# 惻隱
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cèyǐn
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄜˋ ㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cak$^1$ jan$^2$ / caak$^1$ jan$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhek-ún / chhiak-ún / chhek-ín
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cèyǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄜˋ ㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cèyǐn
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻê$^4$-yin$^3$
*** Yale: tsè-yǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsehyiin
*** Palladius: цэинь (cɛinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cak$^1$ jan$^2$ / caak$^1$ jan$^2$
*** Yale: chāk yán / chāak yán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsak$^7$ jan$^2$ / tsaak$^7$ jan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ceg$^1$ yen$^2$ / cag$^1$ yen$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐk̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/, /t͡sʰaːk̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-ún
*** Tâi-lô: tshik-ún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhek'uon
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ un⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ un⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak-ún
*** Tâi-lô: tshiak-ún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiak'uon
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ un⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-ín
*** Tâi-lô: tshik-ín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhek'ien
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ in⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: tsrhik 'j+nX
Rime :
| Character | 惻 | 隱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) | 欣 (57) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 初力切 | 於謹切 |
| Baxter | tsrhik | 'j+nX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰɨk̚/ | /ʔɨn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰɨk̚/ | /ʔɨn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰiek̚/ | /ʔiən$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰik̚/ | /ʔɨn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰiək̚/ | /ʔiən$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰĭək̚/ | /ĭən$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯ək̚/ | /ʔi̯ən$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | che | yǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cik$^1$ | jan$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰrɯɡ qɯnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 隱 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǐn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjɨn$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ/ |
| English | grieved; suffering |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 惻 | 隱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 16603 | 15314 |
| Phonetic component | 則 | 隱 |
| Rime group | 職 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 測 | 隱 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰrɯɡ/ | /*qɯnʔ/ |

### Verb

惻隱
* (formal) to be sympathetic; to be empathetic; to feel compassion

#### Synonyms

* 可憐／可怜 (kělián)
* 同情 (tóngqíng)
* 哀憐／哀怜 (āilián)
* 哀矜 (āijīn) (literary)
* 心疼 (xīnténg)
* 悲憫／悲悯 (bēimǐn)
* 憐惜／怜惜 (liánxī)
* 憐憫／怜悯 (liánmǐn)
* 矜憫／矜悯 (jīnmǐn) (literary)
* 罪過／罪过 (Wu)

#### Derived terms

* 惻隱之心／恻隐之心 (cèyǐnzhīxīn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 惻隠(そくいん) (sokuin)
* → Korean: 측은(惻隱) (cheugeun)
* → Vietnamese: trắc ẩn (惻隱)