# 曠日持久
## Chinese

| | | for many days; wasting many days | long-lasting; lasting; long-termlong-lasting; lasting; long-term; enduring; protracted; extended |
| trad. (曠日持久) | trad. (曠日持久) | 曠日 | 持久 |
| simp. (旷日持久) | simp. (旷日持久) | 旷日 | 持久 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuàngrìchíjiǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄔˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong$^3$ jat$^6$ ci$^4$ gau$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuàngrìchíjiǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄔˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuàngrìhchíhjiǒu
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuang$^4$-jih$^4$-chʻih$^2$-chiu$^3$
*** Yale: kwàng-r̀-chŕ-jyǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuanqryhchyrjeou
*** Palladius: куанжичицзю (kuanžičiczju)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwong$^3$ jat$^6$ ci$^4$ gau$^2$
*** Yale: kwong yaht chìh gáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwong$^3$ jat$^9$ tsi$^4$ gau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuong$^3$ yed$^6$ qi$^4$ geo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚² t͡sʰiː²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: khwangH nyit dri kjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 日 (38) | 澄 (11) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 質 (48) | 之 (19) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 苦謗切 | 人質切 | 直之切 | 舉有切 |
| Baxter | khwangH | nyit | dri | kjuwX |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰwɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵiɪt̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰʷɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵit̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kiu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰuɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑjet̚/ | /ȡie/ | /kiəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰwaŋ$^H$/ | /ȵit̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kuw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰuɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵiĕt̚/ | /ȡiə/ | /kiu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰuɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑĭĕt̚/ | /ȡĭə/ | /kĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰwɑŋ$^H$/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/ | /ȡʱi/ | /ki̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuàng | rì | chí | jiǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^3$ | jat$^6$ | ci$^4$ | gau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-m̥]ˤaŋ-s C.nik [d]rə [k]ʷəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaːŋs njiɡ l'ɯ kʷlɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kuàng | rì | chí | jiǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khwang$^H$ › | ‹ nyit › | ‹ dri › | ‹ kjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k-m̥]ˁaŋ-s/ | /*C.nik/ | /*[d]rə/ | /*[k]ʷəʔ/ |
| English | desolate, waste | sun; day | grasp, hold | a long time |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 5373 | 10845 | 12031 | 6969 |
| Phonetic component | 黄 | 日 | 寺 | 久 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 質 | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 曠 | 日 | 治 | 久 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰʷaːŋs/ | /*njiɡ/ | /*l'ɯ/ | /*kʷlɯʔ/ |

### Idiom

曠日持久
* long-drawn-out; protracted
    From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
    Yǒu hào liè zhě, kuàngrìchíjiǔ ér bùdé shòu. [Pinyin]
    There was a man fond of hunting who was not able to catch game for a long time.