# Galilee Panhandle

The Galilee Panhandle (Hebrew: אצבע הגליל, Finger of Galilee) is the northernmost part of Israel (not including the Golan Heights), a narrow strip of land running north-south.

## Cities

* 33.21204435.5705721 Kiryat Shmona (Hebrew: קרית שמונה) – Israel's northernmost city and the only city in this region, with a population of 22,000.
* 33.27692935.5785952 Metulla – Israel's northernmost town.

## Understand

It borders Lebanon to the west and north, the Golan Heights to the east, and the rest of the Galilee region to the south. It is a rural area mostly known for its natural beauty.
Geographically, the Finger of Galilee mainly consists of two parts: the Hula Valley, a very flat region known for agricultural kibbutzim and as a focus of bird migration, and the Naftali Mountains, a steep hilly region along the Lebanese border. Route 90, the main road in the area, runs north-south on the boundary between these areas.
Kiryat Shmona is the urban center of the region. It has facilities like stores and restaurants that will be of use to travelers, and it's the destination for all the area's buses. However, it is not very interesting.

## Get in
### By road

From the south, one drives into Kiryat Shmona on Route 90 from the direction of the Sea of Galilee.
There is frequent bus service from Haifa (routes 500, 505), Tel Aviv (840, 845), Safed (511), and Tiberias (541, 840). The bus from Tel Aviv takes 3 to 4 hours; the one from Haifa two hours. Buses from Jerusalem (963) are infrequent. Buses terminate at the 33.2094135.569251 Kiryat Shmona Central Bus Station.

### By air

Ayit Airways$^{[deadlink]}$ has two daily flights between Tel Aviv (Sde Dov Airport) and the 32.9769735.572932 Rosh Pina airport just to the south of the Finger of Galilee. Cost is ₪260 per person (₪185 for residents of the north). Sundays-Thursdays, no weekend service.

## Get around

The fastest way is by private car. Infrequent buses run from Kiryat Shmona to neighboring villages and to the Golan Heights. Taxis are easily obtained, they are expensive if you want to go a long distance, but sometimes you can share with other people and it will be cheaper. Hitch-hiking is also accepted and possible.

## See

* 33.27888935.5766671 Metulla. The northernmost community in Israel. Somewhat yuppified. Until 2000 it was home to the "Good Fence", a border crossing where Lebanese citizens could cross into Israel to work and receive medical care. But since Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon, the border has become heavily militarized and little trace of the Good Fence can be seen.
* 33.2338835.577292 Tel Hai. Established in 1907 by workers from the nearby Jewish town of Metulla, Tel Hai was attacked by an Arab militia in 1920. Eight people were killed in the attack, including Joseph Trumpledor, one of the few Jewish pioneers at the time to have any military experience. In retrospect this is often seen as the very first military confrontation of the Israeli-Arab conflict. Trumpledor's alleged last words were "No matter, it is good to die for our country" and for decades afterwards he was seen an Israeli military hero. Now the site has been restored as a museum about the early Jewish pioneers who lived here.
* 33.23883835.5763163 Kfar Giladi. The eight pioneers killed in Tel Hai are buried here. Near their grave, in 1934 a large statue of a lion was erected as a memorial to them.
* 33.23835.60864 Prehistoric Man Museum (In Kibbutz Maayan Baruch). daily 10-13:30. Exhibits prehistoric artifacts recovered in the area, particularly from ancient burial caves located near the museum. Among the exhibits is the oldest known domestic dog skeleton in the world, 12,000 years old. ₪20/18/16/10 adult/student/child/disabled&senior.
* 33.01833335.5691675 Tel Hazor National Park (Route 90 to the Ayelet HaShachar interchange, then 2 km south to the site), ☏ +972 4-6937290. winter 8-16:00, summer 8-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. The largest ancient ruin in modern Israel and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. When the Israelites first entered the Holy Land, this was the largest city in the land, and the book of Joshua describes them conquering it. Later on, King Solomon fortified Hatzor, and still later a sophisticated underground water supply system was built. You can see all these ruins, including the water system which you can climb down into. At the entrance of Kibbutz Ayelet HaShachar (just across the street from Tel Hatzor), there is a museum which holds some artifacts from the site, although the most important artifacts are kept in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. ₪22/9 adult/child.

### Nature reserves

* 33.2411135.680616 Banias (Hermon Stream Nature Reserve), ☏ +972 4-6902577 (springs), +972 4-6950272 (waterfall & trails). winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. One of Israel's best-known nature sites. This national park follows the Banias stream, and includes some easy and fairly short hiking trails that pass by old water mills, vigorous rapids, a waterfall, and an old overturned Syrian tank. The river Nahal Hermon, one of the Jordan River's main tributaries, originates here, passing through a series of rapids and the most powerful waterfall in Israel. You can also see ruins from the Hellenistic city of Paneas (after the Greek god Pan), whose name became Banias in Arabic. A little down stream a trail with numerous pillars (33.238735.68263 "suspended trail") to the Banias waterfall. ₪28/24/14 adult/student/child.
* 33.282735.581817 Iyon Stream Nature Reserve (Nahal Ayun), ☏ +972 4-6951519, st-iyyon@npa.org.il. winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. A beautiful nature reserve following one of the tributaries of the Jordan River, next to Metulla. The river flows through a canyon and goes over several waterfalls, the highest of them over 20 meters tall. ₪28/24/14 adult/student/child.
* 33.2315135.625148 Snir Stream Nature Reserve (Nahal Snir), ☏ +972 4-6950064. winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. A nature reserve on one of the Jordan River's tributaries. The Snir Stream (Hatsbani) has a powerful flow here, and if you're lucky you can see various forms of wildlife. ₪28/24/14 adult/student/child.
* 33.24726635.6532749 Tel Dan Nature Reserve (11 km east of the Metsudot junction, near the Kibbutz Dan), ☏ +972 4-6951579. winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. A beautiful nature reserve with the largest water spring in the Middle East. It also contains a Biblical Tel, the ruins of ancient Dan, famous for the Israelite temple uncovered there. You can see the remains of the altar built by King Jeroboam as an alternative to worship in Jerusalem, as well as Abraham's Gate which is one of the world's earliest attested arch constructions, dating to around 1700 BCE when (according to the Bible) Abraham visited the area. Nearby Ussishkin House is a museum documenting the Tel and its natural environment. The Israel National Trail begins here. ₪28/24/14 adult/student/child.
* 33.0675435.6032110 Hula Nature Reserve, ☏ +972 4-693-7069. 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. The Hula Lake was once a massive area of wetlands, which served as a stopping place for huge numbers of birds on their yearly migration from Europe to Africa and back again. Most of the wetlands were drained to eliminate malaria and create new farmland, but one part of the lake was revived and is now a national park. Every year 500 million birds pass through this park, especially in the migration seasons of fall and spring. There is a 3-story lookout tower, a boardwalk over the lake, and other facilities to help you observe them. ₪35/21 adult/child.

## Do
### Nature

The ridge to the north and west of Kiryat Shmona is great for hiking, mountain biking, and free-riding. There is a spectacular panoramic view of the Hula Valley and the Golan Heights. If you are adventurous, you might try paragliding.
The northern Jordan River is a popular site for kayaking, rafting, and other water activities. The water is pleasantly cool even on the hottest days of summer. You can do this in several different places:
* 33.2250935.61391 HaGoshrim Kayaks.
* 33.1769235.615052 Kfar Blum Kayaking.
* 33.0255635.627193 Jordan River Rafting.
* 32.9081335.625494 Abu Kayak. Closed on Saturdays.

### Other things to do

* 33.1930535.566545 Manara Cliff. On a steep 800-meter-high mountain just south of Kiryat Shmona. The highlight is a cable car which leads to the top of the hill, where there is a beautiful view of the Hula valley and Lebanon. Other attractions include rappelling, climbing walls, and a toboggan run. The site is relatively expensive - a round-trip cable car ride costs about ₪70 per person, and the other attractions have separate tickets.
* 33.2781435.579646 Canada Centre, Metulla. Go skating in Israel's only full-sized ice rink, fittingly located in the northernmost inhabited place in all of Israel (though the weather is no colder than elsewhere in Israel).
* 33.22989535.6397 $^{[formerlydeadlink]}$ Shulman Chocolate Museum, Kibbutz Dafna, ☏ +972 54 590-2198. A small chocolate factory with attached visitors' center and boutique chocolate shop. You can see or buy interesting chocolate sculptures, and you can take part in chocolate activities, mostly intended for kids.

## Buy

This region is not a shopping destination. The one thing you might want to buy here is hiking and camping gear if you forgot to bring it with you:
* 33.2197535.58811 Hagor Tzafon, Kiryat Shmona north industrial zone. Hiking and camping goods
* Camping HaTzafon, HaMakabim 13, Kiryat Shmona.

## Eat

Eating in Kiryat Shmona is probably not at the level of gourmands. Nevertheless, there are a number of Israeli-style places to eat where you can walk away feeling satisfied and well-nourished.
At the most basic level, there are any number of falafel stands. Probably the best is Falafel Shel Aharon, across the street from the police station in the Rasko shopping center. Another good one is found in Kikar HaHistadrut, near the municipal auditorium.
More elegant dining is found in a number of places that combine Italian influence with Israeli style. These include:
Toscana - Just outside of town on Highway 99 in the direction of the Golan Heights, this place is recommended for good coffee and fine Israeli-style breakfasts.
Focaccia Bar - In a small shopping center on Highway 99 near the entrance to Kibbutz Ma'ayan Baruch, this place has outstanding wood-fired pizza.

## Sleep

Kiryat Shmona has no hotels inside the city limits. So either stay at a tsimmer (what most Israelis do), or at a hotel in a nearby kibbutz.
* 33.233435.5826771 HI Tel Hai Hostel (אכסניית אנ"א תל חי), ☏ +972 2-594-5666, tel-hai@iyha.org.il. $$$.
* 33.05915135.6128042 At Our Yard - Vacation Apartments in Upper Galilee, Hamayasedim 4, Yesod HaMa'ala, ☏ +972 52-324-9440. Try booking.com/hotel/il/at-our-yard-ysvd-hm-lh.en-gb.html ...
* 33.22736735.6473293 אירוח משק קורלנדר, Yuvalim St 60, She'ar Yashuv, ☏ +972 54-937-3344, farm@kurlender.co.il. Farm stay.
* 33.24548735.5747364 $^{[formerlydeadlink]}$ Kfar Giladi Hotel, ☏ +972 4 690-0000.
* 33.174235.60995 Pastoral Hotel (Pastoral Hotel Kfar Blum), Kfar Blum, 12150 (in Hula Valley), ☏ +972-4-6836611, res@pastoralhotel.org. Check-in: 15:00, check-out: 11:00. 193 rooms, green spaces, clear air. The hotel has a high-quality spa, featuring a variety of water facilities and body treatments, an Olympic-sized pool (open in the summer months), a restaurant serving an international range of cuisines and a conference center.
* 33.19591335.5458446 Kibbutz Manara hotel, Manara, ☏ +972 4 690-8209, +972 4-690-8198, tayarot@manara.co.il. A more basic - and much less expensive - hotel service than Kfar Giladi or Pastoral, but gives the advantage of truly stunning views of both Lebanon and the Huleh Valley right from your hotel window.
* 33.28242135.5739957 Lev-ari Guest House, Metulla, ☏ +972 4 694-9393.

## Stay safe

Southern Lebanon, which borders the Galilee Panhandle, is controlled by the Hizbullah militia which is dedicated to destroying Israel. There have only been a handful of border incidents since the 2006 Israel-Hizbullah war. But a major war could in theory break out at any time. The regions immediately next to the border (typically 1 km away or less) are heavily militarized. If you see any military installations, or signs declaring areas to be closed military zones, stay away!

## Go next

* Golan Heights – If you've made it this far, you might as well continue a few last kilometers east. In particular, northern Golan attractions like Mount Hermon and Nimrod Castle are very close to Kiryat Shmonah, Tel Dan, and other northern Galilee Panhandle destinations.