# 採

| 採 | U+63A1, &#25505; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63A1 |
| ← 掠 [U+63A0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 探 → [U+63A2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

採 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手月木 (QBD), four-corner 5209$_4$, composition ⿰扌采)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 438, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12274
* Dae Jaweon: page 788, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1901, character 1
* Unihan data for U+63A1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 采 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 睬 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 彩 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 採 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 綵 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 寀 | *sʰɯːʔ |
| 菜 | *sʰɯːs |
| 埰 | *sʰɯːs |
| 棌 | *sʰɯːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰɯːʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ, “to pick”). Originally written 采.

### Etymology

See 采 (OC *sʰɯːʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cǎi (cai$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coi$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhái
* Eastern Min (BUC): chāi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhái
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cai$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǎi
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻai$^3$
*** Yale: tsǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsae
*** Palladius: цай (caj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coi$^2$
*** Yale: chói
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: coi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔːi̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhái
*** Hakka Romanization System: cai$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chāi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰai³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhái
*** Tâi-lô: tshái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhae
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cai$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshái
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰai⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tshe
*** MiniDict: tshe$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tshe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰe³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tshojX
Rime :
| Character | 採 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 倉宰切 |
| Baxter | tshojX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰʌi$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰəi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰɒi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰəj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰᴀi$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰɒi$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰɑ̆i$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cǎi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | coi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.r̥ˤəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰɯːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 採 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | cǎi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshoj$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.r̥ˁəʔ/ |
| English | gather, pluck |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 採 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1073 |
| Phonetic component | 采 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 采 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰɯːʔ/ |
| Notes | 俗採字見史記 |

### Definitions

採
* to pick; to pluck
* to select; to choose; to pick
* to gather; to collect
* to mine; to dig
* to pull; to drag
* Alternative form of 睬 (cǎi, “to pay attention to”)

#### Synonyms

* (to pick):
* 採摘／采摘 (cǎizhāi)
* 採擷／采撷 (literary)
* 摘取 (zhāiqǔ)
* 擷取／撷取 (literary)
* 收摘 (shōuzhāi)
* (to gather):
* 允集 (yǔnjí) (literary)
* 匯／汇 (huì)
* 匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 匯聚／汇聚 (huìjù)
* 匯集／汇集 (huìjí)
* 叢集／丛集 (cóngjí)
* 團聚／团聚 (tuánjù)
* 坌集 (bènjí) (literary)
* 委會／委会 (wěihuì) (literary)
* 密集 (mìjí)
* 彙集／汇集 (huìjí)
* 徵集／征集 (zhēngjí)
* 採擷／采撷 (literary)
* 採集／采集 (cǎijí)
* 搜羅／搜罗 (sōuluó)
* 搜集 (sōují)
* 摟／搂 (lōu)
* 攏／拢 (lǒng)
* 攢／攒 (cuán)
* 攢聚／攒聚 (cuánjù)
* 攢集／攒集 (cuánjí)
* 收羅／收罗 (shōuluó)
* 收錄／收录 (shōulù)
* 收集 (shōují)
* 會合／会合 (huìhé)
* 會聚／会聚 (huìjù)
* 會集／会集 (huìjí)
* 湊／凑 (còu)
* 湊集／凑集 (còují)
* 相聚 (xiāngjù)
* 籌集／筹集 (chóují)
* 糾合／纠合 (jiūhé) (literary)
* 糾集／纠集 (jiūjí) (derogatory)
* 群集 (qúnjí)
* 聚 (jù)
* 聚合 (jùhé)
* 聚攏／聚拢 (jùlǒng)
* 聚斂／聚敛 (jùliǎn)
* 聚會／聚会 (jùhuì)
* 聚集 (jùjí)
* 聚首 (jùshǒu) (formal, usually of leaders, important figures)
* 蒐集 (sōují)
* 薈萃／荟萃 (huìcuì) (literary)
* 蝟集／猬集 (wèijí) (literary)
* 調集／调集 (diàojí)
* 集 (jí) (literary, or in compounds)
* 集中 (jízhōng)
* 集合 (jíhé)
* 集會／集会 (jíhuì)
* 集結／集结 (jíjié)
* 麇集 (qúnjí) (literary)
* (to dig):
* 刨
* 挖掘 (wājué)
* 採掘／采掘 (cǎijué)
* 發掘／发掘 (fājué)
* 開掘／开掘 (kāijué)
* 開採／开采 (kāicǎi)
* 開鑿／开凿 (kāizáo, “to dig (tunnels, river channels, etc.)”)

### Compounds

* 不採／不采
* 披榛採蘭／披榛采兰
* 採信／采信 (cǎixìn)
* 採光／采光 (cǎiguāng)
* 採取／采取 (cǎiqǔ)
* 採拾／采拾 (cǎishí)
* 採掘／采掘 (cǎijué)
* 採摘／采摘 (cǎizhāi)
* 採摭／采摭
* 採擇／采择 (cǎizé)
* 採擷／采撷
* 採收／采收 (cǎishōu)
* 採樹種／采树种
* 採獵／采猎
* 採珠／采珠 (cǎizhū)
* 採生折割／采生折割
* 採用／采用 (cǎiyòng)
* 採石場／采石场 (cǎishíchǎng)
* 採礦／采矿 (cǎikuàng)
* 採種／采种 (cǎizhǒng)
* 採納／采纳 (cǎinà)
* 採花／采花 (cǎihuā)
* 採芹人／采芹人
* 採茶／采茶 (cǎichá)
* 採茶戲／采茶戏 (cǎicháxì)
* 採茶歌／采茶歌
* 採蓮曲／采莲曲
* 採蓮船／采莲船 (cǎiliánchuán)
* 採薇／采薇 (cǎiwéi)
* 採藥／采药
* 採行／采行 (cǎixíng)
* 採補／采补
* 採訪／采访 (cǎifǎng)
* 採訪使／采访使
* 採證／采证
* 採買／采买 (cǎimǎi)
* 採購／采购 (cǎigòu)
* 採購員／采购员 (cǎigòuyuán)
* 採購團／采购团
* 採辦／采办 (cǎibàn)
* 採選／采选
* 採錄／采录 (cǎilù)
* 採集／采集 (cǎijí)
* 採風問俗／采风问俗
* 揪採／揪采
* 樵採／樵采 (qiáocǎi)
* 海上採油／海上采油
* 盜採／盗采
* 藜藿不採／藜藿不采
* 觀採／观采
* 謬採虛聲／谬采虚声
* 重點採訪／重点采访
* 開採／开采 (kāicǎi)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 採 |
| Kyūjitai | 採󠄁 採+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 採󠄃 採+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* to gather, to collect, to take

#### Readings

* Go-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
* Kun: とる (toru, 採る, Jōyō)
* Nanori: もち (mochi)

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 961 (paper), page 530 (digital)

## Korean
### Hanja

採 • (chae) (hangeul 채, revised chae, McCune–Reischauer ch'ae, Yale chay)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

採: Hán Nôm readings: thái, thám, thăm, thớm, xăm, xom, xái, thải, thảy, trảy, trẩy, tảy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.