# 唌

| 唌 | U+550C, &#21772; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-550C |
| ← 唋 [U+550B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 唍 → [U+550D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

唌 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口弓大一 (RNKM), four-corner 6203$_1$, composition ⿰口延)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 192, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3704
* Dae Jaweon: page 411, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 631, character 3
* Unihan data for U+550C
* International Encoded Han Character and Variants Database

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 唌 | *l'aːn |
| 誕 | *l'aːnʔ |
| 蜑 | *l'aːnʔ |
| 蛋 | *l'aːns |
| 硟 | *slan, *l̥ʰjans |
| 涎 | *ljan, *lans |
| 脠 | *l̥ʰan, *hljan |
| 梴 | *l̥ʰan |
| 鋋 | *ɦljan, *lan |
| 埏 | *hljan, *lan |
| 挻 | *hljan |
| 鯅 | *hljan |
| 延 | *lan, *lans |
| 筵 | *lan |
| 蜒 | *lan |
| 狿 | *lan, *lans |
| 郔 | *lan |
| 綖 | *lan |
| 莚 | *lan, *lans |

### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 唌 – see 誕 (“to be born; birth; birthday; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 誕).

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 唌 – see 涎 (“saliva; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 涎).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xián (xian$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jin$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xián
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sián
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^2$
*** Yale: syán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyan
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^4$
*** Yale: yìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: dan
Rime :
| Character | 唌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒干切 |
| Baxter | dan |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dan/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 唌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14242 |
| Phonetic component | 延 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 壇 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːn/ |

#### Definitions

唌
* speech with sighing

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yán (yan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jin$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yán
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yán
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^2$
*** Yale: yán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^4$
*** Yale: yìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn²¹/

#### Definitions

唌
* slander, calumny
* anxious appearance

### Etymology 5

Possibly from 涎 (OC *ljan).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siâⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Nan'an, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: siânn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sviaa
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siã¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Nan'an, Jinjiang, Taipei): /siã²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siã²³/

#### Verb

唌
* (Southern Min) to decoy; to allure; to attract
    Synonym: 引誘／引诱
       ēng bí kā ke-á siâⁿ--kòe-lâi [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       to allure the chickens with rice
** 2015, 許明傑 (lyrics and music), “唉呦我的媽”‎performed by 蔡秋鳳 [Kerris Tsai]:
       iōng sèng-kám ê "zhèngmèi" ti̍t-ti̍t kā gún siâⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       They [the people on television] keep on alluring me with sexy pretty girls

#### Usage notes

* The use of 唌, a phonetic loan character, is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education. Various other characters have been used by different dictionaries.

#### Compounds

* 唌人

### References

* “唌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #7012”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “眩”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎, volume 1 (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 627
* 楊允言 (Iûⁿ Ún-giân), 鄭良偉 (Tēⁿ Liông-úi) et al., editors (2002), “Query for 餳”, in Tw-Ch台文中文辭典 [Taiwanese–Mandarin Dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin).
* 周长楫 [Zhou, Changji], editor (2006), “饗”, in 闽南方言大词典 MINNAN FANGYAN DA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Southern Min dialects] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Fuzhou: 福建人民出版社 [Fujian People's Publishing House], →ISBN, page 521.
* ↑ Chen, You-Zhen (2016) “閩語「引誘」語源探討 [The Verb “Siã” (Allure) on Min Etymon]”, in 華醫學報 (in Urali), volume 44, pages 141–165

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せん (sen)、ぜん (zen)、たん (tan)、だん (dan)、えん (en)
* Kun: なげく (nageku, 唌く)

## Korean
### Hanja

唌 • (yeon, dan) (hangeul 연, 단, revised yeon, dan, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, tan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.