# 祖媽
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chó͘-má
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘-má
*** Tâi-lô: tsóo-má
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zofmar
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ mã⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mã⁴¹/

### Noun

祖媽
* (Southern Min) great-grandmother (particularly paternal grandfather's mother)
* (Mainland China Hokkien, vulgar) another's great-grandmother (usually referring to the speaker to insult someone)
* (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) female ancestor

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 曾祖母 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老祖兒, 女老祖兒, 老祖奶奶, 老太太 Hui, 太太 suburbs, 曾祖母 non-face-to-face |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 曾祖母 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 太奶 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 老太太, 太奶, 曾祖母 non-face-to-face |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 老奶奶 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 老太, 老太婆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 老娘 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 太 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 太太 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 老太太 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 太奶奶 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 太太 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 太太 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 祖祖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 老太, 老奶奶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 老祖祖, 老祖, 祖祖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 太太 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 太婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 太奶奶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 太太, 太婆, 女太太 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 太嫲, 太婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 太嫲, 太婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 太婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 阿太 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 太婆 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 阿白, 白婆 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 阿白 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 太婆 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 太婆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 太婆 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 太婆 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 老婆婆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 阿太, 婆太 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 婆白 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 阿婆太 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 老太婆 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 阿白 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 阿太 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 阿太 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Changting | 太婆, 婆太 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 太太 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 太太 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 婦娘太 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 婆太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 婆太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 阿太, 細妹太, 婆太, 阿婆太 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 婆太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 阿太, 婆太 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 婆太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 阿太 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 太婆 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 祖婆 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 祖婆, 太婆 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 婆祖 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 婆祖 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 婆佬 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 阿婆太 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 婆太 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 太媽 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 婆太 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 太婦 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 太奶 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 太婆, 老太太 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 老奶 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 老娘娘啊 face-to-face, 老娘娘 non-face-to-face |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 太婆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 大媽 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 大媽 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 大婆 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 大媽 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 大婆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 大媽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 阿祖 face-to-face, 俺祖 face-to-face, 太媽 non-face-to-face, 祖媽 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 太媽, 阿太, 祖媽 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 阿祖 face-to-face, 老祖仔 non-face-to-face, 祖媽 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 阿祖媽 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 祖太 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 查某祖 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 老婆, 祖媽 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 太媽, 阿太 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 老, 老老, 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 尼祖, 祖 face-to-face |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 老祖, 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 祖婆, 婆祖, 婆祖媽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 大媽 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 大媽 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 太婆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 太奶, 祖婆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 太婆, 太太, 女太太, 曾祖母 non-face-to-face |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 太婆, 太太 face-to-face |
| Wu | Suzhou | 太太 |
| Wu | Danyang | 太嫚嫚, 太婆 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 阿太, 太娘娘, 太婆 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 太婆, 阿太 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 女老太, 女太, 阿太, 老太 non-face-to-face |
| Wu | Jinhua | 太太, 太婆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 曾祖母 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 老毑 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 太婆 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 太婆 |