# ⲧⲁⲙⲁ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲧⲁⲙⲟ (tamo) — Sahidic, Akhmimic, Bohairic

### Etymology

Causative of ⲉⲓⲙⲓ (eimi), ⲓⲙⲓ (imi, “to know”)

### Verb

ⲧⲁⲙⲁ • (tama) (nominal state ⲧⲁⲙⲉ- or ⲧⲁⲙⲁ-, pronominal state ⲧⲁⲙⲁ⸗)
* (Fayyumic) to tell, inform

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲧⲁⲙⲁ tama | imperative | affirmative | ⲧⲁⲙⲁ tama |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲧⲁⲙⲁ štemtama | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲡⲉⲗⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltama, peltama |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ titama | ⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ ktama | ⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ tetama | ϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ftama | ⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ stama | ⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ tentama | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ tetentama | ⲥⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ setama | ⲧⲁⲙⲁ tama |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ eitama | ⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ ektama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletama | ⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ eftama | ⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ estama | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ entama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletentama | ⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ eutama | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ele- tama |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ etitama | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ etektama | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etetama | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ eteftama | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etestama | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etetentama | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ etoutama | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ete- tama, etele- tama |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ naitama | ⲛⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ naktama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ naletama | ⲛⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ naftama | ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nastama | ⲛⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nantama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ naletentama | ⲛⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nautama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nale- tama |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ aitama | ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ aktama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletama | ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ aftama | ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ astama | ⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ antama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletentama | ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ autama | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ale- tama |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ tinetama | ⲕⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ knetama | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ tenetama | ϥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ fnetama | ⲥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ snetama | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ tennetama | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ tetennetama | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ senetama | ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ netama |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ einetama | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eknetama | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ elenetama | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ efnetama | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ esnetama | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ennetama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletennetama | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eunetama | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ele- netama |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etinetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eteknetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etenetama | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etefnetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etesnetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etennetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etetennetama | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etounetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etele- netama |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nainetama | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ naknetama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nalenetama | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nafnetama | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nasnetama | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nannetama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ naletennetama | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ naunetama | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nale- netama |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ainetama | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aknetama | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ alenetama | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ afnetama | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ asnetama | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ annetama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletennetama | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aunetama | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ale- netama |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ aitama | ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ aktama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletama | ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ aftama | ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ astama | ⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ antama | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ atetentama | ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ autama | ⲁ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ a- tama |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpitama | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpektama | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpetama | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeftama | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpestama | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpentama | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpetentama | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpoutama | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpe- tama |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ eaitama | ⲉⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ eaktama | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ealetama | ⲉⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ eaftama | ⲉⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ eastama | ⲉⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eantama | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eatetentama | ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ eautama | ⲉⲁ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ea- tama |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ empitama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ empektama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ empetama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ empeftama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ empestama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ empentama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ empetentama | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ empoutama | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ empe- tama |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntaitama | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntaktama | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntaletama | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntaftama | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntastama | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntantama | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etaletentama | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntautama | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nta- tama |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempitama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempektama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempeftama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempestama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempetentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempoutama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempe- tama |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneaitama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneaktama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnealetama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneaftama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneastama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneantama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneatetentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneautama | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnea- tama |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempitama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempektama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempetama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempeftama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempestama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempetentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempoutama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempe- tama |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ aaitama | ⲁⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ aaktama | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aaletama | ⲁⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ aaftama | ⲁⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ aastama | ⲁⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ aantama | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etaletentama | ⲁⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ aautama | ⲁⲁ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ aa- tama |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatitama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatektama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatetama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpateftama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatestama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatentama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatetentama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpatoutama | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpate- tama |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatitama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatektama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatetama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ empateftama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatestama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatentama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatetentama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ empatoutama | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ empate- tama |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatitama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatektama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatetama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempateftama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatestama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatetentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempatoutama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ etempate- tama |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatitama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatektama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatetama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempateftama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatestama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatetentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempatoutama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnempate- tama |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ šaitama | ϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ šaktama | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ šaletama | ϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ šaftama | ϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ šastama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantama | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ šatetentama | ϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ šautama | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ šale- tama |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ meitama | ⲙⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ mektama | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ meletama | ⲙⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ meftama | ⲙⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mestama | ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mentama | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ meletentama | ⲙⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ meutama | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ mele- tama |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešaitama | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešaktama | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešaletama | ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešaftama | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešastama | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešantama | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešatetentama | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešautama | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ešale- tama |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ emeitama | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ emektama | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ emeletama | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ emeftama | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ emestama | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ementama | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ emeletentama | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ emeutama | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ emele- tama |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešaitama, nšaitama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešaktama, nšaktama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešaletama, nšaletama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešaftama, nšaftama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešastama, nšastama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešantama, nšantama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešatetentama, nšatetentama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešautama, nšautama | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ etešale- tama, nšale- tama |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemeitama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemektama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemeletama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemeftama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemestama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etementama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemeletentama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemeutama | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ etemele- tama |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešaitama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešaktama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešaletama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešaftama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešastama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešantama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešatetentama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešautama | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnešale- tama |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemeitama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemektama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemeletama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemeftama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemestama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnementama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemeletentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemeutama | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnemele- tama |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmeitama | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmektama | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmeletama | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmeftama | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmestama | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmentama | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmeletentama | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmeutama | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nmele- tama |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eietama | ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eketama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletama | ⲉϥⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ efetama | ⲉⲥⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ esetama | ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ enetama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletenetama | ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ euetama | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ele- tama |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnatama | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnektama | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnetama | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nneftama | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnestama | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnentama | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnetentama | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nnoutama | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nne- tama |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ malitama | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ maleftama | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ malestama | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ malentama | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ maloutama | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ male- tama |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltritama | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltreftama | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltrestama | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltrentama | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltreutama | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ mpeltre- tama |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲁⲙⲁ tatama, ntatama | ⲛⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ nktama | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntetama | ⲛϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nftama | ⲛⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nstama | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntentama | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntetentama | ⲛⲥⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nsetama | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ nte- tama |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ talitama, ntalitama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ talektama, ntalektama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ taletama, ntaletama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ taleftama, ntaleftama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ talestama, ntalestama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ talentama, ntalentama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ taletentama, ntaletentama | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ taloutama, ntaloutama | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ tale- tama, ntale- tama |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntelitama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntelektama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ nteletama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ nteleftama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntelestama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntelentama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ nteletentama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ nteloutama | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ntele- tama |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantitama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantektama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantetama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ šanteftama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantestama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantentama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantetentama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ šantoutama | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ šante- tama |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eišantama | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ ekšantama | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ elešantama | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ efšantama | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ esšantama | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ enšantama | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eletenšantama | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ eušantama | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ elešan- tama, elšan- tama |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲁ aitama | ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲙⲁ aktama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletama | ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲁ aftama | ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲙⲁ astama | ⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ antama | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲁ aletentama | ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲁ autama | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲁⲙⲁ ale- tama |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |