# trinken
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German trinken, from Old High German trinkan (attested since the 8th century), from Proto-West Germanic *drinkan.
Germanic cognates with identical meaning include Old Saxon drinkan (and Low German drinken), Old Dutch drinkan (and Dutch drinken, Afrikaans drink), Old English drincan (and Modern English drink), Old Frisian drinka (and West Frisian drinke), Old Norse drekka (and Icelandic drekka, Faroese drekka, Norwegian drikke, Swedish dricka, Danish drikke), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽 (drigkan) and Vandalic drincan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʁɪŋkən/, [ˈtʰʁ̥ɪŋʔŋ̩], [ˈtʰʁ̥ɪŋkŋ̩]
* IPA: /ˈtrɪŋkən/, [ˈtʰr̥ɪŋkən], [ˈtʰr̥ɪŋkŋ̩]
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪŋkən
* Hyphenation: trin‧ken

### Verb

trinken (class 3 strong, third-person singular present trinkt, past tense trank, past participle getrunken, past subjunctive tränke, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to drink (to drink liquids (in bottles, glasses, etc.) by mouth)
* (intransitive) to drink, to imbibe (to consume alcoholic beverages)
    Synonym: see Thesaurus:betrinken
* (intransitive) to drink; to toast (engage in a salutation (of someone), accompanying the raising of glasses while drinking alcohol)
* (reflexive) to drink one's fill; to drink to satiety

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* antrinken
* austrinken
* betrinken
* ertrinken
* Getränk n
* Trank m
* tränken
* Trinken n
* Trinker m
* Trinkgeld n
* Trinkglas
* Trinkwasser n
* Trunk m
* Wasser predigen und Wein trinken
* über den Durst trinken

### References

* ↑ Pfeifer, Wolfgang. 1995, 2005. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen. München: dtv. →ISBN.

### Further reading

* “trinken” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “trinken” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “trinken” in Duden online
* “trinken” in OpenThesaurus.de
* trinken on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$

## Middle High German
### Etymology

Inherited from Old High German trinkan. Cognate with English drink, Dutch drinken, Old Saxon drinkan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈtrinkən/

### Verb

trinken (class 3 strong, third-person singular present trinket, past tense trank, past participle getrunken, past subjunctive trünke, auxiliary hān)
* (transitive) to drink
    Er hât niht wol getrunken, der sich übertrinket. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (intransitive) to drink; to toast

#### Descendants

* Alemannic German: trinke
    Italian Walser: trenhu, trénge, tringhien, trinche
* Bavarian: trinkn, dringa
    Cimbrian: trinkhan, trinkan (Tredici Comuni)
    Mòcheno: trinken
    Udinese: trinkn, trinkhn, trinckn
* Central Franconian: drenke, dronke, drönke (Eifel), drinke (Kölsch), drinke
    Hunsrik: drinke
* German: trinken
* Luxembourgish: drénken
* Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: drinke
* Vilamovian: trynkja
* Yiddish: טרינקען (trinken)
* → Middle French: trinquer
** French: trinquer
* → Galician: trincar
* → Italian: trincare
* → Sicilian: ntrincari
* → Spanish: trincar
* → Venetian: trincar, trincàr

### References

* Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “trinken”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke‎, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

## Mòcheno
### Etymology

From Middle High German trinken, from Old High German trinkan, from Proto-West Germanic *drinkan, from Proto-Germanic *drinkaną (“to drink”). Cognate with German trinken, English drink.

### Verb

trinken
* to drink

### References

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien