# ὥσπερ
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ὡς (hōs, “as”) + περ (per, enclitic).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɔ̌ːs.per/ → /ˈos.per/ → /ˈos.per/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hɔ̌ːs.per/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)os.per/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈos.per/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈos.per/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈos.per/

### Adverb

ὥσπερ • (hṓsper)
* like, as, even as, just as
** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1396
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 994
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.206
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.263
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.50
** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 303
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.93
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Stephanus 1 1
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.385
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.806
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.211
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.3.12
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.487
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 402
** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 188
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 475
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 7.5.75
** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 354B
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 276
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 327D
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.121
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.1.19
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.1.19
** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 612D
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 673
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.477
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.142
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.282
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 86A
** 341 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Philippic 33
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1311
* (to limit or modify an assertion) as it were
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.73
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1276
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.1.13
** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 8.33
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 277
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 86B
** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 7
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.1.14
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Symposium 1.11
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.3.19
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, On Horsemanship 7.5
* (rarely of time)
** so long as, however long
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1361
** as soon as
*** 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 24
* (after a comparative)
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.3.16

### References

* “ὥσπερ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὥσπερ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὥσπερ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὥσπερ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “ὥσπερ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5618 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. as idem, page 42.even idem, page 284.like idem, page 491.