# 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ *𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*þwasts) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaˈθwastjan/

### Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gaþwastjan) (perfective)
* to establish, make firm
** 2 Corinthians 1:21:
    𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌸aþþan sa gaþwastjands uns miþ izwis in xristau jah salbōnds uns guþNow he which stablisheth us with you in Christ, and hath anointed us, is God (KJV)
* to restore
** Galatians 6:1:
    𐌱𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍂𐌾𐌿𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐍈𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴, 𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌵𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃, 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽, 𐌹𐌱𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌿 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿.brōþrjus, jabai gafahaidau manna in ƕizai missadēdē, jus þai ahmeinans gaþwastjaiþ þana swaleikana in ahmin qairreins, andsaiƕands þuk silban, iba jah þu fraisaizau.Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. (KJV)
* (passive voice) to be strong
** 1 Corinthians 16:13:
    𐍅𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌷 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹, 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸.wakaiþ standaiduh in galaubeinai, wairaleikō taujaiþ, gaþwastidai sijaiþ.Watch ye, stand fast in the faith, quit you like men, be strong. (KJV)

#### Conjugation

Class 1 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 gaþwastjan | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 gaþwastjan | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 gaþwastjan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰 gaþwastja | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaþwastida | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaþwastjada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaþwasteis | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gaþwastidēs | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gaþwastjaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaþwasteiþ | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaþwastida | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaþwastjada |
| 1st dual | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 gaþwastjōs | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gaþwastidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaþwastjats | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gaþwastidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌼 gaþwastjam | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gaþwastidēdum | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaþwastjanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaþwasteiþ | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gaþwastidēduþ | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaþwastjanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gaþwastjand | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gaþwastidēdun | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaþwastjanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjau | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaþwastidēdjau | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gaþwastjais | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaþwastidēdeis | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 gaþwastjai | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gaþwastidēdi | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaþwastjaiwa | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaþwastidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaþwastjaits | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaþwastidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaþwastjaima | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaþwastidēdeima | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gaþwastjaiþ | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaþwastidēdeiþ | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaþwastjaina | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaþwastidēdeina | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹 gaþwastei | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaþwastjats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaþwasteiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaþwastjandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gaþwastjands | 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 gaþwastiþs | |

#### Related terms

* 𐌸𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐌰 (þwastiþa)

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 152