OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# White v. Chin Fong

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
253 U.S. 90
White v. Chin Fong
Argued: April 22, 1920. --- Decided: May 17, 1920
Mr. Assistant Attorney General Stewart, for petitioner.
Mr. J. H. Ralston, of Washington, D. C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice MCKENNA delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# White v. Crow

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
110 U.S. 183
White v. Crow
While the events above mentioned in reference to this property were happening in Colorado the supreme court of the city and county of New York, in a suit therein pending against the company on May 29, 1882, appointed a receiver, to whom, on October 23, 1882, the company, by order of the court, conveved all its property. At a sale made by the receiver about December 1, 1882, the appellant, John E. White, became the purchaser of the property of the company in Chaffee county, Colorado, and on December 5th received a deed therefor from the receiver, and on December 6th a deed from the company. At the time of his purchase White knew of the liens against and sales of the property, and that the time for redemption was about to expire. He redeemed the property from the sale to Robinson before the time for redemption expired and paid off two judgments junior to those above mentioned. He, however, failed and refused to redeem the property from the sale to Crow within the time limited for redemption. After the time had expired White offered to redeem from the Crow sale, but the appellees refused to allow the property to be redeemed. Thereupon, on February 12, 1883, the appellant, John E. White, filed the bill in this case, to which Henslee, Crow, and the above-mentioned purchasers of said judgments, and Robert Ray, the sheriff of Chaffee county were made parties. The bill prayed that Ray, the sheriff of Chaffee county, might be enjoined from making a deed to the owners of the certificate of sale issued to Joseph R. Crow, and that the certificate might be declared null and void, and that upon payment by the complainant of the amounts found due to Crow on his claim against the property he might be compelled to execute a deed of release to him for said property. The only questions controverted on the final hearing were whether or not the judgment in favor of Crow and the certificate issued upon the sale made to him should be declared void, and whether the sheriff of Chaffee county should be enjoined from making a deed to him for the property in question, and whether the owners of the judgment and lien of Crow should, upon payment thereof, execute deeds of release to the appellant for said property. The circuit court decided all these questions in the negative, and directed that the defendants in interest should repay to the complainant the sums paid by him to discharge the leins upon said property, and, upon such payment, decreed that the bill should be dismissed. This appeal brings that decree under review.
L. S. Dixon, for appellant.
John D. Pope, for appellees.
WOODS, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# White v. Dunbar

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
119 U.S. 47
White v. Dunbar
Jos. P. Hornor, Chas. H. Joyce, and Wm. G. Henderson, for appellants, White and others.
Melville Church and J. B. Church, for appellees, Dunbar and others.
BRADLEY, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fox, Charles (1797-1878)

​FOX, CHARLES (1797–1878), scientific writer, seventh son of Robert Were Fox, by Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Tregelles of Falmouth, and younger brother of Robert Were Fox, F.R.S. [q. v.], was born at Falmouth 22 Dec. 1797, and educated at home. He became a partner in the firm of G. C. and R. W. Fox & Co., merchants and shipping agents at Falmouth, and was also a partner in the Perran Foundry Company at Perranarworthal, Cornwall, where from 1824 to 1847 he was the manager of the foundry and the engine manufactory.
He was one of the projectors and founders of the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society at Falmouth in 1833, and, in conjunction with Sir Charles Lemon, led the way to a movement which resulted in the offer of a premium of 600l. for the introduction of a man-engine into Cornish mines, the result of which was the erection of the first man-engine at Tresavean mine in 1842. This machine was a great success, and its invention has been the means of saving much unnecessary labour to the tin and copper miners in ascending and descending the mine shafts. He was president of the Polytechnic Society for 1871 and 1872, in connection with which institution he founded in 1841 the Lander prizes for maps and essays on geographical districts. He was president of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall from 1864 to 1867, and president of the Miners' Association of Cornwall and Devon from 1861 to 1863. He interested himself particularly in such discoveries, philological and antiquarian, as tended to throw light on Bible history, and with this object in view he visited Palestine, Egypt, and Algiers. In all branches of natural history he was deeply read, making collections and examining with the microscope the specimens illustrative of each department.
On the introduction of boring machines into mines he was one of the first to recognise their use, and as early as 1867 he wrote papers on this subject. He made many communications to the three Cornish societies, as well as to the ‘Mining Journal’ and ‘Hardwicke's Science Gossip.’ ‘Extracts from the Spiritual Diary of John Rutty, M.D.,’ was edited by Fox in 1840, and in 1870 he wrote a small work, ‘On the Ministry of Women.’ He was largely interested in Cornish mines throughout his life, and latterly was much impoverished by the failure of the greater number of these undertakings. For the last twenty-five years of his life he resided at Trebah, near Falmouth, and died there 18 April 1878, and was buried in the Friends' cemetery at Budock 23 April. He married, 20 Dec. 1825, Sarah, only daughter of William Hustler. She was born at Apple Hall, Bradford, Yorkshire, 8 Aug. 1800, and died at Trebah 19 Feb. 1882. Her writings were: ‘A Metrical Version of the Book of Job,’ 1852–4; ‘Poems, Original and Translated,’ 1863; ‘Catch who can, or Hide and Seek, Original Double Acrostics,’ 1869; and ‘The Matterhorn Sacrifice, a Poem,’ in ‘Macmillan's Magazine,’ 1865.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fox, Ebenezer

