OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 墝

| 墝 | U+589D, &#22685; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-589D |
| ← 墜 [U+589C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 增 → [U+589E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

墝 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土土土山 (GGGU) or 難土土土山 (XGGGU), four-corner 4411$_1$, composition ⿰土堯)
* barren field

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5452
* Dae Jaweon: page 477, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 485, character 5
* Unihan data for U+589D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 撓 | *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ |
| 鐃 | *rŋaːw |
| 譊 | *rŋaːw |
| 橈 | *rŋaːws, *ŋjew |
| 磽 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ |
| 墝 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw |
| 穘 | *hŋreːw |
| 顤 | *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws |
| 燒 | *hŋjew, *hŋjaws |
| 饒 | *ŋjew, *ŋjaws |
| 蟯 | *ŋjew, *ʔŋew |
| 蕘 | *ŋjew |
| 襓 | *ŋjew |
| 繞 | *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws |
| 遶 | *ŋjewʔ |
| 嬈 | *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws |
| 趬 | *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews |
| 蹺 | *ŋ̊ʰew |
| 翹 | *ɡew, *ɡews |
| 澆 | *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws |
| 驍 | *ŋkeːw |
| 僥 | *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw |
| 堯 | *ŋeːw |
| 垚 | *ŋeːw |
| 嶢 | *ŋeːw |
| 獟 | *ŋeːws |
| 膮 | *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ |
| 嘵 | *hŋeːw |
| 憢 | *hŋeːw |
| 曉 | *hŋeːwʔ |
| 皢 | *hŋeːwʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiāo (qiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciao
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^1$
*** Yale: chyāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiau
*** Palladius: цяо (cjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haau$^1$
*** Yale: hāau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hao$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: khaew
Rime :
| Character | 墝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 口交切 |
| Baxter | khaew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰaɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰau/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰau/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haau$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋ̊ʰreːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 墝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14662 |
| Phonetic component | 垚 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 敲 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋ̊ʰreːw/ |

### Definitions

墝
* Hard, stony, infertile. See 磽.

### References

* Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 1), p. 89

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* stony

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こう (kō)、きょう (kyō)

## Korean
### Hanja

墝 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo)
* barren field

## Vietnamese
### Han character

墝: Hán Nôm readings: niêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation
# 增々
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 增 | 增 |
| ま(す) Jinmeiyō | ま(す) Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 增々 – see the following entry. :
| 【ますます】 | [adverb] even more Alternative spellings 益益, 益々, 増増, 増々, 増す増す, 益 |
(This term, 增々, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (増々) of the above term.) :
# 隐

| 隐 | U+9690, &#38544; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9690 |
| ← 随 [U+968F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 隑 → [U+9691] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 隱 |
| Shinjitai | 隠 |
| Simplified | 隐 |

### Glyph origin

Variant of 隱.

### Han character

隐 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 弓中弓尸心 (NLNSP), composition ⿰阝急)

#### Derived characters

* 𰝋, 𮁉, 𮙊, 𦻕, 瘾, 𬄩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1357, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4148, character 6
* Unihan data for U+9690

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 隐 – see 隱 (“to hide; to cover; to shield; to conceal; to cover up; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 隱).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 隐匿
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 隐匿 – see 隱匿 (“to hide; to evade; to conceal; to cover up”). (This term is the simplified form of 隱匿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 阵势
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 阵势 – see 陣勢 (“battle array; combat formation; situation; circumstance; scene”). (This term is the simplified form of 陣勢).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 阵亡
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 阵亡 – see 陣亡 (“to die in battle; to die in action”). (This term is the simplified form of 陣亡).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 阴风
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 阴风 – see 陰風 (“chilly wind; sinister trend”). (This term is the simplified form of 陰風).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 阴魂
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 阴魂 – see 陰魂 (“ghost; spirit; apparition”). (This term is the simplified form of 陰魂).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 采油
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 采油 – see 採油 (“to extract oil”). (This term is the simplified form of 採油).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 处安思危
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 处安思危 – see 處安思危 (“to think of danger in times of safety; to be vigilant in peacetime”). (This term is the simplified form of 處安思危).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 還劍湖
## Chinese

* 還劍湖

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Huánjiànhú
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Huánjiànhú
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Huánjiànhú
*** Wade–Giles: Huan$^2$-chien$^4$-hu$^2$
*** Yale: Hwán-jyàn-hú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwanjiannhwu
*** Palladius: Хуаньцзяньху (Xuanʹczjanʹxu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ xu³⁵/

### Proper noun

還劍湖
* Hoàn Kiếm Lake (a lake in Hanoi, Vietnam)
# 還劍
## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 還 | 劍 |

### Proper noun

還劍
* chữ Hán form of Hoàn Kiếm.
# 大海馬
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 海 | 馬 |
| おお Grade: 1 | うみ Grade: 2 | うま Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |||
* Alternative spelling
* 大海馬 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

大 (ō, “great”) +‎ 海馬 (umiuma, “sea horse”)

### Noun

大(おお)海(うみ)馬(うま) or 大海馬(オオウミウマ) • (ōumiuma)
* a great seahorse
# 塇

| 塇 | U+5847, &#22599; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5847 |
| ← 塆 [U+5846] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 塈 → [U+5848] |

## Translingual
### Han character

塇 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土十一一 (GJMM), composition ⿰土宣)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 234, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 467, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5847

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuān (xuan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): syun$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
*** Wade–Giles: hsüan$^1$
*** Yale: sywān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
*** Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: syun$^1$
*** Yale: syūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: syn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /syːn⁵⁵/

### Definitions

塇
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 1), p. 88
# 雄辩是银，沉默是金
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 雄辩是银，沉默是金 – see 雄辯是銀，沉默是金 (“speech is silver, silence is golden”). (This term is the simplified form of 雄辯是銀，沉默是金).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 銅匠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tóngjiàng
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tong$^2$ jiang$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tung$^4$ zoeng$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tung$^1$ jion$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$don-zhian
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dong$^2$ zian$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tóngjiàng → tóngjiang (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤˋ → ㄊㄨㄥˊ ˙ㄐㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tóngjiång
*** Wade–Giles: tʻung$^2$-chiang$^5$
*** Yale: túng-jyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: torng.jianq
*** Palladius: тунцзян (tunczjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/ → /tʰʊŋ³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ɑŋ³/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tong$^2$ jiang$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tunggiang
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoŋ²¹ t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tung$^4$ zoeng$^6$
*** Yale: tùhng jeuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tung$^4$ dzoeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tung$^4$ zêng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sœːŋ²²/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tung$^1$ jion$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰũŋ¹¹ t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$don-zhian
*** MiniDict: don$^去$ zhian
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$don-xxian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /doŋ²² ʑiã⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: dong$^2$ zian$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʊŋ¹³ t͡si̯æn²¹⁻¹¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /tən¹³ t͡ɕi̯æn²¹⁻¹¹/

### Noun

銅匠
* coppersmith (person who forges copper)

#### Synonyms

* (Northern Min) 𢫦銅的／𢫦铜的, 𢫦銅的佬／𢫦铜的佬
# 鐵拳
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiěquán
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄑㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tit$^3$ kyun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiěquán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄑㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiěcyuán
*** Wade–Giles: tʻieh$^3$-chʻüan$^2$
*** Yale: tyě-chywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tieechyuan
*** Palladius: тецюань (tecjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tit$^3$ kyun$^4$
*** Yale: tit kyùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tit$^8$ kyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tid$^3$ kün$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːt̚³ kʰyːn²¹/

### Noun

鐵拳
* iron fist
* (military) Panzerfaust

#### Synonyms

* 鐵腕／铁腕 (tiěwàn)
# 鐵必制
## Chinese
### Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of German Tirpitz.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Tiěbìzhì
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄅㄧˋ ㄓˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tit$^3$ bit$^1$ zai$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Tiěbìzhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄅㄧˋ ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Tiěbìjhìh
*** Wade–Giles: Tʻieh$^3$-pi$^4$-chih$^4$
*** Yale: Tyě-bì-jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tieebihjyh
*** Palladius: Тебичжи (Tebičži)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tit$^3$ bit$^1$ zai$^3$
*** Yale: tit bīt jai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tit$^8$ bit$^7$ dzai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tid$^3$ bid$^1$ zei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːt̚³ piːt̚⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/

### Proper noun

鐵必制
* (Hong Kong, Taiwan) A transliteration of the German male given name Tirpitz
# 鐵心石腸
## Chinese

| | | iron | heart; mind | rock; stone; 10 pecks | intestines |
| trad. (鐵心石腸) | trad. (鐵心石腸) | 鐵 | 心 | 石 | 腸 |
| simp. (铁心石肠) | simp. (铁心石肠) | 铁 | 心 | 石 | 肠 |
| anagram | anagram | 鐵石心腸／铁石心肠 | 鐵石心腸／铁石心肠 | 鐵石心腸／铁石心肠 | 鐵石心腸／铁石心肠 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiěxīnshícháng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ ㄔㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tit$^3$ sam$^1$ sek$^6$ coeng$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiěxīnshícháng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ ㄔㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiěsinshíhcháng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻieh$^3$-hsin$^1$-shih$^2$-chʻang$^2$
*** Yale: tyě-syīn-shŕ-cháng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tieeshinshyrcharng
*** Palladius: тесиньшичан (tesinʹšičan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tit$^3$ sam$^1$ sek$^6$ coeng$^4$
*** Yale: tit sām sehk chèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tit$^8$ sam$^1$ sek$^9$ tsoeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tid$^3$ sem$^1$ ség$^6$ cêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːt̚³ sɐm⁵⁵ sɛːk̚² t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

### Idiom

鐵心石腸
* (literary) Synonym of 鐵石心腸／铁石心肠 (tiěshíxīncháng, “stone-hearted; unmoved”)
# 靱やか
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 靱
* しな Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 靱やか – see the following entry. :
| 【しなやか】 | [adjective] flexible [adjective] graceful Alternative spellings 靭やか, 嫋やか |
(This term, 靱やか, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 靳

| 靳 | U+9773, &#38771; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9773 |
| ← 靲 [U+9772] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 靴 → [U+9774] |

## Translingual
### Han character

靳 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿十竹一中 (TJHML), four-corner 4252$_1$, composition ⿰革斤)

#### Derived characters

* 𬎔, 𨭠, 龩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1385, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42728
* Dae Jaweon: page 1900, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4327, character 22
* Unihan data for U+9773

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蘄 | *ɡɯ, *kɯl, *ɡɯn |
| 祈 | *ɡɯl |
| 頎 | *ɡɯl |
| 旂 | *ɡɯl |
| 圻 | *ɡɯl, *ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn |
| 蚚 | *ɡɯl, *ɡɯːls |
| 岓 | *ɡɯl |
| 玂 | *ɡɯl |
| 沂 | *ŋɡɯl |
| 掀 | *qʰan |
| 釿 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋkɯn |
| 齗 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯn |
| 听 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯnʔ |
| 垽 | *ŋrɯns, *qɯns |
| 斤 | *kɯn, *kɯns |
| 菦 | *kɯnʔ |
| 靳 | *kɯns |
| 劤 | *kɯns |
| 勁 | *kɯns, *keŋs |
| 赾 | *kʰɯnʔ |
| 芹 | *ɡɯn |
| 近 | *ɡɯnʔ, *ɡɯns |
| 斦 | *ŋɡɯn |
| 欣 | *qʰɯn |
| 忻 | *qʰɯn |
| 昕 | *qʰɯn |
| 訢 | *qʰɯn |
| 炘 | *qʰɯn, *qʰɯns |
| 邤 | *qʰɯn |
| 庍 | *qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs |
| 焮 | *qʰɯns |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìn (jin$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gan$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^4$
*** Yale: jìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
*** Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gan$^3$
*** Yale: gan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐn³³/
* Middle Chinese: kj+nH
Rime :
| Character | 靳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 欣 (57) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居焮切 |
| Baxter | kj+nH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɨn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiən$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɨn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kiən$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭən$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ki̯ən$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 靳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6652 |
| Phonetic component | 斤 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靳 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯns/ |

### Definitions

靳
* a surname
* (literary) stingy
* (archaic) strap on a horse's breast

#### Compounds

* 有靳道
* 靳固
* 驂靳／骖靳

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* ornamental trappings under collar

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): きん (kin)、こん (kon)
* Kun: むながい (munagai)

## Korean
### Hanja

靳 (eum 근 (geun))
* martingale

## Vietnamese
### Han character

靳: Hán Nôm readings: ngẩn, cận
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation
# 靴下
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 靴 | 下 |
| くつ Grade: S | した Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くつした [kùtsúꜜshìtà] (Nakadaka –)
* (Tokyo) くつした [kùtsúshítáꜜ] (Odaka – [4])
* IPA: [kɯ̟̊t͡sɨɕi̥ta̠]

### Noun

靴(くつ)下(した) • (kutsushita)
* socks
    Synonym: ソックス (sokkusu)
* (Internet slang) sock puppet
    Synonyms: ソックパペット (sokku papetto), ソック (sokku)

#### Derived terms

* 靴(くつ)下(した)留(ど)め (kutsushitadome, “garter, suspender”)

#### See also

* 足(た)袋(び) (tabi)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 大礼拜
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 大礼拜 – see 大禮拜 (“big week/weekend; alternate Sunday on which one has a day off; fortnightly holiday; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 大禮拜).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 集團軍
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jítuánjūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄢˊ ㄐㄩㄣ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jítuánjūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄢˊ ㄐㄩㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jítuánjyun
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-tʻuan$^2$-chün$^1$
*** Yale: jí-twán-jyūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyitwanjiun
*** Palladius: цзитуаньцзюнь (czituanʹczjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

### Noun

集團軍
* (military) group army
# 集安
## Chinese

* 集安

### Etymology

Name change from homophonous 輯安／辑安 (Jí'ān) in 1965.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Jí'ān
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap$^6$ on$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jí'ān
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jí-an
*** Wade–Giles: Chi$^2$-an$^1$
*** Yale: Jí-ān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jyian
*** Palladius: Цзиань (Czianʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaap$^6$ on$^1$
*** Yale: jaahp ōn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap$^9$ on$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zab$^6$ on$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːp̚² ɔːn⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

集安
* (～市) Ji'an (a city in Jilin, China)
# 垃圾帶
## Chinese
### Etymology

Abbreviation of 海洋垃圾帶／海洋垃圾带.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lājīdài, lèsèdài
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧ ㄉㄞˋ, ㄌㄜˋ ㄙㄜˋ ㄉㄞˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lājīdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lajidài
*** Wade–Giles: la$^1$-chi$^1$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: lā-jī-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhajiday
*** Palladius: лацзидай (laczidaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$垃圾袋 垃圾帶／垃圾带
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lèsèdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄜˋ ㄙㄜˋ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lèsèdài
*** Wade–Giles: lê$^4$-sê$^4$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: lè-sè-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lehsehday
*** Palladius: лэсэдай (lɛsɛdaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

### Noun

垃圾帶
* (oceanography) garbage patch (gyre of marine debris particles caused by the effects of ocean currents and increasing plastic pollution by humans)

#### Derived terms

* 北大西洋垃圾帶／北大西洋垃圾带
* 南太平洋垃圾帶／南太平洋垃圾带
* 印度洋垃圾帶／印度洋垃圾带
* 太平洋垃圾帶／太平洋垃圾带
# 垃圾带
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 垃圾带 – see 垃圾帶 (“garbage patch”). (This term is the simplified form of 垃圾帶).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 垃圾物仔
## Chinese

| | | garbage; rubbish; trashgarbage; rubbish; trash; waste; refuse; junk | thing; object; matter | minutely; young; dutyminutely; young; duty; responsibility |
| trad. (垃圾物仔) | trad. (垃圾物仔) | 垃圾 | 物 | 仔 |
| simp. $^#$(垃圾物仔) | simp. $^#$(垃圾物仔) | 垃圾 | 物 | 仔 |

### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lah-sap-bu̍t-á
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lah-sap-bu̍t-á
*** Tâi-lô: lah-sap-bu̍t-á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lahsapbud'ar
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /la(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sap̚³²⁻⁵ but̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/

### Noun

垃圾物仔
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) odds and ends; bits and bobs

#### Synonyms

* 雜物／杂物 (záwù)
# 青铜峡
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 青铜峡 – see 青銅峽 (“Qingtongxia”). (This term is the simplified form of 青銅峽).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 韻を踏む
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 韻 | 踏 |
| いん Grade: S | ふ Grade: S |
| on'yomi | kun'yomi |

### Verb

韻(いん)を踏(ふ)む • (in o fumu) godan (stem 韻(いん)を踏(ふ)み (in o fumi), past 韻(いん)を踏(ふ)んだ (in o funda))
* to rhyme

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 韻を踏ま | いんをふま | in o fuma |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 韻を踏み | いんをふみ | in o fumi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 韻を踏む | いんをふむ | in o fumu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 韻を踏む | いんをふむ | in o fumu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 韻を踏め | いんをふめ | in o fume |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 韻を踏め | いんをふめ | in o fume |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 韻を踏まれる | いんをふまれる | in o fumareru |
| Causative | 韻を踏ませる 韻を踏ます | いんをふませる いんをふます | in o fumaseru in o fumasu |
| Potential | 韻を踏める | いんをふめる | in o fumeru |
| Volitional | 韻を踏もう | いんをふもう | in o fumō |
| Negative | 韻を踏まない | いんをふまない | in o fumanai |
| Negative continuative | 韻を踏まず | いんをふまず | in o fumazu |
| Formal | 韻を踏みます | いんをふみます | in o fumimasu |
| Perfective | 韻を踏んだ | いんをふんだ | in o funda |
| Conjunctive | 韻を踏んで | いんをふんで | in o funde |
| Hypothetical conditional | 韻を踏めば | いんをふめば | in o fumeba |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 韻を踏ま | ゐんをふま | win wo fuma |
| Continuative (連用形) | 韻を踏み | ゐんをふみ | win wo fumi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 韻を踏む | ゐんをふむ | win wo fumu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 韻を踏む | ゐんをふむ | win wo fumu |
| Realis (已然形) | 韻を踏め | ゐんをふめ | win wo fume |
| Imperative (命令形) | 韻を踏め | ゐんをふめ | win wo fume |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 韻を踏まず | ゐんをふまず | win wo fumazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 韻を踏めど | ゐんをふめど | win wo fumedo |
| Causal conjunction | 韻を踏めば | ゐんをふめば | win wo fumeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 韻を踏まば | ゐんをふまば | win wo fumaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 韻を踏みき | ゐんをふみき | win wo fumiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 韻を踏みけり | ゐんをふみけり | win wo fumikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 韻を踏みつ | ゐんをふみつ | win wo fumitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 韻を踏みぬ | ゐんをふみぬ | win wo fuminu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 韻を踏めり 韻を踏みたり | ゐんをふめり ゐんをふみたり | win wo fumeri win wo fumitari |
| Volitional | 韻を踏まむ | ゐんをふまむ | win wo fumamu |

#### Synonyms

* 韻(いん)を押(お)す (in o osu)
* 押韻(おういん)する (ōin suru)
* 脚韻(きゃくいん)を踏(ふ)む (kyakuin o fumu)