# 慬

| 慬 | U+616C, &#24940; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-616C |
| ← 慫 [U+616B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 慭 → [U+616D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

慬 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心廿中一 (PTLM), four-corner 9401$_4$, composition ⿰忄堇)
* brave
* cautious
* sad

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 399, character 31
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11129
* Dae Jaweon: page 739, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2344, character 16
* Unihan data for U+616C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 囏 | *krɯːn |
| 螼 | *kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns |
| 堇 | *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ |
| 墐 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns |
| 𥎊 | *ɡrɯn |
| 僅 | *ɡrɯns |
| 瑾 | *ɡrɯns |
| 覲 | *ɡrɯns |
| 殣 | *ɡrɯns |
| 饉 | *ɡrɯns |
| 廑 | *ɡrɯns |
| 瘽 | *ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ |
| 歏 | *ɡrɯns |
| 鄞 | *ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn |
| 謹 | *kɯnʔ |
| 槿 | *kɯnʔ |
| 漌 | *kɯnʔ |
| 慬 | *kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn |
| 勤 | *ɡɯn |
| 懃 | *ɡɯn |
| 懄 | *ɡɯn |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qín (qin$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qín
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cín
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^2$
*** Yale: chín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
*** Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kan$^4$
*** Yale: kàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ken$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: gj+n, kj+nX
Rime :
| Character | 慬 | 慬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 欣 (57) | 欣 (57) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 巨斤切 | 居隱切 |
| Baxter | gj+n | kj+nX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨn/ | /kɨn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡɨn/ | /kɨn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiən/ | /kiən$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨn/ | /kɨn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiən/ | /kiən$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭən/ | /kĭən$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯ən/ | /ki̯ən$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qín | jǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kan$^4$ | gan$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ər/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯnʔ/, /*ɡɯn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 慬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jìn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjɨn › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ər/ |
| English | courageous |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 慬 | 慬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6748 | 6750 |
| Phonetic component | 堇 | 堇 |
| Rime group | 文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 謹 | 勤 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯnʔ/ | /*ɡɯn/ |

### Definitions

慬
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B01171

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): きん (kin)、ごん (gon)、こん (kon)
* Kun: かなしむ (kanashimu)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

慬: Hán Nôm readings: cần
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.