OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Chilám Balám

Edition of 1900.
​CHILÁM BALÁM (che-lam'-bah-lam'), Indian philosopher, great priest of Tixcacayón Cavich at Mani, Yucatan, d. about 1430. He left several works, of which a few fragments only have reached us, and composed narratives in verse that are still sung by the Yucatec Indians. He predicted that foreigners from the east would conquer them and teach them the true religion under the symbol of the cross. Herrera, Ramesal, Diaz del Castillo, Torquemada, and other authorities refer to Chilám Balám, whose prophecy reads thus: "At the end of the thirteenth age, when Itza is at the height of its power, as also the city of Tancán. . . . the signal of God will appear on the heights, and the cross, with which the world was enlightened, will be manifested. There will be variance of men's will in future times, when this signal shall be shown. Ye priests, before coming even a quarter of a league, ye shall see the cross, which will appear and lighten up the sky from north to south. The worship of vain gods shall cease. Your father cometh, O Itzalans! Your father cometh, O Iantumites! Receive your bearded guests from the east, who bring the signal of the God who cometh to us in mercy and pity. The time of our life is coming. Ye have nothing to fear from the world. Thou art the living God, who created us in mercy. The words of God are good. Let us lift up His signal, to see it and adore it. We must raise the cross in opposition to the falsehood we now see. Before the first tree of the world now is a manifestation made to the world; this is the signal of a God on high. Adore this, ye people of Itza. Let us adore it with uprightness of heart. Let us adore Him who is our God, the true God. Receive the word of the true God, for He who speaketh to ye cometh from heaven. Ponder this well, and be the men of Itza. They who believe shall have light in the age that is to come. I your teacher and master, Balám, warn and charge you to look at the importance of my words. Thus have I finished what the true God commanded me to say, that the world might hear it."
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Choate, Joseph Hodges

Edition of 1900.
​CHOATE, Joseph Hodges, lawyer, b. in Salem, Mass., 24 Jan., 1832. He was graduated at Harvard in 1852, and at the Dane law-school in 1854. In the year following he was admitted to the bar in Massachusetts, and in 1856 in New York, since which time he has practised in New York city. Mr. Choate was counsel for Gen. Fitz John Porter in the protracted investigation in West Point, before the board of officers appointed by President Hayes, which resulted in the reversal of the judgment of the original court-martial. He also defended the celebrated Cesnola case (see Cesnola). Mr. Choate for many years was president of the Union league club, and of the New England society, in New York, and was a member of the “committee of seventy,” and took part in the municipal canvass of 1871, which resulted in the ​overthrow of the ring that had plundered the city treasury. He has delivered addresses on social, charitable, and other occasions. — His brother, William Gardiner, b. in Massachusetts about 1830, was graduated at Harvard in 1852, and at the Dane law-school in 1854. For some time he was U. S. judge of the southern district of New York, an office which he resigned to resume the practice of his profession in New York city.
# Australia to England

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Australia to England."
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This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Australia to England, poem by John Farrell
* Australia to England, peom by Archibald Thomas Strong
# Australian Bards and Bush Reviewers

While you use your best endeavour to immortalise in verse The gambling and the drink which are your country's greatest curse, While you glorify the bully and take the spieler's part — You're a clever southern writer, scarce inferior to Bret Harte.
If you sing of waving grasses when the plains are dry as bricks, And discover shining rivers where there's only mud and sticks; If you picture 'mighty forests' where the mulga spoils the view — You're superior to Kendall, and ahead of Gordon too.
If you swear there's not a country like the land that gave you birth, And its sons are just the noblest and most glorious chaps on earth; If in every girl a Venus your poetic eye discerns, You are gracefully referred to as the 'young Australian Burns'.
But if you should find that bushmen — spite of all the poets say — Are just common brother-sinners, and you're quite as good as they — You're a drunkard, and a liar, and a cynic, and a sneak, Your grammar's simply awful and your intellect is weak.
This work is in the public domain in Australia because it was created in Australia and the term of copyright has expired. According to Australian Copyright Council - Duration of Copyright, the following works are public domain:
* published non-government works whose author died before January 1, 1955,
* anonymous or pseudonymous works and photographs published before January 1, 1955, and
* government works published more than 50 years ago (before January 1, 1974).
This work is also in the public domain in the United States because it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), and it was first published before 1989 without complying with U.S. copyright formalities (renewal and/or copyright notice) and it was in the public domain in Australia on the URAA date (January 1, 1996). This is the combined effect of Australia having joined the Berne Convention in 1928, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.
Because the Australian copyright term in 1996 was 50 years, the critical date for copyright in the United States under the URAA is January 1, 1946.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company v. Jackson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
353 U.S. 325
Baltimore and Ohio Railway Company v. Jackson
Argued: March 28 and April 1, 1957. --- Decided: May 13, 1957
See 354 U.S. 943, 77 S.Ct. 1391.
Mr.
Stephen Ailes, Washington, D.C., for the petitioner.
Mr. Milford J. Meyer, Philadelphia, Pa., for the respondent.
Mr. Justice CLARK delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company v. Interstate Commerce Commission (221 U.S. 612)

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* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
221 U.S. 612
Baltimore Ohio Railroad Company v. Interstate Commerce Commission
Argued: December 17 and 20, 1909. --- Decided: for reargument May 16, 1910
Messrs. Frederic D. McKenney, John G. Johnson, and Hugh L. Bond, Jr., for appellant on original argument.
Solicitor General Bowers for appellee.
Messrs. Frederic D. McKennery, John G. Johnson, and Hugh L. Bond, Jr., for appellant on reargument.
Solicitor General Lehmann for appellee.
Mr. Justice Hughes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company v. Joy

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
173 U.S. 226
Baltimore Company v. Joy
Hugh L. Bond, Jr., for plaintiff in error.
Mr. Justice HARLAN delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company v. Kepner

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
314 U.S. 44
Baltimore or Company v. Kepner
Argued: Oct. 20, 1941. --- Decided: Nov 10, 1941
Messrs. Morison R. Waite, Harry H. Bryer, and William A. Eggers, all of Cincinnati, Ohio, Cassius M. Clay, of Baltimore, Md., and Philip J. Schneider, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for petitioner.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 44-46 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Samuel T. Gaines, of Cleveland, Ohio, for respondent.
[Arguments of Counsel from pages 46-47 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice REED delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Bad Weather

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Bad Weather."
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This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Bad weather, a folk poem published by František Ladislav Čelakovský
* Bad Weather, a short story by Anton Chekhov
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Martin de Moyville, Edouard Nicolas Henry

Edition of 1900. No confirmation of this person's existence outside of Appletons' and derived sources has as yet been located, but there is also no verifiable source which states the person is one of Appletons' fictitious entries. Use this information with extra caution.
​MARTIN DE MOYVILLE, Edouard Nicolas Henry, French explorer, b. in Calais in 1715; d. in Paris in 1779. His father was a " fermier gene- ral " of taxes, and the son followed the same career for several years. Being left at the death of his father with an independent fortune, he abandoned this pursuit, and opened his parlors to philosophers and authors. But his former profession had left a stain upon him, and he resolved to emigrate to Canada, which the peace of 1748 had restored to the French. Settling in Quebec in 1749, he was made a consulting member of the " Conseil sou- verain " of the city, and, by the suggestion of the governor-general, purchased a vast tract of land west of the peninsula of Upper Canada. After several unsuccessful attempts to colonize his new estate, Martin began to study the flora of Canada, then scarcely known to Europeans. During five years he explored Lower and Upper Canada, Acadia, Nova Scotia, and Cape Breton, descending as far south as the New England states, west to Lake Michigan, and north to Hudson bay. He formed an herbarium of 1,450 plants, 180 of which were new. The war of 1756 put an end to his explo- rations, and he returned to Paris. On his arrival he immediately sent a paper to the Academy of sciences, in which he narrated his journeys, and, being invited by that body to undertake the pub- lication of a flora of Canada, associated himself with the naturalist Gaudin, who classified the plants and gave them scientific names. They published " Flore du Canada " (6 vols., Paris, 1769)"; " De I'acclimatation des pi antes Europeennes au Canada " (2 vols., 1771, with fig.) ; and " Histoire, description et proprietes des plantes medicinales de la vallee de Saint Laurent au Canada " (2 vols., 1773, with fig.). Martin published "Journal de voyage a travers la Nouvelle France du Nord ou Canada" (1761); "Expose de I'etat du Canada de 1750 a 1756" (1766); and "Les Six Nations," an essay on the history of the Canadian Indians (1772).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Martí, José Julián

Edition of 1900.
MARTÍ, José Julián, Cuban patriot, b. in Havana, 28 Jan., 1853; d. at Dos Rios, Cuba, 19 May, 1895. His earlier education he received in his native city, but this was cut short in 1868 by his having been made a political presidiario. He was obliged to work in the quarries in the garb and chains of a convict, and afterward was sent to Spain. He continued his studies at Madrid and Saragossa, and graduated as a lawyer in the latter city in 1876. Señor Martí was a close student of the history of both Americas, and always upheld the capacity of Spanish America to reach unaided such a state of prosperity as would secure the permanent and friendly respect of all other nations. Twice he was a prisoner in Spain, and as often he escaped. For Cuba he demanded absolute liberty and separation from Spain. A good conversationalist and an orator of power, he led his countrymen in the cause of liberty, and has been looked to by them as the “soul” and creator of the recent Cuban revolution. He did not live to see the fruits of his labor, but was killed in battle with the Spaniards at Dos Rios. Apart from his political activities he was a noted teacher, journalist, and poet; was at one time professor of philosophy and literature in the University of Guatemala, New York consul for Uruguay, Paraguay, and the Argentine Republic, and later consul-general for the Argentine Republic, and a member of the Pan-American oongress held In Washington. He contributed regularly to a number of journals, translated into Spanish Helen H. Jackson's novel “Ramona” (1888), published “Ismaelillo,” a small volume of poems, and a book on Guatemala, and wrote several plays. He founded the newspaper “La Patria,” which is still published in New York.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Massie, Nathaniel

Edition of 1900.
​MASSIE, Nathaniel, pioneer, b. in Goochland county, Va., 28 Dec., 1763; d. in Paint Creek Falls, Ohio, 13 Nov., 1813. He entered the Revolutionary army at seventeen years of age, served for a short time and subsequently became a surveyor and locater of lands, gradually acquiring large tracts of uncultivated territory. He surveyed the first settlement within the Virginia military district of Ohio in 1791 between the Scioto and Little Miami rivers, and in 1793-'6 was engaged in an extensive survey of the same region, in the latter year laying out on his own land the town of Chillicothe. At the beginning of the 19th century he was one of the largest land-owners in Ohio. He was active in the early Indian wars, was state senator, and for a term speaker, major-general of militia for several years, and a member of the Ohio constitutional convention in 1802. He was a candidate for governor in 1807, and his opponent received the largest number of votes, but was declared ineligible. The office thus devolved on Mr. Massie, but he declined it.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Marshall, James Wilson

Edition of 1900.
​MARSHALL, James Wilson, discoverer of gold in California, b. in Hope, Warren co., N. J., in 1812; d. in Coloma, Cal., 8 Aug., 1885. He received a plain education, learned the trade of coach and wagon builder, and about 1833 bought a farm on the Platte river, near Fort Leavenworth, Kan. In 1844 he emigrated to California and entered the service of Gen. John A. Sutter. He volunteered in the Bear Flag war, serving through the entire campaign that resulted in a treaty, recognizing the independence of California, that was signed in March, 1847. After his discharge Marshall returned to Sutter's Fort, but abandoned the stock farm that he had established and entered the lumber business with Gen. Sutter in Coloma. On 18 Jan., 1848, while superintending the construction of a mill-race, he found a nugget of gold, and, collecting several ounces of the ore, took the specimens to Sutter's Fort. His discovery brought a great influx of adventurers into California, many of whom, knowing that gold had been discovered in Coloma, went there, seized Marshall's property and stock, and divided his land into town-lots, even disputing the title to the land that he had purchased prior to his discovery, and he became reduced to extreme poverty. Another version of the story is that two Mormons who were employed by him had found both gold and platinum and hidden their pile of treasure, and that this was the deposit that was accidentally found by Marshall. It is said that he never denied this statement. A bronze statue of Marshall is to be placed on the spot where the discovery was made.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Mason, Caroline Atherton

Edition of 1900.
​MASON, Caroline Atherton, poet, b. in Marblehead, Mass., 27 July, 1823. Her father was Calvin Briggs, a physician. She was educated at the Bradford, Mass., academy, and began writing when quite young. One of her early poems, “Do they miss me at Home?” which first appeared in a Salem, Mass., newspaper, obtained immediate and widespread popularity, being set to music and sold in this country and in England. Several of her other poems have been similarly honored, notably “The King's Quest.” She has contributed largely to the hymnology of the Unitarian church, and her poetry generally is strong in the didactic element. She has published “Utterance, a Collection of Home Poems” (Boston, 1852), and a Sunday-school story, “Rose Hamilton” (1859). She resides at present (1888) in Fitchburg, Mass., and continues her contributions to the press.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Massasoit

Edition of 1900.
​MASSASOIT, Indian chief, b. in what is now Massachusetts about 1580; d. there in the autumn of 1660. His dominions extended over nearly all the southern part of Massachusetts, from Cape Cod to Narragansett bay, but his tribe, the Wampanoags, once supposed to have numbered several thousand, had been, shortly before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, reduced to about 300 warriors by a disease supposed to have been yellow fever. In March, 1621, three months after the founding of Plymouth, an Indian named Samoset entered the town and exclaimed in English, which he had learned from the Penobscot fishermen, “Welcome, Englishmen!” He announced himself as the envoy of Massasoit, “the greatest commander of the country.” After some negotiation the latter came in person and was received with due ceremony. A treaty of friendship was then completed in few and unequivocal terms. Both parties promised to abstain from mutual injuries, and to deliver offenders; the colonists were to receive assistance if attacked, to render it if Massasoit should be unjustly assailed. The treaty included the confederates of the sachem, and is the oldest act of diplomacy recorded in New England. It was sacredly kept for fifty-four years, the friendly disposition of Massasoit toward the colonists never relaxing. His residence was within the limits of what is now the town of Warren, R. I., near an abundant spring of water which still bears his name. Roger Williams, when banished from the Massachusetts colony and on his way to Providence, was entertained by him for several weeks at this place. Massasoit was humane and honest, never violated his word, and constantly endeavored to imbue his people with a love of peace. He kept the Pilgrims advised of any warlike designs toward them by other tribes. In person, says Nathaniel Morton in his “New England's Memorial,” he was “a very lusty man in his best years, an able body, grave of countenance, and spare of speech.” Two of his sons were named Wamsutta and Pometacom. Soon after the death of Massasoit these sons went to Plymouth and requested the Pilgrims to give them English names. The court named them Alexander and Philip. The former became chief sachem, but died within a year, and was succeeded by his brother Philip (q. v.).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Marshall, Thomas (soldier)

Edition of 1900.
​MARSHALL, Thomas, soldier, b. in Boston, Mass., in 1718; d. in Weston, Mass., 18 Nov., 1800. His father, Capt. Christopher Marshall, was an officer in the British service, and assisted in the capture of Louisburg in 1746. The son commanded the ancient and honorable artillery company of Boston in 1763-'7. In 1765 he was major of a Boston regiment, and from 1767 till 1771 lieutenant-colonel. In a petition to Gov. Thomas Hutchinson he asks for a grant of land, and speaks of the “great expense his father was at in raising troops for the expedition, which exceeded the whole of his pay, and the greater part of which the said Thomas Marshall had to advance for his father to the great damage of his business.” He was a merchant-tailor in King (now State) street before the Revolutionary war, in which he commanded the 10th Massachusetts regiment, and did efficient service at Saratoga in 1777. In a petition to the legislature Col. Marshall says that “at the evacuation of Ticonderoga we lost most of our clothing in the retreat,” but though an order was given by the court for the board of war to make up these losses, there were so many other claims that it was not done. After the war he purchased the confiscated estate of a Tory in Weston, Mass., which is now the country-seat of Gen. Charles J. Paine. Thomas's younger brother, Christopher, was a captain in his regiment.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Martineau, Harriet

Edition of 1900.
​MARTINEAU, Harriet, English author, b. in Norwich, England, 12 June, 1802; d. in Ambleside, 27 June, 1876. She was descended from a family of French Huguenots that settled in Norwich on the revocation of the edict of Nantes. Her father was a manufacturer and died early, leaving eight children unprovided for. Harriet received a good education under the supervision of her uncle, an eminent surgeon, but was compelled to earn her own livelihood. Being afflicted, when still young, with a constantly increasing deafness and a total lack of the sense of smell, she found her chief amusement in literary composition, and ultimately decided to depend upon her pen for support. In 1834-'6 she travelled extensively in the United States, and on her return recorded her impressions of American life and institutions in a work entitled “Society in America” (3 vols., London, 1837). She also published “Retrospect of Western Travel” (3 vols., 1838), which gave more of her personal experiences. Her health became so seriously affected in 1839 that she was long obliged to desist from all literary occupation. On recovering, through the agency, as she believed, of animal magnetism, she published in 1844 an account of the treatment in a letter which excited much attention. In 1852 Miss Martineau formed a connection with the London “Daily News,” to which she contributed leading articles and biographical and other papers. At her death she left in the office of the above-mentioned journal an “Autobiography,” written in 1855, which was published posthumously (London, 1877; Boston, 1877). Miss Martineau's writings are very numerous and include travels, works on history, political economy, and philosophy, and stories for children. Besides those already mentioned, she published two books referring to the United States, “The Martyr Age” (New York, 1839) and “History of the American Compromises” (1856).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Materna, Amalie

Edition of 1900.
​MATERNA, Amalie, German singer, b. in St. Georgen, Austria, 10 July, 1847. Her first appearance was made in the Thalia theatre, in Gratz, about 1864, and she afterward married Karl Friedrich, an actor, and was engaged with him in suburban theatres near Vienna, where she sang in operettas. In 1869 she appeared in the Imperial opera-house, Vienna, as Selika in “L'Africaine” with signal success, and in 1876 earned a world-wide reputation by her impersonation of Brunhilde in the Niebelungen trilogy at the Wagner festival in Beireuth. She sang at the Wagner concerts of England in 1877, and came to the United States in 1882 to sing in the New York music festival of that year. Since that time she has sung in Wagner's operas in this country for several seasons with great acceptability.