# zerofold
## English
### Etymology

From zero +‎ -fold.

### Adjective

zerofold (not comparable)
* Zero times as great; unchanged or remaining constant.
** 1979, N. A. Michael Eskin, “Sulfur Compounds: Biogenesis”, in Plant Pigments, Flavors and Textures: The Chemistry and Biochemistry of Selected Compounds, Academic Press, section II (Natural Flavor Compounds of Foods: Their Biogenesis and Effects on Quality), chapter section II (Alliums), page 52:The crosses indicate that no bitterness was detected at zerofold dilution (Schwimmer, 1968).
** 1979, Graham Palmer, “Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Hemoproteins”, in David Dolphin, editor, The Porphyrins: Physical Chemistry, Part B, volume IV, Academic Press, section VIII (Applications), page 341:Although paramagnetic, this species is unlikely to be detected by epr because of (1) zerofold splitting of the S = 2 ground state, which shifts allowed transitions to inaccessible magnetic fields and (2) unusually short spin-lattice relaxation times.
** 1994, Nuovo Cimento, page 702:With decreasing total efficiency there is an apparent decrease of the impact parameter range caused by the strong increase of the unobserved zerofold probability in correspondence of low-multiplicity peripheral events.
** 1995, The Journal of Immunology, page 5223:Quantitation of these results by densitometry revealed that JAK3 was demonstrably up-regulated following SAC and antiCD40 stimulation (fourfold increase relative to actin) while JAK1 and STAT3 levels remained constant (zerofold increase relative to actin).
** 2012, Eda Özden, Discrete Time Analysis of Consolidated Transport Processes, KIT Scientific Publishing, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 57:Likewise, we assume that zerofold convolutions of the distributions a, b, and y are Dirac distributed with a constant value of zero.
** 2015, Xijun Wang, Haitao Lv, Hui Sun, Aihua Zhang, Chinmedomics: The Integration of Serum Pharmacochemistry and Metabolomics to Elucidate the Scientific Value of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Academic Press, pages 199, 202, (Metabolic Profiling of Healthy Persons Treated with Liuweidihuang Wan) and 300 (Metabolic Biomarkers of Alcohol Liver Damage and the Intervention Effect of Yinchenhao Tang):The existence ratio of m/z 212.01 in the postdosed human urine samples at day 9 were approximately zerofold higher when compared to the predosed human urine samples, […] The existence ratio of m/z 664.3126 in the alcohol treated rats was approximately fivefold higher, when compared to that in the control group rats, and YCHT treated group at day 9, and the existence ratio of m/z 708.2932 in the alcohol treated rats was approximately zerofold higher when compared to that in the control, and YCHT treated group rats at day 9.
** 2016, Stefan Müller, “Phrase structure grammar”, in Grammatical theory: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches (Textbooks in Language Sciences; 1), Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, section 5 (X̅ theory), page 75:A special case is zerofold occurrence of complements.
** 2018, Naruya Saitou, “Evolutionary Distances”, in Introduction to Evolutionary Genomics (Computational Biology), 2nd edition, Springer Nature Switzerland AG, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, part III (Methods for Evolutionary Genomics), section 3 (Synonymous and Nonsynonymous Substitutions), subsection 1 (Estimations of Numbers of Synonymous and Nonsynonymous Sites), page 384:Li et al. [40] proposed a different classification for protein coding nucleotide sequences. They classified sites into fourfold, twofold, and zerofold degenerate (nondegenerate in their original terminology) classes. […] Many of the first-codon positions are also classified as zerofold degenerate sites, and exceptions are those for four Arg codons and four Leu codons, which are classified as twofold degenerate. The third positions of Met and Trp codons are also zerofold degenerate sites.
** 2020, Helena Domenica Pappalardo, Valeria Toscano, Giuseppe Diego Puglia, Claudia Genovese, Salvatore Antonino Raccuia, “Cynara cardunculus L. as a Multipurpose Crop for Plant Secondary Metabolites Production in Marginal Stressed Lands”, in Domenico De Martinis, Eugenio Benvenuto, Nicola Colonna, Briardo Llorente, Edward Rybicki, editors, Next Generation Agriculture: Understanding Plant Life for Food, Health and Energy (Frontiers in Plant Science), Frontiers Media, →DOI, →ISBN, page 156, column 2:In particular, after 2 weeks in the sylvestris roots, the expression increased linearly with the concentration of metal ranging from zerofold, threefold, and to fivefold at 0, 25, and 50 μM of Cd, respectively (Figure 7).