OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Occupational Epidemiology/Research tools/Ongoing projects/Risk Communication in Seafaring/Draft Protocol guide
## Title page

* Article title
* Authors
* Afiliaciones
* Contact, name, mail, afiliacion

## Abstract

100-150 palabras

##### Expected results
## Introduction Background/rationale

* Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being done

## Objectives

* State the research questions, including any prespecified hypotheses

## Methods
##### Study design

* Present key elements of study design early in the paper

##### Setting

* Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection

##### Participants

* (a) Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of participants

##### Variables

* Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect modifiers. Give diagnostic criteria, if applicable

##### Data sources/ measurement

* For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of assessment (measurement). Describe comparability of assessment methods if there is more than one group

##### Bias

* Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias

##### Study size

* Explain how the study size was arrived at
* Quantitative variables
* Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses. If applicable, describe which groupings were chosen and why

##### Statistical methods

* a) Describe all statistical methods, including those used to control for confounding
* (b) Describe any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions
* (c) Explain how missing data were addressed
* (d) If applicable, describe analytical methods taking account of sampling strategy
* (e) Describe any sensitivity analyses

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through confirming the consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

## Ethical requirements

The ethical rules for database research in Denmark and for the University of Southern Denmark are complied with. Confidentiality in handling personal information is done according to the rules set out by the Danish Data Protection Agency. There are no personal sensitive information included so approval from the Ethics Committee or written informed consent is not necessary. Data and results will be used for the public health master thesis in the University of Southern Denmark.

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

##### Chronogram

Where and when will the tasks be completed
# Occupational Epidemiology/Research tools/Ongoing projects/Risk assessment in the artisan fisheries: a comparison among low income and developed countries MScPubH Thesis/Minutes from meetings

Mail to Sharad 26 Nov 2019, I am happy to be your supervisor and i like the project. I think your next step could be to draft a Synopsis, the protocol also called. Just for a start I think it is a good idea to elaborate the definition of what we mean by risk assessment in the synopsis. We know from international setting we talk about the risk assessment based on epidemiological studies in fishery, as one important side. The epidemiology is a supplement to the daily and annual regular risk assessments done by the fishermen and the Maritime Authorities. There is a big difference how this is done in the developing countries and others compared. I will establish a specific page for you with guidelines later today and come back to you. Br Olaf
# Occupational Epidemiology/Research tools/Ongoing projects/Stress in Training on board/Draft Protocol
## Title page

* Article title
* Authors
* Afiliaciones
* Contact, name, mail, afiliacion

## Abstract

100-150 palabras

##### Expected results
## Introduction Background/rationale

* Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being done

## Objectives

* State the research questions, including any prespecified hypotheses

## Methods
##### Study design

* Present key elements of study design early in the paper

##### Setting

* Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection

##### Participants

* (a) Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of participants

##### Variables

* Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect modifiers. Give diagnostic criteria, if applicable

##### Data sources/ measurement

* For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of assessment (measurement). Describe comparability of assessment methods if there is more than one group

##### Bias

* Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias

##### Study size

* Explain how the study size was arrived at
* Quantitative variables
* Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses. If applicable, describe which groupings were chosen and why

##### Statistical methods

* a) Describe all statistical methods, including those used to control for confounding
* (b) Describe any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions
* (c) Explain how missing data were addressed
* (d) If applicable, describe analytical methods taking account of sampling strategy
* (e) Describe any sensitivity analyses

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through confirming the consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

## Ethical requirements

The ethical rules for database research in Denmark and for the University of Southern Denmark are complied with. Confidentiality in handling personal information is done according to the rules set out by the Danish Data Protection Agency. There are no personal sensitive information included so approval from the Ethics Committee or written informed consent is not necessary. Data and results will be used for the public health master thesis in the University of Southern Denmark.

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

##### Chronogram

Where and when will the tasks be completed
# Occupational Epidemiology/Research tools/Ongoing projects/Oral Health for fishermen/Draft Protocol
## Title page

* Article title
* Authors
* Afiliaciones
* Contact, name, mail, afiliacion

## Abstract

100-150 palabras

##### Expected results
## Introduction Background/rationale

* Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being done

## Objectives

* State the research questions, including any prespecified hypotheses

## Methods
##### Study design

* Present key elements of study design early in the paper

##### Setting

* Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection

##### Participants

* (a) Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of participants

##### Variables

* Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect modifiers. Give diagnostic criteria, if applicable

##### Data sources/ measurement

* For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of assessment (measurement). Describe comparability of assessment methods if there is more than one group

##### Bias

* Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias

##### Study size

* Explain how the study size was arrived at
* Quantitative variables
* Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses. If applicable, describe which groupings were chosen and why

##### Statistical methods

* a) Describe all statistical methods, including those used to control for confounding
* (b) Describe any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions
* (c) Explain how missing data were addressed
* (d) If applicable, describe analytical methods taking account of sampling strategy
* (e) Describe any sensitivity analyses

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through confirming the consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

## Ethical requirements

The ethical rules for database research in Denmark and for the University of Southern Denmark are complied with. Confidentiality in handling personal information is done according to the rules set out by the Danish Data Protection Agency. There are no personal sensitive information included so approval from the Ethics Committee or written informed consent is not necessary. Data and results will be used for the public health master thesis in the University of Southern Denmark.

## Informed consent

The participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study through consent from the beginning of the questionnaire before the start. All of information from the participants will be confidential and only used for scientific purpose.

##### Chronogram

Where and when will the tasks be completed
# Occupational Epidemiology/Research tools/Ongoing projects/Risk Communication in Seafaring
#### Project title
## Risk Communication in Seafaring
##### Investigator:

CL

##### Facilitators
#### Tasks to be done

* Create an account in Wikiversity .
* Select and complete relevant methodology courses: Theoretical Program - open here
* Draft Protocol guide
* Revision of the literature
* Collection of data
* Analysis of data
* Writing the article guideline IMRAD
* Dissemination of results

##### References

How to write medical articles
# Tibetan language/Wylie
## Consonants

The Wylie scheme transliterates the Tibetan characters as follows:
| ཀ ka [ká] | ཁ kha [kʰá] | ག ga [ɡà/kʰːà] | ང nga [ŋà] |
| ཅ ca [tɕá] | ཆ cha [tɕʰá] | ཇ ja [dʑà/tɕʰːà] | ཉ nya [ɲà] |
| ཏ ta [tá] | ཐ tha [tʰá] | ད da [dà/tʰːà] | ན na [nà] |
| པ pa [pá] | ཕ pha [pʰá] | བ ba [bà/pʰːà] | མ ma [mà] |
| ཙ tsa [tsá] | ཚ tsha [tsʰá] | ཛ dza [dzà/tsʰːà] | ཝ wa [wà] |
| ཞ zha [ʑà/ɕːà] | ཟ za [zà/sːà] | འ 'a [ɦà/ʔːà] | ཡ ya [jà] |
| ར ra [rà] | ལ la [là] | ཤ sha [ɕá] | ས sa [sá] |
| ཧ ha [há] | ཨ a [ʔá] |
The final letter of the alphabet, the null consonant ཨ, is not transliterated - its presence is unambiguously indicated by a vowel-initial syllable.
In Tibetan script, consonant clusters within a syllable may be represented either through the use of prefixed or suffixed letters, or by letters superfixed or subfixed to the root letter (forming a "stack"). The Wylie system does not normally distinguish these as in practice no ambiguity is possible under the rules of Tibetan spelling. The exception is the sequence gy-, which may be written either with a prefix g or a subfix y. In the Wylie system these are distinguished by inserting a period, . between a prefix g and initial y. E.g. གྱང "wall" is gyang, while གཡང་ "chasm" is g.yang.

## Vowels

The four vowel marks (here applied to the silent letter ཨ ) are transliterated:
| ཨི i | ཨུ u | ཨེ e | ཨོ o |
When a syllable has no explicit vowel marking, the letter a is inserted to represent the inherent vowel "a" (e.g. ཨ་ = a).

## Wylie extensions

* THDL Extended Wylie Transliteration Scheme (A project of the Tibetan and Himalayan Digital Library to adapt and expand the Wylie system for computer use.)

## Readings

* Wylie_transliteration

## Activities

* Write 500 words on the origin, benefits and challenges of Wylie
# Tight closure/Curve/Degree bound for inclusion/Strongly semistable/Fact

Suppose that $\operatorname {Syz} {\left(f_{1},\ldots ,f_{n}\right)}$ is strongly semistable.
    $R_{m}\subseteq I^{*}{\text{ for }}m\geq {\frac {\sum d_{i}}{n-1}}{\text{ and (for almost all prime numbers) }}R_{m}\cap I^{*}\subseteq I{\text{ for }}m<{\frac {\sum d_{i}}{n-1}}.$
# Tibetan language/Wiki and Wikiversity crash course

A number of tools will be placed on your Wikiversity User Pages. Use these tools. That said, there is salience and practical benefit to getting your hands into editing and learning immediately without doing the theory. Simply edit every page you come to and notice the code. Just one piece of code that has practical benefit to you. Then go back to resource view and notice what the code yields. Take notes within your weblogs. Practical tip, i find it very handy to have notebook or notepad open on my computer and copy, paste and type information in that. I then use the Alt+<<Tab>> function to cycle through applications that are open. Do this every time you log on and 5 minutes of active exploration will yield pattern recognition and build the causes of memory retention and efficient encoding. Also remember to read slowly but surely the articles on Wikiversity how-to-do's and make salient notes on your weblog page to assist all the other team members, remembering to capture and secure the links for these pages so others may more easily follow your exploration. If you are concerned or self-conscious with your spelling and grammar do not be. This is a developmental process. We all have different knowledges and abilities. We are here at Wikiversity to support each others learning, not to make value judgements. If you feel something should be on a page or in a curriculum add it! Make a note and use the edit summary to add what you have done. I have not used the edit summary as yet as it would be too cumbersome in setting up these pages but as a matter of courtesy to the team when we all start contributing I will most definitely do so.

## Activities

* Take a number of guided tours of Wikiversity!

## Creating pages in Wikiversity

You effectively created a page in Wikiversity when you created a weblog as an addendum to your Wikiversity Userpage.

## Creating categories in Wikiversity

A category is a grouping tool. Categories in Wikiversity, actually this holds true throughout all the Wikipedia ventures, is a way of associating pages that bare a common relationship or are grouped for a certain purpose.
When creating any pages in relation to our learning objective please place the following category code at the bottom of the page:
* [[Category:Tibetan language]]
# Tight closure/Arithmetic deformation/Brenner and Katzman/Section
## Example

Consider $\mathbb {Z} [x,y,z]/{\left(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}\right)}$ and take the ideal $I={\left(x^{4},y^{4},z^{4}\right)}$ and the element $f=x^{3}y^{3}$. Consider reductions $\mathbb {Z} \rightarrow \mathbb {Z} /(p)$. Then
    $f\in I^{*}{\text{ holds in }}\mathbb {Z} /(p)[x,y,z]/(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}){\text{ for }}p\equiv 3\!\!\!\mod 7$
and
    $f\not \in I^{*}{\text{ holds in }}\mathbb {Z} /(p)[x,y,z]/(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}){\text{ for }}p\equiv 2\!\!\!\mod 7.$
In particular, the bundle $\operatorname {Syz} {\left(x^{4},y^{4},z^{4}\right)}$ is semistable in the generic fiber, but not strongly semistable for any reduction $p\equiv 2\!\!\!\mod 7$. The corresponding torsor is an affine scheme for infinitely many prime reductions and not an affine scheme for infinitely many prime reductions.
In terms of affineness (or local cohomology) of quasiaffine schemes, this example has the following properties: the open subset given by the ideal
    $(x,y,z)\subseteq \mathbb {Z} /(p)[x,y,z,s_{1},s_{2},s_{3}]/{\left(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7},s_{1}x^{4}+s_{2}y^{4}+s_{3}z^{4}+x^{3}y^{3}\right)}\,$
has cohomological dimension $1$ if $p=3\mod 7$ and has cohomological dimension $0$ (equivalently, $D(x,y,z)$ is an affine scheme) if $p=2\mod 7$.
# Tight closure/Arithmetic deformation/Brenner Katzman/Example

Consider $\mathbb {Z} [x,y,z]/{\left(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}\right)}$ and take the ideal $I={\left(x^{4},y^{4},z^{4}\right)}$ and the element $f=x^{3}y^{3}$. Consider reductions $\mathbb {Z} \rightarrow \mathbb {Z} /(p)$. Then
    $f\in I^{*}{\text{ holds in }}\mathbb {Z} /(p)[x,y,z]/(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}){\text{ for }}p\equiv 3\!\!\!\mod 7$
and
    $f\not \in I^{*}{\text{ holds in }}\mathbb {Z} /(p)[x,y,z]/(x^{7}+y^{7}+z^{7}){\text{ for }}p\equiv 2\!\!\!\mod 7.$
In particular, the bundle $\operatorname {Syz} {\left(x^{4},y^{4},z^{4}\right)}$ is semistable in the generic fiber, but not strongly semistable for any reduction $p\equiv 2\!\!\!\mod 7$. The corresponding torsor is an affine scheme for infinitely many prime reductions and not an affine scheme for infinitely many prime reductions.
# Tibetan language/Translation, a practical philosophy
## Qualities of a lotsawa

* http://www.lotsawaschool.org/lotsawa_training_1.html
# Tibetan language/Unicode & Font installation
## Unicode

If accessibility and utility is valued in the computing and digital representation of Tibetan fonts, "Unicode" fonts are the benchmark. Unicode, or the Universal Character Set, is the global standard for representing humanity's scripts in digital media and computing. Unicode is thus now the standard for Tibetan computing. The great benefit of Unicode is that it may be utilized across major computing platforms such as Linux, Macintosh and Windows. The specifics of support in their operating systems, such as input methods for example, is environment specific.

### Ensuring unicode is visible in browser

Alan Wood has established an excellent tool to assist in ensuring Tibetan script is visible in your Internet browser: Alan Wood’s Unicode Resources Test for Unicode support in Web browsers Tibetan U+0F00 – U+0FFF (3840–4095)

## Tibetan fonts

* Tibetan Fonts
* The Tibetan Channel of Radio Free Asia uses Tibusrfa True Type Font: http://www.rfa.org/english/about/help/tibusrfa.ttf

## Tibetan input method

* Tibetan input method

## Tibetan UnicodeInstallation

* Tibetan UnicodeInstallation
# Zipf law powerlaw or pareto law.webm
## Learning goals

* Know how to transform a rank frequency diagram to a powerlaw plot.
* Understand how powerlaw and pareto plots relate to each other.
* Be able to explain why a pareto plot is just and inverted rank frequency diagram
* Be able to transform the zipf coefficient to the powerlaw and pareto coefficient and vice versa.
* Understand that building the CDF is basically like building the integral.

## Script

Find the slide deck at File:Zipf_law_powerlaw_or_pareto_law.pdf
# Web Science/Part2: Emerging Web Properties/Collective Intelligence

* PART1: Week1: Ethernet · Internet Protocol · Week2: Transmission Control Protocol · Domain Name System · Week3: Internet vs world wide web · HTTP · Week4: Web Content · Dynamic Web Content
* PART2: Week5: How big is the Web? · Descriptive Web Models · Week6: Advanced Statistic Models · Modelling Similarity · Week7: Generative Modelling of the Web · Graph theoretic Web Modelling
* PART3: Week8 : Investigating Meme Spreading · Herding Behaviour · Week9: Online Advertising · User Modelling
* PART4: Week10 : Copyright · Net neutrality · Week11: Internet governance · Privacy
* 9th week due Jan 10th
* The Web as a Social Machine: Collective intelligence and Human Computing
* Definition of collective intelligence
* Examples of collective intelligence
* pagerank
* Mechanisms behind collective intelligence
* "natural" distributions
* * e.g. Gaussian error for estimating size of an object
* * e.g. natural bias toward positive for evaluation of products (where do we re-find a paper for this?)
* "averaging" in some sense
* * high enough systematic error leads to optimal estimation
* independent assessment!
* Google Flu Trends and its Limits
* http://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/big-data-google-versagt-bei-grippe-vorhersagen-1.1912226
* http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v457/n7232/abs/nature07634.html
* http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6176/1203
* Models of attention
* attention models (Lehrman)
* Conclusion:
* Collective intelligence may be jeopardized by the social setup of the system
# R (programming language)/Tutorials/Loading data

This tutorial demonstrates how to load data in R.

## Note

* This stub content was copied from an import of b:R Programming/Tutorial originally to How to use R/Tutorials/Introduction.

## Direct loading

* Given the data file data.txt located at <path>:
* This data can easily be loaded into R using the following commands:

## Loading csv

This Software resource is a "stub". Learn how you can help Wikiversity to develop it.
# R^3/Standard projections/Example

For $\mathbb {R} ^{3}$, equipped with the standard basis, we consider subsets $J\subset \{1,2,3\}$ with two elements and the corresponding projections (in the sense of example) onto the coordinate planes. The projections are
    $p_{\{1,2\}}\colon \mathbb {R} ^{3}\longrightarrow \mathbb {R} ^{3},(a,b,c)\longmapsto (a,b,0),$
    $p_{\{1,3\}}\colon \mathbb {R} ^{3}\longrightarrow \mathbb {R} ^{3},(a,b,c)\longmapsto (a,0,c),$
    $p_{\{2,3\}}\colon \mathbb {R} ^{3}\longrightarrow \mathbb {R} ^{3},(a,b,c)\longmapsto (0,b,c).$
The images of some object in $\mathbb {R} ^{3}$ under these projections carry names like ground view etc.
For a subset $\{j\}\subseteq \{1,2,3\}$ with one element, the projections map to an axis.
# R (programming language)

R is a
* powerful, free and open source, cross-platform, statistical and graphing software package;
* programming language;
* software environment for statistical computing.

## Downloading R

Visit the R Project home page.

## Integrated development environments for R

R can be accessed from a command-line interface. There are a variety of graphical user interfaces that work well with R, including one that ships with it.
RStudio is a very popular integrated development environment that works well with R and other languages, as does Jupyter.
RStudio supports RMarkdown, which makes it relatively easy for researchers to make their work reproducible by allowing them to mix text with code of different languages, most commonly R, in the same document. The platform supports mixing R with Python (programming language), shell scripts, SQL, Stan (software), JavaScript, CSS, Julia (programming language), C (programming language), Fortran, and other languages in the same RMarkdown document. Jupyter notebooks provide a similar capability but may be more popular among Python users while RStudio may be more popular among people primarily using R.
Both RStudio and Jupyter are free and open-source software, but RStudio is developed and maintained by a commercial enterprise that offers paid support options.

## RStudio in the cloud

There are web-based portals for RStudio, including the following:
* RStudio Cloud As of 2020-10-24 users can "get started for free".
* RStudio Server Pro for AWS

## Tutorials

* Installation process
* Tutorials
** Tutorials/Algebra
** Tutorials/Connecting Fortran and R
** Tutorials/Introduction
** Tutorials/Linear algebra
** Tutorials/Loading data
** Tutorials/Plotting

## Books that are Helpful When Learning R

* An R Companion for Applied Regression (2nd ed.) - ISBN 141297514X
* An Introduction to R, by W. N. Venables, D. M. Smith, and the R Development Core Team (PDF)
* R in Action - ISBN 1935182390
* Efficient programming in R.
* Advanced R by Hadley Wickham