# Bahia

Bahia is a state in Brazil's Northeast region.

## Regions

* Bahia Interior
* Grande Salvador
* Central South
* South

## Cities

* -12.983056-38.4927781 Salvador — the first capital of Brazil is home to a unique blend of indigenous, African and European cultures; its Carnival fun is famous, and the influence of African culture and religion is remarkable
* -17.731944-39.2658332 Caravelas — if your destination is Abrolhos, then you will start here
* -14.788889-39.0488893 Ilhéus— a place of beautiful beaches and welcoming people, land of cocoa
* -12.997222-38.6677784 Itaparica — an island at the entrance of Todos os Santos Bay with 40 km of beaches and exuberant tropical vegetation
* -16.45-39.0655 Porto Seguro — it has amazing beaches and preserved areas of Mata Atlântica, an original tropical jungle
* -9.407778-38.2219446 Paulo Afonso — the main attraction is the hydroelectri complex of three dams that provide power for much of Northeast Brazil

## Other destinations

* -17.97122-38.700281 Abrolhos — archipelago off the coast of Bahia
* -12.880278-41.3722222 Chapada Diamantina National Park — fantastic green filled canyons and mountains, and a waterfall so high that it doesn't hit the ground.

## Understand

When the Portuguese first arrived in Brazil (April 22, 1500) they landed on the soil today known as Bahia. In Portuguese, the word "bay" is translated "baia". Salvador, Bahia's capital, was founded by Portuguese explorers in 1549. The city lays on a peninsula located in between "All Saints Bay" and the Atlantic Ocean. Every time people talked about Salvador, they referred to it as, "the province with the bay in it". Later on, the province would be officially named "The Province of Bahia" (the province of the bay). The spelling of the word "bay" (baia) was changed in order to make the province's name unique. Salvador-Bahia became Brazil's first capital back when the country was one of Portugal's colonies, and remained like that for 214 years (until it was transferred to Rio, and finally to Brasilia).

## Talk

Bahians, like all Brazilians, speak Portuguese. The accent, however, is different from that of other regions of the country. Today due to tourism expansion there are some people who speak English in tourist areas and hotels, but since it is not widely spoken, if you do not speak Portuguese you would be wise to bring a small travel dictionary.

## Get in

International Airports in Bahia:
* Salvador (SSA), connecting flights to Lisbon, Frankfurt, Miami, Buenos Aires and Madrid.
* Porto Seguro, connecting flights to Lisbon and Buenos Aires.
Domestic Airports with Scheduled Flights in Bahia:
* Ilheus (IOS), with nonstop flights to Salvador, São Paulo, Campinas, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, Porto Seguro and Vitoria.
* Vitoria da Conquista (VDC), with nonstop flights to Salvador, São Paulo and Belo Horizonte.
* Barreiras (BRA), with nonstop flights to Salvador and Brasilia.
* Ilha de Comandatuba (UNA), with nonstop flights to Salvador and São Paulo.
* Paulo Afonso (PAV), with nonstop flights to Maceio.
* Guanambi (GNM), with nonstop flights to Salvador and Bom Jesus da Lapa
* Lencois (LEC), with nonstop flights to Salvador
* Bom Jesus da Lapa (LAZ), with nonstop flights to Salvador and Guanambi.

## Get around
### By bus

Coach services are comfortable and cheap. Very useful to get around the state. It is sometimes ill-advised to travel at night. Highway robberies are possible. Inquire before travel.
* Bomfim
* Aguia Branca
* Itapemirim$^{[deadlink]}$
* Real Expresso
* Rota Transportes
* São Geraldo$^{[deadlink]}$
* Cidade Sol

### By plane

From Salvador airport there are connections throughout the state
* Passaredo (Vitória da Conquista, Barreiras, Brasília and Ribeirão Preto).
* Abaeté (Bom Jesus da Lapa, Guanambi and Barreiras).
* Aerostar (Morro de São Paulo)

## See
### Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves

* The Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves, a UNESCO World Heritage site comprising 6 sites in Bahia (mostly around Porto Seguro)
* -15.25-39.1666671 Una Biological Reserve. (updated Dec 2017)
* PAU Brazil CEPLAC Experimental Station. (updated Dec 2017)
* -16.166667-39.1166672 Veracruz Station. (updated Dec 2017)
* -16.5-39.33 Pau Brazil National Park. (updated Dec 2017)
* -16.933333-39.54 Discovery National Park. (updated Dec 2017)
* -16.833333-39.1666675 Monte Pascoal National Park. (updated Dec 2017)
Two more are in the southern neighboring state Espírito Santo.

### Itineraries

* The Bay of All Saints, beautiful seen from Salvador, can also be seen from a tourist boat that makes a trip through the bay, passing several Islands. The largest island is Itaparica. It can be reached in about 1 hour by ferry from Salvador. The smaller passenger-ferry departs from near the Mercado Modelo to, while the larger car-ferry goes from about 2km North of here to Bom Despacho
* On the Coconut coast the sea turtle preservation project at Praia do Forte is a very impressive sight.
* In October, whales can be seen alongside the whole coast, but the marine reserve on the Whale Coast is the pinnacle.
* In the Chapada Diamantina, the Fumaça waterfall and the caves are very impressive

## Do

* Trekking through the Chapada Diamantina. With a guide, stay with locals while hiking through the park for several days.

## Eat

* Acarajé - A ball of bean dough fried in dendê oil and filled with a spicy mixture
* Moqueca - A fish stew, based in coconut milk, onions, tomatoes, peppers, and dendê oil.
* Vatapá
* Caruru
* Xinxim de galinha
* Bobó de camarão

### Restaurants

* Kimoqueca is a restaurant chain serving moqueca throughout the state
* Carangueijo de Sergipe is a chain serving mostly seafood dishes. Present all over Bahia.

## Stay safe

* It is ill-advised to travel at night through the state, by car or bus: highway robberies are all too common.
* Roads can be very bad outside the capital city

## Go next

* Espírito Santo — Although off-the-beaten path, the state south of Bahia has much to offer tourists. The capital Vitória's beautiful bay and bridge; Vila Velha's Convento da Penha (a 16th-century hilltop Franciscan convent); Guarapari's beaches and summer parties; the German-colonized town of Domingos Martins; Pedra Azul State Park's beautiful blue rock; and Itaúnas's dunes and forró (a Northeastern Brazilian dance); are some of the main attractions that should guarantee tourists a good time.
* National Park Pau Brasil
* National Park Marinho de Abrolhos
* National Park Chapada Diamantina