OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Introduction to Political Science/Haley POLS 100

Return to POLS 100 main page. Return to Political Science main page.

## Lesson Plan
### Political Theory

* Lesson 1 - Thucydides - Who Was He and Why His Work Matters?
* Lesson 2 - Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War - The Foundation of Classical Realism and Classical Liberalism
* Lesson 3 - Socrates and Plato - The Teacher and The Student
* Lesson 4 - The Republic, a Blast From the Past
* Lesson 5 - Aristotle - Father and Philosopher
* Lesson 6 - The Politics of Aristotle
* Lesson 7 - Niccolo Machiavelli, the Man from Milan
* Lesson 8 - Do You Really Want to Be The Prince
* Lesson 9 - Confusing Me, Who is this Confucius Character
* Lesson 10 - Great Learning When There's Much to Learn

### Government & Politics

* Lesson 11
* Lesson 12
* Lesson 13
* Lesson 14
* Lesson 15
* Lesson 16
* Lesson 17
* Lesson 18
* Lesson 19
* Lesson 20

### Comparative Politics

* Lesson 21
* Lesson 22
* Lesson 23
* Lesson 24
* Lesson 25
* Lesson 26
* Lesson 27
* Lesson 28
* Lesson 29
* Lesson 30

### International Relations

* Lesson 31
* Lesson 32
* Lesson 33
* Lesson 34
* Lesson 35
* Lesson 36
* Lesson 37
* Lesson 38
* Lesson 39
* Lesson 40
# Introduction to Political and Economic Risk/Assessment

| Unit 1.1-Introduction to Political and Economic Risk | Introduction | Cultural Issues | Corporate Risks | Country-Related Risks | Economic Risks | Cultural Risks | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 1.1 | Unit 1.2 | Unit 1.3 Return to Trade Finance Module 1: Political and Economic Risk |
# Introduction to Political and Economic Risk

| Unit 1.1-Introduction to Political and Economic Risk | Introduction | Cultural Issues | Corporate Risks | Country-Related Risks | Economic Risks | Cultural Risks | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 1.1 | Unit 1.2 | Unit 1.3 Return to Trade Finance Module 1: Political and Economic Risk |

## Unit 1.1- Introduction to Political and Economic Risk

International business requires a series of screenings of the four major areas of business: finance, marketing, personnel and production. The initial screening is to evaluate the basic need or potential for foreign trade and investment. The marketing department of a company is responsible for this evaluation domestically. The factors used in this evaluation process may have to be modified for the foreign market but are usually successful when such is done. The studies done for domestic markets do not apply in the foreign markets because of the different socio-cultural and socio-economic forces that come into play. Economic and financial sources are evaluated by the finance area of a company. This area does the planning and forecasting to evaluate costs and output which can be easily adapted to the foreign markets by adding in the additional costs associated with international trade. Investigations of political and legal forces are often outsourced by companies and are adequately covered by doing so. Several screenings that are often overlooked which can negatively impact a company if not properly evaluated are socio-cultural forces and competitive forces. Another factor is not knowing the foreign environment. This assessment usually requires a personal visit.

### Unit Objective

The goal of this unit is to introduce you to the political and economic risks that arise when operating in a global environment. These include financial risks associated with slow or nonpayment as well as the financial consequences of the failure to perform contractual obligations. By the end of this unit your will be able to:
* Identify the risks of slow or nonpayment in international trade
* Identify the effect of the risk of slow or nonpayment
* Identify the difference between a domestic risk and a risk as a result of international trade
* Identify in general terms what is meant by a “country-related risk,” its categories and components

### Unit Outline

* Introduction
* Cultural Issues
* Corporate Risks
* Country-Related Risks
* Economic Risks
* Cultural Risks
* Summary
* Resources
* Activities
* Assessment
Correlation: Materials from this unit correlate with NASBITE CGCP's Knowledge Statement 04/01/01: Knowledge of political and economic risks causing late and/or non-payment from overseas markets (e.g., cancellation/failure to grant U.S. export license, civil unrest, foreign currency delays/shortage)
# Introduction to Political and Economic Risk/Cultural Risks

| Unit 1.1-Introduction to Political and Economic Risk | Introduction | Cultural Issues | Corporate Risks | Country-Related Risks | Economic Risks | Cultural Risks | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 1.1 | Unit 1.2 | Unit 1.3 Return to Trade Finance Module 1: Political and Economic Risk |

