# 自習
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìxí
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄒㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ zaap$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chīr-si̍p / chū-si̍p
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìxí
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄒㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhsí
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-hsi$^2$
*** Yale: dz̀-syí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhshyi
*** Palladius: цзыси (czysi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ zaap$^6$
*** Yale: jih jaahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ dzaap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ zab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² t͡saːp̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-si̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tsīr-si̍p
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² sip̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-si̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tsū-si̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuxsip
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ sip̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ sip̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ sip̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴/

### Verb

自習
* to study by oneself (outside of class time)
    From: 2008: Qin Yong (秦俑), 化妝
    Shàng dàxué nèihuìr, nǚshēng dōu ài zhāduīr, nǐ sān ge yī qún, wǒ wǔ ge yī huǒ, yīkuàir shàng shítáng chīfàn, yīkuàir dào túshūguǎn wǎn zìxí. [Pinyin]
    Back during my uni days, the girls liked going in groups to the canteen for a bite to eat or to the library to study into the night.

#### Derived terms

* 早自習／早自习 (zǎozìxí)
* 晚自習／晚自习 (wǎnzìxí)
* 自習室／自习室 (zìxíshì)

#### See also

* 自修 (zìxiū)
* 自學／自学 (zìxué)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 自 | 習 |
| じ Grade: 2 | しゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

自(じ)習(しゅう) • (jishū)
* self-study; teaching oneself (while the teacher is not present)
    自習(じしゅう)室(しつ)
       jishūshitsu
       self-study room

#### Derived terms

* 自学自習(じがくじしゅう) (jigakujishū)

### Verb

自(じ)習(しゅう)する • (jishū suru) suru (stem 自(じ)習(しゅう)し (jishū shi), past 自(じ)習(しゅう)した (jishū shita))
* to study by oneself (while the teacher is not present)

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 自習し | じしゅうし | jishū shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 自習し | じしゅうし | jishū shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 自習する | じしゅうする | jishū suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 自習する | じしゅうする | jishū suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 自習すれ | じしゅうすれ | jishū sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 自習せよ¹ 自習しろ² | じしゅうせよ¹ じしゅうしろ² | jishū seyo¹ jishū shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 自習される | じしゅうされる | jishū sareru |
| Causative | 自習させる 自習さす | じしゅうさせる じしゅうさす | jishū saseru jishū sasu |
| Potential | 自習できる | じしゅうできる | jishū dekiru |
| Volitional | 自習しよう | じしゅうしよう | jishū shiyō |
| Negative | 自習しない | じしゅうしない | jishū shinai |
| Negative continuative | 自習せず | じしゅうせず | jishū sezu |
| Formal | 自習します | じしゅうします | jishū shimasu |
| Perfective | 自習した | じしゅうした | jishū shita |
| Conjunctive | 自習して | じしゅうして | jishū shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 自習すれば | じしゅうすれば | jishū sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.