# ⲓϣⲓ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲉⲓϣⲉ (eiše) — Sahidic
* ⲉⲓⳉⲉ (eixe) — Akhmimic

### Etymology

From Demotic ꜥḫj (“to hang up”), from Egyptian ꜥḫj (“to lift”).

### Verb

ⲓϣⲓ • (iši) (nominal state (B) ⲉϣ-, pronominal state ⲁϣ⸗, stative (B) ⲁϣⲓ, (F) ⲉϣⲓ)
* (Bohairic, Fayyumic, transitive) to hang
* (Bohairic, Fayyumic, intransitive) to be hung

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲓϣⲓ iši | imperative | affirmative | ⲓϣⲓ iši |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲓϣⲓ štemiši | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲓϣⲓ m̀periši |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲓϣⲓ tiiši | ⲕⲓϣⲓ kiši | ⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ teiši | ϥⲓϣⲓ fiši | ⲥⲓϣⲓ siši | ⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ teniši | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ teteniši | ⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ seiši | ⲓϣⲓ iši |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ eiiši | ⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ ekiši | ⲉⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ ereiši | ⲉϥⲓϣⲓ efiši | ⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ esiši | ⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eniši | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ereteniši | ⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ euiši | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ere- iši |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲓϣⲓ etiiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etekiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ eteiši | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etefiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etesiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eteniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eteteniši | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etouiši | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ete- iši |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ naiiši | ⲛⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ nakiši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ nareiši | ⲛⲁϥⲓϣⲓ nafiši | ⲛⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ nasiši | ⲛⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ naniši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nareteniši | ⲛⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ nauiši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nare- iši |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ areiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ areteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ are- iši |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ tinaiši | ⲭⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ khnaiši | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲓϣⲓ teraiši | ϥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ fnaiši | ⲥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ snaiši | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ tennaiši | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ tetennaiši | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ senaiši | ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ naiši |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ einaiši | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ekhnaiši | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ erenaiši | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ efnaiši | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ esnaiši | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ennaiši | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ eretennaiši | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ eunaiši | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ere- naiši |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etinaiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etekhnaiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etenaiši | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etefnaiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etesnaiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etennaiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etetennaiši | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ etounaiši | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ete- naiši |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nainaiši | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nakhnaiši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ narenaiši | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nafnaiši | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nasnaiši | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nannaiši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ naretennaiši | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ naunaiši | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nare- naiši |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ainaiši | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ akhnaiši | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ arenaiši | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ afnaiši | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ asnaiši | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ annaiši | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ aretennaiši | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ aunaiši | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ are- naiši |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ areiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ateteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ a- iši |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ m̀piiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ m̀pekiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ m̀peiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ m̀pefiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ m̀pesiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀peniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀peteniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ m̀pouiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ m̀pe- iši |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ eaiiši | ⲉⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ eakiši | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ eareiši | ⲉⲁϥⲓϣⲓ eafiši | ⲉⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ easiši | ⲉⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ eaniši | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eateteniši | ⲉⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ eauiši | ⲉⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ ea- iši |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ em̀piiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ em̀pekiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ em̀peiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ em̀pefiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ em̀pesiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀peniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀peteniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ em̀pouiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ em̀pe- iši |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ etaiiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ etakiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ etareiši | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓϣⲓ etafiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ etasiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ etaniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etareteniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ etauiši | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ eta- iši |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ etm̀piiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etm̀pekiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ etm̀peiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etm̀pefiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etm̀pesiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀peniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀peteniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etm̀pouiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etm̀pe- iši |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ neaiiši | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ neakiši | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ neareiši | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲓϣⲓ neafiši | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ neasiši | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ neaniši | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ neateteniši | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ neauiši | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ nea- iši |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ nem̀piiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nem̀pekiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ nem̀peiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nem̀pefiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nem̀pesiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nem̀peniši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nem̀peteniši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ nem̀pouiši | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nem̀pe- iši |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ etaiiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ etakiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ etareiši | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓϣⲓ etafiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ etasiši | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ etaniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etareteniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ etauiši | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ eta- iši |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ m̀patiiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ m̀patekiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ m̀pateiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ m̀patefiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ m̀patesiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀pateniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀pateteniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ m̀patouiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ m̀pate- iši |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ em̀patiiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ em̀patekiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ em̀pateiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ em̀patefiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ em̀patesiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀pateniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀pateteniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ em̀patouiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ em̀pate- iši |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ etm̀patiiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etm̀patekiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ etm̀pateiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etm̀patefiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etm̀patesiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀pateniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀pateteniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etm̀patouiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etm̀pate- iši |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ nam̀patiiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nam̀patekiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ nam̀pateiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nam̀patefiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nam̀patesiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nam̀pateniši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nam̀pateteniši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ nam̀patouiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nam̀pate- iši |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ šaiiši | ϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ šakiši | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ šareiši | ϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ šafiši | ϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ šasiši | ϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ šaniši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šateteniši | ϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ šauiši | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ šare- iši |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ m̀paiiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ m̀pakiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ m̀pareiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲓϣⲓ m̀pafiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ m̀pasiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀paniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀pareteniši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ m̀pauiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ m̀pare- iši |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ ešaiiši | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ ešakiši | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ ešareiši | ⲉϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ ešafiši | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ ešasiši | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ ešaniši | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ešateteniši | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ešauiši | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ešare- iši |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ em̀paiiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ em̀pakiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ em̀pareiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲓϣⲓ em̀pafiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ em̀pasiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀paniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀pareteniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ em̀pauiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ em̀pare- iši |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ etšaiiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ etšakiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ etšareiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ etšafiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ etšasiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ etšaniši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etšateteniši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ etšauiši | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etšare- iši |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ etm̀paiiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ etm̀pakiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ etm̀pareiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲓϣⲓ etm̀pafiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ etm̀pasiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀paniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etm̀pareteniši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ etm̀pauiši | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etm̀pare- iši |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ našaiiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ našakiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ našareiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ našafiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ našasiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ našaniši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ našateteniši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ našauiši | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ našare- iši |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ nam̀paiiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ nam̀pakiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ nam̀pareiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲓϣⲓ nam̀pafiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ nam̀pasiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ nam̀paniši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nam̀pareteniši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ nam̀pauiši | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nam̀pare- iši |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ em̀paiiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ em̀pakiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ em̀pareiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲓϣⲓ em̀pafiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ em̀pasiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀paniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ em̀pareteniši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ em̀pauiši | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ em̀pare- iši |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲓϣⲓ eieiši | ⲉⲕⲉⲓϣⲓ ekeiši | ⲉⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ ereiši | ⲉϥⲉⲓϣⲓ efeiši | ⲉⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ eseiši | ⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eneiši | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ ereteneiši | ⲉⲩⲉⲓϣⲓ eueiši | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ere- iši |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ ǹnaiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ ǹnekiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ ǹneiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲓϣⲓ ǹnefiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ ǹnesiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ǹneniši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ǹneteniši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ ǹnouiši | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ǹne- iši |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲓϣⲓ mariiši | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲓϣⲓ marefiši | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ maresiši | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mareniši | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ marouiši | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ mare- iši |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲓϣⲓ m̀penthriiši | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲓϣⲓ m̀penthrefiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ m̀penthresiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ m̀penthreniši | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ m̀penthreuiši | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ m̀penthre- iši |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲓϣⲓ ǹtaiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ ǹtekiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ ǹteiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ ǹtefiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ ǹtesiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ǹteniši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ǹteteniši | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ ǹseiši, ǹtouiši | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ǹte- iši |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲓϣⲓ tariiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ tarekiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ tareiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲓϣⲓ tarefiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ taresiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ tareniši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ tareteniši | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ tarouiši | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ tare- iši |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲓϣⲓ šatiiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ šatekiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ šateiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ šatefiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ šatesiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šateniši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šateteniši | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ šatouiši | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ šate- iši |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aišaniši | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ akšaniši | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ arešaniši | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ afšaniši | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ asšaniši | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ anšaniši | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aretenšaniši | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aušaniši | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲓϣⲓ arešan- iši |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲣⲉⲓϣⲓ areiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ areteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ are- iši |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲓϣⲓ iši | imperative | affirmative | ⲓϣⲓ iši |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲓϣⲓ štemiši | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲓϣⲓ, ⲡⲉⲗⲓϣⲓ mpeliši, peliši |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲓϣⲓ tiiši | ⲕⲓϣⲓ kiši | ⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ teiši | ϥⲓϣⲓ fiši | ⲥⲓϣⲓ siši | ⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ teniši | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ teteniši | ⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ seiši | ⲓϣⲓ iši |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ eiiši | ⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ ekiši | ⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ eleiši | ⲉϥⲓϣⲓ efiši | ⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ esiši | ⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eniši | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eleteniši | ⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ euiši | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ele- iši |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲓϣⲓ etiiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etekiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ eteiši | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etefiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etesiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eteniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eteteniši | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etouiši | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ete- iši, etele- iši |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ naiiši | ⲛⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ nakiši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ naleiši | ⲛⲁϥⲓϣⲓ nafiši | ⲛⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ nasiši | ⲛⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ naniši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ naleteniši | ⲛⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ nauiši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nale- iši |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ aleiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ aleteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ale- iši |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ tineiši | ⲕⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ kneiši | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ teneiši | ϥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ fneiši | ⲥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ sneiši | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ tenneiši | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ tetenneiši | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ seneiši | ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ neiši |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eineiši | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ ekneiši | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eleneiši | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ efneiši | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ esneiši | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ enneiši | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eletenneiši | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ euneiši | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ ele- neiši |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etineiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etekneiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eteneiši | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etefneiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etesneiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etenneiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etetenneiši | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etouneiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ etele- neiši |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ naineiši | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nakneiši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ naleneiši | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nafneiši | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nasneiši | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nanneiši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ naletenneiši | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nauneiši | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nale- neiši |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ aineiši | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ akneiši | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ aleneiši | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ afneiši | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ asneiši | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ anneiši | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ aletenneiši | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ auneiši | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ ale- neiši |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ aleiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ateteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ a- iši |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ mpiiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ mpekiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ mpeiši | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ mpefiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ mpesiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mpeniši | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mpeteniši | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ mpouiši | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ mpe- iši |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ eaiiši | ⲉⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ eakiši | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ ealeiši | ⲉⲁϥⲓϣⲓ eafiši | ⲉⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ easiši | ⲉⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ eaniši | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ eateteniši | ⲉⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ eauiši | ⲉⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ ea- iši |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ empiiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ empekiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ empeiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ empefiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ empesiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ empeniši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ empeteniši | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ empouiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ empe- iši |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ ntaiiši | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ ntakiši | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ ntaleiši | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲓϣⲓ ntafiši | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ ntasiši | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ ntaniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etaleteniši | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ntauiši | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ nta- iši |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ etempiiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etempekiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ etempeiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etempefiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etempesiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etempeniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etempeteniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etempouiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etempe- iši |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ nneaiiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ nneakiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ nnealeiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲓϣⲓ nneafiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ nneasiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ nneaniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nneateteniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ nneauiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ nnea- iši |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓϣⲓ nnempiiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nnempekiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓϣⲓ nnempeiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nnempefiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nnempesiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnempeniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnempeteniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ nnempouiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nnempe- iši |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aaiiši | ⲁⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ aakiši | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ aaleiši | ⲁⲁϥⲓϣⲓ aafiši | ⲁⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ aasiši | ⲁⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aaniši | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etaleteniši | ⲁⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ aauiši | ⲁⲁ- ⲓϣⲓ aa- iši |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ mpatiiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ mpatekiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ mpateiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ mpatefiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ mpatesiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mpateniši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mpateteniši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ mpatouiši | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ mpate- iši |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ empatiiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ empatekiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ empateiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ empatefiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ empatesiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ empateniši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ empateteniši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ empatouiši | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ empate- iši |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ etempatiiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etempatekiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ etempateiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etempatefiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etempatesiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etempateniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etempateteniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ etempatouiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etempate- iši |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓϣⲓ nnempatiiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nnempatekiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ nnempateiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nnempatefiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nnempatesiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnempateniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnempateteniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ nnempatouiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nnempate- iši |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ šaiiši | ϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ šakiši | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ šaleiši | ϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ šafiši | ϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ šasiši | ϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ šaniši | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šateteniši | ϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ šauiši | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ šale- iši |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ meiiši | ⲙⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ mekiši | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ meleiši | ⲙⲉϥⲓϣⲓ mefiši | ⲙⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ mesiši | ⲙⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ meniši | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ meleteniši | ⲙⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ meuiši | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ mele- iši |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ ešaiiši | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ ešakiši | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ ešaleiši | ⲉϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ ešafiši | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ ešasiši | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ ešaniši | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ ešateteniši | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ešauiši | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ešale- iši |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ emeiiši | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ emekiši | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ emeleiši | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲓϣⲓ emefiši | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ emesiši | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ emeniši | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ emeleteniši | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ emeuiši | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ emele- iši |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ etešaiiši, nšaiiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ etešakiši, nšakiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ etešaleiši, nšaleiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ etešafiši, nšafiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ etešasiši, nšasiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ etešaniši, nšaniši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etešateteniši, nšateteniši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ etešauiši, nšauiši | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etešale- iši, nšale- iši |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ etemeiiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ etemekiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ etemeleiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲓϣⲓ etemefiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ etemesiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etemeniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ etemeleteniši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ etemeuiši | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ etemele- iši |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ nnešaiiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ nnešakiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ nnešaleiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲓϣⲓ nnešafiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ nnešasiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ nnešaniši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnešateteniši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ nnešauiši | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nnešale- iši |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ nnemeiiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nnemekiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ nnemeleiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nnemefiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nnemesiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnemeniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nnemeleteniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ nnemeuiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nnemele- iši |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲓϣⲓ nmeiiši | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nmekiši | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ nmeleiši | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nmefiši | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nmesiši | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nmeniši | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nmeleteniši | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ nmeuiši | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nmele- iši |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲓϣⲓ eieiši | ⲉⲕⲉⲓϣⲓ ekeiši | ⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ eleiši | ⲉϥⲉⲓϣⲓ efeiši | ⲉⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ eseiši | ⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eneiši | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ eleteneiši | ⲉⲩⲉⲓϣⲓ eueiši | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ele- iši |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲓϣⲓ nnaiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ nnekiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲓϣⲓ nneiši | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓϣⲓ nnefiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ nnesiši | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nneniši | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nneteniši | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ nnouiši | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nne- iši |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲓϣⲓ maliiši | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲓϣⲓ malefiši | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ malesiši | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ maleniši | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ malouiši | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ male- iši |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲓϣⲓ mpeltriiši | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲓϣⲓ mpeltrefiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ mpeltresiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ mpeltreniši | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲓϣⲓ mpeltreuiši | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ mpeltre- iši |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲓϣⲓ taiši, ntaiši | ⲛⲕⲓϣⲓ nkiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ nteiši | ⲛϥⲓϣⲓ nfiši | ⲛⲥⲓϣⲓ nsiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nteniši | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nteteniši | ⲛⲥⲉⲓϣⲓ nseiši | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ nte- iši |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲓϣⲓ taliiši, ntaliiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ talekiši, ntalekiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ taleiši, ntaleiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲓϣⲓ talefiši, ntalefiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ talesiši, ntalesiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ taleniši, ntaleniši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ taleteniši, ntaleteniši | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ talouiši, ntalouiši | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ tale- iši, ntale- iši |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲓϣⲓ nteliiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ ntelekiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ nteleiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲓϣⲓ ntelefiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ ntelesiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nteleniši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ nteleteniši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ ntelouiši | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ntele- iši |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲓϣⲓ šantiiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲓϣⲓ šantekiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲓϣⲓ šanteiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲓϣⲓ šantefiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲓϣⲓ šantesiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šanteniši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ šanteteniši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓϣⲓ šantouiši | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ šante- iši |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ eišaniši | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ ekšaniši | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ elešaniši | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ efšaniši | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ esšaniši | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ enšaniši | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ eletenšaniši | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ eušaniši | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲓϣⲓ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲓϣⲓ elešan- iši, elšan- iši |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲓϣⲓ aiiši | ⲁⲕⲓϣⲓ akiši | ⲁⲗⲉⲓϣⲓ aleiši | ⲁϥⲓϣⲓ afiši | ⲁⲥⲓϣⲓ asiši | ⲁⲛⲓϣⲓ aniši | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓϣⲓ aleteniši | ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ auiši | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓϣⲓ ale- iši |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN