# 嫦娥
## Chinese

* 嫦娥 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 嫦娥 (Cantonese)
* Sông-ngô (Hakka)
* Siông-gô (Southern Min)
* 嫦娥 (Wu)
* Chang'e (English)

### Etymology

Euphemistic form of 姮娥 (Héng'é) from the Han dynasty, since 姮 (héng) is homophonous with 恆／恒 (héng), the personal name of Emperor Wen of Han.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Cháng'é
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^4$ ngo$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Sòng-ngò
* Eastern Min (BUC): Siòng-ngò̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Siông-gô / Siông-ngô͘ / Siâng-ngô͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siang$^5$ ngo$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Cháng'é
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Cháng-é
*** Wade–Giles: Chʻang$^2$-o$^2$
*** Yale: Cháng-é
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Charnger
*** Palladius: Чанъэ (Čanʺe)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^4$ ngo$^4$
*** Yale: sèuhng ngòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^4$ ngo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^4$ ngo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ²¹ ŋɔː²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sòng-ngò
*** Hakka Romanization System: song$^ˇ$ ngo$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: song$^2$ ngo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /soŋ¹¹ ŋo¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Siòng-ngò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋo⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siông-gô
*** Tâi-lô: Siông-gô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sionggooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡo²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siông-ngô͘
*** Tâi-lô: Siông-ngôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siongngoo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siâng-ngô͘
*** Tâi-lô: Siâng-ngôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siangngoo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siang$^5$ ngo$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siâng ngô
*** Sinological IPA : /siaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋo⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dzyang nga
Rime :
| Character | 嫦 | 娥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 市羊切 | 五何切 |
| Baxter | dzyang | nga |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨɐŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɐŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiɑŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑɨaŋ/ | /ŋa/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiaŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭaŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯aŋ/ | /ŋɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháng | é |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^4$ | ngo$^4$ |

### Proper noun

嫦娥
* (Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon

#### Synonyms

* 廣寒仙子／广寒仙子
* (Hakka) 月華姊／月华姊

### Noun

嫦娥
* (figurative) moon
* (figurative) graceful, beautiful woman

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 嫦 | 娥 |
| じょう Hyōgai | が Hyōgai |
| goon ||

### Etymology

/d͡ʑjauɡa/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡa/ → /d͡ʑoːɡa/
From Middle Chinese 嫦娥 (MC dzyang nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).
The 呉音 (goon) pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
First cited in Japanese to a text from 827.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑo̞ːɡa̠]

### Proper noun

嫦(じょう)娥(が) • (Jōga)
* [from 827] (Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon
    Synonym: 姮娥 (Kōga)
* [from 827] (poetic) the moon

### References

* ↑ “嫦娥”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
   * Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
   * Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
   * Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
   * “嫦娥”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 嫦 | 娥 |

### Proper noun

嫦娥 • (Thường Nga)
* chữ Hán form of Thường Nga (“moon goddess”).