# ⲓⲗⲓ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (eire) — Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan
* ⲓⲣⲉ (ire) — Lycopolitan
* ⲓⲣⲓ (iri) — Bohairic

### Verb

ⲓⲗⲓ • (ili)
* (Fayyumic) to make
* (Fayyumic) to do

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲓⲗⲓ ili | imperative | affirmative | ⲓⲗⲓ ili |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲓⲗⲓ štemili | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲓⲗⲓ, ⲡⲉⲗⲓⲗⲓ mpelili, pelili |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲓⲗⲓ tiili | ⲕⲓⲗⲓ kili | ⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ teili | ϥⲓⲗⲓ fili | ⲥⲓⲗⲓ sili | ⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ tenili | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ tetenili | ⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ seili | ⲓⲗⲓ ili |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ eiili | ⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ ekili | ⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleili | ⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ efili | ⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ esili | ⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ enili | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ eletenili | ⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ euili | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ele- ili |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲓⲗⲓ etiili | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ etekili | ⲉⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ eteili | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ etefili | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ etesili | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etetenili | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ etouili | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ete- ili, etele- ili |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ naiili | ⲛⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ nakili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ naleili | ⲛⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ nafili | ⲛⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ nasili | ⲛⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ nanili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ naletenili | ⲛⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ nauili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nale- ili |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aiili | ⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ akili | ⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleili | ⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ afili | ⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ asili | ⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anili | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ aletenili | ⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ auili | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ale- ili |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ tineili | ⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ kneili | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ teneili | ϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ fneili | ⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ sneili | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ tenneili | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ tetenneili | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ seneili | ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ neili |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eineili | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ekneili | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleneili | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ efneili | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ esneili | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ enneili | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eletenneili | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ euneili | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ele- neili |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etineili | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etekneili | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eteneili | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etefneili | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etesneili | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etenneili | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etetenneili | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etouneili | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ etele- neili |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naineili | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nakneili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naleneili | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nafneili | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nasneili | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nanneili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ naletenneili | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nauneili | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nale- neili |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aineili | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ akneili | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleneili | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ afneili | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ asneili | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ anneili | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ aletenneili | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ auneili | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ ale- neili |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aiili | ⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ akili | ⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleili | ⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ afili | ⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ asili | ⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anili | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ atetenili | ⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ auili | ⲁ- ⲓⲗⲓ a- ili |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲓⲗⲓ mpiili | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mpekili | ⲙⲡⲉⲓⲗⲓ mpeili | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpefili | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpesili | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpenili | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpetenili | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpouili | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ mpe- ili |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ eaiili | ⲉⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ eakili | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ ealeili | ⲉⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ eafili | ⲉⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ easili | ⲉⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ eanili | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ eatetenili | ⲉⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ eauili | ⲉⲁ- ⲓⲗⲓ ea- ili |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓⲗⲓ empiili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ empekili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓⲗⲓ empeili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ empefili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ empesili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ empenili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ empetenili | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ empouili | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ empe- ili |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ ntaiili | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ ntakili | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ ntaleili | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ ntafili | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ ntasili | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntanili | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etaletenili | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ ntauili | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲓⲗⲓ nta- ili |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓⲗⲓ etempiili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ etempekili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓⲗⲓ etempeili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ etempefili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ etempesili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etempenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etempetenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ etempouili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ etempe- ili |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ nneaiili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ nneakili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nnealeili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ nneafili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ nneasili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ nneanili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nneatetenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ nneauili | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲓⲗⲓ nnea- ili |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲓⲗⲓ nnempiili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnempekili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲓⲗⲓ nnempeili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nnempefili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnempesili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnempenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnempetenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnempouili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nnempe- ili |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aaiili | ⲁⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ aakili | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aaleili | ⲁⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ aafili | ⲁⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ aasili | ⲁⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ aanili | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etaletenili | ⲁⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ aauili | ⲁⲁ- ⲓⲗⲓ aa- ili |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲓⲗⲓ mpatiili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mpatekili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ mpateili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpatefili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpatesili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpatenili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpatetenili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpatouili | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ mpate- ili |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓⲗⲓ empatiili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ empatekili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ empateili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ empatefili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ empatesili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ empatenili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ empatetenili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ empatouili | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ empate- ili |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓⲗⲓ etempatiili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ etempatekili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ etempateili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ etempatefili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ etempatesili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etempatenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etempatetenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ etempatouili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ etempate- ili |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲓⲗⲓ nnempatiili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnempatekili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ nnempateili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nnempatefili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnempatesili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnempatenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnempatetenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnempatouili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nnempate- ili |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ šaiili | ϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ šakili | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ šaleili | ϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ šafili | ϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ šasili | ϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ šanili | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šatetenili | ϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ šauili | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ šale- ili |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ meiili | ⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ mekili | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ meleili | ⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mefili | ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mesili | ⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ menili | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ meletenili | ⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ meuili | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ mele- ili |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ ešaiili | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ ešakili | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ ešaleili | ⲉϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ ešafili | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ ešasili | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ ešanili | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ešatetenili | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ ešauili | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ešale- ili |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ emeiili | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ emekili | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ emeleili | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ emefili | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ emesili | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ emenili | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ emeletenili | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ emeuili | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ emele- ili |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ etešaiili, nšaiili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ etešakili, nšakili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ etešaleili, nšaleili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ etešafili, nšafili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ etešasili, nšasili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ etešanili, nšanili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etešatetenili, nšatetenili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ etešauili, nšauili | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ etešale- ili, nšale- ili |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ etemeiili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ etemekili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ etemeleili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ etemefili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ etemesili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etemenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ etemeletenili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ etemeuili | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ etemele- ili |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ nnešaiili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnešakili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nnešaleili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ nnešafili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnešasili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnešanili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnešatetenili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnešauili | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nnešale- ili |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ nnemeiili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnemekili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nnemeleili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nnemefili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnemesili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnemenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnemeletenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnemeuili | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nnemele- ili |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲓⲗⲓ nmeiili | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nmekili | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nmeleili | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nmefili | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nmesili | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nmenili | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nmeletenili | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ nmeuili | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nmele- ili |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲓⲗⲓ eieili | ⲉⲕⲉⲓⲗⲓ ekeili | ⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleili | ⲉϥⲉⲓⲗⲓ efeili | ⲉⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ eseili | ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eneili | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ eleteneili | ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲗⲓ eueili | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ele- ili |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲓⲗⲓ nnaili | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ nnekili | ⲛⲛⲉⲓⲗⲓ nneili | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ nnefili | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ nnesili | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnenili | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nnetenili | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ nnouili | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nne- ili |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ maliili | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ malefili | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ malesili | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ malenili | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ malouili | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ male- ili |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲓⲗⲓ mpeltriili | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrefili | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ mpeltresili | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ mpeltrenili | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲓⲗⲓ mpeltreuili | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ mpeltre- ili |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲗⲓ taili, ntaili | ⲛⲕⲓⲗⲓ nkili | ⲛⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ nteili | ⲛϥⲓⲗⲓ nfili | ⲛⲥⲓⲗⲓ nsili | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntenili | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntetenili | ⲛⲥⲉⲓⲗⲓ nseili | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ nte- ili |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ taliili, ntaliili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ talekili, ntalekili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ taleili, ntaleili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ talefili, ntalefili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ talesili, ntalesili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ talenili, ntalenili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ taletenili, ntaletenili | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ talouili, ntalouili | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ tale- ili, ntale- ili |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲓⲗⲓ nteliili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ ntelekili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ nteleili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ ntelefili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ ntelesili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ ntelenili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ nteletenili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ ntelouili | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ntele- ili |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲓⲗⲓ šantiili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲓⲗⲓ šantekili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲓⲗⲓ šanteili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲓⲗⲓ šantefili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲓⲗⲓ šantesili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šantenili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ šantetenili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓⲗⲓ šantouili | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ šante- ili |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ eišanili | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ ekšanili | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ elešanili | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ efšanili | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ esšanili | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ enšanili | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ eletenšanili | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ eušanili | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲓⲗⲓ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲓⲗⲓ elešan- ili, elšan- ili |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲓⲗⲓ aiili | ⲁⲕⲓⲗⲓ akili | ⲁⲗⲉⲓⲗⲓ aleili | ⲁϥⲓⲗⲓ afili | ⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓ asili | ⲁⲛⲓⲗⲓ anili | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲗⲓ aletenili | ⲁⲩⲓⲗⲓ auili | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲓⲗⲓ ale- ili |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 48
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 83