OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Birdcraft/Parus atricapillus

Poecile atricapillus
Plate 10.
1. Yellow Warbler. Length, 4.75–5 inches.
2. Chickadee. Length, 5.50 inches.
Chickadee; Black-capped Titmouse: Parus atricapillus
Plate 10. No. 2.

## Length

    5.60 inches.

## Male and Female: No crest. Above gray with a brownish tinge.

Crown and nape, and chin and throat black ; sides of head white. Below white, shading to light gray with brown wash. Wings and tail gray with white edgings. Bill and feet lead-black.

## Song

    Cheerful, conversational. “ Chickadee-deedee-dee!" varied in
winter with “Day, day, day ! “ and a whistle "Pears, pe—we."

## Season

    A resident.

## Breeds

    Nearly throughout its range.

## Nest

    Made of all sorts of soft material,—wool, fur, feathers, and hair, placed in holes in tree stumps.

## Eggs

    6—8, White, thickly sprinkled with warm brown.

## Range

    Eastern North America, north of the Potomac and Ohio Valley.
This hardy little fellow, always cheery and lovable, is a familiar figure in our light woods and garden trees in autumn and winter, seeming, by his good-nature and energy, to be trying to console us, in a measure, for the loss of the tree-haunting summer Warblers.
The Chickadee adapts himself to all surroundings and to all circumstances, suiting his appetite to what he can find, when insects fail, taking kindly to seeds, berries, cone-kernels, and crumbs.
In the winter of 1891—92, when the cold was severe, the snow deep, and the tree trunks often covered with ice, the Chickadees repaired in flocks daily to the kennel of my old dog Colin and fed from his dish, hopping over his back and calling “Chickadee, dee, dee,” in his face,—proceedings that he never in the least resented, but seemed rather to enjoy.
Taking a hint from this, I made a compound of finely minced meat, waste canary seed, buckwheat, and cracked oats, which was scattered in a sheltered spot from which the snow had been swept. This bird-hash was rapidly ​consumed, and I was convinced during that season that it was a food suited to the needs of all our winter~birds, both seed and insect eaters ﬁnding in it what they required.
The Chickadee breaks the silence of many Winter days with his jovial notes, and fairly begs for companionship:—
Chicrchicadeedee! saucy note Out of sound heart and merry throat, As if it said, “Good day, good sir! Fine afternoon, old passenger! Happy to meet you in these places, Where January brings few faces.”—R. W. Emerson.
# Birdcraft/Plate 10

Plate 10.
1. Yellow Warbler. Length, 4.75–5 inches.
2. Chickadee. Length, 5.50 inches.
# Birdcraft

* Birdcraft: A Field Book of Two Hundred Song, Game, and Water Birds (transcription project)
* Front matter
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
page :
| TO THE READER | xi |
| INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS: ||
| The Spring Song | 3 |
| The Building of the Nest | 11 |
| The Water-birds | 21 |
| Birds of Autumn and Winter | 25 |
| HOW TO NAME THE BIRDS | 35 |
| SYNOPSIS OF FAMILIES | 43 |
| BIRD BIOGRAPHIES: ||
| Perching Song-birds | 57 |
| Perching Songless Birds | 182 |
| Birds of Prey | 206 |
| Pigeons, Quails, Grouse | 225 |
| Shore and Marsh Birds | 231 |
| Swimming Birds | 255 |
| KEY TO THE BIRDS | 281 |
| INDEX OF ENGLISH NAMES | 309 |
| INDEX OF LATIN NAMES | 315 |
LIST OF PLATES.
Much of the technical excellence of these plates in due to the fine specimens of birds furnished the artist through the courtesy of the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. In this connection both illustrator and author wish to thank Dr. J. A. Allen and Mr. Frank M. Chapman of the department of ornithology in that institution.
The numerals on the plates indicate the approximate length of each bird, small fractions being avoided. The point of measurement being from the tip of beak over the back to the end of the tail, it must be remembered that this length is often variable according to the development of the tail.

## License

This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Birdcraft/Fawcett Edgar quote

When the mild gold stars flower out, As the summer gleaming goes, A dim shape quivers about Some sweet rich heart of a rose. * * * * * * * Then you, by thoughts of it stirred, Still dreamily question them: “Is it a gem, half bird,
—Edgar Fawcett.
# Birdcraft/Plate 11

Plate 11.
1. White-breasted Nuthatch. Length, 5.50–6 inches.
2. Brown Creeper. Length, 5.50 inches.
# Bible (Literal Standard Version)/Key Scriptures

KEY SCRIPTURES
# Bindczyck v. Finucane

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Reed
United States Supreme Court
342 U.S. 76
Bindczyck v. Finucane
Argued: Oct. 10, 1951. --- Decided: Nov 26, 1951
Mr. Joseph A. Fanelli, Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. James L. Morrisson, Washington, D.C., for respondents.
Mr. Justice FRANKFURTER delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Binderup v. Pathe Exchange

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
263 U.S. 291
Binderup v. Pathe Exchange
Argued: Oct. 16, 1923. --- Decided: Nov 19, 1923
Mr. Dana B. Van Dusen, of Omaha, Neb., for plaintiff in error.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 292-294 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. Wm. M. Seabury, of Los Angeles, Cal., and Arthur F. Mullen, of Omaha, Neb., for defendants in error.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 295-301 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Bohemia: An Historical Sketch

* related portals: Czech lands.
* sister projects: Commons category, Wikidata item.
CONTENTS
| CHAP. | PAGE |
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Bohemia: An Historical Sketch/Back matter

Printed in Great Britain by Richard Clay & Sons, Limited, brunswick st., stamford st., s.e. i, and bungay, suffolk.
# Bohemia's claim for freedom/Title

PUBLISHED ON BEHALF OF
THE LONDON CZECH COMMITTEE
By CHATTO 🙲 WINDUS
MCMXV
# Beutler v. Grand Trunk Junction Railway Company

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* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
224 U.S. 85
Beutler v. Grand Trunk Junction Railway Company
Argued: March 6, 1912. --- Decided: March 18, 1912
Messrs. James J. Barbour, Elmer E. Beach, and Raymond W. Beach for Beutler, administrator.
Mr. George W. Kretzinger for the railway companies.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 86-88 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Bevan - Sir William Petty (1894)

Sir William Petty : A Study in English Economic Literature was published as Vol. IX, no. 4 of the Publications of the American Economic Association
Sir William Petty
PUBLICATIONS
OF THE
American Economic Association
| Vol. IX. No. 4 | $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | Six numbers a year. |
| Vol. IX. No. 4 | $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | Price $ 4.00 a year. |
Sir William Petty
A Study in English Economic Literature
BY
WILSON LLOYD BEVAN, M.A., Ph.D.
Sometime Scholar of The Johns Hopkins University and Fellow of Columbia College
American Economic Association
August, 1894
Copyright, 1894, by American Economic Association.
BALTIMORE: From the Press of Guggenheimer, Weil & Co.
1894.
PREFACE.
The following monograph, originally prepared as a dissertation, is presented with a good deal of diffidence to a wider public. Sir William Petty seems to merit more attention than he has hitherto received. An ordinary student must generally content himself with the few pages devoted to him by Roscher or by Cunningham. What has here been done is designed to give a fuller account than can at present be found elsewhere, with the hope of calling forth in the future a more satisfactory work than this can pretend to be. The reason for the space given up to Petty' s biography may not be very apparent. It is believed that it will be found to throw some light on his writings. Petty was no littérateur. His own experience and career supplied him with the material of his "Tracts."
I wish here, as I have had no opportunity in the work itself, to express my great obligations to my honored friend, Professor Brentano, of the University of Munich. Without implying any responsibility on his part, it can with truth be said that, without his direction and encouragement, this essay would not have been undertaken or completed. It is pleasant for me here to record that a kind word from Professor Cossa, of Pavia, well known for his tenderness towards youthful work, induced me to think of republishing what seemed to me too imperfect even to offer as a short-lived contribution to a neglected field of study.
W. L. B.
Concord, Mass.,
September, 1894.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
# Beutler v. Grand Trunk Junction Railway Company/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
224 U.S. 85
Beutler v. Grand Trunk Junction Railway Company
Argued: March 6, 1912. --- Decided: March 18, 1912
The deceased, Fetta, was at work in the repair yard of a railroad; other servants of the road, an engine and switching crew, ran a car needing repair from the general tracks into the special yard, and by their negligence killed him. There was no further relation between the parties than these facts disclose, and the question is certified whether they were fellow servants within the rule that would exempt the railroad from liability in that case.
The doctrine as to fellow servants may be, as it has been called, a bad exception to a bad rule, but it is established, and it is not open to courts to do away with it upon their personal notions of what is expedient. So it has been decided that in cases tried in the United States courts we must follow our own understanding of the common law when no settled rule of property intervenes. Kuhn v. Fairmont Coal Co. 215 U.S. 349, 54 L. ed. 228, 30 Sup. Ct. Rep. 140; Northern P. R. Co. v. Hambly, 154 U.S. 349, 360, 38 L. ed. 1009, 1013, 14 Sup. Ct. Rep. 983.
The precedents in this court carry the doctrine as far as it is necessary to carry it in this case to show that the two persons concerned were engaged in a common employment. No testimony can shake the obvious fact that the character of their respective occupations brought the people engaged in them into necessary and frequent contact, although they may have had no personal relations. Every time that a car was to be repaired it had to be switched into the repair yard. There is no room for the exception to the rule that exists where the negligence consists in the undisclosed failure to furnish a safe place to work in,-an exception that perhaps has been pushed to an extreme in the effort to limit the rule. Santa Fe Pacific R. Co. v. Holmes, 202 U.S. 438, 50 L. ed. 1094, 26 Sup. Ct. Rep. 676; McCabe & S.C.onstr. Co. v. Wilson, 209 U.S. 275, 52 L. ed. 788, 28 Sup. Ct. Rep. 558. The head of the switching crew and the deceased were as clearly fellow servants as the section hand and engineer in Texas & P. R. Co. v. Bourman, 212 U.S. 536, 53 L. ed. 641, 29 Sup. Ct. Rep. 319; Northern P. R. Co. v. Hambly, 154 U.S. 349, 38 L. ed. 1009, 14 Sup. Ct. Rep. 983. It may be that in the state court the question would be left to the jury (Gathman v. Chicago, 236 Ill. 9, 19 L.R.A.(N.S.) 1178, 86 N. E. 152, 15 A. & E. Ann. Cas. 830; Indiana, I. & I. R. Co. v. Otstot, 212 Ill. 429, 72 N. E. 387) but whether certain facts do or do not constitute a ground of liability is in its nature a question of law. To leave it uncertain is to leave the law uncertain. If the law is bad, the legislature, not juries, must make a change. We answer the certificate, Yes.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Brown v. Mississippi

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, quotes, Wikidata item.
Brown v. Mississippi, 297 U.S. 278, (1936), was a United States Supreme Court case that ruled that a defendant's confessions that is extracted by police violence cannot be entered as evidence and violates the Due Process Clause. Warning: template has been deprecated.
United States Supreme Court
297 U.S. 278
Brown v. Mississippi
Argued: Jan. 10, 1936. --- Decided: Feb 17, 1936
Messrs. Earl Brewer and J. Morgan Stevens, both of Jackson, Miss., for petitioners.
Messrs. W. D. Conn, of Corinth, Miss., and W. H. Maynard, of Baltimore, Md., for respondent.
Mr. Chief Justice HUGHES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Brown v. O'Keefe

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
300 U.S. 598
Brown v. O'Keefe
Argued: March 8, 1937. --- Decided: March 29, 1937
Mr. Wm. Elmer Brown, Jr., of Atlantic City, N.J., for petitioner.
Mr. George P. Barse, of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Brown v. New Jersey

Brown v. New Jersey, 175 U.S. 172 (1899), is a United States Supreme Court case which held that the use of a struck jury did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment. Warning: template has been deprecated.
United States Supreme Court
175 U.S. 172
Brown v. New Jersey
Argued: October 30, 1899. --- Decided: November 20, 1899
The plaintiff in error was, on October 5, 1898, in the court of oyer and terminer of Hudson county, New Jersey, found guilty of the crime of murder. On March 6, 1899, the judgment of the court of oyer and terminer was affirmed by the New Jersey court of errors and appeals, and the case being remanded to the trial court plaintiff in error was, on April 19, 1899, sentenced to be hanged. The jury which tried the case was what is known to the New Jersey statutes as a 'struck jury,' authority for which is found in chap. 237, p. 894, Laws of New Jersey (1898). Sections 75 and 76 read as follows:
'Sec. 75. The supreme court, court of oyer and terminer, and court of quarter sessions, respectively, or any judge thereof, may, on motion in behalf of the state, or defendant in any indictment, order a jury to be struck for the trial thereof, and upon making said order the jury shall be struck, served, and returned in the same manner as in case of struck juries ordered in the trial of civil causes, except as herein otherwise provided.
'Sec. 76. When a rule for a struck jury shall be entered in any criminal case, the court granting such rule may, on motion of the prosecutor, or of the defendant, or on its own motion, select from the persons qualified to serve as jurors in and for the county in which any indictment was found, whether the names of such persons appear on the sheriff's book of persons qualified to serve as jurors in and for such county or not, ninety-six names, with their places of abode, from which the prosecutor and the defendant shall each strike twenty-four names in the usual way, and the remaining forty-eight names shall be placed by the sheriff in the box, in the presence of the court, and from the names so placed in the box the jury shall be drawn in the usual way.'
By §§ 80 and 81 of that statute, where there is no 'struck jury' and the party is on trial for murder, he is entitled to twenty peremptory challenges and the state to twelve, but in the case of a 'struck jury' each party is allowed only five peremptory challenges.
Messrs. William D. Daly and Joseph M. Noonan for plaintiff in error.
Mr. James S. Erwin for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Brewer delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Biographia Hibernica/Charles Caldwell

CHARLES CALDWELL,
Brother of the above Henry Caldwell, was first-lieutenant of the Stirling man-of-war, when she was ordered home from America, upon which he procured himself to be removed to the Trident, that he might assist in the reduction of Canada. He distinguished himself so much in debarking the troops at Port, in the island of Orleans, that General Wolfe took him into his family, and employed him as a marine aid-de-camp in the whole campaign for whatever related to the sea-service. The two brothers, Henry and Charles, led on each of them a party of grenadiers at the attack of Montmorency, where Charles was wounded in the leg with a musket-ball. He recovered so far as to be able to attend General Wolfe in the reduction of Quebec, and was near him when he fell. His superior officers bore most decided testimony of his extraordinary merit. He died in 1776, chiefly through exerting himself beyond his strength, in raising men for the navy.
# Biographia Hibernica

* information about this edition.
* related portals: Biography.
Shortcut: BH
* Volume 1
* Volume 2
# Biographia Hibernica/Andrew Caldwell

ANDREW CALDWELL,
A literary character, was the eldest son of Charles Caldwell, Esq. an eminent solicitor, and was born in Dublin, in the year 1732. He received part of his education in one of the Scotch universities, from whence he removed to London, and after having resided for about five years in the Temple, returned to Dublin, where he was admitted to the bar in 1760. But his father being possessed of a good estate, fully adequate to his son’s wishes, he did not prosecute with “unremitting ardour” the dull and tedious study of the law, and for several years before his death, had quitted it altogether. His literary and studious disposition, conjoined with his taste for the fine arts, always occupied every leisure hour, as he patronised liberally all those who excelled in any of the various branches of art.
He had made architecture the chief object of his study, and about the year 1770, published anonymously, some very judicious “Observations on the Public Buildings of Dublin,” and on some edifices which at that period were about to be erected in that city, at the expense of the state. The only other known production of his pen that has been published, is a very curious “Account of the extraordinary Escape of James Stewart, Esq. (commonly called Athenian Stewart) by being put to death by some Turks, in whose company he happened to be travelling;” the substance of which had been communicated to Mr Caldwell by the late Dr. Percy, Bishop of Dromore, as related to his lordship by Stewart himself. Of this narrative, of which only a small number was printed at London in 1804, for the use of the author’s friends, it is believed not more than a dozen copies were distributed in this country.
Mr. Caldwell’s literary taste naturally led him to collect a large library, which contained many rare volumes, and was particularly rich in botany and natural history.
He died at the house of his nephew, Major-General ​Cockburn, near Bray, in the county of Wicklow, on the 2nd of July, 1808, in the seventy-sixth year of his age, after an illness of nearly three months duration. His manners were gentle and pleasing, and as his benevolence and other virtues caused him to be generally respected through life, so his urbanity, variety of knowledge, and cultivated taste, endeared him to the circle in which he moved.
# Biographia Hibernica/James Arthur

* related portals: James Arthur.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
JAMES ARTHUR,
Professor of divinity in the university of Salamanca, was a native of Limerick, and professed himself a Dominican friar in the abbey of St. Stephen's, at Salamanca. After teaching for some years with great applause in several convents of his order, in Spain, he received the degree of Doctor in the university of Salamanca, and was appointed professor of divinity. Having filled this post with great credit, for many years, he was requested to take the first chair in the university of Coimbra, which he held with general applause till the revolution in favour of the Duke of Braganza rendered Portugal independent ​of the throne of Spain. But this happy change in the affairs of the nation proved fatal to the rising prospects of Arthur, for his great merit, having procured him many enemies, they made a pretence of the devotion of the new king to the immaculate conception, to prevail on that monarch to oblige all the professors of the university to swear to defend that doctrine, which, being a controverted point between the disciples of Duns Scotus and Thomas Aquinas, the former maintaining the affirmative, and the latter the negative, in which he was supported by the Dominicans, and Arthur, having, on his admission into, the order, sworn to maintain his doctrine, on his refusal of the new oath, was deprived of his professorship, in 1642. He withdrew to the royal convent of St. Dominick, at Lisbon, where he died about the year 1670. He wrote "Commentaria in totum ferè S. Thomæ de Aquino Sumenem," in two volumes, one of which was published in 1665, folio; and, at the time of his death, he was preparing ten volumes more of the above learned work.
# Biographia Hibernica/Henry Caldwell

HENRY CALDWELL,
Great grandson of Sir James, and brother of Hume Caldwell, served as captain of the 36th regiment of foot, ​with the rank of major in the army, under the command of the great General Wolfe. He distinguished himself both at the capture of Louisburg and of Quebec. He so far recommended himself to the favour and kindness of the general, that he made him live with him in his own family, and expressed his esteem and regard for him by leaving him a legacy in his will. After the conquest of Canada, he was made a privy counsellor of the province, and was appointed lieutenant-colonel-commandant of the British militia for the defence of Quebec, when it was invested by the Americans under General Montgomery. He distinguished himself, by his gallantry and skill, in defence of the fortress, on which account General Carleton sent him home with the important news of the entire defeat of the enemy, and the raising of the siege; on which occasion he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel on the day of his arrival.
# Bruce's Address

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This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* "Bruce's Address", poem by Robert Burns
* Bruce's Address, Scottish chapbook
# Brownsville v. Cavazos

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
100 U.S. 138
Brownsville v. Cavazos
ERROR to the Circuit Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Texas.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Thomas J. Durant for the plaintiff in error.
Mr. James R. Cox for the defendant in error.
MR. JUSTICE FIELD delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse