# 洋人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yángrén
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): yángrén
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): yánrén
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng$^4$ jan$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'iong$^4$ nyin$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yòng-ngìn
* Jin (Wiktionary): ion$^1$ reng$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ-lîn
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yan-gnin
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): ian$^2$ ren$^2$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): iong$^2$ min$^{2*}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yángrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yángrén
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^2$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: yáng-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangren
*** Palladius: янжэнь (janžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: yángrén
*** Sinological IPA : /iaŋ²⁴ ʐẽ²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: yánrén
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): yan$^2$ ren$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /iã²⁴ ʐə̃²⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joeng$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: yèuhng yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joeng$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêng$^4$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'iong$^4$ nyin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈiɔŋ³⁵ n̠ʲin³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yòng-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: iong$^ˇ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yong$^2$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yòng-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong$^ˇ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yong$^2$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ion$^1$ reng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃¹¹ ʐə̃ŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ-lîn
*** Tâi-lô: iûnn-lîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: viuliin
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iũ²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yan-gnin
*** MiniDict: yan$^去$ nyin
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhian-nyin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiã²² n̠ʲin⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ian$^2$ ren$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /i̯æn¹³ ʐən¹³/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: iong$^2$ min$^{2*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /i̯ɔŋ¹³ min¹³⁻³³/

### Noun

洋人
* foreigner (especially a westerner or Caucasian)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 夷, 夷人, 外夷, 四夷, 胡人 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 外國人, 外賓, 外人, 洋人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老外, 色糖 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 外國人, 老外 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 外國人, 老外 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 外國人 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 老外 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 外國人, 老外, 洋人 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 外國人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 老外, 洋人, 洋鬼子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 洋人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 老外, 洋人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 外國人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 老外 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 外國人, 夷人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 洋人, 老外, 洋鬼子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 外國人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 老外, 外國人, 洋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 外國人, 洋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 外國人, 洋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 老外, 洋老咪 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 外國人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 老外 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 外國人, 老外, 洋人, 洋鬼子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 外國人, 老外 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 外國人, 老番 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 外國人 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老外 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 番鬼佬, 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 鬼佬, 外國佬, 番鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 老番鬼 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 外國人 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 外國人, 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 紅毛鬼, 外國人 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 外國人 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 外國人, 洋人 |
| Gan | Pengze | 外國佬 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 外國人, 洋人 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 洋人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 外國人, 番人, 番仔, 番鬼 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 外國人, 外國佬, 洋人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 外國人 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 外國人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 外國人 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 外國人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 外國人 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 外國人 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 外國佬 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 外國人, 洋人, 洋鬼子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 外國人 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 外國人, 番仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 番儂, 番囝, 番囝哥, 鬼佬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 外國儂, 番仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 番仔 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 外國仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 番仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 外國儂 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 外國儂 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 外國儂, 番鬼, 番囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 番囝, 番儂, 番囝鬼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 外地儂, 外國儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 番邦儂 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 外國人 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 番鬼佬 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 外國人 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 老外, 外國人, 外頭人, 洋人 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 外國人 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 外國人 |
| Wu | Danyang | 老外, 洋人 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 外國佬兒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 番人 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 外國人, 外國佬, 洋鬼子兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 外國人, 外國佬, 洋人子, 洋人 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 洋人, 外國佬 |
| Note | Terms that include 鬼 and/or 番 are potentially derogatory. | Terms that include 鬼 and/or 番 are potentially derogatory. |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 西方人, 西洋人, 洋人, 白人, 白種人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老外, 毛子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 洋人, 西洋人, 白人, 老外 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 紅毛人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 洋人, 外國佬 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 洋人, 洋鬼子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 洋人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 洋人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 洋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 洋人, 高鼻子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 番鬼佬 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 洋鬼子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 西人, 老西, 老番, 鬼佬, 番鬼佬, 鬼子佬, 紅毛頭, 紅毛 dated, 紅毛鬼 dated |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 西人, 白人, 鬼佬, 番鬼佬, 老番 dated, 紅毛鬼 dated, 白鬼 dated |
| Cantonese | Macau | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老番, 番鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 老番, 番鬼, 番鬼佬, 紅毛 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 鬼佬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 洋人 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 洋人 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 洋人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 番人, 番鬼仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 洋人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 洋人, 西洋人, 鉤鼻公, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 西洋人, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 紅毛人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 番仔, 阿啄仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的, 番仔鬼 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 番仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 番仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 紅毛仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 啄鼻仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 西洋儂, 阿啄仔, 啄鼻仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 紅毛, 紅毛猴 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 紅毛, 紅毛儂, 紅毛猴 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 化人, 白種人, 西洋儂, 西方人 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 番儂, 紅毛囝, 番囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 紅毛, 紅毛囝, 紅毛鬼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 紅毛, 紅毛儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 鉤鼻鬼 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 番鬼, 紅毛, 高鼻綠目, 高鼻塌目 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 洋人 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 番人, 高鼻頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 紅毛洋人, 洋人子, 洋人 |

#### Derived terms

* 一等洋人二等官，三等少民四等漢／一等洋人二等官，三等少民四等汉 (yīděng yángrén èrděng guān, sānděng shǎomín sìděng Hàn)