OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ethnography of Fiddle/Soldiers Joy

Soldier's Joy is a fiddle tune, classified as a reel or country dance. It is popular in the American fiddle canon, in which it is touted as "an American classic" but traces its origin to Scottish fiddling traditions. and Irish fiddle traditions. It has been played in Scotland for over 200 years and Robert Burns used it for the first song of his cantata 'The Jolly Beggars'.According to documentation at the United States Library of Congress, it is "one of the oldest and most widely distributed tunes"and is rated in the top ten most-played Old Time Fiddle tune and is dancable. According to the Illinois Humanities Center, the tune dates as early as the 1760s. In spite of its upbeat tempo and catchy melody, the term "soldier's joy" has a much darker meaning than is portrayed by the tune. Opinion has it that this term eventually came to refer to the combination of whiskey, beer, and morphine used by Civil War soldiers, presumably for pain relief. As the lyrics state:

## Melody as basis for song

Like many pure tunes with ancient pedigree, the melody of Soldier's Joy has been used as a basis for construction of songs, which, unlike pure tunes, have lyrics.

### Civil War era and post-bellum cultural references

According to the Illinois Humanities Council (IHC), the tune came to represent substance abuse during the Civil War. This is corroborated in concurring secondary sources.
Gimme some of that Soldier’s Joy, you know what I mean
I don’t want to hurt no more my leg is turnin’ green
The IHIC version is as follows:
Twenty-five cents for whiskey, twenty-five cents for beer
Twenty-five cents for morphine, get me out of here.
Chorus: I'm my momma's pride and joy
I'm my momma's pride and joy
I'm my momma's pride and joy
Sing you a song called the soldier's joy.

### Country

Twenty five cents for whiskey, 25 cents for beer Twenty five cents for morphine get me out of here
cho: I'm my momma's pride and joy (3X)
Sing you a song called the soldier's joy
Grasshopper sitting on a sweet potato vine (3X)
Along come a chicken and he's say your mine.
I'm gonna get you there don't you want to go (3X) All for the soldoer's joy
Chicken in a bread pan scratching that dough
Granny does your dog bite no child no
Etcetera
All for the soldier's joy
# Ethnobotanical research projects/Personal vs cooperative
## Some ideas

I think maybe the difference is that the personal projects are more for your own experience, recipes for remedies and where you have collected the plant in the past, and the cooperative project is more for the traditional, ethnobotanical uses. I think it's also important to link your personal projects to the Plantlore department, as that sort of thing overlaps more with plantlore than ethnobotany. Thoughts? Trinity507 19:15, 30 September 2009 (UTC)
# Ethnography of Fiddle

This Wikiversity Seminar is based upon the Wikibook of the same name compiled by Geof Bard and written in conjunction with Wikipedia editors.
Great news! Ethnography of Fiddle at Wikiversity explicitly invites original research using videographic documentation, audio recordings and live investigations to deepen and broaden knowledge of this remarkable musical instrument which has entranced cultures throughout the world. We take a perspective informed by the praxis of ethnography and ethnomusicology but also informed by participant-observer status as musicians, dancers and listeners who ourselves thrive on the wonderful tapestry of world music.
In "A Warning to Fiddlers", a chapter of A Pattern of Islands, Gimble associated fiddle with the world wide leveling of European colonial imperialism. But various indigenous peoples, such as the Meti of Canada, have adopted the violin and integrated it into folk culture. Thus, the ethnomusicologist encounters a fierce identity with the instrument not unlike that of the Celts, who have deeply intertwined their music, dance and celebratory culture with an instrument most highly developed by luthiers (instrument makers) in Cremona, Italy. This class establishes an ethnographic foundation and then reviews the literature on this intriguing instrument and its role amongst various peoples around the globe.

## Ethnography, Ethnomusicology and Ethnochoreology
### Wikibooks

* Ethnograph
* Ethnomusicology
* Ethnochoreology

## North American Fiddle Traditions: Wikibooks
### Wikibooks

* Cajun Fiddle]
* Canadian|Fiddle Tradition]
** Cape|Breton Fiddle Tradition]
** Métis Fiddle Tradition]
*** Background on Métis]
* Old Time Fiddle]

### Local

** The case of Blackberry Blossum
** The case of Soldiers' Joy: Morphine and the bitter struggle of the Civil War

## African Fiddle Traditions
### Wikibooks

* fiddle/|African Fiddle Tradition
** Khanyile/
** Jive/

## European Fiddle Traditions

* Preliminary notes for a study of Celtic fiddle
* Celtic Muñeira of Castillian Galicia

### Wikibooks

* Donegal Fiddle
* Scottish Fiddle

## Texts
### Wikibooks

* Ethnography of Fiddle

## Acknowledgements and information for contributors

You are invited to help edit this Wikiversity class. The primary instructor of this class is Geof Bard (pictured). Without the tireless assistance of the Wikiversity administrators and other contributors this class would not have been possible. Wikiversity an independent project of the Wiki Media Foundation. Other editors and writers are credited at the View history links or in some cases the mainspace or discussion pages. Special thanks also to the University of California and the many musicians and ethnographers who keep the art of fiddle playing alive and well through thick and thin. The primary instructor of this class is Geof Bard. Without the tireless assistance of the Wikiversity administrators and other contributors this class would not have been possible.]] }
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Learn Breton Language and Culture
Learn Breton Language and Culture
Breton is spoken in North-Western France and is one of the few surviving Celtic languages, which dominated Europe over 2000 years ago. The Breton language learning project is a good example of the use of Wikiversity for teaching languages. It currently comprises 69 pages, with plenty of visual media, eye-catching layout and plenty of well-developed content.
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Economic Classroom Experiments
Economic Classroom Experiments
Economic Classroom Experiments is a growing collection (currently 28 resources) of lesson plans and ideas for games in the economics classroom. The experiments are suitable for both secondary and tertiary education. Economics teachers and others are welcome to add to the collection.
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# Federal Reserve

Welcome to the learning project on the US Federal Reserve
* Fed Open Market Committee (FOMC)
* FOMC minutes - a book of seven seals
The fed's principal tools:
* Open Market Operations
* Discount Rate (complete with ambiguous minutes) window
* Reserve Requirements
# Developmental Disabilities

What are Developmental Disabilities
* a group of conditions due to impairment in physical, learning, language, or behavior areas” ("Facts About Developmental Disabilities").
* identified before the age of 22 and usually last throughout a person’s lifetime” ("Developmental Disabilities").
* Types ("Developmental Disabilities")
* characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills ("Definition of Intellectual Disability")
* for many children, the cause of their intellectual disability is not known ("Facts About Intellectual Disabilities")
* group of developmental disabilities that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges ("Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)")
* Two Areas ("Autism Spectrum Disorder")
* social impairment, including difficulties with social communication
* repetitive and stereotyped behaviors
* most common genetic chromosomal disorder and cause of learning disabilities in children (“Down Syndrome")
* Down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21 (“Down Syndrome")
* Language disorders in children refer to problems with either getting their meaning or message across to others or understanding the message coming from others ("Language disorder - children: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia")
* Learning disorders affect how a person understands, remembers and responds to new information ("Learning Disorders: MedlinePlus")
* may have problems listening, paying attention, speaking, reading, writing, and/or doing math ("Learning Disorders: MedlinePlus")
* refers to any one of a number of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood and permanently affect body movement and muscle coordination but don’t worsen over time ("NINDS Cerebral Palsy Information Page")
* cannot be cured
* associated with any issues individuals may have with hearing
* described in 3 categories ("What is Hearing Loss?")
* type of hearing loss
* degree of hearing loss
* configuration of hearing loss
# Developmental psychology/Chapter 10/Close Relationships

We will be going over the closest spheres for an adolescent and their influences.
* Parents: affects identity, expectations and daily life. Peers do not replace the parents. Conflict between adolescents and their parents peaks in early adolescene because of the natural urge for teens to achieve independence vs. a parent's want for control and supervision. Parents should use positive messages vs. negative messages ("I'm glad you are protecting your lunges" vs. "Stop smoking or I'll hit you"). Parents must maintain a supportive hub rather than enforcing strict ruling in order to migitate conflict. Communication, support, connectedness and control are all studied aspects of a parent-child relationship. This also brings in question of the validity of familism, the notion that family members should always support each other no matter what. Parental monitoring is a parent's understanding of every aspect of their child. If supportive, the child will follow through - if strict and cold, the child will often be rebellious. Cultures matter as well as the US is more relaxed with their children vs. a refugee family from Syria.
* Peers: Emotional friends grow in friendship. Friends guide them through the emotional trials of puberty and growing up. Peer pressure is defined as children pressuring other children to do unwanted things. Contrary to popular belief, social media is a good tool vs. what most parents think it is. Kids online can connect with friends that may relate to them more. Peers may exhibit deviancy training, where one peer convinces their friend to do unwanted things. Teens select their friends while those friends faciliate good or bad practices. Teens usually involve themselves in romantic partners, often experiencing a wide range of emotions throughout the process. Sexting and revenge porn are realities in relation to these relationships. Sexual orientations come out to light, with LGBTQ youths at a higher risk of depression due to the pressures surrounding them - from countries that accept them (USA) to countries that oppose them (Uganda). Culture and cohort affects one's sexual orientation.
* Sex: Teens normally have strong sexual urges and usually learn about sex through multiple ways: parents, friends and especially media. Some may learn sex from their religious institution. Sex education begins at home, most likely ripening up with mothers-daughters vs. fathers-sons - usually pertaining to pregnancy and cautiousness vs. pleasure. Personal details are kept private. What teens brag about is what influences their peers. Sexual education may not be too effective because of the short timing and content. Some advocate for education regarding sex while others advocate for teaching children to abstain from sex - but the natural sexual urge of teenagers may override this. Statistics show that there are no differences in abstinence-sex education vs. regular sex education to when kids begin sexual activity, but rather STD rates are higher in the former vs the latter.
# Developmental psychology
## Learning projects

See: Learning Projects and the Wikiversity:Learning model.
Learning materials and learning projects are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a link to the name of the learning project (learning projects are independent pages in the main namespace) and start writing! We suggest the use of the learning project template (use "subst:Learning project boilerplate" on the new page, inside the double curved brackets {}).
Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource. Developmental psychology studies the developmental stages of human development.Taba, 2012
ALL MATERIAL IS DERIVED FROM Invitation to the Life Span #4 Edition BY Kathleen Stassen Berger. WORK HAS BEEN PARAPHRASED AND, AT OTHER POINTS, DIRECTLY COPIED FROM THIS TEXTBOOK. ALL CREDITS GOES BACK TO THIS TEXTBOOK

##### Chapter 1

* What is Developmental Psychology?
* Theories of Human Development

##### Chapter 2

* Birth

##### Chapter 3

* Infant Growth
* Infant Cognition
* Language
* Surviving and Thriving

#### Chapter 4

* Emotional Development
* The Development of Social Bonds
* Theories of Infant Psychosocial Development
* Who Should Care For Babies?

#### Chapter 5

* The Body Matures
* Thinking During Early Childhood
* Linguistic Ability
* Early-Childhood Education

#### Chapter 6 - Psychosocial development

* Emotional Development
* Play
* Challenges for Caregivers
* Harm
Remember, Wikiversity has adopted the "learning by doing" model for education. Lessons should center on learning activities for Wikiversity participants. We learn by doing.

#### Chapter 7 - Massive Changes

* A Healthy Time
* Cognition
* Teaching and Learning
* "Special" Children
Select a descriptive name for each learning project.

#### Chapter 8 - Psychosocial Development (6-11yrs)

* The Nature of the Child
* Families During Middle Childhood
* The Importance of Friends

#### Chapter 9

* Puberty
* Growth, Nutrition, and Sex
* Cognition
* Secondary Education

#### Chapter 10

* Identity
* Close Relationships
* Sadness & Anger
* Drug & Abuse

#### Chapter 11

* Body Development
* Cognitive Development
* Psychosocial Development

#### Chapter 12

* Growing Older
* Habits
* Adulthood Intelligence
* Expert Status

#### Chapter 13

* Personality Development in Adulthood
* Intimacy: Connecting With Others
* Generativity: The Work of Adulthood

#### Chapter 14/15

* A New Understanding of Old Age
* Selective Optimization with Compensation
* Information Processing After Age 65
* Neurocognitive Disorders
* New Cognitive Development
* Theories of Late Adulthood
* Activities in Late Adulthood
* The Frail Elderly
# Developmental psychology/Chapter 10/Drug & Abuse

* Hormonal surges
* Brain's reward center
* Cognitive immaturity
...are all contributing factors to teenagers abusing drugs. But their bodies and brains cannot handle them. Abusing drugs peak in teenage years and reduce towards adulthood when they realize that drugs isn't so good. Drinking alcohol/smoking increases around age 15, leading to increased depression and sexual abuse. Most teenagers abuse inhalants because they're easy to find.

#### What has changed over the years?

* Legal marijuana
* Electronic cigarettes on sale
* Opioid deaths increase
* Drug abuse has decreased since the 1970s because of synthetic narcotics. This may occur because of vaping.
# Developmental economics

Developmental economics is deals with growth in developing countries and specific issues such as weak institutions, corruptions, instability, and natural resource problems specific to developing countries.
Developing countries often also suffer from geographic disadvantages such as being landlocked or having even poorer neighbors. These make trade and globalization difficult since there are fewer options for export and import. Additionally, neighboring countries may support economies, such as through migrant workers and remittances, or hurt them such as through spillovers of conflict from civil wars and refugees.
Weak institutions is also often a consequence of factors such as colonialism, ethnic conflict, a history of military uprisings, and natural resource abundance that may increase corruption. In particular, oil and diamonds are well-documented resources that have been linked to sudden influxes of outside capital that often hurt exchange rates and choke off all other starting up export industries. They also fuel greater corruption within the government and sometimes money winds up being delivered to armed opposition groups, which free up mining or drilling to the detriment of the people of the land.
These factors have a multiplier effect once they are set in motion as they may also drive out skilled labor (brain drain) and direct capital away from the country. Even controls to keep capital within a country sometimes fail as fradulent export documentation can be used to smuggle capital outside a country to better investing opportunities.
Many developmental economists work with the IMF and World Bank that both, with some overlap, supply loans and other forms of aid or incentives to developing countries. Critics point out that because of its close ties with developed countries that fund it they encourage imperialism or attempt reforms too quickly or in the wrong sequence. Their traditional solutions have been through managing aid along with NGOs in the form of projects, and budget reinforcement.
Recently, Microfinance has emerged as a point of high interest among developing economists and economists have even been recognized with Nobel Peace Prize in memory of Alfred Nobel in economics for this idea. It essentially begins with a ground up philosophy of making small loans to entrepreneurs who lack capital to start up their own businesses. Due to low default ratios it is even possible for institutions in Bangladesh to offer these loans with low interests and make a profit (see Grameen Bank). Other attempts to bring this idea worldwide, though, have not always been as successful.
# Games in Development/Liberal Diplomacy/Essentials

The next step! So, it's clear what the three concepts are that I want to add. What has to be decided now is how I'm going to make the first prototype of the game. The Spiral Method demands numerous prototypes and repeated testing, so I need to decide on what the kernel of this game is and test that first. Luckily, doing a variant on such a well-established (and venerable) game, the basic rules are firmly established and have been playtested over decades. However, given the changes I want to make, I am going to have to decide whether I want to take all of the game or just some of it for the basis of this variant.
Movement: So far as I am concerned, the elegant movement and orders system of Diplomacy is what sets it apart from other strategy games. These simple instructions should form the solid core of my bare essentials. So, I want to include the basic orders Move, Stand, Support, and Convoy in this first prototype. For those unfamiliar with these rules, they are available from the owners here.
Orders: Diplomacy's system of giving orders on slips of paper and resolving movement simultaneously is essential to the operation of this game.
Turns: The seasons of Spring and Fall give a great deal of tension to the game, as waiting for one's builds is something that gets players chomping at the bit for Fall to come around. Spring and Fall seasons are a good part of the game to maintain, and the year can start at 1890.
Builds: Where I may begin to deviate from the game is that - though I believe in building being somehow connected to centres - I don't know how to resolve my "stronger centres" problem. I want to keep builds in the Fall season, but I realize that some players may have more than one build per centre in that turn, and that may create problems.
So, where does that leave us?
Well, we can briefly sum up the kernel of rules I want to port over from Diplomacy proper. They are:

## Rules

Stuff!
# Games in Development/Liberal Diplomacy
## Introduction

These are a set of rules in development for a variant of Diplomacy that is slightly less in the Realist camp of International Relations and more firmly entrenched in the Liberal school of thought. By way of introduction - and as a chance for a pithy commentary about the ongoing state of disagreement between these two philosophies - I'd just like to say that Diplomacy, at its very core, is zero-sum and cutthroat. The game is about winning, and winning means being the girl (or guy) with the most resource centres at the end of the game. This means that, while you might slow your expansion, cooperate with others, or engage in fruitful intelligence sharing, you have no intention of long-term partnership; on the contrary, partnership in Diplomacy (the game) is strictly for the purposes of short-term gain. Self-interest still overrides the impulse to cooperate long-term. It is thus an excellent example of the Realist school of International Relations. Painfully, however, the game does not take economics into account. To be more precise, the kind of economics the game takes into account are protectionist economics, meaning the international economy can effectively be factored out of game-play altogether without much loss of realism (no capital R!). It is precisely this factor that is the cause for a loss of the interest in medium to long-term cooperation, and precisely this factor that I wish to remedy with the creation of a more Liberal-friendly Diplomacy.

## The Phases of Development

This game development is being used as an example of the Spiral Method of game development. It's also an exploration of the Spiral Method, as I've never tried the idea before in a reasonably rigourous context. Below are listed the phases of development for those who are following this game for the purposes of studying the Spiral Method.
* Phase 1: The Initial Idea - where did this hare-brained scheme come from in the first place?
* Phase 2: The Essentials - the first phase of the Spiral Method is the development and testing of the first fundamental principles of your project.
* Phase 3: The Board - Once the basics are ironed out, start adding bits incrementally!
* Phase 4: ...

## The Game

If all you really wanted to know about was the rules for the variant, look no further! They will appear here when they are done!