# 家人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiārén
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaa$^1$ jan$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ga$^1$ ngin$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-ngìn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ka-jîn / ka-lîn / kia-gîn
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cia-zen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiārén
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiarén
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^1$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: jyā-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaren
*** Palladius: цзяжэнь (czjažɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$佳人 家人
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: gā yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ga$^1$ ngin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ka³³ ᵑɡin²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: ga$^ˊ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ga$^1$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴ ŋin¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-jîn
*** Tâi-lô: ka-jîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kajiin
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ zin²³/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-lîn
*** Tâi-lô: ka-lîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaliin
*** IPA (Taipei): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lin²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia-gîn
*** Tâi-lô: kia-gîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kia'giin
*** IPA (Longyan): /kia³³⁴ ɡin¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$cia-zen
*** MiniDict: cia$^平$ zen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jia-zen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕia⁵⁵ zən²¹/
* Middle Chinese: kae nyin
Rime :
| Character | 家 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 古牙切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | kae | nyin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠa/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚa/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ka/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨ/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /ka/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ka/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ka/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiā | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaa$^1$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤra ni[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraː njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 家 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiā | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæ › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁra/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ |
| English | household | (other) person |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 家 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 5919 | 10800 |
| Phonetic component | 家 | 人 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嘉 | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraː/ | /*njin/ |

### Noun

家人
* one's family or family members
       Nín jiārén shēntǐ dōu hǎo ma? [Pinyin]
       Is everyone in your family well?
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zhī zǐ yú guī, yí qí jiārén. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Classical) ordinary people; commoner; plebeian; civilian; everyday person; person of humble birth
* (Classical) domestic servant
* 37th hexagram of the I Ching (䷤)

#### Synonyms

* (family members):
* 六親／六亲 (liùqīn)
* 室 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 家室 (jiāshì)
* 家屬／家属 (jiāshǔ)
* 家庭成員／家庭成员 (jiātíng chéngyuán)
* 家裡人／家里人 (jiālǐrén)
* 屋下人 (Hakka)
* 屋企人 (uk$^1$ kei$^2$ jan$^4$) (Cantonese)
* 親人／亲人 (qīnrén)
* 親屬／亲属 (qīnshǔ)
* 親戚／亲戚
* (ordinary people):
* 一般人 (yībānrén)
* 世人 (shìrén)
* 世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
* 人士 (rénshì) (literary)
* 人民 (rénmín)
* 人群 (rénqún)
* 人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
* 俗人 (súrén)
* 俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
* 𫣆人 (Hakka)
* 兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
* 公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
* 凡人 (fánrén)
* 凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
* 匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
* 四眾人／四众人 (si$^3$ zing$^3$ nang$^5$) (Teochew)
* 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
* 大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
* 子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
* 布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
* 常人 (chángrén)
* 平人 (píngrén) (literary)
* 平常人 (píngchángrén)
* 平民 (píngmín)
* 庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
* 庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
* 斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
* 普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
* 民人 (mínrén) (literary)
* 民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
* 烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
* 烝黎 (zhēnglí) (Classical Chinese)
* 白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
* 白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
* 白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
* 白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
* 百姓
* 眾人／众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
* 萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
* 群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
* 老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
* 良人 (liángrén) (literary)
* 草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
* 草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
* 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
* 萌 (literary)
* 野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
* 黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
* 黎民 (límín) (literary)
* 黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
* 黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
* 黔黎 (archaic)
* (domestic servant):
* 使人 (literary)
* 傭人／佣人
* 僕人／仆人 (púrén)
* 僕役／仆役 (púyì)
* 僕隸／仆隶 (púlì) (literary)
* 太保 (tàibǎo) (literary, honorific)
* 奴僕／奴仆 (núpú)
* 奴役 (núyì) (literary)
* 底下人 (dǐxiarén)
* 臣僕／臣仆 (chénpú) (literary)
* 蒼頭／苍头 (cŏng-tàu) (Eastern Min, dated, derogatory)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 家 | 人 |
| け Grade: 2 | にん Grade: 1 |

#### Noun

家(け)人(にん) • (kenin)
* (dated) one's family, (especially) one's wife
* household; family and servants living within a house
* (dated) household servants; retainers living in or frequently entering a noble family's house
* (historical) a social rank just above 奴婢(ぬひ) (nuhi, “servant class”) [7th to 10th century]
* (historical) alternative form of 御家人 (gokenin, “vassal”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 家 | 人 |
| か Grade: 2 | じん Grade: 1 |

#### Noun

家(か)人(じん) • (kajin)
* the family, one's family