# 談空說有
## Chinese

| | | to speak; to talk; to converseto speak; to talk; to converse; to chat; to discuss; surname | emptied; leisure; airemptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain | to speak; to say; persuade (politically) | to have; there is; there areto have; there is; there are; to exist; to be |
| trad. (談空說有) | trad. (談空說有) | 談 | 空 | 說 | 有 |
| simp. (谈空说有) | simp. (谈空说有) | 谈 | 空 | 说 | 有 |

### Etymology

From Su Shi's poem 《寄吳德仁兼簡陳季常》 ("Poem sent for Wu Deren and for Chen Jichang as well") (translation from Qiu, 2013):
* 龍丘居士亦可憐， 談空說有夜不眠， 忽聞河東獅子吼， 柱杖落手心茫然。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]龙丘居士亦可怜， 谈空说有夜不眠， 忽闻河东狮子吼， 柱杖落手心茫然。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]Lóngqiū jūshì yì kělián, Tán kōng shuō yǒu yè bùmián, Hū wén hédōng shīzǐ hǒu, Zhù zhàng luò shǒu xīn mángrán. [Pinyin]The lay practitioner of Dragon Hill is also pitiful, he stays up discoursing on emptiness and fullness all night long. Suddenly he hears a lion’s roar from east-of-the river, the cane drops from his hand, he is at a loss.
Originally meaning "to discuss non-existence and existence → to discuss Buddhist doctrines", it then underwent semantic pejoration to "gossip, idle talk, empty talk".

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tánkōngshuōyǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄕㄨㄛ ㄧㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taam$^4$ hung$^1$ syut$^3$ jau$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tánkōngshuōyǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄕㄨㄛ ㄧㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tánkongshuoyǒu
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$-kʻung$^1$-shuo$^1$-yu$^3$
*** Yale: tán-kūng-shwō-yǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarnkongshuoyeou
*** Palladius: танькуншою (tanʹkunšoju)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$ hung$^1$ syut$^3$ jau$^5$
*** Yale: tàahm hūng syut yáuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$ hung$^1$ syt$^8$ jau$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$ hung$^1$ xud$^3$ yeo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹ hʊŋ⁵⁵ syːt̚³ jɐu̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: dam khuwng sywet hjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 談 | 空 | 說 | 有 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 溪 (29) | 書 (26) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 東 (1) | 薛 (82) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | III | III |
| Fanqie | 徒甘切 | 苦紅切 | 失爇切 | 云久切 |
| Baxter | dam | khuwng | sywet | hjuwX |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕiuᴇt̚/ | /ɦɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕʷiɛt̚/ | /ɦiu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕjuæt̚/ | /ɣiəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dam/ | /kʰəwŋ/ | /ɕwiat̚/ | /ɦuw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕiuɛt̚/ | /ɣiu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕĭuɛt̚/ | /ɣĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑm/ | /kʰuŋ/ | /ɕi̯wɛt̚/ | /i̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán | kōng | shuo | yǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ | hung$^1$ | syut$^3$ | jau$^5$ |

### Idiom

談空說有
* gossip, idle talk, empty talk

### References

* ↑ Qiu, Yanting (2013) Plot Evolution and Character Transformation in Shihou ji (The Lioness’s Roar) On the Traditional Kunqu Stage (MA)‎, University of British Columbia, page 15