# 愀

| 愀 | U+6100, &#24832; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6100 |
| ← 惿 [U+60FF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 愁 → [U+6101] |

## Translingual
### Han character

愀 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心竹木火 (PHDF), four-corner 9908$_0$, composition ⿰忄秋)
* to change one's countenance
* be anxious
* to blush

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 393, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10884
* Dae Jaweon: page 729, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2329, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6100

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鍫 | *sʰew |
| 篍 | *sʰiw, *sʰiws, *sʰɯw |
| 愀 | *sʰiwʔ, *zɯwʔ |
| 湫 | *ʔsliwʔ, *ʔsɯw, *sʰɯw, *zɯwʔ |
| 揪 | *ʔsɯw |
| 揫 | *ʔsɯw |
| 啾 | *ʔsɯw |
| 鬏 | *ʔsɯw |
| 秋 | *sʰɯw |
| 鰍 | *sʰɯw |
| 楸 | *sʰɯw |
| 秌 | *sʰɯw |
| 鞦 | *sʰɯw |
| 鶖 | *sʰɯw |
| 萩 | *sʰɯw |
| 甃 | *ʔsrɯws |
| 醔 | *sʰrɯw |
| 愁 | *zrɯw |
| 僽 | *zrɯws |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiǎo (qiao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu$^2$ / cau$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎo
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^3$
*** Yale: chyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheau
*** Palladius: цяо (cjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ciu$^2$ / cau$^5$
*** Yale: chíu / cháuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu$^2$ / tsau$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qiu$^2$ / ceo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵/, /t͡sʰɐu̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: tshjewX, dzjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 愀 | 愀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 親小切 | 在九切 |
| Baxter | tshjewX | dzjuwX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiᴇu$^X$/ | /d͡zɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰiɛu$^X$/ | /d͡ziu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰjæu$^X$/ | /d͡ziəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰiaw$^X$/ | /d͡zuw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiɛu$^X$/ | /d͡ziu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭɛu$^X$/ | /d͡zĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯ɛu$^X$/ | /d͡zʱi̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiǎo | jiù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ciu$^2$ | zau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰiwʔ/, /*zɯwʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 愀 | 愀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10529 | 10547 |
| Phonetic component | 秋 | 秋 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 悄 | 湫 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰiwʔ/ | /*zɯwʔ/ |

### Definitions

愀
* to look solemn or sad
    Synonym: 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)

#### Compounds

* 愀然
* 愀然不樂／愀然不乐

### References

* “愀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゅ (ju)、しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しゅう (shū)、しょう (shō)
* Kun: うれえる (urēru)、さびしい (sabishī)

## Korean
### Hanja

愀 (eum 초 (cho))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

愀: Hán Nôm readings: xỉu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.