# sfirrari
## Sicilian
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *exferrō, *exferrāre. Compare Italian sferrare. By surface analysis, s- +‎ ferru +‎ -ari. Compare Italian perdere le staffe. Cfr. also firrijari~furrijari.

### Verb

sfirrari (past participle sfirratu)
* (transitive, farriery) to unshoe (a horse)
** a. 1368, De Cruyllis–Spatafora, “Di la guardia et di la doctrina di lu cavallu”, in Libru di la Mascalchia […]‎, translation of De Medicina equorum by Giordano Ruffo, page 11v:E sachi ki quantu plui si ferra lu cavallu iuvini tantu plui li soi unghi diventanu debili e molli, kí lu usu di andari sferatu genera da la sua iuvintuti li soi unghi duri e grandi.And know that the younger the horse is shoed the more his hooves become weak and soft, because the practice of going unshoed yields big and strong hooves from his youth.
* (colloquial, of people) to lose irrationally the control or patience.
* (intransitive)
** (of a clock) to ring out of time or generally unpleasingly
** to leave angrily
** to have a licentious life (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
** to get angry; to fly off the handle
*** c. 1786, Giovanni Meli, chapter VIII, in Don Chisciotti e Sanciu Panza, stanza 8:Qualchi vota è benefica, e in cert’uri ¶ Si fa tiranna, incrudelisci, e sferra […].Sometimes she's kind, and sometimes she becomes tyrant, cruel, and flies off the handle.
* (reflexive) See sfirràrisi and sfirrarisilla.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | sfirrari | sfirrari |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | sfirrannu | sfirrannu |
| past participle | past participle | past participle | sfirratu | sfirratu |
| person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | iu | tu | iddu/idda | nuàutri | vuàutri | iddi |
| present | sferru | sferri | sferra | sfirramu | sfirrati | sfèrranu, sfèrrunu |
| imperfect | sfirrava, sfirravu | sfirravi | sfirrava | sfirràvamu | sfirràvavu | sfirràvanu, sfirràvunu |
| preterite | sfirrai | sfirrasti | sfirrau, sfirrò | sfirrammu, sfirramu | sfirràstivu | sfirràrunu, sfirraru |
| future$^1$ | sfirrirò, sfirrirogghiu | sfirrirai | sfirrirà | sfirriremu | sfirrireti, sfirririti | sfirrirannu |
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the present indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the present indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle |
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the imperfect indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the imperfect indicative tense of aviri plus the past participle |
| conditional$^1$ | iu | tu | iddu/idda | nuàutri | vuàutri | iddi |
| present | sfirrirìa | sfirririssi | sfirrirìa | sfirrirìamu | sfirrirìavu | sfirrirìanu |
| past | Use the present conditional tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the present conditional tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the present conditional tense of aviri plus the past participle |
| subjunctive | iu | tu | iddu/idda | nuàutri | vuàutri | iddi |
| present | sferru | sferri | sferra | sfirramu | sfirrati | sfèrranu, sfèrrunu |
| imperfect | sfirrassi | sfirrassi | sfirrassi | sfirràssimu | sfirràssivu | sfirràssiru |
| present perfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of aviri plus the past participle | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of aviri plus the past participle |
| imperative | – | tu | vossìa | nuàutri | vuàutri | – |
| imperative | — | sferra | sfirrassi | sfirramu | sfirrati | — |
| $^1$disused ||||

#### Derived terms

* sferra
* sfirrata, sfirratura
* sfirrijari
* sfirrijatu
* sfirratu

### References

* Traina, Antonino (1868) “sfirrari”, in Nuovo vocabolario Siciliano-Italiano [New Sicilian-Italian vocabulary] (in Italian), Liber Liber, published 2020, page 3830
* “sferrato”, in TLIO – Tesoro della lingua italiana delle origini