# 嘶

| 嘶 | U+5636, &#22070; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5636 |
| ← 嘵 [U+5635] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嘷 → [U+5637] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嘶 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 口廿金中 (RTCL), four-corner 6202$_1$, composition ⿰口斯)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 207, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4260
* Dae Jaweon: page 430, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 681, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5636

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 嘶 | *seː |
| 撕 | *seː, *se |
| 斯 | *se |
| 廝 | *se |
| 蟴 | *se |
| 燍 | *se |
| 鐁 | *se |
| 凘 | *se |
| 澌 | *ses |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *seː) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 斯 (OC *se).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sī (si$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sai$^1$ / si$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sê
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sir / su
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sī
*** Zhuyin: ㄙ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sih
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^1$
*** Yale: sz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sy
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sai$^1$ / si$^1$
*** Yale: sāi / sī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sai$^1$ / si$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sei$^1$ / xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐi̯⁵⁵/, /siː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sê
*** Hakka Romanization System: se$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: se$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /se²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sir
*** Tâi-lô: sir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
*** Tâi-lô: su
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: sej
Rime :
| Character | 嘶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 先稽切 |
| Baxter | sej |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sei/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sei/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɛi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛj/ |
| Li Rong | /sei/ |
| Wang Li | /siei/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /siei/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sai$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤe/
    (Zhengzhang): /*seː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嘶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sej › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ˁe/ |
| English | shriek |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嘶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11993 |
| Phonetic component | 斯 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 西 |
| Old Chinese | /*seː/ |

#### Definitions

嘶
* neighing of a horse
* husky throated; gravel voiced
    嘶啞／嘶哑 ― sīyǎ ― hoarse; husky
* (of birds; insects) mournful murmur; whimpering
       From: Emperor Jianwen of Liang 梁簡文帝, 《夜望單飛雁》
       Tiān shuāng hé bái yè xīng xī, yī yàn shēng sī héchù guī. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (onomatopoeia, of various sounds) eg. sound of paper being shredded; sobbing
       From: Mei Yaochen 梅堯臣, 《淘渠》
       Lǎowēng yè xíng wú zǐ xié, yǎn hūn shī jiǎo fēi yǒu jǐ; míngrì xún zhě ěr shòu qī, shǒu tí yòunǚ kū sīsī. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Compounds

* 人喊馬嘶／人喊马嘶
* 人語馬嘶／人语马嘶
* 力竭聲嘶／力竭声嘶 (lìjiéshēngsī)
* 嘶叫 (sījiào)
* 嘶吼
* 嘶啞／嘶哑 (sīyǎ)
* 嘶喊 (sīhǎn)
* 嘶喝
* 嘶嘶 (sīsī)
* 嘶噪
* 嘶聲／嘶声
* 嘶鳴／嘶鸣
* 老馬嘶風／老马嘶风
* 聲嘶／声嘶
* 聲嘶力竭／声嘶力竭 (shēngsīlìjié)
* 蟬嘶／蝉嘶
* 酸嘶
* 馬嘶／马嘶 (mǎsī)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 嘶 – see 𤺊 (“(Cantonese) to hiccup”). (This character is a variant form of 𤺊).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00685
* “嘶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to neigh, to whinny

#### Readings

* Go-on: さい (sai)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kan’yō-on: し (shi)
* Kun: いななく (inanaku, 嘶く)、いばえる (ibaeru, 嘶える)、ころろく (kororoku, 嘶く)

#### Compounds

* 悲嘶(ひせい) (hisei)

## Korean
### Hanja

嘶 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嘶: Hán Nôm readings: tê
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation