# 無賴
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wúlài
    (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ ㄌㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mou$^4$ laai$^{6-2}$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vù-lai
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bû-lāi / bû-nāi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wúlài
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˊ ㄌㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wúlài
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^2$-lai$^4$
*** Yale: wú-lài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wulay
*** Palladius: улай (ulaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /u³⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^4$ laai$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: mòuh láai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^4$ laai$^{6-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^4$ lai$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯²¹ laːi̯²²⁻³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vù-lai
*** Hakka Romanization System: vu$^ˇ$ lai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vu$^2$ lai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /vu¹¹ lai̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-lāi
*** Tâi-lô: bû-lāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bulai
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bu¹³⁻²² lai²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bu²⁴⁻²² lai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bu²⁴⁻²² lai²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-nāi
*** Tâi-lô: bû-nāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bunai
*** IPA (Taipei): /bu²⁴⁻¹¹ nãi³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu²³⁻³³ nãi³³/
* Middle Chinese: mju lajH
Rime :
| Character | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 泰 (25) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 武夫切 | 落蓋切 |
| Baxter | mju | lajH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mɨo/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mio/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mio/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /muə̆/ | /laj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /mio/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭu/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /mi̯u/ | /lɑi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wú | lài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mou$^4$ | laai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ma|mo rˤa[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ma raːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 無 | 無 | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wú | wú | wú | lài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mju › | ‹ mju › | ‹ mju › | ‹ laj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*ma/ | /*ma/ | /*mo/ | /*rˁa[t]-s/ |
| English | not have | volitional prefix | don’t | depend on |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13117 | 7631 |
| Phonetic component | 無 | 賴 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 無 | 賴 |
| Old Chinese | /*ma/ | /*raːds/ |
| Notes | | 本從剌聲 |

### Adjective

無賴
* unscrupulous; dishonourable
* rude and unreasonable
* (literary) bored

#### Synonyms

* (bored): 無聊／无聊 (wúliáo), (Hokkien) 無想俗／无想俗

### Noun

無賴
* lowlife; scumbag; scoundrel

#### Synonyms

* 惡棍／恶棍 (ègùn)
* 木克 ($^8$moq-kheq) (Wu, male)
* 歹囝 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 歹狗 (Hokkien)
* 歹狗仔 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 歹蟲／歹虫 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 流氓 (liúmáng)
* 流飛／流飞 ($^6$lieu-fi) (Wu)
* 混混 (hùnhùn)
* 溜娃子 (Urumqi Mandarin)
* 溜溜子 (Urumqi Mandarin)
* 玩鬧／玩闹 (wánnào) (regional, colloquial)
* 痞子 (pǐzi)
* 阿飛／阿飞 (āfēi) (colloquial)
* 霎仔 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 鱸鰻／鲈鳗 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 鱸鰻田穿／鲈鳗田穿 (Quanzhou Hokkien)

### Derived terms

* 耍無賴／耍无赖 (shuǎ wúlài)