# 率先
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shuàixiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seot$^1$ sin$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): soài-sian / sut-sian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zug$^4$ soin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shuàixiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shuàisian
*** Wade–Giles: shuai$^4$-hsien$^1$
*** Yale: shwài-syān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuayshian
*** Palladius: шуайсянь (šuajsjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$帥先／帅先 率先
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seot$^1$ sin$^1$
*** Yale: sēut sīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soet$^7$ sin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêd$^1$ xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵt̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soài-sian
*** Tâi-lô: suài-sian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soaesiefn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /suai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /suai²¹⁻⁵³ siɛn⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sut-sian
*** Tâi-lô: sut-sian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sutsiefn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sut̚³²⁻⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sut̚³²⁻⁵ siɛn⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zug$^4$ soin$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuk soiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suk̚²⁻⁴ sõĩ³³/

### Verb

率先
* to take the lead; to show initiative; to be the first; to set an example

#### Synonyms

* 帶頭／带头 (dàitóu)
* 打頭陣／打头阵 (dǎ tóuzhèn)
* 拉頭纜／拉头缆 (laai$^1$ tau$^4$ laam$^6$) (Cantonese)
* 拍頭陣／拍头阵 (pah$^4$ tao$^5$ ding$^7$) (Teochew)
* 㧣頭陣／㧣头阵 (Hokkien)
* 擎頭／擎头 (Hakka)
* 牽頭／牵头 (qiāntóu)
* 起頭／起头 (qǐtóu)
* 領頭／领头 (lǐngtóu) (colloquial)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 率(そっ)先(せん) (sossen)
* → Korean: 솔선(率先) (solseon)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 率 | 先 |
| そつ > そっ Grade: 5 | せん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | on'yomi |
* Alternative spellings
* 帥先 (uncommon) 卒先 (uncommon, proscribed)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) そっせん [sòsséń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [so̞sːẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

率(そっ)先(せん) • (sossen)
* taking the initiative, taking the lead

#### Derived terms

* 率(そっ)先(せん)躬(きゅう)行(こう) (sossen kyūkō)
* 率(そっ)先(せん)垂(すい)範(はん) (sossen suihan)
* 率(そっ)先(せん)避(ひ)難(なん) (sossen hinan)

### Verb

率(そっ)先(せん)する • (sossen suru) intransitive suru (stem 率(そっ)先(せん)し (sossen shi), past 率(そっ)先(せん)した (sossen shita))
* to take the initiative, to take the lead

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 率先し | そっせんし | sossen shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 率先し | そっせんし | sossen shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 率先する | そっせんする | sossen suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 率先する | そっせんする | sossen suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 率先すれ | そっせんすれ | sossen sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 率先せよ¹ 率先しろ² | そっせんせよ¹ そっせんしろ² | sossen seyo¹ sossen shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 率先される | そっせんされる | sossen sareru |
| Causative | 率先させる 率先さす | そっせんさせる そっせんさす | sossen saseru sossen sasu |
| Potential | 率先できる | そっせんできる | sossen dekiru |
| Volitional | 率先しよう | そっせんしよう | sossen shiyō |
| Negative | 率先しない | そっせんしない | sossen shinai |
| Negative continuative | 率先せず | そっせんせず | sossen sezu |
| Formal | 率先します | そっせんします | sossen shimasu |
| Perfective | 率先した | そっせんした | sossen shita |
| Conjunctive | 率先して | そっせんして | sossen shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 率先すれば | そっせんすれば | sossen sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 率 | 先 |

### Noun

率先 • (solseon) (hangeul 솔선)
* hanja form of 솔선