# 塗跤
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thô͘-kha
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tou$^5$ ka$^1$
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thô͘-kha
*** Tâi-lô: thôo-kha
*** Phofsit Daibuun: to'qaf
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔ²³⁻³³ kʰa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ¹³⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tʰɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰa³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰa⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tou$^5$ ka$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thôu kha
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰa³³/

### Noun

塗跤
* (Southern Min) floor

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 地板, 地面 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 地板, 地面兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 地板 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 地板 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 地板 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 地板 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 地板 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 地板 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 地板 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 地板 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 地板 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 地板 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 地板 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 地板 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 地板 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 地板, 腳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 地板 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 地板 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 地板 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 地板 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 地板, 樓板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 地板 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 地板 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 地板 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 地板 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 地板 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 地板 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 地下, 地 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 地下, 地 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 地 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 地泥 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 泥下 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 地板 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 地板 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 地板, 地 |
| Jin | Linhe | 地板 |
| Jin | Jining | 地板 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 地板 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 地板 |
| Jin | Handan | 地板 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 塗下, 塗跤下 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 塗下 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 地下 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 地下, 地上 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 地上, 地下 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 地下, 地上 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 地上 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 地下, 地上 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 地上, 地下 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 地下 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 地下 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 地下 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 地下 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 地底下, 地下, 地頂上, 地上, 溜地 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 地下 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 地下, 地上 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 地下, 地上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 地高上, 地上, 地下, 地高頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 地上, 地下 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 地下, 地上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 地下, 地上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 地下, 地上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 地下, 地上 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 地低 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 地低 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 地低 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 地下, 下邊 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 地下, 地底 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 下低 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 地尼, 地底 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 地底, 地下 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 地下 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 地底 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 地低 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 地下 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 地下 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 地下 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 地下裡, 地下 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 地泥下, 地面項 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 地下 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 地下 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 地下 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 地那下 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 地下 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 地下 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 地泥下 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 地泥下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 地泥下 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 地泥下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 地泥下 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 地下, 地上 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 地下, 地上 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 地下, 地上 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 地下 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 地兜 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 地兜 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 地兜 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 地兜 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 地兜 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 地兜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 塗跤下, 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 塗下, 塗跤下 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 塗跤 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 塗下 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 塗面 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 塗下 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 地下 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 地底下 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 地浪, 地浪向, 地皮浪, 地皮浪向, 地高頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 地浪 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 地浪, 地下 |
| Wu | Danyang | 地裡, 地下 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 地下 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 地樣裡, 地壤裡 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 地下 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 地下, 地上 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 地下, 地上 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 地下 |

#### Derived terms

* 塗跤巾／涂跤巾
* 塗跤布／涂跤布

### References

* “Entry #9422”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.