# gqagqa
## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ᶢǃʱáːᶢǃʱa/

### Verb

-gqágqa
* (transitive) to scatter
    Synonym: -gqagqaza

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukugqagqa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukugqagqa | ukungagqagqi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | gqagqa | -gqagqe |
| Plural | gqagqani | -gqagqeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyagqagqa, ngigqagqa | engigqagqayo, engigqagqa | ngigqagqa | angigqagqi | engingagqagqi | ngingagqagqi |
| 2nd singular | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | ugqagqa | awugqagqi | ongagqagqi | ungagqagqi |
| 1st plural | siyagqagqa, sigqagqa | esigqagqayo, esigqagqa | sigqagqa | asigqagqi | esingagqagqi | singagqagqi |
| 2nd plural | niyagqagqa, nigqagqa | enigqagqayo, enigqagqa | nigqagqa | anigqagqi | eningagqagqi | ningagqagqi |
| Class 1 | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | egqagqa | akagqagqi | ongagqagqi | engagqagqi |
| Class 2 | bayagqagqa, bagqagqa | abagqagqayo, abagqagqa | begqagqa | abagqagqi | abangagqagqi | bengagqagqi |
| Class 3 | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | ugqagqa | awugqagqi | ongagqagqi | ungagqagqi |
| Class 4 | iyagqagqa, igqagqa | egqagqayo, egqagqa | igqagqa | ayigqagqi | engagqagqi | ingagqagqi |
| Class 5 | liyagqagqa, ligqagqa | eligqagqayo, eligqagqa | ligqagqa | aligqagqi | elingagqagqi | lingagqagqi |
| Class 6 | ayagqagqa, agqagqa | agqagqayo, agqagqa | egqagqa | awagqagqi | angagqagqi | engagqagqi |
| Class 7 | siyagqagqa, sigqagqa | esigqagqayo, esigqagqa | sigqagqa | asigqagqi | esingagqagqi | singagqagqi |
| Class 8 | ziyagqagqa, zigqagqa | ezigqagqayo, ezigqagqa | zigqagqa | azigqagqi | ezingagqagqi | zingagqagqi |
| Class 9 | iyagqagqa, igqagqa | egqagqayo, egqagqa | igqagqa | ayigqagqi | engagqagqi | ingagqagqi |
| Class 10 | ziyagqagqa, zigqagqa | ezigqagqayo, ezigqagqa | zigqagqa | azigqagqi | ezingagqagqi | zingagqagqi |
| Class 11 | luyagqagqa, lugqagqa | olugqagqayo, olugqagqa | lugqagqa | alugqagqi | olungagqagqi | lungagqagqi |
| Class 14 | buyagqagqa, bugqagqa | obugqagqayo, obugqagqa | bugqagqa | abugqagqi | obungagqagqi | bungagqagqi |
| Class 15 | kuyagqagqa, kugqagqa | okugqagqayo, okugqagqa | kugqagqa | akugqagqi | okungagqagqi | kungagqagqi |
| Class 17 | kuyagqagqa, kugqagqa | okugqagqayo, okugqagqa | kugqagqa | akugqagqi | okungagqagqi | kungagqagqi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngigqagqile, ngigqagqē | engigqagqile, engigqagqē | ngigqagqile, ngigqagqē | angigqagqanga | engingagqagqanga | ngingagqagqanga |
| 2nd singular | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga |
| 1st plural | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | esigqagqile, esigqagqē | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga |
| 2nd plural | nigqagqile, nigqagqē | enigqagqile, enigqagqē | nigqagqile, nigqagqē | anigqagqanga | eningagqagqanga | ningagqagqanga |
| Class 1 | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | akagqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | engagqagqanga |
| Class 2 | bagqagqile, bagqagqē | abagqagqile, abagqagqē | begqagqile, begqagqē | abagqagqanga | abangagqagqanga | bengagqagqanga |
| Class 3 | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga |
| Class 4 | igqagqile, igqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | igqagqile, igqagqē | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga |
| Class 5 | ligqagqile, ligqagqē | eligqagqile, eligqagqē | ligqagqile, ligqagqē | aligqagqanga | elingagqagqanga | lingagqagqanga |
| Class 6 | agqagqile, agqagqē | agqagqile, agqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | awagqagqanga | angagqagqanga | engagqagqanga |
| Class 7 | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | esigqagqile, esigqagqē | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga |
| Class 8 | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | ezigqagqile, ezigqagqē | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga |
| Class 9 | igqagqile, igqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | igqagqile, igqagqē | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga |
| Class 10 | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | ezigqagqile, ezigqagqē | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga |
| Class 11 | lugqagqile, lugqagqē | olugqagqile, olugqagqē | lugqagqile, lugqagqē | alugqagqanga | olungagqagqanga | lungagqagqanga |
| Class 14 | bugqagqile, bugqagqē | obugqagqile, obugqagqē | bugqagqile, bugqagqē | abugqagqanga | obungagqagqanga | bungagqagqanga |
| Class 15 | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | okugqagqile, okugqagqē | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga |
| Class 17 | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | okugqagqile, okugqagqē | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāgqagqa | engāgqagqa | ngāgqagqa | angigqagqanga | engingagqagqanga | ngingagqagqanga |
| 2nd singular | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | wāgqagqa | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga |
| 1st plural | sāgqagqa | esāgqagqa | sāgqagqa | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga |
| 2nd plural | nāgqagqa | enāgqagqa | nāgqagqa | anigqagqanga | eningagqagqanga | ningagqagqanga |
| Class 1 | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | āgqagqa | akagqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | engagqagqanga |
| Class 2 | bāgqagqa | abāgqagqa | bāgqagqa | abagqagqanga | abangagqagqanga | bengagqagqanga |
| Class 3 | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | wāgqagqa | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga |
| Class 4 | yāgqagqa | eyāgqagqa | yāgqagqa | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga |
| Class 5 | lāgqagqa | elāgqagqa | lāgqagqa | aligqagqanga | elingagqagqanga | lingagqagqanga |
| Class 6 | āgqagqa | āgqagqa | āgqagqa | awagqagqanga | angagqagqanga | engagqagqanga |
| Class 7 | sāgqagqa | esāgqagqa | sāgqagqa | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga |
| Class 8 | zāgqagqa | ezāgqagqa | zāgqagqa | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga |
| Class 9 | yāgqagqa | eyāgqagqa | yāgqagqa | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga |
| Class 10 | zāgqagqa | ezāgqagqa | zāgqagqa | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga |
| Class 11 | lwāgqagqa | olwāgqagqa | lwāgqagqa | alugqagqanga | olungagqagqanga | lungagqagqanga |
| Class 14 | bāgqagqa | obāgqagqa | bāgqagqa | abugqagqanga | obungagqagqanga | bungagqagqanga |
| Class 15 | kwāgqagqa | okwāgqagqa | kwāgqagqa | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga |
| Class 17 | kwāgqagqa | okwāgqagqa | kwāgqagqa | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingagqagqa | — | ngingagqagqa | ngingegqagqe | — | ngingegqagqe |
| 2nd singular | ungagqagqa | — | ungagqagqa | ungegqagqe | — | ungegqagqe |
| 1st plural | singagqagqa | — | singagqagqa | singegqagqe | — | singegqagqe |
| 2nd plural | ningagqagqa | — | ningagqagqa | ningegqagqe | — | ningegqagqe |
| Class 1 | angagqagqa | — | engagqagqa | angegqagqe | — | engegqagqe |
| Class 2 | bangagqagqa | — | bengagqagqa | bangegqagqe | — | bengegqagqe |
| Class 3 | ungagqagqa | — | ungagqagqa | ungegqagqe | — | ungegqagqe |
| Class 4 | ingagqagqa | — | ingagqagqa | ingegqagqe | — | ingegqagqe |
| Class 5 | lingagqagqa | — | lingagqagqa | lingegqagqe | — | lingegqagqe |
| Class 6 | angagqagqa | — | engagqagqa | angegqagqe | — | engegqagqe |
| Class 7 | singagqagqa | — | singagqagqa | singegqagqe | — | singegqagqe |
| Class 8 | zingagqagqa | — | zingagqagqa | zingegqagqe | — | zingegqagqe |
| Class 9 | ingagqagqa | — | ingagqagqa | ingegqagqe | — | ingegqagqe |
| Class 10 | zingagqagqa | — | zingagqagqa | zingegqagqe | — | zingegqagqe |
| Class 11 | lungagqagqa | — | lungagqagqa | lungegqagqe | — | lungegqagqe |
| Class 14 | bungagqagqa | — | bungagqagqa | bungegqagqe | — | bungegqagqe |
| Class 15 | kungagqagqa | — | kungagqagqa | kungegqagqe | — | kungegqagqe |
| Class 17 | kungagqagqa | — | kungagqagqa | kungegqagqe | — | kungegqagqe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizogqagqa | engizogqagqa | ngizogqagqa | angizugqagqa | engingezugqagqa | ngingezugqagqa |
| 2nd singular | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | uzogqagqa | awuzugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | ungezugqagqa |
| 1st plural | sizogqagqa | esizogqagqa | sizogqagqa | asizugqagqa | esingezugqagqa | singezugqagqa |
| 2nd plural | nizogqagqa | enizogqagqa | nizogqagqa | anizugqagqa | eningezugqagqa | ningezugqagqa |
| Class 1 | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | ezogqagqa | akazugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | engezugqagqa |
| Class 2 | bazogqagqa | abazogqagqa | bezogqagqa | abazugqagqa | abangezugqagqa | bengezugqagqa |
| Class 3 | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | uzogqagqa | awuzugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | ungezugqagqa |
| Class 4 | izogqagqa | ezogqagqa | izogqagqa | ayizugqagqa | engezugqagqa | ingezugqagqa |
| Class 5 | lizogqagqa | elizogqagqa | lizogqagqa | alizugqagqa | elingezugqagqa | lingezugqagqa |
| Class 6 | azogqagqa | azogqagqa | ezogqagqa | awazugqagqa | angezugqagqa | engezugqagqa |
| Class 7 | sizogqagqa | esizogqagqa | sizogqagqa | asizugqagqa | esingezugqagqa | singezugqagqa |
| Class 8 | zizogqagqa | ezizogqagqa | zizogqagqa | azizugqagqa | ezingezugqagqa | zingezugqagqa |
| Class 9 | izogqagqa | ezogqagqa | izogqagqa | ayizugqagqa | engezugqagqa | ingezugqagqa |
| Class 10 | zizogqagqa | ezizogqagqa | zizogqagqa | azizugqagqa | ezingezugqagqa | zingezugqagqa |
| Class 11 | luzogqagqa | oluzogqagqa | luzogqagqa | aluzugqagqa | olungezugqagqa | lungezugqagqa |
| Class 14 | buzogqagqa | obuzogqagqa | buzogqagqa | abuzugqagqa | obungezugqagqa | bungezugqagqa |
| Class 15 | kuzogqagqa | okuzogqagqa | kuzogqagqa | akuzugqagqa | okungezugqagqa | kungezugqagqa |
| Class 17 | kuzogqagqa | okuzogqagqa | kuzogqagqa | akuzugqagqa | okungezugqagqa | kungezugqagqa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyogqagqa | engiyogqagqa | ngiyogqagqa | angiyugqagqa | engingeyugqagqa | ngingeyugqagqa |
| 2nd singular | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | uyogqagqa | awuyugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | ungeyugqagqa |
| 1st plural | siyogqagqa | esiyogqagqa | siyogqagqa | asiyugqagqa | esingeyugqagqa | singeyugqagqa |
| 2nd plural | niyogqagqa | eniyogqagqa | niyogqagqa | aniyugqagqa | eningeyugqagqa | ningeyugqagqa |
| Class 1 | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | akayugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa |
| Class 2 | bayogqagqa | abayogqagqa | beyogqagqa | abayugqagqa | abangeyugqagqa | bengeyugqagqa |
| Class 3 | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | uyogqagqa | awuyugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | ungeyugqagqa |
| Class 4 | iyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | iyogqagqa | ayiyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | ingeyugqagqa |
| Class 5 | liyogqagqa | eliyogqagqa | liyogqagqa | aliyugqagqa | elingeyugqagqa | lingeyugqagqa |
| Class 6 | ayogqagqa | ayogqagqa | eyogqagqa | awayugqagqa | angeyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa |
| Class 7 | siyogqagqa | esiyogqagqa | siyogqagqa | asiyugqagqa | esingeyugqagqa | singeyugqagqa |
| Class 8 | ziyogqagqa | eziyogqagqa | ziyogqagqa | aziyugqagqa | ezingeyugqagqa | zingeyugqagqa |
| Class 9 | iyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | iyogqagqa | ayiyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | ingeyugqagqa |
| Class 10 | ziyogqagqa | eziyogqagqa | ziyogqagqa | aziyugqagqa | ezingeyugqagqa | zingeyugqagqa |
| Class 11 | luyogqagqa | oluyogqagqa | luyogqagqa | aluyugqagqa | olungeyugqagqa | lungeyugqagqa |
| Class 14 | buyogqagqa | obuyogqagqa | buyogqagqa | abuyugqagqa | obungeyugqagqa | bungeyugqagqa |
| Class 15 | kuyogqagqa | okuyogqagqa | kuyogqagqa | akuyugqagqa | okungeyugqagqa | kungeyugqagqa |
| Class 17 | kuyogqagqa | okuyogqagqa | kuyogqagqa | akuyugqagqa | okungeyugqagqa | kungeyugqagqa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngigqagqe | ngingagqagqi |
| 2nd singular | ugqagqe | ungagqagqi |
| 1st plural | sigqagqe | singagqagqi |
| 2nd plural | nigqagqe | ningagqagqi |
| Class 1 | agqagqe | angagqagqi |
| Class 2 | bagqagqe | bangagqagqi |
| Class 3 | ugqagqe | ungagqagqi |
| Class 4 | igqagqe | ingagqagqi |
| Class 5 | ligqagqe | lingagqagqi |
| Class 6 | agqagqe | angagqagqi |
| Class 7 | sigqagqe | singagqagqi |
| Class 8 | zigqagqe | zingagqagqi |
| Class 9 | igqagqe | ingagqagqi |
| Class 10 | zigqagqe | zingagqagqi |
| Class 11 | lugqagqe | lungagqagqi |
| Class 14 | bugqagqe | bungagqagqi |
| Class 15 | kugqagqe | kungagqagqi |
| Class 17 | kugqagqe | kungagqagqi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngagqagqa | ngangagqagqa, angagqagqa, angangagqagqa |
| 2nd singular | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa |
| 1st plural | sagqagqa | sangagqagqa, asagqagqa, asangagqagqa |
| 2nd plural | nagqagqa | nangagqagqa, anagqagqa, anangagqagqa |
| Class 1 | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, akagqagqa, akangagqagqa |
| Class 2 | bagqagqa | bangagqagqa, abagqagqa, abangagqagqa |
| Class 3 | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa |
| Class 4 | yagqagqa | yangagqagqa, ayagqagqa, ayangagqagqa |
| Class 5 | lagqagqa | langagqagqa, alagqagqa, alangagqagqa |
| Class 6 | agqagqa | angagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa |
| Class 7 | sagqagqa | sangagqagqa, asagqagqa, asangagqagqa |
| Class 8 | zagqagqa | zangagqagqa, azagqagqa, azangagqagqa |
| Class 9 | yagqagqa | yangagqagqa, ayagqagqa, ayangagqagqa |
| Class 10 | zagqagqa | zangagqagqa, azagqagqa, azangagqagqa |
| Class 11 | lwagqagqa | lwangagqagqa, alwagqagqa, alwangagqagqa |
| Class 14 | bagqagqa | bangagqagqa, abagqagqa, abangagqagqa |
| Class 15 | kwagqagqa | kwangagqagqa, akwagqagqa, akwangagqagqa |
| Class 17 | kwagqagqa | kwangagqagqa, akwagqagqa, akwangagqagqa |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gqagqa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gqagqa (6-3.9)”