OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aikido/Body Techniques

Attacks are paired with defenses to produce an Aikido technique. Many attempts have been made to formalize these pairings. Unfortunately, there is a large number of them. This is made worse when variations are added. The approach taken here is to describe defenses with notes on variations given different Attacks in Aikido and alternative movements (omote, ura, ishi and soto kaiten, etc.) Also note that the rough skill level classifications are sometimes modified by the kind of attack being made. For example, Shomenuchi Ikkyo is a very basic technique that becomes more advanced when a knife is involved (Tanto-tori Shomenuchi Ikkyo)

## Basic Aikido Defenses

* Ikkyo - first defense
* Nikkyo - second defense
* Sankkyo - third defense
* Kotegaeshi - wrist turning defense
* Shihonage - four direction throw
* Kokyunage - breath throw
* Sumi-itoshi - corner throw
* Kaitenage - projection throw
* Iriminage - entering throw
* Tenchinage - heaven and earth throw

## Intermediate Aikido Defenses

* Yonkyo - fourth defense
* Gokyo - fifth defense
* Jujinage - figure 10 throw

## Advanced Aikido Defenses

* Rokyo - six defense
* Koshinage - hip throw
* Randori - defenses against multiple attackers
* Sojutsu - sacrifice throw
* Disappearing throw (need the technical term for this defense)
# Aikido/Practice with More Advanced Students

When the opportunity presents itself, you might consider practicing with a fellow student who is more advanced than you. There is a lot of advantage to this:
* It's usually safer
* They can give you a good, clean attack
* They can guide your response and explain where you are getting it wrong
* Usually they are better at falling, so you can focus on doing the technique
* They can push you a bit to try harder, faster, better

## Difference in Ability Level

The difference in skill level between you and your partner always matters. If you know more, you need to be more responsible for safety. If they know more, hopefully they will share what they know with you. There is comfort in practicing with students at or near your ability level. They are struggling to understand, too, so you tend to be less frustrated. On the other hand, you can gain first hand experience with good technique (usually by being thrown). Once you are comfortable with falling, you can watch for differences in how your partner does a technique vs. the way you do it. Learn to feel the difference.
Occasionally (perhaps even rarely) you will end up practicing with someone who is considerably more advanced than you. Don't be intimidated. Your partner is quite aware that you are a beginner. This is actually an opportunity for the advanced student, too. It's a chance to practice control and timing. It's a chance to share knowledge (and learn to teach).
Be respectful of your partners, especially if they are being patient with you and sharing what they know. By working with you, they do not have the chance to work at their full power. That's ok, but be aware that they are giving that up to be with you. Make your thanks sincere.
You might also find yourself practicing with a more advanced student who resents having to work with you. While sad, it's all too common. Make the best of it, but if you feel that your partner is being actively hostile or practicing in an unsafe manner, you are justified in withdrawing and stating that you'd rather practice with someone else. You won't make friends doing this, but that's probably better than getting hurt. If you experience a pattern of abuse, talk to your teacher about it. If your teacher IS the source of abuse, then you have a much more serious problem.

## Learning in Adversity

You'll meet all kinds of people practicing Aikido. The majority of them will be kind, considerate, and helpful, but there are also those who are arrogant, self-centered, competitive, or even down right sadistic. Should you shun such people and refuse to practice with them? Not necessarily. Adversity is also a great teacher. If you can find a path in which you can learn from such people and be safe, it's something to consider. Sometimes, you have very little choice in the matter. It's practice with this guy or give up Aikido. Only you can make these sorts of choices. You have to balance safety, hurt, and pain vs. learning how to protect yourself against hurt and pain.
# BCP/Dahlia

Dahlia
| Flower of cv. 'Autumn Fairy' Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Dahlia (Dahlia) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs SB Johnny-LM 10:53, 15 August 2007 (UTC) SBJ 18:24, 4 September 2007 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 09:16, 8 September 2007 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: (cultivated) August, September
Additional images:
# BCP/Dalibarda repens

Dalibarda repens
| Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Dalibarda repens (Dewdrop, Robin Runaway) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Herbaceous forbFlowers:Five white petals form a sterile flower at the end of a stem. The fertile, self-pollinating flowers never open and are hidden beneath the leaves.Foliage:Heart-shaped, scalloped margin. Similar to viola. The leaves grow at the end of a long petiole.Stem:Flowers and foliage are on separate stems.Life Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Jomegat 02:37, 25 June 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Summer, Mid Summer, Late Summer
Regional data: New Hampshire: (native) June, July, August
Additional images:
# BCP/Dactylis glomerata/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Dactylis glomerata (Orchard Grass). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2008 Logs

* (no archived logs yet)

##### Recent Logs

* --Turnvater Jahn 20:47, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 12:32, 5 June 2008 (UTC)
# BCP/Cypripedium acaule

Cypripedium acaule
| Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Cypripedium acaule (Pink Lady's Slipper, Moccasin Flower) Identifying Characteristics Habit:herbaceous forbFlowers:Unlike most other members of Cypripedium, the pouch of C. acaule opens in a slit that runs down the front of the labellum rather than a round opening.Foliage:The plant consists of two plicate leaves near the ground.Stem:A long, pubescent stalk bears a single pink flower.Growing Conditions:C. acaule grows in a variety of different habitats, including moist and dry soils. It is usually found in pine forests, where it can be seen in large colonies, but it grows in deciduous woods, as well. It is nearly always found in soil with high acid content.Life Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Jomegat 12:12, 4 May 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data: New Hampshire: May, June
Additional images:
# BCP/Dactylis glomerata

Dactylis glomerata
| Flowers and foliage Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Dactylis glomerata (Cockfoot Grass) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Meadows Recent Logs --Turnvater Jahn 20:47, 21 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 12:32, 5 June 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: (invasive or naturalized) June Leipzig Lowlands, Saxony, Germany: May
Additional images:
# BCP/Cyperus esculentus/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Cyperus esculentus (Yellow Nutsedge). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2008 Logs

* (no archived logs yet)

##### Recent Logs

* --SB_Johnny 09:50, 8 August 2008 (UTC)
# BCP/Dahlia/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for the plant Dahlia (Dahlia). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

##### Recent Logs

* SB Johnny-LM 10:53, 15 August 2007 (UTC)
* SBJ 18:24, 4 September 2007 (UTC)
* SB Johnny-LM 09:16, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

##### Archived Logs

(If there are more than 5 signatures under the recent logs heading, move the oldest logs to under this heading (generally leave the 3 most recent).
* (no archived logs yet)
# BCP/Cyperus esculentus

Cyperus esculentus
| Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Cyperus esculentus (Yellow Nutsedge) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs --SB_Johnny 09:50, 8 August 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Late Summer
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: August
Additional images:
# BCP/Dalibarda repens/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Dalibarda repens (Dewdrop, Robin Runaway). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2008 Logs

* Jomegat 21:42, 11 July 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 23:59, 16 July 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:57, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 04:28, 1 August 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 20:39, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 03:47, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

#### 2009 Logs

* Jomegat 21:56, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

##### Recent Logs

* Jomegat 02:37, 25 June 2010 (UTC)
# BCP/Cypripedium acaule/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Cypripedium acaule (Pink Lady's Slipper, Moccasin Flower). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2008 Logs

* --Jomegat 23:37, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 22:56, 28 May 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 23:04, 31 May 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 01:07, 3 June 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 23:45, 9 June 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 23:10, 15 June 2008 (UTC)
* --Jomegat 21:25, 21 June 2008 (UTC)

#### 2009 Logs

* Jomegat 23:14, 20 May 2009 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:28, 25 May 2009 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:10, 29 May 2009 (UTC)
* Jomegat 02:08, 1 June 2009 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:27, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

##### Recent Logs

* Jomegat 12:12, 4 May 2010 (UTC)
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Game design
#### Game design

Pupils with a strong interest in games may often receive support to change their interests, not to develop the topic further. An individual curriculum can allow a pupil to explore the connections between games and academic topics instead. All game designers should take an interest in game theory, stochastic, pedagogy and psychology. The pupils should be motivated to be creative and design their own games from scratch, not to play or modify available games (with the possible exception of chess and similar board games). Developing a good game can require a high amount of planning, group work and game testing. The game designers can also develop and train soft skills in the process.
Pupils interested in computer games can take an interest in computer science and the underlying mathematics of 3D computer graphics or the physics for a physics engine. The underlying mathematics will initially be much too difficult but VPython, Python Physics and Alice can also be used by younger pupils. 3D computer graphics and a physics engine can create a continual challenge until college, the challenge for the educators is to find a balance between using software libraries (possibly without understanding for the internal logic) and designing own libraries. Another challenge for the educators is to find a balance between using game design as an end in itself and using enthusiasm for game design to motivate harder science.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Microscopy
#### Microscopy

Microscopy as part of an individual curriculum should be introduced with the book (or film) Powers of Ten (which is, by the way, also suitable for an astronomy curriculum).
To motivate research in microscopy the curriculum should motivate pupils to make their own learning diary with photographies of preparations and documentary articles. This way a microscopy curriculum can have connections to biology, chemistry, medicine, scientific writing and photography.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Computer science
#### Computer science

Computer science isn't really a hard science, unless it's seen as a branch of mathematics; that's why computer science should be taught with one or several actual sciences (e.g. mathematics) as the focus of attention. To make computer science more interesting educators may combine it with play or creative work, which is suitable for children or teenagers who are not yet interested. For an individual curriculum, however, it is appropriate to assume that the children or teenagers already are interested in computer science, so the additional motivation is probably not required and computer science can be used to motivate harder science instead.
An individual curriculum for a child that isn't interested in science or needs more encouragement to stay interested can begin with programming environments like Alice or CeeBot but should introduce more serious topics in between and as the curriculum goals.

##### Example: Write a function plotter

Writing a function plotter is a sensible project with a focus on mathematics that can be useful to improve a pupil's understanding for mathematics. A function plotter can be extended and enhanced over several years to follow the growing mathematical knowledge of the pupil. As part of an individual curriculum the function plotter has a strong relation to school education and goals can be found that develop in parallel with the mathematics curriculum, which makes a function plotter a good choice.
Tasks:
* Write your own functional programming language; an interpreter for the evaluation of simple expressions is a good start and can be extended later on.
* Write a visual function plotter class, which makes use of your programming language.
* Write a user-friendly user interface, which makes use of the function plotter class.
* ↑ Theoretical computer science (Wikipedia)
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Languages
#### Languages

Pupils can also learn a less common language (not English or French, which are likely to be school subjects) as part of an individual curriculum. The curriculum should connect to the history and politics of the country or countries where the language is spoken.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Electronics
#### Electronics

A curriculum in electronics can be centered around an electronic construction kit (e.g. Busch electronic kit 7000 and 2188: computer technology), but should connect to the underlying physics and can connect to computer science (e.g. assembly language programming), robotics and mechatronics.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Environmental science
#### Environmental science

Environmental science connects to biology, chemistry, geography and computer science. Scientific methods can be learned to gather and to analyze environmental data.
Tasks:
* How many climate refugees can your country or region accommodate? You can try to write a computer simulation to gather data with different scenario parameters.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Logic
#### Logic

A course in logic can cover topics from mathematics, computer science and philosophy and all types of logical puzzles. A special emphasis can be on exercises where common sense errs, which implies a focus on logical fallacies, cognitive biases and the field of stochastics. A possible mode for a voluntary course is to invite pupils to gather and to prepare logical puzzles for presentation in the course.

##### Literature list

    Stewart, Ian (2004-07-08). Math Hysteria: Fun and Games with Mathematics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198613369. http://books.google.com/books?id=fMSZ4OgITQ8C.
    Gardner, Martin (2005). Martin Gardner's Mathematical Games (CD-ROM). Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 0883855453. http://books.google.com/books?id=M7x5AAAACAAJ.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Health care
#### Health care

A curriculum in health care can begin with an advanced course in first aid and study of human biology and medicine. The curriculum can connect to nutritional science and physical fitness. Older pupils can also take an internship with a health professional or qualify as a Certified Nursing Assistant or Healthcare Assistant.
The health mentoring course will also become useful as a resource for a health care curriculum.
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Journalism
#### Journalism

A curriculum in journalism should aim to produce a pupil magazine (if the school already has one the pupil(s) can join the team or find another focus and make their own).
In order to add a science aspect pupils can write reviews or summaries of scientific articles from (e.g.) Scientific American or Technology Review. The article/magazine should have a sufficient level to represent a challenge for the pupil but shouldn't be too difficult either (e.g. Nature). Journalism can (obviously) offer connections to almost any topic but a curriculum should encourage a certain amount of topics that involve sciences.
Pupils should be given false clues on occasion, so they can learn that they have to distinguish between nonsense and correct research. There is a sufficient amount of magazines that provide articles about nonsense. Pupils can also draft a code of conduct for their own publication concerning research and verification of sources.
Weblinks: youthpress.org, de.youthmedia.eu
* ↑ WP:SOURCES (Wikipedia policy)
# Assistant teacher course/Individual curriculum/Music
#### Music

Music may be a mandatory subject for younger pupils but is suitable as a voluntary course or elective subject for older pupils. Computer music can connect to programming topics.
# BCP/Aquilegia x hybrida

Aquilegia x hybrida
| Flowers of a pink variety Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Aquilegia x hybrida (Garden Columbine) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs --Anna gdf 11:54, 11 May 2010 (UTC) Anna reg 19:15, 12 May 2011 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Mid Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: (cultivated) April, May June Aurora, Colorado area: May, June
Additional images:
# BCP/Aquilegia x hybrida/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Aquilegia x hybrida (Hybrid Columbine). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2007 Logs

* --SB_Johnny | 10:02, 10 May 2007 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 23:17, 20 May 2007 (UTC)
* SB Johnny-LM 20:23, 21 May 2007 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 17:27, 23 May 2007 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 10:21, 26 May 2007 (UTC)
* SB Johnny-LM 09:37, 9 June 2007 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 14:34, 9 June 2007 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 09:52, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

#### 2008 Logs

* SB_Johnny-LM 10:07, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 09:40, 17 May 2008 (UTC)
* Ngravagna 16:49, 22 May 2008 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 09:02, 27 May 2008 (UTC)
* Ngravagna 18:05, 7 June 2008 (UTC)
* --SB_Johnny | 10:10, 8 June 2008 (UTC)
* Ngravagna 19:59, 15 June 2008 (UTC)

##### Recent Logs

* --Anna gdf 11:54, 11 May 2010 (UTC)
* Anna reg 19:15, 12 May 2011 (UTC)
# BCP/Aralia hispida

Aralia hispida
| Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Aralia hispida (Bristly Spikenard, Bristly Sarsaparilla) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Herbaceous forbFlowers:UmbelLife Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Jomegat 02:01, 16 June 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Summer, Mid Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Regional data: New Hampshire: June, July, August , September
Additional images:
# BCP/Aralia nudicaulis

Aralia nudicaulis
| Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Aralia nudicaulis (Wild Sarsaparilla, Smooth Sarsaparilla) Identifying Characteristics Habit:subshrubFlowers:Several cymes (usually three) appear at the end of a stem which is separate and generally not as high as the stem bearing the foliage.Foliage:Three bipinnate leaves with five leaflets.Stem:30-60 cm tall, smoothGrowing Conditions:Sandy soil in sun, partial shade or shade. Moist or dry soil.Life Cycle: PerennialSimilar Plants:Ginsengs Recent Logs Jomegat 00:23, 7 May 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data: New Hampshire: (native) May, June, July
Additional images: