OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Vicariate Apostolic of Hong-Kong

From volume 7 of the work.
The island of Hong-Kong was ceded by the Chinese Government to Great Britain in January, 1841, under some restrictions; the cession was completed by the Treaty of Nan-king of August, 1842. A prefect Apostolic under the Bishop of Macao was nominated by Gregory XVI (1846); a vicariate Apostolic was created in 1874, and intrusted (4 Oct.) to the Seminary of Foreign Missions of Milan, established in that city since 31 July, 1850 (see CHINA). The first vicar Apostolic was Giovanni Timoleone Raimondi, titular Bishop of Acanthus (22 Nov., 1874), who died at Mission House, Glenealy, Hong-Kong, 27 Sept., 1894. He was succeeded by Monsignor Luigi Piazzoli (born 1849), titular Bishop of Clazomenæ, and Domenico Pozzoni (born 1851), titular Bishop of Tavia, elected 26 May, 1905. This vicariate belongs to the fifth ecclesiastical region of China; it includes 12 European and 10 native priests and 14,195 Christians; there are 26 churches, 5 of them with resident priests; 40 schools for boys and 29 schools for girls; 12 Brothers of the Christian Schools; 35 Sisters of Canossa; 22 Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres; 54 native Sisters.
Besides the island of Hong-Kong, the vicariate includes the island of Lautau and adjacent islands and the three continental districts of Sa-non, Kwei-shing, and Haï-fung. The churches with resident priests are the cathedral (Glenealy), St. Joseph's (Garden Road), St. Francis (Wanchai), Church of the Sacred Heart (West Point), Church of St. Anthony (West Point). The Société des Missions Etrangères de Paris have a procurator, a sanitorium and a printing office at Hong-Kong (see CHINA); there is also a Dominican procurator.
Henri Cordier.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Vicariate Apostolic of Intendencia Oriental y Llanos de San Martín

From volume 8 of the work.
Vicariate Apostolic in the province of Saint Martin, Colombia, South America, created 24 March, 1908, and entrusted to the Society of Mary. In place of this vicariate there were formerly two prefectures Apostolic, one created on 23 June, 1903, and the other on 8 January, 1904, after negotiations (dating from 1902) between the Holy See and the Colombian Government for the evangelization of these vast provinces. Surrounded by the Cordilleras, and watered by the Batatas, Garagoa, Guavio, Humades, Meta, and Orinoco Rivers, the territory is still inhabited largely by the uncivilized natives, in number about 50,000, of whom scarcely 10,000 have been baptized.
U. BENIGNI
# Cicero de Senectute/Index

English translation of the Latin original, completed in 44 BC.
INDEX.
Agriculture, pleasures of, 39. Appius Claudius, old age of, 12, 27. Aristo of Chios, treatise of, on old age, 3. Attic us, Titus Pomponius, parentage of, xvi. character of, xvii. manners of, xviii. learning of, xviii. Augurs, respect of the, for old age, 49. Authority of old age, 49.
Cato, Marcus Porcius, character of, xxi. estimate of, by Livy, xxii. mode of living of, xxiii. military career of, xxiv. conduct of, as Censor, xxv. litigious habits of, xxvi. literary culture of, xxvii. the De Re Rustica of. xxvii. vigor in old age of, 14, 28. learning Greek in old age, 20. enjoying moderate festivities, 34.
Cicero, how situated when this treatise was written, viii. correspondence of, with Atticus, xix. Cincinnatus, called from the plough, 43. Corvus, Manius, old age of, 47. Cyrus the elder, last words of, 60. Cyrus the younger, horticulture of, 45.
​Death, fear of, 50. impending over the young as well as the old, 51. natural and easy in old age, 54. examples of the contempt of, 55. De Senectute, the, when written, v. referred to in Cicero's other works, vi. sources of, vii.
Ennius, quoted, 1. old age of, 11. Epicurus, as described by Cineas, 32.
Fabius Maximus, old age of, 8. Farm life, charms of, 43. suited to old age, 44. Flamininus, Lucius, flagitious conduct of, 31.
Gorgias, old age of, 11. Grain fields, beauty of, 40.
Immortality, reasons for, 56. hope of, 60. Irritability, alleged, of old age, 49. Isocrates, old age of, 11.
Laelius, Caius, character of, xxviii. writings of, xxix. Livy, character of Cato by, xxii.
Massinissa, vigorous old age of, 25. Memory, not necessarily impaired by age, 16
Occatio, derivation of, 40 n. Old age, said to creep on one insidiously, 4. alleged evils of, chargeable to character, 6. does not cut one off from the management of affairs, 12. bodily strength often unimpaired by, 20. to be actively resisted, 26. said to lack the pleasures of sense, 29. compatible with intellectual activity, 37.
​Plato, old age of, 11. argument of, for immortality, 58. Pythagoras, belief of, in immortality, 57.
Scipio Africanus Minor, military career of, xxx. conduct of, as Censor, xxxi. death of, xxxi. Sophocles, mental vigor of, in old age, 17. rejoicing in freedom from the tyranny of appetite, 36. Succidia, meaning of, 44 n.
Tali, 45 n. Tesserae, 45 n.
Vines, beauty of, 41. Viatores, derivation of, 43 n.
Xenophon, books of, commended, 45. story of Cyrus the younger, from the Oeconomicus of, 46. last words of Cyrus the elder, from the Cyropaedia of. 58.
University Press: John Wilson and Son, Cambridge.
# Cicero And The Fall Of The Roman Republic/Preface

Layout 2
MORE is known of Cicero than of any other person of the ancient world, and almost in proportion to the knowledge is the controversy of opinion concerning him. I formerly attempted a discussion of some disputed points in articles in the Quarterly Review (1879 and 1880) on the writings of Mr. Froude and Mr. Beesley. Some paragraphs from these articles are incorporated in the present volume. Here, however, my business is not to criticise but t narrate, and I have refrained even from the confutation of Drumann, with whose utterances I find myself at issue on almost every page.
In writing Roman history it is impossible to escape from the influence of the genius of Mommsen. Sometimes by suggestion, sometimes by repulsion, his presence is always felt. I have likewise more especially to acknowledge the aid which I have received from the comments of Tyrrell and Purser, of Boissier, and of Watson. As a lecturer, constantly using Mr. Watson's Letters of Cicero for my text-book, I naturally appropriate the result of his labours, and cannot always clearly distinguish how much of my material is borrowed from him.
# Cicero de Senectute

English translation of the Latin original, completed in 44 BC.
CICERO DE SENECTUTE
(ON OLD AGE).
TRANSLATED
WITH
AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES.
By ANDREW P. PEABODY.
BOSTON: LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY. 1884.
Copyright, 1884, By Andrew P. Peabody.
University Press: John Wilson and Son, Cambridge.
Synopsis Introduction CICERO DE SENECTUTE Index
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Chemical weapon use by Syrian regime – UK Government legal position

* related portals: Government of the United Kingdom.
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A short assessment of the UK legal position in regard to the legality of a military response in Syria in response to alleged use of chemical weapons use.
This is NOT an official copy and has been transcribed from a digital copy of the original at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/chemical-weapon-use-by-syrian-regime-uk-government-legal-position) Digital copy of original at Wikimedia Commons
CHEMICAL WEAPON USE BY SYRIAN REGIME - UK GOVERNMENT LEGAL POSITION
1. This note sets out the UK Government’s position regarding the legality of military action in Syria following the chemical weapons attack in Eastern Damascus on 21 August 2013.
2. The use of chemical weapons by the Syrian regime is a serious crime of international concern, as a breach of the customary international law prohibition on use of chemical weapons, and amounts to a war crime and a crime against humanity. However, the legal basis for military action would be humanitarian intervention; the aim is to relieve humanitarian suffering by deterring or disrupting the further use of chemical weapons.
3. The UK is seeking a resolution of the United Nations Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations which would condemn the use of chemical weapons by the Syrian authorities; demand that the Syrian authorities strictly observe their obligations under international law and previous Security Council resolutions, including ceasing all use of chemical weapons; and authorise member states, among other things, to take all necessary measures to protect civilians in Syria from the use of chemical weapons and prevent any future use of Syria’s stockpile of chemical weapons; and refer the situation in Syria to the International Criminal Court.
4. If action in the Security Council is blocked, the UK would still be permitted under international law to take exceptional measures in order to alleviate the scale of the overwhelming humanitarian catastrophe in Syria by deterring and disrupting the further use of chemical weapons by the Syrian regime. Such a legal basis is available, under the doctrine of humanitarian intervention, provided three conditions are met:
5. All three conditions would clearly be met in this case:
29 August 2013
# Chemical Weapons (Prohibition) Act

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Chemical Weapons (Prohibition) Act."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Chemical Weapons (Prohibition) Act 1994 (Cth.), an Australian Commonwealth Act that provides for the implementation of Chemical Weapons Convention in Australia
* Chemical Weapons (Prohibition) Act 1996 (1996 No. 37), a New Zealand Act providing for similar issues.
* Chemical Weapons (Prohibition) Act 2000 (Act 17 of 2000), a Singaporean Act providing for similar issues.

## See also

* Chemical Weapons Act 1996 (c. 6), a British Act providing for similar issues.
# Chemical Tank Lines, Inc. v. Holstine/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
393 U.S. 78
Chemical Tank Lines, Inc. v. Holstine
The motion to dismiss is granted and the appeal is dismissed for want of jurisdiction. Treating the papers whereon the appeal was taken as a petition for a writ of certiorari, certiorari is denied.
Mr. Justice BLACK dissents.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accent of feeling

Accent of feeling. This accent breathes through the whole subject an animating spirit. It is the most spontaneous, quick, and deeply inwrought product of every good performer. It gives the execution designed both by the author of the words and the writer of the music. When one hears it, he can revel in the full luxury of music ; and to thus enjoy song, one can have no hired minstrel, no crowded benches, no glare of lamps, no bustle. He must have a still, calm eye, in some quiet bower, away from the hum of cities ; with one who needs not ask or be told what string to strike - one who will cling to the merit, not the less precious that we seldom hear it, the pathetic simplicity which nature prompts - whose heart is in the strain breathed forth - carolling in its own created atmosphere of harmony. Such is a banquet at which there would be no chance "that the appetite should sicken, and so die." To such a feast one would be even selfish enough to wish no fellow-guests. One would have no voice to break the spell - to startle the spirit from its trance of enchantment - to mar with the sounds of earth the tones which bless us with dreams of heaven.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accents

Accents. This plural, in the old music, signifies verse, or song, and is derived from the Latin words canere (to sing) and cantus, (song ;) whence the derivation of accentus, the former denoting accent, the latter a musical concert, or the melody of birds.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accessory parts

Accessory parts. Accompaniments.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accentuation

Accentuation. The act of accenting ; the giving to the several notes of a composition their due emphasis, or expression ; the art of placing accents, or of pronouncing them with the voice. In vocal music, it is best, and it is a general rule, to observe that the accent conform to the words ; for without accent there can be no such thing as music.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accenter

Accenter, or ACCENTOR, in the old music, denoted the vocal or instrumental per-former who took the leading part in a duet, trio, quartet, &c. ; one of the three singers in parts, or the person who sang the predominant part in a trio ; the director, or leader, with whom the accentuation of the performance in general chiefly rested.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accelerato

Accelerato. (I.) With increased quickness.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accent of notes

Accent of notes. The bars of music are not only useful for dividing the movement into equal measures, but also for showing the notes upon which the accent is to be laid. The measures of common time are divided into four parts; of these, the first and third are accented;the second and fourth unaccented. We shall term the accented strong parts, and the unaccented weak parts, of the measure, thus : -
The measures of triple time consist of three parts; the first strong, the two others weak; although the last part is rather strong in comparison of the middle part.
In slow common time, the accents are more frequent; but they are found in the same proportion on the first, third, fifth, and seventh quavers, which are the strong parts, while the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth are the weak parts. In three crotchet time, when divided into quavers, the first, third, and fifth quavers are strong; the second, fourth, and sixth weak. In six quaver time, the first and fourth quavers are strong, and the others weak. From the nature of accent arises the necessity of beginning some movements with only part of a measure, as with a single weak part, thus:—
From the same reason arises the necessity of commencing a melody with a half measure, as,—
The following melody, barred in two different ways, produces two opposite effects, the accent falling upon different notes.
When the composer intends that the weak parts of the measure should be made of more importance than the strong parts, such deviation from the regular accent should be termed emphasis. In passages like the following, the quavers are often grouped together according to the emphasis, and not, as is general, according to the accent.
In the first two measures of this example, the quavers are grouped according to the accent; in the third, according to the emphasis, contrary to accent; and in the fourth, the accent again resumes its importance. The Germans divide accent into two principal species—grammatical and rhetorical; and the first of these we term here accent, and the last emphasis. The Italian words Rinforzando, Sforzato, or their contractions, Rinf, Rf., Sforz., Sf., are often used to mark the emphasis, and sometimes are placed over accented notes. As every species of measure may be subdivided by accents, according to the degree of quickness in which it is performed, so also the weak parts of every measure may be occasionally made emphatic at the pleasure of the composer. To this species of effect may be referred the syncopated or driving notes, which begin on the weak and end on the strong part of the measure. See the following examples:—
In this example, the emphasis is on the syncopated minims, which begin on the second and and on the third part of the measure.
In this example, the emphasis is on the syncopated crotchets, which begin on the second and sixth, or the weak, and end on the third and seventh, or the strong parts of the measure.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accented

Accented. Uttered with accent. Those notes or those parts of a bar are said to be accented on which the emphasis or expression naturally falls. In common time, of four crotchets in a bar, the accentuation will fall on the first and third crotchets of the bar ; in triple time, on the first note of the bar.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Accelerando

Accelerando. (I.) The term for accelerating the time in the middle of a piece of music ; increasing faster and yet more fast to the close.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Saint Marys (Ohio)

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SAINT MARYS, a city of Ohio, in Auglaize co. It is on the Miami and Erie Canal, St. Marys river, and on the Lake Erie and Western and the Toledo and Ohio Central railroads. It is an important industrial community, having manufactories of machinery, wool, lumber products, strawboard, paper, flour, cigars, etc. Pop. (1910) 5,732; (1920) 5,679.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Saint Marys (Pennsylvania)

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SAINT MARYS, a borough of Pennsylvania, in Elk co. It is on the Pennsylvania and the Pittsburg, Shawmut, and Northern railroads. It is in an important soft coal mining region and has deposits of natural gas and fire clay. Its chief industries are the manufacture of sewer pipes, lumber, chemicals, and electrical supplies. Large railroad shops are located here, and it is the seat of the academy of the St. Benedict Sisterhood. Pop. (1910) 6,346; (1920) 6,967.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Salem (N. J.)

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Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SALEM, a city and county-seat of Salem co., N. J. ; on Salem creek, and on the West Jersey and Seashore railroad; 32 miles S. of Philadelphia. Here are the Tyler public library, a high school, a Friends' meeting house, waterworks, electric lights, National banks, and several weekly newspapers. The city has an iron foundry, oil cloth factory, hosiery mill, a number of vegetable and fruit canneries, and several large glass plants. Pop. (1910) 6,614; (1920) 7,435.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Salzkammergut

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SALZKAMMERGUT, called the Austrian Switzerland, one of the most picturesque districts of Europe; between the Austrian province of Salzburg on the W. and Styria on the E.; area, about 250 square miles. The scenery combines in rare beauty the features of valley, mountain, and lake. The highest peak, the Dachstein, reaches an altitude of 9,830 feet. But the district derives its principal attraction from its lakes, the most famous of which are Hallstatt, Traun or Gmunden, Atter, St. Wolfgang or Aber, Mond, and Zell. It derives its name of “Salt-exchequer Property” from its salt springs and mines, which yield over 80,000 tons of salt annually. The chief seats of the salt works are Ischl, Hallstatt, and Ebensee. Little or no agriculture is carried on; the inhabitants not engaged in the salt industry are employed in cattle breeding and in the timber trade.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Salem (Mass.)

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Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SALEM, a city, port of entry, and one of the county-seats of Essex co., Mass.; on Massachusetts Bay and on the Boston and Maine railroad; 17 miles N. E. of Boston. It contains a State Normal School for Girls, court house, a reformatory, custom house, an orphan asylum, hospital, almshouse, the Peabody Academy of Science, the Essex Institute (in which are a large library and collection of relics and portraits); the East Indian Marine Society, the Salem Atheneum, Plummer Hall, the Essex Southern District Medical Society, the Essex Agricultural Society, the Marine Society, waterworks, electric lights, several National and savings banks, and the first street electric railroad laid in the United States. It has manufactories of glue, furniture, trunks, shoes, jewelry, chemicals, railroad cars, castings, white lead, lead pipe, jute, cordage, leather machinery, leather, and cotton goods. On Jan. 25, 1914, the city was partially burned by a great fire which destroyed over one-third of its most closely built portion, left 15,000 homeless, and caused a loss of $15,000,000.
It quickly recovered, and by 1920 practically all the burned section had been rebuilt. With the exception of Plymouth, Salem is the oldest settlement in New England. It is noted for its many historical interests. Its first house was erected by Roger Conant in 1626, and two years later John Endicott founded the first permanent settlement. The framework of the first church, built in 1634, is still intact. The witchcraft delusion arose here in 1692, and 19 persons were executed because of it. On Oct. 7, 1774, the Massachusetts House of Representatives with John Hancock in the chair met in Salem and declared the independence of that province. On Feb. 14, 1775, the British, in their search for war munitions, were foiled at the North Bridge and forced to withdraw; During the Revolutionary War over 150 privateers sailed from Salem and captured in all 445 English vessels. In 1785 the first vessel from the United States to India and China left this port, and for many years Salem merchants had a monopoly of trade with those countries. Salem is also noted as the birthplace of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Pop. (1910) 43,697; (1920) 42,529.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Salem (Ohio)

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Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SALEM, a city of Ohio, in Columbiana co. It is on the Pennsylvania and the Youngstown and Ohio railroads. It is the center of an important coal mining region and has manufactures of steel, engines, pumps, tools, motor boats, stoves, furniture, etc. Its notable institutions include a Carnegie library, city hospital, a home for aged women, a municipal building, and a park. Pop. (1910) 8,943; (1920) 10,305.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Salem (Oregon)

* related portals: Oregon.
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Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SALEM, a city, capital of the State of Oregon, and county-seat of Marion co.; on the Willamette river, and on the Southern Pacific, the Oregon Electric, and the Salem Falls City and Western railroads; 50 miles S. of Portland. Here are the State Capitol, the State Institution for Deaf Mutes, the State Institution for the Blind, the State Penitentiary, the State Insane Asylum, the State Reform School, Willamette University, Indian Training School, public library, public hospital, waterworks, street railroads,
electric lights, National and State banks, and daily, weekly and monthly periodicals. The city has daily steamer connection with Portland during most of the year. It has foundries, lumber mills, machine shops, and manufactories of sashes and doors, woolen goods, farm tools, and leather goods. Pop. (1910) 14,094; (1920) 17,679.