# 勾

| 勾 | U+52FE, &#21246; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52FE |
| ← 勽 [U+52FD] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 勿 → [U+52FF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

勾 (Kangxi radical 20, 勹+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心戈 (PI), four-corner 2772$_0$, composition ⿹勹厶)

#### Derived characters

* 㘬 抅 构 沟 鈎(钩) 䩓 芶 𪜩 𠯜 𡵺 𢗕 𣧔 𤖮 𭷖 𥐾 𧘤 𥩞 𦨛 𮗣 𧰴 𧵈 𨊵 𩚘 𩵻 𫚱 𪐯 𪖙 𡖜 𢄇 𥡚 𪚭 𠚸 𠣛 𢼃 𠅱 𤵆 𥬉 𮮢 𪚵
* 𰫛(𬘗) (Nonstandard simplified form of 絇)
* 购 (Simplified form of 購)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 150, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2500
* Dae Jaweon: page 339, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 256, character 3
* Unihan data for U+52FE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |
Variant of 句, via 口 → 厶.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōu (gou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kiêu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gêu$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): gou$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gĕu / gău
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kio / ko͘ / kau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$keu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gou
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^1$
*** Yale: gōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Yale: ngāu / gāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngeo$^1$ / geo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐu̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gieu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gêu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /keu⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kəu¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕu / gău
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛu⁵⁵/, /kau⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio
*** Tâi-lô: kio
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kioy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kio³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘
*** Tâi-lô: koo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kof
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau
*** Tâi-lô: kau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³/
* kio/ko͘ - literary;
* kau - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: kuw
Rime :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古侯切 |
| Baxter | kuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ku/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gōu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁ(r)o/ |
| English | curved |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 7061 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鉤 |
| Old Chinese | /*koː/ |
| Notes | 句轉註字，王韻注爲俗體 |

##### Definitions

勾
* to bend; to curve; to crook; to hook
* to draw; to delineate
* to tick; to mark; to tick off
* to cut off or cut out; to strike out; to cross out
* to entice; to induce; to attract
* to smear; to apply
* (literary, or in compounds) to collude; to conspire
* (cooking, literary, or in compounds) to mix thoroughly to make something thicken
* (literary, or in compounds) to get; to call; to summon
* (literary, or in compounds) to catch; to arrest
* (historical geometry) shorter leg of a right triangle
* numeral nine (used in radio communications in aviation and by the military)
    See also: 九
* a surname

###### Synonyms

* (to entice):
* 吸 (xī)
* 吸引 (xīyǐn)
* 抓 (zhuā)
* 招引 (zhāoyǐn)
* 誘惑／诱惑 (yòuhuò)
* 逗 (dòu)
* (to collude with):
* 串 (literary, or in compounds)
* 串通 (chuàntōng)
* 交通 (jiāotōng) (Classical)
* 勾搭 (gōuda)
* 勾結／勾结 (gōujié)
* 勾通 (gōutōng)
* 拍通套 (Hokkien)
* 斗空 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 結構／结构 (jiégòu) (archaic)
* (to smear): 塗抹／涂抹 (túmǒ)
* (to mix thoroughly): 調製／调制 (tiáozhì)

###### Coordinate terms

* (geometry): 股 (gǔ)

##### Compounds

* 一筆勾／一笔勾
* 一筆勾斷／一笔勾断
* 一筆勾消／一笔勾消 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
* 一筆勾銷／一笔勾销 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
* 不付能勾
* 不甫能勾
* 不能勾
* 勾串
* 勾乙
* 勾使
* 勾使鬼
* 勾勒 (gōulè)
* 勾勾搭搭
* 勾司人
* 勾喚／勾唤
* 勾大引小
* 勾尺
* 勾帳／勾帐
* 勾幹／勾干
* 勾引 (gōuyǐn)
* 勾心鬥角／勾心斗角 (gōuxīndòujiǎo)
* 勾情
* 勾批
* 勾抹
* 勾拽
* 勾捉
* 勾提
* 勾搭 (gōuda)
* 勾摹
* 勾擾／勾扰
* 勾攝／勾摄
* 勾攝公事／勾摄公事
* 勾斷／勾断
* 勾欄／勾栏 (gōulán)
* 勾欄使者／勾栏使者
* 勾死人
* 勾死鬼
* 勾決／勾决
* 勾消
* 勾牽／勾牵
* 勾留 (gōuliú)
* 勾畫／勾画 (gōuhuà)
* 勾眉
* 勾稽
* 勾管
* 勾結／勾结 (gōujié)
* 勾股 (gōugǔ)
* 勾股形
* 勾肩搭背
* 勾臉／勾脸
* 勾臉譜／勾脸谱
* 勾芡 (gōuqiàn)
* 勾萌
* 勾號／勾号 (gōuhào)
* 勾軍／勾军
* 勾追
* 勾通 (gōutōng)
* 勾連／勾连 (gōulián)
* 勾銷／勾销 (gōuxiāo)
* 勾闌／勾阑
* 勾除
* 勾頭／勾头
* 勾魂
* 勾魂攝魄／勾魂摄魄
* 地府勾牌
* 官商勾結／官商勾结 (guānshānggōujié)
* 幾能勾／几能勾
* 廝勾／厮勾
* 打勾 (dǎgōu)
* 打勾勾
* 營勾／营勾
* 盼辰勾
* 管勾
* 茄勾
* 裡勾外連／里勾外连
* 贏勾／赢勾
* 辰勾
* 辰勾盼月
* 返勾
* 鷹勾鼻／鹰勾鼻

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gòu (gou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ
* Eastern Min (BUC): gēu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^4$
*** Yale: gòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gēu
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛu³³/
* Middle Chinese: kuwH
Rime :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古候切 |
| Baxter | kuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ku$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)ok-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gòu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁ(r)ok-s/ |
| English | loan for 彀 draw a bow to the full |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 勾 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 7079 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遘 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːs/ |

##### Definitions

勾
* trap; trick
* Alternative form of 夠／够 (gòu, “to be enough; to be sufficient; to reach; can”)

##### Compounds

* 不勾
* 勾當／勾当
* 有勾當／有勾当
* 能勾 (nénggòu)
* 足勾 (zúgòu)
* 非法勾當／非法勾当

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 勾 – see 鉤 (“hook; barb; sickle; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 鉤).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* “勾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* be bent

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kun: まがる (magaru, 勾がる)、とらえる (toraeru, 勾える)、かぎ (kagi)、のぞく (nozoku)

## Korean
### Hanja

勾 • (gu, gwi) (hangeul 구, 귀, revised gu, gwi, McCune–Reischauer ku, kwi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

勾: Hán Nôm readings: câu, cấu, cú
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.