OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cross, Thomas

​CROSS, THOMAS (fl. 1632–1682), engraver, was employed in engraving numerous portraits of authors and other celebrities as frontispieces to books published in the middle of the seventeenth century. His style shows no attempt at artistic refinement, but merely an endeavour to render faithfully the lineaments of the persons or objects portrayed; this he executed in a dry and stiff manner. His portraits are, however, a valuable contribution to the history of the period, and some of them are the only likenesses we possess—e.g. that of Philip Massinger, prefixed to an edition of his plays in 1655. Among the persons of note whose portraits were engraved by him were Thomas Bastwick, Richard Brownlowe, Jeremiah Burroughes, Samuel Clarke, John Cleveland, Nicholas Culpepper, Robert Dingley, John Gadbury, Battista Guarini, Richard Kilburne, William Lilly, Christopher Love, Thomas Manley, Sir Jonas Moore, David Papillon, Francis Quarles, Jeremiah Rich, Francis Roberts, Joseph Symonds, Thomas Taylor, Sir George Wharton, Leonard Willan, Vincent Wing, and many others, including a portrait of Richard III in Sir G. Buck's ‘Life and Reign’ of that monarch (1646). Cross was also one of the principal engravers of music of the time, and a long series of single sheets of music engraved on copper-plates bear his name and address. He had a son also of the same name, Thomas Cross, who shared his father's profession, and his work can with difficulty be distinguished. A frontispiece to William Evats's translation of ‘The Rights of War and Peace’ by Hugo Grotius (with portraits) is signed Thomas Cross, senior (1682), and an edition of Purcell's ‘Sonatas in four Parts for the Harpsichord’ was engraved by Thomas Cross, junior, 1683. To Dr. Blow's ‘Amphion Anglicus’ (1700) there are prefixed some verses by Henry Hall, organist of Hereford Cathedral, in which occur the lines—
While at the shops we daily dangling view False concord by Tom Cross engraven true;
and again in some verses prefixed to Purcell's ‘Orpheus Britannicus’ (1701)—
Then honest Cross might copper cut in vain.
These verses, no doubt, refer to the younger Cross, who devoted himself principally to engraving music.
[Redgrave's Dict. of English Artists; Huber and Roost's Manuel des Curieux et des Amateurs de l'Art; Bromley's Catalogue of Engraved English Portraits; Grove's Dict. of Music and Musicians; Lowndes's Bibl. Man.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Crosse, John (1739-1816)

​CROSSE, JOHN (1739–1816), vicar of Bradford, was the son of Hammond Crosse, esq., of Kensington. He was born in the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, London, in 1739, and educated in a school at Hadley, near Barnet, Hertfordshire. When he was ordained does not appear, but his first curacy was in Wiltshire, whence he removed to the Lock Chapel, London. In 1765 he went abroad, and travelled for three years through a great part of Europe. A manuscript account of his travels is extant. It would seem that he had entered at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. on 18 Feb. 1768 (Cat. of Oxford Graduates, ed. 1851, p. 163). Soon after his return from the continent he was presented to the very small livings of Todmorden in the parish of Rochdale, and Cross-Stone in the parish of Halifax, where he continued for six years. He then became incumbent of White Chapel, Cleckheaton. In 1776 he was incorporated B.A. at Cambridge, and took the degree of M.A. as a member of King's College in that university (Graduati Cantab. ed. 1856, p. 97). His father having bought for him the next presentation of the vicarage of Bradford Yorkshire, he was presented to it in 1784 (James, Hist. of Bradford, pp. 209, 212). He was highly esteemed as an ‘evangelical’ clergyman by his parishioners during an incumbency of thirty-two years. Although in the latter part of his life he was blind, he continued to perform the offices of the church till a fortnight before his death, which took place on 17 June 1816.
By his will he made a bequest to George Buxton Browne, in trust, ‘for promoting the cause of true religion,’ and in 1832 three theological scholarships, called the Crosse scholarships, were founded in the university of Cambridge from the sum of 2,000l. thus bequeathed (Cambridge Univ. Calendar, ed. 1884, p. 349; Cooper, Annals of Cambridge, iv. 574).
A detailed account of his pastoral labours is given in ‘The Parish Priest: pourtrayed in the Life, Character, and Ministry of the Rev. John Crosse, by the Rev. William Morgan, B.D., incumbent of Christ Church, Bradford,’ London, 1841, 12mo.
He was the author of: 1. ‘A Letter to the Author of Remarks on Two of the Most Singular Characters of the Age,’ London, 1790, 8vo. This was in answer to an attack made upon him by ‘Trim,’ i.e. Edward Baldwyn [q. v.], and was printed with a reply by the latter. 2. ‘A Reply to the Objections brought against the Church of England, in a late publication entitled “An Answer to the Inquiry, Why are you a Dissenter?”’ Bradford, 1798, 12mo. ​His portrait has been engraved by Topham from a painting by J. Hunter (Evans, Cat. of Engraved Portraits, ii. 111).
[Authorities quoted above.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Crosse, John (1786-1833)

​CROSSE, JOHN (1786–1833), writer on music, F.S.A., and F.R.S.L., was born at Hull 7 July 1786. In 1825 he published his only work, a large volume on the ‘ History of the York Festivals,’ a book which is one of the best of its kind. Crosse died at Hull on 20 Oct. 1833, and is buried at St. James's Church, Sutton, Yorkshire.
[Information from Messrs. J. B. Horwood and R. R. Dees.]
W. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Butterworth, Henry

​BUTTERWORTH, HENRY (1786–1860), law publisher, was born at Coventry 28 Feb. 1786, being the son of a wealthy timber merchant of that place, and grandson of the Rev. John Butterworth [q. v.], baptist minister of Coventry, Warwickshire, and author of a ‘Concordance of the Holy Scriptures.’ Young Henry was educated first in the grammar school at Coventry, and afterwards at Bristol. When fifteen years old he entered the bookselling establishment of his uncle, Joseph Butterworth [q. v.], in Fleet Street, London. Living in his uncle's house he became acquainted with Lord Liverpool, Lord Teignmouth, William Wilberforce, Zachary Macaulay, Dr. Adam Clarke, and others, who were frequent guests at his uncle's table. In 1818 he went into business on his own account, obtained the appointment of law publisher to the queen, took a leading part in the management of the Stationers' Company, and became the chief London law publisher. In 1823 he was elected a member of the city council, but declined other municipal office. He supported generously church extension, and many social and christian institutions. He was an active member of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1813 Butterworth married Miss Elizabeth H. Whitehead, daughter of Captain Whitehead of the 4th Irish dragoon guards. He died at Upper Tooting, Surrey, 2 Nov. 1860, aged 74. A painted glass window was placed in the choir of St. Paul's Cathedral by his friends, as a mark of respect to his memory.
[Annual Register for 1860, p. 400, et seq.]
W. B. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Butterworth, John

​BUTTERWORTH, JOHN (1727–1803), baptist minister, was the son of Henry Butterworth, a pious blacksmith of Goodshaw, a village in Rossendale, Lancashire. He was one of five sons, of whom three, besides John, became ministers of baptist congregations. One of them named Lawrence, a minister at Evesham, wrote two pamphlets against unitarian views. John was born 13 Dec. 1727, and went to the school of David Crosley, a Calvinistic minister who had known John Bunyan. About the year 1753 he was appointed pastor of Cow Lane Chapel, Coventry. With this congregation he remained upwards of fifty years, and died 24 April 1803, aged 75.
He published, in 1767, ‘A New Concordance and Dictionary to the Holy Scriptures,’ which was reprinted in 1785, 1792, and 1809. The last edition was edited by Dr. Adam Clarke. He also wrote ‘A Serious Address to the Rev. Dr. Priestley,’ 1790.
His son, Joseph, and his grandson, Henry, are separately noticed.
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Butterworth, Joseph

1904 Errata appended.
​BUTTERWORTH, JOSEPH (1770–1826), law bookseller, was son of the Rev. John Butterworth [q. v.], baptist minister of Coventry. He was born at Coventry in 1770. At an early age he went to London, where he learned the business of a law bookseller, and founded a large and lucrative establishment in Fleet Street, in which his nephew, Henry [q. v.], afterwards assisted him. His house became a resort of the leading philanthropists of the day. There Lords Liverpool and Teignmouth, William Wilberforce and the elder Macaulay discussed their benevolent schemes, and there the first meetings of the British and Foreign Bible Society were held. Butterworth liberally supported many philanthropic and christian institutions. He was M.P. for Coventry 1812–8, and for Dover 1820–6, and gave an independent support to the government of the day. In August 1819 he was appointed general treasurer of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society, which office he retained until his death. For many years he was a loyal member of the Wesleyan community, but maintained a generous spirit towards all. He was author of ‘A General Catalogue of Law Books,’ with their dates and prices; a work of great value to members of the legal profession. He died at his house in Bedford Square, London, 30 June 1826, aged 56.
W. B. L.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.47 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 98 | ii | 10-11 | Butterworth, Joseph: for He sat in parliament . . . . Dover read He was M.P. for Coventry 1812-18 and for Dover 1820-6 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Button, William (d.1274)

1904 Errata appended.
​BUTTON or BITTON, WILLIAM II (d. 1274), bishop of Bath and Wells, was nephew of the former bishop of the same name, and was also a relation of Walter Giffard, his immediate predecessor in the see of Bath and Wells. He was archdeacon of Wells. Giffard having been translated to the see of York in October 1266, William was elected bishop in February 1267, and received the temporalities on 4 March of that year. In view of the fact that the bishops of this see lost even the right of a seat in their chapter, it is interesting to note that in 1270 William presided over a meeting of the chapter, in which several new statutes were enacted (Ordinale, 57). This bishop was a man of a wholly different stamp from the uncle who preceded him. Little as we know of his work, he may be looked on as an example of the influence exercised by the preaching of the friars; for when Robert Kilwardby, the provincial of the Dominicans, was to be consecrated to the archbishopric of Canterbury, he declared that he would have the bishop of Bath to perform the rite on account of his eminent piety. He died 4 Dec. 1274, and was buried on the south side of the choir of his cathedral church. Though never acknowledged as a saint by the catholic church, he received the honour of popular canonisation. Crowds visited his tomb with prayers and offerings. Little progress probably had been made of late years in the work of building the church, and it seems that the effects of the storm of 1247 [see Button, William I, d. 1264] had not been repaired. The offerings brought to the shrine of ‘Saint’ William enriched the chapter, and are doubtless to be connected with a convocation held in 1284 ‘for finishing the new work and repairing the old.’ Somerset folk believed that the aid of the good bishop was especially effectual for the cure of toothache, and the belief lingered down to the seventeenth century. On the capitals of some of the pillars in the transepts of Wells Cathedral are figures representing people suffering from toothache, and it may be reasonably believed that those parts of the church were built from the offerings made at the saint's tomb soon after his death.
W. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.47 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 101 | i | 20 | Button, William: omit and afterwards dean |
| | | 13 f.e. | for 1248 read 1247 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Button, Ralph

1904 Errata appended.
​BUTTON, RALPH (d. 1680), canon of Christ Church under the Commonwealth, was the son of Robert Button of Bishopstown, Wiltshire, and was educated at Exeter College, Oxford. He proceeded B.A. in 1630; in 1633 the rector of Exeter, Dr. Prideaux, recommended him to Sir Nathaniel Brent, the warden of Merton, for a fellowship in his college. The fellowship was conferred on him, and he became famous in the university as a successful tutor. Among his pupils were Zachary Bogan and Anthony à Wood. On the outbreak of the civil war in 1642, Button, who sympathised with the parliamentarians, removed to London, and on 15 Nov. 1643 was elected professor of geometry at Gresham College, in the place of John Greaves. In 1647 he was nominated a delegate to aid the parliamentary visitors at Oxford in their work of reform, and apparently resumed his tutorship at Merton. On 18 Feb. 1647-8 Button was appointed by the visitors junior proctor; on 11 April he pronounced a Latin oration before Philip, earl of Pembroke, the new chancellor of the university, and on 13 June he resigned his Gresham professorship. On 4 Aug. he was made canon of Christ Church and public orator of the university, in the room of Dr. Henry Hammond, who had been removed from those offices by the parliamentary commission. At the same time Button declined to supplicate ​ for the degree of D.D. on the ground of the expense; it appears from Wood that he had then lately married. Button showed similar independence in successfully resisting the endeavour of the visitors to expel Edward Pocock from the Hebrew and Arabic lectureship on the ground of political disaffection. At the Restoration Button was ejected from all his offices and his place at Christ Church filled by Dr. Fell. Leaving Oxford, he retired to Brentford, where he kept a school. Baxter says that he was soon afterwards imprisoned for six months 'for teaching two knight's sons in his house, not having taken the Oxford oath.' At the date of the Declaration of Indulgence (1672) Button removed to Islington, and Sir Joseph Jekyll lived with him a as his pupil. He died at Islington in October 1680, and was buried in the parish church. A son died and was buried at the same time. Baxter in 'Reliquiae Baxterianae' speaks of him as 'an excellent scholar, but of greater excellency; a most humble, worthy, godly man, of a plain, sincere heart and blameless.' He left a daughter, who married Dr. Boteler of London.
S. L. L.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.47 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| | | 4-3 f.e. | Button, Ralph: for Dr. Henry Hammond read Edward Corbet, the successor of Dr. Henry Hammond |
| 99 | i | 28 | for Wood's read Ward's |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Button, William (d.1654)

1904 Errata appended.
​BUTTON, Sir WILLIAM (d. 1654), royalist, was descended from the old family of Bitton or Button, so called from the parish of Bitton in the county of Gloucester. He was the eldest son of William Button of Alton, and of Jane, daughter of John Lamb, in the county of Wiltshire (Berry, Hampshire Pedigrees). Lloyd (Memoirs, 649) confounds him with his son who died in 1660, and the error is repeated by Jackson (Aubrey, Collections for Wiltshire, 190). Both state that he was educated at Exeter College under Dr. Prideaux, and attended Sir Arthur Hepton in his embassy through France and Spain, but the original source of these statements is the sermon preached on 12 April 1660 by Francis Bayly in the parish church of North Wraxall at the funeral of the second Sir William Button, to whom alone they apply. The father of this Sir William Button was raised to the baronetage on 18 April 1621 (Burke, History of the Commoners, iv. 370). During the civil wars he was a staunch royalist, and on this account his house Tokenham Court was twice stripped and his property carried off, the first occasion being in June 1643 by Sir Ed. Hungerford, when his loss was 767l., and the second in June 1644 by a party of horse from Malmesbury garrison, when it amounted to 526l. 6s. In the November following his estate at Tokenham was sequestrated, after which he lived at his manor of Shaw near Overton. In 1646 he was fined 2,380l. for ‘delinquency.’ He died on 28 Jan. 1654–5, and was buried in the vault in the north aisle of North Wraxall church. Lloyd, confounding him with his son, gives the date of his death erroneously as 1660. By his marriage with Ruth, daughter of Walter Dunche of Avebury, he left four sons and three daughters.
T. F. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.47 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| | ii | 11 | Button, Sir William: for 1654 read 1655 |
| | | 16 f.e. | for 1654 read 1654-5 |
# Daly v. Elton

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
195 U.S. 242
Daly v. Elton
Argued: October 11, 12, 1904. --- Decided: November 14, 1904
Messrs. Lynn Helm, Edward C. Bailey, Henry T. Lee, J. R. Scott, and Charles W. Chase for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. W. B. Mathews and Herbert J. Goudge for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Day delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Daly v. Elton/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
195 U.S. 242
Daly v. Elton
Argued: October 11, 12, 1904. --- Decided: November 14, 1904
This case is practically determined by views expressed in Dobbins v. Los Angeles, 195 U.S. 223, 25 Sup. Ct. Rep. 18, 49 L. ed. 169. It was a petition for a writ of habeas corpus to discharge Daly from custody, in a prosecution under the ordinance under consideration in the Dobbins Case. The prayer of the petition was denied and the writ discharged. Re Daly, 139 Cal. *216, 72 Pac. 1097. Under the California practice, in the absence of issue joined the allegations of the petition are taken as true and the facts alleged therein are taken as admitted. Re Smith, 143 Cal. 368, 77 Pac. 180. The petition made allegations attacking the ordinance, which, if true, would render it invalid for the reasons stated in the Dobbins Case, supra, and the petitioner upon the record made should have been discharged from custody.
It is therefore ordered that the judgment of the Supreme Court of California be reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with the views announced in the Dobbins Case, supra.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dalton v. Jennings

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
93 U.S. 271
Dalton v. Jennings
APPEAL from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.
This was a bill filed for an account, and for an injunction restraining the defendant from infringing Dalton's letters patent. Upon the final hearing of the cause the court below dismissed the bill, and Dalton appealed here.
Mr. J. Vansantvoord for the appellant.
Mr. Arthur v. Briesen for the appellee.
MR. JUSTICE MILLER delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Camm, Anne

​CAMM, ANNE (1627–1705), quakeress, daughter of Richard Newby, was born at Kendal, Westmoreland, in 1627. Her parents sent her, when thirteen years old, to London that, under the care of an aunt, she might perfect her education. During her residence in London she connected herself with some sect of puritans. At the end of seven years she returned to Kendal and joined a company of ‘seekers,’ part of whose worship consisted in sitting in silence. At these meetings she became acquainted with John Audland, whom she married in 1650, and by whom she had a son. Audland and his wife attended a meeting at Fairbank in 1652, which was conducted by George Fox; both joined the quakers, and were chosen preachers. Mrs. Audland's first ministerial work lay in the county of Durham, and at Auckland she was arrested for preaching and sent to gaol, but she continued her discourse from the windows of her prison. She seems to have been discharged the same night. During 1653 she was illtreated and arrested at Banbury on a charge of blasphemy. She was tried at the assizes for having affirmed that ‘God did not live,’ a perversion of the quotation she acknowledged to having used, viz. ‘Though they say the Lord liveth, surely they swear falsely’ (Jer. v. 2). The jury returned a verdict that she had been guilty of misdemeanour only, which, forming no part of the indictment, amounted to a verdict of acquittal; but the judge refused to liberate her unless she found bond for good behaviour. This she refused to give. She was committed to a prison partly underground, destitute of any means of heating, and through which ran the common sewer. She was liberated after eight months, and then seems to have constantly accompanied her husband on his preaching expeditions till his death in 1663. She remained a widow for two or three years, when she married Thomas Camm [q. v.], by ​whom she had a daughter, and with whom she lived happily for nearly forty years. After her second marriage she does not appear to have been much molested. She died after a short illness in 1705. It seems to have been owing to her efforts that quakerism obtained the firm hold it once had in Oxfordshire. Her only work, ‘Anne Camm, her Testimony concerning John Audland, her late Husband,’ printed in 1681, was exceedingly popular among the early Friends.
[A Brief Account of her is given in the Friends' Library, vol. i., Philadelphia; see also Besse's Sufferings and Fox's Journal of his Life, Travels, &c.]
A. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Camidge, Matthew

​CAMIDGE, MATTHEW (1758–1844), organist and composer, son of John Camidge the elder [q. v.], was born at York in 1758. At an early age he became a chorister of the Chapel Royal, where he was educated by his father's old master, Dr. Nares. On his return to York he became assistant to his father. He is said to have been the first to teach the cathedral choristers to sing from notes; previously all the services had been learnt by ear. The two Camidges also originated the York musical festivals, beginning with a performance, on a small scale, of Handel's ‘Messiah’ at the Belfry church, which led to oratorios being given with orchestral accompaniments in the minster. On the resignation of John Camidge, Matthew was appointed his successor as organist (11 Nov. 1799), a post he held until his retirement, 8 Oct. 1842. He published a considerable quantity of music for the harpsichord, organ, and piano, besides a collection of psalm tunes, a ‘Method of Instruction in Musick by Questions and Answers,’ and some church music. Camidge was married to a niece of Sheriff Atkinson of York, by whom he had three sons; two took orders, and became respectively vicar of Wakefield and canon of York, and chaplain at Moscow and Cronstadt, and the third [see Camidge, John, the younger] succeeded his father as organist of York. Camidge died 23 Oct. 1844, aged eighty-six.
W. B. S.