# 交流
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiāoliú
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau$^1$ lau$^4$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): gau$^1$ liu$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kau-liû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^1$ liu$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ciau-lieu$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiāoliú
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiaolióu
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^1$-liu$^2$
*** Yale: jyāu-lyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauliou
*** Palladius: цзяолю (czjaolju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaau$^1$ lau$^4$
*** Yale: gāau làuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaau$^1$ lau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gao$^1$ leo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gau$^1$ liu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liu¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-liû
*** Tâi-lô: kau-liû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kauliuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gao$^1$ liu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau liû
*** Sinological IPA : /kau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ciau-lieu$_6$
*** MiniDict: ciau$^平$ lieu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jiau-lieu$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ liɤ²¹/

### Verb

交流
* to exchange; to interchange; to communicate
    思想交流 ― sīxiǎng jiāoliú ― exchange of ideas
    學術交流／学术交流 ― xuéshù jiāoliú ― academic exchange
    交流障礙／交流障碍 ― jiāoliú zhàng'ài ― communication impairment
    人文交流 ― rénwén jiāoliú ― people-to-people exchange
    交流工具 ― jiāoliú gōngjù ― means of communication
       kāizhǎn duìwài wénhuà jiāoliú [Pinyin]
       to conduct cultural exchange with other countries
* (of rivers, body fluids) to converge and flow; to interflow; to flow together

#### Synonyms

* (to exchange):
* 交往 (jiāowǎng)
* 交插 (Hokkien)
* 交聊 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
* 交遊／交游 (jiāoyóu)
* 交際／交际 (jiāojì)
* 來去／来去 (Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Min Nan, Wu)
* 來往／来往 (láiwǎng)
* 周旋 (zhōuxuán)
* 往來／往来 (wǎnglái)
* 往還／往还 (wǎnghuán) (literary)
* 應酬／应酬
* 打交道 (dǎ jiāodào)
* 溝通／沟通 (gōutōng)
* 社交 (shèjiāo)
* 行踏 (Hokkien)
* 走 (zǒu)
* 過往／过往 (guòwǎng)
* 過從／过从 (guòcóng) (literary)
* 酬酢 (chóuzuò) (literary)
* 鋪排／铺排 (Hokkien)

#### Derived terms

* 交流學者／交流学者 (jiāoliú xuézhě)
* 交流電／交流电 (jiāoliúdiàn)
* 文化交流 (wénhuà jiāoliú)
* 語言交流／语言交流 (yǔyán jiāoliú)

#### Related terms

* 交換／交换 (jiāohuàn)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 交 | 流 |
| こう Grade: 2 | りゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

交(こう)流(りゅう) • (kōryū)
* exchange, interchange, intermingling with members of other groups, such as other cultures
* (electricity) alternating current

#### Coordinate terms

* 直流(ちょくりゅう) (chokuryū)

### Verb

交(こう)流(りゅう)する • (kōryū suru) suru (stem 交(こう)流(りゅう)し (kōryū shi), past 交(こう)流(りゅう)した (kōryū shita))
* mingle, exchange, especially with members of other groups

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 交流し | こうりゅうし | kōryū shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 交流し | こうりゅうし | kōryū shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 交流する | こうりゅうする | kōryū suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 交流する | こうりゅうする | kōryū suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 交流すれ | こうりゅうすれ | kōryū sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 交流せよ¹ 交流しろ² | こうりゅうせよ¹ こうりゅうしろ² | kōryū seyo¹ kōryū shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 交流される | こうりゅうされる | kōryū sareru |
| Causative | 交流させる 交流さす | こうりゅうさせる こうりゅうさす | kōryū saseru kōryū sasu |
| Potential | 交流できる | こうりゅうできる | kōryū dekiru |
| Volitional | 交流しよう | こうりゅうしよう | kōryū shiyō |
| Negative | 交流しない | こうりゅうしない | kōryū shinai |
| Negative continuative | 交流せず | こうりゅうせず | kōryū sezu |
| Formal | 交流します | こうりゅうします | kōryū shimasu |
| Perfective | 交流した | こうりゅうした | kōryū shita |
| Conjunctive | 交流して | こうりゅうして | kōryū shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 交流すれば | こうりゅうすれば | kōryū sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 交 | 流 |

### Noun

交流 • (gyoryu) (hangeul 교류)
* hanja form of 교류