# Wiki Resources/Wiki Analysis

Home | Learning Theories | Instructional Design & eAuthoring | ePortfolio | Storyboard | Wiki Analysis | Communication Tools | Resources Analysis | Group Work | Teaching Philosophy | Accessibility | Glossary
* swot diagram‎
* Wiki Analysis
* The main objective of this page is to facilitate a group discussion as to why we decided on a wiki as the learning resource of our choice. We will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the wiki in its role as a lifelong learning object. An important consideration in our choice of using a wiki as learning resource is the fact that it is free to everyone. Additionally we wanted to create a dynamic, evolving resource that can be added to and changed globally in keeping with technological advances and learning research. We felt that as the wiki is interactive and available to everyone it would provide an ideal solution to our requirements. Therefore it is a tool that will remain alive, being continually adjusted and updated by ourselves and more importantly by future elearning students.
* Learning Outcomes
* At the end of this chapter the learner will be able to:
* Understand why did you choose for a specific platform to build your learning object.
* Understand why did you choose a kind of learning object.
* Understand what kind of analysis you have to do to decide about your learning object.
* Understand which tools you can use to help you in your decision.
* We would appreciate if you give us your contribution in this project.
* If you have any query, suggestion or feedback, don't hesitate to contact us sending a message to our email:
* wikiresourcesgroup@gmail.com
* "Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge.
* That's what we are doing." (Jimmy Wales, 2004; Wikipedia co-founder)
* Firstly, we start our discussion introducing the ADDIE Model, as this will be an important tool for our project structure. As the initial steps evolve under the idea of Analysis, Design and Development, where we are attempting the major steps that allow us to identify the tools that will support our project. Afterwards, it is very important to implement our decisions and generate an evaluation that indicates if our project will be able to achieve our initial objective, of being a valuable resource for future students.
* Once the ADDIE model is introduced, we proceed with the Wiki Resource analysis, where two different models will be applied with the aim of clarifying our tool choice. Thus our first step is to present the PMI Analysis to continue with the SWOT discussion. These two models will help us to justify our decision of using a wiki as our main tool.
* The ADDIE Model
* The ADDIE model is a systematic instructional design model consisting of five phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Consequently, we decided start our project following the ADDIE Model five phases to help us organize ideas and the structure.
* Each step has an outcome that feeds into the next step in the sequence. As instructional designers we must follow this five phases to construct an ideal learning object. The five phases of ADDIE are as follows:
* Analysis
* During analysis, the designer identifies the learning problem, the goals and objectives, the audience’s needs, existing knowledge, and any other relevant characteristics. Analysis also considers the learning environment, any constraints, the delivery options, and the timeline for the project.
* Design
* A systematic process of specifying learning objectives. Detailed storyboards and prototypes are often made, and the look and feel, graphic design, user-interface and content is determined here.
* Development
* The actual creation (production) of the content and learning materials based on the Design phase.
* Implementation
* During implementation, the plan is put into action and a procedure for training the learner and teacher is developed. Materials are delivered or distributed to the student group. After delivery, the effectiveness of the training materials is evaluated.
* Evaluation
* This phase consists of formative and summative evaluation. Formative evaluation is present in each stage of the ADDIE process. Summative evaluation consists of tests designed for criterion-related referenced items and providing opportunities for feedback from the users. Revisions are made as necessary. Rapid prototyping (continual feedback) has sometimes been cited as as a way to improve the generic ADDIE model.
* (Strickland, 2007).
* ADDIE Model You can also read further information about ADDIE Model.
Wiki Analysis
The main objective of this section is to discuss the wiki tool starting with the PMI, and following with the SWOT model. In this page we are presenting our analysis in a table format, but we are also doing this analysis in the following page: Alternative Analysis in order to facilitate reading,so we have removed tables format and colours added to the structure that is presented in our main page.
PMI Analysis
Having decided on the topic for our eLearning resource and constructed our Storyboard, we now consider that a PMI Plus, Minus, Interesting) analysis of the tool we propose to use for the development of this resource is the next step in our project.
The PMI analysis will provide valuable information on the pros and cons of using a wiki to develop an eLearning resource.
Table 1: PMI ANALYSIS
PlusMinusInteresting
Anyone can edit, and edition is instantaneous,easy to use and learn and people located all over the world can edit.
Possible to revert back to a previous version and access to web publishing to non-technical people.
Can be used for a wide range of applications.
No licensing cost to installing an institutional wiki.
Very versatile tool, that can be adjusted and accommodated to any kind of teaching and learning.
Many possibilities to include designs, images, videos, etc.
Allows for HTML language what provides huge possibilities
(Hart, 2006)
Being an open resource does not assure the quality of content, therefore entries are not necessarily reliable.
Spontaneous thoughts, content have to be filtered to avoid prohibited material.
Anonymous entries, very difficult to verify the source (more issues with quality)
Collaborative /Cooperative Paradigm as the resource is strongly based on high levels of coordination.
Technology issues, user must be computer literate.
Organization, updating, compiling, etc. A lot of work needs to be done.
Challenges regarding structure, contents, ideas, etc. and how they should be included in the wiki.
Wikis do not show as easily when information was documented or in what order.
(Woolf, 2006).
Resource with great potential to be used in eLearning
Great flexibility and adaptability
Minimum requirements, everyone can learn how to use it very quickly
Great tool to facilitate: Creativity, Development of New Ideas, Collaboration
Controls can be implemented to prevent vandalism
Content remains alive: as technology improves, knowledge changes, new techniques appear, etc. it is possible to update the resource accordingly.
Imagination is the limit.
Ideal resource to use to connect with groups based in different countries, different cultures, etc.
This web page contain more details about PMI Analysis.
SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool that is exceedingly valuable. It involves identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. After the PMI analysis is done, it is very important to condense all the information into a SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), thus we are able to connect all the valuable information that help us to decide if the wiki is the optimal resource for our project. For more information on SWOT Analysis please see this article on What is SWOT Analysis
Table 2: SWOT ANALYSIS
Strengths
Openness and accessibility.
Facilitate to work with others
Creates knowledge and communities
Usability.
Anonymity of authorship.
Public ownership.
Cloning acceptable.
It is a free tool.
Organized by the context, by links and,
sometimes, in chronological order.
Opportunities
Motivate Collaboration
Versatile Tool
Longlife Learning
Growing and flexible resource
Comprehensive
Share knowledge, resources, experiences.
Everyone is smarter than anyone alone
Encourages learning and critical thinking
Large audience
Virtual Community
Weaknesses
Difficulties to trust content
Used to repeat work
Content is constantly changing
Not professionally edited
Need close control to prevent vandalism
Threats
Users can erase content
Vandalism
Copyright, intellectual property issues
Taken as the only source of information
Content can be spammed
Constraints to the tool
Openness (no login required)
movie logo As part of an interview by Portland State University students, Ward Cunningham answers the question: "What strengths does wiki have as a mechanism for enterprise collaboration?" :
* Conclusions
* The evaluation of pros and cons of our resource have been done (see table 1 for the PMI and table 2 for the SWOT analysis). We have discussed and analysed many options, and finally after looking at all possible tools (i.e. blogs, websites, PPT, ePortfolio, etc), our group think that the most suitable tool for our project is the Wiki. At this point we would like to bring back into scene our original question:
* Why do we use a wiki as an eLearning tool?
* In answering this question, our major concern have been how could we help and facilitate future students learning, as we think that our main goal is to pass learning and eLearning experiences to those students. Therefore, our project final objective is to act as a legacy, we also want to add an important distiction to our project: Our tool needs to keep growing and developing, so knwoledge can be expanded and transmitted. For this reason, we think that the best way to keep this instrument alive, is to allow other people to interact and contribute to it, and the best way on achieving this goal is to based our resource in a wiki platform.
* Our group sought a tool that would enable the simultaneous involvement of all elements of the group, allowing the collaborative construction of knowledge in a balanced and gradual manner. We wanted, at the same time, to avoid the division of tasks because, if applied it, would be impracticable a collective practical learning of the whole content, techniques and models used in our project. One of the advantages of using Wiki as a tool for knowledge construction is the fact that it allows this interaction to insert content and, facilitates eLearning students the opportunity to learn how to make a learning object with these features.
* Throught the PMI and SWOT analysis we have been able to identify the positives and negatives aspects of the wiki. However, we think that most of the negative aspects can be controlled, or even used as a source to improve the wiki. Thus, as a group has arrived to a consensual agreement where we identify the wiki as the best tool to act as the portal, or initial door to open discussion and generate knowledge to support the improvement of the MSc in Applied eLearning.
* References
* Clark, D. R. (2009). "Instructional System Design", from http://www.nwlink.com/~Donclark/hrd/sat.html.
* Hart, O. (2006). "Wikis in Higher Education: Pros, Cons, and How-Tos", from http://aitl.uc.edu/decemberinstitute/documents/wikis.pdf.
* Initiative, E. L. (2005). "7 Things you should know about... Wikis", from http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7004.pdf.
* Phillip, M. (2002). "Pros and Cons of Using a Wiki", from http://ssad.bowdoin.edu:8668/space/Pros+and+Cons+of+Using+a+Wiki.
* Richarson, W., (2006). "Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms. Transforming Teaching,Corwin Press. A SAGE Publications Company.
* Strickland, A. W. (2007). "ADDIE" Idaho State University College of Education, from http://ed.isu.edu/addie/.
* Woolf, B. (2006). "Wiki vs.Blog" IBM development works, from http://www-03.ibm.com/developerworks/wikis/display/woolf/Wiki+vs.+Blog.