OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Columnarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COLUMNA'RIUS. A worthless fellow, or, perhaps, an insolvent debtor; i. e. literally one who had been summoned to receive punishment at the columna Maenia. Cael. ad Cic. Fam. viii. 9.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Colum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CO'LUM (ἠθμός). A colander, or strainer made of basket-work, bullrushes, bast, or osiers (Cato, R. R. xi. 2. Columell. xi. 2. 70. Id. xii. 19. 4.), and in the form of an inverted cone, through which new made wine and oil (Columell. xii. 38. 7. Scrib. Comp. 156.), was passed after it had been squeezed out by the press beam. (Virg. Georg. ii. 242.) The example (Colum/1.1) introduced is from a Roman bas-relief, representing various processes connected with the vintage.
2. Colum nivarium. A wine strainer made of metal, for cooling, diluting, and mixing the wine with snow at table. (Mart. Ep. xiv. 103.) It was used in the following manner. A lump of frozen snow being deposited in the strainer, and the strainer being placed upon the drinking cup, the wine was then poured upon the snow, with which it mixed itself, and filtered into the cup, through the perforations of the strainer, free from any sediment or impurities. The example (Colum/2.1) represents an original of bronze discovered in Pompeii.
3. A basket for catching fish, like an eel or prawn basket; so termed, because when taken up, the water drains out of it, leaving the fish at the bottom, like the dregs in a strainer. Auson. Ep. iv. 57. Compare NASSA.
* Colum/1.1
* Colum/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coluria

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COLU'RIA. Circular segments of stone placed one on the top of the other to form a column, when the column is made of different pieces instead of one entire block of marble. Sidon. Ep. ii. 2; but the reading is not certain.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Colus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COLUS (ἠλακάτη). A distaff; commonly made out of a cane stick about a yard in length, slit at the top in such a manner that it would open, and form a sort of basket for containing the mass of wool or flax intended to be spun into threads, as represented by the right-hand figure in the annexed wood-cut (Colus/1.1), which is copied from an Egyptian original in the British Museum. The ring which surrounds it is intended to be put over the wool, as a sort of cap, which keeps the whole mass together. The peasantry of Italy make their distaffs of precisely the same form and materials at the present day. When the distaff was filled with wool, it was designated by such epithets as compta (Plin. H. N. viii. 74.), plena (Tibull. i. 3. 86.), or lana amicta (Catull. 64. 312.), and is shown by the left-hand figure, from a bas-relief on the Forum of Nerva at Rome, which represents a female with the distaff in her left hand, the drawn thread (stamen) depending from it, and in the act of twisting the spindle (fusus) with the fingers of her right hand. Compare also the article NEO, in which the manner both of spinning, and of using these implements, is more fully detailed.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Colymbus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COLYMB'US (κόλυμβος). In the Gloss of Isidorus, a tank (lacus) wherein clothes were washed; hence, a swimming or plunging bath. Lamprid. Hel. 23. Prudent. Περὶ στεφ. 12.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comatorius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMATO'RIUS. See ACUS, 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMA'TUS (κομήτης). In a general sense, one who is possessed of a head of long thick hair, which is allowed to luxuriate in its natural growth (Mart. xii. 70. Suet. Cal. 35.); but the word is also specially used to characterize the Germans (Tertull. Virg. Veland. 10.) and the people of Transalpine Gaul, including Belgica, Celtica, and Aquitanica, all of which were comprised under the name of Gallia Comata (Mela, iii. 2. Plin. iv. 31. Lucan. i. 443.), in consequence of the profusion and abundance of their hair, and the manner in which it was arranged, uniformly represented by the Roman artists like the example (Comatus/1.1) here annexed, which is copied from a sarcophagus discovered in the Villa Amendola, near Rome, and covered with bas-reliefs giving the details of a combat between the Romans and Gauls.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coma

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMA (κόμη). The hair of the head; nearly synonymous with CAESARIES, but mostly with an implied sense of length and profusion; i. e. a fine head of long thick hair; whence we find the word applied to the mane of animals (Pallad. iv. 13. 2. Aul. Gell. v. 14. 2.); to the horse hair on the crest of a helmet (Stat. Theb. viii. 389. and CRISTA); and often connected with such epithets as intonsa (Cic. Tusc. iii. 26.), demissa (Prop. ii. 24. 52.), and the like.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMES (ἀκόλουθος). A companion or associate, generally; but more specially an attendant, or tutor, who accompanied his pupil to and from school, in his walks, &c. Suet. Aug. 98. Tib. 12. Claud. 35.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comissatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMISSA'TIO (κῶμος, συμπόσιον). A revelling, feasting, or drinking bout, commencing after the coena, and often protracted to a late hour of the night. (Varro, L. L. vii. 89. Liv. xl 13. Cic. Cael. 15. Suet. Tit. 7.) Greek scenes of this nature are frequently represented on fictile vases. (Mus. Borb. v. 51. Millin. Vas. Ant. ii. 58. Tischbein. ii. 55. Wink. Mon. Ined. 200.), in which the lateness of the hour is indicated by the introduction of candelabra, the festivity by the presence of Comus and winged genii, and the debauchery by the mixed company of courtesans, dancing, playing, and singing girls.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comissator

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMISSA'TOR (κωμαστής, συμπότης). A reveller, who forms one of the company at a comissatio, or wine party. (Liv. xl. 9. Cic. Cael. 28.) It was not always usual for the comissator to dine (coenare) with his host; but he was often invited to come in and take his wine with the company after he had dined elsewhere; as Habinnas comes from the coena of Scissa to the commissatio of Trimalchio — Habinnas comissator intravit. Pet Sat. 65. 3. Compare Liv. xl. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Comitium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMIT'IUM. An enclosed place abutting on the Roman Forum, and near the Curia, where the Comitia Centuriata were held and causes tried. (Varro, L. L. v. 155.) It was originally uncovered, in consequence of which the assemblies were often obliged to be dissolved when the weather was bad; but was roofed in, to obviate this inconvenience, during the second Punic war. (Liv. xxvii. 36.) Some lofty walls, still remaining under the Palatine hill, are supposed to be vestiges of this building.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Commentaculum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMMENTAC'ULUM or COMMOTAC'ULUM. A wand which the Roman priesthood carried in their sacrificial processions, wherewith to clear the way, and prevent the populace from closing too near upon them. Festus. s. v.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Compeditus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMPEDI'TUS. Having fetters or shackles upon the feet; but the word more especially designates a slave who always wore, and worked in, fetters (Seneca, Tranq. c. 10. Plaut. Capt. v. i. 23. Cato, R. R. 56. Compare Ovid. Pont. i. 6. 31.), like the galley-slaves of modern Italy, whose chains are made precisely like those worn by the figure in the illustration (Compeditus/1.1), from an engraved gem, which represents Saturn in fetters; an adjunct frequently given by the Romans to the statues of this deity, but from which they were removed during his festival in the month of September (Stat. Sylv. i. 6. 4.), when a temporary liberty was also allowed to the slaves in allusion to the happy condition which mankind were supposed to have enjoyed under his reign.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Compes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMPES (πέδη). A fetter, or shackle for the feet; as shown by the preceding wood-cut, and the illustration s. CATULUS.
2. A ring of silver or gold, worn by women round the bottom of the leg, just above the ankle, in the same manner as a bracelet is round the wrist (Plin. H. N. xxxiii. 54. Compare xxxiii. 12. Pet. Sat. 67. 7.), as shown by the annexed engraving (Compes/2.1), from a Pompeian painting of Ariadne. Ornaments of this nature were confined to females of the plebeian classes at Rome, to courtesans, dancing girls, and characters of that description, who went with bare feet, and partially exposed their legs; which would otherwise have been entirely concealed under the long and training drapery of the Roman ladies and matrons. For a similar reason, they are never represented in the Pompeian paintings on figures who wear shoes, but only when the foot and ankle is uncovered; but when Petronius, in the passage cited, places them on the legs of Fortuna above her shoes, it is to ridicule the vulgar ostentation of wealth in the wife of the parvenu by the adoption of an unusual custom.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Compitum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COM'PITUM. A place where two or more roads meet; more especially with reference to the country (Virg. Georg. ii. 382.), in contradistinction from trivium, which applies more to the streets of a town. (Cic. Agr. i. 3.) It was customary to erect altars, shrines, and small temples on these spots, at which religious rites in honour of the Lares Compitales, the deities who presided over cross-roads, were performed by the country people (Prop. iv. 3. 54.); whence the word compitum is sometimes used for a shrine erected on such a spot. (Grat. Cyneg. 483. Pers. iv. 28.) All these particulars are elucidated by the illustration (Compitum/1.1), from a landscape painting at Pompeii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Compluvium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COMPLU'VIUM. A large square opening in the centre of the roof which covered the four sides of an Atrium in Roman houses, and towards which these sides converged for the purpose of carrying down the rain into a reservoir (impluvium) in the floor immediately under it; as is clearly shown by the illustration (Compluvium/1.1), representing the interior of a Pompeian Atrium restored. (Varro, L. L. v. 161. Festus, s. Impluvium. Vitruv. vi. 3. 6.) In a passage of Suetonius (Aug. 92.), the whole of the open space, or area surrounded by the colonnade, is designated the compluvium.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concaedes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONCAE'DES. A barricade made of trees cut down and placed across a road to impede the approach or pursuit of a hostile force. (Tac. Ann. i. 50. Vet. Mil. iii. 22.) On the columns of Trajan and Antonine the Roman, as well as barbarian, soldiers are frequently represented in the act of felling trees for this and similar purposes.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concha

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CON'CHA (κόγχη). Strictly, a shell-fish, such as the muscle, pearl oyster, or murex; and, as various household utensils were made out of the shells of these fish, or in imitation of them, the name is commonly given to such objects; as to a salt-cellar (Hor. Sat. i. 3. 14.); a drinking cup (Juv. vi. 303.); a vase for unguents. Hor. Od. ii. 7. 22. Juv. vi. 419.
2. The conch, or Triton's shell, which they are frequently represented by poets and artists as blowing in place of a trumpet (Plin. H. N. ix. 4. Lucan, ix. 394.), in which cases the shell more closely resembles the bucina, as shown by the annexed engraving (Concha/2.1) from a terra-cotta lamp.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Conciliabulum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONCILIAB'ULUM. In a general sense, any place of public resort; but more especially a rendezvous where the country people were in the habit of meeting together at stated intervals, for the purpose of transacting business, holding markets, and settling disputes, thus answering very nearly to our market and assize-towns, and places where fairs are appointed to be held. Festus s. v. Liv. vii. 15. Id. xxxiv. 1. and 56. Id. xl. 37.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Conclave

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONCLA'VE. A general name, applied indiscriminately to any room or apartment in a house which is not a public passage room, but might be locked with a key, whether a dining-room, bed-room, &c. Festus, s. v. Ter. Eun. iii. 5. 35. Id. Heaut. v. 1. 29. Cic. Rosc. Am. 23. Id. Or. ii. 86. Vitruv. vi. 3. 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concrepo

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CON'CREPO. See CREPITUS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concubinatus

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CONCUBINA'TUS. Properly, an alliance between two persons of different sexes, in the nature of a marriage, which was not looked upon as immoral or degrading amongst the Romans, so long as each party remained single, though it had none of the legimitate consequences of a proper marriage attached to it. It usually occurred between persons of unequal rank or condition, but who still wished to live together, as between a senator and freed-woman; and, in effect, very closely resembled the so called morganatic marriages of crowned heads or princes with persons of inferior rank, which, by the laws of some countries, may be impolitic or illegal, but not immoral. Becker, Gallus. Ulp. Dig. 25. 7. 1. Ib. 48. 5. 13.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concubina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONCUBI'NA. A female who had contracted the peculiar sort of alliance termed concubinatus. Cic. Or. i. 40. Dig. 25. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Concubinus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONCUBI'NUS. A man who contracts the alliance termed concubinatus with a female. Catull. 61. 130. Quint. i. 2. 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Condalium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONDA'LIUM. A ring worn on the first joint (condylus, κόνδυλος) of the fore-finger. (Festus s. Condylus. Plaut. Trin. i. 3. 7. and 15.) The commentators and lexicographers infer from the passage of Plautus (l. c.) that rings of this description were peculiar to the slave class; but it does not appear that the condalium, which Stasimus loses in the play, was his own; it might surely have been his master's; and the one in our engraving (Condalium/1.1) is on the right hand of a female in a bronze statue discovered at Herculaneum. There are, however, two statues in the Vatican (Visconti, Mus. Pio Clem. iii. 28. and 29.), both representing comic actors (one of them certainly a slave), who wear similar rings on the same joint of the fore-finger, but on the left hand.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Conditivum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONDITI'VUM. Seneca, Ep. vi. Same as CONDITORIUM.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Condus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONDUS, or Promus Condus. See PROMUS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Condylus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CON'DYLUS. Same as CONDALIUM. Festus, s. v.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Confarreatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONFARREA'TIO. One of the three forms of contracting marriage in use amongst the Romans; believed to have been the most ancient, as it was the most solemn form, for it partook of the nature of a religious ceremony, whereas the other two were merely civil contracts. It was solemnised in the presence of ten witnesses, the high priest, and Flamen Dialis; was accompanied by prayers, and the sacrifice of a sheep, the skin of which was spread over the chairs on which the bride and bridegroom sat. The name obtained from a custom belonging to it of carrying a flour cake (far) before the bride as she returned from the wedding. (Arnob. iv. 140. Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 31. Aen. iv. 374. Plin. H. N. xviii. 3.) An ancient marble, representing this ceremony, is engraved and described by Bartoli (Admirand. pl. 58.), and by Lumisden (Antiquities of Rome, appendix iii.); but the figures are too numerous, and the details too minute, to bear a reduction adapted to these pages.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Confarreatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CONFARREA'TUS. One who is married by the ceremony of confarreatio. Tac. Ann. iv. 16.