# Information Systems/Review

The following outline is based on the CLEP: Information Systems exam outline. Review the outline knowledge and skills areas to validate your understanding of information systems concepts.

## Office Applications (10%)

* Productivity software (word processing, spreadsheet, presentation package, end-user database package)
** List advantages and disadvantages of office software suites
** List typical functionality or tools included in word-processing software applications
** Use spreadsheet formulas and absolute and relative cell references
** Organize and sort data using multiple columns
* Operating systems (memory management, file management, interfaces, types of OS)
** List primary operating system functions
** Compare and contrast memory management vs. file management
** Use and manage file names and file extensions
** Compare and contrast command line interfaces and graphic user interfaces
** List operating system and application compatibility issues
** List advantages and disadvantages of running multiple operating systems
* Office systems (email, conferencing, collaborative work, document imaging, system resources)
** Compare and contrast email, conferencing, collaboration software, document imaging, and their use of system resources

## Internet and World Wide Web (15%)

* Internet and other online services and methods (World Wide Web protocols, Web search engines, Web bots, intranet, cloud computing, communications, push/pull technology, W3C)
** Compare and contrast HTTP and HTTPS
** Use web search engines
** List uses of web bots
** Compare and contrast Internet and intranet
** Compare and contrast infrastructure, platform, and software cloud services (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
** List Internet communications protocols and their purpose
** Compare and contrast push and pull technology
** List the mission and purpose of the W3C
* Web browsers (URLs, protocols, standards, history, cookies, resource allocation)
** List the purpose and format of a URL
** Compare and contrast HTTP and HTML
** List current HTML standards and browser compatibility
** Manage browser history and cookies
** Identify browser resource allocation
* Web technologies (HTML, XML, JavaScript)
** Compare and contrast HTML, XML, and JavaScript
* Website development (analysis, design, functionality, accessibility)
** Compare and contrast the steps in the web development process
** Compare and contrast website functionality and website accessibility

## Technology Applications (15%)

* Specialized systems (knowledge management, expert systems, TPS/OLTP, DSS, GIS, BI, workflow management, project management)
** Compare and contrast knowledge management, expert systems, TPS/OLTP, DSS, GIS, BI, workflow management, and project management
* E-commerce/E-business (EDI, standards, tools, characteristics, types of transactions, business models)
** List EDI standards, tools, and characteristics
** Compare and contrast types of e-commerce transactions
** Compare and contrast e-commerce business models (B2B, B2C, etc.)
* Enterprise-wide systems (ERP, CRM, SCM)
** Compare and contrast ERP, CRM, and SCM enterprise systems
* Data management (data warehousing, data mining, networking, security, validation, migration, storage, obsolescence)
** Compare and contrast data warehousing and data mining
** Compare and contrast data management issues regarding networking, security, validation, migration, storage, and obsolescence
* Business strategies (competition, process reengineering, process modeling, TQM, Web 2.0)
** List business strategies related to competition, process reengineering, process modeling, TQM, and Web 2.0
* Information processing methods (batch, real-time, transaction)
** Compare and contrast batch, real-time, and transaction processing methods

## Hardware and Systems Technology (15%)

* Devices (processing, storage, input and output, telecommunications, networking)
** Compare and contrast processing, storage, input, and output, telecommunications, and networking devices
* Functions (computer, telecommunications, network hardware)
** Compare and contrast public switched telephone networks and Voice over IP systems
* Network architectures (local area, wide area, VPN, enterprise)
** Compare and contrast LAN, WAN, VPN, and enterprise networks
* Computer architectures (mainframe, client/server, operating systems)
** Compare and contrast mainframe and client/server computer architectures
** Compare computer architectures and operating systems
* Wireless technologies (Wi-Fi, cellular, satellite, mobile, GPS, RFID)
** Compare and contrast Wi-Fi, cellular, satellite, mobile, GPS, and RFID wireless technologies

## Software Development (10%)

* Methodologies (prototyping, SDLC, RAD, CASE, JAD, Agile)
** Compare and contrast prototyping, SDLC, RAD, CASE, JAD, and Agile
* Processes (feasibility, systems analysis, systems design, end-user development, project management)
** Compare and contrast feasibility, systems analysis, systems design, end-user development, project management
** List common tools used in project management
* Implementation (testing, training, data conversion, system conversion, system maintenance, post-implementation activities, post-implementation review, documentation)
** Compare and contrast implementation activities including testing, training, data conversion, system conversion, system maintenance, post-implementation activities, post-implementation review, documentation
* Standards (proprietary, open source)
** Compare and contrast proprietary and open source software development

## Programming Concepts and Data Management (10%)

* Programming logic (Boolean, arithmetic, SQL)
** Apply programming logic (Boolean, arithmetic, and SQL)
* Methodologies (object-oriented, structured)
** Compare and contrast object-oriented and structured methodologies
* Data (concepts, types, structures, digital representation of data)
** Compare and contrast data concepts, data types, data structures, and digital representation of data
* File (types, structures)
** Compare and contrast file types and file structures
* Database management systems (relational, hierarchical, network, management strategies)
** Compare and contrast relational, hierarchical, and object-oriented database management systems

## Social and Ethical Implications and Issues (25%)

* Economic effects (secure transactions, viruses, malware, cost of security)
** List economic effects of secure transactions, viruses, malware, and the cost of security
* Privacy concerns (individual, business, identity theft)
** List privacy concerns, including individual, business, and identity theft
* Property rights (intellectual, legal, ownership of materials, open-source software)
** Compare and contrast intellectual, legal, ownership, and open-source property rights
* Effects of information technology on jobs (ergonomics, virtual teams, telecommuting, job design)
** List effects of information technology on jobs, including ergonomics, virtual teams, telecommuting, and job design
* Technology's influence on workforce strategies (globalization, virtual teams, telecommuting, outsourcing, insourcing)
** List technology’s influence on workforce strategies, including globalization, virtual teams, telecommuting, outsourcing, and insourcing
* Careers in IS (responsibilities, occupations, career path, certification)
** List IS career responsibilities, occupations, career path, and certifications
* Computer security and controls (system application, personal computer, disaster recovery)
** List computer security and controls, including system application, personal computer, and disaster recovery
* Social networking (benefits, risks, ethics, technology, Web 2.0)
** List social networking benefits, risks, ethics, technology, and Web 2.0 implications