# 後妻
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hòuqī
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄡˋ ㄑㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hau$^6$ cai$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): āu-chhe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hòuqī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄑㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hòuci
*** Wade–Giles: hou$^4$-chʻi$^1$
*** Yale: hòu-chī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howchi
*** Palladius: хоуци (xouci)
*** Sinological IPA : /xoʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$後妻／后妻 後期／后期
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hau$^6$ cai$^1$
*** Yale: hauh chāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hau$^6$ tsai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heo$^6$ cei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐu̯²² t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: āu-chhe
*** Tâi-lô: āu-tshe
*** Phofsit Daibuun: auxzhef
*** IPA (Xiamen): /au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /au⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰe³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /au³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /au³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

### Noun

後妻
* (archaic) concubine; second wife

#### Synonyms

* 填房 (tiánfáng)
* (Cantonese) 後底婆／后底婆
* (Hokkien) 後岫／后岫, 後某／后某
* (Leizhou Min) 後婆／后婆

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 後 | 妻 |
| うわ Grade: 2 | なり Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi | irregular |
Attested in the Ruiju Myōgishō.
Originally a compound of 上 (uwa, “upper”) + 成り (nari), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 成る (naru, “to become, succeed”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 後妻／后妻 (hòuqī).

#### Noun

後(うわ)妻(なり) • (uwanari)
* (historical) one's second wife (Can we verify this sense?)
    Synonym: 後妻 (gosai)
    Antonym: 前妻 (konami)
* envy, jealousy; used historically by the konami towards the uwanari
    Synonyms: 嫉妬 (shitto), 妬み (netomi)

##### Derived terms

* 後妻(うわなり)打(う)ち (uwanari-uchi, “concubine-striking”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 後 | 妻 |
| あと Grade: 2 | Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi | irregular |
Originally a compound of 後 (ato, “later”) + 女 (me, “woman”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 後妻／后妻 (hòuqī).

#### Noun

後妻(あとめ) • (atome)
* one's second wife (Can we verify this sense?)
    Synonym: 後妻 (gosai)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 後 | 妻 |
| ご Grade: 2 | さい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 後妻 (MC huwX tshej), utilizing the kan'yōon pronunciation of 後 and the goon pronunciation of 妻. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ごさい [gòsáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡo̞sa̠i]

#### Noun

後(ご)妻(さい) • (gosai)
* a woman married to a husband after that man's former wife divorced or was deceased (Can we verify this sense?)
    Synonyms: 後連れ (atozure), 後添い (nochizoi), 後添え (nochizoe)
    Antonym: 先妻 (sensai)

### Etymology 4

Kanji in this term :
| 後 | 妻 |
| こう Grade: 2 | さい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
Likely from Middle Chinese 後妻 (MC huwX tshej), utilizing the kan'on pronunciation of 後 and the goon pronunciation of 妻. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーさい [kòósáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːsa̠i]

#### Noun

後(こう)妻(さい) • (kōsai)
* a woman married to a husband after that man's former wife divorced or was deceased (Can we verify this sense?)
    Synonyms: 後連れ (atozure), 後添い (nochizoi), 後添え (nochizoe)
    Antonym: 先妻 (sensai)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN