OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boyle, Roger (1617?-1687)

1904 Errata appended.
​BOYLE, ROGER (1617?–1687), bishop of Clogher, was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he was elected a fellow. On the outbreak of the rebellion in 1641 he became tutor to Lord Paulet, in whose family he remained until the Restoration, when in 1660-1 he became rector of Carrigaline and of Ringrone in the diocese of Cork. Thence he was advanced to the deanery of Cork, and on 12 Sept. 1667 he was promoted to the see of Down and Connor. On 21 Sept. 1672 he was translated to the see of Clogher. He died at Clones on 26 Nov. 1687, in the seventieth year of his age, and was buried in the church ​at Clones. He was the author of 'Inquisitio in fidem Christianorum hujus Sæculi,' Dublin, 1665, and 'Summa Theologiæ Christianæ,' Dublin, 1681. His commonplace book on various subjects, together with an abstract of Sir Kenelm Digby's 'Treatise of Bodies,' is in manuscript in Trinity College Library, Dublin.
[Cotton's Fasti Ecclesiæ Hibernicæ, iii. 80, 207-8; Ware's Works (Harris), i. 190, 213, ii. 203.]
T. F. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.35 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 126 | ii | 6 f.e. | Boyle, Roger (1617?-1687): after Cork insert in Oct. 1662 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boyle, Richard (d.1644)

1904 Errata appended.
​BOYLE, RICHARD (d. 1644), archbishop of Tuam, was the elder brother of Michael Boyle [q. v.], bishop of Waterford, and the second son of Michael Boyle, merchant, of London, and Jane, daughter and co-heir to William Peacock. He became warden of Youghal on 24 Feb. 1602-3, dean of Waterford on 10 May 1603, [dean of Tuam in May 1604,] archdeacon of Limerick on 8 May 1605, and bishop of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross on 22 Aug. 1620, these three preferments being obtained through the interest of his cousin, the first Earl of Cork. He was advanced to the see of Tuam on 30 May 1638. On the outbreak of the rebellion in 1641, he retired with Dr. John Maxwell, bishop of Killala, and others, to Galway for protection, where, when the town rose in arms against the garrison, his life was preserved through the influence of the Earl of Clanricarde. He died at Cork on 19 March 1644[-5], and was buried in the cathedral of St. Finbar. He is said to have repaired more churches and consecrated more new ones than any other bishop of his time. By his marriage to Martha, daughter of Richard (or John) Wright, of Catherine Hill, Surrey, he left two sons and nine daughters.
[Ware's Works (ed. Harris), i. 566, 616-7; Lodge's Peerage of Ireland (Archdall), i. 145.]
T. F. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.34 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 116 | i | 2 f.e. | Boyle, Richard (d. 1644) : for 1644 read 1645 |
| | ii | 6 | after 1603 insert dean of Tuam May 1604 |
| | | 18 | for 1644 read 1644-5 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boyne, Viscount

​BOYNE, Viscount. [See Hamilton, Gustavus.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boys, David

​BOYS or BOSCHUS, DAVID (d. 1461), Carmelite, was educated at Oxford, and lectured in theology at that university; he also visited for purposes of study the university of Cambridge and several foreign universities. He became head of the Carmelite community at Gloucester, and died there in the year 1451. The following are the titles of works written by Boys: 1. 'De duplici hominis immortalitate.' 2. 'Adversus Agarenos.' 3. 'Contra varios Gentilium Ritus.' 4. 'De Spiritus Doctrina.' 5. 'De vera Innocentia.'
[Leland's Comm. de Scriptoribus Britannicis, p. 454; Villiers de St. Etienne, Bibliotheca Carmelitana.]
A. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boyne, John

​BOYNE, JOHN (d. 1810), water-colour painter, caricaturist, and engraver, was born in county Down, Ireland, between 1750 and 1759. His father was originally a joiner by trade, but afterwards held for many years an appointment at the victualling office at Deptford. Boyne was brought to England when about nine years of age, and subsequently articled to William Byrne, the landscape-engraver. His master dying just at the expiration of his apprenticeship, he made an attempt to carry on the business himself, but being idle and dissipated in his habits, he was unsuccessful. He then joined a company of strolling actors near Chelmsford, where he enacted some of Shakespeare's characters, and assisted in a farce called 'Christmas;' but soon wearying of this mode of life, he returned to London in 1781, and took to the business of pearl-setting, being employed by a Mr. Flower, of Chichester Rents, Chancery Lane. Later on we find him in the capacity of a master in a drawing school, first in Holborn, and afterwards in Gloucester Street, Queen Square, where Holmes and Heaphy were his pupils. Boyne died at his house in Pentonville on 22 June 1810. His most important artistic productions were heads from Shakespeare's plays, spiritedly drawn and tinted; also 'Assignation, a Sketch to the Memory of the Duke of Bedford;' 'The Muck Worm,' and 'The Glow Worm.' His 'Meeting of Connoisseurs,' now in the South Kensington Museum, was engraved in stipple by T. Williamson. He published 'A Letter to Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Esq., on his late proceedings as a Member of the Society of the Freedom of the Press.'
[Magazine of the Fine Arts, iii. 222; Redgrave's Dictionary of Artists of the English School, London, 1878, 8vo.]
L. F.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boys, Edward (1599-1667)

[Chalmers's Biog. Dict. vi. 374-5; Masters's Hist. Corpus Chr. Coll. (Lamb), p. 353; Granger's Biog. Hist, of England, 2nd ed. iii. 295-6; General Hist. of Norfolk, ed. J. Chambers, i. 249, ii. 1336.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Houton, John de

John of Houghton in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
​HOUTON, JOHN de (d. 1246), justice, was appointed archdeacon of Bedford in 1216 (Ann. Dunst. p. 53). From this time forward he was frequently employed in a judicial capacity, and seems to have been high in the royal favour. As archdeacon of Bedford he decided several cases in which the priory of Dunstable was concerned, especially two between the monks and burgesses of Dunstable in 1221 and 1228 (ib. p. 87). In the same year he was sent to Rome by the king to resist the demands of Ranulph, earl of Chester (ib. p. 89; Rot. Claus. 8 Hen. III), and in 1225 he was twice employed by the prelates as their spokesman to answer the papal demands for revenues in England (Matt. Paris, iii. 103). In 1228 he was sent on a second mission to Rome, as the representative of the king and bishops, to oppose Walter of Eynsham, whom the monks of Canterbury had elected archbishop, and procured the ​cassation of this election, and the appointment of Richard Grant [q. v.] (ib. iii. 169–72; Ann. Dunst. pp. 109, 113). In 1231 he became archdeacon of Northampton (ib. p. 128), which post he held till his death in 1246 (Matt. Paris, iv. 552). Matthew Paris says that he died intestate, leaving great wealth, which excited the cupidity of the pope, who claimed the estates of clerks who left no will. But the ‘Dunstable Annals’ (pp. 264–5) record in 1274 the discharge of a debt due from the priory to Houton, by paying it, in accordance with his legacy, to the dean and chapter of Lincoln. Houton's name is also given as Octon, Hocton, Hotoft, and Hotosp.
[Matt. Paris, and Dunstable Annals (in Annales Monastici, vol. iii.) in Rolls Ser.; Foss's Judges of England, ii. 368.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, Catherine

​HOWARD, CATHERINE, fifth queen of Henry VIII. [See Catherine, d. 1542.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/How

​HOW. [See Howe.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, Bernard Edward

​HOWARD, BERNARD EDWARD, twelfth Duke of Norfolk (1765–1842), born at Sheffield on 21 Nov. 1765, was eldest son of Henry Howard (1713-1787) of Glossop, by Juliana, second daughter of Sir William Molyneux, bart., of Wellow, Nottinghamshire. His father was great-grandson of Henry Frederick, earl of Arundel (1608-1652) [q.v.] On 17 Jan. 1799 he was elected F.R.S., and F.S.A. on 20 Feb. 1812. On 16 Dec. 1815 he succeeded as twelfth Duke of Norfolk his third cousin, Charles, eleventh duke [q.v.] Unlike his predecessors he was a Roman catholic, but by act of parliament passed 24 June 1824, he was allowed to act as earl-marshal. He was made a councillor of the university of London in 1825, was admitted to a seat in the House of Lords, after the Roman Catholic Relief Bill of 1829, was nominated a privy councillor 1830, and was elected K.G. 1834. In parliament he steadily supported the Reform Bill. He died at Norfolk House, St. James's Square, London, on 19 March 1842, and was buried at Arundel. A portrait by Pickersgill has been engraved by Sanders. Norfolk married, on 23 April 1789, Elizabeth Bellasis, daughter of Henry, second earl of Fauconberg, and by her, whom he divorced in 1794, had one son, Henry Charles, thirteenth duke of Norfolk [q.v.] His wife afterwards remarried Richard, earl of Lucan, and died in 1819.
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, Anne

​HOWARD, ANNE, Lady (1475–1512), daughter of Edward IV. [See under Howard, Thomas, third Duke of Norfolk.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, James (fl.1639)

​HUME, JAMES (fl. 1639), mathematician, son of David Hume of Godscroft (1560?–1630?) [q. v.], and therefore sometimes described as 'Scotus Theagrius,' lived in France, and on the title-page of his earliest book, 'Pantaleonis Vaticinia Satyra,' dated Rouen, 1633, he is called 'Med. Doctor.' The 'Satyra' is a Latin romance, imitating Barclay's 'Argenis,' but is very crude in form. It is dedicated to Sir Robert Ker, first earl of Ancrum [q. v.], and has an historical appendix on contemporary affairs, mostly German. In 1634 Hume printed in Latin 'Prœlium ad Lipsiam,' 'Gustavus Magnus,' 'De Reditu Ducis Aureliensis ex Flandria,' as an appendix to his father's 'De Unione Insulæ Britanniæ' (Paris). Some Latin verses in the same book accuse one `Morinus' of plagiary for having used some proofs of theorems given by Hume to Napier, baron Merchiston.
In 1636 Hume published at Paris 'Algèbre de Viète d'une Méthode nouuelle, claire et facile,' and 'Traité de la Trigonométric pour resoudre tous Triangles rectilignes et sphériques,' &c At the end of the latter volume appears a list of nine mathematical works which Hume had written in Latin: 'Algebra Vietæ,' 'Algebra secundum Euclidem,' 'Arithmetica,' 'De Arte muniendi more Gallico,' idem 'more Hollandico,' 'Trigonometria,' 'Theoria Planetarum,' 'Sphæra Copernici,' and 'Ptolemaica Geometriæ Practica.' There are besides 'De Horologiis' and 'Grammatica Hebræa,' proving that Hume's attainments were not purely mathematical. A translation of one of his works into French, apparently his 'De Arte muniendi more Gallico,' appeared under the title 'Fortifications Françaises d'une Méthode facile.'
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, Tobias

​HUME, TOBIAS (d. 1645), soldier and musician, was a soldier of fortune, and spent much of his life in the service of Sweden. In 1605 he published ‘The First Part of Ayres, French, Pollish, and others,’ with a dedication to William Herbert, third earl of Pembroke, in which he says, ‘My life hath been a soldier and my idleness addicted to music.’ His favourite instrument seems to have been the viol-da-gamba. In 1607 he published ‘Captain Hume's Musicall Humors,’ dedicated to Anne of Denmark, which contains curious attempts at programme-music. The British Museum possesses a copy of this work, with an autograph inscription praying the queen ‘to heare this musick by mee; hauinge excellent instruments to performe itt,’ and both this and the former work are described by Dr. Rimbault (Bibliotheca Madrigaliana, London, 1847, pp. 21, 25. In the Record Office (Cal. State Papers, Dom. Chas. I. vol. clxxix. No. 7) is an undated petition from Hume, asking leave for himself and 120 men to proceed to Mickle Bury (? Mecklenburg) land, whither he had been sent by the king of Sweden. He states that he had served in many foreign countries. At Christmas 1629 he entered Charterhouse as a poor brother. His mind seems to have given way, for in July 1642 he published a rambling ‘True Petition of Colonel Hume’ to parliament offering either to defeat the rebels in Ireland with a hundred ‘instruments of war,’ or, if furnished with a complete navy, to bring the king within three months twenty millions of money. He styles himself ‘colonel,’ but the rank was probably of his own invention, for in the entry of his death, which took place at Charterhouse on Wednesday, 16 April 1645, he is still called Captain Hume.
[Hume's works; State Papers quoted above; Register of Charterhouse, communicated by the Rev. the Master; Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. vii. 369; Brit. Mus. Addit.MS. 24489 (Hunter's Chorus Vatum).]
W. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, Thomas

1904 Errata appended.
​HUME, THOMAS, M.D. (1769?–1850), physician, born in Dublin about 1769, was the son of Gustavus Hume [q. v.], surgeon of that city (Foster, Alumni Oxon. 1715-1886, ii. 713). He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated B.A. in 1792, M.B. in 1796, and M.D. on 19 July 1803. On 6 July 1804 he was incorporated M.D. at Oxford as a member of University College (ib.) He was admitted a candidate of the College of Physicians on 25 June 1807, a fellow on 25 June 1808, was censor in 1814, 1821, 1831, and 1832, and was declared an elect on 18 Jan. 1832. In 1808 he sailed for Portugal as physician to the army under Wellesley, but returned to England during the following year, and became physician to the Westminster Hospital. Resigning this office in 1811, he went back to the Peninsula. Shortly afterwards he received from the commander-in-chief the appointment of physician to the London district, which he held until the establishment was broken up by the peace of 1815. He died at Hanwell on 21 Oct. 1850, aged 81, and ‘was buried in the family vault of his wife, the last descendant of the mathematician, Dr. John Wallis’ (Gent. Mag. 1850, pt. ii. 676; Notes and Queries, 6th ser.x. 346).
[Munk's Coll. of Phys. 1878, iii. 63-4; Dublin Graduates, 1591-1868, p. 287.]
G. G.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.162 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 235 | i | 6 | Hume, Thomas: omit [q. v.] |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, John Robert

​HUME, JOHN ROBERT, M.D. (1781?–1857), physician, born in Renfrewshire in 1781 or 1782, studied medicine at Glasgow in 1795, 1798, and 1799, and at Edinburgh in 1796-7. He entered the medical service of the army, served with distinction in the Peninsula, and during that period was surgeon to Wellesley. The university of St. Andrews conferred on him the degree of M.D. on 12 Jan. 1816, and on 22 Dec. 1819 he was admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians. Settling in London, he became physician to the Duke of Wellington, and was created D.C.L. at Oxford on 13 June 1834, the duke being then chancellor of the university. He was admitted a fellow of the College of Physicians on 9 July 1836, and on the following 1 Sept. was appointed one of the metropolitan commissioners in lunacy. He subsequently became inspector general of hospitals, and was made C.B. 16 Aug. 1850 (Gent. Mag. 1850, pt. ii. p. 317). He died at his house in Curzon Street, ​Mayfair, London, on 1 March 1857, aged 75 (ib. 1857, pt. i. p. 500).
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, Patrick (fl.1695)

​HUME, PATRICK (fl. 1695), commentator on Milton, said to have been a member of the family of Hume of Polwarth, Berwickshire, was a London schoolmaster. In 1695 he edited for Jacob Tonson the sixth edition of Milton's ‘Paradise Lost,’ in folio, with elaborate notes, and is said to have been the first to attempt exhaustive annotations on the works of an English poet. On the title-page he calls himself P. H. φιλοποιητῆς. Dr. Newton, in his preface to the edition of ‘Paradise Lost’ published in 1749, says: ‘Patrick Hume, as he was the first, so is the most copious annotator. He laid the foundation, but he laid it among infinite heaps of rubbish.’ Warton, however, called Hume's work ‘a large and very learned commentary’ (Pref. to Poems upon Several Occasions, by John Milton, edit. 1791). Callandar, who edited the first book of ‘Paradise Lost’ in 1750, plagiarised Hume's notes.
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hume, Lady Grizel

​HUME, Lady GRIZEL (1665–1746), poetess. [See Baillie, Lady Grizel.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lanquet, Thomas

1904 Errata appended.
​LANQUET or LANKET, THOMAS (1521–1545), chronicler, was born in 1521. He studied at Oxford, and devoted himself to historical research. He died in London in 1545 while engaged on a useful general history. Thomas Cooper [q. v.], afterwards bishop of Winchester, completed it, and it was published in 1549 by Berthelet under the title of 'An Epitome of Cronicles conteining the whole Discourse of the Histories as well of this realme of England, as all other countreis … gathered out of most probable auctors, fyrst, by T. L., from the beginnyng of the world to the Incarnacion of Christ, and now finished and continued to the reigne of … Kynge Edwarde the Sixt by T. Cooper,' b.l. 4to. This history is generally known as 'Cooper's Chronicle,' and preserves many curious traditions. Under the year 1552 it is noted that then 'one named Johannes Faustius fyrst founde the craft of printinge, in the citee of Mens in Germanie.' The subsequent editions of the 'Chronicle' are mentioned under Cooper, Thomas. Wood also assigns to Lanquet a 'Treatise of the Conquest of Bulloigne,' but it does not seem to have survived, if indeed it was ever printed.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, i. 149; Lowndes's Bibl. Manual; Notes and Queries, 1st ser. viii. 494.]
W. A. J. A.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.177 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 139 | ii | 32 | Lanquet, Thomas: for 1552 read 1452 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lansdowne, Marquises of

​LANSDOWNE, Marquises of. [See Petty and Petty-Fitzmaurice.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lant, Thomas

​LANT, THOMAS (1556?–1600), herald and draughtsman, born in or about 1556, was originally a servant to Sir Philip Sidney. He entered the College of Arms as Portcullis pursuivant in 1588, and was created Windsor herald 22 Oct. 1597, though his patent was not issued till 19 Nov. 1600. According to Noble he died in the latter year.
His works are:
* 'Sequitur celebritas & pompa funeris [of Sir Philip Sidney], quemadmodū a Clarencio Armorum et Insignium rege instituta est, una cum varietate ​vestimentorum, quibus pro loco et gradu cujusq; epullatis singuli utebantur. Delineatū … hoc opus … est a T. Lant, insculptum deinde in ære a D. T. De'bri j. Here followeth the manner of the whole proceeding of his funerall,' &c., London, 1587, oblong folio. It is dated at the end 1588. The work, which is of extreme rarity, consists of thirty-four engraved copperplates, forming a long roll, with a description in Latin and English. Among the portraits is one of Lant himself, which has been republished. A copy of the work, which was purchased at Richard Gough's sale for 39l. 18s. by Sir Joseph Banks, is now in the British Museum.
* 'The Armory of Nobility, &c., first gathered and collected by Robert Cooke, alias Clarenceux, and afterwards corrected and amended by Robert Glover, alias Somerset, and lastly copyed and augmented by T. Lant, alias Portcullis,' 1589, Sloane MS. 4959.
* 'A Catalogue of all the Officers of Arms, shewing how they have risen by degrees, &c., which order hath been observed long before the time of King Edward IV unto this year 1595,' Lansdowne MS. 80.
* 'Lant's Roll,' manuscript in the College of Arms. It has been continued by some other herald to the accession of Charles II.
One Thomas Lant, probably the same, published 'Daily Exercise of a Christian; gathered out of the Scripture, against the Temptations of the Deuil,' London, 1590, 16mo; 1623, 12mo.
[Dallaway's Heraldry, p. 259; Granger's Biog. Hist. of England, 5th edit. i. 331; Richardson's Portraits, pt. iii.; Noble's College of Arms, pp. 176, 186; Ames's Typogr. Antiq. (Herbert), pp. 962, 1680; Bromley's Cat. of Engr. Portraits, p. 42; Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 1310; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Gough's Brit. Topogr. i. 613; Moule's Bibl. Herald. p. 34.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lanier, John

​LANIER, Sir JOHN (d. 1692), military commander, distinguished himself in the troop of English auxiliaries which served some time in France under the Duke of Monmouth, and he lost an eye while engaged in that service. He succeeded Sir Thomas Morgan as governor of Jersey, and was knighted. His rule is said to have been despotic. At the accession of James II he was recalled, and put in command of a regiment of horse; he was colonel of the queen's regiment of horse, now the 1st dragoon guards, in 1687 (Harl. MS. 4847, f. 5), and he became lieutenant-general in 1688. He declared for William III, and was despatched to Scotland to take Edinburgh Castle, which surrendered to him on 12 June 1689 (Luttrell, Brief Historical Relation, i. 479, 533, 547). He subsequently did excellent service in the reduction of Ireland, but he had much trouble with the majority of his regiment, who inclined to James II, and frequently disagreed with his brother officers (ib. i. 597, 613, ii. 170). On the evening of 15 Feb. 1689–90 he marched from Newry towards Dundalk, then strongly garrisoned by the Irish, with a thousand troops. The next morning, deeming it useless to make an attack on the town, he burnt a great part of the suburbs on the west side. At the same time a party of Leviston's dragoons, under his direction, took Bedloe Castle, and a prize of about fifteen hundred cows and horses (Harris, Life of William III, p. 249). At the battle of the Boyne, on 1 July 1690, Lanier was at the head of his regiment. He was also present at the siege of Limerick in the following August (ib. ii. 210), at Lanesborough Pass in December 1690 with Kirke (Story, Impartial History, p. 48), and at the battle of Aughrim on 12 July 1691 (Boyer, ii. 264). Lanier was to have had a command under the Duke of Leinster; but on 26 Dec. William offered him a pension of 1,500l. a year on condition that he resigned his commission (Luttrell, ii. 190, 239, 323). Lanier refused to retire, and in April 1692 the king appointed him one of his generals of horse in Flanders, though his health was fast failing. He was badly wounded at the battle of Steenkirk on 3 Aug. 1692, and died a few days afterwards. He was a bachelor.
[Falle's Jersey (Durell), pp. 133, 398; Boyer's Life of William III, ii. 178, 181; Macaulay's Hist. ch. xvi. xix.; will reg. in P. C. C. 187, Fane.]
G. G.