OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economy Light & Power Company v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
256 U.S. 113
Economy Light & Power Company v. United States
Argued: Dec. 17, 1921. --- Decided: April 11, 1921
[Syllabus from pages 113-115 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Frank H. Scott, of Chicago, Ill., for appellant.
Mr. Clarence N. Goodwin, of Chicago, Ill., for the United States.
Mr. Justice PITNEY delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edap, S.A. v. Richard Wolf/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
The petition for writ of certiorari is dismissed today pursuant to Rule 46 of this Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edda

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Edda."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* The Poetic Edda, a collection of Old Norse poems.
* The Prose Edda, an Icelandic manual of poetics.
* The Edda, Volume I and Volume II, a pair of treatises by L. Winifred Faraday.
* Norse mythology or, the religion of our forefathers, containing all the myths of the Eddas, systematized and interpreted with an introduction, vocabulary and index (transcription project)
# Edap, S.A. v. Richard Wolf

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
501 U.S. 1283
Edap, S.A. v. Richard Wolf
No. 90-1862

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Economics of British India

ECONOMICS
OF
BRITISH
INDIA
J. SARKAR
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Chih-jui

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​CHIH-jui 志銳 (T. 伯愚, H. 公顈, 廓軒, 迂安), 1852–1912, Jan. 7, civil and military official, was a member of the Tatala (他塔剌) clan and of the Manchu Bordered Red Banner. His grandfather, Yü-t'ai 裕泰 (T. 東巖, H. 餘山, posthumous name 莊𣪣, 1788–1851), had a long and brilliant career as governor of Hunan (1836–37 and 1838–41) and as governor-general of Hu-Kuang (1841–51). His father, Ch'ang-ching 長敬 (1831–1868) who was the third son of Yü-t'ai, served as prefect of Sui-ting-fu, Szechwan, where he died in office. Losing his father when he was seventeen sui, Chih-jui spent his later youth at the official residence of his uncle who served as Tartar General at Canton. Graduating as chü-jên in 1876 and as chin-shih in 1880, he served for about ten years in the Hanlin Academy. During this period he was on intimate terms with Shêng-yü, Wên T'ing-shih and Huang T'i-fang [qq. v.]. Like them he often criticized the unfair practices of the high officials who retarded his promotion, but early in 1894 he was made junior vice-president of the Board of Ceremonies. Several months later, at the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese war, he was dispatched to Jehol to drill troops. Late in the same year, however, owing ​to the degradation in rank of the Imperial concubines, Chin-fei and Chên-fei (see under Tsai-t'ien), who were his cousins, he was relegated to the assistant military governorship of the remote Uliasutai region, a post assumed in the spring of the following year. Poems he wrote during this journey were collected under the title, 張家口至烏里雅蘇台竹枝詞 Chang-chia-k'ou chih Uliasutai chu-chih tz'ŭ, printed in 1910 in the collectanea 懷豳雜俎 Huai-Pin tsa-tsu. During his term in office he made efforts to strengthen the defenses against Russia, but a memorial by him on this subject incurred the displeasure of the Empress Dowager who in 1839 deprived him of his position. For the ensuing nine years he remained on the northwestern frontier, first as commandant of the Manchu colonial troops and later as deputy military lieutenant-governor, with headquarters at Ninghsia.
Shortly after the death of the Empress Dowager (late in 1908) Chih-jui was recalled to Peking and in 1910 was appointed Tartar General at Hangchow. Early in the following year he was made Tartar General and military governor of Ili and was also given the nominal rank of President of a Board. But before he assumed his new duty the anti-Ch'ing revolution broke out (October 10, 1911) at Wuchang; and late in 1911, about a month after he reached his new post in Ili, the Hunanese troops under him revolted. On January 7 of the following year they attacked his yamen and put him to death. A few days later he was canonized as Wên-chên 文貞 and was given the honorary title of Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
Chih-jui excelled in poetic composition and in calligraphy. His poems were collected under the title 廓軒詩集 K'uo-hsüan shih-chi.
[1/476/1a; 6/34/30a; Hsüeh-ch'iao shih-hua (see under Shêng-yü), first series, 12/73b; Nien-p'u of Yü-t'ai compiled by his sons (1870).]
Hiromu Momose
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Chieh-shu

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​CHIEH-shu. See under Giyešu.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Chiang Yüeh-kuang

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​CHIANG Yüeh-kuang 姜曰廣 (T. 居之, H. 燕及), d. Mar. 1, 1649, Ming statesman, was a native of Hsin-chien, Kiangsi. A chin-shih of 1619, he was appointed to the Hanlin Academy and became a compiler. In 1626 he went on a mission to Korea and established a reputation for uncorrupted service. On his return he was removed from office by the Wei Chung-hsien [q. v.] party because of his affiliation with the Tung-lin party (see under Chang P'u). Reinstated in 1628, he had risen to the post of junior vice-president in the Board of Civil Office (1636) when he was lowered in rank and sent to serve at Nanking. There he was placed in charge (1642) of the Hanlin Academy.
When the Ming court fled south he espoused the cause of the Prince of Fu (see under Chu Yu-sung). After the Court was established at ​Nanking he became president of the Board of Ceremonies and Grand Secretary. Upright and out-spoken by nature, he opposed the corrupt Ma Shih-ying [q. v.], particularly when Ma advocated the appointment of Juan Ta-ch'êng [q. v.]. After long and vain exhortations on responsible government and disinterested service, he took a final thrust at Ma Shih-ying and withdrew from the Court. Later he joined the cause of Chin Shêng-huan [q. v.] and when the latter was defeated, committed suicide by drowning. He was given the posthumous title, Chung-ch'üeh 忠確.
[M.1/274/15a; M.35/9/5b; M.41/5/22b, 8/4a, 16/3b; M.59/11/3b; 明季南略 Ming-chi nan-lüeh 4/8a; 13/15b.]
Earl Swisher
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Chien, Prince

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​CHIEN, Prince. See under Jidu, Labu, and Tê-p'ei.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Chin-shih

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​CHIN-shih (Buddhist priest). See under Chin Pao.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Mao Pin

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​MAO Pin 毛霦 (T. 荊石), d. 1726, age 76 (sui), recluse and scholar, was a native of Yeh-hsien (Lai-chou), Shantung. He attracted the attention of a district magistrate when competing at the age of thirteen (sui) in a literary examination that took place in 1663. He spent his life in poverty and seclusion, leaving one short work, entitled 平叛記 Ping-p'an chi, with a preface dated January 1712. This work was first published by his son in 1716 and was republished about 1928 in the collection Yin-li tsai-ssŭ t'ang ts'ung-shu (see under Chu Yün). It describes the siege of Lai-chou by K'ung Yu-tê [q. v.], relating events in chronological order from January 19, 1632 to May 20, 1633. The Ssŭ-k'u Catalogue (see under Chi Yün) erroneously calls Mao an eyewitness of the events described; as a matter of fact they took place some twenty years before his birth.
[Yeh-hsien chih (1761), 4/65b, 3/13a; Ssŭ-k'u, 54/6b.]
George A. Kennedy
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Man Kuei

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​MAN Kuei 滿桂, d. 1630, Jan. 29, Ming general, was born a Mongol. He came to China in early life and made his home in Hsüan-hua, Chihli, where he took great delight in the border warfare that went on about him. He was serving as second captain in a garrison along the Great Wall when the defeat of Yang Hao [q. v.] by the Manchus in 1619 awakened China to a realization of the menace from the northeast. Transferred to the Shanhaikuan region, he was rapidly promoted to major and then to lieutenant colonel. In 1622 he attracted the attention of Sun Ch'êng-tsung [q. v.], was promoted to colonel at headquarters, and in the following year was put in charge of defensive operations at Ning-yüan. After driving away certain Mongol tribes who were occupying the region of Ta-ling-ho he was promoted to the rank of brigade general. Together with Sun's successor, Yüan Ch'ung-huan [q. v.], he repulsed, early in 1626, the Manchu attack on Ning-yüan, but was recalled shortly after. Before the end of the year he was stationed at Shanhaikuan. While bringing relief ​to Ning-yüan in July 1627 he was severely wounded. In 1628, under a new emperor, he was recalled from the front and sent to the defense of Tatung, Shansi, against Mongol raids. Late in 1629 he was summoned to the defense of Peking when the Manchus made their first effective thrust toward the capital. After Yüan Ch'ung-huan was imprisoned and Tsu Ta-shou [q. v.] fled, Man Kuei was left alone to face the enemy. Despite stubborn resistance he was driven back and killed outside the south wall of Peking. He was canonized as Wu-min 武愍.
[M.1/171/7a; M.3/234/6a; M.8/86/10a; M.30/3/31a; Cha Chi-tso [q. v.], Tsui-wei lu, 12下/11a.]
George A. Kennedy
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Mao I

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​MAO I 毛扆 (T. 斧季), Aug. 13, 1640–after 1710, scholar, native of Ch'ang-shu, Kiangsu, was the youngest son of Mao Chin [q. v.]. He inherited the famous library known as Chi-ku-ko (see under his father) and continued the printing business which his father began in 1628. He was also interested in collecting rare texts and writing bibliographical notes, which were much prized by later collectors. Sometime after 1689 he made an inventory of about 500 titles of rare books, including many manuscript facsimiles known as ying-Sung-ch'ao 影宋鈔, which it is said he intended to sell to P'an Lei [q. v.]. This list, with prices in taels attached, was printed in 1800 in the first installment of the Shih-li-chü Huang-shih ts'ung-shu of Huang P'ei-lieh [q. v.]. Some of the books which he collected bore seals reading 西河季子之印 Hsi-ho chi-tzŭ chih-yin or 斧季手校 Fu-chi shou-chiao. Ho Ch'o [q. v.] borrowed a number of rare books from Mao I in 1710, and Ho's notes on these items make it certain that Mao was still living at that time. A considerable part of his collection was sold to Chi Chên-i [q. v.].
[義門先生集 I-men hsien-shêng chi 9/9a, 12b; see bibliography under Mao Chin; Yeh Tê-hui, Shu-lin ch'ing-hua (for char. see bibl. under Chi Chên-i); Yang Li-ch'êng, 中國藏書家考略 Chung-kuo ts'ang-shu chia k'ao lüeh (1929) p. 7b.]
Fang Chao-ying
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Mandahai

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​MANDAHAI 滿達海, d. 1652, age 31 (sui), member of the Ch'ing Imperial Family, was the seventh son of Daišan [q. v.], the first Prince Li. He accompanied his father to the siege of Chinchou in 1640. In the following year, at the early age of twenty (sui), he was given the rank of a prince of the sixth degree and fought under Haoge [q. v.] at Sung-shan. In 1642 he took part in the capture of Ta-shan. He was with the army which broke through Shanhaikuan in 1644, and for his services was promoted two degrees to the rank of beise (貝子). Under Ajige [q. v.] he joined in the pursuit of Li Tzŭ-ch'êng [q. v.] into Shensi, and for the next three years was mostly occupied in operations in that section of China. After the defeat and death of Chang Hsien-chung [q. v.], Mandahai returned with the army (1648) to Peking. There he was accused of misdemeanors but was pardoned on the intercession of Dorgon [q. v.].
After his father's death he became, in 1649, the first inheritor of Daišan's princedom of the first degree. In the same year he accompanied his brother, Wakda (see under Daišan), on an expedition to Shansi against the rebel Chiang Hsiang [q. v.]. On his return in 1651 his princedom was designated Hsün 巽 in place of the designation, Li, granted to his father. After Dorgon's henchmen were cashiered in 1651, Mandahai was put in charge of the Board of Civil Office, but he died in the following year. He was canonized as Chien 簡. His son, Canggadai 常阿岱 (d. 1665, age 33 sui, posthumous name 懷愍), became the second inheritor of Daišan's rank. In 1659, however, Mandahai was posthumously accused of having appropriated for himself part of the confiscated property of Dorgon, and was posthumously deprived of all ranks. Canggadai also was not permitted to retain his inherited princedom and was degraded to a prince of the third degree (see under Giyešu).
[1/222/7b; 2/1/4a; 34/121/12b.]
George A. Kennedy
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Mao Wên-lung

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​MAO Wên-lung 毛文龍 (T. 鎭[振]南), Feb. 10, 1576–1629, July 24, Ming general, was a native of Hangchow, Chekiang. In his youth he was fond of sports and achieved fame as a horse man and bowman. While in Peking in 1605 he was introduced by his uncle to a brigade general stationed in Liaotung, and received a commission as lieutenant in the army. In 1621 Wang Hua-chên [q. v.] sent him to the east of the Liao river as a drill major. After the fall of Shên-yang and Liao-yang in May of that year he escaped by ship to Korea where he organized a fighting force including ninety-seven dare-devils (see under K'ung Yu-tê) which on September 1, 1621 performed the spectacular feat of recapturing Chên-chiang on the Yalu River from the Manchus. This success was seized on by Wang Hua-chên to justify his own policy of aggression, although Hsiung T'ing-pi [q. v.] criticized it as ill-timed and worthless. In December of the same year a Manchu force ​under Amin [q. v.] retook the city and drove Mao from Korea.
Mao then established himself on P'i-tao, a barren island off the mouth of the Yalu, where he remained for the next seven years, receiving supplies from northeast Shantung and carrying on guerilla warfare with the Manchus. He made many expeditions up the Yalu river with the aim of engaging the enemy from the rear. He frequently invaded Liaotung, attacking An-shan 鞍山 and Sarhû 薩爾滸 in the heart of their territory. The Manchus attempted either to win him over or induce the Koreans, with whom they had concluded a treaty, to expel him. When these devices failed, the Manchus themselves invaded Korea and in 1627 drove him again to his island. In 1629 Mao came into conflict with Yüan Ch'ung-huan [q. v.], the newly appointed commander of the Chinese forces. While making a tour of inspection, Yüan had him arrested and put to death on charges of arrogance and insubordination.
[M.1/259; Hang-chou-fu chih (1922) 128/23b; 明季北略 Ming-chi pei-lüeh 2/6b, 8a, 5/8b.]
George A. Kennedy
# Engines and Men/Bibliography

Bibliography
Members who desire to pursue the study of railway history will find the following list of books to be of service:—
* The Railways of England, by Wm. Mitchell (1889).
* Men and Rails, by Rowland Kenney (1913).
* Our Iron Roads, by F. S. Williams (1852).
* English Railways: Their Development and Their Relation to the State, by Cleveland Stevens {1915).
* Railways, by E. R. McDermott (1904).
* The Working and Management of an English Railway, by Sir Geo. Findlay (1889).
* History of English Railways, by John Francis (1851).
* History of Inland Transport, by Edwin Pratt.
* History of Railway Trade Unionism, by Chas. B. Vincent.
* History of Trade Unionism, by Sidney Webb (1920).
* The L. & N.W. Railway, by W. L. Steel (1914).
* The Midland Railway, by F. S. Williams (1878).
# Engine, Engine Number 9

Engine, Engine Number 9 is American counting-out game, used by children in the USA when playing games.
1. Engine, engine number 9, going down the Chicago line If the train falls off the track, do you want your money back?
# Engines and Men/Appendix

​Appendix
1912 and 1919. Strike Pay accounts for loss of capital.
# Engines and Men

Engines and Men
The History of the Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen
A Survey of Organisation of Railways and Railway Locomotive Men
by
J. R. Raynes
Goodall & Suddick (1916) Ltd.
Town Hall Chambers, Leeds
1921
Dedicated
to all the gallant fellows who down the long years of railway history have worked the locomotives under the depressing conditions of low wages and long hours, and still took their part in building this society for the emancipation of all the fraternity.
* The Author's Preface
* Foreword
* Synopsis of Contents
* Chapter I
* Chapter II
* Chapter III
* Chapter IV
* Chapter V
* Chapter VI
* Chapter VII
* Chapter VIII
* Chapter IX
* Chapter X
* Chapter XI
* Chapter XII
* Chapter XIII
* Chapter XIV
* Chapter XV
* Chapter XVI
* Chapter XVII
* Chapter XVIII
* Chapter XIX
* Chapter XX
* Chapter XXI
* Chapter XXII
* Chapter XIII
* Chapter XXIV
* Appendix
* Bibliography
* Index
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1944, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 79 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Document 31

DOCUMENT No. 31
Degree Regarding the Moscow and Petrograd Conservatories
The Soviet of People's Commissaires decrees:
The Petrograd and Moscow Conservatories are entrusted to the care of the People's Commissariat of Education on an equal basis with all other higher educational institutions, thus dissociating them from the Russian Musical Society. All the properties and inventories of said conservatories, indispensable and adopted for purposes of State Musical Reconstruction, are declared. state property of the people.
Chairman of the Soviet of People's Commissaires, V. Ulianov (Lenin)
People's Commissary of Education, A. Lunacharsky.
Chief Clerk of the Soviet of People's Commissaires, Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich.
Moscow, July 12th, 1918.
# Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Document 32

DOCUMENT No. 32
A New Anthem
The section for the promotion of proletarian culture—The Proletariat—has announced a competitive examination for a text and music of a "new and original revolutionary proletarian hymn."
# Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Document 33

DOCUMENT No. 33
Facts About the Activity of the Literary Publication Board, Attached to the People's Commissariat on Education
On December 13th, 1917, at the session of the Literary Publication Board a committee was named to draft a decree order- ​ing the establishment of a Technical Board to take charge of state printing shops, including all those printing shops which had been nationalized after the October revolution. This committee was composed of representatives from the Literary Publication Board, from the Commissariat of Interior Printers' Trade Union and a committee of workers employed in state printing shops.
In February, 1918, owing to energetic activity of the Soviet and representatives of the printing trades, publishing business on a large scale was made possible. The State Commission on Education made up a list of Russian novelists, men, poets and critics whose works were declared a state monopoly for 5 years. This list includes names of over 50 Russian classics such as: Soloviev, M. Bakunin, V. Belinski, V. Garshin, A. Hertzen, N. Gogol, F. Dostoyevsky, A. Koltzov, M. Lermontov, Nekrasov, A. Pushkin, L. Tolstoi, I. Turgenev, A. Tchechov, and others.
July 4th, at Moscow, there was established a committee on Literature and Art. Among its members are the writer V. Bruisov and V. Grabar, the painter.
A committee was also formed to publish popular scientific books. This committee has two sections—political economy and natural science. The latter includes: Professors K. A. Timiriazov, A. K. Timiriazof, A. Michailov, Wolf, P. Walden, and others.
A number of brochures (original and translations) have been already published by the committee, the subjects being: astronomy, physics, meteorology, botany, pedagogy. As regards the publication of text-books the State Commission already, on Dec. 4th, 1917, created a special commission to take charge of the work,
A semi-annual appropriation of 12 million rubles has been granted to the Literary Publication Board. The appropriation for the second half year may reach 20 millions.
# Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Document 25

DOCUMENT No. 25
MOSCOW
Governmental Enactments
From the Commissariat in charge of properties of the Rus-treasuries of the Russian Federated Soviet Republic.
To all museums, palaces, galleries and other art and science treasuries of the Russian Soviets Federated Republic.
(Circular)
Attached is a copy of the Order No. 594, dated April 6th, 1918. The people's commissaires of education and in charge of properties of the Republic advise to begin the transference to the Polish Commissariat, in the People's Commissariat in charge of affairs of all nationalities, of all objects mentioned in the aforesaid order, and at present in the possession of the said treasury, after a preliminary description and examination of the inventory of property evacuated during the period of the war.
Fixing no definite date for the return to Polish toiling masses of objects of art, science, and culture, removed from Poland before the present war at different dates, the People's Commissariats of education and in charge of properties of the Republic advise all the museums, palaces, libraries and other art and science treasuries of the Russian Soviet Federated Republic to immediately begin the preparation of a complete inventory of the above-mentioned objects, in co-operation with the representatives of the liquidation committee in charge of the affairs of the former Polish Kingdom and now functioning at the Polish Commissariat.
To accomplish this aim, it is necessary to establish—with the consent of the liquidation committee in charge of the affairs of the former Polish Kingdom—at each treasury mixed sub-committees composed of two representatives from the liquidation committee and said treasury. The sub-committee's object is the preparation of a complete inventory, of articles in possession of said treasury place, originally belonging to Poland, setting down the history of how these articles came into possession of said treasury institution, and to define whether these articles were transferred from Poland to Russia by way of seizure or regular commercial transactions.
People's Commissary of Education, Lunacharsky.
Secretary, Leschenko.
In charge of the People's Commissariat of Properties of the Republic, Malinovsky.
Secretary, Kaufman.