# 薦

| 薦 | U+85A6, &#34214; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85A6 |
| ← 薥 [U+85A5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 薧 → [U+85A7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

薦 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿戈難火 (TIXF), four-corner 4422$_7$, composition ⿱艹廌)

#### Derived characters

* 瀳, 𥤆, 𧟆, 𦇩, 䍎, 𨰂, 韉, 𧂑, 𧲛, 𨷳

#### Related characters

* 鹿 (compare 𢊁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1062, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32143
* Dae Jaweon: page 1526, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3305, character 11
* Unihan data for U+85A6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 薦 :
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 瀳 | *ʔsɯːn, *zɯːns |
| 韉 | *ʔsɯːn |
| 薦 | *ʔseːns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and jiajie (假借) : 艸 (“grass”) + 廌 (“wild beast”) - "pasture". Later borrowed for sound to mean "recommend".

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiàn / chiān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^3$
*** Yale: jin
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàn
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciexn
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɛn¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiān
*** Tâi-lô: tsiān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cien
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn²²/
* Middle Chinese: tsenH
Rime :
| Character | 薦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 作甸切 |
| Baxter | tsenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sien$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sien$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tsˤə[r]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 薦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.tsˁə[r]-s/ |
| English | grass, fodder |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 薦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6253 |
| Phonetic component | 薦 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 薦 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔseːns/ |

### Definitions

薦
* to offer; to present
    From: around 1903, by 魯迅 [Lu Xun],《自題小像》
    Jì yì hán xīng quán bù chá, wǒ yǐ wǒ xuè jiàn Xuānyuán. [Pinyin]
    A cold star might convey men's will, but the Chinese people lacks judgment still；So I shall offer my blood up for Xuan Yuan，our progenitor.
* to recommend; to suggest; to endorse
    推薦／推荐 ― tuījiàn ― to recommend
* (literary) to sacrifice
* (literary) sacrifice; offering
* (alt. form 荐) fodder grass
* (alt. form 荐) straw mat
* (alt. form 荐) repeatedly
* (anatomy) Alternative name for 骶 (dǐ, “sacrum”).

### Compounds

* 保薦／保荐 (bǎojiàn)
* 寢薦／寝荐
* 引薦／引荐 (yǐnjiàn)
* 推薦／推荐 (tuījiàn)
* 推薦甄選／推荐甄选
* 榮膺鶚薦／荣膺鹗荐
* 殷薦
* 毛遂自薦／毛遂自荐 (máosuìzìjiàn)
* 潢潦可薦／潢潦可荐
* 眾口交薦／众口交荐
* 祁奚薦仇／祁奚荐仇
* 稱賢薦能／称贤荐能
* 稿薦／稿荐 (gǎojiàn)
* 自薦／自荐 (zìjiàn)
* 舉薦／举荐 (jǔjiàn)
* 舉薦征辟
* 薦任／荐任
* 薦寢席／荐寝席
* 薦席／荐席
* 薦度／荐度
* 薦引／荐引
* 薦拔／荐拔
* 薦擢／荐擢
* 薦新祭／荐新祭
* 薦書／荐书
* 薦枕／荐枕
* 薦枕席／荐枕席
* 薦紳／荐绅
* 薦臻／荐臻 (jiànzhēn)
* 薦舉／荐举 (jiànjǔ)
* 薦賢／荐贤
* 薦賢任能／荐贤任能
* 薦賢舉能／荐贤举能
* 薦酒／荐酒
* 薦酹／荐酹
* 薦頭／荐头
* 薦頭店／荐头店
* 薦骨／荐骨 (jiàngǔ)
* 表薦／表荐 (biǎojiàn)
* 追薦／追荐
* 章甫薦履／章甫荐履
* 饑饉薦臻／饥馑荐臻 (jījǐnjiànzhēn)
* 饗薦／飨荐
* 首薦／首荐
* 鶚薦／鹗荐

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* recommend, advise
* mat

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せん (sen, Jōyō)、しん (shin)
* Kun: すすめる (susumeru, 薦める, Jōyō)、くさよもぎ (kusayomogi)、こも (komo)

## Korean
### Hanja

薦 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

薦: Hán Nôm readings: tiến
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.