# 藷蔗
## Chinese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Likely from a non-Chinese substrate (tho neither PAN *təbuS nor PAA *klmiəʔ might've been the source.”
Attested earliest in Sima Xiangru's 子虛(之)賦 "Rhapsody of Master Empty" (translation based on van Ess, 2016, 2020), reproduced in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian:
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Qí dōng zé yǒu huì pǔ (héng) lán, zhǐ ruò shègān, qióngqióng chāngpú, jiānglí míwú, zhūzhè bóqiě. [Pinyin]
    In the east (of a mountain in Yunmeng Marsh) lies a cymbidium garden with asarum and orchid, angelica, pollia, and blackberry lily, Szechuan lovage and sweet flag, Szechuan lovage's sprouts, sugar cane and myoga ginger.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhūzhè
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ ㄓㄜˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhūzhè
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄓㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhujhè
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^1$-chê$^4$
*** Yale: jū-jè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jujeh
*** Palladius: чжучжэ (čžučžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsyo tsyaeH
Rime :
| Character | 藷 | 蔗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 章魚切 | 之夜切 |
| Baxter | tsyo | tsyaeH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨʌ/ | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cɨə̆/ | /cia$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭo/ | /t͡ɕĭa$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯wo/ | /t͡ɕi̯a$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhū | zhè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^1$ | ze$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tja tjaːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蔗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyæ$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tAk-s/ |
| English | sugarcane |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 藷 | 蔗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17002 | 11896 |
| Phonetic component | 者 | 庶 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 諸 | 柘 |
| Old Chinese | /*tja/ | /*tjaːɡs/ |
| Notes | | 招魂作柘 |

### Noun

藷蔗
* (archaic) sugar cane
    From: c. the 150s BCE, Sima Xiangru (司馬相如), 《子虛賦》. Translated as Sir Fantasy in Burton Watson (1971) Chinese Rhyme-Prose: Poems in the Fu form from the Han and Six Dynasties periods, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 32.
    Jiānglí míwú, zhūzhè bājū. [Pinyin]
    Selinea and angelica, Sugar cane and ginger.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 蔗, 藷蔗, 甘蔗, 竿蔗 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 甘蔗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 甘蔗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 甘蔗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 甘蔗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 甘蔗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 甘蔗, 甜秫秸 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 甘蔗, 甜甘蔗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 甘蔗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 甘蔗, 甜杆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 甘蔗, 甜蜜稈兒, 甜稈兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 甘蔗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 甘蔗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 甘蔗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 甜甘截子, 甘截子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 甘蔗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 蔗稈 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 甘蔗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 甘蔗, 蔗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 甘蔗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 甘蔗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 蠟蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 蔗, 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 甘蔗 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 蔗 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 甘蔗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 甘蔗 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 甘蔗, 蔗 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 蔗梗 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蔗, 蠟蔗 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 甘蔗, 蔗 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 蔗 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 甘蔗 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 蔗 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 甘蔗 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 甘蔗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 甘蔗, 甜棒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 甘蔗, 甜棒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 甘蔗 |
| Jin | Jining | 甘蔗 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 甘蔗, 甜棒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 甘蔗 |
| Jin | Handan | 甘蔗, 甜杆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 蔗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 蔗, 甘蔗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 蔗 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 蔗 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 蔗 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Teochew) | 竹蔗 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 蔗 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 甘蔗 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 甘蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 甘蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 蔗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 蔗 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 蔗 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 蔗 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 甘蔗 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 甘蔗 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 甘蔗 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 蔗 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 蔗 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 甘蔗 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 甘蔗, 糖蔗 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 甘蔗 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 甘蔗 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 蔗梗子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 甘蔗 |

### References

* ↑ Sima Qian (2016, 2020) “Ssu-ma Hsiang-ju, Memoir 57”, in Hans van Ess, transl., William H. Nienhauser, Jr., editor, The Grand Scribe's Records, volume X, Indiana: Indiana University Press, page 90