# ἀνδρεία
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ᾰ̓νδρηῐ́η (andrēíē) — Ionic

### Etymology

From ἀνδρεῖος (andreîos, “manly”) +‎ -η (-ē, abstract noun–forming suffix). Compare ἠνορέη (ēnoréē).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /an.drěː.aː/ → /anˈdri.a/ → /anˈdri.a/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /an.drěː.aː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /anˈdri.a/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /anˈdri.a/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /anˈdri.a/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /anˈdri.a/

### Noun

ᾰ̓νδρείᾱ • (andreíā) f (genitive ᾰ̓νδρείᾱς); first declension (Attic, Koine)
* (uncountable) courage, bravery, fortitude (of men or women)
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.6.18:οἷον εἰ τὸ δειλοὺς εἶναι μάλιστα συμφέρει τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, δῆλον ὅτι ἀνδρεία μάλιστα ὠφέλιμον τοῖς πολίταις.hoîon ei tò deiloùs eînai málista sumphérei toîs ekhthroîs, dêlon hóti andreía málista ōphélimon toîs polítais.for example, if (our) being cowardly benefits the enemy the most, then it is clear that courage is the most beneficial to our citizens.
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.9.5:μέρη δὲ ἀρετῆς δικαιοσύνη, ἀνδρεία, σωφροσύνη, μεγαλοπρέπεια, μεγαλοψυχία, ἐλευθεριότης, φρόνησις, σοφία.mérē dè aretês dikaiosúnē, andreía, sōphrosúnē, megaloprépeia, megalopsukhía, eleutheriótēs, phrónēsis, sophía.Types of virtue: justice, courage, prudence, magnificence, magnanimity, liberality, discretion, wisdom.
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.9.8:ἀνδρεία δὲ δι’ ἣν πρακτικοί εἰσι τῶν καλῶν ἔργων ἐν τοῖς κινδύνοιςandreía dè di’ hḕn praktikoí eisi tôn kalôn érgōn en toîs kindúnoiscourage is the thing by which they are able to perform good deeds in dangerous circumstances
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 983:τώδ’ ἔν θ’ ἑορταῖς ἔν τε πανδήμῳ πόλει / τιμᾶν ἅπαντας οὕνεκ’ ἀνδρείας χρεώνtṓd’ én th’ heortaîs én te pandḗmōi pólei / timân hápantas hoúnek’ andreías khreṓnit is necessary for all to honor these two in festivals in the entire city because of bravery
* (countable) A brave deed
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 922a:τιμᾶν τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς ἄνδρας, ὅσοι σωτῆρες τῆς πόλεώς εἰσι συμπάσης εἴτε ἀνδρείαις εἴτε πολεμικαῖς μηχαναῖςtimân toùs agathoùs ándras, hósoi sōtêres tês póleṓs eisi sumpásēs eíte andreíais eíte polemikaîs mēkhanaîsto honor good men, those who are saviors of the entire city, either by brave deeds or plans in war

#### Synonyms

* ᾰ̓νδρῐ́ᾱ (andríā)

#### Antonyms

* δειλῐ́ᾱ (deilíā)

#### Descendants

* Greek: ανδρεία (andreía)

### Further reading

* “ἀνδρεία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἀνδρεία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ἀνδρεία in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* ἀνδρεία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. boldness idem, page 88.bravery idem, page 94.courage idem, page 178.fortitude idem, page 340.gallantry idem, page 352.heroism idem, page 398.manfulness idem, page 511.manliness idem, page 512.stoutness idem, page 821.sturdiness idem, page 830.valour idem, page 943.
* “ἀνδρεία”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011