# 饞

| 饞 | U+995E, &#39262; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-995E |
| ← 饝 [U+995D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 饟 → [U+995F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

饞 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+17, 26 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓口戈 (OINRI), four-corner 8771$_3$, composition ⿰飠毚)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1427, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44479
* Dae Jaweon: page 1952, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4479, character 4
* Unihan data for U+995E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 纔 | *zlɯː, *zlɯːs, *sraːm |
| 讒 | *zrɯːm, *zraːms |
| 饞 | *zrɯːm |
| 毚 | *zrɯːm, *zraːm |
| 欃 | *zrɯːm, *zraːms |
| 攙 | *zrɯːm, *sʰraːm |
| 儳 | *zrɯːm, *zrɯːms, *sʰraːms |
| 酁 | *zrɯːm |
| 瀺 | *zrɯːmʔ |
| 嚵 | *sʰraːms, *zraːm, *zlamʔ |
| 巉 | *zraːm, *zraːmʔ |
| 劖 | *zraːm |
| 艬 | *zraːm, *zraːms |
| 鑱 | *zraːm, *zraːms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯːm) : semantic 飠 (“to eat; food”) + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chán (chan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caam$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): châm / chhâm
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chán
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chán
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^2$
*** Yale: chán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charn
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caam$^4$
*** Yale: chàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːm²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: châm
*** Tâi-lô: tsâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zaam
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sam¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /t͡sam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sam²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâm
*** Tâi-lô: tshâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhaam
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: dzream
Rime :
| Character | 饞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 士咸切 |
| Baxter | dzream |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠɛm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚæm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒɐm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐəɨm/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒɐm/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒɐm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zrɯːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 饞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1222 |
| Phonetic component | 毚 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 讒 |
| Old Chinese | /*zrɯːm/ |
| Notes | 見易林 |

#### Definitions

饞
* gluttonous; greedy
* lewd; lecherous

#### Compounds

* 偷饞抹嘴／偷馋抹嘴
* 口饞／口馋
* 嘴饞／嘴馋 (zuǐchán)
* 眼饞／眼馋 (yǎnchán)
* 眼饞肚飽／眼馋肚饱
* 解饞／解馋
* 貪饞／贪馋 (tānchán)
* 饕口饞舌／饕口馋舌
* 饞唾／馋唾
* 饞嘴／馋嘴 (chánzuǐ)
* 饞涎／馋涎
* 饞涎欲垂／馋涎欲垂
* 饞涎欲滴／馋涎欲滴 (chánxiányùdī)
* 饞獠／馋獠
* 饞癆／馋痨

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sâi
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sâi
*** Tâi-lô: sâi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: saai
*** IPA (Taipei): /sai²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sai²³/

#### Definitions

饞
* (Southern Min) gluttonous; ravenous

#### Compounds

* 枵饞／枵馋
* 饞食／馋食

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* gluttonous
* greedy
* lewd
* lecher

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、ぜん (zen)
* Kun: むさぼる (musaboru)

## Korean
### Hanja

饞 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)
* gluttonous
* greedy
* lewd
* lecherous

## Vietnamese
### Han character

饞: Hán Việt readings: sàm
饞: Nôm readings: thèm, thiểm
* Nôm form of thèm (“to want; to crave”).

#### References

* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* ↑ Hồ (1976).