# 皮革
## Chinese

* 皮革 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 皮革 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pígé
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ ㄍㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pei$^4$ gaak$^3$ / pei$^4$ gaap$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phêr-kiak / phê-kek / phôe-kek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): puê$^5$ gêg$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pígé
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pígé
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^2$-ko$^2$
*** Yale: pí-gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyiger
*** Palladius: пигэ (pigɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi³⁵ kɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pei$^4$ gaak$^3$ / pei$^4$ gaap$^3$
*** Yale: pèih gaak / pèih gaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pei$^4$ gaak$^8$ / pei$^4$ gaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: péi$^4$ gag$^3$ / péi$^4$ gab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰei̯²¹ kaːk̚³/, /pʰei̯²¹ kaːp̚³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$皮夾／皮夹 皮革
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêr-kiak
*** Tâi-lô: phêr-kiak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰə²⁴⁻²² kiak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phê-kek
*** Tâi-lô: phê-kik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phe'keg
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰe²⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phôe-kek
*** Tâi-lô: phuê-kik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoe'keg
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰue¹³⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: puê$^5$ gêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuê kek
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kek̚²/
* Middle Chinese: bje keak
Rime :
| Character | 皮 | 革 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) | 麥 (119) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 符羈切 | 古核切 |
| Baxter | bje | keak |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠiᴇ/ | /kˠɛk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚiɛ/ | /kᵚæk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɛ/ | /kɐk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bjiə̆/ | /kəɨjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /bje/ | /kɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /bǐe/ | /kæk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱie̯/ | /kæk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pí | ge |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pei$^4$ | gak$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-[p](r)aj kˤrək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bral krɯːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 皮 | 革 | 革 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pí | gé | gé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bje › | ‹ kɛk › | ‹ kɛk › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-[p](r)aj/ | /*kˁrək/ | /*kˁrək/ |
| English | skin | hide, skin | change (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 皮 | 革 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9711 | 3835 |
| Phonetic component | 皮 | 革 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 皮 | 隔 |
| Old Chinese | /*bral/ | /*krɯːɡ/ |

### Noun

皮革
* leather; hide

#### Related terms

* 毛皮 (máopí)
* 獸皮／兽皮 (shòupí)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 皮(ひ)革(かく) (hikaku)
* → Korean: 피혁(皮革) (pihyeok)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 皮 | 革 |
| ひ Grade: 3 | かく Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひかく [hìkákú] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) ひかく [hìkáꜜkù] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [çi̥ka̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

皮(ひ)革(かく) • (hikaku)
* leather, hide (skin of an animal)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN