OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English Fairy Tales/Mr. Vinegar

Notes and References: tale 6
Mr. Vinegar
Poor Mr. Vinegar, his fingers grew very cold, and, just as he was leaving the town, he met a man with a fine thick pair of gloves. "Oh, my fingers are so very cold," said Mr. Vinegar to himself. "Now if I had but those beautiful gloves I should be the happiest man alive." He went up to the man, and said to him: "Friend, you seem to have a capital pair of gloves there." "Yes, truly," cried the man; "and my ​hands are as warm as possible this cold November day." "Well," said Mr. Vinegar, "I should like to have them." "What will you give?" said the man; "as you are a friend, I don't much mind letting you have them for those bagpipes." "Done!" cried Mr. Vinegar. He put on the gloves, and felt perfectly happy as he trudged homewards.
At last he grew very tired, when he saw a man coming towards him with a good stout stick in his hand.
"Oh," said Mr. Vinegar, "that I had but that stick! I should then be the happiest man alive." He said to the man: "Friend, what a rare good stick you have got!" "Yes," said the man; "I have used it for many a long mile, and a good friend it has been; but if you have a fancy for it, as you are a friend, I don't mind giving it to you for that pair of gloves." Mr. Vinegar's hands were so warm, and his legs so tired, that he gladly made the exchange. As he drew near to the wood where he had left his wife, he heard a parrot on a tree calling out his name: "Mr. Vinegar, you foolish man, you blockhead, you simpleton; you went to the fair, and laid out all your money In buying a cow. Not content with that, you changed It for bagpipes, on which you could not play, and which were not worth one tenth of the money. You fool, you—you had no sooner got the bagpipes than you changed them for the gloves, which were not worth one quarter of the money; and when you had got the gloves, you changed them for a poor miserable stick; and now for your forty guineas, cow, ​pipes, and gloves, you have nothing to show but that poor miserable stick, which you might have cut in any hedge." On this the bird laughed and laughed, and Mr. Vinegar, falling into a violent rage, threw the stick at its head. The stick lodged in the tree, and he returned to his wife without money, cow, bagpipes, gloves, or stick, and she instantly gave him such a sound cudgelling that she almost broke every bone in his skin.
# English Fairy Tales/Master of all Masters

See note 42
Master of all Masters
He said to her: "What will you call me?"
"Master or mister, or whatever you please sir," says she.
He said: "You must call me 'master of all masters.' And what would you call this?" pointing to his bed.
"Bed or couch, or whatever you please, sir."
"No, that's my 'barnacle.' And what do you call these?" said he pointing to his pantaloons.
"Breeches or trousers, or whatever you please, sir."
"You must call them 'squibs and crackers.' And what would you call her?" pointing to the cat.
​"Cat or kit, or whatever you please, sir."
"You must call her 'white-faced simminy.' And this now," showing the fire, "what would you call this?"
"Fire or flame, or whatever you please, sir."
"You must call it 'hot cockalorum,' and what this?" he went on, pointing to the water.
"Water or wet, or whatever you please, sir."
"No, 'pondalorum' is its name. And what do you call all this?" asked he as he pointed to the house.
"House or cottage, or whatever you please, sir."
"You must call it 'high topper mountain.'"
That very night the servant woke her master up in a fright and said: "Master of all masters, get out of your barnacle and put on your squibs and crackers. For white-faced simminy has got a spark of hot cockalorum on its tail, and unless you get some pondalorum high topper mountain will be all on hot cockalorum" . .
. . . . . . That's all.
# English Fairy Tales/Mouse and Mouser

