# 沉痛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéntòng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˊ ㄊㄨㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^4$ tung$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tîm-thòng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dim$^5$ tong$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéntòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ ㄊㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéntòng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻên$^2$-tʻung$^4$
*** Yale: chén-tùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherntonq
*** Palladius: чэньтун (čɛnʹtun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^4$ tung$^3$
*** Yale: chàhm tung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^4$ tung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^4$ tung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm²¹ tʰʊŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîm-thòng
*** Tâi-lô: tîm-thòng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dimtoxng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tim²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tim²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tim¹³⁻²² tʰɔŋ²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dim$^5$ tong$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tîm thòng
*** Sinological IPA : /tim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: drim thuwngH
Rime :
| Character | 沉 | 痛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 直深切 | 他貢切 |
| Baxter | drim | thuwngH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiɪm/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚim/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiem/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖjim/ | /tʰəwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡjəm/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭĕm/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯əm/ | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chén | tòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cam$^4$ | tung$^3$ |

### Adjective

沉痛
* deeply grieved; sorrowful
* (of an experience) deeply felt; bitter

#### Synonyms

* (deeply grieved):
* 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
* 傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
* 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
* 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
* 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
* 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
* 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
* 刺心 (cìxīn)
* 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
* 哀切 (āiqiè)
* 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
* 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
* 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
* 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
* 哀痛 (āitòng)
* 心酸 (xīnsuān)
* 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
* 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
* 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
* 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
* 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
* 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
* 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
* 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
* 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
* 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
* 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
* 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
* 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
* 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
* 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
* 悲戚 (bēiqī)
* 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
* 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
* 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
* 悲痛 (bēitòng)
* 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
* 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
* 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
* 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
* 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
* 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
* 慘／惨 (cǎn)
* 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
* 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
* 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
* 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
* 慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
* 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
* 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
* 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
* 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
* 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
* 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
* 淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
* 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
* 痛心 (tòngxīn)
* 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
* 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
* 酸心 (suānxīn)
* 難受／难受 (nánshòu)
* 難過／难过 (nánguò)
* 青凊 (Hokkien)
* 黯然 (ànrán)