# 淆

| 淆 | U+6DC6, &#28102; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DC6 |
| ← 淅 [U+6DC5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 淇 → [U+6DC7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

淆 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水大大月 (EKKB), four-corner 3412$_7$, composition ⿰氵肴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 629, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17619
* Dae Jaweon: page 1031, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1654, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6DC6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 崤 | *ɢaːw, *ɢraːw |
| 郩 | *qaːwʔ |
| 敎 | *kraːw, *kraːws |
| 較 | *kreːwɢs, *kreːwɢ |
| 肴 | *ɢraːw |
| 淆 | *ɢraːw |
| 倄 | *ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ |
| 爻 | *ɢraːw |
| 餚 | *ɢraːw |
| 殽 | *ɢraːw |
| 笅 | *ɢraːw |
| 駁 | *praːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢraːw) : semantic 水 + phonetic 肴 (OC *ɢraːw).

### Etymology

An endopassive derivative of 交 (OC *kreːw), with initial voicing (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiáo, yáo
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˊ, ㄧㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaau$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gâu / ngâu / hâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngao$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siáo
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^2$
*** Yale: syáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^2$
*** Yale: yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngaau$^4$
*** Yale: ngàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngaau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋaːu̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâu
*** Tâi-lô: gâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gaau
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngâu
*** Tâi-lô: ngâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ngaau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ŋãu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋãu¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâu
*** Tâi-lô: hâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haau
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /hau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hau¹³/
* gâu/ngâu - vernacular (俗);
* hâu - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit淆 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɑu³⁵/ /iɑu³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iau²¹³/ /ʐau²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iɑu⁴⁵/ /ɕiɑu⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ɕiɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iau⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /niau²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɕiɔ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /iɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɕiɔ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ɕiau⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ɕiau³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ɕiao²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ɕiɔ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ɕiɔo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iau¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /iɔ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiɔ³⁵/ /ɦiɔ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦiæ¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦiɔ²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɦuɔ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕiɔ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕiau¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɕiaɯ¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋau¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /hɑu¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋau²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ŋau²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ŋau²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hau³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋau⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋau²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋaũ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiau²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: haew
Rime :
| Character | 淆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡茅切 |
| Baxter | haew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣau/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣau/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢraːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 淆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14646 |
| Phonetic component | 爻 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 肴 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢraːw/ |

### Definitions

淆
* confused; in disarray; mixed up
* (Cantonese) Short for 淆底.

#### Compounds

* 淆亂／淆乱
* 淆惑
* 混淆
* 混淆不清
* 混淆是非
* 混淆視聽／混淆视听
* 混淆黑白
* 淆紊
* 淆雜／淆杂
* 玉石混淆
* 良莠淆雜／良莠淆杂
* 黑白混淆

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: まじる (majiru, 淆じる)

## Korean
### Hanja

淆 (eum 효 (hyo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

淆: Hán Nôm readings: hào
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.