OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Himly, Auguste

See also Auguste Himly on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​HIMLY (LOUIS), AUGUSTE (1823–1906), French historian and geographer, was born at Strassburg on the 28th of March 1823. After studying in his native town and taking the university course in Berlin (1842–1843) he went to Paris, and passed first in the examination for fellowship (agrégation) of the lycées (1845), first in the examinations on leaving the École des Chartes, and first in the examination for fellowship of the faculties (1849). In 1849 he took the degree of doctor of letters with two theses, one of which, Wala et Louis le Débonnaire (published in Paris in 1849), placed him in the front rank of French scholars in the province of Carolingian history. Soon, however, he turned his attention to the study of geography. In 1858 he obtained an appointment as teacher of geography at the Sorbonne, and henceforth devoted himself to that subject. It was not till 1876 that he published, in two volumes, his remarkable Histoire de la formation territoriale des états de l’Europe centrale, in which he showed with a firm, but sometimes slightly heavy touch, the reciprocal influence exerted by geography and history. While the work gives evidence throughout of wide and well-directed research, he preferred to write it in the form of a student’s manual; but it was a manual so original that it gained him admission to the Institute in 1881. In that year he was appointed dean of the faculty of letters, and for ten years he directed the intellectual life of that great educational centre during its development into a great scientific body. He died at Sèvres on the 6th of October 1906.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Hincks, Edward

See also Edward Hincks on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​HINCKS, EDWARD (1792–1866), British assyriologist, was born at Cork, Ireland, and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He took orders in the Protestant Church of Ireland, and was rector of Killyleagh, Down, from 1825 till his death on the 3rd of December 1866. Hincks devoted his spare time to the study of hieroglyphics, and to the deciphering of the cuneiform script (see Cuneiform), in which he was a pioneer, working out contemporaneously with Sir H. Rawlinson, and independently of him, the ancient Persian vowel system. He published a number of original and scholarly papers on assyriological questions of the highest value, chiefly in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Li Shuai-t'ai

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​LI Shuai-t'ai 李率泰 (T. 壽疇, 叔達), d. 1666, Feb., native of T'ieh-ling, Liaotung, a member of the Chinese Plain Blue Banner, was the second son of Li Yung-fang [q. v.]. His personal name was originally Yen-ling 延齡 but at the age of twelve (sui) he was presented at the court of Nurhaci [q. v.] who conferred on him the name Shuai-t'ai. When he was sixteen (sui) he married the daughter of an imperial agnate. He accompanied Abahai [q. v.] in the campaigns against Chahar, Korea, and Chin-chou; and in 1644 followed Dorgon [q. v.] to Peking. He was active in the establishment of the Manchus in China, and took part in the fighting in the provinces of Chihli, Shantung and Honan (1644); Shensi and Kiangnan (1645); Chekiang (1646); Fukien (1646–48); and Shansi (1649). In May 1651 he was made a Grand Secretary but was discharged in August for trying to conceal a mistake in an edict. In addition to being fined, his hereditary rank was on this occasion lowered from a baron to that of Ch'i-tu-yü. However, early in 1653 he was, by special order, made a third class baron and later in the same year, on the recommendation of Hung Ch'êng-ch'ou [q. v.], he was appointed governor-general of Kwangtung and Kwangsi where he fought against the Ch'ing general, Li Ting-kuo [q. v.]. He received the title of Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent and in 1656 was transferred to the post of governor-general of Fukien and Chekiang. Here he carried on vigorous campaigns against the Chêng Ch'êng-kung [q. v.] faction, especially promoting the building of a navy adequate for ​coastal defense. It was because of his fear that Chêng Chih-lung [q. v.] would rejoin the Fukien rebels that the latter was not exiled to Ninguta.
In 1657 Li was raised to a baron of the first class. When the jurisdiction of Chekiang and Fukien was divided in 1658, he continued as governor-general of Fukien. The next year he was recommended to be discharged for losing territory to the insurgents, but the emperor commuted his punishment to a fine of one year's salary and continued him in office. At the same time his hereditary rank was taken from him. In the ensuing years he recovered most of Fukien, including the islands of Chushan, Amoy, and Chin-mên (Quemoy) and in 1664 forced Chêng Ching [q. v.] to withdraw to Taiwan. Although the glory of the final spectacular victory against the Chêng insurgents went to Shih Lang [q. v.], much credit is due Li Shuai-t'ai for preparing the ground for their extermination. After repeated requests to be retired on account of illness, he died in office and was given the posthumous rank of president of the Board of War and the name of Chung-hsiang 忠襄. In 1667 he was posthumously given the hereditary rank of a baron of the first class.
[1/279/1a; 2/5/26a; 3/1/25a; 4/5/5b; 7/4/3a; 9/1/12a; 11/3/51b; Shêng-ching (盛京) t'ung-chih (1736) 34/14b; T'ieh-ling-hsien chih (1915) 4/346b; 34/206/7a; Tung-hua lu, Shun-chih 8:3.]
Earl Swisher
# Executive Order 2745

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Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Thursday, November 1, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 157, p. 3, November 12, 1917
Mrs. Virginia M. Spinks, of California, may be appointed to a position in the employment service of the Department of Labor, with out reference to the civil-service rules.
This order Is issued upon the recommendation of the Acting Secretary of Labor, who states that Mrs. Spinks has been employed temporarily in the United States employment service, and is now acting superintendent of the women and girls' division for the northern district of California; that she is qualified by education and experience for the work now committed to her.
The White House,
    November 1, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2746

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Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Friday, November 2, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 157, p. 3, November 12, 1917
Mr. William P. Henshaw may be appointed as clerk in the Panama Canal service and may be transferred to a classified position in the United States without reference to the civil-service rules.
This order Is Issued on the recommendation of both the Secretary of War and the Governor of the Panama Canal. It appears that Mr. Henshaw was first appointed as clerk in the Panama Canal service on October 16, 1905, without examination in the absence of eligibles, with the approval of the United States Civil Service Commission. He has served continuously since then, with the exception of one year's absence from the Isthmus, in the responsible capacities of accountant, receiving teller, bookkeeper, and pay clerk, rendering excellent service and showing a thorough knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping as applied to Government work.
Mr. Henshaw has been unable to attain a classified status in the usual manner by entering a competitive civil-service examination on the Isthmus, on account of being beyond the maximum age limit required for entrance to such examinations.
The White House,
    November 2, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2756

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Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Thursday, November 22, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 179, p. 4, December 8, 1917
Upon the recommendation of the Secretary of the Interior, concurred in by the Civil Service Commission, one private secretary at $1,200 per annum to each State explosives inspector employed under the administration of explosives inspection, act of Congress approved October 6, 1917, may be appointed without examination.
The White House,
    November 22, 1917.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Revoked by

* Executive Order 3461, May 16, 1921
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2747

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Friday, November 2, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 157, p. 3, November 12, 1917
It is hereby ordered, under authority contained in the act of February 8, 1887 (24 Stat. L., 388-389), that the trust period on the allotments of the Prairie Band of Pottawatomi Indians in Kansas, which trust period expires during the calendar year 1917, be, and Is hereby, extended for a period of 10 years, with the exception of the following: 27, Benjamin Preston; 28. Maggie Darling; 30, Annie Lise Darling; 32, Louisa Darling; 35 Martha Zhor (now James); 55, Wash-ke-show (Anna Hale); 56, Pah-kish-ko-quah (Mary Hale); 109, Frank A. Bourbonny; 111, Lucy Bourbonny; 112, Oshie Bourbonny; 113, Alfred Bourbonny.
The White House,
    November 2, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2757

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Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Thursday, November 22, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 176, p. 2, December 5, 1917
It is hereby ordered that the three tracts of land in Alaska, hereinafter described, be and the same are hereby, withdrawn from disposal, and reserved, subject to any valid adverse rights which may exist by prior inception, for the use of the United States Bureau of Education and of natives of Alaska of indigenous race, under care of said bureau.
Descriptions.
Akiak Reserve.—Beginning at a post about 6 feet long set in the ground 2 feet, 200 feet in an easterly direction from the northeast corner of the United States public school building, at approximately latitude 60° 52′ N., longitude 161° 15′ W., marked No. 1; thence in a southerly direction along the right bank of the Kuskokwim River 1 mile to post No. 2; thence in a westerly direction 1 mile to post No. 3; thence in a northerly direction 2 miles to post No. 4; thence in an easterly direction 1 mile to post No. 5, set on the right bank of the Kuskokwim River; thence in a southerly direction along the right bank of the Kuskokwim River 1 mile to the initial stake; estimated to contain 2 square miles.
Mountain Village Reserve.—Beginning at a pole about 40 feet long set 5 feet in the ground, 30 feet from the southwest corner of the United States public school building, on the right or north bank of the Yukon River, at approximately latitude 62° 15′ N., longitude 163° 50′ W.; thence in a westerly direction 1 mile, following the right bank of the Yukon River; thence In a northerly direction 1 mile, at right angles to the Yukon River; thence in an easterly direction 2 miles, parallel to the Yukon River; thence in a southerly direction 1 mile on the Yukon River; thence in a westerly direction 1 mile to the place of beginning, following the right bank of the Yukon River; estimated to contain 2 square miles.
Tatitlek Reserve.—Beginning at a point on the easterly shore of Tatitlek Narrows and at the middle of the spit connecting the mainland with Grave Yard Point, this above point situated about half way between the villages of Tatltlek and Ellamar, with corner No. 1, a post 4 feet high and 4 inches square set 18 inches in the ground; thence running due east about 1½ miles to the shore line on Boulder Bay to corner No. 2, set same as corner No. 1; thence meandering southerly along the shore line, which meandering is continued regardless of direction but in observance with the shore line until corner No. 1 is reached.
The White House,
    November 22, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2758

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Thursday, November 22, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 178, p. 4, December 7, 1917
Civil-service rule 7, section 2, is hereby amended to read as follows:
    "2. Certification for appointment in the departments or independent offices at Washington shall be so made as to maintain, as nearly as the conditions of good administration will warrant, the apportionment of appointments among the several States and Territories and the District of Columbia upon the basis of population; Provided, That appointments to the following positions shall not be so apportioned.
    "In all departments and offices: Apprentice, cabinetmaker, carpenter, electric lineman, electric wireman, electrician's helper, engraver, gardener, messenger boy, messenger girl, painter, plumber, plumber's helper, skilled laborer (female), student, and telephone operator.
    "In the Government Printing Office, Mail Equipment Shops, local offices in the District of Columbia, field service of the military staff departments, and at Army headquarters: All positions.
    "In the Bureau of Engraving and Printing: Operative, plate printer, printer's assistant, and skilled helper.
    "In the office of the Auditor for the Post Office Department: Operative for the audit of accounts and vouchers of the Postal Service by means of labor-saving devices."
Civil-service rule 11, section 6, is hereby amended to read as follows:
    "6. Messenger boys, messenger girls, and operatives in the office of the Auditor for the Post Office Department for the audit of accounts and vouchers of the Postal Service by means of labor-saving devices, appointed without regard to the apportionment, shall not be promoted or transferred to apportioned positions whether they are residents of States or Territories which are entitled to appointments to apportioned positions or not, and said operatives shall not be assigned to other work."
The White House,
    November 22, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2754

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Saturday, November 10, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 166, p. 1, November 22, 1917
In view of the fact that the Food Administration and the Fuel Administration are created to exist only during the present war with Germany, and that the temporary nature and the peculiarities of the work render it difficult and sometimes impossible to obtain from the competitive classified service of the United States eligibles for positions in these administrations, and because of conditions due to the war, such eligibles are often obtained only after delays which interfere with work of an urgent nature, these administrations are authorized to employ for the period of the war, without reference to the requirements of the Civil Service laws and regulations, such persons as in the judgment of those in responsible charge are best adapted to the work, it being understood that all possible use will be made of the Civil Service Commission, and that this order shall not affect any person already employed by or certified to these administrations under the Civil Service laws and regulations.
The White House,
    10 November, 1917.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Revoked by

* Executive Order 3461, May 16, 1921
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2748

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Friday, November 2, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 153, p. 6, November 7, 1917
Whereas the following joint resolution adopted by Congress was approved by the President May 12, 1917:
"Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the President be, and he is hereby, authorized to take over to the United States the immediate possession and title of any vessel within the jurisdiction thereof, including the Canal Zone and all Territories and insular possessions of the United States except the American Virgin Islands, which at the time of coming into such jurisdiction was owned in whole or in part by any corporation, citizen, or subject of any nation with which the United States may be at war when such vessel shall be taken, or was flying the flag of or was under register of any such nation or any political subdivision or municipality thereof; and, through the United States Shipping Board or any department or agency of the Government, to operate, lease, charter, and equip such vessel in any service of the United States, or in any commerce, foreign or coastwise.
"Sec. 2. That the Secretary of the Navy be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to appoint, subject to the approval of the President, a board of survey, whose duty it shall be to ascertain the actual value of the vessel, its equipment, appurtenances, and all property contained therein at the time of its taking, and to make a written report of their findings to the Secretary of the Navy, who shall preserve such report with the records of his department. These findings shall be considered as competent evidence in all proceedings on any claim for compensation."
And whereas the following vessel was, at the time of coming into the jurisdiction of the United States, owned in whole or in part by a corporation, citizen, or subject of the Empire of Germany, a nation with which the United States is now at war, or was flying the flag of or under the register of the Empire of Germany or of a political subdivision or municipality thereof:
Steam tug Pollux now lying at the port of New York.
It is therefore ordered that through the United States Shipping Board there be taken over to the United States the possession and title of the aforementioned vessel. The United States Shipping Board is further hereby authorized to repair, equip, and man said vessel; to operate, lease, or charter the same in any service of the United States or in any commerce, foreign or coastwise; and to do and perform any and all things that may be necessary to accomplish {he purposes of the joint resolution above set forth.
The White House,
    November 2, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2752

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Friday, November 9, 1917
U.S. Official Bulletin No. 166, p. 1, November 22, 1917
Former printers' assistants and operatives of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing may be reinstated upon certificate of the Civil Service Commission without reference to the year limit upon eligibility, to serve during the increase of work incident to the war.
This order is recommended as a war measure by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Civil Service Commission.
The White House,
    9 November, 1917.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Revoked by

* Executive Order 3461, May 16, 1921
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Eli

See also Eli (biblical figure) on Wikipedia; Eli in the 9th Edition; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ELI (Hebrew for “high”? 1 Sam. chaps. i.-iv.), a member of the ancient priesthood founded in Egypt (1 Sam. ii. 27), priest of the temple of Shiloh, the sanctuary of the ark, and also “judge” over Israel. This was an unusual combination of offices, when it is considered that in the history preserved to us he appears in the weakness of extreme old age, unable to control the petulance and rapacity of his sons, Hophni and Phinehas, who disgraced the sanctuary and disgusted the people. While the central authority was thus weakened, the Philistines advanced against Israel, and gained a complete victory in the great battle of Ebenezer, where the ark was taken, and Hophni and Phinehas slain. On hearing the news Eli fell from his seat and died. In a passage not unlike the account of the birth of Benjamin (Gen. xxxv. 16 sqq.), it is added that the wife of Phinehas, overwhelmed at the loss of the ark and of her husband, died in child-birth, naming the babe Ichabod (1 Sam. iv. 19 sqq.). This name, which popular etymology explained by the words “the glory is removed (or, stronger, ‘banished’) from Israel” (cf. Hos. x. 5), should perhaps be altered from I-kābōd (as though “not glory”) to Jōchebed (Yōkebed, a slight change in the original), the name which tradition also gave to the mother of Moses (q.v.). After these events the sanctuary of Shiloh appears to have been destroyed (cf. Jer. vii. 12, xxvi. 6, 9), and the descendants of Eli with the whole of their clan or “father’s house” subsequently appear as settled at Nob (1 Sam. xxi. 1, xxii. 11 sqq., cp. xiv. 3), perhaps in the immediate neighbourhood of Jerusalem (Is. x. 32). In the massacre of the clan by Saul, and the subsequent substitution of the survivor Abiathar by Zadok (1 Kings ii. 27, 35), later writers saw the fulfilment of the prophecies of judgment which was said to have been uttered in the days of Eli against his corrupt house (1 Sam. ii. 27 sqq., iii. 11 sqq.).
See further, Samuel, Books of; and on Eli as a descendant of a Levite clan (1 Sam. ii 27 sq.), see Levites (§ 3). (W. R. S.; S. A. C.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Elie

See also Elie and Earlsferry on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ELIE, a village and watering-place of Fifeshire, Scotland, on the shore of the Firth of Forth. Pop. 687. It is 10 m. due S. of St Andrews, but 20 m. distant by the North British railway, which makes a great bend by following the coast. Though it retains some old houses, and the parish church dates from 1639, Elie is, as a whole, quite modern and is one of the most popular resorts in the county on account of its fine golf links and excellent bathing. The royal burgh of Earlsferry (pop. 317) is situated in the parish of Elie, which it adjoins on the west. Its charter, granted by Malcolm Canmore, having been burned, it was renewed by James VI. The chief structure is the town hall, which is modern but has an ancient steeple. The place derived its name from its use by the earls of Fife as a ferry to the opposite shore of Haddington, 8 m. distant. Macduff’s cave near Kincraig Point is believed traditionally to have been that in which the thane took refuge from Macbeth. Two and a half miles north is Balcarres House, belonging to the earl of Crawford, where Lady Anne Barnard (1750–1825) was born.