# 壯士
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhuàngshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zong$^3$ si$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chòng-sǐr / chòng-sū
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàngshì → zhuàngshi (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄕˋ → ㄓㄨㄤˋ ˙ㄕ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàngshi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: chuang$^4$-shih$^5$
*** Yale: jwàng-shr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq.shyh
*** Palladius: чжуанши (čžuanši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ → /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zong$^3$ si$^6$
*** Yale: jong sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzong$^3$ si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zong$^3$ xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔːŋ³³ siː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chòng-sǐr
*** Tâi-lô: tsòng-sǐr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chòng-sū
*** Tâi-lô: tsòng-sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zorngsu
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ su²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsrjangH dzriX
Rime :
| Character | 壯 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 側亮切 | 鉏里切 |
| Baxter | tsrjangH | dzriX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃɨɐŋ$^H$/ | /d͡ʒɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂiɐŋ$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃiɑŋ$^H$/ | /d͡ʒie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂɨaŋ$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃiaŋ$^H$/ | /d͡ʒiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃĭaŋ$^H$/ | /d͡ʒĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂi̯aŋ$^H$/ | /ɖ͡ʐʱi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhuàng | zhì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zong$^3$ | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]<r>aŋ-s [m-s-]rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraŋs zrɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 壯 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhuàng | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsrjang$^H$ › | ‹ dzri$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]<r>aŋ-s/ | /*[m-s-]rəʔ/ |
| English | robust | officer; gentleman |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 壯 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10307 | 11511 |
| Phonetic component | 爿 | 士 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 壯 | 士 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsraŋs/ | /*zrɯʔ/ |

### Noun

壯士
* heroic person; warrior

#### Synonyms

* 健兒／健儿 (jiàn'ér)
* 勇士 (yǒngshì)
* 戰士／战士 (zhànshì)
* 武人 (wǔrén)
* 武士 (wǔshì)
* 猛士 (měngshì)
* 虎賁／虎贲 (hǔbēn) (archaic)
* 鬥士／斗士 (dòushì)

#### Derived terms

* 壯士斷腕／壮士断腕 (zhuàngshìduànwàn)
* 壯士解腕／壮士解腕
* 蝮蛇螫手，壯士斷腕／蝮蛇螫手，壮士断腕

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 壮(そう)士(し) (sōshi)
* → Korean: 장사(壯士) (jangsa)
* → Vietnamese: tráng sĩ (壯士)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 壯 | 士 |

### Noun

壯士
* chữ Hán form of tráng sĩ (“heroic person; warrior”).