OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceroma

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERO'MA (κήρωμα). Properly, an unguent, made of oil and wax compounded together, with which the bodies of wrestlers were anointed previously to being rubbed over with fine sand (Mart. Ep. vii. 32.); whence the same term is also used to designate the chamber in which this operation was performed. Plin. H. N. xxxv. 2. Senec. Brev. Vit. 12.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceruchi

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERU'CHI (κεροῦχοι). The ropes which run from each arm of the sail-yard to the top of the mast, corresponding with what are now called in nautical language "the lifts." (Lucan. viii. 177. Id. x. 494.) Their object was to keep the yard in a level and horizontal position upon the mast, which it could not preserve without a support of this nature; and the largest class of vessels, which had a yard of great length and weight, were furnished with a double pair of lifts, as in the example (Ceruchi/1.1), from the Vatican Virgil; while the smaller and ordinary sized had only one.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cervical

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERVI'CAL (προσκεφάλαιον, ὑπαυχένιον). A bolster, cushion, or squab for supporting the back of the head and neck on a bed or dining couch. (Suet. Nero, 6. Mart. xiv. 146.) The illustration (Cervical/1.1) is from a painting at Pompeii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cervisia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERVI'SIA or CEREVE'SIA. A beverage extracted from barley, like our beer or ale; which was the ordinary drink of the Gauls. (Plin. H. N. xxii. 82.) The same name, according to Servius (ad Virg. Georg. iii. 379.), was also given to a beverage extracted from the fruit of the service tree, which would correspond more closely with our cider.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cervi

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERVI. In military language, large branches of trees, having the smaller ones left on, and shortened at a certain distance from the stock, so as to present the appearance of a stag's horn. (Varro, L. L. v. 117.) They were stuck in the ground, to impede the advance of an enemy's column, a charge of cavalry over a plain, which afforded no natural obstructions (Sil. Ital. x. 412. Liv. xliv. 11.), and as a palisade or protection to any vulnerable or important position. Caes. B. G. vii. 72.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceryceum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERYCE'UM (κηρύκειον). A Greek word Latinised; same as CADUCEUS. Martian. Capell. 4. p. 95.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ceryx

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CERYX (κήρυξ). A Greek word, used in a Latin form by Seneca (Tranquill. 3.); a Greek herald, marshal, or pursuivant, who occupied a similar position amongst that people, and performed the same sort of duties as the Fetiales and Legati of the Romans. His distinctive badge was a wand (κηρύκειον, caduceus); his person was held sacred and inviolable; and his most honourable employment consisted in carrying flags of truce between conflicting armies, and messages between hostile states, a duty which the figure in the illustration (Ceryx/1.1), from a fictile vase, is represented as in the act of commencing. He is armed with sword and spear; has the herald's wand in his right hand; and stands before a burning altar, upon which he has just sacrificed, preparatory to starting on his journey; the sentiment of departure being indicated, according to the customary practice of the Greek artists, by certain conventional signs, such as the travelling boots, the chlamys thrown loosely over the arm, and the hat slung behind his back. Besides this, in his character of marshal and pursuivant, the Ceryx possessed the power of interposing between and separating combatants, as seen in the annexed example (Ceryx/1.2), also from a fictile vase; was authorized to summon the assemblies of the people, and keep order in them, and to superintend the arrangements at a sacrifice, as well as at public and private festivals.
2. A public crier; more closely allied to the Roman praeco; whose business it was to make proclamations in the public assemblies (Aristoph. Ach. 42. seq.), and to enjoin silence by sound of trumpet at the national games, whilst the solemn eulogium (κήρυγμα) was pronounced upon the victor (Fabri. Agon. ii. 3. Mosebach de Praecon. Vet. § 32 — 34.), as shown by the following figure (Ceryx/2.1), from a Greek marble in the Vatican; he is represented as just beginning to sound his trumpet by the side of the conqueror, who is in the act of placing on his head the crown which he has just received from the president (ἀγωνοθέτης), whilst on the other side of the composition a pair of Pancratiastae are contending.
* Ceryx/1.1
* Ceryx/1.2
* Ceryx/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cesticillus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CESTICIL'LUS. A porter's knot, for carrying burdens on the head. Festus, s. v. Compare ARCULUS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cestrosphendone

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CESTROSPHEN'DONE (κεστροσφενδόνη). A weapon of warfare, first employed by the soldiers of Perseus in the Macedonian war, consisting in a short dart, the head of which was two spans broad, affixed to a wooden stock of the thickness of a man's finger, and half a cubit in length, and furnished with three short wooden wings, similar to the feathers of an arrow. It was discharged from a sling. Liv. xlii. 65. Polyb. xxvii. 9.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cestrum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CESTRUM (κέστρον). A sort of graver or etching needle employed in the process of encaustic painting on ivory. It is supposed that the instrument was heated by fire, and that the traits to be delineated were burnt into the tablet with its point, and then filled in with liquid wax; but the whole subject of encaustic painting, and the manner in which the operation were conducted, is very obscure and uncertain. Plin. H. N. xxxxv. 41.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cestus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CESTUS (κεστός, sc. ἱμάς). In a general sense, any band or tie (Varro, R. R. i. 8. 6.); but the word is properly a Greek adjective, meaning embroidered, whence it is more frequently used in a special sense to designate the girdle of Venus, upon which a representation of the passions, desires, joys, and pains of love was embroidered (Hom. Il. xiv. 214. Mart. Ep. vi. 13. Id. xiv. 206. and 207.) The illustration (Cestus/1.1) introduced is from a bas-relief of the Museo Chiaramonti, representing a figure of Venus draped in the archaic style; consequently from some very early type, which makes it trustworthy. It will be perceived, that the cestus on this figure is worn lower down than the ordinary female's girdle (cingulum, 1.), and higher up than the young women's zone (zona, or cingulum, 2.), which may account for the uncertainty prevailing amongst scholars respecting the proper place which the cestus occupied on the person, and for the apparent indecision of the passages, which have led some to place it over the loins (as Winkelmann), and others immediately under the bosom (as Heyne and Visconti); whereas in the example, it is really placed in an intermediate position between the two.
2. The glove worn by boxers, more commonly written CAESTUS, which see.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cetariae

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CETA'RIAE or CETA'RIA. Shallow places or fishing grounds upon a coast, frequented by large fish at certain periods of the year, when they are taken by the fishermen; such as the places in the Mediterranean, where the tunny fish is now caught. Hor. Sat. ii. 5. 44. Plin. H. N. ix. 19.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cetarii

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CETA'RII. A class of fishermen, who took the larger kinds of fish, such as tunnies, upon the cetariae (Varro, ap. Non. s. v. p. 49.), salted them down, and sold them in shops belonging to themselves. Columell. viii. 17. 12. Terent. Eun. ii. 2. 26.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cetratus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CETRA'TUS. One who bears the small round target, called cetra, which was characteristic of some barbarous nations, but not of the Romans. Caes. B. C. i. 70.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cetra

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CETRA. A small round shield (Varro, ap. Non. s. v. p. 555. and p. 82.), covered with hide (Serv. ad Virg. Aen. vii. 732.); chiefly employed by the natives of Africa, Spain, and ancient Britain (Tac. Agr. 36.), the form and character of which is believed to be preserved in the target of the Scottish highlanders.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chalatorius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHALATO'RIUS, sc. funis (ἐπίτονος, sc. ἰμάς). The rope by which a sail-yard is raised and lowered on the mast, corresponding with the halyard of modern nautical language. It was fastened on the middle of the yard, and run up through a block affixed to the mast, from which the end descended to the deck, where it was worked by the sailors. (Veget. Mil. iv. 15.) It is probably derived from χαλάω, to slacken, loosen, or let down; and allied to the χαλινός, or bridle of the Greek sailors.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chalcidicum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHALCID'ICUM (Χαλκιδικόν). A large, low, and deep porch, covered with its own roof, supported on pilasters, and appended to the entrance front of a building, where it protects the principal doorway, and forms a grand entrance to the whole edifice (Becchi, del Calcidico e della Cripta di Eumachia, § 21 — 43.), in the manner represented by the following engraving (Chalcidicum/1.1), which represents a stucture of similar character, now remaining in front of the very ancient church of S. Giorgio in Velabro at Rome, believed to occupy the site of the original Basilica Semproniana in the Forum Boarium. Structures of this kind received their name from the city of Chalcis (Festus, s. v.), where, it may be presumed, they were first introduced, or of the most frequent occurrence; and they were added on to private as well as public edifices, not merely as an ornament to the façade, but for the purpose of affording shelter to persons whilst waiting on the outside for their turn to be admitted, or who transacted their business under them; to the palaces of kings and great personages (Hygin. Fab. 184. Auson. Perioch. Odyss. 23. Procop. de Aedific. Justin. i. 10.); to the basilicae, courts of justice, and merchants' changes (Vitruv. v. 1.), where they could serve to contain the articles of merchandize, the sale of which was negotiated in the interior; to the curia, the town-hall, and senate-house (Dion Cass. li. 22. August. Mon. Ancyran. ap. Grut. p 232. 4.), perhaps for the reception of the slaves awaiting their masters, and of the people naturally congregating about such places for curiosity or business. The external character and appearance of these appendages is sufficiently indicated by the preceding wood-cut; and their general plan, with reference to the rest of the edifice, by the next one (Chalcidicum/1.2), which represents the ground-plan of an extensive building at Pompeii, constructed by the priestess Eumachia, consisting of an enclosed gallery (crypta, A), an open one (porticus, B) adjoining, which encloses a courtyard or area (C) in the centre; the whole being covered by a grand entrance, fronting the forum, with the name CHALCIDICUM inscribed upon a slab of marble affixed to the wall.
* Chalcidicum/1.1
* Chalcidicum/1.2
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chamulchus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHAMUL'CHUS (χαμουλκός). A sort of dray employed in the transport of very weighty substances, such as large blocks of marble, columns, obelisks, &c., which lay low upon the ground (whence the name, from χαμαὶ the ground, and ἕλκω, to draw), and probably resembled those now used for similar purposes. Ammian. xvii. 4. 14.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Character

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHARAC'TER (χαρακτήρ). In general, any sign, note, or mark, stamped, engraved, or otherwise impressed upon any substance, like the device upon coins, seals, &c.; and in a more special sense, the brand or mark burnt into the flanks of oxen, sheep, or horses, in order to distinguish the breed, certify the ownership, or for other purposes of a similar nature, as in the example (Character/1.1), which shows the brand upon a race-horse, from a small antique bronze. Columell. xi. 2. 14.
2. The iron instrument with which such marks were made. Isidor. Orig. xx. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Charistia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHARIS'TIA (Χαρίστια or Χαριτήσια). The feast of the Charities; a family banquet, to which none but relatives or members of the same family were invited, and the object of which was to reconcile any differences which might have arisen amongst them, and to preserve the kindred united and friendly with one another. (Val. Max. ii. 1. 8. Ov. Fast. ii. 617.) It was celebrated on the 19th of February (viii. Cal. Mart.), which was thence termed the "kinsmen's day" — lux propinquorum. Mart. Ep. ix. 56.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Charistion

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHARIS'TION (χαριστίων). An instrument for weighing; but of what precise character, or in what it differed from the balance (libra) and steelyard (statera) is not ascertained. Inscript. ap. Don. cl. 2. n. 67. Not. Tires. p. 164.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Charta

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHARTA (χάρτης). Writing-paper, made from layers of the papyrus, of which eight different qualities are enumerated by Pliny (H. N. xiii. 23.): — 1. Augustana, subsequently called Claudiana, the best quality; 2. Liviana, the next best; 3. Hieratica, originally the best, and the same as charta regia of Catullus (xix. 16.); 4, 5, 6. Amphitheatrica, Saitica, Leneotica, inferior kinds, named after the places where they were respectively manufactured. 7. Fanniana, made at Rome, and named from its maker Fannius; 8. Emporetica, coarse paper, not used for writing, but only for packing merchandize, whence its name. To these may be added, 9. charta dentata, the surface of which was smoothed and polished by rubbing over with the tooth of some animal, to procure a glossy face for the pen to glide over, like our "hot-pressed" paper (Cic. Q. Fr. ii. 15. Plin. H. N. xiii. 25.); and 10. charta bibula, a transparent, and spongy sort of paper, which let the ink run, and showed the letters through. Plin. Ep. viii. 15. 2. Compare Plin. H. N. xiii. 24.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chele

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHE'LE (χηλή). Properly, a Greek word, which signifies a cloven foot; a pair of crooked and serrated claws, like those of a crab; the talons of a bird; or the claw of a wild beast; whence in that language, it is employed to designate several different instruments, possessing in their forms or manner of usage a resemblance to any one of these natural objects: as a netting needle; a breakwater to protect the mouth of a harbour, when made in the form of a claw set open (see the plan of the port at Ostia, s. PORTUS, letter K); a pair of pincers or pliers, with bent arms like claws, &c. By the Romans, for a similar reason, the same name is given to a particular part of some military engines, such as the ballista and scorpio, which was a sort of claw, or nipper, made to open and seize upon the trigger or chord of the machine whilst it was being drawn back to produce the rebound which discharged the missile. Vitruv. x. 11. 7. Id. x. 10. 4.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chelonium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHELO'NIUM (χελώνιον). A bracket or collar affixed to the uprights of a certain machine for moving heavy weights (machina tractoria) at their lowest extremities, into which the pivot (cardo) of a revolving axle and wheel (sucula) was inserted; like that in which the axle of a plaustrum turned. Vitruv. x. 2. 2.
2. A collar of similar description, fastened to the top of an upright beam in another kind of contrivance for raising weights (polyspaston), to which the block and pullies (trochleae) were affixed. Vitruv. x. 2. 8.
3. A particular member in a catapulta; called also pulvinus. Vitruv. x. 10. 5.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chelys

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHELYS (χέλυς, χελώνη). Properly, a Greek word, adopted into the Roman language by poets; but the genuine word is TESTUDO, under which its meanings are illustrated and explained.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cheniscus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHENIS'CUS (χηνίσκος). An ornament resembling the head and neck of a goose (χήν), sometimes placed on the stern of a vessel (Apul. Met. xi. p. 250.), but more frequently in ancient monuments, at the head. The illustration (Cheniscus/1.1) represents three of these figures; the centre one in detail, from an ancient bas-relief, of which there is a cast in the British Museum; the one on the left hand, over the stern, from Trajan's Column; and that on the right, over the prow, from the Vatican Virgil.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Chenoboscion

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CHENOBOSCI'ON (χηνοβοσκεῖον). An enclosure, with its appurtenances, attached to a country-house or farm, appropriated to the breeding and keeping of geese, large flocks of which were maintained on some estate. (Varro, R. R. xii. 10. 1.) It consisted of a spacious yard on the outside of the farm-house and buildings (Columell. viii. 1. 4.), surrounded by a wall nine feet high, which formed the back of an open gallery or colonnade (porticus), under which the pens (harae) for the birds were situated. These were built of masonry or brickwork, each being three feet square, and closed in front by a door. The site selected, where possible, was contiguous to a stream or pool of water; if not, an artificial tank was made for the purpose; and near to, or adjoining, a field of meadow grass, or one sown with artificial grasses, where the soil required it. Columell. viii. 14. 1 — 2.