# Makung
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Mandarin 馬公 (Mǎgōng) Wade–Giles romanization: Ma³-kung¹.

### Proper noun

Makung
* Alternative form of Magong
** [1845 June, Richard Collinson, “Sailing Directions for the Panghú, or Pescadore Archipelago, with notices of the islands.”, in The Chinese Repository‎, volume XIV, number 6, Canton, →OCLC, page 249:We may remark here, that the Pescadore Group of islands forms one of the six districts which constitute Táiwán fú 臺灣府, the department of Táiwán, or Formosa. The Group is called by the Chinese, in their statistical works, Panghú ting, 澎湖廳, or the district of Panghú, and is under the immediate government of a magistrate, a subordinate of the prefect, or chífú, of Formosa. He resides at Mákung (Macon, as the place is called by foreigners), and has under his command a few hundred soldiers.]
** 1885 April 9, “Summary of the Week's News”, in The Nation‎, volume XL, number 1032, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 295, column 1:The situation of the French troops is better than recent overdrawn accounts have indicated. The French fleet has bombarded the forts defending Pong-Hon and Makung, dismantling the forts and burning the village of Makung. The Chinese garrison suffered severely.
** 1887 October 5, “TAMSUI.”, in North-China Herald‎, volume XXXIX, number 1053, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 372, column 3:All that night the weather seems to have remained quiet but in the morning the sea began to rise and the wind to freshen. This with the tide-rush made so great a surf round the vessel that the fishing boats, (which by this time had been brought off by a small official who observed the disaster from his station in Makung,) could do no more than dodge round at a distance.
** 1895 August 24, “The Formosan Imbroglio.”, in The Saturday Review‎, volume 80, number 2078, page 230, column 2:The Emperor of China sent a high mandarin to meet an official delegated for the purpose by the Mikado, and the island was transferred to the Japanese with all due formality, last month, at Makung, the chief city of the Pescadores.
** 1926, H. W. Wilson, chapter V, in Battleships in Action‎, volume I, Toronto: Ryerson Press, →OCLC, page 82:On March 29, Courbet, with a landing force, arrived at the Pescadores and bombarded the weak forts protecting the harbours at Ponghun and Mahung, where landings were effected, and Makung was occupied on March 31.
** 1953 April 16 [1953 April 15], “Chinese Nationalist Steamer Missing”, in The Washington Post‎, number 28063, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 29, column 1:The official Central News Agency said the steamer was sailing from Kaohsiung in southwest Formosa to Makung in the Pescadores Islands.
** 1968 November, “Welcome Home”, in All Hands‎, number 622, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 43, column 1:During the exercise Cavalier steamed to Makung in the Pescadores Islands off Taiwan to pick up units of the Chinese First Marine Division who were to be embarked for landings near Kaohsiung. Cavalier became the largest U. S. ship to call at Makung since World War II.
** 1980 July 13, “Vietnamese refugees find new life in ROC”, in Free China Weekly [自由中國週報]‎, volume XXI, number 27, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, column 1:The refugees, who are either flown in from Bangkok by China Airlines, or have been picked up at sea by the ROC’s naval craft and fishing boats, are sent to the Indochinese Refugee Center at Paisha in the Penghu (Pescadores) islands, near the county capital of Makung.
** 1982 October, Geoff Crowther, “Taiwan — Around the Country”, in Korea & Taiwan: A Travel Survival Kit (Lonely Planet)‎, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 170, column 2:Kaohsiung is where you get the car ferry to Makung, the capital of Pescadores Island (Penghu).
** 1997, “First Success: The Evolution of Japanese Naval Tactics and the Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895”, in Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941‎, Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 50:With China’s cession of these territories at the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895, Japan acquired a strategic dimension appropriate to the age of imperialism. Not only could the navy establish an important base at Makung (known to Japanese navy men as Bakō) in the Pescadores, but these new semitropical territories could now be considered as stepping stones for a nanshin (southward advance) of Japanese power, commerce, and influence into southern China, Southeast Asia, and the South Pacific.
** 2002 May 26, Keith Bradsher, “Taiwanese Airliner With 225 Aboard Crashes in Sea”, in The New York Times‎, archived from the original on 16 February 2011‎:The Aviation Safety Council, Taiwan's air safety regulator, said rescuers began finding bodies and wreckage in the water less than three hours later about 12 miles north of Makung, the county seat of the Penghu Islands near the southern end of the Taiwan Strait.
** 2002 June 18, “Vice President Lu Tours Penghu and Promotes Tourism”, in 中華民國總統府 [Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan)]‎, archived from the original on 10 October 2022‎:Reports said that fewer tourists have come to Penghu since the Hong Kong-bound plane crashed off Makung, Penghu, May 25, killing all 206 passengers and 19 crew aboard.
** 2008 November 17, Ralph Jennings, “Taiwan nearing approval for casinos - sources”, in Kim Coghill, editor, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 09 October 2022, Breaking City News‎:“We don’t want to exceed three licences. We’re not going to be the same as Macau,” said Su Kun-hsiung, mayor of Penghu’s main city Makung, citing concerns about theft and prostitution. Macau, East Asia’s major gaming city, has 28 casinos.
** 2011, Barbara Weightman, “Korea and Taiwan: Tigers Rising”, in Dragons and Tigers: A Geography of South, East and Southeast Asia‎, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 375:The Penghu were colonized by the Portuguese, who named them the Pescadores (Fishermen). Here, fringing reefs provide good shelter for ships and there is an important naval base at Makung.
** 2016, Matthew B. Christensen, “Visiting China”, in A Geek in China: Discovering the Land of Bullet Trains, Alibaba and Dim Sum‎, Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 137, column 3:The main city in the Penghu islands is Makung, which can be reached by plane or boat from several of Taiwan’s cities.
** 2017 July 2, “Kaohsiung-Penghu ferry services suspended Monday due to tropical storm”, in Focus Taiwan‎, archived from the original on 09 October 2022, Society‎:The Taiwan Navigation Company (TNC) announced Sunday that due to an approaching tropical storm, ferry services between Koahsiung and Makung in offshore Penghu County will be suspended the following day.
** 2018 March 9, David Spencer, “Top 10 alternative things to see and do on Penghu”, in Taiwan News‎, archived from the original on 10 November 2018, Travel & Cuisine‎:The Chienyi Tang Chinese Traditional Medicine Store is located is a handsome building to the rear of the main Matsu Temple (澎湖天后宮) in Makung.
** (Can we date this quote?), “President Tsai”, in 中華民國總統府 [Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan)]‎, archived from the original on 23 May 2019, President & vice president:2019-04-17 Visits Air Defense Missile Command in Makung, Penghu County, and on behalf of the Taiwan people, shows appreciation and support to our brothers and sisters in uniform for staying on the alert and keeping us informed of China's military actions during this period.
** 2019, Yadong Wang et al., “Separation of convective and stratiform precipitation using polarimetric radar data with a support vector machine method”, in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques‎, volume 14, number 1, published 2021, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 January 2021‎:In the current work, the SVM precipitation separation approach was developed and validated on a C-band polarimetric radar (RCMK) located at Makung, Taiwan (Fig. 1). […] Strong downdrafts triggered by this storm caused an aircraft crash at the airport of Makung at 11:06 UTC.
** 2019 July 4, “History”, in 法務部矯正署澎湖監獄 [Penghu Prison, Agency of Corrections, Ministry of Justice]‎, archived from the original on 02 March 2021‎:Originally located on Hsinsheng Road in Makung City, the location proved to be inadequate to meet the expanding needs, and in 1986 a new setting was chosen. The new prison was finished and the transfer completed at the end of 1988.
** 2019 September 6, Stuart Heaver, “When maritime disaster all but wiped out Hong Kong’s cricket team – the sinking of the SS Bokhara in 1892”, in South China Morning Post‎, archived from the original on 06 September 2019‎:On Thursday morning, the castaways were taken to Makung, the capital of Penghu, and placed under the care of the archipelago’s mandarin.
** 2020, Fang-Chung (張芳全) Chang, “離島地區國中生的家庭社經地位與英語學習成就相關之研究：以父親與自我教育期望為中介變項 [The Relationship Between Family Socioeconomic Status and English Learning Achievement of Middle School Students in Outlying Islands: With Fathers and Self-Education Expectations as Mediators]”, in 臺北市立大學學報 [Journal of University of Taipei]‎, volume 53, number 1, published 2022, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 10 October 2022, page 44:This study explores the relationship between family socioeconomic status (SES) and English learning achievement of grade 7 students in Makung, Penghu County.
** 2022 July 31, Han Cheung, “Taiwan in Time: When the Dutch were twice kicked out of Penghu”, in Taipei Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 30 July 2022, Features, page 13‎:In August 1624, a fleet of 200 ships and 10,000 troops surrounded Makung and cut off its supply routes.
** 2023 July 19, Angelina, “Why is there a French cemetery in Keelung?”, in 雨都漫步 Keelung For A Walk‎, archived from the original on October 04, 2023, Places‎:The shape of the monuments is similar to the war memorial you can find in France too. You can observe the tombs of Dert, the purser of the French Navy, and of Lieutenant Johenne, another officer of the French Navy. Both were initially inhumed at Makung, in Penghu. They were later transferred to the cemetery of Keelung during its 1954 renovations, along the other tombs that laid in Makung.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Makung.

### Further reading

* Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “Makung”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World‎, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 1126, column 1
* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Makung”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1848, column 3