OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Types of Payments/Activities

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Activity

You are the exporter and have just shipped an order with a letter of credit. Using the following scenarios, determine when you will receive your funds and which bank will send them to you:

### Scenario A

Invoice Date: January 15, 2007 Shipping Date: January 22, 2007 Type of LC: 60 Days after Invoice Date

### Scenario B

Invoice Date: January 15, 2007 Shipping Date: January 22, 2007 Type of LC: 60 Days after Transport Date

### Scenario C

Invoice Date: February 12, 2007 Shipping Date: February 12, 2007
Type of LC: at Sight

### Scenario D

Invoice Date: March 19, 2007
Shipping Date: March 24, 2007
Type of LC: 90 days after negotiation by the Confirming Bank

### Scenario E

Invoice Date: March 19, 2007
Shipping Date: March 24, 2007
Type of LC: 90 days after negotiation by the Issuing Bank
# Types of Payments

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Unit 4.6-Types of Payments

Documentary credits and/or letters of credit are banking tools used to alleviate various levels of risk related to international business transactions. In addition to the many forms of credit-- including but not limited to irrevocable, confirmed, transferable, revolving, and standby--with each credit instrument the timing for payment must be identified. These include sight, deferred payment, acceptance and negotiation. In addition there is also much flexibility for a buyer and seller to negotiate the terms for payment. To understand this process, an international manager must be comfortable with the terminology and definitions of the parties and actions associated with this banking instrument, including but not limited to terms such as: applicant, beneficiary, issuing bank, advising bank, discrepancy and amendment.

### Unit Objective

The goal of this material is to introduce you to the types of payment opportunities for international business transactions and the ways each affects the timely payment for the sale of goods and/or services, including an understanding of how and when each type of payment is utilized with the methods of payment available for international transactions. By the end of this unit you will be able to
* identify the types of payments available for international transactions.
* identify how each type of payment can be used.
* identify how each type of payment affects the collections of funds.

### Unit Outline

* Introduction
* Types of Payments
* Negotiation
* Summary
* Resources
* Activities
* Assessment
Correlation: Materials from this unit correlate with NASBITE CGCP's Knowledge Statement 04/04/06: Knowledge of types of payment (e.g., sight, deferred, acceptance)
# Types of Payments/Summary

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Summary

Having completed this lesson, you should now understand the types of payments available for use in international transactions. Once agreed upon, the type of payment should be clearly stated to the customer to avoid confusion as most of the payment types work with many of the methods of payment. Clarifying this before the transaction is completed will allow for timely payment and may help both the buyer and seller avoid unnecessary banking costs.
# Types of Payments/Assessment

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |
# Types of Payments/Resources

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Resources

Exporting from Start to Finance, Third Edition, L. Wells and K. Dulat. The Global Entrepreneur, James Foley, 2nd Edition, Jamric Press, 2004. International Chamber of Commerce – www.iccwbo.org
ICC Resources – www.iccbooksusa.com
# Types of Payments/Negotiation

| Unit 4.6-Types of Payments | Introduction | Types | Negotiation | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Negotiation

In regard to letters of credit, when the documents are presented and reviewed by the bank, the process is referred to as negotiation of the documents. In accordance with UCP 600, a bank authorized to negotiate documents/drafts is authorized to give value for draft (s) and/or document(s), which means the letter of credit can stipulate that payment be made by the advising, issuing or confirming bank. For the purposes of the UCP, the interpretation is either “making immediate payment” or “undertaking an obligation to make payment” (on the due date).
# Lunar Boom Town/Retirement community

Retiring? Why not retire to the moon!
* Less gravity to hold you down
* Spectacular Night Sky and Earth out your window
* Low gravity Frisbee
* Easy Access to Space Tourism Destinations
Low gravity retiree communities may be mandatory for career space workers. The loss of bone and muscle mass may be irreversable and render them unable to function in full Earth gravity.
For those retiring from Earth, current testing has shown that the old and the young can withstand much higher acceleration forces than previously thought (see The Economist,Jan 2008,"Suited for Space"). In January, 2008, a man of 88 and a woman of 77 passed the "dynamically positioned gondola" test at the National Aerospace Training and Research Centre (NASTAR) in Southampton, Pennsylvania.
# Lunar Boom Town/Spacesuit Maintenance Repair & Enhancement

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacesuits
It seems like samples of every old spacesuit w:Spacesuits ever manufactured by Terran space programs has made it to Boomtown.
Business practice challenges:
What hourly shop rate should we be charging on these old suits to keep them functional?
When should we recommend to their owners they purchase new suits?
Should we be working on older suits at all considering the legal liabilities?
# Lunar Boom Town/Terraform Station

Jinormic atmospheric generators around the planet would put an earthlike atmosphere around man parts of the moon. Terraform Station controls all of these atmospheric generators. Ecological engineers select hardy plants to and probiotic bacterias, mosses and lichen to be selectively distributed to appropriate locations around the planet.
Robotic sentinals controlled from the Station create piping under the ground to move water around the moon.
# Lunar Boom Town/Outfitter Services and Supplies

Background: The moon is a very hostile place where people must immediately be working productively to survive economically. The Outfitter specializes in providing supplies and services that individual homesteads, coops and even industrial facilities need to establish a viable environment in which to live, work, and play.
Available services:
* Available underground volume listings
* Installation and hookup of air and water services
* Equipment delivery and installation
* Telemetry monitoring and alerting
* Lunar rover listings, new and used
* Spacesuit listing, new and used
Available equipment:
* Air handlers and lines
* Water handlers and lines
* Power lines and supplies
* Gas lines and fittings (hydrogen, methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide, chlorine, flourine, etc)
* Flow meters, safety moniters, instrumentation, etc.
* Radio transceivers and antennas
* Telemetry monitoring equipment
* Spacesuit supplies, tools
* Lunar rover supplies, tools, options
* Feul cells
* Methane digesters
Operations Requirements:
* Warehouse
* Showroom Floor
* Employment/Contracts with Qualified Installation and Service Technicians
* Experienced Sales Consultants for Home and Industry Improvement projects.
* Inventory adequate for emergency requirements
* Stable supply and transport chain for routine requirements
# Lunar Boom Town/Rover Outback Racing
## Possibly Applicable Information Resources

Presention of a phased Terran/Lunar rover racing proposal
# Lunar Boom Town/Observatory
## Venture concept

Own and operate astronomical observatory assets on the moon. Sell data and services to scientists, scientific organizations and governments.

## Background reading

* Mission Design for Setting up an Optical Telescope on the Moon by Yuki D. Takahashi
* (June 2008) NASA Scientists Pioneer Method for Making Giant Lunar Telescopes
# Lunar Boom Town/Remote Rover Operation

Will these partially free engineering efforts produce architectures, interface control documents, and/or components of potential use in prototyping lunar rovers?
    https://www.192.168.10.1/
       http://www.theoscarproject.org/
       http://www.osgv.org/
       http://www.engineerlive.com/european-design-engineer/18894/applying-opensource-principles.thtml
Mars mobile projects:
* Mars Mobile Laboratory
* Manipulation arm for Mars Mobile Laboratory
* http://marsrover.engin.umich.edu/index.html An ongoing college based tem leading Michigan's efforts to help design a Mars Rover for the Mars Society.
Generic Rover Mission Analysis and Design
# Lunar Boom Town/Satellite and Computer Wreckers

Some information on satellite salvage at google

## Market Needs

Mass is expensive to lift out of the gravity well of Earth and some sophisticated components will not be manufactured on the moon in economical scales initially as the Lunar economy starts small and ramps up. Scrap in orbit is dangerous to other spacecraft and equipment. It acts as a meteor shower or meteor if it impacts another man made object. Salvaging components from satellites can thus fill several needs by delivering cheap recycled components to the Lunar industrial cycle while simultaneously gaining for the owners of the satellites either small salvage fees or cheap scrap removal or both.
It is merely a matter of working out the economics, the business plan, and finding or being the proper entrepreneur to get the job done at a profit.
# Lunar Boom Town/Team Building
## First Steps

Begin participating by adding your ideas and comments to existing project proposals or creating new sections dedicated to your ideas.
As you interact be alert for others with similar interests.
Establish dialogues.
Helping others with their challenges can be a very fruitful way to initate interaction.
For family members who do not understand why large amounts of time playing around at Lunar Boom Town activities consider helping with an orientation course. b:Parent Education Course Writer's Guide
# Motivation and emotion/Readings/Textbooks/Reeve/2018/ToC
## Table of contents

* Chapter 01: Introduction
* Chapter 02: Motivation in Historical Perspective
* Chapter 03: The Motivated and Emotional Brain
* Chapter 04: Physiological Needs
* Chapter 05: Extrinsic Motivation and Internalization
* Chapter 06: Psychological Needs
* Chapter 07: Implicit Motives
* Chapter 08: Goal Setting and Goal Striving
* Chapter 09: Mindsets
* Chapter 10: Personal Control Beliefs
* Chapter 11: The Self and Its Strivings
* Chapter 12: Nature of Emotion: Six Perennial Questions
* Chapter 13: Aspects of Emotion
* Chapter 14: Individual Emotions
* Chapter 15: Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology
* Chapter 16: Unconscious Motivation
* Chapter 17: Interventions
# Motivation and emotion/Recent activity

An automatically generated list of recently changed pages in Category:Motivation and emotion:
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2022/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2023/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2024/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2020/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2015/Grief and health
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2021/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2016/Dyslexia and negative emotions
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2015/Group sport motivation/Quiz
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2018/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Book/2017/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Nuggets of truth/Banner
* Motivation and emotion/Nuggets of truth
# Acknowledgements

Thanks to the primary authors - an intrepid group of 70 or so third year undergraduate psychology students in the Motivation and Emotion unit (2010) at the University of Canberra (UC) who each wrote a textbook chapter. Doing so contributed 50% of grade for the unit. We were also priveleged to have the participation of John Schmidt, a long-term Wikiversity contributor, who contributed an impressive chapter about Hunger.
Thanks to a key advisor and champion of this project, Leigh Blackall. Thanks also to Danny Munnerley, Matt Bacon, and Leonard Low from the UC Teaching and Learning Centre for support for the $5000 Blended Learning Hothouse Grant (although not a cent was spent and the money was returned to UC).
Thanks to the Wikimedia Foundation for hosting Wikiversity, a free and open educational wiki which has provided the hosting and editing platform for developing the book. Wikiversity was also used to support the teaching of the Motivation and emotion (7124-6665) unit at the University of Canberra (including lecture and tutorial notes and assessment tasks).
Thanks to PediaPress, and particularly Volker Hass, for helpful advice about developing the printable version.
# Motivation and emotion/Readings/Textbooks/Reeve

Reeve, J. (2018). Understanding motivation and emotion (7th ed.). Wiley. The School Locker. Google Books. Instructor companion site. UC Library. ISBN: Paperback 978-1-119-36760-4, E-text 978-1-119-36765-9. E-Book.
Reeve, J. (2015). Understanding motivation and emotion (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Coop. Amazon. Google Books. Companion site. UC Library. ISBN: Paperback 978-1-118-51779-6, E-text 978-1-118-80456-8.
Reeve, J. (2009). Understanding motivation and emotion (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Amazon. Kindle. Google Books.
# Motivation and emotion/Readings/Textbooks/Reeve/2009

Reeve, J. (2009). Understanding motivation and emotion (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Amazon. Kindle. Google Books. Instructor companion site<noinclude>. ISBN 0470392231, 9780470392232

## Table of contents

* Chapter 1: Introduction
* Chapter 2: Motivation in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
* Chapter 3: The Motivated and Emotional Brain
* Chapter 4: Physiological Needs
* Chapter 5: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations
* Chapter 6: Psychological Needs
* Chapter 7: Social Needs
* Chapter 8: Goal Setting and Goal Striving
* Chapter 9: Personal Control Beliefs
* Chapter 10: The Self and Its Strivings
* Chapter 11: Nature of Emotion: Five Perennial Questions
* Chapter 12: Aspects of Emotion
* Chapter 13: Personality Characteristics
* Chapter 14: Unconscious Motivation
* Chapter 15: Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology
* Chapter 16: Conclusion
# Motivation and emotion/Textbook

Motivation and emotion (2010)
Table of contents

## Front matter

* Front cover - Jtneill
* Acknowledgements - Jtneill
* Preface - Jtneill

## Introduction

* What is motivation? - Jtneill
* What is emotion? - Jtneill
* Relationship between motivation and emotion - Jtneill

## Motivation

* Biological motives (needs)
** Hunger motivation - JWSchmidt
** Sexual motivation - Dos
*** Adultery - S.emp
*** Alcohol consumption and sexual motivation - Ra.shell
*** Gender differences in sexual motivation - Jasmine13
*** Mate-seeking behaviour - Klammer
*** Promiscuity motivation - Lmckenz
*** Sex offenders - Emmarie
* Mini-theories
** Arousal - E.herbert
** Flow theory - KmpH
** Learned helplessness - Jack Straw
* Motivation and behaviour
** Dieting - Christie88
** Exercise motivation - Haddo
** Gambling - Matt.long
** Motivation and goal setting - MissadventureX
** Overeating motivation - Madeline
** Procrastination - Sallybradford
** Risk-taking - AlEdwardson
** Social inhibition - Harro242
** Violence - Spartan117
* Motivation and cognition
** Positive thinking - Rachelle21
* Motivation and culture
** Indigenous Australians and motivation - Mish795
* Motivation and education
** Motivation and education - User:U3005872
** Student motivation theories - U118827
* Motivation and psychological disorders
** Anxiety - Hamish24
** Antisocial personality disorder - AriWright
** Dementia and motivation - Skye.marie
** Depression and motivation - Megan O'Connell
** Narcissism - Aszokalski
** Narcissism - A Hock
** Paraphilias - CEB
* Neurobiology of motivation
** Motivational toxicity - Mylie
* Motivation and self
** Self-concept - Boubles
** Self-discipline - Mike.j
** Self-sabotage motivation - Bails
* Personality and motivation - George902
* Types of motivation
** Achievement motivation - Gabrielleblair
*** Aggression in the workplace - Salbo
** Self-actualisation - Dan.th.man
** Spiritual - Dchimself
* Unconscious motivation - Katrina3027900

## Emotion

* Aspects of emotion
** Emotional expression - Shannonnld
** Emotion management - Jmcb
** Emotional stability/instability - Clinton.mcculloch
* Basic/Core emotions
** Ekman's basic emotions - MichelleK
* Emotion and behaviour
** Facial expression - Tink22
* Emotion and psychological disorders
** Antisocial personality disorder - Emma22
** Psychopathy - Lisa Watson
* Emotion and specific groups
** Adolescence - Stephmartin
* Emotion and specific topics
** Culture - FilL
** Sport - Lozh
** Music - Rotorhead15
** Sex - Nikki24
** Sleep - Storm
** Emotional development in children - WMLee
* Mood - LBGibbons
* Specific emotions
** Neurobiology of aggression - u3006008
** Anxiety - Gajah
** Empathy - JennyJ
** Happiness - SandyC
* Stress, arousal and coping - Barbie
* Stress and health - C.aitken
* Cognitive theories of emotion - U3017048

## Motivation & emotion

* Motivation and emotion in animals - Mixie

## Summary

* Summary and conclusion - Jtneill
* Feedback
# Motivation and emotion/Textbook/Banner

Motivation and emotion (2010)
# Motivation and emotion/Readings/Textbooks/Reeve/2015

Reeve, J. (2015). Understanding motivation and emotion (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Coop. Amazon. Google Books. Companion site. UC Library. ISBN: Paperback 978-1-118-51779-6, E-text 978-1-118-80456-8.

## Table of contents

* Chapter 01: Introduction
* Chapter 02: Motivation in Historical Perspective
* Chapter 03: The Motivated and Emotional Brain
* Chapter 04: Physiological Needs
* Chapter 05: Extrinsic Motivation
* Chapter 06: Psychological Needs
* Chapter 07: Implicit Motives
* Chapter 08: Goal Setting and Goal Striving
* Chapter 09: Mindsets
* Chapter 10: Personal Control Beliefs
* Chapter 11: The Self and Its Strivings
* Chapter 12: Nature of Emotion: Six Perennial Questions
* Chapter 13: Aspects of Emotion
* Chapter 14: Individual Emotions
* Chapter 15: Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology
* Chapter 16: Unconscious Motivation
* Chapter 17: Interventions
# Motivation and emotion/Readings/Textbooks/Reeve/2018

Reeve, J. (2018). Understanding motivation and emotion (7th ed.). Wiley. The School Locker. Google Books. Instructor companion site. UC Library. ISBN: Paperback 978-1-119-36760-4, E-text 978-1-119-36765-9. E-Book.

## Table of contents

* Chapter 01: Introduction
* Chapter 02: Motivation in Historical Perspective
* Chapter 03: The Motivated and Emotional Brain
* Chapter 04: Physiological Needs
* Chapter 05: Extrinsic Motivation and Internalization
* Chapter 06: Psychological Needs
* Chapter 07: Implicit Motives
* Chapter 08: Goal Setting and Goal Striving
* Chapter 09: Mindsets
* Chapter 10: Personal Control Beliefs
* Chapter 11: The Self and Its Strivings
* Chapter 12: Nature of Emotion: Six Perennial Questions
* Chapter 13: Aspects of Emotion
* Chapter 14: Individual Emotions
* Chapter 15: Growth Motivation and Positive Psychology
* Chapter 16: Unconscious Motivation
* Chapter 17: Interventions
# Social business
## What is Social Business?

Solving a social problem and at the same time having a financially sustainable business.
See more: Wikipedia: Social business
What’s more:
* Learning business is about 1) training; 2) learning-on-the-job/coaching/internships 3)start-up finance;
* Learning by doing: just start and try-out! Inspiration? See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1h6RsLxro9s
* 1 out of 10 business ideas succeeds;
* It’s not a bad thing to fail or make mistakes: you’ll learn from it & do it better next time;
* Market research is essential for successful business:
* How to evaluate a cost price?

## How to set up a social business?

How to make a business plan? Social Business Canvas Model: http://www.drodesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Social-Enterprise-Canvas.png
How to start a business :

## Index

* Examples from the community
* Social business examples
* start-up finance