OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Web technologies master list
## Web Technologies Master List
### Main Concept

The purpose of the Web Technologies Master List website is to outline the core skills required for a Web Technologies educational curriculum and available resources to facilitate the learning process. Within each of the 'Concepts' listed below, you will find types of tools, specific tool names, companies providing the tools, company information, job duties, qualifications, skills, courses required, and other important information relevant to each concept.

### Image Editing
#### Social Networking

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#### Basic Languages

HTML
# .NET

Wikiversity welcomes most types of learning materials that are not encyclopedia articles, textbooks, or source texts. Please note that Wikiversity is not a place for duplication of other Wikimedia projects.
Wikiversity has adopted a "learn by doing" model for online education and encourages the creation of learning activities for Wikiversity participants. Everyone is invited to help add useful content to Wikiversity. If you need help learning how to add content, see the editing tutorial and Welcome, newcomers. Visit the Colloquium if you have any questions.
# 1000 Songs/A Mighty Fortress Is Our God (Martin Luther)

A mighty fortress is our God (Martin Luther)
1000 Songs

## Text

Original German Text
Ein’ feste Burg ist unser Gott,
Ein gute Wehr und Waffen;
Er hilft uns frei aus aller Not,
Die uns jetzt hat betroffen.
Der alt’ böse Feind,
Mit Ernst er’s jetzt meint,
Gross’ Macht und viel List
Sein’ grausam’ Ruestung ist,
Auf Erd’ ist nicht seingleichen.
Mit unsrer Macht is nichts getan,
Wir sind gar bald verloren;
Es steit’t für uns der rechte Mann,
Den Gott hat selbst erkoren.
Fragst du, wer der ist?
Er heisst Jesu Christ,
Der Herr Zebaoth,
Und ist kein andrer Gott,
Das Feld muss er behalten.
Und wenn die Welt voll Teufel wär’
Und wollt’ uns gar verschlingen,
So fürchten wir uns nicht so sehr,
Es soll uns doch gelingen.
Der Fürst dieser Welt,
Wie sau’r er sich stellt,
Tut er uns doch nicht,
Das macht, er ist gericht’t,
Ein Wörtlein kann ihn fällen.
Das Wort sie sollen lassen stahn
Und kein’n Dank dazu haben;
Er ist bei uns wohl auf dem Plan
Mit seinem Geist und Gaben.
Nehmen sie den Leib,
Gut, Ehr’, Kind und Weib:
Lass fahren dahin,
Sie haben’s kein’n Gewinn,
Das Reich muss uns doch bleiben.

### Author

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God was written by Martin Luther between 1527 and 1529, and is a metrical setting of Psalm 46.

### Translations/Challenges

The translation that is almost exclusively sung in Protestant churches today is A Mighty Fortress Is Our God written by Frederic Henry Hedge. It is very literal, but has a perfect metrical fit with the tune.
A Safe Stronghold Our God Is Still written by Thomas Carlyle is very similar to A Mighty Fortress Is Our God, but is, perhaps, even more literal. The rhyme scheme is nearly identical to A Mighty Fortress Is Our God, and it is iambic as well.
Also Elizabeth Wordsworth wrote God Is a Stronghold and a Tower.
Each of these translations were written over 100 years ago, and thus all contain antiquated English. In the case of A Mighty Fortress Is Our God the old English is so well established that to change it would seem disrespectful to many older church members.

### Editor's Choice

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God is by far the most used and established of these translations. It also best fits the melody, and metrical pattern.

## Music
### Tune

The original Luther melody is very rythmic, and almost bouncy in feel.
There has been some debate about the authorship of the famous isometric melody that is often been associated with A Mighty Fortress Is Our God, but it is believed to have also been composed by Luther.

### Arrangements

Johann Sebastian Bach utilized Luther's hymn in his chorale cantata Ein fests Burg ist unser Gott, BWV 80. He also used the tune in some of his other works.

### Editor's Choice

The famous isometric melody.

## Background

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God

### Author biography

Martin Luther's biography

### Historical setting

Protestant Reformation
# 1000 Songs/All creatures of our God and King (Francis of Assisi)

All creatures of our God and King (Francis of Assisi)
1000 Songs == Text == Originally from Canticle of the Sun, this is a literal translation of the text directly from the Canticle of the Sun.

### Author

The author of this text is Francis of Assisi who lived from 1181-1226. He was born into a wealthy family, but after an illness at the age of 25, he was convicted to give lavishly to the poor and forsake worldly pleasures. One aspect of this was that he lived in solitude for a year in a cave. He had a great deal of respect for nature and animals.
=== Translations/Challenges ===Paraphrased by William H. Draper (1855-1933). Draper set the words to the 17th Century German hymn tune "Lasst Uns Erfreuen", for use at a children's choir festival some time between 1899 and 1919. For text as translated by Draper and a recording set to the "Lasst Uns Er­freu­en" tune, click here.

### Editor's Choice
## Music

=== Tune ===The first tune this song was put to was "Lasst Uns Erfreuen," but it is also used in several contemporary worship settings today. These are primarily by David Crowder, and by the worship band Third Day, who does a version along with Jennifer Knapp and Nichole Nordeman. This is called Sing Alleluia. It has a lot more momentum, but it lacks the rich harmonies present in the hymn version.

### Arrangements

=== Editor's Choice === I personally prefer the hymn as translated by Draper and the tune that he set it to, but I think that if I were to use this text in a modern worship setting, it would be much more effective to use one of the more contemporary versions.

## Background
### Historical setting

=== Cultural setting ===This text reflects the mentality of the author and shows that while he values life and creation, he has a full understanding of God's ultimate sovereignty.
# 1000 Songs/All glory be to God on high (Nicolaus Decius)

All glory be to God on high (Nikolaus Decius)
1000 Songs

## Text
### Author

The original author of the text was Nikolaus Decius. Nikolaus Decius first published the hymn in the Gesang Buch in 1525 based on Luke 2:14.

### Translations/Challenges

The original German text translates to the following:
All glory be to God on high, Who hath our race befriended! To us no harm shall now come nigh,
The strife at last is ended; God showeth His goodwill to men, And peace shall reign on earth again; O thank Him for His goodness!
We praise, we worship Thee, we trust And give Thee thanks forever, O father, that Thy rule is just And wise, and changes never; Thy boundless grace o’er all things reigns, Thou dost whate’er Thy will ordains; ’Tis well Thou art our Ruler!
O Jesus Christ, our God and Lord, Begotten of the Father, O Thou Who hast our peace restored, And the lost sheep dost gather, Thou Lamb of God, enthroned on high Behold our need and hear our cry; Have mercy on us, Jesus!
O Holy Spirit, precious Gift, Thou Comforter unfailing, Do Thou our troubled souls uplift, Against the foe prevailing; Avert our woes and calm our dread: For us the Savior’s blood was shed; Do Thou in faith sustain us!

### Editor's Choice

All glory be to God on high, Who hath our race befriended! To us no harm shall now come nigh, The strife at last is ended; God showeth His goodwill to men, And peace shall reign on earth again; O thank Him for His goodness!
We praise, we worship Thee, we trust And give Thee thanks forever, O father, that Thy rule is just And wise, and changes never; Thy boundless grace o’er all things reigns, Thou dost whate’er Thy will ordains; ’Tis well Thou art our Ruler!
O Jesus Christ, our God and Lord, Begotten of the Father, O Thou Who hast our peace restored, And the lost sheep dost gather, Thou Lamb of God, enthroned on high Behold our need and hear our cry; Have mercy on us, Jesus!
O Holy Spirit, precious Gift, Thou Comforter unfailing, Do Thou our troubled souls uplift, Against the foe prevailing; Avert our woes and calm our dread: For us the Savior’s blood was shed; Do Thou in faith sustain us!

## Music
### Tune

Hymnary.org lists the hymn tune for the song as ALLEIN GOTT, which was written for the song and can be heard there. The hymn meter for the hymn is 8.7.8.7.8.8.7, quite irregular.

### Arrangements

A MIDI arrangement of the music can be found at Cyber Hymnal .com

### Editor's Choice

An arrangement can be found in the hymnal entitled for the Living Church

## Background
### Author biography

Nikolaus Decius was born in Hof, Germany in 1485. Decius became a monk after getting his degree from the Liepzig University in 1506. In the winter of 1524, Decius studied under Martin Luther. He became the recognized pastor for the St. Nicholas church in 1535 and died in 1541.
# 1000 Songs/All my heart this night rejoices (Paul Gerhardt)

All my heart this night rejoices (Gerhardt)
1000 Songs

## Text
### Author

Paul Gerhardt wrote the text, which can be found here.

### Translations/Challenges

Catherine Winkworth's translation can be found here. Also, a fuller selection of the lyrics can be found here.

### Editor's Choice

I prefer Winkworth's simplistic translation that takes out most of the verses for the easy of a congregation.

## Music
### Tune

The most well known version was written by Johann G. Ebeling, who was known for writing tunes for over 100 of Gerhardt's poems and songs. It can be found here.

### Arrangements

The sheet music for Ebeling's arrangement in the key of G can be found here.

### Editor's Choice

I prefer Ebeling's tune, as it has a very major feel and was written directly with Gerhardt.

## Background
### Author biography

Gerhardt's full biography can be found here.
# 1000 Songs/Aeterna rerum Conditer--Framer of the earth and sky (Ambrose)

Framer of the earth and sky (ambrose)
1000 Songs

## Text

Latin and Old English Translation
Original Latin Text
Modern English Translation
Literal Translation:
Of eternal things, the Framer, Night, who observed the day of the king, And the times you give the times, To Lift up their airs.
Herald of the day now the expression is, Watchful of the night profound, Viantibus night, the light, A night severing night.
This stirred up by Lucifer, Solves the darkness of the pole This chorus of all errors, Abandoned the ways to do harm.
This gathers the strength of a sailor Pontique grow calm seas This is the rock of the Church he Singing, refute the fault.
Let us rise up with vigor and, therefore, French lying excites And chides the sleepy, French argues that those who deny.
French singing, hope returns, Poured the safety of patients, Sword of the robber built, Returned to the faith of those who have fallen.
Jesus, look upon tottering, And we correct in seeing; If regard, the lapse of the fall, Fletuque fault solved.
You shine the light of the senses, Discuss the sleep the mind: Thee the voice of our first is sounded, And let us loose the vows to you.
Is the glory of God the Father Only to the Son and of his With the spirit of the Paraclete Both now and for all ages. Amen.

### Author

Saint Ambrose wrote Aeterna Rerum Conditer in the 300s. He was largely responsible for introducing atiphonal singing in the Western chuch.

### Translations/Challenges

The above old English translation is by W J. Copeland, and is in long meter. This means that this text can be easily adapted to many existing hymn tunes. Unfortunately this translation, done in the 1800s contains many out of date old English words. This can be remedied simply by changing the offending words to their more modern equivalents. For example instead of the word "hie", use the word "rush" and instead of "bestir" use "compel".

### Editor's Choice

The above modern english tranlation is unmetricized and therefore is not useable for singing this hymn, thus the old English translation is the editors choice.

## Music

This hymn is written in chant with some polyphony seen occasionally throughout. It was written in block notation as with most chant, and can be viewed here.

### Tune

As stated above this text can be applied to many different hymn tunes because it is written in the once popular long meter.

### Editor's Choice

It is very moving when sung to SOLID ROCK by Wiliam B. Bradbury

## Background
### Author's circumstances

Because many others who wrote hymns at the time of Saint Ambrose wrote anonymously, many hymns are attributed to Ambrose that he did not personally compose. However, Aeterna rerum Conditer is known to be an authentic Ambrosian Hymn.

### Historical setting

This was one of the first hymns of Latin Hymnody of which Saint Ambrose was a pioneer. Due partially to the decline of the Roman empire, Latin started to become the common language of the church. Thus the hymns of the era were almost universally in Latin.
# 1000 Songs/Alas and did my Savior bleed (Isaac Watts)

Alas! and did my Saviour bleed (Watts)
1000 Songs

## Text

You can read the text here.

### Author

Isaac Watts.

### Editor's Choice

Isaac Watts, arranged by Hugh Wilson, tune Martyrdom.

## Music

Arranged by Hugh Wilson

### Tune

Martyrdom, CM.

### Editor's Choice
## Background
### Author biography

Isaac Watts, was born on the 17th of July in 1674 and died much later on the 25th of November in 1748. He lived to be 74. Isaac watts was a phenomenal English Hymnwriter, theologian, and logician. He is known as the father of English Hymnody, and has been given credit to over 750 hymns. It is also common to see most of his hymns still used today in modern church settings. Isaac Watts born and raised in Southampton, England. He was apart of the Nonconformist community of Christians. He later became a pastor and was in charge of helping trainee preachers become full time pastors. While Watts held the title or pastor he wrote many hymns, treatises, and educational works which are all part of the great legacy he left behind.
# 1000 Songs/All glory laud and honor (Theodulph of Orleans)

All glory laud and honor (Theodulph of Orleans)
1000 Songs

## Text

The text of the hymn poem is written by Theodulph of Orleans circa 820 in Latin. The translation shown below was translated from Latin to English by John M Neale in 1851. Another translation, supposedly by the same translator, can be found here with brief information about the text.

### Editor's Choice

All glory, laud and honor, To Thee, Redeemer, King, To Whom the lips of children Made sweet hosannas ring.
Thou art the King of Israel, Thou David’s royal Son, Who in the Lord’s Name comest, The King and Blessèd One.
The company of angels Are praising Thee on High, And mortal men and all things Created make reply.
The people of the Hebrews With palms before Thee went; Our prayer and praise and anthems Before Thee we present.
To Thee, before Thy passion, They sang their hymns of praise; To Thee, now high exalted, Our melody we raise.
Thou didst accept their praises; Accept the prayers we bring, Who in all good delightest, Thou good and gracious King.

## Music
### Tune

The most common tune, set in 7.6.7.6 meter, this hymn poem is set to was composed by Melchior Teschner and is called St. Theodulph. An arrangement of this piece is usually played on the piano or organ, but it has been arranged for strings as well.

### Editor's Choice
## Background
### Author biography

Much debate has surrounded Theodulph's birth place, but there is no doubt that he served as a bishop in Spain and France. Much information has been collected and gathered about the author and his possible service to Charlemagne during the Carolingian dynasty.
# 1000 Songs/Alone thou goest forth O Lord (Peter Abelard)

Alone thou goest forth O Lord (Peter Abelard)
1000 Songs

## Text

Solus ad victimam procedis, Domine, Morti ter offerens quam venis tollere; Quid nos miserrimi possumus dicere Qui quae commisimus scimus te luere?
Nostra sunt, Domine, nostra sunt crimina: Quid tua criminum facis supplicia? Quibus sic compati fac nostra pectora Ut vel compassio digna sit venia.
Nox ista flebilis praesensque triduum Quod demorabitur fletus sit vesperum, Donec laetitiae mane gratissimum Surgente, Domine, sit maestis redditum.
Tu tibi compati sic fac nos, Domine, Tuae participes ut simus gloriae; Sic praesens triduum in luctu ducere, Ut visum tribuas paschalis gratiae.
--this text is based on the atonement of Jesus Christ.
Peter Abelard

### Translations/Challenges

This is the most popular translation:
Alone thou goest forth, O Lord, in sacrifice to die; Is this thy sorrow naught to us who pass unheeding by?
Our sins, not thine, thou bearest, Lord; make us thy sorrow feel, Till through our pity and our shame
love answers love's appeal.
This is earth's darkest hour, but thou
dost light and life restore; Then let all praise be given thee
who livest evermore.
Grant us with thee to suffer pain
that, as we share this hour, Thy cross may bring us to thy joy
and resurrection power.
(Trans. Francis Bland Tucker 1895-1984)

### Editor's Choice
## Music
### Arrangements

A popular choral arrangement for "Solus ad victimam procedis" has been written by Kenneth Leighton

### Editor's Choice
## Background
### Author biography

Peter Abelard is most known for his early love life for a woman named Heloise. Growing up as a well know teacher, Abelard was hired by Heloise's uncle, Fulbert, to teach her. Abelard and Heloise had a romantic affair, and Heloise became pregnant. In order to please Fulbert, Abelard and Heloise were forced into a marriage. However, Fulbert believed that Abelard would back out of the marriage (although he was in love with Heloise) so Fulbert captured Abelard and had him castrated. Abelard and Heloise went to different monasteries, but ended up sending hundreds of love letters back and forth.
# Anatomy/Pelvis
## Bones and joints of the pelvis

The Pelvis is composed of 2 hip bones and sacrum . The hip bones form the lateral and anterior boundary of the pelvis while the sacrum forms its posterior boundary . the hip bone is an irregular bone that formed of three separate bones ileum ischeum and pubis . these bones are separate in the fetus and connected together by the triradiate cartilage in young and this cartilage ossifies by age . the sacrum is formed of five fused vertebrae at nearly the end of the vertebral column . the joints of the pelvis are : 1. the symphysis pubis ( between the two hip bones anteriorly ) 2. the iliosacral joint ( between the hip bone and the sacram posteriorly ) the first one is a fibrous joint doesn't allow movement . but the second one is a synovial joint allowing gliding movement ( plane synovial joint )

## Pelvic diaphragm

The pelvic diaphragm is the muscular sheet covering the pelvic outlet. It consists of the multi-functional muscle levator ani and the less important coccygeal muscle. Acting together, the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm raise the pelvic floor and contributes in generating intra-abdominal pressure. This causes pressure on abdominal viscera, and is thus important for vomiting, urination and defecation. Also, increased abdominal pressure is used in coughing and forced expiration. Directly, levator ani is cruicial to the voluntary suppression of defecation and urination, as both the rectum and the urethra pass through the muscle. Additionally, it provides support for the uterus in women. Weakness of the levator ani can cause problems such as incontinence and prolapse of the rectum or uterus of women, and exercises of the pelvic diaphragm is a recognized treatment option in managing urinary incontinence (particulary in stress incontinence) in women.
Levator ani (S4) The muscle is symmetrical with two attachments anteriomedially and posteriorly, and has three parts:
* M. pubococcygeus : Stretches between the symphysis pubis and the coccygeus, touching the borders of uterus and rectum. Pubococcygeus constitutes the main body of the levator ani.
* M. puborectalis: An U-shaped muscular sling that passes posteriorly to the anorectal junction, causing an anterior pull on the rectum. This creates a sharp anorectal angle (perineal flexure), which is important for maintaining fecal continence. Thus, during defecation, straightening of the flexure by relaxation of the puborectal muscle must occur.
* M. iliococcygeus is the lowest lying part of the levator ani, and it covers the posterior part of the pelvic outlet, stretching from the obturator fascia to the mid-portion of the coccygeus. This part is often small and not very important.
* M. coccyceus (S4/S5)
Forms a small part of the posterior pelvic diaphragm, and stretches for the ischial spine to the inferior medial sacrum.
# Anatomy/Quizzes

* Anatomy/Quizzes
* Anatomy/Bones of the shoulder region 4
* Anatomy/Bones of the shoulder region 3
* Anatomy/Bones of the shoulder region
* Human anatomy quizzes/Brachial plexus
* Human anatomy quizzes/Superficial muscles of the anterior compartment
* Human anatomy quizzes/Deep muscles of the pectoral region
* Human anatomy quizzes/Superficial muscles of pectoral region
* Human anatomy quizzes/Hand
* Human anatomy quizzes/Elbow joint bursa
* Human anatomy quizzes/Elbow joint ligaments
* Human anatomy quizzes/Radius and ulna
* Human anatomy quizzes/Shoulder capsule
* Human anatomy quizzes/Sternoclavicular joint
* Human anatomy quizzes/Shoulder joint
* Human anatomy quizzes/Humerus
* Human anatomy quizzes/Scapula
* Human anatomy quizzes/Pectoral girdle
* Human anatomy quizzes/Back muscles
* Human anatomy quizzes/Shoulder muscles
# Anatomy/Introduction

The term anatomy is derived from the Greek word temnein, meaning “to cut”. Anatomy is the study of the structures of organisms and their parts, here we are mainly going to discuss about Human anatomy. Human anatomy is mainly divided into two groups Macroscopic anatomy (Gross Anatomy) and Microscopic anatomy (Histology). Macroscopic anatomy or Gross Anatomy is the study of Human structures at the macroscopic level - everything that can be seen with the naked eye, and Microscopic anatomy or Histology is the study Human cells and tissues at microscopic level - which can be seen with a microscope.
Anatomy can be studied in mainly two ways of approach which are regional approach(each region of the body is studied separately and all aspects of that region are studied at the same time) and systemic approach(each system of the body is studied and followed throughout the entire body). Here we are only going to use the regional approach where we will study upper limb, lower limb, abdomen, thorax, back, head and neck separately.
A course in anatomy gives students several tools that are essential to the practice of medicine. The most apparent tool is the ability to describe the precise position of structures within the body, and to locate these structures quickly - an essential skill in medical communication. Furthermore, students learn the function of many of the body structures, aided by the study of Human Physiology. Bones, muscles, and the central nervous system all cause changes in the body on both the macroscopic and microscopic level.
In a traditional anatomy course at medical school, lectures are accompanied by laboratory time, in which cadavers are dissected, allowing the medical student to study anatomical structures in situ. This gives the student a more thorough and complete knowledge of structures in relation to one another, as well as an understanding of what these structures look and feel like - far more than any anatomical textbook could do. It also gives the student practical experience in identifying everything from bony landmarks to specific nerves and muscles.
The study of anatomy requires a significant amount of memorization, however this requirement is moderated by the use of systematic methods of learning, and various tricks - such as mnemonics - wherever possible.
To continue with the course, the student should begin by familiarizing themselves with the terminology used in anatomy.
1.1 Anatomical Terminology
# Anatomy/Planes and orientation nomenclature

Three planes exist which are used to describe which direction a body or section is being viewed from:
* Coronal
* Transverse
* Horizontal