OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# はり
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はり – see the following entries. :
| 【針】6 | [noun] a sewing needle [noun] a sewing pin [noun] any slender, pointed object resembling or similar in use to a needle: [noun] a phonograph needle (in record players) [noun] a needle used in medical injections [noun] a knitting needle [noun] a stinger (in insects) [noun] a staple (wire fastener) [noun] (botany) a thorn [noun] (fishing) a hook, fishhook [noun] (by extension) a hand or pointer (in clocks, watches, meters, compasses, etc.) [noun] embroidery, needlework [noun] (figurative) malice [counter] counter for stitches [proper noun] a placename [proper noun] a surname Alternative spellings 鉤, 鈎 |
| 【張り】 | [noun] stretching [noun] tenseness; lack of wrinkles Alternative spelling ハリ |
| 【梁】J | [noun] beam, joist |
| 【玻璃】 | [noun] glass, crystal |
(This term, はり (hari), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as はり, see Category:Japanese kanji read as はり.) :
# はらをわる
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はらをわる – see the following entry. :
| 【腹を割る】 | [verb] (idiomatic) to be frank, to drop all pretense |
(This term, はらをわる (haraowaru), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# であう
## Japanese
### Verb

であう • (deau)
* 出会う: to meet by chance
# 競速滑冰
## Chinese

| | | to race; racing | to skate on ice; to roller-skate |
| trad. (競速滑冰) | trad. (競速滑冰) | 競速 | 滑冰 |
| simp. (竞速滑冰) | simp. (竞速滑冰) | 竞速 | 滑冰 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìngsù huábīng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄙㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄅㄧㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìngsù huábīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄙㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄅㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìngsù huábing
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^4$-su$^4$ hua$^2$-ping$^1$
*** Yale: jìng-sù hwá-bīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinqsuh hwabing
*** Palladius: цзинсу хуабин (czinsu xuabin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹ xu̯ä³⁵ piŋ⁵⁵/

### Noun

競速滑冰
* (Taiwan) speed skating
    Synonym: 速度滑冰 (sùdù huábīng)
# 矢鱈
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 矢 | 鱈 |
| や Grade: 2 (ateji) | たら Hyōgai (ateji) |
| kun'yomi ||

### Etymology

Probably a shortening of 八多羅拍子 (yatara-byōshi), a type of gagaku rhythm that features fast repeated double-time and triple-time passages which shift abruptly.
The kanji are an example of ateji (当て字), perhaps chosen also for the random juxtaposition of 矢 (ya, “arrow”) + 鱈 (tara, “codfish”).
First cited to a text from 1667.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) やたら [yàtárá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ja̠ta̠ɾa̠]

### Adjective

矢(や)鱈(たら) • (yatara) -na (adnominal 矢(や)鱈(たら)な (yatara na), adverbial 矢(や)鱈(たら)に (yatara ni))
* [from 1667] random

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 矢鱈だろ | やたらだろ | yatara daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 矢鱈で | やたらで | yatara de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 矢鱈だ | やたらだ | yatara da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 矢鱈な | やたらな | yatara na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 矢鱈なら | やたらなら | yatara nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 矢鱈であれ | やたらであれ | yatara de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 矢鱈ではない 矢鱈じゃない | やたらではない やたらじゃない | yatara de wa nai yatara ja nai |
| Informal past | 矢鱈だった | やたらだった | yatara datta |
| Informal negative past | 矢鱈ではなかった 矢鱈じゃなかった | やたらではなかった やたらじゃなかった | yatara de wa nakatta yatara ja nakatta |
| Formal | 矢鱈です | やたらです | yatara desu |
| Formal negative | 矢鱈ではありません 矢鱈じゃありません | やたらではありません やたらじゃありません | yatara de wa arimasen yatara ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 矢鱈でした | やたらでした | yatara deshita |
| Formal negative past | 矢鱈ではありませんでした 矢鱈じゃありませんでした | やたらではありませんでした やたらじゃありませんでした | yatara de wa arimasen deshita yatara ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 矢鱈で | やたらで | yatara de |
| Conditional | 矢鱈なら（ば） | やたらなら（ば） | yatara nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 矢鱈だったら | やたらだったら | yatara dattara |
| Volitional | 矢鱈だろう | やたらだろう | yatara darō |
| Adverbial | 矢鱈に | やたらに | yatara ni |
| Degree | 矢鱈さ | やたらさ | yatarasa |

### Adverb

矢(や)鱈(たら) • (yatara)
* [from 1699] randomly, rashly, thoughtlessly, absurdly, indiscriminately
    Synonyms: 無暗 (muyami), むちゃくちゃ (muchakucha), めちゃくしゃ (mechakucha)

#### Usage notes

As an adverb, may appear bare, with the adverbial particle と (to), or with the adverbial particle に (ni).

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# はりたおす
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はりたおす – see the following entry. :
| 【張り倒す】 | [verb] to knock down Alternative spellings 張倒す, 撲り倒す, 撲倒す |
(This term, はりたおす (haritaosu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# ウェディング
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* ウエディング (uedingu)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English wedding.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [β̞e̞dʲĩŋɡɯ̟]

### Noun

ウェディング • (wedingu)
* (only in compounds) wedding

#### Synonyms

* 結婚式(けっこんしき) (kekkonshiki)

#### Derived terms

* ウェディングドレス (wedingu doresu)
# ウェブサイト
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English website.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [β̞e̞bɯ̟sa̠ito̞]

### Noun

ウェブサイト • (webusaito)
* (Internet) a website
    Synonym: サイト (saito)

### See also

* ウェブ (Webu)
# どとう
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of どとう – see the following entries. :
| 【怒濤】 | [noun] surging waves Alternative spelling 怒涛 |
(This term, どとう (dotō), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
(The following entry is uncreated: 土塔.)
# どっちもどっち
## Japanese

* Alternative spelling
* 何方も何方

### Etymology

Compound of どっち +‎ も +‎ どっち.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [do̞t̚t͡ɕi mo̞ do̞t̚t͡ɕi]

### Phrase

どっちもどっち • (dotchi mo dotchi)
* neither is great; both are not so good

#### Synonyms

* D(ディー)D(ディー) (dīdī)

#### Derived terms

* どっちもどっち論(ろん) (dotchi mo dotchi ron)
# はるこ
## Japanese
### Proper noun

はるこ • (Haruko)
* 保, 治子, 栄子, 華子, 開子, 温子, 温心, 春子: a female given name
* 玄子, 元子, 浩子, 始子, 春湖, 春呼, 春香, 春児: a female given name
* 春心, 尚子, 榛湖, 榛子, 晴古, 晴己, 晴湖, 晴紅: a female given name
* 晴子, 晴心, 青湖, 青子, 暖子, 知子, 天湖, 東子: a female given name
* 久子, 美湖, 美子, 敏子, 鋪子, 明子, 遥湖, 遥子: a female given name
* 陽子, 流胡, 遼子, 晏湖, 遙子, 芳留子, 芳瑠子, 芳累子: a female given name
* 巴琉子, 波流子, 波留子, 波瑠子, 巴流子, 晴琉子, 初留子, 羽留子: a female given name
* 明美子, 葉瑠子: a female given name
# はるのななくさ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はるのななくさ – see the following entry. :
| 【春の七草】 | [noun] seven spring flowers |
(This term, はるのななくさ (harunonanakusa), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# 筑造
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 筑造 – see 築造 (“to build; to construct”). (This term is the simplified form of 築造).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# なんせん
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of なんせん – see the following entries. :
| 【南鮮】 | [proper noun] (historical, Japanese colonial era) Keishōnan-dō, Keishōhoku-dō, Zenranan-dō and Zenrahoku-dō [proper noun] (rare, post-WWII, now offensive) Synonym of 韓国 (Kankoku, “South Korea”) |
(This term, なんせん (nansen), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
(The following entries are uncreated: 難船, 難戦.)
# なんぜん
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of なんぜん – see the following entry. :
| 【何千】 | [noun] thousands |
(This term, なんぜん (nanzen), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# なんせい
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of なんせい – see the following entries. :
| 【南西】 | [noun] southwest |
| 【軟性】 | [noun] softness, the quality of being soft [noun] flexibility, the quality of being flexible or pliable |
(This term, なんせい (nansei), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) :
# サボタージュ
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* サボタージ (sabotāji)

### Etymology

Borrowed from French sabotage or English sabotage.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) サボタージュ [sàbótáꜜàjù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [sa̠bo̞ta̠ːʑɨ]

### Noun

サボタージュ • (sabotāju)
* sabotage
* slowdown; go-slow

### Verb

サボタージュする • (sabotāju suru) intransitive suru (stem サボタージュし (sabotāju shi), past サボタージュした (sabotāju shita))
* to sabotage
* to engage in a slowdown

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | サボタージュし | sabotāju shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | サボタージュし | sabotāju shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | サボタージュする | sabotāju suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | サボタージュする | sabotāju suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | サボタージュすれ | sabotāju sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | サボタージュせよ¹ サボタージュしろ² | sabotāju seyo¹ sabotāju shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | サボタージュされる | sabotāju sareru |
| Causative | サボタージュさせる サボタージュさす | sabotāju saseru sabotāju sasu |
| Potential | サボタージュできる | sabotāju dekiru |
| Volitional | サボタージュしよう | sabotāju shiyō |
| Negative | サボタージュしない | sabotāju shinai |
| Negative continuative | サボタージュせず | sabotāju sezu |
| Formal | サボタージュします | sabotāju shimasu |
| Perfective | サボタージュした | sabotāju shita |
| Conjunctive | サボタージュして | sabotāju shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | サボタージュすれば | sabotāju sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Synonyms

* サボタージ (sabotāji)
* (sabotage): 破(は)壊(かい)工(こう)作(さく) (hakai kōsaku)
* (sabotage): 破(は)壊(かい)活(かつ)動(どう) (hakai katsudō)

#### Related terms

* サボる (saboru)

### References

* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# サプライヤー
## Japanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English supplier.

### Noun

サプライヤー • (sapuraiyā)
* supplier
# めんよう
## Japanese
### Adjective

めんよう • (men'yō) -na (adnominal めんような (men'yō na), adverbial めんように (men'yō ni))
* 面妖: mysterious, remarkable

### Noun

めんよう • (men'yō)
* 綿羊: sheep

### Proper noun

めんよう • (Men'yō)
* 綿陽: Mianyang, city in Sichuan province, China
# めんもくやくじょ
## Japanese
### Adverb

めんもくやくじょ • (menmoku yakujo)
* 面目躍如: in accordance with (one's) reputation
# 简明
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 简明 – see 簡明 (“succinct; concise; brief; to the point; simple and clear”). (This term is the simplified form of 簡明).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 简易
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 简易 – see 簡易 (“simple and easy; simple and crude; unsophisticated”). (This term is the simplified form of 簡易).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# プライバシー
## Japanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English privacy.
First attested in 1949.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) プライバシー [pùráꜜìbàshìì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [pɯ̟ɾa̠iba̠ɕiː]

### Noun

プライバシー • (puraibashī)
* [from 1949] privacy
    プライバシーポリシー
       puraibashī porishī
       privacy policy
    プライバシーを侵害(しんがい)する
       puraibashī o shingai suru
       to violate [someone's] privacy
** 1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “第三話　はね子がポルノを‼ [Chapter 3: Haneko Does Porn‼]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第三章　中年スーパーマン左江内氏, page 399:
    おまえが悪(わる)い　子(こ)どもといえども独(どく)立(りつ)した人(じん)格(かく)だ　プライバシーはみとめてやらにゃ
       O-mae ga warui Kodomo to iedomo dokuritsu shita jinkaku da Puraibashī wa mitomete yara nya
       What you did was wrong. She’s a kid but she’s becoming independent. You’ve got to respect her privacy.
* private matter; intimate affairs
    プライバシーを晒(さら)す
       puraibashī o sarasu
       to expose someone's private matters

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “プライバシー”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
* 1 2 “プライバシー”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 神宮
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 神 | 宮 |
| かむ Grade: 3 | みや Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 神宮 (kyūjitai)
/kamumi$_1$ya/ → /kamumiya/. A compound of 神 (kamu, “god”) +‎ 宮 (miya, “building”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ka̠mɯ̟mʲija̠]

#### Noun

神(かむ)宮(みや) • (kamumiya)
* a building that enshrines a god

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 神 | 宮 |
| かん Grade: 3 | みや Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 神宮 (kyūjitai)
/kamumi$_1$ya/ → /kamumiya/ → [kammiya] → /kanmiya/. From 神宮 (kamumi$_1$ya).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kã̠mʲːija̠]

#### Noun

神(かん)宮(みや) • (kanmiya)
* a building that enshrines a god

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 神 | 宮 |
| じん Grade: 3 | ぐう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 神宮 (kyūjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じんぐう [jìńgúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [d͡ʑĩŋɡɯ̟ː]

#### Noun

神(じん)宮(ぐう) • (jingū)
* a building that enshrines a god
** 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 363:Iingû. ジングゥ (神宮) Cami Miya. (神宮) 神(Cami)の社.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* the title for a high ranking shrine

#### Proper noun

神(じん)宮(ぐう) • (Jingū)
* Ise Jingū

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
# デモたい
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of デモたい – see the following entry. :
| 【デモ隊】 | [noun] group of demonstrators (protesters) |
(This term, デモたい (demotai), is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# デュ
## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dʲɨ]

### Syllable

デュ • (dyu)
* The katakana syllable デュ (dyu). Its equivalent in hiragana is でゅ (dyu).

#### Usage notes

The katakana syllabary is used primarily for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of gairaigo (loan words), as well as to represent onomatopoeias, technical and scientific terms, and the names of plants, animals, and minerals. It is also occasionally used in some words for emphasis, or to ease reading; katakana may be preferred for words becoming buried in the text if they are written under their canonical form in hiragana. Names of Japanese companies, as well as certain Japanese language words such as colloquial terms, are also sometimes written in katakana rather than the other systems. Formerly, female given names were often written in katakana.
# ボウラー
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English bowler.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ボーラー [bóꜜòràà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [bo̞ːɾa̠ː]

### Noun

ボウラー • (bōrā)
* (bowling) a bowler
* (cricket) Synonym of 投手 (tōshu, “bowler”)

### See also

* ボウリング (bōringu)
# ボウル
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* ボール (bōru)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English bowl.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ボール [bòórú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bo̞ːɾɯ̟]

### Noun

ボウル • (bōru)
* a bowl

#### Usage notes

Depending on the size and shape, this may be synonymous with native terms 鉢 (hachi, “pot”) or 椀 (wan, “bowl; dish”). The borrowed term ボウル appears to be used more broadly.

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
# やむ終えない
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 終
* お Grade: 3
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ja̠mɯ̟ o̞e̞na̠i]

### Phrase

やむ終(お)えない • (yamu oenai)
* Eggcorn of 止むを得ない (yamu o enai, “have no choice but to”).
# 箬甲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hio̍h-kah
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio̍h-kah
*** Tâi-lô: hio̍h-kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hioiqkaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kaʔ³²/

### Noun

箬甲
* (Xiamen Hokkien, botany) petiole; leaf stalk

#### Synonyms

* 葉柄／叶柄 (yèbǐng)
# 箬下紅
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hio̍h-ě-âng / hio̍h-ēe-âng
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio̍h-ě-âng
*** Tâi-lô: hio̍h-ě-âng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² e²² aŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio̍h-ēe-âng
*** Tâi-lô: hio̍h-ēe-âng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ɛ²²⁻²¹ aŋ¹³/

### Noun

箬下紅
* (Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) a kind of herbal medicine used to relieve inflammation
# リース
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English wreath.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾʲiːsɨ]

#### Noun

リース • (rīsu)
* wreath

##### Synonyms

* 花(はな)輪(わ) (hanawa)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English lease.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾʲiːsɨ]

#### Noun

リース • (rīsu)
* lease

##### Synonyms

* 賃(ちん)貸(たい) (chintai)
* レンタル (rentaru)
# ミュール
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English mule.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ミュール [myùúrú] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) ミュール [myúꜜùrù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [mʲɨːɾɯ̟]

### Noun

ミュール • (myūru)
* (footwear) mule (shoe)
** 2008 April 8, Gosho Aoyama, “ＦＩＬＥ(ファイル).２(に)　瞬(しゅん)間(かん)移(い)動(どう) [File 2: Teleportation]”, in 名(めい)探(たん)偵(てい)コナン [Legendary Detective Conan], volume 61 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:伝(でん)説(せつ)のミュール紫紅の爪(パープル・ネイル)…この通(とお)り確(たし)かに頂(ちょう)戴(だい)いたしました！Densetsu no myūru Pāpuru Neiru… Kono tōri tashika ni chōdai itashimashita!These legendary mules, the Purple Nails… I’m taking them for sure this time around!

### See also

* 騾(ラ)馬(バ) (raba, “mule (animal)”)

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# ㄓ

| ㄓ | U+3113, &#12563; BOPOMOFO LETTER ZH |
| ← ㄒ [U+3112] | Bopomofo | ㄔ → [U+3114] |

## Translingual
### Letter

ㄓ
* type: initial consonant
* general transliteration: zh
* keyboard key: 5

#### Descendants
## Chinese

* ㄓ

### Glyph origin

Derived from 㞢, a historic form of 之 (zhī) (Mandarin: zhī).

### Etymology

Initial consonant derived from 之 (zhī) (Mandarin: zhī) + rhyme.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhī (zhi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhī
*** Zhuyin: ㄓ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhih
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^1$
*** Yale: jr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
* (when followed by a rhyme) Phoneme: Audio (Pinyin); “zh” /ʈ͡ʂ/:(file)
* (when standing alone) Phoneme: Audio (Pinyin); “zhi” /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩/:(file)
    alt. forms: ㄓㄭ obsolete, analytic
* (Hakka) Phoneme: IPA: /t͡ʃ/ (Pinyin: zh)

### Letter

ㄓ
* 15th letter of the Zhuyin alphabet
* 23rd letter of the extended Zhuyin alphabet

### References

* 全國主要方言區方音對照表, Chinese Character Reform Commission, Beijing: ZhonghuaBook Company, 1954
* Unicode Bopomofo block description: https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U3100.pdf

## Northern Qiandong Miao
### Pronunciation

* Phoneme: IPA: /ʈ͡ʂ/

### Letter

ㄓ (ts) (Hutton)
* 18th letter of the Hmu Zhuyin alphabet

### References

* Joakim Enwall, A Myth Become Reality Vol.1 (Stockholm, 1994) page 198
# ジャカジャカ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of ジャカジャカ – see the following entry. :
| 【じゃかじゃか】 | [adverb] Onomatopoeia for noisily playing an instrument. [adverb] Onomatopoeia for something happening vigorously. |
(This term, ジャカジャカ (jakajaka), is the katakana spelling of the above term.) :
# ジャカルタ
## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ジャカルタ [jàkáꜜrùtà] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [d͡ʑa̠ka̠ɾɯ̟ta̠]

### Proper noun

ジャカルタ • (Jakaruta)
* Jakarta (the capital city of Indonesia)
* Jakarta (a province of Indonesia, containing the capital city)

#### Related terms

* ジャガイモ (jagaimo)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# ジャガー
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English jaguar.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ジャガー [jáꜜgàà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [d͡ʑa̠ɡa̠ː]

### Noun

ジャガー • (jagā)
* a jaguar
    Synonym: アメリカヒョウ (Amerika hyō)
# ジャクソン
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English Jackson.

### Proper noun

ジャクソン • (Jakuson)
* Jackson (the capital city of Mississippi, United States and one of the two county seats of Hinds County)
* Jackson (a city in Alabama)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Amador County, California)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Butts County, Georgia, United States)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Breathitt County, Kentucky)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Jackson County, Michigan)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Jackson County, Minnesota)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Cape Girardeau County, Missouri)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Jackson County, Ohio)
* Jackson (a city, the county seat of Madison County, Tennessee)
# ガソリン
## Japanese
### Etymology

From American English gasoline.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ガソリン [gàsóríń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡa̠so̞ɾʲĩɴ]

### Noun

ガソリン • (gasorin)
* gasoline (motor fuel)
    Synonym: 揮発油 (kihatsuyu)

### See also

* ガス (gasu)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 篡改
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cuàngǎi
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄢˋ ㄍㄞˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saan$^3$ goi$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhoàn-kái
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cuàngǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄢˋ ㄍㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cuàngǎi
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻuan$^4$-kai$^3$
*** Yale: tswàn-gǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuanngae
*** Palladius: цуаньгай (cuanʹgaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯än⁵¹ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$竄改／窜改 篡改
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saan$^3$ goi$^2$
*** Yale: saan gói
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saan$^3$ goi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: san$^3$ goi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːn³³ kɔːi̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoàn-kái
*** Tâi-lô: tshuàn-kái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoarnkae
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuan²¹⁻⁵³ kai⁵³/

### Verb

篡改
* to doctor; to falsify; to distort
* (computing) to tamper with
    篡改代碼／篡改代码 ― cuàngǎi dàimǎ ― to tamper with code

#### Synonyms

* (to doctor):
* 改竄／改窜 (gǎicuàn) (obsolete)
* 竄改／窜改 (cuàngǎi)
# 篠竹
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 篠 | 竹 |
| ささ Jinmeiyō | たけ > だけ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しのだけ [shìnóꜜdàkè] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [ɕino̞da̠ke̞]

#### Noun

篠竹(しのだけ) • (shinodake)
* bamboo grass

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 篠 | 竹 |
| すず Jinmeiyō | たけ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) すずたけ [sùzúꜜtàkè] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [sɨzɨta̠ke̞]

#### Noun

篠(すず)竹(たけ) • (suzutake)
* Sasa borealis (a species of bamboo grass)
    Synonym: 篠 (suzu)

##### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スズタケ.

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 篠 | 竹 |
| ささ Jinmeiyō | たけ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 篠竹 – see the following entry. :
| 【笹竹ささたけ】 | [noun] small bamboo |
(This term, 篠竹, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN