# 穢

| 穢 | U+7A62, &#31330; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A62 |
| ← 穡 [U+7A61] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 穣 → [U+7A63] |

## Translingual
### Han character

穢 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜一竹 (HDYMH), four-corner 2195$_3$, composition ⿰禾歲)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 861, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25331
* Dae Jaweon: page 1287, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2634, character 9
* Unihan data for U+7A62

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 噦 | *qʰʷaːds, *qʷrad, *qʷad |
| 翽 | *qʰʷaːds |
| 鐬 | *qʰʷaːds |
| 濊 | *qʰʷaːds, *qʷaːds, *qʷads, *qʰʷaːd |
| 歲 | *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad |
| 劌 | *kʷrads |
| 顪 | *qʰʷads |
| 穢 | *qʷads |
| 薉 | *qʷads |
| 獩 | *qʷads |
| 饖 | *qʷads |
| 奯 | *qʰʷaːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷads) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 歲 (OC *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huì, wèi (hui$^4$, wei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˋ, ㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wai$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ve
    (Meixian, Guangdong): vê$^4$ / mê$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): uói
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): è / èr / òe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uê$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$hue
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huì
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huèi
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^4$
*** Yale: hwèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huey
*** Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wèi
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^4$
*** Yale: wèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
*** Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^3$
*** Yale: wai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ve
*** Hakka Romanization System: ve
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ve$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ve⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: vê$^4$ / mê$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʋe⁵³/, /me⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̿
*** Sinological IPA : /sy³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: uói
*** Sinological IPA : /ui²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: è
*** Tâi-lô: è
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ex
*** IPA (Taipei): /e¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /e²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èr
*** Tâi-lô: èr
*** IPA (Lukang): /ə³¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ə⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /ə¹²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òe
*** Tâi-lô: uè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oex
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ue²¹/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou:
** è/èr - vernacular;
** òe - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'jwojH
Rime :
| Character | 穢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 廢 (28) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於廢切 |
| Baxter | 'jwojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔʉɐi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷiɐi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiuɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔuaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiuɐi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭwɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔi̯wɐi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷat-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʷads/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 穢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjwoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷat-s/ |
| English | bad weeds; filth |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 穢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12168 |
| Phonetic component | 歲 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 穢 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷads/ |

### Definitions

穢
* dirty; filthy; unclean
* immoral; obscene
* (dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting
* (Southern Min) to infect (a person)
* (obsolete) overgrown with weeds

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 污, 穢, 污穢 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 骯髒, 污穢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 髒, 腌臢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 髒, 骯髒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 髒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 埋汰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 骯髒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 邋遢 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 骯髒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 髒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 髒, 窩囊, 腌臢 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 髒, 邋乎, 埋汰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 齷齪, 邋遢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 陳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 髒, 日髒, 骯髒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 髒, 骯髒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 骯髒, 髒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 骯髒, 腌臢 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 髒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 髒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 髒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 挖抓, 髒, 齷齪, 邋遢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guang'an | 挖抓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 挖抓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 拉瓜, 賴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 髒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 邋遢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 邋遢, 污糟, 涴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 髒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 髒, 邋遢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 髒, 膿糟, 拾弄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 邋遢, 骯屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 骯屎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 垠 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 污糟 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 污糟, 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 邋遢, 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 污糟, 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 污糟, 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 污糟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 污糟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 污糟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 污糟 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 揦鮓, 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 邋遢, 揦鮓, 黧貰 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 邋遢, 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 邋遢 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 賴濕, 鹹濕 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 垠 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 失引, 污糟, 揦鮓 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 污糟, 揦鮓 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 腌臢 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 邋遢 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 雷堆, 雷賴, 齷齪 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 漚紐, 穢 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 累贅 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 囉嗦 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 囉嗦 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 囉嗦 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 烏數 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 烏奴 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 邋遢 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Changting | 齷齪 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 屙糟 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 屙糟 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屙糟 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 齷齪 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屙糟 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 屙糟 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 屙糟, 垃圾 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 漚紐, 累贅, 囉嗦 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 活柴, 污糟 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 邋遢, 污糟 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 遢邋 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 遢邋 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 邋遢 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 邋遢 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 邋遢 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 日髒, 髒, 腌臢 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 日髒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 髒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 污喏, 垃圾 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 污喏 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 污喏 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 垃圾 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 垃圾 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 垃渣, 濫𡞟, 懶露, 五鹵, 齷齪 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 流瘍, 流死瘍, 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 穢涗, 塕埃 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 腌臢, 兇, 驚儂, 穢涗, 塕埃 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 腌臢, 垃圾, 淤漬, 驚儂, 垃圾鬼, 穢涗, 塕埃 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 垃圾, 垃儳, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 垃圾, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 垃圾 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 垃圾 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂, 流𣻸 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 垃圾 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 垃儳 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 流瘍, 垃儳, 垃圾, 厚穢 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 腌臢 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 垃圾 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 凄疑 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 垃圾, 邋遢 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 邋滯 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 尻髒 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 尻髒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 污盧 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 齷齪 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 齷齪, 鏖糟 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 邋遢, 齷齪 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 齷齪, 邋遢, 污糟 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 污糟, 齷拉 |
| Wu | Danyang | 髒 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 埲, 邋遢 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 膩腥, 鏖糟, 淟汰, 邋遢 dated |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 鏖糟, 髒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 遮捏, 鏖糟 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 邋遢, 邋糊 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 派老, 邋遢 |

### Compounds

* 口出穢言／口出秽言
* 大穢／大秽
* 形穢／形秽
* 污穢／污秽 (wūhuì)
* 污言穢語／污言秽语
* 淫污穢臭／淫污秽臭
* 淫穢／淫秽 (yínhuì)
* 滓穢／滓秽
* 溷穢／溷秽
* 滌瑕蕩穢／涤瑕荡秽
* 滌穢蕩瑕／涤秽荡瑕
* 穢亂／秽乱 (huìluàn)
* 穢史／秽史
* 穢囊／秽囊
* 穢土／秽土 (huìtǔ)
* 穢德／秽德
* 穢惡／秽恶
* 穢氣／秽气
* 穢物／秽物 (huìwù)
* 穢罵／秽骂
* 穢草／秽草
* 穢行／秽行
* 穢言／秽言 (huìyán)
* 穢語／秽语 (huìyǔ)
* 穢語污言／秽语污言
* 穢跡／秽迹
* 自慚形穢／自惭形秽 (zìcánxínghuì)
* 自覺形穢／自觉形秽
* 芟穢／芟秽
* 蕩瑕滌穢／荡瑕涤秽
* 蕪穢／芜秽 (wúhuì)
* 附膻逐穢／附膻逐秽
* 除殘去穢／除残去秽

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: え (e)
* Kan-on: わい (wai)
* Kan’yō-on: あい (ai)
* Kun: けがれる (kegareru, 穢れる)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 穢
* けが(れ) Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 穢 – see the following entry. :
| 【けがれ】 | [noun] uncleanliness (non-physical); (religion) defilement [verb] imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of けがれる (kegareru) [ichidan] Alternative spellings 穢れ, 汚れ, 汚, 汚穢 |
(This term, 穢, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

穢: Hán Nôm readings: uế
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.