OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 7,200 Lost U.S. Silent Feature Films (1912-29) (2021-02-04)/K

​ Kaiser, The Beast Of Berlin, The (1918), Rupert Julian?????
Kaiser's Finish, The (1918), Earl Schenck
Kaiser's Shadow, Or The Triple Cross, The (1918), Dorothy Dalton
Kangaroo, The (1914)
Kate (1914)
Kathleen Mavourneen (1919), Charles J. Brabin
Kazan (1921), Bertram Bracken
Keali (1919)
Keep The Home Fires Burning (1918), Harry Levey
Keeper Of The Bees, The (1925), Robert Frazer
Keeping Up With Lizzie (1921), Lloyd Ingraham
Keith Of The Border (1918), Clifford Smith
Kennedy Square (1916), Charles Kent
Kentuckians, The (1921), Charles Maigne
Kentucky Colonel, The (1920), William A. Seiter
Kentucky Days (1923), David Soloman
Key To Power, The (1920), William Parke
Key To Yesterday, The (1914), Carlyle Blackwell
Kick Back, The (1922), Val Paul
Kick In (1917), George Fitzmaurice
Kick-Off, The (1926), Wesley Ruggles
Kid Canfield The Reform Gambler (1922)
​ Kid Is Clever, The (1918), Paul Powell
Kid Sister, The (1927), Ralph Graves
Kid, The (1916), Wilfrid North
Kidder And Ko (1918), Bryant Washburn
Kid's Clever, The (1929), Glenn Tryon
Kildare Of Storm (1918), Harry L. Franklin
Killer, The (1921), Howard Hickman
Kill-Joy, The (1917), Fred E. Wright
Kindled Courage (1923), William Worthington
King Of Diamonds, The (1918), Paul Scardon
King Of The Bowery, The (1914)
King Of The Herd (1927), Frank S. Mattison
King Of The Saddle (1926), William J. Craft
King Spruce (1920), Roy Clements
King Tut-Ankh-Amen's Eighth Wife (1923), Andrew Remo
Kingdom Of Human Hearts, The (1921)
Kingdom Of Youth, The (1918), Clarence G. Badger
Kingdom Within, The (1922), Victor Schertzinger
Kingfisher's Roost, The (1922), Louis Chaudet
King's Game, The (1916), Ashley Miller
Kinkaid, Gambler (1916), Raymond Wells
Kiss Barrier, The (1925), Edmund Lowe
Kiss For Susie, A (1917), Robert Thornby
Kiss In A Taxi, A (1927), Clarence Badger
Kiss In Time, A (1921), Thomas N. Heffron
Kiss Me Again (1925), Ernst Lubitsch
Kiss Of Hate, The (1916), William Nigh
Kiss Or Kill (1918), Elmer Clifton
Kiss, The, The (1921), Jack Conway
Kisses (1922), Maxwell Karger
Kit Carson Over The Great Divide (1925), Frank S. Mattison
Kitty Mackay (1917), Wilfrid North
Kivalina Of The Ice Lands (1925), Earl Rossman
Knickerbocker Buckaroo, The (1919), Albert Parker
Knight Of The Eucharist (1922)
Knight Of The Range, A (1916), Jacques Jaccard
Knight Of The West, A (1921), Robert Mckenzie
Knock On The Door, The (1923)
Knockout Reilly (1927), Malcolm St. Clair
Knockout, The (1925), Lambert Hillyer
Know Your Men (1921), Charles Giblyn
Kreutzer Sonata (1915), Herbert Brenon
Kultur (1918), Gladys Brockwell
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Surtees, Robert

See also Robert Surtees on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​SURTEES, ROBERT (1770–1834), English antiquary and topographical historian, was the son of Robert Surtees of Mainsforth, Durham. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and after studying law without being called to the bar he settled on the family estate at Mainsforth, which he inherited on his father’s death in 1802, and where he lived in retirement for the rest of his life, devoting himself to the study of local antiquities and collecting materials for his History of Durham. This ​book was published in four volumes, the first of which appeared in 1816, and the last in 1840, after the author’s death. The work contains a large amount of genealogical and antiquarian information; it is written in a readable style, and its learning is enlivened by humour. Surtees had also a gift for ballad writing, and he was so successful in imitating the style of old ballads that he managed to deceive Sir Walter Scott himself, who gave a place in his Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border to a piece by Surtees called “The Death of Featherstonehaugh,” under the impression that it was ancient. Surtees, who in 1807 married Anne Robinson, died at Mainsforth on the 11th of February 1834. As a memorial of him the “Surtees Society” was founded in 1834 for the purpose of publishing ancient unedited manuscripts bearing on the history of the border country.
See G. Taylor, Memoir of Robert Surtees, with additions by J. Raine (Surtees Society, London, 1852).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Surrogate

