# 戰士
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhànshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄢˋ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^3$ si$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chan-sṳ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiàn-sǐr / chiàn-sū
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsoe-zy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhànshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˋ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhànshìh
*** Wade–Giles: chan$^4$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: jàn-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jannshyh
*** Palladius: чжаньши (čžanʹši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$戰事／战事 戰士／战士
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^3$ si$^6$
*** Yale: jin sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^3$ si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^3$ xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn³³ siː²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$戰事／战事 戰士／战士
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chan-sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: zan sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zan$^4$ si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡san⁵⁵ sɨ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàn-sǐr
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàn-sǐr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàn-sū
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàn-sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciernsu
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁵³ su²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsoe-zy
*** MiniDict: tsoe$^去$ zy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsoe-zr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³³ zz̩⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsyenH dzriX
Rime :
| Character | 戰 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 之膳切 | 鉏里切 |
| Baxter | tsyenH | dzriX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇn$^H$/ | /d͡ʒɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛn$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjæn$^H$/ | /d͡ʒie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cian$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛn$^H$/ | /d͡ʒiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛn$^H$/ | /d͡ʒĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛn$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐʱi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhàn | zhì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^3$ | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tar-s [m-s-]rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjans zrɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 戰 | 士 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhàn | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyen$^H$ › | ‹ dzri$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tar-s/ | /*[m-s-]rəʔ/ |
| English | battle | officer; gentleman |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戰 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2019 | 11511 |
| Phonetic component | 單 | 士 |
| Rime group | 元 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 戰 | 士 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjans/ | /*zrɯʔ/ |

### Noun

戰士
* soldier; combatant
* warrior; fighter

#### Synonyms

* (soldier):
* 兵人 (bīngrén) (literary)
* 兵仔 (Hakka, Hokkien)
* 兵勇 (bīngyǒng) (dated)
* 兵卒 (bīngzú) (dated)
* 兵員／兵员 (bīngyuán)
* 兵士 (bīngshì)
* 兵跤仔 (Hokkien, dated)
* 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
* 士兵 (shìbīng)
* 士卒 (shìzú) (archaic)
* 大兵 (dàbīng) (dated, sometimes derogatory)
* 師徒／师徒 (shītú) (Classical Chinese)
* 旌旗 (jīngqí) (figurative, literary)
* 武人 (wǔrén)
* 武士 (wǔshì)
* 武夫 (wǔfū) (literary)
* 營兵／营兵 (Hokkien, dated)
* 甲士 (jiǎshì) (archaic)
* 軍人／军人 (jūnrén)
* 軍士／军士 (jūnshì)
* (warrior):
* 健兒／健儿 (jiàn'ér)
* 勇士 (yǒngshì)
* 壯士／壮士 (zhuàngshì)
* 武人 (wǔrén)
* 武士 (wǔshì)
* 猛士 (měngshì)
* 虎賁／虎贲 (hǔbēn) (archaic)
* 鬥士／斗士 (dòushì)

#### Derived terms

* 國際主義戰士／国际主义战士
* 武警戰士／武警战士
* 狂戰士／狂战士
* 白衣戰士／白衣战士 (báiyī zhànshì)
* 社會正義戰士／社会正义战士 (shèhuì zhèngyì zhànshì)
* 自由戰士／自由战士 (zìyóu zhànshì)
* 邊防戰士／边防战士
* 鋼鐵戰士／钢铁战士
* 陣亡戰士紀念日／阵亡战士纪念日

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 戦(せん)士(し) (senshi)
* → Korean: 전사(戰士) (jeonsa)
* → Vietnamese: chiến sĩ (戰士)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 戰 | 士 |
| せん Jinmeiyō | し Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 戰士 – see the following entry. :
| 【戦士せんし】 | [noun] a soldier, a combatant, a warrior |
(This term, 戰士, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 戰 | 士 |

### Noun

戰士 • (jeonsa or McCune-Reischauer: chŏnsa or Yale: cēnsa) (hangeul 전사)
* hanja form of 전사 (“warrior”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 戰 | 士 |

### Noun

戰士
* chữ Hán form of chiến sĩ (“warrior”).