OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# United States Statutes at Large/Volume 4/19th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 150

Chap. CL.—An Act allowing appeals and writs of error from the decisions in the district court in the northern district of New York, in certain cases.
Appeals and writs of error from the decisions of the district court for the northern district of New York.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That appeals and writs of error shall lie from decisions in the district court for the northern district of New York, when exercising the powers of a circuit court; and from decisions which may be made by the circuit court for the southern district of said state, in causes heretofore removed to said circuit court, from the said district court sitting as a circuit court, to the Supreme Court of the United States, in the same manner as from circuit courts.
Approved, May 22, 1826.
# United States Statutes at Large/Volume 4/19th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 147

Chap. CXLVII.—An Act authorizing certain soldiers in the late war to surrender the bounty lands drawn by them, and to locate others in lieu thereof.
Soldiers, or their heirs, to whom bounty lands have been patented, in Arkansas, unfit for cultivation, to receive in exchange, a like quantity on any of the unappropriated lands in the military district in said territory.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That it shall and may be lawful for any soldiers in the late war, or their heirs, to whom bounty lands have been patented, or may hereafter be patented, in the territory of Arkansas, and which land is unfit for cultivation, and who have removed, or shall hereafter remove, to the said territory, with a view to actual settlement on the lands by them drawn—in all such cases, where it shall be made to appear, in such manner as the commissioner of the general land office ​shall direct, to the satisfaction of the register and receiver of the proper district, that the land patented to them is unfit for cultivation, and on the surrender of the patent to them granted, accompanied with such a release of their interest as the commissioner of the general land office shall prescribe, such soldier, or his heirs, may locate and enter with the register of the land office, for the proper district, in the territory of Arkansas, according to the sectional and divisional lines, the like quantity on any of the unappropriated public lands in the military district in said territory; and upon such entry and location being made, it shall be the duty of the register to issue to the person so locating, a certificate specifying the quarter or half section of land so located and entered;Duty of the register. Duty of the commissioner of the general land office. Proviso. and it shall be the duty of the commissioner of the general land office, if he is satisfied such certificate was fairly obtained, to issue a patent for the lands so located, whenever the certificate aforesaid shall be presented to him for that purpose. Provided, That before such certificate of location shall be granted, the applicant shall satisfy the register and receiver that his interest in the land originally patented to him, has not been divested, either by his own acts, or by the operation of law, for taxes, or otherwise. And provided also, That such surrender and re-locationSuch surrender, &c., to be made on or before the 1st Jan. 1830, &c. shall be made on or before the first day of January, eighteen hundred and thirty. But, if said interest shall have been divested in either mode above mentioned, no title shall be acquired to the land subsequently patented.
Approved, May 22, 1826.
# United States Statutes at Large/Volume 4/19th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 149

Chap. CXLIX.—An Act to fix the times and places of holding the district courts of the United Stats, in the districts of Alabama.
The times of holding the district courts in the district of Alabama changed.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the district courts in the districts of Alabama shall hereafter be holden at the times and places, and in the manner herein provided for, any law to the contrary notwithstanding; that is to say: At Huntsville, in and for the northern district of Alabama, on the first Monday of March, and the first Monday of October; at Mobile, in and for the southern district, on the first Monday in May, and on the second Monday in October, in each year:Proviso. Provided, That, for the final disposition of causes commenced in, and pending in the district court, now held at Cahawba, in said southern district, there shall be a court held at said place, at the times now fixed by law, and after judgment in said cases, final process thereon may be issued from, and made returnable to, the said court, to be held at Mobile, in which court all further proceedings thereon shall be had.
All causes, &c., to remain and be proceeded with as before.Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all causes and proceedings, of every description, commenced or depending in either of said courts, shall be continued and returnable to said courts, to be held according to the provisions of this act, and proceeded with in due form of law.
Approved, May 22, 1826.
# United States Statutes at Large/Volume 4/19th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 15

Chap. XV.—An Act to authorize the legislature of the state of Mississippi to appropriate the amount of three per cent. fund, arising from the sales of public lands.
Three fifths of the five per cent. fund, arising from the sale of public lands, to the making of roads and canals, &c.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That three fifths of the five ​per cent. fund, arising from the net proceeds of the sales of public lands, within the state of Mississippi, may be appropriated by the legislature thereof, to the making of public roads and canals, and to the improvement of the navigation of rivers and bays, within said state.
Approved, March 14, 1826.
# United States Statutes at Large/Volume 4/19th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 151

Chap. CLI.—An Act authorizing the payment of interest due to the state of New York.
Accounting officers of the treasury to settle the claim of New York against the United States, for moneys expended by her.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the proper accounting officers of the Treasury Department be, and they are hereby, authorized and directed to liquidate and settle the claim of the state of New York, against the United States, for interest upon loans on moneys borrowed, and actually expended by her, for the use and benefit of the United States, during the late war with Great Britain.
Rules applicable to, and governing the case.Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That, in ascertaining the amount of interest, as aforesaid, due to the state of New York, the following rules shall be understood as applicable to, and governing the case, to wit: First, that interest shall not be computed on any sum which New York has not expended for the use and benefit of the United States, as evidenced by the amount refunded or repaid to New York, by the United States; Second, that no interest shall be paid on any sum on which she has not paid interest: Third, that when the principal, or any ​part of it, has been paid or refunded by the United States, or money placed in the hands of New York for that purpose, the interest on the sum or sums so paid or refunded, shall cease and not be considered as chargeable to the United States, any longer than up to the time of the repayment as aforesaid.
Amount of interest to be paid from the treasury.Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the amount of the interest, when ascertained as aforesaid, shall be paid out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
Approved, May 22, 1826.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 151

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Adopted unanimously by the Security Council at its 891st meeting, on 23 August 1960
The Security Council,
Having examined the application of the Republic of Chad,
Recommends to the General Assembly that the Republic of Chad be admitted to membership in the United Nations.
This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".
Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
* Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, …)
* United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
* Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale).
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1513

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Adopted unanimously by the Security Council at its 4850th meeting, on 28 October 2003
The Security Council,
Recalling all its previous resolutions on Western Sahara, and reaffirming, in particular, resolution 1495 (2003) of 31 July 2003,
1. Decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 31 January 2004;
2. Requests that the Secretary-General provide a report on the situation before the end of the present mandate;
3. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".
Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
* Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, …)
* United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
* Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale).
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1515

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Adopted unanimously by the Security Council at its 4862th meeting, on 19 November 2003
The Security Council,
Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions, in particular resolutions 242 (1967), 338 (1973), 1397 (2002) and the Madrid principles,
Expressing its grave concern at the continuation of the tragic and violent events in the Middle East,
Reiterating the demand for an immediate cessation of all acts of violence, including all acts of terrorism, provocation, incitement and destruction,
Reaffirming its vision of a region where two States, Israel and Palestine, live side by side within secure and recognized borders,
Emphasizing the need to achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East, including the Israeli-Syrian and Israeli-Lebanese tracks,
Welcoming and encouraging the diplomatic efforts of the international Quartet and others,
1. Endorses the Quartet Performance-based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (S/2003/529);
2. Calls on the parties to fulfil their obligations under the Roadmap in cooperation with the Quartet and to achieve the vision of two States living side by side in peace and security;
3. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".
Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
* Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, …)
* United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
* Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1516

* related portals: United Nations Security Council Resolutions.
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Adopted unanimously by the Security Council at its 4867th meeting, on 20 November 2003
The Security Council,
Reaffirming the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and its relevant resolutions, in particular its resolution 1373 (2001) of 28 September 2001,
Reaffirming the need to combat by all means, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts,
1. Condemns in the strongest terms the bomb attacks in Istanbul, Turkey, on 15 November 2003 and 20 November 2003, in which many lives were claimed and people injured, as well as other terrorist acts in various countries, and regards such acts, like any act of terrorism, as a threat to peace and security;
2. Expresses its deepest sympathy and condolences to the people and Governments of Turkey and the United Kingdom and to the victims of the terrorist attacks and their families;
3. Urges all States, in accordance with their obligations under resolution 1373 (2001), to cooperate in efforts to find and bring to justice the perpetrators, organizers and sponsors of these terrorist attacks;
4. Expresses its reinforced determination to combat all forms of terrorism, in accordance with its responsibilities under the Charter of the United Nations.
This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".
Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
* Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, …)
* United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
* Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale).
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# Twentieth Century Impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other Treaty Ports of China/Ceremonies/Social Life

SOCIAL LIFE.
The Chinese in their social intercourse have certain well-defined rules. A visitor will seek the acquaintance of the inhabitants of the town or village by calling on any gentlemen to whom he may have letters of introduction, while his wife or female relatives visit the ladies. The arrival of a distinguished man in a place of any importance is usually celebrated by a dinner given in his honour by the leading residents. At a dinner party the gentlemen sit at one table and the ladies at another in a different room. Dishes are served ready cut up, the food being placed in a large bowl or dish in the centre of the table, from which the guests help themselves mouthful by mouthful. ​The table is usually square or round, a long table being rarely seen.
Tea and tobacco are always to hand in a man's office or place of business, both for his own use and for that of callers. The tea is regarded not only as a stimulant, but as a desirable substitute for strong drink.
In official circles tea has a curious ceremonial use. At the commencement of a conference cups of the beverage are brought in and placed before the official and his visitor, and when the official, whose ideas of politeness will not suffer him to dismiss his visitor in so many words, desires to intimate that the interview must be brought to an end, he does so by lifting the cup and drinking the tea, whereupon the visitor departs.
# Twentieth Century Impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other Treaty Ports of China/Ceremonies/The Introduction of the Queue

THE INTRODUCTION OF THE QUEUE.
THE BARBER. :
| Not as gentle as he might be. | Al Fresco Tonsorial Artists. |
| A Gentleman's Toilet. | |
"BOUND" FOOT.
The wearing of the towchang, or queue, by the Chinese is, contrary to popular belief, a custom of comparatively recent origin, and the story of its introduction is one of the most interesting in the history of the nation. A little less than three hundred years ago, the struggle between the Mings and the Manchus ended in the conquest of China by the Tartars. One of the ministers of the fallen dynasty, desirous of seeing the Mings re-established, ingratiated himself with the conquerors, and urged them to humiliate the Chinese by enforcing upon them the wearing of the queue and of certain forms of dress, in token of their subjugation. The minister was actuated by the hope that the Chinese, exasperated beyond endurance, would make a last supreme effort to throw off the Tartar yoke, but, wearied with thirty years of bloodshed, and broken in spirit by the horrors attendant on the war, they submitted quietly to the indignity rather than prolong a futile struggle. Disappointed at this unexpected failure of his scheme, the minister put an end to his life, and the wearing of the queue has in course of time come to be regarded as a badge, honourable rather than servile, of loyalty to the reigning house.
The wearing of the towchang, enforced originally under pain of heavy penalties, has long ceased to be compulsory, and to-day, owing to the influence of Western ideas, large numbers of Chinese have discarded the appendage, and have adopted European dress. In official circles, however, the queue has still its loyal significance. Quite recently ​the Chinese Ambassador at Berlin sent a memorial to the Imperial Government requesting that members of the Chinese Embassy should be permitted to adopt European costume, so that they might not be conspicuous, but suggesting that the queue be allowed to remain "as a mark of respect to the Emperor."
Under former dynasties the mode of wearing the hair was similar to that until recently common in Japan, and still more recently in Korea. It may be added that under the old Manchu edict ladies were left free to dress their hair and attire themselves as they chose, and permission was granted for the dead to be arrayed by their friends in the costume of the former dynasty.
The practice of allowing the finger-nails to remain uncut originated in Hunan some two hundred years ago amongst Chinese ladies, from whom it was copied later by the literati, who sought in this way to show that they were not engaged in any manual occupation. The custom is now dying out, although it obtains still among the leisured classes in the interior.
It was the wife of the Emperor Li Hou Tsu, of the Tang dynasty, who first set the fashion of binding the feet, some twelve hundred years ago. The practice is rapidly falling into disfavour, and an imperial decree has, as has been stated previously, been issued within the last few years urging its discontinuance.
# Twentieth Century Impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other Treaty Ports of China/Ceremonies/Theatricals

THEATRICALS.
In the South of China theatrical performances are prefaced by some spectacular representations of propitious and happy omens. These preludes consist of shows representing the Eight Genii paying respect to the Queen of Heaven and wishing her eternal years, the presentation of a son and heir by a fairy, and the personification of official success and advancement. The plays-in-chief are generally adapted from historical events, the performance of which may extend over several days and nights. But in the northern part of China short historical acts, each quite unconnected with the other, are preferred, and the plays commence without any of the preliminaries of the south. Plays are usually selected pointing the moral that the wicked are punished and the virtuous rewarded. On the stage no serious effort is made to produce scenic effects, everything being left to the suggestive actions of the players and the imagination of the audience. For example, two tables, one piled on the top of the other, with the written Chinese characters for a "rampart" on the side may be all that represents a rampart. In the same manner, a chair put sideways, or a divided curtain held up by attendants, will be employed to represent respectively a river bank or a city gate. Again, an actor taking a whip in his hand and going through the movements associated with riding is to be taken as being on horseback, and so, too, when he goes through the action of closing and bolting a door, the door must be considered to have been closed and bolted, though, in fact, no door is visible. Although the stagery is primitive, the acting is most realistic to those who are in a position to understand and appreciate it. The chief and sole aim of an actor is to perfect himself in the role he takes without any adventitious aid from scenery. Although there are actresses in China, they do not as a rule act with men, as it is not considered to be decent by the better class of Chinese for them to do so. Consequently, female characters have in most companies to be undertaken by men. Each actor makes a special study of some particular character, whether it be that of an old man, a youth, a clown, a fighter, a literati, or a female, and does not take any other part. A good actor may command a big salary — some of them get as much as $10,000 a year — but their social status is not high.
# Twentieth Century Impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other Treaty Ports of China/Chinese Weights, Measures, and Money

CHINESE WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND MONEY.
Weights
1 liang (tael) 1·333 oz. avoir, or 37·78 grammes.
16 liang (tael) make 1 kin (catty) 1·333 lbs. avoir, or 604·53 grammes.
100 kin (catty) make 1 tan (picul) 133·333 lbs. avoir, or 60·453 kilogrammes.
120 kin (catty) make 1 shik (stone) 160·000 lbs. avoir, or 72·544 kilogrammes.
Four ounces equal three taels; one pound equals three-quarters of a catty, or twelve taels; one hundredweight equals 84 catties; and one ton equals 16 piculs 80 catties.
Measures of Capacity. I koh (gill) = 0103 litre.
10 sheng make i tou (peck) = 1031 litre. Land Measure. I chih =
I3'126 inches. 30'323 square feet. 80-862 square yards. 202156 square yards. 26*73 square poles. 167 acres. The mow, which is the unit of measurement, is almost exactly one-sixth of an acre. Weights and measures in China vary in every province and almost every district, and differ in the same districts for different kinds of goods. Measures of Length. I fun ^= 14 in. English.
The length of the chang was fixed by the Treaty of Tientsin at 141 in.
Money.
1 li (cash) = ·032 of a penny.
10 li make 1 fen (candareen) = ·32 of a penny.
10 fen make 1 ch'ien (mace) = 3·2 pence.
10 ch'ien make 1 liang (tael) = 2s. 8d.
The above are weights of silver. They are not represented by any coin, except the copper cash, which is supposed to be the equivalent in value of a li of silver, but the value of which differs greatly in different districts and at different times. They have no uniform intrinsic value, being made of varying size and composition. Silver is used uncoined in ingots, usually of fifty taels, more or less, in weight, called sycee or "shoes," on account of their shape. The tael may be taken as worth one and a third silver dollar.