# Aragon

Aragon (Spanish and Aragonese: Aragón, Catalan: Aragó) is a region in the north of Spain. Despite seeing limited tourist traffic compared to other regions, it holds a wealth of unique sights, with villages and towns rich in architectural history picturesquely extending on the hillsides and in the valleys in the midst of the barren, mountainous countryside

## Cities

* 41.65-0.8833331 Zaragoza — capital of Aragon, with a large cultural and architectural heritage
* 42.0365370.1271822 Barbastro — an ancient Celtiberian city that became a Roman city, then an important centre of Islamic Spain
* 41.35-1.6333333 Calatayud — the mudejar towers of churches in the old city are renowned, and the skyline is dominated by a castle, parts of which date back to 850 AD
* 42.1401-0.4088974 Huesca — gateway to the Pyrenees, an area rich in Romanesque architecture, ski resorts and stunning landscapes
* 42.55-0.555 Jaca — a stopping point en route to the Pyrenees
* 41.783333-0.1666676 Monegros — a desert region known for the Laguna de Sariñena, a wildlife protection area for migrating birds
* 40.343611-1.1072227 Teruel — capital of the namesake province, with a wealth of picturesque architectural heritage

## Towns and villages

* 42.4172220.13758 Ainsa — a medieval town surrounded by mountains with a 12th-century church and an 11th-century castle
* 40.40818-1.443759 Albarracín — noted for its pink-hued sandstone buildings —
* 42.1738890.02722210 Alquezar — a great place for canyoning, walking, rock climbing, abseiling, and ornithology
* 42.4097590.39724611 Campo — a town surrounded by snow-capped Pyrenean mountain peaks
* 42.716656-0.52519812 Canfranc — known for impressive old international railway station
* 42.1905560.33833313 Graus — a village with an impressive basilica and a Buddhist monastery
* 42.738889-0.75027814 Hecho — a town of pretty stone houses, surrounded by formidable mountains, with lots of hiking trails
* 42.336323-0.7528915 Murillo de Gallego —
* 42.627778-0.11222216 Torla — a gateway to the Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park
* 41.715278-0.00888917 Villanueva de Sigena — a small village with an historic monastery

## Other destinations

* 42.6716670.0555561 National Park of Ordesa and Monte Perdido (Huesca). 42.6738890.0333332 Monte Perdido is the third highest mountain in the Pyrenees.
* 42.497347-1.2156813 Sos del Rey Catolico (Zaragoza) — the birthplace of King Ferdinand II of Aragon has an exceptionally well preserved historic centre, with city walls, churches, a plaza, and a palace
* 41.306545-0.7546364 Belchite — a ghost town destroyed during the 1937 Spanish Civil War, now said to be haunted. Visitors have reported paranormal activity around the Plaza de la Cruz, the mass grave, and the towns 2 churches.

## Understand

Aragon is the heart of what was in the Middle Ages the Crown of Aragon, which also included regions like Valencia, Murcia, Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, Venice, the South of Italy, Sicily and some Greek colonies. In the 15th century, its King Ferdinand married Isabel of Castile and formed the Kingdom of Spain. Although it used to have its own language, Aragonese, and laws, over the centuries most of them were lost and it became more like Castile.
Nowadays, Aragon, despite its large size, has a population of only 1.4 million, making it largely uninhabited, with the capital, Zaragoza, holding over half the population.

### Nature

Some interesting plants even for a non-biologist are:
* Blackberry: can be found on the slopes of Guara and Pireneus mountains.
* Acorn: There are two types of non-oak acorn, and at least one of them grows on bushes rather than on trees.

## Talk

Spanish is spoken in Aragon by the whole population.
Aragonese (Aragonese or Castilian: aragonés, also known as fabla), is spoken in the north, but is not recognized as an official language. This language is similar to Catalan and Castilian with some Basque and Occitan influences. Catalan is also spoken in the East of the region (Catalan: 'Franja de Ponent, literally West Strip, being West of Catalunya), though it has no official status.
Because it does not see too much tourist traffic compared to the rest of Spain, it will be hard to encounter locals and guides who speak foreign languages. Some might have a basic command of English. But do learn some Spanish.

## Get in

Aragon is connected to France by roads and tunnels (Somport) but not by train. It has no coast, so it's not accessible by boat.
There is an airport in Zaragoza (ZAZ), served by low-fare carriers offering flights to secondary airports in some European countries, as well as domestic flights. As the Madrid-Barcelona high-speed railway line runs through Aragon, you can also use the airports in Madrid–Barajas Airport (MAD) and Barcelona (BCN), which offer many more international and intercontinental connections.

## Get around
### By car

Roads are high quality in the region and its towns. Even if you go canyoning or other active sports, you typically don't require a 4x4 as you always leave your car in a carpark near the starting point of your activities.

### By bike

Cycling is a very popular sport in this region as the roads are very high quality.

## See

* Isabena valley, a beautiful but very desolate valley in the alta ribagorza
* Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon — ten UNESCO World Heritage Listed buildings around the region
* Monte Perdido/Mont Perdu — located at the border to France, it's the third tallest mountain in the Pyrenees and inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List
* Visit the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Ordesa-Viñamala

## Do

Rock climbing: Los Mallos for serious climbers.
Hydrospeed: Ideal time is April-May, as it requires much water in the rivers.
Whitewater rafting: Multiple operators and a kayaking school can be found in the town of Campo; some rafting can be found in Murillo de Gallego.
* Aguas Blancas.
Hiking : routes can be find in Senderos turisticos de Aragon. Also, you might want to follow the guides of Sobrarbe geopark, where you can find a lot of hinkings trails. You can download a gpx file with 351 tracks here$^{[deadlink]}$, and you can find the individual files here$^{[deadlink]}$.
Canyoning: According to outdoor activities operators, Aragon canyons are the best in Europe (most long and intensive) and third in the world--and there are up to 150 canyons available in the region. In summer, about 16 canyons are in active use. May is ideal time for experienced canyoners: almost every canyon have just enough water, and water is warm enough. June-July and September is good for well-fit canyoners. August is a peak season for non-experienced canyoners looking for fun with minimal effort.
Canyons are both in Sierra de Guara and Pireneus. In the whole region, there's no places for horizontal abseiling (like moving over a rope above a river from one side of canyon to another). Most canyons were originally discovered and gone through in 1970s. Alquezar is the main starting point for canyons in Aragon.
Equipment to bring for commercial canyoning specific for this region: shoes for slippery stones.

### Canyons

* Aigueta de Barbaruens: Features: About 15 jumps up to 10m (several of them in quite unexpected locations); 2 to 4 abseils (two of them are better as high jumps); several slides, including 5m-long and a twisting one (hands-up only). T-shirt is recommended on your way from parking to the canyon: windy even in August; no direct sunlight; bush is not always easy to go through. 70% of canyoning time is spent without direct sunlight. Serious level difference between entry and exit. In late August, very clean water well under 10°C.
* Alcanadre
* Balces
* Basender
* Cabrito
* Chimiachas
* Formiga: Typical durations: 3 hours in canyon; 45min walk to entry to canyon from nearest parking; 20min to walk from exit from canyon to parking. Features: several jumps (up to 7m); about 5 slides (one face-down; another with 2-3m high jump); two jump-unders; two abseils (one dry at the entry, and one near waterfall with slippery vertical rock). Small section of via ferrata preceding the entry. In late August, very clean 14°C water. No T-shirt is necessary.
* Fornocal: exit is 2nd closest to Alquezar
* Monzon
* Pionera
* Portiacha
* Río Vero: exit is closest to Alquezar
* Sarratanas
* Trigas

## Eat

Borraja:
Ternasco:
Trenza de Almudevar y Huesca:
Longaniza:
* Frutas de Aragón. Macerated and cooked fruits with chocolate around them.

## Drink

Excellent wines of the region: Somontano, Cariñena, Borja, Paniza, Calatayud, Lecera and Valle de Jalón.

## Go next

* Catalonia — the economic heart of Spain with Barcelona as most popular tourist destination
* Valencia — to the south of Aragon, with a beautiful Mediterranean coastline
* Castile and Leon — the dry centre of Iberia
* Navarre — small province to the west of Aragon south of the Pyrenees