OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Butler, Weeden (1773-1831)

​BUTLER, WEEDEN, the younger (1773–1831), author, eldest son of the Rev. Weeden Butler mentioned above, was educated by his father till 1790, when he entered Sidney College, Cambridge (B.A. 1794, M.A. 1797). He became afternoon lecturer of Charlotte Street Chapel, and evening lecturer of Brompton in 1811, and was presented to the rectory of Great Woolston, Buckinghamshire, in 1816. After having for nineteen years acted as classical assistant in his father's school, he succeeded to the superintendence of it on his father's retirement in 1814. He died in Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, on 28 June 1831.
He published: ‘Bagatelles; or miscellaneous productions, consisting of Original Poetry and Translations,’ London, 1795, 8vo; and translated ‘Prospect of the Political Relations which subsist between the French Republic and the Helvetic Body,’ from the French of Weiss, 1794; ‘The Wrongs of Unterwalden,’ 1799; and ‘Zimao, the African,’ 1800 and 1807.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haughton, Moses (1734-1804)

​HAUGHTON, MOSES, the elder (1734–1804), painter of still-life and enamel-painter, was born at Wednesbury, Staffordshire, in 1734. Brought up as an enamel-painter, he was employed in Mr. Holden's manufactory at Wednesbury. Subsequently he removed to ​Birmingham, where he was employed on ornamental work. At the same time he excelled in other branches of the art, and was especially noted as a painter of still-life. He occasionally exhibited works at the Royal Academy from 1788 to 1804. Haughton was of a quiet and retiring disposition, and was not much known out of Birmingham. He resided for many years at Ashted, near Birmingham, and died on 24 Dec. 1804, aged 70. He was buried at Wednesbury, and a monument was erected to his memory in St. Philip's Church at Birmingham. He had a son, Matthew Haughton, who practised as an engraver.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Bryan's Dict. of Painters, ed. Graves; Gent. Mag. 1804 new ser. p. 1250, 1810 p. 415; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haughton, William

​HAUGHTON, WILLIAM (fl. 1598), dramatist, is identified in Cooper's ‘Athenæ Cantabrigienses’ (ii. 399) with a William Haughton, M.A., of Oxford, who was incorporated in that degree at Cambridge in 1604, but the identification is doubtful. The earliest mention of him in Henslowe's ‘Diary’ (p. 104) is under date 5 Nov. 1597, when he is described as ‘yonge Horton.’ Only one play of which he was sole author is extant, ‘English-Men for my Money: Or, A Woman will have her Will,’ 1616, 4to, reprinted in 1626 and 1631; included in the ‘Old English Drama,’ 1830, and in Hazlitt's edition of Dodsley's collection. From Henslowe's ‘Diary’ (pp. 119, 122) it appears that this merry rollicking comedy was written early in 1598. In August 1599 Haughton was at work upon a lost play, ‘The Poor Man's Paradise’ (ib. p. 155); and later in the year he joined John Day in writing the ‘Tragedy of Merry’ and ‘Cox of Collumpton’ (both lost); had a share with Dekker and Chettle in ‘Patient Grissil’ (printed in 1603), and with Chettle alone in ‘The Arcadian Virgin’ (not printed). In the following February he was engaged with Day and Dekker on ‘The Spanish Moor's Tragedy’ (not printed), which has been hastily identified with ‘Lust's Dominion;’ and in March the same authors, joined by Chettle, were at work on ‘The Seven Wise Masters’ (not printed). During part of March Haughton was imprisoned in the Clink (doubtless for debt), and Henslowe advanced ten shillings to procure his discharge. On 18 March he was employed on ‘Ferrex and Porrex,’ probably an alteration of Sackville and Norton's tragedy, and in April he was preparing the ‘English Fugitives’ (not printed). In May he received five shillings from Henslowe ‘in earnest of a Boocke which he wold calle the “Devell and his Dame”’ (ib. p. 169), which has been rashly identified with ‘Grim, the Collier of Croydon,’ first printed in 1662; in the same month he wrote ‘Strange News out of Poland’ (not printed) with a ‘Mr. Pett,’ and began single-handed a play called ‘Indes’ or ‘Judas’ (not printed). He was writing ‘Roben hoode's penerthes’ (‘Robin Hood's Pennyworths’) in December 1600 and January 1601; later in 1601 he joined Day in ‘The Second and Third Parts’ (not printed) of ‘The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green,’ ‘The Six Yeomen of the West’ (not printed), ‘The Proud Woman of Antwerp and Friar Rush’ (not printed), and ‘The Second Part of Tom Dough’ (not printed). ‘The Conquest of the West Indies’ (not printed) was written with Day and Wentworth Smith, and the two parts of ‘The Six Clothiers’ (not printed) with Hathway and Smith. We do not hear of Haughton after September 1602, when he was engaged on ‘a playe called “Cartwright.”’
In ‘Annals of the Careers of W. ​Houghton [sic], Wadeson, and Pett,’ a paper printed in vol. iii. of ‘Shakespeariana,’ 1886, Mr. Fleay conjectures that some of the above-mentioned plays were printed with changed titles.
[Henslowe's Diary, passim; Alleyn Papers, pp. xxvii, 23, 25; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 399–400.]
A. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hausted, Peter

​HAUSTED, PETER (d. 1645), dramatist and divine, born at Oundle in Northamptonshire, was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge; became curate of Uppingham in Rutland; was afterwards rector of Hadham in Hertfordshire, and vicar of Gretton in Northamptonshire. At the outbreak of the civil wars he was made chaplain to the Earl ​of Northampton; on 1 Nov. 1642 he was created D.D. of Oxford. He died in the castle at Banbury during the siege in 1645.
He was among the contributors to ‘Genethliacum Illustrissimorum Principum Caroli et Mariæ a Musis Cantabrigiensibus celebratum,’ Cambridge, 1631, 4to. On the occasion of the royal visit to Cambridge in March 1631–2 he wrote a comedy (attacking simony and other abuses), ‘The Rival Friends,’ which was presented before their majesties with indifferent success. It was published at London in 1632, 4to, bearing on the title-page the announcement, ‘Cryed down by Boyes, Faction, Envie, and confident Ignorance, approv'd by the judicious, and now exposed to the publique censure.’ A copy in the British Museum has the actors' names written in a contemporary hand. In a satirical preface (ridiculed by James Duport in his commendatory verses before Randolph's ‘Jealous Lovers,’ 1632) he defended his play and assailed his detractors. The introductory dialogue between Venus, Phœbus, and Thetis is well written; and some graceful songs are interspersed throughout the play. A severe copy of verses on ‘The Rival Friends’ is printed in Huth's ‘Inedited Poetical Miscellanies,’ 1870. Hausted also wrote a Latin play, which was performed at Queens' College, Cambridge, ‘Senile Odium,’ Cambridge, 1633, 8vo; Edward King (Milton's ‘Lycidas’) and others prefixed commendatory Latin verses. His other works are: ‘Ten Sermons preached vpon Severall Svndayes and Saints Dayes,’ 1636, 4to; ‘Ad Populum. a Lecture to the People, with a Satyr against Separatists,’ 1644, 4to, reprinted in 1675; ‘Hymnus Tabaci; a Poem in Honour of Tabaco. Heroically composed by Raphael Thorius: made English,’ 1650, 8vo. The ‘Satyr’ originally appeared in 1642 with the initials ‘A. C.’ (Abraham Cowley) attached. Hausted wrote the inscription for Thomas Randolph's monument. An elegy by Hausted on the death of Colonel Robert Arden is preserved in Ashmole MSS. 36–7, fol. 125.
[Wood's Athenæ, ed. Bliss, i. 567, ii. 379; Wood's Fasti, ed. Bliss, ii. 50; Langbaine's English Dramatick Poets; Masson's Life of Milton, i. 214, 218–19. ]
A. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Havell, Robert

Dates (1769–1832) in the Dictionary of National Biography.
​HAVELL, ROBERT (fl. 1800–1840), painter, engraver, and publisher, was son of Daniel Havell, who appears to have been a brother of Luke Havell, the father of William Havell [q. v.], the water-colour painter. Daniel Havell published in 1826 ‘Historical and Descriptive Accounts of the Theatres of London,’ with views drawn and engraved by himself. Robert Havell, who worked jointly with his father for some time, set up for himself an establishment in Oxford ​Street, opposite the Pantheon, called the Zoological Gallery, where, besides the publication of works of art, an agency was formed for the sale of specimens, and other objects connected with natural history. In 1812 Daniel and Robert Havell published a series of ‘Picturesque Views on the River Thames,’ engraved by them in aquatint from drawings by W. Havell. These were the first of a series of aquatint engravings published by the Havells which attained a well-earned reputation. They kept a large staff of good artists working on them. Among the more important publications were Audubon's ‘Birds of America,’ Daniell's ‘Views in India,’ Dodswell's ‘Views in Greece,’ J. Baillie Fraser's ‘Views in the Himala Mountains,’ and Salt's ‘Views in Africa.’ In 1828 the partnership of Havell and his son Robert (see below) was dissolved and their stock dispersed.
Havell, Robert, the younger (fl. 1820–1850), painter, engraver, and publisher, was a fair landscape-painter, and, after the dissolution of his partnership with his father, he went with his wife and daughter to America, where he settled, and continued to pursue his career as a landscape-painter with some success.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; sale catalogue, 27 May 1828; publications by Havell & Son; private information.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haughton, Moses (1772?-1848?)

​HAUGHTON, MOSES, the younger (1772?–1848?), miniature-painter and engraver, nephew of Moses Haughton the elder [q. v.], was born at Wednesbury about 1772. He came to London to practise as an artist, became a pupil of George Stubbs, R.A., and a student of the Royal Academy. He practised as a portrait-painter, painting chiefly in miniature. Early in life he became a friend of Henry Fuseli, R.A. [q. v.], for whom he entertained a sincere admiration, and eventually resided with Fuseli in the keeper's apartments at Somerset House. He turned his attention to engraving, and under Fuseli's own superintendence executed several large engravings from Fuseli's most important pictures, notably, ‘Sin pursued by Death,’ ‘Ugolino,’ ‘The Dream of Eve,’ ‘The Nursery of Shakespeare,’ ‘The Lazarhouse,’ &c. He thus helped to perpetuate his master's fleeting popularity. He painted a well-known miniature of Fuseli, which has been often engraved, and another of Mrs. Fuseli, who after her husband's death became for some years an inmate of Haughton's household. Haughton was a frequent exhibitor at the Royal Academy from 1808 to 1848, after which he is lost sight of. Two miniature paintings by him, ‘The Love Dream’ and ‘The Captive,’ were engraved by R. W. Sievier, and other portraits by him were also engraved. He was married, and left a family.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Knowles's Life of Fuseli; Fuseli's works in the print room of the British Museum; Royal Academy Catalogues; private information.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Havell, William

​HAVELL, WILLIAM (1782–1857), landscape-painter, was the son of a drawing master at Reading, who kept a small shop to eke out his narrow means. William, born on 9 Feb. 1782, was one of fourteen children. In early life he spent some time sketching in Wales, but it was somewhat against his father's will that he adopted art as a profession. In 1804 he sent his first contribution to the Royal Academy - a view of Carnarvon Castle and another of of the valley of Nant Ffrancon in the name county. In the same year he became one of the founding members of the (now Royal) Society of Painters in Water-colours. In 1807 he was in Westmoreland, where he stayed about two years, studying mountain scenery. In 1813 he seceded from the Water-colour Society, but under a then existing rule continued to contribute to their exhibitions, as well as to the Royal Academy, where he exhibited in 1812 and 1814. In 1816 he was engaged in a work called 'Picturesque Views ond Characteristic Scenery of British Villas', when he went with Lord Amherst's embassy to China. In consequence of a quarrel the engagement was soon broken off, and he retired to India in 1817, where he stayed till 1825, pursuing his profession with profit. On his return he rejoined the Watercolour Society, but he found that his place in public favour was filled by younger men, and after a while be ceased to contribute to their exhibitions and took to painting in oils. He visited Florence, Rome, and Naples in 1827, and became a constant contributor to the Royal Academy, his subjects being chiefly Italian, but sometimes from Wales, Westmoreland, and China. He also exhibited at the British Institution and Suffolk Street. Although his works were of great merit and distinguished by pure and delicate colour, they failed to attract the public, and having lost his savings by the failure of an Indian bank, he became a pensioner on the Turner Fund. He died, after some years of declining health, at Kensington on 16 Dec. 1857. Havell was one of the best of the earlier painters in water-colour, and did much to advance this art, and his pictures in oil, though neglected during his lifetime, have recently risen greatly in estimation. There is a drawing of Windsor by him in the South Kensington Museum, besides a few good examples of his earlier drawings in Wales and Westmoreland.
Three of Havell's brothers obtained a certain success in the profession of art. George Havell (d. 1839?) was an animal painter, and attempted engraving and sculpture. Edmund Havell was an occasional exhibitor at the Rotal Academy, and he succeeded his father as drawing-master at Reading: his son, Edmund Havell the younger (b. 1819), is a well-known artist. Frederick James Havell (1801-1840), the third brother, practised line engraving and mezzotint, and made experiments in photography.
[Redgrave's Dict, of Artists; Grave's Dict.; Annals of the Fine Arts; Monkhouse's Earlier English Water-colour Painters.]
C. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hauteville, John de

Jean de Hauville in the ODNB.
​HAUTEVILLE, JOHN de (fl. 1184), mediæval Latin poet, has constantly been described as an Englishman by birth, but according to his own statement in the prologue to the ‘Architrenius’ he was a Norman. His name is often given as Hantwill, and it has been suggested that he came from Anville, near Conches (Hist. Litt. xiv. 569), but the evidence of the manuscripts points to the proper form of his name being Hauteville or Hauville (Alta Villa). Nothing is known as to his life, but some allusions point to his having resided in England. The statements of Pits that he studied at Oxford and was afterwards a monk at St. Albans seem to be unfounded. Hauteville eulogises Henry II, and he dedicated his ‘Architrenius’ to Walter of Coutances at the time of his translation from Lincoln to Rouen in 1184.
Hauteville's only known work is a long poem called ‘Architrenius,’ which is a satire on the vices and miseries of his age. It is a work of considerable literary merit, and a favourable specimen of mediæval Latin poetry. The name is of Greek derivation (ἀρχιθρήνιος), and has been interpreted as meaning ‘prince of lamentations.’ Summaries of the poem will be found in the ‘Histoire Littéraire,’ ‘Biographia Britannica Litteraria,’ and the preface to ‘Latin Satirical Poets.’ The manuscripts are numerous, e.g. Harley 4066, Cotton Vesp. B. xv, Reg. 13 C. V. in the British Museum, Digby 64 and 157, and Add. A. 44 in the Bodleian Library. The ‘Architrenius’ was printed by Jodocus Badius Ascensius, Paris, 1517, small 4to, a book which is extremely rare, and in the ‘Latin Satirical Poets of the Twelfth Century,’ vol. i. (Rolls Ser. 1872). According to Pits (p. 568), Hugh Legat, a monk of St. Albans, wrote about 1400 a commentary on the ‘Architrenius.’ This may be identical with the mutilated commentary preserved in Digby MS. 64. Bale and Pits ascribe to Hauteville a poem, ‘De Rebus Occultis,’ together with epigrams and epistles, but nothing is known about them. There is no authority for supposing that he was the author of the metrical treatise, ‘De Epistolarum Compositione,’ which is contained in Digby MS. 64.
[Bale, iii. 49; Pits, pp. 267, 568; Tanner's Bibl. Brit.-Hib. 377 s. v. ‘Hanwill;’ Fabricius, Bibl. Lat. Med. Æt. iv. 82, ed. 1754; Fuller's Worthies, ‘Oxford,’ 336; Leyser's Hist. Poet. Med. Æv. pp. 760–1; Histoire Littéraire de la France, xiv. 569–79; Wright's Biog. Brit. Litt. Anglo-Norman, pp. 250–6, and preface to Latin Satirical Poets, vol. i.; Graesse's Trésor de Livres Rares et Précieux, i. 182.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dundas, David (1799-1877)

​DUNDAS, Sir DAVID (1799–1877), statesman, the eldest surviving son of James Dundas of Ochtertyre, Perthshire, by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of William Graham of Airth, Stirlingshire,was born in 1799. Admitted on the foundation of Westminster at the age of thirteen, he was elected to Christ Church, Oxford, in 1816, where he graduated B.A. 3 Feb. 1820, and was elected a student of the society; he proceeded M.A. 2 Nov. 1822. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple, 7 Feb. 1823, and went the northern circuit. He was also a member of the Scotch bar. In March 1840 he was elected member of parliament for Sutherlandshire, and in the following April was appointed a queen's counsel, being elected a bencher of his inn in due course. He represented Sutherlandshire for twelve years till 1852, and sat for it again from April 1861 until May 1867. He entered parliament as an adherent of the liberal party, and on 10 July 1846 was appointed solicitor-general under Lord John Russell, receiving the customary knighthood on 4 Feb. 1847. Indifferent health obliged him to resign office 25 March 1848, when it was thought he would have accepted the more comfortable and permanent post of principal clerk of the House of Lords. He, however, declined it. In May 1849 he again took office, this time as judge-advocate general, was sworn a privy councillor on the following 29 June, and retired with his party in 1852. Thereafter it was understood that he did not care for further professional or political advancement. An accomplished scholar, he lived a somewhat retired life at his chambers, 13 King's Bench Walk, Inner Temple, where he had brought together a fine library. He died unmarried on 30 March 1877, aged 78. Dundas was an honorary M.A. of Durham University, and from 1861 to 1867 a trustee of the British Museum. He always gave his steady support to Westminster School, and was a constant attendant at its anniversaries and plays. He was one of those 'Old Westminsters' who most strongly opposed the proposal of removing the school into the country.
[Welch's Alumni Westmon. 1852, pp. 475, 480, 553; Law Times, 18 July 1846, 1 April 1848, 7 April 1877; Foster's Members of Parliament (Scotland), p. 110.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dundas, James (1842-1879)

​DUNDAS, JAMES (1842–1879), captain royal engineers, eldest son of George Dundas, one of the judges of the court of session in Scotland, was born on 12 Sept. 1842. He was educated at the Edinburgh Academy and the East India Company's military college at Addiscombe, received a commission in the royal (late Bengal) engineers in June 1860, and, proceeding to India in March 1862, was appointed to the public works department in Bengal.
In 1865 he accompanied the expedition to Bhootan under General Tombs, and was awarded the Victoria Cross for his distinguished bravery in storming a block-house which was the key of the enemy's position, and held after the retreat of the main body. Fearing that protracted resistance might cause the Bhoteas to rally, General Tombs called upon a body of Sikh soldiers to swarm up the wall. The men, who had been fighting in a broiling sun on very difficult ground for upwards of three hours, hesitated until Major W. S. Trevor and Dundas of the Royal Engineers volunteered to show the way. They had to climb a wall fourteen feet high, and then to enter a house occupied by some two hundred desperate men, head foremost, through an opening not more than two feet wide. After the termination of the Bhootan expedition Dundas rejoined the public works department, in which his ability and varied and accurate engineering knowledge won for him a high position. In 1879, on the fresh outbreak of the Afghan war, he found his way to the front, and was killed with his subaltern, Lieutenant Nugent, R.E., on 23 Dec. 1879, in attempting to blow up a fort near Cabul. A general order referring to the services of the royal engineers in this campaign, issued by Sir Frederick Roberts contained an appreciative notice of Dundas's services. A monument is in Edinburgh Cathedral, and his brother officers placed a stained glass window in Rochester Cathedral.
R. H. V.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dundas, Richard Saunders

​DUNDAS, Sir RICHARD SAUNDERS (1802–1861), vice-admiral, second son of Robert Saunders Dundas, second viscount Melville [q. v.], and of Anne, grand-niece and coheiress of Admiral Sir Charles Saunders [q. v.], was born on 11 April 1802, received his early education at Harrow, was entered at the Royal Naval College in 1815, and on 15 June 1817 as a volunteer on board the Ganymede frigate, under the Hon. Robert Cavendish Spencer, in the Mediterranean. As the son of the first lord of the admiralty, his promotions were as rapid as the rules of the service permitted. On 18 June 1821 he was made lieutenant, was made commander on 23 June 1823, and captain on 17 July 1824, during all which time he was continuously employed, for the most part on the Mediterranean and North American stations. In September 1825 he was appointed to the Volage frigate, in which he went out to the East Indies and New South Wales, where he was transferred to the Warspite, and returned to England in October 1827. For the next three years he was private secretary to his father, then first lord of the admiralty; in November 1830 commissioned the Belvidera frigate, which he commanded for three years in the Mediterranean, and in September 1837 was appointed to the Melville of 72 guns. In her he went out to China, and participated in the operations of the first Chinese war, being specially mentioned for his conduct at the capture of Ty-cock-tow on 7 Jan. 1841 and of the Bogue forts 26 Feb. For these services he was nominated a C.B. on 29 June. In the end of 1841 he returned to England. In 1845 he was private secretary to the Earl of Haddington, first lord of the admiralty, and in 1853 was appointed a junior lord of the admiralty under Sir James Graham. On 4 July 1853 he attained the rank of rear-admiral, and in February 1855 was appointed commander-in-chief of the fleet in the Baltic, where no active operations were carried on excepting the bombardment of Sveaborg, 9–11 Aug., the effect of which was much exaggerated in the current reports, and where the principal work was the maintenance of a close blockade of the Gulf of Finland, and the fishing for small torpedos which had been laid down in great numbers in the passage to the north of Cronstadt. On 4 Feb. 1856 Dundas was nominated a K.C.B., and on the conclusion of the peace resumed his seat at the admiralty, where he continued till his death on 3 June 1861. He was a grand officer of the Legion of Honour, and on 24 Feb. 1858 was promoted to the rank of vice-admiral.
J. K. L.