# namatha
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀦𑀫𑀣 (Brahmi script)
* नमथ (Devanagari script)
* নমথ (Bengali script)
* නමථ (Sinhalese script)
* နမထ or ၼမထ (Burmese script)
* นมถ or นะมะถะ (Thai script)
* ᨶᨾᨳ (Tai Tham script)
* ນມຖ or ນະມະຖະ (Lao script)
* នមថ (Khmer script)
* 𑄚𑄟𑄗 (Chakma script)

### Verb

namatha
* second-person plural present/imperative active of namati (“to bend”)

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-namatha$^?$
* (transitive) to stick/adhere to
* (transitive) to pursue closely

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukunamatha |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukunamatha | ukunganamathi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | namatha | -namathe |
| Plural | namathani | -namatheni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyanamatha, nginamatha | enginamathayo, enginamatha | nginamatha | anginamathi | enginganamathi | nginganamathi |
| 2nd singular | uyanamatha, unamatha | onamathayo, onamatha | unamatha | awunamathi | onganamathi | unganamathi |
| 1st plural | siyanamatha, sinamatha | esinamathayo, esinamatha | sinamatha | asinamathi | esinganamathi | singanamathi |
| 2nd plural | niyanamatha, ninamatha | eninamathayo, eninamatha | ninamatha | aninamathi | eninganamathi | ninganamathi |
| Class 1 | uyanamatha, unamatha | onamathayo, onamatha | enamatha | akanamathi | onganamathi | enganamathi |
| Class 2 | bayanamatha, banamatha | abanamathayo, abanamatha | benamatha | abanamathi | abanganamathi | benganamathi |
| Class 3 | uyanamatha, unamatha | onamathayo, onamatha | unamatha | awunamathi | onganamathi | unganamathi |
| Class 4 | iyanamatha, inamatha | enamathayo, enamatha | inamatha | ayinamathi | enganamathi | inganamathi |
| Class 5 | liyanamatha, linamatha | elinamathayo, elinamatha | linamatha | alinamathi | elinganamathi | linganamathi |
| Class 6 | ayanamatha, anamatha | anamathayo, anamatha | enamatha | awanamathi | anganamathi | enganamathi |
| Class 7 | siyanamatha, sinamatha | esinamathayo, esinamatha | sinamatha | asinamathi | esinganamathi | singanamathi |
| Class 8 | ziyanamatha, zinamatha | ezinamathayo, ezinamatha | zinamatha | azinamathi | ezinganamathi | zinganamathi |
| Class 9 | iyanamatha, inamatha | enamathayo, enamatha | inamatha | ayinamathi | enganamathi | inganamathi |
| Class 10 | ziyanamatha, zinamatha | ezinamathayo, ezinamatha | zinamatha | azinamathi | ezinganamathi | zinganamathi |
| Class 11 | luyanamatha, lunamatha | olunamathayo, olunamatha | lunamatha | alunamathi | olunganamathi | lunganamathi |
| Class 14 | buyanamatha, bunamatha | obunamathayo, obunamatha | bunamatha | abunamathi | obunganamathi | bunganamathi |
| Class 15 | kuyanamatha, kunamatha | okunamathayo, okunamatha | kunamatha | akunamathi | okunganamathi | kunganamathi |
| Class 17 | kuyanamatha, kunamatha | okunamathayo, okunamatha | kunamatha | akunamathi | okunganamathi | kunganamathi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | nginamathile, nginamathē | enginamathile, enginamathē | nginamathile, nginamathē | anginamathanga | enginganamathanga | nginganamathanga |
| 2nd singular | unamathile, unamathē | onamathile, onamathē | unamathile, unamathē | awunamathanga | onganamathanga | unganamathanga |
| 1st plural | sinamathile, sinamathē | esinamathile, esinamathē | sinamathile, sinamathē | asinamathanga | esinganamathanga | singanamathanga |
| 2nd plural | ninamathile, ninamathē | eninamathile, eninamathē | ninamathile, ninamathē | aninamathanga | eninganamathanga | ninganamathanga |
| Class 1 | unamathile, unamathē | onamathile, onamathē | enamathile, enamathē | akanamathanga | onganamathanga | enganamathanga |
| Class 2 | banamathile, banamathē | abanamathile, abanamathē | benamathile, benamathē | abanamathanga | abanganamathanga | benganamathanga |
| Class 3 | unamathile, unamathē | onamathile, onamathē | unamathile, unamathē | awunamathanga | onganamathanga | unganamathanga |
| Class 4 | inamathile, inamathē | enamathile, enamathē | inamathile, inamathē | ayinamathanga | enganamathanga | inganamathanga |
| Class 5 | linamathile, linamathē | elinamathile, elinamathē | linamathile, linamathē | alinamathanga | elinganamathanga | linganamathanga |
| Class 6 | anamathile, anamathē | anamathile, anamathē | enamathile, enamathē | awanamathanga | anganamathanga | enganamathanga |
| Class 7 | sinamathile, sinamathē | esinamathile, esinamathē | sinamathile, sinamathē | asinamathanga | esinganamathanga | singanamathanga |
| Class 8 | zinamathile, zinamathē | ezinamathile, ezinamathē | zinamathile, zinamathē | azinamathanga | ezinganamathanga | zinganamathanga |
| Class 9 | inamathile, inamathē | enamathile, enamathē | inamathile, inamathē | ayinamathanga | enganamathanga | inganamathanga |
| Class 10 | zinamathile, zinamathē | ezinamathile, ezinamathē | zinamathile, zinamathē | azinamathanga | ezinganamathanga | zinganamathanga |
| Class 11 | lunamathile, lunamathē | olunamathile, olunamathē | lunamathile, lunamathē | alunamathanga | olunganamathanga | lunganamathanga |
| Class 14 | bunamathile, bunamathē | obunamathile, obunamathē | bunamathile, bunamathē | abunamathanga | obunganamathanga | bunganamathanga |
| Class 15 | kunamathile, kunamathē | okunamathile, okunamathē | kunamathile, kunamathē | akunamathanga | okunganamathanga | kunganamathanga |
| Class 17 | kunamathile, kunamathē | okunamathile, okunamathē | kunamathile, kunamathē | akunamathanga | okunganamathanga | kunganamathanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngānamatha | engānamatha | ngānamatha | anginamathanga | enginganamathanga | nginganamathanga |
| 2nd singular | wānamatha | owānamatha | wānamatha | awunamathanga | onganamathanga | unganamathanga |
| 1st plural | sānamatha | esānamatha | sānamatha | asinamathanga | esinganamathanga | singanamathanga |
| 2nd plural | nānamatha | enānamatha | nānamatha | aninamathanga | eninganamathanga | ninganamathanga |
| Class 1 | wānamatha | owānamatha | ānamatha | akanamathanga | onganamathanga | enganamathanga |
| Class 2 | bānamatha | abānamatha | bānamatha | abanamathanga | abanganamathanga | benganamathanga |
| Class 3 | wānamatha | owānamatha | wānamatha | awunamathanga | onganamathanga | unganamathanga |
| Class 4 | yānamatha | eyānamatha | yānamatha | ayinamathanga | enganamathanga | inganamathanga |
| Class 5 | lānamatha | elānamatha | lānamatha | alinamathanga | elinganamathanga | linganamathanga |
| Class 6 | ānamatha | ānamatha | ānamatha | awanamathanga | anganamathanga | enganamathanga |
| Class 7 | sānamatha | esānamatha | sānamatha | asinamathanga | esinganamathanga | singanamathanga |
| Class 8 | zānamatha | ezānamatha | zānamatha | azinamathanga | ezinganamathanga | zinganamathanga |
| Class 9 | yānamatha | eyānamatha | yānamatha | ayinamathanga | enganamathanga | inganamathanga |
| Class 10 | zānamatha | ezānamatha | zānamatha | azinamathanga | ezinganamathanga | zinganamathanga |
| Class 11 | lwānamatha | olwānamatha | lwānamatha | alunamathanga | olunganamathanga | lunganamathanga |
| Class 14 | bānamatha | obānamatha | bānamatha | abunamathanga | obunganamathanga | bunganamathanga |
| Class 15 | kwānamatha | okwānamatha | kwānamatha | akunamathanga | okunganamathanga | kunganamathanga |
| Class 17 | kwānamatha | okwānamatha | kwānamatha | akunamathanga | okunganamathanga | kunganamathanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | nginganamatha | — | nginganamatha | ngingenamathe | — | ngingenamathe |
| 2nd singular | unganamatha | — | unganamatha | ungenamathe | — | ungenamathe |
| 1st plural | singanamatha | — | singanamatha | singenamathe | — | singenamathe |
| 2nd plural | ninganamatha | — | ninganamatha | ningenamathe | — | ningenamathe |
| Class 1 | anganamatha | — | enganamatha | angenamathe | — | engenamathe |
| Class 2 | banganamatha | — | benganamatha | bangenamathe | — | bengenamathe |
| Class 3 | unganamatha | — | unganamatha | ungenamathe | — | ungenamathe |
| Class 4 | inganamatha | — | inganamatha | ingenamathe | — | ingenamathe |
| Class 5 | linganamatha | — | linganamatha | lingenamathe | — | lingenamathe |
| Class 6 | anganamatha | — | enganamatha | angenamathe | — | engenamathe |
| Class 7 | singanamatha | — | singanamatha | singenamathe | — | singenamathe |
| Class 8 | zinganamatha | — | zinganamatha | zingenamathe | — | zingenamathe |
| Class 9 | inganamatha | — | inganamatha | ingenamathe | — | ingenamathe |
| Class 10 | zinganamatha | — | zinganamatha | zingenamathe | — | zingenamathe |
| Class 11 | lunganamatha | — | lunganamatha | lungenamathe | — | lungenamathe |
| Class 14 | bunganamatha | — | bunganamatha | bungenamathe | — | bungenamathe |
| Class 15 | kunganamatha | — | kunganamatha | kungenamathe | — | kungenamathe |
| Class 17 | kunganamatha | — | kunganamatha | kungenamathe | — | kungenamathe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizonamatha | engizonamatha | ngizonamatha | angizunamatha | engingezunamatha | ngingezunamatha |
| 2nd singular | uzonamatha | ozonamatha | uzonamatha | awuzunamatha | ongezunamatha | ungezunamatha |
| 1st plural | sizonamatha | esizonamatha | sizonamatha | asizunamatha | esingezunamatha | singezunamatha |
| 2nd plural | nizonamatha | enizonamatha | nizonamatha | anizunamatha | eningezunamatha | ningezunamatha |
| Class 1 | uzonamatha | ozonamatha | ezonamatha | akazunamatha | ongezunamatha | engezunamatha |
| Class 2 | bazonamatha | abazonamatha | bezonamatha | abazunamatha | abangezunamatha | bengezunamatha |
| Class 3 | uzonamatha | ozonamatha | uzonamatha | awuzunamatha | ongezunamatha | ungezunamatha |
| Class 4 | izonamatha | ezonamatha | izonamatha | ayizunamatha | engezunamatha | ingezunamatha |
| Class 5 | lizonamatha | elizonamatha | lizonamatha | alizunamatha | elingezunamatha | lingezunamatha |
| Class 6 | azonamatha | azonamatha | ezonamatha | awazunamatha | angezunamatha | engezunamatha |
| Class 7 | sizonamatha | esizonamatha | sizonamatha | asizunamatha | esingezunamatha | singezunamatha |
| Class 8 | zizonamatha | ezizonamatha | zizonamatha | azizunamatha | ezingezunamatha | zingezunamatha |
| Class 9 | izonamatha | ezonamatha | izonamatha | ayizunamatha | engezunamatha | ingezunamatha |
| Class 10 | zizonamatha | ezizonamatha | zizonamatha | azizunamatha | ezingezunamatha | zingezunamatha |
| Class 11 | luzonamatha | oluzonamatha | luzonamatha | aluzunamatha | olungezunamatha | lungezunamatha |
| Class 14 | buzonamatha | obuzonamatha | buzonamatha | abuzunamatha | obungezunamatha | bungezunamatha |
| Class 15 | kuzonamatha | okuzonamatha | kuzonamatha | akuzunamatha | okungezunamatha | kungezunamatha |
| Class 17 | kuzonamatha | okuzonamatha | kuzonamatha | akuzunamatha | okungezunamatha | kungezunamatha |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyonamatha | engiyonamatha | ngiyonamatha | angiyunamatha | engingeyunamatha | ngingeyunamatha |
| 2nd singular | uyonamatha | oyonamatha | uyonamatha | awuyunamatha | ongeyunamatha | ungeyunamatha |
| 1st plural | siyonamatha | esiyonamatha | siyonamatha | asiyunamatha | esingeyunamatha | singeyunamatha |
| 2nd plural | niyonamatha | eniyonamatha | niyonamatha | aniyunamatha | eningeyunamatha | ningeyunamatha |
| Class 1 | uyonamatha | oyonamatha | eyonamatha | akayunamatha | ongeyunamatha | engeyunamatha |
| Class 2 | bayonamatha | abayonamatha | beyonamatha | abayunamatha | abangeyunamatha | bengeyunamatha |
| Class 3 | uyonamatha | oyonamatha | uyonamatha | awuyunamatha | ongeyunamatha | ungeyunamatha |
| Class 4 | iyonamatha | eyonamatha | iyonamatha | ayiyunamatha | engeyunamatha | ingeyunamatha |
| Class 5 | liyonamatha | eliyonamatha | liyonamatha | aliyunamatha | elingeyunamatha | lingeyunamatha |
| Class 6 | ayonamatha | ayonamatha | eyonamatha | awayunamatha | angeyunamatha | engeyunamatha |
| Class 7 | siyonamatha | esiyonamatha | siyonamatha | asiyunamatha | esingeyunamatha | singeyunamatha |
| Class 8 | ziyonamatha | eziyonamatha | ziyonamatha | aziyunamatha | ezingeyunamatha | zingeyunamatha |
| Class 9 | iyonamatha | eyonamatha | iyonamatha | ayiyunamatha | engeyunamatha | ingeyunamatha |
| Class 10 | ziyonamatha | eziyonamatha | ziyonamatha | aziyunamatha | ezingeyunamatha | zingeyunamatha |
| Class 11 | luyonamatha | oluyonamatha | luyonamatha | aluyunamatha | olungeyunamatha | lungeyunamatha |
| Class 14 | buyonamatha | obuyonamatha | buyonamatha | abuyunamatha | obungeyunamatha | bungeyunamatha |
| Class 15 | kuyonamatha | okuyonamatha | kuyonamatha | akuyunamatha | okungeyunamatha | kungeyunamatha |
| Class 17 | kuyonamatha | okuyonamatha | kuyonamatha | akuyunamatha | okungeyunamatha | kungeyunamatha |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | nginamathe | nginganamathi |
| 2nd singular | unamathe | unganamathi |
| 1st plural | sinamathe | singanamathi |
| 2nd plural | ninamathe | ninganamathi |
| Class 1 | anamathe | anganamathi |
| Class 2 | banamathe | banganamathi |
| Class 3 | unamathe | unganamathi |
| Class 4 | inamathe | inganamathi |
| Class 5 | linamathe | linganamathi |
| Class 6 | anamathe | anganamathi |
| Class 7 | sinamathe | singanamathi |
| Class 8 | zinamathe | zinganamathi |
| Class 9 | inamathe | inganamathi |
| Class 10 | zinamathe | zinganamathi |
| Class 11 | lunamathe | lunganamathi |
| Class 14 | bunamathe | bunganamathi |
| Class 15 | kunamathe | kunganamathi |
| Class 17 | kunamathe | kunganamathi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | nganamatha | nganganamatha, anganamatha, anganganamatha |
| 2nd singular | wanamatha | wanganamatha, awanamatha, awanganamatha |
| 1st plural | sanamatha | sanganamatha, asanamatha, asanganamatha |
| 2nd plural | nanamatha | nanganamatha, ananamatha, ananganamatha |
| Class 1 | wanamatha | wanganamatha, akanamatha, akanganamatha |
| Class 2 | banamatha | banganamatha, abanamatha, abanganamatha |
| Class 3 | wanamatha | wanganamatha, awanamatha, awanganamatha |
| Class 4 | yanamatha | yanganamatha, ayanamatha, ayanganamatha |
| Class 5 | lanamatha | langanamatha, alanamatha, alanganamatha |
| Class 6 | anamatha | anganamatha, awanamatha, awanganamatha |
| Class 7 | sanamatha | sanganamatha, asanamatha, asanganamatha |
| Class 8 | zanamatha | zanganamatha, azanamatha, azanganamatha |
| Class 9 | yanamatha | yanganamatha, ayanamatha, ayanganamatha |
| Class 10 | zanamatha | zanganamatha, azanamatha, azanganamatha |
| Class 11 | lwanamatha | lwanganamatha, alwanamatha, alwanganamatha |
| Class 14 | banamatha | banganamatha, abanamatha, abanganamatha |
| Class 15 | kwanamatha | kwanganamatha, akwanamatha, akwanganamatha |
| Class 17 | kwanamatha | kwanganamatha, akwanamatha, akwanganamatha |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “namatha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “namatha (3.2.9)”