# युग
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit युग (yugá).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /jʊɡ/

### Noun

युग • (yug) m (Urdu spelling یگ)
* age, epoch

#### Related terms

* योग (yog)

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* yuga (Latin script)
* 𑀬𑀼𑀕 (Brahmi script)
* যুগ (Bengali script)
* යුග (Sinhalese script)
* ယုဂ or ယုၷ (Burmese script)
* ยุค or ยุคะ (Thai script)
* ᨿᩩᨣ (Tai Tham script)
* ຍຸຄ or ຍຸຄະ or ຢຸຄະ (Lao script)
* យុគ (Khmer script)
* 𑄠𑄪𑄉 (Chakma script)

### Noun

युग n
* Devanagari script form of yuga (“pair; generation”)

#### Declension
### Noun

युग m
* Devanagari script form of yuga (“yoke”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* যুগ (Assamese script)
* ᬬᬸᬕ (Balinese script)
* যুগ (Bengali script)
* 𑰧𑰲𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀬𑀼𑀕 (Brahmi script)
* ယုဂ (Burmese script)
* યુગ (Gujarati script)
* ਯੁਗ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌯𑍁𑌗 (Grantha script)
* ꦪꦸꦒ (Javanese script)
* 𑂨𑂳𑂏 (Kaithi script)
* ಯುಗ (Kannada script)
* យុគ (Khmer script)
* ຍຸຄ (Lao script)
* യുഗ (Malayalam script)
* ᠶᡠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘧𑘳𑘐 (Modi script)
* ᠶ᠋ᠤᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧇𑧔𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐫𑐸𑐐 (Newa script)
* ଯୁଗ (Odia script)
* ꢫꢸꢔ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆪𑆶𑆓 (Sharada script)
* 𑖧𑖲𑖐 (Siddham script)
* යුග (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩻𑩒𑩞 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚣𑚰𑚌 (Takri script)
* யுக³ (Tamil script)
* యుగ (Telugu script)
* ยุค (Thai script)
* ཡུ་ག (Tibetan script)
* 𑒨𑒳𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨪𑨃𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬎𐬎𐬀 (yuua), Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón), Latin iugum, Old English ġeoc (whence English yoke). The Sanskrit root is युज् (yuj).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ju.ɡɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈju.ɡɐ/

### Noun

युग • (yugá) stem, n
* (literally) yoke
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.53.17:स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि। इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व॥sthiraú gā́vau bhavatāṃ vīḷúrákṣo méṣā́ ví varhi mā́ yugáṃ ví śāri. índraḥ pātalyè dadatāṃ śárītoráriṣṭaneme abhí naḥ sacasva.Strong be the pair of oxen, firm the axles, let not the pole slip nor the yoke be broken. May Indra, keep the yoke-pins from decaying: attend us, thou whose fellies are uninjured.
* brace
* pair, couple, team (especially of animals)
* a race of men, generation
* a period or astronomical cycle of 5 (rarely 6) years, a lustrum (especially in the cycle of Jupiter)
* an age of the world, long mundane period of years, an eon, era
** c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā IV.8:परित्राणाय साधूनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्। धर्मसंस्थापनार्थाय संभवामि युगे युगे॥paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām. dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya saṃbhavāmi yuge yuge.To deliver the pious and destroy the miscreants and to reestablish Dharma, I appear eon after eon.
* a measure of length
* name of a particular position or configuration of the moon

#### Related terms

* योग (yóga)

#### Descendants

* Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
** Bengali: জোয়াল (jōẇal)
* Dardic:
** Kalasha: ǰu (“yoke”)
** Torwali: يو (yū)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀅 (jua)
** Marathi: जुंव (juuva), जुवाली (juvālī), युग (yug)
** Konkani: जु (zu)
* Sauraseni Prakrit:
** Hindi: जूआ (jūā)
** Nepali: जुवा (juwā)
** Urdu: جوا (jūā)
* → Bengali: যুগ (jug)
* → Hindi: युग (yug)
* → Malayalam: യുഗം (yugaṁ)
* → Marathi: युग (yug)
* → Old Javanese: yuga (see there for further descendants)
* → Punjabi: ਯੁਗ (yug)
* → Tamil: யுகம் (yukam), உகம் (ukam), நுகம் (nukam)
* → Telugu: యుగము (yugamu)

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “युग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 854.