# 芻豢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chúhuàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˊ ㄏㄨㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chúhuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˊ ㄏㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chúhuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^2$-huan$^4$
*** Yale: chú-hwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwuhuann
*** Palladius: чухуань (čuxuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ xu̯än⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsrhju hwaenH
Rime :
| Character | 芻 | 豢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 刪 (70) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 測隅切 | 胡慣切 |
| Baxter | tsrhju | hwaenH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰɨo/ | /ɦˠuan$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰio/ | /ɦʷᵚan$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰio/ | /ɣuɐn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̆/ | /ɦwaɨn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰio/ | /ɣuan$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰĭu/ | /ɣwan$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯u/ | /ɣwan$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chū | huàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | co$^1$ | waan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰro ɡroːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 芻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsrhju › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tsʰ]ro/ |
| English | grass for fuel or fodder |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 芻 | 豢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1607 | 7154 |
| Phonetic component | 芻 |  |
| Rime group | 侯 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 芻 | 患 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰro/ | /*ɡroːns/ |

### Noun

芻豢
* (literary) fodder (grass and grains as animal food)
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shì yuè yě, nǎi mìng zǎi zhù, xúnxìng xīshēng, shì quánjù, àn chúhuàn, zhān féijí. [Pinyin]
    In this month orders are given to the officers of slaughter and prayer to go round among the victims for sacrifice, seeing that they are entire and complete, examining their fodder and grain, [and] inspecting their condition as fat or thin.
* (literary) livestock (domestic animal raised for food or as sacrificial victim)
* (literary) meat (livestock flesh as food)
    From: Mozi, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version
    Jīn zé bùrán, hòu zuòliǎn yú bǎixìng, yǐwèi měishí chúhuàn, zhēngzhì yúbiē. [Pinyin]
    With the present rulers all is different. They would heavily tax the people in order to enjoy elaborately the different meats and fish and turtle cooked in various ways
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Gù lǐyì zhī yuè wǒxīn, yóu chúhuàn zhī yuè wǒkǒu. [Pinyin]
    Therefore the principles of our nature and the determinations of righteousness are agreeable to my mind, just as the flesh of grass and grain-fed animals is agreeable to my mouth.