# 脊樑
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jǐliang, jǐliáng, jíliáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ, ㄐㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ, ㄐㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zek$^3$ loeng$^4$ / zik$^3$ loeng$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chit-liông / chit-liâng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǐliang
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jǐliång
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^3$-liang$^5$
*** Yale: jǐ-lyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii.liang
*** Palladius: цзилян (cziljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹⁴ li̯ɑŋ⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǐliáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jǐliáng
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^3$-liang$^2$
*** Yale: jǐ-lyáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiiliang
*** Palladius: цзилян (cziljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, common variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jíliáng → jíliang (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ → ㄐㄧˊ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jíliång
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-liang$^5$
*** Yale: jí-lyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi.liang
*** Palladius: цзилян (cziljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/ → /t͡ɕi³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zek$^3$ loeng$^4$ / zik$^3$ loeng$^4$
*** Yale: jek lèuhng / jik lèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzek$^8$ loeng$^4$ / dzik$^8$ loeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zég$^3$ lêng$^4$ / jig$^3$ lêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛːk̚³ lœːŋ²¹/, /t͡sɪk̚³ lœːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-liông
*** Tâi-lô: tsit-liông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: citlioong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-liâng
*** Tâi-lô: tsit-liâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: citliaang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ liaŋ¹³/

#### Noun

脊樑
* (anatomy, colloquial) backbone; spine
* (figurative) backbone; mainstay; core

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jǐliang, jǐliáng, jíniang, jíning
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ, ㄐㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ, ㄐㄧˊ ˙ㄋㄧㄤ, ㄐㄧˊ ˙ㄋㄧㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǐliang
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jǐliång
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^3$-liang$^5$
*** Yale: jǐ-lyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii.liang
*** Palladius: цзилян (cziljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹⁴ li̯ɑŋ⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǐliáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jǐliáng
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^3$-liang$^2$
*** Yale: jǐ-lyáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiiliang
*** Palladius: цзилян (cziljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/
** (Beijing dialect)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jíniang
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ˙ㄋㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jíniång
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-niang$^5$
*** Yale: jí-nyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi.niang
*** Palladius: цзинян (czinjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³/
** (Beijing dialect)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jíning
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ˙ㄋㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jíni̊ng
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-ning$^5$
*** Yale: jí-ning
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi.ning
*** Palladius: цзинин (czinin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ niŋ³/

#### Noun

脊樑
* (Mandarin, colloquial) back (rear of the body)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 背 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 背, 背部, 背脊, 脊背, 後背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 後脊樑, 脊樑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 背 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 背, 後背, 後脊樑, 脊樑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 背 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 脊樑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 脊樑桿子, 脊樑, 脊樑蓋子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 脊樑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 脊背 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 脊樑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 脊背 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 脊背 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 後筋股, 筋股, 後脊樑股, 脊樑股 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 脊樑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 背, 脊背, 脊樑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 脊背 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 脊背, 脊樑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 背 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 背心, 背 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 背 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 背, 脊樑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 脊背, 脊背心 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 脊背, 脊樑, 背 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 脊背, 背, 後背心 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 背子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 背脊, 背脢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 背脊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 背脊, 背樑, 背裡 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 背裡脊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 背脊 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 背脢 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 背脊 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 背脊 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 背脊 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 背脊 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 背脊, 背 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 背囊, 背脊 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 背囊脊 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 背脊 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Changting | 背脊, 背 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 背脊, 背囊 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 背脊 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 背脊 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 背 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 背脊 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 背脊 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 背 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 背脊𩩍 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 背囊, 背 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 背囊 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 背囊 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 背脊 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 脊背 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 脊背 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 背 |
| Jin | Linhe | 脊背 |
| Jin | Jining | 脊背 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 脊背 |
| Jin | Baotou | 脊背 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 脊背 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 脊背 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 背脊, 背脊𩩍 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𩩍, 𩩍脊骨 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 尻脊, 尻脊𩩍, 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 尻脊, 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 尻壁 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 尻脊, 尻脊𩩍, 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 尻脊𩩍 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 尻脊, 尻脊後 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 尻脊, 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 巴脊, 後壁, 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 尻脊, 尻脊枋 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 巴脊 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 尻脊 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 尻脊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 胛脊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 胛脊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 胛脊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 胛脊 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 胛脊, 胛𩩍 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 胛脊, 胛𩩍 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 胛脊, 胛𩩍 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 背脊, 背脢 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 背脊, 背脊骨 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 背肌 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 背心, 背 |
| Wu | Danyang | 背背 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 背脊 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 背脊心, 背脊登, 背脊胴, 背脊 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 背脊身, 背骶身, 後半身 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 背脊 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 背脊, 背心, 背 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 背, 背皮 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 背心, 背 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 背身 |