OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Filmmaking Basics/3D Storyboard/FrameForge:Teachers corrections

Under construction today

## Messages for students

This school is:
Narrative film production - Wikiversity Film School
This course is:
The basics of narrative filmmaking
This lesson is:
Lesson: 3D Storyboarding
Pages of this Lesson:
Storyboarding using 3D software
Introduction to FrameForge 3D Studio free demo version
Getting started with FrameForge 3D Studio
Quick Exercise - Over-the-shoulder shot - 4 points
Page 1 - Getting started storyboarding "Seduced by the Dark Side!"
Page 2 - A simple example
Page 3 - Building a movie set inside FrameForge
alternative
Page 4 - Creating depth of field inside FrameForge free demo version
Before and After: corrections by instructor
The corrections for Sir Mok
All the completed storyboards by students
The amazing storyboard from Gare Cline
large version
Optional
Example #1 · Example #2 · Other software for storyboards · 3D storyboard creation in DAZ Studio - Croc :
* Corrections
* Student's storyboards
* Pruthvirajg
* Here are the storyboards that he submitted.
* Instructor's storyboards
* Corrections
* Here are suggested corrections by the instructor.
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# Filmmaking Basics/3D Storyboard/FrameForge:Gare Cline

This school is:
Narrative film production - Wikiversity Film School
This course is:
The basics of narrative filmmaking
This lesson is:
Lesson: 3D Storyboarding
Pages of this Lesson:
Storyboarding using 3D software
Introduction to FrameForge 3D Studio free demo version
Getting started with FrameForge 3D Studio
Quick Exercise - Over-the-shoulder shot - 4 points
Page 1 - Getting started storyboarding "Seduced by the Dark Side!"
Page 2 - A simple example
Page 3 - Building a movie set inside FrameForge
alternative
Page 4 - Creating depth of field inside FrameForge free demo version
Before and After: corrections by instructor
The corrections for Sir Mok
All the completed storyboards by students
The amazing storyboard from Gare Cline
large version
Optional
Example #1 · Example #2 · Other software for storyboards · 3D storyboard creation in DAZ Studio - Croc :
* 3D Storyboard by Gare Cline "Seduced by the Dark Side!"
| The Unformatted Movie Script "Seduced by the Dark Side!" EXTERIOR - The local movie theater - NIGHT (1) The Young Person and Old Person stand looking at the movie poster outside the theater. (2) Young Person: "That was a great movie..." (3) Young Person (contined): "but I do not understand one thing." (4) Old Person: "What's that?" (5) Young Person: "How can anyone be seduced by the Dark Side?" (6) The old person thinks for a while. Old Person: "Humm!" (7) Old Person: "What computer do you have at home?" (8) Young Person (eagerly): "A Macintosh!" (9) Old Person: "But what computer does your father use at work?" (10) The young person thinks for a moment. Young Person: "Humm!" (11) Young Person (amazed and excited): "Seduced by the Dark Side!" (12) The Old Person smiles. Old Person: "Ahh!" (13) Old Person and the Young Person walk toward home together. (14) Fade to Black. The End . | Click here to see a larger version. EXTERIOR - The local movie theater - NIGHT (1) The Young Person and Old Person stand looking at the movie poster outside the theater. (2)Young Person: "That was a great movie... "but I do not understand one thing." (3) Old Person: "What's that?" (4) Young Person: "How can anyone be seduced by the Dark Side?" (5) The old person thinks for a while. Old Person: "Humm! What computer do you have at home?" (6) Young Person (eagerly): "A Macintosh!" Old Person: "But what computer does your father use at work?" (7) The young person thinks for a moment. Young Person: "Humm! Seduced by the Dark Side!" (8) The Old Person smiles. Old Person: "Ahh!" (9) Old Person and the Young Person walk toward home together. (10) Fade to Black. The End |
| previous lesson | previous page | next page | lesson intro | next lesson | course menu | Filmmaking |
# Filmmaking Basics/3D Storyboard/FrameForge:Over-the-shoulder shot

Under construction since 2007
This school is:
Narrative film production - Wikiversity Film School
This course is:
The basics of narrative filmmaking
This lesson is:
Lesson: 3D Storyboarding
Pages of this Lesson:
Storyboarding using 3D software
Introduction to FrameForge 3D Studio free demo version
Getting started with FrameForge 3D Studio
Quick Exercise - Over-the-shoulder shot - 4 points
Page 1 - Getting started storyboarding "Seduced by the Dark Side!"
Page 2 - A simple example
Page 3 - Building a movie set inside FrameForge
alternative
Page 4 - Creating depth of field inside FrameForge free demo version
Before and After: corrections by instructor
The corrections for Sir Mok
All the completed storyboards by students
The amazing storyboard from Gare Cline
large version
Optional
Example #1 · Example #2 · Other software for storyboards · 3D storyboard creation in DAZ Studio - Croc :
Getting started with FrameForge 3D Studio
Creating a simple movie set
To do storyboarding with FrameForge 3D Studio, you do not need a movie set.
However, a movie set looks nice and helps you get orientated.
Therefore, here are optional instructions for people who want a movie set. :
1. Create a wall in FrameForge 3D Studio
Room Builder
Using Room Builder, create a single wall which is 10 feet tall (3 meters) and 40 feet long (12 meters).
Drawing this exactly is difficult so use the numerical boxes to set the sizes.
Once you do this, you are finished. Press the Build Rooms button.
Click on the picture to see it full size. :
17
The finished movie set
All done. :
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# English-Chinese/Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care

Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with diabetes.
控制血压和保持适当的足部护理对于糖尿病患者非常重要。
# English-Chinese/Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease, also called coronary heart disease, is a heart disease. Coronary heart disease causes plaque to build up inside the coronary arteries. This causes the coronary arteries to become narrower. An artery is a blood vessel - a tube that carries blood. After the heart supplies blood that is full of oxygen and nutrients, the arteries carry the blood to different parts of the body. The coronary arteries are very important: they supply blood to the heart muscle. So when the coronary arteries become narrower, less blood gets to the heart muscle.
冠状动脉疾病 也 称为 冠心病，是 一种 心脏病。冠心病 引起 斑块 积聚 在 冠状动脉内。这 导致 冠状动脉 变窄。动脉 是 一种 血管 - 一种 携带 血液的 管道。心脏 供应 充满 氧气 和 营养的 血液 之后，动脉 将 血液 带到 身体的 不同 部位。冠状动脉 非常 重要：它们 向 心肌 供血。所以 当 冠状动脉 变窄时，较少的 血液 进入 心肌。
# English-Chinese/Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence

Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence.
冠状动脉脂肪条纹可以在青春期开始形成。
# English-Chinese/Could things get any worse than this?

Could things get any worse than this?
事情 会 变得 更 糟 吗？
# English-Chinese/Coronary circulation

Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle.
冠状动脉循环系统 是 提供血液给心肌的 循环系统。
# English-Chinese/Coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease is the most common cardiovascular disease. Types include chronic angina, sudden angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Common symptoms are chest pain or discomfort, which can spread to the shoulders, arms, back, neck or jaw.
冠心病 是 最常见的 心血管疾病。 类型 包括 慢性心绞痛，突发性心绞痛，心肌梗塞 和 心源性猝死。 常见的 症状 是 胸痛 或 不适，可以 蔓延到 肩膀，手臂，背部，颈部 或 下颌。
# English-Chinese/Contract

A contract is an agreement or promise that the law can enforce. The law will enforce some agreements but not others. For example, if a parent promises to take a child to get ice cream, the law will not enforce that promise as a legal contract.
合同是法律可以强制执行的协议或承诺。法律将执行一些协议，但不执行某些协议。例如，如果父母承诺带孩子去买冰淇淋，法律将不会将该承诺强制作为合法合同。
# English-Chinese/Copies also should be sent to the chairman of the licensing board

Copies also should be sent to the chairman of the licensing board.
副本也应发送给许可委员会主席。
# English-Chinese/Coronary arteries

The coronary arteries are the arteries of the coronary circulation, which transports blood into and out of the cardiac muscle.
冠状动脉是冠状动脉循环系统的动脉，将血液输入和输出心肌。
# English-Chinese/Coronary artery disease is a problem with the blood vessels

Coronary Artery Disease (acronym CAD) is a problem with the blood vessels that deliver blood to the heart muscle.
冠状动脉疾病（首字母缩略词CAD）是将血液输送到心肌的血管的问题。
# Introduction to Persian/Persian pronunciation

Persian language has 6 vowels and 21 consonant. 3 of vowels are long vowels(ā,yè,ve) and other 3 vowels are short vowels(á,è,o). after any vowel is 1 syllable.(e.g: salām=sa lam , iran=ee+rān)
# Introduction to Parkinson's Science/Q Page 60

Why do nerve cells die in Parkinson's disease?

## Summary

   Parkinson’s disease is caused primarily by loss of dopamergic (dopamine producing) nerve cells in a structure of the brain called the substantia nigra. This results in reduced levels of dopamine and inefficient activation of networks of nerve cells that initiate and control movement. These nerve cells die because they become damaged and trigger programmed cell death (apoptosis).

## Analogy

Imagine a party is underway and all the components of the cell are happily dancing to the music. Mitochondria, who are waiters at the party, are handing out ATP energy drinks to keep the guests going. The organiser of the party, DNA, is pleased with how the party is progressing and plays another record. The cellular components continue to dance. Then something goes wrong. Mitochondria start serving drinks spiked with reactive oxidative species and the guests gradually get drunk; they no longer dance in a coordinated way. One group of guests at the party, alpha-synuclein, gather together in big clumps on the dance floor and prevent other guests from moving freely. Eventually DNA becomes intoxicated and plays increasingly erratic music; the guests dance wildly. This behaviour just won’t do! The apoptosis police are called into action and they start to shut down the party; guests are stopped from dancing and are arrested; DNA breaks down and the music fades. The cell dies.

## What is happening in cells?

Dopamergic nerves cells in the substantia nigra consume lots of energy. As a result they require the power plants of the cell, mitochondria, to work hard replacing the lost energy. A by-product of energy production are “oxidative reactive species”, which are highly reactive chemicals that could damage DNA and proteins. Therefore, dopamergic nerve cells are said to be under “oxidative stress” because there are lots of oxidative reactive species in these cells; if anything went wrong they are more susceptible to damage.
All cells have a fail-safe mechanism called “apoptosis” (or programmed cell death), which has evolved to prevent malfunctioning cells from accumulating damage to DNA and proteins that could potentially lead to uncontrolled cell division and other toxic affects. Once damage is detected and apoptosis is triggered, a cascade of events takes place within the cell to cause its self-destruction.
It has been shown in Parkinson’s disease there are two main causes identified so far that increase oxidative stress, damage cells, trigger apoptosis and ultimately results in loss of nerve cells. Inherited mutations or environmental agents that disrupt the function or physical structure of mitochondria can increase oxidative stress. Similarly, accumulation of the protein alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies, a common feature of nerve cells in Parkinson’s, can lead to increased levels of oxidative stress and cellular damage.
# Introduction to Parkinson's Science/Q Page 90

This page is under development

## What is the Braak model?

It would be easier to address the issue of spreading if we knew exactly what the infective agent was! Reading most literature on the subject you might get the impression that the disease is all about a part of the brain called the sbstantia nigra, but, whatever the agency is that is at work, it leaves its footprints all over the place. These take the form of dead and dying neurons containing clumps of a protein called alpha synuclein, better known as Lewy bodies and neurites.
Professor Heiko Braak works at the Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit, Frankfurt am Main, and he had the idea of following the trail of footprints back to its source.
He published the results in 2003/4 and and divided the pathway into a number of sequential stages:-
| STAGE | LOCATION(S) | PD SYMPTOMS |
| I and II | medulla oblongata | pre-symptomatic |
| I and II | pontine tegmentum | pre-symptomatic |
| I and II | olfactory bulb | pre-symptomatic |
| I and II | anterior olfactory nucleus | pre-symptomatic |
| III and IV | substantia nigra | symptomatic |
| III and IV | midbrain | symptomatic |
| III and IV | forebrain | symptomatic |
| V and VI | mature neocortex | advanced stages |
This, coupled with the observation that one of the earliest symptoms of the disease is a reduction in the sense of smell, would appear to imply that the infective agency is inhaled.
Hawkes et al (1997) studied this aspect of the disease and concluded:-
   Olfactory damage in Parkinson's disease is consistent and severe and may provide an important clue to the aetiology of the disease.

## Further Reading

Images for Braak staging:- https://www.google.co.uk/search?num=10&hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1024&bih=512&q=braak+staging&oq=braak&gs_l=img.1.0.0l5j0i5j0i10i24j0i24l3.1814.9604.0.12530.7.6.1.0.0.0.160.607.5j1.6.0...0.0...1ac.1.Ev6nYfHdeWo
# Introduction to Partnership Building

Introduction to Partnership Building provides an in-depth curriculum on how to develop meaningful programmatic and organizational partnerships within the Wikimedia movement and with external partners.
The target audience is Wikimedia volunteers with intermediate-level (ideally at least two years) experience contributing to Wikimedia projects and beginner-level (or no) experience with building partnerships with non-Wikimedia groups and organizations.

## Prerequisites

    2 years experience contributing to Wikimedia projects

## learn.wiki course ID

    wmf_commdev_partnerships
# Introduction to Persian

* Introduction to Persian
* Persian
* Persian , Persian is an Indo-Iranian language.
* The official language of Iran and Tajikistan is Persian. Persian is also one of the official languages of Afghanistan.
* Persian is an Indo-European language, thus related to a.o. English.
* The native name of the Persian language is فارسی (transcribed as Fārsī) (compare with German/Deutsch).
* Topics
* Subject 1: About Persian
* Subject 2: Pronunciation and writing
* Subject 3: Persian dialects
* Subject 4: Persian verbs
| previous lesson | next lesson | Department | Division |
# Introduction to Persian/About Persian

Persian, also known as Farsi and Parsi, is a Western Iranian language, belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian has official status in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. In these places, Persian is commonly referred to as Farsi, Dari, and Tajiki, respectively. Farsi and Dari are both written with the Perso-Arabic alphabet. However, Tajiki is written with the Cyrillic.
# English-Chinese/Fat

Fat is one of the three main types of nutrient. Fats are found in many foods.They are made of macromolecules called lipids. Lipids are based on long-chain fatty acids. Some of these are essential because the body cannot make them.
脂肪 是 营养素的 三种 主要 类型 之一。脂肪 被发现 在 许多 食物中。它们 由 称为 脂质的 大分子 组成。脂质 基于 长链 脂肪酸。其中 一些 是 必不可少的，因为 身体 不能 制造 它们。
# English-Chinese/Festival

A festival is a gathering where people celebrate something. It also means that people in a country are on holiday so that they can celebrate a particular day or group of days. A festival can be a religious festival. A festival may also be music, dance, poetry and film events.
节日是人们庆祝某事的聚会。 这也意味着一个国家的人们在放假，以便他们可以庆祝特定的一天或一组日子。 节日可以是一个宗教节日。 节日也可能是音乐，舞蹈，诗歌和电影活动。
# English-Chinese/Fan

A fan is a tool whose shape is usually long triangle or semicircle is made of feathers, leaves, paper, cloth, etc. people usually wave it lightly in a hand to create a cooling current of air.
一把扇 是 一种 工具，其 形状 通常 是 长三角形 或 半圆形，由 羽毛，树叶，纸，布 等 制成。人们 通常 用 手 轻轻 挥动 以 产生 凉爽的 气流。
# English-Chinese/Fern

Ferns are a family of plants, with about 20,000 species (about 10,000 of them are living). Unlike bryophytes, ferns have xylem and phloem, which make them vascular plants.
蕨类植物 是 植物家族中的 一类，约有 20,000种（其中 约有 10,000种 在生存）。与 苔藓植物 不同，蕨类植物 具有 木质部 和 韧皮部，这 使 它们 成为 维管植物。
# English-Chinese/Federation

A federation is a union of a number of self-governing states or regions, which are joined together under a central government. The central government is not able to do a lot of things that central government in more centralized states can. These things are done by the states (or regions) in a federalized state.
联邦 是 一些 自治州 或 地区的 一个 联盟，由 中央政府 联合 在一起。中央政府 不能 做 更中央集权国家的 中央政府 所能 做的 很多 事情。这些 事情 是 由 联邦政府的 州（或 地区）完成的。
# English-Chinese/Feathers

Feathers are the things which cover birds. They help keep birds warm. Feathers also protect them from injury. In most kinds of birds, feathers help them to fly.
羽毛 是 覆盖 鸟类的 东西。它们 帮助 保持 鸟类 温暖。羽毛 也 保护 它们 免受伤害。在 大多数 鸟类中，羽毛 帮助 它们 飞翔。
# English-Chinese/Fatty liver

Fatty liver is a reversible condition wherein large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells via the process of steatosis (i.e., abnormal retention of lipids within a cell). Despite having multiple causes, fatty liver can be considered a single disease that occurs worldwide in those with excessive alcohol intake and the obese (with or without effects of insulin resistance). The condition is also associated with other diseases that influence fat metabolism. When this process of fat metabolism is disrupted, the fat can accumulate in the liver in excessive amounts, thus resulting in a fatty liver. It is difficult to distinguish alcoholic FLD, which is part of alcoholic liver disease, from nonalcoholic FLD (NAFLD), and both show microvesicular and macrovesicular fatty changes at different stages.
脂肪肝 是 一种 可逆 状态，其中 甘油三酯 脂肪的 大液泡 经由 脂肪变性 过程（即，细胞内 脂质的 异常 滞留）积聚 在 肝细胞中。尽管 有 多种 原因，脂肪肝 可以 被认为 是 全球 范围内 发生的 饮酒过量 和 肥胖（伴随 或 不伴有 胰岛素 抵抗）的 单一 疾病。这 病 也 与 其他 影响 脂肪 代谢的 疾病 有关。当 这种 脂肪 代谢 过程 被破坏 时，脂肪 会 在 肝脏中 过量 堆积，从而 导致 脂肪肝。酒精性FLD 是 酒精性 肝病的 一部分，与 非酒精性FLD（NAFLD）很难 区分，并且 在 不同 阶段 都 表现出 小泡 和 大泡 脂肪 变化。
# English-Chinese/Filtering of the air by nasal hair in the nostrils prevents large particles from entering the lungs

Filtering of the air by nasal hair in the nostrils prevents large particles from entering the lungs.
通过鼻孔中的鼻毛过滤空气可防止大颗粒进入肺部。
# English-Chinese/First letter of the English alphabet

A is the first letter of the English alphabet, indicating a vowel. In musical notation, A is the symbol in musical scale, below B and above G. In binary numbers, A is 01000001.
A 是 英文 字母 的 第一个 字母，表示 一个 元音。 在 乐谱 中，A 是 音阶 中 的 符号，低于 B 和 高于 G。在 二进制 数字 中，A 是 01000001。
# English-Chinese/Faith is a firm idea believing something is real, usually based on revelation

Faith is a firm idea believing something is real, usually based on revelation. Faith is usually part of religion. It is different from the scientific knowledge that can be tested, and faith cannot be tested.
信仰是一种坚定的想法，相信某事物是真实的，通常基于启示。 信仰通常是宗教的一部分。 它与可以测试的科学知识不同，信仰无法测试。
# IB History Review Guide/Causes, Practices and Effects of War
## From the IB History Syllabus

    War was a major feature of the 20th century. In this topic the various types of war should be identified, and the causes, nature, effects and results should be studied. Questions will be set on major themes. Some of these will require knowledge of two regions.
Major Themes
   * Different types of 20th century warfare.
      * Civil, guerilla, limited, revolutionary
      * Total war
   * Origins and Causes of war
      * long-term and short-term causes, failure of diplomacy
      * economic, ideological, political, religious causes
   * Nature of 20th century wars
      * Technological developments, tactics and strategies, air, land, sea
      * The home front, the role of women
      * resistance and revolutionary movements
   * Effects and Results
      * treaties, and wars ending without treaties
      * political repercussions, territorial changes
      * social and cultural effects, changes in the status of women
      * post-war economic problems

## In Depth Look at the Causes World War One "The Great War"

Numerous events triggered the first world war. These events can generally be organised into three important categories: Nationalism, the Alliance system, and problems facing Industrial societies.
This guide will look at two wars in detail: The first and second world war and the Russian revolution and civil war as each of these also help us prepare for the european regional topic, better known as Paper 3.
# IB History Review Guide/Contributors

* Daniel Stevens
* Vlad Marica
    IB History Review Guide ~ Back to Main
# IB History Review Guide/Introduction

The IB History syllabus covers a range of topics, of which no definite study guide can ever compiled unless all of history was written in a single Wiki. However, there are certain areas of the syllabus which can be studied heavily in preparation for the exam- and these guide aims to exploit those areas. This guide focuses heavily on Topics 1 and 3, and a few European regional topics. A later section on how to structure a history essay will be included soon.
Please Note: Any IB Syllabus statements including here are NOT under free license and remain property of the IBO. They are reproduced here for personal study purposes only.
Return to International Baccalaureate
# IBM Cloud

IBM Cloud provides many services including Object Storage Services.

## Started with the IBM Cloud CLI
### Run the installation command

* IBM Cloud Cli, macOS: curl -fsSL https://clis.cloud.ibm.com/install/osx | sh (To verify installed files: pkgutil --files com.ibm.cloud.cli)
* IBM Cloud developers tools, For Mac and Linux™, run the following command: curl -sL https://ibm.biz/idt-installer | bash
* To verify that the CLI and Developer tools were installed successfully, run the help command: ibmcloud dev help
* Log in to IBM Cloud with your IBMid. If you have multiple accounts, you are prompted to select which account to use. If you do not specify a region with the -r flag, you must also select a region.
ibmcloud login, available regions:
    1. au-syd
    2. jp-tok
    3. kr-seo
    4. eu-de
    5. eu-gb
    6. us-south
    7. us-east
If your credentials are rejected, you might be using a federated ID. To log in with a federated ID, use the --sso flag
* To access Cloud Foundry services, you must specify a Cloud Foundry org and space. You can run the following command to interactively identify the org and space:
ibmcloud target --cf
Or, if you know which org and space that the service belongs to, you can use the following command: ibmcloud target -o <value> -s <value>

## Basic commands

* ibmcloud login
* ibmcloud app list
* ibmcloud regions (List regions)
* ibmcloud sl vs host-list (List virtual server instances on your account)
* ibmcloud plugin install cloud-object-storage
** ibmcloud cos list-buckets
** ibmcloud cos create-bucket --bucket BUCKET_NAME [--class CLASS_NAME] [--ibm-service-instance-id ID] [--region REGION]