# 癉

| 癉 | U+7649, &#30281; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7649 |
| ← 癈 [U+7648] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 癊 → [U+764A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

癉 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 大口口十 (KRRJ), four-corner 0014$_6$, composition ⿸疒單)
* disease caused by overwork

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 780, character 41
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22521
* Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2697, character 3
* Unihan data for U+7649

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 癉
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 嚲 | *taːlʔ |
| 癉 | *taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn |
| 奲 | *taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ |
| 驒 | *daːl, *daːn, *teːn |
| 鼉 | *daːl |
| 磾 | *teːl |
| 鷤 | *deːl, *deːls, *daːn |
| 觶 | *tjal, *tjals |
| 單 | *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans |
| 鄲 | *taːn |
| 殫 | *taːn |
| 簞 | *taːn |
| 匰 | *taːn |
| 襌 | *taːn |
| 彈 | *daːn, *daːns |
| 貚 | *daːn, *deːn |
| 撣 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ |
| 潬 | *daːnʔ |
| 僤 | *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan |
| 憚 | *daːns |
| 樿 | *tjanʔ |
| 燀 | *tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ |
| 戰 | *tjans |
| 闡 | *tʰjanʔ |
| 繟 | *tʰjanʔ |
| 幝 | *tʰjanʔ |
| 嘽 | *tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ |
| 灛 | *tʰjanʔ |
| 蟬 | *djan |
| 禪 | *djan, *djans |
| 嬋 | *djan |
| 墠 | *djanʔ |
| 鱓 | *djanʔ |
| 蕇 | *teːnʔ |

### Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar, cognate with Tibetan ལྡར་བ་ (ldar ba, “weary, tired, faint”) and Chepang द्याह्र्‌सा (dyarh-ma, “discomfit, sudden pain”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàn (dan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daan$^1$ / taan$^1$ / daan$^3$ / do$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^4$
*** Yale: dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daan$^1$ / taan$^1$ / daan$^3$ / do$^3$
*** Yale: dāan / tāan / daan / do
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daan$^1$ / taan$^1$ / daan$^3$ / do$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dan$^1$ / tan$^1$ / dan$^3$ / do$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːn⁵⁵/, /tʰaːn⁵⁵/, /taːn³³/, /tɔː³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tan
*** Tâi-lô: tan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dafn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tan³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tan⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tan, dan, taX, taH
Rime :
| Character | 癉 | 癉 | 癉 | 癉 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) | 定 (7) | 端 (5) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 寒 (61) | 歌 (94) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 都寒切 | 徒干切 | 丁可切 | 丁佐切 |
| Baxter | tan | dan | taX | taH |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tɑn/ | /dɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tɑn/ | /dɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɑn/ | /dɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tan/ | /dan/ | /ta$^X$/ | /ta$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tɑn/ | /dɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tɑn/ | /dɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tɑn/ | /dʱɑn/ | /tɑ$^X$/ | /tɑ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dān | tán | duǒ | duò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | daan$^1$ | taan$^4$ | do$^2$ | do$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤanʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*taːlʔ/, /*taːls/, /*taːn/, /*daːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 癉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tan$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁanʔ/ |
| English | illness; toil |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 癉 | 癉 | 癉 | 癉 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 1984 | 1986 | 1999 | 2006 |
| Phonetic component | 單 | 單 | 單 | 單 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嚲 | 跢 | 單 | 壇 |
| Old Chinese | /*taːlʔ/ | /*taːls/ | /*taːn/ | /*daːn/ |

### Definitions

癉
* disease, suffering, distress

#### Compounds

* 彰善癉惡／彰善瘅恶
* 火癉／火瘅
* 癉惡彰善／瘅恶彰善
* 癉暑／瘅暑
* 癉瘧／瘅疟
* 脾癉／脾瘅

### References

* “癉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): たん (tan)、た (ta)
* Kun: やす (yasu)

## Korean
### Hanja

癉 (eum 단 (dan))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

癉: Hán Nôm readings: đản, đẫn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.