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# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Lactantius/The Divine Institutes/Book VII/Chap. XXV

Chap. XXV.—Of the Last Times, and of the City of Rome.
These are the things which are spoken of by the prophets as about to happen hereafter: but I have not considered it necessary to bring forward their testimonies and words, since it would be an endless task; nor would the limits of my book receive so great a multitude of subjects, since so many with one breath speak similar things; and at the same time, lest weariness should be occasioned to the readers if I should heap together things collected and transferred from all; moreover, that I might confirm those very things which I said, not by my own writings, but in an especial manner by the writings of others, and might show that not only among us, but even with those very persons who revile us, the truth is preserved, which they refuse to acknowledge. But he who wishes to know these things more accurately may draw from the fountain itself, and he will know more things worthy of admiration than we have comprised in these books. Perhaps some one may now ask when these things of which we have spoken are about to come to pass? I have already shown above, that when six thousand years shall be completed this change must take place, and that the last day of the extreme conclusion is now drawing near. It is permitted us to know respecting the signs, which are spoken by the prophets, for they foretold signs by which the consummation of the times is to be expected by us from day to day, and to be feared. When, however, this amount will be completed, those teach, who have written respecting the times, collecting them from the sacred writings and from various histories, how great is the number of years from the beginning of the world. And although they vary, and the amount of the number as reckoned by them differs considerably, yet all expectation does not exceed the limit of two hundred years. The subject itself declares that the fall and ruin of the world will shortly take place; except that while the city of Rome remains it appears that nothing of this kind is to be feared. But when that capital of the world shall have fallen, and shall have begun to be a street, which the Sibyls say shall come to pass, who can doubt that the end has now arrived to the affairs of men and the whole world? It is that city, that only, which still sustains all things; and the God of heaven is to be entreated by us and implored—if, indeed, His arrangements and decrees can be delayed—lest, sooner than we think for, that detestable tyrant should come who will undertake so great a deed, and dig out that eye, by the destruction of which the world itself is about to fall. Now let us return, to set forth the other things which are then about to follow.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Consignatam teneri.
* ↑ [See p. 218, supra, and Victorinus, sparsim, infra.]
* ↑ [Again a reference, as on p. 213 note 1, supra.]
* ↑ ρυμη. There are other readings, as πυ̑ρ and “pyra.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Lactantius/The Divine Institutes/Book VII/Chap. XVIII

Chap. XVIII.—Of the Fortunes of the World at the Last Time, and of the Things Foretold by the Soothsayers.
That these things will thus take place, all the prophets have announced from the inspiration of God, and also the soothsayers at the instigation of the demons. For Hystaspes, whom I have named above, having described the iniquity of this last time, says that the pious and faithful, being separated from the wicked, will stretch forth their hands to heaven with weeping and mourning, and will implore the protection of Jupiter: that Jupiter will look to the earth, and hear the voices of men, and will destroy the wicked. All which things are true except one, that he attributed to Jupiter those things which God will do. But that also was withdrawn from the account, not without fraud on the part of the demons, viz., that the Son of God would then be sent, who, having destroyed all the wicked, would set at liberty the pious. Which, however, Hermes did not conceal. For in that book which is entitled the Complete Treatise, after an enumeration of the evils concerning which we have spoken, he added these things: “But when these things thus come to pass, then He who is Lord, and Father, and God, and the Creator of the first and one God, looking upon what is done, and opposing to the disorder His own will, that is, goodness, and recalling the wandering and cleansing wickedness, partly inundating it with much water, and partly burning it with most rapid fire, and sometimes pressing it with wars and pestilences, He brought His world to its ancient state and restored it.” The Sibyls also show that it would not be otherwise than that the Son of God should be sent by His supreme Father, to set free the righteous from the hands of the wicked, and to destroy the unrighteous, together with their cruel tyrants. One of whom thus wrote:—
“He shall come also, wishing to destroy the city of the blest; and a king sent against him from the gods shall slay all the great kings and chief men: then judgment shall thus come from the Immortal to men.”
Also another Sibyl:—
“And then God shall send a king from the sun, who shall cause all the earth to cease from disastrous war.”
And again another:—
“He will take away the intolerable yoke of slavery which is placed on our neck, and he will do away with impious laws and violent chains.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume V/Cyprian/The Epistles of Cyprian/Part 3

Epistle III.
To the Presbyters and Deacons Abiding at Rome. a.d. 250.
Argument.—This is a Familiar and Friendly Epistle; So that It Requires No Formal Argument, Especially as It Can Be Sufficiently Gathered from the Title Itself. The Letter of the Roman Clergy, to Which Cyprian is Replying, is Missing.
1. Cyprian to the elders and deacons, brethren abiding at Rome, sends, greeting. When the report of the departure of the excellent man, my colleague, was still uncertain among us, my beloved brethren, and I was wavering doubtfully in my opinion on the matter, I received a letter sent to me from you by Crementius the sub-deacon, in which I was most abundantly informed of his glorious end; and I rejoiced greatly that, in harmony with the integrity of his administration, an honourable consummation also attended him.  Wherein, moreover, I greatly congratulate you, that you honour his memory with a testimony so public and so illustrious, so that by your means is made known to me, not only what is glorious to you in connection with the memory of your bishop, but what ought to afford to me also an example of faith and virtue. For in proportion as the fall of a bishop is an event which tends ruinously to the fall of his followers, so on the other hand it is a useful and helpful thing when a bishop, by the firmness of his faith, sets himself forth to his brethren as an object of imitation.
2. I have, moreover, read another epistle, in which neither the person who wrote nor the persons to whom it was written were plainly declared; and inasmuch as in the same letter both the writing and the matter, and even the paper itself, gave me the idea that something had been taken away, or had been changed from the original, I have sent you back the epistle as it actually came to hand, that you may examine whether it is the very same which you gave to Crementius the sub-deacon, to carry. For it is a very serious thing if the truth of a clerical letter is corrupted by any falsehood or deceit. In order, then, that we may know this, ascertain whether the writing and subscription are yours, and write me again what is the truth of the matter. I bid you, dearest brethren, ever heartily farewell.
* ↑ Oxford ed.; Ep. ix.
* ↑ Fabian, bishop of Rome. [Cyprian’s “colleague,” but their bishop. See Greek of Philip. ii. 25. He is an example to his brethren: such the simple position of a primitive Bishop of Rome.]
* ↑ The foregoing letter, Ep. ii.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume V/Cyprian/The Epistles of Cyprian/Part 28

Epistle XXVIII.
To the Presbyters and Deacons Abiding at Rome.
Argument.—The Roman Clergy are Informed of the Temerity of the Lapsed Who Were Demanding Peace.
Cyprian to the presbyters and deacons abiding at Rome, his brethren, greeting. Both our common love and the reason of the thing demand, beloved brethren, that I should keep back from your knowledge nothing of those matters which are transacted among us, that so we may have a common plan for the advantage of the administration of the Church. For after I wrote to you the letter which I sent by Saturus the reader, and Optatus the sub-deacon, the combined temerity of certain of the lapsed, who refuse to repent and to make satisfaction to God, wrote to me, not asking that peace might be given to them, but claiming it as already given; because they say that Paulus has given peace to all, as you will read in their letter of which I have sent you a copy, as well as what I briefly replied to them in the meantime. But that you may also know what sort of a letter I afterwards wrote to the clergy, I have, moreover, sent you a copy of this. But if, after all, their temerity should not be repressed either by my letters or by yours, and should not yield to wholesome counsels, I shall take such proceedings as the Lord, according to His Gospel, has enjoined to be taken. I bid you, beloved brethren, ever heartily farewell.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume V/Cyprian/The Epistles of Cyprian/Part 31

Epistle XXXI.
To the Carthaginian Clergy, About the Letters Sent to Rome, and Received Thence.
Argument.—The Carthaginian Clergy are Requested to Take Care that the Letters of the Roman Clergy and Cyprian’s Answer are Communicated.
Cyprian to the presbyters and deacons, his brethren, greeting. That you, my beloved brethren, might know what letters I have sent to the clergy acting at Rome, and what they have replied to me, and, moreover, what Moyses and Maximus, the presbyters, and Rufinus and Nicostratus, the deacons, and the rest of the confessors that with them are kept in prison, replied likewise to my letters, I have sent you copies to read. Do you take care, with as much diligence as you can, that what I have written, and what they have replied, be made known to our brethren. And, moreover, if any bishops from foreign places, my colleagues, or presbyters, or deacons, should be present, or should arrive among you, let them hear all these matters from you; and if they wish to transcribe copies of the letters and to take them to their own people, let them have the opportunity of transcribing them; although I have, moreover, bidden Saturus the reader, our brother, to give liberty of copying them to any individuals who wish it; so that, in ordering, for the present, the condition of the Church in any manner, an agreement, one and faithful, may be observed by all. But about the other matters which were to be dealt with, as I have also written to several of my colleagues, we will more fully consider them in a common council, when, by the Lord’s permission, we shall begin to assemble into one place. I bid you, brethren, beloved and longed-for, ever heartily farewell. Salute the brotherhood. Fare ye well.
* ↑ Oxford ed.: Ep. xxxii. a.d. 250.
* ↑ [Administering jurisdiction sede vacante.]
* ↑ [Illustrating the Treatise on Unity.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/Title Page

The Decretals.
[Translated by the Rev. S. D. F. Salmond.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Recognitions of Clement
## Contents

* Introductory Notice
* Preface
* Book I
* Book II
* Book III
* Book IV
* Book V
* Book VI
* Book VII
* Book VIII
* Book IX
* Book X
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hale, Eugene

Edition of 1892.
​HALE, Eugene, senator, b. in Turner, Oxford, co., Me., 9 June, 1836. He received an academic education, studied law in Portland, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and began to practise at Ellsworth, Me. He was for nine successive years county attorney for Hancock county, was a member of the legislature of Maine in 1867-'80, and was then elected a representative in congress from that state, serving from 1869 till 1879. He was elected to the U. S. senate as a Republican to succeed Hannibal Hamlin, took his seat 4 March, 1881, and was re-elected in 1887. He was appointed postmaster-general in 1874, but declined, and also refused a cabinet appointment by President Hayes. He was a delegate to the Republican national conventions of 1868, 1876, and 1880. Mr. Hale has received the degree of LL. D. from Colby university.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Haidt, John Valentine

Edition of 1892.
​HAIDT, John Valentine, artist and evangelist, b. in Dantzic, Germany, 4 Oct., 1700; d. in Bethlehem, Pa., 18 Jan., 1780. He was educated at Berlin, where his father was court-jeweller. The son studied painting at Venice, Rome, Paris, and London. When he was forty years of age he united with the Moravian church and devoted himself to painting portraits of its clergymen and other pictures, the majority of which represented scriptural incidents. In 1754 he emigrated to America, was ordained a deacon of the church, and began to preach through the middle colonies as an evangelist, at the same time continuing to paint. A gallery of his portraits and several of his other pictures are still preserved at Bethlehem, Pa. Among the latter the most remarkable is a reduced copy of a large painting which he produced in Germany, representing the first converts of the various nations to which the Moravians brought the gospel, coming to the throne of Christ's glory. Twelve of Haidt's paintings, setting forth incidents in the life of Jesus, which formerly adorned the walls of the first church-edifice at Bethlehem, were many years ago sold to a dealer, who realized enormous profits from them.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hale, Benjamin

Edition of 1892.
​HALE, Benjamin, educator, b. in Newburvport, Mass., 23 Nov., 1797; d. there, 15 July, 1863. lie was graduated at Bowdoin in 1818, studied theology at Andover, and in 1822 was licensed to preach as a Congregationalist. In 1823 he became tutor in Bowdoin, but subsequently established the Gardiner lyceum, of which he became principal. From 1827 till 1835 (when his chair was abolished) he was professor of chemistry and mineralogy at Dartmouth, and aided in the foundation of its geological and mineralogical cabinet. Meantime, he took orders in the Protestant Episcopal church. The winter of 1835-'6 he spent in St. Croix, W. I., for his health. In 1836. he became president of Hobart college, Geneva, N. Y., and held the office till feeble health compelled him to resign on 19 Jan., 1858, when he returned to his native town. He published "Introduction to the Mechanical Principles of Carpentry" (Boston, 1827) and "Scriptural Illustrations of the Liturgy" (1835).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hagert, Henry Schell

Edition of 1892.
​HAGERT, Henry Schell, lawyer, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 2 May, 1826; d. there, 18 Dec., 1885. He was graduated at the Central high-school, Philadelphia, in 1842, admitted to the bar, 8 May, 1847, and soon afterward became solicitor for the board of guardians of the poor. After the consolidation of the city in 1854 he was appointed assistant city solicitor, and as such drafted many of the most important city ordinances. He served as assistant district attorney in 1856-'7, 1868-'71, and 1875-'8, and as district attorney in 1878-'81. He was especially distinguished as a nisi prius lawyer. In early life he contributed prose and poetry to periodicals; and after his death a volume of his poems, with a memoir by Charles A. Lagen, was printed privately (Philadelphia, 1886).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hagner, Peter

Text from volume 3, pp. 25-26.
​HAGNER, Peter, financier, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 1 Oct., 1772; d. in Washington, D. C., 16 July, 1850. He was appointed a clerk in the treasury department by Gen. Washington in 1793, assistant accountant of the war department in 1797, and third auditor by Mr. Monroe when that office was created in 1817. He served under every administration for fifty-six consecutive years, resigning his office in 1849. Twice by direct votes congress expressed its appreciation of his services in the settlement of large and important claims. This office became at one time so prominent, from the calls made upon its chief by congress, before the institution of the court of claims, that John Randolph, of Roanoke, pausing in debate for a phrase to express his sense of the influence of the Emperor Nicholas in the affairs of Europe, styled him “the great third auditor of nations.” — His son, Peter Valentine, soldier, b. in Washington, D. C., 28 Aug., 1815, was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1836, and assigned to the 1st artillery. He served on topographical duty, took part in the Florida campaign of 1836-'7 with a field battery, was assigned to frontier duty during the Canada border disturbances until July, 1838, and then transferred to the ordnance corps. On 22 May, 1840, he was promoted 1st lieutenant of ordnance. In the war with Mexico he was attached to the siege-train company of ordnance of Gen. Scott's army, brevetted captain for “gallant and meritorious conduct” at Cerro Gordo, 18 April, 1847, and major for Chapultepec, 13 Sept., 1847. He was wounded at the San Cosme gate in the assault and capture of the city of Mexico the day following. Maj. Hagner made a visit to Europe under orders from the secretary of war in 1848-'9, inspecting laboratories and manufactories of percussion-caps, and procuring information upon the systems of artillery and the armament and equipment of troops. He was promoted to captain of ordnance, 10 July, 1851, and major of ordnance, 3 Aug., and was in command of various arsenals and inspector of powder until the beginning of the civil war. On 25 April, 1861, he was assigned to the duty of ordering, inspecting, and purchasing arms and ordnance stores, and in March, 1862, appointed assistant to the commission on ordnance contracts and claims. He was inspector of the factories making small arms for the government till 25 Dec., 1863, when he was assigned to the command of the Watervliet arsenal; was made lieutenant-colonel of ordnance, 1 June, 1863, brevetted colonel and brigadier-general, U. S. army, 13 March, 1865, for ​his services in the ordnance department, and advanced to the rank of colonel of ordnance, 7 March, 1867. He was placed on the retired list, 1 June, 1881, at his own request, having been in the service for more than forty years.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hagood, Johnson

Edition of 1900.
​HAGOOD, Johnson, lawyer, b. in West Virginia in 1771; d. in Charleston, S. C, in 1816. When he was four years old his father's family removed to Ninety-Six, S. C. He was on one occasion sent out in the night, when about seven years of age, to procure medical assistance for his father's family, and passed through the scene of one of the guerilla skirmishes so frequent at that time. Several corpses were, lying unburied on the field, and wolves were feeding on them. His nerves were severely tried, but he performed his errand. At the age of fourteen the lad determined to take care of himself, and walked sixty miles to Granby, where he succeeded in obtaining employment in a country store. At the end of a year he went to Charleston and entered a lawyer's office, having access to books, and attending a night-school. He soon began the study of law, was admitted to the bar in 1793 at the age of twenty-two, and immediately became a partner with his patron, who was elected to congress, and left to young Hagood the entire management of his practice. He practised law until 1813, and attained note in his profession. Mr. Hagood also devoted much attention to natural sciences, was interested in the study of electricity and galvanism, and procured from Europe extensive apparatus for his experiments. He educated his younger brothers and sisters and several children of his poorer neighbors. In 1806 he purchased lands, and, gradually withdrawing from practice, devoted himself to their improvement.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hager, John Sharpenstien

Edition of 1892.
​HAGER, John Sharpenstien, senator, b. in Morris county, N. J., 12 March, 1818. He was graduated at Princeton in 1836, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1840. He settled in Morristown, N. J., practising his profession until 1849, when he went to California. He served in the state senate in 1852-'4, and again in 1867-'73. In 1855 he was elected state district judge for the district of San Francisco, and served six years. In 1871 he became a regent of the University of California, which he had been active in establishing. He was elected to the U. S. senate as an anti-monopoly Democrat, and served from 9 Feb., 1874, till 3 March, 1875, filling the unexpired term of Eugene Casserly, resigned. He has since been a member of the convention that framed the present constitution of California, and was president of the convention that adopted a new charter for San Francisco under that constitution. He was appointed in 1885 collector of the port of San Francisco, which office he still (1887) holds.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Hahn, Michael

Edition of 1892.
​HAHN, Michael, politician, b. in Bavaria, 24 Nov., 1830; d. in Washington, D. C., 15 March, 1886. While he was an infant his parents removed to New York, and a few years later to New Orleans. He was graduated at the high-school of that city, and in the law department of the University of Louisiana in 1854. When twenty-two years of age he was elected school-director, served for several years, and at one time was president of the board. He was antagonistic to the Slidell wing of the Democratic party, opposed Mr. Buchanan for president in 1856, was a strong Douglas advocate, and a vehement anti-slavery agitator. In 1860-'1 he was a member of the committee that canvassed the state against secession, and he personally exerted all his influence to prevent disunion. Mr. Hahn's opponents charged that in 1861, with all public, state, and parish officers, he took the oath of allegiance to the Confederate government; but the official records show that he renewed his oath of office as notary, but omitted the oath of allegiance, and no public notice was taken of the omission. On the arrival of Admiral Farragut's fleet in New Orleans, 25 April, 1862, Mr. Hahn took the oath of allegiance to the United States, and represented the 2d congressional district of Louisiana in congress as a Republican, from 17 Feb. to 3 March, 1863. At the end of his term he returned to New Orleans, advocated the reopening of the Federal courts, and bought and edited the “New Orleans True Delta,” in which he advocated emancipation. In March, 1864, he was inaugurated governor of Louisiana. He possessed the full confidence of Mr. Lincoln, who wrote him a letter advising that the elective franchise be extended to the negro race, and granting him the additional powers of military governor. In 1865 he was chosen U. S. senator, but did not press his claim to his seat. In July, 1866, while present at the Mechanics' institute in New Orleans during the riot of that month, he was severely wounded. Mr. Hahn became the editor of the “New Orleans Republican” in 1867, and four years later removed to his sugar-plantation in St. Charles parish, where he built the village of Hahnville. He was a member of the legislature from 1872 till 1876, and in 1879 was elected district judge, which office he resigned in 1885, on his election to congress, where he was the only Republican member from his state.