# 膘

| 膘 | U+8198, &#33176; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8198 |
| ← 膗 [U+8197] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 膙 → [U+8199] |

## Translingual
### Han character

膘 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月一田火 (BMWF), four-corner 7129$_1$, composition ⿰月票)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 992, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29825
* Dae Jaweon: page 1444, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2106, character 15
* Unihan data for U+8198

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 標 | *pew, *pewʔ |
| 鏢 | *pew, *pʰew |
| 瘭 | *pew |
| 幖 | *pew |
| 熛 | *pew |
| 蔈 | *pew |
| 膘 | *prew, *pʰewʔ, *bewʔ, *spewʔ |
| 褾 | *pewʔ |
| 票 | *pʰew |
| 飄 | *pʰew, *bew |
| 漂 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 螵 | *pʰew, *bew |
| 瞟 | *pʰew, *pʰewʔ |
| 嫖 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 旚 | *pʰew |
| 僄 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 慓 | *pʰew, *pʰews, *bewʔ |
| 彯 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 摽 | *pʰew, *pʰews, *bewʔ |
| 翲 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 嘌 | *pʰew |
| 縹 | *pʰewʔ |
| 醥 | *pʰewʔ |
| 顠 | *pʰewʔ, *bewʔ |
| 篻 | *pʰewʔ, *mbew |
| 剽 | *pʰews, *bew |
| 勡 | *pʰews |
| 薸 | *bew |
| 瓢 | *bew |
| 鰾 | *bewʔ |
| 驃 | *bews |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prew, *pʰewʔ, *bewʔ, *spewʔ) : semantic 肉 (“flesh, meat”) + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biāo (biao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): biu$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): piau / pio
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biao
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$
*** Yale: byāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biau
*** Palladius: бяо (bjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāor
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaor
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: byāur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaul
*** Palladius: бяор (bjaor)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: biu$^1$
*** Yale: bīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: biu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: biu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːu̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau
*** Tâi-lô: piau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piaw
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piau⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pio
*** Tâi-lô: pio
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pioy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pio⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pio³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɤ⁴⁴/
* piau - literary;
* pio - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: bjiewX, phjiewX, tsjewX
Rime :
| Character | 膘 | 膘 | 膘 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 滂 (2) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 宵 (91) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 符少切 | 敷沼切 | 子小切 |
| Baxter | bjiewX | phjiewX | tsjewX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /biᴇu$^X$/ | /pʰiᴇu$^X$/ | /t͡siᴇu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biɛu$^X$/ | /pʰiɛu$^X$/ | /t͡siɛu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bjæu$^X$/ | /pʰjæu$^X$/ | /t͡sjæu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /biaw$^X$/ | /pʰiaw$^X$/ | /t͡siaw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /biɛu$^X$/ | /pʰiɛu$^X$/ | /t͡siɛu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭɛu$^X$/ | /pʰĭɛu$^X$/ | /t͡sĭɛu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱi̯ɛu$^X$/ | /pʰi̯ɛu$^X$/ | /t͡si̯ɛu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | biào | piǎo | jiǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | biu$^6$ | piu$^2$ | ziu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*prew/, /*pʰewʔ/, /*bewʔ/, /*spewʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 膘 | 膘 | 膘 | 膘 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 9748 | 9770 | 9789 | 9792 |
| Phonetic component | 票 | 票 | 票 | 票 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鑣 | 縹 | 摽 | 𠞰 |
| Old Chinese | /*prew/ | /*pʰewʔ/ | /*bewʔ/ | /*spewʔ/ |
| Notes | 臕今字 | | 符由苻校正 | 依詩車攻傳釋文， 或爲𩨴於小切之訛 |

### Definitions

膘
* fat (usually of livestock, derogatory when used of a person)
* (dialectal) to concentrate one's attention on; to fix one's eyes on
* Alternative form of 鰾／鳔 (biào, “fish glue; isinglass”)

### Compounds

* 保膘 (bǎobiāo)
* 抓膘
* 掉膘
* 脂膘
* 膘爾托闊依／膘尔托阔依 (Biāo'ěrtuōkuòyī)
* 蹲膘

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ひょう (hyō)、しょう (shō)
* Kun: あばら (abara)

## Korean
### Hanja

膘 • (pyo) (hangeul 표, revised pyo, McCune–Reischauer p'yo, Yale phyo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

膘: Hán Nôm readings: phiêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Nôm: phèo, phiêu

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999