OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Minerals/Metalloids

Metalloids are elements whose properties are intermediate between metals and solid nonmetals or semiconductors.
A variety of elements are often considered metalloids:
* boron, considered here in the boronides,
* aluminum, a face-centered cubic metal, considered in the aluminides,
* silicon, here in the siliconides,
* gallium (it can occur in the liquid state as a mineraloid),
* germanium,
* arsenic,
* selenium, also included in the chalcogens,
* cadmium,
* indium,
* tin,
* antimony,
* tellurium, also included in the chalcogens,
* polonium, considered as among the heavy metals and
* astatine, here is with the halogens.

## Minerals

Each of the metalloids, in the native or elemental form has at least one crystal structure, but these structures may not be the usual cubic structures: face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic that metals often occur in.

## Galliums

While native gallium would be the best source of gallium, it apparently does not occur on Earth.
Gallite (CuGaS$_2$) is 25 at % gallium.

## Germaniums

The sample of germanite on the right has a composition of Cu$_{26}$Fe$_4$Ge$_4$S$_{32}$. Generally, germanite has a composition closer to Cu$_3$(Ge, Ga, Fe, Zn) (S,As)$_4$. "This sample also contains tennantite."

## Arsenics

Native arsenic such as in the image on the right and at the top of this resource occurs in silver ore veins.

## Allemontites

Allemontite is a native alloy of arsenic and antimony, with a composition of AsSb.
The first example on the right is from the mineral collection of Brigham Young University Department of Geology, Provo, Utah.
The second is from Příbram, Central Bohemia Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic.
As a natural source of arsenic, it has 50 at % arsenic.

## Seleniums

On the right is a photograph of native selenium from the mineral collection of Brigham Young University Department of Geology, Provo, Utah.
The second image down on the right shows dark gray selenium in sandstone from Westwater Canyon Section 23 Mine Grants, New Mexico.

## Indiums

On the right are microprobe fragments of native indium from Eastern Transbaikal, Russia. The electron microprobe confirms that indium is the only component of the metallic phase.

## Tins

Native tin such as in the images on the right occurs in two crystal forms: α-Sn (cubic) and β-Sn (tetragonal).

## Antimonies

Native antimony such as occurs in the rock on the upper right with its various oxidation products is crystalline in the hexagonal system.
The second image shows hexagonal crystals with metallic luster.

## Telluriums

On the right is an example of native tellurium from the Emperor Mine, Vatukoula, Tavua Gold Field, Viti Levu, Fiji.

## Hypotheses

* Traditional metalloid recovery processes applicable on Earth may not be so applicable on other astronomical objects such as Mars or the Moon.
# Minerals/Metals/Alkaline earths/Quiz

Alkaline earth minerals is a lecture from the school of geology. It is about solid, crystalline substances containing the alkaline earth elements of the periodic table that occur in and compose astronomical objects. It focuses on materials that may occur on the surface of or associated with some astronomical objects.
You are free to take this quiz based on alkaline earth minerals at any time.
To improve your scores, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also and External links, and in the {{radiation astronomy resources}} and {{geology resources}} templates. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information using more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* Alkaline earths are often found in all rocks.
# Minerals/Metals/Alkalis/Quiz

Alkali minerals is a lecture from the school of geology. It is about solid, crystalline substances containing the alkaline earth elements of the periodic table that occur in and compose astronomical objects. It focuses on materials that may occur on the surface of or associated with some astronomical objects.
You are free to take this quiz based on alkali minerals at any time.
To improve your scores, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also and External links, and in the {{radiation astronomy resources}} and {{geology resources}} templates. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information using more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* Alkali metals are often found in all rocks.
# Minerals/Metalloids/Quiz

Metalloid minerals is a lecture and an article from the school of geology and the radiation astronomy department. It is about solid, crystalline substances that occur in and compose astronomical objects including the Earth. It focuses on materials containing large amounts of aluminum that may occur on the surface of or associated with some astronomical objects.
You are free to take this quiz based on metalloid minerals at any time.
To improve your scores, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also and External links, and in the {{radiation astronomy resources}} and {{geology resources}} templates. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information using more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* Metalloid minerals are a generic for formation conditions.
# Gene transcriptions/Boxes/C/Ds/Quiz

C and D boxes is a lecture as part of the gene transcription series.
You are free to take this quiz based on the C and D boxes at any time.
To improve your score, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also, External links, and in the {{gene project}} template. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information from more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* A1BG is not transcribed using C and D boxes.
# Gene transcriptions/Boxes/CAATs/Quiz

CAAT box is a lecture as part of the gene transcription series.
You are free to take this quiz based on the CAAT box at any time.
To improve your score, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also, External links, and in the {{gene project}} template. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information from more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* A1BG is not transcribed by any CAAT box.
# Gene transcriptions/Boxes/ATAs/Quiz

ATA box is a lecture as part of the gene transcription series.
You are free to take this quiz based on the ATA box at any time.
To improve your score, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also, External links, and in the {{gene project}} template. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
To master the information and use only your memory while taking the quiz, try rewriting the information from more familiar points of view, or be creative with association.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* A1BG is not transcribed by ATA boxes.
# Learn SignWriting for American Sign Language

There is a proposal to open a Wikipedia in American Sign Language. At present, it looks like SignWriting will be the dominant mode for content, potentially supplemented with video.
SignWriting is a system for representing the movements of visuospatial signed languages. This project will focus on writing and reading American Sign Language, with a particular focus on use within a Wikipedia or Wiktionary project.
* Introduction
* Handshapes
* Contact
* Movement
* Expression
# Learn SignWriting for American Sign Language/Introduction

SignWriting is a writing system for visuospatial languages, such as American Sign Language. Previous methods of writing such languages have relied on knowledge of another language (as in the case of English glosses) or have been found insufficient for everyday use (as in the case of Stokoe notation).
SignWriting uses iconic symbols to represent the body, it's movement, dynamics, facial expression, etc. It is written in columns going down the page, contrary to English which is written in lines from top to bottom, left to right.
# Learn Romanian

Are you travelling to Romania? Or do you wish to learn a Romance language? Here is a brief introduction to Romanian as a language:
Romanian has many linguistic features in common with Italian, French and Spanish. Even though mutual intelligibility in terms of vocabulary is limited for the first two, the Latin origins offer a grammatical common ground for Romanian in respect to other Romance languages.

## Alphabet

Aa Ââ Ăă Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Îî Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Șș Tt Țț Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
| Letter | Pronunciation | Example | Translation | Observation |
| Aa | [a] | aur [aur] | gold | |
| Ââ | [ɨ] [ɨ din a] | câine [kɨine] | dog | |
| Ăă | [ɘ] | ăsta [ɘsta] | this (this one), informal | |
| Bb | [be] [bɨ] | bebe [bebe] | (little) baby | |
| Cc | [tʃe] [kɨ] | cal [ kal] | horse | pronounced [tʃe] or [tʃi] before vowels E or I, and pronounced [k] before other vowels or consonants |
| Dd | [de] [dɨ] | dar [dar] | gift, but | |
| Ee | | | | |

## Some words

Now that you know the alphabet, you can learn a few examples coming from the nomenclature of animals:
Bear - Urs
Bee - Albină
Bird - Pasăre
Butterfly - Fluture
Cat - Pisică
Chicken - Pui de găină
Cockroach - Gândac
Cow - Vacă
Deer - Cerb
Dog - Câine
Eagle - Vultur
Elephant - Elefant
Fish - Pește
Fly - Muscă
Fox - Vulpe
Frog - Broască

## other ways to learn Romanian ?

* betawikiversity:Pagina principală: Wikiversity in Romanian language
# Learn SignWriting for American Sign Language/Handshapes
## Basic Handshapes

In ASL, there are about 150 distinct handshapes. In SignWriting, the handshape symbols are all derived from 3 basic handshapes:
* Closed fist
** The S and index finger handshapes are both derived from the closed fist, since the fingers touch the palm in both cases.
* Open fist
** The O and D handshapes are derived from the open fist, since the fingers contact each other, not the palm.
* Flat palm
** The claw or 5-hand handshapes are derived from the flat palm, since the fingers do not contact each other or the palm.

## Orientation

* The palm of the hand is represented in white; the back of the hand in black.
* Signs in the wall plane have no space at the knuckle joint; signs in the floor plane have a small space present.
Combined, these provide easy identifiers for the hand's position in space.
# Esper/rp/e

Click column headers to sort word list by language.
Esper', English, Esperanto. :
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Esper', English, German, Lithuanian, Spanish, Esperanto. :
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Esper', English, Italian, Russian, Yiddish, Esperanto. :
# Esper/rp/az

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# Esper/rp/ef

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# Esper/rp/ay

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# Esper/rp/eb

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# Esper/rp/ax

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Esper', English. :
# Esper/rp/aw

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# Esper/rp/ec

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# Esper/rp/ed

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# Esper/rp/av

Click column headers to sort word list by language.
Esper', English, Esperanto. :
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Esper', English, German, Lithuanian, Esperanto. :
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Esper', English, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Esperanto. :
# High School Biology/Participants

Please add yourself below with your signature (so you can be contacted):
* Wesley Gray 23:36, 27 April 2008 (UTC)
* John Schmidt - I just found this....I'm off to look at the wikibook
* B. Mead --ArchabacteriaNematoda 03:20, 12 July 2009 (UTC)
* Bishalbaishya2012 (discuss • contribs) 08:20, 15 December 2014 (UTC)
* -Atcovi (Talk - Contribs) 14:38, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
# High School Biology/Teachers

Teacher Resources The aim of this page is to provide teachers with resources to enhance their students' learning. Such materials include handouts, slideshows, worksheets, and quizzes.
# High School Biology/Lessons/Lesson 2

Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic. This means that they have membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria. There a few similarities between plant and animal cells, (such as vacuoles and a cell membrane) but the way that animal and plant cells function are vastly different from each others.
Plant and animal cells have common organelles which performs similar functions on both plant and animal cells.↵They are > Mitochondria / Ribosomes / Endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth and Rough) / Nucleus (enclosed by a nuclear envelope) / Golgi body. Both plant and animal cells have cell membrane (which is selectively permeable) and a cytoplasm ( which surrounds cell organelles and contains cytoplasmic threads.
However, plant cells have chloroplasts, which is an organelle that conducts photosynthesis, and because animals get sugar from what they eat, they do not need chloroplasts to get their energy. Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles which is a space in the tissue that allows for storage and waste. In plant cells, there is one large vacuole which allows the cell to maintain it's water balance, while animal cells have many smaller vacuoles that help with waste. Centrioles are found in animal cells, but they are also found in some lower plant cells
Plant cells have a cell wall as well as a cell membrane, and the wall allows plant cells to maintain their rectangular shape. Animal cells only have a cell membrane.
# High School Biology/Lessons/Plant and Animal Cells

* Lesson Preview
* The last lesson was on basic cell structure.
* You have learned:
* The History of Cells
* The Cell Theory
* The Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
# High School Biology/Texts

Texts There are two textbooks at Wikibooks currently in development. If you plan on contributing, please add to the FHSST high school book, but the General Biology book serves as a good reference. FHSST Biology General Biology

## Wikiversity Texts

There are a few pages on Wikibooks related to High School Biology that might be of some benefit to students of this course
* User:Atcovi/Notes: Characteristics of Life and Levels of Organization
* User:Atcovi/Science/Introduction to Science, Experimental Design, and Graphing
* User:Atcovi/Science/Biology Terms
# High School Chemistry

Welcome to the learning project on High School Chemistry!
This course will be developed at a level suitable for 14-16 year olds, equivalent to formal education level Key Stage 4 (UK) or Grades 9-10 (US).

## Learning project summary

* Suggested Prerequisites:
** The Highschool Help Forum - Science Stream
* Portal: Portal:Chemistry (List main portal/s here)
* School: School:Chemistry (List main school/s here)
* Department: Topic:High School Chemistry

## Content summary

High School Chemistry serves to teach readers about the topic of Chemistry at the High School Honors (ADV) level. This goes from the introductions to Chemistry to Acids and Bases.

## Goals

In this learning project, we aim to explain and review chemistry topics through means of textual information and short quizzes on those pages.

## Contents/Lessons

* Introduction to Methods of Chemistry
* Atomic Structure, The Periodic Table, and Electrons or Light
* Electrons and Light
* The periodic table/Periodic Trends
* Nomenclature of ionic, covalent compounds, acids, bases, and hydrates
* Intra & Intermolecular Forces
* Chemical Quantities & the Mole
* Stiochiometry
* Thermochemistry & States of Matter
* Gases & Gas Laws
* Solutions, Acids, & Bases

### Learning materials

* Portal:Chemistry

### Readings and other resources

Each project/lesson/activity may have a suggested reading selection. For example:
* w:Portal:Chemistry
* b:High School Chemistry

## Subpages

Subpages can be created - using the syntax '[[/concepts/]]' (for concepts involved in this learning project & without the quotes).
Links to subpages can be automatically shown using
* High School Chemistry
* High School Chemistry/Atomic Structure, The Periodic Table, and Electrons or Light
* High School Chemistry/Chemical Quantities & the Mole
* High School Chemistry/Electrons and Light
* High School Chemistry/Gases & Gas Laws
* High School Chemistry/Intra & Intermolecular Forces
* High School Chemistry/Introduction to Methods of Chemistry
* High School Chemistry/Nomenclature of ionic, covalent compounds, acids, bases, and hydrates
* High School Chemistry/Solutions, Acids, & Bases
* High School Chemistry/Stiochiometry
* High School Chemistry/Thermochemistry & States of Matter

## Active participants

Active participants in this Learning Group
* Exothermic101
* Atcovi
* Learning materials
* Learning materials and learning projects are located in the main Wikiversity namespace (i.e. without any prefix such as 'Topic:' or 'School:'). Simply make a link to the name of the learning resource, lesson, or learning project (these are independent pages in the main namespace, and sometimes subpages when appropriate) and start writing!
* You should also read about the Wikiversity:Learning model. Lessons should center on learning activities for Wikiversity participants. Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple projects - and you are encouraged to cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
# High School Biology/Students

Student Resources The aim of this page is to provide students with resources to become more familiar with biology and review. Examples of such materials would be study guides, flashcards, and links to educational videos.

## Basic Notes

Ecology Relationships

## Test Reviews

Genetic Notes-

## Useful Links

The Biology Project- The University of Arizona's site for Biology education based strongly on Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics topics. Website last revised July 2004.
# Open Pathology Project/Lymph node metastasis
## More information

* Category: Lymph node metastases
* Structured data: depicts Lymph node metastasis
* w:en:Lymph node metastases
* Libre Pathology: Lymph node metastases
# Open Pathology Project/Meningoma

Meningoma is a slow growing tumor arising from the meninges.

## More information

* Category: Histopathology of meningoma
* Structured data: depicts meningoma
* w:en:Meningoma
* Libre Pathology: Meningoma
# Open Pathology Project/Lepromatous leprosy

Lepromatous leprosy is a type of leprosy, characterized by pale skin macules.

## More information

* Category: Histopathology of leprosy
* Structured data: depicts leprosy
* Libre Pathology: Leprosy
* en:w:Leprosy
# Open Pathology Project/Lipoma

Lipoma is a benign tumor containing fat cells.

## More information

* Category: Histopathology of lipomas
* Structured data: depicts Lipoma
* w:en:Lipoma
* Libre Pathology: Lipoma
# Open Pathology Project/Macrophages

Macrophages are white blood cells that engulf foreign bodies, cancer cells and cellular debris.

## More information

* Category: Macrophages
* Structured data : depicts Macrophage
* w:en:Macrophage