# փշատ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Middle Armenian փշատ (pʻšat).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /pʰəˈʃɑt/, [pʰəʃɑ́t]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /pəˈʃɑd/, [pʰəʃɑ́d]

### Noun

փշատ • (pʻšat)
* oleaster, Elaeagnus angustifolia
    Synonyms: փշատենի (pʻšateni), փշատի (pʻšati)
* fruit of oleaster

#### Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | փշատ (pʻšat) | փշատներ (pʻšatner) |
| dative | փշատի (pʻšati) | փշատների (pʻšatneri) |
| ablative | փշատից (pʻšaticʻ) | փշատներից (pʻšatnericʻ) |
| instrumental | փշատով (pʻšatov) | փշատներով (pʻšatnerov) |
| locative | փշատում (pʻšatum) | փշատներում (pʻšatnerum) |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | փշատը/փշատն (pʻšatə/pʻšatn) | փշատները/փշատներն (pʻšatnerə/pʻšatnern) |
| dative | փշատին (pʻšatin) | փշատներին (pʻšatnerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | փշատս (pʻšats) | փշատներս (pʻšatners) |
| dative | փշատիս (pʻšatis) | փշատներիս (pʻšatneris) |
| ablative | փշատիցս (pʻšaticʻs) | փշատներիցս (pʻšatnericʻs) |
| instrumental | փշատովս (pʻšatovs) | փշատներովս (pʻšatnerovs) |
| locative | փշատումս (pʻšatums) | փշատներումս (pʻšatnerums) |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | փշատդ (pʻšatd) | փշատներդ (pʻšatnerd) |
| dative | փշատիդ (pʻšatid) | փշատներիդ (pʻšatnerid) |
| ablative | փշատիցդ (pʻšaticʻd) | փշատներիցդ (pʻšatnericʻd) |
| instrumental | փշատովդ (pʻšatovd) | փշատներովդ (pʻšatnerovd) |
| locative | փշատումդ (pʻšatumd) | փշատներումդ (pʻšatnerumd) |

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: pışat
* → Georgian: ფშატი (pšaṭi)
* → Russian: пшат (pšat) (Transcaucasia)

## Middle Armenian
### Etymology

Traditionally considered a derivative of փուշ (pʻuš, “thorn, prickle”), because oleaster is thorny. But Mkrtchyan considers this a folk etymology and derives փշատ (pʻšat) from an unattested Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *paiš- (“to crush, grind”), whence Avestan 𐬞𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬧𐬙- (pišaṇt-, “crushing, bruising”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pst /⁠pist⁠/, “browned flour”), Persian پست (pest, “flour, meal; browned flour”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peys- (“to grind, crush”), because oleaster fruits are used for making sweet flour.

### Noun

փշատ • (pʻšat)
* fruit of oleaster, Elaeagnus angustifolia

#### Derived terms

* փշատի (pʻšati)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: փշատ (pʻšat)
** → Turkish: pışat
** → Georgian: ფშატი (pšaṭi)
** → Russian: пшат (pšat) (Transcaucasia)

### References

* ↑ Schröder, Johann Joachim (1711) Thesaurus linguae Armenicae antiquae et hodiernae, Amsterdam, pages 340–341
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “փշատ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 508ab
* ↑ Mkrtčʻyan, Nerses (2004) “Banasirakan čšgrtumner ew lracʻumner [Philological Corrections and Additions]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), number 3, page 186

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “փշատ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “փշատ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “փշատ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy