# 繁茂
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fánmào
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄇㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^4$ mau$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoân-biō / hoân-mō͘ / hoân-bō͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fánmào
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄇㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fánmào
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^2$-mao$^4$
*** Yale: fán-màu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnmaw
*** Palladius: фаньмао (fanʹmao)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän³⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^4$ mau$^6$
*** Yale: fàahn mauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^4$ mau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^4$ meo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²¹ mɐu̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân-biō
*** Tâi-lô: huân-biō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoanbioi
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /huan²⁴⁻²² bio⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân-mō͘
*** Tâi-lô: huân-mōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoanmo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huan²⁴⁻²² mɔ̃²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân-bō͘
*** Tâi-lô: huân-bōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoanbo
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan¹³⁻²² bɔ²²/

### Adjective

繁茂
* lush; luxuriant

#### Synonyms

* 幽鬱／幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
* 肥美 (féiměi)
* 芊綿／芊绵 (qiānmián) (literary, of vegetation)
* 茂 (literary, or in compounds)
* 茂盛 (màoshèng)
* 萋萋 (qīqī) (literary)
* 菶菶 (běngběng) (literary)
* 葳蕤 (wēiruí) (literary)
* 豐茂／丰茂 (fēngmào)
* 趒 (Hokkien)
* 軫軫／轸轸 (zhěnzhěn) (literary)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 繁 | 茂 |
| はん Grade: S | も Grade: S |
| kan'on | goon |
* Alternative spelling
* 繁茂 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はんも [háꜜǹmò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [hã̠mːo̞]

### Noun

繁(はん)茂(も) • (hanmo)
* thick growth

### Verb

繁(はん)茂(も)する • (hanmo suru) intransitive suru (stem 繁(はん)茂(も)し (hanmo shi), past 繁(はん)茂(も)した (hanmo shita))
* to grow thick

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 繁茂し | はんもし | hanmo shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 繁茂し | はんもし | hanmo shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 繁茂する | はんもする | hanmo suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 繁茂する | はんもする | hanmo suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 繁茂すれ | はんもすれ | hanmo sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 繁茂せよ¹ 繁茂しろ² | はんもせよ¹ はんもしろ² | hanmo seyo¹ hanmo shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 繁茂される | はんもされる | hanmo sareru |
| Causative | 繁茂させる 繁茂さす | はんもさせる はんもさす | hanmo saseru hanmo sasu |
| Potential | 繁茂できる | はんもできる | hanmo dekiru |
| Volitional | 繁茂しよう | はんもしよう | hanmo shiyō |
| Negative | 繁茂しない | はんもしない | hanmo shinai |
| Negative continuative | 繁茂せず | はんもせず | hanmo sezu |
| Formal | 繁茂します | はんもします | hanmo shimasu |
| Perfective | 繁茂した | はんもした | hanmo shita |
| Conjunctive | 繁茂して | はんもして | hanmo shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 繁茂すれば | はんもすれば | hanmo sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN