OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 面商
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): miànshāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˋ ㄕㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): min$^6$ soeng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: miànshāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˋ ㄕㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: miànshang
*** Wade–Giles: mien$^4$-shang$^1$
*** Yale: myàn-shāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miannshang
*** Palladius: мяньшан (mjanʹšan)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: min$^6$ soeng$^1$
*** Yale: mihn sēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: min$^6$ soeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: min$^6$ sêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /miːn²² sœːŋ⁵⁵/

### Verb

面商
* to discuss face-to-face
# 雜貨
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): záhuò
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄚˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap$^6$ fo$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-hèr / cha̍p-hè / cha̍p-hòe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zab$^8$ huê$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: záhuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄚˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: záhuò
*** Wade–Giles: tsa$^2$-huo$^4$
*** Yale: dzá-hwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzarhuoh
*** Palladius: цзахо (czaxo)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sä³⁵ xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaap$^6$ fo$^3$
*** Yale: jaahp fo
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap$^9$ fo$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zab$^6$ fo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːp̚² fɔː³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-hèr
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-hèr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² hə⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-hè
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-hè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zabhex
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² he¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² he²¹/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Penang, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-hòe
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-huè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zabhoex
*** IPA (Singapore): /t͡sap̚⁴³⁻²¹ hue²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² hue²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hue²¹/
*** IPA (Penang): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³ hue²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zab$^8$ huê$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p huè
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² hue²¹³/

### Noun

雜貨
* groceries; sundry goods

#### Synonyms

* (Hokkien) 雜細／杂细

#### Derived terms

* 雜貨商／杂货商 (záhuòshāng)
* 雜貨店／杂货店 (záhuòdiàn)
* 雜貨鋪／杂货铺 (záhuòpù)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 雜 | 貨 |
| ざつ > ざっ Jinmeiyō | か Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

雜(ざっ)貨(か) • (zakka)
* Kyūjitai form of 雑貨 (“sundry goods”)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 雜 | 貨 |

### Noun

雜貨 • (japhwa) (hangeul 잡화)
* hanja form of 잡화 (“sundry goods”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 雜 | 貨 |

### Noun

雜貨
* chữ Hán form of tạp hóa (“sundry goods”).
# Λίχας
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lí.kʰaːs/ → /ˈli.xas/ → /ˈli.xas/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /lí.kʰaːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈli.kʰas/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈli.xas/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈli.xas/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈli.xas/

### Proper noun

Λῐ́χᾱς • (Líkhās) m (genitive Λῐ́χου or Λῐ́χᾱ); first declension
* Lichas

#### Descendants

* Greek: Λίχας (Líchas)
* Latin: Lichās

### References

* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,015
# ȟčA
## Lakota
### Adverb

ȟčA
* very much
# ȣ

| ȣ | U+0223, &#547; LATIN SMALL LETTER OU |
| ← Ȣ [U+0222] | Latin Extended-B | Ȥ → [U+0224] |
* The letter Ȣ has open and closed variants.

## Abenaki
### Etymology

A ligature, initially of the Greek letters omicron and upsilon, but subsequently used as a ligature of Latin o and u.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ̃/

### Letter

ȣ (upper Ȣ)
* (Masta orthography) A letter of the Abenaki alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Because this letter does not appear on most keyboards, the numeral 8 is often used instead, for example in the online Western Abenaki Dictionary and the website of the Cowasuck band of the Pennacook-Abenaki people.
* In the other commonly used orthography, this vowel is written as ô.

## Algonquin
### Alternative forms

* 8

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /w/

### Letter

ȣ (upper Ȣ)
* (Malhiot orthography) A letter of the Algonquin alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### Further reading

* Ou (ligature) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Λονδίνο
## Greek
### Etymology

From Latin Londinium. First attested 1728.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lonˈðino/
* Hyphenation: Λον‧δί‧νο

### Proper noun

Λονδίνο • (Londíno) n
* London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)

#### Declension

| case  \  number | singular |
| nominative | Λονδίνο • |
| genitive | Λονδίνου • |
| accusative | Λονδίνο • |
| vocative | Λονδίνο • |

#### Synonyms

* Λόνδρα f (Lóndra) (obsolete)

#### Related terms

* Λονδρέζος m (Londrézos, “male Londoner”)
* Λονδρέζα f (Londréza, “female Londoner”)
* λονδρέζικος (londrézikos, “London”, adjective)

#### Further reading

* Λονδίνο on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# Κορυδαλλός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Identic with Ancient Greek κορυδαλλός (korudallós), a variant of κόρυδος (kórudos, “crested lark”), further connected to κόρυς (kórus), κόρυμβος (kórumbos) and κορυφή (koruphḗ) as well as the verbal forms κορυγγεῖν (korungeîn), κορύπτω (korúptō, “push with the head or horns”) and κορύσσομαι (korússomai, “to rear up”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“horn, head, top”). Compare Proto-Germanic *herutaz (“deer, stag”), Latin cervus (“deer, stag”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ko.ry.dal.lós/ → /ko.ry.ðalˈlos/ → /ko.ri.ðaˈlos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ko.ry.dal.lós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ko.ry.dalˈlos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ko.ry.ðalˈlos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ko.ry.ðalˈlos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ko.ri.ðaˈlos/

### Proper noun

Κορῠδᾰλλός • (Korudallós) m (genitive Κορῠδᾰλλοῦ); second declension
* Corydallus, Attica, Greece

#### Derived terms

* Κορυδαλλεύς (Korudalleús)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: Corydallus

### References

* Κορυδαλλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# Φῶκος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Probably from φώκη (phṓkē, “seal”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰɔ̂ː.kos/ → /ˈɸo.kos/ → /ˈfo.kos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pʰɔ̂ː.kos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpʰo.kos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈɸo.kos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈfo.kos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈfo.kos/

### Proper noun

Φῶκος • (Phôkos) m (genitive Φώκου); second declension
* Phocus

#### Related terms

* Φώκαιᾰ (Phṓkaia)
* Φωκεύς (Phōkeús)
* Φωκῐκός (Phōkikós)
* Φώκιος (Phṓkios)
* Φωκῐ́ς (Phōkís)
* Φωκίων (Phōkíōn)

#### Descendants

* Greek: Φώκος (Fókos)
* Latin: Phōcus

### Further reading

* “Φῶκος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,022
# Φῆστος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Latin Fēstus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰɛ̂ːs.tos/ → /ˈɸis.tos/ → /ˈfis.tos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pʰɛ̂ːs.tos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpʰe̝s.tos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈɸis.tos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈfis.tos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈfis.tos/

### Proper noun

Φῆστος • (Phêstos) m (genitive Φήστου); second declension
* Festus, a Roman cognomen

#### Inflection
### References

* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* G5347 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# 駄目で元々
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 駄 | 目 | 元 | 元 |
| だ Grade: S | め Grade: 1 | もと Grade: 2 | もと Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | kun'yomi | kun'yomi | kun'yomi |

### Alternative forms

* (informal, shortening) 駄(だ)目(め)元(もと) (dame moto)

### Etymology

Literally, "It is bad in the first place".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [da̠me̞ de̞ mo̞to̞mo̞to̞]

### Phrase

駄(だ)目(め)で元(もと)々(もと) • (dame de motomoto)
* There is nothing to lose; You can try something because even if you fail it will not make your situation any worse.
# 駄文
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 駄 | 文 |
| だ Grade: S | ぶん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) だぶん [dàbúń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [da̠bɯ̟̃ɴ]

### Noun

駄(だ)文(ぶん) • (dabun)
* (humble) shoddy writing

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 韄

| 韄 | U+97C4, &#38852; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97C4 |
| ← 韃 [U+97C3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 韅 → [U+97C5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

韄 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+14, 23 strokes, cangjie input 廿十廿人水 (TJTOE), four-corner 4454$_7$, composition ⿰革蒦)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1392, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43068
* Dae Jaweon: page 1907, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4351, character 4
* Unihan data for U+97C4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 檴 | *ɢʷraːɡs, *ɢʷaːɡ |
| 鱯 | *ɢʷraːɡs, *ɢʷraːɡ |
| 護 | *ɢʷraːɡs |
| 頀 | *ɢʷraːɡs |
| 濩 | *ɢʷraːɡs, *ɢʷaːɡ, *qʷraːɡ |
| 韄 | *ɢʷraːɡs |
| 鳠 | *ɢʷraːɡs |
| 擭 | *ɢʷaːɡs, *ɢʷaːɡ, *qʷraːɡ |
| 瓁 | *ŋɢʷaːɡ |
| 劐 | *qʰʷaːɡ |
| 穫 | *ɢʷaːɡ |
| 鑊 | *ɢʷaːɡ |
| 矆 | *qʰʷaɡ |
| 鸌 | *qʷaːɡ |
| 雘 | *qʷaːɡ |
| 蠖 | *qʷaːɡ |
| 臒 | *qʷaːɡ, *qʷaɡ |
| 嬳 | *qʷaːɡ, *qʷaɡ |
| 彠 | *qʷaɡ, *qʷraːɡ, *ɢʷraːɡ |
| 嚄 | *ɢʷraːɡ |
| 獲 | *ɢʷraːɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hù (hu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waak$^6$ / wu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hù
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^4$
*** Yale: hù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
*** Palladius: ху (xu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waak$^6$ / wu$^6$
*** Yale: waahk / wuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waak$^9$ / wu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wag$^6$ / wu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːk̚²/, /wuː²²/
* Middle Chinese: huH
Rime :
| Character | 韄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡誤切 |
| Baxter | huH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuo$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣo$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɔ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣo$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷraːɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 韄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5579 |
| Phonetic component | 蒦 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 護 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷraːɡs/ |

### Definitions

韄
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

(Can we verify this pronunciation?)
* Go-on: ご (go)
* Kan-on: こ (ko)
# 韃靼斯坦
## Chinese

| | | Tatars | -stan |
| trad. (韃靼斯坦) | trad. (韃靼斯坦) | 韃靼 | 斯坦 |
| simp. (鞑靼斯坦) | simp. (鞑靼斯坦) | 鞑靼 | 斯坦 |
* 韃靼斯坦

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Dádásītǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Dádásītǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Dádásihtǎn
*** Wade–Giles: Ta$^2$-ta$^2$-ssŭ$^1$-tʻan$^3$
*** Yale: Dá-dá-sz̄-tǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dardarsytaan
*** Palladius: Дадасытань (Dadasytanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä³⁵ tä³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Proper noun

韃靼斯坦
* (～共和國) Tatarstan (a republic of eastern Russia; capital: Kazan)
# 韃靼人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dádárén
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taat$^3$ daat$^3$ jan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dádárén
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dádárén
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^2$-ta$^2$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: dá-dá-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dardarren
*** Palladius: дадажэнь (dadažɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä³⁵ tä³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taat$^3$ daat$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: taat daat yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taat$^8$ daat$^8$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tad$^3$ dad$^3$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːt̚³ taːt̚³ jɐn²¹/

### Noun

韃靼人
* Tatar person

#### See also

* 塔塔爾族／塔塔尔族 (Tǎtǎ'ěrzú)
# 韃靼
## Chinese

* 韃靼

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dádá
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taat$^3$ daat$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dádá
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dádá
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^2$-ta$^2$
*** Yale: dá-dá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dardar
*** Palladius: дада (dada)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä³⁵ tä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taat$^3$ daat$^3$
*** Yale: taat daat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taat$^8$ daat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tad$^3$ dad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːt̚³ taːt̚³/

### Noun

韃靼
* (～人, ～族) Tatars

#### Derived terms

* 韃靼斯坦／鞑靼斯坦 (Dádásītǎn)
* 韃靼蕎麥／鞑靼荞麦
* 韃靼語／鞑靼语

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 韃 | 靼 |
| だつ > だっ Hyōgai | たん Hyōgai |

### Noun

韃(だっ)靼(たん) • (dattan)
* the Tatars

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 韃 | 靼 |

### Noun

韃靼
* chữ Hán form of Thát Đát (“the Tatars”).
# άλμα επί κοντώ
## Greek
### Noun

άλμα επί κοντώ • (álma epí kontó) n
* (athletics) pole vault

#### Declension

    see: άλμα (álma)

### Further reading

* άλμα επί κοντώ on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# Σαοῖ
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.ôi̯/ → /saˈy/ → /saˈi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /sa.ôi̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /saˈy/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /saˈy/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /saˈy/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /saˈi/

### Proper noun

Σᾰοῖ • (Saoî)
* dative vocative singular of Σαώ (Saṓ)
# 韈子
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 韈子 – see 襪子 (“sock”). (This term is a variant form of 襪子).
# 韉

| 韉 | U+97C9, &#38857; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97C9 |
| ← 韈 [U+97C8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 韊 → [U+97CA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

韉 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+17, 26 strokes, cangjie input 廿十廿戈火 (TJTIF), four-corner 4452$_7$, composition ⿰革薦)
* saddle blanket

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1392, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43089
* Dae Jaweon: page 1907, character 31
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4353, character 4
* Unihan data for U+97C9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 瀳 | *ʔsɯːn, *zɯːns |
| 韉 | *ʔsɯːn |
| 薦 | *ʔseːns |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiān (jian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jian
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^1$
*** Yale: jyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^1$
*** Yale: jīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsen
Rime :
| Character | 韉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 則前切 |
| Baxter | tsen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sen/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 韉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6251 |
| Phonetic component | 薦 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 箋 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsɯːn/ |

### Definitions

韉
* (literary) saddle blanket; saddlecloth

#### Compounds

* 鞍韉／鞍鞯 (ānjiān)
* 馬韉／马鞯 (mǎjiān)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せん (sen)
* Kun: したぐら (shitagura)

## Korean
### Hanja

韉 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 韋伯斯特
## Chinese

| | | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic |
| trad. (韋伯斯特) | trad. (韋伯斯特) | 韋 | 伯 | 斯 | 特 |
| simp. (韦伯斯特) | simp. (韦伯斯特) | 韦 | 伯 | 斯 | 特 |
| alternative forms | alternative forms | 韋勃斯德／韦勃斯德 | 韋勃斯德／韦勃斯德 | 韋勃斯德／韦勃斯德 | 韋勃斯德／韦勃斯德 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Wéibósītè
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Wéibósītè
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Wéibósihtè
*** Wade–Giles: Wei$^2$-po$^2$-ssŭ$^1$-tʻê$^4$
*** Yale: Wéi-bwó-sz̄-tè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Weiborsyteh
*** Palladius: Вэйбосытэ (Vɛjbosytɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

### Proper noun

韋伯斯特
* Webster
# Οθωμανή
## Greek
### Noun

Οθωμανή • (Othomaní) m (plural Οθωμανές, feminine Οθωμανός)
* Ottoman

#### Declension

| | singular | plural |
| nominative | Οθωμανή • | Οθωμανές • |
| genitive | Οθωμανής • | Οθωμανών • |
| accusative | Οθωμανή • | Οθωμανές • |
| vocative | Οθωμανή • | Οθωμανές • |

#### Related terms

* see: Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία f (Othomanikí Aftokratoría, “Ottoman Empire”)

#### See also

* Αγαρηνή f (Agariní, “Ottoman Muslim”)
# Δύμη
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dy̌ː.mɛː/ → /ˈðy.mi/ → /ˈði.mi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dy̌ː.mɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈdy.me̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈðy.mi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈðy.mi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈði.mi/

### Proper noun

Δῡ́μη • (Dū́mē) f (genitive Δῡ́μης); first declension
* Dyme (a city in Achaea, Greece)

#### Descendants

* Greek: Δύμη (Dými)
* Latin: Dȳmē

### References

* Δύμη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,009
# Δόνουσα
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dó.nuː.sa/ → /ˈðo.nu.sa/ → /ˈðo.nu.sa/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dó.nuː.sa/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈdo.nu.sa/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈðo.nu.sa/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈðo.nu.sa/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈðo.nu.sa/

### Proper noun

Δόνουσᾰ • (Dónousa) f (genitive Δονούσης); first declension
* Donusa, Cyclades, Greece

#### Descendants

* Greek: Δονούσα (Donoúsa)
* → Latin: Donūsa

### Further reading

* Δόνουσα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
# 顶不住
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 顶不住 – see 頂不住 (“to be unable to bear; to be unable to endure; to be unable to stand”). (This term is the simplified form of 頂不住).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 馬殺鷄
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 馬殺鷄 – see 馬殺雞 (“a horse kills/slaughters a chicken; massage; to massage”). (This term is a variant form of 馬殺雞).
# 鳴き白鳥
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鳴 | 白 | 鳥 |
| な Grade: 2 | はく Grade: 1 | ちょう Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | on'yomi | on'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 鳴き白鳥 – see the following entry. :
| 【鳴白鳥なきはくちょう】 | [noun] a trumpeter swan Alternative spelling ナキハクチョウ |
(This term, 鳴き白鳥, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 鳴き声
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鳴 | 声 |
| な Grade: 2 | こえ > ごえ Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 鳴き聲 (kyūjitai)

### Alternative forms

* 啼き声

### Noun

鳴(な)き声(ごえ) • (nakigoe)
* a cry of an animal, corresponding to many words such as baa, chirp, bark, etc.

### Verb

鳴(な)き声(ごえ)する • (nakigoe suru) suru (stem 鳴(な)き声(ごえ)し (nakigoe shi), past 鳴(な)き声(ごえ)した (nakigoe shita))
* to bark, chirp, etc.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 鳴き声し | なきごえし | nakigoe shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 鳴き声し | なきごえし | nakigoe shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 鳴き声する | なきごえする | nakigoe suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 鳴き声する | なきごえする | nakigoe suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 鳴き声すれ | なきごえすれ | nakigoe sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 鳴き声せよ¹ 鳴き声しろ² | なきごえせよ¹ なきごえしろ² | nakigoe seyo¹ nakigoe shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 鳴き声される | なきごえされる | nakigoe sareru |
| Causative | 鳴き声させる 鳴き声さす | なきごえさせる なきごえさす | nakigoe saseru nakigoe sasu |
| Potential | 鳴き声できる | なきごえできる | nakigoe dekiru |
| Volitional | 鳴き声しよう | なきごえしよう | nakigoe shiyō |
| Negative | 鳴き声しない | なきごえしない | nakigoe shinai |
| Negative continuative | 鳴き声せず | なきごえせず | nakigoe sezu |
| Formal | 鳴き声します | なきごえします | nakigoe shimasu |
| Perfective | 鳴き声した | なきごえした | nakigoe shita |
| Conjunctive | 鳴き声して | なきごえして | nakigoe shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 鳴き声すれば | なきごえすれば | nakigoe sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# αγριοραδίκι
## Greek
### Noun

αγριοραδίκι • (agrioradíki) n (plural αγριοραδίκια)
* Alternative form of αγριοράδικο (agriorádiko)

#### Declension

| | singular | plural |
| nominative | αγριοραδίκι • | αγριοραδίκια • |
| genitive | αγριοραδικιού • | αγριοραδικιών • |
| accusative | αγριοραδίκι • | αγριοραδίκια • |
| vocative | αγριοραδίκι • | αγριοραδίκια • |
# αγαπησιάρης
## Greek
### Adjective

αγαπησιάρης • (agapisiáris) m (feminine αγαπησιάρα, neuter αγαπησιάρικο)
* amorous
* flirtatious

#### Declension

| number case \ gender | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| number case \ gender | masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | αγαπησιάρης • | αγαπησιάρα • | αγαπησιάρικο • | αγαπησιάρηδες • | αγαπησιάρες • | αγαπησιάρικα • |
| genitive | αγαπησιάρη • | αγαπησιάρας • | αγαπησιάρικου • | αγαπησιάρηδων • | — | αγαπησιάρικων • |
| accusative | αγαπησιάρη • | αγαπησιάρα • | αγαπησιάρικο • | αγαπησιάρηδες • | αγαπησιάρες • | αγαπησιάρικα • |
| vocative | αγαπησιάρη • | αγαπησιάρα • | αγαπησιάρικο • | αγαπησιάρηδες • | αγαπησιάρες • | αγαπησιάρικα • |
| derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αγαπησιάρης, etc.) |

#### Synonyms

* ερωτιάρης (erotiáris)

#### Related terms

* see: αγάπη f (agápi, “love”)
# Ελλήσποντος
## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἕλλη and πόντος (Helle's sea).

### Proper noun

Ελλήσποντος • (Ellíspontos) m
* Hellespont

#### Synonyms

* Δαρδανέλια (Dardanélia)
# ακριβοθυγατέρα
## Greek
### Etymology

ακριβο- (akrivo-, “valued”) +‎ θυγατέρα (thygatéra, “daughter”)

### Noun

ακριβοθυγατέρα • (akrivothygatéra) f (plural ακριβοθυγατέρες, masculine ακριβογιός)
* much loved daughter, beloved daughter
* (by extension) only daughter

#### Declension

| | singular | plural |
| nominative | ακριβοθυγατέρα • | ακριβοθυγατέρες • |
| genitive | ακριβοθυγατέρας • | ακριβοθυγατέρων • |
| accusative | ακριβοθυγατέρα • | ακριβοθυγατέρες • |
| vocative | ακριβοθυγατέρα • | ακριβοθυγατέρες • |