# 孖

| 孖 | U+5B56, &#23382; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B56 |
| ← 孕 [U+5B55] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 字 → [U+5B57] |

## Translingual
### Han character

孖 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓木弓木 (NDND), four-corner 1744$_7$, composition ⿰子子)

#### Derived characters

* 𠲚, 孨, 㝈, 𫩼, 𡥨, 𤂇

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 277, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6941
* Dae Jaweon: page 545, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1011, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5B56

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 孜 | *ʔslɯ |
| 仔 | *ʔslɯ, *ʔslɯʔ |
| 孖 | *ʔslɯ, *zlɯs |
| 子 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 虸 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 耔 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 秄 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 杍 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 籽 | *ʔslɯʔ |
| 字 | *zlɯs |
| 茡 | *zlɯs |
| 芓 | *zlɯs |
| 牸 | *zlɯs |
| 李 | *rɯʔ |
Duplication of 子.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zī (zi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zī
*** Zhuyin: ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zih
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^1$
*** Yale: dz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsi, dziH
Rime :
| Character | 孖 | 孖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 子之切 | 疾置切 |
| Baxter | tsi | dziH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨ/ | /d͡zɨ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sɨ/ | /d͡zɨ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sie/ | /d͡zie$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɨ/ | /d͡zɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siə/ | /d͡ziə$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭə/ | /d͡zĭə$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡si/ | /d͡zʱi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zī | zì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯ/, /*zlɯs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 孖 | 孖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 17856 | 17867 |
| Phonetic component | 子 | 子 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 兹 | 字 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔslɯ/ | /*zlɯs/ |

#### Definitions

孖
* twin
* Alternative form of 滋 (zī, “to propagate”)

#### Compounds

* 孖蟲／孖虫

### Etymology 2

Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word, most likely from a Northern Tai language (Li, 1990). Compare Bouyei legwal (“twins”), Thai ฝาแฝด (fǎa, “twins”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mā (ma$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maa$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ma$^1$ / ma$^{1*}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mā
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ma
*** Wade–Giles: ma$^1$
*** Yale: mā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mha
*** Palladius: ма (ma)
*** Sinological IPA : /mä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maa$^1$
*** Yale: mā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ma$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /maː⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^1$ / ma$^{1*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵐba³³/, /ᵐba³³⁻³³⁵/

#### Definitions

孖 (Cantonese)
* twin
    孖女 [Cantonese] ― maa$^1$ neoi$^{5-2}$ [Jyutping] ― twin girls
* conjoined
* Classifier for a pair of linked objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    一孖臘腸／一孖腊肠 [Cantonese] ― jat$^1$ maa$^1$ laap$^6$ coeng$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― a pair of Chinese sausages
* paired up; made into a pair
* (Singapore) double portion (food)
    孖麵／孖面 [Cantonese] ― maa$^1$ min$^6$ [Jyutping] ― double portion of noodles

#### Compounds

* 孖仔
* 孖公仔
* 孖女
* 孖孖頭／孖孖头
* 孖寶／孖宝
* 孖展
* 孖指
* 孖煙囪／孖烟囱
* 孖煙筒／孖烟筒
* 孖煙通／孖烟通
* 孖蒸
* 孖生
* 孖胎
* 孖膶腸／孖𬂀肠
* 孖辮／孖辫
* 孖鋪／孖铺
* 孖頭／孖头
* 孖頭公仔／孖头公仔
* 孖髻
* 打孖
* 打孖鋪／打孖铺
* 黐孖筋

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C02433
* “孖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* twins

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi)、じ (ji)
* Kan-on: し (shi)
* Kun: ふたご (futago, 孖)

## Korean
### Hanja

孖 (eum 자 (ja))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.