OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Warren, Richard Augustus

​WARREN, RICHARD AUGUSTUS (1705?–1775), Jacobite, son of John Warren of Corduff or Courtduffe, co. Dublin, was born about 1705. One of three younger sons, two of whom, William and John, had joined Lally's Franco-Irish regiment in the French service, he started in business as a merchant at Marseilles; but on hearing of the Young Pretender's preparations in 1744 for an expedition to Scotland, he wound up his affairs, and joined his brother's regiment as a volunteer. On 10 Aug. 1745 he was transferred as a captain without pay to Rothes's Franco-Irish infantry. In the middle of October he embarked for Scotland, landed at Stonehaven, joined the prince at Edinburgh, became aide-de-camp to Lord George Murray (1700?–1760) [q. v.], was made a colonel at Brampton on 12 Nov., and took part in the siege of Carlisle. After the prince's retreat from Derby he was sent to raise levies in Athol, and he collected the fishing-boats for the expedition by which Lord Loudoun's force of fifteen hundred men, posted between the Moray and Dornoch firths, was surprised and dispersed. On 18 April 1746 he sailed from Findhorn with despatches from the Marquis d'Éguilles, the French envoy, urging reinforcements. He reached Versailles on the 30th, and received the ​grade of colonel. Commissioned to rescue the prince, he embarked on 31 Aug. at Cape Fréhel, on the frigate Heureux, and after three weeks' search took Charles Edward on board, on 30 Sept., at Lochnanuagh, Inverness-shire, and landed him on 10 Oct. at Roscoff, Brittany. Warren had stipulated for the French title of baron if he succeeded in his task, and James Edward on 9 Nov. made him a baronet, but with a prohibition publicly to assume that rank which was not removed till 1751. He was aide-de-camp to Marshal Saxe till 1748, received the grade of brigadier-general from James Edward in 1750, and the cross of St. Louis from the French government in 1755. He paid a visit to London in 1751. He had a French pension of twelve hundred livres, and in 1754 obtained a captaincy in Rothes's regiment. In 1762 he was made a maréchal-de-camp, was naturalised in 1764, and was appointed commandant of Belleisle, which post he held till his death on 21 June 1775. Unmarried, he left a will in favour of a young man named MacCarthy, but his debts exceeded the assets. His manuscripts are preserved in the Morbihan archives at Vannes.
[Bulletin Société Polymathique du Morbihan, 1892–5; Lallement's Baron de Warren, Vannes, 1893; Revue Rétrospective, 1885; Cottin's Protégé de Bachaumont, 1887; Inventaire des Archives du Morbihan; F. de Warren's Notice sur Famille Warren, Nancy, 1860; Journal de d'Argenson, iv. 320; O'Hart's Irish Pedigrees; Chambers's Hist. of Rebellion.]
J. G. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Warren, Thomas

​WARREN, THOMAS (1617?–1694), nonconformist divine, was born about 1617. He was educated at Cambridge, and graduated M.A. In 1650 he was presented by parliament to the rectory of Houghton, Hampshire, sequestered from Francis Alexander. On 22 Dec. 1660 he was ordained deacon and priest in Scotland by Thomas Sydserff [q. v.]; he was instituted (1 Feb. 1661) to his rectory by Brian Duppa [q. v.], and inducted 7 Feb. He resigned in consequence of the Uniformity Act of 1662. According to his papers, which came into the hands of his grandson, Henry Taylor (1711–1785) [q. v.], he was offered a choice of the bishoprics of Salisbury and Winchester. Under the indulgence of 1672 he took out a license (1 July) as a presbyterian preacher in the house of Thomas Burbank at Romsey, Hampshire. He appears to have had doubts about availing himself of James II's declaration for liberty of conscience in 1687. He continued his labours at Romsey for eighteen years. Latterly he became almost blind. He died at Romsey on 27 Jan. 1693–4, aged 77, and was buried in the parish church. His portrait belongs to the independent congregation at Romsey. Besides several sermons, he published, in reply to William Eyre (d. 1670) of Salisbury, ‘Unbeleevers no Subjects of Justification,’ 1654, 4to.
[Calamy's Account, 1713, pp. 339, 756; Calamy's Continuation, 1727, i. 508; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, 1714, ii. 77; Palmer's Nonconformist's Memorial, 1802, ii. 268; Bogue and Bennett's Hist. of Dissenters, 1833, i. 457.]
A. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Warren, William

