OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Daly, Denis

​DALY, DENIS (1747–1791), Irish politician, was the eldest son of James Daly of Carrownakelly and Dunsandle, county Galway, by his wife Catherine, daughter of Sir Ralph Gore, bart., a sister of Ralph, earl of Ross. He was the great-grandson of the Right Hon. Denis Daly, second justice of the common pleas in Ireland, who died on 11 March 1720. Daly was born on 24 Jan. 1747, and was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, but it does not appear that he ever took his degree. At a bye election in 1767 he was returned to the Irish parliament for the borough of Galway, and in 1768 for the county. He continued to sit for this constituency until 1790, when he was returned for Galway town. At the previous general election of 1783 he had been elected both for the county and the town, but had chosen to continue his representation of the former. In August 1778 he moved an address to the king for the removal of the embargo, but though strenuously supported by Grattan, Yelverton, and Fitzgerald, the motion was rejected. Though possessing a great reputation among his contemporaries as a speaker, he did not often join in the debates, and rarely spoke without having first carefully prepared his speech. In 1780 he opposed the measure of independence, and in the following year accepted the office of muster-master-general, with a salary of 1,200l. a year. In 1783 he opposed Flood's bill for parliamentary reform; but, though now a ministerialist, he still continued to retain the respect of the opposition. His friendship with Grattan, who had the greatest reliance on his judgment, remained unbroken to the last. Daly was good-humoured and indolent, fond of books, and a good classical scholar. His library, which was sold after his death for over 3,760l., contained many valuable books. He died at Dunsandle on 10 Oct. 1791, in his forty-fifth year. Daly married, on 5 July 1780, Lady Henrietta Maxwell, only daughter and heiress of Robert, earl of Farnham, by his wife Henrietta, countess-dowager of Stafford. His family consisted of two sons and six daughters. His eldest son, James, sometime M.P. for Galway county, was on 6 June 1845 created Baron Dunsandle and Clan Conal in the kingdom of Ireland, and died on 7 Aug. 1847. His other son, Robert, became bishop of Cashel in 1843, and died on 16 Feb. 1872. Denis Daly's widow survived him for many years, and died at Bromley, county Wicklow, on 6 March 1852. The present Baron Dunsandle is his grandson. In Grattan's opinion Daly's death was an irretrievable loss to Ireland, and he is reported to have said that had Daly lived there would probably have been no insurrection, for ‘he would have spoken to the people with authority, and would have restrained the government’ (Grattan, Memoirs, i. 295). According to Grattan's biographer, Daly ‘had as much talent as Malone, with more boldness; he surpassed Hussey Burgh in statement, though he was not so good in reply; and he was superior to Flood in general powers, though without his force of invective’ (ib. p. 291).
G. F. R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Campbell, Robert Calder

1904 Errata appended.
​CAMPBELL, ROBERT CALDER (1798–1857), major, H.E.I.C.S., miscellaneous writer, son of a presbyterian minister, was born in Scotland in 1798. In 1817 he obtained a cadetship in the East India Company's service, and became a lieutenant on the Madras establishment on 2 Oct. 1818 and captain on 3 Oct. 1826. He served with the 43rd Madras native infantry in the Burmese war of 1826–7, for which he received the Indian war-medal. He was invalided in 1831, and subsequently was promoted to a majority in 1836. Campbell, who ​was described by the ‘Athenæum’ as ‘a graceful writer of the minor prose and poetry of his time, and a kind-hearted scholar and gentleman,’ was author of:
* ‘Lays from the East,’ London, 1831.
* ‘Rough Recollections of Rambles at Home and Abroad,’ London, 1847.
* ‘The Palmer's Last Lesson, and other Poems,’ London, 1848.
* ‘Winter Nights,’ London, 1850.
* ‘The Three Trials of Loide,’ London, 1851.
* ‘Episodes in the War-life of a Soldier, with Sketches in Prose and Verse,’ London, 1857, some of these containing reprints from magazines, to which Campbell was a frequent contributor.
He died at his residence in University Street, London, on 13 May 1857.
[Dodswell and Miles's Lists Indian Army; Athenæum, 23 May 1857, p. 664, also literary notices in preceding vols.; English Cat. of Books, 1835–60; Gent. Mag. 3rd series (ii.) p. 742.]
H. M. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.51 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 392 | i | 17 | Campbell, Robert C.: for Dodswell read Dodwell |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Campbell, Thomas (1790-1858)

​CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1790–1858), sculptor, was born in Edinburgh on 1 May 1790. His parents were in humble circumstances, and he had no education; but on being apprenticed to a marble-cutter he displayed intelligence and skill, and was enabled to come to London to study at the Royal Academy. In 1818 he received assistance which enabled him to visit Rome, and there he devoted himself to sculpture, associating chiefly with Italian and German artists. One of his first productions was a seated statue of the Princess Pauline Borghese (now at Chatsworth). In 1827 he sent from Rome his first work for exhibition in the Royal Academy—a bust of a lady; and in 1828, a group representing ‘Cupid instructed by Venus to assume the form of Ascanius.’ In 1830 he returned to England, having large commissions to execute there, but he still frequently visited Rome, where he retained his studio. During the last twenty-five years of his life he resided in London, and exhibited various works at the Academy (among others, a marble statue of Psyche) up to 1857, though his exhibitions were less frequent during the latter part of this period. He died in London on 4 Feb. 1858, having gained a considerable reputation and acquired a large property by his labours. Campbell was a painstaking and careful sculptor. He worked both in bronze and marble, devoting himself chiefly to busts (some of which were colossal) and to portrait statues, though he also executed imaginative statues and groups. In addition to his works already referred to may be mentioned: (1) A marble bust of Lord George Bentinck, preserved in the National Portrait Gallery at South Kensington; (2) the monument to the Duchess of Buccleuch at Boughton; (3) a statue of Queen Victoria, at Windsor Castle; ​(4) the monument of Sir William Hoste in St. Paul's Cathedral; (5) a marble statue of the Duke of Wellington, made for Dalkeith Palace, the seat of the Duke of Buccleuch, near Edinburgh; and (6) a statue of a Shepherd Boy in a Phrygian Cap (probably Ganymede): this statue was executed at Rome in 1821, and was deposited at Rossie Priory, the seat of Lord Kinnaird, near Dundee.
W. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Campbell, Willielma

1904 Errata appended.
​CAMPBELL, WILLIELMA, Viscountess Glenorchy (1741–1786), was the younger daughter of William Maxwell of Preston in the stewartry of Kirkcudbright, and his wife, Elizabeth Hairstanes of Craig in the same county. Some years after the death of Mr. Maxwell, which took place in 1741, her mother married Lord Alva, a senator of the College of Justice, and afterwards lord justice clerk, under whose roof Willielma Campbell grew up. In the spring of 1761 her elder sister was married to William, seventeenth earl of Sutherland, and in the autumn of the same year she herself was married to John, lord viscount Glenorchy, eldest son of the third earl of Breadalbane. Both sisters were celebrated for their beauty and accomplishments, and their mother's ambition for high marriages was successful; but both her sons-in-law died early, Lord and Lady Sutherland dying at Bath at the ​same time, leaving but one child, a daughter, while Lady Glenorchy, who became a widow in 1771, was childless. About her twenty-third year Lady Glenorchy came under religious impressions of the deepest kind, in a large degree through the instrumentality of the family of Sir Rowland Hill of Hawkstone in Staffordshire, in whose neighbourhood Lord Glenorchy's maternal estate of Sugnal was situated. She carried out her convictions with great consistency and earnestness. From her high rank Lady Glenorchy's name naturally became a household word and a centre of encouragement among all like-minded persons in Scotland, and was perpetuated by her building a chapel in Edinburgh, which was called after her, for religious worship such as she approved. Other chapels were built by her in Carlisle, Matlock, and at Strathfillan, on the Breadalbane property. By her will she left large sums to the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, chiefly for the maintenance of schools. Lady Glenorchy was so absorbed with the spiritual bearings of life that its more human aspects were somewhat overlooked. Her intense sincerity and consistency won the admiration, though hardly the sympathy, both of her husband, Lord Glenorchy, and her father-in-law, Lord Breadalbane.
[Life of Viscountess Glenorchy, by T. S. Jones, D.D., minister of her chapel, Edinburgh; Gardner's Christian Females.]
W. G. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.51 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 398 | i | 8 | Campbell, Willielma, Viscountess Glenorchy: for Staffordshire read Shropshire |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Asclepiodorus 2.

​ASCLEPIODO'RUS. 1. An Athenian painter, a contemporary of Apelles, who considered him to excel himself in the symmetry and correctness of his drawing. (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 21.) Plutarch (de Gloria Athen. 2) ranks him with Euphranor and Nicias.
2. A statuary, famed for statues of philosophers. (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 19. § 26.) [C. P. M.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Attius 1.

​A'TTIUS. [Accius and Atius.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Aristophilus

​ARISTO′PHILUS (Ἀριστόφιλος), a druggist, of Plataea in Boeotia, who lived probably in the fourth century B. C. He is mentioned by Theophrastus (Hist. Plant. ix. 18. §4) as possessing the knowledge of certain antaphrodisiac medicines, which he made use of either for the punishment or reformation of his slaves. [W. A. G.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Attius 2.

​A'TTIUS or ATTUS NA'VIUS. [Navius.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Attius Tullius

​A'TTIUS TU'LLIUS. [Tullius.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Atropates

​ATROPATES ('ATpoTrtfrTjs), called Atrapea by Diodorus (xviii. 4), a Persian satrap, apparently of Media, had the command of the Medes, together with the Cadusii, Albani, and Sacesinae, at the battle of Guagamela, b. c. 331. After the death of Dareius, he was made satrap of Media by Alexander. (Arrian, iii. 8, iv. 18.) His daughter was married to Perdiccas in the nuptials celebrated at Susa in b. c. 324; and he received from his father-in-law, after Alexander's death, the province of the Greater Media. (Arrian, vii. 4; Justin, xviii. 4; Diod. I. c.) In the northern part of the countrj', called after him Media Atropatene, he established an independent kingdom, which continued to exist down to the time of Strabo. (Strab. xi. p. 523.) It was related by some authors, that Atropates on one occasion presented Alexander with a hundred women, said to be Amazons; but Arrian (vii. 13) disbelieved the story.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Attilianus

​ATTILIA'NUS, a sculptor, a native of Aphrodisias. One of his productions, a statue of a muse, is in the museum at Florence. (Winckelmann, vol. vi. pt. 2. p. 341, note.) [C.P. M.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Attilius

​ATTI'LIUS. [Atilius.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Atrometus

​ATROMETUS. [Aerchixes, p. 36, b.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Denham, Michael Aislabie

​DENHAM, MICHAEL AISLABIE (d. 1859), collector of folklore, a native of Bowes, Yorkshire, was engaged in business at Hull in the early part of his life, and ultimately settled as a general merchant at Piersebridge, near Gainford, Durham, where he died on 10 Sept. 1859. ​He was an industrious collector of local proverbial lore. His works are: 1. ‘A Collection of Proverbs and Popular Sayings relating to the Seasons, the Weather, and Agricultural Pursuits, gathered chiefly from oral tradition,’ London, 1846, printed by the Percy Society. 2. ‘The Slogans, and War and Gathering Cries of the North of England,’ 1850, and with additions, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1851, 4to. 3. ‘A Collection of Bishoprick Rhymes, Proverbs, and Sayings,’ to which he afterwards added four tracts of the same kind, completing the last about 1858. 4. ‘Cumberland Rhymes, Proverbs, and Sayings,’ in four parts, the last of which appeared in 1854. 5. A similar work relating to Westmoreland, in two parts, 1858, &c. 6. ‘Roman Imperial Gold Coin,’ being a description of a coin of the Emperor Maximus [Durham (?) 1856], 8vo, under the pseudonym ‘Archæus.’ 7. ‘Folklore of the North,’ in six parts, whereof the last appeared in 1856. 8. ‘Folklore, or a Collection of Local Rhymes, Proverbs, Sayings, Prophecies, Slogans, &c., relating to Northumberland, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and Berwick-on-Tweed;’ Richmond, Yorkshire, 1858, 8vo. The impression was limited to fifty copies. 9. ‘Minor Tracts on Folklore,’ to the number of twenty, commencing about 1849 and terminating about 1854. 10. ‘A Classified Catalogue of the Antiquarian Tomes, Tracts, and Trifles’ which had been edited by himself, 1859.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Denholm, James

​DENHOLM, JAMES (1772–1818), teacher of drawing in Glasgow, rightly described as one of the ablest of the local chroniclers (Glasgow, Past and Present, i. 62), was author of ‘An Historical and Topographical Description of the City of Glasgow. By James Denholm, writer’ (Glasgow, 1797, 12mo), the contents of which have been largely appropriated by later compilers of local histories and guide-books. An enlarged edition appeared, in 12mo, in 1798, and the little book is understood to have gone through other editions. Denholm also wrote ‘A Descriptive Tour to the Principal Scotch and English Lakes. By James Denholm, of the Drawing and Painting Academy, Argyle Street, Member of the Philosophical and Philotechnical Societies’ (Glasgow, 8vo). The Philosophical Society was founded in 1802, and, according to the minute-book, Denholm became a member in 1803, and was president from 1811 to 1814. Biographical particulars of him are scanty. He died in Glasgow, at the age of forty-five, on 20 April 1818. The ‘Scots Magazine’ states that the productions of his pencil were much valued, and refers to the useful work done by him as a teacher of drawing, geography, &c. His name does not appear in any list of British artists.
H. M. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Denis, Peter

​DENIS, Sir PETER (d. 1778), vice-admiral, son of a protestant minister expelled from France, consequent on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and younger brother of Charles Denis [q. v.], was promoted to be a lieutenant in the navy on 12 Nov. 1739; and was serving in one of the ships which left England under Commodore Anson, when, on 2 Nov. 1740, he was moved by the commodore into the Centurion, in which ship he continued during the rest of the voyage; and on her return home and Anson's being called to a seat at the admiralty, was promoted to be post-captain 9 Feb. 1744–5. In 1746 he commanded the Windsor of 60 guns, and in 1747 his old ship, the Centurion, with a reduced armament of 50 guns. In her he took part in Anson's action with De la Jonquière, and afterwards carried home Anson's despatches. In the autumn, he joined the fleet under Hawke, but not till after the defeat of L'Etenduère. In 1754 he was returned to parliament for the borough of Hedon in Yorkshire, and early in 1755 was appointed to command the Medway of 60 guns. In her he continued on the home station during 1756, and sat as a member of the court-martial which tried and condemned Admiral John Byng. In 1757 he had command of the 90-gun ship Namur, which formed part of the fleet under Sir Edward Hawke in the unsuccessful expedition against Rochefort. In 1758 he commanded the Dorsetshire of 70 guns, in which ship he captured, after a sharp action, the French 64-gun ship Raisonnable on 19 April, and the following year shared in the great victory in Quiberon Bay. In March 1760 he was moved into the Thunderer, and in August 1761 commanded the Charlotte yacht, as flag-captain to Lord Anson, on the occasion of bringing over George III's bride, the Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg. He continued to command the yacht until 18 Oct. 1770, when he was promoted to be rear-admiral of the blue, having already been made a baronet, 19 Sept. 1767. In the spring of 1771 he was commander-in-chief of the Medway, and in the summer went out to the Mediterranean, with his flag in the Trident. His command there was unevent​ful. After his return he was advanced to be vice-admiral of the blue, 31 March 1775; and died vice-admiral of the red, on 12 June 1778. He married, on 2 Sept. 1750, Miss Pappet, natural daughter of John James Heidegger [q. v.] She died in 1765, without issue.
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Denham, John (1559-1639)

​DENHAM, Sir JOHN (1559–1639), judge, was a native of London. He entered Lincoln's Inn on 19 Aug. 1577, where he was called to the bar on 29 June 1587, and elected reader in Lent 1607. He took the degree of serjeant-at-law in the spring of 1609. At this date he held the post of steward of Eton College, acting also as their counsel. On 5 June 1609 he was appointed lord chief-baron of the Irish exchequer and knighted. He was sworn of the privy council in 1611, and raised to the lord chief-justiceship of the king's bench in Ireland in the spring of 1612. In 1613 he visited England, to report to James the recent action of the catholic party in the Irish parliament, who had withdrawn from the house and elected a speaker of their own. He returned to Ireland in September 1614. Between the retirement of Chichester in November 1615, and the arrival of Oliver St. John in July 1616 the viceroyalty was in commission, Denham being one of the lords justices. In 1617 he was created a baron of the English exchequer, Bacon, in administering the oath to his successor, Sir William Jones, advising him to ‘take unto’ him ‘the care and affection to the commonwealth and the prudent and politic administration of Sir John Denham.’ He is credited by Borlace (Reduction of Ireland, p. 200) with having been the first to raise a substantial revenue for the crown in Ireland. In 1621 he was commissioned to convey to Bacon the intelligence that the confession and submission which he had lately made could not be accepted as adequate. In the following year he was sheriff of the united counties of Bedford and Buckingham. In 1633 he was placed on the high commission. He signed the extra-judicial opinion in favour of the legality of ship-money on the case submitted by the king to the judges in 1636–7. In the spring of the ensuing year, while on circuit at Winchester, he caught a severe ague, which was still upon him when the time for delivering judgment in Hampden's case arrived. He exerted himself sufficiently to write a brief opinion in Hampden's favour. He died on 6 Jan. 1638–9, and was buried at Egham, Surrey, where, as also in Buckinghamshire and Essex, he held landed property. He married, first, Cicely, daughter of Richard Kellefet; secondly, Eleanor, daughter of Sir Garret Moore, knt., first Baron Mellefont and Viscount Drogheda. His son John, the poet, was by the second wife.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography/Atrebatii

​ATREBATII (Άτρεβάτιοι, Ptol. ii. 3. § 26), in Britain, were the people about Calleva Attrebatum or Silchester. [Belgae.][ R. G. L. ]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography/Attacum

​A'TTACUM (Άττακον: Ateca near Calatayud), a town of the Celtiberi in Hispania Tarraconensis, described on an inscription as a municipium, Municip. Atttacens. (Ptol. ii. 6; Morales, p. 69, b.).[ P. S. ]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography/Atrax

​ATRAX C^'^P^^* also *ATpa«£a. Steph. B.; PtoL iii. 13. § 42: Eth. 'ArpdKiot)^ a Perrhaebian town in Thessaly, described by Livy as situated above the river Peneius, at the distance of about 10 miles from Larissa. (Liv. xxxii. 15, comp.zxxvi. 18.) Strabo says that the Peneius passed by the cities of Tricca, Pelinnaeum and Parcadon, on its Irft, on its course to Atrax and Larissa. (Strab. ix. p. 438.) Leake places Atrax on a height upon the left bank of the Peneius, opposite the village of Gunitea. On this height, which is now called SidMro-peliko QHlhipo* WAuror), a place where chippings of iron are found, Leake fbund stones and fragments of ancient pottery, and in one place foundations of an Hellenic walL (Leake, Northern Greece, vd. ilL p. 368, voi. iv. p. 292.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography/Atrae

​ATRAE or HATRAE CAvfwi, Herodian iu. 28; Steph. Byz. «. v.; rh "Arpo, Dion Cass. Ixvii 31, Ixxxv. 10; Hatra, Amm. xxv. 8; Eih, *ti.rp4voi: Al ITatkrf Joum, Geog, Soc^ vol. ix. p. 467), a strong place, some days* journey in the desert, west of the Tigris, on a small stream, now called the Tkarthar (near Libanae, Steph. B. «. v. iSoroQ. Herodianus (L c) describes it as a place of consi- derable strength, on the precipice of a very steep hiU; and Ammianus (JL, c.) calls it Vetu$ oppidum m media »f^Uudm« potUwn olimque desertum, Zonanw calls it w^Aiv *ApdSuot^, Mannert (v. 2) suggests that perhaps the fiirifidrpa of Ptolemy (v. 18. § 13) represents the same place, it being a corruption for Bet-atra; but this seems hardly ne- cessary: moreover, in some of the later e^ticns of Ptolemy, the word is spelt fiifAdrpa, The ruins of Al Hoikr^ which are very extensive, and still attest the former grandeur of the city, have been visited by Mr. Layard in 1846, who considers the remains as belonging to the Sassanian period, or, at all events, as not prior to the Parthian dynasty. {Nineveh and its Bemains^ vol. i. p. 110.) Bfr. Ainsworth, who visited Al Sathr in company with Mr. Layard in the spring of 1840, has given a very full and interesting account of its present state, which corresponds exceedingly well with the shoi-t notice of Ammianus. (Ainsworth, Res. vol. ii. c35.) It appears from Dion Cassias (preserved in Sphilinus) that Trajan, having descended the Tigris and Euphrates, and having proclaimed Par- thamaspates king of Ctesiphon, altered Arabia against Atra, but was compelled to retire, owing to the great heat and scarcity of water; and that &p- timiusSeverus, who idso returned by the Tigris from Ctesiphon, was forced to raise the siege of the ci^ after sitting twenty days before it, the machines of war having been burnt by " Greek fire," which Mr. Ainsworth conjectures to have been the bitumen so conunon in the neighbourhood. Its name is sup- posed by Mr. Ainsworth to be derived from the Chaldee Hutra, " a sceptre" — t. e. the seat of go- vernment, [ V. ]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography/Atrami'tae

​ATRAMI'TAE. [Adramttae.]