OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Formulas in predicate logic; different predicates

| | e1a2 ¬S∧¬P [110] | e1a2 ¬S∧P [112] | |
| (e1a2 S) ∧ (e1a2 P) (implied by, but not to be confused with [113]) | e1a2 S∧¬P [111] | e1a2 S∧P [113] | a1e2 ¬Sv¬P ¬ e1a2 S∧P [013] |
| Matrix sketches | Matrix lists 2x2 | | e12 S∧P [173] | |
| Matrix sketches | Matrix lists 2x2 | a2e1 S∧P [133] | e(12) S∧P [153] | a1e2 S∧P [163] |
| Matrix sketches | Matrix lists 2x2 | e1a2 S∧P [113] | a(12) S∧P [123] | e2a1 S∧P [143] |
| Matrix sketches | Matrix lists 2x2 | | a12 S∧P [103] | |

## Syllogism analogues

| S | love |
| M | trust |
| P | admire |

### 013 113 171

[013] :
| e1a2 S∧M | Someone loves and trusts everyone. | [113] |
| (a1e2 ¬Mv¬P) ∧ (e1a2 S∧M) | | |
| e12 S∧¬P | Someone has someone whom they love, but whom they don't admire. | [171] |
# Forms of Short-term Financing/Small Business Administration (SBA) of the US

| Unit 7.1-Forms of Short-term Financing | Introduction | Preparing to Borrow | Vendor Financing | Documentary Collections | Bank Check | Personal Resources | Bank Financing | Export Credit Insurance | Guarantees | Ex-Im Bank Financing | SBA | Equity Investment | Earnings Requirments | Working Capital | Collateral | Resource Management | Primary Differences | Factoring | Forfaiting | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Return to Trade Finance Module 7: Short-term Financing |

## Small Business Administration (SBA) of the US

The SBA has some services specifically designed to help the small business get started in exporting. SBA provides financial assistance programs for US exporters. Applicants must qualify under the SBA’s size standards and meet other eligibility criteria. The SBA has two main programs to assist US exporters-- the Export Working Capital Program and the International Trade Loan (ITL) program. It is important to note that the SBA does not provide loans but rather loan guarantees.
The SBA programs provide a small business owner with financing aids that will enable the business to obtain the capital needed to get into exporting. This program is designed to help small business exporters obtain financing by reducing risks to lenders. The SBA will guarantee up to 90% of a loan from a private bank. The proceeds from the loan can be used for pre-shipment working capital, post-shipment exposure coverage, or a combination of both.
Credit managers should understand the basic credit attributes that are part of the SBA package that is funded through a bank and be able to determine if a company can qualify for SBA's financial assistance. The company must understand basic credit factors that apply to all loan requests. Every application needs positive credit merits to be approved. These are the same credit factors a lender will review and analyze before deciding whether to internally approve a loan application, seek a guaranty from SBA to support their loan, or decline the application all together.
# Forms of Short-term Financing/Summary

| Unit 7.1-Forms of Short-term Financing | Introduction | Preparing to Borrow | Vendor Financing | Documentary Collections | Bank Check | Personal Resources | Bank Financing | Export Credit Insurance | Guarantees | Ex-Im Bank Financing | SBA | Equity Investment | Earnings Requirments | Working Capital | Collateral | Resource Management | Primary Differences | Factoring | Forfaiting | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Return to Trade Finance Module 7: Short-term Financing |

## Summary

A variety of short-term financing tools are available to exporters and importers. These tools range in simplicity, cost, requirements and risk. The need for financing will depend on the parties involved in the transaction, the countries involved, the products/services being traded, the amount of the transaction, and regulations that surround the transaction. Selecting and qualifying for appropriate financing tools can make or break the transaction and the profitability achieved by the importer and exporter significantly. Do your homework as programs change; identify your options; and select the appropriate tools.
# English-Chinese/Philosophy of science

Philosophy of science is a sub-field of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science. This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the relationship between science and truth.
科学哲学 是 与 科学的 基础，方法 和 含义 有关的 哲学的 一个 子领域。这项 研究的 中心问题 涉及 什么 是 科学，科学理论的 可靠性 和 科学的 最终 目的。例如，当 它 探索 科学 与 真理 之间的 关系 时，这门 学科 与 形而上学，本体论 和 认识论 重叠。
# English-Chinese/Phoneme

Phonemes are the units of sound (speech) which distinguish one word from another in a particular language. In spoken English there are about 24 consonantal phonemes and 20 vowel phonemes, altogether 44 phonemes.
音素 是 声音（语音）的 单位，它 在 特定 语言中 区分 一个词 与 另一个词。在 英语 口语中，大约 有 24个 辅音音素 和 20个 元音音素，总共 44个 音素。
# English-Chinese/Physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity

Physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity.
身体活动有助于减轻体重，改善血糖控制，血压，血脂和胰岛素敏感性。
# English-Chinese/Phloem

In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue made up of small tubes which carry watery sap containing sugar and other organic nutrients to all parts of the plant where the nutrients are used for growth, or stored until needed. The sugar is made by photosynthesis. In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, therefore the name, that comes from the Greek word φλοιος (phloios) for "bark".
在 维管植物中，韧皮部 是 由 小管 组成的 活组织，其 携带 含有 糖 和 其他 有机营养物的 含水汁液 到 植物的 所有 部分，其中 营养物 用于 生长，或 储存 直至 需要。糖 是 通过 光合作用 制成的。在 树木中，韧皮部 是 树皮的 最内层，因此 这个 名字 来源于 希腊语 φλοιος（phloios）的 “树皮”。
# English-Chinese/Physical exercise

Repeatedly moving the human body to make it stronger or better at doing something. This is called physical exercise.
重复地 移动 人体，使其 更强 或 更好。这 被称为 体育锻炼。
# English-Chinese/Philippines

The Philippines is an Island country in Southeast Asia in the Pacific Ocean. It has 7,641 islands. Spain (1521-1898) and the United States (1898-1946), colonized the country. The capital city of the Philippines is Manila.
菲律宾是太平洋东南亚的一个岛国。它有7,641个岛屿。西班牙（1521-1898）和美国（1898-1946）殖民该国。菲律宾的首都是马尼拉。
# English-Chinese/Philosophy

Philosophy is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society. It works by asking very basic questions about the nature of human thought, the nature of the universe, and the connections between them. The ideas in philosophy are often general and abstract. But this does not mean that philosophy is not about the real world. Ethics, for example, asks about the ideas underlying our everyday lives. Metaphysics asks about how the world works and of what it is made.
哲学 是 思考 世界，宇宙 和 社会的 一种 方式。它 通过 提出 关于 人类思想的 本质，宇宙的 性质 以及 它们 之间的 联系 等 非常 基本的 问题 而 起作用。哲学思想 往往 是 一般的 和 抽象的。但 这 并不 意味着 哲学 与 现实世界 无关。例如，道德问题 涉及 我们 日常生活的 基本思想。形而上学 询问 这个 世界 如何 操作 以及 如何 被创造。
# English-Chinese/Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions

Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
哲学是关于存在，知识，价值，理性，思想和语言的一般和基本问题的研究。
# English-Chinese/Phylum

A phylum (plural: phyla) is the third highest rank used in the biological taxonomy of all organisms. The second rank is kingdom. And the highest is domain.
门 是 所有 生物的 生物分类中 使用的 第三高 等级。第二级 是 王国。最高的 是 域名。
# English-Chinese/Physical activity can have a protective effect against the emergence of depression

Physical activity can have a protective effect against the emergence of depression.
身体活动可以对抑郁症的出现起到保护作用。
# EuroLex/E/Timothy grass

timothy grass
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: n. 'fodder grass'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | timot(h)eegras [timote:γras] | end18c | the same as in English, see above, status: word comes from other source than English: name | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | timotei | ... | the same as in English, see above, status: word comes from other source than English | dito | ... |
| French | timothy < fléole des prés | 19c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Timotheegras | ... | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English (archaic) | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | timothy grass = Thimoteus füve (trsl) [= English/timoti] | beg19c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical, archaic, rare | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | timotei [timutæi] | 19c | the same as in English, see above, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | ... |
| Polish | tymotka [timotka] | mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/E/Toast 1

toast1
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: n. 1 'bread in slices browned on both sides by radiant heat'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | tost | mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | toast < toost | beg19c | the same as in English, see above, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | toast/tousti < paahtoleipä | mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (colloquial); | dito | ... |
| French | toast [tost] | end19c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | toast [to:st] | beg19c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | toast < pirítós | 20c | the same as in English, see above, status: known as a foreignism, used only with reference to British or American contexts > status: restricted use: written; | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | toast = pane tostato | 1930s | the same as in English, see above, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | toast < ristet brød [= English] | mid19c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use | dito | ... |
| Polish | tost [tost] | mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | toast < tostada [tost] | end19c | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English > status: restricted use: journalese | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/E/Toast 2

toast2
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: n. 2b 'a salute, or a call to drink or an instance of drinking in honour of someone'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | toast < toost [to:st] | beg19c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | toast [tost] | end19c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | toast [to:st] | end18c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | tószt < pohárköszöntö [to:st] | 19c | the same as in English, see above, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | toast < skal (tale) [= English] | mid19c | the same as in English, see above, status: known as a foreignism, used only with reference to British or American contexts | dito | ... |
| Polish | toast [toast] | mid19c | the same as in English, see above, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | toast [tost] | mid19c | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English > restricted use: journalese | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/E/Thriller

thriller
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: 1 'a sensational story, film, etc.', +2 'an exciting event'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | triller | mid20c | 1, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | thriller [= English/trilər] | 1940s | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | trilleri | mid20c | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| French | thriller | 1930s | 1, status: restricted use: colloquial | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Thriller [srila] | mid20c | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (colloquial) | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | thriller [= English/triller] | end20c | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (journalese, modern) | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | thriller [triller] | 1950s | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | thriller [triler] | 1940s | 1, the same as in English, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Polish | thriller [triler] | end20c | the same as in English, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | thriller | 1970s | 1, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/E/Tie-break

tie-break
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: n. 'a means of deciding a winner from competitors who have tied (tennis, volleyball)'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | tiebreak [= English] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | tie-break [= English] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| French | tie-break < échange décisif/manche décisive/jeu décisif [= English] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical, banned | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Tie-Break [= English] | 1980s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | tie-break [= English] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | tie-break [tai brεk] | 1980s | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (technical) | dito | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | tie-break [= English] | 20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Polish | tie-break | end20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | tie-break = muerte súbita [= English/taibrek] | end20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
# EuroLex/E/Time-sharing

time-sharing
* Original language: English
* Original form and meaning: n. 1 'the operation of a computer system by several users for different operations at one time', 2 'the use of a holiday home at agreed times by several joint owners'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | time-sharing [= English] | end20c | 1, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | time-sharing [= English] | 1980s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | time-sharing < partage du temps/temps partagé [taim∫εriŋ] | 1970s | 1, status: restricted use: obsolete, banned | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Time-Sharing [taim∫e:riŋ] | 1980s | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | time-sharing [taim∫e:ring] | 1980s | 1, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | time-sharing [= English] | 1980s | 1, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | time-sharing/time-share [= English] | 1980s | 2, status: restricted use: technical | dito | ... |
| Polish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | time-sharing; 1: (trabajo en) tiempo compartido (trsl); 2: multipropiedad/tiempo compartido (trsl) | end20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical, rare | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |