OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Book Reviews

Welcome to this Learning Project made by Atcovi!

## Purpose

Isn't it explanatory in the title? This learning project is dedicated to reviewing books! It can be any genre, any author, from anywhere!

### Why is this important?

Helps readers on how to review something, as well as with grammar, spelling, and correct punctuation. It might as well help users with finding the correct book for them as well!

### How do I join?

Simpy put your name down here:
* --atcovi (talk) 16:27, 4 February 2015 (UTC)

### How do I get started?

preload=Book Reviews/RfAnew
Once you have joined. Find a book you can review and start reviewing!

## Current Book Reviews

Special:Prefixindex/Book Reviews/
# English-Chinese/Chest pain may also radiate, or move, to several other areas of the body

Chest pain may also radiate, or move, to several other areas of the body. This may include the neck, left or right arms, cervical spine, back, and upper abdomen.
胸痛也可能辐射或移动到身体的其他几个区域。 这可能包括颈部，左臂或右臂，颈椎，背部和上腹部。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain occurs in different ways

Chest pain may present in different ways depending upon the underlying diagnosis.
根据潜在的诊断，胸痛可能以不同的方式出现。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain is the pain in any region of the chest

Chest pain is the pain in any region of the chest.
胸痛是胸部任何区域的疼痛。
# English-Chinese/Chest

The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans and various other animals located between the neck and the abdomen. The thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. Many diseases may affect the chest, and one of the most common symptoms is chest pain.
胸部 是 人类 以及 各种 其他 动物 解剖学的 一部分，位于 颈部 和 腹部 之间。胸部 包括 胸腔 和 胸壁。它 包含的 器官，包括 心脏，肺 和 胸腺，以及 肌肉 和 各种 其他 内部结构。许多 疾病 可能会 影响 胸部，最常见的 症状之一 是 胸痛。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain in children can also have congenital causes

Chest pain in children can also have congenital causes.
儿童胸痛也可能有先天性原因。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain is different from person to person

Chest pain may also vary from person to person based upon age, sex, weight, and other differences.
根据年龄，性别，体重和其他差异，胸痛也可能因人而异。
# English-Chinese/Chemical substance

A chemical substance is any material with a known chemical composition. For example, water has the same properties and the same ratio of hydrogen to oxygen whether it came from a river or was made in a laboratory.
化学物质 是 具有 已知 化学组成的 任何 物质。例如，无论 是 来自 河流 还是 实验室 制造，水 都 具有 相同的 性质 和 相同的 氢气 与 氧气 比例。
# English-Chinese/Chemistry

Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with chemical elements and compounds, and how these things work together. It is the study of the materials (things) that make up our bodies and everything in the world around us.
化学 是 处理 化学元素 和 化合物的 科学 分支，以及 这些 事物 如何 协同 工作。它是 研究 构成 我们 身体 和 我们 周围 世界 一切的 材料（东西）。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain can be differentiated into heart-related and non heart related chest pain

Chest pain can be differentiated into heart-related and non heart related chest pain.
胸痛可分为心脏相关和非心脏相关的胸痛。
# English-Chinese/Chest pain may be dangerous

Chest pain may be a symptom of a number of serious disorders and is, in general, considered a medical emergency.
胸痛可能是许多严重疾病的症状，并且通常被认为是医疗紧急情况。
# English-Chinese/As I don't know French, I have never watched this movie

As I don't know French, I have never watched this movie.
由于我不懂法语，我从未看过这部电影。
# English-Chinese/As he remembers, the speech is very powerful

As he remembers, the speech is very powerful.
正如他记得的那样，演讲非常有力。
# English-Chinese/As more of the population moves to cities

As more of the population moves to cities, population over-crowding, increased poverty, increased levels of crime, high-density traffic, low air quality and lack of parks, sidewalks and recreational sports facilities leads to a less active lifestyle.
随着越来越多的人口迁移到城市，人口过度拥挤，贫困加剧，犯罪率上升，高密度交通，低空气质量以及缺乏公园，人行道和休闲体育设施导致生活方式不太活跃。
# English-Chinese/As you get older, memory loss can become a problem

As you get older, memory loss can become a problem.
随着年龄的增长，记忆力减退可能会成为问题。
# English-Chinese/As you know, we need more workers

As you know, we need more workers.
如你所知，我们需要更多的工人。
# English-Chinese/As I couldn't understand French

As I couldn't understand French, I didn't watch the film.
由于我无法理解法语，我没有看过这部电影。
# English-Chinese/As a sense organ, the mammalian eye can see things

As a sense organ, the mammalian eye can see things.
作为一种感觉器官，哺乳动物的眼睛可以看到东西。
# English-Chinese/Arts

The arts are a large part of culture, and the word means much more than "art". The arts include visual arts, literary arts (i.e. books and other writings) and performing arts (i.e. music, dance, drama).
艺术 是 文化的 一个 重要 组成部分，而 这个 词的 意义 远远 超过 “艺术”。艺术 包括 视觉艺术，文学艺术（即 书籍 和 其他 作品）和 表演艺术（即 音乐，舞蹈，戏剧）。
# English-Chinese/As an oily fish, mackerel is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids

As an oily fish, mackerel is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids.
作为油性鱼类，鲭鱼是富含omega-3脂肪酸的来源。
# English-Chinese/Artifact (archeology)

In archeology, an artifact is an object made by a human culture. It is usually found during an archeological dig. Some artifacts are stone tools, pottery, jewelry, and clothing. The study of artifacts is very important in archeology.
在 考古学中，文物 是 由 人类 文化 制造的 物品。它 通常 在 考古 挖掘 过程中 发现。一些 文物 是 石器，陶器，珠宝 和 衣服。文物 研究 在 考古学中 非常 重要。
# Cell biology/Action Potential

Here is the link to the ITunes U Lecture from Berkeley. Action Potential
I will post my notes soon. Please feel free to add details or make changes where necessary. Contact me via email if you need help. Thanks, April
Return Home
# Cell biology/Cell Communication: Ligand and Receptors

Here is the link to the ITunes U Lecture from Berkeley. Cell Communication: Ligand and Receptors
I will post my notes soon. Please feel free to add details or make changes where necessary. Contact me via email if you need help. Thanks, April
Return Home
# Cell Biology/JWSchmidt
### Pep Talks and Orientation

Currently (just starting out!) there is only one person, John Schmidt, who has been working on this Wikiversity learning resource. John Schmidt has a Ph. D. in pharmacology and has published original research in journals such as
* Cell
* Journal of Cell Biology
* The Journal of Biological Chemistry

#### Review Article in the area of Cell Biology

* Seminars in Cell Biology

#### Teaching Experience

John Schmidt has taught biology courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels including: Introductory Biology, Biochemistry, Developmental Biology, Cell Biology, Neurobiology, Physiology and Microbiology.

#### Education Philosophy

There are a few things people want to know:
* Who we are
* Where we come from
* Where we are going
* How to get there
We can make use of the tools of science to explore these issues as we work towards a coherent and unified understanding of the human condition. A good way to learn science topics is to start with the question about the world that most puzzles you. Wikiversity participants can be a guide to help a student take that first step on their personal journey of learning and then provide help as that journey continues on through the entire scope of human knowledge.

#### Research Interests

* The role of synaptic adhesion proteins in learning and memory
* The role of dis-regulated cell adhesion in cancer
* Mathematical models of neuronal networks

## Contact me

If you have a question about cell biology, leave a message at my user talk page.
# Cell biology/Checkpoints

Here is the link to the ITunes U Lecture from Berkeley. Checkpoints
I will post my notes soon. Please feel free to add details or make changes where necessary. Contact me via email if you need help. Thanks, April
Return Home
# Cave/Flashlight/Exercise

Stuck in a cave, there are four people at the end of the corridor. They have just one flashlight, and the corridor leading outside can only be tackled with the flashlight. At most two people can walk together through the corridor. The people have different levels of skills to walk through the corridor, the first person needs an hour, the second person needs two hours, the third person needs four hours and the fourth person needs five hours to pass the corridor. If two of them walk together, always the slower one determines the velocity.
* Suppose that the battery of the flashlight works for exactly $13$ hours. Can the four leave the cave?
* Suppose that the battery of the flashlight works for exactly $12$ hours. Can the four leave the cave?
# Cell biology/Cancer Review

Here is the link to the ITunes U Lecture from Berkeley. Cancer-Review
I will post my notes soon. Please feel free to add details or make changes where necessary. Contact me via email if you need help. Thanks, April
Return Home
# Cell biology/Function

* They facilitate growth through mitosis
* They provide structure and support
* Create metabolic reaction and aid in reproduction
* Allow passive and active transport
* They structure and support
* Respiration
* Excretion
* Reproduction
* Secretion(mocus gland)
* Metabolic absorption(kidney and intestinal cell)
# Cell biology/Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases, known for cells (malignant tumors) with uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. This is different from benign (don't spread) tumors, which do none of these things. If cancer has spread, it is known as metastisized.

## Causes

* Abnormalities of the genetic material of the transformed cells
* Carcinogens (tobacco smoke, radiation, viruses, etc.)
* Cancer-promoting genetic abnormalities (DNA errors during replication, inherited, etc.)

## Types
### Carcinoma

Carcinoma is a spreadable malignant tumor derived from "epthelial" cells. Examples are lung cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer.

### Sarcoma

Sarcoma is a malignant tumor derived from connective tissue. An example of sarcoma is Osteosarcoma, or "bone cancer".

### Lyphoma and Leukemia

Lyphoma and Leukemia: Malignancies derived from blood-forming cells. Examples: Leukemia, cancer of blood and bone marrow.

### Germ-cell tumor

Germ-cell tumor: In adults, malignancies derived from sex organs. Examples: Ovarian cancer, testicular cancer.

### Blastoma

Blastoma: Common in children. Example: Retinoblastoma (cancer of the retina).

## Naming cancer cells

* Usually named -carcinoma, -sarcoma, or -blastoma as a suffix.
** Examples include hepatocarcinoma, cancer of the liver, and liposarcoma, cancer of the fat cells.
* Most benign tumors are named -oma as a suffix.
** However, some cancers, like melanoma, end with "-oma"

## Diagnosis

A diagnosis is initially recognized by signs of symptoms, investigations (blood tests, X-rays, CT scans), and biopsy (testing tissues surgically removed).

## Treatment

* Surgery - removing tumor.
* Chemotherapy - stops cell's ability to divide.
* Radiation therapy - damages DNA of cancer cells.
* Immunotherapy - stimulates immune system to fight cancer cells.
# English-Chinese/Almonds can be sprinkled over other foods

Along with other nuts, almonds can be sprinkled over breakfasts and desserts, particularly muesli or ice cream-based dishes.
与其他坚果一起，杏仁可以撒在早餐和甜点上，特别是牛奶什锦早餐或冰淇淋为主的菜肴。
# English-Chinese/Alphabet

An alphabet is a writing system, a list of symbols for writing. The basic symbols in an alphabet are called letters. In an alphabet, each letter is a symbol for a sound or related sounds. To make the alphabet work better, more signs assist the reader: punctuation marks, spaces, standard reading direction, and so on.
字母表 是 书写系统，是 用于 书写的 符号 列表。字母表中的 基本 符号 称为 字母。在 字母表中，每个 字母 是 一个 声音 或 有关 声音的 符号。为了 使 字母 更好地 工作，更多 标志 帮助 读者：标点符号，空格，标准 读法 说明 等。
# English-Chinese/Amplifier

An amplifier is an electronic device that can increase the power of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current). It is a two-port electronic circuit that uses electric power from a power supply to increase the amplitude of a signal applied to its input terminals, producing a proportionally greater amplitude signal at its output.
放大器 是 一种 可以 增加 信号功率（时变的 电压 或 电流）的 电子设备。它是 一种 双端口 电子电路，使用 来自 电源的 电能 来 增加 施加到 其 输入端的 信号幅度，从而 在 其 输出端 产生 成比例的 更大 振幅信号。
# English-Chinese/Alternator

An alternator is a generator which converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. There is one in every car.
交流发电机 是 一种 发电机，它 以 交流电的 形式 将 机械能 转换成 电能。每辆 车 都有 一个 交流发电机。
# English-Chinese/Amino acid

Amino acids are the basic components of proteins. In eukaryotes, there are 20 standard amino acids, and almost all proteins are composed of these amino acids.
氨基酸是蛋白质的基本成分。 在真核生物中，有20种标准氨基酸，几乎所有蛋白质都由这些氨基酸组成。
# English-Chinese/Alloy

An alloy is a uniform mixture. It is made up of two or more chemical elements, of which at least one is a metal. An alloy has properties different from the metals it is made of.
合金 是 均匀的 混合物。它由 两种 或 多种 化学元素 组成，其中 至少 一种 是 金属。合金 具有 与其 制成的 金属 不同的 性质。
# English-Chinese/Almond cookies are made with almonds

Almond cookies, Chinese almond biscuits, and Italian ricciarelli are made with almonds.
杏仁 cookie，中国 的 杏仁饼 和 意大利 的 ricciarelli 都是 用 杏仁 制成 的。
# English-Chinese/Almonds butter

Almonds are also used to make almond butter, a spread similar to peanut butter, popular with peanut allergy sufferers and for its naturally sweeter taste.
杏仁 也 被 用来 制作 杏仁酱，一种 类似 于 花生酱 的 涂抹酱，很 受 花生 过敏症 患者 的 欢迎，并且 具有 天然 的 甜味。
# English-Chinese/Alternative medicine

Alternative medicine describes practices used in place of conventional medical treatments. Some patients seek these practices along with conventional medicine. When the patient's medical doctor coordinates with an alternative medicine therapist, this is called "complementary medicine."
替代医学 描述了 用于 代替 传统医学 治疗的 实践。一些 患者 与 传统医学 一起 寻求 这些 实践。当 患者的 医生 与 替代医学 治疗师 协调 时，这 被称为 “补充医学”。
# English-Chinese/Amniocentesis

Amniocentesis is the name of a medical examination and is usually performed when the fetus is examined. This test requires a small amount of amniotic fluid and tests the fluid. Amniotic fluid contains fetal tissue that can be used to identify gender. It can also detect certain congenital defects.
羊膜穿刺术是医学检查的名称，通常在检查胎儿时进行。 该测试需要少量羊水并测试液体。 羊水含有胎儿组织，可用于识别性别。 它还可以检测某些先天性缺陷。
# Fiction writing/Wicklow Games

Not yet (in the early 21st century) as well known as the Olympic Games or as popular as the World Cup, the fame of and interest in The Wicklow Games has sky-rocketed not least due to the incredible popularity of some of the wonderful poetry that has been written to commemorate The First Wicklow Games where a vast throng of Flynns and assorted in-laws and friends met in fierce but (relatively) fair competition.
# Field/2 elements/Linear system/Exercise

Let $K$ be the field with two elements. Solve in $K$ the inhomogeneous linear system
    ${\begin{matrix}x&+y&&=&1\\&y&+z&=&0\\x&+y&+z&=&0\,.\end{matrix}}$
# Fiction writing support group/Participants

Introduce yourself and your fiction writing goals.
User:JWSchmidt. I've been an amateur writer of fiction for about thirty years. I enjoy using fiction to explore and play with new ideas. I'm particularly interested in hard science fiction, social science fiction and alternate history. I write fiction in order to explore ideas about how thinking creatures can arise and evolve, become aware of their place in the universe and then develop technology that allows them to shape themselves and their surroundings. I'm interested in using computer technology to explore new ways of producing and sharing fiction. I'd like to experiment with Wikiversity as a place where strangers can meet and collaborate on fiction writing projects and the development of new software tools that facilitate such collaborations. I think fiction writing has a bright future as part of Web 2.0....a future in which many more people will become creators and sharers of fiction rather than consumers of the few stale plots and stories that dominate a commercial market.--JWSchmidt 21:49, 19 August 2007 (UTC)
# Filipino/Numbers

' ' 'Inta Kalien' ' '
Ilokano

### Numbers

| | Cardinal | Ordinal |
| 1 | isá / uno | una / ika-isa |
| 2 | dalawá / dos | pangalawá / ika'lawa |
| 3 | tatló / tres | pangatló / ika'tlo |
| 4 | apat / kwatro | pang-apat / ika-apat |
| 5 | limá / singko | panlimá / ika-lima |
| 6 | anim / sais | pang-anim / ika-anim |
| 7 | pitó / siyete | pampitó / ika-pito |
| 8 | waló / otso | pangwaló / ika-walo |
| 9 | siyám / nuwebe | pansiyám / ika-siyam |
| 10 | sampû / diyes | pansampû / ika-sampu |
| 11 | labíng-isá / onse (Spanish numbers are commonly used above 10) | panlabíng-isá / pang-onse / ika-labing-isa |
| 12 | labingdalawá / dose | panlabindalawá / pandose / ika-labing-dalawa |
| 20 | dalawampu / bente / beynte | pambente / ika-dalawang-pu |
| 100 | (i)sán(g)daán / syento | pang-isán(g)daán / pansyento / ika-isang-daan |
| 200 | dalawáng daán / dos syentos | pang-dalawang daan / ika-dalawang-daan |
| 400 | apat-na-raán / kwatro syentos | pang-apat-na-daan (pang-apat-na-raán)/ ika-apat-na-daan (ika-apat-na-raán) |
| 600 | anim-na-raán / saís syentos | |
| 1,000 | isáng libo | |
| 2,000 | dalawáng libo / dos mil | |
| 10,000 | sanlaksa / dyes mil | |
| 100,000 | sangyuta / syento mil | |
| 1,000,000 | isáng milyón / sang-angaw | |
| 2,000,000 | dalawáng milyón / dalawang angaw | |
| 100,000,000 | isang daang milyon |
Back to main page.
* ↑ "Philippine History and Community Organizing - Barangay: Epitome of a Civilized Past". Google Docs. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
* ↑ Calamrien
# Filipino/Pronunciation

Filipino has 23 consonants and 5 vowels, and is pronounced much like Spanish:

### Vowels

a - as in father
e - as in echo
i - as in eager
o - as in boy
u - as in zoo
Note: Marks on top of vowels such as the "o" in tatló indicate that that syllable is stressed, although they are rarely used in everyday writing.

### Consonants

b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, ng, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z
Most of the consonants are pronounced as in English (with less aspiration on the letters b, d, g, k, p, t) or as in Spanish.
Notes:
* The letter C, as in English, can be pronounced as a /k/ or an /s/, depending on the word.
* Ñ is pronounced as /ny/ as in piñata.
* The single letter Ng is pronounced as the "ng" in singer.
* The geminate Ll is pronounced as /ly/ as in paleontology.
* Y can either be pronounced as the regular "y" as in yellow or "ee" as in Yng (a Filipino-Chinese last name).
Back to main page.
# Filipino

Filipino is a language spoken by over 64 million people in the Philippines, an archipelago located in Southeast Asia. This is one of the many languages of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family, and such, it bears much similarity to the other languages of the Philippines and to a more limited extent Bahasa Indonesia and Malaysia.

## Contents

* Background
* Pronunciation
* Numbers

## Related Projects

* Southeast Asian Languages/Philippine Languages/Filipino One
Back to main page.
# Gender and Representation of Asian American Women
## Course Description

This course explores stereotypes associated with Asian women in colonial, nationalist, state-authoritarian, and global/diasporic narratives about gender and power. Students will read ethnography, cultural studies, and history, and view films to examine the politics and circumstances that create and perpetuate the representation of Asian women as dragon ladies, lotus blossoms, despotic tyrants, desexualized servants, and docile subordinates. Students are introduced to the debates about Orientalism, gender, and power.
No previous knowledge of gender or representation is expected. The readings and movies will offer you the background you need. However, you must do the reading prior to coming to class and attend all lectures and film screenings. Course discussion and writing assignments focus on assigned readings rather than individual library research. Students carry out individual research projects and present their findings in a conference format at the end of the semester and write a five page paper summarizing their findings.
The class meets once per week and follows a seminar format. Students will be expected to attend all class meetings (attendance will be taken), to complete the readings as scheduled on the syllabus, and to come to class prepared to engage in a focused discussion of the issues raised by the readings.
MIT Open Course Gender and Representation of Asian American Women
# Gender, Sexuality and Cultural Studies
## Courses

If you are knowledgable about any of the courses listed below, or about other topics, your help would be extremely appreciated if you make a contribution.
Please do not delete courses. Instead, try to add a course if you would like it to be offered or if you would like to offer it.

### Undergraduate
#### 100-Level Courses

GSC 101 - Introduction to Gender and Sexuality Studies
GSC 102 - Cultural Studies/Introduction to Cultural Studies

#### 200-Level Courses

GSC 201 - Introducing Queer Theory
GSC 202 - Feminism and Queer Theory: Theorizing Gender and Sexuality
GSC 203 - Feminist Perspectives on Trans Issues

#### 300-Level Courses

GSC 301 - Key Thinkers in Gender, Sexuality and Cultural Studies
- Module A: Judith Butler: Ethics, Politics, Subjects
GSC 302 - Key Debates in Gender, Sexuality and Cultural Studies
- Module A: Sexuality, Futurity and Sociality

### Graduate

TBA
# Gears/Involute

Involute Gear :- It's the gear tooth profile which is the locus of a point on a straight line which rolls without slipping on the circumference of base circle. Or Normal at any point of an Involute is a tangent to the base circle.
In Involute system pressure angle is constant throughout from commencement to the end of engagement. No change in velocity ratio corresponding to the change in centre distance
# Gears/Pressure angle

Pressure Angle or Angle of Obliquity is the angle between the pressure line and the common tangent to the pitch circles. For more power transmission and lesser pressure on the bearings, the pressure angle must be kept small. Standard pressure angles are 20° and 25°. Gears with 14.5° pressure angles have become almost obsolete.
# Gender

Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between and from masculinity and femininity. Depending on the context, these characteristics may include biological sex (i.e. the state of being male, female or intersex), sex-based social structures (including gender roles and other social roles), or gender identity.
Gender studies is a field for interdisciplinary study devoted to gender identity and gendered representation as central categories of analysis. This field includes women's studies (concerning women, feminism, gender, and politics), men's studies and LGBT studies.
A gender role is a set of societal norms dictating what types of behaviors are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for a person based on their actual or perceived sex. These are usually centered on opposing conceptions of femininity and masculinity, although there are myriad exceptions and variations. The specifics regarding these gendered expectations may vary substantially among cultures, while other characteristics may be common throughout a range of cultures. There is ongoing debate as to what extent gender roles and their variations are biologically determined, and to what extent they are socially constructed.

## Readings

* Wikipedia: Gender
* Wikipedia: Gender studies
* Wikipedia: Gender role

## Resources

* Gender and Sexual Minorities in Appalachia
* Gender and Representation of Asian American Women