# ضم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Form I verb from the root ض م م (ḍ-m-m).

#### Verb

ضَمَّ • (ḍamma) I (non-past يَضُمُّ (yaḍummu), verbal noun ضَمّ (ḍamm))
* to gather, hoard, join, bring near
* to incorporate, to annex
* to concentrate, centralize
* to gird
* to compress the lips
* to mark or pronounce with damma

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ضم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ضم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) m
* verbal noun of ضَمَّ (ḍamma, “to gather”) (form I)
* gathering, hoarding, joining
* incorporation, annexation
* concentrating, centralizing
* girding
* (linguistics) the sound of short /u/, indicated in writing by a damma

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ضم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ض م م
* 2 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤamm/, [dˤam]

### Etymology 1

From Arabic ضَمَّ (ḍamma).

#### Verb

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) I (non-past يِضُمّ (yiḍumm))
* to hug
* to include, to incorporate, to annex
* to mark or pronounce with damma

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of ضم (ḍamm) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّ (ḍamm) | ضمّينا (ḍammēna) | ضمّيتوا (ḍammētu) | ضمّوا (ḍammu) |
| past | f | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّيتي (ḍammēti) | ضمّت (ḍammat) | ضمّينا (ḍammēna) | ضمّيتوا (ḍammētu) | ضمّوا (ḍammu) |
| non-past | m | أضمّ (ʔaḍumm) | تضمّ (tiḍumm) | يضمّ (yiḍumm) | نضمّ (niḍumm) | تضمّوا (tiḍummu) | يضمّوا (yiḍummu) |
| non-past | f | أضمّ (ʔaḍumm) | تضمّي (tiḍummi) | تضمّ (tiḍumm) | نضمّ (niḍumm) | تضمّوا (tiḍummu) | يضمّوا (yiḍummu) |
| imperative | m | | ضمّ (ḍumm) | | | ضمّوا (ḍummu) | |
| imperative | f | | ضمّي (ḍummi) | | | ضمّوا (ḍummu) | |

### Etymology 2

From Arabic ضَمّ (ḍamm).

#### Noun

ضَمّ • (ḍamm) m
* hugging
* (linguistics) the sound of short /u/, indicated in writing by a damma

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ض م م
* 2 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic ضَمَّ (ḍamma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤamm/, [dˤɑm]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

ضمّ • (ḍamm) I (present بضمّ (biḍomm))
* to include

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of ضمّ (ḍamm) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّ (ḍamm) | ضمّينا (ḍammēna) | ضمّيتو (ḍammētu) | ضمّو (ḍammu) |
| past | f | ضمّيت (ḍammēt) | ضمّيتي (ḍammēti) | ضمّت (ḍammat) | ضمّينا (ḍammēna) | ضمّيتو (ḍammētu) | ضمّو (ḍammu) |
| present | m | بضمّ (baḍomm) | بتضمّ (bitḍomm) | بضمّ (biḍomm) | منضمّ (minḍomm) | بتضمّو (bitḍommu) | بضمّو (biḍommu) |
| present | f | بضمّ (baḍomm) | بتضمّي (bitḍommi) | بتضمّ (bitḍomm) | منضمّ (minḍomm) | بتضمّو (bitḍommu) | بضمّو (biḍommu) |
| subjunctive | m | اضمّ (aḍomm) | تضمّ (tḍomm) | يضمّ (yḍomm) | نضمّ (nḍomm) | تضمّو (tḍommu) | يضمّو (yḍommu) |
| subjunctive | f | اضمّ (aḍomm) | تضمّي (tḍommi) | تضمّ (tḍomm) | نضمّ (nḍomm) | تضمّو (tḍommu) | يضمّو (yḍommu) |
| imperative | m | | ضمّ (ḍomm) | | | ضمّو (ḍommu) | |
| imperative | f | | ضمّي (ḍommi) | | | ضمّو (ḍommu) | |

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ضم (zamm), from Arabic ضَمّ (ḍamm).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /zəm/
* Rhymes: -əm

### Noun

ضَم • (zam) m (Hindi spelling ज़म)
* integrate, merge, incorporate
* absorption, assimilation
* conjunction

### References

* “ضم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “ضم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.