# 情態
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qíngtài
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^4$ taai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chêng-thài
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qíngtài
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cíngtài
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^2$-tʻai$^4$
*** Yale: chíng-tài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyngtay
*** Palladius: цинтай (cintaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^4$ taai$^3$
*** Yale: chìhng taai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^4$ taai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^4$ tai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng-thài
*** Tâi-lô: tsîng-thài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zengtaix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰai²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzjeng thojH
Rime :
| Character | 情 | 態 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 疾盈切 | 他代切 |
| Baxter | dzjeng | thojH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇŋ/ | /tʰʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛŋ/ | /tʰəi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ziæŋ/ | /tʰɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ziajŋ/ | /tʰəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛŋ/ | /tʰᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛŋ/ | /tʰɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ/ | /tʰɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qíng | tài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cing$^4$ | toi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]eŋ n̥ˤə-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zleŋ n̥ʰɯːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 情 | 態 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qíng | tài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzjeng › | ‹ thoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[dz]eŋ/ | /*n̥ˁə-s/ |
| English | affections; response to circumstances | bearing, manner |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 情 | 態 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11348 | 9410 |
| Phonetic component | 生 | 能 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 情 | 貸 |
| Old Chinese | /*zleŋ/ | /*n̥ʰɯːs/ |

### Noun

情態
* situation; condition; state
* demeanor; spirit; mood
* manner; style; modality
* (literary) look or expression of a person; mien; bearing
* (linguistics) modality

#### Synonyms

* (situation):
* 事態／事态 (shìtài) (especially negative)
* 光景 (guāngjǐng)
* 光陰／光阴 (guāngyīn) (Classical)
* 勢面／势面 (Hokkien)
* 境地 (jìngdì) (chiefly undesirable)
* 境況／境况 (jìngkuàng) (usually economic)
* 境遇 (jìngyù) (usually negative)
* 局勢／局势 (júshì)
* 局面 (júmiàn)
* 形勢／形势 (xíngshì)
* 情勢／情势 (qíngshì)
* 情境 (qíngjìng)
* 情況／情况 (qíngkuàng)
* 情狀／情状 (qíngzhuàng) (literary)
* 情節／情节 (qíngjié) (of a crime or mistake)
* 景況／景况 (jǐngkuàng) (chiefly of an economy or individual)
* 景象 (jǐngxiàng) (literary)
* 板面 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 樣子／样子 (yàngzi)
* 模樣／模样
* 狀況／状况 (zhuàngkuàng)
* (look):
* 目頭／目头 (Hokkien)
* 神情 (shénqíng)
* 神態／神态 (shéntài)
* 神色 (shénsè)
* 臉相／脸相 (liǎnxiàng)
* 臉色／脸色 (liǎnsè)
* 表情 (biǎoqíng)
* 面昌 (Hokkien)
* 面神 (Hokkien)
* 面色 (miànsè)

#### Derived terms

* 情態動詞／情态动词 (qíngtài dòngcí)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 情(じょう)態(たい) (jōtai)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 情 | 態 |
| じょう Grade: 5 | たい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 情態 – see the following entry. :
| 【状態じょうたい】 | [noun] the state or condition (of something at a certain time); (current) situation |
(This term, 情態, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :