# 窈窕淑女
## Chinese

| | | quiet and elegant; graceful and fair; gentle and beautiful | virtuous and beautiful woman; lady; quiet girl |
| trad. (窈窕淑女) | trad. (窈窕淑女) | 窈窕 | 淑女 |
| simp. $^#$(窈窕淑女) | simp. $^#$(窈窕淑女) | 窈窕 | 淑女 |

### Etymology

From the Classic of Poetry, poem 1 (《詩經·周南·關雎》):
    窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's versionYǎotiǎo shūnǚ, jūnzǐ hǎoqiú. [Pinyin]The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady: For our prince a good mate she.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎotiǎoshūnǚ, yǎotiǎoshúnǚ
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨ ㄋㄩˇ, ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨˊ ㄋㄩˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): miu$^5$ tiu$^5$ suk$^6$ neoi$^5$ / jiu$^2$ tiu$^5$ suk$^6$ neoi$^5$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): iao$^2$ tiao$^2$ sog$^4$ neng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎotiǎoshūnǚ [Phonetic: yáotiǎoshūnǚ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨ ㄋㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎotiǎoshunyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^3$-tʻiao$^3$-shu$^1$-nü$^3$
*** Yale: yǎu-tyǎu-shū-nyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeauteaushuneu
*** Palladius: яотяошунюй (jaotjaošunjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎotiǎoshúnǚ [Phonetic: yáotiǎoshúnǚ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨˊ ㄋㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎotiǎoshúnyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^3$-tʻiao$^3$-shu$^2$-nü$^3$
*** Yale: yǎu-tyǎu-shú-nyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeauteaushwuneu
*** Palladius: яотяошунюй (jaotjaošunjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu³⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: miu$^5$ tiu$^5$ suk$^6$ neoi$^5$ / jiu$^2$ tiu$^5$ suk$^6$ neoi$^5$
*** Yale: míuh tíuh suhk néuih / yíu tíuh suhk néuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: miu$^5$ tiu$^5$ suk$^9$ noey$^5$ / jiu$^2$ tiu$^5$ suk$^9$ noey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: miu$^5$ tiu$^5$ sug$^6$ nêu$^5$ / yiu$^2$ tiu$^5$ sug$^6$ nêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /miːu̯¹³ tʰiːu̯¹³ sʊk̚² nɵy̯¹³/, /jiːu̯³⁵ tʰiːu̯¹³ sʊk̚² nɵy̯¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iao$^2$ tiao$^2$ sog$^4$ neng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iáu thiáu sok nṳ́ng
*** Sinological IPA : /iau⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰiau⁵²⁻³⁵ sok̚²⁻⁴ nɯŋ⁵²⁻²¹/
* Middle Chinese: 'ewX dewX dzyuwk nrjoX
Rime :
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 定 (7) | 常 (25) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) | 蕭 (93) | 屋 (4) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV | III | III |
| Fanqie | 烏皎切 | 徒了切 | 殊六切 | 尼吕切 |
| Baxter | 'ewX | dewX | dzyuwk | nrjoX |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔeu$^X$/ | /deu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑɨuk̚/ | /ɳɨʌ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔeu$^X$/ | /deu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiuk̚/ | /ɳiɔ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔeu$^X$/ | /deu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiuk̚/ | /niɔ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛw$^X$/ | /dɛw$^X$/ | /d͡ʑuwk̚/ | /ɳɨə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔeu$^X$/ | /deu$^X$/ | /ʑiuk̚/ | /niɔ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ieu$^X$/ | /dieu$^X$/ | /ʑĭuk̚/ | /nĭo$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔieu$^X$/ | /dʱieu$^X$/ | /ʑi̯uk̚/ | /ni̯wo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎo | diào | shú | nǚ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^2$ | diu$^6$ | suk$^6$ | neoi$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤ[e]wʔ lˤ[e]wʔ [d]iwk nraʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qiːwʔ l'eːwʔ ɦljɯwɢ naʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǎo | tiǎo | shū | nǚ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔew$^X$ › | ‹ dew$^X$ › | ‹ dzyuwk › | ‹ nrjo$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁ[e]wʔ/ | /*lˁ[e]wʔ/ | /*[d]iwk/ | /*nraʔ/ |
| English | ʔewX-dewX hidden; deep | 窈窕 beautiful | fine, good | female |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 15634 | 16893 | 11756 | 9616 |
| Phonetic component | 幼 | 兆 | 尗 | 女 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 宵 | 覺 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 窕 | 熟 | |
| Old Chinese | /*qiːwʔ/ | /*l'eːwʔ/ | /*ɦljɯwɢ/ | /*naʔ/ |

### Idiom

窈窕淑女
* virtuous and beautiful girl
    From: 1983, 蕭乾, 《海外行蹤》
    Yīnwèi zài qiánbiān lǐnglù de nàwèi yǎotiǎoshūnǚ míngmíng hěn cóngróng de jiù zǒu guoqu le [Pinyin]
    Because obviously that virtuous and beautiful girl who led the way ahead had walked past very calmly

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |

### Noun

窈窕淑女 • (yojosungnyeo) (hangeul 요조숙녀)
* hanja form of 요조숙녀 (“reserved and beautiful young woman”)