# swela
## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-swéla
* (transitive) to lack

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-swéla
* to need, to require
* to miss, to lack

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuswela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuswela | ukungasweli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | swela | -swele |
| Plural | swelani | -sweleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaswela, ngiswela | engiswelayo, engiswela | ngiswela | angisweli | engingasweli | ngingasweli |
| 2nd singular | uyaswela, uswela | oswelayo, oswela | uswela | awusweli | ongasweli | ungasweli |
| 1st plural | siyaswela, siswela | esiswelayo, esiswela | siswela | asisweli | esingasweli | singasweli |
| 2nd plural | niyaswela, niswela | eniswelayo, eniswela | niswela | anisweli | eningasweli | ningasweli |
| Class 1 | uyaswela, uswela | oswelayo, oswela | eswela | akasweli | ongasweli | engasweli |
| Class 2 | bayaswela, baswela | abaswelayo, abaswela | beswela | abasweli | abangasweli | bengasweli |
| Class 3 | uyaswela, uswela | oswelayo, oswela | uswela | awusweli | ongasweli | ungasweli |
| Class 4 | iyaswela, iswela | eswelayo, eswela | iswela | ayisweli | engasweli | ingasweli |
| Class 5 | liyaswela, liswela | eliswelayo, eliswela | liswela | alisweli | elingasweli | lingasweli |
| Class 6 | ayaswela, aswela | aswelayo, aswela | eswela | awasweli | angasweli | engasweli |
| Class 7 | siyaswela, siswela | esiswelayo, esiswela | siswela | asisweli | esingasweli | singasweli |
| Class 8 | ziyaswela, ziswela | eziswelayo, eziswela | ziswela | azisweli | ezingasweli | zingasweli |
| Class 9 | iyaswela, iswela | eswelayo, eswela | iswela | ayisweli | engasweli | ingasweli |
| Class 10 | ziyaswela, ziswela | eziswelayo, eziswela | ziswela | azisweli | ezingasweli | zingasweli |
| Class 11 | luyaswela, luswela | oluswelayo, oluswela | luswela | alusweli | olungasweli | lungasweli |
| Class 14 | buyaswela, buswela | obuswelayo, obuswela | buswela | abusweli | obungasweli | bungasweli |
| Class 15 | kuyaswela, kuswela | okuswelayo, okuswela | kuswela | akusweli | okungasweli | kungasweli |
| Class 17 | kuyaswela, kuswela | okuswelayo, okuswela | kuswela | akusweli | okungasweli | kungasweli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiswelile, ngiswelē | engiswelile, engiswelē | ngiswelile, ngiswelē | angiswelanga | engingaswelanga | ngingaswelanga |
| 2nd singular | uswelile, uswelē | oswelile, oswelē | uswelile, uswelē | awuswelanga | ongaswelanga | ungaswelanga |
| 1st plural | siswelile, siswelē | esiswelile, esiswelē | siswelile, siswelē | asiswelanga | esingaswelanga | singaswelanga |
| 2nd plural | niswelile, niswelē | eniswelile, eniswelē | niswelile, niswelē | aniswelanga | eningaswelanga | ningaswelanga |
| Class 1 | uswelile, uswelē | oswelile, oswelē | eswelile, eswelē | akaswelanga | ongaswelanga | engaswelanga |
| Class 2 | baswelile, baswelē | abaswelile, abaswelē | beswelile, beswelē | abaswelanga | abangaswelanga | bengaswelanga |
| Class 3 | uswelile, uswelē | oswelile, oswelē | uswelile, uswelē | awuswelanga | ongaswelanga | ungaswelanga |
| Class 4 | iswelile, iswelē | eswelile, eswelē | iswelile, iswelē | ayiswelanga | engaswelanga | ingaswelanga |
| Class 5 | liswelile, liswelē | eliswelile, eliswelē | liswelile, liswelē | aliswelanga | elingaswelanga | lingaswelanga |
| Class 6 | aswelile, aswelē | aswelile, aswelē | eswelile, eswelē | awaswelanga | angaswelanga | engaswelanga |
| Class 7 | siswelile, siswelē | esiswelile, esiswelē | siswelile, siswelē | asiswelanga | esingaswelanga | singaswelanga |
| Class 8 | ziswelile, ziswelē | eziswelile, eziswelē | ziswelile, ziswelē | aziswelanga | ezingaswelanga | zingaswelanga |
| Class 9 | iswelile, iswelē | eswelile, eswelē | iswelile, iswelē | ayiswelanga | engaswelanga | ingaswelanga |
| Class 10 | ziswelile, ziswelē | eziswelile, eziswelē | ziswelile, ziswelē | aziswelanga | ezingaswelanga | zingaswelanga |
| Class 11 | luswelile, luswelē | oluswelile, oluswelē | luswelile, luswelē | aluswelanga | olungaswelanga | lungaswelanga |
| Class 14 | buswelile, buswelē | obuswelile, obuswelē | buswelile, buswelē | abuswelanga | obungaswelanga | bungaswelanga |
| Class 15 | kuswelile, kuswelē | okuswelile, okuswelē | kuswelile, kuswelē | akuswelanga | okungaswelanga | kungaswelanga |
| Class 17 | kuswelile, kuswelē | okuswelile, okuswelē | kuswelile, kuswelē | akuswelanga | okungaswelanga | kungaswelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāswela | engāswela | ngāswela | angiswelanga | engingaswelanga | ngingaswelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāswela | owāswela | wāswela | awuswelanga | ongaswelanga | ungaswelanga |
| 1st plural | sāswela | esāswela | sāswela | asiswelanga | esingaswelanga | singaswelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāswela | enāswela | nāswela | aniswelanga | eningaswelanga | ningaswelanga |
| Class 1 | wāswela | owāswela | āswela | akaswelanga | ongaswelanga | engaswelanga |
| Class 2 | bāswela | abāswela | bāswela | abaswelanga | abangaswelanga | bengaswelanga |
| Class 3 | wāswela | owāswela | wāswela | awuswelanga | ongaswelanga | ungaswelanga |
| Class 4 | yāswela | eyāswela | yāswela | ayiswelanga | engaswelanga | ingaswelanga |
| Class 5 | lāswela | elāswela | lāswela | aliswelanga | elingaswelanga | lingaswelanga |
| Class 6 | āswela | āswela | āswela | awaswelanga | angaswelanga | engaswelanga |
| Class 7 | sāswela | esāswela | sāswela | asiswelanga | esingaswelanga | singaswelanga |
| Class 8 | zāswela | ezāswela | zāswela | aziswelanga | ezingaswelanga | zingaswelanga |
| Class 9 | yāswela | eyāswela | yāswela | ayiswelanga | engaswelanga | ingaswelanga |
| Class 10 | zāswela | ezāswela | zāswela | aziswelanga | ezingaswelanga | zingaswelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāswela | olwāswela | lwāswela | aluswelanga | olungaswelanga | lungaswelanga |
| Class 14 | bāswela | obāswela | bāswela | abuswelanga | obungaswelanga | bungaswelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāswela | okwāswela | kwāswela | akuswelanga | okungaswelanga | kungaswelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāswela | okwāswela | kwāswela | akuswelanga | okungaswelanga | kungaswelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaswela | — | ngingaswela | ngingeswele | — | ngingeswele |
| 2nd singular | ungaswela | — | ungaswela | ungeswele | — | ungeswele |
| 1st plural | singaswela | — | singaswela | singeswele | — | singeswele |
| 2nd plural | ningaswela | — | ningaswela | ningeswele | — | ningeswele |
| Class 1 | angaswela | — | engaswela | angeswele | — | engeswele |
| Class 2 | bangaswela | — | bengaswela | bangeswele | — | bengeswele |
| Class 3 | ungaswela | — | ungaswela | ungeswele | — | ungeswele |
| Class 4 | ingaswela | — | ingaswela | ingeswele | — | ingeswele |
| Class 5 | lingaswela | — | lingaswela | lingeswele | — | lingeswele |
| Class 6 | angaswela | — | engaswela | angeswele | — | engeswele |
| Class 7 | singaswela | — | singaswela | singeswele | — | singeswele |
| Class 8 | zingaswela | — | zingaswela | zingeswele | — | zingeswele |
| Class 9 | ingaswela | — | ingaswela | ingeswele | — | ingeswele |
| Class 10 | zingaswela | — | zingaswela | zingeswele | — | zingeswele |
| Class 11 | lungaswela | — | lungaswela | lungeswele | — | lungeswele |
| Class 14 | bungaswela | — | bungaswela | bungeswele | — | bungeswele |
| Class 15 | kungaswela | — | kungaswela | kungeswele | — | kungeswele |
| Class 17 | kungaswela | — | kungaswela | kungeswele | — | kungeswele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoswela | engizoswela | ngizoswela | angizuswela | engingezuswela | ngingezuswela |
| 2nd singular | uzoswela | ozoswela | uzoswela | awuzuswela | ongezuswela | ungezuswela |
| 1st plural | sizoswela | esizoswela | sizoswela | asizuswela | esingezuswela | singezuswela |
| 2nd plural | nizoswela | enizoswela | nizoswela | anizuswela | eningezuswela | ningezuswela |
| Class 1 | uzoswela | ozoswela | ezoswela | akazuswela | ongezuswela | engezuswela |
| Class 2 | bazoswela | abazoswela | bezoswela | abazuswela | abangezuswela | bengezuswela |
| Class 3 | uzoswela | ozoswela | uzoswela | awuzuswela | ongezuswela | ungezuswela |
| Class 4 | izoswela | ezoswela | izoswela | ayizuswela | engezuswela | ingezuswela |
| Class 5 | lizoswela | elizoswela | lizoswela | alizuswela | elingezuswela | lingezuswela |
| Class 6 | azoswela | azoswela | ezoswela | awazuswela | angezuswela | engezuswela |
| Class 7 | sizoswela | esizoswela | sizoswela | asizuswela | esingezuswela | singezuswela |
| Class 8 | zizoswela | ezizoswela | zizoswela | azizuswela | ezingezuswela | zingezuswela |
| Class 9 | izoswela | ezoswela | izoswela | ayizuswela | engezuswela | ingezuswela |
| Class 10 | zizoswela | ezizoswela | zizoswela | azizuswela | ezingezuswela | zingezuswela |
| Class 11 | luzoswela | oluzoswela | luzoswela | aluzuswela | olungezuswela | lungezuswela |
| Class 14 | buzoswela | obuzoswela | buzoswela | abuzuswela | obungezuswela | bungezuswela |
| Class 15 | kuzoswela | okuzoswela | kuzoswela | akuzuswela | okungezuswela | kungezuswela |
| Class 17 | kuzoswela | okuzoswela | kuzoswela | akuzuswela | okungezuswela | kungezuswela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoswela | engiyoswela | ngiyoswela | angiyuswela | engingeyuswela | ngingeyuswela |
| 2nd singular | uyoswela | oyoswela | uyoswela | awuyuswela | ongeyuswela | ungeyuswela |
| 1st plural | siyoswela | esiyoswela | siyoswela | asiyuswela | esingeyuswela | singeyuswela |
| 2nd plural | niyoswela | eniyoswela | niyoswela | aniyuswela | eningeyuswela | ningeyuswela |
| Class 1 | uyoswela | oyoswela | eyoswela | akayuswela | ongeyuswela | engeyuswela |
| Class 2 | bayoswela | abayoswela | beyoswela | abayuswela | abangeyuswela | bengeyuswela |
| Class 3 | uyoswela | oyoswela | uyoswela | awuyuswela | ongeyuswela | ungeyuswela |
| Class 4 | iyoswela | eyoswela | iyoswela | ayiyuswela | engeyuswela | ingeyuswela |
| Class 5 | liyoswela | eliyoswela | liyoswela | aliyuswela | elingeyuswela | lingeyuswela |
| Class 6 | ayoswela | ayoswela | eyoswela | awayuswela | angeyuswela | engeyuswela |
| Class 7 | siyoswela | esiyoswela | siyoswela | asiyuswela | esingeyuswela | singeyuswela |
| Class 8 | ziyoswela | eziyoswela | ziyoswela | aziyuswela | ezingeyuswela | zingeyuswela |
| Class 9 | iyoswela | eyoswela | iyoswela | ayiyuswela | engeyuswela | ingeyuswela |
| Class 10 | ziyoswela | eziyoswela | ziyoswela | aziyuswela | ezingeyuswela | zingeyuswela |
| Class 11 | luyoswela | oluyoswela | luyoswela | aluyuswela | olungeyuswela | lungeyuswela |
| Class 14 | buyoswela | obuyoswela | buyoswela | abuyuswela | obungeyuswela | bungeyuswela |
| Class 15 | kuyoswela | okuyoswela | kuyoswela | akuyuswela | okungeyuswela | kungeyuswela |
| Class 17 | kuyoswela | okuyoswela | kuyoswela | akuyuswela | okungeyuswela | kungeyuswela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiswele | ngingasweli |
| 2nd singular | uswele | ungasweli |
| 1st plural | siswele | singasweli |
| 2nd plural | niswele | ningasweli |
| Class 1 | aswele | angasweli |
| Class 2 | baswele | bangasweli |
| Class 3 | uswele | ungasweli |
| Class 4 | iswele | ingasweli |
| Class 5 | liswele | lingasweli |
| Class 6 | aswele | angasweli |
| Class 7 | siswele | singasweli |
| Class 8 | ziswele | zingasweli |
| Class 9 | iswele | ingasweli |
| Class 10 | ziswele | zingasweli |
| Class 11 | luswele | lungasweli |
| Class 14 | buswele | bungasweli |
| Class 15 | kuswele | kungasweli |
| Class 17 | kuswele | kungasweli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaswela | ngangaswela, angaswela, angangaswela |
| 2nd singular | waswela | wangaswela, awaswela, awangaswela |
| 1st plural | saswela | sangaswela, asaswela, asangaswela |
| 2nd plural | naswela | nangaswela, anaswela, anangaswela |
| Class 1 | waswela | wangaswela, akaswela, akangaswela |
| Class 2 | baswela | bangaswela, abaswela, abangaswela |
| Class 3 | waswela | wangaswela, awaswela, awangaswela |
| Class 4 | yaswela | yangaswela, ayaswela, ayangaswela |
| Class 5 | laswela | langaswela, alaswela, alangaswela |
| Class 6 | aswela | angaswela, awaswela, awangaswela |
| Class 7 | saswela | sangaswela, asaswela, asangaswela |
| Class 8 | zaswela | zangaswela, azaswela, azangaswela |
| Class 9 | yaswela | yangaswela, ayaswela, ayangaswela |
| Class 10 | zaswela | zangaswela, azaswela, azangaswela |
| Class 11 | lwaswela | lwangaswela, alwaswela, alwangaswela |
| Class 14 | baswela | bangaswela, abaswela, abangaswela |
| Class 15 | kwaswela | kwangaswela, akwaswela, akwangaswela |
| Class 17 | kwaswela | kwangaswela, akwaswela, akwangaswela |

#### Derived terms

* inswelo

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “swela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “swela (3.9)”