# ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲣⲱⲓⲥ (rōis), ⲣⲱⲥ (rōs) — Bohairic
* ⲗⲁⲉⲓⲥ (laeis), ⲗⲁⲓⲥ (lais) — Fayyumic
* ⲣⲁⲓⲥ (rais) — Lycopolitan, Fayyumic
* ⲣⲁⲉⲓⲥ (raeis) — Akhmimic

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾojs/

### Verb

ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ • (roeis) (stative ⲣⲏⲥ†)
* (Sahidic, intransitive) to be awake, to watch
* (Sahidic, transitive, rare) to observe
    Synonym: ⲛⲁⲩ (nau, “to look, behold”)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ roeis | imperative | affirmative | ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ roeis |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tm̄roeis | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄roeis |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tiroeis | ⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ kroeis | ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ teroeis | ϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ froeis | ⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ sroeis | ⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tn̄roeis | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tetn̄roeis | ⲥⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ seroeis | ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ roeis |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eïroeis | ⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ekroeis | ⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ereroeis | ⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ efroeis | ⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ esroeis | ⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ enroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetn̄roeis | ⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ euroeis | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ere- roeis |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etiroeis | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etk̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eteroeis, etereroeis | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etf̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ets̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etouroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etere- roeis |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neïroeis | ⲛⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nekroeis | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nereroeis | ⲛⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nefroeis | ⲛⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nesroeis | ⲛⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nenroeis | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ netetn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neuroeis | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nere- roeis |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tinaroeis | ⲕⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ knaroeis | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tenaroeis | ϥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ fnaroeis | ⲥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ snaroeis | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tn̄naroeis | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tetnaroeis | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ senaroeis | ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ naroeis |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eïnaroeis | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eknaroeis | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ erenaroeis | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ efnaroeis | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ esnaroeis | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ennaroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetnaroeis | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eunaroeis | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ere- naroeis |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etinaroeis | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etk̄naroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etenaroeis, eterenaroeis | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etf̄naroeis | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ets̄naroeis | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etn̄naroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetnaroeis | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etounaroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etere- naroeis |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neïnaroeis | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neknaroeis | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nerenaroeis | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nefnaroeis | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nesnaroeis | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nennaroeis | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ netetnaroeis | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neunaroeis | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nere- naroeis |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ aïroeis | ⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ akroeis | ⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ aroeis, arroeis, areroeis | ⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ afroeis | ⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ asroeis | ⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ anroeis | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ atetn̄roeis | ⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ auroeis | ⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ a- roeis |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄piroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pk̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄peroeis, m̄pr̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pf̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄ps̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pn̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄petn̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pouroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pe- roeis |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eaïroeis | ⲉⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eakroeis | ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ earoeis, earroeis, eareroeis | ⲉⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eafroeis | ⲉⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ easroeis | ⲉⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eanroeis | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eatetn̄roeis | ⲉⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eauroeis | ⲉⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ea- roeis |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄piroeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pk̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄peroeis, em̄pr̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pf̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄ps̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pn̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄petn̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pouroeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pe- roeis |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entaïroeis, n̄taïroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entakroeis, n̄takroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entaroeis, n̄taroeis, entarroeis, n̄tarroeis, entareroeis, n̄tareroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entafroeis, n̄tafroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entasroeis, n̄tasroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entanroeis, n̄tanroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entatetn̄roeis, n̄tatetn̄roeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ entauroeis, n̄tauroeis | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ enta- roeis, n̄ta- roeis |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄piroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pk̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄peroeis, etem̄pr̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pf̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄ps̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄petn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pouroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pe- roeis |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neaïroeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neakroeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nearoeis, nearroeis, neareroeis | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neafroeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neasroeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neanroeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neatetn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ neauroeis | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nea- roeis |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄piroeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pk̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄peroeis, nem̄pr̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pf̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄ps̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄petn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pouroeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pe- roeis |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄taïroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄takroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄taroeis, n̄tarroeis, n̄tareroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tafroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tasroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tanroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tatetn̄roeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tauroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄ta- roeis |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patiroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patk̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pateroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patf̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pats̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patn̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patetn̄roeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄patouroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pate- roeis |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patiroeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patk̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pateroeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patf̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pats̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patn̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patetn̄roeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄patouroeis | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ em̄pate- roeis |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patiroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patk̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pateroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patf̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pats̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patetn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄patouroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etem̄pate- roeis |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patiroeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patk̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pateroeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patf̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pats̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patetn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄patouroeis | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nem̄pate- roeis |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šaïroeis | ϣⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šakroeis | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šareroeis | ϣⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šafroeis | ϣⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šasroeis | ϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šanroeis | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šatetn̄roeis | ϣⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šauroeis | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šare- roeis |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ meïroeis | ⲙⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mekroeis | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mereroeis | ⲙⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mefroeis | ⲙⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mesroeis | ⲙⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ menroeis | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ metetn̄roeis | ⲙⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ meuroeis | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mere- roeis |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešaïroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešakroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešareroeis | ⲉϣⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešafroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešasroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešanroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešatetn̄roeis | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešauroeis | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ešare- roeis |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emeïroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emekroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emereroeis | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emefroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emesroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emenroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emetetn̄roeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emeuroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emere- roeis |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešaïroeis, ešaïroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešakroeis, ešakroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešareroeis, ešareroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešafroeis, ešafroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešasroeis, ešasroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešanroeis, ešanroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešatetn̄roeis, ešatetn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešauroeis, ešauroeis | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etešare- roeis, ešare- roeis |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemeïroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemekroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemereroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemefroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemesroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemenroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemetetn̄roeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemeuroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etemere- roeis |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešaïroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešakroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešareroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešafroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešasroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešanroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešatetn̄roeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešauroeis | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nešare- roeis |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemeïroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemekroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemereroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemefroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemesroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemenroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemetetn̄roeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemeuroeis | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ nemere- roeis |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emeïroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emekroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emereroeis | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emefroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emesroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emenroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emetetn̄roeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emeuroeis | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ emere- roeis |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eïeroeis | ⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ekeroeis | ⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ereroeis | ⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eferoeis | ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eseroeis | ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eneroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetneroeis | ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eueroeis | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ere- roeis |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄naroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄nekroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄neroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄nefroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄nesroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄nenroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄netn̄roeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄neuroeis | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄ne- roeis |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mariroeis | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ marefroeis | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ maresroeis | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ marn̄roeis | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ marouroeis | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ mare- roeis |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄traroeis | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄trefroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄tresroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄trenroeis | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄treuroeis | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ m̄pr̄tre- roeis |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄taroeis, taroeis | ⲛ̄ⲅⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄groeis, n̄kroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄teroeis | ⲛ̄ϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄froeis | ⲛ̄ⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄sroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tn̄roeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tetn̄roeis | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄seroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄te- roeis |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tariroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tarekroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tareroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tarefroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ taresroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tarn̄roeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ taretn̄roeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tarouroeis | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ tare- roeis |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄teriroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄terekroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tereroeis, n̄tererroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄terefroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄teresroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tern̄roeis, n̄terenroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄teretn̄roeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄terouroeis | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ n̄tere- roeis |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantiroeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantk̄roeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šanteroeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantf̄roeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šants̄roeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantn̄roeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantetn̄roeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šantouroeis | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ šante- roeis |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eïšanroeis | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ekšanroeis | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eršanroeis, erešanroeis | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ efšanroeis | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ esšanroeis | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ enšanroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetn̄šanroeis | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eušanroeis | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eršan- roeis |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ eïroeis | ⲉⲕⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ekroeis | ⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ereroeis | ⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ efroeis | ⲉⲥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ esroeis | ⲉⲛⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ enroeis | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ etetn̄roeis | ⲉⲩⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ euroeis | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ere- roeis |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

#### Derived terms

* ⲙⲁⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ (man̄roeis)
* ⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ (oušē n̄roeis)
* ⲣ̄ⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ (r̄oušē n̄roeis)

### Noun

ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ • (roeis) m
* (Sahidic) watch, guard

### References

* TLA lemma no. C3058 (ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* TLA lemma no. C3060 (ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* Marcion Coptic dictionary