OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bilanx

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BI'LANX. With two scales. Marc. Capell. ii. 180. p. 42. See LIBRA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bilix

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BI'LIX (δίμιτος). Literally, made with two threads, or by a double set of leashes (licia), in reference to cloth woven like our "twill" or "dimity" (Virg. Aen. xii. 375.), the peculiarity of which depends upon the manner in which the threads of the warp and woof are interlaced. In a piece of common "calico", the threads cross each other at right angles, every thread of the woof (subtemen) passing alternately over and under one of the threads of the warp (stamen), for which a single set of leashes is sufficient; but in twilled fabrics a thread of the woof is passed over one, and then under two or more threads of the warp, which gives a ribbed appearance in the pattern. Thus, when the twill is formed by passing over one thread and under two, it requires two sets of leashes, and was distinguished by the epithet bilix; when over one, and under three, trilix; and so on.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bilychnis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BILYCH'NIS, sc. lucerna. A lamp furnished with two nozzles and wicks, so as to give out two separate flames. (Pet. Sat. 30. 2.), as in the example (Bilychnis/1.1), from an original of bronze.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bipalium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIPA'LIUM. A particular kind of spade, fitted with a cross-bar at a certain height above the blade, upon which the labourer pressed his foot in digging, and thus drove the blade two spits deep, or twice the depth of the common spade (pala). The usual reach of this instrument was two feet, but that could be increased or diminished, by placing the cross-bar either further from, or nearer to, the blade. (Cato, R. R. 45. 2. Varro, R. R. i. 37. 5. Columell. i. 3. 11.) The example (Bipalium/1.1) is from a sepulchral bas-relief.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bipeda

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIP'EDA. A large tile, two feet long, used for making pavements in the open air. Pallad. i. 40. 2. Id. i. 19. 1.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bipennifer

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIPEN'NIFER. Bearing, or armed with, the double-bladed axe (bipennis), a weapon especially characteristic of the Amazons, as seen in the illustration (Bipennifer/1.1), from a Greek bas-relief, but also attributed to other persons, as to the Thracian king, Lycurgus (Ov. Met. iv. 22.), and to Arcas, the son of Jupiter and Callisto. Ov. Met. viii. 391.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bipennis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIPEN'NIS (δίστομος πέλεκυς, ἀξίνη). An axe with a double edge or blade (Isidor. Orig. xix. 19. 11.); used as a chip axe (Hor. Od. iv. 4. 57.), and more commonly as a weapon of war. (Virg. Aen. v. 307. Plin. H. N. viii. 8.) See the illustration and preceding word.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Biprorus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIPRO'RUS (δίπρωρος). Having a double prow (Hygin. Fab. 168. 277.); which probably means a vessel built sharp fore and aft, like the fast-sailing "proas" of the Indian seas, so that it could sail either way without tacking or going about. Compare Tac. Ann. ii. 6.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Biremis

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BIRE'MIS (δίκωπος). Literally, furnished with a pair of oars or sculls; and thence used, both adjectively with scapha, and absolutely for a small boat rowed by one man, who handles a pair of sculls, as in the engraving (Biremis/1.1), from an ancient fresco painting. Hor. Od. iii. 29. 62. Lucan. viii. 562. Compare 565. and 611., where the same is designated parva ratis, and alnus.
2. (δίκροτος). Furnished with two banks of oars (ordines); which is the more common application, and designates a bireme or vessel of war, which has two lines of oars on each side, placed in a diagonal position one above the other, as in the example (Biremis/2.1), from a marble bas-relief of the Villa Albani, each oar being worked by a single rower. (Plin. H. N. vii. 57. Caes. B. C. iii. 40. Tac. Hist. v. 23.) That such was the arrangement adopted in the construction of a bireme, is sufficiently evident from the figure in the cut; by the sculptures on Trajan's Column (23. 24. 59. 61. ed. Bartoli), where a similar disposition is indicated; and by the passage of Tacitus (l. c.), which distinguishes a vessel which has its oars placed in a single file (moneris) from the bireme, which, therefore, had them distributed in two — complet quod biremium, quaeque simplici ordine agebantur.
* Biremis/1.1
* Biremis/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Birotus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIRO'TUS, and BIRO'TA substantively. Having two wheels, and thus designated any description of carriage so constructed; all of which are enumerated in the Analytical Index. Non. Marc. s. v. Cisium, p. 86. Cod. Theodos. 8. 5. 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Birrus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIR'RUS. A capote, or cape, with a hood to it (Schol. Vet. ad Juv. Sat. viii. 145.), which was in very common use amongst all classes under the later emperors, as an outdoor covering for the head and shoulders. It had a long nap, like beaver (Claud. Epigr. 42.), and from the thickness of its texture is designated as stiff (rigens, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 14.), both of which qualities are clearly recognizable in the illustration (Birrus/1.1), from a statue found at Pompeii, which represents a young fisherman asleep in his capote.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bisaccium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BISAC'CIUM. A pair of saddle-bags made of coarse sacking; the original of the Italian bisacce and δισάκιον of the modern Greeks. Pet. Sat. 31. 9. Anton. ad l..
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bisellarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BISELL'ARIUS. A person to whom the privilege was accorded of using a bisellium. Inscript. ap. Grut. 1099. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bisellium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BISEL'LIUM. A state chair of large dimensions, sufficient for holding two persons (Varro, L. L. v. 128.); though there is every reason to believe that it was only used by one; as the several specimens found or represented at Pompeii are usually accompanied by a single foot-stool (suppedaneum) placed in the centre, similar to the example (Bisellium/1.1) here given, which is from a Pompeian bas-relief, and has its name, bisellium, inscribed above it. These chairs were used by persons of distinction, especially the Augustals, in the provinces, at the theatre, and other public places, in the same manner as the sella curulis was at Rome. Inscript. ap. Mazois. Ruines de Pomp. vol. i. p. 24. ap. Fabretti, c. 3. n. 324. ap. Grut. 475. 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bivium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BIV'IUM. A road, or street, which branches into two forks (Plin. H. N. vi. 32.); hence, in bivio (Virg. Aen. ix. 238.), at the point of divergence between two such roads or streets, and which in the town of Pompeii is always furnished with a fountain, as in the example (Biviium/1.1), which presents a street view in that city.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Boiae

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BOI'AE. Probably identical with the Greek κλοιοί, which was a large wooden collar, put round the neck of mischievous dogs (Xen. Hell. ii. 4. 41.); whence the Romans applied the word, in a similar sense, to a collar of wood or iron put round the neck of slaves and criminals. Plaut. As. iii. 2. 5. Id. Capt. iv. 2. 109. Prudent. Praef. Psych. 34. Hieron. 5. in Hierem. 27.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Boletar

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BOLE'TAR. Properly a dish for serving mushrooms (boleti) upon (Mart. Ep. xiv. 101.); and thence transferred to any kind of dish. Apic. ii. 1. v. 2. viii. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Botellus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BOTEL'LUS. Diminutive of botulus. Mart. v. 78.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Botularius

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BOTULA'RIUS. A maker and vendor of botuli, black puddings, or sausage meat. Sen. Ep. 56.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Botulus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BOT'ULUS (φύσκη). A sort of sausage meat or black pudding, for it was prepared with the blood of the animal (Tertull. Apol. 9.), which appears to have been prized more especially by the common people, and such gentry as Trimalchio of Petronius. Mart. xiv. 72. Gell. xvi. 7. 3. Petr. Sat. xlix. 10.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bovile

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BOVI'LE (Veget. iv. 1. 3.) The same as BUBILE, which is the more usual form.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Brabeum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BRABE'UM, BRABI'UM, or BRAVI'UM (βραβεῖον). The prize given to the victor at the public games. (Prudent. Περὶ Στεφ. v. 538.) The exclamation bravo! as a sign of approval, refers its origin to this word.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Brabeuta

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BRABEU'TA (βραβευτής). The judge who declared the victors, and awarded the prizes at the public games of Greece. Suet. Nero, 53.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bracarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BRACA'RIUS. Strictly a trowser-maker (Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 24.); but in the Edict of Diocletian (p. 20.), a tailor in general, who made any kind of vest.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bracatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BRACA'TUS or BRACCA'TUS. In general, a person who wears trowsers or pantaloons; more especially intended to characterise the Asiatic or northern races (Cic. Fam. ix. 15. Pers. Sat. iii. 53.), as distinguished from the Greeks, by whom they were never worn; and from the Romans, by whom they were only adopted at a late period of the Empire, or by persons who affected a foreign style. Tac. Hist. ii. 20.
2. Bracatus totum corpus, breeched from head to foot. An expression intended to describe a peculiar sort of costume commonly worn by the races who inhabited the shores of the Palus Maeotis (Mela, ii. 1.), and often seen on the figures of Amazons on the Greek fictile vases, from one of which the illustration (Bracatus/2.1) here introduced is taken. It was a dress which formed a pair of pantaloons below, and a sort of waistcoat or jacket above; but was made all in one length, as the phrase indicates, and as is clearly shown by a figure in Winkelmann (Mon. Ined. No. 149.), which leaves exposed the portion here concealed by the kilt.
3. Bracatus miles. A trowsered soldier; which means, when the phrase is used with reference to the republican or early Imperial period, a foreign soldier or auxiliary (Propert. iii. 4. 17.) from any of the nations who wore long trowsers as their national costume (see the cut of bracae 2. and many other examples on the Column of Trajan); but from the days of Alexander Severus, and subsequently, these articles of apparel were also adopted by the Roman soldiers (Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 40.), and may be seen on those figures of the arch of Constantine, which were executed at the period when the arch was built, and not taken from the works of Trajan, one of which is here introduced (Bracatus/3.1); consequently, in any writings of this period the phrase is equally characteristic of the Romans themselves.
4. Bracata Gallia. A department of Gaul, so called from the long breeches or trowsers worn by its inhabitants. It was subsequently termed Gallia Narbonensis. Mela, ii. 59. Plin. H. N. iii. 5.
* Bracatus/2.1
* Bracatus/3.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Brachiale

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BRACHIA'LE (περιβραχιόνιον). A piece of defensive armour which covered the brachium, or part of the arm between the wrist and elbow. It is distinctly mentioned by Xenophon (Cyrop. vi. 4. 2.) as part of the accoutrements worn by the Persians, and is sometimes seen on figures of Roman gladiators, though the Latin name does not occur in this sense, except, perhaps, Trebell. Claud. 14., where, however, it may mean a bracelet. The example (Brachiale/1.1) here introduced is from an original of bronze, which was found, with other pieces of armour, at Pompeii, and probably belonged to a gladiator. The rings by which it was fastened on the front of the arm are seen at the side.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Brephotropheum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BREPHOTROPHE'UM and BREPHOTROPHI'UM (βρεφοτροφεῖον). A foundling-hospital; both words, however, the Latin as well as Greek, are of a late date, not occurring before the age of the Christian emperors, when foundlings were declared to be free, and those who received or educated them were forbidden by law to detain, or sell them as slaves (Imp. Justin. Cod. i. 2. 19.); for while the exposure, sale, or giving in pawn of children was commonly permitted and practised, it is not likely that any establishment of this kind would be maintained at the public expense.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bubile

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUBI'LE (βόαυλος or -ον). A cow-shed, cow-house, or stall for oxen. (Phaedr. ii. 8. Cato, R. R. 4. Columell. i. 6. 4.) The illustration (Bubile/1.1), which might almost have been sketched from a modern farm-yard, is copied from a miniature of the Vatican Virgil.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bubsequa

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUB'SEQUA. A cow-boy, who drives the cattle to and from their pastures, &c. (Apul. Met. viii. p. 152. Sidon. Ep. i. 6.) The example (Bubsequa/1.1) is from the Vatican Virgil.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bubulcus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUBUL'CUS (βουκόλος). In a general sense, a cow-herd, neat-herd, or herdsman (Virg. Ecl. x. 9.), who tends, manages, and has the general care for the cattle on a farm; in which sense the term pastor is more common. The illustration (Bubulcus/1.1) is from an engraved gem.
2. More especially and frequently, a countryman who drives a team of oxen at the plough (Columell. ii. 5. 2. ii. 13. 1. ii. 2. 25.), as shown in the illustration s. ARATOR; or in a waggon of any kind. Ovid, Trist. iii. 12. 30.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Buccellatum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUCCELLA'TUM. A hard soldier's biscuit, which was distributed for rations upon a march. Spart. Pescenn. Nig. 10. Ammian. xvii. 8. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Buccularius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUCCULA'RIUS. One who made, or affixed cheek-pieces (bucculae) to helmets. Aurel. Arcad. Dig. 50. 6. 6.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Buccula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUC'CULA (παραγναθίς). The cheek-piece of a helmet, which was furnished with one on each of its sides, attached by hinges, so as to be lifted up and down at pleasure. In active exercise the bucculae were fastened under the chin; when the wearer was "at ease," they were frequently tied up over the top of the skull cap. (See the illustrations s. GALEA. Liv. xliv. 34. Juv. x. 134.) The engraving (Buccula/1.1) shows one side of an original bronze helmet found in a tomb at Paestum, with the cheek piece depending from it.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bucinator

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
BUCINA'TOR or BUCCINA'TOR (βυκανητής, or βυκανιστής). One who blows the horn, called bucina (Polyb. ii. 29. 6. Id. xxx. 13. 11. Caes. B. C. ii. 35.), which in addition to the uses mentioned in the last article, was also employed for making signals on board ship, as in the example (Bucinator/1.1), from a terra-cotta lamp, which represents a ship coming into port; the sailors are furling the sails, while the master signalizes its arrival by sounding the bucina.