# գամփռ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* գՙա՛մփըռ (gʻámpʻəṙ) — Akhaltsikhe
* գՙա՛մբՙըռ (gʻámbʻəṙ) — Sivas
* գՙօմփօռ (gʻōmpʻōṙ) — Ararat

### Etymology

From Middle Armenian գամփռ (gampʻṙ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ˈɡɑmpʰər/, [ɡɑ́mpʰər]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ˈkɑmpər/, [kʰɑ́mpʰər]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

գամփռ • (gampʻṙ)
* any large and powerful dog, especially the Caucasian Shepherd Dog

#### Declension

i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | գամփռ (gampʻṙ) | գամփռներ (gampʻṙner) |
| dative | գամփռի (gampʻṙi) | գամփռների (gampʻṙneri) |
| ablative | գամփռից (gampʻṙicʻ) | գամփռներից (gampʻṙnericʻ) |
| instrumental | գամփռով (gampʻṙov) | գամփռներով (gampʻṙnerov) |
| locative | — | — |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | գամփռը/գամփռն (gampʻṙə/gampʻṙn) | գամփռները/գամփռներն (gampʻṙnerə/gampʻṙnern) |
| dative | գամփռին (gampʻṙin) | գամփռներին (gampʻṙnerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | գամփռս (gampʻṙs) | գամփռներս (gampʻṙners) |
| dative | գամփռիս (gampʻṙis) | գամփռներիս (gampʻṙneris) |
| ablative | գամփռիցս (gampʻṙicʻs) | գամփռներիցս (gampʻṙnericʻs) |
| instrumental | գամփռովս (gampʻṙovs) | գամփռներովս (gampʻṙnerovs) |
| locative | — | — |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | գամփռդ (gampʻṙd) | գամփռներդ (gampʻṙnerd) |
| dative | գամփռիդ (gampʻṙid) | գամփռներիդ (gampʻṙnerid) |
| ablative | գամփռիցդ (gampʻṙicʻd) | գամփռներիցդ (gampʻṙnericʻd) |
| instrumental | գամփռովդ (gampʻṙovd) | գամփռներովդ (gampʻṙnerovd) |
| locative | — | — |

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գամփռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 510a

## Middle Armenian
### Alternative forms

* գամբռ (gambṙ), գափռ (gapʻṙ)

### Etymology

Ačaṙean does not know the origin. According to J̌ahukyan, we are dealing with a sound-symbolic formation.
Ačaṙean considers Northern Kurdish gembol (“large watchdog”) a borrowing from Armenian, with the r → l sound change occurring within Kurdish, because there is no Armenian dialectal form with an -լ (-l). Compare also Central Kurdish گەماڵ (gemall, “male dog; mastiff”) and Northern Kurdish gemal (“mastiff”).

### Noun

գամփռ • (gampʻṙ)
* a large dog
** 12–13th century, Vardan Aygekcʻi, Žołovacʻoykʻ aṙakacʻ Vardanay [Collections of Fables of Vardan] :[…] և տանուտէր մի եբեր շուն մի գամբռ (var. գամփռ) և սաստիկ ուժեղ […][…] ew tanutēr mi eber šun mi gambṙ (var. gampʻṙ) ew sastik užeġ […]
** 12–13th century, Vardan Aygekcʻi, Žołovacʻoykʻ aṙakacʻ Vardanay [Collections of Fables of Vardan] : […] գամփռ շուն մի իւրեանց մեծն և էր կուր […] […] gampʻṙ šun mi iwreancʻ mecn ew ēr kur […]

#### Derived terms

* գամփռել (gampʻṙel)
* գամփալ (gampʻal)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: գամփռ (gampʻṙ)
** → Northern Kurdish: gembol

### References

* 1 2 Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գամփռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 510a
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “գամփռ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 148a
* ↑ Kurdojev, K. K., Jusupova, Z. A. (1983) “گەماڵ”, in Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ (sorani) [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary (Sorani)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 572b
* ↑ Qazzaz, Shafiq (2000) “گەماڵ”, in The Sharezoor Kurdish–English dictionary, Erbil: Aras Press and Publishers, page 486a
* ↑ Îzolî, D. (1992) “gemal”, in Ferheng : Kurdî-Tirkî. Türkçe-Kürtçe‎, compiled by a native of the Dersim region, Istanbul: Deng Yayınları, →ISBN, page 162a
* ↑ Марр, Н. (1894) Сборники притч Вардана. Часть II. Тексты [Collections of Vardan's fables. Part II. Texts], Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, § 8, page 9
* ↑ Марр, Н. (1894) Сборники притч Вардана. Часть II. Тексты [Collections of Vardan's fables. Part II. Texts], Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, § 111, page 129

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գամփռ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* “գամփռ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui [Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, 1749–1769
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գամփռ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy