# 立冬
## Chinese

* 立冬 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 立冬 (Cantonese)
* Li̍p-tûng (Hakka)
* Lĭk-dĕ̤ng (Eastern Min)
* Li̍p-tang (Southern Min)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): Lìdōng
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Ni$^2$ dong$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): laap$^6$ dung$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lit$^6$ dung$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Li̍p-tûng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lib$^6$ dung$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lieh$^4$ dung$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): Lì-dóng
* Eastern Min (BUC): Lĭk-dĕ̤ng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Li̍p-tang
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lib$^8$ dang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$liq-ton
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li$^6$ dong$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Lìdōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Lìdong
*** Wade–Giles: Li$^4$-tung$^1$
*** Yale: Lì-dūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Lihdong
*** Palladius: Лидун (Lidun)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: Ni$^2$ dong$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Lidung
*** Sinological IPA : /ni²¹ toŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laap$^6$ dung$^1$
*** Yale: laahp dūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laap$^9$ dung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lab$^6$ dung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːp̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lit$^6$ dung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lit̚⁵ tuŋ⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Li̍p-tûng
*** Hakka Romanization System: lib dung$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lib$^6$ dung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lip̚⁵ tuŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lib$^6$ dung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lip̚⁵ tʊŋ⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lieh$^4$ dung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /liəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ tũŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Lì-dóng
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁴² tɔŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Lĭk-dĕ̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃iʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ tøyŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Li̍p-tang
*** Tâi-lô: Li̍p-tang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: libdafng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lip̚⁴⁻³² taŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lip̚²⁴⁻² taŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lip̚⁴⁻³² taŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lip̚⁴⁻³² taŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lib$^8$ dang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: li̍p tang
*** Sinological IPA : /lip̚⁴⁻² taŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$liq-ton
*** MiniDict: lih$^入$ ton
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$liq-ton
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɪʔ¹¹ toŋ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: li$^6$ dong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /li²⁴ tʊŋ³³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /li²⁴ tən³³/

### Proper noun

立冬
* The first day of winter (one of the solar terms, around the 7th of November)

#### Synonyms

* (Northern Min, Puxian Min, dialectal Wu) 交冬

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 立冬(りっとう) (rittō)
* → Korean: 립동(立冬) (ripdong), 입동(立冬) (ipdong)

### See also

* 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
** Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
** Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
** Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 立 | 冬 |
| りつ > りっ Grade: 1 | とう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) りっとー [rìttóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾʲit̚to̞ː]

### Proper noun

立(りっ)冬(とう) • (Rittō)
* The first day of winter (one of the solar terms)

### See also

* 二(に)十(じゅう)四(し)節(せっ)気(き) (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun), 雨(う)水(すい) (Usui), 啓(けい)蟄(ちつ) (Keichitsu), 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (Shunbun), 清(せい)明(めい) (Seimei), 穀(こく)雨(う) (Kokuu)
** Summer: 立(りっ)夏(か) (Rikka), 小(しょう)満(まん) (Shōman), 芒(ぼう)種(しゅ) (Bōshu), 夏(げ)至(し) (Geshi), 小(しょう)暑(しょ) (Shōsho), 大(たい)暑(しょ) (Taisho)
** Autumn: 立(りっ)秋(しゅう) (Risshū), 処(しょ)暑(しょ) (Shosho), 白(はく)露(ろ) (Hakuro), 秋(しゅう)分(ぶん) (Shūbun), 寒(かん)露(ろ) (Kanro), 霜(そう)降(こう) (Sōkō)
** Winter: 立(りっ)冬(とう) (Rittō), 小(しょう)雪(せつ) (Shōsetsu), 大雪(たいせつ) (Taisetsu), 冬(とう)至(じ) (Tōji), 小(しょう)寒(かん) (Shōkan), 大寒(だいかん) (Daikan)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 立 | 冬 |

### Proper noun

立冬
* chữ Hán form of Lập đông (“The first day of winter (one of the solar terms)”).