# pencemaran
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From cemar (“dirty”) +‎ peng- -an, the sense in law is a semantic loan from Dutch smaad.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pən.t͡ʃə.ma.ran/

### Noun

pencemaran (first-person possessive pencemaranku, second-person possessive pencemaranmu, third-person possessive pencemarannya)
* pollution
    pencemaran lingkungan ― environmental pollution
    pencemaran sungai ― river pollution
    pencemaran udara ― air pollution
** 2017 October 3, “Dua Sungai Alami Pencemaran Berat [Two Rivers Sustain Heavy Pollution]”, in Suara Merdeka‎, archived from the original on 17 October 2018:Dua sungai, Kali Premulung dan Kali Jenes, bahkan tergolong tercemar berat. "Pencemaran air sungai sudah melebihi ambang batas, sesuai kajian daya dukung dan daya tampung sungai." Merujuk hasil kajian di sejumlah sungai, air Kali Premulung dan Kali Jenes sudah tidak layak digunakan untuk pengairan pertanian ataupun perikanan. Sebab kandungan zat kimia dari pencemaran limbah batik sudah terlampau tinggi.Two rivers, Kali Premulung and Kali Jenes, were even classified as heavily polluted. "Pollution of river water has exceeded threshold levels, according to studies on the (ecological) carrying capacity of the river." Based on the results of the study on a number of rivers, water from Kali Premulung River and Kali Jenes River are no longer suitable to be used for agricultural irrigation or fishery purposes because the chemical contents caused by pollution of batik waste is too high.
    polusi
* (law) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Related terms

* pencemar (“polluter; pollutant”)

## Malay
### Etymology

From cemar (“dirty”) +‎ pen- -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pən.t͡ʃə.ma.ran/

### Noun

pencemaran (Jawi spelling ڤنچمرن, informal 1st possessive pencemaranku, 2nd possessive pencemaranmu, 3rd possessive pencemarannya)
* pollution; contamination
    pencemaran alam sekitar ― environmental pollution
    pencemaran air ― water pollution
    pencemaran bunyi ― sound pollution
    pencemaran udara ― air pollution
** 2017 April 18, Zulhisham Isahak, “Sungai diancam pencemaran [River threatened by pollution]”, in Utusan Malaysia‎, archived from the original on 29 April 2017:Berlaku pencemaran ammonia dalam kandungan sungai Johor mengakibatkan kualiti air mentah merosot dan menjejaskan bekalan air mentah di bebarapa kawasan di sekitar Johor Bahru.Occurrence of ammonia contamination in the contents of the Johor River has caused the raw water quality to decline and has affected the supply of raw water in some areas around Johor Bahru.
** 2017 October 30, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof, “Isu Sungai Johor: Penduduk dakwa pencemaran sejak 3 tahun lalu [Issue regarding Johor River: Residents claim pollution has occurred since 3 years ago]”, in Berita Harian‎, archived from the original on 30 October 2017:Difahamkan, terdapat empat ladang ternakan ayam dengan satu daripadanya turut mempunyai kilang memproses baja najis haiwan berkenaan dan menjadi punca kepada pencemaran ammonia hingga menjejaskan tiga Loji Rawatan Air (LRA).It is learnt that there are four domestic chicken farms and one of them also had a factory that processes animal manure (from the farm) into fertilizer and this became the cause of ammonia contamination that eventually affected three water treatment plants.

### Further reading

* “pencemaran” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.