# 仁者
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rénzhě
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄓㄜˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ ze$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rénzhě
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄓㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rénjhě
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-chê$^3$
*** Yale: rén-jě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renjee
*** Palladius: жэньчжэ (žɛnʹčžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ ze$^2$
*** Yale: yàhn jé
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ dze$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ zé$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ t͡sɛː³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: nyin tsyaeX
Rime :
| Character | 仁 | 者 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 如鄰切 | 章也切 |
| Baxter | nyin | tsyaeX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiɪn/ | /t͡ɕia$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵin/ | /t͡ɕia$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjen/ | /t͡ɕia$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵin/ | /cia$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiĕn/ | /t͡ɕia$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭĕn/ | /t͡ɕĭa$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ | /t͡ɕi̯a$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rén | zhě |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jan$^4$ | ze$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*niŋ tAʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njin tjaːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 仁 | 者 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | rén | zhě |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyin › | ‹ tsyæ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*niŋ/ | /*tAʔ/ |
| English | kind | (nominalizing particle) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 仁 | 者 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10801 | 16960 |
| Phonetic component | 人 | 者 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 仁 | 者 |
| Old Chinese | /*njin/ | /*tjaːʔ/ |
| Notes | | 說文古旅聲。甲金文象足印小坎積水， 爲瀦初文，用詹鄞鑫說 |

### Noun

仁者
* (formal) virtuous person; benevolent person
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐyuē: “Wéi rénzhě néng hào rén, néng wù rén.” [Pinyin]
    The Master said, "It is only the (truly) virtuous man, who can love, or who can hate, others."
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rénzhě ài rén, yǒulǐ zhě jìng rén. [Pinyin]
    A benevolent person loves others. A person of propriety shows respect to others.

#### Synonyms

* 仁人 (rénrén)

#### Derived terms

* 仁者見仁，智者見智／仁者见仁，智者见智 (rénzhě jiàn rén, zhìzhě jiàn zhì)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 仁者(じんしゃ) (jinsha)
* → Korean: 인자(仁者) (inja)
* → Vietnamese: nhân giả (仁者)

### Further reading

* Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “仁者” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 仁 | 者 |
| じん Grade: 6 | しゃ Grade: 3 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 仁者 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑĩɰ̃ɕa̠]

### Noun

仁(じん)者(しゃ) • (jinsha)
* a virtuous person
    仁者(じんしゃ)は憂(うれ)えず。
       Jinsha wa urēzu.
       The virtuous person is without worry.
* a benevolent person, a humanitarian
    Synonym: 仁人 (jinjin)