# 謬誤
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): miùwù
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄡˋ ㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mau$^6$ ng$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): biū-ngō͘ / biū-gō͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: miùwù
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄡˋ ㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: miòuwù
*** Wade–Giles: miu$^4$-wu$^4$
*** Yale: myòu-wù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miowwuh
*** Palladius: мюу (mjuu)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mau$^6$ ng$^6$
*** Yale: mauh ngh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mau$^6$ ng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: meo$^6$ ng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐu̯²² ŋ̍²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biū-ngō͘
*** Tâi-lô: biū-ngōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: biuxngo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /biu²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biū-gō͘
*** Tâi-lô: biū-gōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: biuxgo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /biu³³⁻²¹ ɡɔ³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /biu⁴¹⁻²² ɡɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /biu³³⁻¹¹ ɡɔ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /biu²²⁻²¹ ɡɔ²²/
* Middle Chinese: mjiwH nguH
Rime :
| Character | 謬 | 誤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 幽 (138) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 靡幼切 | 五故切 |
| Baxter | mjiwH | nguH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /miɪu$^H$/ | /ŋuo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mɨu$^H$/ | /ŋuo$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mieu$^H$/ | /ŋo$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mjiw$^H$/ | /ŋɔ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /miĕu$^H$/ | /ŋo$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /miəu$^H$/ | /ŋu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /mieu$^H$/ | /ŋuo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | miào | wù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mau$^6$ | ng$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-riw-s ŋʷˤa-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯws ŋʷaːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 謬 | 誤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | miù | wù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mjiw$^H$ › | ‹ ngu$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-riw-s/ (dialect: *m-r- > *mr-) | /*ŋʷˁa-s/ |
| English | lie, error < 'twist the truth' | deceive; mistake |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 謬 | 誤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 8388 | 13099 |
| Phonetic component | 翏 | 吴 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 謬 | 誤 |
| Old Chinese | /*mrɯws/ | /*ŋʷaːs/ |

### Noun

謬誤
* error; falsehood; fallacy

#### Synonyms

* 不好
* 不是
* 不韙／不韪 (bùwěi) (literary)
* 偏差 (piānchā)
* 問題／问题 (wèntí)
* 失誤／失误 (shīwù)
* 差失 (chāshī)
* 差池
* 差舛 (chāchuǎn) (literary)
* 差誤／差误 (chāwù)
* 差謬／差谬 (chāmiù) (literary)
* 差錯／差错 (chācuò)
* 疏失 (shūshī) (careless mistake)
* 紕繆／纰缪 (pīmiù) (literary)
* 訛／讹 (é) (literary, or in compounds)
* 誤差／误差 (wùchā) (especially in data)
* 誤謬／误谬 (wùmiù) (fallacy)
* 責任／责任 (zérèn)
* 過失／过失 (guòshī)
* 過錯／过错 (guòcuò)
* 錯／错
* 錯誤／错误 (cuòwù)

#### Derived terms

* 謬誤百出／谬误百出