# 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖
## Umbrian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *fakiō. Cognate with Latin faciō (“to do”). The perfect stem *fēk- is also applied to
* 𐌚𐌄𐌉𐌀 (feia) < *fēkiad, in alteration with 𐌚𐌀𐌜𐌉𐌀 (façia) < *fakiad, which is parallel to Latin faciā;
* the third person future imperative with an /-eː-/ reflecting *fēketōd, unlike Latin facitō and Oscan factud, which reflect *faketōd;
* same thing applies to the past participle 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌀 (feta), reflecting *fēktad unlike Latin factā.

### Verb

𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖 • (fetu) (early Iguvine) (third-person singular imperative future)
* (transitive) to sacrifice
** early 2nd century BCE, Iguvine Tablets, table I, side A (photo; facsimile), lines 2–3, 9, 11–12, 13, 13, 14–15, 16, 17, 20–21, 22, 24, 25, 25, 26, 27–28, 28:
    $^2$ [...] 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌍𐌄𐌔⁚​ $^3$ 𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌄⁚​𐌊𐌓𐌀𐌐𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]preveres treplanes / iuve krapuvi tre buf fetu In front of the Trebulan gate sacrifice three oxen to Jupiter Grabovius.
    $^9$ [...] 𐌐𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​puni fetu Sacrifice with mead.
    $^{11}$ 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌄𐌍𐌀𐌊𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​𐌌𐌀𐌓𐌕𐌄⁚​𐌊𐌓𐌀𐌐𐌖/𐌅𐌉 $^{12}$ 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]preveres tesenakes tre buf fetu marte krapu/vi / fetu In front of the Tesenacan gate sacrifice three oxen, sacrifice to Mars Grabovius.
    $^{13}$ 𐌅𐌀𐌕𐌖𐌅𐌀𐌚𐌄𐌓𐌉𐌍𐌄⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]vatuva ferine fetu Sacrifice the ribs on a tray.
    $^{13}$ [...] 𐌐𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]puni fetu Sacrifice with mead.
    $^{14}$ 𐌐𐌖𐌔𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌄𐌔𐌄𐌍𐌀𐌊𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌚⁚​𐌔𐌉𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ $^{15}$ 𐌚𐌉𐌔𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌜𐌉⁚​ [...]pusveres tesenakes tref sif feliuf fetu / fise saçi Behind the Tesenacan gate sacrifice three suckling pigs to Fisus Sancius.
    $^{16}$ 𐌐𐌖𐌍𐌉⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]puni fetu Sacrifice with mead.
    $^{17}$ [...] 𐌚𐌉𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄𐌓⁚​𐌚𐌉𐌔𐌉𐌖⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​fiiuvi fetu ukriper fisiu fetu Sacrifice to Fisovius, sacrifice for the Fisian Mount.
    $^{20}$ 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌅𐌄𐌇𐌉𐌉𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌚⁚​𐌁𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌊𐌀𐌋𐌄𐌛𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​𐌅𐌖𐌚𐌉𐌖𐌍𐌄 $^{21}$ 𐌊𐌓𐌀𐌐𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​ [...]preveres vehiies tref buf kaleřuf fetu vufiune / krapuvi In front of the Vehian gate sacrifice three oxen with white foreheads to Vofionus Grabovius.
    $^{22}$ 𐌅𐌀𐌕𐌖𐌅𐌀⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌓𐌉𐌍𐌄⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]vatuva ferine fetu Sacrifice the ribs on a tray.
    $^{24}$ 𐌐𐌖𐌔𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌅𐌄𐌇𐌉𐌉𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌚⁚​𐌇𐌀𐌐𐌉𐌍𐌀𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​𐌕𐌄𐌚𐌓𐌄⁚​𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌉𐌄⁚​pusveres vehiies tref hapinaf fetu tefre iuvie Behind the Vehian gate sacrifice three ewe lambs to Tefer Jovius.
    $^{25}$ 𐌐𐌖𐌔𐌕𐌄⁚​𐌀𐌔𐌉𐌀𐌍𐌄⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]puste asiane fetu (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    $^{25}$ [...] 𐌆𐌄𐌛𐌄𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​zeřef fetu Sacrifice seated.
    $^{26}$ 𐌐𐌄𐌋𐌔𐌀𐌍𐌀⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]pelsana fetu (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    $^{27}$ [...] 𐌀𐌐𐌉⁚​𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌉𐌍𐌀⁚​𐌐𐌖𐌓𐌕𐌉𐌉𐌖𐌔⁚​𐌔𐌖𐌛𐌖𐌌⁚​𐌐𐌄𐌔𐌖𐌍𐌕𐌓𐌖 $^{28}$ 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]api habina purtiius suřum pesuntru / fetu After having offered the ewe lambs, sacrifice pig-[???].
    $^{28}$ [...] 𐌕𐌄𐌚𐌓𐌉⁚​𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]tefri iuvi fetu Sacrifice to Tefer Jovius.

#### Attested forms

* (third-person singular future perfect) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌀𐌊𐌖𐌔𐌕 (fakust)
* (third-person plural future perfect) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌀𐌊𐌖𐌓𐌄𐌍𐌕 (fakurent); l.Ig. facurent
* (third-person singular subjunctive) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌀𐌜𐌉𐌀 (façia), 𐌚𐌄𐌉𐌀 (feia); Vel. façia
* (third-person singular imperative) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖 (fetu), 𐌚𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌖 (feitu); l.Ig. fetu, feitu, feetu
* (infinitive) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌀𐌜𐌉𐌖 (façiu), 𐌚𐌀𐌜𐌖 (façu)
* (past participle feminine singular ablative) e.Ig. 𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌀 (feta)

### References

* Buck, Carl Darling (1904) A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary, page 168
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “faciō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 198
* Ancillotti, Augusto, Cerri, Romolo (2015) “facurent”, in Vocabolario dell'umbro delle tavole di Gubbio [Vocabulary of Umbrian and of the Iguvine Tables] (in Italian), page 19