OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 人骨
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): réngǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ gwat$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: réngǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: réngǔ
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-ku$^3$
*** Yale: rén-gǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renguu
*** Palladius: жэньгу (žɛnʹgu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ gwat$^1$
*** Yale: yàhn gwāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ gwat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ gued$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ kʷɐt̚⁵/

### Noun

人骨
* human bone

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 人骨(じんこつ) (jinkotsu)
* → Korean: 인골(人骨) (in'gol)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 人 | 骨 |
| じん Grade: 1 | こつ Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑĩŋko̞t͡sɨ]

### Noun

人(じん)骨(こつ) • (jinkotsu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 人體工程學
## Chinese

| | | human body; human organism | engineering |
| trad. (人體工程學) | trad. (人體工程學) | 人體 | 工程學 |
| simp. (人体工程学) | simp. (人体工程学) | 人体 | 工程学 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): réntǐ gōngchéngxué
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄊㄧˇ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ tai$^2$ gung$^1$ cing$^4$ hok$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: réntǐ gōngchéngxué
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄊㄧˇ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: réntǐ gongchéngsyué
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-tʻi$^3$ kung$^1$-chʻêng$^2$-hsüeh$^2$
*** Yale: rén-tǐ gūng-chéng-sywé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rentii gongcherngshyue
*** Palladius: жэньти гунчэнсюэ (žɛnʹti gunčɛnsjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ tai$^2$ gung$^1$ cing$^4$ hok$^6$
*** Yale: yàhn tái gūng chìhng hohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ tai$^2$ gung$^1$ tsing$^4$ hok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ tei$^2$ gung$^1$ qing$^4$ hog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ tʰɐi̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ hɔːk̚²/

### Noun

人體工程學
* ergonomics

#### Synonyms

* 工效學／工效学 (gōngxiàoxué)
* 人類工程學／人类工程学 (rénlèi gōngchéngxué)
# 荒城
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 荒 | 城 |
| こう Grade: S | じょう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | goon |
/kʷau zʲau/ → /kʷɔːʑɔː/ → /koːʑoː/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 荒 (kō, “desolate”) +‎ 城 (jō, “castle”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーじょー [kòójóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːʑo̞ː]

#### Noun

荒(こう)城(じょう) • (kōjō)
* a castle in ruins
** 1901, “Kōjō no Tsuki [Moon over the Ruined Castle]”, Bansui Doi (lyrics), Rentarō Taki (music):
    今(いま)荒(くわう)城(じやう)の夜半(よは)の月(つき)　替(か)はらぬ光(ひかり)誰(た)がためぞ
       ima kōjō no yowa no tsuki kawaranu hikari ta ga tame zo
       Now, for whose sake, doth the ruined castle [under the] midnight moon shine with Her unchanging light?

##### See also

* 古(こ)城(じょう) (kojō)
* 名(めい)城(じょう) (meijō)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 荒 | 城 |
| あら Grade: S | き Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 殯
From 荒 (ara-, “crude, rough”) +‎ 城 (ki, “fortified structure → castle, fortress”).

#### Noun

荒(あら)城(き) • (araki)
* (archaic) a temporary location where a deceased nobleman is enshrined during a period of mourning before the proper burial mound is completed

##### Derived terms

* 大(おお)荒(あら)城(き) (ōaraki)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 荒削り
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 荒 | 削 |
| あら Grade: S | けず Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 荒削り – see the following entry. :
| 【あらけずり】 | [adjective] roughly carved or shaped by knife [adjective] (by extension) imperfect [noun] rough carving or shaping by knife [noun] (by extension) imperfection [verb] to roughly carve or shape by knife Alternative spelling 粗削り |
(This term, 荒削り, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 虐狗
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nüègǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nüègǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nyuègǒu
*** Wade–Giles: nüeh$^4$-kou$^3$
*** Yale: nywè-gǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niuehgoou
*** Palladius: нюэгоу (njuegou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ny̯ɛ⁵¹ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Verb

虐狗
* (literally) to torture a dog
* (neologism, slang, humorous) to torture the “single dog” (單身狗), i.e. to “torture” an unpartnered person by publicly displaying one's affection in a couple

#### Synonyms

* (to publicly display affection): 親熱／亲热 (qīnrè), (neologism, slang) 秀恩愛／秀恩爱 (xiù ēn'ài)
# 保证书
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 保证书 – see 保證書 (“written pledge; letter of guarantee”). (This term is the simplified form of 保證書).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 莱佛士坊
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 莱佛士坊 – see 萊佛士坊 (“Raffles Place”). (This term is the simplified form of 萊佛士坊).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 莱克多巴胺
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 莱克多巴胺 – see 萊克多巴胺 (“ractopamine”). (This term is the simplified form of 萊克多巴胺).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 入室
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rùshì, rùshǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˋ ㄕˋ, ㄖㄨˋ ㄕˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jap$^6$ sat$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rùshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˋ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rùshìh
*** Wade–Giles: ju$^4$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: rù-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruhshyh
*** Palladius: жуши (žuši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$入世 入仕 入室
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rùshǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˋ ㄕˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rùshǐh
*** Wade–Giles: ju$^4$-shih$^3$
*** Yale: rù-shř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruhshyy
*** Palladius: жуши (žuši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jap$^6$ sat$^1$
*** Yale: yahp sāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jap$^9$ sat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yeb$^6$ sed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐp̚² sɐt̚⁵/

### Verb

入室
* (literal) to enter someone's house or room
* (figurative) to gain mastery of

#### Derived terms

* 入室操戈
* 入室盜竊／入室盗窃 (rùshì dàoqiè)
* 引狼入室 (yǐnlángrùshì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 入 | 室 |
| にゅう Grade: 1 | しつ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɲ̟ɨːɕit͡sɨ]

### Noun

入(にゅう)室(しつ) • (nyūshitsu)
* entering a room
* studying under a Buddhist teacher

### Verb

入(にゅう)室(しつ)する • (nyūshitsu suru) suru (stem 入(にゅう)室(しつ)し (nyūshitsu shi), past 入(にゅう)室(しつ)した (nyūshitsu shita))
* to enter a room
* to study under a Buddhist teacher

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 入室し | にゅうしつし | nyūshitsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 入室し | にゅうしつし | nyūshitsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 入室する | にゅうしつする | nyūshitsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 入室する | にゅうしつする | nyūshitsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 入室すれ | にゅうしつすれ | nyūshitsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 入室せよ¹ 入室しろ² | にゅうしつせよ¹ にゅうしつしろ² | nyūshitsu seyo¹ nyūshitsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 入室される | にゅうしつされる | nyūshitsu sareru |
| Causative | 入室させる 入室さす | にゅうしつさせる にゅうしつさす | nyūshitsu saseru nyūshitsu sasu |
| Potential | 入室できる | にゅうしつできる | nyūshitsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 入室しよう | にゅうしつしよう | nyūshitsu shiyō |
| Negative | 入室しない | にゅうしつしない | nyūshitsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 入室せず | にゅうしつせず | nyūshitsu sezu |
| Formal | 入室します | にゅうしつします | nyūshitsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 入室した | にゅうしつした | nyūshitsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 入室して | にゅうしつして | nyūshitsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 入室すれば | にゅうしつすれば | nyūshitsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Antonyms

* 退室(たいしつ) (taishitsu)
# 虛字
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xūzì
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ ㄗˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xūzì
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ ㄗˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuzìh
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^1$-tzŭ$^4$
*** Yale: syū-dz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiutzyh
*** Palladius: сюйцзы (sjujczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

### Noun

虛字
* (linguistics) function word

#### Synonyms

* 虛字眼／虚字眼 (xūzìyǎn)

#### Antonyms

* 實字／实字 (shízì)
# 虛勢
## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 虛 | 勢 |

### Noun

虛勢 • (heose) (hangeul 허세)
* hanja form of 허세 (“brag; bluff; showing off”)
# 虛報
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xūbào
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ ㄅㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): heoi$^1$ bou$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hir-pò / hu-pò / hi-pò
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xūbào
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ ㄅㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syubào
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^1$-pao$^4$
*** Yale: syū-bàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiubaw
*** Palladius: сюйбао (sjujbao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: heoi$^1$ bou$^3$
*** Yale: hēui bou
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoey$^1$ bou$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hêu$^1$ bou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɵy̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hir-pò
*** Tâi-lô: hir-pò
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɯ³³ po⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hu-pò
*** Tâi-lô: hu-pò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hu'poix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁴⁴⁻²² po²¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hi-pò
*** Tâi-lô: hi-pò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hi'poix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi⁴⁴⁻³³ pɤ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hi⁴⁴⁻³³ po¹¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi⁴⁴⁻²² po²¹/

### Verb

虛報
* to falsely report; to lie about

#### Synonyms

* 謊報／谎报 (huǎngbào)
# 俭

| 俭 | U+4FED, &#20461; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FED |
| ← 俬 [U+4FEC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 修 → [U+4FEE] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 儉 |
| Shinjitai | 倹 |
| Simplified | 俭 |

### Han character

俭 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人人一一 (OOMM), composition ⿰亻佥)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 106, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 163, character 8
* Unihan data for U+4FED

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 俭 – see 儉 (“frugal; thrifty; modest; moderate; temperate; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 儉).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 蚀痕
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蚀痕 – see 蝕痕 (“traces of goods or liquid after corrosion”). (This term is the simplified form of 蝕痕).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 蚀秤头
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蚀秤头 – see 蝕秤頭 (“to incur damages and loss to goods in the course of reweighing”). (This term is the simplified form of 蝕秤頭).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 八不用
## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 八 | 不 | 用 |

### Noun

八不用 • (palburyong) (hangeul 팔불용)
* hanja form of 팔불용 (“good-for-nothing”)
# 八九六四
## Chinese

| | | | June 4; the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 |
| trad. (八九六四) | trad. (八九六四) | 八九 | 六四 |
| simp. $^#$(八九六四) | simp. $^#$(八九六四) | 八九 | 六四 |
| alternative forms | alternative forms | 8964 | 8964 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): BājiǔLiù-Sì
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄙˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: BājiǔLiù-Sì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄙˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Bajiǒuliòusìh
*** Wade–Giles: Pa$^1$-chiu$^3$-liu$^4$-ssŭ$^4$
*** Yale: Bā-jyǒu-lyòu-sz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bajeouliowsyh
*** Palladius: Бацзюлюсы (Baczjuljusy)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

### Proper noun

八九六四
* the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests

#### Synonyms

* 六四事件 (Liù-Sì Shìjiàn)
# 蛇鳗
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蛇鳗 – see 蛇鰻 (“snake eel (family Ophichthidae”). (This term is the simplified form of 蛇鰻).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 裌襖
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 裌襖 – see 夾襖 (“lined jacket”). (This term is a variant form of 夾襖).
# 裊裊
## Chinese

| | | delicate; graceful | delicate; graceful |
| trad. (裊裊/嫋嫋/褭褭/嬝嬝) | trad. (裊裊/嫋嫋/褭褭/嬝嬝) | 裊/嫋/褭/嬝 | 裊/嫋/褭/嬝 |
| simp. (袅袅) | simp. (袅袅) | 袅 | 袅 |
| nonstandard simp. | nonstandard simp. | 𬡇𬡇 | 𬡇𬡇 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niǎoniǎo
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄠˇ ㄋㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): niu$^5$ niu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niǎoniǎo [Phonetic: niáoniǎo]
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄠˇ ㄋㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niǎoniǎo
*** Wade–Giles: niao$^3$-niao$^3$
*** Yale: nyǎu-nyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neauneau
*** Palladius: няоняо (njaonjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: niu$^5$ niu$^5$
*** Yale: níuh níuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: niu$^5$ niu$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: niu$^5$ niu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /niːu̯¹³ niːu̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: newX newX
Rime :
| Character | 裊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 奴鳥切 |
| Baxter | newX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /neu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /neu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /neu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɛw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /neu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /nieu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /nieu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | niǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | niu$^5$ |

### Adjective

裊裊
* (literary, ideophonic, of smoke etc.) slowly billowing upwards; curling upwards; spiralling up
    From: My People, My Country (song)
    niǎoniǎo chuīyān, xiǎoxiǎo cūnluò [Pinyin]
    Billowing wisps of smoke, [from] small villages
* (literary, ideophonic, of something soft and delicate) waving back and forth in the wind
    From: late 1400s, 金時習 (Kim Si-seup), 《李生窺牆傳》, 《金鰲新話》
    Yi saeng sang hyeop chaek ye hak, sang gwa Choe ssi ji ga. Buk dam oe suyang nyonyo, susip ju hwanyeol. Yi saeng ge eo gi ha. [Sino-Korean]
    When Student Yi held a book under his arm and walked to the Academy, he would always pass by Lady Choi's house. Outside the north wall, willow trees waved in the wind; many tens of them formed a circle around [the lady's house]. Student Yi would relax under them.
    From: 1700s, 陳端生 《再生緣·第七回·皇甫子法網逃生》
    Fēnfēn gōngnǚ piāo hóng xiù, duì duì guānyuán zhí bǎo dēng. Zhǎngshàn fēnkāi xiāng niǎoniǎo, jūnwáng zǎo yǐ zuò cháotíng. [Pinyin]
    In great crowds, the court ladies wave their red sleeves; line by line, the officials hold their treasure-lanterns. The ceremonial fans part from each other, a fragrance waves in the wind; the monarch has come early to hold court.
* (literary, ideophonic, of voice) lingering in the air

#### Derived terms

* 亭亭裊裊／亭亭袅袅
* 娉娉裊裊／娉娉袅袅
* 婷婷裊裊／婷婷袅袅
* 炊煙裊裊／炊烟袅袅
* 細裊裊／细袅袅
* 裊裊上升／袅袅上升
* 裊裊不絕／袅袅不绝
* 裊裊亭亭／袅袅亭亭
* 裊裊娉娉／袅袅娉娉
* 裊裊娜娜／袅袅娜娜
* 裊裊婷婷／袅袅婷婷
* 裊裊炊煙／袅袅炊烟
* 裊裊餘音／袅袅余音
* 輕裊裊／轻袅袅
* 餘音裊裊／余音袅袅
# 八路軍
## Chinese

* 八路軍

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Bālùjūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄩㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baat$^3$ lou$^6$ gwan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Bālùjūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄩㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Balùjyun
*** Wade–Giles: Pa$^1$-lu$^4$-chün$^1$
*** Yale: Bā-lù-jyūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Baluhjiun
*** Palladius: Балуцзюнь (Baluczjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baat$^3$ lou$^6$ gwan$^1$
*** Yale: baat louh gwān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baat$^8$ lou$^6$ gwan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bad$^3$ lou$^6$ guen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːt̚³ lou̯²² kʷɐn⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

八路軍
* (military, historical) Eighth Route Army

#### Synonyms

* 八路 (Bālù)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 八(はち)路(ろ)軍(ぐん) (hachirogun)
Others:
* → Tibetan: པ་ལུའུ་ཅུན (pa lu'u cun)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 八 | 路 | 軍 |
| はち Grade: 1 | ろ Grade: 3 | ぐん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi |||

### Alternative forms

* パールー軍(ぐん) (Pārū-gun)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ha̠t͡ɕiɾo̞ɡɯ̟̃ɴ]

### Proper noun

八(はち)路(ろ)軍(ぐん) • (Hachirogun)
* (military, historical) Eighth Route Army
# 保泰松
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǎotàisōng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄙㄨㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǎotàisōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄙㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǎotàisong
*** Wade–Giles: pao$^3$-tʻai$^4$-sung$^1$
*** Yale: bǎu-tài-sūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baotaysong
*** Palladius: баотайсун (baotajsun)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

### Noun

保泰松
* (pharmacology) phenylbutazone
# 公函
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōnghán
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ ㄏㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gung$^1$ haam$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kong-hâm
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōnghán
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄏㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gonghán
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$-han$^2$
*** Yale: gūng-hán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongharn
*** Palladius: гунхань (gunxanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ xän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gung$^1$ haam$^4$
*** Yale: gūng hàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gung$^1$ haam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gung$^1$ ham$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ haːm²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong-hâm
*** Tâi-lô: kong-hâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: konghaam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ham²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³ ham²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ham¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ham²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ham²³/

### Noun

公函
* official correspondence

#### Coordinate terms

* 便函 (biànhán)
* 私函 (sīhán)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: công hàm (公函)
# 襄陽
## Chinese

* 襄陽 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 襄陽 (Cantonese)
* Siŏng-iòng (Eastern Min)
* Siong-iông-chhī (Southern Min)
* 襄阳市 (Wu)
* Xiangyang (English)

### Etymology

Surprisingly unclear.
襄 (xiāng) is speculated to imply "tall and prone to floods", which is recorded in the Book of Documents. The city precincts received chronic floods up until the 1930's.
The term 陽／阳 (yáng, “sunny”) is typically used to refer to establishments on the north bank of a river or the south side of a mountain. Xiangyang is, however, situated north of Mount Hua and on the south bank of the Han River. The settlement north of the Han is Fancheng).
Several theories have been proposed, though very little geographical evidence has been found for any of them. Some include:
* The Han River may have flowed south of Xiangyang, hence the modern-day bend just east of the city
* There was a small river called the Xiang that used to flow south of the city
* There was a "Mount Xiang" in the past that was north of Xiangyang

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Xiāngyáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ ㄧㄤˊ
* Eastern Min (BUC): Siŏng-iòng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Siong-iông
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shian-yan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Xiāngyáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Siangyáng
*** Wade–Giles: Hsiang$^1$-yang$^2$
*** Yale: Syāng-yáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiangyang
*** Palladius: Сянъян (Sjanʺjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Siŏng-iòng
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵⁵ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋyoŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siong-iông
*** Tâi-lô: Siong-iông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siong'ioong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shian-yan
*** MiniDict: shian$^平$ yan
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xian-hhian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

### Proper noun

襄陽
* (～市) Xiangyang (a prefecture-level city in Hubei, China)
* (～區) (historical) Xiangyang (a district of Xiangfan, Hubei, China)
* (～郡) Yangyang (a county of Gangwon Province, South Korea)

#### Synonyms

* 襄樊 (Xiāngfán)

#### Descendants

* → English: Xiangyang, Siangyang, Siang-yang, Hsiang-yang
# 共圓
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gòngyuán
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄩㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gòngyuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gòngyuán
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^4$-yüan$^2$
*** Yale: gùng-ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqyuan
*** Palladius: гунъюань (gunʺjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

### Verb

共圓
* (geometry) to be concyclic
    證明四點共圓／证明四点共圆 ― zhèngmíng sìdiǎn gòngyuán ― to show that four points lie on a common circle
# 街头艺人
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 街头艺人 – see 街頭藝人 (“street performer; busker”). (This term is the simplified form of 街頭藝人).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 街子
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiēzi
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ ˙ㄗ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiēzi
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ ˙ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiezi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^1$-tzŭ$^5$
*** Yale: jyē-dz
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jie.tzy
*** Palladius: цзецзы (czeczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

### Noun

街子
* (dialectal) marketplace; market

#### Derived terms

* 趕街子／赶街子