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# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Macarius, presbyter of Athanasius

Macarius (12), presbyter of Athanasius. Early in his episcopate, perhaps in 329 or 330 (if his consecration was on June 8, 328, as Hefele reckons, Councils, ii. 4), Athanasius, on a visitation in Mareotis, was informed that a layman named Ischyras was exercising priestly functions. Macarius was sent to summon the offender before the archbishop, but Ischyras being ill, his father was requested to restrain him from the offence. Ischyras, recovering, fled to the Meletians, who invented the accusation that Macarius, by order of Athanasius, had forced the chapel of Ischyras, overthrown his altar, broken the chalice, and burnt the sacred books (Athan. Apol. c. Ar. c. 63; Socr. i. 27; Hilar. Pict. Fragm. ii. § 18). Macarius is next found at the imperial court at Nicomedia on a mission with another priest, Alypius, when three Meletian clergy, Ision, Eudaemon, Callinicus, brought their accusation against Athanasius in reference to the linen vestments. Macarius and Alypius were opportunely able to refute the calumny (Socr. i. 27; Soz. ii. 22). This may have been late in 330 or early in 331; Pagi's date 328 seems too early. Macarius and the three Meletians were still there when Athanasius arrived (331) on a summons from Constantine; the Meletians brought against the archbishop the fresh charge of supplying money to Philumenus and Macarius was charged with the breaking of the chalice (Hefele, ii. 13). The charge was easily disproved. Macarius again assisted Athanasius when charged with the murder of Arsenius. When Arsenius had been found alive and John Arcaph had confessed the fraud, Macarius was sent to Constantinople to inform Constantine of the collapse of the whole calumny (Athan. Apol. c. Ar. cc. 65, 66). Macarius was dragged in chains before the council at Tyre in 335, and when the commission was sent by that council to Mareotis to investigate the affair of the chalice, which was still charged against Athanasius, Macarius was not allowed to accompany it, but was left in custody at Tyre. Athan. Apol. c. Ar. cc. 71, 72, 73; Mansi, ii. 1126, 1128, B, C; Hefele, ii. 14–23; Tillem. viii. 19–23.
[C.H.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/M

* Macarius, bp. of Jerusalem
* Macarius Magnes, a writer
* Macarius, presbyter of Athanasius
* Macarius, an Egyptian hermit or monk
* Macarius, a Roman Christian
* Macedonius, bp. of Constantinople
* Macedonius II., patriarch of Constantinople
* Macrina, the Elder
* Macrina, the Younger
* Magnentius, Flavius Popilius, emperor
* Majorianus, Julius Valerius
* Majorinus, a church reader at Carthage
* Malchion, a presbyter of Antioch
* Malchus, a hermit in Syria
* Mamertus, Saint, bp. of Vienne
* Mamertus, Claudianus Ecdicius
* Mammaea or Mamaea, Julia
* Manes, called also Mani
* Manicheans
* Mar Aba or Mar-Abas
* Marana and Cyra
* Marcella, friend of Jerome
* Marcellina, a sister of St. Ambrose
* Marcellinus, bp. of Rome
* Marcellinus, Flavius
* Marcellus, bp. of Rome
* Marcellus, bp. of Ancyra
* Marcia, concubine of Commodus
* Marciani, see Euchites
* Marcianus, a solitary in Syria
* Marcianus, presbyter at Constantinople
* Marcianus, Flavius, emperor of the East
* Marcion, a 2nd cent. heretic
* Marcus, bp. of Rome
* Marcus, surnamed Eremita
* Marcus, a Gnostic
* Mari, see Nestorian Church
* Marinus, a military martyr
* Maris, bp. of Chalcedon
* Marius Mercator, a writer
* Marius, bp. of Lausanne
* Martinianus, a martyr at Rome
* Martinus, St., bp. of Tours
* Martinus, bp. of Dumium
* Martyrius, bp. of Jerusalem
* Masona, bp. of Merida
* Maternus, Julius Firmicus
* Maurus, St., founder of Glanfeuil monastery
* Maxentius, Joannes, presbyter and archimandrite
* Maximianus I., M. Aurelius Valerius
* Maximianus, a Donatist
* Maximianus, archbp. of Constantinople
* Maximinus I., Roman emperor
* Maximinus II., emperor
* Maximinus, Saint, bp. of Trèves
* Maximinus, Arian bp. of Hippo Regius
* Maximus Magnus, Christian emperor in the West
* Maximus Petronius, emperor of the West
* Maximus, bp. of Alexandria
* Maximus, bp. of Jerusalem
* Maximus the Cynic, bp of Constantinople
* Maximus, patriarch of Antioch
* Maximus, bp. of Turin
* Maximus, an ecclesiastical writer
* Maximus of Ephesus
* Melania, a Roman lady
* Melania the younger, daughter of Publicola
* Meletius, bp. of Lycopolis
* Meletius, bishop of Antioch
* Melito
* Mellitus
* Menander
* Mennas
* Merlinus
* Mesrobes
* Methodius
* Miltiades, 2nd cent. Christian writer
* Miltiades, bishop of Rome
* Minucius Felix, Marcus
* Miro
* Modestus
* Monnica
* Monoimus
* Monophysitism
* Monothelitism
* Montanus
* Montanus, bishop of Toledo
* Moses
* Moses of Khoren
* Muratorian Fragment
* Musonius
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Macarius, a Roman Christian

Macarius (24), a Christian of Rome who (end of 4th cent.) wrote on the divine providence in opposition to heathen notions of fate and astrology. Finding some difficulties, he dreamed of a ship bringing relief to his doubts. Rufinus just at this time arriving from Palestine, Macarius saw in this the interpretation of his dream and sought from him light from the Greek fathers. Rufinus trans. for him Origen's eulogy on the martyr Pamphilus (said by Jerome to be really by Eusebius) and also Origen's περί Ἀπχῶν, the publication of which led to violent controversy. [HIERONYMUS; ORIGEN.] Jerome calls him Ὅλβιος, saying, "Tunc discipulus Ὄλβιος, vere nominis sui si in talem magistrum non impegisset" (Ep. cxxvii. ad Princ. ed. Vall.)
[W.H.F.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Macarius, bp. of Jerusalem

Macarius (1) 1., bp. of Jerusalem, the 39th from the Apostles, Hermon being his predecessor. His accession is placed by Tillemont in 311 or 312. In a list of defenders of the faith, Athanasius (Orat. I. adv. Arian, p. 291) refers to Macarius as exhibiting "the honest and simple style of apostolical men." A letter was addressed to him and other orthodox bishops by Alexander of Alexandria (Epiph. Haer. lxix. 4, p. 730). He attended the council of Nicaea in 325 (Soz. i. 17; Theod. H. E. i. 15). During his episcopate, a.d. 326 or 327, HELENA paid her celebrated visit to Jerusalem. Macarius was commissioned by the emperor Constantine, a.d. 326, to see to the erection of a basilica on the site of the Holy Sepulchre. The emperor's letter is given by Eusebius (de Vita Const. iii. 29–32), Socrates (H. E. i. 9) and Theodoret (H. E. i. 17). Constantine subsequently (c. 330) wrote to Macarius with the other bishops of Palestine about the profanation of the sacred terebinth of Mamre by idolatrous rites (Euseb. u.s. 52, 53). The emperor also presented Macarius with a vestment of gold tissue for the administration of the sacrament of baptism, as a token of honour to the church of Jerusalem (Theod. H. E. ii. 27). The death of Macarius is placed by Sozomen (H. E. ii. 20) between the deposition of Eustathius, a.d. 331, and the council of Tyre, a.d. 335. He was succeeded by Maximus.
[E.V.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Lupus

Lupus (2). [GERMANUS (8).]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Macarius, an Egyptian hermit or monk

Macarius (17). Two hermits or monks of this name both lived in Egypt in the 4th cent.; their characters and deeds are almost indistinguishable. The elder is called the Egyptian, the younger the Alexandrine. One of them was a disciple of Anthony and the master of EVAGRIUS, and one of them dwelt in the Thebaid. Jerome speaks of Rufinus (Ep. iii. 2, ed. Vall. a.d. 374) as "being at Nitria, and having reached the abode of Macarius." Yet Rufinus, who lived 6 years in Alexandria and the adjoining monasteries, describes the residence of Macarius (Hist. Mon. 29)—which he names Scithium and says was a day and a half's journey from the monasteries of Nitria—from the accounts of others rather than as an eye-witness. Rufinus, however, seems to have seen both hermits (Apol. Ruf. ii. 12). The stories about them are of a legendary character. Rufinus, Hist. Mon. 28, 29, and Hist. Eccl. ii. 4, 8; Palladius, 19, 20; Soz. iii. 13; Socr. iv. 18; Gennad. d. V. Ill. 11; Martyrolog. Rom. Jan. 5 and 15.
[W.H.F.]
# United States v. Manufacturers National Bank of Detroit

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United States Supreme Court
363 U.S. 194
UNITED STATES of America, Appellant, v. MANUFACTURERS NATIONAL BANK OF DETROIT, etc.
Argued: March 31, 1960. --- Decided: June 13, 1960
Mr. Robert Kramer, Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., for appellant.
Mr. Henry I. Armstrong, Jr., Detroit, Mich., for appellee.
Mr. Chief Justice WARREN delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# United States v. Manzi

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United States Supreme Court
276 U.S. 463
United States v. Manzi
Argued: Feb. 23, 1928. --- Decided: April 9, 1928
The Attorney General and Mr. W. D. Mitchell, Sol. Gen., of Washington, D. C., for the United States.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# United States v. Marchant & Colson

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United States Supreme Court
25 U.S. 480
United States v. Marchant & Colson
March 12th.
THE opinion of the Court in this case was delivered by Mr. Justice STORY.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# United States v. Marigold

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United States Supreme Court
50 U.S. 560
United States v. Marigold

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 52

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Adopted by the Security Council at its 325th meeting, by 9 votes to 0, with 2 abstentions (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), on 22 June 1948
The Security Council,
Having received and examined the first, second and third reports of the Atomic Energy Commission, ([1])
Directs the Secretary-General to transmit to the General Assembly and to the States Members of the United Nations the first, second and third reports of the Atomic Energy Commission, together with the record of the deliberations of the Security Council on this subject, as a matter of special concern.
[1] See Official Records of the Atomic Energy Commission, First Year, Special Supplement; ibid., Second Year, Special Supplement; and ibid., Third Year, Special Supplement.
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Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 53

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Adopted by the Security Council at its 331st meeting, by 8 votes to none, with 3 abstentions (Syria, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), on 7 July 1948
The Security Council,
Taking into consideration the telegram from the United Nations Mediator dated 5 July 1948, ([1])
Addresses an urgent appeal to the interested parties to accept in principle the prolongation of the truce for such period as may be decided upon in consultation with the Mediator.
[1] Ibid., Third Year, Supplement for July 1948, document S/865.
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Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 51

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Adopted by the Security Council at its 312th meeting, by 8 votes to none, with 3 abstentions (China, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) on 3 June 1948
The Security Council,
1. Reaffirms its resolutions 38 (1948) of 17 January, 39 (1948) of 20 January and 47 (1948) of 21 April 1948;
2. Directs the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan to proceed without delay to the areas of dispute with a view to accomplishing in priority the duties assigned to it by resolution 47 (1948);
3. Directs the Commission further to study and report to the Security Council when it considers it appropriate on the matters raised in the letter of the Foreign Minister of Pakistan, dated 15 January 1948, [1] in the order outlined in paragraph D of Council resolution 39 (1948).
[1] See Official Records of the Security Council, Third Year, Supplement for November 1948, document S/1100, annex 6.
This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".
Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 541

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Adopted by the Security Council on 18 November 1983
The Security Council,
Having heard the statement of the Foreign Minister of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus,
Concerned at the declaration by the Turkish Cypriot authorities issued on 15 November 1983 which purports to create in independent state in northern Cyprus,
Considering that this declaration is incompatible with the 1960 Treaty concerning the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus and the 1960 Treaty of Guarantee,
Considering therefore that the attempt to create a "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" is invalid, and will contribute to a worsening of the situation in Cyprus,
Reaffirming its resolutions 365(1974) and 367(1975),
Aware of the need of a solution to the Cyprus problem, based on the mission of good offices undertaken by the Secretary-General,
Affirming its continued support for the United Nations Peace- keeping Force in Cyprus,
Taking note of the Secretary-Generals statement of 17 November 1983,
1. Deplores the declaration of the Turkish Cypriot authorities of the purported secession of part of the Republic of Cyprus;
2. Considers the declaration refereed to above as legally invalid and calls for its withdrawal;
3. Calls for the urgent and effective implementation of its resolutions 365(1974) and 367(1975);
4. Requests the Secretary-General to peruse his mission of good offices in order to achieve the earliest possible progress towards a just and lasting settlement in Cyprus;
5. Calls upon the parties to co-operate with the Secretary- General in his mission of good offices;
6. Calls upon all states to respect the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and non-alignment of the Republic of Cyprus;
7. Calls upon all states not to recognise any Cypriot state other than the Republic of Cyprus;
8. Calls upon all states and the two communities in Cyprus to refrain from any action which might exacerbate the situation;
9. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council fully informed.
Adopted at the 2500th meeting by 13 votes to 1 against (Pakistan) with 1 abstention (Jordan).
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 55

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Adopted by the Security Council at its 342nd meeting, by 9 votes to 0, with 2 abstentions (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ([1]), Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), on 29 July 1948
The Security Council,
Having considered the Committee of Good Offices' report on the Federal Conference opened in Bandung on 27 May 1948, ([2]) third interim report, ([3]), report on the standstill in political negotiations ([4]) and report on restrictions on trade in Indonesia, ([5])
Calls upon the Governments of the Netherlands and the Republic of Indonesia, with the assistance of the Council's Committee of Good Offices, to maintain strict observance of both the military and economic articles of the Renville Truce Agreement ([6]) and to implement early and fully the twelve Renville political principles ([7]) and the six additional principles. ([8])
[1] The representative of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was absent, and the President ruled that he should be counted as having abstained. [2] Ibid., Third Year, Supplement for June 1948, document S/842. [3] Ibid., document S/848/Add.1. [4] Ibid., Supplement for July 1948, document S/918. [5] Ibid., document S/919. [6] Ibid., Third Year, Special Supplement No. 1, appendix XI. [7] Ibid., appendix XIII. [8] Ibid., appendix VIII.
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Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:
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# United Nations Security Council Resolution 520

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* Resolution 520 (1982)
* of 17 September 1982
The Security Council,
Having considered the report of the Secretary-General of 15 September 1982,$^{40}$
Condemning the murder of Bashir Gemayel, the constitutionally elected President-elect of Lebanon, and every effort to disrupt by violence the restoration of a strong, stable government in Lebanon,
Having listened to the statement by the Permanent Representative of Lebanon,$^{41}$
Taking note of the determination of Lebanon to ensure the withdrawal of all non-Lebanese forces from Lebanon,
1. Reaffirms its resolutions 508 (1982), 509 (1982) and 516 (1982) in all their components;
2. Condemns the recent Israeli incursions into Beirut in violation of the cease-fire agreements and of Security Council resolutions;
3. Demands an immediate return to the positions occupied by Israel before 15 September 1982, as a first step towards the full implementation of Security Council resolutions;
4. Calls again for the strict respect of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity and political independence of Lebanon under the sole and exclusive authority of the Government of Lebanon through the Lebanese Army throughout Lebanon;
5. Reaffirms its resolutions 512 (1982) and 513 (1982), which call for respect for the rights of the civilian populations without any discrimination, and repudiates all acts of violence against those populations;
6. Supports the efforts of the Secretary-General to implement resolution 516 (1982), concerning the deployment of United Nations observers to monitor the situation in and around Beirut, and requests all the parties concerned to cooperate fully in the application of that resolution;
7. Decides to remain seized of the question and asks the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council informed of developments as soon as possible and not later than within twenty-four hours.
* Adopted unanimously at the 2395th meeting.
$^{40}$Ibid., document S/15382/Add. I. $^{41}$Ibid., Thirty-seventh Year, 2394th meeting.
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Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse