# 貶

| 貶 | U+8CB6, &#36022; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CB6 |
| ← 貵 [U+8CB5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 買 → [U+8CB7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

貶 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹戈人 (BCHIO), four-corner 6283$_7$, composition ⿰貝乏)

#### Derived characters

* 𠍥, 𠹰, 𢵉, 𬜎, 𧒅

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1206, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36707
* Dae Jaweon: page 1669, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 3
* Unihan data for U+8CB6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 砭 | *prom, *proms |
| 貶 | *promʔ |
| 窆 | *proms |
| 泛 | *pʰoms, *bob |
| 姂 | *pʰoms, *bob, *kpʰob |
| 䒦 | *pʰom, *pʰoms |
| 柉 | *bom |
| 覂 | *poŋʔ |
| 眨 | *sproːb |
| 鴔 | *brub |
| 乏 | *bob |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *promʔ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): biǎn (bian$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bian$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bin$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pién
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bian$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): bǐng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pián
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ping$^2$ / pêng$^2$ / biang$^2$ / biêng$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$pi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biǎn
*** Wade–Giles: pien$^3$
*** Yale: byǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bean
*** Palladius: бянь (bjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: bian$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bian
*** Sinological IPA : /piɛn⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bin$^2$
*** Yale: bín
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bin$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pién
*** Hakka Romanization System: bien$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi̯en³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pian³¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǐng
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pián
*** Tâi-lô: pián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /piɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /piɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɛn⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ping$^2$ / pêng$^2$ / biang$^2$ / biêng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phíng / phéng / piáng / piéng
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ⁵²/, /pʰeŋ⁵²/, /piaŋ⁵²/, /pieŋ⁵²/
* pêng - Jieyang;
* biêng2 - Chaozhou.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit貶 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /pian²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /pian²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /pian¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /piã⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /piã⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /pian⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /piã⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /piã⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /pian⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /piɛ̃n⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /pian⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /piɛn⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /pian⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /pian⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /piɛ̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /pien²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /piĩ²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /pie⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /pie̞⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /pie⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /pi³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /piɪ⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /piẽ̞⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /pi³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /pe³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /piɛ³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /piẽ⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /piẽ⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /piɛn²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pien³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pin³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /pin³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /pin³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /pian⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /pieŋ³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /piŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /piaŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔbin²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: pjemX
Rime :
| Character | 貶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (154) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方斂切 |
| Baxter | pjemX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠiᴇm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚiɛm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piæm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pjiam$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pjɛm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭɛm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pi̯ɛm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | biǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bin$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pr[e]mʔ/, /*p(r)[o]mʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*promʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 貶 | 貶 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | biǎn | biǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjem$^X$ › | ‹ pjem$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*pr[e]mʔ/ | /*p(r)[o]mʔ/ |
| English | diminish | diminish |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 貶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2841 |
| Phonetic component | 乏 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 貶 |
| Old Chinese | /*promʔ/ |

### Definitions

貶
* to reduce; to lower
    貶值／贬值 ― biǎnzhí ― to depreciate
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Biǎn shí xǐng yòng, wùsè quànfēn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (literary) to demote
    貶謫／贬谪 ― biǎnzhé ― to demote and banish from the court
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yī bù cháo, zé biǎn qí jué, zài bù cháo, zé xuē qí dì. [Pinyin]
    If a prince once omitted his attendance at court, he was punished by degradation of rank; if he did so a second time, he was deprived of a portion of his territory.
* to vilify; to censure; to criticize
    被貶得一文不值／被贬得一文不值 ― bèi biǎn dé yīwénbùzhí ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (grammar) negative polarity

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to vilify”): 褒 (bāo)

### Compounds

* 一字褒貶／一字褒贬 (yīzì-bāobiǎn)
* 自貶／自贬 (zìbiǎn)
* 落褒貶／落褒贬
* 褒善貶惡／褒善贬恶
* 褒貶／褒贬 (bāobiǎn)
* 褒貶與奪／褒贬与夺
* 謫貶／谪贬
* 貶低／贬低 (biǎndī)
* 貶值／贬值 (biǎnzhí)
* 貶價／贬价 (biǎnjià)
* 貶抑／贬抑 (biǎnyì)
* 貶損／贬损 (biǎnsǔn)
* 貶斥／贬斥 (biǎnchì)
* 貶書／贬书
* 貶罰／贬罚
* 貶義／贬义 (biǎnyì)
* 貶義詞／贬义词 (biǎnyìcí)
* 貶詞／贬词 (biǎncí)
* 貶謫／贬谪 (biǎnzhé)
* 貶責／贬责 (biǎnzé)
* 貶駁／贬驳
* 貶黜／贬黜 (biǎnchù)
* 頻頻貶降／频频贬降

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: へん (hen)
* Kan-on: へん (hen)
* Kun: けなす (kenasu, 貶す)、おとしむ (otoshimu, 貶む)、おとしめる (otoshimeru, 貶める)、さげすむ (sagesumu, 貶む)

#### Compounds

* 貶竄
* 貶斥
* 貶損
* 貶退
* 貶謫
* 貶逐
* 貶黜
* 貶流

## Korean
### Hanja

貶 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

貶: Hán Nôm readings: biếm, bâm, mém
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.