# Pays de la Loire

The Pays de la Loire is an extensive region of north-western France to the west and south-west of Paris. Pays de la Loire has numerous prominent monuments, such as the castles of Laval, and the Nantes Château des Ducs de Bretagne, the Royal Fontevraud Abbey (the widest monastic ensemble in Europe), and the old city of Le Mans. It also has many natural parks such as the Brière and the Marsh of Poitou.

## Departments

* Loire-Atlantique
* Maine-et-Loire
* Mayenne
* Sarthe
* Vendée

## Cities

* 47.217222-1.5538891 Nantes is the capital of the Pays de la Loire, though many consider it part of Brittany.
* 47.472778-0.5555562 Angers is a medium-sized city which is the capital of the Maine-et-Loire department and has a château with an amazing set of Medieval depictions of the end times, the Tapestry of the Apocalypse.
* 47.086944-1.2836113 Clisson is a charming city rebuilt in the early 19th century, in the style of Tuscany towns, with a ruined castle
* 47.671944-0.2413894 Durtal has an 11th-century castle, and beautiful gardens
* 47.328056-2.4291675 Guerande a walled city known for locally produced Breton salt in Salt Marshes
* 47.285833-2.3922226 La Baule or La Baule-Escoublac, is a city on the Atlantic Ocean coast, in the département of Loire-Atlantique
* 48.0041670.1969447 Le Mans is best known for its annual 24 Hours automobile race but also has a fine cathedral.
* 46.496389-1.7847228 Les Sables d'Olonne is a subprefecture in Vendee
* 47.2163890.0569449 Montsoreau is a small historical town, known for its château, the only château of the Loire Valley to have been built in the Loire riverbed. Today, it is a museum of contemporary art.
* 47.273611-2.21388910 Saint-Nazaire is a port town at the mouth of the Loire, near Nantes.
* 47.259167-0.07805611 Saumur is a small historical town, site of a dramatically situated château and the heart of its own world-renowned wine district.

## Other destinations

* 47.6933330.4180561 Château-du-Loir – A small market town on the river Le Loir in the south of Sarthe
* 47.1822220.0497222 Fontevrault (more fully, Fontevrault-L'Abbaye) – An historic town in the Loire Valley
* 47.001389-2.2433333 Noirmoutier-en-l'Île – A picturesque island with oyster farms, salt drying lakes, several ancient windmills, beautiful beaches and an interesting road through the tidal flats.
* 47.7032-0.07744 La Flèche – A town on the Loire river in the French department of Sarthe
* 46.724167-2.3483335 L'Île-d'Yeu – An island and commune just off the Vendée coast of western France
* 46.3289-0.95066 L'Île-D'Elle
* 47.1332-0.153777 Montreuil-Bellay

## Understand

Pays de la Loire is adjoined by the region of Centre-Val de Loire with which it shares many affinities. Both regions border on the Loire Valley and host famous châteaux. The Pays de la Loire is somewhat more diverse, however, and has a long coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, forming the northern part of the Bay of Biscay, within the area known as the Vendée.

### Tourist information

* Pays de la Loire tourism website

## Talk

The language here is much the same as the rest of France, with more northern than southern influences due to the influences from Paris, and basic French will be easily understood. English will generally be understood in tourist destinations and in major cities, especially by younger people. Spanish and German are also commonly understood.
A small part of the region prides itself on its use of the Breton language (the language of Brittany) but this is mostly a tradition and Breton is only taught as a second language nowadays.

## Get in
### By car

From Paris, the A11 autoroute runs to Le Mans and onto Angers and Nantes. The A28 runs from Normandy from the north and Tours from the south to Le Mans. Also from Tours, the A85 links to Angers. From the south, the A83 comes from Niort and runs up through Vendée to Nantes. From Brittany, there are no autoroutes into the region, however, the N165, N137 and N157 run from Morbihan, Rennes (south and west) respectively.

### By train

Le Mans is in the western branch of the LGV Atlantique line, about 1 hr from Paris Montparnasse (commonly known as the TGV service). Standard mainline track then runs onward to Angers and Nantes. The city also has rail connections to Caen to the N and to Tours to the S, to Rennes (via Laval) to the W and to Chartres to the E.
Nantes has rail connections to the N to Rennes and S to La Rochelle as well as to Angers then Le Mans then Paris (2 hr) by TGV.
Angers additionally has rail connection to Le Mans to Tours and to Nantes.
Saumur has rail connections to Nantes as well as Tours and Angers then Paris by TGV.

### By plane

Pays de la Loire is served by two commercial airports:

#### Nantes Atlantique

The main airport in the region has good transport links from the centre of Nantes and is 10 minutes off of the ring road. It has flights from the Caribbean, Africa, North America, and other European airports.

#### Angers – Loire

The only commercial flights go to and come from London City Airport and are run by British Airways. There are three car rental companies operating at the airport: Europcar, Enterprise and Avis. The car park is completely free and has direct access to the terminal.
Also on the airfield is an aviation museum which is worth a visit if you're into that sort of thing.

## Get around

The region has a good rail network, with the majority of services operated by TER Pays de la Loire.

## See and do
### Loire Valley

The Loire river joins the Atlantic Ocean in Saint-Nazaire. The Loire river from Nantes to Saint-Nazaire is mostly boarded by industrial and commercial port facilities, but upstream from Nantes, the banks are much nicer. The Loire Valley is the 3rd most touristy destination in France. It is the largest site in France ever inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List under the heading of Living Cultural Landscapes. Kings, artists and famous authors, seduced by the Loire, were many to take up residence on the banks of the "Royal River". You can enjoy Renaissance Chateaux, medieval fortresses, historical gardens or unspoiled landscapes by car, by foot, by bicycle or on board a barge. Wine, music, literature, art, sailing, and food are also part of this legacy. Many famous Loire castles are in the Pays-de-la-Loire region, including the castle of Angers, the Castle of the Dukes of Brittany in Nantes, the castles of Saumur, Brézé or Ancenis. The castle of Brissac in Maine-et-Loire is the tallest in France.
* Chateau de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art, Montsoreau, is the only chateau of the Loire Valley to have been built in the Loire riverbed. Its collection represent the world largest holding of srt & language works.
* Castle of Saumur is a museum of decorative arts.
* Castle of Brézé.
* Castle of Nantes
* Folies Siffait are terraced gardens along the steep north riverbank 5 km west of Ancenis.
* Castle of Brissac.
* Abbey of Fontevraud.
* Cadre Noir.
* Castle of Montreuil-Bellay.
* Castle of Serrant.
* Hiking. A long-distance hiking trail, the GR3, follows the river, going from castle to castle. An EuroVelo bike trail (EV6) follows much the same path. (updated Nov 2020)

### Museums and exhibitions

As the main city of the region, Nantes features a host of museums, including its famous Natural History museum, the Jules Verne Museum and the Château des Ducs de Bretagne (Dukes of Brittany Castle). It is also famous for its exhibition of the Machines de l'île (Machines of the Isle of Nantes), featuring giant animatronic animals including a life-sized elephant. The Lieu Unique ("The Unique Place") is a cultural center and hammam located in the former factory of the LU biscuit company, a few steps away from the main station.
The Vendée area has a proud history of standing up to the French Republic, having been the main area resisting the French Revolution. That history is featured at the Historial de la Vendée Museum and in the Military Museum in Sainte-Gemme-La-Plaine. Other major museums in Vendée include the Cité des Oiseaux ornithological museum, the Biotopia nature exhibit and the Chocolate Museum in La Roche-sur-Yon.
The famous Royal Abbey of Fontevraud is located in Fontevraud-l'Abbaye in Maine-et-Loire. It is a former monastery and a UNESCO World Heritage site, and hosts the Cultural Center of the West.
* 46.5562-0.6297111 Centre Minier de Faymoreau, Faymoreau, Rue la Cour, ☏ +33 2 51 00 48 48.
* Castle of Angers. The castle of Angers shows in its rooms the tapestries of the Apocalypse, which are one of the world largest set of tapestries of the 14th century.
* Angers Museum of fine arts.
* Nantes Museum of arts.
* Castle of Saumur. Museum of decorative arts.

### Noirmoutier-en-l'Île

This is an island which is connected by a large bridge and by land during low tide. It does not seem to be very well known with tourists, but locals love it. Many things can be seen and done here:
* See the old windmills
* Try inexpensive oysters from one of the many oyster farms
* Buy locally produced sea salt or just visit the salt flats for some surreal pictures
* Relax at one of the numerous beaches
* Cross the 46.929983-2.1219232 Passage du Gois (a road through the tidal flats) just before the tide comes in for some excitement and see how the sea slowly takes possession of the road. (Note, this is potentially dangerous, pay attention to all signs and warnings!)
* Spend 6 hr on top of one of the many emergency pillars/platforms along the tidal flats road, meditating, enjoying the sun or simply being alone in the ocean for once—bring drinking water and sun protection!
* Take a famous Salar de Uyuni picture (for Instagram) without the need to fly to Bolivia or Chile, but simply by arriving in the middle of the tidal flats road moments after the sea released it again, with the water in the tidal flats being smooth and calm, allowing for wonderful reflections of you, your friends, your car, or any ridiculous posture you can imagine.

