# 更正
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gēngzhèng
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ ㄓㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gang$^1$ zing$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kng-chèng / keng-chèng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gēngzhèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ ㄓㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gengjhèng
*** Wade–Giles: kêng$^1$-chêng$^4$
*** Yale: gēng-jèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gengjenq
*** Palladius: гэнчжэн (gɛnčžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gang$^1$ zing$^3$
*** Yale: gāng jing
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gang$^1$ dzing$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geng$^1$ jing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kng-chèng
*** Tâi-lô: kng-tsìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kngzexng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-chèng
*** Tâi-lô: king-tsìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kengzexng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/

### Verb

更正
* to correct; to rectify; to make corrections (of errors in published statements or articles)

#### Synonyms

* 修改 (xiūgǎi)
* 修正 (xiūzhèng)
* 修編／修编 (xiūbiān)
* 修訂／修订 (xiūdìng)
* 刪改／删改 (shāngǎi)
* 匡正 (kuāngzhèng) (literary)
* 參訂／参订 (cāndìng) (to proofread and correct)
* 批改 (pīgǎi) (to mark)
* 改定 (gǎidìng)
* 改正 (gǎizhèng)
* 改訂／改订 (gǎidìng)
* 更定 (gēngdìng)
* 校正 (jiàozhèng) (to proofread and correct)
* 格正 (gézhèng) (literary)
* 矯正／矫正 (jiǎozhèng)
* 端正 (duānzhèng)
* 糾正／纠正 (jiūzhèng)
* 訂正／订正 (dìngzhèng)
* 重修 (chóngxiū)
* 釐正 (lízhèng) (literary)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 更 | 正 |
| こう Grade: S | せい Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーせー [kòóséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːse̞ː]

### Noun

更(こう)正(せい) • (kōsei)
* corrections, amendment, revision
* (taxation) an amended income statement, corrected tax return

#### Derived terms

* 更(こう)正(せい)決(けっ)定(てい) (kōsei kettei)
* 更(こう)正(せい)請(せい)求(きゅう) (kōsei seikyū)
* 更(こう)正(せい)登(とう)記(き) (kōsei tōki)

### Verb

更(こう)正(せい)する • (kōsei suru) transitive suru (stem 更(こう)正(せい)し (kōsei shi), past 更(こう)正(せい)した (kōsei shita))
* to examine (a document etc.) and make corrections, to revise

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 更正し | こうせいし | kōsei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 更正し | こうせいし | kōsei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 更正する | こうせいする | kōsei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 更正する | こうせいする | kōsei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 更正すれ | こうせいすれ | kōsei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 更正せよ¹ 更正しろ² | こうせいせよ¹ こうせいしろ² | kōsei seyo¹ kōsei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 更正される | こうせいされる | kōsei sareru |
| Causative | 更正させる 更正さす | こうせいさせる こうせいさす | kōsei saseru kōsei sasu |
| Potential | 更正できる | こうせいできる | kōsei dekiru |
| Volitional | 更正しよう | こうせいしよう | kōsei shiyō |
| Negative | 更正しない | こうせいしない | kōsei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 更正せず | こうせいせず | kōsei sezu |
| Formal | 更正します | こうせいします | kōsei shimasu |
| Perfective | 更正した | こうせいした | kōsei shita |
| Conjunctive | 更正して | こうせいして | kōsei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 更正すれば | こうせいすれば | kōsei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 更 | 正 |

### Noun

更正 • (gyeongjeong) (hangeul 경정)
* hanja form of 경정