# 彷彿
## Chinese
### Etymology

From s:zh:淮南子/俶真訓
    天含和而未降，地懷氣而未揚，虛無寂寞，蕭條霄雿，無有彷彿，氣遂而大通冥冥者也 [Classical Chinese, trad.]天含和而未降，地怀气而未扬，虚无寂寞，萧条霄雿，无有彷佛，气遂而大通冥冥者也 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCEtiān hán hé ér wèi jiàng, dì huái qì ér wèi yáng, xū wú jìmò, xiāotiáo xiāo雿, wú yǒu pángfó, qì suì ér dà tōng míngmíng zhě yě [Pinyin]The yang energy contained in the sky has not yet declined, and the yin energy contained in the earth has not yet risen. There is nothingness and loneliness between heaven and earth, a deep depression, nothingness and vagueness, and the qi has only been generated and circulated in the deep darkness.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǎngfú
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˇ ㄈㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^2$ fat$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hóng-hut
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^2$ hug$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǎngfú
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˇ ㄈㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǎngfú
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^3$-fu$^2$
*** Yale: fǎng-fú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faangfwu
*** Palladius: фанфу (fanfu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^2$ fat$^1$
*** Yale: fóng fāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^2$ fat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^2$ fed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ³⁵ fɐt̚⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$彷彿／彷佛 恍惚
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng-hut
*** Tâi-lô: hóng-hut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hofnghud
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hut̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huang$^2$ hug$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huáng huk
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ huk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: phjangX phjut
Rime :
| Character | 彷 | 彿 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) | 物 (60) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 妃兩切 | 敷勿切 |
| Baxter | phjangX | phjut |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰʉɐŋ$^X$/ | /pʰɨut̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰʷiɐŋ$^X$/ | /pʰiut̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰiuɑŋ$^X$/ | /pʰiuət̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰuaŋ$^X$/ | /pʰut̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiuaŋ$^X$/ | /pʰiuət̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭwaŋ$^X$/ | /pʰĭuət̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰiwaŋ$^X$/ | /pʰi̯uət̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǎng | fu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^2$ | fat$^1$ |

### Adverb

彷彿
* as if; as though
* similar to
* vague, seeming like

#### Synonyms

* (as if):
* 不啻 (bùchì) (literary)
* 似 (ci$^5$) (Cantonese, Classical Chinese)
* 似乎 (sìhū)
* 似如 (si$^4$ y$^2$) (Xiang)
* 像 (xiàng)
* 像係／像系 (Hakka)
* 像是 (xiàngshì)
* 儼如／俨如 (yǎnrú) (literary)
* 儼然／俨然 (yǎnrán)
* 儼若／俨若 (yǎnruò) (literary)
* 勝如／胜如 ($^5$sen-zy) (Wu)
* 好似 (hǎosì)
* 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
* 如同 (rútóng)
* 好比 (hǎobǐ)
* 宛 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
* 宛如 (wǎnrú) (literary)
* 宛然 (wǎnrán) (literary)
* 宛若 (wǎnruò) (literary)
* 就像 (jiùxiàng)
* 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú)
* 忽如 (hūrú) (literary)
* 恍若 (huǎngruò)
* 敢若 (Hokkien)
* 敢若是 (Hokkien)
* 𣍐輸／𫧃输 (bē-su) (Hokkien)
* 有如 (yǒurú) (formal)
* 猶似／犹似 (yóusì) (literary)
* 猶像／犹像 (yóuxiàng) (literary)
* 猶如／犹如 (yóurú) (formal)
* 甲像 (Hokkien)
* 甲像是 (Hokkien)
* 甲親像／甲亲像 (Hokkien)
* 看上去 (kàn shàngqù)
* 看似 (kànsì)
* 看來／看来 (kànlái)
* 看樣子／看样子 (kànyàngzi)
* 看起來／看起来 (kànqilai)
* 若 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
* 若像 (Hokkien)
* 若親像／若亲像 (Hokkien)
* 表面上 (biǎomiànshang)
* 親像／亲像 (Hakka, Hokkien)
* 象 (xiàng)
* 貌似 (màosì)
* 賽可／赛可 (Ningbonese)
* 較像／较像 (Hokkien)
* 較像是／较像是 (Hokkien)
* 較親像／较亲像 (Hokkien)
* 顯得／显得 (xiǎnde)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 彷 | 彿 |
| ほう Hyōgai | ふつ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Alternative forms

* 髣髴

### Noun

彷(ほう)彿(ふつ) • (hōfutsu)
* close resemblance
* a reminder of the past

### Verb

彷(ほう)彿(ふつ)する • (hōfutsu suru) suru (stem 彷(ほう)彿(ふつ)し (hōfutsu shi), past 彷(ほう)彿(ふつ)した (hōfutsu shita))
* be reminiscent of

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 彷彿し | ほうふつし | hōfutsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 彷彿し | ほうふつし | hōfutsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 彷彿する | ほうふつする | hōfutsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 彷彿する | ほうふつする | hōfutsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 彷彿すれ | ほうふつすれ | hōfutsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 彷彿せよ¹ 彷彿しろ² | ほうふつせよ¹ ほうふつしろ² | hōfutsu seyo¹ hōfutsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 彷彿される | ほうふつされる | hōfutsu sareru |
| Causative | 彷彿させる 彷彿さす | ほうふつさせる ほうふつさす | hōfutsu saseru hōfutsu sasu |
| Potential | 彷彿できる | ほうふつできる | hōfutsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 彷彿しよう | ほうふつしよう | hōfutsu shiyō |
| Negative | 彷彿しない | ほうふつしない | hōfutsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 彷彿せず | ほうふつせず | hōfutsu sezu |
| Formal | 彷彿します | ほうふつします | hōfutsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 彷彿した | ほうふつした | hōfutsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 彷彿して | ほうふつして | hōfutsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 彷彿すれば | ほうふつすれば | hōfutsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||