# 啙

| 啙 | U+5559, &#21849; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5559 |
| ← 啘 [U+5558] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 啚 → [U+555A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

啙 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜心口口 (YPRR), composition ⿱此吅)
* flaw, fault, defect
* bad, inferior, poor

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 196, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3828
* Dae Jaweon: page 417, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 652, character 14
* Unihan data for U+5559

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 啙
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 些 | *saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs |
| 跐 | *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ |
| 柴 | *zreː |
| 祡 | *zreː |
| 茈 | *zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze |
| 眦 | *zreːs |
| 砦 | *zraːds |
| 寨 | *zraːds, *slɯːɡ |
| 啙 | *ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ |
| 泚 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ |
| 玼 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze |
| 皉 | *sʰeːʔ |
| 鮆 | *zeːʔ, *ʔse |
| 眥 | *zeːs, *zes |
| 貲 | *ʔse |
| 髭 | *ʔse |
| 頾 | *ʔse |
| 訾 | *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 鴜 | *ʔse, *ze |
| 鈭 | *ʔse, *sʰe |
| 姕 | *ʔse, *sʰe, *ze |
| 觜 | *ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 紫 | *ʔseʔ |
| 訿 | *ʔseʔ |
| 呰 | *ʔseʔ |
| 嘴 | *ʔseʔ |
| 雌 | *sʰe |
| 此 | *sʰeʔ |
| 佌 | *sʰeʔ, *seʔ |
| 庛 | *sʰes |
| 疵 | *ze |
| 骴 | *ze, *zes |
| 胔 | *ze, *zes |
| 飺 | *ze |
| 齜 | *ʔsre |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zǐ, cǐ (zi$^3$, ci$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ, ㄘˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^3$
*** Yale: tsž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyy
*** Palladius: цы (cy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsej, tsjeX, dzejX
Rime :
| Character | 啙 | 啙 | 啙 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 支 (11) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 祖稽切 | 將此切 | 徂禮切 |
| Baxter | tsej | tsjeX | dzejX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sei/ | /t͡siᴇ$^X$/ | /d͡zei$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sei/ | /t͡siɛ$^X$/ | /d͡zei$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɛi/ | /t͡sjɛ$^X$/ | /d͡zɛi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɛj/ | /t͡siə̆$^X$/ | /d͡zɛj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sei/ | /t͡sie$^X$/ | /d͡zei$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡siei/ | /t͡sǐe$^X$/ | /d͡ziei$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡siei/ | /t͡sie̯$^X$/ | /d͡zʱiei$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jī | zǐ | jì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zai$^1$ | zi$^2$ | zai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseː/, /*zeːʔ/, /*ʔseʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 啙 | 啙 | 啙 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 1694 | 1699 | 1716 |
| Phonetic component | 此 | 此 | 此 |
| Rime group | 支 | 支 | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 齎 | 薺 | 紫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔseː/ | /*zeːʔ/ | /*ʔseʔ/ |

### Definitions

啙
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): し (shi)、せい (sei)、ざい (zai)、じ (ji)、せき (seki)、きょう (kyō)
* Kun: ゆがむ (yugamu)、これ (kore)、この (kono)

## Korean
### Hanja

啙 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.