OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Unzen

Unzen (雲仙市) is a city of 41,000 people (2024) in Nagasaki, Japan. It sits on the northern tip of Shimabara Peninsula, facing Ariake Bay in the east and Mount Unzen to the south. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Unzen-Amakusa National Park.

## See

* Obama History Museum (小浜歴史資料館). (updated Nov 2024)
* Unzen Hells (雲仙地獄). While Japanese 'hells' (jigoku) are given these names due to the barren and smelly landscape created by the sulfuric gases they emit, the Unzen Hells have a unique history that makes them truly hellish. From 1627 to 1630, the Unzen Hells were used by the government to torture Christians by lowering them into the boiling waters in an attempt to get them to denounce their faith. Thirty-three of these martyrs died here as a result of the torture. The cross jutting out of the hellscape was placed here in the late 19th century to honor those victims. (updated Nov 2024)
* 32.761342130.2986941 Mount Unzen. An active volcanic group of several overlapping stratovolcanoes. (updated Dec 2024)

## Do

* 32.742444130.2599441 Unzen Onsen (雲仙温泉). A highly acidic sulfuric hot spring. In addition to sulfur, the mineral content includes aluminum, iron, and sulfate. The water temperature is 98 °C, and the hot carbonate and hydrogen sulfide gasses that erupt from the springs can be as high as 120 °C. (updated Nov 2024)
* 32.728222130.2071392 Obama Onsen (小浜温泉). The hot spring system known for having the hottest and most active springs in Japan, with some of them reaching 80-105 °C and producing over 15,000 tons of hot water daily. The hot spring system consists of 30 individual springs. (updated Nov 2024)
* 32.75130.2673 Unzen-Amakusa National Park (雲仙天草国立公園). (updated Dec 2024)

## Go next

* Shimabara
* Minami-Shimabara
* Isahaya
* Nagasaki
* Omura
* Togitsu
* Nagayo
* Higashisonogi
* Tara
# Old towns of France

Old towns of France outlines a list of notable old towns in France, including the microstate Monaco.

## List

* 46.9511114.2986111 Autun — numerous winding streets lined with fantastic architecture, quaint shops, cafes, restaurants, and an impressive cathedral
* 43.9486114.8083332 Avignon — one of the few French cities to have preserved its city walls, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its architecture and importance during the 14th and 15th centuries
* 44.837778-0.5794443 Bordeaux — has a magnificent neo-classical waterfront, and its old town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
* 43.2158332.3513894 Carcassonne — a medieval fortress settlement with a history of more than 2500 years
* 49.4188890.2330565 Honfleur — its beautiful 17th-century harbour is still active as a fishing port and marina
* 45.7588894.8413896 Lyon — its narrow streets were laid out and its buildings were mainly erected between the 15th and the 17th centuries
* 43.7311117.427 Monaco — in the middle of the world's most densely populated city, Monaco-Ville remains a mediaeval village at heart
* 48.635833-1.5102788 Mont Saint-Michel — a well-preserved Norman abbey at the peak of the rocky island is surrounded by the winding streets and a mediaeval town
* 47.7486117.3391679 Mulhouse — the mostly-pedestrianised includes some attractive old stone buildings
* 47.217222-1.55388910 Nantes — its centrepiece is the 15th-century castle of the Dukes of Brittany
* 43.7019447.26833311 Nice — the old town (Vieux Nice) beneath the hill is a maze of streets and alleys, with many picturesque houses boutiques
* 48.8566672.35222212 Paris (4th arrondissement, 5th arrondissement)
* 48.5588893.29944413 Provins — the fortified centre within the medieval walls has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site
* 48.5733337.75222214 Strasbourg — famous for its beautiful historical centre, the Grande Île, which was the first city centre to be classified entirely as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO
* 47.3927780.68833315 Tours — Vieux Tours is a neighbourhood of mainly-pedestrianised medieval streets with timber-framed
* 43.6044441.44388916 Toulouse — almost all the buildings of the historical centre were made with the "foraine" bricks that have earned the city the nickname "ville rose" (pink city)

## See also

* Alsatian Vineyard Route
* The Most Beautiful Villages of France
* Old towns of Benelux
* Old towns of Britain and Ireland
* Old towns of Central Europe
* Old towns of Iberia
* Old towns of Italy and Malta
# Vișeu de Sus

Vişeu de Sus is a town of 15,000 people (2021) in Maramureș, at the confluence of the rivers Vișeu and Vaser. It is known for its narrow gauge steam train journey.

## Understand

The town's logging industry has a long history. Before World War II, up to a third of the townspeople were Jewish, but many were killed during the Holocaust, while others emigrated. By 1972, the Jewish community had disappeared. It has also had a large German minority, but many of them have left.

## See

* 47.71477724.4429241 Gara CFF. Starting point of the famous Vaser Valley Forestry Railway. The Vaser River is 62 km long, forming a spectacular canyon-like valley, where cliffs alternate with fir and beech forests, clearings and mineral water springs.

### Day trips

At Paltin station, there is a short signed road in the woods, look out for it. It goes up to a sightseeing point next to the tracks. However, you should hurry a bit since the train stays at Paltin only for approx. 1½ hour, and it definitely goes back without you.

## Do
### The Mocăniţa

The only logging train hauled by narrow gauge steam engines (760 mm) still in use in Europe, crosses the Maramureş Mountains in the middle of one of the most wild and beautiful Romania's landscapes, and the only means of transportation in the valley. Built between 1930-1932 for transporting wood, the train is still used for the original purpose, attracting thousands of tourists from all over the world. The journey is long and with several fuelling stops. The train can also fall off the rails, but at the slow speed of 10 km/hour that poses no danger. The passengers (who are experienced in the matter) can help get the train back on the rails using anything they can lay their hands on: cut pieces of wood, chains, axes, or hooks.
The main line is 43 km long (Viseu de Sus-Comanu), with other two branches (Novat Valley-13 km long, and towards Stevioara-3 km), and usually takes (just until Paltin, the main station, situated at 21 km from Viseu), between 2 and 3 hours. A journey with the Mocanita is like going back in time: in the valley there is no cell phone signal (there are working only radio stations), there are no shops, and provisions of food and other consumables have to be made before departure. However, when the train arrives at Paltin station, you have the opportunity to buy food and drinks from the train. Also there is no certainty about the departure and return hours, but it is usually around 15:00 at Viseu de Sus.

## Sleep

You can sleep in a train! Single 75 lei with breakfast. $^{[deadlink]}$

## Go next

* Ieud
* Borșa
# Nikolskoye

Nikolskoye (Russian: Кури́льск; Japanese:) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Aleutsky District of Kamchatka Krai, Russia, located on Bering Island in the Commander Islands chain.

## Get in
### By plane

Nikolskoye village is provided with air service from Nikolskoye Airport, located 4 km from the village. Flights from the cities of Ust-Kamchatsk and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky have been organized.

### By boat

Sea communication with the port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is carried out year-round by regular cargo and passenger flights. Sea voyages are carried out by the Vasiliy Zavoyko vessel

## See

* 55.19505165.99661 Church Of St. Nicholas, 10, Volokitin Brothers Street. Built in 2011.
* 55.19883165.999012 Local History Museum, Sovetskaya str., 13, ☏ +7 41547 2-22-31.

## Sleep

* 55.1979165.995261 Vitus Bering Hotel, street 50 years of October, 6, ☏ +7 41547 22-130, +7 909 890 73-68, zbamrk@mail.ru. (updated Aug 2024)

## Connect

Commander Islands (Travel agency), 4 Gagarin Street, ☏ +7(41547) 22-225, ostrova.turism@gmail.com.. (updated Aug 2024)
# Ikogosi Warm Springs

Ikogosi Warm Springs is in Ekiti State, South West Nigeria and a popular tourist attraction where warm and cold springs come together at a point, but without mixing together. The resort has landscapes, lush green vegetation and gardens.

## Understand

The amount of water from the spring remains constant and it is both warm and cold. There are two different trees, joined together and growing together from the same source, found at the meeting point of the warm and cold springs. They are believed to symbolise unity, oneness and harmony.

### History

The spring was said to have been discovered by a Baptist Missionary Rev John S McGee in the 1950s, during his missionary work in Ekiti State. He was warned by the locals living around the spring not to go there, because they believe there is a power around the place that can hurt him. Against all warnings, He decided to set up a Baptist Youth Camp and it became a very popular youth camp and tourist destination. However, after his retirement, the camp was abandoned and sold to the Nigerian Government in 1978 for ₦300.

### Landscape

There is a dense forest which extends over a hilly landscape over 116 hectares (290 acres) of land.

### Climate

The wet season is warm and can be very cold while the dry season is hot, muggy, and partly cloudy. The temperature varies from 63°F to 89°F and is rarely below 57°F or above 94°F.

## Get in
### By road

You get to the resort through the capital. From Fajuyi Park in Ado Ekiti, you get a car going to Ikogosi Warm Springs. It's about 1 hour drive.
* 4.9778967.5908651 Ikogosi Warm Spring Resort, Ipole Iloro Efon Alaaye Road, Ikogosi (from Efon Alaaye, its a drive down to Ikogosi Warm Spring Resort), ☏ +234 806 780 0244, +234 803 400 8197. 8AM-7PM. A resort. ₦500. (updated Dec 2021)

## Fees and permits

The entrance fee is ₦500 per person.

## Buy

* 4.9778967.5908651 Ayo Fayose Ayo Fayose Ultra Modern Market, 362104, Efon Alaaye (27 min drive from the resort). Market. (updated Dec 2021)

## Eat

The main dish of the Efon Alaaye is pounded yam and Egusi soup with bush meat.
* 4.9778967.5908651 Ayinkus bar, Via Ipole-Efon Alaaye (after Efon Alaaye). 24 hr. A bar. (updated Dec 2021)

## Sleep

The resort has an hotel beside it called Ikogosi Warm Spring Hotel. It has lodges, chalets which includes Deluxe Standard, Exclusive Standard, Executive Deluxe, Executive Lodge, Executive Suite, and Presidential Lodge. The resort has facilities like an amphitheater, restaurant/bar, regular power supply, outdoor pool, and a gym. The Price for lodging at this resort cost between ₦12,500–67,500 per night.
# Pulau Hatta

Pulau Hatta (Hatta Island) is part of the Banda Islands in Maluku province, Indonesia and has lovely beaches and healthy coral reefs.

## Understand

The original name of the island is 'Rozengain' island. It was renamed 'Hatta', to commemorate the first Vice President, Mohammad Hatta, who was exiled in Banda Neira.
There are two villages in Hatta Island. Most of the accommodation is in the Old Village (on the Northwest side on the island). The Old Village doesn't have its own water supply so you are recommended to use water sparingly.

## Get in

There is at least a boat every two days connecting Hatta Island and Neira Island. The boat leaves Hatta Island in early morning for Banda Neira, then returns from Neira Island to Hatta Island around 11AM-1PM.

## Do

Hatta Island is gaining popularity as the best place for snorkeling and diving in Banda Islands. If you are not staying in the island, a day trip with chartered boat from Neira Island is around Rp1,000,000 - Rp1,300,000 (as of Oct 2018)
Jungle trekking: some of locals can offer a half day trip to see Kuskus Bear and other endemic birds on the island.

## Drink

It is possible to get a big can / bottle of beer. Price is about Rp35,000 (as of Nov 2018)

## Sleep

The village in Hatta Island set a regulation for all the accommodation to offer full board package (breakfast-lunch-dinner included) at a fixed price of Rp250,000 per night per person (as of Oct 2018). Solo traveller may be charged 20% more. This is to avoid price war between the accommodation and to avoid tourists being ripped off. Some of the accommodation may try their luck to charge higher during peak season. It is recommended to check the current regulated price in Neira Island before you go there.
Since accommodation is limited, it is recommended to book your accommodation before going to the island.
* Hatta Bungalow
* Sarah Homestay
* Bintang Agung
* Vitalia
* Mata Bambu

## Connect

There isn't internet in the island. Only Telkomsel is operating in Hatta Island and Banda Islands (as of Oct 2018).
Electricity is only running in the evening for about three to four hours in the evening. Expect no internet at the accommodation (as of Oct 2018).

## Go next

Take the public boat back to Neira Island in the morning. Note that the boat is not operating on Friday.
# Nasiriyah

Nasiriyah is a city in Southern Iraq. It is the closest major settlement to the prehistoric city of Ur.

## Understand

Nasiriyah was founded in 1872 and became a major center of trade in Ottoman Iraq. The areas around the city is the ancestral home of many Mandaeans, an ethnoreligious group that were probably the first to practice baptism and are the last surviving Gnostics from antiquity. Today, only a few hundred families remain.

## Get in

Nasiriyah has a station on the railway between Baghdad and Basra. Iraqi Republic Railways runs two overnight trains which both call here. There are also irregular trains to and from Karbala, especially during religious holidays.
* 31.023546.231 Nasiriyah railway station (South of city centre, at the end of Al-Mustafa street). (updated Jul 2021)

## See

There is a UNESCO World Heritage Site called The Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities. "Ahwar" translates as "marshland" and the region is listed partly for the wetlands flora and fauna. However, the listing also includes several cities of ancient Sumer.
* 31.04700446.2372681 Museum of Nasiriyah. The second largest museum in Iraq, housing a large collection of Sumerian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Abbasid artifacts. (updated Jul 2016)
* 30.96222246.1044442 Ruins of Ur. The historical city of Ur, one of the most important cities during the Sumerian era. Includes the partly restored Great Ziggurat. Large parts of the city have been damaged. (updated Jul 2016)
* 30.82591345.9947313 Ruins of Tell Eridu. A smaller archaeological site containing the city of Eridu, another Sumerian city, possibly the oldest recorded city in the world. (updated Mar 2019)
* 31.28583345.8536114 Ruins of Larsa. Ruins of the historic city of Larsa, the city peaked in its influence around 1750-1700 BC. (updated Jul 2021)

## Do

The amusement park in Nasiriyah.

## Eat

* 31.0386746.234511 Mandi Palace Restaurant, in Shamiyah. Daily 9AM-10PM. good if you're wanting to try some Arabic dishes like mandi, a Yemeni concoction of meat and rice and spices cooked underground. (May 2022).

## Sleep

* 31.0486446.23941 Al-Zaitoon Hotel (فندق الزيتون), Al Nahr Street, ☏ +964 780 006 6155. $90 (May 2022).

## Go next

The ruins of the ancient cities of Ur and Larsa are located nearby.
# Guymon

Guymon is in the Red Carpet Country region of Oklahoma.

## Understand

Guymon is the county seat of Texas County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 10,472 at the 2000 census, making it the largest city on the Oklahoma Panhandle

## See

* 36.6823-101.48121 Guymon Community Theatre, 413 N Main St, ☏ +1 580 338-0019, guymon.community.theatre@gmail.com. Local community theater situated on Main Street, presenting quality productions since 1979. (updated Jun 2015)

## Drink

* 36.68316-101.48051 Pub On the Bricks, 120 NE 5th St, ☏ +1 580 338-3463. (updated Jun 2015)

## Sleep

The Quality Inn located on Hwy 54 is the place to stay.
* 36.6845-101.46851 Best Western, 1102 NE 6th St, ☏ +1 580 338-0800. (updated Nov 2018)
* 36.688276-101.4670312 Lodge USA Motel, 923 East hwy 54, ☏ +1 580-338-5431. (updated Oct 2021)
# Hillsborough County

Hillsborough County is in West Central Florida.

## Cities

* 27.771944-82.4108331 Apollo Beach
* 27.934722-82.2891672 Brandon
** 27.940833-82.24253 Valrico
* 27.837778-82.3741674 Gibsonton – circus sideshow freak town
* 28.016667-82.1333335 Plant City
* 27.873478-82.320056 Riverview
* 27.714722-82.4336117 Ruskin
* 27.718056-82.3516678 Sun City Center
* 27.9475-82.4586119 Tampa – the largest city in the county, home to Busch Gardens
** 28.0353-82.389210 Temple Terrace

## Understand

As the most populous of the three counties in the Tampa Bay Area, Hillsborough County is home to one of the state's most important cities, Tampa. This city is a principal city in the third largest important metro area in the state, after Greater Miami and Greater Orlando. The county is in the northeast corner of the Tampa Bay and, having a fairly small land area, is dominated by Tampa and its eastern suburbs. Across the bay, to the west, is Pinellas County and to the south is Manatee County. The county is a little overshadowed in tourism by the other two counties in the region, which both have extensive beach resorts.
The suburbs of Tampa are not marketed toward tourists. Although Brandon and Riverview have decent populations and appear on the map, as part of the Tampa metro area they are little more than this. Most Floridians have hardly heard of these suburbs, particularly Riverview. The points of interest to visit are in Tampa, including commerce, entertainment, a museum and universities.

## Get around
### By bus

* Hillsborough Area Transit (HART) Public Transportation in Tampa and in the surrounding areas within Hillsborough County.

## See

* 27.7926-82.40121 Tampa Electric's Manatee Viewing Center, 6990 Dickman Rd., Apollo Beach, ☏ +1 813-228-4289. Nov 1 - Apr 15, 10AM-5PM daily (closed on Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter). Manatees are attracted to the waters in this area because it is warmed through the hot water released by nearby power plant. There are also viewing towers, devil rays touch tank and education building in this complex. Free. (updated Dec 2024)

## Go next

* Pasco County - north
* Polk County - east
* Hardee County - southeast corner
* Manatee County - south
* Pinellas County - west
# Pudukkottai

Pudukkottai is in Tamil Nadu. Pudukkottai is also known as Archaeologist's Paradise. It is one of the oldest human settlements in south India.

## Understand
### History

The history of Pudukkottai is an epitome of the history of South India. In and around Pudukkottai, there are many vestiges of the oldest habitations of man and some of the lithic records known in the south. The Pandyas, Cholas, Pallavas, Haysalas, Vijaynagar and Madurai Nayaks ruled over this part of the country and fostered it's communal organisations, trade and industries and embellished it with temples and monuments of outstanding merit.

## Get in
### By plane

The nearest airport is Tiruchirappalli (TRZ). Pudukkotai is about 50 km from Tiruchirappalli. Regular bus services are there from Tiruchirappalli to Pudukkottai.

### By train

* 10.37245778.8019461 Pudukkottai SR . (updated Jun 2023)

### By bus

Regular buses are there from Chennai and other important places in Tamil Nadu. Buses are run by Tamil Nadu State Transport corporation (TNSTC). Bus tickets can be booked at TNSTC Ticket booking$^{[deadlink]}$. Also private buses can be booked at www.redbus.in

## See

* 10.07305679.041 Avudaiyarkoil. The most ornate temple in Pudukkottai district, full of bursting baroque sculptures. It is the temple of Athmanatha. It is called Thirupperundurai in inscriptions and is intimately associated with Siva saint Manickavasakar. The sacred book Saivism, Thiruvasakam of Manickavasakar originated from this shrine. God is worshipped formlessly and has no images in the sacnithanam. The utsavamurti of the temple is Manikkavasakar. The mandapams are full of breathtaking sculptures and a veritable gallery of sculptures. (updated Jun 2023)
* 10.38901378.7996672 Government Museum, Thirukokaranam. 9:30AM–5:00PM (closed F and second Sa). The museum was opened in 1910 by the Thondaiman Rulers. It is one of the largest museums in Tamil Nadu. Adult ₹5, children ₹3, students ₹2, for foreigners ₹100. (updated Jun 2023)
* 10.4165178.6596343 Sikharagiriswara Temple, Kudumiyamalai (20 km (12 mi) from Pudukkottai). The temple complex includes a 1000-pillared hall and has many inscriptions by the Pallava king Mahendravarman including a treatise on music. (updated Jun 2023)
* 10.454478.72474 Sittanavasal Cave. Living places of Jains. The place is almost 800 years old. Nearby lake and boating. Nicely landscaped garden. (updated Jun 2023)
* 10.247178.75085 Thirumayam Fort. A fort constructed by Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi, the Raja of Ramnad in 1687. The fort has three entrances; one on the north, another on the south and third on the east. The shrines dedicated to Hanuman, Sakti, Ganapati, Karuppar (guardian deities of the fort) are on the southern side and shrine to Bhairava on the northern side. Opposite to this chamber on the western slope of a boulder is a rock-cut cell containing a linga on yonipitha, the spout of which is supported by the figure of a dwarf. (updated Jun 2023)

## Sleep

Mid Range: Hotel MA Grand Opposite Santhi Theater.

## Connect

STD (Long Distance) Code for Pudukkottai is 04322.

## Go next

Karaikkudi