### Other

* Bretesche Castle.
* Apremont Chateau
* Grand-Lieu Lake is a large wetland southwest of Nantes Airport. Several access points, easiest from the city is Maison du Lac de Grand-Lieu near the village of Bouaye. There's an exhibition centre and guided tours.
* Seaside activities – The Atlantic Ocean coast is a major tourist attraction in summer, with a peak from June to late August. Major seaside resort cities include La Baule, Les Sables d'Olonne, Pornic, Saint Jean-de-Monts, Piriac-sur-Mer and Pornichet. Several islands are also important tourist destinations such as Belle Île, L'Île d'Yeu and Noirmoutier. Fans of sailing shouldn't miss the Vendée Globe regatta, departing every four years from Les Sables d'Olonne.
* Puy du Fou historical theme park. With over 1.5 m visitors a year, this is one of the most popular attractions in the whole of France. It has 5 main attractions, including a birds of prey show and a Roman style gladiator fight and a number of smaller ones. All spectacles are in French, but for the main ones electronic translators are available. A large part of the workers are the park are volunteers from the local community. During peak season, there's a regular "Cinescene", a huge show depicting 700 years of history in the region, but you will need to book separate tickets for it. €31 for adults, kids €22. Booking in advance will give a €3 euro.
* The Airbus factory and the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipwright are located Saint-Nazaire and can be visited.

## Eat

The Pays-de-la-Loire region is quite varied culinarily. Its historical ties with Brittany strongly marked the food tradition in the north of the region, while the coast features all kinds of seafood dishes. The Vendée area also has a strong culinary identity. A region-wide tradition everyone should try is salted butter with large crystals of salt: inhabitants of Pays de la Loire would not have it otherwise.
Brittany's most famous specialty is by far their delicious crêpes, pancakes of wheat or buckwheat, eaten with sweet or savory garnish. Restaurants serving them are called crêperies and will often serve only that. Small kiosks on the street may serve crêpes as well, generally of lower quality and sometimes sweet only. A tourist in the region should try at least one meal of crêpes only, with a savory main course (the most common would be a "complete": eggs, ham and cheese) and a sweet crêpe for dessert. Other specialties from Brittany include the saucisse bretonne, a sausage traditionally eaten wrapped in a buckwheat crêpe, and l'andouille de Guémené, another type of sausage. On the sweet side, the Far Breton cake is a rich cake, served with or without prunes. The Kouign-Amann is another sweet pastry famous for the large quantities of butter used in its making. And you can always top anything with a generous serving of sea-salt caramel ("caramel au beurre salé").
* Seafood is found everywhere but coastal cities will get you the best of the best. Oysters and mussels are favorites. Fish is often served with beurre blanc sauce, whose invention is disputed between Angers and Nantes.
* Salt is produced all along the coast, and the finest fleur-de-sel is made either in Guerande or in Noirmoutier depending on who you ask. In the salt pans, producers also grow the salicorne, a very flavorful seaweed served in salads or as a side.
* Cheese is plentiful throughout the region. Typical of France, almost every city has its type of cheese. Famous ones include the Port-Salut, the Curé Nantais, and the Crémet d'Anjou.
* Biscuits are a tradition in Nantes, where the largest biscuit factories from B.N. and LU were located. You can still visit the old LU factory in central Nantes. Other local sweets in Nantes include the berlingot nantais, a form of hard candy.
* Highly regarded potatoes are grown on the island of Noirmoutier, using seaweed for fertilizer. Locals recommend the early potatoes ("pommes de terre nouvelles"), which are smaller but greater in texture and flavor.
* The city of Challans in Vendée is famous nationwide for its chicken, best eaten roasted.

## Drink

The region grows grape, a lot of it, and makes many wines. The most famous, if you ask a French person, is probably the Muscadet, a white wine that is kept with the lees (the dead yeast) for a full winter, giving it a yeasty, tangy flavor with a light body. Gamay, red or rosé, is typical of the Loire-Atlantique wineries, as well as Gros-Plant. Red Gamay is light-bodies with fruity flavors, and will please amateurs of the more famous Pinot Noir. In Anjou, the white Coteaux du Layon has a beautiful golden robe and will please those who enjoy a sweet white wine.

## Sleep

With a strong tourist industry throughout, it's easy to find hotels, especially along the Atlantic coast. In summer, budget travelers can rent campsites for cheap by getting a few kilometers away from the coast.

## Stay safe

Crime is generally low, although tourist areas in the major cities and along the coast will have some level of pickpockets and scammers.
The city of Nantes has become infamous for its protests, many of which can get quite violent. Avoid the city center if you see a large protest, as cops and looters are known to indiscriminately target people at will.
Despite having a great network of dual carriageways, some of the country roads are narrow, bendy and unsuitable for their 90kph speed limits. Take your time and enjoy the dramatic scenery of the region.

## Go next

Travellers wishing to see more of the Loire Valley can continue further east into the adjoining Centre-Val de Loire region, studded with additional historical cities and chateaux at sites such as Bourges and Saint-Benoît-du-Sault.
Travellers who enjoy the Atlantic coast can go south to Nouvelle-Aquitaine or north to Brittany.