# gqiba
## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡ̊ǃi̤ːɓa]

### Verb

-gqiba
* to complete
* to decide

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-gqiba$^?$
* (transitive) to fill (a hole), to cover over
* (transitive) to bury
* (transitive) to finish, to complete
* (transitive) to bribe

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukugqiba |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukugqiba | ukungagqibi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | gqiba | -gqibe |
| Plural | gqibani | -gqibeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyagqiba, ngigqiba | engigqibayo, engigqiba | ngigqiba | angigqibi | engingagqibi | ngingagqibi |
| 2nd singular | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | ugqiba | awugqibi | ongagqibi | ungagqibi |
| 1st plural | siyagqiba, sigqiba | esigqibayo, esigqiba | sigqiba | asigqibi | esingagqibi | singagqibi |
| 2nd plural | niyagqiba, nigqiba | enigqibayo, enigqiba | nigqiba | anigqibi | eningagqibi | ningagqibi |
| Class 1 | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | egqiba | akagqibi | ongagqibi | engagqibi |
| Class 2 | bayagqiba, bagqiba | abagqibayo, abagqiba | begqiba | abagqibi | abangagqibi | bengagqibi |
| Class 3 | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | ugqiba | awugqibi | ongagqibi | ungagqibi |
| Class 4 | iyagqiba, igqiba | egqibayo, egqiba | igqiba | ayigqibi | engagqibi | ingagqibi |
| Class 5 | liyagqiba, ligqiba | eligqibayo, eligqiba | ligqiba | aligqibi | elingagqibi | lingagqibi |
| Class 6 | ayagqiba, agqiba | agqibayo, agqiba | egqiba | awagqibi | angagqibi | engagqibi |
| Class 7 | siyagqiba, sigqiba | esigqibayo, esigqiba | sigqiba | asigqibi | esingagqibi | singagqibi |
| Class 8 | ziyagqiba, zigqiba | ezigqibayo, ezigqiba | zigqiba | azigqibi | ezingagqibi | zingagqibi |
| Class 9 | iyagqiba, igqiba | egqibayo, egqiba | igqiba | ayigqibi | engagqibi | ingagqibi |
| Class 10 | ziyagqiba, zigqiba | ezigqibayo, ezigqiba | zigqiba | azigqibi | ezingagqibi | zingagqibi |
| Class 11 | luyagqiba, lugqiba | olugqibayo, olugqiba | lugqiba | alugqibi | olungagqibi | lungagqibi |
| Class 14 | buyagqiba, bugqiba | obugqibayo, obugqiba | bugqiba | abugqibi | obungagqibi | bungagqibi |
| Class 15 | kuyagqiba, kugqiba | okugqibayo, okugqiba | kugqiba | akugqibi | okungagqibi | kungagqibi |
| Class 17 | kuyagqiba, kugqiba | okugqibayo, okugqiba | kugqiba | akugqibi | okungagqibi | kungagqibi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngigqibile, ngigqibē | engigqibile, engigqibē | ngigqibile, ngigqibē | angigqibanga | engingagqibanga | ngingagqibanga |
| 2nd singular | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | ugqibile, ugqibē | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga |
| 1st plural | sigqibile, sigqibē | esigqibile, esigqibē | sigqibile, sigqibē | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga |
| 2nd plural | nigqibile, nigqibē | enigqibile, enigqibē | nigqibile, nigqibē | anigqibanga | eningagqibanga | ningagqibanga |
| Class 1 | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | egqibile, egqibē | akagqibanga | ongagqibanga | engagqibanga |
| Class 2 | bagqibile, bagqibē | abagqibile, abagqibē | begqibile, begqibē | abagqibanga | abangagqibanga | bengagqibanga |
| Class 3 | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | ugqibile, ugqibē | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga |
| Class 4 | igqibile, igqibē | egqibile, egqibē | igqibile, igqibē | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga |
| Class 5 | ligqibile, ligqibē | eligqibile, eligqibē | ligqibile, ligqibē | aligqibanga | elingagqibanga | lingagqibanga |
| Class 6 | agqibile, agqibē | agqibile, agqibē | egqibile, egqibē | awagqibanga | angagqibanga | engagqibanga |
| Class 7 | sigqibile, sigqibē | esigqibile, esigqibē | sigqibile, sigqibē | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga |
| Class 8 | zigqibile, zigqibē | ezigqibile, ezigqibē | zigqibile, zigqibē | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga |
| Class 9 | igqibile, igqibē | egqibile, egqibē | igqibile, igqibē | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga |
| Class 10 | zigqibile, zigqibē | ezigqibile, ezigqibē | zigqibile, zigqibē | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga |
| Class 11 | lugqibile, lugqibē | olugqibile, olugqibē | lugqibile, lugqibē | alugqibanga | olungagqibanga | lungagqibanga |
| Class 14 | bugqibile, bugqibē | obugqibile, obugqibē | bugqibile, bugqibē | abugqibanga | obungagqibanga | bungagqibanga |
| Class 15 | kugqibile, kugqibē | okugqibile, okugqibē | kugqibile, kugqibē | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga |
| Class 17 | kugqibile, kugqibē | okugqibile, okugqibē | kugqibile, kugqibē | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāgqiba | engāgqiba | ngāgqiba | angigqibanga | engingagqibanga | ngingagqibanga |
| 2nd singular | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | wāgqiba | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga |
| 1st plural | sāgqiba | esāgqiba | sāgqiba | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga |
| 2nd plural | nāgqiba | enāgqiba | nāgqiba | anigqibanga | eningagqibanga | ningagqibanga |
| Class 1 | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | āgqiba | akagqibanga | ongagqibanga | engagqibanga |
| Class 2 | bāgqiba | abāgqiba | bāgqiba | abagqibanga | abangagqibanga | bengagqibanga |
| Class 3 | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | wāgqiba | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga |
| Class 4 | yāgqiba | eyāgqiba | yāgqiba | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga |
| Class 5 | lāgqiba | elāgqiba | lāgqiba | aligqibanga | elingagqibanga | lingagqibanga |
| Class 6 | āgqiba | āgqiba | āgqiba | awagqibanga | angagqibanga | engagqibanga |
| Class 7 | sāgqiba | esāgqiba | sāgqiba | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga |
| Class 8 | zāgqiba | ezāgqiba | zāgqiba | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga |
| Class 9 | yāgqiba | eyāgqiba | yāgqiba | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga |
| Class 10 | zāgqiba | ezāgqiba | zāgqiba | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga |
| Class 11 | lwāgqiba | olwāgqiba | lwāgqiba | alugqibanga | olungagqibanga | lungagqibanga |
| Class 14 | bāgqiba | obāgqiba | bāgqiba | abugqibanga | obungagqibanga | bungagqibanga |
| Class 15 | kwāgqiba | okwāgqiba | kwāgqiba | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga |
| Class 17 | kwāgqiba | okwāgqiba | kwāgqiba | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingagqiba | — | ngingagqiba | ngingegqibe | — | ngingegqibe |
| 2nd singular | ungagqiba | — | ungagqiba | ungegqibe | — | ungegqibe |
| 1st plural | singagqiba | — | singagqiba | singegqibe | — | singegqibe |
| 2nd plural | ningagqiba | — | ningagqiba | ningegqibe | — | ningegqibe |
| Class 1 | angagqiba | — | engagqiba | angegqibe | — | engegqibe |
| Class 2 | bangagqiba | — | bengagqiba | bangegqibe | — | bengegqibe |
| Class 3 | ungagqiba | — | ungagqiba | ungegqibe | — | ungegqibe |
| Class 4 | ingagqiba | — | ingagqiba | ingegqibe | — | ingegqibe |
| Class 5 | lingagqiba | — | lingagqiba | lingegqibe | — | lingegqibe |
| Class 6 | angagqiba | — | engagqiba | angegqibe | — | engegqibe |
| Class 7 | singagqiba | — | singagqiba | singegqibe | — | singegqibe |
| Class 8 | zingagqiba | — | zingagqiba | zingegqibe | — | zingegqibe |
| Class 9 | ingagqiba | — | ingagqiba | ingegqibe | — | ingegqibe |
| Class 10 | zingagqiba | — | zingagqiba | zingegqibe | — | zingegqibe |
| Class 11 | lungagqiba | — | lungagqiba | lungegqibe | — | lungegqibe |
| Class 14 | bungagqiba | — | bungagqiba | bungegqibe | — | bungegqibe |
| Class 15 | kungagqiba | — | kungagqiba | kungegqibe | — | kungegqibe |
| Class 17 | kungagqiba | — | kungagqiba | kungegqibe | — | kungegqibe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizogqiba | engizogqiba | ngizogqiba | angizugqiba | engingezugqiba | ngingezugqiba |
| 2nd singular | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | uzogqiba | awuzugqiba | ongezugqiba | ungezugqiba |
| 1st plural | sizogqiba | esizogqiba | sizogqiba | asizugqiba | esingezugqiba | singezugqiba |
| 2nd plural | nizogqiba | enizogqiba | nizogqiba | anizugqiba | eningezugqiba | ningezugqiba |
| Class 1 | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | ezogqiba | akazugqiba | ongezugqiba | engezugqiba |
| Class 2 | bazogqiba | abazogqiba | bezogqiba | abazugqiba | abangezugqiba | bengezugqiba |
| Class 3 | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | uzogqiba | awuzugqiba | ongezugqiba | ungezugqiba |
| Class 4 | izogqiba | ezogqiba | izogqiba | ayizugqiba | engezugqiba | ingezugqiba |
| Class 5 | lizogqiba | elizogqiba | lizogqiba | alizugqiba | elingezugqiba | lingezugqiba |
| Class 6 | azogqiba | azogqiba | ezogqiba | awazugqiba | angezugqiba | engezugqiba |
| Class 7 | sizogqiba | esizogqiba | sizogqiba | asizugqiba | esingezugqiba | singezugqiba |
| Class 8 | zizogqiba | ezizogqiba | zizogqiba | azizugqiba | ezingezugqiba | zingezugqiba |
| Class 9 | izogqiba | ezogqiba | izogqiba | ayizugqiba | engezugqiba | ingezugqiba |
| Class 10 | zizogqiba | ezizogqiba | zizogqiba | azizugqiba | ezingezugqiba | zingezugqiba |
| Class 11 | luzogqiba | oluzogqiba | luzogqiba | aluzugqiba | olungezugqiba | lungezugqiba |
| Class 14 | buzogqiba | obuzogqiba | buzogqiba | abuzugqiba | obungezugqiba | bungezugqiba |
| Class 15 | kuzogqiba | okuzogqiba | kuzogqiba | akuzugqiba | okungezugqiba | kungezugqiba |
| Class 17 | kuzogqiba | okuzogqiba | kuzogqiba | akuzugqiba | okungezugqiba | kungezugqiba |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyogqiba | engiyogqiba | ngiyogqiba | angiyugqiba | engingeyugqiba | ngingeyugqiba |
| 2nd singular | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | uyogqiba | awuyugqiba | ongeyugqiba | ungeyugqiba |
| 1st plural | siyogqiba | esiyogqiba | siyogqiba | asiyugqiba | esingeyugqiba | singeyugqiba |
| 2nd plural | niyogqiba | eniyogqiba | niyogqiba | aniyugqiba | eningeyugqiba | ningeyugqiba |
| Class 1 | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | eyogqiba | akayugqiba | ongeyugqiba | engeyugqiba |
| Class 2 | bayogqiba | abayogqiba | beyogqiba | abayugqiba | abangeyugqiba | bengeyugqiba |
| Class 3 | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | uyogqiba | awuyugqiba | ongeyugqiba | ungeyugqiba |
| Class 4 | iyogqiba | eyogqiba | iyogqiba | ayiyugqiba | engeyugqiba | ingeyugqiba |
| Class 5 | liyogqiba | eliyogqiba | liyogqiba | aliyugqiba | elingeyugqiba | lingeyugqiba |
| Class 6 | ayogqiba | ayogqiba | eyogqiba | awayugqiba | angeyugqiba | engeyugqiba |
| Class 7 | siyogqiba | esiyogqiba | siyogqiba | asiyugqiba | esingeyugqiba | singeyugqiba |
| Class 8 | ziyogqiba | eziyogqiba | ziyogqiba | aziyugqiba | ezingeyugqiba | zingeyugqiba |
| Class 9 | iyogqiba | eyogqiba | iyogqiba | ayiyugqiba | engeyugqiba | ingeyugqiba |
| Class 10 | ziyogqiba | eziyogqiba | ziyogqiba | aziyugqiba | ezingeyugqiba | zingeyugqiba |
| Class 11 | luyogqiba | oluyogqiba | luyogqiba | aluyugqiba | olungeyugqiba | lungeyugqiba |
| Class 14 | buyogqiba | obuyogqiba | buyogqiba | abuyugqiba | obungeyugqiba | bungeyugqiba |
| Class 15 | kuyogqiba | okuyogqiba | kuyogqiba | akuyugqiba | okungeyugqiba | kungeyugqiba |
| Class 17 | kuyogqiba | okuyogqiba | kuyogqiba | akuyugqiba | okungeyugqiba | kungeyugqiba |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngigqibe | ngingagqibi |
| 2nd singular | ugqibe | ungagqibi |
| 1st plural | sigqibe | singagqibi |
| 2nd plural | nigqibe | ningagqibi |
| Class 1 | agqibe | angagqibi |
| Class 2 | bagqibe | bangagqibi |
| Class 3 | ugqibe | ungagqibi |
| Class 4 | igqibe | ingagqibi |
| Class 5 | ligqibe | lingagqibi |
| Class 6 | agqibe | angagqibi |
| Class 7 | sigqibe | singagqibi |
| Class 8 | zigqibe | zingagqibi |
| Class 9 | igqibe | ingagqibi |
| Class 10 | zigqibe | zingagqibi |
| Class 11 | lugqibe | lungagqibi |
| Class 14 | bugqibe | bungagqibi |
| Class 15 | kugqibe | kungagqibi |
| Class 17 | kugqibe | kungagqibi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngagqiba | ngangagqiba, angagqiba, angangagqiba |
| 2nd singular | wagqiba | wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba |
| 1st plural | sagqiba | sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba |
| 2nd plural | nagqiba | nangagqiba, anagqiba, anangagqiba |
| Class 1 | wagqiba | wangagqiba, akagqiba, akangagqiba |
| Class 2 | bagqiba | bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba |
| Class 3 | wagqiba | wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba |
| Class 4 | yagqiba | yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba |
| Class 5 | lagqiba | langagqiba, alagqiba, alangagqiba |
| Class 6 | agqiba | angagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba |
| Class 7 | sagqiba | sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba |
| Class 8 | zagqiba | zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba |
| Class 9 | yagqiba | yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba |
| Class 10 | zagqiba | zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba |
| Class 11 | lwagqiba | lwangagqiba, alwagqiba, alwangagqiba |
| Class 14 | bagqiba | bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba |
| Class 15 | kwagqiba | kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba |
| Class 17 | kwagqiba | kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gqiɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gqiɓa (6-3.9)”