# 慈姑
## Chinese
### Etymology

Concerning the name of the plant, Compendium of Materia Medica says:
    一根歲生十二子，如慈姑之乳諸子，故以名之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一根岁生十二子，如慈姑之乳诸子，故以名之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]Yī gēn suì shēng shí'èr zǐ, rú cígū zhī rǔ zhū zǐ, gù yǐ míng zhī. [Pinyin]One [arrowroot] yields twelve fruits, as a kind mother gives birth to many sons, hence it is so called.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cígū
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˊ ㄍㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ci$^4$ gu$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chû-ko͘
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zy-ku
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cígū → cígu (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˊ ㄍㄨ → ㄘˊ ˙ㄍㄨ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cíhgů
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^2$-ku$^5$
*** Yale: tsź-gu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr.gu
*** Palladius: цыгу (cygu)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ku⁵⁵/ → /t͡sʰz̩³⁵ g̊u³/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$慈姑 慈菇 茨菰
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ci$^4$ gu$^1$
*** Yale: chìh gū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsi$^4$ gu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qi$^4$ gu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiː²¹ kuː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chû-ko͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsû-koo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zu'kof
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁴⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zy-ku
*** MiniDict: zy$^去$ ku
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zr-ku
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²² ku⁴⁴/

### Noun

慈姑
* (literary) husband's mother; mother-in-law
* arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia)
* (dialectal) water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)

#### Synonyms

* (arrowhead):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 慈姑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 慈姑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 慈姑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 慈姑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 慈姑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 慈姑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 慈姑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 慈姑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 慈姑兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 慈姑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 慈姑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 慈姑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 慈姑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 慈姑 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 慈姑 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 慈姑 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 芽菇 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 慈姑 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 田藕 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 水菇囝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 慈姑 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Danyang | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 慈姑 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 慈姑 |
* (water chestnut):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 芍, 鳧茈, 鳧茨, 烏芋 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 荸薺 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 地梨兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 地梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 地梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 地梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 地梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 荸薺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 馬蹄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 荸薺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 荸薺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 荸薺, 地梨兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 荸薺, 地梨兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 荸薺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 荸薺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 荸薺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 荸薺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 荸薺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 地梨兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 地梨兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 地薺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 地薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 地梨兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 地梨兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 荸薺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 荸薺, 地梨子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 荸薺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 荸薺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 荸薺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 荸薺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 慈姑兒, 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 土菜瓜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 荸蒜兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 荸薺兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 荸球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 荸薺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 馬蹄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 馬蹄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 馬蹄, 蒲薺, 蒲慈 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 馬蹄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 荸薺子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 薺米 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 薺子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 荸薺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 荸薺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 田薺, 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 馬薺 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 馬蹄, 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 荸薺 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 荸薺 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 馬蹄子 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 馬蹄 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 馬薺 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 荸救 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 馬絲 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 慈姑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 馬薺, 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 馬薺, 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 馬薺, 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 馬蹄薺 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 薺蔥 |
| Hakka | Changting | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 馬薺, 馬薺子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 馬薺子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 荸薺 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 荸薺 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 荸薺 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 馬薯 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 馬錢 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 馬薺, 脆薯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 馬蹄子 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 馬蹄子 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 馬蹄子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 蹄子 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 馬薺 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 馬蹄 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 馬蹄 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 蒲薺 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Qiandaohu) | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Jiangjia) | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Meicheng) | 荸薺 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Shouchang) | 地荸薺 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 荸薺 |
| Jin | Jining | 地梨 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 地梨兒 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 地梨兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 地梨兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 荸薺 |
| Jin | Suide | 荸薺 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 莓薺 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 莓薺 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 莓薺, 網薺 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 蠓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 薺栗 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 水薺 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 莓薺 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 莓薺 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 田藕 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 田薺仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 田藕 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 田藕 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 馬薺蔥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 馬薺 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 荸薺 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 馬蹄 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 馬薺, 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 田藕 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 馬薺, 荸薺 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 馬蹄 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 錢蔥 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 馬蹄子 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 馬蹄子 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 馬蹄子 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 莓薺 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 莓薺 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 馬薺 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 馬薺 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 馬薺 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 馬蹄 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 馬蹄 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 馬蹄 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Shajing) | 馬蹄 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang (Xinqiao) | 馬蹄 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 荸薺 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 荸薺 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 荸薺 |
| Northern Pinghua | Yangshuo (Jima) | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 荸薺, 地栗 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 地栗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Danyang | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 蒲薺, 地栗 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 荸薺 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 蒲薺 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 糖蒲薺 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 荸薺, 荸薺子, 慈姑子 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 慈姑子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 慈姑子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 慈姑子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 馬蹄 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 馬蹄 |

#### Derived terms

* 慈姑兒／慈姑儿
* 慈姑子
* 慈姑椗 (ci4 gu1 ding3)

#### Descendants

* → Macanese: chicú

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 慈 | 姑 |
| くわい ||
| Grade: S | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun ||

### Etymology

Unknown. One theory suggests that this is an alteration from 川芋 (kawa imo, “river tuber”), but the old kana spelling of くわゐ (kuwawi) for 慈姑 does not match the old kana spelling of かはうも (kafaumo) for 川芋. This is more likely a compound of 鍬 (kuwa, “plow”), from the shape of the leaves, plus an unknown element ゐ (wi).
The kanji are an orthographic borrowing from Chinese name for this plant.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くわい [kùwáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kɯ̟β̞a̠i]

### Noun

慈姑(くわい) or 慈姑(クワイ) • (kuwai)
* arrowhead, Sagittaria trifolia var. edulis, cultivated since ancient times for its edible bulb

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クワイ.

#### Derived terms

* 黒慈姑(くろぐわい) (kuroguwai)
* 白慈姑(しろぐわい) (shiroguwai)
* 麦慈姑(むぎぐわい) (mugiguwai)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN