# 啀

| 啀 | U+5540, &#21824; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5540 |
| ← 唿 [U+553F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 啁 → [U+5541] |

## Translingual
### Han character

啀 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口一土土 (RMGG) or 難口一土土 (XRMGG), four-corner 6101$_4$, composition ⿰口厓)
* gnaw

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3789
* Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 23
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 638, character 8
* Unihan data for U+5540

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ái, yái (ai$^2$, yai$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˊ, ㄧㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ái
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ái
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^2$
*** Yale: ái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yái
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yái
*** Wade–Giles: yai$^2$
*** Yale: yái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yai
*** Palladius: яй (jaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /jaɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngaai$^4$
*** Yale: ngàaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋaːi̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ngea
Rime :
| Character | 啀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 五佳切 |
| Baxter | ngea |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋˠɛ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋᵚæ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋæi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋaɨj/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋɛ/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋai/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ŋai/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngaai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋreː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 啀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4537 |
| Phonetic component | 圭 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 崖 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋreː/ |

### Definitions

啀
* to gnaw
* (Cantonese) to shout, yell, scold

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: げ (ge)
* Kan-on: がい (gai)
* Kun: いがむ (igamu, 啀む)

## Korean
### Hanja

啀 • (ae) (hangeul 애)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.