# 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁
## Old Persian
### Etymology

From 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹 (d-a-r-y-t-i-y /⁠dārayatiy⁠/, “to hold, have”) +‎ *vahuš (“good”).

### Proper noun

𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-v-u-š /Dārayavaʰuš/) m
* a male given name, equivalent to English Darius

#### Derived terms

* 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-u-š /⁠Dārayauš⁠/)
* *Dārayahuš

#### Descendants

* Middle Persian: 𐭣𐭠𐭫𐭠𐭡 (dʾlʾḇ /⁠Dārā(y)⁠/), 𐡃𐡀𐡓𐡉𐡅 (Dārayaw), 𐡃𐡀𐡓𐡉𐡍 (Dārāyān)
** Persian: داراب (dârâb), دارا (dârâ)
*** → Arabic: دَارَا (dārā)
** → Old Armenian: Դարա (Dara)
* → Persian: داریوش (Dāryuš) (semi-learned)
* → Akkadian:
** Late Babylonian: 𒅈𒁕𒅀𒀀𒈲 (ar-da-ia-a-muš /⁠Ardayāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-ra-ia-a-muš /⁠Dārayāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒈲 (da-a-ra-ia-muš /⁠Daārayawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-ra-ia-mu-uš /⁠Dārayawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-a-muš /⁠Darawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊏𒈬𒍑 (da-a-ra-mu-uš /⁠Dārawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-ar-ʾ-a-mu-uš /⁠Darʾawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-a-a-muš /⁠Dāreāyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-a-muš /⁠Dāreamuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ʾ-a-muš /⁠Dāreʾawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-a-mu-uš /⁠da-a-re-a-mu-uš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅎𒈲 (da-a-re-em-muš /⁠da-a-re-em-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅎𒍑𒋙 (da-a-re-em-uš-šu₂ /⁠da-a-re-em-uš-šu₂⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-a-muš /⁠da-a-re-ia₂-a-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-muš /⁠da-a-re-ia₂-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒀪𒈲 (da-a-re-ia₂-ʾ-muš /⁠da-a-re-ia₂-ʾ-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂ /⁠da-a-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒐊𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia₂-mu-uš /⁠da-a-re-ia₂-mu-uš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia-a-muš /⁠Dāreyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia-a-mu-uš /⁠Dāreyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒈲 (da-a-re-ia-muš /⁠Dāreyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-ia-mu-uš /⁠Dāreyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒄿𒈲 (da-a-re-i-muš /⁠Dāreywuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒄿𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-i-mu-uš /⁠Dāreywuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈲 (da-a-re-muš /⁠Dārewuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒈲 (da-a-re-ʾ-muš /⁠Dāreʾwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈲𒋙 (da-a-re-muš-šu₂ /⁠Dārewušu⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dārewušu⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-a-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dāreʾwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊑𒈬𒍑 (da-a-re-mu-uš /⁠Dārewuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-ia-a-muš /⁠Daryāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒈲 (da-ar-ia-muš /⁠Daryawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-ar-ia-mu-uš /⁠Daryawuuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒈲 (da-ar-muš /⁠Darwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒈲 (da-ar-ʾ-muš /⁠Darʾwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒈬𒋙 (da-ar-mu-šu₂ /⁠Darwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-ar-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /⁠Darʾwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒊏𒀀𒈲 (da-ar-ra-a-muš /⁠Darāmwš⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒊏𒋙 (da-ar-ra-šu₂ /⁠Darašu⁠/), 𒁕𒅈𒊑𒈲 (da-ar-re-muš /⁠Darewuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒀀𒈲 (da-a-ru-a-muš /⁠Dāruawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒅀𒈲 (da-a-ru-ia-muš /⁠Dāruyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒅀𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-a-ru-ia-mu-uš-šu₂ /⁠Dāruyawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒈬𒋙 (da-a-ru-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dāruwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒀀𒊒𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-a-ru-mu-uš-šu₂ /⁠Dāruwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒁯𒈲 (ᵈᵃdar-muš /⁠Darwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒄷𒀀𒐊𒈲 (da-hu-a-ia₂-muš /⁠Daḫuayawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒀀𒈲 (da-ra-a-muš /⁠Darāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-a-mu-šu₂ /⁠Darāwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒐊𒈲 (da-ra-ia₂-muš /⁠Darayamuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-ra-ia-a-muš /⁠Darayāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-ra-ia-mu-uš /⁠Darayawuš⁠/), 𒁯𒀀𒈲 (dar-a-muš /⁠Darawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒈲 (da-ra-muš /⁠Darawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒀪𒈲 (da-ra-ʾ-muš /⁠Daraʾwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒈲𒋙 (da-ra-muš-šu₂ /⁠Darawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-mu-šu₂ /⁠Darawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊏𒈬𒋙 (da-ra-mu-uš /⁠Darawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒐊𒈲 (da-re-a-ia₂-muš /⁠Dareayawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈨𒌍𒈬šu₂ (da-re-a-meš-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareawešwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈲 (da-re-a-muš /⁠Dareawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-a-ʾ-muš /⁠Dareaʾwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-a-muš /⁠Dareʾawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈲𒋙 (da-re-a-muš-šu₂ /⁠Dareawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-a-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-a-mu-uš /⁠Dareawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅎𒈬𒍑 (da-re-em-mu-uš /⁠Darewuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿 (da-re-i /⁠Darey⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ia-a-muš /⁠Dareyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ia-a-ʾ-muš /⁠Dareyāʾmuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia-a-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareyāwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia-a-mu-uš /⁠Dareyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-ia-a-mu-uš /⁠Dareʾyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ia-ᵐᵘmuš /⁠Dareyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈲 (da-re-ia-muš /⁠Dareyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ia-ʾ-muš /⁠Dareyaʾwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-ia-muš /⁠Dareʾyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareyawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia-mu-uš /⁠Dareyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒅀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-ia-mu-uš /⁠Dareʾyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒈲 (da-re-ia₂-muš /⁠Dareyawuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈲 (da-re-ia₂-a-muš /⁠Dareyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒀀𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ia₂-a-mu-uš /⁠Dareyāwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ia₂-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareyawušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈲 (da-re-i-muš /⁠Dareywuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈬𒋙 (da-re-i-mu-šu₂ /⁠Dareywušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒄿𒈬𒍑 (da-re-i-mu-uš /⁠Dareywuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒀀𒋗 (da-re-mu-a-šu /⁠Darewuašu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒌍 (da-re-mu-eš /⁠Darewueš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒌍𒋙 (da-re-mu-eš-šu₂ /⁠Darewuešu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒈨𒌍 (da-re-ᵐᵘmeš /⁠Darewuweš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ᵐᵘmuš /⁠Darewuwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-ᵐᵘmuš /⁠Dareʾwuwuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈲 (da-re-muš /⁠Darewuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈲 (da-re-ʾ-muš /⁠Dareʾwmuš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒃻 (da-re-mu-ša₂ /⁠Darewuša⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈲𒋙 (da-re-muš-šu₂ /⁠Darewušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈲𒋙 (da-re-ʾ-muš-šu₂ /⁠Dareʾwušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒋙 (da-re-mu-šu₂ /⁠Darewušu⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒋙 (da-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂ /⁠da-re-ʾ-mu-šu₂⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒍑 (da-re-mu-uš /⁠da-re-mu-uš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒀪𒈬𒍑 (da-re-ʾ-mu-uš /⁠da-re-ʾ-mu-uš⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒈬𒍑𒋙 (da-re-mu-uš-šu₂ /⁠da-re-mu-uš-šu₂⁠/), 𒁕𒊑𒍑𒈬𒋙 (da-re-uš-mu-šu₂ /⁠da-re-uš-mu-šu₂⁠/), 𒁯𒐊𒀀𒈲 (dar-ia₂-a-muš /⁠dar-ia₂-a-muš⁠/), 𒁯𒅀𒀀𒈲 (dar-ia-a-muš /⁠dar-ia-a-muš⁠/), 𒁯𒅀𒈲 (dar-ia-muš /⁠dar-ia-muš⁠/), 𒁯𒈲 (dar-muš /⁠dar-muš⁠/), 𒁯𒊏𒀀𒈲 (dar-ra-a-muš /⁠dar-ra-a-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒊒𒈠𒀾𒋙 (da-ru-ma-aš₂-šu₂ /⁠da-ru-ma-aš₂-šu₂⁠/), 𒁕𒊒𒀪𒈲 (da-ru-ʾ-muš /⁠da-ru-ʾ-muš⁠/), 𒁕𒊒𒌑𒈨𒋙 (da-ru-u₂-me-šu₂ /⁠da-ru-u₂-me-šu₂⁠/), 𒁲□𒀪□𒈨𒌍 (di-x-ʾ-x-meš /⁠di-x-ʾ-x-meš⁠/)
* → Aramaic:
    Imperial Aramaic: 𐡃𐡓𐡅𐡔 (drwš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡄𐡔 (drywhš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡄𐡅𐡔 (drywhwš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡔 (drywš)
       Classical Syriac: ܕܪܝܘܫ (dāryāwaš)
* → Egyptian:
** Late Egyptian: (jntjrwšꜣ), (jntjrwywšꜣ), (jntjrwywꜣhwšꜣ), (jntjrwywꜣšꜣ), (jntjrwꜣšꜣ), (jntjsḫtrwsꜣ), (jnṯrwywꜣšꜣ), (jnṯrywšꜣ), (jntꜣrwšꜣ), (ndrwjwṯ), (trwšꜣ), (trwšꜣ), (ṯrwywhšꜣ), (trywšꜣ), (tꜣrwšꜣ), (tꜣrwywšꜣ), (tꜣrwywhšꜣ), (tꜣrwꜣšꜣ), (ṯrywšꜣ)
** → Demotic: tꜣryꜣwš, tꜣrywš, tꜣrywhš, tꜣrywhwš, tꜣrwš, ṯrꜣwš, ṯrywš, trywš, trwyš, ṯrwš
* → Elamite:
** Achaemenid Elamite: 𒆪𒄷𒀀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-hu-a-ma-u-iš /⁠Dahuamauiš⁠/), 𒆪𒊑𒀀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-re-a-ma-u-iš /⁠da-re-a-ma-u-iš⁠/), 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (da-re-ia-ma-u-iš /⁠Dareiamauiš⁠/), 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒌋𒌑𒆜 (da-re-ia-u-u₂-iš /⁠Dareiaūiš⁠/)
* → Hebrew: דריווש (dar'yávesh), דָּרְיָוֶשׁ (dārəyā́weš)
* → Old Armenian: Դարեհ (Dareh)
** → Old Georgian: დარეჰ (dareh)

### References

* Rudiger Schmitt (December 15, 1994) “DARIUS i. The Name”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
* Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch‎ (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 78–80
* Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary]‎ (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 738
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 36
* Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, pages 161–163
* ↑ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavauš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 15-16
* ↑ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavahuš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 50-51
* ↑ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.2.14. Dārayavauš / Dārēvauš”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 51-56
* ↑ , TITUS; Karnamag-i Ardashir-i Pabagan