# 毛子
## Chinese
### Etymology

Used most prominently during the time of the Boxer Rebellion. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): máozi
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˊ ˙ㄗ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мозы (mozɨ, I-0)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mou$^4$ zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: máozi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˊ ˙ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: máozi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: mao$^2$-tzŭ$^5$
*** Yale: máu-dz
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mau.tzy
*** Palladius: маоцзы (maoczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɑʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мозы (mozɨ, I-0)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁰/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^4$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: mòuh jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^4$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^4$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$模子 毛子

### Noun

毛子
* (slang, sometimes pejorative, ethnic slur) foreigner; white man
** (specifically) Russian person, Russki
* (obsolete) bandit; brigand; outlaw
* bits of wool or thread

#### Synonyms

* (foreigner):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 西方人, 西洋人, 洋人, 白人, 白種人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老外, 毛子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 洋人, 西洋人, 白人, 老外 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 紅毛人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 洋人, 外國佬 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 洋人, 洋鬼子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 洋人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 洋人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 洋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 洋人, 高鼻子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 番鬼佬 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 洋鬼子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 西人, 老西, 老番, 鬼佬, 番鬼佬, 鬼子佬, 紅毛頭, 紅毛 dated, 紅毛鬼 dated |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 西人, 白人, 鬼佬, 番鬼佬, 老番 dated, 紅毛鬼 dated, 白鬼 dated |
| Cantonese | Macau | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老番, 番鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 老番, 番鬼, 番鬼佬, 紅毛 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鬼佬 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 鬼佬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 洋人 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 洋人 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 洋人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 番人, 番鬼仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 洋人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 洋人, 西洋人, 鉤鼻公, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 洋人, 西洋人, 阿啄仔, 鉤鼻仔, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 西洋人, 紅毛番 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 紅毛人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 番仔, 阿啄仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的, 番仔鬼 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 番仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 番仔, 紅毛番, 𧺤毛的 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 紅毛仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 啄鼻仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 西洋儂, 阿啄仔, 啄鼻仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 阿啄仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 紅毛, 紅毛猴 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 紅毛, 紅毛儂, 紅毛猴 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 化人, 白種人, 西洋儂, 西方人 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 番儂, 紅毛囝, 番囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 紅毛, 紅毛囝, 紅毛鬼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 紅毛, 紅毛儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 鉤鼻鬼 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 番鬼, 紅毛, 高鼻綠目, 高鼻塌目 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 洋人 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 番人, 高鼻頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 紅毛洋人, 洋人子, 洋人 |
* (Russian person):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 俄羅斯人, 俄國人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 俄國人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 俄羅斯人, 俄國人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 毛子, 老毛子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 老毛子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 老毛子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 老毛子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 老毛子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 俄羅斯人, 俄國人, 俄國佬 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 俄毛子 |
* (bandit):
* 刀刀兒客／刀刀儿客 (dao$^1$ daor$^1$ ke$^2$) (Sichuanese, dated)
* 劫匪 (jiéfěi)
* 匪徒 (fěitú)
* 匪盜／匪盗 (fěidào)
* 土匪 (tǔfěi)
* 強盜／强盗 (qiángdào)
* 強貢／强贡 (Hokkien)
* 強賊／强贼 (Hokkien)
* 搶劫犯／抢劫犯 (qiǎngjiéfàn)
* 棒客 (bang$^4$ ke$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 棒老二 (bang$^4$ nao$^3$ er$^4$) (Sichuanese)
* 盜匪／盗匪 (dàofěi)
* 盜寇／盗寇 (dàokòu)
* 盜賊／盗贼 (dàozéi)
* 盜隔山／盗隔山 ($^6$dau-kaq-se) (Wu, humorous)
* 鬍匪／胡匪 (húfěi)
* 鬍子／胡子 (húzi) (Northeastern Mandarin, dated)

#### Derived terms

* 二毛子
* 俄毛子 (émáozi)
* 毛妹 (máomèi)
* 紅毛子／红毛子 (hóngmáozi)
* 老毛子 (lǎomáozi)