# Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/D

The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms
D
Delerium :
Redirected to Cognitive Impairment
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Cognitive impairment
Problems with mental processes such as thinking, learning and judging
See also
Dementia
The folllowing references are relevant.
Goldman and Litvan (2011) Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Litvan et al(2011) MDS Task Force on Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s disease: Critical Review of PD-MCI
Weintrub et al (2011) Neurodegeneration Across Stages of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease
Further Research
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References
Goldman, J.G. and Litvan, I.(2011) Full TextMinerva Med. 102 (6) 441 – 45>Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Diseasehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370887/
↑ Litvan, I.; D Aarsland, D.; Adler, C. H.; Goldman, J. G.; Kulisevsky, J.; Mollenhauer, B.; Rodriguez-Oroz, M. C.; AI Tröster, Al and D Weintraub, D. (2011) Full TextMov. Disord. 26 (10) 1814 – 1824. MDS Task Force on Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s disease: Critical Review of PD-MCI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181006/
↑ Weintrub, Daniel; Doshi, Jimit;Koka, Deepth; Davatzikos, Christos; Diderowf, Andrew D.; Duda, John E.; Wolk, David, Moberg, Paul J.; Xie, Sharon X. and Clark, Christopher M.(2011) Full TextArch. Neurol. 68 (12) 1562 – 1568. Neurodegeneration Across Stages of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3290902/ :
Delusion :
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Delusion
A fixed false belief that is resistant to reason or confrontation with actuality
The following references are relevant:-
Goldman (2011) New Thoughts on Thought Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: Review of Current Research Strategies and Challenges
Fénelon et al (2012) Feeling of presence in Parkinson's disease
Mack et al (2012) Prevalence of Psychotic Symptoms in a Community-Based Parkinson’s Disease Sample
Further Research
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References
↑ Goldman, Jennifer G. (2011) Full Text J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 82 (11) 1219 – 1224 New Thoughts on Thought Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: Review of Current Research Strategies and Challenges http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3049364/
↑ Fénelon, Gilles; Soulas, Thierry; De Langavant, Cleret, Laurent; Trinkler, Iris and Bachoud-Levi, Anne-Cathherine (2012) Full Text Feeling of presence in Parkinson's disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3382202/
↑ Mack, Joel; Rabins, Peter; Anderson, Karen; Goldstein, Susan; Grill, Stephen; Hirsch, Elaina S.; Lehmann, Susan; Little, John T.; Margolis, Russell L.; Palanci, Justin; Pontone, Gregory; Weiss, Howard; Williams, James R. and Marsh, Laura (2012) Full Text Prevalence of Psychotic Symptoms in a Community-Based Parkinson’s Disease Sample http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3168582/ :
Dementia :
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Dementia
Abnormal progressive decline in cognitive function
See also
Cognitive Impairment
The following references are relevant.
Leverenz et al, (2009) Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Johnson and Galvin (2011) Longitudinal Changes in Cognition in Parkinson's Disease with and without Dementia
Weintraub et al (2011) Neurodegeneration Across Stages of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease
Further Research
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References
↑ Leverenz, James B.; Quinn, Joseph F.; Zabetian, Cyrus;Zhang, Jing; Montine, Kathleen S. and Montine, Thomas J. (date) Full TextCurr. Top Med. Chem. 9 (10) 903 – 912. Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Patients with Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2804995/
↑ Johnson, David K.; and Galvin, James E. (2011) Full Text Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 31 (2) 98 – 108. Longitudinal Changes in Cognition in Parkinson's Disease with and without Dementia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3047760/
↑ Weintraub, Daniel; Doshi, Jimit; Koka, Deepthi’ Davatzikos, Christos; Siderowf, Andrew D.; Duda, John E.; Wolk, David A.; Moberg, Paul J.; Xie, Sharon X. and Clark, Christopher M. (2011) Full TextArch Neurol. 68 (12) 1562 – 1568. Neurodegeneration Across Stages of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3290902/ :
Disequilibrium :
Redirected to Balance.
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Balance
Susceptibility to falls
Alternative terms
Postural instability---Falls
The following references are relevant:-
King et al (2012) Do clinical scales of balance reflect turning abnormalities in people with Parkinson's disease?
Duncan and Earhart (2012) Should One Measure Balance or Gait to Best Predict Falls among People with Parkinson Disease?
Boonsinsukh et al (2012) A Cane Improves Postural Recovery From an Unpracticed Slip During Walking in People With Parkinson Disease
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Balance.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ King, L.A.; Mancini, M,; Priest, K.; Salarian, A.; Rodrigues-de-Paula, F. and Horak, F. (2012) Full Text J. Neurol. Phys. Ther. 36 (1) 25 – 31 Do clinical scales of balance reflect turning abnormalities in people with Parkinson's disease? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22333919
↑ Duncan, Ryan P. And Earhart, Gammon M. (2012) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2012 923493 Should One Measure Balance or Gait to Best Predict Falls among People with Parkinson Disease? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3503435/A
↑ Boonsinsukh, Rumpa; Saegsirsuwan, Vitoon; Carlson-Kuta, Patricia and Horak, Fay.B. (2012) Full Text Phys. Ther. 92 (9) 1117 – 1129 A Cane Improves Postural Recovery From an Unpracticed Slip During Walking in People With Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3432949/ :
Drooling :
Redirected to Sialorrhoea
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Sialorrhoea
Increased salivation
Alternative term:- Drooling
The following references are relevant:-
Kalf et al (2009) Prevalence and definition of drooling in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review
Bloem et al (2009) Debilitating consequences of drooling
Kalf et al (2011) Diurnal and nocturnal drooling in Parkinson’s disease
Further Research
Search the scientific literature - Sialorrhoea
Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Sialorrhoea.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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Search the scientific literature - Drooling
Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Drooling.
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References
↑ Kalf, J.G.; de Swart, B.J.; Borm, G.F.; Bloem, B.R. and Munneke, M. (2009) Full TextJ. Neurol. 256 (9) 1391 – 1396Prevalence and definition of drooling in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2733191/
↑ Bloem, B,R,; Kalf, J.G.; van de Kerkhof, P.C.M. and Zwarts, M.J. (2009) Full TextJ. Neurol. 256 (8) 1382 – 1383Debilitating consequences of drooling http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2721959/
↑ Kalf, J.G.; Bloem, B.R. and Munneke, M. (2011) Full TextJ. Neurol. 259 (1) 119 – 123 Diurnal and nocturnal drooling in Parkinson’s disease
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251785/ :
Drop Foot (locomotion defect whereby the heel of a foot is raised from the ground whle walking) :
Redirected to Foot_Drop
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Foot Drop or (Drop Foot)
Locomotion defect whereby the heel of a foot is raised from the ground while walking
The following references are relevant:-
Belfiore and Campanella (1994) A clinical sign of Parkinson's disease: the absence of lateral foot drop
Rogers et al (2011) Perturbations of ground support alter posture and locomotion coupling during step initiation in Parkinson's disease
The following references are relevant:-
Further Research
Search the scientific literature
Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Foot_Drop.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Belfiore, G. and Campanella, G. (1994) AbstractActa Neurol. (Napoli). 16 (5-6) 291 – 92 A clinical sign of Parkinson's disease: the absence of lateral foot drop http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7709801
↑ Rogers, M.W.; Hilliard, M.J.; Martinez, K.; Zhang, Y.;Simuni, T. and Mille, M.L. (2011) AbstractExp. Brain Res. 208 (4) 557 – 567 Perturbations of ground support alter posture and locomotion coupling during step initiation in Parkinson's disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21153725a :
Dysarthria (speech difficulties due to impairment of the muscles associated with vocalization) :
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Dysarthria
Speech difficulties due to impairment of the muscles associated with vocalization.
The following references are relevant:-
MacPherson et al (2011) The Intonation-Syntax Interface in the Speech of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease
Skodda (2012) Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on Speech Performance in Parkinson's Disease
Walsh and Smith (2011) Linguistic Complexity, Speech Production, and Comprehension in Parkinson’s Disease: Behavioral and Physiological Indices
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Dysarthria.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ MacPherson, Megan K.; Huber, Jessica E. and Snow, David P.(2011) Full TextJ. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 54 (1) 10 – 32 The Intonation-Syntax Interface in the Speech of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3441058/
↑ Skodda, Sabine (2012) Full TextParkinsons Dis. 2012: 85059 Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on Speech Performance in Parkinson's Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3512320/
↑ Walsh, Bridget and Smith, Anne (date) Full TextJ. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 54 (3) 787 – 802 Linguistic Complexity, Speech Production, and Comprehension in Parkinson’s Disease: Behavioral and Physiological Indices http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3418801/ :
Dyskinesia (abnormality of muscle tone or movement) :
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Dyskinesia
Abnormality of muscle tone or movement.
The following references are relevant:-
Chung et al(2010) Objective Measurement of Dyskinesia in Parkinson Disease using a Force Plate
Timbasco et al (2012) Clinical Aspects and Management of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia
Espay et al (2012) “On” state freezing of gait in Parkinson disease -A paradoxical levodopa-induced complication
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Dyskinesia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Chung, Katherine A.; Lobb, Brenna M.; Nut, John G.; McNames, James and Horak, Fay (2010) Full Text
Mov. Disord. 25 (5) 602 – 608 Objective Measurement of Dyskinesia in Parkinson Disease using a Force Plate http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3148105/
↑ Tambaco,Nicola; Smoni, Simone; Marsili, Erica; Sacchini, Elisa; Murasecco, Donatlla; Cardaioli, Gabriela, Ross, Aroldo an Clabresi, Paolo (2012) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2012: 745947. Clinical Aspects and Management of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3372050/
↑ Espy, A.J.; Fasano, A.; van Nuenen, B.F.L.; Payne, M.M.; Snijders, A.H. and Bloem, B.R. (date) Full Text Neurology. 78 (7) 454 – 457. “On” state freezing of gait in Parkinson disease - A paradoxical levodopa-induced complication http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3466608/ :
Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) :
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Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing.
See also Aphagia
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Dysphagia.
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References :
Dysphasia (difficulty in speech) :
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Dysphasia
Difficulty in speaking
The following references are relevant:-
Colman et al (2011) Sentence Comprehension and Its Association with Executive Functions in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Baylor et al (2012) A qualitative study of interference with communicative participation across communication disorders in adults
Fox et al(2012) LSVT LOUD and LSVT BIG: Behavioral Treatment Programs for Speech and Body Movement in Parkinson Disease
Further Research
Search the scientific literature
Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Dysphasia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Colman, Katrien S.F.’ Koerts, Janneke; Stowe, Laurie A.; Leenders, Klaus L. and Basiaanse, Roelien (2011) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2011; 2011: 213983. Sentence Comprehension and Its Association with Executive Functions in Patients with Parkinson's Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202107/
↑ Baylor, Caroline; Burns, Michael; Eadie, Tanya; Britton, Deanna and Yorkston, Kathryn (2012) Full Text Am. J. Speech Lang Pathol. (20) (4) 269 – 287 A qualitative study of interference with communicative participation across communication disorders in adults http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296484/
↑ Fox, Cynthis; Ebersbach, Georg; Ramig, Lorraine and Sapir, Shimon. (2012) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2012; 2012: 391946. LSVT LOUD and LSVT BIG: Behavioral Treatment Programs for Speech and Body Movement in Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316992/ :
Dystonia (sustained muscle contractions causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures) :
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Dystonia
Sustained muscle contractions causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Dystonia.
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References :
< Back to Parkinson's Symptoms
Links to the symptoms of Parkinson's in alphabetical order:
| A | B | C | D | E |
| F - G | H | I - L | M - N | O |
| P - Q | R | S | T | U - Z |
(Click to go to table for editing)