# cabanga
## Fanagalo
### Etymology

From Zulu -cabanga.

### Verb

cabanga
* to think

## Northern Ndebele
### Verb

-cábánga
* to think

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Southern Ndebele
### Verb

-cabanga$^?$
* to think

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Swazi
### Verb

-cábanga
* to think

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-cabanga$^?$
* (intransitive) to think
* (transitive) to consider, to think about
* (intransitive) to suppose, to believe
* (transitive and intransitive) to imagine

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukucabanga |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukucabanga | ukungacabangi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | cabanga | -cabange |
| Plural | cabangani | -cabangeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyacabanga, ngicabanga | engicabangayo, engicabanga | ngicabanga | angicabangi | engingacabangi | ngingacabangi |
| 2nd singular | uyacabanga, ucabanga | ocabangayo, ocabanga | ucabanga | awucabangi | ongacabangi | ungacabangi |
| 1st plural | siyacabanga, sicabanga | esicabangayo, esicabanga | sicabanga | asicabangi | esingacabangi | singacabangi |
| 2nd plural | niyacabanga, nicabanga | enicabangayo, enicabanga | nicabanga | anicabangi | eningacabangi | ningacabangi |
| Class 1 | uyacabanga, ucabanga | ocabangayo, ocabanga | ecabanga | akacabangi | ongacabangi | engacabangi |
| Class 2 | bayacabanga, bacabanga | abacabangayo, abacabanga | becabanga | abacabangi | abangacabangi | bengacabangi |
| Class 3 | uyacabanga, ucabanga | ocabangayo, ocabanga | ucabanga | awucabangi | ongacabangi | ungacabangi |
| Class 4 | iyacabanga, icabanga | ecabangayo, ecabanga | icabanga | ayicabangi | engacabangi | ingacabangi |
| Class 5 | liyacabanga, licabanga | elicabangayo, elicabanga | licabanga | alicabangi | elingacabangi | lingacabangi |
| Class 6 | ayacabanga, acabanga | acabangayo, acabanga | ecabanga | awacabangi | angacabangi | engacabangi |
| Class 7 | siyacabanga, sicabanga | esicabangayo, esicabanga | sicabanga | asicabangi | esingacabangi | singacabangi |
| Class 8 | ziyacabanga, zicabanga | ezicabangayo, ezicabanga | zicabanga | azicabangi | ezingacabangi | zingacabangi |
| Class 9 | iyacabanga, icabanga | ecabangayo, ecabanga | icabanga | ayicabangi | engacabangi | ingacabangi |
| Class 10 | ziyacabanga, zicabanga | ezicabangayo, ezicabanga | zicabanga | azicabangi | ezingacabangi | zingacabangi |
| Class 11 | luyacabanga, lucabanga | olucabangayo, olucabanga | lucabanga | alucabangi | olungacabangi | lungacabangi |
| Class 14 | buyacabanga, bucabanga | obucabangayo, obucabanga | bucabanga | abucabangi | obungacabangi | bungacabangi |
| Class 15 | kuyacabanga, kucabanga | okucabangayo, okucabanga | kucabanga | akucabangi | okungacabangi | kungacabangi |
| Class 17 | kuyacabanga, kucabanga | okucabangayo, okucabanga | kucabanga | akucabangi | okungacabangi | kungacabangi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngicabangile, ngicabangē | engicabangile, engicabangē | ngicabangile, ngicabangē | angicabanganga | engingacabanganga | ngingacabanganga |
| 2nd singular | ucabangile, ucabangē | ocabangile, ocabangē | ucabangile, ucabangē | awucabanganga | ongacabanganga | ungacabanganga |
| 1st plural | sicabangile, sicabangē | esicabangile, esicabangē | sicabangile, sicabangē | asicabanganga | esingacabanganga | singacabanganga |
| 2nd plural | nicabangile, nicabangē | enicabangile, enicabangē | nicabangile, nicabangē | anicabanganga | eningacabanganga | ningacabanganga |
| Class 1 | ucabangile, ucabangē | ocabangile, ocabangē | ecabangile, ecabangē | akacabanganga | ongacabanganga | engacabanganga |
| Class 2 | bacabangile, bacabangē | abacabangile, abacabangē | becabangile, becabangē | abacabanganga | abangacabanganga | bengacabanganga |
| Class 3 | ucabangile, ucabangē | ocabangile, ocabangē | ucabangile, ucabangē | awucabanganga | ongacabanganga | ungacabanganga |
| Class 4 | icabangile, icabangē | ecabangile, ecabangē | icabangile, icabangē | ayicabanganga | engacabanganga | ingacabanganga |
| Class 5 | licabangile, licabangē | elicabangile, elicabangē | licabangile, licabangē | alicabanganga | elingacabanganga | lingacabanganga |
| Class 6 | acabangile, acabangē | acabangile, acabangē | ecabangile, ecabangē | awacabanganga | angacabanganga | engacabanganga |
| Class 7 | sicabangile, sicabangē | esicabangile, esicabangē | sicabangile, sicabangē | asicabanganga | esingacabanganga | singacabanganga |
| Class 8 | zicabangile, zicabangē | ezicabangile, ezicabangē | zicabangile, zicabangē | azicabanganga | ezingacabanganga | zingacabanganga |
| Class 9 | icabangile, icabangē | ecabangile, ecabangē | icabangile, icabangē | ayicabanganga | engacabanganga | ingacabanganga |
| Class 10 | zicabangile, zicabangē | ezicabangile, ezicabangē | zicabangile, zicabangē | azicabanganga | ezingacabanganga | zingacabanganga |
| Class 11 | lucabangile, lucabangē | olucabangile, olucabangē | lucabangile, lucabangē | alucabanganga | olungacabanganga | lungacabanganga |
| Class 14 | bucabangile, bucabangē | obucabangile, obucabangē | bucabangile, bucabangē | abucabanganga | obungacabanganga | bungacabanganga |
| Class 15 | kucabangile, kucabangē | okucabangile, okucabangē | kucabangile, kucabangē | akucabanganga | okungacabanganga | kungacabanganga |
| Class 17 | kucabangile, kucabangē | okucabangile, okucabangē | kucabangile, kucabangē | akucabanganga | okungacabanganga | kungacabanganga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngācabanga | engācabanga | ngācabanga | angicabanganga | engingacabanganga | ngingacabanganga |
| 2nd singular | wācabanga | owācabanga | wācabanga | awucabanganga | ongacabanganga | ungacabanganga |
| 1st plural | sācabanga | esācabanga | sācabanga | asicabanganga | esingacabanganga | singacabanganga |
| 2nd plural | nācabanga | enācabanga | nācabanga | anicabanganga | eningacabanganga | ningacabanganga |
| Class 1 | wācabanga | owācabanga | ācabanga | akacabanganga | ongacabanganga | engacabanganga |
| Class 2 | bācabanga | abācabanga | bācabanga | abacabanganga | abangacabanganga | bengacabanganga |
| Class 3 | wācabanga | owācabanga | wācabanga | awucabanganga | ongacabanganga | ungacabanganga |
| Class 4 | yācabanga | eyācabanga | yācabanga | ayicabanganga | engacabanganga | ingacabanganga |
| Class 5 | lācabanga | elācabanga | lācabanga | alicabanganga | elingacabanganga | lingacabanganga |
| Class 6 | ācabanga | ācabanga | ācabanga | awacabanganga | angacabanganga | engacabanganga |
| Class 7 | sācabanga | esācabanga | sācabanga | asicabanganga | esingacabanganga | singacabanganga |
| Class 8 | zācabanga | ezācabanga | zācabanga | azicabanganga | ezingacabanganga | zingacabanganga |
| Class 9 | yācabanga | eyācabanga | yācabanga | ayicabanganga | engacabanganga | ingacabanganga |
| Class 10 | zācabanga | ezācabanga | zācabanga | azicabanganga | ezingacabanganga | zingacabanganga |
| Class 11 | lwācabanga | olwācabanga | lwācabanga | alucabanganga | olungacabanganga | lungacabanganga |
| Class 14 | bācabanga | obācabanga | bācabanga | abucabanganga | obungacabanganga | bungacabanganga |
| Class 15 | kwācabanga | okwācabanga | kwācabanga | akucabanganga | okungacabanganga | kungacabanganga |
| Class 17 | kwācabanga | okwācabanga | kwācabanga | akucabanganga | okungacabanganga | kungacabanganga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingacabanga | — | ngingacabanga | ngingecabange | — | ngingecabange |
| 2nd singular | ungacabanga | — | ungacabanga | ungecabange | — | ungecabange |
| 1st plural | singacabanga | — | singacabanga | singecabange | — | singecabange |
| 2nd plural | ningacabanga | — | ningacabanga | ningecabange | — | ningecabange |
| Class 1 | angacabanga | — | engacabanga | angecabange | — | engecabange |
| Class 2 | bangacabanga | — | bengacabanga | bangecabange | — | bengecabange |
| Class 3 | ungacabanga | — | ungacabanga | ungecabange | — | ungecabange |
| Class 4 | ingacabanga | — | ingacabanga | ingecabange | — | ingecabange |
| Class 5 | lingacabanga | — | lingacabanga | lingecabange | — | lingecabange |
| Class 6 | angacabanga | — | engacabanga | angecabange | — | engecabange |
| Class 7 | singacabanga | — | singacabanga | singecabange | — | singecabange |
| Class 8 | zingacabanga | — | zingacabanga | zingecabange | — | zingecabange |
| Class 9 | ingacabanga | — | ingacabanga | ingecabange | — | ingecabange |
| Class 10 | zingacabanga | — | zingacabanga | zingecabange | — | zingecabange |
| Class 11 | lungacabanga | — | lungacabanga | lungecabange | — | lungecabange |
| Class 14 | bungacabanga | — | bungacabanga | bungecabange | — | bungecabange |
| Class 15 | kungacabanga | — | kungacabanga | kungecabange | — | kungecabange |
| Class 17 | kungacabanga | — | kungacabanga | kungecabange | — | kungecabange |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizocabanga | engizocabanga | ngizocabanga | angizucabanga | engingezucabanga | ngingezucabanga |
| 2nd singular | uzocabanga | ozocabanga | uzocabanga | awuzucabanga | ongezucabanga | ungezucabanga |
| 1st plural | sizocabanga | esizocabanga | sizocabanga | asizucabanga | esingezucabanga | singezucabanga |
| 2nd plural | nizocabanga | enizocabanga | nizocabanga | anizucabanga | eningezucabanga | ningezucabanga |
| Class 1 | uzocabanga | ozocabanga | ezocabanga | akazucabanga | ongezucabanga | engezucabanga |
| Class 2 | bazocabanga | abazocabanga | bezocabanga | abazucabanga | abangezucabanga | bengezucabanga |
| Class 3 | uzocabanga | ozocabanga | uzocabanga | awuzucabanga | ongezucabanga | ungezucabanga |
| Class 4 | izocabanga | ezocabanga | izocabanga | ayizucabanga | engezucabanga | ingezucabanga |
| Class 5 | lizocabanga | elizocabanga | lizocabanga | alizucabanga | elingezucabanga | lingezucabanga |
| Class 6 | azocabanga | azocabanga | ezocabanga | awazucabanga | angezucabanga | engezucabanga |
| Class 7 | sizocabanga | esizocabanga | sizocabanga | asizucabanga | esingezucabanga | singezucabanga |
| Class 8 | zizocabanga | ezizocabanga | zizocabanga | azizucabanga | ezingezucabanga | zingezucabanga |
| Class 9 | izocabanga | ezocabanga | izocabanga | ayizucabanga | engezucabanga | ingezucabanga |
| Class 10 | zizocabanga | ezizocabanga | zizocabanga | azizucabanga | ezingezucabanga | zingezucabanga |
| Class 11 | luzocabanga | oluzocabanga | luzocabanga | aluzucabanga | olungezucabanga | lungezucabanga |
| Class 14 | buzocabanga | obuzocabanga | buzocabanga | abuzucabanga | obungezucabanga | bungezucabanga |
| Class 15 | kuzocabanga | okuzocabanga | kuzocabanga | akuzucabanga | okungezucabanga | kungezucabanga |
| Class 17 | kuzocabanga | okuzocabanga | kuzocabanga | akuzucabanga | okungezucabanga | kungezucabanga |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyocabanga | engiyocabanga | ngiyocabanga | angiyucabanga | engingeyucabanga | ngingeyucabanga |
| 2nd singular | uyocabanga | oyocabanga | uyocabanga | awuyucabanga | ongeyucabanga | ungeyucabanga |
| 1st plural | siyocabanga | esiyocabanga | siyocabanga | asiyucabanga | esingeyucabanga | singeyucabanga |
| 2nd plural | niyocabanga | eniyocabanga | niyocabanga | aniyucabanga | eningeyucabanga | ningeyucabanga |
| Class 1 | uyocabanga | oyocabanga | eyocabanga | akayucabanga | ongeyucabanga | engeyucabanga |
| Class 2 | bayocabanga | abayocabanga | beyocabanga | abayucabanga | abangeyucabanga | bengeyucabanga |
| Class 3 | uyocabanga | oyocabanga | uyocabanga | awuyucabanga | ongeyucabanga | ungeyucabanga |
| Class 4 | iyocabanga | eyocabanga | iyocabanga | ayiyucabanga | engeyucabanga | ingeyucabanga |
| Class 5 | liyocabanga | eliyocabanga | liyocabanga | aliyucabanga | elingeyucabanga | lingeyucabanga |
| Class 6 | ayocabanga | ayocabanga | eyocabanga | awayucabanga | angeyucabanga | engeyucabanga |
| Class 7 | siyocabanga | esiyocabanga | siyocabanga | asiyucabanga | esingeyucabanga | singeyucabanga |
| Class 8 | ziyocabanga | eziyocabanga | ziyocabanga | aziyucabanga | ezingeyucabanga | zingeyucabanga |
| Class 9 | iyocabanga | eyocabanga | iyocabanga | ayiyucabanga | engeyucabanga | ingeyucabanga |
| Class 10 | ziyocabanga | eziyocabanga | ziyocabanga | aziyucabanga | ezingeyucabanga | zingeyucabanga |
| Class 11 | luyocabanga | oluyocabanga | luyocabanga | aluyucabanga | olungeyucabanga | lungeyucabanga |
| Class 14 | buyocabanga | obuyocabanga | buyocabanga | abuyucabanga | obungeyucabanga | bungeyucabanga |
| Class 15 | kuyocabanga | okuyocabanga | kuyocabanga | akuyucabanga | okungeyucabanga | kungeyucabanga |
| Class 17 | kuyocabanga | okuyocabanga | kuyocabanga | akuyucabanga | okungeyucabanga | kungeyucabanga |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngicabange | ngingacabangi |
| 2nd singular | ucabange | ungacabangi |
| 1st plural | sicabange | singacabangi |
| 2nd plural | nicabange | ningacabangi |
| Class 1 | acabange | angacabangi |
| Class 2 | bacabange | bangacabangi |
| Class 3 | ucabange | ungacabangi |
| Class 4 | icabange | ingacabangi |
| Class 5 | licabange | lingacabangi |
| Class 6 | acabange | angacabangi |
| Class 7 | sicabange | singacabangi |
| Class 8 | zicabange | zingacabangi |
| Class 9 | icabange | ingacabangi |
| Class 10 | zicabange | zingacabangi |
| Class 11 | lucabange | lungacabangi |
| Class 14 | bucabange | bungacabangi |
| Class 15 | kucabange | kungacabangi |
| Class 17 | kucabange | kungacabangi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngacabanga | ngangacabanga, angacabanga, angangacabanga |
| 2nd singular | wacabanga | wangacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga |
| 1st plural | sacabanga | sangacabanga, asacabanga, asangacabanga |
| 2nd plural | nacabanga | nangacabanga, anacabanga, anangacabanga |
| Class 1 | wacabanga | wangacabanga, akacabanga, akangacabanga |
| Class 2 | bacabanga | bangacabanga, abacabanga, abangacabanga |
| Class 3 | wacabanga | wangacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga |
| Class 4 | yacabanga | yangacabanga, ayacabanga, ayangacabanga |
| Class 5 | lacabanga | langacabanga, alacabanga, alangacabanga |
| Class 6 | acabanga | angacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga |
| Class 7 | sacabanga | sangacabanga, asacabanga, asangacabanga |
| Class 8 | zacabanga | zangacabanga, azacabanga, azangacabanga |
| Class 9 | yacabanga | yangacabanga, ayacabanga, ayangacabanga |
| Class 10 | zacabanga | zangacabanga, azacabanga, azangacabanga |
| Class 11 | lwacabanga | lwangacabanga, alwacabanga, alwangacabanga |
| Class 14 | bacabanga | bangacabanga, abacabanga, abangacabanga |
| Class 15 | kwacabanga | kwangacabanga, akwacabanga, akwangacabanga |
| Class 17 | kwacabanga | kwangacabanga, akwacabanga, akwangacabanga |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “caɓanga”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “caɓanga (3.2.9)”