# 夏天
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiàtiān
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щятян (xi͡ati͡an, II-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^6$ tin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ha-thiên
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ha$^4$ tiên$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hē-thiⁿ / hā-thiⁿ / hēe-thiⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hê$^7$ tin$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gho-thi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xia$^5$ tienn$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàtiān → xiàtian (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢ → ㄒㄧㄚˋ ˙ㄊㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàtiån
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$-tʻien$^5$
*** Yale: syà-tyan
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah.tian
*** Palladius: сятянь (sjatjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/ → /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàtiānr
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàtianr
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$-tʻien$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: syà-tyānr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiahtial
*** Palladius: сятяньр (sjatjanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щятян (xi͡ati͡an, II-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕia⁵¹ tʰiæ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^6$ tin$^1$
*** Yale: hah tīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^6$ tin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^6$ tin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ha-thiên
*** Hakka Romanization System: ha tien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ha$^4$ tian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha⁵⁵ tʰi̯en²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ha$^4$ tiên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha⁵³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hē-thiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hē-thinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hextvy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /he⁴¹⁻²² tʰĩ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /he³³⁻¹¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /he³³⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /he²²⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hā-thiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hā-thinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haxtvy
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Yilan): /ha³³⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Tainan): /ha³³⁻¹¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Penang): /ha²¹ tʰĩ³³/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /ha²²⁻¹² tʰĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēe-thiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hēe-thinn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɛ²²⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hê$^7$ tin$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hē thiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /he¹¹ tʰĩ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gho-thi
*** MiniDict: gho$^去$ thi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hho-thi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦo²² tʰi⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: xia$^5$ tienn$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ tʰi̯ẽ³³/
* Middle Chinese: haeH then
Rime :
| Character | 夏 | 天 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡駕切 | 他前切 |
| Baxter | haeH | then |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠa$^H$/ | /tʰen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚa$^H$/ | /tʰen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣa$^H$/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨ$^H$/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣa$^H$/ | /tʰen/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣa$^H$/ | /tʰien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣa$^H$/ | /tʰien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xià | tiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haa$^6$ | tin$^1$ |

### Noun

夏天
* summer
       Xiàtiān hé dōngtiān, nǐ gèng xǐhuān nǎ yī ge? [Pinyin]
       Do you prefer summer or winter?
       Tā zài dōngtiān shōují le xǔduō xuěshuǐ, zhǔnbèi xiàtiān yònglái jiàng shǔ. [Pinyin]
       She collected lots of snow water in winter so as to reduce the heat in summer.
    From: 鄭怡, 離家出走
    xiàtiān de wǒ lǎnde huàzhuāng [Pinyin]
    I'm too lazy in the summer to put on makeup

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 夏, 夏日, 夏時, 畏景 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 夏天, 夏季, 夏日 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 夏天, 夏景天兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Wuchang (Yingchengzi) | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 夏天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 夏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 夏天, 熱天, 夏景天兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 夏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 夏天, 熱天, 伏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Xianxian (Xiaoying) | 熱天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 夏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 夏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 夏天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 夏天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 夏天, 夏季天兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 夏天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 夏天, 伏天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 伏天, 六月兒天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 夏天, 伏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 熱天, 熱月天, 熱月時候 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 夏天, 夏裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 夏天, 夏裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 夏天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 夏天, 夏月天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 夏天, 夏月天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Xigou) | 夏天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Changshanzi) | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 夏天, 夏天家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Muli | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 夏天兒, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 夏天, 熱天, 夏季, 熱季 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 夏天, 夏天家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 熱天家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luocheng (Dongmen) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianlin (Langping) | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 夏天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 熱天, 雨水天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 夏天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 夏天, 熱天道, 熱季 |
| Mandarin | Yongning (Najiahu) | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 熱天 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 夏天 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 夏天 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Jiangkou) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Madong) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 熱天 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 夏天 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Gan | Pengze | 熱天 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 熱天 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 天熱 |
| Hakka | Changting | 暍天 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 熱天頭 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 熱天頭 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 熱天 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 天熱天 |
| Hakka | Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Pingle (Tong'an) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 夏天 |
| Hakka | Pontianak (Meixian) | 熱天 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 夏場子 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 夏天 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 夏天, 夏景天 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 夏天, 夏裡 |
| Jin | Datong | 夏天 |
| Jin | Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) | 夏天, 夏哩 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 夏兒, 夏金天, 夏天, 夏景天 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 夏天 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 夏天 |
| Jin | Linhe | 夏天, 夏天上 |
| Jin | Jining | 夏天 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 夏天 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 夏天 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 夏天 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 夏天 |
| Jin | Handan | 夏天 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 夏天 |
| Jin | Suide | 夏上 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 夏天, 熱天, 熱天時 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 熱天, 六月天, 六月大夏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 熱天 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 六月天 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 夏季, 夏季天 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 熱天, 熱儂, 六月天 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 熱天, 熱儂, 熱毒儂, 六月天 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 熱天, 熱冬, 六月天 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 夏天, 熱儂, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 夏仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 夏天, 熱儂, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 夏天, 熱儂, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 熱儂, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 夏天, 熱儂, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 夏天, 熱天儂 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 夏天, 熱天, 熱儂 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 夏天 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 熱儂 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Xiaowen) | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Dongsheng) | 夏天 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 夏天 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 熱天時 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 熱天時, 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 熱天時 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 熱天 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 熱天 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 熱天 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) | 夏天 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 熱天, 夏天 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) | 夏天 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 熱天 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 夏裡, 夏天, 夏場裡 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 夏天, 熱天 |
| Wu | Danyang | 夏天, 夏天頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 夏天 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 夏天價 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 天色熱, 五六月, 六月天 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 夏天, 熱天, 六月天 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 六月, 六月天 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 熱天, 熱天子, 夏天 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 熱天, 熱天子 |