# ἕτερος
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἅτερος (háteros), ὥτερος (hṓteros) — Doric
* ἄτερος (áteros) — Aeolic

### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hə́teros, from Proto-Indo-European *sḿ̥teros, from the zero grade of the root *sem- (“one", from which also comes Ancient Greek εἷς (heîs), "one”) +‎ *-teros (contrastive suffix, from which also comes Ancient Greek -τερος (-teros)). Cognates include Sanskrit एकतर (ekatara), Breton hanter, and perhaps Old English sunder (English asunder).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hé.te.ros/ → /ˈe.te.ros/ → /ˈe.te.ros/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hé.te.ros/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)e.te.ros/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈe.te.ros/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈe.te.ros/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈe.te.ros/

### Adjective

ἕτερος • (héteros) m (feminine ἑτέρᾱ, neuter ἕτερον); first/second declension
* one or the other of two
* (repeated at a distance) either ... or ...
* (repeated consecutively) one after the other
* other, another, second (often of pairs)
* different

#### Derived terms

* ἑτεραλκής (heteralkḗs)
* ἑτερογενής (heterogenḗs)
* κῠκλᾰ́μῑνος ἑτέρᾱ (kuklámīnos hetérā)
* μηδέτερος (mēdéteros)

#### Descendants

* Greek: ετερο- (etero-)
* → Asturian: hetero-
* → Danish: hetero-
* → Dutch: hetero-
* → English: hetero-
* → Finnish: hetero-
* → French: hétéro-
* → Galician: hetero-
* → German: hetero-
* → Hungarian: hetero-
* → Irish: heitri-
* → Portuguese: hetero-
* → Romanian: hetero-
* → Russian: гетеро- (getero-)
* → Spanish: hetero-
* → Swedish: hetero-

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### Further reading

* “ἕτερος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἕτερος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἕτερος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἕτερος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* ἕτερος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ἕτερος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G2087 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. another idem, page 31.different idem, page 223.else idem, page 265.fresh idem, page 344.other idem, page 581.
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN