# ताल
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /t̪ɑːl/, [t̪äːl]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit ताल (tāla).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāl) m (Urdu spelling تال)
* (music) rhythm, beat, tune
* palm tree
    Synonym: ताड़ (tāṛ)
* the palm of the hand
    Synonym: हथेली (hathelī)
* the clapping of palms
    Synonym: ताली (tālī)
* (wrestling) slapping the hands on the arms in defiance

##### Descendants

* → Pashto: تال (“beating time in music by striking or slapping the fingers or hands together”)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit तलक (talaka).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāl) m (Urdu spelling تال)
* pond, puddle

##### Declension
### References

* Platts, John T. (1884) “ताल”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t̪äl]
* Phonetic Devanagari: ताल्

### Noun

ताल • (tāl)
* lake
* (music) rhythm, beat, tune

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* tāla (Latin script)
* 𑀢𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* তাল (Bengali script)
* තාල (Sinhalese script)
* တာလ or တႃလ (Burmese script)
* ตาล or ตาละ (Thai script)
* ᨲᩣᩃ (Tai Tham script)
* ຕາລ or ຕາລະ (Lao script)
* តាល (Khmer script)
* 𑄖𑄂𑄣 (Chakma script)

### Noun

ताल m
* Devanagari script form of tāla (“palmyra palm”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* তাল (Assamese script)
* ᬢᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
* তাল (Bengali script)
* 𑰝𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀢𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* တာလ (Burmese script)
* તાલ (Gujarati script)
* ਤਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌤𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
* ꦠꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
* 𑂞𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
* ತಾಲ (Kannada script)
* តាល (Khmer script)
* ຕາລ (Lao script)
* താല (Malayalam script)
* ᢠᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘝𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
* ᢐᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦽𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐟𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
* ତାଲ (Odia script)
* ꢡꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆠𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
* 𑖝𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
* තාල (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩫𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚙𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
* தால (Tamil script)
* తాల (Telugu script)
* ตาล (Thai script)
* ཏཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒞𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨙𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /tɑː.lɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈt̪ɑː.l̪ɐ/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dravidian; ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *tāẓ. Compare Kannada ತಾಳೆ (tāḷe, “palmyra or toddy palm”), Telugu తాటి (tāṭi, “of or pertaining to the palmyra tree”).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m
* the palm tree, palmyra tree, or fan palm (Borassus flabelliformis, producing a sort of spirituous liquor)
* the nut of fan palm
* toddy
* a fragrant earth

##### Declension
#### Adjective

ताल • (tāla) stem
* made of palmyra wood

##### Descendants

* Assamese: তাল (tal)
* Hindi: ताल (tāl)
* → Khmer: តាល (taalaʼ)
* → Lü: ᦎᦱᧃ (ṫaan)
* → Northern Thai: ᨲᩣ᩠ᩃ
* Odia: ତାଳ (tāḷa)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi: ਤਾਲ਼ (tāḷ, “meter, beat, rhythm”), ਤਾੜੀ (tāṛī, “clap”)
* Pali: tāḷa
** → Burmese: ထန် (htan)
** → Mon: တာ
** → Shan: ထၢၼ် (thǎan)
* → Tamil: தாளம் (tāḷam)
* → Thai: ตาล (dtaan)

### Etymology 2

Probably from Dravidian; compare Tamil தார் (tār, “garland, chain”). Alternatively, related to ताड (tāḍa) (like Etymology 3).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, n
* a lock, bolt
* a goldsmith
* the throne of Durga

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Related to ताड (tāḍa, “a blow; noise”).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m
* slapping the hands together or against one's arm; clapping
* the flapping of elephant’s ears
* a type of dance
* a cymbal

##### Descendants

* → Malayalam: താളം (tāḷaṁ)

### Etymology 4

Probably related to Etymology 3.

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m
* musical time or measure
* (prosody) a trochee
* a span measured by the thumb and the middle finger
* a metre of 4 x 4 long syllables

##### Declension
### Etymology 5

Vṛddhi derivative of तल (tala, “bottom”).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m
* the palm of one’s hand
* the hilt of a sword

##### Declension
### Etymology 6

From ताली (tālī, “a type of ornament”), of Dravidian origin; compare Tamil தாலி (tāli, “neck ornament”), Telugu తాళి (tāḷi, “neck gold”).

#### Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m or n
* an orpiment

##### Declension
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “ताल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 444-445.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 242-243
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 498