# 抗議
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kàngyì
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄤˋ ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kong$^3$ ji$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khong-ngi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khòng-gī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kang$^3$ ngi$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$khaon-gni$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kàngyì
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄤˋ ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kàngyì
*** Wade–Giles: kʻang$^4$-i$^4$
*** Yale: kàng-yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kanqyih
*** Palladius: канъи (kanʺi)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kong$^3$ ji$^5$
*** Yale: kong yíh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kong$^3$ ji$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kong$^3$ yi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔːŋ³³ jiː¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khong-ngi
*** Hakka Romanization System: kong ngi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kong$^4$ ngi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ⁵⁵ ŋi⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khòng-gī
*** Tâi-lô: khòng-gī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qornggi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡi⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡi³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡi³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kang$^3$ ngi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khàng ngí
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋi⁵²⁻²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$khaon-gni$_6$
*** MiniDict: khaon$^去$ nyi$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$khaan-nyi$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰɑ̃³³ n̠ʲi⁴⁴/

### Verb

抗議
* to protest
       Cūnmín quántǐ qù shǒudū kàngyì xīn fǎlìng. [Pinyin]
       The villagers went en masse to the capital to protest the new regulation.

### Noun

抗議
* protest
       Nà cì kàngyì méi chénggōng. [Pinyin]
       That protest was not successful.

### Derived terms

* 抗議書／抗议书
* 抗議歌曲／抗议歌曲 (kàngyì gēqǔ)
* 抗議者／抗议者 (kàngyìzhě)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 抗 | 議 |
| こう Grade: S | ぎ Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーぎ [kóꜜògì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ːɡʲi]

### Noun

抗(こう)議(ぎ) • (kōgi)
* protest, objection

#### Derived terms

* 抗議運動(こうぎうんどう) (kōgi undō)

### Verb

抗(こう)議(ぎ)する • (kōgi suru) suru (stem 抗(こう)議(ぎ)し (kōgi shi), past 抗(こう)議(ぎ)した (kōgi shita))
* protest, object

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 抗議し | こうぎし | kōgi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 抗議し | こうぎし | kōgi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 抗議する | こうぎする | kōgi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 抗議する | こうぎする | kōgi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 抗議すれ | こうぎすれ | kōgi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 抗議せよ¹ 抗議しろ² | こうぎせよ¹ こうぎしろ² | kōgi seyo¹ kōgi shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 抗議される | こうぎされる | kōgi sareru |
| Causative | 抗議させる 抗議さす | こうぎさせる こうぎさす | kōgi saseru kōgi sasu |
| Potential | 抗議できる | こうぎできる | kōgi dekiru |
| Volitional | 抗議しよう | こうぎしよう | kōgi shiyō |
| Negative | 抗議しない | こうぎしない | kōgi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 抗議せず | こうぎせず | kōgi sezu |
| Formal | 抗議します | こうぎします | kōgi shimasu |
| Perfective | 抗議した | こうぎした | kōgi shita |
| Conjunctive | 抗議して | こうぎして | kōgi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 抗議すれば | こうぎすれば | kōgi sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN