# 損傷
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǔnshāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄣˇ ㄕㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): syun$^2$ soeng$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sún-sông
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sún-siong / sún-siang / súiⁿ-siang
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sung$^2$ sion$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǔnshāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄣˇ ㄕㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǔnshang
*** Wade–Giles: sun$^3$-shang$^1$
*** Yale: swǔn-shāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: soenshang
*** Palladius: суньшан (sunʹšan)
*** Sinological IPA : /su̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: syun$^2$ soeng$^1$
*** Yale: syún sēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: syn$^2$ soeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xun$^2$ sêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /syːn³⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sún-sông
*** Hakka Romanization System: sun$^ˋ$ song$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sun$^3$ song$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sun³¹ soŋ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sún-siong
*** Tâi-lô: sún-siong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: swnsiofng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /sun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sun⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sún-siang
*** Tâi-lô: sún-siang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: swnsiafng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: súiⁿ-siang
*** Tâi-lô: suínn-siang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svuysiafng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /suĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sung$^2$ sion$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: súng sioⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /suŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ sĩõ³³/

### Verb

損傷
* to harm; to damage
* to injure; to impair

#### Synonyms

* (to harm):
* 傷害／伤害 (shānghài)
* 危及 (wēijí)
* 危害 (wēihài)
* 妨害 (fánghài)
* 戕害 (qiānghài) (literary)
* 戕賊／戕贼 (literary)
* 損／损 (sǔn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 損害／损害 (sǔnhài)
* 暴害 (bàohài) (literary)
* 有傷／有伤 (yǒushāng) (chiefly used in derived terms)
* 禍／祸 (huò) (literary, or in compounds)
* 禍害／祸害 (huòhài)

### Noun

損傷
* harm; damage; deterioration
* injury; impairment
* loss
* (pathology) lesion
    皮膚損傷／皮肤损伤 ― pífū sǔnshāng ― skin lesion

### Derived terms

* 創傷性腦損傷／创伤性脑损伤 (chuāngshāngxìng nǎosǔnshāng)
* 腦損傷／脑损伤 (nǎosǔnshāng)
* 跌打損傷／跌打损伤 (diēdǎsǔnshāng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 損 | 傷 |
| そん Grade: 5 | しょう Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) そんしょー [sòńshóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sõ̞ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

### Noun

損(そん)傷(しょう) • (sonshō)
* damage, injury

### Verb

損(そん)傷(しょう)する • (sonshō suru) suru (stem 損(そん)傷(しょう)し (sonshō shi), past 損(そん)傷(しょう)した (sonshō shita))
* to damage, to injure

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 損傷し | そんしょうし | sonshō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 損傷し | そんしょうし | sonshō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 損傷する | そんしょうする | sonshō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 損傷する | そんしょうする | sonshō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 損傷すれ | そんしょうすれ | sonshō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 損傷せよ¹ 損傷しろ² | そんしょうせよ¹ そんしょうしろ² | sonshō seyo¹ sonshō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 損傷される | そんしょうされる | sonshō sareru |
| Causative | 損傷させる 損傷さす | そんしょうさせる そんしょうさす | sonshō saseru sonshō sasu |
| Potential | 損傷できる | そんしょうできる | sonshō dekiru |
| Volitional | 損傷しよう | そんしょうしよう | sonshō shiyō |
| Negative | 損傷しない | そんしょうしない | sonshō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 損傷せず | そんしょうせず | sonshō sezu |
| Formal | 損傷します | そんしょうします | sonshō shimasu |
| Perfective | 損傷した | そんしょうした | sonshō shita |
| Conjunctive | 損傷して | そんしょうして | sonshō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 損傷すれば | そんしょうすれば | sonshō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 損 | 傷 |

### Noun

損傷 • (sonsang) (hangeul 손상)
* hanja form of 손상 (“harm; damage; injury”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 損 | 傷 |

### Verb

損傷
* chữ Hán form of tổn thương (“to harm; to damage; to wound; to injure”).