# khanya
## Phuthi
### Verb

-khanya
* to shine on

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Swazi
### Verb

-khanya
* to be clean

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Verb

-khanya$^?$
* to reflect

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

/kʰaːɲa/

### Verb

-khanya
* (intransitive) to shine
* (intransitive) to be light, bright
* (intransitive) to gleam, to be shiny

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukukhanya |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukukhanya | ukungakhanyi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | khanya | -khanye |
| Plural | khanyani | -khanyeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyakhanya, ngikhanya | engikhanyayo, engikhanya | ngikhanya | angikhanyi | engingakhanyi | ngingakhanyi |
| 2nd singular | uyakhanya, ukhanya | okhanyayo, okhanya | ukhanya | awukhanyi | ongakhanyi | ungakhanyi |
| 1st plural | siyakhanya, sikhanya | esikhanyayo, esikhanya | sikhanya | asikhanyi | esingakhanyi | singakhanyi |
| 2nd plural | niyakhanya, nikhanya | enikhanyayo, enikhanya | nikhanya | anikhanyi | eningakhanyi | ningakhanyi |
| Class 1 | uyakhanya, ukhanya | okhanyayo, okhanya | ekhanya | akakhanyi | ongakhanyi | engakhanyi |
| Class 2 | bayakhanya, bakhanya | abakhanyayo, abakhanya | bekhanya | abakhanyi | abangakhanyi | bengakhanyi |
| Class 3 | uyakhanya, ukhanya | okhanyayo, okhanya | ukhanya | awukhanyi | ongakhanyi | ungakhanyi |
| Class 4 | iyakhanya, ikhanya | ekhanyayo, ekhanya | ikhanya | ayikhanyi | engakhanyi | ingakhanyi |
| Class 5 | liyakhanya, likhanya | elikhanyayo, elikhanya | likhanya | alikhanyi | elingakhanyi | lingakhanyi |
| Class 6 | ayakhanya, akhanya | akhanyayo, akhanya | ekhanya | awakhanyi | angakhanyi | engakhanyi |
| Class 7 | siyakhanya, sikhanya | esikhanyayo, esikhanya | sikhanya | asikhanyi | esingakhanyi | singakhanyi |
| Class 8 | ziyakhanya, zikhanya | ezikhanyayo, ezikhanya | zikhanya | azikhanyi | ezingakhanyi | zingakhanyi |
| Class 9 | iyakhanya, ikhanya | ekhanyayo, ekhanya | ikhanya | ayikhanyi | engakhanyi | ingakhanyi |
| Class 10 | ziyakhanya, zikhanya | ezikhanyayo, ezikhanya | zikhanya | azikhanyi | ezingakhanyi | zingakhanyi |
| Class 11 | luyakhanya, lukhanya | olukhanyayo, olukhanya | lukhanya | alukhanyi | olungakhanyi | lungakhanyi |
| Class 14 | buyakhanya, bukhanya | obukhanyayo, obukhanya | bukhanya | abukhanyi | obungakhanyi | bungakhanyi |
| Class 15 | kuyakhanya, kukhanya | okukhanyayo, okukhanya | kukhanya | akukhanyi | okungakhanyi | kungakhanyi |
| Class 17 | kuyakhanya, kukhanya | okukhanyayo, okukhanya | kukhanya | akukhanyi | okungakhanyi | kungakhanyi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngikhanyile, ngikhanyē | engikhanyile, engikhanyē | ngikhanyile, ngikhanyē | angikhanyanga | engingakhanyanga | ngingakhanyanga |
| 2nd singular | ukhanyile, ukhanyē | okhanyile, okhanyē | ukhanyile, ukhanyē | awukhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | ungakhanyanga |
| 1st plural | sikhanyile, sikhanyē | esikhanyile, esikhanyē | sikhanyile, sikhanyē | asikhanyanga | esingakhanyanga | singakhanyanga |
| 2nd plural | nikhanyile, nikhanyē | enikhanyile, enikhanyē | nikhanyile, nikhanyē | anikhanyanga | eningakhanyanga | ningakhanyanga |
| Class 1 | ukhanyile, ukhanyē | okhanyile, okhanyē | ekhanyile, ekhanyē | akakhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | engakhanyanga |
| Class 2 | bakhanyile, bakhanyē | abakhanyile, abakhanyē | bekhanyile, bekhanyē | abakhanyanga | abangakhanyanga | bengakhanyanga |
| Class 3 | ukhanyile, ukhanyē | okhanyile, okhanyē | ukhanyile, ukhanyē | awukhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | ungakhanyanga |
| Class 4 | ikhanyile, ikhanyē | ekhanyile, ekhanyē | ikhanyile, ikhanyē | ayikhanyanga | engakhanyanga | ingakhanyanga |
| Class 5 | likhanyile, likhanyē | elikhanyile, elikhanyē | likhanyile, likhanyē | alikhanyanga | elingakhanyanga | lingakhanyanga |
| Class 6 | akhanyile, akhanyē | akhanyile, akhanyē | ekhanyile, ekhanyē | awakhanyanga | angakhanyanga | engakhanyanga |
| Class 7 | sikhanyile, sikhanyē | esikhanyile, esikhanyē | sikhanyile, sikhanyē | asikhanyanga | esingakhanyanga | singakhanyanga |
| Class 8 | zikhanyile, zikhanyē | ezikhanyile, ezikhanyē | zikhanyile, zikhanyē | azikhanyanga | ezingakhanyanga | zingakhanyanga |
| Class 9 | ikhanyile, ikhanyē | ekhanyile, ekhanyē | ikhanyile, ikhanyē | ayikhanyanga | engakhanyanga | ingakhanyanga |
| Class 10 | zikhanyile, zikhanyē | ezikhanyile, ezikhanyē | zikhanyile, zikhanyē | azikhanyanga | ezingakhanyanga | zingakhanyanga |
| Class 11 | lukhanyile, lukhanyē | olukhanyile, olukhanyē | lukhanyile, lukhanyē | alukhanyanga | olungakhanyanga | lungakhanyanga |
| Class 14 | bukhanyile, bukhanyē | obukhanyile, obukhanyē | bukhanyile, bukhanyē | abukhanyanga | obungakhanyanga | bungakhanyanga |
| Class 15 | kukhanyile, kukhanyē | okukhanyile, okukhanyē | kukhanyile, kukhanyē | akukhanyanga | okungakhanyanga | kungakhanyanga |
| Class 17 | kukhanyile, kukhanyē | okukhanyile, okukhanyē | kukhanyile, kukhanyē | akukhanyanga | okungakhanyanga | kungakhanyanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngākhanya | engākhanya | ngākhanya | angikhanyanga | engingakhanyanga | ngingakhanyanga |
| 2nd singular | wākhanya | owākhanya | wākhanya | awukhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | ungakhanyanga |
| 1st plural | sākhanya | esākhanya | sākhanya | asikhanyanga | esingakhanyanga | singakhanyanga |
| 2nd plural | nākhanya | enākhanya | nākhanya | anikhanyanga | eningakhanyanga | ningakhanyanga |
| Class 1 | wākhanya | owākhanya | ākhanya | akakhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | engakhanyanga |
| Class 2 | bākhanya | abākhanya | bākhanya | abakhanyanga | abangakhanyanga | bengakhanyanga |
| Class 3 | wākhanya | owākhanya | wākhanya | awukhanyanga | ongakhanyanga | ungakhanyanga |
| Class 4 | yākhanya | eyākhanya | yākhanya | ayikhanyanga | engakhanyanga | ingakhanyanga |
| Class 5 | lākhanya | elākhanya | lākhanya | alikhanyanga | elingakhanyanga | lingakhanyanga |
| Class 6 | ākhanya | ākhanya | ākhanya | awakhanyanga | angakhanyanga | engakhanyanga |
| Class 7 | sākhanya | esākhanya | sākhanya | asikhanyanga | esingakhanyanga | singakhanyanga |
| Class 8 | zākhanya | ezākhanya | zākhanya | azikhanyanga | ezingakhanyanga | zingakhanyanga |
| Class 9 | yākhanya | eyākhanya | yākhanya | ayikhanyanga | engakhanyanga | ingakhanyanga |
| Class 10 | zākhanya | ezākhanya | zākhanya | azikhanyanga | ezingakhanyanga | zingakhanyanga |
| Class 11 | lwākhanya | olwākhanya | lwākhanya | alukhanyanga | olungakhanyanga | lungakhanyanga |
| Class 14 | bākhanya | obākhanya | bākhanya | abukhanyanga | obungakhanyanga | bungakhanyanga |
| Class 15 | kwākhanya | okwākhanya | kwākhanya | akukhanyanga | okungakhanyanga | kungakhanyanga |
| Class 17 | kwākhanya | okwākhanya | kwākhanya | akukhanyanga | okungakhanyanga | kungakhanyanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingakhanya | — | ngingakhanya | ngingekhanye | — | ngingekhanye |
| 2nd singular | ungakhanya | — | ungakhanya | ungekhanye | — | ungekhanye |
| 1st plural | singakhanya | — | singakhanya | singekhanye | — | singekhanye |
| 2nd plural | ningakhanya | — | ningakhanya | ningekhanye | — | ningekhanye |
| Class 1 | angakhanya | — | engakhanya | angekhanye | — | engekhanye |
| Class 2 | bangakhanya | — | bengakhanya | bangekhanye | — | bengekhanye |
| Class 3 | ungakhanya | — | ungakhanya | ungekhanye | — | ungekhanye |
| Class 4 | ingakhanya | — | ingakhanya | ingekhanye | — | ingekhanye |
| Class 5 | lingakhanya | — | lingakhanya | lingekhanye | — | lingekhanye |
| Class 6 | angakhanya | — | engakhanya | angekhanye | — | engekhanye |
| Class 7 | singakhanya | — | singakhanya | singekhanye | — | singekhanye |
| Class 8 | zingakhanya | — | zingakhanya | zingekhanye | — | zingekhanye |
| Class 9 | ingakhanya | — | ingakhanya | ingekhanye | — | ingekhanye |
| Class 10 | zingakhanya | — | zingakhanya | zingekhanye | — | zingekhanye |
| Class 11 | lungakhanya | — | lungakhanya | lungekhanye | — | lungekhanye |
| Class 14 | bungakhanya | — | bungakhanya | bungekhanye | — | bungekhanye |
| Class 15 | kungakhanya | — | kungakhanya | kungekhanye | — | kungekhanye |
| Class 17 | kungakhanya | — | kungakhanya | kungekhanye | — | kungekhanye |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizokhanya | engizokhanya | ngizokhanya | angizukhanya | engingezukhanya | ngingezukhanya |
| 2nd singular | uzokhanya | ozokhanya | uzokhanya | awuzukhanya | ongezukhanya | ungezukhanya |
| 1st plural | sizokhanya | esizokhanya | sizokhanya | asizukhanya | esingezukhanya | singezukhanya |
| 2nd plural | nizokhanya | enizokhanya | nizokhanya | anizukhanya | eningezukhanya | ningezukhanya |
| Class 1 | uzokhanya | ozokhanya | ezokhanya | akazukhanya | ongezukhanya | engezukhanya |
| Class 2 | bazokhanya | abazokhanya | bezokhanya | abazukhanya | abangezukhanya | bengezukhanya |
| Class 3 | uzokhanya | ozokhanya | uzokhanya | awuzukhanya | ongezukhanya | ungezukhanya |
| Class 4 | izokhanya | ezokhanya | izokhanya | ayizukhanya | engezukhanya | ingezukhanya |
| Class 5 | lizokhanya | elizokhanya | lizokhanya | alizukhanya | elingezukhanya | lingezukhanya |
| Class 6 | azokhanya | azokhanya | ezokhanya | awazukhanya | angezukhanya | engezukhanya |
| Class 7 | sizokhanya | esizokhanya | sizokhanya | asizukhanya | esingezukhanya | singezukhanya |
| Class 8 | zizokhanya | ezizokhanya | zizokhanya | azizukhanya | ezingezukhanya | zingezukhanya |
| Class 9 | izokhanya | ezokhanya | izokhanya | ayizukhanya | engezukhanya | ingezukhanya |
| Class 10 | zizokhanya | ezizokhanya | zizokhanya | azizukhanya | ezingezukhanya | zingezukhanya |
| Class 11 | luzokhanya | oluzokhanya | luzokhanya | aluzukhanya | olungezukhanya | lungezukhanya |
| Class 14 | buzokhanya | obuzokhanya | buzokhanya | abuzukhanya | obungezukhanya | bungezukhanya |
| Class 15 | kuzokhanya | okuzokhanya | kuzokhanya | akuzukhanya | okungezukhanya | kungezukhanya |
| Class 17 | kuzokhanya | okuzokhanya | kuzokhanya | akuzukhanya | okungezukhanya | kungezukhanya |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyokhanya | engiyokhanya | ngiyokhanya | angiyukhanya | engingeyukhanya | ngingeyukhanya |
| 2nd singular | uyokhanya | oyokhanya | uyokhanya | awuyukhanya | ongeyukhanya | ungeyukhanya |
| 1st plural | siyokhanya | esiyokhanya | siyokhanya | asiyukhanya | esingeyukhanya | singeyukhanya |
| 2nd plural | niyokhanya | eniyokhanya | niyokhanya | aniyukhanya | eningeyukhanya | ningeyukhanya |
| Class 1 | uyokhanya | oyokhanya | eyokhanya | akayukhanya | ongeyukhanya | engeyukhanya |
| Class 2 | bayokhanya | abayokhanya | beyokhanya | abayukhanya | abangeyukhanya | bengeyukhanya |
| Class 3 | uyokhanya | oyokhanya | uyokhanya | awuyukhanya | ongeyukhanya | ungeyukhanya |
| Class 4 | iyokhanya | eyokhanya | iyokhanya | ayiyukhanya | engeyukhanya | ingeyukhanya |
| Class 5 | liyokhanya | eliyokhanya | liyokhanya | aliyukhanya | elingeyukhanya | lingeyukhanya |
| Class 6 | ayokhanya | ayokhanya | eyokhanya | awayukhanya | angeyukhanya | engeyukhanya |
| Class 7 | siyokhanya | esiyokhanya | siyokhanya | asiyukhanya | esingeyukhanya | singeyukhanya |
| Class 8 | ziyokhanya | eziyokhanya | ziyokhanya | aziyukhanya | ezingeyukhanya | zingeyukhanya |
| Class 9 | iyokhanya | eyokhanya | iyokhanya | ayiyukhanya | engeyukhanya | ingeyukhanya |
| Class 10 | ziyokhanya | eziyokhanya | ziyokhanya | aziyukhanya | ezingeyukhanya | zingeyukhanya |
| Class 11 | luyokhanya | oluyokhanya | luyokhanya | aluyukhanya | olungeyukhanya | lungeyukhanya |
| Class 14 | buyokhanya | obuyokhanya | buyokhanya | abuyukhanya | obungeyukhanya | bungeyukhanya |
| Class 15 | kuyokhanya | okuyokhanya | kuyokhanya | akuyukhanya | okungeyukhanya | kungeyukhanya |
| Class 17 | kuyokhanya | okuyokhanya | kuyokhanya | akuyukhanya | okungeyukhanya | kungeyukhanya |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngikhanye | ngingakhanyi |
| 2nd singular | ukhanye | ungakhanyi |
| 1st plural | sikhanye | singakhanyi |
| 2nd plural | nikhanye | ningakhanyi |
| Class 1 | akhanye | angakhanyi |
| Class 2 | bakhanye | bangakhanyi |
| Class 3 | ukhanye | ungakhanyi |
| Class 4 | ikhanye | ingakhanyi |
| Class 5 | likhanye | lingakhanyi |
| Class 6 | akhanye | angakhanyi |
| Class 7 | sikhanye | singakhanyi |
| Class 8 | zikhanye | zingakhanyi |
| Class 9 | ikhanye | ingakhanyi |
| Class 10 | zikhanye | zingakhanyi |
| Class 11 | lukhanye | lungakhanyi |
| Class 14 | bukhanye | bungakhanyi |
| Class 15 | kukhanye | kungakhanyi |
| Class 17 | kukhanye | kungakhanyi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngakhanya | ngangakhanya, angakhanya, angangakhanya |
| 2nd singular | wakhanya | wangakhanya, awakhanya, awangakhanya |
| 1st plural | sakhanya | sangakhanya, asakhanya, asangakhanya |
| 2nd plural | nakhanya | nangakhanya, anakhanya, anangakhanya |
| Class 1 | wakhanya | wangakhanya, akakhanya, akangakhanya |
| Class 2 | bakhanya | bangakhanya, abakhanya, abangakhanya |
| Class 3 | wakhanya | wangakhanya, awakhanya, awangakhanya |
| Class 4 | yakhanya | yangakhanya, ayakhanya, ayangakhanya |
| Class 5 | lakhanya | langakhanya, alakhanya, alangakhanya |
| Class 6 | akhanya | angakhanya, awakhanya, awangakhanya |
| Class 7 | sakhanya | sangakhanya, asakhanya, asangakhanya |
| Class 8 | zakhanya | zangakhanya, azakhanya, azangakhanya |
| Class 9 | yakhanya | yangakhanya, ayakhanya, ayangakhanya |
| Class 10 | zakhanya | zangakhanya, azakhanya, azangakhanya |
| Class 11 | lwakhanya | lwangakhanya, alwakhanya, alwangakhanya |
| Class 14 | bakhanya | bangakhanya, abakhanya, abangakhanya |
| Class 15 | kwakhanya | kwangakhanya, akwakhanya, akwangakhanya |
| Class 17 | kwakhanya | kwangakhanya, akwakhanya, akwangakhanya |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khanya”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khanya (6.3)”