# 南面
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nánmiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam$^4$ min$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam$^3$ men$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nàm-mien
* Eastern Min (BUC): nàng-miêng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lâm-bīn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): nam$^5$ ming$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiàn
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$-mien$^4$
*** Yale: nán-myàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiann
*** Palladius: наньмянь (nanʹmjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiànr
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiànr
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$-mien$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: nán-myànr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiall
*** Palladius: наньмяньр (nanʹmjanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naam$^4$ min$^6$
*** Yale: nàahm mihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naam$^4$ min$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nam$^4$ min$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːm²¹ miːn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: nam$^3$ men$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ⁿdam²² ᵐben³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm-mien
*** Hakka Romanization System: nam$^ˇ$ mien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: nam$^2$ mian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ mi̯en⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nàng-miêng
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ miɛŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-bīn
*** Tâi-lô: lâm-bīn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lambin
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² bin²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ bin³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: nam$^5$ ming$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâm mīng
*** Sinological IPA : /nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: nom mjienH
Rime :
| Character | 南 | 面 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 那含切 | 彌箭切 |
| Baxter | nom | mjienH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nʌm/ | /miᴇn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nəm/ | /miɛn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɒm/ | /mjæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nəm/ | /mian$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /nᴀm/ | /miɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /nɒm/ | /mĭɛn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /năm/ | /mi̯ɛn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nán | miàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | naam$^4$ | min$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m C.me[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm mens/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 南 | 面 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nán | miàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nom › | ‹ mjien$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*nˁ[ə]m/ | /*C.me[n]-s/ |
| English | south | face |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 南 | 面 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9355 | 9098 |
| Phonetic component | 南 | 面 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 南 | 面 |
| Old Chinese | /*nuːm/ | /*mens/ |

### Noun

南面
* the south side

#### Usage notes

Since ancient times, the person of importance was expected to sit on the north side of a room facing south.

#### Synonyms

* 南邊／南边 (nánbiān)
* 南方 (nánfāng)
* (Cantonese) 南便
* (Hakka) 南片
* (Hokkien, Teochew) 南爿

#### Coordinate terms

* 東面／东面 (dōngmiàn)
* 西面 (xīmiàn)
* 北面 (běimiàn)

### Verb

南面
* (literary) to be the monarch
* (literary) to be a government official