# 鞬

| 鞬 | U+97AC, &#38828; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97AC |
| ← 鞫 [U+97AB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鞭 → [U+97AD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鞬 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿十弓大手 (TJNKQ), four-corner 4504$_4$, composition ⿰革建)
* a leather case for bow and arrow

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1390, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42934
* Dae Jaweon: page 1904, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4341, character 5
* Unihan data for U+97AC

## Baekje
### Etymology

Probably inflecting stem *k(j)ə- + gerundive *-n, the latter being attested as Old Korean 隱 (*-n).
Connected to Middle Korean 하 (ha-, “to be many, to be great”), Old Korean *흐그 (*huku-) > Middle Korean 크〮 (khú, “to be large”).

### Adjective

鞬 (*k(j)ə-n) (Nihon Shoki 琨 or コニ or コ)
* big, great

#### Reconstruction notes

Attested as 鞬 (MC kjon) in Book of Zhou, as part of a compound word.
Attested primarily in compounds as コニ (*koni) or sometimes コ (*ko) in kana glosses to the Nihon Shoki. コニ (*koni) may be a transcription of *k(j)ə-n because Old Japanese lacked coda *-n, or alternatively a transcription of the sequence *k(j)ə-n i "the great one"; compare Middle Korean 크〮니〮 (khún í, “id.”). Also attested in the original text as 琨 (MC kwon).
Perhaps also attested as 近 (MC gj+nX|gj+nH), an element in the titles of several Baekje kings: 近肖古王 (Geun-Chogo-wang), 近仇首王 (Geun-Gusu-wang), etc. These titles are also attested in forms that lack 近, showing that it is a separate, detachable element.

#### Derived terms

* 鞬吉支 (*kən-kici, “king (of Baekje)”)

#### References

* John Bentley (2000) “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research‎, volume 36, number 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
* Alexander Vovin (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎, volume 15, number 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 犍 | *ɡran, *kan |
| 騝 | *ɡran, *kan |
| 鍵 | *ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ |
| 揵 | *ɡran, *kanʔ |
| 鞬 | *kan |
| 腱 | *kan, *ɡans |
| 湕 | *kanʔ |
| 建 | *kans |
| 旔 | *kans |
| 楗 | *ɡanʔ |
| 健 | *ɡans |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kan) : semantic 革 + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiān (jian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jian
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^1$
*** Yale: jyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gin$^1$
*** Yale: gīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kjon
Rime :
| Character | 鞬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (65) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居言切 |
| Baxter | kjon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɨan/ |
| Li Rong | /kiɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭɐn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kɨ̯ɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kan/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鞬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6214 |
| Phonetic component | 建 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𢳚 |
| Old Chinese | /*kan/ |

#### Definitions

鞬
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 弓鞬
* 櫜鞬
* 鞬服

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

#### Definitions

鞬
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05631
* “鞬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* quiver on a horse
* store

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けん (ken)、こん (kon)、ごん (gon)
* Kun: ゆみぶくろ (yumibukuro)

## Korean
### Hanja

鞬 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)
* a leather case for bow and arrow
* bundle