OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English for Teachers/Unit 3/Chapter 4

​Unit 3
Chapter 4
Object followed by Description Words
I want the fence white. I want the fence painted. I want the fence painted white.
Past Participle as Adjective (p. 459)
I am not surprised.
Present Participle as Adjective
I found the test surprising.
* Exchanges A: You like your food hot, don't you? B: Yes, but not too hot. A: Do you want the fence painted? B: No, I'm going to do it tomorrow. A: Do you want cream in your coffee? B: No, I'll take it black, please. A: Was that book given to you? B: No, I bought it.
* Reading Tom Sawyer Aunt Polly wanted the front fence painted white, and when Aunt Polly wanted something done it had to be done right away. "But Aunt Polly, why not have it painted by somebody else? I've already decided to go fishing." "Tom Sawyer, you get out there this minute, or I'll have you strung up on the nearest tree!" she said. Reluctantly, Tom picked up the paint bucket and brushes and walked to the old fence. Soon, everyone was saying that Tom was actually working.
* Reading (continued) "Hey, Tom" I thought you never worked," one of Tom's friends teased. "Oh, this isn't work--it's fun! This paint job was my idea." Tom said. "Now stay away from here," he warned. "I don't want this fine paint job ruined." "All right, Tom. Have it your way!" his friends laughed. "You're not fooling us!"
* Writing
A. Answer the following questions using an adjective complement.
| ex. | How do you like your milk - hot or cold? |
| | I like my milk hot. |
1. How do you have your windows at night - open or closed?
2. Do you prefer girls who wear their hair long or short?
3. How do you like apples - cooked or raw?
4. How do you like your coffee - black or with cream?
5. How do you prefer potatoes - baked, fried or mashed?
B. Complete the sentence with a description word using "it" or "them" as object.
| ex. | Park Choi Su took his bicycle to the shop for repairs. |
| | He wanted it fixed. |
1. Mary did not understand the lesson.
She found...
2. She does not like cream in her coffee. She likes...
3. Sue took her T.V. to a repair shop. She wanted...
4. Frank does not like cooked tomatoes. He prefers...
5. Pete just hates cold soup.
He likes...
| ex. | The story interested Bob. |
| (Describe the story.) | The story was interesting. |
| (Describe Bob.) | Bob was interested. |
1. Mrs. Cho broke the glass.
(Describe the glass.)
Mr. Choi was watching some children. They amused him. (Describe the children.) (Describe Mr. Choi.)
3. The good news excited Bob.
(Describe the news.) (Describe Bob.)
4. The long answer confused Mr. Miller.
(Describe the answer. ) (Describe Mr. Miller. )
5. The tiger frightened the little boy.
(Describe the tiger.) (Describe the little boy.)
* How were the exam results?
* They were surprising.
* How did the teacher feel?
* She was surprised.
# English for Teachers/Unit 3/Chapter 5

​Unit 3
Chapter 5
I. Review Reading
Sungho the Shoeshine Boy
Once there was a boy named Sungho. He was 14 years old and had been a shoeshine boy for seven years. He always said that when he grew up he was going to be the boss of many shoeshine boys. He was going to make a lot of money.
One day, while he was working very hard, a stranger gave him a white envelope. When he opened the envelope, he found two million won. "Why was this money given to me?" he asked, hoping it hadn't been a mistake.
For a month he thought only of the money. He worried that someone was going to steal it from him. Since this was the first time he had ever seen so much money, he was worried that he was going to spend it unwisely. To solve this problem, he began asking people, "What are you going to do when you get rich?" First he asked a teacher. "I'm going to start my own school," said the teacher. That was not interesting because Sungho had never been to school. Then he asked a student. "I'm going to buy many books and be the smartest student in my class," he replied. Since no one had taught Sungho to read, books were a useless investment. Finally when he asked a laborer, he replied, "I'm going to buy a big house for all my family." This was not the answer either because Sungho had no family.
Everyday, Sungho was sick with worry. He remembered his happy days before he received the money. Suddenly he "thought of an answer! Sungho put the envelope on the street and soon another man found it. Sungho's worries were over.
II. Writing
A. Based on the Review Reading make sentences from the following:
1. put/sidewalk/money
2. stranger/envelope/handed
3. had been/seven/years/shoeshine/boy
4. Sungho/worried/was/money
5. opened/envelope/million/won/two
6. asked/what/to do/money with
7. didn't/know/to do/what
B. Place the sentences you have made in chronological order.
C. Connect the sentences where possible. Use: "while", "since", "because", "when"
D. Pretend you have been given 10 million won. Write a short paragraph about what you are going to do and why.
| Some suggestions: | Are you going to quit your job? |
| | What are you going to buy? |
| | Where are you going to go? |
III. Proverbs/Quotation
The greatest wealth is contentment with a little.
- Ray, 1670
Wealth is not without its advantages and the case to the contrary, although it has often been made, has never proved widely persuasive.
- John Kenneth Galbraith,
The Affluent Society
IV. Activity
A. Paraphrase the above proverb and quotation. Which one do you agree with? Why? Are they contradictory?
B. Take the proverb and/or the quotation and make a list of questions that you would ask someone to get them to accept it.
# English for Teachers/Unit 4/Chapter 1

​Unit 4
Chapter 1
Expressions of Future Time (p. 448)
I will meet you at the Pung Rim Tearoom. (emphatic) I am going to meet Mr. Han today. (unemphatic)
I will have to get there early.
I was going to, but I didn't, (action planned, but not completed. )
Requests (p. 448)
Will you do this for me?
Won't you come with me?
I. Activity
A. Substitute one word from the Comprehensive Reading for the underlined word or words below.
* Our greatest wealth is our forests.
* For a Peace Corps Volunteer, he speaks Korean comparatively well.
* He puts his life in danger everytime he tries to cross the highway.
* Do you have an answer to the problem?
* Rat control is a matter of community concern.
* That shouldn't be a major worry.
* We should give freely to the Korean National Tuberculosis Association.
* Responsible members of a nation work for the common good.
* Vitamins reduce the chance of disease.
* Safety First is a safe-guard against accidents.
B. Discover and underline the uses of "will" in the Comprehensive Reading. Take the sentence and expand it with "because".
C. Discuss what the above exercise tells you about "will".
Clue: Does "will" suggest fact or opinion?
II. Reading
A. Mr. Park Kuk Jo is going on a trip soon. A doctor is going to give him a shot.
"Will it hurt?" Mr. Park asks.
"No, don't worry. It won't hurt at all. You won't even feel it," the doctor is saying.
* What is the doctor going to do?
* What exactly is Mr. Park's question?
* What is the exact answer?
* Ask the questions with "will". Give short answers. hurt very muchbe very pleasantMr. Park feel it
III. Dialogue
Mr. Lee: Why isn't it done? Who was going to do it?
Mrs. Kim: I thought your brother was going to do it.
Mr. Lee: Didn't you say you were going to do it?
Mrs. Kim: Me? No, I didn't.
Mr. Lee: Well, who's going to do it?
Mrs. Kim: We'll all do it.
Answer the following questions about the Dialogue:
1. What is Mr. Lee talking about in the first line?
2. Whom did Mrs. Kim think was responsible?
3. Whom did Mr. Lee think was responsible?
4. Who was going to be responsible?
5. Who will be responsible?
IV. Writing
Construct a situation for the above Dialogue. Write 2 or 3 sentences (as in II, A) inventing a reference for "it" in the dialogue. Discuss whether your situations will work; then ask and answer the questions again, giving specific answers.
V. Activity
Use the following commands to make a polite request, using "won't".
# English for Teachers/Unit 4

​Unit 4
HEALTH
Comprehensive Reading
Health: A National Resource
"There is no finer investment for any community than to put milk into babies. Healthy Citizens are the greatest asset any country can have."
Winston Churchill, 1943
Winston Churchill must have been a courageous man. During World War II, while bombs were dropping on London, he would still say, "Public health is our greatest wealth." Can we say the same? Even in a time of relative peace, would we be willing to admit health must come first? Let's take a look at the facts, shall we?
Poor health is expensive. Recently, the Korea Herald reported that TB control alone would cost Korean taxpayers billions of won next year. Certain specific diseases like TB, as well as poor health in general, limit the GNP. And we shouldn't forget those minor diseases, such as colds and flu. They cost the nation valuable man-hours of work.
Poor diet and lack of sleep will often contribute to the spread of common infections. Frequently we infect each other in schools, offices, and other public places. Very often, however, we would rather risk the health of others than miss a day of work; when one man in a group gets sick, others will, too. Until we make up our minds to improve our personal health, we cannot have a healthy economy.
To achieve good health, we will have to begin with basic preventive medicine. Simple common sense just might be the solution. For example, well-fed babies will become healthy, intelligent adults. Won't you care? I would like to suggest that the time to begin is now. Tomorrow may be too late.
# Elmhurst Cemetery Company of Joliet v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
300 U.S. 37
Elmhurst Cemetery Company of Joliet v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
Argued: Jan. 5, 6, 1937. --- Decided: Feb 1, 1937
Mr. Elden McFarland, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. Thurman Arnold, of New Haven, Conn., for respondent.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS, delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Shreveport

See also Shreveport, Louisiana on Wikipedia; Shreveport on Wikipedia; Shreveport in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
SHREVEPORT, a city of the United States, capital of Caddo parish, Louisiana, on the west bank of Red River and near to Sodo Lake, is the eastern terminus of the Texas Pacific Railroad, 327 miles by rail north-west of New Orleans, with which it has regular steamboat communication. Situated in the heart of a very fruitful cotton-growing region, it is one of the principal cotton-markets in the south-west of the United States, and is the second commercial city in the State. It exports annually about 125,000 bales of cotton, and carries on a trade likewise in hides, wool, and tallow. It has factories for carriages, cotton gins, cotton-seed oil, soap, ice, sashes and blinds, and spokes and hubs, also foundries, machine-shops, a planing mill, saw-mills, and breweries. The town possesses among public buildings a handsome court-house and a cotton exchange. Red River is spanned by an iron bridge 20 feet wide and 1200 long. Shreveport, which was incorporated in 1839, had a population of 4607 in 1870 and of 8009 in 1880; in 1886 the population was estimated at 15,000.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sedum

See also Sedum on Wikipedia; Sedum on Wikipedia; Sedum in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
SEDUM. About 120 species are enumerated in this genus of Crassulaceæ, mostly perennial herbs with succulent leaves of varied form, but never compound. The individual flowers are usually small and grouped in cymes. In colour they range from white and yellow to pink. They have a calyx of five sepals, as many petals, usually ten stamens, and five distinct carpels, which have as many glands at their base and ripen into as many dry seed-pods. Several species are British, including some with tuberous roots and large leaves (Telephium), and others of smaller size, chiefly found on rocks, walls, and dry banks. Many are cultivated for the beauty of their flowers, and many are remarkable for their prolonged vitality under adverse circumstances. Sedums are very closely allied to Sempervivums (see Houseleek).
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Seleucia

See also Seleucia on Wikipedia; Seleucia, Seleucia Pieria, and Other Seleucias at Wikipedia, Seleucia in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
SELEUCIA, or Seleuceia (Σελεύκεια). Of the numerous ancient towns of this name the most famous are—(1) the great city on the Tigris founded by Seleucus I. Nicator (see vol. xviii. p. 587), of the greatness and decay of which an account has been given in vol. xviii. p. 601; (2) a city on the northern frontier of Syria towards Cilicia, some miles north of the mouth of the Orontes, also founded by Seleucus I., and forming with Antioch, Apamea, and Laodicea the Syrian Tetrapolis. It served as the port of Antioch (Acts xiii. 4). Considerable ruins are still visible, especially a great cutting through solid rock, about two-thirds of a mile long, which Polybius speaks of as the road from the city to the sea.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Simon Greenleaf

See also Simon Greenleaf on Wikipedia; Greenleaf in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​ GREENLEAF, Simon (1783-1853), American jurist, was born at Newburyport, Massachusetts, December 5, 1783. After studying law in Massachusetts and Maine, he began in 1806 to practise at Standish in the latter State, proceeding finally to Portland in 1818. There, after two years, he became reporter of the supreme court of Maine, and during his twelve years of office published nine volumes of Reports. Resigning in 1832, Greenleaf became in 1833 Royale professor, and in 1846 Dane professor of law in Harvard University, where he received the degree of doctor of laws. He retired in 1848 from his active duties, becoming emeritus professor, and after being for some years president of the Massachusetts Bible Society died at Cambridge, Mass., October 6, 1853.
Greenleaf's principal work is a Treatise on the Law of Evidence, 1842-53. He published also A Full Collection of Cases Overruled, Denied, Doubted, or Limited in their Application, taken from American and English Reports, in 1840, expanded afterwards to 3 volumes; and an Examination of the Testimony of the Four Evangelists by the Rules of Evidence administered in the Courts of Justice, with an Account of the Trial of Jesus, 1846. This was republished in England in 1847.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Segesta

See also Segesta on Wikipedia; Segesta on Wikipedia; Segesta in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
SEGESTA, a very ancient city near the north-western extremity of Sicily, so named by the natives and by the Romans, while the Greeks called it Egesta or Ægesta. Its origin was ascribed by tradition sometimes to Trojan refugees and sometimes to Phocians, followers of Philoctetes; the accounts agree only in making Segesta older than the Greek colonization of Sicily in the 7th century b.c. A tribe named Elymi, distinct from both the Siculi and the Greeks, occupied the country round the city. The scanty references to the history of Segesta show it in continual warfare with the Greek city Selinus from the year 580 b.c. downwards. As early as 426 b.c. it concluded an alliance with Athens; and in 416 a great Athenian fleet sailed to Sicily, ostensibly to aid Segesta against its enemies Selinus and Syracuse, but really to attempt the conquest of the island. After the destruction of the Athenian fleet and army, the Segestans turned to the Carthaginians. But, when Hannibal destroyed Selinus (see Selinus) in 409 b.c. and Himera, and established the Carthaginian power firmly in the western part of Sicily, Segesta sank to the position of a dependent ally. In 397 it suffered a long siege from Dionysius of Syracuse, but at last was relieved by Himilco. In 307, however, the Greek arms had better success; Agathocles of Syracuse sold the inhabitants into slavery, after massacring 10,000 men, and changed the name of the city to Dicæopolis. But it soon recovered its old name and passed again to the Carthaginians. In the beginning of the First Punic War the Segestans murdered the Carthaginian garrison and became allies of Rome. Being soon after besieged by the Carthaginians, they were relieved by the great naval victory of Duilius, 260 b.c. Segesta was always highly favoured by the Romans, both on account of its early adhesion to their cause and from its supposed Trojan origin. Its site is now deserted, having been exposed to the Saracen depredations in the 10th century; but the ruins are very fine. Segesta was about 6 miles from the sea, and the modern town of Castellamare probably occupies the site of the ancient harbour. The Crimisus, which is represented on coins of Segesta, is probably the river S. Bartolommeo, about 6 miles to the south. There were hot springs and baths not far from the city.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Selma

See also Selma, Alabama on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SELMA, a city of the United States, in Dallas county, Alabama, at the head of steamboat navigation of the Alabama river, occupies a plateau on the bluff of the right bank, 95 miles below Montgomery. It has cotton warehouses, railroad machine-shops, and various factories. The population was 6484 (3660 coloured) in 1870 and 7529 (4184 coloured) in 1880. Selma, which was strongly fortified during the Civil War and the seat of a Confederate arsenal (where 1800 men were employed), was captured by the Federal major-general J. H. Wilson on 2d April 1865.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Simon Forman

See also Simon Forman on Wikipedia; Simon Forman on Wikipedia; Simon Forman in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FORMAN, Simon (1552–1611), a physician and astrologer, was born in 1552 at Quidham, a small village near Wilton, Wiltshire. At the age of fourteen he became apprentice to a druggist at Salisbury, but at the end of four years he exchanged this profession for that of a school-master. Shortly afterwards he entered Magdalen College, Oxford, where he studied chiefly medicine and astrology. After continuing the same studies in Holland he commenced practice as a physician in Philpot Lane, London, but as he possessed no diploma, he on this account underwent more than one term of imprisonment. Ultimately, however, he obtained a diploma from Cambridge university, and established himself as a physician and astrologer at Lambeth, where he was consulted, especially as a physician, by many persons of rank, among others by the notorious countess of Essex. He expired suddenly while crossing the Thames in a boat, September 12, 1611.
A list of Forman’s works on astrology is given in Bliss’s edition of the Athenæ Oxonienses; many of his MS. works are contained in the Bodleian Library, the British Museum, and the Plymouth Library. A Brief Description of the Forman MSS. in the Public Library, Plymouth, was published in 1853.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Abdallatif

See also Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi on Wikipedia; Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi at Wikipedia; Abdallatif in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
​Abdallatif, or Abd-ul-Latif, a celebrated physician and traveller, and one of the most voluminous writers of the East, was born at Baghdad in 1162. An interesting memoir of Abdallatif, written by himself, has been preserved with additions by Ibn-Abu-Osaiba, a contemporary. From that work we learn that the higher education of the youth of Baghdad consisted principally in a minute and careful study of the rules and principles of grammar, and in their committing to memory the whole of the Koran, a treatise or two on philology and jurisprudence, and the choicest Arabian poetry. After attaining to great proficiency in that kind of learning, Abdallatif applied himself to natural philosophy and medicine. To enjoy the society of the learned, he went first to Mosul (1189), and afterwards to Damascus, the great resort of the eminent men of that age. The chemical fooleries that engrossed the attention of some of these had no attraction for him, but he entered with eagerness into speculative discussions. With letters of recommendation from Saladin's vizier, he visited Egypt, where the wish he had long cherished to converse with Maimonides, "the Eagle of the Doctors," was gratified. He afterwards formed one of the circle of learned men whom Saladin gathered around him at Jerusalem, and shared in the great sultan's favours. He taught medicine and philosophy at Cairo and at Damascus for a number of years, and afterwards, for a shorter period, at Aleppo. His love of travel led him in his old age to visit different parts of Armenia and Asia Minor, and he was setting out on a pilgrimage to Mecca when he died at Baghdad in 1231. Abdallatif was undoubtedly a man of great knowledge and of an inquisitive and penetrating mind, but is said to have been somewhat vain of his attainments. Of the numerous works—most of them on medicine— which Osaiba ascribes to him, one only, the Account of Egypt, appears to be known in Europe. The manuscript of this work, which was discovered by Pococke the Orientalist, is preserved in the Bodleian Library. It was translated into Latin by Professor White of Oxford in 1800, and into French, with very valuable notes, by De Sacy in 1810. It consists of two parts: the first gives a general view of Egypt; the second treats of the Nile, and contains a vivid description of a famine caused, during the author's residence in Egypt, by the river failing to overflow its banks. The work gives an authentic detailed account of the state of Egypt during the middle ages.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Abbot, George (2.)

See also the disclaimer.
​Abbot, George, known as "The Puritan," has been oddly and persistently mistaken for others. He has been described as a clergyman, which he never was, and as son of Sir Morris Abbot, and his writings accordingly entered in the bibliographical authorities as by the nephew of the Archbishop of Canterbury. One of the sons of Sir Morris Abbot was, indeed, named George, and he was a man of mark, but the more famous George Abbot was of a different family altogether. He was son or grandson (it is not clear which) of Sir Thomas Abbot, knight of Easington, East Yorkshire, having been born there in 1603-4, his mother (or grandmother) being of the ancient house of Pickering. He married a daughter of Colonel Purefoy of Caldecote, Warwickshire, and as his monument, which may still be seen in the church there, tells, he bravely held it against Prince Rupert and Maurice during the civil war. He was a member of the Long Parliament for Tamworth. As a layman, and nevertheless a theologian and scholar of rare ripeness and critical ability, he holds an almost unique place in the literature of the period. His Whole Booke of Job Paraphrased, or made easy for any to understand (1640, 4to), is in striking contrast, in its concinnity and terseness, with the prolixity of too many of the Puritan expositors and commentators. His Vindiciœ Sabbathi(1641, 8vo) had a profound and lasting influence in the long Sabbatic controversy. His Brief Notes upon the Whole Book of Psalms (1651, 4to), as its date shows, was posthumous. He died February 2, 1648. (MS. collections at Abbeyville for history of all of the name of Abbot, by J. T. Abbot, Esq., F.S.A., Darlington; Dugdale's Antiquities of Warwickshire, 1656, p. 791; Wood's Athenœ (Bliss), s. v.; Cox's Literature of the Sabbath; Dr James Gilfillan on The Sabbath; Lowndes, Bodleian, B. Museum Catal. s. v.) (A. B. G.)