# 諸侯
## Chinese

* 諸侯 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Chinese nobility (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhūhóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ ㄏㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu$^1$ hau$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chir-hiô / chu-hô͘
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsy-gheu$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhūhóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄏㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuhóu
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^1$-hou$^2$
*** Yale: jū-hóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juhour
*** Palladius: чжухоу (čžuxou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ xoʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyu$^1$ hau$^4$
*** Yale: jyū hàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzy$^1$ hau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ju$^1$ heo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syː⁵⁵ hɐu̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir-hiô
*** Tâi-lô: tsir-hiô
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³ hio²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu-hô͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsu-hôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zu'hoo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hɔ¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsy-gheu$_6$
*** MiniDict: tsy$^平$ gheu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsr-hheu$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ɦɤ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsyo huw
Rime :
| Character | 諸 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 章魚切 | 戸鉤切 |
| Baxter | tsyo | huw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨʌ/ | /ɦəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /ɦəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /ɣəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cɨə̆/ | /ɦəw/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /ɣu/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭo/ | /ɣəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯wo/ | /ɣə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhū | hóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^1$ | hau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ta [ɡ]ˤ(r)o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjaː ɡoː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 諸 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhū | hóu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyo › | ‹ huw › |
| Old Chinese | /*ta/ | /*[ɡ]ˁ(r)o/ |
| English | many | feudal lord |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 諸 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16959 | 5139 |
| Phonetic component | 者 | 侯 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遮 | |
| Old Chinese | /*tjaː/ | /*ɡoː/ |
| Notes | | 矦隸變 |

### Noun

諸侯
* (historical) feudal lord; feudal vassal; member of the Chinese nobility

#### Synonyms

* 百辟 (bǎibì)
* 列侯 (lièhóu)

#### Derived terms

* 五諸侯／五诸侯
* 八百諸侯／八百诸侯
* 十二諸侯／十二诸侯
* 命諸侯／命诸侯
* 挾天子以令諸侯／挟天子以令诸侯 (xié tiānzǐ yǐ lìng zhūhóu)
* 挾天子令諸侯／挟天子令诸侯
* 挾天子而令諸侯／挟天子而令诸侯
* 東諸侯／东诸侯
* 猥諸侯／猥诸侯
* 諸侯國／诸侯国 (zhūhóuguó)
* 諸侯王／诸侯王
* 諸侯長／诸侯长

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 諸侯(しょこう) (shokō)
* → Korean: 제후(諸侯) (jehu)
* → Vietnamese: chư hầu (諸侯)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 諸 | 侯 |
| しょ Grade: 6 | こう Grade: S |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 諸侯 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

諸 (pluralizing prefix) +‎ 侯 (“nobleman; marquis”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょこー [shóꜜkòò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ko̞ː]

### Noun

諸(しょ)侯(こう) • (shokō)
* (historical, feudalism) noblemen, especially those with familial ties to an East Asian 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”), who were ranked by the 五爵 (goshaku, “five ranks”)