OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/McFarland, Asa

Edition of 1900. Supplement.
McFARLAND, Asa, clergyman, b. in Worcester, Mass., 19 April, 1769; d. in Concord, N. H., 18 Feb., 1827. He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1793, was two years principal of Moor's charity school, Hanover, two years tutor in the college, and member of its board of trustees in 1809-'22. He was installed pastor of the First Congregational church, Concord, N. H., 7 March, 1798, and remained its pastor until 1825. In 1811 he was president of the New Hampshire missionary society. He left more than 2,000 manuscript sermons, of which eighteen were published. He received the degree of D. D. from Yale in 1812.—His wife, Elizabeth Kneeland, of Boston, whom he married in 1803, was the projector, in 1804, of a notable society of women in New Hampshire pledged each to contribute one cent a week for missionary purposes. It is still flourishing, and its contributions have reached $153,000.—Their son, Asa, journalist, b. in Concord, N. H., 19 May, 1804; d. there, 13 Dec, 1879, after receiving a partial academic education at Gilmanton academy, learned the printing trade, and became interested in publishing the “New Hampshire Statesman” from 1826 till 1834, when he established a general printing business, but from July, 1844, till July, 1850, was the political writer for the “Statesman.” In 1850 he made a five months' journey to Great Britain and the continent, whence he contributed letters to the “Statesman” and the “Congregational Journal.” In 1851, with George E. Jenks, he became proprietor and editor of the “New Hampshire Statesman.” In 1860 Dartmouth conferred the degree of A. M. upon him. He was chairman of the Whig state committee in 1844-'6, championed the “right of way” for public thoroughfares in the state, the encouragement of foreign capital to develop railways, factories, etc., tending to the state's prosperity, and in 1853 railway communication to the Pacific. Mr. McFarland represented his city in the legislatures of 1859 and 1860, and was state printer in 1846, 1859, and 1860. He published a volume of favorite poems, termed “The Gift” (1835), and his foreign correspondence (1851). He was a member of the Historical society in 1840-'68, which published in its “Collections” an address (1837) on the dedication of a monument commemorative of men who fell in ambuscade by Indians in Concord in August, 1746.—Another son, Andrew, physician, b. in Concord, 14 July, 1817; d. in Jacksonville, 21 Nov., 1891, attended Dartmouth, and lectured at Jefferson medical college in 1843. He practised at Sandwich and Laconia, N. H., and was appointed superintendent of the New Hampshire asylum for the insane in August, 1845. He resigned in November, 1852, and practised at Concord, and
Lawrence, Mass. About 1854 he became superintendent of the Illinois state asylum for the insane in Jacksonville, serving in that position till 1869, when he resigned and established “Oak Lawn Retreat,” a private asylum in Jacksonville, Ill. He published “The Escape” (Boston, 1851).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neuendorff, Adolph Heinrich Anton Magnus

Edition of 1900.
​NEUENDORFF, Adolph Heinrich Anton Magnus, musician, b. in Hamburg, Germany, 13 June, 1843. He came to New York with his parents in 1854. Two years later he had instruction on the violin from Joseph Weinlich. After serving as chorus-master and member of an orchestra before he was sixteen, he studied theory and composition with Gustav Schilling, under whose direction he also made his first appearance as a pianist at Dodworth hall in 1859. After a two-years' trip to South America, he became conductor of the orchestra at the German theatre in Milwaukee, Wis., and in 1864 was chorus-master of Carl Anschütz's German opera company. Later he succeeded Anschütz as conductor, and in 1867 became music-director of the New Stadt theatre, New York. In 1870-'1 he brought a German company from Europe, produced “Tannhäuser” and “Lohengrin,” the latter being seen for the first time in America. In 1872 he brought Theodor Wachtel to this country, and, with Carl Rosa, gave a season of Italian opera at the Academy of music. In that year he also established the Germania theatre in New York, of which he was manager for eleven years. During that time he was also organist of a church and conductor of a choral society. In 1875 he gave a season of German opera with Wachtel and Madame Pappenheim, conducted the Beethoven centennial concerts, and went to the first Wagner festival at Bayreuth as correspondent for the “New Yorker Staats-Zeitung.” In 1878 Neuendorff succeeded Theodore Thomas as conductor of the New York philharmonic. In 1881 he transferred his German theatre to the building that had been vacated by Lester Wallack; but the change proved disastrous, and he lost a fortune in two years. He has directed operas and concerts in all the large cities of the Union. His compositions include two symphonies and three operas, “The Rat-Charmer of Hamelin” (1880); “Don Quixote” (1882); “Prince Waldmeister” (1887); and numerous other instrumental and vocal works.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nelson, Charles Alexander

Edition of 1900.
​NELSON, Charles Alexander, librarian, b. in Calais, Me., 14 April, 1839. He was graduated at Harvard in 1860, studied civil engineering at Lawrence scientific school and library science at the College library in Boston, but engaged in teaching. In 1864-'5 he was a civil engineer in government service at New Berne, N. C. He afterward engaged in business there, and was several times elected to civil offices. From 1874 till 1881 he was connected with the book-trade in Boston, and was employed ​in literary, library, and editorial work. For six years he was the Boston correspondent of the “American Bookseller,” and since 1876 he has been on the editorial staff of “Zion's Herald.” He has written “Waltham, Past and Present, and its Industries” (1879), and “Weston” in Samuel A. Drake's “History of Middlesex County, Mass.” (1880). Mr. Nelson has given special study to library economy, and since 1881 has had charge of the “Catalogue of the Astor Library (Continuation), Vol. I.-III. (1886-'7),” and is now (1888) at work on the fourth and last volume. He was one of the founders and is now (1888) secretary of the New York library club.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neu-Wied, Alexander Maximilian, Prince of

Edition of 1900.
​NEU-WIED, Alexander Maximilian (noy-veet), Prince of, b. in Neu-Wied, Germany, 23 Sept., 1782; d. there, 3 Feb., 1867. He served in the Prussian army until 1806, when he was retired as a major-general, and gave himself to the study of natural science. In 1815 he made a voyage to Rio Janeiro for the purpose of exploring the interior of Brazil. In 1816 he reached the Morro d'Arrara, and found the tribe of the Botocudos, about which he gave exact details for the first time. On account of the war among the different tribes of the country he was obliged to abandon his original route, and retired to Villaviçosa, remaining for some time near the ruins that he had discovered in Jonassoma. North of the river Belmonte he made his way through the woods, and after many difficulties arrived in the province of Minas-Geraes. His delicate health forced him to abandon his expedition, but on arriving at Nazareth he was detained by unfounded suspicions for three days, and robbed of a large part of his collection of insects and plants. After this he resolved to leave the country, and embarked for Germany on 10 May, 1817. In 1833 he travelled through the western part of North America to the Rocky mountains, collecting a large quantity of specimens in natural history, and having views taken by the artists that accompanied him. His zoölogical collection, embracing rare specimens of the South American fauna, is now in the American museum of natural history, New York. He wrote “Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815-1817” (Frankfort, 1819-'20); “Abbildungen zur Naturgeschichte Brasiliens” (Weimar, 1823); “Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte Brasiliens” (1824); and “Reise durch Nordamerika” (Coblentz, 1838; English translation, London, 1843).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Necochea, Eugenio

