OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 固砲
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 固砲 – see 固炮 (“regular fuck buddy”). (This term is the simplified form of 固炮).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 土爾沙
## Chinese

* 土爾沙

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Tǔ'ěrshā
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄕㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^2$ ji$^5$ saa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Tǔ'ěrshā [Phonetic: túěrshā]
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄕㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Tǔ-ěrsha
*** Wade–Giles: Tʻu$^3$-êrh$^3$-sha$^1$
*** Yale: Tǔ-ěr-shā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tuueelsha
*** Palladius: Туэрша (Tuerša)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^2$ ji$^5$ saa$^1$
*** Yale: tóu yíh sā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^2$ ji$^5$ saa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^2$ yi$^5$ sa$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³⁵ jiː¹³ saː⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

土爾沙
* (Taiwan) Tulsa

#### Synonyms

* (Mainland China, Hong Kong) 塔爾薩／塔尔萨 (Tǎ'ěrsà)
# 土温
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 土温 – see 土溫 (“soil temperature”). (This term is the simplified and variant traditional form of 土溫).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# امبو
## Egyptian Arabic
### Alternative forms

* امبوه (ʔumbūh)

### Etymology

A widespread baby word; compare Omani Arabic مبوه (mbūh).

### Noun

امبو • (ʔumbū) m
* (childish) water (children's language: any drink, but especially water)
* (childish) drink
# 𐌳𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹
## Gothic
### Participle

𐌳𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹 • (drugkanai)
* inflection of 𐌳𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 (drugkans), the past participle of 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽 (drigkan):
** nominative masculine plural
** dative feminine singular
# 𑀉𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼
## Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit इक्षु (ikṣú). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼 (ikkhu).

### Noun

𑀉𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼 (ucchu) m (Devanagari उच्छु, Kannada ಉಚ್ಛು) (Māhārāṣṭrī)
* sugar cane

#### Descendants

* Konkani: ū̃s
    Devanagari script: ऊंस (ūusa)
    Kannada script: ಊಂಸ್ (ūṃs)
    Latin script: us
* Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: उस (usa)
    Modi script: 𑘄𑘭 (usa)
** Marathi: ऊस (ūs)

### References

* Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 99
* Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 19.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ikṣú”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸
## Gothic
### Verb

𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 • (rinnaiþ)
* second-person plural present active subjunctive of 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (rinnan)
# 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃
## Gothic
### Participle

𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 • (rinnands)
* present participle of 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (rinnan)

#### Declension

An/īn-stem, strong in m. nom. sg. :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rinnands, rinnanda | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 rinnandei | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 rinnandō |
| Accusative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 rinnandan | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 rinnandein | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 rinnandō |
| Genitive | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 rinnandins | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 rinnandeins | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 rinnandins |
| Dative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 rinnandin | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 rinnandein | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 rinnandin |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 rinnandans | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 rinnandeins | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 rinnandōna |
| Accusative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 rinnandans | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 rinnandeins | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 rinnandōna |
| Genitive | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 rinnandanē | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 rinnandeinō | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 rinnandanē |
| Dative | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 rinnandam | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼 rinnandeim | 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 rinnandam |
# 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *remaz. Cognate with Sanskrit रमते (ramate).

### Noun

𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 • (rimis) n
* calm, tranquility

#### Declension

Neuter a-stem :
| | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 rimis | — |
| Vocative | 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 rimis | — |
| Accusative | 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 rimis | — |
| Genitive | 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌹𐍃 rimisis | — |
| Dative | 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌰 rimisa | — |
# 太陽牀
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 太陽牀 – see 太陽床 (“tanning bed; sunbed”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 太陽床).
# استأمنتم
## Arabic
### Verb

اِسْتَأْمَنْتُمْ • (istaʔmantum) (form X) /is.taʔ.man.tum/
* second-person masculine plural past active of اِسْتَأْمَنَ (istaʔmana)
# 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃
## Gothic
### Noun

𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 • (fiskjans)
* nominative/accusative plural of 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌾𐌰 (fiskja)
# 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fiskōną.

### Verb

𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 • (fiskōn)
* to fish

#### Conjugation

Class 2 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 fiskōn | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 fiskōn | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 fiskōn |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 fiskō | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 fiskōda | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 fiskōda |
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 fiskōs | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐍃 fiskōdēs | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌶𐌰 fiskōza |
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌸 fiskōþ | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 fiskōda | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 fiskōda |
| 1st dual | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 fiskōs | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 fiskōdēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 fiskōts | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 fiskōdēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌼 fiskōm | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 fiskōdēdum | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 fiskōnda |
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌸 fiskōþ | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 fiskōdēduþ | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 fiskōnda |
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳 fiskōnd | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 fiskōdēdun | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 fiskōnda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 fiskō | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 fiskōdēdjau | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōdau |
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 fiskōs | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 fiskōdēdeis | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌶𐌰𐌿 fiskōzau |
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 fiskō | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 fiskōdēdi | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōdau |
| 1st dual | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍅𐌰 fiskōwa | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 fiskōdēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 fiskōts | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 fiskōdēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌼𐌰 fiskōma | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 fiskōdēdeima | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōndau |
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌸 fiskōþ | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 fiskōdēdeiþ | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōndau |
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌰 fiskōna | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 fiskōdēdeina | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōndau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 fiskō | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōdau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 fiskōts | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌸 fiskōþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fiskōndau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 fiskōnds | 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌸𐍃 fiskōþs | |

#### Derived terms

* 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌾𐌰 (fiskja, “fisherman”)

#### Related terms

* 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (fisks)
# 大鼓阵
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 大鼓阵 – see 大鼓陣 (“formation of large drums”). (This term is the simplified form of 大鼓陣).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 𐨡𐨭
## Gandhari
### Etymology

From Sanskrit दश (dáśa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /də.ʝə/

### Numeral

𐨡𐨭 (daśa)
* ten

### References

* ↑ Baums, Stefan, Glass, Andrew (2002–) “daśa”, in A Dictionary of Gandhari‎

## Niya Prakrit
### Etymology

From Sanskrit दश (dáśa).

### Numeral

𐨡𐨭 (daśa)
* ten

### References

* ↑ Burrow, Thomas (1937) The Language of the Kharosthi Documents from Chinese Turkestan, London: Cambridge University Press, page 39
# 𐰵

| 𐰵 | U+10C35, &#68661; OLD TURKIC LETTER YENISEI AQ |
| ← 𐰴 [U+10C34] | Old Turkic | 𐰶 → [U+10C36] |

## Old Turkic
### Etymology

Derived from Sogdian 𐼉 (x, “heth”), ultimately from Derived from Classical Syriac ܚ (“heth”).

### Letter

𐰵 (q)
* (Yenisei Kyrgyz) A letter of the Old Turkic runic script, representing /q/ used with back vowels.

### References

* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “k¹”, in The Origin of Turkic Runic Alphabet, London, pages 69 and 74
* Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 27
# 𑀮𑁄𑀅
## Prakrit
### Alternative forms

* 𑀮𑁄𑀕 (loga) — Ardhamagadhi, Jain Maharastri, Jain Sauraseni

### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀮𑁄𑀓 (loka), from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

### Noun

𑀮𑁄𑀅 (loa) m (Devanagari लोअ, Gujarati લોઅ, Kannada ಲೋಅ) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī)
* world
** Ṇamokāra :𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀅𑀭𑀺𑀳𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆 𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀲𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆 𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀆𑀬𑀭𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆 𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀉𑀯𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆 𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀮𑁄𑀏 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀫𑁆ṇamo arihantāṇam ṇamo siddhāṇam ṇamo āyariyāṇam ṇamo uvajjhāyāṇam ṇamo loe savvasāhūṇamI bow to the Arihants, I bow to the Siddhas, I bow to the Acharyas, I bow to the Upadhyayas, I bow to all sadhus in the world.
* people
** c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 32:𑀅𑀳 𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁄 𑀲𑀼𑀳𑀅 𑀢𑀼𑀏-𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀅 𑀡𑀯𑀭 𑀡𑀺𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀽𑀠𑁄 𑀏𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀺𑀁 𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀏 𑀅𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 𑀅𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀇 𑀮𑁄𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲aha saṃbhāviamaggo suhaa tue-ccea ṇavara ṇivvūḍho ĕṇhiṃ hiae aṇṇaṃ aṇṇaṃ vāāi loassa2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman TiekenWhat good old-fashioned honesty! But really, my dear, you’re the only one who goes in for it. Nowadays people think one thing and say another.

#### Declension
### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “lōká$^1$”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# 套間
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tàojiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^3$ gaan$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thò-kuiⁿ / thò-keng / thò-kan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tàojiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tàojian
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^4$-chien$^1$
*** Yale: tàu-jyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tawjian
*** Palladius: таоцзянь (taoczjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^3$ gaan$^1$
*** Yale: tou gāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^3$ gaan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^3$ gan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³³ kaːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò-kuiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thò-kuinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toirkvuy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kuĩ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò-keng
*** Tâi-lô: thò-king
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toirkefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰo²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò-kan
*** Tâi-lô: thò-kan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toirkafn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰo²¹⁻⁵³ kan⁴⁴/

### Noun

套間
* inner room
* apartment; flat

#### Synonyms

* (inner room): 套房 (tàofáng)
# اطبلي
## Arabic
### Verb

اُطْبُلِي • (uṭbulī) (form I) /utˤ.bu.liː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of طَبَلَ (ṭabala)
# اطراح
## Arabic
### Noun

اِطِّرَاح • (iṭṭirāḥ) m
* verbal noun of اِطَّرَحَ (iṭṭaraḥa) (form VIII)
# 堫

| 堫 | U+582B, &#22571; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-582B |
| ← 堪 [U+582A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 堬 → [U+582C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

堫 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土山金水 (GUCE), composition ⿰土㚇)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5267
* Dae Jaweon: page 471, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 465, character 8
* Unihan data for U+582B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 艐 | *kʰaːls, *krɯːds, *kʰaːls, *ʔsoːŋ |
| 堫 | *sʰroːŋ, *ʔsoːŋ |
| 葼 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 鬷 | *ʔsoːŋ, *ʔsoːŋʔ |
| 嵕 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 猣 | *ʔsoːŋ, *ʔsoːŋʔ |
| 鯼 | *ʔsoːŋ, *ʔsoːŋs |
| 椶 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 騣 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 蝬 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 翪 | *ʔsoːŋ, *ʔsoːŋʔ |
| 緵 | *ʔsoːŋ, *ʔsoːŋs |
| 稯 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 鬉 | *ʔsoːŋ |
| 糉 | *ʔsoːŋs |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zōng (zong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zong
*** Wade–Giles: tsung$^1$
*** Yale: dzūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzong
*** Palladius: цзун (czun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^1$
*** Yale: jūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsuwng, tsrhaewng
Rime :
| Character | 堫 | 堫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 初 (19) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 江 (9) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 子紅切 | 楚江切 |
| Baxter | tsuwng | tsrhaewng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡suŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰˠʌŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡suŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚɔŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡suŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰɔŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡səwŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡suŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰɔŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡suŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰɔŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡suŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰɔŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zōng | chuāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zung$^1$ | cong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰroːŋ/, /*ʔsoːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 堫 | 堫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 18077 | 18087 |
| Phonetic component | 翪 | 翪 |
| Rime group | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 囪 | 葼 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰroːŋ/ | /*ʔsoːŋ/ |

### Definitions

堫
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 1), p. 88
# اعتملنا
## Arabic
### Verb

اِعْتَمَلْنَا • (iʕtamalnā) (form VIII) /iʕ.ta.mal.naː/
* first-person plural past active of اِعْتَمَلَ (iʕtamala)
# 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀳𑀫𑀸𑀡
## Prakrit
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَبْد الرَّحْمٰن (ʕabd ar-raḥmān).

### Proper noun

𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀳𑀫𑀸𑀡 (addahamāṇa) m (Devanagari अद्दहमाण)
* Abdur Rahman (the author of the Sandeśarāsaka in Apabhraṃśa)
** c. 1000 – 1100, Abdur Rahman, Sandeśa-Rāsaka 4:तह तणओ कुल-कमलो पाइय-कव्वेसु गीय-विसयेसु । अद्दहमाण-पसिद्धो संनेहयरासयं रइयं ॥ ४ ॥taha taṇao kula-kamalo pāiya-kavvesu gīya-visayesu . addahamāṇa-pasiddho saṃnehayarāsayaṃ raïyaṃ . 4 .4. [Mirasena’s] son, who was like a lotus to his family, was famously known as Addahamāṇa for his Prakrit poems and musical compositions. He has composed this Sandeśarāsaka.

#### Descendants

* → Hindi: अद्दहमाण (addahmāṇ) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Muni Jinavijaya, Harivallabh Bhayani (1945) “अद्दहमाण”, in सन्देश रासक [sandeśa rāsaka] (Singhi Jain Series), 1st edition, Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, →OCLC, page १२४, column 1
* ↑ Muni Jinavijaya, Harivallabh Bhayani (1945) सन्देश रासक [sandeśa rāsaka] (Singhi Jain Series), 1st edition, Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, →OCLC, page ३
* ↑ Harivallabh Bhayani (1999) Samdesarasaka of Abdala Rahamana (Prakrit Text Series), 1st edition, Ahmedabad: Prakrit Text Society, page 57
# 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀳𑀻
## Prakrit
### Alternative forms

* 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀳𑀸 (addhamāgahā)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अर्धमागधी (ardhamāgadhī). By surface analysis, 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha) +‎ 𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀳𑀻 (māgahī).

### Proper noun

𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀳𑀻 (addhamāgahī) f (Devanagari अद्धमागही)
* Ardhamagadhi Prakrit

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “अद्धमागही”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
# 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अधिक (adhika).

### Adjective

𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika)
* exceeding, greater than
** c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.2:𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀅𑀠𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀯𑀲𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀬 𑀳𑀓𑀁 […] 𑀲𑀓𑁂adhikāni aḍhātiyāni vasāni ya hakaṃ […] sake1925 translation by Eugen HultzschMore than two and a half years (have passed) since I (am) a lay-worshipper (upasaka).

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Brahmagiri, Rajula-Mandagiri, Siddapura and Yerragudi.
Dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (“exceeding”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Rupnath | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀓𑁂𑀓 (sātirakeka), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑀓𑁂𑀓 (sātilakeka), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓 (sātileka) | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātileke), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀓𑁂𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (sātirakekāni), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑀓𑁂𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 per Hultzsch; n.nom.pl (sātilakekāni) |
| Central | Bairat | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka) | $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (sātirekāni) |
| Central | Sahasram | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sādhike) |
| Central | Gujarra | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sādhike) |
| Central | Panguraria | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) | $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sādhike) |
| Central | Bahapur | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓 (sātileka) | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātileke), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓𑁂𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (sātilekeni) |
| Central | Ahraura | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (sādhikāni) |
| South | Yerragudi | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka), 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika) | $^?$𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (adhikāni), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Siddapura | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka), 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika) | 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (adhikāni), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Brahmagiri | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka), 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika) | 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (adhikāni), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (sātirekāni), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Maski | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) | 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sādhike) |
| South | Jatinga-Rameshwara | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka) | $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Rajula-Mandagiri | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka), 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika) | $^?$𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (adhikāni), $^?$𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Nittur | 𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀓 (adhvika), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka) | 𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀦𑀺 n.nom.pl (adhvikāni), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
| South | Gavimath | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka) | 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑀸𑀡𑀺 n.nom.pl (sātirekāṇi), 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓𑁂 m.nom.sg (sātireke) |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (“exceeding”) :
* 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀓 (sātireka) (10) 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓 (sādhika) (5) 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀓 (adhika) (4) 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀓 (sātileka) (3) 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀓𑁂𑀓 (sātirakeka) (1) 𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀓 (adhvika) (1) 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀮𑀓𑁂𑀓 (sātilakeka) (1)

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀅𑀥𑀺𑀕 (adhiga)

### References

* Hultzsch, E[ugen Julius Theodor] (1925) Inscriptions of Aśoka (new edition)‎, in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
* Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “adhika-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 137
# بترسیم
## Persian
### Verb

بترسیم • (betarsim)
* first-person plural present subjunctive of ترسیدن (tarsidan)
# بترسم
## Persian
### Verb

بترسم • (betarsam)
* first-person singular present subjunctive of ترسیدن (tarsidan)
# 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀼
## Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit जानु (jānu), with obscure gemination.

### Noun

𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀼 (jaṇṇu) n (Devanagari जण्णु)
* alternative form of 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀼 (jāṇu, “knee”)

#### Declension
### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jā́nu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 286
# 𑀚𑀥
## Prakrit
### Adverb

𑀚𑀥 (jadha) (Devanagari जध) (Śaurasenī)
* Alternative form of 𑀚𑀥𑀸 (jadhā)
# 𑀚𑀥𑀸
## Prakrit
### Alternative forms

* 𑀚𑀥 (jadha)

### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀣𑀸 (yathā), from Sanskrit यथा (yáthā). Compare Maharastri Prakrit 𑀚𑀳𑀸 (jahā).

### Adverb

𑀚𑀥𑀸 (jadhā) (Devanagari जधा) (Śaurasenī)
* such as, just as, like

#### Descendants

* Takka Apabhramsa: 𑆘𑆴𑆣 (jidha)
* Vracada Apabhramsa:
** Sindhi:
    Arabic script: جان
    Devanagari script: जां

### Further reading

* Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “जधा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jadhā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# 埴轮
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 埴轮 – see 埴輪 (“haniwa”). (This term is the simplified form of 埴輪).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 𝤃𝪜𝤫𝪤
## German Sign Language
### Etymology

A variation of the sign for "S".

### Production

This one-handed GSL sign is produced as follows:
* Posture the dominant hand in the “S” shape, then move it downwards.

