# 局限
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): júxiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): guk$^6$ haan$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kio̍k-hǎn / kio̍k-hān / kio̍k-ān / kia̍k-hǎn / ke̍k-hān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: júxiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyúsiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^2$-hsien$^4$
*** Yale: jyú-syàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyushiann
*** Palladius: цзюйсянь (czjujsjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: guk$^6$ haan$^6$
*** Yale: guhk haahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: guk$^9$ haan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gug$^6$ han$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊk̚² haːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio̍k-hǎn
*** Tâi-lô: kio̍k-hǎn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚²⁴⁻² han²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio̍k-hān
*** Tâi-lô: kio̍k-hān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kioghan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² han³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² han²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio̍k-ān
*** Tâi-lô: kio̍k-ān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiog'an
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍k-hǎn
*** Tâi-lô: kia̍k-hǎn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiak̚²⁴⁻² han²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍k-hān
*** Tâi-lô: ki̍k-hān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: keghan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² han²²/

### Verb

局限
* to limit; to confine

#### Synonyms

* 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
* 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
* 克制 (kèzhì)
* 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
* 制禦／制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
* 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
* 君 (jūn) (literary)
* 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
* 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
* 壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
* 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 左右 (zuǒyòu)
* 把
* 抑制 (yìzhì)
* 把持 (bǎchí)
* 把控 (bǎkòng)
* 把攬／把揽 (bǎlǎn)
* 抵制 (dǐzhì)
* 拘束 (jūshù)
* 按 (àn)
* 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
* 控 (literary, or in compounds)
* 控制 (kòngzhì)
* 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
* 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
* 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
* 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
* 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
* 操控 (cāokòng)
* 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
* 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
* 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
* 支配 (zhīpèi)
* 收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
* 束 (literary, or in compounds)
* 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
* 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
* 框 (kuàng)
* 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
* 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
* 節制／节制 (jiézhì)
* 節撙／节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
* 管制 (guǎnzhì)
* 管束 (guǎnshù)
* 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
* 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
* 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
* 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
* 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
* 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
* 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
* 限 (xiàn)
* 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 限制 (xiànzhì)
* 駕／驾 (jià)
* 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

#### Derived terms

* 局限性 (júxiànxìng)

### Noun

局限
* limitation

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 局 | 限 |
| きょく Grade: 3 | げん Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲo̞kɯ̟ɡẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

局(きょく)限(げん) • (kyokugen)
* limit, localisation

### Verb

局(きょく)限(げん)する • (kyokugen suru) transitive suru (stem 局(きょく)限(げん)し (kyokugen shi), past 局(きょく)限(げん)した (kyokugen shita))
* to limit, to confine

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 局限し | きょくげんし | kyokugen shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 局限し | きょくげんし | kyokugen shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 局限する | きょくげんする | kyokugen suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 局限する | きょくげんする | kyokugen suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 局限すれ | きょくげんすれ | kyokugen sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 局限せよ¹ 局限しろ² | きょくげんせよ¹ きょくげんしろ² | kyokugen seyo¹ kyokugen shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 局限される | きょくげんされる | kyokugen sareru |
| Causative | 局限させる 局限さす | きょくげんさせる きょくげんさす | kyokugen saseru kyokugen sasu |
| Potential | 局限できる | きょくげんできる | kyokugen dekiru |
| Volitional | 局限しよう | きょくげんしよう | kyokugen shiyō |
| Negative | 局限しない | きょくげんしない | kyokugen shinai |
| Negative continuative | 局限せず | きょくげんせず | kyokugen sezu |
| Formal | 局限します | きょくげんします | kyokugen shimasu |
| Perfective | 局限した | きょくげんした | kyokugen shita |
| Conjunctive | 局限して | きょくげんして | kyokugen shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 局限すれば | きょくげんすれば | kyokugen sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 局 | 限 |

### Noun

局限 • (gukhan) (hangeul 국한)
* hanja form of 국한 (“limit, localisation”)