# ὑπερηφανία
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ὑπερηφάνεια (huperēpháneia)

### Etymology

From ὑπερήφανος (huperḗphanos, “overweening, arrogant; showing oneself above others”) +‎ -ίᾰ (-ía, forms feminine abstract nouns) from ῠ̔πέρ (hupér, “over, above”) and φᾱνός (phānós, “appearing, shining, bright, resplendent”) from φαίνω (phaínō, “to appear, show forth, shine”) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰáňňō from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hy.pe.rɛː.pʰaː.ní.a/ → /y.pe.ri.ɸaˈni.a/ → /i.pe.ri.faˈni.a/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hy.pe.rɛː.pʰaː.ní.a/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)y.pe.re̝.pʰaˈni.a/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /y.pe.ri.ɸaˈni.a/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /y.pe.ri.faˈni.a/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /i.pe.ri.faˈni.a/

### Noun

ῠ̔περηφᾱνίᾰ • (huperēphānía) f (genitive ὑπερηφᾱνίᾰς); first declension (Attic, Doric, Aeolic, Koine)
* arrogance, boastfulness, ostentation, pride, vainglory, vanity; haughtiness, superciliousness, disdain and contempt towards or for another person
** Septuagint, Wisdom of Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) 10:13-18
    Ὅτι ἀρχὴ ὑπερηφανίας ἁμαρτία, καὶ ὁ κρατῶν αὐτῆς ἐξομβρήσει βδέλυγμα· διὰ τοῦτο παρεδόξασε Κύριος τὰς ἐπαγωγὰς καὶ κατέστρεψεν εἰς τέλος αὐτούς. Θρόνους ἀρχόντων καθεῖλεν ὁ Κύριος καὶ ἐκάθισε πρᾳεῖς ἀντ’ αὐτῶν. Ῥίζας ἐθνῶν ἐξέτιλεν ὁ Κύριος καὶ ἐφύτευσε ταπεινοὺς ἀντ’ αὐτῶν. Χώρας ἐθνῶν κατέστρεψεν ὁ Κύριος καὶ ἀπώλεσεν αὐτὰς ἕως θεμελίων γῆς. Ἐξήρανεν ἐξ αὐτῶν καὶ ἀπώλεσεν αὐτοὺς καὶ κατέπαυσεν ἀπὸ γῆς τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῶν. Οὐκ ἔκτισται ἀνθρώποις ὑπερηφανία, οὐδὲ ὀργὴ θυμοῦ γεννήμασι γυναικῶν.Hóti arkhḕ huperēphanías hamartía, kaì ho kratôn autês exombrḗsei bdélugma; dià toûto paredóxase Kúrios tàs epagōgàs kaì katéstrepsen eis télos autoús. Thrónous arkhóntōn katheîlen ho Kúrios kaì ekáthise prāieîs ant’ autôn. Rhízas ethnôn exétilen ho Kúrios kaì ephúteuse tapeinoùs ant’ autôn. Khṓras ethnôn katéstrepsen ho Kúrios kaì apṓlesen autàs héōs themelíōn gês. Exḗranen ex autôn kaì apṓlesen autoùs kaì katépausen apò gês tò mnēmósunon autôn. Ouk éktistai anthrṓpois huperēphanía, oudè orgḕ thumoû gennḗmasi gunaikôn.For sin is the origin of arrogance, and he that hath it shall pour out abomination: and therefore the Lord brought upon them strange calamities and hath destroyed them even unto the end. The Lord hath cast down the thrones of proud princes, and hath made the meek to sit in their stead. The Lord hath plucked up the roots of the proud nations and planted the lowly in their place. The Lord subverted the countries of the heathen and hath destroyed them to the foundations of the earth. He hath made of them to wither and destroyed them, and hath made memory of them to cease from the earth. Arrogance was not made for men, nor wrath of fury for them that are born of women.

#### Related terms

* ὑπερήφανος (huperḗphanos, “overweening, arrogant; showing oneself above others”)
* ὑπερφαίνομαι (huperphaínomai, “to show oneself over or above; to be superior”)

#### Descendants

* Greek: υπερηφάνεια (yperifáneia), περηφάνια (perifánia)

### Further reading

* ὑπερηφανία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “ὑπερηφανία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὑπερηφανία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* G5243 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. arrogance idem, page 41.boastfulness idem, page 87.coldness idem, page 142.conceit idem, page 154.contempt idem, page 167.contemptuousness idem, page 167.disdainfulness idem, page 232.frigidity idem, page 346.glorification idem, page 362.haughtiness idem, page 388.imperiousness idem, page 420.loftiness idem, page 497.ostentation idem, page 580.pride idem, page 640.scorn idem, page 740.superciliousness idem, page 838.vainglory idem, page 942.vanity idem, page 943.