# 大辟
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàpì
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄆㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daai$^6$ pik$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàpì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄆㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàpì
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^4$-pʻi$^4$
*** Yale: dà-pì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahpih
*** Palladius: дапи (dapi)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^6$ pik$^1$
*** Yale: daaih pīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^6$ pik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^6$ pig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯²² pʰɪk̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dajH|daH phjiek
Rime :
| Character | 大 | 大 | 辟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 歌 (94) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | III |
| Fanqie | 徒蓋切 | 唐佐切 | 芳辟切 |
| Baxter | dajH | daH | phjiek |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /pʰiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /pʰiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /pʰiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daj$^H$/ | /da$^H$/ | /pʰiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /pʰiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /pʰĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑi$^H$/ | /dʱɑ$^H$/ | /pʰi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dài | duò | pi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | daai$^6$ | do$^6$ | pik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤat-s|lˤa[t]-s
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːds pʰeɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 大 | 大 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dà | dà |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ da$^H$ › | ‹ daj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁat-s/ (MC F!) | /*lˁa[t]-s/ |
| English | big | big |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 大 | 大 | 辟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 2/3 |
| No. | 1934 | 1939 | 682 |
| Phonetic component | 大 | 大 | 辟 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 祭 | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䭾 | 大 | 僻 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːds/ | /*daːds/ | /*pʰeɡ/ |

#### Noun

大辟
* (historical) capital punishment; decapitation (one of the Five Punishments in feudal China)
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Qí sǐzuì, zé yuē “mǒu zhī zuì zài dàpì”; qí xíngzuì, zé yuē “mǒu zhī zuì zài xiǎopì”. [Pinyin]
    If the penalty were death, he would say, “The offence of So and So is a capital crime.” If the penalty were less, he would say, “The offence of So and So has received a lighter sentence.”

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 死刑, 極刑, 大辟 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 死刑, 極刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 死刑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 死刑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 死刑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 死刑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 死刑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 死刑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 死刑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 死刑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 死刑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 死刑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 死刑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 死刑 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 死刑 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 死刑, 殺刮 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 死刑 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 死刑 |
| Jin | Datong | 死刑 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 死刑 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 死刑 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 死刑 |
| Jin | Linhe | 死刑 |
| Jin | Jining | 死刑 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 死刑 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 死刑 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 死刑 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 死刑 |
| Jin | Handan | 死刑 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 死刑 |
| Jin | Suide | 死刑 |

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 大辟 – see 大闢 (“David”). (This term is the simplified form of 大闢).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.