# Latin II/Corpus Humanum Lesson 2

Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. Here you can peruse a new lesson in Latin, in a simple format. If you would like to catch up, you can find a directory of lessons, a classified vocabulary list, and Memrise courses at the links on the right.
This week we continue with the parts of the body, introducing new vocabulary. These medical words and others like them are proof that Latin is, indeed, used in every language. Since Latin and Greek were the languages used in scientific nomenclature, wherever medicine and modern science are practiced by those educated in these disciplines, Latin and Greek loanwords exist in the languages. Yet another powerful argument for having a Latin course: it helps enormously with developing the specialized vocabulary needed for scientific professions!

## New Vocabulary

| Latin | English | Notes |
| tālus, i | ankle | |
| umerus, i (humerus in late Latin) | shoulder, upper arm | |
| collum, i (cervix, cervicis, m.) | neck | |
| cubitum, i | elbow | |
| tergum, i | back | |
| sanguis, sanguinis (m.) | blood, family | |
| cor, cordis (cordium, but corda nom. and acc. pl.) (n.) | heart | |
| pectus, pectoris (n.) | chest | |
| dēns, dentis, dentium (m.) | tooth, tusk | |
| frōns, frontis, frontium (f.) | forehead, brow, front | |
| pollex, pollicis (m.) | thumb (big toe) | |
| os, ossis, ossium (n.) | bone | |
| genū, genūs (n.) | knee | |
| dexter, dextera, dexterum (dexter, dextra, dextrum) | right, on the right | dextera (dextra) and sinistra are sometimes used without manus to mean right or left hand |
| sinister, sinistra, sinistrum | left, on the left | dextera (dextra) and sinistra are sometimes used without manus to mean right or left hand |
| cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsus, 3 | fall | |

## New Sentences

| Latin | English | Notes |
| Umerus dexter, cubitum dexterum, manūs dextera | Right shoulder, right elbow, right hand. | |
| Tālus sinister, genū sinistrum, manūs sinistra | Left ankle, left knee, left hand. | |
| In genua cadit. | He falls onto his knees. | |
| In tergum cadit. | He falls onto his back. | |
| Frōns mea dolet. | My forehead hurts. | |
| Injūriam in fronte habeō. | I have an injury on my forehead. | |
| Dux impetum a tergō facit. | The general makes an attack from the back. | |
| Equus longum collum habet. | The horse has a long neck. | |
| Cor ejus(eius) valet. | His heart is strong/healthy. | |
| Pectus meum dolet. | My chest hurts. | |
| Cor in sinistrā parte pectoris est. | The heart is on the left side of the chest. | |
| Os Lūciae fractum est, nōn ōs. | Lucia’s bone is broken, not her mouth. | cf os, ossis “bone” with ōs, oris, “mouth.” Both are neuter 3rd declension nouns. |
| Quot ossa sunt in corpore humanō? | How many bones are in the human body? | |
| Dēns meus dolet. | My tooth hurts. | |
| Dentēs lavō. | I brush my teeth. | |
| Sanguis ruber est. | Blood is red. | |
| Sanguine conjūnctī sumus. | We are relatives by blood. | |
| Pollice versō. | Thumb turned, thumbs down | The sign to kill a losing gladiator |
| Sursum corda. | Lift up your hearts; lit. hearts lifted | |

## Practice

Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson :
| Step one | First learn the words using this lesson: Corpus Humanum vocabulary |
| Step two | Next try learning and writing the sentencing using this: Corpus Humanum Sentences |
| Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) ||
I hope you have enjoyed this lesson. As always, we welcome comments or questions on the talk page. Next we’ll begin the perfect tense. Valēte!