# nāve
## Latvian
### Alternative forms

* (dialectal) nāvs (6th decl.)

### Etymology

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Originally an i-stem (*nāvis; compare dialectal nāvs) changed by analogy into a 5th-declension e-stem; from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nā́ˀwis, from Proto-Indo-European *neh₂wis, from the stem *neh₂w- (“death”). There is also a stem *néh₂us (“boat, ship”) (compare Latin navis, Ancient Greek ναῦς (naûs), Sanskrit नाव (nāva), Proto-Scythian *nā́w (“boat, ship”), Tajik нов (nov, “gutter”), Norwegian Bokmål nu (“hod, trough”). It is possible that these two *neh₂w-'s were originally one stem, with the meaning “timber, tree” (compare Sanskrit वन (vana, “timber, tree, forest”), apparently with metathesis of v and n), from which the meaning would change in two ways: on the one hand, “timber, tree” > “dug-out tree” > “boat, ship”, and, on the other hand, “timber, tree” > “tree stump, dead tree” > “dead body; death.”
Cognates include Lithuanian nõvis (“death”), nõvė (“slaughtering, killing; unknown disease; yoke; coercion”), Old Prussian nowis (“body, flesh”), Russian dialectal навей (navej), навь (navʹ), навье (navʹje, “corpse, dead body”), Czech archaic nav (“tomb, hell, beyond”), Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍃 (naus, “dead body, corpse”), genitive 𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃 (nawis), Breton naoun (“hunger”) (< Proto-Celtic *nāunyā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nâːvɛ]
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### Noun

nāve f (5th declension)
* death (the end of life, of a lifetime)
    dzīvības un nāves jautājums ― a question of life and death
    atra, drīza nāve ― early death
    viegla nāve ― easy death
    mokpilna nāve ― torturous death
    dabiska, pēkšņa nāve ― natural, sudden death
    klīniska nāve ― clinical death
    bada nāve ― hunger death (= starvation)
    nāves diena, brīdis ― day, time of death
    sodīt ar nāvi ― to punish with death
    piespriest nāvi ― to sentence to death
    nāves sods, nāvessods — death penalty
    izglābties no (drošas) nāves ― to escape (certain) death
    mirt varoņa nāve ― to die a hero's death
    mirt traģiskā nāvē ― to die a tragic death
    līdz nāvei ― to the death, till death
    dzīvības un nāves dialektiskā vienība ― the dialectical unity of life and death
    galvenie nāves cēloņi ir asinsrites orgānu slimības, ļaundabīgie audzēji un nelaimes gadījumi ― the main causes of death are circulatory system diseases, cancers and accidents

#### Derived terms

* nāvessods, nāves sods
* nāvīgs
* nāvinieks, nāviniece

#### Related terms

* nāvēt

### See also

* mirt

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “nāve”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀦𑀸𑀯𑁂 (Brahmi script)
* नावे (Devanagari script)
* নাৰে (Bengali script)
* නාවෙ (Sinhalese script)
* နာဝေ or ၼႃဝေ (Burmese script)
* นาเว (Thai script)
* ᨶᩣᩅᩮ (Tai Tham script)
* ນາເວ (Lao script)
* នាវេ (Khmer script)
* 𑄚𑄂𑅇𑄬 (Chakma script)

### Noun

nāve f
* vocative singular of nāvā (“boat”)