# 劬

| 劬 | U+52AC, &#21164; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52AC |
| ← 劫 [U+52AB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 劭 → [U+52AD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

劬 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 心口大尸 (PRKS), four-corner 2462$_7$, composition ⿰句力)
* be diligent, toil, endeavor

#### Derived characters

* 𦮿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 147, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2317
* Dae Jaweon: page 331, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 368, character 12
* Unihan data for U+52AC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qú (qu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): keoi$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qú
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyú
*** Wade–Giles: chʻü$^2$
*** Yale: chyú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyu
*** Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: keoi$^4$
*** Yale: kèuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: koey$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kêu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɵy̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: gju
Rime :
| Character | 劬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 其俱切 |
| Baxter | gju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡio/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | keoi$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡo/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 劬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gju › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)o/ |
| English | toil |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 劬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7109 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 衢 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡo/ |

### Definitions

劬
* Only used in 勤劬 (qínqú).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): く (ku)
* Kun: つかれる (tsukareru)

## Korean
### Hanja

劬 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

劬: Hán Nôm readings: cù
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.