# 湃

| 湃 | U+6E43, &#28227; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E43 |
| ← 湂 [U+6E42] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湄 → [U+6E44] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湃 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水竹手十 (EHQJ), four-corner 3115$_0$, composition ⿰氵拜)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 636, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17808
* Dae Jaweon: page 1043, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1679, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6E43

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 拜 | *proːds |
| 湃 | *pʰroːds |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pài (pai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): paai$^3$ / baai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phài / pài
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pài
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pài
*** Wade–Giles: pʻai$^4$
*** Yale: pài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pay
*** Palladius: пай (paj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: paai$^3$ / baai$^3$
*** Yale: paai / baai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: paai$^3$ / baai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pai$^3$ / bai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaːi̯³³/, /paːi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phài
*** Tâi-lô: phài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phaix
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰai²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰai⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pài
*** Tâi-lô: pài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: paix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pai²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pai¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: pheajH
Rime :
| Character | 湃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 普拜切 |
| Baxter | pheajH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠɛi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚæi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰəɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰăi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | paai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 223 |
| Phonetic component | 拜 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 湃 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰroːds/ |

#### Definitions

湃
* Used in 澎湃 and 湃湃, etc.

#### Compounds

* 奔騰澎湃／奔腾澎湃
* 彭湃
* 心潮澎湃 (xīncháopéngpài)
* 泙湃
* 洶涌澎湃
* 洶湧澎湃／汹涌澎湃
* 浪濤澎湃／浪涛澎湃
* 淜湃
* 湃湃
* 滂湃
* 澎湃

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bá (ba$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bá
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bá
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^2$
*** Yale: bá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bar
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä³⁵/

#### Definitions

湃
* (Mandarin) to soak something in cold water to cool
    alt. forms: 拔 (bá)
* (obsolete) to bury something in ice to cool

### References

* “湃”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* sound of waves

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): はい (hai)、へ (he)
* Kun: しみわたる (shimiwataru)

## Korean
### Hanja

湃 (eum 배 (bae))
* sound of waves
* turbulent

## Vietnamese
### Han character

湃: Hán Nôm readings: phái
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation