OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Instructional design/Color Selection for Message Design/Unit2 Definition

* Color Selection for Message Design
| Introduction Unit 1 High- and Low-Keyed Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 2 Warm and Cool Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 3 Color Combinations Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 4 Psychology of Colors Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Final Exam! Final Exam Summary | Definition of Warm and Cool Colors Before talking about the definitions of warm and cool colors, it is probably a good idea to talk about the concepts of color models and color wheels. BYR color wheel Color Model The picture you see on the right side is the BYR (blue, yellow, and red) color wheel. It is based on the BYR color model which assumes that blue, yellow, and red are the three primary colors. All other colors are created by the combination of the three colors. There are also other color models such as RGB (red, green, blue) but this course will use the BYR color model. Color Wheel In the BYR color wheel, any colors between blue and yellow are made by the combination of blue and yellow. The same principle is applied to the colors displayed between yellow and red, and blue and red. The color wheel shows the amount of the three primary colors each color contains. For example, the two colors next to the yellow are colors which contain the most yellow. On the other hand, the violet at the bottom of the wheel contains no yellow. Warm and Cool Colors Now, the definitions of warm and cool colors are quite simple: Warm colors: Colors from yellow to reddish violet Cool colors: Colors from violet to yellowish green Any lighter versions of such colors also belong to either warm or cool colors. For example, pink is a lighter version of red and thus a warm color. White, black, and gray do not belong to either of warm or cool colors. Examples of Warm Colors Examples of Cool Colors << Unit 1 Scenario Quiz | Effects >> |
# Instructional design/Color Selection for Message Design/Final Exam

* Color Selection for Message Design
| Introduction Unit 1 High- and Low-Keyed Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 2 Warm and Cool Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 3 Color Combinations Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 4 Psychology of Colors Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Final Exam! Final Exam Summary | Final Exam! Congratulations! You have done all the units. Now, using the knowledge learned in Units 1-4, select the pictures that would be most appropriate according to design objectives. Final Exam Answer which picture would be most appropriate for each scenario. Syntax error 1 You are writing an article which advertises the quiet and peaceful atmosphere of a village. ??? 2 You are writing an article about the happy and exciting days of old people. 3 You are writing an article which describes an unhappy working environment of workers. 4 You are writing an article which advertise the romantic atmosphere of a shopping place. 5 You are writing an article introducing the joy and excitement of a festival. << Unit 4 Scenario Quiz | Summary >> |
# Instructional design/Color Selection for Message Design/Unit1 Effects

* Color Selection for Message Design
| Introduction Unit 1 High- and Low-Keyed Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 2 Warm and Cool Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 3 Color Combinations Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 4 Psychology of Colors Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Final Exam! Final Exam Summary | Effects of High- and Low-Keyed Colors In general, high-/low-keyed colors convey following impressions: High-keyed colors: Quiet, peaceful, friendly Low-keyed colors: Cold, sad, serious Examples of the Effects of High-Keyed Colors Quiet The use of high-keyed colors carries the quietness of the area. The quietness made by high-keyed colors tends to create a peaceful atmosphere. Peaceful High-keyed colors are also useful to convey the atmosphere of peacefulness. When you want to show the peacefulness of places, it is a good idea to select photos mainly use high-keyed colors. Friendly High-keyed colors tend to carry a friendly atmosphere. If you want to take a friendly picture, try not only to make a friendly smile but also to take the photo in a light place with background of high-keyed colors. Examples of the Effects of Low-Keyed Colors Cold The grayness and darkness of the photos coney the coldness and possible unhappiness of the people who live in the area. Sad The extensive use of black and gray make the atmosphere of the photos sad. The pictures could be useful to deliver the message of the hardships or loneliness experienced by old people. Serious The picture on the left conveys the severity of the damage to the forest. The right picture shows the seriousness of the attitude or situation of the female. << Definition | Quiz >> |
# Instructional design/Color Selection for Message Design/Unit1 Quiz

* Color Selection for Message Design
| Introduction Unit 1 High- and Low-Keyed Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 2 Warm and Cool Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 3 Color Combinations Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 4 Psychology of Colors Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Final Exam! Final Exam Summary | Quiz about High- and Low-Keyed Colors Now, it's a time for a fun quiz! Check your understanding of high-/low-keyed colors by answering following quiz. Quiz For the following images, identify if the image illustrates high-keyed or low-keyed colors. 1 High-keyed Low-keyed 2 High-keyed Low-keyed 3 High-keyed Low-keyed 4 High-keyed Low-keyed 5 High-keyed Low-keyed << Effects | Scenario Quiz >> |
# Instructional design/Color Selection for Message Design/Unit1 Scenario Quiz

* Color Selection for Message Design
| Introduction Unit 1 High- and Low-Keyed Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 2 Warm and Cool Colors Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 3 Color Combinations Definition Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Unit 4 Psychology of Colors Effects Quiz Scenario Quiz Final Exam! Final Exam Summary | Scenario Quiz about High- and Low-Keyed Colors You're almost done with Unit 1! By answering following scenario quiz, check if you are able to indicate whether high-keyed or low-keyed color is more appropriate according to design objectives. Scenario Quiz Answer whether using high-keyed or low-keyed color is more appropriate for the scenarios. 1 You are writing an article which addresses the tragedy of September 11. High-keyed Low-keyed 2 You are writing an article which addresses a comfortable study place in your university. High-keyed Low-keyed 3 You are writing an article advertising the cordiality of the customer service of your company. High-keyed Low-keyed 4 You are writing a report which talks about the severeness of the damage of Japan's earthquake. High-keyed Low-keyed 5 You are writing an article which introduces a park that creates a relaxing atmosphere and helps people reduce stress. High-keyed Low-keyed << Quiz | Unit 2 >> |
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March
## March

* All Flowers blooming in March (27)
** White flowers (17)
** Pink flowers (10)
** Red flowers (9)
** Orange flowers (5)
** Yellow flowers (22)
** Green flowers (2)
** Blue flowers (5)
** Purple flowers (10)
** Brown flowers (2)
** Black flowers (3)
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/Black Flowers

This page is part of a dichotomous key for plants recorded as blooming in Southeastern Pennsylvania during the month of March. These plants have the following traits:
   * Black flowers
Salix gracilistyla 'Melanostachys'
| Salix gracilistyla, inflorescences Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Salix gracilistyla 'Melanostachys' (Black Pussy-willow) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs SB Johnny-LM 08:55, 22 March 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring
Helleborus x hybridus
| Red flowers (flowers range from whie through purple) Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Helleborus x hybridus (Hybrid Hellebore) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Low herbaceous plantFoliage:Primarily basal, palmately lobed, evergreenFruit:Dry capsulesLife Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Anna reg 18:41, 24 March 2011 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 10:59, 4 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 19:13, 13 April 2008 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 00:24, 17 April 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Mid Winter, Early Spring, Mid Spring
Viola x wittrockiana
| A Purple-flowered variety Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Viola x wittrockiana (Pansy) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Short-lived, low-growing perennial, with mostly cool season bloomsHigher taxa:Viola Recent Logs --Anna reg 12:12, 12 April 2010 (UTC) Anna reg 12:01, 27 March 2011 (UTC) Anna reg 16:35, 2 May 2011 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Mid Summer, Early Fall, Mid Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/Black Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a key.
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Salix gracilistyla 'Melanostachys'
* BCP/Viola
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/Blue Flowers

This page is part of a dichotomous key for plants recorded as blooming in Southeastern Pennsylvania during the month of March. These plants have the following traits:
   * Blue flowers
Muscari armeniacum
| Flowering plants Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Muscari armeniacum (Grape Hyacinth) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs --SB_Johnny | 11:08, 4 April 2008 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 11:08, 4 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 19:12, 13 April 2008 (UTC) --Luai lashire 21:42, 14 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 10:29, 27 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 12:14, 4 May 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Late Spring
Veronica arvensis
| Flowering Plant Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Veronica arvensis (Corn Speedwell) Identifying Characteristics Habit:spreading herbaceous plantLife Cycle: winter annual Recent Logs --SB_Johnny | 12:08, 4 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 11:12, 27 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 11:35, 4 June 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Late Spring
Scilla siberica
| Blue-flowered plants in bloom Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Scilla siberica (Siberian Squill) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs SB Johnny-LM 08:47, 22 March 2008 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 11:31, 4 April 2008 (UTC) --Luai lashire 00:58, 10 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 19:11, 13 April 2008 (UTC) --Luai lashire 22:03, 17 April 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring
Veronica persica
| Flowers and foliage Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Veronica persica (Speedwell) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs SBJ 09:18, 27 March 2008 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 11:37, 4 April 2008 (UTC) Luai lashire 00:58, 10 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 19:10, 13 April 2008 (UTC) --Luai lashire 21:37, 28 April 2008 (UTC) Chemgym 19:25, 14 May 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Late Spring
Viola x wittrockiana
| A Purple-flowered variety Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Viola x wittrockiana (Pansy) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Short-lived, low-growing perennial, with mostly cool season bloomsHigher taxa:Viola Recent Logs --Anna reg 12:12, 12 April 2010 (UTC) Anna reg 12:01, 27 March 2011 (UTC) Anna reg 16:35, 2 May 2011 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Mid Summer, Early Fall, Mid Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/Blue Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Scilla siberica
* BCP/Veronica persica
* BCP/Veronica arvensis
* BCP/Muscari armeniacum
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Viola
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/Brown Flowers

This page is part of a dichotomous key for plants recorded as blooming in Southeastern Pennsylvania during the month of March. These plants have the following traits:
   * Brown flowers
Symplocarpus foetidus
| Spathe Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Symplocarpus foetidus (Eastern Skunk Cabbage) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Colonizing herbaceous plantFlowers:spathe and spadixFoliage:basal, very largeScent:strong unpleasant odor from all partsLife Cycle: perennial Recent Logs Sb f 16:21, 11 February 2009 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Mid Winter, Late Winter, Early Spring, Mid Spring
Viola x wittrockiana
| A Purple-flowered variety Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Viola x wittrockiana (Pansy) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Short-lived, low-growing perennial, with mostly cool season bloomsHigher taxa:Viola Recent Logs --Anna reg 12:12, 12 April 2010 (UTC) Anna reg 12:01, 27 March 2011 (UTC) Anna reg 16:35, 2 May 2011 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Mid Summer, Early Fall, Mid Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Southeastern Pennsylvania/March/All/DPL

This page is used to help create a key.
* BCP/Erythronium americanum
* BCP/Scilla siberica
* BCP/Cardamine hirsuta
* BCP/Alnus rugosa
* BCP/Veronica persica
* BCP/Lamium purpureum
* BCP/Veronica arvensis
* BCP/Jasminum nudiflorum
* BCP/Magnolia stellata
* BCP/Muscari armeniacum
* BCP/Helleborus foetidus
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Forsythia x intermedia
* BCP/Crocus tommasinianus
* BCP/Salix discolor
* BCP/Crocus vernus
* BCP/Taxus baccata
* BCP/Corylus avellana
* BCP/Pieris japonica
* BCP/Magnolia x soulangeana
* BCP/Senecio vulgaris
* BCP/Taraxacum officinale
* BCP/Ficaria verna
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Helleborus niger
* BCP/Galanthus nivalis
* BCP/Corylopsis spicata
* BCP/Stellaria media
* BCP/Hamamelis x intermedia
* BCP/Symplocarpus foetidus
* BCP/Narcissus
* BCP/Cornus mas
* BCP/Acer rubrum
* BCP/Acer saccharum
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Corydalis cheilanthifolia
* BCP/Rhododendron
* BCP/Spiraea thunbergii
* BCP/Erica carnea
* BCP/Cornus officinalis
* BCP/Eranthis hyemalis
* BCP/Mahonia bealei
* BCP/Hamamelis 'Arnold Promise'
* BCP/Hamamelis 'Diane'
* BCP/Hamamelis 'Sunburst'
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Parrotia persica
* BCP/Crocus
* BCP/Acer saccharinum
* BCP/Salix gracilistyla 'Melanostachys'
* BCP/Hamamelis 'Jelena'
* BCP/Salix
* BCP/Prunus
* BCP/Viola
* BCP/Magnolia
* BCP/Corylus avellana 'contorta'
# Logical AND

Welcome! This is a lesson in the Introductory Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science course here at Wikiversity.
Previous lesson: Using truth tables

## Your first dyadic operator!

I apologize for the name of this lesson. The true name of this operator, which is a dyadic operator, is a conjunction. It is a bit dangerous to refer to a conjunction as an AND operator, because English words are far more vague than logic.
* A dyadic operator takes 2 arguments, p and q. It returns a single truth value.
* The conjunction, represented by the symbol $\wedge$, returns the value "true" if and only if both arguments are true.
$\wedge$ : This is the conjunction or AND operator
    Let $p$ represent the statement: It is raining.
       Let $q$ represent the statement: I am hungry.
          $p\wedge q$ represents the conjunction of statements $p$ and $q$: It is raining AND I am hungry.
    Let $p$ represent the false statement: It is raining.
       Let $q$ represent the true statement: I am hungry.
          $p\wedge q$ is false.

## Truth table for conjunction statements

| $p\,\!$ | $q\,\!$ | $p\wedge q$ |
| T | T | T |
| T | F | F |
| F | T | F |
| F | F | F |

## Next lesson

Your next lesson is called Logical OR.
# Logical disjunction

☞ This page belongs to resource collections on Logic and Inquiry.
Logical disjunction, also called logical alternation, is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are false.
The truth table of $p~\operatorname {OR} ~q,$ also written $p\lor q,\!$ appears below:
${\text{Logical Disjunction}}\!$ :
| $p\!$ | $q\!$ | $p\lor q$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |

## Syllabus
### Focal nodes

* Inquiry Live
* Logic Live

### Peer nodes

* Logical Disjunction @ InterSciWiki
* Logical Disjunction @ Subject Wikis
* Logical Disjunction @ Wikiversity
* Logical Disjunction @ Wikiversity Beta
# Logical Framework Approach

"The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is a way of structuring the main elements in a project, highlighting logical linkages between intended inputs, planned activities and expected results."
"Norad has now switched to the related but less rigid approach Results Based Management. The manual in Logical Framework Approach has therefore been replaced by the practical guide Results Management in Norwegian Development Cooperation."
# Logical NNOR

☞ This page belongs to resource collections on Logic and Inquiry.
The logical NNOR (“Neither Nor”) is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both of its operands are false. In other words, it produces a value of false if and only if at least one of its operands is true.
The truth table of $p~\operatorname {NNOR} ~q,$ also written $p\curlywedge q,\!$ appears below:
${\text{Logical NNOR}}\!$ :
| $p\!$ | $q\!$ | $p\curlywedge q\!$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ |

## Syllabus
### Focal nodes

* Inquiry Live
* Logic Live

### Peer nodes

* Logical NNOR @ InterSciWiki
* Logical NNOR @ Subject Wikis
* Logical NNOR @ Wikiversity
* Logical NNOR @ Wikiversity Beta
# Logical OR

Welcome! This is a lesson in the Introductory Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science course here at Wikiversity.
Previous lesson: Logical AND

## The Disjunction

I apologize for the name of this lesson. The true name of this operator, which is a diadic operator, is a disjunction. It is sometimes called the inclusive OR operator, to distinguish it from another operator you'll learn about later. However, it is a bit dangerous to refer to a disjunction as an OR operator, because English words are far more vague than logic.
$\vee$ : This is the disjunction, a.k.a. the (inclusive) OR operator
       Let $p$ represent the statement: It is raining.
       Let $q$ represent the statement: I am hungry.
          $p\vee q$ represents the disjunction of statements $p$ and $q$: It is raining OR I am hungry (OR it is raining AND I am hungry).

## Truth Table for the Disjunction

This is its truth table:
| $p\,\!$ | $q\,\!$ | $p\vee q$ |
| T | T | T |
| T | F | T |
| F | T | T |
| F | F | F |

## Next Lesson

The name of the next lesson is Logical XOR.
# Logical NAND

☞ This page belongs to resource collections on Logic and Inquiry.
The logical NAND is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are true. In other words, it produces a value of true if and only if at least one of its operands is false.
The truth table of $p~\operatorname {NAND} ~q,$ also written $p{\stackrel {\circ }{\curlywedge }}q\!$ or $p\barwedge q,\!$ appears below:
${\text{Logical NAND}}\!$ :
| $p\!$ | $q\!$ | $p{\stackrel {\circ }{\curlywedge }}q\!$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ |
| $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {T}$ | $\operatorname {F}$ |

## Syllabus
### Focal nodes

* Inquiry Live
* Logic Live

### Peer nodes

* Logical NAND @ InterSciWiki
* Logical NAND @ Subject Wikis
* Logical NAND @ Wikiversity
* Logical NAND @ Wikiversity Beta
# Logical XOR

Welcome! This is a lesson in the Introductory Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science course here at Wikiversity.
Previous lesson: Logical OR

## Introducing the Exclusive OR!

$\oplus$ : This is the XOR operator. It is also called the exclusive OR, to distinguish it from the inclusive OR of the previous lesson. Like the inclusive OR, it is a dyadic operator; unlike any other operator, it is true when one and only one input is true.
       Let $p$ represent the statement: It is raining.
       Let $q$ represent the statement: I am hungry.
          $p\oplus q$ represents the exclusive disjunction of statements $p$ and $q$: It is raining OR I am hungry, But not both.

## Truth Table

Its truth table is unique. Here it is!
| $p\,\!$ | $q\,\!$ | $p\oplus q$ |
| T | T | F |
| T | F | T |
| F | T | T |
| F | F | F |

## Why XOR is Special

XOR is used for adding binary numbers, and is the fundamental arithmetic operation used by computers.

## Next Lesson

Your next lesson is called Conditional Operator.
# Logic of relatives

☞ This page belongs to resource collections on Logic and Inquiry.
The logic of relatives, more precisely, the logic of relative terms, is the study of relations as represented in symbolic forms known as rhemes, rhemata, or relative terms. The treatment of relations by way of their corresponding relative terms affords a distinctive perspective on the subject, even though all angles of approach must ultimately converge on the same formal subject matter.
The consideration of relative terms has its roots in antiquity, but it entered a radically new phase of development with the work of Charles Sanders Peirce, beginning with his 1870 paper “Description of a Notation for the Logic of Relatives, Resulting from an Amplification of the Conceptions of Boole's Calculus of Logic”.