# ἐγγύς
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Seems to be from ἐν (en, “in, at”) + Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand; to curve”) (whence γυῖον (guîon, “hand”), ἐγγῠ́η (engúē, “pledge, security”)), thus meaning "at hand (i.e. nearby)".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eŋ.ɡýs/ → /eɲˈɟys/ → /eɲˈɟis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /eŋ.ɡýs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /eŋˈɡys/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /eɲˈɟys/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eɲˈɟys/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eɲˈɟis/

### Adverb

ἐγγῠ́ς • (engús)
* near
** (of place)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.86
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1217
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.340
*** 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 37
*** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 686
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 65
*** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 59
*** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Refusal of a Pension 20
** (of time)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.453
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.3.2
** (of numbers)
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.5
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.1.28
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 198B
*** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 30
*** 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 96
** (of qualities)
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 520A
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.13
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.22
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.86
*** 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 288
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 452E
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 116B
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 508C
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 65A
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Philip 123
** (of relationships) akin
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 30A
*** 4th century BC, Isaeus, Pyrrhus 72
*** 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 388
*** 390 BCE, Plato, Hippias Major 304D
*** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1666

#### Inflection

* Comparative: ἐγγῠτέρω (engutérō), ἐγγῠ́τερον (engúteron), ἔγγῑον (éngīon)
* Superlative: ἐγγῠτᾰ́τω (engutátō), ἐγγῠ́τᾰτᾰ (engútata), ἔγγῐστᾰ (éngista)

#### Derived terms

* ἐγγῐ́ζω (engízō)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐγγύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 369-70

### Further reading

* “ἐγγύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἐγγύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἐγγύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἐγγύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἐγγύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἐγγύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* “ἐγγύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G1451 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. by idem, page 107.close by idem, page 138.closely idem, page 139.contiguously idem, page 168.hand idem, page 382.near idem, page 553.next idem, page 557.