# Antwerpenaar
## English
### Etymology

From Dutch Antwerpenaar.

### Noun

Antwerpenaar (plural Antwerpenaars)
* A native or inhabitant of Antwerp.
    Synonym: Antwerpian
** 1876, Albert D. Vandam, “Genius en Négligé. Two Dutch Pictures by the Author of ‘Famous Bohemians,’ etc.”, in London Society. An Illustrated Magazine of Light and Amusing Literature for the Hours of Relaxation., volume XXIX, London: […], page 120, column 2:It is part of the prison constructed in one of the angles of the citadel, which was built by the Duke of Alva to keep the rebellious Antwerpenaars in check.
** 1888, Conrad Busken Huet, translated by Albert Dresden Vandam, The Land of Rubens: A Companion for Visitors to Belgium and France, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd., page 156:At the head of the famous Antwerpenaars belonging to the immediate circle of Rubens stands Van Dyck.
** 1942, Katharine Roberts, Center of the Web, Garden City, N.Y.: The Crime Club, page 238:In helping him, these Antwerpenaars were risking not only death but torture—for he had Fräulein’s secrets.
** 1943, Belgium Zone Handbook, Ministry of Economic Warfare, page 11:[…] his fellow-citizens—they take pride in not being Antwerpenaars themselves.
** 1950, Violet Barbour, Capitalism in Amsterdam in the Seventeenth Century, Johns Hopkins University Press, page 136:The spacious and idealistic plans of Willem Usselincx, one of the many ex-Antwerpenaars resident in Amsterdam, for the colonization of the New World as a new world, found no sympathetic hearing in realistic Amsterdam, and the West India Company was modelled fairly closely after the East India Company.
** 1973, Acta Historiae Neerlandicae: Studies on the History of the Netherlands, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, →ISBN, page 183:In the early 1560s the Protestants there were strengthened both quantitatively and qualitatively by an influx of gentry and wealthy Antwerpenaars, who put this previously small group in touch with their co-religionists at Antwerp.
** 1985, Ivo Schöffer, edited by S. Groenveld, Bestuurders en Geleerden, Bataafsche Leeuw, →ISBN, page 23:It is otherwise difficult to account for the exodus of religious from the monasteries, the sharp decline in the generosity of Antwerpenaars towards their senior parish church throughout the 1520s, and the slump in the sales of indulgences in the diocese of Utrecht at the same time.
** 1985, Protectionism and Growth: EFTA Round Table, Geneva, 25 January 1985, European Free Trade Association, page 118:Gentenaars don't trust Antwerpenaars any more than Carolos the Liégeois, and it is a good guess that the present pressure for decentralization will not stop at the language group level at which it is currently keenest.
** 1996, John Cartwright, “Forms and their Uses: The Antwerp Ommegangen, 1550–1700”, in Meg Twycross, editor, Festive Drama: Papers from the Sixth Triennial Colloquium of the International Society for the Study of Medieval Theatre, Lancaster, 13–19 July, 1989, D. S. Brewer, →ISBN, page 129:To outsiders, they extended a message of welcome and reassurance, emphasising the fairness and probity of their commercial and legal institutions; to the less prosperous Antwerpenaars watching or taking part in the procession, the repeated message is that what is good for the Cooplieden is good for Antwerp and all its inhabitants, and that dissension and unrest are sinful and against nature.
** 1996, David Nicholas, Trade, Urbanisation, and the Family: Studies in the History of Medieval Flanders (Variorum Collected Studies), Variorum, Ashgate Publishing Limited, →ISBN, page 35:The Antwerpenaars seem to be particularly interested in the herring supply in this account, a fact suggesting that improbable as it may seem on first glance, the large quantities of herring mentioned in the account of 1386-1387 may have been proceeding to Antwerp through Dendermonde after being taken to Ghent over the Lieve canal from Bruges.
** 1998, Michael Jackson, Michael Jackson’s Great Beers of Belgium, Running Press, →ISBN, page 182:Antwerpenaars have no such inhibitions, and know that – in their city, at least – this call will bring forth a man-sized glass of De Koninck (which translates as “The King”).
** 2000, Donald J[ames] Harreld, High Germans in the Low Countries: German Merchants and Their Trade in Sixteenth-Century Antwerp, University of Minnesota, page 124:At the request of several south German and Italian merchants and transporters (including the Jenisch, Welser, and Fugger firms), as well as some native Antwerpenaars, the city agreed to build a terminal of sorts for the overland trade with Germany and parts south.
** 2000, Gary K. Waite, “The Chambers of Rhetoric in Antwerp”, in Reformers on Stage: Popular Drama and Religious Propaganda in the Low Countries of Charles V, 1515–1556, Toronto, Ont.: University of Toronto Press, →ISBN, page 51:By 1510 Antwerp was able to boast of three official chambers, The Gillyflower (De Violieren), The Marigold (De Goudbloem), and The Olive Branch (De Olijftak). Although this public support of rhetorician groups was not quite in the same league as in Ghent and Brussels, which supported four each, certainly Antwerpenaars could feel considerable pride in their patronage of three very active drama societies.
** 2002, Brussels & Antwerp: Eating & Drinking (Time Out Guides), Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 187:An Antwerp institution since its beginnings in 1972 and run by the family Espantoso, Las Mañas attracts not only the Spanish community, but Antwerpenaars seeking some sunshine and sangria.
** 2002, Werner van Hoof, Jan Blomme, editors, Momentum: Antwerp’s Port in the 19th and 20th Century, Pandora, →ISBN, page 45:The Antwerpenaars feared that this regulation would put a mortgage on the future of the port.
** 2004, Richard W. Unger, Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, published 2007, →ISBN, page 96:In 1541 Antwerpenaars consumed almost 170,000 liters of beer from Hoegaarden and the small village of Zoutleeuw.
** 2005, Hans Vlieghe, Katlijne Van der Stighelen, editors, Sponsors of the Past: Flemish Art and Patronage 1550–1700: Proceedings of the Symposium Organized at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, December, 14–15, 2001, Faculteit Letteren, Departement Archeologie, Kunstwetenschap en Musicologie, Brepols, →ISBN, page 121:To be preferred over these, especially the choir of St. Jacob’s was admired, strangers and Antwerpenaars alike, for its ‘most exquisite, rare, and illustrious elegance, with so lucid and spacious an ambulatory, and surrounded on all sides, as it were, by marble chapels.’
** 2007, André de Vries, Flanders: A Cultural History (Landscapes of the Imagination), Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 65:Gentenaars perhaps still feel they inhabit a capital city and tend to think big, if not quite as big as the Antwerpenaars.
** 2010, Des Hannigan, Sally Roy, Nia Williams, Europe Travelbook: The Guide to Premier Destinations, AAA, →ISBN, page 54:And Antwerpenaars (residents of Antwerp) will tell you that they speak better Flemish than Brugeans; if you visit more remote rural districts you will find even more regional differences.
** 2012, Michael Barry Miller, “[Ports] Antwerp”, in Europe and the Maritime World: A Twentieth-Century History, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, part one (Networks), page 46:In his opinion, this was a typically Dutch response, and others would not do it the same way. But Antwerpenaars also fashioned a self-image out of their flexibility and daring. Both ports measured themselves against the other.
** 2012, Monica Stensland, Habsburg Communication in the Dutch Revolt (Amsterdam Studies in the Dutch Golden Age), Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, page 186:Similarly, Farnese’s offer of reconciliation to the city of Antwerp in November 1584 was reprinted with the Antwerpenaars’ reply in Antwerp, Delft, Dordrecht and Amsterdam.
** 2012, Raingard Esser, The Politics of Memory: The Writing of Partition in the Seventeenth-Century Low Countries (Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History; 208), Brill Publishers, →ISBN, pages 172–173:The valour of the Crusaders which were emphasized in Scribani’s account also gave him the opportunity to expatiate on the courage of the Antwerpenaars who, as vassals of Godfroy, had accompanied him on his journey to the Holy Land.
** 2017, Rick Steves, Gene Openshaw, Rick Steves Belgium: Bruges, Brussels, Antwerp & Ghent, 2nd edition, Avalon Travel, Perseus Books, →ISBN:The cozy interior oozes authentic charm and feels like it’s been the family living room of Antwerpenaars for generations.
** 2019, Ali Cheshmehzangi, Ayotunde Dawodu, Sustainable Urban Development in the Age of Climate Change: People: The Cure or Curse, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 160:It involved 2000 Antwerpenaars, who helped to measure levels of nitrogen dioxide by placing measuring tubes and sensors outside their windows.
** 2020, Antoon Vrints, translated by Michael Lomax, The Theatre of the Street: Public Violence in Antwerp During the First Half of the Twentieth Century, Brill Publishers, →ISBN, page 213:As long as it did not lead to excesses (and, as stated earlier, persistent noisy squabbles), twentieth-century Antwerpenaars tended not to intervene in marital disputes.

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Antwerpen +‎ -aar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɑnt.ʋɛr.pəˈnaːr/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Ant‧wer‧pe‧naar

### Noun

Antwerpenaar m (plural Antwerpenaren or Antwerpenaars, diminutive Antwerpenaartje n, feminine Antwerpse)
* a native or inhabitant of Antwerp, Belgium; an Antwerpian