# 頂戴
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǐngdài
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄞˋ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): téng-tài
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǐngdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǐngdài
*** Wade–Giles: ting$^3$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: dǐng-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diingday
*** Palladius: диндай (dindaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: téng-tài
*** Tâi-lô: tíng-tài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: defngdaix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/

### Verb

頂戴
* (archaic) to salute; to be thankful

### Noun

頂戴
* (historical) official cap button in the Qing Dynasty

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 頂 | 戴 |
| ちょう Grade: 6 | だい Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 頂戴 (MC tengX tojH). Compare modern Mandarin 頂戴／顶戴 (dǐngdài).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちょーだい [chòódáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [t͡ɕo̞ːda̠i]

### Noun

頂(ちょう)戴(だい) • (chōdai)
* (humble, formal, archaic) a humble submission, a humble contribution made to someone of higher status
* (humble, formal, archaic) a humble reception or receiving of something
* (informal) to request: compare English please, gimme
    このバラちょうだい。
       Kono bara chōdai.
       I'll have these roses. / Please give me these roses.
    スプーンちょうだい。
       Supūn chōdai.
       Gimme the spoon.
    ここに名前(なまえ)を書(か)いてちょうだい。
       Koko ni namae o kaite chōdai.
       Please write your name here.

#### Usage notes

When used as please or gimme, this is used as a kind of command form. This imperative sense is added after the desired noun with the object particle を (​o) optional, or after the て (​te) or conjunctive form of the desired verb. This usage is almost always written in hiragana, and is mostly used by women and children.
The other usages are generally written in kanji.

#### Synonyms

* (please give me, for nouns): 下さい (ください, ​kudasai)
* (please, for verbs): 下さい (ください, ​kudasai) (after -te form of verb)

#### Derived terms

* 頂戴物 (ちょうだいもの, ​chōdaimono): a gift

### Verb

頂(ちょう)戴(だい)する • (chōdai suru) transitive suru (stem 頂(ちょう)戴(だい)し (chōdai shi), past 頂(ちょう)戴(だい)した (chōdai shita))
* (humble, formal) to receive something
    先月(せんげつ)は結構(けっこう)なものを頂戴(ちょうだい)して誠(まこと)にありがとうございました。
       Sengetsu wa kekkō na mono o chōdai shite makoto ni arigatō gozaimashita.
       Thank you very much for quite the gift I received [from you] last month.
* to eat, to have a meal
    腹一杯(はらいっぱい)頂戴(ちょうだい)しました。
       Hara ippai chōdai shimashita.
       I've eaten my fill.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 頂戴し | ちょうだいし | chōdai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 頂戴し | ちょうだいし | chōdai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 頂戴する | ちょうだいする | chōdai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 頂戴する | ちょうだいする | chōdai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 頂戴すれ | ちょうだいすれ | chōdai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 頂戴せよ¹ 頂戴しろ² | ちょうだいせよ¹ ちょうだいしろ² | chōdai seyo¹ chōdai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 頂戴される | ちょうだいされる | chōdai sareru |
| Causative | 頂戴させる 頂戴さす | ちょうだいさせる ちょうだいさす | chōdai saseru chōdai sasu |
| Potential | 頂戴できる | ちょうだいできる | chōdai dekiru |
| Volitional | 頂戴しよう | ちょうだいしよう | chōdai shiyō |
| Negative | 頂戴しない | ちょうだいしない | chōdai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 頂戴せず | ちょうだいせず | chōdai sezu |
| Formal | 頂戴します | ちょうだいします | chōdai shimasu |
| Perfective | 頂戴した | ちょうだいした | chōdai shita |
| Conjunctive | 頂戴して | ちょうだいして | chōdai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 頂戴すれば | ちょうだいすれば | chōdai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Synonyms

* 頂く (いただく, ​itadaku)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN