# gwedla
## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɡweːɮa/

### Verb

-gwedla
* (transitive) to oar, to paddle, to row, to scull

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukugwedla |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukugwedla | ukungagwedli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | gwedla | -gwedle |
| Plural | gwedlani | -gwedleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyagwedla, ngigwedla | engigwedlayo, engigwedla | ngigwedla | angigwedli | engingagwedli | ngingagwedli |
| 2nd singular | uyagwedla, ugwedla | ogwedlayo, ogwedla | ugwedla | awugwedli | ongagwedli | ungagwedli |
| 1st plural | siyagwedla, sigwedla | esigwedlayo, esigwedla | sigwedla | asigwedli | esingagwedli | singagwedli |
| 2nd plural | niyagwedla, nigwedla | enigwedlayo, enigwedla | nigwedla | anigwedli | eningagwedli | ningagwedli |
| Class 1 | uyagwedla, ugwedla | ogwedlayo, ogwedla | egwedla | akagwedli | ongagwedli | engagwedli |
| Class 2 | bayagwedla, bagwedla | abagwedlayo, abagwedla | begwedla | abagwedli | abangagwedli | bengagwedli |
| Class 3 | uyagwedla, ugwedla | ogwedlayo, ogwedla | ugwedla | awugwedli | ongagwedli | ungagwedli |
| Class 4 | iyagwedla, igwedla | egwedlayo, egwedla | igwedla | ayigwedli | engagwedli | ingagwedli |
| Class 5 | liyagwedla, ligwedla | eligwedlayo, eligwedla | ligwedla | aligwedli | elingagwedli | lingagwedli |
| Class 6 | ayagwedla, agwedla | agwedlayo, agwedla | egwedla | awagwedli | angagwedli | engagwedli |
| Class 7 | siyagwedla, sigwedla | esigwedlayo, esigwedla | sigwedla | asigwedli | esingagwedli | singagwedli |
| Class 8 | ziyagwedla, zigwedla | ezigwedlayo, ezigwedla | zigwedla | azigwedli | ezingagwedli | zingagwedli |
| Class 9 | iyagwedla, igwedla | egwedlayo, egwedla | igwedla | ayigwedli | engagwedli | ingagwedli |
| Class 10 | ziyagwedla, zigwedla | ezigwedlayo, ezigwedla | zigwedla | azigwedli | ezingagwedli | zingagwedli |
| Class 11 | luyagwedla, lugwedla | olugwedlayo, olugwedla | lugwedla | alugwedli | olungagwedli | lungagwedli |
| Class 14 | buyagwedla, bugwedla | obugwedlayo, obugwedla | bugwedla | abugwedli | obungagwedli | bungagwedli |
| Class 15 | kuyagwedla, kugwedla | okugwedlayo, okugwedla | kugwedla | akugwedli | okungagwedli | kungagwedli |
| Class 17 | kuyagwedla, kugwedla | okugwedlayo, okugwedla | kugwedla | akugwedli | okungagwedli | kungagwedli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngigwedlile, ngigwedlē | engigwedlile, engigwedlē | ngigwedlile, ngigwedlē | angigwedlanga | engingagwedlanga | ngingagwedlanga |
| 2nd singular | ugwedlile, ugwedlē | ogwedlile, ogwedlē | ugwedlile, ugwedlē | awugwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | ungagwedlanga |
| 1st plural | sigwedlile, sigwedlē | esigwedlile, esigwedlē | sigwedlile, sigwedlē | asigwedlanga | esingagwedlanga | singagwedlanga |
| 2nd plural | nigwedlile, nigwedlē | enigwedlile, enigwedlē | nigwedlile, nigwedlē | anigwedlanga | eningagwedlanga | ningagwedlanga |
| Class 1 | ugwedlile, ugwedlē | ogwedlile, ogwedlē | egwedlile, egwedlē | akagwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | engagwedlanga |
| Class 2 | bagwedlile, bagwedlē | abagwedlile, abagwedlē | begwedlile, begwedlē | abagwedlanga | abangagwedlanga | bengagwedlanga |
| Class 3 | ugwedlile, ugwedlē | ogwedlile, ogwedlē | ugwedlile, ugwedlē | awugwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | ungagwedlanga |
| Class 4 | igwedlile, igwedlē | egwedlile, egwedlē | igwedlile, igwedlē | ayigwedlanga | engagwedlanga | ingagwedlanga |
| Class 5 | ligwedlile, ligwedlē | eligwedlile, eligwedlē | ligwedlile, ligwedlē | aligwedlanga | elingagwedlanga | lingagwedlanga |
| Class 6 | agwedlile, agwedlē | agwedlile, agwedlē | egwedlile, egwedlē | awagwedlanga | angagwedlanga | engagwedlanga |
| Class 7 | sigwedlile, sigwedlē | esigwedlile, esigwedlē | sigwedlile, sigwedlē | asigwedlanga | esingagwedlanga | singagwedlanga |
| Class 8 | zigwedlile, zigwedlē | ezigwedlile, ezigwedlē | zigwedlile, zigwedlē | azigwedlanga | ezingagwedlanga | zingagwedlanga |
| Class 9 | igwedlile, igwedlē | egwedlile, egwedlē | igwedlile, igwedlē | ayigwedlanga | engagwedlanga | ingagwedlanga |
| Class 10 | zigwedlile, zigwedlē | ezigwedlile, ezigwedlē | zigwedlile, zigwedlē | azigwedlanga | ezingagwedlanga | zingagwedlanga |
| Class 11 | lugwedlile, lugwedlē | olugwedlile, olugwedlē | lugwedlile, lugwedlē | alugwedlanga | olungagwedlanga | lungagwedlanga |
| Class 14 | bugwedlile, bugwedlē | obugwedlile, obugwedlē | bugwedlile, bugwedlē | abugwedlanga | obungagwedlanga | bungagwedlanga |
| Class 15 | kugwedlile, kugwedlē | okugwedlile, okugwedlē | kugwedlile, kugwedlē | akugwedlanga | okungagwedlanga | kungagwedlanga |
| Class 17 | kugwedlile, kugwedlē | okugwedlile, okugwedlē | kugwedlile, kugwedlē | akugwedlanga | okungagwedlanga | kungagwedlanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāgwedla | engāgwedla | ngāgwedla | angigwedlanga | engingagwedlanga | ngingagwedlanga |
| 2nd singular | wāgwedla | owāgwedla | wāgwedla | awugwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | ungagwedlanga |
| 1st plural | sāgwedla | esāgwedla | sāgwedla | asigwedlanga | esingagwedlanga | singagwedlanga |
| 2nd plural | nāgwedla | enāgwedla | nāgwedla | anigwedlanga | eningagwedlanga | ningagwedlanga |
| Class 1 | wāgwedla | owāgwedla | āgwedla | akagwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | engagwedlanga |
| Class 2 | bāgwedla | abāgwedla | bāgwedla | abagwedlanga | abangagwedlanga | bengagwedlanga |
| Class 3 | wāgwedla | owāgwedla | wāgwedla | awugwedlanga | ongagwedlanga | ungagwedlanga |
| Class 4 | yāgwedla | eyāgwedla | yāgwedla | ayigwedlanga | engagwedlanga | ingagwedlanga |
| Class 5 | lāgwedla | elāgwedla | lāgwedla | aligwedlanga | elingagwedlanga | lingagwedlanga |
| Class 6 | āgwedla | āgwedla | āgwedla | awagwedlanga | angagwedlanga | engagwedlanga |
| Class 7 | sāgwedla | esāgwedla | sāgwedla | asigwedlanga | esingagwedlanga | singagwedlanga |
| Class 8 | zāgwedla | ezāgwedla | zāgwedla | azigwedlanga | ezingagwedlanga | zingagwedlanga |
| Class 9 | yāgwedla | eyāgwedla | yāgwedla | ayigwedlanga | engagwedlanga | ingagwedlanga |
| Class 10 | zāgwedla | ezāgwedla | zāgwedla | azigwedlanga | ezingagwedlanga | zingagwedlanga |
| Class 11 | lwāgwedla | olwāgwedla | lwāgwedla | alugwedlanga | olungagwedlanga | lungagwedlanga |
| Class 14 | bāgwedla | obāgwedla | bāgwedla | abugwedlanga | obungagwedlanga | bungagwedlanga |
| Class 15 | kwāgwedla | okwāgwedla | kwāgwedla | akugwedlanga | okungagwedlanga | kungagwedlanga |
| Class 17 | kwāgwedla | okwāgwedla | kwāgwedla | akugwedlanga | okungagwedlanga | kungagwedlanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingagwedla | — | ngingagwedla | ngingegwedle | — | ngingegwedle |
| 2nd singular | ungagwedla | — | ungagwedla | ungegwedle | — | ungegwedle |
| 1st plural | singagwedla | — | singagwedla | singegwedle | — | singegwedle |
| 2nd plural | ningagwedla | — | ningagwedla | ningegwedle | — | ningegwedle |
| Class 1 | angagwedla | — | engagwedla | angegwedle | — | engegwedle |
| Class 2 | bangagwedla | — | bengagwedla | bangegwedle | — | bengegwedle |
| Class 3 | ungagwedla | — | ungagwedla | ungegwedle | — | ungegwedle |
| Class 4 | ingagwedla | — | ingagwedla | ingegwedle | — | ingegwedle |
| Class 5 | lingagwedla | — | lingagwedla | lingegwedle | — | lingegwedle |
| Class 6 | angagwedla | — | engagwedla | angegwedle | — | engegwedle |
| Class 7 | singagwedla | — | singagwedla | singegwedle | — | singegwedle |
| Class 8 | zingagwedla | — | zingagwedla | zingegwedle | — | zingegwedle |
| Class 9 | ingagwedla | — | ingagwedla | ingegwedle | — | ingegwedle |
| Class 10 | zingagwedla | — | zingagwedla | zingegwedle | — | zingegwedle |
| Class 11 | lungagwedla | — | lungagwedla | lungegwedle | — | lungegwedle |
| Class 14 | bungagwedla | — | bungagwedla | bungegwedle | — | bungegwedle |
| Class 15 | kungagwedla | — | kungagwedla | kungegwedle | — | kungegwedle |
| Class 17 | kungagwedla | — | kungagwedla | kungegwedle | — | kungegwedle |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizogwedla | engizogwedla | ngizogwedla | angizugwedla | engingezugwedla | ngingezugwedla |
| 2nd singular | uzogwedla | ozogwedla | uzogwedla | awuzugwedla | ongezugwedla | ungezugwedla |
| 1st plural | sizogwedla | esizogwedla | sizogwedla | asizugwedla | esingezugwedla | singezugwedla |
| 2nd plural | nizogwedla | enizogwedla | nizogwedla | anizugwedla | eningezugwedla | ningezugwedla |
| Class 1 | uzogwedla | ozogwedla | ezogwedla | akazugwedla | ongezugwedla | engezugwedla |
| Class 2 | bazogwedla | abazogwedla | bezogwedla | abazugwedla | abangezugwedla | bengezugwedla |
| Class 3 | uzogwedla | ozogwedla | uzogwedla | awuzugwedla | ongezugwedla | ungezugwedla |
| Class 4 | izogwedla | ezogwedla | izogwedla | ayizugwedla | engezugwedla | ingezugwedla |
| Class 5 | lizogwedla | elizogwedla | lizogwedla | alizugwedla | elingezugwedla | lingezugwedla |
| Class 6 | azogwedla | azogwedla | ezogwedla | awazugwedla | angezugwedla | engezugwedla |
| Class 7 | sizogwedla | esizogwedla | sizogwedla | asizugwedla | esingezugwedla | singezugwedla |
| Class 8 | zizogwedla | ezizogwedla | zizogwedla | azizugwedla | ezingezugwedla | zingezugwedla |
| Class 9 | izogwedla | ezogwedla | izogwedla | ayizugwedla | engezugwedla | ingezugwedla |
| Class 10 | zizogwedla | ezizogwedla | zizogwedla | azizugwedla | ezingezugwedla | zingezugwedla |
| Class 11 | luzogwedla | oluzogwedla | luzogwedla | aluzugwedla | olungezugwedla | lungezugwedla |
| Class 14 | buzogwedla | obuzogwedla | buzogwedla | abuzugwedla | obungezugwedla | bungezugwedla |
| Class 15 | kuzogwedla | okuzogwedla | kuzogwedla | akuzugwedla | okungezugwedla | kungezugwedla |
| Class 17 | kuzogwedla | okuzogwedla | kuzogwedla | akuzugwedla | okungezugwedla | kungezugwedla |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyogwedla | engiyogwedla | ngiyogwedla | angiyugwedla | engingeyugwedla | ngingeyugwedla |
| 2nd singular | uyogwedla | oyogwedla | uyogwedla | awuyugwedla | ongeyugwedla | ungeyugwedla |
| 1st plural | siyogwedla | esiyogwedla | siyogwedla | asiyugwedla | esingeyugwedla | singeyugwedla |
| 2nd plural | niyogwedla | eniyogwedla | niyogwedla | aniyugwedla | eningeyugwedla | ningeyugwedla |
| Class 1 | uyogwedla | oyogwedla | eyogwedla | akayugwedla | ongeyugwedla | engeyugwedla |
| Class 2 | bayogwedla | abayogwedla | beyogwedla | abayugwedla | abangeyugwedla | bengeyugwedla |
| Class 3 | uyogwedla | oyogwedla | uyogwedla | awuyugwedla | ongeyugwedla | ungeyugwedla |
| Class 4 | iyogwedla | eyogwedla | iyogwedla | ayiyugwedla | engeyugwedla | ingeyugwedla |
| Class 5 | liyogwedla | eliyogwedla | liyogwedla | aliyugwedla | elingeyugwedla | lingeyugwedla |
| Class 6 | ayogwedla | ayogwedla | eyogwedla | awayugwedla | angeyugwedla | engeyugwedla |
| Class 7 | siyogwedla | esiyogwedla | siyogwedla | asiyugwedla | esingeyugwedla | singeyugwedla |
| Class 8 | ziyogwedla | eziyogwedla | ziyogwedla | aziyugwedla | ezingeyugwedla | zingeyugwedla |
| Class 9 | iyogwedla | eyogwedla | iyogwedla | ayiyugwedla | engeyugwedla | ingeyugwedla |
| Class 10 | ziyogwedla | eziyogwedla | ziyogwedla | aziyugwedla | ezingeyugwedla | zingeyugwedla |
| Class 11 | luyogwedla | oluyogwedla | luyogwedla | aluyugwedla | olungeyugwedla | lungeyugwedla |
| Class 14 | buyogwedla | obuyogwedla | buyogwedla | abuyugwedla | obungeyugwedla | bungeyugwedla |
| Class 15 | kuyogwedla | okuyogwedla | kuyogwedla | akuyugwedla | okungeyugwedla | kungeyugwedla |
| Class 17 | kuyogwedla | okuyogwedla | kuyogwedla | akuyugwedla | okungeyugwedla | kungeyugwedla |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngigwedle | ngingagwedli |
| 2nd singular | ugwedle | ungagwedli |
| 1st plural | sigwedle | singagwedli |
| 2nd plural | nigwedle | ningagwedli |
| Class 1 | agwedle | angagwedli |
| Class 2 | bagwedle | bangagwedli |
| Class 3 | ugwedle | ungagwedli |
| Class 4 | igwedle | ingagwedli |
| Class 5 | ligwedle | lingagwedli |
| Class 6 | agwedle | angagwedli |
| Class 7 | sigwedle | singagwedli |
| Class 8 | zigwedle | zingagwedli |
| Class 9 | igwedle | ingagwedli |
| Class 10 | zigwedle | zingagwedli |
| Class 11 | lugwedle | lungagwedli |
| Class 14 | bugwedle | bungagwedli |
| Class 15 | kugwedle | kungagwedli |
| Class 17 | kugwedle | kungagwedli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngagwedla | ngangagwedla, angagwedla, angangagwedla |
| 2nd singular | wagwedla | wangagwedla, awagwedla, awangagwedla |
| 1st plural | sagwedla | sangagwedla, asagwedla, asangagwedla |
| 2nd plural | nagwedla | nangagwedla, anagwedla, anangagwedla |
| Class 1 | wagwedla | wangagwedla, akagwedla, akangagwedla |
| Class 2 | bagwedla | bangagwedla, abagwedla, abangagwedla |
| Class 3 | wagwedla | wangagwedla, awagwedla, awangagwedla |
| Class 4 | yagwedla | yangagwedla, ayagwedla, ayangagwedla |
| Class 5 | lagwedla | langagwedla, alagwedla, alangagwedla |
| Class 6 | agwedla | angagwedla, awagwedla, awangagwedla |
| Class 7 | sagwedla | sangagwedla, asagwedla, asangagwedla |
| Class 8 | zagwedla | zangagwedla, azagwedla, azangagwedla |
| Class 9 | yagwedla | yangagwedla, ayagwedla, ayangagwedla |
| Class 10 | zagwedla | zangagwedla, azagwedla, azangagwedla |
| Class 11 | lwagwedla | lwangagwedla, alwagwedla, alwangagwedla |
| Class 14 | bagwedla | bangagwedla, abagwedla, abangagwedla |
| Class 15 | kwagwedla | kwangagwedla, akwagwedla, akwangagwedla |
| Class 17 | kwagwedla | kwangagwedla, akwagwedla, akwangagwedla |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gwedla”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gwedla (6.3)”