OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hastings, George (1488?-1545)

​HASTINGS, GEORGE, first Earl of Huntingdon and third Baron Hastings of Hastings (1488?–1545), son of Edward, second baron Hastings (1466–1507), by Mary, granddaughter of Thomas, third baron Hungerford, was born about 1488. William Hastings, lord Hastings [q. v.], who was executed in 1483, was his grandfather. He was made a knight of the Bath on 17 Nov. 1501, and succeeded his father as third baron Hastings on 8 Nov. 1508, being summoned to parliament in the following year. He was constantly at court, and took part in all the great ceremonies of state. The king appears to have frequently advanced him money. When an entry was made into France in 1513, Hastings was a member of the vanguard retinue; he was present at the Field of the Cloth of Gold; he also was in attendance when Charles V visited England in 1522; and his name appears as a witness to the treaty of Windsor of that year. He joined Suffolk's expedition into France in 1523.
Throughout his life he seems to have been a favourite of the king, although early in the reign he had to appear before the Star-chamber for keeping too many liveried retainers. The king's favour procured him many profitable appointments; he was steward of various manors and monasteries, and a captain of archers in the royal service. In 1529 he was created earl of Huntingdon with an annuity allowed him of 20l. a year; he had long been a privy councillor; and his name was attached to the petition from the English nobles and lawyers to Clement VII praying that the divorce might be quickly settled. An account of Hastings's revenue from land has been preserved for 1532, and it appears to have been just under a thousand pounds. In 1533 he secured a long lease of land from Waltham Abbey, so that he must have been wealthy, in spite of his continual indebtedness to the king. He was present at the coronation of Anne Boleyn; at her trial; and at the trials of Lord Dacre and Sir Thomas More. Hastings was one of the leaders of the king's forces against the rebels in the Pilgrimage of Grace, and gave early information as to the outbreak. He was then living at Ashby-de-la-Zouch. He died at his seat at Stoke Poges in Buckinghamshire, and was buried in the chancel of the church there. He had married, about December 1509 (Letters and Papers of Hen. VIII, ii. 1444), ​Anne, daughter of Henry Stafford, second duke of Buckingham, widow of Sir Walter Herbert, knight, and by her had five sons; the eldest son, Francis, second earl, and the third son, Edward (d. 1573), are separately noticed. A daughter, Dorothy, married in 1536 Richard Devereux, son of Lord Ferrers.
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hastings, Charles

​HASTINGS, Sir CHARLES (1794–1866), founder of the British Medical Association, sixth son of James Hastings, rector of Martley, Worcestershire, was born at Ludlow on 11 Jan. 1794; studied under two surgeons at Stourport, and at the age of eighteen, without a legal qualification, and after only a few months' study in London, was elected house-surgeon to the Worcester county infirmary. He made numerous experiments on the nervous system under the direction of Dr. Wilson Philip, one of the physicians to the infirmary. In 1815 he entered at Edinburgh University, and continued to work at experimental physiology and microscopy, being the only student at that time who used the microscope in medical research. He graduated M.D. in 1818, and was at once appointed physician to the Worcester infirmary, and for many years was the leading practitioner in Worcestershire. With the view of raising the tone of provincial medical practice, he founded in 1828 the ‘Midland Medical and Surgical Reporter,’ to which he contributed largely during its four years' existence. In 1832 it was abandoned in favour of a project for forming a provincial medical association for the advancement of medical science and the medical profession. A meeting of medical men was held at the Worcester infirmary on 19 July 1832, when the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association was formed, and Hastings delivered an inaugural address. For many years Hastings was the secretary and leading spirit of the association, skilfully guiding it through stormy waters. In 1840 the ‘Provincial Medical and Surgical Journal’ was established, and in 1843 it was adopted as the organ of the association. In 1856 the title ‘British’ was substituted for ‘Provincial,’ owing to the growth of the association, and Hastings was appointed permanent president of the council and treasurer. He was knighted in 1850. He was ​deeply interested in sanitary questions, and was president of the public health section of the Social Science Association at the York meeting. He wrote on the geology and natural history of Worcestershire, especially of the Malvern Hills, and largely developed the Worcester Museum. He died on 30 July 1866.
Hastings married in 1825 the eldest daughter of George Woodyatt, M.D., of Worcester, by whom he left an only son, G. W. Hastings, M.P. for East Worcestershire since 1880, and two daughters. On 9 Aug. 1882 a marble bust of Hastings, by Brock, was presented to the city of Worcester, and placed in the public library. A Hastings medal and prize are annually awarded in honour of his memory by the British Medical Association.
Hastings wrote:
* ‘A Treatise on Inflammation of the Mucous Membrane of the Lungs; to which is prefixed an Experimental Inquiry respecting the Contractile Power of the Blood Vessels and the Nature of Inflammation,’ 1820.
* ‘Illustrations of the Natural History of Worcestershire,’ 1834, besides many memoirs in medical journals and addresses on various occasions.
[Lancet, 1851 ii. 185–8 (with a portrait), 1866 ii. 139; British Medical Journal, 1866 ii. 128, 1882 ii. 323.]
G. T. B.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOUGLAS, John Charles Edward

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​ DOUGLAS, John Charles Edward (SHANGHAI), B.A.; Merton Oxford, Honours Jurisprudence, 1899; Barrister-at-law. Called to the Bar at Grey's Inn, June 27, 1900; served in the Mines Department of the British South Africa Company in Rhodesia, from Feb. to Sept., 1901; appointed Registrar of the Supreme Court for China and Corea, and also Chief Clerk, Aug. 31, 1901; acting Assistant Judge at Shanghai from April 3, 1904 to July, 1905; is also Sheriff and Coronsr. Address: Shanghai, China.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOWNING, T. C.

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​ DOWNING, T. C. (HONGKONG), Accountant, Chartered Bank of Indi i, Australia and China. Club: Hongkong. Address: Queen's Road, Hongkong.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DREWELL, Albert Augustus Samuel

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​ DREWELL, Albert Augustus Samuel (KOBE), Broker and Commission ​Agent; b. May 19, 1857; m. Josephine Bose-Reymond, widow of late X. C. X. Mancini. Educ.: London. Clubs: Kobe; Shanghai; Nippon Race; Kobe B. and A.; Kobe Cricket; Kobe Golf. Address: Kobe, Japan.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOUGLAS, Francis William

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​DOUGLAS, Francis William (KINTA), Secretary of the Sanitary Board; b. Dec. 31, 1874. Joined service at Perak, 1895; acting assistant District Magistrate, Tanjong Malim, 1896; acting District Office-r, Kuantan, 1897; acting District Officer, Temerloh, 1898; acting Superintendent, Ulu Pahang, 1898; assistant District Magistrate, Tanjong Malim, 1899; acting Forest Officer, Perak, 1900; acting assistant Secretary to Resident, 1902; assistant District Officer, Tanjong Malim, 1903; acting chief assistant District Officer, Batti Gajah, 1903; assistant District Officer, Ipoh, and acting assistant District Officer, Larut, 1904; appointed Deputy Chairman and Secretary of Sanitary Board, Kinta, 1905. Address: Kinta, Perak, Federated Malay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOUGLAS, James

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​ DOUGLAS, James (HONGKONG), A.I.N.A.; Marine Surveyor; partner in firm of Goddard and Douglas; b., 1864. Educ.: George Watson's College, Edinburgh. Went to sea, 1880; came to Hongkong, 18S5; joined Douglas Steamship Co.; promoted to commander 1895; retired from sea, 1930. Club: Hongkong; member jockey, cricket, golf clubs, etc. Address: Barker Road, Hongkong.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOWDEN, Dr. Richard

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​ DOWDEN, Dr. Richard (TAPAH), M.D., M.B., B.Ch., B.A., etc.; Physician and Surgeon; b. Sept. 28, 1873. Educ.: Dublin Univ., and Vienna. Surgical and Medical Resident, Sir P. Dun's Hospital, Dublin; studied in Vienna. Medical Officer and Pathologist, Banshead, London Country Council Service; Medical Officer, Jamaica Civil Service, 1900; transferred to Federated Malay States on promotion, 1903. Clu b.-New, Taiping. Ail'lrexx: Tapah, Perak F3d3rated M ilay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOSSOGNE. Leon

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​DOSSOGNE, Leon (BANGKOK), Minister Resident and Consul General for Belgium. Address: Belgian Consulate, Bangkok, Siam.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOUGLAS, R. Stair

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​ DOUGLAS, R. Stair (BAKAM), Cadet, Sarawak Civil Service, 1896; assistant Resident, 1833; Resident, 2nd class, 1932; 2nd class Resident, Baram, 1934. Address: Baram, Sarawak, North Borneo.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOUGLAS, William Willes

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​ DOUGLAS, William Willes (TAIPIXG), F.M.S. Civil Service; b. Aug. 17, 1860. Inspector Perak Armed Police, 1878; Superintendent of Police and Prisons, Negri Sembilan, Oct., 1881; Officer in Charge, Sungei Ujong, April-May, 1885; Superintendent of Police and Prisons, May, 1886; Collector and Magistrate, Port Dickson, Oct., 1831; Officer in Charge, Sungei Ujong, May-June, 1893; District Officer, Klang, Dec., 1895; Deputy Commissioner of Police, Perak, Feb., 1897; acting Commissioner of Police, Federated Malay States, July, 1897; Deputy Commissioner of Police, Taiping, 1906. Address: Taiping, Perak, Federated Malay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/DOWDALL, William Macdonnell Mitchell

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​ DOWDALL, William Macdonnell Mitchell (SHANGHAI), F.R.I.B.A., A.M.I.C.E.; Architect, Civil and Military Engineer. Consulting Inspector General of Fortifications, China Coast; Engineer Staff Officer, Shanghai Volunteers. Decoration: China Medal, 1930. Clubs: Shanghai; R.U.S.I., London. Address: Shanghai, China.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, Archibald (d.1593)

​HAMILTON, ARCHIBALD, D.D. (d. 1593), catholic controversialist, was a native of one of the islands off the coast of Scotland. Dempster states that he was educated in France, and became a professor in the university of Paris, a doctor of the Sorbonne, and by presentation of Mary Queen of Scots a canon of St. Quentin. According, however, to his antagonist, Thomas Smeton, he was brought up in the protestant faith, and received his education in the university of St. Andrews, where for five years he disputed against the authority of the pope. After his conversion to catholicism he engaged in a public disputation with John Knox. In consequence of the civil wars in France he retired to Rome, where his learning secured for him the friendship of many illustrious men, and employment as one of the librarians at the Vatican. He died there in 1593 in the apartments which had been assigned to him by Gregory XIII.
He wrote: 1. ‘De Confusione Calvinianæ Sectæ apud Scotos Ecclesiæ nomen ridicule usurpantis Dialogus,’ Paris, 1577, 8vo, dedicated to Mary Queen of Scots. Thomas Smeton published a Latin reply to this work in 1579. 2. ‘Calvinianæ Confusionis demonstratio, contra maledicam Ministrorum Scotiæ responsionem, in duos divisa libros. Quorum prior: proprietatum veræ Ecclesiæ evictionem: posterior, earundem in hypothesi ad res subjectas applicatarum, contentionem continet,’ Paris, 1581, 8vo. 3. ‘De Philosophia Aristotelica.’ In five books.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, Charles (1691-1754)

​HAMILTON, CHARLES (1691–1754), historian, was natural son of James Douglas (1658–1712) [q. v.], earl of Arran, afterwards fourth duke of Hamilton, by Lady Barbara Fitzroy, natural daughter of Charles II and the Duchess of Cleveland. He was born at Cleveland House on 30 March 1691, while his father, Arran, was a prisoner in the Tower. Queen Mary and his father's father, William Douglas [q. v.], third duke of Hamilton, were incensed at the discovery of the intrigue, and they made it a condition of Arran's release that Lady Barbara should retire abroad. She soon died in the nunnery at Pontoise. Hamilton was brought up at Chiswick by his maternal grandmother, the Duchess of Cleveland, and was, on his father's marriage, sent by him to France, and put under the care of the Earl of Middleton, secretary to James II. He was styled count of Arran, and used his opportunity to collect historical material. He accompanied his father in his famous duel with Lord Mohun in November 1707, and himself fought with and disarmed General Macartney, whom he accused of treacherously stabbing the duke. Hamilton was for a time committed to Newgate. General Macartney, who had been obliged to flee to the continent, was again challenged by Hamilton, then at Antwerp, but refused to fight.
Hamilton finally settled in Switzerland, where he occupied himself with classical studies. In 1737 he married Antoinette Courtney of Archambaud. He died at Paris on 13 Aug. 1754, and was buried at Montmartre. He is usually credited with the authorship of 'Transactions during the Reign of Queen Anne, from the Union to the Death of that Princess,' published at Edinburgh, 1790; but, as appears from the preface, the book was written by his son and only child Charles, who was born at Edinburgh 16 July 1738, and died at Edinburgh 9 April 1800, from materials bequeathed to him by the father. Anderson in his 'Scottish Nation' confuses him with his namesake Charles Hamilton (1753?–1792) [q. v.] The son is perhaps the Charles Hamilton who in 1784 published 'The Patriot; a Tragedy from the Italian of Metastasio' (Baker, Bioq. Dram. i. 309).
[Preface to Transactions; Hist. MSS. Comm. llth Rep. App. pt. v. pp. 311-14; John Anderson's Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton, Edinb. 1825; Anderson's Scottish Nation, ii. 421.]
F. W.-T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, Charles (1697-1733)

​HAMILTON, CHARLES, (by courtesy) Lord Binning (1697–1733), poet, born in 1697, was eldest son of Thomas Hamilton, sixth earl of Haddington [q. v.], by his wife Helen, only daughter of John Hope of Hopetoun. He was carefully educated. In 1715 he joined his father in suppressing the Jacobite rising, and fought gallantly at Sheriffmuir (13 Nov.) He was elected M.P. for St. Germains, Cornwall, in 1722, and was afterwards knight marischal of Scotland, and a commissioner of trade. Signs of consumption making their appearance, Binning went to Naples. He died there on 13 Jan. 1732-3, in his father's lifetime. By his wife Rachel, youngest daughter of George Baillie of Jerviswood, he had five sons and three daughters. His eldest son Thomas succeeded his grandfather in 1735 as seventh earl of Haddington.
A popular pastoral poem by Binning, entitled 'Ungrateful Nanny,' first appeared in the 'Gentleman's Magazine' for 1741, and was republished by Ritson in his 'Scottish Songs,' 1794. Another poem, 'The Duke of ​Argyle's Levee,' which appeared in the same periodical for 1740, although often assigned to Binning, was from the pen of Joseph Mitchell [q. v.] (cf. Lord Hailes in Edinburgh Mag., April 1786). Binning is the subject of a fine elegy by William Hamilton of Bangour (1704–1754) [q. v.] An admirable portrait, engraved by A. V. Haecken after a painting by J. Richardson, dated 1722, is in Walpole's 'Royal and Noble Authors.'
[Walpole's Royal and Noble Authors, ed. Park, v. 142 sq.; Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. Wood, i. 683-4; Anderson's Scottish Nation, ii. 442; Ritson's Scottish Songs.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, Charles (1753?-1792)

​HAMILTON, CHARLES (1753?–1792), orientalist, born in Belfast about 1753, was the only son of Charles Hamilton (d. 1759), merchant, by Miss Katherine Mackay (d. 1767). After spending two years in the office of a Dublin merchant he obtained a cadetship on the East India Company's establishment at Bengal, and proceeded to India in 1776. He gained his first commission on 24 Oct. of that year, and was promoted lieutenant on 10 July 1778 (Dodwell and Miles, Indian Army List, pp. 126-7). He studied oriental languages, and became one of the first members of the Asiatic Society of Calcutta. While engaged in the expedition against the Rohillas he collected the materials for his excellent 'Historical Relation of the Origin, Progress, and Final Dissolution of the Government of the Rohilla Afgans in the Northern Provinces of Hindostan,' 1787, compiled from a Persian manuscript and other original papers. In 1786 he obtained permission to return home for five years in order to translate from the Persian the 'Hedaya, or Guide,' a commentary on the Mussulman laws; he was selected for the task by the governor-general and council of Bengal. The work having been published in four quarto volumes in 1791, Hamilton was appointed resident at the court of the grand vizier at Oudh, and prepared to leave England. Symptoms of consumption, however, appeared, and he was recommended to take a voyage to Lisbon, but he died at Hampstead on 14 March 1792, aged 39, and was buried in Bunhill Fields. A monument to his memory was afterwards erected at Belfast by his sisters, one of whom was the well-known writer, Elizabeth Hamilton (1758–1816) [q. v.] A second edition of the 'Hedaya' by Standish Grove Grady, was published in 1870.
[Benger's Memoirs of Mrs. Elizabeth Hamilton, vol. i.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, Charles (1767-1849)

​HAMILTON, Sir CHARLES (1767–1849), admiral, born 6 July 1767, was eldest son of Sir John Hamilton. His father was a grandson of Sir William Hamilton of Chelston, brother of James Hamilton, sixth earl of Abercorn [q. v.]; he was a captain in the royal navy, was created a baronet in 1776 for his ​gallant conduct during the siege of Quebec in the previous year, and died 24 Jan. 1784; by his wife Cassandra Agnes, daughter of Edward Chamberlayne of Maugersbury, Gloucestershire, he had two sons, Charles and Edward [q. v.] In 1776 Charles Hamilton was entered on the books of the Hector, then commanded by his father, and in the following year was nominated to the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth, from which in 1779 he was again appointed to the Hector. In her he went out to the Jamaica station; and on 20 Oct. 1781 was made lieutenant into the Tobago sloop. On the death of his father, 24 Jan. 1784, he succeeded to the baronetcy. In 1789 he was promoted to be commander of the Scorpion, and was advanced to post rank 22 Nov. 1790. Early in 1793 he was appointed to the Dido frigate, which, after a summer in the North Sea and on the coast of Norway, was sent out to the Mediterranean, where, in the following spring, Hamilton served at the sieges of Bastia, Calvi, San Fiorenzo, and in the reduction of a martello tower at Girolata. In July he was moved into the San Fiorenzo, one of the captured frigates, and shortly after into the Romney, in which he returned to England. He then commissioned the Melpomene, which he commanded for upwards of seven years, in the operations on the coast of Holland in 1799 [see Mitchell, Sir Andrew], as senior officer on the coast of Africa, and at the reduction of Goree in 1800: and in the West Indies, where he also carried out the duties of commissioner at Antigua till July 1802. In 1801 he was returned to parliament as member for Dungannon, and in 1807 for Honiton, which he continued to represent till 1812, although at the time serving actively afloat. In November 1803 he was appointed to the Illustrious of 74 guns, in the Channel fleet, and afterwards to the Téméraire and Tonnant. On 1 Aug. 1810 he was promoted to be rear-admiral, and hoisted his flag on board the Thisbe frigate, as commander-in-chief in the Thames, a post which he held till his promotion to be vice-admiral 4 June 1814. From 1818 to 1824 he was governor and commander-in-chief at Newfoundland; attained the rank of admiral 22 July 1830, was nominated a K.C.B. 29 Jan. 1833, and died at his residence, Iping, near Midhurst in Sussex, on 14 Sept. 1849. He married in 1803 Henrietta Martha, daughter of Mr. George Drummond, and left issue a son, who succeeded to the baronetcy.
[Marshall's Roy. Nav. Biog. i. 411; O'Byrne's Nav. Biog. Dict.; Gent. Mag. 1784 pt. i. 150, 1850 pt. i. 315; Burke's Peerage and Baronetage.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, David (1768-1843)

​HAMILTON, DAVID (1768–1843), architect, born in Glasgow 11 May 1768, was during the early part of the century the designer of most of the principal buildings in the west of Scotland. In Glasgow he was architect of the theatre (1804), the Western Clubhouse, several of the leading banks and churches built during that period, and the Royal Exchange (1837–40). Hamilton's greatest work was the palace built for the Duke of Hamilton in Lanarkshire, remarkable no less for its extent than for its dignity and graceful proportion, its façade, and its magnificent portico. Other successful undertakings of his were Toward Castle, Lennox ​Castle—which some critics have pronounced the most finished of his architectural efforts—and Dunlop House, a beautiful specimen of what is termed ‘the Scottish manorial style.’ He obtained the 500l. prize from the government for his design of the new houses of parliament when that of Sir Charles Barry was preferred. Hamilton's contemporaries speak of his ‘singular amiability and modesty’ and ‘the vivacity of his conversation,’ as well as of his love of art and his educated classical taste. He died, after an attack of paralysis, at Glasgow, 5 Dec. 1843.
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hamilton, David (1663-1721)

​HAMILTON, Sir DAVID (1663–1721), physician, a native of Scotland, entered as a medical student at Leyden on 30 Oct. 1683, and graduated M.D. of the university of Rheims (incorrectly stated ‘Paris’ by Munk) in 1686. He was admitted a licentiate of the London College of Physicians in 1688, and fellow in 1703. Elected F.R.S. in 1708, he became a leading practitioner in midwifery, and was successively physician to Queen Anne, who knighted him, and to Caroline, princess of Wales. He is said to have acquired a fortune of 80,000l., which he lost in the South Sea scheme. He died on 28 Aug. 1721. He wrote: 1. ‘An inaugural Dissertation for M.D. “De Passione Hysterica,”’ Paris, 4to, 1686. 2. ‘The Private Christian's Witness for Christianity, in opposition to the National and Erroneous Apprehensions of the Arminian, Socinian, and Deist of the Age,’ London, 8vo, 1697. 3. ‘The Inward Testimony of the Spirit of Christ to his outward Revelation,’ London, 1701, 8vo. Both these were anonymously published (see Darling, Cyclop. Bibl.) 4. ‘Tractatus Duplex: prior de Praxeos Regulis, alter de Febre Miliari,’ London, 1710, 8vo; Ulm, 1711; English translation, London, 1737.
G. T. B.
# Who's Who in the Far East/JOHNSON, Alexander

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​ JOHNSON, Alexander (SANDAKAN), Superintendent, Public Works Department of British North Borneo Company. Was elected a Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute, 1906. Address: Sandakan, British North Borneo
# Who's Who in the Far East/JOHNSON, Henry

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​ JOHNSON, Henry (SIBU ), Resident. Cadet, Sarawak, 1897; Assistant Resident, 1901; 2nd class Resident in Charge of Upper Rejang, 1903; Resident, Sibu, 1905. Address: Sibu, Sarawak, North Borneo.