# 和解
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): héjiě
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄝˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wo$^4$ gaai$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fò-kié / fò-kiái
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hô-kái
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hua$^5$ goi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: héjiě
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: héjiě
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-chieh$^3$
*** Yale: hé-jyě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: herjiee
*** Palladius: хэцзе (xɛcze)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wo$^4$ gaai$^2$
*** Yale: wòh gáai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wo$^4$ gaai$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wo$^4$ gai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔː²¹ kaːi̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fò-kié
*** Hakka Romanization System: fo$^ˇ$ gie$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fo$^2$ gie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fo¹¹ ki̯e³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fò-kiái
*** Hakka Romanization System: fo$^ˇ$ giai$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fo$^2$ giai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fo¹¹ ki̯ai̯³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-kái
*** Tâi-lô: hô-kái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'kae
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² kai⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² kai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² kai⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ kai⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ kai⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hua$^5$ goi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ kói
*** Sinological IPA : /hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ koi⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: hwa keaX
Rime :
| Character | 和 | 解 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 戸戈切 | 佳買切 |
| Baxter | hwa | keaX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuɑ/ | /kˠɛ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuɑ/ | /kᵚæ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɑ/ | /kæi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwa/ | /kaɨj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɑ/ | /kɛ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuɑ/ | /kai$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuɑ/ | /kai$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huó | jiǎ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wo$^4$ | gaai$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤoj kˤreʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːl kreːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 和 | 解 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé | jiě |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwa › | ‹ kɛ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ˁoj/ | /*kˁreʔ/ |
| English | harmonious | cut up; unloose |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 和 | 解 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/4 |
| No. | 4932 | 6474 |
| Phonetic component | 禾 | 解 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 和 | 解 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡoːl/ | /*kreːʔ/ |

### Verb

和解
* to become reconciled; to make peace
* (law) to reach a settlement; to settle (a dispute)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 和(わ)解(かい) (wakai)
* → Korean: 화해(和解) (hwahae)
* → Vietnamese: hoà giải (和解)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 和 | 解 |
| わ Grade: 3 | かい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) わかい [wàkáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [β̞a̠ka̠i]

### Noun

和(わ)解(かい) • (wakai)
* reconciliation
* compromise

### Verb

和(わ)解(かい)する • (wakai suru) intransitive suru (stem 和(わ)解(かい)し (wakai shi), past 和(わ)解(かい)した (wakai shita))
* be reconciled
* compromise; be settled

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 和解し | わかいし | wakai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 和解し | わかいし | wakai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 和解する | わかいする | wakai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 和解する | わかいする | wakai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 和解すれ | わかいすれ | wakai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 和解せよ¹ 和解しろ² | わかいせよ¹ わかいしろ² | wakai seyo¹ wakai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 和解される | わかいされる | wakai sareru |
| Causative | 和解させる 和解さす | わかいさせる わかいさす | wakai saseru wakai sasu |
| Potential | 和解できる | わかいできる | wakai dekiru |
| Volitional | 和解しよう | わかいしよう | wakai shiyō |
| Negative | 和解しない | わかいしない | wakai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 和解せず | わかいせず | wakai sezu |
| Formal | 和解します | わかいします | wakai shimasu |
| Perfective | 和解した | わかいした | wakai shita |
| Conjunctive | 和解して | わかいして | wakai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 和解すれば | わかいすれば | wakai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 和 | 解 |

### Noun

和解 • (hwahae) (hangeul 화해)
* hanja form of 화해

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 和 | 解 |

### Verb

和解
* chữ Hán form of hoà giải (“to conciliate”).