# 墳塋
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fényíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˊ ㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^4$ jing$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fényíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˊ ㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fényíng
*** Wade–Giles: fên$^2$-ying$^2$
*** Yale: fén-yíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fernyng
*** Palladius: фэньин (fɛnʹin)
*** Sinological IPA : /fən³⁵ iŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^4$ jing$^4$
*** Yale: fàhn yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^4$ jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^4$ ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn²¹ jɪŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: bjun yweng
Rime :
| Character | 墳 | 塋 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) | 清 (122) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 符分切 | 余傾切 |
| Baxter | bjun | yweng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨun/ | /jwiᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biun/ | /jʷiɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuən/ | /iuæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bun/ | /jwiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /biuən/ | /iuɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭuən/ | /jĭwɛŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱi̯uən/ | /i̯wɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fén | yóng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fan$^4$ | wing$^4$ |

### Noun

墳塋
* (literary or regional) grave
    From: 《北邙山》 ("Mount Mang") by Shen Quanqi, circa 700
    Běimángshān shàng liè fényíng, wàngǔqiānqiū duì Luòchéng. Chéngzhōng rìxī gē zhōng qǐ, shānshàng wéi wén sōngbǎi shēng. [Pinyin]
    On Mount Mang the graves are lined, generation after generation facing Luoyang. In the city songs and bells chime day and night, but on the mountain one hears but the wind through the pines and cypresses.
* (literary or regional) graveyard; cemetery

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 墳墓, 墳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 墳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 墳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 墓, 墳墓 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 墳 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 墳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 墳, 墳地, 塋地, 墳墓 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 墳, 墓 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 墳, 墓 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 墳墓, 墳 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 墳塋 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 墳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 墳, 墳墓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 墳, 墳墓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 墳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 墳, 墳墓 large |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 墳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 墳, 山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 墳堆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 墳堆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 墳堆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 墳 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 墳 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 墳, 墳攤, 墳攤堆子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 墳堰 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 墳 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 山墳, 山, 墳 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 山墳, 墳, 墓, 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 墳頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 墳頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 墳頭 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 墓 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 山, 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 墳山, 山 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 山 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 墳, 山 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 墳 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 山, 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 墳墓, 墳頭, 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 墳墓, 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 山墳, 義山 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 山墳 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 墳墓 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 墳山, 墳墓 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 墳 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 墳, 墳塋 large |
| Gan | Jianning | 地 |
| Gan | Taining | 地 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 地, 墓 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 泥壠 first burial, 地 second burial |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 地 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 墳頭 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 地, 地墳 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 地 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 地墳 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 地 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 地 second burial |
| Hakka | Liannan | 墳 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 地 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 地 |
| Hakka | Pinghe (Jiufeng) | 地 |
| Hakka | Changting | 地 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 地 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 地 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 地 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 地, 死佬 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 地 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 地 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 地 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 地 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 地 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 地, 風水 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 地 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 地 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 墳, 地 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 地 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 地 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 風水 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 風水 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 風水 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 風水 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 風水 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 地, 風水 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 墳頭 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 山 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 山, 山頭 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 山地 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 墳山 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 墳地 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 墳山 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 墳地 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 墳, 墳地 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 墳, 地 without a body buried |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 墳地 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 山 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 墳, 風水, 義山 |
| Hakka | Senai (Hepo) | 墳墓, 地 dated |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 地, 地門堂 |
| Hakka | Pontianak (Meixian) | 地 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 墳, 墓 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 塚 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 塚 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 地, 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 墓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 墓, 墓仔, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 墓, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 墓, 墓仔, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 墓仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 墓, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 墓, 墓地, 公司山 dated |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 墓, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 墳, 風水 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 風水 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 風水 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 墳, 義山 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 墳 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 墳 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 墳, 義山 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 墳 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 墓 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 墓 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 墓 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 墓 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 墳 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 墳 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 墳 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 墓 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 墓 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 地 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 地 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 塚, 墳 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 墳墓, 山 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 墓 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 墓 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 墳 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 墳 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 墳 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 墳 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 墳 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 墳 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 墳 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 墳 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 墳 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 墳 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 墳 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 墳, 墳墓, 墓 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 墳 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 墳 |
| Wu | Danyang | 墳墓 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 墳 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 墳, 墓 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 墳 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 墳頭 |
| Wu | Pucheng | 墳 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 墳 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 墳, 墓 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 墳, 墓 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 祖 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 墳地, 墳場, 墓地, 墳塋, 墓塋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 墳地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 墓地, 墳場 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 墳地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 墳地, 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 墳地, 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 墳地, 墳圈子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 墳地, 墳塋地, 墳圈子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 墳地, 墳塋地 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 墳地, 墳塋地, 陰宅 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 墳場 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 墳地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 墳地, 墳塋地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 墳地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 墳地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 墳地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 墳地, 塋地 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 墳地, 林地 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 墳塋地, 塋盤 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 墳地, 墳塋地, 墳圈子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 塋地 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 塋地 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 墳地, 塋地 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 林地, 塋地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 墳, 墳地, 塋地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 林地, 塋地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 墳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 墳地, 墳塋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 墳地 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 墳地, 墳院 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 墳地, 墳灘 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 墳地, 林地, 老林, 林, 陰宅 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 墳地, 塋地 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 墳地 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 墳地, 墳塋, 墳灘 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 墳院 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 塋地 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 墳地, 墳院 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 墳地, 陰地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 墳山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 墳垻兒, 墳山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 墳山包包, 墳坡坡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 墳地, 墳場子, 墳場 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 墳地, 墳山, 陰地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 墳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 墳地, 墳山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 亂葬祖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 墳院地, 墳山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 墳山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 墳地 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 祖山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 墳地, 墳院 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 墳地, 墳山 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 墳地, 墳灘 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 塋院地 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 墳地, 亂坑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 墳地 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 墳地 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 墳地 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 墳地 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 墳山 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 墳場, 墓園 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 墳地 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 墳山 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 地 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 地 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 地, 風水 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 墓地, 塚埔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 墓地, 塚埔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 墓地, 塚埔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 墓地, 塚埔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 墓地, 塚埔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 埔地, 塚埔 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 墳地 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 墳地, 墓地 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 墳地, 墳塋 |
| Jin | Datong | 墳地 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 墳地, 墳兒, 墳盤子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 墳地 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 墳地 |
| Jin | Linhe | 墳地 |
| Jin | Jining | 墳地 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 墳地 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 墳地 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 墳地 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 墳地 |
| Jin | Handan | 墳地, 塋地 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 墳地, 塋地 |
| Jin | Suide | 墳地 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 墓地 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 墓地, 塚地, 塚仔地, 塚仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 塚地, 塚仔地, 塚仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 風水, 塚仔埔, 墓, 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 風水, 墓 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 風水, 塚仔埔, 墓, 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 風水, 塚仔埔, 墓, 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 崙仔頂, 塚仔埔, 墓 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 風水, 塚仔埔, 墓, 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 墓仔埔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 風水 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 風水 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 新山, 義山 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 墳山 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 墓地 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 墳地 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 墳地 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 墳地 |
| Wu | Danyang | 墳山 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 墳地 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 墳地, 墳山 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 墳地 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 墳地, 墳山 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 墳山 |

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 분영(墳塋) (bunyeong)