# 鎮魂
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 鎮 | 魂 |
| ちん Grade: S | こん Grade: S |
| on'yomi | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 鎭魂 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 鎮魂 (MC trinH hwon, literally “to calm, to pacify + soul, spirit”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちんこん [chìńkóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡ɕĩŋkõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

鎮(ちん)魂(こん) • (chinkon)
* consolation and pacification of the souls of the dead

#### Verb

鎮(ちん)魂(こん)する • (chinkon suru) suru (stem 鎮(ちん)魂(こん)し (chinkon shi), past 鎮(ちん)魂(こん)した (chinkon shita))
* to console and pacify the souls of the dead

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 鎮魂し | ちんこんし | chinkon shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 鎮魂し | ちんこんし | chinkon shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 鎮魂する | ちんこんする | chinkon suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 鎮魂する | ちんこんする | chinkon suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 鎮魂すれ | ちんこんすれ | chinkon sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 鎮魂せよ¹ 鎮魂しろ² | ちんこんせよ¹ ちんこんしろ² | chinkon seyo¹ chinkon shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 鎮魂される | ちんこんされる | chinkon sareru |
| Causative | 鎮魂させる 鎮魂さす | ちんこんさせる ちんこんさす | chinkon saseru chinkon sasu |
| Potential | 鎮魂できる | ちんこんできる | chinkon dekiru |
| Volitional | 鎮魂しよう | ちんこんしよう | chinkon shiyō |
| Negative | 鎮魂しない | ちんこんしない | chinkon shinai |
| Negative continuative | 鎮魂せず | ちんこんせず | chinkon sezu |
| Formal | 鎮魂します | ちんこんします | chinkon shimasu |
| Perfective | 鎮魂した | ちんこんした | chinkon shita |
| Conjunctive | 鎮魂して | ちんこんして | chinkon shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 鎮魂すれば | ちんこんすれば | chinkon sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Derived terms

* 鎮魂歌(ちんこんか) (chinkonka)
* 鎮魂曲(ちんこんきょく) (chinkonkyoku)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 鎮 | 魂 |
| たましずめ ||
| Grade: S | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spelling
* 鎭魂 (kyūjitai)
Compound of 魂 (tama, “soul”) +‎ 鎮め (shizume, “calming, pacifying, appeasing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鎮(しず)める (shizumeru, “to calm, to pacify, to appease”).).
The spelling is from Middle Chinese, from the chinkon reading above.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たましずめ [tàmáshíꜜzùmè] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [ta̠ma̠ɕizɨme̞]

#### Noun

鎮魂(たましずめ) • (tamashizume)
* consolation and pacification of the souls of the dead
* (Shinto) short for 鎮魂の祭 (tamashizume no matsuri, “festival for the pacification of the souls of the dead”) or 鎮魂の式 (tamashizume no shiki, “ritual for the pacification of the souls of the dead”): a mass

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 鎮 | 魂 |
| みたましずめ ||
| Grade: S | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spelling
* 鎭魂 (kyūjitai)
Compound of 御霊 (mitama, “soul”) +‎ 鎮め (shizume, “calming, pacifying, appeasing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鎮(しず)める (shizumeru, “to calm, to pacify, to appease”).).
The spelling is from Middle Chinese, from the chinkon reading above.
This reading with the mi- prefix appears to be less common than tamashizume above.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mʲita̠ma̠ɕizɨme̞]

#### Noun

鎮魂(みたましずめ) • (mitamashizume)
* (Shinto, archaic) (see tamashizume above)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN