# 歌舞
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gēwǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜ ㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): go$^1$ mou$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kô-vú
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): koa-bú / ko-bú / ko͘-bú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): go$^1$ bhu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gēwǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ ㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gewǔ
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^1$-wu$^3$
*** Yale: gē-wǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gewuu
*** Palladius: гэу (gɛu)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: go$^1$ mou$^5$
*** Yale: gō móuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: go$^1$ mou$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: go$^1$ mou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔː⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kô-vú
*** Hakka Romanization System: go$^ˊ$ vu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: go$^1$ vu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ko²⁴ vu³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koa-bú
*** Tâi-lô: kua-bú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koa'buo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kua³³ bu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kua⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-bú
*** Tâi-lô: ko-bú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koi'buo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-bú
*** Tâi-lô: koo-bú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ko'buo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³ bu⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: go$^1$ bhu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ko bú
*** Sinological IPA : /ko³³⁻²³ bu⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: ka mjuX
Rime :
| Character | 歌 | 舞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古俄切 | 文甫切 |
| Baxter | ka | mjuX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑ/ | /mɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑ/ | /mio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑ/ | /mio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ka/ | /muə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑ/ | /mio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑ/ | /mĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kɑ/ | /mi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gē | wǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | go$^1$ | mou$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤaj k.m(r)aʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːl maʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 歌 | 舞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gē | wǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ka › | ‹ mju$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁaj/ | /*k.m(r)aʔ/ |
| English | sing, song | dance (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 歌 | 舞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7438 | 13126 |
| Phonetic component | 可 | 無 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 歌 | 武 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːl/ | /*maʔ/ |

### Verb

歌舞
* to sing and dance

### Noun

歌舞
* singing and dancing

### Derived terms

* 歌舞伎 (gēwǔjì)
* 歌舞劇／歌舞剧 (gēwǔjù)
* 歌舞團／歌舞团
* 歌舞廳／歌舞厅
* 歌舞昇平／歌舞升平 (gēwǔshēngpíng)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 歌舞(かぶ) (kabu)
* → Korean: 가무(歌舞) (gamu)
* → Vietnamese: ca vũ (歌舞)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 歌 | 舞 |
| か Grade: 2 | ぶ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぶ [káꜜbù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠bɯ̟]

### Noun

歌(か)舞(ぶ) • (kabu)
* singing and dancing

### Verb

歌(か)舞(ぶ)する • (kabu suru) suru (stem 歌(か)舞(ぶ)し (kabu shi), past 歌(か)舞(ぶ)した (kabu shita))
* to sing and dance

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 歌舞し | かぶし | kabu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 歌舞し | かぶし | kabu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 歌舞する | かぶする | kabu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 歌舞する | かぶする | kabu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 歌舞すれ | かぶすれ | kabu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 歌舞せよ¹ 歌舞しろ² | かぶせよ¹ かぶしろ² | kabu seyo¹ kabu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 歌舞される | かぶされる | kabu sareru |
| Causative | 歌舞させる 歌舞さす | かぶさせる かぶさす | kabu saseru kabu sasu |
| Potential | 歌舞できる | かぶできる | kabu dekiru |
| Volitional | 歌舞しよう | かぶしよう | kabu shiyō |
| Negative | 歌舞しない | かぶしない | kabu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 歌舞せず | かぶせず | kabu sezu |
| Formal | 歌舞します | かぶします | kabu shimasu |
| Perfective | 歌舞した | かぶした | kabu shita |
| Conjunctive | 歌舞して | かぶして | kabu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 歌舞すれば | かぶすれば | kabu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 歌 | 舞 |

### Noun

歌舞 • (gamu) (hangeul 가무)
* hanja form of 가무 (“singing and dancing”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 歌 | 舞 |

### Noun

歌舞
* chữ Hán form of ca vũ (“singing and dancing”).