# opha
## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-ópha
* to bleed

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-opha
* to bleed

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukopha |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukopha | ukungophi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | yopha | -ophe |
| Plural | yophani | -opheni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyopha, ngopha | engophayo, engopha | ngopha | angophi | engingophi | ngingophi |
| 2nd singular | uyopha, wopha | owophayo, owopha | wopha | awophi | ongophi | ungophi |
| 1st plural | siyopha, sopha | esophayo, esopha | sopha | asophi | esingophi | singophi |
| 2nd plural | niyopha, nopha | enophayo, enopha | nopha | anophi | eningophi | ningophi |
| Class 1 | uyopha, wopha | owophayo, owopha | opha | akophi | ongophi | engophi |
| Class 2 | bayopha, bopha | abophayo, abopha | bopha | abophi | abangophi | bengophi |
| Class 3 | uyopha, wopha | owophayo, owopha | wopha | awophi | ongophi | ungophi |
| Class 4 | iyopha, yopha | eyophayo, eyopha | yopha | ayophi | engophi | ingophi |
| Class 5 | liyopha, lopha | elophayo, elopha | lopha | alophi | elingophi | lingophi |
| Class 6 | ayopha, opha | ophayo, opha | opha | awophi | angophi | engophi |
| Class 7 | siyopha, sopha | esophayo, esopha | sopha | asophi | esingophi | singophi |
| Class 8 | ziyopha, zopha | ezophayo, ezopha | zopha | azophi | ezingophi | zingophi |
| Class 9 | iyopha, yopha | eyophayo, eyopha | yopha | ayophi | engophi | ingophi |
| Class 10 | ziyopha, zopha | ezophayo, ezopha | zopha | azophi | ezingophi | zingophi |
| Class 11 | luyopha, lopha | olophayo, olopha | lopha | alophi | olungophi | lungophi |
| Class 14 | buyopha, bopha | obophayo, obopha | bopha | abophi | obungophi | bungophi |
| Class 15 | kuyopha, kopha | okophayo, okopha | kopha | akophi | okungophi | kungophi |
| Class 17 | kuyopha, kopha | okophayo, okopha | kopha | akophi | okungophi | kungophi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngophile, ngophē | engophile, engophē | ngophile, ngophē | angophanga | engingophanga | ngingophanga |
| 2nd singular | wophile, wophē | owophile, owophē | wophile, wophē | awophanga | ongophanga | ungophanga |
| 1st plural | sophile, sophē | esophile, esophē | sophile, sophē | asophanga | esingophanga | singophanga |
| 2nd plural | nophile, nophē | enophile, enophē | nophile, nophē | anophanga | eningophanga | ningophanga |
| Class 1 | wophile, wophē | owophile, owophē | ophile, ophē | akophanga | ongophanga | engophanga |
| Class 2 | bophile, bophē | abophile, abophē | bophile, bophē | abophanga | abangophanga | bengophanga |
| Class 3 | wophile, wophē | owophile, owophē | wophile, wophē | awophanga | ongophanga | ungophanga |
| Class 4 | yophile, yophē | eyophile, eyophē | yophile, yophē | ayophanga | engophanga | ingophanga |
| Class 5 | lophile, lophē | elophile, elophē | lophile, lophē | alophanga | elingophanga | lingophanga |
| Class 6 | ophile, ophē | ophile, ophē | ophile, ophē | awophanga | angophanga | engophanga |
| Class 7 | sophile, sophē | esophile, esophē | sophile, sophē | asophanga | esingophanga | singophanga |
| Class 8 | zophile, zophē | ezophile, ezophē | zophile, zophē | azophanga | ezingophanga | zingophanga |
| Class 9 | yophile, yophē | eyophile, eyophē | yophile, yophē | ayophanga | engophanga | ingophanga |
| Class 10 | zophile, zophē | ezophile, ezophē | zophile, zophē | azophanga | ezingophanga | zingophanga |
| Class 11 | lophile, lophē | olophile, olophē | lophile, lophē | alophanga | olungophanga | lungophanga |
| Class 14 | bophile, bophē | obophile, obophē | bophile, bophē | abophanga | obungophanga | bungophanga |
| Class 15 | kophile, kophē | okophile, okophē | kophile, kophē | akophanga | okungophanga | kungophanga |
| Class 17 | kophile, kophē | okophile, okophē | kophile, kophē | akophanga | okungophanga | kungophanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngōpha | engōpha | ngōpha | angophanga | engingophanga | ngingophanga |
| 2nd singular | wōpha | owōpha | wōpha | awophanga | ongophanga | ungophanga |
| 1st plural | sōpha | esōpha | sōpha | asophanga | esingophanga | singophanga |
| 2nd plural | nōpha | enōpha | nōpha | anophanga | eningophanga | ningophanga |
| Class 1 | wōpha | owōpha | ōpha | akophanga | ongophanga | engophanga |
| Class 2 | bōpha | abōpha | bōpha | abophanga | abangophanga | bengophanga |
| Class 3 | wōpha | owōpha | wōpha | awophanga | ongophanga | ungophanga |
| Class 4 | yōpha | eyōpha | yōpha | ayophanga | engophanga | ingophanga |
| Class 5 | lōpha | elōpha | lōpha | alophanga | elingophanga | lingophanga |
| Class 6 | ōpha | ōpha | ōpha | awophanga | angophanga | engophanga |
| Class 7 | sōpha | esōpha | sōpha | asophanga | esingophanga | singophanga |
| Class 8 | zōpha | ezōpha | zōpha | azophanga | ezingophanga | zingophanga |
| Class 9 | yōpha | eyōpha | yōpha | ayophanga | engophanga | ingophanga |
| Class 10 | zōpha | ezōpha | zōpha | azophanga | ezingophanga | zingophanga |
| Class 11 | lōpha | olōpha | lōpha | alophanga | olungophanga | lungophanga |
| Class 14 | bōpha | obōpha | bōpha | abophanga | obungophanga | bungophanga |
| Class 15 | kōpha | okōpha | kōpha | akophanga | okungophanga | kungophanga |
| Class 17 | kōpha | okōpha | kōpha | akophanga | okungophanga | kungophanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingopha | — | ngingopha | ngingophe | — | ngingophe |
| 2nd singular | ungopha | — | ungopha | ungophe | — | ungophe |
| 1st plural | singopha | — | singopha | singophe | — | singophe |
| 2nd plural | ningopha | — | ningopha | ningophe | — | ningophe |
| Class 1 | angopha | — | engopha | angophe | — | engophe |
| Class 2 | bangopha | — | bengopha | bangophe | — | bengophe |
| Class 3 | ungopha | — | ungopha | ungophe | — | ungophe |
| Class 4 | ingopha | — | ingopha | ingophe | — | ingophe |
| Class 5 | lingopha | — | lingopha | lingophe | — | lingophe |
| Class 6 | angopha | — | engopha | angophe | — | engophe |
| Class 7 | singopha | — | singopha | singophe | — | singophe |
| Class 8 | zingopha | — | zingopha | zingophe | — | zingophe |
| Class 9 | ingopha | — | ingopha | ingophe | — | ingophe |
| Class 10 | zingopha | — | zingopha | zingophe | — | zingophe |
| Class 11 | lungopha | — | lungopha | lungophe | — | lungophe |
| Class 14 | bungopha | — | bungopha | bungophe | — | bungophe |
| Class 15 | kungopha | — | kungopha | kungophe | — | kungophe |
| Class 17 | kungopha | — | kungopha | kungophe | — | kungophe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizokopha | engizokopha | ngizokopha | angizukopha | engingezukopha | ngingezukopha |
| 2nd singular | uzokopha | ozokopha | uzokopha | awuzukopha | ongezukopha | ungezukopha |
| 1st plural | sizokopha | esizokopha | sizokopha | asizukopha | esingezukopha | singezukopha |
| 2nd plural | nizokopha | enizokopha | nizokopha | anizukopha | eningezukopha | ningezukopha |
| Class 1 | uzokopha | ozokopha | ezokopha | akazukopha | ongezukopha | engezukopha |
| Class 2 | bazokopha | abazokopha | bezokopha | abazukopha | abangezukopha | bengezukopha |
| Class 3 | uzokopha | ozokopha | uzokopha | awuzukopha | ongezukopha | ungezukopha |
| Class 4 | izokopha | ezokopha | izokopha | ayizukopha | engezukopha | ingezukopha |
| Class 5 | lizokopha | elizokopha | lizokopha | alizukopha | elingezukopha | lingezukopha |
| Class 6 | azokopha | azokopha | ezokopha | awazukopha | angezukopha | engezukopha |
| Class 7 | sizokopha | esizokopha | sizokopha | asizukopha | esingezukopha | singezukopha |
| Class 8 | zizokopha | ezizokopha | zizokopha | azizukopha | ezingezukopha | zingezukopha |
| Class 9 | izokopha | ezokopha | izokopha | ayizukopha | engezukopha | ingezukopha |
| Class 10 | zizokopha | ezizokopha | zizokopha | azizukopha | ezingezukopha | zingezukopha |
| Class 11 | luzokopha | oluzokopha | luzokopha | aluzukopha | olungezukopha | lungezukopha |
| Class 14 | buzokopha | obuzokopha | buzokopha | abuzukopha | obungezukopha | bungezukopha |
| Class 15 | kuzokopha | okuzokopha | kuzokopha | akuzukopha | okungezukopha | kungezukopha |
| Class 17 | kuzokopha | okuzokopha | kuzokopha | akuzukopha | okungezukopha | kungezukopha |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyokopha | engiyokopha | ngiyokopha | angiyukopha | engingeyukopha | ngingeyukopha |
| 2nd singular | uyokopha | oyokopha | uyokopha | awuyukopha | ongeyukopha | ungeyukopha |
| 1st plural | siyokopha | esiyokopha | siyokopha | asiyukopha | esingeyukopha | singeyukopha |
| 2nd plural | niyokopha | eniyokopha | niyokopha | aniyukopha | eningeyukopha | ningeyukopha |
| Class 1 | uyokopha | oyokopha | eyokopha | akayukopha | ongeyukopha | engeyukopha |
| Class 2 | bayokopha | abayokopha | beyokopha | abayukopha | abangeyukopha | bengeyukopha |
| Class 3 | uyokopha | oyokopha | uyokopha | awuyukopha | ongeyukopha | ungeyukopha |
| Class 4 | iyokopha | eyokopha | iyokopha | ayiyukopha | engeyukopha | ingeyukopha |
| Class 5 | liyokopha | eliyokopha | liyokopha | aliyukopha | elingeyukopha | lingeyukopha |
| Class 6 | ayokopha | ayokopha | eyokopha | awayukopha | angeyukopha | engeyukopha |
| Class 7 | siyokopha | esiyokopha | siyokopha | asiyukopha | esingeyukopha | singeyukopha |
| Class 8 | ziyokopha | eziyokopha | ziyokopha | aziyukopha | ezingeyukopha | zingeyukopha |
| Class 9 | iyokopha | eyokopha | iyokopha | ayiyukopha | engeyukopha | ingeyukopha |
| Class 10 | ziyokopha | eziyokopha | ziyokopha | aziyukopha | ezingeyukopha | zingeyukopha |
| Class 11 | luyokopha | oluyokopha | luyokopha | aluyukopha | olungeyukopha | lungeyukopha |
| Class 14 | buyokopha | obuyokopha | buyokopha | abuyukopha | obungeyukopha | bungeyukopha |
| Class 15 | kuyokopha | okuyokopha | kuyokopha | akuyukopha | okungeyukopha | kungeyukopha |
| Class 17 | kuyokopha | okuyokopha | kuyokopha | akuyukopha | okungeyukopha | kungeyukopha |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngophe | ngingophi |
| 2nd singular | wophe | ungophi |
| 1st plural | sophe | singophi |
| 2nd plural | nophe | ningophi |
| Class 1 | ophe | angophi |
| Class 2 | bophe | bangophi |
| Class 3 | wophe | ungophi |
| Class 4 | yophe | ingophi |
| Class 5 | lophe | lingophi |
| Class 6 | ophe | angophi |
| Class 7 | sophe | singophi |
| Class 8 | zophe | zingophi |
| Class 9 | yophe | ingophi |
| Class 10 | zophe | zingophi |
| Class 11 | lophe | lungophi |
| Class 14 | bophe | bungophi |
| Class 15 | kophe | kungophi |
| Class 17 | kophe | kungophi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngopha | ngangopha, angopha, angangopha |
| 2nd singular | wopha | wangopha, awopha, awangopha |
| 1st plural | sopha | sangopha, asopha, asangopha |
| 2nd plural | nopha | nangopha, anopha, anangopha |
| Class 1 | wopha | wangopha, akopha, akangopha |
| Class 2 | bopha | bangopha, abopha, abangopha |
| Class 3 | wopha | wangopha, awopha, awangopha |
| Class 4 | yopha | yangopha, ayopha, ayangopha |
| Class 5 | lopha | langopha, alopha, alangopha |
| Class 6 | opha | angopha, awopha, awangopha |
| Class 7 | sopha | sangopha, asopha, asangopha |
| Class 8 | zopha | zangopha, azopha, azangopha |
| Class 9 | yopha | yangopha, ayopha, ayangopha |
| Class 10 | zopha | zangopha, azopha, azangopha |
| Class 11 | lopha | lwangopha, alopha, alwangopha |
| Class 14 | bopha | bangopha, abopha, abangopha |
| Class 15 | kopha | kwangopha, akopha, akwangopha |
| Class 17 | kopha | kwangopha, akopha, akwangopha |

#### Derived terms

* -ophela (applicative)
* -ophisa (causative)
* -ophiwa (passive)
* umopha
* umopho

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “opha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “opha (6.3)”