# медвѣдь
## Old Church Slavonic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *medvědь.

### Noun

медвѣдь • (medvědĭ) m
* bear

#### Descendants

* Serbo-Croatian: медвед
* Slovene: medved

## Old East Slavic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *medvědь. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic медвѣдь (medvědĭ) and Old Polish miedźwiedź.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɛˈdʋeːdɪ/→/mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲɪ/→/mʲɛˈdʋʲɛːdʲ/, /mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲ/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /mɛˈdʋeːdɪ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲɪ/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /mʲɛˈdʋʲɛːdʲ/, /mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲ/
* Hyphenation: ме‧двѣ‧дь

### Noun

медвѣдь (medvědĭ) m (related adjective медвѣжии or медвѣчь)
* bear
    ѿтѧлъ· медвѣдь ми у колѣна ― otŭtęlŭ· medvědĭ mi u kolěna ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Descendants

* Old Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)
** Belarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)
** Carpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)
** Ukrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)
* Russian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)

### References

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “медвѣдь”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 121

## Old Ruthenian
### Alternative forms

* медвѣ́дъ (medvě́d), ведмѣ́дь (vedmě́dʹ), медви́дь (medvídʹ), медьвѣ́дь (medʹvě́dʹ)
* недвѣ́дь (nedvě́dʹ), недвѣ́дъ (nedvě́d), недвѣ́дзь (nedvě́dzʹ)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic медвѣ́дь (medvě́dĭ), from Proto-Slavic *medvě̀dь (“bear”), possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis (“honey-eater”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu-h₁édis, from *médʰu (“honey”) + *h₁éd- (“to eat”). Cognate with Russian медве́дь (medvédʹ), Old Polish miedźwiedź, Old Czech medvěd.

### Noun

медвѣдь • (medvědʹ) m animal (related adjective медвѣ́жїй or медвѣ́дный)
* bear
    и былъ нѣꙗкъ раненъ ѡт медьведѧ дикого ― i byl nějak ranen ot medʹvedja dikoho ― and was somehow wounded by a wild bear
    в пущи Смєдинскои звєръ бываєть мєдвєди, лоси и свини ― v pušči Smjedinskoʲi zvjer byvajetʹ mjedvjedi, losi i svini ― in the Smedinsky thick forest, there is a animals: bears, moose and pigs
    приходил левъ або медвѣдь и поривал барана зпосеред череды ― prixodil lev abo medvědʹ i porival barana zposered čeredy ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    ꙗко медведь вздраженыⸯ ― jako medvedʹ vzdraženyj ― like an angry bear
    а єще дꙗкъ на покутѣ от ꙗкъ ведмѣдь сидит ― a ješče djak na pokutě ot jak vedmědʹ sidit ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    розюшоний козакъ ꙗкъ недвѣдь ― rozjušonij kozak jak nedvědʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* bearskin, bear fur
    шапка чорнаꙗ медведемъ подшита, а рукавицы ― šapka čornaja medvedem podšita, a rukavicy ― black hat made of bear and mittens

#### Derived terms

* медвѣ́дица f (medvě́dica)
* медвѣ́дка f (medvě́dka)
* медвѣ́дна f (medvě́dna)
* медвѣ́дникъ m (medvě́dnik)
* медвѣ́докъ m (medvě́dok)
* медвѣдѧ́ n (medvědjá)
* медвѣ́девъ (medvě́dev)
* медвѣ́дный (medvě́dnyj)
* медвѣ́жїй (medvě́žij)

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)
* Carpathian Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)
* Ukrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)

### References

* ↑ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*medvědь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 65: “ст.-блр. медведь ― st.-blr. medvedʹ”
* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “ведмідь”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 343
* ↑ Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “ведмідь”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 331: “MUk. ведмѣдь (XVIII c.), ведмедя (XVIII c.)”
* ↑ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1991), “мядзве́дзь”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 7 (мгла – не́марасць), Minsk: Navuka i technika, →ISBN, page 130

### Further reading

* Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930), “медвѣдь”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, number 1 (А – Г), Kharkiv, Kyiv: State Publishing House of Ukraine, page 203
* Bulyka, A. M., editor (1998), “медведь, медьведь”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 17 (лесничий – местский), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 297
* Bulyka, A. M., editor (2001), “недведь, недведзь”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 20 (невагаючийся – никогды), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 65
* Chikalo, M. I., editor (2017), “медвѣдь, медвѣдъ, медьведь”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 17 (м – моавитѧнка), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 88
* Tymchenko, E. K. (2002) “недвѣдь”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – Н), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 481

## Russian
### Noun

медвѣ́дь • (medvě́dʹ) m anim (genitive медвѣ́дя, nominative plural медвѣ́ди, genitive plural медвѣ́дей, feminine медвѣ́дица)
* Pre-1918 spelling of медве́дь (medvédʹ).