## Cultural Risk

Cultural risks occur as the result of different expectations, misunderstandings and miscommunications between a buyer and the seller.
* A seller wants to make a large sale to meet a quarterly quota. The buyer wants to be polite and may be saying “yes,” acknowledging the seller’s explanation of the features and benefits of the product. The seller asks for the potential buyer’s standard shipping instructions, which are then promptly provided. The seller enters the “order,” and the shipment is made. But the buyer has never placed a proper order and therefore rejects the shipment.
* A request for a quotation arrives that is misinterpreted to be a purchase order. A lack of communication resulting from language problems results in a shipment being made that has not been ordered.
* A buyer promises to pay promptly when the goods are delivered. What the seller fails to realize is promptly will be after the month-long holiday in the buyer’s country during which the goods may be shipped but will not be picked up by the company until after the holiday. Thus payment is delayed, and demurrage costs may accumulate.
* A seller, by not doing extensive marketing research, exports a product for distribution only to find out that for religious and cultural reasons it will not be purchased and therefore is rendered worthless.
Risk is an inherent part of all business transactions. There is risk of slow or non-payment in domestic transactions that arise primarily from the unwillingness or inability of a buyer to pay a seller when payment is due. When international transactions take place, more risks are added because of the laws, regulations and politics of the buyers’ and sellers’ countries as well as possible third countries. The financial condition of a buyer’s country may cause delayed or blocked payments. Changes in the relative value of buyers’ and sellers’ currencies pose risks. The number of documents required in many cross- border transactions opens the possibility of missing documents or discrepancies in the forms to be filed, leading to slow or blocked payment.
There are many misunderstandings that can occur in business transactions negotiated among countries in distant time zones, with different languages, varying cultural practices and dissimilar ethical values. Any or all of these can contribute to payments not being received when due.
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Rules/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Lemma 8.1
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real function/Theorem of Rolle/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Theorem 15.4
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequence/Bounded/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Lemma 9.10
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Rules/5/Fact/Proof/Exercise/Exercisereferencenumber

Exercise 8.3
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Bernoulli's inequality/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Theorem 5.11
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Bounded monotonic increasing sequence/Cauchy sequence/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Lemma 8.7
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Compare/Fact/Factreferencenumber

Lemma 7.12
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Compare/Fact/Proof/Exercise/Exercisereferencenumber

Exercise 7.16
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Rules/3/Fact/Proof/Exercise/Exercisereferencenumber

Exercise 8.1
# Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2023-2024)/Real numbers/Convergent sequences/Rules/4/Fact/Proof/Exercise/Exercisereferencenumber

Exercise 8.2
# PlanetPhysics/Algebra Formed From a Category

Given a category ${\mathcal {C}}$ and a ring $R$, one can construct an algebra ${\mathcal {A}}$ as follows. Let ${\mathcal {A}}$ be the set of all formal finite linear combinations of the form
   $\sum _{i}c_{i}e_{a_{i},b_{i},\mu _{i}},$
where the coefficients $c_{i}$ lie in $R$ and, to every pair of objects $a$ and $b$ of ${\mathcal {C}}$ and every morphism $\mu$ from $a$ to $b$, there corresponds a basis element $e_{a,b,\mu }$. Addition and scalar multiplication are defined in the usual way. Multiplication of elements of ${\mathcal {A}}$ may be defined by specifying how to multiply basis elements. If $b\not =c$, then set $e_{a,b,\phi }\cdot e_{c,d,\psi }=0<math>;otherwiseset$e_{a, b, \phi} \cdot e_{b, c, \psi} = e_{a, c, \psi \circ \phi}</math>. Because of the associativity of composition of morphisms, ${\mathcal {A}}$ will be an associative algebra over $R$.
Two instances of this construction are worth noting. If $G$ is a group, we may regard $G$ as a category with one object. Then this construction gives us the group algebra of $G$. If $P$ is a partially ordered set, we may view $P$ as a category with at most one morphism between any two objects. Then this construction provides us with the incidence algebra of $P$.
# PlanetPhysics/Alexandru Proca
## Alexandru Proca

Born on October 16th, 1897(1897--10--16) in Bucharest, Romania Deceased on December 13th, 1955 (aged 58)in Paris, France Citizenship France Nationality Romania fields: Theoretical Physicist Alma mater Paris--Sorbonne University in France Doctoral advisor: Louis de Broglie Known for: Proca's equations Notable awards: Honorary Member of the Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences, elected post mortem in 1990.

### Introduction

Alexandru Proca (October 16, 1897, Bucharest-- December 13, 1955, Paris) was a Romanian theoretical physicist. He developed the meson theory of nuclear forces and the mathematical physics equations that bear his name (Proca's equations). He became a French citizen in 1931.

### Contents

* 1 Education
o 1.1 High--school and college o 1.2 Ph.D. studies
* 2 Scientific achievements
* 3 Notes
* 4 References
* 5 External links

### Education

High--school and college
In Romania, he was one of the eminent students of the school "Gheorghe Lazar" and the Polytechnic School in Bucharest. With a very strong interest in theoretical physics, he went to Paris where he graduated in Science from the Paris-Sorbonne University, receiving from the hand of Marie Curie his diploma of the Bachelor of Science degree. Then, he was employed as a researcher, physicist at the Radium Institute in Paris in 1925.
Ph.D. studies
He carried out Ph.D. studies in theoretical physics under the supervision of Nobel laureate Louis de Broglie. He defended successfully his Ph.D. thesis entitled "On the relativistic theory of Dirac's electron" in front of an examination committee chaired by the Nobel laureate Jean Perrin.

### Scientific achievements

He also studied and worked with Nobel laureates Niels Bohr and Marie Curie,[1]. Alexandru Proca became to be known as one of the most influential Romanian theoretical physicists of the last century [2], having developed the meson theory of nuclear forces ahead of the first reports of Nobel laureate Hideki Yukawa. Proca's equations for the vectorial mesonic field were employed by Yukawa who subsequently received the Nobel Prize for an explanation of the nuclear forces by using this field.
# Korean/Words/불바다
## 불바다

RR: bulbada
    Compound of 불(bul, "fire") + 바다(bada, "sea," also, a figure for a large area), literally, "sea of fire"
* conflagration, i.e., "a large fire extending to many objects, or over a large space; a general burning".

### Compares

* vuurzee #Dutch : conflagration, literally, "sea of fire"
* Feuermeer # German : conflagration, literally, "sea of fire"
# Korean/Words/불개미

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 불개미
### Noun

* 붉은색의 작은 개미를 통틀어 이르는 말. 단것을 좋아하는 습성이 있다. 개밋과의 곤충. 일개미의 몸의 길이는 5~8mm이며, 어두운 붉은 황색에 더듬이와 배는 갈색이고 온몸에 누런색 여린 털이 빽빽이 나 있다. 암컷의 몸의 길이는 0.9~1.1cm이며, 머리와 가슴은 붉은 황색이다. 일본잎갈나무의 잎으로 높은 집을 짓고 그 밑 땅속에서 사는데 한국, 일본 등지에 분포한다.
    fire ant

### Relatives

* 불 (bul, "fire")
* 개미 (ant, "ant")

### Comparatives

* Chinese: 火蟻屬
* Dutch: Vuurmieren
* Englsh: Fire ant
* German: Feuerameisen
* Korean: 불개미 (bul-gaemi)

### See also

* 불곰 (bul-gom, "brown bear")
* 부나비 (bu-nabi, "tiger moth")
* 불나방 (bul-nabang, "Arctia caja")
* ↑ This part of definition suggests that Korean "fire ant" is because of its red color rather than painful sting.
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=불개미
* ↑ Fire ants sting painfully, hence the name, East and West.
# Korean/Words/부풀다

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 부풀다
### Verb

* 살가죽이 붓거나 부르터 오르다.
    to swell
* 종이나 헝겊 따위의 거죽에 부풀이 일어나다.
    to get fluffy, fuzzy, nappy, shaggy

### Synonyms

* 붓다 (bus-da, "to swell")

### Relatives

* 보풀 (bopul, "fluff, nap")

### Comparatives

| "bosom" | "lip" |
| boezem #Dutch bosom #English Busen #German bosm, #Old English βυζί #Greek (vyzí) | buzë #Albanian bus #Irish buză #Romanian |

### See also

* 보풀 (bopul, "fluff, nap")
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=부풀다
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/부풀다
# Korean/Words/불

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 불
### Noun

* 물질이 산소와 화합하여 높은 온도로 빛과 열을 내면서 타는 것.
    fire

### Antonyms

* 물 (mul, "water, body of water")

### Comparatives

    Adapted from wikt: fire #Translations & #Etymology
| Germanic | Nordic | Others |
| Dutch: vuur English: fire Old English: fȳr, bæl German: Feuer Old High German: fiur Alemannic German: Füür Limburgish: vuur | Danish: bål Icelandic: bál Old Norse: bál Norwegian: bål Swedish: bål | Greek: φωτιά (fotiá) Ancient: πῦρ (pûr) Korean: 불 (bul) Tocharian A: por Tocharian B: puwar |

### See also

* 불다 (bulda, "to blow")
* ↑ A village on fire by Franciszek Kostrzews (1862) Paintings in the National Museum in Warsaw
* ↑ Literally, it is fire!
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=불
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/불
# Korean/Words/부글부글

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 부글부글
### Adverb

* 액체가 (주로 끓을 때) 요란스럽게 잇따라 많은 거품을 일으키는 소리나 겉보기.
    (reduplication as in boiling of liguid) bubblingly.

### Compounds

* 부글거리다 (bugeul-georida, "to be bubbling")

### Relatives

* 거품 (geopum, "bubble" as an outcome from bubbling)
* 끓다 (kkeulhda, "to boil," necessarily bubbling)

### Comparatives

* Adapted from bubble #Translations, equivalent to 거품 (geopum) above, demonstrating the global reduplicating nature of bubbles!
* Egyptian Arabic: بقبيقة‎ (buʾbēʾa)
* Aragonese: bambolla
* Armenian: պղպջակ (płpǰak)
* Assamese: বুৰবুৰণি (burburoni)
* Asturian: burbuya
* Basque: burbuila
* Belarusian: бу́рбалка (búrbalka)
* Bengali: বুদ্বুদ (budbud)
* Catalan: bombolla
* Czech: bublina
* Danish: boble
* Galician: burbulla, gurgulla
* Greek/Ancient: πομφόλυξ (pomphólux)
* Gujarati: બબલ (babal)
* Hindi: बुलबुला (bulbulā), बुदबुदा (budbudā)
* Hungarian: buborék
* Latvian: burbulis
* Lithuanian: burbulas
* Maori: mirumiru
* Marathi: बुडबुडा (buḍbuḍā)
* Nepali: बबल (babal)
* Norwegian: bubla
* Oriya: ବୁଦ୍ ବୁଦ୍ (bud bud)
* Portuguese: borbulha
* Punjabi: ਬੁਲਬੁਲਾ (bulbulā)
* Sanskrit: बुद्बुद (budbuda)
* Sindhi: بدبدو‎ (budibudō)
* Sinhalese: බුබුළු (bubuḷu)
* Slovak: bublina
* Spanish: burbuja
* Swedish: bubbla
* Vietnamese: bong bóng

### See also

* 부풀다 (bupulda, "to swell, become fluffy")
* 보풀 (bopul, "fluff")
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=부글부글
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/부글부글
* ↑ The suffix -거리다 (-georida) is used for reduplication.
# Korean/Words/불거지다

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 불거지다
### Verb

* 물체의 거죽으로 둥글게 툭 비어져 나오다.
* 어떤 사물이나 현상이 두드러지게 커지거나 갑자기 생겨나다.

### Relatives

* 불룩 (bulluk, "bulgingly")
* 볼록 (bollok, "less bulgingly")
* 붉어지다 (bulgeojida, "to get red")
* 밝아지다 (balgajida, "to get brightened")
    See: 밝다 (balgda, "to be bright")

### Comparatives

* Adapted from bulge #Translation
    ("something sticking out from the surface")
* Czech: boule
* Dutch: bult
* German: Beule
* Korean: 부루퉁이 (burutung-i)
* Spanish: bulto
* Swedish: bula
* bulk #English ("Unpackaged goods transported in large volumes, e.g. coal, ore or grain")
    from Middle English bulk ("a heap; cargo; bulge")
* Adapted from wool #Translation
* Dutch: wol
* German: Wolle
* Latvian: vilna
* Lithuanian: vilna
* Macedonian: во́лна (vólna)
* Polish: wełna
* Slovene: volna
* Adapted from folk #Translation
* Dutch: volk
* German: Volk
* Norwegian: folk
* Swedish: folk
* French: peuple
* Italian: popolo
* Latin: populus
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=불거지다
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/불거지다
* ↑ to bulge, protrude
* ↑ to emerge, come out, be exposed
* ↑ This sense is unlikely, or less unlikely than the next.
# Korean/Words/불다

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 불다
### Verb

* 바람이 일어나서 어느 방향으로 움직이다.
    (for the wind) to blow
* 입을 오므리고 날숨을 내어보내어, 입김을 내거나 바람을 일으키다.
    to blow (the fire, wind intrument, etc.), to produce an air current, to propel by an air current.

### Relatives

* 불 (bul, "fire")
* 풀무 (pulmu, "bellows")
* 바람 (baram, "wind")

### Comparatives

From blow #Translations :
| Germanic Dutch: blazen English: blow German: blasen Old Frisian: blā | Nordic Danish: blæse Faroese: blása Norwegian: Swedish: blåsa |
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=불다
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/불다
# Korean/Words/볼
## 볼
### Noun

* 뺨의 한복판. 뺨의 가운데를 이루고 있는 살집.
    cheek
*   * (anatomy) The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity. Synonym: (obsolete) wang
*   * (anatomy, informal, usually in the plural) The lower part of the buttocks that is often exposed beneath very brief underwear, swimwear, or extremely short shorts. Synonyms: arsecheek, asscheek, butt cheek, nether cheek
* 좁고 기름한 물건의 너비. 신발이나 구두의 옆면과 옆면 사이의 간격.
    wikt:ball, ie, the width of a foot. (Sense 4.)

### Relatives

* 볼기 (bolgi) buttock
* 볼록 (bollok) convex

### Comparatives

* English: cheek
* Dutch: bak
* German: Backe, Wange
* Latin: bucca

### See also

* ball cf. 볼4
* bowl cf. 볼6
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=볼
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=볼
* ↑ 볼기
* ↑ 볼록
# Korean/Words/보풀

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 보풀
### Noun

* 종이나 헝겊 따위의 거죽에 부풀어 일어나는 몹시 가는 털.
    fluff

### Relatives

* 포플러 (popeulleo) from poplar
* 포퓰러 (popyulleo) from popular
* 포플린 (popullin) from poplin
* 뽀뿌링 (ppoppuring) likely from Japanese pronunciation

### Comparatives

* poplar
* popular
* people
* folk (somewhat remotely)
* fluff

### Uses

* 보풀이 펄럭이다
    bopul-i peolleok-ida
    Fluffs are fluffing.

### See also

* 부풀다 (bupul-da, "to swell")
* 펄럭 (peolleok, "flapping, fluttering")
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=보풀
* ↑ Korean 보풀 (bopul) itself is a reduplication; it is even doubled as 보풀보풀 (bopul-bopul).
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/보풀
# Korean/Words/보리

* ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ -ㄱ-ㄲ-ㄴ-ㄷ-ㄸ-ㄹ-ㅁ-ㅂ-ㅃ-ㅅ-ㅆ-ㅇ-ㅈ-ㅉ-ㅊ-ㅋ-ㅌ-ㅍ-ㅎ- 말+/말씀+/물+/불+ a2z/Basics/News/Notes/Table/Legend/Sandbox

## 보리
### Noun

* 볏과의 두해살이풀. 줄기는 높이가 1미터 정도이고 곧고 속이 비었으며, 마디가 길다. 잎은 어긋나고 긴 선 모양으로 겉이 매끄러우며 나란히맥이 있다. 꽃은 5월에 수상(穗狀) 화서로 달리는데 이삭에는 까끄라기가 있다. 알이 껍질에서 잘 떨어지는지에 따라 쌀보리와 겉보리로, 파종 시기에 따라 가을보리와 봄보리로 나눈다. 보리쌀은 보리밥ㆍ맥주ㆍ된장ㆍ빵 따위의 원료이고, 줄기는 여름 모자ㆍ공예품ㆍ제지용ㆍ퇴비 따위에 쓴다. 서남아시아, 이집트가 원산지로 전 세계 온대 지방에서 재배한다.
    barley, cf. Old English bere

### Comparatives

    From beer #Translations
* Dutch: bier
* English: beer
* German: Bier
* Icelandic: bjór
* Old English: bēor
* Old French: biere
* Old Norse: bjórr
* ↑ https://ko.dict.naver.com/#/search?query=보리
* ↑ https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/보리
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/emistuemke

(Demo page to show students certain wiki functions while building a course project.)
This is my introduction.
This needs a reference.
bee

## Heading 1
### Stuff
#### more stuff

Things, words, stuff.
More stuff.

## Heading 2

Stuff
Words words words.
lolol.

## External Links

Google
Facebook
Things that are Awesome
Google
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/humanities

Leng Vang
# Menomonie, Wisconsin History/hauntings

Ariana
SLAIRS
Keleo22
The Haunting of the Mabel Tainter Center of the Arts - Jenna's individual project
Kenziedenise13
Supernatural occurrences in Menomonie Wisconsin - Alyssa's project
The History and Hauntings Behind The Mabel Tainter Center of the Arts - Abbie Dubiel
Folklore and Hauntings in the Menomonie Area -Amanda's project
Hannah
# PowerShell/Examples/Create-ShutdownTask
## See Also

* PowerShell
# PowerShell/Collection
## PowerShell
### Learning Guide

This learning guide supports the Wikiversity course PowerShell, available at http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/PowerShell.

## Overview

Part of the Information Technology SchoolPowerShell/Collection/Sidebar
PowerShell (including Windows PowerShell and PowerShell Core) is a task automation and configuration management framework from Microsoft available since 2006, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language built on the .NET Framework. Initially a Windows component only, PowerShell was made open-source and cross-platform on 18 August 2016.
This entire Wikiversity course can be downloaded in book form by selecting Download Learning Guide in the sidebar.

## Approach

Many PowerShell tutorials approach PowerShell from a command-line scripting and automation perspective, assuming that you already know programming. This course takes a more traditional academic introduction to programming approach, with the assumption that once you understand programming using the PowerShell language, you will be able to use other resources to develop the scripts you need.

## Preparation

This is a third-semester, college-level course. Learners should already be familiar with introductory computer concepts and computer support concepts.

## Resources

The lessons in this course use a variety of information resources. All are free, but some require registration in order to access them. On Wikiversity, every effort is made to avoid this type of resource unless the quality of the resource clearly outweighs the nuisance factor. The online book Master-PowerShell | With Dr. Tobias Weltner at PowerShell.com is a high quality resource, and provides the option of opting out of any contact.

## Lessons

* Introduction
* Console
* ISE
* Variables
* Expressions
* Conditions
* Loops
* Arrays and Hash Tables
* Functions
* Errors
* File System
* Registry
* Systems Management
* Event Logs
* Additional Topics

## Examples

* Create-ShutdownTask
* Disable-InternetExplorerESC
* Install-Flowgorithm
* Install-GoogleChrome
* Install-SQLServerExpress2019
* Install-SQLServerManagementStudio184
* Install-VisualStudioCode

## See Also

* Microsoft Virtual Academy: Getting Started with PowerShell 3.0
* Microsoft Virtual Academy: Advanced Tools & Scripting with PowerShell 3.0
* TechNet: The Best Ways to Learn PowerShell