OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Survival Kit, software/Before you begin

First you should download the source codes, compiled executable files, support programs, examples and manual from boku.ac.at. Everything is for free, programs are open source.

## What's new in v6.0?

The new version of the Survival Kit is updated to Fortran90, extensively using its memory allocation capacities. This means that when changing some key parameters related to the database size (number of effects, number of elementary records, etc.) recompilation is no longer needed. One can change these parameters via new keywords. Executable files are currently supplied for Windows computers.
The names of the parameter files were changed to make the program more user friendly.
* The parameter file name for PREPARE was changed from *.par to prepare.txt
* The name of the file holding the list of variables was changed from *.paa to varlist.txt
* The parameter file name for COX was changed from *.cox to cox.txt
* The parameter file name for WEIBULL was changed from *.wei to weibull.txt
IMPORTANT: These file names are set as defaults in the Survival Kit v6.0, to minimize typing. Due to these changes you are obliged to use these names in your runs, unless you change them in the source code and recompile the programs. Note: If you are a novice user - stick to the default names.

## Data and parameter files

Survival Kit uses text input files. You should not use "tab" in the text files while this is not supported by the Kit, and may lead to a non-specific error messages.
Data files Data files should consist only from numbers and spaces. No characters allowed. In case of time dependent effects a special data structure should be used including the so called "triplets". This may require additional experience in database preparation step.
Parameter files Parameter files include the description of the data files for PREPARE program (default file name: prepare.txt) or model description for COX (default file name: cox.txt) and WEIBULL (default file name: weibull.txt). In these you use keywords described in the manual.
Every line should end with a semicolon. Length of lines is limited to approx. 150 characters, so if you have longer lines, you should brake them into multiple lines (just hit "Enter"). Note: You should use shorter lines (approx. 70-80 characters) to increase readability.
In the parameter files you can use comment lines beginning with "/*" and ending with "*/" i.e.
/* This is a comment here... */
Survival Kit: Before you begin - Small example - Sorting - Tips and Tricks - FAQ - Older versions - Other possibilities
# Survival Kit, software/Frequently asked questions

This page is supposed to answer the most frequently asked questions when using the Survival Kit.

## General questions

Question: What is Survival Kit?
Answer: Survival Kit is a set of Fortran programs designed to deal with large databases in survival analysis.
Question: How can I use it?
Answer: For Survival Kit v3.12 you need to download the Fortran source code, compile it on your machine and run the executable file. Compilation is not necessary the v6.0, where the Windows source codes are supplied.
Question: What is a "compiler"?
Answer: Compiler is a computer program which "translates" the source code (the text file) to an executable file which you can run on your computer (the .exe file on Windows). You could run programs - as for Fortran programs - compiled on the same operating system as yours. For example you can run the Survival Kit on your Windows machine compiled on an another Windows machine, but you can not run a version compiled under Linux (and vice versa). See for example Wikipedia for more technical description on compilers.
Question: Is this program for free?
Answer: Yes. Survival Kit is an open source program (so you can look into the source code) that you can freely use to any purpose including national evaluations given that its usage is attributed. This could be done by a regular citation: Ducrocq, V., Sölkner, J. and Mészáros G. (2010). Survival Kit v6 – a Software Package for Survival Analysis. In: 9th World Cong. Genet. Appl. Livest. Prod., Leipzig, Germany.

## Questions on usage

Question: How to use the Survival Kit?
Answer: You can read the small guide for beginner users right on this site. For more detailed instructions on specific keywords consult the manual.
Question: I want to try out the Survival Kit, but I don't have any data!
Answer: There are several examples (some of them also with solutions) in the "Examples" folder after you download and unpack the program.
Question: I keep getting a "The value of the STATUS specifier in an OPEN statement does not match the file status (unit=15)." or a very similar error message!
Answer: In this case you either don't have every file in the same directory as the executable file, or you have a typo in the file name.

## Satisfied?

If you still haven't found the answer to your question you can contact me through my talk page here or email.
Survival Kit: Before you begin - Small example - Sorting - Tips and Tricks - FAQ - Older versions - Other possibilities
# Survey research and design in psychology/Web resources

This unit makes use of two main websites: UCLearn and Wikiversity.

## UCLearn

UCLearn
* UC's official learning management system and main page for the unit.
* Unit-specific information such as Announcements, Discussion, Grades, Assignments and Links out to other resources.

## Wikiversity

Wikiversity
* Sister project of Wikipedia, for hosting open educational resources.
* Generic teaching and learning materials which have a broader audience.

## Other

Other websites which the unit makes use of include:
* eReserve - for electronic access to copyright-restricted articles and book chapters
* Slideshare - for hosting and rendering presentation slides
* Youtube - for screencasts
# Survey research and design in psychology/Unit outline

Unit outline
See below for Survey research and design in psychology unit outlines.

## 2018

* 7126

## 2017

* 7126
* 6667

## 2016

* 7126
* 6667

## 2015

* 6667
* 7126

## 2014

* Unit outline

## 2013

* Unit outline
# Survey research and design in psychology/Web resources/UCLearn

UCLearn UCLearn
# Survey research and design in psychology/Tutorials/Templates/Description

* {{{1}}}
# Motivation and emotion/About/Acknowledgement of country
## Acknowledgement of country

We pay respect to the Ngunnawal people as traditional custodians of the land on which the University of Canberra Bruce campus is located and acknowledge their continuing culture and contribution to Canberra and the region.
# Motivation and emotion

| About | Start | Assessment |
| Unit outline | Teaching team |
| Schedule | Timetable |
| Lectures | Tutorials |
| UCLearn | #emot24 |
| Book - 2024 | |
# Motivation/Self-concept

Motivation and self-concept
Possible topics:
* How does self-concept relate to motivation?
* What self-conceptions about our motivational interests and behaviours do we have?
* Does self-concept cause motivation or vice-versa or are they reciprocal
* Vocational motivation and self-concept
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/Human

In a business context a human can perform tasks.
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/Employee

* Domain: HCM
* Wikipedia

## Properties

| Sequence | Property name | Datamodel | Datatype | Dutch |
| 1 | Employee number | EmployeeNumber | Sequence | Personeelsnummer |
| 2 | Person | Person | Reference to Person | Persoon |
| 3 | Salary | Salary | Decimal number | Salaris |
| 4 | External | External | True/ false value | Extern |
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/Goal
## Issues

* How to create SMART goals using a tree diagram: see http://www.smartlearningcommunity.net/sites/default/files/How-to-Create-SMART-Goals-Using-a-Tree-Diagram.pdf for more info.
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/ExpenseType

* Domain: Expenses
* Wikipedia:

## Examples

| Dutch | English |
| Brandstof | Fuel |
| Reis- en verblijfkosten | |
| Relatiegeschenken | |
| Representatiekosten | |
| Overig | |
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/Document

* index:
* wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document

## Properties

| Sequence | Property name | Datamodel | Datatype | Dutch |
| 1 | Name | DocumentName | Text (single line) | Naam van document |
| 2 | Description | Description | Text (multi line) | Omschrijving |
| 3 | File | File | File | Bestand |

## Fact types

* DOCUMENT is written by an AUTHOR
# System development/Modelling/Concepts/Expense

* Domain:
* Wikipedia:

## Properties

| Sequence | Property name | Datamodel | Datatype | Definition/ example | Dutch | French | German | Spanish |
| 1 | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | | | | | | | | |
# The periodic table/Sulfur
## Discovery

Sulfur has been known since ancient times. It is mentioned 15 times in the Bible, and was best known for destroying Sodom and Gomorrah. It was also known to the ancient Greeks, and burnt as a fumigant. Louis-Josef Gay-Lussac and Louis-Jacques Thénard proved it to be an element in 1809. The name is thought to be derived from either the Sanskrit 'sulvere', or the Latin 'sulfurium'.

## Quick Facts

| Name: Sulfur Symbol: S Mass: 32.066 Atomic Number: 16 Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s$^2$ 3p$^4$ | Classification: non-metal CAS Number: 7704-34-9 Appearance: Generally appears as yellow crystals or a yellow powder. Discovery in: ancient times Key Isotopes: $^{32}$S Allotropes: α-S, β-S, S$_2$, S$_3$, cyclo-S$_8$ | Density: 2.07 g/L Crystal Structure: orthorhombic (α-S), monoclinic (β-S) Melting Point: 115.21 °C Boiling Point: 444.61 °C |

## Uses

Sulfur is mostly used in the production of sulfuric acid, which is perhaps the most important chemical manufactured by western civilizations. The most important of sulfuric acid’s many uses is in the extraction of phosphate for fertilizer. Sulfur is used in the vulcanization of black rubber, as a fungicide and in black gunpowder. Sulfites are used to bleach paper and as preservatives for many foodstuffs. Many surfactants and detergents are sulfate derivatives. Calcium sulfate, gypsum, is mined on the scale of 100 million tons each year for use in cement and plaster.
Sulfur is essential to all living things. It is taken up as sulfate from the soil (or sea water) by plants and algae and used to make two of the essential amino acids needed for protein formation. It is also needed in some co-enzymes. Sulfur is non-toxic as the element and in the form of the sulfate, but carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide are all toxic, especially hydrogen sulfide which can cause death by respiratory paralysis. Sulfur dioxide is produced when coal and unpurified oil are burned and is largely responsible for so called ‘acid rain’ which can cause lakes to die partly by enabling toxic aluminium salts to become soluble. The average human contains 140 grams and takes in about 1 gram a day.

## Atomic Data

| Atomic radius: 1.800 Å Covalent radius: 1.04 Å Electronegativity: 2.580 Electron affinity: 200.4 kJ mol$^{-1}$ | Ionisation energies First: 999.588 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Second: 2251.761 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Third: 3356.722 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Fourth: 4556.227 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Fifth: 7004.299 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Sixth: 8495.816 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Seventh: 27107.340 kJ mol$^{-1}$ Eighth: 31719.528 kJ mol$^{-1}$ |

## Supply Risk

Scarcity factor: 3.5 (low risk)
| Crustal abundance: 404 ppm Reserve base distribution: n/a Production concentration: 17.4% | Top 3 countries for mining: n/a | Top 3 countries for production: China USA Canada |

## Oxidation States and Isotopes

Common oxidation states: 6, 4, 2, -2
Isotopes
| Isotope | Atomic mass | Abundance (%) |
| $^{32}$S | 31.972 | 94.99 |
| $^{33}$S | 32.971 | 0.75 |
| $^{34}$S | 32.968 | 4.25 |
| $^{36}$S | 35.967 | 0.01 |

## Pressure and Temperature Data

Molar heat capacity: 22.7 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$
# The periodic table/Unknown

Elements with Unknown chemical properties
* Nihonium
* Flerovium
* Moscovium
* Livermoreium
* Tennessine
* Oganesson
# The periodic table/Tellurium

Tellurium (abbreviated "Te"), from the latin word for "Earth" (tellus), is a metalloid in the Oxygen Family.

## Discovery

Tellurium was discovered by Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein, an Austro-Hungarian mineralogist and mining engineer, living in the Habsburg Empire in 1782. Reichenstein purified a substance from a Transylvanian gold ore (which is actually gold telluride, AuTe$^2$, often known as calaverite), in which he believed he was handling antimony (another element). He published his discoveries of the element in a journal. The whole research was forgotten.
M. Klaproth, another scientist, was sent the work by Reichenstein... and isolated the element in 1789. He named it "tellurium", and gave full credit for element of Tellurium to Reichenstein.

## Quick Facts

| Name: Tellurium Symbol: Te Mass: 127.6 Classification: Oxygen Family Discoverer: Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein Protons: 52 Neutrons: 76 Electrons: 52 | Protons: 52 Electrons: 52 Neutrons: 76 Color: silvery Discovered in: 1782 Melting point: 449.51°C Boiling point: 988°C |

## External Links

This element is a stub. Learn how you can help Wikiversity to expand it. (See other stubs here)
# The periodic table/Transition Metals

Strong and shiny
Transition Metals:
* Scandium
* Titanium
* Vanadium
* Chromium
* Manganese
* Iron
* Cobalt
* Nickel
* Copper
* Zinc
* Yttrium
* Zirconium
* Niobium
* Molybdenum
* Technetium
* Ruthenium
* Rhodium
* Palladium
* Silver
* Cadmium
* Hafnium
* Tantalum
* Tungsten
* Rhenium
* Osmium
* Iridium
* Platinum
* Gold
* Mercury
* Rutherfordium
* Dubnium
* Seaborgium
* Bohrium
* Hassium
* Meitnerium
* Darmstadtium
* Roentgenium
* Copernicium
# The periodic table/Xenon
## Quick Facts

| Name: Xenon Atom Symbol: Xe Mass: 131 Classification: noble gases | Protons: 54 Electrons: 54 Neutrons: 77 Color: colorless | Discovered in: 1898 Melting Point: -112 °C Boiling Point: -108 °C |
# The periodic table/Uranium
## Quick Facts

| Element Name: uranium atom Symbol: U Atomic Mass: 238.0289 Classification: Actinoids | Protons: 92 Electrons: 146 Neutrons: 92 Colour: silvery grey metallic. It can also be Yellow when it is in the form of Yellowcake Discovery in: 1789 Person who Discovered: Martin Heinrich Klaproth | Density: 19.1 g·cm$^{−3}$ Crystal Structure: ​orthorhombic Melting Point: 1405.3 K, 1132.2 °C, 2070 °F Boiling Point: 4404 K, 4131 °C, 7468 °F Common Uses: Civilian Use is Nuclear Power; Military Use is Nuclear Weapons, Depleted Uranium is used for bullets and tank armour, estimation of earth's age. |

## See Also

This element is a stub. Learn how you can help Wikiversity to expand it. (See other stubs here)
# The periodic table/Sodium
## Quick Facts

| Name: Sodium atom Symbol: Na Mass: 23 Classification: Group 1 (Alkali Metals) | Protons: 11 Electrons: 11 Neutrons: 12 Color: Silvery-White | Discovered in: 1807 Crystal Structure: Cubic Melting Point: 97.8 °C (370.9 °K) Boiling Point: 552.9 °C (826.0 °K) Common Uses: Medicine, Agriculture, Salt, Baking Powder, Sodium Carbonate/Bicarbonate |
This element is a stub. Learn how you can help Wikiversity to expand it. (See other stubs here)
# The phenomenon of water evaporation from plants

The process of water evaporation from plants, known as transpiration, is essential for plant health and ecosystem dynamics. It involves the movement of water from the plant's roots through its vascular system and eventual release into the atmosphere through small openings called stomata on the plant's leaves. This process not only provides insights into plant biology but also influences environmental processes such as weather patterns and climate regulation.
Transpiration is a physiologically regulated process that cools the plants and humidifies the air. When water evaporates from a plant, 70-80 percent of it does so through the apical cells of the leaf and less often through the cuticle of the leaf surface. A plant leaf, an important organ that carries out transpiration, photosynthesis, and gas and water exchange, has a different internal structure depending on the environmental conditions in which it grows. Water evaporation from plant leaves occurs in several stages:
1. Transfer from the cytoplasm of leaf cells to the leaf surface in the form of water droplets.
2. Formation and storage of water vapor in the intercellular space from the cell envelope.
3. Accumulation of water vapor in the leaf cavity.
4. Evaporation of water vapor from the surface of the leaf into the air when the stomata open.
Transpiration plays a crucial role in influencing local and regional humidity levels, which can impact precipitation patterns and overall climate in ecosystems with abundant vegetation. It is also integral to the regulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels as it supports the process of photosynthesis, wherein plants utilize carbon dioxide to produce energy and oxygen. Understanding this process enhances our knowledge of plant health, ecosystem functioning, and climate interactions, highlighting the interconnectedness of natural systems.
# Theoretical radiation astronomy/Quiz

Theoretical radiation astronomy is the key theory lecture for the course on the principles of radiation astronomy.
This is a quiz based on the lecture that you are free to take at any time or knowledge level.
Once you’ve read and studied the lecture itself, the links contained within the article/lecture, listed under See also, External links and in the {{principles of radiation astronomy}} template, you should have adequate background to take the quiz and score highly.
As a "learning by doing" resource, this quiz helps you to assess your knowledge and understanding of the information, and it is a quiz you may take over and over as a learning resource to improve your knowledge, understanding, test-taking skills, and your score.
This quiz may need up to an hour to take and is equivalent to an hourly.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* Questions leaning more on theoretical development may be better.
# Theoretical topics within computer science

Theoretical topics include AI and machine learning theory:
* Artificial Intelligence (AI)
* Machine Learning
Algorithms, data structures and computer architecture:
* Algorithms
* Data Structures
* Computer Architecture
The classical topics in theoretical computer science:
* Automata Theory (course)
* Formal Language Theory (course)
* Computability Theory (overview)
* Complexity Theory (overview)
Related topics include:
* Discrete maths
** Introductory_Discrete_Mathematics_for_Computer_Science
* Logic
# Theoretical physics
## Topics

Topics or resources that are currently being offered in Theoretical Physics Department at Wikiversity include the following. Topics give you information about more specific resources such as courses, lectures or lessons.
* 101 Introductory Classical Mechanics
* 102 Electromagnetism
* 103 Vibrations and Waves
* 201 Particle Physics
* 202 Physics of Solids
* 202 Quantum Physics
* 203 Statistical Physics
* 204 Advanced Classical Mechanics
* 205 Advanced Electromagnetism
* 301 Topic:Special relativity
* 302 Topic:General relativity
* 401 String Theory for Undergraduates
* 403 Exploring Black Holes: General Relativity

## Wikipedia articles

* w:Theoretical physics
# Theoretical psychology

Theoretical psychology is concerned with theoretical and philosophical aspects of the discipline of psychology. It is an interdisciplinary field involving psychologists specialising in, amongst others, cognitive, social, developmental, personality, clinical, perceptual, neurological, biological, evolutionary, historical, political and critical psychology. In the United States, one group focused on theoretical and philosophical issues in Psychology is The Society for Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology (formerly known as The American Psychological Association, Division for Theory and Philosophy of Psychology or APA Division 24). This society regularly hosts symposia, lectures, roundtable discussion, and poster sessions at the annual APA conference.
# Theories of Personality (PSY 225-A01)
## Midterm 1

* What is Personality?
* How Is Personality Studied and Assessed?
* Psychoanalytic Aspects of Personality
* Neo-analytic and Ego Aspects of Personality
* Biological Aspects of Personality
* Behaviorist and Learning Aspects of Personality
https://quizlet.com/374191602/personality-psychology-exam-1-flash-cards/ - midterm 1 review

## Midterm 2

* Cognitive and Social Cognitive Aspects of Personality
* Trait Aspects of Personality
* Existential and Humanistic Aspects of Personality
* Interactionist Approaches to Personality
* Male-Female Differences
* Stress Adjustment Health Differences
* Culture, Religion, and Ethnicity
# United States Government/Feedback
## Feedback

Please post your feedback to these questions here whenever you feel like you want to try to answer them. You can answer these questions as many times as you would like, whenever you would like. This will give us some incentive as to what we can do to better improve this course for you and for future students.
Make sure that you put your signature with your timestamp when you are finished.

### Do you have any other thoughts or concerns regarding this course?
## Questions For The Instructor

Please post any questions that you have for Mr. Blair right here and he will get back to them as soon as possible.
# United States Congress/What is the United States Congress

United States Congress → What is the United States Congress
This page is part of the United States Congress project. :

## What is the United States Congress?

The United States Constitution establishes three branches of government, the first is the Legislative branch, called Congress. It is bicameral, meaning it is divided into two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate.

## Organization at a glance

The House of Representatives (usually shortened to just "House") and the Senate each make their own rules governing procedure and each have their own responsibilities outlined in the Constitution and responsibilities both houses share. More about these responsibilities in the "Powers and operations" section of this course.
# United States Congress

* Introduction
* This course is an introduction to the United States Congress, the bicameral legislature of the United States.

## Course

* Introduction
** What is the United States Congress?
** History of the Congress
* House of Representatives
** Module 1: Introduction to the United States House of Representatives
** Module 2: Composition and Structure of the House of Representatives
** Module 3: Powers and Responsibilities of the House of Representatives
* Senate
# United States Congress/Checks and Balances

United States Congress → Checks and Balances
This page is part of the United States Congress project. :

## Checks and Balances

The United States government operates under a system of checks and balances between the three branches. Acts passed by Congress and signed into law by the President can be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, part of the third branch of government, the Judicial. The President's nominations of Cabinet members and other officers of the United States having to be approved by the Senate is another example. Their are things that one branch can completely control, things the other branches can control along with it, and things that one branch has no control over. This system is in place to prevent one branch from gaining to much power over the others.