OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Integral/Dependence on parameter/at^2-a^2t/-1 to 2/Extrema/Exercise

Determine for which $a\in \mathbb {R}$ the function
    $a\longmapsto \int _{-1}^{2}at^{2}-a^{2}tdt$
has a maximum or a minimum.
# Integral/Root 3x^2+5x-4/Exercise

Compute by an appropriate substitution an antiderivative of
    ${\sqrt {3x^{2}+5x-4}}.$
# Micromechanics of composites/Average displacement in a RVE
## Average Displacement in a RVE

The average displacement in a RVE may be defined as
    ${\langle \mathbf {u} \rangle :={\cfrac {1}{V}}\int _{\Omega }\mathbf {u} (\mathbf {x} )~{\text{dV}}~.}$
We would like to find the relation between the average displacement in a RVE and the applied displacements at the boundary of the RVE. To do that, recall the identity
    ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet (\mathbf {v} \otimes {\boldsymbol {w}})=\mathbf {v} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet {\boldsymbol {w}})+({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\mathbf {v} )\cdot {\boldsymbol {w}}$
where $\mathbf {v}$ and ${\boldsymbol {w}}$ are two vector fields.
If we choose $\mathbf {v}$ such that ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\mathbf {v} ={\boldsymbol {\mathit {1}}}$ in the above identity, then we can get an equation for ${\boldsymbol {w}}$, i.e.,
    ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet (\mathbf {v} \otimes {\boldsymbol {w}})=\mathbf {v} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet {\boldsymbol {w}})+{\boldsymbol {\mathit {1}}}\cdot {\boldsymbol {w}}=\mathbf {v} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet {\boldsymbol {w}})+{\boldsymbol {w}}~.$
Now, ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\mathbf {v} ={\boldsymbol {\mathit {1}}}$ if $\mathbf {v} =\mathbf {x}$. Therefore,
    ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet (\mathbf {x} \otimes {\boldsymbol {w}})=\mathbf {x} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet {\boldsymbol {w}})+{\boldsymbol {w}}\qquad \implies \qquad {\boldsymbol {w}}={\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet (\mathbf {x} \otimes {\boldsymbol {w}})-\mathbf {x} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet {\boldsymbol {w}})~.$
Using the above in the expression for the average displacement, we have
    $\langle \mathbf {u} \rangle ={\cfrac {1}{V}}\int _{\Omega }[{\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet (\mathbf {x} \otimes \mathbf {u} )-\mathbf {x} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet \mathbf {u} )]~{\text{dV}}~.$
Applying the divergence theorem to the first term on the right, we get
    ${\langle \mathbf {u} \rangle ={\cfrac {1}{V}}\int _{\partial {\Omega }}(\mathbf {x} \otimes \mathbf {u} )\cdot \mathbf {n} ~{\text{dV}}-{\cfrac {1}{V}}\int _{\Omega }\mathbf {x} \cdot ({\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet \mathbf {u} )~{\text{dV}}~.}$
There are two terms in the above expression: the first is a boundary term while the second requires information from the interior of the body. Hence, in general, the average displacement of a RVE cannot be determined solely on the basis of boundary displacements.

## Incompressible materials

In the material is incompressible, the balance of mass gives us
    ${\boldsymbol {\nabla }}\bullet \mathbf {u} =0~.$
In that case,
    $\langle \mathbf {u} \rangle ={\cfrac {1}{V}}\int _{\partial {\Omega }}(\mathbf {x} \otimes \mathbf {u} )\cdot \mathbf {n} ~{\text{dV}}~.$
It's only in this special case that the average displacement in the RVE can be expressed in terms of boundary displacements.
# Motivation and emotion/Book/2016/Sexual swinging motivation

* [Link for Multimedia Presentation goes here Multimedia presentation (3 min)]
# International Law/Public
## What is Law?

Most academic law courses begin with this sort of a question.
Start now by trying it: Write down as many characterstics of law as you can think of.
If you have other people around, ask them. See how your lists compare.
I'd suggest some of the words you might have used would be:
* Rule
* Binding
* Enforcement / enforceable
* Sanction
* Authority (as in, rules created by an accepted authority)
* State / Government
* Courts
Implicitly here I am assuming we are talking about the law of a state (in the sense of an international country, rather than a domestic unit - i.e. I mean the USA, not California).
This is not the place to go into too much detail, but let me offer a couple of definitions:
"The written and unwritten body of rules largely derived from custom and formal enactment which are recognised as binding among those persons who constitute a community or state, so that they will be imposed upon and enforced among those persons by appropriate sanctions."
"The body of rules and guidelines within which society requires its judges to administer justice" - Lord Scarman
Activity: See what you can find in the way of definitions on the Internet.

## What then is Public International Law?

Public International Law discusses on matters as the law of international organizations, the law of treaties, human rights, humanitarian law, international courts,etc.(Zarefar, A. at fa:wikipedia)
# International Regulations

| Unit 4.3-International Regulations | Introduction | ICC | UCP | eUCP | Rules for Collections | International Court of Arbitration | INCOTERMS | WTO | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Unit 4.3-International Regulations

An international manager should understand the organizations that create international financial regulation. In addition, identifying the various options available in these organizations provides an opportunity to improve chances for timely payment from their buyers.

### Unit Objective

The goal of this material is to introduce you to the regulations published by the ICC governing and affecting methods of payment such as the Incoterms and UCP. By the end of this unit you will be able to:
* identify the international regulations published by the ICC.
* recognize the UCP and its affect on methods of payment.
* recognize the Incoterms and their effect on methods of payment.

### Unit Outline

* Introduction
* ICC
* Uniform Customs and Practice (UCP) for Documentary Credits
* Uniform Customs and Practice-Electronic Supplement (eUCP)
* Uniform Rules for Collections
* ICC International Court of Arbitration
* INCOTERMS
* WTO
* Summary
* Resources
* Activities
* Assessment
Correlation: Materials from this unit correlate with NASBITE CGCP's Knowledge Statement 04/04/03: Knowledge of international regulations published by the International Chamber of Commerce (Paris) governing international transactions and methods of payment (e.g., Incoterms, UCP, arbitration, Uniform Rules for Collection)
# International Law/Human Rights

International Human Rights Law is a branch of law that includes customary law, international treaties and instruments, intergovernmental institutions and judicial decisions concerning supranational rights that are regarded as important enough to be protected by law. The majority of these rights are defined broadly within international treaties and instruments and their scope is then delimited through judicial examination and interpretation. However in the case of customary law, a rule can be held to have arisen based on the behaviour of a majority of states over a certain period of time.
# International Regulations/Activities

| Unit 4.3-International Regulations | Introduction | ICC | UCP | eUCP | Rules for Collections | International Court of Arbitration | INCOTERMS | WTO | Summary | Resources | Activities | Assessment Go to Unit 4.1 | Unit 4.2 | Unit 4.3 | Unit 4.4 | Unit 4.5 | Unit 4.6 | Unit 4.7 | Unit 4.8 | Unit 4.9 Return to Trade Finance Module 4: Payment Methods |

## Activity

Activity 1 Using the Incoterms Circle Chart, choose an Incoterm for a transaction.
* Identify the responsibilities for the buyer and seller
* Identify the risks to the buyer and seller
Activity 2 Choose a method of payment as discussed in Task 1 and an Incoterm.
* Identify the responsibilities for the buyer and seller
* Identify the risks to the buyer and seller
* Determine if your choice is the best combination of Incoterm and method of payment
* Determine what could be a better or worse choice
# Motivation and emotion/Book/2018/Hope and motivation

* Multimedia presentation (3 min)

## Overview

Who does not experience hope at least once in their life? Hope is a really important and interesting topic in our motivational life.
What is motivation?
* How can specific motivation and/or emotion theories and research help?

## Types of content

* What is motivation?
* What are the reasons for a lack of motivation?
* Theory of Motivation

## What is motivation?

Motivation is a question and debate that motivates people. Why do we do what we do? Many researchers try to explain, understand and answer these questions. Motivation is what make a person take action and make certain choices (Ushioda,2008). Motivation is the process that controls behaviour. (Mysahana,April18,2012)Retrieved from http://mysahana.org/2012/04/six-common-reasons-for-lack-of-motivation/

#### What are the reasons for a lack of motivation?

* Depression
* Fear of failure
* Low self-esteem
Thus, a person will not have hope and it will affect their lives. Hope produces routes to desired goals and motivation to achieve those goals. Hope is also expectations for goal attainment (Snyder,2000).
Hope and motivation is significant in our lives and enables a person to live positively. Much research has been done about motivation and hope, such as in adolescence and children. According to Brooks,(2001), future success is affected, if children experience hopelesness.
According to Kenny et al (2010), research shows that work achievement and career planning are affected by hope-related beliefs.
According to Synder et al, (2002), hope is important to achieve goals and studies show hope is a key to academic success.
Hopelessness can affect the human body negatively. The study was conducted to understand relationships of hopelessness and depression with suicidal thinking. The study showed that hopelessness was more significant than depression for explaining suicidal thinking (Beck et al,1993).
Theory of Motivation
Maslow's Theory Maslow hierarchy need is motivation theory and developed by Abraham Maslow. In Maslow theory there are five basic needs which are related to each other and hierarchy in prepotency (Maslow, 1943). The needs are important elements for the motivation drive, It is starting point. In Maslow hierarchy needs including: Physiological needs, then safety needs, the love needs, the esteem, the self actualization. First needs are physiological needs such as food and water because food and water are significant for the body. Second is safety needs such as security. Third element is in hierarchy the love needs which intimacy and belongingness. Fourth element is the esteem which are self-esteem and for the esteem of others, achievement. The fifth element is the self actualization which is understanding personal growth ,(Leavitt, Pondy & Boje, D.1989).

### Quiz question
## Conclusion

Hope and motivation have profound effects on our lives and futures. Hope is important for success and for motivation in our lives.
# Linear mapping/Eigenspace for different eigenvalues/Zero/Fact

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping. Let $\lambda _{1}\neq \lambda _{2}$ be elements in $K$.
    $\operatorname {Eig} _{\lambda _{1}}{\left(\varphi \right)}\cap \operatorname {Eig} _{\lambda _{2}}{\left(\varphi \right)}=0\,.$
# Linear mapping/Eigenvalue zero/Characterization/Fact/Proof/Exercise

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping. Show that
    $\operatorname {ker} {\left(\varphi \right)}=\operatorname {Eig} _{0}{\left(\varphi \right)}\,.$
# Linear mapping/Eigenvalue/Definition

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping. Then an element $\lambda \in K$ is called an eigenvalue for $\varphi$, if there exists a vector $v\in V$, $v\neq 0$ such that
    $\varphi (v)=\lambda v\,.$
# Linear mapping/Eigenspace for different eigenvalues/Zero/Fact/Proof/Exercise

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping. Let $\lambda _{1}\neq \lambda _{2}$ be elements in $K$. Show that
    $\operatorname {Eig} _{\lambda _{1}}{\left(\varphi \right)}\cap \operatorname {Eig} _{\lambda _{2}}{\left(\varphi \right)}=0\,.$
# Linear mapping/Eigenvector/Definition

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping. Then an element $v\in V$, $v\neq 0$, is called an eigenvector of $\varphi$ (for the eigenvalue $\lambda$), if
    $\varphi (v)=\lambda v\,$
for some $\lambda \in K$ holds.
# Linear mapping/Eigenvalue 1 and -1/Remark

Beside the eigenspace for $0\in K$, which is the kernel of the linear mapping, the eigenvalues $1$ and $-1$ are in particular interesting. The eigenspace for $1$ consists of all vectors which are sent to themselves. Restricted to this linear subspace, the mapping is just the identity, it is called the fixed space. The eigenspace for $-1$ consists in all vector which are sent to their negative. On this linear subspace, the mapping acts like the reflection at the origin.
# Linear mapping/Eigenvalue zero/Characterization/Fact

Let $K$ be a field, $V$ a $K$-vector space and
    $\varphi \colon V\longrightarrow V$
a linear mapping.
    $\operatorname {ker} {\left(\varphi \right)}=\operatorname {Eig} _{0}{\left(\varphi \right)}\,.$
In particular, $0$ is an eigenvalue of $\varphi$ if and only if $\varphi$ is not injective.
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/Are you crazy? Mental health and wellbeing among Australia's CALD communities

SabrinaGupta (discuss • contribs) 02:07, 9 April 2014 (UTC)
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/Ethnicity and chronic diseases

Culture represents shared beliefs, values and understandings. Culture also provides a basis for understandings of health, illness and lifestyle to its members’. Australia as we know it today, is a migrant society with close to 30% of Australia’s population born overseas. Australia also faces a significant burden from chronic diseases. Some ethnically diverse groups face higher rates of certain chronic diseases when compared to the host Anglo-Australian population. It is thus essential to consider why might this be the case and what may the best strategies be to tackle these issues. Should we take a “one-size fits all” approach or should services be tailored to specific cultural needs? These are some of the aspects that will be examined in this lecture.

## Lecture

Ethnicity, Culture and Chronic disease

## Activity

* Review of lecture, "Ethnicity, culture and chronic disease"
* Discussion on Healthy Immigrant Effect and Risk factors to diseases
* Online quiz changes
* Discuss submission of presentation
* Readings
* Group work

## Resources
### Readings

* Bhopal, R. (2004). Glossary of terms relating to ethnicity and race: for reflection and debate. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:441-445
* Gupta, S., Aroni, R., Lockwood, S., Jayasuriya, I., and Teede, H. (2015). South Asians and Anglo Australians with heart disease in Australia. Aust. Health Review , DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AH14254
* Bhopal, R. and Donaldson, L. (1998) White, European, Western, Caucasian, or what? Inappropriate labeling in research on race, ethnicity, and health. American Journal of Public Health 88(9): 1303–1307.
* Fine, L. Phiogene, G.S., Gramling, R., Coups, E. and Sinha, S. (2004) Prevalence of multiple chronic disease risk factors: 2001 National Health Interview Survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 27 (2):18–24
* Kennedy, S., McDonald,J.T. and Biddle, N (2006) The healthy immigrant effect and immigrant selection: evidence from four countries. SEDAP Research Program, 67. http://www.carleton.ca/sppa/wp-content/uploads/chesg-mcdonald.pdf
* Liu, J., Davidson, E., Bhopal, R., White, M., Johnson, M., Netto, G., Deverill, M. and Sheikh, A. (2012) Adapting health promotion interventions to meet the needs of ethnic minority groups: mixed-methods evidence synthesis. Health Technol Assess 16 (44): 1-469

### Videos

Ethnicity and health - a video play list compiled by Sabrina Gupta

### Websites

* National Health Priority Areas: http://www.aihw.gov.au/national-health-priority-areas/
* Australian Bureau of Statistics: http://www.abs.gov.au
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/Growing old in a foreign world

This week we examine the many theories that have been used to explain ageing and health in societies across the globe. Geriatric medicine, gerontology and health policy are described and critical analyses of the key concepts are provided. The culture surrounding ageing in Australia amongst diverse population groups is outlined and examined.

## Resources
### Lecture

Growing old in a foreign world

### Readings

Rao, D. V., Warburton, J., & Bartlett, H. (2006). Health and social needs of older Australians from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds: issues and implications. Australasian Journal on Ageing, 25(4), 174-179. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-6612.2006.00181.x
Browning, C and Heine, C. (2012) Ageing and Health: Biological , social and environmental perspectives in P. Liamputtong, R. Fanany, and G. Verrinder (2012)Health Illness and Well-being: Perspectives and social determinants South Melbourne: Oxford University Press
Gilleard, C.(2002) Cultural Approaches to ageing pp156-164 in Johnson, ML The Cambridge Handbook on Age and Ageing Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press

### Videos

http://www.pbs.org/lifepart2/exclusives/ethnic-elders-and-community
Ageing and Health playlist compiled by Sabrina Gupta

## Notes and Recordings

Copies to the LMS after the event
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/Health promotion for CALD groups

The Australian Health Promotion Association defines health promotion as “the process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health”; derived from the WHO Ottawa Charter 1986. The priority action areas of the Ottawa Charter are - build healthy public policy; create supportive environments; strengthen community actions; develop personal skills; reorient health; and moving into the future. The community development approach is often required in efforts to empower communities and strengthen community actions in order for communities to effect change for their health and wellbeing. An illustration of strengthening community actions is the Healthy Communities Initiative, a federally funded campaign on obesity and chronic disease prevention for those predominantly outside the paid workforce. The target groups include newly arrived migrants and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) groups. Health promotion programmes tailored to specific communities, such as CALD groups, are one of the necessary initiatives to respond to the health disparities among groups from different ethnic backgrounds.

## Resources

Sheikh, M., & MacIntyre, C. R. (2009). The impact of intensive health promotion to a targeted refugee population on utilisation of a new refugee paediatric clinic at the children's hospital at Westmead. Ethnicity & Health, 14(4), 393-405. doi: 10.1080/13557850802653780
Chan, B. (2009). Capitalising on the social resources within culturally and linguistically diverse communities for mental health promotion: stories of Australian Chinese people. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 15(1), 29-36. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/PY08058
Komaric, N., Bedford, S., & van Driel, M. (2012). Two sides of the coin: patient and provider perceptions of health care delivery to patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. BMC Health Services Research, 12(1), 322.
Caperchione, C., Kolt, G., & Mummery, W. K. (2009). Physical Activity in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Migrant Groups to Western Society. Sports Medicine, 39(3), 167-177. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200939030-00001
McMahon, T., Moreton, R. J., & Luisi, B. N. (2010). Guarding against emerging epidemics: addressing HIV and AIDS among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in NSW. New South Wales Public Health Bulletin, 21(4), 83-85. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/NB10012
http://www.redcross.org.au/migration-support.aspx

## Activity

Workshop
* Review of lecture, "Health Promotion for CALD Groups"
* Video & discussion (article: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-03-06/an-burmese-refugees-find-their-place-in-victorian-parks/4555108 ; video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLG14-hDyAxNc-tHIjATF8Re4V5W1jf9Hv&v=LueLk_wnZxA)
* Readings
* Group work

## Notes and Recordings

Copies to the LMS after the event
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/Health for CALD

Contacted possible lecturer for the topic today. SabrinaGupta (discuss • contribs) 04:12, 9 April 2014 (UTC)
# Multicultural Perspectives on Health and Wellbeing/En-gendering health and intersectionality
## Preamble

What do we mean when we say ‘engendering health’ or a gender perspective on health? While it is generally recognised that wealth and high socio-economic position encourages good health outcomes, there is still a need for health professionals at large to understand the widespread and profound implication of gender-based inequity. Engendering health means taking a holistic, whole of society approach to understand the ways in which systems and processes of power, oppression and marginalisation come together to impact on men and women’s health outcomes. As an additional layer of analysis, it is important to go beyond gender to understand how other identities such as race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, intersects with gender to influence people’s experience in life. This is known as intersectionality theory.

## Resources

Caperchione, C., Kolt, G., Tennent, R., & Mummery, W. (2011). Physical activity behaviours of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) women living in Australia: A qualitative study of socio-cultural influences. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 26.
Association for Women’s Rights in Development. (2004). Intersectionality: A tool for Gender and economic justice (Vol. 9). Toronto: Association for Women’s Rights in Development.
Fisher, C., Hunt, L., Adamsam, R., & Thurston, W. E. (2007). ‘Health's a difficult beast’: The interrelationships between domestic violence, women's health and the health sector: An Australian case study. Social Science & Medicine, 65(8), 1742-1750. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.05.047
Ghafournia, N. (2011). Battered at home, played down in policy: Migrant women and domestic violence in Australia. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(3), 207-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2011.02.009
Fildes, D., Cass, Y., Wallner, F., & Owen, A. (2010). Shedding light on men: the Building Healthy Men Project. Journal of Men's Health, 7(3), 233-240.
Morgan, M., Hayes, R., Williamson, M., & Ford, C. (2007). Men's Sheds: A Community Approach to Promoting Mental Health and Well-being. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 9(3), 48-52. doi: 10.1080/14623730.2007.9721842

### Videos

Video playlist compiled by Sabrina Gupta
Omar Musa and hip hop culture: http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/latenightlive/what-drives-hip-hop-poetry/5631796

### Websites

Multicultural Centre for Women's Health, http://www.mcwh.com.au/

## Notes and Recordings

Copies to the LMS after the event