# سم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

* Root
* س م م (s m m)
* 3 terms
Compare Hebrew סַם.

#### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

سَمَّ • (samma) I (non-past يَسُمُّ (yasummu), verbal noun سَمّ (samm))
* to poison (someone, something)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /samm/, /summ/

#### Noun

سَمّ or سُمّ • (samm or summ) m (plural سُمُوم (sumūm) or سِمَام (simām))
* poison, toxin
* venom

##### Descendants

* → Swahili: sumu

### Etymology 1.3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /samm/

#### Noun

سَمّ • (samm) m
* verbal noun of سَمَّ (samma) (form I)

##### Declension
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /samm/, /summ/

#### Noun

سَمّ or سُمّ • (samm or summ) m (plural سُمُوم (sumūm) or سِمَام (simām))
* opening, hole
* eye (of a needle)
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:40:إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا عَنْهَا لَا تُفَتَّحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُ ٱلسَّمَاءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَلِجَ ٱلْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ ٱلْخِيَاطِʔinna llaḏīna kaḏḏabū bi-ʔāyātinā wa-stakbarū ʕanhā lā tufattaḥu lahum ʔabwābu s-samāʔi wa-lā yadḵulūna l-jannata ḥattā yalija l-jamalu fī sammi l-ḵiyāṭiIndeed, those who deny Our verses and are arrogant toward them: the gates of Heaven will not be opened for them, nor will they enter Paradise until a camel enters into the eye of a needle.

##### Declension
### Etymology 3.1
#### Verb

سِمْ • (sim) (form I) /sim/
* second-person masculine singular imperative of وَسَمَ (wasama)

### Etymology 3.2
#### Verb

سِمْ • (sim) (form I) /sim/
* second-person masculine singular imperative of وَسَمَ (wasama)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

سَمِّ • (sammi) (form II) /sam.mi/
* second-person masculine singular imperative of سَمَّى (sammā)

## Khalaj
### Noun

سُم (sum, süm) (definite accusative سُمۆ or سُموُ, plural سُملَر or سُملار)
* Arabic spelling of sum, süm (“hoof”)

#### Declension
## Moroccan Arabic

* Root
* س م م
* 2 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic سُمّ (summ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /summ/, /samm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

سُم or سَم • (summ or samm) m (plural سموم (smūm) or سمومة (smūma))
* poison, toxin
* (figuratively) jealousy
    علاش فيك السم؟ʕlāš fīk es-sammWhy are you jealous?(literally, “Why is there poison inside you?”)

#### Descendants

* French: seum

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic سُمّ (summ, “poison, toxin, venom”).

### Noun

سم • (sem, semm) (plural سمام)
* poison, venom
    Synonyms: اغو (ağu), اوت (ot), زهر (zehr)
* hole, perforation

#### Descendants

* Turkish: sem

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 690
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Venenum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1729
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 1665–1666
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1075

## Pashto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /səm/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

سم • (sëm)
* right, proper, correct

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic سَمّ (samm).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [samm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säm(ː)]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säm(ː)]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [säm(ː)]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [säm(ː)]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sæm(ː)]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [säm(ː)]

#### Noun

سم • (samm) (plural سموم)
* poison

### Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (swmb' /⁠sumb⁠/, “hoof”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sum]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sʊm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sʊm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sʊm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sum]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [som]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sum]

#### Noun

سم • (som)
* hoof

##### Descendants

* → Khalaj: sum