# Apulia

Apulia (Italian: Puglia) is a region of Southern Italy. It has 4 million inhabitants and is the easternmost region of the country, reaching a distance of only 72 km (45 miles) from Cape Otranto in the coasts of Albania.

## Provinces

The region is divided into six provinces:
* Metropolitan City of Bari (BA) The famous "Trulli" of Alberobello, pictoresque old town of the capital with its vibrant nightlife, characteristic old ports.
* Barletta-Andria-Trani (BT) The majestic Castel del Monte, enchanting old towns on the Adriatic sea rich of churches and castles.
* Brindisi (BR) The "white town" of Ostuni, inland towns rich of interesting architectures, Brindisi port with ferries to Albania and Greece.
* Foggia (FG) Gargano National Park with Tremiti islands, small medieval villages on the Apennines and relevant religious sites and itinenaries.
* Lecce (LE) The impressive Baroque architectures of Lecce, small towns rich of festivals and tradictions, wonderful beaches and caves to explore, expenses of olive trees.
* Taranto (TA) Historic centre and museums of Taranto, Messapian and Greek archaeological sites and many beach resorts.

## Cities

* 41.12599416.8670311 Bari — (capital) the largest city on the Adriatic Sea with an enchanting old town, Romanesque churches and many elegant buildings
* 40.82741316.5527512 Altamura — in the Alta Murgia National Park, famous for its Romanesque cathedral, prehistoric sites and its typical bread
* 40.63559717.9423863 Brindisi — elegant seafront on the Adriatic Sea, Roman age remains and two castles situated in front of the sea
* 41.46170515.5451924 Foggia — main centre of the plain of Tavoliere delle Puglie (Table of the Apulias), ancient Swabian imperial town
* 40.35233518.1728545 Lecce — called the "Florence of the South" for its magnificent baroque churches and buildings, it also has Roman theater and amphitheater
* 40.70473117.3392446 Martina Franca — main centre of Itria Valley with an old town characterised by typical white houses
* 40.95240817.3007147 Monopoli — beautiful medieval port town on the Adriatic coast
* 40.73252317.5780568 Ostuni — magic locality known as the "white town" for the color of its historical centre's houses
* 40.47310917.2360679 Taranto — ancient Greek city with a relevant National Archaeological Museum (MArTA) and many sights of different ages

## Other destinations

* 40.78319617.2366511 Alberobello — (literally "beautiful tree"), magic village known in the world for its famous "trulli" (UNESCO World Heritage)
* 41.08473416.2708862 Andria — with the medieval fortress of Castel del Monte, built by Emperor Frederick II (UNESCO World Heritage)
* 40.05607117.9813373 Gallipoli — (meaning "beautiful city"), a fascinating old town situated on an island and sandy beach resorts
* 41.70670515.9570154 Monte Sant'Angelo — characteristic village situated on the Gargano promontory, with the Longobard Sanctuary of San Michele (UNESCO World Heritage)
* 40.14472318.4919465 Otranto — the easternmost town of Italy and one of its most beautiful villages
* 39.9417318.2994346 Specchia — one of Italy's most beautiful villages, in the heart of Salento
* 42.12019515.4960627 Tremiti Islands — stunning archipelago in the Adriatic Sea

## Understand

Apulia is sometimes referred to as "the heel of Italy", in reference to the country's boot-like shape.

## Talk

Italian is the only language you will find useful to know for easily discovering Apulia, especially since the knowledge of English is frequently a bit inadequate.
In the central-northern area of Apulia people speak also local varieties of the Neapolitan language. In Salento, the Salentino (Salentìnu) dialect of the Sicilian language is spoken. Neither of these are officially recognised languages, so visitors will not find any bilingual sign, though some restaurants and diners have names in these languages. Trying to understand the speech of local people, especially the elderly ones, may be fun and will give you the possibility to fully appreciate the identity of this region.
The Italian Constitution recognises three linguistic minorities in the region: Griko (a variant of Greek language) spoken by 10,000 people in nine towns south of Lecce; Arbëresh (Albanian) in three scattered towns; and Franco-Provençal, which is spoken by less than 1,000 people in two small mountain villages (Faeto and Celle San Vito) between Foggia and Irpinia. Each of these languages is the result of medieval settlements and they are now used by municipalities mainly for local events or tourist brochures.

## Get in
### By plane

Bari Palese international airport has flights to international destinations including the UK, Belgium and Germany and flights to Italian destinations including Milan and Rome.
From Brindisi Airport, there are flights to Switzerland and the UK as well as Italian destinations.
From the UK, Ryanair flies to Bari and Brindisi from Stansted in London and Manchester.
British Airways also flies to Bari with a summer schedule.

### By train

Train from Rome can take about 6 hours and is usually very packed. Don't forget to validate your ticket!
Trains from Milan are both high speed to Bari and Intercity to Lecce and Taranto (usually around 7-8 hours of travel). A good value for your money can be a “Intercity notte”, a sleeper train that departs from Milan in the evening (around 9-10 PM), stopping also in Bologna, Ancona and other more minor centres in the north, before reaching Foggia at 6 AM, then the rest of the coastal cities, to terminate at Lecce at 8:30 AM. These trains can cost anywhere from €35 (seat, booked two months in advance) to €200 (sleeper single cabin, usually with breakfast service included) and are usually on time, excluding serious external events.

### By car

The region is served by two "autostrade" (toll motorways):
* — Adriatic Motorway, links Bologna to Taranto passing through the major towns of northern and central Apulia
* — Motorway of the Two Seas, links Naples to Canosa passing through the Apennines
For more info you can check the site of Autostrade per l'Italia.

### By bus

Autolinee Marino is a bus company who offers efficient and affordable links from the mayor cities of Apulia to different destinations in Italy and Europe, such as Frankfurt, Grenoble, Lyon, Munich, Stuttgart, Zurich and others.
Marozzi is a daily bus service speedily linking Apulia with Irpinia, Campania and Rome.
Miccolis lines provide connections from many towns of the region to nearby Basilicata. This company also performs useful urban and intercity services.

### By boat

There are many ferry companies providing service several times daily from Greece (Cephalonia, Corfu, Igoumenitsa, Patras, Zante) to Bari and Brindisi.

## Get around
### By rail

Ferrovie del sud est offers train and bus service in the region.

### By car

Strade statali (trunk roads) can be used for reaching internal destinations or the surrounding regions:
* — Via Appia, links Taranto to Brindisi
* — Salentina, links Taranto to Lecce
* — Adriatica, links the Gargano area to Otranto
* — Strada delle Puglie ("The road of Apulia's"), links Foggia to Irpinia and Naples
* SS Bari-Lecce — a useful divided highway to reach the Salento area from the regional capital
* — Salentina di Gallipoli, links Lecce to Gallipoli
* — Jonica, links Reggio di Calabria to Taranto along the Ionic coast
* — dei Trulli, links Casamassima to Taranto through the Itria Valley and the towns of Alberobello and Locorotondo
* — Salentina Meridionale, links Gallipoli to the southernmost tip of Apulia

## See

There are many things worth seeing in Puglia, especially the Trulli in Alberobello and other places, the cathedral of Trani, the old town in Bari, and the beaches of Monopoli.
Forests and mountains cover Gargano ("the spir of Italy") and Daunian Apennines, on the border with Irpinia. Other popular tourist sights are the Castellana Grotte, the Castel del Monte, the castle of Frederick II, Polignano a Mare, Ascoli Satriano, Conversano, Martina Franca, and Ostuni, the "white city".
Santa Maria al Bagno is a small fishing village, district of Nardò, on the coastline of the Gulf of Taranto, on the west coast of the Ionian Sea. It has beautiful unspoilt beaches all along the coast. Santa Maria al Bagno is approximately 45 min travelling time by car from Brindisi and 1h 30 min from Bari.

## Do

Take a bike tour along the coast. Apulia has an extensive network of small country lanes making it ideal for biking.

### Festivals

Some annual events are really not to be missed, the most relevant ones are:
* Notte della Taranta (Night of Tarantula), ☏ +39 0836 439008, nottedellatarantapress@gmail.com. A large itinerant festival of popular Salento music (Pizzica and Taranta) that takes place in the first half of August, culminating in a final open-air concert in the municipality of Melpignano, province of Lecce. The night of the great concert (concertone) has each year a different national-famous music director and involves more than 100.000 spectators. (updated Jun 2018)
A large number of minor local festivals (sagre) take place in every area of the region, especially during the summer season, representing a truly immersive way to discover local food and music.

## Eat

Traditional Apulian produce are orecchiette (a type of pasta), caciocavallo (a sheep cheese) and prosciutto di Faeto ("Faeto's ham").
There are a number of lovely places to eat in Casalini near Cisternino, which are reasonably priced compared to the tourist city of Ostuni.

## Stay safe

The region is definitely a safe place to visit. Pickpocketing can be a minor risk in cities such Bari, Foggia and Taranto.

## Go next

Ariano Irpino (named as Ariano in Apulia until 1930) is a town located astride the Apennines along the SS90 connecting Apulia to Naples, the ancient kingdom's capital.