OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pyne, James Baker

​PYNE, JAMES BAKER (1800–1870), landscape-painter, was a native of Bristol, where he was educated with a view to his becoming a lawyer, but his love of art early declared itself, and, although entirely self-taught, he soon gained a considerable local reputation. He left Bristol for London in 1835, and exhibited landscapes at the Royal Academy from that year till 1839. After this date he contributed almost exclusively to the Society of British Artists. He became a member in 1842, and was for some years vice-president of the society. He visited Italy in 1846 and in 1852, and in the former year also travelled through Switzerland and Germany, collecting material for future pictures. His art owed much to the influence of the later style of Turner. Though scenic and conventional in type, it had fine decorative qualities, while, in his drawings, it was marked by technical proficiency and a good sense of colour. His oil-pictures are very inferior to his water-colours. He was a frequent contributor to the ‘Art Journal,’ and published various series of his own compositions from time to time under the following titles: 1. ‘Windsor and its Surrounding ​Scenery,’ 1840. 2. ‘The English Lake District,’ 1853. 3. ‘Lake Scenery of England,’ 1859. William John Müller [q. v.] was his pupil. He died on 29 July 1870. Examples of his work, both in oil and water-colour, are in the South Kensington Museum. A bust of Pyne is at the Gallery of the Society of British Artists.
W. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pyne, Valentine

​PYNE, VALENTINE (1603–1677), master-gunner of England, the second son of George Pyne of Curry-Mallet, Somerset, was born in 1603. He served with his father as an officer of the ordnance in the expedition to Cadiz in 1623, and in 1627 in the expedition to the Ile de Ré, after which he served in the royal navy till the outbreak of the civil war, when he served with Charles I's army. After the execution of the king he served for fifteen years as a volunteer with Prince Rupert both at sea and in the campaigns in Germany. On the accession of Charles II Pyne became in 1661 lieutenant of the Tower garrison, and later commander in the navy, and served in the first Dutch war. He succeeded Colonel Weymes as master-gunner of England in 1666, and died unmarried on 30 April 1677; a mural tablet was erected to his memory in the chapel of the Tower of London.
A brother, Richard Pyne, was appointed master-gunner of Gravesend on 31 Oct. 1673.
B. H. S.
# Documents on the Nicaraguan Resistance

* related portals: United States Department of State, Nicaragua.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This State Department report is dated March 1986. During that month, debate raged in Congress over President Ronald Reagan's request for $100 million in assistance for the Nicaraguan rebels known as the contras. This report was intended to address claims that the largest rebel faction, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN), was controlled by former members of the Guardia Nacional. It includes a roster of FDN commanders, their backgrounds, and units (Document 6).
Source text used a three-column layout.
Documents on the Nicaraguan Resistance: Leaders, Military Personnel, and Program :
| United States Department of State Bureau of Public Affairs Washington, D.C. | March 1986 |
This Special Report contains a collection of basic documents and data pertaining to the character of the Nicaraguan democratic resistance. The purpose of this Report is to partially answer the question: "who" is the democratic resistance?
These documents provide an insight into the debate about the relationship between civilian and military leaders within the resistance, about the organizational nature of resistance military forces (especially those of the FDN), and about the political programs of those struggling for freedom against the Soviet-equipped and Cuban-advised Sandinista dictatorship.
* Document 1: Letter from Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs Elliott Abrams to Senator Richard G. Lugar (Ind.), Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, February 24, 1986
* Document 2: Letter from Senator Claiborne Pell (RI), Ranking Minority Member of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, to Assistant Secretary Abrams, March 4, 1986
* Document 3: Letter from Assistant Secretary Abrams to Senator Pell, March 11, 1986
* Document 4: Selected Biographies of Resistance Leaders
* Document 5: United Nicaraguan Opposition Principles and Objectives
* Document 6: Senior FDN Military Personnel
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States Department of State, a department of the United States federal government.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Documentary Evidence Act

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Documentary Evidence Act."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
# Documents from the Den of Espionage

| Letter to Paul Bremer | 1 |
| Part two of random note | 2 |
| Khomeini excludes seculars from his revolution | 3 |
| OECD: Share of World Commodity Exports Shipped to Iran, 1977 | 4 |
| Foreign Policy Of The Provisional Islamic Government | 5 |
| Political/Security Report | 6 |
| First reactions to Shah's speech | 8 |
| Unknown | 9 |
| Further report of Richard Cottan | 10 |
| On Present Events | 11 |
| Conflict with moderates shaping up | 12 |
| Liberation movement | 13 |
| Priority Tehran Info | 14 |
| Handwritten note | 15 |
| unknown | 16 |
| Memo of conversation | 17 |
| Memo: Visit of Mr. Ben Yohanan of the Israeli Mission | 18 |
| Terrorists in Iran | 19 |
| Unknown | 20 |
| Unknown | 21 |
| Biography:Yitzhik Rabin | 22 |
| Country policy:Iran | 23 |
| Codel Wolff Tehran Schedule | 24 |
| Unknown | 25 |
| Unknown | 26 |
| Principle Officers Meeting | 27 |
| Unknown | 28 |
| Unknown | 29 |
| Unknown | 30 |
| Unknown | 31 |
| Threat to Americans from underground dissidents | 32 |
| Telegram: Opposition to the Shah | 33 |
| Unknown | 34 |
| Unknown | 35 |
| Letter to Shah Pahlavi | 36 |
| Unknown | 37 |
| The Bazargan Government One Month Later and Prospects for the Future | 38 |
| Iran's Referendum and prospects for the Future | 39 |
| Political Sitrep | 40 |
| Briefing on the Situation in Iran by Ambassador William Sullivan | 41 |
| The Revival of Islamic Fundamentalism | 42 |
| Assessment on Iran | 43 |
| Unknown | 44 |
| Heightened tensions after Motahari's assassination | 45 |
| Anti-US demonstration on May 25 | 46 |
| Waiting for Godot—Iranian style | 47 |
| A Farewell to Alarms | 48 |
| American Embassy | 49 |
| Commercial Disputes | 50 |
| Quarterly Political Assessment | 51 |
| Alternative views from the provinces | 52 |
| Isfahan and Shiraz | 53 |
| Economic Analytical Reporting Schedule | 54 |
| Negotiations | 55 |
| Letter to L. Bruce Laingen | 56 |
| CPAO Work Goals | 57 |
| Iran Briefing | 58 |
| Update on Iran | 59 |
| Millions March for Unity and Khomeini | 60 |
| Visit | 61 |
| Fifteen Best Contacts | 62 |
| Duties of the Embassy Political Advisor | 63 |
| Archie N. Bolster | 64 |
| Corruption in Iran | 65 |
| Unknown | 66 |
| Letter from L. Bruce Laingen | 67 |
| EID-E GHORBAN MESSAGE | 68 |
| Unknown | 69 |
| Towards a Restructured Iran | 70 |
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/hiap
### hîap

* 叶hîap195302
* To rhyme; to harmonize.

#### hîap ūn;

    to form a rhyme.

#### cí kâi jī lô̤h khṳ̀ m̄ hîap ūn;

    this letter does not form a rhyme with the others.

#### cí kâi jī tîeh thâk hîap im;

    this letter must be so read as to make its sound rhyme with that of the others.
* 協hîap195246
* To bring into accord; joint; united in.

#### tâng sim, hîap lâk;

    of one mind and acting in concert.

#### tăi-ke hîap-lâk khṳ̀ cò̤;

    all join your forces and go and do it.

#### hîap phōiⁿ tăi-hâk-sṳ̆;

    an assistant cabinet minister.

#### hîap-thâi; hîap-tìn;

    a colonel, usually in charge of a garrison.
* 脅hîap1951306
* The flanks; the sides; to intimidate.

#### hîap-ĕ;

    the space on the sides of the human trunk under the arms.

#### pek-hîap;

    to overawe.

#### hîap khŵn-sì;

    overpower.

#### cang ui-sì hîap i;

    used his influence to intimidate him.
* 夾hîap356374
* To press between two.

#### hîap kong;

    to attack on both sides.

#### hîap tòa sai hùe;

    goods smuggled in the girdle.

#### hîap tòa;

    to conceal in the girdle.
* 挾hîap356647
* To cherish or harbour.

