OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dolon

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DOLON or DOLO (δόλων). A long and strong stick, with a small sharp iron point at the extremity. Virg. Aen. vii. 664. Varro, ap. Serv. ad l.
2. A sword stick, in which a poniard is concealed (Serv. ad Virg. Aen. vii. 664. Isidor. Orig. xviii. 9. 4. Suet. Claud. 13. Plut. T. Gracch. 10.); whence appropriately transferred to the sting of a fly. Phaedr. iii. 6. 3.
3. A small fore-sail on a ship with more than one mast, carried over the prow, and attached to the foremast (Isidor. Orig. xix. 3. 3. Liv. xxxvi. 44. Polyb. xvi. 15. 2.), as is clearly seen in the annexed illustration (Dolon/3.1), from a bas-relief of the Villa Borghese. If the vessel had three masts, and consequently three sail, the dolon was the smallest of the three. Pollux, i. 91.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Donarium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DONA'RIUM. The treasury of a temple; i. e. an apartment in which the presents made to the gods were preserved. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. xii. 179. Lucan. ix. 516. Apul. Met. p. 183.
2. A votive offering, or present made to the gods as a token of gratitude for some favour received, such as the recovery from sickness, or an escape from some impending calamity or accident (Aul. Gell. ii. 10. Aurel. Vict. Caes. 35.) These of course varied in value and character according to the wealth and taste of the donor, consisting of arms taken in war, tripods, altars, and valuables of any kind from persons who had means at their command; but the poorer classes made more humble offerings, such as tablets inscribed or painted with a representation of the deity miraculously interposing in their behalf, and similar to those so frequently seen suspended in Roman Catholic churches; or very generally articles in terra-cotta, which were kept for sale ready made at the modeller's shop, representing only certain portions of the body, such as an arm, hand, eye, foot, leg, &c., so that each person could purchase only the exact part believed to have been healed by divine assistance. The illustration (Donarium/2.1) affords a specimen of three donaria of this kind, all from originals in terra-cotta; a foot, two eyes, and a hand, which last has a gash in the centre, representing the wound the cure of which it was intended to commemorate.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Donativum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DONATI'VUM. A largess or bounty given by the emperor to the army, as contradistinguished from congiarium, which was bestowed upon the people generally. Suet. Neto, 7. Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 26.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dormitator

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DORMITA'TOR (ἡμερόκοιτος). A thief who commits depredations by night. Plaut. Trin. iv. 2. 20. Hesiod. Od. 603.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dormitorium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DORMITO'RIUM. A dormitory, or bed-chamber (Plin. H. N. xxx. 17.); which appears to have been generally small, and scantily furnished, as shown by the example (Dormitorium/1.1), representing the interior of Dido's bed-room, from the Vatican Virgil.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dorsualia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DORSUA'LIA. A broad band, made of richly dyed cloth, or embroidered silk, which was laid across the backs of horses upon state occasions, as in the example (Dorsualia/1.1), from the triumphal procession of Constantine; or upon cattle conducted to the sacrifice, of which the Arch of Titus at Rome affords several specimens. Trebell. Gallien. 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dorsuarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DORSUA'RIUS and DOSSUA'RIUS. A beast of burden; a pack-horse (Varro, R. R. ii. 10.), or ass (Id. ii. 6.), as in the example (Dorsuarius/1.1), from the triumphal arch of Constantine.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Doryphorus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DORY'PHORUS (δορυφόρος). A halberdier; the name given to the soldiers who formed the body-guard of the Persian kings, from the weapon they carried; but the word does not occur in Latin, excepting as the name of a celebrated statue by Polycletes (Cic. Brut. 86. Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 19. § 2.), representing one of these guards, or of a soldier armed like them.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Drachma

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DRACH'MA (δραχμή). A drachm; the principal silver coin of the Greek currency, as the denarius was of the Roman, and of which there were two standards of different weights and value — the Attic and Aeginetan.
The Attic drachm, represented by the annexed wood-cut (Drachma/1.1), from an original in the British Museum, of the actual size, was mostly current in the north of Greece, the maritime states, and in Sicily. It contained six obols, and its average value was nearly equal to 9¾d. of our money; but when Pliny (H. N. xxi. 109.) speaks of the Attic drachma and Roman denarius as being of equal weight, it is to be understood that the latter had been reduced from its original standard. Hussey, Ancient Weights and Money, p. 47 — 48.
The Aeginetan drachm, represented by the next wood-cut (Drachma/1.2), also from an original of the same size in the British Museum, was used in Boeotia, and some parts of northern Greece, and in all the states of the Peloponnesus except Corinth. It was of a higher standard than the Attic, containing about 93 grains of pure silver, and was worth about 1s 1¾d. of our money. Hussey, Ancient Weights and Money, p. 59 — 60.
* Drachma/1.1
* Drachma/1.2
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Draconarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DRACONA'RIUS. The ensign, or standard bearer of a military cohort, who carried the draco, or dragon represented in the preceding wood-cut. (Ammian. xx. 4. 18. Veg. Mil. ii. 7. and 13.) Ensigns of this description are frequently represented on the Columns of Trajan and Antonine amongst the barbarian troops, but not in the Roman armies, though they were introduced into them about the time of Trajan. It is from this word that the modern name of dragoon originated, meaning in its original sense a cavalry soldier, who followed the ensign of a dragon.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dracontarium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DRACONTA'RIUM. A band for the head (Tertull. Cor. Mil. 15.), either twisted to imitate the coils of a serpent; or, perhaps made in the form of two serpents joined together like the torquis; see the illustration s. TORQUATUS, and compare Inscript. ap. Don. cl. 1. n. 91., torquem aureum ex dracontariis duobus; but worn round the head instead of the neck.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Draco

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DRA'CO. A dragon; the ensign of a military cohort, adopted from the Parthians, and introduced into the Roman army, about the time of Trajan. It was made in the image of a large dragon (Draco/1.1) fixed upon a spear, having its head with gaping jaws of silver, while the rest of the body was formed of coloured cloth or skins, which, being hollow and flexible, waved about with motions like those of the reptile it represented, as the wind entered through the open mouth. Veget. Mil. ii. 13. Ammian. xvi. 10. 7. and 12. 39. Claud. iii. Cons. Honor. 138. Nemesian. 85.
2. An apparatus for heating water in a manner which economized both time and fuel; consisting in a boiler furnished with a number of tubes set round it, like the coils of a serpent, so that the entire quantity of the liquid was exposed at the same time, and in small quantities, to the action of the fire. Senec. Quaest. Nat. iii. 24.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dromonarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DROMONA'RIUS. A rower in a vessel termed dromo. Cassiodor. Var. Ep. iv. 15.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dromo

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DROMO, or DROMON (δρόμων). A particular kind of ship, remarkable for its celerity, but respecting which nothing more definitive is known. Isidor. Orig. xix. 1. 14. Cassiodor. Var. Ep. v. 17.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dulciarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DULCIA'RIUS. A person who made dulcia; i. e. a confectioner, as contradistinguished from a pastry-cook. Lamprid. Elag. 27. Trebell. Claud. 14. Veg. Mil. i. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Dulcia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DUL'CIA. Confectionery; a general name for all kinds of sweets made with honey, as contradistinguished from pastry, or sweets made with meal, fruits, milk, etc. Lamprid. Elag. 27. and 32.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Duumviri

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
DUUM'VIRI. Two officers appointed to act together for various purposes; as,
1. Duumviri jure dicundo; two chief magistrates who administered the laws in provincial towns. Cic. Agr. ii. 34.
2. Duumviri perduellionis; two colleagues appointed to try persons accused of the murder of a Roman citizen. Liv. i. 26. Cic. Rabir. perd. 4.
3. Duumviri Navales; two colleagues appointed upon emergencies to superintend the equipment or repairs of a fleet. Liv. ix. 30.
4. Duumviri sacrorum; two colleagues appointed to take charge of the Sybilline books, a duty subsequently transferred to the decemvirs. Liv. iii. 10.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Eborarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EBORA'RIUS. A carver and worker in ivory. Imp. Const. Cod. 10. 64. 1.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Echinus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
ECHI'NUS (ἐχῖνος). A hedge-hog; and a sea-urchin, the shell of which was made use of by the ancients as a receptable for medicine and other things; hence the name is given by Horace (Sat. i. 6. 117.) to a table utensil, formed of the same material, or modelled to imitate it; but the particular use for which he intended it to be applied is not clearly apparent. Heindorf (ad l.) says, a bowl for washing the goblets in.
2. In architecture. A large elliptico-circular member in a Doric capital, placed immediately under the abacus. (Vitruv. iv. 3. 4.) In the finest specimens of the order it is either elliptical or hyperbolical in its outline, but never circular; and, with the annulets under it is of the same height as the abacus. (Elmes, Lectures on Architecture, p. 205.) The example (Echinus/2.1) represents a capital from the Parthenon.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ectypus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EC'TYPUS (ἔκτυπος). Formed in a mould (τύπος, forma), which has the device intended to be displayed incavated in it, so that the cast (ectypum) which comes from it presents the objects in relief, like a terra-cotta cast (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 43.), as will be readily understood by the annexed engravings (Ectypus/1.1). The right-hand one represents an ancient mould, from an original found at Ardea, and the left-hand one shows the terra-cotta cast with its figures in relief which comes out of it.
2. Ectypa gemma, or scalptura; an engraved stone which has the images upon it carved in relief, like a cameo, instead of being cut into it, like a seal or intaglio. Seneca, Ben. iii. 26. Plin. H. N. xxxvii. 63.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Edolatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EDOLA'TUS. Shaped, and cut out of the rough with a dolabra (Columell. viii. 11. 4. and DOLATUS); hence figuratively applied to anything which is finished with great care and nicety. Cic. Att. xiii. 47. Compare Varro, ap. Non. p. 448.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Effigies

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EFFIG'IES. In general, any likeness, image, or effigy. But, with reference to an express use of the word in the Roman funera gentilitia (Tac. Ann. iv. 9. Compare iii. 5.), see IMAGINES, 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Elaeothesium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
ELAEOTHES'IUM (ἐλαιοθέσιον). The oiling room in a set of baths, where the oils and unguents were kept, and to which the bather retired to be rubbed and anointed. In large establishments a separate chamber was appropriated for this purpose, adjoining the frigidarium, or cold chamber (Vitruv. v. 11. 2.), as exhibited in the illustration at p. 142, from a painting representing a set of baths in the Thermae of Titus at Rome; where it is seen with the name written over it, filled with jars for unguents ranged upon shelves, and occupying the last chamber on the left hand, immediately adjoining the frigidarium, as directed by Vitruvius. But in private baths, or in public ones of a more limited extent, such as those of Pompeii, the tepid chamber seems to have been used as a substitute. See the article TEPIDARIUM.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Elenchus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
ELEN'CHUS. A large drop pearl in the shape of a pear, much esteemed by the wealthy ladies of Rome, who were fond of wearing two or three together as pendants for the ears, or dangling from the rings of the fingers. (Plin. H. N. ix. 56. Juv. Sat. vi. 459.) The example (Elenchus/1.1) is copied from an original ear-ring, consisting of one large elenchus, for a drop.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Elix

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
E'LIX. An ancient word, expressing a broad deep furrow drawn between the ridges in corn fields, for the purpose of draining the moisture from the roots of the plant. Serv. ad Virg. G. i. 109. Columell. ii. 8. 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ellychnium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
ELLYCH'NIUM (ἐλλύχνιον, θρυαλλίς). The wick of a candle or oil-lamp; usually made with the pith of a rush, or the coarse fibres of flax, or of papyrus. (Vitruv. viii. 1. 5. Plin. H. N. xxiii. 41. Id. xxviii. 47.) The illustration (Ellychnium/1.1) represents a small Roman lamp, with the wick burning.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Emblema

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EMBLE'MA (ἔμβλημα). Inlaid; but especially applied to mosaic work (Varro, R. R. iii. 2. 4. Lucil. ap. Cic. Brut. 79.), which is composed with a number of small pieces of coloured stone, glass, or enamel set in a bed of cement. As this art was practised in various ways, we meet with several names in reference to it, each of which discriminates some one of the particular methods, such as tessellatum, sectile, vermiculatum, and others enumerated in the classed Index. If the present one, emblema, is not a generic, but specific term, it may have been used to designate a description of mosaic little known, but practised in the villa of Hadrian, near Tivoli, some fragments of which have been published by Caylus (Recueil, vi. 86.), and consisting of bas-reliefs modelled in very hard stucco, which are inlaid with small pieces of different coloured stones and enamels, so as to have the appearance of being painted. The second meaning attached to the word emblema supports such a conjecture.
2. A raised ornament or figure not cast nor cut out of the solid, but affixed to some other substance as an ornamental mount; such, for instance, as a figure in gold rivetted upon bronze. (Cic. Verr. ii. 4. 17. 22. 24.) This art was much practised and highly esteemed by the ancients; and several specimens of it have been discovered at Pompeii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Emboliaria

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EMBOLIA'RIA. An actress who came upon the stage between the acts of a play to keep the audience amused by reciting some kind of interlude (embolium, ἐμβόλιον). Plin. H. N. vii. 49. Inscript. ap. Murat. 660. 4.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Embolum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EM'BOLUM (ἔμβολον). Properly, a Greek word Latinized (Pet. Sat. 30.), meaning the beak of a ship of war, expressed in Latin by the word ROSTRUM, under which it will be explained and illustrated.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Embolus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EM'BOLUS (ἔμβολος). The piston and sucker of a pump, syringe, or other similar contrivance for drawing up and discharging water. (Vitruv. x. 7.) See CTESIBICA MACHINA and SIPHO.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Emeriti

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
EMER'ITI. Roman soldiers who were discharged from military duty (Val. Max. vi. 1. 10. Ov. Trist. iv. 8. 21.), having served the full time required by law; viz. twenty years for legionaries, and sixteen for the praetorians. Tac. Ann. i. 78. Dion Cass. lv. 23.