# qhathanisa
## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ǃʰatʰaníːsa/

### Verb

-qhathanísa
* (transitive) to compare

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuqhathanisa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuqhathanisa | ukungaqhathanisi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | qhathanisa | -qhathanise |
| Plural | qhathanisani | -qhathaniseni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaqhathanisa, ngiqhathanisa | engiqhathanisayo, engiqhathanisa | ngiqhathanisa | angiqhathanisi | engingaqhathanisi | ngingaqhathanisi |
| 2nd singular | uyaqhathanisa, uqhathanisa | oqhathanisayo, oqhathanisa | uqhathanisa | awuqhathanisi | ongaqhathanisi | ungaqhathanisi |
| 1st plural | siyaqhathanisa, siqhathanisa | esiqhathanisayo, esiqhathanisa | siqhathanisa | asiqhathanisi | esingaqhathanisi | singaqhathanisi |
| 2nd plural | niyaqhathanisa, niqhathanisa | eniqhathanisayo, eniqhathanisa | niqhathanisa | aniqhathanisi | eningaqhathanisi | ningaqhathanisi |
| Class 1 | uyaqhathanisa, uqhathanisa | oqhathanisayo, oqhathanisa | eqhathanisa | akaqhathanisi | ongaqhathanisi | engaqhathanisi |
| Class 2 | bayaqhathanisa, baqhathanisa | abaqhathanisayo, abaqhathanisa | beqhathanisa | abaqhathanisi | abangaqhathanisi | bengaqhathanisi |
| Class 3 | uyaqhathanisa, uqhathanisa | oqhathanisayo, oqhathanisa | uqhathanisa | awuqhathanisi | ongaqhathanisi | ungaqhathanisi |
| Class 4 | iyaqhathanisa, iqhathanisa | eqhathanisayo, eqhathanisa | iqhathanisa | ayiqhathanisi | engaqhathanisi | ingaqhathanisi |
| Class 5 | liyaqhathanisa, liqhathanisa | eliqhathanisayo, eliqhathanisa | liqhathanisa | aliqhathanisi | elingaqhathanisi | lingaqhathanisi |
| Class 6 | ayaqhathanisa, aqhathanisa | aqhathanisayo, aqhathanisa | eqhathanisa | awaqhathanisi | angaqhathanisi | engaqhathanisi |
| Class 7 | siyaqhathanisa, siqhathanisa | esiqhathanisayo, esiqhathanisa | siqhathanisa | asiqhathanisi | esingaqhathanisi | singaqhathanisi |
| Class 8 | ziyaqhathanisa, ziqhathanisa | eziqhathanisayo, eziqhathanisa | ziqhathanisa | aziqhathanisi | ezingaqhathanisi | zingaqhathanisi |
| Class 9 | iyaqhathanisa, iqhathanisa | eqhathanisayo, eqhathanisa | iqhathanisa | ayiqhathanisi | engaqhathanisi | ingaqhathanisi |
| Class 10 | ziyaqhathanisa, ziqhathanisa | eziqhathanisayo, eziqhathanisa | ziqhathanisa | aziqhathanisi | ezingaqhathanisi | zingaqhathanisi |
| Class 11 | luyaqhathanisa, luqhathanisa | oluqhathanisayo, oluqhathanisa | luqhathanisa | aluqhathanisi | olungaqhathanisi | lungaqhathanisi |
| Class 14 | buyaqhathanisa, buqhathanisa | obuqhathanisayo, obuqhathanisa | buqhathanisa | abuqhathanisi | obungaqhathanisi | bungaqhathanisi |
| Class 15 | kuyaqhathanisa, kuqhathanisa | okuqhathanisayo, okuqhathanisa | kuqhathanisa | akuqhathanisi | okungaqhathanisi | kungaqhathanisi |
| Class 17 | kuyaqhathanisa, kuqhathanisa | okuqhathanisayo, okuqhathanisa | kuqhathanisa | akuqhathanisi | okungaqhathanisi | kungaqhathanisi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiqhathanisile, ngiqhathanisē | engiqhathanisile, engiqhathanisē | ngiqhathanisile, ngiqhathanisē | angiqhathanisanga | engingaqhathanisanga | ngingaqhathanisanga |
| 2nd singular | uqhathanisile, uqhathanisē | oqhathanisile, oqhathanisē | uqhathanisile, uqhathanisē | awuqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | ungaqhathanisanga |
| 1st plural | siqhathanisile, siqhathanisē | esiqhathanisile, esiqhathanisē | siqhathanisile, siqhathanisē | asiqhathanisanga | esingaqhathanisanga | singaqhathanisanga |
| 2nd plural | niqhathanisile, niqhathanisē | eniqhathanisile, eniqhathanisē | niqhathanisile, niqhathanisē | aniqhathanisanga | eningaqhathanisanga | ningaqhathanisanga |
| Class 1 | uqhathanisile, uqhathanisē | oqhathanisile, oqhathanisē | eqhathanisile, eqhathanisē | akaqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga |
| Class 2 | baqhathanisile, baqhathanisē | abaqhathanisile, abaqhathanisē | beqhathanisile, beqhathanisē | abaqhathanisanga | abangaqhathanisanga | bengaqhathanisanga |
| Class 3 | uqhathanisile, uqhathanisē | oqhathanisile, oqhathanisē | uqhathanisile, uqhathanisē | awuqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | ungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 4 | iqhathanisile, iqhathanisē | eqhathanisile, eqhathanisē | iqhathanisile, iqhathanisē | ayiqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga | ingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 5 | liqhathanisile, liqhathanisē | eliqhathanisile, eliqhathanisē | liqhathanisile, liqhathanisē | aliqhathanisanga | elingaqhathanisanga | lingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 6 | aqhathanisile, aqhathanisē | aqhathanisile, aqhathanisē | eqhathanisile, eqhathanisē | awaqhathanisanga | angaqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga |
| Class 7 | siqhathanisile, siqhathanisē | esiqhathanisile, esiqhathanisē | siqhathanisile, siqhathanisē | asiqhathanisanga | esingaqhathanisanga | singaqhathanisanga |
| Class 8 | ziqhathanisile, ziqhathanisē | eziqhathanisile, eziqhathanisē | ziqhathanisile, ziqhathanisē | aziqhathanisanga | ezingaqhathanisanga | zingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 9 | iqhathanisile, iqhathanisē | eqhathanisile, eqhathanisē | iqhathanisile, iqhathanisē | ayiqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga | ingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 10 | ziqhathanisile, ziqhathanisē | eziqhathanisile, eziqhathanisē | ziqhathanisile, ziqhathanisē | aziqhathanisanga | ezingaqhathanisanga | zingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 11 | luqhathanisile, luqhathanisē | oluqhathanisile, oluqhathanisē | luqhathanisile, luqhathanisē | aluqhathanisanga | olungaqhathanisanga | lungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 14 | buqhathanisile, buqhathanisē | obuqhathanisile, obuqhathanisē | buqhathanisile, buqhathanisē | abuqhathanisanga | obungaqhathanisanga | bungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 15 | kuqhathanisile, kuqhathanisē | okuqhathanisile, okuqhathanisē | kuqhathanisile, kuqhathanisē | akuqhathanisanga | okungaqhathanisanga | kungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 17 | kuqhathanisile, kuqhathanisē | okuqhathanisile, okuqhathanisē | kuqhathanisile, kuqhathanisē | akuqhathanisanga | okungaqhathanisanga | kungaqhathanisanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāqhathanisa | engāqhathanisa | ngāqhathanisa | angiqhathanisanga | engingaqhathanisanga | ngingaqhathanisanga |
| 2nd singular | wāqhathanisa | owāqhathanisa | wāqhathanisa | awuqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | ungaqhathanisanga |
| 1st plural | sāqhathanisa | esāqhathanisa | sāqhathanisa | asiqhathanisanga | esingaqhathanisanga | singaqhathanisanga |
| 2nd plural | nāqhathanisa | enāqhathanisa | nāqhathanisa | aniqhathanisanga | eningaqhathanisanga | ningaqhathanisanga |
| Class 1 | wāqhathanisa | owāqhathanisa | āqhathanisa | akaqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga |
| Class 2 | bāqhathanisa | abāqhathanisa | bāqhathanisa | abaqhathanisanga | abangaqhathanisanga | bengaqhathanisanga |
| Class 3 | wāqhathanisa | owāqhathanisa | wāqhathanisa | awuqhathanisanga | ongaqhathanisanga | ungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 4 | yāqhathanisa | eyāqhathanisa | yāqhathanisa | ayiqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga | ingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 5 | lāqhathanisa | elāqhathanisa | lāqhathanisa | aliqhathanisanga | elingaqhathanisanga | lingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 6 | āqhathanisa | āqhathanisa | āqhathanisa | awaqhathanisanga | angaqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga |
| Class 7 | sāqhathanisa | esāqhathanisa | sāqhathanisa | asiqhathanisanga | esingaqhathanisanga | singaqhathanisanga |
| Class 8 | zāqhathanisa | ezāqhathanisa | zāqhathanisa | aziqhathanisanga | ezingaqhathanisanga | zingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 9 | yāqhathanisa | eyāqhathanisa | yāqhathanisa | ayiqhathanisanga | engaqhathanisanga | ingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 10 | zāqhathanisa | ezāqhathanisa | zāqhathanisa | aziqhathanisanga | ezingaqhathanisanga | zingaqhathanisanga |
| Class 11 | lwāqhathanisa | olwāqhathanisa | lwāqhathanisa | aluqhathanisanga | olungaqhathanisanga | lungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 14 | bāqhathanisa | obāqhathanisa | bāqhathanisa | abuqhathanisanga | obungaqhathanisanga | bungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 15 | kwāqhathanisa | okwāqhathanisa | kwāqhathanisa | akuqhathanisanga | okungaqhathanisanga | kungaqhathanisanga |
| Class 17 | kwāqhathanisa | okwāqhathanisa | kwāqhathanisa | akuqhathanisanga | okungaqhathanisanga | kungaqhathanisanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaqhathanisa | — | ngingaqhathanisa | ngingeqhathanise | — | ngingeqhathanise |
| 2nd singular | ungaqhathanisa | — | ungaqhathanisa | ungeqhathanise | — | ungeqhathanise |
| 1st plural | singaqhathanisa | — | singaqhathanisa | singeqhathanise | — | singeqhathanise |
| 2nd plural | ningaqhathanisa | — | ningaqhathanisa | ningeqhathanise | — | ningeqhathanise |
| Class 1 | angaqhathanisa | — | engaqhathanisa | angeqhathanise | — | engeqhathanise |
| Class 2 | bangaqhathanisa | — | bengaqhathanisa | bangeqhathanise | — | bengeqhathanise |
| Class 3 | ungaqhathanisa | — | ungaqhathanisa | ungeqhathanise | — | ungeqhathanise |
| Class 4 | ingaqhathanisa | — | ingaqhathanisa | ingeqhathanise | — | ingeqhathanise |
| Class 5 | lingaqhathanisa | — | lingaqhathanisa | lingeqhathanise | — | lingeqhathanise |
| Class 6 | angaqhathanisa | — | engaqhathanisa | angeqhathanise | — | engeqhathanise |
| Class 7 | singaqhathanisa | — | singaqhathanisa | singeqhathanise | — | singeqhathanise |
| Class 8 | zingaqhathanisa | — | zingaqhathanisa | zingeqhathanise | — | zingeqhathanise |
| Class 9 | ingaqhathanisa | — | ingaqhathanisa | ingeqhathanise | — | ingeqhathanise |
| Class 10 | zingaqhathanisa | — | zingaqhathanisa | zingeqhathanise | — | zingeqhathanise |
| Class 11 | lungaqhathanisa | — | lungaqhathanisa | lungeqhathanise | — | lungeqhathanise |
| Class 14 | bungaqhathanisa | — | bungaqhathanisa | bungeqhathanise | — | bungeqhathanise |
| Class 15 | kungaqhathanisa | — | kungaqhathanisa | kungeqhathanise | — | kungeqhathanise |
| Class 17 | kungaqhathanisa | — | kungaqhathanisa | kungeqhathanise | — | kungeqhathanise |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoqhathanisa | engizoqhathanisa | ngizoqhathanisa | angizuqhathanisa | engingezuqhathanisa | ngingezuqhathanisa |
| 2nd singular | uzoqhathanisa | ozoqhathanisa | uzoqhathanisa | awuzuqhathanisa | ongezuqhathanisa | ungezuqhathanisa |
| 1st plural | sizoqhathanisa | esizoqhathanisa | sizoqhathanisa | asizuqhathanisa | esingezuqhathanisa | singezuqhathanisa |
| 2nd plural | nizoqhathanisa | enizoqhathanisa | nizoqhathanisa | anizuqhathanisa | eningezuqhathanisa | ningezuqhathanisa |
| Class 1 | uzoqhathanisa | ozoqhathanisa | ezoqhathanisa | akazuqhathanisa | ongezuqhathanisa | engezuqhathanisa |
| Class 2 | bazoqhathanisa | abazoqhathanisa | bezoqhathanisa | abazuqhathanisa | abangezuqhathanisa | bengezuqhathanisa |
| Class 3 | uzoqhathanisa | ozoqhathanisa | uzoqhathanisa | awuzuqhathanisa | ongezuqhathanisa | ungezuqhathanisa |
| Class 4 | izoqhathanisa | ezoqhathanisa | izoqhathanisa | ayizuqhathanisa | engezuqhathanisa | ingezuqhathanisa |
| Class 5 | lizoqhathanisa | elizoqhathanisa | lizoqhathanisa | alizuqhathanisa | elingezuqhathanisa | lingezuqhathanisa |
| Class 6 | azoqhathanisa | azoqhathanisa | ezoqhathanisa | awazuqhathanisa | angezuqhathanisa | engezuqhathanisa |
| Class 7 | sizoqhathanisa | esizoqhathanisa | sizoqhathanisa | asizuqhathanisa | esingezuqhathanisa | singezuqhathanisa |
| Class 8 | zizoqhathanisa | ezizoqhathanisa | zizoqhathanisa | azizuqhathanisa | ezingezuqhathanisa | zingezuqhathanisa |
| Class 9 | izoqhathanisa | ezoqhathanisa | izoqhathanisa | ayizuqhathanisa | engezuqhathanisa | ingezuqhathanisa |
| Class 10 | zizoqhathanisa | ezizoqhathanisa | zizoqhathanisa | azizuqhathanisa | ezingezuqhathanisa | zingezuqhathanisa |
| Class 11 | luzoqhathanisa | oluzoqhathanisa | luzoqhathanisa | aluzuqhathanisa | olungezuqhathanisa | lungezuqhathanisa |
| Class 14 | buzoqhathanisa | obuzoqhathanisa | buzoqhathanisa | abuzuqhathanisa | obungezuqhathanisa | bungezuqhathanisa |
| Class 15 | kuzoqhathanisa | okuzoqhathanisa | kuzoqhathanisa | akuzuqhathanisa | okungezuqhathanisa | kungezuqhathanisa |
| Class 17 | kuzoqhathanisa | okuzoqhathanisa | kuzoqhathanisa | akuzuqhathanisa | okungezuqhathanisa | kungezuqhathanisa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoqhathanisa | engiyoqhathanisa | ngiyoqhathanisa | angiyuqhathanisa | engingeyuqhathanisa | ngingeyuqhathanisa |
| 2nd singular | uyoqhathanisa | oyoqhathanisa | uyoqhathanisa | awuyuqhathanisa | ongeyuqhathanisa | ungeyuqhathanisa |
| 1st plural | siyoqhathanisa | esiyoqhathanisa | siyoqhathanisa | asiyuqhathanisa | esingeyuqhathanisa | singeyuqhathanisa |
| 2nd plural | niyoqhathanisa | eniyoqhathanisa | niyoqhathanisa | aniyuqhathanisa | eningeyuqhathanisa | ningeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 1 | uyoqhathanisa | oyoqhathanisa | eyoqhathanisa | akayuqhathanisa | ongeyuqhathanisa | engeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 2 | bayoqhathanisa | abayoqhathanisa | beyoqhathanisa | abayuqhathanisa | abangeyuqhathanisa | bengeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 3 | uyoqhathanisa | oyoqhathanisa | uyoqhathanisa | awuyuqhathanisa | ongeyuqhathanisa | ungeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 4 | iyoqhathanisa | eyoqhathanisa | iyoqhathanisa | ayiyuqhathanisa | engeyuqhathanisa | ingeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 5 | liyoqhathanisa | eliyoqhathanisa | liyoqhathanisa | aliyuqhathanisa | elingeyuqhathanisa | lingeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 6 | ayoqhathanisa | ayoqhathanisa | eyoqhathanisa | awayuqhathanisa | angeyuqhathanisa | engeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 7 | siyoqhathanisa | esiyoqhathanisa | siyoqhathanisa | asiyuqhathanisa | esingeyuqhathanisa | singeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 8 | ziyoqhathanisa | eziyoqhathanisa | ziyoqhathanisa | aziyuqhathanisa | ezingeyuqhathanisa | zingeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 9 | iyoqhathanisa | eyoqhathanisa | iyoqhathanisa | ayiyuqhathanisa | engeyuqhathanisa | ingeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 10 | ziyoqhathanisa | eziyoqhathanisa | ziyoqhathanisa | aziyuqhathanisa | ezingeyuqhathanisa | zingeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 11 | luyoqhathanisa | oluyoqhathanisa | luyoqhathanisa | aluyuqhathanisa | olungeyuqhathanisa | lungeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 14 | buyoqhathanisa | obuyoqhathanisa | buyoqhathanisa | abuyuqhathanisa | obungeyuqhathanisa | bungeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 15 | kuyoqhathanisa | okuyoqhathanisa | kuyoqhathanisa | akuyuqhathanisa | okungeyuqhathanisa | kungeyuqhathanisa |
| Class 17 | kuyoqhathanisa | okuyoqhathanisa | kuyoqhathanisa | akuyuqhathanisa | okungeyuqhathanisa | kungeyuqhathanisa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiqhathanise | ngingaqhathanisi |
| 2nd singular | uqhathanise | ungaqhathanisi |
| 1st plural | siqhathanise | singaqhathanisi |
| 2nd plural | niqhathanise | ningaqhathanisi |
| Class 1 | aqhathanise | angaqhathanisi |
| Class 2 | baqhathanise | bangaqhathanisi |
| Class 3 | uqhathanise | ungaqhathanisi |
| Class 4 | iqhathanise | ingaqhathanisi |
| Class 5 | liqhathanise | lingaqhathanisi |
| Class 6 | aqhathanise | angaqhathanisi |
| Class 7 | siqhathanise | singaqhathanisi |
| Class 8 | ziqhathanise | zingaqhathanisi |
| Class 9 | iqhathanise | ingaqhathanisi |
| Class 10 | ziqhathanise | zingaqhathanisi |
| Class 11 | luqhathanise | lungaqhathanisi |
| Class 14 | buqhathanise | bungaqhathanisi |
| Class 15 | kuqhathanise | kungaqhathanisi |
| Class 17 | kuqhathanise | kungaqhathanisi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaqhathanisa | ngangaqhathanisa, angaqhathanisa, angangaqhathanisa |
| 2nd singular | waqhathanisa | wangaqhathanisa, awaqhathanisa, awangaqhathanisa |
| 1st plural | saqhathanisa | sangaqhathanisa, asaqhathanisa, asangaqhathanisa |
| 2nd plural | naqhathanisa | nangaqhathanisa, anaqhathanisa, anangaqhathanisa |
| Class 1 | waqhathanisa | wangaqhathanisa, akaqhathanisa, akangaqhathanisa |
| Class 2 | baqhathanisa | bangaqhathanisa, abaqhathanisa, abangaqhathanisa |
| Class 3 | waqhathanisa | wangaqhathanisa, awaqhathanisa, awangaqhathanisa |
| Class 4 | yaqhathanisa | yangaqhathanisa, ayaqhathanisa, ayangaqhathanisa |
| Class 5 | laqhathanisa | langaqhathanisa, alaqhathanisa, alangaqhathanisa |
| Class 6 | aqhathanisa | angaqhathanisa, awaqhathanisa, awangaqhathanisa |
| Class 7 | saqhathanisa | sangaqhathanisa, asaqhathanisa, asangaqhathanisa |
| Class 8 | zaqhathanisa | zangaqhathanisa, azaqhathanisa, azangaqhathanisa |
| Class 9 | yaqhathanisa | yangaqhathanisa, ayaqhathanisa, ayangaqhathanisa |
| Class 10 | zaqhathanisa | zangaqhathanisa, azaqhathanisa, azangaqhathanisa |
| Class 11 | lwaqhathanisa | lwangaqhathanisa, alwaqhathanisa, alwangaqhathanisa |
| Class 14 | baqhathanisa | bangaqhathanisa, abaqhathanisa, abangaqhathanisa |
| Class 15 | kwaqhathanisa | kwangaqhathanisa, akwaqhathanisa, akwangaqhathanisa |
| Class 17 | kwaqhathanisa | kwangaqhathanisa, akwaqhathanisa, akwangaqhathanisa |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qhathanisa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qhathanisa (3.3.2.9)”