OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# سبانخ
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* إِسْفَانَاخ (ʔisfānāḵ), إِسْفَنَاخ (ʔisfanāḵ), إِسْفَنَاج (ʔisfanāj), إِسْفَانَاج (ʔisfānāj), سَبَانَغ (sabānaḡ), سَبَانَج (sabānaj)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian, see Persian اِسفَناج (esfanâj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.baː.nix/, /sa.baː.nax/

### Noun

سَبَانِخ or سَبَانَخ • (sabāniḵ or sabānaḵ) m
* spinach

#### Descendants

* Andalusian Arabic: إِسْفِنَاج (isfināj), إِسْبِنَاج (isbināj), إِسْبِنَاخ (isbināḵ)
** → Aragonese: espinai
** → Catalan: espinac
** → Occitan: espinac, espinarc (influenced by french)
** → Portuguese: espinafre
** → Spanish: espinaca
*** → Medieval Latin: spinacium, spinachium, spinarchia (influenced by spina (“thorn”))
**** → Byzantine Greek: σπινάκιον (spinákion), σπανάκιν (spanákin), σπινάκι (spináki)
***** Greek: σπανάκι (spanáki), σπανάκιον (spanákion)
****** → Bulgarian: спанак (spanak)
****** → Romanian: spanac
****** → Serbo-Croatian: спанаћ / spanać
**** → Italian: spinacio, spinace (uncommon)
***** → Middle High German: spināt (final -t perhaps influenced by Salat)
****** German: Spinat
******* → Kashubian: szpinat
******* → Russian: шпинат (špinat)
******** → Bashkir: шпинат (şpinat)
******* → Serbo-Croatian: шпинат / špìnāt
******* → Ukrainian: шпина́т (špynát)
**** → Old French: espinoche, espinache, espinarde, espinaces
***** French: épinard, (obsolete) epinart
***** → English: spinach, (obsolete) spinage
***** → Irish: spionáiste
**** → Sicilian: spinacia

### References

* Asbaghi, Asya (2008) “Persian Loanwords”, in Versteegh, Kees, editor, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 581
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سبانخ”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 22
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سبانخ”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 623
* Freytag, Georg (1830) “سبانخ”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 35
# 一尉
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 一 | 尉 |
| いち Grade: 1 | い Grade: S |
| goon ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いちい [ìchíꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [it͡ɕii]

### Noun

一(いち)尉(い) • (ichii)
* (military) captain (Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces, Japanese Ground Self Defense Forces)
* (military) lieutenant (senior grade) (Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force)
# 一尔
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 一尔 – see 一爾 (“in a moment; in an instant”). (This term is the simplified form of 一爾).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# سوزش
## Persian
### Etymology

From سوز (suz) +‎ ـش (-eš), from the verb سوختن (suxtan, “to burn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [soː.ˈziʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [soː.zɪ́ʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [soː.zɪ́ʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [soː.zɪ́ʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [su.zíʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [suː.zéʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sɵ.zíʃ]

### Noun

سوزش • (suzeš)
* pain, burning sensation
    Synonym: سوز (suz)
# سجاده‌جی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From سجاده (seccade, “prayer rug”) +‎ ـجی (-cı, -ci, occupational suffix).

### Noun

سجاده‌جی • (seccadeci)
* maker or seller of prayer rugs
* servant who has charge of such rugs

#### Descendants

* Turkish: seccadeci

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سجاده‌جی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 666
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سجاده‌جی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1041
# 下凡
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiàfán
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄈㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^6$ faan$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hâ-fàm
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hā-hoān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàfán
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄈㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàfán
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$-fan$^2$
*** Yale: syà-fán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiahfarn
*** Palladius: сяфань (sjafanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ fän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^6$ faan$^4$
*** Yale: hah fàahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^6$ faan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^6$ fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː²² faːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâ-fàm
*** Hakka Romanization System: ha$^ˊ$ fam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ha$^1$ fam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha²⁴ fam¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hā-hoān
*** Tâi-lô: hā-huān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haxhoan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ha²²⁻²¹ huan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ha⁴¹⁻²² huan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ha²²⁻²¹ huan²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ha³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ha³³⁻²¹ huan³³/

### Verb

下凡
* to descend to the mortal world
    仙人下凡 ― xiānrén xiàfán ― a celestial being descends into the mortal world

#### Synonyms

* 下界 (xiàjiè)
* (Jinhua) 落凡

#### Derived terms

* 仙女下凡
# 下冬
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ě-tang / ē-tang / ēe-tang
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ě-tang
*** Tâi-lô: ě-tang
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /e²² taŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ē-tang
*** Tâi-lô: ē-tang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: exdafng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /e²²⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ēe-tang
*** Tâi-lô: ēe-tang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɛ²²⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

### Noun

下冬
* (Southern Min) next season (usually of harvest)
* (Southern Min) next school term; next semester
# 下処理
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 下 | 処 | 理 |
| した Grade: 1 | しょ Grade: 6 | り Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | on'yomi | on'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 下處理 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

From 下(した) (shita) + 処理(しょり) (shori).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕita̠ɕo̞ɾʲi]

### Noun

下(した)処(しょ)理(り) • (shitashori)
* (cooking) preparation of ingredients

#### Synonyms

* 下(した)ごしらえ (shitagoshirae)
# 中科大
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Zhōngkēdà
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄎㄜ ㄉㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōngkēdà
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄎㄜ ㄉㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jhongkedà
*** Wade–Giles: Chung$^1$-kʻo$^1$-ta$^4$
*** Yale: Jūng-kē-dà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jongkedah
*** Palladius: Чжункэда (Čžunkɛda)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

### Proper noun

中科大
* Short for 中國科學技術大學／中国科学技术大学 (Zhōngguó Kēxué Jìshù Dàxué, “University of Science and Technology of China”).
* Short for 中國科技大學／中国科技大学 (Zhōngguó Kējì Dàxué, “China University of Technology”). (Taiwan)
* Short for 國立臺中科技大學／国立台中科技大学 (Guólì Táizhōng Kējì Dàxué, “National Taichung University of Science and Technology”).

#### Synonyms

* (University of Science and Technology of China): 中國科大／中国科大 (Zhōngguó Kēdà)
# ـقىچە
## Uyghur
### Suffix

ـقىچە • (-qiche)
* limitative case suffix

#### See also

| | voiced consonant | voiced consonant | unvoiced consonant | unvoiced consonant |
| | back vowel | front vowel | back vowel | front vowel |
| nominative | | | | |
| genitive | ـنىڭ (-ning) | ـنىڭ (-ning) | ـنىڭ (-ning) | ـنىڭ (-ning) |
| Accusative | ـنى (-ni) | ـنى (-ni) | ـنى (-ni) | ـنى (-ni) |
| Dative | ـغا (-gha) | ـگە (-ge) | ـقا (-qa) | ـكە (-ke) ـقە (-qe) |
| Locative | ـدا (-da) | ـدە (-de) | ـتا (-ta) | ـتە (-te) |
| Ablative | ـدىن (-din) | ـدىن (-din) | ـتىن (-tin) | ـتىن (-tin) |
| locative-qualitative | ـدىكى (-diki) | ـدىكى (-diki) | ـتىكى (-tiki) | ـتىكى (-tiki) |
| limitative | ـغىچە (-ghiche) | ـگىچە (-giche) | ـقىچە (-qiche) | ـكىچە (-kiche) |
| similitude | ـدەك (-dek) | ـدەك (-dek) | ـتەك (-tek) | ـتەك (-tek) |
| equivalence | ـچىلىك (-chilik) ـچە (-che) | ـچىلىك (-chilik) ـچە (-che) | ـچىلىك (-chilik) ـچە (-che) | ـچىلىك (-chilik) ـچە (-che) |
| representative | ـنىڭكى (-ningki) | ـنىڭكى (-ningki) | ـنىڭكى (-ningki) | ـنىڭكى (-ningki) |
* Appendix:Uyghur suffixes
# 亂搞
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luàngǎo
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˋ ㄍㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun$^6$ gaau$^2$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lonn$^5$ gau$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luàngǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˋ ㄍㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luàngǎo
*** Wade–Giles: luan$^4$-kao$^3$
*** Yale: lwàn-gǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luanngao
*** Palladius: луаньгао (luanʹgao)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯än⁵¹ kɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lyun$^6$ gaau$^2$
*** Yale: lyuhn gáau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lyn$^6$ gaau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lün$^6$ gao$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lyːn²² kaːu̯³⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lonn$^5$ gau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lõ²¹⁻¹¹ kɒu̯⁴¹/

### Verb

亂搞
* (colloquial) to muck around; to fool around
* (colloquial) to sleep around
    亂搞男女關係／乱搞男女关系 ― luàngǎo nánnǚ guānxì ― to sleep around with the opposite sex

#### Synonyms

* (to fool around): 胡搞 (húgǎo); (Hokkien)烏白舞／乌白舞; (Xiang) 亂搞一百幾／乱搞一百几, 亂搞一百六／乱搞一百六, 亂搞三千／乱搞三千
# سواحر
## Arabic
### Noun

سَوَاحِر • (sawāḥir) f pl
* plural of سَاحِرَة (sāḥira)
# 中笔
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 中笔 – see 中筆 (“Zhongbi”). (This term is the simplified form of 中筆).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 三韩
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 三韩 – see 三韓 (“Samhan; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 三韓).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# سيڤتينديسيليون
## Malay
### Numeral

سيڤتينديسيليون
* Jawi spelling of septendesilion‎
# 乌托邦平原
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乌托邦平原 – see 烏托邦平原 (“Utopia Planitia”). (This term is the simplified form of 烏托邦平原).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 乌托邦社会主义
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乌托邦社会主义 – see 烏托邦社會主義 (“utopian socialism”). (This term is the simplified form of 烏托邦社會主義).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 丕死
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phe-sí
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phe-sí
*** Tâi-lô: phe-sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phesie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰe⁴⁴⁻²² si⁵³/

### Verb

丕死
* (Xiamen Hokkien) to risk one's life; to defy death; to fight desperately

#### Synonyms

* 拼死 (pīnsǐ)
* (literary) 冒死 (màosǐ)
* (Hokkien) 拚生死, 存死, 存命, 佩死
# 交通工具
## Chinese

| | | transportation; transport; traffictransportation; transport; traffic; communications; liaison | tool; instrument; implementtool; instrument; implement; means; way; tool |
| trad. (交通工具) | trad. (交通工具) | 交通 | 工具 |
| simp. $^#$(交通工具) | simp. $^#$(交通工具) | 交通 | 工具 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiāotōng gōngjù
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau$^1$ tung$^1$ gung$^1$ geoi$^6$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^1$ tong$^1$ gang$^1$ gu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiāotōng gōngjù
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiaotong gongjyù
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^1$-tʻung$^1$ kung$^1$-chü$^4$
*** Yale: jyāu-tūng gūng-jyù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiautong gongjiuh
*** Palladius: цзяотун гунцзюй (czjaotun gunczjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaau$^1$ tung$^1$ gung$^1$ geoi$^6$
*** Yale: gāau tūng gūng geuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaau$^1$ tung$^1$ gung$^1$ goey$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gao$^1$ tung$^1$ gung$^1$ gêu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɵy̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gao$^1$ tong$^1$ gang$^1$ gu$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau thong kang kŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ³³⁻²³ ku³⁵/

### Noun

交通工具
* mode of transport
# شامال
## Uyghur

Other scripts :
| Perso-Arabic | شامال |
| Latin | ‍shamal‍ |
| Cyrillic | шамал |

### Etymology

From Arabic شمال.

### Noun

شامال • (shamal) (plural شاماللار (shamallar))
* wind
* trend
# 不可譯性
## Chinese

| | | not; no | can; may; able tocan; may; able to; certain(ly); to suit; (particle used for emphasis) | to translate; to interpret | sex; nature; suffix corresponding to ‑ness or ‑ity |
| trad. (不可譯性) | trad. (不可譯性) | 不 | 可 | 譯 | 性 |
| simp. (不可译性) | simp. (不可译性) | 不 | 可 | 译 | 性 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bùkěyìxìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˇ ㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bùkěyìxìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˇ ㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bùkěyìsìng
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$-kʻo$^3$-i$^4$-hsing$^4$
*** Yale: bù-kě-yì-syìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bukeeyihshinq
*** Palladius: букэисин (bukɛisin)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹ kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

### Noun

不可譯性
* (translation studies) untranslatability

#### Antonyms

* 可譯性／可译性 (kěyìxìng)
# غلمان
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣil.maːn/

### Noun

غِلْمَان • (ḡilmān) m pl
* plural of غُلَام (ḡulām)
# غللتن
## Arabic
### Verb

غللتن (form I)
* غَلَلْتُنَّ (ḡalaltunna) /ɣa.lal.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past active of غَلَّ (ḡalla)
* غُلِلْتُنَّ (ḡuliltunna) /ɣu.lil.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past passive of غَلَّ (ḡalla) and غُلَّ (ḡulla)
# صرحن
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

صرحن (form I)
* صَرَحْنَ (ṣaraḥna) /sˤa.raħ.na/: third-person feminine plural past active of صَرَحَ (ṣaraḥa)
* صُرِحْنَ (ṣuriḥna) /sˤu.riħ.na/: third-person feminine plural past passive of صَرَحَ (ṣaraḥa)
* صَرُحْنَ (ṣaruḥna) /sˤa.ruħ.na/: third-person feminine plural past active of صَرُحَ (ṣaruḥa)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

صرحن (form II)
* صَرَّحْنَ (ṣarraḥna) /sˤar.raħ.na/: third-person feminine plural past active of صَرَّحَ (ṣarraḥa)
* صُرِّحْنَ (ṣurriḥna) /sˤur.riħ.na/: third-person feminine plural past passive of صَرَّحَ (ṣarraḥa)
* صَرِّحْنَ (ṣarriḥna) /sˤar.riħ.na/: second-person feminine plural imperative of صَرَّحَ (ṣarraḥa)
# صرخن
## Arabic
### Verb

صَرَخْنَ • (ṣaraḵna) (form I) /sˤa.rax.na/
* third-person feminine plural past active of صَرَخَ (ṣaraḵa)
# قنبر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic קנברא / ܩܢܒܪܐ (qunbārā, qunabrā), from Akkadian 𒄣𒌦𒀮𒊒 (qu-un-nab-ru /⁠qunnabru⁠/, “rope, cord; fetters”).

#### Alternative forms

* قُنْبَار (qunbār), كُنْبَار (kunbār)

#### Noun

قُنْبَر or قَنْبَر • (qunbar or qanbar) m
* coir, fibre of coconuts (Cocos nucifera) or loofah (Luffa aegyptiaca and Luffa acutangula)
** 1355, Ibn Baṭṭūṭa ed. Charles Defrémery et Beniamino Sanguinetti, Vol. IV, p. 121 l. 1
** 2012 October 28, “طرق صيد الأسماك : 3 – الصيد بالشباك”, in تاريخ مملكة البحرين‎, archived from the original on 4 July 2019:بعد الانتهاء من غزل أو طرق الشبك يتم فرد الشبك لتركيب حبل سميك مصنوع من ليف ثمرة النارجيل (قنبار أو كمبار) و هذه الخيوط يربط بها الأثقال, وفي حال كون الشبك سيعلق في البحر يكون هناك خيطان علوي وسفلي حيث يربط في الخيط العلوي كرب النخيل ليبقى هذا الطرف طافيا فوق سطح الماء و التي استبدلت لاحقا بالعوامات إما في الحبل السفلي فتربط قطع من الصخر للمساعدة في نزوله لقاع البحر وقد استبدلت لاحقا بالرصاص.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Derived terms

* قُنْبَر الْمَاء (qunbar al-māʔ, “sargassum (Sargassum spp.)”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

قُنْبَر or قُنْبُر • (qunbar or qunbur) m (collective, singulative قُنْبَرَة f (qunbara) or قُنْبُرَة (qunbura))
* alternative form of قُبَّر (qubbar, “lark”)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Unknown, possibly from Latin camara.

#### Alternative forms

* كَمْبْرِيّ (kambriyy), قَنْبَرَة (qanbara)

#### Noun

قَنْبَر • (qanbar) m (plural قَنَابِر (qanābir))
* guembri, a kind of violin used by Berbers
** 1355, Ibn Baṭṭūṭa ed. Charles Defrémery et Beniamino Sanguinetti, Vol. IV, p. 406 l. 7

##### Declension
### References

* “qnbr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Agius, Dionisius A. (2008) Classic Ships of Islam. From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 92), Leiden: Brill, pages 165 and 268
* Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قنبر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 408
# صدفن
## Arabic
### Verb

صدفن (form I)
* صَدَفْنَ (ṣadafna) /sˤa.daf.na/: third-person feminine plural past active of صَدَفَ (ṣadafa)
* صُدِفْنَ (ṣudifna) /sˤu.dif.na/: third-person feminine plural past passive of صَدَفَ (ṣadafa)
# 不穏
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 不 | 穏 |
| ふ Grade: 4 | おん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 不穩 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɸɯ̟õ̞ɴ]

### Adjective

不(ふ)穏(おん) • (fuon) -na (adnominal 不(ふ)穏(おん)な (fuon na), adverbial 不(ふ)穏(おん)に (fuon ni))
* disquieting, alarming

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 不穏だろ | ふおんだろ | fuon daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 不穏で | ふおんで | fuon de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 不穏だ | ふおんだ | fuon da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 不穏な | ふおんな | fuon na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 不穏なら | ふおんなら | fuon nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 不穏であれ | ふおんであれ | fuon de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 不穏ではない 不穏じゃない | ふおんではない ふおんじゃない | fuon de wa nai fuon ja nai |
| Informal past | 不穏だった | ふおんだった | fuon datta |
| Informal negative past | 不穏ではなかった 不穏じゃなかった | ふおんではなかった ふおんじゃなかった | fuon de wa nakatta fuon ja nakatta |
| Formal | 不穏です | ふおんです | fuon desu |
| Formal negative | 不穏ではありません 不穏じゃありません | ふおんではありません ふおんじゃありません | fuon de wa arimasen fuon ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 不穏でした | ふおんでした | fuon deshita |
| Formal negative past | 不穏ではありませんでした 不穏じゃありませんでした | ふおんではありませんでした ふおんじゃありませんでした | fuon de wa arimasen deshita fuon ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 不穏で | ふおんで | fuon de |
| Conditional | 不穏なら（ば） | ふおんなら（ば） | fuon nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 不穏だったら | ふおんだったら | fuon dattara |
| Volitional | 不穏だろう | ふおんだろう | fuon darō |
| Adverbial | 不穏に | ふおんに | fuon ni |
| Degree | 不穏さ | ふおんさ | fuonsa |

### Noun

不(ふ)穏(おん) • (fuon)
* disquiet
# 不符
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bùfú
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄈㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bat$^1$ fu$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): put-hû
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bùfú
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄈㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bùfú
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$-fu$^2$
*** Yale: bù-fú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bufwu
*** Palladius: буфу (bufu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹ fu³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$不服 不符 步幅
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bat$^1$ fu$^4$
*** Yale: bāt fùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bat$^7$ fu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bed$^1$ fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐt̚⁵ fuː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put-hû
*** Tâi-lô: put-hû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: puthuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /put̚³²⁻⁴ hu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /put̚⁵⁻²⁴ hu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /put̚³²⁻⁵ hu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /put̚³²⁻⁴ hu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /put̚³²⁻⁴ hu²³/

### Verb

不符
* to not conform; to be inconsistent
# 举证
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 举证 – see 舉證 (“to provide evidence”). (This term is the simplified form of 舉證).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 举荐
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 举荐 – see 舉薦 (“to recommend”). (This term is the simplified form of 舉薦).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 举肌
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 举肌 – see 舉肌 (“levator muscle”). (This term is the simplified form of 舉肌).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# ضعيفات
## Arabic
### Adjective

ضَعِيفَات • (ḍaʕīfāt) f pl
* feminine plural of ضَعِيف (ḍaʕīf)
# لہتے
## Baluchi
### Adjective

لہتے • (lahti, lahte)
* some; an unspecified quantity or number of.
# لہرانا
## Urdu
### Etymology

From لَہَر (lahar, “wave”) +‎ ـَانا (-ānā, “verb form”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɛɦ.ɾɑː.nɑː/

### Noun

لَہْرانا • (lahrānā) (Hindi spelling लहराना)
* to wave (a flag)
    Synonym: جھنڈا لہرانا (jhanḍā lahrānā)
* to flutter, ripple
* to fluctuate

#### Conjugation

* Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.

### References

* “لہرانا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
# لہنگا
## Urdu
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /lɛːɦ.ŋɡɑː/, /lɛː.ɦɛːŋ.ɡɑː/

### Noun

لہنگا • (lahṅgā) m (Hindi spelling लहंगा)
* a long skirt, usually pleated and embroidered and worn for ceremonial occasions

#### Declension

Declension of لہنگا :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | لہنگا (lahṅgā) | لہنگے (lahṅge) |
| oblique | لہنگے (lahṅge) | لہنگوں (lahṅgõ) |
| vocative | لہنگے (lahṅge) | لہنگو (lahṅgo) |
# لہذا
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian لِهٰذا (lihāzā), from Arabic لِهٰذَا (lihāḏā).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /lɪ.ɦɑː.zɑː/
* Rhymes: -ɑː
* Hyphenation: لِ‧ہا‧ذا

### Adverb

لِہٰذا • (lihāzā) (Hindi spelling लिहाज़ा)
* therefore, thus, hence
    Synonyms: سو (so), پس (pas), اسی لئے (isī li'ye)

### Further reading

* “لہذا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “لہذا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “لہذا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
# 乌暗眩
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乌暗眩 – see 烏暗眩 (“a manifestation of vertigo where one blacks out after everything starts spinning”). (This term is the simplified form of 烏暗眩).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 乌木耳
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乌木耳 – see 烏木耳 (“Jew's-ear; wood ear”). (This term is the simplified form of 烏木耳).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 仕似せ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 仕似せ – see the following entry. :
| 【老舗しにせ】 | [noun] an old shop with a long history of doing the same business [noun] the succession of an occupation or business from one's parents |
(This term, 仕似せ, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 仕事台
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 仕 | 事 | 台 |
| し Grade: 3 | こと > ごと Grade: 3 | だい Grade: 2 |
* Alternative spelling
* 仕事臺 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕiɡo̞to̞da̠i]

### Noun

仕(し)事(ごと)台(だい) • (shigotodai)
* workbench

#### Synonyms

* 作業台(さぎょうだい) (sagyōdai)
* ワークベンチ (wākubenchi)