# 諗

| 諗 | U+8AD7, &#35543; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AD7 |
| ← 論 [U+8AD6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 諘 → [U+8AD8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

諗 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人戈心 (YROIP), four-corner 0863$_2$, composition ⿰訁念)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1169, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35660
* Dae Jaweon: page 1634, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3989, character 3
* Unihan data for U+8AD7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 淰 | *rnɯːmʔ, *nɯːmʔ, *hnjɯmʔ |
| 唸 | *tɯːms, *tɯːns |
| 埝 | *tɯːms, *nɯːb |
| 趝 | *klɯːms, *n̥ʰɯːms |
| 諗 | *hnjɯmʔ |
| 稔 | *njɯːm |
| 棯 | *njɯmʔ |
| 腍 | *njɯmʔ |
| 捻 | *nɯːb |
| 錜 | *nɯːb |
| 敜 | *nɯːb |
| 惗 | *nɯːb, *sens |
| 菍 | *nɯːb, *nɯːd |

### Etymology 1

Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word. Compare Zhuang naemj (“to think”). This root occurs in several Zhuang dialects and Mien, and in Liuzhou Mandarin nɐn⁵⁴.
Bai (1980) associates this word with 恁 (“to think”).
Bauer (1996) argues the direction of borrowing of this word is not certain, and it is just as likely that Zhuang and/or Mien borrowed it from Cantonese as the other way round. This root does not seem to occur in the Tibeto-Burman languages.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nam$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nam$^2$
*** Yale: nám
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /nɐm³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: nam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ⁿdam⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

諗
* (Cantonese) to think; to ponder
    From: 陳慧嫻, 紅茶館
    e$^1$! hai$^2$ dou$^6$ nam$^2$ gan$^2$ me$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
    Hey, so what are you thinking about?
* (Cantonese) to think; to guess; to reckon
       ngo$^5$ nam$^2$ nei$^5$ dei$^6$ dou$^1$ m$^4$ gei$^3$ dak$^1$ gaa$^3$ laa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       I think you don't remember.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 想 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 想 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 想 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 想 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 想 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 想 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 想 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 想 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 想 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 想 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 想 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 諗 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 諗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 想 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 想 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 想, 愐 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 想 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 想 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 想 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 想 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 想 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 想 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 想 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 想 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 想 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 想 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 想 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 想 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 想 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 想 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 想 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 想 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 想 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 想 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 想 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 算 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 想 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 想 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 想 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 想 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 想 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 惀 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 忖, 惀 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 想 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 想, 忖 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 想 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 想 |
* (to guess; to reckon): 猜 (cāi), (Cantonese) 估 (gu2)

#### Compounds

* 大諗頭／大谂头
* 心諗／心谂
* 抵得諗／抵得谂
* 抵諗／抵谂
* 禁諗／禁谂
* 諗住／谂住
* 諗唔開／谂唔开
* 諗嘢唔經大腦／谂嘢唔经大脑
* 諗嚟度去／谂嚟度去
* 諗埋一便／谂埋一便
* 諗埋一邊／谂埋一边
* 諗掂／谂掂
* 諗法／谂法
* 諗真啲／谂真啲
* 諗縮數／谂缩数
* 諗落／谂落
* 諗起／谂起
* 諗返／谂返
* 諗返轉頭／谂返转头
* 諗頭／谂头

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shěn (shen$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sam$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sim$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sím
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shěn
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^3$
*** Yale: shěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheen
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^2$
*** Yale: sám
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sim$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sim⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sím
*** Tâi-lô: sím
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siem
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sim⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sim⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sim⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sim⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sim⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: syimX
Rime :
| Character | 諗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式任切 |
| Baxter | syimX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiɪm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕim$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjem$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕim$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiəm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭĕm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɕi̯əm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shěn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sam$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥imʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hnjɯmʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 諗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shěn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syim$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*n̥imʔ/ |
| English | remonstrate |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 諗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9494 |
| Phonetic component | 念 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*hnjɯmʔ/ |
| Notes | 荏由任校改 |

#### Definitions

諗
* to exhort; to reprimand
* to long for
* to know; to understand thoroughly
* to inform

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 諗 – see 𩐭. (This character is a variant form of 𩐭).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), b04682

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しん (shin)、じょう (jō)、にょう (nyō)
* Kun: いさめる (isameru)

## Korean
### Hanja

諗 (eum 심 (sim))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

諗: Hán Nôm readings: thẩm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation