OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# COVID-19/All-cause deaths/Norway

Weekly all-cause deaths in Norway, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 3-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
Weekly all-cause deaths in Norway for 0-14 year olds, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv, 7-week moving average:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay.
All-cause deaths in Norway in weeks 1-17, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause deaths in Norway in weeks 40+ the year before and weeks 1-17 of the year, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
mortality.org indicates the data for the last weeks to be preliminary; above, the last two weeks available from mortality.org were excluded to prevent the worst effect of registration delay. The above is not adjusted by population size.
All-cause death excess percentage in Norway, year by year, based on mortality.org data, stmf.csv:
Above, the minimum over previous last 5 years is taken as the baseline against which the excess is calculated, and the last year is dropped as incomplete.
Script oneliners to update the charts:
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NOR DTotal 3 --svg
* plotHmd.py stmf.csv NOR D0_14 7 --svg
* plotHmdPerYear.py stmf.csv NOR DTotal
* plotHmdPerSeason.py stmf.csv NOR DTotal
* plotHmdExcessDeathPercPerYear.py stmf.csv NOR DTotal 5 --svg
See also:
External links:
* mpidr.shinyapps.io/stmortality
* Graphs and maps — EUROMOMO, euromomo.eu - mortality monitoring in Europe
* Comparisons of all-cause mortality between European countries and regions: January to June 2020, ons.gov.uk
* W:COVID-19 pandemic in Norway, wikipedia.org
# Citing Sources

The Citing Sources Learning Project functions as a workshop on how to improve the quality of cited sources in WikiMedia projects. Citing sources is a basic skill for wiki editors. This is a support project for the Wikiversity Wikiversity:Service community.
Covered topics:
* How to set up or participate in Wikiversity projects that seek to improve the cited sources for WikiMedia project articles.
* Single source verification. Making sure that a source really supports the statement made in a WikiMedia project article that cites that source.
* Multiple source verification. Just because a cited source makes a claim, that does not mean that the claim has a factual basis. Tracking claims made in sources to verifiable data.
* When are there too few or too many sources cited? How to start and run a campaign to find more sources. How to "off-load" and archive excess sources to Wikiversity.
# City dumpster content recycling

This article decribes the reuse of still usable foodstuffs found in city dumpsters to create highly nutritional compost (trough vermicomposting or other methods of composting (regular, mushroom composting, ...).

## Set-up

At the moment, homeless people without jobs are already scavenging the cities' dumpsters in search for things they may use. With my proposal, they may do this for a living by sorting out the elements which are usable for vermicomposting and/or composting (mostly plant parts and vegetables, some animal meat or fish, ...) and return it to large or small scale -composting companies/facilities. The packaging itself may be left by these city dwellers at the dumpsters.

## Advantages

This type of employment would not only give the slum dwellers better lives, but would also elevate the cities' security in decaying city blocks, the city's appearance, the financial situation in the city, ...
For the composting companies, this recycling of nutrients would be very cost-efficient for them as
* they get nutrients to compost for free
* the city dwellers can be payed at low fees
In addition, in respect to care for the environment, this project would also be very intresting. Finally as a last advantage, for the city itself (which needs to provide communal services as waste recycling, ...) this project would also be very intresting financially (as allot of waste disappears inmediatelly).

## Cooperation

Greenpeace, Slum Dwellers International, the Salvation Army, and other organisation may help in settinh up the project and composting companies can also assist by telling them about this idea and asking whether they are intrested in participating.
# Civil engineering

Civil engineering is the term for the work of planning, designing and building infrastructure. It usually means large structures, like bridges, dams, buildings, towers and tunnels. It also covers complicated networks such as water, irrigation, transportation and sewerage networks. Civil engineers can be involved in all stages in the life of infrastructure, from planning and construction to maintenance and demolition.
Civil engineers are responsible for lots of the things that are required for a society to function properly. Safe water supplies, sewage treatment, roads, railways and buildings are all part of civil engineering.
To be a professional in civil engineering requires study at a university or college. Civil engineers often study subjects like structures, hydraulics, geotechnics, surveying, materials, physics and calculus.
The profession of civil engineering is represented by professional bodies in various countries. In the UK the Institution of Civil Engineers promotes civil engineering as a discipline and supports engineers throughout their careers. The American Society of Civil Engineers performs a similar task in the USA.

## Other pages

* Earthquake engineering
* Engineering
* Structure Engineering

## Readings
### Wikipedia

* Civil engineering
* Construction engineering
* Environmental engineering
* Forensic engineering
* Materials science
* Civil engineer
* Civil engineering (Category)
* List of civil engineers
* American Society of Civil Engineers
* Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge
* Institution of Civil Engineers
* Civil Engineering Database
* Civil engineering software
* Structural engineering
* Geotechnical engineering
* Index of civil engineering articles
* Highway engineering
* Coastal engineering

## Other websites

* List of Civil Engineering Words
* Civil Engineering Resources online
* Pro Civil Engineer
# Civil Service Examination

The Civil Services Examination (CSE) is a nationwide competitive examination in India conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment to the various Civil Services of the Government of India.

## Papers

| Compulsory papers General Studies HIstory Economics Geography Politics International relations Statistics Essay Basic English Basic Indian language | Optionals Agriculture Animal Husbandry & Vetinary Science Anthropology Botany Chemistry Civil Engineering Commerce & Accountancy Economics Electrical Engineering Geography Geology Indian History Law Management Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medical Science Philosophy Physics Political Science & International Relations Psychology Public Administration Sociology Statistics Zoology | Literature optionals Literature of Arabic Literature of Assamese Literature of Bengali Literature of Bodo Literature of Chinese Literature of Dogri Literature of English Literature of French Literature of German Literature of Gujarati Literature of Hindi Literature of Kannada Literature of Kashmiri Literature of Konkani Literature of Maithili Literature of Malayalam Literature of Manipuri Literature of Marathi Literature of Nepali Literature of Oriya Literature of Pali Literature of Persian Literature of Punjabi Literature of Russian Literature of Sanskrit Literature of Santali Literature of Sindhi Literature of Tamil Literature of Telugu Literature of Urdu |

## Resources

* India
* International relations, Ministry of External Affairs
* News @ All India Radio

## Previous Questions

* IAS Exam race
* Jeywin

## Mock Tests

* GK Today
# Civil Law

According to The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07, "Civil law is based on written legal codes, a hallmark of the Roman legal system, in which disputes were settled by reference to a written legal code arrived at through legislation, edicts, and the like; common law is based on the precedents created by judicial decisions over time."
Louisiana is the only state in the United States to employ civil law. All 49 of the remaining states utilize common law, a form of law derived from England. The main difference behind this disparity is that England, and thus the English common law system, governed the early colonies inevitably becoming the United States of America. The Louisiana territory was first settled by French colonists, who later became subject to Spanish rule as a result of the French and Indian War. "In the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso (1800), Napoleon I forced the retrocession of the territory to France." Id.
After the Louisiana Purchase by the United States in 1803 , the Louisiana Code of 1825 was enacted. This code was largely based on the Napoleonic Code and some remaining concepts of Spanish civil law. The Louisiana Code has since been revised, but its base in civil law remains.
# Cite:Allen & Bennett 2008

* Price: ~AU$53
* Companion site:

## Critiques

This book was a most valuable guide through planning and analysing my research data. The clear instructions and step by step diagrams made understanding statistics simple. Highly recommended to anyone doing research. (Amazon Review).
# Civics, ethics & philosophy curriculum/Citizenship education
## Essential elements of citizenship education according to the Crick Report

The handout is under the copyright of the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority; it can be found on page 44 (PDF page 46) of the Crick Report.
The handout may be reproduced for the purpose of research, private study, criticism or review, or by educational institutions solely for educational purposes, if full acknowledgement is given.
# Database Examples/Pubs

Microsoft Pubs is a database sample that is available to download with the Microsoft SQL Server application. The Pubs database is available under a Microsoft Public License.
Please note the Pubs database is an older database example that does not follow the current database naming conventions. The following sample database is a subset supporting the original Pubs database and is used for educational benefits.

## Tables

* Jobs
* Publishers
* Employees
* Titles
* Titleauthor
* Stores
* Discounts
* Authors
* Sales

## SQL Scripts

* SQL Server

## See Also

* Red-Gate: Pubs Sample Database Diagram
* GitHub: Northwind and pubs sample databases for Microsoft SQL Server
# Database Examples/Northwind/Shippers
## Fields

| Field Name | Field Type | Length | Index | Constraint |
| ShipperID | Integer | | Primary Key | Not Null |
| ShipperName | Text | 25 | Unique | Not Null |
| Phone | Text | 15 | | |

## Data

| ShipperID | ShipperName | Phone |
| 1 | Speedy Express | (503) 555-9831 |
| 2 | United Package | (503) 555-3199 |
| 3 | Federal Shipping | (503) 555-9931 |
# English-Chinese/Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element. Its atomic number is 1, which makes it the simplest known element in the entire universe. Hydrogen is the true primordial substance, the first atom produced after the Big Bang. All chemical elements were formed from hydrogen by the processes of nuclear fusion.
氢 是 一种 化学元素。它的 原子序数 是 1，这 使 它 成为 整个 宇宙中 最简单的 已知 元素。氢 是 真正的 原始 物质，是 大爆炸后 产生的 第一种 原子。所有的 化学元素 都是 由 核聚变 过程中的 氢 形成的。
# English-Chinese/Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia is a high body temperature. It happens when a person is not able to control their body temperature. This can happen for many reasons, like very hot weather, fever, and some medicines or illegal drugs.
体温过高 是 一种 高体温。当 一个 人 无法 控制 体温 时 就会 发生 这种 情况。这 可能 有 很多 原因，比如 天气 炎热，发烧，某些 药物 或 非法 药物。
# English-Chinese/I'm a little bit nervous

I'm a little bit nervous.
我有点紧张。
# English-Chinese/Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state is more common in type 2 diabetes

A rare but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), which is more common in type 2 DM and is mainly the result of dehydration.
罕见但同样严重的可能性是高渗性高血糖状态（HHS），其在2型DM中更常见并且主要是脱水的结果。
# English-Chinese/Hydrotherapy is an alternative medicine

Hydrotherapy is an alternative medicine. It is a part of occupational therapy and physiotherapy. It makes use of water for treatment.
水疗是一种替代医学。 它是职业治疗和物理治疗的一部分。 它利用水进行治疗。
# English-Chinese/Hypotension may be caused by aging or drugs

Hypotension may be caused by aging or drugs.
低血压可能是由老化或药物引起的。
# English-Chinese/Hypothesis

A hypothesis refers to an idea that needs to be tested. A hypothesis needs more work by the researcher in order to check it. A tested hypothesis that works, may become part of a theory or become a theory itself.
假设 是 指 需要 测试的 想法。一个 假设 需要 研究人员 进行 更多的 工作 才能 检查。经过 检验的 假设 有效，可能 成为 理论的 一部分 或 成为 理论 本身。
# English-Chinese/Hydrosphere

The hydrosphere is the total mass of water on, under, and over the surface of a planet. It is part of physical geography. The oceans, rivers, and lakes are all part of the hydrosphere. Some electricity is made by the hydrosphere.
水圈 是 行星 表面的 下面 和 上面的 总水量。它是 自然地理的 一部分。海洋，河流 和 湖泊 都是 水圈的 一部分。有些 电 是 由 水圈 产生的。
# English-Chinese/Hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy, formerly called hydropathy and also called water cure, is a part of alternative medicine, in particular of naturopathy, occupational therapy and physiotherapy, that involves the use of water for pain relief and treatment.
水疗 是 替代医学的 一部分，特别是 自然疗法，职业治疗 和 物理疗法，其 涉及 使用 水 来 缓解疼痛 和 治疗。
# English-Chinese/Hypertension has almost no obvious symptoms. However, if left untreated, it increases the risk of serious problems such as heart attack and stroke

Hypertension has almost no obvious symptoms. However, if left untreated, it increases the risk of serious problems such as heart attack and stroke.
高血压 几乎 没有 明显的 症状。 但是，如果 不及时 治疗，会 增加 心脏病发作 和 中风 等 严重 问题的 风险。
# Earth orbits/Astronomy/Quiz

Earth-orbit astronomy is a lecture of radiation astronomy courses project that may be included in courses like principles of radiation astronomy.
You are free to take this quiz at any time.
Once you’ve read and studied the lecture itself, the links contained within the article/lecture, listed under See also, External links, and in the {{radiation astronomy resources}} template, you should have adequate background to get 100 %.
Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.
Enjoy learning by doing!

## Hypotheses

* Earth-orbit astronomy from sufficient altitude should be able to almost replace sounding rockets.
* The much lower cost of balloons or sounding rockets keeps them as a value.
# Earth Stewardship/LSOE

DO NOT EDIT THIS, PLEASE COPY IT AND THEN MAKE CHANGES TO YOUR OWN DOCUMENT.
Generate a Summary to go with each environmental case study, this is used to generate a summary for a local state of the environment report.
Answering the following questions to generate your LSOE report.
Each LSOE report should:
be written in a manner that non-specialists can understand; include a concise executive summary or highlights section; make reference to appropriate monitoring programs that are the source of ecological data (e.g. Surveys)and provide information for answering policy questions; and document the contributors to, and reviewers of, the report.
M-ICE debate routine after reciving the LSOE reports.
Academic debate using paltalk.
Generate a position paper.

## Writing a position paper after reciving data for transcribing of a Local State of the Environment Report.

State and define your public policy question (a public concern)
Provide an overview of the most current scientific understanding of the issue in question;
Examine the key trends within the issue and, where applicable, cross-links with other issues, and the significance of those trends;
Relate to the LSOE above and use any Survey data provided by an ESAI officer.
Describe the efforts of governments, industry, and others in addressing the issue of concern;
Include the scientific responses to the policy question, as part of its analysis and in its executive summary or highlights section;
Post the summarised data sheet. (Survey 3 and 4)
Include any indicators that track key trends in the issue being addressed, making use of relevant existing national environmental indicators; and
Include an analysis of environment-related changes since the last assessment, if applicable.
# Earth Stewardship/UK

Generate a Summary to go with each environmental case study, this is used to generate a summary for a local state of the environment report.
Answering the following questions and generate your LSOE report.
State and define your public policy question (a public concern)
Provide an overview of the most current scientific understanding of the issue in question;
Each LSOE report should:
be written in a manner that non-specialists can understand; include a concise executive summary or highlights section; make reference to appropriate monitoring programs that are potential sources of ecological data.
# Earth Stewardship/POOL

Generate a Summary to go with each environmental case study, this is used to generate a summary for a local state of the environment report.
Answering the following questions and generate your LSOE report.
State and define your public policy question (a public concern)
Provide an overview of the most current scientific understanding of the issue in question;
Each LSOE report should:
be written in a manner that non-specialists can understand; include a concise executive summary or highlights section; make reference to appropriate monitoring programs that are potential sources of ecological data.
# Earthquake performance simulation

Earthquake performance simulation is meant to study effect of earthquakes on building structures and is a practical way of seeing a thing to happen without it actually taking place in the same way. There are research institutions just devoted to earthquake performance simulations, like, e.g., The George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation or NEES.

## Physical earthquake performance simulation

The best way to do it is to put the structure on a shake-table that simulates the seismic loads and watch what may happen next (if you have no time to stand out in the field and wait for a real earthquake to strike, of course). The earliest experiments like this were performed more than a century ago

## Computational earthquake performance simulation

Another way is to evaluate the earthquake performance analytically. The very first earthquake simulations were performed by statically applying some horizontal inertia forces, based on scaled peak ground accelerations, to a mathematical model of a building. With the further development of computational technologies, statics approaches began to give way to dynamics ones.

## Earthquake performance animation

GIF animation of a seismic performance of building models at a variety of ground shaking may be an effective means of research and education.
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Early Fall/Orange Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a key.
* BCP/Tagetes patula
* BCP/Rudbeckia fulgida
* BCP/Tagetes erecta
* BCP/Cucurbita pepo
* BCP/Rudbeckia triloba
* BCP/Asclepias curassavica
* BCP/Rudbeckia hirta
* BCP/Papaver atlanticum
* BCP/Anagallis arvensis
* BCP/Zinnia violacea
* BCP/Viola tricolor
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Impatiens capensis
* BCP/Hemerocallis
* BCP/Dahlia
* BCP/Viola
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Early Fall/Brown Flowers

This page is part of the global dichotomous key for plants recorded as blooming in Early Fall.
These plants have the following traits:
   * Brown flowers
Viola x wittrockiana
| A Purple-flowered variety Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Viola x wittrockiana (Pansy) Identifying Characteristics Habit:Short-lived, low-growing perennial, with mostly cool season bloomsHigher taxa:Viola Recent Logs --Anna reg 12:12, 12 April 2010 (UTC) Anna reg 12:01, 27 March 2011 (UTC) Anna reg 16:35, 2 May 2011 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Spring, Mid Spring, Mid Summer, Early Fall, Mid Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
Chrysanthemum x morifolium
| Flowering plants Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Chrysanthemum x morifolium (Hardy Chrysanthemum, Mum) Identifying Characteristics Recent Logs --SB_Johnny | 13:00, 1 November 2007 (UTC) SB Johnny-LM 18:35, 17 November 2007 (UTC) SBJ 13:11, 29 November 2007 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 18:49, 5 December 2007 (UTC) --Juan 15:58, 11 December 2007 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Mid Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
Helenium autumnale
| Flowering plant Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Helenium autumnale (Sneezeweed) Identifying Characteristics Habit:erect, freely branching forb Recent Logs SB Johnny-LM 09:52, 8 September 2007 (UTC) --SB_Johnny | 11:12, 11 October 2007 (UTC) --SB_Johnny 09:54, 19 August 2008 (UTC) Ngravagna 22:36, 2 September 2008 (UTC) --SB_Johnny 11:38, 23 September 2008 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data:
Hemerocallis
| Flower of H. fulva, one of the most commonly encountered daylilies Wikipedia • Commons • Wikibooks (horticulture) • Wikibooks (subject) • Wikispecies • Fruit and seed clock | Profile for Hemerocallis (Daylily) Identifying Characteristics Habit:clumping herbaceous plantFlowers:3 petals and 3 sepals nearly equal. Each flower lasts only one day.Foliage:Basal, straplikeLife Cycle: Perennial Recent Logs Jomegat 04:43, 6 June 2009 (UTC) Jomegat 00:48, 22 July 2009 (UTC) (view all logs) |
Global data: Temperate zone season(s): Early Summer, Mid Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Early Fall/Green Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a key.
* BCP/Amaranthus blitoides
* BCP/Setaria
* BCP/Nicotiana langsdorfii
* BCP/Sicyos angulatus
* BCP/Artemisia vulgaris
* BCP/Polygonum perfoliatum
* BCP/Microstegium vimineum
* BCP/Digitaria
* BCP/Amaranthus retroflexus
* BCP/Ambrosia artemisiifolia
* BCP/Mollugo verticillata
* BCP/Ambrosia trifida
* BCP/Alchemilla mollis
* BCP/Chenopodium album
* BCP/Acalypha rhomboidea
# Bloom Clock/Keys/Global/Temperate/Early Fall/Purple Flowers/DPL

This page is used to help create a key.
* BCP/Angelonia angustifolia
* BCP/Nepeta cataria
* BCP/Geranium sanguineum
* BCP/Lavandula pinnata
* BCP/Lythrum salicaria
* BCP/Petunia x hybrida
* BCP/Platycodon grandiflorus
* BCP/Perovskia atriplicifolia
* BCP/Buddleja davidii
* BCP/Aster lateriflorus
* BCP/Vernonia noveboracensis
* BCP/Aster tataricus
* BCP/Torenia fournieri
* BCP/Clematis
* BCP/Rosmarinus officinalis
* BCP/Phlox paniculata
* BCP/Cirsium arvense
* BCP/Callicarpa
* BCP/Cleome hassleriana
* BCP/Mentha spicata
* BCP/Lavandula angustifolia
* BCP/Hibiscus syriacus
* BCP/Zinnia violacea
* BCP/Salvia leucantha
* BCP/Nepeta x faassenii
* BCP/Impatiens walleriana
* BCP/Perilla frutescens
* BCP/Echinacea purpurea
* BCP/Arctium lappa
* BCP/Lathyrus odoratus
* BCP/Salvia nemorosa
* BCP/Coleus
* BCP/Agastache foeniculum
* BCP/Vinca sardoa
* BCP/Salvia vanhouttei
* BCP/Eupatorium purpureum
* BCP/Solanum dulcamara
* BCP/Vinca minor
* BCP/Hesperis matronalis
* BCP/Liatris spicata
* BCP/Prunella vulgaris
* BCP/Aster novae-angliae
* BCP/Trifolium pratense
* BCP/Viola tricolor
* BCP/Viola x wittrockiana
* BCP/Securigera varia
* BCP/Achillea sibirica
* BCP/Hemerocallis
* BCP/Cirsium vulgare
* BCP/Salvia guaranitica
* BCP/Salvia verticillata
* BCP/Lagerstroemia indica
* BCP/Dahlia
* BCP/Verbena hastata
* BCP/Viola
* BCP/Dianthus