# 繃

| 繃 | U+7E43, &#32323; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E43 |
| ← 繂 [U+7E42] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 繄 → [U+7E44] |

## Translingual
### Han character

繃 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 女火山月月 (VFUBB), four-corner 2292$_7$, composition ⿰糹崩)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 937, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27852
* Dae Jaweon: page 1376, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3443, character 9
* Unihan data for U+7E43

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 崩 | *pɯːŋ |
| 堋 | *pɯːŋs, *pʰɯːŋ, *bɯːŋ |
| 漰 | *pʰɯːŋ |
| 倗 | *pʰɯːŋʔ, *bɯːŋ, *bɯːŋs |
| 朋 | *bɯːŋ |
| 鵬 | *bɯːŋ |
| 棚 | *bɯːŋ, *brɯːŋ, *brɯːŋ |
| 鬅 | *bɯːŋ |
| 掤 | *pɯŋ |
| 淜 | *bɯŋ |
| 輣 | *brɯːŋ, *brɯːŋ |
| 繃 | *prɯːŋ, *prɯːŋ |
| 弸 | *pʰrɯːŋ, *brɯːŋ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bēng (beng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bang$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): bang
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): piⁿ / peⁿ / png / peng
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: beng
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^1$
*** Yale: bēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beng
*** Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bang$^1$
*** Yale: bāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: beng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: bang
*** Hakka Romanization System: bang
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /baŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: pinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pvy
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /pĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pĩ³³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: penn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pvef
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ̃⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pẽ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: png
*** Tâi-lô: png
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pngf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pŋ̍³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peng
*** Tâi-lô: ping
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ⁴⁴/
* piⁿ/peⁿ - vernacular;
* png/peng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: peang
Rime :
| Character | 繃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 北萌切 |
| Baxter | peang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠɛŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚæŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pɐŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pəɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /pɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /pæŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pæŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bang$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤrəŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*prɯːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 繃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pɛng › |
| Old Chinese | /*pˁrəŋ/ |
| English | to bind around |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 繃 | 繃 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9674 | 9679 |
| Phonetic component | 朋 | 朋 |
| Rime group | 蒸 | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繃 | 繃 |
| Old Chinese | /*prɯːŋ/ | /*prɯːŋ/ |

#### Definitions

繃
* to stretch; to draw firmly; to strap
* to brace; to taut
* (of an object) to spring up; to bounce
* (literary, or in compounds, crafts) embroidery frame
* (literary, or in compounds) bed frame
* sling, piece of cloth used to carry a baby on one's back
* (dialectal) to swindle; to cheat
* (Internet slang) Short for 繃不住／绷不住 (bēngbùzhù, “to burst out laughing”).

#### Synonyms

* (embroidery frame): 繃子／绷子 (bēngzi)

#### Compounds

* OK繃／OK绷
* 倒繃孩兒／倒绷孩儿
* 吊拷繃扒／吊拷绷扒
* 弔拷繃扒／吊拷绷扒
* 挑花繃子／挑花绷子
* 棕繃／棕绷
* 緊繃／紧绷 (jǐnbēng)
* 繃價／绷价
* 繃場面／绷场面 (bēng chǎngmiàn)
* 繃子／绷子 (bēngzi)
* 繃巴／绷巴
* 繃帶／绷带 (bēngdài)
* 繃床／绷床
* 繃弓／绷弓 (bēnggōng)
* 繃扒／绷扒
* 繃扒吊拷／绷扒吊拷
* 繃扒弔拷／绷扒吊拷
* 繃拽／绷拽
* 繃接／绷接
* 繃爬吊拷／绷爬吊拷
* 繃簧／绷簧 (bēnghuáng)
* 繃緊／绷紧 (bēngjǐn)
* 繃線／绷线
* 繃緪／绷緪
* 繃繃拽拽／绷绷拽拽
* 繃針／绷针
* 老繃／老绷
* 苦繃苦拽／苦绷苦拽

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): běng (beng$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: běng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: běng
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^3$
*** Yale: běng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beeng
*** Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maang$^1$
*** Yale: māang
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːŋ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

繃
* to strain one's muscles
* to pull one's face
* (Cantonese) to stretch, to set up (a mosquito net, a banner, etc)
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 掹 (“to pull”)

#### Synonyms

* (to stiffen one's face): 板 (bǎn)

#### Compounds

* 繃勁／绷劲 (běngjìn)
* 繃勁兒／绷劲儿
* 繃緊／绷紧 (bēngjǐn)
* 繃繃緊／绷绷紧
* 繃臉／绷脸 (běngliǎn)
* 繒繃／缯绷

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bèng (beng$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baang$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bèng
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^4$
*** Yale: bèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: benq
*** Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baang$^6$
*** Yale: baahng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baang$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bang$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːŋ²²/

#### Definitions

繃
* (chiefly Beijing and Southwestern Mandarin, Jin) to split open; to crack; alternative form of 迸 (bèng)

#### Synonyms

* 裂 (liè)

#### Compounds

* 乾繃兒／干绷儿
* 五花繃裂／五花绷裂
* 繃断
* 繃瓷／绷瓷 (bèngcí)
* 繃裂／绷裂
* 繃開／绷开

### Etymology 4

Some compounds are attested at least since Ming dynasty. May be related to 綁／绑 (bǎng) (in 緊綁綁／紧绑绑) used in Yuan era plays.
Mandarin dialects generally use reduplicated 邦 (bāng) instead (e.g. in 硬邦邦 (yìngbāngbāng)), also spelled 梆 (bāng) or 幫／帮 (bāng). See also Hokkien 迸 (piàng) (in 硬迸迸 (ngē-piàng-piàng), 緊迸迸／紧迸迸 (kín-piàng-piàng), etc.).

#### very; terribly

    Same as above, but without reduplication. Used prepositively in a few collocations. Most Standard Chinese dictionaries nominally assign the bèng reading to this sense and merge it with Etymology 3, but Northeastern Mandarin and Xiang dialects where it is actually used have the dark level tone for it (corresponding to Beijing Mandarin bēng). See also 迸 (bèng, “(dialectal Mandarin) very dry; crisp; brittle”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bēng, bèng (beng$^1$, beng$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥ, ㄅㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baang$^1$ / bang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pan
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ben$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: beng
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^1$
*** Yale: bēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beng
*** Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bèng
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^4$
*** Yale: bèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: benq
*** Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baang$^1$ / bang$^1$
*** Yale: bāang / bāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baang$^1$ / bang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bang$^1$ / beng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːŋ⁵⁵/, /pɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pan
*** MiniDict: pan$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$pan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pã⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ben$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pən³³/

#### Definitions

繃
* (chiefly Wu, Cantonese, dialectal Mandarin, in reduplication) intensifier used in ideophones
* (Wu, Xiang, dialectal Mandarin) very; terribly

#### Compounds

* 乾繃繃／干绷绷
* 小繃繃／小绷绷
* 急繃繃／急绷绷
* 扯繃繃／扯绷绷
* 橫繃繃／横绷绷
* 火繃繃／火绷绷
* 直繃繃／直绷绷
* 眼繃繃／眼绷绷
* 硬繃／硬绷
* 硬繃繃／硬绷绷 (yìngbēngbēng)
* 細繃繃／细绷绷
* 結繃繃／结绷绷
* 緊繃繃／紧绷绷
* 繃亮／绷亮
* 繃直／绷直
* 繃緊／绷紧 (bēngjǐn)
* 繃繃亮／绷绷亮
* 繃繃疼／绷绷疼
* 繃繃緊／绷绷紧
* 繃繃脹／绷绷胀
* 繃繃臭／绷绷臭
* 繃老／绷老
* 繃脆／绷脆
* 繃響／绷响
* 老繃繃／老绷绷
* 脆繃繃／脆绷绷
* 脹繃繃／胀绷绷
* 臭繃繃／臭绷绷
* 舊繃繃／旧绷绷

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひょう (hyō)
* Kan-on: ほう (hō)
* Kun: たばねる (tabaneru, 繃ねる)、つかね (tsukane)、まく (maku)

## Korean
### Hanja

繃 • (bung) (hangeul 붕, revised bung, McCune–Reischauer pung, Yale pung)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

繃: Hán Nôm readings: banh, băng, bắng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.