# 類似
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lèisì
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˋ ㄙˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): leoi$^6$ ci$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lūi-sǐr / lūi-sū
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lui$^7$ se$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lèisì
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˋ ㄙˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lèisìh
*** Wade–Giles: lei$^4$-ssŭ$^4$
*** Yale: lèi-sz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leysyh
*** Palladius: лэйсы (lɛjsy)
*** Sinological IPA : /leɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leoi$^6$ ci$^5$
*** Yale: leuih chíh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loey$^6$ tsi$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lêu$^6$ qi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵy̯²² t͡sʰiː¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lūi-sǐr
*** Tâi-lô: luī-sǐr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lui⁴¹⁻²² sɯ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lūi-sū
*** Tâi-lô: luī-sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: luixsu
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lui²²⁻²¹ su²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lui³³⁻¹¹ su³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lui³³⁻²¹ su³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lui$^7$ se$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lūi sṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /lui¹¹ sɯ³⁵/

### Verb

類似
* to be similar (to); to be analogous (to)

#### Synonyms

* 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
* 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
* 接近 (jiējìn)
* 相仿 (xiāngfǎng)
* 相似 (xiāngsì)
* 相像 (xiāngxiàng)
* 相若 (xiāngruò)
* 相近 (xiāngjìn)
* 相類／相类 (xiānglèi)
* 近似 (jìnsì)
* 逼肖 (bīxiào) (literary, to bear a close resemblance to)
* 隨／随 (suí) (Northern Mandarin, of a parent in appearance or disposition)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 類 | 似 |
| るい Grade: 4 | じ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 類似 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) るいじ [rùíjí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾɯ̟iʑi]

### Noun

類(るい)似(じ) • (ruiji)
* similarity, resemblance, the fact of being an analogue; the fact of being similar

### Verb

類(るい)似(じ)する • (ruiji suru) intransitive suru (stem 類(るい)似(じ)し (ruiji shi), past 類(るい)似(じ)した (ruiji shita))
* to resemble, to be alike, to be analogous
    あの二人(ふたり)の顔(かお)は類(るい)似(じ)したところがある
       ano futari no kao wa ruiji shita tokoro ga aru
       Their faces are similar

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 類似し | るいじし | ruiji shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 類似し | るいじし | ruiji shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 類似する | るいじする | ruiji suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 類似する | るいじする | ruiji suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 類似すれ | るいじすれ | ruiji sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 類似せよ¹ 類似しろ² | るいじせよ¹ るいじしろ² | ruiji seyo¹ ruiji shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 類似される | るいじされる | ruiji sareru |
| Causative | 類似させる 類似さす | るいじさせる るいじさす | ruiji saseru ruiji sasu |
| Potential | 類似できる | るいじできる | ruiji dekiru |
| Volitional | 類似しよう | るいじしよう | ruiji shiyō |
| Negative | 類似しない | るいじしない | ruiji shinai |
| Negative continuative | 類似せず | るいじせず | ruiji sezu |
| Formal | 類似します | るいじします | ruiji shimasu |
| Perfective | 類似した | るいじした | ruiji shita |
| Conjunctive | 類似して | るいじして | ruiji shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 類似すれば | るいじすれば | ruiji sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Synonyms

* 似(に)る (niru)
* 似(に)通(かよ)う (nikayou)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 類 | 似 |

### Noun

類似 • (yusa) (hangeul 유사)
* hanja form of 유사 (“similarity”)