# Student Success/Health and Safety

This lesson introduces health and safety. In this lesson you will learn about the importance of nutrition, exercise, sleep, mental health, sexual health, and safety, and the risks of substance abuse and the impacts of stress.

## Objectives and Skills

Objectives and skills for this lesson include:
* Describe the major risks of an unhealthy diet and the benefits of healthy eating
* Identify the benefits of regular exercise, for both body and brain
* Identify benefits of sleep for both physical and mental health
* Explain what substance use and abuse is and identify the warning signs that help may be needed
* List healthy ways of managing stress that fit your current lifestyle
* Identify the difference between occasional negative emotions and more serious mental health issues, such as anxiety disorder or depression
* Identify sexually healthy behaviors, including protecting against unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease
* Describe strategies for staying safe on campus and elsewhere

## Readings

* Lumen: College Success - Nutrition
* Lumen: College Success - Exercise
* Lumen: College Success - Sleep
* Lumen: College Success - Substance Abuse
* Lumen: College Success - Stress
* Lumen: College Success - Mental Health
* Lumen: College Success - Sexual Health
* Lumen: College Success - Safety

## Multimedia

* YouTube: How to Follow the USDA MyPlate Dietary Guidelines
* YouTube: Exercise and the Brain
* YouTube: Exercise and the Brain
* YouTube: Body Scan Meditation
* YouTube: Connected, but alone?
* YouTube: Shedding Light on Student Depression
* YouTube: My Rapist Is Still On Campus: Sexual Assault In The Ivy League
* YouTube: College Crime and Safety
* YouTube: Safety Tips for College Students

## Activities

* Explore student services.
** Contact college Health Services to learn about health and safety programs available to students.
* Keep a food log.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Nutrition.
** Download a free calorie counter / food diary app and use it to track your diet for a week.
* Create an exercise plan.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Exercise.
** Tour the college recreation and fitness center.
** Update your weekly schedule to include 150 minutes of exercise each week.
* Track your sleep habits.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Sleep.
** Keep a log of how much sleep you get each night for a week.
** Add a short note each night before going to sleep describing how you felt that day and how productive you were.
** At the end of the week, reflect on the correlation between your sleep habits and your overall health and productivity.
* Research substance abuse.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Substance Abuse.
** Select a commonly abused substance that concerns you. Research the subject and then create a presentation highlighting the associated risks and how to seek help.
* Practice healthy stress relief.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Stress.
** Reflect on how you cope with stress. Identify at least one healthier alternative stress-management approach and practice using that approach.
* Help a friend.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Mental Health.
** Contact college counseling services to learn about the process for seeking and obtaining assistance.
** Consider your friends and their current emotional and mental states. If you have any concerns, reach out and encourage them to seek help.
* Understand the prevalence and impact of sexual assault.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Sexual Health.
** Review Behavioral Scientist: What the Origins of the “1 in 5” Statistic Teaches Us About Sexual Assault Policy
** Reflect on what you have learned about sexual assault. If you are a victim of sexual assault, seek help.
* Review your personal safety.
** Review Lumen: College Success - Assignment: Safety.
** Think about your daily or weekly activities. In what situations do you consider yourself to be reasonably safe? Which situations are more risky? What changes should you make to improve your overall safety?
* Blog / Journal / Wiki
** Update your blog, journal, or wiki page summarizing your experience this week. Include a list of resources and links or contact information for each resource.

## Lesson Summary
### Nutrition

USDA healthy eating guidelines include:
* Make half your plate fruits and vegetables: Focus on whole fruits, and vary your veggies
* Make half your grains whole grains
* Vary your protein routine
* Move to low-fat or fat-free milk or yogurt
* Drink and eat less sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars
* Eat the right amount

### Exercise

Types of exercise include:
* Aerobic Exercise
* Strength Training
* Flexibility Exercises
* Being Active Throughout the Day
Benefits of exercise include:
* Longevity
* Diabetes Risk Reduction
* Brain: Mood, Memory, Creativity

### Sleep

Sleep helps you think more clearly, have quicker reflexes, and focus better.
Loss of sleep impairs your higher levels of reasoning, problem-solving, and attention to detail.
Sleep recommendations include:
* Set a schedule
* Exercise
* Avoid caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol before bed
* Relax before bed
* Sleep until sunlight
* Don’t lie in bed awake
* Control your room temperature
* Screen out noise and light
* See a doctor if your sleeping problem continues

### Substance Abuse

A drug is a chemical substance that can change how your body and mind work. Drugs of abuse are substances that people use to get high and change how they feel.
Drugs include:
* Cigarettes and tobacco
* Alcohol
* Marijuana
* Cocaine
* Heroin
* Meth
* Prescription medications
* Recreational drugs
If your use of drugs or alcohol is interfering with your life—negatively affecting your health, work, school, relationships, or finances—it’s time to quit or seek help.

### Stress

Stress is a natural response of the mind and body to a situation in which a person feels threatened or anxious.
Ways to manage stress include:
* Avoid drugs and alcohol
* Manage your time
* Find support
* Connect socially
* Slow down
* Take care of your health

### Mental Health

Mental health can be defined as a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.
Mental health indicators include:
* Emotional well-being
* Psychological well-being
* Social well-being
Mental health issues include:
* Depression
* Loneliness
* Eating disorders
* Anxiety disorders
* Suicidal behavior
If you or someone you know needs help, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1.800.273.TALK (8255). Trained crisis workers are available to talk 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
International suicide hotlines are listed at Suicide.org
If you think someone is in immediate danger, do not leave him or her alone—stay there and call 911.
OK2TALK is a community for young adults struggling with mental health problems. It offers a safe place to talk.

### Sexual Health

Sexual health concerns include:
* Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)
* Unintended Pregnancy
* Sexual Assault
The surest way to protect yourself against STIs is to not have sex (practice “abstinence”). That means not having any vaginal, anal, or oral sex. There are many things to consider before having sex, and it’s okay to say no if you don’t want to have sex.
If you do decide to have sex, you and your partner should get tested beforehand and make sure that you and your partner use a condom—every time you have oral, anal, or vaginal sex, from start to finish. Know where to get condoms and how to use them correctly. It’s not safe to stop using condoms unless you’ve both been tested, know your status, and are in a mutually monogamous relationship.
If a condom breaks or you have unprotected sexual intercourse, it’s possible to take an emergency contraceptive pill (ECP)—sometimes called a “morning-after pill”—which may prevent a pregnancy from occurring.
Take the following steps if you or someone you know has been raped, or you think you might have been drugged and raped:
* Get medical care right away.
* Call the police from the hospital.
* Ask the hospital to take a urine (pee) sample that can be used to test for date rape drugs.
* Don’t pick up or clean up where you think the assault might have occurred.
* Get counseling and treatment.
The U.S. National Sexual Assault Hotline phone number is 800-656-HOPE.

### Safety

Safety consciousness is a term describing your awareness of hazards, and your alertness to potential danger. In order to have safety consciousness, you must value safety no matter where you are or what time of day it is.
Tips for staying safe include:
* Travel with a friend or use the campus escort service
* Keep doors locked
* Keep a close eye on your belongings
* Be cautious, not paranoid
* Know the phone number for Campus Safety
* Put emergency numbers in your cell phone
* If you see something, say something
* Download a free personal safety app on your mobile device