# मूर्ख
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* मूरख (mūrakh)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /muːɾkʰ/

### Adjective

मूर्ख • (mūrkh) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling مورکھ)
* stupid, dumb, foolish, idiotic
    वह बहुत मूर्ख लगता है। ― vah bahut mūrkh lagtā hai. ― He looks very foolish.

#### Synonyms

* नासमझ (nāsmajh)
* बुद्धू (buddhū)
* नादान (nādān)
* बेवक़ूफ़ (bevqūf)
* मंदबुद्धि (mandbuddhi)
* बेअकल (beakal)

### Noun

मूर्ख • (mūrkh) m (Urdu spelling مورکھ)
* fool, idiot, dimwit, moron, dunce, simpleton
    वह मुझे हमेशा मूर्ख कहती है।vah mujhe hameśā mūrkh kahtī hai.She always calls me a fool.

#### Synonyms

* नादान (nādān)
* बेवक़ूफ़ (bevqūf)

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “मूर्ख”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /muɾ.kʰə/

### Adjective

मूर्ख • (mūrkha) (indeclinable)
* stupid, foolish, dumb, asinine
* unlearned, unwise, ignorant
* dense, thickheaded
* goofy, dopey

#### Synonyms

* मंद (manda)
* मठ्ठ (maṭhṭha)
* भोळा (bhoḷā)
* नादान (nādān)

### Noun

मूर्ख • (mūrkha) m
* fool, idiot, moron, dimwit

#### Synonyms

* अर्धवट (ardhavaṭ)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “मूर्ख”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “मूर्ख”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মূৰ্খ (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬹᬃᬔ (Balinese script)
* মূর্খ (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰏 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀔 (Brahmi script)
* မူရ်္ခ (Burmese script)
* મૂર્ખ (Gujarati script)
* ਮੂਰ੍ਖ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌖 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦹꦂꦑ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂎 (Kaithi script)
* ಮೂರ್ಖ (Kannada script)
* មូខ៌ (Khmer script)
* ມູຣ຺ຂ (Lao script)
* മൂര്ഖ (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᡠᡠᡵᡘᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘏 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠤᠤᠷᠻᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧕𑧈𑧠𑦯 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐏 (Newa script)
* ମୂର୍ଖ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢹꢬ꣄ꢓ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆒 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖏 (Siddham script)
* මූර්‍ඛ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩝 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚋 (Takri script)
* மூர்க² (Tamil script)
* మూర్ఖ (Telugu script)
* มูรฺข (Thai script)
* མཱུ་རྑ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒐 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨌 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Probably a formation from मूर्छ् (mūrch, “to congeal; to grow stiff and senseless”), by analogy with formations like शोक (śoka, “flame, sorrow”) from शुच् (śuc, “to shine, glow”), with semantic influence from मूर (mūra, “foolish, stupid”). Alternative derivations from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-k- (“to grind, crush”), whence Ancient Greek μαλακός (malakós, “soft, weak”), Old Irish malcad (“rottenness”), Lithuanian mùlkis (“fool, dummy”)) are doubtful.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /muːɾ.kʰɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈmuːɾ.kʰɐ/

### Adjective

मूर्ख • (mūrkhá) stem
* foolish, silly, stupid, idiotic
* inexperienced, dull

#### Declension
### Noun

मूर्ख • (mūrkhá) stem, m
* fool, idiot, blockhead
* a species of mung bean native to the Indian Subcontinent, Vigna radiata, green gram

#### Declension
### Descendants

* Bengali: মূর্খ (murkho)
* Hindi: मूर्ख (mūrkh)
* Marathi: मूर्ख (mūrkha)
* Nepali: मूर्ख (mūrkha)
* Old Javanese: mūrkha
** Javanese: ꦩꦸꦂꦏ (murka)
** → Balinese: ᬫᬹᬃᬔ (murka)
** → Malay: murka
*** Indonesian: murka
* Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਮੂਰਖ (mūrakh)
    Shahmukhi script: مورکھ (mūrakh)
* → Tamil: மூர்க்கம் (mūrkkam), மூர்க்கன் (mūrkkaṉ)
* → Telugu: మూర్ఖుడు (mūrkhuḍu)
* → Malayalam: മൂർഖൻ (mūṟkhaṉ)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मूर्ख”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 823/3.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “mūrkha”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 367