# 潔

| 潔 | U+6F54, &#28500; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F54 |
| ← 潓 [U+6F53] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 潕 → [U+6F55] |

## Translingual
### Han character

潔 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水手竹火 (EQHF), four-corner 3719$_3$, composition ⿰氵絜)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 648, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18231
* Dae Jaweon: page 1058, character 23
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1743, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6F54

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 夆 | *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds |
| 丯 | *kreːds |
| 瘛 | *kʰjeds, *ɡeːds, *kʰjed |
| 觢 | *ɡjeds |
| 契 | *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd |
| 栔 | *kʰeːds |
| 禊 | *ɡeːds |
| 稧 | *ɡeːds |
| 楔 | *kreːd, *sqʰeːd |
| 葜 | *kʰreːd |
| 猰 | *qreːd, *kraːd, *kʰeːd |
| 窫 | *qreːd |
| 揳 | *sqʰeːd |
| 偰 | *sqʰeːd |
| 潔 | *keːd |
| 絜 | *keːd, *ɡeːd |
| 鍥 | *keːd, *kʰeːd |
| 挈 | *kʰeːd |
| 蛪 | *kʰeːd |
| 齧 | *ŋeːd |
| 褉 | *qʰeːd |
| 喫 | *ŋ̊ʰeːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *keːd) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 絜 (OC *keːd, *ɡeːd).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jié (jie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): git$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kiet / kiat
    (Meixian, Guangdong): giad$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gáik
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giêg$^4$ / giag$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$ciq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jié
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jié
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$
*** Yale: jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: git$^3$
*** Yale: git
*** Cantonese Pinyin: git$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiet
*** Hakka Romanization System: gied$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯et̚²/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiat
*** Hakka Romanization System: giad$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯at̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kiat̚¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gáik
*** Sinological IPA : /kaiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat
*** Tâi-lô: kiat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giêg$^4$ / giag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiek / kiak
*** Sinological IPA : /kiek̚²/, /kiak̚²/
* giêg4 - Chaozhou;
* giag4 - Shantou.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit潔 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiɛʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kiat̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kit̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kit̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kit̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiat̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kaiʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kiɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kiak̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kit̚⁵/ /ke⁵⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: ket
Rime :
| Character | 潔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 屑 (87) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古屑切 |
| Baxter | ket |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ket̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ket̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɛt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɛt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ket̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kiet̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kiet̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jie |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤet/
    (Zhengzhang): /*keːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 潔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ket › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁet/ |
| English | pure, purify |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 潔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6507 |
| Phonetic component | 丯 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 結 |
| Old Chinese | /*keːd/ |

### Definitions

潔
* clean; pure; innocent
* to clean; to purify
* honest; upright

### Compounds

* 不清不潔／不清不洁
* 乾圓潔淨／干圆洁净
* 保潔／保洁 (bǎojié)
* 光潔／光洁
* 光潔度／光洁度
* 冰清玉潔／冰清玉洁 (bīngqīngyùjié)
* 廉潔／廉洁 (liánjié)
* 廉潔奉公／廉洁奉公
* 心誠意潔／心诚意洁
* 才高行潔／才高行洁
* 整潔／整洁 (zhěngjié)
* 水潔冰清／水洁冰清
* 洗潔精／洗洁精 (xǐjiéjīng)
* 涓潔／涓洁
* 清潔／清洁 (qīngjié)
* 清潔劑／清洁剂
* 清潔溜溜／清洁溜溜
* 清潔者／清洁者
* 源清流潔／源清流洁
* 潔婦／洁妇
* 潔己／洁己
* 潔己奉公／洁己奉公
* 潔己愛人／洁己爱人
* 潔操履／洁操履
* 潔敬／洁敬
* 潔樽／洁樽
* 潔淨／洁净 (jiéjìng)
* 潔癖／洁癖 (jiépǐ)
* 潔白／洁白 (jiébái)
* 潔白無瑕／洁白无瑕
* 潔言汙行／洁言污行
* 潔身／洁身
* 潔身自好／洁身自好
* 潔身自愛／洁身自爱 (jiéshēnzì'ài)
* 潔郎／洁郎
* 潔齒劑／洁齿剂
* 玉潔冰清／玉洁冰清
* 皎潔／皎洁 (jiǎojié)
* 簡潔／简洁 (jiǎnjié)
* 精潔／精洁
* 純潔／纯洁 (chúnjié)
* 聖潔／圣洁 (shèngjié)
* 貞潔／贞洁 (zhēnjié)
* 雅潔／雅洁
* 高潔／高洁 (gāojié)
* 齋潔／斋洁

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 潔 |
| Kyūjitai | 潔󠄅 潔+&#xE0105; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: けち (kechi)
* Kan-on: けつ (ketsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: いさぎよい (isagiyoi, 潔い, Jōyō)

### Proper noun

潔(きよし) • (Kiyoshi)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ “潔”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

## Korean
### Hanja

潔 (eumhun 깨끗할 결 (kkaekkeuthal gyeol))
* hanja form of 결 (“clean; pure”)

#### Compounds

* 결백 (潔白, gyeolbaek, “innocence”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

潔: Hán Nôm readings: khiết
* clean; pure; innocent

#### References

* Nom Foundation
* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999