# 摻

| 摻 | U+647B, &#25723; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-647B |
| ← 摺 [U+647A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 摼 → [U+647C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

摻 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 手戈戈竹 (QIIH), four-corner 5302$_2$, composition ⿰扌參)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 452, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12649
* Dae Jaweon: page 802, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1951, character 1
* Unihan data for U+647B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 篸 | *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːms |
| 參 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum |
| 驂 | *sʰluːm |
| 傪 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːmʔ |
| 慘 | *sʰluːmʔ |
| 黲 | *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰloːmʔ |
| 謲 | *sʰluːms |
| 毿 | *sluːm |
| 蔘 | *sluːm, *srum |
| 犙 | *sluːm, *sru, *srɯu |
| 糝 | *sluːmʔ |
| 槮 | *sluːmʔ, *sʰrum, *srum, *srumʔ |
| 鬖 | *sloːm |
| 摻 | *sruːm, *sruːmʔ |
| 醦 | *sruːmʔ, *sʰrumʔ |
| 縿 | *sroːm |
| 穇 | *sroːm |
| 嵾 | *sʰrum |
| 磣 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 墋 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 曑 | *srum |
| 瘮 | *srumʔ |
| 滲 | *srums |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sruːm, *sruːmʔ) : semantic 手 + phonetic 參 (OC *sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chān (chan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caam$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhâm
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chham / chhàm
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chān
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chan
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^1$
*** Yale: chān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chan
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caam$^1$
*** Yale: chāam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâm
*** Hakka Romanization System: cam$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰam²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chham
*** Tâi-lô: tsham
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhafm
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàm
*** Tâi-lô: tshàm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhaxm
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam²¹/

#### Definitions

摻
* Alternative form of 攙／搀 (“to mix”)

#### Usage notes

See usage notes in 攙／搀.

#### Derived terms

* 摻假／掺假 (chānjiǎ)
* 摻分子／掺分子
* 摻合／掺合
* 摻和／掺和
* 摻水／掺水 (chānshuǐ)
* 摻袂／掺袂
* 摻雜／掺杂 (chānzá)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shǎn (shan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saam$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shǎn
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^3$
*** Yale: shǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shaan
*** Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saam$^2$
*** Yale: sáam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːm³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sreamX
Rime :
| Character | 摻 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所斬切 |
| Baxter | sreamX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃɐm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨm$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɐm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɐm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂăm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saam$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sruːmʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 摻 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 1098 |
| Phonetic component | 參 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 摻 |
| Old Chinese | /*sruːmʔ/ |

#### Definitions

摻
* (literary) to hold; to grasp

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shān (shan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saam$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shān
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shan
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^1$
*** Yale: shān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shan
*** Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saam$^1$
*** Yale: sāam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːm⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sream
Rime :
| Character | 摻 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所咸切 |
| Baxter | sream |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃɐm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨm/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɐm/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɐm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sruːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 摻 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 1097 |
| Phonetic component | 參 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 攕 |
| Old Chinese | /*sruːm/ |

#### Definitions

摻
* (alt. form 攕) slender and delicate look of the hand

#### Compounds

* 摻摻／掺掺

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): càn (can$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: càn
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: càn
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻan$^4$
*** Yale: tsàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsann
*** Palladius: цань (canʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^3$
*** Yale: cham
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm³³/

#### Definitions

摻
* (historical) a kind of drum music
* (historical) a method of such drumming

#### Compounds

* 摻撾／掺挝
* 漁陽摻撾／渔阳掺挝

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sēn (sen$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄣ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sen
*** Wade–Giles: sên$^1$
*** Yale: sēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sen
*** Palladius: сэнь (sɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sən⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

摻
* (of a forest) dense; full; thick; thriving

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、せん (sen)、しん (shin)
* Kun: とる (toru)

## Korean
### Hanja

摻 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

摻: Hán Nôm readings: thảm, sảm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.