# ἐξίστημι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἐξῐστάνω (existánō)
* ἐξῐστάω (existáō)

### Etymology

From ἐκ (ek) +‎ ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ek.sís.tɛː.mi/ → /ekˈsis.ti.mi/ → /ekˈsis.ti.mi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ek.sís.tɛː.mi/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ekˈsis.te̝.mi/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ekˈsis.ti.mi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ekˈsis.ti.mi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ekˈsis.ti.mi/

### Verb

ἐξῐ́στημῐ • (exístēmi)
* (transitive) to displace; to change
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Cic. 10:καὶ παντὸς εἶναι τοῦ τολμήσαντος ἐκστῆσαι τὴν πολιτείανkaì pantòs eînai toû tolmḗsantos ekstêsai tḕn politeíanand it was in the power of any bold man to overthrow the commonwealth
** (figuratively) to drive one out of their senses; to amaze, excite
*** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 850:πρῶτα δ’ ἔκστησον φρενῶνprôta d’ ékstēson phrenônFirst drive him out of his senses
*** 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 24:22:ἀλλὰ καὶ γυναῖκές τινες ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐξέστησαν ἡμᾶςallà kaì gunaîkés tines ex hēmôn exéstēsan hēmâsAlso, some women of our company amazed us
*** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 45.26
** to get rid of
* (intransitive)
** to be displaced, to make way; to stand aside from
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Sym. 4.31:καὶ ὁδῶν ἐξίστανται οἱ πλούσιοιkaì hodôn exístantai hoi ploúsioiand rich men stand aside for me on the street
*** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 928:ἀλλ’ ἐξ ἕδρας σοι πλόκαμος ἐξέστηχ’ ὅδεall’ ex hédras soi plókamos exéstēkh’ hódeBut this lock of hair is displaced
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.76:ἐνθαῦτα ἐκστάντες τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐδίδοσαν αὖτις σφίσι λόγουςenthaûta ekstántes tês hodoû edídosan aûtis sphísi lógousThen they argued there, standing beside the road
*** (with accusative) to shrink from, shun
**** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 82:φρονοῦντα γάρ νιν οὐκ ἂν ἐξέστην ὄκνῳphronoûnta gár nin ouk àn exéstēn óknōiI would not shrink from him in fear, if he were sane.
*** to go out of joint
**** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Aphorisms 6.59:ἐξίσταται τὸ ἰσχίον, καὶ πάλιν ἐμπίπτειexístatai tò iskhíon, kaì pálin empípteiif the hip-bone comes out of joint and returns to its socket
** (with genitive of object) to retire from, give up possession of
*** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 2.9:ἁλοὺς μὲν γὰρ τὴν γραφὴν τῆς μὲν οὐσίας ᾔδη ἐκστησόμενοςhaloùs mèn gàr tḕn graphḕn tês mèn ousías ḗidē ekstēsómenosIf I was convicted on the indictment, I knew that I should be stripped of my property
*** to abandon
**** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Accusation of Calumny 18:ἐγὼ τοίνυν ἑκὼν ὑμῖν ἐξίσταμαι τῆς φιλίαςegṑ toínun hekṑn humîn exístamai tês philíasI therefore willingly resign your friendship
**** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 907d:προαγορεύων ἐξίστασθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἀσεβέσι τρόπων τῶν αὑτῶνproagoreúōn exístasthai pâsi toîs asebési trópōn tôn hautônforewarning all the impious to quit their ways
*** to lose, give up
**** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 477:ἦ μοι κρεῖττον ἐκστῆναι τὸ παράπαν τοῦ πατρὸςê moi kreîtton ekstênai tò parápan toû patròsit would be better to give up my father completely
*** to lose one's wits; to be distraught, astonished
*** (absolutive) to change one's position or opinion
*** (language) to be removed from common usage
** to stand out, project

#### Usage notes

The present, imperfect, future, and first aorist active forms govern the transitive senses, while the middle voices, second aorist and active perfect and pluperfect forms govern the intransitive.

#### Derived terms

* ἀντεξῐ́στᾰμαι (antexístamai)
* πᾰρεξῐ́στημῐ (parexístēmi)
* προεξῐ́στᾰμαι (proexístamai)
* προσεξῐ́στημῐ (prosexístēmi)
* σῠνεξῐ́στᾰμαι (sunexístamai)
* ῠ̔πεξῐ́στημῐ (hupexístēmi)

#### Related terms

* ἔκστᾰσῐς (ékstasis)
* ἐκστᾰτῐκός (ekstatikós)

#### References

* “ἐξίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἐξίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ἐξίστημι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* G1839 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible