# erguer
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *ergere.

### Verb

erguer
* to raise, to lift

#### Derived terms

* llercia$^?$

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese erger (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *ergere, from Latin ērigere. The modern verb has been rebuilt around the conjugation ergo (“I raise”), hence the other inflexions now all have /ɡ/ rather than the /ʃ/ one would expect from medieval forms like erger. Portuguese erguer and Spanish erguir were rebuilt in the same manner. Doublet of erixir, which was borrowed from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eɾˈɡeɾ/

### Verb

erguer (first-person singular present ergo, first-person singular preterite erguín, past participle erguido, short past participle ergueito) erguer (first-person singular present ergo, first-person singular preterite erguim or ergui, past participle erguido, reintegrationist norm)
* (transitive) to lift up, to elevate, to raise
** 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C. S. I. C, page 222:Deus [...] a ti ergemos nosas mãos et nosos braços en semellança de cruzGod [...] to you we raise our hands and our arms in the sign of the cross
** 2021, Tenue, Territorios [song]:
    Agora que sabemos que todos os camiños Que construímos foron erixidos sobre cadáveres Agora que entendemos que erguemos a cada tirano Que nos someteu baixo o fascio e a espada Agora que aceptamos que fomos nós xs Que alzamos os muros que comprimiron os nosos tórax Sepultando os nosos corazóns... Decidimos encomendar a nosa existencia á súa destrución Ata que, dentro de nós, cada deserto se converta en oasis Cada ferida en fervenza e cada bágoa en torrenteNow that we know that every road we made was founded on corpses; Now that we understand that we raised every tyrant that subdued us with fascio and sword; Now that we accept that we were the ones who built the walls which compressed our torsos, entombing our hearts... We decide to commit our existence to their destruction till, inside of us, each desert becomes an oasis, each wound a waterfall, each tear a torrent.
* (transitive) to build, to erect
** 1315, E. Duro Peña (ed.), El Monasterio de S. Pedro de Rocas y su colección documental. Ourense: Instituto de Estudios Orensanos "Padre Feijoo", page 173:
    e ergeredes as casas que y estámand you shall raise the houses that are there
** 1347, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", in Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 425:
    se as ditas priora et convento queseren erger a dita casa doutro sobrado ou faser bavor? que façan et ergan en maneyra que non entargem o viso das feestras do balcon da outra mina casa que esta a so nestaif the aforementioned prioress and convent would want to erect another story or make a balcony, that they should do and build so as they don't obstruct the view of the windows of the balcony of my other house which is near this one
* (transitive) to winnow
* (pronominal) to get up, to stand up
** 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C. S. I. C, page 12:hũu caualeiro moi boo que avia nome Gomes, moraua cabo d'aquel lugar, et avia grã peça que avia door grãde, et era mãquo que se nõ podia erger do leitoa very good knight named Gómez, who lived around there and has had a large pain for a long time and was sick, and couldn't get up from his bed
** 1859, R. Barros Sibelo, Un dia de desfertuna:aló no mes de xaneiro da cama me erguín lixeiro pra ir á feira de Ourense; Era un día de invernada de brétoma marrullento; de aquelas mañás, que o vento corta o carís coa xiada; Senteime no leito axiña e dempois de me escofar empeceime a santiguar na boca cunha cruciña; Funme co frío a sentar collendo os socos de amieiro, casi medio priguiseiro preto da pedra do lar; Da miña pobre lareira dempois que estive a carón, cun apagado tizón revolvín a borralleira; Dúas brasas apañei, dentro do soco as metín e abaleino cara min astra que ó fin o quitei; Feito esto con boa fe para ter calor no centro puxen dous follatos dentro e dempois metín o péback in January, I swiftly got up from my bed to go to the fair of Ourense. It was a wintry day, unruly, misty; one of those mornings when the wind cuts the face with the frost. I promptly sat down on bed and, after scratching myself, I crossed myself in the mouth with a little cross. Grabbing the clogs of alder, I went with the cold to sit, almost as a mendicant, by the hearthstone. From my poor fireplace, after I was by its side, with a burn out stick I stirred the ashes; I picked up two embers, inside the clog I put them, and I tilted it towards me till I took it out. This done, with good faith, for having hot at the centre, I put two corn husk leaves, and then I put my feet in

#### Conjugation

$^1$Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar. $^2$Usually used with auxiliary verbs haber and ter.
$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* enxergar
* erixir

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “erger”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “erge”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “erguer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “erguer”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “erguer” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “erguer”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese erger, from Vulgar Latin *ergere, from Latin ērigere. The modern verb has been rebuilt around the conjugation ergo (“to raise”), hence the other inflexions now all have /ɡ/ rather than the /ʒ/ one would expect from medieval forms like erger. Galician erguer and Spanish erguir were rebuilt in the same manner. Doublet of erigir, which was borrowed from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /eʁˈɡe(ʁ)/ [eɦˈɡe(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /eʁˈɡe(ʁ)/ [eɦˈɡe(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /eɾˈɡe(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /eʁˈɡe(ʁ)/ [eʁˈɡe(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /eɻˈɡe(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /iɾˈɡeɾ/ [iɾˈɣeɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /iɾˈɡeɾ/ [iɾˈɣeɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /iɾˈɡe.ɾi/ [iɾˈɣe.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: er‧guer

### Verb

erguer (first-person singular present ergo, first-person singular preterite ergui, past participle erguido)
* (transitive) to lift up, elevate
* (transitive) to build, erect

#### Related terms

* erigir

### Further reading

* “erguer”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
* “erguer”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
* “erguer” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “erguer”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “erguer”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
* “erguer”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024