# 裂

| 裂 | U+88C2, &#35010; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88C2 |
| ← 裁 [U+88C1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 裃 → [U+88C3] |
| 裂 | U+F9A0, &#63904; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9A0 |
| ← 烈 [U+F99F] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 說 → [U+F9A1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

裂 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一弓卜竹女 (MNYHV), four-corner 1273$_2$, composition ⿱列衣)

#### Derived characters

* 𱔗, 𧝦, 𰽊, 𰅖, 𭙻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1116, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34260
* Dae Jaweon: page 1582, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3087, character 1
* Unihan data for U+88C2
* Unihan data for U+F9A0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 例 | *reds |
| 鮤 | *reds, *red |
| 栵 | *reds, *red |
| 洌 | *reds, *red |
| 銐 | *r'eds, *r̥ʰjeds |
| 峛 | *relʔ |
| 列 | *red |
| 裂 | *red |
| 烈 | *red |
| 冽 | *red |
| 迾 | *red |
| 蛚 | *red |
| 茢 | *red |
| 颲 | *red |
| 鴷 | *red |
| 挒 | *red |
| 姴 | *red |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *red) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 列 (OC *red, “to tear”) + semantic 衣 (“clothes”) — to cut and tear clothes. The phonetic 列 depicts bones being cut up with a blade and arranged in a line.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): liè, liě (lie$^4$, lie$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ, ㄌㄧㄝˇ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ле (li͡ə, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lit$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lie̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): liĕk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lia̍t / li̍h
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lih$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$liq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liè
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liè
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^4$
*** Yale: lyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liě
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liě
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^3$
*** Yale: lyě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liee
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ²¹⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ле (li͡ə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /liə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lit$^6$
*** Yale: liht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lie̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: lied
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯et̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: liĕk
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ieʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: lia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liat
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /liɛt̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: li̍h
*** Tâi-lô: li̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lih
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /liʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liʔ¹²¹/
* lia̍t - literary;
* li̍h - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: ljet
Rime :
| Character | 裂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (81) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 良辥切 |
| Baxter | ljet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /liat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /liɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /li̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lit$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]at/
    (Zhengzhang): /*red/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 裂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | liè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljet › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]at/ |
| English | to cut, split |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 裂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8129 |
| Phonetic component | 列 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*red/ |

#### Definitions

裂
* to crack; to break open
* to split
* to rend

##### Synonyms

* (to split): 繃／绷 (bèng)

#### Compounds

* 乾裂／干裂
* 五花繃裂／五花绷裂
* 五裂
* 人格分裂 (réngé fēnliè)
* 全裂葉／全裂叶
* 八花九裂
* 冰裂紋／冰裂纹
* 分茅裂土
* 分裂 (fēnliè)
* 分裂生殖
* 割裂 (gēliè)
* 呲牙裂嘴
* 四分五裂 (sìfēnwǔliè)
* 圮裂
* 地裂山崩
* 坼裂 (chèliè)
* 天崩地裂
* 寧漢分裂／宁汉分裂
* 尖裂葉／尖裂叶
* 山崩地裂 (shānbēngdìliè)
* 崩裂 (bēngliè)
* 心膽俱裂／心胆俱裂 (xīndǎnjùliè)
* 撕裂 (sīliè)
* 擘裂
* 斷裂／断裂 (duànliè)
* 有絲分裂／有丝分裂 (yǒusī fēnliè)
* 核分裂 (héfēnliè)
* 核子分裂
* 棚裂
* 決裂／决裂 (juéliè)
* 決裂索性／决裂索性
* 波開浪裂／波开浪裂
* 海沸山裂
* 減數分裂／减数分裂 (jiǎnshù fēnliè)
* 滅裂／灭裂 (mièliè)
* 炸裂 (zhàliè)
* 無絲分裂／无丝分裂 (wúsī fēnliè)
* 爆裂 (bàoliè)
* 皮開肉裂／皮开肉裂
* 皴裂 (cūnliè)
* 皸裂／皲裂 (jūnliè)
* 目眥盡裂／目眦尽裂
* 破裂 (pòliè)
* 破裂音 (pòlièyīn)
* 碎裂 (suìliè)
* 穿雲裂石／穿云裂石
* 細胞分裂／细胞分裂 (xìbāo fēnliè)
* 綻裂／绽裂
* 繃裂／绷裂
* 肝腸崩裂／肝肠崩裂
* 肛裂 (gāngliè)
* 脣裂／唇裂 (chúnliè)
* 膽裂／胆裂 (dǎnliè)
* 膽裂魂飛／胆裂魂飞
* 裂冠毀冕／裂冠毁冕
* 裂口 (lièkǒu)
* 裂土
* 裂土分茅
* 裂地
* 裂孔
* 裂帛
* 裂果
* 裂殖菌
* 裂片
* 裂片生殖
* 裂璺
* 裂痕 (lièhén)
* 裂眥／裂眦
* 裂眥嚼齒／裂眦嚼齿
* 裂眼
* 裂紋／裂纹 (lièwén)
* 裂縫／裂缝 (lièfèng)
* 裂膽／裂胆
* 裂致
* 裂裳裹膝
* 裂裳裹足
* 裂解 (lièjiě)
* 裂谷
* 裂開／裂开 (lièkāi)
* 裂隙 (lièxì)
* 褸裂／褛裂
* 討決裂／讨决裂
* 身廢名裂／身废名裂
* 身敗名裂／身败名裂 (shēnbàimíngliè)
* 車裂／车裂
* 迸裂 (bèngliè)
* 間裂／间裂
* 陰裂／阴裂 (yīnliè)
* 顎裂／颚裂 (èliè)
* 髮指眥裂／发指眦裂
* 鹵莽滅裂／卤莽灭裂 (lǔmǎngmièliè)
* 鼻破裂音
* 龜裂／龟裂 (jūnliè)

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): le̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: le̍h
*** Tâi-lô: le̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: leh
*** IPA (Xiamen): /leʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /leʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /leʔ¹²¹/

#### Definitions

裂
* (Hokkien) to break open revealing a crack
* (Hokkien) crack; gap; split; opening
* (Hokkien) Classifier for cut left by a knife.

##### Synonyms

* (crack):
* 坼坼 ($^7$tshaq-tshaq) (Wu)
* 必痕 (Hokkien)
* 必縫／必缝 (Hokkien)
* 必巡 (Hokkien)
* 空縫／空缝 (Hokkien)
* 空隙 (kòngxì)
* 縫／缝 (fèng)
* 縫仔／缝仔 (Hakka)
* 縫縫／缝缝 (fong$^4$ fong$^{4-1}$) (Sichuanese, Shanghainese)
* 縫縫兒／缝缝儿 (fong$^4$ fongr$^{4-1}$) (Sichuanese)
* 縫隙／缝隙 (fèngxì)
* 裂痕 (lièhén)
* 裂縫／裂缝 (lièfèng)
* 豁豁 ($^7$huaq-huaq) (Wu)

### References

* “裂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to break
* to tear

#### Readings

* Go-on: れち (rechi)
* Kan-on: れつ (retsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: さく (saku, 裂く, Jōyō)、さける (sakeru, 裂ける, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 陰裂(いんれつ) (inretsu, “pudendal cleft”)

## Korean
### Hanja

裂 (eumhun 찢을 렬 (jjijeul ryeol), word-initial (South Korea) 찢을 열 (jjijeul yeol))
* hanja form of 렬/열 (“split, crack, break open”)
* hanja form of 렬/열 (“rend”)

#### Compounds

* 음렬 (陰裂, eumnyeol, “pudendal cleft”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

裂: Hán Nôm readings: liệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.