# 懣

| 懣 | U+61E3, &#25059; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61E3 |
| ← 懢 [U+61E2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 懤 → [U+61E4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懣 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 水月心 (EBP), four-corner 3433$_2$, composition ⿱滿心)
* be sick at heart, sorrowful, sad

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 406, character 45
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11384
* Dae Jaweon: page 747, character 41
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2363, character 18
* Unihan data for U+61E3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 芇 | *men, *meːnʔ, *maːn |
| 蹣 | *boːn, *moːn |
| 瞞 | *moːn |
| 顢 | *moːn |
| 樠 | *moːn, *mon, *muːn |
| 慲 | *moːn |
| 鬗 | *moːn, *mons |
| 滿 | *moːnʔ |
| 鏋 | *moːnʔ |
| 懣 | *moːnʔ, *muːnʔ, *muːns |
| 璊 | *muːn |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mèn (men$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mun$^5$ / mun$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$men
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mèn
*** Wade–Giles: mên$^4$
*** Yale: mèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menn
*** Palladius: мэнь (mɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /mən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mun$^5$ / mun$^6$
*** Yale: múhn / muhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mun$^5$ / mun$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mun$^5$ / mun$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /muːn¹³/, /muːn²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$men
*** MiniDict: men$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$men
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mən²³/
* Middle Chinese: mwonX, manX, mwonH
Rime :
| Character | 懣 | 懣 | 懣 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 桓 (62) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 模本切 | 莫旱切 | 莫困切 |
| Baxter | mwonX | manX | mwonH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muən$^X$/ | /muɑn$^X$/ | /muən$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /muon$^X$/ | /mʷɑn$^X$/ | /muon$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muən$^X$/ | /muɑn$^X$/ | /muən$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwən$^X$/ | /mwan$^X$/ | /mwən$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /muən$^X$/ | /muɑn$^X$/ | /muən$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /muən$^X$/ | /muɑn$^X$/ | /muən$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /muən$^X$/ | /muɑn$^X$/ | /muən$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | měn | mǎn | mèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mun$^5$ | mun$^5$ | mun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤ[o][n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*moːnʔ/, /*muːnʔ/, /*muːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 懣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ man$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁ[o][n]ʔ/ |
| English | grieved |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懣 | 懣 | 懣 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 9041 | 9046 | 9047 |
| Phonetic component | 芇 | 芇 | 芇 |
| Rime group | 元 | 文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 滿 | 懣 | 悶 |
| Old Chinese | /*moːnʔ/ | /*muːnʔ/ | /*muːns/ |

### Definitions

懣
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 中懣之症／中懑之症
* 他懣／他懑
* 忿懣／忿懑
* 怨懣／怨懑
* 憤懣／愤懑 (fènmèn)
* 懣懣／懑懑
* 懣然／懑然
* 煩懣／烦懑 (fánmèn)

### References

* “懣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 𢡛 |
| Kyūjitai | 懣 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𢡛)
* worry
* agony
* anger

#### Readings

* Go-on: まん (man)、もん (mon)
* Kan-on: ばん (ban)、ぼん (bon)
* Kun: もだえる (modaeru, 懣える)

## Korean
### Hanja

懣 (eum 문 (mun))
* be sick at heart
* sorrowful, sad

## Vietnamese
### Han character

懣: Hán Nôm readings: muộn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation