# hlamba
## Fanagalo
### Etymology

From Zulu -hlamba, from Proto-Bantu *-càmba.

### Verb

hlamba
* to wash

## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-càmba.

### Verb

-hlamba
* to swim

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-càmba.

### Verb

-hlamba
* to wash

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-càmba.

### Verb

-hlamba
* (transitive) to wash (parts of the body)
    Synonyms: -geza, -hlanza
* (intransitive) to swim
    Synonym: -bhukuda

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuhlamba |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuhlamba | ukungahlambi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | hlamba | -hlambe |
| Plural | hlambani | -hlambeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyahlamba, ngihlamba | engihlambayo, engihlamba | ngihlamba | angihlambi | engingahlambi | ngingahlambi |
| 2nd singular | uyahlamba, uhlamba | ohlambayo, ohlamba | uhlamba | awuhlambi | ongahlambi | ungahlambi |
| 1st plural | siyahlamba, sihlamba | esihlambayo, esihlamba | sihlamba | asihlambi | esingahlambi | singahlambi |
| 2nd plural | niyahlamba, nihlamba | enihlambayo, enihlamba | nihlamba | anihlambi | eningahlambi | ningahlambi |
| Class 1 | uyahlamba, uhlamba | ohlambayo, ohlamba | ehlamba | akahlambi | ongahlambi | engahlambi |
| Class 2 | bayahlamba, bahlamba | abahlambayo, abahlamba | behlamba | abahlambi | abangahlambi | bengahlambi |
| Class 3 | uyahlamba, uhlamba | ohlambayo, ohlamba | uhlamba | awuhlambi | ongahlambi | ungahlambi |
| Class 4 | iyahlamba, ihlamba | ehlambayo, ehlamba | ihlamba | ayihlambi | engahlambi | ingahlambi |
| Class 5 | liyahlamba, lihlamba | elihlambayo, elihlamba | lihlamba | alihlambi | elingahlambi | lingahlambi |
| Class 6 | ayahlamba, ahlamba | ahlambayo, ahlamba | ehlamba | awahlambi | angahlambi | engahlambi |
| Class 7 | siyahlamba, sihlamba | esihlambayo, esihlamba | sihlamba | asihlambi | esingahlambi | singahlambi |
| Class 8 | ziyahlamba, zihlamba | ezihlambayo, ezihlamba | zihlamba | azihlambi | ezingahlambi | zingahlambi |
| Class 9 | iyahlamba, ihlamba | ehlambayo, ehlamba | ihlamba | ayihlambi | engahlambi | ingahlambi |
| Class 10 | ziyahlamba, zihlamba | ezihlambayo, ezihlamba | zihlamba | azihlambi | ezingahlambi | zingahlambi |
| Class 11 | luyahlamba, luhlamba | oluhlambayo, oluhlamba | luhlamba | aluhlambi | olungahlambi | lungahlambi |
| Class 14 | buyahlamba, buhlamba | obuhlambayo, obuhlamba | buhlamba | abuhlambi | obungahlambi | bungahlambi |
| Class 15 | kuyahlamba, kuhlamba | okuhlambayo, okuhlamba | kuhlamba | akuhlambi | okungahlambi | kungahlambi |
| Class 17 | kuyahlamba, kuhlamba | okuhlambayo, okuhlamba | kuhlamba | akuhlambi | okungahlambi | kungahlambi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngihlambile, ngihlambē | engihlambile, engihlambē | ngihlambile, ngihlambē | angihlambanga | engingahlambanga | ngingahlambanga |
| 2nd singular | uhlambile, uhlambē | ohlambile, ohlambē | uhlambile, uhlambē | awuhlambanga | ongahlambanga | ungahlambanga |
| 1st plural | sihlambile, sihlambē | esihlambile, esihlambē | sihlambile, sihlambē | asihlambanga | esingahlambanga | singahlambanga |
| 2nd plural | nihlambile, nihlambē | enihlambile, enihlambē | nihlambile, nihlambē | anihlambanga | eningahlambanga | ningahlambanga |
| Class 1 | uhlambile, uhlambē | ohlambile, ohlambē | ehlambile, ehlambē | akahlambanga | ongahlambanga | engahlambanga |
| Class 2 | bahlambile, bahlambē | abahlambile, abahlambē | behlambile, behlambē | abahlambanga | abangahlambanga | bengahlambanga |
| Class 3 | uhlambile, uhlambē | ohlambile, ohlambē | uhlambile, uhlambē | awuhlambanga | ongahlambanga | ungahlambanga |
| Class 4 | ihlambile, ihlambē | ehlambile, ehlambē | ihlambile, ihlambē | ayihlambanga | engahlambanga | ingahlambanga |
| Class 5 | lihlambile, lihlambē | elihlambile, elihlambē | lihlambile, lihlambē | alihlambanga | elingahlambanga | lingahlambanga |
| Class 6 | ahlambile, ahlambē | ahlambile, ahlambē | ehlambile, ehlambē | awahlambanga | angahlambanga | engahlambanga |
| Class 7 | sihlambile, sihlambē | esihlambile, esihlambē | sihlambile, sihlambē | asihlambanga | esingahlambanga | singahlambanga |
| Class 8 | zihlambile, zihlambē | ezihlambile, ezihlambē | zihlambile, zihlambē | azihlambanga | ezingahlambanga | zingahlambanga |
| Class 9 | ihlambile, ihlambē | ehlambile, ehlambē | ihlambile, ihlambē | ayihlambanga | engahlambanga | ingahlambanga |
| Class 10 | zihlambile, zihlambē | ezihlambile, ezihlambē | zihlambile, zihlambē | azihlambanga | ezingahlambanga | zingahlambanga |
| Class 11 | luhlambile, luhlambē | oluhlambile, oluhlambē | luhlambile, luhlambē | aluhlambanga | olungahlambanga | lungahlambanga |
| Class 14 | buhlambile, buhlambē | obuhlambile, obuhlambē | buhlambile, buhlambē | abuhlambanga | obungahlambanga | bungahlambanga |
| Class 15 | kuhlambile, kuhlambē | okuhlambile, okuhlambē | kuhlambile, kuhlambē | akuhlambanga | okungahlambanga | kungahlambanga |
| Class 17 | kuhlambile, kuhlambē | okuhlambile, okuhlambē | kuhlambile, kuhlambē | akuhlambanga | okungahlambanga | kungahlambanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāhlamba | engāhlamba | ngāhlamba | angihlambanga | engingahlambanga | ngingahlambanga |
| 2nd singular | wāhlamba | owāhlamba | wāhlamba | awuhlambanga | ongahlambanga | ungahlambanga |
| 1st plural | sāhlamba | esāhlamba | sāhlamba | asihlambanga | esingahlambanga | singahlambanga |
| 2nd plural | nāhlamba | enāhlamba | nāhlamba | anihlambanga | eningahlambanga | ningahlambanga |
| Class 1 | wāhlamba | owāhlamba | āhlamba | akahlambanga | ongahlambanga | engahlambanga |
| Class 2 | bāhlamba | abāhlamba | bāhlamba | abahlambanga | abangahlambanga | bengahlambanga |
| Class 3 | wāhlamba | owāhlamba | wāhlamba | awuhlambanga | ongahlambanga | ungahlambanga |
| Class 4 | yāhlamba | eyāhlamba | yāhlamba | ayihlambanga | engahlambanga | ingahlambanga |
| Class 5 | lāhlamba | elāhlamba | lāhlamba | alihlambanga | elingahlambanga | lingahlambanga |
| Class 6 | āhlamba | āhlamba | āhlamba | awahlambanga | angahlambanga | engahlambanga |
| Class 7 | sāhlamba | esāhlamba | sāhlamba | asihlambanga | esingahlambanga | singahlambanga |
| Class 8 | zāhlamba | ezāhlamba | zāhlamba | azihlambanga | ezingahlambanga | zingahlambanga |
| Class 9 | yāhlamba | eyāhlamba | yāhlamba | ayihlambanga | engahlambanga | ingahlambanga |
| Class 10 | zāhlamba | ezāhlamba | zāhlamba | azihlambanga | ezingahlambanga | zingahlambanga |
| Class 11 | lwāhlamba | olwāhlamba | lwāhlamba | aluhlambanga | olungahlambanga | lungahlambanga |
| Class 14 | bāhlamba | obāhlamba | bāhlamba | abuhlambanga | obungahlambanga | bungahlambanga |
| Class 15 | kwāhlamba | okwāhlamba | kwāhlamba | akuhlambanga | okungahlambanga | kungahlambanga |
| Class 17 | kwāhlamba | okwāhlamba | kwāhlamba | akuhlambanga | okungahlambanga | kungahlambanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingahlamba | — | ngingahlamba | ngingehlambe | — | ngingehlambe |
| 2nd singular | ungahlamba | — | ungahlamba | ungehlambe | — | ungehlambe |
| 1st plural | singahlamba | — | singahlamba | singehlambe | — | singehlambe |
| 2nd plural | ningahlamba | — | ningahlamba | ningehlambe | — | ningehlambe |
| Class 1 | angahlamba | — | engahlamba | angehlambe | — | engehlambe |
| Class 2 | bangahlamba | — | bengahlamba | bangehlambe | — | bengehlambe |
| Class 3 | ungahlamba | — | ungahlamba | ungehlambe | — | ungehlambe |
| Class 4 | ingahlamba | — | ingahlamba | ingehlambe | — | ingehlambe |
| Class 5 | lingahlamba | — | lingahlamba | lingehlambe | — | lingehlambe |
| Class 6 | angahlamba | — | engahlamba | angehlambe | — | engehlambe |
| Class 7 | singahlamba | — | singahlamba | singehlambe | — | singehlambe |
| Class 8 | zingahlamba | — | zingahlamba | zingehlambe | — | zingehlambe |
| Class 9 | ingahlamba | — | ingahlamba | ingehlambe | — | ingehlambe |
| Class 10 | zingahlamba | — | zingahlamba | zingehlambe | — | zingehlambe |
| Class 11 | lungahlamba | — | lungahlamba | lungehlambe | — | lungehlambe |
| Class 14 | bungahlamba | — | bungahlamba | bungehlambe | — | bungehlambe |
| Class 15 | kungahlamba | — | kungahlamba | kungehlambe | — | kungehlambe |
| Class 17 | kungahlamba | — | kungahlamba | kungehlambe | — | kungehlambe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizohlamba | engizohlamba | ngizohlamba | angizuhlamba | engingezuhlamba | ngingezuhlamba |
| 2nd singular | uzohlamba | ozohlamba | uzohlamba | awuzuhlamba | ongezuhlamba | ungezuhlamba |
| 1st plural | sizohlamba | esizohlamba | sizohlamba | asizuhlamba | esingezuhlamba | singezuhlamba |
| 2nd plural | nizohlamba | enizohlamba | nizohlamba | anizuhlamba | eningezuhlamba | ningezuhlamba |
| Class 1 | uzohlamba | ozohlamba | ezohlamba | akazuhlamba | ongezuhlamba | engezuhlamba |
| Class 2 | bazohlamba | abazohlamba | bezohlamba | abazuhlamba | abangezuhlamba | bengezuhlamba |
| Class 3 | uzohlamba | ozohlamba | uzohlamba | awuzuhlamba | ongezuhlamba | ungezuhlamba |
| Class 4 | izohlamba | ezohlamba | izohlamba | ayizuhlamba | engezuhlamba | ingezuhlamba |
| Class 5 | lizohlamba | elizohlamba | lizohlamba | alizuhlamba | elingezuhlamba | lingezuhlamba |
| Class 6 | azohlamba | azohlamba | ezohlamba | awazuhlamba | angezuhlamba | engezuhlamba |
| Class 7 | sizohlamba | esizohlamba | sizohlamba | asizuhlamba | esingezuhlamba | singezuhlamba |
| Class 8 | zizohlamba | ezizohlamba | zizohlamba | azizuhlamba | ezingezuhlamba | zingezuhlamba |
| Class 9 | izohlamba | ezohlamba | izohlamba | ayizuhlamba | engezuhlamba | ingezuhlamba |
| Class 10 | zizohlamba | ezizohlamba | zizohlamba | azizuhlamba | ezingezuhlamba | zingezuhlamba |
| Class 11 | luzohlamba | oluzohlamba | luzohlamba | aluzuhlamba | olungezuhlamba | lungezuhlamba |
| Class 14 | buzohlamba | obuzohlamba | buzohlamba | abuzuhlamba | obungezuhlamba | bungezuhlamba |
| Class 15 | kuzohlamba | okuzohlamba | kuzohlamba | akuzuhlamba | okungezuhlamba | kungezuhlamba |
| Class 17 | kuzohlamba | okuzohlamba | kuzohlamba | akuzuhlamba | okungezuhlamba | kungezuhlamba |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyohlamba | engiyohlamba | ngiyohlamba | angiyuhlamba | engingeyuhlamba | ngingeyuhlamba |
| 2nd singular | uyohlamba | oyohlamba | uyohlamba | awuyuhlamba | ongeyuhlamba | ungeyuhlamba |
| 1st plural | siyohlamba | esiyohlamba | siyohlamba | asiyuhlamba | esingeyuhlamba | singeyuhlamba |
| 2nd plural | niyohlamba | eniyohlamba | niyohlamba | aniyuhlamba | eningeyuhlamba | ningeyuhlamba |
| Class 1 | uyohlamba | oyohlamba | eyohlamba | akayuhlamba | ongeyuhlamba | engeyuhlamba |
| Class 2 | bayohlamba | abayohlamba | beyohlamba | abayuhlamba | abangeyuhlamba | bengeyuhlamba |
| Class 3 | uyohlamba | oyohlamba | uyohlamba | awuyuhlamba | ongeyuhlamba | ungeyuhlamba |
| Class 4 | iyohlamba | eyohlamba | iyohlamba | ayiyuhlamba | engeyuhlamba | ingeyuhlamba |
| Class 5 | liyohlamba | eliyohlamba | liyohlamba | aliyuhlamba | elingeyuhlamba | lingeyuhlamba |
| Class 6 | ayohlamba | ayohlamba | eyohlamba | awayuhlamba | angeyuhlamba | engeyuhlamba |
| Class 7 | siyohlamba | esiyohlamba | siyohlamba | asiyuhlamba | esingeyuhlamba | singeyuhlamba |
| Class 8 | ziyohlamba | eziyohlamba | ziyohlamba | aziyuhlamba | ezingeyuhlamba | zingeyuhlamba |
| Class 9 | iyohlamba | eyohlamba | iyohlamba | ayiyuhlamba | engeyuhlamba | ingeyuhlamba |
| Class 10 | ziyohlamba | eziyohlamba | ziyohlamba | aziyuhlamba | ezingeyuhlamba | zingeyuhlamba |
| Class 11 | luyohlamba | oluyohlamba | luyohlamba | aluyuhlamba | olungeyuhlamba | lungeyuhlamba |
| Class 14 | buyohlamba | obuyohlamba | buyohlamba | abuyuhlamba | obungeyuhlamba | bungeyuhlamba |
| Class 15 | kuyohlamba | okuyohlamba | kuyohlamba | akuyuhlamba | okungeyuhlamba | kungeyuhlamba |
| Class 17 | kuyohlamba | okuyohlamba | kuyohlamba | akuyuhlamba | okungeyuhlamba | kungeyuhlamba |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngihlambe | ngingahlambi |
| 2nd singular | uhlambe | ungahlambi |
| 1st plural | sihlambe | singahlambi |
| 2nd plural | nihlambe | ningahlambi |
| Class 1 | ahlambe | angahlambi |
| Class 2 | bahlambe | bangahlambi |
| Class 3 | uhlambe | ungahlambi |
| Class 4 | ihlambe | ingahlambi |
| Class 5 | lihlambe | lingahlambi |
| Class 6 | ahlambe | angahlambi |
| Class 7 | sihlambe | singahlambi |
| Class 8 | zihlambe | zingahlambi |
| Class 9 | ihlambe | ingahlambi |
| Class 10 | zihlambe | zingahlambi |
| Class 11 | luhlambe | lungahlambi |
| Class 14 | buhlambe | bungahlambi |
| Class 15 | kuhlambe | kungahlambi |
| Class 17 | kuhlambe | kungahlambi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngahlamba | ngangahlamba, angahlamba, angangahlamba |
| 2nd singular | wahlamba | wangahlamba, awahlamba, awangahlamba |
| 1st plural | sahlamba | sangahlamba, asahlamba, asangahlamba |
| 2nd plural | nahlamba | nangahlamba, anahlamba, anangahlamba |
| Class 1 | wahlamba | wangahlamba, akahlamba, akangahlamba |
| Class 2 | bahlamba | bangahlamba, abahlamba, abangahlamba |
| Class 3 | wahlamba | wangahlamba, awahlamba, awangahlamba |
| Class 4 | yahlamba | yangahlamba, ayahlamba, ayangahlamba |
| Class 5 | lahlamba | langahlamba, alahlamba, alangahlamba |
| Class 6 | ahlamba | angahlamba, awahlamba, awangahlamba |
| Class 7 | sahlamba | sangahlamba, asahlamba, asangahlamba |
| Class 8 | zahlamba | zangahlamba, azahlamba, azangahlamba |
| Class 9 | yahlamba | yangahlamba, ayahlamba, ayangahlamba |
| Class 10 | zahlamba | zangahlamba, azahlamba, azangahlamba |
| Class 11 | lwahlamba | lwangahlamba, alwahlamba, alwangahlamba |
| Class 14 | bahlamba | bangahlamba, abahlamba, abangahlamba |
| Class 15 | kwahlamba | kwangahlamba, akwahlamba, akwangahlamba |
| Class 17 | kwahlamba | kwangahlamba, akwahlamba, akwangahlamba |

#### Related terms

* -hlanza

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlamba”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlamba (6.3)”