# 嗄

| 嗄 | U+55C4, &#21956; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55C4 |
| ← 嗃 [U+55C3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嗅 → [U+55C5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嗄 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一山水 (RMUE), four-corner 6104$_7$, composition ⿰口夏)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 201, character 34
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4047
* Dae Jaweon: page 424, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 666, character 9
* Unihan data for U+55C4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 榎 | *kraːʔ |
| 廈 | *sraːs, *ɡraːʔ |
| 嗄 | *sqʰraːs, *qraːds |
| 夏 | *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰraːs, *qraːds) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shà (sha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saa$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shà
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shà
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^4$
*** Yale: shà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shah
*** Palladius: ша (ša)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saa$^3$
*** Yale: sa
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sa$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /saː³³/
* Middle Chinese: sraeH, 'aejH
Rime :
| Character | 嗄 | 嗄 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) | 夬 (29) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 所嫁切 | 於犗切 |
| Baxter | sraeH | 'aejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠa$^H$/ | /ʔˠai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚa$^H$/ | /ʔᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃa$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨ$^H$/ | /ʔaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃa$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃa$^H$/ | /æi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂa$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shà | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saa$^3$ | aai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰraːs/, /*qraːds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嗄 | 嗄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 13451 | 13455 |
| Phonetic component | 夏 | 夏 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嗄 | 喝 |
| Old Chinese | /*sqʰraːs/ | /*qraːds/ |
| Notes | 見莊子 | 見莊子 |

#### Definitions

嗄
* hoarse

#### Compounds

* 嘻嘻嗄嗄

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): á (a$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): aa$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: á
*** Zhuyin: ㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: á
*** Wade–Giles: a$^2$
*** Yale: á
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ar
*** Palladius: а (a)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: aa$^2$
*** Yale: á
*** Cantonese Pinyin: aa$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: a$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /aː³⁵/

#### Definitions

嗄
* Alternative form of 啊 (á), an interjection.

#### Compounds

* 嘻嘻嗄嗄

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): a (a$^5$／a$^0$)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: a
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: å
*** Wade–Giles: a$^5$
*** Yale: a
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .a
*** Palladius: а (a)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀä/

#### Definitions

嗄
* sentence-final particle and interjection expressing surprise

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xià (xia$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xià
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sià
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$
*** Yale: syà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

#### Definitions

嗄
* Used in compounds.

#### Compounds

* 嗄程
* 嗄飯／嗄饭

### Pronunciation 5

* Eastern Min (BUC): hák
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hák
*** Sinological IPA : /hɑʔ²⁴/

#### Definitions

嗄
* (Eastern Min) hoarse

#### Compounds

* 嗄嗄聲／嗄嗄声

### Pronunciation 6

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sà
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sà
*** Tâi-lô: sà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sax
*** IPA (Taipei): /sa¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sa²¹/

#### Definitions

嗄
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to gorge; to wolf down

#### Compounds

* 霧嗄嗄／雾嗄嗄 (bū-sà-sà) (Min Nan)

### Pronunciation 7

* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^6$ / haak$^6$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^6$ / haak$^6$
*** Yale: hah / haahk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^6$ / haak$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^6$ / hag$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː²²/, /haːk̚²/

#### Etymology

Contraction of 係啊／系啊.

#### Definitions

嗄
* (Cantonese) Used to signify agreement.

### References

* “嗄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #9330”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さ (sa)
* Kun: かれる (kareru)

## Korean
### Hanja

嗄 • (sa, ae) (hangeul 사, 애, revised sa, ae, McCune–Reischauer sa, ae)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嗄: Hán Việt readings: hạ
* chữ Hán form of hạ (“hoarse”).

### References

* ↑ Trần (2004).

## Zhuang
### Verb

嗄
* Alternative form of 𬮤 (“Sawndip form of haep”)

### References

* 古壮字字典 [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters] (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN, page 238