# ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲫⲱϣⲉⲛ (phōšen) — Bohairic
* ⲡⲱϣⲛ (pōšn) — Sahidic

### Verb

ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ • (pōšen)
* (Fayyumic, intransitive, religion) to do service, serve (as a priest)
* (Fayyumic, transitive, religion) to serve
* (Fayyumic, transitive, religion) to ordain

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ pōšen | imperative | affirmative | ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ pōšen |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ štempōšen | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲡⲉⲗⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpelpōšen, pelpōšen |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tipōšen | ⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ kpōšen | ⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tepōšen | ϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ fpōšen | ⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ spōšen | ⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tenpōšen | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tetenpōšen | ⲥⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ sepōšen | ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ pōšen |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eipōšen | ⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ekpōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ elepōšen | ⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ efpōšen | ⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ espōšen | ⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ enpōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eletenpōšen | ⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eupōšen | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ele- pōšen |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etipōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etekpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etefpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etespōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etetenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etoupōšen | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ete- pōšen, etele- pōšen |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naipōšen | ⲛⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nakpōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nalepōšen | ⲛⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nafpōšen | ⲛⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naspōšen | ⲛⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nanpōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naletenpōšen | ⲛⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naupōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nale- pōšen |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aipōšen | ⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ akpōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ alepōšen | ⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ afpōšen | ⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aspōšen | ⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ anpōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aletenpōšen | ⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aupōšen | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ale- pōšen |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tinepōšen | ⲕⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ knepōšen | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tenepōšen | ϥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ fnepōšen | ⲥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ snepōšen | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tennepōšen | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tetennepōšen | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ senepōšen | ⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nepōšen |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ einepōšen | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eknepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ elenepōšen | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ efnepōšen | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ esnepōšen | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ennepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eletennepōšen | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eunepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ele- nepōšen |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etinepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eteknepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etenepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etefnepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etesnepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etennepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etetennepōšen | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etounepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etele- nepōšen |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nainepōšen | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naknepōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nalenepōšen | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nafnepōšen | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nasnepōšen | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nannepōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naletennepōšen | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ naunepōšen | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nale- nepōšen |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ainepōšen | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aknepōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ alenepōšen | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ afnepōšen | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ asnepōšen | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ annepōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aletennepōšen | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aunepōšen | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ale- nepōšen |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aipōšen | ⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ akpōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ alepōšen | ⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ afpōšen | ⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aspōšen | ⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ anpōšen | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ atetenpōšen | ⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aupōšen | ⲁ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ a- pōšen |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpipōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpekpōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpepōšen | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpefpōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpespōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpenpōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpetenpōšen | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpoupōšen | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpe- pōšen |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eaipōšen | ⲉⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eakpōšen | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ealepōšen | ⲉⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eafpōšen | ⲉⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ easpōšen | ⲉⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eanpōšen | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eatetenpōšen | ⲉⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eaupōšen | ⲉⲁ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ea- pōšen |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empipōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empekpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empepōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empefpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empespōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empetenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empoupōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empe- pōšen |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntaipōšen | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntakpōšen | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntalepōšen | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntafpōšen | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntaspōšen | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntanpōšen | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etaletenpōšen | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntaupōšen | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nta- pōšen |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempipōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempekpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempefpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempespōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempetenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempoupōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempe- pōšen |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneaipōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneakpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnealepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneafpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneaspōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneanpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneatetenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nneaupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnea- pōšen |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempipōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempekpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempefpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempespōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempetenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempoupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempe- pōšen |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aaipōšen | ⲁⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aakpōšen | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aalepōšen | ⲁⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aafpōšen | ⲁⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aaspōšen | ⲁⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aanpōšen | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etaletenpōšen | ⲁⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aaupōšen | ⲁⲁ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aa- pōšen |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatipōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatekpōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatepōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatefpōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatespōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatenpōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatetenpōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpatoupōšen | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpate- pōšen |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatipōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatekpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatepōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatefpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatespōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatetenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empatoupōšen | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ empate- pōšen |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatipōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatekpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatefpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatespōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatetenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempatoupōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etempate- pōšen |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatipōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatekpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatefpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatespōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatetenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempatoupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnempate- pōšen |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šaipōšen | ϣⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šakpōšen | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šalepōšen | ϣⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šafpōšen | ϣⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šaspōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šanpōšen | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šatetenpōšen | ϣⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šaupōšen | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šale- pōšen |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ meipōšen | ⲙⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mekpōšen | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ melepōšen | ⲙⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mefpōšen | ⲙⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mespōšen | ⲙⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ menpōšen | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ meletenpōšen | ⲙⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ meupōšen | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mele- pōšen |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešaipōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešakpōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešalepōšen | ⲉϣⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešafpōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešaspōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešanpōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešatetenpōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešaupōšen | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ešale- pōšen |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emeipōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emekpōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emelepōšen | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emefpōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emespōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emeletenpōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emeupōšen | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ emele- pōšen |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešaipōšen, nšaipōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešakpōšen, nšakpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešalepōšen, nšalepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešafpōšen, nšafpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešaspōšen, nšaspōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešanpōšen, nšanpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešatetenpōšen, nšatetenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešaupōšen, nšaupōšen | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etešale- pōšen, nšale- pōšen |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemeipōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemekpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemelepōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemefpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemespōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemeletenpōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemeupōšen | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ etemele- pōšen |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešaipōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešakpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešalepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešafpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešaspōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešanpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešatetenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešaupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnešale- pōšen |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemeipōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemekpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemelepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemefpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemespōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemeletenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemeupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnemele- pōšen |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmeipōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmekpōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmelepōšen | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmefpōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmespōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmenpōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmeletenpōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmeupōšen | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nmele- pōšen |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eiepōšen | ⲉⲕⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ekepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ elepōšen | ⲉϥⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ efepōšen | ⲉⲥⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ esepōšen | ⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ enepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eletenepōšen | ⲉⲩⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ euepōšen | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ele- pōšen |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnapōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnekpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnepōšen | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnefpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnespōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnetenpōšen | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nnoupōšen | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nne- pōšen |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ malipōšen | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ malefpōšen | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ malespōšen | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ malenpōšen | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ maloupōšen | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ male- pōšen |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltripōšen | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltrefpōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltrespōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltrenpōšen | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltreupōšen | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ mpeltre- pōšen |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tapōšen, ntapōšen | ⲛⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nkpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntepōšen | ⲛϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nfpōšen | ⲛⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nspōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntenpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntetenpōšen | ⲛⲥⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nsepōšen | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nte- pōšen |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talipōšen, ntalipōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talekpōšen, ntalekpōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talepōšen, ntalepōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talefpōšen, ntalefpōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talespōšen, ntalespōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ talenpōšen, ntalenpōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ taletenpōšen, ntaletenpōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ taloupōšen, ntaloupōšen | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ tale- pōšen, ntale- pōšen |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelipōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelekpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelepōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelefpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelespōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntelenpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nteletenpōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ nteloupōšen | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ntele- pōšen |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantipōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantekpōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantepōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantefpōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantespōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantenpōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantetenpōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šantoupōšen | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ šante- pōšen |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eišanpōšen | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ekšanpōšen | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ elešanpōšen | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ efšanpōšen | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ esšanpōšen | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ enšanpōšen | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eletenšanpōšen | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ eušanpōšen | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ elešan- pōšen, elšan- pōšen |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aipōšen | ⲁⲕⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ akpōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ alepōšen | ⲁϥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ afpōšen | ⲁⲥⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aspōšen | ⲁⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ anpōšen | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aletenpōšen | ⲁⲩⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ aupōšen | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲡⲱϣⲉⲛ ale- pōšen |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### References

* TLA lemma no. C2958 (ⲡⲱϣⲛ]), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), (accessed 2024-09-17).
* TLA lemma no. C2959 (ⲡⲱϣⲛ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), (accessed 2024-09-17).
* Marcion Coptic dictionary