# 難道
## Chinese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “A compound meaning '[Is it a] difficult way'?”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nándào
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄉㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naan$^4$ dou$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lân-tō͘ / lân-tō
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ne-dau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nándào
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄉㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nándào
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$-tao$^4$
*** Yale: nán-dàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nandaw
*** Palladius: наньдао (nanʹdao)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$難道／难道 難點／难点
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naan$^4$ dou$^6$
*** Yale: nàahn douh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naan$^4$ dou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nan$^4$ dou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːn²¹ tou̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$難度／难度 難道／难道
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân-tō͘
*** Tâi-lô: lân-tōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lando
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴⁻²² tɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân-tō
*** Tâi-lô: lân-tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: landoi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴⁻²² to²²/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³⁻²² to²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ne-dau
*** MiniDict: ne$^去$ dau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$ne-dau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ne²² dɔ⁴⁴/

### Adverb

難道
* (rhetorical question) Indicates a rhetorical question: surely it doesn't mean that...; is it possible that...
       Zhè nándào bùshì shìshí ma? [Pinyin]
       Isn't this true?
       Wàiguórén néng zuò dào, nándào Zhōngguórén jiù zuòbudào ma? [Pinyin]
       Foreigners can do it; can't the Chinese people do it?
    From: Justice Bao
    Nándào nǐ zhēn de dàdǎn wàngwèi, lián shèngzhǐ dōu bùgù le ma. [Pinyin]
    Don't tell me that you really dare take action arbitrarily without even caring about the royal decree at all, do you?

#### Usage notes

Particles like 嗎／吗 (ma), 不成 (bùchéng), etc. are often placed at the end of the sentence.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 莫非, 豈, 莫不是 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 莫非, 豈, 難道, 莫不是 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 難道, 難不成, 甭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 難道, 難不成 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 難說 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 唔通 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 唔通 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 唔成, 敢係, 唔得旨, 毋旨, 毋旨估 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 無成, 敢講, 敢會, 敢係 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 無成, 毋成, 敢講, 敢係 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 無敢, 敢講, 敢會, 敢係 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 敢, 總無 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 敢, 總無, 攏無 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 敢, 總無 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 敢 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 敢 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 未是 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 未是, 敢, 敢是 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 只勿 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 難算得 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 冇過 |