# 啖

| 啖 | U+5556, &#21846; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5556 |
| ← 啕 [U+5555] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 啗 → [U+5557] |

## Translingual
### Han character

啖 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口火火 (RFF), four-corner 6908$_9$, composition ⿰口炎)
* eat, feed
* chew, bite
* entice

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 196, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3824
* Dae Jaweon: page 417, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 646, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5556

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 倓 | *l'oːmʔ, *l'aːm, *l'aːms |
| 緂 | *l̥ʰaːm, *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam |
| 毯 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ |
| 菼 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ |
| 裧 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam, *l̥ʰjams |
| 賧 | *l̥ʰaːms |
| 睒 | *l̥ʰaːms, *hljamʔ |
| 舕 | *l̥ʰaːms |
| 談 | *l'aːm |
| 郯 | *l'aːm |
| 惔 | *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms |
| 錟 | *l'aːm |
| 淡 | *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ |
| 痰 | *l'aːm |
| 餤 | *l'aːm |
| 啖 | *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms |
| 腅 | *l'aːms |
| 剡 | *ɦljamʔ, *lamʔ |
| 覢 | *hljamʔ |
| 掞 | *hljams |
| 炎 | *ɦlam |
| 琰 | *lamʔ |
| 棪 | *lamʔ |
| 扊 | *lamʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàn (dan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daam$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tam
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^4$
*** Yale: dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daam$^6$
*** Yale: daahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dam$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːm²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tam
*** Tâi-lô: tam
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dafm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tam³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: damX, damH
Rime :
| Character | 啖 | 啖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 徒敢切 | 徒濫切 |
| Baxter | damX | damH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dam$^X$/ | /dam$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑm$^X$/ | /dʱɑm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dàn | dàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | daam$^6$ | daam$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-rˤamʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːmʔ/, /*l'aːms/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 啖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dam$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-rˁamʔ/ |
| English | eat |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 啖 | 啖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 14301 | 14306 |
| Phonetic component | 炎 | 炎 |
| Rime group | 談 | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 噉 | 憺 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːmʔ/ | /*l'aːms/ |

### Definitions

啖
* to eat; to dine
* to feed (someone/something)
* to entice with the promise of profits; to lure with money
* (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua) Classifier for mouthfuls of things (water, rice, etc.)
       ngo$^5$ soeng$^2$ jam$^2$ daam$^6$ seoi$^2$. [Jyutping]
       I want to drink a mouthful of water.
* (Cantonese) Classifier for kisses.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 口 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 口, 口兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 口 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 口 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 口 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 口 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 口 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 口 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 口 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 口 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 口 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 口 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 口 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 啖 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 口 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 啖 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 口 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 口 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 口 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 口 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 口 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 口 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 口 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 口 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 口 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 口 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 口 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 口 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 口 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 口 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 口 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 啖 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 啖 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 口 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 口 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 口 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 喙 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 喙 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 喙 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 喙 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 喙 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 喙 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 啖 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 口 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 口 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 口 |
| Wu | Danyang | 口 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 口 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 口 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 口 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 口 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 口 |

#### Compounds

* 倒啖蔗
* 啖名
* 啖噬
* 啖指咬舌
* 啖蔗
* 啖食
* 大啖一番
* 拔葵啖棗／拔葵啖枣
* 飽啖一頓／饱啖一顿
* 餐松啖柏

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: だん (dan)
* Kan-on: たん (tan)
* Kun: くう (kuu, 啖う)、くらわす (kurawasu, 啖らわす)

## Korean
### Hanja

啖 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

啖: Hán Nôm readings: dạm, đạm, giảm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.