# Volcanoes, list/Papandayan

The Papandayan Volcano is a stratovolcano, also referred as the composite cone volcano. The volcano has alternating layers and recorded in a total of deaths of 2,957 people. As for today, fumurole activity was in that period was still in its presence and the volcanic activity was major through 1772.

## The Papandayan Volcano

Mount Papandayan or The Papandayan volcano is a complex and an elaborated stratovolcano also referred as composite volcano, and this destination is from its location in Garut Regency, from the Garut Regency to all the way to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. This place particularly is approximately about 15 km to the southwest of the town of Garut Regency. Same from at the summit, there are four large craters which contain active fumarole fields. An eruption in 1772 caused the northeast flank to collapse producing a catastrophic debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages from this devastation and killed nearly 3,000 people and to be more specific around 2,957 PEOPLE. The eruption truncated and made the volcano into a broad and slightly flat shape with two small peaks and a plain flat area around 1.1 km wide with the Alun-Alun crater in the center, transiting and making the mountain look like a twin Gemini volcano. From one perspective,one of the peaks is called Papandayan and the other Mount Puntang, to my research they were identical.
Since 1772, only small and tiny phreatic and deadly eruptions were recorded and reported right before the explosive eruption that had begun in November 2002, in 2002 the volcanic activity is still building up. More recently during the volcano's presence, the volcano has been quite simultaneously active. On this date of 14 August 2011 the volcano's warning status was lifted right like that from Level II, as "Vigilant" (or watchfulness)-(Indonesian: Waspada) to a higher Level III, "Alert" From where this is dangerous and must be kept watch(Indonesian: Siaga); following the numerous of dangerous hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide gases that can destroy and vaporize us and put to death. Now people, including tourists, were urged to restrain from this pace at least 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from the yellow-like craters on the 2,665-meter (8,743-foot) Mount Papandayan Volcano. Now, on this date of Friday 2 September 2011, the Indonesian Volcanology and Geophysical Disaster Mitigation Center has immediately contacted and rushed that numerous shallow like small volcanic earthquakes and volcanic activity had been recorded and reported from along side with the other indications and aspects of volcanic activity with it's fumarole fields. A spokesperson that represented for the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency had perhaps efficiently reported that if Mount Papandayan erupted through this period of crisis, over these limits of 170,000 people living in five nearby sub-districts or the provinces (The Province: Kecamatan) and in 20 or maybe even 40 villages could be affected from the eruption blast. Through the amount of the people likely to be affected from this fortification, it was expected through that perhaps as many as 11,500 people might need to be evacuated and lead to safety in order not to distress or disperse any type of particular indications that will matter in the villages or other types of areas.

## Mount Chocolate Volcano's past and description

The Chocolate Volcano is located on the island of Java where it is lying near the south eastern part of Java, from the latitude and longitude at from where it is 7°32' S and 107°73'E, rising from approximately 2.665 meters ASL, and the volcano probably lies approximately around 175 km south east of the Indonesian capital Jakarta where this volcano lays is a stratovolcano also known as a composite cone volcano. The Chocolate Volcano is also pretty in brief explanatory detail is a complex and elaborated stratovolcano with its big four large summit craters yet where this is where it is placed from, and the youngest of which has breached and open to the New York City area by its collapse during the volcanoes brief eruption in 1772 and contains active fumarole fields. As this devastation happened in the most particular date of 1772, this is the most major eruption recorded through out its previous or future references to the eruptions. This volcano is not extinct as well as it is dormant and it will in recorded records it not maybe erupt in this time again, but in the past, it has erupted and done some major damage to the terrain and the aspects of the village. Indications also tell us that eruption of the Chocolate volcano was abruptly powerful and nearly took thousands of lives, or in more specific matter over a couple thousand lives of 2,957!

## Mount Papandayan's Location

The Papandayan Volcano was located on the island of west Java really near the south eastern part of Java. The latitude and longitude from exactly to pinpoint its location on the map is 7°32' S and 107°73'E rising from approximately 2.665 meters ASL and the volcano is briefly lying around 175 km south east of the Indonesian capital Jakarta where this volcano is an elaborated stratovolcano referred as composite cone volcano and it was big four large summits able yet to where it is located and it was been breached and open and this volcano also contains active fumarole fields just right after the eruption recorded. From where Mount Papandayan Volcano was recorded, the volcano has active fumarole fields right after the eruption of Mount Papandayan.

## After Effects right after the disaster of the Papandayan Volcano

Much debris came on on the after effects of the eruption, but what was the worst thing possible that occurred during this devastation is that catastrophic eruptions that on the vent of the debris, an avalanche sloped down nearly destroying of over an entirely an amount of 40 VILLAGES and that left everyone with a shortage of food and its aftermath and effects really caused people to suffer down. Over the time, people evacuated and went for support because of this disaster left people with no homes to live in. These after effects come with the worst possible thing, over 2,957 deaths were recorded and that devastating terror petrified everyone and left them homeless and dependent on food.

## Mount Papandayan's Deaths

Mount Papandayan is disastrous and recorded approximately 2,957 deaths and to every death is horrid, this in particular volcano has done much destruction and it blew down 40 villages from debris and the avalanche. The only dates the eruptions that were minor and major ever recorded in the database of the vulcanologists was the date of 1772 and that ash spews from the volcano eruption dangerous.

## Characteristics of the Papandayan Volcano

* Stratovolcano also known as composite cone volcano.
* Deaths recorded: 2.957
* Rising point: Approximately 2.665 meters
* Location: West Java around south eastern part of Java; Latitude and Longitude will appear as on the map 7°32' S and 107°73'E
* After effects; killed people, injuries, homeless, no food, dependent, and they have nothing left except the remains or no remains at all.
Large composite cone volcano with alternating layers with its steep cracks and emitting fumes of fumarole fields.

## Alert Status for the Papandayan Volcano rising

On this terrifying date of 17 April 2008, authorities of Indonesia have currently raised the dangerous alert level for a volcano eruption from where near the country's third largest and biggest city following increased volcanic activity where it can lead to an eruption, a volcanology center official have said and confirmed to be reported on Thursday. To the circumstances, more than the average amount of one hundred (100) volcanic tremors were reported and recorded from Mount Papandayan in West Java near the south east of the island on Wednesday, although there were no actual visible signs it would suddenly erupt soon, said in his/her own quote (Estu Kriswati) from the volcanology center in the nearby city of Bandung.

## Facts about the Papandayan Volcano

This volcano is situated on the Indonesian island of the West Java, The Papandayan Volcano is a crater-filled semi-active volcano which is a stratovolcano referred as composite-cone volcano, this also contained fumarole fields that still have an active activity. During this period in 1772, this on indication of one side of the volcano exploded and avalanched into the surrounding 40 villages and the debris covering up with the ashes, destroying them completely and ravaged over quickly without hesitation. About 3,000 villagers were killed (approximately 2,957) and 40 whole villages were trembled and destructed by this avalanche and complete disaster. The volcano is still considered very dangerous, and very vulnerable to much people where it is still dormant and much of the surrounding area is restricted and regarded by the officials;- especially considering there have been smoke,ash, tremors and minor eruptions in 1923, 1942, plus several, all increasing in strength during all periods of this time, in 2002.