# 雙鯉魚
## Chinese
### Etymology

From a Han-dynasty poem, titled Ballad of Watering Horses in a Ditch by the Great Wall (《飲馬長城窟行》):
    客從遠方來，遺我雙鯉魚。 呼兒烹鯉魚，中有尺素書。 長跪讀素書，書中意何如？ 上言加餐飯，下言長相憶。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]客从远方来，遗我双鲤鱼。 呼儿烹鲤鱼，中有尺素书。 长跪读素书，书中意何如？ 上言加餐饭，下言长相忆。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Han dynasty, Ballad of Watering Horses in a Ditch by the Great Wall (《飲馬長城窟行》), translation from The Anchor Book of Chinese Poetry (2010) by Tony Barnstone and Chou PingKè cóng yuǎnfāng lái, yí wǒ shuāng lǐyú. Hū ér pēng lǐyú, zhōng yǒu chǐ sùshū. Cháng guì dú sùshū, shū zhōng yì hérú? Shàng yán jiā cānfàn, xià yán cháng xiāngyì. [Pinyin]From a far land a traveler came and left me two carp. I asked my children to cook the fish and inside they found a silk letter. I knelt long and read the letter. What did that letter say? It started, Try to eat. and ended, I miss you always.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shuānglǐyú
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄤ ㄌㄧˇ ㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^1$ lei$^5$ jyu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shuānglǐyú
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄤ ㄌㄧˇ ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shuanglǐyú
*** Wade–Giles: shuang$^1$-li$^3$-yü$^2$
*** Yale: shwāng-lǐ-yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuangliiyu
*** Palladius: шуанлиюй (šuanlijuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^1$ lei$^5$ jyu$^4$
*** Yale: sēung léih yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^1$ lei$^5$ jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^1$ léi$^5$ yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ jyː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: sraewng liX ngjo
Rime :
| Character | 雙 | 鯉 | 魚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 來 (37) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 江 (9) | 之 (19) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | III | III |
| Fanqie | 所江切 | 良士切 | 語居切 |
| Baxter | sraewng | liX | ngjo |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠʌŋ/ | /lɨ$^X$/ | /ŋɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚɔŋ/ | /lɨ$^X$/ | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃɔŋ/ | /lie$^X$/ | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨwŋ/ | /lɨ$^X$/ | /ŋɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɔŋ/ | /liə$^X$/ | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɔŋ/ | /lĭə$^X$/ | /ŋĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂɔŋ/ | /li$^X$/ | /ŋi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shuāng | lǐ | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | song$^1$ | lei$^5$ | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]roŋ mə-rəʔ [r.ŋ]a/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sroːŋ rɯʔ ŋa/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 雙 | 鯉 | 魚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shuāng | lǐ | yú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sræwng › | ‹ li$^X$ › | ‹ ngjo › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]roŋ/ | /*mə-rəʔ/ | /*[r.ŋ]a/ |
| English | a pair | carp (n.) | fish (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 雙 | 鯉 | 魚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11932 | 7828 | 15939 |
| Phonetic component | 雙 | 里 | 魚 |
| Rime group | 東 | 之 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 雙 | 里 | 魚 |
| Old Chinese | /*sroːŋ/ | /*rɯʔ/ | /*ŋa/ |

### Noun

雙鯉魚
* (literary, figurative) letter; epistle

#### Synonyms

* (short form) 雙鯉／双鲤 (shuānglǐ)