# codliver
## English
### Noun

codliver (countable and uncountable, plural codlivers)
* Alternative form of cod liver.
** 1852 April, “On Chloroform as a Solvent”, in William Procter, Jr., editor, The American Journal of Pharmacy, Published by Authority of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, volume XVIII, Philadelphia, Pa.: Merrihew and Thompson, […], page 147:2. Fixed oils and fats. The oils of olives, poppy seed, almonds, castor beans, codlivers, rapeseed, neats foot, euphorbia lathyrus, croton tiglium, lard, tallow, palm nuts, cocoanuts, spermaceti, and probably all the fixed fats, dissolve readily, and in all proportions in chloroform.
** 1855, Charles Nordhoff, “The South-East Trades—A Gale off the Cape, and what succeeded it—St. Pauls and New Amsterdam—Return to fine Weather—Water-Spouts”, in Man-of-War Life: A Boy’s Experience in the United States Navy, During a Voyage around the World, in a Ship of the Line, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, […], page 156:Your grand-banker, who may be smelt a mile off, on a smooth day, if you are so unfortunate as to be under his lee—who lives, moves, and has his being in the midst of decaying codlivers and decayed fish—who stumps about all day in tough oil-clothes, and sea-boots with soles an inch thick, washes his face once a month, and cuts a notch in the mainmast when he changes his shirt—this same rusty old fellow will look thunder at you, should you by accident place a soiled shoe upon his half-deck, and will wash this little favored oasis in the surrounding wilderness of dirt, every day of his fishing cruise.
** 1876, James Lamont, “Novaya Zemlya and the Kara Sea”, in Yachting in the Arctic Seas or Notes of Five Voyages of Sport and Discovery in the Neighbourhood of Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemlya, London: Chatto and Windus, […], page 16:The outskirts of the towns were characterised by immense cauldrons, in which codlivers are boiled for the European market, and suggested by their magnitude, on the one hand, the amelioration of insidious disease to thousands, and, on the other, the importance of this branch of industry and the dangers encountered fearlessly in earning a livelihood by the cod-fishers.
** 1878 November, Louis von Cotzhausen, “Gleanings from the German Journals”, in John M[ichael] Maisch, editor, The American Journal of Pharmacy. Published by Authority of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy., volume L / fourth series, volume VIII, Philadelphia, Pa.: Merrihew & Son, […], pages 518–519:He states on the authority of Professor Almén, who has devoted many years to the analysis and study of the different kinds of codliver oil of commerce, that a nearly white oil may be made by heating fresh codlivers, previously cleaned and washed, in well-tinned kettles by steam, decanting the exuding oil, straining it and exposing it to a low temperature; […]
** 1886 December 1, “Recent Patents”, in Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter, volume XXX, number 22, New York, N.Y., page 52, column 2:PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING CONCENTRATED EXTRACT OF CODLIVERS. James W. Stairs and John Craig, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Filed February 13, 1886. Issued November, 23, 1886.
** 1904, E[dwin] Stanton Muir, “Oleum Morrhuæ”, in Manual of Materia Medica and Pharmacy: Specially Designed for the Use of Practitioners and Medical, Pharmaceutical, Dental, and Veterinary Students, 3rd edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: F[rank] A[llston] Davis Company, […], page 95:Codliver-oil. […] The pale oil is obtained from fresh codlivers, caught near the shore.
** 1927 June 14, “Codliver Oil Responds to Science”, in Drug Markets: The Business Paper of Manufacturers of Pharmaceutical, Proprietary, Toilet & Flavoring Preparations, volume XX, number 12, Drug & Chemical Markets, Inc., page 674, column 1:Was codliver oil a man made product all of the foregoing would signalize a banner year for the producers; […]. It is common knowledge that the Newfoundland market is at present practically in the hands of two or three men who are developing the industry there. These interests in turn are reputed to be “sewed up” with a few of the large American distributors of codliver products who account for practically the entire output.
** 1942, Dorothy Duncan, Bluenose: A Portrait of Nova Scotia, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, pages 231–259; republished in Brian Tennyson, Impressions of Cape Breton, [Sydney, N.S.: University College of Cape Breton Press], 1986 September, →ISBN, page 275:Cheticamp is an Acadian fishing village sprawling bare on windblown rocks. It is filled with the odors of brine and seaweed and codlivers gathered into pails by deft fingers as the fish are cleaned.
** 1956, Joseph Chase Allen, “Fighting—Farming—Fishing”, in Eleanor Ransom Mayhew, editor, Martha’s Vineyard: A Short History by Various Hands Together with a Guide to Points of Interest with Maps and Pictures, Edgartown, Mass.: Dukes County Historical Society, Inc., published 1966, page 63:Fishermen’s boots were of leather until the introduction of rubber early in the 19th century. These were kept supple when not in use by filling them with oil tried out of codlivers.
** 1977, J. Wurziger, G. Dickhaut, translated by the Translation Bureau, Harmful substances in fatty fish preparations (Fisheries and Marine Service, Translation Series No. 4073), Halifax, N.S.: Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Halifax Laboratory, pages 12–13:It was found that tuna meat was most strongly contaminated. On the other hand, we were able to find only minimal quantities of both DDT and PCB in tuna meat and—apart from one exception—also in the added oil. The investigations of preparations of codliver yielded far less favorable results. These preparations usually contain between 50 and 55 per cent oil. In general, more DDT and PCB were found in the oil released under the processing conditions than in liver parts containing less fat. […] Since fresh codlivers are used in the case of preparations like "codliver in codliver oil," no conversion factors are required.