# Helping Give Away Psychological Science/What We Wish They Knew: 13 Reasons Why

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13 Reasons Why (stylized onscreen as Th1rteen R3asons Why) is an American drama-mystery web television series based on the 2007 novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher and adapted by Brian Yorkey for Netflix. The series revolves around a high school student, Clay Jensen, and his friend Hannah Baker, a girl who died by suicide after suffering a series of demoralizing circumstances brought on by select individuals at her school. A box of cassette tapes recorded by Hannah before her suicide details thirteen reasons why she ended her life.
While the TV series indeed serves as a "conversation starter" concerning mental illness and suicide, there is concern for whether it lays the groundwork for a productive conversation. There are many troubling elements of the TV series, including its failure to demonstrate the availability of adequate, evidence-based mental healthcare and counseling. According to the NIMH, suicide is the second leading cause of death for 15-34 year-olds and the third leading cause of death for people aged 10-14. The NIMH also estimates that 20% of children will develop a mental health disorder in their lifetime, affecting 17.1 million children. Suicide and mental health disorders are significant risks to adolescents, many of whom have watched the 13 Reasons Why series. Thus, it is critical that resources be provided in order to better educate audiences about the themes in this series and address the negatively framed depiction of mental health treatment in the series.
For more information about Hannah Baker from a clinician's point of view including her diagnosis, treatment, what to look for, resources for individual's struggling with depression, suicidal ideation, self-harm, or family/friends of loved ones struggling, how to help someone like Hannah, and evidence-based assessment for someone like Hannah Baker please visit:
Hannah Baker's Evidence-Based Assessment Vignette
| Themes | Key Resources |
| Suicide | National Suicide Prevention Lifeline Crisis Textline Youth Suicide Prevention LGBTQ+ Suicide Prevention American Foundation for Suicide Prevention The Trevor Project |
| Sexual assault | National Sexual Assault Hotline Call 1-800-656-4673 or Online Chat National Teen Dating Abuse Online Helpline Call 1-866-331-9474 or Text loveis to 22522 or Online Chat |
| Bullying | George Lucas Educational Foundation- Resources to fight bullying and harassment at school Stopbullying.gov- Get help now for bullying The Bully Project- Tools and resources for bullying Online SOS a nonprofit providing confidential, professional support to individuals experiencing online harassment |
If you click on one of the themes in the table above, you can find a list of resources related to the topic. An in-depth look at the themes in each episode in the sections that follow.

## How to Access Mental Health Care and Treatment

Find a CBT specialist
APA Therapist locator

## How to get help now

National Hopeline 1-800-442-4673
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-8255
Ted talk link: https://www.ted.com/talks/kevin_breel_confessions_of_a_depressed_comic

## How to Help Someone Like Hannah

When someone is struggling with suicidal thoughts, depression, or mental illness it is important to approach the situation a certain way, not like Mr. Porter did with Hannah Baker. Below are some resources to help you get a friend, family member, colleague, acquaintance or partner to a stable point or out of dangers way before getting them connected to professional help.
* Here is an infographic describing 5 mental health first aid steps on how to assess for risks, listen non-judgmentally, encourage professional help and self-help: Helping Someone At Risk
* Here is an infographic describing common warning signs for people experiencing suicidal ideation: Warning Signs for Suicidal Ideation
* Infographic on what is best to say and what you shouldn't say to a friend experiencing depression: 13 Things To Say & 13 Things Not To Say To A Friend With Depression
* Click this link to see what to look for to help you assess for risk: What to look for

## Season 1
### Episode 1: Tape 1, Side A

* Resources from the Mayo Clinic on how to deal with emotions that can surface due to the event as well as healthy coping strategies.
** https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/end-of-life/in-depth/suicide/art-20044900?pg=1
* This resource addresses similar coping strategies and how to seek support from others/ how to help a friend who might be struggling with a loss due to suicide.
** https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/suicide-survivors-face-grief-questions-challenges-201408127342
* 1-800-273-8255 National Suicide Hotline (can be made specific for cyberbullying)
* 1-866-488-7386 LGBTQ Help Hotline
* Stop Bullying Now Hotline 1-800-273-8255 available 24/7
** https://www.cybersmile.org/advice-help/category/who-to-call
* https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/prevention/index.html
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/cyberbullying.htm
* http://www.cyberbullyhotline.com
* https://cyberbullying.org/get-help
* Spreading compromising pictures is harmful. The resource below has ideas for how teens and parents can help individuals struggling with the effects of cyberbullying and how to prevent it.
** http://www.connectsafely.org/tips-for-dealing-with-teen-sexting/

### Episode 2: Tape 1, Side B

* SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration)
** National Helpline 1-800-662-4357 available 24/7
* Crisis Text Line : Text "HOME" to 741741
* https://www.nami.org/learn-more/mental-health-conditions/depression/support
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/helping-someone-with-depression.htm
* Anxiety and Depression Association of America 1-240-485-1001
* https://www.cybersmile.org/advice-help/category/who-to-call
* Bully Project Tools for Educators
** https://www.cybersmile.org/advice-help/category/who-to-call
* Bully Project Tools for Students
** http://www.thebullyproject.com/tools_students
* Bully Project Tools for Parents
** http://www.thebullyproject.com/parents
* http://www.voicesofyouth.org/en/posts/how-to-avoid-being-bullied
* http://www.stompoutbullying.org/information-and-resources/about-bullying-and-cyberbullying/are-you-being-bullied
* https://www.stopbullying.gov/what-you-can-do/teens/index.html
* https://www.ncab.org.au/bullying-advice/bullying-for-parents/types-of-bullying/
* Crisis Text Line: Text Hello to 741741
** https://www.crisistextline.org/get-help/bullying
* https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Resource_Centers/Bullying_Resource_Center/Home.aspx
* National Domestic Violence Hotline 1-800-799-7233
* Domestic Violence Resource Center 503-469-8620
** https://www.dvrc-or.org/community-resources/
* The Gateway Center for Domestic Violence Services 503-988-6400
* National Dating Abuse Helpline 1-866-331-9474
** https://www.thehotline.org/
* https://www.joinonelove.org/signs-unhealthy-relationship/
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/domestic-violence-and-abuse.htm
* http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/abuse.html
* https://youth.gov/youth-topics/teen-dating-violence/characteristics
* SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) National Hotline 1-800-662-4357
** https://www.samhsa.gov/
* https://alcoholaddictioncenter.org/alcoholism-resources/
* https://drughelpline.org/
* https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/treatment/what-to-do-if-you-have-problem-drugs-teens-young-adults
* National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information 1-800-729-6686
* National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence 1-800-622-2255
* https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/treatment/what-to-do-if-you-have-problem-drugs-teens-young-adults
* https://www.alcoholrehabguide.org/resources/
* https://www.cdc.gov/features/teen-substance-use/index.html
* https://www.addictionsandrecovery.org/addiction-recovery-links.htm
* https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov

### Episode 3: Tape 2, Side A

* see above
* https://medlineplus.gov/teenviolence.html
* https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviolence/fastfact.html
* https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Understanding-Violent-Behavior-In-Children-and-Adolescents-055.aspx
* see above
* https://psychcentral.com/grief
* The Dougy National Center for Grieving Children and Families
** https://www.dougy.org/grief-resources/
* Hospice Foundation of America
** https://hospicefoundation.org/Grief-(1)
* http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/grief.aspx
* https://www.bereavedparentsusa.org
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/grief/coping-with-grief-and-loss.htm
* https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/how-to-report/index.html
* Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network
* National Sexual Assault Hotline 1-800-656-4673
* National Street Harassment Hotline 1-855-897-5910
* National Sex Offender Public Website
* National Teen Dating Abuse Online Helpline
* Rape Culture and Victim Blaming
** http://www.southernct.edu/sexual-misconduct/facts.html
* https://www.nsvrc.org/about-sexual-assault
* https://www.rainn.org/state-state-guide-statutes-limitations

### Episode 4: Tape 2, Side B

* http://www.actionagainststalking.org/dealing-with-your-stalker.html
* http://thelawdictionary.org/article/how-to-deal-with-a-stalker/
* Call 911 if you are experience a suicidal emergency
* National Suicide Prevention Hotline 1-800-273-8255
* Crisis TextLine - text HOME to 741741
** https://www.crisistextline.org/get-help/suicide
* Counseling Access to Lethal Means (CALM)
** https://www.sprc.org/resources-programs/calm-counseling-access-lethal-means
* American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
** https://afsp.org/about-suicide/risk-factors-and-warning-signs/
** https://afsp.org/find-support/ive-lost-someone
* https://www.suicidology.org/Resources/Crisis-Centers
* http://lifelineforattemptsurvivors.org/
* https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention/index.shtml
* https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-faq/index.shtml
* see above
* see above

### Episode 5: Tape 3, Side A:

* The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender National Hotline 1-888-843-4564
* GLBT National Youth Talkline (for youth through age 25) 1-800-246-7743
* Pride Institute 1-800-547-7433
* https://prideresourcecenter.colostate.edu/resources/coming-out-to-your-parents/
* https://case.edu/lgbt/resources/safe-zone-resources/comingout/
* https://www.thetrevorproject.org/about/programs-services/coming-out-as-you/#sm.0002l4zsy17a6dp0xcy1ulwb582op
* https://uwm.edu/lgbtrc/support/coming-out/
* https://www.glaad.org/resourcelist
* https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/gay-and-lesbian-well-being/201104/what-do-when-your-child-says-im-gay
* PFLAG (Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays)
** http://www.pflag.org/policystatements
* see above
* see above

### Episode 6: Tape 3, Side B

* see above
* see above
* National Domestic Violence Hotline1-800-799-SAFE (7233)
* National Child Abuse Hotline1-800-422-4453
* https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/divorce.html

### Episode 7: Tape 4, Side A

* see above
* see above
* see above
* https://childmind.org/article/how-to-help-your-depressed-teenager/
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/parents-guide-to-teen-depression.htm
* http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/depression-teens
* https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/five_ways_parents_can_help_prevent_teen_depression

### Episode 8: Tape 4, Side B

* http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress-teens.aspx
* http://campusmindworks.org/students/self_care/managing_stress.asp
* https://www.learnpsychology.org/student-stress-anxiety-guide/

### Episode 9: Tape 5, Side A

* see above
* see above
* The National Child Traumatic Stress Network
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/ptsd-trauma/coping-with-emotional-and-psychological-trauma.htm
* http://www.istss.org/public-resources/what-is-childhood-trauma/effects-of-childhood-trauma.aspx
* https://www.verywellmind.com/shooting-ptsd-from-a-shooting-2797200
* see above
* https://www.rainn.org/about-national-sexual-assault-telephone-hotline
* https://www.rainn.org/national-resources-sexual-assault-survivors-and-their-loved-ones
* https://www.d2l.org/get-help/national-resources/
* https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/sexualviolence/resources.html
* https://www.nsopw.gov/en-US/Education/HelpSupport?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1
* http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/parents-fight.html
* http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/parents-fight.html
* http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/fight.html

### Episode 10: Tape 5, Side B

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 11: Tape 6, Side A

* see above
* see above
* https://psychcentral.com/blog/5-tips-for-dealing-with-guilt/
* see above
* https://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-development/healthy-relationships/index.html
* https://www.heysigmund.com/toxic-parent/
* http://www.istss.org/public-resources/what-is-childhood-trauma/effects-of-childhood-trauma.aspx

### Episode 12: Tape 6, Side B

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* https://publichealth.wustl.edu/gun-violence-initiative/gunviolence-resources/
* https://www.hrc.org/resources/gun-violence-prevention
* https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/arms-control/gun-violence/
* https://theinvisiblescar.wordpress.com/suggestions-for-adult-survivors/
* https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/culturally-speaking/201303/overcoming-the-pain-childhood-abuse-and-neglect

### Episode 13: Tape 7, Side A

* see above
* see above
* https://www.crimestoppersusa.org/programs/crime-stoppers-in-the-schools/
* https://wetip.com/anonymous-school-tip-line/
* https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/school-climate-safety-and-crisis/school-violence-resources
* https://www.pta.org/home/family-resources/safety/School-Safety
* https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviolence/schoolviolence/fastfact.html
* https://www.ncab.org.au/bullying-advice/bullying-for-parents/types-of-bullying/
* Lifeline -- Call Lifeline (131114) for Help
** https://www.lifeline.org.au/get-help/topics/self-harm
* https://www.smartrecovery.org/5-ways-to-deal-with-urges-and-cravings/
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/anxiety/cutting-and-self-harm.htm
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK126779/
* https://www.befrienders.org/how-to-support-someone-who-self-h
* https://www.lifeline.org.au/get-help/topics/self-harm
* https://clinicalchildpsychology.org/search-a-child-psychologist
* http://effectivechildtherapy.org/tips-tools/advice-for-selecting-a-psychologist/
* see above

## Season 2
### Episode 1: The First Polaroid

* National Suicide Prevention Hotline: 1-800-273-8255
* Crisis Text Line: Text TALK to 741741 to text with a trained crisis counselor for free, 24/7.
* see above for further resources
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 2: Two Girls Kissing

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* Consider couples therapy. A therapist may be a helpful mediator that serves to help you both resolve current areas of disagreement.
* https://psychcentral.com/blog/6-steps-to-help-couples-overcome-relationship-stumbles/

### Episode 3: The Drunk Slut

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 4: The Second Polaroid

* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 5: The Chalk Machine

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 6: The Smile at the End of the Dock

* see above

### Episode 7: The Third Polaroid

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* https://www.womansdivorce.com/state-divorce-resources.html
* https://www.divorcecare.org/findagroup
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/parenting-family/children-and-divorce.htm/

### Episode 8: The Little Girl

* see above
* see above

### Episode 9: The Missing Page

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 10: Smile, Bitches!

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 11: Bryce and Chloe

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 12: The Box of Polaroids

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 13: Bye

* see above
* see above
* see above
* Free Teen Pregnancy Hotline 1-800-672-2296
* https://americanpregnancy.org/unplanned-pregnancy/pregnant-teen/
* https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/dating-sex/Pages/Teenage-Pregnancy.aspx
* https://www.healthyteennetwork.org/teens/resources-pregnant-parenting-teens/

## Season 3
### Episode 1: Yeah. I'm the New Girl

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* Evidence-based treatments for anxiety in adolescents
* https://www.psycom.net/hidden-signs-teen-anxiety/
* Seek professional therapy services to learn coping skills for anxiety
* see above

### Episode 2: If You're Breathing, You're a Liar

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 3: The Good Person is Indistinguishable From the Bad

* see above
* https://psychcentral.com/ask-the-therapist/2015/12/31/homicidal-thoughts/
* https://psychcentral.com/ask-the-therapist/2016/02/21/i-need-help-for-my-homicidal-thoughts/
* https://psychcentral.com/ask-the-therapist/2018/08/07/having-suicidal-and-homicidal-thoughts/
* see above

### Episode 4: Angry, Young and Man

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 5: Nobody's Clean

* see above
* National Eating Disorders Association Hotline 1-800-931-2237
* https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/
* https://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/recovery/self-help-tools-skills-tips/self-soothing-advice
* https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders/index.shtml
* Office from US Dept. of Health and Human Services on Women’s Health Hotline 1-800-994-9662
* https://www.eatingdisorder.org/eating-disorder-information/online-self-assessment/
* Narcotics Anonymous 1-818-773-9999
* SAMHSA Hotline 1-800-662-4357
* https://www.hhs.gov/opioids/
* https://www.na.org/meetingsearch/
* https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prescription-drug-abuse/in-depth/how-opioid-addiction-occurs/art-20360372
* https://familydoctor.org/condition/opioid-addiction/
* see above
* see above

### Episode 6: You Can tell the Heart of a Man by How He Grieves

* US Citizenship and Immigration Center 1-800-375-5283
* https://www.dhs.gov/general-immigration-resources
* https://www.dhs.gov/employment-based-immigration-resources
* https://www.dhs.gov/humanitarian-based-immigration-resources
* https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/learners/find-help-your-community
* https://www.immigrationadvocates.org

### Episode 7: There Are a Number of Problems With Clay Jensen

* see above
* SAMHSA Hotline 1-800-662-4357
* Crisis Text Line Text HOME to 741741
* https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/anger-management/about/pac-20385186
* http://icallhelpline.org/chat-counseling/
* https://www.nami.org/find-support/nami-helpline
* see above

### Episode 8: In High School, Even on a Good Day, It's Hard to Tell Who's on Your Side

* see above
* see above

### Episode 9: Always Waiting for the Next Bad News

* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 10: The World Closing In

* Crime Stoppers USA 1-800-222-8477
* School-Based Crime Stoppers
* https://wetip.com/anonymous-school-tip-line/
* https://cops.usdoj.gov/buildingtrust
* National Sleep Foundation 1-703-243-1697
** https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment
* National Center on Sleep Disorders Research 1-301-435-0199
* American Academy of Sleep Medicine 1-630-737-9700
* https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/Resources/Looking-After-Yourself/Sleep
* https://medlineplus.gov/insomnia.html
* https://aasm.org/resources/factsheets/insomnia.pdf
* Stress and Health
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/stress-symptoms-signs-and-causes.htm
* https://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/stress-management.htm
* https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/stress/index.shtml
* https://www.stress.org/memberships
* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 11: There Are a Few Things I Haven't Told You

* see above
* see above
* see above

### Episode 12: And Then the Hurricane Hit

* see above
* Seek help from school counselors and school social workers
* https://www.mentalhealth.gov/talk/educators
* http://www.acmh-mi.org/get-help/navigating/problems-at-school/
* https://www.wgu.edu/heyteach/article/importance-mental-health-awareness-schools1810.html
* https://wetip.com/anonymous-school-tip-line/
* see above
* Center for Women and Families 1-844-237-2331
* Battered Women's Justice Project 1-800-903-0111
* Legal Momentum's Immigrant Women Program 202-326-0004
* National Sexual Assault Helpline 1-800-656-4673
* National Organization for Women 202-628-8669
* https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/womens-human-rights/
* https://www.aclu.org/issues/womens-rights
* https://www.womenforwomen.org/contact-us
* see above

### Episode 13: Let the Dead Bury the Dead

* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* see above
* ↑ "NIMH » Suicide". www.nimh.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-02.
* ↑ "Mental Health First Aid: Helping Those Experiencing a Mental Health Crisis | Hartford HealthCare Medical Group". hartfordhealthcaremedicalgroup.org. Retrieved 2019-02-08.
* ↑ Kim, Hannah; Choplin, Emma; Commodore, Ellison; Vincent, Caroline (2019-02-07). Mental Health First Aid (in en). doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/2NCZ3. https://osf.io/2ncz3/.
* ↑ Schimelpfening, Nancy. "What to Say When Someone Is Depressed". Verywell Mind. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
* ↑ "ScienceDirect". www.sciencedirect.com. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.09.001. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
* ↑ read, Psych Central Staff Last updated: 8 Oct 2018~ 3 min (2016-05-17). "Worst Things to Say to Someone Who's Depressed". Psych Central. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
* ↑ Ironside, V. (1999, Feb 04). Dilemmas: Can I help my depressed friend? The Independent Retrieved from http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/312811431?accountid=14244
* ↑ "ScienceDirect". www.sciencedirect.com. doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.11.001. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
* ↑ "SAGE Journals: Your gateway to world-class journal research". SAGE Journals. doi:10.1177/1049732312450367. Retrieved 2019-02-28.