OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A critique of Is a Signature of Socio-economic Impact written on the Climate?

(Review Paper) Cited in A critique of Is a Signature of Socio-economic Impact written on the Climate?

### Points Made

In 1996, Hingane compared two industrialized cites with two non-industrialized cities. This lead to the conclusion that the more industrialized cities with higher population levels had a higher surface temperature compared to the small non-industrialized towns.

### Methods

In 1996 Hingane used some mean temperature data from Mumbai and Kolkata, which are two of the most industrialized cities in India. He then collected the mean temperature data from Ratnagiri and Sagar Island which are two non industrialized towns. The mean data was collected from the cities and towns meteorological data base. After the data that was collected, they extrapolated this data to get a calculation for a hundred years. He then compared the two industrialized cities with the two non industrialized towns

### Results

When comparing the temperature and meteorological data from two of India’s largest cities, Higane concluded that a direct correlation can be made between population and temperature. As displayed in the graph, as the population in industrialized cities increases, so does the surface temperature.
The decreasing amount of tropical rainfall due to intense deforestation is also shown in this study
Bombay and Calcutta are both highly industrialized and densely populated areas. Both cities had a population of under one million at the beginning of the 20th century, and both cities had grown to 10 million at the time this study was conducted. The industrial activities performed by these two cities such as: Textile, polyfibre, oil refineries, chemicals, fertilizers, thermal power, steel, machine tools, and automobiles, result in the mechanisms that change the temperature of the atmosphere's earth. The temperature of both industrialized cities have shown to have increased.
# A critique of The microbiologist looks at panspermia

(Review Paper) Cited in A critique of The microbiologist looks at panspermia

## Panspermia doesn't account for similar biolog y

If there were organisms here on earth from outer space they would be simple, standout, and have characteristics easily recognizable.

## Methods

A sample was taken of microbial isolates from 41km above the earth's surface. This was done in order to prevent contamination from terrestrial microbial isolates. Each sample was identified independently and all of the sample organisms were common to the earth's soil.

## Results

Since the sample of organisms taken from above the earth's surface were similar to modern ecology found on the earth it can be determined that they did not originate from space. This is because logically we can deduce that the evolutionary path of organisms in space or from other planets would be significantly different from that of the organisms we find in modern times. This disproves the Panspermia hypothesis that organic material continues to come to earth from space. The organisms found 41km above the earth's surface can be found to be from the earth originally, possibly from volcanic output or other organic processes.
# A guide to responsible shopping in the context of Australia

This is a short note, with examples of specific businesses and practices in Australia, about responsible shopping. The criteria of success involve that your money spent shopping allows you to surround yourself with healthier substances and foods, and avoid unhealthy chemicals.

## Shop local

For example, it is better to buy fruit and vegetables grown locally rather then those imported from another country. This could include things like oranges (some of them are imported from US), olive oil (imported from Spain), they often have a local, even if slightly more expensive, alternative.

## Avoid unhealthy chemicals

* Soap, shampoo should not contain excessive amounts of un-natural chemicals. Examples of good options?
* Good option - compostable laundry powder

## Avoid processed food

* Better to cook at home - products cooked at a factory may follow unsafe practices (?)
* The healthiest food rots quickly
* Organic food preferred (?)
# Automotive Technology/Bushings

made from rubber or urethane, these keep parts in place and reduce noise.
# Automotive Technology/Direct Injection

By using higher pressure, you can place the injection directly into the cylinder.
# Automotive Technology/Engine Cylinder Head

Removal may not be needed for valve train service.
Removing cylinder head while hot may cause it to warp. Only heat can cause distortion, not pressure.
Prior to removal: Remove rocker arms, push rods, and cover, if OHV Remove the timing belt, if OHC
Use a spring compressor on the valve springs to release the keepers and valves.
Keep these parts organized, do not lose their place Same goes for intake manifold bolts and exhaust manifold bolts
# Automotive Technology/Brakes/Power Assist Units Diagnosis and Repair

* Diagnose with and without engine running
* Inspect
# Automotive Technology/Charging System Diagnosis and Repair

* Diagnose charging system problems that cause a no charge, a low charge, or an over-charge condition; determine needed repairs.
* Inspect, reinstall and/or replace pulleys, tensioners and drive belts; adjust belts and check alignment.
* Perform charging system voltage output test; determine needed repairs.
* Perform charging system current output test; determine needed repairs.
* Inspect and test generator (alternator) control components including computers/regulators; determine needed repairs.
* Perform charging circuit voltage drop tests; determine needed repairs.
* Inspect, test, repair and/or replace connectors and wires of charging system circuits.
* Remove, inspect, and replace generator (alternator).
# Automotive Technology/Differential Gear

Hunting gear has a indivisible ratio between gears e.g. 4:11
# Automotive Technology/EVAP

Evaporative emissions
# Automotive Technology/Diagnostics

Listen to driver concern and road test the vehicle, every time.

## Vibration, Harshness, and Noise

Always begin at the tires look for uneven wear.

## Transmission Vibration and Noise
### Vibration

Transmission and torque converter are not usual culprits for vibration. Check brakes , bearings, joints first.
When it is the culprit, usually it's an unbalanced/poorly mounted torque converter or faulty output shaft.

### Noise

Should be directly connected to speed and conditions
Any condition with engine running points to the oil pump.
Noises based in a single gears relate to a band or clutch problem.
# AP Physics 1/Solution Manual

* Unit 1: Kinematics
* Lesson 1: Vectors and Scalars
* 1. Drawing out the vectors, we find that they make a 90 degree angle as shown. We draw the parallelogram and its diagonal, and find the answer to be 14.14 km/h northeast.
# AP Psychology/Clinical Psychology

Introduces how psychologists evaluate, study, and treat a range of psychological disorders.

## Objectives and Skills

Topics may include:
* Standards for diagnosing and approaches to explaining psychological disorders
* Neurodevelopmental and schizophrenic spectrum disorders
* Bipolar, depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders
* Dissociative, somatic, and trauma- and stress-related disorders
* Substance abuse, eating disorders, personality disorders, and related conditions
* Historical developments in psychological treatment
* Modern treatment options and methods
# AP Physics 1/Kinematics/Representing Motion Part 3

Educational level: this is a secondary education resource.
In this lesson we will round off our discussion of representing motion by learning one final concept: acceleration. Acceleration is a harder concept than distance, displacement, position, velocity, speed, and time because of the many aspects involved. We will learn about what acceleration is, how to represent it, and even delve into free fall! :
# AP Physics 1/Kinematics/Representing Motion Part 1

* Now that you have a good grasp of vectors and scalars, it is time to dive into understanding and representing motion, which is what Kinematics is all about. In this lesson we learn about the first part in representing motion. We will learn about distance, displacement, and position. Distance is a scalar quantity, whereas displacement is a vector. Let's see what you can do to the following problems with that information.
* Example A
* A rabbit hops 100 meters north to eat a piece of lettuce. It then hops 400 meters east to eat a carrot. What is the rabbit's distance from the starting point, in physics terms?
* Example B
* A rabbit hops 100 meters north to eat a piece of lettuce. It then hops 400 meters east to eat a carrot. What is the rabbit's displacement from the starting point?
* Example C
* Image a number line marked from 0 to 10. A person is at the mark 0. The person walks 7 units, then -5 units, and finally 6 units. What is the person's position?
* Example A
* A rabbit hops 100 meters north to eat a piece of lettuce. It then hops 400 meters east to eat a carrot. What is the rabbit's distance from the starting point, in physics terms?
# AP Physics 1/Kinematics/Representing Motion Part 2

Educational level: this is a secondary education resource.
In this lesson we continue to expand on our ability to represent motion. Today we will learn about velocity, speed, and time. Gaining an intuitive understanding of all of these concepts is essential to furthering your study in physics. Do the examples below, read the content, then solve the problems. :
# AP Physics C : Mechanics

* Welcome
* Welcome to AP Physics C : Mechanics! This course requires a calculus-backed background. For more information regarding prerequisites, and AP Physics, check out the AP Physics page. Following this section is an area outlining the entire course content. Ideally, you should start at the beginning and work your way down; however, you can also jump to sections of particular interest. Happy learning!
* Outline
# AP Psychology/Cognitive Psychology

Introduces the complex nature of how memory, intelligence, and other mental processes impact human behavior.

## Objectives and Skills

Topics may include:
* The cognitive and physiological processes that make up memory
* Forgetting and typical memory errors
* The biological basis of short- and long-term memory
* Creative thinking and problem-solving strategies
* Biases and errors in thinking
* Defining and measuring intelligence
* The processes of learning and using language

## Study Notes

* ↑ College Board: AP Psychology
* ↑ College Board: AP Psychology
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Brown Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Corylus americana
* BCP/Arisaema triphyllum
* BCP/Asarum europaeum
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Symplocarpus foetidus
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Viola
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Blue Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Muscari armeniacum
* BCP/Veronica persica
* BCP/Chionodoxa
* BCP/Vinca sardoa
* BCP/Geranium maculatum
* BCP/Pulmonaria
* BCP/Viola pedata
* BCP/Brunnera macrophylla
* BCP/Geranium
* BCP/Nepeta x faassenii
* BCP/Veronica arvensis
* BCP/Scilla siberica
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Glechoma hederacea
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Lamium
* BCP/Veronica peduncularis
* BCP/Mazus reptans
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Hyacinthus orientalis
* BCP/Houstonia caerulea
* BCP/Viola
* BCP/Ajuga reptans 'valfredda'
* BCP/Brunnera macrophylla 'Variegata'
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Orange Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Epimedium
* BCP/Narcissus
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Rhododendron
* BCP/Tulipa
* BCP/Chaenomeles
* BCP/Viola
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Pink Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Malus
* BCP/Cornus florida
* BCP/Malus domestica
* BCP/Prunus avium
* BCP/Geranium
* BCP/Cornus florida var. 'rubra'
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Geranium maculatum
* BCP/Erigeron philadelphicus
* BCP/Scilla siberica
* BCP/Prunus subhirtella 'Pendula'
* BCP/Chionodoxa
* BCP/Prunus 'Okame'
* BCP/Pulmonaria
* BCP/Prunus persica
* BCP/Epimedium
* BCP/Lonicera x heckrottii
* BCP/Claytonia virginica
* BCP/Magnolia x soulangeana
* BCP/Dicentra spectabilis
* BCP/Syringa vulgaris
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Cercis canadensis
* BCP/Sanguinaria canadensis
* BCP/Aquilegia x hybrida
* BCP/Narcissus
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Viburnum x burkwoodii
* BCP/Rhododendron
* BCP/Erica carnea
* BCP/Tulipa
* BCP/Phlox subulata
* BCP/Lamium
* BCP/Fritillaria meleagris
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Salix
* BCP/Prunus
* BCP/Hyacinthus orientalis
* BCP/Chaenomeles
* BCP/Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea'
* BCP/Viola
* BCP/Fagus grandifolia
* BCP/Fagus sylvatica
* BCP/Magnolia
* BCP/Malus
* BCP/Cornus florida
* BCP/Malus domestica
* BCP/Prunus avium
* BCP/Geranium
* BCP/Cornus florida var. 'rubra'
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Geranium maculatum
* BCP/Erigeron philadelphicus
* BCP/Scilla siberica
* BCP/Prunus subhirtella 'Pendula'
* BCP/Chionodoxa
* BCP/Prunus 'Okame'
* BCP/Pulmonaria
* BCP/Prunus persica
* BCP/Epimedium
* BCP/Lonicera x heckrottii
* BCP/Claytonia virginica
* BCP/Magnolia x soulangeana
* BCP/Dicentra spectabilis
* BCP/Syringa vulgaris
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Cercis canadensis
* BCP/Sanguinaria canadensis
* BCP/Aquilegia x hybrida
* BCP/Narcissus
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Viburnum x burkwoodii
* BCP/Rhododendron
* BCP/Erica carnea
* BCP/Tulipa
* BCP/Phlox subulata
* BCP/Lamium
* BCP/Fritillaria meleagris
* BCP/Muscari
* BCP/Salix
* BCP/Prunus
* BCP/Hyacinthus orientalis
* BCP/Chaenomeles
* BCP/Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea'
* BCP/Viola
* BCP/Fagus grandifolia
* BCP/Fagus sylvatica
* BCP/Magnolia
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Brown Flowers

This page is part of the global dichotomous key for plants recorded as blooming in Mid Spring.
These plants have the following traits:
   * Brown flowers
Arisaema triphyllum
| flower and foliage Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-Pulpit) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs --SB_Johnny | 9 May 2007 (from photographs) --SB_Johnny | 13:13, 26 April 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 11:38, 4 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 09:40, 17 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 09:04, 27 May 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 14:43, 1 June 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Mid Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Iris
| Flower of Iris versicolor Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Iris (Iris) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs Jomegat 22:24, 18 May 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Late Spring, Early Summer
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Mid Spring/Green Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a graphical list.
* BCP/Quercus alba
* BCP/Salix 'Tortuosa'
* BCP/Ulmus parvifolia
* BCP/Buxus
* BCP/Arisaema triphyllum
* BCP/Helleborus x hybridus
* BCP/Helleborus foetidus
* BCP/Acer platanoides
* BCP/Acer negundo
* BCP/Acer palmatum
* BCP/Acer griseum
* BCP/Quercus
* BCP/Salix
* BCP/Salix 'Pendula'
* BCP/Fagus sylvatica
# Bahá'í Faith/Prophecy/Hinduism

Prophecy of the Hinduism

#### For the Sake of Establishing Righteousness

* Bhagavad Gita- fourth discourse Whenever there is decay of righteousness... and there is exaltation of unrighteousness, then I Myself come forth... for the destruction of evil-doers, for the sake of firmly establishing righteousness, I am born from age to age
# Bahá'í Faith/Prophecy/Islam

Prophecy in Islam

#### Succeeding Messengers

* Qur'an 2 (The Cow) And we gave Moses the Book, and after him sent succeeding Messengers: and We gave Jesus...the clear signs... and whensoever there came to you a Messenger with that your souls had not desire for, did you become arrogant, and some cry lies to, and some slay.

#### Fill the Earth with Equity

* Hadith of Abu Dawud The Apostle of Allah said, 'Were there remaining but one day of the duration of all time, God would send forth a man from the people of my house, who will fill the earth with equity as it has been filled with oppression

#### Day of Severance

* Qur'an 77 By those sent forth one after the other... Verily that which ye are promised is about to happen. So when the stars are blotted out, And when the sky is rent asunder... when the Messengers have a time set: For what Day is this being arranged? For the Day of Severance

#### A Sign of the Hour [of Judgment]

* Qur'an 43:61 And [Jesus] shall be a Sign of the Hour [of Judgment]; therefore have no doubt about it, but follow Me: this is a straight way

#### Bring Succor to Humanity

* Nahjul Balagha, Khutba 141, 187 The Imam who will create a world state will make the ruling nations pay for their crimes against society. He will bring succor to humanity. He will take out the hidden wealth from the breast of the earth and will distribute it equitably amongst the needy deserving. He will teach you simple living and high thinking. He will make you understand that virtue is a state of character which is always a mean between the two extremes, and which is based upon equity and justice. He will revive the teaching of the Holy Qur'an and the traditions of the Holy Prophet after the world has ignored them as dead letters.... He will protect and defend himself with resources of science and supreme knowledge. His control over these resources will be complete. He will know how supreme they are and how carefully they will have to be used. His mind will be free from desires of bringing harm and injury to humanity. Such a knowledge to him will be like the property which was wrongly possessed by others and for which he was waiting for the permission to repossess and use. He, in the beginning, will be like a poor stranger unknown and uncared for, and Islam then will be in the hopeless and helpless plight of an exhausted camel who has laid down its head and is wagging its tail. With such a start he will establish an empire of God in this world. He will be the final demonstration and proof of God's merciful wish to acquaint man with the right ways of life.
# Bahá'í Faith/Prophecy/Zoroastrianism

Prophecy of Zoroastrianism

#### Time and Lineage

* Dinkird When a thousand two hundred and some years have passed from the inception of the religion of the Arabian and the overthrow of the kingdom of Iran and the degradation of the followers of My religion, a descendant of the Iranian kings will be raised up as a Prophet
< please note that this passage has not yet been verified. It is found in John Ferraby's book "All Things Made New" who may have gotten it from H Balyuzi. >

#### World-Renovator

* Avesta, Farvardin Yast 13.129 He shall be the victorious Benefactor (Saoshyant) by name and World-renovator [Astavat-ereta] by name. He is Benefactor because he will benefit the entire physical world; he is World-renovator because he will establish the physical living existence indestructible. He will oppose the evil of the progeny of the biped and withstand the enmity produced by the faithful
# Bahá'í Faith/Spouse Selection
## Signs for Selecting a Spouse for a Successful Marriage Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Understands and Values Love, Marriage, Family Life and Children
* Maturity
* Attraction, Love and Unity
* Character
* Consultation
* Chastity
* Appendix Baha'i Writings
* References and Resources

## Authors
### Rodney H. Clarken

I began writing this piece in the fall of 2003 after meditating on what was the best service I could do for humanity. In my travels in many different countries I had encountered numerous unhappy marriages and many young people hoping to marry who did not know what to look for in a potential spouse and did not have much guidance on what it took to make a good marriage. I felt if I could help people have happier and healthier marriages, it would have positive repercussions on many lives.
Though my formal training is not in the topic I am writing on here, I have tried to use my skills in education, research and scholarship to bring some understanding to the topic. The research on finding a spouse or selecting a person with whom one would be compatible is growing, along with the business of online matching, but there is still little solid evidence to support one system over another. My approach was to synthesize and categorize the guidance from the Baha'i writings on the topic and then try to bring in what external sources might illuminate these points.
I hope this work may be an assistance to humanity and the many souls seeking a spouse for a successful marriage.
# Bahá'í Faith/Prophecy/New Testament

Prophecy of the New Testament

#### Coming on Clouds

* Matthew 24:29-31 Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of heaven will be shaken; then will appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory; and he will send out his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other

#### Another Comforter

* John 14 If ye love me, keep my commandments. And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter... he shall teach you all things

#### A New Name

* Revelations 3 Him that overcometh... I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the... new Jerusalem... and I will write upon him my new name
# BCP/Securigera varia

Securigera varia
| Inflorescence Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Securigera varia (Crown Vetch) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Spreading semi-herbaceous plantFlowers:Small, pea-like flowers on a crown-like headFoliage:Pinnately compoundStem:Thin, wire-likeLife Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Jomegat 19:14, 29 May 2010 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Summer, Mid Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Mid Fall, Late Fall
Regional data: Southeastern Pennsylvania: (invasive or naturalized) June, July, August, September, October, November New Hampshire: May, June, July, August , September, October Central Pennsylvania: August , October
Additional images: