OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trigonum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIGO'NUM (τρίγωνον). A triangular piece of marble, tile, or some artificial composition, used for inlaying patterns in a mosaic pavement of the class termed sectile (Vitruv. vii. 1. 4. PAVIMENTUM, 2.), as shown by the border round the four sides of the illustration (Trigonum/1.1), which represents a piece of pavement on the threshold of the principal entrance to one of the houses at Pompeii.
2. A musical instrument of triangular form, with all its strings of the same thickness, but of unequal lengths (Plat. Rep. 399. C. Soph. Fragm. 361. Athen. iv. 77. Ib. 80.), and which, it is to be inferred from the figure on the left side of the illustration (Trigonum/2.1), copied from a Pompeian painting, was carried on the shoulder when played. The word does not occur in the present sense in any of the extant Latin authors; nor is it clear whether they, or the Greeks, made use of the same term to designate our triangle, which seems probable, since that instrument was not unknown to them, as is proved by the figure on the right side of the engraving, copied from a marble bas relief formerly belonging to the Giustiniani family at Rome, upon which a party of several females are represented playing upon different musical instruments — the triangle here introduced, the rattle termed crotalum, the tympanum, or tambourine, and the double pipes, or tibiae pares.
* Trigonum/1.1
* Trigonum/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trilix

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIL'IX (τρίμιτος). Twilled of three threads thick; that is, in which each thread of the weft (subtemen) is passed in the weaving over one and then under three threads of the warp (stamen), which requires three sets of leashes (licia), and produces a ribbed pattern. Mart. xiv. 143.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Triloris

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRILO'RIS. A hybrid word, half Greek and half Latin, which means, literally, furnished with three thongs; but it is used to designate a garment brocaded with a triple set of ornamental stripes or other pattern, termed paragundae, as explained under that word. Aurel. Vopisc. 46.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trimodia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIMOD'IA and -UM. A basket or other vessel containing the measure of three Roman pecks (modii). Columell. ii. 99. Plaut. Men. Prol. 14.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Triobolus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIOB'OLUS (τριόβολος). A silver coin of the Greek currency (Plaut. Bacch. ii. 3. 26.); containing three oboli, or half a drachma. It was coined, however, of two standards; the Attic, worth about 4¾d. of our money, and the Aeginetan, which was nearly equal to 6¾d.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tripetia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIPET'IA. A term used in the patois of the Gauls, signifying a three-legged stool. Sulp. Sever. Dial. ii.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tripudium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIPUD'IUM. A term used in divination to indicate that the food was so greedily eaten by the sacred chickens, that part of it fell from their beaks and struck the ground, which was regarded as a sign of good omen. Cic. Div. ii. 34.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tripus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIP'US (τρίπους). Generally, any thing supported on three feet or legs; whence the following characteristic senses: —
1. A cauldron or vessel for boiling eatables of any description, which stood upon three legs over the fire, as exhibited by the annexed illustration (Tripus/1.1) from a picture representing a scene in the market-place of Herculaneum. Isidor. Orig. xx. 8. 5. Hom. Il. xxiii. 702. τρίπους ἐμπυριβήτης.
2. A common three-legged stool, such as poor people used to sit upon. Isidor. Orig. xx. 11. 12. Sulp. Sev. Dial. 11.
3. The tripod, or stool of the Pythian priestess, upon which she sat to deliver her responses at Delphi (Cic. Virg. Ov.); of which the annexed figure (Tripus/3.1) is given in the plates of Müller's Handbuch der Archäologie der Kunst, as an accurately detailed representation; and a fictile vase of Sir W. Hamilton's collection exhibits a tripod of very similar character, with Apollo sitting upon it.
4. An article made of bronze, marble, or precious metals, in imitation of the sacred tripod, either for ornament or use; often dedicated as an offering in the temples or given as an honorary prize and reward of valour (Virg. Aen. v. 110.); or used as an altar for sacrifice, like the annexed example (Tripus/4.1) from the arch erected by the Roman goldsmiths in honour of Septimius Severus.
* Tripus/1.1
* Tripus/3.1
* Tripus/4.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Triremis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIRE'MIS (τριήρης). A trireme or war-galley furnished with tree banks (ordines) of oars on each side, disposed diagonally one over the other (Plin. H. N. vii. 57. Virg. Aen. v. 119. Ascon. in Verr. ii. 1. 20.), as exhibited by the annexed figure (Triremis/1.1), from an ancient fresco-painting, representing the flight of Paris and Helen, discovered in the early part of the past century amongst some ruins in the Farnese gardens at Rome, but no longer in existence, as the colours evaporated shortly after it was exposed. (Turnbull, Treatise on Ancient Painting, &c fol. 1740.) A similar arrangement of the three banks of oars is also indicated in some of the sculptures on Trajan's column. In a trireme each rower plied a single oar, and sat upon a separate seat (sedile), fixed against the sides of the vessel in the directions indicated by the oar-ports, and not upon a long thwart (transtrum), as was the case when several worked upon the same oar. Those on the top bank had the longest oars, the most labour, and consequently the largest pay: they were termed θρανῖται by the Greeks, the oar they used κώπη θρανίτης, and the thowl on which it rested σκαλμός θρανίτης. Those on the lowest rank had the shortest oars, least work, and lowest pay: they were termed θαλαμίται. Those who occupied the middle bank were termed ζευγίται, and had their oars of a medium length, and their pay regulated accordingly.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trispastos

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRISPAS'TOS (τρίσπαστος). A mechanical contrivance employed for the purpose of raising heavy weights, consisting of three pullies (orbiculi) set in a single frame or case (trochlea) in the manner exhibited by the annexed figure (Trispastos/1.1), which represents a similar machine still in common use at the present day. Vitruv. x. 2. 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tritura

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRITU'RA (ἀλόησις). The act of threshing out corn, which was done in three several ways; by beating out the grain with a rod or a flail (pertica, fustis); rubbing it out with a machine drawn over it by cattle (tribulum, and wood-cut s. v.); or by treading it out with oxen or horses driven round the threshing-floor in the manner exhibited by the annexed engraving (Tritura/1.1) from an Egyptian painting, which is still customary in many parts of Italy and the East. Varro, L. L. v. 21. Id. R. R. i. 52. 2. Columell. ii. 20. 4. Id. i. 6. 23.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Triumphalia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIUMPHA'LIA. The ornaments and insignia conferred upon a general at his triumph; consisting of an embroidered toga and tunic (TOGA, 4., picta, and TUNICA, 14., palmata), a sceptre with the image of an eagle on its top (SCEPTRUM, 4.), a chaplet of laurel leaves and a crown of gold (CORONA, 1.), and a car decorated with ivory carving (CURRUS, 4.). Tac. Hist. iv. 4. Liv. x. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trivium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRIV'IUM (τρίοδος). A spot where three streets or roads meet from opposite directions. (Cic. Div. i. 54.) When strictly applied, the term has a more especial reference to the streets of a town (Virg. Aen. iv. 609. Justin. xxi. 5.), as opposed to compitum (Cic. Agr. i. 3.), which refers to the convergence of cross-roads in the country. But this distinction is not rigorously observed; for trivium is often used in both senses, of a public and much-frequented highway, either in a town or country; whence the Latin word trivialis, and our own "trivial," acquire their secondary meanings of vulgar or common-place; that is, literally, which may be met with in any public and thronged thoroughfare. The illustration (Trivium/1.1) affords a view in the city of Pompeii, with three streets, in the second distance, converging to a point.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trochilus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TROCH'ILUS (τροχίλος). Same as SCOTIA Vitruv. iii. 5. 2. and 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trochlea

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TROCH'LEA (τροχιλέα). A contrivance for the multiplication of mechanical power in raising weights, consisting of a case with a set of blocks or pullies (orbiculi) fitted into it. (Vitruv. x. 2. 1. Cato, R. R. iii. 5. Lucret. iv. 903.) See the illustration s. TRISPASTOS, which exhibits a case furnished with three pullies.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trochus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TROCH'US (τροχός). A boy's hoop; made of iron or bronze, and trundled by a crooked-necked key (clavis), as exhibited by the annexed illustration (Trochus/1.1), from an engraved gem. (Hor. Od. iii. 24. 57. Id. A. P. 380. Prop. iii. 14. 6.) It frequently had a number of small rings set round its rim (Mart. xiv. 169., and wood-cut s. ANULUS, 4.), to make a jingling noise, as it rolled on; and sometimes small bells (tintinnabula) are seen instead of rings.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tropaeum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TROPAE'UM (τρόπαιον). A trophy; a monument erected on the spot where a victory had been obtained; or, in the case of naval warfare, upon the nearest point of land to where the action had taken place. It was originally formed with the trunk of a tree, upon which and its branches some arms belonging to the defeated party were suspended, as in the illustration (Tropaeum/1.1), from an Imperial coin; but latterly trophies were designed as elaborate works of art, in marble or bronze, and erected apart from the battle-field, as permanent mementoes of the contest. Cic. Inv. ii. 23. Virg. Aen. xi. 5 — 11. Suet. Cal. 45. Claud. 1.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trua

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRUA (τρυήλα, τορύνη). A large flat ladle employed for skimming the surface of liquids, for stirring and moving vegetables or meats when boiling (Titin. ap. Non. s. v. p. 19. Festus, s. Antroare), or for removing them from the pot, without taking up the water at the same time. With this object, it was perforated by a number of small holes at the bottom, as represented by the annexed example (Trua/1.1), from an original of bronze found at Pompeii; and this property, as well as the manner of using it, accounts fully for the Greek names it received, and with which the Latin one is connected, τρύω, to rub or stir, and τορέω, to bore; one or the other of which notions are found to pervade, and to convey a characteristic meaning to the other special senses of the word trua, as well as its diminutive trulla.
2. A perforated cap or plate covering the mouth of a sink in the kitchen, &c., in order to prevent the refuse from choking the pipe, while it permits the liquid to drain through it. Varro, L. L. v. 118.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trulla

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRULLA (τρουλλίον). Diminutive of TRUA. A small perforated ladle of the same use and character as the last described. Varro, L. L. v. 118. Hero, de Spirit. p. 101.
2. (τρύβλιον). Either used separately, or with the epithet vinaria. A drinking-cup, or table utensil employed for taking the wine out of a larger recipient, which contained a quantity mixed with snow. It was a species of cyathus of an improved character, being furnished with an inner case perforated as a strainer, and fitting into the hollow bowl of the cup, so that when fitted together the two would form but one body, which might be conveniently dipped into the larger vessel, and filled; when, by removing the perforated case, any sediment or impurity deposited by the snow would be removed with it from the pure liquid left in the bowl. (Cic. Verr. ii. 4. 27. Varro, L. L. v. 118. Plin. H. N. xxxvii. 7. Scaev. Dig. 34. 2. 37.) The illustration (Trulla/2.1) represents an original found at Pompeii, with a section of the perforated case in its bowl on the right. The material is bronze; but the same utensil was also made in common earthenware (Hor. Sat. ii. 3. 144.), as well as porcelain (Plin. l. c.), and pietre dure (Cic. l. c.).
3. The pan of a night-chair (Juv. iii. 107.); probably so termed when consisting of a double case, constructed upon the same principle as the vessel last described.
4. A fire-basket made of iron (Liv. xxxvii. 11.), in which ignited matter could be transferred from place to place; and so termed from the perforations drilled in its sides to create a draught of air, like the example (Trulla/4.1) on the next page, representing an earthenware trulla, discovered in an excavation near Rome, which, when found, had a lamp inside it.
5. A trowel used by bricklayers for laying the mortar between bricks (Isidor. Orig. xix. 18. 3.), and by plasterers for laying on and smoothing the stucco upon walls (Pallad. i. 15. Ib. 13. 2.). The illustration (Trulla/5.1) represents an original found amongst other building implements in a house at Pompeii. This sense of the word trulla arises from the Greek τρύω, in allusion to the manner of using the instrument; connected, perhaps, with its resemblance to a ladle (TRUA, 1); for it will be observed that the ancient trowel, as exhibited by the example, has a form very different from our own, having a flat blade otherwise shaped like a spoon, precisely like the plasterer's trowel now used at Naples, which is called a plasterer's spoon — cucchiaja da fabricatore.
* Trulla/2.1
* Trulla/4.1
* Trulla/5.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trulleum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRULL'EUM or TRULL'IUM. A slop-pail; used by the ancients to receive the dirty water in places where several persons washed their hands at the same time. The object is repeatedly mentioned by Cato, and always in conjunction with other vessels employed in washing, such as hand and foot-basins, &c.; and doubtless resembled in constructive principle the pails commonly used in our dressing-rooms, which have a perforated plate at the top, through which the dirty water is poured without splashing, while it serves, at the same time, to conceal the unsightly appearance of the contents from the person using it. Varro, L. L. v. 118. Id. de Vit. P. R. ap. Non. s. v. p. 547. Cato, R. R. x. 2. xi. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trullissatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRULLISSA'TIO. A plastering of cement laid on with the trowel (trulla). Vitruv. vii. 3. 5. TRULLA, 5.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Trutina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRUT'INA (τρυτάνη). A general term for any kind of balance used for weighing; sometimes indicating the steel-yard (Vitruv. x. 3, 4. STATERA); at others, a pair of scales (Juv. vi. 437. LIBRA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tryblium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TRYB'LIUM (τρύβλιον). A table utensil (Varro, L. L. v. 120. Plaut. Stich. v. 4. 9.); the precise character of which is not ascertained.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tuba

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TUB'A (σάλπιγξ). A wind instrument made of bronze, with a funnel or bell-shaped mouth, and straight tube (Ov. Met. 1. 98. Juv. ii. 118. Veg. Mil. iii. 5.), like our trumpet, giving out very loud and interrupted notes (fractos sonitus, Virg. Georg. iv. 72. terribili sonitu taratantara dixit. Ennius ap. Prisc. viii. 842.) The example (Tuba/1.1) is from the arch of Titus.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tubicen

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TUB'ICEN (σαλπιγκτής). A trumpeter who blows the tuba (Varro, L. L. v. 91. Ov. Met. iii. 705.), as exhibited by the annexed figure (Tubicen/1.1), from a bas-relief on the arch of Constantine. Trumpeters were always included in the brass band of the army (Liv. ii. 64.); amongst the musicians who performed at religious ceremonies (Varro, L. L. v. 117.); and at funeral solemnities (Pers. iii. 103.); whence the expression ad tubicines mittere (Pet. Sat. 129. 7.) means to prepare for death.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tucetum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TUCE'TUM. A savoury dish composed of beef, or pork, and lard potted down. Pers. ii. 42. Schol. Vet. ad l.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tudes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TUD'ES and -IS. An antiquated name for a mallet. Festus, s. v. Sever. Aetn. 559. MALLEUS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Tudicula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
TUDIC'ULA. Diminutive of TUDES; a machine for bruising olives, and separating the fleshy part of the berries from the stone, previous to placing them under the press (torcular), by which the oil was squeezed out. Its action was similar to that of a TRIBULUM, working in an upright, instead of horizontal direction (Columell. xii. 52. 7.); but the machine is objected to by Columella, as liable to get out of order, or to have its action impeded by very trifling circumstances; such as that of throwing in only a few berries over the proper quantity. At Mongres, in France, olives are bruised by instruments called battoirs; the name and operation of which are believed to exhibit genuine traces of the Roman tudicula. Schneider. ad Columell. l. c. Id. de trapeto Catonis, p. 617.