OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# BCP/Caltha palustris

Caltha palustris
| Kingcup genets Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Caltha palustris (Kingcup, Marsh Marigold) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs Trinity507 00:32, 1 May 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data: Moravia-Silesia, Czech Republic: (native) April
Additional images:
| Illustration | Flowers with leaves | Flower |
# BCP/Calycanthus floridus

Calycanthus floridus
| Flower and foliage Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Calycanthus floridus (Sweetshrub) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Multistemmed shrubFoliage:Opposite, simpleScent:spicy scent from crushed parts, flowers strongly and sweetly fragrantLife Cycle: perennial shrub Recent Logs SB Johnny-LM 12:41, 16 May 2008 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 08:11, 13 June 2007 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 16:23, 1 July 2007 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Late Spring, Early Summer, Mid Summer
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: (native) (cultivated) May, June, July
Additional images:
# BCP/Callistemon

Callistemon
| C. speciosus Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Callistemon (Bottlebrush) Identifying Characteristics This page contains recent bloom logs for the plant Callistemon (Bottlebrush). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant. Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today. Recent Logs Isildil 20:12, 28 July 2007 (UTC) Archived Logs (If there are more than 5 signatures under the recent logs heading, move the oldest logs to under this heading (generally leave the 3 most recent). (no archived logs yet) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Regional data:
Additional images:
# BCP/Callistemon/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for the plant Callistemon (Bottlebrush).
If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

##### Recent Logs

* Isildil 20:12, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

##### Archived Logs

(If there are more than 5 signatures under the recent logs heading, move the oldest logs to under this heading (generally leave the 3 most recent).
* (no archived logs yet)
# BCP/Calycanthus floridus/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for the plant Calycanthus floridus (Sweetshrub). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

##### Recent Logs

* SB Johnny-LM 12:41, 16 May 2008 (UTC)
* SB Johnny-LM 08:11, 13 June 2007 (UTC)
* SB Johnny-LM 16:23, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

##### Archived Logs

(If there are more than 5 signatures under the recent logs heading, move the oldest logs to under this heading (generally leave the 3 most recent).
* (no archived logs yet)
# BCP/Calystegia sepium/Logs

This page contains recent bloom logs for Calystegia sepium (Hedge Bindweed). If you saw this plant blooming today (or sometime within the last 3 days), you can help improve the bloom clock by logging it. Just click on "edit" next to the Recent Logs heading, add *~~~~ (an asterisk followed by four tildes) on a new line just below the last signature, and then click "save page". This will add your signature and the date to log the plant.
Please make sure you've signed up on the contributors' page so that we can know the location of the plant you saw blooming and use your contribution to create a flora for your region! When you're done, you can go back to one of the main pages and find logs of other flowers you might have seen today.

### Logs
#### 2008 Logs

* Jomegat 02:47, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:35, 2 August 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 02:27, 13 August 2008 (UTC)
* Jomegat 20 August, 2008
* Jomegat 03:27, 8 October 2008 (UTC)

#### 2009 Logs

* (no archived logs yet)

##### Recent Logs

* Jomegat 00:43, 26 June 2009 (UTC)
* Jomegat 00:09, 15 July 2009 (UTC)
# BCP/Callicoma serratifolia

In Bloom in Annandale in October http://ramin.com.au/annandale/eco-annandale-2010-october-walk.shtml
# African Arthropods/Crustaceans
## Subphylum Crustacea

* Class Branchiopoda — Branchiopods
* Fairy shrimps
* Class Hexanauplia — Barnacles and Copepods
* Barnacles
* Copepods
* Class Malacostraca — Malacostracans, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, prawns, woodlice, amphipods, and mantis shrimp
* Crabs
* Isopods
* Mantis shrimps
* Class Ichthyostraca — Includes Branchiura, fish lice and Pentastomida, tongue worms
* Fish lice
* Subclass [[w:Mystacocarida|Mystacocarida] — Mystacocaridans
* Mystacocarids
* Class Ostracoda — Ostracods
* Ostracods
# African Arthropods/Diptera

Diptera is a large order of insects, comprising the two-winged flies. Species from 108 families of Diptera are known in the Afrotropical realm. These families are covered in the Manual of Afrotropical Diptera; the first three volumes of this four-volume project have been published, with the fourth volume expected in 2024. The first three volumes can be accessed at these sites: The Natural History Museum: Manual of Afrotropical Diptera; and the SANBI Repository (Volume 1; Volume 2; Volume 3).
The following cladogram is based on the FLYTREE project.
Abbreviations used in the cladogram:
* Cal=Calyptratae
* Cyc=Cyclorrhapha
* Ere=Eremoneura
* Mus=Muscomorpha
* Sch=Schizophora
* Tab=Tabanomorpha
# African Arthropods/Encyrtidae

There are more than 640 described species of Afrotropical Encyrtidae in about 130 genera. More than 380 of these species have been found in South Africa.

## Diagnostic features of Encyrtidae

In macro photographs, encyrtids are often recognizable using these features:
* Large mesopleuron, usually covering more than half of the thorax (mesosoma) in side view.
* Mid coxae join the thorax near the middle of the mesopleuron.
* Mesoscutum transverse (width greater than length), and generally not segmented by notauli.
* The axillae are usually visible as triangles with two long sides, one adjacent to the mesoscutum and the other adjacent to the scutellum; the short side of the triangle is adjacent to the base of the forewing. The axillae touch, or nearly touch, medially; appearing as wedges between the mesoscutum and the scutellum.
* Cercal plates (at the base of the cercal bristles) are advanced; rather than being near the posterior tip of the metasoma (abdomen); they are usually within the anterior (front) two-thirds of the metasoma.
* In Encyrtidae with fully developed wings, the marginal vein of the forewing is usually shorter than stigmal vein; there is also an oblique band on the forewing that lacks setae (a linea calva).

## Encyrtidae - genera

An illustrated key to the encyrtid genera of the Afrotropics was published in 1979.. This key has been updated here to include some taxonomic changes and images with appropriate Creative Commons licenses.
Many encyrtid genera are difficult to identify from photographs, but some are more recognizable. The photographs in the gallery below show some of the more recognizable ones. Please note that identifications of any chalcidoid wasps from photographs are difficult, and all should be treated with some doubt, unless the specimen was collected and details checked with a microscope.
* Anicetus sp.
* Aenasius sp.
* Apoleptomastix sp.
* Callipteroma sexguttata
* Homalotylus sp.
* Tachinaephagus sp.

## Encyrtidae for biological control of crop pests

Many encyrtid species are parasitoids of scale insects, some of which are pests that reduce productivity of agricultural crops across the world. Many scale insects have spread to countries where they have few natural enemies; in these cases, the introduction and spread of their wasp parasitoids can be used as a form of biological control to reduce their economic impact.
# African Arthropods/Hexapods
## Subphylum Hexapoda

* Class Entognatha — Entognathans, including springtails
Springtails - link to macro video.
* Coneheads
* Two-pronged bristletails
* Slender springtails
* Plump springtails
* Globular springtails
* Class Insecta — Insects
* Butterflies and moths
* Beetles
* Ants, bees, wasps, and sawflies
* True bugs, hoppers, aphids, and allies
* Flies
# African Arthropods/Chalcid wasps with branched antennae

The males of some Chalcidoidea have branched (pectinate) antennae. Links to images of some of these:
Elasmus on iNaturalist.
Pnigalio in a ZooKeys paper.
Pnigalio on the University of California site.
Necremnus in a scientific paper.
Sympiesis in the Catalogue of Organisms blog.
Pentacladia specimen in the Natural History Museum.
Eulophinae on BugGuide.
Eulophinae on BugGuide.
Eulophinae on BugGuide.
Tanaostigmodes, Tanaostigmatidae on BugGuide.
# African Arthropods/Chelicerates
## African Arthropoda - Subphylum Chelicerata

* Class Arachnida — Arachnids
* Mites
* Harvestmen
* Solifuges
* Spiders
* Tailless whip scorpions
* Class Pycnogonida — Sea Siders or Pycnogonids
* Sea Siders
# Arthropods of Ferncliffe Nature Reserve, Pietermaritzburg

Ferncliffe Nature Reserve is a small forest reserve in Msunduzi Local Municipality, between Pietermaritzburg and Hilton. The reserve includes a remnant of what was a more extensive forest (vegetation type Southern Mistbelt Forest) on the south-facing slopes in the area, and is home to a diverse range of plants and animals. A restoration project aims to remove invasive alien plants and re-introduce locally indigenous species. These are some of the arthropods photographed there.

## Subphylum Chelicerata

* Class Arachnida — Arachnids
* Whirligig mite
* Hardbacked tick
* Harvestman - Rhampsinitus sp.
* Jumping spider - Asemonea sp.
* Eastern Whipspider - Damon annulatipes

## Subphylum Crustacea

* Class Malacostraca — Malacostracans, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, prawns, woodlice, amphipods, and mantis shrimp

## Subphylum Hexapoda

* Class Entognatha — Entognathans, including springtails
* Class Insecta — Insects
* Charaxes butterfly
* Common Pearl Charaxes caterpillar
* Common Mother-of-Pearl butterfly
* Window Acraea
* Window Acraea
* Dusky Acraea
* Rove beetle
* Shield bug
* Wood gnat
* Snouted hoverfly
* Stalk-eyed fly
* Flat-footed fly
* Dichaetomyia sp., a muscid fly

## Subphylum Myriapoda

* Class Chilopoda — Centipedes
* Centipede from Subfamily Scolopendrinae
* Class Diplopoda — Millipedes
* Giant millipede, Doratogonus sp.
* Red millipede, Centrobolus sp.
* Southern Giant Pill Millipede
# Buyer's Risks/Summary

| Unit 4.2-Buyer's Risks | Introduction | Timely Payment | External Financing | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Summary

After completing this lesson, you should be able to describe the ways to ensure timely payment and both the economic and political risks factors that influence payment results. Included in the ability to recognize the ways risk factors influence payment is knowing when alternative means of financing need to be considered.
# C++/Function overloading

OUTPUT: square=225 square=6.25
# Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire directly succeeded in the Ancient Roman Empire, and while it was originally the eastern half of the early Roman empire, at times it controlled most of the coastal regions of the Ancient Roman empire. The empire had endured the crusades and plagues, the Mongol invasion and the eternal war which raged in Europe during the medieval times.

## Diocletian to the fall of the Western Empire

The Roman Empire had been divided by the emperor Diocletian, who created two empires—the Western and the Eastern. The Empire was rejoined and divided a few times through the 4th century, but the final division came in 395. The Western Empire was doomed to fall to the Barbarian hands, but the Eastern Empire sustained its freedom due to the strong battlements on the Danube and the fact that any Barbarians who crossed the Danube could be more easily defeated by the Byzantine armies or bribed by the immense treasury of the Eastern Roman Empire. In 476, the Barbarian warlord Odoacer became king of Italy and this was the end of the Western Roman Empire.

## Justinian

In the 6th century, a Byzantine emperor called Justinian captured many of the key lands that had belonged to the Western Roman Empire. This resulted in the Byzantine Empire reaching the size shown in the map below:

## 7th century-1204

After Justinian's expanded empire, the Byzantine Empire shrank significantly due to various problems, including the Islamic conquests. These conquests brought formerly Byzantine holdings under Muslim control and ultimately led to many of the Muslim countries that exist today. However, in the form of what's now Greece, along with Asia Minor (now Turkey), the Byzantine Empire was able to survive, reaching the extent shown in the diagram in 1025, before Crusades and more Muslim advances would result in the first fall of the Byzantine Empire. A crusade at the end of the 11th century captured lands for Christianity as far south and east as Jerusalem, although Jerusalem did not become a part of the Byzantine Empire at this time.

## 1204-1453

In 1204, the Crusaders conquered Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, and therefore the Byzantine Empire no longer existed. However, in 1261, Byzantine was recaptured and the Byzantine Empire was revived. However, the Ottomans eventually captured Constantinople in 1453 AD, and the Byzantine Empire fell for its final time.
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Mexico

Weekly all-cause deaths in Mexico, based on World Mortality Dataset data, world_mortality.csv, 3-week moving average:
Above, the last two weeks available from the source data were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause death excess percentage in Mexico, year by year, based on the same data as above:
Above, the minimum over previous last 3 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete.
Script oneliner to update the chart:
* plotWmd.py world_mortality.csv MEX 3
* plotWmd.py world_mortality.csv MEX --ep 3
See also:
External links:
* World Mortality Dataset at akarlinsky, hithub.com
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico, wikipedia.org
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/New York City

Weekly all-cause deaths in New York City from U.S. CDC data:
Script oneliner to update the chart:
See also:
Further reading:
* CDC excess deaths, cdc.gov
* Deaths in New York City Are More Than Double the Usual Total, April 10, 2020, nytimes.com
* COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, wikipedia.org
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/New Zealand

Weekly all-cause deaths in New Zealand, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 3-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
Weekly all-cause deaths in New Zealand for 0-14 year olds, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 7-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause deaths in New Zealand in weeks 1-17, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause deaths in New Zealand in weeks 40+ the year before and weeks 1-17 of the year, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause death excess percentage in New Zealand, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
Above, the minimum over previous last 5 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete. The percentage value calculated for year 2015 is meaningless since it uses data for the incomplete year 2010 as part of the baseline; this almost never happens in stmf.csv data.
Script oneliners to update the charts:
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NZL_NP DTotal 3 --svg
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NZL_NP D0_14 7 --svg
* plotHmdPerYear.py stmf.csv NZL_NP DTotal
* plotHmdPerSeason.py stmf.csv NZL_NP DTotal
* plotHmdExcessDeathPercPerYear.py stmf.csv NZL_NP DTotal 5 --svg
See also:
External links:
* mpidr.shinyapps.io/stmortality
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, wikipedia.org
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Peru

Weekly all-cause deaths in Peru, based on World Mortality Dataset data, world_mortality.csv, 3-week moving average:
Above, the last two weeks available from the source data were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause death excess percentage in Peru, year by year, based on the same data as above:
Above, the minimum over previous last 3 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete.
Script oneliner to update the chart:
* plotWmd.py world_mortality.csv PER 3
* plotWmd.py world_mortality.csv PER --ep 3
See also:
External links:
* World Mortality Dataset at akarlinsky, hithub.com
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, wikipedia.org
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Netherlands

Weekly all-cause deaths in Netherlands, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 3-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
Weekly all-cause deaths in Netherlands for 0-14 year olds, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 7-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause deaths in Netherlands in weeks 1-17, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause deaths in Netherlands in weeks 40+ the year before and weeks 1-17 of the year, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause death excess percentage in Netherlands, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
Above, the minimum over previous last 5 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete.
Script oneliners to update the charts:
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NLD DTotal 3 --svg
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NLD D0_14 7 --svg
* plotHmdPerYear.py stmf.csv NLD DTotal
* plotHmdPerSeason.py stmf.csv NLD DTotal
* plotHmdExcessDeathPercPerYear.py stmf.csv NLD DTotal 5 --svg
See also:
External links:
* mpidr.shinyapps.io/stmortality
* Graphs and maps — EUROMOMO, euromomo.eu - mortality monitoring in Europe
* Comparisons of all-cause mortality between European countries and regions: January to June 2020, ons.gov.uk
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in Netherlands, wikipedia.org
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Northern Ireland

Weekly all-cause deaths in Northern Ireland, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 3-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
Weekly all-cause deaths in Northern Ireland for 0-14 year olds, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 7-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause deaths in Northern Ireland in weeks 1-18, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause deaths in Northern Ireland in weeks 40+ the year before and weeks 1-18 of the year, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause death excess percentage in Northern Ireland, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
Above, the minimum over previous last 5 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete.
Script oneliners to update the charts:
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv GBR_NIR DTotal 3
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv GBR_NIR D0_14 7
* plotHmdPerYear.py stmf.csv GBR_NIR DTotal
* plotHmdPerSeason.py stmf.csv GBR_NIR DTotal
* plotHmdExcessDeathPercPerYear.py stmf.csv GBR_NIR DTotal 5
See also:
External links:
* mpidr.shinyapps.io/stmortality
* Graphs and maps — EUROMOMO, euromomo.eu - mortality monitoring in Europe
* Comparisons of all-cause mortality between European countries and regions: January to June 2020, ons.gov.uk
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland, wikipedia.org