# Votian/Copula and Compound Tenses
## Copula
### Predicative

There is not much data about this matter available. So I've made my own research basing on the data of modern Finnish.
Baltic Finnic languages oppose partial predicative to total predicative
* Partitive marks a partial predicative while nominative marks a total predicative of a sentence.
** tämä naizikko on tōž soikkoлaisī ('This woman also is a one of Soikkola Ingrians.' i.e. We emphasize, that she belongs to a group of certain quality - is a part of that group. - This is a partial predicative.)
** tämä on soikkuлaine̮ ( Liivtšülä dialect 'She is a Soikkola Ingrian.' i.e. We don't emphasize, that she belongs to that group. - This is a total predicative.)
** See the page of main cases for further details.
As a copula they use an auxiliary verb e̮ллa / lid́d́ä (òl-tak / lee-tak) .

### Inflectional paradigms of e̮ллa / lid́d́ä (òl-tak / lee-tak)
#### Present tense:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | òle-n | òle-mmak |
| 2. | òle-t | òle-ttak |
| 3. | on | on-vat |

##### Present tense negation :

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | eni òle-k | emmak òle-k |
| 2. | eti òle-k | ettak òle-k |
| 3. | epi òle-k | evat òle-k |

#### Imperative :

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | las' òle-n | òl-kama |
| 2. | òle-k | òl-ka'a |
| 3. | òl-ko'on | òl-ko'ot |

##### Prohibition:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | las' eni òle | las' emmak òle |
| 2. | eläk òle-k | elka'a òl-ka'a |
| 3. | elko'on òl-ko'on | elko'ot òl-ko'ot |

#### Conditional:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | òle-iksi-n | òle-iksi-mmak |
| 2. | òle-iksi-t | òle-iksi-ttak |
| 3. | òle-iksi- | òle-iksi-vat |

##### Conditional negation:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | eni òle-iksik | emmak òle-iksik |
| 2. | eti òle-iksik | ettak òle-iksik |
| 3. | epi òle-iksik | evat òle-iksik |

#### Past tense  :

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | òlè-i-n | òlè-i-mmak |
| 2. | òlè-i-t | òlè-i-ttak |
| 3. | òlè-i- | òlè-i-vat |

##### Past tense negation :

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | eni òl-nut | emmak òl-nut-et |
| 2. | eti òl-nut | ettak òl-nut-et |
| 3. | epi òl-nut | evat òl-nut-et |

#### Potential-future :

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | lee-ne-n | lee-ne-mmak |
| 2. | lee-ne-t | lee-ne-ttak |
| 3. | lee-ne-p | lee-ne-vat |

##### Potential-future negation:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1. | eni lee-ne | emmak lee-ne |
| 2. | eti lee-ne | ettak lee-ne |
| 3. | epi lee-ne | evat lee-ne |

#### Indefinite voice:

| Mood | Negation verb | Main verb ending |
| Present tense | | òl-t'aksen |
| Present tense negation | epi | òl-t'ak |
| Imperative | | òl-ttako'on |
| Prohibition | elko'on | òl-ttako'on |
| Conditional | | òl-ttaiksi |
| Conditional negation | epi | òl-ttaiksik |
| Past tense | | òl-ttiin |
| Past tense negation | epi | òl-ttu |
| Potential-future * | | òl-ttane's' |
| Potential-future negation * | epi | òl-ttane's' |

#### Agent and participles:

| | Definite voice | Indefinite voice |
| Past tense | òl-nut | òl-ttu |
| Present tense | òle-va | òl-ttava |
| Agent participle | òle-ja | |

#### Verbal nouns: gerund and infinitives:

| | Object | Inessive | Elative | Illative | Abessive | Translative |
| Infinitive | òl-tak | òl-ta'essa | | | | òl-ta'kse |
| Potential-future infinitive | lee-tak | | | | | |
| Infinitive | | òle-massa | òle-masta | òle-masen | òle-matta | |