# 不忍
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bùrěn
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bat$^1$ jan$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): put-lím / put-jím
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bùrěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bùrěn
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$-jên$^3$
*** Yale: bù-rěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bureen
*** Palladius: бужэнь (bužɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹ ʐən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bat$^1$ jan$^2$
*** Yale: bāt yán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bat$^7$ jan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bed$^1$ yen$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐt̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put-lím
*** Tâi-lô: put-lím
*** Phofsit Daibuun: putliem
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /put̚⁵⁻²⁴ lim⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /put̚³²⁻⁴ lim⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put-jím
*** Tâi-lô: put-jím
*** Phofsit Daibuun: putjiem
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /put̚³²⁻⁴ zim⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /put̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zim⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: pjuw|pjuwX|pjut nyinX
Rime :
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 忍 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 物 (60) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 而軫切 |
| Baxter | pjuw | pjuwX | pjut | nyinX |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨu/ | /pɨu$^X$/ | /pɨut̚/ | /ȵiɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piut̚/ | /ȵin$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piəu/ | /piəu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ȵʑjen$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puw/ | /puw$^X$/ | /put̚/ | /ȵin$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ȵiĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭəu/ | /pĭəu$^X$/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /ȵʑĭĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fōu | fǒu | fu | rěn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fau$^1$ | fau$^2$ | fat$^1$ | jan$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə nə[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ' njɯnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 不 | 忍 | 忍 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bù | rěn | rěn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjuw › | ‹ nyin$^X$ › | ‹ nyin$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*pə/ | /*nə[n]ʔ/ | /*nə[n]ʔ/ |
| English | not | cruel | endure |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 忍 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 10828 |
| Phonetic component | 不 | 不 | 不 | 刃 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 | 物 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 不 | 缶 | 弗 | 忍 |
| Old Chinese | /*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*njɯnʔ/ |
| Notes | | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | |

### Verb

不忍
* cannot bear to

#### Derived terms

* 不忍坐視／不忍坐视 (bùrěnzuòshì)
* 慘不忍睹／惨不忍睹 (cǎnbùrěndǔ)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 不 | 忍 |
| しのばず ||
| Grade: 4 | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||

### Etymology

From 忍(しの)ばず (shinobazu), negative continuative form of the verb 忍(しの)ぶ (shinobu, “to conceal, hide; to endure, bear”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 不忍 (bùrěn).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕino̞ba̠zɨ]

### Proper noun

不忍(しのばず) • (Shinobazu)
* a surname

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 不 | 忍 |

### Adjective

不忍
* chữ Hán form of bất nhẫn.