# 千金
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiānjīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cin$^1$ gam$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiên-kîm
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhian-kim
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiānjīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cianjin
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^1$-chin$^1$
*** Yale: chyān-jīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianjin
*** Palladius: цяньцзинь (cjanʹczinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$千斤 千金
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cin$^1$ gam$^1$
*** Yale: chīn gām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsin$^1$ gam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qin$^1$ gem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐm⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiên-kîm
*** Hakka Romanization System: qien$^ˊ$ gim$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qian$^1$ gim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ kim²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhian-kim
*** Tâi-lô: tshian-kim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chienkym
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn³³ kim³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tshen kim
Rime :
| Character | 千 | 金 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 蒼先切 | 居吟切 |
| Baxter | tshen | kim |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰen/ | /kˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰen/ | /kᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰɛn/ | /kiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰɛn/ | /kjim/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰen/ | /kjəm/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰien/ | /kĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰien/ | /ki̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiān | jīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cin$^1$ | gam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.n̥ˤi[ŋ] k(r)[ə]m/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn krɯm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 千 | 金 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiān | jīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshen › | ‹ kim › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.n̥ˁi[ŋ]/ | /*k(r)[ə]m/ |
| English | thousand | metal, bronze |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 千 | 金 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10792 | 6679 |
| Phonetic component | 人 | 金 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 千 | 金 |
| Old Chinese | /*sn̥ʰiːn/ | /*krɯm/ |
| Notes | 小徐人聲，甲文乃借人加一 | 說文今聲，俞敏依金文非之 |

### Noun

千金
* large amount of money; riches
    備急千金要方／备急千金要方 ― bèijí qiānjīn yào fāng ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (honorific) daughter (not of one's own)

#### Derived terms

* 一刻千金 (yīkèqiānjīn)
* 一壺千金／一壶千金
* 一字值千金
* 一字千金 (yīzìqiānjīn)
* 一擲千金／一掷千金 (yīzhìqiānjīn)
* 一曲千金
* 一笑千金
* 一言千金
* 一言已定，千金不移
* 一諾千金／一诺千金 (yīnuòqiānjīn)
* 一飯千金／一饭千金
* 千金一刻
* 千金一擲／千金一掷
* 千金一笑
* 千金一諾／千金一诺
* 千金之子
* 千金之子，坐不垂堂
* 千金之家
* 千金之裘，非一狐之腋
* 千金小姐
* 千金市骨
* 千金敝帚
* 千金笑 (qiānjīnxiào)
* 千金裘
* 千金要方
* 千金記／千金记
* 千金買笑／千金买笑
* 千金買骨／千金买骨
* 千金軀／千金躯
* 千金難買少年窮／千金难买少年穷 (qiānjīn nán mǎi shàonián qióng)
* 家有千金，不如日進分文／家有千金，不如日进分文
* 家有敝帚，享之千金
* 家累千金，坐不垂堂
* 弊帚千金
* 敝帚千金 (bìzhǒuqiānjīn)
* 春宵一刻值千金

### Adjective

千金
* (figurative) extremely precious

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 千金(せんきん) (senkin)
* → Korean: 천금(千金) (cheon'geum)
* → Vietnamese: thiên kim (千金)

### References

* “Entry #379”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.