# клепам
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈklɛpɐm]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Probably derived from Proto-Slavic *klepati (“to clap, to smack”) via semantic shift.

#### Verb

кле́пам • (klépam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective кле́пна) (obsolescent)
* (intransitive) to open and close some aperture repeatedly (e.g. of a brass instrument)
* (intransitive) to blink, to wink (with eyes)

##### Conjugation

$^1$Dialectally marked.

##### Derived terms

* кле́пвам (klépvam), кле́пкам (klépkam) (semelfactive)
* кле́пя (klépja) (causative-iterative)
* клептя́ (kleptjá, “to give a wink”) (dialectal)
* изкле́пам pf (izklépam), изкле́пвам impf (izklépvam)
* прекле́пам pf (preklépam), прекле́пвам impf (preklépvam)
* скля́пам impf (skljápam), скля́пна pf (skljápna) (dialectal)
* кле́пка (klépka), клепа́ч (klepáč, “eyelid”)

#### References

* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “клепам²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 435

### Etymology 2

Via a merger of Proto-Slavic *klepati (“to clap”) and *klępati (“to distort”).

#### Verb

кле́пам • (klépam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective кле́пна) (dialectal)
* (intransitive) to clang, to rap, to chime (to make noise by hitting something)
    Synonyms: хло́пам (hlópam), тра́кам (trákam)
* (transitive) to hew, to strike with a tool
    Synonyms: кова́ (ková), чу́кам (čúkam)
** (colloquial) to smith, to mold hot iron
** (figurative) to toil, to botch up some task
* (transitive, figurative) to stain, to spatter
    Synonyms: ца́пам (cápam), ма́цам (mácam)
** (colloquial) to scold, to rebuke, to malign
    Synonyms: хо́кам (hókam), ка́рам (káram), ху́ля (húlja), руга́я (rugája), нави́квам (navíkvam)
** (colloquial) to tell someone's secrets
    Synonyms: изда́вам (izdávam), по́ртя (pórtja)
** (colloquial) to badmouth, to stain one's reputation
    Synonyms: клеве́тя (klevétja), накле́пвам (naklépvam)

##### Conjugation

$^1$Dialectally marked.
$^1$Dialectally marked.

##### Alternative forms

* кле́пя (klépja, a/j-conjugation)

##### Derived terms

* кле́пвам (klépvam) (semelfactive)
* закле́пам pf (zaklépam), закле́пвам impf (zaklépvam)
* накле́пам pf (naklépam), накле́пвам impf (naklépvam)
* окле́пам pf (oklépam), окле́пвам impf (oklépvam)
* разкле́пам pf (razklépam), разкле́пвам impf (razklépvam) (dialectal)
* клепа́ло (klepálo, “bell”)

#### References

* “клепам¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “клепам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Nayden Gerov (1897) “кле́пѭ, -пахъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 369
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “клепам¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 435

### Etymology 3

Formally from an earlier *klěpati, an elongated grade of Etymology 2.

#### Verb

кле́пам • (klépam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective кле́пна) (dialectal)
* (intransitive) Alternative form of кля́пам (kljápam)
** to wade, to trample along a coarse terrain
** to trudge, to walk slowly, tiredly
    едва́ кле́пам ― edvá klépam ― to trudge with great effort

##### Conjugation

$^1$Dialectally marked.

#### References

* “клепам²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014