# 出頭
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūtóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄊㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ tau$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhut-thèu
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-thâu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūtóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄊㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chutóu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-tʻou$^2$
*** Yale: chū-tóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chutour
*** Palladius: чутоу (čutou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$出頭／出头 初頭／初头
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūtóur
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄊㄡˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chutóur
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-tʻou$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chū-tóur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chutourl
*** Palladius: чутоур (čutour)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ tau$^4$
*** Yale: chēut tàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ tau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ teo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-thèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: cud$^ˋ$ teu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cud$^5$ teu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² tʰeu̯¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuttaau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tʰau²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Singapore): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ tʰau¹³/

### Verb

出頭
* to free oneself (from misery, persecution, etc.); to hold up one's head
       Tāmen yǒu le chūtóu de rìzǐ. [Pinyin]
       They can now hold up their heads.
* to appear in public and take the initiative; to come forward and take the lead
       Tā yào kěn chūtóu, zánmen zhè jiàn shì zhǔn néng chénggōng. [Pinyin]
       If he's willing to come forward and take the lead, we're sure to succeed in this affair.
* to have the tip exposed (of an object)
* (after numbers) to exceed by a little; to be a little over
    三十歲出頭／三十岁出头 ― sānshí suì chūtóu ― a little over thirty years old
* (Cantonese, Hokkien) to be outstanding; to succeed (in one's career, etc.)

#### Synonyms

* (to free oneself): 出頭天／出头天 (chūtóutiān)
* (to exceed by a little): 冒尖 (màojiān), 冒頭／冒头 (màotóu); (Hokkien) 吐頭／吐头, 較吐／较吐, 出外 (chūwài)
* (to be outstanding): 出人頭地／出人头地 (chūréntóudì); (Hokkien) 出人前

#### Derived terms

* 出頭之日／出头之日
* 出頭天／出头天 (chūtóutiān)
* 出頭日子／出头日子
* 出頭棍／出头棍
* 出頭椽兒先朽爛／出头椽儿先朽烂
* 出頭歲／出头岁
* 出頭露角／出头露角
* 出頭露面／出头露面
* 出頭鳥／出头鸟
* 打出頭棍／打出头棍
* 打出頭棒子／打出头棒子
* 槍打出頭鳥／枪打出头鸟 (qiāng dǎ chūtóuniǎo)
* 煩惱皆因強出頭／烦恼皆因强出头
* 熬出頭／熬出头

### Noun

出頭
* (Mainland China Hokkien) program; show; repertoire
* (Philippine Hokkien) remainder; surplus

#### Synonyms

* (program): 節目／节目 (jiémù)
* (remainder): 剩餘／剩余 (shèngyú), 殘餘／残余 (cányú); (literary) 緒餘／绪余 (xùyú); (Hokkien) 出伸, 出剩

### References

* “Entry #13114”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 頭 |
| しゅつ > しゅっ Grade: 1 | とう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

出(しゅっ)頭(とう) • (shuttō)
* presence, appearance
* turning oneself in to the police

### Verb

出(しゅっ)頭(とう)する • (shuttō suru) suru (stem 出(しゅっ)頭(とう)し (shuttō shi), past 出(しゅっ)頭(とう)した (shuttō shita))
* appear, report
* turn oneself in to the police

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 出頭し | しゅっとうし | shuttō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 出頭し | しゅっとうし | shuttō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 出頭する | しゅっとうする | shuttō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 出頭する | しゅっとうする | shuttō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 出頭すれ | しゅっとうすれ | shuttō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 出頭せよ¹ 出頭しろ² | しゅっとうせよ¹ しゅっとうしろ² | shuttō seyo¹ shuttō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 出頭される | しゅっとうされる | shuttō sareru |
| Causative | 出頭させる 出頭さす | しゅっとうさせる しゅっとうさす | shuttō saseru shuttō sasu |
| Potential | 出頭できる | しゅっとうできる | shuttō dekiru |
| Volitional | 出頭しよう | しゅっとうしよう | shuttō shiyō |
| Negative | 出頭しない | しゅっとうしない | shuttō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 出頭せず | しゅっとうせず | shuttō sezu |
| Formal | 出頭します | しゅっとうします | shuttō shimasu |
| Perfective | 出頭した | しゅっとうした | shuttō shita |
| Conjunctive | 出頭して | しゅっとうして | shuttō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 出頭すれば | しゅっとうすれば | shuttō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||