OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Claviger

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLA'VIGER (κορυνήτης). Armed with a club; or with a mace. The club is well known as one of the weapons used by Hercules, whence he is distinguished by the epithet claviger (Ov. Met. xv. 22.); but in early times, and amongst many of the nations of antiquity, it was employed in warfare, as by the Dacians, on the Column of Trajan, and by the rustic inhabitants of Latium in their contests with the Trojans, in the miniatures of the Vatican Virgil, from one of which the annexed figure (Claviger/1.1) is copied. The example under CLAVA, 4. shows the club in its improved form of a mace; and illustrates the word claviger, in the sense of a mace-bearer.
2. (κλειδοῦχος). Bearing a key; an epithet given by the Romans to Janus, because he was supposed to be the guardian and overseer of all men's doors (Ovid, Fast. i. 228. Macrob. Sat. i. 9.); and by the Greeks to Cupid (Wink. Mon. Ined. 32.), which implied that he had the power of opening and shutting the abodes of Love; but more especially to Hecate triformis, as the goddess who kept the keys of Hades, and who is represented in the annexed engraving (Claviger/2.1), from a small bronze statue.
* Claviger/1.1
* Claviger/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clavulus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLA'VULUS. Diminutive of CLAVUS; probably, also, a nail without a head (Cato, R. R. xxi. 3.); as clavulus capitatus (Varro, R. R. ii. 9. 15.), a small-headed nail.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clepsydra

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLEPSYD'RA (κλεψύδρα). An hour-glass, originally employed by the Greeks, and subsequently adopted at Rome, for the purpose of measuring the time allowed to each speaker in a court of law. (Plin. Ep. ii. 11.) These glasses were made of different sizes, according to the length of time for which they were required to run; and did not differ materially from the modern ones, with the exception of being filled with water instead of sand, as may be collected from the description of Apuleius (Met. iii. p. 44.), and still more from the example annexed (Clepsydra/1.1), which is copied from a bas-relief of the Mattei palace at Rome. The one described by Aristotle (Probl. xvi. 8.) was similar in principle, but had a sort of spout at the top for pouring in the water, which trickled out at the bottom, through several small holes.
2. Probably, also a water-clock of sufficient size to run for a number of hours, and answer the purpose of a day and night clock; the lapse of time being indicated by lines or spaces (spatia. Sidon. Apoll. Ep. ii. 9.) described upon the globe from which the water escaped, or upon the reservoir into which it flowed. Pliny (H. N. vii. 60.) gives the name horologium to a device of this nature.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clibanarii

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLIBANA'RII. The name used to designate those of the Persian cavalry, whose horses, as well as the troopers, were covered with an entire suit of defensive armour (Ammian. xvi. 10. 8. ib. 12. 22. Lamprid. Alex. Sev. 56.); compare CATAPHRACTUS, 1. and illustration.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clibanicius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLIBANIC'IUS, sc. panis (κλιβανίτις). Bread baked in a clibanus. Isidor. Orig. xx. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clibanus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLI'BANUS (κλίβανος or κρίβανος). A covered vessel, made wider at bottom than top (Columell. v. 10. 4.), and pierced all round with small holes (Dioscor. ii. 81. and 96.); employed for various purposes, but more especially for baking bread. (Plin. H. N. xix. 3.) When in use, it was enveloped in hot ashes, the warmth of which penetrated through the perforations in a more regular and even temperature than could be produced by the ordinary oven. The usual material was earthenware; but when Trimalchio has his bread baked in a silver clibanus (Pet. Sat. 35. 6.), it is intended as an instance of ridiculous ostentation.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clinicus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLIN'ICUS (κλινικός). A visiting physician, who attends his patients at the bed-side. Mart. Ep. ix. 97.
2. A sick person confined to his bed. Hieron. Epist. 105. n. 5.
3. Same as VESPILLO; who carried out the dead upon a bier or couch. Mart. Ep. iii. 93. Id. i. 31.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clinopus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLI'NOPUS (κλινόπους). The foot of a bedstead. (Lucil. ap. Macrob. Sat. vi. 4.) The ancient bedsteads were commonly supported upon four legs, like our own, as in the illustration (Clinopus/1.1), from a Pompeian painting.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clipeatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLIPEA'TUS (ἀσπιδηφόρος). Armed or furnished with the large round Grecian shield (clipeus), as shown by the example (Clipeatus/1.1) from a Greek fictile vase. Virg. Aen. vii. 793. Ovid. Met. iii. 110. Curt. vii. 9.
2. Clipeatus chlamyde. Having the left arm covered with the chlamys instead of a shield (Pacuv. ap. Non. s. v. Clypeat. p. 87.), as represented by the annexed figure (Clipeatus/2.1), from a fictile vase; in which manner Alcibiades is stated by Plutarch to have tried to protect himself in the combat when he lost his life.
3. Clipeata imago. A portrait engraved or painted upon a clipeus. (Cic. ap. Macrob. Sat. ii. 3.) See CLIPEUS, 3.
* Clipeatus/1.1
* Clipeatus/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clipeolum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLIPE'OLUM (ἀσπίδιον). Diminutive of CLIPEUS. Hygin. Fab. 139.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clitellae

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLITEL'LAE (κανθήλια). The pack-saddle upon which paniers were carried; and thence also a pair of panniers; whence only used in the plural number. (Hor. Sat. i. 5. 47. Phaedr. i. 15.) The illustration (Clitellae/1.1) is from an engraved chrystal in the Florentine Gallery.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clitellarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLITELL'ARIUS (κανθήλιος). A beast which carries paniers, as in the preceding illustration. Cato, R. R. x. 1. Columell. ii. 22. 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cloacarium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLOACA'RIUM. The sewers-rate; a tax which was levied for the expenses of cleansing and repairing the sewers. Ulp. Dig. 7. 1. 27. Paul. Dig. 30. 39.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cloaca

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLOA'CA (ὑπόνομος). A large subterranean canal, constructed of masonry or brickwork, for the purpose of carrying off the rain waters from the streets of a town, and the impurities from private houses, which were discharged through it into some neighbouring river, thus answering to our sewer and drain. (Liv. i. 38. Cic. Caecin. 13. Hor. Sat. ii. 3. 242. Strabo, v. 8. p. 197. ed. Siebenk.) The illustration (Cloaca/1.1) represents a street view in Pompeii, with the embouchures of two drains under the pavement, and shows the manner in which the rain waters entered them.
2. Cloaca Maxima. A main sewer, which received the contents of several tributary branches, and conducted them in one channel to the river. But the name is also specially given to the great sewer of Rome, which was made by the elder Tarquin for the purpose of draining off the stagnant waters of the Velabra, and low lands between the Palatine and Capitoline hills, in order to provide an area for laying out the race-course, or Circus Maximus, and the Forum. A considerable portion of this great work is still in existence, after a lapse of more than 2000 years. It consists of three concentric arches of masonry, put together without cement, and in the style called Etruscan, as shown by the annexed elevation (Cloaca/2.1), which represents the embouchure where it opens upon the Tiber, near the Sublician bridge, and part of the adjacent wall, which formed the substruction of the quay termed pulchrum littus. The smallest, or innermost arch, is between 13 and 14 feet in diameter; each of the blocks composing the arch is 5 feet 10 inches wide, and rather more than 3 feet 3 inches high; the whole being composed of the dark volcanic stone (tufa Litoide. Brocchi, Suolo di Roma.), which forms the basis of the Capitoline hill, and was the common building material during the periods ascribed to the early kings. A design showing the construction of the underground part is exhibited at p. 41. s. ANTERIDES. Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 24. 3. Dionys. iii. 67.
* Cloaca/1.1
* Cloaca/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cloacula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLOA'CULA. Diminutive of CLOACA; a branch sewer communicating with the main duct. Lamprid. Heliog. 17.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clostellum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLOSTEL'LUM. Diminutive of CLOSTRUM. Either the key-hole of a lock; or, perhaps, the box-hasp into which the bolt of a lock shoots; and which would leave a crevice between itself and a door which did not fit close, so that a person might see through it, as mentioned by Petronius, Sat. 140. 11. Compare Senec. Ben. vii. 21.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clostrum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLOSTRUM. For CLAUSTRUM. In a general sense, any fastening like a lock (Cato, R. R. xiii. 3. Id. CXXXV. 2.); but, more definitively, the box into which a lock shoots. Senec. Ben. vii. 21.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cluden

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLU'DEN. A sword used by actors upon the Roman stage, the blade of which receded into the handle immediately upon meeting with any resistance, and so produced the effect of stabbing without danger. (Apul. Apol. p. 526.) A device of the same kind is resorted to by modern actors; but the reading in Apuleius is not certain, and the interpretation is conjectural.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clunabulum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLUNAB'ULUM or CLUNAC'ULUM. A small sword, or rather dagger, so called because it was worn at the back, just over the buttocks (clunes), as shown in the annexed example (Clunabulum/1.1), from the Column of Trajan. Aul. Gell. x. 25. Isidor. Orig. xviii. 6. 6.
2. The same name was also given to the knife of the cultrarius, with which he ripped up the entrails of victims at the sacrifice (Festus, s. v.); and which was carried in the same manner by a strap round the loins, as shown by the annexed figure (Clunabulum/2.1), representing one of these servants, from a Pompeian painting.
* Clunabulum/1.1
* Clunabulum/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clysterium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLYSTE'RIUM (κλυστήριον). Diminutive of the preceding. Scrib. Compos. 118.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Clyster

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CLYSTER (κλυστήρ). A syringe; especially such as was used for injecting fluids into the body. Suet. Claud. 44. Plin. H. N. xxxi. 33.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cnodax

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CNODAX (κνώδαξ). A pin or pivot, affixed to the extreme ends of an axle or cylinder, and run into a socket, so as to form a support which will enable the axle to revolve. Vitruv. x. 2. 12.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coactilis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COAC'TILIS, sc. lana (πιλητός or πιλωτός). Felt or felted cloth; that is, wool matted together by repeated manipulation and pressure until it forms a consistent texture, like a piece of cloth. Plin. H. N. viii. 73. Edict. Dioclet. p. 21. Ulp. Dig. 34. 2. 26.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coactores

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COACTO'RES (πράκτορες). Receivers or collectors of taxes, duties, &c. Cic. Rab. Post. 11. Hor. Sat. i. 6. 86.
2. The rear-guard of an army, or the body of troops who brought up the rear in a line of march. Tac. Hist. ii. 68.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coactus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COAC'TUS. Same as COACTILIS. Plin. H. N. viii. 73. Caes. B. C. iii. 44.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coagulum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COAG'ULUM (πυετία). Rennet; i. e. anything used in curdling milk; for which the concreted milk found in the stomachs of suckling animals, the milky moisture contained in the stomach of a pig, as well as the stomach itself, and vinegar, was commonly employed by the Romans. (Varro, R. R. ii. 11. 4. Plin. H. N. xxiii. 63.) Hence, also, curdled milk (Plin. H. N. xxviii. 45.); and cheese. Ovid. Fast. iv. 545.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coassatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COASSA'TIO (σανίδωμα). Any thing made of boards joined together, as the flooring of a house (Vitruv. vi. 6.), or the deck of a ship. Theophrast.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coa vestis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COA VESTIS. The Coan robe: which was of the finest texture, and almost transparent; so that the forms of the wearers were readily apparent through the drapery, which only partially concealed them. It was, therefore, chiefly worn by females addicted to pleasure, such as singing and dancing girls, one of whom is represented in the engraving (Coa_Vestis/1.1), from a Pompeian painting. Plin. H. N. xi. 26. Propert. iv. 5. 55. Ov. A. Am. ii. 298. Hor. Sat. i. 2. 101.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cochlearium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COCHLEA'RIUM. A place where snails were bred and fattened; which were considered as a delicacy by the Roman epicures, being imported from different parts, to be reared and fed in these home nurseries. (Varro, R. R. iii. 12. 2. Ib. 14. 1. Plin. H. N. ix. 82.) The ridiculous Trimalchio has them served up to table upon silver grid-irons. Pet. Sat. 70. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cochlear

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COCH'LEAR and COCHLEA'RE (κοχλιάριον). A spoon with a bowl at one end, and a sharp point at the other, for eating eggs and shell-fish (Mart. Ep. xiv. 121.); the broad end serving as an egg spoon (Pet. Sat. 33. 6.), and the point for drawing the fish out of its shell. (Plin. H. N. xxviii. 4.) The example (Cochlear/1.1) represents an original found in Pompeii.
2. A measure of liquids; answering to our spoonful. Columell. xii. 21. 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cochlis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COCH'LIS. See COLUMNA, 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coctilis

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COC'TILIS, sc. later. A brick hardened by burning, as contradistinguished from one dried by the sun. Varro, R. R. i. 14. Plin. H. N. vii. 57.
2. Murus coctilis. A wall built of bricks hardened by the fire. Ovid. Met. iv. 58.
3. Coctilia or Cocta ligna (ξύλα κάγκανα). Dried or scorched wood, chopped into small pieces, and prepared by hardening over the fire sufficiently to dry up the moisture contained in it, without reducing it to charcoal (Ulp. Dig. 32. 55.), in order that it might burn readily and briskly, and not throw out a quantity of smoke. It was sold by measure (Valerian ap. Trebell. Claud. 14.), and not by weight, like other kinds of fire-wood, in particular warehouses at Rome, called tabernae coctiliciae; and the preparing, as well as the selling of it, was a particular trade, to which, as we are told, the father of the Emperor Pertinax belonged. Jul. Cap. Pertinax, 3.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coctus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COCTUS. Same as COCTILIS.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Coculum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
COC'ULUM. Apparently, a general term given to any kind of saucepan for boiling meats. Festus, s. v. Isidor. Orig. xx. 8. Cato, R. R. xi. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Codex

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
CO'DEX. A clog, or heavy log of wood, chained to the feet of slaves which they dragged about with them, and were made to sit upon. Juv. ii. 57. Prop. iv. 7. 44.
2. A blank book for writing in, made up of separate leaves bound together, like our own, as is shown by the annexed example (Codex/2.1), from a Pompeian painting. Originally, the leaves were made of thin tablets of wood (codices i. q. caudices), coated with wax, whence the name arose and which was still retained in use, although the original material had been superseded by paper or parchment. Ulp. Dig. 32. 50. Cic. Verr. i. 36. Id. Sull. 15.
3. At a later period, the word also means a code of laws, as the Codex Justinianus, Theodosianus, &c., which it may be assumed were written in books of this description.