​FOX, EBENEZER (d. 1886), journalist, was born in England, and practised his profession in the north until he had nearly attained middle age. For several years he was chief reporter on the ‘Manchester Guardian.’ His account of the great floods at Holmfirth in 1852 was widely quoted. Delicate health induced Fox to emigrate to Australia. In 1862 he went to Dunedin and joined the staff of the ‘Otago Daily Times,’ being associated with Sir Julius Vogel and B. L. Farjeon, the novelist. When Vogel established the ‘Sun,’ Fox assisted him. The two friends moved to Auckland, and soon after Vogel joined William Fox's ministry in 1869 as colonial treasurer, Fox became his private secretary. In 1870 he was appointed confidential clerk and secretary to the treasury, which position he held up to his death. For sixteen years he was implicitly trusted by successive ministries. In the columns of the ‘New Zealand Times’ Fox wrote a series of articles on the denudation of the forests, which attracted much attention. Fox, who was kindly but eccentric in character, died of muscular atrophy at Wellington in January 1886.
G. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fox, George (1802?-1871)

​FOX, GEORGE (1802?–1871), topographer, a native of Pontefract, Yorkshire, carried on the business of a bookseller and stationer, in partnership with his father, John Fox, in Market Place in that town, and was for some years a member of the corporation. He died at his residence, Friar Wood House, on 23 Aug. 1871, aged 69. He compiled an excellent and now scarce ‘History of Pontefract,’ 8vo, Pontefract, 1827, illustrated with plates from his own drawings.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fox, Francis

​FOX, FRANCIS (1675–1738), divine, son of Francis Fox, was born at Brentford in 1675. He entered St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, as a commoner in April 1698, after having, according to Hearne, served six and a half years of his time as apprentice to a glover in London. He took the degree of B.A. in 1701, and that of M.A. in 1704. In 1705 he was chaplain to the lord mayor, Sir Owen Buckingham, and apparently about this time was ‘commonly known as Father Fox.’ Bishop Burnet appointed him rector of Boscombe, Wiltshire, in 1708, and promoted him thence to the vicarage of Potterne, a better living, in 1711. He was chaplain to Lord Cadogan, and, from 1713 till his death, prebendary of Salisbury. In 1726 the lord chancellor presented him to the vicarage of St. Mary's in Reading, a living worth 300l. a year. There he died in July 1738.
He was, at any rate for most of his life, a strong whig, and in 1727 he preached at what was called the Reading lecture a sermon which gave great offence to a number of the clergy who formed the audience. After being repeated as an assize sermon at Abingdon, it was published under the title of ‘Judgment, Mercy, and Fidelity, the Weightier Matters or Duties of the Law’ (Matt. xxiii. 23). It was considered to undervalue the efficacy of the sacraments, and to depreciate unduly the usefulness of preaching against dissenters. Angry letters about it were exchanged between Fox and the Rev. Joseph Slade of St. Laurence's, Reading, who eventually published a sermon in reply to it, with the letters prefixed. This in its turn was attacked by the Rev. Lancelot Carleton in ‘A Letter to the Rev. Jos. Slade.’
Besides the sermon, ‘Judgment, Mercy, and Fidelity,’ Fox published:
* ‘The Superintendency of Divine Providence over Human Affairs,’ a sermon preached in St. Paul's before the lord mayor on Restoration-day, 1705.
* An anonymously printed folio sheet entitled ‘The Obligations Christians are under to shun Vice and Immorality and to practise Piety and Virtue shown from the express words of Holy Scripture,’ about 1707.
* ‘The Lawfulness of Oaths and the Sin of Perjury and Profane Swearing,’ an assize sermon at Salisbury, 1710.
* ‘The Duty of Public Worship proved, with directions for a devout behaviour therein,’ 1713 (19th ed. S.P.C.K., 1818).
* ‘A Sermon on the Sunday next after 5 Nov.’ (Num. xxiii. 23), 1715.
* ‘The New Testament, with references and notes,’ 1722.
* ‘An Introduction to Spelling and Reading, containing lessons for children,’ 7th ed. 1754 (17th ed. S.P.C.K., 1805).
[Coates's Hist. of Reading, pp. 116, 117, and extract from Rawlinson MS. J., 4to, iii. 286, in the supplement; Hearne's Collections, ed. Doble, i. 34, ii. 6, 75, 107; Hearne's MS. Diary, lxxxvi. 11, cxi. 115; Hoare's Modern Wiltshire, Underditch, p. 164, Ambresbury, p. 116; Hutchins's Hist. of Dorset (3rd ed), ii. 572; Political State, July 1738, lvi. 93; Oxford Cat. of Grad.; Brit. Mus. and Bodleian Catalogues of Printed Books.]
E. C-n.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hague, Charles

​HAGUE, CHARLES (1769–1821), professor of music at Cambridge, was born in 1769 at Tadcaster in Yorkshire, and was taught music and the violin by an elder brother. In 1779 he removed with his brother to Cambridge, where he studied the violin under Manini and thorough-bass and composition under Hellendaal the elder. Here he rapidly acquired celebrity as a violin-player, which led to a friendship with Dr. Jowett, then regius professor of civil law. Manini dying in 1785, Hague removed to London and studied under Salomon and Dr. Cooke. On his return to Cambridge he took pupils, among whom was Dr. William Crotch [q. v.], and in 1794 proceeded Mus.B. In 1799 he succeeded Dr. Randall as professor of music, and in 1801 proceeded Mus.D. His principal works are:
1. ‘By the Waters of Babylon. An Anthem composed for the Degree of Bachelor of Music, and performed 29 June 1794.’ 2. ‘Glees.’ 3. ‘Twelve Symphonies by Haydn, arranged as Quintets.’ 4. ‘The Ode as performed in the Senate-house at Cambridge at the Installation of his Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester, Chancellor of the University.’ This ode was written by William Smyth, professor of history. He also assisted Mr. Plumptre, fellow of Clare College, Cambridge, in the publication of ‘A Collection of Songs,’ 1805.
Hague died at Cambridge 18 June 1821. His eldest daughter, Harriot, an accomplished pianist, who published in 1814 ‘Six Songs, with an Accompaniment for the Pianoforte,’ died in 1816, aged 23.
N. D. F. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haigh, Thomas

1904 Errata appended.
​HAIGH, THOMAS (1769–1808), violinist, pianist, and composer, was born in London in 1769 (Brown), and studied composition under Haydn in 1791 and 1792. Haigh's numerous compositions, which deserve some praise, show Haydn's influence very distinctly. They include sonatas for pianoforte solo and for pianoforte and violin or flute, serenatas, capriccios, and arrangements. Some of them were reprinted at Paris and others at Offenbach. The better known of them are: Two sets of three sonatas, each for pianoforte, dedicated to Haydn, 1796(?); three sonatas for pianoforte, with accompaniment for violin or flute, London, 1798(?); three sonatas for pianoforte, airs by Giardini introduced, Op. 13, 1800(?); sonata for pianoforte, with air from ‘Beggar's Opera’ introduced, Op. 28, 1800(?); sonata, with air Viva tutte, accompaniment flute or violin, 1812(?); sonata, pianoforte, dedicated to Miss Bain, 1817(?); grand sonata, dedicated to Miss Heathcote, 1819; ‘Yesterday,’ ‘Whan you told us,’ and other ballads, about 1800. A violin concerto and a parody on the 'Lodoiska' for flute (see Clementi's Catalogue) are also ascribed to Haigh in the ‘Dictionary of Music’ of 1827. From 1793 to 1801 Haigh lived in Manchester, where he probably had family connections. He died in London in April 1808 (Brown).
[Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 644; Brown's Dict. of Musicians, p. 296; Gerber's Tonkünstler-lexikon, 1812, p. 483; Haigh's musical works in British Museum Library.]
L. M. M.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.143 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 441 | ii | 2-3 | Haigh, Thomas: for the overture . . . . flute read 'Lodoiska' for flute (see Clementi's Catalogue) |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hailstone, John

​HAILSTONE, JOHN (1759–1847), geologist, born near London on 13 Dec. 1759, was placed at an early age under the care of a maternal uncle at York, and was sent to Beverley school in the East Riding. Samuel Hailstone [q. v.] was a younger brother. John went to Cambridge, entering first at Catharine Hall, and afterwards at Trinity College, and was second wrangler of his year (1782). He was elected fellow of Trinity in 1784, and four years later became Woodwardian professor of geology, an office which he held for thirty years. He went to Germany, and studied geology under Werner at Freiburg for about twelve months. On his return to Cambridge he devoted himself to the study and collection of geological specimens, but did not deliver any lectures. He published, however, in 1792, ‘A Plan of a course of lectures.’ The museum was considerably enriched by him. He married, and retired to the vicarage of Trumpington, near Cambridge, in 1818, and worked zealously for the education of the poor ​of his parish. He devoted much attention to chemistry and mineralogy, as well as to his favourite science, and kept for many years a meteorological diary. He made additions to the Woodwardian Museum, and left manuscript journals of his travels at home and abroad, and much correspondence on geological subjects. He was elected to the Linnean Society in 1800, and to the Royal Society in 1801, and was one of the original members of the Geological Society. Hailstone contributed papers to the 'Transactions of the Geological Society' (1816, iii. 243–50), the 'Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society' (1822, i. 453–8), and the British Association (Report, 1834, p. 569). He died at Trumpington on 9 June 1847, in his eighty-eighth year.
[Obit. notices in Quarterly Journ. Geol. Soc. 1849, v. xix; Proceedings Linnean Soc. 1849, i. 372–3; Abstract of Papers contributed to Royal Soc. 1851, v. 711. See also Clark and Hughes's Life of A. Sedgwick, i. 152, 155, 195–197; Royal Soc. Cat. of Scientific Papers, 1869, iii. 125; Notes and Queries, 7th ser. iv. 188, 316; Gent. Mag. May 1818 p. 463, September 1847 p. 328.]
H. R. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haggart, David

​HAGGART, DAVID (1801–1821), thief and homicide, was born at Golden Acre, near Edinburgh, 24 June 1801. A gamekeeper's son, he was taken twice as a gillie to the highlands, received a good plain education, but had already begun to commit petty thefts when, in July 1813, he enlisted as a drummer in the Norfolk militia, then stationed at Edinburgh Castle. George Borrow [q. v.], who probably saw him in Edinburgh, gave a very fanciful sketch of him in 'Lavengro.' Borrow's 'wild, red-headed lad of some fifteen years, his frame lithy as an antelope's, but with prodigious breadth of chest,' was then only twelve years old. Next year, when the regiment left for England, David got his discharge, and after nine months' more schooling was bound a millwright's apprentice. The firm was bankrupt in April 1817, and having no employment he soon became a regular pickpocket—burglar sometimes, and shoplifter haunting every fair and racecourse between Durham and Aberdeen. His luck varied, but was never better than during the first four months, when he and an Irish comrade shared more than three hundred guineas. Six times imprisoned, he four times broke out of gaol; and on 10 Oct. 1820, in his escape from Dumfries tolbooth, he felled the turnkey with a stone, and killed him. He got over to Ireland, and was sailing at one time for America, at another for France, but in March 1821 was arrested for theft at Clough fair, recognised, and brought, heavily ironed, from Kilmainham to Dumfries, and thence to Edinburgh. There he was tried on 11 June 1821, and hanged on 18 July. Twelve days before the trial he was visited in prison by George Combe [q. v.], the phrenologist, and between the trial and his execution he partly wrote, partly dictated, an autobiography, which was published by his agent, with Combe's phrenological notes as an appendix, and Haggart's own comments. It is a curious picture of criminal life, the best, and seemingly the most faithful, of its kind, and possesses also some linguistic value, as being mainly written in the Scottish thieves' cant, which contains a good many genuine Romany words. Lord Cockburn, writing from recollection in 1848, declares the whole book to be 'a tissue of absolute lies, not of mistakes, or of exaggerations, or of fancies, but of sheer and intended lies. And they all had one object, to make him appear a greater villain than he really was.' On the other hand, the contemporaneous account of the trial, so far as it goes, bears out Haggart's narrative ; Cockburn is certainly wrong in describing Haggart as 'about twenty-five,' and in stating that the portrait prefixed professed to be 'by his own hand.'
F. H. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hailes, Lord

​HAILES, Lord, Scottish judge. [See Dalrymple, Sir David, 1726–1792.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hails, William Anthony

​HAILS or HAILES, WILLIAM ANTHONY (1766–1845), miscellaneous writer, son of a shipwright, was born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 24 May 1766. An accident in his childhood prevented him from attending school till his eleventh year. He learnt the alphabet from an old church prayer-book, and his father taught him writing and arithmetic. He remained at school only three years, after which he worked as a shipwright for sixteen years. During this time he acquired a good knowledge of Latin and Greek, and also studied Hebrew, together with some other oriental languages. He wrote several papers for the 'Classical Journal,' and contributed to the 'Gentleman's Magazine' and 'Monthly Magazine.' Hails ultimately became a schoolmaster at Newcastle, but had only moderate success. He was a Wesleyan methodist, and preached occasionally in the chapel of his sect at Newcastle. He died at Newcastle on 30 Aug. 1845.
Hails wrote:
* 'Nugæ Poeticæ,' Newcastle-upon-Tyne(?), 1806.
* 'An Enquiry concerning the Invention of the Life Boat,' claiming William Wouldhave of South Shields to be the inventor, Newcastle, 1806.
* 'A Voice from the Ocean,' Newcastle(?), 1807.
* 'Tract No. 6,' published by the Society for the Propagation of Christianity among the Jews, 1809.
* 'The Pre-existence and Deity of the Messiah defended on the indubitable evidence of the Prophets and Apostles.'
* 'Socinianism unscriptural. Being an examination of Mr. Campbell's attempt to explode the Scripture Doctrine of human depravity, the Atonement, &c.,' two pamphlets on the Socinian controversy, both published at Newcastle in 1813.
* 'The Scorner reproved,' Newcastle, 1817.
* 'A letter to the Rev. W. Turner. Occasioned by the publication of Two Discourses preached by him at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Association of Scottish Unitarian Christians,' Newcastle, 1818. A second 'Letter' was published in the following year.
* 'Remarks on Volney's "Ruins," or a Survey of the Revolutions of Empires,' 1825.
* 'The First Commandment: a Discourse,' Newcastle, 1827.
* 'A Letter to C. Larkin, in reply to his Letter to W. Chapman on Transubstantiation,' Newcastle, 1831.
Many of Hails's writings evoked published replies.
[E. Mackenzie's Hist. of Newcastle, i. 403-4; John Latimer's Local Records of Northumberland and Durham (Newcastle, 1857), p. 204.]
F. W-t.