# ϩⲱⲥ
## Coptic
### Verb

ϩⲱⲥ • (hōs)
* (Bohairic) to sing

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲱⲥ hōs | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲱⲥ hōs |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲱⲥ štemhōs | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϩⲱⲥ m̀perhōs |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲱⲥ tihōs | ⲕϩⲱⲥ khōs | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ tehōs | ϥϩⲱⲥ fhōs | ⲥϩⲱⲥ shōs | ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ tenhōs | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ tetenhōs | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲥ sehōs | ϩⲱⲥ hōs |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϩⲱⲥ eihōs | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ ekhōs | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ erehōs | ⲉϥϩⲱⲥ efhōs | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ eshōs | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ enhōs | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ eretenhōs | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲥ euhōs | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ere- hōs |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲱⲥ etihōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ etekhōs | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ etehōs | ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ etefhōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ eteshōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etenhōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etetenhōs | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ etouhōs | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ete- hōs |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ naihōs | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ nakhōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ narehōs | ⲛⲁϥϩⲱⲥ nafhōs | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ nashōs | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ nanhōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ naretenhōs | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ nauhōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ nare- hōs |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ aihōs | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ akhōs | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ arehōs | ⲁϥϩⲱⲥ afhōs | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ ashōs | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ anhōs | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ aretenhōs | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ auhōs | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ are- hōs |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ tinahōs | ⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ khnahōs | ⲧⲉⲣⲁϩⲱⲥ terahōs | ϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ fnahōs | ⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ snahōs | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ tennahōs | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ tetennahōs | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ senahōs | ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nahōs |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ einahōs | ⲉⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ekhnahōs | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ erenahōs | ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ efnahōs | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ esnahōs | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ennahōs | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ eretennahōs | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ eunahōs | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ere- nahōs |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etinahōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etekhnahōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etenahōs | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etefnahōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etesnahōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etennahōs | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etetennahōs | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ etounahōs | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ete- nahōs |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nainahōs | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nakhnahōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ narenahōs | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nafnahōs | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nasnahōs | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nannahōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ naretennahōs | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ naunahōs | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ nare- nahōs |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ainahōs | ⲁⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ akhnahōs | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ arenahōs | ⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ afnahōs | ⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ asnahōs | ⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ annahōs | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ aretennahōs | ⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ aunahōs | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ are- nahōs |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ aihōs | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ akhōs | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ arehōs | ⲁϥϩⲱⲥ afhōs | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ ashōs | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ anhōs | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ atetenhōs | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ auhōs | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲥ a- hōs |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲥ m̀pihōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ m̀pekhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲥ m̀pehōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲥ m̀pefhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ m̀peshōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀penhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀petenhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ m̀pouhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ m̀pe- hōs |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ eaihōs | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ eakhōs | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ earehōs | ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲥ eafhōs | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ eashōs | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ eanhōs | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ eatetenhōs | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ eauhōs | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲥ ea- hōs |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲥ em̀pihōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ em̀pekhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲥ em̀pehōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲥ em̀pefhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ em̀peshōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀penhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀petenhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ em̀pouhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ em̀pe- hōs |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ etaihōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ etakhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ etarehōs | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲥ etafhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ etashōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ etanhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etaretenhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ etauhōs | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲥ eta- hōs |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲥ etm̀pihōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ etm̀pekhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲥ etm̀pehōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲥ etm̀pefhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ etm̀peshōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀penhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀petenhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ etm̀pouhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ etm̀pe- hōs |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ neaihōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ neakhōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ nearehōs | ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲥ neafhōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ neashōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ neanhōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ neatetenhōs | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ neauhōs | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲥ nea- hōs |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲥ nem̀pihōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ nem̀pekhōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲥ nem̀pehōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲥ nem̀pefhōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ nem̀peshōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ nem̀penhōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ nem̀petenhōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ nem̀pouhōs | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ nem̀pe- hōs |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ etaihōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ etakhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ etarehōs | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲥ etafhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ etashōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ etanhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etaretenhōs | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ etauhōs | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲥ eta- hōs |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲥ m̀patihōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ m̀patekhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ m̀patehōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ m̀patefhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ m̀pateshōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀patenhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀patetenhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ m̀patouhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ m̀pate- hōs |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲥ em̀patihōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ em̀patekhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ em̀patehōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ em̀patefhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ em̀pateshōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀patenhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀patetenhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ em̀patouhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ em̀pate- hōs |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲥ etm̀patihōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ etm̀patekhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ etm̀patehōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ etm̀patefhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ etm̀pateshōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀patenhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀patetenhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ etm̀patouhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ etm̀pate- hōs |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲥ nam̀patihōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ nam̀patekhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ nam̀patehōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ nam̀patefhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ nam̀pateshōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ nam̀patenhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ nam̀patetenhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ nam̀patouhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ nam̀pate- hōs |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ šaihōs | ϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ šakhōs | ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ šarehōs | ϣⲁϥϩⲱⲥ šafhōs | ϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ šashōs | ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ šanhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ šatetenhōs | ϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ šauhōs | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ šare- hōs |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ m̀paihōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ m̀pakhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ m̀parehōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲥ m̀pafhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ m̀pashōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀panhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀paretenhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ m̀pauhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ m̀pare- hōs |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ ešaihōs | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ ešakhōs | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ ešarehōs | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲥ ešafhōs | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ ešashōs | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ ešanhōs | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ešatetenhōs | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ ešauhōs | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ešare- hōs |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ em̀paihōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ em̀pakhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ em̀parehōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲥ em̀pafhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ em̀pashōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀panhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀paretenhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ em̀pauhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ em̀pare- hōs |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ etšaihōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ etšakhōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ etšarehōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥϩⲱⲥ etšafhōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ etšashōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ etšanhōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etšatetenhōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ etšauhōs | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ etšare- hōs |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ etm̀paihōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ etm̀pakhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ etm̀parehōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲥ etm̀pafhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ etm̀pashōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀panhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ etm̀paretenhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ etm̀pauhōs | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ etm̀pare- hōs |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ našaihōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ našakhōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ našarehōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥϩⲱⲥ našafhōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ našashōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ našanhōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ našatetenhōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ našauhōs | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ našare- hōs |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ nam̀paihōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ nam̀pakhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ nam̀parehōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲥ nam̀pafhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ nam̀pashōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ nam̀panhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ nam̀paretenhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ nam̀pauhōs | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ nam̀pare- hōs |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ em̀paihōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ em̀pakhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ em̀parehōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲥ em̀pafhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ em̀pashōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀panhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ em̀paretenhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ em̀pauhōs | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ em̀pare- hōs |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϩⲱⲥ eiehōs | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲱⲥ ekehōs | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ erehōs | ⲉϥⲉϩⲱⲥ efehōs | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲱⲥ esehōs | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲥ enehōs | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲥ eretenehōs | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲱⲥ euehōs | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ere- hōs |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϩⲱⲥ ǹnahōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ ǹnekhōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϩⲱⲥ ǹnehōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲥ ǹnefhōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ ǹneshōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ǹnenhōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ǹnetenhōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ ǹnouhōs | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ǹne- hōs |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲥ marihōs | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲥ marefhōs | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ mareshōs | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ marenhōs | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ marouhōs | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ mare- hōs |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϩⲱⲥ m̀penthrihōs | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲥ m̀penthrefhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ m̀penthreshōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ m̀penthrenhōs | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲥ m̀penthreuhōs | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ m̀penthre- hōs |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϩⲱⲥ ǹtahōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ ǹtekhōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ ǹtehōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ ǹtefhōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ ǹteshōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ǹtenhōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ǹtetenhōs | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϩⲱⲥ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ ǹsehōs, ǹtouhōs | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ ǹte- hōs |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲥ tarihōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ tarekhōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ tarehōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲥ tarefhōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ tareshōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ tarenhōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ taretenhōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ tarouhōs | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ tare- hōs |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϩⲱⲥ šatihōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲥ šatekhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲥ šatehōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲥ šatefhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲥ šateshōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ šatenhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ šatetenhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲥ šatouhōs | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ šate- hōs |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ aišanhōs | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ akšanhōs | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ arešanhōs | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ afšanhōs | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ asšanhōs | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ anšanhōs | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ aretenšanhōs | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ aušanhōs | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲱⲥ arešan- hōs |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ aihōs | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ akhōs | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ arehōs | ⲁϥϩⲱⲥ afhōs | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ ashōs | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ anhōs | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ aretenhōs | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ auhōs | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲥ are- hōs |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

#### Derived terms

* ϫⲓⲛϩⲱⲥ (činhōs)

### Preposition

ϩⲱⲥ • (hōs)
* (Sahidic) like, as if.