# 叮

| 叮 | U+53EE, &#21486; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53EE |
| ← 叭 [U+53ED] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 可 → [U+53EF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

叮 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口一弓 (RMN), four-corner 6102$_0$, composition ⿱口丁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 172, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3244
* Dae Jaweon: page 383, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 568, character 1
* Unihan data for U+53EE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ) : phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 口.

### Etymology
#### “to microwave”

    Onomatopoeia. Compare Japanese チンする (chin suru).

#### “to disqualify”

    Onomatopoeia. From the act of ringing the bell when disqualifying participants in variety shows. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dīng (ding$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ding$^1$ / deng$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): teng / tin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dêng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ding
*** Wade–Giles: ting$^1$
*** Yale: dīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ding
*** Palladius: дин (din)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ding$^1$ / deng$^1$
*** Yale: dīng / dēng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ding$^1$ / deng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ding$^1$ / déng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɪŋ⁵⁵/, /tɛːŋ⁵⁵/
* ding1 - literary;
* deng1 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: teng
Rime :
| Character | 叮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 當經切 |
| Baxter | teng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /teŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /teŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /teŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /tieŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ding$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*teːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 叮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2384 |
| Phonetic component | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 丁 |
| Old Chinese | /*teːŋ/ |

### Definitions

叮
* (of insects) to sting; to bite
    蚊叮蟲咬／蚊叮虫咬 [Cantonese] ― man$^{4-1}$ deng$^1$ cung$^4$ ngaau$^5$ [Jyutping] ― mosquitoes sting and bugs bite
* to advise; to urge; to repeat what one says to make sure
* to question closely
* (informal) to microwave (heat in a microwave oven)
    叮飯／叮饭 ― dīngfàn ― microwave rice
* (Cantonese, informal) to disqualify; to eliminate
    畀人叮出局 [Cantonese] ― bei$^2$ jan$^4$ ding$^1$ ceot$^1$ guk$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to be eliminated (from a competition,etc.)
* (Cantonese) unaccented beats (in Cantonese opera)
    叮板 [Cantonese] ― ding$^1$ baan$^2$ [Jyutping] ― rhythm in Cantonese opera
* Used in onomatopoeia.

### Compounds

* 千叮萬囑／千叮万嘱
* 叮叮咚咚
* 叮叮噹噹／叮叮当当
* 叮咚叮咚
* 叮問／叮问 (dīngwèn)
* 叮噹／叮当 (dīngdāng)
* 叮噹作響／叮当作响
* 叮嚀／叮咛 (dīngníng)
* 叮囑／叮嘱 (dīngzhǔ)
* 咭叮噹／咭叮当
* 小叮噹／小叮当 (Xiǎodīngdāng)
* 螞蚍叮腿／蚂蚍叮腿
* 軟不叮噹／软不叮当
* 響叮噹／响叮当
* 麻蚍叮腿

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): てい (tei)
* Kun: ねんごろ (nengoro, 叮ろ)、たのむ (tanomu)、さす (sasu)

## Korean
### Hanja

叮 (eum 정 (jeong))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

叮: Hán Nôm readings: đinh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
* Đinh ninh 叮嚀 exhort or enjoin repeatedly

#### Readings

* Nôm: điếng, đinh

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999