# 基督教
## Chinese

| | | Christ | teach; teaching; religion |
| trad. (基督教/基督敎) | trad. (基督教/基督敎) | 基督 | 教/敎 |
| simp. (基督教) | simp. (基督教) | 基督 | 教 |
* 基督教 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 基督教 (Cantonese)
* 基督教 (Classical)
* 基督教 (Gan)
* Kî-tuk-kau (Hakka)
* Gĭ-dók-gáu (Eastern Min)
* Ki-tok-kàu (Southern Min)
* 基督教 (Wu)

### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 基督教 (Kirisuto-kyō)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Jīdūjiào
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄉㄨ ㄐㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gei$^1$ duk$^1$ gaau$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gei$^1$ uuk$^2$ gau$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Kî-tuk-kau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gi$^1$ dug$^5$ gau$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Gĭ-dók-gáu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Ki-tok-kàu / Ki-tu-kiàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gi$^1$ dog$^4$ ga$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ci-toq-ciau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jīdūjiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄉㄨ ㄐㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jidujiào
*** Wade–Giles: Chi$^1$-tu$^1$-chiao$^4$
*** Yale: Jī-dū-jyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jidujiaw
*** Palladius: Цзидуцзяо (Cziduczjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gei$^1$ duk$^1$ gaau$^3$
*** Yale: gēi dūk gaau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gei$^1$ duk$^7$ gaau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: géi$^1$ dug$^1$ gao$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei̯⁵⁵ tʊk̚⁵ kaːu̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gei$^1$ uuk$^2$ gau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei³³ ɵk̚⁵⁵ kau³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kî-tuk-kau
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi$^ˊ$ dug$^ˋ$ gau
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gi$^1$ dug$^5$ gau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴ tuk̚² kau̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gi$^1$ dug$^5$ gau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʊk̚¹ kau⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Gĭ-dók-gáu
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵⁵⁻²¹ $^{(t-)}$luʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kɑu²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ki-tok-kàu
*** Tâi-lô: Ki-tok-kàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ki'dokkaux
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kau¹¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /ki³³ tɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kau²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kau²¹/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ki-tu-kiàu
*** Tâi-lô: Ki-tu-kiàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ki'du'kiaux
*** IPA (Longyan): /ki³³⁴ tu³³⁴ kiau²¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gi$^1$ dog$^4$ ga$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ki tok kà
*** Sinological IPA : /ki³³⁻²³ tok̚²⁻⁴ ka²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ci-toq-ciau
*** MiniDict: ci$^平$ toh ciau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ji-toq-jiau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ toʔ³³ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/

### Proper noun

基督教
* Christianity
* (in particular) Protestantism
    From: 1997, 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室, 《中国的宗教信仰自由状况》白皮书
    Zhōngguó zōngjiàotú xìnfèng de zhǔyào yǒu fójiào, dàojiào, yīsīlánjiào, tiānzhǔjiào hé jīdūjiào. [Pinyin]
    Religious adherents in China mainly believe in Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism.
    From: 2010, 呂大樂, 《凝聚力量——香港非政府機構發展軌跡》, page 53
    zoi$^6$ 1950, 1960 nin$^4$ doi$^6$, gei$^1$ duk$^1$ gaau$^3$ kap$^6$ tin$^1$ zyu$^2$ gaau$^3$ tyun$^4$ tai$^2$ zik$^1$ gik$^6$ caam$^1$ jyu$^6$ hing$^1$ gin$^3$ ping$^4$ fong$^4$ san$^1$ cyun$^1$ [Jyutping]
    In the 1950s and 1960s, Protestant and Catholic organizations actively participated in constructing cottage villages
    From: 2016, 郭承天, 引言：認識耶穌，贏得基督, in 郭承天 and 周復初 (editors), 《認識耶穌，贏得基督：中國基督教之本土與全球發展》 (Know Jesus, Gain Christ: 2015 Symposium on Local and Global Development of Chinese Christianity), page 10
    Dì shíwǔ piān Lín Jīnghuá de ‘Éluósī dōngzhèngjiào zài Huá chuánbō sānbǎi nián héyǐ shībài: láizì wénxué de shìjiǎo’, shìtú jiěshì wèishénme Éluósī dōngzhèngjiào bǐqǐ tiānzhǔjiào hé jīdūjiào lái Huá héfǎ chuánjiào, shíjiān gèngwéi jiǔyuǎn, què yīzhí méiyǒu xiǎnzhù de chéngzhǎng? [Pinyin]
    Chapter 15, “How the 300-year propagation of Russian Orthodoxy in China failed: From the perspective of literature” by Lin Jinghua, attempts to explain why even though the time Russian Orthodoxy came to China to preach legally compared to Catholicism and Protestantism is longer, it has never been notably growing.

#### Synonyms

* (Christianity): 基督宗教, (historical) 景教 (jǐngjiào), 也里可溫教 (Yělǐkěwēn-jiào)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 基督教 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 基督教 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 基督教 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 基督教 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 基督教 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 基督教 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 基督教 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 奉教, 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 奉教, 基督教 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 基督教 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 基督教 |
* (Protestantism): edit反對教／反对教反羅宗／反罗宗基督新教 (Jīdūxīnjiào)抗羅宗／抗罗宗抗議宗／抗议宗改新教新教 (xīnjiào)更正教誓反教 (shìfǎnjiào)

#### Derived terms

* 去基督教化
* 基督教化
* 基督教徒 (Jīdūjiàotú)

#### See also

* 天主教 (Tiānzhǔjiào) (Catholicism)
* 東正教／东正教 (dōngzhèngjiào) (Eastern Orthodoxy)

### References

* ↑ 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 148

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 基 | 督 | 教 |
| キリスト | キリスト | きょう Grade: 2 |
| Grade: 5 (ateji) | Grade: S (ateji) | きょう Grade: 2 |
| irregular | irregular | goon |

### Etymology

基督 (abbreviation of 基利斯督 (kirisuto), which is ateji (当て字) of キリスト (kirisuto)) + 教 (kyō, “religion”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) キリストきょー [kìrísútókyóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲiɾʲisɨ̥to̞kʲo̞ː]

### Proper noun

基督(キリスト)教(きょう) • (Kirisuto-kyō)
* Obsolete spelling of キリスト教 (“Christianity”).

#### Descendants

* → Chinese: 基督教 (Jīdūjiào)
* → Korean: 기독교 (基督敎, Gidokgyo)
* → Vietnamese: Cơ Đốc giáo (基督敎)
* → Vietnamese: (calque) đạo Cơ Đốc (道基督)

### References
## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 基 | 督 | 教 |

### Noun

基督教 • (gidokgyo) (hangeul 기독교)
* Alternative form of 基督敎 (“Christianity”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 基 | 督 | 教 |

### Proper noun

基督教
* chữ Hán form of Cơ đốc giáo (“Christianity”).