# 消除
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāochú
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ ㄔㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$ ceoi$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siau-tîr / siau-tû / siau-tî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siao$^1$ de$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāochú
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ ㄔㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siaochú
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$-chʻu$^2$
*** Yale: syāu-chú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiauchwu
*** Palladius: сяочу (sjaoču)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$ ceoi$^4$
*** Yale: sīu chèuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$ tsoey$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$ cêu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-tîr
*** Tâi-lô: siau-tîr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³ tɯ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-tû
*** Tâi-lô: siau-tû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siau'duu
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tu²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴⁻²² tu²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-tî
*** Tâi-lô: siau-tî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siau'dii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siao$^1$ de$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau tṳ̂
*** Sinological IPA : /siau³³⁻²³ tɯ⁵⁵/

### Verb

消除
* to remove; to clear; to eliminate; to dispel
    消除隱患／消除隐患 ― xiāochú yǐnhuàn ― to remove hidden dangers
    消除愚昧 ― xiāochú yúmèi ― to eliminate ignorance
    消除感染 ― xiāochú gǎnrǎn ― elimination of infection

#### Synonyms

* 免
* 免除 (miǎnchú)
* 刷 (colloquial)
* 削 (literary, or in compounds)
* 削除 (xuēchú)
* 去掉 (qùdiào)
* 去除 (qùchú)
* 報銷／报销 (bàoxiāo) (figurative, humorous)
* 屏除 (bǐngchú)
* 廓清 (kuòqīng)
* 打掉 (dǎdiào)
* 掃／扫
* 排解 (páijiě)
* 排除 (páichú)
* 掃除／扫除 (sǎochú) (figurative)
* 摒除 (bìngchú)
* 撤 (chè)
* 撤除 (chèchú)
* 消 (xiāo)
* 消弭 (xiāomǐ) (literary)
* 消解 (xiāojiě)
* 消釋／消释 (xiāoshì) (figurative)
* 淘汰 (táotài)
* 清洗 (qīngxǐ) (figurative)
* 清除 (qīngchú)
* 破 (pò) (literary, or in compounds)
* 破壞／破坏 (pòhuài)
* 破除 (pòchú)
* 祛除 (qūchú)
* 罷／罢
* 翦落 (jiǎnluò) (literary)
* 肅清／肃清 (sùqīng)
* 蕩／荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 解釋／解释 (jiěshì) (archaic)
* 解除 (jiěchú)
* 鋤／锄 (chú)
* 鏟除／铲除 (chǎnchú)
* 除
* 除去 (chúqù)
* 除忒 (Hakka)
* 除掉 (chúdiào)
* 除開／除开 (chúkāi)
* 革除 (géchú)
* 驅散／驱散 (qūsàn)
* 驅走／驱走 (qūzǒu)
* 驅除／驱除 (qūchú)

#### Derived terms

* 消除飲食／消除饮食 (xiāochú yǐnshí)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 消 | 除 |
| しょう Grade: 3 | じょ Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 消除 (MC sjew drjo|drjoH, literally “to vanish + to remove”). Compare modern Mandarin reading xiāochú, Min Nan siau-tû.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーじょ [shóꜜòjò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːʑo̞]

### Noun

消(しょう)除(じょ) • (shōjo)
* vanishing, disappearance, removal, erasure

### Verb

消(しょう)除(じょ)する • (shōjo suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 消(しょう)除(じょ)し (shōjo shi), past 消(しょう)除(じょ)した (shōjo shita))
* (intransitive) to vanish, to disappear
* (transitive) to make something vanish or disappear, to remove, to erase

#### Usage notes

This term is seldom used in modern Japanese, and is not included in some dictionaries.
The more common terms are 消(き)え失(う)せる (kieuseru) for the transitive verb, or 除(じょ)去(きょ) (jokyo) for either the noun or verb.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 消除し | しょうじょし | shōjo shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 消除し | しょうじょし | shōjo shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 消除する | しょうじょする | shōjo suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 消除する | しょうじょする | shōjo suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 消除すれ | しょうじょすれ | shōjo sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 消除せよ¹ 消除しろ² | しょうじょせよ¹ しょうじょしろ² | shōjo seyo¹ shōjo shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 消除される | しょうじょされる | shōjo sareru |
| Causative | 消除させる 消除さす | しょうじょさせる しょうじょさす | shōjo saseru shōjo sasu |
| Potential | 消除できる | しょうじょできる | shōjo dekiru |
| Volitional | 消除しよう | しょうじょしよう | shōjo shiyō |
| Negative | 消除しない | しょうじょしない | shōjo shinai |
| Negative continuative | 消除せず | しょうじょせず | shōjo sezu |
| Formal | 消除します | しょうじょします | shōjo shimasu |
| Perfective | 消除した | しょうじょした | shōjo shita |
| Conjunctive | 消除して | しょうじょして | shōjo shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 消除すれば | しょうじょすれば | shōjo sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN