# How things work college course/Global warming quiz 3/Testbank
## GlobalWarmingQ3

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### GlobalWarmingQ3-v1s1

1. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
2. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
    ___ a) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
    ___ b) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
    ___ c) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
3. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
4. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
    ___ a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
    ___ b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
    ___ c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
5. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
6. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
7. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
8. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
9. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
    ___ a) orbital cycles
    ___ b) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
    ___ c) volcanic eruptions
    ___ d) greenhouse gasses
10. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
11. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
12. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
13. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
14. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
15. The carbon cycle
    ___ a) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
    ___ b) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
    ___ c) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
16. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
17. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
    ___ a) 50%
    ___ b) 0%
    ___ c) 10%
    ___ d) 30%
18. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
19. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
20. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
21. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
22. Emissions scenarios are
    ___ a) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
    ___ b) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
    ___ c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
    ___ d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
23. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false

#### Key to GlobalWarmingQ3-v1s1

1. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
       - a) true
       + b) false
2. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
       + a) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
       - b) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
       - c) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
3. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
       - a) true
       + b) false
4. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
       + a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
       - b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
       - c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
5. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
       - a) true
       + b) false
6. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
       + a) true
       - b) false
7. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
       - a) true
       + b) false
8. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
       + a) true
       - b) false
9. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
       + a) orbital cycles
       - b) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
       - c) volcanic eruptions
       - d) greenhouse gasses
10. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       - a) true
       + b) false
11. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
       + a) true
       - b) false
12. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
13. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
       - a) true
       + b) false
14. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       + a) true
       - b) false
15. The carbon cycle
       + a) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
       - b) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
       - c) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
16. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
       - a) true
       + b) false
17. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
       - a) 50%
       + b) 0%
       - c) 10%
       - d) 30%
18. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
19. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
       + a) true
       - b) false
20. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
       + a) true
       - b) false
21. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
       + a) true
       - b) false
22. Emissions scenarios are
       - a) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
       + b) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
       - c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
       - d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
23. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
       - a) true
       + b) false

### GlobalWarmingQ3-v2s1

1. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
2. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
    ___ a) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
    ___ b) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
    ___ c) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
3. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
4. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
5. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
6. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
7. The carbon cycle
    ___ a) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
    ___ b) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
    ___ c) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
8. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
9. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
10. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
11. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
12. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
13. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
14. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
15. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
16. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
    ___ a) orbital cycles
    ___ b) greenhouse gasses
    ___ c) volcanic eruptions
    ___ d) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
17. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
    ___ a) 0%
    ___ b) 30%
    ___ c) 10%
    ___ d) 50%
18. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
    ___ a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
    ___ b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
    ___ c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
19. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
20. Emissions scenarios are
    ___ a) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
    ___ b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
    ___ c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
    ___ d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
21. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
22. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
23. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false

#### Key to GlobalWarmingQ3-v2s1

1. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       - a) true
       + b) false
2. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
       + a) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
       - b) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
       - c) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
3. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
       + a) true
       - b) false
4. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       + a) true
       - b) false
5. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
6. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
       + a) true
       - b) false
7. The carbon cycle
       - a) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
       - b) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
       + c) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
8. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
       - a) true
       + b) false
9. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
       - a) true
       + b) false
10. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
       + a) true
       - b) false
11. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
       - a) true
       + b) false
12. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
       - a) true
       + b) false
13. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
       + a) true
       - b) false
14. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
       - a) true
       + b) false
15. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
       - a) true
       + b) false
16. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
       + a) orbital cycles
       - b) greenhouse gasses
       - c) volcanic eruptions
       - d) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
17. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
       + a) 0%
       - b) 30%
       - c) 10%
       - d) 50%
18. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
       - a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
       + b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
       - c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
19. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
       + a) true
       - b) false
20. Emissions scenarios are
       + a) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
       - b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
       - c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
       - d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
21. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
       - a) true
       + b) false
22. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
       + a) true
       - b) false
23. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false

### GlobalWarmingQ3-v1s2

1. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
2. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
    ___ a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
    ___ b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
    ___ c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
3. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
4. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
5. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
6. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
7. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
8. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
    ___ a) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
    ___ b) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
    ___ c) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
9. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
    ___ a) 0%
    ___ b) 50%
    ___ c) 30%
    ___ d) 10%
10. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
11. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
12. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
13. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
14. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
15. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
16. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
17. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
18. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
19. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
20. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
    ___ a) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
    ___ b) greenhouse gasses
    ___ c) volcanic eruptions
    ___ d) orbital cycles
21. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
22. Emissions scenarios are
    ___ a) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
    ___ b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
    ___ c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
    ___ d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
23. The carbon cycle
    ___ a) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
    ___ b) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
    ___ c) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.

#### Key to GlobalWarmingQ3-v1s2

1. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
       - a) true
       + b) false
2. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
       - a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
       - b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
       + c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
3. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
       - a) true
       + b) false
4. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
       + a) true
       - b) false
5. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
       + a) true
       - b) false
6. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
       + a) true
       - b) false
7. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
8. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
       - a) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
       + b) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
       - c) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
9. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
       + a) 0%
       - b) 50%
       - c) 30%
       - d) 10%
10. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
       + a) true
       - b) false
11. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
       - a) true
       + b) false
12. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
       - a) true
       + b) false
13. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
       - a) true
       + b) false
14. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
       - a) true
       + b) false
15. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
16. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
       + a) true
       - b) false
17. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       - a) true
       + b) false
18. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
       - a) true
       + b) false
19. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       + a) true
       - b) false
20. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
       - a) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
       - b) greenhouse gasses
       - c) volcanic eruptions
       + d) orbital cycles
21. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
       + a) true
       - b) false
22. Emissions scenarios are
       + a) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
       - b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
       - c) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
       - d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
23. The carbon cycle
       - a) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
       + b) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
       - c) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.

### GlobalWarmingQ3-v2s2

1. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
2. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
3. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
4. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
5. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
6. Emissions scenarios are
    ___ a) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
    ___ b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
    ___ c) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
    ___ d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
7. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
8. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
9. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
10. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
11. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
12. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
    ___ a) 0%
    ___ b) 50%
    ___ c) 30%
    ___ d) 10%
13. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
14. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
15. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
    ___ a) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
    ___ b) orbital cycles
    ___ c) volcanic eruptions
    ___ d) greenhouse gasses
16. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
    ___ a) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
    ___ b) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
    ___ c) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
17. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
18. The carbon cycle
    ___ a) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
    ___ b) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
    ___ c) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
19. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
20. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
    ___ a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
    ___ b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
    ___ c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
21. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
22. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false
23. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
    ___ a) true
    ___ b) false

#### Key to GlobalWarmingQ3-v2s2

1. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed at the earth's surface.
       + a) true
       - b) false
2. Greenhouse warming acts to warm the stratosphere
       - a) true
       + b) false
3. "External forcings" refer to effects that can increase, but not decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
4. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone allows UV radiation to penetrate.
       - a) true
       + b) false
5. Soot tends to warm the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       - a) true
       + b) false
6. Emissions scenarios are
       - a) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by nature
       - b) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by the world's oceans
       + c) estimates of changes in future emission levels of greenhouse gases
       - d) estimates of how greenhouse gasses are absorbed and emitted by agriculture
7. Carbon dioxide contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does water vapor.
       - a) true
       + b) false
8. Greenhouse warming acts to cool the stratosphere
       + a) true
       - b) false
9. Depleting the ozone layer cools the stratosphere because ozone absorbs UV energy from the sun that heats the stratosphere.
       + a) true
       - b) false
10. The "Greenhouse effect schematic" in the section on "Temperature changes..." indicates that most of the energy from the Sun is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere.
       - a) true
       + b) false
11. In the arctic, soot tends to warm the earth.
       + a) true
       - b) false
12. Approximately what percent of global warming can be attributed to a long-term trend (since 1978) in the sun's energy?
       + a) 0%
       - b) 50%
       - c) 30%
       - d) 10%
13. Soot tends to cool the earth when it accumulates in atmospheric brown clouds.
       + a) true
       - b) false
14. The climate change community is divided between those who believe the goal should be to eliminate the earth's greenhouse effect altogether, and those who argue that we should attempt to minimize earth's greenhouse effect.
       - a) true
       + b) false
15. Which external force plays the smallest role in current efforts to model global warming?
       - a) solar luminosity (i.e. variations in energy from the sun)
       + b) orbital cycles
       - c) volcanic eruptions
       - d) greenhouse gasses
16. Global dimming, caused by air-born particulates produced by volcanoes and human made pollutants
       - a) is more related to the ozone problem than to global warming
       - b) exerts a heating effect by absorbing infra-red radiation from earth's surface
       + c) exerts a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight
17. The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made
       + a) true
       - b) false
18. The carbon cycle
       + a) describes how carbon is absorbed and emitted by the oceans, soil, plants, etc.
       - b) is a proposal to trade carbon credits.
       - c) is an effort to store carbon in underground caves.
19. Water vapor contributes more to the greenhouse effect than does carbon dioxide.
       + a) true
       - b) false
20. The Keeling curve shows that carbon dioxide concentrations
       + a) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, with increasing slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
       - b) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and regular and predictable annual fluctuations
       - c) show a steady rise in CO2 levels, at constant slope, and irregular fluctuations due associated with El Ninos and La Ninas.
21. It is expected that carbon emissions will begin to diminish in the 21st century as fossil fuel reserves begin to dwindle.
       - a) true
       + b) false
22. "External forcings" refer to effects that can either increase or decrease, the Earth's temperature.
       - a) true
       + b) false
23. In the arctic, soot tends to cool the earth.
       - a) true
       + b) false

   ##### Attribution (for quiz questions) under CC-by-SA license

    http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/How_things_work_college_course/Global_warming_quizzes

   ##### Study guide

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_warming&oldid=618541358