# chitheka
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -chitha +‎ -eka.

### Verb

-chitheka$^?$
* (intransitive) to spill over

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukuchitheka |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuchitheka | ukungachitheki |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | chitheka | -chitheke |
| Plural | chithekani | -chithekeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyachitheka, ngichitheka | engichithekayo, engichitheka | ngichitheka | angichitheki | engingachitheki | ngingachitheki |
| 2nd singular | uyachitheka, uchitheka | ochithekayo, ochitheka | uchitheka | awuchitheki | ongachitheki | ungachitheki |
| 1st plural | siyachitheka, sichitheka | esichithekayo, esichitheka | sichitheka | asichitheki | esingachitheki | singachitheki |
| 2nd plural | niyachitheka, nichitheka | enichithekayo, enichitheka | nichitheka | anichitheki | eningachitheki | ningachitheki |
| Class 1 | uyachitheka, uchitheka | ochithekayo, ochitheka | echitheka | akachitheki | ongachitheki | engachitheki |
| Class 2 | bayachitheka, bachitheka | abachithekayo, abachitheka | bechitheka | abachitheki | abangachitheki | bengachitheki |
| Class 3 | uyachitheka, uchitheka | ochithekayo, ochitheka | uchitheka | awuchitheki | ongachitheki | ungachitheki |
| Class 4 | iyachitheka, ichitheka | echithekayo, echitheka | ichitheka | ayichitheki | engachitheki | ingachitheki |
| Class 5 | liyachitheka, lichitheka | elichithekayo, elichitheka | lichitheka | alichitheki | elingachitheki | lingachitheki |
| Class 6 | ayachitheka, achitheka | achithekayo, achitheka | echitheka | awachitheki | angachitheki | engachitheki |
| Class 7 | siyachitheka, sichitheka | esichithekayo, esichitheka | sichitheka | asichitheki | esingachitheki | singachitheki |
| Class 8 | ziyachitheka, zichitheka | ezichithekayo, ezichitheka | zichitheka | azichitheki | ezingachitheki | zingachitheki |
| Class 9 | iyachitheka, ichitheka | echithekayo, echitheka | ichitheka | ayichitheki | engachitheki | ingachitheki |
| Class 10 | ziyachitheka, zichitheka | ezichithekayo, ezichitheka | zichitheka | azichitheki | ezingachitheki | zingachitheki |
| Class 11 | luyachitheka, luchitheka | oluchithekayo, oluchitheka | luchitheka | aluchitheki | olungachitheki | lungachitheki |
| Class 14 | buyachitheka, buchitheka | obuchithekayo, obuchitheka | buchitheka | abuchitheki | obungachitheki | bungachitheki |
| Class 15 | kuyachitheka, kuchitheka | okuchithekayo, okuchitheka | kuchitheka | akuchitheki | okungachitheki | kungachitheki |
| Class 17 | kuyachitheka, kuchitheka | okuchithekayo, okuchitheka | kuchitheka | akuchitheki | okungachitheki | kungachitheki |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngichithekile, ngichithekē | engichithekile, engichithekē | ngichithekile, ngichithekē | angichithekanga | engingachithekanga | ngingachithekanga |
| 2nd singular | uchithekile, uchithekē | ochithekile, ochithekē | uchithekile, uchithekē | awuchithekanga | ongachithekanga | ungachithekanga |
| 1st plural | sichithekile, sichithekē | esichithekile, esichithekē | sichithekile, sichithekē | asichithekanga | esingachithekanga | singachithekanga |
| 2nd plural | nichithekile, nichithekē | enichithekile, enichithekē | nichithekile, nichithekē | anichithekanga | eningachithekanga | ningachithekanga |
| Class 1 | uchithekile, uchithekē | ochithekile, ochithekē | echithekile, echithekē | akachithekanga | ongachithekanga | engachithekanga |
| Class 2 | bachithekile, bachithekē | abachithekile, abachithekē | bechithekile, bechithekē | abachithekanga | abangachithekanga | bengachithekanga |
| Class 3 | uchithekile, uchithekē | ochithekile, ochithekē | uchithekile, uchithekē | awuchithekanga | ongachithekanga | ungachithekanga |
| Class 4 | ichithekile, ichithekē | echithekile, echithekē | ichithekile, ichithekē | ayichithekanga | engachithekanga | ingachithekanga |
| Class 5 | lichithekile, lichithekē | elichithekile, elichithekē | lichithekile, lichithekē | alichithekanga | elingachithekanga | lingachithekanga |
| Class 6 | achithekile, achithekē | achithekile, achithekē | echithekile, echithekē | awachithekanga | angachithekanga | engachithekanga |
| Class 7 | sichithekile, sichithekē | esichithekile, esichithekē | sichithekile, sichithekē | asichithekanga | esingachithekanga | singachithekanga |
| Class 8 | zichithekile, zichithekē | ezichithekile, ezichithekē | zichithekile, zichithekē | azichithekanga | ezingachithekanga | zingachithekanga |
| Class 9 | ichithekile, ichithekē | echithekile, echithekē | ichithekile, ichithekē | ayichithekanga | engachithekanga | ingachithekanga |
| Class 10 | zichithekile, zichithekē | ezichithekile, ezichithekē | zichithekile, zichithekē | azichithekanga | ezingachithekanga | zingachithekanga |
| Class 11 | luchithekile, luchithekē | oluchithekile, oluchithekē | luchithekile, luchithekē | aluchithekanga | olungachithekanga | lungachithekanga |
| Class 14 | buchithekile, buchithekē | obuchithekile, obuchithekē | buchithekile, buchithekē | abuchithekanga | obungachithekanga | bungachithekanga |
| Class 15 | kuchithekile, kuchithekē | okuchithekile, okuchithekē | kuchithekile, kuchithekē | akuchithekanga | okungachithekanga | kungachithekanga |
| Class 17 | kuchithekile, kuchithekē | okuchithekile, okuchithekē | kuchithekile, kuchithekē | akuchithekanga | okungachithekanga | kungachithekanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāchitheka | engāchitheka | ngāchitheka | angichithekanga | engingachithekanga | ngingachithekanga |
| 2nd singular | wāchitheka | owāchitheka | wāchitheka | awuchithekanga | ongachithekanga | ungachithekanga |
| 1st plural | sāchitheka | esāchitheka | sāchitheka | asichithekanga | esingachithekanga | singachithekanga |
| 2nd plural | nāchitheka | enāchitheka | nāchitheka | anichithekanga | eningachithekanga | ningachithekanga |
| Class 1 | wāchitheka | owāchitheka | āchitheka | akachithekanga | ongachithekanga | engachithekanga |
| Class 2 | bāchitheka | abāchitheka | bāchitheka | abachithekanga | abangachithekanga | bengachithekanga |
| Class 3 | wāchitheka | owāchitheka | wāchitheka | awuchithekanga | ongachithekanga | ungachithekanga |
| Class 4 | yāchitheka | eyāchitheka | yāchitheka | ayichithekanga | engachithekanga | ingachithekanga |
| Class 5 | lāchitheka | elāchitheka | lāchitheka | alichithekanga | elingachithekanga | lingachithekanga |
| Class 6 | āchitheka | āchitheka | āchitheka | awachithekanga | angachithekanga | engachithekanga |
| Class 7 | sāchitheka | esāchitheka | sāchitheka | asichithekanga | esingachithekanga | singachithekanga |
| Class 8 | zāchitheka | ezāchitheka | zāchitheka | azichithekanga | ezingachithekanga | zingachithekanga |
| Class 9 | yāchitheka | eyāchitheka | yāchitheka | ayichithekanga | engachithekanga | ingachithekanga |
| Class 10 | zāchitheka | ezāchitheka | zāchitheka | azichithekanga | ezingachithekanga | zingachithekanga |
| Class 11 | lwāchitheka | olwāchitheka | lwāchitheka | aluchithekanga | olungachithekanga | lungachithekanga |
| Class 14 | bāchitheka | obāchitheka | bāchitheka | abuchithekanga | obungachithekanga | bungachithekanga |
| Class 15 | kwāchitheka | okwāchitheka | kwāchitheka | akuchithekanga | okungachithekanga | kungachithekanga |
| Class 17 | kwāchitheka | okwāchitheka | kwāchitheka | akuchithekanga | okungachithekanga | kungachithekanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingachitheka | — | ngingachitheka | ngingechitheke | — | ngingechitheke |
| 2nd singular | ungachitheka | — | ungachitheka | ungechitheke | — | ungechitheke |
| 1st plural | singachitheka | — | singachitheka | singechitheke | — | singechitheke |
| 2nd plural | ningachitheka | — | ningachitheka | ningechitheke | — | ningechitheke |
| Class 1 | angachitheka | — | engachitheka | angechitheke | — | engechitheke |
| Class 2 | bangachitheka | — | bengachitheka | bangechitheke | — | bengechitheke |
| Class 3 | ungachitheka | — | ungachitheka | ungechitheke | — | ungechitheke |
| Class 4 | ingachitheka | — | ingachitheka | ingechitheke | — | ingechitheke |
| Class 5 | lingachitheka | — | lingachitheka | lingechitheke | — | lingechitheke |
| Class 6 | angachitheka | — | engachitheka | angechitheke | — | engechitheke |
| Class 7 | singachitheka | — | singachitheka | singechitheke | — | singechitheke |
| Class 8 | zingachitheka | — | zingachitheka | zingechitheke | — | zingechitheke |
| Class 9 | ingachitheka | — | ingachitheka | ingechitheke | — | ingechitheke |
| Class 10 | zingachitheka | — | zingachitheka | zingechitheke | — | zingechitheke |
| Class 11 | lungachitheka | — | lungachitheka | lungechitheke | — | lungechitheke |
| Class 14 | bungachitheka | — | bungachitheka | bungechitheke | — | bungechitheke |
| Class 15 | kungachitheka | — | kungachitheka | kungechitheke | — | kungechitheke |
| Class 17 | kungachitheka | — | kungachitheka | kungechitheke | — | kungechitheke |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizochitheka | engizochitheka | ngizochitheka | angizuchitheka | engingezuchitheka | ngingezuchitheka |
| 2nd singular | uzochitheka | ozochitheka | uzochitheka | awuzuchitheka | ongezuchitheka | ungezuchitheka |
| 1st plural | sizochitheka | esizochitheka | sizochitheka | asizuchitheka | esingezuchitheka | singezuchitheka |
| 2nd plural | nizochitheka | enizochitheka | nizochitheka | anizuchitheka | eningezuchitheka | ningezuchitheka |
| Class 1 | uzochitheka | ozochitheka | ezochitheka | akazuchitheka | ongezuchitheka | engezuchitheka |
| Class 2 | bazochitheka | abazochitheka | bezochitheka | abazuchitheka | abangezuchitheka | bengezuchitheka |
| Class 3 | uzochitheka | ozochitheka | uzochitheka | awuzuchitheka | ongezuchitheka | ungezuchitheka |
| Class 4 | izochitheka | ezochitheka | izochitheka | ayizuchitheka | engezuchitheka | ingezuchitheka |
| Class 5 | lizochitheka | elizochitheka | lizochitheka | alizuchitheka | elingezuchitheka | lingezuchitheka |
| Class 6 | azochitheka | azochitheka | ezochitheka | awazuchitheka | angezuchitheka | engezuchitheka |
| Class 7 | sizochitheka | esizochitheka | sizochitheka | asizuchitheka | esingezuchitheka | singezuchitheka |
| Class 8 | zizochitheka | ezizochitheka | zizochitheka | azizuchitheka | ezingezuchitheka | zingezuchitheka |
| Class 9 | izochitheka | ezochitheka | izochitheka | ayizuchitheka | engezuchitheka | ingezuchitheka |
| Class 10 | zizochitheka | ezizochitheka | zizochitheka | azizuchitheka | ezingezuchitheka | zingezuchitheka |
| Class 11 | luzochitheka | oluzochitheka | luzochitheka | aluzuchitheka | olungezuchitheka | lungezuchitheka |
| Class 14 | buzochitheka | obuzochitheka | buzochitheka | abuzuchitheka | obungezuchitheka | bungezuchitheka |
| Class 15 | kuzochitheka | okuzochitheka | kuzochitheka | akuzuchitheka | okungezuchitheka | kungezuchitheka |
| Class 17 | kuzochitheka | okuzochitheka | kuzochitheka | akuzuchitheka | okungezuchitheka | kungezuchitheka |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyochitheka | engiyochitheka | ngiyochitheka | angiyuchitheka | engingeyuchitheka | ngingeyuchitheka |
| 2nd singular | uyochitheka | oyochitheka | uyochitheka | awuyuchitheka | ongeyuchitheka | ungeyuchitheka |
| 1st plural | siyochitheka | esiyochitheka | siyochitheka | asiyuchitheka | esingeyuchitheka | singeyuchitheka |
| 2nd plural | niyochitheka | eniyochitheka | niyochitheka | aniyuchitheka | eningeyuchitheka | ningeyuchitheka |
| Class 1 | uyochitheka | oyochitheka | eyochitheka | akayuchitheka | ongeyuchitheka | engeyuchitheka |
| Class 2 | bayochitheka | abayochitheka | beyochitheka | abayuchitheka | abangeyuchitheka | bengeyuchitheka |
| Class 3 | uyochitheka | oyochitheka | uyochitheka | awuyuchitheka | ongeyuchitheka | ungeyuchitheka |
| Class 4 | iyochitheka | eyochitheka | iyochitheka | ayiyuchitheka | engeyuchitheka | ingeyuchitheka |
| Class 5 | liyochitheka | eliyochitheka | liyochitheka | aliyuchitheka | elingeyuchitheka | lingeyuchitheka |
| Class 6 | ayochitheka | ayochitheka | eyochitheka | awayuchitheka | angeyuchitheka | engeyuchitheka |
| Class 7 | siyochitheka | esiyochitheka | siyochitheka | asiyuchitheka | esingeyuchitheka | singeyuchitheka |
| Class 8 | ziyochitheka | eziyochitheka | ziyochitheka | aziyuchitheka | ezingeyuchitheka | zingeyuchitheka |
| Class 9 | iyochitheka | eyochitheka | iyochitheka | ayiyuchitheka | engeyuchitheka | ingeyuchitheka |
| Class 10 | ziyochitheka | eziyochitheka | ziyochitheka | aziyuchitheka | ezingeyuchitheka | zingeyuchitheka |
| Class 11 | luyochitheka | oluyochitheka | luyochitheka | aluyuchitheka | olungeyuchitheka | lungeyuchitheka |
| Class 14 | buyochitheka | obuyochitheka | buyochitheka | abuyuchitheka | obungeyuchitheka | bungeyuchitheka |
| Class 15 | kuyochitheka | okuyochitheka | kuyochitheka | akuyuchitheka | okungeyuchitheka | kungeyuchitheka |
| Class 17 | kuyochitheka | okuyochitheka | kuyochitheka | akuyuchitheka | okungeyuchitheka | kungeyuchitheka |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngichitheke | ngingachitheki |
| 2nd singular | uchitheke | ungachitheki |
| 1st plural | sichitheke | singachitheki |
| 2nd plural | nichitheke | ningachitheki |
| Class 1 | achitheke | angachitheki |
| Class 2 | bachitheke | bangachitheki |
| Class 3 | uchitheke | ungachitheki |
| Class 4 | ichitheke | ingachitheki |
| Class 5 | lichitheke | lingachitheki |
| Class 6 | achitheke | angachitheki |
| Class 7 | sichitheke | singachitheki |
| Class 8 | zichitheke | zingachitheki |
| Class 9 | ichitheke | ingachitheki |
| Class 10 | zichitheke | zingachitheki |
| Class 11 | luchitheke | lungachitheki |
| Class 14 | buchitheke | bungachitheki |
| Class 15 | kuchitheke | kungachitheki |
| Class 17 | kuchitheke | kungachitheki |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngachitheka | ngangachitheka, angachitheka, angangachitheka |
| 2nd singular | wachitheka | wangachitheka, awachitheka, awangachitheka |
| 1st plural | sachitheka | sangachitheka, asachitheka, asangachitheka |
| 2nd plural | nachitheka | nangachitheka, anachitheka, anangachitheka |
| Class 1 | wachitheka | wangachitheka, akachitheka, akangachitheka |
| Class 2 | bachitheka | bangachitheka, abachitheka, abangachitheka |
| Class 3 | wachitheka | wangachitheka, awachitheka, awangachitheka |
| Class 4 | yachitheka | yangachitheka, ayachitheka, ayangachitheka |
| Class 5 | lachitheka | langachitheka, alachitheka, alangachitheka |
| Class 6 | achitheka | angachitheka, awachitheka, awangachitheka |
| Class 7 | sachitheka | sangachitheka, asachitheka, asangachitheka |
| Class 8 | zachitheka | zangachitheka, azachitheka, azangachitheka |
| Class 9 | yachitheka | yangachitheka, ayachitheka, ayangachitheka |
| Class 10 | zachitheka | zangachitheka, azachitheka, azangachitheka |
| Class 11 | lwachitheka | lwangachitheka, alwachitheka, alwangachitheka |
| Class 14 | bachitheka | bangachitheka, abachitheka, abangachitheka |
| Class 15 | kwachitheka | kwangachitheka, akwachitheka, akwangachitheka |
| Class 17 | kwachitheka | kwangachitheka, akwachitheka, akwangachitheka |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “chitheka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “chitheka (3.2.9)”