OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Olaf II.

See also Olaf II of Norway on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ OLAF II., surnamed the Saint or the Great (c.995-1030). King of Norway from about 1015 to 1028. He was a son of Harald Gränske, and at the age of fifteen he began his marauding expeditions, which extended to the coasts of Sweden, Germany, France, and Spain. At the age of about twenty he made himself master of Norway, where he completed the establishment of Christianity. (See Norway.) In 1028 he was driven out by Canute (q.v.) and fled to Russia. He was killed in 1030, in an attempt to recover his kingdom. Because of his zeal for Christianity, he was canonized in 1164 and became the patron saint of Norway.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Olathe

See also Olathe, Kansas on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ OLATHE, ō̇-lā′thē̇. A city and the county-seat of Johnson County, Kan., 21 miles southwest of Kansas City; on the Saint Louis and San Francisco, the Missouri, Kansas and Texas, and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroads (Map: Kansas, H 3). It is the seat of the State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. The adjacent country is largely interested in farming and stock-raising; and the city manufactures flour, bricks, shoes, furniture, etc. There are municipal water-works. Population, in 1890, 3294; in 1900, 3451.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Olshausen, Robert

Edition of 1905. See also Robert Michaelis von Olshausen on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
OLSHAUSEN, Robert (1835— ). A German gynecologist, son of the Orientalist Justus Olshausen. He was born in Kiel, studied medicine there and at Königsberg, and taught at Halle (1862-77) and at Berlin. He is especially famed as an able operator; as the author of Diseases of the Ovaries (Eng. trans., 1887), and of Klinische Beiträge zur Gynäkologie (1884); and as the editor of the Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, Duncan Campbell

Edition of 1905. See also Duncan Campbell Scott on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Duncan Campbell (1802— ). A Canadian poet, born in Ottawa. Ontario. He was educated at Stanstead Wesleyan College. Having entered the Canadian civil service as a third-class clerk in 1879, he rose rapidly to the position of chief clerk and accountant (1893). His published verse comprises The Magic House (1893) and Labor and the Angel (1898). The Village of Viger (1896) is a collection of ten short stories of Canadian country life. See Canadian Literature.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Schücking, Levin

Edition of 1905. See also Levin Schücking on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SCHÜCKING, shụk'ing, Levin (1814-83). A German novelist, born near Münster. He studied law at Munich. Heidelberg, and Göttingen, but,
after returning to Munich, gave up the law for letters. His first efforts, published in 1842, were descriptive: Das Malerische und romantische Westfalen, and Der Dom zu Köln und seine Vollendung. In 1843 he went to Augsburg as one of the editors of the Allgemeine Zeitung, and thence he removed to Cologne to take charge of the Kölnische Zeitung. His numerous novels include: Ein Schloss am Meer (1843); Verschlungene Wege (1867); Die Heiligen und die Ritter (1872); Die Herberge der Gerechtigkeit (1878); Das Recht des Lebenden (1880). After his death appeared Lebenserinnerungen (1886). Although not profound, these works are wholesome and agreeable.
His wife, Luise von Gall (1815-55), was born in Darmstadt. She published her first volume, Frauennovellen, in 1844, and this was followed by the novels Gegen den Strom (1851) and Der neue Kreuzritter (1853). She was also the author of a successful comedy, Ein schlechtes Gewissen (1842).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Schütt

Edition of 1905. See also Žitný ostrov and Szigetköz on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SCHÜTT, shụt. Two islands in the Danube, situated in the Hungarian plain between Pressburg and Komorn, and mostly in these two counties. Great Schütt Island is bordered by the
Danube proper on the south and west, and by the Little Danube and the Schwarzwasser (Oeregduna) (Map: Hungary, E 3). It is 58 miles long, from 10 to 20 miles wide, and is subject to the floods of the rivers, being low and even. Owing to its rich soil, it is called the Golden Garden of Hungary. Grain, fruits, and vegetables are raised. There are sugar factories. It has several towns, including Komorn, which is situated in the southeast corner of the island. The total population is about 23,500. — Little Schütt Island, bordered by the Danube proper on the north and east, and by the Wieselburger Danube, and lying to the southwest of Great Schütt Island, is 28 miles long. It belongs to the counties of Kaab and Wieselburg.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, Austin

Edition of 1905. See also Austin Scott (Rutgers) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Austin (1849- ). An American educator, born in Maumee, Ohio. He graduated at Yale in 1869, spent a year in graduate study at the University of Michigan, and in 1871-73 studied history at Berlin and Leipzig. From 1873 to 1875 he was instructor in German at the University of Michigan; became in 1876 an associate in history in the newly established Johns Hopkins University, where he organized and directed the seminary of American history. During this period he also assisted George Bancroft in collecting and arranging the material for his History of the Constitution of the United States. In 1883 he became professor of history and economics at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J., and in 1890 succeeded Merrill E. Gates in the presidency of the institution.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, Charles

Edition of 1905. See also Charles Scott on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Charles(1733-1813) An American RECOVER REMAINDER OF TEXT
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, Edward John Long

Edition of 1905. See also Edward John Long Scott on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Edward John Long (1840— ). An English scholar and author, born in Bridgewater, Somerset. He graduated at Lincoln College. Oxford, in 1862, in 1863 entered the manuscript department of the British Museum, and in 1888 was appointed keeper of the manuscripts and Egerton librarian. His publications include: Introduction to Reprint Eikon Basilike (1880): a translation in verse of the Eclogues of Vergil (1884); Private Diary of Shakespeare's Cousin, Thomas Greene, Town-Clerk of Stratford-on-Avon (1883); William Harvey's Original Lectures on the Circulation of the Blood (1886).
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Schütz, Heinrich

Edition of 1905. See also Heinrich Schütz on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SCHÜTZ, shụts, Heinrich, known by the Latinized form of his name as Sagittarius (1585-1672). The most important German composer of the seventeenth century, born at Köstritz, near Gera, Saxony. At the age of fourteen he became a chorister of the Court Chapel at Cassel, in which city he also attended the gymnasium. In 1607 he went to Marburg University, to study jurisprudence. He abandoned the law, however, and went to Italy, where he studied under Giovanni Gabrieli until the death of that master in 1612. In 1617 he was appointed Kapellmeister to the Elector of Saxony in Dresden, with whose orchestra he had been connected for two years. He was a prolific composer and writer and has been well described as “standing at the parting of the ways between Palestrina and Bach.” In his writing he combined the impressive Italian choral style with the new dramatic monodic style of Monteverde. He was the composer of the first German opera, Dafne (1627).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, David

Edition of 1905. See also David Scott (painter) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, David (1806-49). An English historical and portrait painter, etcher, engraver, and author, horn at Edinburgh. He exhibited his first picture, the "Hopes of Early Genius Dispelled by Death," at the Scottish Academy in 1828. In 1832 he visited Italy, making a short stay in Paris, where he was much impressed by the works of David, and from there going to Rome, he returned to Edinburgh in 1834. Although an artist of undoubted merit, he failed to win the appreciation of the public. His feverish and eager haste to portray his ideas hampered him in his use of color, and one must look to his work as a draughtsman to find the true interpretation of his genius. Among his designs are his Monograms of Man (1831). a set of six remarkable etchings somewhat resembling those of Max Klinger, and drawn in delicate outline on copper, and his designs for Coleridge's Ancient Mariner, begun in the same year, published in London (1837), a series characterized by vivid imagination and great power. Most of his paintings are in private collections in Scotland. The National Gallery of Edinburgh possesses the "Vintager" and "Ariel and Caliban." Other paintings include: "Achilles Addressing the Manes of Patroclus," Sunderland Art Gallery; "Vasco da Gama," Trinity House, Leith; the "Descent from the Cross," Smith Institute, Stirling; and portraits of Dr. John Brown and of Emerson (Public Library, Concord, Mass.). Scott's last works were the 40 illustrations to Pilgrim's Progress, and a series of 18 beautiful designs to Nichol's Architecture of the Heavens, both issued after his death. Consult W. B. Scott, Memoir of David Scott (Edinburgh, 1850).
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, George Gilbert

Edition of 1905. See also George Gilbert Scott on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Sir George Gilbert (1811-78). An English architect. He was born at Gawcott, Buckinghamshire, and in 1827 was articled to a London architect. Converted by the writings of Pugin, he became a leading spirit of the Gothic revival, and was employed in restoring many of the old English cathedrals, including Westminster Abbey and Ely Cathedral, and in building churches. Prominent among his secular edifices are the Albert Memorial, and the ministerial buildings of the War, Foreign, Home, and Colonial offices. He became a member of the Royal Academy in 1861, and was made professor of architecture, his collection of lectures being published under the title Mediæval Architecture (2 vols., London, 1879). He won the gold medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1859, was president of that body (1873-76), and was knighted in 1872. He died in South Kensington, March 27, 1878, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Consult his Recollections (London, 1879).
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Scott, Clement

Edition of 1905. See also Clement Scott on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​SCOTT, Clement (1841-1904). An English journalist and author, born in London, October 6, 1841, and educated at Marlborough School. He entered the War Office as clerk in 1860, and retired on a pension in 1877. He then joined the editorial staff of the Daily Telegraph, to which paper he had contributed dramatic criticisms since 1872. He subsequently became editor of a critical weekly called The Free Lance. He is the author of Lays of a Londoner (1882): Lays and Lyrics (1888): Round About the Islands (1880); Poppy Land Papers (1880): Pictures of the World (1894); Among the Apple Orchards (1805); and Sisters by the Sea (1897), all delightful sketches. He is author, or part author, of the following plays: Diplomacy: The Vicarage: Off the Line: The Cape Mail: Peril: The Crimson Cross; Odette; Tears, Idle Tears; and Sister ​Mary. His work in fiction is represented by Stories of Valour and Adventure (1893), and Madonna Mia, and Other Stories (1898). His dramatic criticisms include From "The Bells" to "King Arthur" (1896): The Drama of Yesterday and To-Day (1899); Ellen Terry (1900).
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The New International Encyclopædia/Dinoceras

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ DINOCERAS, dî-nŏs′ẽr-as. See Tinoceras.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Dinornis

Edition of 1905. See also Dinornis on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ DINOR′NIS (Neo-Lat., from Gk. δεινός, deinos, terrible + ὄρνις, ornis, bird). A genus of gigantic, recently extinct, ratite birds, the typical moas, taken as the type-genus of the family Dinornithidæ. See Moa; Extinct Animals.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Dip

Edition of 1905. See also Strike and dip on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
DIP (AS. dyppan, dippan, to dip, Goth, daupjan, OHG. toufen, Ger. taufen, to baptize, from AS. dēop, Icel. djūpr, Goth, diups, OHG. tiof, Ger. tief, Engl. deep). A term used by geologists to denote the inclination of rocks to a horizontal plane. Stratified and schistose rocks are seldom horizontal, and their dip may vary from a slight inclination to absolute verticality. The amount of dip (expressed in degrees) is measured by a clinometer (q.v.). When strata have been upraised into dome-shaped structures which have an outward slope in every direction from a central point the dip is called ‘quâ-quâ-versal.’
# The New International Encyclopædia/District

Edition of 1905. See also District#United States on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ DISTRICT (ML. districtus, territory wherein a lord may distrain, from Lat. distringere, to pull asunder). A political subdivision of a city, county, or State, which forms the basis of legislative representation. Its boundaries are fixed by law, either by the enactment of the legislature or by the adjudication of a court, to whom this power is delegated. The citizens thereof assemble within these boundaries and vote for local, State and National officials. In the United States the boundaries of the Congressional district in each State are determined by the State Legislature after the apportionment of representation has been made by Congress, following on every decennial census. The ratio of representation under the census of 1900 was 194,182, and the total number of Congressional districts 386. There is no definite principle laid down for the manner in which a State may be redistributed, and as a rule the party in power will, as far as possible, so distribute representation as to insure its continued supremacy. See Gerrymander.
For the purposes of taxation, the term has a broader meaning, and the Supreme Court of the United States has decided that for the collection of taxes a district means any part of a State described for the purpose of assessment, without reference to the civil or political divisions of the State, made for election purposes. See Kelly vs. Sanders, 99 United States Reports, p. 441.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Dinter, Gustav Friedrich

Edition of 1905. See also Gustav Friedrich Dinter on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ DINTER, dīn′tẽr, Gustav Friedrich (1760-1831). A German pedagogue and author, born at Borna. He studied theology and pedagogy at Leipzig; held several pastorates, was appointed director of the Teachers' Seminary at Dresden in 1797, and became professor of theology at the University of Königsberg in 1822. He was liberal in his religious views, and practical in his methods of education. His lectures and writings were distinguished by remarkable clearness of exposition. The seminary at Dresden flourished under his management. He was a prolific author and wrote more than sixty distinct works. They include: Die vorzüglichsten Regeln der Katechetik (1802; 13th ed. 1862); Malwina, ein Buch für Mütter (1818; 5th ed. 1860); Unterredungen über die Hauptstücke des lutheranischen Katechismus (1806-23; frequently reprinted).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Dinocrates

Edition of 1905. See also Dinocrates on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ DINOC′RATES (Lat., from Gk. Δεινοκράτης Deinokratēs). A Greek architect of the time of Alexander the Great. According to Vitruvius, he visited the camp of Alexander with letters of introduction, but was unable to secure an audience. Relying upon his athletic figure, he at length decked himself in the costume of Heracles, with lion's skin and club, and thus attracted the notice of the King. He then proposed to Alexander to carve the huge mass of Mount Athos into a human figure, holding a city in one hand and a vessel of water in the other. The work was never attempted, but Dinocrates was taken into the favor of the King, and employed as architect in the foundation of Alexandria. He was also employed by the Ephesians in the reconstruction of the Temple of Diana (q.v.). The story that he designed a temple of Arsinoë, wife of Ptolemy II., Philadelphus, in which an iron statue of the Queen was to be held suspended by a loadstone roof, is, on chronological grounds, impossible.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Dinotherium

Edition of 1905. See also Deinotherium on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ DI′NOTHE′RIUM (Neo-Lat., from Gk. δεινός, deinos, terrible + θηρίον, thērion, beast, diminutive of θήρ, thēr, wild beast). A genus of fossil proboscideans allied to the modern elephant and the extinct mastodon and of which fragmentary remains have been found in the Miocene and Pliocene rocks of Europe. No complete skeleton has yet been found. The skull, which is essentially elephantine, is longer, lower, and tapers more in front than does that of the modern elephant. The structure of the nasal bones and of the front of the cranium indicates that the animal had a proboscis, which was not, however, so prominent an organ of prehension as is that of the elephant. The molar teeth resemble those of the mastodon in structure, though they are smaller and have fewer transverse ridges on the crowns. The upper incisors, which attain to such great developments of tusks in the mastodon and elephant, are absent in the dinotherium, but the lower incisors, together with the fused ends of the mandibles, are turned downward and backward to form a pair of strong tusks, comparable with, though not at all analogous to, those of the walrus. The bones which have been found associated with these dinotherium skulls, and which probably belong to individuals of the same genus, are of massive build like those of other proboscidea, and indicate that the dinotherium lived in about the same habitats of dense forests with soft yielding ground as do the modern elephants, and that it was not an amphibious animal, as was for a long time supposed. The largest species of dinotherium lived in Pliocene time and rivaled in size the mastodon and mammoth. The skulls of this genus are found quite abundantly in the Miocene deposits of central Europe, in the Lower Pliocene of India and the Upper Pliocene of Greece, and are often associated with remains of the rhinoceros. No dinotherium remains have yet been found in America. See Elephant; Mammoth; Mastodon.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Titian

See also Titian on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Titian (tĭsh′ an) or Tiziano, Vecelli, one of the greatest of painters, was born at Capo del Cadore, Italy, in the Alps of Friuli, in 1477. His father sent him to Venice to study painting when he was ten. He was very quick at reproducing the special features of any artist’s work, and sometimes beat his masters. The completion for the Venetian senate of a picture begun by Bellini, who was one of his teachers, gained him fame and an office worth 300 crowns a year. He became acquainted with the duke of Ferrara and Ariosto, the poet, whose portraits he painted, and on his return to Venice painted one of his grandest pictures, the Assumption of the Virgin. Pope Leo X and Raphael invited him to Rome, and Francis I to France. He painted the portrait of Charles V, and spent three years in Spain. There is no complete catalogue of Titian’s works, but over 600 of his pictures are known. Far beyond his power as a designer and beyond his gifts of imagination are the splendor, boldness and truth of his coloring. He died at Venice in 1576. See his Life by Northcote.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Titlark

See also Pipit on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Tit′lark, a class of small birds, coming between the larks and the wagtails. They live in all parts of the world, building their nests of dry grass, lined with hair, on the ground. The American titlark is a little over six inches long, olive-brown, shading to a yellowish-brown and white, with black bill and feet. In the fields or prairies it often is found in flocks of tens or hundreds running on the ground. The Missouri titlark is the American bird which is most like the skylark of Europe.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Toadstool

See also the disclaimer.
​Toad′stool. See Basidomycetes.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Tomato

See also Tomato on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Toma'to, a favorite vegetable or fruit (popularly called love-apple) which ranks perhaps next to the potato in the extent of its consumption. It is a native of the warmer regions of the American continent and is raised largely as a canned vegetable for table-use. It is grown best in a sandy, well-fertilized soil; and may be grown from seed or from cuttings. If from seed, the tomato should be raised under glass and later transplanted to field or garden, care being taken to guard the plant from frosts. The plants while maturing should be supported on stakes or wire-trellis to keep the fruit from the ground and remove danger from rotting.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Titmouse

See also Titmouse on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Tit′mouse, the common name of a number of small birds related to the warblers. There are about 75 species, found chiefly in the Old World. Four species inhabit the eastern United States. The commonest of these is the well-known black-capped chickadee, which is a winter as well as a summer resi-ident in the southern part of its range. This bird is about five inches long, gray above and white below washed with brown. The crown and throat are black and the cheeks white. Its familiar call is chickadee, and besides this it has a high, sweet whistle of two or more notes. It ranges from Labrador to Indiana and Virginia. In the south it is replaced by a smaller southern chickadee. The tufted titmouse is the largest of the American species, being about six and one fourth inches long. All these birds of America are dull-colored, but some of the true Tits of the Old World are among the brightest birds of the northern hemisphere. For example, the azure tit of Siberia is white and sky-blue; the blue tit of Europe blue, white and yellow.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Tocantins River

See also Tocantins River on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
To'cantins' River, 1,000 miles long, from the junction of the Almas and Maranhão to the Para, into which it falls. Its branches are the Araguaya, Paraman, Great Somno, Tucahunas and Theresa. The Tocantins is eight miles wide at its mouth, and the tide ascends the river for 300 miles.