# 牸牛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìniú
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄋㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ ngau$^4$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zi$^5$ nyiou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìniú
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄋㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhnióu
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-niu$^2$
*** Yale: dz̀-nyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhniou
*** Palladius: цзыню (czynju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ ngau$^4$
*** Yale: jih ngàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ ngau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ ngeo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² ŋɐu̯²¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^5$ nyiou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡si²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

### Noun

牸牛
* (literary or dialectal) female cow
    From: Shuoyuan, circa 1st century BCE
    Chén qǐng chén zhī, chén gù xù zìniú shēng zǐ ér dà, mài zhī ér mǎi jū, shàonián yuē: ‘Niú bùnéng shēng mǎ.’ Suì chí jū qù. Bànglín wén zhī, yǐ chén wèi yú, gù míng cǐ gǔ wèi yúgōng zhī gǔ. [Pinyin]
    Allow me to explain! I once raised a cow who birthed a calf, who grew up later; I sold it and bought a colt. A youth said: "A cow cannot birth a horse." Then he took the colt and left. My neighbors heard that and took me as foolish; therefore this valley is named Foolish Old Man's Valley.
    From: Duan Chengshi, Youyang Zazu", published in 9th century CE
    Jiānkūn bùluò fēi láng zhǒng, qí xiān suǒshēng zhī kū zài qūmàn shān běi. Zìwèi shàngdài yǒu shén yǔ zìniú jiāo yú cǐ kū. [Pinyin]
    The Jiankun tribe are not the wolf-kin(s) (i.e. Tujue or/and Gaoche); their ancestor had been born in a cave north of Mount Quman. They themselves say that of yore a god and a cow mated in that cave.
* (Xiang) young female cow

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 牯, 牝牛 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 母牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 母牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 母牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 乳牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 乳牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 乳牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 乳牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 母牛, 乳牛, 女牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 女牛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 氏牛, 母牛 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 牸牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 母牛, 牸牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 騇牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 兕牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 母牛, 乳牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 乳牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 母牛, 牸牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 乳牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 乳牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 乳牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 乳牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 乳牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 母牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 母牛, 騇牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 母牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 母牛, 牸牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 母牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 母牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 母牛, 牛婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 母牛, 騇牛 suburbs |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 牸牛, 母牛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 母牛, 牸牛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 母牛, 騇牛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 騇牛 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 牛乸, 牛牸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 牛乸, 牛牸 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 牛乸, 牛牸 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 母牛 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 母牛 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 牛乸 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 牛乸 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 牛婆 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 牛𡡉, 𡡉兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 牛婆, 牛婆子, 牸牛, 牛牸 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 牛乸, 牛牸 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 牛嫲, 牛牸仔 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 牛乸, 牛嫲, 牛雌 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 牛嫲, 牛牸 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 牛乸 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Changting | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 牛婆 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 牛婆 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 牛婆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 牛牳婆 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 牛嫲 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 牛嫲 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 牛婆 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 母牛 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 母牛 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 雌牛, 母牛 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 母牛 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 母牛 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 母牛, 兕牛子 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 母牛 |
| Jin | Linhe | 乳牛 |
| Jin | Jining | 母牛 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 乳牛 |
| Jin | Baotou | 母牛 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 乳牛 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 乳牛 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 牛嫲 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 牛嫲 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 牛嫲 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 牛嫲 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 牛嫲 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 牛母 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 牛母, 牛種仔 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 母牛 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 牛母 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 牛母 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 牛母 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 牛母 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 母牛 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 雌牛 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 雌牛 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 母牛 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 雌牛 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 雌牛 |
| Wu | Danyang | 母牛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 母牛 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 牛娘, 雌牛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 牛娘, 牛牸, 草嘅牛 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 雌牛, 牸牛 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 牛婆子, 牛婆 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 牛婆子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 牛婆子, 牸牛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 牛婆子, 牸牛 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 牛婆 |
* (young female cow): (Hakka) 牛牸; (Xiang) 牸牛子