# 擣

| 擣 | U+64E3, &#25827; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64E3 |
| ← 擢 [U+64E2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 擤 → [U+64E4] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 擣 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𢭏 |
| Simplified | 捣 |

### Han character

擣 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 手土弓戈 (QGNI), four-corner 5404$_1$, composition ⿰扌壽)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 459, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12853
* Dae Jaweon: page 808, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1973, character 13
* Unihan data for U+64E3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 禱 | *tuːʔ, *tuːs |
| 擣 | *tuːʔ |
| 檮 | *tuːʔ, *duː, *du |
| 壔 | *tuːʔ |
| 懤 | *tuːʔ, *du, *dus |
| 濤 | *duː, *duː |
| 燾 | *duː, *duːs |
| 翿 | *duː, *duːs |
| 幬 | *duːs, *du |
| 儔 | *duːs, *du |
| 譸 | *tu |
| 籌 | *du |
| 疇 | *du |
| 躊 | *du |
| 燽 | *du |
| 薵 | *du |
| 魗 | *tʰjuʔ, *dju |
| 醻 | *dju |
| 壽 | *djuʔ, *djus |
| 璹 | *djuʔ, *djuɡ |
| 鑄 | *tjos |

### Etymology

Perhaps cognate with Burmese ထု (htu., “to strike, to pound”). See also 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”) for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǎo (dao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^3$
*** Yale: dǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
*** Palladius: дао (dao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^2$
*** Yale: dóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tawX
Rime :
| Character | 擣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 都晧切 |
| Baxter | tawX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /taw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dou$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤuʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tuːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 擣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dǎo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ taw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁuʔ/ |
| English | pound (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 擣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11679 |
| Phonetic component | 壽 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 倒 |
| Old Chinese | /*tuːʔ/ |

### Definitions

擣
* to pound with a pestle; to smash; to beat with a stick
* to strike; to attack

### Compounds

* 憂心如擣／忧心如捣
* 批亢擣虛／批亢捣虚
* 擣包／捣包
* 擣虛／捣虚
* 擣虛撇抗／捣虚撇抗
* 擣衣／捣衣
* 白兔擣藥／白兔捣药

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𢭏 |
| Kyūjitai | 擣 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𢭏)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: とう (tō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kan’yō-on: ちゅう (chū)
* Kun: つく (tsuku, 擣く)、うつ (utsu, 擣つ)、ふれる (fureru, 擣れる)

## Korean
### Hanja

擣 (eum 도 (do))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

擣: Hán Nôm readings: đảo
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation