# 恀

| 恀 | U+6040, &#24640; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6040 |
| ← 怿 [U+603F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 恁 → [U+6041] |

## Translingual
### Han character

恀 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心弓戈弓 (PNIN), four-corner 9702$_7$, composition ⿰忄多)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 383, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10514
* Dae Jaweon: page 713, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2298, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6040

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 多 | *ʔl'aːl |
| 哆 | *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs |
| 跢 | *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds |
| 痑 | *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn |
| 爹 | *daːʔ, *tjaː |
| 陊 | *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ |
| 橠 | *naːlʔ |
| 袲 | *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 奓 | *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls |
| 栘 | *ɦljeːl, *lal |
| 黟 | *ʔleːl, *ʔlil |
| 趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
| 誃 | *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 簃 | *l'al, *lal |
| 眵 | *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal |
| 恀 | *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ |
| 侈 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 姼 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ |
| 鉹 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 垑 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 袳 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 卶 | *l̥ʰjals, *hljals |
| 宜 | *ŋral |
| 誼 | *ŋrals |
| 竩 | *ŋrals |
| 移 | *lal |
| 迻 | *lal |
| 扅 | *lal |
| 拸 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 熪 | *lal |
| 謻 | *lal |
| 蛥 | *ɢljad |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì, chǐ (shi$^4$, chi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ, ㄔˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ci$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻih$^3$
*** Yale: chř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
*** Palladius: чи (či)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ci$^2$
*** Yale: chí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsyeX, dzyeX, tsyheX
Rime :
| Character | 恀 | 恀 | 恀 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 常 (25) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) | 支 (11) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 諸氏切 | 承紙切 | 尺氏切 |
| Baxter | tsyeX | dzyeX | tsyheX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇ$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiᴇ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰiᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛ$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiɛ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰiɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjɛ$^X$/ | /d͡ʑjɛ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰjɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciə̆$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiə̆$^X$/ | /cʰiə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕie$^X$/ | /ʑie$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰie$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕǐe$^X$/ | /ʑǐe$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕie̯$^X$/ | /ʑie̯$^X$/ | /t͡ɕʰie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhǐ | shì | chǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^2$ | si$^6$ | ci$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔljalʔ/, /*l̥ʰjalʔ/, /*ɦljalʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 恀 | 恀 | 恀 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 2661 | 2670 | 2674 |
| Phonetic component | 多 | 多 | 多 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 紙 | 侈 | 是 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔljalʔ/ | /*l̥ʰjalʔ/ | /*ɦljalʔ/ |

### Definitions

恀
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi)、じ (ji)
* Kan-on: し (shi)
* Kun: たのむ (tanomu, 恀む)