OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Laticlavius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATICLA'VIUS. Is applied adjectively to any thing ornamented with the broad stripe termed clavus latus; as a napkin (Pet. Sat. 32. 2.); a tunic (Val. Max. v. 1. 7.); and absolutely designates a person who was entitled to wear this ornament (Suet. Nero, 26.), as explained and illustrated at p. 176. s. CLAVUS, 8.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Latrina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATRI'NA. In early language, the name for a bath or washing-place, quasi lavatrina (Varro, L. L. ix. 68. Lucil. ap. Non. s. v. p. 212.); but subsequently also used to designate a water-closet in a private house (Columell. x. 85. Suet. Tib. 58. Apul. Met. i. p. 13.), several of which are still to be seen at Pompeii; and all, like the annexed example (Latrina/1.1), contiguous to the kitchens. The two small arches on the right are the kitchen stove; four steps lead down to the room, and had a handrail by their side to assist the ascent or descent; the mark of which remains against the wall. The recess on the left is the latrina, originally closed by a wooden door, which has left the marks of its hinges and bolt on the edge of the door frame; and the mouth of the pipe through which the place was supplied with water is observable in the right-hand corner.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Latro

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATRO (λάτρις). In its primary sense a servant who worked for hire; whence the word came to signify a mercenary soldier, who took foreign service for a stipulated pay, like the Italian condottieri of the middle ages, and the Swiss troops, formerly subsidized by the French kings, as they still are by the Pope and the King of Naples. But, as these bodies committed great excesses in the countries which employed them, the name became subsequently synonymous with that of robber, bandit, or assassin. Varro, L. L. vii. 52. Festus, s. v. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. xii. 7. Plaut. Mil. iv. 1. 2. Juv. x. 22. Val. Max. v. 9. 4.
2. A counter used for playing a game of skill, approaching to our draughts (ludus latrunculorum); also termed hostis and miles; for the game may be said to represent a party of freebooters or soldiers engaged in the attack and defence of a fortified position. (Ov. A. Am. iii. 357. Mart. vii. 72. Id. xiv. 20.) They were distinguished by different colours, black on one side and white or red on the other, as is clearly expressed by the illustration (Latro/2.1), representing two Egyptians playing at the game, and were made of various materials, wood, metal, glass, ivory, &c. The movements were made upon lines marked on the board, the art being to get into such a position that one of the adversary's pieces was brought between two of the player's, when it was taken; or to drive it into a place where it was unable to move, when it was said to be alligatus, or incitus, "in check;" for ciere is the word which answers to our move; and thence the expression ad incitas redactus, literally, reduced to extremities, corresponds with our phrase check-mated. Senec. Ep. 106. ib. 117. Ov. A. Am. iii. 357. Plaut. Poen. iv. 2. 86.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Latruncularius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATRUNCULA'RIUS. See TABULA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Latrunculus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATRUN'CULUS. Diminutive of LATRO, and used in all the same senses.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Latumia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LATUM'IA. See LAUTUMIA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lautia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAU'TIA. Presents which it was customary to bestow upon the ambassadors of foreign nations who came upon a mission to Rome, consisting of provisions and such things as were necessary to their maintenance during their residence in the city. Liv. xxviii. 39. xxx. 17. xlv. 20.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lautumia

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAUTUM'IA or LATOM'IA (λατομία). Literally a stone-quarry; and, as slaves were confined and made to work in the quarries by way of punishment (Plaut. Poen. iv. 2. 5. Capt. iii. 5. 65.), the same name was also given to any prison excavated out of the quick rock, and below the surface of the soil; such, for instance, as the state prison at Syracuse (Cic. Verr. ii. 5. 27. Dorvill. Iter. Sicul. tom. i. p. 181.); and the one excavated by Servius Tullius under the Capitoline hill at Rome (Varro, L. L. v. 151. Liv. xxvi. 27. xxxii. 26. xxxvii. 3.), of which a section is shown at p. 119., and a view of the interior at p. 121.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lavacrum

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAVA'CRUM (λουτρόν). A water-bath as contradistinguished from a vapour bath, and equally applied to those which were composed of hot or cold water. Spart. Hadr. 18. Aul. Gell. i. 2. 1.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lavandria

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAVAN'DRIA. Dirty linen, or things for the wash; a vulgar word, only employed by the common people. Laberius ap. Gell. xvi. 7. 2.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lavatio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAVA'TIO. In its primary sense, the act of washing or bathing; whence it came to be applied as a general term to things used by a person who takes a bath (Cic. Fam. ix. 5. Phaedr. iv. 4. 22. Ulp. Dig. 34. 2. 26.), as well as the bath room itself. Vitruv. v. 11.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lavatrina

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LAVATRI'NA. See LATRINA.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lebes

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEBES (λέβης). A deep vessel or basin with a full and swelling outline (curvi lebetes, Ov. Met. xii. 243.), made of bronze or the precious metals, and intended to be held under the hands or feet to catch the purifying water, which an attendant poured over them from a jug (gutturnium, προχόος), before and after meals. (Serv. ad Virg. Aen. iii. 466. Hom. Od. i. 137. xix. 386.) Vessels of this description were frequently given as prizes at the games (Virg. Aen. v. 266.), and, consequently, are represented on coins and medals with a palm branch, the emblem of victory placed in them, as in the annexed example (Lebes/1.1) from a medal of Gordian. The inscription upon it testifies that it was intended to represent a prize for the Pythian games, while the water jug which stands by its side expresses the purpose for which it was to be used, and identifies it as a genuine representation of the lebes.
2. A copper kettle, or, rather, bronze, of the same form and character, but used for boiling meat, &c., and similar to the olla, with the exception of being smaller, and made of metal, instead of earthenware. (Serv. ad Virg. Aen. iii. 446. Isidor. Orig. xx. 8. 4. Hom. Il. frequently.) The illustration (Lebes/2.1), from a sculptured vase of Greek marble, represents a lebes of similar form to the last example, under which a fire is kindled for cooking a pig; and as these kettles had no legs, it is supported over the fire upon large stones.
* Lebes/1.1
* Lebes/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lectarius

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTA'RIUS (κλινοποιός). A couch or bedstead maker. Inscript. ap. Murat. 956. 7.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lecticarii

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTICA'RII (φορειαφόροι, κλινηφόροι). Palanquin-bearers. These were of two kinds, private or public. The first were slaves forming part of the domestic establishment of individuals, who kept them for the purpose. (Cic. Fam. iv. 12. Suet. Cal. 58.) The latter were free men of the labouring classes, who plied for hire at particular stands in the city of the Rome, called castra lecticariorum, where a number of these conveyances were kept always ready for a fare, as sedan-chairs used to be in modern Europe. P. Victor. de Reg. Urb. Rom. iii. 49.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lectica

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTI'CA (φορεῖον, κλίνη). A palanquin, introduced into Greece and Italy from the East; in the first instance as an article of luxury for females, but, afterwards, it came to be very generally used for men as well as women. (Sulpic. ad. Cic. Fam. iv. 12. Suet. passim. See the Clavis of Baumgarten-Crusius, s. v.) The body consisted of a wooden case with low sides to it, like the bier (capulus, feretrum), upon which a corpse was carried out (Aul. Gell. x. 3. 2.); with uprights which supported a wooden tester, like the pluteus. (Isidor. Orig. xx. 11. 4. lectica, sive lectus pluteus.) This roof was covered with leather (Mart. xi. 98.), and curtains (vela, plagae, plagulae) were suspended from it, which might be closed all round (Suet. Tit. 10. Senec. Suas. i. 6.), or drawn back, as in the cut, when it was said to be open (aperta, Cic. Phil. ii. 24.); but, in some cases, it was a close conveyance (clausa), having the sides fitted with panels and windows, which could be opened or shut at pleasure. (Juv. iii. 242. compare iv. 20.) The inmate reclined upon a soft mattress or feather bed (Juv. i. 159.), with a bolster to support the back (cervical, Juv. vi. 353.), so that he could read, write, or sleep within it. According to the wealth of the owner, and the size of the lectica, it was borne by two, four, six, or eight tall slaves (lecticarii), in the manner described and illustrated at p. 63. We have no authentic representation of this kind of conveyance, upon any monument of Greek or Roman art; but the various details are sufficiently known from numerous incidental passages, in which the different parts are mentioned or described, to warrant the general correctness of the figure annexed (Lectica/1.1), which is designed by Ginzrot (Wagen und Fahrwerke, vol. ii. tab. 65.), and will serve to convey a distinct notion of the vehicle.
2. A litter for the conveyance of sick and wounded (Liv. ii. 36. xxiv. 42. Val. Max. ii. 8. 2.), of similar character, but more simple, and less ostentatiously fitted up.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lecticula

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTI'CULA. Diminutive of LECTICA. A litter for the transport of sick or wounded persons (Cic. Div. i. 26. Liv. xxiv. 42.); or a bier on which a dead body was carried out. Nepos, Att. 22.
2. Lecticula lucubratoria. (Suet. Aug. 78.) Same as LECTULUS, which is the more usual term.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lectisterniator

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTISTERNIA'TOR. The slave who spread and arranged the couches (lecti) on which the ancients reclined at their meals. Plaut. Ps. i. 2. 30.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lectisternium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LECTISTER'NIUM. A religious ceremony amongst the Romans, comprising a sumptuous banquet offered to the gods, at which their statues were brought out and placed upon tricliniary couches (lecti) at a table furnished with every kind of delicacy, and provided under the direction of the Epulones. (Liv. xxii. 10. v. 3. xl. 59.) The illustration (Lectisternium/1.1) represents a lectisternium given to Serapis, Isis, Sol, and Luna, from a terra-cotta lamp.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lectulus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEC'TULUS (κλινίδιον). Diminutive of LECTUS, both as regards inferiority of size, furniture, and materials. It is thus a small or simple couch for sleeping (Cic. Cat. i. 4. Id. Fin. ii. 30.), or for dining (Id. Mur. 36.); and very generally, a sort of sofa, forming part of the usual furniture in a study (Plin. Ep. v. 5. 5. Ov. Trist. i. 11. 39.), and on which it was a common practice to recline at length while reading, and even writing, the tablet being placed against one knee, which was raised up as a support for the purpose. The annexed example (Lectulus/1.1), from a Pompeian painting, compared with the following illustration and description, will explain the difference between the lectulus and lectus.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Legatus

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LEGA'TUS (ἀντιστράτηγος, ὕπαρχος). A general officer attached to a corps d'armée, and to the governors of provinces, who acted both in a military and civil capacity; his duty being to advise and assist his superiors in their plans and operations, as well as to act in their stead, both as a commander or diplomatic agent, whenever occasion required. (Varro, L. L. v. 87. Caes. B. C. ii. 17. iii. 51.) On the triumphal arches and columns they are represented in the same costume as the other commanders, as shown by the annexed illustration (Legatus/1.1), from the Column of Trajan, in which the first figure on the right is the emperor himself (imperator), the second a legate (legatus), and the third a tribune (tribunus).
2. (πρεσβευτής). A general title given to ambassadors, whether Roman envoys to foreign states, or from foreign princes to Rome. Cic. Liv. &c.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Legionarii

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LEGIONA'RII. Legionary soldiers; i. e. the body of five or six thousand heavy-armed men, who formed the contingent furnished out of the Roman citizens to each legion, the rest of its entire complement made up by auxiliaries and cavalry. (Cic. Fam. x. 32. Caes. B. G. 1. 42.) The annexed figure (Legionarii/1.1), from the Column of Trajan, probably represents a legionary of the Imperial age; he wears a close helmet, a sword suspended by a shoulder belt (balteus), and hanging on the right side, has an oblong square shield (scutum), a cuirass formed of flexible plates of metal (see LORICA, No. 7.), and military shoes (caligae). On the Arches of Trajan and Septimius Severus, and the Columns of Trajan and Antoninus, numerous bodies of men are represented with the same accoutrements, and engaged in all the various duties which the soldiers of a legion were expected to perform.
2. Legionarii equites. Legionary troopers; i. e. the soldiers comprised in a detachment of three hundred horse, who were always joined with a Roman legion. (Liv. xxv. 21. xxxv. 5. Veg. Mil. ii. 2.) Their defensive armour appears to have been the same as that of the infantry, at least during the Imperial epoch, as shown by the annexed figure (Legionarii/2.1), from the Column of Antoninus.
* Legionarii/1.1
* Legionarii/2.1
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Legio

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEGIO. A Roman legion; two of which constituted a consular army. It consisted of about five or six thousand (for the complement was not always the same), heavy-armed foot soldiers (legionarii) drawn from the Roman citizens; augmented by a body of auxiliaries at least equal in number, and a detachment of cavalry, three hundred strong, which was always joined with it; so that the effective force of a legion in the field is usually reckoned at ten thousand men at least. Varro. Liv. Tac. Veget.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lembulus

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LEM'BULUS, LEMUN'CULUS, or LENUN'CULUS. Diminutive of LEMBUS. Prudent. Περὶ στεφ. 455. Tac. Ann. xiv. 5.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lembus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEMBUS (λέμβος). A small seagoing vessel remarkable for its swiftness, more especially used by the pirates of Illyria. The distinguishing properties of the class to which it belonged are not ascertained; further than that they were generally small, and rowed with oars, sometimes exceeding sixteen in number (Liv. xxxiv. 35.); the largest of them being used in war (Liv. xlv. 10.); the smallest as fishing boats (Accius ap. Non. s. v. p. 534.); as stern boats towed behind larger vessels, in which the sailors or passengers embarked and disembarked from the shore (Plaut. Merc. ii. 1. 35.); and as river boats. Virg. Georg. i. 201.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lemniscatus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEMNISCA'TUS. Decorated with fillets or ribands (lemnisci), as explained and illustrated in the following word. Cic. Rosc. Am. 35. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. v. 269.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lemniscus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEMNIS'CUS (λημνίσκος). A sort of fillet or riband distributed as a reward of honour; sometimes by itself (Liv. xxxiii. 33. Suet. Nero, 25.), but more commonly as a decoration to be fastened upon other prizes; such as military crowns (Festus, s. v.), palm branches (Auson. Epist. xx. 6.), &c., which were considered more honourable when accompanied with a lemniscus, than when they were simply given by themselves. Originally it was made out of the thin membrane lying between the bark and wood of the lime tree (Plin. H. N. xvi. 25.); afterwards of wool dyed of different colours (Festus, s. v. Serv. ad Aen. v. 269.); and finally of gold and silver tinsel. (Plin. H. N. xxi. 4.) The illustration (Lemniscus/1.1) represents a figure of Victory, from a painting in the pyramid of C. Cestius, holding a simple lemniscus in her left hand, and a corona lemniscata in the other.
2. A bandage of lint steeped in lotion for applying to wounds. Celsus, vii. 28. Veg. Vet. ii. 14.
# Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Lemures

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich.
LEM'URES. A general name for the departed spirits of men. According to the religious belief of the Romans, the soul was converted after death into a spirit, either beneficent or malign, as the actions of the individual had been good or bad during his lifetime. The good spirit then became a protecting angel, and was properly termed lar; the evil one a spectre, or hobgoblin, properly designated larva. But altough some passages plainly imply that the term lemures meant departed spirits generally, and without reference to any particular disposition, yet a number of others lead to the conclusion that in the popular belief, and in the language of the common people, they were confounded with the larvae, and regarded as spectres of evil omen and of malicious propensities. Ov. Fast. v. 483. Apul. Deo Socrat. p. 689. Augustin. Civ. D. ix. 11. Pers. v. 185. Hor. Ep. ii. 2. 209. Varro, ap. Non. s. v. p. 135.