# 鴿

| 鴿 | U+9D3F, &#40255; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D3F |
| ← 鴾 [U+9D3E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鵀 → [U+9D40] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鴿 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人口竹日火 (ORHAF), four-corner 8762$_7$, composition ⿰合鳥)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1489, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46884
* Dae Jaweon: page 2020, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4630, character 15
* Unihan data for U+9D3F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 鴿
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 龕 | *kʰuːm |
| 媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
| 頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
| 答 | *tkuːb |
| 畣 | *tkuːb |
| 荅 | *tkuːb |
| 嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
| 撘 | *tuːb |
| 搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
| 蛤 | *kuːb |
| 鴿 | *kuːb |
| 合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
| 鉿 | *kuːb |
| 閤 | *kuːb |
| 鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 鮯 | *kuːb |
| 哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
| 姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
| 欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
| 盒 | *ɡuːb |
| 耠 | *ɡuːb |
| 詥 | *ɡuːb |
| 塔 | *tʰuːb |
| 鞳 | *tʰoːb |
| 劄 | *rtuːb |
| 跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
| 袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
| 餄 | *kruːb |
| 恰 | *kʰruːb |
| 帢 | *kʰruːb |
| 洽 | *ɡruːb |
| 祫 | *ɡruːb |
| 珨 | *ɡruːb |
| 烚 | *ɡruːb |
| 歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
| 湁 | *tkʰub |
| 拾 | *ɡjub |
| 給 | *krub |
| 翕 | *qʰrub |
| 噏 | *qʰrub |
| 潝 | *qʰrub |
| 熻 | *qʰrub |
| 嬆 | *qʰrub |
| 翖 | *qʰrub |
| 闟 | *qʰrub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gē (ge$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): go$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гә (gə, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaap$^3$ / gap$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): got$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kap
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gab$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): gah$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): gŏ̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gab$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$keq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): go$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gē
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ge
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^1$
*** Yale: gē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ge
*** Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: go$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: go
*** Sinological IPA : /ko²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гә (gə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /kə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaap$^3$ / gap$^3$
*** Yale: gaap / gap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaap$^8$ / gap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gab$^3$ / geb$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːp̚³/, /kɐp̚³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: got$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɵt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gah$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kaʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gŏ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gák
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kap
*** Tâi-lô: kap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kab
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kap̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gab$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kap
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$keq
*** MiniDict: keh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$keq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kəʔ⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: go$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ko²⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit鴿 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kɤ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /kɤ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /kɤ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /kə²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ka⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /kɤ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /kɤ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ku⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /kə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /kə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /kɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /kuo²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ko³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ko²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ko³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /koʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /kɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kaʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /kʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /kaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /kəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /kɑʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /kø²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /kɔʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kən²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ko²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ko²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kɵʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kap̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kɑp̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐp̚³/ /kap̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kɐp̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kɐp̚³/ /kap̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kap̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kɑʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kɔ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kap̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kap̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: kop
Rime :
| Character | 鴿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 合 (160) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古沓切 |
| Baxter | kop |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʌp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɒp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kᴀp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kɒp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ge |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[ə]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kuːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鴿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kop › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁ[ə]p/ (no pre-Qín exx.) |
| English | dove [not in GSR] |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鴿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4954 |
| Phonetic component | 合 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 閤 |
| Old Chinese | /*kuːb/ |

### Definitions

鴿
* pigeon; dove
* (neologism, Internet slang, humorous) Short for 放鴿子／放鸽子 (fàng gēzi).
    鴿了／鸽了 ― gē le ― to be failed to show up by someone, to ghost

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 鴿 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鴿子 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 鴿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子, 鵓鴿兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 鴿子, 鵓鴿兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 鵓鴿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 鴿子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 鴿子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 鵓鴿, 鴿子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 鵓鷜鴿兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 鵓鴿兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 鵓鴿兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 鵓鴿 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 鵓鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 鴿子, 鵓鴿兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 鵓鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 雲雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 鷜鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 鷜鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 鴿子, 鴿鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 鵓鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 鴿子, 鴿鵓 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 鵓鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 鵓鴿 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou (Jiawang) | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suining | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Peixian | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyi | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fengxian | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suqian | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 鵓鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 鴿子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 鴿子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 鴿子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 鴿子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 鴿子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 鴿子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 鴿子, 鵓鴿 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 鴿子, 鴿子鳥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 鴿子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou (Jiangdu) | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Gaoyou | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yizheng | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taixing | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou (Jiangyan) | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jingjiang (Dongxing) | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jurong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 鴿子, 鵓鴿子, 小鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guanyun | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guannan | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Hongze) | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jinhu | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rudong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hai'an | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Dongtai | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Binhai | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sheyang | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jianhu | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xiangshui | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Shuyang | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Siyang | 小鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 鴿子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 鴿子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 鴿 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 白鴿, 鴿子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 鴿 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 鴿 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 白鴿雀 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 鴿 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Sarikei (Xinhui) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 鴿, 白鴿 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 白鴿 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鴿子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 鴿兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鴿子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 月鴿仔, 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 白鴿, 鴿 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 鴿哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 白鴿, 白鴿哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 白鴿哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 鴿哩 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 鴿哎 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 鴿蒂 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 鴿 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 鴿 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Changting | 鴿哩 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 鴿子 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) | 鴿鳥 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) | 鴿鳥 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Laiyuan) | 鴿 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鴿子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 鴿子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 月鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 月鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 鷂鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 月鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 月鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 月鴿仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 月鴿仔, 粉鳥 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 粉鳥 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 月鴿, 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 白鴿 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 月鴿 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 白鴿 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鴿 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 鴿 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 鴿兒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鴿子, 木鴿兒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jiancaoping) | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jinyuan) | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 木鴿子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Datong | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鴿子, 鷜鷜 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 鴿子, 木鴿兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 鷜鷜 |
| Jin | Linhe | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Jining | 鴿子, 鷜鷜 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 鴿子, 鷜鷜 |
| Jin | Baotou | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 鴿兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Handan | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 鴿了 |
| Jin | Suide | 鴿子 |
| Jin | Shenmu | 鴿虎, 鴿子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 白鴿 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 鴿 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 白鴿 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 白鴿 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 白鴿 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 鴿仔, 子仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 鴿仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 粉鳥, 鴿仔, 子仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 鴿仔, 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 粉鳥, 粉鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 粉鳥, 子仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 鴿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鴿 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 鴿仔, 鴿, 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鴿仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 鴿 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 鴿, 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 粉鳥 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 飛鴿 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 白鴿 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 白鴿 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鴿 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鴿 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 鴿 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 白鴿 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 白鴿 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鵓鴿, 鴿 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Shajing) | 鵓鴿 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang (Xinqiao) | 白鴿 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 鴿子 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 白鴿 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 白鴿 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 鵓鴿, 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 鵓鴿, 鴿子 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Wujiang) | 鵓鴿, 鴿子 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Changshu | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Taicang | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Nantong (Tongzhou) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Qidong | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Haimen (Sijia) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Liyang | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Changzhou (Jintan) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Yixing | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Jingjiang | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Jiangyin | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Huzhou (Shuanglin) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 鴿子, 白鴿 |
| Wu | Zhuji (Wangjiajing) | 鴿子 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Chongren) | 鴿 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Taiping) | 鴿 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 白鴿 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 鵓鴿 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 白剪 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 白鴿 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 鴿兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 鵓鴿, 鵓鴿兒, 鴿子 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 鵓鴿 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鴿子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鴿子, 鵓鴣子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鵓鴣子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 鴿子 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 鴿子 |

### Compounds

* 信鴿／信鸽 (xìngē)
* 傳書鴿／传书鸽
* 和平鴿／和平鸽 (hépínggē)
* 家鴿／家鸽
* 放野鵓鴿／放野鹁鸽
* 放鴿子／放鸽子 (fàng gēzi)
* 白鴿／白鸽 (báigē)
* 肉食鴿／肉食鸽
* 肉鴿／肉鸽
* 菜鴿子／菜鸽子
* 警鴿／警鸽
* 賽鴿／赛鸽
* 野鴿／野鸽
* 飛鴿傳書／飞鸽传书
* 餐鴿／餐鸽
* 馴鴿／驯鸽
* 鴿子／鸽子 (gēzi)
* 鴿子籠／鸽子笼
* 鴿市／鸽市
* 鴿樓／鸽楼
* 鴿派／鸽派 (gēpài)
* 鵓鴿／鹁鸽 (bógē)

### References

* “鴿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: はと (hato, 鴿)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鴿
* はと Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 鴿 – see the following entry. :
| 【鳩はと】J | [noun] pigeon, dove (bird of genus Columba) Alternative spelling ハト |
(This term, 鴿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鴿: Hán Nôm readings: cáp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.