# क्षेम
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣéma).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kʂeːm/, [kʃẽːm]

### Adjective

क्षेम • (kṣem) (indeclinable)
* habitable
* comfortable, at ease

### Noun

क्षेम • (kṣem) m
* (rare, formal) safety, tranquillity, peace, rest
* an easy or comfortable state, happiness, welfare, prosperity

#### Declension
### References

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “क्षेम”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्षेम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ক্ষেম (Assamese script)
* ᬓ᭄ᬱᬾᬫ (Balinese script)
* ক্ষেম (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰸𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑁆𑀱𑁂𑀫 (Brahmi script)
* က္ၑေမ (Burmese script)
* ક્ષેમ (Gujarati script)
* ਕ੍ਸ਼ੇਮ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍍𑌷𑍇𑌮 (Grantha script)
* ꦏ꧀ꦰꦺꦩ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂵𑂧 (Kaithi script)
* ಕ್ಷೇಮ (Kannada script)
* ក្ឞេម (Khmer script)
* ກ຺ເຩມ (Lao script)
* ക്ഷേമ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᢢᡝᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘹𑘦 (Modi script)
* ᢉᢔᠧᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧚𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐾𑐩 (Newa script)
* କ୍ଷେମ (Odia script)
* ꢒ꣄ꢰꢾꢪ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆼𑆩 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖸𑖦 (Siddham script)
* ක්‍ෂෙම (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩔𑩴 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚶𑚲𑚢 (Takri script)
* க்ஷேம (Tamil script)
* క్షేమ (Telugu script)
* กฺเษม (Thai script)
* ཀྵེ་མ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒹𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨄𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tḱóy-mo-, from the root *tḱey- (“to settle, to live”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *haimaz (“home, village”) (modern English home), Proto-Balto-Slavic *káimas (“settlement, village, countryside”) (Latvian ciems, Lithuanian káimas), Proto-Slavic *sěmь (“cohabitating”, adj.), Proto-Celtic *koimos (“dear”, adj.), and Albanian komb (“community, folk”). The Sanskrit root is क्षि (kṣi, “to dwell”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kʂɐ́j.mɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkʂeː.mɐ/

### Adjective

क्षेम • (kṣéma) stem
* habitable
* residing, abiding at ease

#### Declension
### Noun

क्षेम • (kṣéma) stem, m or n
* safety, tranquillity, peace, rest
* an easy or comfortable state, happiness, welfare, prosperity
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.82.4:युवामिद्युत्सु पृतनासु वह्नयो युवां क्षेमस्य प्रसवे मितज्ञवः । ईशाना वस्व उभयस्य कारव इन्द्रावरुणा सुहवा हवामहे ॥yuvāmidyutsu pṛtanāsu vahnayo yuvāṃ kṣemasya prasave mitajñavaḥ. īśānā vasva ubhayasya kārava indrāvaruṇā suhavā havāmahe.In battels and in frays we ministering priests, kneeling upon our knees for furtherance of our welfare, Invoke you, only you, the Lords of twofold wealth, you prompt to hear, we bards, O Indra-Varuṇa.
* basis, foundation

#### Derived terms

* योगक्षेम (yogakṣema)

#### Related terms

* क्षेषत् (kṣéṣat)
* क्षेत्र (kṣétra)

#### Descendants

* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀔𑁂𑀫 (khema)
* Pali: khema
* → Hindi: क्षेम (kṣem) (learned)
* → Kannada: ಕ್ಷೇಮ (kṣēma)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “क्षेम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 332/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 437