# 添加
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiānjiā
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tim$^1$ gaa$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thiâm-kâ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thiⁿ-ka
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiam$^1$ gia$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiānjiā
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tianjia
*** Wade–Giles: tʻien$^1$-chia$^1$
*** Yale: tyān-jyā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianjia
*** Palladius: тяньцзя (tjanʹczja)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tim$^1$ gaa$^1$
*** Yale: tīm gā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tim$^1$ gaa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tim$^1$ ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːm⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiâm-kâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: tiam$^ˊ$ ga$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tiam$^1$ ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯am²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiⁿ-ka
*** Tâi-lô: thinn-ka
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tvi'kaf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰĩ³³ ka³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tiam$^1$ gia$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiam kia
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiam³³⁻²³ kia³³/

### Verb

添加
* to add; to augment; to increase; to raise

#### Synonyms

* 加 (jiā)
* 加上 (jiāshàng)
* 加多 (jiāduō)
* 加大 (jiādà)
* 加添 (jiātiān)
* 增 (zēng)
* 增加 (zēngjiā)
* 增多 (zēngduō)
* 增添 (zēngtiān)
* 增益 (zēngyì)
* 增長／增长 (zēngzhǎng)
* 廣益／广益 (guǎngyì) (literary)
* 施
* 補／补 (bǔ)
* 附益 (fùyì) (literary)

#### Antonyms

* 減少／减少 (jiǎnshǎo)

#### Derived terms

* 添加劑／添加剂 (tiānjiājì)
* 添加物 (tiānjiāwù)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 添 | 加 |
| てん Grade: S | か Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) てんか [tèńká] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) てんか [téꜜǹkà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [tẽ̞ŋka̠]

### Noun

添(てん)加(か) • (tenka)
* addition
* (mathematics) adjunction
* (electronics) doping

### Verb

添(てん)加(か)する • (tenka suru) transitive suru (stem 添(てん)加(か)し (tenka shi), past 添(てん)加(か)した (tenka shita))
* to add (of an ingredient, material, or chemical)
* (electronics) to dope, to add a dopant to

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 添加し | てんかし | tenka shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 添加し | てんかし | tenka shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 添加する | てんかする | tenka suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 添加する | てんかする | tenka suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 添加すれ | てんかすれ | tenka sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 添加せよ¹ 添加しろ² | てんかせよ¹ てんかしろ² | tenka seyo¹ tenka shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 添加される | てんかされる | tenka sareru |
| Causative | 添加させる 添加さす | てんかさせる てんかさす | tenka saseru tenka sasu |
| Potential | 添加できる | てんかできる | tenka dekiru |
| Volitional | 添加しよう | てんかしよう | tenka shiyō |
| Negative | 添加しない | てんかしない | tenka shinai |
| Negative continuative | 添加せず | てんかせず | tenka sezu |
| Formal | 添加します | てんかします | tenka shimasu |
| Perfective | 添加した | てんかした | tenka shita |
| Conjunctive | 添加して | てんかして | tenka shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 添加すれば | てんかすれば | tenka sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 添 | 加 |

### Noun

添加 • (cheomga) (hangeul 첨가)
* hanja form of 첨가 (“addition”)