# Egyptian Arabic phrasebook

The Egyptian dialect of Arabic (`àràbi màSri عربى مصرى) is the modern Egyptian vernacular and the most widely spoken and understood colloquial variety of Arabic. It is spoken by more than 90 million people, mainly in Egypt. It is used in everyday speech, comics, advertising, song lyrics, teen magazines, plays, and TV shows, but rarely in novels, newspapers, and never in news reporting, which use Modern Standard Arabic instead.
The phrasebook is based on the metropolitan Egyptian Arabic based on the pronunciation of urban Egyptians in Cairo.

## Pronunciation

Arabic alphabet in general differ in shape slightly, depending on their position in the word.

### Vowels

Egyptian Arabic has more vowels (Hàràkât حركات) than the three of Classical Arabic, and it differentiates between short and long vowels. Long vowels are shown in this phrasebook with a macron or a circumflex above the vowel.
The stress falls on the syllable with a long vowel and/or the next-to-last syllable. Stress isn't marked in words without a long vowel for simplification. Words can't have more than one long vowel. Long vowels can't occur before two consonants.

#### a

    like ā but shorter. (IPA: [æ])

#### ā ا (alef)

    as in "hand" (long). (IPA: [æː])

#### à

    like â but shorter. (IPA: [ɑ])

#### â ا (alef)

    as in "bar". (IPA: [ɑː])

#### o

    as in "more". (IPA: [o])

#### ō و (wâw)

    similar to "float". (IPA: [oː])

#### ū و (wâw)

    as in "shoe" (long). (IPA: [uː])

#### e

    similar to "fate" (short). (IPA: [e])

#### ē ي (ye)

    similar to "fate" (long). (IPA: [eː])

#### ī ي (ye)

    as in "sheet" (long). (IPA: [iː])

### Consonants

Most Arabic consonants (Sàwâ’et صوائت) are not too difficult:
    You should notice, also, that in Egyptian Arabic, consonants can be geminated (doubled).

#### b ب (be)

    as in English.

#### d د (dāl)

    as in English.

#### f ف (fe)

    as in English.

#### g ج (gīm)

    as in English, go.

#### h هـ (he)

    as in English, but occurs in unfamiliar positions; may also be pronounced word-finally as a or u, and rarely à. It is often substituted for the following letter for the a / à pronunciation.

#### -a / -et / -à / -at ة (te màrbūTà)

    only appears word-finally; either a or et, depending on the context, and rarely à or at.

#### k ك (kāf)

    as in English.

#### l ل (lām)

    similar to English l

#### m م (mīm)

    as in English.

#### n ن (nūn)

    as in English.:

#### r ر (re)

    similar to English r, pronounced trilled (as in Spanish and Italian).

#### s س (sīn)

    as in English.

#### s ث (se)

    as in English, see.

#### sh ش (shīn)

    as the English sh in she. (IPA: [ʃ])

#### t ت (te)

    as in English.

#### w و (wâw)

    as in English.

#### y ي (ye)

    as in English.

#### z ز (zēn)

    as in English.

#### z ذ (zāl)

    as in English, zero.

#### j چ

    as s in the English word pleasure (only found in loanwords). (IPA: [ʒ]). Its counterpart ج may be used instead, in transliterations.

#### p پ

    as in English (only found in loanwords). Its counterpart ب may be used instead, in transliterations.

#### v ڤ

    as in English (only found in loanwords). Its counterpart ف may be used instead, in transliterations.
The following are a little more unusual:

#### D ض (Dâd)

    emphatic d (IPA: /dˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Most Egyptians don't distinguish its pronunciation from د (IPA: [d]).

#### gh غ (ghēn)

    a voiced-kh like a French "r". (IPA: [ɣ])

#### H ح (Hà)

    a hard h made in the pharynx. (IPA: [ħ])

#### S ص (Sâd)

    emphatic s (IPA: /sˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.

#### T ط (Tà)

    emphatic t (IPA: /tˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.

#### kh خ (khà)

    a harsh sound found in rare English words like loch and Bach. (IPA: [x])

#### Z ظ (Zà)

    emphatic z (IPA: /zˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.

#### q ق (qâf)

    a hard k pronounced in the back of the mouth (IPA: /q/). In Egyptian Arabic it is usually a glottal stop (IPA: [ʔ]).
The last two are hard for non-native speakers, so try to get a native speaker to demonstrate. That said, most beginners tend to opt for the simple approach of ignoring those pesky apostrophes entirely, but it's worth it to make the effort.

#### ’ ء أ إ آ ؤ ئ (hamza)

    a glottal stop (IPA: [ʔ]), or the constriction of the throat as between the syllables uh-oh, but in Arabic this is often found in strange places such as the end of a word.

#### ` ع (`ēn)

    a voiced-H (IPA: [ʕ]), famously equated to the sound of someone being strangled.

## Phrase list

    lestet el `ebàrât ليستة العبارات

### Basics

    asaseyyāt أساسيات
Many Arabic expressions are slightly different for men and women, depending both on the gender of the person talking (you) and the person being addressed.
Hello (peace be upon you): es-salāmu `alēku السلام عليكو Hello (informal): ahlan أهلاً Good morning: SàbâH el khēr صباح الخير Good evening: masā’ el khēr مساء الخير

#### Good night (to sleep)

    teSbàH `ala khēr تصبح على خير (to a male) teSbàHi `ala khēr تصبحى على خير (to a female) teSbàHu `ala khēr تصبحو على خير (to a group)

#### How are you?

    ezzayyak? إزيك (to a male) ezzayyek? إزيك (to a female) ezzayyoku? إزيكو (to a group) ezzayye Hàdretàk? إزى حدرتك (to an elder; Hàdretek: female)

#### Fine, thank you.

    kowayyes shokràn كويس شكرا (male) kowayyesa shokràn كويسة شكرا (female) kowayyesīn shokràn كويسين شكراً (group) A far more common response to the question "how are you" is simply to thank God - el Hamde lellā الحمد لله

#### What is your name?

    esmak ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (to a male) esmek ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (to a female)
My name is ______ : esmi ______ إسمى

#### Please.

    men fàDlàk من فضلك (to a male) men fàDlek من فضلك (to a female) men fàDloku من فضلكو (to a group)
Thank you: shokràn شكراً You're welcome: el `afw العفو Yes: aywa أيوا No: la لا

#### Excuse me. (getting attention)

    men fàdlàk من فضلك (to a male) men fàdlek من فضلك (to a female) men fàdloku من فضلكو (to a group)

#### Excuse me. (avoiding offence)

    ba`de eznak بعد إذنك (to a male) ba`de eznek بعد إذنك (to a female) ba`de eznoku بعد إذنكو (to a group)
Excuse me. (begging pardon): la mo’akhza لا مؤاخذة

#### I'm sorry

    ana āsef أنا آسف (male) ana asfa أنا أسفة (female)
Goodbye: ma`as-salāma مع السلامة Goodbye (informal): salām سلام I can't speak Arabic well: mesh batkallem `arabi kwayyes مش بتكلم عربى كويس

#### Do you speak English?

    betetkallem engelīzi? بتتكلم إنجليزى؟ (male) betetkallemi engelīzi? بتتكلمى إنجليزى؟ (female)
Is there someone here who speaks English?: fī Hadde hena beyetkallem engelīzi? فيه حد هنا بيتكلم إنجليزى؟ Help!: elHa’ūni! إلحقونى

#### Look out!

    Hāseb حاسب (to a male) Hasbi حاسبى (to a female) Hasbu حاسبو (to a group)

#### I don't understand.

    ana mesh fāhem أنا مش فاهم (male) ana mesh fahma أنا مش فاهمة (female)
Where is the toilet?: fēn el Hammām? فين الحمام؟

### Problems

    mashākel مشاكل

#### Leave me alone.

    sebni! سيبنى (to a male), sibīni! سيبينى ( to a female) sibūni! سيبونى (to a group)

#### Go away!

    emshi! إمشى (to a male or a female) emshu! إمشو (to a group)

#### Don't touch me!

    matelmesnīsh! ما تلمسنيش (to a male) matelmesenīsh! ما تلمسينيش (to a female)
I'll call the police: ana hakallem el bulīs أنا هكلم البوليس Police!: bulīs! بوليس Thief!: Hàrâmi! حرامى

#### I need help.

    ana meHtāg mosa`da أنا محتاج مساعدة (male speaking) ana meHtāga mosa`da أنا محتاجة مساعدة (female)
It's an emergency: Hāla Tàr’à حالة طارئة

#### I'm lost.

    ana tāyeh أنا تايه (male speaking) ana tayha أنا تايهة (female)
My purse/handbag was lost: shànTeti Dâ`et شنطيتى ضاعت My wallet was lost: màHfàZti Dâ`et محفظتى ضاعت

#### I'm sick.

    ana màrīD أنا مريض (male speaking) ana màrīDà أنا مريضة (female)

#### I'm injured.

    ana magrūH أنا مجروح (male speaking) ana magrūHa أنا مجروحة (female)

#### I need a doctor.

    ana meHtāg doktōr أنا محتاج دكتور (male speaking) ana meHtāga doktōr أنا محتاجة دكتور (female)

#### Can I use your phone?

    momken atkallem men telefōnak? ممكن أتكلم من تيلفونك؟ (to a male) momken atkallem men telefōnek? ممكن أتكلم من تيلفونك؟ (to a female) mumken atkallem men telefonku? ممكن أتكلم من تيلفونكو؟ (to a group)

#### May I use your cell phone?

    momken atkallem men mobàylàk? ممكن أتكلم من موبايلك؟ (to a male) momken atkallem men mobàylek? ممكن أتكلم من موبايلك؟ (to a female) momken atkallem men mobàyloku? ممكن أتكلم من موبايلكو؟ (to a group)

### Numbers

    àrqâm أرقام / nemar نمر
| Arabic Numerals | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Eastern Arabic numerals | ٠ | ١ | ٢ | ٣ | ٤ | ٥ | ٦ | ٧ | ٨ | ٩ |
Formally called "Eastern Arabic Numerals". In Arabic, known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية àrqâm hendeyya). Be careful that the zero is represented as a dot (٠) while five (٥) looks like the familiar zero. Furthermore, numbers are read left-to-right and not right-to-left as for Arabic text. Decimals are separated by the Latin-based comma, as the case with central European languages, not with a dot as the case for English language. The Latin-based comma looks different from the Arabic comma (،) or a similar mark which divides long numbers.
Also note that the numeral three (٣) in req`a handwriting (with a single wide hook) may appear like the numeral two (٢) in print (with a single narrow hook).
0 (٠): Sefr صفر / zīru زيرو 1 (١): wāHed واحد — first: awwal أول — the first (definitive f.): el ūla الأولى 2 (٢): etnēn إتنين — second: tāni تانى — second (definitive f.): et-tanya التانية 3 (٣): talāta تلاتة — third: tālet تالت — third (definitive f.): et-talta التالتة 4 (٤): àrbà`à أربعة — fourth: râbe` رابع — fourth (definitive f.): er-ràb`à الرابعة 5 (٥): khamsa خمسة — fifth: khāmes خامس — fifth (definitive f.): el khamsa الخامسة 6 (٦): setta ستة — sixth: sādes سادس — sixth (definitive f.): es-sadsa السادسة 7 (٧): sab`a سبعة — seventh: sābe` سابع — seventh (definitive f.): es-sab`a السابعة 8 (٨): tamanya تمانية — eighth: tāmen تامن — eighth (definitive f.): et-tamna التامنة 9 (٩): tes`a تسعة — ninth: tāse` تاسع — ninth (definitive f.): et-tas`a التاسعة 10 (١٠): `àshrà عشرة — tenth: `āsher عاشر — tenth (definitive f.): el `ashra العاشرة 11 (١١): Hedâshàr حداشر 12 (١٢): etnâshàr إتناشر 13 (١٣): tàlàttâshàr تلاتاشر 14 (١٤): àrbà`tâshàr أربعتاشر 15 (١٥): khàmàstâshàr خمستاشر 16 (١٦): settâshàr ستاشر 17 (١٧): sàbà`tâshàr سبعتاشر 18 (١٨): tàmàntâshàr تمنتاشر 19 (١٩): tesà`tâshàr تسعتاشر 20 (٢٠): `eshrīn عشرين 21 (٢١): wāHed we-`eshrīn واحد و عشرين 22 (٢٢): etnēn we-`eshrīn إتنين و عشرين 23 (٢٣): talāta we-`eshrīn تلاتة و عشرين 30 (٣٠): talatīn تلاتين 40 (٤٠): arbe`īn أربعين 50 (٥٠): khamsīn خمسين 60 (٦٠): settīn ستين 70 (٧٠): sab`īn سبعين 80 (٨٠): tamanīn تمانين 90 (٩٠): tes`īn تسعين 100 (١٠٠): meyya مية 200 (٢٠٠): metēn متين 300 (٣٠٠): toltomeyya تلتمية 400 (٤٠٠): rob`omeyya ربعميه 500 (٥٠٠): khomsomeyya خمسميه 600 (٦٠٠): sottomeyya ستميه 700 (٧٠٠): sob`omeyya سبعميه 800 (٨٠٠): tomnomeyya تمنميه 900 (٩٠٠): tos`omeyya تسعميه 1,000 (١،٠٠٠ ): alf ألف 2,000 (٢،٠٠٠): alfēn ألفين 3,000 (٣،٠٠٠): talattalāf تلاتلاف 4,000 (٤،٠٠٠): àrbà`talāf أربعتلاف 5,000 (٥،٠٠٠): khamastalāf خمستلاف 6,000 (٦،٠٠٠): settalāf ستلاف 7,000 (٧،٠٠٠): saba`talāf سبعتلاف 8,000 (٨،٠٠٠): tamantalāf تمنتلاف 9,000 (٩،٠٠٠): tesa`talāf تسعتلاف 10,000 (١٠،٠٠٠): `àshàrtalāf عشرتلاف 11,000 (١١،٠٠٠): Hedâshàr alf حداشر ألف 100,000 (١٠٠،٠٠٠): mīt alf ميت ألف 200,000 (٢٠٠،٠٠٠): metēn alf ميتين ألف 300,000 (٣٠٠،٠٠٠): toltomīt alf تلتميت ألف 400,000 (٤٠٠،٠٠٠): rob`omīt alf ربعميت ألف 1,000,000 (١،٠٠٠،٠٠٠): melyōn مليون 2,000,000 (٢،٠٠٠،٠٠٠): etnēn melyōn إتنين مليون 1,000,000,000 (١،٠٠٠،٠٠٠،٠٠٠): melyâr مليار / belyōn بليون 2,000,000,000 (٢،٠٠٠،٠٠٠،٠٠٠): etnēn melyâr إتنين مليار / etnēn belyōn إتنين بليون 100.6 (١٠٠,٦): meyya fàSlà setta مية فصلة ستة 1,000.63 (١،٠٠٠,٦٣): alfe fâSel setta talāta ألف فاصل ستة تلاتة number: nemra نمرة / ràqàm رقم half: noSS نص less: a’all أقل more: àktàr أكتر
Ordinal examples: 1) First man, first woman. أول راجل, أول ست awwal rāgel, awwal sett The first man, the first woman. الراجل الأول الست الأولى er-rāgel el awwal, es-sett el ūla 2) Second man, second woman. تانى راجل, تانى ست tāni rāgel, tāni sett The second man, the second woman. الراجل التانى, الست التانية er-rāgel et-tāni, es-sett et-tanya 3) Third man, third woman. تالت راجل, تالت ست tālet rāgel, tālet sett The third man, the third woman. الراجل التالت, الست التالتة er-rāgel et-tālet, es-sett et-talta

### Time

    wa’t وقت
now: delwa’ti دلوقتى later: ba`dēn بعدين before: abl قبل after: ba`d بعد sunrise: esh-shorū’ الشروق morning: SobH صبح in the morning: es-SobH الصبح noon: ed-dohr الضهر in the noon: fed-dohr فى الضهر afternoon: el `àSr العصر in the afternoon: fel `àSr فى العصر sunset: el ghorūb الغروب evening: mesa مسا or masā’ مساء in the evening: `al mesa ع المسا night: lēla ليلة in the night: bel-lēl بلليل dawn: fagr فجر in the dawn: fel fagr فى الفجر

#### Clock time

    wa’t el sā`a وقت الساعة
what time is it?: es-sā`a kām? الساعة كام؟ it is ___ : es-sā`a ___ الساعة...‏ it is 3 o'clock: es-sā`a talāta (bezZàbt) الساعة تلاتة (بالظبط)‏ quarter past: we rob` و ربع quarter to: ella rob` إلا ربع half past: we noSS و نص it is half past 3: es-sā`a talāta w-noSS الساعة تلاتة و نص

#### Duration

    el modda المدة

#### Days

    el ayyām الأيام
Monday: yōm letnēn يوم الإتنين Tuesday: yōm et-talāt يوم التلات Wednesday: yōm làrbà` يوم الأربع Thursday: yōm el khamīs يوم الخميس Friday: yōm el gom`a يوم الجمعة Saturday: yōm es-sabt يوم السبت Sunday: yōm el Hadd يوم الحد

#### Months

    esh-shohūr الشهور
January: yanāyer يناير February: febrâyer فبراير March: māres مارس April: ebrīl ابريل May: māyu مايو June: yonya يونيه July: yolya يوليه August: aghosTos اغسطس September: sebtamber سبتمبر October: oktōbàr اُكتوبر November: nofamber نوفمبر December: desamber ديسمبر

#### Writing time and date

    ketābet el wa’te wet-tarīkh كتابة الوقت و التاريخ

### Colors

    alwān ألوان
white: àbyàD أبيض black: eswed إسود gray: ràmâdi رمادى silver: faDDi فضى golden: dahabi دهبى red: àHmàr أحمر green: àkhDàr أخضر blue: azra’ أزرق yellow: àSfàr أصفر orange: borto’âni برتقانى pink: bambi بمبى brown: bonni بنى violet: banafsegi بنفسجى turquoise: terkewāz تركواز honey: `asali عسلى
Examples: Bluish green is turquoise: أخضر مزرق يبقى تركوازى akhDar mezre’ yeb’a terkewāz A turquoise dress: فستان تركوازى fostān terkewāzi A brown bag: شنطة بنى shànTà bonni A silver watch: ساعة فضى sā`a faDDi A golden ring: خاتم دهبى khātem dahabi Black hair: شعر إسود shà`r eswed Brown hair: شعر بنى shà`re bonni Brown eyes: عيون بنى `eyūn bonni Honey eyes: عيون عسلى `eyūn `asali Yellow hair: شعر أصفر shà`r àSfàr White hair: شعر أبيض shà`r àbyaD Orange hair: شعر برتقانى shà`re borto’âni Green eyes: عيون خضرة `eyūn khàDrà / عيون خضر `eyūn khoDr Blue eyes: عيون زرقا `eyūn zar’a / عيون زرق `eyūn zor’

### Places

    amāken أماكن
Airport: màTâr مطار Train station: màHàTtet el àTr محطة القطر Metro station: màHàTtet el metro محطة المترو Bus station: màHàTtet el otobis محطة الاوتوبيس Library: maktaba مكتبة School: madrasa مدرسة

### Transportation

    el mowaSlât المواصلات

#### Bus and train

    el otobīs wel àTr الاوتوبيس و القطر
Can I buy a ticket?: momken ashteri tàzkàrà? ممكن أشترى تذكرة

##### I will step down in (Heliopolis)

    ana nāzel fe (màSr el gedīda) أنا نازل فى (مصر الجديدة)‏ (male speaking) ana nazla fe (màSr el gedīda) أنا نازلة فى (مصر الجديدة)‏ (female)

#### Directions

    ettegahāt إتجاهات
front: oddām قدام back: wàrà ورا up: fō’ فوق down: taHt تحت right: yemīn يمين left: shemāl شمال
north: shamāl شمال south: ganūb جنوب east: shar’ شرق west: ghàrb غرب
compass: boSlà بوصلة

#### Taxi

    taksi تاكسى

##### Can you drive me to (the hospital)?

    momken tewàSSàlni (el mostashfa)? ممكن توصلنى (المستشفى)؟