# ὑάκινθος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Of Pre-Greek or other Mediterranean substrate origin and possibly related to Latin vaccinium. Note the Pre-Greek suffix -ινθ- (-inth-).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hy.á.kin.tʰos/ → /yˈa.cin.θos/ → /iˈa.cin.θos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hy.á.kin.tʰos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)yˈa.kin.tʰos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /yˈa.cin.θos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /yˈa.cin.θos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /iˈa.cin.θos/

### Noun

ῠ̔ᾰ́κινθος • (huákinthos) m (genitive ῠ̔ᾰκίνθου); second declension
* The alpine squill (Scilla bifolia)
* The larkspur (Consolida ajacis, syn. Delphinium ajacis)
* A certain type of blue
* Huákinthos, “dark red, purple”, again see Latin vaccinium
* A blue precious stone, perhaps aquamarine

#### Related terms

* Ὑάκινθος (Huákinthos)

#### Descendants

* Greek: υάκινθος (yákinthos)
* → Classical Syriac: ܝܩܘܢܕܐ (yāqūndāʾ, yaqqūndāʾ), ܝܘܩܢܛܐ (yūqanṭāʾ, “jacinth”)
* → Hebrew: יָקִינְתּוֹן (yakintón)
* → Latin: hyacinthus
** → Catalan: jacint
** → English: hyacinth
** → French: hyacinthe
*** → German: Hyazinthe
**** → Russian: гиаци́нт (giacínt)
** → Old French: jacinte
*** French: jacinthe
*** → Middle English: jacynct, jacinct, jacinctus, jacinkte, jacint, jacyncte, jacyngh, jacynt, jasynkt
**** English: jacinth
**** Scots: jacinct (obsolete)
** → Middle High German: jāchant
*** → Polish: jachant
**** → Old East Slavic: ꙗхонт (jaxont)
***** Russian: я́хонт (jáxont)
***** Ukrainian: я́хонт (jáxont)
** → Hungarian: jácint
** → Italian: giacinto
** → Spanish: jacinto
** → Serbo-Croatian: hijàcint / хија̀цинт
** → Swedish: hyacint
*** → Finnish: hyasintti
* → Middle Persian: yʾknd (yākand, “ruby”)
** Persian: یاکند (yâkand)
* → Old Armenian: յակինթ (yakintʻ), յակինթոս (yakintʻos), յակունդ (yakund), յակինդ (yakind), յաթինկոս (yatʻinkos) — misspelling
** Middle Armenian: յակինթ (yakintʻ)
** → Armenian: հակինթ (hakintʻ)
** → Georgian: იაკინთი (iaḳinti)
* → Old Church Slavonic: акинтъ (akintŭ), акунтъ (akuntŭ), ꙗкинфъ (jakinfŭ)
* → Parthian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫏𐫀𐫐𐫇𐫗𐫅 (yʾkwnd /⁠yākund⁠/)
** → Old Armenian: յակունդ (yakund)
*** Middle Armenian: յակունդ (yakund)
*** → Georgian: იაგუნდი (iagundi)
* → Sogdian: [script needed] (yγwth /⁠yaγūt⁠/, “ruby”)
** → Arabic: يَاقُوت (yāqūt)
*** → Afar: yaagút
*** → Bengali: ইয়াকুত (iẏakut), এয়াকুত (eẏakut)
*** → Swahili: yakuti
*** → Northern Kurdish: yaqût
*** → Middle Armenian: եաղութ (eaġutʻ)
*** → Persian: یاقوت (yâqut)
**** → Ottoman Turkish: یاقوت (yakut)
***** Turkish: yakut
***** → Albanian: jakut
***** → Romanian: iacut
***** → Serbo-Croatian: jàkut／ја̀кут
***** → Ubykh: еқуҭ (ekut)
**** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: याक़ूत (yāqūt)
    Urdu: یَاقُوت (yāqūt)
**** → Uyghur: ياقۇت (yaqut)
**** → Uzbek: yoqut

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὑάκινθος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1523
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “ὑάκινθος”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 70

### Further reading

* “ὑάκινθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὑάκινθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὑάκινθος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὑάκινθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ὑάκινθος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G5192 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible