OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Executive Order 289

more info.
Amends Executive Order 273, November 15, 1904. Superseded by Executive Order 394, January 12, 1906.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Thursday, January 5, 1905
1905 CSR 72
Section VIII of Schedule A of the civil service rules is hereby amended by adding the following named positions:
    Chief justice and judges of supreme and circuit courts.
    Clerks of the supreme and circuit courts.
    Marshals of the supreme and circuit courts.
    Municipal judges.
    Occasional officers of courts, such as referees, trustees, commissioners, and guardians ad litem.
    Notaries public.
    Mayors of municipalities.
    Municipal secretaries.
    Assessors of taxes.
    One private secretary to governor of Canal Zone.
    Warden and keeper of penitentiary at Gorgona.
    One chief of police.
    Captains of police.
    Detectives.
    Corporals and privates of police force.
    All employees in mechanical trades or other skilled manual occupations who are appointed locally upon the Isthmus of Panama, and whose compensation is $4 per diem or less, or $100 per month or less while actually employed.
White House,
       January 5, 1905.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2899

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Monday, July 1, 1918
Whereas, In order to avoid confusion in policies, duplication of effort, and to bring about more effective results, unity of control in the administration of the public health activities of the Federal Government is obviously essential, and has been so recognized by Acts of Congress creating in the Treasury Department a Public Health Service, and specially authorizing such Service "to study the diseases of man and the conditions influencing the propagation and spread thereof", and "to cooperate with and aid state and municipal boards of health;"
Now, therefore, I Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Chief Executive, and by the Act "authorizing the President to coordinate or consolidate executive bureaus; agencies, and offices, and for other purposes, in the interest of economy and the more efficient concentration of the Government" approved May 20, 1918, do hereby order that all sanitary or public health activities carried on by any executive bureau, agency, or office, especially created for or concerned in the prosecution of the existing war, shall be exercised under the supervision and control of the Secretary of the Treasury.
This order shall not be construed as affecting the jurisdiction exercised under authority of existing law by the Surgeon General of the Army, the Surgeon General of the Navy, and the Provost Marshal General in the performance of health functions which are military in character as distinguished from civil public health duties, or as prohibiting investigations by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of vocational diseases, shop sanitation, and hygiene.
The White House,
    1 July, 1918.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 291

more info.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, January 24, 1905
1905 CSR 81
Clause 9 of Subdivision I, of Schedule A, civil service rules, is hereby amended by adding the following words: "except those in the Customs Service," so that as amended the clause will read: "All positions in Alaska which can not be filled from appropriate existing registers, except those in the Customs Service."
In Subdivision II, of Schedule A, insert a new clause, as follows:
"In the Alaska Customs Service all persons appointed or employed for the season of navigation only," these amendments to be effective on and after March 1, 1905.
White House,
       January 24, 1905.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 288½

more info.
Amended by Executive Order 319, March 31, 1905. Superseded by Executive Order 977, November 24, 1908.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Saturday, December 31, 1904
It is hereby ordered that hereafter no officer, clerk, or employee in the executive service of the Government, who is also a notary public, shall charge or receive any compensation whatever for performing any notarial act for an officer, clerk, or employee of the Government in his official capacity, or in any matter in which the Government is interested, or for any person when, in the case of such person, the act is performed during the hours of such notary's service to the Government. Disobedience of this order shall be ground for immediate dismissal from the service.
White House,
       December 31, 1904.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Fidelity Title Trust Company v. Dubois Electric Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
253 U.S. 212
Fidelity Title Trust Company v. Dubois Electric Company
Argued: March 25 and 26, 1920. --- Decided: June 1, 1920
Messrs. Charles Alvin Jones and M. W. Acheson, Jr., both of Pittsburgh, Pa., for petitioner.
Mr. W. C. Miller, of Clearfield, Pa., for respondent.
Mr. Justice HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Fidelity Union Trust Company v. Field

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
311 U.S. 169
Fidelity Union Trust Company v. Field
Argued: Nov. 12, 13, 1940. --- Decided: Dec 9, 1940
See 311 U.S. 730, 61 S.Ct. 438, 85 L.Ed. --.
Motion for Leave to File Second Petition for Rehearing Granted June 2, 1941.
See 313 U.S. 550, 61 S.Ct. 1106, 85 L.Ed. --.
Rehearing Denied Oct. 20, 1941.
Messrs. Charles Danzig and Francis F. Welsh, both of Newark, N.J., for petitioners.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 170-171 intentionally omitted]
Russell C. MacFall, of Ridgewood, N.J., for respondent.
[Argument of Counsel from Pages 172-173 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Chief Justice HUGHES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Field Notes of Junius Henderson

From 1905 to 1931, Junius Henderson kept detailed field notes recounting his trips collecting samples for the new University of Colorado Museum of Natural History. These field notes are now available in the public domain, and are being uploaded for annotation and for posterity. A publication based on the first three notebooks was published in 2012.

### Notebooks

* Notebook 1 (1905–07)
* Notebook 2 (1907–08)
* Notebook 3 (1909)
* Notebook 4 (1909–10)
* Notebook 5
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1937, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 86 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Fidelity Trust Safety-Vault Company v. Louisville/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
174 U.S. 429
Fidelity Trust Safety-Vault Company v. Louisville
It is unnecessary to determine whether the distinction between the business of a bank and that of a trust company was such as to cause it to be illegal to have agreed that the liability of the trust companies to taxation contrary to the Hewitt act should abide the result of the controversy as to the Louisville Banking Company, since we have just decided in Stone v. Bank (No. 362) 174 U.S. 412, 19 Sup. Ct. 747, that, irrespective of any distinction which might exist between the business of a bank eo nomine and that of a trust company, the commissioners of the sinking fund and the city attorney were without power to have made the agreement upon which the complainants relied in order to establish that they were privies to the decision in favor of the Louisville Banking Company. The plea of the thing adjudged depending upon the existence of privity being thus disposed of, there remains only to consider the alleged existence of an irrevocable contract arising from the Hewitt act. That no such contract arose from that act as to corporations chartered after 1856, or whose charters were extended subsequent to that year, was decided in Citizens' Sav. Bank of Owensboro v. City of Owensboro, 173 U.S. 636, 19 Sup. Ct. 530, 571. Indeed, the opinion in that case and the opinion announced in Stone v. Bank, supra, are decisive against the appellants, who were complainants below, as to every issue which arises for decision on these records, and the decrees below rendered are therefore affirmed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Göttingen

See also Göttingen on Wikipedia; Göttingen, Göttingen University, and the Göttingen Seven on Wikipedia; Göttingen in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
Plan of Göttingen. :
| 1. Observatory. | 5. University Church. | 10. St James’s Church. |
| 2. Chemical Laboratory. | 6. St John’s Church. | 11. Lecture Rooms. |
| 3. Reading Room. | 7. Townhouse. | 12. Reformed Church. |
| 4. Catholic Church. | 8. Gymnasium. | 13. Synagogue. |
| | 9. University. | 14. Library and Museum. |
The earliest mention of a village of Goding or Gutingi occurs in documents of about 950 a.d. The place received municipal rights from the emperor Otho IV. about 1210, and from 1286 to 1463 it was the seat of the princely house of Braunschweig-Göttingen. During this period it held a high place among the towns of the Hanseatic League. In 1531 it joined the Reformation movement, and in the following century it suffered considerably by the Thirty Years War, having been taken by Tilly in 1626, after a siege of 25 days, and recaptured by the Swedes in 1632. After a century of decay, it was anew brought into importance by the establishment of its university; and a marked increase in its industrial and commercial prosperity has again taken place in recent years.
See Schmidt, Urkundenbuch der Stadt Göttingen 1400–1500 (1867); Pütter, Versuch einer akademischen Gelehrtengeschichte der Universität Göttingen (1765–88), continued by Saalfeld (1820) and by Oesterley (1838); Unger, Göttingen und die Georgia Augusta.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hainau

See also Chojnów on Wikipedia; Chojnów on Wikipedia; Hainau in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
HAINAU (officially Haynau), a town in the Prussian province of Silesia, circle of Goldberg-Hainau and government district of Liegnitz, is situated on the Rapid Deichsel and on the railway from Breslau to Dresden, 12 miles N.W. of Liegnitz. It has an Evangelical and a Roman Catholic church, and manufactories of woollen and cotton cloth, gloves, leather, locks, and tin ware. Near Hainau the Prussian cavalry inflicted a defeat on the French rear-guard, 26th May 1813. The population of the town in 1875 was 5351.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hamme

See also Hamme on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HAMME, a town of Belgium, in the province of East Flanders and the arrondissement of Termonde or Dendermonde, is situated on the right bank of the Durme, near its junction with the Scheldt, and 18 miles E.N.E. of Ghent. It contains grain and oil-mills, has manufactures of lace, ribbons, linen, starch, ropes, and cordage, and carries on trade in flax. Population (1876), 10,778.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hang-Chow-Foo

See also Hangzhou, Qiantang River, and West Lake on Wikipedia; Hang-chow-fu in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
Hang-chow-foo is the Kinsai of Marco Polo, who describes it as the finest and noblest city in the world, and speaks enthusiastically of the number and splendour of its mansions and the wealth and luxuriance of its inhabitants. According to his authority it had a circuit of 100 miles, and no fewer than 12,000 bridges and 3000 baths. The name Kinsai, which appears in Wassaf as Khanzai, in Ibn Batuta as Khansa, in Ordericus as Camsay, and elsewhere as Campsay and Cassay, is really a corruption of the Chinese King-se, capital, the same word which is still applied to Peking. From the 10th to the 13th century (960–1272) the city, whose real name was then Ling-nan, was the capital of Southern China and the seat of the Sung dynasty, which was dethroned by the Mongolians shortly before Marco Polo's visit. Up to 1861, when it was laid in ruins by the Taipings, Hangchow continued to maintain its position as one of the most flourishing cities in the empire, and though for a time it lay comparatively desolate, it has considerably recovered within recent years. It is the seat of the governor of Che-Keang; but the governor-general or viceroy for Che-Keang and Fuh-Keen is now located at Fuh-chow. See Colonel Yule’s edition of Marco Polo, vol. ii., for a plan of the city and further details.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hamm

See also Hamm on Wikipedia; Hamm in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
HAMM, a town of Prussia, capital of a circle in the government district of Arnsberg, province of Westphalia, is situated at the junction of several railways, on the Lippe at its confluence with the Ahse, 22 miles N.W. of Arnsberg. It is enclosed by walls, but the ditches which formerly surrounded it have been filled up and converted into promenades. The principal buildings are two Catholic and two Evangelical churches, a gymnasium, a poorhouse, an orphanage, and an infirmary. The town is flourishing and rapidly increasing, and possesses very extensive wire factories (in connexion with which there are puddling and rolling works), foundries, machine works, and manufactories of gloves, baskets, wadding, leather, sausages, sago, starch, chemicals, sugar-of-lead, gum, lac, varnish, oil, and beer. The population in 1875 was 18,877.
Hamm, which became a town about the end of the 11th century, was originally the capital of the countship of Mark, and was fortified in 1226. It became a member of the Hanseatic League. In 1614 it was besieged by the Dutch, and in 1622 it was taken by Tilly, after which during the Thirty Years’ War it was alternately in the hands of the imperial and the Hessian forces. In 1666 it came into the possession of Brandenburg. In 1761 and 1762 it was bombarded by the French, and in 1763 its fortifications were dismantled.
# Erhardt v. Boaro

United States Supreme Court
113 U.S. 537
Erhardt v. Boaro
Elihu Root, for appellant.
T. M. Patterson and C. S. Thomas, for appellee.
FIELD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Erhardt v. Schroeder

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
155 U.S. 124
Erhardt v. Schroeder
Asst. Atty. Gen. Whitney, for plaintiff in error.
Edwin B. Smith, for defendants in error.
Mr. Justice SHIRAS delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10983

more info.
See the Notes section for a listing of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President John F. Kennedy Saturday, December 30, 1961
Federal Register page & date: 27 FR 32, Thursday, January 4, 1962
Executive Order 10983 of December 30, 1961
Designating the Caribbean Organization as a Public International Organization Entitled to Enjoy Certain Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities
By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 1 of the International Organizations Immunities Act, approved December 29, 1945 (59 Stat. 669; 22 U.S.C. 288), and by the joint resolution of June 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 194, I hereby designate the Caribbean Organization as a public international organization entitled to enjoy the privileges, exemptions, and immunities conferred by the said International Organizations Immunities Act.
The designation of the above-named organization as a public international organization within the meaning of the said Act is not intended to abridge in any respect privileges, exemptions, and immunities to which such international organization may otherwise be or become entitled.
This order revokes Executive Order No. 10025 of December 30, 1948, to the extent that such order relates to the Caribbean Commission.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO
Revokes (in part):
* Executive Order 10025, December 30, 1948

### See Related

* Executive Order 9972, June 25, 1948
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 1099

more info.
Signed by President William H. Taft Monday, June 28, 1909
James M. Alexander, of Los Angeles, a colored man, may be appointed as cashier under the collector for the Sixth Internal-Revenue District of California, without respect to the civil-service regulations. This order is made because of the intention of President Roosevelt to make it at the time the district was created, but he was unable to carry out his intention because there was not sufficient money available until the beginning of the new fiscal year to organize the office. The ground upon which President Roosevelt intended to make the order was that Mr. Alexander was a colored man, that the colored population of California had not been properly recognized, and that the collector of the new district was greatly desirous of having a man appointed in whose fidelity and capacity for the discharge of the particular position he had great confidence by reason of a personal acquaintance.
The White House,
    June 28, 1909.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10977

more info.
See the Notes section for a listing of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President John F. Kennedy Monday, December 4, 1961
Federal Register page & date: 26 FR 11471, Tuesday, December 5, 1961
Executive Order 10977 of December 4, 1961
Establishing the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
By virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States and as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. There is hereby established the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal, with ribbons and appurtenances, for award to personnel of the Armed Forces of the United States who after July 1, 1958:
    (a) Participate, or have participated, as members of United States military units in a United States military operation in which personnel of any military department participate, in the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in significant numbers; and
    (b) Encounter, incident to such participation, foreign armed opposition, or are otherwise placed, or have been placed, in such position that, in the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, hostile action by foreign armed forces was imminent even though it did not materialize.
Sec. 2. The medal, with ribbons and appurtenances, shall be of appropriate design approved by the Secretary of Defense and shall be awarded by the Secretary of the military department directly concerned, and by the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to the United States Coast Guard, under uniform regulations to be issued by the Secretary of Defense.
Sec. 3. The medal shall be awarded only for operations for which no other United States campaign medal is approved. For operations in which personnel of only one military department participate, the medal shall be awarded only if there is no other suitable award available to that department. No more than one medal shall be awarded to any one person, but for each succeeding operation justifying such award a suitable device may be awarded to be worn on the medal or ribbon as prescribed by appropriate regulations.
Sec. 4. The medal may be awarded posthumously and, when so awarded, may be presented to such representative of the deceased as may be deemed appropriate by the Secretary of the department concerned.

## Notes
### Amended by

* Executive Order 11382, November 28, 1967;
* Executive Order 13286, February 28, 2003

### See Related

* Executive Order 13154, May 3, 2000
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10985

more info.
See the Notes section for a listing of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President John F. Kennedy Friday, January 12, 1962
Federal Register page & date: 27 FR 439, Tuesday, January 16, 1962
Executive Order 10985 of January 12, 1962
Amendment of Executive Order No. 10501, Relating to Safeguarding Official Information in the Interests of the Defense of the United States
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, and as President of the United States, and deeming such action necessary in the best interest of the national security, it is ordered that section 2 of Executive Order No. 10501 of November 5, 1953, as amended by Executive Order No. 10901 of January 9, 1961, be, and it is hereby, further amended as follows:

#### Section 1.

Subsection (a) of section 2 is amended (1) by deleting from the list of departments and agencies thereunder the Operations Coordinating Board, the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, the International Cooperation Administration, the Council on Foreign Economic Policy, the Development Loan Fund, and the President's Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, and (2) by adding thereto the following-named agencies:
Agency for International Development Office of Emergency Planning Peace Corps President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

#### Sec. 2.

Subsection (b) of section 2 is amended by deleting from the list of departments and agencies thereunder the Government Patents Board, and by adding thereto the following-named agency:
Federal Maritime Commission

#### Sec. 3.

The agencies which have been added by this order to the lists of departments and agencies under subsections (a) and (b) of section 2 of Executive Order No. 10501, as amended, shall be deemed to have had authority for classification of information or material from the respective dates on which such agencies were established.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Amends

* Executive Order 10501, November 5, 1953

### See Related

* Executive Order 10901, January 9, 1961;
* Executive Order 11097, February 28, 1963;
* Executive Order 11382, November 28, 1967;
Revoked (in effect) by:
* Executive Order 11652, March 8, 1972
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse