# 賦斂
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fùliǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fùliǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fùliǎn
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^4$-lien$^3$
*** Yale: fù-lyǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhlean
*** Palladius: фулянь (fuljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵¹ li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Middle Chinese: pjuH ljemX
Rime :
| Character | 賦 | 斂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 方遇切 | 良冉切 |
| Baxter | pjuH | ljemX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨo$^H$/ | /liᴇm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pio$^H$/ | /liɛm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pio$^H$/ | /ljæm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆$^H$/ | /liam$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pio$^H$/ | /liɛm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭu$^H$/ | /lĭɛm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pi̯u$^H$/ | /li̯ɛm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fù | liǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^3$ | lim$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)a-s [r][a]mʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mpas ɡ·ramʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 賦 | 斂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fù | liǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pju$^H$ › | ‹ ljem$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*p(r)a-s/ | /*[r][a]mʔ/ |
| English | tax | gather |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 賦 | 斂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 13182 | 10190 |
| Phonetic component | 武 | 僉 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 付 | 斂 |
| Old Chinese | /*mpas/ | /*ɡ·ramʔ/ |

### Noun

賦斂
* (historical, archaic) taxation

#### Synonyms

* 田賦／田赋 (tiánfù)
* 賦稅／赋税 (fùshuì)
* 稅收／税收 (shuìshōu)

### Verb

賦斂
* (historical, archaic) to collect taxes
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Běigōng Shē wèi Wèi Línggōng fùliǎn yǐ wèi zhōng, wèi tán hū guómén zhī wài, sān yuè ér chéng shàngxià zhī xiàn. [Pinyin]
    Beigong She was collecting taxes for Duke Ling of Wei in order to make a set of bells. He built a platform outside the gate of the outer wall, and in the space of three months the bells were completed, both the upper and lower tiers.

#### Synonyms

* 徵收賦稅／征收赋税 (zhēngshōu fùshuì)
* 徵稅／征税 (zhēngshuì)
* 抾稅／抾税 (Hokkien)
* 抽稅／抽税 (chōushuì)
* 收稅／收税 (shōushuì)
* 課稅／课税 (kèshuì)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 賦斂(ふれん) (furen)
* → Korean: 부렴(賦斂) (buryeom)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 賦 | 斂 |
| ふ Grade: S | れん Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 賦㪘 (extended shinjitai)

### Etymology

From Literary Chinese 賦斂 (fùliǎn).

### Noun

賦(ふ)斂(れん) • (furen)
* (historical, archaic) taxation; collecting taxes
** c. 604, Seventeen-article constitution (included in Nihon Shoki, 720):
    十二(じふにニ)曰(いハク)、國(くにの)司(つかさ)國(くにの)造(みやつこ)、勿(なかレ)$_㆑$斂(をさめとルコト)$_㆓$ 百(ひやく)姓(しやうヲ)$_㆒$。國(くにニ)非(あらズ)$_㆓$二(ふたりの)君(きみ)$_㆒$。民(たみニ)無(なシ)$_㆓$兩(ふたりの)主(ぬし)$_㆒$。率(そつ)土(どノ)兆(てう)民(みん)、以(もつテ)$_㆑$王(わうヲ)爲(す)$_㆑$主(ぬしト)。所(ところノ)$_㆑$任(にんズル)官司(つかさつかさハ)、皆(みな)是(こレ)王(きみノ)臣(じんナリ)。何(なんゾ)敢(あへテ)與(ともニ)$_㆑$公(こうト)、賦(ふ)$_㆓$‐斂(れんセン)百姓(ひやくしやうヲ)$_㆒$。 [Man'yōgana]
    十(じふ)二(に)に曰(い)はく、國(くにの)司(つかさ)國(くにの)造(みやつこ)、百(ひやく)姓(しやう)を歛(をさめと)ること勿(なか)れ、國(くに)に二(ふたりの)君(きみ)非(あら)ず。民(たみ)に兩(ふたりの)主(ぬし)無(な)し。率(そつ)土(ど)の兆(てう)民(みん)、王(わう)を以(もつ)て主(ぬし)と爲(す)。任(にん)ずる所(ところ)の官(つかさ)司(つかさ)は皆(みな)是(こ)れ王(きみ)の臣(じん)なり。何(なん)ぞ敢(あへ)て公(こう)と與(とも)に百(ひやく)姓(しやう)を賦(ふ)斂(れん)せん。 [Modern spelling]

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 賦 | 斂 |

### Noun

賦斂 • (buryeom) (hangeul 부렴)
* hanja form of 부렴