# Shantung
## English
### Etymology

From Mandarin 山東／山东 (Shāndōng) cf. Wade-Giles romanization: Shan¹-tung¹.

### Proper noun

Shantung
* Alternative form of Shandong
** 1816, The Naval Chronicle for 1816‎, London: Joyce Gold, page 157:The rest of the coast of China northward, as far as this chart is continued, is copied from the Missionary provincial charts, except in the direction of the coast, which is made more westerly, to accord with the situation of the Chantong or Shantung Promontory, at the entrance of the Yellow Sea, as observed in the voyage of Lord MACARTNEY.
** 1872 July 27, “Abstract of Peking Gazettes”, in North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette‎, volume IX, number 273, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 69, column 1:(4) Ting Pao-cheng, lieut.-governor of Shantung, reports having sacrificed to the Tai Shan (泰山), inspected the Confucian Temple at Chüfow (the native place of Confucius), which has just undergone a thorough repair, and examined the dykes erected to protect the low lands, in the neighbourhood of Yuncheng, from the inundations of the Yellow River.
** 1920 [1919 September 11], Frederick E. Schortemeier, “Safeguarding America”, in Rededicating America: Life and Recent Speeches of Warren G. Harding‎, Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 79‎:We uttered our chagrin that the spokesmen for the American conscience—aye, for the "conscience of civilization"—had sanctioned the confessed immorality of the Shantung award to satisfy a secret covenant against which we righteously proclaimed, and we did all we can do to right the wrong.
** 1928, Harold M. Vinacke, A History of the Far East in Modern Times‎, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, page 140:The first step looking toward the partition of such a state as China is likely to be the marking out of the country into spheres of special interest, and these several agreements between the Powers and China resulted in the application of that term to various parts of the Empire. Thus Manchuria was said to be Russia's sphere of interest, Shantung the sphere of Germany, etc.
** 1950, Lubor Hájek, Chinese Art‎, Czechoslovakia: Spring Books, page 9:Thus far it has been impossible to trace more accurately the development during these five centuries as archeological data, which would have provided a better basis for study, have been lacking. It has only been in the last few years that field work has given us some necessary information, particularly in Shantung Province, and it may be reasonably anticipated that further studies by the scholar, Wan Hsin-t'ang, from Chi-nan, will throw much light on this chapter of Chinese art.
** 1952, Herbert Hoover, The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover‎, New York: Macmillan Company, page 363:Taking advantage of the European war in 1914, Japan seized the German possessions in Shantung, which she promptly enlarged.
** 1970, Ramon H. Myers, The Chinese Peasant Economy Agricultural Development in Hopei and Shantung, 1890-1949‎, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, page 22:Wagner was a German agricultural economist who in 1911 went to Tsingtao to teach in a German-Chinese Middle School. He later worked at the Litsun Agricultural Experimental Station in Shantung where he continued his studies of agriculture both past and present.
** 1982 November 14, “Pilot rejects Communism”, in Free China Weekly‎, volume XXIII, number 45, Taipei, page 3:Wu defected on Oct. 16, when he took off on a training flight from his home base in Shantung and flew to South Korea.
** 2004, Frances Osborne, Lilla's Feast: A True Story of Food, Love, and War in the Orient‎, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 14:In 1877, Chefoo's exports came from the town's agricultural hinterland of the Shantung Province.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Shantung.

#### Derived terms

* Shantungese, Shantung Peninsula

#### Descendants

* Translingual: Shantungosaurus

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Shandong, Wade-Giles romanization Shan-tung, in Encyclopædia Britannica

### Anagrams

* T'ung-shan