# 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kaldaz (“cold”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkalds/

### Adjective

𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 • (kalds)
* cold (having a low temperature)
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 10.42:𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌴 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌻𐌰 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃, 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌽 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃, 𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐌶𐌳𐍉𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹.jah saei gadragkeiþ ainana þizē minnistanē stikla kaldis watins þatainei in namin sipōneis, amēn qiþa izwis, ei ni fraqisteiþ mizdōn seinai.And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward. (KJV).
* cold (of the weather)
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of John (Codex Argenteus) 18.18:𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌷 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌱𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍉𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳 𐍅𐌰𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐌺; 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌼 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌺.þaruh stōþun skalkōs jah andbahtōs haurja waurkjandans, untē kald was, jah warmidēdun sik; jah þan was miþ im paitrus standands jah warmjands sik.And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself. (KJV).

#### Declension

A-stem :
| Strong (indefinite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 kalds | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰 kalda | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳, 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐍄𐌰 kald, kaldata |
| Accusative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰 kaldana | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰 kalda | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳, 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐍄𐌰 kald, kaldata |
| Genitive | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃 kaldis | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 kaldaizōs | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃 kaldis |
| Dative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 kaldamma | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹 kaldai | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 kaldamma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹 kaldai | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐍃 kaldōs | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰 kalda |
| Accusative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 kaldans | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐍃 kaldōs | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰 kalda |
| Genitive | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 kaldaizē | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 kaldaizō | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 kaldaizē |
| Dative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 kaldaim | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 kaldaim | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 kaldaim |
| Weak (definite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰 kalda | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉 kaldō | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉 kaldō |
| Accusative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 kaldan | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽 kaldōn | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉 kaldō |
| Genitive | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 kaldins | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 kaldōns | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 kaldins |
| Dative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐌽 kaldin | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽 kaldōn | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐌽 kaldin |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 kaldans | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 kaldōns | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 kaldōna |
| Accusative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 kaldans | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 kaldōns | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 kaldōna |
| Genitive | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 kaldanē | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍉 kaldōnō | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 kaldanē |
| Dative | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌼 kaldam | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉𐌼 kaldōm | 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌼 kaldam |

#### See also

* 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃 (frius, “cold”)
* 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (warmjan, “to warm, to cherish”)

### References

* ↑ Matthew chapter 10 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
* ↑ John chapter 18 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.

### Further reading

* Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “K3. *kalds”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 214
* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 73