See also Surrogate on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​SURROGATE (from Lat. surrogare, to substitute for), a deputy of a bishop or an ecclesiastical judge, acting in the absence of his principal and strictly bound by the authority of the latter. Canon 128 of the canons of 1603 lays down the qualifications necessary for the office of surrogate and canon 123 the regulations for the appointment to the office. At present the chief duty of a surrogate in England is the granting of marriage licences, but judgments of the arches court of Canterbury have been delivered by a surrogate in the absence of the official principal. The office is unknown in Scotland, but is of some importance in the United States as denoting the judge to whom the jurisdiction of the probate of wills, the grant of administration and of guardianship is confided. In some states he is termed surrogate, in others judge of probate, register, judge of the orphans’ court, &c. His jurisdiction is local, being limited to his county.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Surville, Clotilde de

See also Clotilde de Surville on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​"SURVILLE, CLOTILDE DE," the supposed author of the Poisies de Clotilde. The generally accepted legend gave the following account of her. Marguerite Eleonore Clotilde de Vallon ChalUs, dame de Surville, was born in the early years of the 15th century at Vallon. In 1421 she married Berenger de Surville, who was killed at the siege of Orleans in 1428. Her husband's absence at the war inspired her heroic verses and his death her elegiac poems. The last of her poems is a chant royal addressed to Charles VIII.
In 1803 Charles Vanderbourg published as the Poisies de Clotilde some forty poems dealing with love and war. The history given in the introduction of the discovery of the manu- script was evidently a fable, and the poems were set down by most authorities as forgeries, especially as they contained many anachronisms and were written in accordance with modern laws of prosody. The manuscript had been in the possession of Jean Francois Marie, marquis de Surville, an imigri who returned to France in 1798 to raise an insurrection in Provence, and had paid the penalty with his life. In 1863 Antonin Mace made further inquiries on the subject and discovered letters from Vanderbourg to Surville's widow. This correspondence makes it clear that Vanderbourg was innocent of forgery and believed that the poems were of 15th-century date, and that the anachronisms of matter and form were due to retouching by Surville. But the researches of M. Mace interested local antiquarians, and documentary evidence was produced that the wife of B6renger de Surville was Marguerite Chalis, not Clotilde, and that the marriage dated only from 1428. Moreover Berenger, whose death at the siege of Orleans was one of the leading motives of the book, lived for twenty years after that date. Friends of M. de Surville also disclosed the fact that the marquis had contributed archaic poetry to a Lausanne journal.
See A. Macé, Un proces d'histoire littéraire (1870); A. Mazon, Marguerite Chalis et la ligende de Clotilde de Surville (1875); articles by Gaston Paris in the Revue critique d'histoire et de littérature (March 1, 1873 and May 30, 1874), by Paul Cottin in the Bulletin du bibliophile (1894); E. K. Chambers, Literary Forgeries (1891); and further references in the Bibliographie des femmes célèbres (Turin and Paris, 1892, &c).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Surrey, Earldom of

See also Earl of Surrey on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​SURREY, EARLDOM OF. There is some doubt as to when this earldom was created, but it is unquestionably of early origin. A Norman count, William de Warenne (c. 1030-1088), is generally regarded as its first holder and is thought to have been made an earl by William II. about 1088. William and his successors were styled earls of Surrey or Earls Warenne indifferently, and the family became extinct when William, the 3rd earl, died in 1148. The second family to hold the earldom of Surrey was descended from Isabel de Warenne (d. 1199), daughter and heiress of Earl William, and her second husband Hamelin Plantagenet (d. 1202), an illegitimate half brother of King Henry II. Hamelin took the name of Warenne and was recognized as earl of Surrey or Earl Warenne, and his descendants held the earldom until Earl John died without legitimate issue in 1347.
The earldom and estates of the Warennes now passed to John's nephew, Richard Fitzalan, earl of Arundel (c. 1307-1376), being forfeited when Richard's son, Richard, was beheaded for treason in 1397. Then for about two years there was a duke of Surrey, the title being borne by Thomas Holand, earl of Kent (1374-1400), from 1397 until his degradation in 1399. In 1400 Richard Fitzalan's son, Sir Thomas Fitzalan (1381~1415), was restored to his father's honours and became earl of Arundel and earl of Surrey, but the latter earldom reverted to the Crown when he died. In 1451 John Mowbray (1444-1476), afterwards duke of Norfolk, was created earl of Surrey, but the title became extinct on his death.
The long connexion of the Howards with the earldom of Surrey began in 1483 when Thomas Howard, afterwards duke of Norfolk, was created earl of Surrey. Since that time, with the exception of brief periods when some of its holders were under attainder, the title has been borne by the duke of Norfolk. The courtesy title of the duke's eldest son is earl of Surrey.
See the articles Warenne, Earls; and Arundel, Earls of; also G. E. C.(okayne), Complete Peerage, vol. vii. (1896).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Surtees, Robert Smith

See also Robert Smith Surtees on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​SURTEES, ROBERT SMITH (1803–1864), English novelist and sporting writer, was the second son of Anthony Surtees of Hamsterley Hall, a member of an old Durham family. Educated to be a solicitor, Surtees soon began to contribute to the Sporting Magazine, and in 1831 he published a treatise on the law relating to horses and particularly the law of warranty, entitled The Horseman’s Manual. In the following year he helped to found the New Sporting Magazine, of which he was the editor for the next five years. To this periodical he contributed between 1832 and 1834 the papers which were afterwards collected and published in 1838 as Jorrocks’s Jaunts and Jollities. This humorous narrative of the sporting experiences of a cockney grocer, which suggested the more famous Pickwick Papers of Charles Dickens, is the work by which Surtees is chiefly remembered, though his novel Handley Cross, published in 1843, in which the character of “Jorrocks” is reintroduced as a master of fox-hounds, also enjoyed a wide popularity. The former of these two books was illustrated by “Phiz” (H. K. Browne), and the latter, as well as most of Surtees’s subsequent novels, by John Leech, whose pictures of “Jorrocks” are everywhere familiar and were the chief means of ensuring the lasting popularity of that humorous creation. In 1838, on the death of his father, Surtees, whose elder brother had died in 1831, inherited the family property of Hamsterley Hall, where he lived for the rest of his life. The later novels by Surtees included Hillingdon Hall (1845), in which “Jorrocks” again appears; Hawbuck Grange (1847); Mr Sponge’s Sporting Tour (1853); Ask Mamma (1858); Plain or Ringlets? (1860); Mr Facey Romford’s Hounds (1865). The last of these novels appeared after the author’s death, which occurred on the 16th of March 1864. In 1841 he married Elizabeth Jane, daughter of Addison Fenwick of Bishopwearmouth, by whom he had one son and two daughters, the younger of whom, Eleanor, in 1885 married John Prendergast Vereker, afterwards 5th Viscount Gort.
See R. S. Surtees, Jorrocks’s Jaunts and Jollities (London, 1869), containing a biographical memoir of the author; W. P. Frith, John Leech, His Life and Work (2 vols., London, 1891); Samuel Halkett and J. Laing, Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous Literature of Great Britain (4 vols., Edinburgh, 1882–1888).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Sus

See also Sus on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​SUS, a province of southern Morocco, once an independent kingdom, and still too unruly to be opened to Europeans, who have nevertheless for centuries past made efforts to secure a foothold. Its principal towns are Tarudant, Iligh (the old capital), and Glimin on the Wad Nun. Tarudant, the present capital, flourished in the 12th century on account of the neighbouring copper-mines. Saltpetre is now the only important product. Ports might be opened at Agadir Ighir (once occupied by the Portuguese for thirty years as Santa Cruz), Massa, Ifni, Arksis and Assaka at the mouth of the Wad Nun. As a coveted district, all kinds of natural riches are attributed to Sus, but it may be assumed that they are exaggerated. Europeans land at their peril, since the coast is by imperial order closed to trade, no custom-house being provided. Most of the business of Sus is carried on at great fairs lasting eight or fifteen days, during which time all roads of approach are guaranteed safe by the tribesmen that trade may be uninterrupted. Caravans from Sus laden with copper-ware, olive oil, butter, saffron, wax, skins, dates, dried roses, &c., are sent to Marrakesh, four days’ journey from Tarudant. Susis are well known in the north of Morocco as able tradesmen and clever metal workers. They live frugally, and are only prodigal in powder and human life. Their language is almost exclusively Shilhah, a dialect of Berber. (K. A. M.*)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tondern

See also Tønder on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​TONDERN, is town of Germany, in the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein, on the Widane, 8 m. from the North Sea at Hoyer, opposite the island of Sylt, and 42 m. by rail N.W. from Flensburg. Pop. (1900), 4244. Tondern was in early days a seaport, but since the reclamation of the marshes and the dredging of the Widane navigation has ceased, and vessels load and unload at Hoyer, with which the place has direct railway communication. The trade consists chiefly in agricultural produce and cattle, and there is an important horse market.
In the village of Galhus, lying about 4 m. N., were discovered, in 1639 and 1734 respectively, two golden horns of the Scandinavian period; these were stolen in 1802 from the Museum of Northern Antiquities in Copenhagen, where they had been treasured, and have never been recovered.
See Karstens, Die Stadt Tondern (Tondern, 1861).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tonbridge

See also Tonbridge on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​TONBRIDGE [Tunbridge] a market town in the Tonbridge or south-western parliamentary division of Kent, England, 291/2 m. S.S.E. of London by the South Eastern & Chatham railway. Pop. of urban district (1901), 12,736. It is situated on rising ground above the river Medway, which is crossed by a stone bridge erected in 1775. The church of St Peter and St Paul, chiefly Decorated and Perpendicular, with some portions of earlier date, was completely restored in 1879. There are remains of an ancient castle, consisting chiefly of a finely preserved gateway, of the Early Decorated period, flanked by two round towers. The castle was formerly defended by three moats, one of them formed by the Medway. Tonbridge School was founded by Sir Andrew Judd, lord mayor of London in the time of Edward VI., and was rebuilt in 1865, remodelled in 1880, and extended subsequently. Ornamental articles of inlaid wood, called Tonbridge ware, chiefly sold at Tunbridge Wells, are largely manufactured. There are gunpowder mills on the banks of the Medway, and wool-stapling, brewing and ​tanning are carried on. There is some traffic on the Medway, which is navigable for barges.
Tonbridge owed its early importance to the castle built by Richard, earl of Clare, in the reign of Henry I. The castle was besieged by William Rufus, was taken by John in the wars with the barons, and again by Prince Edward, son of Henry III. After being in the possession of the earls of Clare and Hertford, and of the earls of Gloucester, it became the property of the Staffords, and on the attainder of the duke of Buckingham in the reign of Henry VIII. was taken by the Crown. It was dismantled during the Civil War. The lords of the castle had the right of attending the archbishops of Canterbury on state occasions as chief butlers.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tongs

See also Tongs on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​TONGS (O. Eng. tange, M. Eng. tonge, cf. Du. tang, Ger. Zange, from base tang, to bite, cf. Gr. δάκνειν), a gripping and lifting instrument, of which there are many forms adapted to their specific use. Some are merely large pincers or nippers, but the greatest number fall into three classes: the first, as in the common fire-tongs, used for picking up pieces of coal and placing them on a fire, which have long arms terminating in small flat circular grippers and are pivoted close to the handle; the second, as in the sugar-tongs, asparagus tongs, and the like, consisting of a single band of metal bent round or of two bands joined at the head by a spring, and third, such as the blacksmith's tongs or the crucible-tongs, in which the pivot or joint is placed close to the gripping ends. A special form of tongs is that known as the “lazy-tongs,” consisting of a pair of grippers at the end of a series of levers pivoted together like scissors, the whole being closed or extended by the movement of the handles communicated to the first set of levers and thence to the grippers, the whole forming an extensible pair of tongs for gripping and lifting things at a distance.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tonk

See also Tonk (princely state) and Tank, Pakistan on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​TONK, a native state of India, in the Rajputana agency. It consists of six isolated tracts, some of which are under the Central India agency. Total area, 2553 sq. m.; total population (1901), 273,201; estimated revenue £77,000. No tribute is payable. The chief, whose title is nawab, is a Mahommedan of Afghan descent. The founder of the family was Amir Khan, the notorious Pindari leader at the beginning of the 19th century, who received the present territory on submitting to the British in 1817. The nawab Mahommed Ibrahim Ali Khan, G.C.I.E., succeeded in 1867, and was one of the few chiefs who attended both Lord Lytton's Durbar in 1877 and the Delhi Durbar of 5903 as rulers of their states.
The late minister, Sir Sahibzada Obeidullah Khan, was deputed on political duty to Peshawar during the Tirah campaign of 1897. Grain, cotton, opium and hides are the chief exports. Two of the outlying tracts of the state are served by two railways. Distress was caused by drought in 1899-1900. The town of Tonk is situated 1462 ft. above sea-level, 60 m. by road south from Jaipur, near the right bank of the river Banas. Pop. (1901), 38,759. It is surrounded by a wall, with a mud fort. It has a high school, the Walter female hospital under a lady superintendent, and a hospital for males.
There is another town in India called Tonk, or Tank, in Dera Ismail Khan district, North-West Frontier Province; pop. (1901), 4402. It is the residence of a nawab, who formerly exercised semi-independent powers. Here Sir Henry Durand, lieutenant governor of the Punjab, was killed in 1870 when passing on an elephant under a gateway.
# A Biographical Dictionary of the Celebrated Women of Every Age and Country/Semiramis

SEMIRAMIS, the most extraordinary Woman of Antiquity,
Was the wife of an officer in the army of Ninus, king of ​Assyria, who being attracted by her beauty and art, married her after the death of her husband; an action of which according to some authors, he had soon reason to repent; for she having first brought over to her interest the principal men of the state, next prevailed on the infatuated Ninus to invest her five days with the sovereign power. A decree was accordingly issued, that all the provinces should implicitly obey her during that time; which having obtained, she began the exercise of sovereignty, by putting to death the too indulgent husband who had conferred it on her, and so securing to herself the kingdom.
Other authors have denied that Ninus committed this rash, or Semiramis this execrable deed, but all agree that she succeeded him at his death, in whatever manner it happened.
Seeing herself at the head of a mighty empire, and seized with the ambition of immortalizing her memory, she proposed to do something that should far surpass all that had been done by her predecessors: in pursuance of this scheme, she built the mighty city of Babylon; which being finished in the space of one year, greatly exceeded in splendour and magnificence any thing the world had ever seen. Two millions of men are said to have been constantly employed on it, during the time it was erecting. After her death, her statue was erected in the famous temple at Hierapolis, and every day resorted to by a numerous croud of adorers, who paid her divine honours; as it was customary at that time to deify any great character, under the idea that they must have been demigods at least.
Semiramis is supposed to have lived in very different æras. Sir Isaac Newton places her about 760 years before ​Christ, some have said more than 2000, while d'Herbelot supposing her to have been the Persian queen Homai, whose story though imperfectly resembles her's, brings her down within 400 years.
She is said also to have been a great warrior and lawgiver; but by some the whole account has been considered as a fiction, though recorded by all ancient writers.
Richardson's Dissertation on Eastern Nations.
Alexander's Hist. of Women.
# A Biographical Dictionary of the Celebrated Women of Every Age and Country/Senena

SENENA, or SINA (Wife of Gryffydh, Son of Llewellyn, Prince of North-Wales).
This prince having been supplanted by his younger brother David, and treacherously confined by him, his wife, a woman of spirit and address, in concert with the Bishop of Bangor, and many of the Welch nobility, entered into a treaty with Henry III. King of England, in hopes of interesting that prince in the cause of her unfortunate husband. She conducted all the business with a tenderness and energy of spirit, which not only marked the tender wife, but the experienced politician; and notwithstanding that David was nephew to the King of England by his mother, she engaged the latter seriously in the interests of Gryffydh, who was at length delivered to the King of England by his brother. David was, however, artful enough, while he submitted to Henry, to infuse mean suspicion in the breast of that prince, who, in consequence of his suggestions, confined him in the Tower of London; where, after suffering two years imprisonment, he was killed by a ​fall, in attempting his escape, in the presence of his wife and son, who shared his confinement, 1244. This son afterwards became joint sovereign of Wales with his brother.
Warrington's Wales.
# A Biographical Dictionary of the Celebrated Women of Every Age and Country/Sforza, (Catherine and Isabella)

SFORZA (CATHERINE and ISABELLA).
The first, paternal daughter of Galeas Sforza, Duke of Milan, a heroine, who preserved her estates from those who had assassinated her husband.
Isabella was distinguished for her literary qualifications, in the sixteenth century.
F. C.
# A Biographical Dictionary of the Celebrated Women of Every Age and Country/Seguier, (Anne de)

SEGUIER (ANNE DE), a French Poetess, Wife of Duprat, Baron de Thiern,
By whom she had two daughters, educated at the court of Henry III. and famous for their learning and knowledge, as well as for that virtue which they inherited from their mother.
F. C.