# 抱

| 抱 | U+62B1, &#25265; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62B1 |
| ← 抰 [U+62B0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 抲 → [U+62B2] |
| 抱 | U+2F8B5, &#194741; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B5 |
| ← 扝 [U+2F8B4] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 拔 → [U+2F8B6] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 抱 |
| Simplified | 抱 |
| Traditional | 抱 |

### Han character

抱 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手心口山 (QPRU), four-corner 5701$_2$, composition ⿰扌包)
* embrace, hold in arms, enfold

#### Derived characters

* 𢛺, 菢, 𥮼, 𩃧, 𪾑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 423, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11917
* Dae Jaweon: page 771, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1856, character 4
* Unihan data for U+62B1
* Unihan data for U+2F8B5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 抱 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 袍 | *buː |
| 袌 | *buː, *buːs |
| 軳 | *buː |
| 抱 | *buːʔ |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 菢 | *buːs |
| 勹 | *pruː |
| 包 | *pruː |
| 胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
| 苞 | *pruː |
| 枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
| 飽 | *pruːʔ |
| 泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
| 炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
| 皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 咆 | *bruː |
| 庖 | *bruː |
| 匏 | *bruː |
| 刨 | *bruː |
| 狍 | *bruː |
| 炰 | *bruː |
| 鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
| 瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鮑 | *bruːʔ |
| 骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 玸 | *bu |
| 雹 | *bruːɡ |
| 窇 | *bruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *buːʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː) – hold in one’s hands. Note that 包 has the meaning of “wrap”, hence connotations of “wrap in one’s hands, embrace”, thereby also making it an ideogrammic compound.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bəw (“to carry (on back or shoulders)”). Cognate with 保 (OC *puːʔ, “to protect, rear”), Manipuri ꯄꯨ (poo, “to carry”), Mizo [Term?] (pu, “to carry (on the back / shoulders)”), Burmese ပိုး (pui:, “to carry on the back, add onto”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): bào (bao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bao$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pou$^5$ / bou$^6$ / paau$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): pau$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bô̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phǒ͘ / phō / phǒ / phǎu / phāu / pǎu / pāu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): po$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$bau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bào
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bào
*** Wade–Giles: pao$^4$
*** Yale: bàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baw
*** Palladius: бао (bao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: bao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bao
*** Sinological IPA : /pau²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pou$^5$ / bou$^6$ / paau$^1$
*** Yale: póuh / bouh / pāau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pou$^5$ / bou$^6$ / paau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pou$^5$ / bou$^6$ / pao$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou̯¹³/, /pou̯²²/, /pʰaːu̯⁵⁵/
* bou6 - equivalent to 菢;
* paau1 - equivalent to 拋.
* Middle Chinese: bawX
Rime :
| Character | 抱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 薄浩切 |
| Baxter | bawX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-p]ˤuʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*buːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 抱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ baw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[m-p]ˁuʔ/ |
| English | carry in the arms |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 抱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 268 |
| Phonetic component | 勹 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 抱 |
| Old Chinese | /*buːʔ/ |

### Definitions

抱
* to heft in the arms; to carry
* to hug; to embrace
* to incubate
* Classifier for things held or encircled with both arms (books, hay, firewood, trees, etc.).
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 擁, 摟 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 摟抱, 擁抱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 摟 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 摟, 抱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 擁抱, 抱 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 摟 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 摟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 抱, 摟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 箍, 摟 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 摟, 抱 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 摟, 抱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 攬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 攬 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 攬 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 攬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 攬, 箍 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 揇 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 揇 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 揇 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 揇 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 揇 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 揇 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 攬 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 摟 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 抱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 兜, 攬 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 攬 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 攬 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 搿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 搩 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 箍, 摟 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 傘, 箍 |

### Compounds

* 不抱幻想
* 偎抱 (wēibào)
* 初歸新抱落地孩兒／初归新抱落地孩儿
* 合抱 (hébào)
* 合抱之木，生於毫末／合抱之木，生于毫末
* 圍抱／围抱
* 平時不燒香，急來抱佛腳／平时不烧香，急来抱佛脚
* 平時不燒香，臨時抱佛腳／平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚 (píngshí bù shāoxiāng, línshí bào fójiǎo)
* 心抱
* 心抱仔
* 急來抱佛腳／急来抱佛脚
* 急時抱佛腳／急时抱佛脚
* 懷抱／怀抱 (huáibào)
* 懷抱兒／怀抱儿
* 打抱不平 (dǎbàobùpíng)
* 投懷送抱／投怀送抱 (tóuhuáisòngbào)
* 抱不平 (bào bùpíng)
* 抱佛腳／抱佛脚 (bào fójiǎo)
* 抱團兒／抱团儿
* 抱團兒思維／抱团儿思维
* 抱大腿 (bào dàtuǐ)
* 抱委屈 (bào wěiqū)
* 抱娃娃
* 抱定 (bàodìng)
* 抱屈 (bàoqū)
* 抱廈／抱厦 (bàoshà)
* 抱怨 (bàoyuàn)
* 抱怨 (bàoyuàn)
* 抱恙 (bàoyàng)
* 抱恨 (bàohèn)
* 抱恨終天／抱恨终天 (bàohènzhōngtiān)
* 抱愧 (bàokuì)
* 抱憾 (bàohàn)
* 抱成一團／抱成一团
* 抱打不平
* 抱抱 (bàobào)
* 抱抱團／抱抱团
* 抱抱裝／抱抱装
* 抱持 (bàochí)
* 抱拳 (bàoquán)
* 抱摔
* 抱有 (bàoyǒu)
* 抱有幻想
* 抱枕 (bàozhěn)
* 抱柱
* 抱歉 (bàoqiàn)
* 抱殘守缺／抱残守缺 (bàocánshǒuquē)
* 抱犢崮／抱犊崮
* 抱疚
* 抱病 (bàobìng)
* 抱病工作
* 抱窩／抱窝 (bàowō)
* 抱笙
* 抱粗腿 (bào cūtuǐ)
* 抱罪
* 抱腰
* 抱腳／抱脚
* 抱腳兒／抱脚儿
* 抱薪救火 (bàoxīn-jiùhuǒ)
* 抱蛋
* 抱負／抱负 (bàofù)
* 抱身兒／抱身儿 (bàoshēnr)
* 抱雞婆／抱鸡婆
* 抱頭／抱头 (bàotóu)
* 抱頭痛哭／抱头痛哭 (bàotóutòngkū)
* 抱頭鼠竄／抱头鼠窜 (bàotóu-shǔcuàn)
* 抱養／抱养 (bàoyǎng)
* 抱龍／抱龙 (Bàolóng)
* 拱抱
* 推襟送抱
* 摟抱／搂抱 (lǒubào)
* 撫抱／抚抱 (fǔbào)
* 擁抱／拥抱 (yōngbào)
* 攔腰抱住／拦腰抱住
* 新抱
* 水抱
* 琵琶別抱／琵琶别抱 (pípábiébào)
* 環抱／环抱 (huánbào)
* 萬分抱歉／万分抱歉
* 緊抱／紧抱
* 臨急抱佛腳／临急抱佛脚 (línjí bào fójiǎo)
* 臨時抱佛腳／临时抱佛脚 (línshí bào fójiǎo)
* 蜘蛛抱蛋
* 襟抱
* 防抱死系統／防抱死系统

#### References

* “Entry #3956”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 抱 |
| Kyūjitai | 抱󠄁 抱+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 抱󠄃 抱+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* To embrace
* To carry, hold or bear

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)
* Kun: いだく (idaku, 抱く, Jōyō)、かかえる (kakaeru, 抱える, Jōyō)、だく (daku, 抱く, Jōyō)
* Nanori: もち (mochi)

### References

* ↑ “抱”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

## Korean
### Hanja

抱 (eumhun 안을 포 (aneul po))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

抱: Hán Nôm readings: bão
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.