# fermen
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈfɛr.mən]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈfər.mən]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈfeɾ.men]

### Verb

fermen
* third-person plural present indicative of fermar

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch ferment, from Middle French ferment, from Latin fermentare (“to leaven, ferment”), from fermentum (“substance causing fermentation”), from fervere (“to boil, seethe”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfermen]
* Hyphenation: fér‧mén

### Noun

fermen (first-person possessive fermenku, second-person possessive fermenmu, third-person possessive fermennya)
* (uncommon) ferment: something, such as a yeast or barm, that causes fermentation.
    Synonym: ragi

### Further reading

* “fermen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English feormian, possibly from Proto-West Germanic *furbēn.

#### Alternative forms

* feermen, feormen, ferme

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɛrmən/

#### Verb

fermen
* To cleanse; to scour.

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) fermen, ferme | (to) fermen, ferme |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | ferme | fermed |
| 2nd-person singular | fermest | fermedest |
| 3rd-person singular | fermeth | fermed |
| subjunctive singular | ferme | fermed |
| imperative singular | ferme | — |
| plural$^1$ | fermen, ferme | fermeden, fermede |
| imperative plural | fermeth, ferme | — |
| participles | fermynge, fermende | fermed |
$^1$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

##### Descendants

* English: farm (dialectal)

#### References

* “fermen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman fermer; equivalent to ferme (“lease”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

#### Alternative forms

* ferme, fermyn

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɛrmən/

#### Verb

fermen
* To take on an office for a fixed fee.
* To lease land for a fixed fee.

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) fermen, ferme | (to) fermen, ferme |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | ferme | fermed |
| 2nd-person singular | fermest | fermedest |
| 3rd-person singular | fermeth | fermed |
| subjunctive singular | ferme | fermed |
| imperative singular | ferme | — |
| plural$^1$ | fermen, ferme | fermeden, fermede |
| imperative plural | fermeth, ferme | — |
| participles | fermynge, fermende | fermed |
$^1$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

##### Descendants

* English: farm
* Scots: ferm

##### References

* “fermen, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Old French fermer, from Latin firmō, firmāre; equivalent to ferme (“firm”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

#### Alternative forms

* ferme, fermye

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɛrmən/

#### Verb

fermen
* To make firm or strong.
* To affirm; to confirm.

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) fermen, ferme | (to) fermen, ferme |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | ferme | fermed |
| 2nd-person singular | fermest | fermedest |
| 3rd-person singular | fermeth | fermed |
| subjunctive singular | ferme | fermed |
| imperative singular | ferme | — |
| plural$^1$ | fermen, ferme | fermeden, fermede |
| imperative plural | fermeth, ferme | — |
| participles | fermynge, fermende | fermed |
$^1$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

##### Related terms

* affermen
* confermen

##### Descendants

* English: firm
* Scots: firm

##### References

* “fermen, v.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.