# Maritime Health Science Research Education

Spanish version

## Introduction

Diplomas 1-3, Education in Research methodology and Scientific Work in Occupational Health are intended for anyone, not only doctors but all health professionals and students who wish to develop research in occupational health or other specialties in medicine as a limited curriculum or as your thesis. On the one hand they learn to use the new scientific evidence for treatment and prevention among patients and populations. On the other side they learn to produce new scientific knowledge for the best treatment and prevention. The objective is to implement prevention and treatment based on scientific evidence, creating new knowledge and using existing scientific knowledge.

## Objectives in general

A primary objective is to assess the patient's historical and actual hazardous exposures in the workplace and relate it to the patient's disease history, therefore, the specialty contains an individual-oriented clinical component with an emphasis on secondary and tertiary prevention and a component-oriented to the business community and the environment with an emphasis on primary prevention. In any case, exposure, etiological evaluation and prevention play a central role. An important basis for preventive activities is found in epidemiological research, which is highly prioritized in the specialty. Occupational medical practice includes clinical evaluation of the patient, exposure and etiological evaluation, research and development, as well as teaching and other types of dissemination of scientific knowledge.

## Scientific research

Regular research education offerings is also lacking in other medical specialties and among other university faculties. This program attempts to remedy this with detailed plans for how research training can be implemented. In European and North American universities, a model has been implemented with the implication that professors are obliged to teach, conduct scientific research, and publish international articles. The intention is to strengthen evidence-based health practice in occupational medicine through interdisciplinary intervention, with collaborative research, education and information activities. Monitoring of occupational diseases. As part of this there is no general description of the most common occupational medical diagnoses, which is necessary to guide prevention. There is a need for a continuous record of the types of patients from which industrial industries and diagnostics come to departments. Suggestions on how this can be done are in the "Research Paper".

## Specific objectives

The specific objectives are to help the development in the education of all professionals in occupational health. With a preventive approach based on scientific evidence in clinical, teaching and research activities. The way this program is built could also be a model for another specialty in medicine with regard to the integration of evidence-based medicine, teaching research, establishing the competencies of each specialty, and scientific development. In addition to including the definitions and guidelines of the World Health Organization, WHO, for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in daily clinical work. Many of the 17 WHO Sustainable Development Goals represent together with the ILO research needs in occupational health as a background to achieve the goals, for example: goal 2 Food security and nutrition and sustainable agriculture goal 5 gender equality and empowerment of all women and girls, goal 8 Employment, decent work for all and social protection and other goals is open to collaboration with other countries. By introducing these methods, students and postgraduates will be educated to work scientifically in all clinical and population-based work areas. This program will meet the requirements of the international and European part and this if we implement this program, it will tell us that we can obtain the approval of the international part. They will be educated on how to start their own research project, ideally for their thesis as a scientific paper presented as a scientific article.

## Definitions

Occupational safety and health is a multidisciplinary field related to the safety, health and well-being of people at work. Occupational medicine is part of occupational health that deals with the maintenance of health in the workplace, including the prevention and treatment of illness and injury. It is the most active branch of clinical medicine in the field of occupational health and safety. Residency is a stage of graduate medical training. A resident is a physician who practices medicine in a clinic under the supervision of a treating physician. Occupational medicine is the most active branch of clinical medicine in the prevention of occupational health and safety, because it has contact with various specialists, technicians and health professionals.

## Learning methods

The problem-based learning method will be used. The goal is to improve critical appraisal, literature retrieval skills, evidence-based medicine, and encourage continuous learning in a team setting. It focuses on the reflection and reasoning of the student to build their own learning. Each student assumes a role within the group that can be formal or informal and the role often rotates. The role of the tutor is to facilitate learning by supporting, guiding and monitoring the learning process. Methodological things often have to be explained, but a lot also needs to be understood when setting tasks. For example, to investigate what professions there are serious shoulder disorders. This method is considered ideal for the purpose where the goal is not to learn to remember, but to strengthen research and evidence-based occupational health practices. The courses can be attended remotely, except for some days with compulsory attendance at the beginning, the middle and the end of the courses. In this way, teaching is inclusive, allowing students who live outside the capital to participate on equal terms with those in the city.

## Time consumption

The most precise theory and research program is integrated into the entire education program. As a starting point, the idea is to use 6 hours per week, approximately 300 hours.

## Continuing education

Continuing education is a central theme for all health professionals consisting of all kinds of preventive health practices, lectures, education, and scientific articles. To remember one of the prayers in the Hippocratic Oaths: "I will recognize the limits of my knowledge and pursue lifelong learning to better care for the sick and prevent disease."

## Ethical requirements

Ethical standards for database research in Panama and for the University of Panama are met. Research in occupational medicine often does not include sensitive personal information, so the approval of the Ethics Committee should not be necessary, when you have informed consent in the questionnaires.

## Informed consent

Participants will be explained the purpose and details of the study by confirming consent from the beginning of the questionnaire prior to initiation. All participant information will be confidential and will only be used for scientific purposes.

## The Skills Acquired

The objectives in the theoretical part are to acquire the 2 competences:

##### 1 Theoretical competence for evidence-based medicine

Learn to find and use health and prevention knowledge for the benefit of the patient and the population. They will learn to use the tools to work based on evidence, search, interpret and transmit research results: analyze, understand and communicate knowledge to others (Modules 1-20 to see below)

##### 2 Competence in doing scientific research

As part of the education, an occupational medical research project must be completed. The project can be based on data already collected from clinicians, which are suitable for testing certain hypotheses. Under competent supervision, residents do an analysis of the contexts in the data to test the stated hypothesis. The academic level corresponds to the requirements of peer-reviewed scientific journals. This can be done as a group job or as a single job (Tasks 1-14)
Research Competencies include:
* Put a question (s) of the investigation
* Drafting a research protocol
* Data collection and analysis
* Writing a scientific article (IMRAD)
* Publication in a scientific journal (not indexed international)

## 1 Research paper

Research work should be trained at a level that corresponds to the requirements of peer-reviewed journals. To be prepared for the research project, doctors have to go through this or similar training that ends with the publication of a peer-reviewed article. The project can be based on data already collected (eg monitoring of clinical data). This can be done as a group job or as a single job. However, due to the relatively few hours scheduled for the project, it does not need to be published internationally, only in the journal "Preventive Health Science" Proposed research projects available to everyone. The scientific study can, for a good start, be a clinical case and / or an epidemiological study of a group, a population. Important, it should always be published for completeness, for example, in our journal "Preventive Health Science" to see the link below. The title of the first project: "Clinical registry of work-related diseases" with the Tasks and Modules in the following:
Scientific Work tasks include
* Complete the module Use scientific literature - learn to use the "Zotero" program
* Complete the course: How to start and complete research projects
* Complete the research course: Electronic Research Tools 1 + 2
* Complete other courses: Research methodology training - other courses
* Search the literature and file it in Zotero (the whole process)
* Drafting of the IMRAD international style research protocol
* Literature review
* Data collection
* Data analysis
* Writing the article and abstract
* Maintain references mainly peer-reviewed articles
* Publication in "Preventive Health Science" or / and in an international indexed scientific journal.
* Presentation at conferences
The research work is practically registered in a department together with other work in progress:

## 2 Theoretical modules

Theoretical modules are for self-study or lectures by tutors, who will recommend specific modules for each of the researchers according to their level of methodological competencies and previous research experiences.
Science development includes research training at universities, evidence-based teaching, and the establishment of research centers and publications in scientific journals. For a specific course, parts of the theoretical module are selected, but the use of scientific literature is a sine qua non-condition:
Theoretical research modules

## Approval

To be approved, everyone in the group must acquire the skills:
* Each student must have contributed enough to each part of the scientific project (Tasks 1-14) that it must have a quality similar to an international publication.
* Each student must acquire competencies in each of Modules 1-20 to a satisfactory level.
* An evaluation is carried out continuously by the tutor, who at the end presents the results to the program coordinator.

## Digital books (Links)

* Occupational Health Risk Monitoring Program
* Occupational Medicine
* Encyclopedia of Health and Safety at the International Labor Organization (ILO)
* ILO Occupational Safety and Health
Google Oversæt Oprindelig tekst Las sugerencias de cómo se puede hacer esto están dentro el “Trabajo de investigación”. Foreslå en bedre oversættelse