# 甾

| 甾 | U+753E, &#30014; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-753E |
| ← 甽 [U+753D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甿 → [U+753F] |
| 甾 | U+2F936, &#194870; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F936 |
| ← 𤰶 [U+2F935] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 𤲒 → [U+2F937] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甾 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女女田 (VVW), four-corner 2260$_0$, composition ⿱巛田)

#### Derived characters

* 崰, 椔, 淄, 㿳, 䅔, 緇(缁), 䎩, 䐉, 輜(辎), 錙(锱), 鯔(鲻), 㓯, 䣎, 鶅(𱊎), 疀, 菑
* 𤉣, 𪺟, 𥓲, 𥚉, 𧱥, 𩋝, 𩜊, 𩗮, 𨿴, 𪋍, 𤱽, 𤱾, 𤳤, 𤲑, 𤳊, 𤳫, 𤳲, 𤳯, 𤴅, 𧇄, 𡙂, 𡸟, 𣓩, 𤲙, 𧑳
* 𭘦, 𭸖, 𰏛, 𮖓, 𮪌, 𰏆, 𰃱, 𫳗, 𰣇, 𫻾, 𬌊, 𬯞

#### See also

* 湽, 輺, 鍿, 𤱹, 葘, 𧇕, 𦿨

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 759, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21742
* Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2531, character 5
* Unihan data for U+753E
* Unihan data for U+2F936

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 輜 | *ʔsrɯ, *sʰrɯ |
| 淄 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 錙 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 緇 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 甾 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 菑 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsɯː, *ʔsɯː |
| 鶅 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsrɯs |
| 椔 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsrɯs |
| 鯔 | *ʔsrɯ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯ) : phonetic 𠙹 + semantic 田 (“cropfield”), attested since Qin State of Warring States period. Evolved later into various different shapes – ⿱𠀐田, 𱰭, and 甾 (Chen, 2021).
The "container" sense was of a different character – 𠙹 – attested since oracle bones script. This sense was conflated with 甾 later, as in Middle Chinese rime books (ibid.) See the entry 𠙹 for more.
This character was practically obsolete before it was revived as a modern translation for steroid. It is also a pictogram (象形) in this sense; the upper part represents the three side chains on the ring system, and the 田 component represents the tetracyclic core of steroids. See the image on right.
Smith (2011) interprets the oracle bone glyph as depicting the new moon and proposes that it originally wrote a word *ts[r]əʔ "darkened phase" i.e. "new moon", related to 緇 (OC *tsrə) "blackened", 菑 (OC *tsrə) "field cleared by slash and burn", 淄 (OC *tsrə) "murky (water)". Lunar meaning is also present in 臘／腊 (là) of which this character is the upper-right component.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Who and when repurposed this character as steroid though?”)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zī (zi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zī
*** Zhuyin: ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zih
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^1$
*** Yale: dz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsri
Rime :
| Character | 甾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 側持切 |
| Baxter | tsri |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃiə/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃĭə/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17824 |
| Phonetic component | 甾 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葘 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsrɯ/ |
| Notes | 同菑 |

#### Definitions

甾
* Alternative form of 𠙹 (zī, “a kind of container”)
* (～水) Original form of 淄 (zī, “Zi River, a river in Shandong province”).
* Alternative form of 𨿴 (zī, “a kind of pheasant”)
* Alternative form of 菑 (zī, “one-year-old cropfield”)
* (historical) An ancient placename.

#### Compounds

* 甾丘
* 甾川
* 甾縣／甾县
* 臨甾／临甾

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zāi (zai$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chir / chu / chai
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zai
*** Wade–Giles: tsai$^1$
*** Yale: dzāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzai
*** Palladius: цзай (czaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zoi$^1$
*** Yale: jōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zoi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir
*** Tâi-lô: tsir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chai
*** Tâi-lô: tsai
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zay
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sai⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai³³/

#### Definitions

* 甾
甾
* Alternative form of 災／灾 (zāi, “calamity; disaster”)
* (～族, ～體) (biochemistry) steroid

#### Compounds

* 孕甾酮
* 植物甾醇
* 甾族
* 甾族化合物
* 甾核
* 甾烷
* 甾環／甾环
* 甾酮
* 甾醇
* 甾類／甾类
* 甾體／甾体 (zāitǐ)
* 皮質甾醇／皮质甾醇
* 睪甾酮／睾甾酮
* 羊毛甾醇 (yángmáozāichún)
* 雄甾烯酮
* 雄甾烯醇
* 雄甾酮
* 雌甾四烯
* 非甾體抗炎藥／非甾体抗炎药 (fēizāitǐ kàngyányào)
* 非那甾胺 (fēinàzāi'àn)
* 麥角甾醇／麦角甾醇
* 黃體甾酮／黄体甾酮

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: さい (sai)、し (shi)
* Kan-on: さい (sai)、し (shi)
* Kun: かめ (kame, 甾)

## Korean
### Hanja

甾 • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae)
* pheasant
* an ancient pottery
* calamity

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甾: Hán Nôm readings: tai
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.