# 混淆
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hùnxiáo, hùnyáo, hǔnxiáo
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧㄠˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄒㄧㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wan$^6$ ngaau$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hūn-gâu / hūn-hâu / hūn-hiâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hung$^6$ ngao$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hùnxiáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hùnsiáo
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^4$-hsiao$^2$
*** Yale: hwùn-syáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennshyau
*** Palladius: хуньсяо (xunʹsjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hùnyáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hùnyáo
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^4$-yao$^2$
*** Yale: hwùn-yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennyau
*** Palladius: хуньяо (xunʹjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵¹ jɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, nonstandard or dialectal)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǔnxiáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄒㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǔnsiáo
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^3$-hsiao$^2$
*** Yale: hwǔn-syáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoenshyau
*** Palladius: хуньсяо (xunʹsjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^6$ ngaau$^4$
*** Yale: wahn ngàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^6$ ngaau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^6$ ngao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²² ŋaːu̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-gâu
*** Tâi-lô: hūn-gâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huxn'gaau
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹⁻²² ɡau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-hâu
*** Tâi-lô: hūn-hâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huxnhaau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²⁻²¹ hau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-hiâu
*** Tâi-lô: hūn-hiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huxnhiaau
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²²⁻²¹ hiau¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hung$^6$ ngao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭng ngâu
*** Sinological IPA : /huŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋau⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: hwonX haew
Rime :
| Character | 混 | 淆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 胡本切 | 胡茅切 |
| Baxter | hwonX | haew |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən$^X$/ | /ɦˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon$^X$/ | /ɦᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ɣau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən$^X$/ | /ɦaɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ɣau/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ɣau/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ɣau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hùn | xiáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wan$^6$ | haau$^4$ |

### Verb

混淆
* to obscure; to blur; to mix up
    混淆概念 ― hùnxiáo gàiniàn ― to mix up concepts
* (computing) to obfuscate

#### Synonyms

* 串
* 亂／乱 (luàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 交插 (Hokkien)
* 夾雜／夹杂 (jiāzá)
* 廝混／厮混 (sīhùn)
* 拍濫／拍滥 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 拍相濫／拍相滥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 插雜／插杂 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 摻和／掺和
* 摻濫／掺滥 (Hokkien)
* 摻雜／掺杂 (chānzá)
* 模糊
* 混同 (hùntóng)
* 混合
* 混雜／混杂
* 相濫／相滥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 羼雜／羼杂 (chànzá)

#### Derived terms

* 混淆不清
* 混淆是非
* 混淆視聽／混淆视听
* 混淆黑白
* 玉石混淆
* 黑白混淆

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 混 | 淆 |
| こん Grade: 5 | こう Hyōgai |
| kan'on ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 混淆 – see the following entry. :
| 【混交こんこう】 | [noun] a mixture of various things; blending [verb] mix up |
(This term, 混淆, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :