OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Pathogenesis/Map

See also: Magazine Section - Mapping Parkinson's pathogenesis - all of it!
A Parkinson's Pathogenesis Map
The Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) in collaboration with the team of Hiroaki Kitano from the Systems Biology Institute (SBI), Tokyo, are developing a disease map of Parkinson’s disease – the so-called PD map.
The PD map is a knowledge repository established to describe the various possible mechanisms of PD by demonstrating the complex relationships between the genetic and environmental risk factors. It also serves as an interface to bioinformatics tools allowing exploration and updating of the contents of the map using standardized annotations. Another functionality of the map is visualization of large experimental datasets, allowing their analysis in the context of disease mechanisms. The map has reached substantial size and complexity. Keeping it up-to-date and refining it with limited resources is recognised by the authors to be a challenge. The PD map is seen as a crowd-sourcing project, where an interested and knowledgeable research community is engaged in solving a problem, similar to WikiPathways or Payao, but focused on disease-related mechanisms. The functionality already implemented allows users directly to send their feedback on the map contents.
The PD map is accessible through a web link and the results to date have been published in an open-access on-line article.
The PD map uses the Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN). The SBGN has three types of graphical language for creating three types of diagram: Process Description, Entity-Relationship and Activity Flow. The PD map is a Process Description diagram created with graphical symbols from the Process Description Language.
# Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Researching Parkinson's/Modelling PD

< Back to Researching Parkinson's
Sub pages: induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Rotenone Model, Animal Models
# Sage programming in plain view
## Sage in Linear Algebra

* Gauss Elimination Note (H1.pdf)
* Vector Space Note (H1.pdf)

## Sage in Abstract Algebra

go to [ Electrical_&_Computer_Engineering_Studies ]
# Sajem Tan/Conjunctions

As of June 24th 2016 there are seven conjunctions in Sajem Tan
xok > both
jo > both
mahn > clause
nu > both
tyk > clause
keh > both
ahn > both
# Salticid studies

This is a research project.

## Introduction and Goals

This project is aimed at advancing the state of knowledge of jumping spider (salticid) taxonomy, ecology, and ethology.

## Specific Topics

* First records of Hakka (Araneae: Salticidae) in North America
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/Dunn County Asylum for the Chronic Insane

bstaab22
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/Early Inhabitants of Dunn County

Introduction will eventually be moved here. Pages relating to this subject can be found underneath this statement:
Events from the appearance of the Ojibwe and Dakota-Sioux in the area of Dunn County from the starting of wars/feuds up until the treaty.(Steelek96)
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/History

FredTheMagician
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/Dunn County Asylum for the Chronic Insane/bstaab22

This page will give information about the Dunn County Asylum for the Chronic Insane. It discusses the building as a whole, it's affect on the town and why it was so influential and important at the time it was built.

## External Links

Google
# Robert Frost in Translation

The aim of this page is to present and compare translations of Robert Frost's poems in various languages. The main interest is how the translators managed to cope with different problems encountered while translating and represent both the form and content of the original poems.

## Languages

* German
* Italian
* Polish
* Russian
* Spanish

## See Also

* Wikipedia: Robert Frost
# Robert Frost in Translation/English
## List of Poems in English

Special:Prefixindex/Robert Frost in Translation/English/
# Robert Frost in Translation/English/Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost
Whose woods these are l think I know.
His house is in the village, though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark, and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

## Analysis

Read the analysis of the poem at Wikipedia: Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.

## See Also

* Robert Frost reading Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
* Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Randall Thompson sung by Chor Leoni
* A lecture on Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
# Robert Frost in Translation/Polish/Postój pod lasem

Postój pod lasem w śnieżną noc is a Polish translation of Robert Frost's Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Jarek Zawadzki.

## Postój pod lasem w śnieżną noc

Wiem czyje lasu są tego połacie.
Właściciel we wsi przecież mieszka w chacie,
Nie wie nic o tym, że teraz tu stoję,
Patrząc jak w śnieżniej się las kryje szacie.
A konia dziwi zachowanie moje,
Że drzew i stawu widokiem się koję
Na lodem skutym bezludziu, gdy wkoło
Noc wdziewa roku najciemniejsze stroje.
Trzęsie dzwonkami uprzęży wesoło,
Jakby chciał spytać: gdzie zajazd? gdzie sioło?
A śnieżnych płatków biała szumi rzeka
I wiatr owiewa lekko moje czoło.
Toń lasu piękna, ciemna i daleka;
Lecz wytrwać trzeba, gdy się coś przyrzeka.
A mil niemało przed snem jeszcze czeka,
A mil niemało przed snem jeszcze czeka.

## Analysis

In his translation, Zawadzki managed to perfectly recreate both the form and the rhyming pattern of Frost’s poem. In the first stanza the words chosen to create rhymes do not disturb the grammatical correctness of the sentences (like it happened in Janta-Połczyński’s translation), nor the content of the original. In the second stanza, the mood of the poem was adequately represented, though it is more metaphorical, especially the last verse Noc wdziewa roku najciemniejsze stroje. While Frost is quite straight forward and writes about The darkest evening of the year, Zawadzki changes the evening into a night, which puts on the darkest vesture of the year. Still, this personalization does not make much change to the stanza, and to the whole poem. Nevertheless, Zawadzki was not so successful in the third stanza. He had to add some words to maintain the rhyming pattern. First of all, in the translation the horse shakes his bells wesoło [happily], which is certainly not what happens in the original. The horse gives his harness bells a shake |To ask if there is some mistake, his behavior is a sign of concern rather than of happiness. Furthermore, in Frost’s poem snow falls easily while in the translation there is a river of snowflakes. Apparently, the evening in the translation is not so calm as in the original. Finally, in the last verse Zawadzki writes I wiatr owiewa lekko moje czoło [I feel a gentle wind on my forehead]. Czoło, as well as rzeka [river] were introduced to create the rhyme but apart from that, they also create a contrast between the third and fourth verse of the stanza. Because of the three additional words, the translation almost completely misrepresents the third stanza. Fortunately, Zawadzki saves his translation in the last stanza, where he recreates both the rhyming pattern (without introducing additional words), as well as the meaning and the mood of the poem.

## See Also

* Stanisław Barańczak Przystając pod lasem w śnieżny wieczór
* Aleksander Janta-Połczyński Zatrzymanie pod lasem w wieczór śnieżny
* Ludmiła MarjańskaPrzystając w lesie w śnieżny wieczór
* List of Russian Translations
# Robert Frost in Translation/Polish/Przystając pod lasem

Przystając pod lasem w śnieżny wieczór is a Polish translation of Robert Frost's poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Stanisław Barańczak.

## Przystając pod lasem w śnieżny wieczór

Wiem, czyj to las: znam właścicieli.
Ich dom jest we wsi; gdzieżby mieli
Dojrzeć mnie, gdy spoglądam w mroku
W ich las, po brzegi pełen bieli.
Koń nie wie, czemu go w pół kroku
Wstrzymałem: żadnych zagród wokół;
Las, lód, jeziora - tylko tyle
W ten najciemniejszy wieczór roku.
Dzwonkiem uprzęży koń co chwilę
Pyta, czy aby się nie mylę.
Tylko ten brzęk - i świst zawiei
W sypiącym gęsto białym pyle.
Ciągnie mnie w mroczną głąb tej kniei,
Lecz woła trzeźwy świat nadziei
I wiele mil od snu mnie dzieli,
I wiele mil od snu mnie dzieli.

## Analysis

Stanisław Brańczak succeeded in recreating the form and the rhyming pattern of Frost’s poem. His first two stanzas are very close in meaning to the original, apart from a slight change in the seventh verse, where he wrote Las, lód, jeziora - tylko tyle [woods, ice, lakes- nothing more]. It was introduced for technical reasons (to squeeze all the words in one line and to create a rhyme) and does not distract the mood or the meaning of the poem. Out of four translators who undertook translating the poem (Marjańska, Zawadzki, Janta-Połczyński, Brańczak), only Barańczak managed to avoid a direct question in the third stanza and implied an indirect speech, just like in the original. However, from this point his translation is not so successful. He substitutes the sweep | Of easy wind and downy flake with świst zawiei, destroying the calmness of the poem. Furthermore, the first two lines of his fourth stanza are much more metaphorical than in the original. To maintain the form, Brańczak decided to refer to the interpretation of the poem, and reveal the meaning hidden behind Frost’s words, rather than translate the lines of the poem.
# Robert Frost in Translation/Polish/Przystając w lesie

Przystając w lesie w śnieżny wieczór is a translation of Robert Frost's Stoping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Ludmiła Mariańska

## Przystając w lesie w śnieżny wieczór

Myślę, ze wiem, czyje to lasy.
On ze wsi mnie nie dojrzy; czasem
Przystaje tutaj, aby w oku
Utrwalić leśne śnieżne zaspy.
Mój koń zdziwiony patrzy z boku:
Przystawać, gdy farm nie ma wokół,
Tuż przy jeziora zmarzłej toni,
W lesie, w noc najciemniejsza roku?
Dzwonkiem uprzęży lekko dzwoni,
Pytając, czy pamiętam o nim.
Prócz tego dźwięku tylko jasne,
Puszyste płatki wietrzyk goni.
W lasach głęboka, piękną zima,
Lecz ja obietnic mam dotrzymać
I wiele mil przejść, zanim zasnę,
I wiele mil przejść, zanim zasnę.

## Analysis

In her translation, Mariańska quite successfully manages to keep the original rhymes, except of the triple rhyme in the last stanza. This however was compensated by rhyming zasnę with jasne in the third stanza. Taking that into account, it can be said that she succeeded in representing the complicated structure of Frost’s rhymes.
Nonetheless, in terms of the content the translation is not very faithful. In the first stanza the word czasem [sometimes] in czasem/ Przystaję tutaj [I sometimes stop here] slightly changes the perspective. Namely, it suggests that it is an action that is performed from time to time, while Frost does not mention that is has happened before. Although it was used to create a rhyme in the first stanza, it distorts the original meaning. A similar situation takes place in the case of the evening translated as noc [the night]. The evening anticipates the night, but there is still some time until it comes, we feel that something is going to happen but something can be done before that. In the translation the anticipation of something impending is lost, the night has already come. Because of that slight change the mood of the poem, which is very important in this case, was not represented. Moreover, the frequent use of diminutives in the translation create much more pastoral-like image than in the original.
Apart from those semantic distortions, the omission of dark in the description of the forest has significant consequences. The forest loses the, somehow hypnotizing, rather dangerous power, which drags people towards it. It becomes lovely and pleasant. Therefore, the allusion to death is not reflected in the translation, as well as the paradox of the “attractiveness” of death, which can liberate people from social promises and duties.

## See Also

* Stanisław Barańczak Przystając pod lasem w śnieżny wieczór
* Aleksander Janta-Połczyński Zatrzymanie pod lasem w wieczór śnieżny
* Jacek Zawadzki Postój pod lasem w śnieżną noc
* List of Russian Translations
# Robert's Rules of Order/Wright State University Lake Campus/Straw poll

The problem: An academic senate wishes that the administration be present for only a restricted amount of time. The question is how to democratically choose that time without lengthy discussion.
Solution: At the end of each meeting, faculty members circle their preferred time-allotment from a list of suggested time intervals, as shown in the box to the right. The president then places the median time on the next meeting's agenda.
Implementation: There is no need for a suspension of the rules if this is an informal agreement to conduct a straw poll after the meeting is adjourned. The poll carries no weight because the agenda is made by the president and can be amended at the beginning of the next meeting.

## Constraints imposed by the bylaws and Robert's rules

The bylaws cannot be changed unilaterally by many faculty senates. For our purposes, motions passed by the senate are effectively limited to
* Statements of intent: It is the will of the senate that ...
* Letters or messages: Dear sir, we invite ...
* The agenda for the current meeting (The agenda may be modified by the senate at any time).
All of these motions are easily rescinded, the first two by simple majority vote.

## Links

* Wikiversity: Robert's Rules of Order (short and sweet)
* Wikipedia:Robert's Rules of Order (long and boring)

## Outcome of experiment

This represented an actual situation that occurred in an October 2015 meeting at WSU-Lake Campus. The senate selected 10 minutes for the next meeting. But instead of holding a straw vote after every meeting, it will probably prove better to hold one only if evidence for a need to change this limit emerges.

## Footnotes and references

* ↑ If the senate votes to approve the agenda during the meeting, changing the agenda requires a 2/3 supermajority. It is common practice to not formally adopt the agenda, in which case changes to the agenda require a simple majority.
# Robert Frost in Translation/Polish
## List of Poems Translated into Polish

* Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
# Robert Frost in Translation/Polish/Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
## Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

Whose woods these are l think I know.
His house is in the village, though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fili up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark, and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

## List of Polish Translations

* Stanisław Barańczak Przystając pod lasem w śnieżny wieczór
* Aleksander Janta-Połczyński Zatrzymanie pod lasem w wieczór śnieżny
* Ludmiła MarjańskaPrzystając w lesie w śnieżny wieczór
* Jacek Zawadzki Postój pod lasem w śnieżną noc
# Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt theorem

Given a Lie algebra ${\mathfrak {g}}$ and an ordered basis of it , the Poincare-Birhkoff-Witt theorem constructs a basis for its universal envelopping algebra $U({\mathfrak {g}})$, called the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW for short) basis, consisting of the lexographically ordered monomials of the basis elements. This theorem is fundamental in representation theory. It gives an concrete description of $U({\mathfrak {g}})$; And, with a polarisation of ${\mathfrak {g}}$, also a tensor product decomposition of $U({\mathfrak {g}})$.

## Exercise

Write out the PBW basis for sl2.
# Poetry/Practice/You Disturbed Me

I was in the corridor when I heard a thud… Minutes later I picked up a note …it read:
Why did you have to disturb me as I read my poems? Why did you just come into my room and disrupt my thoughts? I was seated on the bed – in the room – alone! Why did you come? I was reading silently – absorbing thoughts – seeing minds at work and you came with your mouth – humming and shouting. Why did you come?
I needed space. I wanted time to be alone. I didn’t want visitors. You came. Why?
You disturbed me. It was your fault. I wouldn’t have harmed you if you respected my privacy. I wouldn’t even have touched you! You went around touching things in the room – without permission! And you made a lot of noise.
I wasn’t even angry when I killed you. I was just a little irritated. And I didn’t hit you badly – just one simple blow. My aim was to silence you – but not silence you forever. Forgive me! I ask for forgiveness!
It was just a single blow then you cried… then you stopped…
Why did you have to die? Forgive me… but you... you are dead …you can’t even forgive me – I just hope guys will understand me:
I killed you because you disturbed me …you silly wasp!
# Poetry/Victorian poetry

Please see Template_talk:Unit_boilerplate for more information.

## Unit Summary

* Course code: ALTG???
* Suggested Prerequisites:
* Time investment:
* Assessment suggestions:
* Faculty: Arts
* School: School:Language and Literature
* Department: Topic:Literary Studies
* Stream
* Level:

## Content summary

Poetry during the reign of Queen Victoria. The major poets were Mathew arnold, alfred lord tennyson and robert browning. they represented the three phrase of this era. mathew arnold's poetry best represented the so called victorian dilema which emerged out among the people as a result of darwin's orgin of species thus people loosing faith in god. alfred lord tennyson aws in between arnold and browning. while browning was a total optimist

### Poets

* Elizabeth Barrett Browning
* Robert Browning
* Alfred Tennyson
* Emily Bronte
* Dante Gabriel Rossetti
* Christina Rossetti
* Matthew Arnold
* W.B. Yeats
* Thomas Hardy
* Rudyard Kipling
* william_morris
As with other pages, this is being updated. Please be patient.
Questions/Suggestions?

## Unit materials

* Study guide:

### Assignments
## Active participants

* Atrivedi
* Historymaking101
# Poetry/Psychedelic Poetry

It is the authors' belief that a psychedelic experience can be had without the use of mind-altering substances. This course does not in any way advocate the use of such substances by anyone.
Psychedelic poetry is any combination of poetry with the psychedelic experience. Psychedelic poetry can be broken down into three forms:
* Author-subject: Poetry written during a psychedelic experience, or about a psychedelic experience after the fact.
* Reader-subject: Poetry intended to be read during a psychedelic experience.
* Self-subject: Poetry wherein the poem itself is a psychedelic experience.
This kind of poetry, like all poetry, cannot be diagnosed based on the words of the author, due to the intentional fallacy. In order to determine whether poetry is psychedelic, it becomes necessary to conduct psychedelic criticism.

## Topics

* Craft of the psychedelic poem
* Foundations for psychedelic criticism
* Writing psychedelic criticism

## Projects

* Write a psychedelic poem. Because psychedelic poetry is in many ways a new field, it is very difficult to find public-domain psychedelic poems. Therefore your psychedelic poetry written here may be used as an example in this course.
* Write psychedelic criticism. Critique any poem for its psychedelic aspects.
# Poetry/Practice/Who are you?

This learning project aims to explore more the answers and effects to the question "Who are you ?"

## The Question of Identity

→ What are the different ways in which one can answer the question "who am I"? How can one answer this question other than with a name? Remember when attempting to answer that a personal description of qualities answers more the question "what am I". To answer the question is it unavoidable to involve other questions; is this question valid; is the answer a record of deeds or personality-- what purpose does identity serve? What can we gain from answering this question; if better understanding is possible, how are this understanding useful?
I would like to know... who are you?
99.179.102.74 00:52, 23 July 2008 (UTC) ...?
    As you indicate there are many many ways (should I say infinite?) to answer "Who are you?" (even with untrue/not verifyable/not understandable information, ... not answering also provides info to you), so I interpret this "you" as a question to me and not to WV (more info about WV at Help:Contents):
    I am someone taking the time to read what you wrote
    I am someone who has a mother and father
    I am someone writing here something what you then perhaps read
    I am someone who has 2 arms
    I am someone motivating you to contribute to the learning resource Who are you?
    I am someone who breathes
    I am someone annoying others and losing time with this text
    I am someone who may continue later on here
    I am someone who may not continue later on here
    I am someone from Example country
    These characteristics above I can share with one or more persons on this earth.
    What I gain from answering this ? I believe - on short term - your question helped me to think more. About what ? me ? others? useful/unuseful things ? useful/unuseful for whom ? other things I don't know yet ? Sorry, if I didn't answer all your questions.
    May I ask: Who you are and why you are interested in this question ?
    You can answer this on your userpage if you like - after registering. ----Erkan Yilmaz uses the Wikiversity:Chat (try) 16:19, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
       You may also be interested in these lecture notes on Social self - it offers a 'social' perspective on the self, i.e., that the self is at least partly a function of our social environments, groups, etc. i.e., a social identity. -- Jtneill - Talk - c 11:08, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
# Poetry/Romantic poetry
## Content summary

This course covers the reading of both British and American Romantic Poetry and will include essays on assigned writers or poems.
This page is still being updated, please be patient. Soon, I will add readings and links under poets names and possibly more poets. Feel free to suggest!
Questions?

## Unit materials

* Study guide:

### Texts

* Wikipedia article on Romanticism

## Poets

British:
* William Wordsworth
* Samuel Taylor Coleridge
* William Blake
* George Gordon, Lord Byron
* Percy Bysshe Shelley
* John Keats
American:
* Ralph Waldo Emerson
* Edgar Allan Poe
* Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
* Walt Whitman
# Physics (GCSE)

A brief overview of GCSE level Physics. This course aims to be applicable to any Exam specification and is focused on aligning with the UK National Curriculum. This is a collaborative course, feel free to add or improve any aspect of it.

## Units

* Energy
* Electricity
* Matter
* Radioactivity
* Forces
* Waves
* Magnetism
* Space
* Maths skills

## Exam specifications

The popular exam specifications for assessing GCSE Physics are:
* AQA
* Edexcel
* OCR

## Useful free resources

* BBC Bitesize
* Seneca

## See Also

* Wikipedia: General Certificate of Secondary Education
# Physics (A-level)/Capacitors and exponential decay
## Capacitance

A capacitor is a passive electrical component capable of storing electrical charge. This produces electrical potential energy. A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. Capacitance is defined as the charge stored per unit voltage, deriving the equation: C=Q/V Where C is the capacitance measured in Faradays(F), Q is the charge measured in Amps(A) and V is the voltage of potential difference measured in volts(V). 1F is very large value. More common magnitudes are: picofarads(pF), nanofarads(nF) and microfarads(μF). Micheal Faraday

## Links

Back to Physics (A-level)