# 概括
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gàikuò, gàiguā
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˋ ㄎㄨㄛˋ, ㄍㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): koi$^3$ kut$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khài-koat / khài-koah / kài-koat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kai$^3$ guag$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ke-kuaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gàikuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˋ ㄎㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gàikuò
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^4$-kʻuo$^4$
*** Yale: gài-kwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaykuoh
*** Palladius: гайко (gajko)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gàiguā
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gàigua
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^4$-kua$^1$
*** Yale: gài-gwā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaygua
*** Palladius: гайгуа (gajgua)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: koi$^3$ kut$^3$
*** Yale: koi kut
*** Cantonese Pinyin: koi$^3$ kut$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: koi$^3$ kud$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔːi̯³³ kʰuːt̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khài-koat
*** Tâi-lô: khài-kuat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qae'koad
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰai²¹⁻⁵³ kuat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kuat̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khài-koah
*** Tâi-lô: khài-kuah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qae'koaq
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ kuaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ kuaʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài-koat
*** Tâi-lô: kài-kuat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kae'koad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kai²¹⁻⁵³ kuat̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kai$^3$ guag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khài kuak
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kuak̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ke-kuaq
*** MiniDict: ke$^去$ kuah
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ke-kuaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ke³³ kuaʔ⁴⁴/

### Verb

概括
* (transitive) to summarize; to sum up; to generalize; to outline; to epitomize; to compress
    精闢概括／精辟概括 ― jīngpì gàikuò ― succinct summary
    用一句話概括／用一句话概括 ― yòng yī jù huà gàikuò ― to summarise in one sentence

#### Synonyms

* 匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 小結／小结 (xiǎojié)
* 提要 (tíyào)
* 摘要 (zhāiyào)
* 擇要／择要 (zéyào)
* 概述 (gàishù)
* 歸納／归纳 (guīnà)
* 歸結／归结 (guījié)
* 總括／总括 (zǒngkuò)
* 總結／总结 (zǒngjié)

#### See also

* 綜合／综合 (zōnghé)

### Noun

概括
* summary; overview

#### Synonyms

* 事由 (shìyóu) (of an official document)
* 匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 大綱／大纲 (dàgāng)
* 大要 (dàyào)
* 小結／小结 (xiǎojié)
* 提綱／提纲 (tígāng)
* 提要 (tíyào)
* 摘要 (zhāiyào)
* 撮要 (cuōyào) (dated)
* 擇要／择要 (zéyào)
* 梗概 (gěnggài)
* 概況／概况 (gàikuàng)
* 概略 (gàilüè)
* 概要 (gàiyào)
* 概說／概说 (gàishuō) (often used in book and chapter titles)
* 概貌 (gàimào)
* 概述 (gàishù)
* 綱要／纲要 (gāngyào)
* 綱領／纲领 (gānglǐng)
* 總結／总结 (zǒngjié)
* 總綱／总纲 (zǒnggāng)
* 要略 (yàolüè) (often used in book and chapter titles)
* 輪廓／轮廓 (lúnkuò)
* 鳥瞰／鸟瞰 (niǎokàn)

### Adjective

概括
* brief and to the point; succinct; concise

#### Synonyms

* 扼要 (èyào)
* 簡／简 (jiǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 簡明／简明 (jiǎnmíng)
* 簡潔／简洁 (jiǎnjié)
* 簡練／简练 (jiǎnliàn)
* 簡要／简要 (jiǎnyào)
* 精簡／精简 (jīngjiǎn)
* 精粹 (jīngcuì)
* 精練／精练 (jīngliàn)

### Derived terms

* 概括性

### See also

* 大概 (dàgài)
* 籠統／笼统 (lǒngtǒng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 概 | 括 |
| がい Grade: S | かつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 槪括 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) がいかつ [gàíkátsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡa̠ika̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

概(がい)括(かつ) • (gaikatsu)
* summary
* (logic) generalization

### Verb

概(がい)括(かつ)する • (gaikatsu suru) suru (stem 概(がい)括(かつ)し (gaikatsu shi), past 概(がい)括(かつ)した (gaikatsu shita))
* to summarize, to sum up
* (logic) to generalize

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 概括し | がいかつし | gaikatsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 概括し | がいかつし | gaikatsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 概括する | がいかつする | gaikatsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 概括する | がいかつする | gaikatsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 概括すれ | がいかつすれ | gaikatsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 概括せよ¹ 概括しろ² | がいかつせよ¹ がいかつしろ² | gaikatsu seyo¹ gaikatsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 概括される | がいかつされる | gaikatsu sareru |
| Causative | 概括させる 概括さす | がいかつさせる がいかつさす | gaikatsu saseru gaikatsu sasu |
| Potential | 概括できる | がいかつできる | gaikatsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 概括しよう | がいかつしよう | gaikatsu shiyō |
| Negative | 概括しない | がいかつしない | gaikatsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 概括せず | がいかつせず | gaikatsu sezu |
| Formal | 概括します | がいかつします | gaikatsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 概括した | がいかつした | gaikatsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 概括して | がいかつして | gaikatsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 概括すれば | がいかつすれば | gaikatsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Synonyms

* (summary): 要(よう)約(やく) (yōyaku)
* (generalization): 一(いっ)般(ぱん)化(か) (ippanka), 普(ふ)遍(へん)化(か) (fuhenka)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “generalization”): 限(げん)定(てい) (gentei)

#### Derived terms

* 概(がい)括(かつ)的(てき) (gaikatsuteki)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN