# greas
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* dreas

### Etymology

From Middle Irish gress.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɟɾʲasˠ/

### Noun

greas f (genitive singular greise, nominative plural greasa)
* amount of anything done at a time
* spell (indefinite period of time)
* (literary) attack, onset
* (literary) injury

#### Declension

Second declension

#### Derived terms

* greasáil

### Verb

greas (present analytic greasann, future analytic greasfaidh, verbal noun greasadh, past participle greasta)
* Alternative form of dreasaigh (“to incite”)

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | greasaim | greasann tú; greasair$^†$ | greasann sé, sí | greasaimid | greasann sibh | greasann siad; greasaid$^†$ | a ghreasann; a ghreasas / a ngreasann* | greastar |
| indicative | past | ghreas mé; ghreasas | ghreas tú; ghreasais | ghreas sé, sí | ghreasamar; ghreas muid | ghreas sibh; ghreasabhair | ghreas siad; ghreasadar | a ghreas / ar ghreas* | greasadh |
| indicative | past habitual | ghreasainn / ngreasainn‡‡ | ghreastá / ngreastá‡‡ | ghreasadh sé, sí / ngreasadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghreasaimis; ghreasadh muid / ngreasaimis‡‡; ngreasadh muid‡‡ | ghreasadh sibh / ngreasadh sibh‡‡ | ghreasaidís; ghreasadh siad / ngreasaidís‡‡; ngreasadh siad‡‡ | a ghreasadh / a ngreasadh* | ghreastaí / ngreastaí‡‡ |
| future | future | greasfaidh mé; greasfad | greasfaidh tú; greasfair$^†$ | greasfaidh sé, sí | greasfaimid; greasfaidh muid | greasfaidh sibh | greasfaidh siad; greasfaid$^†$ | a ghreasfaidh; a ghreasfas / a ngreasfaidh* | greasfar |
| conditional | conditional | ghreasfainn / ngreasfainn‡‡ | ghreasfá / ngreasfá‡‡ | ghreasfadh sé, sí / ngreasfadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghreasfaimis; ghreasfadh muid / ngreasfaimis‡‡; ngreasfadh muid‡‡ | ghreasfadh sibh / ngreasfadh sibh‡‡ | ghreasfaidís; ghreasfadh siad / ngreasfaidís‡‡; ngreasfadh siad‡‡ | a ghreasfadh / a ngreasfadh* | ghreasfaí / ngreasfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go ngreasa mé; go ngreasad$^†$ | go ngreasa tú; go ngreasair$^†$ | go ngreasa sé, sí | go ngreasaimid; go ngreasa muid | go ngreasa sibh | go ngreasa siad; go ngreasaid$^†$ | — | go ngreastar |
| subjunctive | past | dá ngreasainn | dá ngreastá | dá ngreasadh sé, sí | dá ngreasaimis; dá ngreasadh muid | dá ngreasadh sibh | dá ngreasaidís; dá ngreasadh siad | — | dá ngreastaí |
| imperative | imperative | greasaim | greas | greasadh sé, sí | greasaimis | greasaigí; greasaidh$^†$ | greasaidís | — | greastar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh | greasadh |
| past participle | past participle | greasta | greasta | greasta | greasta | greasta | greasta | greasta | greasta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Further reading

* “greas”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 gres(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “greas”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 382
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “greas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 21

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡræ͜ɑːs/

### Verb

grēas
* first/third-person singular preterite indicative of grēosan

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish gressaid, from Proto-Celtic *gred-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreydʰ-, see also Lithuanian grìdyti (“to go, to wander”), Old Irish in·greinn, do·greinn (“to persecute”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾʲes̪/

### Verb

greas (past ghreas, future greasaidh, verbal noun greasadh, past participle greaste)
* to hurry (+ air + object pronoun agreeing with the subject)
    Greas ort! ― Hurry up!

### References

* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “greas”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN