# がくがく
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

* Alternative spelling
* ガクガク

#### Pronunciation

(when used as a verb or adverb):
* (Tokyo) がくがく [gàkúgákú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡa̠kɯ̟ɡa̠kɯ̟]
(when used as an adjective):
* (Tokyo) がくがく [gáꜜkùgàkù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɡa̠kɯ̟ɡa̠kɯ̟]

#### Verb

がくがくする • (gakugaku suru) suru (stem がくがくし (gakugaku shi), past がくがくした (gakugaku shita))
* (onomatopoeia) trembling (with fear, cold, etc.), shaking, chattering (of teeth)
    膝(ひざ)ががくがくする
       hiza ga gakugaku suru
       leg is trembling
* (onomatopoeia) coming loose
    いすの脚(あし)ががくがくする
       isu no ashiga gakugaku suru
       the leg of the chair is wobbling

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | がくがくし | gakugaku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | がくがくし | gakugaku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | がくがくする | gakugaku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | がくがくする | gakugaku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | がくがくすれ | gakugaku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | がくがくせよ¹ がくがくしろ² | gakugaku seyo¹ gakugaku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | がくがくされる | gakugaku sareru |
| Causative | がくがくさせる がくがくさす | gakugaku saseru gakugaku sasu |
| Potential | がくがくできる | gakugaku dekiru |
| Volitional | がくがくしよう | gakugaku shiyō |
| Negative | がくがくしない | gakugaku shinai |
| Negative continuative | がくがくせず | gakugaku sezu |
| Formal | がくがくします | gakugaku shimasu |
| Perfective | がくがくした | gakugaku shita |
| Conjunctive | がくがくして | gakugaku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | がくがくすれば | gakugaku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Adverb

がくがく • (gakugaku)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Adjective

がくがく • (gakugaku) -na (adnominal がくがくな (gakugaku na), adverbial がくがくに (gakugaku ni))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | がくがくだろ | gakugaku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | がくがくで | gakugaku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | がくがくだ | gakugaku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | がくがくな | gakugaku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | がくがくなら | gakugaku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | がくがくであれ | gakugaku de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | がくがくではない がくがくじゃない | gakugaku de wa nai gakugaku ja nai |
| Informal past | がくがくだった | gakugaku datta |
| Informal negative past | がくがくではなかった がくがくじゃなかった | gakugaku de wa nakatta gakugaku ja nakatta |
| Formal | がくがくです | gakugaku desu |
| Formal negative | がくがくではありません がくがくじゃありません | gakugaku de wa arimasen gakugaku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | がくがくでした | gakugaku deshita |
| Formal negative past | がくがくではありませんでした がくがくじゃありませんでした | gakugaku de wa arimasen deshita gakugaku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | がくがくで | gakugaku de |
| Conditional | がくがくなら（ば） | gakugaku nara (ba) |
| Provisional | がくがくだったら | gakugaku dattara |
| Volitional | がくがくだろう | gakugaku darō |
| Adverbial | がくがくに | gakugaku ni |
| Degree | がくがくさ | gakugakusa |

##### Derived terms

* ガクガクブルブル (gakugaku-buruburu)

### Etymology 2

* Alternative spellings
* 諤諤 諤々 愕愕 愕々

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) がくがく [gàkúgákú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡa̠kɯ̟ɡa̠kɯ̟]

#### Adjective

がくがく • (gakugaku)
* outspoken
* speaking in a boisterous way

##### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | がくがくだろ | gakugaku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | がくがくで | gakugaku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | がくがくだ | gakugaku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | がくがくな | gakugaku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | がくがくなら | gakugaku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | がくがくであれ | gakugaku de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | がくがくではない がくがくじゃない | gakugaku de wa nai gakugaku ja nai |
| Informal past | がくがくだった | gakugaku datta |
| Informal negative past | がくがくではなかった がくがくじゃなかった | gakugaku de wa nakatta gakugaku ja nakatta |
| Formal | がくがくです | gakugaku desu |
| Formal negative | がくがくではありません がくがくじゃありません | gakugaku de wa arimasen gakugaku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | がくがくでした | gakugaku deshita |
| Formal negative past | がくがくではありませんでした がくがくじゃありませんでした | gakugaku de wa arimasen deshita gakugaku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | がくがくで | gakugaku de |
| Conditional | がくがくなら（ば） | gakugaku nara (ba) |
| Provisional | がくがくだったら | gakugaku dattara |
| Volitional | がくがくだろう | gakugaku darō |
| Adverbial | がくがくに | gakugaku ni |
| Degree | がくがくさ | gakugakusa |

#### Noun

がくがく • (gakugaku)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN