OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English-Chinese/The people who fight for a state in wars are called soldiers

The people who fight for a state in wars are called soldiers. The people who fight in wars, but not for a state, are usually called "fighters".
在战争中为一个国家而战的人被称为士兵。 在战争中战斗但不是为国家而战的人通常被称为“战士”。
# English-Chinese/The policy of social and economic inequality has increased social and economic differences, leading to an increase in cardiovascular disease

The policy of social and economic inequality has increased social and economic differences, leading to an increase in cardiovascular disease.
社会和经济不平等的政策增加了社会和经济差异，导致心血管疾病的增加。
# English-Chinese/The primary complications of diabetes due to damage in small blood vessels include damage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves

The primary complications of diabetes due to damage in small blood vessels include damage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves.
由于小血管损伤导致的糖尿病的主要并发症包括对眼睛，肾脏和神经的损害。
# English-Chinese/The police found six drops of blood in the kitchen and garage

The police found six drops of blood in the kitchen and garage.
警方在厨房和车库里发现了六滴血。
# English-Chinese/The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum

The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum.
马铃薯 是 来自 多年生 茄属植物 Solanum_tuberosum的 富含淀粉的 块茎作物。
# English-Chinese/The police found her body three days after she disappeared

The police found her body three days after she disappeared.
警方在她失踪三天后发现了她的尸体。
# English-Chinese/The problem with cataracts is the accumulation of protein or yellow-brown pigment in the lens, which reduces the transmission of light to the retina at the back of the eye

The problem with cataracts is the accumulation of protein or yellow-brown pigment in the lens, which reduces the transmission of light to the retina at the back of the eye.
白內障的問題是晶狀體中蛋白質或黃褐色色素的積累，這減少了光線傳遞到眼睛後部的視網膜。
# English-Chinese/The processor can be told to use the memory by specifying it as the input or output

The processor can be told to use the memory by specifying it as the input or output.
可以通过将处理器指定为输入或输出来告知处理器使用存储器。
# Function/R/Infinitely often differentiable/Taylor series/Definition

Let $I\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ denote an interval,
    $f\colon I\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$
an infinitely often differentiable function, and $a\in I$. Then
    $\sum _{k=0}^{\infty }{\frac {f^{(k)}(a)}{k!}}(x-a)^{k}$
is called the Taylor series of $f$ in the point $a$.
# Function/R/Limit/Epsilon/Rules/Fact/Proof

This follows from fact and from fact.
# Function/Not differentiable/Argument in modulus/Exercise

Give an example of a continuous, not differentiable function
    $f\colon \mathbb {R} \longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$
fulfilling the property that the function $x\mapsto f{\left(\vert {x}\vert \right)}$ is differentiable.
# Function/R/Limit/Epsilon/Characterizations/Fact/Proof/Exercise

Let $T\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ denote a subset and $a\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Let
    $f\colon T\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$
be a function and $b\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Show that the following statements are equivalent.
* We have
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)=b\,.$
* For every sequence ${\left(x_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ in $T$ which converges to $a$, also the image sequence ${\left(f(x_{n})\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ converges to $b$.
# Function/R/Limit/Epsilon/Definition

Let $T\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ denote a subset and $a\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Let
    $f\colon T\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$
be a function. Then $b\in \mathbb {R}$ is called limit of $f$ in $a$, if for every $\epsilon >0$ there exists some $\delta >0$ such that for all $x\in T$ fulfilling
    $\vert {x-a}\vert \leq \delta \,,$
the estimate
    $\vert {f(x)-b}\vert \leq \epsilon \,$
holds. In this case, we write
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)=b\,.$
# Function/R/Limit/Epsilon/Rules/Fact

Let $T\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ denote a subset and $a\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Let $f\colon T\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$ and $g\colon T\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$ denote functions, such that the limits $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)$ and $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,g(x)$ exist. Then the following statements hold.
* The sum $f+g$ has in $a$ the limit
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,(f(x)+g(x))=\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)+\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,g(x)\,.$
* The product $f\cdot g$ has in $a$ the limit
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,(f(x)\cdot g(x))=\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)\cdot \operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,g(x)\,.$
* Suppose that $g(x)\neq 0$ for all $x\in T$ and $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,g(x)\neq 0$. Then the quotient $f/g$ has in $a$ the limit
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,{\frac {f(x)}{g(x)}}={\frac {\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)}{\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,g(x)}}\,.$
# Function/Piecewisely defined/1/Continuity/Exercise

We consider the function
    $f(x)={\begin{cases}1{\text{ for }}x\leq -1\,,\\x^{2}{\text{ for }}-1<x<2\,,\\-2x+7{\text{ for }}x\geq 2\,.\end{cases}}\,$
Determine the points $x\in \mathbb {R}$ where $f$ is continuous.
# Function/R/Even/Graph/Exercise

Let $f\colon \mathbb {R} \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$ be a function. Where can you recognize, considering the graph of $f$, whether $f$ is an even function?
# Function/R/Limit/Epsilon/Characterizations/Fact

Let $T\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ denote a subset and $a\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Let
    $f\colon T\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$
be a function and $b\in \mathbb {R}$ a point. Then the following statements are equivalent.
* We have
    $\operatorname {lim} _{x\rightarrow a}\,f(x)=b\,.$
* For every sequence ${\left(x_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ in $T$ which converges to $a$, also the image sequence ${\left(f(x_{n})\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ converges to $b$.
# Engineering Projects/Hydraulic ram/Howard Community College

Howard Community College is starting this project in the fall of 2012.
       Fall2012
# Engineering Projects/Igloo
## Idea

Create instructions, lists of materials, job categories, construction strategies for Igloo and ice buildings so that engineering students can build them when it gets cold and/or snows.

## College/Universities

Howard Community College
# Engineering Projects/Hydraulic ram
## Project Water RAM

A hydraulic ram converts the kinetic energy of lots of water into potential energy of a little bit of water. It can fill a water tank 200 feet higher than the ram which is at the top of a hill. It does this without electricity. The goal is to build one and setup a mobile minature demonstration of how it works.

## Tutorials

    old documentation
# Engineering Projects/Hydraulic ram/Howard Community College/Fall2012

p1-504-vrbr \
p2501ATandT
p3501HSTandT
# Engineering Projects/IGEM
## Idea

IGEM is a synthetic biology (hour long video) or genetic engineering competition. The goal is to find a local IGEM team and begin participating in its meetings. The competition cycle starts in March and runs through November. Most team projects are a mix of electronic, software, and cell biology. Teams raise money for the entry fee which includes a bio brick in the winter. Teams can include students from a variety of schools. When this happens, teams split up, do their own thing, then combine their work or focus on what appears the most successful. The goal is not to create bacteria that make our arm pits smell better or lightening bugs that glow RGB much brighter. The goal can be to develop tools that make the whole process more affordable.
# Engineering Projects/Hydraulic ram/Howard Community College/Fall2012/p1501ATandT
## Electronic Sections Expected
### Problem Statement

To create a pump that will successfully move water against gravity several hundred feet without using electricity.

### Team Members

Aaron Brent
Timothy Fries
Tolulope Ajayi

### Story

The group met and decided on a problem statement. We researched how a hydraulic ram works, and looked at examples of hydraulic rams that others had built. We found two Youtube videos particularly helpful, Links are here and here. The first video shows a ram that is approximately the same size as the one that we set out to build as an initial design. The second video is of a much larger ram, and may be the inspiration for a later expansion of the project.
for the second week we decided to get a comprehensive list of the materials we needed for the ram; in addition we made a decision rubric on what size the prototype and the real ram would be.

### Decision List

    1. On what size the prototype and real ram would be
    2. whether to make prototype with a 1/2" waste valve or 1"

### Material List

    1. waste valve
    2. snifter valve
    3. non-return valve
    4. PVC pipes
    5. pressure tank
    6. pipes
    7. water pressure guages
    8. T-joins
    9. Regular joins
    10. PVC cement
    11. 1" diameter steel pipe
    12. 3" PVC cape

### Tutorials

Here are some tutorials on how to build an hydraulic ram that were produced by outside sources
    1.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgrythkYDIg
    2.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-cGi1rF6yQ&feature=fvwberel
    3.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkrWEAyYhbU
# 2008 global economic crisis

The global economic crisis of 2008 was triggered initially by problems in the US credit and housing markets, but from there has spread to the rest of the world's economies. This initiative will try to explain how this happened, what measures have been taken to reduce the bad effects, and so forth.

## Describing Global Economic Crisis

It is interesting to understand the how an economic or financial crisis emanates before going into the details of its effects, consequences and remedies. The modern world has witnessed several financial crisis during the last 100 years. These crisis have largely been associated with classical booms and busts in credit markets that results in a boom and bust in banking and securities markets. A typical starting point of crisis is a shock in macro economic environment resulting in a changed profit outlook and enhanced bank lendings to fuel the economic wheel. The optimistic sentiments about future outlook lead to an abnormal hike in prices of specific assets and herding henceforth. Then suddenly this buble implodes and cut to size the investors expectation in such an unmanageable way that the widening gap between profits and speculative prices becomes hard to fil. This further moves up the interest rates and results in liquidity dry ups in market. Businesses start to contract in the wake of increasing real values of debt under disinflationary pressures. This all process put that banks in a situation of distress which lead to an ultimate failure if become persistent. The government intervention becomes imminent either in form of bailout, liquidation or forced closure etc.

## Methods

* Survey wikimedia participants on how it has affected them?
* Survey wikimedia participants on their understanding?
* Come up with timelines and connections showing how the problem spread from one sector to another, and from one national economy to another.
* Discursive materials for floating ideas and solutions, discussion preferably including both economists and non-economists.
# 2837 University

* Please help develop and classify this resource
* Learn how you can develop this resource to teach participants about 2837 University. Choose a subject, education level, and resource type to classify the resource by. You may learn more about the topic to help you develop and classify the resource from:
The 2837 University is an initiative of the Agitprospace in San Diego, USA.
Roberto Greco and his network have prepared this extensive reading list (Google Docs). We're working out the best way to bring that list into Wikiversity without triggering the spam filter. We plan to improve the organization of content, and set collaborative learning assignments around the vast range of case studies, concepts and proposals listed there.
# 1 Timothy (CCL)/Week 9
## Assignments

* El principio es dios y asta el final es el aquel que no ocupo a ser cosas banas y justo y misericordioso y el sabe la verdad no ocupa mentiras el sabe lo mas importante y lo que pasa crees que ésto termina así dios es grande Jehová es mi pastor y con el nada me faltara
# 2010 Challenge

Research Project: Engineering Meets Medicine
We have formed a plan for team Beatles to compete in the 2010 First Lego League challenge, and our team consists of the following members:
Mia Armstrong
Jonas Armstrong
Zane Czarnecki
Hannah Doscisz
Abbie Downard
Jacob Downard
Sam Herring
Sean Stevens
Based on our experience in 2009 as a first year team, we have learned a few things. First, we have learned that more parental help is needed. As such, this year Joe Armstrong and I will share the coaching responsibilities, and we’ll be asking all of the parents to help with one part of the challenge. Second, we need to have longer meetings. As such, I am suggesting that we meet on the weekends and not after school. The Downards and Armstrongs can take turns hosting many of the meetings in their garages (where we can leave the playing field set up), and we can have some special gatherings to work on research at the houses of other members of our team. Third, there may be a second team from Flagstaff Junior Academy, but it will have its own set of coaches with its own time and place for practices. It was simply too difficult to keep things on track last year with so many kids pulling us in different directions. Finally, we need to get an earlier start.
Here is the list of activities. A parent from each family needs to pick one to act as a helper:
1) doing the research and writing the presentation;
3) building the lego objects for the playing field and the robot;
3) programming the robot. (Laurie)
Last, but not least, we need to organize snacks for each gathering. (Marian)
When the parts for the challenge arrive in early August, we can set aside some days to get everything built. That way, when the rules and points for the playing field are announced in early September, we'll be able to spend more time on the design of the robot and programming in the fall.
The challenge for 2010 is "Engineering Meets Medicine." Information about the challenge is available at the FLL website.
Our initial idea is build on what we did last year on bicycles and focus on the use of adaptive bikes by folks with one or another kind of medical problem. The options include the challenges faced by those who have visual impairments, difficulties with muscular control, or balance and cognitive impairments. It might be possible, for instance, to use an adaptive trike with a seeing eye dog and/or a Lego brick with ultrasonic sensors to help a person with visual impairment ride a bike safely.
# 1st law of motion

1st LAW OF MOTION
It states that
"A body tends to be in a state of rest or of uniform motion until an external force is applied on it."
This law was given by SIR ISSAC NEWTON, however it was first observed by GALILEO GALILEI. He(galileo galilei) performed an experiment where in he took frictionless 2 frictionless surfaces or planes namely 1 & 2 inclined at the same angle from the ground facing each other as shown in the fig 1 . He then dropped a smooth frictionless ball from one end of the planes noting it's height and he saw that the ball is traveling to the same height on the other plane also. He then changes the angle of the plane 2 and repeated the same procedure with varying the angle of plane 2. Each time he performed the experiment he observed that the ball is trying to attain the same height from which he dropped the ball. then what he did was that, he places a frictionless surfaced on the ground as shown in fig. 2 and dropped the ball from the same height. He saw that the ball is going on traveling it did not stop. For which he concluded that "the ball keeps on traveling as it is trying to attain the height from which it was dropped which is not possible as the angle between the ground and the plane is 0, so the ball will keep on traveling trying to attain this height." Later NEWTON studied Galileo's work and came up with this 1st law of motion.
Where do we see the 1st law of motion coming in application?
# 2-bit Walsh permutation

There are  A002884(2) = 2 * 3 = 6 invertible binary 2×2 matrices.
They form the general linear group GL(3,2). It is isomorphic to the symmetric group S$_3$ and the dihedral group D$_3$ (see here).
| overview | overview | transformation arrows | transformation arrows | transformed object | transformed object |
transformed objects in two directions :
| vector | det. |
| 1 2 | + |
| 2 1 | − |
| 1 3 | + |
| 3 1 | − |
| 3 2 | + |
| 2 3 | − |

## Cayley table

| 2×2 transformation matrices | 2×2 transformation and 4×4 permutation matrices | all 3×3 permutation matrices (same as 4×4 matrices without trivial fixed point) |
| one of the S$_3$ subgroups of S$_4$ | 2×2 transformation and 4×4 permutation matrices | all 3×3 permutation matrices (same as 4×4 matrices without trivial fixed point) |
# 20th Century British Novel

Literary Studies > 20th Century British Novel
Please see Template_talk:Unit_boilerplate for more information.

## Unit Summary

* Course code: ALTU???
* Suggested Prerequisites:
* Time investment:
* Assessment suggestions:
* Faculty: Arts
* School: School:Language and Literature
* Department: Topic:Literary Studies
* Stream
* Level:

## Unit materials

* Study guide:

### Texts

* DH Lawrence: The Rainbow
* Virginia Woolf
* EM Forster
* Graham Greene
* Evelyn Waugh
* JRR Tolkein
* George Orwell
* Aldous Huxley
* Rudyard Kipling
* Angela Carter
* TH White
* Faye Weldon
* Deborah Moggach
* Salman Rushdie
* JG Ballard
* Martin Amis
* Timothy Mo
* Kazuo Ishiguro
* Stella Gibbons
* Graham Swift
* Peter Ackroyd
* Robert Holdstock
* HG Wells
* PG Wodehouse
* Agatha Christie
* Iris Murdoch
* Jean Rhys
* Doris Lessing
* Mervyn Peake
* Michael Moorcook
* William Golding
* PD James

### Assignments

* Week xxxx
** Read: Joseph Conrad's The Secret Agent
** Write: a two page double-spaced paper ready for posting on the talk page by 5pm EST
* Week yyyy
* Read: Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier
* Write: a two page double-spaced paper ready for posting on the talk page by 5pm EST
# English-Chinese/Gene

Genes are forms of DNA. DNA is a collection of chemical information that carries the instructions for making all the proteins a cell will ever need. Each gene contains a single set of instructions. These instructions usually code for a particular protein. Humans have about 20,000 genes that code proteins and many more that are non-coding. Half of a person's genes come from the mother. The other half come from the father.
基因 是 DNA的 形式。 DNA 是 一组 化学信息的 集合，它 包含了 制作 细胞 所需的 所有 蛋白质的 说明。每个 基因 包含 一组 指令。这些 说明 通常 编码 特定的 蛋白质。人类 有 大约 20,000个 编码蛋白质的 基因，还有 更多 是 非编码的 基因。一个人的 一半 基因 来自 母亲。另一半 来自 父亲。
# English-Chinese/George takes a bath every day

George takes a bath every day.
George 每天 洗澡。
# English-Chinese/Gastronomy

Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating.
美食 是 研究 食物 和 文化 之间的 关系，准备 和 提供 丰富 或 精致 和 开胃 食物的 艺术，特定 地区的 烹饪 风格，以及 良好 饮食的 科学。
# English-Chinese/Genetic factors influence the development of cardiovascular disease in men who are less than 55 years-old and in women who are less than 65 years old

Genetic factors influence the development of cardiovascular disease in men who are less than 55 years-old and in women who are less than 65 years old.
遗传因素影响年龄小于55岁的男性和年龄小于65岁的女性心血管疾病的发展。
# English-Chinese/Geology

Geology is the study of the nonliving things that the Earth is made of. Geology is the study of rocks in the Earth's crust. People who study geology are called geologists. Some geologists study minerals and the useful substances the rocks contain such as ores and fossil fuels. Geologists also study the history of the Earth.
地质学 是 研究 地球 构成的 非生物。地质学 是 研究 地壳中的 岩石。研究 地质学的 人 称为 地质学家。一些 地质学家 研究 矿物 和 岩石中的 有用 物质 如 矿石 和 化石 燃料。地质学家 也 研究 地球的 历史。
# English-Chinese/Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometers, and its 2017 population is about 3.718 million

Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometers, and its 2017 population is about 3.718 million.
格鲁吉亚占地面积69,700平方公里，2017年人口约为371.8万。
# English-Chinese/General relativity

General relativity is a theory of space and time. The theory was published by Albert Einstein in 1915. The central idea of general relativity is that space and time are two aspects of spacetime. Spacetime is curved when there is gravity, matter, energy, and momentum. The links between these forces are shown in the Einstein field equations.
广义相对论 是 一种 空间 和 时间的 理论。该 理论 由 Albert Einstein 于 1915年 发表。广义相对论 的 核心思想 是 空间 和 时间 是 时空的 两个 方面。当 有 重力，物质，能量 和 动量 时，时空 是 弯曲的。这些 力 之间的 联系 显示 在 Einstein场方程中。
# English-Chinese/Genetic factors of schizophrenia include a variety of common and rare genetic variants

Genetic factors of schizophrenia include a variety of common and rare genetic variants.
精神分裂症的遗传因素包括各种常见和罕见的遗传变异。
# English-Chinese/Geography

Geography is the study of the Earth and its features, its inhabitants, and its phenomena. The word geography comes from the Greek words gê ("Earth") and graphein ("to write, draw"). It means "to write and draw about the Earth". The word was first used by a scientist called Eratosthenes (276-194 B.C.).
地理学 是 研究 地球 及其 特征，居民 及其 现象。地理 这个 词 来源于 Greek语 gê（“地球”） 和 graphein（“写作，绘制”）。它的 意思 是 “写 和 绘制 地球”。这个 词 首先 被 一个 名为 Eratosthenes 的 科学家 使用（276-194 B.C.）。
# English-Chinese/George Washington had a recipe for small beer involving bran, hops, and molasses

George Washington had a recipe for small beer involving bran, hops, and molasses.
乔治华盛顿有一个小啤酒配方，包括麸皮，啤酒花和糖蜜。
# English-Chinese/If the heart is too slow, there may not be enough contractions of the heart to supply the body with the blood that it needs

If the heart is too slow, there may not be enough contractions of the heart to supply the body with the blood that it needs.
如果心脏太慢，可能没有足够的心脏收缩来为身体提供所需的血液。
# English-Chinese/If there is no evidence, it is not knowledge

If there is no evidence, it is not knowledge.
如果没有证据，那就不是知识。
# English-Chinese/If you give your all

If you give your all, you give 100% of your energy, attention, etc.
如果你全力以赴，你可以给予100％的能量，注意力等。
# English-Chinese/If the coronary arteries get very small, or if they become blocked, blood cannot flow through them normally

If the coronary arteries get very small, or if they become blocked, blood cannot flow through them normally.
如果冠状动脉变得非常小，或者它们被阻塞，则血液不能正常流过它们。
# English-Chinese/If you're gaining weight, you need to make slight adjustments to your food and exercise programme

If you're gaining weight, you need to make slight adjustments to your food and exercise programme.
如果你体重增加，你需要对你的食物和锻炼计划做一些调整。
# English-Chinese/If the blood pressure continues to be too high, it will put extra stress on the heart and blood vessels

If the blood pressure continues to be too high, it will put extra stress on the heart and blood vessels.
如果血压持续过高，会给心脏和血管带来额外的压力。
# English-Chinese/If you air something, you broadcast it

If you air something, you broadcast it, either over the radio, or on television.
Hurry! You'll miss the story about homeless children that is about to air on the local news!
如果你播放某些东西，你可以通过收音机或电视播放。
快！不然你会错过那些即将在当地新闻播出的无家可归儿童的故事！
# English-Chinese/Igneous rock

Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock.
火成岩是三种主要岩石类型之一，其他岩石是沉积岩和变质岩。
# English-Chinese/If the rhythm is too fast, the heart may not have time for blood to enter the chambers, so there is not enough blood moving through the heart with each beat

If the rhythm is too fast, the heart may not have time for blood to enter the chambers, so there is not enough blood moving through the heart with each beat.
如果节奏太快，心脏可能没有时间让血液进入腔室，因此每次心跳都没有足够的血液通过心脏移动。
# English-Chinese/If you act in some way, you do something that makes people think you are that way

If you act in some way, you do something that makes people think you are that way.
When he must do something, he acts quickly.
如果你以某种方式行事，你会做一些让人们认为你就是这样的事情。
当他必须做某事时，他会迅速采取行动。