# xhuma
## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish جمعه, from Arabic الْجُمْعَة (al-jumʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒuˈma/
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: xhu‧má

### Noun

xhuma f (plural xhumá, definite xhumája, definite plural xhumátë)
* (archaic) Friday
    Synonym: e premte

### References

* ↑ Bufli, G., Rocchi, L. (2021) “xhuma”, in A historical-etymological dictionary of Turkisms in Albanian (1555–1954), Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, page 514

### Further reading

* “xhuma”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980
* “xhuma”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-xhuma
* to leap

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ǁʰuːma/

### Verb

-xhuma
* (intransitive) to jump, to leap
* (transitive) to connect, to join, to link, to splice

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuxhuma |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuxhuma | ukungaxhumi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | xhuma | -xhume |
| Plural | xhumani | -xhumeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaxhuma, ngixhuma | engixhumayo, engixhuma | ngixhuma | angixhumi | engingaxhumi | ngingaxhumi |
| 2nd singular | uyaxhuma, uxhuma | oxhumayo, oxhuma | uxhuma | awuxhumi | ongaxhumi | ungaxhumi |
| 1st plural | siyaxhuma, sixhuma | esixhumayo, esixhuma | sixhuma | asixhumi | esingaxhumi | singaxhumi |
| 2nd plural | niyaxhuma, nixhuma | enixhumayo, enixhuma | nixhuma | anixhumi | eningaxhumi | ningaxhumi |
| Class 1 | uyaxhuma, uxhuma | oxhumayo, oxhuma | exhuma | akaxhumi | ongaxhumi | engaxhumi |
| Class 2 | bayaxhuma, baxhuma | abaxhumayo, abaxhuma | bexhuma | abaxhumi | abangaxhumi | bengaxhumi |
| Class 3 | uyaxhuma, uxhuma | oxhumayo, oxhuma | uxhuma | awuxhumi | ongaxhumi | ungaxhumi |
| Class 4 | iyaxhuma, ixhuma | exhumayo, exhuma | ixhuma | ayixhumi | engaxhumi | ingaxhumi |
| Class 5 | liyaxhuma, lixhuma | elixhumayo, elixhuma | lixhuma | alixhumi | elingaxhumi | lingaxhumi |
| Class 6 | ayaxhuma, axhuma | axhumayo, axhuma | exhuma | awaxhumi | angaxhumi | engaxhumi |
| Class 7 | siyaxhuma, sixhuma | esixhumayo, esixhuma | sixhuma | asixhumi | esingaxhumi | singaxhumi |
| Class 8 | ziyaxhuma, zixhuma | ezixhumayo, ezixhuma | zixhuma | azixhumi | ezingaxhumi | zingaxhumi |
| Class 9 | iyaxhuma, ixhuma | exhumayo, exhuma | ixhuma | ayixhumi | engaxhumi | ingaxhumi |
| Class 10 | ziyaxhuma, zixhuma | ezixhumayo, ezixhuma | zixhuma | azixhumi | ezingaxhumi | zingaxhumi |
| Class 11 | luyaxhuma, luxhuma | oluxhumayo, oluxhuma | luxhuma | aluxhumi | olungaxhumi | lungaxhumi |
| Class 14 | buyaxhuma, buxhuma | obuxhumayo, obuxhuma | buxhuma | abuxhumi | obungaxhumi | bungaxhumi |
| Class 15 | kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma | okuxhumayo, okuxhuma | kuxhuma | akuxhumi | okungaxhumi | kungaxhumi |
| Class 17 | kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma | okuxhumayo, okuxhuma | kuxhuma | akuxhumi | okungaxhumi | kungaxhumi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngixhumile, ngixhumē | engixhumile, engixhumē | ngixhumile, ngixhumē | angixhumanga | engingaxhumanga | ngingaxhumanga |
| 2nd singular | uxhumile, uxhumē | oxhumile, oxhumē | uxhumile, uxhumē | awuxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | ungaxhumanga |
| 1st plural | sixhumile, sixhumē | esixhumile, esixhumē | sixhumile, sixhumē | asixhumanga | esingaxhumanga | singaxhumanga |
| 2nd plural | nixhumile, nixhumē | enixhumile, enixhumē | nixhumile, nixhumē | anixhumanga | eningaxhumanga | ningaxhumanga |
| Class 1 | uxhumile, uxhumē | oxhumile, oxhumē | exhumile, exhumē | akaxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | engaxhumanga |
| Class 2 | baxhumile, baxhumē | abaxhumile, abaxhumē | bexhumile, bexhumē | abaxhumanga | abangaxhumanga | bengaxhumanga |
| Class 3 | uxhumile, uxhumē | oxhumile, oxhumē | uxhumile, uxhumē | awuxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | ungaxhumanga |
| Class 4 | ixhumile, ixhumē | exhumile, exhumē | ixhumile, ixhumē | ayixhumanga | engaxhumanga | ingaxhumanga |
| Class 5 | lixhumile, lixhumē | elixhumile, elixhumē | lixhumile, lixhumē | alixhumanga | elingaxhumanga | lingaxhumanga |
| Class 6 | axhumile, axhumē | axhumile, axhumē | exhumile, exhumē | awaxhumanga | angaxhumanga | engaxhumanga |
| Class 7 | sixhumile, sixhumē | esixhumile, esixhumē | sixhumile, sixhumē | asixhumanga | esingaxhumanga | singaxhumanga |
| Class 8 | zixhumile, zixhumē | ezixhumile, ezixhumē | zixhumile, zixhumē | azixhumanga | ezingaxhumanga | zingaxhumanga |
| Class 9 | ixhumile, ixhumē | exhumile, exhumē | ixhumile, ixhumē | ayixhumanga | engaxhumanga | ingaxhumanga |
| Class 10 | zixhumile, zixhumē | ezixhumile, ezixhumē | zixhumile, zixhumē | azixhumanga | ezingaxhumanga | zingaxhumanga |
| Class 11 | luxhumile, luxhumē | oluxhumile, oluxhumē | luxhumile, luxhumē | aluxhumanga | olungaxhumanga | lungaxhumanga |
| Class 14 | buxhumile, buxhumē | obuxhumile, obuxhumē | buxhumile, buxhumē | abuxhumanga | obungaxhumanga | bungaxhumanga |
| Class 15 | kuxhumile, kuxhumē | okuxhumile, okuxhumē | kuxhumile, kuxhumē | akuxhumanga | okungaxhumanga | kungaxhumanga |
| Class 17 | kuxhumile, kuxhumē | okuxhumile, okuxhumē | kuxhumile, kuxhumē | akuxhumanga | okungaxhumanga | kungaxhumanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāxhuma | engāxhuma | ngāxhuma | angixhumanga | engingaxhumanga | ngingaxhumanga |
| 2nd singular | wāxhuma | owāxhuma | wāxhuma | awuxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | ungaxhumanga |
| 1st plural | sāxhuma | esāxhuma | sāxhuma | asixhumanga | esingaxhumanga | singaxhumanga |
| 2nd plural | nāxhuma | enāxhuma | nāxhuma | anixhumanga | eningaxhumanga | ningaxhumanga |
| Class 1 | wāxhuma | owāxhuma | āxhuma | akaxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | engaxhumanga |
| Class 2 | bāxhuma | abāxhuma | bāxhuma | abaxhumanga | abangaxhumanga | bengaxhumanga |
| Class 3 | wāxhuma | owāxhuma | wāxhuma | awuxhumanga | ongaxhumanga | ungaxhumanga |
| Class 4 | yāxhuma | eyāxhuma | yāxhuma | ayixhumanga | engaxhumanga | ingaxhumanga |
| Class 5 | lāxhuma | elāxhuma | lāxhuma | alixhumanga | elingaxhumanga | lingaxhumanga |
| Class 6 | āxhuma | āxhuma | āxhuma | awaxhumanga | angaxhumanga | engaxhumanga |
| Class 7 | sāxhuma | esāxhuma | sāxhuma | asixhumanga | esingaxhumanga | singaxhumanga |
| Class 8 | zāxhuma | ezāxhuma | zāxhuma | azixhumanga | ezingaxhumanga | zingaxhumanga |
| Class 9 | yāxhuma | eyāxhuma | yāxhuma | ayixhumanga | engaxhumanga | ingaxhumanga |
| Class 10 | zāxhuma | ezāxhuma | zāxhuma | azixhumanga | ezingaxhumanga | zingaxhumanga |
| Class 11 | lwāxhuma | olwāxhuma | lwāxhuma | aluxhumanga | olungaxhumanga | lungaxhumanga |
| Class 14 | bāxhuma | obāxhuma | bāxhuma | abuxhumanga | obungaxhumanga | bungaxhumanga |
| Class 15 | kwāxhuma | okwāxhuma | kwāxhuma | akuxhumanga | okungaxhumanga | kungaxhumanga |
| Class 17 | kwāxhuma | okwāxhuma | kwāxhuma | akuxhumanga | okungaxhumanga | kungaxhumanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaxhuma | — | ngingaxhuma | ngingexhume | — | ngingexhume |
| 2nd singular | ungaxhuma | — | ungaxhuma | ungexhume | — | ungexhume |
| 1st plural | singaxhuma | — | singaxhuma | singexhume | — | singexhume |
| 2nd plural | ningaxhuma | — | ningaxhuma | ningexhume | — | ningexhume |
| Class 1 | angaxhuma | — | engaxhuma | angexhume | — | engexhume |
| Class 2 | bangaxhuma | — | bengaxhuma | bangexhume | — | bengexhume |
| Class 3 | ungaxhuma | — | ungaxhuma | ungexhume | — | ungexhume |
| Class 4 | ingaxhuma | — | ingaxhuma | ingexhume | — | ingexhume |
| Class 5 | lingaxhuma | — | lingaxhuma | lingexhume | — | lingexhume |
| Class 6 | angaxhuma | — | engaxhuma | angexhume | — | engexhume |
| Class 7 | singaxhuma | — | singaxhuma | singexhume | — | singexhume |
| Class 8 | zingaxhuma | — | zingaxhuma | zingexhume | — | zingexhume |
| Class 9 | ingaxhuma | — | ingaxhuma | ingexhume | — | ingexhume |
| Class 10 | zingaxhuma | — | zingaxhuma | zingexhume | — | zingexhume |
| Class 11 | lungaxhuma | — | lungaxhuma | lungexhume | — | lungexhume |
| Class 14 | bungaxhuma | — | bungaxhuma | bungexhume | — | bungexhume |
| Class 15 | kungaxhuma | — | kungaxhuma | kungexhume | — | kungexhume |
| Class 17 | kungaxhuma | — | kungaxhuma | kungexhume | — | kungexhume |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoxhuma | engizoxhuma | ngizoxhuma | angizuxhuma | engingezuxhuma | ngingezuxhuma |
| 2nd singular | uzoxhuma | ozoxhuma | uzoxhuma | awuzuxhuma | ongezuxhuma | ungezuxhuma |
| 1st plural | sizoxhuma | esizoxhuma | sizoxhuma | asizuxhuma | esingezuxhuma | singezuxhuma |
| 2nd plural | nizoxhuma | enizoxhuma | nizoxhuma | anizuxhuma | eningezuxhuma | ningezuxhuma |
| Class 1 | uzoxhuma | ozoxhuma | ezoxhuma | akazuxhuma | ongezuxhuma | engezuxhuma |
| Class 2 | bazoxhuma | abazoxhuma | bezoxhuma | abazuxhuma | abangezuxhuma | bengezuxhuma |
| Class 3 | uzoxhuma | ozoxhuma | uzoxhuma | awuzuxhuma | ongezuxhuma | ungezuxhuma |
| Class 4 | izoxhuma | ezoxhuma | izoxhuma | ayizuxhuma | engezuxhuma | ingezuxhuma |
| Class 5 | lizoxhuma | elizoxhuma | lizoxhuma | alizuxhuma | elingezuxhuma | lingezuxhuma |
| Class 6 | azoxhuma | azoxhuma | ezoxhuma | awazuxhuma | angezuxhuma | engezuxhuma |
| Class 7 | sizoxhuma | esizoxhuma | sizoxhuma | asizuxhuma | esingezuxhuma | singezuxhuma |
| Class 8 | zizoxhuma | ezizoxhuma | zizoxhuma | azizuxhuma | ezingezuxhuma | zingezuxhuma |
| Class 9 | izoxhuma | ezoxhuma | izoxhuma | ayizuxhuma | engezuxhuma | ingezuxhuma |
| Class 10 | zizoxhuma | ezizoxhuma | zizoxhuma | azizuxhuma | ezingezuxhuma | zingezuxhuma |
| Class 11 | luzoxhuma | oluzoxhuma | luzoxhuma | aluzuxhuma | olungezuxhuma | lungezuxhuma |
| Class 14 | buzoxhuma | obuzoxhuma | buzoxhuma | abuzuxhuma | obungezuxhuma | bungezuxhuma |
| Class 15 | kuzoxhuma | okuzoxhuma | kuzoxhuma | akuzuxhuma | okungezuxhuma | kungezuxhuma |
| Class 17 | kuzoxhuma | okuzoxhuma | kuzoxhuma | akuzuxhuma | okungezuxhuma | kungezuxhuma |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoxhuma | engiyoxhuma | ngiyoxhuma | angiyuxhuma | engingeyuxhuma | ngingeyuxhuma |
| 2nd singular | uyoxhuma | oyoxhuma | uyoxhuma | awuyuxhuma | ongeyuxhuma | ungeyuxhuma |
| 1st plural | siyoxhuma | esiyoxhuma | siyoxhuma | asiyuxhuma | esingeyuxhuma | singeyuxhuma |
