# jova
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin juga, plural of jugum (“yoke”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈʒo.βə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈʒo.və]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈd͡ʒɔ.va]

### Noun

jova f (plural joves)
* (obsolete) a team of oxen
* (historical) corvee
* (figurative) drudgery

#### Derived terms

* jovada

### Further reading

* “jova” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* joha

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *olьxa.

### Noun

jova f (Cyrillic spelling јова)
* alder
    Synonym: jelša

#### Declension
## Swazi
### Verb

-jova
* to inject
* to influence

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Verb

-jova
* (transitive) to innoculate, to vaccinate, to inject

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukujova |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukujova | ukungajovi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | jova | -jove |
| Plural | jovani | -joveni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyajova, ngijova | engijovayo, engijova | ngijova | angijovi | engingajovi | ngingajovi |
| 2nd singular | uyajova, ujova | ojovayo, ojova | ujova | awujovi | ongajovi | ungajovi |
| 1st plural | siyajova, sijova | esijovayo, esijova | sijova | asijovi | esingajovi | singajovi |
| 2nd plural | niyajova, nijova | enijovayo, enijova | nijova | anijovi | eningajovi | ningajovi |
| Class 1 | uyajova, ujova | ojovayo, ojova | ejova | akajovi | ongajovi | engajovi |
| Class 2 | bayajova, bajova | abajovayo, abajova | bejova | abajovi | abangajovi | bengajovi |
| Class 3 | uyajova, ujova | ojovayo, ojova | ujova | awujovi | ongajovi | ungajovi |
| Class 4 | iyajova, ijova | ejovayo, ejova | ijova | ayijovi | engajovi | ingajovi |
| Class 5 | liyajova, lijova | elijovayo, elijova | lijova | alijovi | elingajovi | lingajovi |
| Class 6 | ayajova, ajova | ajovayo, ajova | ejova | awajovi | angajovi | engajovi |
| Class 7 | siyajova, sijova | esijovayo, esijova | sijova | asijovi | esingajovi | singajovi |
| Class 8 | ziyajova, zijova | ezijovayo, ezijova | zijova | azijovi | ezingajovi | zingajovi |
| Class 9 | iyajova, ijova | ejovayo, ejova | ijova | ayijovi | engajovi | ingajovi |
| Class 10 | ziyajova, zijova | ezijovayo, ezijova | zijova | azijovi | ezingajovi | zingajovi |
| Class 11 | luyajova, lujova | olujovayo, olujova | lujova | alujovi | olungajovi | lungajovi |
| Class 14 | buyajova, bujova | obujovayo, obujova | bujova | abujovi | obungajovi | bungajovi |
| Class 15 | kuyajova, kujova | okujovayo, okujova | kujova | akujovi | okungajovi | kungajovi |
| Class 17 | kuyajova, kujova | okujovayo, okujova | kujova | akujovi | okungajovi | kungajovi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngijovile, ngijovē | engijovile, engijovē | ngijovile, ngijovē | angijovanga | engingajovanga | ngingajovanga |
| 2nd singular | ujovile, ujovē | ojovile, ojovē | ujovile, ujovē | awujovanga | ongajovanga | ungajovanga |
| 1st plural | sijovile, sijovē | esijovile, esijovē | sijovile, sijovē | asijovanga | esingajovanga | singajovanga |
| 2nd plural | nijovile, nijovē | enijovile, enijovē | nijovile, nijovē | anijovanga | eningajovanga | ningajovanga |
| Class 1 | ujovile, ujovē | ojovile, ojovē | ejovile, ejovē | akajovanga | ongajovanga | engajovanga |
| Class 2 | bajovile, bajovē | abajovile, abajovē | bejovile, bejovē | abajovanga | abangajovanga | bengajovanga |
| Class 3 | ujovile, ujovē | ojovile, ojovē | ujovile, ujovē | awujovanga | ongajovanga | ungajovanga |
| Class 4 | ijovile, ijovē | ejovile, ejovē | ijovile, ijovē | ayijovanga | engajovanga | ingajovanga |
| Class 5 | lijovile, lijovē | elijovile, elijovē | lijovile, lijovē | alijovanga | elingajovanga | lingajovanga |
| Class 6 | ajovile, ajovē | ajovile, ajovē | ejovile, ejovē | awajovanga | angajovanga | engajovanga |
| Class 7 | sijovile, sijovē | esijovile, esijovē | sijovile, sijovē | asijovanga | esingajovanga | singajovanga |
| Class 8 | zijovile, zijovē | ezijovile, ezijovē | zijovile, zijovē | azijovanga | ezingajovanga | zingajovanga |
| Class 9 | ijovile, ijovē | ejovile, ejovē | ijovile, ijovē | ayijovanga | engajovanga | ingajovanga |
| Class 10 | zijovile, zijovē | ezijovile, ezijovē | zijovile, zijovē | azijovanga | ezingajovanga | zingajovanga |
| Class 11 | lujovile, lujovē | olujovile, olujovē | lujovile, lujovē | alujovanga | olungajovanga | lungajovanga |
| Class 14 | bujovile, bujovē | obujovile, obujovē | bujovile, bujovē | abujovanga | obungajovanga | bungajovanga |
| Class 15 | kujovile, kujovē | okujovile, okujovē | kujovile, kujovē | akujovanga | okungajovanga | kungajovanga |
| Class 17 | kujovile, kujovē | okujovile, okujovē | kujovile, kujovē | akujovanga | okungajovanga | kungajovanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngājova | engājova | ngājova | angijovanga | engingajovanga | ngingajovanga |
| 2nd singular | wājova | owājova | wājova | awujovanga | ongajovanga | ungajovanga |
| 1st plural | sājova | esājova | sājova | asijovanga | esingajovanga | singajovanga |
| 2nd plural | nājova | enājova | nājova | anijovanga | eningajovanga | ningajovanga |
| Class 1 | wājova | owājova | ājova | akajovanga | ongajovanga | engajovanga |
| Class 2 | bājova | abājova | bājova | abajovanga | abangajovanga | bengajovanga |
| Class 3 | wājova | owājova | wājova | awujovanga | ongajovanga | ungajovanga |
| Class 4 | yājova | eyājova | yājova | ayijovanga | engajovanga | ingajovanga |
| Class 5 | lājova | elājova | lājova | alijovanga | elingajovanga | lingajovanga |
| Class 6 | ājova | ājova | ājova | awajovanga | angajovanga | engajovanga |
| Class 7 | sājova | esājova | sājova | asijovanga | esingajovanga | singajovanga |
| Class 8 | zājova | ezājova | zājova | azijovanga | ezingajovanga | zingajovanga |
| Class 9 | yājova | eyājova | yājova | ayijovanga | engajovanga | ingajovanga |
| Class 10 | zājova | ezājova | zājova | azijovanga | ezingajovanga | zingajovanga |
| Class 11 | lwājova | olwājova | lwājova | alujovanga | olungajovanga | lungajovanga |
| Class 14 | bājova | obājova | bājova | abujovanga | obungajovanga | bungajovanga |
| Class 15 | kwājova | okwājova | kwājova | akujovanga | okungajovanga | kungajovanga |
| Class 17 | kwājova | okwājova | kwājova | akujovanga | okungajovanga | kungajovanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingajova | — | ngingajova | ngingejove | — | ngingejove |
| 2nd singular | ungajova | — | ungajova | ungejove | — | ungejove |
| 1st plural | singajova | — | singajova | singejove | — | singejove |
| 2nd plural | ningajova | — | ningajova | ningejove | — | ningejove |
| Class 1 | angajova | — | engajova | angejove | — | engejove |
| Class 2 | bangajova | — | bengajova | bangejove | — | bengejove |
| Class 3 | ungajova | — | ungajova | ungejove | — | ungejove |
| Class 4 | ingajova | — | ingajova | ingejove | — | ingejove |
| Class 5 | lingajova | — | lingajova | lingejove | — | lingejove |
| Class 6 | angajova | — | engajova | angejove | — | engejove |
| Class 7 | singajova | — | singajova | singejove | — | singejove |
| Class 8 | zingajova | — | zingajova | zingejove | — | zingejove |
| Class 9 | ingajova | — | ingajova | ingejove | — | ingejove |
| Class 10 | zingajova | — | zingajova | zingejove | — | zingejove |
| Class 11 | lungajova | — | lungajova | lungejove | — | lungejove |
| Class 14 | bungajova | — | bungajova | bungejove | — | bungejove |
| Class 15 | kungajova | — | kungajova | kungejove | — | kungejove |
| Class 17 | kungajova | — | kungajova | kungejove | — | kungejove |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizojova | engizojova | ngizojova | angizujova | engingezujova | ngingezujova |
| 2nd singular | uzojova | ozojova | uzojova | awuzujova | ongezujova | ungezujova |
| 1st plural | sizojova | esizojova | sizojova | asizujova | esingezujova | singezujova |
| 2nd plural | nizojova | enizojova | nizojova | anizujova | eningezujova | ningezujova |
| Class 1 | uzojova | ozojova | ezojova | akazujova | ongezujova | engezujova |
| Class 2 | bazojova | abazojova | bezojova | abazujova | abangezujova | bengezujova |
| Class 3 | uzojova | ozojova | uzojova | awuzujova | ongezujova | ungezujova |
| Class 4 | izojova | ezojova | izojova | ayizujova | engezujova | ingezujova |
| Class 5 | lizojova | elizojova | lizojova | alizujova | elingezujova | lingezujova |
| Class 6 | azojova | azojova | ezojova | awazujova | angezujova | engezujova |
| Class 7 | sizojova | esizojova | sizojova | asizujova | esingezujova | singezujova |
| Class 8 | zizojova | ezizojova | zizojova | azizujova | ezingezujova | zingezujova |
| Class 9 | izojova | ezojova | izojova | ayizujova | engezujova | ingezujova |
| Class 10 | zizojova | ezizojova | zizojova | azizujova | ezingezujova | zingezujova |
| Class 11 | luzojova | oluzojova | luzojova | aluzujova | olungezujova | lungezujova |
| Class 14 | buzojova | obuzojova | buzojova | abuzujova | obungezujova | bungezujova |
| Class 15 | kuzojova | okuzojova | kuzojova | akuzujova | okungezujova | kungezujova |
| Class 17 | kuzojova | okuzojova | kuzojova | akuzujova | okungezujova | kungezujova |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyojova | engiyojova | ngiyojova | angiyujova | engingeyujova | ngingeyujova |
| 2nd singular | uyojova | oyojova | uyojova | awuyujova | ongeyujova | ungeyujova |
| 1st plural | siyojova | esiyojova | siyojova | asiyujova | esingeyujova | singeyujova |
| 2nd plural | niyojova | eniyojova | niyojova | aniyujova | eningeyujova | ningeyujova |
| Class 1 | uyojova | oyojova | eyojova | akayujova | ongeyujova | engeyujova |
| Class 2 | bayojova | abayojova | beyojova | abayujova | abangeyujova | bengeyujova |
| Class 3 | uyojova | oyojova | uyojova | awuyujova | ongeyujova | ungeyujova |
| Class 4 | iyojova | eyojova | iyojova | ayiyujova | engeyujova | ingeyujova |
| Class 5 | liyojova | eliyojova | liyojova | aliyujova | elingeyujova | lingeyujova |
| Class 6 | ayojova | ayojova | eyojova | awayujova | angeyujova | engeyujova |
| Class 7 | siyojova | esiyojova | siyojova | asiyujova | esingeyujova | singeyujova |
| Class 8 | ziyojova | eziyojova | ziyojova | aziyujova | ezingeyujova | zingeyujova |
| Class 9 | iyojova | eyojova | iyojova | ayiyujova | engeyujova | ingeyujova |
| Class 10 | ziyojova | eziyojova | ziyojova | aziyujova | ezingeyujova | zingeyujova |
| Class 11 | luyojova | oluyojova | luyojova | aluyujova | olungeyujova | lungeyujova |
| Class 14 | buyojova | obuyojova | buyojova | abuyujova | obungeyujova | bungeyujova |
| Class 15 | kuyojova | okuyojova | kuyojova | akuyujova | okungeyujova | kungeyujova |
| Class 17 | kuyojova | okuyojova | kuyojova | akuyujova | okungeyujova | kungeyujova |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngijove | ngingajovi |
| 2nd singular | ujove | ungajovi |
| 1st plural | sijove | singajovi |
| 2nd plural | nijove | ningajovi |
| Class 1 | ajove | angajovi |
| Class 2 | bajove | bangajovi |
| Class 3 | ujove | ungajovi |
| Class 4 | ijove | ingajovi |
| Class 5 | lijove | lingajovi |
| Class 6 | ajove | angajovi |
| Class 7 | sijove | singajovi |
| Class 8 | zijove | zingajovi |
| Class 9 | ijove | ingajovi |
| Class 10 | zijove | zingajovi |
| Class 11 | lujove | lungajovi |
| Class 14 | bujove | bungajovi |
| Class 15 | kujove | kungajovi |
| Class 17 | kujove | kungajovi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngajova | ngangajova, angajova, angangajova |
| 2nd singular | wajova | wangajova, awajova, awangajova |
| 1st plural | sajova | sangajova, asajova, asangajova |
| 2nd plural | najova | nangajova, anajova, anangajova |
| Class 1 | wajova | wangajova, akajova, akangajova |
| Class 2 | bajova | bangajova, abajova, abangajova |
| Class 3 | wajova | wangajova, awajova, awangajova |
| Class 4 | yajova | yangajova, ayajova, ayangajova |
| Class 5 | lajova | langajova, alajova, alangajova |
| Class 6 | ajova | angajova, awajova, awangajova |
| Class 7 | sajova | sangajova, asajova, asangajova |
| Class 8 | zajova | zangajova, azajova, azangajova |
| Class 9 | yajova | yangajova, ayajova, ayangajova |
| Class 10 | zajova | zangajova, azajova, azangajova |
| Class 11 | lwajova | lwangajova, alwajova, alwangajova |
| Class 14 | bajova | bangajova, abajova, abangajova |
| Class 15 | kwajova | kwangajova, akwajova, akwangajova |
| Class 17 | kwajova | kwangajova, akwajova, akwangajova |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “jova”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “jova (6.3)”