# 灌水
## Chinese

* 灌水

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guànshuǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gun$^3$ seoi$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koàn-chúi
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$kuoe $^5$sy; $^5$kuoe-sy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guànshuǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guànshuěi
*** Wade–Giles: kuan$^4$-shui$^3$
*** Yale: gwàn-shwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guannshoei
*** Palladius: гуаньшуй (guanʹšuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯än⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gun$^3$ seoi$^2$
*** Yale: gun séui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gun$^3$ soey$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gun$^3$ sêu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuːn³³ sɵy̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn-chúi
*** Tâi-lô: kuàn-tsuí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koarnzuie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sui⁴¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$kuoe $^5$sy; $^5$kuoe-sy
*** MiniDict: kuoe$^去$ sy$^去$; kuoe$^去$ sy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$kuoe $^2$sr; $^2$kuoe-sr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kuø⁴⁴ sz̩³⁴/, /kuø³³ sz̩⁴⁴/

### Verb

灌⫽水 (verb-object) (intransitive)
* to irrigate; to water
* to plump (meat)
* (Internet, figurative) to (repeatedly) add meaningless words or phrases to message board posts; to shitpost

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 灌 | 水 |
| かん Hyōgai | すい Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 潅水 (extended shinjitai) かん水

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かんすい [kàńsúí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kã̠ɰ̃sɨi]

### Noun

灌(かん)水(すい) • (kansui)
* sprinkling water

### Verb

灌(かん)水(すい)する • (kansui suru) intransitive suru (stem 灌(かん)水(すい)し (kansui shi), past 灌(かん)水(すい)した (kansui shita))
* to sprinkle water

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 灌水し | かんすいし | kansui shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 灌水し | かんすいし | kansui shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 灌水する | かんすいする | kansui suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 灌水する | かんすいする | kansui suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 灌水すれ | かんすいすれ | kansui sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 灌水せよ¹ 灌水しろ² | かんすいせよ¹ かんすいしろ² | kansui seyo¹ kansui shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 灌水される | かんすいされる | kansui sareru |
| Causative | 灌水させる 灌水さす | かんすいさせる かんすいさす | kansui saseru kansui sasu |
| Potential | 灌水できる | かんすいできる | kansui dekiru |
| Volitional | 灌水しよう | かんすいしよう | kansui shiyō |
| Negative | 灌水しない | かんすいしない | kansui shinai |
| Negative continuative | 灌水せず | かんすいせず | kansui sezu |
| Formal | 灌水します | かんすいします | kansui shimasu |
| Perfective | 灌水した | かんすいした | kansui shita |
| Conjunctive | 灌水して | かんすいして | kansui shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 灌水すれば | かんすいすれば | kansui sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 灌 | 水 |

### Noun

灌水 • (gwansu) (hangeul 관수)
* hanja form of 관수