# pieci
## Latvian
### Etymology

From *piek- (whence ordinal piektais, q.v.), with k > c because of the following plural -i, extended to this previously undeclinable stem by analogy; from Proto-Baltic *penk-, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe (“five”), a word about which several theories have been proposed (old word for “thumb;” “hand (= five fingers together);” *pen-kʷe “and pen”, perhaps from kʷetwores pen-kʷe “four and pen (= 1, one?).” Cognates include Lithuanian penkì, Sudovian pank (< *penk-), Old Prussian penckts (“fifth”), Proto-Slavic *pętь (Russian пять (pjatʹ), Belarusian пяць (pjacʹ), Ukrainian п'ять (pʺjatʹ), Bulgarian пет (pet), Czech pět, Slovak päť, Polish pięć), Proto-Germanic *fimf (< *pempe; Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 (fimf), Old High German funf, finf, German fünf, Old English fīf, English five), Hittite paⁿta, Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan), Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Latin quinque (< *penkʷe), Tocharian A pëñ, Tocharian B piš.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [piɛ̯tsi]
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### Numeral

pieci
* five (the cipher, the cardinal number five)
    pieci un pieci ir desmit ― five plus five is ten
    no pieciem atņemt četrus ― to subtract four from five
* five (A, excellent, the best school grade; syn. piecnieks)
    saņemt matemātikā pieci ― to get an A (lit. five) in mathematics
* five (an amount equal to five)
    pieci litri ― five liters
    piecas glāzes ― five glasses
    izlasīt piecas grāmatas ― to read five books
    satikties ar pieciem cilvēkiem ― to meet with five people
    piecus gadus vecs bērns ― a five-year-old boy
* five o'clock (a moment in time; five hours after midnight, or after noon)
    pulkstenis ir pieci ― it is five o'clock
    trīs minūtes pirms pieciem ― three minutes to five
    lekcija beidzas piecos pēc pusdienas ― the lecture finished at five o'clock after lunch (= in the afternoon)

#### Coordinate terms

| | —0 | —1 | —2 | —3 | —4 | —5 | —6 | —7 | —8 | —9 |
| 0— | nulle | viens | divi | trīs | četri | pieci | seši | septiņi | astoņi | deviņi |
| 1— | desmit | vienpadsmit | divpadsmit | trīspadsmit | četrpadsmit | piecpadsmit | sešpadsmit | septiņpadsmit | astoņpadsmit | deviņpadsmit |
| 2— | divdesmit | divdesmit viens | divdesmit divi | divdesmit trīs | divdesmit četri | divdesmit pieci | divdesmit seši | divdesmit septiņi | divdesmit astoņi | divdesmit deviņi |
| 3— | trīsdesmit | trīsdesmit viens | trīsdesmit divi | trīsdesmit trīs | trīsdesmit četri | trīsdesmit pieci | trīsdesmit seši | trīsdesmit septiņi | trīsdesmit astoņi | trīsdesmit deviņi |
| 4— | četrdesmit | četrdesmit viens | četrdesmit divi | četrdesmit trīs | četrdesmit četri | četrdesmit pieci | četrdesmit seši | četrdesmit septiņi | četrdesmit astoņi | četrdesmit deviņi |
| 5— | piecdesmit | piecdesmit viens | piecdesmit divi | piecdesmit trīs | piecdesmit četri | piecdesmit pieci | piecdesmit seši | piecdesmit septiņi | piecdesmit astoņi | piecdesmit deviņi |
| 6— | sešdesmit | sešdesmit viens | sešdesmit divi | sešdesmit trīs | sešdesmit četri | sešdesmit pieci | sešdesmit seši | sešdesmit septiņi | sešdesmit astoņi | sešdesmit deviņi |
| 7— | septiņdesmit | septiņdesmit viens | septiņdesmit divi | septiņdesmit trīs | septiņdesmit četri | septiņdesmit pieci | septiņdesmit seši | septiņdesmit septiņi | septiņdesmit astoņi | septiņdesmit deviņi |
| 8— | astoņdesmit | astoņdesmit viens | astoņdesmit divi | astoņdesmit trīs | astoņdesmit četri | astoņdesmit pieci | astoņdesmit seši | astoņdesmit septiņi | astoņdesmit astoņi | astoņdesmit deviņi |
| 9— | deviņdesmit | deviņdesmit viens | deviņdesmit divi | deviņdesmit trīs | deviņdesmit četri | deviņdesmit pieci | deviņdesmit seši | deviņdesmit septiņi | deviņdesmit astoņi | deviņdesmit deviņi |

#### See also

* skaitlis

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “pieci”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN