# 칩다
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʰip̚t͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [칩따]

### Adjective

칩다 • (chipda) (infinitive 칩어, sequential 칩으니)
* (Gyeongsang, Yeongdong, Hamgyong, Yukjin) Dialectal form of 춥다 (chupda, “(of weather) to be cold”).
    날이 와 이리 칩노? (Gyeongsang dialect, Changwon)Nar-i wa iri chimno?Why is the weather so cold?

## Middle Korean
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tsʰipta/, [t͡ɕʰip̚t͈a]

### Adjective

칩〮다〮 (chíptá) (infinitive 치〮ᄫᅥ〮, sequential 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮)
* (of weather, adjectivally) to be cold; (of weather, verbally) to become cold
    Antonym: 덥〯다〮 (těptá)
** 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 [Worin seokbo]:치〮ᄫᅥ〮 므〮리〮 어렛〮다가〮 더ᄫᅳ〮면〮 노가〮 므〮리〮 ᄃᆞ외ᄂᆞ니〮라〮chíWé múl-í èléys-tàká tèWú-myén nwòk-á múl-í tòwòynònílá[It is like how] water freezes from the cold [weather] and then melts in the warm [weather], becoming water [again]

#### Conjugation

Selected conjugations of 칩〮다〮 (chíptá), Accentual class H :
| Note that the majority of the forms below are unattested for any one verb. Orthography and pitch accent assignment can vary between sources. ||||||
| Selected plain sentence-final forms ||||||
| | Declarative | Interrogative | Interrogative | Interrogative | Modulated declarative |
| | Declarative | Polar question | Wh-word question | Second-person subject | Modulated declarative |
| Past | 칩〮다〮 (chíptá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮니라〮 (chíWúnìlá) | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ가〮 (chíWùnká) 치〮ᄫᅳ녀〮 (chíWùnyé) | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ고〮 (chíWùnkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ뇨〮 (chíWùnyó) | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ다〮 (chíWùntá) | 치〮ᄫᅮ라〮 (chíWwùlá) |
| Present | 칩〮ᄂᆞ다〮 (chípnòtá) 칩〮ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (chípnónìlá) | 칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ가〮 (chípnònká) 칩〮ᄂᆞ녀〮 (chípnònyé) | 칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ고〮 (chípnònkwó) 칩〮ᄂᆞ뇨〮 (chípnònyó) | 칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ다〮 (chípnòntá) | 칩〮노라〮 (chípnwòlá) |
| Conjectural | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮리라〮 (chíWúlìlá) | 치〮ᄫᅳᇙ가〮 (chíWùlqká) 치〮ᄫᅳ려〮 (chíWùlyé) | 치〮ᄫᅳᇙ고〮 (chíWùlqkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ료〮 (chíWùlyó) | 치〮ᄫᅳᇙ다〮 (chíWùlqtá) | 치〮ᄫᅮ〮리라〮 (chíWwúlìlá) |
| Retrospective/ imperfective | 칩〮더라〮 (chíptèlá) 칩〮더〮니라〮 (chípténìlá) | 칩〮던가〮 (chíptènká) 칩〮더녀〮 (chíptènyé) | 칩〮던고〮 (chíptènkwó) 칩〮더뇨〮 (chíptènyó) | 칩〮던다〮 (chíptèntá) | 칩〮다라〮 (chíptàlá) |
| Promissive/Hortative | Promissive/Hortative | Imperative | Imperative | Exclamatory/Emotive | Exclamatory/Emotive |
| 치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮져〮 (chípcyé, hortative) | 치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮져〮 (chípcyé, hortative) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮라〮 (chíWúlá, order) 칩〮고라〮 (chípkwòlá, request) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮라〮 (chíWúlá, order) 칩〮고라〮 (chípkwòlá, request) | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ뎌〮 (chíWùntyé), 치〮ᄫᅳᆯ쎠〮 (chíWùlssyé) 칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ라〮 (chíWèylá) | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ뎌〮 (chíWùntyé), 치〮ᄫᅳᆯ쎠〮 (chíWùlssyé) 칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ라〮 (chíWèylá) |
| Selected highly deferential sentence-final forms ||||||
| Past | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùníngìtá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chíWùníngìská) | 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chíWùníngìskwó) | no separate forms | 치〮ᄫᅮ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWwúngìtá) |
| Present | 칩〮ᄂᆞ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnóngìtá) 칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnòníngìtá) | 칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chípnòníngìská) | 칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chípnòníngìskwó) | no separate forms | 칩〮노〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnwóngìtá) |
| Conjectural | 치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùlíngìtá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chíWùlíngìská) | 치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chíWùlíngìskwó) | no separate forms | 치〮ᄫᅮ리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWwùlíngìtá) |
| Promissive/Hortative | Promissive/Hortative | Imperative | Imperative | Exclamatory/Emotive | Exclamatory/Emotive |
| 치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮사〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípsángìtá, hortative) | 치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮사〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípsángìtá, hortative) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮쇼셔〮 (chíWúsyòsyé, order) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮쇼셔〮 (chíWúsyòsyé, order) | 칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWéyngìtá) | 칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWéyngìtá) |
| Selected honorific declarative forms ||||||
| | Past | Present | Conjectural | Retrospective/ imperfective | 거 (-ke-) form |
| Plain subject-honoring | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시다〮 (chíWúsìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮니라〮 (chíWùsínìlá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᄂᆞ다〮 (chíWùsínòtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (chíWúsìnónìlá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮리라〮 (chíWùsílìlá) | 칩〮더〮시다〮 (chíptésìtá) 칩〮더시〮니라〮 (chíptèsínìlá) | 칩〮거〮시다〮 (chípkésìtá) 칩〮거시〮니라〮 (chípkèsínìlá) |
| Deferential subject-honoring | 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùsíngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsìníngìtá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsìnóngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùsínòníngìtá) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsílíngìtá) | 칩〮더시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíptèsíngìtá) 칩〮더〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíptésìníngìtá) | 칩〮거시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípkèsíngìtá) 칩〮거〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípkésìníngìtá) |
| Selected connective forms ||||||
| Connective | Causative | Conditional/situating | Contrastive/concessive | Purposive/desiderative | Infinitive |
| 칩〮고〮 (chípkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ며〮 (chíWùmyé) 칩〮다가〮 (chíptàká) | 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮 (chíWùní) 칩〮거ᄂᆞᆯ〮 (chípkènól) 치〮ᄫᅳᆯᄊᆡ〮 (chíWùlssóy, only in declarative) 칩〮관ᄃᆡ〮 (chípkwàntóy, only in interrogative) | 치〮ᄫᅳ면〮 (chíWùmyén) 칩〮거든〮 (chípkètún) 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ대〮 (chíWùntáy) 칩〮건댄〮 (chípkèntáyn) | 치〮ᄫᅳ나〮 (chíWùná) 치〮ᄫᅮᄃᆡ〮 (chíWwùtóy) 치〮ᄫᅳᆫᄃᆞᆯ〮 (chíWùntól) 칩〮건〮마ᄅᆞᆫ〮 (chípkénmàlón) | 치〮ᄫᅮ려〮 (chíWwùlyé) 칩〮고져〮 (chípkwòcyé, desires own action) 칩〮과뎌〮 (chípkwàtyé, desires other's action) | 치〮ᄫᅥ〮 (chíWé) |
| Adnominal/gerundive forms ||||||
| | Past | Present | Present | Conjectural | Conjectural |
| Unmodulated non-honorific | 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ〮 (chíWún) | 칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chípnón) | 칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chípnón) | 치〮ᄫᅳᇙ〮 (chíWúlq) | 치〮ᄫᅳᇙ〮 (chíWúlq) |
| Modulated non-honorific | 치〮ᄫᅮᆫ〮 (chíWwún) | 칩〮논〮 (chípnwón) | 칩〮논〮 (chípnwón) | 치〮ᄫᅮᇙ〮 (chíWwúlq) | 치〮ᄫᅮᇙ〮 (chíWwúlq) |
| Unmodulated subject-honoring | 치〮ᄫᅳ신〮 (chíWùsín) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chíWúsìnón) | 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chíWúsìnón) | 치〮ᄫᅳ시ᇙ〮 (chíWùsílq) | 치〮ᄫᅳ시ᇙ〮 (chíWùsílq) |
| Substantive forms ||||||
| Plain | Plain | Plain | Subject-honoring | Subject-honoring | Subject-honoring |
| 치〮ᄫᅮᆷ〮 (chíWwúm) | 치〮ᄫᅮᆷ〮 (chíWwúm) | 치〮ᄫᅮᆷ〮 (chíWwúm) | 치〮ᄫᅳ샴〮 (chíWùsyám) | 치〮ᄫᅳ샴〮 (chíWùsyám) | 치〮ᄫᅳ샴〮 (chíWùsyám) |

#### Descendants

* Central Korean: 춥다 (chupda)
* Hamgyong Korean: 칩다 (chipda)
* Gyeongsang Korean: 칩다 (chipda)