### Letter

* the letter ß
# اقدسي
## Arabic
### Verb

اُقْدُسِي • (uqdusī) (form I) /uq.du.siː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of قَدُسَ (qadusa)
# اقذف
## Arabic
### Verb

اِقْذِفْ • (iqḏif) (form I) /iq.ðif/
* second-person masculine singular imperative of قَذَفَ (qaḏafa)
# اشكون
## Arabic
### Verb

اُشْكُونَ • (uškūna) (form I) /uʃ.kuː.na/
* second-person feminine plural imperative of شَكَا (šakā)
# بعدئذ
## Arabic
### Etymology

بَعْدَ (baʕda) +‎ إِذٍ (ʔiḏin)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baʕ.da.ʔi.ðin/

### Adverb

بَعْدَئِذٍ • (baʕdaʔiḏin)
* after that

#### Antonyms

* قَبْلَئِذٍ (qablaʔiḏin, “before that”)
# 𐬯𐬆𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀
## Avestan
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćáwHištʰas (“strongest, mightiest, most powerful”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱéwh₁-isth₂-o-s, from *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, be strong”). Cognate with Sanskrit शविष्ठ (śaviṣṭha, “strongest”).

### Adjective

𐬯𐬆𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀 • (səuuišta)
* strongest, most powerful
# 𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀
## Avestan
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćuHrás (“strong”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to be strong, to swell”). Cognate with Sanskrit शूर (śūra).

### Adjective

𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 • (sūra)
* strong, mighty, powerful

### References

* ↑ Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909) “Mighty”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary‎, Bombay: The Fort Printing Press, →OCLC, page 331
# 𐬯𐬍𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀
## Avestan
### Noun

𐬯𐬍𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀 • (sīžaka)
* hedgehog

#### Synonyms

* 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀 (dužaka)
# 𛁡

| 𛁡 | U+1B061, &#110689; HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-4 |
| ← 𛁠 [U+1B060] | Kana Supplement | 𛁢 → [U+1B062] |

## Japanese
### Etymology

From man'yōgana kanji 當, written in cursive style.

### Syllable

𛁡 (romaji ta)
* (obsolete) The hentaigana syllable that is used to represent ta in old Japanese text.

#### Usage notes

It can also be added dakuten, becoming 𛁡゙, to represent da.
# 𛁜

| 𛁜 | U+1B05C, &#110684; HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-6 |
| ← 𛁛 [U+1B05B] | Kana Supplement | 𛁝 → [U+1B05D] |

## Japanese
### Etymology

From man'yōgana kanji 蘇, written in cursive style.

### Syllable

𛁜 (romaji so)
* (obsolete) The hentaigana syllable that is used to represent so in old Japanese text.

#### Usage notes

It can also be added dakuten, becoming 𛁜゙, to represent zo.
# 妃実子
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 妃 | 実 | 子 |
| き Grade: S | み Grade: 3 | こ Grade: 1 |
| nanori | kun'yomi | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 妃實子 (kyūjitai)
Kanji in this term :
| 妃 | 実 | 子 |
| ひ Grade: S | み Grade: 3 | こ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | kun'yomi | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 妃實子 (kyūjitai)

### Proper noun

妃(き)実(み)子(こ) or 妃(ひ)実(み)子(こ) • (Kimiko or Himiko)
* a female given name
# 夢遊
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mèngyóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ ㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): mung$^6$ jau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): muung$^5$ yiu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mèngyóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ ㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mèngyóu
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^4$-yu$^2$
*** Yale: mèng-yóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menqyou
*** Palladius: мэнъю (mɛnʺju)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mung$^6$ jau$^4$
*** Yale: muhng yàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mung$^6$ jau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mung$^6$ yeo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊŋ²² jɐu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: muung$^5$ yiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵐbɵŋ³² jiu²²/

### Verb

夢遊
* to travel in one's dream
* to sleepwalk

#### Derived terms

* 夢遊症／梦游症 (mèngyóuzhèng)
# 夢露
## Chinese

* 夢露

### Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of English Monroe.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Mènglù
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ ㄌㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mung$^6$ lou$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Mènglù
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ ㄌㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Mènglù
*** Wade–Giles: Mêng$^4$-lu$^4$
*** Yale: Mèng-lù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Menqluh
*** Palladius: Мэнлу (Mɛnlu)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mung$^6$ lou$^6$
*** Yale: muhng louh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mung$^6$ lou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mung$^6$ lou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊŋ²² lou̯²²/

### Proper noun

夢露
* Monroe (surname)

#### Usage notes

This translation is usually only used in 瑪麗蓮·夢露/玛丽莲·梦露 (“Marilyn Monroe”). For other names, 門羅／门罗 (Ménluó) is used.