OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hurst, Henry

​HURST, HENRY (1629–1690), nonconformist divine, born at Mickleton, Gloucestershire, 31 March 1629, was son of Henry Hurst, vicar of Mickleton. He entered Merchant Taylors' School in October 1644, and proceeded to Oxford as a batler of Magdalen Hall about 1645. He submitted to the parliamentary visitors in 1648, and was made by them probationary fellow of Merton College in 1649. He graduated B.A. in 1649 and M.A. in 1652. Soon after the latter date he commenced to preach, and became known as a sharp disputant in the presbyterian interest, his ministry being exercised in London, Kent, and Gloucester. About 1660 he was elected by the parishioners of St. Matthew's, Friday Street, London, to the rectory of that parish, from which, in 1662, he was ejected, subsequently preached in conventicles, and was consequently more than once in trouble. He is stated to have anticipated restoration to his living as well as to a lectureship he had held at Highgate. After the indulgence of 1671 he preached openly in London and other places, and in 1675 he was made chaplain to the Earl of Anglesea. In 1678 he was, according to Wood, 'very active in aggravating the concerns' of 'the Popish plot,' and in 1683 is believed to have been implicated in the Rye House plot. After James II's indulgence he preached in the neighbourhood of Covent Garden. He died of apoplexy on 14 April 1690, and was buried in the churchyard of St. Paul, Covent Garden. His funeral sermon was preached by Richard Adams, M.A. His works show him to have been an earnest, clever, and pious man. The chief are:
* 'Three Sermons on Rom. vii. 7,' Oxford, 1659, 8vo.
* 'Three Sermons on the Inability of the highest, improved natural Man to attain a sufficient Knowledge of Indwelling Sin, 1660, 12mo.
* 'The Revival of Grace,' &c., London, 1678, 8vo (dedicated to his patron, Arthur, earl of Anglesea).
* 'Annotations upon Ezekielandthe Twelve Lesser Prophets' (in continuation of Matthew Poole's 'Annotations on the Holy Bible'), 1688.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, ii. 120, 171; Brodrick's Memorials of Merton Coll. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.),pp. 291, 361; Palmer's Nonconformist's Memorial, i. 163-4; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Robinson's Reg. Merchant Taylors' School, i. 164.]
A. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hurwitz, Hyman

​HURWITZ, HYMAN (1770–1844), professor of Hebrew in the university of London, born at Posen in Poland in 1770, was a learned Jew who came to England about 1800 and conducted a private academy for Jews at Highgate, where he established a close friendship with Coleridge and corresponded with him. In 1828 he was elected professor of the Hebrew language and literature at University College, London. His inaugural lecture was published. He died on 18 July 1844. He was author of:
* 'Vindiciae Hebraicae, being a Defence of the Hebrew Scriptures as a Vehicle of Revealed Religion, in Refutation of J. Bellamy,' 1820.
* 'Hebrew Tales from the Writings of the Hebrew Sages' 1826.
* 'Elements of the Hebrew Language,' 1829; 4th edition, 1848.
* 'The Etymology and Syntax of the Hebrew Language,' 1831; a first part on orthography appeared in 1807.
* 'A Grammar of the Hebrew Language,' 2 parts; 2nd edition, enlarged, 1835.
Hurwitz also wrote many Hebrew hymns, odes, elegies, and dirges. A Hebrew dirge, 'chaunted in the Great Synagogue, Aldgate, on the day of the Funeral of Princess Charlotte' was published in 1817, with an English translation in verse by Coleridge. 'The Knell,' another Hebrew elegy by Hurwitz on George III, appeared in an English translation by W. Smith at Thurso in 1827.
[Private information; Voice of Jacob, iii. 196 (22 Aug. 1844); Brit. Mus. Cat.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Huske, Ellis

See under Huske, John
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Huse, William

​HUSE, Sir WILLIAM (d. 1495), chief justice. [See Hussey.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Husk, William Henry

​HUSK, WILLIAM HENRY (1814–1887), historian of music and critic, was born in London on 4 Nov. 1814. From 1833 to 1886 he was clerk to a firm of solicitors. ​As an amateur, taught by his godfather J. B. Sale, he joined the Sacred Harmonic Society two years after its foundation in 1832; and in 1853 he was appointed honorary librarian, Husk held this post until the dissolution of the society in 1882. His care and energy greatly increased the value of the society's library (now in the possession of the Royal College of Music), and he published a 'Catalogue with a Preface,' London, 1862, 8vo; new edit. 'revised and greatly augmented' 8vo, 1872. Husk's prefaces to the word-books of the oratorios performed at the Sacred Harmonic concerts were written with knowledge and sympathy. He was also author of a pains taking 'Account of the Musical Celebrations on St. Cecilia's Day in the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries,' to which is appended a 'Collection of Odes on St. Cecilia's Day,' London, 1857, 8vo. His contributions to 'Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians' are very valuable. He edited, with notes, 'Songs of the Nativity; being Christmas Carols, Ancient and Modern, several of which appear for the first time in a Collection,' London, 1868, 8vo. Husk died, after a fortnight's illness, on 12 Aug. 1887.
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hadfield, George (1787-1879)

​HADFIELD, GEORGE (1787–1879), member of parliament and author, son of Robert Hadfield, manufacturer, by Anne, daughter of W. Bennett, was born at Sheffield 28 Dec. 1787. He served his articles with John Sherwood of Sheffield, and was admitted an attorney in January 1810. For over forty years he practised in Manchester, in partnership first with James Knight, next with James Grove, and lastly with his son, George Hadfield, jun. He contested Bradford in the liberal interest 12 Jan. 1835, but was defeated by John Hardy, the father of Lord Cranbrook. Subsequently Hadfield took a prominent part in the formation of the Anti-Cornlaw League. Many years of his life were spent in litigation and controversy respecting the alienation of Lady Hewley's and other charities, a dispute which was only settled by the passing of the Dissenters' Chapels Act of 1844. In the framing of this enactment he gave much assistance. On 7 July 1852 he was sent to parliament by his native town, and continued to represent it to 29 Jan. 1874. In parliament he acted with the advanced liberal party. He was a frequent speaker in the House of Commons, where his advice was much appreciated on questions of legal reform. He introduced the act relating to the registration of judgments, gave great help in passing the Common Law Procedure Act of 1854, and was the author of the Qualification for Offices Abolition Act of 1866. He was a prominent member of the congregational church. In 1864 he offered 1,000l. a year for five years on condition that during that time fifty independent chapels should be built. He afterwards repeated the offer with the same success. In association with Dr. Thomas Raffles and William Roley he established the Lancashire Independent College, first at Blackburn and then at Whalley Range, where in 1840 he laid the foundation-stone of the new building, and gave 2,000l. towards the cost of the erection. He was the editor of: 1. ‘The Report of H. M. Commissioners on Charities. With Notes and an Appendix by G. Hadfield,’ 1829. 2. ‘The Attorney-General versus Shore. An Historical Defence of the Trustees of Lady Hewley's Foundations. By the Rev. Joseph Hunter,’ 1834; this refers to Hadfield's notes on the report. 3. ‘The Debate on Church Reform,’ republished by Hadfield, 1867. 4. ‘The Expediency of Relieving the Bishops from Attendance in Parliament,’ 1870. He died at his residence, Victoria Park, Manchester, 21 April 1879, and his personalty was sworn under 250,000l. on 28 June. He married in 1814 Lydia, daughter of Samuel Pope of Cheapside, London.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hadfield, George (d.1826)

​HADFIELD, GEORGE (d. 1826), architect, was the son of an hotel-keeper at Leghorn in Italy, who is variously represented ​as an Irishman and a native of Shrewsbury. He studied in the schools of the Royal Academy, and in 1784 won the Academy gold medal for his 'Design for a National Prison.' Elected in 1790 to the travelling studentship, he went to Rome in that year. With Signor Colonna he made in 1791 drawings for a restoration of the temple at Palestrina, which are now in the collection of the Royal Institute of British Architects. These, with drawings of the temples of Mars and Jupiter Tonans, he exhibited at the Academy on his return to London in 1795. A drawing by him of the interior of St. Peter's, Rome, was much admired at the time. About 1800 he accepted an invitation to America to assist in the erection of the capitol at Washington. A dispute with the city commissioners led to his quitting this employment, but he continued to practise on his own account, and designed several buildings at Washington (Dunlap, Hist. of the Arts, &c., i. 336). Hadfield died in America in 1826. He was a brother of Mrs. Maria Cecilia Louisa Cosway [q. v.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haddington, Viscount

​HADDINGTON, Viscount. [See Ramsay, Sir John, d. 1626.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hadenham, Edmund of

​HADENHAM, EDMUND of (fl. 1307), chronicler, was a monk of Rochester, to whom is ascribed, on the authority of William Lambard, the Kentish topographer, an historical work preserved in the Cottonian Library (Nero, D. II.) in the British Museum. This manuscript, according to Wharton, contains a chronicle in one handwriting down to 1307, which is a copy of Matthew of Westminster, excepting that it contains a number of interspersed notices relating to the history of Rochester. These Rochester annals are printed in Wharton's 'Anglia Sacra,' i. 341-355 (1691). After 1307 there is a continuation in another hand, extending to 1377, but not dealing with Rochester affairs. The manuscript formerly belonged to John Joscelin, who, however, was ignorant of the authorship ('Catal. Hist.' in Robert of Avesbury, Hist. Edw. III, p. 293, ed. Hearne); and it may be presumed that Lambard, in attributing the work to Hadenham, had a different copy before him, which is not now known to exist.
[Wharton's Anglia Sacra, pref xxxi-xxxiii; Tanner's Bibl. Brit. p. 368.]
R. L. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haddock

​HADDOCK. [See also Haydock.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Haddon, James

​HADDON, JAMES (fl. 1556), divine, brother of Walter Haddon [q. v.], proceeded B.A. in 1541 and M.A. in 1544 at Cambridge, and was one of the original fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1546. In March 1550-1 he became a licensed preacher, and about the same time was chaplain to the Duke of Suffolk, and tutor to his daughter, Lady Jane Grey. Some interesting particulars of the household of his patron are given in his letters to Bullinger of Zurich (Orig. Lett. Parker Soc.) In August 1552 he was preferred to a prebend in Westminster, and in October was granted the deanery of Exeter, the patent of which was not signed till 8 Jan. in the following year Strype, Eccl. Mem. iv. 272-4). He left Suffolk's household with regret (Orig. Lett. p. 289). He preached before the court in Lent 1553, when, as Knox relates, 'he most learnedly opened the causes of the bypast plagues, affirming that worse were to follow unless repentance should shortly be found' (Laing, Knox, iii. 177). On the accession of Mary he was one of the six champions in the convocation of October 1553 who maintained the cause of the reformation in five days' disputation on the real presence. In the long contest Haddon got the better of Thomas Watson, afterwards bishop of Lincoln. (Haddon's part in this controversy is given briefly in Philpot's narrative, which was printed shortly after, and was reprinted by Foxe ; see Philpot, Examinations, Parker Soc. But a ​much more extensive account has been recently printed in Dixon's Hist.of Ch. of Engl. vol. iv., from the Foxii MSS. in the Harleian Library. This original is entitled 'Part of the Disputation upon the Sacrament, an. 1553, between Watson and Haddon.') In 1554 Haddon left England, with a letter to Bullinger from the imprisoned Hooper, in which Hooper highly commends him (Orig. Lett. p. 103). He went, however, not to Zurich, but to Strasburg, whence he forwarded Hooper's letter to Bullinger (ib. p. 291). To Bullinger he continued to write from Strasburg for two or three years down to March 1556. He complains of the poverty to which he was reduced in exile. The date of his death is unknown. His epitaph was written by his brother Walter (Poemata, p. 100), with whom he has been occasionally confounded (cf. Philpot, Examinations, published by the Parker Society). His name is omitted by Le Neve in the list of deans of Exeter, and he may perhaps never have entered upon that dignity. Among the manuscripts at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, is a letter 'De Matrimonio' addressed to him, probably by Bucer (Nasmith, Catalogue, p. 134).
[Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. i. 164, 549; works cited.]
R. W. D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hadfield, Charles

​HADFIELD, CHARLES (1821–1884), journalist, son of Charles and Anne Hadfield, was born at Glossop, Derbyshire, 14 Oct. 1821, and being taken to Manchester when only one year old, was brought up to the trade of a house-painter and decorator, becoming specially skilled in graining, and able to imitate the grain of the oak with great perfection. At an early age he wrote verses in the ‘Manchester Times,’ and his tastes soon led him to adopt literature as a profession. In 1861 he edited a monthly paper in connection with trades unions, called ‘Weekly Wages,’ of which only five numbers appeared. He then, in 1861, accepted an offer of Joseph Cowen, M.P., to join the staff of the ‘Newcastle Chronicle,’ and to act as lecturing agent for the Northern Reform Union. Returning to Manchester in January 1862, he became connected with the commercial department of the ‘Manchester Examiner and Times.’ After this he was employed as a writer for the ‘Manchester City News,’ and subsequently edited that paper from 1865 to 1867, and remained connected with it as a contributor for two or three years longer. He next went to Glasgow, where for a short time he was on the staff of the ‘Glasgow Herald,’ and then took the editorship and management of the ‘Warrington Examiner’ and other papers connected with it, including the ‘Mid-Cheshire Examiner.’ After several years in this position he was presented with a testimonial. Finally in 1880 he was editor of the ‘Salford Weekly News,’ in which position he remained to the beginning of 1883. As a journalist his strength lay in his great knowledge of the habits, the wants, and the aspirations of the working classes, and on these subjects his writings were always thoughtful and suggestive. From 22 Dec. 1867 to 4 July 1868 he contributed to the ‘Free Lance,’ and from 25 July 1868 to 28 Oct. 1871 to ‘The Sphinx,’ two Manchester literary, artistic, and humorous journals. He was an advocate of the Manchester Fine Art Gallery, and took part in securing the Saturday half-holiday, and in providing public baths and washhouses. After his retirement he was confined to his room by ill-health, and died at 3 Chester Road, Stretford, 4 June 1884. He was the author of two prize essays: 1. ‘The Best Means of Enlarging the Usefulness of Mechanics' Institutions,’ 1850. 2. ‘Suggestions for Improving the Homes of the Working Classes,’ about 1857. On 24 Dec. 1843 he married Emily Frances, daughter of John Pontey and Mary Ann Kemp.
[Manchester City News, 7 and 14 June 1884; Manchester Guardian, 9 June 1884, p. 5; Momus, 8 Dec. 1881, with portrait; Axon's Annals of Manchester, 1886, p. 405; Sutton's Lancashire Authors, 1876, p. 47; information from Mr. J. H. Nodal, The Grange, Heaton Moor, near Stockport.]
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, William (1784-1842)

​JONES, WILLIAM (1784–1842), independent minister, was born in Birmingham on 6 Feb. 1784. The members of his family appear to have been distinguished by mechanical skill; his father was the inventor of springs for carriages, and an uncle introduced the first weighing-machine into Lancashire. William received his elementary education at a school in Oxfordshire. In 1800 he resolved to study for the independent ministry. In his twentieth year he entered Hoxton academy, and entered on his first and only pastorate at Bolton in September 1807. At the suggestion of Dr. Simpson, formerly pastor of Duke's Alley Chapel, Bolton, and afterwards resident tutor at Hoxton, a second independent church had just been formed in Bolton, a chapel had been erected in Mawdsley Street, capable of accommodating a congregation of about eight hundred persons, and Jones was the first minister. Under Jones's efficient ministry the Mawdsley Street Chapel was enlarged, a spacious schoolhouse was erected, and Jones's chapel became the parent of other congregations in the neighbourhood. He died 19 Oct. 1842.
Jones published, besides separate sermons, tracts, books for children, and articles in religious periodicals:
* ‘The Teacher's or Parent's Assistant,’ 1821.
* ‘An Essay, the Deity of Christ,’ 1824.
* ‘Address to Young People in early receiving the Lord's Supper,’ 1831, three editions.
* ‘Essay on Covetousness, and the Claims of the Redeemer,’ 1836.
* ‘The Teacher's Help, or Prayers in Verse.’
* ‘The Faintings of a Standard-Bearer.’
* ‘Improper and Unhappy Marriages,’ 1842.
In 1832 and in 1833 he helped to edit ‘The Voice of Truth,’ a monthly periodical, published at Bolton.
[Evangelical Magazine, 1843; Scholes's Bolton Biography.]
T. B. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, William (1808-1890)

​JONES, Sir WILLIAM (1808–1890), general, only son of William Jones of Glen Helen, Carnarvonshire, was born in 1808. He was educated at Sandhurst, and passed into the 61st foot as ensign on 10 April 1825. His subsequent steps were: lieutenant December 1826, captain 24 Nov. 1836, major 26 July 1844, lieutenant-colonel 29 Dec. 1848, colonel 28 Nov. 1854, major-general 3 April 1863, lieutenant-general 9 Dec. 1871, general 1 Oct. 1877. Jones was with the 61st throughout the Punjaub campaign of 1848–9. He took part in the passage of the Chenab and the battles of Sadolapore, Chillianwallah, and Goojerat. After Goojerat (March 1849) he went in pursuit of the enemy as far as the Khyber Pass, in command of his regiment and a troop of Bengal horse artillery. For these services he was made a C.B. and awarded a medal with two clasps. During the mutiny Jones commanded the 3rd infantry brigade at the siege of Delhi, and was one of the five distinguished officers selected to lead the storming parties on 14 Sept. 1857. When the assault was made, owing to the death of General Nicholson, he held command of the first as well as of the second column, and remained in charge during the six days' fighting in the streets. Jones was mentioned in despatches, and was awarded a medal with a clasp, and a good-service pension. On 2 June 1869 he was made a K.C.B., and on 29 May 1886 a G.C.B. From 2 Jan. 1871 till his death he was colonel of the Duke of Cornwall's light infantry (late 32nd foot). Jones died at Lansdown Lodge, Lansdown Road, Dublin, on 8 April 1890, and was buried in Mount Jerome cemetery. He married in 1857 Elizabeth, second daughter of John Tuthill of Kilmore House, co. Limerick.
[Times, 11 April 1890; Army Lists; Broad Arrow, 12 April 1890; Kaye and Malleson's Hist. of the Indian Mutiny, iv. 20; Thackwell's Second Sikh War; Burke's Peerage.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, William Arthur

​JONES, WILLIAM ARTHUR (1818–1873), unitarian minister, born 1 May 1818 at Carmarthen, was the youngest son of William Jones, corn merchant, of Carmarthen. He was educated at Carmarthen College and at Glasgow University, where he graduated M.A. with honours in 1841. He entered the unitarian ministry, and was first settled at Northampton, where he remained from 1842 to 1849. He became an intimate friend of George Baker (1781–1851) [q. v.], the Northamptonshire antiquary. In 1849 he removed to Bridgwater, Somerset, and in 1852 became minister to the unitarian congregation meeting in the Mary Street Chapel at Taunton. He soon afterwards became honorary secretary of the Somerset Archæological and Natural History Society, and held the office until his death, contributing to its ‘Proceedings’ many papers on the geology, archæology, and history of the county. He also succeeded in establishing at Taunton a successful school of science and art, to which he was honorary secretary. His energy led to the opening of the grammar school to those of all religious denominations. In politics he was a liberal. In 1866 he resigned the unitarian pulpit, and after a residence of two years on the continent definitively gave up the ministry, although continuing a member of the community. He thenceforth devoted himself exclusively to the affairs of Taunton, and to literary and scientific studies. He became a fellow of the Geological Society, and compiled, with the Rev. Wadham P. Williams, vicar of Bishop's-Hull, a ‘Glossary of the Somersetshire Dialect.’ He died on 23 April 1873. A monument was erected to his memory in the grounds of Taunton Castle.
Jones married, first, Mary, sister of William Fitchett Cuff, esq., of Merriott, Somerset, who died within a year of marriage without issue; and, secondly, Margaret, sister of William Blake, J.P., of South Petherton, Somerset, who died before him, leaving issue.
[Personal knowledge.]
G. F. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, William (1762-1846)

​JONES, WILLIAM (1762–1846), religious writer, born at Poulton, Lancashire, was a bookseller and pastor of the Scotch baptist church in Finsbury, London, till his death. ​His chief works were:
* ‘Life of Abraham Booth,’ 1808.
* ‘History of the Waldenses,’ 1811, reissued as ‘History of the Christian Church,’ 1817 (4th edition, 1819), and sometimes assigned in error to William Jones of Nayland [q. v.]
* ‘Biblical Cyclopædia,’ 1816.
* ‘Dictionary of Religious Opinions,’ 1817.
* ‘Christian Biography,’ 1829.
* ‘Autobiography,’ edited by his son, 1846.
[Jones's Autob. 1846; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, William (1561-1636)

​JONES, WILLIAM (1561–1636), biblical commentator, born in 1561, was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, but was one of the first foundation fellows at its foundation in 1584. He taught there for some years, and proceeded B.D. in 1590, and D.D. in 1597. In 1592 he obtained the living of East Bergholt, Suffolk, where he ministered for forty-four years, and died, as he says, ‘spent with sicknesse, age, and labour,’ on 12 Dec. 1636. He was buried in the church at East Bergholt, and there is a monument to his memory in the north wall of the chancel. Jones published ‘A Commentary upon the Epistles of St. Paul to Philemon and the Hebrewes,’ London, 1636, 8vo. It was one of the charges against Laud that he had expunged certain passages from this work (cf. Prynne, Canterbury's Doom, pp. 255, 259, 260, &c.) The commentator must be distinguished from a William Jones (fl. 1612–1631), who was chaplain to the Countess of Southampton, who is styled ‘preacher to the Isle of Wight,’ and who lived at Arreton in the Isle of Wight. He published:
* ‘A pithie and short Treatise … whereby a Godly Christian is directed how to make his last Will and Testament,’ &c., London, 1612, 8vo.
* ‘The Mysterie of Christ's Nativitie,’ London, 1614.
* ‘A Treatise of Patience in Tribulation,’ London, 1625, 4to; an enlarged sermon with verses, suggested by the deaths of the Earl of Southampton and his son.
* ‘A brief Exhortation to all Men to set their Houses in Order,’ London, 1631, 4to; and n. d., 8vo.
[Cole's Athenæ Cantabr., Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 5873, f. 26; Davy's Suffolk Collections, Add. MS. 19104, ff. 142, 155; Laud's Works, iv. 283, 323, 406.]
W. A. J. A.