# 波羅
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bōluó
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bo$^1$ lo$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bōluó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: boluó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^1$-lo$^2$
*** Yale: bwō-lwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boluo
*** Palladius: боло (bolo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$波羅／波罗 菠蘿／菠萝
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bo$^1$ lo$^4$
*** Yale: bō lòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bo$^1$ lo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bo$^1$ lo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: pa la
Rime :
| Character | 波 | 羅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 博禾切 | 魯何切 |
| Baxter | pa | la |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pwa/ | /la/ |
| Li Rong | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /puɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bō | luó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bo$^1$ | lo$^4$ |

### Etymology 1

From the language of the ancient state of Nanzhao, likely derived ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-la (“tiger”). Compare Southern Bai lod (“tiger”), jinl bol lod (“male tiger”), Nuosu ꆿ (lat, “tiger”).

#### Noun

波羅
* (obsolete, chiefly Nanzhao) tiger
    From: Tang dynasty, 趙叔達, 星回節避風臺驃信命賦
    Fǎjià bì xīnghuí, bōluó píyǒng cāi. [Pinyin]
    The king's chariot took shelter [from the wind] when the star returned [a festival in Nanzhao at the end of the year], the tiger and the wild horse in mind.
    From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 4
    Sú wú sīmián bùbó, pī bōluó pí. [Pinyin]
    It was their custom not to use silk or cloth textiles; they draped tiger skins over themselves.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

波羅
* (literary) Short for 波羅蜜／波罗蜜 (bōluómì, “paramita”).
    From: 李贄 (Li Zhi), 得上院信
    Shìshì yóulái bùkě lùn, bōluó rěnrǔ shì xuánmén. [Pinyin]
    The origin of worldly affairs cannot be discussed; paramita and patience is the profound realm.
* Alternative form of 菠蘿／菠萝 (bōluó, “pineapple”)
* (dialectal Mandarin) wooden fish (Buddhist wooden percussion instrument)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 木魚兒, 木郎魚兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 木魚, 木拉魚子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 木魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 摩拉魚子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 摩拉魚子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 木魚兒, 木頭魚兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 木魚兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 木了魚兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 木魚, 木拉魚子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 木魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 木魚兒, 木拉魚兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 木魚兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 木魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 木魚兒, 木魚, 木頜魚子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 木魚子, 摩婁魚子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 木魚, 木魚子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 摩婁魚子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 摩婁魚子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 木拉魚子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 波老魚子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 波魚子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 木魚兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 木魚兒, 木魚子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 木魚兒, 木魚, 波魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 木魚兒, 木魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 木魚兒, 波魚兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 木魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 木魚子, 木魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 木魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 木魚, 木魚子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 木魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 魔魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 木魚兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 木魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 木魚兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 波羅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 木魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 木魚, 波羅 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 木驢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 木魚子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 木魚子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 木魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 木魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 木魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 木魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 木魚, 梆, 木耳 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 木魚 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 駁魚子, 駁魚 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 魚鼓 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嘓仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 嘓鐘仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 木嘓 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 木魚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 木魚 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 木魚 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 木魚, 木魚子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 木魚 |
| Jin | Datong | 木魚兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 木魚子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 木魚 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 木魚 |
| Jin | Linhe | 卜魚子 |
| Jin | Jining | 木魚 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 木魚 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 摩魚子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 木魚兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 木魚子 |
| Jin | Handan | 木魚 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 木魚 |
| Jin | Suide | 木魚兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嗑嗑仔 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 柴嘓, 嘓仔, 木魚 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 柴嘓, 嘓仔, 木魚 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 柴嘓, 嘓仔, 木魚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 嘓 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 木魚, 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 木魚, 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 木魚 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 嘓仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 嘓, 木魚 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 嘓魚 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 柴嘓 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 嘓 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 木魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 木魚 |
| Wu | Danyang | 木魚 |

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Adjective

波羅
* (archaic) melancholy