# 親友
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīnyǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣ ㄧㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): can$^1$ jau$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-yû
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhin-iú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cing$^1$ iu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīnyǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄧㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cinyǒu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^1$-yu$^3$
*** Yale: chīn-yǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinyeou
*** Palladius: цинью (cinʹju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: can$^1$ jau$^5$
*** Yale: chān yáuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsan$^1$ jau$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cen$^1$ yeo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵ jɐu̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-yû
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ iu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ yiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯u²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-yû
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ (r)iu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ yiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯u²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-iú
*** Tâi-lô: tshin-iú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chin'iuo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² iu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰin³³ iu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² iu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ iu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ iu⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cing$^1$ iu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing iú
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ³³⁻²³ iu⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: tshin hjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 親 | 友 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 七人切 | 云久切 |
| Baxter | tshin | hjuwX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiɪn/ | /ɦɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰin/ | /ɦiu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰjen/ | /ɣiəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰin/ | /ɦuw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiĕn/ | /ɣiu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭĕn/ | /ɣĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯ĕn/ | /i̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qīn | yǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | can$^1$ | jau$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]i[n] [ɢ]ʷəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰin ɢʷɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 親 | 友 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qīn | yǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshin › | ‹ hjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tsʰ]i[n]/ | /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/ |
| English | close; parents | friend |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 親 | 友 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13804 | 15596 |
| Phonetic component | 辛 | 又 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 親 | 有 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰin/ | /*ɢʷɯʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文親（同榛）聲 | |

### Noun

親友
* (collective) friends and relatives
* (Classical) close friend

#### Synonyms

* (friends and relatives): 親朋／亲朋 (qīnpéng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 親友(しんゆう) (shin'yū)
* → Korean: 친우(親友) (chinu)
* → Vietnamese: thân hữu (親友)

### Verb

親⫽友 (verb-object)
* (Classical) to get close to

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 親 | 友 |
| しん Grade: 2 | ゆう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんゆう [shìń'yúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩɰ̃jɯ̟ː]

### Noun

親(しん)友(ゆう) • (shin'yū)
* close friend, bosom buddy
** 1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “テレパ椎(しい) [Telepathinkapin]”, in カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 386:おれたちや親友だな！そうだな そうだ　そうだOre-tachi ya shin’yū da na! Sō da na Sō da Sō daWe are bosom buddies! Yes, we are. Yes, we are. Yes, we are.
* crony, chum

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 親 | 友 |

### Noun

親友 • (chinu) (hangeul 친우)
* hanja form of 친우 (“friend; best friend”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 親 | 友 |

### Noun

親友
* chữ Hán form of thân hữu (“relative; friends”).