OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1996-04-24/Chapter 11A

Chapter 11A
Volkstaat Council
Provision for establishment of Volkstaat Council
184A. (1) The establishment of a Volkstaat Council is hereby authorised.
(2) The Council shall consist of 20 members elected by members of Parliament who support the establishment of a Volkstaat for those who want it.
(3) The Council shall conduct its affairs according to rules made by the Council.
Functions of Council
184B. (1) The Council shall serve as a constitutional mechanism to enable proponents of the idea of a Volkstaat to constitutionally pursue the establishment of such a Volkstaat, and shall for this purpose be competent—
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(2) The procedures to be followed by the Council in the performance of its functions under subsection (1), shall be prescribed by an Act of Parliament.
(3) The procedures provided for in this Constitution with regard to the finalisation of provincial boundaries, shall not be construed as precluding the establishment of such a Volkstaat, and in the event of the acceptance of the concept of a Volkstaat, alternative provision shall be made by an Act of Parliament for the finalisation of the boundaries of any affected province or provinces.
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1996-03-29/Schedule 6

Schedule 6
Legislative Competences of Provinces
Agriculture
Abbatoirs
Airports, other than international and national airports
Animal control and diseases
Casinos, racing, gambling and wagering
Consumer protection
Cultural affairs
Education at all levels, excluding university and technikon education
Environment
Health services
Housing
Indigenous law and customary law
Language policy and the regulation of the use of official languages within a province, subject to section 3
Local government, subject to the provisions of Chapter 10
Markets and pounds
Nature conservation, excluding national parks, national botanical gardens and marine resources
Police, subject to the provisions of Chapter 14
Provincial public media
Provincial sport and recreation
Public transport
Regional planning and development
Road traffic regulation
Roads
Soil conservation
Tourism
Trade and industrial promotion
Traditional authorities
Urban and rural development
Welfare services
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1996-03-29/Schedule 7

Schedule 7
# Confiteor

The Confiteor is a prayer used in several Christian liturgies, requesting God's forgiveness from sins.
English-language translations of Confiteor include:
* "Confiteor" in The Little Book of the Most Holy Child Jesus, 1876.
* "The Confiteor" in A Manual of Prayers for the Use of the Catholic Laity, 1889.
* "The General Confession" in The Army and Navy Hymnal, 1920.
# Conflict

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Conflict."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.

## Novels

* The Conflict (1903), a novel by Mary Elizabeth Braddon
* Conflict (1922), a novel by Clarence Budington Kelland
* The Conflict (1911), a novel by David Graham Phillips
* Conflict (1927), a novel by Olive Higgins Prouty
* Conflict (1907), a novel by Constance Smedley

## Poems

* Conflict, a poem by Anna Shipton
* Conflict, a poem by Gladys Cromwell
# Conflict (Prouty)

TO J. C. P.
   * Chapter 1
   * Chapter 2
   * Chapter 3
   * Chapter 4
   * Chapter 5
   * Chapter 6
   * Chapter 7
   * Chapter 8
   * Chapter 9
   * Chapter 1
   * Chapter 2
   * Chapter 3
   * Chapter 4
   * Chapter 5
   * Chapter 1
   * Chapter 2
   * Chapter 3
   * Chapter 4
   * Chapter 5
   * Chapter 6
   * Chapter 7
   * Chapter 8
   * Chapter 9
   * Chapter 1
   * Chapter 2
   * Chapter 3
   * Chapter 4
   * Chapter 5
   * Chapter 6
   * Chapter 7
   * Chapter 8
   * Chapter 9
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1974, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 49 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linné, Karl von

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINNÉ (lin'nā), KARL VON, commonly Linnæus, the greatest botanist of his age; born in Rashult, Sweden, May 13, 1707. He was the son of a clergyman; educated at the grammar school of Wexiö. He entered the University of Lund, where his botanical tastes were encouraged; and removed to Upsala in 1728, where he undertook the supervision of the botanic garden, and became assistant to the botanist Rudbeck. Aided by the Academy of Sciences at Upsala Linné made a journey through Lapland, the result of his travels was “Flora Lapponica,” published in 1735. In this year he went to the University of Harderwyk in Holland and took an M. D. degree; afterward visited Leyden, where he published the first sketch of his “Systema Naturæ” and “Fundamenta Botanica.” In 1736 he visited England, went to Paris in 1738, and afterward settled in Stockholm as a physician. He became Professor of Medicine at Upsala in 1741, and then of botany and natural history; was made a Knight of the Polar Star with the rank of nobility. The great merit of Linné as a botanist was that he arranged plants on a simple system of sexual relationship and prepared the way for the more natural and satisfactory classification which has superseded the Linnæan system. Among his works are “Genera Plantarum” (1737); “Classes Plantarum” (1738); “Flora Suecica” (1745); “Fauna Suecica” (1746); “Philosophia Botanica” (1751); and the “Species Plantarum” (1753). He died in Upsala, Jan. 10, 1778.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Lincoln (Rhode Island)

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINCOLN, a city of Rhode Island, in Providence co. Its industries include the manufacture of dyes, and the bleaching of cotton cloth. It has a beautiful park. Pop. (1910) 9,825; (1920) 9,543.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linen

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINEN, a general name for a cloth of very extensive use, made of flax, and differing from cloths made of hemp only in its fineness. The manufacture of linen is of so ancient a date that its origin is unknown. At a very early period linen cloths were made in Egypt, the cloth wrappings of the mummies being all composed of this substance. In the time of Herodotus linen was exported from Egypt; it also formed the dress of the Egyptian priests, who wore it at all their religious ceremonies; hence they were called “linen wearing” by Ovid and Juvenal. Linen passed from Egypt to the Romans, but not till the time of the emperors, when the Roman priests began to wear linen garments. Linen was also used as a material for writing; the Sibylline books, and the mummy bandages covered with hieroglyphics, are instances of this use of the fabric. Linen and woolen cloths formed the only material for dresses during the Middle Ages; and fine linen was held in very high estimation, the manufacture being carried to the greatest perfection in
Germany and Brabant. Cotton, on account of its cheapness, has taken the place of linen for many purposes; but the best paper cannot be manufactured without linen. About the middle of the 18th century the inventions of Hargreaves and Arkwright were first applied to the manufacture of linen at Leeds. The manufacture of linen was first introduced into the United States by the establishment of a large mill at Fall River, Mass., in 1834.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linköping

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINKÖPING (ling'che-ping), one of the oldest towns in Sweden, capital of East Gothland and the seat of its bishop. The Romanesque cathedral, which dates from the 12th century, is one of the finest churches in Sweden. Since 1887 Linköping has had direct communication for vessels with the Baltic, and now exports timber and gilded moldings. Pop. (1918) 25,930.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linotype

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINOTYPE, a machine, operated by finger-keys, which automatically produces and assembles, ready for the press or stereotyping table, type metal bars, each bearing, properly justified, the type characters to print an entire line, the linotype is the invention of Ottmar Mergenthaler. Beginning in 1876, he
perfected his device in 1886, the first newspaper to use it being the New York “Tribune.” The device has since been greatly improved by means of spacing facilities, etc., and is adapted for book work as well as for newspapers. Its manipulation may be roughly approximated to that of a typewriter. The linotype does not set type. It produces a slug or line of metal upon which the characters to be printed stand out after the fashion of reading matter for the blind.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linlithgow

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINLITHGOW, an ancient royal burgh, the county-town of Linlithgowshire, Scotland; 16 miles W. of Edinburgh. Linlithgow Palace, mostly rebuilt between 1425 and 1628, was fired by Hawley's dragoons in 1746. It was the birthplace of James V. and Mary Stuart.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linnæan System

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINNÆAN SYSTEM, the sexual system of botany introduced by Linnæus, which, though unequaled for the aid it affords in finding the name of a flower, yet labors under the fatal defect that it is purely artificial. Previous to his time, Jung, rector of the gymnasium at Hamburg, who died in 1657, had introduced the Latin botanical nomenclature. Tournefort, who died in 1708, had been the first to classify plants into strictly defined genera. It remained for Linnæus to arrange them and define the several genera and species scientifically. He
divided the vegetable kingdom into 24 classes.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Lincoln (Nebraska)

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINCOLN, a city, capital of the State of Nebraska, and county-seat of Lancaster co.; on the Burlington Route, the Union Pacific, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, the Chicago and Northwestern and the Missouri Pacific railroads; midway between Chicago and Denver, and 55 miles S. W. of Omaha. It is a wholesale and jobbing center for parts of six States, and manufactures mattresses, upholstery and worked lumber. It is the seat of the State University, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Cotner
University, and Union College; contains the State Penitentiary, Insane Hospital, Home for the Friendless, several hospitals and sanitariums; and has National and State banks; electric light and street railroad plants; daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. Pop. (1910) 43,973; (1920) 54,948.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Lingard, John

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINGARD, JOHN, an English historian; born in Winchester, England, Feb. 5, 1771. He was educated at the college of Douay, in France, and on its removal to England, during the French Revolution, accompanied it there. The work on which his fame rests is his “History of England from the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of William and Mary in 1688”; the first edition of which appeared between 1819-1825. It was subsequently considerably enlarged and is esteemed one of the best text-books on English history. He was author also of the “History and Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church.” The dignity of cardinal was offered to Lingard, and declined. He died in Hornby, Lancashire, England, July 17, 1851.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linnet

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINNET, a very common and well-known song-bird, frequenting all Europe S. of 64°, and in Asia extending to Turkestan. It is a winter visitor to Egypt and Abyssinia, and is found in great numbers in Barbary, the Canaries, and Madeira. In autumn and winter the plumage is brown; in the breeding season the breast and head of both sexes becomes a crimson-red, varying only in degree. The (later) generic and specific names have reference to the fondness of the bird for the seeds of flax and hemp. It is popularly known, according to its sex and the season of the year, as the red, gray, or brown linnet.
# Cooper v. Schlesinger

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
111 U.S. 148
Cooper v. Schlesinger
A. G. Riddle and Henry E. Davis, for plaintiffs in error.
H. L. Terrell, for defendants in error.
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cooper v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
280 U.S. 409
Cooper v. United States
Argued: Jan. 15, 1930. --- Decided: Feb 24, 1930
Mr. Wayne Johnson, of New York City, for petitioner.
The Attorney General and Mr. Charles E. Hughes, Jr., Sol. Gen., of Washington, D. C., for the United States.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cooperation

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Cooperation."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* "Cooperation in England" by George Iles in Popular Science Monthly, 17 (October 1880)
* "Co-operation," by Aneurin Williams in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)
* "Co-operation," in Collier's New Encyclopedia, New York: P. F. Collier & Son Co. (1921)
* "Coöperation," by Leonard Sidney Woolf in Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed., 1922)
# Cooper v. Pitchess/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
364 U.S. 294
Cooper v. Pitchess
The motion to dismiss is granted and the appeal is dismissed. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for writ of certiorari, certiorari is denied.
The CHIEF JUSTICE and Mr. Justice BLACK are of the opinion that probable jurisdiction should be noted.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cooper v. Reynolds

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
77 U.S. 308
Cooper v. Reynolds
ERROR to the Circuit Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, the case being thus:
The code of Tennessee of 1857-8, under its chapter on ATTACHMENTS, thus provides:
§ 3455. Any person having a debt or demand due at the commencement of an action; or a plaintiff after action for any cause has been brought, and either before or after judgment, may sue out an attachment at law or in equity against the property of a debtor or defendant in the following cases:
2. Where he is about to remove or has removed himself from the State.
5. Where he absconds or is absconding or concealing himself or property.
§ 3462. Attachments sued out in aid of a suit already brought shall be made returnable to the court or justice before whom the suit is pending.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Constitution of Hawaii

* related portals: Hawaii, Constitutional documents.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
* 1840 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii
* 1852 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii
* 1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii
* 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii
* 1893 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii (draft)
* 1894 Constitution of the Republic of Hawaii
* 1950 Constitution of the State of Hawaii
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Mammoth Cave

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​MAMMOTH CAVE, a cavern near Green river, Edmonson co., Ky., about 85 miles S. S. W. of Louisville. The cave is about 10 miles long, but it requires upward of 150 miles of traveling to explore its multitudinous avenues, chambers, grottoes, rivers, and cataracts. The main cave is 4 miles long, from 40 to 300 feet wide, and rises in height to 125 feet. The most interesting features of the cave are: The Chief City or Temple, covering an area of about four acres, and having a dome of solid rock 120 feet high; the Star Chamber, about 500 feet long by 70 feet wide, with a ceiling 70 feet high, consisting of black gypsum dotted with many white points which, when the chamber is lighted, have all the appearance ​of stars; Silliman's avenue, 1½ miles long, 20 to 200 feet wide, and 20 to 40 feet high; Cleveland's Cabinet, an arch 50 feet wide, 10 feet high, and 2 miles long, covered with a variety of formations in all sorts of shapes and of many colors; the Maelstrom Abyss and Bottomless Pit, each of which is 20 feet wide and about 175 feet deep, and the river Styx, 450 feet long and crossed by a natural bridge about 30 feet high. The cave contains various kinds of animals, and there are also found lizards, crickets, frogs, bats, and different sorts of fish. The latter include the famous eyeless fish, which are white in color. The Mammoth Cave is supposed to have been discovered in 1809. The atmosphere is pure and healthful and there is a temperature throughout the year of about 59°. It is visited annually by many sightseers.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manabi

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​MANABI, province of Ecuador, of which the capital is Puerto Viejo. Adjuts on the coast and produces cacao, sugar, and other agricultural products. Pop. about 65,000.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manacle Rocks

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​MANACLE ROCKS, a dangerous reef on the S. coast of Cornwall, England, not far from Lizard Head and near the town of Falmouth. They are barely visible, except at low water, and there is no warning of their presence to the mariner except a bell buoy. Many wrecks have occurred here.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manchester (Conn.)

* related portals: Connecticut.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, travel guide, Wikidata item.
Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
MANCHESTER, a town in Hartford co., Conn.; on the Hockanum river and on the New York, New Haven, and Hartford and South Manchester railroads. There is a public library, high school, electric street railroad, and electric lights, and several newspapers. It has extensive manufacturing plants, including the great Cheney silk mills, paper mills, cotton and woolen mills, electrical supply works, etc. The town was reincorporated in 1907 and has the commission form of government. Pop. (1910) 13,641; (1920) 18,370.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manchester

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
MANCHESTER, a city in Lancaster co., England; on the Irwell, an affluent of the Mersey, 31 miles E. of Liverpool. Including Salford, a suburban town on the W. bank of the Irwell, it stands in a large plain, covering over 3,000 acres, surrounded with hills except on the W., and is the center of the cotton trade of Great Britain, and one of the principal manufacturing cities in the world. The Irk and the Medlock join the Irwell near the town, and are of the greatest advantage to it. The Manchester Ship Canal (q. v.) has greatly developed the city's industrial importance. Factories and warehouses are numerous and of gigantic proportions. The principal among its public buildings are the Exchange, built in the Doric style; the Town Hall, an elegant building of Ionic architecture, formed on the model of the Temple of Erectheus at Athens, and the Corn Exchange. It has also several educational institutions, one of which, the college founded by Humphrey Chatham in 1665, contains a large library. There are besides, several public libraries and a number of associations for promoting literature and science. It is as a manufacturing city that Manchester derives its importance, being the great center of the cotton manufacture of England. Besides the population connected with the factories, which almost absorb the plain goods trade, the principal articles manufactured are velvets, fustians, dimities, calicoes, checks, tickings, jeans, shirtings, ginghams, quiltings, handkerchiefs, nankeens, diapers, muslinets, muslins, cambrics, and almost every kind of fancy cotton and silk goods. The spinning trade is extensive, and considerable quantities of yarn are annually exported. Manchester derives considerable advantages from the almost inexhaustible coal fields in its neighborhood, and from the canals and railways which connect it with different parts of the country and the E. and W. seaboard. The climate of Manchester is very healthy, despite the disadvantage of the prevalence of smoke arising from the number of factories, etc. Pop. about 775,000.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manchester Ship Canal

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
MANCHESTER SHIP CANAL, connecting Manchester, England, with the open sea by means of ship traffic. The project was first sanctioned by Parliament in 1885. Work began in 1887. The ceremony of opening it to traffic was performed in 1894. The canal is 35 miles long, and the expenditure was over $60,000,000. One of its interesting features is a swing aqueduct, which, including the water contained in it, weighs 1,600 tons, this being the first of its kind ever constructed.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Man, Isle of

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​MAN, ISLE OF. See Isle of Man.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manchester (N. H.)

* related portals: New Hampshire.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, travel guide, Wikidata item.
Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
MANCHESTER, a city and one of the county-seats of Hillsboro co., N. H.; on the Merrimae river and on several branches of the Boston and Maine railroad; 56 miles N. of Boston. It derives water power for manufacturing from the Amoskeag Falls in the Merrimae, by means of a system of canals. There are
the Elliott and Sacred Heart Hospitals, the Woman's Aid Home, United States Government Building, public library, high school, and training school. The city has waterworks supplied by gravity from Lake Massabesic, electric light and street railroad plants, several National banks, daily and weekly newspapers, and more than 30 churches. The chief industrial plants are the great Amoskeag, Stark, Manchester, and Amory cotton mills. The city also has manufactories of locomotives, fire engines, machinery, hosiery, shoes, etc. Pop. (1910) 70,063; (1920) 78,384.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Manaar, Gulf of

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​MANAAR (mä-när′), GULF OF, an inlet of salt water lying between Ceylon and the Madras coast, and closed on the N. by a low reef of rocks and islands called Adam's Bridge. Its extreme width is nearly 200 miles. The gulf is famous for its pearl fisheries.
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 9

Chapter 9 Other Constitutional Institutions
Cultural Councils
70.
Establishment of and principles governing Commissioner for Environment
71.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Powers and functions
72.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(2)
Obligations of provincial organs of state
73.
(1)
(2)
​Reports by the Commissioner
74.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Appointment
75.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(3)
Tenure
76.
Removal and suspension
77.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2)
(a)
(b)
​Establishment of and principles governing Commissioner for Children
78.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Powers and duties
79.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
Appointment and removal
80.