# جندر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English gender.

#### Noun

جِنْدَر • (jindar) m
* gender identity

### Etymology 2

By surface natively derived as from the root ج د ر (j-d-r). Maybe from Classical Persian جندر (jandar, “clothes”) or جندره (jandara, “calender, mangle; smoothening”) in the sense of giving a new look to something, as the present verb is said to specifically apply to garments or fabrics, and writing materials.

#### Verb

جَنْدَرَ • (jandara) Iq (non-past يُجَنْدِرُ (yujandiru), verbal noun جَنْدَرَة (jandara)) (Classical Arabic)
* to restore, to reestablish, to renew the figure of

##### Conjugation
#### References

* Classical Arabic dictionaries s.v.
* Freytag, Georg (1830) “جندر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 313
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “جندر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, page 338b
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “جندر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 389c
* Sawa, George Dimitri ((Can we date this quote?)) Musical and Socio-Cultural Anecdotes from Kitāb al-Aghānī al-Kabīr. Annotated Translations and Commentaries (Islamic History and Civilization; 159) (in Arabic), Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 262

## Egyptian Arabic

* Root
* ج ن د ر
* 1 term

### Etymology

Denominal verb of جندرة (gandara).

### Verb

جندر • (gandar) Iq
* to mangle, to calender, to press by roll

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of جندر (form-Iq) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | جندرت (gandart) | جندرت (gandart) | جندر (gandar) | جندرنا (gandarna) | جندرتوا (gandartu) | جندروا (gandaru) |
| past | f | جندرت (gandart) | جندرتي (gandarti) | جندرت (gandarit) | جندرنا (gandarna) | جندرتوا (gandartu) | جندروا (gandaru) |
| present subjunctive | m | اجندر (agandar) | تجندر (tigandar) | يجندر (yigandar) | نجندر (nigandar) | تجندروا (tigandaru) | يجندروا (yigandaru) |
| present subjunctive | f | اجندر (agandar) | تجندري (tigandari) | تجندر (tigandar) | نجندر (nigandar) | تجندروا (tigandaru) | يجندروا (yigandaru) |
| present indicative | m | بجندر (bagandar) | بتجندر (bitgandar) | بيجندر (biygandar) | بنجندر (bingandar) | بتجندروا (bitgandaru) | بيجندروا (biygandaru) |
| present indicative | f | بجندر (bagandar) | بتجندري (bitgandari) | بتجندر (bitgandar) | بنجندر (bingandar) | بتجندروا (bitgandaru) | بيجندروا (biygandaru) |
| future | m | حجندر (ḥagandar) | حتجندر (ḥatgandar) | حيجندر (ḥaygandar) | حنجندر (ḥangandar) | حتجندروا (ḥatgandaru) | حيجندروا (ḥaygandaru) |
| future | f | حجندر (ḥagandar) | حتجندري (ḥatgandari) | حتجندر (ḥatgandar) | حنجندر (ḥangandar) | حتجندروا (ḥatgandaru) | حيجندروا (ḥaygandaru) |
| imperative | m | | جندر (gandar) | | | جندروا (gandaru) | |
| imperative | f | | جندري (gandari) | | | جندروا (gandaru) | |

### References

* Hinds, Martin, Badawi, El-Said (1986) A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic‎, Beirut: Librairie du Liban, page 175a
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020) “جندر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 156b

## Persian
### Etymology

May have been obtained by back-formation from جندره (jandara), if Morgenstierne is not right to deny this by reason that the suffix ـه (-a) has not been used in the sense of an instrument employed in handling the thing which the original word denotes; this could be otherwise if, as a consequence of that word’s Indian origin, the present word was considered an Arabism with the suffix ـَة (-a) or a form Iq verbal noun, although even with جَنْدَرَ (jandara, “to renew the figure of”) existing there wouldn’t likely be a noun of place of this form; or if another Iranian language did her part.

### Noun

جندر • (jandar)
* clothes
* place to keep clothes or also other domestic implements

### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “جندر”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* Vullers, Johann August (1855) “جندر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 532b
* Morgenstierne, Georg (1923) “Iranian Notes”, in Acta Orientalia, volume 1, Leiden: E.J. Brill, page 264 of 245–284