# 杆

| 杆 | U+6746, &#26438; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6746 |
| ← 杅 [U+6745] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 杇 → [U+6747] |

## Translingual
### Han character

杆 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木一十 (DMJ), four-corner 4194$_0$, composition ⿰木干)

#### Derived characters

* 𤉀

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14449
* Dae Jaweon: page 894, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1156, character 12
* Unihan data for U+6746

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːns) : semantic 木 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gàn (gan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gàn
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^4$
*** Yale: gàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gann
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: kanH
Rime :
| Character | 杆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古案切 |
| Baxter | kanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gon$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 杆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3588 |
| Phonetic component | 干 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 旰 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːns/ |
| Notes | 見爾雅 |

#### Definitions

杆
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “←→幹?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gān (gan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gon$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kan / koaⁿ / koaiⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gan
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^1$
*** Yale: gān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gon$^1$
*** Yale: gōn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gon$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gon$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kan
*** Tâi-lô: kan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kafn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kan³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kuann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvoaf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuã³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuã⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koaiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kuainn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvoay
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuãi⁴⁴/
* kan - literary;
* koaⁿ - vernacular.

#### Definitions

杆
* pole; staff; rod (Classifier: 根 m)
    旗杆 ― qígān ― flag pole
    桅杆 ― wéigān ― mast

##### Synonyms

* 杆子 (gānzi)

#### Compounds

* 埋杆豎柱
* 拉杆 (lāgān)
* 揮杆
* 旗杆 (qígān)
* 旗杆灣 (Qígānwān)
* 木杆
* 杆圈兒
* 杆子 (gānzi)
* 杆子頭
* 杆影
* 桅杆 (wéigān)
* 標杆 (biāogān)
* 欄杆 (lángān)
* 球杆
* 白蠟杆子
* 砧杆
* 鐵欄杆／铁栏杆
* 電杆 (diàngān)
* 電線杆／电线杆 (diànxiàngān)
* 馬杆

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 杆 – see 桿 (“pole; stick; club; rod; lever; handle; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 桿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 杆 – see 稈 (“stalk; straw”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 稈).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 杆 – see 竿 (“bamboo pole; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 竿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* shield
* pole

#### Readings

* Go-on: かん (kan)
* Kan-on: かん (kan)
* Kun: てこ (teko, 杆)

## Korean
### Hanja

杆 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
* pole
* shaft of spear

## Tày
### Noun

杆 (cản, cẳn, càn)
* Nôm form of cản (“handle”).
    爱摻杆祚否都𥥉Ái tam cản tọ bấu to rù(please add an English translation of this usage example)
* Nôm form of cản (“large leaf”).
    曲乃了眉桧杆𨱾Khúc nẩy lểu mì cuổi cản rìThis part already has long leaves
* Nôm form of cẳn (“tip of an incense”).
    卷𪫆香曾杆Quẻn mừa hương tằng cẳn(please add an English translation of this usage example)
* Nôm form of càn (“carrying pole”).
    󰝧把篰流杆Khỉn pá viẩu liu gànOnce reached the clump of bamboos, the carrying pole will be chiselled

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội