# Hunter

Hunter is a region in New South Wales directly to the north of Sydney. It is also often referred to as the "Hunter Valley", though it only forms a specific part of the region. It contains the state's second largest city, Newcastle, which has a population of 390k, and a greater metropolitan area of over 600,000.
Parts of the region are a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia, though most of it is in national parks. Geologically, the region is rich in coal; Newcastle is the world's largest coal exporting harbour.

## Regions

Though everything in the Hunter region is directly covered in this article, the Hunter is generally divided up into three regions: Greater Newcastle, the Hunter Valley, and the Upper Hunter.
* Greater Newcastle NSW's second largest metropolitan area may only be 15% of the size of its largest, Sydney, but has become a nice, quieter, northerly alternative to Sydney. Here, you can find the Southern Hemisphere's largest coastal sand dunes, an interesting mix of food, and many coal deposits. Newcastle is the world's largest coal exporting harbour, but you as a traveller can find traces of the region's coal mining industry throughout Greater Newcastle.
* Hunter Valley The Hunter Valley is the wine region of New South Wales. While there are a few other smaller wine regions such as the Riverina, it's a weekend day-trip for many eager wine tasters.
* Upper Hunter Possibly the least interesting region of the Hunter, and is mostly visited en route whilst travelling along Highway 15. It's two main highlights are the two towns of Muswellbrook and Scone, both of which are primarily farming towns.

### Greater Newcastle

The Greater Newcastle region usually refers to the five councils of Newcastle, Cessnock, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, and Port Stephens. However, for travel purposes, Cessnock is considered to be a part of the Hunter Valley.
* Newcastle Newcastle's core centre where all the city's bustling actions happen.
* Lake Macquarie Though it's a satellite city of Newcastle, Lake Macquarie's population is half of the City of Newcastle's. The city surrounds Lake Macquarie, making it popular for lake-based water activities and cycling.
* Maitland Another one of Newcastle's satellite cities but to the northwest of Newcastle, almost completely missed by travellers. There aren't many sights to see in Maitland, but it does provide a good base for exploring the Hunter Valley – especially when you find out everything in Cessnock has been booked out.
* Port Stephens Port Stephens can be described as its own region in its own right. Massive sand dunes, stretching for kilometers on end characterise the region's setting. It even contains the Southern Hemisphere's largest coastal sand dunes!
Though Cessnock makes up Greater Newcastle's fifth local government area, it is not continuous unlike the other four and you will need to pass a decent amount of bushland to reach Cessnock. Additionally, as many travellers solely visit Cessnock for the wineries, it is a separate destination for travel purposes.

## Cities
### Greater Newcastle

* -32.916151.7661 Newcastle – the state's second largest settlement and a former steel industry centre. Beaches and coffee shops.
* -33.033151.632 Lake Macquarie - coastal community to the south of Newcastle
* -32.732151.5513 Maitland – a satellite city immediately northwest of Newcastle

### Hunter Valley

* -32.584167151.7819444 Clarence Town
* -32.83272151.356335 Cessnock – the regional centre of the Hunter Valley.
* -32.398333151.75256 Dungog – a small country town at the very heart of the northern Hunter's dairy industry
* -32.411667151.5033337 Gresford
* -32.816151.4838 Kurri Kurri is a small town near Maitland famous for its many murals
* -32.596944151.69 Paterson
* -32.5667151.166710 Singleton - a mining town inland from Newcastle

### Upper Hunter

* -32.165150.90111111 Aberdeen
* -31.915151.23444412 Moonan Flat – the closest town to the westernmost entrance of the Polblue Honeysuckle section of Barrington Tops National Park.
* -32.27150.913 Muswellbrook – regional centre of the Upper Hunter
* -31.765150.83444414 Murrurundi
* -32.083333150.8515 Scone - the "horse capital of Australia"
* -32.531389151.56888916 Vacy

## Other destinations

* -32.048333151.5011111 Barrington Tops National Park – southernmost park of the UNESCO World Heritage listed Gondwana Rainforests of Australia
* -32.776711151.2981572 Pokolbin is the heart of the Hunter Valley wine region, with countless cellar doors
* -32.6991152.12383 Port Stephens is a popular rural coastal area north of Newcastle, with beaches, sand dunes and dolphin spotting
* -32.752778152.1408334 Tomaree National Park – a small national park near Port Stephens
* -32.848333151.4177785 Werakata National Park
* -32.944192151.1486296 Wollombi - small historical village
* -33.042150.7867 Yengo National Park – a world heritage national park, part of the Greater Blue Mountains Area

## Understand

The Hunter is a popular region to the north of Sydney that provides rest and relaxation away from the big city. It is famous for both its vineyards and its coastal areas.
The Hunter Valley is a well-known rest and relaxation destination for weekends away from Sydney. The Hunter Region is one of Australia's most famous wine-growing regions, known for both its red and white wine varieties. It is a good destination for tourists who want a change of scenery from Australia's largest city. The main industries in the Hunter Region are coal mining, agriculture, viticulture and wine making, tourism, horse breeding, electricity production, dairy farming and beef cattle farming.

## Get in
### By car

The Hunter is one of the few regions of NSW where you can get by to your destination mostly using freeways and/or divided dual carriageways. The Pacific Motorway (M1), sometimes referred to as the Sydney–Newcastle Freeway, is one of NSW's first regional freeways, links Sydney to the outer western suburbs of Newcastle. From Newcastle, you can use the Hunter Expressway (M15) westwards towards many of the Hunter Valley's wineries and onwards toward Singleton, Muswellbrook, and the Central West.

### By train

Newcastle Interchange is about 2.5 hours from Sydney Central station. Outside of central Newcastle, most of the region is difficult to tour without a car.

### By bus

There are local buses from the Central Coast to the Hunter Valley and also the Greyhound bus from Sydney and Brisbane to Newcastle.

### By plane

Newcastle has its own domestic airport (NTL), with regular flights from other Australian destinations. There are flight connections to Sydney, although the time spent getting to Sydney airport, checking in and flying rarely makes this an attractive option except if you are travelling on another flight.

### By helicopter

A helicopter flight from Sydney is a quick and stylish way to arrive in the Hunter Valley in around 45 minutes. Helicopter tours to the Hunter Valley depart from Sydney Airport and fly to several wineries in Polkolbin including Bimbadgen Estate & Bistro Molines, or directly to Cessnock Airport.

## Get around
### By train

There are suburban train services from Newcastle Interchange up through the Hunter Valley as far as Scone or Dungog. Regional (booked) services run from Sydney and Broadmeadow as far as Scone, Dungog and further beyond.

### By bus

CDC NSW operates many bus services that connect to train stations.

## See

* Picturesque rural communities are scattered across the valley.
* The large Stockton Sand Dunes are the Southern Hemisphere's largest sand dunes.

## Do
### Wineries

The Hunter Valley is a major wine growing region in Australia. Tours of vineyards and wine tasting tours are a huge industry. A number of local operators run tours of wineries:
* Gone Walkabout Safaris, ☏ +61 2 49158515, info@gonewalkaboutsafaris.com.au. Gone Walkabout Safaris operate 7 days a week with guaranteed departures every day, picking up participants from their accommodation in Newcastle and Hunter Valley. $60 per person.
* Boutique Wine Tours, ☏ +61 2 9499 5444, info@boutiquewinetours.com.au. Boutique Wine Tours run luxury (14 person max) day tours of the Hunter Valley wineries, picking up participants from their accommodation in Sydney. $115 per person with lunch or $99 per person if you purchase your own lunch..
* Aussie Wine Tours, ☏ +61 2 4991 1074 0412 735 809, fax: +61 2 4990 6969, tours@aussiewinetours.com.au. This Cessnock based tour company offers wine tours. From $45 per person (weekends) and $35 per person (weekdays).
* Cheers Bus, ☏ +61 408 987 057, cheersreservations@bigpond.com. This Cessnock based tour company offers wine tours. Half day tours are available, as are full day tours including lunch. From $35 per person.
* Wine Country Limousines, 193 Bimbadeen Road, ☏ +61 2 4991 7484, info@winecountrylimousines.com.au. Mount View. Up to seven people can share a limousine for a wine tour from 10AM to 5PM.
For those people in their own vehicle and not on a tour a good place to start is the Hunter Valley Visitor Information Centre at 455 Wine Country Drive adjacent to Cessnock Airport. They have maps and helpful suggestions. It is more fun to visit individual vineyards rather than premises carrying a range of wines from different winemakers so keep that in mind when seeking recommendations.

### Natural Attractions

* Mt Royal National Park, part of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia World Heritage area

## Eat

Most wineries offer excellent restaurants to go with your wine tasting

## Drink

The Hunter wine region is one of Australia's best known wine regions, playing a pivotal role in the history of Australian wine as one of the first wine regions planted in the early 19th century. The success of the Hunter Valley wine industry has been dominated by its proximity to Sydney with its settlement and plantings in the 19th century fuelled by the trade network that linked the valley to the city. The steady demand of consumers from Sydney continues to drive much of the Hunter Valley wine industry, including a factor in the economy by the tourism industry. While the Hunter Valley has been supplanted by the massive Riverina wine region as the largest producer of New South Wales wine, it still accounts for around 3% of Australia's total wine production and is one of the country's most recognisable regions. Today, there's plenty of vineries that anyone can go wine tasting and can be found nearly everywhere.

## Go next

* Head north towards the Mid-North Coast.
* Head south towards the Central Coast.
* Head west towards the Central West.
* Head south-west towards the New England.
* Head south-west towards Sydney.