OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ডম্বৰু
## Assamese
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit डमरु (ḍamaru).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔm.bɔ.ɹu/

### Noun

ডম্বৰু • (domboru)
* (music) damaru

### References

* “ডম্বৰু”, in Candrakānta abhidhāna: Asamīyā śabdara butpatti āru udāharaṇere Asamīyā-Ingrājī dui bhashara artha thakā abhidhāna [Comprehensive dictionary of the Assamese language with etymology and illustrations of words with their meanings in Assamese and English], 2nd edition, Guwahati: Gauhati University, 1962, →OCLC.
# ডল
## Assamese

* Assamese verb set
* ডল (dol)
* ডলা (dola)
* ডলোৱা (dolüa)
* ডলোওৱা (dolüüa)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔl/

### Verb

ডল • (dol) (transitive)
* to prune
# 情債
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qíngzhài
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^4$ zaai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chêng-chè
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qíngzhài
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cíngjhài
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^2$-chai$^4$
*** Yale: chíng-jài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyngjay
*** Palladius: цинчжай (cinčžaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^4$ zaai$^3$
*** Yale: chìhng jaai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^4$ dzaai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^4$ zai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ t͡saːi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng-chè
*** Tâi-lô: tsîng-tsè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zengzex
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡se²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡se¹¹/

### Noun

情債
* debt of love
* Alternative name for 人情債／人情债 (rénqíngzhài, “debt of gratitude”).
# আরে
## Bengali
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀅𑀭𑁂 (are), from Sanskrit अरे (are), an onomatopoeic expression. Cognate with Assamese আৰে (are), Odia ଆରେ (āre), Hindi अरे (are), Gujarati અરે (are), Vaghri અરે (are), Marathi अरे (are), Kumaoni अरे (are), Sindhi اراي (are).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /aɾe/, [ˈaɾeˑ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /aɹe/, [ˈaɹeˑ]

### Interjection

আরে • (are)
* hello, hey, yo, um, uh (an expression to get attention or express various feelings: surprise, astonishment, anger, discontent, frustration, or shame)
# ভেনেজুয়েলা
## Bengali
### Proper noun

ভেনেজুয়েলা • (bhenejuẏela)
* Venezuela (a country in South America)
# 年富力強
## Chinese

| | | year | rich; abundant; to enrichrich; abundant; to enrich; resource | power; force; strength | strength; force; powerstrength; force; power; powerful; better |
| trad. (年富力強) | trad. (年富力強) | 年 | 富 | 力 | 強 |
| simp. (年富力强) | simp. (年富力强) | 年 | 富 | 力 | 强 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niánfùlìqiáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nin$^4$ fu$^3$ lik$^6$ koeng$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niánfùlìqiáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄑㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niánfùlìciáng
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^2$-fu$^4$-li$^4$-chʻiang$^2$
*** Yale: nyán-fù-lì-chyáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianfuhlihchyang
*** Palladius: няньфулицян (njanʹfulicjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn³⁵ fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nin$^4$ fu$^3$ lik$^6$ koeng$^4$
*** Yale: nìhn fu lihk kèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nin$^4$ fu$^3$ lik$^9$ koeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nin$^4$ fu$^3$ lig$^6$ kêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /niːn²¹ fuː³³ lɪk̚² kʰœːŋ²¹/

### Idiom

年富力強
* to be in the prime of one's life
# 年富力强
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 年富力强 – see 年富力強 (“to be in the prime of one's life”). (This term is the simplified form of 年富力強).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 年寄り
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 年 | 寄 |
| とし Grade: 1 | よ Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 年寄

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) としより [tòshíyóꜜrì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) としより [tòshíyóríꜜ] (Odaka – [4])
* IPA: [to̞ɕijo̞ɾʲi]

### Noun

年(とし)寄(よ)り • (toshiyori)
* (unisex) an elderly person
* (historical, in samurai clan) an elder
* (sumo) an elder

#### Synonyms

* (elderly person): (Kagoshima) とっしょい
* (of an old man): おじいさん
* (of an old woman): おばあさん
* 宿老
* 親方

### References

* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 年寄りの冷や水
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 年 | 寄 | 冷 | 水 |
| とし Grade: 1 | よ Grade: 5 | ひ Grade: 4 | みず Grade: 1 |

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞ɕijo̞ɾʲi no̞ çija̠mʲizɨ]

### Idiom

年(とし)寄(よ)りの冷(ひ)や水(みず) • (toshiyori no hiyamizu)
* indiscretions of an old man
# পাড়
## Bengali
### Alternative forms

* পাআড় (paaṛ)
* পাহাড় (pahaṛ) — Standard

### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀟 (*pāhāḍa, “mountain”). Cognate with Assamese পাহাৰ (pahar), Hindi पहाड़ (pahāṛ), Urdu پہاڑ, Nepali पहाड (pahāḍ), Punjabi ਪਹਾੜ (pahāṛ), Gujarati પહાડ (pahāḍ).

### Pronunciation

* (Vanga) IPA: /paɾ/, /ɸaɾ/

### Noun

পাড় • (paṛ) (Vanga)
* hill, mountain
    Synonym: পর্বত (porbot)
    গারো পাড়ের কিছু কিছু অংশ পাকিস্তানে পড়ছে। ― garo paṛer kisu kisu ôṅśô pakistane pôṛse. ― Some parts of the Garo Hills have fallen under Pakistan.
# পাঠা
## Bengali
### Etymology

Inherited from Magadhi Prakrit *𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀢𑀺 (*paṭṭhāveti), *𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀯𑀢𑀺 (*paṭṭhāvati), from Sanskrit प्रस्थापयति (prasthāpayati, “to send”, literally “to cause to place forward or toward”), from प्र- (pra-, “forward, toward”) +‎ स्थापयति (sthāpayati, “to cause to place”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *stʰaHáyati with medial -प्- (-p-) due to the stem ending with a vowel (perhaps from a substrate), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *staHáyati, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂éyeti (“to cause to stand”), the causative of *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate to Sylheti ꠙꠣꠑꠣꠘꠤ (faṭáni), Assamese পঠোৱা (pothüa), Odia ପଠାଇବ (paṭhāiba), Old Maithili 𑒣𑒚𑒰𑒫𑒃 (paṭāvai), Bhojpuri पठावल (paṭhāval), Awadhi पठवब (paṭhvab), Hindi पठाना (paṭhānā), Gujarati પઠાવ્વું (paṭhāvvũ), પાઠવવું (pāṭhavvũ), Punjabi ਪਠਾਉਣਾ (paṭhāuṇā), Sindhi پَٺَڻُ (paṭhaṇu), Marathi पाठवणे (pāṭhavṇe), Sinhalese පටවනවා (paṭawanawā).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /paʈʰa/, [ˈpaʈʰaˑ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /patʰa/, [ˈpatʰaˑ]

### Verb

পাঠা • (paṭha)
* to send

#### Derived terms

* পাঠানো (paṭhanō)

#### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “prátiṣṭhati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# বিঘা
## Assamese
### Etymology

From Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀳 (viggaha), from Sanskrit ৱিগ্ৰহ (vigraha, “separation, discord, war”). Doublet of বিগ্ৰহ (bigroh).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi.ɡʱa/

### Noun

বিঘা • (bigha)
* bigha, a land measure unit equal to 14,400 ft² in Assam.

#### See also

* কঠা (kotha)
* লেচা (lesa)
* পুৰা (pura)
* একৰ (ekor)
* হেক্টৰ (hektor)
# 慣性力
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guànxìnglì
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaan$^3$ sing$^3$ lik$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guànxìnglì
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guànsìnglì
*** Wade–Giles: kuan$^4$-hsing$^4$-li$^4$
*** Yale: gwàn-syìng-lì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guannshinqlih
*** Palladius: гуаньсинли (guanʹsinli)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwaan$^3$ sing$^3$ lik$^6$
*** Yale: gwaan sing lihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan$^3$ sing$^3$ lik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guan$^3$ xing$^3$ lig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷaːn³³ sɪŋ³³ lɪk̚²/

### Noun

慣性力
* (physics) fictitious force; pseudo force; inertial force
# 当惑
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 当 | 惑 |
| とう Grade: 2 | わく Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 當惑 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

当(とう)惑(わく) • (tōwaku)
* bewilderment
* embarrassment

### Verb

当(とう)惑(わく)する • (tōwaku suru) suru (stem 当(とう)惑(わく)し (tōwaku shi), past 当(とう)惑(わく)した (tōwaku shita))
* to become perplexed
* to become embarrassed
    わざとらしい会話(かいわ)に当惑(とうわく)した。
       Wazatorashii kaiwa ni tōwaku shita.
       We felt embarrassed by their theatrical conversation styles.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 当惑し | とうわくし | tōwaku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 当惑し | とうわくし | tōwaku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 当惑する | とうわくする | tōwaku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 当惑する | とうわくする | tōwaku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 当惑すれ | とうわくすれ | tōwaku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 当惑せよ¹ 当惑しろ² | とうわくせよ¹ とうわくしろ² | tōwaku seyo¹ tōwaku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 当惑される | とうわくされる | tōwaku sareru |
| Causative | 当惑させる 当惑さす | とうわくさせる とうわくさす | tōwaku saseru tōwaku sasu |
| Potential | 当惑できる | とうわくできる | tōwaku dekiru |
| Volitional | 当惑しよう | とうわくしよう | tōwaku shiyō |
| Negative | 当惑しない | とうわくしない | tōwaku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 当惑せず | とうわくせず | tōwaku sezu |
| Formal | 当惑します | とうわくします | tōwaku shimasu |
| Perfective | 当惑した | とうわくした | tōwaku shita |
| Conjunctive | 当惑して | とうわくして | tōwaku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 当惑すれば | とうわくすれば | tōwaku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# ચક્ર
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃək.ɾə/

### Noun

ચક્ર • (cakra) m
* circle
* spoked-wheel
* chakram (weapon)
# বাহানা
## Bengali
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بهانه (bahāna). Compare Hindi बहाना (bahānā), Gujarati બહાનું (bahānũ).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /bahana/, [ˈbahanaˑ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /bahana/, [ˈbahanaˑ]

### Noun

বাহানা • (bahana)
* excuse
* pretence
# মারা
## Bengali
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit मारयति (mārayati, “to kill”).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /maɾa/, [ˈmaɾaˑ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /maɾa/, [ˈmaɾaˑ]

### Verb

মারা • (mara)
* to kill
* to hit, to beat

#### Conjugation
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* mārā (Latin script)
* 𑀫𑀸𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* मारा (Devanagari script)
* මාරා (Sinhalese script)
* မာရာ or မႃရႃ (Burmese script)
* มารา (Thai script)
* ᨾᩣᩁᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ມາຣາ (Lao script)
* មារា (Khmer script)
* 𑄟𑄂𑄢𑄂 (Chakma script)

### Noun

মারা
* Bengali script form of mārā, ablative singular & nominative/vocative plural of মার (māra, “distraction”)

### Proper noun

মারা
* Bengali script form of mārā, ablative singular & nominative/vocative plural of মার (māra, “Mara”)
# 恵輔
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 恵 | 輔 |
| けい Grade: S | すけ Jinmeiyō |
| jūbakoyomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 惠輔 (kyūjitai)

### Proper noun

恵(けい)輔(すけ) • (Keisuke)
* a male given name
# 惊觉
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惊觉 – see 驚覺 (“to wake in a start; to be shocked awake”). (This term is the simplified form of 驚覺).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 惊讶
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惊讶 – see 驚訝 (“surprised; astonished; amazed; shocked”). (This term is the simplified form of 驚訝).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 惊青
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惊青 – see 驚青 (“scared; afraid; easily frightened; cowardly; flustered”). (This term is the simplified form of 驚青).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 戦力
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 戦 | 力 |
| せん Grade: 4 | りょく Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 戰力 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

戦(せん)力(りょく) • (senryoku)
* military power
* competitiveness (e.g. in sports)
* clout (e.g. of a union)

#### Derived terms

* 即戦力(そくせんりょく) (sokusenryoku)
# হার
## Bengali
### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /haːɾ/, [haːɾ], /haɾ/, [haɾ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /haːɹ/, [haːɹ], /haɹ/, [haɹ]

### Noun

হার • (har)
* necklace
    গলায় হার পড়েছে।golaẏ har poṛeche.They are wearing a necklace.
* defeat
    অবশেষে আমার বন্ধুকেও হার মানতে হল।ôbôśeśe amar bôndhukeo har mante hôlô.Finally even my friend had to accept defeat.
* rate (usually of growth, increase, etc.)
    Synonym: গতি (gotoi)
    কী হারে বাড়ি বানাচ্ছে!ki hare baṛi banacche!They're building houses so fast!(literally, “At what a rate are they building houses!”)
# ভনভন
## Bengali
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic. Cognate with Hindi भनभन (bhanbhan).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /bʱɔnbʱɔn/, [ˈbʱɔnbʱɔn], [ˈvɔnvɔn]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /bʱɔnbʱɔn/, [ˈbʱɔnbʱɔn], [ˈvɔnvɔn]

### Noun

ভনভন • (bhonbhon)
* hum
* buzz
# ভতিজা
## Assamese
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit भ्रात्रीय (bhrātrīya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʱɔ.ti.za/

### Noun

ভতিজা • (bhotiza)
* niece; a brother's son

#### Declension
### References

* “ভতিজা”, in Candrakānta abhidhāna: Asamīyā śabdara butpatti āru udāharaṇere Asamīyā-Ingrājī dui bhashara artha thakā abhidhāna [Comprehensive dictionary of the Assamese language with etymology and illustrations of words with their meanings in Assamese and English], 2nd edition, Guwahati: Gauhati University, 1962, →OCLC.
# ভতাৰ
## Assamese
### Alternative forms

* ভাতাৰ (bhatar) — Kamrupi, Goalpariya

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit ভৰ্তৃ (bhartṛ, “husband”). Cognate with Kamta ভাতাৰ (bhatar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʱɔ.taɹ/

### Noun

ভতাৰ • (bhotar)
* husband
    Synonyms: (common) গিৰি (giri), স্বামী (sami), পৈ (poi)

#### See also

* ঘৈণী (ghoini)
# 手懐ける
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 手 | 懐 |
| て Grade: 1 | なず Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 手懷ける (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 手懐ける – see the following entry. :
| 【てなずける】 | [verb] to tame (an animal) [verb] (by extension) to win over (a person) |
(This term, 手懐ける, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 房性
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fángxìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^4$ sing$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fángxìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fángsìng
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^2$-hsing$^4$
*** Yale: fáng-syìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farngshinq
*** Palladius: фансин (fansin)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^4$ sing$^3$
*** Yale: fòhng sing
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^4$ sing$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^4$ xing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³/

### Noun

房性
* (medicine) being of an atrial nature
# 惓惓
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惓惓 – see 拳拳 (“earnest; sincere; diligent; industrious; etc.”). (This term is a variant form of 拳拳).
# 惘然若失
## Chinese

| | | frustrated; disappointed; dejected | to seem; like; asto seem; like; as; if | to lose; to miss; to fail |
| trad. (惘然若失) | trad. (惘然若失) | 惘然 | 若 | 失 |
| simp. $^#$(惘然若失) | simp. $^#$(惘然若失) | 惘然 | 若 | 失 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wǎngránruòshī
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˇ ㄖㄢˊ ㄖㄨㄛˋ ㄕ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mong$^5$ jin$^4$ joek$^6$ sat$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wǎngránruòshī
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˇ ㄖㄢˊ ㄖㄨㄛˋ ㄕ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wǎngránruòshih
*** Wade–Giles: wang$^3$-jan$^2$-jo$^4$-shih$^1$
*** Yale: wǎng-rán-rwò-shr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woangranruohshy
*** Palladius: ванжаньжоши (vanžanʹžoši)
*** Sinological IPA : /wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐän³⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mong$^5$ jin$^4$ joek$^6$ sat$^1$
*** Yale: móhng yìhn yeuhk sāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mong$^5$ jin$^4$ joek$^9$ sat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mong$^5$ yin$^4$ yêg$^6$ sed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔːŋ¹³ jiːn²¹ jœːk̚² sɐt̚⁵/

### Idiom

惘然若失
* to be at a loss; to be frustrated
# ਮਿਸਰ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

### Proper noun

ਮਿਸਰ • (misar) f (Shahmukhi spelling مِصْر)
* Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
# ਮਿੱਟੀ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Punjabi ਮਿਟੀ (miṭī, “clay”), from Sanskrit मृत्तिका (mṛttikā, “earth, clay, loam”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɪʈ.ʈiː/

### Noun

ਮਿੱਟੀ • (miṭṭī) f (Shahmukhi spelling مِٹّی)
* clay
* soil

#### Declension
### References

* “ਮਿੱਟੀ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mŕ̊ttikā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# ਮਿਸਾਲ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مثال (mis̱âl), from Arabic مِثَال (miṯāl).

### Noun

ਮਿਸਾਲ • (misāl) f (Shahmukhi spelling مثال)
* example, instance, illustration
* model, ideal

#### Synonyms

* (example): ਉਦਾਹਰਨ (udāhran)

#### Related terms

* ਬੇਮਿਸਾਲ (bemisāl, “matchless”, adjective)
* ਮਸਲਨ (maslan, “for example”, adverb)

### Further reading

* “ਮਿਸਾਲ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
# ਮਿੱਤਰਤਾ
## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* ਮਿੱਤਰਤਾਈ (mittartāī)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit मित्रता (mitratā). Equivalent to ਮਿੱਤਰ (mittar) +‎ -ਤਾ (-tā).

### Noun

ਮਿੱਤਰਤਾ • (mittartā) f (Shahmukhi spelling مِتّرتا)
* friendship
    Synonym: ਦੋਸਤੀ (dostī)

### Further reading

* “ਮਿੱਤਰਤਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
# ક્લાસ
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Borrowed from English class.

### Noun

ક્લાસ • (klās) m
* class
# 拉麪
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 拉麪 – see 拉麵 (“lamian; hand-pulled noodles”). (This term is a variant form of 拉麵).
# 拉齐奥
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 拉齐奥 – see 拉齊奧. (This term is the simplified form of 拉齊奧).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 拉麺
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 拉 | 麺 |
| ら > らあ Grade: S | めん Grade: S |
| kan'yōon | goon |
* Alternative spelling
* 拉麵 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 拉麺 – see the following entry. :
| 【ラーメンらーめん】 | [noun] ramen, a type of Chinese-style noodle dish Alternative spellings 老麺, 柳麺, らあめん |
(This term, 拉麺, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# ଅଣଓସାର
## Odia
### Etymology

ଅଣ- (aṇa-) +‎ ଓସାର (osāra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɳɔosaɾɔ/

### Adjective

ଅଣଓସାର (aṇaosāra)
* narrow

### References

* Praharaj, Gopala Chandra (1931—1940) “ଅଣଓସାର”, in Purnnacandra Odia Bhashakosha, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press
# ଅଣ୍ଡିରା
## Odia
### Etymology

From ଅଣ୍ଡା (aṇḍā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɳɖiɾa/

### Adjective

ଅଣ୍ଡିରା (aṇḍirā)
* male
# ଅଣତିରିଶ
## Odia
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit ऊनत्रिंशत् (ūnatriṃśat). Cognate to Bengali ঊনত্রিশ (untriś) and Hindi उनतीस (untīs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɳɔt̪iɾisɔ/

### Numeral

ଅଣତିରିଶ (aṇatiriśa)
* twenty-nine, 29

### References

* Praharaj, Gopala Chandra (1931—1940) “ଅଣତିରିଶ”, in Purnnacandra Odia Bhashakosha, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press
# ଅଣଚାଳିଶ
## Odia
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit ऊनचत्वारिंशत् (ūnacatvāriṃśat). Cognate to Bengali ঊনচল্লিশ (uncolliś) and Hindi उनतालीस (untālīs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɳɔt͡ʃaɭisɔ/

### Numeral

ଅଣଚାଳିଶ (aṇacāḷiśa)
* thirty-nine, 39

### References

* Praharaj, Gopala Chandra (1931—1940) “ଅଣଚାଳିଶ”, in Purnnacandra Odia Bhashakosha, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press
# 愛沙尼亞語
## Chinese

| | | Estonia | speech; language; dialectspeech; language; dialect; tell to |
| trad. (愛沙尼亞語) | trad. (愛沙尼亞語) | 愛沙尼亞 | 語 |
| simp. (爱沙尼亚语) | simp. (爱沙尼亚语) | 爱沙尼亚 | 语 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Àishāníyàyǔ, Àishāníyǎyǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄩˇ, ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄩˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jyu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Àishāníyàyǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Àishaníyàyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: Ai$^4$-sha$^1$-ni$^2$-ya$^4$-yü$^3$
*** Yale: Ài-shā-ní-yà-yǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ayshaniyahyeu
*** Palladius: Айшанияюй (Ajšanijajuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, common variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Àishāníyǎyǔ [Phonetic: àishāníyáyǔ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Àishaníyǎyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: Ai$^4$-sha$^1$-ni$^2$-ya$^3$-yü$^3$
*** Yale: Ài-shā-ní-yǎ-yǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ayshaniyeayeu
*** Palladius: Айшанияюй (Ajšanijajuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jyu$^5$
*** Yale: oi sā nèih a yúh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jy$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: oi$^3$ sa$^1$ néi$^4$ a$^3$ yu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːi̯³³ saː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³ jyː¹³/

### Proper noun

愛沙尼亞語
* the Estonian language
# 愛沙尼亞人
## Chinese

| | | Estonia | man; person; people |
| trad. (愛沙尼亞人) | trad. (愛沙尼亞人) | 愛沙尼亞 | 人 |
| simp. (爱沙尼亚人) | simp. (爱沙尼亚人) | 爱沙尼亚 | 人 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Àishāníyàrén, Àishāníyǎrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄖㄣˊ, ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Àishāníyàrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Àishaníyàrén
*** Wade–Giles: Ai$^4$-sha$^1$-ni$^2$-ya$^4$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: Ài-shā-ní-yà-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ayshaniyahren
*** Palladius: Айшанияжэнь (Ajšanijažɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, common variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Àishāníyǎrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ ㄕㄚ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Àishaníyǎrén
*** Wade–Giles: Ai$^4$-sha$^1$-ni$^2$-ya$^3$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: Ài-shā-ní-yǎ-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ayshaniyearen
*** Palladius: Айшанияжэнь (Ajšanijažɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: oi sā nèih a yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: oi$^3$ saa$^1$ nei$^4$ aa$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: oi$^3$ sa$^1$ néi$^4$ a$^3$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːi̯³³ saː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³ jɐn²¹/

### Noun

愛沙尼亞人
* Estonian (one who is from Estonia)