OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Magnitogorsk

Magnitogorsk (Russian: Магнитого́рск muhg-nee-tah-GOHRSK) is an industrial city in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, on the eastern side of the southern extent of the Ural Mountains by the Ural River. The official motto of the city is "the place where Europe and Asia meet", as the city occupies land in both Europe and Asia Its population 2021 was 411,000.

## Understand

The "Magnetite mountain" that lends the place its name was once its chief feature, a mountain almost entirely composed of iron ore. It was heavily mined, and the iron locally smelted, throughout the 1930s, during the days of Stalin's Five-Year-Plans. The mountain's mines have been mostly exhausted, but the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works remains the largest iron and steel works in the country processing ores from other parts of Russia and other former Soviet republics. The years of smelting have taken an ecological toll on the city.
Becaus of its strategic importance, the city was closed to foreigners from 1937 to 1989.

### Urban planning

According to the original plans, the city was to have followed the linear city design, with rows of similar superblock neighborhoods running parallel to the factory, with a strip of greenery, or greenbelt, separating them. Planners would align living and production spheres so as to minimize necessary travel time: workers would generally live in a sector of the residential band closest to the sector of the industrial band in which they worked. However, construction of the city had begun before the plan was completed, so it had to be modified to accommodate existing structures.

### Local information

* Magnitogorsk City Government website

## Get in
### By plane

* 53.39333358.7566671 Magnitogorsk International Airport (Международный аэропорт Магнитогорск, MQF ) (19 km west of Magnitogorsk). There are flights from Moscow (Sheremetyevo), Saint Petersburg (Pulkovo), and Sochi (Adler). (updated Nov 2024)

### By train

There is only one train from Moscow to Magnitogorsk, and only on odd days.

### By car

You can reach Magnitogorsk by car by routes M7 or M5 through Ufa.

## See

* 53.4072258.992551 The Rear-front Memorial (Памятник «Тыл — фронту»). A bronze and granite monument sculpted by Lev Golovnitsky and drawn by Yakov Belopolsky. It is considered the first part of a triptych, also consisting of The Motherland Calls in Volgograd and Warrior Liberator in Treptower Park, Berlin. This monument was unveiled in 1979. (updated Nov 2024)
* Magnitogorsk is home of Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel Works.
* The Church of the Ascension of the Lord opened in 2004.

## Do

* There are three theatres: Pushkin Drama Theatre (the oldest in the city), the Opera and Ballet House, and the Puppet Theatre.
* 53.38166758.9930561 Metallurg Magnitogorsk (Металлург Магнитогорск), Arena Metallurg. The "Steel Foxes" play in the Kharlamov Division of the Kontinental Hockey League. (updated Nov 2024)

## Stay healthy

Be aware that Magnitogorsk is a heavily polluted town.
# El Mirage

El Mirage is a city in the Greater Phoenix region of Arizona.

## Understand

It is in Maricopa County, in the Greater Phoenix area. In 2019, its population was 35,753.

## Get around

* Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (PHX) is the closest commercial passenger airport.
* U.S. Route 60 runs through it.

## Do

* Gateway Park, 10100 N El Mirage Rd, ☏ +1 623 972-8116. Moderately sized park with sport courts, fields, playground, splash pad, walking trails, skate parks, eating and dog areas. However, there are no seats around the skate park. They serve foods like hot dogs, shaved ice and ice cream at the eating areas. (updated Sep 2020)
* Fightertown Paintball Park, 9825 N 121st Ave, ☏ +1 602 421-7039. Paintball center with an eating space. Reasonably priced. Located near Gateway Park. (updated Sep 2020)
* Pueblo El Mirage Golf Course, 11201 N El Mirage Rd, ☏ +1 623 583-0425. Large golf course with a restaurant and good menu. Located near Laurel Park. (updated Sep 2020)

## Buy

* Star Mini Mart, 11817 W Thunderbird Rd, ☏ +1 623 583-3455. Small convenience store located near U.S. Route 60. Located near Family Dollar, and the staff are generally friendly. Offers general convenience items, such as snacks, drinks, and more. (updated Sep 2020)
* Carniceria Sahuayo, 12465 Grand Ave, ☏ +1 623 972-1520. Mexican supermarket offering a variety of items, most notably meat. The service is quick, and this shop has good produce. (updated Sep 2020)

## Eat

* Humberto's Mexican Food, 12125 NW Grand Ave, ☏ +1 623 583-3044. Mexican restaurant offering late-night and comfort food, plus small plates. The food is very good there. (updated Sep 2020)
* Carniceria Y Panaderia Oaxaqueño, 12005 NW Grand Ave, ☏ +1 623 977-4380. Mexican food store offering a variety of foods, most notably meat and salsa. (updated Sep 2020)
* Rio Mirage Cafe y Cantina, 12245 W Santa Fe Ln, ☏ +1 623 583-7708. Colorful Mexican restaurant serving many traditional Mexican dishes, including burritos and tacos. Offers dine-in and takeout, but not delivery. (updated Sep 2020)
* La Panaderia, 12329 NW Grand Ave, ☏ +1 623 933-3666. Mexican food shop selling inexpensive food, including tamales, menudo, and birria. (updated Sep 2020)

## Sleep

* Windmill All Suites Surprise, 12545 W Bell Rd, ☏ +1 623 583-0133. All-suite hotel offering a gym, outdoor pool, and free Wi-Fi, breakfast, and parking. This hotel is also handicap-accessible, and is not located in El Mirage per se, but located at the very northern border. $88. (updated Sep 2020)
* Motel 6 Youngtown, AZ - Phoenix - Sun City, 11133 Grand Ave, ☏ +1 623 977-1318. Not located in El Mirage per se but located at the very eastern border. Offers free Wi-Fi and parking, and also handicap accessible. Has air conditioning but lacks a pool and business center, however. $69. (updated Sep 2020)

## Go next

* Phoenix
# El Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar National Biosphere Reserve

El Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar National Biosphere Reserve (Spanish: Reserva de la biosfera El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar) is a biosphere reserve and UNESCO World Heritage Site in the state of Sonora in Northern Mexico.

## Understand
### History

Volcanoes have erupted sporadically for about 4 million years. The most recent activity was about 11,000 years ago. From 1965 to 1970, NASA sent its astronauts here to train for future lunar excursions given the similarities of the terrain to the lunar surface.

### Landscape

The park stands out for its unique physical and biological characteristics, for the presence of a volcanic shield, as well as for the extensive areas of active dunes that surround it and for the greater concentration of Maar type craters.
The Sierra del Pinacate has orogenic characteristics of great interest due to its abrupt conformation, the product of frequent volcanic eruptions that accumulated lava in compact rocks, sand and volcanic ash, igneous rocks in which weathering has produced colors of special beauty and craters such as El Elegant, Cerro Colorado, MacDougal and Sykes.

### Flora and fauna

The park is home to 40 species of mammals, 200 birds, 40 reptiles, as well as amphibians and freshwater fish. The park also includes endemic, threatened and endangered species such as the Sonoran pronghorn, the bighorn sheep, the Gila monster and the desert tortoise.

### Climate
## See

* 31.555141-113.4730641 Schuk Toak Museum (Museo Schuk Toak), ☏ +52 6383831433. 09:00-17:00, closed on Tuesday and Wednesday. Small but modern museum with videos and exhibits detailing the Biosphere's history and landscape. Content is available in English or Spanish. M$60 for adults, free for kids (6 and younger). (updated Jan 2022)

## Go next

* Puerto Peñasco
* Mexicali
# Cashmere

Cashmere is a small town in the North Cascades region of Washington State. It is home to Liberty Orchards, producers of Aplets & Cotlets.

## Get in
### By car

US-2, commonly called the Stevens Pass Highway, runs along the edge of town, connecting to Leavenworth and Wenatchee.

### By bus

Link Transit. Bus Route 22 travels between Leavenworth and Wenatchee via Cashmere. (updated May 2018)

## See

* 47.520473-120.4565181 Cashmere Museum and Pioneer Village, 600 Cotlets Way. (updated Oct 2024)

## Do

* 47.521505-120.4688771 Aplets & Cotlets Candy Kitchen, 117 Mission Ave. The retail store for Liberty Orchards, maker of the widely-distributed fruit treats, offers brief factory tours with free samples. (updated Oct 2024)
* 47.543759-120.5204042 Peshastin Pinnacles State Park, 7201 N Dryden Rd. (updated Oct 2024)

## Drink

* Devil's Gulch Drinkery, 207 Mission Ave, ☏ +1 509-888-8180. M-Th 2-8PM, F Sa 2-11PM, Su noon-4PM. A small bar behind the ongoing construction inside. Has several good microbrews on tap.
* It's 5 O'Clock Somewhere Artisan Craft Distillery, 207 Mission Ave, ☏ +1 509-860-0102. W-F 10AM-5PM, Sa Su 1-5PM. Offers a free tasting of Chilean style brandy and moonshine whiskey. All alcohols offered for tasting are available for purchase. free.

## Go next

The larger towns of Leavenworth and Wenatchee have more activities, restaurants and bars.
Cashmere is on the North Cascade Loop itinerary.
# Pahang

Pahang is the third largest state in area in Malaysia and largest in Peninsular Malaysia. It is considered an East Coast state and has a long coast, including Tioman island, the largest on the East Coast, but it also goes inland quite a ways and includes much of Taman Negara, Peninsular Malaysia's famous rainforest park, and also the Cameron Highlands and Genting Highlands, which are closer to the Straits of Malacca than to the South China Sea. With its varied terrain and a diverse population, Pahang is an interesting state to visit.

## Cities

* 3.816667103.3333331 Kuantan — the state capital, a popular seaside resort with long stretches of sand
* Bentong
* 3.933333102.3666672 Jerantut
* 3.5923102.1428183 Kuala Gandah
* 4.18102.054 Kuala Lipis
* Maran
* 3.5103.4166675 Pekan — the royal town, 45 km south of Kuantan
* 3.793056101.8569446 Raub
* 3.45102.4166677 Temerloh

## Other destinations

* Bera Lake — located about 2 hours from Temerloh; can go by boats or by driving
* Chini Lake — the lake that famous with Dragon
* 4.529167101.3388891 Cameron Highlands — Malaysia's premier hill resort and site of vast tea plantations
* 4.129278103.3869722 Cherating — most popular beach in Pahang and regular backpacker stopover
* 3.711944101.7363893 Fraser's Hill — colonial summer getaway
* 3.42368101.793354 Genting Highlands — Malaysia's playground and the site of its only legal casino
* 3.331979101.857655 Janda Baik — A mountainside of dramatic peaks, valleys and ravines, laced together with picturesque streams and waterfalls
* Pantai Batu Hitam — it is just about 10 minutes passing through Jalan Beserah, closer than Balok
* 4.7102.4666676 Taman Negara — Malaysia's oldest national park
* Teluk Chempedak — located about 5 kilometers from Kuantan City by using Jalan Telok Sisek
* 2.816667104.1833337 Tioman — once nominated as the most beautiful island in the world

## Understand

Pahang is the largest state by area in Peninsular Malaysia, the state with the longest river in Peninsular Malaysia (not surprisingly called the Pahang River), and by far the most ethnically diverse state on the East Coast, with a large Malay majority but quite a substantial Chinese presence in cities, towns and some rural areas, some Indians, and the largest number of Orang Asli (aboriginal people) in any state on the peninsula. It is also the state of Gunung Tahan, the 7th highest peak in the country and the highest on the peninsula, which is within Taman Negara, Malay for "National Park." Taman Negara contains some of the world's oldest virgin tropical rainforest.

## Get in

Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Airport (KUA)

## Do

Madu kelulut Pak Ya- Visit a local stingless bee honey farm located at Beserah, Kuantan where visitor can have a closer look and taste the unique stingless bee honey.
# Bedford (Texas)

Bedford is a city in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.

## See

* Old Bedford School$^{[deadlink]}$. - Restored 2-story brick schoolhouse that seems like about the only item of historical interest in the northern Tarrant County area (other than sites in Grapevine). 2400 School Ln.

## Do

* 32.8501-97.14511 Generations Park at Boys Ranch (Bedford Boys Ranch Park). This large public park has free and paid amenities and is the location of many city events and festivals. Visitors can generally access free parking, walking trails around a pond, a disc golf course, picnic areas, a children's playground, and more. Many of these features have been rebuilt or updated by 2023. The city's recreation center, opened January 2023 and also open to anyone with a YMCA membership, is paired with a water park open during the summer months. Check the city website's event calendar for any activities which may change parking or access. - located in Bedford

## Sleep

* Courtyard Bedford, 2201 Airport Frwy., ☏ +1 817 545-2202. $119-179.
# Kome Cave Dwellings

The Kome Cave Dwellings (or Ha Kome Caves) are a group of restored, mud-built cave dwellings in Lesotho.

## Understand

The Kome Cave Dwellings were built and protected by Chief Teleka of The Basia(cat) Clan in the early 19th century. The main purpose for the cave dwellings was to serve as a hideout from adversaries during the drought in the late 18th century. The name of Ha Kome comes from the Kome family in the Basia tribe, the first inhabitants of the cave.
The caves had been inhabited by the descendants of the original people who built the dwellings. However, after the site was declared a National Heritage Site, most of the population was relocated. The few that remain receive a percentage of the site's gate collection fees.
The dwellings themselves are probably not the most interesting things you'll ever see in your life, but their history is quite fascinating, so having a knowledgeable guide is recommended.

## Get in

It's best to take a guided tour (this can be arranged in Maseru), but you can get there yourself with a 4WD vehicle. Beware, the road is rough! Park at the top of the hill, then walk for about 20 minutes down to the visitor's centre.

## Sleep

Accommodation (likely camping) can be arranged by your guide. Given Lesotho's small size, you probably won't need it.
# Câmara de Lobos

Câmara de Lobos is a city on the Portuguese island of Madeira.

## Understand

The city of Câmara de Lobos (KUH-muh-ruh d(ih) LOH-boosh, /ˈkɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ dɨ ˈɫo.buʃ/) has 17,986 residents (2011), while the entire municipality has 35,666. It's a suburb of Funchal, the island's capital. Its name translates as "Sea Lion Chamber".

### Visitor information

* 32.7203-16.96541 Posto de Turismo, Curral das Freiras. (updated Jul 2021)

## Get in

* Rodoeste – Transportadora Rodoviária da Madeira, ☏ +351 291 220 148, rodoeste@rodoeste.pt. Provides a number of bus routes from Funchal and elsewhere on the island. (updated Jul 2021)

## See

* 32.65649-17.004461 Cabo Girão. One of the world's highest ocean cliffs, 590 m (1,940 ft) above sea level.
* 32.720833-16.9658332 Curral das Freiras. An isolated town of 2,000 people surrounded by cliffs and peaks.

## Eat

* 32.6689-16.97851 Adega da Quinta, Rua José Joaquim da Costa (Quinta do Estreito, Estreito de Câmara de Lobos), ☏ +351 291 910 530. Traditional restaurant where you can eat espetada in an old winery uphill from Câmara de Lobos.
* 32.6487-16.97842 Restaurante Coral, Praça da Autonomia (Largo de São Sebastião) 2, ☏ +351 291 098 284. 11:00–22:00 daily. Fresh fish and shellfish.

## Sleep

* 32.6481-16.97551 Pestana Churchill Bay, Rua da Nossa Senhora da Conceição 17, ☏ +351 218 442 001, guest@pestana.com. Check-in: 16:00, check-out: 11:00. A four-star, 57-room pousada overlooking the bay, with outdoor swimming pool, restaurant, and room service. €90-165. (updated Jul 2021)
# Mount Carmel (Pennsylvania)

Mount Carmel is in Coal Region, Pennsylvania.

## Understand

Mount Carmel is the largest town near Centralia, where an underground coal fire is burning.
Mount Carmel, like nearby Ashland and Centralia, has fallen significantly in population. At its peak at the 1930 census, the town had almost 18,000 inhabitants; it now has fewer than 6,000 residents.

## Get in

Route 61 connects Centralia and Mount Carmel.

## Get around

Fifth Street (Route 61) and Hickory Street are two of the main roads in town.

## Eat

* 40.794762-76.4192661 Mattucci's Willow Cafe, 451 W 4th St. (updated Dec 2017)

## Go next

* Ashland- town to the southeast of Mount Carmel
* Centralia- town which was destroyed by an underground coal fire
# Mallanganee National Park

Mallanganee National Park is a world-heritage national park in the Northern Rivers of New South Wales. It is part of the Focal Group of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia. It is not a particularly huge park, with its area only 11.44 km$^2$ (4.42 sq mi).

## Understand
### Visitor information

* Park website

## Get in

The park is located approximately 570 kilometres (350 mi) north of Sydney and can be reached via Kyogle via the Bruxner Highway and the Summerland Way.

## Fees and permits

There is no fee to visit the sole lookout of the park.

## See

* -28.899004152.7410751 Mallanganee Lookout, Mallanganee Lookout Rd, Mummulgum. A lookout with several interpretive signs explaining the processes of some of the oldest rainforests in the world. The lookout also includes a picnic area and a carpark. (updated Mar 2022)

## Buy, eat, drink and sleep

Unfortunately, there are no places to buy, eat, drink or sleep in the park.
# Columbia (Tennessee)

Columbia is the county seat of Maury County in Central Tennessee, and is 50 miles south of Nashville. It is home to an estimated 38,224 people and hosts a mule day festival the first weekend of April every year. It is more famously known for being the hometown of the 11th President of the United States, James K. Polk. In addition, numerous antebellum homes are located around the city including Ripavilla, the Atheneum, Elm Springs, Rattle and Snap, and Hamilton Place to name a few. It is a city rich in history and culture endearingly known by its locals as "The Dimple of the Universe".
It's safe to say the South has had its moments of racism and racial unrest, but Columbia seems to take it to a higher level. From indiscriminate lynchings as though they were pastimes to a race riot in 1946, racism has seemed pretty systemic here. But through the proceedings of the riot, Thurgood Marshall became known and eventually became appointed to a seat as a Supreme Court justice. Also, President Truman directed integration of the armed forces, so at least there was some good that came out of it.

## See

* 35.614919-87.0373221 James K. Polk Ancestral Home, 301 W. 7th Street, ☏ +1 931 388-2354. Adult $10.

## Sleep

* Holiday Inn Express, 1561 Halifax Dr, ☏ +1 931-380-2025.
# Franklin (Louisiana)

Franklin is a town in Coastal Acadiana that is named after Benjamin Franklin. It was actually settled by a preponderance of British immigrants, who established themselves with elaborate plantations along the Bayou Teche as a new sort of aristocratic society, up until the antebellum era ended, anyway. You can visit some of these restored places for a taste of that lifestyle today.

## Get in

You'll find Franklin sandwiched between New Iberia and Morgan City along that busy stretch of Hwy 90, Louisiana's sort of Coastal Acadiana corridor.

## See

Representative antebellum plantations or estates include:
** 29.80234-91.496761 Grevemberg House Museum, 1529 Sterling Rd, ☏ +1 337 828-2092. Very fussy, probably a no-touch philosophy. (updated Sep 2021)
** 29.77971-91.493272 Arlington Historic Home & Gardens, 11532 LA-182, ☏ +1 337 471-1025. Daily 9AM-5PM. Not to be outdone by Grevemberg (updated Sep 2021)
** 29.79439-91.500523 Shadowlawn, 101-199 Adams St. This one is a little more chaste/down-to-earth. (updated Sep 2021)
* 29.79589-91.501524 Church of the Assumption, 211 Iberia St, ☏ +1 337 828-3869. Even though the English settlers brought their Presbyterianism with them that was unusual in these parts, it didn't seem to stick, whereas there is nonetheless this rather exemplary Catholic edifice on display today. (updated Sep 2021)

### Further Out

Further west along Hwy 90 is Charenton, where the federally recognized Chitimacha tribe largely resides. They operate both the 29.88795-91.528145 Chitimacha Museum at 3289 Chitimacha Trail and the 29.87143-91.538066 Cypress Bayou Casino Hotel at 832 Martin Luther King Rd.

## Do

* 29.74015-91.45311 Bayou Teche National Wildlife Refuge - Garden City Unit, 1725 Willow St, ☏ +1 985 853-1078. This site offers some boardwalks and trails in a swampy marshland environment. A Louisiana black bear sighting may be possible, while a Louisiana mosquito is all but guaranteed. (updated Sep 2021)

## Sleep

* 29.7845-91.49791 Fairfax House, 99 Main St, ☏ +1 337 828-1195. If you are really taken with the antebellum home experience, this place offers you a chance to stay in one. (updated Sep 2021)
* 29.80959-91.510612 Best Western Forest Inn, 1909 Main St, ☏ +1 337 828-1810. A more contemporary place to stay, with an outdoor pool and pretty satisfactory eatery called Forest Restaurant to boot. (updated Sep 2021)
# Genesee County (New York)

Genesee County is in the Niagara Frontier region of New York.

## Villages and hamlets

* Batavia — the county seat and the largest city between Buffalo and Rochester
* Alexander —
* Corfu —
* Darien Center —
* Elba —
* Indian Falls —
* Le Roy — the birthplace of Jell-O
* Oakfield —
* Stafford —

## Other destinations

* Darien Lake — the roller coaster capital of New York
* Darien Lakes State Park —
* Iroquois National Wildlife Refuge —
# Ferndale (Washington)

Ferndale is a city in the Northwest Washington region of Washington State, North of Bellingham on I-5.

## Get in
### By air

The closest commercial airport is in Bellingham.

### By car

Ferndale is right along Interstate 5.

## Get around

* 48.7868-122.4491 Whatcom Transportation Authority (WTA), ☏ +1 360-676-7433. Operates public transit bus service in Whatcom County including Bellingham, Blaine, Ferndale, Lynden, and Sumas. Also operates bus route 80X traveling north from Burlington and Mount Vernon in Skagit County to Bellingham. (updated Sep 2022) Bus routes serving Ferndale:
** Route 26 from Bellingham. In Ferndale, it makes a clockwise loop around the city. Operates daily through the day.
** Route 75, which stops at Ferndale Station, a bus exchange, on its way between Blaine and Bellingham. Operates Monday to Saturday.

## See

* 48.833889-122.5902781 Hovander Homestead Park, 5299 Nielsen Rd, ☏ +1 360-384-3444, parks@co.whatcom.wa.us. A preserved 19th-century farmhouse and farm. (updated Mar 2021)

## Do

* 48.875833-122.6891671 Lake Terrell State Game Refuge (I-5 Exit 260, W Salter Rd to Lk. Terrell Rd to end). (updated Mar 2021)

## Buy

* 48.8666-122.58381 Twin Sisters Creamery, 6202 Portal Way, ☏ +1 360-656-5240, lindsay@twinsisterscreamery.com. Tu-Sa 11AM-5PM. Cheese shop. They make their own blue cheese, farmhouse, and blue dip, and also sell other regional and imported cheeses. (updated Sep 2022)

## Eat

* 48.8464-122.59091 Cedars Restaurant and Lounge, 2019 E Main St, ☏ +1 360-384-2847. Restaurant: 7AM-8PM, Lounge: 10AM-11PM, full menu available in lounge until 9PM. (updated Sep 2022)

## Drink

* 48.846-122.592991 FrinGe Brewing, 5640 3rd Ave, ☏ +1 360-398-6071. Tu-Th 2-9PM, F 2-10PM, Sa noon-9PM, Su noon-6PM (closed M). Food trucks regularly visit, check website for schedule. (updated Sep 2022)

## Sleep

* 48.8173-122.62551 Silver Reef Casino Resort, 4876 Haxton Way, toll-free: +1-866-383-0777. Check-in: 4PM, check-out: 11AM. (updated Mar 2021)