# մոշ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Middle Armenian մոշ (moš).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /moʃ/, [moʃ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /moʃ/, [moʃ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

մոշ • (moš)
* blackberry, dewberry, bramble, Rubus gen. et spp. (berry and shrub)

#### Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | մոշ (moš) | մոշեր (mošer) |
| dative | մոշի (moši) | մոշերի (mošeri) |
| ablative | մոշից (mošicʻ) | մոշերից (mošericʻ) |
| instrumental | մոշով (mošov) | մոշերով (mošerov) |
| locative | մոշում (mošum) | մոշերում (mošerum) |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | մոշը/մոշն (mošə/mošn) | մոշերը/մոշերն (mošerə/mošern) |
| dative | մոշին (mošin) | մոշերին (mošerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | մոշս (mošs) | մոշերս (mošers) |
| dative | մոշիս (mošis) | մոշերիս (mošeris) |
| ablative | մոշիցս (mošicʻs) | մոշերիցս (mošericʻs) |
| instrumental | մոշովս (mošovs) | մոշերովս (mošerovs) |
| locative | մոշումս (mošums) | մոշերումս (mošerums) |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | մոշդ (mošd) | մոշերդ (mošerd) |
| dative | մոշիդ (mošid) | մոշերիդ (mošerid) |
| ablative | մոշիցդ (mošicʻd) | մոշերիցդ (mošericʻd) |
| instrumental | մոշովդ (mošovd) | մոշերովդ (mošerovd) |
| locative | մոշումդ (mošumd) | մոշերումդ (mošerumd) |

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: moş

### Further reading

* Pallas, Peter Simon (1788) “Rubus fruticosus”, in Flora Rossica (in Latin), volume I, part II, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 65, recorded as masch

## Middle Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian *մոշ (*moš), attested in մոշավայրի (mošavayri), of uncertain origin. Possibly from earlier *mor-s- and related to մոր (mor, “blackberry”).

### Noun

մոշ • (moš)
* blackberry, dewberry, bramble, Rubus gen. et spp. (berry and shrub)

#### Usage notes

* The frequently cited alternative form *մոշայ (*mošay) is a ghost form deduced from մոշա-վայրի (moša-vayri, “wild tamarisk”). Included in modern dictionaries as մոշա (moša, “tamarisk”).
* In the Galen dictionary, մոշի (moši) translates Ancient Greek μυρίκη (muríkē, “tamarisk”), and in the Bible մոշավայրի (mošavayri) translates Ancient Greek ἀγριομυρίκη (agriomuríkē, literally “wild tamarisk”). Hence, it is assumed մոշ (moš) also meant "tamarisk". But Middle Armenian attestations and the dialectal material unequivocally point to the blackberry. We may be dealing with approximate translations.

#### Derived terms

* մոշենի (mošeni)
* մոշի (moši)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: մոշ (moš)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մոշայ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 345–346
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “մոշայ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 297a
* Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 33–34
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 72, 588
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “մոշ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 527b
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 472
* Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “մոշ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎, edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 521