# قرش
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ق ر ش (q r š)
* 1 term

#### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /qa.ra.ʃa/

#### Verb

قَرَشَ • (qaraša) I (non-past يَقْرِشُ (yaqrišu) or يَقْرُشُ (yaqrušu), verbal noun قَرْش (qarš))
* to gnash, to grind (one's teeth)
* to nibble
* to chew, to crunch

##### Conjugation
#### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /qarʃ/

#### Noun

قَرْش • (qarš) m
* verbal noun of قَرَشَ (qaraša) (form I)

### Etymology 2

From قَرَشَ (qaraša, “to gnash, to grind (one's teeth)”). Doubtfully from Ancient Greek καρχαρίας (karkharías, “shark”), from κάρχαρος (kárkharos, “sharp, jagged”), also present in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic כרשא (“probably shark”), Latin carcharias, carcharus.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qirʃ/

#### Noun

قِرْش • (qirš) m (plural قُرُوش (qurūš))
* shark

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Back-formation from the plural, itself borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قروش (modern Turkish kuruş), from German Groschen.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qirʃ/

#### Noun

قِرْش • (qirš) m (plural قُرُوش (qurūš))
* qirsh; a currency denomination used in the Ottoman Empire
* piaster, qursh, kurus; currency denominations used today in some former Ottoman countries
* groschen, groat, grosso; any of a number of defunct European currency units
* grosz; a currency denomination used in Poland (one hundredth of a złoty)

##### Descendants

* English: qursh, girsh (dated), gursh (dated), qirsh, qurush
* → Amharic: ቀርሽ (ḳarš), ቍርሽ (ḳʷurš)
* → Harari: ቀርሺ (ḳärši)
* → Sebat Bet Gurage: ቀርሺ (ḳärši)
* → Tigrinya: ቀርሺ (ḳärši), ቅርሺ (ḳərši), ቍርሽ (ḳʷurš), ግርሺ (gərši)
* → Tigre: ግርሽ (gərš), ቅርሽ (ḳərš), ገርሽ (garš), ቀርሽ (ḳarš)

### References

* “krš$^2$”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Nöldeke, Theodor (1886) Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎, volume 40, page 187
* Nöldeke, Theodor (1904) Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 87–88
* Streck, Maximilian (1907) “Bemerkungen zu einigen arabischen Fischnamen”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 61, page 637
* Vollers, Karl (1896) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 50, page 614
* Vollers, Karl (1897) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 51, page 301

## Egyptian Arabic
### Noun

قرش • (ʾerš) m pl قروش (ʔorūš)
* shark
* piaster (one hundredth of an Egyptian pound)

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ق ر ش
* 1 term

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡirʃ/, [ɡɪɾʃ]

### Etymology 1

From Arabic قِرْش (qirš).

#### Noun

قِرْش • (girš) m (plural قُروش (gurūš))
* shark

### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish قروش (kuruş), from German Groschen, from Latin grossus.

#### Noun

قِرْش • (girš) m (plural قُروش (gurūš))
* coin

##### See also

* عُمْلة (ʕumla, “currency”)

## Mozarabic
### Verb

قرش (qariš)
* Alternative spelling of كارش (kāriš): you want
** c. 1100, al-Aʕmā al-Tuṭīlī, Kharja A5 :بر ڧي نو ڧرش ياللَّه متَّارbərqəy nū qariš bi-llāhi məttāriWhy, by God, don't you want to kill [me]?

### References

* ↑ Jones, Alan (1988) Romance Kharjas in Andalusian Arabic Muwaššaḥ Poetry (Oxford Oriental Institute Monographs; 9), Ithaca Press London, →ISBN, pages 57–59

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic قِرْش (qirš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qirʃ/, [qirʃ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

قرش • (qirš) m (plural قروش (qrūš))
* piastre, penny, cent (subdivision of a currency, usually one hundredth)