# 和睦
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hémù
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wo$^4$ muk$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fò-mu̍k
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hô-bo̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hua$^5$ mog$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hémù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hémù
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-mu$^4$
*** Yale: hé-mù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hermuh
*** Palladius: хэму (xɛmu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ mu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wo$^4$ muk$^6$
*** Yale: wòh muhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wo$^4$ muk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wo$^4$ mug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔː²¹ mʊk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fò-mu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: fo$^ˇ$ mug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fo$^2$ mug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fo¹¹ muk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-bo̍k
*** Tâi-lô: hô-bo̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'bok
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² bɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ bɔk̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hua$^5$ mog$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ mo̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mok̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: hwa mjuwk
Rime :
| Character | 和 | 睦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 戸戈切 | 莫六切 |
| Baxter | hwa | mjuwk |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuɑ/ | /mɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuɑ/ | /miuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɑ/ | /miuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwa/ | /muwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɑ/ | /miuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuɑ/ | /mĭuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuɑ/ | /mi̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huó | mù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wo$^4$ | muk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤoj mr[uk]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːl mluɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 和 | 睦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé | mù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwa › | ‹ mjuwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ˁoj/ | /*mr[uk]/ |
| English | harmonious | concord |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 和 | 睦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4932 | 8531 |
| Phonetic component | 禾 | 坴 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 和 | 目 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡoːl/ | /*mluɡ/ |
| Notes | | 古文從囧圥聲 |

### Adjective

和睦
* harmonious; amicable; friendly; peaceful
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Shàngxià hémù, zhōuxuán bù nì. [Pinyin]
    Thus, the nobles and the common people will be friendly, and they will socialise without going against each other.
    From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng) (Zhuge Liang), 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)
    Yú yǐwèi yíng zhōng zhī shì, xī yǐ zī zhī, bì néng shǐ xíngzhèn hémù, yōuliè dé suǒ yě. [Pinyin]
    I think he should be consulted on all military affairs. This can certainly make the troops harmonious and put the good and the bad in their proper places.

#### Synonyms

* 協調／协调 (xiétiáo)
* 和協／和协 (Hokkien)
* 和好 (héhǎo)
* 和平 (hépíng)
* 和氣／和气
* 和洽 (héqià)
* 和美 (héměi)
* 和諧／和谐 (héxié)
* 團結／团结 (tuánjié)
* 平和
* 緝穆／缉穆 (qìmù) (literary)
* 融和 (rónghé)
* 融洽 (róngqià)
* 親睦／亲睦 (qīnmù)
* 調和／调和 (tiáohé)
* 調諧／调谐 (tiáoxié)
* 諧和／谐和 (xiéhé)
* 輯睦／辑睦 (jímù) (literary)
* 雝雝／雍雍 (yōngyōng) (literary)
* 順／顺 (shùn) (literary, or in compounds)

#### Derived terms

* 和睦相處／和睦相处 (hémùxiāngchǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 和(わ)睦(ぼく) (waboku)
* → Korean: 화목(和睦) (hwamok)
* → Vietnamese: hoà mục (和睦)

#### See also

* 和藹／和蔼 (hé'ǎi)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 和 | 睦 |
| わ Grade: 3 | ぼく Grade: S |
| goon | kan'on |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) わぼく [wàbókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [β̞a̠bo̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

和(わ)睦(ぼく) • (waboku)
* harmony

#### See also

* 調(ちょう)和(わ) (chōwa)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 和 | 睦 |

### Noun

和睦
* chữ Hán form of hoà mục.