# 流離
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liúlí
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lau$^4$ lei$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù-lì
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liúlí
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lióulí
*** Wade–Giles: liu$^2$-li$^2$
*** Yale: lyóu-lí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liouli
*** Palladius: люли (ljuli)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯oʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$流離／流离 琉璃
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lau$^4$ lei$^4$
*** Yale: làuh lèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lau$^4$ lei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: leo$^4$ léi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐu̯²¹ lei̯²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$流離／流离 琉璃
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù-lì
*** Hakka Romanization System: liu$^ˇ$ li$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liu$^2$ li$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹ li¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: ljuw lje
Rime :
| Character | 流 | 離 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 力求切 | 呂支切 |
| Baxter | ljuw | lje |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨu/ | /liᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liu/ | /liɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liəu/ | /ljɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /luw/ | /liə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /liu/ | /lie/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭəu/ | /lǐe/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /li̯ə̯u/ | /lie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liú | lí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lau$^4$ | lei$^4$ |

#### Verb

流離
* to wander about homeless; to live as a refugee

##### Synonyms

* 沒落／没落 (mòluò) (literary)
* 流浪 (liúlàng)
* 流落 (liúluò)
* 流蕩／流荡 (liúdàng)
* 淪落／沦落 (lúnluò)
* 漂泊 (piāobó)
* 飄蕩／飘荡 (piāodàng)

##### Derived terms

* 流離失所／流离失所 (liúlíshīsuǒ)
* 流離朗蕩／流离朗荡
* 流離顛沛／流离颠沛
* 瑣尾流離／琐尾流离
* 顛沛流離／颠沛流离 (diānpèiliúlí)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 流離 – see 琉璃 (“a kind of blue and translucent natural precious stone, probably lapis lazuli; etc.”). (This term is an obsolete form of 琉璃).

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 流 | 離 |
| りゅう Grade: 3 | り Grade: S |
| kan'on | on'yomi |

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) りゅうり [ryúꜜùrì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾʲɨːɾʲi]

#### Noun

流(りゅう)離(り) • (ryūri)
* wandering around a foreign country
    Synonym: 流浪 (rurō)
** 1941, Shirō Kunieda, Sekai no ura‎:
    しかし、ハンニバルは、貴(き)族(ぞく)、富(ふ)豪(ごう)、特(とっ)権(けん)階(かい)級(きゅう)の集(あつ)まりであるところの、最(さい)高(こう)政(せい)治(じ)機(き)関(かん)の元(げん)老(ろう)院(いん)、及(およ)びそれに追(つい)随(ずい)するある衆(しゅう)愚(ぐ)の排(はい)撃(げき)によって、故(こ)国(こく)を去(さ)り、流(りゅう)離(り)の後(のち)に自(じ)殺(さつ)した。
       Shikashi, Hannibaru wa, kizoku, fugō, tokken kaikyū no atsumari de aru tokoro no, saikō seiji kikan no genrōin, oyobi sore ni tsuizui suru aru shūgu no haigeki ni yotte, kokoku o sari, ryūri no nochi ni jisatsu shita.
       However, Hannibal got rejected by the Senate, the highest political institution which is a group of the nobility, the rich, and the privileged, and a certain ignorant mass which follows it. Therefore, he left his homeland, and committed suicide after the wandering.

#### Verb

流(りゅう)離(り)する • (ryūri suru) intransitive suru (stem 流(りゅう)離(り)し (ryūri shi), past 流(りゅう)離(り)した (ryūri shita))
* to wander around a foreign country
    Synonym: 流浪する (rurō suru)

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 流離し | りゅうりし | ryūri shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 流離し | りゅうりし | ryūri shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 流離する | りゅうりする | ryūri suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 流離する | りゅうりする | ryūri suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 流離すれ | りゅうりすれ | ryūri sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 流離せよ¹ 流離しろ² | りゅうりせよ¹ りゅうりしろ² | ryūri seyo¹ ryūri shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 流離される | りゅうりされる | ryūri sareru |
| Causative | 流離させる 流離さす | りゅうりさせる りゅうりさす | ryūri saseru ryūri sasu |
| Potential | 流離できる | りゅうりできる | ryūri dekiru |
| Volitional | 流離しよう | りゅうりしよう | ryūri shiyō |
| Negative | 流離しない | りゅうりしない | ryūri shinai |
| Negative continuative | 流離せず | りゅうりせず | ryūri sezu |
| Formal | 流離します | りゅうりします | ryūri shimasu |
| Perfective | 流離した | りゅうりした | ryūri shita |
| Conjunctive | 流離して | りゅうりして | ryūri shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 流離すれば | りゅうりすれば | ryūri sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 流 | 離 |
| さすらい ||
| Grade: 3 | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 流離 – see the following entry. :
| 【さすらい】 | [noun] wandering; homelessness Alternative spelling 流浪 |
(This term, 流離, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 流 | 離 |

### Noun

流離 • (yuri) (hangeul 유리)
* hanja form of 유리