# ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ
## Coptic
### Etymology

From ⲉⲣ- (er-) +‎ ⲟⲩ- (ou-) +‎ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ (sarks).

### Verb

ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ • (erousarks)
* (Bohairic) to become flesh

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ erousarks | imperative | affirmative | ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ erousarks |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ štemerousarks | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pererousarks |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tierousarks | ⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ kerousarks | ⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ teerousarks | ϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ferousarks | ⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ serousarks | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tenerousarks | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tetenerousarks | ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ seerousarks | ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ erousarks |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eierousarks | ⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ekerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ereerousarks | ⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eferousarks | ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eserousarks | ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ enerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eretenerousarks | ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ euerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ere- erousarks |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etierousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etekerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eteerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eteferousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eteserousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etetenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etouerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ete- erousarks |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naierousarks | ⲛⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nakerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nareerousarks | ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naferousarks | ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naserousarks | ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nanerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naretenerousarks | ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nauerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nare- erousarks |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aierousarks | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ akerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ areerousarks | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aferousarks | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aserousarks | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ anerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aretenerousarks | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ auerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ are- erousarks |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tinaerousarks | ⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ khnaerousarks | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ teraerousarks | ϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ fnaerousarks | ⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ snaerousarks | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tennaerousarks | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tetennaerousarks | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ senaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naerousarks |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ einaerousarks | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ekhnaerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ erenaerousarks | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ efnaerousarks | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ esnaerousarks | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ennaerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eretennaerousarks | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eunaerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ere- naerousarks |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etinaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etekhnaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etenaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etefnaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etesnaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etennaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etetennaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etounaerousarks | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ete- naerousarks |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nainaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nakhnaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ narenaerousarks | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nafnaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nasnaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nannaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naretennaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ naunaerousarks | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nare- naerousarks |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ainaerousarks | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ akhnaerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ arenaerousarks | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ afnaerousarks | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ asnaerousarks | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ annaerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aretennaerousarks | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aunaerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ are- naerousarks |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aierousarks | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ akerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ areerousarks | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aferousarks | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aserousarks | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ anerousarks | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ atetenerousarks | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ auerousarks | ⲁ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ a- erousarks |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pierousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pekerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀peerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀peferousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀peserousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀petenerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pouerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pe- erousarks |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eaierousarks | ⲉⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eakerousarks | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eareerousarks | ⲉⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eaferousarks | ⲉⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ easerousarks | ⲉⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eanerousarks | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eatetenerousarks | ⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eauerousarks | ⲉⲁ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ea- erousarks |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pierousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pekerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀peerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀peferousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀peserousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀penerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀petenerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pouerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pe- erousarks |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaierousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etakerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etareerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaferousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaserousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etanerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaretenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etauerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eta- erousarks |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pierousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pekerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀peerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀peferousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀peserousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀penerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀petenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pouerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pe- erousarks |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neaierousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neakerousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neareerousarks | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neaferousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neaserousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neanerousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neatetenerousarks | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ neauerousarks | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nea- erousarks |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀pierousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀pekerousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀peerousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀peferousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀peserousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀penerousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀petenerousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀pouerousarks | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nem̀pe- erousarks |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaierousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etakerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etareerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaferousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaserousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etanerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etaretenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etauerousarks | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eta- erousarks |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀patierousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀patekerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pateerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pateferousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pateserousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀patenerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀patetenerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀patouerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pate- erousarks |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀patierousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀patekerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pateerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pateferousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pateserousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀patenerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀patetenerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀patouerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pate- erousarks |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀patierousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀patekerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pateerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pateferousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pateserousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀patenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀patetenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀patouerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pate- erousarks |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀patierousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀patekerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pateerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pateferousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pateserousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀patenerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀patetenerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀patouerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pate- erousarks |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šaierousarks | ϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šakerousarks | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šareerousarks | ϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šaferousarks | ϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šaserousarks | ϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šanerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatetenerousarks | ϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šauerousarks | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šare- erousarks |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀paierousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pakerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pareerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀paferousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀paserousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀panerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀paretenerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pauerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀pare- erousarks |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešaierousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešakerousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešareerousarks | ⲉϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešaferousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešaserousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešanerousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešatetenerousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešauerousarks | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ešare- erousarks |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paierousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pakerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pareerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paferousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paserousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀panerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paretenerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pauerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pare- erousarks |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšaierousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšakerousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšareerousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšaferousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšaserousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšanerousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšatetenerousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšauerousarks | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etšare- erousarks |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀paierousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pakerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pareerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀paferousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀paserousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀panerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀paretenerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pauerousarks | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ etm̀pare- erousarks |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našaierousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našakerousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našareerousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našaferousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našaserousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našanerousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našatetenerousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našauerousarks | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ našare- erousarks |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀paierousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pakerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pareerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀paferousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀paserousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀panerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀paretenerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pauerousarks | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ nam̀pare- erousarks |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paierousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pakerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pareerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paferousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paserousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀panerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀paretenerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pauerousarks | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ em̀pare- erousarks |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eieerousarks | ⲉⲕⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ekeerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ereerousarks | ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ efeerousarks | ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eseerousarks | ⲉⲛⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eneerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ereteneerousarks | ⲉⲩⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ eueerousarks | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ere- erousarks |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹnaerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹnekerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹneerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹneferousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹneserousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹnenerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹnetenerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹnouerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹne- erousarks |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ marierousarks | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ mareferousarks | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ mareserousarks | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ marenerousarks | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ marouerousarks | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ mare- erousarks |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthrierousarks | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthreferousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthreserousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthrenerousarks | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthreuerousarks | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ m̀penthre- erousarks |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹtaerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹtekerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹteerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹteferousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹteserousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹtenerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹtetenerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹseerousarks, ǹtouerousarks | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ ǹte- erousarks |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tarierousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tarekerousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tareerousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tareferousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tareserousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tarenerousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ taretenerousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tarouerousarks | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ tare- erousarks |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatierousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatekerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šateerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šateferousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šateserousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatenerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatetenerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šatouerousarks | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ šate- erousarks |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aišanerousarks | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ akšanerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ arešanerousarks | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ afšanerousarks | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ asšanerousarks | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ anšanerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aretenšanerousarks | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aušanerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ arešan- erousarks |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aierousarks | ⲁⲕⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ akerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ areerousarks | ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aferousarks | ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aserousarks | ⲁⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ anerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ aretenerousarks | ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ auerousarks | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ are- erousarks |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |