# ἀνακύκλωσις
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ᾰ̓νᾰκῠκλόω (anakuklóō) +‎ -σῐς (-sis), the former from ᾰ̓νᾰ- (ana-) +‎ κυκλόω (kuklóō); compare ᾰ̓νᾰκῠ́κλησῐς (anakúklēsis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.na.ký.klɔː.sis/ → /a.naˈcy.klo.sis/ → /a.naˈci.klo.sis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.na.ký.klɔː.sis/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.naˈky.klo.sis/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.naˈcy.klo.sis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.naˈcy.klo.sis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.naˈci.klo.sis/

### Noun

ᾰ̓νᾰκῠ́κλωσῐς • (anakúklōsis) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰκῠκλώσεως); third declension
* Varia lectio of ᾰ̓νᾰκῠ́κλησῐς (anakúklēsis).
** C.E. 145–168, Claudius Ptolemaeus, Joachimus Camerarius, editor, Hoc in libro nunquã ante typis æneis in lucem edita hæc inſunt. Κλαυδίου Πτολεμαίου Πηλουσίεως τετράβιβλος σύνταξις, πρὸς Σύρον ἀδελφόν. Τοῦ αὐτοῦ καρπὸς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν Σύρον. [Klaudíou Ptolemaíou Pēlousíeōs tetrábiblos súntaxis, pròs Súron adelphón. Toû autoû karpòs pròs tòn autòn Súron.] Claudij Ptolemæi Peluſienſis libri quatuor compoſiti Syro fratri. Eiuſdem fructus librorum ſuorum, ſiue Centum dicta, ad eundem Syrum., Nuremberg: Johannes Petreius (1535), book II: Ἀποτελεσματικὸν Β. [Apotelesmatikòn B.], §: «Περὶ τῆς ποιότητος τȣ͂ ἀποτελέσματος.» [Perì tês poiótētos toû apotelésmatos.], folio 22ᵛ (, ):
    πρὸς δὲ τὸ περιέχον μᾶλλον ξηρὸς ὢν [ϗ] εὐκίνητος διὰ τὴν πρὸς τὸν 🜚︎ ἐγγύτητα [ϗ] τὸ τάχος τῆς ἀνακυκλώσεως πνευμάτων ἀτάκτων [ϗ] ὀξέων ϗ̀ εὐμεταβόλων μάλιϛα κινητικὸς ὑπάρχει, βροντῶν τε εἰκότως, καὶ πρηϛήρων καὶ χασμάτων [ϗ] σεισμῶν καὶ ἀϛραπῶν ἀποτελεϛικὸς. τῆς τε δῒ τούτω ἐνίοτε περὶ τὰ τῶν ζώων [ϗ] τῶν φυτῶν εὔχρηϛα φθορῆς ποιητικὸς ὑδάτων τε ϗ̀ ποταμῶν, ἐν μὲν ταῖς δύσεσι ϛερητικὸς, ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἀνατολαῖς πληρωτικὸς[.]pròs dè tò periékhon mâllon xēròs ṑn kaì eukínētos dià tḕn pròs tòn 🜚︎ [hḗlion] engútēta kaì tò tákhos tês anakuklṓseōs pneumátōn atáktōn kaì oxéōn kaì eumetabólōn málista kinētikòs hupárkhei, brontôn te eikótōs, kaì prēstḗrōn kaì khasmátōn kaì seismôn kaì astrapôn apotelestikòs. tês te dï̀ toútō eníote perì tà tôn zṓōn kaì tôn phutôn eúkhrēsta phthorês poiētikòs hudátōn te kaì potamôn, en mèn taîs dúsesi sterētikòs, en dè taîs anatolaîs plērōtikòs.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* wheeling about
** 170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus 4.2.9:ἐπὰν δὲ μέγιστον χῶμα ἀρθῇ τῶν ἀρωμάτων πᾶς τε ὁ τόπος πληρωθῇ, ἱππασία περὶ τὸ κατασκεύασμα ἐκεῖνο γίγνεται, πᾶν τε τὸ ἱππικὸν τάγμα περιθεῖ κύκλῳ μετά τινος εὐταξίας καὶ ἀνακυκλώσεως πυρριχίῳ δρόμῳ καὶ ῥυθμῷ.epàn dè mégiston khôma arthêi tôn arōmátōn pâs te ho tópos plērōthêi, hippasía perì tò kataskeúasma ekeîno gígnetai, pân te tò hippikòn tágma peritheî kúklōi metá tinos eutaxías kaì anakuklṓseōs purrhikhíōi drómōi kaì rhuthmôi.1961 translation by Edward C. EcholsAfter a huge pile of aromatic material is collected, and the structure is completely filled, a cavalry exhibition is staged around the building; the entire Equestrian cavalry circles around it, following a fixed rotating pattern in the Pyrrhic choruses and maneuvers.
* (politics) cycle of constitutions, anacyclosis
** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 6.9.9–10:αὕτη πολιτειῶν ἀνακύκλωσις, αὕτη φύσεως οἰκονομία, καθ’ ἣν μεταβάλλει καὶ μεθίσταται καὶ πάλιν εἰς αὑτὰ καταντᾷ τὰ κατὰ τὰς πολιτείας.haútē politeiôn anakúklōsis, haútē phúseōs oikonomía, kath’ hḕn metabállei kaì methístatai kaì pálin eis hautà katantâi tà katà tàs politeías.1899 translation by Evelyn Shirley ShuckburghThis is the regular cycle of constitutional revolutions, and the natural order in which constitutions change, are transformed, and return again to their original stage.

#### Descendants

* → English: anacyclosis
* Greek: ανακύκλωση (anakýklosi)

### Further reading

* “ἀνακύκλωσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Social cycle theory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia