OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Crozier, Francis Rawdon Moira

​CROZIER, FRANCIS RAWDON MOIRA (1796?–1848), captain in the navy, entered the navy in 1810; served in the Hamadryad and Briton with Captain Sir Thomas Staines; in the Meander, guardship in the Thames, and Queen Charlotte, guardship at Portsmouth; passed his examination in 1817, and in 1818 went to the Cape of Good Hope as mate of the Doterel sloop. On his return to England in 1821 he was appointed to the Fury, discovery ship, with Captain William Edward Parry [q. v.] In the Fury and afterwards in the Hecla he accompanied Captain Parry in his three Arctic voyages, 1821–7; his services being rewarded by a lieutenant's commission, bearing date 2 March 1826. From 1831 to 1835 he served in the Stag on the coast of Portugal, and in December 1835 joined the Cove, ​commanded by Captain James Clark Ross [q. v.], his shipmate in the Fury and the Hecla. The Cove made a summer voyage to Davis Strait and Baffin's Bay in 1836, and on 10 Jan. 1837 Crozier was promoted to be commander. On 11 May 1839 he was appointed to the Terror, in which he accompanied Captain Ross in his voyage to the Antarctic Ocean, from which they both happily returned in September 1843. Crozier had been during his absence advanced to post rank, 16 Aug. 1841, and, after a short stay at home, was again, 8 March 1845, appointed to the Terror for Arctic exploration under the orders of Sir John Franklin [q. v.], who commissioned the Erebus at the same time. The two ships sailed from England on 19 May 1845. On 26 July they were spoken by the Prince of Wales whaler, at the head of Baffin's Bay, waiting for an opportunity to cross the middle ice; and for many years nothing further was heard of them, or known of their fate. It was not till 1859 that the private expedition under the command of Captain (now Admiral Sir Leopold) McClintock found the record which sadly told their story (McClinktock, Fate of Sir John Franklin, 5th ed. 1881, p. 246). After a very prosperous voyage, and the discovery of the long-looked-for north-west passage, the ships were beset on 12 Sept. 1846. By the death of Sir John Franklin on 11 June 1847 the command had devolved on Crozier. On 22 April 1848, the provisions running short, the ships were deserted. The men, officers and crews, numbering in all 105, landed on the 25th in lat. 69° 37′ 42″ N., long. 98° 41′ W., and—it was added in Crozier's writing—‘start to-morrow, 26th, for Back's Fish River.’ They all perished by the way. With a very few exceptions, no trace even of the bones of the dead has been found (ib. p. 312). Stories have indeed been told of white men living among the Eskimos many years afterwards. It is perhaps possible that some of the crews of wrecked whalers may from time to time have so survived; but the supposition that Crozier or any of his companions lived in this way is pronounced by McClintock to be ‘altogether untenable.’
[O'Byrne's Nav. Biog. Dict.; Sir John Richardson's Polar Regions, 156–202.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cruikshank, Isaac (1756?-1811?)

​CRUIKSHANK, ISAAC (1756?–1811?), caricaturist and water-colour painter, born about 1756, was the son of a lowlander, who at one time held an appointment in the custom-house at Leith, and after the disasters of the '45 took to art as a profession. Left an orphan at an early age Cruikshank also became an artist, earning a precarious subsistence as a book illustrator, water-colour painter, and political ​caricaturist of the Gillray and Rowlandson type. Two examples of his water-colours, ‘The Lost Child’ and ‘The Child Found,’ are included in the William Smith gift to the South Kensington Museum, and he appears to have exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1789–90 and 1792. In 1791 his signature as designer is affixed to ‘Mrs. Thrale's Breakfast Table,’ the frontispiece to a book entitled ‘Witticisms and Jests of Dr. Samuel Johnson.’ One of the earliest of his political squibs, according to Wright (History of Caricature and Grotesque, 1865, p. 488), is entitled ‘A Republican Belle,’ and dated 10 March 1794. Many of his subsequent plates, e.g. ‘The Royal Extinguisher’ (Pitt putting out the flames of sedition), 1795; ‘Billy's Raree Show,’ 1797; ‘The Watchman of the State,’ 1797; ‘The British Menagerie,’ 1798; ‘John Bull troubled with the Blue Devils’ (taxes), 1799; and ‘A Flight across the Herring Pond’ (Irish fugitive patriots descending upon England), 1800, had a vogue hardly inferior to that of Gillray. Others of his designs, such as the well-known ‘The Rage; or, Shepherds, I have lost my Waist,’ 1794, were purely social, or dealt with the enormities of fashion. His latest political effort is dated 19 April 1810, and is entitled ‘The Last Grand Ministerial Expedition.’ It relates to the riot on the arrest of Sir Francis Burdett for a libellous letter in Cobbett's ‘Register,’ and ‘shows,’ says Mr. Wright, ‘that Cruikshank was at this time caricaturing on the radical side in politics.’ He also did numerous illustrations and humorous designs for Laurie & Whittle of 53 Fleet Street, and etched many lottery tickets. Soon after he settled in London he married a Miss Mary Macnaughten, who came of a Perth family. Beyond the fact that he was a volunteer, and the father of George and Isaac Robert Cruikshank [q. v.], little more is known of him. His death, which was accelerated by habits of intemperance, is supposed to have taken place in 1810 or 1811.
[Jerrold's Life of George Cruikshank, 2nd edit. 1883; Redgrave; Wright's Hist. of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and Art, 1865.]
A. D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Croxton, Thomas

​CROXTON, THOMAS (1603?–1663?), parliamentarian, son of George Croxton of Ravenscroft, Northwich Hundred, Cheshire, by Judith, daughter of William Hassal of Burland in the same county, was born about 1603. He was colonel in the parliamentary army in 1650; militia commissioner for Chester the same year; member of a court-martial for trial of certain misdemeanants of quality on 10 Sept. 1651, and was continued in the militia commission in March 1654–5. In 1659 he was in command of Chester Castle when Sir George Booth's rising took place. The rebels entered the town and called upon him to surrender. He is said to have replied ‘that as perfidiousness in him was detestable, so the castle which he kept for the parliament of England was disputable, and if they would have it they must fight for it, for the best blood that ran in his veins in defence thereof should be as sluices to fill up the castle trenches.’ He held out for about three weeks, when he was relieved by Lambert shortly after the battle at Northwich. The garrison was then in some distress for want of food. On 17 Sept. the House of Commons voted Croxton a reward for his services. He continued irreconcilable to royalism after the Restoration, and in 1663 was arrested and secured in Chester Castle on a charge of ‘plotting a general rebellion.’ He probably soon died there. Croxton married Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Holland of Denton, Lancashire. His son, George Croxton, succeeded him, and died in 1690.
Ormerod's Cheshire, ed. Helsby, iii. 206–8; Mercurius Politicus, 28 July–17 Sept. 1659.]
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dougharty, John

​DOUGHARTY, JOHN (1677–1755), mathematician, was an Irishman, and kept a writing and arithmetic school at Worcester for fifty-five years. He also taught the higher branches of mathematics. His ‘General Gauger,’ 12mo, London, 1750, came to a sixth edition in the same year. Another work from his pen was ‘Mathematical Digests, containing the Elements and Application of Geometry and plain Trigonometry … with a Supplement, containing Tables for finding the Mean Times of the Moon's Phases and Eclipses.’ He died at Worcester 11 Jan. 1755, aged 78, and was buried in the centre of the area of the cloisters of the cathedral. His two sons, Joseph and John, were successful surveyors. The former published an accurate ichnography of the cathedral, reproduced in Thomas's ‘Survey,’ 1736; while ​John is known by his plan of Worcester, 1742, a drawing of the guildhall of that city, and ‘an exact plan’ of Kidderminster, 1753.
[Chambers's Biographical Illustrations of Worcestershire, pp. 343–4; Gough's British Topography, ii. 390, 391.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Doughtie, John

1904 Errata appended.
​DOUGHTIE or DOUGHTY, JOHN (1598–1672), divine, born in 1598 at Martley, near Worcester, was educated at Worcester grammar school, and in 1613 was sent to Merton College, Oxford. After he had taken his bachelor's degree, he was in 1619 the successful one of three candidates for a fellowship, one of his competitors being Blake, subsequently admiral. Having obtained his master's degree in 1622, he became a clergyman, and was very popular and successful as a preacher. In 1631 he served as proctor for four months, when he was removed by order of the king for hearing an appeal from the decision of the vice-chancellor, and about the same time he was appointed chaplain to the Earl of Northumberland. In 1633 he was instituted to the college living of Lapworth in Warwickshire, which, to avoid sequestration and imprisonment, he abandoned at the commencement of the civil war, and joined the king's forces at Oxford. Shortly afterwards the Bishop of Salisbury (b. rian Duppa) gave him the living of St. Edmund's, Salisbury, which he held for two years, until the defeat of the royal army in the west rendered it necessary for him to seek shelter, which he found in the house of Sir Nathaniel Brent in Little Britain, London. After the Restoration he petitioned the king for a vacant prebend in Westminster Abbey, on the ground that when prevented from preaching he had ‘justified the cause of the king and the church’ by his pen. He was appointed to the prebend in July 1660, made D.D. next October, and in 1662 was presented to the rectory of Cheam in Surrey. He died in 1672, ‘having lived,’ says Wood, ‘to be twice a child,’ and was buried in the north side of Edward the Confessor's chapel in Westminster Abbey. His published writings are: 1. ‘Two Sermons on the Abstruseness of Divine Mysteries and on Church Schisms,’ 1628. 2. ‘The King's Cause rationally, briefly, and plainly Debated, as it stands de facto against the irrational Misprision of a Deceived People,’ 1644. 3. ‘Velitationes Polemicæ, or Polemical Short Discursion of certain Particular and Select Questions,’ 1651–2. 4. ‘Analecta Sacra; sive Excursus Philologici,’ &c., 1658.
[Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1660; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (b. liss), iii. 976, Fasti, i. 365, 459; Manning and Bray's Hist. of Surrey, ii. 479; Newcourt's Repert. i. 921; Lysons's Environs of London, i. 149.]
A. C. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.101 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 258 | i | 17 f.e. | Doughtie, John: for in 1672, read on 25 Dec. 1672, |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Douglas, Andrew (1736-1806)

​DOUGLAS, ANDREW (1736–1806), physician, was born in Teviotdale, Roxburghshire, in 1736, and educated at the university of Edinburgh. He began professional work as a surgeon in the navy in 1756, but returned to Edinburgh in 1775 and graduated M.D. He settled in London with the intention of practising midwifery, and was admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians 30 Sept. 1776. He published ‘De Variolæ Insitione,’ Edinburgh, 1775; ‘Observations on an Extraordinary Case of Ruptured Uterus,’ London, 1785, and in 1789 ‘Observations on the Rupture of the Gravid Uterus.’ He grew rich by marriage, gave up practice, and travelled abroad. From 1792 to 1796 he had the misfortune to be detained a prisoner in France. In 1800 he left London for his native country, and settled in a country house which he had bought near Kelso. He died at Buxton 10 June 1806.
N. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Doughty, William

​DOUGHTY, WILLIAM (d. 1782), portrait-painter and mezzotint engraver, was a native of Yorkshire, who, after having etched a few portraits, was in 1775, on the introduction of the poet Mason, placed under the tuition of Sir Joshua Reynolds. He remained about three years in the house of Sir Joshua as his pupil, and from 1776 sent portraits, including a good three-quarter length of his patron, the Rev. William Mason, in 1778, to the exhibition of the Royal Academy. Northcote states that about this time, by the desire of Mason, he painted the portrait of the poet Gray (d. 1771) by description and the help of an outline of his profile, which had been taken by lamp-light when he was living. He etched this head as a frontispiece to Mason's edition of Gray's ‘Poems,’ published in 1778. On leaving Sir Joshua he went to Ireland as a portrait-painter, but was not successful, although highly recommended by his master. He returned to London much dispirited, and occupied himself in engraving in mezzotint heads after Sir Joshua Reynolds, most of which are dated 1779, the year in which he exhibited at the Royal Academy a picture of ‘Circe.’ In 1780 he married Margaret Joy, a servant girl in Sir Joshua's house, and with her started for Bengal; but the ship in which he sailed was captured by the combined squadrons of France and Spain. He was taken to Lisbon, where he died in 1782. His widow continued her voyage to India, where she had friends, but died just after her arrival.
Doughty was a mezzotint engraver of great power. His best plates are half-lengths of Dr. Johnson and the Rev. William Mason from paintings by Sir Joshua Reynolds, after whom he engraved also Admiral Viscount Keppel, Mrs. Swinburne, and Mary Palmer, Sir Joshua's niece, afterwards Marchioness of Thomond. He engraved, likewise after Sir Joshua, ‘Ariadne’ and a ‘Sleeping Child.’ There is also a head by him, apparently not quite finished, which is said to represent the artist himself, but this statement is somewhat doubtful.
[Northcote's Life of Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1818, ii. 33–4; Chaloner Smith's British Mezzotinto Portraits, 1878–83, i. 218–21; Catalogues of the Exhibition of the Royal Academy, 1776–1779.]
R. E. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Douglas, Archibald (1296?-1333)

​DOUGLAS, Sir ARCHIBALD (1296?–1333), regent of Scotland, youngest son of Sir William of Douglas, ‘the Hardy’ [q. v.], by his second wife, Eleanor of Lovain, and brother of Sir James Douglas, ‘the Good’ [q. v.], was one of the Scottish leaders during the minority of David II. He surprised and completely defeated Edward de Baliol, who had just been crowned king of Scotland, at Annan, on 16 Dec. 1332. He was appointed regent of Scotland in March 1333. The leadership of Douglas was impetuous rather than skilful, and lost the Scots the battle of Halidon, 19 July 1333. Douglas was slain there with many of his companions, including the son and successor of Sir James Douglas. Douglas married Beatrice, daughter of Sir Alexander Lindsay of Crawford, who was afterwards the wife of Sir Robert Erskine of Erskine, and so ancestress of the Erskines, earls of Mar. Their eldest son, John, dying young, their second son, William, became first earl of Douglas [q. v.], and their daughter Eleanor was five times married, becoming Countess of Carrick, and also ancestress of the lords Torphichen; her fifth husband was Sir Patrick Hepburn of Hailes, ancestor of the earls of Bothwell.
H. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Douglas, Alexander (1738-1812)

​DOUGLAS, Sir ALEXANDER (1738–1812), physician, son of Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie [q. v.], author of ‘The Peerage of Scotland,’ studied medicine at Leyden (1759), and was admitted M.D. of St. Andrews in 1760. He became a fellow of the ​Edinburgh College of Physicians, and also a licentiate of the London college in 1796. He was physician to the king's forces in Scotland (Jervise, l. c.), and lived at Dundee. He married Barbara, daughter of Carnegy of Finhaven. His only son, Robert, died in 1780. Thus the baronetcy became extinct by the death of Douglas on 28 Nov. 1812. He is said to have been ‘a physician of eminence,’ but he left no works.
G. T. B.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/ROWLEY,ThomasWilliam

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​ROWLEY, Thomas William (BATU GAJAH), District Treasurer; b. Sept. 21, 1859. Lieutenant, 2nd Regiment, Light Infantry, Royal Guernsey Militia, 1878; New Zealand Regular Forces, 1885; Land Office, Traig, 1890; assistant Collector of Land Revenue, Matang, 1891: acting Magistrate, Matang, 1892: assistant to District Magistrate, Kuala Kangsar, 1893; acting District Magistrate, Matang, 1894; acting Superintendent of Prisons, 1895; Demarcation Officer, 1896; assistant Collector of Land Revenue, Kinta, 1897; acting assistant Magistrate, Tanjong Malim, 1895; assistant Commissioner of Police, Selangor, 1899; acting Assistant of Police, Kinta, 1900; assistant Collector of Land Revenue, Seremban, 1901;. District Treasurer, Seremban and Batu Gajah, 1903, acting District Treasurer, Kuala Lumpur and at Taiping, 1903 and 1904; District Treasurer, Batu Gajah, 1906. Address: Batu Gajah, Perak, Federated Malay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/RUSSELL, John

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​RUSSELL, John ( PEKAN), Superintendent of Printing Department; 6. Jan. 16, 18oo. Government Planter, Selangor, Jan., 1890; in charge of Government Printing, Surgei Ujong, Jan., 1893; in charge of Government Printing, Negri Sembilan, 1896: in charge of Government Printing. Pahang, 1897:. Superintendent of Printing Dei artment, Federated Malay States, July, 19O4. Address: Pekan, Padang, Federated Malay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SANDRE, Auguste Marie

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​ SANDRE, Auguste Marie (ANNAM), Resident; Administrator, 2nd class; b. Dec. 30, 1866. Joined Indo-China Civil Service, Jan. 1, 1895; Administrator, 4th class, Jan. 1, 1895; Administrator, 3rd class, June J, 1895; Administrator, 2nd class, Oct. I-1900. Address: Annam, Indo-China.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SAVAGE, Victor Laurent

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​ SAVAGE, Victor Laurent ( HOIHOW), H B. M. Vice Consul. Appointed Student Interpreter in China, Aug. 29, 1894; acting Chief Clerk to Supreme Court, Shanghai 1897 to 1898; acting Consul at Swatow, 1899 and 1900; acting Consul at Pakhoi, 1900 to 1901; promoted 1st class assistant, April 5, 1902; acting Consul at Wuhu, 1902 and 1903: vice Consul, Hankow, ​1903; vice Consul at Hoihow, 1906. Address: H. B. M. Consulate, Hoihow, China.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SCHODA, Heigoro

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​ SCHODA, Heigoro (NAGASAKI), Merchant; b. in Oita-ken. Entered the Mitsu Bishi firm soon after its inception; now in charge of Nagasaki Dockyard owned by that firm. Address: Nagasaki, Japan.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SAINTENOY, Fernand Louis

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​ SAINTENOY, Fernand Louis (LAOS), Resident; Administrator, 1st class; b. Fob. 15, 1859. Joined Indo-China Civil Service, Jan. 20, 1883; Administrator, 4th class, June 17, 1887; Administrator, 3rd class, June 27, 1889; Administrator, 2nd class, July 1, 1895; Administrator, 1st class, Sept. 1, 1898; Decoration: Officier d'Academie. Address: Laos. Indo-China.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SASAKI, Count

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​ SASAKI, Count (TOKYO) Privy Councillor; b. Nov, 1830, at Tosa. Took active part in Restoration; since has been connected with Imperial Court; has charge of education of two of Emperor's daughters, Princesses Tsune and Kane; created Count, 1884. Address: Tokyo, Japan.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SANGUINETTI, William Roger

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​ SANGUINETTI, William Roger (KUALA LUMPUR), Federated Malay States Civil Service; b. Oct. 31, 1871. Jamaica Civil Service, 1894; assistant Engineer, Selangor, 1900; Supernumerary Engineer, Kuala Lumpur, Jan., 1901; acting District Engineer, Jan., 1901; ditto, Klang, July, 1901; acting Executive Engineer, Klang, Jan., 1902; assistant Engineer, Klang, Jure, 1902: acting Executive Engineer, Klang, Oct, 1903; assistant Engineer, Kuala Lumpur, May, 1904. Address: Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Federated Malay States.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SARWAR, Hafiz Ghulam

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​ SARWAR, Hafiz Ghulam (PENANG), Assistant Official Assignee. Cadet, Straits Settlements, Sept., 1897; acting 3rd Magistrate, Singapore, Jan. to June, 1900; and from Sept, 1900 to Nov.. 1901; passed final examination in Chinese, July. 1900; acting Sheriff, Deputy-Registrar and assistant Official Assignee, Penang, May, 1902. Address: Penang, Straits Settlements.
# Who's Who in the Far East/Addenda/SCOTT, James

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​ SCOTT, James (CANTON), I S. O.; H. B. M. Consular Service; 1st Student Interpreter in China, 1872; 1st class assistant, 1886; Vice-Consul in charge of shipping business, Shanghai, 1892: Senior Vice-Consul, 1893; Consul, Chinkiang, 1898; Swatow, 1899; I. S.O. 1905; Consul-General, Canton, 1902; resigned May, 1906 Address: c/o of Foreign Office, London.
# Washington Square, The Pension Beaurepas, A Bundle of Letters (2 volumes, London: Macmillan & Co., 1881)/Volume 2/A Bundle of Letters/Chapter 9

IX.
Miranda Hope to her Mother.
October 22d.
Dear Mother—
I am off in a day or two to visit some new country; I haven't yet decided which. I have satisfied myself with regard to France, and obtained a good knowledge of the language. I have enjoyed my visit to Madame de Maisonrouge deeply, and feel as if I were leaving a circle of real friends. Everything has gone on beautifully up to the end, and every one has been as kind and attentive as if I were their own sister, especially Mr. Verdier, the French gentleman, from whom I have gained more than I ever expected (in six weeks), and with whom I have promised to correspond. So you can imagine me dashing off the most correct French letters; and, if you don't believe it, I will keep the rough draft to show you when I go back.
​The German gentleman is also more interesting, the more you know him; it seems sometimes as if I could fairly drink in his ideas. I have found out why the young lady from New York doesn't like me! It is because I said one day at dinner that I admired to go to the Louvre. "Well, when I first came, it seemed as if I did admire everything!
Tell William Platt his letter has come. I knew he would have to write, and I was bound I would make him! I haven't decided what country I will visit yet; it seems as if there were so many to choose from. But I shall take care to pick out a good one, and to meet plenty of fresh experiences.
Dearest mother, my money holds out, and it is most interesting!
THE END.
Printed by R. & R. Clark, Edinburgh.
# Washington Square, The Pension Beaurepas, A Bundle of Letters (2 volumes, London: Macmillan & Co., 1881)/Volume 2/The Pension Beaurepas

THE PENSION BEAUREPAS.
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
# Where Highways Cross/Part 3

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PART THE THIRD
THE EVE OF THE WEDDING
* I. A HEART'S FIRST LOVE
* II. ANTICIPATIONS
* III. THE BLOW FALLS
* IV. HEPWORTH'S QUESTION
* V. TEMPTATION
* VI. WHERE HIGHWAYS CROSS
# Who's Who in the Far East/HILLIS, Rev. Lewis Bradley

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​ HILLIS, Rev. Lewis Bradley (MANILA), A.M.; Missionary; b. Oct. 5, 1876; in. Aug. 9, 1905, Ruby. G. Rhodes. Educ.: Emporia College; Princeton Seminary. Pastor, American Presbyterian Church, Sept. 13, 1902, to Feb., 1904; Assistant Pastor, 1904; Treasurer, Philippine Mission of Presbyterian Church. Club: Columbian. Address: 370, Calle Real, Malate, Manila, Philippine Islands.
# Who's Who in the Far East/HILL, Rev. Joseph Kimber

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​ HILL, Rev. Joseph Kimber (HANKOW), Wesleyan Minister; b. April 27, 1867; m. June 7, 1894, Helen Leak Booth. Educ.: The Leys School, Cambridge, England; Richmond College. Address: Wesleyau Mis-sion, Sui Chou, Hankow, China; York, England.