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# A Life of Matthew Fontaine Maury

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See also Matthew Fontaine Maury (2009 compilation) based on this book.
A LIFE
OF
MATTHEW FONTAINE MAURY,
U.S.N. AND C.S.N.
AUTHOR OF ' PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE SEA
AND ITS METEOROLOGY.'
COMPILED BY HIS DAUGHTER,
DIANA FONTAINE MAURY CORBIN.
LONDON:
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE, & RIVINGTON,
LIMITED,
St. Dunstan's House,
Fetter Lane, Fleet Street, E.C.
1888.
[All rights reserved.]
LONDON:
PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, stamford street and charing cross.
TO
ANN HERNDON MAURY,
THE LOVING WIFE AND TENDER MOTHER,
THIS VOLUME
Is Affectionally Inscribed.
"The heart of her husband doth safely trust in her." "Her children also shall rise up and call her blessed."
PREFACE.
My object in the preparation of this biography is to establish the claim of subject to a place; among the greatest benefactors of his race; and to demonstrate, especially to the youth of his beloved country, how a man may be both great and good, mighty in mind and pure in heart. I have endeavoured fitly to show how he persisted in the path of duty even when it led to poverty and exile; how he threw into any work he undertook his whole heart; and how, after a life of exceptional fidelity to earthly obligation, as a Christian philosopher he met and triumphed over death.
Much matter of value to such a memoir perished during the war, though more remained than I have as yet been able satisfactorily to use. From a mass of letters and other documents collected during several years by my sister, Mrs. James R. Werth, this volume has been mainly been made up; but the limits to which I felt obliged to confine myself have excluded not a little I wished it to embrace.
​I desire gratefully to acknowledge the assistance of my cousin, Gen. Dabney H. Maury, who has furnished several graceful sketches included in the work; and of another kinsman, Col. Wm. W. Blackford, who has supplied help of a similar nature.
My sincere thanks are also due to Professor L. M. Blackford, of the Episcopal High School, near Alexander, and his talented wife, for their criticisms, alterations, and additions to this work.
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Appendix A
* Appendix B
* Appendix C
* Appendix D
* Extracts from Maury's Will
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Licentious Person

Thy sinnes and haires may no man equall call, For, as thy sinnes increase, thy haires doe fall.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Emer

​EMER. One of the early kings of the Jaredites. Two years before his death, Omer, his father, anointed him to reign in his stead. Emer was one of the best kings of his race, he executed judgment in righteousness all his days. In his reign the people greatly increased in numbers and in wealth, becoming the owners of large herds of useful animals, and rich in agricultural and mineral products, in gems and fine manufactured goods. The curse, also, which had come upon the land during the days of Akish because of the iniquity of the people, began to be removed, as they were now living more righteously. Emer's was a lengthy reign; sixty-two years are mentioned; but it is not evident whether this period covers the whole of his reign or not. When he died, full of years and honor, he was succeeded by one of his ​numerous sons, named Coriantum, whom he had anointed king four years before his death. It is recorded of Emer that he saw the Son of Righteousness, and did rejoice and glorify in his day.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Emron

​EMRON. A Nephite officer, mentioned in Mormon's second epistle to his son as having been slain in a severe battle with the Lamanites. From the context we judge he was held in high regard by Mormon.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Enos

​ENOS. A Nephite prophet, the grandson of Lehi and Sariah. Enos, if not the leading spirit of the age among his people, was undoubtedly one of the most conspicuous and zealous servants of the Lord who ministered and prophesied to the early Nephites. The son of Jacob, the priest and historian of the colony, he succeeded his father in these sacred offices, and appears to have inherited his faith, gentleness and devotion. Of his personal life we have no particulars, but it is evident that he was a very aged man at the time of his departure from the scenes of mortality. His father, Jacob, was the elder of the two sons born to Lehi in the Asiatic wilderness, between the year 600 and 590 before Christ. We have no direct statement either of Enos' birth or the exact time of his death; all we know is that when he left this earth he gave the records and the sacred things associated therewith into the hands of his son Jarom, 180 years after Lehi left Jerusalem, or B. C. 421.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Esrom

​ESROM. A son of the unfortunate Jaredite king Omer, born to him while he was held in captivity by his son Jared. Esrom and his brother Coriantumr, growing exceedingly angry at the treatment received by their father, raised an army and made a night attack upon the forces of the usurper, in which they gained a complete victory, Jared's army being destroyed and he himself taken prisoner. Esrom and his associates then replaced their father on the throne. In the rebellion of Akish it is said that the Lord was merciful to Omer and also to his sons and daughters who did not seek his destruction. It is, therefore, altogether probable that if Esrom still lived he accompanied his father in his exile to the distant land of Ablom.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Egyptians

​EGYPTIANS. The people of Egypt. They are referred to in connection with their language (I Nephi, 1:3), and the deliverance of the Israelites from bondage under Moses.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Elam

​ELAM. The land of the Elamites, a country lying south of Assyria. It is only mentioned in the Book of Mormon in a quotation from Isaiah (II Nephi, 21:11).
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Ephraim, Hill

​EPHRAIM, HILL. A hill mentioned in the Book of Ether (Ether 7:9), from which Shule obtained iron ore with which to make swords to arm his followers, in their effort to replace his father Kib on the throne. We judge this hill to have been situated in Central America, as it ​was evidently at no very great distance from the land Moron, afterwards Desolation.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Errata

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ERRATA.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Elijah

​ELIJAH. The prophet of Israel. His name only appears in the Book of Mormon in the Savior's quotation from Malachi, "Behold I will send you Elijah, the prophet," (III Nephi, 25:5).
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Ephraim

​EPHRAIM. The name used by Isaiah for the Kingdom of Israel, and used in the same sense in Nephi's quotations from the writings of that prophet.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tomlinson, Nicholas Robinson

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​TOMLINSON. (Lieutenant, 1810.)
Nicholas Robinson Tomlinson is son of the late Commander Robt. Tomlinson, R.N.; and nephew of the late Vice-Admiral Nicholas Tomlinson.
This officer obtained his commission 16 Jan. 1810. His last appointment was to the Hazard 16, Capt. John Cookesley, in which vessel he served on the Newfoundland station, as First-Lieutenant, from 14 Jan. 1814 until Dec. 1816. Agents – Burnett and Holmes.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Torlesse, Henry Boden

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​TORLESSE. (Lieut., 1815. f-p., 9; h-p., 32.)
Henry Boden Torlesse entered the Navy, 10 May, 1806, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Antelope 50, Capts. Henry Bazely and Edw. Galwey; under the former of whom he escorted the East India trade to and from St. Helena, and conveyed the Earl of Caledon to the Cape of Good Hope. After visiting the Mediterranean he followed Capt. Galwey, in April, 1809, as Midshipman (a rating he had attained in Dec. 1807), into the Isis 50, In which ship, commanded next by Capt. Woodley Losack, we find him, in the course of the same year, accompanying the expedition to the Walcheren. From Feb. 1810 until Dec. 1811, and from the latter date until March, 1814, he was employed as Midshipman and Master’s Mate, chiefly on the coast of North America, in the Belvidera 36, Capt. Rich. Byron, and Morgiana 18, Capt. David Scott; he then returned to England in the Terpsichore frigate, Capt. Wm. Bowen Mends; and from the following June until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, 11 May, 1815, he served on the Portsmouth station in the Tyrian brig, Capt. Augustus Baldwin. He has since been on half-pay.
Lieut. Torlesse has been for some time a Police Magistrate at Van Diemen’s Land.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tottenham, John Francis

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​TOTTENHAM. (Lieutenant, 1844.)
John Francis Tottenham is ninth son of Lord Robt. Ponsonby Tottenham, D.D., Bishop of Clogher, by Alicia, third daughter of Cornwallis Maude, 1st Viscount Hawarden; and grandson of Charles, 1st Marquess of Ely. His eldest brother, Charles John, is a Lieutenant in the 2nd Life Guards; another, Cornwallis, is in the Hon.E.I.Co.’s service; and a third, William, died a Lieutenant R.N.
This officer entered the Navy in 1834; passed his examination 6 Sept. 1841; and in 1842-3 was nominated Mate of the Inconstant 36 and Hyacinth 18, Capts. Fred. Thos. Michell and Fras. Scott, on the Mediterranean and African stations. As a reward for the gallant and dashing manner in which, in a 4-oared gig he went, 13 Aug. 1844, in pursuit of, maintained a running action with, and ultimately drove on shore (where she was abandoned by her crew, 18 in number, several of whom were killed and wounded) a Brazilian brig of 200 tons (afterwards got off by the Hyacinth) carrying 2 4-pounders, a barrel of powder, a quantity of langridge shot, and a number of muskets, swords, and bayonets, Mr. Tottenham, on the urgent recommendation of his Captain, was promoted, 27 Dec. following, to the rank of Lieutenant. His appointments have since been – 4 June, 1845, to the Resistance troop-ship, Capt. Chas. Geo. Edw. Patey – 6 Nov. 1846, as First, to the Medea steam-sloop, of 350 horse-power, Capts. Graham Eden Wm. Hamond and Thos. Henry Mason, equipping for the East Indies – 25 Nov. 1847, as Additional, to the Vernon 50, bearing the flag on that station of Rear-Admiral Sam. Hood Inglefield – and, 15 June, 1848, to the Meander 44, Capt. Hon. Henry Keppel, also in the East Indies, where he is now serving.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tompson, Joseph Frank

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​TOMPSON. (Lieutenant, 1824.)
Joseph Frank Tompson entered the Navy 17 May, 1811; obtained his commission 21 Jan. 1824; and was appointed, 15 April following and 5 March, 1825, to the Ramillies 74 and Hyperion 42, Coast Blockade ships, Capts. Wm. M‘Culloch and Wm. Jas. Mingaye. He has been on half-pay since 1826. Agents – Hallett and Robinson.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tonge, Louis Charles Henry

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​TONGE. (Lieutenant, 1845.)
Louis Charles Henry Tonge is youngest surviving son of Wm. Norris Tonge, Esq., of Alveston, ​co. Gloucester, and Highway, co. Wilts, a Magistrate and Deputy-Lieutenant for Gloucestershire, and a Retired-Commander R.N. (Lieut. 1794), who died 4 April, 1844, aged 67, by Mary Ann, daughter of the Rev. John Bryen, of co. Somerset. His grandfather, Henry Tonge, Esq., married Anne Eliza, daughter of Vice-Admiral Harry Norris, himself the son of Admiral Sir John Norris, by Hon. Elizabeth Aylmer, daughter of Matthew Lord Aylmer. His eldest brother, Augustus Henry, is a Captain in the Wiltshire Militia; and his next, John Henry, a Captain in the Army. One of his sisters, Lucy Elizabeth, is wife of the Rev. Augustus Wm. Noel, son of the late Capt. Hon. Fred. Noel, R.N. (1819).
This officer passed his examination 1 March, 1837; served in the Mediterranean and at Devonport, as Mate, in the Vernon 50, Capt. Wm. Walpole, and Caledonia 120, flag-ship of Sir David Milne, from 1841 until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 28 May, 1845; and from 20 June in the latter year until paid off in 1848, was employed on the Home station and again in the Mediterranean in the Trafalgar 120, Capts. John Neale Nott and Chas. Hope.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tottenham, William

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​TOTTENHAM. (Lieutenant, 1841.)
William Tottenham died 14 Aug. 1847, at Woodstock, co. Wicklow. He was fifth son of the Bishop of Clogher; and brother of the present Lieut. John F. Tottenham, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy 2 Feb. 1826; served as Midshipman in the Blonde 46, Capt. Edm. Lyons, at the siege, in Oct. 1828, of Morea Castle, the last hold of the Turks in the Peloponnesus; passed his examination 26 April, 1832; and at the period of his promotion to the rank of Lieutenant, which took place 23 Nov. 1841, had been for some time employed as Mate in the Camperdown 104, flag-ship of Sir Henry Digby at Sheerness. His succeeding appointments were – 1 Dec. 1841, to the Dido 18, Capt. Hon. Henry Keppel, fitting for the East Indies, whence he returned at the close of 1843 – in Dec. 1844, to the Racehorse 18, Capt. Geo. Jas. Hay, equipping at Devonport – and 4 Feb. 1845, to the Vanguard 80, Capt. Geo. Wickens Willes, with whom he served on the Home and Mediterranean stations until within a short time of his death. While attached to the Dido he assisted at the capture of Woosung and Shanghae, took part in various operations on the Yang-tse-Kiang river, and commanded a tender in an attack upon a horde of Borneo pirates. Agent – Joseph Woodhead.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Touzeau, James Charles Mann

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​TOUZEAU. (Commander, 1842. f-p., 21; h-p., 5.)
James Charles Mann Touzeau was born 4 Sept. 1806.
This officer entered the Navy, 6 Aug. 1821, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Doterel 18, Capt. Wm. Hendry, stationed on the coast of North America. In Aug. 1825 he became Midshipman of the Genoa 74, Capt. Walter Bathurst, employed at first off Lisbon and next in the Mediterranean, where he fought at the battle of Navarin 20 Oct. 1827. On that occasion he was the senior unpassed Midshipman on board the Genoa. In July, 1828, six months after he had been discharged from that ship, he was received on board the Nightingale schooner, Lieut.-Commanders Edw. Smith and Geo. Wood; under the latter of whom he was wrecked 7 Feb. 1829, off South Yarmouth, and lost nearly all he possessed. Having passed his examination 6 Aug. 1828, he was successively, in March, June, and Nov. 1829, nominated Mate of the Melville 74, Capt. Alex. Wilmot Schomberg, Kent 78, Capt. John Ferris Devonshire, and Stork Revenue-cruizer, Lieut.-Commanders Sam. Barrett, Wm. Lowcay, and Wm. Lowry, all on the Home station; where he served, from Dec. 1832 until July, 1837, in the Ranger, another Revenue-vessel, Lieut.-Commanders Wm. Henry Baker, Jas. Stuart, and Thos. Sam. Hall. He then joined the Alligator 28, Capt. Jas. John Gordon Bremer, fitting at Portsmouth; and on 2 Sept. following he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. He was employed afterwards, from 14 Sept. 1837 until 10 Oct. 1838, and from 14 Dec. 1839 until 5 Oct. 1843, In the Tyne 28, Capt. John Townshend, and Pylades 18, Capts. Talavera Vernon Anson and Louis Symonds Tindal, on the Mediterranean and China stations. In the boats of the vessel last mentioned he was engaged, 29 July, 1840, in an action with three piratical junks of greatly superior force; one of which was taken – the two others effecting their escape. The British in this affair had 2 men killed and 7 wounded; and the enemy about 50 killed. Mr. Touzeau also took an active part in the operations against Canton; and on that city being ransomed he was sent, on the morning of 26 May, 1841, accompanied by a detachment of Sepoys and of the 49th Regiment as ​a guard, with despatches to the troops who were in possession of the heights, communicating the intelligence to them and directing a cessation of hostilities. After assisting at the reduction of Amoy, he was left there for the protection of that and the adjacent islands. On finally quitting the Pylades he was presented with a Commander’s commission bearing date 23 Dec. 1842. He has since been on half-pay.
He married 30 May, 1832.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tomlinson, James Ward

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​TOMLINSON. (Lieutenant, 1826.)
James Ward Tomlinson is eldest son of the late Vice-Admiral Nicholas Tomlinson.
This officer entered the Navy 11 Oct. 1813; passed his examination in 1820; and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 1 Feb. 1826, as a reward for his conduct during the war in Ava; where he served with the British flotilla in a brilliant and decisive attack made upon the village of Than-ta-bain, 7 Oct. 1824, commanded the boats of the Arachne 18, Capt. Henry Ducie Chads, at the defeat, 15 Dec. following, of 200 of the enemy’s war-boats on the Lyne branch of the river Irawady, and was present, 6 Feb. 1825, at the capture of a 36-gun stockade at the above-named Than-ta-bain. His appointments have since been – 31 March, 1828, to the Badger 10, Capt. Chas. Crowdy, employed on particular service – 10 Dec. 1829, after a few months of half-pay, to the Coast Blockade, in which he remained, as a Supernumerary of the Hyperion 42, Capt. Wm. Jas. Mingaye, until the early part of 1832 – 17 Sept. 1832 and 9 Dec. 1833, to the Britannia 120 and Talavera 74, Capts. Peter Rainier and Edw. Chetham, both in the Mediterranean, whence he returned in 1835 – 9 Feb. 1842, for upwards of 12 months, to the post of Admiralty Agent on board a contract mail steam-vessel – and 24 Nov. 1845, to the command, which he still retains, of the Harpy steam-vessel, of 200 horse-power, on the south-east coast of America. Agents – Goode and Lawrence.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Tomlinson, Robert Cosby

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​TOMLINSON. (Lieut., 1813. f-p., 10; h-p., 33.)
Robert Cosby Tomlinson, born in 1790, at Exeter, is son of Retired-Commander Philip Tomlinson, R.N. (Lieut. 1782), who died in 1839; and nephew of the late Vice-Admiral Nicholas Tomlinson, and the late Capt. Wm. Godfrey, R.N., C.B. (1809), who served as Midshipman of the Culloden 74 in the action of 1 June, 1794, was Senior-Lieutenant of the Prince 98 at the battle of Trafalgar 21 Oct. 1805, and was promoted to Post-rank for his conduct in command of the Aetna bomb at the destruction of the French shipping in Aix Roads. One of his brothers, Philip, a Master’s Mate, was mortally wounded at the siege of Copenhagen 31 Aug. 1807; and another, a Lieutenant, was accidentally killed on board the Bombay 74.
This officer entered the Navy, in April, 1804, as Midshipman, on board the Unité 36, stationed as a block-ship in the river Thames. Being discharged about June, 1805, he next, in Feb. 1806, joined the Lion 64, Capts. Henry Heathcote and Robt. Rolles. After having escorted convoy to and from the East Indies and China, he removed as Master’s Mate, in June, 1810, to the Aetna bomb. While in that vessel, which was commanded in succession by Capts. Wm. Godfrey, Peter Lawless, and John Bowker, he bore a warm part in Lord Cochrane’s celebrated attack upon the French squadron in Aix Roads, accompanied the expedition to the Walcheren, and, uniting in the defence of Cadiz, was present (during the investment of Fort Matagorda by Marshal Soult) at the bombardment of Trocadero. In Oct. 1810, at which period he had been serving for four months off Cadiz and Lisbon in the Tonnant 80, Capts. Hassard Stacpoole and Sir John Gore, he was received on board the Statira 38, also commanded by Capt. Stacpoole, under whom he was for exactly two years employed on the West India and North American stations, the latter part of the time as Acting-Lieutenant. In Aug. and Sept. 1812 he witnessed the capture of three privateers, the Buckskin, Regulator, and Bunker’s Hill, In Dec. of the same year he was again ordered to act as Lieutenant in the Loup Cervier, alias Peacock 18, Capts. Chas. Gill and Wm. Bowen Mends, also on the coast of North America. He was officially promoted 14 July, 1813; and in the spring of 1814 he returned home with Capt. Mends in the Terpsichore frigate. The state of his health has not permitted him to serve since.
In Dec. 1843 Lieut. Tomlinson resigned the appointment, which he had for some time held, of Inspector of Weights and Measures for co. Essex. He married, in 1S38, Mary Penelope, eldest daughter of the late Rev. Moses Dodd, Rector of Fordham, co. Essex.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Wetherall, Frederick Augustus

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​WETHERALL. (Captain, 1826. f-p., 14; h-p., 33.)
Frederick Augustus Wetherall was born 20 Feb. 1788.
This officer entered the Navy, in 1800, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Boston 32, Capt. John Erskine Douglas, stationed on the coast of North America where, after having served as Midshipman with different Captains in the Leander 50, Leopard 50, and Cambrian 40, he was nominated, 30 Oct. 1806, Acting-Lieutenant of the Observateur sloop, Capt. Hon. Geo. Alfred Crofton. While in the Leander, under the present Sir John Talbot, he assisted at the capture, 23 Feb. 1805, of La Ville de Milan of 46 guns, and her prize the Cleopatra 32, both which ships had been much shattered during a recent engagement. Being confirmed a Lieutenant of the Observateur 24 Feb. 1807, he continued employed in that vessel, on the North American and West India stations, until Nov. 1810. He was afforded an opportunity in consequence of co-operating in the reduction of Martinique and Guadeloupe; and was in company (as Acting-Commander of the Observateur) with the Junon 38, Capt. John Shortland, when that ship was capiured, after a noble defence, by four French frigates, 13 Dec. 1809. He was appointed, 18 Aug. 1812, to the Owen Glendower 42, Capt. Brian Hodgson, on the East India station; he attained the rank of Commander 15 June, 1814; and from 26 July, 1825, until Posted 13 Nov. 1826, he served in that capacity in the Fly 18, again in the East Indies, where he was present at Rangoon during the Burmese war. He accepted the Retirement 1 Oct. 1846.
Capt. Wetherall married Mary, eldest daughter of H. Hamilton, Esq., and niece of Mr. Hamilton, M.P. for co. Meath, by whom he has issue five children. Agents – Hallett and Robinson.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Western, George

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​WESTERN. (Lieutenant, 1837.)
George Western is son of James Western, Esq., of 7, Great James Street, Bedford Row, London, and cousin of Commander R. R. Western, R.N.
This officer, passed his examination in 1832, and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 1 Dec. 1837. His appointments have since been – 2 Dec. 1837, as Additional, to the Princess Charlotte 104, flag-ship of Hon. Sir Robt. Stopford in the Mediterranean – 25 July, 1838, to the Barham 50, Capt. Armar Lowry Corry, on the same station – 26 April, 1839, again as Additional, to the Niagara 20, Capt. Williams Sandom, on the Lakes of Canada – 7 June, 1842, in a similar capacity, to the Illustrious 72, flag-ship of Sir Chas. Adam, and 17 Sept. 1842, to the Volage 26, Capt. Sir Wm. Dickson, both on. the North America and West India station – 22 Nov. 1844 (he had left the Yolage in the summer, of 1843) and 5 Jan. 1846; as Senior, to the Firefly steam-surveying vessel, and Gladiator steam-firigate, Capts. Fred. Wm. Beechey and John Robb, on the coast of Ireland and in the Channel – and, 17 Nov. 1846 and 8 Aug. 1848, to the command of the Jackal steamer of 150-horse power, and Spy brigantine, the former employed on the Home, Lisbon, and Mediterranean stations, the latter on the coast of Africa, where he is now serving.