# 愛情
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): àiqíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ ㄑㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): oi$^3$ cing$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): oi-chhìn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): oi$^4$ qin$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ái-cìng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ài-chêng / ài-chîng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ain$^3$ cêng$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$e-zhin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: àiqíng → àiqing (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ ㄑㄧㄥˊ → ㄞˋ ˙ㄑㄧㄥ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: àici̊ng
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^4$-chʻing$^5$
*** Yale: ài-ching
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay.chyng
*** Palladius: айцин (ajcin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/ → /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: oi$^3$ cing$^4$
*** Yale: oi chìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: oi$^3$ tsing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: oi$^3$ qing$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːi̯³³ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: oi-chhìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: oi qin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: oi$^4$ qin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /oi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰin¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: oi$^4$ qin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /oɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰin¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ái-cìng
*** Sinological IPA : /ai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒiŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ài-chêng
*** Tâi-lô: ài-tsîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aezeeng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɪŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ¹³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ài-chîng
*** Tâi-lô: ài-tsîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aeciing
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siŋ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siŋ²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ain$^3$ cêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: àiⁿ tshêng
*** Sinological IPA : /ãĩ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$e-zhin
*** MiniDict: e$^去$ zhin
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$e-xxin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /e³³ ʑin⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: 'ojH dzjeng
Rime :
| Character | 愛 | 情 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 烏代切 | 疾盈切 |
| Baxter | 'ojH | dzjeng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔʌi$^H$/ | /d͡ziᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəi$^H$/ | /d͡ziɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɒi$^H$/ | /d͡ziæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəj$^H$/ | /d͡ziajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔᴀi$^H$/ | /d͡ziɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɒi$^H$/ | /d͡zĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔɑ̆i$^H$/ | /d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ài | qíng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | oi$^3$ | cing$^4$ |

### Noun

愛情
* love (of a romantic nature) (Classifier: 場／场 m; 種／种 m)
    愛情故事／爱情故事 ― àiqíng gùshi ― love story
    愛情不分性別。／爱情不分性别。 ― Àiqíng bùfēn xìngbié. ― Love is love, regardless of gender.
       Tā yīzhí xiàngwǎng zhe chúnjié de àiqíng. [Pinyin]
       She has always yearned for pure love.
    From: 蕭玉芬, 毒藥
    Bêng-chai ài-chêng sī to̍k-io̍h, phian-phian chi̍t chhùi kā lim lo̍h; tán kah chîng hóe it-ti̍t sio, chhōe bô chí-thiàⁿ ê kái-io̍h. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    [I] clearly knew love is a poison, [but I] still drank it; by the time the fire of love was ceaselessly burning, [I still] could not find a painkilling antidote.

#### Synonyms

* 恩 (ēn)
* 恩愛／恩爱 (ēn'ài)
* 情愛／情爱 (qíng'ài)
* 愛／爱 (ài)
* 愛河／爱河 (àihé) (figurative)
* 戀情／恋情 (liànqíng)

#### Antonyms

* 憎恨 (zēnghèn)

#### Derived terms

* 愛情動作片／爱情动作片 (àiqíng dòngzuòpiàn)
* 愛情生活／爱情生活 (àiqíng shēnghuó)
* 柏拉圖式愛情／柏拉图式爱情 (Bólātú-shì àiqíng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 愛情(あいじょう) (aijō)
* → Korean: 애정(愛情) (aejeong)
* → Vietnamese: ái tình (愛情)

#### References

* “Entry #9452”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 愛 | 情 |
| あい Grade: 4 | じょう Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | goon |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あいじょー [àíjóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [a̠iʑo̞ː]

### Noun

愛(あい)情(じょう) • (aijō)
* love, affection
* attachment or attraction to a particular partner, erotic affection

#### Synonyms

* 愛(あい)着(ちゃく) (aichaku)

#### Antonyms

* 憎(ぞう)悪(お) (zōo, “hatred”)
* 憎(ぞう)恨(こん) (zōkon, “hatred”)
* 無(む)関(かん)心(しん) (mukanshin, “indifference”)

#### Related terms

* 友(ゆう)情(じょう) (yūjō): friendship

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 愛 | 情 |

### Noun

愛情 • (aejeong) (hangeul 애정)
* hanja form of 애정 (“love; affection”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 愛 | 情 |

### Noun

愛情
* chữ Hán form of ái tình (“love”).