# 訾

| 訾 | U+8A3E, &#35390; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A3E |
| ← 訽 [U+8A3D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 訿 → [U+8A3F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

訾 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜心卜一口 (YPYMR), four-corner 2160$_1$, composition ⿱此言)
* badmouth
* criticize
* defects
* a surname

#### Derived characters

* 𢋀, 𤺒, 𧭽

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1153, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35344
* Dae Jaweon: page 1619, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3963, character 11
* Unihan data for U+8A3E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 訾 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 些 | *saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs |
| 跐 | *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ |
| 柴 | *zreː |
| 祡 | *zreː |
| 茈 | *zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze |
| 眦 | *zreːs |
| 砦 | *zraːds |
| 寨 | *zraːds, *slɯːɡ |
| 啙 | *ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ |
| 泚 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ |
| 玼 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze |
| 皉 | *sʰeːʔ |
| 鮆 | *zeːʔ, *ʔse |
| 眥 | *zeːs, *zes |
| 貲 | *ʔse |
| 髭 | *ʔse |
| 頾 | *ʔse |
| 訾 | *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 鴜 | *ʔse, *ze |
| 鈭 | *ʔse, *sʰe |
| 姕 | *ʔse, *sʰe, *ze |
| 觜 | *ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 紫 | *ʔseʔ |
| 訿 | *ʔseʔ |
| 呰 | *ʔseʔ |
| 嘴 | *ʔseʔ |
| 雌 | *sʰe |
| 此 | *sʰeʔ |
| 佌 | *sʰeʔ, *seʔ |
| 庛 | *sʰes |
| 疵 | *ze |
| 骴 | *ze, *zes |
| 胔 | *ze, *zes |
| 飺 | *ze |
| 齜 | *ʔsre |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zǐ (zi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsjeX
Rime :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 將此切 |
| Baxter | tsjeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sie$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-N-tse(j)/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zje › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-N-tse(j)/ |
| English | fault |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 1713 |
| Phonetic component | 此 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 紫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔseʔ/ |

#### Definitions

訾
* to badmouth; criticize; to slander
* defects
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 不訾
* 毀訾／毁訾
* 相訾
* 訾厲／訾厉
* 訾病
* 訾短
* 訾議／訾议
* 訾那
* 諀訾
* 跂訾

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zī (zi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zī
*** Zhuyin: ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zih
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^1$
*** Yale: dz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsje
Rime :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 即移切 |
| Baxter | tsje |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sie/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sǐe/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-N-tse(j)/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔse/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zje › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-N-tse(j)/ |
| English | fault |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 1705 |
| Phonetic component | 此 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 貲 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔse/ |

#### Definitions

訾
* this

#### Compounds

* 不訾
* 哫訾
* 訾黃／訾黄

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cí (ci$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ci$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cí
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^2$
*** Yale: tsź
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
*** Palladius: цы (cy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ci$^4$
*** Yale: chìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsje, tsjeX
Rime :
| Character | 訾 | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 即移切 | 將此切 |
| Baxter | tsje | tsjeX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇ/ | /t͡siᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛ/ | /t͡siɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjɛ/ | /t͡sjɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siə̆/ | /t͡siə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sie/ | /t͡sie$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sǐe/ | /t͡sǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sie̯/ | /t͡sie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zī | zǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ | zi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-N-tse(j)/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔse/, /*ʔseʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zje › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-N-tse(j)/ |
| English | fault |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 訾 | 訾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1705 | 1713 |
| Phonetic component | 此 | 此 |
| Rime group | 支 | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 貲 | 紫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔse/ | /*ʔseʔ/ |

#### Definitions

訾
* Alternative form of 疵 (cī)
** badmouth
** defect

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zū (zu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zou$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zū
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zu
*** Wade–Giles: tsu$^1$
*** Yale: dzū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzu
*** Palladius: цзу (czu)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zou$^1$
*** Yale: jōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sou̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

訾
* a beast name

### References

* “訾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* zi.tools

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bad-mouth
* criticize
* defects

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): し (shi)、じ (ji)、せい (sei)、さい (sai)、そ (so)
* Kun: つとめない (tsutomenai)、そしる (soshiru)

## Korean
### Hanja

訾 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
* bad-mouth
* criticize
* defects

## Vietnamese
### Han character

訾: Hán Việt readings: tử
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* ↑ Trần (2004).