# ϣⲑⲁⲙ
## Coptic
### Verb

ϣⲑⲁⲙ • (štham)
* (Bohairic) to close

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϣⲑⲁⲙ štham | imperative | affirmative | ϣⲑⲁⲙ štham |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲑⲁⲙ štemštham | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀perštham |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϣⲑⲁⲙ tištham | ⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ kštham | ⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ teštham | ϥϣⲑⲁⲙ fštham | ⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ sštham | ⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ tenštham | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ tetenštham | ⲥⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ seštham | ϣⲑⲁⲙ štham |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ eištham | ⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ ekštham | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ereštham | ⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ efštham | ⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ esštham | ⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ enštham | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ eretenštham | ⲉⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ euštham | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ere- štham |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϣⲑⲁⲙ etištham | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etekštham | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eteštham | ⲉⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etefštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etesštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etenštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etetenštham | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etouštham | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ete- štham |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ naištham | ⲛⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ nakštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ nareštham | ⲛⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ nafštham | ⲛⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ nasštham | ⲛⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nanštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ naretenštham | ⲛⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ nauštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ nare- štham |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ aištham | ⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ akštham | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ areštham | ⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ afštham | ⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ asštham | ⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ anštham | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ aretenštham | ⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ auštham | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ are- štham |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ tinaštham | ⲭⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ khnaštham | ⲧⲉⲣⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ teraštham | ϥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ fnaštham | ⲥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ snaštham | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ tennaštham | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ tetennaštham | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ senaštham | ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ naštham |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ einaštham | ⲉⲭⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ekhnaštham | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ erenaštham | ⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ efnaštham | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ esnaštham | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ennaštham | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ eretennaštham | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ eunaštham | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ere- naštham |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etinaštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etekhnaštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etenaštham | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etefnaštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etesnaštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etennaštham | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etetennaštham | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ etounaštham | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ete- naštham |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nainaštham | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nakhnaštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ narenaštham | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nafnaštham | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nasnaštham | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nannaštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ naretennaštham | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ naunaštham | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ nare- naštham |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ainaštham | ⲁⲭⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ akhnaštham | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ arenaštham | ⲁϥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ afnaštham | ⲁⲥⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ asnaštham | ⲁⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ annaštham | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ aretennaštham | ⲁⲩⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ aunaštham | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ are- naštham |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ aištham | ⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ akštham | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ areštham | ⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ afštham | ⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ asštham | ⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ anštham | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ atetenštham | ⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ auštham | ⲁ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ a- štham |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pištham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pekštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀peštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pefštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pesštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀petenštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pouštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pe- štham |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ eaištham | ⲉⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ eakštham | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eareštham | ⲉⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ eafštham | ⲉⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ easštham | ⲉⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ eanštham | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ eatetenštham | ⲉⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ eauštham | ⲉⲁ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ea- štham |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pištham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pekštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀peštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pefštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pesštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀penštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀petenštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pouštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pe- štham |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ etaištham | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etakštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etareštham | ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etafštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etasštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etanštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etaretenštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etauštham | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ eta- štham |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pištham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pekštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀peštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pefštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pesštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀penštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀petenštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pouštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pe- štham |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ neaištham | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ neakštham | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ neareštham | ⲛⲉⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ neafštham | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ neasštham | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ neanštham | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ neatetenštham | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ neauštham | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ nea- štham |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pištham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pekštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀peštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pefštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pesštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀penštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀petenštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pouštham | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ nem̀pe- štham |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ etaištham | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etakštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etareštham | ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etafštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etasštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etanštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etaretenštham | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etauštham | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ eta- štham |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patištham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patekštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pateštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patefštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patesštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patenštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patetenštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀patouštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pate- štham |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patištham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patekštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pateštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patefštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patesštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patenštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patetenštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀patouštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pate- štham |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patištham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patekštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pateštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patefštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patesštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patenštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patetenštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀patouštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pate- štham |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patištham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patekštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pateštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patefštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patesštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patenštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patetenštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀patouštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pate- štham |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ šaištham | ϣⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ šakštham | ϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ šareštham | ϣⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ šafštham | ϣⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ šasštham | ϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ šanštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ šatetenštham | ϣⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ šauštham | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ šare- štham |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀paištham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pakštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pareštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pafštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pasštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀panštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀paretenštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pauštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀pare- štham |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ ešaištham | ⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ ešakštham | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ešareštham | ⲉϣⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ ešafštham | ⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ ešasštham | ⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ešanštham | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ešatetenštham | ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ ešauštham | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ešare- štham |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀paištham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pakštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pareštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pafštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pasštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀panštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀paretenštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pauštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pare- štham |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ etšaištham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etšakštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etšareštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etšafštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etšasštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etšanštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etšatetenštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etšauštham | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ etšare- štham |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀paištham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pakštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pareštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pafštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pasštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀panštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀paretenštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pauštham | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ etm̀pare- štham |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ našaištham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ našakštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ našareštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ našafštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ našasštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ našanštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ našatetenštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ našauštham | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ našare- štham |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀paištham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pakštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pareštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pafštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pasštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀panštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀paretenštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pauštham | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ nam̀pare- štham |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀paištham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pakštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pareštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pafštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pasštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀panštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀paretenštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pauštham | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ em̀pare- štham |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eieštham | ⲉⲕⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ekeštham | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ereštham | ⲉϥⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ efeštham | ⲉⲥⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eseštham | ⲉⲛⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eneštham | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ereteneštham | ⲉⲩⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ eueštham | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ere- štham |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnaštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnekštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹneštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnefštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnesštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnenštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnetenštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹnouštham | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹne- štham |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ marištham | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ marefštham | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ maresštham | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ marenštham | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ marouštham | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ mare- štham |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthrištham | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthrefštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthresštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthrenštham | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthreuštham | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ m̀penthre- štham |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtaštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtekštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹteštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtefštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtesštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtenštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹtetenštham | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹseštham, ǹtouštham | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ ǹte- štham |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ tarištham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ tarekštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ tareštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ tarefštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ taresštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ tarenštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ taretenštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ tarouštham | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ tare- štham |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϣⲑⲁⲙ šatištham | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ šatekštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ šateštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲑⲁⲙ šatefštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ šatesštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ šatenštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ šatetenštham | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ šatouštham | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ šate- štham |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ aišanštham | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ akšanštham | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ arešanštham | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ afšanštham | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ asšanštham | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ anšanštham | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ aretenšanštham | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ aušanštham | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ arešan- štham |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϣⲑⲁⲙ aištham | ⲁⲕϣⲑⲁⲙ akštham | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲑⲁⲙ areštham | ⲁϥϣⲑⲁⲙ afštham | ⲁⲥϣⲑⲁⲙ asštham | ⲁⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ anštham | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲁⲙ aretenštham | ⲁⲩϣⲑⲁⲙ auštham | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲑⲁⲙ are- štham |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |