# Graubünden

Graubünden (Romansch: Grischun, Italian: Grigioni), also known as Grisons, is a canton of Switzerland and the country's largest canton by area.

## Regions

* Surselva and Rhine valley (Arosa, Chur, Disentis, Flims, Laax, Vals) Along the Rhine river from the source of its tributary in the Surselva valley to the capital Chur.
* Prättigau (Davos, Klosters) The Prättigau valley and the neighbouring Landwasser valley with the mountain resort of Davos.
* Central Graubünden (Lenzerheide, Lostallo, Soazza, Thusis) Around the second tributary of the Rhine (Hinterrhein) and the valleys surrounding it.
* Engadin (Pontresina, Samedan, Samnaun, Scuol, St. Moritz) A long high alpine valley source to the river Inn. The most famous destination is St. Moritz which is by some considered the most expensive ski resort in the world.

## Cities

* 46.859.5333331 Chur. The capital and the largest city of the canton. Nearly 600 meters above sea level, the town is believed to be more than 10,000 years old.
* 46.89.83332 Davos. Ski and spa resort hosting the yearly Davos Economic Forum.
* 46.78.8666673 Disentis.
* 46.76679.24 Ilanz.
* 46.8833339.8833395 Klosters.
* 46.759.556 Lenzerheide.
* 46.59.97 Pontresina.
* 46.5333339.8666678 Samedan.
* 46.933310.359 Samnaun. Small town in a duty-free area.
* 46.59.833310 St. Moritz. Possibly the most upscale ski resort in Switzerland.

## Other destinations

* 46.33555610.0777781 Bernina - Italian speaking district with famous Bernina Pass and Val Poschiavo
* 46.8330569.2830562 Flims Laax Falera ski resort
* 46.2997229.1833333 Lostallo
* 46.6598.6714 Oberalp Pass - pass on the western border of the canton, popular hiking starting point
* 46.80819.314955 Rhine Gorge - beautiful canyon with several hundreds meters high cliffs, nicknamed Swiss Grand Canyon
* 46.710.0956 Swiss National Park - the only national park in Switzerland
* 46.6163899.1833337 Vals well known thermal bath

## Understand

Graubünden is a mountainous canton, from maps one can see that it is dominated by the Engadin and Rhein valleys. However these have many a side valley that offers hidden and isolated splendours. From Graubünden, rivers flow to the Mediterranean, North and Black seas; it is the watershed of Europe. It is a spectacular landscape, home to Switzerland's only National Park. Graubünden combines wild rugged scenery with charming villages and a unique Romansch culture. The capital is the ancient Chur which has existed since Roman times (Latin: Curia); it is a small city with a fully cobbled and painted shuttered old quarter. Like the rest of the canton it is modest; concealed here is some of the best outdoor sports in the world, ancient mountain towns, stunning panoramas, three official languages and distinct culture, yet it does not boast; little is known by outsiders of the delights within.

### Geography

Graubünden covers an area of 7,106 square kilometres (2,744 sq mi), making it Switzerland's largest canton.
The canton is further divided into 11 regions and 106 municipalities. More than 50% of the canton's municipalities have less than 1,000 inhabitants.

### Public Holidays

There are no public holidays in addition to those observed in the whole of Switzerland. However there are some local holidays which are only observed in some towns.

## Talk

    See also: German phrasebook, Italian phrasebook, Romansh phrasebook
The official languages of the canton are German, Romansh, and Italian.
German is the most widely-spoken language in the canton, with nearly four-fifths of Graubündners having it as their primary language. The variant of Swiss German spoken here is Graubünden German (Bündnerdeutsch), which differs markedly from Standard German, i.e., German spoken in Germany. Most Graubündners are fluent in Standard German.
Romansh is the second most widely spoken language in the canton, spoken by almost 14% of the inhabitants of the canton. Although the number of Romansh speakers has declined considerably over the past few decades and most Romansh people are bilingual in German, trying out a few words of the language is appreciated.
Italian is spoken in regions − namely Moesa, Maloja, and Bernina − close to the border with Italy.
As is the case throughout Switzerland, you should have no problems getting by using English.

## Get in

There are no airports in Graubünden so the easiest option is to take the train from either Zurich or Milan, where there are international airports. You can also take the train into Zurich Bahnhof from other European cities, as it is an international train station.

## Get around

The Rhätische Bahn RhB is the backbone of railway transportation in Graubünden. Some lines are operated also by Swiss Federal Railways (SBB), Matterhorn Gotthard Railway MGB and Thurbo. The trains are nearly always on time and can get you to most places. Services are frequent, usually at least once per hour. Post buses will take you from the stations up the mountains to the villages.
Here$^{[deadlink]}$ can be found a network map of public transportation system in Graubünden.
It is worth buying a network ticket if you are planning to travel around the canton. There is, for example, Allegra 1-day Travel Pass, GraubündenPass (2 days out of 5 / 5 days out of 14) or BÜGA (monthly or yearly ticket).

## See

* The UNESCO World Heritage listed Benedictine Convent of St. John at Müstair in easternmost Engadin
* The UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Reservat da Biosfera Val Müstair-Parc Naziunal
* The scenic UNESCO World Heritage listed Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes - from Thusis via St. Moritz and Poschiavo to Italy

### Itineraries

* Greina Walking Tour

## Do

* You may want to visit the Thermal Bath in Vals.
* Skiing is the biggest winter-time activity in Graubünden. There are resorts throughout the Engadin valley, St. Moritz being the most famous, but also in the Prättigau valley, Davos and Klosters, and the Surselva valley. Flims Laax Falera is among the biggest. Apart from these larger famous resorts there are many smaller resorts to be found throughout Graubünden. There are 2,200 km of ski pistes in the canton.
* Hiking is the main activity in the summer. Cable-cars, railways and ski-lifts can help you up or down in some places, or you can go it alone on the thousands of trails that wind across the mountains, valleys and lakes of Graubünden. The views are absolutely stunning. One of the more famous hikes in this part of the Alps is the Via Spluga.
** The Swiss hiking trail network is one of the best in the world, and the trails in Graubünden are no exception. Trails marked in yellow, or with a yellow diamond, are the easiest and require very little other than a pair of good shoes. Trails marked with white-red-white are harder and may require hikers to have a good head with heights. Trails marked with white-blue-white are alpine trails and require the highest level of conditioning, as well as specialized alpine hiking equipment (e.g. crampons, ice axe, etc.). Trails marked with pink trail markers are often the same as basic yellow ones, but can also be traversed in winter without much difficulty.
** Many hiking trails leave directly from rail stations or bus stops, so a car is not needed to access them.

## Eat

Traditional Romansch foods include Capuns, Rösti and Pizokel. Rösti is shredded potatoes, fried, with cheese melted on top. Occasionally, bacon and a fried egg are added on top of the rösti.

## Drink

Beer is the most popular alcoholic drink in Graubünden. The beer Calanda Bräu is brewed in Chur. Wine is made in the canton as well. Von Salis grows wine in the villages Malans, Jenins and Maienfeld, which is unusual for Switzerland let alone Graubünden.
Mineral water is also bottled in vast amounts in Graubünden. The water Valser is bottled in Vals and Calanda Wasser is bottled in Lenzerheide. Apfelmost, available in alcoholic and non-alcoholic forms, is a refreshing apple drink, similar to cider.

## Stay safe

There is very little crime in Switzerland, Graubünden being one of the safest cantons. There may be areas of Chur that could be dodgy after dark.

## Go next

Italy and Austria border much of Graubünden and both countries are easily accessed from the Engadin and San Bernadino pass. There is also the rest of Switzerland to explore, including the nearby Italian-speaking region of Ticino.