# gratinar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French gratiner.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ɡɾə.tiˈna]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ɡɾa.tiˈnaɾ]
* Homophone: gratinà

### Verb

gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, first-person singular preterite gratiní, past participle gratinat)
* (transitive, cooking) to grill

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | gratinant | gratinant | gratinant | gratinant | gratinant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | gratinat | gratinat | gratinada | gratinada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | gratinats | gratinats | gratinades | gratinades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | gratino | gratines | gratina | gratinem | gratineu | gratinen |
| indicative | imperfect | gratinava | gratinaves | gratinava | gratinàvem | gratinàveu | gratinaven |
| indicative | future | gratinaré | gratinaràs | gratinarà | gratinarem | gratinareu | gratinaran |
| indicative | preterite | gratiní | gratinares | gratinà | gratinàrem | gratinàreu | gratinaren |
| indicative | conditional | gratinaria | gratinaries | gratinaria | gratinaríem | gratinaríeu | gratinarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | gratini | gratinis | gratini | gratinem | gratineu | gratinin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gratinés | gratinessis | gratinés | gratinéssim | gratinéssiu | gratinessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | gratina | gratini | gratinem | gratineu | gratinin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no gratinis | no gratini | no gratinem | no gratineu | no gratinin |

### Further reading

* “gratinar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “gratinar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “gratinar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
* “gratinar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

### Anagrams

* garantir, traginar, trigaran

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From French gratiner.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐ.tiˈnaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐ.tiˈnaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐ.tiˈna.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: gra‧ti‧nar

### Verb

gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, first-person singular preterite gratinei, past participle gratinado)
* (transitive, intransitive, cooking) to grill

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### Further reading

* “gratinar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
* “gratinar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
* “gratinar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “gratinar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
* “gratinar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French gratiner.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɾatiˈnaɾ/ [ɡɾa.t̪iˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: gra‧ti‧nar

### Verb

gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, first-person singular preterite gratiné, past participle gratinado)
* (transitive, cooking) to grill, toast

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar | gratinar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | gratinando | gratinando | gratinando | gratinando | gratinando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | gratinado | gratinado | gratinada | gratinada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | gratinados | gratinados | gratinadas | gratinadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | gratino | gratinas$^{tú}$ gratinás$^{vos}$ | gratina | gratinamos | gratináis | gratinan |
| indicative | imperfect | gratinaba | gratinabas | gratinaba | gratinábamos | gratinabais | gratinaban |
| indicative | preterite | gratiné | gratinaste | gratinó | gratinamos | gratinasteis | gratinaron |
| indicative | future | gratinaré | gratinarás | gratinará | gratinaremos | gratinaréis | gratinarán |
| indicative | conditional | gratinaría | gratinarías | gratinaría | gratinaríamos | gratinaríais | gratinarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | gratine | gratines$^{tú}$ gratinés$^{vos2}$ | gratine | gratinemos | gratinéis | gratinen |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | gratinara | gratinaras | gratinara | gratináramos | gratinarais | gratinaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | gratinase | gratinases | gratinase | gratinásemos | gratinaseis | gratinasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | gratinare | gratinares | gratinare | gratináremos | gratinareis | gratinaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | gratina$^{tú}$ gratiná$^{vos}$ | gratine | gratinemos | gratinad | gratinen |
| imperative | negative | | no gratines | no gratine | no gratinemos | no gratinéis | no gratinen |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “gratinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014