# 盤桓
## Chinese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pánhuán
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pun$^4$ wun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pánhuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pánhuán
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^2$-huan$^2$
*** Yale: pán-hwán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parnhwan
*** Palladius: паньхуань (panʹxuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän³⁵ xu̯än³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pun$^4$ wun$^4$
*** Yale: pùhn wùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pun$^4$ wun$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pun$^4$ wun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰuːn²¹ wuːn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ban hwan
Rime :
| Character | 盤 | 桓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 薄官切 | 胡官切 |
| Baxter | ban | hwan |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buɑn/ | /ɦuɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bʷɑn/ | /ɦʷɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buɑn/ | /ɣuɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bwan/ | /ɦwan/ |
| Li Rong | /buɑn/ | /ɣuɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /buɑn/ | /ɣuɑn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱuɑn/ | /ɣuɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pán | huán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pun$^4$ | wun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤan [ɢ]ʷˤar/
    (Zhengzhang): /*baːn ɡʷaːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 盤 | 桓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pán | huán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ban › | ‹ hwan › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]ˁan/ | /*[ɢ]ʷˁar/ |
| English | tray, basin | pillar; martial-looking |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 盤 | 桓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 232 | 14004 |
| Phonetic component | 般 | 亘 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 槃 | 桓 |
| Old Chinese | /*baːn/ | /*ɡʷaːn/ |
| Notes | 籀文槃 | |

### Verb

盤桓
* to walk back and forth; to roam around
* to spiral around; to circle around
* to stay; to stop over
* (figurative) to hesitate; to be indecisive

#### Synonyms

* (to pace back and forth):
* 彷徨 (pánghuáng)
* 徘徊
* 盤旋／盘旋 (pánxuán)
* 走來走去／走来走去 (zǒuláizǒuqù)
* 踟躕／踟蹰 (chíchú)
* 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú)
* (to stay):
* 停 (tíng)
* 停留 (tíngliú)
* 勾留 (gōuliú)
* 蹲 (figurative)
* 逗 (dòu)
* 逗留 (dòuliú)
* 逋留 (būliú) (literary)
* 駐／驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
* 駐留／驻留 (zhùliú)
* (to hesitate):
* 反顧／反顾 (fǎngù) (literary)
* 彳亍 (chìchù) (literary, figurative)
* 彷徨 (pánghuáng) (figurative)
* 徘徊 (figurative)
* 拿不定主意 (nábùdìng zhǔyì)
* 游移 (yóuyí)
* 猶疑／犹疑 (yóuyí)
* 猶豫／犹豫 (yóuyù)
* 疑蟯／疑蛲 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 膩／腻 (nyi$^4$) (Sichuanese)
* 躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú)
* 巡巡 (xúnxún) (literary)
* 逡巡 (qūnxún) (literary)
* 遲疑／迟疑 (chíyí)

### Adjective

盤桓
* (Classical) large

### Descendants

* → Korean: 반환(盤桓) (banhwan)