# 怔

| 怔 | U+6014, &#24596; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6014 |
| ← 怓 [U+6013] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 怕 → [U+6015] |

## Translingual
### Han character

怔 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心一卜一 (PMYM), four-corner 9101$_1$, composition ⿰忄正)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 380, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10445
* Dae Jaweon: page 708, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2283, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6014

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 綻 | *rdeːns |
| 淀 | *deːns |
| 靛 | *deːns |
| 症 | *tjɯŋs |
| 竀 | *rtʰeːŋ, *tʰeŋ |
| 征 | *tjeŋ |
| 怔 | *tjeŋ |
| 正 | *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs |
| 鉦 | *tjeŋ |
| 鴊 | *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs |
| 眐 | *tjeŋ |
| 佂 | *tjeŋ |
| 整 | *tjeŋʔ |
| 政 | *tjeŋs |
| 証 | *tjeŋs |
| 定 | *teːŋs, *deːŋs |
| 顁 | *teːŋs |
| 錠 | *teːŋs, *deːŋʔ, *deːŋs |
| 掟 | *deːŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjeŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 正 (OC *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs)

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^1$
*** Yale: jēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
*** Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyeng
Rime :
| Character | 怔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 諸盈切 |
| Baxter | tsyeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjeŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 怔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17170 |
| Phonetic component | 正 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 征 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjeŋ/ |
| Notes | 見潛夫論方言作佂 |

#### Definitions

怔
* (used in compounds) terrified; seized with terror; panic-stricken

#### Compounds

* 怔忡 (zhēngchōng)
* 怔忪 (zhēngzhōng)
* 怔忡不安
* 怔營／怔营
* 魔怔 (mózheng)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhèng, lèng (zheng$^4$, leng$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ, ㄌㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhèng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^4$
*** Yale: jèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
*** Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lèng
*** Wade–Giles: lêng$^4$
*** Yale: lèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lenq
*** Palladius: лэн (lɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

怔
* (regional) to stare blankly; to be in a daze

#### Compounds

* 一怔 (yīlèng)
* 怔住
* 怔呵呵
* 怔怔
* 愣怔
* 發怔／发怔

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せい (sei)、しょう (shō)
* Kun: おそれあわてる (osoreawateru, 怔てる)

## Korean
### Hanja

怔 (eum 정 (jeong))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

怔: Hán Nôm readings: chinh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation