# dlula
## Southern Ndebele
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-dlúla
* to pass

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-dlúla
* to pass

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* indlulamthi

## Zulu
### Alternative forms

* edlula

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-dlúla
* to pass (by)
* to surpass, to exceed
* to pass, to blow over (of season, disease, etc)
* to pass away, to die
* to persist, to do regardless

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukudlula |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukudlula | ukungadluli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | dlula | -dlule |
| Plural | dlulani | -dluleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyadlula, ngidlula | engidlulayo, engidlula | ngidlula | angidluli | engingadluli | ngingadluli |
| 2nd singular | uyadlula, udlula | odlulayo, odlula | udlula | awudluli | ongadluli | ungadluli |
| 1st plural | siyadlula, sidlula | esidlulayo, esidlula | sidlula | asidluli | esingadluli | singadluli |
| 2nd plural | niyadlula, nidlula | enidlulayo, enidlula | nidlula | anidluli | eningadluli | ningadluli |
| Class 1 | uyadlula, udlula | odlulayo, odlula | edlula | akadluli | ongadluli | engadluli |
| Class 2 | bayadlula, badlula | abadlulayo, abadlula | bedlula | abadluli | abangadluli | bengadluli |
| Class 3 | uyadlula, udlula | odlulayo, odlula | udlula | awudluli | ongadluli | ungadluli |
| Class 4 | iyadlula, idlula | edlulayo, edlula | idlula | ayidluli | engadluli | ingadluli |
| Class 5 | liyadlula, lidlula | elidlulayo, elidlula | lidlula | alidluli | elingadluli | lingadluli |
| Class 6 | ayadlula, adlula | adlulayo, adlula | edlula | awadluli | angadluli | engadluli |
| Class 7 | siyadlula, sidlula | esidlulayo, esidlula | sidlula | asidluli | esingadluli | singadluli |
| Class 8 | ziyadlula, zidlula | ezidlulayo, ezidlula | zidlula | azidluli | ezingadluli | zingadluli |
| Class 9 | iyadlula, idlula | edlulayo, edlula | idlula | ayidluli | engadluli | ingadluli |
| Class 10 | ziyadlula, zidlula | ezidlulayo, ezidlula | zidlula | azidluli | ezingadluli | zingadluli |
| Class 11 | luyadlula, ludlula | oludlulayo, oludlula | ludlula | aludluli | olungadluli | lungadluli |
| Class 14 | buyadlula, budlula | obudlulayo, obudlula | budlula | abudluli | obungadluli | bungadluli |
| Class 15 | kuyadlula, kudlula | okudlulayo, okudlula | kudlula | akudluli | okungadluli | kungadluli |
| Class 17 | kuyadlula, kudlula | okudlulayo, okudlula | kudlula | akudluli | okungadluli | kungadluli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngidlulile, ngidlulē | engidlulile, engidlulē | ngidlulile, ngidlulē | angidlulanga | engingadlulanga | ngingadlulanga |
| 2nd singular | udlulile, udlulē | odlulile, odlulē | udlulile, udlulē | awudlulanga | ongadlulanga | ungadlulanga |
| 1st plural | sidlulile, sidlulē | esidlulile, esidlulē | sidlulile, sidlulē | asidlulanga | esingadlulanga | singadlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nidlulile, nidlulē | enidlulile, enidlulē | nidlulile, nidlulē | anidlulanga | eningadlulanga | ningadlulanga |
| Class 1 | udlulile, udlulē | odlulile, odlulē | edlulile, edlulē | akadlulanga | ongadlulanga | engadlulanga |
| Class 2 | badlulile, badlulē | abadlulile, abadlulē | bedlulile, bedlulē | abadlulanga | abangadlulanga | bengadlulanga |
| Class 3 | udlulile, udlulē | odlulile, odlulē | udlulile, udlulē | awudlulanga | ongadlulanga | ungadlulanga |
| Class 4 | idlulile, idlulē | edlulile, edlulē | idlulile, idlulē | ayidlulanga | engadlulanga | ingadlulanga |
| Class 5 | lidlulile, lidlulē | elidlulile, elidlulē | lidlulile, lidlulē | alidlulanga | elingadlulanga | lingadlulanga |
| Class 6 | adlulile, adlulē | adlulile, adlulē | edlulile, edlulē | awadlulanga | angadlulanga | engadlulanga |
| Class 7 | sidlulile, sidlulē | esidlulile, esidlulē | sidlulile, sidlulē | asidlulanga | esingadlulanga | singadlulanga |
| Class 8 | zidlulile, zidlulē | ezidlulile, ezidlulē | zidlulile, zidlulē | azidlulanga | ezingadlulanga | zingadlulanga |
| Class 9 | idlulile, idlulē | edlulile, edlulē | idlulile, idlulē | ayidlulanga | engadlulanga | ingadlulanga |
| Class 10 | zidlulile, zidlulē | ezidlulile, ezidlulē | zidlulile, zidlulē | azidlulanga | ezingadlulanga | zingadlulanga |
| Class 11 | ludlulile, ludlulē | oludlulile, oludlulē | ludlulile, ludlulē | aludlulanga | olungadlulanga | lungadlulanga |
| Class 14 | budlulile, budlulē | obudlulile, obudlulē | budlulile, budlulē | abudlulanga | obungadlulanga | bungadlulanga |
| Class 15 | kudlulile, kudlulē | okudlulile, okudlulē | kudlulile, kudlulē | akudlulanga | okungadlulanga | kungadlulanga |
| Class 17 | kudlulile, kudlulē | okudlulile, okudlulē | kudlulile, kudlulē | akudlulanga | okungadlulanga | kungadlulanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngādlula | engādlula | ngādlula | angidlulanga | engingadlulanga | ngingadlulanga |
| 2nd singular | wādlula | owādlula | wādlula | awudlulanga | ongadlulanga | ungadlulanga |
| 1st plural | sādlula | esādlula | sādlula | asidlulanga | esingadlulanga | singadlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nādlula | enādlula | nādlula | anidlulanga | eningadlulanga | ningadlulanga |
| Class 1 | wādlula | owādlula | ādlula | akadlulanga | ongadlulanga | engadlulanga |
| Class 2 | bādlula | abādlula | bādlula | abadlulanga | abangadlulanga | bengadlulanga |
| Class 3 | wādlula | owādlula | wādlula | awudlulanga | ongadlulanga | ungadlulanga |
| Class 4 | yādlula | eyādlula | yādlula | ayidlulanga | engadlulanga | ingadlulanga |
| Class 5 | lādlula | elādlula | lādlula | alidlulanga | elingadlulanga | lingadlulanga |
| Class 6 | ādlula | ādlula | ādlula | awadlulanga | angadlulanga | engadlulanga |
| Class 7 | sādlula | esādlula | sādlula | asidlulanga | esingadlulanga | singadlulanga |
| Class 8 | zādlula | ezādlula | zādlula | azidlulanga | ezingadlulanga | zingadlulanga |
| Class 9 | yādlula | eyādlula | yādlula | ayidlulanga | engadlulanga | ingadlulanga |
| Class 10 | zādlula | ezādlula | zādlula | azidlulanga | ezingadlulanga | zingadlulanga |
| Class 11 | lwādlula | olwādlula | lwādlula | aludlulanga | olungadlulanga | lungadlulanga |
| Class 14 | bādlula | obādlula | bādlula | abudlulanga | obungadlulanga | bungadlulanga |
| Class 15 | kwādlula | okwādlula | kwādlula | akudlulanga | okungadlulanga | kungadlulanga |
| Class 17 | kwādlula | okwādlula | kwādlula | akudlulanga | okungadlulanga | kungadlulanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingadlula | — | ngingadlula | ngingedlule | — | ngingedlule |
| 2nd singular | ungadlula | — | ungadlula | ungedlule | — | ungedlule |
| 1st plural | singadlula | — | singadlula | singedlule | — | singedlule |
| 2nd plural | ningadlula | — | ningadlula | ningedlule | — | ningedlule |
| Class 1 | angadlula | — | engadlula | angedlule | — | engedlule |
| Class 2 | bangadlula | — | bengadlula | bangedlule | — | bengedlule |
| Class 3 | ungadlula | — | ungadlula | ungedlule | — | ungedlule |
| Class 4 | ingadlula | — | ingadlula | ingedlule | — | ingedlule |
| Class 5 | lingadlula | — | lingadlula | lingedlule | — | lingedlule |
| Class 6 | angadlula | — | engadlula | angedlule | — | engedlule |
| Class 7 | singadlula | — | singadlula | singedlule | — | singedlule |
| Class 8 | zingadlula | — | zingadlula | zingedlule | — | zingedlule |
| Class 9 | ingadlula | — | ingadlula | ingedlule | — | ingedlule |
| Class 10 | zingadlula | — | zingadlula | zingedlule | — | zingedlule |
| Class 11 | lungadlula | — | lungadlula | lungedlule | — | lungedlule |
| Class 14 | bungadlula | — | bungadlula | bungedlule | — | bungedlule |
| Class 15 | kungadlula | — | kungadlula | kungedlule | — | kungedlule |
| Class 17 | kungadlula | — | kungadlula | kungedlule | — | kungedlule |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizodlula | engizodlula | ngizodlula | angizudlula | engingezudlula | ngingezudlula |
| 2nd singular | uzodlula | ozodlula | uzodlula | awuzudlula | ongezudlula | ungezudlula |
| 1st plural | sizodlula | esizodlula | sizodlula | asizudlula | esingezudlula | singezudlula |
| 2nd plural | nizodlula | enizodlula | nizodlula | anizudlula | eningezudlula | ningezudlula |
| Class 1 | uzodlula | ozodlula | ezodlula | akazudlula | ongezudlula | engezudlula |
| Class 2 | bazodlula | abazodlula | bezodlula | abazudlula | abangezudlula | bengezudlula |
| Class 3 | uzodlula | ozodlula | uzodlula | awuzudlula | ongezudlula | ungezudlula |
| Class 4 | izodlula | ezodlula | izodlula | ayizudlula | engezudlula | ingezudlula |
| Class 5 | lizodlula | elizodlula | lizodlula | alizudlula | elingezudlula | lingezudlula |
| Class 6 | azodlula | azodlula | ezodlula | awazudlula | angezudlula | engezudlula |
| Class 7 | sizodlula | esizodlula | sizodlula | asizudlula | esingezudlula | singezudlula |
| Class 8 | zizodlula | ezizodlula | zizodlula | azizudlula | ezingezudlula | zingezudlula |
| Class 9 | izodlula | ezodlula | izodlula | ayizudlula | engezudlula | ingezudlula |
| Class 10 | zizodlula | ezizodlula | zizodlula | azizudlula | ezingezudlula | zingezudlula |
| Class 11 | luzodlula | oluzodlula | luzodlula | aluzudlula | olungezudlula | lungezudlula |
| Class 14 | buzodlula | obuzodlula | buzodlula | abuzudlula | obungezudlula | bungezudlula |
| Class 15 | kuzodlula | okuzodlula | kuzodlula | akuzudlula | okungezudlula | kungezudlula |
| Class 17 | kuzodlula | okuzodlula | kuzodlula | akuzudlula | okungezudlula | kungezudlula |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyodlula | engiyodlula | ngiyodlula | angiyudlula | engingeyudlula | ngingeyudlula |
| 2nd singular | uyodlula | oyodlula | uyodlula | awuyudlula | ongeyudlula | ungeyudlula |
| 1st plural | siyodlula | esiyodlula | siyodlula | asiyudlula | esingeyudlula | singeyudlula |
| 2nd plural | niyodlula | eniyodlula | niyodlula | aniyudlula | eningeyudlula | ningeyudlula |
| Class 1 | uyodlula | oyodlula | eyodlula | akayudlula | ongeyudlula | engeyudlula |
| Class 2 | bayodlula | abayodlula | beyodlula | abayudlula | abangeyudlula | bengeyudlula |
| Class 3 | uyodlula | oyodlula | uyodlula | awuyudlula | ongeyudlula | ungeyudlula |
| Class 4 | iyodlula | eyodlula | iyodlula | ayiyudlula | engeyudlula | ingeyudlula |
| Class 5 | liyodlula | eliyodlula | liyodlula | aliyudlula | elingeyudlula | lingeyudlula |
| Class 6 | ayodlula | ayodlula | eyodlula | awayudlula | angeyudlula | engeyudlula |
| Class 7 | siyodlula | esiyodlula | siyodlula | asiyudlula | esingeyudlula | singeyudlula |
| Class 8 | ziyodlula | eziyodlula | ziyodlula | aziyudlula | ezingeyudlula | zingeyudlula |
| Class 9 | iyodlula | eyodlula | iyodlula | ayiyudlula | engeyudlula | ingeyudlula |
| Class 10 | ziyodlula | eziyodlula | ziyodlula | aziyudlula | ezingeyudlula | zingeyudlula |
| Class 11 | luyodlula | oluyodlula | luyodlula | aluyudlula | olungeyudlula | lungeyudlula |
| Class 14 | buyodlula | obuyodlula | buyodlula | abuyudlula | obungeyudlula | bungeyudlula |
| Class 15 | kuyodlula | okuyodlula | kuyodlula | akuyudlula | okungeyudlula | kungeyudlula |
| Class 17 | kuyodlula | okuyodlula | kuyodlula | akuyudlula | okungeyudlula | kungeyudlula |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngidlule | ngingadluli |
| 2nd singular | udlule | ungadluli |
| 1st plural | sidlule | singadluli |
| 2nd plural | nidlule | ningadluli |
| Class 1 | adlule | angadluli |
| Class 2 | badlule | bangadluli |
| Class 3 | udlule | ungadluli |
| Class 4 | idlule | ingadluli |
| Class 5 | lidlule | lingadluli |
| Class 6 | adlule | angadluli |
| Class 7 | sidlule | singadluli |
| Class 8 | zidlule | zingadluli |
| Class 9 | idlule | ingadluli |
| Class 10 | zidlule | zingadluli |
| Class 11 | ludlule | lungadluli |
| Class 14 | budlule | bungadluli |
| Class 15 | kudlule | kungadluli |
| Class 17 | kudlule | kungadluli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngadlula | ngangadlula, angadlula, angangadlula |
| 2nd singular | wadlula | wangadlula, awadlula, awangadlula |
| 1st plural | sadlula | sangadlula, asadlula, asangadlula |
| 2nd plural | nadlula | nangadlula, anadlula, anangadlula |
| Class 1 | wadlula | wangadlula, akadlula, akangadlula |
| Class 2 | badlula | bangadlula, abadlula, abangadlula |
| Class 3 | wadlula | wangadlula, awadlula, awangadlula |
| Class 4 | yadlula | yangadlula, ayadlula, ayangadlula |
| Class 5 | ladlula | langadlula, aladlula, alangadlula |
| Class 6 | adlula | angadlula, awadlula, awangadlula |
| Class 7 | sadlula | sangadlula, asadlula, asangadlula |
| Class 8 | zadlula | zangadlula, azadlula, azangadlula |
| Class 9 | yadlula | yangadlula, ayadlula, ayangadlula |
| Class 10 | zadlula | zangadlula, azadlula, azangadlula |
| Class 11 | lwadlula | lwangadlula, alwadlula, alwangadlula |
| Class 14 | badlula | bangadlula, abadlula, abangadlula |
| Class 15 | kwadlula | kwangadlula, akwadlula, akwangadlula |
| Class 17 | kwadlula | kwangadlula, akwadlula, akwangadlula |

#### Derived terms

* indlulamithi

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “dlula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “dlula (6-3.9)”