​WARREN, WILLIAM (fl. 1581), poet, was author of:
* ‘A pithie and plesaunt discourse, dialoguewyse, betwene a welthie ​citizen and a miserable souldiour; brieflye touching the commodyties and discommodyties of warre and peace. By W. Warren.’ This is licensed to Richard Jones in the ‘Stationers' Register,’ 7 Nov. 1578. No copy is known to exist (Arber, Transcript, ii. 340).
* ‘A pleasant new Fancie of a fondlings device. Intitled and cald the Nurcerie of Names, wherein is presented (to the order of our Alphabet) the brandishing brightnes of our English Gentlewomen. Contrived and written in this last time of vacation, and now first published and committed to printing this present month of mery May. By Guillam de Warrino. Imprinted at London by Richard Jones, dwelling over against the signe of the Faulcon, neere Holburne Bridge,’ 1581, 4to, b.l.
In the ‘Stationers' Register’ the ‘Nurcerie of Gentlewomans Names’ is ‘tollerated unto’ Richard Jones on 15 April 1581 (ib. ii. 391). The prefatory matter of the volume consists of some short Latin poems and a euphuistic ‘Proæme to the Gentleman Readers,’ signed ‘W. Warren, Gent.,’ as well as an ‘Address to the Gentlewomen of England.’ In the latter Warren speaks of himself as ‘your poor Poet and your olde friend.’ The poems, in fourteen-syllable verse, on women's names are extravagant and conceited, but the versification is unusually true. The poem on Elizabeth is an excellent example of the contemporary style of compliment to the queen. Each page of the poems has a woodcut border. Only two copies are known to exist, one at Britwell and the other in the Huth Library. The interest if not the merit of the volume, which Corser very emphatically insists upon, makes it surprising that it has never been reprinted.
[Corser's Collectanea Anglo-Poetica, v. 359; Hazlitt's Handbook, p. 643.]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Warren, Pelham

​WARREN, PELHAM (1778–1835), physician, born in London in 1778, was the ninth son of Richard Warren [q. v.], physician to George III, by his wife Elizabeth, only daughter of Peter Shaw [q. v.] Frederick Warren [q. v.] was his elder brother. He was educated at Dr. Thompson's school at Kensington and at Westminster school, whence he proceeded to Trinity College, Cambridge.
He graduated M.B. in 1800 and M.D. on 2 July 1805. He commenced practice in London immediately after he had taken his first degree in medicine, and on 6 April 1803 was elected physician to St. George's Hospital, an office which he resigned in April 1816. He was admitted a candidate of the College of Physicians on 30 Sept. 1805, and a fellow 30 Sept. 1806. He was censor in 1810, Harveian orator in 1826, and elect 11 Aug. 1829. He was elected fellow of the Royal Society on 8 April 1813. On 24 July 1830 he was gazetted physician extraordinary to the king, but he declined the honour. He enjoyed one of the largest practices in the metropolis, was an accurate and careful observer of disease, and a very sound practical physician. He was an accomplished classical scholar and a strenuous vindicator of the character and independence of the medical profession. His manners were cold and abrupt. He died at Worting House, near Basingstoke, on 2 Dec. 1835. He was buried in Worting church, where there is a tablet with an inscription from the pen of his friend and schoolfellow, Henry Vincent Bayley [q. v.], canon of Westminster.
He married on 3 May 1814, Penelope, daughter of William Davies Shipley [q. v.], ​dean of St. Asaph, who, with seven children, survived him. In 1837 his widow presented his portrait, painted and engraved by John Linnell, to the College of Physicians.
His only published work was: ‘Oratio Harveiana prima in Novis ædibus Collegii habita Sext. Kalend. Jul. an. mdcccxxvi,’ London, 1827, pp. 32, 4to.
W. W. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Warren, Samuel (1769-1839)

​WARREN, Sir SAMUEL (1769–1839), rear-admiral, was born at Sandwich on 9 Jan. 1769, entered the navy in January 1782 on board the Sampson, with his kinsman Captain John Harvey (1740–1794) [q. v.], and in her was present at the relief of Gibraltar and the rencounter with the allied fleet off Cape Spartel [see Howe, Richard, Earl]. In 1793 he was appointed as lieutenant to the Ramillies, with Captain (afterwards Sir Henry) Harvey [q. v.], and in her was present in the battle of 1 June 1794. In 1795 he was in the Royal George, flagship of Lord Bridport, in the action off Lorient on 23 June. On 1 March 1797 he was promoted to command the Scourge sloop on the Leeward Islands station, where he made many rich prizes and captured several privateers. In August 1800 he brought the Scourge home; on 29 April 1802 he was advanced to post rank. In 1805 he commanded the Glory of 98 guns, as flagship to Rear-admiral Charles Stirling [see under Stirling, Sir Walter], in the action off Cape Finisterre, on 22 July [see Calder, Sir Robert]. In 1806–7 he was again with Stirling in the Sampson and in the Diadem during the operations in the Rio de la Plata; in 1809 he commanded the Bellerophon, one of the squadron in the Baltic, with Sir James Saumarez (afterwards Lord de Saumarez) [q. v.] In September 1810 he was appointed to the President, a remarkably fine 44-gun frigate captured from the French in 1806, and in her took part in the operations resulting in the capture of Java [see Stopford, Sir Robert]. On 4 June 1815 he was nominated a C.B. After the peace he successively commanded the Blenheim, the Bulwark, and the Seringapatam, in which last he conveyed the English ambassador to Sweden in the summer of 1823. In January 1830 he was appointed agent for transports at Deptford. On 3 Aug. 1835 he was nominated K.C.H., and was at the same time knighted by the king; on 10 Jan. 1837 he attained the rank of rear-admiral, and was made a K.C.B. on 18 April 1839. He died at Southampton on 15 Oct. of the same year. He married, in 1800, a daughter of Mr. Barton, clerk of the check at Chatham, and had a large family.
[Marshall's Roy. Nav. Biogr. iv. (vol. ii. pt. ii.) p. 570; Gent. Mag. 1840, i. 92.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1904 errata/Volume S3

Dictionary of National Biography
ERRATA IN SUPPLEMENT—VOLUME III
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1904 errata/Volume 9

Dictionary of National Biography
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1904 errata/Volume S1

Dictionary of National Biography
ERRATA IN SUPPLEMENT—VOLUME I
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1904 errata/Volume S2

Dictionary of National Biography
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement

Shortcut: DNB12
    Background: The 1912 Supplement to the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, covers subjects who had died between 1901 and 1911.

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### Biographical Navigation pages

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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Hill, Stephen John

​HILL, Sir STEPHEN JOHN (1809–1891), colonial governor, born on 10 June 1809, was the son of Major William Hill by his wife Sarah. He entered the army in 1823, became lieutenant in 1825, and captain in 1842. In 1849 he commanded an expedition which proceeded eighty miles up the Gambia. On 6 May he stormed and destroyed the fortified town of Bambacoo, and on the following day attacked and partially destroyed the fortified town of Keenung, besides defeating the enemy on the plains of Quenella. He also commanded a detachment of the 2nd and 3rd West India regiments in a successful attack by the British and French naval and land forces under Commodore Fanshawe on the pirates of the island of Basis, Jeba River, West Africa. For this service he received the thanks of the lords of the admiralty and the brevet rank of major. On 1 April 1851 he was appointed governor and commander-in-chief of the Gold Coast. In 1852 a poll-tax was imposed on the natives with the consent of the protected chiefs, to assist in defraying the cost of administration. A local force was raised for the defence of the colony under the designation of the Gold Coast corps. On 6 Nov. 1854 Hill was nominated lieutenant-governor of Sierra Leone. He remained there until 1859, undertaking two successful expeditions up the Great Scarcies River in January 1858 and February 1859. In July 1860 he returned as governor-in-chief, remaining until 21 July 1862, when ill-health compelled him to return to England, leaving his son, Lieutenant-colonel William Hill, as acting governor. His second term of administration was marked by the annexation of British Quiah in April 1861 and British Sherboro in November 1861.
On 9 Feb. 1863 he assumed the office of captain-general and governor-in-chief of the Leeward and Caribbee Islands, where he remained until 1869, when he was removed to Newfoundland. Entering on his duties on 29 Sept. he remained there until 1876, when he retired from active service.
Hill was appointed colonel of the 2nd West India regiment on 21 Nov. 1854. He was nominated C.B. in 1860 and K.C.M.G. in 1874. He died in London at 72 Sutherland Avenue, Maida Vale, on 20 Oct. 1891. He was twice married: first, on 30 Nov. 1829, to Sarah Ann, daughter of William Vesey Munnings, chief justice of the Bahamas; and, secondly, on 3 Aug. 1871, to Louisa Gordon, daughter of John Sheil (d. 6 March 1847), chief justice of Antigua. He left issue by his first wife.
[Times, 27 Oct. 1891; Haydn's Book of Dignities; Ellis's Hist. of the Gold Coast, 1893, pp. 217–20; Sibthorpe's Hist of Sierra Leone, 1881, pp. 67–8, 70–2; Oliver's Hist. of Antigua, 1894–9, vol. i. p. clvi, ii. 100, iii. 319, 321; Prowse's Hist. of Newfoundland, 1895, pp. 496–500.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Hill, Joseph Sidney

​HILL, JOSEPH SIDNEY (1851–1894), missionary bishop, was born at Barnack, near Stamford, Northamptonshire, on 1 Dec. 1801. His father, Henry Hill, died young, and Hill was sent to the Orphan Working School at Haverstock Hill, London. At fourteen he was apprenticed to a trade; but, resolving to be a missionary, he was received into the Church Missionary Society's preparatory institution at Reading in 1872, and into its college at Islington two years later. In 1876 he was ordained deacon by the bishop of London, married, and sailed for the Church Missionary Society's mission at Lagos, West Africa. In the following year he was invalided home, and in 1878 was appointed to the society's New Zealand mission. In 1879 he was admitted to priest's orders by the bishop of Waiapu, New Zealand. He resigned his connection with the Church Missionary Society in 1882, took up evangelistic work in the colony, and was for some time chaplain of the prison at Auckland, New Zealand.
Hill returned to England in 1890, and again volunteered to go out to West Africa ​under the Church Missionary Society. The affairs of the society's mission on the Niger were in a position of some complexity. In the hope of solving the difficulties the archbishop of Canterbury (Benson) sent Hill to the Niger as his commissioner, and as the designated successor of Bishop Samuel Adjai Crowther [q. v.], the society appointing him director of the Niger mission. He discharged a delicate task with skill, and on his return home was consecrated bishop in Western Equatorial Africa on 29 June 1893. He left for West Africa in the November following, fell ill soon after landing at Lagos, and died there on 5 Jan. 1895. His wife, Lucilla Leachman, survived him but a few hours.
[Faulkner's Joseph Sidney Hill; Stock's History of the Church Missionary Society, vol. iii.; Record, 1894, pp. 33, 34.]
A. R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Hinchliff, Thomas Woodbine

​HINCHLIFF, THOMAS WOODBINE (1825–1882), president of the Alpine Club, the eldest son of Chamberlain Hinchliff of Lee, Kent, and his wife, Sarah Parish, sister of Sir Woodbine Parish [q. v.], was born on 5 Dec. 1825 at 25 Park Street, Southwark. Hinchliff, after attending the grammar school at West Ham and the Blackheath proprietary school, went to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated as B.A. in 1849, and M.A. in 1852. In this interval the record in the 'Graduati Cantabrigienses' shows that the spelling of the family name had been changed from Hinchliffe to Hinchliff. He was admitted a student at Lincoln's Inn on 24 April 1849; was called to the bar, and had chambers in Lincoln's Inn, but did not practise.
Hinchliff did much to bring mountain ​climbing into vogue. After spending the summers of 1854, 1855, and 1856 in the Alps, he published a most attractive book, 'Summer Months among the Alps.' Next year he took an active part in the foundation of the Alpine Club, of which he was the first honorary secretary, and president from 1874 to 1877. After 1862, when he lost part of his right hand through a gun accident, he was prevented from undertaking difficult excursions, but he did not abandon the Alps, for he was a lover of their flowers and scenery, and he occasionally undertook more distant journeys, visiting South America more than once, and making a tour of the world. These were described in 'South American Sketches' (1863) and 'Over the Sea and Far Away' (1876), which showed the same freshness and descriptive power as his earlier work. He was also a contributor to the Alpine Club's 'Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers,' the 'Alpine Journal,' and periodical literature. While on his way to the Italian lakes he died, after a few hours' illness, at Aix-les-Bains, on 8 May 1882, and was buried there. A memorial obelisk bearing a bronze medallion (a copy of which is in the rooms of the Alpine Club) was erected by his friends on the flanks of the Gorner Grat, near the Riffelalp hotel.
[Obituary notice, Alpine Journal, xi. 39, 56, 407, 486; information from Mrs. Hinchliff (sister-in-law).]
T. G. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Hincks, Thomas (1818-1899)

​HINCKS, THOMAS (1818–1899), zoologist, born at Exeter on 15 July 1818, was the son of William Hincks (1794-1871), professor of natural history at University College, Toronto, and the grandson of Thomas Dix Hincks [q. v.] Edward Hincks [q. v.] and Sir Francis Hincks [q. v.] were his uncles. He was educated at Manchester New College, York, and graduated B.A. at London University in 1840. After holding various ministerial posts from 1839, he became minister of the Mill Hill Unitarian Chapel at Leeds in 1855, resigning this charge in 1869 on account of the failure of his voice. He afterwards lived at Taunton, and subsequently for many years at Clifton.
From an early age Hincks was a student of zoology. He attended the seventh meeting of the British Association at Liverpool in 1837. He at first devoted himself to the study of hydrozoa, and in 1868 published A History of the British Hydroid Zoophytes' (London, 2 vols. 8vo), which at once became a standard treatise. He then directed almost all his attention to the polyzoa. He paid special regard to the selection of characters by which to discriminate genera and families.
In 1880 he issued his 'History of the British Marine Polyzoa' (London, 2 vols. 8vo), the best general monograph on marine polyzoa in any language. Hincks's monographs were the ripe results of independent and accurate observation ranging over the whole area of the subject treated. Most of his papers appeared in the 'Annals and Magazine of Natural History ' between 1851 and 1893.
Hincks was the friend of George James Allman [q. v. Suppl.], whose work was so closely analogous to his own, of George Busk [q. v. Suppl.], and of Professor Fredrik Adam Smitt, who has published important works on the polyzoa in Swedish. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society on 6 June 1872. He died at Clifton on 25 Jan. 1899. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John Allan of Warrington. His wife and two daughters survived him.
[Nature, 16 Feb. 1899; Yearbook of the Royal Society, 1900. pp. 193-4.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Weldon, Ralph

​WELDON, RALPH (1674–1713), Benedictine monk, of the ancient family of Weldon of Swanscombe, Kent, was the seventeenth child of Colonel George Weldon (youngest son of Sir Anthony Weldon [q. v.]) and of his wife, Lucy Necton. He was born in London on 12 April (N.S.) 1674, and was christened at the Savoy. Being converted to the catholic religion by Father Joseph Johnstone, he made his abjuration at St. James's Chapel on 12 Oct. 1687. He made his profession as a Benedictine monk in the convent of St. Edmund at Paris on 13 Jan. 1691–2. Although a very learned man, he could never be induced to take priest's orders. He died at St. Edmund's on 23 Nov. 1713.
He was the author of ‘A Chronicle of the English Benedictine Monks from the renewing of their Congregation in the days of Queen Mary to the death of King James II’ [London, 1882], 4to. The original manuscript, consisting of two folio volumes of ‘Chronological Notes,’ is preserved at Ampleforth, and there is an abridgment of it at St. Gregory's, Downside.
T. C.