# 釘

| 釘 | U+91D8, &#37336; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91D8 |
| ← 釗 [U+91D7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 釙 → [U+91D9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

釘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金一弓 (CMN), four-corner 8112$_0$, composition ⿰釒丁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1296, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40159
* Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4169, character 2
* Unihan data for U+91D8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釘 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
Some theorize that 丁 (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character 釘／钉 was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element 金 (“metal”) added.

### Etymology 1

Related to 定 (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1.

#### “to die”

    Short for 釘蓋／钉盖.

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): dīng (ding$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дин (din, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): iang$^1$ / iang$^{1-4}$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): tâng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): dang$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tan / teng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dêng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ding
*** Wade–Giles: ting$^1$
*** Yale: dīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ding
*** Palladius: дин (din)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дин (din, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Yale: dēng / dīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: déng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛːŋ⁵⁵/, /tɪŋ⁵⁵/
* deng1 - vernacular;
* ding1 - literary (rare).
* Middle Chinese: teng
Rime :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 當經切 |
| Baxter | teng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /teŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /teŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /teŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /tieŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ding$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*teːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ teng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁeŋ/ |
| English | nail (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2379 |
| Phonetic component | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 丁 |
| Old Chinese | /*teːŋ/ |

##### Definitions

釘
* (obsolete, rare) gold slab
* nail (spike-shaped fastener)
* body piercing
    打舌釘／打舌钉 ― dǎ shédīng ― to get a tongue piercing
* to monitor; to urge
* Alternative form of 盯 (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”)
* Alternative form of 叮 (dīng, “to sting; to bite”)
* (literary) lamp

##### Compounds

* 吃釘子／吃钉子
* 吃釘板／吃钉板
* 命釘／命钉
* 咬釘嚼鐵／咬钉嚼铁
* 圖釘／图钉 (túdīng)
* 埋釘子／埋钉子
* 安釘子／安钉子
* 打補釘／打补钉
* 拔釘鎚／拔钉锤
* 撞釘子／撞钉子
* 斬釘截鐵／斩钉截铁 (zhǎndīngjiétiě)
* 木螺釘／木螺钉
* 橡皮釘子／橡皮钉子
* 玉釘／玉钉
* 眼中釘／眼中钉 (yǎnzhōngdīng)
* 碰釘子／碰钉子 (pèngdīngzi)
* 螞蝗釘／蚂蝗钉
* 螺絲釘／螺丝钉 (luósīdīng)
* 螺釘／螺钉 (luódīng)
* 軟釘子／软钉子
* 道釘／道钉
* 釘問／钉问
* 釘嘴鐵舌／钉嘴铁舌
* 釘子／钉子 (dīngzi)
* 釘子戶／钉子户 (dīngzihù)
* 釘耙／钉耙 (dīngpá)
* 釘鈀／钉钯
* 釘鈴鐺鋃／钉铃铛锒
* 釘錘／钉锤
* 釘鞋／钉鞋
* 釘頭／钉头 (dīngtóu)
* 釘頭文字／钉头文字
* 釘頭果／钉头果
* 釘齒耙／钉齿耙 (dīngchǐpá)
* 鉚釘／铆钉 (mǎodīng)
* 鉸釘／铰钉
* 鐵釘／铁钉 (tiědīng)
* 長命釘／长命钉
* 關了釘兒／关了钉儿
* 雞爪釘／鸡爪钉

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): dìng (ding$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄥˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дин (din, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): iang$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tang / tin / tâng
* Eastern Min (BUC): déng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tàn / tèng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dêng$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dìng
*** Wade–Giles: ting$^4$
*** Yale: dìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dinq
*** Palladius: дин (din)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дин (din, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Yale: dēng / dīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: deng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: déng$^1$ / ding$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛːŋ⁵⁵/, /tɪŋ⁵⁵/
* deng1 - vernacular;
* ding1 - literary (rare).
* Middle Chinese: tengH
Rime :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 丁定切 |
| Baxter | tengH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /teŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /teŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /teŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tieŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tieŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ding$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤeŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*teːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dìng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ teng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁeŋ-s/ |
| English | nail (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 釘 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 2393 |
| Phonetic component | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 矴 |
| Old Chinese | /*teːŋs/ |

##### Definitions

釘
* to nail; to staple
* to sew on
    釘扣子／钉扣子 ― dìng kòuzi ― to sew on a button
* (Cantonese, slang) to die
** 1993, “雞翼歌”, 林夕 [Albert Leung] (lyrics), spoken by Ning's envoy (朱鐵和), 唐伯虎點秋香 [Flirting Scholar]:
       daan$^6$ hai$^6$ nei$^5$ lou$^5$ mou$^{5-2}$ gong$^2$ nei$^5$ zau$^6$ faai$^3$ deng$^1$ [Jyutping]
       But your mum says you're about to die.
* (obsolete, rare) gold

###### Synonyms

* (to sew on): 縫綴／缝缀 (féngzhuì)
* (to die):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 死, 亡, 歿, 卒 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 死, 死亡, 亡故, 喪生, 喪命, 去世 †, 過世 †, 逝世 †, 離世 †, 下世 †, 不在 †, 過去 †, 仙逝 †, 歸天 †, 歸西 †, 升天 †, 作古 †, 長眠 †, 閉眼 †, 故去 †, ‡, 故世 †, ‡, 一命嗚呼, 謝世, 離開人間 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 死, 故去 †, 老 †, ‡, 踹腿 ¤, 踹腿兒 ¤, 踹 ¤, 回姥姥家 ¤, 彎回去 †, 毛兒提 Hui |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 死, 過世 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 死, 老 †, ‡, 伸腿兒 ¤, 伸腿 ¤, 蹬腿兒 ¤, 奔兒咕 ¤, 桿兒屁 §, 桿兒細 §, 吹燈拔蠟 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 死, 死掉, 死翹翹, 過世 †, 去世 †, 上天堂 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 死, 歿, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 不在 †, ‡, 王八 §, 完蛋, 完錢, 完活, 無常 Hui, 歸主 Hui, 歸真 Hui |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 死, 老 †, ‡, 上西天 § |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 死, 過去, 過世, 下世, 亡故, 不在, 升天, 去世 †, 老 †, ‡, 擱那兒 ¤ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 死, 歿, 老 †, ‡ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 死, 不在 †, 老 †, ‡, 無常 Hui |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 歿 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 死, 走 †, 歿 Hui, 歸真 Hui, 冒提 Hui, 口喚 Hui, 無常 Hui, 完 Hui |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 死, 過世 †, 緩下 †, 躺下 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 死, 過世 †, 不在 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 死, 過去 †, 不在 †, 去 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 撬桿兒 §, 撬桿 §, 翹辮子 §, 見馬克思, 歸天, 去陰國, 爬高煙囪, 落氣, 冰凊, 沒脈 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 死, 過身 †, 去 †, 老 †, ‡, 去回 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 瓜碼子 ¤, 瓜 ¤, 西皮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 死, 過世 †, 成神 †, ‡, 百年歸天 †, ‡, 嗚呼 ¤ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 死, 沒得脈, 過世 †, 過身 †, 沒在 †, 哦嚄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 死, 過世 †, 歸天 †, ‡, 不在 †, 嗝兒得 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 死, 不在 †, 走 †, 家去吃去 ¤, 家去 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 駝條 § |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 死, 不在 †, 老 † |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 百年歸老 †, ‡, 去別有天 †, ¤, 去大煙筒 †, ¤, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 收檔 ¤, 攞竇 ¤, 進竇 §, 瓜竇, 直, 瓜直, 死直, 攤直, 雙腳撐直, 伸直腳, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 褸席, 歸西, 歸天, 食黃泥, 入黃泥窿, 入窿, 玩完, 嫌米貴, 瞇埋眼, 一 argot |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 死, 過身 †, 走 †, 香 †, 去 †, 唔喺度 †, 百年歸老 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 †, 兩腳一伸 †, 仙遊 †, 拜拜 †, 去閻羅王處報到 †, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 釘蓋, 釘, 直, 歸西, 玩完, ham |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 過身, 去 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 去歸, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 死, 善, 去 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 死, 登仙 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 死, 老 †, 去返 †, 去舊時嗰處 †, 視埋眼 †, 伸直腳 †, 入罌 †, 拉柴 §, 去大煙筒 § |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 死, 過輩 †, 老 †, ‡, 老大 †, ‡ |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 死, 過身 † |
| Gan | Nanchang | 死, 過世 †, 老 † |
| Gan | Lichuan | 死 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 死, 過 †, 走路 †, 老 †, ‡, 去 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 死, 老, 過身 †, 消 †, 老壽 †, ‡ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 過身, 香 † |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 過身, 死 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 死, 過身 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 死 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 死, 過身 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 死, 過世 †, 過套 †, 過身 †, 轉去 †, 轉該背 †, 歸仙 †, 轉老外婆裡 ¤ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 死, 過身 † |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 過身, 老 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過身 †, 不在 †, 過老 §, 過邊 §, 進棺材 §, 進風水 §, 翹扁 §, ¤ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 死, 沒啦 †, 走 †, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 老客 †, ‡ |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 死, 回老家 †, 硬 §, 㞗朝天 of a man, vulgar, 倒蕎麥皮 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 死, 過身 †, 老 †, ‡ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 死, 過去 †, 過世 †, 過後 †, 歸西 †, 百歲 †, 老去 †, ‡, 堯街去 ¤, 堯生去 ¤, 溜翹 ¤, 殂 ¤, 去算米數 ¤, 去外媽食齋 ¤, 去外媽 ¤, 去䁐廬山 ¤, 去厝去 ¤, 睏長暝眠 ¤, 翹齋 ¤, 揭兜去 ¤, 拔直去 ¤, 上天去 ¤, 生去 ¤, 𣪟去 ¤, 䁐松柏樹 ¤, 䁐松柏 ¤, 轉祖 § |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 㾀 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 無去 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 起身 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 誆牽 §, 㾀 §, 㾀歹 §, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 死去, 老 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 過往 † |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 死去, 老 †, 無去 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 曲去, 去咯 †, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 行去 † |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 死, 馬滴, 死翹翹, 過身 †, 百年 †, 百歲 †, 過氣 †, 起車 †, 老去 †, 老咯 †, 行去 †, 蟯去 †, 吭跤翹 †, 交登記 † |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 死, 死去, 過面 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 † |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 過身, 吭跤翹, 吭翹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 死, 過身 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過目焗 ¤, 直筒 §, 刮薯減米 § |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 死, 過層 †, ‡, 老 †, ‡, 貓使 § |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 死 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 死 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 死, 瓜老襯, 過世, 歸西 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 一腳去 †, 翹辮子 §, ¤, 彈老三 §, 翹老三 § |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 死, 老 †, 故 †, 翹辮子 ¤ |
| Wu | Suzhou | 死, 壞, 去, 過世 †, 翹辮子 § |
| Wu | Danyang | 死 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 翹辮兒 ¤, 到龍駒塢去 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 死, 翹辮子 §, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 死脫 §, 燂茶, 山裡去, 吃豆腐羹, 嘸沒來的 †, 老 † |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 死, 冇 †, 過輩 †, ‡, 蹻 ¤ |
| Wu | Jinhua | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 弗在 †, 老 †, ‡ |
| Xiang | Changsha | 死, 過 †, 去 †, 瓜, 彈, 彈四郎 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 死, 過世 †, 故 †, 上岸 † |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 死, 過世 †, 故 † |
| Note | † - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful | † - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful |

##### Compounds

* 平釘／平钉
* 板上釘釘／板上钉钉 (bǎnshàngdìngdīng)
* 釘封文書／钉封文书
* 釘書機／钉书机 (dìngshūjī)
* 釘書針／钉书针
* 釘牌／钉牌

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 釘 – see 𠄖. (This character is a variant form of 𠄖).

### References

* “釘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #6812”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちょう (chō)
* Kan-on: てい (tei)
* Kun: くぎ (kugi, 釘)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 釘
* くぎ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese. First cited to the Man'yōshu of circa 759 CE, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 久枳. From Proto-Japonic *kunki.

### Noun

釘(くぎ) • (kugi)
* a nail; a spike made of metal or hard material used to stick something
    釘(くぎ)を打(う)つ
       kugi o utsu
       to drive in a nail

#### Derived terms

* 五(ご)寸(すん)釘(くぎ) (gosunkugi): nail that is 5 sun (寸) long (approximately 15 cm)

### References

* ↑ “釘”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Hanja

釘 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

釘: Hán Nôm readings: đinh, đanh, đính, đĩnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.