# gelid
## English
### Etymology

First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, US) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛl.ɪd/
* (US) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛl.əd/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

gelid (comparative more gelid, superlative most gelid)
* Very cold; icy or frosty.
** 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):Of Cassandra-Marat we have spoken often; yet the most surprising truth remains to be spoken: that he actually does not want sense; but, with croaking gelid throat, croaks out masses of the truth, on several things.
** 1898, Florence Earle Coates, “Siberia”, in Poems:Above the gelid source of mountain springs, ⁠A solitary eagle, circling, flies.
** 2005, Robert Jordan, Knife of Dreams:In the worst of summer the tower remained cool, yet the air seemed feverish and gelid when sisters of different Ajahs came too close.

#### Derived terms

* gelidity / gelidness
* gelidly

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Glide, glide, lidge, liged

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch gelit; cognate with German Glied. By surface analysis, ge- +‎ lid.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣəˈlɪt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ge‧lid
* Rhymes: -ɪt

### Noun

gelid n (plural gelederen)
* row of a formation, battle line
* an organizational rank, especially a military rank

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: gelid

### Noun

gelid n (plural geleden)
* a joint, a point of articulation

### Anagrams

* gilde, ledig

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gʷeleti (“to graze”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷlew-, extension from *gʷel- (“throat”), which could be imitative. See also Old English ceole, German Kehle, Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to devour”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡʲe.lʲəð/

### Verb

gelid (conjunct ·geil, verbal noun gelt)
* to graze, consume
** c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
    Ron·geilt in gaeth feib geilius [nem]aod forderg fidnime [leg. fidnaige].The storm has consumed us [lit. grazed on] like heavenly red fire consumes [lit. grazes on] firewood.
** c. 800, Immacaldam Choluim Cille ⁊ ind óclaig, published in "The Lough Foyle Colloquy Texts: Immacaldam Choluim Chille 7 ind Óclaig oc Carraic Eolairg and Immacaldam in Druad Brain 7 Inna Banḟátho Febuil Ós Loch Ḟebuil", Ériu 52 (2002), pp. 53-87, edited and with translations by John Carey,
    "Cesc," ol Colum Cille, "cóich robo riam, a lloch-sa at·chiam?" Respondit iuvenis: "Ro·fetur-sa aní-sin; [...] ra·giult-sa [MS ro·diultsa] a mbasa os, ra·senas a mbasa é[o]..."A question," said Colum Cille, "whose was it formerly, this loch we see?" The youth responded, "I know that! [...] I had grazed it when I was a stag, I had swum it when I was a salmon...
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 80$^a$11
    géldae ― glosses Latin depastus est
** c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 143$^b$1
    gelid ― glosses Latin depascitur

#### Inflection

| | | 1st sg. | 3rd sg. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. |
| Present indicative | Abs. | | gelid | | |
| Present indicative | Conj. | | ·gel | ·gelat | ·gelar |
| Present indicative | Rel. | | geiles | | |
| Imperfect indicative | Imperfect indicative | | | | |
| Preterite | Abs. | | | geltatar | |
| Preterite | Conj. | | | | |
| Preterite | Rel. | | | geltatar | |
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·diult (misspelling of ra·giult, with infixed pronoun a-) | ro·gelt | | |
| Perfect | Prot. | | | | |
| Future | Abs. | | | | |
| Future | Conj. | | | | |
| Future | Rel. | | | géldae | |
| Conditional | Conditional | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Conj. | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Rel. | | | | |
| Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive | | | | |
| Imperative | Imperative | | | | |
| Verbal noun | Verbal noun | gelt | | | |
| Past participle | Past participle | | | | |
| Verbal of necessity | Verbal of necessity | glidi | | | |

#### Derived terms

* con·geil
* fo·geil

### References

* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 364-365
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “gwel-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gelid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language