# 尽きる
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 尽
* つ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 盡きる (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

From Old Japanese tuki$_2$. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, spelled phonetically in man'yōgana as 都奇, and in the Nihonshoki kayō (completed 720 CE) under the phonetic man'yōgana 豆紀.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つきる [tsùkíꜜrù] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡sɨkʲiɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「尽きる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 尽きる | つきる | [tsùkíꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尽きろ | つきろ | [tsùkíꜜrò] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 尽きられる | つきられる | [tsùkíráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 尽きさせる | つきさせる | [tsùkísáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 尽きよう | つきよー | [tsùkíyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 尽きない | つきない | [tsùkíꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 尽きなかった | つきなかった | [tsùkíꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 尽きます | つきます | [tsùkímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 尽きた | つきた | [tsúꜜkìtà] |
| Conjunctive | 尽きて | つきて | [tsúꜜkìtè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尽きれば | つきれば | [tsùkíꜜrèbà] |

### Verb

尽(つ)きる • (tsukiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 尽(つ)き (tsuki), past 尽(つ)きた (tsukita))
Japanese verb pair :
| active | 尽くす |
| mediopassive | 尽きる |
Japanese verb pair :
| active | 尽かす |
| mediopassive | 尽きる |
* to be used up; to be exhausted; to run out; to become depleted

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 尽き | つき | tsuki |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 尽き | つき | tsuki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 尽きる | つきる | tsukiru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 尽きる | つきる | tsukiru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 尽きれ | つきれ | tsukire |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 尽きよ¹ 尽きろ² | つきよ¹ つきろ² | tsukiyo¹ tsukiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 尽きられる | つきられる | tsukirareru |
| Causative | 尽きさせる 尽きさす | つきさせる つきさす | tsukisaseru tsukisasu |
| Potential | 尽きられる 尽きれる³ | つきられる つきれる³ | tsukirareru tsukireru³ |
| Volitional | 尽きよう | つきよう | tsukiyō |
| Negative | 尽きない 尽きぬ 尽きん | つきない つきぬ つきん | tsukinai tsukinu tsukin |
| Negative continuative | 尽きず | つきず | tsukizu |
| Formal | 尽きます | つきます | tsukimasu |
| Perfective | 尽きた | つきた | tsukita |
| Conjunctive | 尽きて | つきて | tsukite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尽きれば | つきれば | tsukireba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential ||||
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 尽き | つき | tuki |
| Continuative (連用形) | 尽き | つき | tuki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 尽く | つく | tuku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 尽くる | つくる | tukuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 尽くれ | つくれ | tukure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尽きよ | つきよ | tukiyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 尽きず | つきず | tukizu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 尽くれど | つくれど | tukuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 尽くれば | つくれば | tukureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 尽きば | つきば | tukiba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 尽きき | つきき | tukiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 尽きけり | つきけり | tukikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 尽きつ | つきつ | tukitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 尽きぬ | つきぬ | tukinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 尽きたり | つきたり | tukitari |
| Volitional | 尽きむ | つきむ | tukimu |

### References

* ↑ c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4458:
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN