# 安石榴
## Chinese
### Etymology

So named as it was brought to China by Zhang Qian from the Arsacid Empire (安石) in Irania.
The botanist Li Shizhen suggests that 榴 (OC *m·ru) here is the same as 瘤 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus, “lump, tumour”), as the pomegranate fruit resembles cancerous outgrowth on the body. The reconstructed consonants of this part equal those of a wanderwort for the pomegranate present in Arabic رُمَّان (rummān, “pomegranate”), see it for other languages.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ānshíliú
    (Zhuyin): ㄢ ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ānshíliú
*** Zhuyin: ㄢ ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: anshíhlióu
*** Wade–Giles: an$^1$-shih$^2$-liu$^2$
*** Yale: ān-shŕ-lyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: anshyrliou
*** Palladius: аньшилю (anʹšilju)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'an dzyek ljuw
Rime :
| Character | 安 | 石 | 榴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 常 (25) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 昔 (123) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | III |
| Fanqie | 烏寒切 | 常隻切 | 力求切 |
| Baxter | 'an | dzyek | ljuw |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɑn/ | /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/ | /lɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔɑn/ | /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ | /liu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɑn/ | /d͡ʑiæk̚/ | /liəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔan/ | /d͡ʑiajk̚/ | /luw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɑn/ | /ʑiɛk̚/ | /liu/ |
| Wang Li | /ɑn/ | /ʑĭɛk̚/ | /lĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔɑn/ | /ʑi̯ɛk̚/ | /li̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ān | shí | liú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | on$^1$ | sik$^6$ | lau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qaːn djaɡ m·ru/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 安 | 安 | 安 | 石 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | ān | ān | ān | shí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ 'an › | ‹ 'an › | ‹ 'an › | ‹ dzyek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ | /*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ | /*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ | /*dAk/ |
| English | peace(ful) | how | 安息 Ānxī (Iranian country in the western regions, W. Hàn; from Aršaka = Arsaces, founder of the Arsacid dynasty) | stone |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 安 | 石 | 榴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11 | 11470 | 8886 |
| Phonetic component | 安 | 石 | 卯 |
| Rime group | 元 | 鐸 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 安 | 石 | 劉 |
| Old Chinese | /*qaːn/ | /*djaɡ/ | /*m·ru/ |

### Noun

安石榴
* (archaic) pomegranate

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 石榴, 丹若, 若榴, 楉榴, 安石榴 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 石榴, 安石榴 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 石榴, 安石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 石榴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 石榴兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 石榴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 石榴 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 石榴兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 石榴兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 石榴 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 石榴 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 石榴 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 大石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 石榴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 石榴 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 石榴 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 石榴 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 石榴 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 石榴 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 石榴兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 石榴兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 石榴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pematangsiantar | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 石榴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 石榴, 結子石榴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 石榴, 結子石榴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 花棯 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 番鬼石榴 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 石榴 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 石榴 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 石榴 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 石榴 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 石榴仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 番石榴 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 石榴, 石梨 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 石榴仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 石榴仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 石榴仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 石榴 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 石榴 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 石榴 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 石榴 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 石榴 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 石榴兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 石榴兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 石榴兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 石榴兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 石榴 |
| Jin | Linhe | 石榴 |
| Jin | Jining | 石榴 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 石榴 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 石榴 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 石榴 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 石榴 |
| Jin | Handan | 石榴 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 石榴 |
| Jin | Suide | 石榴兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 石榴 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 石榴 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 紅花石榴 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 石榴 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 石榴 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 石榴 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 石榴 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 石榴 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 石榴 |
| Wu | Danyang | 石榴 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 石榴 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 石榴, 金猛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 金櫻 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 石榴 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 石榴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 石榴 |