# cear
## Galician
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cẽar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cēnāre (“to dine”). Cognate with Portuguese cear and Spanish cenar.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /θeˈaɾ/, (western) /seˈaɾ/

#### Verb

cear (first-person singular present ceo, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado) cear (first-person singular present ceio, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado, reintegrationist norm)
* to dine

##### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

##### Related terms

* cea

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cear, from Latin zelāre (“to be jealous of”). Cognate with Portuguese zelar and Spanish celar.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /θeˈaɾ/, (western) /seˈaɾ/

#### Verb

cear (first-person singular present ceo, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado) cear (first-person singular present ceio, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado, reintegrationist norm)
* to be jealous of
    Synonym: celar

##### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

##### Related terms

* celar
* celo
* recear
* receo

### Etymology 3

Unknown. Cognate with Portuguese ciar, Spanish ciar, Old Occitan siar.

#### Alternative forms

* ciar, zuiar, zuír

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /seˈaɾ/

#### Verb

cear (first-person singular present ceo, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado) cear (first-person singular present ceio, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado, reintegrationist norm)
* (nautical) to go astern; to backwater
* to recede; to go backwards
    Synonyms: afastar, arredar, estear, recuar
** 1807, anonymous author, Primeiro diálogo dos esterqueiros:A cada berro que daba ibame seando atrás p[o]r se acaso me encaixaba un sopapo da sua man:For each shout he gave I was moving back in case he encased me an uppercut of his hand

##### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

##### Derived terms

* ce
* ciaboga
* ciacú

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cear”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cear”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cear”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cear”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cear”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “ciar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɾ

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin zelāre (“to be jealous of”)

#### Verb

cear
* to be jealous of

##### Descendants

* Galician: cear

#### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "cear$_2$"

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

cear
* Alternative form of cẽar (“to dine”)

##### Conjugation
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cẽar, from Latin cēnāre (“to dine”). Cognate with Galician cear, Spanish cenar and Italian cenare.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈa(ʁ)/ [seˈa(h)], /siˈa(ʁ)/ [sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsja(ʁ)/ [ˈsja(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈa(ʁ)/ [seˈa(h)], /siˈa(ʁ)/ [sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsja(ʁ)/ [ˈsja(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /seˈa(ɾ)/, /siˈa(ɾ)/ [sɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsja(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /seˈa(ʁ)/ [seˈa(χ)], /siˈa(ʁ)/ [sɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsja(ʁ)/ [ˈsja(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /seˈa(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsjaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsjaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ˈsja.ɾi/
* Homophones: ciar (Portugal), siar (Portugal)
* Hyphenation: ce‧ar

### Verb

cear (first-person singular present ceio, first-person singular preterite ceei, past participle ceado)
* to have supper
* to dine

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* ceia