# vumela
## Fanagalo
### Etymology

From Zulu -vumela.

### Verb

vumela
* to allow

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From vuma +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-vúmela
* (transitive) to allow

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From vuma +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-vumela
* (transitive) to allow, to authorize, to grant, to let, to permit
* (transitive) to admit
* (transitive) to agree to, to approve, to approve of, to assent to

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuvumela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuvumela | ukungavumeli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | vumela | -vumele |
| Plural | vumelani | -vumeleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyavumela, ngivumela | engivumelayo, engivumela | ngivumela | angivumeli | engingavumeli | ngingavumeli |
| 2nd singular | uyavumela, uvumela | ovumelayo, ovumela | uvumela | awuvumeli | ongavumeli | ungavumeli |
| 1st plural | siyavumela, sivumela | esivumelayo, esivumela | sivumela | asivumeli | esingavumeli | singavumeli |
| 2nd plural | niyavumela, nivumela | enivumelayo, enivumela | nivumela | anivumeli | eningavumeli | ningavumeli |
| Class 1 | uyavumela, uvumela | ovumelayo, ovumela | evumela | akavumeli | ongavumeli | engavumeli |
| Class 2 | bayavumela, bavumela | abavumelayo, abavumela | bevumela | abavumeli | abangavumeli | bengavumeli |
| Class 3 | uyavumela, uvumela | ovumelayo, ovumela | uvumela | awuvumeli | ongavumeli | ungavumeli |
| Class 4 | iyavumela, ivumela | evumelayo, evumela | ivumela | ayivumeli | engavumeli | ingavumeli |
| Class 5 | liyavumela, livumela | elivumelayo, elivumela | livumela | alivumeli | elingavumeli | lingavumeli |
| Class 6 | ayavumela, avumela | avumelayo, avumela | evumela | awavumeli | angavumeli | engavumeli |
| Class 7 | siyavumela, sivumela | esivumelayo, esivumela | sivumela | asivumeli | esingavumeli | singavumeli |
| Class 8 | ziyavumela, zivumela | ezivumelayo, ezivumela | zivumela | azivumeli | ezingavumeli | zingavumeli |
| Class 9 | iyavumela, ivumela | evumelayo, evumela | ivumela | ayivumeli | engavumeli | ingavumeli |
| Class 10 | ziyavumela, zivumela | ezivumelayo, ezivumela | zivumela | azivumeli | ezingavumeli | zingavumeli |
| Class 11 | luyavumela, luvumela | oluvumelayo, oluvumela | luvumela | aluvumeli | olungavumeli | lungavumeli |
| Class 14 | buyavumela, buvumela | obuvumelayo, obuvumela | buvumela | abuvumeli | obungavumeli | bungavumeli |
| Class 15 | kuyavumela, kuvumela | okuvumelayo, okuvumela | kuvumela | akuvumeli | okungavumeli | kungavumeli |
| Class 17 | kuyavumela, kuvumela | okuvumelayo, okuvumela | kuvumela | akuvumeli | okungavumeli | kungavumeli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngivumelile, ngivumelē | engivumelile, engivumelē | ngivumelile, ngivumelē | angivumelanga | engingavumelanga | ngingavumelanga |
| 2nd singular | uvumelile, uvumelē | ovumelile, ovumelē | uvumelile, uvumelē | awuvumelanga | ongavumelanga | ungavumelanga |
| 1st plural | sivumelile, sivumelē | esivumelile, esivumelē | sivumelile, sivumelē | asivumelanga | esingavumelanga | singavumelanga |
| 2nd plural | nivumelile, nivumelē | enivumelile, enivumelē | nivumelile, nivumelē | anivumelanga | eningavumelanga | ningavumelanga |
| Class 1 | uvumelile, uvumelē | ovumelile, ovumelē | evumelile, evumelē | akavumelanga | ongavumelanga | engavumelanga |
| Class 2 | bavumelile, bavumelē | abavumelile, abavumelē | bevumelile, bevumelē | abavumelanga | abangavumelanga | bengavumelanga |
| Class 3 | uvumelile, uvumelē | ovumelile, ovumelē | uvumelile, uvumelē | awuvumelanga | ongavumelanga | ungavumelanga |
| Class 4 | ivumelile, ivumelē | evumelile, evumelē | ivumelile, ivumelē | ayivumelanga | engavumelanga | ingavumelanga |
| Class 5 | livumelile, livumelē | elivumelile, elivumelē | livumelile, livumelē | alivumelanga | elingavumelanga | lingavumelanga |
| Class 6 | avumelile, avumelē | avumelile, avumelē | evumelile, evumelē | awavumelanga | angavumelanga | engavumelanga |
| Class 7 | sivumelile, sivumelē | esivumelile, esivumelē | sivumelile, sivumelē | asivumelanga | esingavumelanga | singavumelanga |
| Class 8 | zivumelile, zivumelē | ezivumelile, ezivumelē | zivumelile, zivumelē | azivumelanga | ezingavumelanga | zingavumelanga |
| Class 9 | ivumelile, ivumelē | evumelile, evumelē | ivumelile, ivumelē | ayivumelanga | engavumelanga | ingavumelanga |
| Class 10 | zivumelile, zivumelē | ezivumelile, ezivumelē | zivumelile, zivumelē | azivumelanga | ezingavumelanga | zingavumelanga |
| Class 11 | luvumelile, luvumelē | oluvumelile, oluvumelē | luvumelile, luvumelē | aluvumelanga | olungavumelanga | lungavumelanga |
| Class 14 | buvumelile, buvumelē | obuvumelile, obuvumelē | buvumelile, buvumelē | abuvumelanga | obungavumelanga | bungavumelanga |
| Class 15 | kuvumelile, kuvumelē | okuvumelile, okuvumelē | kuvumelile, kuvumelē | akuvumelanga | okungavumelanga | kungavumelanga |
| Class 17 | kuvumelile, kuvumelē | okuvumelile, okuvumelē | kuvumelile, kuvumelē | akuvumelanga | okungavumelanga | kungavumelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāvumela | engāvumela | ngāvumela | angivumelanga | engingavumelanga | ngingavumelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāvumela | owāvumela | wāvumela | awuvumelanga | ongavumelanga | ungavumelanga |
| 1st plural | sāvumela | esāvumela | sāvumela | asivumelanga | esingavumelanga | singavumelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāvumela | enāvumela | nāvumela | anivumelanga | eningavumelanga | ningavumelanga |
| Class 1 | wāvumela | owāvumela | āvumela | akavumelanga | ongavumelanga | engavumelanga |
| Class 2 | bāvumela | abāvumela | bāvumela | abavumelanga | abangavumelanga | bengavumelanga |
| Class 3 | wāvumela | owāvumela | wāvumela | awuvumelanga | ongavumelanga | ungavumelanga |
| Class 4 | yāvumela | eyāvumela | yāvumela | ayivumelanga | engavumelanga | ingavumelanga |
| Class 5 | lāvumela | elāvumela | lāvumela | alivumelanga | elingavumelanga | lingavumelanga |
| Class 6 | āvumela | āvumela | āvumela | awavumelanga | angavumelanga | engavumelanga |
| Class 7 | sāvumela | esāvumela | sāvumela | asivumelanga | esingavumelanga | singavumelanga |
| Class 8 | zāvumela | ezāvumela | zāvumela | azivumelanga | ezingavumelanga | zingavumelanga |
| Class 9 | yāvumela | eyāvumela | yāvumela | ayivumelanga | engavumelanga | ingavumelanga |
| Class 10 | zāvumela | ezāvumela | zāvumela | azivumelanga | ezingavumelanga | zingavumelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāvumela | olwāvumela | lwāvumela | aluvumelanga | olungavumelanga | lungavumelanga |
| Class 14 | bāvumela | obāvumela | bāvumela | abuvumelanga | obungavumelanga | bungavumelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāvumela | okwāvumela | kwāvumela | akuvumelanga | okungavumelanga | kungavumelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāvumela | okwāvumela | kwāvumela | akuvumelanga | okungavumelanga | kungavumelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingavumela | — | ngingavumela | ngingevumele | — | ngingevumele |
| 2nd singular | ungavumela | — | ungavumela | ungevumele | — | ungevumele |
| 1st plural | singavumela | — | singavumela | singevumele | — | singevumele |
| 2nd plural | ningavumela | — | ningavumela | ningevumele | — | ningevumele |
| Class 1 | angavumela | — | engavumela | angevumele | — | engevumele |
| Class 2 | bangavumela | — | bengavumela | bangevumele | — | bengevumele |
| Class 3 | ungavumela | — | ungavumela | ungevumele | — | ungevumele |
| Class 4 | ingavumela | — | ingavumela | ingevumele | — | ingevumele |
| Class 5 | lingavumela | — | lingavumela | lingevumele | — | lingevumele |
| Class 6 | angavumela | — | engavumela | angevumele | — | engevumele |
| Class 7 | singavumela | — | singavumela | singevumele | — | singevumele |
| Class 8 | zingavumela | — | zingavumela | zingevumele | — | zingevumele |
| Class 9 | ingavumela | — | ingavumela | ingevumele | — | ingevumele |
| Class 10 | zingavumela | — | zingavumela | zingevumele | — | zingevumele |
| Class 11 | lungavumela | — | lungavumela | lungevumele | — | lungevumele |
| Class 14 | bungavumela | — | bungavumela | bungevumele | — | bungevumele |
| Class 15 | kungavumela | — | kungavumela | kungevumele | — | kungevumele |
| Class 17 | kungavumela | — | kungavumela | kungevumele | — | kungevumele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizovumela | engizovumela | ngizovumela | angizuvumela | engingezuvumela | ngingezuvumela |
| 2nd singular | uzovumela | ozovumela | uzovumela | awuzuvumela | ongezuvumela | ungezuvumela |
| 1st plural | sizovumela | esizovumela | sizovumela | asizuvumela | esingezuvumela | singezuvumela |
| 2nd plural | nizovumela | enizovumela | nizovumela | anizuvumela | eningezuvumela | ningezuvumela |
| Class 1 | uzovumela | ozovumela | ezovumela | akazuvumela | ongezuvumela | engezuvumela |
| Class 2 | bazovumela | abazovumela | bezovumela | abazuvumela | abangezuvumela | bengezuvumela |
| Class 3 | uzovumela | ozovumela | uzovumela | awuzuvumela | ongezuvumela | ungezuvumela |
| Class 4 | izovumela | ezovumela | izovumela | ayizuvumela | engezuvumela | ingezuvumela |
| Class 5 | lizovumela | elizovumela | lizovumela | alizuvumela | elingezuvumela | lingezuvumela |
| Class 6 | azovumela | azovumela | ezovumela | awazuvumela | angezuvumela | engezuvumela |
| Class 7 | sizovumela | esizovumela | sizovumela | asizuvumela | esingezuvumela | singezuvumela |
| Class 8 | zizovumela | ezizovumela | zizovumela | azizuvumela | ezingezuvumela | zingezuvumela |
| Class 9 | izovumela | ezovumela | izovumela | ayizuvumela | engezuvumela | ingezuvumela |
| Class 10 | zizovumela | ezizovumela | zizovumela | azizuvumela | ezingezuvumela | zingezuvumela |
| Class 11 | luzovumela | oluzovumela | luzovumela | aluzuvumela | olungezuvumela | lungezuvumela |
| Class 14 | buzovumela | obuzovumela | buzovumela | abuzuvumela | obungezuvumela | bungezuvumela |
| Class 15 | kuzovumela | okuzovumela | kuzovumela | akuzuvumela | okungezuvumela | kungezuvumela |
| Class 17 | kuzovumela | okuzovumela | kuzovumela | akuzuvumela | okungezuvumela | kungezuvumela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyovumela | engiyovumela | ngiyovumela | angiyuvumela | engingeyuvumela | ngingeyuvumela |
| 2nd singular | uyovumela | oyovumela | uyovumela | awuyuvumela | ongeyuvumela | ungeyuvumela |
| 1st plural | siyovumela | esiyovumela | siyovumela | asiyuvumela | esingeyuvumela | singeyuvumela |
| 2nd plural | niyovumela | eniyovumela | niyovumela | aniyuvumela | eningeyuvumela | ningeyuvumela |
| Class 1 | uyovumela | oyovumela | eyovumela | akayuvumela | ongeyuvumela | engeyuvumela |
| Class 2 | bayovumela | abayovumela | beyovumela | abayuvumela | abangeyuvumela | bengeyuvumela |
| Class 3 | uyovumela | oyovumela | uyovumela | awuyuvumela | ongeyuvumela | ungeyuvumela |
| Class 4 | iyovumela | eyovumela | iyovumela | ayiyuvumela | engeyuvumela | ingeyuvumela |
| Class 5 | liyovumela | eliyovumela | liyovumela | aliyuvumela | elingeyuvumela | lingeyuvumela |
| Class 6 | ayovumela | ayovumela | eyovumela | awayuvumela | angeyuvumela | engeyuvumela |
| Class 7 | siyovumela | esiyovumela | siyovumela | asiyuvumela | esingeyuvumela | singeyuvumela |
| Class 8 | ziyovumela | eziyovumela | ziyovumela | aziyuvumela | ezingeyuvumela | zingeyuvumela |
| Class 9 | iyovumela | eyovumela | iyovumela | ayiyuvumela | engeyuvumela | ingeyuvumela |
| Class 10 | ziyovumela | eziyovumela | ziyovumela | aziyuvumela | ezingeyuvumela | zingeyuvumela |
| Class 11 | luyovumela | oluyovumela | luyovumela | aluyuvumela | olungeyuvumela | lungeyuvumela |
| Class 14 | buyovumela | obuyovumela | buyovumela | abuyuvumela | obungeyuvumela | bungeyuvumela |
| Class 15 | kuyovumela | okuyovumela | kuyovumela | akuyuvumela | okungeyuvumela | kungeyuvumela |
| Class 17 | kuyovumela | okuyovumela | kuyovumela | akuyuvumela | okungeyuvumela | kungeyuvumela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngivumele | ngingavumeli |
| 2nd singular | uvumele | ungavumeli |
| 1st plural | sivumele | singavumeli |
| 2nd plural | nivumele | ningavumeli |
| Class 1 | avumele | angavumeli |
| Class 2 | bavumele | bangavumeli |
| Class 3 | uvumele | ungavumeli |
| Class 4 | ivumele | ingavumeli |
| Class 5 | livumele | lingavumeli |
| Class 6 | avumele | angavumeli |
| Class 7 | sivumele | singavumeli |
| Class 8 | zivumele | zingavumeli |
| Class 9 | ivumele | ingavumeli |
| Class 10 | zivumele | zingavumeli |
| Class 11 | luvumele | lungavumeli |
| Class 14 | buvumele | bungavumeli |
| Class 15 | kuvumele | kungavumeli |
| Class 17 | kuvumele | kungavumeli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngavumela | ngangavumela, angavumela, angangavumela |
| 2nd singular | wavumela | wangavumela, awavumela, awangavumela |
| 1st plural | savumela | sangavumela, asavumela, asangavumela |
| 2nd plural | navumela | nangavumela, anavumela, anangavumela |
| Class 1 | wavumela | wangavumela, akavumela, akangavumela |
| Class 2 | bavumela | bangavumela, abavumela, abangavumela |
| Class 3 | wavumela | wangavumela, awavumela, awangavumela |
| Class 4 | yavumela | yangavumela, ayavumela, ayangavumela |
| Class 5 | lavumela | langavumela, alavumela, alangavumela |
| Class 6 | avumela | angavumela, awavumela, awangavumela |
| Class 7 | savumela | sangavumela, asavumela, asangavumela |
| Class 8 | zavumela | zangavumela, azavumela, azangavumela |
| Class 9 | yavumela | yangavumela, ayavumela, ayangavumela |
| Class 10 | zavumela | zangavumela, azavumela, azangavumela |
| Class 11 | lwavumela | lwangavumela, alwavumela, alwangavumela |
| Class 14 | bavumela | bangavumela, abavumela, abangavumela |
| Class 15 | kwavumela | kwangavumela, akwavumela, akwangavumela |
| Class 17 | kwavumela | kwangavumela, akwavumela, akwangavumela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “vumela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “vumela (3.2.9)”