# 漂流
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piāoliú
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): piu$^1$ lau$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phêu-liù
* Northern Min (KCR): piáu-liǔ
* Eastern Min (BUC): piĕu-liù
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phiau-liû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): piao$^1$ liu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piāoliú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: piaolióu
*** Wade–Giles: pʻiao$^1$-liu$^2$
*** Yale: pyāu-lyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piauliou
*** Palladius: пяолю (pjaolju)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: piu$^1$ lau$^4$
*** Yale: pīu làuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: piu$^1$ lau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: piu$^1$ leo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phêu-liù
*** Hakka Romanization System: peu$^ˊ$ liu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: peu$^1$ liu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰeu̯²⁴ li̯u¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: piáu-liǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiau⁵⁴ liu²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: piĕu-liù
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰieu⁵⁵ l̃ieu⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau-liû
*** Tâi-lô: phiau-liû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiauliuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiau³³ liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: piao$^1$ liu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiau liû
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: phjiew ljuw
Rime :
| Character | 漂 | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 撫招切 | 力求切 |
| Baxter | phjiew | ljuw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇu/ | /lɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛu/ | /liu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæu/ | /liəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰiaw/ | /luw/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛu/ | /liu/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛu/ | /lĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛu/ | /li̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piāo | liú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | piu$^1$ | lau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰew ru/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | liú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*ru/ |
| English | flow (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漂 | 流 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9753 | 8335 |
| Phonetic component | 票 | 流 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 爂 | 劉 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰew/ | /*ru/ |
| Notes | | 或爲毓省聲 |

### Verb

漂流
* to drift about on water; to float; to be adrift
* (figurative) to drift along; to lead a wandering existence
* (sports) to go white-water rafting

#### Synonyms

* (to drift about on water): 漂泊 (piāobó)

#### Derived terms

* 漂流物
* 隨波漂流／随波漂流

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 漂 | 流 |
| ひょう Grade: S | りゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひょーりゅう [hyòóryúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ço̞ːɾʲɨː]

### Noun

漂(ひょう)流(りゅう) • (hyōryū)
* drifting

### Verb

漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)する • (hyōryū suru) intransitive suru (stem 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)し (hyōryū shi), past 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)した (hyōryū shita))
* to drift

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 漂流し | ひょうりゅうし | hyōryū shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 漂流し | ひょうりゅうし | hyōryū shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 漂流する | ひょうりゅうする | hyōryū suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 漂流する | ひょうりゅうする | hyōryū suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 漂流すれ | ひょうりゅうすれ | hyōryū sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 漂流せよ¹ 漂流しろ² | ひょうりゅうせよ¹ ひょうりゅうしろ² | hyōryū seyo¹ hyōryū shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 漂流される | ひょうりゅうされる | hyōryū sareru |
| Causative | 漂流させる 漂流さす | ひょうりゅうさせる ひょうりゅうさす | hyōryū saseru hyōryū sasu |
| Potential | 漂流できる | ひょうりゅうできる | hyōryū dekiru |
| Volitional | 漂流しよう | ひょうりゅうしよう | hyōryū shiyō |
| Negative | 漂流しない | ひょうりゅうしない | hyōryū shinai |
| Negative continuative | 漂流せず | ひょうりゅうせず | hyōryū sezu |
| Formal | 漂流します | ひょうりゅうします | hyōryū shimasu |
| Perfective | 漂流した | ひょうりゅうした | hyōryū shita |
| Conjunctive | 漂流して | ひょうりゅうして | hyōryū shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 漂流すれば | ひょうりゅうすれば | hyōryū sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 漂 | 流 |

### Noun

漂流 • (pyoryu) (hangeul 표류)
* hanja form of 표류 (“drifting”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 漂 | 流 |

### Adjective

漂流
* chữ Hán form of phiêu lưu (“adventurous”).