# ⲟⲩⲱⲙ
## Coptic
### Verb

ⲟⲩⲱⲙ • (ouōm) (nominal state ⲟⲩⲙ- or ⲟⲩⲉⲙ-, pronominal state ⲟⲩⲟⲙ⸗, conjunct participle ⲟⲩⲁⲙ-)
* (transitive and intransitive, Sahidic, Bohairic, Fayyumic, Akhmimic) to eat

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tm̄ouōm, tm̄n̄ouōm | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄n̄ouōm |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ tiouōm | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ kouōm | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teouōm | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ fouōm | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ souōm | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tn̄ouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetn̄ouōm | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ seouōm | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïouōm | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ efouōm | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ esouōm | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ euouōm | ⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ e- ouōm, ere- ouōm |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etiouōm | ⲉⲧⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etkouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eteouōm, etereouōm | ⲉⲧϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etfouōm | ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etsouōm | ⲉⲧⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etnouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etououōm | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ete- ouōm, etere- ouōm |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ naïouōm | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nareouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nanouōm | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ natetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nauouōm | ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ na- ouōm, nare- ouōm |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲁⲣ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm, ar- ouōm, are- ouōm |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tinaouōm | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ knaouōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tenaouōm | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ fnaouōm | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ snaouōm | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tn̄naouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetnaouōm | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ senaouōm | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naouōm |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïnaouōm | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eknaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ erenaouōm | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ efnaouōm | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ esnaouōm | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ennaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetnaouōm | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eunaouōm | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ e- naouōm |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etinaouōm | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etknaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenaouōm, eterenaouōm | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etfnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etsnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etnnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etounaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ete- naouōm |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naïnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naknaouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ narenaouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nannaouōm | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ netetnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naunaouōm | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ na- naouōm |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ainaouōm | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aknaouōm, eknaouōm | ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ araouōm | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ afnaouōm | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ asnaouōm | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ annaouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretennaouōm | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aunaouōm | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- naouōm, are- naouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ aïouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ arouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetn̄ouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄piouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pk̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄peouōm, m̄pr̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pf̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄ps̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄petn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pououōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pe- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eaïouōm | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ eakouōm | ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ earouōm | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ eafouōm | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ easouōm | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eanouōm | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eatetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ eauouōm | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ea- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄piouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pk̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄peouōm, em̄pr̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pf̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄ps̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄petn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pououōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pe- ouōm |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaïouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etakouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ etarouōm | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etafouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etasouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etanouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etatetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etauouōm | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eta- ouōm |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄piouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pk̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄peouōm, etem̄pr̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pf̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄ps̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄petn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pe- ouōm |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ neaïouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ neakouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ nearouōm | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neafouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neasouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ neanouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ neatetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ neauouōm | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nea- ouōm |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄piouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pk̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄peouōm, nem̄pr̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pf̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄ps̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄petn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pououōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pe- ouōm |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ naïouōm | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ narouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nanouōm | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ natetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nauouōm | ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ na- ouōm |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patiouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patk̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pateouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patf̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pats̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patououōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patiouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patk̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pateouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patf̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pats̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patououōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patk̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pateouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patf̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pats̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patiouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patk̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pateouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patf̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pats̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patououōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pate- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ xareïouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ xarekouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ xareouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ xarefouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ xaresouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ xarenouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ xaretetn̄ouōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ xarououōm | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ xare- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ maïouōm | ⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ makouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ mareouōm | ⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mafouōm | ⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ masouōm | ⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ manouōm | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ matetn̄ouōm | ⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ mauouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mare- ouōm, ma- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ exareïouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ exarekouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ exareouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ exarefouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ exaresouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ exarenouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ exaretetn̄ouōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ exarououōm | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ exare- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emaïouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ emakouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ emareouōm | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emafouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emasouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ emanouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ematetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ emauouōm | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emare- ouōm, ema- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexareïouōm, etxareïouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexarekouōm, etxarekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexareouōm, etxareouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexarefouōm, etxarefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexaresouōm, etxaresouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexarenouōm, etxarenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexaretetn̄ouōm, etxaretetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexarououōm, etxarououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etexare- ouōm, etxare- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemaïouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemakouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemareouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemafouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemasouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemanouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etematetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemauouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemare- ouōm, etema- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexareïouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexarekouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexareouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexarefouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexaresouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexarenouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexaretetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexarououōm | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nexare- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemaïouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemakouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemareouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemafouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemasouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemanouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nematetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemauouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemare- ouōm, nema- ouōm |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ amaïouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ amakouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ amareouōm | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ amafouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ amasouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ amanouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ amatetn̄ouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ amauouōm | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ amare- ouōm, ma- ouōm |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aïaouōm | ⲁⲕⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ akaouōm | ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ araouōm | ⲁϥⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ afaouōm | ⲁⲥⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ asaouōm | ⲁⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ anaouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetnaouōm | ⲁⲩⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ auaouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naouōm, enaouōm | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nekouōm, enekouōm | ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ neouōm, eneouōm | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nefouōm, enefouōm | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nesouōm, enesouōm | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nenouōm, enenouōm | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ netn̄ouōm, enetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ neuouōm, eneuouōm | ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ne- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ mariouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ marefouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ maresouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ marn̄ouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ marououōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mare- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄taouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄tf̄ouōm | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄ts̄ouōm | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄tn̄ouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄tououōm | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mn̄te- ouōm |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ taouōm | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ kouōm | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teouōm | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ fouōm, n̄tfouōm | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ souōm | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tn̄ouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetn̄ouōm | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲥⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ seouōm, sououōm | ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ te- ouōm |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ tariouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarekouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tareouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarefouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ taresouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarn̄ouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ taretetn̄ouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarououōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tare- ouōm |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tariouōm, tariouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tarekouōm, tarekouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tareouōm, tareouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tarefouōm, tarefouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄taresouōm, taresouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tarn̄ouōm, tarn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄taretn̄ouōm, taretn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tarououōm, tarououōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tare- ouōm, tare- ouōm |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatiouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatk̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šateouōm | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatf̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šats̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatn̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatetn̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatououōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šate- ouōm |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aïšaouōm, eïšaouōm | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ akšaouōm, ekšaouōm | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ arešaouōm, erešaouōm | ⲁϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ afšaouōm, efšaouōm | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ asšaouōm, esšaouōm | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ anšaouōm, enšaouōm | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ašatetn̄ouōm, ešatetn̄ouōm | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aušaouōm, eušaouōm | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ aša- ouōm, eša- ouōm |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ aïouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetn̄ouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ are- ouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲟⲩⲱⲙ štemouōm | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀perouōm |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ tiouōm | ⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ khouōm | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teouōm | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ fouōm | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ souōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ tenouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetenouōm | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ seouōm | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ eiouōm | ⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekhouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ efouōm | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ esouōm | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eretenouōm | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ euouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- ouōm |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etekhouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eteouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etououōm | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ete- ouōm |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ naiouōm | ⲛⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakhouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nareouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nanouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ naretenouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nauouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nare- ouōm |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ akhouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ are- ouōm |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tinaouōm | ⲭⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ khnaouōm | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ teraouōm | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ fnaouōm | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ snaouōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tennaouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetennaouōm | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ senaouōm | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naouōm |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ einaouōm | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekhnaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ erenaouōm | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ efnaouōm | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ esnaouōm | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ennaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eretennaouōm | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eunaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- naouōm |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etinaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etekhnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etefnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etesnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etennaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetennaouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etounaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ete- naouōm |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nainaouōm | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakhnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ narenaouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasnaouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nannaouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naretennaouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naunaouōm | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nare- naouōm |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ainaouōm | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ akhnaouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ arenaouōm | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ afnaouōm | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ asnaouōm | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ annaouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretennaouōm | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ aunaouōm | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ are- naouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ akhouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀piouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pekhouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀peouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pefouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pesouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀petenouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pououōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pe- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ eaiouōm | ⲉⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ eakhouōm | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eareouōm | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ eafouōm | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ easouōm | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eanouōm | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eatetenouōm | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ eauouōm | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ea- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀piouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pekhouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀peouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pefouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pesouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀penouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀petenouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pououōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pe- ouōm |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaiouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etakhouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etareouōm | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etafouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etasouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etanouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaretenouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etauouōm | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eta- ouōm |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀piouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pekhouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀peouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pefouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pesouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀penouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀petenouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pououōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pe- ouōm |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ neaiouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ neakhouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ neareouōm | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neafouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neasouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ neanouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ neatetenouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ neauouōm | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nea- ouōm |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀piouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀pekhouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀peouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀pefouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀pesouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀penouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀petenouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀pououōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̀pe- ouōm |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaiouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etakhouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etareouōm | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etafouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etasouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etanouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaretenouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etauouōm | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eta- ouōm |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patiouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patekhouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pateouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patefouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patesouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patenouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patetenouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀patououōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pate- ouōm |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patiouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patekhouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pateouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patefouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patesouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patenouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patetenouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀patououōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pate- ouōm |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patiouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patekhouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pateouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patefouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patesouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patenouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀patououōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pate- ouōm |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patiouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patekhouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pateouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patefouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patesouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patenouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patetenouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀patououōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pate- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ šaiouōm | ϣⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ šakhouōm | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šareouōm | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šafouōm | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šasouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šanouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatetenouōm | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šauouōm | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šare- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀paiouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pakhouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pareouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pafouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pasouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀panouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀paretenouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pauouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀pare- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešaiouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešakhouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešareouōm | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešafouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešasouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešanouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešatetenouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešauouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešare- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀paiouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pakhouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pareouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pafouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pasouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀panouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀paretenouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pauouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pare- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšaiouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšakhouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšareouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšafouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšasouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšanouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšatetenouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšauouōm | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etšare- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀paiouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pakhouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pareouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pafouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pasouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀panouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀paretenouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pauouōm | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etm̀pare- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ našaiouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ našakhouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ našareouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ našafouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ našasouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ našanouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ našatetenouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ našauouōm | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ našare- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀paiouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pakhouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pareouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pafouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pasouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀panouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀paretenouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pauouōm | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nam̀pare- ouōm |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀paiouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pakhouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pareouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pafouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pasouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀panouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀paretenouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pauouōm | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̀pare- ouōm |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eieouōm | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekeouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ efeouōm | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eseouōm | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eneouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereteneouōm | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eueouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- ouōm |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnaouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnekhouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹneouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnefouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnesouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnenouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnetenouōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹnououōm | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹne- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ mariouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ marefouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ maresouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ marenouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ marououōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mare- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthriouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthrefouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthresouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthrenouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthreuouōm | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̀penthre- ouōm |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtaouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtekhouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹteouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtefouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtesouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtenouōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹtetenouōm | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹseouōm, ǹtououōm | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ǹte- ouōm |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ tariouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarekhouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tareouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarefouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ taresouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarenouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ taretenouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarououōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tare- ouōm |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatiouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatekhouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šateouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatefouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatesouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatenouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatetenouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatououōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šate- ouōm |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aišanouōm | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ akšanouōm | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ arešanouōm | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ afšanouōm | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ asšanouōm | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anšanouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretenšanouōm | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aušanouōm | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ arešan- ouōm |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲭⲟⲩⲱⲙ akhouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aretenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ are- ouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲟⲩⲱⲙ štemouōm | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲡⲉⲗⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpelouōm, pelouōm |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ tiouōm | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ kouōm | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teouōm | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ fouōm | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ souōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ tenouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetenouōm | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ seouōm | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ eiouōm | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eleouōm | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ efouōm | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ esouōm | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eletenouōm | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ euouōm | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ele- ouōm |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eteouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etououōm | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ete- ouōm, etele- ouōm |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ naiouōm | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ naleouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nanouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ naletenouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nauouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nale- ouōm |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aleouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aletenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ale- ouōm |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tineouōm | ⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ kneouōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teneouōm | ϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ fneouōm | ⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ sneouōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tenneouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetenneouōm | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ seneouōm | ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ neouōm |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eineouōm | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekneouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eleneouōm | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ efneouōm | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ esneouōm | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ enneouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eletenneouōm | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ euneouōm | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ele- neouōm |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etineouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etekneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eteneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etefneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etesneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetenneouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etouneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etele- neouōm |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ naineouōm | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nakneouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ naleneouōm | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nafneouōm | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nasneouōm | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nanneouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ naletenneouōm | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nauneouōm | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nale- neouōm |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aineouōm | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ akneouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aleneouōm | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ afneouōm | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ asneouōm | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ anneouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aletenneouōm | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ auneouōm | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ale- neouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aleouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpiouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpekouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeouōm | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpefouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpesouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpenouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpetenouōm | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpououōm | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpe- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ eaiouōm | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ eakouōm | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ealeouōm | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ eafouōm | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ easouōm | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eanouōm | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eatetenouōm | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ eauouōm | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ea- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ empiouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ empekouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ empeouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ empefouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ empesouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ empenouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ empetenouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ empououōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ empe- ouōm |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntaiouōm | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntakouōm | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntaleouōm | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntafouōm | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntasouōm | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntanouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaletenouōm | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntauouōm | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nta- ouōm |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempeouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempe- ouōm |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneaiouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneakouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnealeouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneafouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneasouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneanouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneatetenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneauouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnea- ouōm |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempiouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempekouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempeouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempefouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempesouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempetenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempououōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempe- ouōm |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aaiouōm | ⲁⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ aakouōm | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aaleouōm | ⲁⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ aafouōm | ⲁⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ aasouōm | ⲁⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aanouōm | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etaletenouōm | ⲁⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ aauouōm | ⲁⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ aa- ouōm |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatiouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatekouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpateouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatefouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatesouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatenouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatetenouōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpatououōm | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpate- ouōm |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatiouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatekouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ empateouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatefouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatesouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatenouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatetenouōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ empatououōm | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ empate- ouōm |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempateouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempatououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etempate- ouōm |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatiouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatekouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempateouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatefouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatesouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatetenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempatououōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnempate- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ šaiouōm | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ šakouōm | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šaleouōm | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šafouōm | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šasouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šanouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatetenouōm | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šauouōm | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šale- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ meiouōm | ⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ mekouōm | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ meleouōm | ⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mefouōm | ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mesouōm | ⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ menouōm | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ meletenouōm | ⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ meuouōm | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mele- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešaiouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešakouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešaleouōm | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešafouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešasouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešanouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešatetenouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešauouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešale- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeiouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ emekouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeleouōm | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emefouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emesouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ emenouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeletenouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeuouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emele- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešaiouōm, nšaiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešakouōm, nšakouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešaleouōm, nšaleouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešafouōm, nšafouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešasouōm, nšasouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešanouōm, nšanouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešatetenouōm, nšatetenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešauouōm, nšauouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešale- ouōm, nšale- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeleouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeletenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeuouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemele- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešaiouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešakouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešaleouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešafouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešasouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešanouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešatetenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešauouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnešale- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemeiouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemekouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemeleouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemefouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemesouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemeletenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemeuouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnemele- ouōm |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmeiouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmekouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmeleouōm | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmefouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmesouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmenouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmeletenouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmeuouōm | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nmele- ouōm |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eieouōm | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekeouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eleouōm | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ efeouōm | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eseouōm | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eneouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eleteneouōm | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eueouōm | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ele- ouōm |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnaouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnekouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nneouōm | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnefouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnesouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnenouōm | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnetenouōm | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nnououōm | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nne- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ maliouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ malefouōm | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ malesouōm | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ malenouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ malououōm | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ male- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltriouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltrefouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltresouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltrenouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltreuouōm | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mpeltre- ouōm |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ taouōm, ntaouōm | ⲛⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nkouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nteouōm | ⲛϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nfouōm | ⲛⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nsouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntenouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntetenouōm | ⲛⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nseouōm | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nte- ouōm |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ taliouōm, ntaliouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ talekouōm, ntalekouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ taleouōm, ntaleouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ talefouōm, ntalefouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ talesouōm, ntalesouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ talenouōm, ntalenouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ taletenouōm, ntaletenouōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ talououōm, ntalououōm | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tale- ouōm, ntale- ouōm |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nteliouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntelekouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nteleouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntelefouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntelesouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntelenouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nteletenouōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntelououōm | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ntele- ouōm |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantiouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantekouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šanteouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantefouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantesouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantenouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantetenouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantououōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šante- ouōm |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eišanouōm | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekšanouōm | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ elešanouōm | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ efšanouōm | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ esšanouōm | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enšanouōm | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eletenšanouōm | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eušanouōm | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ elešan- ouōm, elšan- ouōm |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ aiouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aleouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ aletenouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ale- ouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tm̄ouōm | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄ouōm |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ tiouōm | ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ kouōm | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ teouōm | ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ fouōm | ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ souōm | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tn̄ouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetn̄ouōm | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ seouōm | ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ouōm |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïouōm | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ efouōm | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ esouōm | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ euouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- ouōm |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etiouōm | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etk̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eteouōm, etereouōm | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etf̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ets̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etere- ouōm |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ neïouōm | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nekouōm | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nereouōm | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nefouōm | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nesouōm | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nenouōm | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ netetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ neuouōm | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nere- ouōm |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tinaouōm | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ knaouōm | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tenaouōm | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ fnaouōm | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ snaouōm | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tn̄naouōm | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ tetnaouōm | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ senaouōm | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ naouōm |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïnaouōm | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eknaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ erenaouōm | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ efnaouōm | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ esnaouōm | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ennaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetnaouōm | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ eunaouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- naouōm |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etinaouōm | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etk̄naouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etenaouōm, eterenaouōm | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etf̄naouōm | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ets̄naouōm | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etn̄naouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetnaouōm | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etounaouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ etere- naouōm |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ neïnaouōm | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ neknaouōm | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nerenaouōm | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nefnaouōm | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nesnaouōm | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nennaouōm | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ netetnaouōm | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ neunaouōm | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ nere- naouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ aïouōm | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ akouōm | ⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ aouōm, arouōm, areouōm | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ afouōm | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ asouōm | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ anouōm | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ atetn̄ouōm | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ auouōm | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ a- ouōm |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄piouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pk̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄peouōm, m̄pr̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pf̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄ps̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄petn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pououōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pe- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eaïouōm | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ eakouōm | ⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eaouōm, earouōm, eareouōm | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ eafouōm | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ easouōm | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eanouōm | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eatetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ eauouōm | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ea- ouōm |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄piouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pk̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄peouōm, em̄pr̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pf̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄ps̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄petn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pououōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pe- ouōm |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ entaïouōm, n̄taïouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ entakouōm, n̄takouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ entaouōm, n̄taouōm, entarouōm, n̄tarouōm, entareouōm, n̄tareouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ entafouōm, n̄tafouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ entasouōm, n̄tasouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ entanouōm, n̄tanouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ entatetn̄ouōm, n̄tatetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ entauouōm, n̄tauouōm | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ enta- ouōm, n̄ta- ouōm |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄piouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pk̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄peouōm, etem̄pr̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pf̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄ps̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄petn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pe- ouōm |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ neaïouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ neakouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ neaouōm, nearouōm, neareouōm | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neafouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ neasouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ neanouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ neatetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ neauouōm | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nea- ouōm |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄piouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pk̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄peouōm, nem̄pr̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pf̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄ps̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄petn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pououōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pe- ouōm |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄taïouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄takouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄taouōm, n̄tarouōm, n̄tareouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tafouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tasouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tanouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tatetn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tauouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄ta- ouōm |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patiouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patk̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pateouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patf̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pats̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄patououōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patiouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patk̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pateouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patf̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pats̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄patououōm | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ em̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patiouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patk̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pateouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patf̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pats̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄patououōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etem̄pate- ouōm |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patiouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patk̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pateouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patf̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pats̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄patououōm | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nem̄pate- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šaïouōm | ϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ šakouōm | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šareouōm | ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šafouōm | ϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ šasouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ šanouōm | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šatetn̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šauouōm | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šare- ouōm |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ meïouōm | ⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ mekouōm | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ mereouōm | ⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mefouōm | ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ mesouōm | ⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ menouōm | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ metetn̄ouōm | ⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ meuouōm | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mere- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešaïouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešakouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešareouōm | ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešafouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešasouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešanouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešatetn̄ouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešauouōm | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ešare- ouōm |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeïouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ emekouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ emereouōm | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emefouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emesouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ emenouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emetetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeuouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emere- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešaïouōm, ešaïouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešakouōm, ešakouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešareouōm, ešareouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešafouōm, ešafouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešasouōm, ešasouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešanouōm, ešanouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešatetn̄ouōm, ešatetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešauouōm, ešauouōm | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etešare- ouōm, ešare- ouōm |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeïouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemekouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemereouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemefouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemesouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemenouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemetetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemeuouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etemere- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešaïouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešakouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešareouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešafouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešasouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešanouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešatetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešauouōm | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nešare- ouōm |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemeïouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemekouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemereouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemefouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemesouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemenouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemetetn̄ouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemeuouōm | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ nemere- ouōm |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeïouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ emekouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ emereouōm | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emefouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ emesouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ emenouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emetetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ emeuouōm | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ emere- ouōm |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïeouōm | ⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekeouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ efeouōm | ⲉⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eseouōm | ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eneouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetneouōm | ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ eueouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- ouōm |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄naouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄nekouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄neouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄nefouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄nesouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄nenouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄netn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄neuouōm | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄ne- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ mariouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ marefouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ maresouōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ marn̄ouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ marououōm | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ mare- ouōm |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄traouōm | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄trefouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄tresouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄trenouōm | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄treuouōm | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ m̄pr̄tre- ouōm |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄taouōm, taouōm | ⲛ̄ⲅⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄gouōm, n̄kouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄teouōm | ⲛ̄ϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄fouōm | ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄souōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tetn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄seouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄te- ouōm |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ tariouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarekouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ tareouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarefouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ taresouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarn̄ouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ taretn̄ouōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ tarououōm | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ tare- ouōm |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄teriouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄terekouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tereouōm, n̄tererouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄terefouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄teresouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tern̄ouōm, n̄terenouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄teretn̄ouōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄terououōm | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ n̄tere- ouōm |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantiouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantk̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ šanteouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantf̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šants̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantn̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantetn̄ouōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ šantououōm | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ šante- ouōm |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïšanouōm | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekšanouōm | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eršanouōm, erešanouōm | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ efšanouōm | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ esšanouōm | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enšanouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄šanouōm | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ eušanouōm | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eršan- ouōm |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲱⲙ eïouōm | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ekouōm | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲱⲙ ereouōm | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ efouōm | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ esouōm | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ enouōm | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲙ etetn̄ouōm | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ euouōm | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ere- ouōm |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### Noun

ⲟⲩⲱⲙ • (ouōm) m
* (Sahidic, Bohairic, Fayyumic) the activity of eating food
* (Sahidic, Bohairic, Fayyumic) food
    Synonym: ϭⲓⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ (cinouōm)

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 212