# 峭

| 峭 | U+5CED, &#23789; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CED |
| ← 峬 [U+5CEC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 峮 → [U+5CEE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

峭 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 山火月 (UFB), four-corner 2972$_7$, composition ⿰山肖)

#### Derived characters

* 㴥

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 311, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8085
* Dae Jaweon: page 611, character 23
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 773, character 10
* Unihan data for U+5CED

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Originally Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰews) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews), later Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰews) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

### Etymology

Cognate with Burmese စောက် (cauk, “‌steep, depth”). Compare also with Burmese စက် (cak, “severe, chilly”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiào (qiao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chiēu
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiàu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciào
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^4$
*** Yale: chyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
*** Palladius: цяо (cjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ciu$^3$
*** Yale: chiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːu̯³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chiēu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰieu³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiàu
*** Tâi-lô: tshiàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiaux
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiau²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tshjewH
Rime :
| Character | 峭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 七肖切 |
| Baxter | tshjewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰjæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ciu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰews/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 峭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13733 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 陗 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰews/ |
| Notes | 同陗 |

### Definitions

峭
* steep; precipitous; rugged
    陡峭 ― dǒuqiào ― steep; precipitous
    懸崖峭壁／悬崖峭壁 ― xuányáqiàobì ― sheer precipices and overhanging rocks; perilous cliffs and precipices
* (literary) stern; severe
    峭直 ― qiàozhí ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* cold
    料峭 ― liàoqiào ― chilly
* to make more strict

#### Synonyms

* (steep):
* 壁立 (bìlì) (chiefly of a mountain peak, cliff, etc.)
* 岢峨 (kě'é, “high and steep”) (literary, of a mountain)
* 岢峻 (kějùn, “high and steep”) (literary, of a mountain)
* 峻峭 (jùnqiào, “high and steep”) (of a mountain)
* 崒 (zú) (literary)
* 崎 (qí) (literary or Southern Min)
* 嶔崟／嵚崟 (qīnyín, “dangerously steep”) (literary)
* 嶜崟 (“dangerously steep”)
* 巀嶭 (“high, lofty and steep”) (of mountains)
* 巉岩 (chányán) (literary)
* 巉峻 (chánjùn) (literary)
* 巉巉 (chánchán) (literary)
* 筆陡／笔陡 (bǐdǒu)
* 陡 (dǒu)
* 陡峭 (dǒuqiào)
* 陡直 (dǒuzhí)
* 險峻／险峻 (xiǎnjùn, “dangerously steep”)
* 高峻 (gāojùn, “high and steep”) (of a mountain)

### Compounds

* 倬峭
* 冷峭
* 刻峭
* 孤峭
* 寒峭
* 峭厲／峭厉
* 峭壁 (qiàobì)
* 峭峻
* 峻峭 (jùnqiào)
* 峭急
* 峭拔
* 峭法
* 峭直
* 峭立
* 峭蒨 (qiàoqiàn)
* 峭薄
* 峭覈
* 峭麗／峭丽
* 崚峭
* 巉峭
* 懸岩峭壁／悬岩峭壁
* 懸崖峭壁／悬崖峭壁 (xuányáqiàobì)
* 料峭 (liàoqiào)
* 春寒料峭
* 波峭
* 逋峭 (būqiào)
* 陡峭 (dǒuqiào)
* 風骨峭峻／风骨峭峻
* 高峭

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Kun: きびしい (kibishii, 峭しい)、けわしい (kewashii, 峭しい)

## Korean
### Hanja

峭 (eum 초 (cho))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

峭: Hán Nôm readings: tiếu, tiễu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation