# Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/B

The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms
B
Balance :
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Balance
Susceptibility to falls
Alternative terms
Postural instability---Falls
The following references are relevant:-
King et al (2012) Do clinical scales of balance reflect turning abnormalities in people with Parkinson's disease?
Duncan and Earhart (2012) Should One Measure Balance or Gait to Best Predict Falls among People with Parkinson Disease?
Boonsinsukh et al (2012) A Cane Improves Postural Recovery From an Unpracticed Slip During Walking in People With Parkinson Disease
Further Research
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References
↑ King, L.A.; Mancini, M,; Priest, K.; Salarian, A.; Rodrigues-de-Paula, F. and Horak, F. (2012) Full Text J. Neurol. Phys. Ther. 36 (1) 25 – 31 Do clinical scales of balance reflect turning abnormalities in people with Parkinson's disease? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22333919
↑ Duncan, Ryan P. And Earhart, Gammon M. (2012) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2012 923493 Should One Measure Balance or Gait to Best Predict Falls among People with Parkinson Disease? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3503435/A
↑ Boonsinsukh, Rumpa; Saegsirsuwan, Vitoon; Carlson-Kuta, Patricia and Horak, Fay.B. (2012) Full Text Phys. Ther. 92 (9) 1117 – 1129 A Cane Improves Postural Recovery From an Unpracticed Slip During Walking in People With Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3432949/ :
Blepharospasm (spasm of the eyelid0 :
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Blepharospasm
Spasm of the eyelid
The following references are relevant:-
Elston (1992) A new variant of blepharospasm
Hallett et al (2008) ..Update on blepharospasm: Report from the BEBRF International Workshop
Armstrong (2011) Visual symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Blepharospasm.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Elston, J.S. (1992) Full Text J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Pstchiatry 55 (5) 369 – 371 A new variant of blepherospasm http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC489077%2F
↑ .Hallett, Mark; Evinger, Craig. Jankovic, Josph and Stacy. Marc (2008) Full text Neurology 71 (16) 1275 – 1282 Update on blepharospasm: Report from the BEBRF International Workshop http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2676990%2F
↑ Armstrong, R,A. (2011) Full Text Parkinsons Dis. 2011 908306 Visual symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3109513%2F :
Block (resistance to thought or movement) :
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Block
Resistance to thought or movement.
The following references are relevant:-
Brown and Marsden (1988) Internal versus external cues and the control of attention in Parkinson's Disease
Morris et al (1988) Planning and spatial working memory in Parkinson's disease.
Heindel et al (1989) Neuropsychological evidence for multiple implicit memory systems: a comparison of Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's disease patients
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Block.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Brown, R.G. and Marsden, C.D. (1988) Abstract Brain 111 (2) 323 – 345 Internal versus external cues and the control of attention in Parkinson's Disease http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/content/111/2/323.short
↑ Morrris, R.G.; Downes, J.J.; Shakian, B.J.; Evenden, J.L.; Heald, A. and Robbins, T.W. (1988) Abstract J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 51 757 – 766. Planning and spatial working memory in Parkinson's disease. http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/51/6/757.abstract
↑ Heindl, W.C.; Salon, D.P.; Shults, C.W.; Walike, P.A. and Butters, N. (1989) Abstract The Journal of Neuroscience 9 (2) 582 – 58 Neuropsychological evidence for multiple implicit memory systems: a comparison of Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's disease patients http://www.jneurosci.org/content/9/2/582.short :
Bradykinesia (slow movement) :
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Bradykinesia
Slowness of movement.
The following references are relevant:-
Morris et al (2010) Striding Out With Parkinson Disease: Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Gait Disorders
Schenkman et al (2011) Profile of Functional Limitations and Task Performance Among People With Early- and Middle-Stage Parkinson Disease
Heldman et al (2011) The Modified Bradykinesia Rating Scale for Parkinson’s Disease: Reliability and Comparison with Kinematic Measures
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Bradykinesia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
Pubmed (abstracts)
Pubmed_Central (Full_Text)
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See Also:-
Introduction to Parkinson's Science/Q Page 2
Symptomatic Relief for PD/Bradykinesia
References
↑ Morris, Meg E.; Mrtin, Clarissa L. and Schenkman, Margaret. (2010) Full Text Phys. Ther. 90 (2) 280 – 288. Striding Out With Parkinson Disease: Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Gait Disorders http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816030/
↑ Schenkman, Margaret S.; Ellis, Terry; Christiansen, Cory; Baron, Anna E.; Tickle-Degnen, Linda; Hall, Deborah A. and Wagenaar, Robert. (2011) Full Text Phys. Ther. 91 (9) 1339 – 1354 Profile of Functional Limitations and Task Performance Among People With Early- and Middle-Stage Parkinson Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3169785/
↑ Heldmann, dustin A.; Giuffrida, Joseph P.; Che, Robert; Payne, Megan, Mazzella, Filomena; Duker, Adrew P.; Shy, Alek; Kim, Sang Jin; Revilla, Fredy J. and EspY, Alberto J. (2011) Full Text Mov. Disord. 26 (10) 1859 – 1863 The Modified Bradykinesia Rating Scale for Parkinson’s Disease: Reliability and Comparison with Kinematic Measures http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324112/ :
Bradyphrenia (slowness of thought) :
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Bradyphrenia
Slowness of thought.
The following references are relevant:-
Aarsland et al (2009) Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease
Goldman and Litvan (2011) Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Oluladanola et al (2012) Frequency of cognitive impairment and depression in Parkinson's disease: A preliminary case-control study
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Bradyphrenia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Aarsland,D,; L and Schrag,, A. (2009) Full Text
Mov. Disord. 24 (15) 2175 – 2186 Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2787875/
↑ Goldman, J.G. and Litvan, I . (2011) Full Text
Minerva Med. 102 (6))441 -459 Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370887/
↑ Oluwadamilola O. Ojo, Njideka, Oo; Okubadejo, U.; Ojini, Frank I. and Danesi, Mustapha A. (2012) Full TextNiger. Med. J. 53 (2) 65 – 70 Frequency of cognitive impairment and depression in Parkinson's disease: A preliminary case-control study http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530250/ :
Bruxism (grinding of teeth) :
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Bruxism
Grinding of teeth
These references are relevant:-
Magee (1970) Bruxisma related to levadopa therapy
Durham et al (1993) Management of orofacial manifestations of Parkinson's disease with splint therapy: a case report.
Stivastaya et al (2002) Bruxism as presenting feature of Parkinson's disease.
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Bruxism.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
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References
↑ Magee, K.R.
(1970) JAMA 214 (1) 147 Bruxisma related to levadopa therapy http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5469056
↑ Durham, T.M.; Hodges, E.D.; Henry, M.J.; Geasland, J. and Straub, P. (1993) Abstract Spec. Care Dentist 1 (4) 155 – 158 Management of orofacial manifestations of Parkinson's disease with splint therapy: a case report.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303510
↑ Srivastava.; T. Ahuja, M.; Srivastava.; M. and Trivedi, A.< (2002) AbstractBruxism as presenting feature of Parkinson's disease.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11922248 :
Bulimia (violent or insatiable appetite) :
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Bulimia
Violent or insatiable appetite
The following references are relevant:-
Rosenberg et al (1977) Increased appetite (bulimia) in Parkinson's disease.
Burkhard et al (2008) Impulse control disorders and Parkinson's disease.
Zahodne et al (2011) Binge eating in Parkinson's disease: prevalence, correlates and the contribution of deep brain stimulation.
Further Research
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Literature search:
Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Bulimia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
Pubmed (abstracts)
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References
↑ Rosenberg, P.; Herishanu, Y,. and Beilin, B. (1977) Abstract J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 25 (6) 277 – 278 Increased appetite (bulimia) in Parkinson's disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/266536
↑ Burkhard, P.R.; Catalano-Chiuvé, S.; Gronchi-Perrin, A. Berney, A.; Vingerhoets, F.J. and Lüscher, C. (2008) Abstract Rev. Suisse Med. 4 (156) 1145 – 1150 Impulse control disorders and Parkinson’s disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18630168
↑ Zahodne, L.B.; Susatia, F,.; Bowers. D.; Ong T.L.; Jacobson, C.E. 4th.; Okun, M.S.; Rodriguez, R.L.; Malaty, I.A.; Foote, K.D. and Fernandez, H.H. (2011) Abstract J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 23 (1):56 - 62. Binge eating in Parkinson's disease: prevalence, correlates and the contribution of deep brain stimulation.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304139 :
< Back to Parkinson's Symptoms
Links to the symptoms of Parkinson's in alphabetical order:
| A | B | C | D | E |
| F - G | H | I - L | M - N | O |
| P - Q | R | S | T | U - Z |
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