# 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laistijaną.

### Verb

𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (laistjan)
* to follow, pursue
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 8:19:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌳𐌿𐌰𐍄𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌹, 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰 𐌸𐌿𐌺, 𐌸𐌹𐍃𐍈𐌰𐌳𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐍃.jah duatgaggands ains bōkareis qaþ du imma: laisari, laistja þuk, þisƕaduh þadei gaggis.And a certain scribe came, and said unto him, Master, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 27:55:
    𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍂 𐌵𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐍉𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃, 𐌸𐍉𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 I𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌰 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 G𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌰, 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌱𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰,wēsunuh þan jainar qinōns managōs fairraþrō saiƕandeins, þōzei laistidēdun afar Iēsua fram Galeilaia, andbahtjandeins imma,And many women were there beholding afar off, which followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering unto him: (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, John 13:37:
    𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌷 P𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰, 𐌳𐌿𐍈𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌲 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌽𐌿? 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰.þaruh Paitrus qaþ du imma: frauja, duƕē ni mag þuk laistjan nu? saiwala meina faur þuk lagja.Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 9:49:
    𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌽 I𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌴𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸: 𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳, 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌴𐍈𐌿𐌼 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐍃𐌳𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐍃.andhafjands þan Iōhannēs qaþ: talzjand, gasēƕum sumana ana þeinamma namin usdreibandan unhulþōns jah waridēdun imma, untē ni laisteiþ miþ unsis.And John answered and said, Master, we saw one casting out devils in thy name; and we forbad him, because he followeth not with us. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 17:33:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃: 𐍃𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌴𐍂, 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐍃𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍂; 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌽𐌹𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸.jah qiþand izwis: sai hēr, aiþþau sai jainar; ni galeiþaiþ nih laistjaiþ.And they shall say to you, See here; or, see there: go not after them, nor follow them. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 8:34:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍄𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌸𐍉 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼: 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌹 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌼𐌹𐍃 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽, 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌲𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌺.jah athaitands þō managein miþ sipōnjam seinaim qaþ du im: saei wili afar mis laistjan, inwidai sik silban jah nimai galgan seinana jah laistjai mik.And when he had called the people unto him with his disciples also, he said unto them, Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 10:52:
    𐌹𐌸 I𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲, 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌿𐌺. 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐌰𐍈 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰 I𐌴𐍃𐌿.iþ Iēsus qaþ du imma: gagg, galaubeins þeina ganasida þuk. jah sunsaiw ussaƕ jah laistida in wiga Iēsu.And Jesus said unto him, Go thy way; thy faith hath made thee whole. And immediately he received his sight, and followed Jesus in the way. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Romans 9:31:
    𐌹𐌸 I𐍃𐍂𐌰𐌴𐌻 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌱𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿.iþ Israēl laistjands witōþ garaihteins bi witōþ garaihteins ni gasnau.But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Thessalonians 5:15:
    𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐍈𐌰𐍃 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍈𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹, 𐌰𐌺 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐍉 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃.saiƕiþ ibai ƕas ubil und ubilamma ƕamma usgildai, ak sinteinō þiuþ laistjaiþ miþ izwis missō jah wiþra allans.See that none render evil for evil unto any man; but ever follow that which is good, both among yourselves, and to all men. (KJV)
** 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 2 Timothy 2:22:
    𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷; 𐌹𐌸 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰, 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌿𐍃 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌽.aþþan juggans lustuns þliuh; iþ laistei garaihtein, galaubein, frijaþwa, gawairþi miþ þaim bidai anahaitandam fraujan us hrainjamma hairtin.Flee also youthful lusts: but follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart. (KJV)

#### Conjugation

Class 1 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 laistjan | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 laistjan | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 laistjan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰 laistja | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 laistida | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 laistjada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 laisteis | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 laistidēs | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 laistjaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 laisteiþ | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 laistida | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 laistjada |
| 1st dual | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 laistjōs | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 laistidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 laistjats | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 laistidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌼 laistjam | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 laistidēdum | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 laistjanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 laisteiþ | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 laistidēduþ | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 laistjanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 laistjand | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 laistidēdun | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 laistjanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 laistjau | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 laistidēdjau | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 laistjais | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 laistidēdeis | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 laistjaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 laistjai | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 laistidēdi | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 laistjaiwa | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 laistidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 laistjaits | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 laistidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 laistjaima | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 laistidēdeima | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 laistjaiþ | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 laistidēdeiþ | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 laistjaina | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 laistidēdeina | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹 laistei | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 laistjats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 laisteiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 laistjandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 laistjands | 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 laistiþs | |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (afarlaistjan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (galaistjan)
* 𐌿𐌽𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 (unbilaistiþs)
* 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 (unfairlaistiþs)

#### Related terms

* 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track, footprint”)

#### Descendants

* → Old Spanish: lastar
* → Portuguese: lastar