# 討伐
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tǎofá, tǎofā
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˇ ㄈㄚˊ, ㄊㄠˇ ㄈㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^2$ fat$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thó-hoa̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): to$^2$ huag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǎofá
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˇ ㄈㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǎofá
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^3$-fa$^2$
*** Yale: tǎu-fá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taofar
*** Palladius: таофа (taofa)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fä³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǎofā
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˇ ㄈㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǎofa
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^3$-fa$^1$
*** Yale: tǎu-fā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taofa
*** Palladius: таофа (taofa)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^2$ fat$^6$
*** Yale: tóu faht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^2$ fat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^2$ fed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³⁵ fɐt̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thó-hoa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: thó-hua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toy'hoat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huat̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: to$^2$ huag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thó hua̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo⁵²⁻³⁵ huak̚⁴/

### Verb

討伐
* (transitive) to subdue by sending armed forces; to wage a punitive expedition; to send troops to suppress

#### Synonyms

* 力征 (lìzhēng) (literary)
* 征伐 (zhēngfá)
* 征討 (zhēngtǎo)
* 撻伐／挞伐 (tàfá) (literary)
* 砍伐 (kǎnfá) (literary)
* 膺懲／膺惩 (yīngchéng) (literary)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 討 | 伐 |
| とう Grade: 6 | ばつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とーばつ [tòóbátsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞ːba̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

討(とう)伐(ばつ) • (tōbatsu)
* subjugation

### Verb

討(とう)伐(ばつ)する • (tōbatsu suru) transitive suru (stem 討(とう)伐(ばつ)し (tōbatsu shi), past 討(とう)伐(ばつ)した (tōbatsu shita))
* subjugate, subdue, suppress

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 討伐し | とうばつし | tōbatsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 討伐し | とうばつし | tōbatsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 討伐する | とうばつする | tōbatsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 討伐する | とうばつする | tōbatsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 討伐すれ | とうばつすれ | tōbatsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 討伐せよ¹ 討伐しろ² | とうばつせよ¹ とうばつしろ² | tōbatsu seyo¹ tōbatsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 討伐される | とうばつされる | tōbatsu sareru |
| Causative | 討伐させる 討伐さす | とうばつさせる とうばつさす | tōbatsu saseru tōbatsu sasu |
| Potential | 討伐できる | とうばつできる | tōbatsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 討伐しよう | とうばつしよう | tōbatsu shiyō |
| Negative | 討伐しない | とうばつしない | tōbatsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 討伐せず | とうばつせず | tōbatsu sezu |
| Formal | 討伐します | とうばつします | tōbatsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 討伐した | とうばつした | tōbatsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 討伐して | とうばつして | tōbatsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 討伐すれば | とうばつすれば | tōbatsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 討 | 伐 |

### Noun

討伐 • (tobeol) (hangeul 토벌)
* hanja form of 토벌 (“subjugation”)