OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Norwalk (Connecticut)

Edition of 1905. See also Norwalk, Connecticut on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
NORWALK, nôr′wa̤k. A city in Fairfield County, Conn., 14 miles west by south of Bridgeport; on the Norwalk River, near Long Island Sound, and on the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (Map: Connecticut, B 5). It is attractively situated on the Sound, and is a popular residential place as well as a noted summer resort. Its more prominent buildings include the Carnegie Library, Norwalk Hospital, Fairfield County Children's Home, and the State Armory. There are extensive manufactures of hats, corsets, shirts, shoes, cassimeres, felt goods, silks, locks, air compressors, etc. The oyster interests also are important, and considerable coastwise trade is carried on. The New York and Norwalk steamboat line maintains regular service to New York. The government is vested in a mayor, annually elected, and a unicameral council. There are municipal water-works. Population, in 1900, 6135. Norwalk was settled in 1649 and incorporated as n town in 1651. It embraced what is now the cities of South
Norwalk, chartered in 1870, and Norwalk. The latter was incorporated in 1836, as a borough, and was chartered as a city in 1893. On November 11, 1779, Norwalk was burned by a British and Hessian force under generals Tryon and Garth. Consult: Selleck, Norwalk (Norwalk, 1896); and Byington, “Ancient and Modern Norwalk,” in the Connecticut Quarterly, vol. i. (Hartford, 1895).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Northeast Cape

See also the disclaimer.
​NORTHEAST CAPE. The most northerly point of Asia. See Severo Cape.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Norwalk (Ohio)

Edition of 1905. See also Norwalk, Ohio on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
NORWALK. A city and the county-seat of Huron County, Ohio, 55 miles west by south of Cleveland; on the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern and the Wheeling and Lake Erie railroads (Map: Ohio, E 3). It is a city of fine residences, particularly on the main street, and has a handsome court house and jail. Norwalk is well situated for a commercial centre in an agricultural and stock-raising country; its extensive industrial interests are represented by piano works, iron and steel works, railroad shops, pickling works, manufactories of interior decorations, curtain poles, novelties, umbrellas, tobacco, etc., and by a printing and publishing house. The government is vested in a mayor, elected every two years, and a unicameral council. The water-works, with reservoirs having a capacity of 500,000,000 gallons and covering an area of about forty acres, are owned and operated by the municipality. Settled in 1817, Norwalk was incorporated first in 1828. and in 1881 received a city charter. Huron County is the westernmost of the ten counties in northern Ohio composing the ‘Connecticut Reserve,’ or ‘Western Reserve,’ part of which was granted to Revolutionary sufferers. Population, in 1890, 7195; in 1900, 7074.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Northeast Passage

See also Northeast Passage on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NORTHEAST PASSAGE. See Polar Research.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Northen, Adolf

See also Adolph Northen on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NORTHEN, nor'ten, Adolf (1828-76). A German battle painter, born at Münden. Hanover. He studied from 1847 to 1851 at the Academy of Düsseldorf, and made that city his permanent home after having declined to accept a Hanoverian stipend coupled with the condition that he should complete his studies under Horace Vernet in Paris. Most of his pictures represent episodes from the campaigns of Napoleon, such as "Encounter Near the Göhrde Forest" (1852, Hildesheim Museum); "Battle of Waterloo" (1835) and "Defense of a Farm" (both in the Hanover Museum); "Napoleon's Retreat from Moscow" (several times); "Episode in Battle of Waterloo" (1801) and "'Storming of Planchenois in 1815" (1802, both in the Hamburg Gallery). His observations on the battlefields in Denmark, 1804, and in Bohemia, 1860, resulted in the depiction of various scenes in those campaigns, notably the "Engagement Near Oeversee" (1866, Rudolphinum, Prague). Although his health was failing at the time of the Franco-German War, he followed the armies to France, and among other war scenes he produced "Attack of Prussian Hussars at Vionville," his last painting.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Northern Lights

See also the disclaimer.
​NORTHERN LIGHTS. See Aurora Borealis.
# The Partridge and the Fowler

Perry index 265
* "A Fowler and a Partridge", translated by Roger L'Estrange, in Fables of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists (1692)
* "The Partridge and the Fowler", translated by George Fyler Townsend, in Three Hundred Æsop's Fables (1867)
* "The Partridge and the Fowler", translated by Vernon Stanley Jones, in Æsop's fables: A New Translation (1912)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, The Fortunate Lovers (1804)/How Happy the Soldier

HOW HAPPY THE SOLDIER
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, The Fortunate Lovers (1804)/The Fortunate Lovers

THE FORTUNATE LOVERS.
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, the Fortunate Lovers (Edinburgh)

THE
Old Man Outwitted;
OR THE
Fortunate Lovers.
To which is added
The Lawyer and Client.
Edinburgh: Printed by J. Morren, Cowgate
* The Fortunate Lovers
* The Lawyer and Client
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, The Fortunate Lovers (1804)/Thro' the Wood Laddie

THRO' THE WOOD LADDIE.
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, The Fortunate Lovers (1804)/Friendship's a Jewel

FRIENDSHIP'S A JEWEL.
Glasgow, Printed by J. & M. Robertson. Saltmarket. 1804.
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, the Fortunate Lovers (Edinburgh)/The Fortunate Lovers

THE FORTUNATE LOVERS.
# The Old Man and Death

Perry index 60
* "Death and an Old Man" by Aesop, translated by Roger L'Estrange, in Fables of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists (1692)
* "The Old Man and Death" by Aesop, translated by George Fyler Townsend, in Three Hundred Æsop's Fables (1867)
* "The Old Man and Death" by Aesop, translated by Joseph Jacobs, edited by Joseph Jacobs, illustrated by Richard Heighway, in The Fables of Æsop (1894)
* "The Old Man and Death" by Aesop, translated by Vernon Stanley Jones, in Æsop's fables: A New Translation (1912)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, The Fortunate Lovers (1804)/The Marriage Act

THE MARRIAGE ACT.
# The Old Man Outwitted, or, the Fortunate Lovers (Edinburgh)/The Lawyer and Client

THE LAWYER AND CLIENT
FINIS
# The Old Man and his Grandson

* related portals: Brothers Grimm.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, Wikidata item.
English-language translations of Der alte Großvater und der Enkel include:
* "The Old Man and his Grandson", translated by Margaret Raine Hunt, in Grimm's Household Tales, Volume 1 (1884)
* "The Old Man and his Grandson", translated by Alice Lucas, illustrated by Arthur Rackham, in The Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm (1909)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Margherita Ligure

Edition of 1905. See also Santa Margherita Ligure on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARGHERITA LIGURE, mär′gȧ-rē′tȧ lḗ-gōō′rắ. A seaport and bathing resort in the Province of Genoa, Italy, 15 miles east-southeast of Genoa (Map: Italy, D 3). Coral fisheries are carried on and there are manufactures of olive oil and rope. Population (commune), in 1901, 7169.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Maria Capua Vetere

Edition of 1905. See also Santa Maria Capua Vetere on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARIA CAPUA VETERE, kä′pōō-ắ vā′tắ-rắ. A city of South Italy, in the Province of Caserta, 15 miles north of Naples, located on the site of ancient Capua, of whose stones it was partly rebuilt (Map: Italy, J 6). It is an active, thriving, attractive place, with a population of 22,146 (commune) in 1901. Its large, reconstructed cathedral, dating from 1766. has five naves and 52 columns. The Roman ruins attract many sight-seers. Ancient Capua, in Campania, was second only to Rome among the cities of Italy in wealth and population. Under the name of Volturnum it was the chief of the twelve cities said to have been founded by the Etruscans in this part of Italy. In B.C. 343 it formed an alliance with Rome for protection against the Samnite tribes of the mountains. After the battle of Cannæ, B.C. 216, the popular party opened the gates to Hannibal, whose army rapidly degenerated here under the new corrupting surroundings. The Romans obtained possession of the city in B.C. 211. In the fifth century A.D. Capua was devastated by the Vandals under Genseric. It recovered its prosperity again to some extent, but was totally destroyed by the Saracens in 840. Among the antiquities one of the most remarkable is the amphitheatre constructed of travertin, of which well-preserved arches, corridors, and seats for spectators still remain.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Maria Maggiore

Edition of 1905. See also Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARIA MAGGIORE, mȧd-jō′rắ. One of the oldest churches in Rome, reputed to have been built about 352 by Pope Liberius and reërected in the fifth century. Old marble columns and mosaics of this date are preserved in the nave, also fine fifteenth-century mosaics of the Coronation of the Virgin. Over the altar in the Borghese Chapel is an old picture of the Virgin ascribed to Saint Luke. This is one of the five ‘patriarchal churches’ and derives its name of Saint Mary Major from its importance among the eighty churches in Rome dedicated to the Virgin.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santals

Edition of 1905. See also Santal people on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SAN′TALS, or SON′THALS. A people of Dravidian stock in Western Bengal, Northern Orissa, and Bhagalpur. They are of low stature, and dolichocephalic, with dark skins, and wavy hair. Some of the Santals are good agriculturists; others, in the more remote parts of the country, are still practically in the hunting stage. Except the few who have been converted to Hinduism or to Christianity, the Santals are ‘nature-worshipers’ with a sun cult and a belief in evil spirits. Their native system of government is village patriarchism. Like the Dravidian Tamils, the Santals have furnished many temporary or permanent emigrants from Hindustan, who have settled in Farther India. The Santals are generally monogamous, although polygamy and polyandry are not at all unknown among them. A grammar of the Santal language has been published (Benares, 1873) by Skrefsrud, and a collection of “Traditions and Institutions of the Santhals,” written down from the dictation in Santali of Kolean Haram, an old Santal, appeared at Benagoria in 1887. Consult: Man, Sonthalia and the Sonthals (London, 1867); Dalton, Descriptive Ethnology of Bengal (Calcutta, 1872).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Marta

Edition of 1905. See also Santa Marta on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARTA, mär′tȧ. The capital of the Department of Magdalena, Colombia, on the Caribbean coast, 45 miles east of the mouth of the Magdalena River (Map: Colombia, C 1). It has a cathedral, and is a port much frequented by vessels plying among the Antilles. Population, about 6000. Santa Marta was founded in 1525. It was long an important centre of exploration and conquest and was repeatedly sacked and several times entirely destroyed by pirates and Indians. Near the town is the hacienda where Simon Bolivar died in 1830.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa María

Edition of 1905. See also Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARÍA, mȧ-rē′ȧ. A town of Northern Luzon, Philippine Islands, in the Province of Iloco Sur, situated two miles from the coast and 11 miles southeast of Vigan, on the highroad and projected railroad from Manila to Laoag (Map: Philippine Islands, E 2). Population, estimated, in 1899, 10,030.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa María de Pandi

Edition of 1905. See also Santa Maria, Bulacan on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SANTA MARÍA DE PANDI, pän′dḗ. A town of Luzon, Philippine Islands, in the Province of Bulacán, situated near the Manila-Dagupan Railroad, ten miles east of Malolos (Map: Luzon, E 7). It was a handsome and well-built town, with stone arch built bridge but the insurrection almost wiped it out of existence. Santa Maria de Pandi was the military center for the insurrectionists during Spanish rebellion, and the town consequently burned during the Phil-Am War by the American troops. On April 12, 1899, nine companies, under command of Colonel Summers, left Bocaue at 5:45 a. m. and entered Santa Maria at 8:10 town burned. The town was rebuilt itself with temporary nipa houses. It is a rich rice and fruit country. Its beautiful horse-shoe roads going in and out of the town and its proximity to Manila and the railroad makes the land very valuable. It also has river transportation. Population, estimated, in 1896, 10,508.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Sartorius von Waltershausen, August

Edition of 1905. See also August Sartorius von Waltershausen on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SARTORIUS VON WALTERSHAUSEN, sär-tō′rḗ-ụs fṓn väl′tĕrs-hou′zen, August, Baron (1852—). A German economist, born in Göttingen. He was educated in the University of Göttingen, became professor at Zurich in 1885, and in 1888 was called to a chair of economics in Strassburg. His principal works deal with American economic and industrial problems and include: Die Zukunft des Deutschtums in den Vereinigten Staaten (1885); Nordamerikanische Gewerkschaften (1886); Moderner Sozialismus in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika (1890); Arbeitsverfassung der englischen Kolonien in Nordamerika (1894); and Handelsbilanz der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika (1901).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa Maria del Fiore

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARIA DEL FIORE, dĕl fḗ-ō′rắ. The Duomo or cathedral of Florence (q.v.).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Santa María, Domingo

Edition of 1905. See also Domingo Santa María on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ SANTA MARÍA, Domingo (1820-90). A South American politician, born in Santiago de Chile. He was obliged to leave Chile because of his share in the events of 1850-51 and was again exiled in 1858. Upon his return to Chile he held the positions of Minister of Finance (1863-64), envoy to Peru, judge of the Supreme Court (1868), and president of the Court of Appeals (1874), He was a member of President Pinto's Cabinet, with the portfolios of Foreign Affairs, the Interior, and War, and was President of the Republic in 1881-86, when he again became president of the Court of Appeals. Many of the present railroads were built during his administration, the Araucanian Indians were brought into subjection, and the disputes with Peru arranged on a more secure peace basis. His works include Biografía de José Miguel Infante (1853) and Memoria historica sobre la abdicación del director Don Bernardo O'Higgins (1858).
# The New Student's Reference Work/Annuals

See also Annual plant on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Annuals. Plants which endure only a single growing season. See Duration.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Ansonia, Conn.

See also Ansonia, Connecticut on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Anso'nia, Conn., a city of New Haven County, on the Naugatuck River, near the city of Derby and the junction of the Naugatuck with the Housatonic River. It is on the line of the N. Y., New Haven & Hartford railroad, about 12 miles west of New Haven. It has a number of manufactories, chiefly of brass and copper products, clocks, electrical works, webbing and knitting goods, carriages and hardware. Ansonia was founded in 1844 by Anson Greene Phelps, and the public library of the city was erected to his memory by his granddaughters. Population 15,152.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Antarctic Circle

See also Antarctic Circle on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Antarctic Circle is one of the smaller circles of the globe, twenty-three and a half degrees from the south pole.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Annulus

See also Annulus on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
An'nulus. A structure developed in the wall of the spore-case (sporangium) of the ordinary ferns to assist in discharging the spores. See Filicales.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Anselm

See also Anselm of Canterbury on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
An'selm, Archbishop of Canterbury, was born in Piedmont in 1033. He studied at Bec in Normandy and became renowned for his learning. He was elected abbot of Bec in 1078, and in 1093 was chosen archbishop of Canterbury in England. Anselm quarreled so fiercely with the king, William Rufus, in regard to the relation of church and state that he was exiled from England. He was recalled by Henry I with whom the quarrel was continued. The controversy was finally settled by a compromise. The king permitted the bishops to be elected, though the election was to take place at his court. The rights of the crown were secured by the act of homage on the part of the bishops when they received their lands; the spiritual rights of the church were recognized by the anointing of the bishops by the archbishop and their investiture with ring and crozier at his hands. Papal jurisdiction was not excluded, but no papal legate could come into England without the king's permission. Anselm was the author of many books on theology and philosophy. He died in Canterbury in 1109, and was buried there.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Anniston, Ala.

See also Anniston, Alabama on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
An'niston, Ala., a progressive city, the county seat of Cathoun County, situated in the Blue Ridge chain of mountains. It is located on the Southern, the Louisville and Nashville and other railroads, about 62 miles east by north of Birmingham. It has an extensive mining and manufacturing trade and exports largely of coal, iron, cotton and lumber. A number of educational institutions have their seat here, including the Anniston College for young ladies, the co-educational Noble Institute and the Barber Memorial Seminary (for colored girls). It has one notable church edifice, that of St. Michael and All Angels. The city dates from 1883. Population, 12,797.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Ant-Eater

See also Anteater on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Ant-Eater, a toothless animal found in Central and South America feeding on white ants and other insects. The long, flexible tongue, covered with sticky saliva, is protruded among the insects and suddenly withdrawn when a number have collected upon it. There are a number of forms. The great ant-eater is about four feet long with a large tail covered with bushy hair. The color is gray, marked by a band of black on the breast and toward the shoulders; the feet and forelegs are white. The claws are long and strong, adapted for digging. It sleeps a great deal, and lies curled up with its tail spread out to protect it from sun and rain. In defending itself, it makes good use of its strong forearms.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Ant-Lion

See also Antlion on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Ant-Lion, the larva of an insect common in the United States and belonging to the order Neuroptera. The larva is armed with long jaws. It constructs in the sand a funnel-shaped pit one or two inches across. It then conceals itself at the bottom with its pincer-like jaws protruding into the funnel. Ants and other insects slide into the pitfall and are devoured by the larva. The adult form is a graceful insect with four delicate wings and a slender body.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Antarctic

See also Antarctica on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Antarc'tic, meaning opposite to the Arctic or northern pole.
# The Passing Year

* "The Passing Year" in The Ascent of Man (1889)
* "The Passing Year" in Poetical works of Mathilde Blind (1900)
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bacillus

See also Bacillus on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Bacil'lus (bȧ-sĭl' lŭs), a genus of the plants known as Bacteria, and distinguished from the other forms by consisting of rather elongated rod-shaped cells. See Bacteria.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bacon, Francis

See also Francis Bacon on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Ba′con, Francis, one of the most extraordinary men that any age can boast. A scholar, a wit, a lawyer, a statesman, a philosopher, his writings will endure as long as the language in which they are written. He was born in London, January 22, 1561. He was sent to the University of Cambridge at the age of twelve. Before he was sixteen he wrote a paper against the philosophy of Aristotle, and at nineteen a work called On the State of Europe, the result of his studies while a member of the suite of the English ambassador at Paris. He was knighted in 1603, appointed consul to the crown, and in 1613 attorney-general. In 1617 he was made keeper of the great seal, and in 1618 appointed lord chancellor, with the title of Lord Verulam, and soon after was created Viscount St. Albans. His fall was as sudden as his rise was rapid. He was accused of bribery and convicted on his own confession. He was fined $200,000, and imprisoned in the Tower. Though the fine was remitted and the imprisonment lasted but two days, shame, added to failing health, kept him from appearing again at court. His death, April 9, 1626, was caused by a cold taken while making an experiment to test the power of snow to preserve flesh. Bacon’s writings are numerous, but he is known best by his philosophical works, Advancement of Learning and Novum Organum, which introduced a new method into philosophy. “He rang the bell which called the other wits together,” is his own description of the effect of these writings. The most popular of his works is his Essays, fifty-eight in number, on such subjects as Pride, Truth, Ambition, Riches, and they well repay study both of their contents and style.
See the works of this author.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bacon, Roger

See also Roger Bacon on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Ba′con, Roger (1214–94), was an English monk and scientist. He studied at Oxford and Paris, became a Franciscan monk about 1250, and devoted himself to science. He made discoveries that ignorant people considered magic. So he was imprisoned twenty years, with one brief space of freedom. He wrote a Latin book, called Opus Majus, giving a comprehensive view of the progress of human knowledge. He invented or improved the telescope. As a scientific discoverer he was centuries ahead of his age.