# lobola
## English
### Etymology

From Xhosa lobola, Zulu lobola (“pay dowry”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈləʊbələ/

### Noun

lobola (countable and uncountable, plural lobolas)
* (South Africa) The bride price among certain Bantu peoples of South Africa.
** 1901 June 21, “The Rinderpest Outbreak”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record‎, volume 4, number 8:The cattle of the second kaffir had been obtained from the first kaffir as lobola; all (three) have died from the disease.
** 1948, Alan Paton, chapter 33, in Cry, the Beloved Country‎, New York: Scribner, page 253:Some must give up their ground for trees, and some for pastures. And hardest of all would be the custom of lobola, by which a man pays for his wife in cattle, for people kept too many cattle for this purpose, and counted all their wealth in cattle, so that the grass had no chance to recover.
** 1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage, published 1998, page 38:All the money he'd brought with him had gone into lobola – the dowry for a wife […].
** 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London: Abacus, published 2010, page 213:My sister Baliwe, who was older than Mabel, had been engaged to be married, and lobola had already been paid.

#### Translations
## Afrikaans
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

lobola
* Alternative spelling of lobôla

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-lobóla
* (intransitive) to pay the bride price

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukulobola |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukulobola | ukungaloboli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | lobola | -lobole |
| Plural | lobolani | -loboleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyalobola, ngilobola | engilobolayo, engilobola | ngilobola | angiloboli | engingaloboli | ngingaloboli |
| 2nd singular | uyalobola, ulobola | olobolayo, olobola | ulobola | awuloboli | ongaloboli | ungaloboli |
| 1st plural | siyalobola, silobola | esilobolayo, esilobola | silobola | asiloboli | esingaloboli | singaloboli |
| 2nd plural | niyalobola, nilobola | enilobolayo, enilobola | nilobola | aniloboli | eningaloboli | ningaloboli |
| Class 1 | uyalobola, ulobola | olobolayo, olobola | elobola | akaloboli | ongaloboli | engaloboli |
| Class 2 | bayalobola, balobola | abalobolayo, abalobola | belobola | abaloboli | abangaloboli | bengaloboli |
| Class 3 | uyalobola, ulobola | olobolayo, olobola | ulobola | awuloboli | ongaloboli | ungaloboli |
| Class 4 | iyalobola, ilobola | elobolayo, elobola | ilobola | ayiloboli | engaloboli | ingaloboli |
| Class 5 | liyalobola, lilobola | elilobolayo, elilobola | lilobola | aliloboli | elingaloboli | lingaloboli |
| Class 6 | ayalobola, alobola | alobolayo, alobola | elobola | awaloboli | angaloboli | engaloboli |
| Class 7 | siyalobola, silobola | esilobolayo, esilobola | silobola | asiloboli | esingaloboli | singaloboli |
| Class 8 | ziyalobola, zilobola | ezilobolayo, ezilobola | zilobola | aziloboli | ezingaloboli | zingaloboli |
| Class 9 | iyalobola, ilobola | elobolayo, elobola | ilobola | ayiloboli | engaloboli | ingaloboli |
| Class 10 | ziyalobola, zilobola | ezilobolayo, ezilobola | zilobola | aziloboli | ezingaloboli | zingaloboli |
| Class 11 | luyalobola, lulobola | olulobolayo, olulobola | lulobola | aluloboli | olungaloboli | lungaloboli |
| Class 14 | buyalobola, bulobola | obulobolayo, obulobola | bulobola | abuloboli | obungaloboli | bungaloboli |
| Class 15 | kuyalobola, kulobola | okulobolayo, okulobola | kulobola | akuloboli | okungaloboli | kungaloboli |
| Class 17 | kuyalobola, kulobola | okulobolayo, okulobola | kulobola | akuloboli | okungaloboli | kungaloboli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngilobolile, ngilobolē | engilobolile, engilobolē | ngilobolile, ngilobolē | angilobolanga | engingalobolanga | ngingalobolanga |
| 2nd singular | ulobolile, ulobolē | olobolile, olobolē | ulobolile, ulobolē | awulobolanga | ongalobolanga | ungalobolanga |
| 1st plural | silobolile, silobolē | esilobolile, esilobolē | silobolile, silobolē | asilobolanga | esingalobolanga | singalobolanga |
| 2nd plural | nilobolile, nilobolē | enilobolile, enilobolē | nilobolile, nilobolē | anilobolanga | eningalobolanga | ningalobolanga |
| Class 1 | ulobolile, ulobolē | olobolile, olobolē | elobolile, elobolē | akalobolanga | ongalobolanga | engalobolanga |
| Class 2 | balobolile, balobolē | abalobolile, abalobolē | belobolile, belobolē | abalobolanga | abangalobolanga | bengalobolanga |
| Class 3 | ulobolile, ulobolē | olobolile, olobolē | ulobolile, ulobolē | awulobolanga | ongalobolanga | ungalobolanga |
| Class 4 | ilobolile, ilobolē | elobolile, elobolē | ilobolile, ilobolē | ayilobolanga | engalobolanga | ingalobolanga |
| Class 5 | lilobolile, lilobolē | elilobolile, elilobolē | lilobolile, lilobolē | alilobolanga | elingalobolanga | lingalobolanga |
| Class 6 | alobolile, alobolē | alobolile, alobolē | elobolile, elobolē | awalobolanga | angalobolanga | engalobolanga |
| Class 7 | silobolile, silobolē | esilobolile, esilobolē | silobolile, silobolē | asilobolanga | esingalobolanga | singalobolanga |
| Class 8 | zilobolile, zilobolē | ezilobolile, ezilobolē | zilobolile, zilobolē | azilobolanga | ezingalobolanga | zingalobolanga |
| Class 9 | ilobolile, ilobolē | elobolile, elobolē | ilobolile, ilobolē | ayilobolanga | engalobolanga | ingalobolanga |
| Class 10 | zilobolile, zilobolē | ezilobolile, ezilobolē | zilobolile, zilobolē | azilobolanga | ezingalobolanga | zingalobolanga |
| Class 11 | lulobolile, lulobolē | olulobolile, olulobolē | lulobolile, lulobolē | alulobolanga | olungalobolanga | lungalobolanga |
| Class 14 | bulobolile, bulobolē | obulobolile, obulobolē | bulobolile, bulobolē | abulobolanga | obungalobolanga | bungalobolanga |
| Class 15 | kulobolile, kulobolē | okulobolile, okulobolē | kulobolile, kulobolē | akulobolanga | okungalobolanga | kungalobolanga |
| Class 17 | kulobolile, kulobolē | okulobolile, okulobolē | kulobolile, kulobolē | akulobolanga | okungalobolanga | kungalobolanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngālobola | engālobola | ngālobola | angilobolanga | engingalobolanga | ngingalobolanga |
| 2nd singular | wālobola | owālobola | wālobola | awulobolanga | ongalobolanga | ungalobolanga |
| 1st plural | sālobola | esālobola | sālobola | asilobolanga | esingalobolanga | singalobolanga |
| 2nd plural | nālobola | enālobola | nālobola | anilobolanga | eningalobolanga | ningalobolanga |
| Class 1 | wālobola | owālobola | ālobola | akalobolanga | ongalobolanga | engalobolanga |
| Class 2 | bālobola | abālobola | bālobola | abalobolanga | abangalobolanga | bengalobolanga |
| Class 3 | wālobola | owālobola | wālobola | awulobolanga | ongalobolanga | ungalobolanga |
| Class 4 | yālobola | eyālobola | yālobola | ayilobolanga | engalobolanga | ingalobolanga |
| Class 5 | lālobola | elālobola | lālobola | alilobolanga | elingalobolanga | lingalobolanga |
| Class 6 | ālobola | ālobola | ālobola | awalobolanga | angalobolanga | engalobolanga |
| Class 7 | sālobola | esālobola | sālobola | asilobolanga | esingalobolanga | singalobolanga |
| Class 8 | zālobola | ezālobola | zālobola | azilobolanga | ezingalobolanga | zingalobolanga |
| Class 9 | yālobola | eyālobola | yālobola | ayilobolanga | engalobolanga | ingalobolanga |
| Class 10 | zālobola | ezālobola | zālobola | azilobolanga | ezingalobolanga | zingalobolanga |
| Class 11 | lwālobola | olwālobola | lwālobola | alulobolanga | olungalobolanga | lungalobolanga |
| Class 14 | bālobola | obālobola | bālobola | abulobolanga | obungalobolanga | bungalobolanga |
| Class 15 | kwālobola | okwālobola | kwālobola | akulobolanga | okungalobolanga | kungalobolanga |
| Class 17 | kwālobola | okwālobola | kwālobola | akulobolanga | okungalobolanga | kungalobolanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingalobola | — | ngingalobola | ngingelobole | — | ngingelobole |
| 2nd singular | ungalobola | — | ungalobola | ungelobole | — | ungelobole |
| 1st plural | singalobola | — | singalobola | singelobole | — | singelobole |
| 2nd plural | ningalobola | — | ningalobola | ningelobole | — | ningelobole |
| Class 1 | angalobola | — | engalobola | angelobole | — | engelobole |
| Class 2 | bangalobola | — | bengalobola | bangelobole | — | bengelobole |
| Class 3 | ungalobola | — | ungalobola | ungelobole | — | ungelobole |
| Class 4 | ingalobola | — | ingalobola | ingelobole | — | ingelobole |
| Class 5 | lingalobola | — | lingalobola | lingelobole | — | lingelobole |
| Class 6 | angalobola | — | engalobola | angelobole | — | engelobole |
| Class 7 | singalobola | — | singalobola | singelobole | — | singelobole |
| Class 8 | zingalobola | — | zingalobola | zingelobole | — | zingelobole |
| Class 9 | ingalobola | — | ingalobola | ingelobole | — | ingelobole |
| Class 10 | zingalobola | — | zingalobola | zingelobole | — | zingelobole |
| Class 11 | lungalobola | — | lungalobola | lungelobole | — | lungelobole |
| Class 14 | bungalobola | — | bungalobola | bungelobole | — | bungelobole |
| Class 15 | kungalobola | — | kungalobola | kungelobole | — | kungelobole |
| Class 17 | kungalobola | — | kungalobola | kungelobole | — | kungelobole |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizolobola | engizolobola | ngizolobola | angizulobola | engingezulobola | ngingezulobola |
| 2nd singular | uzolobola | ozolobola | uzolobola | awuzulobola | ongezulobola | ungezulobola |
| 1st plural | sizolobola | esizolobola | sizolobola | asizulobola | esingezulobola | singezulobola |
| 2nd plural | nizolobola | enizolobola | nizolobola | anizulobola | eningezulobola | ningezulobola |
| Class 1 | uzolobola | ozolobola | ezolobola | akazulobola | ongezulobola | engezulobola |
| Class 2 | bazolobola | abazolobola | bezolobola | abazulobola | abangezulobola | bengezulobola |
| Class 3 | uzolobola | ozolobola | uzolobola | awuzulobola | ongezulobola | ungezulobola |
| Class 4 | izolobola | ezolobola | izolobola | ayizulobola | engezulobola | ingezulobola |
| Class 5 | lizolobola | elizolobola | lizolobola | alizulobola | elingezulobola | lingezulobola |
| Class 6 | azolobola | azolobola | ezolobola | awazulobola | angezulobola | engezulobola |
| Class 7 | sizolobola | esizolobola | sizolobola | asizulobola | esingezulobola | singezulobola |
| Class 8 | zizolobola | ezizolobola | zizolobola | azizulobola | ezingezulobola | zingezulobola |
| Class 9 | izolobola | ezolobola | izolobola | ayizulobola | engezulobola | ingezulobola |
| Class 10 | zizolobola | ezizolobola | zizolobola | azizulobola | ezingezulobola | zingezulobola |
| Class 11 | luzolobola | oluzolobola | luzolobola | aluzulobola | olungezulobola | lungezulobola |
| Class 14 | buzolobola | obuzolobola | buzolobola | abuzulobola | obungezulobola | bungezulobola |
| Class 15 | kuzolobola | okuzolobola | kuzolobola | akuzulobola | okungezulobola | kungezulobola |
| Class 17 | kuzolobola | okuzolobola | kuzolobola | akuzulobola | okungezulobola | kungezulobola |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyolobola | engiyolobola | ngiyolobola | angiyulobola | engingeyulobola | ngingeyulobola |
| 2nd singular | uyolobola | oyolobola | uyolobola | awuyulobola | ongeyulobola | ungeyulobola |
| 1st plural | siyolobola | esiyolobola | siyolobola | asiyulobola | esingeyulobola | singeyulobola |
| 2nd plural | niyolobola | eniyolobola | niyolobola | aniyulobola | eningeyulobola | ningeyulobola |
| Class 1 | uyolobola | oyolobola | eyolobola | akayulobola | ongeyulobola | engeyulobola |
| Class 2 | bayolobola | abayolobola | beyolobola | abayulobola | abangeyulobola | bengeyulobola |
| Class 3 | uyolobola | oyolobola | uyolobola | awuyulobola | ongeyulobola | ungeyulobola |
| Class 4 | iyolobola | eyolobola | iyolobola | ayiyulobola | engeyulobola | ingeyulobola |
| Class 5 | liyolobola | eliyolobola | liyolobola | aliyulobola | elingeyulobola | lingeyulobola |
| Class 6 | ayolobola | ayolobola | eyolobola | awayulobola | angeyulobola | engeyulobola |
| Class 7 | siyolobola | esiyolobola | siyolobola | asiyulobola | esingeyulobola | singeyulobola |
| Class 8 | ziyolobola | eziyolobola | ziyolobola | aziyulobola | ezingeyulobola | zingeyulobola |
| Class 9 | iyolobola | eyolobola | iyolobola | ayiyulobola | engeyulobola | ingeyulobola |
| Class 10 | ziyolobola | eziyolobola | ziyolobola | aziyulobola | ezingeyulobola | zingeyulobola |
| Class 11 | luyolobola | oluyolobola | luyolobola | aluyulobola | olungeyulobola | lungeyulobola |
| Class 14 | buyolobola | obuyolobola | buyolobola | abuyulobola | obungeyulobola | bungeyulobola |
| Class 15 | kuyolobola | okuyolobola | kuyolobola | akuyulobola | okungeyulobola | kungeyulobola |
| Class 17 | kuyolobola | okuyolobola | kuyolobola | akuyulobola | okungeyulobola | kungeyulobola |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngilobole | ngingaloboli |
| 2nd singular | ulobole | ungaloboli |
| 1st plural | silobole | singaloboli |
| 2nd plural | nilobole | ningaloboli |
| Class 1 | alobole | angaloboli |
| Class 2 | balobole | bangaloboli |
| Class 3 | ulobole | ungaloboli |
| Class 4 | ilobole | ingaloboli |
| Class 5 | lilobole | lingaloboli |
| Class 6 | alobole | angaloboli |
| Class 7 | silobole | singaloboli |
| Class 8 | zilobole | zingaloboli |
| Class 9 | ilobole | ingaloboli |
| Class 10 | zilobole | zingaloboli |
| Class 11 | lulobole | lungaloboli |
| Class 14 | bulobole | bungaloboli |
| Class 15 | kulobole | kungaloboli |
| Class 17 | kulobole | kungaloboli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngalobola | ngangalobola, angalobola, angangalobola |
| 2nd singular | walobola | wangalobola, awalobola, awangalobola |
| 1st plural | salobola | sangalobola, asalobola, asangalobola |
| 2nd plural | nalobola | nangalobola, analobola, anangalobola |
| Class 1 | walobola | wangalobola, akalobola, akangalobola |
| Class 2 | balobola | bangalobola, abalobola, abangalobola |
| Class 3 | walobola | wangalobola, awalobola, awangalobola |
| Class 4 | yalobola | yangalobola, ayalobola, ayangalobola |
| Class 5 | lalobola | langalobola, alalobola, alangalobola |
| Class 6 | alobola | angalobola, awalobola, awangalobola |
| Class 7 | salobola | sangalobola, asalobola, asangalobola |
| Class 8 | zalobola | zangalobola, azalobola, azangalobola |
| Class 9 | yalobola | yangalobola, ayalobola, ayangalobola |
| Class 10 | zalobola | zangalobola, azalobola, azangalobola |
| Class 11 | lwalobola | lwangalobola, alwalobola, alwangalobola |
| Class 14 | balobola | bangalobola, abalobola, abangalobola |
| Class 15 | kwalobola | kwangalobola, akwalobola, akwangalobola |
| Class 17 | kwalobola | kwangalobola, akwalobola, akwangalobola |

#### Derived terms

* ilobolo

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “loɓola”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “loɓola (3.2.9)”