OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Digital Filter

In signal processing, a digital filter is a system that performs mathematical operations on a sampled, discrete-time signal to reduce or enhance certain aspects of that signal. This is in contrast to the other major type of electronic filter, the analog filter, which is typically an electronic circuit operating on continuous-time analog signals.
A digital filter system usually consists of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to sample the input signal, followed by a microprocessor and some peripheral components such as memory to store data and filter coefficients etc. Program Instructions (software) running on the microprocessor implement the digital filter by performing the necessary mathematical operations on the numbers received from the ADC. In some high performance applications, an FPGA or ASIC is used instead of a general purpose microprocessor, or a specialized digital signal processor (DSP) with specific paralleled architecture for expediting operations such as filtering.
Digital filters may be more expensive than an equivalent analog filter due to their increased complexity, but they make practical many designs that are impractical or impossible as analog filters. Digital filters can often be made very high order, and are often finite impulse response filters, which allows for linear phase response. When used in the context of real-time analog systems, digital filters sometimes have problematic latency (the difference in time between the input and the response) due to the associated analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions and anti-aliasing filters, or due to other delays in their implementation.
Digital filters are commonplace and an essential element of everyday electronics such as radios, cellphones, and AV receivers.

## Learning Tasks

* (Colors) Consider a color images and convert the image into greyscale. Explain, how color images are stored e.g. as an RGB image and explain how the color information are converted in brightness.
* (Loss of Information) Explain why a filter processes remove specific information and how the loss of information has e.g. an impact on the file size.
* (Audio-Video-Compression) Look at principles for the compression of digital audio and video files. What are the benefits of those compression algorithms? Why is the loss of information acceptable for the eye or ear according to the video and audio signal?

## Submodules

* Characterization
# Minecraft/Food

Food in Minecraft is necessary to survive. They are a lot of foods in Minecraft (or items USED to make food) such as:
* Wheat
* Carrot
* Potato
* Pumpkins
* Eggs
* Sugar Cane (used to make sugar, which is used in food such as pumpkin pie)
* Melon
* Steak (uncooked steak is Raw Beef)
* Porkchops (uncooked porkchops are Raw Porkchops)
* Cake
* Apple
* Milk
* Stew (Rabbit Stew, and Mushroom stew)
* Mutton (uncooked Mutton is Raw Mutton)
* Fish (depends on what type of fish, they're Pufferfish, Salmon, Clownfish and just regular Fish)
* Spider Eye
* Rabbit (uncooked Rabbit is Raw Rabbit)
* Bread

### Golden Food

* Golden Carrot
* Golden Apple
* Enchanted Golden Apple.
# Minecraft/Combat

Combat is to fight different types of mobs and enemies. These tools are mostly fighting mobs, in which mobs have its different shape, size, health, and strength. This subpage of Minecraft will show different type of tools in which to battle certain type of mobs. This will also show different TYPES of combat, such as Diamond, Wood, Stone and Chain.

## Battle Swords

Swords are weapons/tools used in Minecraft to battle against players (if on Multiplayer or local singleplayer), or mobs, and can be used to destroy/break things that it is meant to break/destroy, such as cobwebs, vines, leaves, and coco beans. These nifty things can be crafted, or found in chests in strongholds, hidden caves, and in a village (blacksmith's house), and can be crafted into six types (Wood, Gold, Stone, Iron, Diamond, and Netherite - from the lowest to highest attack power). These swords are the best tools to use in a PvP (Player vs Player) battle/against a mob. Swords aren't the only tools, though, for battling, but it is the most logical, used, and powerful tool for PvPing, and it is smart to use one in a battle.
Swords, also like other tools/armor/books, can be enchanted using the enchantment table.
Swords, if they are the same type, can be repaired like bows can (in a crafting table), but it is most commonly used to repair swords in an anvil (with another sword, or ingots/diamonds, other wooden sword... depends on the type of sword). Swords can also combine enchants too (Unbreaking I and Unbreaking I combined together = Unbreaking II) in an anvil. You can, as well (like armor/other tools/and random things such as sticks, blocks, books, etc.), name/rename your sword in an anvil. you can also take enchantment off your sword using a grindstone. if you hit a mob mid jump you can do crit damage which can kill mobs faster.
You can block an attack by a mob/player by using your sword as a shield, it will block a portion of the incoming attack, but it will, as well, slow down your movement.

### Gold

=== Wood ===There are 6 types of wood in Minecraft. Each has a different shade of bark and wood
If you're building with raw wood you might want to match your varieties to get a uniform look. These 6 varieties are native to different biomes. Jungle wood grows in jungle biomes; oak grows in forest, swamps,ice plains, extreme hills and jungles; and Birch grows in forest and birch forest; and acacias in savanna. You could embark on a wood safari!

## Sources

* Minecraft Wikia - Sword
* Youtube's "MrCubey" - Guide on Swords
# Minecraft/Mobs

"Mobs" is the term used in Minecraft for any of the living creatures in the game. It is short for "Mobile entity".

## Hostile Mobs

These mobs will attack the player on sight (except Endermen).

### Boss Mobs

These mobs are the strongest creatures in the game.
* Ender Dragon - The final boss. It is found in the End dimension. They regain health from End Crystals which are on top of Obsidian Pillars. It has 100 hearts (200 hp). After defeating The Ender dragon, the Dragon Egg spawns at the top of the portal. The Ender Dragon can be respawned by using ender crystals by placing 4 around the portal.
* Wither - Another boss mob that attacks with Wither Skull projectiles that explode on impact. It also inflicts the Wither effect. They are created with 4 Soul Sand blocks and 3 Wither Skulls. This mob regenerates health over time. When its health is below half, it becomes immune to projectiles. the Wither's health on Java Edition is set to 150 hearts (300 hp), but on Bedrock Edition changes depending on the difficulty set. On Easy its has the same amount as on Java Edition, on Normal it has 225 hearts (450 hp), and on Hard it has even more health than the Warden, at 300 hearts (600 hp)
* Warden has 250 hearts (500 hp) and is considered one of the strongest mobs in the game. The Warden as much health as the Java Edition Wither and Ender Dragon combined. The warden is found in the deep dark and is spawned from skulk sensors.
# Mind Mapping/Lesson 1

This first lesson on Mind Mapping is about the why: why should you learn to Mind Map in the first place? But before you jumpstart into reading this entire lesson, let me remind you that you learn best by doing. And what better way to start then to ask you a little question:
"Why did you come to this wikipage?"
Learning activity: Go to the Answers Page now to read what others said. Then edit the page to share your own answer and come back here.

## "Do I have a problem then?"

People have many problems in their lives, and so do you probably. Mind Mapping is technique that could solve at least some minor problems for you. To get a feeling of the kinds of problems that it can solve, let's have a look at what some Mind Mapping users said about the kind of problems that it solved for them.
Do you have a problem then?
* "I was faced with huge amounts of information that I couldn't seem to organize nicely. I had trouble memorizing it all and from time to time, I simply forgot some important tasks that I had to do."
* "When organizing projects for my club, I always felt a little bit lost in all the to-do's. It seemed like an endless list of chores without me ever getting a grasp on the whole of the project."
* "In class, I got bored quickly with copying what the teacher wrote on the blackboard. I felt that I didn't really learn or understand it that way."
* "When studying for an exam, I made summaries of 5 to 6 pages which in the end I couldn't really structure well. Big summaries just didn't give me the overview that I needed, only the details."
* "Whenever I had to speak in front of a group of people, I felt stressed. Partly because on one side I wanted to write everything down that I wanted to say and secondly I wanted to have the freedom to elaborate on some subjects beyond what I had written down."
Editor remark: The first thing when i open this page comes to my mind is what will be next? So all i can do is wait till some signal that will drive me to get ahead another step
# Mindfulness

* Introduction to Mindfulness
* This is a training resource on mindfulness
* Developed as part of a university assignment for the course Group Work at University of Canberra.
* This page can be accessed at: http://tinyurl.com/introtomindfulness

## What is Mindfulness?

Mindfulness is the psychological state of paying attention on a moment-to-moment basis. In this state, a person is both aware and accepting of each thought and sensory perception that may arise.

## History of Mindfulness

Coming soon...please see mindfulness for more information

## Mindfulness Meditation

Place some examples of mindfulness meditation sessions.
With some sort of physicals example say, I can ensue threw being in a sort of metaphysical, /( mind and thought pattern)-induced or, an out of mind minimal brain function wave sensory field, then in a heightened hierarchy and in this, the practice of purposely bringing one's attention to the present-moment experience without evaluation.
Clinical psychology and psychiatry since the 1970s have developed a number of therapeutic applications based on mindfulness for helping people experiencing a variety of psychological conditions. Mindfulness practice has been employed to reduce depression, stress, anxiety, and in the treatment of drug addiction, as well as sever cases of minute deflection from ones perception or ones self and the world around them in the sense of a whole.

## See Also

* Place link to slide show.
* The White Bear Activity
* What Meditation Really Is: Mingyur Rinpoche (Video)
* Music and LIfe - Alan Watts (Video)
* Matrix - The Pill Scene (Video)

## Resources

* Group Work Course/Developmental Notes (Blondlox Blog)
# Enrolled Agent Preparation Program/Catalog

The Enrolled Agent Preparation Program consists of the following three courses which mirror the three parts of the Special Enrollment Examination
* Part I: US Individual Taxation (SEE)
* Part II: US Business Taxation (SEE)
* Part III: IRS Representation, Practice and Procedure (SEE)
# Enrolled Agent Preparation Program/Participants
## Course Contributors

Add yourself!

## Mentors

Add yourself!

## Students

Add yourself!
# Enterprise Resource Planning

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a category of business-management software—typically a suite of integrated applications—that an organization can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities, including product planning, cost, manufacturing or service delivery, marketing and sales, inventory management, shipping and payment.

## Resources

* Accounting
* Application Setup
* Components
* Entrepreneurship
* Implementation
* Presales and Business Analysis
* Project Apprenticeship
* Project Management
* Projects
* Reporting
* Software and Development
* SAP
* Open Source

## See Also

* Material Requirements Planning
* Manufacturing Resource Planning
* Wikipedia: Enterprise resource planning
# Enrolled Agent Preparation Program/Intro

Enrolled Agents are federally authorized tax practitioners who are licensed under Circular 230 to practice before the Internal Revenue Service. They are the only IRS regulated tax professionals. What makes this credential unique is that there is no prerequisite coursework or mandated work experience to achive licensure. Enrollment is granted either by passing a three part examination (the IRS Special Enrollment Exam/SEE) or by virtue of service as an IRS employee in specified capacities. This program is intended to be a free resource allowing interested students to study for the IRS Special Enrollment Examination. Students who have completed this program's courses should have the requisite knowledge to sit for the Special Enrollment Exam.
# Enterprise Resource Planning/Accounting

This is a course about enterprise resource planning (ERP) accounting, or ERP accounting.

## Programme

This is a module part of the Open Source ERP/Executive Masters course conducted by a private university.

### Subject

ERP Accounting - From Basics to Financial Management

### Objectives

The objectives of this subject are:
* To grasp the core Accounting Principles behind ERP processes
* To appreciate the global different localisation on Accounting
* To know the Accounting Consequences of the main Document Types
* To understand the Financial Management needs and issues of ERP

### Learning Outcomes

On completion of this subject the students shall be able to:
* Demonstrate basic simple accounting equations
* Perform GL Journal entries in the ERP application
* Trace the Accounting Consequence of each document process in ERP
* Troubleshoot and suggest modifications to the accounting model
* Produce Financial Reports from the ERP System

### Sypnosis

This subject handles just enough accounting and financial aspects of the ERP system. It covers the supply chain accounting consequences, where the ERP produces a complete balanced set of financial reports for periodic as well as regulatory purposes.

## Subject Details
### Basic Accounting

(15 hrs)
* ^1 - Concept of ERP Accounting (Perpetual, and Default Accounts Posting)
* ^2 - Accounting Equation and Its Transactions (Assets, Liabilities, Revenues, Costs)
* ^3 - Basic trial balances, T-accounts and drawing up simple accounts

### Accounting Setup

(20 hrs)
* ^4 - Commitment and Accrual Accounting
* ^5 - The Chart of Accounts
* ^6 - Accounting Schemas
* ^7 - Budgetary Planning

### Accounting Consequence

(20 hrs)
* ^9 - Accounting Types
* ^10 - Document Type concept
* ^11 - Integration of AR / AP in ERP
* ^12 - Source Code Classes

### Account Viewer

(15 hrs)
* ^13 - Account Type
* ^14 - Summary and Groupings
* ^15 - Dimensions

### Project Accounting

(20 hrs)
* ^16 - Activity Based Accounting
* ^17 - Project Code
* ^18 - RFP and Tender Handling
* ^19 - e-Bidding and e-Marketplace

### GL Journal

(15 hrs)
* ^20 - Double Entry via Journal Batches
* ^21 - Processing Batches
* ^22 - Journal Proof

### Product Assets

(15 hrs)
* ^23 - Type of Assets
* ^24 - Fixed Assets Accounting
* ^25 - Production Assets Accounting
* ^26 - Assets Maintenance

### See Also

* Project Reference
* Accounting Dictionary
# Enterprise Resource Planning/Accounting/1
## Introduction to the accounting equation

This is a lesson part of the module ERP Accounting out of the Open Source ERP/Executive Masters course conducted by a private university.

## Topics

* The accounting equation is the basis for book keeping and all accounting. A strong fundamental understanding of this equation and its application is the difference between having a passing understanding of accounting versus being able to add value, and squeezing the maximum benefit from OSS ERP.

### Discussion

* Why is "book keeping" also called the "double entry system" ?
* Can you name some of the benefits of adopting the "double entry system" ?

### Activities

* Publish your works in an attractive manner in your user page, stating your own views and findings providing links to your sources. Use the talk page here to score marks.
* Create or edit sub-pages of course materials within wikiversity.
* Discuss in the forum (link shall be provided) by offering your ideas and answering or comment on others' postings.
* Work through all the drills from AccountingCoach.
# Enterprise Resource Planning/Components
## Programme

This is a module part of the Open Source ERP/Executive Masters course conducted by a private university.

### Subject

ERP Components- Modules Workshops
   A capable and professional ERP implementor is often a person with real grunt work exposure with business applications. There are various differentiated applications of ERP that are sometimes diverse and unconnected to one another. Learning about such differences and how to map them as common components is a plus.

### Objectives

The objectives of this subject are:
* To work hands-on various functional module workshops
* To go through some Packaging Tools to Import/Export Modules
* To gain experience in various ERP disciplines

### Learning Outcomes

On completion of this subject the students shall be able to:
* Make use of a Packaging tool to import a real sub project
* Recompile the projects and deploy it successdully
* Gather more experience and exposure among the community
* Contribute Learning Points back to the Wiki and Forums

### Sypnosis

This subject covers the important key modules and tools in an Open Source ERP project. Practical workshops for the students to gain experience using online resources and the community to achieve a satisfactory self-sufficient capability in making various modules work. The experience and confidence obtained can be applied to other technical challenges in a future career.

## Subject Details
### Full Case Setup

(20hrs)
* Sample Importer/Exporter of Packages
** Using 2Pack
** Using ADCK
** Importing EDI Package

### Group Project I - POS

(20 hrs)
* Project Workshop
* Learning Points

### Group Project II - CRM

(20 hrs)
* Project Workshop
* Learning Points

### Group Project III - Human Resource

(20 hrs)
* Project Workshop
* Learning Points

### Group Project IV - Fixed Assets

(20 hrs)
* Project Workshop
* Learning Points

### Project Documentation

(20 hrs)
* Reviewing Wiki
* Proposing New materials
* Reorganising Present Materials
* Submitting for Merit/Credit
# Enrolled Agent Preparation Program/Resources
## More on Enrolled Agents

* Enrolled Agent article on Wikipedia
* National Association of Enrolled Agents

## Course Resources

* Circular 230
* Internal Revenue Code
* Treasury Regulations
# Ensure site usability for full range of users

Web Design → Ensure site usability for full range of users
This page is part of the Web Design project. :
From the official document:
    "This unit defines the competency required to ensure that clients can use a website once a connection has been established."
Basically, that means ... (translate above into plain english)
You can read more about this unit on the National Training Information Systems Official document for ICAT4184A.
This unit is part of the following qualifications:

## How this unit will help you

After learning and applying the skills required by this unit you'll be able to demonstrate your skills in:
| ELEMENT | PERFORMANCE CRITERIA |
| 1. Design a site user test | Establish usability test methods Identify critical business functions Identify full range of users Confirm user expectations through market analysis, business intelligence and customer feedback Establish performance potential of the business from business requirements or other approved sources Establish performance measurement and success criteria to measure actual performance against user expectations Test site when ready and record outcomes |
| 2. Conduct user test | Document process performance indicators and benchmarks and disseminate to sample group of users Assemble a full representative range of users and preferred technologies to test site features and functions based on the business specification Ensure maximum user satisfaction through ease of navigation controls and design Ensure user and legal, accessibility, privacy and equity requirements and expectations are met |
| 3. Evaluate user test | Collate site performance results and measure against performance indicators and benchmarks based on user expectations Identify performance shortfalls and ensure acceptable performance solutions are developed according to business requirements Establish an evaluation feedback mechanism and provide to users |
| 4. Document results | Identify solutions to problems during the testing phase Discuss problems with developers and ensure solutions are continuously refined Ensure proposed solutions meet business requirements and user expectations Document final solutions in line with organisational guidelines, and distribute to appropriate person |
* translate the above elements and performance criteria into plain english and summarise here...

## Ideas for demonstrating this unit

The best way to demonstrate these skills is ...

## Grading

If you are demonstrating this unit as part of a formal course, you might find that the unit is graded (meaning you can not only demonstrate your competence, but can also gain a credit or distinction). Your facilitator may already have set criteria that your college uses. If not, here are some ideas for possible credit/distinction activities that you can discuss with your facilitator:
# Missing data
## What is missing data?

Survey responses may have missing data because:
* A respondent did not answer the question (intentionally or unintentionally)
* For hard copy surveys:
** The answer provided did not follow the requested format
** More than two answers are provided
** A response is illegible
In addition, missing data can be introduced, usually unintentionally, if the:
* Data entry person does not enter the data
* Data analyst deletes data (intentionally or unintentionally)
In SPSS:
* For numeric variables, the default for missing data is a decimal point or full-stop in the cell, which will appear automatically. Alternatively a specific value, such as -1 or 99, can be used and specified in the Variable View to indicate missing values.
* For string variables, missing data is indicated by a blank cell
In jamovi:
* Missing is indicated by a blank cell
* Coded missing values can be specified through Variables
Missing data in a cell will mean that a variable and a case each have some missing data.

## Dealing with missing data

The presence of missing data should be identified through data screening.
Strategies for dealing with missing data should be decided prior to data analysis.

### Listwise

One strategy for dealing with missing data is listwise. This means that all cases with even a single piece of missing data (for the variables of interest) will not be used e.g.,:
In other words, to be used in an analysis, each case must be complete (have no missing data) for the variables of interest.
This approach has the advantage of only working with complete data, but it risks removing a lot of potentially useful data.

### Pairwise

Alternatively, missing data can be dealt with pairwise. This means that all available data is used, even from cases with some missing data.
This approach includes more data, but it can mean that there are different Ns for different analyses which can get confusing.

### Imputation

An alternative approach is imputation. Imputation involves predicting or "filling in" the missing data.
The simplest form of imputation is mean replacement (i.e., replace the missing data with the mean score for other cases for the same variable). However, this will exaggerate the central tendency.
When composite scores are computed using responses to two or more variables, tolerance for some missing data can be allowed. In this way, a composite score can be created even when a respondent has some missing data.
More sophisticated imputation uses regression-based prediction (i.e., by using scores on other related variables to predict the missing value). Two common methods are estimation maximalisation or multiple imputation.
# Minoan Civilization/Neopalatial Period

Week 9 of Minoan Civilization