# 嚏

| 嚏 | U+568F, &#22159; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-568F |
| ← 嚎 [U+568E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嚐 → [U+5690] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嚏 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 口十月人 (RJBO), four-corner 6408$_1$, composition ⿰口疐)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 212, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4493
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 695, character 16
* Unihan data for U+568F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 啑 | *sraːb, *tiːɡs |
| 疐 | *tiːɡs, *tiɡs |
| 嚏 | *tiːɡs |
| 懥 | *tiɡs, *tjiɡs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 疐 (OC *tiːɡs, *tiɡs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tì (ti$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tai$^3$ / dai$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ti$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): té
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tè
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ti$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tì
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tì
*** Wade–Giles: tʻi$^4$
*** Yale: tì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
*** Palladius: ти (ti)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tai$^3$ / dai$^3$
*** Yale: tai / dai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tai$^3$ / dai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tei$^3$ / dei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐi̯³³/, /tɐi̯³³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ti$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: té
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɛi²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
*** Tâi-lô: tè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dex
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /te²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ti$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: tejH
Rime :
| Character | 嚏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 都計切 |
| Baxter | tejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tei$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tei$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tei$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tiei$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tiei$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ˤi[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tiːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嚏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[t]ˁi[t]-s/ (< *t.lˁ-?) |
| English | sneeze |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嚏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17391 |
| Phonetic component | 疐 |
| Rime group | 至 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 帝 |
| Old Chinese | /*tiːɡs/ |

### Definitions

嚏
* to sneeze

### Compounds

* 噴嚏／喷嚏 (pēntì)
* 嚏噴／嚏喷
* 打噴嚏／打喷嚏 (dǎ pēntì)
* 打嚏噴／打嚏喷
* 阿嚏 (ātì)
* 鼽嚏 (qiútì)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* sneeze

#### Readings

* Go-on: たい (tai)
* Kan-on: てい (tei)
* Kun: くさめ (kusame, 嚏)、くっさめ (kussame, 嚏)、くしゃみ (kushami, 嚏)、はなひる (hanahiru, 嚏ひる)、ひる (hiru, 嚏る)

#### Compounds

* 嚏(はなひり)の木(き) (hanahiri no ki)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 嚏
* くさめ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 嚏
* くしゃみ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 嚏
* くっさめ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 嚏
* ふ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 嚏 – see the following entry. :
| 【嚔くしゃみ】H | [noun] a sneeze |
| 【嚔くさめ】H | [noun] a sneeze |
| 【嚔くっさめ】H | [noun] a sneeze [noun] an achoo |
| 【嚔ふ】H | [verb] (obsolete) to sneeze |
(This term, 嚏, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

嚏 • (che) (hangeul 체, revised che, McCune–Reischauer ch'e)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嚏: Hán Nôm readings: xì
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation