# лох
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫox]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ox

### Etymology 1

Recorded in Astrakhan and among Greben Cossacks. Discernably, a transferred meaning of Kalmyk лох (lox, “aloe vera”), which relates through the Kalmyk home in Dzungaria to Chinese 蘆薈／芦荟 (lúhuì, “aloe vera”), see it for more.

#### Noun

лох • (lox) m inan (genitive ло́ха, nominative plural ло́хи, genitive plural ло́хов)
* oleaster, silverberry (Elaeagnus)
    Synonyms: лохови́на (loxovína), лохо́вник (loxóvnik), джида́ (džidá)

##### Alternative forms

* лохъ (lox) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

##### Derived terms

* лохови́на (loxovína)
* лохо́вник (loxóvnik)
* лохо́вый (loxóvyj)

##### Descendants

* → Belarusian: лох (lox)
* →⇒ Czech: hlošina
* →⇒ Slovak: hlošina
* → Ukrainian: лох (lox)

#### Further reading

* Аннанеков, Н. (1878) “Elaeagnus”, in Ботанический словарь [Botanical Dictionary] (in Russian), revised and enlarged edition, Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 130b
* Горяев, Н. В. (1896) Сравнительный этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Тифлис: Типография канц. Главнонач. гр. ч. на Кавказе, page 238b, connects with олей (olej)
* Güldenstädt, Johann Anton (1791) P. S. Pallas, editor, Reisen durch Rußland und im Caucasischen Gebürge (in German), volume II, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 136
* Козловская, Н.В. (1958) Обзор видов рода Elaeagnus L. встречающихся на территории СССР (Флора и систематика высших растений. Труды БИН; 12.), Moscow · Leningrad: Издательство Академии Наук СССР, pages 84–131
* Pallas, Peter Simon (1776) Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des rußischen Reichs, volume III (overall work in German and Latin), St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 539
* Pallas, Peter Simon (1784) “Elaeagrus angustifolia”, in Flora Rossica (in Latin), volume I, part I, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 10
* Филин, Ф. П., editor (1981), “лох”, in Slovarʹ russkix narodnyx govorov [Dictionary of Russian Dialects] (in Russian), volume 17, Leningrad: Nauka, Leningrad branch, page 159
* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1989), “лох”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (Кора – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 294
* Shansky, N. M., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (1999), “лох”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), number 9 (Л), Moscow: Moscow University Press, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 177
* Sorokin, Yury S., editor (2000), “лох”, in Словарь русского языка XVIII века [Dictionary of the Russian Language 18th century] (in Russian), volume 11, Saint Petersburg: Nauka, page 234
* Vasmer, Max (1967) “лох”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress, page 524, unknown origin

### Etymology 2

From a Finnic language, compare Veps lohi, Finnish lohi, Estonian lõhe.

#### Noun

лох • (lox) m anim (genitive ло́ха, nominative plural ло́хи, genitive plural ло́хов)
* (regional) male Atlantic salmon
    Synonyms: сёмга (sjómga), лосо́сь (losósʹ)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

From Fenya criminal argot; possibly an alteration of лопу́х (lopúx).

#### Noun

лох • (lox) m anim (genitive ло́ха or лоха́, nominative plural ло́хи or лохи́, genitive plural ло́хов or лохо́в, diminutive лошо́к, augmentative лоша́ра or лоши́ще)
* (slang, derogatory) stiff, simpleton, dummy; bogan, chav, redneck
    Synonym: болван (bolvan)
* (slang, derogatory) loser
* (slang, derogatory, criminal slang, prison slang) sucker, mark, someone who is easy to swindle or con

##### Synonyms

* проста́к (prosták)
* ча́йник (čájnik), профа́н (profán)

##### Related terms

* Лоха́нск (Loxánsk)
* лохану́ться (loxanútʹsja)
* лохо́вка (loxóvka)
* лохоко́ст (loxokóst)
* лохо́л (loxól)
* лоша́рный (lošárnyj), лохо́вый (loxóvyj)

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: լոխ (lox)