# ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲟⲩⲱⲧϥ (ouōtf) — Sahidic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, Old Coptic
* ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (ouōteb), ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉϥ (ouōtef) — Bohairic, Fayyumic
* ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃⲉ (ouōtbe), ⲟⲩⲱⲧϥⲉ (ouōtfe) — Akhmimic

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ • (ouōtb) (nominal state (S) ⲟⲩⲉⲧⲃ-, pronominal state (S) ⲟⲩⲟⲧⲃ⸗, (F) ⲟⲩⲁⲧⲃ⸗, stative (S) ⲟⲩⲟⲧⲃ)
* (Sahidic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan) to change, be changed

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tm̄ouōtb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄nouōtb, m̄pr̄ouōtb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tiouōtb | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ kouōtb | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ teouōtb | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fouōtb | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ souōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetn̄ouōtb | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ seouōtb | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄ouōtb, etekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eteouōtb, etereouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄ouōtb, etefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄ouōtb, etesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄ouōtb, etenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- ouōtb, ete- ouōtb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nereouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neuouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- ouōtb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tinaouōtb | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ knaouōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tenaouōtb | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fnaouōtb | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ snaouōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄naouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetnaouōtb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ senaouōtb | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naouōtb |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïnaouōtb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eknaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ erenaouōtb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efnaouōtb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esnaouōtb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ennaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eunaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- naouōtb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etinaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etenaouōtb, eterenaouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etounaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- naouōtb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neknaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nerenaouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nennaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neunaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- naouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aïouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ areouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ atetn̄ouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ a- ouōtb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄piouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pk̄ouōtb, m̄pekouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄peouōtb, m̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pf̄ouōtb, m̄pefouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄ps̄ouōtb, m̄pesouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pn̄ouōtb, m̄penouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaïouōtb | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eakouōtb | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eareouōtb | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eafouōtb | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ easouōtb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eanouōtb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eauouōtb | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ea- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empiouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empk̄ouōtb, empekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empeouōtb, empr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empk̄ouōtb, empekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emps̄ouōtb, empesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empn̄ouōtb, empenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empououōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empe- ouōtb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etaïouōtb, n̄taïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etakouōtb, n̄takouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etareouōtb, n̄taouōtbouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etafouōtb, n̄tafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etasouōtb, n̄tasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etanouōtb, n̄tanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etatetn̄ouōtb, n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etauouōtb, n̄tauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eta- ouōtb, n̄ta- ouōtb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempk̄ouōtb, etempekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempeouōtb, etempr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempk̄ouōtb, etempekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemps̄ouōtb, etempesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempn̄ouōtb, etempenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempe- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neaïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neakouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neareouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neafouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neasouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neanouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neauouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nea- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempiouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempk̄ouōtb, nempekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempeouōtb, nempr̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempk̄ouōtb, nempekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemps̄ouōtb, nempesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempn̄ouōtb, nempenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nempe- ouōtb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taïouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄takouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tareouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tafouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tasouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tanouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tauouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄ta- ouōtb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patiouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pateouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patououōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patiouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pateouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pate- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šaïouōtb | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šakouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šareouōtb | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šafouōtb | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šasouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanouōtb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šatetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šauouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šare- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ maïouōtb | ⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ makouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mareouōtb | ⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mafouōtb | ⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ masouōtb | ⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ manouōtb | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ matetn̄ouōtb | ⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mauouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mare- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešaïouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešakouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešareouōtb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešafouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešasouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešauouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emaïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emakouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emareouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emafouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emasouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emanouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ematetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emauouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emare- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešaïouōtb, ešaïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešakouōtb, ešakouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešareouōtb, ešareouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešafouōtb, ešafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešasouōtb, ešasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešanouōtb, ešanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešatetn̄ouōtb, ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešauouōtb, ešauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešare- ouōtb, ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemaïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemakouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemareouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etematetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemare- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešaïouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešakouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešareouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešafouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešasouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešanouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešauouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemaïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemakouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemareouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemafouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemasouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemanouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nematetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemauouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemare- ouōtb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emaïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emakouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emareouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emafouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emasouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emanouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ematetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emauouōtb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emare- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïaouōtb | ⲉⲕⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eraouōtb | ⲉϥⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efaouōtb | ⲉⲥⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esaouōtb | ⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲩⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neuouōtb | ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ne- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mariouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marefouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ maresouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marn̄ouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marououōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mare- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄prtraouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄prtrefouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄prtresouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄prtrenouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄prtreuouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pōrte- ouōtb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taouōtb, taouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲅⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄gouōtb, n̄kouōtb, kouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teouōtb, teouōtb | ⲛ̄ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄fouōtb, fouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄souōtb, souōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tn̄ouōtb, tn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tetn̄ouōtb, tetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄seouōtb, seouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄te- ouōtb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tariouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarekouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tareouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarefouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taresouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taretn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarououōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tare- ouōtb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tariouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tarekouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tareouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tarefouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taresouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tarn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taretn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tarououōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tare- ouōtb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantiouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantk̄ouōtb, šantekouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanteouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantf̄ouōtb, šantefouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šants̄ouōtb, šantesouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantn̄ouōtb, šantenouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantououōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šante- ouōtb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïšanouōtb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekšanouōtb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eršanouōtb, erešanouōtb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efšanouōtb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esšanouōtb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enšanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešantetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eušanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešante- ouōtb, erša- ouōtb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ štemouōtb | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲡⲉⲗⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpelouōtb, pelouōtb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tiouōtb | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ kouōtb | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ teouōtb | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fouōtb | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ souōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tenouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetenouōtb | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ seouōtb | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eiouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eleouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eletenouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ele- ouōtb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eteouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ete- ouōtb, etele- ouōtb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naiouōtb | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nakouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naleouōtb | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nafouōtb | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nasouōtb | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nanouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naletenouōtb | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nauouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nale- ouōtb |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aiouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aleouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aletenouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ale- ouōtb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tineouōtb | ⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ kneouōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ teneouōtb | ϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fneouōtb | ⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ sneouōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tenneouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetenneouōtb | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ seneouōtb | ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neouōtb |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eineouōtb | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekneouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eleneouōtb | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efneouōtb | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esneouōtb | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enneouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eletenneouōtb | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euneouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ele- neouōtb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etineouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etekneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eteneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etefneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etesneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etenneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetenneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etouneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etele- neouōtb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naineouōtb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nakneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naleneouōtb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nafneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nasneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nanneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naletenneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nauneouōtb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nale- neouōtb |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aineouōtb | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akneouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aleneouōtb | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afneouōtb | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asneouōtb | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anneouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aletenneouōtb | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auneouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ale- neouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aiouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aleouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ atetenouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ a- ouōtb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpiouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpekouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpefouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpesouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpenouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpetenouōtb | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpououōtb | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpe- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaiouōtb | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eakouōtb | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ealeouōtb | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eafouōtb | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ easouōtb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eanouōtb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eatetenouōtb | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eauouōtb | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ea- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empiouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empeouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empetenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empououōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empe- ouōtb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntaiouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntakouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntaleouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntafouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntasouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etaletenouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntauouōtb | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nta- ouōtb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempeouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempetenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempe- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneaiouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneakouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnealeouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneafouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneasouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneanouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneatetenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneauouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnea- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempiouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempekouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempeouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempefouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempesouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempetenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempououōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempe- ouōtb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aaiouōtb | ⲁⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aakouōtb | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aaleouōtb | ⲁⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aafouōtb | ⲁⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aasouōtb | ⲁⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etaletenouōtb | ⲁⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aauouōtb | ⲁⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aa- ouōtb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatiouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatekouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpateouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatefouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatesouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatenouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatetenouōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpatououōtb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpate- ouōtb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatiouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empateouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatetenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empatououōtb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ empate- ouōtb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempateouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatetenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempatououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etempate- ouōtb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatiouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatekouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempateouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatefouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatesouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatetenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempatououōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnempate- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šaiouōtb | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šakouōtb | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šaleouōtb | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šafouōtb | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šasouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanouōtb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šatetenouōtb | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šauouōtb | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šale- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meiouōtb | ⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mekouōtb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meleouōtb | ⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mefouōtb | ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mesouōtb | ⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ menouōtb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meletenouōtb | ⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meuouōtb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mele- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešaiouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešakouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešaleouōtb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešafouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešasouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešatetenouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešauouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešale- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeiouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeleouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeletenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeuouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emele- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešaiouōtb, nšaiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešakouōtb, nšakouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešaleouōtb, nšaleouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešafouōtb, nšafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešasouōtb, nšasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešanouōtb, nšanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešatetenouōtb, nšatetenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešauouōtb, nšauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešale- ouōtb, nšale- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeleouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeletenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeuouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemele- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešaiouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešakouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešaleouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešafouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešasouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešanouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešatetenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešauouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnešale- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemeiouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemekouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemeleouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemefouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemesouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemeletenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemeuouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnemele- ouōtb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmeiouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmekouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmeleouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmefouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmesouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmenouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmeletenouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmeuouōtb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nmele- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eieouōtb | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekeouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eleouōtb | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efeouōtb | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eseouōtb | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eneouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eleteneouōtb | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eueouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ele- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnaouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnekouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nneouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnefouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnesouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnetenouōtb | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nnououōtb | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nne- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ maliouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ malefouōtb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ malesouōtb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ malenouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ malououōtb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ male- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltriouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltrefouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltresouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltrenouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltreuouōtb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mpeltre- ouōtb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taouōtb, ntaouōtb | ⲛⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nkouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nteouōtb | ⲛϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nfouōtb | ⲛⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nsouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntenouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntetenouōtb | ⲛⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nseouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nte- ouōtb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taliouōtb, ntaliouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ talekouōtb, ntalekouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taleouōtb, ntaleouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ talefouōtb, ntalefouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ talesouōtb, ntalesouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ talenouōtb, ntalenouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taletenouōtb, ntaletenouōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ talououōtb, ntalououōtb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tale- ouōtb, ntale- ouōtb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nteliouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntelekouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nteleouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntelefouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntelesouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntelenouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nteletenouōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntelououōtb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ntele- ouōtb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantiouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantekouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanteouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantefouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantesouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantenouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantetenouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantououōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šante- ouōtb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eišanouōtb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekšanouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ elešanouōtb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efšanouōtb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esšanouōtb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enšanouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eletenšanouōtb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eušanouōtb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ elešan- ouōtb, elšan- ouōtb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aiouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aleouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aletenouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ale- ouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tm̄ouōtb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄ouōtb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tiouōtb | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ kouōtb | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ teouōtb | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fouōtb | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ souōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetn̄ouōtb | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ seouōtb | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eteouōtb, etereouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- ouōtb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nereouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neuouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- ouōtb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tinaouōtb | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ knaouōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tenaouōtb | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fnaouōtb | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ snaouōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄naouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetnaouōtb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ senaouōtb | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naouōtb |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïnaouōtb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eknaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ erenaouōtb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efnaouōtb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esnaouōtb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ennaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eunaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- naouōtb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etinaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etenaouōtb, eterenaouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etounaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- naouōtb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neknaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nerenaouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nennaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neunaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- naouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aïouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aouōtb, arouōtb, areouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ atetn̄ouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ a- ouōtb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄piouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄peouōtb, m̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaïouōtb | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eakouōtb | ⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaouōtb, earouōtb, eareouōtb | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eafouōtb | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ easouōtb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eanouōtb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eauouōtb | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ea- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄piouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄peouōtb, em̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pououōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entaïouōtb, n̄taïouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entakouōtb, n̄takouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entaouōtb, n̄taouōtb, entarouōtb, n̄tarouōtb, entareouōtb, n̄tareouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entafouōtb, n̄tafouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entasouōtb, n̄tasouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entanouōtb, n̄tanouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entatetn̄ouōtb, n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entauouōtb, n̄tauouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enta- ouōtb, n̄ta- ouōtb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄piouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄peouōtb, etem̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neaïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neakouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neaouōtb, nearouōtb, neareouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neafouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neasouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neanouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neauouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nea- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄piouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄peouōtb, nem̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taïouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄takouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taouōtb, n̄tarouōtb, n̄tareouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tafouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tasouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tanouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tauouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄ta- ouōtb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patiouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pateouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patououōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patiouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pateouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pate- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šaïouōtb | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šakouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šareouōtb | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šafouōtb | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šasouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanouōtb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šatetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šauouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šare- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meïouōtb | ⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mekouōtb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mereouōtb | ⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mefouōtb | ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mesouōtb | ⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ menouōtb | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ metetn̄ouōtb | ⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meuouōtb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mere- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešaïouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešakouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešareouōtb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešafouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešasouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešauouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emereouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeuouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emere- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešaïouōtb, ešaïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešakouōtb, ešakouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešareouōtb, ešareouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešafouōtb, ešafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešasouōtb, ešasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešanouōtb, ešanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešatetn̄ouōtb, ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešauouōtb, ešauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešare- ouōtb, ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemereouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeuouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemere- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešaïouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešakouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešareouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešafouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešasouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešanouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešauouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemeïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemereouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemetetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemeuouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemere- ouōtb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emereouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeuouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emere- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïeouōtb | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekeouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efeouōtb | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eseouōtb | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetneouōtb | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eueouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄naouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nekouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄neouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nefouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nesouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nenouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄netn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄neuouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄ne- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mariouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marefouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ maresouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marn̄ouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marououōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mare- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄traouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄trefouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄tresouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄trenouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄treuouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄tre- ouōtb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taouōtb, taouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲅⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄gouōtb, n̄kouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teouōtb | ⲛ̄ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄fouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄souōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄seouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄te- ouōtb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tariouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarekouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tareouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarefouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taresouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taretn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarououōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tare- ouōtb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teriouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terekouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tereouōtb, n̄tererouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terefouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teresouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tern̄ouōtb, n̄terenouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teretn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terououōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tere- ouōtb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantiouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantk̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanteouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantf̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šants̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantououōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šante- ouōtb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïšanouōtb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekšanouōtb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eršanouōtb, erešanouōtb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efšanouōtb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esšanouōtb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enšanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄šanouōtb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eušanouōtb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eršan- ouōtb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

##### Related terms

* ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (ouōteb)
* ⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (atouōteb)

### Etymology 2

From Demotic *wtf (“hole”), from Egyptian wft (“to pierce”).

#### Verb

ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ • (ouōtb)
* (Sahidic) to pass through, pierce

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tm̄ouōtb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄ouōtb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tiouōtb | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ kouōtb | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ teouōtb | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fouōtb | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ souōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetn̄ouōtb | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ seouōtb | ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ouōtb |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eteouōtb, etereouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- ouōtb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nereouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neuouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- ouōtb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tinaouōtb | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ knaouōtb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tenaouōtb | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ fnaouōtb | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ snaouōtb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tn̄naouōtb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tetnaouōtb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ senaouōtb | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ naouōtb |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïnaouōtb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eknaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ erenaouōtb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efnaouōtb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esnaouōtb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ennaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eunaouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- naouōtb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etinaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etk̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etenaouōtb, eterenaouōtb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etf̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ets̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etn̄naouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetnaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etounaouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etere- naouōtb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neïnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neknaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nerenaouōtb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nefnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nesnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nennaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ netetnaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neunaouōtb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nere- naouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aïouōtb | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ akouōtb | ⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ aouōtb, arouōtb, areouōtb | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ afouōtb | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ asouōtb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ anouōtb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ atetn̄ouōtb | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ auouōtb | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ a- ouōtb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄piouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄peouōtb, m̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaïouōtb | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eakouōtb | ⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eaouōtb, earouōtb, eareouōtb | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eafouōtb | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ easouōtb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eanouōtb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eauouōtb | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ea- ouōtb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄piouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄peouōtb, em̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pououōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entaïouōtb, n̄taïouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entakouōtb, n̄takouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entaouōtb, n̄taouōtb, entarouōtb, n̄tarouōtb, entareouōtb, n̄tareouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entafouōtb, n̄tafouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entasouōtb, n̄tasouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entanouōtb, n̄tanouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entatetn̄ouōtb, n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ entauouōtb, n̄tauouōtb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enta- ouōtb, n̄ta- ouōtb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄piouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄peouōtb, etem̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neaïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neakouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neaouōtb, nearouōtb, neareouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neafouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neasouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neanouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ neauouōtb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nea- ouōtb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄piouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pk̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄peouōtb, nem̄pr̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pf̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄ps̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄petn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pe- ouōtb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taïouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄takouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taouōtb, n̄tarouōtb, n̄tareouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tafouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tasouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tanouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tauouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄ta- ouōtb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patiouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pateouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄patououōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄patououōtb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ em̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patiouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pateouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄patououōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etem̄pate- ouōtb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patiouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patk̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pateouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patf̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pats̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄patououōtb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nem̄pate- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šaïouōtb | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šakouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šareouōtb | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šafouōtb | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šasouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanouōtb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šatetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šauouōtb | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šare- ouōtb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meïouōtb | ⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mekouōtb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mereouōtb | ⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mefouōtb | ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mesouōtb | ⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ menouōtb | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ metetn̄ouōtb | ⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ meuouōtb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mere- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešaïouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešakouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešareouōtb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešafouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešasouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešanouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešauouōtb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emereouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeuouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emere- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešaïouōtb, ešaïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešakouōtb, ešakouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešareouōtb, ešareouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešafouōtb, ešafouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešasouōtb, ešasouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešanouōtb, ešanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešatetn̄ouōtb, ešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešauouōtb, ešauouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etešare- ouōtb, ešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeïouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemekouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemereouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemefouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemesouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemenouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemeuouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etemere- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešaïouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešakouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešareouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešafouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešasouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešanouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešatetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešauouōtb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nešare- ouōtb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemeïouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemekouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemereouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemefouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemesouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemenouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemetetn̄ouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemeuouōtb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ nemere- ouōtb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeïouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emekouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emereouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emefouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emesouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emenouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emetetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emeuouōtb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ emere- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïeouōtb | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekeouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efeouōtb | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eseouōtb | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eneouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetneouōtb | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eueouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄naouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nekouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄neouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nefouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nesouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄nenouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄netn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄neuouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄ne- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mariouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marefouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ maresouōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marn̄ouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ marououōtb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ mare- ouōtb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄traouōtb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄trefouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄tresouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄trenouōtb | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄treuouōtb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ m̄pr̄tre- ouōtb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄taouōtb, taouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲅⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄gouōtb, n̄kouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teouōtb | ⲛ̄ϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄fouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄souōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tetn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄seouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄te- ouōtb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tariouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarekouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tareouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarefouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taresouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ taretn̄ouōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tarououōtb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ tare- ouōtb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teriouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terekouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tereouōtb, n̄tererouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terefouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teresouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tern̄ouōtb, n̄terenouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄teretn̄ouōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄terououōtb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ n̄tere- ouōtb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantiouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantk̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šanteouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantf̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šants̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantetn̄ouōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šantououōtb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ šante- ouōtb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïšanouōtb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekšanouōtb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eršanouōtb, erešanouōtb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efšanouōtb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esšanouōtb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enšanouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄šanouōtb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eušanouōtb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eršan- ouōtb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ eïouōtb | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ekouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ereouōtb | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ efouōtb | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ esouōtb | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ enouōtb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ etetn̄ouōtb | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ euouōtb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ ere- ouōtb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

##### Related terms

* ⲟⲩⲁⲧⲃⲉ (ouatbe, “pierced place, hole”)

### References

* Westendorf, Wolfhart (1965–1977) Koptisches Handwörterbuch, first edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, →ISBN, page 280
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 219
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 496