#### hîap hîam;

    cherish prejudice.

#### hîap hṳ̆n;

    cherish dislike.

#### hîap chîu;

    harbour enmity.

#### hîap cì i;

    prevent him from appealing by threats of consequences.
* 俠hîap35697
* Ready to maintain another's cause.

#### kìam hîap;

    a sword which aids a friend in need.

#### hîap kheh;

    a supernatural advocate.

#### hâu-hîap;

    a hero.
* 浹洽hîap-ciap976
* Blended in views or feelings.

#### hîap-cîap; hîap-hîap cîap-cîap;

    making an unbroken story or circuit; pervading.

#### kà-hùe hîah-cîap;

    imbued with these teachings.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/hih
### hih

* 咥hih181306
* To laugh out.

#### hih-hih-chìe;

    to giggle or snicker.

#### i ciu-jît to sĭ hih-hih-chìe, bô̤ hŵn-ló̤;

    she goes laughing about all day, and is not down hearted at all.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/hiam
### hiam

* 辛hiam8061600
* Peppery; pungent; acrid.

#### bī hiam;

    it has a pungent flavor.

#### hiam-cie;

    red pepper.

#### màiⁿ lô̤h khah hiam;

    do not put in too much pepper.

#### cí īeⁿ khah hiam, thàu tîam cē;

    this sort has too sharp a taste; make it a little sweeter.

#### bī sò hiam-lûah;

    the flavor is very pungent.

#### sng hiam tîam;

    a spicy acidulated sweetness.
* 險híam20017013
* Dangerous; in jeopardy; on the verge of.

#### huang-híam;

    dangerous; insecure.

#### híam-híam pûah lô̤h khṳ̀;

    was in imminent danger of falling.

#### i cí tńg pēⁿ kàu híam-híam sí;

    in this relapse, he was at the point of death.

#### cí tîo lō híam;

    this road is dangerous.

#### ngûi-híam;

    perilous.

#### lăng-híam;

    reckless of danger.

#### hàuⁿ lăng-híam;

    likes to rush into danger.

#### ún-ún kâi sṳ̄ to m̄ cò̤, mńg hàuⁿ lăng-híam;

    he never will do what is safe, but always seeks what is hazardous.

#### i cêk seⁿ bô̤ kîaⁿ híam lō, to sĭ kîaⁿ ún-tàng kâi sṳ̄;

    all his life he has never gone into danger, but has done what was perfectly safe.

#### híam cèng;

    dangerous diseases.

#### cí kâi nâng sĭm sĭ im-híam;

    this person is very scheming.

#### măuⁿ híam;

    looks wicked.

#### híam-híam tîeh;

    came very near hitting it.

#### cí kĭaⁿ sṳ̄ khah híam, m̄-hó̤ cò̤;

    this is too dangerous, do not do it.
* 嫌hîam1973810
* To find fault with; to dislike; to depreciate.

#### hîap-hîam;

    to be prejudiced.

#### i cē hîap-hîam cū tàⁿ kàu i jîeh m̄ hó̤;

    he is prejudiced and so tells how bad he is.

#### sím chut i sĭ hîap-hîam kâi;

    judged that he was prejudiced.

#### sĭ chông-côiⁿ ŭ hîam-khiah;

    there was a previous grudge.

#### i sim lăi hûai ŭ côiⁿ jît kâi kîam-khiah tŏ̤ kò̤;

    he cherishes an old grudge.

#### pī hîam-gî;

    avoid an appearance of evil.

#### lṳ́ màiⁿ khì-hîam;

    do not be offended.

#### lṳ́ ā m̄ siu cū sĭ khì-hîam;

    if you do not accept it, it is because you are offended.

#### hîam i m̄ ngía;

    find fault with its lack of beauty.

#### lṳ́ màiⁿ hîam;

    do not be fastidious.

#### lṳ́ tîeh hó̤ hîam i;

    you should reprove him.

#### cía hŵn-lío tó̤ hîam;

    is still expressing dissatisfaction with this.

#### i sĭ m̄ hío kui-kṳ́, lṳ́ tîeh cai hîam i;

    he is unmannerly, and you should reprove him.

#### i tó̤ hîam cìeⁿ hîam hìeⁿ;

    he finds fault with everything.

#### i khṳt i hîam tîeh m̄ su-hôk;

    he does not submit to being found fault with by her.

#### cò̤ kàu mih nâng bô̤ hîam;

    do so well that none can find fault with you.

#### bô̤ nâng káⁿ hîam;

    no one dared find any fault with it.

#### cía kang-hu, sît-căi bô̤ kò̤ hó̤ hîam;

    this work is certainly beyond criticism.

#### i nŏ̤ nâng bô̤ hîam bô̤ khiah;

    the two never get offended with each other.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/hiet
### hiet

* 蠍hiet19514213
* A scorpion.

#### hiet kíaⁿ;

    scorpions.

#### chŵn hiet;

    whole scorpions, used in medicine.

#### hiet kâi búe ŭ chì, ŏi tàng nâng;

    the tail of the scorpion has a sting in it, that will sting people.

#### hiet tàng nâng lío ŏi pàng tâk lô̤h khṳ̀;

    after a scorpion has inserted his sting he instills venom from it.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/hieh
### hîeh

* 頁hîeh1941810
* The leaves of a book.

#### cêk hîeh cṳ;

    one leaf of a book.

#### thâu hîeh;

    the first leaf.

#### búe hîeh;

    the last leaf.

#### hien kùe hîeh; ĭoⁿ kùe hîeh;

    turn over a leaf.

#### ĭoⁿ ke nŏ̤ hîeh;

    turn over two more leaves.

#### cí pńg cheh jîeh cōi hĭeh?

    How many leaves in this book?

#### cheh hîeh;

    the printed page.

#### cí pńg cheh ŭ jîeh cōi hîeh sìo?

    What is the number of pages marked in this volume?

#### kap tāⁿ hîeh;

    mispaged in binding.

#### kim hîeh;

    gold-leaf.

#### cheh hîeh màiⁿ kàuh;

    do not double down the corner of the leaves.

#### hîeh màiⁿ chîp-jîo;

    do not rumple the leaves.

#### cêk hîeh cêk hiêh àiⁿ khieh bâk;

    double each sheet exactly in the middle to form the edge of the leaf.

#### sía kúi hîeh jī;

    wrote several pages.

#### hîeh cìeⁿ pôiⁿ;

    the first page on a leaf.

#### hîeh hìeⁿ pôiⁿ;

    the last page on a leaf.

#### cìeⁿ pôiⁿ hîeh;

    this side the leaf.

#### hìeⁿ póiⁿ hîeh;

    the other side the leaf.

#### cīeⁿ hîeh;

    the previous leaf.

#### ĕ hîeh;

    the next leaf.
* 葉hîeh10811409
* The leaves of plants.

#### chīu hîeh;

    leaves of a tree.

#### tek hîeh;

    bamboo leaves.

#### ki hîeh;

    branches and leaves.

#### nôiⁿ hîeh;

    lotus leaves.

#### cíⁿ hîeh; ​

    fresh new leaves.

#### sek hîeh;

    full grown leaves.

#### ō hîeh khâng cúi cu;

    the taro leaves hold watery pearls.

#### lô̤h hîeh;

    falling leaves.

#### hwt hîeh;

    to put forth leaves.

#### lut hîeh;

    to shed leaves.

#### n̂g hîeh;

    dry leaves.

#### khau chīu hîeh;

    rake up the leaves.

#### kim ki gêk hîeh;

    branches of gold and leaves of jade.

#### ngô̤-thong hîeh lô̤h thiⁿ-ĕ cai chiu;

    when the catalpa leaves fall, it is autumn throughout the world.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Guthrie, William

​GUTHRIE, WILLIAM (1835–1908), legal writer, born at Culhorn House, Stranraer, on 17 Aug. 1835, was son of George Guthrie of Appleby, chamberlain to the earl of Stair, by his wife Margaret, daughter of Robert McDonall. Educated at Stranraer Academy and at the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, he passed to the Scottish bar in 1861, but never acquired much practice in the courts. Devoting himself to the study of law, he became editor of the 'Journal of Jurisprudence' (1867-74) and an official reporter of cases decided in the court of session (1871-4). In 1872 he was appointed registrar of friendly societies for Scotland, and in 1874 one of the sheriff-substitutes of Lanarkshire. In 1881 he received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Edinburgh University, and in 1891 represented the Faculty of Advocates at the International Law Association. In 1903 he was raised to the position of sheriff-principal at Glasgow, where he took a prominent and useful part in public affairs. He died in the house of his son, David Guthrie, C.A., Glasgow, on 31 Aug. 1908. He was buried in the Cathcart cemetery, Glasgow. He married Charlotte Carruthers, daughter of James Palmer of Edinburgh, by whom he had four sons and two daughters.
Guthrie was an industrious legal writer. His principal publications (all at Edinburgh) were:
* The fourth edition of Robert Hunter's 'Treatise on the Law of Landlord and Tenant,' 1876.
* 'Select Cases decided in the Sheriff Courts of Scotland,' 1878.
* Translations of Savigny's 'Private International Law' (copiously annotated), 1869, 1880.
* Editions of Erskine's 'Principles of the Law of Scotland,' 1870, 1874, and 1881.
* Editions of Bell's 'Principles of the Law of Scotland,' 1872, 1885, 1889, and 1899.
He also edited George Guthrie's 'Bank Monopoly the Cause of Commercial Crises' (1864 and 1866) and 'The Law of Trades Unions in England and Scotland under the Trade Union Act of 1871' (1873).
[The Times, Scotsman, and Glasgow Herald, 2 Sept. 1908.]
G. W. T. O.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Haigh, Arthur Elam

​HAIGH, ARTHUR ELAM (1855–1905), classical scholar, born at Leeds on 27 Feb. 1855, was third son, in a family of three sons and two daughters, of Joseph Haigh, chemist, by his wife Lydia, daughter of Charles James Duncan. He was educated at Leeds grammar school, where he gained nearly every school distinction. On 22 Oct. 1874 he matriculated from Corpus Christ College, Oxford, with a scholarship, and began his lifelong career of study and teaching at the university. As an undergraduate he was versatile and successful. He took a first class in classical moderations in 1875 and in literæ humaniores in 1878; he won the two Gaisford prizes for Greek verse (1876) and Greek prose (1877), the Craven scholarship (1879), and the Stanhope prize for an essay on the 'Political Theories of ​Dante' (1878). He made pungent and witty speeches at the Union on the liberal side, and he rowed in the Corpus eight when it was near the head of the river. On graduating B.A. in 1878 (M.A. 1881) he was elected to a fellowship at Hertford, which he held till 1886. He became classical lecturer at Corpus also in 1878, and for the next twenty-seven years was constantly engaged in teaching at that and other colleges. In 1901 he was admitted fellow of Corpus, and was appointed senior tutor the following year. He was classical moderator in 1888–9, and again in 1897–8. Haigh collaborated with T. L. Papillon in an edition of Virgil with a very careful text (1892); and he published 'The Attic Theatre' (1889) and 'The Tragic Drama of the Greeks' (1896). These works, which gave Haigh a general reputation, exhibit sound scholarship, independent judgment, the faculty of lucid exposition, and a wide range of classical and miscellaneous reading.
Haigh laid more stress than most Oxford tutors of his time on verbal accuracy and the need for close textual study. But the limitations of his method were consistent with broad and sympathetic literary interests. He studied English literature with the same fastidious diligence which he bestowed upon the classics, and was a cultivated and extremely well-informed critic of the English poets, and of some of the greater writers of Germany, France, and Italy.
Haigh took little part in university business or society, living a tranquil family life and cherishing a few intimate friendships. He died somewhat suddenly at his residence in the Parks at Oxford on 20 Dec. 1905, and was buried in Holywell churchyard.
In Aug. 1886 he married Matilda Forth, daughter of Jeremiah Giles Pilcher, J. P., D.L. She predeceased him in July 1904, leaving four children.
[Personal knowledge; Foster's Alumni Oxonienses; article by A. G. (i.e. A. D. Godley, Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford) in the Oxford Magazine, 24 Jan. 1906.]
S. J. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Taylor, Michael Waistell

​TAYLOR, MICHAEL WAISTELL (1824–1892), antiquary and physician, son of Michael Taylor, an Edinburgh merchant, was born at Portobello in Midlothian on 29 Jan. 1824. He was educated at Portsmouth and matriculated at Edinburgh University in 1840, graduating M.D. in 1843. In the following year he obtained a diploma from the Edinburgh College of Physicians and Surgeons. While at Edinburgh University he made a special study of botany, and was appointed assistant to Professor John Hutton Balfour [q. v.] He was also one of the founders and early presidents of the Hunterian Medical Society. In 1844 he studied surgery at Paris for nine months, and afterwards visited various foreign cities collecting botanical specimens. In 1845 he settled in Penrith in Cumberland, and soon after succeeded to the practice of Dr. John Taylor. In 1858 he achieved distinction by ascertaining that scarlet fever might be caused by contamination of the milk supply—a discovery which has been acknowledged by medical men to be of great service in preventing infection. In 1868 he had a large share in founding the border counties branch of the British Medical Association, and was the second to hold the office of president. He was the author of many treatises on medical subjects, and in 1881 wrote an important article on the fungoid nature of diphtheria.
Taylor was no less known as an antiquary than as a physician. He was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London on 27 May 1886, and was a fellow of the Scottish Society of Antiquaries, a member of the Epidemiological Society, and a member of the council of the Royal Archæological Institute. He joined the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archæological Society soon after its formation in 1866. He made several important local discoveries, particularly of the vestiges of Celtic occupation on Ullswater, the starfish cairns of Moor Divock, the prehistoric remains at Clifton, and the Croglin moulds for casting spear-heads in bronze. At the time of his death he had completed a very elaborate work on the ‘Old Manorial Halls of Cumberland and Westmorland’ (London, 1892, 8vo). He retired from medical practice in 1884, and, dying in London on 24 Nov. 1892, was buried at Penrith in the Christ Church burial-ground. He married in 1858 Mary, a daughter of J. H. Rayner of Liverpool, and left three sons and three daughters.
[Memoir prefixed to Old Manorial Halls, 1892 (with portrait); Times, 2 Dec. 1892; Carlisle Journal, 29 Nov. 1892; List of Edinburgh Medical Graduates, p. 135.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Taylor, John (d.1808)

​TAYLOR, JOHN (d. 1808), writer on India, entered the service of the East India Company in 1776 as a cadet in the Bombay army. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant on 1 May 1780, became captain in December 1789, was appointed major on 20 March 1797, and on 6 March 1800 attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He married before 1789, and died at Poonah on 10 Oct. 1808. Taylor was the author of: 1. ‘Considerations on the Practicability and Advantages of a more speedy Communication between Great Britain and her Possessions in India,’ London, 1795, 4to. This work, which was chiefly based on Colonel James Capper's ‘Observations on the Passage to India’ (1783), advocated an overland route for letters through Egypt. 2. ‘Observations on the Mode proposed by the New Arrangement for the Distribution of the Off-reckoning Fund of the several Presidencies in India,’ 1796, 4to. 3. ‘Travels from England to India by the way of the Tyrol, Venice, Scandaroon, Aleppo, and over the Great Desert to Bussora,’ London, 1799, 8vo. 4. ‘Letters on India,’ 1800, 4to; translated into French, Paris, 1801, 8vo. 5. ‘The India Guide,’ pt. i. vol. i. 1801, 8vo. ​This writer must not be confused with John Taylor (d. 1821), member of the Asiatic Society of Bombay and of the Literary Society of Bombay, who was born in Edinburgh and obtained the degree of M.D. from the university in 1804. He entered the Bombay service, was appointed assistant-surgeon on 26 March 1809, and was promoted to the rank of surgeon in 1821. He was the author of several translations from the Sanscrit. He died on 6 Dec. 1821 at Shiraz in Persia, leaving a son John, born in 1804, who became a member of the Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh, and died in that city on 14 July 1856 (Notes and Queries, II. vi. 309, 464; Dodwell and Miles, List of Indian Medical Officers, p. 140).
[Dodwell and Miles's Indian Army List, Bombay Presidency, p. 80; Reuss's Register of Living Authors, 1804, ii. 376–7; Gent. Mag. 1796, ii. 945.]
E. I. C.