# 與人為善
## Chinese

| | | and; to give; together withand; to give; together with; take part in; (interrog. part.) | man; person; people | because of; for; tobecause of; for; to; act as; take...to be; to be; to do; to serve as; to become | good |
| trad. (與人為善/與人爲善) | trad. (與人為善/與人爲善) | 與 | 人 | 為/爲 | 善 |
| simp. (与人为善) | simp. (与人为善) | 与 | 人 | 为 | 善 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǔrénwéishàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˇ ㄖㄣˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^5$ jan$^4$ wai$^4$ sin$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǔrénwéishàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˇ ㄖㄣˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǔrénwéishàn
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^3$-jên$^2$-wei$^2$-shan$^4$
*** Yale: yǔ-rén-wéi-shàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeurenweishann
*** Palladius: юйжэньвэйшань (jujžɛnʹvɛjšanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^5$ jan$^4$ wai$^4$ sin$^6$
*** Yale: yúh yàhn wàih sihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^5$ jan$^4$ wai$^4$ sin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^5$ yen$^4$ wei$^4$ xin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː¹³ jɐn²¹ wɐi̯²¹ siːn²²/
* Middle Chinese: yoX nyin hjwe dzyenX
Rime :
| Character | 與 | 人 | 為 | 善 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) | 日 (38) | 云 (35) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 眞 (43) | 支 (14) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 余吕切 | 如鄰切 | 薳支切 | 常演切 |
| Baxter | yoX | nyin | hjwe | dzyenX |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ$^X$/ | /ȵiɪn/ | /ɦˠiuᴇ/ | /d͡ʑiᴇn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ$^X$/ | /ȵin/ | /ɦʷᵚiɛ/ | /d͡ʑiɛn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ$^X$/ | /ȵʑjen/ | /ɣiuɛ/ | /d͡ʑjæn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆$^X$/ | /ȵin/ | /ɦjwiə̆/ | /d͡ʑian$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ$^X$/ | /ȵiĕn/ | /ɣjue/ | /ʑiɛn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo$^X$/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ | /ɣǐwe/ | /ʑĭɛn$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯wo$^X$/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ | /wie̯/ | /ʑi̯ɛn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǔ | rén | wéi | shàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^5$ | jan$^4$ | wai$^4$ | sin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-q(r)aʔ ni[ŋ] ɢʷ(r)aj [ɡ]e[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*laʔ njin ɢʷal ɡjenʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 與 | 人 | 為 | 善 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǔ | rén | wéi | shàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yo$^X$ › | ‹ nyin › | ‹ hjwe › | ‹ dzyen$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-q(r)aʔ/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ | /*ɢʷ(r)aj/ | /*[ɡ]e[n]ʔ/ |
| English | give; for; and | (other) person | make, do, act as | good |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 與 | 人 | 為 | 善 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 15901 | 10800 | | 11084 |
| Phonetic component | 舁 | 人 | 爲 | 善 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 眞 | 歌 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 仁 | 爲 | 善 |
| Old Chinese | /*laʔ/ | /*njin/ | /*ɢʷal/ | /*ɡjenʔ/ |
| Notes | 舁分化字 | | 俗爲字 | |

### Idiom

與人為善
* (literary) to do good with others; to help people practise virtue
* to be kind to others; to do good to others