# पिण्ड
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* piṇḍa (Latin script)
* 𑀧𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
* পিণ্ড (Bengali script)
* පිණ‍්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
* ပိဏ္ဍ or ပိꧣ္ꩨ or ပိꧣ်ꩨ (Burmese script)
* ปิณฺฑ or ปิณฑะ (Thai script)
* ᨷᩥᨱ᩠ᨯ (Tai Tham script)
* ປິຓ຺ຑ or ປິຓຑະ (Lao script)
* បិណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄨𑄕𑄴𑄓 (Chakma script)

### Noun

पिण्ड m
* Devanagari script form of piṇḍa (“lump”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* পিণ্ড (Assamese script)
* ᬧᬶᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
* পিণ্ড (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰰𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
* ပိဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
* પિણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
* ਪਿਣ੍ਡ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑌿𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦶꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂱𑂝𑂹𑂙 (Kaithi script)
* ಪಿಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
* បិណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
* ປິຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
* പിണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᡳᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘱𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠢᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧒𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑐶𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
* ପିଣ୍ଡ (Odia script)
* ꢦꢶꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑆴𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖰𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
* පිණ‍්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰𑩑𑩪 𑪙𑩨 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚮𑚘𑚶𑚖 (Takri script)
* பிண்ட³ (Tamil script)
* పిణ్డ (Telugu script)
* ปิณฺฑ (Thai script)
* པི་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑨁𑨘𑩇𑨖 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Due to the diverse phonetic variation in the word's relatives in modern Indo-Aryan, Turner considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian (compare Tamil பிழி (piḻi, “squeeze”), Tamil பிண்டம் (piṇṭam, “what is squeezed”) from past *piẓi-nt- ‘squeeze’).

### Noun

पिण्ड • (píṇḍa) stem, m or n
* any round or roundish mass or heap, ball, lump, piece (RV., TS., ŚBr., etc.)
* a roundish lump of food, a bite (of food), morsel, mouthful
** (esp.) a ball of rice or flour offered to ancestors (GṛŚṛS., Mn., MBh., etc.)
* food, daily bread, livelihood, subsistence, sustenance (MBh., Kāv., etc.)
* any solid mass or material object, the body, bodily frame (Ragh., Śaṃk., Vajracch.)
* the calf of the leg (Mālatīm.)
* the flower of a china rose (L.)
* a portico (L.)
* force, power, army (L.)
* (in the dual) fleshy parts of the shoulder above the clavicle (MBh.)
* (in the dual) protrusion on the upper forehead of an elephant (L.)
* embryo at an early stage of development (L.)
* a kind of incense (Var.
* myrrh, olibanum (L.)
* meat, flesh (L.)
* alms (Mālatīm.)
* Meyna laxiflora (L.)
* quantity, collection (L.)
* (arithmetic) sum, total amount
* (astronomy) a sine expressed in a series of numbers
* (music) sound, tone
* name of a man
* iron (L.)
* steel
* fresh butter

#### Descendants

* Romani: punro, pinro, pirro
* → Khotanese: piṇḍaa- (“lump”)
* → Iranian:
** → Old Armenian: պինդ (pind, “firm, dense, tight, strong”)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “पिण्ड”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0625/2.
* Witzel, Michael (2003) Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia (Sino-Platonic Papers; 129)‎, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, page 33
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 128
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “píṇḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ F. C., Southworth (2011) Rice in Dravidian‎, University of Pennsylvania.