# 轂

| 轂 | U+8F42, &#36674; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F42 |
| ← 轁 [U+8F41] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 轃 → [U+8F43] |

## Translingual
### Han character

轂 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 土十竹弓水 (GJHNE), four-corner 4754$_7$, composition ⿹𣪊車)

#### Related characters

* 毂 (Simplified Chinese)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1247, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38479
* Dae Jaweon: page 1725, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2166, character 19
* Unihan data for U+8F42

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 彀 | *koːɡs |
| 鷇 | *kʰoːɡs |
| 瞉 | *kʰoːɡs |
| 豰 | *pɢroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ |
| 瑴 | *kroːɡ, *koːɡ |
| 愨 | *kʰroːɡ |
| 殼 | *kʰroːɡ |
| 觳 | *kʰroːɡ, *ɡoːɡ |
| 嗀 | *qʰroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ |
| 穀 | *kloːɡ |
| 糓 | *kloːɡ |
| 轂 | *kloːɡ |
| 榖 | *kloːɡ |
| 瀔 | *koːɡ |
| 縠 | *ɡloːɡ |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Tocharian B kokale and Tocharian A kukäl (“chariot”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gǔ, gū (gu$^3$, gu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ, ㄍㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): guk$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kuk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gog$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^3$
*** Yale: gǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gū
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gu
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^1$
*** Yale: gū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: guk$^1$
*** Yale: gūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: guk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: gug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok
*** Tâi-lô: kok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kok
*** Sinological IPA : /kok̚²/
* Middle Chinese: kuwk
Rime :
| Character | 轂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古禄切 |
| Baxter | kuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kuk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | guk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kloːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 轂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁok/ |
| English | nave of a wheel |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 轂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7425 |
| Phonetic component | 殻 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 穀 |
| Old Chinese | /*kloːɡ/ |

### Definitions

轂
* hub of a wheel
* wheel
    See also: 轂轆
* chariot; cart

#### Compounds

* 一轂轆／一毂辘
* 並轂／并毂
* 多蒙推轂／多蒙推毂
* 奉轂後車／奉毂后车
* 挽轂／挽毂
* 推輪捧轂／推轮捧毂
* 推轂／推毂
* 捧轂推輪／捧毂推轮
* 摩肩擊轂／摩肩击毂
* 擊轂摩肩／击毂摩肩
* 朱輪華轂／朱轮华毂
* 杠轂
* 綰轂／绾毂
* 肩摩轂擊／肩摩毂击
* 車轂／车毂
* 車轂擊馳／车毂击驰
* 輪轂／轮毂
* 輦轂／辇毂
* 輦轂下／辇毂下 (niǎngǔxià)
* 轂下／毂下
* 轂擊肩摩／毂击肩摩
* 轂轆／毂辘 (gūlu)
* 轂轆兒／毂辘儿
* 轉轂／转毂
* 鈞旋轂轉／钧旋毂转
* 長轂／长毂
* 韋轂／韦毂

#### References

* ↑ Alexander Lubotsky (1998) “Tocharian Loan Words in Old Chinese: Chariots, Chariot Gear, and Town Building”, in The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia, pages 379-390

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こく (koku)
* Kun: こしき (koshiki)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 轂
* こしき Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 轂 – see the following entry. :
| 【こしき】 | [noun] hub (of a wheel) |
(This term, 轂, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

轂 (eum 곡 (gok))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

轂: Hán Nôm readings: cốc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation