OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tiara

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIA'RA or -AS (τιάρα or -ας). The tiara; a cap or fez, which formed the national head-covering of the Parthians, Armenians, Persians, and inhabitants generally of the north western districts of Asia. It consisted of a small skull-cap, made of cotton, and without stiffening, which was placed on the top of the head, so as to leave the front hair over the forehead uncovered, and kept from falling off by a narrow band tied round the occiput (Hieron. Ep. 64. n. 12. Val. Flacc. vi. 700.), precisely as shown by the annexed example (Tiara/1.1), from a bas-relief of Persepolitan sculpture.
2. Tiara recta. An upright tiara, the use of which was confined to kings only of those nations mentioned in the last paragraph (Senec. Ben. vi. 31.); and which, instead of being soft and flexible, like that worn by the other classes, was stiffened, so as to stand up like the crown of a hat, above the head, as exhibited by the annexed example (Tiara/2.1), representing Tigranes, king of Armenia, from a Syrian medal. In the Persian language, it was called cidaris.
3. Tiara Phrygia. The Phrygian tiara (Juv. vi. 516. Virg. Aen. vii. 254.); a term used by the Roman poets, instead of mitra, to designate the long flexible cap, or Phrygian bonnet, as we call it, which was tied under the chin by lappets (redimicula) covering the sides of the cheeks (Juv. l. c.) as in the annexed example (Tiara/3.1), from a Pompeian painting, representing Paris, the Phrygian shepherd.
* Tiara/1.1
* Tiara/2.1
* Tiara/3.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tibiale

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIBIA'LE (περικνημίς). A leggin or long gaiter, which went round the shin (tibia) from the knee to the ankle; not commonly worn by the Romans, but occasionally adopted under the Empire by persons of delicate constitution like Augustus (Suet. Aug. 82.); or by those whose employments rendered such protection advantageous, such as soldiers (Paul. Dig. 49. 16. 14.); or by huntsmen, for which usage the illustration (Tibiale/1.1) affords an authority, being worn by a horseman in a Roman bas-relief, at a hunt of wild beasts.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tibicen

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIBI'CEN (αὐλητής). A musician who plays on the pipes (tibiae). The pipers formed a corporation at Rome (Inscript. ap. Grut. 175. 10. Val. Max. ii. 5. 4.), where they were held in estimation (Ov. Fast. vi. 6. 57.), and extensively employed in religious festivals and solemnities (Ov. l. c. Cic. Agr. ii. 34. Plin. H. N. xxviii. 3.), at funerals (Id. x. 60.), and on the stage. (Hor. A. P. 215.) The illustration (Tibicen/1.1), from a painting at Pompeii, represents a piper at the theatre, sitting upon the raised altar (thymele) in the orchestra, beating time with his left foot, and draped in the long vest, as described by Horace (l. c.).
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tibicina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIBI'CINA (αὐλητρίς). A female player on the pipes (tibiae), as represented by the annexed figure (Tibicina/1.1) from a painting of Herculaneum. (Mart. xiv. 64.) These were generally girls who went about playing for hire at dinner parties and festive entertainments. Plaut. Aul. ii. 4. 2. Most. iv. 3. 2. Stich. ii. 3. 56.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tigillum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIGILLUM. Diminutive of TIGNUM.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tignarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIGNA'RIUS sc. faber. A timber worker; meaning strictly one who hews and puts together the timbers and beams (tigna) of a roof (Cic. Brut. 73.); this constituted a trade by itself amongst the Romans, whose members were associated in a distinct corporation. (Inscript. ap. Grut. 360. 2.) But in the language of the law books the term was applied in a more general signification, like our builder, and included all those who were engaged in any description of building operations. Cajus. Dig. 50. 16. 235.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tignum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIGNUM. Generally, a beam or timber for building; but the term is more specially used to designate the tiebeams in the timber work of a roof (Vitruv. iv. 2. 1.); which are placed across the architrave or main beam (trabs); as shown by the plan s. MATERIATIO, on which they are marked ddddd. These form the principal beams of the soffit in the interior of a building; and in stone edifices of the Doric order, their extremities are represented externally by the triglyphs; but in Ionic and Corinthian elevations, they are not accounted for externally, being entirely concealed by the slabs of the continuous frieze (zophorus) which covers them.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TINA. A vessel in which wine was brought into the eating-room in early times. (Varro, ap. Non. s. v. p. 544.) Nothing is known respecting its peculiar properties; but we may infer that it was of considerable size, since Varro speaks of it as a substitute for the skin (uter); and Nonius associates it with the cask (cupa). The modern Italians retain the word in nearly its old form, il tino, and use it designate the vat in which grapes are trod out at the vintage.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tintinnabulatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TINTINNABULA'TUS. Carrying a bell, especially with reference to animals (Sidon. Ep. ii. 2.), round whose necks they were attached amongst the ancients for the same purposes as amongst ourselves. The example (Tintinnabulatus/1.1) is from a small bronze cast.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tintinnabulum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TINTINNA'BULUM (κώδων). A bell (Plaut. Trin. iv. 2. 162.); made in similar shapes, and used for much the same purposes as at the present day; viz., at the door of a house (Suet. Aug. 91. Compare Sen. Ira. iii. 35.), for calling the servants; at the baths, to give notice when the water was ready (Mart. xiv. 163.); at the sacrifice (Plaut. Pseud. i. 3. 112.); and for fastening round the necks of animals, both as an object of ornament and use. The illustration (Tintinnabulum/1.1) represents five bells of different forms from ancient originals; the two on the left side at the top are common sheep-bells; the two below them, attached to a flat band, were used for a horse's breast-belt; the other two are hand-bells of a larger description.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tintinnaculus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TINTINNA'CULUS. One who makes another's ears tingle (Plaut. Truc. iv. 3. 8.); a nickname given to the LORARIUS, in allusion to the effect produced by the blows dealt upon the slave whom he punished.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Titulus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TIT'ULUS. A placard or board attached to a long pole, and carried by the soldiery in triumphal processions, to record the number of prisoners, amount of booty, and names of the towns or countries captured; all which details were inscribed upon it in large characters, for the information of the populace. (Ov. Trist. iv. 2. 20.) The illustration (Titulus/1.1) represents one of the boards carried at the triumph of the Emperor Titus, after the conquest of Jerusalem, from the arch erected in commemoration of that event.
2. The title or lettering-piece of a book (Plin. Ep. v. 13. 3. Senec. Tranq. 9.) Same as INDEX, under which term the object is explained and illustrated.
3. A notice or bill put up against a house to announce that it was to be let or sold (Plin. Ep. vii. 27. 7.); hence the expression mittere lares sub titulo (Ov. Rem. 302. Compare Tibull. ii. 4. 54.) means to advertise a house for sale. The notice of sale declared the price and particulars (Plin. l. c.); the form for letting was comprised in the words EST LOCANDA, which is commonly retained at the present day in modern Rome.
4. An epitaph (Plin. Ep. vi. 10. 3.); and any kind of inscription upon monuments, buildings, vessels, &.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Togatarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOGATA'RIUS. An actor in a play representing events of Roman life, who consequently wore the toga, or national costume. Suet. Aug. 45.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Togata

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOGA'TA. Literally, a woman clothed with the toga; for in early times the Roman females wore the toga as well as the men (Varro, de Vit. P. R. ap. Non. s. v. p. 541.), as those of Greece also wore the pallium. But when the stola had been adopted as the distinguishing dress of the Roman matrons, the use of the toga amongst females was confined to women of pleasure (meretrices), or to wives who had been divorced on the ground of adultery (Mart. ii. 39. Juv. ii. 70.); whence the term togata came to have the more usual signification of a prostitute (Hor. Sat. i. 2. 63.), or an adulteress (Mart. vi. 64.).
2. Togata fabula. A play in which the incidents and characters were selected from Roman life, and consequently represented by actors in the toga or national costume. Cic. Sext. 55. Sen. Ep.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Togatulus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOGA'TULUS. Diminutive of TOGATUS; and indicative of a very poor or humble person, who wore a coarse, shabby, or scanty toga (togula). Mart. x. 74.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Togatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOGA'TUS. In a general sense, wearing the toga as described and illustrated under that word; but as that article of attire formed the distinguishing portion of the national costume, the word is often used in the special sense of a Roman, as opposed to palliatus, a Greek, whose national costume was the pallium. (Virg. Aen. i. 286. Cic. Rosc. Am. 46. Id. Phil. v. 5. Suet. Claud. 15.) And as the toga was a civic costume, for which the sagum or the paludamentum was substituted in times of war, or during active service in the army, the term is often applied specially, to designate a civilian, as contradistinguished from a military man. (Cic. Sull. 30. Id. Or. i. 24.) Also, as the toga completed what we should call the full-dress costume of the people, which the lower classes only put on upon holidays, but laid aside when engaged in working, the term togatus is opposed to tunicatus, and implies that the person so described does not belong to the working classes (Juv. iii. 127. i. 96. vii. 142.), which constitutes the biting satire in the passages just cited.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Togula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOG'ULA. Diminutive of TOGA; the diminutive sometimes denoting fineness of texture, and consequently increased value, as in Cicero (Att. i. 18.), where it is applied to the toga picta; at others, inferiority of size or material, as in Cic. Pis. 23. Mart. ix. 101., and consequently conveying a sentiment of depreciation.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tolleno

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOLLE'NO (κήλων, -ώνειον). A swipe; a very simple machine for raising water from a well, still commonly used in many parts of Europe. It consists of a long pole, with a bucket and rope at one of its ends, and a weight at the other, poised at the centre of gravity across a strong upright; or, when of very great length, as in the annexed example (Tolleno/1.1), working on a permanent structure made for the purpose. (Festus, s. v. Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. s. RECIPROCARE. Plin. H. N. xix. 20.) The illustration is from a Pompeian painting, which represents an Egyptian landscape. It shows the well, with the bucket (situla) suspended over it; the beam is worked by two men, and has precisely the bent form described by Martial, ix. 19. antlia curva.
2. A machine of similar construction, used in military and naval operations for raising up a body of men to a level with the enemy's ramparts, &c. Liv. xxiv. 34. xxxviii. 5. Veg. Mil. iv. 21.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tomacina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOMA'CINA (τεμάχιον). (Varro, R. R. ii. 4. 10.) Same as TOMACULUM.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tomaculum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOMA'CULUM. A minced meat pudding, or sort of sausage, made of the internal parts of a pig (Juv. x. 355.), or other animals, the brains, liver, &c., dressed upoon the gridiron, and eaten hot (Pet. Sat. 31. 11.); whence carried about the streets for sale in small tin ovens. (Mart. i. 42. 9.).
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tomentum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOMEN'TUM (κνέφαλλον). A flock of wool torn off in fulling cloth, and employed as wadding for stuffing cushions, bolsters, mattresses, &c.; whence the word came to designate the stuffing itself, even without reference to the materials of which it was composed, whether wool, feathers, straw, chopped sedge, or tow, all of which were employed. Plin. H. N. viii. 73. Mart. xiv. 159, 160, 161, 162. Senec. V. B. 25. Suet. Tib. 54.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tomix

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TO'MIX or THO'MIX (θῶμιξ). A rope made of tow, rush, or the fibrous parts of the Spanish broom. Vitruv. vii. 3. 2. Columell. xii. 32.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonsa

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSA. An oar; a term employed by the poets, and mostly in the plural number. Ennius ap. Fest. s. v. Virg. Lucan. Sil. Ital.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonsilla

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSILLA. A boat-pick; a wooden pole sharpened at the end and shod with iron, which was stuck into the ground in order to fasten the boat to the shore, or to bring it up in shallow water. Verrius, Pacuvius, and Accius ap. Fest. s. v.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonsor

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TON'SOR (κουρεύς). A barber; whose occupation amongst the Romans consisted in cutting the hair, shaving the beard, paring the nails, and pulling out stray hairs with the tweezers (volsellae). Mart. viii. 47. Plaut. Aul. ii. 4. 33. Wealthy persons kept a barber in their own houses amongst their slaves; but the people at large had recourse to the barber's shop (tonstrina); for the Roman rarely shaved himself, at least after the year U.C. 454, when the first barber was introduced from Sicily; and previously to that period the hair and beard was worn long. Plin. H. N. vii. 59.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonstricula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSTRI'CULA. Cic. Tusc. v. 20. Diminutive of TONSTRIX.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonstrina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSTRI'NA (κουρεῖον). A barber's shop (Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 47.); a favorite place of resort both amongst the Greeks and Romans, where the customers congregated to gossip over the news of the day. Plaut. Ep. ii. 2. 16. Id. As. ii. 2. 76.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonstrix

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSTRIX (κουρεύτρια). A female who practised the trade of a barber; which appears from numerous inscriptions and other passages, not to have been an uncommon employment for women amongst the ancients. Plaut. Truc. ii. 4. 54. iv. 2. 63. iv. 4. 3. Mart. ii. 17. Inscript. ap. Grut. ap. Fabretti.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tonsus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TONSUS (κοὑριμος). Cropped or clipped, with reference to the hair of the head or beard (Mart. vi. 64. xi. 39.); and indicating that the natural growth was merely shortened by cutting with the forfex, as contradistinguished from rasus, which means shaved close with a novacula. The Greeks wore their hair cut close in grief and mourning, both women, as represented by the annexed figure (Tonsus/1.1) of Electra from a fictile vase, and men, as exemplified by the figure of Agamemnon s. CATAGRAPHA; but the Romans let their hair and beard grow under similar circumstances, until the danger or distress had passed, when they had the superfluous length cut off; whence the expression tonsus reus (Mart. ii. 74.), applied to a criminal, is equivalent to acquitted. In other respects, the free Roman of the republican and Imperial period, wore his hair of a moderate length, not close cut, with the exception of the rural population (Mart. x. 98.), who are obliged to study convenience more than appearance: hence the term tonsus often means rustic, or countryfied, especially when applied to the slaves who waited at table (Mart. xi. 12.), because it was usual for people of fashion to have their waiters extremely well dressed, and set off with long flowing hair (wood-cuts s. ACERSECOMES and PINCERNA), though some conceited or effeminate youths, and women of easy virtue, also affected to wear a crop. Suet. Aug. 45. Nero, 44. Cic. Pis. 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Topiarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TOPIA'RIUS. A fancy gardener; a slave whose particular province it was to attend to the opus topiarium (Cic. Q. Fr. iii. 1. 2. Plin. H. N. xv. 39.), which comprised the culture and training of trees and shrubs, the decoration of arbours and bowers, and the forming of evergreens by pruning and clipping into a variety of incongruous and fanciful forms, representing birds, beasts, &c., like those so prevalent in the Dutch gardens of the last century. Cic. Par. v. 2. Plin. Ep. iii. 19. 3.