# 牙花子
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáhuāzi
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚˊ ㄏㄨㄚ ˙ㄗ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáhuāzi
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ ㄏㄨㄚ ˙ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáhuazi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: ya$^2$-hua$^1$-tzŭ$^5$
*** Yale: yá-hwā-dz
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yahua.tzy
*** Palladius: яхуацзы (jaxuaczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /jä³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

### Noun

牙花子
* (dialectal) gum; the flesh around the teeth
* (dialectal) dental plaque
* (dialectal) food residue left on or between the teeth

#### Synonyms

* (gum):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 齦 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 牙齦, 齒齦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 牙床兒, 牙床子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 牙床, 牙齦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 牙花子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 牙花子, 牙床子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 牙花子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 牙花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 牙床, 牙圪陵兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 牙山 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 牙花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 牙床子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 牙花子, 牙關子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 牙根子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 牙床子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 牙花子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 牙床子, 牙花子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 牙床 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 牙包 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 牙根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 牙根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 牙肉, 牙床 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 牙花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 牙花子, 牙板子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 牙齦子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 牙肉, 牙床 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 牙床, 牙齦 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 牙肉, 牙根 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 牙肉 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 牙肉 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 牙疆 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 牙腮肉, 牙腮, 牙床肉, 牙床, 牙較 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 牙筋肉, 牙腮肉 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 牙床肉 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 牙床肉 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 牙床肉 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 牙脣肉 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 牙藤 |
| Hakka | Changting | 牙舷肉 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 牙騎肉 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 牙琴肉 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 牙門肉, 牙齦肉 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 牙查肉, 牙床肉 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 牙齒肉 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 牙㿸肉, 牙䫧 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 牙撬肉, 牙䫧 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 牙倉肉, 牙床肉 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 牙倉肉 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 牙倉肉 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 牙齦肉, 牙槽 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 牙倉肉 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 牙槽肉, 牙槽 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 牙倉肉 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 牙根, 牙肉 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 牙框肉 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 牙倉肉 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 牙倉肉 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 牙叉肉 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 牙床子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 牙花子, 牙床 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 牙槽, 牙齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 齒座, 牙座, 牙齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 牙齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 齒座 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 牙齦 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 喙齒齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 齒座 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 喙齒齦 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 喙齒齦 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 喙齒齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 牙齒齦 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 齒仁, 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 齒仁, 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牙槽 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 牙槽, 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 齒岸 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 齒齦 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 齒齦 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 齒牙齦 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 齒囤 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 齒囤 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 牙床, 牙肉 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 牙床, 牙床骨, 牙肉 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 牙齦 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 牙肉 |
| Wu | Danyang | 牙連肉 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 牙床肉兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 牙肉 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 牙床肉 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 牙床肉 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 牙齦子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 牙群肉 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 牙床 |
* (plaque):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 牙垢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 牙花子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 牙垢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 牙滯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 牙滯子, 牙鏽 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 牙黃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 牙鏽 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 牙花兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 牙花子, 牙鏽 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 牙花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 牙鏽 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 牙屎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 牙花子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 牙鏽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 牙黃, 牙屎, 牙垢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 牙𨣉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 牙屎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 牙屎, 牙鏽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 牙屎 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 牙黃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 牙垠 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 牙黃 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 牙齒垢 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 牙茄 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 牙黃 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 牙齒屎 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 牙齒屎 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 牙齒屎 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 牙屎 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 牙屎 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 牙屎 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 牙㿸, 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 牙屎, 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Changting | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 牙屎㿸, 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 牙㿸 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 牙黃 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 牙屎 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 牙黃 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 牙齒垽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 牙花子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 牙鏽 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 牙乾 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 牙坩 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 牙齒垢 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 牙齪, 牙齦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 齒𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 齒𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 齒𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 喙齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 齒𣻸, 喙齒𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 齒𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 牙屎 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 齒屎, 牙齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 喙齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 牙齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 齒屎 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 牙屎 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 牙屎 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 牙屎 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 齒鉎 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 齒屎 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 牙齒𣻸 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 牙屎 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 牙屎 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 牙齒屎, 牙屎 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 牙惡 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 牙惡 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 牙垠, 牙黃 |
| Wu | Danyang | 牙齒垠 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 牙齒惡 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 牙子惡, 牙惡, 牙子垽 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 牙齒惡, 牙𥀃 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 牙齒惡 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 牙㿸, 牙垢 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 牙屎 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 牙根屎, 牙屎 |