# 凡人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fánrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^4$ jan$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fàm-ngìn
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): huam$^5$ ring$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fánrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fánrén
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^2$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: fán-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnren
*** Palladius: фаньжэнь (fanʹžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$凡人 煩人／烦人
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: fàahn yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^4$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²¹ jɐn²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$凡人 煩人／烦人
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàm-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: fam$^ˇ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fam$^2$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huam$^5$ ring$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâm jîng
*** Sinological IPA : /huam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/

### Noun

凡人
* ordinary person; average person; common people
* mortal

#### Synonyms

* (ordinary person):
* 一般人 (yībānrén)
* 世人 (shìrén)
* 世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
* 人士 (rénshì) (literary)
* 人民 (rénmín)
* 人群 (rénqún)
* 人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
* 俗人 (súrén)
* 俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
* 𫣆人 (Hakka)
* 兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
* 公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
* 凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
* 匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
* 四眾人／四众人 (si$^3$ zing$^3$ nang$^5$) (Teochew)
* 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
* 大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
* 子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
* 家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
* 布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
* 常人 (chángrén)
* 平人 (píngrén) (literary)
* 平常人 (píngchángrén)
* 平民 (píngmín)
* 庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
* 庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
* 斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
* 普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
* 民人 (mínrén) (literary)
* 民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
* 烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
* 烝黎 (zhēnglí) (Classical Chinese)
* 白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
* 白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
* 白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
* 白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
* 百姓
* 眾人／众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
* 萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
* 群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
* 老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
* 良人 (liángrén) (literary)
* 草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
* 草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
* 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
* 萌 (literary)
* 野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
* 黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
* 黎民 (límín) (literary)
* 黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
* 黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
* 黔黎 (archaic)
* (mortal):
* 世人 (shìrén)
* 人世間的人／人世间的人 (rénshìjiān de rén)
* 俗骨 (súgǔ) (figurative)
* 塵世間的人／尘世间的人 (chénshìjiān de rén)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 凡 | 人 |
| ぼん Grade: S | にん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese compound 凡人 (bjom nyin). Compare modern Hakka reading fàm-ngìn.
The goon, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぼんにん [bòńníń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bõ̞ɲ̟ːĩɴ]

#### Noun

凡(ぼん)人(にん) • (bonnin)
* an ordinary person
* a commoner, someone who is not nobility

##### Usage notes

This reading appears to be somewhat less common than bonjin below.
The ordinary sense of this term is somewhat negative, with overtones of mediocre, unremarkable, lackluster.

##### Synonyms

* (ordinary person): 凡人(ぼんじん) (bonjin) (see below); 凡夫(ぼんぶ) (bonbu) (Buddhist overtones; used more in writing)
* (commoner): 平民(へいみん) (heimin): a commoner; 臣下(しんか) (shinka): a commoner, a subject

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 凡 | 人 |
| ぼん Grade: S | じん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
Shift in pronunciation from bonnin above, using the kan'on reading of jin for 人.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぼんじん [bòńjíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

#### Noun

凡(ぼん)人(じん) • (bonjin)
* an ordinary person
* a commoner, someone who is not nobility

##### Usage notes

This appears to be the more common reading.
The ordinary sense of this term is somewhat negative, with overtones of mediocre, unremarkable, lackluster.

##### Synonyms

* (ordinary person): 凡人(ぼんにん) (bonnin) (see above); 凡夫(ぼんぶ) (bonbu) (Buddhist overtones; used more in writing)
* (commoner): 平民(へいみん) (heimin): a commoner; 臣下(しんか) (shinka): a commoner, a subject

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “ordinary person”): 偉人(いじん) (ijin): a magnificent person

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 凡 | 人 |
| はん Grade: S | じん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
Shift in pronunciation from bonnin or bonjin above, using the kan'on reading for both characters.
This reading appears in use by the 有職家 (yūsokuka, “people well acquainted with the rites and ceremonies of the imperial court and nobility”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

#### Noun

凡(はん)人(じん) • (hanjin)
* (rare, possibly obsolete) an ordinary person, a commoner

##### Usage notes

The hanjin reading is the least common.

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN