# 哀戚
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): āiqī
    (Zhuyin): ㄞ ㄑㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): oi$^1$ cik$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: āiqī
*** Zhuyin: ㄞ ㄑㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: aici
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^1$-chʻi$^1$
*** Yale: āi-chī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aichi
*** Palladius: айци (ajci)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: oi$^1$ cik$^1$
*** Yale: ōi chīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: oi$^1$ tsik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: oi$^1$ qig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɪk̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'oj tshek
Rime :
| Character | 哀 | 戚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | IV |
| Fanqie | 烏開切 | 倉歷切 |
| Baxter | 'oj | tshek |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔʌi/ | /t͡sʰek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəi/ | /t͡sʰek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɒi/ | /t͡sʰɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəj/ | /t͡sʰɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔᴀi/ | /t͡sʰek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɒi/ | /t͡sʰiek̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔɑ̆i/ | /t͡sʰiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | āi | qi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | oi$^1$ | cik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤəj s.tʰˤiwk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qɯːl sʰlɯːwɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 哀 | 戚 | 戚 | 戚 | 戚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | āi | qī | qī | qī | qī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔoj › | ‹ tshek › | ‹ tshek › | ‹ tshek › | ‹ tshek › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁəj/ | /*s.tʰˁiwk/ | /*s.tʰˁiwk/ | /*s.tʰˁiwk/ | /*s.tʰˁiwk/ |
| English | to pity; sad | (in "toad") | relatives | kind of battle axe | worried; sad; depressed |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 哀 | 戚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14835 | 11729 |
| Phonetic component | 衣 | 尗 |
| Rime group | 微 | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 哀 | 戚 |
| Old Chinese | /*qɯːl/ | /*sʰlɯːwɢ/ |

### Adjective

哀戚
* (literary) full of grief and sorrow

#### Synonyms

* 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
* 傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
* 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
* 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
* 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
* 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
* 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
* 刺心 (cìxīn)
* 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
* 哀切 (āiqiè)
* 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
* 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
* 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
* 哀痛 (āitòng)
* 心酸 (xīnsuān)
* 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
* 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
* 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
* 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
* 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
* 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
* 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
* 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
* 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
* 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
* 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
* 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
* 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
* 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
* 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
* 悲戚 (bēiqī)
* 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
* 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
* 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
* 悲痛 (bēitòng)
* 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
* 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
* 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
* 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
* 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
* 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
* 慘／惨 (cǎn)
* 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
* 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
* 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
* 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
* 慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
* 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
* 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
* 沉痛 (chéntòng)
* 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
* 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
* 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
* 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
* 淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
* 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
* 痛心 (tòngxīn)
* 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
* 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
* 酸心 (suānxīn)
* 難受／难受 (nánshòu)
* 難過／难过 (nánguò)
* 青凊 (Hokkien)
* 黯然 (ànrán)