OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Western, Richard Roger

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​WESTERN. (Commander, 1846.)
Richard Roger Western is youngest son, by Mary, daughter of Thos. Burch, Esq., of the island of Bermuda, of Rear-Admiral Thos. Western, K.T.S., of Tattingstone Place, co. Suffolk, who commanded the Tamar 38, at the capture of the French frigate Républicaine of 32 guns, 26 Aug. 1799, assisted in 1807, when Captain of the London 98, in escorting the Royal Family, of Portugal in its flight to the Brazils, and died in Dec. 1814. He is brother of Lieut. Geo. Edw. Western, R.N., who died in 1825, of Major Maximilian Jas. Western of the 64th Regt., and of Capt. Wm. Chas. Western of the 32nd Madras Infantry; and cousin of Lieut. Geo. Western, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy 13 Nov. 1829; obtained his first commission 11 June, 1841; and irom 21 Aug. following until within a short period o£ his promotion to the rank of Commander, which took place 9 Nov. 1846, was employed in the Pique 36, Capts. Henry. Forbes and Hon. Montagu Stopford, on the North America and West India station.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Wettenhall, Robert

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​WETTENHALL. (Lieutenant, 1830.)
Robert Wettenhall entered the Navy 12 July, 1810; and on 2 Feb. 1811, being then in the Theban 36, Capt. Stephen Thos. Digby, assisted in the boats of that frigate, commanded by Lieut. Henry Meynell, at the capture of a French merchant-brig lying aground under the batteries near Dieppe. He was also present at the cutting out of a sloop in the neighbourhood of Boulogne. He passed his examination in 1817; obtained his commission 22 July, 1830; was employed in the Coast Guard from 1 March, 1832, until 1835; and has since been on half-pay. Agent – J. Hinxman.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Wharton, John Anthony Lawrence

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​WHARTON. (Commander, 1848.)
John Anthony Lawrence Wharton is son of the late Retired Commander John Fras. Wharton, R.N.
This officer passed his examination 26 Sept. 1836; and, after having served on the Mediterranean, North America and West India, Plymouth, Pacific, and Portsmouth stations, as Mate, in the Pique 36, Capts. Edw. Boxer, Rich. Augustus Yates, and Henry Forbes, Caledonia 120, flag-ship of Sir David Milne, Fisgard 42, Capt. John Alex. Duntze, and Flying Fish 12, Capt. Robt. Harris, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 12 Sept. 1844. In the following month he was appointed to the Osprey 12, Capt. Fred. Patten, under whom he was wrecked, in March, 1846, on the coast of New Zealand, where he had been of late actively employed. Soon after the court-martial, which assembled to try the officers and crew, he was appointed, 19 April, 1847, to the Philomel 6, Capt. Wm. Cotterell Wood, fitting for the coast of Africa, whence he returned on the occasion of his promotion to the rank of Commander 29 Feb. 1848.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Wharton, John Francis

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​WHARTON. (Retired Commander, 1838.)
John Francis Wharton died in Oct. 1848.
This officer entered the Navy, 6 July, 1792, as Captain’s Servant, on board the St. George 98, in which ship and the Windsor Castle 98, both commanded by Capt. Byard, he served for about 12 months at Plymouth. He was next, from July, 1793, until Aug. 1798, employed in the Channel and Mediterranean, and off Cadiz, as Midshipman and Master’s Mate, in the Gibraltar 80, Capts. Thos. Mackenzie and Hon. Thos. Pakenham, Majestic 74, Capt. Geo. Blagden Westcott, and Ville de Paris 110, flag-ship of Lord St. Vincent. In the Gibraltar he fought in Lord Howe’s action 1 June, 1794. He was nominated Acting-Lieutenant of his former ship, the Majestic, 28 Oct. 1798 (she was then commanded by Capt. Robt. Cuthbert); he was confirmed 26 Dec. following; and he was appointed afterwards – 12 June, 1799, to the Pallas frigate, Capt. Edmonds, in the Mediterranean – 28 April, 1800, to the Resolution 74, Capt. Alan Gardner, on the Home station – 25 April, 1801, to the Good Design armed-ship, Capt. Robt. Elliot, under whom he obtained the Turkish gold medal for his services in Egypt – 7 Jan. and 19 Dec. 1803, to the Camilla 20, Capt. Henry Hill, and Falcon sloop, Capt. Henry Manaton Ommanney, at Newfoundland – 16 March, 1804, and 12 Aug. 1806, to the Goliath 74, Capts. Chas. Brisbane and Robt. Barton, and Achille 74, Capt. Sir Rich. King, employed off Brest, Rochefort, and Corunna – in 1809, to the command, for a short time, of the Harlequin armed-ship at Plymouth – and, in 1811-12-13, to the Vengeance, Firm, and Téméraire prison-ships at Portsmouth and Plymouth, the first and last commanded by himself, the Firm by Lieut. Duncan Menzies. In the Camilla, Falcon, and Achille he was First-Lieutenant, as he was also, for some time, in the Goliath, in which ship he assisted at the capture, 11 and 18 Aug. 1805, of Le Faune French brig, of 16, and La Torche corvette, of 18 guns. He left the Téméraire in June, 1814. He was admitted to the Out-Pension of Greenwich Hospital 18 July, 1837; and placed on the List of Retired Commanders 10 May, 1838.
Commander Wharton, whose first wife died at the commencement of 1837, married a second time, 19 Dec. in the same year, Eliza, eldest daughter of the late Timothy Lyon, Esq. He has left, with other issue, two sons, one of them, John A. L., a Commander, the other, R. H., a Lieutenant, R.N.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Westropp, Berkley

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​WESTROPP. (Lieutenant, 1825.)
Berkley Westropp entered the Navy 2 April, 1810; passed his examination in 1316; and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 30 Dec. 1825. He has since been on half-pay. At present he is Secretary to the Royal Humane Society.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Westbrook, George Frederick

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​WESTBROOK. (Lieutenant, 1826.)
George Frederick Westbrook entered the Navy 1 Feb. 1809; passed his examination in 1817; and was made Lieutenant, 26 July, 1826, into the Bustard 10, Capt. Wilhams Sandom, on the Jamaica station. His appointments since he left that vessel have been – 25 Jan. 1827, to the Coast Blockade, in which service he remained, with his name on the books of the Ramillies 74 and Hyperion 42, Capts. Wm. M‘Culloch and Wm. Jas. Mingaye, until it was abolished in the early part of 1831 – 4 Sept. 1832, to the Coast Guard – 22 March, 1844, and 18 June, 1845, to the Tartar and Defence Revenue-cruizers – 20 Nov. 1846, again to the Coast Guard – and 29 Jan. 1847 and 18 Jan. 1848, to the Ranger and Stag Revenue-vessels, in the latter of which he is now serving.
Lieut. Westbrook is the inventor of a “Peril Indicator,” the object of which is to denote the approach of ground to ships and steamers. The apparatus is fitted to the keel of a vessel, and consists of two bars having a downward projection of 10 feet. The instant these bars, which are fitted aft as well as forward, touch the ground they spring up level with the keel and ring a large bell in the engine-room, which is the signal for the engineer at once to reverse the engines.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Adams, Francis, W.L.

​Adams, Francis, W.L (1862–1893).—Novelist, was b. at Malta, and ed. at schools at Shrewsbury and in Paris. In 1882 he went to Australia, and was on the staff of The Sydney Bulletin. In 1884 he publ. his autobiographical novel, Leicester, and in 1888, Songs of the Army of the Night, which created a sensation in Sydney. His remaining important work is Tiberius (1894), a striking drama in which a new view of the character of the Emperor is presented. He d. by his own hand at Alexandria in a fit of depression caused by hopeless illness.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Adolphus, John

​Adolphus, John (1768–1845).—Historian, studied law and was called to the Bar in 1807. He wrote Biographical Memoirs of the French Revolution (1799) and History of England from 1760-1783 (1802), and other historical and biographical works.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Acton, John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1st Lord

​Acton, John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1st Lord (1834–1902).—Historian, s. of Sir Richard A., and grandson of Sir John A., who was Prime Minister of Naples, was b. at Naples. He belonged to an ancient Roman Catholic family, and was ed. first at Oscott near Birmingham under Dr. (afterwards Card.) Wiseman. Thence he went to Edinburgh, where he studied privately, and afterwards to Munich, where he resided in the house of Dr. Dollinger, the great scholar and subsequent leader of the Old Catholic party, by whom he was profoundly influenced. While at Edinburgh he endeavoured to procure admission to Cambridge, but without success, his religion being at that time a bar. He early devoted himself to the study of history, and is said to have been on terms of intimacy with every contemporary historian of distinction, with the exception of Guizot. He sat in the House of Commons 1859–65, but made no great mark, and in 1869 was raised to the peerage as Lord Acton of Aldenham. For a time he edited The Rambler, a Roman Catholic periodical, which afterwards became the Home and Foreign Review, and which, under his care, became one of the most learned publications of the day. The liberal character of A.'s views, however, led to its stoppage in deference to the authorities of the Church. He, however, maintained a lifelong opposition to the Ultramontane party in the Church, and in 1874 controverted their position in four letters to The Times which were described as the most crushing argument against them which ever appeared in so condensed a form. A.'s contributions to literature were few, and, in comparison with his extraordinary learning, comparatively unimportant. He wrote upon Cardinal Wolsey (1877) and German Schools of History (1886). He was extremely modest, and the loftiness of his ideals of accuracy and completeness of treatment led him to shrink from tasks which men of far slighter equipment might have carried out with success. His learning and his position as a universally acknowledged master in his subject were recognised by his appointment in 1895 as Professor of Modern History at Cambridge. Perhaps his most valuable services to historical literature were his laying down the lines of the great Cambridge Modern History, and his collection of a library of 60,000 vols., which after his death was purchased by an American millionaire and presented to Lord Morley of Blackburn, who placed it in the University of Cambridge.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Adamnan, St.

​Adamnan, St. (625?-704).—Historian, b. in Donegal, became Abbot of Iona in 679. Like other Irish churchmen he was a statesman as well as an ecclesiastic, and appears to have been sent on various political missions. In the great controversy on the subject of the holding of Easter, he sided with Rome against the Irish Church. He left the earliest account we have of the state of Palestine in the early ages of the Church; but of even more value is his Vita Sancti Columbæ, giving a minute account of the condition and discipline of the church of Iona. He d. 704.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Abercrombie, Patrick

​Abercrombie, Patrick (1656–1716).—Antiquary and historian, was physician to James II. in 1685; he was a Jacobite and opposed the Union in various pamphlets. His chief work was Martial Achievements of the Scots Nation (1711–16).
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carre, Robert Riddell

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​CARRE, formerly Riddell. (Captain, 1819. f-p., 20; h-p., 31.)
Robert Riddell Carre, born 27 Feb. 1782, in Edinburgh, is third son of Wm. Riddell, Esq., one of an old Scottish family, by Elizabeth, only daughter of John Carre, Esq., of Cavers-Carre. He acquired his present surname in 1817, on inheriting the estates of his maternal uncle, the late Alex. Carre, Esq., of Cavers-Carre.
This officer entered the Navy, 2 June, 1796, as Midshipman, on board the Albatross 18, Capt. Geo. Scott, on the Home station, where he assisted in capturing, 8 Sept. and 14 Nov. 1797, the privateers De Braave, of 5 guns, 8 swivels, and 25 men, and L’Emouchette, of 8 guns, 6 swivels, and 55 men. He next, in succession, joined the Kite 18, Capts. Wm. Brown and Chas. Lydiard, and Veteran 64, Capt. Archibald Collingwood Dickson; and, in the latter ship, was present at the surrender of the Dutch Rear-Admiral Storey’s fleet in the Texel, 30 Aug. 1799, and at the battle of Copenhagen, 2 April, 1801. After an attachment of some months during the peace to one of the Plymouth guardships, Mr. Carre, in April, 1803, rejoined Capt. Dickson, as a passed Midshipman, in the Sceptre 64, of which ship, on proceeding to the East Indies, he was appointed an Acting-Lieutenant in 1804, and a confirmed one, 5 Oct. 1805. He returned home, in consequence of ill health, in April, 1807; was next, in July following, appointed to the Orion 74, commanded also by Capt. Dickson; and continued to serve in that ship, latterly as First-Lieutenant, on the North Sea and Baltic stations – attending, in the mean while, the expedition to Flushing – until advanced to the rank of Commander, 1 Feb. 1812. Capt. Carre’s last appointment afloat was, on 8 Dec. in the same year, to the Britomart 10, in which we find him serving off the Scheldt and Texel, on the Irish and Portsmouth stations, and eventually at the bombardment of Algiers, 27 Aug. 1816. He was placed on half-pay 15 Nov. following; and attained Post-rank 12 Aug. 1819. His acceptance of the Retirement took place 1 Oct. 1846.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carroll, Andrew De la Cour

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​CARROLL. (Lieutenant, 1829.)
Andrew De la Cour Carroll entered the Navy 18 June, 1812; passed his examination in 1818; obtained his commission 28 Oct. 1829; joined the Talbot 28, Capt. Follett Walrond Pennell, on the South American station, 6 June, 1834; and, since 3 April, 1837, has been serving in the Coast Guard.
He married, 21 Jan. 1841, Mary, daughter of John Wright, Esq., of Springfield, co. Wicklow.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carpenter, Thomas

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​CARPENTER. (Commander, 1841.)
Thomas Carpenter entered the Navy 28 May, 1823; passed his examination in 1829; and obtained his first commission 27 Dec. 1832. He was subsequently appointed – 13 March, 1833, to the Gannet 18, Capts. Mark Halpen Sweny and John Balfour Maxwell, on the North America and West India station – 7 Nov. 1833, to the Blonde 46, Capt. Fras. Mason, employed in South America – and, 31 May, 1838, to the Columbine 16, Capts. Geo. Elliot and Thos. Jordaine Clarke. After intermediately serving on the coast of Africa for the suppression of the slave-trade, also on the East India station, and in China, where he landed, at the storming of the enemy’s defences below Whampoa Reach, mounting 54 pieces of cannon, and took part in the operations against Canton, he was promoted to the rank of Commander 8 June, 1841; since which period he has been on half-pay. Agents – Messrs. Halford and Co.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carr, Henry John

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​CARR. (Lieutenant, 1815. f-p., 34; h-p., 10.)
Henry John Carr was born 27 June, 1796.
This officer entered the Navy, in Sept. 1803, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Majestic 74, Capts. Lord Amelius Beauclerk and Robt. Moorsom, on the Home station. He removed, in Aug. 1805, to the Saturn 74, Capt. Lord A. Beauclerk, in which ship he served, the greater part of the time as Midshipman, off Cadiz and in the Channel, until 1809; and he was then transferred to the Royal Oak 74, commanded by the same officer, to whom he acted as Aide-de-camp at the debarkation of the Walcheren army in the following July. After sharing in many detached services on the coast of France, he accompanied Sir Pulteney Malcolm to North America in 1812; from which period, until the peace of 1815, he appears to have been most arduously employed – participating in the attack, as officer in charge of a boat, on Commodore Barney’s flotilla, the destruction of Washington, the operations against Baltimore, and the expedition to New Orleans. On 12 Dec. 1814, at the commencement of the hostilities against the latter place, Mr. Carr again had charge of a boat in a valiant conflict which rendered captive to the British a flotilla of five American gun-vessels on Lake Borgne, after the heavy loss to the former of 17 men killed and ​wounded. He also assisted in landing the army; was otherwise very responsibly employed; and, for his conduct in particular at the storming of the line of forts along the left bank of the Mississippi, was appointed by Sir P. Malcolm to a Lieutenancy in the Borer sloop, Capt. Wm. Rawlins. Mr. Carr, whose promotion was confirmed by the Admiralty, 8 Feb. 1815, returned to England in the Bulwark 74, and was placed on half-pay in May following. He subsequently obtained an appointment in the Coast Blockade as Supernumerary-Lieutenant of the Hyperion 42, Capt. Wm. Jas. Mingaye, 6 July, 1825; and, on 16 March, 1831, was transferred to the Coast Guard, in which service he has been ever since very effectively employed.
He married Sarah, daughter of Thos. Bradley, Esq., of Granville, in the island of Jersey, and by that lady has issue six sons and one daughter.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carr, Washington

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​CARR. (Commander, 1846. f-p., 23; h-p., 13.)
Washington Carr entered the Navy, 26 March, 1811, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Aquilon 32, Capt. Hon. Wm. Pakenham; attained the rating of Midshipman 11 Jan. 1812; and continued to serve in the same ship, under Capts. Wm. Bowles, Jas. Boxer, Thos. Burton, and Rich. Budd Vincent, until April, 1816. During that period he assisted at the destruction, in face of 1500 French soldiers, of seven large merchantmen, aground near Stralsund, and was employed in South America, as also in the Mediterranean, whither he escorted General Don and the outward-bound trade in 1814. Mr. Carr next joined the Malta 84, Capt. Thos. Gordon Caulfeild, and Superb 74, Capt. Chas. Ekins, both lying at Plymouth; became Admiralty Midshipman, in Nov. 1818, of the Severn 50, Capt. Wm. M‘Culloch, stationed in the Downs for the purposes of the Coast Blockade; and, on 12 Sept. 1821, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. His next appointments were – 7 Jan. 1824, again to the Coast Blockade, as Supernumerary-Lieutenant of the Ramillies 74, Capt. Wm. M‘Culloch – 3 May, 1830, to the Caledonia 120, Capts. Rich. Curry, Edw. Curzon, and Jas. Hillyar, employed on various particular services – 7 March, 1835, to the Excellent, Capt. Thos. Hastings, gunnery-ship at Portsmouth – 26 Sept. 1836, and 1 July, 1838, to the Téméraire 104, and Ocean 80, Capts. Thos. Fortescue Kennedy and Sir John Hill, guardships at Sheerness – 24 April, 1839, and 9 Oct. 1841, as First-Lieutenant, to the Belleisle 72 and Vindictive 50, both commanded by Capt. John Toup Nicolas, on the Mediterranean and Home stations – and, 30 May, 1843, to the command, in the West Indies, of the Hermes steam-sloop. He has been on half-pay since the attainment of his present rank, 9 Nov. 1846. Agents – Goode and Lawrence.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carr-Boyle, James

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​GLASGOW, Earl of, formerly Viscount Kelburne. (Lieut., 1814. f-p., 10; h-p., 30.)
Right Honourable James, Earl of Glasgow, born 10 April, 1792, is second son of the late Earl of Glasgow, G.C.H., F.R.S., by Augusta, daughter of James, 14th Earl of Erroll; brother of the late Viscount Kelburne, an officer in the Navy, who died in 1818; and brother-in-law of Lord Fred. FitzClarence. His Lordship succeeded his father, as fifth Earl, in July, 1843.
This officer (then Hon. Mr. Boyle) entered the Navy, 17 May, 1807, as Sec.-cl. Vol., on board the Alcmene frigate, Capt. Jas. Brisbane, under whom — with the exception of an attachment of a few months in 1810-11 to the Ganymede 26, and Hotspur 36, Capts. Robt. Cathcart and Hon. Josceline Percy — he continued to serve, the greater part of the time as Midshipman of the Belle Poule 38, and Pembroke 74, until 12 Dec. 1812. During that period, besides contributing to the capture of other smaller vessels, he assisted in the Belle Poule at the taking of Le Var of 26 guns, laden with corn for the relief of the French garrison at Corfu, 15 Feb. 1809, and was also present at the reduction, in 1809-10, of the islands of Zante, Cephalonia, and Sta. Maura. Until confirmed in his present rank by commission dated 8 Jan. 1814, Mr. Boyle was further employed, for some time as Acting-Lieutenant, in the Royal Sovereign 100, Capts. Jas. Bissett and Thos. Gordon Caulfeild, on the North American station. His succeeding appointments were — 27 March, 1814, to the Barfleur 98, Capt. John Maitland, off Toulon — 13 May, 1815, to the Falmouth 20, Capt. Geo. Wm. Henry Knight, on the coast of France — 18 Sept. 1815, to the Tiber 38, Capt. Jas. Rich. Dacres, on the Newfoundland station — 13 Sept. 1816, for passage home, to the Hazard sloop, Capt. John Cookesley — and, 11 July, 1818, to the Favorite, Capt. W. Robinson, off St. Helena. Since the period of his quitting the latter vessel he has been on half-pay.
The Earl is Deputy-Lieutenant for the counties of Bute and Renfrew. He married, 4 Aug. 1821, Georgiana, daughter of the late Edw. Hay Mackenzie, Esq., of New Hall and Cromarty.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carpenter, John Cook

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​CARPENTER, K.H. (Captain, 1821. f-p., 21; h-p., 45.)
John Cook Carpenter entered the Navy, in 1781, as Captain’s Servant, on board the Convert 36, Capt. Henry Harvey, stationed in the Leeward Islands, where, until 1784, he afterwards served, as Midshipman, in the Renard sloop, bearing the broad pendant of Commodore Sir John Laforey, Berbice schooner, Lieut.-Commander Thos. Boulden Thompson, Concorde 36, Capt. Augustus Montgomery, and Alcmene 32, Capt. Wm. Sidney Smith. He next, in 1790, joined the Bellona 74, Capt. Fras. John Hartwell, forming part of the fleet in the Channel; became subsequently attached, on the same station, to the Alcide 74, Capt. Sir Andrew Snape Douglas, Hannibal 74, Capt. John Colpoys, Thetis 38, Capt. F. J. Hartwell, and Defence 74, Capt. Jas. Gambler; and, for his conduct as Master’s Mate of the last-named ship, in Lord Howe’s memorable actions of 28 and 29 May, and 1 June, 1794, was promoted, 1 Aug. following, to a Lieutenancy in the Daedalus 32, Capt. Thos. Williams. Under the latter officer Mr. Carpenter continued to serve (with the exception of a few months in 1795-6, when we find him on board the Abergavenny 54, Capt. Edw. Tyrrell Smith, and Pompée 80, Capt. Jas. Vashon), in the same ship and in the Unicorn 32, and Endymion 40, until Jan. 1800; during which period he once took charge of a prize, and participated in many warm encounters with the enemy, including the Unicorn’s capture of La Ville de l’Orient frigate, armée en flûte, and the Endymion’s action with the Dutch line-of-battle ship Brutus, and her attack, in co-operation with the King’s troops, on the town of Wexford. On the latter occasion he partially commanded a flotilla of cutters and launches, and by his judicious arrangement greatly benefited the public service. He afterwards assumed, likewise on the Home station, the successive command – 6 Oct. 1800, of the Flora hired cutter – in March, 1802, of the Ant schooner – 28 Oct. 1803, of the Hope hired cutter – and, 30 April, 1804, of the Milbrook schooner, of 14 guns, in which he took, 9 May, 1805, La Tranela Spanish privateer of 3 guns and 40 men. Having resigned his command of the Milbrook in Sept. 1806, Mr. Carpenter was next, 11 May and 8 Aug. 1808, appointed to the Ville de Paris 110, and Caledonia 120, flag-ships of Lord Gambier, by whom he was intrusted with the direction of a fire-vessel in the attack on the enemy’s shipping in Basque Roads, 11 April, 1809; as a reward for his exertions on which occasion he was advanced to the rank of Commander by commission dated the same day. His last appointments were – 31 May, 1815, to the Racoon 16, employed off St. Helena and the Ascension – and, 4 June, 1816, to the Zephyr 12. He returned to England, after visiting Rio Janeiro, and was placed on half-pay, 8 Oct. following; attained Post-rank 19 July, 1821; was nominated a K.H. 25 Jan. 1836; and accepted the Retirement 1 Oct. 1846.
He is married and has issue.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1796, pp. 576-579.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1798, p. 592.