# काला
## Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black, dark or dark-blue”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kɑː.lɑː/, [käː.läː]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

काला • (kālā) (Urdu spelling کالا)
* black (color/colour)
* dirty, grimy
* (sometimes offensive) black (having dark skin)
    Antonym: गोरा (gorā)
* great, terrible, fearful

#### Synonyms

* (black): कृष्ण (kŕṣṇa), श्याम (śyām), साँवला (sā̃vlā), श्यामला (śyāmlā)

### Noun

काला • (kālā) m (Urdu spelling کالا)
* color (color/colour)
* (colloquial) Indian cobra
* (colloquial, archaic) a sepoy

#### Related terms

Colors in Hindi · रंग (raṅg) (layout · text) :
| सफ़ेद (safed), श्वेत (śvet) | धूसर (dhūsar), छाई (chāī) | काला (kālā), श्याम (śyām) |
| लाल (lāl), सुर्ख़ (surx), राता (rātā); गहरा लाल (gahrā lāl), क़िरमिज़ी (qirmizī) | नारंगी (nāraṅgī), माल्टा (mālṭā); भूरा (bhūrā) | पीला (pīlā); मलाई (malāī) |
| नींबू (nīmbū), सुगा पंछी (sugā pañchī) | हरा (harā) | |
| फ़िरोज़ा (firozā) | आसमानी (āsmānī) | नीला (nīlā), नील (nīl) |
| जामुनी (jāmunī); नील (nīl) | रानी (rānī); बैंगनी (baiṅgnī), जामुनी (jāmunī) | गुलाबी (gulābī) |

### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “काला”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “काला”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “काला”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “काला”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* “काला”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* kālā (Latin script)
* 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* কালা (Bengali script)
* කාලා (Sinhalese script)
* ကာလာ or ၵႃလႃ (Burmese script)
* กาลา (Thai script)
* ᨠᩣᩃᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ກາລາ (Lao script)
* កាលា (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄂𑄣𑄂 (Chakma script)

### Noun

काला (kālā)
* Devanagari script form of kālā, which is inflection of काल:
** ablative singular
** nominative/vocative plural (kāla, “time”)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কালা (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬵᬮᬵ (Balinese script)
* কালা (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰯𑰩𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* ကာလာ (Burmese script)
* કાલા (Gujarati script)
* ਕਾਲਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑌾𑌲𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦴꦭꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂰𑂪𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಕಾಲಾ (Kannada script)
* កាលា (Khmer script)
* ກາລາ (Lao script)
* കാലാ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘰𑘩𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧑𑧉𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐵 (Newa script)
* କାଲା (Odia script)
* ꢒꢵꢭꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆳𑆬𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖯𑖩𑖯 (Siddham script)
* කාලා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩛𑩽𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚭𑚥𑚭 (Takri script)
* காலா (Tamil script)
* కాలా (Telugu script)
* กาลา (Thai script)
* ཀཱ་ལཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒰𑒪𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨊𑨬𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɑː.lɑː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkɑː.l̪ɑː/

### Noun

काला • (kālā) stem, f
* name of several plants (Indigofera tinctoria, Piper longum, Rubia cordifolia (syn. Rubia munjista), Nigella sativa var. sativa (syn. Nigella indica), Ipomoea atropurpurea (Argyreia spp.), Ruellia longifolia, Physalis flexuosa, Stereospermum chelonoides (syn. Bignonia suaveolens)

#### Declension
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “काला”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 277.