# shukumisa
## Fanagalo
### Etymology

From Zulu -shukumisa.

### Verb

shukumisa
* to shake, to stir

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From -shukuma +‎ -isa.

### Verb

-shúkúmisa
* (transitive) to shake, to stir

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From -shukuma +‎ -isa.

### Verb

-shukumisa$^?$
* (transitive) to shake, to stir

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukushukumisa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukushukumisa | ukungashukumisi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | shukumisa | -shukumise |
| Plural | shukumisani | -shukumiseni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyashukumisa, ngishukumisa | engishukumisayo, engishukumisa | ngishukumisa | angishukumisi | engingashukumisi | ngingashukumisi |
| 2nd singular | uyashukumisa, ushukumisa | oshukumisayo, oshukumisa | ushukumisa | awushukumisi | ongashukumisi | ungashukumisi |
| 1st plural | siyashukumisa, sishukumisa | esishukumisayo, esishukumisa | sishukumisa | asishukumisi | esingashukumisi | singashukumisi |
| 2nd plural | niyashukumisa, nishukumisa | enishukumisayo, enishukumisa | nishukumisa | anishukumisi | eningashukumisi | ningashukumisi |
| Class 1 | uyashukumisa, ushukumisa | oshukumisayo, oshukumisa | eshukumisa | akashukumisi | ongashukumisi | engashukumisi |
| Class 2 | bayashukumisa, bashukumisa | abashukumisayo, abashukumisa | beshukumisa | abashukumisi | abangashukumisi | bengashukumisi |
| Class 3 | uyashukumisa, ushukumisa | oshukumisayo, oshukumisa | ushukumisa | awushukumisi | ongashukumisi | ungashukumisi |
| Class 4 | iyashukumisa, ishukumisa | eshukumisayo, eshukumisa | ishukumisa | ayishukumisi | engashukumisi | ingashukumisi |
| Class 5 | liyashukumisa, lishukumisa | elishukumisayo, elishukumisa | lishukumisa | alishukumisi | elingashukumisi | lingashukumisi |
| Class 6 | ayashukumisa, ashukumisa | ashukumisayo, ashukumisa | eshukumisa | awashukumisi | angashukumisi | engashukumisi |
| Class 7 | siyashukumisa, sishukumisa | esishukumisayo, esishukumisa | sishukumisa | asishukumisi | esingashukumisi | singashukumisi |
| Class 8 | ziyashukumisa, zishukumisa | ezishukumisayo, ezishukumisa | zishukumisa | azishukumisi | ezingashukumisi | zingashukumisi |
| Class 9 | iyashukumisa, ishukumisa | eshukumisayo, eshukumisa | ishukumisa | ayishukumisi | engashukumisi | ingashukumisi |
| Class 10 | ziyashukumisa, zishukumisa | ezishukumisayo, ezishukumisa | zishukumisa | azishukumisi | ezingashukumisi | zingashukumisi |
| Class 11 | luyashukumisa, lushukumisa | olushukumisayo, olushukumisa | lushukumisa | alushukumisi | olungashukumisi | lungashukumisi |
| Class 14 | buyashukumisa, bushukumisa | obushukumisayo, obushukumisa | bushukumisa | abushukumisi | obungashukumisi | bungashukumisi |
| Class 15 | kuyashukumisa, kushukumisa | okushukumisayo, okushukumisa | kushukumisa | akushukumisi | okungashukumisi | kungashukumisi |
| Class 17 | kuyashukumisa, kushukumisa | okushukumisayo, okushukumisa | kushukumisa | akushukumisi | okungashukumisi | kungashukumisi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngishukumisile, ngishukumisē | engishukumisile, engishukumisē | ngishukumisile, ngishukumisē | angishukumisanga | engingashukumisanga | ngingashukumisanga |
| 2nd singular | ushukumisile, ushukumisē | oshukumisile, oshukumisē | ushukumisile, ushukumisē | awushukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | ungashukumisanga |
| 1st plural | sishukumisile, sishukumisē | esishukumisile, esishukumisē | sishukumisile, sishukumisē | asishukumisanga | esingashukumisanga | singashukumisanga |
| 2nd plural | nishukumisile, nishukumisē | enishukumisile, enishukumisē | nishukumisile, nishukumisē | anishukumisanga | eningashukumisanga | ningashukumisanga |
| Class 1 | ushukumisile, ushukumisē | oshukumisile, oshukumisē | eshukumisile, eshukumisē | akashukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | engashukumisanga |
| Class 2 | bashukumisile, bashukumisē | abashukumisile, abashukumisē | beshukumisile, beshukumisē | abashukumisanga | abangashukumisanga | bengashukumisanga |
| Class 3 | ushukumisile, ushukumisē | oshukumisile, oshukumisē | ushukumisile, ushukumisē | awushukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | ungashukumisanga |
| Class 4 | ishukumisile, ishukumisē | eshukumisile, eshukumisē | ishukumisile, ishukumisē | ayishukumisanga | engashukumisanga | ingashukumisanga |
| Class 5 | lishukumisile, lishukumisē | elishukumisile, elishukumisē | lishukumisile, lishukumisē | alishukumisanga | elingashukumisanga | lingashukumisanga |
| Class 6 | ashukumisile, ashukumisē | ashukumisile, ashukumisē | eshukumisile, eshukumisē | awashukumisanga | angashukumisanga | engashukumisanga |
| Class 7 | sishukumisile, sishukumisē | esishukumisile, esishukumisē | sishukumisile, sishukumisē | asishukumisanga | esingashukumisanga | singashukumisanga |
| Class 8 | zishukumisile, zishukumisē | ezishukumisile, ezishukumisē | zishukumisile, zishukumisē | azishukumisanga | ezingashukumisanga | zingashukumisanga |
| Class 9 | ishukumisile, ishukumisē | eshukumisile, eshukumisē | ishukumisile, ishukumisē | ayishukumisanga | engashukumisanga | ingashukumisanga |
| Class 10 | zishukumisile, zishukumisē | ezishukumisile, ezishukumisē | zishukumisile, zishukumisē | azishukumisanga | ezingashukumisanga | zingashukumisanga |
| Class 11 | lushukumisile, lushukumisē | olushukumisile, olushukumisē | lushukumisile, lushukumisē | alushukumisanga | olungashukumisanga | lungashukumisanga |
| Class 14 | bushukumisile, bushukumisē | obushukumisile, obushukumisē | bushukumisile, bushukumisē | abushukumisanga | obungashukumisanga | bungashukumisanga |
| Class 15 | kushukumisile, kushukumisē | okushukumisile, okushukumisē | kushukumisile, kushukumisē | akushukumisanga | okungashukumisanga | kungashukumisanga |
| Class 17 | kushukumisile, kushukumisē | okushukumisile, okushukumisē | kushukumisile, kushukumisē | akushukumisanga | okungashukumisanga | kungashukumisanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāshukumisa | engāshukumisa | ngāshukumisa | angishukumisanga | engingashukumisanga | ngingashukumisanga |
| 2nd singular | wāshukumisa | owāshukumisa | wāshukumisa | awushukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | ungashukumisanga |
| 1st plural | sāshukumisa | esāshukumisa | sāshukumisa | asishukumisanga | esingashukumisanga | singashukumisanga |
| 2nd plural | nāshukumisa | enāshukumisa | nāshukumisa | anishukumisanga | eningashukumisanga | ningashukumisanga |
| Class 1 | wāshukumisa | owāshukumisa | āshukumisa | akashukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | engashukumisanga |
| Class 2 | bāshukumisa | abāshukumisa | bāshukumisa | abashukumisanga | abangashukumisanga | bengashukumisanga |
| Class 3 | wāshukumisa | owāshukumisa | wāshukumisa | awushukumisanga | ongashukumisanga | ungashukumisanga |
| Class 4 | yāshukumisa | eyāshukumisa | yāshukumisa | ayishukumisanga | engashukumisanga | ingashukumisanga |
| Class 5 | lāshukumisa | elāshukumisa | lāshukumisa | alishukumisanga | elingashukumisanga | lingashukumisanga |
| Class 6 | āshukumisa | āshukumisa | āshukumisa | awashukumisanga | angashukumisanga | engashukumisanga |
| Class 7 | sāshukumisa | esāshukumisa | sāshukumisa | asishukumisanga | esingashukumisanga | singashukumisanga |
| Class 8 | zāshukumisa | ezāshukumisa | zāshukumisa | azishukumisanga | ezingashukumisanga | zingashukumisanga |
| Class 9 | yāshukumisa | eyāshukumisa | yāshukumisa | ayishukumisanga | engashukumisanga | ingashukumisanga |
| Class 10 | zāshukumisa | ezāshukumisa | zāshukumisa | azishukumisanga | ezingashukumisanga | zingashukumisanga |
| Class 11 | lwāshukumisa | olwāshukumisa | lwāshukumisa | alushukumisanga | olungashukumisanga | lungashukumisanga |
| Class 14 | bāshukumisa | obāshukumisa | bāshukumisa | abushukumisanga | obungashukumisanga | bungashukumisanga |
| Class 15 | kwāshukumisa | okwāshukumisa | kwāshukumisa | akushukumisanga | okungashukumisanga | kungashukumisanga |
| Class 17 | kwāshukumisa | okwāshukumisa | kwāshukumisa | akushukumisanga | okungashukumisanga | kungashukumisanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingashukumisa | — | ngingashukumisa | ngingeshukumise | — | ngingeshukumise |
| 2nd singular | ungashukumisa | — | ungashukumisa | ungeshukumise | — | ungeshukumise |
| 1st plural | singashukumisa | — | singashukumisa | singeshukumise | — | singeshukumise |
| 2nd plural | ningashukumisa | — | ningashukumisa | ningeshukumise | — | ningeshukumise |
| Class 1 | angashukumisa | — | engashukumisa | angeshukumise | — | engeshukumise |
| Class 2 | bangashukumisa | — | bengashukumisa | bangeshukumise | — | bengeshukumise |
| Class 3 | ungashukumisa | — | ungashukumisa | ungeshukumise | — | ungeshukumise |
| Class 4 | ingashukumisa | — | ingashukumisa | ingeshukumise | — | ingeshukumise |
| Class 5 | lingashukumisa | — | lingashukumisa | lingeshukumise | — | lingeshukumise |
| Class 6 | angashukumisa | — | engashukumisa | angeshukumise | — | engeshukumise |
| Class 7 | singashukumisa | — | singashukumisa | singeshukumise | — | singeshukumise |
| Class 8 | zingashukumisa | — | zingashukumisa | zingeshukumise | — | zingeshukumise |
| Class 9 | ingashukumisa | — | ingashukumisa | ingeshukumise | — | ingeshukumise |
| Class 10 | zingashukumisa | — | zingashukumisa | zingeshukumise | — | zingeshukumise |
| Class 11 | lungashukumisa | — | lungashukumisa | lungeshukumise | — | lungeshukumise |
| Class 14 | bungashukumisa | — | bungashukumisa | bungeshukumise | — | bungeshukumise |
| Class 15 | kungashukumisa | — | kungashukumisa | kungeshukumise | — | kungeshukumise |
| Class 17 | kungashukumisa | — | kungashukumisa | kungeshukumise | — | kungeshukumise |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoshukumisa | engizoshukumisa | ngizoshukumisa | angizushukumisa | engingezushukumisa | ngingezushukumisa |
| 2nd singular | uzoshukumisa | ozoshukumisa | uzoshukumisa | awuzushukumisa | ongezushukumisa | ungezushukumisa |
| 1st plural | sizoshukumisa | esizoshukumisa | sizoshukumisa | asizushukumisa | esingezushukumisa | singezushukumisa |
| 2nd plural | nizoshukumisa | enizoshukumisa | nizoshukumisa | anizushukumisa | eningezushukumisa | ningezushukumisa |
| Class 1 | uzoshukumisa | ozoshukumisa | ezoshukumisa | akazushukumisa | ongezushukumisa | engezushukumisa |
| Class 2 | bazoshukumisa | abazoshukumisa | bezoshukumisa | abazushukumisa | abangezushukumisa | bengezushukumisa |
| Class 3 | uzoshukumisa | ozoshukumisa | uzoshukumisa | awuzushukumisa | ongezushukumisa | ungezushukumisa |
| Class 4 | izoshukumisa | ezoshukumisa | izoshukumisa | ayizushukumisa | engezushukumisa | ingezushukumisa |
| Class 5 | lizoshukumisa | elizoshukumisa | lizoshukumisa | alizushukumisa | elingezushukumisa | lingezushukumisa |
| Class 6 | azoshukumisa | azoshukumisa | ezoshukumisa | awazushukumisa | angezushukumisa | engezushukumisa |
| Class 7 | sizoshukumisa | esizoshukumisa | sizoshukumisa | asizushukumisa | esingezushukumisa | singezushukumisa |
| Class 8 | zizoshukumisa | ezizoshukumisa | zizoshukumisa | azizushukumisa | ezingezushukumisa | zingezushukumisa |
| Class 9 | izoshukumisa | ezoshukumisa | izoshukumisa | ayizushukumisa | engezushukumisa | ingezushukumisa |
| Class 10 | zizoshukumisa | ezizoshukumisa | zizoshukumisa | azizushukumisa | ezingezushukumisa | zingezushukumisa |
| Class 11 | luzoshukumisa | oluzoshukumisa | luzoshukumisa | aluzushukumisa | olungezushukumisa | lungezushukumisa |
| Class 14 | buzoshukumisa | obuzoshukumisa | buzoshukumisa | abuzushukumisa | obungezushukumisa | bungezushukumisa |
| Class 15 | kuzoshukumisa | okuzoshukumisa | kuzoshukumisa | akuzushukumisa | okungezushukumisa | kungezushukumisa |
| Class 17 | kuzoshukumisa | okuzoshukumisa | kuzoshukumisa | akuzushukumisa | okungezushukumisa | kungezushukumisa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoshukumisa | engiyoshukumisa | ngiyoshukumisa | angiyushukumisa | engingeyushukumisa | ngingeyushukumisa |
| 2nd singular | uyoshukumisa | oyoshukumisa | uyoshukumisa | awuyushukumisa | ongeyushukumisa | ungeyushukumisa |
| 1st plural | siyoshukumisa | esiyoshukumisa | siyoshukumisa | asiyushukumisa | esingeyushukumisa | singeyushukumisa |
| 2nd plural | niyoshukumisa | eniyoshukumisa | niyoshukumisa | aniyushukumisa | eningeyushukumisa | ningeyushukumisa |
| Class 1 | uyoshukumisa | oyoshukumisa | eyoshukumisa | akayushukumisa | ongeyushukumisa | engeyushukumisa |
| Class 2 | bayoshukumisa | abayoshukumisa | beyoshukumisa | abayushukumisa | abangeyushukumisa | bengeyushukumisa |
| Class 3 | uyoshukumisa | oyoshukumisa | uyoshukumisa | awuyushukumisa | ongeyushukumisa | ungeyushukumisa |
| Class 4 | iyoshukumisa | eyoshukumisa | iyoshukumisa | ayiyushukumisa | engeyushukumisa | ingeyushukumisa |
| Class 5 | liyoshukumisa | eliyoshukumisa | liyoshukumisa | aliyushukumisa | elingeyushukumisa | lingeyushukumisa |
| Class 6 | ayoshukumisa | ayoshukumisa | eyoshukumisa | awayushukumisa | angeyushukumisa | engeyushukumisa |
| Class 7 | siyoshukumisa | esiyoshukumisa | siyoshukumisa | asiyushukumisa | esingeyushukumisa | singeyushukumisa |
| Class 8 | ziyoshukumisa | eziyoshukumisa | ziyoshukumisa | aziyushukumisa | ezingeyushukumisa | zingeyushukumisa |
| Class 9 | iyoshukumisa | eyoshukumisa | iyoshukumisa | ayiyushukumisa | engeyushukumisa | ingeyushukumisa |
| Class 10 | ziyoshukumisa | eziyoshukumisa | ziyoshukumisa | aziyushukumisa | ezingeyushukumisa | zingeyushukumisa |
| Class 11 | luyoshukumisa | oluyoshukumisa | luyoshukumisa | aluyushukumisa | olungeyushukumisa | lungeyushukumisa |
| Class 14 | buyoshukumisa | obuyoshukumisa | buyoshukumisa | abuyushukumisa | obungeyushukumisa | bungeyushukumisa |
| Class 15 | kuyoshukumisa | okuyoshukumisa | kuyoshukumisa | akuyushukumisa | okungeyushukumisa | kungeyushukumisa |
| Class 17 | kuyoshukumisa | okuyoshukumisa | kuyoshukumisa | akuyushukumisa | okungeyushukumisa | kungeyushukumisa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngishukumise | ngingashukumisi |
| 2nd singular | ushukumise | ungashukumisi |
| 1st plural | sishukumise | singashukumisi |
| 2nd plural | nishukumise | ningashukumisi |
| Class 1 | ashukumise | angashukumisi |
| Class 2 | bashukumise | bangashukumisi |
| Class 3 | ushukumise | ungashukumisi |
| Class 4 | ishukumise | ingashukumisi |
| Class 5 | lishukumise | lingashukumisi |
| Class 6 | ashukumise | angashukumisi |
| Class 7 | sishukumise | singashukumisi |
| Class 8 | zishukumise | zingashukumisi |
| Class 9 | ishukumise | ingashukumisi |
| Class 10 | zishukumise | zingashukumisi |
| Class 11 | lushukumise | lungashukumisi |
| Class 14 | bushukumise | bungashukumisi |
| Class 15 | kushukumise | kungashukumisi |
| Class 17 | kushukumise | kungashukumisi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngashukumisa | ngangashukumisa, angashukumisa, angangashukumisa |
| 2nd singular | washukumisa | wangashukumisa, awashukumisa, awangashukumisa |
| 1st plural | sashukumisa | sangashukumisa, asashukumisa, asangashukumisa |
| 2nd plural | nashukumisa | nangashukumisa, anashukumisa, anangashukumisa |
| Class 1 | washukumisa | wangashukumisa, akashukumisa, akangashukumisa |
| Class 2 | bashukumisa | bangashukumisa, abashukumisa, abangashukumisa |
| Class 3 | washukumisa | wangashukumisa, awashukumisa, awangashukumisa |
| Class 4 | yashukumisa | yangashukumisa, ayashukumisa, ayangashukumisa |
| Class 5 | lashukumisa | langashukumisa, alashukumisa, alangashukumisa |
| Class 6 | ashukumisa | angashukumisa, awashukumisa, awangashukumisa |
| Class 7 | sashukumisa | sangashukumisa, asashukumisa, asangashukumisa |
| Class 8 | zashukumisa | zangashukumisa, azashukumisa, azangashukumisa |
| Class 9 | yashukumisa | yangashukumisa, ayashukumisa, ayangashukumisa |
| Class 10 | zashukumisa | zangashukumisa, azashukumisa, azangashukumisa |
| Class 11 | lwashukumisa | lwangashukumisa, alwashukumisa, alwangashukumisa |
| Class 14 | bashukumisa | bangashukumisa, abashukumisa, abangashukumisa |
| Class 15 | kwashukumisa | kwangashukumisa, akwashukumisa, akwangashukumisa |
| Class 17 | kwashukumisa | kwangashukumisa, akwashukumisa, akwangashukumisa |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “shukuma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “shukuma”