OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Kung Ting-tzŭ

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​KUNG Ting-tzŭ 龔鼎孳 (T. 孝升, H. 芝麓), Jan. 6, 1616–1673, Oct. 21, poet, landscape painter and official under three régimes in Peking during the Ming-Ch'ing transition period, was a native of Ho-fei, Anhwei. After becoming a chin-shih in 1634 at the early age of twenty sui, he served as magistrate of Ch'i-shui, Hupeh, for six or seven years (1635–?) and was then promoted to be a censor in Peking. When Peking fell into the hands of Li Tzŭ-ch'êng [q. v.] for a brief period in 1644, Kung was given the concurrent post of superintendent of police of the north city. Under the Manchus he continued to serve as a censor and in other capacities. In later years he served as president of the Board of Punishments (1664–66), of the Board of War (1666–69), and of the Board of Ceremonies (1669–73). In 1670, and again in 1673, he was chief examiner in the metropolitan examinations. The posthumous title Tuan-i 端毅 was conferred on him, but was revoked by order of Emperor Kao-tsung in 1769.
Kung Ting-tzŭ was well known in his time as a poet, and it is as a poet that he is likely to be remembered by posterity. His name is linked with that of Ch'ien Ch'ien-i and Wu Wei-yeh [qq. v.] as one of the "three master poets of the eastern Yangtze region" (江左三大家). His collected poems, 定山堂集 Ting-shan-t'ang chi, were first printed in 1673, but were included in the list of banned books in the Ch'ien-lung reign-period. However, a fuller edition in 43 chüan with 4 supplementary chüan of poetry in irregular meter (here called shih-yü 詩餘, but usually known as tz'ŭ 詞) was printed with the same title in 1883 by a descendant in the fourteenth generation. This descendant also printed his ancestor's memorials to the throne, 龔端毅公奏疏 Kung Tuan-i kung tsou-su, in 8 chüan with 2 appendices. Kung Ting-tzŭ had a concubine by the name of Ku Mei 顧眉 (湄, 嵋 or 媚, T. 眉[梅]生 or 眉莊 H. 橫波) whose family name was originally Hsü 徐. She was talented in music, poetry, and painting, excelling particularly in the delineation of orchids and bamboo.
For his relations with Adam Schall see under Yang Kuang-hsien [q. v.].
[1/489/17a; 6/44/11a; 19/甲上/14b; Ho-fei-hsien chih (1920 reprint of 1803 ed.) 24/1b; Li Chia-fu 李家孚, Ho-fei shih-hua (詩話, 1928), 上/1a; L.T.C.L.H.M., 465b lists 3 paintings by Ku Mei: 6 others on orchids and bamboo were reproduced by the 有正書局 Yu-chêng shu-chü, Shanghai, as supplement 39 in the series 中國名畫集 Chung-kuo ming-hua chi; Goodrich, L. C., The Literary Inquisition of Ch'ien-lung, p. 220; Yü Huai [q. v.], Pan-ch'iao tsa-chi, chüan 中.]
Tu Lien-chê
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Kên-t'ê-mu

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​KÊN-t'ê-mu. See under Ghantimur.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Kêng Chung-ming

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​KÊNG Chung-ming 耿仲明 (T. 雲臺), d Dec. 30, 1649, a native of Kai-chou, Liaotung, was throughout his life closely associated with K'ung Yu-tê [q. v.]. When their superior, Mao Wên-lung [q. v.], was executed in 1629 they both fled to Têng-chou, Shantung, becoming lieutenant colonels under the governor, Sun Yüan-hua [q. v.]. When K'ung rebelled early in 1632, Kêng, with the aid of conspirators, took ​the city of Têng-chou for him from within, naming himself brigade-general. After a failure at Lai-chou and the consequent collapse of the rebellion he joined the Manchus and received appointment as a brigade-general, sharing with K'ung Yu-tê the command of a body of troops known as T'ien-yu 天佑, "heaven protected." He aided the Manchus in the capture of Lü-shun in 1633 and accompanied the expedition next year to the Ta-t'ung district. In 1636 he was given the title of Prince Huai-shun 懷順王.
Together with K'ung Yu-tê Kêng led Chinese troops in many of the Manchu operations against the Ming and in 1642 was incorporated in the Plain Yellow Banner. He was fined 1,000 taels for concealing captured booty, but continued in 1643 and 1644 as an important leader on the Manchu side. When Peking fell he joined in the westward pursuit of Li Tzŭ-ch'êng [q. v.], after which he took part in the war against the Ming adherents in Kiangnan, returning in 1645 to the capital where he received marks of honor. He spent the next two years fighting the adherents of the Ming Prince of Kuei (see under Chu Yu-lang) in Hunan, returning to fresh honors in 1648. Given the title Prince of the Tranquilized South (Ching-nan wang 靖南王), he set out for Kwangtung, this time in sole charge of an expedition of conquest. After his departure an inquiry was sent to him regarding a report from the Board of Punishments that his subordinates had received and concealed runaway slaves. Kêng found more than three hundred such slaves in his army, sent them back in fetters to Peking and then, without awaiting a decision in the case, committed suicide in Chi-an, Kiangsi, December 30, 1649. In the following year official posthumous honors to him were denied by the regent, Dorgon [q. v.], and his son was prohibited from assuming the title of Prince. These restrictions were removed by Emperor Shih-tsu in 1651, and in 1678 a grandson was allowed to transfer his remains for burial in Kai-chou.
[1/240/6a; 2/78/44b; 4/6/9b; 34 (Yung-chêng edition)/175; 四王合傳 Ssŭ-wang ho-chuan; Haenisch, E., "Biographien," T'oung Pao, vol. 14 (1913), p. 81.]
George A. Kennedy
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Taganrog

See also Taganrog on Wikipedia; Taganrog in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
TAGANROG, a seaport of southern Russia, on the northern shore of the Sea of Azoff, in the government of Ekaterinoslaff, and nearly 200 miles south-east of its chief town. It is built, principally of wood, on a low cape, and, with its extensive store-houses, exchange, and wholesale shops, has the aspect of an important commercial city. It is well provided with educational institutions for children, and has a library and a theatre. The imperial palace, where Alexander I. died in 1825, and the Greek monastery (under the patriarch of Jerusalem) are worthy of notice. The advantageous situation of Taganrog was well known as early as the 13th century, when Pisan merchants founded there a colony, Portus Pisanus, which, however, was destined soon to disappear during the great migrations of the Mongols and Turks. An attempt to obtain possession of the promontory was made by Peter I., but it was not definitely annexed by the Russians until seventy years afterwards (1769). Its commercial importance dates from the second half of the present century; in 1870 its population had risen to 38,000, and after it had been brought into railway connexion with Kharkoff and Voronezh, and thus with the fertile provinces of south and south-east Russia, the increase was still more rapid, the number reaching 63,025 in 1882,—Greeks, Jews, Armenians, and West-Europeans being important elements. Notwithstanding the disadvantages of its open roadstead, the foreign trade of Taganrog rapidly expanded, the annual value of the exports having recently reached £2,500,000. The chief article of export being corn, the trade of the city, depending on the crops in south Russia, is subject to great fluctuations. Linseed and other oil-bearing grains are also important articles of commerce, as well as tallow and butter. The imports, which consist chiefly of fruits (dried and fresh), wine, oil, and coffee, are much smaller than the exports; and of the 989 ships (499,500 tons) that entered the port in 1885 no fewer than 775 (446,500 tons) were in ballast. The coasting trade, chiefly with Rostoff, was .represented in the same year by 1321 vessels (224,000 tons) entering and 1343 vessels clearing.
The roadstead of Taganrog is very shallow, and exposed to winds which cause great variations in the height of the water ; it is, moreover, rapidly silting up. At the quay the depth of water is only 8 to 9 feet, and large ships have to lie 6 to 13 miles from the town.
Taganrog, with the surrounding territory of 137,000 acres, having a population of nearly 30,000, living in a dozen villages, constitutes a separate township, and, though reckoned to the Rostoff district of Ekaterinoslaff, has a separate governor and administration.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Talc

See also Talc on Wikipedia; Talc in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
TALC. See Geology, vol. x. p. 228, and Mineralogy, vol. xvi. p. 414.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Talca

See also Talca and Talca Province on Wikipedia; Talca in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
TALCA, a town of Chili, capital of the province of Talca, is situated on the Claro, a tributary of the Maule, nearly due south of Santiago, with which it is connected by rail. The town has a lyceum and some woollen manufactures (especially of "ponchos"). In 1875 the population numbered 17,496, and in 1885 about 19,000.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tajak

See also Tajiks and Tajikistan on Wikipedia; Tajik in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
TAJAK, Tajik, or Tautsik, a term originally occurring in the Pahlavi writings, and explained to mean, first, the Arabs in general, then their descendants born in Persia and elsewhere out of Arabia, and, lastly, the Persians in general and their descendants born in Turkestán and elsewhere out of Persia. Tajak has thus come to be the collective name of all communities of Iranian stock and Persian speech, wherever found in Central Asia. These are co-extensive with the former eastward and northward limits of the Persian empire; but, since the ascendency of the Tûrki races, they have become the subject element in Turkestán, Afghánistán, Bokhára, Khíva, Kashgaria, while still politically dominant in Badakhshán, Wakhán, Darwáz, Kost, and Karatéghin. In most of these places the Tajaks, with the kindred Galchas, seem to form the bulk of the population, the distinction being that Tajak is applied rather to the settled and more civilized lowlanders of modern Persian speech, Galcha to the ruder highlanders of Ferghána, Kohistán, Wakhán, &c., who speak either archaic forms of Persian or dialects intermediate between the Iranian and Sanskritic (Indian) branches of the Aryan linguistic family. The Tajaks are thus a settled Iranian people, agriculturists in the country, traders and artisans in the towns, and are essentially "Parsiván," that is, men of Persian speech,—this term, however, being more specially applied to those of Afghánistán. But, although mainly of Iranian stock, with light complexion and regular features, the Tajaks claim Arab descent, regarding the district about Baghdád as their primeval home, and considering themselves the descendants of the Arabs who overran Central Asia in the first century of the Flight. At the same time, "it is evident that the inhabitants of the greater part of this region (Central Asia) must from an early period have come in contact with the successive waves of Turkish (Tûrki) and even Mongol population which broke over them; accordingly we find that, although the type is essentially Iranian, it has undergone a certain modification, . . . face, though obviously Persian, is more oblong than that of the Turk, more or less heavy cheeks, thick nose, large mouth, wide forehead, . . . middle height, powerful frame, and broad shoulders, . . . dark hair, but among the Galchas a few fair people are found" (Capt. J. M. Trotter, Bokhára, p. 169). The term Tajak must also he distinguished from Sarte, the latter simply meaning "trader" or "shopkeeper," and being applied indiscriminately to the settled as opposed to the nomad element, and especially to the urban populations, of whatever race, in Central Asia. The Tajaks are known as Tâts on the west side of the Caspian (Baku, Lenkoran, &c.).
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tafilelt

See also Tafilalt on Wikipedia; Tafilált in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
TAFILELT, a large oasis in Morocco (see vol. xvi. p. 832). The principal place is Abuam.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tagus

See also Tagus on Wikipedia; Tagus in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
The narrower part of the Tagus basin lying to the south, the tributaries on the left bank are almost all mere brooks, most of which dry up in summer. The principal exception is the Rio Zatas or Sorraya, which, rising in the Serra d'Ossa, flows westwards across the plateau of Alemtejo, and joins the Mar de Pedro. The principal tributaries on the right bank, besides the Zezere, are the Jarama, descending from the tableland of New Castile a little below Aranjuez, the Alberche and the Tietar, which collect their head waters from opposite sides of the Sierra de Gredos, and the Alagon, from the rough and broken country between the Sierras de Credos and Gata.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Taiwan

See also Taiwan on Wikipedia; Taiwan, Taiwan Island, Tainan, and the Zengwen River on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
TAIWAN. See Formosa.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Taka

See also Kassala on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
TAKA. See Nubia.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Talavera de la Reina

See also Talavera de la Reina on Wikipedia; Talavera de la Reina in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
TALAVERA de la Reina, a town of Spain, in the province of Toledo, is situated on the right bank of the Tagus, and on the railway from Madrid to Caceres, some 40 miles below Toledo and 64 miles south-east from Madrid. It was formerly surrounded by a triple circumvallation, portions of which still remain. It has no buildings of special interest, and its commerce and manufactures are inconsiderable. The population within the municipal limits in 1877 was 10,029.
Talavera is the birthplace (1536) of Mariana the historian. Wellington overcame a superior French force here on July 27–28, 1809.
# Executive Order 13066

more info.
See the Notes section for EOs affected by or related to the issuance of this EO.
Signed by President William J. Clinton Wednesday, October 29, 1997
Federal Register page & date: 62 FR 59273, Friday, October 31, 1997
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to increase the membership of the Commission to Study Capital Budgeting, it is hereby ordered that the second sentence of section 1 of Executive Order 13037 is amended by deleting "11" and inserting "no more than 20" in lieu thereof. It is further ordered that section 3 of Executive Order 13037 is amended by deleting the words "by March 15, 1998, or".

