# Ἀθηναΐς
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē, “Athena”) +‎ -ῐς (-is)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.tʰɛː.na.ís/ → /a.θi.naˈis/ → /a.θi.naˈis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.tʰɛː.na.ís/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.tʰe̝.naˈis/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.θi.naˈis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.θi.naˈis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.θi.naˈis/

### Proper noun

Ἀθηνᾰΐς • (Athēnaḯs) f (genitive Ἀθηνᾰΐδος); third declension
* a female given name, equivalent to French Athénaïs
** Ἀθηναῒς Ἐρυθραία (fl. mid-to-late 4th century B.C.E.), a prophetess who asserted Alexander the Great’s descent from Zeus
*** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 14.1.34:ἐκ δ’ Ἐρυθρῶν Σίβυλλά ἐστιν, ἔνθους καὶ μαντικὴ γυνὴ τῶν ἀρχαίων τις· κατ’ Ἀλέξανδρον δὲ ἄλλη ἦν τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον μαντική, καλουμένη Ἀθηναΐς, ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς πόλεως· καὶ καθ’ ἡμᾶς Ἡρακλείδης Ἡροφίλειος ἰατρὸς συσχολαστὴς Ἀπολλωνίου τοῦ Μυός.ek d’ Eruthrôn Síbullá estin, énthous kaì mantikḕ gunḕ tôn arkhaíōn tis; kat’ Aléxandron dè állē ên tòn autòn trópon mantikḗ, kalouménē Athēnaḯs, ek tês autês póleōs; kaì kath’ hēmâs Hērakleídēs Hērophíleios iatròs suskholastḕs Apollōníou toû Muós.1903 translation by William FalconerErythræ was the native place of the Sibyl, an ancient inspired prophetess. In the time of Alexander there was another Sibyl, who was also a prophetess, whose name was Athenais, a native of the same city; and in our age there was Heracleides the Herophilian physician, a native of Erythræ, a fellow-student of Apollonius surnamed Mus.
*** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 17.1.43:προστραγῳδεῖ δὲ τούτοις ὁ Καλλισθένης, ὅτι τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τὸ ἐν Βραγχίδαις μαντεῖον ἐκλελοιπότος, ἐξ ὅτου τὸ ἱερὸν ὑπὸ τῶν Βραγχιδῶν σεσύλητο ἐπὶ Ξέρξου περσισάντων, ἐκλελοιπυίας δὲ καὶ τῆς κρήνης, τότε ἥ τε κρήνη ἀνάσχοι καὶ μαντεῖα πολλὰ οἱ Μιλησίων πρέσβεις κομίσαιεν εἰς Μέμφιν περὶ τῆς ἐκ Διὸς γενέσεως τοῦ Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ τῆς ἐσομένης περὶ Ἄρβηλα νίκης καὶ τοῦ Δαρείου θανάτου καὶ τῶν ἐν Λακεδαίμονι νεωτερισμῶν· περὶ δὲ τῆς εὐγενείας καὶ τὴν Ἐρυθραίαν Ἀθηναΐδα φησὶν ἀνειπεῖν· καὶ γὰρ ταύτην ὁμοίαν γενέσθαι τῇ παλαιᾷ Σιβύλλῃ τῇ Ἐρυθραίᾳ.prostragōideî dè toútois ho Kallisthénēs, hóti toû Apóllōnos tò en Brankhídais manteîon ekleloipótos, ex hótou tò hieròn hupò tôn Brankhidôn sesúlēto epì Xérxou persisántōn, ekleloipuías dè kaì tês krḗnēs, tóte hḗ te krḗnē anáskhoi kaì manteîa pollà hoi Milēsíōn présbeis komísaien eis Mémphin perì tês ek Diòs genéseōs toû Alexándrou kaì tês esoménēs perì Árbēla níkēs kaì toû Dareíou thanátou kaì tôn en Lakedaímoni neōterismôn; perì dè tês eugeneías kaì tḕn Eruthraían Athēnaḯda phēsìn aneipeîn; kaì gàr taútēn homoían genésthai têi palaiâi Sibúllēi têi Eruthraíāi.1903 translation by William FalconerCallisthenes adds, (after the exaggerating style of tragedy,) that when Apollo had deserted the oracle among the Branchidæ, on the temple being plundered by the Branchidæ (who espoused the party of the Persians in the time of Xerxes,) and the spring had failed, it then re-appeared (on the arrival of Alexander); that the ambassadors also of the Milesians carried back to Memphis numerous answers of the oracle respecting the descent of Alexander from Jupiter, and the future victory which he should obtain at Arbela, the death of Darius, and the political changes at Lacedæmon. He says also that the Erythræan Athenais, who resembled the ancient Erythræan Sibyl, had declared the high descent of Alexander.
** Ἀθηναῒς Φιλόστοργος Αʹ, a Greek noblewoman who became Queen of Cappadocia during the reign of her husband, King Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios (r. 95–63/62 B.C.E.)
*** 63–51 B.C.E., Inscriptiones Graecae 22.3426:βασιλέα Ἀριοβαρζάνην Φιλοπάτορα τὸν ἐκ βασιλέως | Ἀριοβαρζάνου Φιλορωμαίου καὶ βασιλίσσης | Ἀθηναίδος Φιλοστόργου οἱ κατασταθέντες | ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ ὠιδείου κατασκευὴν | Γάιος καὶ Μᾶρκος Στάλλιοι Γαίου ὑοὶ καὶ | Μενάλιππος ἑαυτῶν εὐεργέτην.basiléa Ariobarzánēn Philopátora tòn ek basiléōs | Ariobarzánou Philorōmaíou kaì basilíssēs | Athēnaídos Philostórgou hoi katastathéntes | hup’ autoû epì tḕn toû ōideíou kataskeuḕn | Gáios kaì Mârkos Stállioi Gaíou huoì kaì | Menálippos heautôn euergétēn.1984 translation by Robert Kenneth SherkKing Ariobarzanes Philopator, son of King | Ariobarzanes Philoromaios and of Queen | Athenais Philostorgos, [is honored by] those who had been commissioned | by him for the construction of the Odeion, ‖ Gaius and Marcus Stallius, sons of Gaius, and | Menalippos, as their benefactor.
** Ἀθηναῒς Φιλόστοργος Βʹ, a princess of Pontus who became Queen of Cappadocia during the reign of her husband, King Ariobarzanes II Philopator (r. 63/62–51 B.C.E.)
*** 52–42 B.C.E., Inscriptiones Graecae 22.3428:ὁ δῆμος / βασιλέα Ἀριοβαρζάνην Εὐσεβῆ Φιλο- / ρωμαῖον τὸν ἐκ βασιλέως Ἀριοβαρζά- / νου Φιλοπάτορος καὶ βασιλίσσης Ἀθη- / ναίδος Φιλοστόργου τὸν ἑαυτοῦ εὐ- / εργέτην ἀνέθηκεν.ho dêmos / basiléa Ariobarzánēn Eusebê Philo- / rōmaîon tòn ek basiléōs Ariobarzá- / nou Philopátoros kaì basilíssēs Athē- / naídos Philostórgou tòn heautoû eu- / ergétēn anéthēken.
** Μαρκία Κλαυδία Ἀλκία Ἀθηναῒς Γαβιδία Λατιαρία (C.E. 143–161), a Greek–Italian Roman noblewoman, daughter of Herodes Atticus
*** C.E. mid-2nd century, inscription IvO 625, reproduced in: Wilhelm Dittenberger and Karl Purgold (authors), Ernst Curtius and Friedrich Adler (editors), Olympia: Die Ergebniſſe der von dem Deutſchen Reich veranſtalteten Ausgrabung, Textband 5: Die Inſchriften von Olympia, Berlin: Verlag von A. Aſher & C$^o$, published 1896, →DOI, chapter VII. „Inſchriften aus der Exedra des Herodes Atticus.“, column 635:
    Μαρκίαν Κλαυδίαν Ἀλκίαν | Ἀθηναΐδα Γαβιδίαν Λατιαρίαν, | Ἡρώδου καὶ Ῥηγίλλης θυγατέρα, | ἡ πόλις ἡ τῶν Ἠλείων.Markían Klaudían Alkían | Athēnaḯda Gabidían Latiarían, | Hērṓdou kaì Rhēgíllēs thugatéra, | hē pólis hē tôn Ēleíōn.The city of the Eleians [honoured] Marcia Claudia Alcia Athenais Gavidia Latiaria, daughter of Herodes and Regilla.2021 translation by Przemysław Siekierka, Krystyna Stebnicka, and Aleksander Wolicki
** Ἀθηναῒς Ἱππάρχου (C.E. late 2nd–early 3rd centuries), a Greek–Italian Roman noblewoman, daughter of L. Vibullius Hipparchus and namesake of his mother, M. Claudia Athenaïs
*** C.E. 3rd century?, inscription IvO 628, reproduced in: Wilhelm Dittenberger and Karl Purgold (authors), Ernst Curtius and Friedrich Adler (editors), Olympia: Die Ergebniſſe der von dem Deutſchen Reich veranſtalteten Ausgrabung, Textband 5: Die Inſchriften von Olympia, Berlin: Verlag von A. Aſher & C$^o$, published 1896, →DOI, chapter VII. „Inſchriften aus der Exedra des Herodes Atticus.“, column 639:
    Ἀθηναῒς Ἱππάρχου | θυγάτηρ.Athēnaï̀s Hippárkhou | thugátēr.Athenaïs, Hipparchus’s | daughter.

#### Descendants

* → French: Athénaïs
* Greek: Αθηναΐς (Athinaḯs)