# 忍耐
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rěnnài
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˇ ㄋㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^2$ noi$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiûn-nai
* Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̄ng-nâi
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lím-nāi / jím-nāi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rěnnài
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˇ ㄋㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rěnnài
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^3$-nai$^4$
*** Yale: rěn-nài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: reennay
*** Palladius: жэньнай (žɛnʹnaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən²¹⁴⁻²¹ naɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^2$ noi$^6$
*** Yale: yán noih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^2$ noi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^2$ noi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn³⁵ nɔːi̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiûn-nai
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiun$^ˊ$ nai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiun$^1$ nai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯un²⁴⁻¹¹ nai̯⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̄ng-nâi
*** Sinological IPA : /yŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ nˡɑi²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lím-nāi
*** Tâi-lô: lím-nāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lymnai
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nãi²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nãi³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nãi⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jím-nāi
*** Tâi-lô: jím-nāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jymnai
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /zim⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nãi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nãi²²/

### Verb

忍耐
* to endure; to bear; to be patient

#### Synonyms

* 克服 (kèfú)
* 包容 (bāoróng)
* 受
* 含 (literary, or in compounds)
* 容忍 (róngrěn)
* 忍 (rěn)
* 忍受 (rěnshòu)
* 打限 (Malaysia, Singapore)
* 消受 (xiāoshòu)
* 耐

#### Derived terms

* 忍耐性

#### See also

* 耐性 (nàixìng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 忍 | 耐 |
| にん Grade: S | たい Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) にんたい [níꜜǹtàì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɲ̟ĩnta̠i]

### Noun

忍(にん)耐(たい) • (nintai)
* patience, perseverance, endurance

#### Synonyms

* 辛抱(しんぼう) (shinbō)
* 我慢(がまん) (gaman)
* 忍辱(にんにく) (ninniku)

#### Antonyms

* 激怒(げきど) (gekido) / 憤怒(ふんど) (fundo): wrath

#### Derived terms

* 忍耐力(にんたいりょく) (nintairyoku)

### Verb

忍(にん)耐(たい)する • (nintai suru) suru (stem 忍(にん)耐(たい)し (nintai shi), past 忍(にん)耐(たい)した (nintai shita))
* to endure, to bear; to persevere

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 忍耐し | にんたいし | nintai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 忍耐し | にんたいし | nintai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 忍耐する | にんたいする | nintai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 忍耐する | にんたいする | nintai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 忍耐すれ | にんたいすれ | nintai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 忍耐せよ¹ 忍耐しろ² | にんたいせよ¹ にんたいしろ² | nintai seyo¹ nintai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 忍耐される | にんたいされる | nintai sareru |
| Causative | 忍耐させる 忍耐さす | にんたいさせる にんたいさす | nintai saseru nintai sasu |
| Potential | 忍耐できる | にんたいできる | nintai dekiru |
| Volitional | 忍耐しよう | にんたいしよう | nintai shiyō |
| Negative | 忍耐しない | にんたいしない | nintai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 忍耐せず | にんたいせず | nintai sezu |
| Formal | 忍耐します | にんたいします | nintai shimasu |
| Perfective | 忍耐した | にんたいした | nintai shita |
| Conjunctive | 忍耐して | にんたいして | nintai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 忍耐すれば | にんたいすれば | nintai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### See also

* 忍耐 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$
* Patience on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 忍 | 耐 |

### Noun

忍耐 • (innae) (hangeul 인내)
* hanja form of 인내 (“patience, perseverance”)