# 大勢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daai$^6$ sai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-sè / tāi-sì
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàshìh
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^4$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: dà-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahshyh
*** Palladius: даши (daši)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$大事 大勢／大势 大士
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^6$ sai$^3$
*** Yale: daaih sai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^6$ sai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^6$ sei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯²² sɐi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-sè
*** Tâi-lô: tāi-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daixsex
*** IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ se¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ se²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² se⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-sì
*** Tâi-lô: tāi-sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daixsix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ si²¹/

### Noun

大勢
* general trend

#### Derived terms

* 大勢已去／大势已去 (dàshìyǐqù)
* 大勢已定／大势已定
* 大勢所趨／大势所趋 (dàshìsuǒqū)
* 天下大勢／天下大势

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 勢 |
| おお Grade: 1 | ぜい Grade: 5 |
| yutōyomi ||
Likely a shift in reading of taizei below, adopting the native-Japanese kun'yomi of ō for the first character.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おおぜー [òózéꜜè] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) おおぜー [òózéé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [o̞ːze̞ː]
   * The pitch accent pattern is 0 when used as an adverb.

#### Adverb

大(おお)勢(ぜい) • (ōzei)
* in a crowd, as a crowd
    ツーリストが門(もん)の前(まえ)に大(おお)勢(ぜい)集(あつ)まる
       tsūrisuto ga mon no mae ni ōzei atsumaru
       the tourists gather in a crowd in front of the gate

#### Noun

大(おお)勢(ぜい) • (ōzei)
* a crowd, a large number of people
    大(おお)勢(ぜい)の前(まえ)で演(えん)奏(そう)する
       ōzei no mae de ensō suru
       to perform in front of a crowd

##### Derived terms

* 大勢順応(おおぜいじゅんのう) (ōzei junnō)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 勢 |
| たい Grade: 1 | ぜい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
Shift in reading of taisei below. Ultimately from Middle Chinese 大勢 (MC dajH syejH). Uses the kan'yōon of zei for the second character, indicating a shift in pronunciation after borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たいぜー [tàízéꜜè] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) たいぜー [tàízéé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ta̠ize̞ː]

#### Noun

大(たい)勢(ぜい) • (taizei)
* a crowd, a large number of people

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 勢 |
| たい Grade: 1 | せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 大勢 (MC dajH syejH). The kan'on, so likely the reading as borrowed from Chinese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たいせー [tàíséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ta̠ise̞ː]

#### Noun

大(たい)勢(せい) • (taisei)
* the general trend or situation, the zeitgeist, the current of the times
    大(たい)勢(せい)に従(したが)う、大(たい)勢(せい)に逆(さか)らう
       taisei ni shitagau, taisei ni sakarau
       to conform with the trend / go with the flow, to buck the trend / to swim against the current
* a major authority, influence, or power
* (business, stocks) a major swing or trend in prices lasting at least half the year
    see also 中勢 (chūsei, “a medium-term swing or trend in prices”)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN