# 譴責
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiǎnzé
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˇ ㄗㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hin$^2$ zaak$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khián-chit / khián-chek / khiàn-chek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kiang$^2$ zêh$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiǎnzé
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˇ ㄗㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎnzé
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^3$-tsê$^2$
*** Yale: chyǎn-dzé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheantzer
*** Palladius: цяньцзэ (cjanʹczɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hin$^2$ zaak$^3$
*** Yale: hín jaak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hin$^2$ dzaak$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hin$^2$ zag$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːn³⁵ t͡saːk̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khián-chit
*** Tâi-lô: khián-tsit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiefncid
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sit̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khián-chek
*** Tâi-lô: khián-tsik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiefnzeg
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiàn-chek
*** Tâi-lô: khiàn-tsik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiernzeg
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɪk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kiang$^2$ zêh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiáng tseh
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡seʔ²/

### Verb

譴責
* to condemn; to strongly criticize
    嚴詞譴責／严词谴责 ― yáncí qiǎnzé ― to denounce in strong terms; to sternly condemn

#### Synonyms

* 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
* 叱罵／叱骂 (chìmà)
* 叱責／叱责 (chìzé)
* 吆喝 (colloquial)
* 呲 (cī)
* 呲兒／呲儿 (cīr)
* 呵叱 (hēchì)
* 呼喝 (hūhè) (literary)
* 呲打 (cīda) (Northeastern Mandarin)
* 呵斥 (hēchì)
* 呵責／呵责 (hēzé) (literary)
* 喝叱
* 嗔怪 (chēnguài) (literary)
* 嗔著／嗔着 (chēnzhe) (colloquial)
* 怒 (nù) (Classical Chinese)
* 怪 (guài)
* 怨怪 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 怪罪 (guàizuì)
* 批評／批评 (pīpíng)
* 指摘 (zhǐzhāi)
* 指斥 (zhǐchì)
* 指責／指责 (zhǐzé)
* 指點／指点 (zhǐdiǎn)
* 捋 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 摘 (literary, or in compounds)
* 撻伐／挞伐 (tàfá) (literary, figurative)
* 數落／数落 (shǔluo) (informal)
* 數說／数说 (shǔshuō)
* 斥斥 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 斥罵／斥骂 (chìmà)
* 斥責／斥责 (chìzé)
* 歸咎／归咎 (guījiù)
* 歸罪／归罪 (guīzuì)
* 派
* 激勵／激励 (jīlì) (literary)
* 熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
* 申斥 (shēnchì)
* 痛罵／痛骂 (tòngmà)
* 聲討／声讨 (shēngtǎo)
* 訓／训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 訓斥／训斥 (xùnchì)
* 詬病／诟病 (gòubìng) (literary)
* 說／说
* 說話／说话 (shuōhuà)
* 謗議／谤议 (bàngyì) (literary)
* 責備／责备 (zébèi)
* 責怪／责怪 (zéguài)
* 責罵／责骂 (zémà)
* 責難／责难 (zénàn)
* 貶斥／贬斥 (biǎnchì) (literary)
* 貶責／贬责 (biǎnzé)
* 賴／赖 (lài)
* 非議／非议 (fēiyì)
* 非難／非难 (fēinàn)
* 體斥／体斥 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 譴 | 責 |
| けん Hyōgai | せき Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | kan'yōon |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) けんせき [kèńsékí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kẽ̞ɰ̃se̞kʲi]

### Noun

譴(けん)責(せき) • (kenseki)
* Scolding, reprimand; in particular in an organization official scolding with a demand to submit an apology as documentation.
* (archaic) Synonym of 戒告 (kaikoku)

### Verb

譴(けん)責(せき)する • (kenseki suru) transitive suru (stem 譴(けん)責(せき)し (kenseki shi), past 譴(けん)責(せき)した (kenseki shita))
* to reprimand

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 譴責し | けんせきし | kenseki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 譴責し | けんせきし | kenseki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 譴責する | けんせきする | kenseki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 譴責する | けんせきする | kenseki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 譴責すれ | けんせきすれ | kenseki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 譴責せよ¹ 譴責しろ² | けんせきせよ¹ けんせきしろ² | kenseki seyo¹ kenseki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 譴責される | けんせきされる | kenseki sareru |
| Causative | 譴責させる 譴責さす | けんせきさせる けんせきさす | kenseki saseru kenseki sasu |
| Potential | 譴責できる | けんせきできる | kenseki dekiru |
| Volitional | 譴責しよう | けんせきしよう | kenseki shiyō |
| Negative | 譴責しない | けんせきしない | kenseki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 譴責せず | けんせきせず | kenseki sezu |
| Formal | 譴責します | けんせきします | kenseki shimasu |
| Perfective | 譴責した | けんせきした | kenseki shita |
| Conjunctive | 譴責して | けんせきして | kenseki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 譴責すれば | けんせきすれば | kenseki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 譴 | 責 |

### Noun

譴責 • (gyeonchaek) (hangeul 견책)
* hanja form of 견책 (“censure; reprimand”)