# 伸長
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shēncháng
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ ㄔㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): san$^1$ coeng$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûn-chhòng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhun-tn̂g
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēncháng
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ ㄔㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shencháng
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^1$-chʻang$^2$
*** Yale: shēn-cháng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shencharng
*** Palladius: шэньчан (šɛnʹčan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$伸長／伸长 深長／深长 身長／身长
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: san$^1$ coeng$^4$
*** Yale: sān chèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: san$^1$ tsoeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sen$^1$ cêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$伸長／伸长 身長／身长
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn-chhòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: cun$^ˊ$ cong$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cun$^1$ cong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-tn̂g
*** Tâi-lô: tshun-tn̂g
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhund'ngg
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tŋ̍²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³ tŋ̍²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tŋ̍¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tŋ̍²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tŋ̍²³/

### Verb

伸長
* to stretch; to extend
    伸長雙手／伸长双手 [Cantonese] ― san$^1$ coeng$^4$ soeng$^1$ sau$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to extend one's arms

#### Synonyms

* 延伸 (yánshēn)
* 延展 (yánzhǎn)
* 延長／延长 (yáncháng)
* 拉長／拉长 (lācháng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 伸 | 長 |
| しん Grade: S | ちょう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Alternative forms

* 伸暢

### Etymology

Middle Chinese 伸長

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんちょー [shìńchóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

### Noun

伸(しん)長(ちょう) • (shinchō)
* stretching, extension

#### Derived terms

* 伸長位(しんちょうい) (shinchōi, “a variation of the missionary position in which a man spreads himself over the woman”)

### Verb

伸(しん)長(ちょう)する • (shinchō suru) suru (stem 伸(しん)長(ちょう)し (shinchō shi), past 伸(しん)長(ちょう)した (shinchō shita))
* stretch, extend

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 伸長し | しんちょうし | shinchō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 伸長し | しんちょうし | shinchō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 伸長する | しんちょうする | shinchō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 伸長する | しんちょうする | shinchō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 伸長すれ | しんちょうすれ | shinchō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 伸長せよ¹ 伸長しろ² | しんちょうせよ¹ しんちょうしろ² | shinchō seyo¹ shinchō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 伸長される | しんちょうされる | shinchō sareru |
| Causative | 伸長させる 伸長さす | しんちょうさせる しんちょうさす | shinchō saseru shinchō sasu |
| Potential | 伸長できる | しんちょうできる | shinchō dekiru |
| Volitional | 伸長しよう | しんちょうしよう | shinchō shiyō |
| Negative | 伸長しない | しんちょうしない | shinchō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 伸長せず | しんちょうせず | shinchō sezu |
| Formal | 伸長します | しんちょうします | shinchō shimasu |
| Perfective | 伸長した | しんちょうした | shinchō shita |
| Conjunctive | 伸長して | しんちょうして | shinchō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 伸長すれば | しんちょうすれば | shinchō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN