# 落成
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luòchéng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lok$^6$ sing$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lo̍k-sṳ̀n
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k-sêng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luòchéng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luòchéng
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^4$-chʻêng$^2$
*** Yale: lwò-chéng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luohcherng
*** Palladius: лочэн (ločɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lok$^6$ sing$^4$
*** Yale: lohk sìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lok$^9$ sing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: log$^6$ xing$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔːk̚² sɪŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lo̍k-sṳ̀n
*** Hakka Romanization System: log siin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: log$^6$ sin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lok̚⁵ sɨn¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k-sêng
*** Tâi-lô: lo̍k-sîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: logseeng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴⁻² siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ siɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²³/

### Verb

落成
* (of a construction project) to be completed

#### Synonyms

* 完工 (wángōng)
* 竣工 (jùngōng)
* 結項／结项 (jiéxiàng)

#### Derived terms

* 落成典禮／落成典礼

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 落 | 成 |
| らく Grade: 3 | せい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) らくせー [ràkúséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾa̠kɯ̟̊se̞ː]

### Noun

落(らく)成(せい) • (rakusei)
* completion, especially of construction of a building
    Synonyms: 竣成 (shunsei), 竣工 (shunkō)
    Antonyms: 起工 (kikō), 着工 (chakkō)
    Hypernym: 完了 (kanryō, “completion”)

#### Derived terms

* 落成式(らくせいしき) (rakuseishiki)

### Verb

落(らく)成(せい)する • (rakusei suru) intransitive suru (stem 落(らく)成(せい)し (rakusei shi), past 落(らく)成(せい)した (rakusei shita))
* to complete construction

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 落成し | らくせいし | rakusei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 落成し | らくせいし | rakusei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 落成する | らくせいする | rakusei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 落成する | らくせいする | rakusei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 落成すれ | らくせいすれ | rakusei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 落成せよ¹ 落成しろ² | らくせいせよ¹ らくせいしろ² | rakusei seyo¹ rakusei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 落成される | らくせいされる | rakusei sareru |
| Causative | 落成させる 落成さす | らくせいさせる らくせいさす | rakusei saseru rakusei sasu |
| Potential | 落成できる | らくせいできる | rakusei dekiru |
| Volitional | 落成しよう | らくせいしよう | rakusei shiyō |
| Negative | 落成しない | らくせいしない | rakusei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 落成せず | らくせいせず | rakusei sezu |
| Formal | 落成します | らくせいします | rakusei shimasu |
| Perfective | 落成した | らくせいした | rakusei shita |
| Conjunctive | 落成して | らくせいして | rakusei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 落成すれば | らくせいすれば | rakusei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN