OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Artificial Consciousness/Neural Correlates/Inter-Organ Connection Models

Inter Organ Connection Models
It is not enough to understand how a brain organ works, we need to understand how they work together as well. Often more than one organ is involved in the execution of a specific function of the brain. While there are hints of connections, that are mappable if we follow the main paths of neurons throughout the brain, mapping connections in the brain has been difficult up until now. However a recent discovery of a means of visualization of connections using a special MRI program suggests that we might soon have a more comprehensive idea of connections on many levels in the brain.
The following models suggest ways in which the different organs of the brain might work together. These are transient expressions of our current understanding of what the organs do, mixed with our current understanding of how they connect to each other. As more research is done into organic operation and their connections within the brain, we will be able to learn more about the functions of the organs, and how they work together, and this will reshape our knowledge about how the brain works.
* The Recticular Activation System
* Frontal Parietal Networks
* Cortico-Cortical Connections
* The Corpus Collosum and other Commissures
* LatroVentral Prefrontal Cortex Connections
* The OrbitoFrontal Connections
* DorsoLateral Prefrontal Cortex Connections
* Cerebral Hippocampus Connections
* Entorhinal Cortex Hippocampus Connections
# Ethics/Business ethics
## Introduction

The study of Ethics is a systematic science.Its scope encompasses all human relationship in a society.Ethics also known as moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing , defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.The study of ethics can be dividend into four operational areas namely - meta ethics, normative ethics, descriptive ethics and applied ethics.
Ethics fundamentally comprises of two elements:
* Firstly, ethics refers to well founded standards of right and wrong that describes what humans ought to do in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, etc.
* Secondly, ethics refers t the study and development of one's ethical standards.

## Business Ethics

   According to Andrew Crane," business ethics is the study of business situation,activities and decisions where issues to right and wrong are addressed."
   Raymond C. Baumhart contend-"the ethics of business s the ethics of responsibility .the businessman must promise that he will not harm knowingly."
Thus, Business Ethics is a form of applied ethics or [professional ethics that examine the ethical principle and moral problems that arise in business environment. Business Ethics concern itself with adhering to the social principle of the situations in which business takes place .The analysis of this definitions leads us to the following discussions.

### Business for Profit

It would seem that business does not come within the confines of ethics.But people find mechanisms to generate the highest possible returns when conducting business.No one hold it against a worker for demanding higher wages .Their actions are not considered illegal or unethical .Business is for profit , just the reward for doing business lies in the excess of returns on investment.

### Business and Ethics

The business world is an important part of society as it is concerned with the livelihood of people.business activity too is subjected to the code of conduct without any exception. People expect businessman to possesses same rationality as any other citizen.We have to keep business within the bounds of ethics.

### Professional Ethics

Just as a society runs on social codes of conducts and country functions by its Constitution,a business is run on business codes.There is a professional code of conduct for every business. These codes keep evolving as other things around evolve and develop.

## See Also

* Ethics
* Bioethics
* Social entrepreneurship
# Ethical medical research/In papyro, in silico, in situ, and in vitro guide

This is a resource for non-animal medical testing. Pertaining to this are in papyro, in silico, in situ, and in vitro studies. An explanation of the tools and resources in virtual testing will be shown.

## Software

External multimedia: Computer aided drug design

### Proprietary

* NONMEM - referred to as the gold standard in pharmacometrics.

### Open-source

* OptFlux - metabolic engineering program.
* Silico - molecular toolkit constructed in Perl.
* Little B - programming language for use in biology.
* JBioFramework - chemical analysis program.
* GIMIAS - framework for medical applications.
* CMISS - mathematical biological environment.
* Jmol - 3d molecule viewer. Jmol video tutorial
* PASS (Putative Active Sites with Spheres) - Computes docking sites in proteins.
* RasMol - protein, nucleic acid and small molecule visualizer.
* TINKER Molecular Modeling

## Databases

* Urine Metabolome database - Contains over 3,00 chemical compounds that can be detected in urine.
* Pubmed International - PMC, Pubmed Europe, Pubmed Central Canada, PubChem
* Metabase - Wiki of biological databases
* EBSCO Host
* FAF-Drugs: Free ADME/tox Filtering - In silico molecule databases.
* The Drug-Gene Interaction database (DGIdb) - Matches genes with interactions with drugs. Combines information from existing information into this database.

## Math

* Biomathematics
* medical math news

## Electronic hardware specific

* imaging and sensors
** hyperspectral imaging (HSI) device
** magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
** nanosensors

## Materials

Research chemicals, petri dishes, test tubes and other lab equipment can be bought online. Organ-on-a-chip is in plans to be manufactured by Sony with the co-development by Harvard's Wyss Institute to be accessible to the marketplace. Several organ type organ-on-a-chips are in development. Currently cell cultures in petri dishes or test tubes are used, which has some limitations.

## Analysis

Microdosing uses less than a salt grain size of a chemical to be tested.
# Ethics/Nonkilling

See w:Nonkilling
Contents:
* Ethics/Nonkilling
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Anthropology
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Arts
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Biology
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Discussions
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Economics
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Engineering
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Geography
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Historiography
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Abdul Ghaffar Khan
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Antonio Meloto
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Guillermo Gaviria
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Leo Tolstoy
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Mahatma Gandhi
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Martin Luther King, Jr.
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Petra Kelly
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Leadership/Ron Mallone
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Linguistics
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Mathematics
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Philosophy
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Political Science
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Psychology
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Public Health
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Regional/Korea
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Regional/Sri Lanka
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Regional/Thailand
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Science
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Sociology
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Buddhism
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Hinduism
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Humanism
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Islam
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Jainism
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Spiritual/Voudou
* Ethics/Nonkilling/Technology
# Ethical medical research/Resources

This resource involves publications, databases and journals using ethical means of medical research. Non-animal testing and ethically based research on organisms after death by natural causes are included.

## List of ethically conducted medical journals, publications and other resources

* Nutrition Journal

## Research organizations

* the Norweigan Reference Centre for Laboratory Animal Science Research and Alternatives
* European Union Reference Laboratory on Alternatives to Animal testing
* SEURAT-1 - European Union organization for alternatives to in vivo testing
* Tox21 - United States EPA program to use advanced robotic testing for molecule toxicity
* Institute for In Vitro Sciences

## Humane organizations

* Humane Society International
* Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association
* People for Animals
* Peta
# Federal Writers' Project – Life Histories/2013/Spring/Jim Mitchum

This page is connected with English 105 at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill - Federal Writers' Project - Life Histories
# EuroLex/F/Jargon

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: jargon - 1. terminology; 2. cant, gibberish, mumbo-jumbo; 3. pidgin
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | jargon | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | jargon | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| English | noun: jargon, intransitive verb: to jargon | unintelligible talk: 14c; 17c: speech full of unfamiliar terms | ' noun: meaning 1, 2, 3; verb: to speak in or use jargon' | '...' | http://www.etymonline.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Jargon | ... | 'meaning 1, 2; and also: a) casual style b) jewellery: a Jargon (J. de diamant oder J. de Ceylan) is a zircon that was decolourised by heating' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | zsargon | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | gergo | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | žargons | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | žargonas | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | sjargong | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | żargon | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | jargão | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | žargón | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | žargon | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | jerga | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | jargong | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |

### Annotations

Etymology: from OF jargon "a chattering" (of birds), ultimately of echoic origin (cf. L. garrire "to chatter", English gargle). Often applied to something the speaker does not understand, hence meaning "mode of speech full of unfamiliar terms" (1651).
Source: http://www.etymonline.com

### Information on Other Languages

meaning 1
Czech: slang, hantýrka
Estonian: erikeel
Finnish: erikoiskieli
# EuroLex/F/Jelly

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: gelée - 1. frost, freeze; 2. jelly, aspic
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | želé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | gelé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | gelei | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| English | jelly | 14c; slang meaning: 20c | 'meaning 2; and also: a) a plastic sandal or shoe; b) slang "vagina, sexual intercourse"' | '...' | http://www.etymonline.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Gelée | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | zselé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | gelatina | ... | 'meaning2' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | želeja | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | želė | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | gelé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | galareta | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | geleia | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | želé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | žele | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | gelatina | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | gelé | ... | 'meaning 2' | '...' | ... |

### Annotations

Etymology: from OF gelée "a frost, jelly", fem. pp. of geler "congeal", from L gelare "to freeze", from gelu "frost".
Jellyfish as the popular name of the medusa and similar sea-creatures is from 1841. Jellybean first attested 1908. Jellyroll "cylindrical cake containing jelly or jam" is from 1895; as slang for "vagina, sexual intercourse" it dates from 1914.
Source: http://www.etymonline.com

### Information on Other Languages

meaning 2:
Estonian: tarretis
Finnish: hyytelö
# EuroLex/F/Grave accent

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: accent grave - 1. a diacritic mark placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| English | grave accent | 17c. | 'meaning 1' | '...' | http://www.allwords.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | accent grave | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Accent grave | ... | 'meaning 1 in linguistics also "Gravis"' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |

### Annotations

The word grave is derived from the Latin "gravis" (heavy), itself a translation of the Greek "barys" (βαρύς). In English the word is normally pronounced "grahv", IPA /ɡɹɑːv/, not like "grave" meaning serious or a tomb. In French it is pronounced similarly: accent grave /aksɑ̃ ɡʁav/.
Source: http://www.answers.com
# EuroLex/F/Haute cuisine

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: from haut, haute + cuisine - 1. grand cuisine
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| English | haute cuisine | 20c | 'meaning 1' | '...' | http://www.etymonline.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Haute Cuisine | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |

### Annotations

Etymology: 1926, from F, literally "high(-class) cooking"
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
# EuroLex/F/Jacket

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: jaquette 'book wrapper, coat'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| English | jacket | 15th c. | 1. (a) 'an outer garment for the upper part of the body, originally the same as, or a shorter form of the jack, now, an outer garment with sleeves, reaching no lower than the waist, worn by boys and by men in certain occupations, also: short coat without tails, worn in shooting, riding, cycling, etc.', (b) 'that worn by a jockey in horse-racing, now a loose-fitting blouse of the owner's distinctive racing colours', (c) 'a woman's outer garment analogous to that of boys or men, either loose or close-fitting, and of varying length', (d) 'locally in U.S.= waistcoat', 2. (a) 'an outer covering, coating or casing of any kind of placed round vessel, as a pipe, steam-cylinder or boiler, to protect it, prevent escape of access of heat', (b) 'a paper cover of wrapper issued with a bound book, usually with the title printed upon it', (c) 'a folded paper or open envelope containing an official document, on which is indorsed an order or other direction respecting the disposition to be made of the document memorenda respecting its contents, dates of reception and transmission' (U.S.), 3. (a) 'the natural, usually hairy covering or 'coat' of various animals', (b) 'the skin of a potato (when cooked with the skin on) | '...' | OED |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Jackett | 17th/18th c. | 'coat' | '...' | Birken-Silvermann 2003: 137 |
| Hungarian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | giacchetta | 1829 | 'coat' | '...' | Birken-Silvermann 2003: 137 |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/F/Jardinière

* Original language: French
* Original form and meaning: 1. flower box
2. gardener
3. window box
4. vegetable platter
5. a dish garnished with vegetables, which are served in individual groups arranged around the main dish
6. jardiniere (a large decorative stand or pot for plants or flowers)
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| English | jardinière | 19c | 'meaning 4, 5 & 6' | '...' | http://dictionary.reference.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Jardinière | ... | 'meaning 6, also a soup with vegetables' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |

### Annotations

French, from feminine of jardinier - gardener, from Old French, jardin - garden
source: http://dictionary.reference.com