OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Latin I/Daily routines

Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. Today we'll learn how to talk about different times of day and daily activities. Romans divided their day differently from us, but we'll focus on common expressions we can use in both ancient and modern contexts.

## New Words

| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| māne (indecl.) | morning | File:La-cls-mane.ogg | Used as noun or adverb |
| merīdiēs, -ēī (m.) | noon, midday | File:La-cls-meridies.ogg | |
| vesper, -erī (m.) | evening | File:La-cls-vesper.ogg | |
| nox, noctis (f.) | night | File:La-cls-nox.ogg | |
| hōra, -ae (f.) | hour | | |
| tempus, -oris (n.) | time | | |

## Common Activities

| Latin | English | Notes |
| surgō, surgere | get up, rise | Used with māne |
| dormiō, dormīre | sleep | 4th conjugation |
| laborō, laborāre | work | Already known |
| cēnō, cēnāre | dine, eat dinner | Already known |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Māne surgō. | I get up in the morning. | Simple statement |
| Merīdiē cibum edō. | I eat food at noon. | Time expression |
| Vesperī domum venīmus. | We come home in the evening. | -ī ending for time |
| Nocte dormiō. | I sleep at night. | Ablative of time |
| Quōtā hōrā surgis? | At what hour do you get up? | Time question |
| Sextā hōrā laborāre incipiō. | I begin to work at the sixth hour. | With infinitive |
| Tempus fugit. | Time flies. | Common saying |
| Vesperī cenāmus. | We dine in the evening. | Regular activity |
| Ante merīdiem in scholā sum. | Before noon I am in school. | Time phrase |
| Post merīdiem labōrō. | After noon I work. | Time phrase |
| Nocte stellās vidēmus. | At night we see the stars. | Time + object |
| Omnī māne aquam bibō. | Every morning I drink water. | With adjective |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
* This content is not currently on Memrise
* Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) |
Next time, we'll learn vocabulary for emotions and feelings. Until then, bonam noctem! (Good night!)
# Latin I/Everyday life

Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. This next section is some supplemental lessons on topics you may find helpful for discussing everyday life. Today we'll learn useful words for talking about transportation and movement. We'll practice using these words with verb forms we already know.

## New Words

| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| raeda, -ae (f.) | car, vehicle | File:La-cls-raeda.ogg | Also meant "chariot" in ancient times |
| nāvis, -is (f.) | ship | | |
| bīrota, -ae (f.) | bicycle | | Modern Latin, literally "two-wheeled" |
| via, -ae (f.) | road, street | | |
| statiō, -ōnis (f.) | station | File:La-cls-statio.ogg | |
| iter, itineris (n.) | journey | | Also means "route, way" |
| rota, -ae (f.) | wheel | | |

## Review Verbs

| Latin | English | Notes |
| eō, īre | go | Remember: irregular present tense |
| veniō, venīre | come | |
| ambulō, ambulāre | walk | |
| navigō, navigāre | sail | |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Raeda nova est. | The car is new. | Simple statement |
| Ad statiōnem ambulō. | I am walking to the station. | Accusative of direction |
| In viā ambulāmus. | We are walking on the street. | Ablative of place where |
| Mārcus bīrotā venit. | Marcus comes by bicycle. | Ablative of means |
| Nāvis in portū est. | The ship is in the harbor. | Location |
| Rota bīrotae fracta est. | The bicycle's wheel is broken. | Genitive of possession |
| Iter longum est. | The journey is long. | With adjective |
| Quō raedā is? | Where are you going by car? | Question word + ablative |
| Statiōnem videō. | I see the station. | Direct object |
| Per viam ambulāmus. | We walk along the road. | Preposition per + accusative |
| Nāve ad īnsulam navigāmus. | We sail to the island by ship. | Both means and direction |
| Quot raedās habētis? | How many cars do you have? | Number question |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
* This content is not currently on Memrise
* Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) |
In our next vocabulary lesson, we'll learn about weather and seasons. Until then, bonum iter! (Have a good journey!)
# Latin I/Basics 2 Lesson 1/AI prompt

Use this prompt to create your own Latin lesson with an AI agent.
   I'd like to practice Latin forms. Please act as a Latin teacher. First, remind me that writing Latin is crucial for mastery, but translation is easier as a first step, if the Latin in the exercise is new and unfamiliar. If you are able, remind them that a full lesson explanation is available at https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Latin/Basics_2_Lesson_1 - if you can't then just say that you understand that the exercise has come from Wikiversity's Latin course, and this exercise is about using sumus, estis and sunt - we are, you are and they are.
   then ask if I want:
   * Translations (Latin→English)
   * Writing Latin (English→Latin)
   Rules:
   * Present one sentence at a time, waiting for my answer before proceeding
   * 3 sentences with 'we are' (sumus) + plural noun
   * 3 with 'you are' (estis) + plural noun
   * 4 with 'they are' (sunt) + plural noun
   Use these plural nouns: girls (puellae), men (virī), women (fēminae), boys (puerī), male warriors (bellātōrēs), female warriors (bellātricēs), Klingons (Klingōnēs).
   For both directions:
   * Confirm if correct (✓/✗)
   * Explain mistakes
   * Track score/10
   * Keep responses brief
   After Translation exercises, remind student that Writing Latin is the surest path to true Roman citizenship - after all, no one ever conquered Gaul by just reading Latin! Feel free to use playful Roman-themed humor to encourage Writing Latin practice (e.g., about joining the Senate, building aqueducts, wearing togas, facing gladiators, etc.). After making a Writing choice: respond with Roman-themed humor.
   Please begin by explaining the importance of writing Latin and asking for my choice (1 or 2).
# Latin I/Basics 2 Lesson 3/AI prompts
## Prompt

Tested on chatGPT 4o, DeepSeek Deepthink R1, Claude.ai
   I'd like to practice Latin forms. Please act as a Latin teacher. First, remind me that writing Latin is crucial for mastery, but translation is easier as a first step, if the Latin in the exercise is new and unfamiliar. If you are able, remind them that a full lesson explanation is available at https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Latin/Basics_2_Lesson_3 - if you can't then just say that you understand that the exercise has come from Wikiversity's Latin course, and this exercise is about using scrībō (I write), habeō (I have) and their forms.
   then ask if I want:
   * Translations (Latin→English)
   * Writing Latin (English→Latin)
   Rules:
   * Present one sentence at a time, waiting for my answer before proceeding
   * 3 sentences with scrībō forms (I write, you write, etc.)
   * 3 with habeō forms (I have, you have, etc.)
   * 4 with mixed verb forms including legō (I read)
   * Missing macrons for long vowels in answers, should be highlighted but are not counted as an error
   * Answers that have the same meaning or may have the same meaning as the original are counted as correct
   Use these sentences from the lesson:
   * Tū librum scrībis. (You write a book.)
   * Paula librum scrībit. (Paula writes a book.)
   * Mārcus et Gāius librum scrībunt. (Marcus and Gaius write a book.)
   * Lūcia diārium habet. (Lucia has a newspaper.)
   * (Tū) librum habēs. (You have a book.)
   * Paula librum habet. (Paula has a book.)
   * Diārium legō. (I read the newspaper.)
   * Hominēs librum legunt. (The men read the book.)
   * (Nōs) librum legimus. (We read the book.)
   * Mārcus et Paula librum legunt. (Marcus and Paula read the book.)
   For both directions:
   * Confirm if correct (✓/✗)
   * Explain mistakes
   * Track score/10
   * Keep responses brief
   After Translation exercises: remind student that Writing Latin is the surest path to true Roman citizenship - encourage with one of these themes:
   * Joining the Senate (e.g., "Your translation skills would impress Cicero himself!")
   * Building aqueducts (e.g., "Time to channel your knowledge like a Roman aqueduct!")
   * Writing scrolls (e.g., "Your Latin is worthy of the Library of Alexandria!")
   * Teaching at the Academy (e.g., "Plato would have loved your conjugations!")
   * Medieval monastery life (e.g., "Your Latin is illuminating like a medieval manuscript!")
   * Renaissance scholarship (e.g., "Erasmus would approve of your Latin prose!")
   After Writing choice: respond with one of these Roman-themed encouragements:
   * "Ave! Your quill is as sharp as Tacitus's stylus!"
   * "By Jupiter's beard, you write like a true Roman citizen!"
   * "Your Latin is so good, Virgil might ask you to proofread the Aeneid!"
   * "The Sibylline Books could use a scribe like you!"
   * "Even the monks of Monte Cassino would admire your Latin penmanship!"
   * "Your Latin composition would make Bede proud!"
   Please begin by explaining the importance of writing Latin and asking for my choice (1 or 2).
# Latin I/Basics Lesson 1/AI prompt

   I'd like to practice Latin forms with "sum" (I am). Please act as a Latin teacher. First, give the user the following information
   * writing Latin is crucial for mastery, but translation is easier as a first step with new vocabulary.
   * This exercise comes from Wikiversity's Latin course, focusing on basic "sum" forms.
   * the Latin words that will be practiced and what they mean
   Then ask if I want:
   * Translations (Latin→English)
   * Writing Latin (English→Latin)
   Rules:
   * Present one sentence at a time, wait for answer
   * 4 sentences with 'sum' + noun
   * Use these nouns: puella (girl), femina (woman), puer (boy), vir/homo (man)
   * Confirm if correct (✓/✗)
   * Explain mistakes
   * Track score/10
   * Keep responses brief
   * Include variations: "Sum puella", "Puella sum", "Ego sum puella" etc.
   For both directions:
   * Accept all valid word orders
   * Provide brief feedback
   * Include demonstrative "ille/illa" where appropriate
   After Translation exercises, remind student that Writing Latin is essential for true Roman citizenship - after all, no one ever conquered Gaul by just reading Latin! Use playful Roman-themed humor to encourage Writing Latin practice.
   Please begin by explaining writing's importance and asking for choice (1 or 2).
# Latin I/Basics Lesson 2/AI prompt
## Latin Practice Template

   I'd like to practice Latin forms. Please act as a Latin teacher. Writing Latin is crucial for mastery, but translation helps with new vocabulary. This exercise comes from Wikiversity's Latin course, focusing on es, est, edit, and basic subject pronouns.

   ### Choose

   * Translations (Latin→English)
   * Writing Latin (English→Latin)

   ### Rules

   * One sentence at a time
   * Forms covered:
   ** es (you are) + noun
   ** est (he/she/it is) + noun
   ** edit (he/she eats)
   * Using: puella, puer, femina, vir, homo, malum

   ### Scoring

   * ✓/✗ per answer
   * Total /10
   * Brief corrections
   Note: Writing Latin is essential for true Roman citizenship - after all, no one ever discovered a new province by just reading!
   Please select option 1 or 2 to begin.
# Latin I/Food Lesson 3

Salvēte omnēs! If you have been following along in these weekly, Duo-style (but unofficial) Latin lessons, you’ll be ready for some more food vocabulary this week. If you need to catch up and review, there are links you may find helpful on the right.

## New Grammar

Although all our food nouns so far have been in the first 3 declensions, we have one this week that is in the 4th. It looks like a 2nd declension noun, but it’s not. We’ll wait a little before formally studying the 4th declension though.

## New Vocabulary

1st declension nouns, all feminine :
| Latin | English |
| carōta, ae | carrot |
| cervisia, ae | beer |
| farīna, ae | flour, meal |
2nd declension nouns, both neuter :
| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| acētāria, ōrum (pl.) | salad, greens dressed with vinegar | | |
| oleum, ī | oil | | |
3rd declension nouns, gender noted :
| Latin | English |
| holus, holeris (n.) | vegetable |
| pōtio, pōtiōnis (f.) | a drink, beverage |
| sāl, salis (m.) | salt |
4th declension noun :
| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| frūctus, ūs (m.) | fruit, produce | | |
adjectives :
| Latin | English |
| acidus, a, um | sour |
| salsus, a, um | salty, salted |
| vegetariānus, a, um | vegetarian |
1st conjugation verb :
| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| mandūcō (1) | eat, devour, chew | | |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English |
| Frūctum edimus. | We eat fruit. |
| Acētāria manducas. | You eat the salad. |
| Jūs est sālsum. | The soup is salty. |
| Vīnum est acidum, non bonum. | The wine is sour, not good. |
| Pōtiōnem cum amīcis meis sūmō. | I take a drink with my friends. |
| Mārcus cervisiam bibit. | Marcus drinks beer. |
| Frūctus est dulcis. | The fruit is sweet. |
| Puer carōtam mandūcat. | The boy eats a carrot. |
| Lūcia et Gāius carnem non edunt. | Lucia and Gaius do not eat meat. |
| Lūcia est vegetariāna. | Lucia is a vegetarian. |
| Holera cum sāle coquō. | I cook the vegetables with salt. |
| Est farina in pāne. | There is flour in the bread. |
| Piscem in oleo coquimus. | We cook the fish in oil. |
| Holus in aquā coquit. | She cooks the vegetable in water. |
| Sālem gustāmus. | We taste the salt. |
| In iēntāculō frūctum et pānem cum ōleō sūmō. | At breakfast I eat fruit and bread with oil. |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
| Step one | First learn the words using this lesson: Food vocabulary |
| Step two | Next try learning and writing the sentencing using this: Food Sentences |
| AI version | You can try learning and writing the sentences using our AI Prompt |
| Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) ||
We hope you are enjoying the Latin lessons. There is one more lesson with food vocabulary.
Pax vōbīscum!
# Latin I/Food Lesson 4

Salvēte omnēs!
More food vocabulary and sentences this week. There are the links to resources you may need on the right.

## New Vocabulary

1st declension nouns, all feminine :
| Latin | English | Notes |
| caepa, ae | onion | |
| caupōna, ae | restaurant, inn, tavern | Or the landlady who keeps it |
| faba, ae | bean | |
| ōlla, ae | pot, jar | |
| patina, ae | a dish, serving dish | Usually larger than a patella |
| prīma mēnsa | the main course of a Roman dinner | |
| secunda mēnsa | dessert | |
| tabula, ae | menu | Also writing tablet, list, chart, placard, etc. |
2nd declension: m. ending in –us; n. ending in –um :
| Latin | English | Notes |
| frūmentum, i | grain | Used in the plural to mean “crops” |
| garum, i | fish sauce | Also known as liquamen, a popular condiment in ancient Rome |
| pirum, i | pear | |
| thermopōlium, i | take-out restaurant, cafe, deli counter, fast food place | |
3rd declension, gender noted :
| Latin | English |
| gustātiō, gustātiōnis (f.) | appetizer |
| nux, nucis (f.) | nut |
| piper, piperis (n.) | pepper (black pepper) |
2nd declension :
| Latin | English | Notes |
| ferveō, fervēre, ferbuī | to boil | intransitive verb |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English |
| Patina ovōrum est gustātiō. | A dish of eggs is the appetizer. |
| Fabae sunt in ōllā. | Beans are in the pot. |
| Frūmentum coquō. | I cook grain. |
| Frūmenta in agrīs sunt. | The crops are in the fields. |
| Parvī puerī nucēs nōn edunt. | The little boys do not eat nuts. |
| Secunda mēnsa est patina pirōrum cum melle. | Dessert is a dish of pears with honey. |
| Garum est sālsum. | Fish sauce is salty. |
| Est piper in secundā mensā. | There is pepper in the dessert. |
| Hominēs in thermopōliō edunt. | Men are eating in the cafe. |
| Thermopōlium tabulam habet. | The cafe has a menu. |
| In tabulā sunt jūs, pānis, cafea et thea. | On the menu are soup, bread, coffee and tea. |
| Caupōna bona est in urbe. | A good restaurant is in the city. |
| Mārcus fabās cum caepīs et pipere coquit. | Marcus cooks beans with onions and pepper. |
| Ōlla fervet. | The pot is boiling. |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
| Step one | First learn the words using this lesson: Food vocabulary |
| Step two | Next try learning and writing the sentencing using this: Food Sentences |
| AI version | You can try learning and writing the sentences using our AI Prompt |
| Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) ||
You may also enjoy reading more about Roman cuisine. It is a fascinating subject. You might enjoy the food blog Pass the Garum, which offers a modern cook’s take on how to cook in the Roman way . There will probably be a further food lesson at some point in the future. But for now, we are moving on to animals next. Thank you for following along. Bonam fortūnam!
# Latin I/How are you feeling?

Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. Today we'll learn how to express feelings and emotions in Latin. These words were just as important to ancient Romans as they are to us today, appearing frequently in both everyday speech and literature.

## New Words

| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
| laetus, -a, -um | happy, joyful | | |
| tristis, -e | sad | File:La-cls-tristis.ogg | 3rd declension adjective |
| īrātus, -a, -um | angry | | |
| timidus, -a, -um | afraid, fearful | | |
| fessus, -a, -um | tired | File:La-cls-fessus.ogg | |
| contentus, -a, -um | content, satisfied | File:La-cls-contentus.ogg | |

## Emotion Verbs

| Latin | English | Notes |
| rideō, ridēre | laugh, smile | 2nd conjugation |
| fleō, flēre | cry, weep | 2nd conjugation |
| timeō, timēre | fear, be afraid | Already known |
| amō, amāre | love, like | Already known |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Laetus sum. | I am happy. | Simple state |
| Cūr tristis es? | Why are you sad? | Question |
| Pater īrātus est. | Father is angry. | With noun |
| Nōn timidus sum. | I am not afraid. | Negative |
| Fessa est quod labōrat. | She is tired because she is working. | Causal clause |
| Mārcus et Lūcia contentī sunt. | Marcus and Lucia are satisfied. | Plural agreement |
| Puer ridet. | The boy laughs/is smiling. | Simple present |
| Puella flet. | The girl is crying. | Simple present |
| Timeō tenēbrās. | I fear the darkness. | With direct object |
| Lūcia amīcōs amat. | Lucia loves her friends. | With direct object |
| Quam laetī sumus! | How happy we are! | Exclamation |
| Fessī labōrāre dēsinimus. | Tired, we stop working. | With infinitive |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
* This content is not currently on Memrise
* Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) |
Next time, we'll move on to professions and workplaces in Course 2. Until then, laetī este! (Be happy!)
# Latin I/Pronunciation Consonants
## Consonants

| Consonant | Latin example | Classical | Classical | Ecclesiastical | Ecclesiastical |
| Consonant | Latin example | Sounds like | Listen | Sounds like | Listen |
| b | barbaria | bob | Audio | bob | Audio |
| c followed by e, i, ae, oe, y | caelestis | cat | Audio | chat | Audio |
| c otherwise | cattus | cat | Audio | cat | Audio |
| d | dīrēctus | dad | Audio | dad | Audio |
| f | fānāticus | fun | Audio | fun | Audio |
| g followed by e, i, ae, oe, y | genus | gag | Audio | gerbil | Audio |
| g otherwise | gubernātor | gag | Audio | gag | Audio |
| h | herba | honey | Audio | honor | Audio |
| i at beginning of word, j | Jēsūs | yes | Audio | yes | Audio |
| k | Kalendae | keep | Audio | keep | Audio |
| l | littera | loll | Audio | loll | Audio |
| m | maximus | mom | Audio | mom | Audio |
| n | numerus | nun | Audio | nun | Audio |
| p | populus | pop | Audio | pop | Audio |
| q | quantum | quiet | Audio | quiet | Audio |
| r | religiō | roar | Audio | roar | Audio |
| s | miser | sassy | Audio | sassy | Audio |
| t followed by i and another vowel and preceded by any letter other than s, t, x | differentia | tatter | Audio | tsetse | Audio |
| t otherwise | toga | tatter | Audio | tatter | Audio |
| v | vīvārium | wow | Audio | vine | Audio |
| x in words beginning with ex followed by a vowel, h, or s | exhālō | axe | Audio | eggs | Audio |
| x otherwise | extrā | axe | Audio | axe | Audio |
| z | zōdiacus | adze | Audio | adze | Audio |

## More information

For a much fuller version of this guide, see this Wikibooks page.
# Latin I/Weather

Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. Today we'll learn words for talking about weather and seasons. Romans were very interested in weather for agriculture, sailing, and daily life, and many of these expressions are still used today.

## New Words

| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) |
| hiems, hiemis (f.) | winter | File:La-cls-hiems.ogg |
| vēr, vēris (n.) | spring | File:La-cls-ver.ogg |
| aestās, aestātis (f.) | summer | File:La-cls-aestas.ogg |
| autumnus, -ī (m.) | autumn | File:La-cls-autumnus.ogg |
| pluvia, -ae (f.) | rain | File:La-cls-pluvia.ogg |
| sōl, sōlis (m.) | sun | |
| ventus, -ī (m.) | wind | File:La-cls-ventus.ogg |
| nix, nivis (f.) | snow | File:La-cls-nix.ogg |

## Weather Expressions

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Pluit | It is raining | Impersonal verb |
| Ningit | It is snowing | Impersonal verb |
| Sōl lūcet | The sun is shining | Regular verb |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Hiems frīgida est. | Winter is cold. | Simple description |
| Vēr pulchrum est. | Spring is beautiful. | With adjective |
| Aestāte ad mare īmus. | In summer we go to the sea. | Ablative of time |
| Autumnō folia cadunt. | In autumn the leaves fall. | Ablative of time |
| Hodiē pluit. | Today it is raining. | Impersonal verb |
| Ventus forte flat. | The wind blows strongly. | With adverb |
| Nix alba est. | The snow is white. | With color |
| Sōl in caelō lūcet. | The sun shines in the sky. | Place where |
| Pluviam amō. | I love the rain. | Direct object |
| Ningit et ventus flat. | It's snowing and the wind blows. | Compound sentence |
| Magnam pluviam vidēmus. | We see heavy rain. | With adjective |
| Aestāte caelum caeruleum est. | In summer the sky is blue. | Time + description |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
* This content is not currently on Memrise
* Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) |
Next time, we'll learn about parts of the day and daily activities. Until then, valēte!