# ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓ (psallei) — Sahidic

### Etymology

From ⲉⲣ- (er-) +‎ Ancient Greek ψάλλω (psállō).

### Verb

ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ • (erpsalin)
* (Bohairic) to sing psalms

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ erpsalin | imperative | affirmative | ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ erpsalin |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ štemerpsalin | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pererpsalin |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tierpsalin | ⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ kerpsalin | ⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ teerpsalin | ϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ferpsalin | ⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ serpsalin | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tenerpsalin | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tetenerpsalin | ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ seerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ erpsalin |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eierpsalin | ⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ekerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ereerpsalin | ⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eferpsalin | ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eserpsalin | ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ enerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eretenerpsalin | ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ euerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ere- erpsalin |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etekerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eteerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eteferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eteserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etetenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etouerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ete- erpsalin |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naierpsalin | ⲛⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nakerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nareerpsalin | ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naferpsalin | ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naserpsalin | ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nanerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naretenerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nauerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nare- erpsalin |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aierpsalin | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ akerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ areerpsalin | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aferpsalin | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aserpsalin | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ anerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aretenerpsalin | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ auerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ are- erpsalin |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tinaerpsalin | ⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ khnaerpsalin | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ teraerpsalin | ϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ fnaerpsalin | ⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ snaerpsalin | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tennaerpsalin | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tetennaerpsalin | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ senaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naerpsalin |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ einaerpsalin | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ekhnaerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ erenaerpsalin | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ efnaerpsalin | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ esnaerpsalin | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ennaerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eretennaerpsalin | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eunaerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ere- naerpsalin |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etinaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etekhnaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etenaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etefnaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etesnaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etennaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etetennaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etounaerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ete- naerpsalin |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nainaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nakhnaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ narenaerpsalin | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nafnaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nasnaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nannaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naretennaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ naunaerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nare- naerpsalin |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ainaerpsalin | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ akhnaerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ arenaerpsalin | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ afnaerpsalin | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ asnaerpsalin | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ annaerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aretennaerpsalin | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aunaerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ are- naerpsalin |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aierpsalin | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ akerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ areerpsalin | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aferpsalin | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aserpsalin | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ anerpsalin | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ atetenerpsalin | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ auerpsalin | ⲁ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ a- erpsalin |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pierpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pekerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀peerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀peferpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀peserpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀petenerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pouerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pe- erpsalin |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eaierpsalin | ⲉⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eakerpsalin | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eareerpsalin | ⲉⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eaferpsalin | ⲉⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ easerpsalin | ⲉⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eanerpsalin | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eatetenerpsalin | ⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eauerpsalin | ⲉⲁ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ea- erpsalin |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pierpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pekerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀peerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀peferpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀peserpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀penerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀petenerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pouerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pe- erpsalin |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etakerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etareerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etanerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaretenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etauerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eta- erpsalin |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pekerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀peerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀peferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀peserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀penerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀petenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pouerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pe- erpsalin |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neaierpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neakerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neareerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neaferpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neaserpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neanerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neatetenerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ neauerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nea- erpsalin |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀pierpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀pekerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀peerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀peferpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀peserpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀penerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀petenerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀pouerpsalin | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nem̀pe- erpsalin |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etakerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etareerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etanerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etaretenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etauerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eta- erpsalin |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀patierpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀patekerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pateerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pateferpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pateserpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀patenerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀patetenerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀patouerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pate- erpsalin |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀patierpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀patekerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pateerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pateferpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pateserpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀patenerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀patetenerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀patouerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pate- erpsalin |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀patierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀patekerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pateerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pateferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pateserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀patenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀patetenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀patouerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pate- erpsalin |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀patierpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀patekerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pateerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pateferpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pateserpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀patenerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀patetenerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀patouerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pate- erpsalin |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šaierpsalin | ϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šakerpsalin | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šareerpsalin | ϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šaferpsalin | ϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šaserpsalin | ϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šanerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatetenerpsalin | ϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šauerpsalin | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šare- erpsalin |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀paierpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pakerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pareerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀paferpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀paserpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀panerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀paretenerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pauerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀pare- erpsalin |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešaierpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešakerpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešareerpsalin | ⲉϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešaferpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešaserpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešanerpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešatetenerpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešauerpsalin | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ešare- erpsalin |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paierpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pakerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pareerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paferpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paserpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀panerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paretenerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pauerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pare- erpsalin |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšaierpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšakerpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšareerpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšaferpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšaserpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšanerpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšatetenerpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšauerpsalin | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etšare- erpsalin |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀paierpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pakerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pareerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀paferpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀paserpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀panerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀paretenerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pauerpsalin | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ etm̀pare- erpsalin |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našaierpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našakerpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našareerpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našaferpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našaserpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našanerpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našatetenerpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našauerpsalin | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ našare- erpsalin |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀paierpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pakerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pareerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀paferpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀paserpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀panerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀paretenerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pauerpsalin | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ nam̀pare- erpsalin |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paierpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pakerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pareerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paferpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paserpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀panerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀paretenerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pauerpsalin | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ em̀pare- erpsalin |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eieerpsalin | ⲉⲕⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ekeerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ereerpsalin | ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ efeerpsalin | ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eseerpsalin | ⲉⲛⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eneerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ereteneerpsalin | ⲉⲩⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ eueerpsalin | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ere- erpsalin |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹnaerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹnekerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹneerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹneferpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹneserpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹnenerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹnetenerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹnouerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹne- erpsalin |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ marierpsalin | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ mareferpsalin | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ mareserpsalin | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ marenerpsalin | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ marouerpsalin | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ mare- erpsalin |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthrierpsalin | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthreferpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthreserpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthrenerpsalin | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthreuerpsalin | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ m̀penthre- erpsalin |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹtaerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹtekerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹteerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹteferpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹteserpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹtenerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹtetenerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹseerpsalin, ǹtouerpsalin | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ ǹte- erpsalin |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tarierpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tarekerpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tareerpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tareferpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tareserpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tarenerpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ taretenerpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tarouerpsalin | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ tare- erpsalin |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatierpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatekerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šateerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šateferpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šateserpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatenerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatetenerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šatouerpsalin | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ šate- erpsalin |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aišanerpsalin | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ akšanerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ arešanerpsalin | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ afšanerpsalin | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ asšanerpsalin | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ anšanerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aretenšanerpsalin | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aušanerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ arešan- erpsalin |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aierpsalin | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ akerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ areerpsalin | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aferpsalin | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aserpsalin | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ anerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ aretenerpsalin | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ auerpsalin | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲓⲛ are- erpsalin |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |