# नद्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* নদ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬦᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
* নদ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰡𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀦𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* နဒ် (Burmese script)
* નદ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਨਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌨𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦤꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂢𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ನದ್ (Kannada script)
* នទ៑ (Khmer script)
* ນທ຺ (Lao script)
* നദ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠨᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
* 𑘡𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠨᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧁𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐣𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
* ନଦ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢥꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆤𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖡𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
* නද් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩯𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚝𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
* நத்³ (Tamil script)
* నద్ (Telugu script)
* นทฺ (Thai script)
* ན་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒢𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨝𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ned- (“to sound, roar, bellow”), which might be sound-symbolic. Mayrhofer adduces Proto-Indo-European *nedo- (“reed”) (that is, a "resonator (plant)" > "reed"), whence नड (naḍa, “reed”) and its relatives, as descendants. Other derivatives include नदी (nadī, “river”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /nɐd/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /n̪ɐd̪/

### Root

नद् • (nad)
* to sound, thunder, roar, howl, cry
* to resound, reverberate

#### Derived terms

* नदति (nádati, Present)
* नदिष्यति (nadiṣyati, Future)
* नदिता (naditā, Periphrastic Future)
* अनदीत् (anadīt, Aorist)
* अनादीत् (anādīt, Aorist)
* ननाद (nanāda, Perfect)
* नद्यते (nadyate, Passive)
* नदयति (nadáyati, Causative)
* नादयति (nādayati, Causative)
* अनीनदत् (anīnadat, Causative Aorist)
* नाद्यते (nādyate, Passive of Causative)
* निनदिषति (ninadiṣati, Desiderative)
* नानत्ति (nā́natti, Intensive)
* नानद्यते (nānadyate, Intensive)
* नदित (nadita, Past Participle)
* नद्य (nadya, Gerund)
* नद (nadá)
* नदथु (nadathu)
* नदनिमन् (nadanimán)
* नदनु (nadanú)
* नदिन् (nadin)
* नदी (nadī́, “flowing water, a river”)
* नाद (nādá)
* नादन (nādana)
* नादि (nādi)
* नादिन् (nādín)
* नानद (nānada)
* अभिनद् (abhinad)
* उन्नद् (unnad)
* निनद् (ninad)
* प्रतिनद् (pratinad)
* विनद् (vinad)
* संनद् (saṃnad)

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “NAD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 8-9

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “नद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0526/1.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “नद्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 087
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “नद्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 162
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 448
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0759”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0759