II-III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gu$^2$ doi$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gu$^2$ oi$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kú-thoi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘-tāi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gou$^2$ do$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ku-de
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǔdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǔdài
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^3$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: gǔ-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guuday
*** Palladius: гудай (gudaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гўдэ (gwde, II-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵¹ tɛ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gu$^2$ doi$^6$
*** Yale: gú doih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gu$^2$ doi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gu$^2$ doi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuː³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gu$^2$ oi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵ ᵘɔi³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kú-thoi
*** Hakka Romanization System: gu$^ˋ$ toi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gu$^3$ toi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku³¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tāi
*** Tâi-lô: kóo-tāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kofdai
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tai³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gou$^2$ do$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu tō
*** Sinological IPA : /kou⁵²⁻³⁵ to¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ku-de
*** MiniDict: ku$^去$ de
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ku-de
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ku³³ de⁴⁴/

### Noun

古代
* antiquity; ancient times
    古代歷史／古代历史 ― gǔdài lìshǐ ― ancient history
    古代文獻／古代文献 ― gǔdài wénxiàn ― ancient documents
    古代建築／古代建筑 ― gǔdài jiànzhù ― ancient architecture
* (Mainland China) period of Chinese history from antiquity until the Opium Wars in 1840's

#### Synonyms

* 上古 (shànggǔ)
* 元古 (yuángǔ)
* 先代 (xiāndài) (literary)
* 先古 (xiāngǔ) (literary)
* 古早 (gǔzǎo) (chiefly Min)
* 古時／古时 (gǔshí)
* 太古 (tàigǔ) (often attributive)
* 曠古／旷古 (kuànggǔ)
* 絕代／绝代 (juédài) (literary)
* 遠古／远古 (yuǎngǔ)
* 邃古 (suìgǔ)
* (attributive)
* 古典 (gǔdiǎn) (attributive)
* 古老 (gǔlǎo)
* 古舊／古旧 (gǔjiù)

#### Derived terms

* 古代人 (gǔdàirén)
* 古代史 (gǔdàishǐ)
* 古代希臘語／古代希腊语 (Gǔdài Xīlàyǔ)
* 古代漢語／古代汉语 (gǔdài hànyǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 古(こ)代(だい) (kodai)
* → Korean: 고대(古代) (godae)
* → Vietnamese: cổ đại (古代)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 古 | 代 |
| こ Grade: 2 | だい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こだい [kóꜜdàì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞da̠i]

### Adjective

古(こ)代(だい) • (kodai) -na (adnominal 古(こ)代(だい)な (kodai na), adverbial 古(こ)代(だい)に (kodai ni))
* (archaic) antique, old-fashioned
* (colloquial) ancient

### Noun

古(こ)代(だい) • (kodai)
* ancient times, antiquity, remote ages

#### Derived terms

* 古代語 (kodaigo): ancient language
* 古代史 (kodaishi): ancient history
* 古代紫 (kodaimurasaki): reddish-purple
* 古代人 (kodaijin): the ancients, ancient people
* 古代米 (kodaimai): ancient rice varieties, wild rice
* 古代裂れ (kodaigire): ancient cloth fragment
* 古代エジプト (kodai ejiputo): ancient Egypt
* 古代オリンピック (kodai orinpikku): ancient Olympics
* 古代ギリシャ, 古代希臘 (kodai girisha): ancient Greece
* 古代ギリシア (kodai girishia): ancient Greece
* 古代ローマ (kodai rōma): ancient Rome
* 古代中国 (kodai chūgoku): ancient China
* 古代文明 (kodai bunmei): ancient civilization
* 太古代 (taikodai): Archean

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 古 | 代 |

### Noun

古代 • (godae) (hangeul 고대)
* hanja form of 고대 (“antiquity”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 古 | 代 |

### Adjective

古代
* chữ Hán form of cổ đại (“ancient”).