# 辱

| 辱 | U+8FB1, &#36785; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FB1 |
| ← 辰 [U+8FB0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 農 → [U+8FB2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

辱 (Kangxi radical 161, 辰+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一女木戈 (MVDI), four-corner 7134$_3$, composition ⿱辰寸)

#### Derived characters

* 傉 嗕 𡏌 媷 搙 㦺 𢾯 槈 𣯋 溽 𤍇 縟(缛) 蓐 𨕯 鄏 𤚾 耨 𥛑
* 𧢁 褥 𤹘 鎒(𬭦) 𧏯 𧗈 𧽘 𨃽 䢆 䢇 𬷨 𪑾

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1252, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38686
* Dae Jaweon: page 1733, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3607, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8FB1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 耨 | *noːɡs, *nuːɡ |
| 槈 | *noːɡs |
| 鎒 | *noːɡs |
| 搙 | *rnoːɡ, *nuːɡ |
| 褥 | *nuːɡ, *njoɡ |
| 傉 | *nuːɡ |
| 辱 | *njoɡ |
| 縟 | *njoɡ |
| 蓐 | *njoɡ |
| 鄏 | *njoɡ |
| 溽 | *njoɡ |
| 媷 | *njoɡ |
| 嗕 | *njoɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 辰 (“hoe”) + 寸 (“hand”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rǔ, rù
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˇ, ㄖㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): juk$^6$
* Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̀
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lio̍k / jio̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): rog$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rǔ
*** Wade–Giles: ju$^3$
*** Yale: rǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruu
*** Palladius: жу (žu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rù
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rù
*** Wade–Giles: ju$^4$
*** Yale: rù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruh
*** Palladius: жу (žu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: juk$^6$
*** Yale: yuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: juk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊk̚²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: lio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liok
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /liɔk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: jio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jiok
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔk̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: rog$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jo̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zok̚⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit辱 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐu²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /lu²¹³/ /ʐu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iu¹³/ /ʐu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /lu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /lu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʐu²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʐou⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /v̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʐu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /vu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʐu⁵¹/ /vu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /nəu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /zu³¹/ /zu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /zu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʐu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʐuʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʐuəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zuəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /zuʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ʐuəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zoʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zoʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zoʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /jɤu²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /iu²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ȵiu⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʐəu²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /iəɯ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /luʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iuk̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jok̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /juk̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /juk̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔk̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /yʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /y⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /zok̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /zok̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: nyowk
Rime :
| Character | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 而蜀切 |
| Baxter | nyowk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭwok̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | juk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njoɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | rǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyowk › |
| Old Chinese | /*nok/ |
| English | disgrace |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10877 |
| Phonetic component | 辱 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 辱 |
| Old Chinese | /*njoɡ/ |

### Definitions

辱
* disgrace; shame; discredit
    恥辱／耻辱 ― chǐrǔ ― disgrace
    屈辱 ― qūrǔ ― humiliation
* to disgrace; to bring shame on
    辱沒／辱没 ― rǔméi ― to bring disgrace to
* to humiliate; to insult; to abuse
    淩辱／凌辱 ― língrǔ ― to humiliate
    辱罵／辱骂 ― rǔmà ― to insult
* (literary, humble) gratefully
    From: Sima Qian, Letter to Ren An. 1st century BCE. Translated by Burton Watson.
    nǎng zhě rǔ cì shū [Pinyin]
    In the past I had the honor of receiving a letter from you.

### Compounds

* 不辱
* 不辱使命 (bùrǔshǐmìng)
* 主憂臣辱／主忧臣辱
* 主辱臣死
* 侮辱
* 公然侮辱
* 共榮辱／共荣辱
* 凌辱 (língrǔ)
* 受辱 (shòurǔ)
* 喪權辱國／丧权辱国 (sàngquánrǔguó)
* 奇恥大辱／奇耻大辱 (qíchǐdàrǔ)
* 寧死不辱／宁死不辱
* 寵辱不驚／宠辱不惊
* 寵辱無驚／宠辱无惊
* 寵辱若驚／宠辱若惊
* 屈辱 (qūrǔ)
* 幸不辱命
* 幽囚受辱
* 廷辱
* 忍辱 (rěnrǔ)
* 恥辱／耻辱 (chǐrǔ)
* 折辱
* 挫辱
* 摧辱
* 楚辱
* 榮辱／荣辱 (róngrǔ)
* 榮辱與共／荣辱与共 (róngrùyǔgòng)
* 欺辱
* 死生榮辱／死生荣辱
* 毆辱／殴辱
* 汙辱／污辱 (wūrǔ)
* 沾辱
* 玷辱 (diànrǔ)
* 盛衰榮辱／盛衰荣辱 (shèngshuāiróngrǔ)
* 知足不辱
* 笞辱
* 羞辱 (xiūrǔ)
* 羞辱門楣／羞辱门楣
* 肆言詈辱
* 胯下之辱
* 自取其辱 (zìqǔqírǔ)
* 蒲鞭示辱
* 詈辱
* 辱命
* 辱國／辱国
* 辱國喪師／辱国丧师
* 辱子
* 辱承華翰／辱承华翰
* 辱抹
* 辱沒／辱没 (rǔmò)
* 辱游
* 辱罵／辱骂 (rǔmà)
* 辱荷
* 辱身敗名／辱身败名
* 辱門敗戶／辱门败户
* 降志辱身

### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: nhục (辱)

### References

* “辱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: にく (niku)、のく (noku)
* Kan-on: じょく (joku, Jōyō)
* Kun: はずかしめる (hazukashimeru, 辱める, Jōyō)、はじ (haji, 辱)、かたじけない (katajikenai, 辱い)

## Korean
### Hanja

辱 • (yok) (hangeul 욕, revised yok, McCune–Reischauer yok, Yale yok)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

辱: Hán Nôm readings: nhục, nhọc, nhúc, nhuốc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.