OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quadriga

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUADRI'GA (τέθριππον ἅρμα). A team of four horses or other animals; thence a carriage drawn by four horses abreast, and more epecially applied to the racing chariots of the circus (see the following woodcut), or to those employed in public processions, triumphs, &c. (Cic. Liv. Suet. &c.) Carriages of this description were originally furnished with two poles and a long cross-bar or yoke, which stretched across the backs of all the four animals, in the same manner as shown by the first woodcut s. BIGA. But that practice was early set aside, and then the two centre horses only were yoked, the two outside ones being attached by traces, in the manner shown by the woodcut s. FUNALIS. Isidor. Orig. xviii. 35.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quadriremis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUADRIRE'MIS (τετρήρης). A war-galley propelled by four banks (ordines) of oars on each of its sides. (Plin. H. N. vii. 57. Cic. Verr. ii. 5. 33.) The illustration (Quadriremis/1.1), copied from a medal of the Emperor Gordian, though too minute and imperfect to be received as a complete representation of a quadrireme, yet affords a valuable and most satisfactory authority respecting the chief point which distinguished the class to which it belonged, viz. the position and rating of its oarage. It will be perceived that four separate banks, in tiers superimposed one above the other, are distinctly expressed by the four horizontal lines indicating the separation of each bank, and the diagonal position of each file of oars, by the angular termination of their extremities on the left side of the entire range; thus plainly demonstrating that the principle followed in disposing and reckoning the oarage of a quadriremis, was the same as that practised in the BIREMIS and TRIREMIS, the illustrations under which words, being upon a larger scale, and from more detailed models, will show the matter in a clearer light.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quadrivium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUADRIV'IUM (τετραόδιον). A place where four streets or cross roads meet (Catull. 58. Juv. i. 64). The illustration (Quadrivium/1.1) represents a street view of this nature in the city of Pompeii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Qualus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUA'LUS and -UM (τάλαρος). A very general name for a wicker basket, which might be employed for various purposes; as, a woman's wool basket (Hor. Od. iii. 12. 4. and next woodcut); a strainer made of wicker work, used at the vintage (Virg. Georg. ii. 242. Serv. ad l. and wood cut s. COLUM. 1.); a wicker cage or coop for fowls (Columell. viii. 3. 4. and woodcut s. CAVEA. 2.). It will be observed that all the baskets in the illustrations referred to possess a conical shape, though sometimes standing upon their base, and at others used in an inverted position, which is the very form described by Columella (ix. 15. 12.), and consequently to be received as the distinguishing characteristic of the qualus.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quasillariae

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUASILLA'RIAE. Female slaves engaged in the spinning department of an ancient household, whose duties consisted in carrying the baskets of wool (quali, quasilli) to the spinners and weavers, while they were occupied with their tasks. They formed the lowest rank in the household, merely attending upon other slaves, and not being themselves skilled in any branch of industrial art (Pet. Sat. 132. 3. Inscript. ap. Grut. 648. 5.). The illustration (Quasillariae/1.1) represents two females of this class with the basket between them, from a frieze in the forum of Nerva at Rome, on which various processes connected with the arts of spinning and weaving, and different classes of workwomen, are sculptured.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quasillus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUASILL'US and -UM (ταλαρίς). Diminutive of QUALUS; especially applied to the basket in which wool and spinning implements were carried, as explained and illustrated under the last two words. Tibull. iv. 10. 3. Prop. iv. 7. 41.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quinarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINA'RIUS. A half denarius; a silver coin of Roman currency, worth about 4¼d. of our money. (Varro, L. L. v. 173. Plin. H. N. xxxiii. 13.). The example (Quinarius/1.1) is from an original of the actual size.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quincunx

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINCUN'X. A copper coin of Roman currency, weighing five ounces (unciae), and equal in value to five twelfths of an As (Hor. A. P. 327.). It is distinguished by five balls to denote its value, of the same character as those which appear on the quadrans (woodcut s. v.); but the coin itself is of extreme rarity, and the British Museum does not possess a specimen.
2. A figure of things arranged in the same position (Quincunx/2.1) as the five points (puncta) are upon a die. Cic. Sen. 17. Caes. B. G. vii. 73.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quincupedal

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINCUP'EDAL. A five-foot rod, divided into graduated parts, for taking measurements. Mart. xiv. 92.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quinqueremis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINQUERE'MIS (πεντήρης). A war galley equipped with five banks (ordines) of oars on each side; a class of vessel very commonly employed during the second Punic war. Liv. xxviii. 30. Plin. H. N. vii. 5. The absence of any known representation of an ancient quinquereme renders it impossible to show the disposition of the oarage in vessels of this class by reference to a model of undoubted authority; but there are fair conjectural grounds for believing that each bank was placed and rated in an ascending line, one over the other, the oar ports of all the five ranging diagonally in file, in the manner shown by the following diagram (Quinqueremis/1.1); because the biremis, triremis, and quadriremis are shown by existing monuments to have been rated and constructed upon that principle, as is proved by the illustrations to each of those words; and it has been ascertained by actual experiment that a fifth tier superimposed in the same manner would not be too high above the water's edge, for the blade to dip into the water without requiring the oar to be of an unmanageable length; though beyond that number such an arrangement is found practically impossible, because the handle would be hoisted above the rower's reach, from the great obliquity given to the oar by the height of the fulcrum on which it would be poised; or, if the oar were lengthened sufficiently to meet the water at a working angle, the handle would become so long that it could not be contained within the vessel.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quinquertio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINQUER'TIO (πένταθλος). One who practised the games of the quinquertium. Liv. Andron. ap. Fest. s. v.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Quinquertium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
QUINQUER'TIUM (πενταθλον). An athletic contest of Greek origin (Festus, s. v.) consisting of five feats (quinque artium), viz.; leaping (saltus, ἅλμα), running (cursus, δρόμος), wrestling (lucta, πάλη), throwing the quoit (discus, δίσκος), and boxing (pugilatus, πυγμή), for which last throwing the javelin (jaculatio, ἀκόντισις) was afterwards substituted; but to gain the prize it was necessary to achieve a victory in all the five.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Radius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RA'DIUS (ῥάβδος). A pointed rod or wand, employed by professors of geometry, astronomy, or mathematics, for describing diagrams in sand, &c. (Cic. Tusc. v. 23. Virg. Ecl. iii. 40.), as exhibited by the annexed figure (Radius/1.1), representing the Muse Urania, from a Pompeian painting.
2. (ἀκτίς). A ray of light; usually represented by artists as a sharp pointed spike; whence corona radiis distincta (Flor. iv. 2. 91.), a crown ornamented with metal spikes to imitate the rays of the sun, as in the annexed example (Radius/2.1), representing the head of Augustus, on an engraved gem.
3. (ἀκτίς, κνήμη). The spoke of a wheel (Virg. Georg. ii. 444. Ov. Met. ii. 318.); so termed because they radiate from a centre; hence rota radiata (Varro, R. R. iii. 5. 15), a wheel with spokes as contradistinguished from the solid wheel (tympanum) which had none. The latter of the two Greek words bracketed above, κνήμη, means literally the shin bone, and thus suggests a different image for the same object, which is also exemplified by the form of the spokes in the annexed illustration (Radius/3.1), representing an original wheel of ancient workmanship now preserved in the gallery of antiquities at Vienna.
4. A sharp pointed stake or palisade for making a vallum. Liv. xxxv. 3.
5. An instrument used in weaving (Virg. Aen. ix. 476. Ov. Met. iv. 275. vi. 56. Lucret. v. 1352.); which, reasoning from analogy, and the other senses of the word, we may infer to have been the same as the long reed now employed by the Hindoos, serving both the purposes of a shuttle and batten. It is formed like a large netting needle, rather longer than the breadth of the web, which introduces the threads of the weft, and is likewise used to condense them.
* Radius/1.1
* Radius/2.1
* Radius/3.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Radula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RA'DULA. A scraper; an iron instrument for scraping or paring off extraneous matter, such as an old coat of paint or pitch from another surface. Columell. xii. 18. 5.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Rallum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RAL'LUM. Contracted for radulum. A scraper in the form of a spud, which a ploughman put on to the butt end of his goad (stimulus), and used for scraping off the earth from the ploughshare. Plin. H. N. xviii. 49. § 2. The annexed example (Rallum/1.1) is copied from an Etruscan bronze, in which it is carried by a rustic engaged at the plough.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Rastellus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RASTEL'LUS. Diminutive of RASTER; especially in the sense of a wooden rake for smoothing over the ground after seed had been sown (Columell. ii. 12. 6.); or for raking up hay, straw, &c., in the hay or corn field. Varro, R. R. i. 49. 1. Id. L. L. v. 136.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Raster

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RAS'TER, RAS'TRUS and -UM. An agricultural implement of a mixed character, between our fork, rake, and hoe, both as regards the form of the object and the manner in which it was used. It resembled the fork and rake, in so far that the head, which was made of iron (Cato, R. R. x. 3. xi. 4.), but very heavy (Virg. Georg. i. 164.), contained two, three, or sometimes four prongs (quadridens, Cato, ll. cc.), set at intervals apart (Isidor. Orig. xx. 14. 6., a raritate dentium), and arranged, like the rake, transversely across the handle at right angles with it, not in direct continuation, like the common fork; but the ordinary method of using it resembled that of a man hoeing with energy, it being raised up from the earth at each stroke (Senec. Ira, ii. 5.) and then driven down forcibly upon or into it (Celsus, ap. Non. s. v. p. 222.). Thus it was employed in digging and clearing the surface of the soil (Varro, L. L. v. 136. Virg. Georg. iii. 534.); for subduing or working the land, instead of ploughing (Id. Aen. ix. 608.), and more especially for chopping down and breaking into smaller particles any large clods of earth left by the plough, before harrowing, or as a substitute for it (Plin. H. N. xviii. 49. § 3. Virg. Georg. i. 94.). The figure in the wood-cut (Raster/1.1), which is copied from a very ancient MS. of Terence in the Vatican Library, possesses all the qualities described; and though undoubtedly an imperfect portraiture, will enable the reader to form an accurate notion of the real character of the instrument. It forms the headpiece to the first scene of the first act in the Heautontim. being carried on the shoulders of Menedemus, and is evidently intended for an agricultural instrument of the name and nature described, from the dialogue it illustrates. — CHREMES. Istos rastros interea tamen adpone, ne labora. MENDEM. Minime, &c. — and by the accessories of a sheaf of wheat, and a yoke for plough oxen, which accompany the original design. At the same time it exemplifies the difference between the raster and the ligo, an instrument of otherwise similar character and use, but which, instead of having its head formed by two or more distinct prongs, like a rake, or being, as this is, and as Columella expresses it, a "two-horned tool" (bicorne ferrum, Columell. x. 148.), had a continuous blade like the hoe, but notched at its edge, or, in the language of the same author (x. 88.), broken up into teeth — fracti dente ligonis — as shown by the illustration s. LIGO. The term, moreover, is mostly applied in the plural number, because the head was composed of several parts or prongs, instead of a single blade.
2. Raster ligneus. A wooden rake (Columell. ii. 11. 27.); for which the diminutive RASTELLUS is more common.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Rasus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RA'SUS (ξεστός). Close shaved with a razor; both with respect to the beard and hair of the head (Cic. Rosc. Com. 7. Aul. Gell. iii. 4.: and woodcut s. LINIGER); as opposed to tonsus, which means clipped or cut short with scissors.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Rataria

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RATA'RIA. Enumerated by Aulus Gellius amongst the different kinds of boats and ships of which he gives a list (x. 25.), but without any indication of its characteristic qualities. Servius (ad Virg. Aen. i. 43.) describes it merely as a small ship propelled by oars — navicula cum remis; Isidorus (Orig. xix. 1. 9.) seems to imply that it was roughly built, and flat-bottomed, like a raft.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ratis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RATIS (σχεδία). A raft; formed by joining together a number of planks to make a float, as shown by the annexed example (Ratis/1.1), from a mosaic in the ceiling of an ancient temple of Bacchus, now the church of Santa Constantia, near Rome. Plin. H. N. vii. 57. Quint. x. 2. 7. Cic. Att. ix. Isidor. Orig. xix. 1. 19.
2. (πλοῖον κοντωτόν). A flat-bottomed boat, pushed on by a pole, as in the annexed example (Ratis/2.1), from the very ancient mosaic pavement of Praeneste, instead of being rowed with oars. It constitutes in fact the first step in naval architecture from the simple raft to the regular vessel. Virg. Georg. ii. 445. Flor. iv. 2. 32. Diodor. xix. Bayfius, Re Nav.
3. By the poets used indiscriminately for a boat or ship of any kind.
4. A pontoon, or bridge of boats for passing over from one side of a river to the other; formed by fixing the requisite number of boats in the centre of the stream to serve as piers for supporting a footway of planks laid athwart them from one side of the river to its opposite bank; whence the expression of Livy, rate jungere flumen. The example (Ratis/4.1) is from the column of Antoninus.
* Ratis/1.1
* Ratis/2.1
* Ratis/4.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Rechamus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RECH'AMUS (Vitruv. x. 2. 1.). Same as TROCHLEA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Recinctus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RECINC'TUS (Virg. Aen. iv. 518.). Equivalent to DISCINCTUS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Recinium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RECI'NIUM. See RICINIUM.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Recta

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
REC'TA (ὀρθοσταδίας). A tunic, woven in one piece all round, like our stockings; which fitted into the waist, and took the form of the figure, without requiring any girdle to keep it adjusted to the person, as was necessary with the common tunic, which was made of equal width from top to bottom. It consequently hung down in straight or direct folds from the neck to the feet, as exhibited by the annexed figure (Recta/1.1) of Ceres, which peculiarity gave rise to the name, both in the Latin and Greek language. Plin. H. N. viii. 74. Festus, s. v. Isidor. Orig. xix. 22. 18. Pollux. vii. 48.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Redemptor

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
REDEMP'TOR (ἐργολάβος). A contractor; like our own term, of general application for one who undertakes to perform any description of work, such as the building or repairing of a house, &c., for a stipulated amount. Cic. Div. ii. 21. Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 55. Liv. Hor.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Redimiculum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
REDIMI'CULUM. A long lappel, or fillet attached to the mitra (Isidor. Orig. xix. 31. 5. Virg. Aen. ix. 616.), or any other head-dress of similar character, for the purpose of fastening it under the chin (woodcuts s. MITRA, p. 426.), but the whole of which, when loose, would hang down over the shoulders and breast (Ov. Met. x. 265.), as shown by the annexed figure (Redimiculum/1.1) of Paris, from one of the Pompeian paintings.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Regula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
RE'GULA (κανῶν). A straight rule, used by carpenters, masons, artificers, and people in general, for drawing lines, or taking measurements (Vitruv. v. 3. Cic. ap. Non. s. Perpendiculum, p. 162.). The example (Regula/1.1) represents an original bronze rule, found in a mason's shop at Pompeii, which is divided into graduated parts, and made to shut up in half, by means of a hinge, similar to those now in use; but is moreover furnished with a stay at the back, indented by two notches, which slip under the heads of two small pins, and thus prevents the two halves from closing or yielding from the straight line whilst in use.
2. In a more general sense any long straight lath, or thin bar of wood or metal, for whatever purpose applied; and specially in the plural, the laths, within which the pulp of olives (samsa), or the husks of grapes (pes vinaceorum) were included, when placed under the press beam (prelum) to keep the entire mass under the action of the beam, and prevent the sides from bulging out beyond the centre where the force was pressed. Columell. xii. 52. 10. See the illustration s. TORCULAR, 1. which exhibits a basket (fiscina) employed, as was frequently the case (Id. xii. 39. 3.), instead of laths, for the same purpose.