# τοιόσδε
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From τοῖος (toîos, “such”) +‎ -δε (-de, deictic suffix). Compare ὅδε (hóde, “this here”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /toi̯.óz.de/ → /tyˈoz.ðe/ → /tiˈoz.ðe/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /toi̯.óz.de/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /tyˈoz.de/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /tyˈoz.ðe/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /tyˈoz.ðe/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /tiˈoz.ðe/

### Adjective

τοιόσδε • (toiósde) m (feminine τοιᾱ́δε, neuter τοιόνδε)
* (proximal demonstrative adjective of quality) of this sort or kind, such
** (sometimes antecedent of relative adjective, τοιόσδε ... οἷος ... (toiósde ... hoîos ...), τοιόσδε ... ὅς ... (toiósde ... hós ...))
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.370–371:ἐπεὶ τό γε καλὸν ἀκουέμεν ἐστὶν ἀοιδοῦ τοιοῦδ’ οἷος ὅδ’ ἐστί, θεοῖσ’ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν.epeì tó ge kalòn akouémen estìn aoidoû toioûd’ hoîos hód’ estí, theoîs’ enalínkios audḗn.[Telemachus speaking to Penelope:] since it is good to listen to such a singer as this one is, in voice like the gods.
** (without relative pronoun)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.205–206:ἀλλ’ ὅδ’ ἐγὼ τοιόσδε, παθὼν κακά, πολλὰ δ’ ἀληθείς, ἤλυθον εἰκοστῷ ἔτεϊ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.all’ hód’ egṑ toiósde, pathṑn kaká, pollà d’ alētheís, ḗluthon eikostôi éteï es patrída gaîan.[Odysseus reuniting with Telemachus:] But I here in this way, after suffering evils and wandering far, have come in the twentieth year to my homeland.
** (implying a positive or negative adjective) so great, so bad
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.799:ἦ μὲν δὴ μάλα πολλὰ μάχας εἰσήλυθον ἀνδρῶν ἀλλ’ οὔ πω τοιόνδε τοσόνδέ τε λαὸν ὄπωπα·ê mèn dḕ mála pollà mákhas eisḗluthon andrôn all’ oú pō toiónde tosóndé te laòn ópōpa;[Iris disguised as Polites speaking to the Trojans:] In my time I have gone very often to battles between men but have never seen such a great and numerous host as this.
** (indicating something immediately to come) the following
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.3.2:καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἐδάκρυε πολὺν χρόνον ἑστώς· οἱ δὲ ὁρῶντες ἐθαύμαζον καὶ ἐσιώπων: εἶτα δὲ ἔλεξε τοιάδε. ἄνδρες στρατιῶται, μὴ θαυμάζετε ὅτι χαλεπῶς φέρω τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασιν.kaì prôton mèn edákrue polùn khrónon hestṓs; hoi dè horôntes ethaúmazon kaì esiṓpōn: eîta dè élexe toiáde. ándres stratiôtai, mḕ thaumázete hóti khalepôs phérō toîs paroûsi prágmasin.And first he stood and wept for a long time. Those watching him were amazed and stayed silent. Then he said the following: Men, soldiers, do not be amazed that I take the present situation so hard.

#### Usage notes

Often indicates something that will be said, in contrast with τοιοῦτος (toioûtos), which indicates something that has already been said.

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### Further reading

* “τοιόσδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “τοιόσδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “τοιόσδε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* τοιόσδε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* τοιόσδε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “τοιόσδε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5107 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. character idem, page 125.kind idem, page 469.nature idem, page 552.sort idem, page 795.such idem, page 834.