# 執筆
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhíbǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˊ ㄅㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zap$^1$ bat$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chip-pit
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$tseq-piq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhíbǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˊ ㄅㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhíhbǐ
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^2$-pi$^3$
*** Yale: jŕ-bǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyrbii
*** Palladius: чжиби (čžibi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$執筆／执笔 直筆／直笔
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zap$^1$ bat$^1$
*** Yale: jāp bāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzap$^7$ bat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeb$^1$ bed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐp̚⁵ pɐt̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chip-pit
*** Tâi-lô: tsip-pit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cippid
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sip̚³²⁻⁴ pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sip̚⁵⁻²⁴ pit̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sip̚³²⁻⁵ pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sip̚³²⁻⁴ pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sip̚³²⁻⁴ pit̚³²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$tseq-piq
*** MiniDict: tseh$^入$ pih
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$tseq-piq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡səʔ³³ piɪʔ⁴⁴/

### Verb

執筆
* to write; to do the actual writing

#### Synonyms

* 作文 (zuòwén) (to write an essay or composition)
* 寫作／写作 (xiězuò)
* 寫字／写字 (xiězì)
* 屬文／属文 (zhǔwén) (literary, to compose prose)
* 援筆／援笔 (yuánbǐ) (literary)
* 提筆／提笔 (tíbǐ)
* 撰 (zhuàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 撰寫 (zhuànxiě)
* 撰著 (zhuànzhù) (to write a book)
* 撰述 (zhuànshù) (formal)
* 書寫／书写 (shūxiě)
* 筆耕／笔耕 (bǐgēng) (literary)
* 綴文／缀文 (zhuìwén) (literary, to write a composition)
* 編寫／编写 (biānxiě)
* 著作 (zhùzuò)
* 著述 (zhùshù)
* 行文 (xíngwén)
* 行筆／行笔 (xíngbǐ) (literary, to write an essay or composition)
* 製作／制作 (zhìzuò)
* 譔文／撰文 (zhuànwén) (to write an article)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 執 | 筆 |
| しつ > しっ Grade: S | ひつ > ぴつ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しっぴつ [shìppítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕi̥p̚ʲpʲit͡sɨ]

### Noun

執(しっ)筆(ぴつ) • (shippitsu)
* professional writing

### Verb

執(しっ)筆(ぴつ)する • (shippitsu suru) transitive suru (stem 執(しっ)筆(ぴつ)し (shippitsu shi), past 執(しっ)筆(ぴつ)した (shippitsu shita))
* write, contribute to a publication

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 執筆し | しっぴつし | shippitsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 執筆し | しっぴつし | shippitsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 執筆する | しっぴつする | shippitsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 執筆する | しっぴつする | shippitsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 執筆すれ | しっぴつすれ | shippitsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 執筆せよ¹ 執筆しろ² | しっぴつせよ¹ しっぴつしろ² | shippitsu seyo¹ shippitsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 執筆される | しっぴつされる | shippitsu sareru |
| Causative | 執筆させる 執筆さす | しっぴつさせる しっぴつさす | shippitsu saseru shippitsu sasu |
| Potential | 執筆できる | しっぴつできる | shippitsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 執筆しよう | しっぴつしよう | shippitsu shiyō |
| Negative | 執筆しない | しっぴつしない | shippitsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 執筆せず | しっぴつせず | shippitsu sezu |
| Formal | 執筆します | しっぴつします | shippitsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 執筆した | しっぴつした | shippitsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 執筆して | しっぴつして | shippitsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 執筆すれば | しっぴつすれば | shippitsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 執 | 筆 |

### Noun

執筆 • (jip'pil) (hangeul 집필)
* hanja form of 집필 (“writing”)