# 輕於鴻毛
## Chinese

| | | light; easy; gentlelight; easy; gentle; soft; reckless; unimportant; frivolous; small in number; unstressed; neutral | in; at; toin; at; to; from; by; than; out of; surname | a wild goose feather; something very light or insignificant |
| trad. (輕於鴻毛) | trad. (輕於鴻毛) | 輕 | 於 | 鴻毛 |
| simp. (轻于鸿毛) | simp. (轻于鸿毛) | 轻 | 于 | 鸿毛 |
| alternative forms | alternative forms | 輕如鴻毛／轻如鸿毛 | 輕如鴻毛／轻如鸿毛 | 輕如鴻毛／轻如鸿毛 |
| Literally: “lighter (and less significant) than a wild goose feather”. |||||

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīngyúhóngmáo
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ ㄩˊ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄇㄠˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīngyúhóngmáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄩˊ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄇㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cingyúhóngmáo
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^1$-yü$^2$-hung$^2$-mao$^2$
*** Yale: chīng-yú-húng-máu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingyuhorngmau
*** Palladius: цинъюйхунмао (cinʺjujxunmao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ y³⁵ xʊŋ³⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: khjieng|khjiengH 'jo|'u huwng|huwngX maw|mawH
Rime :
| Character | 輕 | 輕 | 於 | 於 | 鴻 | 鴻 | 毛 | 毛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 溪 (29) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 清 (121) | 魚 (22) | 模 (23) | 東 (1) | 東 (1) | 豪 (89) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | I | I | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 去盈切 | 墟正切 | 央居切 | 哀都切 | 戸公切 | 胡孔切 | 莫袍切 | 莫報切 |
| Baxter | khjieng | khjiengH | 'jo | 'u | huwng | huwngX | maw | mawH |
| Reconstructions |||||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰiᴇŋ/ | /kʰiᴇŋ$^H$/ | /ʔɨʌ/ | /ʔuo/ | /ɦuŋ/ | /ɦuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰiɛŋ/ | /kʰiɛŋ$^H$/ | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔuo/ | /ɦuŋ/ | /ɦuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰiæŋ/ | /kʰiæŋ$^H$/ | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔo/ | /ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰiajŋ/ | /kʰiajŋ$^H$/ | /ʔɨə̆/ | /ʔɔ/ | /ɦəwŋ/ | /ɦəwŋ$^X$/ | /maw/ | /maw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiɛŋ/ | /kʰiɛŋ$^H$/ | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔo/ | /ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭɛŋ/ | /kʰĭɛŋ$^H$/ | /ĭo/ | /u/ | /ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰi̯ɛŋ/ | /kʰi̯ɛŋ$^H$/ | /ʔi̯wo/ | /ʔuo/ | /ɣuŋ/ | /ɣuŋ$^X$/ | /mɑu/ | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qīng | qìng | yū | wū | hóng | hòng | máo | mào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hing$^1$ | hing$^3$ | jyu$^1$ | wu$^1$ | hung$^4$ | hung$^6$ | mou$^4$ | mou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]eŋ [ʔ]ˤa|[ʔ]a [ɡ]ˤoŋ C.mˤaw/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰeŋ|kʰeŋs qaː|qa ɡoːŋ|ɡoːŋʔ maːw|maːws/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 輕 | 於 | 於 | 鴻 | 毛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qīng | wū | yú | hóng | máo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khjieng › | ‹ ʔu › | ‹ ʔjo › | ‹ huwng › | ‹ maw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[kʰ]eŋ/ (no palatalization before *-eŋ?) | /*[ʔ]ˁa/ | /*[ʔ]a/ | /*[ɡ]ˁoŋ/ | /*C.mˁaw/ |
| English | light (≠ heavy) | oh! | at (locative preposition) | kind of wild goose | hair |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 輕 | 輕 | 於 | 於 | 鴻 | 鴻 | 毛 | 毛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6792 | 6793 | 15810 | 15812 | 4061 | 4062 | 8780 | 8791 |
| Phonetic component | 巠 | 巠 | 於 | 於 | 工 | 工 | 毛 | 毛 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 | 魚 | 魚 | 東 | 東 | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 輕 | 輕 | 烏 | 於 | 洪 | 澒 | 毛 | 冃 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰeŋ/ | /*kʰeŋs/ | /*qaː/ | /*qa/ | /*ɡoːŋ/ | /*ɡoːŋʔ/ | /*maːw/ | /*maːws/ |

### Idiom

輕於鴻毛
* (derogatory, figuratively) to be worthless (or trashy, valueless, not worth a brass farthing, good for nothing, of no worth)

#### Synonyms

* 微不足道 (wēibùzúdào)
* 無足輕重／无足轻重 (wúzúqīngzhòng)
* 無關緊要／无关紧要 (wúguānjǐnyào)
* 不值一文 (bùzhíyīwén)
* 不值一提 (bùzhíyītí)
* 不足掛齒／不足挂齿 (bùzúguàchǐ)

#### Antonyms

* 重於泰山／重于泰山 (zhòng yú Tàishān)
* 舉足輕重／举足轻重 (jǔzúqīngzhòng)
* 彪炳千古 (biāobǐngqiāngǔ)
* 彪炳日月