# cardar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From card +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kərˈda]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kaɾˈðaɾ]

### Verb

cardar (first-person singular present cardo, first-person singular preterite cardí, past participle cardat)
* (textiles) to comb, card (to disentangle the fibres)
* (vulgar, transitive, intransitive) to fuck
    Synonym: fotre
** 1993, Quim Monzó, “La inòpia”, in El perquè de tot plegat, Barcelona: Quaderns Crema, →ISBN, page 33:¿Deu ser conscient que, fidel a la fidelitat, la carn se li ha afluixat, li han sortit arrugues, i gent que fa deu anys hauria volgut cardar amb ella ara ni ho considera?She must be aware that, staying true to faithfulness, her flesh has loosened, wrinkles have appeared, and whoever would've fucked her ten years ago won't even think about it now?

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | cardar | cardar | cardar | cardar | cardar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | cardant | cardant | cardant | cardant | cardant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | cardat | cardat | cardada | cardada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | cardats | cardats | cardades | cardades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | cardo | cardes | carda | cardem | cardeu | carden |
| indicative | imperfect | cardava | cardaves | cardava | cardàvem | cardàveu | cardaven |
| indicative | future | cardaré | cardaràs | cardarà | cardarem | cardareu | cardaran |
| indicative | preterite | cardí | cardares | cardà | cardàrem | cardàreu | cardaren |
| indicative | conditional | cardaria | cardaries | cardaria | cardaríem | cardaríeu | cardarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | cardi | cardis | cardi | cardem | cardeu | cardin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | cardés | cardessis | cardés | cardéssim | cardéssiu | cardessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | carda | cardi | cardem | cardeu | cardin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no cardis | no cardi | no cardem | no cardeu | no cardin |

#### Derived terms

* cardada
* cardador
* cardaire

### Further reading

* “cardar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “cardar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

## Galician
### Etymology

From cardo, from Latin carduus (“thistle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑɾˈðaɾ/

### Verb

cardar (first-person singular present cardo, first-person singular preterite cardei, past participle cardado)
* (textiles) to card

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* carda
* cardador

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “carda”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cardar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cardar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cardar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cardar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cardar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “caro”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [kaɦˈda(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [kaɦˈda(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /kaɾˈda(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [kaʁˈda(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kaɻˈda(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈdaɾ/ [kɐɾˈðaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈdaɾ/ [kɐɾˈðaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈda.ɾi/ [kɐɾˈða.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: car‧dar

### Verb

cardar (first-person singular present cardo, first-person singular preterite cardei, past participle cardado)
* to tease; to card (to disentangle the fibres of fibrous material)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From cardo, from Latin carduus (“thistle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɾˈdaɾ/ [kaɾˈð̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: car‧dar

### Verb

cardar (first-person singular present cardo, first-person singular preterite cardé, past participle cardado)
* to card or comb

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | cardar | cardar | cardar | cardar | cardar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | cardando | cardando | cardando | cardando | cardando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | cardado | cardado | cardada | cardada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | cardados | cardados | cardadas | cardadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | cardo | cardas$^{tú}$ cardás$^{vos}$ | carda | cardamos | cardáis | cardan |
| indicative | imperfect | cardaba | cardabas | cardaba | cardábamos | cardabais | cardaban |
| indicative | preterite | cardé | cardaste | cardó | cardamos | cardasteis | cardaron |
| indicative | future | cardaré | cardarás | cardará | cardaremos | cardaréis | cardarán |
| indicative | conditional | cardaría | cardarías | cardaría | cardaríamos | cardaríais | cardarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | carde | cardes$^{tú}$ cardés$^{vos2}$ | carde | cardemos | cardéis | carden |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | cardara | cardaras | cardara | cardáramos | cardarais | cardaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | cardase | cardases | cardase | cardásemos | cardaseis | cardasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | cardare | cardares | cardare | cardáremos | cardareis | cardaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | carda$^{tú}$ cardá$^{vos}$ | carde | cardemos | cardad | carden |
| imperative | negative | | no cardes | no carde | no cardemos | no cardéis | no carden |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “cardar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014