Notes and References: tale 10
Mouse and Mouser
THE Mouse went to visit the Cat, and found her sitting behind the hall door, spinning.
Mouse.
What are you doing, my lady, my lady, What are you doing, my lady?
Cat (sharply).
I'm spinning old breeches, good body, good body, I'm spinning old breeches, good body.
Mouse.
Long may you wear them, my lady, my lady, Long may you wear them, my lady.
Cat (gruffly).
I'll wear 'em and tear 'em, good body, good body.
I'll wear 'em and tear 'em, good body.
Mouse.
I was sweeping my room, my lady, my lady,
I was sweeping my room, my lady.
Cat.
The cleaner you'd be, good body, good body,
The cleaner you'd be, good body.
Mouse.
I found a silver sixpence, my lady, my lady,
I found a silver sixpence, my lady.
Cat.
The richer you were, good body, good body.
The richer you were, good body.
Mouse.
I went to the market, my lady, my lady,
I went to the market, my lady.
Cat.
The further you went, good body, good body,
The further you went, good body.
Mouse.
I bought me a pudding, my lady, my lady,
I bought me a pudding, my lady.
Cat (snarling).
The more meat you had, good body, good body, The more meat you had, good body.
Mouse.
I put it in the window to cool, my lady, I put it in the window to cool.
Cat (sharply).
The faster you 'd eat it, good body, good body, The faster you 'd eat it, good body.
Mouse. (timidly).
The cat came and ate it, my lady, my lady, The cat came and ate it, my lady.
Cat (pouncingly).
And I'll eat you, good body, good body, And I'll eat you, good body.
(Springs upon the mouse and kills it.)
# "Faith" is a fine invention

* "Faith is a fine invention" in Poems: Second Series (1891)
* "Faith is a fine invention" in The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson (1924)
# "Farewell, Farewell, Unwashed Russia"

The poem was written between 1840 and 1841 in connection with his exile to the Caucasus, first published in 1887. A literal translation is as follows: “Farewell, unwashed Russia, / land of slaves, land of lords, / and you, blue uniforms, / and you, people, obedient to them. / Perhaps beyond the ridge of Caucasus / I will hide from your pashas, / from their all-seeing eye, / from their all-hearing ears.”
* Farewell, farewell, unwashed Russia,
* The land of slaves, the land of lords,
* And you, blue uniforms of gendarmes,
* And you, obedient to them folks.
* Perhaps beyond Caucasian mountains
* I’ll hide myself from your pashas,
* From their eyes that are all-seeing,
* From their ever hearing ears. <1841>
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# "From Hell" letter

From hell
Mr Lusk
Sor
I send you half the Kidne I took from one women prasarved it for you tother piece I fried and ate it was very nise. I may send you the bloody knif that took it out if you only wate a whil longer.
Signed
Catch me when you can Mishter Lusk
This work was published in 1888 and is anonymous or pseudonymous due to unknown authorship. It is in the public domain in the United States as well as countries and areas where the copyright terms of anonymous or pseudonymous works are 135 years or less since publication.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Ch'ên Yüan-pin

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​CH'ÊN Yüan-pin 陳元贇 (T. 義都, H. 既白山人, 菊秀軒, 升庵, 芝山) 1587–1671, was a native of Hangchow, Chekiang. In the spring of 1621 he accompanied Shan Fêng-hsiang 單鳳翔, an official of Chekiang, on a journey to Japan to lodge a protest against piratical activities along the China coast. During his sojourn in Japan, Ch'ên composed verses with Hayashi Nobukatsu 林信勝 (H. 羅山, 1553–1657) and others. He went back to China but in 1638 returned to Japan. Soon after his arrival in Nagasaki he fell ill, but later he secured a position with the Lord of Owari at a stipend of 60 koku of rice per annum. He produced one scholarly work on Lao-tzŭ, entitled 老子通考 Rōshi tsukō. Together with a priest, Gensei 元政 (1623–1668), he composed and published some eighty poems under the title, 元々倡和集 Gen Gen shōwa shū, in 2 chüan. By introducing the poems of Yüan Hung-tao 袁宏道 (T. 中郎, H. 石公, 1568–1610) to Gensei he indirectly made a valuable contribution to the ​development of Japanese poetry. In 1660 Ch'ên's patron ordered a kiln built, and Ch'ên manufactured a number of pieces of porcelain modelled after imported Annam ware and modified by his own orginal patterns. Later this ware was called Gen-pin-yaki, i.e., "[Ch'ên] Yüan-pin ware."
To Ch'ên is also frequently ascribed the introduction of jūjutsu 柔術. An anonymous work, 拳法秘書 Kempō hisho, published some time before 1683, stated that jūjutsu had originated in Japan following a conversation between Ch'ên and three rōnin regarding the Chinese method of seizing a man. This theory has since been widely accepted. However, careful investigation by competent scholars has disclosed the prior existence of a similar art known as yawara, and Ch'ên probably should not be regarded as the founder of jūjutsu, but rather as one who gave it the stimulus that inspired its later prodigious development. He died in 1671 and his remains were interred at the Kenchū monastery in Nagoya.
[Gen Gen shōwa shū; 先哲叢談 Sentetsu sōdan 2; Tsuji Zennosuke 辻善之肋, 海外交通史話 Kaigai kōtsū shiwa pp. 660–80; Shimokawa Ushio 下川潮, 陳元贇と柔道の始祖, 史林, Chin Gen-pin to judō no shiso (Shirin) 6/2/35; 附錄雜書僎者小傳 Furoku zassho senja shōden in 續史籍集覽 Zoku Shiseki shūran 6; 尾張名家誌 Owari meika shi 上卷; 好古類纂 Kōko ruisan 3, with portrait; 尾張名所圖會 Owari meisho zuye 2; 尾張敬公 Owari Kei-kō (1910), p. 99.]
Shunzo Sakamaki
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Ch'ên T'ing-ching

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​CH'ÊN T'ing-ching 陳廷敬 (T. 子端, H. 說巖 and 午亭), 1639–1712, May, official, was a native of Tse-chou, Shansi. His name was originally Ch'ên Ching, but when he took his chin-shih degree in 1658, it was found that another successful competitor bore exactly the same name. Consequently Emperor Shih-tsu added the vocable "T'ing" in order to differentiate the two. After filling various posts in the government, Ch'ên T'ing-ching was in 1676 appointed sub chancellor of the Grand Secretariat. Soon thereafter he became chancellor of the Hanlin Academy and served, together with Chang Ying [q. v.], in the Hung-tê tien 弘德殿. In 1678 he was ordered to serve in the Imperial Study (see under Chang Ying), but soon returned home to observe the period of mourning for his mother who died in that year. Appointed chief-examiner of the metropolitan examination in 1682, he was charged in the same year with the compilation of the music for court festivals and gatherings. In 1684 he had control of the mint under the Board of Revenue, and in that capacity memorialized the throne recommending a decrease in the weight of copper coins and the opening of copper mines to private operation in order that the price of the metal would not be higher than the coins and thus encourage the practice of melting down currency. This recommendation was sanctioned and carried out as he proposed. Made senior president of the Censorate in 1684, he two years later became president of the Board of Works, and a director of the Historiographical Board which produced the history of the Ming Dynasty (Ming-shih). He became a director of this same Board again in 1694, and had to do also with several other literary projects sponsored by the government.
When the governor of Hupeh, Chang Ch'ien 張汧 (T. 蕙嶫, H. 壺陽, a chin-shih of 1646) became involved in 1688 in a bribery case, Ch'ên T'ing-ching, being a relative of the accused, retired. Two years later he was recalled, but before long had to relinguish his post for a period of mourning. In 1703 he was made Grand Secretary of the Wên-yüan ko 文淵閣 and in 1705 accompanied Emperor Shêng-tsu on the latter's fifth tour of the South. Although granted leave to retire on grounds of ill-health in 1710, the death of one Grand Secretary, Chang Yü-shu, and the absence of another, Li Kuang-ti [qq. v.], on sick leave made it necessary to recall him immediately to look after governmental affairs. He died at his post in 1712 and was canonized as Wên-ch'ên 文貞. His literary collection, 午亭文編 Wu-t'ing wên-pien in 50 chüan, was first printed in 1708 in the facsimile calligraphy of Lin Chi [q. v.]. A supplement to it, entitled Wu-t'ing shan-jên ti-êr-chih (山人第二集), 3 chüan, was printed later. Ch'ên T'ing-ching had three sons: Ch'ên Ch'ien-chi 陳謙吉, for a time sub-prefect of Huai-an-fu, Kiangsu; Ch'ên Yü-p'êng 陳豫朋 (T. 堯愷, H. 濂村, chin-shih of 1694); and Ch'ên Chuang-li 陳壯履 (T. 禮叔, H. 幼安, 潛安, chin-shih of 1697).
[1/273/5b; 3/7/8a; Ts'ê-chou-fu chih (1783) 36/33b; Shansi t'ung-chih (1734) 122/37b; Ssŭ-k'u (see under Chi Yün) 173/4b, 182/6a.]
Tu Lien-chê
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cort, Cornelis

See also Cornelis Cort on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORT, CORNELIS (1536–1578), Dutch engraver, was born at Horn in Holland, and studied engraving under Hieronymus Cockx of Antwerp. About 1565 he went to Venice, where Titian employed him to execute the well-known copperplates of St Jerome in the Desert, the Magdalen, Prometheus, Diana and Actaeon, and Diana and Calisto. From Italy he wandered back to the Netherlands, but he returned to Venice soon after 1567, proceeding thence to Bologna and Rome, where he produced engravings from all the great masters of the time. At Rome he founded the well-known school in which, as Bartsch tells us, the simple line of Marcantonio was modified by a brilliant touch of the burin, afterwards imitated and perfected by Agostino Caracci in Italy and Nicolas de Bruyn in the Netherlands. Before visiting Italy, Cort had been content to copy Michael Coxcie, F. Floris, Heemskerk, G. Mostaert, Bartholomäus Spranger and Stradan. In Italy he gave circulation to the works of Raphael, Titian, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Baroccio, Giulio Clovio, Muziano and the Zuccari. His connexion with Cockx and Titian is pleasantly illustrated in a letter addressed to the latter by Dominick Lampson of Liége in 1567. Cort is said to have engraved upwards of one hundred and fifty-one plates. In Italy he was known as Cornelio Fiammingo.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Corssen, Wilhelm Paul

See also Wilhelm Paul Corssen on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORSSEN, WILHELM PAUL (1820–1875), German philologist, was born at Bremen on the 20th of January 1820, and received his school education in the Prussian town of Schwedt, to which his father, a merchant, had removed. After spending some time at the Joachimsthal Gymnasium in Berlin, where his interest in philological pursuits was awakened by the rector, Meinike, he proceeded to the university, and there came especially under the influence of Böckh and Lachmann. His first important appearance in literature was as the author of Origines poesis romanae, by which he had obtained the prize offered by the “philosophical” or “arts” faculty of the university. In 1846 he was called from Stettin, where he had for nearly two years held a post in the gymnasium, to occupy the position of lecturer in the royal academy at Pforta (commonly called Schulpforta), and there he continued to labour for the next twenty years. In 1854 he won a prize offered by the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences for the best work on the pronunciation and accent of Latin, a treatise which at once took rank, on its publication under the title of Über Aussprache, Vocalismus, und Betonung der lateinischen Sprache (1858–1859), as one of the most erudite and masterly works in its department. This was followed in 1863 by his Kritische Beiträge zur lat. Formenlehre, which were supplemented in 1866 by Kritische Nachträge zur lat. Formenlehre. In the discussion of the pronunciation of Latin he was naturally led to consider the various old Italian dialects, and the results of his investigations appeared in miscellaneous communications to Kuhn’s Zeitschrift für vergleichende Schriftforschung. Ill-health obliged him to give up his professorship at Pforta, and return to Berlin, in 1866; but it produced almost no diminution of his literary activity. In 1867 he published an elaborate archaeological study entitled the Alterthümer und Kunstdenkmale des Cistercienserklosters St Marien und der Landesschule Pforta, in which he gathers together all that can be discovered about the history of the Pforta academy, the German “Eton,” and in 1868–1869 he brought out a new edition of his ​work on Latin pronunciation. From a very early period he had been attracted to the special study of Etruscan remains, and had at various times given occasional expression to his opinions on individual points; but it was not till 1870 that he had the opportunity of visiting Italy and completing his equipment for a formal treatment of the whole subject by personal inspection of the monuments. In 1874 appeared the first volume of Über die Sprache der Etrusker, in which with great ingenuity and erudition he endeavoured to prove that the Etruscan language was cognate with that of the Romans. Before the second volume (published posthumously under the editorship of Kuhn) had received the last touches of his hand, he was cut off in 1875 by a comparatively early death.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cortes

See also Cortes on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORTES, a Spanish term literally signifying the “courts,” and applied to the states, or assembly of the states, of the kingdom. (See Spain and Portugal.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Corsicana

See also Corsicana, Texas on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORSICANA, a city and the county-seat of Navarro county, Texas, U.S.A., situated in the N.E. part of the state, about 55 m. S. of Dallas. Pop. (1890) 6285; (1900) 9313, of whom 2399 were of negro descent; (1910 census) 9749. It is served by the Houston & Texas Central, the St Louis South Western, and the Trinity & Brazos Valley railways. It is the centre of a large and productive wheat- and cotton-growing region, which has also numerous oil wells (with a total production in 1907 of 226,311 barrels). The city has two oil refineries, a large cotton gin and a cotton compress, and among its manufactures are cotton-seed oil, cotton-cloth, flour and ice. The total value of the factory product in 1905 was $1,796,805, being an increase of 50.3% since 1900. Natural gas is extensively used for fuel and for lighting. Corsicana is the seat of the Texas state orphan home and of an Odd Fellows widows’ and orphans’ home, and has a Carnegie library. Corsicana was named in honour of the wife of a Mexican, Navarro, who owned a large tract of land in the county and from whom the county was named. The first permanent settlement here was made in 1848, and Corsicana was incorporated as a village in 1850 and chartered as a city in 1871.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Corsini

See also Corsini on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORSINI, the name of a Florentine princely family, of which the founder is said to be Neri Corsini, who flourished about the year 1170. Like other Florentine nobles the Corsini had at first no titles, but in more recent times they received many from foreign potentates and from the later grand dukes of Tuscany. The emperor Charles IV. created the head of the house a count palatine in 1371; the marquisate of Sismano was conferred on them in 1620, those of Casigliano and Civitella in 1629, of Lajatico and Orciatico in 1644, of Giovagallo and Tresana in 1652; in 1730 Lorenzo Corsini was elected pope as Clement XII., and conferred the rank of Roman princes and the duchy of Casigliano on his family, and in 1732 they were created grandees of Spain. They own two palaces in Florence, one of which on the Lung’ Arno Corsini contains the finest private picture gallery in the city, and many villas and estates in various parts of Italy.
See L. Passerini, Genealogia e storia della famiglia Corsini (Florence, 1858); A. von Reumont, Geschichte der Stadt Rom (Berlin, 1868); Almanach de Gotha. (L. V.*)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Corson, Hiram

See also Hiram Corson on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORSON, HIRAM (1828– ), American scholar, was born on the 6th of November 1828, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He held a position in the library of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. (1849–1856), was a lecturer on English literature in Philadelphia (1859–1865), and was professor of English at Girard College, Philadelphia (1865–1866), and in St John’s College, Annapolis, Maryland (1866–1870). In 1870–1871 he was professor of rhetoric and oratory at Cornell University, where he was professor of Anglo-Saxon and English literature (1872–1886), of English literature and rhetoric (1886–1890), and from 1890 to 1903 (when he became professor emeritus) of English literature, a chair formed for him. He edited Chaucer’s Legende of Goode Women (1863) and Selections from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1896), and wrote a Hand-Book of Anglo-Saxon and Early English (1871), and, among other text-books, An Elocutionary Manual (1864), A Primer of English Verse (1892), and Introductions to the study of Browning (1886, 1889), of Shakespeare (1889) and of Milton (1899). The volume on Shakespeare and the Jottings on the Text of Macbeth (1874) contain some excellent Shakespearian criticism. He also published The University of the Future (1875), The Aims of Literary Study (1895), and The Voice and Spiritual Education (1896). He translated the Satires of Juvenal (1868) and edited a translation by his wife, Caroline Rollin (d. 1901), of Pierre Janet’s Mental State of Hystericals (1901).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Corte

See also Corte, Haute-Corse on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​CORTE, a town of central Corsica, 52 m. N.E. of Ajaccio by the railway between that town and Bastia. Pop. (1906) 4839. The upper town is situated on a precipitous rock overhanging the confluence of the Tavignano and Restonica, the rest of the town lying below it on both banks of the rivers. On the summit of the rock stands a citadel built by Vincentello d’Istria (see Corsica). Other interesting buildings are the house in which Pasquale Paoli lived while Corte was the seat of his government (1755 to 1769), and the house of another patriot, Giampietro Gaffori, whose wife defended it from the Genoese in 1750. There are statues of Paoli, of General Gaffori, and of General Arrighi di Casanova, duke of Padua (d. 1853). Corte is capital of an arrondissement of the island, has a subprefecture, a tribunal of first instance and a communal college, and manufactures alimentary paste. There are marble quarries in the vicinity, and the town has trade in wine and timber. In the 18th century Corte was the centre of the resistance to the Genoese, and it was the seat of a university erected by Paoli.