# 惺

| 惺 | U+60FA, &#24826; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60FA |
| ← 惹 [U+60F9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 惻 → [U+60FB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

惺 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心日竹一 (PAHM), four-corner 9601$_4$, composition ⿰忄星)

#### Derived characters

* 㝭, 𥨕, 𮓏

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 393, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10868
* Dae Jaweon: page 729, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2328, character 2
* Unihan data for U+60FA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xīng, xǐng (xing$^1$, xing$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥ, ㄒㄧㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^1$ / sing$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland for both senses, standard in Taiwan for the adjectival sense)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sing
*** Wade–Giles: hsing$^1$
*** Yale: syīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shing
*** Palladius: син (sin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan for the verb sense)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xǐng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǐng
*** Wade–Giles: hsing$^3$
*** Yale: syǐng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
*** Palladius: син (sin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^1$ / sing$^2$
*** Yale: sīng / síng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^1$ / sing$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^1$ / xing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ⁵⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: seng, sjengX
Rime :
| Character | 惺 | 惺 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 桑經切 | 息井切 |
| Baxter | seng | sjengX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /seŋ/ | /siᴇŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /seŋ/ | /siɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɛŋ/ | /siæŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛjŋ/ | /siajŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /seŋ/ | /siɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sieŋ/ | /sĭɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /sieŋ/ | /si̯ɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xīng | xǐng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sing$^1$ | sing$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*seŋʔ/, /*seːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 惺 | 惺 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11357 | 11379 |
| Phonetic component | 生 | 生 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 省 | 星 |
| Old Chinese | /*seŋʔ/ | /*seːŋ/ |

### Definitions

惺
* (literary) intelligent; clever; astute
* (literary) to come to understand; to come to realize

#### Compounds

* 假惺惺 (jiǎxīngxīng)
* 惺忪 (xīngsōng)
* 惺惺 (xīngxīng)
* 惺惺人 (xīngxīngrén)
* 惺惺作態／惺惺作态 (xīngxīngzuòtài)
* 惺惺惜惺惺 (xīngxīngxīxīngxīng)
* 惺惺相惜 (xīngxīngxiāngxī)
* 惺惺道人
* 昧著惺惺使糊塗／昧着惺惺使糊涂
* 睡眼惺忪 (shuìyǎnxīngsōng)
* 還惺／还惺

### References

* “惺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せい (sei)
* Kun: さとる (satoru)
* Nanori: さとし (satoshi)、さとる (satoru)

## Korean
### Hanja

惺 • (seong, hwang) (hangeul 성, 황, revised seong, hwang, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, hwang, Yale seng, hwang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

惺: Hán Nôm readings: tênh, tinh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation