# entornar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From entorn +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ən.turˈna]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ən.torˈna]
* IPA: (Valencia) [en.toɾˈnaɾ]

### Verb

entornar (first-person singular present entorno, first-person singular preterite entorní, past participle entornat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/
* (transitive, agriculture) to dig, harrow
* (transitive, sewing) to stitch
* (pronominal, of clothes) to shrink
    Synonym: encongir

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | entornar | entornar | entornar | entornar | entornar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | entornant | entornant | entornant | entornant | entornant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | entornat | entornat | entornada | entornada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | entornats | entornats | entornades | entornades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | entorno | entornes | entorna | entornem | entorneu | entornen |
| indicative | imperfect | entornava | entornaves | entornava | entornàvem | entornàveu | entornaven |
| indicative | future | entornaré | entornaràs | entornarà | entornarem | entornareu | entornaran |
| indicative | preterite | entorní | entornares | entornà | entornàrem | entornàreu | entornaren |
| indicative | conditional | entornaria | entornaries | entornaria | entornaríem | entornaríeu | entornarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | entorni | entornis | entorni | entornem | entorneu | entornin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | entornés | entornessis | entornés | entornéssim | entornéssiu | entornessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | entorna | entorni | entornem | entorneu | entornin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no entornis | no entorni | no entornem | no entorneu | no entornin |

### Further reading

* “entornar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “entornar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
* “entornar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese entornar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from en- +‎ tornar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /entoɾˈnaɾ/

### Verb

entornar (first-person singular present entorno, first-person singular preterite entornei, past participle entornado)
* (transitive) to turn a container, spilling its contents
    Synonym: verquer
* (transitive) to turn upside down
    Synonym: envorcar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* tornar

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “entornar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “entorn”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “entornar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “entornar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “entornar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “entornar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “entornar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From en- +‎ tornar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.toɦˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.toɦˈna(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.toɦˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.toɦˈna(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.toɾˈna(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.toɾˈna(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.toʁˈna(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.toʁˈna(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.toɻˈna(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.toɻˈna(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.tuɾˈnaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.tuɾˈnaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.tuɾˈna.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: en‧tor‧nar

### Verb

entornar (first-person singular present entorno, first-person singular preterite entornei, past participle entornado)
* (transitive) to turn a container, spilling its contents
    Synonyms: derramar, verter, espargir, esparzir
* (figurative) to spread; to scatter
    Synonyms: difundir, espalhar
* (intransitive, informal) to get drunk
    Synonym: embriagar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### Further reading

* “entornar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “entornar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

## Spanish
### Etymology

From en- +‎ tornar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /entoɾˈnaɾ/ [ẽn̪.t̪oɾˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: en‧tor‧nar

### Verb

entornar (first-person singular present entorno, first-person singular preterite entorné, past participle entornado)
* to leave ajar
* to slightly open
* to slightly close
** 1889, Emilia Pardo Bazán, Insolación:desplomó el cuerpo sobre las patas, sacudió el freno regándolo con espuma, entornó los ojos y se dispuso a la siesta.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (also pronominal) to tilt, flip, turn upside down
    Synonyms: trastornar, ladear

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | entornar | entornar | entornar | entornar | entornar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | entornando | entornando | entornando | entornando | entornando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | entornado | entornado | entornada | entornada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | entornados | entornados | entornadas | entornadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | entorno | entornas$^{tú}$ entornás$^{vos}$ | entorna | entornamos | entornáis | entornan |
| indicative | imperfect | entornaba | entornabas | entornaba | entornábamos | entornabais | entornaban |
| indicative | preterite | entorné | entornaste | entornó | entornamos | entornasteis | entornaron |
| indicative | future | entornaré | entornarás | entornará | entornaremos | entornaréis | entornarán |
| indicative | conditional | entornaría | entornarías | entornaría | entornaríamos | entornaríais | entornarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | entorne | entornes$^{tú}$ entornés$^{vos2}$ | entorne | entornemos | entornéis | entornen |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | entornara | entornaras | entornara | entornáramos | entornarais | entornaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | entornase | entornases | entornase | entornásemos | entornaseis | entornasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | entornare | entornares | entornare | entornáremos | entornareis | entornaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | entorna$^{tú}$ entorná$^{vos}$ | entorne | entornemos | entornad | entornen |
| imperative | negative | | no entornes | no entorne | no entornemos | no entornéis | no entornen |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “entornar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014