# 經常
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīngcháng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄔㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ging$^1$ soeng$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn-sòng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): keng-siông / keng-siâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng$^1$ sion$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cin-zan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīngcháng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄔㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jingcháng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$-chʻang$^2$
*** Yale: jīng-cháng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingcharng
*** Palladius: цзинчан (czinčan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ging$^1$ soeng$^4$
*** Yale: gīng sèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ging$^1$ soeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ging$^1$ sêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-sòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: gin$^ˊ$ song$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gin$^1$ song$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴ soŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-siông
*** Tâi-lô: king-siông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kengsioong
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³ siɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-siâng
*** Tâi-lô: king-siâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kengsiaang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² siaŋ¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gêng$^1$ sion$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng siôⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /keŋ³³⁻²³ sĩõ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$cin-zan
*** MiniDict: cin$^平$ zan
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jin-zan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ zã²¹/

### Adverb

經常
* often; regularly; frequently
       Tā jiǎngkè de shíhòu kètáng shàng jīngcháng shì kōngkōngrúyě. [Pinyin]
       When he teaches, the classroom is often empty.
       Lǎoshī, wǒ yǐhòu kěyǐ jīngcháng guòlái xiàng nín tǎojiào ma? [Pinyin]
       Teacher, can I seek more advice from you in the future?

#### Synonyms

* 動輒／动辄 (dòngzhé) (literary)
* 常常 (chángcháng)
* 常時／常时 (chángshí)
* 往往 (wǎngwǎng)
* 慣／惯 (guàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 時常／时常 (shícháng)
* 時時／时时 (shíshí)
* 每每 (měiměi)
* 終古／终古 (zhōnggǔ) (literary)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 經常, 時常, 常常, 時時, 往往, 每每 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 常 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 常常 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 時不見兒, 時不當, 時不當兒, 時不常, 時不常兒, 時不時 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 常常 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 常常, 常, 時常 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 常常, 常, 時常 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 時常, 常常, 隨時, 時不時 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 帶常, 時常 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 常 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 常 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 時時, 時常, 長時, 周時, 遇時, 時不時 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 成日, 經常, 時時, 好多時, 好多時候, 周時, 周不時 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 經常 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 周時 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 千常, 時常 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 輒常, 長時, 時常, 時不時 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 登常, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 輒輒, 長在, 輒常, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 經常 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 輒輒, 常勻, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 輒輒, 不時, 輒, 恬恬, 長透, 時時 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 長日 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 三不時, 時不時 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 常常, 時常, 時不時 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 稠稠, 稠, 盡稠 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 定定, 長長, 四常, 時常, 常常, 不時, 不期時 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 定定, 長長, 四常, 時常, 常常, 不時 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 定定, 時常, 常常, 不時, 不期時 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 定定, 時常, 常常, 不時, 捷捷, 沓沓, 常在, 往往 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 定定, 常常, 四常, 不時 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 長時, 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 經常, 時常, 時時, 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 長世, 長常 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 常樁, 常常, 經常 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 千常 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 時常, 常時, 常樁 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 老老, 老長 rare, 長常 rare, 長時 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 清清, 常期 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 練常, 打常, 扯常, 扯常子, 時不時 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 練常, 常常 |

### Adjective

經常
* ordinary; everyday; common
    經常開支／经常开支 ― jīngcháng kāizhī ― overhead (literally, “usual expenses”)