# synecdoche
## English
### Alternative forms

* syndoche, synechdoche

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin synecdochē, from Ancient Greek συνεκδοχή (sunekdokhḗ, “receiving together”) from σύν (sún, “with”) + ἐκ (ek, “out of”) + δέχεσθαι (dékhesthai, “to accept”), this last element related to δοκέω (dokéō, “to think, suppose, seem”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɪˈnɛk.də.ki/, /sɪˈnɛk.doʊ.ki/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

synecdoche (countable and uncountable, plural synecdoches)
* (rhetoric) A figure of speech that uses the name of a part of something to represent the whole, or the whole to represent a part.
    Hypernym: metonymy
    Hyponyms: pars pro toto, totum pro parte
** 1835, L[arret] Langley, A Manual of the Figures of Rhetoric, […], Doncaster: Printed by C. White, Baxter-Gate, →OCLC, page 9:Synecdoche the whole for part will take, Or part for whole, just for the metre's sake.
** 2002 Sep, Christopher Hitchens, “Martin Amis: Lightness at Midnight”, in The Atlantic:"Holocaust" can become a tired synecdoche for war crimes in general.
** 2017 May 17, Dorian Lynskey, “The 20-year-old black mirror that reflects the world today”, in BBC.com Culture‎:Perhaps being in a touring band was, to Yorke, a synecdoche for the modern condition: disorientation, alienation, rootlessness, exhaustion, lack of control, occasional derangement, constant motion.
* (rhetoric) The use of this figure of speech.
    Synonym: synecdochy

#### Usage notes

Technically, a synecdoche is a part of the referent while a metonym is connected or associated but not necessarily a part of it.

#### Derived terms

* synecdochic
* synecdochical
* synecdochically
* synecdochize
* synecdochy

#### Related terms

* docetism
* meronymy

#### See also

* metaphor
* metonymy

### Further reading

* synecdoche on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Latin synecdoche, from Ancient Greek συνεκδοχή (sunekdokhḗ, “receiving together”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sinɛkˈdoːxə/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

synecdoche f (plural synecdoches, diminutive synecdochetje n)
* (literature) synecdoche

### See also

* metonymia

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek συνεκδοχή (sunekdokhḗ, “receiving together”) from σύν (sún, “with”) + ἐκ (ek, “out of”) + δέχεσθαι (dékhesthai, “to accept”), this last element related to δοκέω (dokéō, “to think, suppose, seem”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /syˈnek.do.kʰeː/, [s̠ʏˈnɛɡd̪ɔkʰeː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /siˈnek.do.ke/, [siˈnɛkd̪oke]

### Noun

synecdochē f (genitive synecdochēs); first declension
* (original sense) the putting of a whole for a part
* (Late Latin) (rhetoric) synecdoche (certain type of metaphor)

#### Declension

First-declension noun (Greek-type).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | synecdochē | synecdochae |
| Genitive | synecdochēs | synecdochārum |
| Dative | synecdochae | synecdochīs |
| Accusative | synecdochēn | synecdochās |
| Ablative | synecdochē | synecdochīs |
| Vocative | synecdochē | synecdochae |

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: synecdoche
* → English: synecdoche
* → Esperanto: sinekdoĥo
* → Finnish: synekdokee
* → French: synecdoque
* → German: Synekdoche
* → Italian: sineddoche
* → Portuguese: sinédoque
* → Romanian: sinecdocă
* → Spanish: sinécdoque

### References

* “synecdoche”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* synecdoche in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

### Further reading

* synecdoche on Wikipedia.Wikipedia