| 2nd plural | niyoxhuma | eniyoxhuma | niyoxhuma | aniyuxhuma | eningeyuxhuma | ningeyuxhuma |
| Class 1 | uyoxhuma | oyoxhuma | eyoxhuma | akayuxhuma | ongeyuxhuma | engeyuxhuma |
| Class 2 | bayoxhuma | abayoxhuma | beyoxhuma | abayuxhuma | abangeyuxhuma | bengeyuxhuma |
| Class 3 | uyoxhuma | oyoxhuma | uyoxhuma | awuyuxhuma | ongeyuxhuma | ungeyuxhuma |
| Class 4 | iyoxhuma | eyoxhuma | iyoxhuma | ayiyuxhuma | engeyuxhuma | ingeyuxhuma |
| Class 5 | liyoxhuma | eliyoxhuma | liyoxhuma | aliyuxhuma | elingeyuxhuma | lingeyuxhuma |
| Class 6 | ayoxhuma | ayoxhuma | eyoxhuma | awayuxhuma | angeyuxhuma | engeyuxhuma |
| Class 7 | siyoxhuma | esiyoxhuma | siyoxhuma | asiyuxhuma | esingeyuxhuma | singeyuxhuma |
| Class 8 | ziyoxhuma | eziyoxhuma | ziyoxhuma | aziyuxhuma | ezingeyuxhuma | zingeyuxhuma |
| Class 9 | iyoxhuma | eyoxhuma | iyoxhuma | ayiyuxhuma | engeyuxhuma | ingeyuxhuma |
| Class 10 | ziyoxhuma | eziyoxhuma | ziyoxhuma | aziyuxhuma | ezingeyuxhuma | zingeyuxhuma |
| Class 11 | luyoxhuma | oluyoxhuma | luyoxhuma | aluyuxhuma | olungeyuxhuma | lungeyuxhuma |
| Class 14 | buyoxhuma | obuyoxhuma | buyoxhuma | abuyuxhuma | obungeyuxhuma | bungeyuxhuma |
| Class 15 | kuyoxhuma | okuyoxhuma | kuyoxhuma | akuyuxhuma | okungeyuxhuma | kungeyuxhuma |
| Class 17 | kuyoxhuma | okuyoxhuma | kuyoxhuma | akuyuxhuma | okungeyuxhuma | kungeyuxhuma |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngixhume | ngingaxhumi |
| 2nd singular | uxhume | ungaxhumi |
| 1st plural | sixhume | singaxhumi |
| 2nd plural | nixhume | ningaxhumi |
| Class 1 | axhume | angaxhumi |
| Class 2 | baxhume | bangaxhumi |
| Class 3 | uxhume | ungaxhumi |
| Class 4 | ixhume | ingaxhumi |
| Class 5 | lixhume | lingaxhumi |
| Class 6 | axhume | angaxhumi |
| Class 7 | sixhume | singaxhumi |
| Class 8 | zixhume | zingaxhumi |
| Class 9 | ixhume | ingaxhumi |
| Class 10 | zixhume | zingaxhumi |
| Class 11 | luxhume | lungaxhumi |
| Class 14 | buxhume | bungaxhumi |
| Class 15 | kuxhume | kungaxhumi |
| Class 17 | kuxhume | kungaxhumi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaxhuma | ngangaxhuma, angaxhuma, angangaxhuma |
| 2nd singular | waxhuma | wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma |
| 1st plural | saxhuma | sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma |
| 2nd plural | naxhuma | nangaxhuma, anaxhuma, anangaxhuma |
| Class 1 | waxhuma | wangaxhuma, akaxhuma, akangaxhuma |
| Class 2 | baxhuma | bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma |
| Class 3 | waxhuma | wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma |
| Class 4 | yaxhuma | yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma |
| Class 5 | laxhuma | langaxhuma, alaxhuma, alangaxhuma |
| Class 6 | axhuma | angaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma |
| Class 7 | saxhuma | sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma |
| Class 8 | zaxhuma | zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma |
| Class 9 | yaxhuma | yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma |
| Class 10 | zaxhuma | zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma |
| Class 11 | lwaxhuma | lwangaxhuma, alwaxhuma, alwangaxhuma |
| Class 14 | baxhuma | bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma |
| Class 15 | kwaxhuma | kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma |
| Class 17 | kwaxhuma | kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “xhuma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “xhuma (6.3)”