# 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提
## Chinese

| | | excellent, incomparable, unsurpassed | |
| trad. (阿耨多羅三藐三菩提) | trad. (阿耨多羅三藐三菩提) | 阿耨多羅 | 三藐三菩提 |
| simp. (阿耨多罗三藐三菩提) | simp. (阿耨多罗三藐三菩提) | 阿耨多罗 | 三藐三菩提 |
* 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अनुत्तरा सम्यक् सम्बोधि (anuttarā samyak sambodhi, literally “highest perfect awakening”). Compare Pali anuttara sammā sambodhi.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí
    (Zhuyin): ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí
*** Zhuyin: ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: anòuduoluó sanmiǎo sanpútí
*** Wade–Giles: a$^1$-nou$^4$-to$^1$-lo$^2$ san$^1$-miao$^3$ san$^1$-pʻu$^2$-tʻi$^2$
*** Yale: ā-nòu-dwō-lwó sān-myǎu sān-pú-tí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: anowduoluo sanmeau sanpwutyi
*** Palladius: аноудоло саньмяо саньпути (anoudolo sanʹmjao sanʹputi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀä⁵⁵ noʊ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'a nuwH ta la sam mjiewX sam bu dzye
Rime :
| Character | 阿 | 耨 | 多 | 羅 | 三 | 藐 | 菩 | 提 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/4 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 泥 (8) | 端 (5) | 來 (37) | 心 (16) | 明 (4) | 並 (3) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 侯 (137) | 歌 (94) | 歌 (94) | 談 (143) | 宵 (91) | 模 (23) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | I | I | I | III | I | III |
| Fanqie | 烏何切 | 奴豆切 | 得何切 | 魯何切 | 蘇甘切 | 亡沼切 | 薄胡切 | 是支切 |
| Baxter | 'a | nuwH | ta | la | sam | mjiewX | bu | dzye |
| Reconstructions |||||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɑ/ | /nəu$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /miᴇu$^X$/ | /buo/ | /d͡ʑiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔɑ/ | /nəu$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /miɛu$^X$/ | /buo/ | /d͡ʑiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɑ/ | /nəu$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /mjæu$^X$/ | /bo/ | /d͡ʑjɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔa/ | /nəw$^H$/ | /ta/ | /la/ | /sam/ | /miaw$^X$/ | /bɔ/ | /d͡ʑiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɑ/ | /nu$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /miɛu$^X$/ | /bo/ | /ʑie/ |
| Wang Li | /ɑ/ | /nəu$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /mĭɛu$^X$/ | /bu/ | /ʑǐe/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔɑ/ | /nə̯u$^H$/ | /tɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /sɑm/ | /mi̯ɛu$^X$/ | /bʱuo/ | /ʑie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ē | nòu | duō | luó | sān | miǎo | pú | chí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | o$^1$ | nau$^6$ | do$^1$ | lo$^4$ | saam$^1$ | miu$^5$ | pou$^4$ | si$^4$ |

### Noun

阿耨多羅三藐三菩提
* (Buddhism) the supreme perfect enlightenment
    From: 406 CE, Lotus Sutra, chapter 25 (translation by Kumarajiva)
    Fó shuō shì pǔménpǐn shí, zhòng zhōng bāwàn sìqiān zhòngshēng, jiē fā wú děngděng, ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí xīn. [Pinyin]
    When [the Gautama] Buddha finished preaching on the sutra of Avalokiteśvara, the sentient eighty-four thousand in the crowd were aroused with the supreme and perfect enlightenment.
    From: 7th century CE, Shorter Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya Sutra (translation by Xuanzang)
    Sānshì zhū fó, yī bōrě bōluómìduō gù, dé ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí. [Pinyin]
    All buddhas of the past, present and future rely on the perfection of wisdom to attain the supreme, perfect enlightenment.

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 阿(あ)耨(のく)多羅(たら)三藐(さんみゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai)
* → Korean: 아뇩다라 삼먁 삼보리(阿耨多羅三藐三菩提) (anyokdara sammyak sambori)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 阿 | 耨 | 多 | 羅 | 三 | 藐 | 三 | 菩 | 提 |
| あ Jinmeiyō | のく Hyōgai | た Grade: 2 | ら Grade: S | さん Grade: 1 | みゃく Hyōgai | さん Grade: 1 | ぼ Jinmeiyō | だい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | goon | on'yomi | on'yomi | on'yomi | irregular | on'yomi | kan'yōon | goon |

### Etymology

Ultimately a transliteration from Sanskrit अनुत्तरा सम्यक् सम्बोधि (anuttarā samyak sambodhi, literally “highest perfect awakening”), via Middle Chinese 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提 (MC 'a nowk ta la sam maewk sam bu dej), possibly through Pali anuttara sammā sambodhi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [a̠no̞kɯ̟ta̠ɾa̠ sã̠mʲːa̠kɯ̟ sã̠mbo̞da̠i]

### Noun

阿(あ)耨(のく)多(た)羅(ら)三(さん)藐(みゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) • (anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai)
* (Buddhism) the supreme perfect enlightenment
** 1018, Wakan Rōeishū (book 2, poem 602 by Dengyō-daishi)
    阿(あ)耨(のく)多(た)羅(ら)三(さん)藐(みやく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい)の仏(ほとけ)たちわが立(た)つ杣(そま)に冥(みやう)加(が)あらせたまへ
       anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai no hotoke-tachi waga tatsu soma ni myōga arasetamae
       O supreme, perfect, and enlightened buddhas (i.e. beings of anuttarā samyak sambodhi), protect the wooded mountains where I stand!

#### See also

* 悟(さと)り (satori)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN