# 疫

| 疫 | U+75AB, &#30123; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75AB |
| ← 疪 [U+75AA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 疬 → [U+75AC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

疫 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 大竹弓水 (KHNE), four-corner 0014$_7$, composition ⿸疒殳)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 770, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22069
* Dae Jaweon: page 1180, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2663, character 8
* Unihan data for U+75AB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 疫
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 椺 | *ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ |
| 役 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 疫 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 垼 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 炈 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 鈠 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 豛 | *ɢʷeɡ |
| 坄 | *doː, *leɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷeɡ) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + abbreviated phonetic 役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuo$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jik$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yi̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yid$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ieh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ia̍h / e̍k / ia̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mog$^8$ / êg$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$yoq; $^8$yuq / $^8$yuq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yuo$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iuo
*** Sinological IPA : /yo²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jik$^6$
*** Yale: yihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ieh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /i²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍h
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iah
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʔ¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
*** Tâi-lô: i̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
* ia̍h - vernacular;
* e̍k/ia̍k - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit疫 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /i⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /i²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /i²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ji²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /i¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /i²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /y²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /yo³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /iu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /i³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʐuʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /yəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /yʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /i⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦyəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦioʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /jy²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /y⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /y²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /y²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /it̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jek̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jek̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jik̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ik̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /iʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /i²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /mok̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /muak̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: ywek
Rime :
| Character | 疫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (124) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 營隻切 |
| Baxter | ywek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jwiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jʷiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iuæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jwiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iuɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭwɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯wɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷek/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷeɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 疫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ywek › |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷek/ |
| English | epidemic |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 疫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15007 |
| Phonetic component | 役 |
| Rime group | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 役 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷeɡ/ |

### Definitions

疫
* epidemic; plague; pestilence

### Compounds

* 人工免疫
* 免疫 (miǎnyì)
* 免疫作用
* 免疫力 (miǎnyìlì)
* 免疫系統／免疫系统 (miǎnyì xìtǒng)
* 免疫血清 (miǎnyì xuèqīng)
* 動物檢疫／动物检疫
* 口服疫苗
* 口蹄疫 (kǒutíyì)
* 基礎免疫／基础免疫
* 天然免疫
* 抗疫 (kàngyì)
* 時疫／时疫 (shíyì)
* 晚疫病
* 染疫 (rǎnyì)
* 檢疫／检疫 (jiǎnyì)
* 沙克疫苗
* 沙賓疫苗／沙宾疫苗
* 活性疫苗
* 海港檢疫／海港检疫
* 混合疫苗
* 畜疫
* 疫區／疫区 (yìqū)
* 疫氣／疫气 (yìqì)
* 疫病 (yìbìng)
* 疫癘／疫疠 (yìlì)
* 疫苗 (yìmiáo)
* 疫鬼 (yìguǐ)
* 瘟疫 (wēnyì)
* 瘴疫
* 白喉疫苗
* 自然免疫
* 虎疫
* 被動免疫／被动免疫
* 防疫 (fángyì)
* 霍亂疫區／霍乱疫区
* 驗疫／验疫
* 鼠疫 (shǔyì)

### References

* “疫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* epidemic

#### Readings

* Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
* Kun: え (e, 疫)、えやみ (eyami, 疫)

### Compounds

* 疫病
* 疫癘
* 検疫
* 口蹄疫
* 防疫
* 免疫

## Korean
### Hanja

疫 • (yeok) (hangeul 역, revised yeok, McCune–Reischauer yŏk, Yale yek)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

疫: Hán Nôm readings: dịch
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.