OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Somanat Bhatt

SOMANAT BHATT.
Was a Teliaga bramia, and inhabitant of Tehana Lanka, in the districts of Rajamahendry. The pundits of that place say, that he was born there in the twelfth centary of Salivahaaa, and was long in indigent circumstances, having inherited from hjs ancestors only a small portion of land, which had been given them by a former ruler of that country.
When he was grown up, he had not the means of defraying the expences of a wedding, and being desirous to marry, forthwith proceeded to a kinsman and implored him to get him married. By the exertions of this relation, and some other bramins, who revered the memory of his forefathers Samanat Bhatt, was recommended to the notice of a great man, who compassionated his case, furnished the means of paying the charges of the nuptials, and got him espoused to a damsel of respectability. When the ceremony was concluded, the bridegroom went according to custom, and prostrated himself before his mother-in-law, but she being a mercenary woman, despised our poet, and averted her face when he approached ​Stung with indignation, and sorrow Samanat Bhatt proceeded to Benares, where he diligently for the space of twenty years studied Philosophy, Theology, and the liberal arts. When he was a perfect master in all these branches of sciences, he returned to his native country, and on his way visited, severally, the Rajahs of Tekale, Mandassa, and Chikati; and exhibited his learning and talents before them : from each of these Princes he obtained magnificent presents, a Palankeen, and large sums of money. He purchased gold bangles ornamented with flowers in fret work and presented them to his mother-in-law, and the avaricious woman became so delighted with the wealth, and learning of oar Poet, that she heaped blessings on him incessantly. After this Samanat established a school of philosophy, and enjoyed a considerable degree of reputation. He wrote a second commentary on the Memansa philosophy, and this work is entitled, "Somanathyam." This treatise is much used by students, and procured for our Poet a considerable degree of reputation. Somanat had several children and ​died at the age of sixty in his native town. His descendants are still living—The work written by this Poet is in much esteem with the natives of the Dekkan.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Surana

SURANA.
This was also a Niyogi bramin of the Pengala family, he flourished during the reign o£ Krishna Royaloo, sovereign of Vejayanagar; He was well versed in Telugu grammar, and a perfect master of that language. In course of time he proceeded to the Court of Krishna Deva, who retained him in his service—Surana composed a work which he entitled Raghava-Pandayam, which is an abridgement of the Ramayana and the Mahabarat, the whole being comprised in six books—he ended his days at his usual residence.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Teminayia Satti

TIMMAYIA SATTI.
This poet was the son of Chimmania Satti and grandson to Etikala Gurvappa and was a native of Rajamahendry, he composed a work called Kanakapurana, it was written in ​the Telugu language, and the subject of it was the rape committed on a virgin of the Vysia cast by the prince Vishnu Vardhana. In the poem a pathetic discription is given of the lamentations of the unfortunate damsel, who had her chastity corrupted and who being inconsolable at the loss of her virginity immolated herself on a flaming pile—it is said, that one hundred families who were related to this maiden sacrificed themselves with her. This tragical event happend at Penugonda near Rajamahendry. After the death of the above-named Virgin a temple was erected in honor of her, where an idol was established called Kanakaparaiwarames, which is still in existence, and people of the Bannian cast pay adoration and homage to it,
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Sarnadhara

SARNADHARA.
This was a celebrated Historian and Poet, he flourished in the eleventh century of the Salivahana aera, during the reign of Anunga Bhima. He was the son of Damora, and his grandfather's name was Rhagavadeo, who was the chief pundit at the court of Rajah Humvera, this poet composed a work, called Humvera Vijaya, in which the genealogy and actions of the kings of Humvera are noted down, he also wrote a volume on miscellaneous subjects, and named it Sarnadhara Padhati. Sarnadha lived to a good old age, but no authentic accounts of the time or manner of his death has been handed down to posterity.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Tatachari

TATACHARI.
Tatachari was a poet of the Vystnava seet, he was a native of Kanchi, and so celebrated on account of his virtues and talents, that (according to tradition) he was believed to have been born from the spirit of the god, Vishnu: he flourished in the sixteenth century of Salivahana, and obtained the surname of Kanyadanum, on account of the numerous marriage ceremonies which was performed at the expense of his benevolence. Tatachari wrote a work on philosophy, which he named Satveka Brahma Vidya Vilas, or knowledge of the mild influence of the supreme being. This poet was houosehold priest to the Chandrigire Rajahs, and used to visit them by travelling post from Kanchi: while he was absent from home, his chaste and affectionate wife was in the habits of standing at the gate of their dwelling, waiting the arrival of her husband. One unfortunate day, when she. was at her usual station, some wicked unfeeling wretches assembled round her, and invented a tale, that her husband had met with some acci​dent, and was tilted; the affectionate woman on hearing this false intelligence, fell down in a swoon, and expired. At the usual hour, Tatachari arrived, and beholding the fate of his wife, immediately died of grief, so this amiable couple in one day met an untimely fate. Tatachari was much regretted by all classes of the inhabitants, for, exclusive of his pre-eminent erudition, he was a most affable and benevolent individual bestowing large sums of money on the indigent, especially for marriage ceremonies.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Satkara

SATKARA.
The only accounts handed down of this poet rests on legendary traditions and a document, according to which he was the chief poet of forty-eight in the congregation of Sanghatar; he was a resident of Madura, and took his place among a concourse of poets, on a seat which had been ​granted by the God Sundareswar in the reign of Champakamar, called also Vamsachudamani- pandayan. One day Champakamar asked all the poets, whether the perfume on his wife's hair was the effect of art or its own natural smell. The king suspended to a pillar one thousand mads wrapped in a cloth, and promised to give the money to whomsoever should answer the question. An indigent bramin named Dhamaga addressed a mental prayer to Sundareswar, and was inspired by the deity, to declare that the odour of the queen's hair was natural, and received the money as a reward. Satakara made some remarks when Sundareswar appeared to him as an aged bramin, and supported Dhamaja, but Satakara continuing the dispute, Iswar manifested himself and displayed his third eye, the poet was at first so struck with fear, that he started from his seat, but becoming more bold put certain polemic questions to Iswar, who grew enraged, and uttered an imprecation, that the poet should be overcome in disputation by a person of mean extraction. After this Yada Kadar Was conversing with Satakar for a long time, the out. ​cast poet Teruvalluvor laid his book called the Koral, on the bench which immediately vanished.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Srinath

SRINATH.
A bramin, Lyric poet and historian and brother-in-law to the individual, whose biography, forms the preceding article. He possessed a quick genius, and was instructed by Potaraj. Srinath composed a history called " Marutarat Charitru," the substance of which is taken from the Kasikhanda. This poet was employed by Ana Vema Reddi, king of Konda-vede, as his chief court poet, and he was highly esteemed by that monarch. This poet had a very florid diction, especially in the description of females. He travelled through various countries to examine the qualities, virtues, vices, and propensities of women. When he was on his tour, he came near the town of Nellore about sun-set, and seeing a young boy driving some cows, he asked him how far it was to the town; "look at the sun, at me, and the cows," said the boy, and you will guess without my telling you. By this Srinath perceived that the town was close by, for the boy meant him to understand, that as it was sun-set, the cows returning home, ​and he but a young child the town could not be far off. Whilst he was travelling on, a woman asked our poet what his name was, he replied Srinath, which word signifies, the lord or husband of womankind. "Who then is your mother's husband?" asked the women. It is said, that Srinath was so abashed, that he would not enter the town of Nellore, but proceeded to some other country. Srinath during his life dedicated a great many works to kings and men of note, which drew down the reproaches of his brother-in-law, who accused him of servility, and sordidness in same very severe satires, that he penned for the purpose; this circumstance caused a coolness between the two poets which ended at last in enmity and hatred. Srinath enjoyed a considerable deal of reputation, and died in the fifty-fifth year of his age; his brother-in-law outlived him some years.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koerner, Gustav

Edition of 1892.
​KOERNER, Gustav, jurist, b. in Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, 20 Nov., 1809. He was graduated in law at Heidelberg in 1832, came to the United States in 1833, and studied American jurisprudence at Transylvania university in 1834-'5, after which he practised his profession in Belleville, Ill., where he now (1887) resides. He was a member of the legislature in 1842-'3, and judge of the supreme court of Illinois from 1845 till 1851. From 1853 till 1857 he served as lieutenant-governor of the state. He was instrumental in raising the 43d Illinois regiment in 1861, but, before its organization was completed, he was appointed colonel of volunteers in August, 1868, and assigned as aide to Gen. Frémont, upon whose removal he was assigned to Gen. Henry W. Halleck's staff, but resigned in April, 1862, owing to impaired health. In July, 1862, he was appointed U. S. minister to Spain, which post he resigned in January, 1865. He was a member for the state at large of the Chicago conventions that nominated Lincoln in 1860 and Horace Greeley in 1872. In 1867 he was appointed ​president of the board of trustees that organized the Soldiers' orphans' home at Bloomington, Ill., and in 1870 became president of the first board of railroad commissioners of Illinois. He is the author of “Collections of the Important General Laws of Illinois, with Comments” (in German, St. Louis, 1838); “From Spain” (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1866); “Das deutsche Element in den Vereinigten Staaten, 1818-1848” (Cincinnati, 1880; 2d ed., New York, 1885); and a number of pamphlets.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Kohl, John George

Edition of 1892.
​KOHL, John George, traveller, b. in Bremen, Germany, 28 April, 1808; d. there, 28 Oct., 1878. He studied law at the universities of Heidelberg, Göttingen, and Munich, and after spending six years as a tutor in Courland, visited Russia. Subsequently he travelled through Europe and published numerous works. Having collected material relating to the early history of America, he came to this country in 1854 and remained until 1858, when he returned to Bremen and became city librarian in 1863. He prepared for the U. S. government a series of valuable maps of America, and published, at the request of the U. S. coast survey, the “History of the Discovery of the U. S. Coast” and the “History and Investigation of the Gulf Stream” (Bremen, 1868). Those of his publications that relate to this country, many of which have been translated into English, are “Travels in Canada” (Stuttgart, 1856); “Travels in the United States” (New York, 1857); “History of the Two Oldest Charts of the New World” (Weimar, 1860); “History of the Discovery of the Northeastern Coast of America” (“Maine Historical Collections,” Portland, 1869); a series of lectures entitled “History of the discovery of America” (Dresden, 1861; English translation, 1862); and “History of the Discovery and Voyage through the Straits of Magellan” (Berlin, 1877). He also published a “Lecture on the Plan of a Chartographical Depot for the History and Geography of the American Continent” (Smithsonian reports, Washington, 1856), and a descriptive catalogue of those maps, charts, and surveys relating to America that are mentioned in vol. iii. of Hakluyt's “Voyages” (1857).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koehler, Robert

Edition of 1892.
​KOEHLER, Robert, painter, b. in Hamburg, Germany, 28 Nov., 1850. He was brought to the United States in 1854, educated in Milwaukee, Wis., and apprenticed to a lithographer in 1866. He exercised that trade in Pittsburg, Pa., and in New York city, where he studied drawing in the night classes of the National academy of design. In 1873 he went to Europe to study with means furnished by George Ehret, of New York, whose attention had been drawn to the young artists's ambition and capabilities. He was a pupil in the Munich art academy, under Ludwig Loefitz and Franz Defregger. He began to exhibit in the National academy, New York, in 1877. In 1885 he took charge of a private school of art in that city. He organized the American department of the International art exhibition at Munich in 1883, and was appointed by the Bavarian authorities to act in the same capacity in the exhibition of 1888. His works, which have been few, manifest study and care, and in technique and treatment are good examples of the Munich school. The principal ones are “Holy-day Occupation” (1881); “Her Only Support” (1882); “The Socialist,” a German agitator delivering a harangue (1883); and “The ​Strike,” a large composition which attracted attention on the walls of the National academy in 1886.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koeppen, Adolphus Louis

Edition of 1892.
​KOEPPEN, Adolphus Louis, educator, b. in Copenhagen, Denmark, 14 Feb., 1804; d. in Athens, Greece, 14 April, 1873. He was destined for the army, but studied law, and in 1825 entered the royal board of commerce. In 1834, during a visit to Greece, he was invited by King Otho to fill the professorship of history, archaeology, and modern languages at the royal military college of the Euelpides, which was then situated in the island of Ægina. He was obliged to retire in 1843, in consequence of a popular demonstration against the German system of government, and returned to Denmark, but in 1846 came to the United States at the invitation of the Historical society of Philadelphia, before which he delivered a course of lectures on “Ancient and Modern Athens and Attica.” These were repeated within the next few years in an enlarged form before the Lowell institute in Boston, the Smithsonian institution in Washington, the University of Virginia, Brown university, and other similar bodies. In 1850-'1 he gave lectures on the political, social, and literary history of the middle ages. About the same time he accepted the professorship of history, esthetics, and modern languages in Franklin and Marshall college, Lancaster, Pa. He published “The World in the Middle Ages,” accompanied by an “Historico-Geographical Atlas of the Middle Ages” (2 vols., New York, 1854).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koenig, Juan Ramon

Edition of 1892.
​KOENIG, Juan Ramon (kuh'-nig), South American scientist, b. in Malines, Flanders, in 1623; d. in Lima, Peru, 19 July, 1709. He was a priest, and came to Peru in 1655, in the suite of the viceroy, the Count of Alba de Aliste, who appointed him chaplain of the hospital of Espiritu Santo. Koenig taught various branches at the college of San Marcos, especially cosmography. By royal order he visited in 1672 the principal place's of Peru to take observations of their latitude and longitude, for which purpose he had to construct for himself several mathematical instruments that were not to be obtained in Peru. In 1677 he was appointed successor of Francisco Lozano in the chair of mathematics, and was also appointed royal cosmographer. In 1781 he engraved with his own hands a map of Peru on a silver plate, which was highly praised by the French geographer, Louis Feuillet. When the viceroy, the Duke of La Palata, resolved in 1682 to fortify the city of Lima, Koenig, together with Gen. Venegas Osorio, formed the plan for the fortifications, and directed their execution. Koenig wrote “Problema de la duplicación del Cubo” (Madrid, 1678), and from 1680 till 1708 published in Lima daily weather observations under the title of “Conocimiento de los tiempos.” During his last years he had accumulated much material for a geography of Peru, but, unfortunately, after his death a friend burned nearly all his papers, to avoid making public his private matters, and thus the manuscript was lost.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koehler, Sylvester Rosa

Edition of 1892.
​KOEHLER, Sylvester Rosa, author, b. in Leipsic, Germany, 11 Feb., 1837. His grandfather was a musician and composer of note, and his father an artist. Mr. Koehler came to this country in 1849, after he had received the rudiments of a classical education. His present home is in Roxbury, Mass. He edited the “American Art Review” while it existed, and has contributed largely on art to periodicals in this country and Europe. He has published translations of Von Betzold's “Theory of Color,” edited by Prof. Edward C. Pickering (Boston, 1876), and Lalanne's “Treatise on Etching,” with notes (1880), and is the author of “Art Education and Art Patronage in the United States” (1882), and “Etching, an Outline of its Technical Processes and its History, with Some Remarks on Collections and Collecting” (New York, 1885). Mr. Koehler wrote the text for “Original Etchings by American Artists” (1883) for “Twenty Original American Etchings” (1884) and for “American Art” (in press, 1887). He also edited the “United States Art Directory and Year Book” for 1882 and 1884, and is now (1887) engaged on a history of color-painting.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koenig, George Augustus

Edition of 1892.
​KOENIG, George Augustus, chemist, b. in Willstedt, Baden, Germany, about 1845. He was graduated at the Carlsruhe polytechnic school in 1863 as a mechanical engineer, and then studied the natural sciences, especially geology and mineralogy, at the universities of Heidelberg and Berlin, receiving the degree of Ph. D. from the former in 1867. Subsequently he spent a year at Freiberg, Saxony, where he devoted his attention to the practice of mining and metallurgy, and in October, 1868, he came to the United States. At first he was engaged in industrial chemistry, manufacturing sodium stannate from scrap tin, but in 1869 he became chemist to the Tacony chemical works in Philadelphia, for which corporation he examined mining property in Mexico, notably in the Botapelas district of Chihuahua. In 1874 he was appointed assistant professor of chemistry and mineralogy in the University of Pennsylvania, becoming acting professor of geology and mining in 1879, and professor of mineralogy and metallurgy in 1886. His scientific work includes the invention of chromometry or the application of complementary colors to the quantitative estimation of metals that are dissolved in known quantities of glass fluxes, the description of four new species of minerals, and the re-examination and more perfect determination of numerous other species, and the development of a method for freeing the silver from low-grade ores by the combined action of chlorine, a concentrated solution of salt, and steam pressure, for which a patent was issued in 1880, but which failed of commercial success. He is a member of scientific societies, and was one of the Seybert commission appointed by the University of Pennsylvania to investigate spiritualism. Dr. Koenig's investigations have been published in the “Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society,” in the “Journal” of the Philadelphia academy of natural sciences, of which societies he is a member, and in other chemical journals at home and abroad.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Kohut, Alexander

Edition of 1900.
KOHUT, Alexander, scholar, b. in Félegyháza, Hungary, 4 May, 1842; d. in New York city, 25 May, 1894. He attended the University of Leipzig, and was graduated with high honor at the age of twenty-two. He became a rabbi quickly, and in 1865 was chosen rabbi for Stuhlweissenburg. After eight years he went to Fünfkirchen, and again after a period of eight years to Grosswardein; thence in 1885 he came to New York city to succeed Rev. Dr. Adolph Hübsch in charge of Temple Ahawath Chesed. He was the most learned Talmudist in America, and he had also a wide European reputation for his knowledge of Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Zend, and for his learning in Aryan and Semitic religions. The work by which he will be best known is his “Aruch completum,” a Talmudical dictionary based on that of R. Nathan ben Jechiel of the eleventh century; it was a life work, and he was in some measure rewarded by the praises bestowed upon it by Renan, Delitzsch, and other scholars. He wrote also many monographs and other articles on Semitic and kindred subjects; a bibliography by his son is given in the “Tributes to the Memory of Rev. Dr. Alexander Kohut, Published by Congregation Ahawath Chesed” (New York, 1894). See also “Semitic Studies in Memory of Rev. Dr. Alexander Kohut, Edited by George Alexander Kohut” (Berlin, 1897).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Koehler, John Daniel

Edition of 1892.
​KOEHLER, John Daniel, Moravian bishop, b. near Stendal, Germany, 28 Aug., 1737; d. in Neudietendorf, Germany, 28 Jan., 1805. He was a graduate of the University of Halle. In 1783 he came to the United States and took charge of the church at Salem, N. C., and on 9 May, 1790, he was consecrated to the episcopate and became the presiding bishop of the southern district. After filling this office for eleven years he went to Europe in order to attend the general synod of the Moravian church, and on the adjournment of that body he did not return to the United States, but spent his remaining years in Germany.
# The Great Salvation/10

PROPOSITION 10.
Resurrection Is the Means of a Future Life for the Dead
Job 14:14 If a man die shall he live again?
Job 19:25, 26 1 know that my redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth, and though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God.
Psa. 49:15 But God will redeem my soul from the power of the grave.
Isa. 26:19 Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall their arise. Awake and sing) ye that dwell in dust.
Dan. 12:2 And many of them that deep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.
Phil. 3:10, 11 That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, * * * if by any means I might attain unto the resurrection of the dead.
I Cor. 15:16, 18 For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised; * * * then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ ARE PERISHED.
While it is clear from the testimonies given that man is mortal and absolutely destitute of immortality, and that in death he is dead and therefore unconscious, our hope of immortality must be through the resurrection, and immortality is therefore a matter of hope for the righteous only, and not an inherent possession of saint and sinner alike. Immortality is Gods nature. He is "The King eternal, immortal, invisible" (I Tim. 1:17), "who only hath immortality" (I Tim. 6:16). It is therefore a holy nature befitting righteous beings only; for God would surely not impart His own holy nature to wicked and depraved