OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmerz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmerz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmerz, masculine, ‘pain,’ from the equivalent Middle High German smërz, masculine, Old High German smërzo, masculine, smërza, feminine; allied to Old High German smërzan, verb, Middle High German smërzen, ‘to smart, pain,’ Anglo-Saxon smeortan, ‘to pain, smart,’ English smart, verb and substantive Middle English smerte, English smart, adjective, make it probable that the cognates are related to Latin mordêre, ‘to bite,’ Greek σμερδνός, σμερδαλεός, ‘horrible'; the Aryan root smerd, Teutonic smert, signifies perhaps ‘to stick, bite.’ Compare bitter.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmetterling

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmetterling. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmetterling, masculine, ‘butterfly,’ Modern High German only; in the earlier periods a term closely connected with Modern High German Falter (Zweifalter) is used. In most of the Modern High German dialects this literary term is also wanting; in Bavarian müllermaler (so too in the Fulda dialectic) or sommervogel, Suabian baufalter or weifalter. In other dialects occur Milchdieb, Molkendieb (Westphalian also molkentövener, smantlecker), Low German Buttervogel or Butterfliege (Anglo-Saxon butorfleóge, English butterfly), which may perhaps explain Modern High German Schmetterling. The latter term is probably derived from Modern High German Schmetten, ‘cream,’ which, like Schmetterling, is native to the eastern part of Middle ​Germany (see Schmant). Compare further Dutch vlinder.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmied

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmied. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmied, masculine, ‘smith,’ from Middle High German smit, Old High German smid, masculine, ‘worker in metal.’ Gothic aiza-smiþa, ‘smith,’ literally ‘worker in brass,’ and ga-smiþôn, ‘to work (do smith’s work),’ show that the High German meaning is specialisation of the signification ‘faber, worker in art’; Old Icelandic smiðr, masculine, ‘worker in metal or wood’; compare Anglo-Saxon smiþ, English smith, Dutch smid. Modern High German Schmiede, feminine, based on Schmied, is derived from the equivalent Middle High German smitte, Old High German smitta, feminine, ‘smithy,’ which again comes from Gothic *smiþjo (þj became þþj in West Teutonic, and the þþ was permutated to tt in High German; compare Fittich); compare Old Icelandic smiðja, Anglo-Saxon smiþþe, feminine, English smithy, and the equivalent Dutch smisse. With the root smī̆, ‘to work artistically in hard material — wood, brass,’ preserved in Gothic *smi-þa, masculine, are connected Old High German smeidar, ‘artist, artifex daedalus,’ and the words discussed under Geschmeide. Compare also Greek σμΐλη ‘graving tool,’ σμι-νύη, ‘hoe.’ For its connection with other terms see under schmeicheln.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmerle

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmerle. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmerle, feminine, ‘loach,’ from Middle High German smërl, smërle, feminine, ‘loach, groundling’; Middle High German also smërlinc, masculine, and smërlîn, neuter; of obscure origin.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmiele

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmiele. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmiele, feminine, ‘hair-grass, bulrush,’ from the equivalent Middle High German smilehe, smëlehe, feminine; Old High German *smëlaha, smilaha, or rather smëlawa, smilawa, and Gothic *smilhwi, feminine, are wanting; allied to Middle High German smëlhe, adjective, ‘narrow.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quentchen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quentchen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quentchen, neuter, ‘drachm, dram,’ from Middle High German quëntîn (quintîn), ‘fourth (originally perhaps fifth?) part of a Lot (half-an-ounce)’; from Middle Latin quintînus, which is wanting in Romance.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Rabe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Rabe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Rabe, masculine, ‘raven,’ from the equivalent Middle High German rabe (rappe), Old High German rabo (*rappo), masculine, also Middle High German raben, Old High German raban, hraban, and Middle High German ram (mm), Old High German ram, hram (with mm for mn), masculine, ‘raven’; all these forms point to Gothic *hrabns. Compare Old Icelandic hrafn, Anglo-Saxon hrœfn, masculine, English raven, Dutch raaf, rave (compare Rappe). The proper names Wolf-ram, Old High German Hraban, and Modern High German Rapp preserve the old variants. Perhaps ​these cognates with Latin corvus, Greek κόραξ, ‘raven,’ Latin cornir, and Greek κορώνη, ‘crow,’ belong to the same root; yet the Teutonic form has a peculiar structure of its own, which, contrary to the usual assumption, presents some difficulties.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Rachen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Rachen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Rachen, masculine, ‘throat, jaws, abyss,’ from the equivalent Middle High German rache, Old High German rahho, masculine, for the earlier *hrahho; compare Anglo-Saxon hraca, masculine, ‘throat,’ perhaps also Anglo-Saxon hracca, ‘back of the head, nape,’ English rack, ‘neck of mutton’; also Dutch raak, ‘back part of the palate, inner parts of the month.’ Further references for determining the origin of the word are wanting; no relation to Kragen is possible.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quetsche

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quetsche. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quetsche, feminine, see Zwetsche.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quitte

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quitte. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quitte, feminine, ‘quince,’ from the equivalent Middle High German quiten, feminine (Old High German *quitina is wanting), with the remarkable variant küten, from Old High German chutina (Swiss χütene), ‘quince.’ This latter form alone renders it possible that Quitte was borrowed from the equivalent Romance cotônea, which is probably represented by Italian cotogna and French coing (whence English quince and Dutch kwee). The connection between Latin cotônea (parallel form cottanum) and Greek κυδώνεα is obscure, and so is the relation of Old High German *quitina to chutina. if the word was borrowed, it was introduced contemporaneously with Pflaume.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Rache

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Rache. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Rache, feminine, ‘revenge, vengeance,’ from Middle High German râche, Old High German râhha, feminine; allied to rächen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Racker

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Racker. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Racker, masculine, ‘layer, hangman's servant,’ Modern High German only; compare Dutch rakker, ‘beadle, hangman.’ Lessing suggested that it was allied to recken, ‘to put to the rack.’ It is now usually connected with Low German racken, ‘to sweep together,’ and Middle Low German racker, ‘flayer, knacker, nightman.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quendel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quendel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quendel, masculine, ‘wild thyme,’ from the equivalent Middle High German quëndel, most frequently quënel (konel), Old High German quënala (chonala), feminine; compare Dutch kwendel, Anglo-Saxon cunele. It is hardly probable that this is an early loan-word from Latin conîla (Greek κονίλη), ‘thyme,’ since the Romance languages have not preserved the word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quirl

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quirl. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quirl, masculine, ‘whisk, twirling stick,’ from the equivalent Middle High German twirel, twirl!, Old High German dwiril, ‘stirring stick’; akin to Middle High German twërn, Old High German dwëran, ‘to turn, stir’; allied to the equivalent Old Icelandic substantive þvara. With the Teutonic root þwer (Aryan twer), are connected Greek τορύνη, and Latin trua, ‘stirring spoon.’ It is doubtful whether Quark is allied.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlot

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlot. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlot, masculine, ‘chimney, flue, channel,’ from Middle High German and Old High German slât, masculine, ‘chimney, fireside, mouth of an oven.’ A word peculiar to Middle German; of obscure origin.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlucht

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlucht. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlucht, feminine, ‘ravine, gorge,’ Modern High German only, formed from Low German, for earlier Modern High German and High German Schluft; for Low German cht, representing High German ft, see sacht, beschwichtigen, and Nichte. Middle High German (rare) sluft, ‘ravine,’ belongs to the Teutonic root slū̆p, ‘to' slip,’ discussed under Schleife.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlupf

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlupf. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlupf, masculine, ‘slip, refuge, pass, defile,’ from Middle High German slupf, ‘noose, cord,’ allied to Middle High German slüpfen, Middle High German and Old High German slupfen, Modern High German schlüpfen, ‘to slip,’ which is an intensive of Middle High German sliefen, ‘to slide, slip,’ corresponding to Gothic sliupan, ‘to slip’; Latin lûbricus seems to be primitively allied to it. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlund

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlund. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlund, masculine, ‘gullet, throat, chasm,’ from Middle High German and Old High German slunt, masculine, ‘gullet, throat, neck, abyss’; allied to Middle High German slinden, Modern High German schlingen (2), but with the preservation of the old dental, which schlingen has changed into a guttural.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schloß

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schloß. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schloß, neuter, ‘lock, clasp; castle, palace,’ from Middle High German slō̆ȥ, neuter, ‘bolt, band, lock, fetter, castle, citadel,’ Old High German slŏȥ, neuter, ‘lock, bolt’; corresponding to Northern English slot, sloat, ‘bolt, crossbar’; allied to schließen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schluft

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schluft. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schluft, see Schlucht.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlummern

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlummern. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlummern, verb, ‘to slumber,’ from the equivalent late Middle High German (Middle German) slummeren, slumen; compare Dutch sluimeren; Anglo-Saxon slûmerian, English to slumber, Anglo-Saxon slûma, Northern English sloom, ‘to slumber.’ The root (Alemannian šlûne, šlûre, ‘to slumber’) contained in these words appears in Gothic slawan (slawaida), ‘to be silent,’ in a curious divergent meaning, to which Middle High German slûr, masculine, ‘idling, idler’ (compare Schlaraffe), is also allied. The primary idea of the whole group is ‘to be quiet, inactive.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlitz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlitz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlitz, masculine, ‘slit, gash,’ from Middle High German sliz (genitive slitzes), Old High German sliz, sliȥ, masculine, ‘cleaving, breach’ (compare English slit); allied to schleißen. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schloße

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schloße. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schloße, feminine, ‘hail, hailstone, sleet,’ from the equivalent Middle High German slôȥe, feminine, slôȥ (masculine and neuter?); Old High German *slôȥa is wanting; compare Dutch slote (Old Saxon *slôta), Anglo-Saxon *slŷt, *slête, English sleet (Gothic *slauti- is wanting). The origin of the cognates is obscure; it is scarcely derived from the root slū̆t, ‘to lock,’ as if hail were regarded as ‘that which is bound together compared with the soft snowflakes and the streaming rain.’ —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlohe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlohe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlohe, feminine, ‘sloe,’ from the equivalent Middle High German slêhe, Old High German slêha, feminine; a common Teutonic term; compare Dutch slee, Anglo-Saxon slâ, slâhaœ, feminine, English sloe, Swedish slån, Danish slaaen, ‘sloe’; Gothic *slaihô, or rather *slaihwô, are by chance not recorded. The cognates are usually connected with Low German slee, ‘blunt’; compare Old High German slêo, Old Saxon slêo (Dutch sleeuw, ‘bitter, harsh’), Anglo-Saxon slâw (English slow), Old Icelandic sljór, slœ́r, ‘blunt,’ hence the literally meaning of Schlehe is perhaps ‘the fruit that makes the teeth blunt.’ Yet the latter terms imply Gothic *slaiwa-, and the former Gothic *slaihô (*slaihwô), the explanation is dubious. So too, for the same reason, is the comparison with Old Slovenian sliva (Lithuanian slýwas), ‘plum,’ for which we should expect a Goth *sláiwô (though Anglo-Saxon slâ points to *sláihô).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sumpf

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Sumpf. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sumpf, masculine, ‘swamp, bog, marsh,’ from the equivalent Middle High German sumpf (wanting in Old High German, in which sumft is used). Corresponding to Dutch somp, and with an old gradation English swamp (dialectic sump). Old High German giswumft and Gothic swumfel, ‘pond,’ are differently derived. Its connection with schwimmen (Sumpf, ‘porous soil’?) is very dubious; it is preferable to connect it with Old Icelandic svǫppr, ‘sponge.’ The Teutonic root was probably swemp; English dialectic swanky, ‘marshy,’ may point to an originally swenq.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Säbel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Säbel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Säbel, masculine, ‘sabre,’ from the equivalent late Middle High German and early Modern High German Sabel and Sebel, masculine, which, like the equivalent French and English sabre and Italian sciabla, seems to be derived from the East; the ultimate source is still uncertain. The Slavonic words, such as Russian sablja, Polish szabla, Servian sablja, us well as Hun. száblya, appear to have been borrowed.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Säge

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Säge. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Säge, feminine, ‘saw,’ from the equivalent Middle High German sëge, sage, Old High German sëga, saga, feminine; compare Dutch zaag, Anglo-Saxon sage, feminine, and sagu, feminine, English saw; Old Icelandic sǫg, feminine (Gothic *saga, feminine, is wanting). A derivative of an Aryan root sek, sok, whence also Latin secâre, ‘to cut,’ securis, ‘hatchet’; see further under Sichel. The ä of Modern High German Säge is based, as is indicated by the modern Alemannian dialects, on ë; hence there is the same gradation in Old High German sëga and saga as in Old High German rëhho and Anglo-Saxon racu (see Rechen), or in High German Nacken and English neck. With the Aryan root sek, sok, are also connected in Teutonic, Old High German sahs, ‘sword’ (see Messer), English scythe, and Anglo-Saxon sîðe, from sigþe; compare Old Icelandic sigðr, masculine, ‘sickle,’ Old High German sëh, Middle High German sëch, ‘ploughshare,’ and the cognates of Sense.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sutter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Sutter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sutter, masculine, ‘sea-adder,’ early Modern High German only, from late Middle High German sutteren, ‘to boil over’; allied, like Middle High German Sudel, to sieden.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Säbenbaum

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Säbenbaum. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Säbenbaum, see Sebenbaum.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sämischleder

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Sämischleder. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sämischleder, neuter, Modern High German only, corresponding to the equivalent English chamois leather (also shammy), French peaux chamoisees; of obscure origin, perhaps from Russian zamša, ‘wash-leather.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Suppe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Suppe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Suppe, feminine, ‘soup, broth’; late Middle High German suppe (soppe), feminine, ‘broth, sauce, soup’; properly a Middle German and Low German word, the pp of which would be represented by pf in genuine High German. Allied to the root sū̆p, ‘to drink’; compare Middle High German supfen, ‘to sip, drink’ (Dutch soppen, English to sop) and saufen. Compare Dutch sop and soep. The Low German word passed into Romance; compare Italian zuppa, ‘wine soup,’ Spanish sopa, French soupe, whence the equivalent English soup (Old French souppe, ‘sop’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Säule

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Säule. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Säule (1.) (Bavarian Saul), feminine, ‘pillar,’ from the equivalent Middle High German sûl (plural siule), Old High German sûl (plural sûli), feminine; compare Dutch zuil, Anglo-Saxon sŷl; Old Icelandic súla, ‘pillar’; also, with gradation, Gothic sauls, feminine, ‘pillar.’ Perhaps Schwelle is primitively allied.
Säule (2.), feminine, ‘awl,’ from Middle High German siule, Old High German siula, feminine, ‘awl, punch’ (Gothic *siwila, feminine); connected with the Aryan root sī̆w, “the primitively word for leather-work” (see Ahle). Compare Gothic sinjan, Old High German siuwan, Anglo-Saxon seówian, English to sew; also Latin suo, ‘I sew,’ sutor, ‘cobbler,’ Greek κασ-σύω, ‘to patch, stitch,’ Sanscrit root sîw, ‘to sew,’ Old Slovenian ši-ti, ‘to sew.’ In a sense corresponding to that of Middle High German siule we find Latin subula and Old Slovenian šilo, which are formed from the same root. Compare the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sund

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Sund. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sund, masculine, ‘sound, strait,’ early Modern High German only, a Middle German and Low German word; compare Anglo-Saxon sund, English sound, Old Icelandic sund, ‘sea, strait.’ The connection with Gothic sundrô, ‘separated’ (see sonders), is open to objection on account of the meaning (Sund, literally ‘division between countries and islands’?). It is preferable to link it with Anglo-Saxon and Old Icelandic sund, neuter, ‘swimming,’ which is an abstract of schwimmen (sunda- for swm-tó-, allied to the root swem); by this assumption Sund is regarded as ‘the place where one can swim.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Säumer

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Säumer. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Säumer, ‘beast of burden, driver of sumpter-beasts,’ from Middle High German soumœre, Old High German soumâri, ‘beast of burden,’ Anglo-Saxon seámere; formed from Middle Latin sagmarius. —