# 自勝
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìshēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄕㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìshēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄕㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhsheng
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-shêng$^1$
*** Yale: dz̀-shēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhsheng
*** Palladius: цзышэн (czyšɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dzijH sying
Rime :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 疾二切 | 識蒸切 |
| Baxter | dzijH | sying |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziɪ$^H$/ | /ɕɨŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕɨŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjɪ$^H$/ | /ɕieŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕiŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕiəŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕĭəŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi$^H$/ | /ɕi̯əŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zì | shēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^6$ | sing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s l̥əŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids hljɯŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zì | shēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzij$^H$ › | ‹ sying › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.[b]i[t]-s/ | /*l̥əŋ/ |
| English | self (adv.) | equal to, capable of |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 17879 | 17127 |
| Phonetic component | 自 | 朕 |
| Rime group | 至 | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 自 | 升 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljids/ | /*hljɯŋ/ |

#### Verb

自勝
* (literary) to bear or constrain oneself (especially one's emotions)
    From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
    Jí jiàn Sīlì liáoshǔ, jiē huānxǐ bù zìshēng. [Pinyin]
    By the time (the officials) saw the Sili Xiaowei (Liu Xiu) and his entourage parade past them, all of them were delighted, and none was able to keep the outburst of joy within themselves.

##### Usage notes

Usually used in the negative to express the sense of " to be not able to bear one's emotions; can't help; to be overwhelmed/overcome with one's emotions".

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìshèng
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄕㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìshèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄕㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhshèng
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-shêng$^4$
*** Yale: dz̀-shèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhshenq
*** Palladius: цзышэн (czyšɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzijH syingH
Rime :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 疾二切 | 詩證切 |
| Baxter | dzijH | syingH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziɪ$^H$/ | /ɕɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjɪ$^H$/ | /ɕieŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕiŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕiəŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zi$^H$/ | /ɕĭəŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi$^H$/ | /ɕi̯əŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zì | shèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^6$ | sing$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s l̥əŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids hljɯŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zì | shèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzij$^H$ › | ‹ sying$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.[b]i[t]-s/ | /*l̥əŋ-s/ |
| English | self (adv.) | overcome; surpass |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 自 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| No. | 17879 | 17128 |
| Phonetic component | 自 | 朕 |
| Rime group | 至 | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 自 | 勝 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljids/ | /*hljɯŋs/ |

#### Verb

自勝
* to overcome oneself; to win over oneself
    From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shèngrén zhě yǒulì, zìshèng zhě qiáng. [Pinyin]
    He who overcomes others is strong; he who overcomes himself is mighty.
    From: The Book of Lord Shang, circa 3rd century BCE, translated based on J.J.L. Duyvendak's version
    Néng shèng qiángdí zhě, xiān zìshèng zhě yě. [Pinyin]
    The one who succeeds in conquering a strong enemy is he, who regards it as his first duty to conquer himself.