# 分析
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēnxī
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣ ㄒㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^1$ sik$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭng-sék
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hun-sek / hun-siak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hung$^1$ sêg$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$fen-shiq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēnxī → fēnxi (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ ㄒㄧ → ㄈㄣ ˙ㄒㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fensi̊
*** Wade–Giles: fên$^1$-hsi$^5$
*** Yale: fēn-syi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fen.shi
*** Palladius: фэньси (fɛnʹsi)
*** Sinological IPA : /fən⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/ → /fən⁵⁵ ɕi²/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^1$ sik$^1$
*** Yale: fān sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^1$ sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^1$ xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭng-sék
*** Sinological IPA : /huŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(s-)}$nɛiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-sek
*** Tâi-lô: hun-sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hunseg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-siak
*** Tâi-lô: hun-siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hunsiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ siak̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hung$^1$ sêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung sek
*** Sinological IPA : /huŋ³³⁻²³ sek̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$fen-shiq
*** MiniDict: fen$^平$ shih
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$fen-xiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fən⁵⁵ ɕiɪʔ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: pjun sek
Rime :
| Character | 分 | 析 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 府文切 | 先擊切 |
| Baxter | pjun | sek |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨun/ | /sek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piun/ | /sek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuən/ | /sɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pun/ | /sɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /piuən/ | /sek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuən/ | /siek̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pi̯uən/ | /siek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fēn | xi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fan$^1$ | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə[n] [s]ˤek/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯn seːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 分 | 析 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fēn | xī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjun › | ‹ sek › |
| Old Chinese | /*pə[n]/ | /*[s]ˁek/ |
| English | divide | split (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 分 | 析 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 3148 | 13316 |
| Phonetic component | 分 | 析 |
| Rime group | 文 | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 分 | 錫 |
| Old Chinese | /*pɯn/ | /*seːɡ/ |

### Verb

分析
* to analyze; to review
    分析問題／分析问题 ― fēnxī wèntí ― to analyze a problem
* to parse
* (Classical, literally) to separate; to divide

#### Synonyms

* (to analyze):
* 剖 (literary, or in compounds)
* 剖析 (pōuxī)
* 拆解 (chāijiě)
* 疏通 (shūtōng) (literary)
* 解析 (jiěxī)
* 通釋／通释 (tōngshì) (literary)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to analyze”): 綜合／综合 (zōnghé)

### Noun

分析
* analysis; review (Classifier: 個／个 m)
    需求分析 ― xūqiú fēnxī ― demand analysis
    原因分析 ― yuányīn fēnxī ― cause analysis
    光譜分析／光谱分析 ― guāngpǔ fēnxī ― spectrum analysis
* parsing (Classifier: 個／个 m)

### Derived terms

* 個案分析／个案分析
* 元分析 (yuánfēnxī)
* 光譜分析／光谱分析
* 分析儀／分析仪 (fēnxīyí)
* 分析化學／分析化学 (fēnxī huàxué)
* 分析員／分析员 (fēnxīyuán)
* 分析家 (fēnxījiā)
* 分析師／分析师 (fēnxīshī)
* 分析性 (fēnxīxìng)
* 分析法
* 分析者 (fēnxīzhě)
* 分析語／分析语 (fēnxīyǔ)
* 化學分析／化学分析 (huàxué fēnxī)
* 圖形分析／图形分析
* 基本分析
* 定性分析 (dìngxìng fēnxī)
* 定量分析 (dìngliàng fēnxī)
* 實分析／实分析 (shífēnxī)
* 工作分析
* 工程分析
* 彈痕分析／弹痕分析
* 成本效益分析
* 技術分析／技术分析 (jìshùfēnxī)
* 指紋分析／指纹分析
* 政治分析
* 政策分析
* 數值分析／数值分析 (shùzhí fēnxī)
* 焰色分析
* 空間分析／空间分析
* 精神分析 (jīngshén fēnxī)
* 系統分析／系统分析
* 話語分析／话语分析 (huàyǔ fēnxī)
* 語篇分析／语篇分析 (yǔpiān fēnxī)
* 隨機分析／随机分析 (suíjī fēnxī)

### References

* “Entry #50113”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 分 | 析 |
| ぶん Grade: 2 | せき Grade: S |
| goon | kan'on |

### Etymology

Literary Chinese 分析 (fēnxī, “to separate, divide or split apart; to reason; to justify”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぶんせき [bùńsékí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bɯ̟̃ɰ̃se̞kʲi]

### Noun

分(ぶん)析(せき) • (bunseki)
* (mathematics, chemistry) analysis

#### Derived terms

* 分析官(ぶんせきかん) (bunsekikan, “analyst”)
* 分析器(ぶんせきき) (bunsekiki, “analyzer, analysis device”)

### Verb

分(ぶん)析(せき)する • (bunseki suru) suru (stem 分(ぶん)析(せき)し (bunseki shi), past 分(ぶん)析(せき)した (bunseki shita))
* to analyze
    徹底的(てっていてき)に分析(ぶんせき)する必要(ひつよう)がある。
       Tetteiteki ni bunseki suru hitsuyō ga aru.
       We need to analyze the facts thoroughly.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 分析し | ぶんせきし | bunseki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 分析し | ぶんせきし | bunseki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 分析する | ぶんせきする | bunseki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 分析する | ぶんせきする | bunseki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 分析すれ | ぶんせきすれ | bunseki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 分析せよ¹ 分析しろ² | ぶんせきせよ¹ ぶんせきしろ² | bunseki seyo¹ bunseki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 分析される | ぶんせきされる | bunseki sareru |
| Causative | 分析させる 分析さす | ぶんせきさせる ぶんせきさす | bunseki saseru bunseki sasu |
| Potential | 分析できる | ぶんせきできる | bunseki dekiru |
| Volitional | 分析しよう | ぶんせきしよう | bunseki shiyō |
| Negative | 分析しない | ぶんせきしない | bunseki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 分析せず | ぶんせきせず | bunseki sezu |
| Formal | 分析します | ぶんせきします | bunseki shimasu |
| Perfective | 分析した | ぶんせきした | bunseki shita |
| Conjunctive | 分析して | ぶんせきして | bunseki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 分析すれば | ぶんせきすれば | bunseki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Descendants

* → Chinese: 分析 (fēnxī)
* → Korean: 분석 (bunseok)
* → Vietnamese: phân tích

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 分 | 析 |

### Noun

分析 • (bunseok) (hangeul 분석)
* hanja form of 분석 (“analysis”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 分 | 析 |

### Verb

分析
* chữ Hán form of phân tích (“to analyze”).