Edition of 1900.
​NECOCHEA, Eugenio (nay-co-chay'-ah), Chilian soldier, b. in Buenos Ayres in 1797; d. in Santiago, Chili, in 1867. From his early years he was deeply interested in the struggle for the independence of his country, and in 1813 engaged in the campaign of Santa Fé. In 1817 he formed part of the army of the Andes as lieutenant of mounted grenadiers under his brother Mariano, and participated in the campaign of Chili till 1820, being promoted major. He then took part in the campaign of Peru till 1823, and reached the rank of colonel. In 1824 he obtained leave of absence from the Peruvian army and returned to Buenos Ayres, where he remained till 1836. In that year he went back to Chili and was appointed intendant of the province of Chiloe. In 1837 he re-entered the Chilian army and was made commander of the cavalry in the Peruvian expedition, but after the death of Vice-President Portales and the consequent failure of the expedition he was appointed military governor of Valparaiso. He became substitute judge of the military court of appeals in 1842, judge in 1846, intendant of the province of Maule in 1849, and in 1856 inspector-general of militia and military commander of the province of Santiago. He was several times deputy to congress and provincial elector, and in 1860 was promoted brigadier. — His brother, Mariano, Peruvian soldier, b. in Buenos Ayres, 7 Sept., 1790; d. in Miraflores, near Lima, in 1849. In 1802 he was sent to Spain for his education, but he was obliged to return home in 1811 on account of the death of his father. He took an active part in the struggle for independence, and was in the campaigns in upper Peru from 1811 till 1814. In 1817 he went to Chili in the Army of the Andes as commander of a regiment of mounted grenadiers, and took part in the whole campaign of Chili under Gen. San Martin. He accompanied the latter to Peru, was promoted brigadier for his valor in the siege of Callao, and afterward as commander of cavalry engaged in the campaign of Peru, assisting in the battle of Junin, 6 Aug., 1824, where he was dangerously wounded and saved from death by a Spanish soldier who formerly had served under him in the Army of the Andes. He was promoted general of division, and after the independence of Peru was established returned to Buenos Ayres, where he took part as commander of a body of volunteer cavalry in the war against Brazil in 1826-'7. In the latter year he returned to Peru, participated in the war against Colombia, and was commander of Guayaquil in 1828. In consequence of a military conspiracy in Lima, Necochea, with several other officers, was summarily ordered to leave the country without a hearing, and he returned to congress his general's commission, saying that he wished to carry from Peru nothing but his honorable wounds. Later, when his innocence was recognized in Peru, he returned to that country and received the rank of grand-marshal, but saw no more active service, and retired, to private life.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neuville, Jean Guillaume, Baron Hyde de

Edition of 1900.
​NEUVILLE, Jean Guillaume, Baron Hyde de, French statesman, b. in the Castle of Neuville, near Charité-sur-Loire, 24 Jan., 1776; d. in Paris, 28 May, 1847. After studying in the College Cardinal Lemoine, in Paris, he entered political life at the age of sixteen. He became one of the most trusted agents of the exiled Bourbon princes, and after the coup d'état of 9 Nov., 1799, he had, under the name of Paul Xavier, an interview with Bonaparte, in which conditions for the restoration of Louis XVIII. were discussed. During the consulate and empire he practised medicine in Lyons under the name of Roland, and obtained a gold medal for the propagation of vaccine; but in 1806 Napoleon consented to refund Neuville's confiscated estate on condition that he should go to the United States, and the latter settled near New Brunswick, N. J., where his house became a place of refuge for French exiles. In 1813 he was instrumental in deciding his friend, Gen. Moreau (q. v.) to accept the propositions of the emperor of Russia. Neuville returned to France in April, 1814, and was given, by Louis XVIII., a mission to London to offer the mediation of France between Great Britain and the United States. In December of the same year he went to Rome and had several secret interviews with Prince Lucien, a brother of Napoleon, the purpose of which was to decide the latter to leave Elba and go to the United States; but the secret transpired through an indiscreet secretary, and Napoleon, taking alarm, left suddenly for France. In 1815 he was elected to the chamber of deputies, and on 14 Jan., 1816, appointed minister and consul-general for the United States. He arrived in Washington in August following, was received with favor by President Madison, and soon became a leader in society. The influence he thus acquired enabled him to negotiate a very favorable treaty of commerce and navigation, which was signed, 24 June, 1822, and several articles of which are still in force. Louis XVIII. created him a baron, and in 1821 gave him the grand cross of the Legion of honor as a reward for his services. He was recalled late in 1821, and re-elected deputy in 1822. In 1823 he became ambassador to Lisbon, where he rescued the old king, John VI., who had been imprisoned by his son, and was created Count de Pembosta. He was returned to the chamber of deputies in 1824 and 1827, and as secretary of the navy in the Martignac cabinet, 1828-'30, greatly improved the colonial system of France, and prohibited the slave-trade in its American possessions. Under Louis Philippe he lived quietly upon his estate of l'Étang, near Sancerre, but in 1837 he took an active part in the discussion of a new treaty of commerce with the United States, and caused several pamphlets to be printed on the subject. He published “Éloge historique du Général Moreau” (New York, 1814) and “Observations sur le commerce de la France avec les États-Unis” (Paris, 1837).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neuville, Chevalier de la

Edition of 1900.
​NEUVILLE, Chevalier de la, soldier, b. about 1740; d. about 1800. In 1777 he and his younger brother Normiont arrived in this country and offered their services to congress. He had been for more than twenty years an officer, brought letters that recommended him for his zeal, activity, and knowledge in the French service, and also bore high testimonials to Gen. Washington. On 14 May, 1778, he was appointed an inspector of the army under Gen. Horatio Gates, with the promise of rank according to his merit at the end of three months. He was a good officer but a strict disciplinarian, and was not popular with the army. Failing to receive promotion to the rank he expected after six months' service, he applied for permission to retire, which was granted, and on 4 Dec., 1778, congress passed an order that a certificate be given him by the president in these words: “M. de la Neuville, having served with fidelity and reputation in the army of the United States, in testimony of his merit, a brevet commission of brigadier has been granted him by congress, and, on his request, he is permitted to leave the service of the States and return to France.” He formed a strong attachment for Gen. Gates while under his command, and corresponded with him after leaving the country. In one of his letters he says that he had applied for permission to return to America in vain, and announced his intention of doing so, “not as a general but as a philosopher,” and of purchasing a residence near that of Gen. Gates. He did not revisit this country, and his subsequent history is lost. — His brother, Normiont, served in two campaigns with credit, was appointed a major, and afterward lieutenant-colonel by brevet, and returned to France in 1779.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neuville, Philippe Buache de la

Edition of 1900.
​NEUVILLE, Philippe Buache de la, French geographer, b. in Neuville-en-Pont, 7 Feb., 1700; d. in Paris, 24 Jan., 1773. He was a pupil of Guillaume Delisle, and succeeded him in the Academy of sciences in 1730. He invented a new system of geography, which, although defective in many instances, contributed greatly toward the progress of that science, and popularized it. By a careful study of the map of the earth he became convinced that a connection existed in Bering strait between Asia and America, and he placed on his map the peninsula of Alaska and the Aleutian islands long before their discovery. After reading the narrative of Admiral de Fuente (q. v.) he drew a chart of the western coast of North America, then almost unknown, which was valuable to navigators. He affirmed also that a continent or large islands existed in the vicinity of the south pole. Among his works are “Considérations géographiques et physiques sur les découvertes nouvelles dans la grande mer,” which contains a chart of the western coast of North America (Paris, 1754); “Le parallèle des fleuves des quatre parties du monde pour servir a déterminer la hauteur des montagnes” (1757); “Mémoire sur la traversée de la mer glaciale arctique,” which contains his hypothesis of an Alaskan peninsula (1759); and “Considérations géographiques sur les terres australes et antarctiques” (1761). — His nephew, Jean Nicolas, b. in Neuville-en-Pont, 15 Feb., 1741; d. in Paris, 21 Nov., 1825, taught geography to Louis XVI., Louis XVIII., and Charles X., was afterward keeper of the marine charts and log-books in the navy department, and, being elected to the Academy of sciences in 1782, prepared the charts for the unfortunate expedition of La Pérouse (q. v.) to the South sea. Among his works are “Mémoire sur la terre des Arsacides,” in which he claims that Surville discovered the Salomon islands before Mendana de Neyra (Paris, 1781); and “Considérations sur les limites méridionales de la Guiane Française” (1797), in which he urged the government to claim a tract of land 150 miles large, which he affirmed belonged to Guiana. This work contained also a map of Guiana which provoked complications with Portugal, and the “Directory” was at one time on the eve of declaring war with the latter country. The difficulties that were raised by Buache de la Neuville's work were brought to an end only under the reign of Louis Philippe. He also wrote “Mémoire sur les découvertes faites par la Pérouse” (1798); “Recherches sur l'ile Juan de Lisboa” (1801); “Recherches sur l'ile Antilla et sur l'époque de la découverte de l'Amérique” (1806); and “Observations sur quelques iles situées entre le Japon et la Californie” (1809).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nevada, Emma Wixom

Edition of 1900.
​NEVADA, Emma Wixom, singer, b. in Nevada City, Cal., in 1861. Her name is Wixom, but she has adopted that of her native city for her stage name. She was educated at Austin, Texas, and in San Francisco, and, after studying in Vienna under Mme. Marchesi, first appeared at Her Majesty's theatre, London, in 1880, and subsequently with success in the principal European cities. She has an extensive repertoire, including principally Italian operas, but she has also appeared in oratorio in England. She sang in “La Sonnambula” at her first appearance in New York in 1884.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 21

Chapter 21.
And on the day after, when they were setting out thence, and in the hour in which they began their journey, Jesus turned to the palm, and said: This privilege I give thee, O palm tree, that one of thy branches be carried away by my angels, and planted in the paradise of my Father. And this blessing I will confer upon thee, that it shall be said of all who conquer in any contest, You have attained the palm of victory. And while He was thus speaking, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared, and stood upon the palm tree; and taking off one of its branches, flew to heaven with the branch in his hand. And when they saw this, they fell on their faces, and became as it were dead. And Jesus said to them: Why are your hearts possessed with fear? Do you not know that this palm, which I have caused to be transferred to paradise, shall be prepared for all the saints in the place of delights, as it has been prepared for us in this place of the wilderness? And they were filled with joy; and being strengthened, they all rose up.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 23

Chapter 23.
And it came to pass, when the most blessed Mary went into the temple with the little child, that all the idols prostrated themselves on the ground, so that all of them were lying on their faces shattered and broken to pieces; and thus they plainly showed that they were nothing. Then was fulfilled that which was said by the prophet Isaiah: Behold, the Lord will come upon a swift cloud, and will enter Egypt, and all the handiwork of the Egyptians shall be moved at His presence.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Cf. 1 Sam. v. 3.
* ↑ Isa. xix. 1.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 25

Chapter 25.
After no long time the angel said to Joseph:  Return to the land of Judah, for they are dead who sought the child’s life.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Matt. ii. 26. One of the mss. here has: And Joseph and Mary went to live in the house of a certain widow, and spent a year there; and for the events of the year it gives a number of the miracles recorded in the early chapters of the Latin Gospel of Thomas.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 18

Chapter 18.
And having come to a certain cave, and wishing to rest in it, the blessed Mary dismounted from her beast, and sat down with the child Jesus in her bosom.  And there were with Joseph three boys, and with Mary a girl, going on the journey along with them. And, lo, suddenly there came forth from the cave many dragons; and when the children saw them, they cried out in great terror. Then Jesus went down from the bosom of His mother, and stood on His feet before the dragons; and they adored Jesus, and thereafter retired. Then was fulfilled that which was said by David the prophet, saying: Praise the Lord from the earth, ye dragons; ye dragons, and all ye deeps. And the young child Jesus, walking before them, commanded them to hurt no man. But Mary and Joseph were very much afraid lest the child should be hurt by the dragons. And Jesus said to them: Do not be afraid, and do not consider me to be a little child; for I am and always have been perfect; and all the beasts of the forest must needs be tame before me.

## Footnotes

* ↑ One of the mss. has: Then Joseph put the blessed virgin and the boy upon a beast, and himself mounted another, and took the road through the hill country and the desert, that he might get safe to Egypt; for they did not want to go by the shore, for fear of being waylaid.
* ↑ Ps. cxlviii. 7.