# خلف
## Arabic

* Root
* خ ل ف (ḵ l f)
* 13 terms

### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xal.fa/

#### Preposition

خَلْفَ • (ḵalfa)
* behind
** 2019, Courtney Charley, chapter 1, in نِسَاء صَغِيرَات, translation of Little Women by Louisa Alcott (in English):بَدَأَت جُو تَمْشِي ذَهَابًا وَإِيَابًا وَيَدَاهَا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهَا، كَٱلرَّجُلِ.badaʔat jū tamšī ḏahāban waʔiyāban wayadāhā ḵalfa ẓahrihā, kar-rajuli.Joe started walking back and forth with her hands behind her back, like a man.

##### Inflection

Inflected forms :
| Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | خَلْفَ (ḵalfa) |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Singular | Singular | Dual | Plural | Plural |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine |
| First person | خَلْفِي (ḵalfī) | خَلْفِي (ḵalfī) | خَلْفَنَا (ḵalfanā) | خَلْفَنَا (ḵalfanā) | خَلْفَنَا (ḵalfanā) |
| Second person | خَلْفَكَ (ḵalfaka) | خَلْفَكِ (ḵalfaki) | خَلْفَكُمَا (ḵalfakumā) | خَلْفَكُمْ (ḵalfakum) | خَلْفَكُنَّ (ḵalfakunna) |
| Third person | خَلْفَهُ (ḵalfahu) | خَلْفَهَا (ḵalfahā) | خَلْفَهُمَا (ḵalfahumā) | خَلْفَهُمْ (ḵalfahum) | خَلْفَهُنَّ (ḵalfahunna) |

##### Derived terms

* مِنْ خَلْفِ (min ḵalfi)

### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xalf/

#### Noun

خَلْف • (ḵalf) m (plural خُلُوف (ḵulūf))
* verbal noun of خَلَفَ (ḵalafa) (form I)
* location that is behind
* time past
* back
* successor, descendant
* descendants
* remnant of people
* succeeding generation, progeny
* short rib
* someone absent from the tribe or just returned

##### Declension
### Etymology 1.3

From Proto-Semitic *ḫalap-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew חָלַף (ḥɔlap̄, “to move past”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xa.la.fa/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

خَلَفَ • (ḵalafa) I (non-past يَخْلُفُ (yaḵlufu), verbal noun خَلْف (ḵalf))
* to succeed, to follow, to come after
* to substitute for
* to replace
* to lag behind
* to stay behind
* to be detained, to stay away

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xal.la.fa/

#### Verb

خَلَّفَ • (ḵallafa) II (non-past يُخَلِّفُ (yuḵallifu), verbal noun تَخْلِيف (taḵlīf))
* to appoint as a successor
* to leave behind
* (intransitive) to have offspring

##### Conjugation
### References

* Freytag, Georg (1830) “خلف”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 516–518
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “خلف”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 792
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “خلف”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 337
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “خلف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 297

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* خ ل ف
* 5 terms

### Etymology 1

From Arabic خَلَفَ (ḵalafa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xa.laf/, [ˈxa.laf]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

خلف • (ḵalaf) I (present بخلف (biḵlif))
* to replace, to reward

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of خلف (ḵalaf) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | خلفت (ḵalaft) | خلفت (ḵalaft) | خلف (ḵalaf) | خلفنا (ḵalafna) | خلفتو (ḵalaftu) | خلفو (ḵalafu) |
| past | f | خلفت (ḵalaft) | خلفتي (ḵalafti) | خلفت (ḵalfat) | خلفنا (ḵalafna) | خلفتو (ḵalaftu) | خلفو (ḵalafu) |
| present | m | بخلف (baḵlif) | بتخلف (btiḵlif) | بخلف (biḵlif) | منخلف (mniḵlif) | بتخلفو (btiḵlifu) | بخلفو (biḵlifu) |
| present | f | بخلف (baḵlif) | بتخلفي (btiḵlifi) | بتخلف (btiḵlif) | منخلف (mniḵlif) | بتخلفو (btiḵlifu) | بخلفو (biḵlifu) |
| subjunctive | m | أخلف (ʔaḵlif) | تخلف (tiḵlif) | يخلف (yiḵlif) | نخلف (niḵlif) | تخلفو (tiḵlifu) | يخلفو (yiḵlifu) |
| subjunctive | f | أخلف (ʔaḵlif) | تخلفي (tiḵlifi) | تخلف (tiḵlif) | نخلف (niḵlif) | تخلفو (tiḵlifu) | يخلفو (yiḵlifu) |
| imperative | m | | اخلف (iḵlif) | | | اخلفو (iḵlifu) | |
| imperative | f | | اخلفي (iḵlifi) | | | اخلفو (iḵlifu) | |

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xal.laf/, [ˈxal.laf]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

خلّف • (ḵallaf) II (present بخلّف (biḵallef))
* to give birth
    Synonym: جاب (jāb)

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of خلّف (ḵallaf) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | خلّفت (ḵallaft) | خلّفت (ḵallaft) | خلّف (ḵallaf) | خلّفنا (ḵallafna) | خلّفتو (ḵallaftu) | خلّفو (ḵallafu) |
| past | f | خلّفت (ḵallaft) | خلّفتي (ḵallafti) | خلّفت (ḵallafat) | خلّفنا (ḵallafna) | خلّفتو (ḵallaftu) | خلّفو (ḵallafu) |
| present | m | بخلّف (baḵallef) | بتخلّف (bitḵallef) | بخلّف (biḵallef) | منخلّف (minḵallef) | بتخلّفو (bitḵallfu) | بخلّفو (biḵallfu) |
| present | f | بخلّف (baḵallef) | بتخلّفي (bitḵallfi) | بتخلّف (bitḵallef) | منخلّف (minḵallef) | بتخلّفو (bitḵallfu) | بخلّفو (biḵallfu) |
| subjunctive | m | اخلّف (aḵallef) | تخلّف (tḵallef) | يخلّف (yḵallef) | نخلّف (nḵallef) | تخلّفو (tḵallfu) | يخلّفو (yḵallfu) |
| subjunctive | f | اخلّف (aḵallef) | تخلّفي (tḵallfi) | تخلّف (tḵallef) | نخلّف (nḵallef) | تخلّفو (tḵallfu) | يخلّفو (yḵallfu) |
| imperative | m | | خلّف (ḵallef) | | | خلّفو (ḵallfu) | |
| imperative | f | | خلّفي (ḵallfi) | | | خلّفو (ḵallfu) | |