# futha
## Xhosa
### Etymology

From the ideophone fu.

### Verb

-futha$^?$
* to hiss (of a snake)

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Verb

-futha
* (transitive) to inflate, to pump up, to blow up
* (intransitive) to throb (pulsate painfully)

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukufutha |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukufutha | ukungafuthi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | futha | -futhe |
| Plural | futhani | -futheni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyafutha, ngifutha | engifuthayo, engifutha | ngifutha | angifuthi | engingafuthi | ngingafuthi |
| 2nd singular | uyafutha, ufutha | ofuthayo, ofutha | ufutha | awufuthi | ongafuthi | ungafuthi |
| 1st plural | siyafutha, sifutha | esifuthayo, esifutha | sifutha | asifuthi | esingafuthi | singafuthi |
| 2nd plural | niyafutha, nifutha | enifuthayo, enifutha | nifutha | anifuthi | eningafuthi | ningafuthi |
| Class 1 | uyafutha, ufutha | ofuthayo, ofutha | efutha | akafuthi | ongafuthi | engafuthi |
| Class 2 | bayafutha, bafutha | abafuthayo, abafutha | befutha | abafuthi | abangafuthi | bengafuthi |
| Class 3 | uyafutha, ufutha | ofuthayo, ofutha | ufutha | awufuthi | ongafuthi | ungafuthi |
| Class 4 | iyafutha, ifutha | efuthayo, efutha | ifutha | ayifuthi | engafuthi | ingafuthi |
| Class 5 | liyafutha, lifutha | elifuthayo, elifutha | lifutha | alifuthi | elingafuthi | lingafuthi |
| Class 6 | ayafutha, afutha | afuthayo, afutha | efutha | awafuthi | angafuthi | engafuthi |
| Class 7 | siyafutha, sifutha | esifuthayo, esifutha | sifutha | asifuthi | esingafuthi | singafuthi |
| Class 8 | ziyafutha, zifutha | ezifuthayo, ezifutha | zifutha | azifuthi | ezingafuthi | zingafuthi |
| Class 9 | iyafutha, ifutha | efuthayo, efutha | ifutha | ayifuthi | engafuthi | ingafuthi |
| Class 10 | ziyafutha, zifutha | ezifuthayo, ezifutha | zifutha | azifuthi | ezingafuthi | zingafuthi |
| Class 11 | luyafutha, lufutha | olufuthayo, olufutha | lufutha | alufuthi | olungafuthi | lungafuthi |
| Class 14 | buyafutha, bufutha | obufuthayo, obufutha | bufutha | abufuthi | obungafuthi | bungafuthi |
| Class 15 | kuyafutha, kufutha | okufuthayo, okufutha | kufutha | akufuthi | okungafuthi | kungafuthi |
| Class 17 | kuyafutha, kufutha | okufuthayo, okufutha | kufutha | akufuthi | okungafuthi | kungafuthi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngifuthile, ngifuthē | engifuthile, engifuthē | ngifuthile, ngifuthē | angifuthanga | engingafuthanga | ngingafuthanga |
| 2nd singular | ufuthile, ufuthē | ofuthile, ofuthē | ufuthile, ufuthē | awufuthanga | ongafuthanga | ungafuthanga |
| 1st plural | sifuthile, sifuthē | esifuthile, esifuthē | sifuthile, sifuthē | asifuthanga | esingafuthanga | singafuthanga |
| 2nd plural | nifuthile, nifuthē | enifuthile, enifuthē | nifuthile, nifuthē | anifuthanga | eningafuthanga | ningafuthanga |
| Class 1 | ufuthile, ufuthē | ofuthile, ofuthē | efuthile, efuthē | akafuthanga | ongafuthanga | engafuthanga |
| Class 2 | bafuthile, bafuthē | abafuthile, abafuthē | befuthile, befuthē | abafuthanga | abangafuthanga | bengafuthanga |
| Class 3 | ufuthile, ufuthē | ofuthile, ofuthē | ufuthile, ufuthē | awufuthanga | ongafuthanga | ungafuthanga |
| Class 4 | ifuthile, ifuthē | efuthile, efuthē | ifuthile, ifuthē | ayifuthanga | engafuthanga | ingafuthanga |
| Class 5 | lifuthile, lifuthē | elifuthile, elifuthē | lifuthile, lifuthē | alifuthanga | elingafuthanga | lingafuthanga |
| Class 6 | afuthile, afuthē | afuthile, afuthē | efuthile, efuthē | awafuthanga | angafuthanga | engafuthanga |
| Class 7 | sifuthile, sifuthē | esifuthile, esifuthē | sifuthile, sifuthē | asifuthanga | esingafuthanga | singafuthanga |
| Class 8 | zifuthile, zifuthē | ezifuthile, ezifuthē | zifuthile, zifuthē | azifuthanga | ezingafuthanga | zingafuthanga |
| Class 9 | ifuthile, ifuthē | efuthile, efuthē | ifuthile, ifuthē | ayifuthanga | engafuthanga | ingafuthanga |
| Class 10 | zifuthile, zifuthē | ezifuthile, ezifuthē | zifuthile, zifuthē | azifuthanga | ezingafuthanga | zingafuthanga |
| Class 11 | lufuthile, lufuthē | olufuthile, olufuthē | lufuthile, lufuthē | alufuthanga | olungafuthanga | lungafuthanga |
| Class 14 | bufuthile, bufuthē | obufuthile, obufuthē | bufuthile, bufuthē | abufuthanga | obungafuthanga | bungafuthanga |
| Class 15 | kufuthile, kufuthē | okufuthile, okufuthē | kufuthile, kufuthē | akufuthanga | okungafuthanga | kungafuthanga |
| Class 17 | kufuthile, kufuthē | okufuthile, okufuthē | kufuthile, kufuthē | akufuthanga | okungafuthanga | kungafuthanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāfutha | engāfutha | ngāfutha | angifuthanga | engingafuthanga | ngingafuthanga |
| 2nd singular | wāfutha | owāfutha | wāfutha | awufuthanga | ongafuthanga | ungafuthanga |
| 1st plural | sāfutha | esāfutha | sāfutha | asifuthanga | esingafuthanga | singafuthanga |
| 2nd plural | nāfutha | enāfutha | nāfutha | anifuthanga | eningafuthanga | ningafuthanga |
| Class 1 | wāfutha | owāfutha | āfutha | akafuthanga | ongafuthanga | engafuthanga |
| Class 2 | bāfutha | abāfutha | bāfutha | abafuthanga | abangafuthanga | bengafuthanga |
| Class 3 | wāfutha | owāfutha | wāfutha | awufuthanga | ongafuthanga | ungafuthanga |
| Class 4 | yāfutha | eyāfutha | yāfutha | ayifuthanga | engafuthanga | ingafuthanga |
| Class 5 | lāfutha | elāfutha | lāfutha | alifuthanga | elingafuthanga | lingafuthanga |
| Class 6 | āfutha | āfutha | āfutha | awafuthanga | angafuthanga | engafuthanga |
| Class 7 | sāfutha | esāfutha | sāfutha | asifuthanga | esingafuthanga | singafuthanga |
| Class 8 | zāfutha | ezāfutha | zāfutha | azifuthanga | ezingafuthanga | zingafuthanga |
| Class 9 | yāfutha | eyāfutha | yāfutha | ayifuthanga | engafuthanga | ingafuthanga |
| Class 10 | zāfutha | ezāfutha | zāfutha | azifuthanga | ezingafuthanga | zingafuthanga |
| Class 11 | lwāfutha | olwāfutha | lwāfutha | alufuthanga | olungafuthanga | lungafuthanga |
| Class 14 | bāfutha | obāfutha | bāfutha | abufuthanga | obungafuthanga | bungafuthanga |
| Class 15 | kwāfutha | okwāfutha | kwāfutha | akufuthanga | okungafuthanga | kungafuthanga |
| Class 17 | kwāfutha | okwāfutha | kwāfutha | akufuthanga | okungafuthanga | kungafuthanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingafutha | — | ngingafutha | ngingefuthe | — | ngingefuthe |
| 2nd singular | ungafutha | — | ungafutha | ungefuthe | — | ungefuthe |
| 1st plural | singafutha | — | singafutha | singefuthe | — | singefuthe |
| 2nd plural | ningafutha | — | ningafutha | ningefuthe | — | ningefuthe |
| Class 1 | angafutha | — | engafutha | angefuthe | — | engefuthe |
| Class 2 | bangafutha | — | bengafutha | bangefuthe | — | bengefuthe |
| Class 3 | ungafutha | — | ungafutha | ungefuthe | — | ungefuthe |
| Class 4 | ingafutha | — | ingafutha | ingefuthe | — | ingefuthe |
| Class 5 | lingafutha | — | lingafutha | lingefuthe | — | lingefuthe |
| Class 6 | angafutha | — | engafutha | angefuthe | — | engefuthe |
| Class 7 | singafutha | — | singafutha | singefuthe | — | singefuthe |
| Class 8 | zingafutha | — | zingafutha | zingefuthe | — | zingefuthe |
| Class 9 | ingafutha | — | ingafutha | ingefuthe | — | ingefuthe |
| Class 10 | zingafutha | — | zingafutha | zingefuthe | — | zingefuthe |
| Class 11 | lungafutha | — | lungafutha | lungefuthe | — | lungefuthe |
| Class 14 | bungafutha | — | bungafutha | bungefuthe | — | bungefuthe |
| Class 15 | kungafutha | — | kungafutha | kungefuthe | — | kungefuthe |
| Class 17 | kungafutha | — | kungafutha | kungefuthe | — | kungefuthe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizofutha | engizofutha | ngizofutha | angizufutha | engingezufutha | ngingezufutha |
| 2nd singular | uzofutha | ozofutha | uzofutha | awuzufutha | ongezufutha | ungezufutha |
| 1st plural | sizofutha | esizofutha | sizofutha | asizufutha | esingezufutha | singezufutha |
| 2nd plural | nizofutha | enizofutha | nizofutha | anizufutha | eningezufutha | ningezufutha |
| Class 1 | uzofutha | ozofutha | ezofutha | akazufutha | ongezufutha | engezufutha |
| Class 2 | bazofutha | abazofutha | bezofutha | abazufutha | abangezufutha | bengezufutha |
| Class 3 | uzofutha | ozofutha | uzofutha | awuzufutha | ongezufutha | ungezufutha |
| Class 4 | izofutha | ezofutha | izofutha | ayizufutha | engezufutha | ingezufutha |
| Class 5 | lizofutha | elizofutha | lizofutha | alizufutha | elingezufutha | lingezufutha |
| Class 6 | azofutha | azofutha | ezofutha | awazufutha | angezufutha | engezufutha |
| Class 7 | sizofutha | esizofutha | sizofutha | asizufutha | esingezufutha | singezufutha |
| Class 8 | zizofutha | ezizofutha | zizofutha | azizufutha | ezingezufutha | zingezufutha |
| Class 9 | izofutha | ezofutha | izofutha | ayizufutha | engezufutha | ingezufutha |
| Class 10 | zizofutha | ezizofutha | zizofutha | azizufutha | ezingezufutha | zingezufutha |
| Class 11 | luzofutha | oluzofutha | luzofutha | aluzufutha | olungezufutha | lungezufutha |
| Class 14 | buzofutha | obuzofutha | buzofutha | abuzufutha | obungezufutha | bungezufutha |
| Class 15 | kuzofutha | okuzofutha | kuzofutha | akuzufutha | okungezufutha | kungezufutha |
| Class 17 | kuzofutha | okuzofutha | kuzofutha | akuzufutha | okungezufutha | kungezufutha |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyofutha | engiyofutha | ngiyofutha | angiyufutha | engingeyufutha | ngingeyufutha |
| 2nd singular | uyofutha | oyofutha | uyofutha | awuyufutha | ongeyufutha | ungeyufutha |
| 1st plural | siyofutha | esiyofutha | siyofutha | asiyufutha | esingeyufutha | singeyufutha |
| 2nd plural | niyofutha | eniyofutha | niyofutha | aniyufutha | eningeyufutha | ningeyufutha |
| Class 1 | uyofutha | oyofutha | eyofutha | akayufutha | ongeyufutha | engeyufutha |
| Class 2 | bayofutha | abayofutha | beyofutha | abayufutha | abangeyufutha | bengeyufutha |
| Class 3 | uyofutha | oyofutha | uyofutha | awuyufutha | ongeyufutha | ungeyufutha |
| Class 4 | iyofutha | eyofutha | iyofutha | ayiyufutha | engeyufutha | ingeyufutha |
| Class 5 | liyofutha | eliyofutha | liyofutha | aliyufutha | elingeyufutha | lingeyufutha |
| Class 6 | ayofutha | ayofutha | eyofutha | awayufutha | angeyufutha | engeyufutha |
| Class 7 | siyofutha | esiyofutha | siyofutha | asiyufutha | esingeyufutha | singeyufutha |
| Class 8 | ziyofutha | eziyofutha | ziyofutha | aziyufutha | ezingeyufutha | zingeyufutha |
| Class 9 | iyofutha | eyofutha | iyofutha | ayiyufutha | engeyufutha | ingeyufutha |
| Class 10 | ziyofutha | eziyofutha | ziyofutha | aziyufutha | ezingeyufutha | zingeyufutha |
| Class 11 | luyofutha | oluyofutha | luyofutha | aluyufutha | olungeyufutha | lungeyufutha |
| Class 14 | buyofutha | obuyofutha | buyofutha | abuyufutha | obungeyufutha | bungeyufutha |
| Class 15 | kuyofutha | okuyofutha | kuyofutha | akuyufutha | okungeyufutha | kungeyufutha |
| Class 17 | kuyofutha | okuyofutha | kuyofutha | akuyufutha | okungeyufutha | kungeyufutha |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngifuthe | ngingafuthi |
| 2nd singular | ufuthe | ungafuthi |
| 1st plural | sifuthe | singafuthi |
| 2nd plural | nifuthe | ningafuthi |
| Class 1 | afuthe | angafuthi |
| Class 2 | bafuthe | bangafuthi |
| Class 3 | ufuthe | ungafuthi |
| Class 4 | ifuthe | ingafuthi |
| Class 5 | lifuthe | lingafuthi |
| Class 6 | afuthe | angafuthi |
| Class 7 | sifuthe | singafuthi |
| Class 8 | zifuthe | zingafuthi |
| Class 9 | ifuthe | ingafuthi |
| Class 10 | zifuthe | zingafuthi |
| Class 11 | lufuthe | lungafuthi |
| Class 14 | bufuthe | bungafuthi |
| Class 15 | kufuthe | kungafuthi |
| Class 17 | kufuthe | kungafuthi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngafutha | ngangafutha, angafutha, angangafutha |
| 2nd singular | wafutha | wangafutha, awafutha, awangafutha |
| 1st plural | safutha | sangafutha, asafutha, asangafutha |
| 2nd plural | nafutha | nangafutha, anafutha, anangafutha |
| Class 1 | wafutha | wangafutha, akafutha, akangafutha |
| Class 2 | bafutha | bangafutha, abafutha, abangafutha |
| Class 3 | wafutha | wangafutha, awafutha, awangafutha |
| Class 4 | yafutha | yangafutha, ayafutha, ayangafutha |
| Class 5 | lafutha | langafutha, alafutha, alangafutha |
| Class 6 | afutha | angafutha, awafutha, awangafutha |
| Class 7 | safutha | sangafutha, asafutha, asangafutha |
| Class 8 | zafutha | zangafutha, azafutha, azangafutha |
| Class 9 | yafutha | yangafutha, ayafutha, ayangafutha |
| Class 10 | zafutha | zangafutha, azafutha, azangafutha |
| Class 11 | lwafutha | lwangafutha, alwafutha, alwangafutha |
| Class 14 | bafutha | bangafutha, abafutha, abangafutha |
| Class 15 | kwafutha | kwangafutha, akwafutha, akwangafutha |
| Class 17 | kwafutha | kwangafutha, akwafutha, akwangafutha |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “futha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “futha (6.3)”