# 貰

| 貰 | U+8CB0, &#36016; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CB0 |
| ← 貯 [U+8CAF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 貱 → [U+8CB1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

貰 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心廿月山金 (PTBUC), four-corner 4480$_6$, composition ⿱世貝)

#### Derived characters

* 𣽒, 𧸊, 勩, 𤺔

#### Descendants

* 贳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1206, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36699
* Dae Jaweon: page 1668, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3631, character 3
* Unihan data for U+8CB0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 貰 | *ɦljebs, *hljebs |
| 跇 | *l̥ʰebs, *lebs |
| 迣 | *ʔljebs |
| 世 | *hljebs |
| 泄 | *lebs, *sled |
| 枻 | *lebs |
| 詍 | *lebs |
| 靾 | *lebs |
| 袣 | *lebs |
| 抴 | *lebs, *led |
| 呭 | *lebs |
| 勩 | *lebs, *libs |
| 屜 | *l̥ʰeːbs |
| 鰈 | *l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb |
| 渫 | *zreːb, *sled |
| 煠 | *zreːb, *l̥ʰeb, *leb |
| 喋 | *rlaːb, *ʔl'eːb, *l'eːb |
| 鞢 | *rlaːb, *sleːb |
| 殜 | *l'eb, *leb, *lab |
| 葉 | *hljeb, *leb |
| 弽 | *hljeb, *hleːb |
| 韘 | *hljeb, *sleːb |
| 枼 | *leb |
| 楪 | *leb |
| 揲 | *leb, *l'eːb, *ɦljed |
| 鍱 | *leb |
| 偞 | *leb, *hleːb |
| 蝶 | *l̥ʰeːb, *l'eːb |
| 牒 | *l'eːb |
| 蹀 | *l'eːb |
| 諜 | *l'eːb |
| 堞 | *l'eːb |
| 牃 | *l'eːb |
| 褋 | *l'eːb |
| 惵 | *l'eːb |
| 碟 | *l'eːb |
| 屧 | *sleːb |
| 屟 | *sleːb |
| 紲 | *sled |
| 齛 | *sled |
| 疶 | *sled |
| 緤 | *sled |
| 媟 | *sled |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljebs, *hljebs) : phonetic 世 (OC *hljebs) + semantic 貝 (“cowrie, currency”).

### Etymology

Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs 貰 (OC *lhas ~ *m-las) and proposes that it is derived from 賒 (OC *lha) with extrovert suffix *-s/*-h. See there for further etymology.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sai$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sai$^3$
*** Yale: sai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐi̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: syejH, zyaeH
Rime :
| Character | 貰 | 貰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 船 (27) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 舒制切 | 神夜切 |
| Baxter | syejH | zyaeH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇi$^H$/ | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjæi$^H$/ | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiaj$^H$/ | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /d͡ʑia$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛi$^H$/ | /d͡ʑĭa$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛi$^H$/ | /d͡ʑʰi̯a$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì | shè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sai$^3$ | se$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l̥][a]p-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljebs/, /*hljebs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 貰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[l̥][a]p-s/ |
| English | lend, borrow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 貰 | 貰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11534 | 11538 |
| Phonetic component | 世 | 世 |
| Rime group | 蓋 | 蓋 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 射 | 丗 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljebs/ | /*hljebs/ |

### Definitions

貰
* (literary) to buy on credit
* (literary) to borrow; to lease
* (literary) to loan; to lend
* (literary) to pardon; to absolve

### Compounds

* 假貰／假贳
* 傳貰／传贳 (chuánshì)
* 半傳貰／半传贳 (bànchuánshì)
* 容貰／容贳
* 寬貰／宽贳
* 月貰／月贳 (yuèshì)
* 朔月貰／朔月贳
* 誅故貰誤／诛故贳误
* 貰廛／贳廛
* 貰忍／贳忍
* 貰患／贳患
* 貰死／贳死
* 貰貣／贳𰷞
* 貸貰／贷贳
* 貰貸／贳贷
* 貰賬／贳账
* 貰赦／贳赦
* 貰過／贳过
* 貰酒／贳酒
* 貰錢／贳钱
* 賒貰／赊贳
* 赦貰／赦贳
* 金貂貰酒／金貂贳酒
* 降貰／降贳

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* I receive from you

#### Readings

* Go-on: せ (se)、じゃ (ja)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)、しゃ (sha)
* Kun: もらう (morau, 貰う)、かりる (kariru, 貰りる)、ゆるす (yurusu, 貰す)、おきのる (okinoru, 貰る)

### References

* 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.
* “貰”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

## Korean
### Hanja

貰 (eumhun 세낼 세 (senael se))
* rent; (for) hire
* loan

#### Compounds

* 연세 (年貰, yeonse)
* 월세 (月貰, wolse)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

貰: Hán Nôm readings: thởi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.