# 打開
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǎkāi
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˇ ㄎㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daa$^2$ hoi$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tá-khôi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǎkāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˇ ㄎㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǎkai
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^3$-kʻai$^1$
*** Yale: dǎ-kāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daakai
*** Palladius: дакай (dakaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daa$^2$ hoi$^1$
*** Yale: dá hōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daa$^2$ hoi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: da$^2$ hoi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /taː³⁵ hɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tá-khôi
*** Hakka Romanization System: da$^ˋ$ koi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: da$^3$ koi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ta³¹ kʰoi̯²⁴/

### Verb

打⫽開 (verb-complement)
* to open (books, drawers, parcels, doors, etc.)
    打開窗戶／打开窗户 ― dǎkāi chuānghù ― to open a window
* to switch on (electronics, appliances, etc)
    打開燈／打开灯 ― dǎkāi dēng ― to turn on a light
* to start up; to open up; to expand; to widen
       Qiúsài yī kāishǐ, tā yǐ yī qiú dǎkāi júmiàn. [Pinyin]
       He hit the ground running with a goal just as the game started.
       Dījià ràng Zhōngguó shāngpǐn zài Àozhōu de shìchǎng dǎkāi júmiàn. [Pinyin]
       The low price of China's goods allows them to break into the Australian market.
       Dú wán zhè běn shū zhēnde lìng wǒ dǎkāi yǎnjiè. [Pinyin]
       Reading this book really widened my horizon.
* (computing) to open

#### Synonyms

* (open): 敞開／敞开 (chǎngkāi); (Hokkien) 獻開／献开

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “open”): 關閉／关闭 (guānbì)

#### Derived terms

* 八字打開／八字打开
* 打開天窗說亮話／打开天窗说亮话 (dǎkāi tiānchuāng shuō liànghuà)
* 打開後門說／打开后门说
* 打開板壁講亮話／打开板壁讲亮话

#### See also

* (Hokkien) 開開／开开 (khui--khui)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 打 | 開 |
| だ Grade: 3 | かい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) だかい [dàkáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [da̠ka̠i]

### Noun

打(だ)開(かい) • (dakai)
* a breakthrough

### Verb

打(だ)開(かい)する • (dakai suru) suru (stem 打(だ)開(かい)し (dakai shi), past 打(だ)開(かい)した (dakai shita))
* to make a breakthrough
    行(い)き詰(づ)まりを打開(だかい)する
       ikizumari o dakaisuru
       to break the deadlock

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 打開し | だかいし | dakai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 打開し | だかいし | dakai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 打開する | だかいする | dakai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 打開する | だかいする | dakai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 打開すれ | だかいすれ | dakai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 打開せよ¹ 打開しろ² | だかいせよ¹ だかいしろ² | dakai seyo¹ dakai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 打開される | だかいされる | dakai sareru |
| Causative | 打開させる 打開さす | だかいさせる だかいさす | dakai saseru dakai sasu |
| Potential | 打開できる | だかいできる | dakai dekiru |
| Volitional | 打開しよう | だかいしよう | dakai shiyō |
| Negative | 打開しない | だかいしない | dakai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 打開せず | だかいせず | dakai sezu |
| Formal | 打開します | だかいします | dakai shimasu |
| Perfective | 打開した | だかいした | dakai shita |
| Conjunctive | 打開して | だかいして | dakai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 打開すれば | だかいすれば | dakai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Derived terms

* 打開策(だかいさく) (dakaisaku)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN