# 咗

| 咗 | U+5497, &#21655; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5497 |
| ← 咖 [U+5496] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 咘 → [U+5498] |

## Translingual
### Han character

咗 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口大一 (RKM), composition ⿰口左)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 185, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 599, character 4
* Unihan data for U+5497

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 左

### Etymology 1

First attested in 《散語四十章》 (1877) as 唨. This word replaces earlier 嘵／哓 (hiu$^1$) in standard Cantonese.
Probably from 著／着 (Cheung, 1997; Chan, 1998; Fan and Chan, 2022); the pronunciation may be due to influence from Mandarin zhuó (Chan, 1998) or colloquial tonal modification to a high-rising tone (Cheung, 1997).
Chan (1995) proposes that the original character is 𧇣 (MC dzuH, “to go”); others (including Jimmy Pang and Chapman Chan) have similarly proposed 徂 (MC dzu, “to go”) to be the original character. These derivations are phonologically and semantically problematic.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zo$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zo$^2$
*** Yale: jó
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzo$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔː³⁵/

#### Definitions

咗
* (Cantonese) Used to emphasise an action which has been completed and whose result still applies to the present situation. It roughly translates to the past tense in English. [from 19th c.]
       keoi$^5$ dei$^6$ ngaam$^1$ ngaam$^1$ zau$^2$ zo$^2$. [Jyutping]
       They left just now.
       aa$^3$ maa$^1$ cam$^4$ jat$^6$ bou$^1$ zo$^2$ tong$^1$. keoi$^5$ ji$^4$ gaa$^1$ heoi$^3$ zo$^2$ ciu$^1$ kap$^1$ si$^5$ coeng$^4$ maai$^5$ sung$^3$. [Jyutping]
       My mum made soup yesterday. Now, she has gone grocery shopping in the supermarket.
    食咗就冇 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ zo$^2$ zau$^6$ mou$^5$ [Jyutping] ― if you eat it there will not be any more
    From: 1877, 《散語四十章》, chapter 3
    nei$^5$ zi$^1$ keoi$^5$ heoi$^3$ bin$^1$ syu$^3$ m$^4$ ne$^1$ ceot$^1$ zo$^2$ gaai$^1$ heoi$^3$ hiu$^1$ gaai$^1$ [Jyutping]
    Do you know where he is going? He went out, went out
* (Cantonese) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
       zing$^6$ faan$^1$ gam$^3$ do$^1$ sung$^3$, nei$^5$ ting$^1$ jat$^6$ aan$^3$ zau$^3$ sik$^6$ zo$^2$ keoi$^5$ laa$^1$! [Jyutping]
       There's so many food left. You should have them for lunch tomorrow.
       faai$^3$ di$^1$ sik$^6$ zo$^2$ keoi$^5$! [Jyutping]
       Finish eating it, now!

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 矣$_1$ |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 了 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 了 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 了 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 了 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 嘮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 咧 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 了 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 了 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 咧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 了 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 了 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 了 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咗, 嘵 obsolete |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 耗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 好 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 咗, 敲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 哺 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 誒, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 敲 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 好 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 後, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 標 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 都 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 嗮 |
| Cantonese | Nanning (Tanka) | 嗮 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 啊 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 畢 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 開, 了 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 開 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 開 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 開, 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 了, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 了, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 了, 咗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 了 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 了 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 了 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 拋, 阿 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 開 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 開 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 開 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 了 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 開 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 開 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 了 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 了 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咾 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 咾 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 了 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 了 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 了, 𡅏 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 了, 囉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 了 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 了 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 了 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 仔, 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 仔 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 仔 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 得, 了 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 得, 了 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 仔 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爻 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 了 |

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuo (zuo$^5$／zuo$^0$)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄗㄨㄛ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuo
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄗㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuo̊
*** Wade–Giles: tso$^5$
*** Yale: dzwo
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .tzuo
*** Palladius: цзо (czo)
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡z̥u̯ɔ/

#### Definitions

咗
* A chant sound made while working.

##### Compounds

* 嘿咗