# spodrs
## Latvian
### Etymology

From the same source as spīdēt (“to shine”) (q.v.): a stem *spīd-, probably borrowed from Iranian, nasalized in Baltic to *spīnd-; its ablaut alternants *spend-, *spand- yielded *spuod-, hence dialectal spods and, with an extra r, standard spodrs. (From a yo-stem variant came Latvian spožs (“bright”), q.v.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [spuôdɾs]
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### Adjective

spodrs (definite spodrais, comparative spodrāks, superlative visspodrākais, adverb spodri)
* shiny, lustrous, glossy, bright (such that its surface, because of smoothness, color or cleanness, reflects light well)
    spodras logu rūtis ― shiny window panes
    spodras palodzes ― shiny, lustrous windowsills
    spodrs papīrs ― glossy paper
    spodras tapetes ― glossy wallpaper
    ar eļļas krāsu krāsotas grīdas pēc nomazgāšanas var pārklāt ar caurspīdīgu laku; tāda grīda ir ļoti spodra ― floors painted with oil paint can be covered with transparent lacquer after washing; such floor(s) are very shiny
* perfectly, spotlessly clean
    spodra veļa ― spotless linen
    spodra virtuve ― spotless kitchen
    spodrs krekls ― spotless shirt
    spodri trauki ― spotless dishes
    uz vadža karājas spodrs dvielis, bļodā ieliets ūdens ― on the pegs a clean towel was hanging, in the basin water had been poured
* cleanly, tidily, smartly dressed
    pēc skata vīrs rādījās aprūpēts un apkopts, spodrs un kārtīgs ― externally, the man looked well groomed and well kept, clean and tidy
* (figuratively) shining; which corresponds to high expectations
    bet vai spodru tautas tikumu, / veidojies kas ilgi cilšu ciltīs, / tikpat viegli pārkāpt, atmest var? ― but can one so easily disrespect or even abandon the shining folk traditions, / which formed themselves during a long time, in tribes of tribes (= among the tribes)?
* (of lights, light sources; also eyes) relatively bright
    auksta un nežēlīgi spodra ir mēnesnīca; viss apklusis un aizsnidzis ― cold and cruelly bright is the moonlight; everything (was) silent and covered with snow
    tēvs raudzījās klusi tai pašā vientuļajā zvaigznīte, kas ar katru acumirkli kļuva spodrāka un spožāka ― father looked silently at that same solitary little star that, with every passing moment, became lighter and brighter
    viņa pasmaidīja, tīrām, spodrām acīm skatīdamās ― she smiled, looking with (her) clean, bright eyes
* (of places, times, areas) relatively bright; such that relatively bright light spreads in it
    saule patlaban norietēja, un pie spodrajām vakara debesīm iedegās pirmās zvaigznes ― the sun was now setting, and on the bright evening sky the first stars lit up
* (of sounds) bright, sonorous
    kora skanīgums gan dažkārt ir dzirdēts spodrāks un skaidrāks izstrādājumā ― the sonorousness of the choir is sometimes heard brighter and clearer in (= during) its realization

#### Synonyms

* (of "shiny", "bright"): gaišs, spīdīgs, spilgts, spožs, spulgs
* (of "clean"): tīrs

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “of "shiny", "bright"”): blāvs, nespodrs
* (antonym(s) of “of "clean"”): netīrs

#### Derived terms

* nespodrs, nespodrība, nespodrums
* spodrība
* spodrums

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “spodrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN