OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English basics/101 q3 clicked21

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked1

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked12

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked312

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked2

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked3

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A Girl
# English basics/101 q3 clicked32

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A girl
# English basics/101 q3 correct

Correct!
| CLICK HERE
# Informal learning activities/En

Englnd
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case England, into a Places & Buildings or Buildings and Places item.
# Informal learning activities/Es

Estn
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case Estonia, into a Places & Buildings item.
# Informal learning activities/EdcFrr/lTx

* [[w:{{{1}}}#{{{2}}}|{{{2}}}]] ({{{3}}})
This sets up a leading item (note the • above) in Living Things lists, linking to Wikipedia with {{{1}}}#{{{2}}}, displaying {{{2}}} and giving {{{3}}} as the hint.  It is a simple leader and relies on Wikipedia's insensitivity to case in the first letter of its page name. Example: {{../lTx|one|two|three}} gives • two (three)
with one#two as its link.  Use lTw for a similar trailing item.
# Informal learning activities/EdcFrr/xRd

ex
This gives a red prefix to signify extinction.
# Informal learning activities/Eg

Egpt
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case Egypt, into a Places & Buildings item.
# Informal learning activities/Fld

Fnlnd
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case Finland, into a Places & Buildings item.
# Informal learning activities/EdcFrr/sM

{{{1}}}
This provides a simple way of getting a smaller italic font for {{{1}}}.
# Informal learning activities/EdcFrr/tY

{{{1}}}
This provides a simple way of getting a tiny italic font for {{{1}}}.
# Informal learning activities/Ep

Ethp
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case Ethiopia, into a Places & Buildings item.
# Informal learning activities/Ev

Esclvn
This inserts a link to the country or area, in this case Esclavonia, into a Places & Buildings item.
# Conservation Entrepreneurship/Annotated Bibliography/Social Marketing Annotated bibliography posted by Ana Lima

Andrearsen, Alan R. (1994). Social Marketing: Its Definition and Domain. Article published in the Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, vol 13, pages 108-114.
This article is a good start for anybody interested in understanding social marketing. It was written in 1994 and could not be more relevant today, since the term can assume a number of meanings in different contexts. For instance, a simple search on the internet brings up social marketing as a synonymous of social media or virtual communication. However, the term has also gained credibility and cohesiveness since the 90's and I believe this article contributed for it.
The main point argued by Andrearsen was the necessity of a robust definition for the term social marketing, a definition derived from its goal to change behavior for good, so it would be seen and used in the academic realm, government and private sectors as a structured and effective strategy and not as another buzzword. He points out the importance of defining the term and criticizes earlier definitions, coming to the conclusion that for a program to be recognized as social marketing, from his point of view, it would have to contain at least the following characteristics: 1) use commercial marketing technologies; 2) focus on influencing voluntary behavior; and 3) seek to benefit target consumers and society.
Kotler, Philip and Nancy R. Lee (2008). Social Marketing: Influencing Behaviors for Good. Book published by Sage Publications - 3rd edition, 443 pages.
This is a very recent publication about social marketing and it could be considered as a comprehensive guide for starting a social marketing program. It defines the concept and conducts the reader in every single step for putting together a robust program to promote behavior change, in detail and with a number of practical examples, specially related to health and environment, also drawing useful lessons from them. It is a valuable source for practitioners in the field of social marketing or anyone interested in behavior change, it describes effective techniques and tools, from the preliminary stages of analyzing the environment and choosing the target audience to developing a market strategy, budgeting, and monitoring and evaluating this strategy. The book also has an appendix with step by step planning worksheets.
# Conservation Entrepreneurship/Acre case study

this is a test
# Decreasing induction/Exam permission/Exercise

The official qualification for the written exam is obtained by reaching at least $200$ marks in the exercises altogether. However, Professor Knopfloch says that a mark more or less will not be decisive. Show, by a suitable induction, that one gets the qualification for the written exam with any number of marks.
# Deductive Logic/Inference Rules
## Inference Rules

A number of valid argument schemas are useful for drawing conclusions from the premises. These are called inference rules. Inference rules preserve truth—if the premises are true, the conclusions must also be true. These rules of inference can be written in the following standard form:
   * Premise 1
   * Premise 2
   * Premise #n
   * Conclusion
For example, the inference rule known as modus ponens is written as:
   * p → q
   * p
   * q
And can be read as: if p then q, and p imply (therefore) q.
Several valid rules of inference will be introduced, including the name, form, and example for each.

### Modus Ponens

(affirming the antecedent)
   * p → q
   * p
   * q
If it is Saturday, then I will wash my car. It is Saturday, therefore I will wash my car.
A common fallacy of modus ponens is affirming the consequent. This has the general form of asserting q and then concluding p from the premise p→q. In the above example, knowing that I will wash my car it is invalid to conclude that it is Saturday, because I may wash my car on other days as well.

### Modus Tollens

(denying the consequent)
   * p → q
   * ¬ q
   * ¬ p
If it is Saturday, then I will wash my car. I am not washing my car, therefore it is not Saturday.
A common fallacy of modes tollens is denying the antecedent. This has the general form of denying p and then concluding ¬ q. In the above example, knowing that it is not Saturday it is invalid to conclude that I am not washing my car, because I may wash my car on other days as well.

### Conjunction

   * p
   * q
   * p • q
Today is Saturday. It is raining. Therefore it is Saturday and it is raining.

### Addition

   * p
   * p ∨ q
It is Saturday. Therefore it is Saturday or pigs fly.

### Simplification

   * p • q
   * p
It is Saturday and it is raining. Therefore, it is Saturday.

### Elimination

   * p ∨ q
   * ¬ p
   * q
Pigs can fly, or it is Saturday. Pigs cannot fly. Therefore it is Saturday.

### Transitivity

   * p → q
   * q → r
   * p → r
If today is Saturday, then I will wash my car. If I wash my car, then my car will shine. Therefore if today is Saturday then my car will shine.

### Constructive Dilemma

   * p → q
   * r → s
   * p ∨ r
   * q ∨ s
If it is Saturday, then I will wash my car. If it rains, I will use an umbrella. Either it is Saturday, or it is raining. Therefore, either I am washing my car or I will use an umbrella.

### Destructive Dilemma

   * p → q
   * r → s
   * ¬q ∨ ¬ s
   * ¬p ∨ ¬ r
If it is Saturday, then I will wash my car. If it rains, I will use an umbrella. I am not washing my car or I am not using an umbrella. Therefore, it is not Saturday, or it is not raining.
# Deductive Logic/Logic Puzzles
## Logic Puzzles

Reasoning skills developed by studying deductive logic can be applied to solve a variety of complex logic puzzles.

### Assignment

Solve this logic puzzle. The following version of the puzzle appeared in Life International in 1962:
   * There are five houses.
   * The Englishman lives in the red house.
   * The Spaniard owns the dog.
   * Coffee is drunk in the green house.
   * The Ukrainian drinks tea.
   * The green house is immediately to the right of the ivory house.
   * The Old Gold smoker owns snails.
   * Kools are smoked in the yellow house.
   * Milk is drunk in the middle house.
   * The Norwegian lives in the first house.
   * The man who smokes Chesterfields lives in the house next to the man with the fox.
   * Kools are smoked in the house next to the house where the horse is kept.
   * The Lucky Strike smoker drinks orange juice.
   * The Japanese smokes Parliaments.
   * The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
   Now, who drinks water? Who owns the zebra?
   In the interest of clarity, it must be added that each of the five houses is painted a different color, and their inhabitants are of different national extractions, own different pets, drink different beverages and smoke different brands of American cigarets [sic]. One other thing: in statement 6, right means your right.
   — Life International, December 17, 1962
This is called the Zebra Puzzle. A solution is shown in the Wikipedia article on that puzzle.
# Dedekind Cut

A Dedekind cut is a construction that produces the real numbers from the rational numbers. Dedekind cuts are named after the German mathematician Richard Dedekind (1831-1916).
The problem of the rational numbers is that quantities that seemingly ought to exist, do not exist as rational numbers, even though the rational numbers can get arbitrarily close to what the value should be. Perhaps the simplest such number is the square root of 2. The function f(x) = x$^2$ - 2 passes through the value zero somewhere between 1.414 and 1.415, but never achieves the value zero, when only rational numbers are considered. (See Real Numbers for an outline of the proof that the square root of 2 is irrational.)
A Dedekind cut is a subset of the rationals that satisfies:
* It contains at least one number, but not all numbers.
* If x is in the set, any y with y < x is also in the set.
* The set contains no largest member.
A little contemplation will show that a cut is generally of the form "all numbers less than X" for some rational number X. Rule number 2 is the important rule that makes this so. Intuitively, a cut is "everything to the left of [some point]". The complement of a cut is generally of the form "all numbers greater than or equal to X".
We can do arithmetic on cuts: For example, given cuts A and B, we can define "A+B" as the set of all (rational) numbers that are sums of a number in A and a number in B.
So far, it would seem that we haven't accomplished anything—every cut seems to be a rational number, and every rational number is a cut. But here is the miracle: We can define a cut as "all rational numbers that have squares less than 2". There is no rational number that gives this cut in the manner described above, but it is still a cut. We can perform cut arithmetic on it. This cut, when multiplied by itself, is the cut "all rational numbers less than 2", which is the cut associated with 2.
So we define the real numbers as the set of Dedekind cuts. The real number ${\sqrt {2}}\,$ is defined as "that cut that consists of rational numbers that have squares less than 2".
When the real numbers are defined this way, they satisfy the intermediate value theorem. If f(x) is a continuous function that has $f(a)<Q$ and $f(b)>Q$, there is a number x between a and b with $f(x)=Q$. Simply make the cut of those numbers with function value less than Q. That cut is the required number. (There are a few more minor details.)
The use of Dedekind cuts is one of the two famous ways of defining the real numbers, that is, completing the rationals. The other method is Cauchy Sequences.
# Deductive Logic/Equivalent Schemata
## Equivalent Schemata

A number of schemata can be proven to be equivalent. These are useful for transforming an argument into a more convenient, yet equivalent form.
Several valid equivalent schemata will be introduced, including the name and forms for each. Recall that the ≡ symbol represents equivalence.
Double Negative: ‘p’ ≡ ‘¬ (¬ p)’
Association: ‘p∨(q∨r’) ≡ ‘(p∨q)∨r’ , also: ‘p•(q•r)’ ≡ ‘(p•q)•r’
Commutation: ‘p∨q’ ≡ ‘q∨p’ , also: ‘p•q’ ≡ ‘q•p’
De Morgan’s laws: ‘¬ (p∨q)’ ≡ ‘¬ p • ¬ q’ , also: ‘¬ (p•q)’ ≡ ‘¬ p ∨¬ q’
Distribution: ‘p•(q∨r)’ ≡ ‘(p•q) ∨(p•r)’ , also: ‘p ∨(q•r)’ ≡ ‘(p∨q) • (p∨r)’
Transposition (Contraposition): ‘p → q’ ≡ ‘¬ q → ¬ p’ ("twist it around and not it and it will hold")
Implication: ‘p → q’ ≡ ‘¬ p∨q’ , also: ‘p → q’ ≡ ‘¬(p• ¬ q)’
Idempotence: ‘p’ ≡ ‘p•p’, also: ‘p’ ≡ ‘p∨p’
Exportation: ‘(p•q) → r’ ≡ ‘p → (q → r)’
Biconditional: ‘p≡q’ ≡ ‘(p → q) • (q → p)’, also: ‘p≡q’ ≡ ‘(p • q) ∨(¬ p • ¬ q)’
Law of the Excluded middle: ‘p ∨¬ p’ ≡ true
# Heron's method/R/Dilation by square/Exercise

Let $c\in \mathbb {R} _{+}$ be a positive real number and let ${\left(x_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ be the Heron-sequence for the computation of ${\sqrt {c}}$ with the initial value $x_{0}\in \mathbb {R} _{+}$. Let $u\in \mathbb {R} _{+}$, $d=c\cdot u^{2}$, $y_{0}=ux_{0}$ and let ${\left(y_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ be the Heron-sequence for the computation of ${\sqrt {d}}$ with initial value $y_{0}$. Show that
    $y_{n}=ux_{n}\,$
holds for all $n\in \mathbb {N}$.
# Heron's method/Square root of 5/First four members by hand/Start value 2/Exercise

Compute by hand the approximations $x_{1},x_{2},x_{3},x_{4}$ in Heron's method to find the square root of $5$ with initial value $x_{0}=2$.
# Heron's method/Square root 3/Square root 1 divided by 3/Exercise

Let ${\left(x_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ denote the Heron-sequence for the computation of ${\sqrt {3}}$ with initial value $x_{0}=1$ and let ${\left(y_{n}\right)}_{n\in \mathbb {N} }$ be the Heron-sequence for the computation of ${\sqrt {\frac {1}{3}}}$ with initial value $y_{0}=1$.
* Compute $x_{1}$ and $x_{2}$.
* Compute $y_{1}$ and $y_{2}$.
* Compute $x_{0}\cdot y_{0},\,x_{1}\cdot y_{1}$ and $x_{2}\cdot y_{2}$.
* Does the product sequence $z_{n}=x_{n}\cdot y_{n}$ converge within the rational numbers?
# Heron's method/Square root of 5/Four members/Start value 2/Exercise

Calculate by hand the approximations $x_{1},x_{2},x_{3},x_{4}$ in the Heron process for the square root of $5$ with initial value $x_{0}=2$.
# Heron's method/Square root of 7/First four members by Hand/Start value 2/Exercise

Compute by hand the approximations $x_{1},x_{2},x_{3},x_{4}$ in Heron's method to find the square root of $7$ with initial value $x_{0}=2$.
# Heutagogy

This Education resource is a "stub". Learn how you can help Wikiversity to develop it.
# English-Chinese/Electric charge

Electric charge is a basic property of electrons, protons and other subatomic particles. Electrons are negatively charged while protons are positively charged. Things that are negatively charged and things that are positively charged pull on (attract) each other. This makes electrons and protons stick together to form atoms. Things that have the same charge push each other away (they repel each other). This is called the Law of Charges. It was discovered by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. The law that describes how strongly charges pull and push on each other is called Coulomb's Law.
电荷 是 电子，质子 和 其他 亚原子粒子的 基本属性。电子 带负电 而 质子 带正电。带负电的 东西 和 带正电的 东西 拉动（吸引）对方。这 使得 电子 和 质子 粘在一起 形成 原子。具有 相同 电荷的 东西 彼此 推开（它们 相互 排斥）。这 就是 所谓的 电荷定律。它是 由 Charles-Augustin de Coulomb 发现的。描述 电荷 如何 强烈 拉动 和 推动的 法则 称为 Coulomb定律。
# English-Chinese/Electric fan

A electric fan is a machine using an electric motor to rotate vanes in order to move air for cooling.
电风扇 是 使用 电动机 来 旋转 叶片 以便 移动 空气 以 进行冷却的 机器。
# English-Chinese/Electric motor

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. An electric generator operates in the reverse direction, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
电动机 是 将 电能 转换成 机械能的 电机。发电机 以 相反的 方向 操作，将 机械能 转换成 电能。
# English-Chinese/Effects of diabetes

Effects of diabetes can range from feelings of unease, sweating, trembling, and increased appetite in mild cases to more serious effects such as confusion, changes in behavior such as aggressiveness, seizures, unconsciousness, and (rarely) permanent brain damage or death in severe cases.
糖尿病的影响可以从轻微病例的不安，出汗，颤抖和食欲增加到更严重的影响，例如混乱，行为改变，例如攻击性，癫痫发作，失去知觉，以及（很少）永久性脑损伤或严重死亡案例。
# English-Chinese/Electric guitar

The Electric guitar is a type of musical instrument. It was made in 1931 by George Beauchamp. It is a string instrument usually played with a pick and sometimes with the fingers. It uses things called "electric pickups" which are wire-wound magnets that change the vibration of the strings into electric current. This electric current is then sent to an amplifier that changes it to sound.
电吉他 是 一种 乐器。它是 由 George Beauchamp 于 1931年 制作的。它是 一种 弦乐器，通常 用 拨子 演奏，有时 用 手指 演奏。它 使用 称为 “电子拾音器”的 东西，它是 绕线磁铁，将 琴弦的 振动 变成 电流。然后 将 该 电流 发送到 放大器，将其 改变为 声音。
# English-Chinese/Electrical generator

A generator usually means a machine that makes electrical energy. It has a generator head with wires, spinning inside a magnetic field. The resulting electromagnetic induction makes electricity flow through the wires.
发电机 通常 是指 制造电能的 机器。它有 一个 带电线的 发电机头，在 磁场内 旋转。由此 产生的 电磁感应 使 电流 流过 电线。
# English-Chinese/Electricity

Electricity is the presence and flow of electric charge. Its best-known form is the flow of electrons through conductors such as copper wires.
电力 是 电荷的 存在 和 流动。其 最常见的 形式 是 电子 穿过 铜导线 等 导体的 流动。
# English-Chinese/Egg allergies affect one to two percent of children

Egg allergies affect one to two percent of children but are outgrown by about two-thirds of children by the age of 5.
鸡蛋过敏会影响1％到2％的儿童，但到5岁时，大约三分之二的儿童会更多。
# English-Chinese/Electric machine

In electrical engineering, electric machine is a general term for machines using electromagnetic forces, such as electric motors, electric generators, and others. They are electromechanical energy converters: an electric motor converts electricity to mechanical power while an electric generator converts mechanical power to electricity. The moving parts in a machine can be rotating (rotating machines) or linear (linear machines). Besides motors and generators, a third category often included is transformers, which although they do not have any moving parts are also energy converters, changing the voltage level of an alternating current.
在 电气工程中，电机 是 使用 电磁力的 机器 的 总称，例如 电动机，发电机 等。它们 是 机电能量转换器：电动机 将 电能 转换为 机械能，而 发电机 则 将 机械能 转换为 电能。机器中的 运动部件 可以 是 旋转的（旋转机器）或 线性的（线性机器）。除了 电动机 和 发电机，第三类 通常 包括 变压器，虽然 它们 没有 任何 运动部件，但 也是 能量转换器，改变 交流电压。
# English-Chinese/Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a record of the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time. It is done by electrodes attached to the outer surface of the skin and recorded by a device outside the body.
心电图（ECG 或 EKG）是 心脏的 一段时间内的 电的 活动的 记录。它是 通过 附接到 皮肤的 外表面上的 电极 和 由 身体外的 装置 记录的。
# Corsican I
## Hello! / Bonghjornu !

| English | Corsican |
| Hello! | Bonghjornu ! |
| How are you? | Cumu và ? |
| I'm good! | Và bè ! |
| And him, who is he? | È ellu, qual'hè ? |
| He's my uncle. | Hè u me zìu. |
| Welcome! | Benvinuti ! |
| Let me introduce my brother. | Vi presentu u mo fratellu. |
| Nice to meet you! | Mi face piacè ! |
| Which family do you belong to? | Di quale ne site ? |
| I'm Maurice Santini, the son of the doctor. | Sò Mauriziu Santini, u figliolu di u duttore. |
| And you, who are you? | È voi, quale site ? |
| My name is Pierre. | Mi chjamu Petru. |
| I'm Catherine's cousin. | Sò u cuginu di Catalina. |
| Thank you | Vi ringraziu |
| Goodbye! | Avvèdeci! |
| Say hi to your father for me! | Tante salute à bàbbitu ! |
| Good evening (hello) | Bona sera. |
| Good evening (goodbye) | À bona sera. |
| Goodnight. | À bona notte. |
# Corsican language

Corsican, also called corsu and lingua corsa, is a Romance language closely related to the Tuscan varieties of central Italy and therefore to standard Italian. It is spoken and written on the island of Corsica (France) and in northern Sardinia (Italy). Italian had an official status in Corsica from the Middle Ages until 1859. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the use of French grew to the extent that, by 1945, all islanders had a working knowledge of French. By the 1960s, there were no monolingual speaker of Corsican left. In 1995, around 65% of the islanders had some degree of fluency in Corsican with only 10% having Corsican as their first language. The language is considered definitely endangered by the UNESCO, meaning that it is in danger of becoming extinct. It is estimated that there is around 200,000 native speakers. Gallurse and Sassarese, two languages considered to be of Corsican origin, are recognized as an official minority language in Sardinia.

## Dialects

The Corsican language has two main dialects: Northern Corsican and Southern Corsican.
Gallurese, spoken in the region of Gallura in the northeastern part of Sardinia, and Sassarese, are often considered transitional languages between Corsican and Sardinian.

## Lessons

* Corsican I - Greetings

## External resources

* Corsican phrasebook on Wikivoyage
* Corsican language, alphabet and pronunciation on Omniglot
# Corporate social responsibility/One Laptop per Child

The OLPC initiative creates low-cost laptops, tablets and servers. OLPC targets on children from ages 6 to 16 years (see question on OLPC wiki).
Recent information about the OLPC project can be found on: http://blog.laptop.org

## Issuelog

* OLPC project in Ghana: http://wiki.laptop.org/go/University_of_Education,_Winneba_-_Kumasi
* Get involved: How can my country get involved: http://wiki.laptop.org/go/How_can_my_country_get_involved

## Index

* blog: http://blog.laptop.org/
# Correlation/Introductory quiz

Correlation quiz