OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelton, Arthur

​KELTON, ARTHUR (fl. 1546), versifier, seems to have been son and heir to Thomas Kelton of Shrewsbury, by Mary, daughter of George Ponsbury. Wood says that he was thought to be a Welshman, but this may easily be reconciled with a Shropshire origin. He was for a time a student at Oxford, though his name does not appear in the registers. He applied himself to history. ‘But being withal very poetically given, he must forsooth write and publish his lucubrations in verse; whereby, for rhime's sake, many material matters, and the due timing of them, are omitted, and so consequently rejected by historians and antiquaries.’ He was alive in the reign of Edward VI, and married Joan, daughter of Richard Morgan, by whom he had a son, William. Kelton published: 1. ‘Book of Poetry in Praise of the Welshmen,’ printed probably by Grafton in 1546. No copy seems now accessible; from the extracts supplied by Bliss, Kelton seems to have been of the reforming party in church matters. It was dedicated to Sir William Herbert (fl. 1604) [q. v.] 2. ‘A Chronicle with a Genealogie declaring that the Brittons and Welshmen are … dyscended from Brute,’ b.l., London, 1547, 12mo. The genealogy traces the descent of Edward VI, to whom the book was dedicated, from Brute. The chronicle appears to have been written in the reign of Henry VIII.
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelty, Mary Ann

1904 Errata appended.
​KELTY, MARY ANN (1789–1873), authoress, daughter of an Irish surgeon resident in Cambridge, was born in that town in 1789. Her brother, Sterling Kelty, graduated from King's College, B.A. in 1804, M.A. 1807, and was a senior fellow of his college until 1826. Her first book, a novel entitled ‘The Favourite of Nature,’ appeared anonymously in 1821. It gained the approbation of Joanna Baillie, and was in 1823 translated into French under the title of ‘Eliza Rivers.’ Her literary reputation, combined with her strong musical tastes, won Miss Kelty many friends in Cambridge; but upon the death of her father and mother, who both died in 1822, she adopted severely evangelical views, under the influence of Charles Simeon's preaching, and abandoned society. She left Cambridge in 1832, and spent the rest of her life at 5 Hanover Street, Peckham, London, where she wrote many rambling books, chiefly of a pious character. She was much attracted by the lives of the early quakers, and frequently attended the Friends' meeting-house at Peckham, though she did not become a member of the society. She died at Peckham 8 Jan. 1873.
Her chief works are: 1. ‘The Favourite of Nature,’ 1821, 8vo. 2. ‘The Catacombs. An Allegory. Taken from a work of the last century (by B. de Mandeville), entitled “The World Unmasked,”’ 1822, 8vo. 3. ‘Time of Trial; being a Brief Narrative of the Progress of the Reformation,’ 1830, 8vo. 4. ‘Spiritual Fragments, selected from the Works of William Law.’ 5. ‘Early Days in the Society of Friends,’ 1840, 12mo. 6. ‘Mamma and Mary, discoursing upon Good and Evil, in six Dialogues,’ 1840, 12mo. 7. ‘Fireside Philosophy, or Glimpses of Truth,’ 1842, 8vo. 8. ‘Memoirs of the Lives and Persecutions of Primitive Quakers,’ 1844, 12mo. 9. ‘Visiting my Relations,’ 1851, 8vo. 10. ‘Reminiscences of Thought and Feeling,’ 1852, 8vo. 11. ‘Waters of Comfort,’ 1856, 8vo. 12. ‘The Real and the Beau Ideal,’ 1860, 8vo. 13. ‘Eventide, a Devotional Diary for the Close of the Day,’ 1860, 8vo. 14. ‘Loneliness and Leisure,’ 1867, 8vo. 15. ‘The Solace of a Solitaire,’ 1869, 8vo.
[Smith's Catalogue of Friends' Books, ii. 51, Halkett and Laing's Anon. and Pseudon. Lit. Mrs. Douglas's Life of Whewell, pp. 84–5, 101, 110; Notes and Queries, 4th ser. i. 481; Miss Kelty's Works, especially the autobiographical fragments in Reminiscences of Thought and Feeling and Solace of a Solitaire; information from Robert Bowes, esq., Cambridge.]
T. S.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.171 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 360 | ii | 17 | Kelty, Mary A.: after Literature; insert Mrs. Douglas's Life of Whewell, pp. 84-85, 101,110; |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelly, Matthew

​KELLY, MATTHEW (1814–1858), Irish antiquary, born at Kilkenny 21 Sept. 1814, was eldest son of James Kelly, by Margaret Sauphy. An uncle, Patrick Kelly, was bishop of Waterford. Kelly was taught in very early years by M. S. Brennan, author of the ‘Ecclesiastical History of Ireland.’ When about seven years of age he entered the Kilkenny diocesan seminary, and in 1831 he began theological studies at Maynooth, where he was elected a Dunboyne student in 1836. From 1839 to 1841 he was professor successively of philosophy and theology in the Irish College at Paris, and on 5 Nov. 1841 was appointed to the chair of belles-lettres and French at Maynooth; on 20 Oct. 1857 he became professor there of ecclesiastical history. In 1854 he was made D.D. by the pope, and about the same time a canon of Ossory. Kelly died on 30 Oct. 1858, and was buried in the cemetery of Maynooth.
Kelly was an enthusiastic student of Irish antiquities and ecclesiastical history. At his death he had made large collections for a work on ‘The Ecclesiastical Annals of Ireland from the Invasion to the Reformation,’ as a continuation of the work of John Lanigan [q. v.], and was superintending the publication of the ‘Collections on Irish Church History’ by Dr. Renehan. He edited John Lynch's ‘Cambrensis Eversus,’ Dublin, 3 vols. 1848–52 (for the Celtic Society, of whose council he was a member); Stephen White's ‘Apologia pro Hibernia,’ Dublin, 1849; and Philip O'Sullivan's ‘Historiæ Catholicæ Iberniæ Compendium,’ Dublin, 1850. He also translated M. Gosselin's ‘Power of the Popes during the Middle Ages,’ London, 1853 (vol. i. of the ‘Library of Translations from Select Foreign Literature’), and published a ‘Calendar of Irish Saints, the Martyrology of Tullagh; with Notices of the Patron Saints of Ireland. And Select Poems and Hymns,’ Dublin, 1857, 8vo. Kelly contributed to various periodicals, notably the ‘Dublin Review,’ and a collection of his essays, entitled ‘Dissertations chiefly on Irish Church History,’ was edited, with a memoir, by Dr. McCarthy, Dublin, 1864.
[Memoir prefixed to the Dissertations; private information.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelly, Ralph

​KELLY or O'KELLY, RALPH (d. 1361), archbishop of Cashel, was born at Drogheda, co. Louth. He was educated in a convent of Carmelites at Kildare, where he became one of the brotherhood, and in 1336 he was made prolocutor and advocate-general for his order under Peter de Casa, the master-general. In 1345 he was advanced to the archbishopric of Cashel by Pope Clement VI, and obtained restitution of the temporalities from Edward III on 4 April of the following year, as appears from the exchequer records. He was a high-spirited prelate, and maintained the privileges of the church against the temporal power. In 1346, when a parliament, held at Kilkenny, granted a subsidy to the king, Kelly opposed the levy, and summoned a meeting of his suffragan bishops at Tipperary, who decreed that all ​beneficed clergymen contributing to the subsidy should ipso facto be deprived of their benefices, and be incapable of holding any preferment within the province; and that the laity who contributed should be ipso facto excommunicated, and their children to the third generation disqualified for any benefice within the same limits. In pursuance of these decrees the archbishop and his suffragans openly excommunicated several offenders in the leading street of Clonmel. For this offence an information was exhibited against him to the king's damage of 1,000l., in answer to which he pleaded that by Magna Charta the church was to remain free, and that all were to be excommunicated who should infringe the liberties granted thereby. He was, however, convicted, and had a day given him ten several times to move in arrest of judgment. What further came of it does not appear. The other bishops were convicted upon the like information.
In 1353 he had a vehement dispute with Roger Cradock, bishop of Waterford. Two Irishmen found guilty of heresy, or, according to another account, of contumely offered to the Virgin Mary, before the bishop, had been burned by his order, without any license from the archbishop. Ware adds that ‘on Thursday after St. Francis's Day, a little before midnight, the archbishop entered privately into the churchyard of the Blessed Trinity at Waterford by the little door of St. Catherine, guarded by a numerous troop of armed men, and made an assault on the bishop in his lodgings, and grievously wounded him and many others who were in his company, and robbed him of his goods.’
Kelly died at Cashel on 20 Nov. 1361 (Annals of Nenagh), and was buried in his cathedral in that city. He was a man of learning, and wrote a ‘Book of the Canon Law,’ and one, or (as some say) seven ‘Books of Familiar Letters,’ and other works, none of which are extant.
B. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelly, Patrick

​KELLY, PATRICK (1756–1842), mathematician and astronomer, born in 1756, was for many years master of a successful private school, called the ‘Mercantile School,’ in Finsbury Square, London. He was appointed mathematical examiner at the Trinity House, and in 1813 had the degree of LL.D. conferred upon him by the university of Glasgow. Kelly was acquainted with Dr. Maskelyne, Sir John Herschel, Dr. Hutton, and other men of science, and was occasionally consulted by committees of the House of Commons as an authority on questions of coinage and currency. He died at Brighton, 5 April 1842. A portrait of him by Ashby was engraved by Woolnoth.
Kelly's principal work, ‘The Universal Cambist and Commercial Instructor,’ London, 1811, is a ‘general treatise on exchange, including the monies, coins, weights and measures of all trading nations and colonies, with an account of their banks, public funds, paper currencies, commercial allowances, and other mercantile regulations.’ Certain tables of ‘Assays,’ which were drawn up by Sir Isaac Newton in 1719, are included. A second edition of Kelly's ‘Cambist’ appeared in 1821; a third, with supplements, in 1832; and the last in 1835. McCulloch described it as the most complete work of its class in the English language, although it is now almost entirely out of date. Kelly also published: 1. ‘Practical Introduction to Spherics and Nautical Astronomy,’ 1796 (5th edit. 1832), an endeavour to simplify stereographic projection by the ‘discovery of a projection for clearing lunar distances in order to find the longitude at sea, with a new method of calculating this problem;’ part ii. contains a selection of the chief propositions in nautical astronomy. 2. ‘Elements of Book-keeping, founded on real business, with an Appendix on Exchanges,’ 1802. 3. ‘Metrology, or an Exposition of Weights and Measures,’ 1816, with a synopsis of the parliamentary acts relating to the subject, and some valuable historical notes. 4. ‘Junius proved to be Burke,’ London, 1826, a work of no value. 5. ‘Oriental Metrology, containing the Monies, Weights and Measures of the East Indies reduced to the English Standard,’ 1833. A ‘Dissertation on Weights and Measures,’ with an interesting account of their origin, by Kelly, appeared in the ‘British Review’ in 1817. He was responsible for ‘the commercial and mathematical department’ in D. Steel's ‘Shipmaster's Assistant,’ 1826.
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Keltridge, John

​KELTRIDGE, JOHN (fl. 1581), divine, matriculated in 1565 at Trinity College, Cambridge, and proceeded B.A. 1571–2, M.A. 1575. On 14 July 1579 he was incorporated M.A. at Oxford. He was a good preacher, and an ordination sermon by him at Fulham (16 May 1577) attracted notice; on 20 July 1577 he was presented by Queen Elizabeth to the vicarage of Dedham, Essex, but resigned the living before 20 Dec. 1578. In 1579 he was sent by Aylmer, bishop of London, to Cookham, Berkshire, to supply the place of a puritan minister who had been suspended by the ecclesiastical commission, but ‘one Welden, a person of some note in Cookham,’ seems to have prevented him from officiating. In 1581 he describes himself as ‘a preacher of the Word of God in London,’ and was residing in Holborn. His death appears to have taken place in the Norwich diocese.
Keltridge is the author of: 1. ‘The Exposition and Readynges of John Keltridge … upon the wordes of our Saviour Christe, that bee written in the xi. of Luke. Imprinted at London by William How, for Abraham Veale,’ 1578, 4to, b.l. Prefixed is a dedication to Aylmer and a long letter to the reader by the author, together with a Latin epistle and a copy of elegiacs addressed to the author by Cambridge friends. After the ‘Exposition’ follows, at p. 219, the sermon preached at the ordination in 1577, which ​supplied interesting details about the social condition and status of the contemporary clergy (Sketches of the Reformation, &c., J. O. W. Haweis, pp. 71, 76, 78, 80, 100–1). 2. ‘Two Godlie and learned Sermons, appointed and Preached before the Jesuites, Seminaries, and other adversaries to the Gospell of Christ in the Tower of London. In May 7 and 21 Anno 1581, Richard Jhones,’ London, 8vo, b.l. Three letters, dedicatory to Walsingham, to the readers, and to the jesuits, are prefixed, dated 10 June 1581. The sermons are referred to in Gregory Martin's ‘Discoverie of the manifold corruptions of the Holy Scriptures by the Heretikes,’ &c., Rhemes, 1582, pp. 278–80, and in W. Fulke's ‘Defence … against Martin’ (Parker Society), pp. 78, 530–1.
[Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. i. 449; Strype's Aylmer (Clarendon Press), pp. 22, 39; Tanner's Bibliotheca, p. 451; Newcourt's Repertorium, ii. 210; J. O. W. Haweis's Sketches of the Reformation, pp. 180–2; Wood's Fasti, ed. Bliss, i. 215; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Kelway, Joseph

​KELWAY, JOSEPH (d. 1782), organist and harpsichord player, studied under his brother Thomas [q. v.] and Geminiani. He succeeded Shuttleworth as organist of St. Michael's, Cornhill, about 1730, and resigned in 1736 to succeed Weldon at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields. His extempore playing, with its ‘flights, fancies, and execution adapted to the instrument’ (A. B. C. Dario, Musicians, p. 30), had not been excelled ‘even by Handel, though the fugue … of the latter was greater.’ Handel himself, among other musicians, frequented St. Martin's Church to hear his fantastic performances. Kelway was no less esteemed as a performer on the harpsichord. Among his pupils were Charles Wesley, Mrs. Delany, and Queen Charlotte, to whom he was appointed harpsichord master on her arrival in England, 1761. Mrs. Pendarves (Delany, Letters) wrote in 1736 to Ann Granville: ‘My brother has tied me down at last to learn of Kellaway; he has paid him the entrance money, which is two guineas, and has made me a present of Handel's “Book of Lessons.” I don't find Kellaway's method difficult at all;’ and Ann Granville asks Lady Throckmorton, in August 1739: ‘Have you heard Mr. Kellaway upon the harpsichord? He is at Scarborough, and a most delightful player, very little inferior to Handel.’ He rendered Scarlatti's most difficult sonatas brilliantly, and is described by Burney as the ‘head of the Scarlatti sect.’ John Christian Bach subsequently introduced a new style, the pianoforte became fashionable, and Kelway's musical ‘sect’ did not survive the change in public taste.
Kelway died in 1782, and his will (signed 14 April 1779 and proved 5 June 1782) ​provided for his grandnephew, William Kelway, and for four grandnieces, one of whom was Elizabeth, wife of John Stafford Smith. To her and to Ann Heather he left his harpsichord (‘made by Petrus Joannes Couchet’), his Cremona violin, and all his instruments and books of music. He had given his picture of Geminiani and his own portrait to his ‘faithful servant, Ann Phillips,’ to whom also was granted during her life the use of his house in King's Row, Upper Grosvenor Street, and his household goods. Robert Heather, coachbuilder, and John Stafford Smith were the executors. The collection of music was sold in 1782. Except a few court minuets, &c., Kelway's only publication was ‘Six Sonatas for the Harpsichord,’ 1764.
[Dict. of Musicians, 1827, ii. 8; Boyce's Cathedral Harmony, i. 2; Mrs. Delany's Letters, i. 579, ii. 61; Wesley's Letters on Bach, p. 14; Burney's History, iii. 262, iv. 665; Pohl's Mozart in London, pp. 103, 118; Grove's Dict. of Music and Musicians, ii. 50; P. C. C. Reg. of Wills, (Gostling), f. 295.]
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Connor, Cathal (d.1010)

Cathal mac Conchobair in the ODNB.
​O'CONNOR, CATHAL (d. 1010), king of Connaught, was son of Conchobhar, from whom the Ui Conchobhair or O'Connors of Connaught take their name, and was grandson of Tadhg, tenth in descent from Muireadhach Muileathan. From Muireadhach the O'Connors take their tribe-name of Sil or race of Muireadhaigh, and through him they are descended from Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, king of Ireland in the fourth century. Several of the clan claimed to be kings of Ireland, but no one later than this remote ancestor had any genuine title to the chief kingship of Ireland. The O'Rourkes shared with the O'Connors the alternate sovereignty of Connaught till about the middle of the eleventh century. Cathal became king of Connaught in 980. He built a bridge over the Shannon at Athlone in 1000, and a beautiful doorway at Clonmacnois is attributed to him by Petrie, on the authority of an entry in the registry of Clonmacnois. He entered the monastery of Clonmacnois in 1003, and died in 1010. Five sons survived him: Tadhg an eich ghill, who was king of Connaught from 1015 to 1030, the interval being filled by an O'Rourke; Brian, Conchobhair, Domhnall Dubhshuilech, and Tadhg Direch. His sister was wife of Brian [q. v.], king of Ireland.
[Annala Rioghachta Eireann, ed. O'Donovan, vol. ii.; Petrie's Essay on Ecclesiastical Architecture in Ireland; Annals of Ulster, vol. i. ed. Henessey; Chronicon Scotorum, ed. Henessey.]
N. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Connor, John (1824-1887)

​O'CONNOR, JOHN (1824–1887), Canadian statesman, was born in January 1824 at Boston, Massachusetts, whither his parents had emigrated from co. Kerry in 1823. In 1828 the O'Connor family removed to Canada, and settled in Essex County, Ontario, Canada. They were agriculturists, and John O'Connor worked as a farm labourer on their land till 1823. In the winter of that year he lost his left leg owing to an accident while cutting down trees. He now became a student of law, and was called to the Canadian bar in 1854. He settled down to practice at Windsor. A conservative and Roman catholic, he took a strong part in local politics, and obtained the offices of reeve of Windsor, warden of Essex County, and chairman of the Windsor school board. In 1867 he was elected to the Canadian Legislature for Essex. In Sir John Macdonald's ministry of 1872–3 O'Connor successively held the posts of president of the council, minister of inland revenue, and postmaster-general. At the general election of 1874 he lost his seat for Essex, and remained out of the legislature till 1878, when he was chosen for Russell County. He entered the conservative government, again formed by Sir John Macdonald [q. v.], and held the posts of president of the council, postmaster-general, and secretary of state. In 1884 he was appointed puisne judge of the divisional court of queen's bench at Ontario. He died at Coburg on 3 Nov. 1887.
[Withrow's History of Canada; Rose's Cyclopædia of Canadian Biography; Canadian Parliamentary Debates.]
G. P. M-y.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/O'Connor, Roderic (d.1118)

Ruadrí Ua Conchobair in the ODNB.
​O'CONNOR, RODERIC, or in Irish RUAIDHRI (d. 1118), king of Connaught, always mentioned by Irish historians as ‘na Soighe Buidhe,’ of the yellow brach, was son of Aedh O'Connor [q. v.], king of Connaught, but does not appear in the annals as king till 1076, nine years after his father's death, when he made formal submission to Turlough O'Brien (1009–1086) [q. v.], who had invaded Connaught. In 1079 he was driven out of Connaught by O'Brien, but had returned in 1082. In 1087 he established his power by a great victory over the invading Conmaicne at Cunghill in Corran, co. Sligo, a battle long after employed in dates as the starting-point of an era, just as the battle of Antrim was in later times. In 1088 he took the island in the Shannon called Incherky, and afterwards plundered Corcomroe, co. Clare. He had to give hostages in token of submission to Domhnall O'Lochlainn, king of Ireland, and then joined him in burning Limerick and plundering the plain of Munster as far as Emly. They demolished Cenncoradh, the chief fort of the Dal Cais, and carried off Madadhan O'Ceinnedigh, and one hundred and sixty hostages, for whom a large ransom in cows, horses, gold, silver, and meat was afterwards obtained. He again invaded Munster in 1089. In 1090 he had once more to give hostages and declare allegiance to Domhnall O'Lochlainn. In 1092 he was treacherously seized by Flaibheartach O'Flaibheartaigh, his gossip, and his eyes put out, an outrage avenged in 1098 by Madadhan O'Cuanna, who slew Flaibheartach. O'Connor ceased to be king, and retired to the monastery of Clonmacnoise, where he died in 1118. He married Mór, daughter of Turlough O'Brien. His son Turlough O'Connor [q. v.] became king of Connaught. Another son, Niall, surnamed Aithclerech, was killed in 1093. His daughter had some skill in metal-work.
[Annala Rioghachta Eireann, vol. ii. ed. O'Donovan; Annals of Ulster, vol. ii. ed. McCarthy.]
N. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parker, John (1798-1860)

​PARKER, JOHN (1798–1860), amateur architect, born on 3 Oct. 1798, was the second son of Thomas Netherton Parker of Sweeney Hall, Shropshire. He was educated at Eton and at Oriel College, Oxford, matriculating 31 Jan. 1816, and graduating B.A. 9 June 1820, M.A. 9 June 1825 (Cat. Oxf. Grad.) From 7 Nov. 1827 to 1844 he was rector of Llanmarewic in Montgomeryshire. He was a student and great admirer of early English architecture, and added to his church a tower and south porch. In 1835, when the erection of Trinity Church, Oswestry, was contemplated, at a cost of from 3,000l. to 4,000l., he offered his services as architect, and built the chancel and vaulted apse. In 1844 he became vicar of Llan-y-Blodwell, Shropshire. He rebuilt the church there at his own expense and from his own designs, and carved the altar-piece himself. He also built about 1858 a new school and master's house in early English style. Parker died at his vicarage, Llan-y-Blodwell, on 13 Aug. 1860. At the time of his death he was rural dean of Llangollen, and was the owner of the Sweeney Hall estate, inherited from his father in 1854. Parker was local secretary of the Cambrian Archæological Association. He was a devoted botanist and a skilful draughtsman. A dialogue called ‘The Passengers’ (three tourists in North Wales), written by him and published in 1831 (London, 8vo; see Brit. Mus. Catalogue), was illustrated by engravings from his own drawings. He regarded ‘the style of the thirteenth century in England as the best suited for the buildings of the present day when modified according to the practical requirements of the age.’
W. W.