# 制服
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhìfú
       (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi$^4$ fu$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zai$^3$ fuk$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zai$^1$ fuuk$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zi$^4$ fuh
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ-fu̍k
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zi$^4$ fug$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zi$^3$ feh$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cié-hŭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chè-ho̍k / chì-ho̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zi$^3$ hog$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsy-voq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhr$^4$ fu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhìfú
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhfú
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^4$-fu$^2$
*** Yale: jr̀-fú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhfwu
*** Palladius: чжифу (čžifu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fu³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$制服 至福
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zi$^4$ fu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zfu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹³ fu²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zai$^3$ fuk$^6$
*** Yale: jai fuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzai$^3$ fuk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zei$^3$ fug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐi̯³³ fʊk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zai$^1$ fuuk$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sai³³ fɵk̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^4$ fuh
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩³⁵ fuʔ²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ-fu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii fug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^4$ fug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵ fuk̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zi$^4$ fug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁵³ fʊk̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^3$ feh$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ fəʔ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cié-hŭk
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sie²¹³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(h-)}$uʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-ho̍k
*** Tâi-lô: tsè-ho̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zea'hok
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ hɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-ho̍k
*** Tâi-lô: tsì-ho̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cie'hok
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚¹²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zi$^3$ hog$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì ho̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hok̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsy-voq
*** MiniDict: tsy$^去$ voh
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsr-voq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³³ voʔ⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: zhr$^4$ fu
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁵ ɸu³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ ɸu³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyejH bjuwk
Rime :
| Character | 制 | 服 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 征例切 | 房六切 |
| Baxter | tsyejH | bjuwk |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇi$^H$/ | /bɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /biuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjæi$^H$/ | /biuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciaj$^H$/ | /buwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /biuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛi$^H$/ | /bĭuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛi$^H$/ | /bʱi̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhì | fú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zai$^3$ | fuk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tet-s [b]ək|[b]əʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kjeds bɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 制 | 服 | 服 | 服 | 服 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhì | fú | fú | fú | fù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyej$^H$ › | ‹ bjuwk › | ‹ bjuwk › | ‹ bjuwk › | ‹ bjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tet-s/ | /*[b]ək/ | /*[b]ək/ | /*[b]ək/ | /*[b]əʔ/ |
| English | cut out, prepare | quiver (n.) | garment; wear (v.) | subdue, submit | box of a carriage |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 制 | 服 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17377 | 3366 |
| Phonetic component | 制 | 服 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 制 | 伏 |
| Old Chinese | /*kjeds/ | /*bɯɡ/ |

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

制服
* to subdue; to overpower

##### Synonyms

* 收服 (shōufú)
* 治服 (zhìfú)
* 降伏 (xiángfú)
* 降服
* 馴服／驯服 (xùnfú)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

制服
* (clothing) uniform

##### Antonyms

* 便衣 (biànyī)

##### See also

* 軍服／军服 (jūnfú)
* 軍裝／军装 (jūnzhuāng)
* 校服 (xiàofú)

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

制服
* (literary) to regulate what one is allowed to wear (depending on social status)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

制服
* (literary) mourning garment

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 制 | 服 |
| せい Grade: 5 | ふく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーふく [sèéfúkú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟]

### Noun

制(せい)服(ふく) • (seifuku)
* (clothing) uniform

#### Synonyms

* ユニフォーム (yunifōmu)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 制 | 服 |

### Noun

制服 • (jebok) (hangeul 제복)
* hanja form of 제복 (“uniform”)