# 飪

| 飪 | U+98EA, &#39146; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98EA |
| ← 飩 [U+98E9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 飫 → [U+98EB] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 飪 |
| Simplified | 饪 |
| Japanese | 飪 |
| Korean | 飪 |

### Alternative forms

* In Japanese kanji and Korean hanja, the left radical component is written 𩙿 which is the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
* In modern Chinese scripts (in traditional form), the left radical component is written 飠 instead.
* In Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau, the right component is written 壬 (the uppermost stroke is a horizontal 一 line).
* In mainland China, Japan and Korea, the right component is written 壬 (the uppermost stroke is a slanting ㇒ stroke written from the upper right position to the bottom left position).

### Han character

飪 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 12 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 人戈竹土 (OIHG), four-corner 8171$_4$, composition ⿰飠壬(GHT) or ⿰𩙿壬(JK))

#### Derived characters

* 𤏼

#### Related characters

* 餁 (Variant traditional form)
* 饪 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1417, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44049
* Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4443, character 21
* Unihan data for U+98EA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 紝 | *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms |
| 鵀 | *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms |
| 拰 | *nɯmʔ |
| 賃 | *nɯms |
| 任 | *njɯm, *njɯms |
| 壬 | *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm |
| 恁 | *njɯm, *njɯmʔ |
| 銋 | *njɯm, *njɯmʔ |
| 荏 | *njɯmʔ |
| 餁 | *njɯmʔ |
| 栠 | *njɯmʔ |
| 袵 | *njɯmʔ |
| 飪 | *njɯmʔ |
| 妊 | *njɯms |
| 衽 | *njɯms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 壬 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rèn (ren$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jam$^6$ / jam$^5$ / jan$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): īng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): līm / jīm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): rim$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^4$
*** Yale: rèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
*** Palladius: жэнь (žɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jam$^6$ / jam$^5$ / jan$^5$
*** Yale: yahm / yáhm / yáhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jam$^6$ / jam$^5$ / jan$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yem$^6$ / yem$^5$ / yen$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐm²²/, /jɐm¹³/, /jɐn¹³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: īng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm
*** Tâi-lô: līm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lim
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lim³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
*** Tâi-lô: jīm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jim
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /zim³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zim²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: rim$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jím
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zim⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: nyimX
Rime :
| Character | 飪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 如甚切 |
| Baxter | nyimX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiɪm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵim$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjem$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵim$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiəm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭĕm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯əm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rěn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jam$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə]mʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njɯmʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 飪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | rèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyim$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*n[ə]mʔ/ |
| English | thoroughly cooked |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 飪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10820 |
| Phonetic component | 壬 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 荏 |
| Old Chinese | /*njɯmʔ/ |

### Definitions

飪
* to cook thoroughly

### Compounds

* 失飪／失饪
* 烹飪／烹饪 (pēngrèn)
* 烹飪鼎鼐／烹饪鼎鼐
* 茵飪／茵饪

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04584
* “飪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* (Cantonese) 粵音資料集叢

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): じん (jin)、にん (nin)
* Kun: にる (niru)

## Korean
### Hanja

飪 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

飪: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫm, nhẩm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation

## Zhuang
### Adjective

飪
* Sawndip form of imq (“full; satiated”)

### Verb

飪
* Sawndip form of imq (“to be full; to be satiated”)