# 金剛石
## Chinese

* 金剛石

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīngāngshí
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ ㄍㄤ ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gam$^1$ gong$^1$ sek$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-kong-sa̍k
* Northern Min (KCR): géng-gó̤ng-ciō̤
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kim-kong-chio̍h
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīngāngshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄍㄤ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jingangshíh
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^1$-kang$^1$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: jīn-gāng-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingangshyr
*** Palladius: цзиньганши (czinʹganši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gam$^1$ gong$^1$ sek$^6$
*** Yale: gām gōng sehk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gam$^1$ gong$^1$ sek$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gem$^1$ gong$^1$ ség$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐm⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-kong-sa̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: gim$^ˊ$ gong sag
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gim$^1$ gong$^4$ sag$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ⁵⁵ sak̚⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: géng-gó̤ng-ciō̤
*** Sinological IPA : /keiŋ⁵⁴ kɔŋ⁵⁴ t͡siɔ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-kong-chio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: kim-kong-tsio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kimkongcioih
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ kɔŋ³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kim kang dzyek
Rime :
| Character | 金 | 剛 | 石 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) | 唐 (101) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I | III |
| Fanqie | 居吟切 | 古郎切 | 常隻切 |
| Baxter | kim | kang | dzyek |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠiɪm/ | /kɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚim/ | /kɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiem/ | /kɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kjim/ | /kaŋ/ | /d͡ʑiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kjəm/ | /kɑŋ/ | /ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭĕm/ | /kɑŋ/ | /ʑĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ki̯əm/ | /kɑŋ/ | /ʑi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jīn | gāng | shí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gam$^1$ | gong$^1$ | sik$^6$ |

### Noun

金剛石
* diamond
    From: 唐劉餗《隋唐嘉話》卷中
    Zhēnguān zhì zhōng yǒu póluósēng yán dé fóchǐ, suǒ jī qián wú jiānwù...... (Fù Yì) wén zhī, wèi qí zǐ yuē: “Shì fēi fóchǐ. Wú wén jīngāngshí jiān, wù bùnéng dí, wéi língyáng jiǎo pò zhī. Rǔ kě wǎng shì zhī yān.” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 鑽石／钻石 (zuànshí)
* (Hokkien) 璇石, 火璇

#### See also

* 金剛烷／金刚烷 (jīngāngwán)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 金 | 剛 | 石 |
| こん Grade: 1 | ごう Grade: S | せき Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |||

### Etymology

Compound of 金剛 (kongō, “adamant, extremely strong”) +‎ 石 (seki, “stone”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こんごーせき [kòńgóꜜòsèkì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [kõ̞ŋɡo̞ːse̞kʲi]

### Noun

金(こん)剛(ごう)石(せき) • (kongōseki)
* (mineralogy, gems) a diamond

#### Usage notes

Less commonly used than the English-derived term ダイヤモンド (daiyamondo).

#### Synonyms

* ギヤマン (giyaman)
* ダイヤモンド (daiyamondo)
* ダイヤ (daiya)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN