# 白馬
## Chinese

* 白馬

### Etymology
#### “Kep (in Cambodia)”

    From the Khmer name កែប (kaep, literally “saddle”).

#### “Whitehorse”

    Calque of English Whitehorse.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): báimǎ
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baak$^6$ maa$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pha̍k-mâ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pe̍h-bé / pe̍eh-bée
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: báimǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄇㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: báimǎ
*** Wade–Giles: pai$^2$-ma$^3$
*** Yale: bái-mǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bairmaa
*** Palladius: байма (bajma)
*** Sinological IPA : /paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baak$^6$ maa$^5$
*** Yale: baahk máh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baak$^9$ maa$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bag$^6$ ma$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːk̚² maː¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha̍k-mâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: pag ma$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pag$^6$ ma$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ ma²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h-bé
*** Tâi-lô: pe̍h-bé
*** Phofsit Daibuun: peqbea
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² be⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ be⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ be⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍eh-bée
*** Tâi-lô: pe̍eh-bée
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ bɛ⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: baek maeX
Rime :
| Character | 白 | 馬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 陌 (113) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 傍陌切 | 莫下切 |
| Baxter | baek | maeX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠæk̚/ | /mˠa$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚak̚/ | /mᵚa$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bak̚/ | /ma$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨjk̚/ | /maɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bɐk̚/ | /ma$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bɐk̚/ | /ma$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱɐk̚/ | /ma$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bó | mǎ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bak$^6$ | maa$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤrak mˤraʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*braːɡ mraːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 白 | 馬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bái | mǎ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bæk › | ‹ mæ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*bˁrak/ | /*mˁraʔ/ |
| English | white | horse |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 白 | 馬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 207 | 8715 |
| Phonetic component | 白 | 馬 |
| Rime group | 鐸 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 白 | 馬 |
| Old Chinese | /*braːɡ/ | /*mraːʔ/ |

### Noun

白馬
* white horse
* (historical) sacrificial song in ancient China
* (～人, ～族) Baima people (subgroup of Tibetans)

#### Derived terms

* 白馬井／白马井 (Báimǎjǐng)
* 白馬寺／白马寺 (Báimǎsì)
* 白馬將軍／白马将军
* 白馬歸周／白马归周
* 白馬津／白马津
* 白馬王／白马王
* 白馬王子／白马王子 (báimǎ wángzǐ)
* 白馬語／白马语 (báimǎyǔ)
* 白馬非馬說／白马非马说
* 素車白馬／素车白马

### Proper noun

白馬
* (～省) Kep (a province of Cambodia)
* (～市) Kep (the provincial capital of Kep Province, Cambodia)
* (～市) Whitehorse (a city in Yukon, Canada)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Lishui district, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Gaogang district, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Pujiang, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Dancheng, Zhoukou, Henan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Lianyuan, Loudi, Hunan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Beiliu, Yulin, Guangxi, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Wulong district, Chongqing, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Miyi, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Anju district, Suining, Sichuan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Shizhong district, Neijiang, Sichuan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Shizhong district, Leshan, Sichuan, China)
* (～鎮) Baima (a town in Dongpo district, Meishan, Sichuan, China)
* (～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Baima (a town in Xuanhan, Dazhou, Sichuan, China, formerly a township)
* (～鄉) Baima (a township in Yixian, Baoding, Hebei, China)
* (～鄉) Baima (a township in the Guang'an District, Guang'an, Sichuan, China)
* (～鄉) Baima (a township in Xichang, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan, China)
* (～鄉) Baima (a township in Huachi, Qingyang, Gansu, China)
* (～鄉) Baima (a township in Zhongning, Zhongwei, Ningxia, China)
* (～村) Baima (a village in Chengbei, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)
* (～雪山) Baima Snow Mountain (a mountain in Yunnan, China)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 白 | 馬 |

### Proper noun

白馬
* chữ Hán form of Bạch Mã.