# 成形
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéngxíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^4$ jing$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n-hìn
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiâⁿ-hêng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng$^5$ hêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéngxíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéngsíng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-hsing$^2$
*** Yale: chéng-syíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngshyng
*** Palladius: чэнсин (čɛnsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$成型 成形 成行
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéngxíngr
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéngsíngr
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-hsing$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chéng-syíngr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngshyengl
*** Palladius: чэнсинр (čɛnsinr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^4$ jing$^4$
*** Yale: sìhng yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^4$ jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^4$ ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ²¹ jɪŋ²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$成型 成形
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n-hìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: siin$^ˇ$ hin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sin$^2$ hin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹ hin¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiâⁿ-hêng
*** Tâi-lô: tsiânn-hîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cvia'heeng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siã²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siã²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siã¹³⁻²² hiɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siã²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siã²³⁻³³ hiɪŋ²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sêng$^5$ hêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sêng hêng
*** Sinological IPA : /seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ heŋ⁵⁵/

### Verb

成形
* (intransitive, of object) to take a definite form; to become a certain shape
* (intransitive, of idea, project, etc.) to take shape; to solidify; to come into being; to have a rough outline formed
* (intransitive, medicine) to correct a disfigurement
* (intransitive, medicine, of stool) to be solid in form

#### Derived terms

* 模塑成形
* 發泡成形／发泡成形
* 關節成形術／关节成形术 (guānjié chéngxíng shù)
* 雷射血管成形術／雷射血管成形术

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 成 | 形 |
| せい Grade: 4 | けい Grade: 2 |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーけー [sèékéé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːke̞ː]

### Noun

成(せい)形(けい) • (seikei)
* formation

### Verb

成(せい)形(けい)する • (seikei suru) suru (stem 成(せい)形(けい)し (seikei shi), past 成(せい)形(けい)した (seikei shita))
* to cast, to mold

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 成形し | せいけいし | seikei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 成形し | せいけいし | seikei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 成形する | せいけいする | seikei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 成形する | せいけいする | seikei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 成形すれ | せいけいすれ | seikei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 成形せよ¹ 成形しろ² | せいけいせよ¹ せいけいしろ² | seikei seyo¹ seikei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 成形される | せいけいされる | seikei sareru |
| Causative | 成形させる 成形さす | せいけいさせる せいけいさす | seikei saseru seikei sasu |
| Potential | 成形できる | せいけいできる | seikei dekiru |
| Volitional | 成形しよう | せいけいしよう | seikei shiyō |
| Negative | 成形しない | せいけいしない | seikei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 成形せず | せいけいせず | seikei sezu |
| Formal | 成形します | せいけいします | seikei shimasu |
| Perfective | 成形した | せいけいした | seikei shita |
| Conjunctive | 成形して | せいけいして | seikei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 成形すれば | せいけいすれば | seikei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 成 | 形 |

### Noun

成形 • (seonghyeong) (hangeul 성형)
* hanja form of 성형 (“formation, cast, mold”)