# chitha
## Northern Ndebele
### Verb

-chitha
* to spill

#### Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

## Southern Ndebele
### Verb

-chitha
* to waste

#### Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-chitha
* to waste, to spill
* to destroy

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* inkcitho

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-chitha
* to scatter
* to spread
* to spill
* to waste
* to destroy, to defeat

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuchitha |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuchitha | ukungachithi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | chitha | -chithe |
| Plural | chithani | -chitheni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyachitha, ngichitha | engichithayo, engichitha | ngichitha | angichithi | engingachithi | ngingachithi |
| 2nd singular | uyachitha, uchitha | ochithayo, ochitha | uchitha | awuchithi | ongachithi | ungachithi |
| 1st plural | siyachitha, sichitha | esichithayo, esichitha | sichitha | asichithi | esingachithi | singachithi |
| 2nd plural | niyachitha, nichitha | enichithayo, enichitha | nichitha | anichithi | eningachithi | ningachithi |
| Class 1 | uyachitha, uchitha | ochithayo, ochitha | echitha | akachithi | ongachithi | engachithi |
| Class 2 | bayachitha, bachitha | abachithayo, abachitha | bechitha | abachithi | abangachithi | bengachithi |
| Class 3 | uyachitha, uchitha | ochithayo, ochitha | uchitha | awuchithi | ongachithi | ungachithi |
| Class 4 | iyachitha, ichitha | echithayo, echitha | ichitha | ayichithi | engachithi | ingachithi |
| Class 5 | liyachitha, lichitha | elichithayo, elichitha | lichitha | alichithi | elingachithi | lingachithi |
| Class 6 | ayachitha, achitha | achithayo, achitha | echitha | awachithi | angachithi | engachithi |
| Class 7 | siyachitha, sichitha | esichithayo, esichitha | sichitha | asichithi | esingachithi | singachithi |
| Class 8 | ziyachitha, zichitha | ezichithayo, ezichitha | zichitha | azichithi | ezingachithi | zingachithi |
| Class 9 | iyachitha, ichitha | echithayo, echitha | ichitha | ayichithi | engachithi | ingachithi |
| Class 10 | ziyachitha, zichitha | ezichithayo, ezichitha | zichitha | azichithi | ezingachithi | zingachithi |
| Class 11 | luyachitha, luchitha | oluchithayo, oluchitha | luchitha | aluchithi | olungachithi | lungachithi |
| Class 14 | buyachitha, buchitha | obuchithayo, obuchitha | buchitha | abuchithi | obungachithi | bungachithi |
| Class 15 | kuyachitha, kuchitha | okuchithayo, okuchitha | kuchitha | akuchithi | okungachithi | kungachithi |
| Class 17 | kuyachitha, kuchitha | okuchithayo, okuchitha | kuchitha | akuchithi | okungachithi | kungachithi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngichithile, ngichithē | engichithile, engichithē | ngichithile, ngichithē | angichithanga | engingachithanga | ngingachithanga |
| 2nd singular | uchithile, uchithē | ochithile, ochithē | uchithile, uchithē | awuchithanga | ongachithanga | ungachithanga |
| 1st plural | sichithile, sichithē | esichithile, esichithē | sichithile, sichithē | asichithanga | esingachithanga | singachithanga |
| 2nd plural | nichithile, nichithē | enichithile, enichithē | nichithile, nichithē | anichithanga | eningachithanga | ningachithanga |
| Class 1 | uchithile, uchithē | ochithile, ochithē | echithile, echithē | akachithanga | ongachithanga | engachithanga |
| Class 2 | bachithile, bachithē | abachithile, abachithē | bechithile, bechithē | abachithanga | abangachithanga | bengachithanga |
| Class 3 | uchithile, uchithē | ochithile, ochithē | uchithile, uchithē | awuchithanga | ongachithanga | ungachithanga |
| Class 4 | ichithile, ichithē | echithile, echithē | ichithile, ichithē | ayichithanga | engachithanga | ingachithanga |
| Class 5 | lichithile, lichithē | elichithile, elichithē | lichithile, lichithē | alichithanga | elingachithanga | lingachithanga |
| Class 6 | achithile, achithē | achithile, achithē | echithile, echithē | awachithanga | angachithanga | engachithanga |
| Class 7 | sichithile, sichithē | esichithile, esichithē | sichithile, sichithē | asichithanga | esingachithanga | singachithanga |
| Class 8 | zichithile, zichithē | ezichithile, ezichithē | zichithile, zichithē | azichithanga | ezingachithanga | zingachithanga |
| Class 9 | ichithile, ichithē | echithile, echithē | ichithile, ichithē | ayichithanga | engachithanga | ingachithanga |
| Class 10 | zichithile, zichithē | ezichithile, ezichithē | zichithile, zichithē | azichithanga | ezingachithanga | zingachithanga |
| Class 11 | luchithile, luchithē | oluchithile, oluchithē | luchithile, luchithē | aluchithanga | olungachithanga | lungachithanga |
| Class 14 | buchithile, buchithē | obuchithile, obuchithē | buchithile, buchithē | abuchithanga | obungachithanga | bungachithanga |
| Class 15 | kuchithile, kuchithē | okuchithile, okuchithē | kuchithile, kuchithē | akuchithanga | okungachithanga | kungachithanga |
| Class 17 | kuchithile, kuchithē | okuchithile, okuchithē | kuchithile, kuchithē | akuchithanga | okungachithanga | kungachithanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāchitha | engāchitha | ngāchitha | angichithanga | engingachithanga | ngingachithanga |
| 2nd singular | wāchitha | owāchitha | wāchitha | awuchithanga | ongachithanga | ungachithanga |
| 1st plural | sāchitha | esāchitha | sāchitha | asichithanga | esingachithanga | singachithanga |
| 2nd plural | nāchitha | enāchitha | nāchitha | anichithanga | eningachithanga | ningachithanga |
| Class 1 | wāchitha | owāchitha | āchitha | akachithanga | ongachithanga | engachithanga |
| Class 2 | bāchitha | abāchitha | bāchitha | abachithanga | abangachithanga | bengachithanga |
| Class 3 | wāchitha | owāchitha | wāchitha | awuchithanga | ongachithanga | ungachithanga |
| Class 4 | yāchitha | eyāchitha | yāchitha | ayichithanga | engachithanga | ingachithanga |
| Class 5 | lāchitha | elāchitha | lāchitha | alichithanga | elingachithanga | lingachithanga |
| Class 6 | āchitha | āchitha | āchitha | awachithanga | angachithanga | engachithanga |
| Class 7 | sāchitha | esāchitha | sāchitha | asichithanga | esingachithanga | singachithanga |
| Class 8 | zāchitha | ezāchitha | zāchitha | azichithanga | ezingachithanga | zingachithanga |
| Class 9 | yāchitha | eyāchitha | yāchitha | ayichithanga | engachithanga | ingachithanga |
| Class 10 | zāchitha | ezāchitha | zāchitha | azichithanga | ezingachithanga | zingachithanga |
| Class 11 | lwāchitha | olwāchitha | lwāchitha | aluchithanga | olungachithanga | lungachithanga |
| Class 14 | bāchitha | obāchitha | bāchitha | abuchithanga | obungachithanga | bungachithanga |
| Class 15 | kwāchitha | okwāchitha | kwāchitha | akuchithanga | okungachithanga | kungachithanga |
| Class 17 | kwāchitha | okwāchitha | kwāchitha | akuchithanga | okungachithanga | kungachithanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingachitha | — | ngingachitha | ngingechithe | — | ngingechithe |
| 2nd singular | ungachitha | — | ungachitha | ungechithe | — | ungechithe |
| 1st plural | singachitha | — | singachitha | singechithe | — | singechithe |
| 2nd plural | ningachitha | — | ningachitha | ningechithe | — | ningechithe |
| Class 1 | angachitha | — | engachitha | angechithe | — | engechithe |
| Class 2 | bangachitha | — | bengachitha | bangechithe | — | bengechithe |
| Class 3 | ungachitha | — | ungachitha | ungechithe | — | ungechithe |
| Class 4 | ingachitha | — | ingachitha | ingechithe | — | ingechithe |
| Class 5 | lingachitha | — | lingachitha | lingechithe | — | lingechithe |
| Class 6 | angachitha | — | engachitha | angechithe | — | engechithe |
| Class 7 | singachitha | — | singachitha | singechithe | — | singechithe |
| Class 8 | zingachitha | — | zingachitha | zingechithe | — | zingechithe |
| Class 9 | ingachitha | — | ingachitha | ingechithe | — | ingechithe |
| Class 10 | zingachitha | — | zingachitha | zingechithe | — | zingechithe |
| Class 11 | lungachitha | — | lungachitha | lungechithe | — | lungechithe |
| Class 14 | bungachitha | — | bungachitha | bungechithe | — | bungechithe |
| Class 15 | kungachitha | — | kungachitha | kungechithe | — | kungechithe |
| Class 17 | kungachitha | — | kungachitha | kungechithe | — | kungechithe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizochitha | engizochitha | ngizochitha | angizuchitha | engingezuchitha | ngingezuchitha |
| 2nd singular | uzochitha | ozochitha | uzochitha | awuzuchitha | ongezuchitha | ungezuchitha |
| 1st plural | sizochitha | esizochitha | sizochitha | asizuchitha | esingezuchitha | singezuchitha |
| 2nd plural | nizochitha | enizochitha | nizochitha | anizuchitha | eningezuchitha | ningezuchitha |
| Class 1 | uzochitha | ozochitha | ezochitha | akazuchitha | ongezuchitha | engezuchitha |
| Class 2 | bazochitha | abazochitha | bezochitha | abazuchitha | abangezuchitha | bengezuchitha |
| Class 3 | uzochitha | ozochitha | uzochitha | awuzuchitha | ongezuchitha | ungezuchitha |
| Class 4 | izochitha | ezochitha | izochitha | ayizuchitha | engezuchitha | ingezuchitha |
| Class 5 | lizochitha | elizochitha | lizochitha | alizuchitha | elingezuchitha | lingezuchitha |
| Class 6 | azochitha | azochitha | ezochitha | awazuchitha | angezuchitha | engezuchitha |
| Class 7 | sizochitha | esizochitha | sizochitha | asizuchitha | esingezuchitha | singezuchitha |
| Class 8 | zizochitha | ezizochitha | zizochitha | azizuchitha | ezingezuchitha | zingezuchitha |
| Class 9 | izochitha | ezochitha | izochitha | ayizuchitha | engezuchitha | ingezuchitha |
| Class 10 | zizochitha | ezizochitha | zizochitha | azizuchitha | ezingezuchitha | zingezuchitha |
| Class 11 | luzochitha | oluzochitha | luzochitha | aluzuchitha | olungezuchitha | lungezuchitha |
| Class 14 | buzochitha | obuzochitha | buzochitha | abuzuchitha | obungezuchitha | bungezuchitha |
| Class 15 | kuzochitha | okuzochitha | kuzochitha | akuzuchitha | okungezuchitha | kungezuchitha |
| Class 17 | kuzochitha | okuzochitha | kuzochitha | akuzuchitha | okungezuchitha | kungezuchitha |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyochitha | engiyochitha | ngiyochitha | angiyuchitha | engingeyuchitha | ngingeyuchitha |
| 2nd singular | uyochitha | oyochitha | uyochitha | awuyuchitha | ongeyuchitha | ungeyuchitha |
| 1st plural | siyochitha | esiyochitha | siyochitha | asiyuchitha | esingeyuchitha | singeyuchitha |
| 2nd plural | niyochitha | eniyochitha | niyochitha | aniyuchitha | eningeyuchitha | ningeyuchitha |
| Class 1 | uyochitha | oyochitha | eyochitha | akayuchitha | ongeyuchitha | engeyuchitha |
| Class 2 | bayochitha | abayochitha | beyochitha | abayuchitha | abangeyuchitha | bengeyuchitha |
| Class 3 | uyochitha | oyochitha | uyochitha | awuyuchitha | ongeyuchitha | ungeyuchitha |
| Class 4 | iyochitha | eyochitha | iyochitha | ayiyuchitha | engeyuchitha | ingeyuchitha |
| Class 5 | liyochitha | eliyochitha | liyochitha | aliyuchitha | elingeyuchitha | lingeyuchitha |
| Class 6 | ayochitha | ayochitha | eyochitha | awayuchitha | angeyuchitha | engeyuchitha |
| Class 7 | siyochitha | esiyochitha | siyochitha | asiyuchitha | esingeyuchitha | singeyuchitha |
| Class 8 | ziyochitha | eziyochitha | ziyochitha | aziyuchitha | ezingeyuchitha | zingeyuchitha |
| Class 9 | iyochitha | eyochitha | iyochitha | ayiyuchitha | engeyuchitha | ingeyuchitha |
| Class 10 | ziyochitha | eziyochitha | ziyochitha | aziyuchitha | ezingeyuchitha | zingeyuchitha |
| Class 11 | luyochitha | oluyochitha | luyochitha | aluyuchitha | olungeyuchitha | lungeyuchitha |
| Class 14 | buyochitha | obuyochitha | buyochitha | abuyuchitha | obungeyuchitha | bungeyuchitha |
| Class 15 | kuyochitha | okuyochitha | kuyochitha | akuyuchitha | okungeyuchitha | kungeyuchitha |
| Class 17 | kuyochitha | okuyochitha | kuyochitha | akuyuchitha | okungeyuchitha | kungeyuchitha |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngichithe | ngingachithi |
| 2nd singular | uchithe | ungachithi |
| 1st plural | sichithe | singachithi |
| 2nd plural | nichithe | ningachithi |
| Class 1 | achithe | angachithi |
| Class 2 | bachithe | bangachithi |
| Class 3 | uchithe | ungachithi |
| Class 4 | ichithe | ingachithi |
| Class 5 | lichithe | lingachithi |
| Class 6 | achithe | angachithi |
| Class 7 | sichithe | singachithi |
| Class 8 | zichithe | zingachithi |
| Class 9 | ichithe | ingachithi |
| Class 10 | zichithe | zingachithi |
| Class 11 | luchithe | lungachithi |
| Class 14 | buchithe | bungachithi |
| Class 15 | kuchithe | kungachithi |
| Class 17 | kuchithe | kungachithi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngachitha | ngangachitha, angachitha, angangachitha |
| 2nd singular | wachitha | wangachitha, awachitha, awangachitha |
| 1st plural | sachitha | sangachitha, asachitha, asangachitha |
| 2nd plural | nachitha | nangachitha, anachitha, anangachitha |
| Class 1 | wachitha | wangachitha, akachitha, akangachitha |
| Class 2 | bachitha | bangachitha, abachitha, abangachitha |
| Class 3 | wachitha | wangachitha, awachitha, awangachitha |
| Class 4 | yachitha | yangachitha, ayachitha, ayangachitha |
| Class 5 | lachitha | langachitha, alachitha, alangachitha |
| Class 6 | achitha | angachitha, awachitha, awangachitha |
| Class 7 | sachitha | sangachitha, asachitha, asangachitha |
| Class 8 | zachitha | zangachitha, azachitha, azangachitha |
| Class 9 | yachitha | yangachitha, ayachitha, ayangachitha |
| Class 10 | zachitha | zangachitha, azachitha, azangachitha |
| Class 11 | lwachitha | lwangachitha, alwachitha, alwangachitha |
| Class 14 | bachitha | bangachitha, abachitha, abangachitha |
| Class 15 | kwachitha | kwangachitha, akwachitha, akwangachitha |
| Class 17 | kwachitha | kwangachitha, akwachitha, akwangachitha |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “chitha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “chitha (6.3)”