# thomba
## Zulu
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tòmba.

### Verb

-thomba
* Begin puberty.
* Rust.
* Get a film; get a layer of dust.

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuthomba |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuthomba | ukungathombi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | thomba | -thombe |
| Plural | thombani | -thombeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyathomba, ngithomba | engithombayo, engithomba | ngithomba | angithombi | engingathombi | ngingathombi |
| 2nd singular | uyathomba, uthomba | othombayo, othomba | uthomba | awuthombi | ongathombi | ungathombi |
| 1st plural | siyathomba, sithomba | esithombayo, esithomba | sithomba | asithombi | esingathombi | singathombi |
| 2nd plural | niyathomba, nithomba | enithombayo, enithomba | nithomba | anithombi | eningathombi | ningathombi |
| Class 1 | uyathomba, uthomba | othombayo, othomba | ethomba | akathombi | ongathombi | engathombi |
| Class 2 | bayathomba, bathomba | abathombayo, abathomba | bethomba | abathombi | abangathombi | bengathombi |
| Class 3 | uyathomba, uthomba | othombayo, othomba | uthomba | awuthombi | ongathombi | ungathombi |
| Class 4 | iyathomba, ithomba | ethombayo, ethomba | ithomba | ayithombi | engathombi | ingathombi |
| Class 5 | liyathomba, lithomba | elithombayo, elithomba | lithomba | alithombi | elingathombi | lingathombi |
| Class 6 | ayathomba, athomba | athombayo, athomba | ethomba | awathombi | angathombi | engathombi |
| Class 7 | siyathomba, sithomba | esithombayo, esithomba | sithomba | asithombi | esingathombi | singathombi |
| Class 8 | ziyathomba, zithomba | ezithombayo, ezithomba | zithomba | azithombi | ezingathombi | zingathombi |
| Class 9 | iyathomba, ithomba | ethombayo, ethomba | ithomba | ayithombi | engathombi | ingathombi |
| Class 10 | ziyathomba, zithomba | ezithombayo, ezithomba | zithomba | azithombi | ezingathombi | zingathombi |
| Class 11 | luyathomba, luthomba | oluthombayo, oluthomba | luthomba | aluthombi | olungathombi | lungathombi |
| Class 14 | buyathomba, buthomba | obuthombayo, obuthomba | buthomba | abuthombi | obungathombi | bungathombi |
| Class 15 | kuyathomba, kuthomba | okuthombayo, okuthomba | kuthomba | akuthombi | okungathombi | kungathombi |
| Class 17 | kuyathomba, kuthomba | okuthombayo, okuthomba | kuthomba | akuthombi | okungathombi | kungathombi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngithombile, ngithombē | engithombile, engithombē | ngithombile, ngithombē | angithombanga | engingathombanga | ngingathombanga |
| 2nd singular | uthombile, uthombē | othombile, othombē | uthombile, uthombē | awuthombanga | ongathombanga | ungathombanga |
| 1st plural | sithombile, sithombē | esithombile, esithombē | sithombile, sithombē | asithombanga | esingathombanga | singathombanga |
| 2nd plural | nithombile, nithombē | enithombile, enithombē | nithombile, nithombē | anithombanga | eningathombanga | ningathombanga |
| Class 1 | uthombile, uthombē | othombile, othombē | ethombile, ethombē | akathombanga | ongathombanga | engathombanga |
| Class 2 | bathombile, bathombē | abathombile, abathombē | bethombile, bethombē | abathombanga | abangathombanga | bengathombanga |
| Class 3 | uthombile, uthombē | othombile, othombē | uthombile, uthombē | awuthombanga | ongathombanga | ungathombanga |
| Class 4 | ithombile, ithombē | ethombile, ethombē | ithombile, ithombē | ayithombanga | engathombanga | ingathombanga |
| Class 5 | lithombile, lithombē | elithombile, elithombē | lithombile, lithombē | alithombanga | elingathombanga | lingathombanga |
| Class 6 | athombile, athombē | athombile, athombē | ethombile, ethombē | awathombanga | angathombanga | engathombanga |
| Class 7 | sithombile, sithombē | esithombile, esithombē | sithombile, sithombē | asithombanga | esingathombanga | singathombanga |
| Class 8 | zithombile, zithombē | ezithombile, ezithombē | zithombile, zithombē | azithombanga | ezingathombanga | zingathombanga |
| Class 9 | ithombile, ithombē | ethombile, ethombē | ithombile, ithombē | ayithombanga | engathombanga | ingathombanga |
| Class 10 | zithombile, zithombē | ezithombile, ezithombē | zithombile, zithombē | azithombanga | ezingathombanga | zingathombanga |
| Class 11 | luthombile, luthombē | oluthombile, oluthombē | luthombile, luthombē | aluthombanga | olungathombanga | lungathombanga |
| Class 14 | buthombile, buthombē | obuthombile, obuthombē | buthombile, buthombē | abuthombanga | obungathombanga | bungathombanga |
| Class 15 | kuthombile, kuthombē | okuthombile, okuthombē | kuthombile, kuthombē | akuthombanga | okungathombanga | kungathombanga |
| Class 17 | kuthombile, kuthombē | okuthombile, okuthombē | kuthombile, kuthombē | akuthombanga | okungathombanga | kungathombanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāthomba | engāthomba | ngāthomba | angithombanga | engingathombanga | ngingathombanga |
| 2nd singular | wāthomba | owāthomba | wāthomba | awuthombanga | ongathombanga | ungathombanga |
| 1st plural | sāthomba | esāthomba | sāthomba | asithombanga | esingathombanga | singathombanga |
| 2nd plural | nāthomba | enāthomba | nāthomba | anithombanga | eningathombanga | ningathombanga |
| Class 1 | wāthomba | owāthomba | āthomba | akathombanga | ongathombanga | engathombanga |
| Class 2 | bāthomba | abāthomba | bāthomba | abathombanga | abangathombanga | bengathombanga |
| Class 3 | wāthomba | owāthomba | wāthomba | awuthombanga | ongathombanga | ungathombanga |
| Class 4 | yāthomba | eyāthomba | yāthomba | ayithombanga | engathombanga | ingathombanga |
| Class 5 | lāthomba | elāthomba | lāthomba | alithombanga | elingathombanga | lingathombanga |
| Class 6 | āthomba | āthomba | āthomba | awathombanga | angathombanga | engathombanga |
| Class 7 | sāthomba | esāthomba | sāthomba | asithombanga | esingathombanga | singathombanga |
| Class 8 | zāthomba | ezāthomba | zāthomba | azithombanga | ezingathombanga | zingathombanga |
| Class 9 | yāthomba | eyāthomba | yāthomba | ayithombanga | engathombanga | ingathombanga |
| Class 10 | zāthomba | ezāthomba | zāthomba | azithombanga | ezingathombanga | zingathombanga |
| Class 11 | lwāthomba | olwāthomba | lwāthomba | aluthombanga | olungathombanga | lungathombanga |
| Class 14 | bāthomba | obāthomba | bāthomba | abuthombanga | obungathombanga | bungathombanga |
| Class 15 | kwāthomba | okwāthomba | kwāthomba | akuthombanga | okungathombanga | kungathombanga |
| Class 17 | kwāthomba | okwāthomba | kwāthomba | akuthombanga | okungathombanga | kungathombanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingathomba | — | ngingathomba | ngingethombe | — | ngingethombe |
| 2nd singular | ungathomba | — | ungathomba | ungethombe | — | ungethombe |
| 1st plural | singathomba | — | singathomba | singethombe | — | singethombe |
| 2nd plural | ningathomba | — | ningathomba | ningethombe | — | ningethombe |
| Class 1 | angathomba | — | engathomba | angethombe | — | engethombe |
| Class 2 | bangathomba | — | bengathomba | bangethombe | — | bengethombe |
| Class 3 | ungathomba | — | ungathomba | ungethombe | — | ungethombe |
| Class 4 | ingathomba | — | ingathomba | ingethombe | — | ingethombe |
| Class 5 | lingathomba | — | lingathomba | lingethombe | — | lingethombe |
| Class 6 | angathomba | — | engathomba | angethombe | — | engethombe |
| Class 7 | singathomba | — | singathomba | singethombe | — | singethombe |
| Class 8 | zingathomba | — | zingathomba | zingethombe | — | zingethombe |
| Class 9 | ingathomba | — | ingathomba | ingethombe | — | ingethombe |
| Class 10 | zingathomba | — | zingathomba | zingethombe | — | zingethombe |
| Class 11 | lungathomba | — | lungathomba | lungethombe | — | lungethombe |
| Class 14 | bungathomba | — | bungathomba | bungethombe | — | bungethombe |
| Class 15 | kungathomba | — | kungathomba | kungethombe | — | kungethombe |
| Class 17 | kungathomba | — | kungathomba | kungethombe | — | kungethombe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizothomba | engizothomba | ngizothomba | angizuthomba | engingezuthomba | ngingezuthomba |
| 2nd singular | uzothomba | ozothomba | uzothomba | awuzuthomba | ongezuthomba | ungezuthomba |
| 1st plural | sizothomba | esizothomba | sizothomba | asizuthomba | esingezuthomba | singezuthomba |
| 2nd plural | nizothomba | enizothomba | nizothomba | anizuthomba | eningezuthomba | ningezuthomba |
| Class 1 | uzothomba | ozothomba | ezothomba | akazuthomba | ongezuthomba | engezuthomba |
| Class 2 | bazothomba | abazothomba | bezothomba | abazuthomba | abangezuthomba | bengezuthomba |
| Class 3 | uzothomba | ozothomba | uzothomba | awuzuthomba | ongezuthomba | ungezuthomba |
| Class 4 | izothomba | ezothomba | izothomba | ayizuthomba | engezuthomba | ingezuthomba |
| Class 5 | lizothomba | elizothomba | lizothomba | alizuthomba | elingezuthomba | lingezuthomba |
| Class 6 | azothomba | azothomba | ezothomba | awazuthomba | angezuthomba | engezuthomba |
| Class 7 | sizothomba | esizothomba | sizothomba | asizuthomba | esingezuthomba | singezuthomba |
| Class 8 | zizothomba | ezizothomba | zizothomba | azizuthomba | ezingezuthomba | zingezuthomba |
| Class 9 | izothomba | ezothomba | izothomba | ayizuthomba | engezuthomba | ingezuthomba |
| Class 10 | zizothomba | ezizothomba | zizothomba | azizuthomba | ezingezuthomba | zingezuthomba |
| Class 11 | luzothomba | oluzothomba | luzothomba | aluzuthomba | olungezuthomba | lungezuthomba |
| Class 14 | buzothomba | obuzothomba | buzothomba | abuzuthomba | obungezuthomba | bungezuthomba |
| Class 15 | kuzothomba | okuzothomba | kuzothomba | akuzuthomba | okungezuthomba | kungezuthomba |
| Class 17 | kuzothomba | okuzothomba | kuzothomba | akuzuthomba | okungezuthomba | kungezuthomba |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyothomba | engiyothomba | ngiyothomba | angiyuthomba | engingeyuthomba | ngingeyuthomba |
| 2nd singular | uyothomba | oyothomba | uyothomba | awuyuthomba | ongeyuthomba | ungeyuthomba |
| 1st plural | siyothomba | esiyothomba | siyothomba | asiyuthomba | esingeyuthomba | singeyuthomba |
| 2nd plural | niyothomba | eniyothomba | niyothomba | aniyuthomba | eningeyuthomba | ningeyuthomba |
| Class 1 | uyothomba | oyothomba | eyothomba | akayuthomba | ongeyuthomba | engeyuthomba |
| Class 2 | bayothomba | abayothomba | beyothomba | abayuthomba | abangeyuthomba | bengeyuthomba |
| Class 3 | uyothomba | oyothomba | uyothomba | awuyuthomba | ongeyuthomba | ungeyuthomba |
| Class 4 | iyothomba | eyothomba | iyothomba | ayiyuthomba | engeyuthomba | ingeyuthomba |
| Class 5 | liyothomba | eliyothomba | liyothomba | aliyuthomba | elingeyuthomba | lingeyuthomba |
| Class 6 | ayothomba | ayothomba | eyothomba | awayuthomba | angeyuthomba | engeyuthomba |
| Class 7 | siyothomba | esiyothomba | siyothomba | asiyuthomba | esingeyuthomba | singeyuthomba |
| Class 8 | ziyothomba | eziyothomba | ziyothomba | aziyuthomba | ezingeyuthomba | zingeyuthomba |
| Class 9 | iyothomba | eyothomba | iyothomba | ayiyuthomba | engeyuthomba | ingeyuthomba |
| Class 10 | ziyothomba | eziyothomba | ziyothomba | aziyuthomba | ezingeyuthomba | zingeyuthomba |
| Class 11 | luyothomba | oluyothomba | luyothomba | aluyuthomba | olungeyuthomba | lungeyuthomba |
| Class 14 | buyothomba | obuyothomba | buyothomba | abuyuthomba | obungeyuthomba | bungeyuthomba |
| Class 15 | kuyothomba | okuyothomba | kuyothomba | akuyuthomba | okungeyuthomba | kungeyuthomba |
| Class 17 | kuyothomba | okuyothomba | kuyothomba | akuyuthomba | okungeyuthomba | kungeyuthomba |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngithombe | ngingathombi |
| 2nd singular | uthombe | ungathombi |
| 1st plural | sithombe | singathombi |
| 2nd plural | nithombe | ningathombi |
| Class 1 | athombe | angathombi |
| Class 2 | bathombe | bangathombi |
| Class 3 | uthombe | ungathombi |
| Class 4 | ithombe | ingathombi |
| Class 5 | lithombe | lingathombi |
| Class 6 | athombe | angathombi |
| Class 7 | sithombe | singathombi |
| Class 8 | zithombe | zingathombi |
| Class 9 | ithombe | ingathombi |
| Class 10 | zithombe | zingathombi |
| Class 11 | luthombe | lungathombi |
| Class 14 | buthombe | bungathombi |
| Class 15 | kuthombe | kungathombi |
| Class 17 | kuthombe | kungathombi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngathomba | ngangathomba, angathomba, angangathomba |
| 2nd singular | wathomba | wangathomba, awathomba, awangathomba |
| 1st plural | sathomba | sangathomba, asathomba, asangathomba |
| 2nd plural | nathomba | nangathomba, anathomba, anangathomba |
| Class 1 | wathomba | wangathomba, akathomba, akangathomba |
| Class 2 | bathomba | bangathomba, abathomba, abangathomba |
| Class 3 | wathomba | wangathomba, awathomba, awangathomba |
| Class 4 | yathomba | yangathomba, ayathomba, ayangathomba |
| Class 5 | lathomba | langathomba, alathomba, alangathomba |
| Class 6 | athomba | angathomba, awathomba, awangathomba |
| Class 7 | sathomba | sangathomba, asathomba, asangathomba |
| Class 8 | zathomba | zangathomba, azathomba, azangathomba |
| Class 9 | yathomba | yangathomba, ayathomba, ayangathomba |
| Class 10 | zathomba | zangathomba, azathomba, azangathomba |
| Class 11 | lwathomba | lwangathomba, alwathomba, alwangathomba |
| Class 14 | bathomba | bangathomba, abathomba, abangathomba |
| Class 15 | kwathomba | kwangathomba, akwathomba, akwangathomba |
| Class 17 | kwathomba | kwangathomba, akwathomba, akwangathomba |

#### Derived terms

* intombi

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thomba”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thomba (6.6-3)”