# طهماسب
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* تهماسب (tahmâsb)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭲𐭧𐭬(𐭩)𐭠𐭮𐭯 (tḥm(y)ʾsp /⁠Tahmāsp⁠/, a male given name, literally “having brave horses”), a bahuvrihi compound for whose constituents see Persian تهم (tahm, “brave”) and اسب (asb, “horse”). Akin to Elamite 𒁹𒎕𒈠𒀾𒁀 ($^m$tam₅-ma-áš-ba /⁠Tammašba⁠/), borrowed from the Old Iranian form of the same name.
The proposed identification with Avestan 𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬁𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬀 (tumāspana, a given name, literally “with fat horses”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *tum-, should be rejected.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tah.ˈmɑːsβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäɦ.mɑ́ːsb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäɦ.mɑ́ːsb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑː.mɑ́ːsb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔː.mɔ́ːsb̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæɦ.mɒ́ːsb̥], [t̪ʰæɦ.mɒ́ː.seb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäɦ.mɔ́sb]

### Proper noun

| Dari | طهماسب |
| Iranian Persian | طهماسب |
| Tajik | Таҳмосб, Таҳмосп |
طهماسب • (tahmâsb)
* a male given name, Tahmasb, from Middle Persian
** (Iranian mythology) A character in Shahnameh
** (historical) Name of two kings of Safavid Persia.

#### Related terms

* تهم (tahm)
* اسب (asb)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: Թահմազ (Tʻahmaz), ⇒ Թահմազյան (Tʻahmazyan)
* → Georgian: თამაზ (tamaz)
** → Ossetian: Таймаз (Tajmaz)
* → Azerbaijani: Təhmasib

#### References

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “طهماسب”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “Թահմազ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 261
* Benveniste, Émile (1966) Titres et noms propres en iranien ancien (Travaux de l’Institut d’Études Iraniennes de l’Université de Paris; 1)‎ (in French), Paris: Librairie C. Klincksieck, page 94
* Gershevitch, Ilya (1969) “Amber at Persepolis”, in Studia Classica et Orientalia Antonino Pagliaro Oblata. II (in German), Rome: Istituto di Glottologia dell’Università, page 235 of 167–251
* Gignoux, Philippe (1986) “Tahmāsp”, in Noms propres sassanides en moyen-perse épigraphique [Sasanian proper names in Inscriptional Middle Persian] (Iranisches Personennamenbuch, Band II, Faszikel 2) (in French), Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, § 888, page 165
* Hinz, Walther (1975) “*tahmāspa”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 232
* Janda, Michael (2004) Die Sprache Der Meder (dissertation)‎ (in German), University of Zurich, page 125
* Justi, Ferdinand (1895) “Tahmāsp”, in Iranisches Namenbuch‎ (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 319ab
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1969) “Zu den neuen Iranier-Namen ans Persepolis”, in Studia Classica et Orientalia Antonino Pagliaro Oblata. III (in German), Rome: Istituto di Glottologia dell’Università, pages 109, 116
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1973) Onomastica Persepolitana: Das Altiranische Namengut der Persepolis-Täfelchen [Onomastica Persepolitana: The Old Iranian Personal Names of the Persepolis Tablets] (in German), Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, →ISBN, § 8.1606, page 237