## Notes
### Amends

* Executive Order 13037, March 3, 1997

### Note

* EO 13066 is nullified by virtue of the Commission being abolished by Executive Order 13138, September 30, 1999
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 13071

more info.
Signed by President William J. Clinton Monday, December 29, 1997
Federal Register page & date: 62 FR 68521, Wednesday, December 31, 1997
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the laws cited herein, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Statutory Pay Systems.
    The rates of basic pay or salaries of the statutory pay systems (as defined in 5 U.S.C. 5302(1)), as adjusted under 5 U.S.C. 5303(b), are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:
(a) The General Schedule (5 U.S.C. 5332(a)) at Schedule 1;
(b) The Foreign Service Schedule (22 U.S.C. 3963) at Schedule 2; and
(c) The schedules for the Veterans Health Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs (38 U.S.C. 7306, 7404; section 301(a) of Public Law 102-40) at Schedule 3.
Sec. 2. Senior Executive Service.
    The rates of basic pay for senior executives in the Senior Executive Service, as adjusted under 5 U.S.C. 5382, are set forth on Schedule 4 attached hereto and made a part hereof.
Sec. 3. Executive Salaries.
    The rates of basic pay or salaries for the following offices and positions are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:
(a) The Executive Schedule (5 U.S.C. 5312-5318) at Schedule 5;
(b) The Vice President (3 U.S.C. 104) and the Congress (2 U.S.C. 31) at Schedule 6; and
(c) Justices and judges (28 U.S.C. 5, 44(d), 135, 252, and 461(a)) at Schedule 7.
Sec. 4. Uniformed Services.
    Pursuant to sections 601 and 604 of Public Law 105-85, the rates of monthly basic pay (37 U.S.C. 203(a)) for members of the uniformed services and the rate of monthly cadet or midshipman pay (37 U.S.C. 203(c)) are set forth on Schedule 8 attached hereto and made a part hereof.
Sec. 5. Locality-Based Comparability Payments.
(a) Pursuant to sections 5304 and 5304a of title 5, United States Code, locality-based comparability payments shall be paid in accordance with Schedule 9 attached hereto and made a part hereof.
(b) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall take such actions as may be necessary to implement these payments and to publish appropriate notice of such payments in the Federal Register.
Sec. 6. Effective Dates.
    Schedule 8 is effective on January 1, 1998. The other schedules contained herein are effective on the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after January 1, 1998.
Sec. 7. Prior Order Superseded.
    Executive Order 13033 of December 27, 1996, is superseded.
William J. Clinton The White House, December 29, 1997.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 8:45 a.m., December 30, 1997]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 13065

more info.
Signed by President William J. Clinton Wednesday, October 22, 1997
Federal Register page & date: 62 FR 55329, Friday, October 24, 1997
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to add up to three more members to the Advisory Committee on Public Interest Obligations of Digital Television Broadcasters, it is hereby ordered that the second sentence of section 1 of Executive Order 13038, as amended by section 5 of Executive Order 13062, is further amended by deleting "not more than 22" and inserting "up to 25" in lieu thereof. Further, the words "or Co-Chairs" shall be added after the word "Chair" in the fourth sentence of section 1 of the order.
William J. Clinton The White House, October 22, 1997.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 8:45 a.m., October 23, 1997]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 1307

more info.
Amends Executive Order 1289, January 26, 1911.
Signed by President William H. Taft Tuesday, February 21, 1911
1910 CSR 109
Schedule A, Subdivision V, paragraph 3, of the civil-service rules is hereby amended by the addition at the end thereof of the following words:
    "and the island of Samoa."
As amended the paragraph will read as follows and will except from the requirement of examination
    "All positions in the island of Guam and in the island of Samoa."
The White House,
    February 21, 1911.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 13070

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President William J. Clinton Monday, December 15, 1997
Federal Register page & date: 62 FR 66493, Thursday, December 18, 1997
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to emphasize the role of the Intelligence Oversight Board in providing executive branch oversight, it is hereby ordered that Executive Order 12863 is amended as follows:
Section 1. The text in section 2.1 is deleted and the following text is inserted in lieu thereof: "The Intelligence Oversight Board (IOB) is hereby established as a standing committee of the PFIAB. The IOB shall consist of no more than four members designated by the President from among the membership of the PFIAB. The Chairman of the PFIAB may also serve as the Chairman or a member of the IOB if so designated by the President. The IOB shall utilize such full-time staff and consultants as authorized by the Chairman of the IOB with the concurrence of the Chairman of the PFIAB."
Sec. 2. The first sentence in section 2.3 is deleted and the following sentence is inserted in lieu thereof: "The IOB shall report to the President."
William J. Clinton The White House, December 15, 1997.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 10:29 a.m., December 17, 1997]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 13063

more info.
Signed by President William J. Clinton Tuesday, September 30, 1997
Federal Register page & date: 62 FR 51757, Thursday, October 2, 1997
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 5317 of title 5, United States Code, and in order to remove a position from Level V of the Executive Schedule, it is hereby ordered that section 1-102 of Executive Order 12154, as amended, is further amended by removing the following subsection from section 1-102:
    "(b) Executive Director, Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, Department of Labor"; and relettering subsections (c) through (f) as subsections (b) through (e), respectively.
William J. Clinton The White House, September 30, 1997.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 8:45 a.m., October 1, 1997]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse