# bhekana
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -bheka +‎ -ana.

### Verb

-bhekana$^?$
* (intransitive) to look at each other
* (intransitive) to watch each other
* (intransitive) to be faced, confronted [with na- ‘with’]
* (intransitive) to meet [with na- ‘with’]

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukubhekana |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukubhekana | ukungabhekani |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | bhekana | -bhekane |
| Plural | bhekanani | -bhekaneni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyabhekana, ngibhekana | engibhekanayo, engibhekana | ngibhekana | angibhekani | engingabhekani | ngingabhekani |
| 2nd singular | uyabhekana, ubhekana | obhekanayo, obhekana | ubhekana | awubhekani | ongabhekani | ungabhekani |
| 1st plural | siyabhekana, sibhekana | esibhekanayo, esibhekana | sibhekana | asibhekani | esingabhekani | singabhekani |
| 2nd plural | niyabhekana, nibhekana | enibhekanayo, enibhekana | nibhekana | anibhekani | eningabhekani | ningabhekani |
| Class 1 | uyabhekana, ubhekana | obhekanayo, obhekana | ebhekana | akabhekani | ongabhekani | engabhekani |
| Class 2 | bayabhekana, babhekana | ababhekanayo, ababhekana | bebhekana | ababhekani | abangabhekani | bengabhekani |
| Class 3 | uyabhekana, ubhekana | obhekanayo, obhekana | ubhekana | awubhekani | ongabhekani | ungabhekani |
| Class 4 | iyabhekana, ibhekana | ebhekanayo, ebhekana | ibhekana | ayibhekani | engabhekani | ingabhekani |
| Class 5 | liyabhekana, libhekana | elibhekanayo, elibhekana | libhekana | alibhekani | elingabhekani | lingabhekani |
| Class 6 | ayabhekana, abhekana | abhekanayo, abhekana | ebhekana | awabhekani | angabhekani | engabhekani |
| Class 7 | siyabhekana, sibhekana | esibhekanayo, esibhekana | sibhekana | asibhekani | esingabhekani | singabhekani |
| Class 8 | ziyabhekana, zibhekana | ezibhekanayo, ezibhekana | zibhekana | azibhekani | ezingabhekani | zingabhekani |
| Class 9 | iyabhekana, ibhekana | ebhekanayo, ebhekana | ibhekana | ayibhekani | engabhekani | ingabhekani |
| Class 10 | ziyabhekana, zibhekana | ezibhekanayo, ezibhekana | zibhekana | azibhekani | ezingabhekani | zingabhekani |
| Class 11 | luyabhekana, lubhekana | olubhekanayo, olubhekana | lubhekana | alubhekani | olungabhekani | lungabhekani |
| Class 14 | buyabhekana, bubhekana | obubhekanayo, obubhekana | bubhekana | abubhekani | obungabhekani | bungabhekani |
| Class 15 | kuyabhekana, kubhekana | okubhekanayo, okubhekana | kubhekana | akubhekani | okungabhekani | kungabhekani |
| Class 17 | kuyabhekana, kubhekana | okubhekanayo, okubhekana | kubhekana | akubhekani | okungabhekani | kungabhekani |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngibhekanile, ngibhekanē | engibhekanile, engibhekanē | ngibhekanile, ngibhekanē | angibhekananga | engingabhekananga | ngingabhekananga |
| 2nd singular | ubhekanile, ubhekanē | obhekanile, obhekanē | ubhekanile, ubhekanē | awubhekananga | ongabhekananga | ungabhekananga |
| 1st plural | sibhekanile, sibhekanē | esibhekanile, esibhekanē | sibhekanile, sibhekanē | asibhekananga | esingabhekananga | singabhekananga |
| 2nd plural | nibhekanile, nibhekanē | enibhekanile, enibhekanē | nibhekanile, nibhekanē | anibhekananga | eningabhekananga | ningabhekananga |
| Class 1 | ubhekanile, ubhekanē | obhekanile, obhekanē | ebhekanile, ebhekanē | akabhekananga | ongabhekananga | engabhekananga |
| Class 2 | babhekanile, babhekanē | ababhekanile, ababhekanē | bebhekanile, bebhekanē | ababhekananga | abangabhekananga | bengabhekananga |
| Class 3 | ubhekanile, ubhekanē | obhekanile, obhekanē | ubhekanile, ubhekanē | awubhekananga | ongabhekananga | ungabhekananga |
| Class 4 | ibhekanile, ibhekanē | ebhekanile, ebhekanē | ibhekanile, ibhekanē | ayibhekananga | engabhekananga | ingabhekananga |
| Class 5 | libhekanile, libhekanē | elibhekanile, elibhekanē | libhekanile, libhekanē | alibhekananga | elingabhekananga | lingabhekananga |
| Class 6 | abhekanile, abhekanē | abhekanile, abhekanē | ebhekanile, ebhekanē | awabhekananga | angabhekananga | engabhekananga |
| Class 7 | sibhekanile, sibhekanē | esibhekanile, esibhekanē | sibhekanile, sibhekanē | asibhekananga | esingabhekananga | singabhekananga |
| Class 8 | zibhekanile, zibhekanē | ezibhekanile, ezibhekanē | zibhekanile, zibhekanē | azibhekananga | ezingabhekananga | zingabhekananga |
| Class 9 | ibhekanile, ibhekanē | ebhekanile, ebhekanē | ibhekanile, ibhekanē | ayibhekananga | engabhekananga | ingabhekananga |
| Class 10 | zibhekanile, zibhekanē | ezibhekanile, ezibhekanē | zibhekanile, zibhekanē | azibhekananga | ezingabhekananga | zingabhekananga |
| Class 11 | lubhekanile, lubhekanē | olubhekanile, olubhekanē | lubhekanile, lubhekanē | alubhekananga | olungabhekananga | lungabhekananga |
| Class 14 | bubhekanile, bubhekanē | obubhekanile, obubhekanē | bubhekanile, bubhekanē | abubhekananga | obungabhekananga | bungabhekananga |
| Class 15 | kubhekanile, kubhekanē | okubhekanile, okubhekanē | kubhekanile, kubhekanē | akubhekananga | okungabhekananga | kungabhekananga |
| Class 17 | kubhekanile, kubhekanē | okubhekanile, okubhekanē | kubhekanile, kubhekanē | akubhekananga | okungabhekananga | kungabhekananga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngābhekana | engābhekana | ngābhekana | angibhekananga | engingabhekananga | ngingabhekananga |
| 2nd singular | wābhekana | owābhekana | wābhekana | awubhekananga | ongabhekananga | ungabhekananga |
| 1st plural | sābhekana | esābhekana | sābhekana | asibhekananga | esingabhekananga | singabhekananga |
| 2nd plural | nābhekana | enābhekana | nābhekana | anibhekananga | eningabhekananga | ningabhekananga |
| Class 1 | wābhekana | owābhekana | ābhekana | akabhekananga | ongabhekananga | engabhekananga |
| Class 2 | bābhekana | abābhekana | bābhekana | ababhekananga | abangabhekananga | bengabhekananga |
| Class 3 | wābhekana | owābhekana | wābhekana | awubhekananga | ongabhekananga | ungabhekananga |
| Class 4 | yābhekana | eyābhekana | yābhekana | ayibhekananga | engabhekananga | ingabhekananga |
| Class 5 | lābhekana | elābhekana | lābhekana | alibhekananga | elingabhekananga | lingabhekananga |
| Class 6 | ābhekana | ābhekana | ābhekana | awabhekananga | angabhekananga | engabhekananga |
| Class 7 | sābhekana | esābhekana | sābhekana | asibhekananga | esingabhekananga | singabhekananga |
| Class 8 | zābhekana | ezābhekana | zābhekana | azibhekananga | ezingabhekananga | zingabhekananga |
| Class 9 | yābhekana | eyābhekana | yābhekana | ayibhekananga | engabhekananga | ingabhekananga |
| Class 10 | zābhekana | ezābhekana | zābhekana | azibhekananga | ezingabhekananga | zingabhekananga |
| Class 11 | lwābhekana | olwābhekana | lwābhekana | alubhekananga | olungabhekananga | lungabhekananga |
| Class 14 | bābhekana | obābhekana | bābhekana | abubhekananga | obungabhekananga | bungabhekananga |
| Class 15 | kwābhekana | okwābhekana | kwābhekana | akubhekananga | okungabhekananga | kungabhekananga |
| Class 17 | kwābhekana | okwābhekana | kwābhekana | akubhekananga | okungabhekananga | kungabhekananga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingabhekana | — | ngingabhekana | ngingebhekane | — | ngingebhekane |
| 2nd singular | ungabhekana | — | ungabhekana | ungebhekane | — | ungebhekane |
| 1st plural | singabhekana | — | singabhekana | singebhekane | — | singebhekane |
| 2nd plural | ningabhekana | — | ningabhekana | ningebhekane | — | ningebhekane |
| Class 1 | angabhekana | — | engabhekana | angebhekane | — | engebhekane |
| Class 2 | bangabhekana | — | bengabhekana | bangebhekane | — | bengebhekane |
| Class 3 | ungabhekana | — | ungabhekana | ungebhekane | — | ungebhekane |
| Class 4 | ingabhekana | — | ingabhekana | ingebhekane | — | ingebhekane |
| Class 5 | lingabhekana | — | lingabhekana | lingebhekane | — | lingebhekane |
| Class 6 | angabhekana | — | engabhekana | angebhekane | — | engebhekane |
| Class 7 | singabhekana | — | singabhekana | singebhekane | — | singebhekane |
| Class 8 | zingabhekana | — | zingabhekana | zingebhekane | — | zingebhekane |
| Class 9 | ingabhekana | — | ingabhekana | ingebhekane | — | ingebhekane |
| Class 10 | zingabhekana | — | zingabhekana | zingebhekane | — | zingebhekane |
| Class 11 | lungabhekana | — | lungabhekana | lungebhekane | — | lungebhekane |
| Class 14 | bungabhekana | — | bungabhekana | bungebhekane | — | bungebhekane |
| Class 15 | kungabhekana | — | kungabhekana | kungebhekane | — | kungebhekane |
| Class 17 | kungabhekana | — | kungabhekana | kungebhekane | — | kungebhekane |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizobhekana | engizobhekana | ngizobhekana | angizubhekana | engingezubhekana | ngingezubhekana |
| 2nd singular | uzobhekana | ozobhekana | uzobhekana | awuzubhekana | ongezubhekana | ungezubhekana |
| 1st plural | sizobhekana | esizobhekana | sizobhekana | asizubhekana | esingezubhekana | singezubhekana |
| 2nd plural | nizobhekana | enizobhekana | nizobhekana | anizubhekana | eningezubhekana | ningezubhekana |
| Class 1 | uzobhekana | ozobhekana | ezobhekana | akazubhekana | ongezubhekana | engezubhekana |
| Class 2 | bazobhekana | abazobhekana | bezobhekana | abazubhekana | abangezubhekana | bengezubhekana |
| Class 3 | uzobhekana | ozobhekana | uzobhekana | awuzubhekana | ongezubhekana | ungezubhekana |
| Class 4 | izobhekana | ezobhekana | izobhekana | ayizubhekana | engezubhekana | ingezubhekana |
| Class 5 | lizobhekana | elizobhekana | lizobhekana | alizubhekana | elingezubhekana | lingezubhekana |
| Class 6 | azobhekana | azobhekana | ezobhekana | awazubhekana | angezubhekana | engezubhekana |
| Class 7 | sizobhekana | esizobhekana | sizobhekana | asizubhekana | esingezubhekana | singezubhekana |
| Class 8 | zizobhekana | ezizobhekana | zizobhekana | azizubhekana | ezingezubhekana | zingezubhekana |
| Class 9 | izobhekana | ezobhekana | izobhekana | ayizubhekana | engezubhekana | ingezubhekana |
| Class 10 | zizobhekana | ezizobhekana | zizobhekana | azizubhekana | ezingezubhekana | zingezubhekana |
| Class 11 | luzobhekana | oluzobhekana | luzobhekana | aluzubhekana | olungezubhekana | lungezubhekana |
| Class 14 | buzobhekana | obuzobhekana | buzobhekana | abuzubhekana | obungezubhekana | bungezubhekana |
| Class 15 | kuzobhekana | okuzobhekana | kuzobhekana | akuzubhekana | okungezubhekana | kungezubhekana |
| Class 17 | kuzobhekana | okuzobhekana | kuzobhekana | akuzubhekana | okungezubhekana | kungezubhekana |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyobhekana | engiyobhekana | ngiyobhekana | angiyubhekana | engingeyubhekana | ngingeyubhekana |
| 2nd singular | uyobhekana | oyobhekana | uyobhekana | awuyubhekana | ongeyubhekana | ungeyubhekana |
| 1st plural | siyobhekana | esiyobhekana | siyobhekana | asiyubhekana | esingeyubhekana | singeyubhekana |
| 2nd plural | niyobhekana | eniyobhekana | niyobhekana | aniyubhekana | eningeyubhekana | ningeyubhekana |
| Class 1 | uyobhekana | oyobhekana | eyobhekana | akayubhekana | ongeyubhekana | engeyubhekana |
| Class 2 | bayobhekana | abayobhekana | beyobhekana | abayubhekana | abangeyubhekana | bengeyubhekana |
| Class 3 | uyobhekana | oyobhekana | uyobhekana | awuyubhekana | ongeyubhekana | ungeyubhekana |
| Class 4 | iyobhekana | eyobhekana | iyobhekana | ayiyubhekana | engeyubhekana | ingeyubhekana |
| Class 5 | liyobhekana | eliyobhekana | liyobhekana | aliyubhekana | elingeyubhekana | lingeyubhekana |
| Class 6 | ayobhekana | ayobhekana | eyobhekana | awayubhekana | angeyubhekana | engeyubhekana |
| Class 7 | siyobhekana | esiyobhekana | siyobhekana | asiyubhekana | esingeyubhekana | singeyubhekana |
| Class 8 | ziyobhekana | eziyobhekana | ziyobhekana | aziyubhekana | ezingeyubhekana | zingeyubhekana |
| Class 9 | iyobhekana | eyobhekana | iyobhekana | ayiyubhekana | engeyubhekana | ingeyubhekana |
| Class 10 | ziyobhekana | eziyobhekana | ziyobhekana | aziyubhekana | ezingeyubhekana | zingeyubhekana |
| Class 11 | luyobhekana | oluyobhekana | luyobhekana | aluyubhekana | olungeyubhekana | lungeyubhekana |
| Class 14 | buyobhekana | obuyobhekana | buyobhekana | abuyubhekana | obungeyubhekana | bungeyubhekana |
| Class 15 | kuyobhekana | okuyobhekana | kuyobhekana | akuyubhekana | okungeyubhekana | kungeyubhekana |
| Class 17 | kuyobhekana | okuyobhekana | kuyobhekana | akuyubhekana | okungeyubhekana | kungeyubhekana |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngibhekane | ngingabhekani |
| 2nd singular | ubhekane | ungabhekani |
| 1st plural | sibhekane | singabhekani |
| 2nd plural | nibhekane | ningabhekani |
| Class 1 | abhekane | angabhekani |
| Class 2 | babhekane | bangabhekani |
| Class 3 | ubhekane | ungabhekani |
| Class 4 | ibhekane | ingabhekani |
| Class 5 | libhekane | lingabhekani |
| Class 6 | abhekane | angabhekani |
| Class 7 | sibhekane | singabhekani |
| Class 8 | zibhekane | zingabhekani |
| Class 9 | ibhekane | ingabhekani |
| Class 10 | zibhekane | zingabhekani |
| Class 11 | lubhekane | lungabhekani |
| Class 14 | bubhekane | bungabhekani |
| Class 15 | kubhekane | kungabhekani |
| Class 17 | kubhekane | kungabhekani |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngabhekana | ngangabhekana, angabhekana, angangabhekana |
| 2nd singular | wabhekana | wangabhekana, awabhekana, awangabhekana |
| 1st plural | sabhekana | sangabhekana, asabhekana, asangabhekana |
| 2nd plural | nabhekana | nangabhekana, anabhekana, anangabhekana |
| Class 1 | wabhekana | wangabhekana, akabhekana, akangabhekana |
| Class 2 | babhekana | bangabhekana, ababhekana, abangabhekana |
| Class 3 | wabhekana | wangabhekana, awabhekana, awangabhekana |
| Class 4 | yabhekana | yangabhekana, ayabhekana, ayangabhekana |
| Class 5 | labhekana | langabhekana, alabhekana, alangabhekana |
| Class 6 | abhekana | angabhekana, awabhekana, awangabhekana |
| Class 7 | sabhekana | sangabhekana, asabhekana, asangabhekana |
| Class 8 | zabhekana | zangabhekana, azabhekana, azangabhekana |
| Class 9 | yabhekana | yangabhekana, ayabhekana, ayangabhekana |
| Class 10 | zabhekana | zangabhekana, azabhekana, azangabhekana |
| Class 11 | lwabhekana | lwangabhekana, alwabhekana, alwangabhekana |
| Class 14 | babhekana | bangabhekana, ababhekana, abangabhekana |
| Class 15 | kwabhekana | kwangabhekana, akwabhekana, akwangabhekana |
| Class 17 | kwabhekana | kwangabhekana, akwabhekana, akwangabhekana |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “bekana”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “bekana (3.2.9)”