# ethuka
## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-éthuka
* to be startled

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* -thúka

#### Verb

-ethúka
* (transitive, intransitive) to abuse, to insult, to swear at

##### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukwethuka |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukwethuka | ukungethuki |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | yethuka | -ethuke |
| Plural | yethukani | -ethukeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyethuka, ngethuka | engethukayo, engethuka | ngethuka | angethuki | engingethuki | ngingethuki |
| 2nd singular | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | wethuka | awethuki | ongethuki | ungethuki |
| 1st plural | siyethuka, sethuka | esethukayo, esethuka | sethuka | asethuki | esingethuki | singethuki |
| 2nd plural | niyethuka, nethuka | enethukayo, enethuka | nethuka | anethuki | eningethuki | ningethuki |
| Class 1 | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | ethuka | akethuki | ongethuki | engethuki |
| Class 2 | bayethuka, bethuka | abethukayo, abethuka | bethuka | abethuki | abangethuki | bengethuki |
| Class 3 | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | wethuka | awethuki | ongethuki | ungethuki |
| Class 4 | iyethuka, yethuka | eyethukayo, eyethuka | yethuka | ayethuki | engethuki | ingethuki |
| Class 5 | liyethuka, lethuka | elethukayo, elethuka | lethuka | alethuki | elingethuki | lingethuki |
| Class 6 | ayethuka, ethuka | ethukayo, ethuka | ethuka | awethuki | angethuki | engethuki |
| Class 7 | siyethuka, sethuka | esethukayo, esethuka | sethuka | asethuki | esingethuki | singethuki |
| Class 8 | ziyethuka, zethuka | ezethukayo, ezethuka | zethuka | azethuki | ezingethuki | zingethuki |
| Class 9 | iyethuka, yethuka | eyethukayo, eyethuka | yethuka | ayethuki | engethuki | ingethuki |
| Class 10 | ziyethuka, zethuka | ezethukayo, ezethuka | zethuka | azethuki | ezingethuki | zingethuki |
| Class 11 | luyethuka, lwethuka | olwethukayo, olwethuka | lwethuka | alwethuki | olungethuki | lungethuki |
| Class 14 | buyethuka, bethuka | obethukayo, obethuka | bethuka | abethuki | obungethuki | bungethuki |
| Class 15 | kuyethuka, kwethuka | okwethukayo, okwethuka | kwethuka | akwethuki | okungethuki | kungethuki |
| Class 17 | kuyethuka, kwethuka | okwethukayo, okwethuka | kwethuka | akwethuki | okungethuki | kungethuki |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngethukile, ngethukē | engethukile, engethukē | ngethukile, ngethukē | angethukanga | engingethukanga | ngingethukanga |
| 2nd singular | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | wethukile, wethukē | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| 1st plural | sethukile, sethukē | esethukile, esethukē | sethukile, sethukē | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| 2nd plural | nethukile, nethukē | enethukile, enethukē | nethukile, nethukē | anethukanga | eningethukanga | ningethukanga |
| Class 1 | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | ethukile, ethukē | akethukanga | ongethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 2 | bethukile, bethukē | abethukile, abethukē | bethukile, bethukē | abethukanga | abangethukanga | bengethukanga |
| Class 3 | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | wethukile, wethukē | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| Class 4 | yethukile, yethukē | eyethukile, eyethukē | yethukile, yethukē | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 5 | lethukile, lethukē | elethukile, elethukē | lethukile, lethukē | alethukanga | elingethukanga | lingethukanga |
| Class 6 | ethukile, ethukē | ethukile, ethukē | ethukile, ethukē | awethukanga | angethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 7 | sethukile, sethukē | esethukile, esethukē | sethukile, sethukē | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| Class 8 | zethukile, zethukē | ezethukile, ezethukē | zethukile, zethukē | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 9 | yethukile, yethukē | eyethukile, eyethukē | yethukile, yethukē | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 10 | zethukile, zethukē | ezethukile, ezethukē | zethukile, zethukē | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 11 | lwethukile, lwethukē | olwethukile, olwethukē | lwethukile, lwethukē | alwethukanga | olungethukanga | lungethukanga |
| Class 14 | bethukile, bethukē | obethukile, obethukē | bethukile, bethukē | abethukanga | obungethukanga | bungethukanga |
| Class 15 | kwethukile, kwethukē | okwethukile, okwethukē | kwethukile, kwethukē | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| Class 17 | kwethukile, kwethukē | okwethukile, okwethukē | kwethukile, kwethukē | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngēthuka | engēthuka | ngēthuka | angethukanga | engingethukanga | ngingethukanga |
| 2nd singular | wēthuka | owēthuka | wēthuka | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| 1st plural | sēthuka | esēthuka | sēthuka | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| 2nd plural | nēthuka | enēthuka | nēthuka | anethukanga | eningethukanga | ningethukanga |
| Class 1 | wēthuka | owēthuka | ēthuka | akethukanga | ongethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 2 | bēthuka | abēthuka | bēthuka | abethukanga | abangethukanga | bengethukanga |
| Class 3 | wēthuka | owēthuka | wēthuka | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| Class 4 | yēthuka | eyēthuka | yēthuka | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 5 | lēthuka | elēthuka | lēthuka | alethukanga | elingethukanga | lingethukanga |
| Class 6 | ēthuka | ēthuka | ēthuka | awethukanga | angethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 7 | sēthuka | esēthuka | sēthuka | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| Class 8 | zēthuka | ezēthuka | zēthuka | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 9 | yēthuka | eyēthuka | yēthuka | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 10 | zēthuka | ezēthuka | zēthuka | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 11 | lwēthuka | olwēthuka | lwēthuka | alwethukanga | olungethukanga | lungethukanga |
| Class 14 | bēthuka | obēthuka | bēthuka | abethukanga | obungethukanga | bungethukanga |
| Class 15 | kwēthuka | okwēthuka | kwēthuka | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| Class 17 | kwēthuka | okwēthuka | kwēthuka | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingethuka | — | ngingethuka | ngingethuke | — | ngingethuke |
| 2nd singular | ungethuka | — | ungethuka | ungethuke | — | ungethuke |
| 1st plural | singethuka | — | singethuka | singethuke | — | singethuke |
| 2nd plural | ningethuka | — | ningethuka | ningethuke | — | ningethuke |
| Class 1 | angethuka | — | engethuka | angethuke | — | engethuke |
| Class 2 | bangethuka | — | bengethuka | bangethuke | — | bengethuke |
| Class 3 | ungethuka | — | ungethuka | ungethuke | — | ungethuke |
| Class 4 | ingethuka | — | ingethuka | ingethuke | — | ingethuke |
| Class 5 | lingethuka | — | lingethuka | lingethuke | — | lingethuke |
| Class 6 | angethuka | — | engethuka | angethuke | — | engethuke |
| Class 7 | singethuka | — | singethuka | singethuke | — | singethuke |
| Class 8 | zingethuka | — | zingethuka | zingethuke | — | zingethuke |
| Class 9 | ingethuka | — | ingethuka | ingethuke | — | ingethuke |
| Class 10 | zingethuka | — | zingethuka | zingethuke | — | zingethuke |
| Class 11 | lungethuka | — | lungethuka | lungethuke | — | lungethuke |
| Class 14 | bungethuka | — | bungethuka | bungethuke | — | bungethuke |
| Class 15 | kungethuka | — | kungethuka | kungethuke | — | kungethuke |
| Class 17 | kungethuka | — | kungethuka | kungethuke | — | kungethuke |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizokwethuka | engizokwethuka | ngizokwethuka | angizukwethuka | engingezukwethuka | ngingezukwethuka |
| 2nd singular | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | uzokwethuka | awuzukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | ungezukwethuka |
| 1st plural | sizokwethuka | esizokwethuka | sizokwethuka | asizukwethuka | esingezukwethuka | singezukwethuka |
| 2nd plural | nizokwethuka | enizokwethuka | nizokwethuka | anizukwethuka | eningezukwethuka | ningezukwethuka |
| Class 1 | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | ezokwethuka | akazukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | engezukwethuka |
| Class 2 | bazokwethuka | abazokwethuka | bezokwethuka | abazukwethuka | abangezukwethuka | bengezukwethuka |
| Class 3 | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | uzokwethuka | awuzukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | ungezukwethuka |
| Class 4 | izokwethuka | ezokwethuka | izokwethuka | ayizukwethuka | engezukwethuka | ingezukwethuka |
| Class 5 | lizokwethuka | elizokwethuka | lizokwethuka | alizukwethuka | elingezukwethuka | lingezukwethuka |
| Class 6 | azokwethuka | azokwethuka | ezokwethuka | awazukwethuka | angezukwethuka | engezukwethuka |
| Class 7 | sizokwethuka | esizokwethuka | sizokwethuka | asizukwethuka | esingezukwethuka | singezukwethuka |
| Class 8 | zizokwethuka | ezizokwethuka | zizokwethuka | azizukwethuka | ezingezukwethuka | zingezukwethuka |
| Class 9 | izokwethuka | ezokwethuka | izokwethuka | ayizukwethuka | engezukwethuka | ingezukwethuka |
| Class 10 | zizokwethuka | ezizokwethuka | zizokwethuka | azizukwethuka | ezingezukwethuka | zingezukwethuka |
| Class 11 | luzokwethuka | oluzokwethuka | luzokwethuka | aluzukwethuka | olungezukwethuka | lungezukwethuka |
| Class 14 | buzokwethuka | obuzokwethuka | buzokwethuka | abuzukwethuka | obungezukwethuka | bungezukwethuka |
| Class 15 | kuzokwethuka | okuzokwethuka | kuzokwethuka | akuzukwethuka | okungezukwethuka | kungezukwethuka |
| Class 17 | kuzokwethuka | okuzokwethuka | kuzokwethuka | akuzukwethuka | okungezukwethuka | kungezukwethuka |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyokwethuka | engiyokwethuka | ngiyokwethuka | angiyukwethuka | engingeyukwethuka | ngingeyukwethuka |
| 2nd singular | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | uyokwethuka | awuyukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | ungeyukwethuka |
| 1st plural | siyokwethuka | esiyokwethuka | siyokwethuka | asiyukwethuka | esingeyukwethuka | singeyukwethuka |
| 2nd plural | niyokwethuka | eniyokwethuka | niyokwethuka | aniyukwethuka | eningeyukwethuka | ningeyukwethuka |
| Class 1 | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | akayukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka |
| Class 2 | bayokwethuka | abayokwethuka | beyokwethuka | abayukwethuka | abangeyukwethuka | bengeyukwethuka |
| Class 3 | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | uyokwethuka | awuyukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | ungeyukwethuka |
| Class 4 | iyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | iyokwethuka | ayiyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka | ingeyukwethuka |
| Class 5 | liyokwethuka | eliyokwethuka | liyokwethuka | aliyukwethuka | elingeyukwethuka | lingeyukwethuka |
| Class 6 | ayokwethuka | ayokwethuka | eyokwethuka | awayukwethuka | angeyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka |
| Class 7 | siyokwethuka | esiyokwethuka | siyokwethuka | asiyukwethuka | esingeyukwethuka | singeyukwethuka |
| Class 8 | ziyokwethuka | eziyokwethuka | ziyokwethuka | aziyukwethuka | ezingeyukwethuka | zingeyukwethuka |
| Class 9 | iyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | iyokwethuka | ayiyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka | ingeyukwethuka |
| Class 10 | ziyokwethuka | eziyokwethuka | ziyokwethuka | aziyukwethuka | ezingeyukwethuka | zingeyukwethuka |
| Class 11 | luyokwethuka | oluyokwethuka | luyokwethuka | aluyukwethuka | olungeyukwethuka | lungeyukwethuka |
| Class 14 | buyokwethuka | obuyokwethuka | buyokwethuka | abuyukwethuka | obungeyukwethuka | bungeyukwethuka |
| Class 15 | kuyokwethuka | okuyokwethuka | kuyokwethuka | akuyukwethuka | okungeyukwethuka | kungeyukwethuka |
| Class 17 | kuyokwethuka | okuyokwethuka | kuyokwethuka | akuyukwethuka | okungeyukwethuka | kungeyukwethuka |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngethuke | ngingethuki |
| 2nd singular | wethuke | ungethuki |
| 1st plural | sethuke | singethuki |
| 2nd plural | nethuke | ningethuki |
| Class 1 | ethuke | angethuki |
| Class 2 | bethuke | bangethuki |
| Class 3 | wethuke | ungethuki |
| Class 4 | yethuke | ingethuki |
| Class 5 | lethuke | lingethuki |
| Class 6 | ethuke | angethuki |
| Class 7 | sethuke | singethuki |
| Class 8 | zethuke | zingethuki |
| Class 9 | yethuke | ingethuki |
| Class 10 | zethuke | zingethuki |
| Class 11 | lwethuke | lungethuki |
| Class 14 | bethuke | bungethuki |
| Class 15 | kwethuke | kungethuki |
| Class 17 | kwethuke | kungethuki |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngethuka | ngangethuka, angethuka, angangethuka |
| 2nd singular | wethuka | wangethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| 1st plural | sethuka | sangethuka, asethuka, asangethuka |
| 2nd plural | nethuka | nangethuka, anethuka, anangethuka |
| Class 1 | wethuka | wangethuka, akethuka, akangethuka |
| Class 2 | bethuka | bangethuka, abethuka, abangethuka |
| Class 3 | wethuka | wangethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| Class 4 | yethuka | yangethuka, ayethuka, ayangethuka |
| Class 5 | lethuka | langethuka, alethuka, alangethuka |
| Class 6 | ethuka | angethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| Class 7 | sethuka | sangethuka, asethuka, asangethuka |
| Class 8 | zethuka | zangethuka, azethuka, azangethuka |
| Class 9 | yethuka | yangethuka, ayethuka, ayangethuka |
| Class 10 | zethuka | zangethuka, azethuka, azangethuka |
| Class 11 | lwethuka | lwangethuka, alwethuka, alwangethuka |
| Class 14 | bethuka | bangethuka, abethuka, abangethuka |
| Class 15 | kwethuka | kwangethuka, akwethuka, akwangethuka |
| Class 17 | kwethuka | kwangethuka, akwethuka, akwangethuka |

#### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ethuka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ethuka (3.2.9)”

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-jítʊka.

#### Alternative forms

* -thuka

#### Verb

-ethuka
* (intransitive) to startle, to get a start, to get a fright

##### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukwethuka |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukwethuka | ukungethuki |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | yethuka | -ethuke |
| Plural | yethukani | -ethukeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyethuka, ngethuka | engethukayo, engethuka | ngethuka | angethuki | engingethuki | ngingethuki |
| 2nd singular | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | wethuka | awethuki | ongethuki | ungethuki |
| 1st plural | siyethuka, sethuka | esethukayo, esethuka | sethuka | asethuki | esingethuki | singethuki |
| 2nd plural | niyethuka, nethuka | enethukayo, enethuka | nethuka | anethuki | eningethuki | ningethuki |
| Class 1 | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | ethuka | akethuki | ongethuki | engethuki |
| Class 2 | bayethuka, bethuka | abethukayo, abethuka | bethuka | abethuki | abangethuki | bengethuki |
| Class 3 | uyethuka, wethuka | owethukayo, owethuka | wethuka | awethuki | ongethuki | ungethuki |
| Class 4 | iyethuka, yethuka | eyethukayo, eyethuka | yethuka | ayethuki | engethuki | ingethuki |
| Class 5 | liyethuka, lethuka | elethukayo, elethuka | lethuka | alethuki | elingethuki | lingethuki |
| Class 6 | ayethuka, ethuka | ethukayo, ethuka | ethuka | awethuki | angethuki | engethuki |
| Class 7 | siyethuka, sethuka | esethukayo, esethuka | sethuka | asethuki | esingethuki | singethuki |
| Class 8 | ziyethuka, zethuka | ezethukayo, ezethuka | zethuka | azethuki | ezingethuki | zingethuki |
| Class 9 | iyethuka, yethuka | eyethukayo, eyethuka | yethuka | ayethuki | engethuki | ingethuki |
| Class 10 | ziyethuka, zethuka | ezethukayo, ezethuka | zethuka | azethuki | ezingethuki | zingethuki |
| Class 11 | luyethuka, lwethuka | olwethukayo, olwethuka | lwethuka | alwethuki | olungethuki | lungethuki |
| Class 14 | buyethuka, bethuka | obethukayo, obethuka | bethuka | abethuki | obungethuki | bungethuki |
| Class 15 | kuyethuka, kwethuka | okwethukayo, okwethuka | kwethuka | akwethuki | okungethuki | kungethuki |
| Class 17 | kuyethuka, kwethuka | okwethukayo, okwethuka | kwethuka | akwethuki | okungethuki | kungethuki |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngethukile, ngethukē | engethukile, engethukē | ngethukile, ngethukē | angethukanga | engingethukanga | ngingethukanga |
| 2nd singular | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | wethukile, wethukē | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| 1st plural | sethukile, sethukē | esethukile, esethukē | sethukile, sethukē | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| 2nd plural | nethukile, nethukē | enethukile, enethukē | nethukile, nethukē | anethukanga | eningethukanga | ningethukanga |
| Class 1 | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | ethukile, ethukē | akethukanga | ongethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 2 | bethukile, bethukē | abethukile, abethukē | bethukile, bethukē | abethukanga | abangethukanga | bengethukanga |
| Class 3 | wethukile, wethukē | owethukile, owethukē | wethukile, wethukē | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| Class 4 | yethukile, yethukē | eyethukile, eyethukē | yethukile, yethukē | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 5 | lethukile, lethukē | elethukile, elethukē | lethukile, lethukē | alethukanga | elingethukanga | lingethukanga |
| Class 6 | ethukile, ethukē | ethukile, ethukē | ethukile, ethukē | awethukanga | angethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 7 | sethukile, sethukē | esethukile, esethukē | sethukile, sethukē | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| Class 8 | zethukile, zethukē | ezethukile, ezethukē | zethukile, zethukē | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 9 | yethukile, yethukē | eyethukile, eyethukē | yethukile, yethukē | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 10 | zethukile, zethukē | ezethukile, ezethukē | zethukile, zethukē | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 11 | lwethukile, lwethukē | olwethukile, olwethukē | lwethukile, lwethukē | alwethukanga | olungethukanga | lungethukanga |
| Class 14 | bethukile, bethukē | obethukile, obethukē | bethukile, bethukē | abethukanga | obungethukanga | bungethukanga |
| Class 15 | kwethukile, kwethukē | okwethukile, okwethukē | kwethukile, kwethukē | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| Class 17 | kwethukile, kwethukē | okwethukile, okwethukē | kwethukile, kwethukē | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngēthuka | engēthuka | ngēthuka | angethukanga | engingethukanga | ngingethukanga |
| 2nd singular | wēthuka | owēthuka | wēthuka | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| 1st plural | sēthuka | esēthuka | sēthuka | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| 2nd plural | nēthuka | enēthuka | nēthuka | anethukanga | eningethukanga | ningethukanga |
| Class 1 | wēthuka | owēthuka | ēthuka | akethukanga | ongethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 2 | bēthuka | abēthuka | bēthuka | abethukanga | abangethukanga | bengethukanga |
| Class 3 | wēthuka | owēthuka | wēthuka | awethukanga | ongethukanga | ungethukanga |
| Class 4 | yēthuka | eyēthuka | yēthuka | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 5 | lēthuka | elēthuka | lēthuka | alethukanga | elingethukanga | lingethukanga |
| Class 6 | ēthuka | ēthuka | ēthuka | awethukanga | angethukanga | engethukanga |
| Class 7 | sēthuka | esēthuka | sēthuka | asethukanga | esingethukanga | singethukanga |
| Class 8 | zēthuka | ezēthuka | zēthuka | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 9 | yēthuka | eyēthuka | yēthuka | ayethukanga | engethukanga | ingethukanga |
| Class 10 | zēthuka | ezēthuka | zēthuka | azethukanga | ezingethukanga | zingethukanga |
| Class 11 | lwēthuka | olwēthuka | lwēthuka | alwethukanga | olungethukanga | lungethukanga |
| Class 14 | bēthuka | obēthuka | bēthuka | abethukanga | obungethukanga | bungethukanga |
| Class 15 | kwēthuka | okwēthuka | kwēthuka | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| Class 17 | kwēthuka | okwēthuka | kwēthuka | akwethukanga | okungethukanga | kungethukanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingethuka | — | ngingethuka | ngingethuke | — | ngingethuke |
| 2nd singular | ungethuka | — | ungethuka | ungethuke | — | ungethuke |
| 1st plural | singethuka | — | singethuka | singethuke | — | singethuke |
| 2nd plural | ningethuka | — | ningethuka | ningethuke | — | ningethuke |
| Class 1 | angethuka | — | engethuka | angethuke | — | engethuke |
| Class 2 | bangethuka | — | bengethuka | bangethuke | — | bengethuke |
| Class 3 | ungethuka | — | ungethuka | ungethuke | — | ungethuke |
| Class 4 | ingethuka | — | ingethuka | ingethuke | — | ingethuke |
| Class 5 | lingethuka | — | lingethuka | lingethuke | — | lingethuke |
| Class 6 | angethuka | — | engethuka | angethuke | — | engethuke |
| Class 7 | singethuka | — | singethuka | singethuke | — | singethuke |
| Class 8 | zingethuka | — | zingethuka | zingethuke | — | zingethuke |
| Class 9 | ingethuka | — | ingethuka | ingethuke | — | ingethuke |
| Class 10 | zingethuka | — | zingethuka | zingethuke | — | zingethuke |
| Class 11 | lungethuka | — | lungethuka | lungethuke | — | lungethuke |
| Class 14 | bungethuka | — | bungethuka | bungethuke | — | bungethuke |
| Class 15 | kungethuka | — | kungethuka | kungethuke | — | kungethuke |
| Class 17 | kungethuka | — | kungethuka | kungethuke | — | kungethuke |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizokwethuka | engizokwethuka | ngizokwethuka | angizukwethuka | engingezukwethuka | ngingezukwethuka |
| 2nd singular | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | uzokwethuka | awuzukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | ungezukwethuka |
| 1st plural | sizokwethuka | esizokwethuka | sizokwethuka | asizukwethuka | esingezukwethuka | singezukwethuka |
| 2nd plural | nizokwethuka | enizokwethuka | nizokwethuka | anizukwethuka | eningezukwethuka | ningezukwethuka |
| Class 1 | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | ezokwethuka | akazukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | engezukwethuka |
| Class 2 | bazokwethuka | abazokwethuka | bezokwethuka | abazukwethuka | abangezukwethuka | bengezukwethuka |
| Class 3 | uzokwethuka | ozokwethuka | uzokwethuka | awuzukwethuka | ongezukwethuka | ungezukwethuka |
| Class 4 | izokwethuka | ezokwethuka | izokwethuka | ayizukwethuka | engezukwethuka | ingezukwethuka |
| Class 5 | lizokwethuka | elizokwethuka | lizokwethuka | alizukwethuka | elingezukwethuka | lingezukwethuka |
| Class 6 | azokwethuka | azokwethuka | ezokwethuka | awazukwethuka | angezukwethuka | engezukwethuka |
| Class 7 | sizokwethuka | esizokwethuka | sizokwethuka | asizukwethuka | esingezukwethuka | singezukwethuka |
| Class 8 | zizokwethuka | ezizokwethuka | zizokwethuka | azizukwethuka | ezingezukwethuka | zingezukwethuka |
| Class 9 | izokwethuka | ezokwethuka | izokwethuka | ayizukwethuka | engezukwethuka | ingezukwethuka |
| Class 10 | zizokwethuka | ezizokwethuka | zizokwethuka | azizukwethuka | ezingezukwethuka | zingezukwethuka |
| Class 11 | luzokwethuka | oluzokwethuka | luzokwethuka | aluzukwethuka | olungezukwethuka | lungezukwethuka |
| Class 14 | buzokwethuka | obuzokwethuka | buzokwethuka | abuzukwethuka | obungezukwethuka | bungezukwethuka |
| Class 15 | kuzokwethuka | okuzokwethuka | kuzokwethuka | akuzukwethuka | okungezukwethuka | kungezukwethuka |
| Class 17 | kuzokwethuka | okuzokwethuka | kuzokwethuka | akuzukwethuka | okungezukwethuka | kungezukwethuka |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyokwethuka | engiyokwethuka | ngiyokwethuka | angiyukwethuka | engingeyukwethuka | ngingeyukwethuka |
| 2nd singular | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | uyokwethuka | awuyukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | ungeyukwethuka |
| 1st plural | siyokwethuka | esiyokwethuka | siyokwethuka | asiyukwethuka | esingeyukwethuka | singeyukwethuka |
| 2nd plural | niyokwethuka | eniyokwethuka | niyokwethuka | aniyukwethuka | eningeyukwethuka | ningeyukwethuka |
| Class 1 | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | akayukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka |
| Class 2 | bayokwethuka | abayokwethuka | beyokwethuka | abayukwethuka | abangeyukwethuka | bengeyukwethuka |
| Class 3 | uyokwethuka | oyokwethuka | uyokwethuka | awuyukwethuka | ongeyukwethuka | ungeyukwethuka |
| Class 4 | iyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | iyokwethuka | ayiyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka | ingeyukwethuka |
| Class 5 | liyokwethuka | eliyokwethuka | liyokwethuka | aliyukwethuka | elingeyukwethuka | lingeyukwethuka |
| Class 6 | ayokwethuka | ayokwethuka | eyokwethuka | awayukwethuka | angeyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka |
| Class 7 | siyokwethuka | esiyokwethuka | siyokwethuka | asiyukwethuka | esingeyukwethuka | singeyukwethuka |
| Class 8 | ziyokwethuka | eziyokwethuka | ziyokwethuka | aziyukwethuka | ezingeyukwethuka | zingeyukwethuka |
| Class 9 | iyokwethuka | eyokwethuka | iyokwethuka | ayiyukwethuka | engeyukwethuka | ingeyukwethuka |
| Class 10 | ziyokwethuka | eziyokwethuka | ziyokwethuka | aziyukwethuka | ezingeyukwethuka | zingeyukwethuka |
| Class 11 | luyokwethuka | oluyokwethuka | luyokwethuka | aluyukwethuka | olungeyukwethuka | lungeyukwethuka |
| Class 14 | buyokwethuka | obuyokwethuka | buyokwethuka | abuyukwethuka | obungeyukwethuka | bungeyukwethuka |
| Class 15 | kuyokwethuka | okuyokwethuka | kuyokwethuka | akuyukwethuka | okungeyukwethuka | kungeyukwethuka |
| Class 17 | kuyokwethuka | okuyokwethuka | kuyokwethuka | akuyukwethuka | okungeyukwethuka | kungeyukwethuka |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngethuke | ngingethuki |
| 2nd singular | wethuke | ungethuki |
| 1st plural | sethuke | singethuki |
| 2nd plural | nethuke | ningethuki |
| Class 1 | ethuke | angethuki |
| Class 2 | bethuke | bangethuki |
| Class 3 | wethuke | ungethuki |
| Class 4 | yethuke | ingethuki |
| Class 5 | lethuke | lingethuki |
| Class 6 | ethuke | angethuki |
| Class 7 | sethuke | singethuki |
| Class 8 | zethuke | zingethuki |
| Class 9 | yethuke | ingethuki |
| Class 10 | zethuke | zingethuki |
| Class 11 | lwethuke | lungethuki |
| Class 14 | bethuke | bungethuki |
| Class 15 | kwethuke | kungethuki |
| Class 17 | kwethuke | kungethuki |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngethuka | ngangethuka, angethuka, angangethuka |
| 2nd singular | wethuka | wangethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| 1st plural | sethuka | sangethuka, asethuka, asangethuka |
| 2nd plural | nethuka | nangethuka, anethuka, anangethuka |
| Class 1 | wethuka | wangethuka, akethuka, akangethuka |
| Class 2 | bethuka | bangethuka, abethuka, abangethuka |
| Class 3 | wethuka | wangethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| Class 4 | yethuka | yangethuka, ayethuka, ayangethuka |
| Class 5 | lethuka | langethuka, alethuka, alangethuka |
| Class 6 | ethuka | angethuka, awethuka, awangethuka |
| Class 7 | sethuka | sangethuka, asethuka, asangethuka |
| Class 8 | zethuka | zangethuka, azethuka, azangethuka |
| Class 9 | yethuka | yangethuka, ayethuka, ayangethuka |
| Class 10 | zethuka | zangethuka, azethuka, azangethuka |
| Class 11 | lwethuka | lwangethuka, alwethuka, alwangethuka |
| Class 14 | bethuka | bangethuka, abethuka, abangethuka |
| Class 15 | kwethuka | kwangethuka, akwethuka, akwangethuka |
| Class 17 | kwethuka | kwangethuka, akwethuka, akwangethuka |

#### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ethuka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ethuka (3.2.9)”