# benn
## Cimbrian
### Alternative forms

* bénne (Sette Comuni)

### Etymology

From Middle High German wenne, wanne, from Old High German hwenne, hwanne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, from *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”). Cognate with German wenn, wann, English when. Doublet of ben (conjunction), from the same Middle High German source.

### Adverb

benn
* (Luserna) when
    Benn rifta dar bus? ― When does the bus arrive?

### References

* “benn” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

## East Central German
### Etymology

A contraction of be dan.

### Contraction

benn
* (Erzgebirgisch) benn Elektrischnat the eletric

### References

* 2020 June 11, Hendrik Heidler, Hendrik Heidler's 400 Seiten: Echtes Erzgebirgisch: Wuu de Hasen Hoosn haaßn un de Hosen Huusn do sei mir drhamm: Das Original Wörterbuch: Ratgeber und Fundgrube der erzgebirgischen Mund- und Lebensart: Erzgebirgisch – Deutsch / Deutsch – Erzgebirgisch‎, 3. geänderte Auflage edition, Norderstedt: BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22:

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Lexicalization of bel (a variant of bél) +‎ -n (case suffix). The -ln combination later assimilated to -nn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛnː]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: benn
* Rhymes: -ɛnː

### Adverb

benn (comparative beljebb, superlative legbeljebb)
* inside
    Synonym: bent
    Antonyms: kinn, kint

#### Usage notes

This term may also be part of the split form of a verb prefixed with benn-, occurring when the main verb does not follow the prefix directly. It can be interpreted only with the related verb form, irrespective of its position in the sentence, e.g. meg tudták volna nézni (“they could have seen it”, from megnéz). For verbs with this prefix, see benn-; for an overview, Appendix:Hungarian verbal prefixes.

#### Derived terms

* bennszülött
* idebenn
* odabenn

#### Related terms

* -ba / -be
* -ban / -ben
* be → be-
* bél (and archaic bel)
* bel-
* bele (belé, beléje)
* -beli (-béli)
* beljebb (bellebb)
* bellebbez (beljebbez)
* belőle
* belső (benső)
* belül (belől, bévül)
* benne
* bennünket, -eteket
* bent (benn)
* -ból / -ből

### References

* ↑ benn in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* benn in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* benn in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Middle Welsh
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *benn, from Proto-Celtic *bend(n)ā (whence Latin benna), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind”).

#### Noun

benn f
* cart, wagon

##### Descendants

* Welsh: ben (“cart”)

#### Mutation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

benn
* Soft mutation of penn (“head”).

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* ben

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *banjō (“wound”). Cognate with Old Saxon beni (“wound”), Old Norse ben (“wound”), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰 (banja, “wound”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /benn/, [ben]

### Noun

benn f
* a wound; mortal injury
** Ne ðær ænig com blod of benne ― no blood came from the wound.
** 10th century, The Wanderer:Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne, sāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,Then heart's wounds are heavier, painful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed

#### Derived terms

* feorhbenn (“mortal injury”)
* siexbenn (“sword-injury”)

#### Related terms

* bennian
* bana

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* bend

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bandā (“peak, top”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲen͈/

### Noun

benn f (genitive beinne or beinde, nominative plural benna or benda)
* peak
* pinnacle
* mountain
* point
* prong
* horn
    Synonyms: adarc, congna

#### Inflection

Feminine ā-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | benn$^L$ | beinn$^L$ | benna$^H$ |
| Vocative | benn$^L$ | beinn$^L$ | benna$^H$ |
| Accusative | beinn$^N$ | beinn$^L$ | benna$^H$ |
| Genitive | beinne$^H$ | benn$^L$ | benn$^N$ |
| Dative | beinn$^L$ | bennaib | bennaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Irish: beann, binn
* Manx: beinn
* Scottish Gaelic: beann, beinn
* → Galician: beán
* ⇒ Middle Irish: bennán

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bando-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 54

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “benn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Wolof
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛnː/
* Audio:(file)

### Numeral

benn
* one