# 渾淪
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): húnlún
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wan$^4$ leon$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: húnlún
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: húnlún
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^2$-lun$^2$
*** Yale: hwún-lwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenluen
*** Palladius: хуньлунь (xunʹlunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^4$ leon$^4$
*** Yale: wàhn lèuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^4$ loen$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^4$ lên$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²¹ lɵn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: hwon lwin
Rime :
| Character | 渾 | 淪 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 戸昆切 | 力迍切 |
| Baxter | hwon | lwin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən/ | /liuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon/ | /lʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən/ | /ljuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən/ | /lwin/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuən/ | /liuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuən/ | /lĭuĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən/ | /li̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hún | lún |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wan$^4$ | leon$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːn run/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 渾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hún |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁ[u]r/ |
| English | chaotic |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 渾 | 淪 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7321 | 8662 |
| Phonetic component | 軍 | 侖 |
| Rime group | 文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䰟 | 淪 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡuːn/ | /*run/ |

#### Adjective

渾淪
* (archaic) complete; whole

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): húnlún, hùnlún
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wan$^6$ leon$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: húnlún
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: húnlún
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^2$-lun$^2$
*** Yale: hwún-lwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenluen
*** Palladius: хуньлунь (xunʹlunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hùnlún
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hùnlún
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^4$-lun$^2$
*** Yale: hwùn-lwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennluen
*** Palladius: хуньлунь (xunʹlunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^6$ leon$^4$
*** Yale: wahn lèuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^6$ loen$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^6$ lên$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²² lɵn²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$混淪／混沦 渾淪／浑沦
* Middle Chinese: hwonX lwin
Rime :
| Character | 渾 | 淪 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 胡本切 | 力迍切 |
| Baxter | hwonX | lwin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən$^X$/ | /liuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon$^X$/ | /lʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ljuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən$^X$/ | /lwin/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /liuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /lĭuĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /li̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hùn | lún |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wan$^6$ | leon$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ run/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 渾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hún |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwon$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁurʔ/ |
| English | chaotic |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 渾 | 淪 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7328 | 8662 |
| Phonetic component | 軍 | 侖 |
| Rime group | 文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 混 | 淪 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡuːnʔ/ | /*run/ |

#### Noun

渾淪
* (obsolete) Alternative form of 混沌 (hùndùn)

#### Adjective

渾淪
* (archaic) unclear; vague
* (archaic) simple; plain