# տոշ
## Middle Armenian
### Etymology

The origin is unknown. Compare Arabic طَيْس (ṭays, “sexual organs of the stallions”). Note also Meghri dialect տոշ (toš, “handle of a spinning wheel”), Karadagh dialect տոշ (toš, “upright piece of wood on the lower quern-stone on which the upper stone is set”) and Persian توش (toš, “power, vigour”).

### Noun

տոշ • (toš)
* horse penis
** 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ [Geoponica] 294:եւ տոշն ի չաքն ի մեծն եւ 'ի փոքրն, եւ վազան, որ չլինի բոլոճew tošn i čʻakʻn i mecn ew 'i pʻokʻrn, ew vazan, or čʻlini boloč
** 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ [Geoponica] 297:Եւ երբ վազցընել կամենաս՝ զագետակին մազն մկրատով ի վայր տուր, որ զտոշն չգանէ։Ew erb vazcʻənel kamenas, zagetakin mazn mkratov i vayr tur, or ztošn čʻganē.
** 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ [Geoponica] 297:Եւ թէ վազէ յովտակն եւ տոշն թուլանայ եւ ի բան չգայ՝ զայս դեղս արա։Ew tʻē vazē yovtakn ew tošn tʻulanay ew i ban čʻgay, zays deġs ara.
** 13th century, Girkʻ Vastakocʻ [Geoponica] 297:Ա՛ռ եղն եղջերուի պոչ, այրեա եւ աղա մանր, եւ անապակ գինեաւ զերդ մէրհէմ արա եւ օ՛ծ զտոշն եւ զձուքն, նա յորդորէ ի վազելն...։Áṙ eġn eġǰerui počʻ, ayrea ew aġa manr, ew anapak gineaw zerd mērhēm ara ew ṓc ztošn ew zjukʻn, na yordorē i vazeln....
** 13th century, Faraj the Syrian, Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden] 20:Յաղագս թըթի, որ լինի ի տոշն եւ ի ձուքնYaġags tʻətʻi, or lini i tošn ew i jukʻnAbout tʻutʻ, which occurs on the horse penis and testicles

#### Derived terms

* տոշբերան (tošberan)
* տոշգլուխ (tošglux)
* տոշփող (tošpʻoġ)

### References

* ↑ Raswan, Carl R. (1945) “Vocabulary of Bedouin Words concerning Horses”, in Journal of Near Eastern Studies‎, volume 4, number 2, § 967, pages 110, 128
* ↑ Aġayan, Ē. (1954) Meġru barbaṙ [Meghri Dialect] (Hayeren barbaṙner; 2)‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 333, spelled տօշ (tōš)
* 1 2 Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 242, referencing an unpublished work by Ō. Eganyan
* ↑ Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 199
* 1 2 3 Ališan Ġ., editor (1877), Girkʻ vastakocʻ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 201
* ↑ Čʻugaszyan, B. L. (1980) Bžškaran jioy ew aṙhasarak grastnoy (ŽG dar) [Medical Book on Horses and Other Beasts of Burden (13th century)]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 113

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “տոշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 420b
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “տոշ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 764ab
* Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “տոշ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎, edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 714