# उद्विग्न
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उद्विग्न (udvigna).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʊd̪.ʋɪɡ.nᵊ/, [ʊd̪.wɪɡ.nᵊ]

### Adjective

उद्विग्न • (udvigna) (indeclinable)
* anxious, perturbed, disturbed
* grieving

### Further reading

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “उद्विग्न”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “उद्विग्न”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “उद्विग्न”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उद्विग्न (udvigna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ud̪.ʋiɡ.nə/

### Adjective

उद्विग्न • (udvigna) (indeclinable)
* anxious, nervous
* disturbed, discomposed
* dejected, despondent

### References

* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “उद्विग्न”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “उद्विग्न”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* উদ্বিগ্ন (Assamese script)
* ᬉᬤ᭄ᬯᬶᬕ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
* উদ্বিগ্ন (Bengali script)
* 𑰄𑰟𑰿𑰪𑰰𑰐𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ဥဒွိဂ္န (Burmese script)
* ઉદ્વિગ્ન (Gujarati script)
* ਉਦ੍ਵਿਗ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌉𑌦𑍍𑌵𑌿𑌗𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦈꦢ꧀ꦮꦶꦒ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂇𑂠𑂹𑂫𑂱𑂏𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ಉದ್ವಿಗ್ನ (Kannada script)
* ឧទ្វិគ្ន (Khmer script)
* ອຸທ຺ວິຄ຺ນ (Lao script)
* ഉദ്വിഗ്ന (Malayalam script)
* ᡠᡩᠣᠸᡳᡤᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘄𑘟𑘿𑘪𑘱𑘐𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᠤᢑᠸᠢᠺᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦤𑦿𑧠𑧊𑧒𑦰𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐄𑐡𑑂𑐰𑐶𑐐𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
* ଉଦ୍ଵିଗ୍ନ (Odia script)
* ꢆꢣ꣄ꢮꢶꢔ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆇𑆢𑇀𑆮𑆴𑆓𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖄𑖟𑖿𑖪𑖰𑖐𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
* උද්‍විග‍්න (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩒𑩭 𑪙𑩾𑩑𑩞 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚄𑚛𑚶𑚦𑚮𑚌𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
* உத்³விக்³ந (Tamil script)
* ఉద్విగ్న (Telugu script)
* อุทฺวิคฺน (Thai script)
* ཨུ་དྭི་གྣ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒅𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒱𑒑𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨃𑨛𑩇𑨭𑨁𑨍𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From उद्- (ud-) +‎ विग्न (vigna, “terrified, alarmed”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ud.ʋiɡ.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ud̪ˈʋiɡ.n̪ɐ/

### Adjective

उद्विग्न • (udvigna) stem
* sorrowful, grieving for
* anxious, nervous
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.4.2:ते तु तूर्णमुपव्रज्य देवक्या गर्भजन्म तत्। आचख्युर्भोजराजाय यद्उद्विग्नः प्रतीक्षते॥te tu tūrṇamupavrajya devakyā garbhajanma tat. ācakhyurbhojarājāya yadudvignaḥ pratīkṣate.Thereafter, all the watchmen very quickly approached King Kaṃsa, the ruler of the Bhoja dynasty, and submitted the news of the birth of Devakī’s child. Anxious Kaṃsa, who was waiting for this news, immediately took action.
* shuddering, disturbed, frightened, terrified,
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.45.8:तन्नावकल्पयोः कंसान्नित्यम्उद्विग्नचेतसोः। मोघमेते व्यतिक्रान्ता दिवसा वामनर्चतोः॥tannāvakalpayoḥ kaṃsānnityamudvignacetasoḥ. moghamete vyatikrāntā divasā vāmanarcatoḥ.Thus we have wasted all these days, unable as we were to properly honor you because our minds were always disturbed by fear of Kaṃsa.
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.5.12:बह्वेवम्उद्विग्नद‍ृशोच्यमाने जनेन दक्षस्य मुहुर्महात्मनः। उत्पेतुरुत्पाततमाः सहस्रशो भयावहा दिवि भूमौ च पर्यक्॥While all the people talked amongst themselves, with nervous glances, Dakṣa saw dangerous omens from all sides, from the earth and from the sky.
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.4.32:किमुद्यमैः करिष्यन्ति देवाः समरभीरवः। नित्यम्उद्विग्नमनसो ज्याघोषैर्धनुषस्तव॥kimudyamaiḥ kariṣyanti devāḥ samarabhīravaḥ. nityamudvignamanaso jyāghoṣairdhanuṣastava.The devas always fear the sound of your bowstring. They are anxious, afraid of fighting. Therefore, what can they do by their endeavors to harm you?

#### Descendants

* Pali: ubbigga
* Prakrit: 𑀉𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀕 (uvvigga), 𑀉𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡 (uvviṇṇa)

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “उद्विग्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 192.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “उद्विग्न”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “उद्विग्न”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “udvigna”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press