# ἔνθα
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἔνθ’ (énth’) — apocopic

### Etymology

From ἐν- (en-, “there”) +‎ -θα (-tha, “towards”). Cognate with Tocharian B entwe (“then, thereupon”).
The regular medial destination demonstrative reflex is ἐνταῦθα (entaûtha). Alternatively, this is the regular reflex and the other term's τοῦ (toû) is an extension. The distal place one is ἐκεῖ (ekeî), and the relative place one is οὗ (hoû).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /én.tʰa/ → /ˈen.θa/ → /ˈen.θa/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /én.tʰa/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈen.tʰa/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈen.θa/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈen.θa/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈen.θa/

### Adverb

ἔνθᾰ • (éntha)
* (demonstrative) there, thither (location or movement)
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.231:ἔνθ’ Ὕπνῳ ξύμβλητο κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιοénth’ Húpnōi xúmblēto kasignḗtōi ThanátoioThere she met Sleep, the brother of Death.
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.23:ἔνθ’ ἐλθὼν ὑπ’ ὄχεσφι τιτύσκετο χαλκόποδ’ ἵππωénth’ elthṑn hup’ ókhesphi titúsketo khalkópod’ híppōThither came he, and let harness beneath his car his two bronze hooved horses
* (demonstrative) thereupon, then
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.1:ἔνθ’ αὖ Τυδεΐδῃ Διομήδεϊ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη δῶκε μένος καὶ θάρσοςénth’ aû Tudeḯdēi Diomḗdeï Pallàs Athḗnē dôke ménos kaì thársosAnd then to Tydeus' son, Diomedes, Pallas Athene gave might and courage.
* (relative) where, whither (location or movement)
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.610:Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊ’ [...], ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ’ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι:Zeùs dè pròs hòn lékhos ḗï’ [...], éntha páros koimâth’ hóte min glukùs húpnos hikánoi:And Zeus [...] went to his couch, where of old he took his rest, whenever sweet sleep came upon him.
* (relative) when
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 7.4.15:μάλα ἔστιν ἔνθα ἰσχυρῶς ὠφελοῦσι σφενδονῆται παρόντεςmála éstin éntha iskhurôs ōpheloûsi sphendonêtai paróntesthere are occasions when the presents of slingers is of very effective assistance

#### Synonyms

* (there): ἐκεῖ (ekeî), ἐνταῦθᾰ (entaûtha), τόθῐ (tóthi), ἐκεῖσε (ekeîse), αὐτοῦ (autoû)
* (then): τότε (tóte), ᾰ̓́ρᾰ (ára), ἔπειτᾰ (épeita)
* (where): ὅθῐ (hóthi), ὅποι (hópoi), οἷ (hoî), ᾗ (hêi), ῐ̔́νᾰ (hína)
* (when): ὅτε (hóte), εὖτε (eûte), ὁπότε (hopóte), ἐπεί (epeí)

#### Derived terms

* ἔνθᾰ καὶ ἔνθᾰ (éntha kaì éntha, “here and there”)
* ἐνθᾰ́δε (entháde, “here, there, now”)
* ἔνθᾰπερ (énthaper)
* ἐνταῦθα (entaûtha, “here, there, hither”)

#### Related terms

* ἔνθεν (énthen)

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### Further reading

* “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἔνθα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἔνθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἔνθα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἔνθα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* “ἔνθα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. where idem, page 975.whither idem, page 977.