# 澡

| 澡 | U+6FA1, &#28577; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FA1 |
| ← 澠 [U+6FA0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 澢 → [U+6FA2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

澡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水口口木 (ERRD), four-corner 3619$_4$, composition ⿰氵喿)

#### Derived characters

* 藻, 𮆼, 𤒕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 652, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18379
* Dae Jaweon: page 1062, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1756, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6FA1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 澡
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 藻 | *ʔsaːwʔ |
| 澡 | *ʔslaːwʔ |
| 璪 | *ʔsaːwʔ |
| 繰 | *ʔsaːwʔ, *saːw, *sʰaw |
| 躁 | *ʔsaːws |
| 趮 | *ʔsaːws |
| 操 | *sʰaːw, *sʰaːws |
| 幧 | *sʰaːw, *sʰaw |
| 懆 | *sʰaːwʔ |
| 鄵 | *sʰaːws |
| 鐰 | *zaːw, *sʰaw |
| 臊 | *saːw, *saːws |
| 鱢 | *saːw |
| 燥 | *saːwʔ, *saːws |
| 噪 | *saːws |
| 髞 | *saːws |
| 喿 | *saːws |
| 譟 | *saːws |
| 劋 | *ʔsawʔ, *ʔseːwʔ |
| 橾 | *soːwʔ, *srow |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslaːwʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 喿 (OC *saːws).

### Etymology

Compare Mizo su, sûk (“to wash”), though the vowel in these forms do not correspond well with the Old Chinese form (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zǎo (zao$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zao$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cou$^3$ / zou$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): tau$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zau$^3$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chó̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chó / chó͘ / chò / cháu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cao$^3$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): cao$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zau$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǎo
*** Wade–Giles: tsao$^3$
*** Yale: dzǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzao
*** Palladius: цзао (czao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zao$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sau⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cou$^3$ / zou$^2$
*** Yale: chou / jóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsou$^3$ / dzou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cou$^3$ / zou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰou̯³³/, /t͡sou̯³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: tau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sau²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sau⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chó̤
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó
*** Tâi-lô: tsó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoir
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡so⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɤ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zor
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò
*** Tâi-lô: tsò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡so²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu
*** Tâi-lô: tsáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zao
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sau⁵³/
* chó/chó͘ - literary;
* cháu - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: tsawX
Rime :
| Character | 澡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 子晧切 |
| Baxter | tsawX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡saw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zou$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-tsˤawʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslaːwʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 澡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zǎo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsaw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə-tsˁawʔ/ |
| English | wash (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 澡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16566 |
| Phonetic component | 喿 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 早 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔslaːwʔ/ |

### Definitions

澡
* (literary) to wash one's hands
* to bathe; to wash
    洗澡 ― xǐzǎo ― to take a bath
    澡堂 ― zǎotáng ― bathhouse

### Compounds

* 冷水澡
* 搓澡 (cuōzǎo)
* 擦澡 (cāzǎo)
* 沐澡
* 洗澡 (xǐzǎo)
* 澡刷
* 澡垢索疵
* 澡堂 (zǎotáng)
* 澡堂子 (zǎotángzi)
* 澡塘
* 澡形
* 澡心
* 澡洗
* 澡浴
* 澡溉
* 澡漱
* 澡滌／澡涤
* 澡濯
* 澡瀹
* 澡灑／澡洒
* 澡熨
* 澡瓶
* 澡用
* 澡盆 (zǎopén)
* 澡盤／澡盘
* 澡盥
* 澡祓
* 澡練／澡练
* 澡罐
* 澡蕩／澡荡
* 澡行
* 澡豆
* 澡身
* 澡身浴德
* 澡雪 (zǎoxuě)
* 濯澡
* 灌澡
* 盥澡

### Descendants

* → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ntsæwˣ (“to wash (hands)”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bathe; wash

#### Readings

* Go-on: そう (sō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kun: あらう (arau, 澡う)

## Korean
### Hanja

澡 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

澡: Hán Nôm readings: tảo
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation