# ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ
## Coptic
### Etymology

From ⲥⲉⲧ- (set-) +‎ ⲧⲁϥ (taf), literally “to throw spit”.

### Verb

ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ • (settaf)
* (Sahidic) to spit

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ settaf | imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ settaf |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tm̄settaf | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄settaf |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tisettaf | ⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ksettaf | ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tesettaf | ϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ fsettaf | ⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ssettaf | ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tn̄settaf | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tetn̄settaf | ⲥⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ sesettaf | ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ settaf |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eïsettaf | ⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eksettaf | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eresettaf | ⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ efsettaf | ⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ essettaf | ⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ensettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetn̄settaf | ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eusettaf | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ere- settaf |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etisettaf | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etk̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etesettaf, eteresettaf | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etf̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ets̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etousettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etere- settaf |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neïsettaf | ⲛⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neksettaf | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neresettaf | ⲛⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nefsettaf | ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nessettaf | ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nensettaf | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ netetn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neusettaf | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nere- settaf |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tinasettaf | ⲕⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ knasettaf | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tenasettaf | ϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ fnasettaf | ⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ snasettaf | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tn̄nasettaf | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tetnasettaf | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ senasettaf | ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nasettaf |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eïnasettaf | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eknasettaf | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ erenasettaf | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ efnasettaf | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ esnasettaf | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ennasettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetnasettaf | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eunasettaf | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ere- nasettaf |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etinasettaf | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etk̄nasettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etenasettaf, eterenasettaf | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etf̄nasettaf | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ets̄nasettaf | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etn̄nasettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetnasettaf | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etounasettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etere- nasettaf |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neïnasettaf | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neknasettaf | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nerenasettaf | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nefnasettaf | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nesnasettaf | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nennasettaf | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ netetnasettaf | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neunasettaf | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nere- nasettaf |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ aïsettaf | ⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ aksettaf | ⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ asettaf, arsettaf, aresettaf | ⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ afsettaf | ⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ assettaf | ⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ansettaf | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ atetn̄settaf | ⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ausettaf | ⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ a- settaf |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pisettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pk̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pesettaf, m̄pr̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pf̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄ps̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pn̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄petn̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pousettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pe- settaf |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eaïsettaf | ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eaksettaf | ⲉⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ easettaf, earsettaf, earesettaf | ⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eafsettaf | ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eassettaf | ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eansettaf | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eatetn̄settaf | ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eausettaf | ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ea- settaf |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pisettaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pk̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pesettaf, em̄pr̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pf̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄ps̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pn̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄petn̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pousettaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pe- settaf |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entaïsettaf, n̄taïsettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entaksettaf, n̄taksettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entasettaf, n̄tasettaf, entarsettaf, n̄tarsettaf, entaresettaf, n̄taresettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entafsettaf, n̄tafsettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entassettaf, n̄tassettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entansettaf, n̄tansettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entatetn̄settaf, n̄tatetn̄settaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ entausettaf, n̄tausettaf | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ enta- settaf, n̄ta- settaf |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pisettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pk̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pesettaf, etem̄pr̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pf̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄ps̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄petn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pousettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pe- settaf |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neaïsettaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neaksettaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neasettaf, nearsettaf, nearesettaf | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neafsettaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neassettaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neansettaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neatetn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ neausettaf | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nea- settaf |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pisettaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pk̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pesettaf, nem̄pr̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pf̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄ps̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄petn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pousettaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pe- settaf |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄taïsettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄taksettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tasettaf, n̄tarsettaf, n̄taresettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tafsettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tassettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tansettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tatetn̄settaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tausettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄ta- settaf |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patisettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patk̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patesettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patf̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pats̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patn̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patetn̄settaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄patousettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pate- settaf |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patisettaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patk̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patesettaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patf̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pats̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patn̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patetn̄settaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄patousettaf | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ em̄pate- settaf |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patisettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patk̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patesettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patf̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pats̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patetn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄patousettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etem̄pate- settaf |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patisettaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patk̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patesettaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patf̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pats̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patetn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄patousettaf | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nem̄pate- settaf |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šaïsettaf | ϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šaksettaf | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šaresettaf | ϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šafsettaf | ϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šassettaf | ϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šansettaf | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šatetn̄settaf | ϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šausettaf | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šare- settaf |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ meïsettaf | ⲙⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ meksettaf | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ meresettaf | ⲙⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ mefsettaf | ⲙⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ messettaf | ⲙⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ mensettaf | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ metetn̄settaf | ⲙⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ meusettaf | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ mere- settaf |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešaïsettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešaksettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešaresettaf | ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešafsettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešassettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešansettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešatetn̄settaf | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešausettaf | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ešare- settaf |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeïsettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeksettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeresettaf | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emefsettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emessettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emensettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emetetn̄settaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeusettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emere- settaf |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešaïsettaf, ešaïsettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešaksettaf, ešaksettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešaresettaf, ešaresettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešafsettaf, ešafsettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešassettaf, ešassettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešansettaf, ešansettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešatetn̄settaf, ešatetn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešausettaf, ešausettaf | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etešare- settaf, ešare- settaf |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemeïsettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemeksettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemeresettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemefsettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemessettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemensettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemetetn̄settaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemeusettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etemere- settaf |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešaïsettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešaksettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešaresettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešafsettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešassettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešansettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešatetn̄settaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešausettaf | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nešare- settaf |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemeïsettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemeksettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemeresettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemefsettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemessettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemensettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemetetn̄settaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemeusettaf | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ nemere- settaf |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeïsettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeksettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeresettaf | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emefsettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emessettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emensettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emetetn̄settaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emeusettaf | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ emere- settaf |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eïesettaf | ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ekesettaf | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eresettaf | ⲉϥⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ efesettaf | ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ esesettaf | ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ enesettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetnesettaf | ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ euesettaf | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ere- settaf |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄nasettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄neksettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄nesettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄nefsettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄nessettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄nensettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄netn̄settaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄neusettaf | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄ne- settaf |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ marisettaf | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ marefsettaf | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ maressettaf | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ marn̄settaf | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ marousettaf | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ mare- settaf |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄trasettaf | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄trefsettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄tressettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄trensettaf | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄treusettaf | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ m̄pr̄tre- settaf |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tasettaf, tasettaf | ⲛ̄ⲅⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄gsettaf, n̄ksettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tesettaf | ⲛ̄ϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄fsettaf | ⲛ̄ⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄ssettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tn̄settaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tetn̄settaf | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄sesettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄te- settaf |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tarisettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tareksettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ taresettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tarefsettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ taressettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tarn̄settaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ taretn̄settaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tarousettaf | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ tare- settaf |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄terisettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tereksettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄teresettaf, n̄terersettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄terefsettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄teressettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tern̄settaf, n̄terensettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄teretn̄settaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄terousettaf | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ n̄tere- settaf |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantisettaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantk̄settaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantesettaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantf̄settaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šants̄settaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantn̄settaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantetn̄settaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šantousettaf | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ šante- settaf |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eïšansettaf | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ekšansettaf | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eršansettaf, erešansettaf | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ efšansettaf | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ esšansettaf | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ enšansettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetn̄šansettaf | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eušansettaf | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eršan- settaf |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eïsettaf | ⲉⲕⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eksettaf | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eresettaf | ⲉϥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ efsettaf | ⲉⲥⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ essettaf | ⲉⲛⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ensettaf | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ etetn̄settaf | ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ eusettaf | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ ere- settaf |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

#### Synonyms

* ⲛⲉϫⲧⲁϥ (nečtaf)
* ⲉⲗⲧⲟϥ (eltof), ⲉⲗⲧⲟⲧϥ (eltotf) (Bohairic)

### References

* TLA lemma no. C4735 (ⲥⲉⲧⲧⲁϥ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),