# 信任
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xìnrèn
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄖㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seon$^3$ jam$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sin-yim / sin-ngim
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xin$^4$ yim$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): séng-êng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sìn-līm / sìn-jīm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sing$^3$ rim$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$shin-zen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xìnrèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄖㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìnrèn
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^4$-jên$^4$
*** Yale: syìn-rèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinnrenn
*** Palladius: синьжэнь (sinʹžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seon$^3$ jam$^6$
*** Yale: seun yahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soen$^3$ jam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sên$^3$ yem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵn³³ jɐm²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sin-yim / sin-ngim
*** Hakka Romanization System: xin im / xin ngim
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xin$^4$ yim$^4$ / xin$^4$ ngim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sin⁵⁵ im⁵⁵/, /sin⁵⁵ ŋim⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sin-yim / sin-ngim
*** Hakka Romanization System: xin (r)im / xin ngim
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xin$^4$ yim$^4$ / xin$^4$ ngim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sin⁵⁵ (j)im⁵⁵/, /sin⁵⁵ ŋim⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xin$^4$ yim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sin⁵³⁻⁵⁵ im⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: séng-êng
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋɛiŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìn-līm
*** Tâi-lô: sìn-līm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sienlim
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sin²¹⁻⁵³ lim²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sin¹¹⁻⁵³ lim³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìn-jīm
*** Tâi-lô: sìn-jīm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sienjim
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin²¹⁻⁴¹ zim³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zim²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sing$^3$ rim$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sìng jĭm
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zim³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$shin-zen
*** MiniDict: shin$^去$ zen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$xin-zen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin³³ zən⁴⁴/

### Verb

信任
* to trust; to have confidence in
    重建信任 ― chóngjiàn xìnrèn ― to rebuild trust

#### Synonyms

* 信
* 信實／信实 (xìnshí)
* 信據／信据 (xìnjù) (literary, believe and accept as evidence)
* 憑信／凭信 (píngxìn)
* 深信 (shēnxìn) (to firmly believe)
* 相信 (xiāngxìn)
* 置信 (zhìxìn) (chiefly used in the negative)

#### Derived terms

* 信任感 (xìnrèngǎn)
* 信任投票 (xìnrèn tóupiào)

#### Related terms

* 信賴／信赖 (xìnlài)
* 依賴／依赖 (yīlài)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 信任(しんにん) (shinnin)
* → Korean: 신임(信任) (sinim)
* → Vietnamese: tín nhiệm (信任)
Others:
* → Bouyei: xinqrenq
* → Zhuang: saenqnyaemh

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 信 | 任 |
| しん Grade: 4 | にん Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんにん [shìńníń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩɲ̟ːĩɴ]

### Noun

信(しん)任(にん) • (shinnin)
* trust, confidence, credence

### Verb

信(しん)任(にん)する • (shinnin suru) suru (stem 信(しん)任(にん)し (shinnin shi), past 信(しん)任(にん)した (shinnin shita))
* to trust, to confide

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 信任し | しんにんし | shinnin shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 信任し | しんにんし | shinnin shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 信任する | しんにんする | shinnin suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 信任する | しんにんする | shinnin suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 信任すれ | しんにんすれ | shinnin sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 信任せよ¹ 信任しろ² | しんにんせよ¹ しんにんしろ² | shinnin seyo¹ shinnin shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 信任される | しんにんされる | shinnin sareru |
| Causative | 信任させる 信任さす | しんにんさせる しんにんさす | shinnin saseru shinnin sasu |
| Potential | 信任できる | しんにんできる | shinnin dekiru |
| Volitional | 信任しよう | しんにんしよう | shinnin shiyō |
| Negative | 信任しない | しんにんしない | shinnin shinai |
| Negative continuative | 信任せず | しんにんせず | shinnin sezu |
| Formal | 信任します | しんにんします | shinnin shimasu |
| Perfective | 信任した | しんにんした | shinnin shita |
| Conjunctive | 信任して | しんにんして | shinnin shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 信任すれば | しんにんすれば | shinnin sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 信 | 任 |

### Noun

信任 • (sinim) (hangeul 신임)
* hanja form of 신임 (“trust”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 信 | 任 |

### Noun

信任
* chữ Hán form of tín nhiệm (“trust; confidence”).

### Verb

信任
* chữ Hán form of tín nhiệm (“to have confidence in”).