# Welsh phrasebook

Welsh (Cymraeg) is a language spoken by 29% of the population, or around 870,000 people, in Wales (Cymru), according to a 2020 population survey. Welsh speakers are found in every part of Wales, but the highest percentages are in communities in the north and west of the country, where 50% or more use the language every day. There is a sizeable Welsh-speaking diaspora in the rest of the UK, but especially in England (Lloegr), along the border and in its larger cities. The language is also spoken by several thousand people in the Chubut province of Argentina (yr Ariannin), as well as by people scattered around the world. All Welsh speakers old enough to attend school in Wales also speak English, while those in Argentina speak Spanish.
Welsh is a Celtic language closely related to Breton and Cornish, and more distantly to Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic. It has also adopted many loanwords from Latin, French, and English, although the spelling and pronunciation of such words has often been radically altered; for instance, the English verb to smoke and the Latin noun leo (lion) are barely recognisable as ysmygu or llew. The Welsh of Patagonia (Cymraeg y Wladfa) has taken on some loanwords from Spanish not found in British dialects.

## Pronunciation guide

Welsh is a relatively phonetic language, with most letters having only one pronunciation. Complications may arise with the various consonantal digraphs, particularly "dd" which is represented in English as "th" as in "breathe", while "th" is represented in English as "th" as in "think"; "ll" is a famously difficult (and common) sound for non-Welsh speakers to produce - made by positioning the tongue at the top front of the mouth and blowing, and represented here as "lh". "Ch" is always pronounced like the German name "Bach" or the Scottish "loch"; the sound which appears in the English word "church" is represented by "ts".
There are relatively minor pronunciation differences between northern and southern Welsh, most notably that "i" on the one hand and "u" and "y" are two distinct sounds on the other in the north, while in the south these letters are pronounced identically as the sound of "i".
Unless overridden by an accent mark, the stress in Welsh words nearly always falls on the last but one syllable of a word. As syllables get added to words, for example to denote a plural or a female person of a particular occupation, the sound of a word can change dramatically.
Welsh is written in a version of the Latin alphabet containing 29 letters, including 8 digraphs which count as separate letters for collating purposes (and crossword puzzles): a, b, c, ch, d, dd, e, f, ff, g, ng, h, i, j, l, ll, m, n, o, p, ph, r, rh, s, t, th, u, w, y.
The letters v, x and z do not exist in normal Welsh usage, but have been adopted from English for limited use e.g. in personal names. "K" is regarded as redundant in Welsh as the sound is always represented by "c", but it is found in the prefix "kilo-", although "cilo-" is always acceptable.

### Vowels

Vowels in Welsh can have accent marks, most commonly the circumflex (^), called the to bach (little roof), which lengthens the sound of the vowel, and the acute (´), which shortens it. Occasionally the diaeresis (¨) appears, dividing two vowel sounds from each other. Vowel sounds tend to resemble those of major continental European languages rather than English.
There are seven vowels in Welsh, which have both short and long forms. The following sounds are only approximations in English:

#### a

    like "pat"

#### â

    like "father"

#### e

    like "pet"

#### ê

    like "pear"

#### i

    like "pit"

#### î

    like "machine"

#### o

    like "pot"

#### ô

    "port"

#### u

    like "pit" (South Wales)
    like a French "u" as in "tu" (North Wales)

#### û

    like "machine" (South Wales)
    longer version of French "u" as in "tu" (North Wales)

#### w

    when followed by a consonant or at the end of a word, like "u" in "put"
    when followed by a vowel, like "w" in "well"

#### ŵ

    like "oo" as in "moon"

#### y

    when the only or last vowel in a word, like "i" in "pit"
    when earlier in a word, like "u" in "put"
    NB: in a few common words, such as fy (my) and dy (your), y is pronounced as in "put"

#### ŷ

    like "machine"

### Consonants
#### b

    like "b" in "bed".

#### c

    like "c" in "cat".

#### ch

    like "ch" in German "Bach" or Scottish "loch".

#### d

    like "d" in "death".

#### dd

    like "th" in "the".

#### f

    like "v" in "van".

#### ff

    like "f" in "fun".

#### g

    like "g" in "garden".

#### ng

    like "ng" in "pong". Sometimes, like in "finger".

#### h

    like "h" in "heart".

#### j

    like "j" in "jump"

#### l

    like "l" in "link".

#### ll

    place the tongue at the top of the mouth, and blow.

#### m

    like "m" in "meet".

#### n

    like "n" in "news".

#### p

    like "p" in "pen".

#### ph

    like "ph" in "philosophy".

#### r

    like "r" in "red" (well rolled, as in Scottish pronunciation).

#### rh

    an aspirated, breathy "r".

#### s

    like "s" in "state".

#### si + vowel (not a consonant, but a sound)

    like "sh" in "shore".

#### t

    like "t" in "time".

#### th

    like "th" in "think".

#### ts + vowel (not a consonant, but a sound)

    like "ch" in "chocolate"

### Common diphthongs

Only southern forms unless otherwise stated. English approximations are also given.

#### ae

    like "eye".

#### ai

    like "eye".

#### au

    like "aye", with a rounded closing sound. When used as the plural marker, often pronounced "ah" in the north and "eh" in the south.

#### aw

    like "ow!".

#### ei

    like "ey" in "hey!"

#### eu

    like "ey" in "hey!", but with a rounded closing sound.

#### ew

    like "eh-oo" said quickly.

#### ey

    like "ey" in "hey!".

#### iw

    like "you".

#### oe

    like "oy" in "boy".

#### oi

    like "oy" in "boy".

#### ou

    like "oy" in "boy".

#### uw

    like "you".

#### wy

    like "oo-ee".

#### yw

    like "you" (in monosyllables).

#### yw

    like "uh-oo" (in polysyllabics).
The differences between some of the diphthongs are often very subtle.

## Grammar

Grammatically, Welsh is relatively complex with two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine, which all nouns are assigned to, and also masculine and feminine forms of the numbers "two" "three" and "four" which have to match the gender of the object being counted; there are also two separate counting systems, decimal (base 10) and the more traditional vigesimal (base 20). The phenomenon of mutation is a characteristic of the Celtic languages, where the initial letters of words change depending on the grammar of the sentence, which can make tracking words down in a dictionary difficult.

## Phrase list
### Basics
#### Hello.

    Helo. (Hello)

#### Hello. (informal)

    S'mae. (s-my) (north) / Shwmae (shoo-my?) (south))

#### How are you? (formal)

    Sut ydych chi? (north) Shwd ych chi? (south)

#### How are you? (informal)

    Sut wyt ti? (north) Shwd wyt ti? (south)

#### Fine, thank you.

    Iawn, diolch. (yown, DEE-ol'ch)

#### What is your name? (formal)

    Be' ydy'ch enw chi? (bay UHdi'ch ENoo ch'ee?)

#### What is your name? (informal)

    Be' ydy dy enw di? (bay UHdi duh ENoo dee?)

#### My name is ______ .

    ______ ydy f'enw i. (_____ you ven-oo ee.)(South) ______ (North)

#### Nice to meet you.

    Braf cwrdd â chi. (Brahv corth ah khi)

#### Please.

    Os gwelwch chi'n dda. (Ahs guWELLuch in tha)

#### Thank you [very much].

    Diolch [yn fawr]. (DEE-ol'ch [un vowr])

#### You're welcome.

    Croeso. (CROY-so)
There are no exact equivalents of "yes" and "no" in Welsh; the concept is conveyed grammatically with regard to agreement between the person and tense by indicating agreement or disagreement e.g. "yes there is" or "no there is not", which is said in different ways depending on how the question was phrased. If the question begins "Oes...?" or "A oes...?" ("Is there...?") then the reply is "oes" or "nac oes"; if the question begins "Ydy...?" ("Is...?") then the reply is "ydy" or "nac ydy" etc

#### Yes.

    Ie (ee-yeah)

#### No.

    Na (Nah)

#### Excuse me. (getting attention)

    Esgusodwch fi. (es-gis-OD-oo'ch vee)

#### Excuse me. (begging pardon)

    Esgusodwch fi. (es-gis-OD-oo'ch vee)

#### I'm sorry.

    Mae'n ddrwg gen i. (My uhn th'roog gen ee)

#### Goodbye (Formal)

    Da bo chi. (Da BO ch'ee)

#### Goodbye (Informal)

    Hwyl! (hooill)

#### I can't speak Welsh [well].

    Alla i ddim siarad Cymraeg [yn dda]. (Alh'a ee thim SHARad kym-RYE-g [uhn tha])

#### Do you speak English?

    Ydych chi'n siarad Saesneg? (UD-ich ch'een SHARad SAYES-neg?)

#### Is there someone here who speaks English?

    Oes rhywun yma sy'n siarad Saesneg? (Oyss RHEEW-in UMma seen SHARad SAYES-neg?)

#### Help!

    Help! (Help)

#### Look out!

    Hendiwch! (HEN-dyoo'ch!)

#### Good morning.

    Bore da. (BOR-eh dah)

#### Good afternoon.

    Prynhawn da. (PROINhaun dah) (North)

#### Good evening.

    Noswaith dda. (NOSS-why-th thah) (South) (NOSS-waith-thah) (North)

#### Good night.

    Nos da. (NOHS dah)

#### Good night (to sleep)

    Nos da. (NOHS dah)

#### I don't understand.

    Dw i ddim yn ddeall. (DWEE thim in THEEall)

#### Where is the toilet?

    Ble mae'r tŷ bach? (Blay my'r tee bahch?)

### Numbers
#### 0

    dim (dim)

#### 1

    un (een)

#### 2

    dau (die) (m); dwy (doo-ey) (f)

#### 3

    tri (tree) (m); tair (tire) (f)

#### 4

    pedwar (PED-war) (m); pedair (PED-ire) (f)

#### 5

    pump (pimp); pum (pim) before a noun

#### 6

    chwech (ch'way'ch); chwe (ch'way) before a noun

#### 7

    saith (sayeth)

#### 8

    wyth (oo-ith)

#### 9

    naw (now)

#### 10

    deg (day-g); deng (deng) before a noun

#### 11

    un ar ddeg (een ar thayg); un deg un

#### 12

    deuddeg (DAY-theg) deuddeng (DAY-theng)before a noun; un deg dau

#### 13

    tri ar ddeg (tree ar thayg); un deg tri

#### 14

    pedwar ar ddeg (PED-war ar thayg); un deg pedwar

#### 15

    pumtheg (PUM-theg), pumtheng (PUM-theng)before a noun; un deg pump

#### 16

    un ar bymtheg (een ar BUM-theg); un deg chwech

#### 17

    dau ar bymtheg (die ar BUM-theg); un deg saith

#### 18

    deunaw (DAY-now); un deg wyth

#### 19

    pedwar ar bymtheg (PED-war ar BUM-theg); un deg naw

#### 20

    ugain (IG-ine); dau ddeg

#### 21

    un ar hugain (een ar IG-ine); dau ddeg un

#### 22

    dau ar hugain (die ar HIG-ine); dau ddeg dau

#### 23

    tri ar hugain (tree ar HIG-ine); dau ddeg tri

#### 30

    deg ar hugain (DAYG ar HIG-ine); tri ddeg

#### 40

    deugain (DAY-gine); pedwar deg

#### 50

    hanner cant (HAN-ner kant); pum deg

#### 60

    trigain (TRIG-ine); chwe deg

#### 70

    deg a thrigain (DAYG ah THRIG-ine); saith deg

#### 80

    pedwar ugain (PED-war IG-ine); wyth deg

#### 90

    deg a phedwar ugain (DAYG ah FED-war IG-ine); naw deg

#### 91

    un ar ddeg a phedwar ugain (een ar thayg ah FED-war IG-ine); naw deg un

#### 100

    cant (KANT); can (can) before a noun

#### 200

    dau gant (die gant)

#### 300

    tri chant (tree ch'ant)

#### 1000

    mil (meel)

#### 2000

    dwy fil (doo-eey veel)

#### 1,000,000

    miliwn (MIL-ioon)

#### number _____ (train, bus, etc.)

    rhif _____ (Rheev)

#### half

    hanner (HAN-ner)

#### less

    llai (lhie)

#### more

    mwy (moo-ee)

### Time
#### now

    rŵan (ROO-an)[North]; nawr (NOW-r) [South]

#### later

    hwyrach (HOOIR-ach)

#### before

    cyn (kin)

#### after

    wedi (weddy)

#### morning

    bore (BOR-eh)

#### in the morning

    yn y bore (un uh BOR-eh)

#### afternoon

    prynhawn (PRUN-hown) - commonly pronounced p'nown

#### evening

    noswaith (NOSooaith); noson (nosson)

#### in the evening

    gyda'r nos (Gudar nohs)

#### night

    nos (nohs)

#### Clock time
##### one o'clock AM

    un o'r gloch y bore (een oh'r glo'ch uh bor-eh) - 1:00 y.b.; 01:00

##### two o'clock AM

    dau o'r gloch y bore (die oh'r glo'ch uh bor-eh) - 2:00 y.b.; 02:00

##### noon

    hanner dydd (HAN-ner DEE-th) - 12:00 pm

##### one o'clock PM, 13:00

    un o'r gloch y p'nawn (een oh'r glo'ch uh p'nown) - 1:00 y.p.; 13:00

##### two o'clock PM, 14:00

    dau o'r gloch y p'nawn (die oh'r glo'ch uh p'nown) - 2:00 y.p.; 14:00

##### quarter to seven, 18:45

    chwarter i saith - 6.45 y.h.

##### quarter past seven, 19:15

    chwarter wedi saith - 7.15 y.h.

##### half past seven, 19:30

    hanner wedi saith - 7:30 y.h.

##### midnight

    hanner nos (HAN-ner nohs) 12:00 y.b.

#### Duration
##### _____ minute(s)

    _____ munud(au) (MINNID(eh))

##### _____ hour(s)

    _____ awr, pl. oriau (our, plural OR-yai)

##### _____ day(s)

    _____ dydd(iau) (DEEth, plural DUTH-yai)

##### _____ week(s)

    _____ wythnos(au) (OOITH-noss, plural ooith-NOSS-eye)

##### _____ month(s)

    _____ mis(oedd)(mees, plural MIS-oeth)

##### _____ year(s)

    _____ blwyddyn, pl. blynyddoedd (BLOOITH-in, plural blun-UTH-oeth)

##### daily

    yn ddyddiol (uhn dhuh-iol)

##### weekly

    yn wythnosol (uhn ooith-NOSS-ol)

##### monthly

    yn fisol (uhn VIS-ol)

##### yearly

    yn flynyddol (uhn vluh-NUTH-ol)

#### Days
##### today

    heddiw (HETH-you)

##### yesterday

    ddoe (THOY)

##### tomorrow

    yfory (uh-VOR-ee)

##### last night

    neithiwr (NAI-thee-uhr)

##### the day before yesterday

    echdoe (ECH-doy)

##### the night before last

    echnos (ECH-nos)

##### this week

    yr wythnos hon (uhr WITH-nos hon)

##### last week

    yr wythnos diwethaf (uhr WITH-nos dyoo-ETH-av (commonly pronounced "dyoo-ETHA"))

##### next week

    yr wythnos nesaf (uhr WITH-nos NESS-av (commonly pronounced "nessa"))

##### Monday

    Dydd Llun (deethe lheen)

##### Tuesday

    Dydd Mawrth (deethe MOW-rth)

##### Wednesday

    Dydd Mercher (deethe MER-cher)

##### Thursday

    Dydd Iau (deethe IAI)

##### Friday

    Dydd Gwener (deethe GWEN-er)

##### Saturday

    Dydd Sadwrn (deethe SAD-oorn)

##### Sunday

    Dydd Sul (deethe seel)
The word nos can be combined with the names of the days (minus dydd) to mean 'Monday night', 'Tuesday evening', and so on. Because nos is a feminine noun, it mutates some of the following names of days:

##### Monday evening / night

    Nos Lun (nos leen)

##### Tuesday evening / night

    Nos Fawrth (nos VOW-rth)

##### Wednesday evening / night

    Nos Fercher (nos VER-cher)

##### Thursday evening / night

    Nos Iau (nos IAI)

##### Friday evening / night

    Nos Wener (nos WEN-er)

##### Saturday evening / night

    Nos Sadwrn (nos SAD-oorn)

##### Sunday evening / night

    Nos Sul (nos seel)

#### Months
##### January

    Ionawr (ION-our)

##### February

    Chwefror (CHWEV-ror)

##### March

    Mawrth (MOWRTH)

##### April

    Ebrill (EB-rilh)

##### May

    Mai (MY)

##### June

    Mehefin (me-HEV-in)

##### July

    Gorffennaf (gor-FEN-nav)

##### August

    Awst (OWST)

##### September

    Medi (MED-ee)

##### October

    Hydref (HUD-rev)

##### November

    Tachwedd (TACH-weth)

##### December

    Rhagfyr (RAG-vir)
It's sometimes necessary to put the word mis (month) in front of the name, as some have other common meanings. For instance, Mawrth means both "Tuesday" and "Mars", while hydref means "autumn".

#### Writing time and date

Dates are written day/month/year. So if you see 04-12-2003, you know that's y pedwerydd o Rhagfyr, not April 12. A date (18-12-1963) fully spelled out is y deunawfed o Ragfyr mil naw chwe tri (you specify the number of thousands, then the individual number of the hundreds, tens, and units; for years from 2000 onwards say "dwy fil" (two thousand) followed by the significant number, omitting the zeroes - thus 2005 is "dwy fil a phump" (two thousand and five), compared with 1987 which was "mil naw wyth saith" ((one) thousand nine eight seven).
The ordinals are as follows. The feminine form is given with feminine nouns.
    1st - 1af, cyntaf
    2nd - 2il, ail
    3rd - 3ydd, trydydd (m.), trydedd (f.)
    4th - 4ydd, pedwerydd (m.), pedwaredd (f.)
    5th - 5ed, pumed
    6th - 6ed, chweched
    7th - 7fed, seithfed
    8th - 8fed, wythfed
    9th - 9fed, nawfed
    10th - 10fed, degfed
Times are either written in the 24 hour clock or with hours and minutes separated by a colon or dot and suffixed by "y.b." (y bore),"y.p." (y p'nawn) or "y.h." (yr hwyr) equivalent to "a.m." and "p.m.".

#### Seasons
##### spring

    gwanwyn (GWAN-win)

##### summer

    haf (haav)

##### autumn

    hydref (HUD-rev)

##### winter

    gaeaf (GAI-yav)

### Colours
#### black

    du (dee)

#### white

    gwyn (m) / gwen (f) (gwin/gwen)

#### grey

    llwyd (lh'oo-id)

#### red

    coch (KO'ch)

#### blue

    glas (glaas) - note that this word is also used to describe the colour of grass.

#### yellow

    melyn (MELLIN)

#### green

    gwyrdd (m) / gwerdd (f) (gwirth/gwer'th)

#### orange

    oren (ORRen)

#### pink

    pinc (pink)

#### purple

    porffor or glascoch (POR-for or GLASko'ch)

#### brown

    brown (brown)

#### silver

    arian (AR-yan)

#### gold

    aur (ire)

### Transportation
#### Bus and train
##### How much is a ticket to _____?

    Faint yw tocyn i _____ ? (Vy-nt yoo TOK-in ee)

##### One ticket to _____, please.

    Tocyn i _____, os gwelwch yn dda. (TOK-in ee ____ oss GWEL-ookh uhn thah)

##### Where does this train/bus go?

    Ble mae'r trên/bws hwn yn mynd? (blay mire trayn/boos hoon uhn mind?)

##### Where is the train/bus to _____?

    Ble mae'r trên/bws i _____ ? (blay mire trayn/boos i ____)

##### Does this train/bus stop in _____?

    Ydy'r trên/bws hwn yn galw yn _____ ? (Uh deer trayn/bws hoon uhn GA-loo uhn _____)

##### When does the train/bus for _____ leave?

    Pryd mae'r trên/bws i ______ yn gadael? (preed mire trayn/boos i _______ un GAD-ile)

##### When will this train/bus arrive in _____?

    Pryd fydd y trên/bws hwn yn cyrraedd _____ ? (preed veeth uh trayn/boos hoon un KUHR-ithe _____)

##### a one-way ticket

    tocyn sengl

##### a return/round trip ticket

    tocyn dwy ffordd

#### Directions
##### Where is the _____?

    Ble mae'r _____ ? (blay my'r _____)

##### abbey

    abaty (a-BA-tee)

##### beach

    traeth (tryth)

##### bus/railway station

    orsaf fysiau/reilffordd (OR-sav vuh-SHY / RAIL-fordh) (NB: orsaf is a mutation; the base form you'll see on signs is gorsaf)

##### castle

    castell (cas-DELH)

##### church / cathedral

    eglwys / eglwys gadeiriol (eg-LOIS / eg-LOIS ga-DAY-reeol)

##### farm

    fferm (ferm)

##### house / cottage

    tŷ / bwthyn (tee / BUH-thin)

##### hotel

    gwesty (GWES-dee)

##### island

    ynys (UN-iss)

##### lake

    llyn (lheen)

##### library

    lyfrgell (luvr-GELH) (NB: mutation; base form is llyfrgell)

##### market hall

    neuadd y farchnad (NAY-adh uh VARKH-nad)

##### mountain

    mynydd (MUN-idh)

##### museum / gallery

    amgueddfa / oriel (am-ghee-EDH-va / OR-yel)

##### park / garden

    parc / ardd (parc / ardh) (NB: ardd is a mutation; base form is gardd)

##### port / harbour

    porth (porth)

##### pub

    dafarn (da-VARN) (NB: mutation; base form is tafarn)

##### river / stream

    afon / nant (A-von / nant)

##### town/city centre

    canol y dref/ddinas (CAN-ol uh drev / DHI-nas)

##### North

    Gogledd (GOG-ledh')

##### South

    De (day)

##### East

    Dwyrain (DOOY-rine)

##### West

    Gorllewin (gor-LH'EW-in)

##### Turn left / right

    Trowch i'r chwith / dde (trowch eer chweeth / dhe)

#### Taxi
##### Taxi

    Tacsi

### Lodging
#### hotel

    gwesty

#### bed & breakfast

    gwely a brecwast

#### campsite

    gwersyll / maes gwersylla

#### tent

    pabell (pl: pebyll)

#### caravan

    carafán

#### self-catering

    hunan arlwyo

### Money
#### Pound

    Punt (peent)

#### Penny

    Ceiniog (CAY-neeog)
Punt and ceiniog are both feminine nouns, meaning the feminine forms of numbers must be used where they exist (i.e. for 2, 3 and 4). Nouns following numbers never pluralise, so whether you're spending one pound or one hundred pounds, you only say punt. The words for 'two' (dau/dwy) do cause the following noun to soft mutate, however:

#### one pound

    un punt (een peent)

#### two pounds

    dwy bunt (doo-ee peent)

#### two pence

    dwy geiniog (doo-ee GAY-neeog)

#### three pounds

    tair punt (tire peent)

#### four pounds

    pedair punt (PED-ire peent)

#### twenty pence

    ugain ceiniog (IG-ine peent)

### Eating
#### bread

    bara

#### potatoes

    tatws

#### chips (i.e. fries)

    sglodion

#### fish

    pysgod

#### poultry

    ffowlyn

#### meat

    cig

#### lamb

    cig oen

#### sausage

    selsig

#### bacon

    bacwn

#### vegetables

    llysiau

#### cabbage

    bresych

#### carrots

    moron

#### cauliflower

    blodfresych

#### garlic

    garlleg

#### laverbread

    bara lawr

#### leeks

    cennin

#### mushrooms

    madarch

#### parsnips

    pannas

#### peas

    pys

#### swede / turnip

    maip

#### tomato

    tomato

#### fruit

    ffrwyth

#### apple

    afal

#### orange

    oren

#### cheese

    caws

#### eggs

    wyau

#### cake

    cacen (south), teisen (north)

#### chocolate

    siocled

#### sweets

    losin

#### butter

    menyn

#### coffee

    coffi

#### tea

    te

#### water

    dŵr

#### juice

    sudd

#### milk

    llaeth (south), llefrith (north)

#### Welsh produce

    bwyd o Gymru

#### sugar

    siwgr

#### salt

    halen

#### pepper

    pupur

### Bars
#### pub

    tafarn

#### beer

    cwrw

#### bitter

    chwerw

#### real ale

    cwrw go iawn

#### cider

    seidr

#### wine

    gwin

#### white wine

    gwin gwyn

#### red wine

    gwin coch

#### whisky

    chwisgi

#### vodka

    fodca

#### rum

    rym

#### coke

    cola

#### lemonade

    lemonêd

#### A bottle / Half a bottle

    Potel / haner potel

#### A pint / Two pints, please

    Peint / Dau beint, plîs.

#### crisps (potato chips)

    creision (tatws)

#### nuts

    cnau

#### Cheers! (good health)

    Iechyd da!

### Shopping
#### shop / shops

    siop / siopau

#### supermarket

    archfarchnad

#### market

    marchnad

#### dairy

    llaethdy

#### bakery

    popty

#### butcher

    cigydd

#### change

    newid

#### open

    ar agor

#### closed

    ar gau

#### buy

    prynu

#### sell

    gwerthu

### Driving
#### road

    ffordd

#### motorway

    traffordd

#### services

    gwasanaethau

#### car park

    maes parcio

#### insurance

    yswiriant

#### accident

    damwain

#### Is there a petrol station here?

    Oes na orsaf petrol fan hyn?

#### Where's the road to Pandy?

    Ble mae'r ffordd i'r Pandy?

#### The road via Gwersyllt is quicker.

    Mae'r ffordd drwy Gwersyllt yn gyflymach.

#### Try to avoid Cefn-y-Bedd.

    Ceisiwch osgoi Cefn-y-Bedd.

#### Is there a prettier route to Brymbo?

    Oes ffordd perta i fynd i Frymbo?

#### Turn left at the old steel works.

    Trowch i'r chwith ger yr hen waith dur.

#### There's nothing to see there.

    Does dim byd yna i weld yno.

#### There's a petrol station in Rossett but Sainsbury's is cheaper.

    Mae na orsaf petrol yn Yr Orsedd ond mae Sainsbury's yn rhatach

#### You can park in Heol Hyfryd for free.

    Gewch chi barcio yn Heol Hyfryd am ddim.

#### Don't park in Bryn Hyfryd it's a rough area.

    Peidiwch â pharcio ym Mryn Hyfryd - mae'n ardal ryff.

### Authority
#### police

    heddlu (HEDH-lee)

#### fire station

    gorsaf dân (GOR-sav daan)