# 繁殖
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fánzhí
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄓˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^4$ zik$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fàn-chhṳ̍t
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoân-si̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fánzhí
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄓˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fánjhíh
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^2$-chih$^2$
*** Yale: fán-jŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnjyr
*** Palladius: фаньчжи (fanʹčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^4$ zik$^6$
*** Yale: fàahn jihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^4$ dzik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^4$ jig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²¹ t͡sɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàn-chhṳ̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: fan$^ˇ$ ciid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fan$^2$ cid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹ t͡sʰɨt̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân-si̍t
*** Tâi-lô: huân-si̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoansit
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huan²⁴⁻²² sit̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan¹³⁻²² sit̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /huan²⁴⁻²² sit̚²⁴/

### Verb

繁殖
* to breed; to reproduce; to propagate; to multiply

#### Synonyms

* 乳 (rǔ) (literary, or in compounds)
* 增生 (zēngshēng)
* 滋生 (zīshēng)
* 生息 (shēngxī)
* 生殖 (shēngzhí)
* 繁育 (fányù)
* 繁衍 (fányǎn)

#### Related terms

* 培育 (péiyù)
* 生長／生长 (shēngzhǎng)
* 養殖／养殖 (yǎngzhí)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 繁 | 殖 |
| はん Grade: S | しょく Grade: S |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spellings
* 繁殖 (kyūjitai) 蕃殖

### Etymology

繁 is a daiyōji replacing 蕃.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はんしょく [hàńshókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [hã̠ɰ̃ɕo̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

繁(はん)殖(しょく) • (hanshoku)
* breeding, propagation

#### Derived terms

* 繁(はん)殖(しょく)期(き) (hanshokuki)

### Verb

繁(はん)殖(しょく)する • (hanshoku suru) intransitive suru (stem 繁(はん)殖(しょく)し (hanshoku shi), past 繁(はん)殖(しょく)した (hanshoku shita))
* to breed, to propagate, to multiply

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 繁殖し | はんしょくし | hanshoku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 繁殖し | はんしょくし | hanshoku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 繁殖する | はんしょくする | hanshoku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 繁殖する | はんしょくする | hanshoku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 繁殖すれ | はんしょくすれ | hanshoku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 繁殖せよ¹ 繁殖しろ² | はんしょくせよ¹ はんしょくしろ² | hanshoku seyo¹ hanshoku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 繁殖される | はんしょくされる | hanshoku sareru |
| Causative | 繁殖させる 繁殖さす | はんしょくさせる はんしょくさす | hanshoku saseru hanshoku sasu |
| Potential | 繁殖できる | はんしょくできる | hanshoku dekiru |
| Volitional | 繁殖しよう | はんしょくしよう | hanshoku shiyō |
| Negative | 繁殖しない | はんしょくしない | hanshoku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 繁殖せず | はんしょくせず | hanshoku sezu |
| Formal | 繁殖します | はんしょくします | hanshoku shimasu |
| Perfective | 繁殖した | はんしょくした | hanshoku shita |
| Conjunctive | 繁殖して | はんしょくして | hanshoku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 繁殖すれば | はんしょくすれば | hanshoku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### See also

* Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/繁殖

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 繁 | 殖 |

### Noun

繁殖 • (beonsik) (hangeul 번식)
* hanja form of 번식

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 繁 | 殖 |

### Adjective

繁殖
* chữ Hán form of phồn thực (“buxom; busty”).

### Verb

繁殖
* chữ Hán form of phồn thực (“to reproduce; to breed”).