# espetar
## Galician
### Etymology

From espeto (“spit; skewer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /espeˈtaɾ/

### Verb

espetar (first-person singular present espeto, first-person singular preterite espetei, past participle espetado)
* (transitive) to spit (to impale on a spit); to skewer
    Synonym: espichar
* (transitive, figurative) to throw against; to ram
* (transitive) to drive; to thrust; to plant
    Synonym: chantar
* (transitive) to blurt; to reproach

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* espetada

#### Related terms

* espita
* espeto

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “espet”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “espetar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “espetar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “espetar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “espetar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “espetar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Occitan
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

espetar
* to explode
* (figuratively) to explode
    espetar de rire - to explode with laughter

#### Conjugation

| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | aver espetat | aver espetat | aver espetat |
| gerund | gerund | espetant | espetant | espetant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | espetat | espetat | espetat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | espeti | espetas | espeta | espetam | espetatz | espetan |
| indicative | imperfect | espetavi | espetavas | espetava | espetàvem | espetàvetz | espetavan |
| indicative | preterite | espetèri | espetères | espetèt | espetèrem | espetèretz | espetèron |
| indicative | future | espetarai | espetaràs | espetarà | espetarem | espetaretz | espetaràn |
| indicative | conditional | espetariái | espetariás | espetariá | espetariam | espetariatz | espetarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | espetèra | espetèras | espetèra | espeteram | espeteratz | espetèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | espete | espetes | espete | espetem | espetetz | espeten |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espetèssi | espetèsses | espetèsse | espetèssem | espetèssetz | espetèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | espeta | | espetem | espetatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | aver espetat | aver espetat | aver espetat |
| gerund | gerund | espetant | espetant | espetant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | espetat | espetat | espetat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | espete | espetes | espeta | espetam | espetatz | espeton |
| indicative | imperfect | espetave | espetaves | espetava | espetaviam | espetaviatz | espetavon |
| indicative | preterite | espetere | espeteres | espetet | espetem | espetetz | espeteron |
| indicative | future | espetarai | espetaràs | espetará | espetarem | espetaretz | espetarán |
| indicative | conditional | espetariá | espetariás | espetariá | espetariam | espetariatz | espetarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | espetèra | espetèras | espetèra | espeteram | espeteratz | espetèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | espete | espetes | espete | espetassiam | espetassiatz | espeton |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espetesse | espetesses | espetesse | espetessiam | espetessiatz | espetesson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | espeta | | espetassiam | espetatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | aver espetat | aver espetat | aver espetat |
| gerund | gerund | espetant | espetant | espetant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | espetat | espetat | espetat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | espeti | espetas | espeta | espetam | espetatz | espetan |
| indicative | imperfect | espetavi | espetavas | espetava | espetàvam | espetàvatz | espetavan |
| indicative | preterite | espetèi | espetès | espetè | espetèm | espetètz | espetèn |
| indicative | future | espetarèi | espetaràs | espetarà | espetaram | espetaratz | espetaràn |
| indicative | conditional | espetarí | espetarés | espetaré | espetarem | espetaretz | espetarén |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | espetèra | espetèras | espetèra | espeteram | espeteratz | espetèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | espeti | espetes | espete | espetem | espetetz | espeten |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espetèssi | espetèsses | espetèsse | espetèssem | espetèssetz | espetèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | espeta | | espetem | espetatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | aver espetat | aver espetat | aver espetat |
| gerund | gerund | espetant | espetant | espetant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | espetat | espetat | espetat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | espete | espetas | espeta | espetam | espetatz | espetan |
| indicative | imperfect | espetava | espetavas | espetava | espetàvam | espetàvatz | espetavan |
| indicative | preterite | espetei | espeteras | espetet | espetèram | espetèratz | espeteran |
| indicative | future | espetarai | espetaràs | espetará | espetarem | espetaretz | espetarán |
| indicative | conditional | espetariá | espetariàs | espetariá | espetariam | espetariatz | espetarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | espetèra | espetèras | espetèra | espeteram | espeteratz | espetèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | espete | espetes | espete | espetem | espetetz | espeten |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espetèsse | espetèsses | espetèsse | espetèssem | espetèssetz | espetèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | espeta | | espetem | espetatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | aver espetat | aver espetat | aver espetat |
| gerund | gerund | espetant | espetant | espetant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | espetat | espetat | espetat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | espete | espetes | espeta | espetam | espetatz | espetan |
| indicative | imperfect | espetavi | espetavas | espetava | espetàvem | espetàvetz | espetavan |
| indicative | preterite | espetère | espetères | espetèt | espeteriam | espeteriatz | espetèron |
| indicative | future | espetarai | espetaràs | espetarà | espetarem | espetaretz | espetaràn |
| indicative | conditional | espetariáu | espetariás | espetariá | espetariam | espetariatz | espetarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | espetèra | espetèras | espetèra | espeteram | espeteratz | espetèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | espete | espetes | espete | espetem | espetetz | espetan |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espetèsse | espetèsses | espetèsse | espetessiam | espetessiatz | espetèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | espeta | | espetem | espetatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From espeto +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.peˈta(ʁ)/ [is.peˈta(h)], /es.peˈta(ʁ)/ [es.peˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.peˈta(ʁ)/ [is.peˈta(h)], /es.peˈta(ʁ)/ [es.peˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.peˈta(ɾ)/, /es.peˈta(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.peˈta(ʁ)/ [iʃ.peˈta(χ)], /eʃ.peˈta(ʁ)/ [eʃ.peˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.peˈta(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˈtaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˈtaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˈta.ɾi/

### Verb

espetar (first-person singular present espeto, first-person singular preterite espetei, past participle espetado)
* to spit (to impale on a spit)
* to prick; to pierce; to puncture
    Synonyms: furar, perfurar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### Further reading

* “espetar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “espetar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

## Spanish
### Etymology

From espeto (“skewer”) +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /espeˈtaɾ/ [es.peˈt̪aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: es‧pe‧tar

### Verb

espetar (first-person singular present espeto, first-person singular preterite espeté, past participle espetado)
* to skewer
* (colloquial, figurative) to blurt out
** 2016 December 15, Néstor Cenizo, “Así es el pueblo pitufo de Málaga cinco años después”, in El País‎, Madrid, →ISSN:"Queríamos saber si estarías interesados en cambiar el color del pueblo para promocionar una película", le espetó aquel comercial.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | espetar | espetar | espetar | espetar | espetar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | espetando | espetando | espetando | espetando | espetando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | espetado | espetado | espetada | espetada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | espetados | espetados | espetadas | espetadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | espeto | espetas$^{tú}$ espetás$^{vos}$ | espeta | espetamos | espetáis | espetan |
| indicative | imperfect | espetaba | espetabas | espetaba | espetábamos | espetabais | espetaban |
| indicative | preterite | espeté | espetaste | espetó | espetamos | espetasteis | espetaron |
| indicative | future | espetaré | espetarás | espetará | espetaremos | espetaréis | espetarán |
| indicative | conditional | espetaría | espetarías | espetaría | espetaríamos | espetaríais | espetarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | espete | espetes$^{tú}$ espetés$^{vos2}$ | espete | espetemos | espetéis | espeten |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | espetara | espetaras | espetara | espetáramos | espetarais | espetaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | espetase | espetases | espetase | espetásemos | espetaseis | espetasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | espetare | espetares | espetare | espetáremos | espetareis | espetaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | espeta$^{tú}$ espetá$^{vos}$ | espete | espetemos | espetad | espeten |
| imperative | negative | | no espetes | no espete | no espetemos | no espetéis | no espeten |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “espetar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014