OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Abduction

See also Abduction on Wikipedia; Abduction in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
​Abduction, a law term denoting the forcible or fraudulent removal of a person, limited by custom to the case where a woman is the victim. In the case of men or children, it has been usual to substitute the term Kidnapping (q.v.) The old severe laws against abduction, generally contemplating its object as the possession of an heiress and her fortune, have been repealed by 24 and 25 Vict. c. 100, s. 53, which makes it felony for any one from motives of lucre to take away or detain against her will, with intent to marry or carnally know her, &c., any woman of any age who has any interest in any real or personal estate, or is an heiress presumptive, or co-heiress, or presumptive next of kin to any one having such an interest; or for any one to cause such a woman to be married or carnally known by any other person; or for any one with such intent to allure, take away, or detain any such woman under the age of twenty-one, out of the possession and against the will of her parents or guardians. By s. 54, forcible taking away or detention against her will of any woman of any age with like intent is felony. Even without such intent, abduction of any unmarried girl under the age of sixteen is a misdemeanour. In Scotland, where there is no statutory adjustment, abduction is similarly dealt with by practice.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dolgelly

See also Dolgellau on Wikipedia; Dolgellau at Wikipedia; Dolgelley in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
DOLGELLY, a market and assize town of Merionethshire, North Wales, situated at the junction of the Aran with the Wnion, and at the northern base of Cader Idris, 19 miles S.W. of Bala and 9 miles E. of Barmouth, with both of which it is connected by railway. The town consists of a series of small squares and narrow streets, the houses being built of stone. It contains a market hall, assize hall, county gaol, and parish church. An old building, described as the Parliament House, is said to have been the place in which Owen Glendower assembled his parliament in 1404. Dolgelly, which is the principal town of Merionethshire, forms a local board district. There is an inconsiderable manufacture of coarse flannels and tweeds carried on by the inhabitants. Population in 1871, 2357.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dill

See also Dill on Wikipedia; Dill on Wikipedia, Dill in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer. See also Anise and Botany.
DILL (Anethum), a genus of umbelliferous plants having decompound leaves ; umbels without involucre ; yellow flowers, with calices incomplete above ; and lenticular fruit, compressed from back to front, flattened at the margin, and presenting on each side three ridges. The common species, A. yraveolens, is indigenous to the south of Europe, Egypt, and the Cape of Good Hope. It resembles fennel in appearance. Its root is long and fusiform ; the stem is round, jointed, and about a yard high ; the leaves have fragrant folioles ; and the fruits are brown, oval, and concavo-convex. The plant flowers from June till August in England. The seeds are sown, preferably as soon as ripe, either broadcast or in drills between 6 and 12 inches asunder. The young plants should be thinned when three or four weeks old, so as to be at distances of about 10 inches. A sheltered spot and dry soil are needed for the production of the seed in the climate of England. The leaves of the dill are used in soups and sauces, and, as well as the umbels, for flavouring pickles. The seeds are employed for the preparation of dill-water and oil of dill (valued for their carminative properties), are largely consumed in the manufacture of gin, and, when ground, are eaten as a condiment in the East. See Botany, vol. iv. p. 123.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dewberry

See also Dewberry on Wikipedia; Dewberry on Wikipedia, Dewberry in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​DEWBERRY, Rubus ccesius, a deciduous trailing planf, allied to the bramble, of the natural order JRosacece. It is common in woods, hedges, and the borders of fields in England and other countries of Europe. The leaves are trifoliate, hairy beneath, and of a dusky green ; tha flowers, which appear in June and July, are white, or pala rose-coloured. The fruit is large, and closely embraced by the calyx, and consists of few grains, which are black, with a glaucous bloom ; it has an agreeable acid taste, and is used for making a kind of wine.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dewsbury

See also Dewsbury on Wikipedia; Dewsbury on Wikipedia, Dewsbury in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​DEWSBURY, a market-town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, situated at the foot of a hill, on the left bank of the Calder, eight miles S. by W. of Leeds, on the Manchester and Leeds railway. The chief industries are the making of blankets, carpets, druggets, and worsted yarn. A mile from the town is Batley, the centre of the shoddy manufacture. Coal is worked in the neighbour hood of Dewsbury. The parish church of All Saints was for the most part rebuilt in the latter half of the 18th century ; the portions still preserved of the original structure are of great antiquity. Paulinus, first archbishop of York, about the year 627 preached in the district of Dewsbury, where Edwin, king of Northumbria, whom he converted to Christianity, had a royal mansion. Dewsbury is said to have been originally called Duis burgh, or the town of Dui, the tutelar god of the Brigantes. At Kirklees, in the parish of Dewsbury, is the tomb of Robin Hood. The population of the municipal borough of Dews- bury in 1851 was 14,019; in 1871 it was 24,764, while that of the parliamentary borough, which has an extended area, was 54,940. The municipal charter of the town was granted in 1862. It returns one member to Parliament.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dextrin

See also Dextrin on Wikipedia; Dextrin on Wikipedia, Dextrine in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​DEXTRIN, or British gum, C 6 H 10 O 5 , is a substance produced from starch by the action of dilute acids, alkalies, and diastase or malt extract, and by roasting it at a temperature between 140 and 160 C. (284-320 Fahr.) till it is of a light brown colour, and smells like over-baked bread. Its name has reference to its powerful dextro-rotatory action on polarized light. The purest dextrin is prepared by boiling 25 parts of sulphuric acid with 125 of water, and adding by degrees a mixture of 100 parts of starch and 125 of cold water. The liquid is then lowered in temperature to 60 or 70 C. (H0-158 Fahr.), at which it is kept for some time ; it is next neutralized with chalk, filtsred, and evaporated. Dextrin is an uncrystallizable, insipid, odourless, yellowish-white, translucent substance, brit^e and friable when thoroughly dried. It dissolves in water and dilute alcohol ; by strong alcohol it is pre cipitated from its solutions as the hydrated compound, pe^io^s-HpO. Unlike starch it is not coloured blue by iodine. Diastase converts it eventually into maltose, C 12 H 22 U ; and by boiling with dilute acids and alkalies it is transformed into dextrose, or ordinary glucose, C 6 H 12 0,5. It does not ferment in contact with yeast, 1 and in the pure state has probably no reducing action on an alkaline copper solution. If heated with strong nitric acid it gives oxalic, and not mucic acid. Limpricht has shown that dextrin is present in the flesh-juice of the horse. Dextrin much resembles gum arabic, instead of which it is generally substituted for a great variety of purposes. It is employed for sizing paper, for stiffening cotton goods, and for thickening colours in calico printing, also in the making of lozenges, adhesive stamps and labels, and surgical bandages. In most technical operations the crude solution only is used.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dew

See also Dew on Wikipedia; Dew on Wikipedia, Dew in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
DEW. See Meteorology.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Diego Payva d'Andrada

See also Diogo de Paiva de Andrade on Wikipedia; Diego Andrada de Payva at Wikipedia, Diego de Paiva de Andrada in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
ANDRADA, Diego Payva d' (born at Coimbra in 1528, died 1575), a learned Portuguese theologian, who distinguished himself at the Council of Trent, to which he was sent by king Sebastian. He wrote seven volumes of sermons, besides several other works, one of which, De Conciliorum Auctoritate, was much esteemed at Rome for the great extension of authority it accorded to the Pope. His Defensio Tridentince Fidei, a rare and curious work, in which he discusses, among other subjects, immaculate conception, was published posthumously (1578).
# Duff v. Sterling Pump Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
107 U.S. 636
Duff v. Sterling Pump Company
L. L. Bond, for appellants.
No counsel for appellees.
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dufau v. Couprey/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
31 U.S. 170
Dufau v. Couprey
There were two pleas by the defendant: 1. That the defendant was not indebted to the plaintiff. 2. That the subject matter of the suit was res adjudicata. The former plea was triable by the jury; the latter by the court. There was a trial by the jury of the issue, and the jury found a verdict for the defendant. Upon the plea of 'res adjudicata' there does not appear to have been any replication or denial, so as to make any issue to the court. There is nothing on the record

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Duffy v. Central Railroad Company of New Jersey

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
268 U.S. 55
Duffy v. Central Railroad Company of New Jersey
Argued: April 13, 1925. ---
The Attorney General and Mr. Alfred A. Wheat. of New York City, for petitioner.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 56-57 intentionally omitted]
Mr. C. E. Miller, of New York City, for respondent.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 58-60 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Duffy v. Mutual Ben Life Insurance Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
272 U.S. 613
Duffy v. Mutual Ben Life Insurance Company
Argued: Oct. 21, 22, 1926. --- Decided: Nov 29, 1926
The Attorney General, and Mr. Alfred A. Wheat, of Washington, D. C., for petitioner.
Messrs. Charles E. Hughes, of New York City, and John O. H. Pitney, of Newark, N. J., for respondent.
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dufau v. Couprey

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
31 U.S. 170
Dufau v. Couprey
ERROR to the district court of the eastern district of Louisiana.
Mr Livingston, for the plaintiff in error, stated that the record showed that the proceedings in the district court were according to the practice in Louisiana, and not according to the course of the common law. There were two issues and a denial of the debt; and this was tried by a jury; the other on an allegation of a former recovery. The latter was an issue at law, and could not be submitted to a jury; but was for the decision of the court.
But the decision of the jury was given in general terms, and it cannot therefore be ascertained but that they found their verdict on the plea of the former judgment, and not on the issue of fact. On an examination of the record, it will appear, that the former judgment did not decide the question between the parties.
Mr Chief Justice MARSHALL delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir Charles Wyville Thomson

See also Charles Wyville Thomson on Wikipedia; Sir Charles Wyville Thomson in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
See obituary notice in Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., 1883, also Thomson's Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, London, 1877, and Thomson and Murray, Reports of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, Edinburgh, 1885.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir Edmund Anderson

See also Edmund Anderson (judge) on Wikipedia; Edmund Anderson and Anderson's Reports at Wikipedia, Sir Edmund Anderson in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
ANDERSON, Sir Edmund, a younger son of an ancient Scottish family settled in Lincolnshire, was born at Broughton or Flixborough about 1540, and died in 1605. He was some time a student of Lincoln College, Oxford, and removed from thence to the Inner Temple, where he applied himself diligently to the study of the law, and became a barrister. In 1582 he was made lord chief-justice of the common pleas, and in the year following was knighted. He was one of the commissioners appointed to try Queen Mary of Scotland in 1586. His works are—1. Reports of many principal Cases argued and adjudged in the time of Queen Elizabeth in the Common Bench, Lond. 1644, fol.; 2. Resolutions and Judgments on all the Cases and Matters agitated in all Courts of Westminster in the latter end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Lond. 1655, 4to.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer-Lytton

See also Edward Bulwer-Lytton on Wikipedia; Edward Bulwer-Lytton at Wikipedia; Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton, in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
BULWER-LYTTON, Sir Edward George Earle Lytton (1806-73), brother of the preceding, created a peer, under the title of Baron Lytton, in 1866. See Lytton.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir Alexander Burnes

See also Alexander Burnes on Wikipedia; Sir Alexander Burnes in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
​BURNES, Sir Alexander (1805–1841), a traveller in Central Asia, was born at Montrose in 1805. While serving in India, in the army of the East India Company, which he had joined in his seventeenth year, he made himself acquainted with Hindostani and Persian, and thus obtained an appointment as interpreter at Surat in 1822. Transferred to Cutch in 1826 as assistant to the political agent, he turned his attention more particularly to the history and geography of North-Western India and the adjacent countries, which at that time were very imperfectly known. His proposal in 1829 to undertake a journey of exploration through the valley of the Indus was not carried out owing to political apprehensions; but in 1831 he was sent to Lahore with a present of horses from King William to the Rajah Rungit Sing, and took advantage of the opportunity for extensive investigations. In the following years his travels were extended through Afghanistan, across the Hindu Kush to Bokhara and Persia. The narrative which he published on his visit to England in 1834 added immensely to our knowledge of the countries traversed, and was one of the most popular books of the time. The first edition brought the author the sum of £800, and his services were recognized not only by the Royal Geographical Society of London, but also by that of Paris. Soon after his return to India in 1835 he was appointed to the court of Sindh to secure a treaty for the navigation of the Indus; and in 1836 he undertook a political mission to Dost Mohammed at Cabul. On the restoration of Shah Shujah in 1839, he became regular political agent at Cabul, and remained there till his assassination in 1841 (November 2), during the heat of an insurrection. The calmness with which he continued at his post, long after the imminence of his danger was apparent, gives an heroic colouring to the close of an honourable and devoted life. A narrative of his later labours was published in 1842 under the title of Cabool.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir Colin Campbell

See also Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde, at Wikipedia; Colin Campbell, Baron Clyde, in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
CAMPBELL, Sir Colin. See Clyde, Lord.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Simon Grynæus

See also Simon Grynaeus on Wikipedia; Simon Grynaeus on Wikipedia, Simon Grynaeus in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​GRYNÆUS, Simon (1493-1541), a learned theologian of the Reformation, was born in 1493 at Vehringen, in his fourteenth year was sent to school at Pforzheim, and sub sequently studied at the university of Vienna, where he graduated as master of arts, and for some time acted as tutor. He next became rector of a school at Ofen (Buda), but as an avowed sympathizer with Reuchlin and Erasmus lie was not permitted by the Dominicans to retain this post long. After an interval spent at Wittenberg with his old school friend Melanchthon, he became professor of Greek in the university of Heidelberg in 1525; with the duties of this post he from 1526 combined those also of the Latin chair. In 1529 the friendship of CEcolampadius obtained for him a call to Basel as successor of Erasmus ; the com pletely disorganized state of the university at that time gave him abundant leisure not only for private study but also for a tour to England, where he charged himself with the task of obtaining the opinions of the Reformed theologians upon the subject of the king s divorce. On his return to Basel in 1531, the year of the death both of Zwingli and of CEcolampadius, he began as theological professor to give exegetical lectures on the New Testament ; and in 1534 he was summoned by Duke Ulrich of Wiirtemberg to assist in the reformation there, and especially in the reorganization of the university of Tiibingen. In 1536 he took an active part in the framing of the first Helvetic confession, and also in the conferences held with the purpose of inducing the Swiss to accept the concord of Wittenberg, which had also been drawn up in that year. He was the sole repre sentative of the Swiss churches at the conference of Worms in 1540. His death took place suddenly at Basel on August 1, 1541. In Greek philology Grynseus was one of the first scholars of his day. In theology he was more of a theoretical than of a practical turn ; but his profound erudition and singularly penetrating judgment gave him great influence among the more active spirits of the time. In literature his chief contributions were translations into Latin of Plutarch, Aristotle, and Chrysostom. See Streu- ber s Simonis Gryncei Epistolce (1847), where a full list of his works is given.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sir George Hayter

See also George Hayter on Wikipedia; George Hayter on Wikipedia, Sir George Hayter in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
HAYTER, Sir George (1789–1871), principal painter in ordinary to the queen, was the son of a popular drawing-master and teacher of perspective who published a well-known introduction to perspective and other works. The son was born in London, and in his early youth went to sea. He afterwards studied in the Royal Academy, became a miniature-painter, and was appointed in 1815 miniature-painter to the Princess Charlotte. He passed some years in Italy, more especially in Rome, returned to London towards 1826, resumed portrait-painting, now chiefly in oil-colour, executed many likenesses of the royal family, and attained such a reputation for finish and refinement in his work that he received the appointment of principal painter, and teacher of drawing to the princesses. In 1842 he was knighted. He painted various works on a large scale of a public and semi-historical character, but essentially works of portraiture; such as The Trial of Queen Caroline (189 likenesses), The Meeting of the First Reformed Parliament, now in the National Portrait Gallery, Queen Victoria taking the Coronation-oath (accounted his finest production), The Marriage of the Queen, and the Trial of Lord William Russell. The artistic merits of Hayter’s works are not, however, such as to preserve to him with posterity an amount of prestige corresponding to that which court patronage procured him. He is not to be confounded with a contemporary artist, John Hayter, who produced illustrations for the Book of Beauty, &c.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Simone Cantarini

See also Simone Cantarini on Wikipedia; Simone Cantarini at Wikipedia; Simone Cantarini in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
CANTARINI, Simone (1612-1648), called Simone da Pesaro, a painter and etcher, was born at Oropezza near Pesaro in 1612. He was a disciple of Guido, and a fellow-student of Domenichino and Albano. The irritability of his temper and his vanity were extreme; and it is said that his death, which took place at Verona in 1648, was occasioned by chagrin at his failure in a portrait of the duke of Mantua. Others relate that he was poisoned by a Mantuan painter whom he had injured. His pictures, though masterly and spirited, are deficient in originality. Some of his works have been mistaken for examples of Guido, to whom, indeed, he is considered superior in the extremities of the figures. Among his principal paintings are St Anthony, at Cagli; the Magdalene, at Pesaro; the Transfiguration, in the Brera Gallery, Milan; the Portrait of Guido, in the Bologna Gallery; and St Romuald in the Casa Paolucci. His most celebrated etching is Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, honouring the arms of Cardinal Borghese.
# Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)/Tyropoeon Valley

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* Y
* Z
* Gen
* Ex
* Lev
* Num
* Dt
* Jos
* Jdg
* Ru
* 1-2 Sam
* 1-2 Ki
* 1-2 Chr
* Ezra
* Neh
* Est
* Psm
* Prv
* Job
* Song
* Ecc
* Isa
* Jer
* Lam
* Ezek
* Dan
* Hos
* Joel
* Am
* Ob
* Jnh
* Mic
* Nah
* Habk
* Zeph
* Hag
* Zech
* Mal
* Mt
* Mk
* Lk
* Jn
* Act
* Rom
* 1Cor
* 2Cor
* Gal
* Eph
* Philp
* Col
* 1-2Thes
* 1Tim
* 2Tim
* Titus
* Phim
* Hebr
* Jam
* 1Pet
* 2Pet
* 1Jn
* 2Jn
* 3Jn
* Ju
* Rev
Tyropoeon Valley (i.e., "Valley of the Cheesemongers"), the name given by Josephus the historian to the valley or rugged ravine which in ancient times separated Mount Moriah from Mount Zion. This valley, now filled up with a vast accumulation of rubbish, and almost a plain, was spanned by bridges, the most noted of which was Zion Bridge, which was probably the ordinary means of communication between the royal palace on Zion and the temple. A fragment of the arch (q.v.) of this bridge (called "Robinson's Arch"), where it projects from the sanctuary wall, was discovered by Robinson in 1839. This arch was destroyed by the Romans when Jerusalem was taken.
The western wall of the temple area rose up from the bottom of this valley to the height of 84 feet, where it was on a level with the area, and above this, and as a continuance of it, the wall of Solomon's cloister rose to the height of about 50 feet, "so that this section of the wall would originally present to view a stupendous mass of masonry scarcely to be surpassed by any mural masonry in the world."
# Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)/U

* Ucal
* Ulai
* Ummah
* Unction
* Unicorn
* Unni
* Upharsin
* Uphaz
* Ur
* Uriah
* Uriel
* Urijah
* Urim
* Usury
* Uz
* Uzal
* Uz, The land of
* Uzza
* Uzzah
* Uzzen-sherah
* Uzzi
* Uzziah
* Uzziel