# šwj
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ʃuːi/
** Conventional anglicization: shui

### Verb

3ae inf.
* (intransitive) to be(come) physically empty (+ m: of; to not physically contain)
* (intransitive, of seats, litters, etc.) to be(come) unoccupied
* (intransitive with m, usually of people) to be(come) deprived or dispossessed of (a thing or possession), whether legally or by robbery; to (come to) lack
* (intransitive with m or occasionally transitive) to be(come) devoid of, free of (a quality, action, or abstraction, typically a negative one); also (usually negated) to stop doing (an action)
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 12–13: jnk šw ⟨m⟩ ḥꜣwI am free of exaggeration.
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.10–1.11: jr šww m srḫ n t nj sḫm.n mdt nbt jm.fAs for one who is free of notoriety regarding bread, no word can take control of him.
* (intransitive with m, of people, always negated) to be rid of (a person) [Pyramid Texts]
* (intransitive with m, of limbs, always negated) to lack (an associated god)
* (intransitive) to be(come) absent, lacking, unavailable, missing (+ m: from)
* (intransitive) to be(come) lacking in sufficient quantities, deficient, not enough
* (intransitive with r) to remove or distance oneself from

#### Alternative forms

| šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj |
| [since the Pyramid Texts] | [Old Kingdom] | [since the Old Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the 19th Dynasty] |

#### Antonyms

* mḥ

#### Derived terms

* sšwj
* šw

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Coptic: ϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ (šoueit)

### Verb

3ae inf.
* (intransitive, in religious texts) to rise, to ascend (+ r: to (the sky)) [chiefly Pyramid Texts]
* (intransitive, in religious texts) to raise (someone’s arm) (+ r: to (the sky)) [chiefly Pyramid Texts]

#### Alternative forms

| šwj | šwj | šwj |
| | [Late Period] | [Late Period] |

### Verb

3ae inf.
* (intransitive) to be(come) dry, to dry up [since the Medical papyri]

#### Alternative forms

| šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj | šwj |
| | | [Medical papyri] | [Medical papyri] | [Medical papyri] | [18th Dynasty] | [Late Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |
| usual form | usual form | | | | | sporadic |

#### Derived terms

* šww

#### Descendants

* Akhmimic Coptic: ϣⲉⲩⲉ (šeue)
* Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲱⲟⲩⲓ (šōoui)
* Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲁⲩⲉⲓ (šauei)
* Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲁⲩⲉⲓⲉ (šaueie)
* Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲟⲩⲉ (šooue)

### Verb

caus. 3ae inf.
* Alternative form of sšwj (“to empty”) [Late Egyptian and Greco-Roman Period]

#### Alternative forms

| šwj | šwj | šwj |
| | | [Greco-Roman Period] |

### References

* “šwi̯ (lemma ID 152670)”, “šwi̯ (lemma ID 153030)”, and “šwi̯ (lemma ID 152720)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 426.6–427.19, 429.5–429.14, 431.14–431.16
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 263
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 148, 208.