# 糊口
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): húkǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ㄎㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^4$ hau$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: húkǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄎㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: húkǒu
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^2$-kʻou$^3$
*** Yale: hú-kǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwukoou
*** Palladius: хукоу (xukou)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^4$ hau$^2$
*** Yale: wùh háu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^4$ hau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^4$ heo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: hu khuwX
Rime :
| Character | 糊 | 口 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 戸吳切 | 苦后切 |
| Baxter | hu | khuwX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuo/ | /kʰəu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuo/ | /kʰəu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣo/ | /kʰəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɔ/ | /kʰəw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣo/ | /kʰu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣu/ | /kʰəu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuo/ | /kʰə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hú | kǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^4$ | hau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ˤa kʰˤ(r)oʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaː kʰoːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 糊 | 口 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hú | kǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hu › | ‹ khuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.[ɡ]ˁa/ (~ *C.[ɡ]ˁa; no pre-Qín exx.) | /*kʰˁ(r)oʔ/ |
| English | to paste (v.) | mouth |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 糊 | 口 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4251 | 7490 |
| Phonetic component | 古 | 口 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 胡 | 口 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaː/ | /*kʰoːʔ/ |
| Notes | 俗同說文𪏻字， 已見謝承後漢書 | |

### Verb

糊口
* to scrape a meager living; to get by with difficulty; to eke out a livelihood
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Cuò qián zhì jiè, zúyǐ húkǒu; gǔ jiā bō jīng, zúyǐ sì shí rén. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 尋食／寻食 (Hakka)
* 就食 (jiùshí) (literary)
* 度三頓／度三顿 (Xiamen Hokkien, with difficulty, Zhangzhou Hokkien, with difficulty)
* 度喙飽／度喙饱 (Hokkien, with difficulty)
* 度食 (Hokkien)
* 搵食／揾食 (wan$^2$ sik$^6$) (Cantonese)
* 混飯吃／混饭吃 (hùnfànchī) (colloquial)
* 營生／营生 (yíngshēng)
* 糊嘴 (húzuǐ) (dated)
* 討生活／讨生活 (tǎoshēnghuó)
* 討食／讨食
* 謀生／谋生 (móushēng)
* 賺食／赚食 (Hakka, Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 趁食 (Min)
* 過活／过活 (guòhuó)

#### Derived terms

* 養家糊口／养家糊口 (yǎngjiāhúkǒu)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 糊(こ)口(こう) (kokō)
* → Korean: 호구(糊口) (hogu)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 糊 | 口 |
| こ Jinmeiyō | こう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Alternative forms

* 餬口

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ここー [kòkóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ko̞ː]

### Noun

糊(こ)口(こう) • (kokō)
* scraping a meager living

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN