# 惸

| 惸 | U+60F8, &#24824; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60F8 |
| ← 惷 [U+60F7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 惹 → [U+60F9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

惸 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心心日木 (PPAD), four-corner 9704$_7$, composition ⿰忄㝁)
* troubled, worried, distressed

#### Derived characters

* 𥖒

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 392, character 34
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10865
* Dae Jaweon: page 728, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2330, character 8
* Unihan data for U+60F8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 枃 | *skins |
| 笉 | *skʰinʔ |
| 郇 | *ɡʷreːn, *sqʰʷin |
| 絢 | *qʰʷiːns |
| 眴 | *qʰʷiːns, *ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷin, *qʰʷjins, *ŋʷjin |
| 盷 | *ɡʷiːn |
| 訇 | *ɡʷiːn, *qʰʷreːŋ |
| 迿 | *ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷins |
| 姰 | *ɡʷiːns, *sqʰʷin |
| 畇 | *l'iːŋ, *sqʰʷin, *sɢʷin, *ɢʷin |
| 荀 | *sqʰʷin |
| 詢 | *sqʰʷin |
| 洵 | *sqʰʷin, *sɢʷin |
| 恂 | *sqʰʷin |
| 峋 | *sqʰʷin |
| 珣 | *sqʰʷin |
| 槆 | *sqʰʷin |
| 筍 | *sqʰʷinʔ |
| 箰 | *sqʰʷinʔ |
| 旬 | *sɢʷin |
| 殉 | *sɢʷins |
| 徇 | *sɢʷins |
| 侚 | *sɢʷins |
| 均 | *kʷin |
| 鈞 | *kʷin |
| 袀 | *kʷin |
| 汮 | *kʷin, *kʷrin |
| 呁 | *kʷins |
| 筠 | *ɡʷin |
| 荺 | *ɢʷin, *ɡʷinʔ |
| 匀 | *ɢʷin |
| 韵 | *ɢʷins |
| 輷 | *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʰʷreːŋs |
| 揈 | *qʰʷreːŋ |
| 鍧 | *qʰʷreːŋ |
| 渹 | *qʰʷreːŋ |
| 赹 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 憌 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 惸 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 咰 | *sqʰʷrid |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qióng (qiong$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): king$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qióng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyóng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiung$^2$
*** Yale: chyúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyong
*** Palladius: цюн (cjun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: king$^4$
*** Yale: kìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: king$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: king$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɪŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: gjwieng
Rime :
| Character | 惸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (122) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠營切 |
| Baxter | gjwieng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡwiᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡʷiɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiuæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gwiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiuɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭwɛŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯wɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qióng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | king$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 惸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16423 |
| Phonetic component | 匀 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 瓊 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷeŋ/ |

### Definitions

惸
* Alternative form of 煢／茕 (qióng)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Gě yǐ fùrén, āi cǐ qióng dú. [Pinyin]
    The rich may get through, but alas for the helpless and solitary!

#### Compounds

* 孤惸
* 惸嫠
* 惸惸 (qióngqióng)
* 惸獨／惸独

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けい (kei)、ぎょう (gyō)
* Kun: うれえる (urēru)

## Korean
### Hanja

惸 (eum 경 (gyeong))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

惸: Hán Nôm readings: quỳnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation