# 曾孫
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zēngsūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄥ ㄙㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zang$^1$ syun$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chan-sun / cheng-sun / chng-sun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$ sung$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen-sen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zēngsūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ ㄙㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zengsun
*** Wade–Giles: tsêng$^1$-sun$^1$
*** Yale: dzēng-swūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzengsuen
*** Palladius: цзэнсунь (czɛnsunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zēngsūnr
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ ㄙㄨㄣㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zengsunr
*** Wade–Giles: tsêng$^1$-sun$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: dzēng-swūnr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzengsuel
*** Palladius: цзэнсуньр (czɛnsunʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ su̯əɻ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zang$^1$ syun$^1$
*** Yale: jāng syūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzang$^1$ syn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeng$^1$ xun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ syːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chan-sun
*** Tâi-lô: tsan-sun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zanswn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡san⁴⁴⁻²² sun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡san³³ sun³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-sun
*** Tâi-lô: tsing-sun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zengswn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng-sun
*** Tâi-lô: tsng-sun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zngswn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍³³ sun³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^1$ sung$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng sung
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³³⁻²³ suŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen-sen
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$ sen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen-sen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵⁵ sən²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsong swon
Rime :
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 作滕切 | 思渾切 |
| Baxter | tsong | swon |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡səŋ/ | /suon/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡səŋ/ | /swən/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡səŋ/ | /suən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zēng | sūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zang$^1$ | syun$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤəŋ [s]ˤu[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːŋ suːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zēng | sūn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsong › | ‹ swon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ˁəŋ/ | /*[s]ˁu[n]/ |
| English | remote (ancestor) | grandchild; descendant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 曾 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16616 | 12178 |
| Phonetic component | 曾 | 孫 |
| Rime group | 蒸 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 孫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsɯːŋ/ | /*suːn/ |
| Notes | 朱芳圃云爲甑初文， 非形聲字 | |

### Noun

曾孫
* great-grandson (in a male lineage)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 曾孫, 曾孫子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 曾孫兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 曾孫 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 重孫子, 重孫兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 曾孫 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 重孫, 重孫子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 重孫子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 重孫子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 重孫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 重孫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 重孫子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 重孫兒, 重孫, 曾孫兒, 曾孫, 四世孫兒, 四世孫 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 重孫子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 重孫, 男重孫 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 重孫子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 灰灰兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 重孫子, 重孫 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 重孫孫, 重孫 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 重孫子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 息子, 息, 重孫, 息崽 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 重重, 重孫 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 重孫子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 重孫兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 息 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 息 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 嘞 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 息 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 息 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 息, 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 息 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 息 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 息 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 息 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 息 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 息 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 息 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 息 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 息 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 息 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 息, 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 息, 息仔 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 息 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 息 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 曾孫 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 息 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 息 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 曾孫子, 曾孫 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 曾孫崽, 曾孫 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 阿息 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 息孫 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 息子 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 阿息 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 息子 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 息子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 息子 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 息 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 息 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 重孫 |
| Hakka | Changting | 息嫲哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 息嫲子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 息子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 息子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 息哩 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 息孫 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 曾孫, 息孫 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 重孫 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 玄孫 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 息仔, 息嫲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 息仔, 息嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 息仔, 息嫲 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 息, 息嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 息仔, 息嫲 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 曾孫, 玄孫 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 息 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 息 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 息 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 息 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 倈 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 息 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 息 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 息子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 孫息, 息子 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 息孫 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 曾孫 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 重孫 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 息仔 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 息 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 孫息 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 息孫 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 重孫 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 重孫子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 重孫 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 息仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 曾孫 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 息仔 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 重孫 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 重孫 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 橄欖孫 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 息 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 息, 妰𡝃息 † |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 息 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 孫息, 息仔, 重孫仔 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 重孫子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 曾孫, 玄孫 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 玄孫 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 玄孫 |
| Wu | Danyang | 重孫 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 重孫 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 重孫 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 玄孫 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 玄孫 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 曾孫子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 曾孫 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 重孫, 息崽 |
| Note | † - distinguishes male gender from gender-neutral term | † - distinguishes male gender from gender-neutral term |

#### Related terms

* 玄孫／玄孙 (xuánsūn)
* 來孫／来孙 (láisūn)
* 晜孫／晜孙 (kūnsūn)
* 耳孫／耳孙 (réngsūn)
* 雲孫／云孙 (yúnsūn)