# 咨嗟
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zījiē
    (Zhuyin): ㄗ ㄐㄧㄝ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$ ze$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zījiē
*** Zhuyin: ㄗ ㄐㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zihjie
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^1$-chieh$^1$
*** Yale: dz̄-jyē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyjie
*** Palladius: цзыцзе (czycze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$ ze$^1$
*** Yale: jī jē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$ dze$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$ zé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵ t͡sɛː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsij tsjae
Rime :
| Character | 咨 | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 即夷切 | 子邪切 |
| Baxter | tsij | tsjae |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siɪ/ | /t͡sia/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡si/ | /t͡sia/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjɪ/ | /t͡sia/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡si/ | /t͡sia/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡si/ | /t͡sia/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡si/ | /t͡sĭa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡si/ | /t͡si̯a/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zī | jiē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ | ze$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ij tsAj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsli ʔsljal/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 咨 | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zī | jiē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsij › | ‹ tsjæ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ij/ | /*tsAj/ |
| English | consult; plan (v.) | sigh; alas! |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 咨 | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1785 | 18026 |
| Phonetic component | 次 | 左 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 咨 | 嗟 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsli/ | /*ʔsljal/ |

### Verb

咨嗟
* (literary) to highly praise; to gasp in admiration
* (literary) to sigh (with regret); to heave a sigh

#### Synonyms

* (to highly praise):
* 名目 (míngmù) (Classical Chinese)
* 吹噓／吹嘘 (chuīxū)
* 吹捧 (chuīpěng)
* 嘆／叹 (tàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 嘉勉 (jiāmiǎn) (formal, to praise and encourage)
* 嘆美／叹美 (tànměi) (literary)
* 嘉許／嘉许 (jiāxǔ)
* 嘆賞／叹赏 (tànshǎng)
* 捧 (pěng)
* 揄揚／揄扬 (yúyáng) (literary)
* 禮讚／礼赞 (lǐzàn)
* 稱嘆／称叹 (chēngtàn)
* 稱揚／称扬 (chēngyáng)
* 稱美／称美 (chēngměi) (literary)
* 稱許／称许 (chēngxǔ)
* 稱謂／称谓 (chēngwèi) (literary)
* 稱譽／称誉 (chēngyù) (formal)
* 稱讚／称赞 (chēngzàn)
* 稱賞／称赏 (chēngshǎng) (formal)
* 稱道／称道 (chēngdào)
* 稱頌／称颂 (chēngsòng)
* 表彰 (biǎozhāng)
* 表揚／表扬 (biǎoyáng)
* 褒揚／褒扬 (bāoyáng)
* 誇／夸 (kuā)
* 誇獎／夸奖 (kuājiǎng)
* 讚嘆／赞叹 (zàntàn)
* 讚揚／赞扬 (zànyáng)
* 讚美／赞美 (zànměi)
* 讚許／赞许 (zànxǔ)
* 讚頌／赞颂 (zànsòng)
* 賞／赏 (shǎng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 頌讚／颂赞 (sòngzàn)
* 顯揚／显扬 (xiǎnyáng) (literary)
* (to sigh):
* 吐氣／吐气 (Hokkien)
* 呻氣／呻气 (san$^3$ hi$^3$) (Southern Pinghua)
* 喘氣／喘气 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 嘆／叹 (tàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 嘆息／叹息 (tànxī)
* 嘆氣／叹气 (tànqì)
* 太息 (tàixī) (literary)
* 打咳聲／打咳声 (Harbin)