# 緊縮
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jǐnsuō
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄙㄨㄛ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gan$^2$ suk$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kín-sok / kín-siok
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǐnsuō
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄙㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jǐnsuo
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^3$-so$^1$
*** Yale: jǐn-swō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiinsuo
*** Palladius: цзиньсо (czinʹso)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ɔ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gan$^2$ suk$^1$
*** Yale: gán sūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gan$^2$ suk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gen$^2$ sug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐn³⁵ sʊk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-sok
*** Tâi-lô: kín-sok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kynsog
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-siok
*** Tâi-lô: kín-siok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kynsiog
*** IPA (Taipei, Zhangzhou): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔk̚³²/

### Verb

緊縮
* to reduce; to cut back (on expenses, spending, etc.); to tighten (money)
    緊縮開支／紧缩开支 ― jǐnsuō kāizhī ― to cut back on expenses

#### Synonyms

* 削 (literary, or in compounds)
* 削減／削减 (xuējiǎn)
* 壓縮／压缩 (yāsuō)
* 損／损 (sǔn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 撤 (chè)
* 收縮／收缩 (shōusuō)
* 消減／消减 (xiāojiǎn)
* 減低／减低 (jiǎndī)
* 減削／减削 (jiǎnxuè)
* 減少／减少 (jiǎnshǎo)
* 減損／减损 (jiǎnsǔn)
* 減輕／减轻 (jiǎnqīng)
* 省卻／省却 (shěngquè)
* 砍 (kǎn)
* 縮減／缩减 (suōjiǎn)
* 耗
* 裁 (cái)
* 裁汰 (cáitài) (literary)
* 裁減／裁减 (cáijiǎn)
* 鐫汰／镌汰 (juāntài) (literary)
* 降低 (jiàngdī)

### Noun

緊縮
* (economics) austerity
    緊縮措施／紧缩措施 ― jǐnsuō cuòshī ― austerity measures
* (economics) tightening
    貨幣緊縮／货币紧缩 ― huòbì jǐnsuō ― monetary tightening

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 緊 | 縮 |
| きん Grade: S | しゅく Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲĩɰ̃ɕɨkɯ̟]

### Noun

緊(きん)縮(しゅく) • (kinshuku)
* shrinkage, cut
* spending cutback, economy
    緊縮(きんしゅく)財政(ざいせい)政策(せいさく)
       kinshuku zaisei seisaku
       austerity measure

### Verb

緊(きん)縮(しゅく)する • (kinshuku suru) transitive suru (stem 緊(きん)縮(しゅく)し (kinshuku shi), past 緊(きん)縮(しゅく)した (kinshuku shita))
* to shrink, to cut
* to cut back spending

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 緊縮し | きんしゅくし | kinshuku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 緊縮し | きんしゅくし | kinshuku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 緊縮する | きんしゅくする | kinshuku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 緊縮する | きんしゅくする | kinshuku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 緊縮すれ | きんしゅくすれ | kinshuku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 緊縮せよ¹ 緊縮しろ² | きんしゅくせよ¹ きんしゅくしろ² | kinshuku seyo¹ kinshuku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 緊縮される | きんしゅくされる | kinshuku sareru |
| Causative | 緊縮させる 緊縮さす | きんしゅくさせる きんしゅくさす | kinshuku saseru kinshuku sasu |
| Potential | 緊縮できる | きんしゅくできる | kinshuku dekiru |
| Volitional | 緊縮しよう | きんしゅくしよう | kinshuku shiyō |
| Negative | 緊縮しない | きんしゅくしない | kinshuku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 緊縮せず | きんしゅくせず | kinshuku sezu |
| Formal | 緊縮します | きんしゅくします | kinshuku shimasu |
| Perfective | 緊縮した | きんしゅくした | kinshuku shita |
| Conjunctive | 緊縮して | きんしゅくして | kinshuku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 緊縮すれば | きんしゅくすれば | kinshuku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 緊 | 縮 |

### Noun

緊縮 • (ginchuk) (hangeul 긴축)
* hanja form of 긴축