# fardo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* farda

### Etymology

Perhaps a back-formation from fardel, which is attested in Galician since the 13th century, from Old French fardel (Modern French fardeaux).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfarðʊ]

### Noun

fardo m (plural fardos)
* bale, truss, bundle
* (by extension) burden
** 1823, Pedro Boado Sánchez, Diálogo entre dos Labradores gallegos afligidos:E may-lo Alcalde habíase d’alegrar, qu’el tamen está picado, qu’ainda n-hay ano é medio cabal que lle morreo á muller, é tamen pagou á farda como cada fillo de veciño.And the mayor would also be glad, because he's also piqued, because there's not a whole year and a half that his wife died and he also paid the burden as every mother's son

#### Related terms

* fardar
* fardelo

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “fardel”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “fardel”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “fardo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “fardo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “fardo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “fardo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Italian
### Etymology

Probably from Arabic فَرْد (fard, “one of a pair”), as applied to saddlebags. Alternative theories include Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “crease”) and Latin fartus (“filled”). See Spanish fardo for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfar.do/
* Rhymes: -ardo
* Hyphenation: fàr‧do

### Noun

fardo m (plural fardi)
* a kind of sack used to transport coffee

#### Derived terms

* fardello

### Anagrams

* froda

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

Probably from Arabic فَرْد (fard, “one of a pair”), as applied to saddlebags. Alternative theories include Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “crease”) and Latin fartus (“filled”). See Spanish fardo for more.

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈfaʁ.du/ [ˈfaɦ.du]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈfaʁ.du/ [ˈfaɦ.du]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ˈfaɾ.du/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈfaʁ.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈfaɻ.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈfaɾ.du/ [ˈfaɾ.ðu]

#### Noun

fardo m (plural fardos)
* bale, truss, bundle
    um fardo de palha ― a bale of straw
* package, parcel
    Synonyms: pacote, embrulho
* (by extension) burden
    Synonyms: carga, peso

##### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:fardo.

##### Derived terms

* enfardar
* farda

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

fardo
* first-person singular present indicative of fardar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaɾdo/ [ˈfaɾ.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -aɾdo
* Syllabification: far‧do

### Etymology 1

Three etymologies have been proposed.
* The most likely view is that it derives from Arabic فَرْد (fard, “unit, one of a pair”), as applied to a pair of saddlebags. From this, fardel was derived to denote the pair.
* Another view purports that it comes from Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “crease, parting; contribution”), verbal noun of فَرَضَ (faraḍa, “to crease, to notch; to make obligatory”). However, Spanish alfarda (“tax for having creased the ground to make a water canal”) and farda (“tribute, corvée; mortise, notch”) belong to this, and the sense of “load, baggage” (ca. 1150) is attested earlier than the sense of “crease, notch” (ca. 1400).
* The third proposes a derivation from Latin fartus (“stuffed, filled”), from farciō (“to fill”), via Vulgar Latin first and then French (see French fardeau and French farce for more), having thence extended to Catalan farcell, fardell, Italian fardello, Spanish fardel, Asturian fardel and Portuguese fardel.

#### Noun

fardo m (plural fardos)
* bundle
* stack
* burden
* bale

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

fardo
* first-person singular present indicative of fardar

### References

* ↑ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2019), Dictionnaire des emprunts ibéro-romans. Emprunts à l’arabe et aux langues du Monde Islamique (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 335–336

### Further reading

* “fardo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
* Etymology and history of “fardeau”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 858