# 蕭瑟
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāosè
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ ㄙㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$ sat$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siau-siak / siau-sek
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāosè
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ ㄙㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siaosè
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$-sê$^4$
*** Yale: syāu-sè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiauseh
*** Palladius: сяосэ (sjaosɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$ sat$^1$
*** Yale: sīu sāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$ sat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$ sed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵ sɐt̚⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$消失 蕭瑟／萧瑟
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-siak
*** Tâi-lô: siau-siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siausiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³ siak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-sek
*** Tâi-lô: siau-sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siauseg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: sew srit
Rime :
| Character | 蕭 | 瑟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) | 櫛 (51) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 蘇彫切 | 所櫛切 |
| Baxter | sew | srit |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /seu/ | /ʃɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /seu/ | /ʃɪt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /seu/ | /ʃiet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛw/ | /ʂit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /seu/ | /ʃiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /sieu/ | /ʃĭet̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /sieu/ | /ʂi̯æt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāo | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^1$ | sat$^1$ |

### Adjective

蕭瑟
* rustling in the air; soughing
    From: Cao Cao (155-220), 觀滄海
    Qiūfēng xiāosè, hóngbō yǒng qǐ. [Pinyin]
    The autumn wind soughs, great waves surge up.
* bleak; desolate

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 蕭 | 瑟 |
| しょう Hyōgai | しつ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーしつ [shòóshítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːɕit͡sɨ]

### Adjective

蕭(しょう)瑟(しつ) • (shōshitsu) $^†$-tari (adnominal 蕭(しょう)瑟(しつ)とした (shōshitsu to shita) or 蕭(しょう)瑟(しつ)たる (shōshitsu taru), adverbial 蕭(しょう)瑟(しつ)と (shōshitsu to) or 蕭(しょう)瑟(しつ)として (shōshitsu to shite))
* rustling in the air; soughing

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 蕭瑟たら | しょうしつたら | syousitu tara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 蕭瑟と$^{[1]}$ 蕭瑟たり$^{[2]}$ | しょうしつと しょうしつたり | syousitu to syousitu tari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 蕭瑟たり | しょうしつたり | syousitu tari |
| Attributive (連体形) | 蕭瑟たる | しょうしつたる | syousitu taru |
| Realis (已然形) | 蕭瑟たれ | しょうしつたれ | syousitu tare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 蕭瑟たれ | しょうしつたれ | syousitu tare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 蕭瑟たらず | しょうしつたらず | syousitu tarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 蕭瑟たれど | しょうしつたれど | syousitu taredo |
| Causal conjunction | 蕭瑟たれば | しょうしつたれば | syousitu tareba |
| Conditional conjunction | 蕭瑟たらば | しょうしつたらば | syousitu taraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 蕭瑟たりき | しょうしつたりき | syousitu tariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 蕭瑟たりけり | しょうしつたりけり | syousitu tarikeri |
| Adverbial | 蕭瑟と | しょうしつと | syousitu to |
| $^{[1]}$Without auxiliary verb. $^{[2]}$With auxiliary verb. ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN