# περιβάλλω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From περῐ- (peri-, “around”) +‎ βᾰ́λλω (bállō, “to throw”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pe.ri.bál.lɔː/ → /pe.riˈβal.lo/ → /pe.riˈva.lo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pe.ri.bál.lɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /pe.riˈbal.lo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /pe.riˈβal.lo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /pe.riˈval.lo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /pe.riˈva.lo/

### Verb

περῐβᾰ́λλω • (peribállō)
* to throw round, about, or over, put on or over
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.211
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.454
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.479
** 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 914
** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 1044
** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1459
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 52
** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 619
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 529
** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 1159
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 576
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.215
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.85
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.60
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.25
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.148
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.231
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.528
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.152
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.109
** 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 1150
** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 334
** 300 CE – 500 CE, Hermesianax, Collected Works 7.87
** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Democritus, Collected Works 280
** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Rhetoric 1.8
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.96
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.141
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.8
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.1.14
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1276A.27
** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 4.65.11
** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 5.20.5
** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Funeral Oration 45
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.163
** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 216D
** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 174E
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1331A.8
** (figuratively) to put round or upon a person, to invest them with
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.129
*** 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 829
*** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 304
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 189
*** 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 934
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 1031
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Collected Works 12.283C
* (reversely, with dative of object) to surround, encompass, enclose with
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.141
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.60
** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 748
** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 25
** 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 330
** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 372
** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Critias 116A
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 6.3.30
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 537A.20
* (with accusative) to encompass, surround
** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1453
** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 1140
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.7.25
** 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 25:36
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.91
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.39
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.17
** to fetch a compass round, double
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.462
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.44
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.95
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 5.29
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 6.18
* (middle voice) to bring into one's power, aim at
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.71
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.8
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 4.2.6
** 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 231
** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.29.7
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.24
** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panegyricus 184
** to appropriate mentally, comprehend
*** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Philip 118
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 285B
** to cloak or veil in words
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 222C
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 272D
* to throw beyond, beat in throwing, to beat, excel, surpass
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.17
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.276

#### Inflection
### References

* “περιβάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “περιβάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “περιβάλλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* περιβάλλω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* περιβάλλω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “περιβάλλω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G4016 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible