OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Stolle

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Stolle | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Stolle, f., Stollen, m., ‘prop, post, gallery (of a mine),’ from MidHG. stolle, OHG. stollo, m., ‘support, post.’ Derived, like Stall, stellen, and still, from the root stal, which appears also in Sans. sthûṇâ. The latter points, like OHG. stollo (from *stolno-), to Aryan stelnâ, ‘post’; for ll from ln comp. voll and Wolle.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Strahl

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Strahl | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Strahl, m., ‘ray, beam,’ from MidHG. strâl, strâle, m. and f., OHG. strâla, f., ‘arrow, flash of lightning’ (OHG. donerstrâla, ‘flash of lighting’); corresponding to Du. straal, AS. strœ̂l, ‘arrow.’ These West Teut. cognates (whence Ital. strale, ‘arrow’) are closely connected with OSlov. strěla, ‘arrow’ (whence Russ. strěla, ‘arrow,’ hence Strelitze lit. ‘marksman, archer’). To these are allied strahlen, ‘to beam, radiate’ (occurring in ModHG only), and also the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Stotz

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Stotz | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Stotz, m., ‘stump of a tree,’ ModHG. only; early history obscure.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Strand

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Strand | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Strand, m., ‘strand, beach,’ from late MidHG. (MidG.) strant (d), m., adopted as a literary term from LG.; comp. Du. strand, AS. strand, E. strand, OIc. strǫnd. These cognates, from which OFr. étrain is borrowed, cannot be traced farther back. To this is allied the ModHG. stranden, equiv. to Du. stranden, E. to strand. Comp. Ufer.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Storren

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Storren | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Storren, m., ‘stump of a tree,’ from the equiv. MidHG. storre, OHG. storro, m., which is connected with OHG. storrên, MidHG. storren, ‘to stand out, project’ (Goth. andstaúrran, ‘to grumble, murmur’; root star, see starr. To this is allied störrig, adv., ‘stubbornly, obstinately,’ ModHG. only; lit. ‘clod-like, of the nature of a clod.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/ledig

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ledig | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ledig, adj., from the equiv. MidHG. lëdic, lëdec (g), ‘unoccupied, free, untrammelled’; the modern UpG. dials. point to MidHG. lędic. OHG. *lëdag, lędig, as well as Goth. *liþags are wanting; the following, however, are recorded: OIc. liþugr, ‘free, untrammelled,’ MidE. leþi, adj. ‘unoccupied, empty,’ MidDu. lëdech, MidLG. leddich, ledich, ‘at leisure, unemployed.’ The prim. word is MidE. lę̂the, ‘leisure, spare time’ (AS. leoþu?), to which is allied lêthen (leþin), ‘to set free’ (AS. ût-, a-leoþian?), as well as MidDu. onlêde, ‘want of leisure, grief.’ On account of the absence of the word in the OTeut. dials. it is difficult to determine the evolution in meaning. Must we connect it with Goth. unlêds, AS. unlœ̂de, ‘poor, unhappy,’ or with Lat. lîber (for lîthero?), ‘free’?
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/leer

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/leer | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ leer, adj., from the equiv. MidHG. lœ̂re, OHG. and OSax. lâri, ‘empty, void’; comp. AS. lœre, gelœ̂re, MidE. ilêre, E. dial. leer, ‘empty, with an empty stomach, hungry.’ It can hardly be determined whether the r represents by rhotacism an earlier s. Perhaps Goth. lasiws, ‘powerless, weak,’ AS. lęswe, ‘weak’ (MidHG. erlęswen, ‘to grow weak’), as well as OIc. lasenn, ‘demolished,’ are the nearest cognates of leer.
​ leer, if derived from Teut. lêya, may be connected with OIr. lia, 'hunger.'
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/lehnen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/lehnen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ lehnen (1.), vb., ‘to lean, recline’; it combines MidHG. lënen, linen, intr., ‘to rest (on),’ and (through the medium of MidG.) MidHG. leinen, trans., ‘to lean,’ OHG. linên, earlier hlinên, intr., and leinen, hleinen, trans.; corresponds to AS. hlinian, hleonian, intr., and hlœ̂nan, trans., ‘to lean.’ The real stem is hli, the n is a verbal suffix (in Lehne, however, corresponding to Gr. κλί-νη, a nominal suffix). The graded form of hlī̆, hlai, has been preserved in Leiter; it also existed in an OTeut. *hlaiwaz, *hlaiwiz, n., ‘hill’ (Goth. hlaiw, AS. hlœ̂w, OHG. lêo for hlêo), as well as in Goth. hlains, m., ‘hill,’ OIc. hlein, f., ‘projecting rock.’ The root hlī̆, unpermutated klī̆, appears in the non-Teut. languages with numerous cognates; Gr. κλἷ-νω, ‘to lean,’ κλἷ-μαξ f., ‘ladder, stairs’ (comp. Leiter), κλῖ-νη, ‘couch,’ κλι-σία, ‘conch, easy-chair, tent’ (comp. Goth. hlei-þra, f., ‘tent’), κλι-τύς, ‘hill,’ κλῖ-τος, κλίτος, n., ‘hill’ (comp. ModHG. Leite, f., OIc. hlíþ, f., AS. hlĭþ, n., ‘hill’); Lat. clinare, ‘to incline,’ clivus, m., ‘hill,’ with which are allied Lith. szlýti, ‘to incline to one side,’ szlëti, ‘to lean against,’ szlaítas, ‘slope.’ Hence, according to these allied meanings, the idea is ‘to rise gradually, assume a wry form or a slanting position.’
lehnen (2.), vb., ‘to lend,’ from MidHG. lêhenen, OHG. lêhanôn, ‘to bestow as a fief, lend’; comp. Lehen, and further also leihen; allied to AS. lœ̂nan (pret. lœ̂nde), E. to lend.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/laß

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/laß | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ laß, adj., ‘inactive, idle,’ from MidHG. laȥ (ȥȥ), ‘faint, idle, tardy’ (see letzen); it corresponds to Goth. lats, OIc. latr, AS. lœt, MidLG. lat, adj., ‘sluggish, idle, lazy.’ A pre-Teut. adj. formed by gradation from the stem of lassen, lêt, of which lăt- is the weak form (see schlaff, OHG. slăf, from the root slêp). The close correspondence with Lat. lassus may be accounted for historically; lassus is an old partic. for *ladtus; lad is the pre-Teut. root on which ModHG. laß is based; comp. lasch, lassen, and letzt. The assumption, however, that HG. laß was borrowed from the Rom. cognates (Ital. lasso, Fr. las, Lat. lassus) is inconceivable.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/leck

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/leck | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ leck, adj., ‘leaky,’ ModHG. only, a LG. form for an earlier and strictly HG. lech, for, according to the words quoted under lechzen, the Goth. root is lik (hlik?), and this adj. corresponds to the OIc. adj. lekr, ‘leaky,’ whose k would be represented in HG. by ch. The borrowing of the ModHG. word from LG. is explained by the fact that a great number of nautical expressions in ModHG. are of LG. origin; the HG. form lech is also found in the dials. MidHG. lęcken, vb., ‘to moisten’ (lęcke, f., ‘moistening’), has ck for earlier kj, as is shown by AS. lęččean, ‘to moisten’ (from lakjan). Both vbs. prove that ‘to be watery’ is the prim. meaning of the Teut. stem lek (by gradation lak). ModHG. lecken, ‘to leak,’ is no more connected with MidHG. lęcken, ‘to moisten,’ than it is with ModHG. lecken, ‘to lick’; it is a derivative of the adj. leck, and hence has the variant lechen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/lecken

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/lecken | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ lecken (1.), vb., ‘to lick,’ from the equiv. MidHG. lëcken, OHG. lëcchôn (for Goth. *likkôn). It corresponds to Du. likken, AS. liccian, E. to lick. The vb. likkôn, ‘to lick,’ common to E. and G., is related to Goth. laigôn, apart from the gradation, as HG. Ziege (Goth. *tigô) is to Zicklein (Goth. *tikkein), or as Hut (Goth. *hôda-) is to AS. hœtt (Goth. *hattu-). Goth. *likkôn, ‘to lick,’ is also authenticated by the equiv. Rom. cognates borrowed from it, Ital. leccare, Fr. lécher. A Teut. root slikk seems to be preserved in ModHG. schlecken, OIc. sleikja, ‘to lick.’ Goth. *laigôn is based on an Aryan root lī̆gh, leigh, loigh; Gr. λείχω, ‘to lick,’ λιχνεύω, ‘to lick, taste by stealth,’ λίχνος, ‘glutton, dainty’; Sans. rih, lih, ‘to lick’; OSlov. ližą (liżati), and Lith. lëżiù (lêżti), ‘to lick’; Lat. lingo, ‘to lick,’ and allied to this perhaps Lat. lingua (Lith. lëżùvis), ‘tongue’; OIr. ligim, ‘to lick.’
lecken (2.), löcken, vb., ‘to kick, hop,’ from the equiv. MidHG. lęcken, wk. vb., in Goth. perhaps *lakjan, which may be connected with Gr. λάξ, adv. λάγιδην, ‘with the foot.’ Its kinship with Goth. laikan, ‘to spring, hop,’ is improbable.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/legen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/legen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ legen, vb., ‘to lay, put,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. lęgen, lęcken, wk. vb.; prop. ‘to cause to lie,’ hence a factitive of liegen. It corresponds to OSax. lęggian, Du. leggen, AS. lęčgan, E. to lay, OIc. legja, Goth. lagjan, wk. vb., ‘to lay.’ Comp. liegen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/leben

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/leben | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ leben, vb., ‘to live,’ from the equiv. MidHG. lëben, OHG. lëbên; corresponding to Goth. liban (pret. libaida), AS. libban, E. to live, Du. leven; Scand. lifą, ‘to live,’ and also ‘to be remaining.’ This proves the identity of the stem lib, ‘to live,’ with that of bleiben (Goth. bileiban); hence the connection with Gr. λΓπαραεῖν, ‘to persist', to which λιπαρής, ‘persistent, industrious,’ is allied, probably also Lith. lìpti, ‘to adhere.’ Comp. bleiben and Leib.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/lavieren

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/lavieren | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ lavieren, vb., ‘to veer, tack,’ ModHG. only, from Du. laveeren, whence also Fr. louvoyer.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/lechzen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/lechzen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ lechzen, vb., ‘to be parched with thirst,’ from MidHG. lëchzen, lëchezen, prop. ‘to dry,’ then ‘to be parched with thirst’ (comp. Durst). It is connected with the earlier ModHG. adj. lëch, ‘leaky,’ for which the LG. form is used (comp. leck), MidHG. lëchen, ‘to dry up, crack and leak through dryness’; in Goth. probably a str. vb. ​*likan; comp. OIc. leka, ‘to drip, leak’; E. to leak, AS. leccan, ‘to water.’ The Goth. stem is probably lik, by gradation lak (or rather hlak). OIr. legaim, ‘to melt away, dissolve,’ is closely related in sound and meaning. Comp. also the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/unlängst

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry unlängst. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ unlängst, adverb, ‘recently, of late,’ from Middle High German unlanges (unlange), ‘short time,’ with an excrescent t as in Obst, Art.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/unterthan

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry unterthan. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ unterthan, adjective ‘subject to, dependent,’ from the equivalent Middle High German undertân, Old High German untartân. Properly a participle of Middle High German undertuon, Old High German untartuon, ‘to subjugate, bring into subjection.’ See thun.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ungefähr

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ungefähr. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ungefähr, see ohngefähr.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ungeschlacht

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ungeschlacht. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ungeschlacht, see geschlacht.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/unwirsch

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry unwirsch. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ unwirsch, adjective, ‘cross, rude, morose,’ from Middle High German (rare) unwirs, usually unwirdesch, ‘unworthy, contemptuous, indignant, angry.’ Compare Middle High German unwërt, ‘despised, unsuited, disagreeable’; allied to wert. See also wirsch.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ungeheuer

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ungeheuer. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ungeheuer, adjective, ‘monstrous, atrocious,’ from Middle High German ungehiure, Old High German ungihiuri, ‘uncanny, frightful’; allied to Angeheuer, neuter, ‘monster,’ from Middle High German ungehiure, ‘savage, dragon, ghostly creature,’ Old High German ungihiurì, ‘monster.’ See geheuer.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/unten

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry unten. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ unten, adverb, ‘below, beneath, ​underneath,’ from the equivalent Middle High German unden, Old High German untanân. Allied to unter, preposition and adverb, ‘below, under,’ from Middle High German and Old High German unter, under, Old Low German untar (preposition); but untari, adverb; corresponding to Gothic and Old Saxon undar, Dutch onder, Anglo-Saxon and English under. The Aryan preposition ndhér, on which these are based, appears also in Latin infra (compare inferior) and Sanscrit adhás, ‘beneath’ (adhara, ‘the lower’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/unterwegen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry unterwegen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ unterwegen, unterwegs, adverb, ‘on the way,’ from Middle High German under wëgen, ‘on the way, away.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ungestüm

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ungestüm. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ungestüm, adjective, ‘blustering, impetuous,’ from Middle High German ungestüeme, Old High German ungistuomi (unstuom), adjective, ‘stormy, impetuous’; the unnegatived form of the adjective was extremely rare in Old High German and Middle High German. Based on a verbal root stam, as in Middle High German stęmen (Modern High German stemmen, from *stamjan), ‘to check, restrain,’ which appears also in Modern High German stammeln. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/uns

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry uns. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ uns, pronoun, ‘us, to us,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German uns, in the same form common to Teutonic to supplement the declension of wir. Compare Dutch ons, Old Low German and Anglo-Saxon âs (English us), Gothic uns. This uns (from ns) is certainly connected with Latin nos (noster), Greek ἡμεῖς (for *ἀσ-μεῖς), and Sanscrit nas, ‘us’; compare wir. — Allied to unser, possessive pronoun, ‘our,’ from Middle High German unser, Old High German unsêr, The detailed history of the prenom. stem belongs to grammar.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume III/Apologetic/The Chaplet, or De Corona/Chapter VIII

Chapter VIII.
Hold fast in the meantime this persuasion, while I examine a question which comes in our way. For I already hear it is said, that many other things as well as crowns have been invented by those whom the world believes to be gods, and that they are notwithstanding to be met with both in our present usages and in those of early saints, and in the service of God, and in Christ Himself, who did His work as man by no other than these ordinary instrumentalities of human life. Well, let it be so; nor shall I inquire any further back into the origin of this things. Let Mercury have been the first who taught the knowledge of letters; I will own that they are requisite both for the business and commerce of life, and for performing our devotion to God. Nay, if he also first strung the chord to give forth melody, I will not deny, when listening to David, that this invention has been in use with the saints, and has ministered to God. Let Æsculapius have been the first who sought and discovered cures: Esaias mentions that he ordered Hezekiah medicine when he was sick. Paul, too, knows that a little wine does the stomach good. Let Minerva have been the first who built a ship: I shall see Jonah and the apostles sailing. Nay, there is more than this: for even Christ, we shall find, has ordinary raiment; Paul, too, has his cloak. If at once, of every article of furniture and each household vessel, you name some god of the world as the originator, well, I must recognise Christ, both as He reclines on a couch, and when He presents a basin for the feet of His disciples, and when He pours water into it from a ewer, and when He is girt about with a linen towel—a garment specially sacred to Osiris. It is thus in general I reply upon the point, admitting indeed that we use along with others these articles, but challenging that this be judged in the light of the distinction between things agreeable and things opposed to reason, because the promiscuous employment of them is deceptive, concealing the corruption of the creature, by which it has been made subject to vanity. For we affirm that those things only are proper to be used, whether by ourselves or by those who lived before us, and alone befit the service of God and Christ Himself, which to meet the necessities of human life supply what is simply; useful and affords real assistance and honourable comfort, so that they may be well believed to have come from God’s own inspiration, who first of all no doubt provided for and taught and ministered to the enjoyment, I should suppose, of His own man. As for the things which are out of this class, they are not fit to be used among us, especially those which on that account indeed are not to be found either with the world, or in the ways of Christ.
* ↑ Isa. xxxviii. 21.
* ↑ 1 Tim. v. 23.
* ↑ 2 Tim. iv. 13. [This is a useful comment as showing what this φαιλόνη was. Our author translates it by pænula. Of which more when we reach the De Pallio.]
* ↑ John xiii. 1–5.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume III/Apologetic/The Chaplet, or De Corona/Chapter XIV

Chapter XIV.
Much less may the Christian put the service of idolatry on his own head—nay, I might have said, upon Christ, since Christ is the Head of the Christian man—(for his head) is as free as even Christ is, under no obligation to wear a covering, not to say a band. But even the head which is bound to have the veil, I mean woman’s, as already taken possession of by this very thing, is not open also to a band. She has the burden of her own humility to bear. If she ought not to appear with her head uncovered on account of the angels, much more with a crown on it will she offend those (elders) who perhaps are then wearing crowns above. For what is a crown on the head of a woman, but beauty made seductive, but mark of utter wantonness,—a notable casting away of modesty, a setting temptation on fire? Therefore a woman, taking counsel from the apostles’ foresight, will not too elaborately adorn herself, that she may not either be crowned with any exquisite arrangement of her hair. What sort of garland, however, I pray you, did He who is the Head of the man and the glory of the woman, Christ Jesus, the Husband of the church, submit to in behalf of both sexes? Of thorns, I think, and thistles,—a figure of the sins which the soil of the flesh brought forth for us, but which the power of the cross removed, blunting, in its endurance by the head of our Lord, death’s every sting. Yes, and besides the figure, there is contumely with ready lip, and dishonour, and infamy, and the ferocity involved in the cruel things which then disfigured and lacerated the temples of the Lord, that you may now be crowned with laurel, and myrtle, and olive, and any famous branch, and which is of more use, with hundred-leaved roses too, culled from the garden of Midas, and with both kinds of lily, and with violets of all sorts, perhaps also with gems and gold, so as even to rival that crown of Christ which He afterwards obtained. For it was after the gall He tasted the honeycomb and He was not greeted as King of Glory in heavenly places till He had been condemned to the cross as King of the Jews, having first been made by the Father for a time a little less than the angels, and so crowned with glory and honour. If for these things, you owe your own head to Him, repay it if you can, such as He presented His for yours; or be not crowned with flowers at all, if you cannot be with thorns, because you may not be with flowers.
* ↑ 1 Cor. xi. 10. [Does he here play on the use of the word angels in the Revelation? He seems to make it = elders.]
* ↑ Rev. iv. 4.
* ↑ 1 Tim. ii. 9; 1 Pet. iii. 3.
* ↑ [A very striking collocation of Matt. xxvii. 34, and Luke xxiv. 42.]