# Motivation and emotion/Book/2016/Team Sport and emotion
## Emotion

Emotion refers to a subjective complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal, cognitive processes, feelings and behavioural reactions, in response to a personally significant situation. (American Psychological Association, 2016) There have been a number of psychologists who have studied emotion and worked towards identifying different types of emotion. Shaver et al. (2001) identified six primary emotions. Attached to these six emotions, there are secondary and tertiary emotions.
| Primary emotion | Secondary emotion | Tertiary emotions |
| Love | Affection | Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality |
| Love | Lust | Arousal, desire, lust, passion, infatuation |
| Love | Longing | Longing |
| Joy | Cheerfulness | Amusement, bliss, cheerfulness, gaiety, glee, jolliness, joviality, joy, delight, enjoyment, gladness, happiness, jubilation, elation, satisfaction, ecstasy, euphoria |
| Joy | Zest | Enthusiasm, zeal, zest, excitement, thrill, exhilaration |
| Joy | Contentment | Contentment, pleasure |
| Joy | Pride | Pride, triumph |
| Joy | Optimism | Eagerness, hope, optimism |
| Joy | Enthrallment | Enthrallment, rapture |
| Joy | Relief | Relief |
| Surprise | Surprise | Amazement, surprise, astonishment |
| Anger | Irritation | Aggravation, irritation, agitation, annoyance, grouchiness, grumpiness |
| Anger | Exasperation | Exasperation, frustration |
| Anger | Rage | Anger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment |
| Anger | Disgust | Disgust, revulsion, contempt |
| Anger | Envy | Envy, jealousy |
| Anger | Torment | Torment |
| Sadness | Suffering | Agony, suffering, hurt, anguish |
| Sadness | Sadness | Depression, despair, hopelessness, gloom, glumness, sadness, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy |
| Sadness | Disappointment | Dismay, disappointment, displeasure |
| Sadness | Shame | Guilt, shame, regret, remorse |
| Sadness | Neglect | Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult |
| Sadness | Sympathy | Pity, sympathy |
| Fear | Horror | Alarm, shock, fear, fright, horror, terror, panic, hysteria, mortification |
| Fear | Nervousness | Anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread |
While a plethora of research has been done on human emotions, Shaver's (2001) description of emotion some of the most comprehensive research that has been conducted on the range of emotions that humans feel. Ekman (2003), also found six universal emotions. These emotions were happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, and disgust and also created an atlas of over 10,000 human facial expresions and the emotions that are related to these facial expressions.

## Theories of team sport and emotion
### James Lange theory

Witnessing an external stimulus leads to a physiological response. Your emotional reaction depends on upon how you interpret those physical reactions.
Event --> arousal --> interpretation --> emotion