# об
## Komi-Zyrian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈob/, [ˈo̞b]
* Hyphenation: об

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Permic *ob. Possibly related to Finnish umpi (“untouched snow”) and Northern Sami oppa (“closed”).

#### Noun

об • (ob)
* snowbank

##### Declension

Possessive declension of об :

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

об • (ob)
* paternal aunt

##### Declension

Possessive declension of об :

##### Hypernyms

* тьӧт (ťöt)

##### Coordinate terms

* ичинь (ićiń, “maternal aunt”)

### References

* A. I. Podorova, editor (1948), Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], Syktyvkar: Коми Государственное Издательство, page 141
* Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “об”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka
* L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 447

## Old Church Slavonic
### Preposition

об • (ob)
* Alternative form of объ (obŭ)

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* объ (ob) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* о (o) — usually before consonants
* обо (obo) — before some words such as мне (mne) or всём (vsjom)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [əb] (before a vowel or voiced consonant)
* IPA: [ɐb] (before a stressed syllable beginning with a vowel or voiced consonant)
* IPA: [ˈob] (when stressed and before a vowel or voiced consonant)
   * Audio:(file)
* Note: The final [b] is pronounced as [p] when in isolation or before a voiceless consonant, both of which are generally uncommon.

### Preposition

об • (ob)
* [with prepositional]
** about, of, on
    Я узна́л мно́го об икре́. ― Ja uznál mnógo ob ikré. ― I found out a lot about caviar.
* [with accusative]
** against, upon
    опира́ться об окно́ ― opirátʹsja ob oknó ― to lean against the window

#### Usage notes

* The об (ob) form is usually unstressed. It is stressed in the idioms рука́ о́б ру́ку (ruká ób rúku), как о́б сте́ну горо́х (kak ób sténu goróx). It can be stressed or unstressed in the word combination о́б пол (ób pol) (об по́л (ob pól)).
* When governing the prepositional case, об (ob) is used before vowels, however о (o) is sometimes also used before the possessive pronoun их (ix).
* When governing the accusative case, об (ob) is used before vowels and variably before liquids in the written language, while in the colloquial language, об (ob) is used before all words.
* Although о (o) is prescribed before the possessive pronouns его́ (jevó) and её (jejó) (and other words beginning with е (je), ё (jo), ю (ju) and я (ja)), in colloquial usage об (ob) may be used.

## Tajik
### Alternative forms

* ов (ov), ав (av)

### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian آب (āb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ob/, [ʔɔb]

### Noun

об • (ob) (Persian spelling آب)
* water

#### Inflection

Inflection of об :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | or broken$^1$ |
| bare | bare | об ob | обҳо obho | [Term?] | [Term?] |
| definite object | definite object | обро obro | обҳоро obhoro | ро ro | ро ro |
| izofa | izofa | оби ob-i | обҳои obho-yi | и i | и i |
| indefinite, definite relative | bare | обе obe | — | — | — |
| indefinite, definite relative | object | оберо obero | — | — | — |
Possessive forms of об :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| bare | 1st singular | обам obam | обҳоям obhoyam | ам am | ам am |
| bare | 2nd singular | обат obat | обҳоят obhoyat | ат at | ат at |
| bare | 3rd singular | обаш obaš | обҳояш obhoyaš | аш aš | аш aš |
| bare | 1st plural | обамон obamon | обҳоямон obhoyamon | амон amon | амон amon |
| bare | 2nd plural | обатон obaton | обҳоятон obhoyaton | атон aton | атон aton |
| bare | 3rd plural | обашон obašon | обҳояшон obhoyašon | ашон ašon | ашон ašon |
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| definite object | 1st singular | обамро obamro | обҳоямро obhoyamro | амро amro | амро amro |
| definite object | 2nd singular | обатро obatro | обҳоятро obhoyatro | атро atro | атро atro |
| definite object | 3rd singular | обашро obašro | обҳояшро obhoyašro | ашро ašro | ашро ašro |
| definite object | 1st plural | обамонро obamonro | обҳоямонро obhoyamonro | амонро amonro | амонро amonro |
| definite object | 2nd plural | обатонро obatonro | обҳоятонро obhoyatonro | атонро atonro | атонро atonro |
| definite object | 3rd plural | обашонро obašonro | обҳояшонро obhoyašonro | ашонро ašonro | ашонро ašonro |

#### Derived terms

* зиддиоб (ziddiob)
* обӣ (obi)
* обшор (obšor)
* Панҷоб (Panjob)

### Further reading

* об on the Tajik Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{tg}$
* “об”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2024

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ob

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɔb]

### Preposition

об • (ob)
* at (for indicating time in hours)
    об одина́дцятій годи́ні ― ob odynádcjatij hodýni ― at eleven o'clock
    об одина́дцятій ве́чора ― ob odynádcjatij véčora ― at eleven in the evening
    Synonym: о (o) (before a consonant)

#### Usage notes

The preposition об is only used if the following word begins with a vowel. If the following word begins with a consonant, preposition о is used instead. In Ukrainian, the only ordinal number beginning in a vowel between 1-24 is одинадцятий (odynadcjatyj, “eleventh”).

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “об”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “об”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “об”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)