# plúch
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pˠl̪ˠuːx/, /pˠlˠuːx/

### Verb

plúch (present analytic plúchann, future analytic plúchfaidh, verbal noun plúchadh, past participle plúchta) (transitive)
* to suffocate (transitive), smother, asphyxiate, stifle
* to choke (transitive)
    Synonym: tacht
* to press, squeeze
* to congest
* to muffle (mute or deaden)
* to inundate (overwhelm)
** (business) to glut (a market)
** (telecommunications) to jam (block or confuse a broadcast signal)

#### Usage notes

The Irish verb is transitive; the intransitive English senses of “suffocate, choke” etc. must be translated using a passive or impersonal construction, such as Tá sé á phlúchadh (“He is choking”), Plúchadh iad (“They (were) suffocated”), or by making the thing on which the person choked the subject of the sentence, as Phlúch an deatach í (“She asphyxiated on the smoke”, literally “The smoke asphyxiated her”).

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | plúchaim | plúchann tú; plúchair$^†$ | plúchann sé, sí | plúchaimid | plúchann sibh | plúchann siad; plúchaid$^†$ | a phlúchann; a phlúchas / a bplúchann* | plúchtar |
| indicative | past | phlúch mé; phlúchas | phlúch tú; phlúchais | phlúch sé, sí | phlúchamar; phlúch muid | phlúch sibh; phlúchabhair | phlúch siad; phlúchadar | a phlúch / ar phlúch* | plúchadh |
| indicative | past habitual | phlúchainn / bplúchainn‡‡ | phlúchtá / bplúchtá‡‡ | phlúchadh sé, sí / bplúchadh sé, sí‡‡ | phlúchaimis; phlúchadh muid / bplúchaimis‡‡; bplúchadh muid‡‡ | phlúchadh sibh / bplúchadh sibh‡‡ | phlúchaidís; phlúchadh siad / bplúchaidís‡‡; bplúchadh siad‡‡ | a phlúchadh / a bplúchadh* | phlúchtaí / bplúchtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | plúchfaidh mé; plúchfad | plúchfaidh tú; plúchfair$^†$ | plúchfaidh sé, sí | plúchfaimid; plúchfaidh muid | plúchfaidh sibh | plúchfaidh siad; plúchfaid$^†$ | a phlúchfaidh; a phlúchfas / a bplúchfaidh* | plúchfar |
| conditional | conditional | phlúchfainn / bplúchfainn‡‡ | phlúchfá / bplúchfá‡‡ | phlúchfadh sé, sí / bplúchfadh sé, sí‡‡ | phlúchfaimis; phlúchfadh muid / bplúchfaimis‡‡; bplúchfadh muid‡‡ | phlúchfadh sibh / bplúchfadh sibh‡‡ | phlúchfaidís; phlúchfadh siad / bplúchfaidís‡‡; bplúchfadh siad‡‡ | a phlúchfadh / a bplúchfadh* | phlúchfaí / bplúchfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go bplúcha mé; go bplúchad$^†$ | go bplúcha tú; go bplúchair$^†$ | go bplúcha sé, sí | go bplúchaimid; go bplúcha muid | go bplúcha sibh | go bplúcha siad; go bplúchaid$^†$ | — | go bplúchtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá bplúchainn | dá bplúchtá | dá bplúchadh sé, sí | dá bplúchaimis; dá bplúchadh muid | dá bplúchadh sibh | dá bplúchaidís; dá bplúchadh siad | — | dá bplúchtaí |
| imperative | imperative | plúchaim | plúch | plúchadh sé, sí | plúchaimis | plúchaigí; plúchaidh$^†$ | plúchaidís | — | plúchtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh | plúchadh |
| past participle | past participle | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta | plúchta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Further reading

* “plúch”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “plúchad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “plúċaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 547
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “plúch”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN