# მკჲაფუ
## Laz
### Alternative forms

* მჭაფუ (mç̌apu) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni
* მკიჲაფუ (mǩiyapu), მკიაფუ (mǩiapu), ნკჲაპუ (nǩyap̌u), კჲაფუ (ǩyapu)

### Etymology

Etymologically მ-კჲ-აფ-უ (m-ǩy-ap-u, “the screamer”), from Proto-Kartvelian *ḳi- or *ḳiw- (“to cry, scream”), whence also Laz ო-კი-უ (o-ǩi-u, “to shout”), Mingrelian კიფ-ინ-ი (ḳip-in-i, “to shout”), Georgian კივ-ილ-ი (ḳiv-il-i, “to shriek”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈm̥kʲʼɑpʰu/
* Hyphenation: მკჲა‧ფუ

### Noun

მკჲაფუ • (mǩyapu) (Latin spelling mǩyapu) (Vitse–Arkabi, Khopa, Chkhala)
* jackal
    Synonym: ლიპადრე (lip̌adre)
    ჯოღორიჩქიმიქ მკჲაფუ ძირაში ა შვაჯის ნაკაპამსcoğoriçkimik mǩyapu żiraşi a şvacis naǩap̌amsWhen my dog sees a jackal, it attacks at once
** 1930 – 1931, Niyazi Ahmet Banoğlu, Stories recorded by Georges Dumézil in Istanbul Adventures:არ ორას დომაჭკინდუ დო არ მკიჲაფუშ გზას ქოგელაფხედ.ar oras domaç̌ǩindu do ar mǩiyapuş gzas kogelapxed.At one point I was tired. I sat down on a jackal's trail.
** 1930 – 1931, Niyazi Ahmet Banoğlu, Stories recorded by Georges Dumézil in Istanbul Of:მამულიქ დიკაფე დოჩოდინუშქულე ჰე არ დიკა-თ ჰემსატის მკიაფუ დივუ დო მამულ ოჭკომუ.mamulik diǩape doçodinuşkule he ar diǩa-t hemsaťis mǩiapu divu do mamul oç̌ǩomu.When the rooster had finished the (other) grains, this last grain became a jackal and ate the rooster.
** 1960 – 1964, Muhsin Erol (a native of Şenköy born in 1940), Stories recorded by Georges Dumézil in Istanbul LVI.50:არ ნკჲაპუში გზას ქაგედგითუ.ar nǩyap̌uşi gzas kagedgitu.He took a jackal's trail.

#### Derived terms

* მკჲაფუ ბურღი (mǩyapu burği)
* მკჲაფუ ქსინი (mǩyapu ksini)
* მკჲაფუ მჭკომუ (mǩyapu mç̌ǩomu)
* მკჲაფუში ხორონი (mǩyapuşi xoroni)
* მკჲაფუში ჭანდა (mǩyapuşi ç̌anda), მკჲაფუ-დუღუნი (mǩyapu-duğuni, “name for the weather when it rains while the sun is shining”, literally “jackal's wedding”)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: ղիյափ (ġiyapʻ)
* →? Mingrelian: მაკიაფი (maḳiapi) — Abzhua

### References

* ↑ Čikobava, Arnold (1938) Č̣anur-megrul-kartuli šedarebiti leksiḳoni [Laz–Megrel–Georgian Comparative Dictionary] (Works; IV) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics, published 2008, page 102
* ↑ Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 96
* ↑ Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 243
* ↑ Dumézil, Georges (1937) Contes lazes (Travaux et mémoires de l'Institut d'ethnologie; 27)‎ (in French), Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, page 18
* ↑ Dumézil, Georges (1937) Contes lazes (Travaux et mémoires de l'Institut d'ethnologie; 27)‎ (in French), Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, page 57
* ↑ Dumézil, Georges (1967) Documents anatoliens sur les langues et les traditions du Caucase IV: Récits lazes en dialecte d'Arhavi (parler de Şenköy)‎ (in French), Paris: Presses universitaires de France, pages 172, 174

### Further reading

* Amse-de Jong, Tine H. (2004) “ǩyapu, mǩyapu, ç̌apu (?)”, in Laz–English Dictionary, Freudenstadt: Kaukasus Verlag, →ISBN, page 51a
* Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı, Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan, Aleksiva, Irfan (2007) “mǩyapu”, in Büyük Lazca Sözlük / Didi Lazuri Nenapuna [Great Laz Dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, page 554ab
* Ḳalandia, Tea (2007) Buba Ḳudava, editor, 2000 lazuri siṭq̇va: saleksiḳono masala [2000 Laz words: dictionary material] (Ḳolxuri seria; 1), Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN, page 44
* Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “mkyʼapu”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎ (in Turkish)
* Marr, N. (1910) “კჲაფუ”, in Грамматика чанского (лазского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Chan (Laz) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 2) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 156a
* Tandilava, Ali (2013) “მკჲაფუ”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary]‎, online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi