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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Joseph

​BENNET, JOSEPH (1629–1707), nonconformist divine, the son of Joseph Bennet, rector of Warbleton, in Sussex, was born in 1629. He was educated at Tunbridge grammar school under Mr. Home, and on 30 June 1645 was admitted sizar for the master at St. John's College, Cambridge, as a member of which he proceeded B.A. in 1649–50. Having had the misfortune to lose his father at an early age, he was brought up by an ​uncle named Mr. English, of Brightling, who directed his studies to the church in order that he might present him to the living of that parish, of which he was patron. A rector was appointed ad interim, but when asked to vacate he refused, and Bennet did not succeed to the benefice until 1658. In the meantime he had acquired reputation as a preacher first at Hooe, and afterwards at Burwash, both in his native county. When the act of uniformity was passed he refused to comply with its demands, and was accordingly ejected from his living on 23 Feb. 1661-2. He stayed, however, at Brightling for twenty years, and opened a school, which flourished at first, until dispersed by the plague in 1665. While his successor in the living fled the parish for his own safety, Bennet remained at his post, and continued in unremitting attendance on the parishioners, who died in great numbers. This endeared him to the people of the neighbourhood to such a degree, that when the five-mile act came into operation no one could be found to inform against him, and he remained unmolested. 'His motto,' says Calamy, 'was, God's good providence be mine inheritance, which was answered to him; for when his family was increased he was surprisingly provided for, so that though he never abounded, he never was in any distressing want. He generally had a few boarders and scholars, which was at once a help and a diversion.' He afterwards undertook the charge of a nonconformist congregation at Hellingly, and latterly at Hastings, where he died in 1707. He does not appear to have been altogether free from the superstitious fancies of his day, if we may credit a tale of witchcraft long current at Brightling, in which he is represented as having played a conspicuous part. His eldest son Joseph (1665-1726), who officiated for many years in the English presbyterian congregation at the Old Jewry, London, died on 21 Feb. 1725-6.
[Palmer's Nonconf. Memorial, 2nd ed., iii. 313-15; Admissions to the College of St. John the Evangelist, ed. J. E. B. Mayor, pt. i. 72, xxiii.; Lower's Worthies of Sussex, pp. 345-6; Sussex Archæol. Coll., xviii. 111-13, xxv. 156-7; MS. Addit. 6358, ff. 35, 44; Wilson's Dissenting Churches, ii. 331-8; Calamy's Funeral Sermon, pp. 35-47; Calamy's Historical Account of My Own Life, ed. Rutt, i. 348, ii. 487.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Robert (d.1617)

1904 Errata appended.
​BENNET, ROBERT (d. 1617), bishop of Hereford, was the son of Leonard Bennet of Baldock, Hertfordshire. He was one of Whitgift's pupils at Trinity College, Cambridge, and was admitted minor fellow of that society on 8 Sept. 1567, and major fellow on 7 April 1570. On 15 July 1572, being then three years a B.A., he was incorporated at Oxford. He was chaplain to Lord Burghley. In 1583 he was master of the hospital of St. Cross, Winchester. On 24 Jan. of the following year, the day after the death of Watson, bishop of Winchester, he wrote a letter to the lord treasurer on the state of the diocese, declaring that it was overrun with seminarists and in sore need of jurisdiction, and expressing his hope that a wise successor would be appointed to the late bishop. Meanwhile, he advises that the dean be admonished to keep hospitality (Strype, Whitgift, ii. 261). In 1595 he was appointed Dean of Windsor, and on the Feast of St. George in the following year he was constituted a sworn registrar of the order of the Garter. He was consecrated to the see of Hereford on 20 Feb. 1602-3. He increased and adorned the buildings of the see. His only literary work appears to have been a Latin preface to a translation by William Whitaker, his friend and colleague at Trinity, of Bishop Jewell's 'Defense against Father Harding,' Geneva, 1585, fol. He was, Strype says, a good and learned man. He died on 25 Oct. 1617.
[Cole's Athenæ in Addit. MSS. 5863, f. 23; Wood's Fasti Oxon. i. 191, ed. Bliss; Godwin, De Præsulibus; Strype's Life of Whitgift, Oxford, 1822.]
W. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.22 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, John (d.1686)

​BENNET, JOHN (d. 1686), controversial writer, was born in the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, and was educated at Westminster School. In 1676 he was elected student of Christ Church, Oxford. He took the degree of B.A. in June 1680, and that of M.A. in April 1683. Before graduating as M.A. he published a pamphlet entitled 'Constantius the Apostate. Being a short Account of his Life, and the Sense of the Primitive Christians about Succession. Wherein is shown the Unlawfulness of excluding the next Heir on account of Religion, and the Necessity of passive Obedience, as well to the unlawful Oppressor as legal Persecutor' (London, 1683). This was one of the many replies called forth by the celebrated work of Samuel Johnson (chaplain to Lord William Russell), entitled 'Julian the Apostate.' In Johnson's book the behaviour of the christians towards Julian was used as an argument in favour of the exclusion of the Duke of York (afterwards James II) from the succession on the ground of popery. Bennet in his reply urges that the Arian Constantius afforded a truer parallel than Julian to the case of a popish sovereign of England, and parodying Johnson's method, endeavours to show that Constantius's orthodox subjects recognised the duty of 'passive obedience' to a heretic emperor. The arguments on both sides are now equally obsolete, but it is easy to see that Bennet was no match for his antagonist, either in knowledge of history or in controversial ability. Johnson, however, thought his reasoning worthy of a special refutation. Bennet afterwards studied medicine. He died on 6 Oct. 1686, and was buried in Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), iv. 201; Fasti Oxon. ii. 372, 386.]
H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Thomas (1592-1670)

​BENNET, Sir THOMAS (1592–1670), lawyer, second son of Sir John Bennet [q. v.], grandfather of the first earl of Arlington, was born at York 5 Dec. 1592, and educated at All Souls College, Oxford, where he graduated LL.D. 3 July 1624, was a member of Gray's Inn, admitted to the College of Advocates 28 Jan. 1626, appointed master in Chancery 8 June 1635, and discharged the duties of that office until his death in 1670. He was knighted at Whitehall 21 Aug. 1661. For a time he seems to have acted as judge of one of the prerogative courts. He married (1) Charlotte, daughter of William Harrison, of London, by whom he had two daughters, who died unmarried; (2) Thomasine, daughter and heiress of George Dethick, son of Sir William Dethick, Garter king-of-arms, and had issue by her Thomas Bennet, of Salthorp, in the county of Wiltshire. He had a seat at Baberham, Cambridgeshire. He died 27 June 1670.
[Foster's Collec. Gen. Reg. Gray's Inn, 60; Collins's Peerage (Brydges), Tankerville title; Wotton's Eng. Bar. iv. 276; Cal. State Papers, Dom. (1603–10) 384, (1634–5) 324, (1655) 506; Coote's Sketches of the Lives of Eminent English Civilians, 76.]
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Thomas (1645?-1681)

​BENNET, THOMAS (1645?–1681), grammarian, was born at Windsor about 1645. His parentage is unknown. He was a Westminster scholar (Alumni Westmonast. p. 154), and proceeded thence to Christ Church, Oxford, where he was entered in 1663; took his B.A. in 1666 (Wood, Fasti Oxon. iv. 289); and his M.A. 3 April 1669 (ibid, 307).
​ Afterwards Bennet became corrector of the University Press. Dr. Fell, the dean of Christ Church, nominated Bennet, 29 Dec. 1669, as candidate for the vacant post of architypographer, with which was then joined the superior beadleship of civil law (Wood, Ath. Ox. iii. 883). Bennet, thinking the appointment secure, did not go round to the masters, cap in hand, which was the usual manner of applying for their votes (Wood, ibid.), and one Norton Bold obtained the post. A second attempt on the part of Fell to secure for Bennet the architypographership in October 1671 met with the same ill success. In 1673 Bennet published a grammar in 8vo, entitled 'Many Useful Observations by way of Comment out of Antient and Learned Grammarians on Lilly's Grammar,' Oxford. This work, from its birthplace, became known as the Oxford Grammar, and sometimes, from Fell's patronage, as Dr. Fell's Grammar; and Bennet was styled the Oxford Grammarian. He took orders after his second rebuff, and obtained the livings of Steventon by Abingdon, and Hungerford. At this last place he died in August 1681, and there he was buried.
What Bennet did for (Latin) grammar was to make 'more easie and more compleat . . . the rules of Lilie's "Propria quæ maribus" and "As in praesenti"' (Twells's Grammatica Reformata, preface, xxvi); and Twells, who was a schoolmaster at Newark-upon-Trent, publishing his book in 1683 (unaware apparently of Bennet's death two years before), alluded to him as the Oxford Grammarian, and hoped he would 'speedily apply both his head and hand to 'remedy' the grand inconveniences of the "Quæ genus" and Syntax.'
J. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Robert (1605-1683)

​BENNET, ROBERT (1605–1683), parliamentary colonel, was the eldest son of Richard Bennet, of Hexworthy, in Lawhitton, Cornwall, by Mary, daughter of Oliver Clobery, of Bradstone, Devon. During the civil war he was one of the chief Cornish adherents of the Commonwealth, and governed St. Michael's Mount and St. Mawes castle in its interest. He formed one of the thirteen members appointed as a council of state on 30 April 1653, and represented Cornwall among the 139 persons summoned to attend at Whitehall as a parliament on 4 July 1653; ten days later he became one of thirty-one members forming an interim council of state. In the parliament of 1654 he was elected both for the boroughs of Launceston and Looe; in that of 1659 he sat for the former borough. After the death of Oliver Cromwell he advocated the recognition of Richard as protector, his predilection being for a commonwealth, though he recognised the necessity, in times 'so full of distraction,' of a single person and two houses. After the restoration he retired, without molestation, into private life, and was buried at Lawhitton 7 July 1683, aged 78. Colonel Bennet's charge at the Truro sessions, April 1649, was printed under the title of 'King Charle's (sic) triall justified,' and William Hicks ​dedicated to him his 'Quinto-Monarchiæ cum quarto Ὁμολογία' (1659). Many of his letters occur in the Calendars of the State Papers during the Commonwealth, the Tanner MSS. at the Bodleian Library, and the Additional Manuscripts (12098) at the British Museum. When a wing of the old mansion at Hexworthy was demolished about forty years ago, an iron chest, concealed in a wall, was found to contain the correspondence of Colonel Bennet. The compilers of the 'Parochial History of Cornwall' assert (iv. p. viii) that these letters are not now to be found, but it is probable that they are identical with the three volumes of Colonel Bennet's correspondence included among the manuscripts of the late Sir Thomas Phillipps (Nos. 11015 and 12102).
[Visitation of Cornwall (Harl. Soc. 1874), p.10; Masson's Milton, iv. 498-506; Burton's Diary, iii. 138, 265. 359, iv. 29, 449, 488; Bibliotheca Cornub. i. 20, 238, iii. 1064.]
W. P. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, John (fl.1600)

​BENNET, JOHN (fl. 1600), was one of the best composers of madrigals of the Elizabethan period. Little is known of his biography. In 1599 he printed his first work, 'Madrigalls to Foure Voyces,' which, though termed by the composer 'the indeavours of a yong wit,' already displays the hand of a finished master. This work (which was reprinted in 1845) was dedicated to Ralph Assheton, receiver of the duchy of Lancaster. In 1601 Bennet contributed to Morley's 'Triumphs of Oriana' the beautiful madrigal, 'All creatures now are merry-minded.' In 1614 he published several compositions in Thomas Ravenscroft's 'Briefe Discourse, in the preface to which work he is mentioned as 'Maister John Bennet, a gentleman admirable for all kindes of Composures, either in Art or Ayre, Simple or Mixt, of what Nature soever.' It is probable that he died young, as no later published works of his exist, though in Thomas Myrtell's 'Tristitiæ Remedium' (Add. MSS. 29372-77), compiled in 1616, there is an anthem by him. Other manuscript anthems and madrigals of Bennet's are in the British Museum, Fitzwilliam and Peterhouse (Cambridge), and Christ Church (Oxford) collections.
[Grove's Dictionary, vol. i.; Library Catalogues; Hawkins's History of Music.]
W. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bennet, Robert (d.1687)

​BENNET or BENNETT, ROBERT (d. 1687), was author of ‘A Theological Concordance of the Synonymous Terms in the Holy Scriptures, wherein the many various and different Words and Phrases that concur in Sense and Signification, are exactly referred to their distinct Heads and Common Places, digested in an Alphabetical Order. Very useful for all Students in Divinity and Labourers in the great Work of the Ministery, and for all that desire to search into the hidden Treasures of the Scripture for Increase in Knowledge and Confirmation in the Faith. By R. Bennet, B.D. London, 1657.’ It claims to be, and is, a new Concordance ‘not literal of words barely, but of things.’ Bennet's ‘Theological Concordance’ was in use for many generations. Of his birth, parentage, and early education nothing has been transmitted. He was at the university of Oxford, and is named by Anthony à Wood; but in what college does not appear. In his ‘Concordance’ he describes himself as B.D. He was presented by Lord Wharton to the rectory of Waddesden, Buckinghamshire, in 1648. The living included three separate rectories. One of these had been simultaneously bestowed on a John Ellis, ‘who scrupled to take the title upon him, and only preached every other Lord's day in his turn.’ Bennet discharged all the other duties of baptising, pastoral visitation, preaching, &c., but freely let Ellis enjoy half the profits. From the parish registers it is found that he was married, and that his wife's christian name was Margaret. A son Gervase and daughter Margaret appear among the baptisms.
On the passing of the Act of Uniformity in 1662, Bennet joined the two thousand ejected, while Ellis conformed, and got his majesty's title to all the three benefices. To his honour, however, it must be recorded that he allowed the ejected rector 55l. for life.
After some time spent in retirement in Derbyshire—probably his native county—he settled at Aylesbury, where he preached privately to a small congregation. Thence he removed to Abingdon, Berkshire, where he died 6 April 1687. It may be noted that Lipscomb in his list of the rectors of Waddesden designates him Richard. Probably the mistake originated in the fact that a former rector (in 1383) was a Richard Bennet. His ‘Theological Concordance’ has only R. Bennet, but the parish entry is distinctly Robert, and so Calamy.
[Calamy's Account; Palmer's Nonconf. Mem. i. 308-9; Lipscomb; communicationsfrom Rev. T. J. Williams, M.A., Waddesden, Rev. Stephen Lepine, Abingdon, Mr. Robert Gibbs, historian of Aylesbury.]
A. B. G.
# Crehore v. Ohio M. Railway Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
131 U.S. 240
Crehore v. Ohio M. Railway Company
Lawrence Maxwell, Jr., for the motion.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 241-242 intentionally omitted]
John Mason Brown, contra.
Mr. Justice HARLAN, after stating the facts in the foregoing language, delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cregier v. Coe

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United States Supreme Court
291 U.S. 683
Cregier v. Coe
Mr. Henry E. Stauffer, of Washington, D. C., for petitioner.
The Attorney General and Messrs. J. Crawford Biggs, Sol. Gen., of Washington, D. C., Charles Bunn, Sp. Asst. to Atty. Gen., and T. A. Hostetler, of Washington, D. C., for respondent.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cregier v. Coe/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
291 U.S. 683
Cregier v. Coe
For opinion below, see 67 F.(2d) 692.
Petition for writ of certiorari to the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia denied.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Creek Nation v. United States

United States Supreme Court
302 U.S. 620
Creek Nation v. United States
Argued: Jan. 3, 1938. --- Decided: Jan 17, 1938
Messrs. W. W. Spalding and Paul M. Niebell, both of Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. N. A. Townsend, of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice ROBERTS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Creek Nation v. United States Seminole Nation

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* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
318 U.S. 629
Creek Nation v. United States Seminole Nation
Argued: Jan. 6, 7, 1943. --- Decided: April 5, 1943
See 319 U.S. 780, 63 S.Ct. 1154, 87 L.Ed. --.
Paul M. Niebell, of Washington, D.C., for petitioners.
Mr. Archibald Cox, of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brady, Robert

​BRADY, ROBERT (d. 1700), historian and physician, was born at Denver, Norfolk. He was admitted to Caius College, Cambridge, on 20 Feb. 1643, proceeded B.M. 1653, was created doctor by virtue of the king's letters in September 1660 (Kennet, Register, 251), and on 1 Dec. of the same year was appointed master of his college by royal mandate (Kennet, 870). At an uncertain date (1670 or 1685) he held the office of keeper of the records in the Tower, and took deep interest in studying the documents under his charge. He was admitted fellow of the College of Physicians on 12 Nov. 1680, and was physician in ordinary to Charles II and James II. In this capacity he was one of those who deposed to the birth of the Prince of Wales on 22 Oct. 1688. He was regius professor of physic at Cambridge, and was M.P. for the university in the parliaments of 1681 and 1685. He died 19 Aug. 1700, leaving land and money to Caius College.
He wrote:
* A letter to Dr. Sydenham, dated 30 Dec. 1679, on certain medical questions, which is printed in Sydenham's ' Epistolæ Responsoriæ duæ,' 1680, 8vo.
* 'An Introduction to Old English History comprehended in three several tracts,' 1684, fol.
* 'A Compleat History of England,' 2 vols., 1685, 1700, fol.
* 'An Historical Treatise of Cities and Burghs or Boroughs, showing their original,' &c., 1690; 2nd edit. 1704, fol.
* 'An Inquiry into the remarkable instances of History and Parliamentary Records used by the author (Stillingfleet) of the Unreasonableness of a New Separation,' &c., 1691, 4to.
His historical works are laborious, and are based on original authorities; they are marked by the author's desire to uphold the royal prerogative. In his preface to his 'Treatise on Boroughs' he says that he is able to show that they 'have nothing of the greatness and authority they boast of, but from the bounty of our ancient kings and their successors.'
[Kennet's Register and Chronicle, 251, 870; Biographia Britannica, i. 959; Munk's Coll. of Phys. (1878), i. 418; Ackermann's History of the University of Cambridge, i. 106.]
W. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bragg, Philip

​BRAGG, PHILIP (d. 1760), lieutenant-general, colonel 28th foot, M.P. for Armagh, was at Blenheim a an ensign the 1st foot guards, his commission bearing date 10 March 1702. He appears to have afterward served in the 24th foot, which was much distinguished in all Marlborough's subsequent campaigns under the command of Colonel Gilbert Primrose, who came from the same regiment of guards. The English records of this period contain no reference to Bragg, but in a set of Irish military entry-books, commencing in 1713, which are preserved in the Four Courts, Dublin, his name appears as captain in Primrose's regiment, lately returned from Holland to Ireland; his commission is here dated 1 June 1715, on which day new commissions were issued to all officers in the regiment in consequence of the accession of George I. On 12 June 1732 Bragg was appointed master of the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham, in succession to Major-general Robert Stearne, deceased, and on 16 Dec. following he became lieutenant-colonel of Colonel Robert Hargreave's regiment, afterwards known as the 31st foot. On 10 Oct. 1734 he succeeded Major-general Nicholas Price as colonel of the 28th foot, an appointment which he held for twenty-five years, and which originated the name 'The Old Braggs,' by which that regiment was long popularly known. As a brigadier-general Bragg accompanied Lord Stair to Flanders, where he commanded a brigade. He became a lieutenant-general in 1747, and in 1751 was appointed to the staff in Ireland. He died at Dublin, at an advanced age, on 6 June 1759. leaving the bulk of his small fortune of 7,000l. to Lord George Sackville.
[Hamilton's Hist. Gren. Guards, vol. iii. (London. 1874); Treasury Papars, xciii. List of Recipients of Queen's Bounty for Blenheim; Irish Military Entry Books in Public Record Office, Dublin; Gent. Mag. xii. 108, xiii. 190, xv. 389, xvii. 496. xxi. 477, xxix. 293; De la Warr MSS. in Hist. MSS. Comm. 4th Rep.]
H. M. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brady, John

​BRADY, JOHN (d. 1814), clerk in the victualling office, was the author of 'Clavis Calendaria; or a Compendious Analysis of the Calendar: illustrated with ecclesiastical, historical, and classical anecdotes,' 2 vols., London, 1812, 8vo; 3rd edit., 1815. The compiler also published an abridgment of the work, and some extracts from it appeared in 1826, under the title of 'The Credulity of our Forefathers.' This book, once very popular, has been long since superseded. Brady died at Kennington, Surrey, on 5 Dec. 1814. His son, John Henry Brady, arranged and adapted for publication 'Varieties of Literature; being principally selections from the portfolio of the late John Brady/ London, 1826, 8vo.
[Biog. Dict. of Living Authors, 36, 416; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Cat. of Printed Books in Brit. Mus.]
T. C.