OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 眅

| 眅 | U+7705, &#30469; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7705 |
| ← 眄 [U+7704] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 眆 → [U+7706] |

## Translingual
### Han character

眅 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月山竹水 (BUHE), four-corner 6104$_7$, composition ⿰目反)
* inlay
* border

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 802, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23183
* Dae Jaweon: page 1218, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2475, character 8
* Unihan data for U+7705

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 眅
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 扳 | *praːn, *pʰraːn |
| 板 | *praːnʔ |
| 版 | *praːnʔ |
| 瓪 | *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ |
| 昄 | *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ |
| 鈑 | *praːnʔ |
| 蝂 | *praːnʔ |
| 眅 | *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ |
| 阪 | *braːnʔ, *panʔ |
| 魬 | *braːnʔ |
| 粄 | *paːnʔ |
| 反 | *panʔ, *pʰan |
| 返 | *panʔ |
| 坂 | *panʔ |
| 畈 | *pans |
| 販 | *pans |
| 汳 | *pʰans |
| 飯 | *bonʔ, *bons |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pān (pan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): paan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pān
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pan
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^1$
*** Yale: pān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pan
*** Palladius: пань (panʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: paan$^1$
*** Yale: pāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: paan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: phaen, phaenX
Rime :
| Character | 眅 | 眅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (69) | 刪 (69) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 普班切 | 普板切 |
| Baxter | phaen | phaenX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠan/ | /pʰˠan$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚan/ | /pʰᵚan$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɐn/ | /pʰɐn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨn/ | /pʰaɨn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰan/ | /pʰan$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰan/ | /pʰan$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰan/ | /pʰan$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pān | pǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | paan$^1$ | paan$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰraːn/, /*pʰraːnʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 眅 | 眅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2959 | 2961 |
| Phonetic component | 反 | 反 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 攀 | 眅 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰraːn/ | /*pʰraːnʔ/ |

### Definitions

眅
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 航餐
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hángcān
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ ㄘㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^4$ caan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hángcān
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ ㄘㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hángcan
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^2$-tsʻan$^1$
*** Yale: háng-tsān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harngtsan
*** Palladius: ханцань (xancanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ³⁵ t͡sʰän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^4$ caan$^1$
*** Yale: hòhng chāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^4$ tsaan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^4$ can$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sʰaːn⁵⁵/

### Noun

航餐
* airline meal; in-flight meal

#### Synonyms

* 飛機餐／飞机餐 (fēijīcān)
# ترحمون
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

ترحمون (form I)
* تَرْحَمُونَ (tarḥamūna) /tar.ħa.muː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of رَحِمَ (raḥima)
* تُرْحَمُونَ (turḥamūna) /tur.ħa.muː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of رَحِمَ (raḥima)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ترحمون (form II)
* تُرَحِّمُونَ (turaḥḥimūna) /tu.raħ.ħi.muː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of رَحَّمَ (raḥḥama)
* تُرَحَّمُونَ (turaḥḥamūna) /tu.raħ.ħa.muː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of رَحَّمَ (raḥḥama)
# плануєте
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɫɐˈnujete]

### Verb

плану́єте • (planújete)
* second-person plural present imperfective of планува́ти (planuváty)
# supistelma
## Finnish
### Etymology

supistella +‎ -ma

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsupistelmɑ/, [ˈs̠upis̠ˌte̞lmɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -elmɑ
* Syllabification: su‧pis‧tel‧ma

### Noun

supistelma
* abridged version

#### Declension

Possessive forms of supistelma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :

### Further reading

* “supistelma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# 怨靈
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 怨 | 靈 |
| おん Grade: S | りょう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 怨靈 – see the following entry. :
| 【怨霊おんりょう】 | [noun] a ghost, particularly a vengeful or malevolent one |
(This term, 怨靈, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :
# 罗汉病
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罗汉病 – see 羅漢病 (“schistosomiasis”). (This term is the simplified form of 羅漢病).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# vuohenvilla
## Finnish
### Etymology

vuohen +‎ villa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋuo̯henˌʋilːɑ/, [ˈʋuo̞̯ɦe̞nˌʋilːɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ilːɑ
* Syllabification: vuo‧hen‧vil‧la

### Noun

vuohenvilla
* goat wool

#### Declension

Possessive forms of vuohenvilla (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :

### Further reading

* “vuohenvilla”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# নাৰিকল
## Assamese
### Etymology

Inherited from Early Assamese নাৰিকল (narikolo), borrowed from Sanskrit নাৰিকেল (nārikela), from a Dravidian language. Cognate with Sylheti ꠘꠣꠁꠞ꠆ꠇꠟ (nairkol).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.ɹi.kɔl/, /naɪ.kɔl/

### Noun

নাৰিকল • (narikol)
* coconut (usually the brown/dry one)
    Synonyms: (green) ডাব (dab), পুদোটক (pudütok)
# 舌吻
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shéwěn
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˊ ㄨㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sit$^6$ man$^5$ / sit$^3$ man$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shéwěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˊ ㄨㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shéwǔn
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^2$-wên$^3$
*** Yale: shé-wěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sherwoen
*** Palladius: шэвэнь (šɛvɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ³⁵ wən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sit$^6$ man$^5$ / sit$^3$ man$^5$
*** Yale: siht máhn / sit máhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sit$^9$ man$^5$ / sit$^8$ man$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xid$^6$ men$^5$ / xid$^3$ men$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːt̚² mɐn¹³/, /siːt̚³ mɐn¹³/

### Verb

舌吻
* to French kiss; to snog; to tongue kiss
    我跟他舌吻了。 ― Wǒ gēn tā shéwěn le. ― I French kissed him.
# terceres
## Asturian
### Adjective

terceres
* feminine plural of terceru

## Catalan
### Adjective

terceres
* feminine plural of tercer
# det var en gang
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

Literally "there was once", or, even more literally: "it was one time".

### Phrase

det var en gang
* once upon a time, there was ...

### See also

* det var ein gong (Nynorsk)
# supistettu porrasmuoto
## Finnish
### Etymology

supistettu + porrasmuoto

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsupistetːuˣ ˈporːɑsˌmuo̯to/, [ˈs̠upis̠ˌte̞t̪ːup̚ ˈpo̞rːɑ̝s̠ˌmuo̞t̪o̞]

### Noun

supistettu porrasmuoto
* (algebra) reduced row echelon form
    Synonym: redusoitu porrasmuoto

#### Declension

Possessive forms of supistettu porrasmuoto (Kotus type 51/nuoripari) :
# descornareis
## Spanish
### Verb

descornareis
* second-person plural future subjunctive of descornar
# 罗汉果
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罗汉果 – see 羅漢果. (This term is the simplified form of 羅漢果).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# سماروغ
## Persian
### Etymology

Most likely a compound corresponding to زمی (zami, “earth”) + آروغ (âruğ, “belch; burp”). Persian sometimes conflates initial /s-/ and /z-/.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sa.mɑː.ɾoːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sä.mɑː.ɾoːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sä.mɑː.ɾoːɣ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sä.mɑː.ɾoːɣ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sä.mɔː.ɾʊːɣ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sæ.mɒː.ɹuːɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sä.mɔ.ɾɵʁ]

### Noun

| Dari | سماروغ |
| Iranian Persian | قارچ |
| Tajik | қорч |
سماروغ • (samâruğ)
* (Dari, Sistani or archaic) mushroom

### References

* ↑ Asatrian, Garnik (2020) “Classical New Persian samārō/ūγ ‘mushroom’”, in Iran & the Caucasus‎, volume 24, number 4, →DOI, pages 419–422
# 程なく
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 程
* ほど Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 程なく – see the following entry. :
| 【ほどなく】 | [adverb] without time in between; in an instant Alternative spelling 程無く |
(This term, 程なく, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 芬々
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 芬 | 芬 |
| ふん Hyōgai | ふん > ぷん Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ふんぷん [fùńpúń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɸɯ̟̃mpɯ̟̃ɴ]

### Adjective

芬(ふん)々(ぷん) • (funpun) $^†$-tari (adnominal 芬(ふん)々(ぷん)とした (funpun to shita) or 芬(ふん)々(ぷん)たる (funpun taru), adverbial 芬(ふん)々(ぷん)と (funpun to) or 芬(ふん)々(ぷん)として (funpun to shite))
* strong-smelling; (usually) fragrant

#### Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# تجري
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

تجري (form I)
* تَجُرِّي (tajurrī) /ta.d͡ʒur.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive of جَرَّ (jarra)
* تُجَرِّي (tujarrī) /tu.d͡ʒar.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of جَرَّ (jarra)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

تجري (form I)
* تَجْرِي (tajrī) /tad͡ʒ.riː/: inflection of جَرَى (jarā):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative
** second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive
* تَجْرِيَ (tajriya) /tad͡ʒ.ri.ja/: inflection of جَرَى (jarā):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive
# det udvidede tekstbegreb
## Danish
### Noun

det udvidede tekstbegreb
* a generalization of the concept of text that includes pictures, music, architecture, film etc.

#### Usage notes

Using this usually implies corresponding generalizations of words like læse (“read”), læser (“reader”).
# superentidades
## Spanish
### Noun

superentidades m pl
* plural of superentidad
# descornará
## Spanish
### Verb

descornará
* third-person singular future indicative of descornar
# 罗汉跤
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罗汉跤 – see 羅漢跤 (“single man; bachelor”). (This term is the simplified form of 羅漢跤).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# سماجة
## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* س م ج
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic سَمَاجَة (samāja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.ˈmaː.d͡ʒa/

### Noun

سَماجة • (samāja) f (plural سَماجات (samājāt))
* absurdity
* silliness, fatuousness
    Synonyms: سَخافة (saḵāfa), بَيَاخة (bayāḵa), رَذَالة (razāla)
# 籌資
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chóuzī
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄡˊ ㄗ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cau$^4$ zi$^1$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): tiu$^5$ ze$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chóuzī
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄡˊ ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chóuzih
*** Wade–Giles: chʻou$^2$-tzŭ$^1$
*** Yale: chóu-dz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chourtzy
*** Palladius: чоуцзы (čouczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cau$^4$ zi$^1$
*** Yale: chàuh jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsau$^4$ dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ceo$^4$ ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐu̯²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tiu$^5$ ze$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiû tsṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/

### Verb

籌資
* to raise funds; to collect money; to accumulate funds

#### Synonyms

* 募資／募资 (mùzī)
* 融資／融资 (róngzī)
* 集資／集资 (jízī)

#### Derived terms

* 大眾籌資／大众筹资 (dàzhòng chóuzī)
* 群眾籌資／群众筹资 (qúnzhòng chóuzī)
# 芬兰湾
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 芬兰湾 – see 芬蘭灣 (“Gulf of Finland”). (This term is the simplified form of 芬蘭灣).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# تجريبي
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of تَجْرِيب (tajrīb) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tad͡ʒ.riː.bijj/

### Adjective

تَجْرِيبِيّ • (tajrībiyy) (feminine تَجْرِيبِيَّة (tajrībiyya), masculine plural تَجْرِيبِيُّونَ (tajrībiyyūna), feminine plural تَجْرِيبِيَّات (tajrībiyyāt))
* empirical
# despregardes
## Galician
### Verb

despregardes
* inflection of despregar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive

## Portuguese
### Verb

despregardes
* inflection of despregar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive
# кӏэлэ-гъуал
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃʼala ʁʷaːɮa]

### Noun

кӏэлэ-гъуал • (kʼɛlɛ-ğʷal)
* child

#### Synonyms

* щӏэлэ-гъуал (śʼɛlɛ-ğʷal) (Kabardian)
# остряке
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐstrʲɪˈkʲe]

### Noun

остряке́ • (ostrjaké) m anim
* prepositional singular of остря́к (ostrják)
# ରାଣୀ
## Odia
### Etymology

From Sanskrit रानी (rānī).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾaɳi/

### Noun

ରାଣୀ (rāṇi)
* queen

#### Synonyms

* ରାଜ୍ଞୀ (rājñi)
* ରାଜପତ୍ନୀ (rājapatni)
* ରାଜମହିଷୀ (rājamahishi)
# ـسان
## Persian
### Etymology

From سان (sân, “kind, manner”). See there for more details.

### Suffix

ـسان • (-sân)
* -like
    Synonyms: ـمانند (-mânand), ـوار (-vâr), ـگون (-gun)
# ਕਾਹਵਾ
## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* ਕ਼ਾਹਵਾ (qāhvā)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قهوه (qahwa), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa). Cognate with Bengali কাহোয়া (kahōẇa), Hindi क़हवा (qahvā), Gujarati કહવા (kahvā). Doublet of ਕਾਫ਼ੀ (kāfī).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /käː˩˥.ʋäː/, /qäː˩˥.ʋäː/
* (emphatic) IPA: /käɦ.ʋäː/, /käːɦ.ʋäː/

### Noun

ਕਾਹਵਾ • (kāhvā) m (Shahmukhi spelling قہوہ)
* green tea; kahwah
* (obsolete) coffee
    Synonym: ਕਾਫ਼ੀ (kāfī)

### Further reading

* “ਕਾਹਵਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
# 自宮
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìgōng
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄍㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ gung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìgōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄍㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhgong
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-kung$^1$
*** Yale: dz̀-gūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhgong
*** Palladius: цзыгун (czygun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ gung$^1$
*** Yale: jih gūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ gung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ gung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dzijH kjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 自 | 宮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 疾二切 | 居戎切 |
| Baxter | dzijH | kjuwng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziɪ$^H$/ | /kɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /kiuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjɪ$^H$/ | /kiuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /kuwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /kiuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /kĭuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi$^H$/ | /ki̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zì | jiōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^6$ | gung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s k(r)uŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids kuŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 自 | 宮 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zì | gōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzij$^H$ › | ‹ kjuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.[b]i[t]-s/ | /*k(r)uŋ/ |
| English | self (adv.) | dwelling; palace; note of scale |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 自 | 宮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17879 | 4147 |
| Phonetic component | 自 | 宮 |
| Rime group | 至 | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 自 | 弓 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljids/ | /*kuŋ/ |

### Verb

自宮
* to castrate oneself
# تجريع
## Arabic
### Noun

تَجْرِيع • (tajrīʕ) m
* verbal noun of جَرَّعَ (jarraʕa) (form II)
# подготовили
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pədɡɐˈtovʲɪlʲɪ]

### Verb

подгото́вили • (podgotóvili)
* plural past indicative perfective of подгото́вить (podgotóvitʹ)
# ломаешься
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɐˈma(j)ɪʂsʲə]

### Verb

лома́ешься • (lomáješʹsja)
* second-person singular present indicative imperfective of лома́ться (lomátʹsja)
# остряки
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐstrʲɪˈkʲi]

### Noun

остряки́ • (ostrjakí) m anim pl
* nominative plural of остря́к (ostrják)
# ରାଜପୁତ୍ର
## Odia
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit राजपुत्र (rājaputra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾad͡ʒɔput̪ɾɔ/

### Noun

ରାଜପୁତ୍ର (rājaputra)
* prince
* (astronomy) the planet Mercury

### References

* Praharaj, Gopala Chandra (1931—1940) “ରାଜପୁତ୍ର”, in Purnnacandra Odia Bhashakosha, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press
# ਕਾੱਨਾ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit काण्ड (kāṇḍa). Doublet of ਕਾਨੀ (kānī).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaːnːaː]

### Noun

ਕਾੱਨਾ • (kānnā) m (Shahmukhi spelling کانّا)
* munja

#### Declension
### References

* Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਕਾੱਨਾ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
# ドクターストップ
## Japanese
### Etymology

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from doctor +‎ stop

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ドクターストップ [dòkútáá sútóꜜppù] (Nakadaka – [6])
* IPA: [do̞kɯ̟ta̠ː sɨto̞p̚pɯ̟]

### Noun

ドクターストップ • (dokutā sutoppu)
* doctor's orders to stop drinking, smoking, etc.
* stopping a sports match for safety on a doctor's recommendation

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 自害
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 自 | 害 |
| じ Grade: 2 | がい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Compound of 自 (“self”) +‎ 害 (“harm”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑiɡa̠i]

### Noun

自(じ)害(がい) • (jigai)
* suicide

### Verb

自(じ)害(がい)する • (jigai suru) suru (stem 自(じ)害(がい)し (jigai shi), past 自(じ)害(がい)した (jigai shita))
* to commit suicide

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 自害し | じがいし | jigai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 自害し | じがいし | jigai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 自害する | じがいする | jigai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 自害する | じがいする | jigai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 自害すれ | じがいすれ | jigai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 自害せよ¹ 自害しろ² | じがいせよ¹ じがいしろ² | jigai seyo¹ jigai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 自害される | じがいされる | jigai sareru |
| Causative | 自害させる 自害さす | じがいさせる じがいさす | jigai saseru jigai sasu |
| Potential | 自害できる | じがいできる | jigai dekiru |
| Volitional | 自害しよう | じがいしよう | jigai shiyō |
| Negative | 自害しない | じがいしない | jigai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 自害せず | じがいせず | jigai sezu |
| Formal | 自害します | じがいします | jigai shimasu |
| Perfective | 自害した | じがいした | jigai shita |
| Conjunctive | 自害して | じがいして | jigai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 自害すれば | じがいすれば | jigai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Synonyms

* 自(じ)殺(さつ) (jisatsu)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 自 | 害 |

### Noun

自害 • (jahae) (hangeul 자해)
* hanja form of 자해 (“self-harm, self-injury; suicide”)
# اونگھ
## Urdu
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle Hindi [script needed] (*ōṅgh), from Sanskrit अवोङ्घा (*avōṅghā).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ũːŋɡʱ/
* Rhymes: -ũːŋɡʱ

### Noun

اُون٘گھ • (ūṅgh) f (Hindi spelling ऊँघ)
* drowsiness, sleepiness; nodding
    Synonym: غُنُودَگی (ġunūdagī)

#### Declension

Declension of اونگھ :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | اُون٘گھ (ūṅgh) | اُون٘گھیں (ūṅghẽ) |
| oblique | اُون٘گھ (ūṅgh) | اُون٘گھوں (ūṅghõ) |
| vocative | اُون٘گھ (ūṅgh) | اُون٘گھو (ūṅgho) |

#### Related terms

* اُون٘گھنا (ūṅghnā, “to doze; node from drowsiness”)

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*avōṅghati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 39

### Further reading

* “اونگھ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “اونگھ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “اونگهـ”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 84
* Platts, John T. (1884) “اونگهہ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 108
* S. W. Fallon (1879) “اُونگهـ”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 182
* John Shakespear (1834) “اونگهـ”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
# перерезывало
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɪrʲɪˈrʲezɨvəɫə]

### Verb

перере́зывало • (pererézyvalo)
* neuter singular past indicative imperfective of перере́зывать (pererézyvatʹ)
# цирктен
## Kyrgyz
### Noun

цирктен • (tsirkten)
* ablative singular of цирк (tsirk)
# ରାଜ୍ଞୀ
## Odia
### Etymology

From Sanskrit राज्ञी (rājñī).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾad͡ʒn̪i/

### Noun

ରାଜ୍ଞୀ (rājñi)
* queen.

#### Synonyms

* ରାଜପତ୍ନୀ (rājapatni)
* ରାଜମହିଷୀ (rājamahishi)
* ରାଣୀ (rāṇi)
# ハリストス
## Japanese
### Etymology

From Russian Христо́с (Xristós).

### Proper noun

ハリストス • (Harisutosu)
* (Christianity) Christ (the messiah who was named Jesus)

#### Usage notes

Mainly used in the context of the Orthodox Church. The western equivalent is キリスト.
# ਕਾਹਲੋਂ
## Punjabi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [käː(ɦ)˥.lõː]
* Hyphenation: ਕਾਹ‧ਲੋਂ

### Proper noun

ਕਾਹਲੋਂ • (kāhlõ) m (indeclinable, Shahmukhi spelling کاہلوں)
* a Punjabi surname, Kahlon
# 草場門
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Cǎochǎngmén, Cǎochángmén
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄠˇ ㄔㄤˇ ㄇㄣˊ, ㄘㄠˇ ㄔㄤˊ ㄇㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cou$^2$ coeng$^4$ mun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Cǎochǎngmén [Phonetic: cáochǎngmén]
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˇ ㄔㄤˇ ㄇㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Cǎochǎngmén
*** Wade–Giles: Tsʻao$^3$-chʻang$^3$-mên$^2$
*** Yale: Tsǎu-chǎng-mén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tsaochaangmen
*** Palladius: Цаочанмэнь (Caočanmɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Cǎochángmén
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˇ ㄔㄤˊ ㄇㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Cǎochángmén
*** Wade–Giles: Tsʻao$^3$-chʻang$^2$-mên$^2$
*** Yale: Tsǎu-cháng-mén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tsaocharngmen
*** Palladius: Цаочанмэнь (Caočanmɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cou$^2$ coeng$^4$ mun$^4$
*** Yale: chóu chèuhng mùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsou$^2$ tsoeng$^4$ mun$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cou$^2$ cêng$^4$ mun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰou̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

### Proper noun

草場門
* A city gate in Nanjing constructed during the late Qing Dynasty, and demolished in 1954.