# 終身
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōngshēn
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zung$^1$ san$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-sṳ̂n
* Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆ng-sĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiong-sin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zong$^1$ sing$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngshēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhongshen
*** Wade–Giles: chung$^1$-shên$^1$
*** Yale: jūng-shēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongshen
*** Palladius: чжуншэнь (čžunšɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^1$ san$^1$
*** Yale: jūng sān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^1$ san$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^1$ sen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-sṳ̂n
*** Hakka Romanization System: zung$^ˊ$ siin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zung$^1$ sin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨn²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆ng-sĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syŋ⁵⁵ $^{(s-)}$niŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong-sin
*** Tâi-lô: tsiong-sin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciongsyn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ³³ sin³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zong$^1$ sing$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsong sing
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soŋ³³⁻²³ siŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyuwng syin
Rime :
| Character | 終 | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 職戎切 | 失人切 |
| Baxter | tsyuwng | syin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨuŋ/ | /ɕiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiuŋ/ | /ɕin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiuŋ/ | /ɕjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cuwŋ/ | /ɕin/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiuŋ/ | /ɕiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭuŋ/ | /ɕĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯uŋ/ | /ɕi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōng | shēn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zung$^1$ | san$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ n̥i[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋ qʰjin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 終 | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhōng | shēn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyuwng › | ‹ syin › |
| Old Chinese | /*tuŋ/ | /*n̥i[ŋ]/ |
| English | end | body; self |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 終 | 身 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2428 | 11247 |
| Phonetic component | 冬 | 身 |
| Rime group | 終 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 終 | 申 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjuŋ/ | /*qʰjin/ |
| Notes | | 甲金文象人鼓其腹， 表其身有孕，非申聲 |

### Noun

終身
* all one's life; one's lifetime
    終身教育／终身教育 ― zhōngshēn jiàoyù ― lifelong education
    終身職位／终身职位 ― zhōngshēn zhíwèi ― tenure
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Dàfū fèi qí shì, zhōngshēn bùshì, sǐ yǐ shì lǐ zàng zhī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 一世 (yīshì)
* 一生 (yīshēng)
* 一生一世 (yīshēngyīshì)
* 一輩子／一辈子 (yībèizi) (colloquial)
* 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 平生 (píngshēng)
* 永世 (yǒngshì)
* 永生 (yǒngshēng)
* 沒世／没世 (mòshì)
* 生平 (shēngpíng)
* 畢生／毕生 (bìshēng)
* 終生／终生 (zhōngshēng)
* 輩／辈 (bèi)
* 輩子／辈子 (bèizi)

#### Derived terms

* 終身制／终身制
* 終身大事／终身大事 (zhōngshēndàshì)
* 終身監禁／终身监禁 (zhōngshēn jiānjìn)
* 託付終身／托付终身 (tuōfù zhōngshēn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 終身(しゅうしん) (shūshin)
* → Korean: 종신(終身) (jongsin)
* → Vietnamese: chung thân (終身)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 終 | 身 |
| しゅう Grade: 3 | しん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅうしん [shúꜜùshìǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) しゅうしん [shùúshíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨːɕĩɴ]

### Noun

終(しゅう)身(しん) • (shūshin)
* a lifetime, a whole life
    終身(しゅうしん)雇用(こよう)の廃止(はいし)
       shūshin koyō no haishi
       abolition of lifetime employment

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN