# emprestar
## Asturian
### Etymology

em- +‎ prestar.

### Verb

emprestar
* to lend, loan

#### Conjugation
## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese emprestar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from en- +‎ prestar (“to lend”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /empɾesˈtaɾ/

### Verb

emprestar (first-person singular present empresto, first-person singular preterite emprestei, past participle emprestado)
* to lend
    Synonyms: deixar, prestar
** 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 196:Et ante doze dias que chegase a Santiago hũu rromeu que jazia doente ẽno camino, rrogou a aquel caualeiro que lle enprestase o caualo en que podese yr a Santiago, ca en outra maneira morreria ca nõ podia andar.and twelve days before arriving to Santiago a pilgrim, who was lying sick in the way, begged that knight to lend him his horse to go to Santiago, because otherwise he would die because he couldn't walk

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* prestar

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “emprestar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “enprest”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “emprestar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “emprestar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “emprestar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From em- +‎ prestar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pɾesˈta(ʁ)/ [ẽ.pɾesˈta(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pɾesˈta(ʁ)/ [ĩ.pɾesˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pɾesˈta(ʁ)/ [ẽ.pɾesˈta(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pɾesˈta(ʁ)/ [ĩ.pɾesˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pɾesˈta(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pɾesˈta(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pɾeʃˈta(ʁ)/ [ẽ.pɾeʃˈta(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pɾeʃˈta(ʁ)/ [ĩ.pɾeʃˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pɾesˈta(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pɾesˈta(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.pɾɨʃˈtaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.pɾɨʃˈtaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.pɾɨʃˈta.ɾi/

### Verb

emprestar (first-person singular present empresto, first-person singular preterite emprestei, past participle emprestado)
* (transitive) to lend; to loan (to give temporarily) [with direct object ‘something’, along with a or para or indirect object pronoun ‘to someone’]
** 1981, Janusz Korczak, Quando eu voltar a ser criança, Editorial Summus, page 93:Emprestei para uma porção de gente, mas ninguém me devolve.I have loaned to a bunch of people, but nobody pays me back.
** 2013, Taís Holetz, Páginas de tempestade, FAEST Editora, page 46:Espero alguém que me empreste seu casaco em dia de chuva.I’m waiting for someone who lends me their coat in a rainy day.
* (Brazil, transitive) to borrow (to obtain temporarily)
    Synonym: pegar emprestado
** 2007, Hélio Pires, O Diário do S.U.S.to, Clube de Autores, page 70:Eu tenho urgência da carteira e emprestei do meu amigo, […]I need the wallet urgently and I borrowed from my friend, […]

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From em- +‎ prestar. Compare Portuguese emprestar, Italian imprestare, Sicilian mpristari.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /empɾesˈtaɾ/ [ẽm.pɾesˈt̪aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: em‧pres‧tar

### Verb

emprestar (first-person singular present empresto, first-person singular preterite empresté, past participle emprestado)
* (transitive, Latin America) to lend

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | emprestar | emprestar | emprestar | emprestar | emprestar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | emprestando | emprestando | emprestando | emprestando | emprestando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | emprestado | emprestado | emprestada | emprestada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | emprestados | emprestados | emprestadas | emprestadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | empresto | emprestas$^{tú}$ emprestás$^{vos}$ | empresta | emprestamos | emprestáis | emprestan |
| indicative | imperfect | emprestaba | emprestabas | emprestaba | emprestábamos | emprestabais | emprestaban |
| indicative | preterite | empresté | emprestaste | emprestó | emprestamos | emprestasteis | emprestaron |
| indicative | future | emprestaré | emprestarás | emprestará | emprestaremos | emprestaréis | emprestarán |
| indicative | conditional | emprestaría | emprestarías | emprestaría | emprestaríamos | emprestaríais | emprestarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | empreste | emprestes$^{tú}$ emprestés$^{vos2}$ | empreste | emprestemos | emprestéis | empresten |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | emprestara | emprestaras | emprestara | emprestáramos | emprestarais | emprestaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | emprestase | emprestases | emprestase | emprestásemos | emprestaseis | emprestasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | emprestare | emprestares | emprestare | emprestáremos | emprestareis | emprestaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | empresta$^{tú}$ emprestá$^{vos}$ | empreste | emprestemos | emprestad | empresten |
| imperative | negative | | no emprestes | no empreste | no emprestemos | no emprestéis | no empresten |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “emprestar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014