OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Causia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CAU'SIA (καυσία). A high-crowned, and broad-rimmed felted hat invented by the Macedonians (Val. Max. v. 1. 4.); from whom it descended to the Romans, and was especially worn by their fishermen and sailors. (Plaut. Mil. iv. 4. 42. Id. Pers. i. 3. 75.) The example (Causia/1.1) is from a fictile vase; but it resembles exactly the hat worn by Alexander, on a medal.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cauter

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CAU'TER and CAUTE'RIUM (καυτήρ, καυτήριον). A cautery or branding iron, used by surgeons, veterinaries, and others, for branding cattle, affixing a stigma upon slaves, and similar purposes. (Pallad. i. 43. 3. Veget. Vet. i. 28.) The example (Cauter/1.1) represents an original, four inches long, which was discovered in a surgeon's house at Pompeii.
2. An instrument employed for burning in the colours of an encaustic painting; but as that art, as it was practised amongst the ancients, is now lost, it is impossible to determine the exact character of the instrument, or the precise manner in which it was used. Mart. Dig. 33. 7. 17. Tertull. adv. Hermog. 1.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cavernae

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CAVER'NAE (κοίλη or κοίλη ναῦς). The hold of a ship, and the cabins it contains. Cic. Orat. iii. 46. Lucan. ix. 110.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Celeres

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CEL'ERES. The old and original name by which the equestrian order at Rome was designated upon its first institution by Romulus, consisting of a body of 300 mounted men, selected from the 300 patrician or burgher families, and thus forming the nucleus of the Roman cavalry. Liv. i. 15. Plin. H. N. xxxiii. 9. Festus. s. v. Niebur, Hist. Rom. vol. i. p. 325. transl.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Celes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CEL'ES (κέλης). A horse for riding, in contradistinction to a carriage or draught horse; but more particularly a race-horse, ridden in the Greek Hippodrome, or the Roman Circus (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 10.), one of which is shown in the illustration (Celes/1.1), from a stucco frieze, representing Cupids racing, in the baths of Pompeii.
2. A boat or vessel of a particular class, in which each rower handled a single oar on his own side, in contradistinction to those in which each man worked a pair, and those in which more than one man laboured at the same oar. The larger descriptions had many oarsmen, and were sometimes fitted with a mast and sail, but had no deck, and in consequence of their fleetness were much used by pirates. (Plin. H. N. vi. 57. Aul. Gell. x. 25. Herod. vii. 94. Thucyd. iv. 9. Scheffer, Mil. Nav. p. 68.) The illustration (Celes/2.1) here given is from the Column of Trajan, and clearly represents a vessel rowed in the manner described, and therefore belonging to this class.
* Celes/1.1
* Celes/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Celetizontes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELETIZON'TES (κελητίζοντες). Jockeys, who rode the race-horses in the Greek Hippodrome (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 19. n. 14), as shown in the last wood-cut but one.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Celeusma

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELEUS'MA (κέλευσμα). The chaunt or cry given out by the cockswain (hortator, pausarius, κελευστής) to the rowers of the Greek and Roman vessels, in order to aid them in keeping the stroke, and encourage them at their work. (Mart. Ep. iii. 67. Rutil. i. 370.) The chaunt was sometimes taken up, and sung in chorus by the rowers, and sometimes played upon musical instruments. Auson. in Div. Verr. 17.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cellarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELLA'RIUS. A slave belonging to the class of ordinarii, who had charge of the pantry, store-room, and wine cellar (cella penaria et vinaria), and whose duty it was to give out the daily rations of meat and drink to the household. Plaut. Capt. iv. 2. 116. Columell. xi. 1. 19.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cellatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELLA'TIO. A suite or set of small rooms, as in the illustration to CELLA 4., which might be applied for any of the ordinary purposes of life, as store-rooms, sleeping-rooms for slaves and inferior dependants, &c. Pet. Sat. 77. 4.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cellio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELL'IO. Same as CELLARIUS. Inscript. ap. Grut. 582. 10.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cellularius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELLULA'RIUS. A monk or friar, so called from the small conventual cells in which the religious orders dwelt. Sidon. Epist. ix. 9.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cellula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELL'ULA. Diminutive of CELLA. Any small or ordinary kind of chamber, such as those described and represented in CELLA 4. Ter. Eun. ii. 3. 18. Pet. Sat. 11. 1.
2. The interior of a small shrine or temple, as described in CELLA 7. Pet. Sat. 136. 9.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Celox

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CELOX. The same as CELES, 2. Ennius, ap. Isidor. Orig. xxx. 1. 22. Liv. xxxvii. 27.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cenotaphium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENOTAPH'IUM (κενοτάφιον). A cenotaph, or honorary tomb erected in memory of a person whose body could not be found, or whose ashes had been deposited elsewhere (Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 63.); hence also called tumulus honorarius (Suet. Claud. 1.), and inanis (Virg. Aen. iii. 303.), because it was erected merely out of compliment to the deceased, and did not contain any of his remains.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Censor

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENSOR (τιμητής). A Roman magistrate of high rank, whose duty it was to rate the property of the citizens by taking the census; to superintend their conduct and morals; and to punish those who had misconducted themselves, by degradation and removal from their rank, offices, or position in society. Thus he could deprive the senator of his seat in the house; the knight, of the horse allowed him at the public expense, which was equivalent to breaking him; or he could remove any citizen from his tribe into one of less influence or rank. (Liv. xxvii. 11. Suet. Aug. 37. Polyb. vi. 13. 3.) He wore no distinctive badge, nor particular costume, beyond the usual ones of his consular rank; and, consequently, when a censor is represented on coins or medals, he is merely draped in the toga, and sitting on a curule chair, as in the coin of Claudius in Spanheim, vol. ii. p. 101.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Centaurus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENTAU'RUS (κένταυρος). A centaur; a savage race of men who dwelt between the mountains Pelion and Ossa in Thessaly, and were destroyed in a war with their neighbours, the Lapithae. But the poets and artists converted them into a fabulous race of monsters, half man and half horse, whence termed bimembres (Virg. Aen. viii. 293. Ovid, Met. xv. 283.); in which form they are represented waging war with the Lapithae in the metopes of the Parthenon, on the temples of Theseus at Athens, and of Apollo Epicurius near Phigaleia in Arcadia. In the works of Greek art they are represented of both sexes, frequently playing upon some musical instrument, and the figure is always remarkable for the consummate grace and skill with which the artists of that nation contrived to unite the otherwise incongruous parts of two such dissimilar forms. The figure (Centaurus/1.1) of a female centaur, as being less common, is selected for the illustration, from a very beautiful relief in bronze, of Greek workmanship, discovered at Pompeii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Centonarii

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENTONA'RII. Piece-brokers, and persons who made and sold pieces of patchwork, made up from old cast-off garments; the dealing in which formed a regular trade at Rome, where such economical articles were extensively used for blankets to extinguish conflagrations (Ulp. Dig. 33. 7. 12.); to protect tents and military machines against an enemy's missiles (Caes. B. C. ii. 9.), and other purposes enumerated in CENTO.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cento

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENTO (κέντρων. Generally, any covering or garment composed of different scraps of cloth sewed together, like patch-work, which the ancients employed as clothing for their slaves (Cato, R. R. 59. Columell. i. 8. 9.), as counterpanes for beds (Macrob. Sat. i. 6.), or other common purposes; whence the same name was also given to a poem made up of verses or scraps collected from different authors, like the Cento Nuptialis of Ausonius.
2. Specially, a cloth of the same common description; used as a saddle-cloth under the saddle of a beast of burden, to prevent it from galling the back, as shown in the annexed example (Cento/2.1) from a painting at Herculaneum. Veget. Vet. ii. 59. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Centunculus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENTUN'CULUS. Diminutive of CENTO; and applied in the same senses as there mentioned (Apul. Met. i. p. 5. Liv. vii. 4. Edict. Dioclet. p. 21.); and from a passage of Apuleius (Apol. p. 422. mimi centunculo), the same word is also believed to indicate a dress of chequered pattern, like what is now called harlequin's, which is undoubtedly of great antiquity; for in the Museum at Naples, there is preserved a fictile vase on which Bacchus is represented in a burlesque character, and draped precisely like our modern harlequin.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Centurio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CENTU'RIO (ἑκατοντάρχης). A centurion; an officer in the Roman army, of lower rank than the tribunes, by whom he was appointed. His post on the field of battle was immediately in front of the eagle (Veget. Mil. ii. 8.); and the distinguishing badge of his rank was a rod (vitis), with which he used to correct his men when refractory or negligent of their duties. (Plin. H. N. xiv. 3.) The illustrations (Centurio/1.1) present the figures of two centurions, the one on the left-hand of the reader, from a sepulchral bas-relief, with the inscription QUINTUS PUBLIUS FESTUS. CENTUR. LEG. XI.; he has his rod in the right hand, is likewise decorated with phalerae, and wears greaves (ocreae), as the Roman soldiers did in early times; the other shows a centurion of the age of Trajan, from a bas-relief formerly belonging to the triumphal arch of that emperor, but now inserted in the arch of Constantine; he has his helmet on, the rod in his right hand, and in the original composition the bearer of the eagle (aquilifer) stands by his side.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cepotaphium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CEPOTAPH'IUM (κηποτάφιον). A tomb in a garden; or a garden to which a degree of religious veneration became attached, in consequence of its having a sepulchre erected within it. Inscript. ap. Fabretti, p. 80. n. 9. Id. p. 115. n. 293. Compare D. Joann. Evang. xix. 41.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cera

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CE'RA. Wax; and thence used to designate things made of wax; as the waxen masks or likenesses of a man's ancestors, which the Roman families of distinction preserved in cases placed round the atrium (Ovid. Fast. i. 591. Juv. viii. 19.), as shown by the example (Cera/1.1), from a sepulchral bas-relief, which represents a wife bewailing the death of her husband, whose likeness is placed in a small case against the wall of the apartment where the scene is laid.
2. A set of tablets for writing on with the style (stylus), made of thin slabs or leaves of wood, coated with wax, and having a raised margin all round to preserve the contents from friction. They were made of different sizes, and varied in the number of their leaves, whence the word in this sense is applied in the plural (Quint. x. 3. 31. and 32. Juv. i. 63.), and the tablets themselves are distinguished by the number of leaves they contained; as cerae duplices, a tablet with two slabs only, like the bottom figure on the left-hand of the engraving; cerae triplices (Mart. Ep. xiv. 6.), a tablet containing three leaves, one between the two outsides, like the top figure in the engraving (Cera/2.1); cerae quintuplices (Mart. Ep. xiv. 4.), one with five leaves, or three centre ones and two outsides, like the right-hand figure at the bottom of the wood-cut, all of which examples are copied from paintings at Pompeii. When the singular number is used, as prima, secunda, extrema cera (Hor. Sat. ii. 5. 53. Cic. Verr. ii. 1. 36. Suet. Jul. 83.), it indicates the first, second, or last page of the tablets.
* Cera/1.1
* Cera/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceraula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERAU'LA (κεραύλης). Properly a Greek word Latinized, and corresponding with the Roman CORNICEN. Apul. Met. p. 171. Ceraula doctissimus, qui cornu canens adambulabat.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cerberus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CER'BERUS (Κέρβερος). The dog which kept watch at the entrance to the nether world; a monster fabled to have sprung from Typhaon and Echidna, and to have been dragged upon earth by Hercules as the last and most difficult of his twelve labours. In reality Cerberus was a dog belonging to the king of the Molossians, whose country produced the finest breed of dogs known to the ancients, and which are believed to be represented by the marble statues now preserved in the Vatican, exhibiting two dogs of very powerful frames, with long hair upon the neck and shoulders like the mane of a lion. The poets metamorphosed these hairs into snakes (Hor. Od. ii. 85.), and, to increase the horror, some gave the animal a hundred heads (Hor. Od. ii. 34.), others fifty (Hesiod. Theogn. 312., though in verse 771. he has but one), and others limited the number to three (Soph. Trachin. 1109.), the centre one being that of a lion, with the head of a wolf on one side, and of an ordinary dog on the other (Macrob. Sat. i. 20.). This is the usual type under which he is mostly portrayed by the painters and sculptors of antiquity (Mus. Pio-Clem. tom. ii. tav. 1. Bartoli, Lucerne, part 2. tav. 7. Cod. Vat. &c.); though examples are not wanting in which the fabulous is made subordinate to the real character of the monster, as in a group of Hercules and Cerberus in the Vatican (Mus. Pio-Clem. ii. 8.), where the leonine head and mane of the Molossian dog is strongly marked, and made to predominate entirely over the other two, which are executed upon a much smaller scale, and, as it were, rather indicated than developed.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cercurus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERCU'RUS (κέρκουρος or κερκοῦρος). An open vessel, invented by the Cyprians, propelled by oars, fast in its movement and used for the transport of merchandize, as well as in warfare. (Liv. xxxiii. 19. Lucil. Sat. viii. 3 ed. Gerlach. Plaut. Merc. i. 1. 86. Plin. H. N. vii. 57. Herod. vii. 97.) Its characteristic properties are nowhere described; but Scheffer (Mil. Nav. ii. 2. p. 75.) is of opinion that the oarage, instead of running the whole length of the vessel, only ranged from the prow to about midship, so that the after part would serve as a hold for the freight in the manner represented by the annexed illustration (Cercurus/1.1), copied by Panvinus (de Lud. Circen. ii. 11.) from a bronze medal, which, if that notion be correct, will afford a model of the vessel in question.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cerdo

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERDO. A workman of inferior description, or who belonged to the lowest class of operatives (Juv. iv. 153. Pers. iv. 51.): the particular trade which he practised is likewise designated by the addition of another substantive as sutor cerdo (Mart. Ep. iii. 59.), a cobbler; cerdo faber (Inscript. ap. Spon. Miscell. Erudit. Antiq. p. 221.), a journeyman smith; and so on for other trades.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cereus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CE'REUS. A wax candle, made with the pith of a rush coated with wax; also a torch made of the fibres of papyrus twisted together, and covered with wax. Cic. Off. iii. 20. Plaut. Curc. i. 1. 9. Val. Max. iii. 6. 4. and CANDELA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceriolare

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERIOLA'RE. A stand or holder for wax-candles and torches, similar to the example engraved at p. 107 (s. CANDELABRUM, 1.); but utensils of this description were also made in a variety of fanciful forms and patterns according to the taste of the artist who designed them, for one is mentioned in an inscription (ap. Grut. 175. 4.) of bronze, with the figure of Cupid holding a calathus. Compare Inscript. ap. Maffei, Mus. Veron. p. 83.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cernuus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CER'NUUS (κυβιστητήρ). Literally, with the face turned down towards the ground; hence a tumbler, or one who entertains the public by feasts of jumping, throwing summersets in the air, falling head over heels, walking with his face downwards, and other similar exhibitions, such as we still see practised in our streets and fairs. (Lucil. Sat. iii. 20. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. x. 894.) The illustration (Cernuus/1.1) represents one of these tumblers, from the collection in the Collegio Romano. (Caylus, iii. 74.)
2. Amongst the Greeks feats of this nature were frequently exhibited by females, who were introduced with the dancing and singing girls, to amuse the guests at an entertainment, and whose skill and suppleness of body were really extraordinary. One of their favourite exhibitions consisted in making a summerset backwards, between a number of swords or knives stuck in the ground, at small intervals from one another, with their points upwards, as represented in the following illustration (Cernuus/2.1), from a Greek fictile vase; to perform this feast was termed ξίφη or εἰς μαχαίρας κυβιστᾶν. Plat. Symp. p. 190. A. Xen. Symp. ii. 11.
* Cernuus/1.1
* Cernuus/2.1