# Evaluating Journalism Standards/Minimizing Harm from Journalism

Responsible journalists take several steps to minimize harm that may result from their journalism:
* Consider Potential Consequences: Before publishing a story, responsible journalists carefully consider the potential consequences of their reporting on individuals, communities, and society as a whole. They weigh the public interest value of the story against the potential harm it may cause and exercise discretion and judgment in their decision-making.
* Protect Vulnerable Sources: Journalists take steps to protect the safety, privacy, and well-being of vulnerable sources, such as whistleblowers, confidential informants, and individuals at risk of harm. They may use pseudonyms, withhold identifying information, or employ other measures to shield sources from retaliation or reprisal.
* Exercise Sensitivity and Discretion: Responsible journalists exercise sensitivity and discretion when reporting on sensitive or traumatic subjects, such as crime, violence, or personal tragedy. They avoid unnecessary sensationalism, graphic details, or invasive reporting techniques that could cause undue harm or distress to individuals affected by the story.
* Respect Privacy and Dignity: Journalists respect the privacy and dignity of individuals involved in their reporting, especially when reporting on personal or private matters. They seek informed consent before interviewing or photographing individuals, respect requests for privacy, and refrain from intruding into private spaces without justification.
* Avoid Stereotypes and Stigmatization: Responsible journalists avoid perpetuating stereotypes, stigmatizing language, or harmful representations of individuals or communities in their reporting. They strive to portray diverse perspectives and experiences with nuance, accuracy, and empathy, avoiding language or imagery that may contribute to prejudice or discrimination.
* Provide Support Resources: When reporting on sensitive topics or issues that may affect readers emotionally, responsible journalists provide support resources or referrals to mental health services, helplines, or advocacy organizations. They recognize the potential impact of their reporting on readers' emotional well-being and offer resources for those who may need support.
* Consider Audience Sensitivity: Journalists consider the sensitivity and vulnerability of their audience when reporting on certain topics, especially those involving violence, trauma, or graphic content. They provide warnings or trigger alerts when necessary and exercise caution in the presentation of sensitive material to minimize harm to vulnerable audience members.
* Engage in Ethical Review: Some news organizations establish ethical review processes or consult with ethics committees to evaluate the potential impact of sensitive or controversial stories on individuals and communities. They seek input from diverse perspectives, including affected parties and experts, to assess the ethical implications of their reporting and minimize harm.
By taking these steps, responsible journalists demonstrate a commitment to ethical conduct, integrity, and social responsibility in their reporting, minimizing harm and upholding the public trust.