OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. William (2)

From volume 15 of the work.
Bishop of St-Brieuc, born in the parish of St. Alban, Brittany, between 1178 and 1184; died 1234 (according to some 1137); feast 29 July. Acta SS. (VII, July, 131) narrate only his virtues and miracles, and give no details of his life. From other sources quoted in the "Acta" we learn that his father's name was Oliver Pinchon and his mother's, Jane Fortin. He was elected bishop in 1220 (1225), and considered himself the father of the poor and afflicted of his diocese. He was a defender of the rights of the clergy, and incurred the displeasure of the powerful, so that he was banished. He lived for some time in the Diocese of Poitiers, assisted the sick bishop in his duties, and returned in 1230. He began the building of a cathedral, but died before its completion. He was canonized, 15 April, 1247, by Innocent IV. During the French Revolution his relics were burned.
Stadler, Heiligenlexicon; Lobineau, Les vies des saints de Bretagne, II (Paris, 1836), 426.
FRANCIS MERSHMAN
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Easter Hymn (II.)

Easter Hymn. (II.) O filii et filiæ.
Ye sons and daughters of the Lord!
The King of glory, King ador'd,
This day Himself from death restor'd.
All in the early morning grey
Went holy women on their way,
To see the tomb where Jesus lay.
​Of spices pure a precious store
In their pure hands those women bore,
To anoint the sacred Body o'er.
Then straightway one in white they see,
Who saith, "The Lord is ris'n, and He
Precedes you into Galilee."
This told they Peter, told they John,
Who forthwith to the tomb are gone,
But Peter is by John outrun.
That selfsame night, while out of fear
The doors were shut, their Lord most dear
To His Apostles did appear.
But Thomas, when of this he heard,
Was doubtful of his brethren's word;
Wherefore again there comes the Lord.
"Thomas, behold my side," saith He;
"My hands, my feet, my body see,
And doubt not, but believe in me."
When Thomas saw that wounded side,
The truth no longer he denied;
"Thou art my Lord and God!" he cried.
Oh blest are they who have not seen
Their Lord, and yet believe in him! Eternal life awaiteth them.
Now let us praise the Lord most high,
And strive His name to magnify
On this great day through earth and sky,
Whose mercy ever runneth o'er; Whom men and angel hosts adore;
To Him be glory evermore.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Faith of our Fathers

Faith of our Fathers.
Faith of our fathers! living still,
In spite of dungeon, fire, and sword;
Oh, how our hearts beat high with joy
Whene'er we hear that glorious word!
Chorus.
Faith of our fathers! holy Faith!
We will be true to thee till death.
Our fathers chain'd in prisons dark,
Were still in heart and conscience free;
How sweet would be their children's fate,
If they like them could die for thee! Faith of our Fathers! &c.
Faith of our fathers! Mary's prayers
Shall win our country back to thee,
And through the truth that comes from God,
Oh, then indeed shall we be free.
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
Faith of our Fathers! we will love
Both friend and foe in all our strife,
And preach thee too, as love knows how,
By kindly words and virtuous life.
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
Faith of our Fathers! guile and force
To do thee bitter wrong unite;
But England's saints shall fight for us,
And briug us back thy blessed light.
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of Corpus Christi

Feast of Corpus Christi.
Sing, my tongue, the Saviour's glory,
Of His flesh the mystery sing;
Of the blood, all price exceeding, Shed by our immortal king;
Destin'd, for the world's redemption,
From a noble womb to spring
​Of a pure and spotless Virgin
Born for us on earth below,
He, as man with man conversing, Stay'd the seeds of truth to sow;
Then He clos'd in solemn order
Wondrously His life of woe.
On the night of that last supper,
Seated with His chosen band.
He, the Paschal victim eating,
First fulfils the law's command.
Then, as food to all His brethren,
Gives Himself with His own hand.
Word made flesh, the bread of nature
By His word to flesh He turns,
Wine into His blood He changes: What though sense no change discerns? Only be the heart in earnest,
Faith her lesson quickly learns.
Down in adoration falling,
Lo, the sacred Host we hail;
Lo, o'er ancient forms departing, Newer rites of grace prevail;
Faith for all defects supplying, Where the feeble senses fail.
To the everlasting Father,
And the Son who reigns on high,
With the Holy Ghost proceeding
Forth from each, eternally,
Be salvation, honour, blessing,
Might, and endless majesty.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of the Ascension

Feast of the Ascension
O thou eternal King most high,
Who didst the world redeem;
And conquering death and hell, receive
A dignity supreme:
This day beheld Thee through the skies
To Thy bright throne ascend;
Thenceforth to reign in sovereign power, And glory without end.
There, seated in Thy majesty,
To Thee submissive bow
The spacious earth, the highest heaven
The depths of hell below.
With trembling there the angels see
The chang'd estate of men;
The flesh which sinn'd, by Flesh redeem'd, And Man o'er seraphs reign.
There, waiting for Thy faithful souls,
Be Thou to us, O Lord,
Our peerless joy while here we stay.
In heav'n our great reward.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of the Immaculate Conception of the B. V. Mary

23. Feast of the Immaculate Conception of the B. V. Mary. (December 8th.)
Hail, Mary, only sinless child
Of guilty Adam's fallen race;
Conceiv'd all pure and undefil'd,
Through thy dear Lord's preventing grace.
He would not have the blight of sin
A moment rest thy soul upon;
For pure without, and pure within,
Must be the Mother of His Son.
No haughty fiend might boast that he
One moment held thee in his snare,
Who of the dread Divinity
Wert destin'd for the Temple fair.
So thou wert sinless in thy birth,
And sinless after as before;
The only creature of this earth
Whom sin ne'er cast its shadow o'er.
O sweetest lily! all untorn,
Though nurs'd the thorns of earth among,
To thee we sigh, to thee we mourn,
To thee we lift our suppliant song.
From Satan's snare preserve us free,
And keep us safe from earthly stain,
That in this world we pure may be,
And in the next may see thee reign.
O sweetest lily! all untorn, Though nurs'd the thorns of earth among To thee we sigh, to thee we mourn, To thee we lift our suppliant song.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus

15. Feast of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus.
Jesu, Creator of the world,
Of all mankind Redeemer blest;
True God of God, in whom we see
The Father's image clear express'd:
Thee, Saviour, love alone constrain'd To make our mortal flesh Thine own;
And as a second Adam come,
For the first Adam to atone.
That selfsame love which made the sky,
Which made the sea, the stars, and earth,
Took pity on our misery,
And broke the bondage of our birth.
O Jesu, in Thy heart divine
May that same love for ever glow;
For ever mercy to mankind
From that exhaustless fountain flow!
For this Thy sacred heart was pierced,
And both with blood and water ran;
To cleanse us from the stains of guilt,
And be the hope and strength of man.
To God the Father and the Son,
All praise, and power, and glory be
With Thee, O holy Paraclete,
Both now and through eternity.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Evening Hymn

Evening Hymn.
O Lord of perfect purity,
Who dost the world with light adorn,
And paint the fields of azure sky
With lovely hues of eve and morn:
Upon our fainting souls distil
The grace of Thy celestial dew;
Let no fresh snare to sin beguile,
No former sin revive anew.
Keep Thou our souls from schemes of crime,
No guilt remorseful let them know;
Nor, thinking but on things of time,
Into eternal darkness go.
Teach us to knock at heav'ns high door,
Teach us the prize of life to win;
Teach us all evil to abhor,
And purify ourselves within.
Be Thou our guide, be Thou our goal,
Be Thou our pathway to the skies
Our joy when sorrow fills the soul,
In death our everlasting prize.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of the Annunciation of B. V. M.

17. Feast of the Annunciation of B. V. M.
(March 25th.)
What mortal tongue can sing thy praise,
Dear Mother of the Lord?
To angels only it belongs,
Thy glory to record.
Say, Mary, what sweet force was that
Which from the Father's breast
Drew forth His co-eternal Son,
To be thy bosom's guest?
'Twas not thy guileless faith alone
That lifted thee so high;
'Twas not thy pure seraphic love,
Or peerless chastity.
But oh! it was thy lowliness,
Well pleasing to the Lord,
That made thee worthy to become
The mother of the Word.
O loftiest, whose humility
So sweet it was to see,
That God, forgetful of Himself,
Abased Himself to thee.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Feast of the Assumption of the B. V. Mary

20. Feast of the Assumption of the B. V. Mary. (August 15.)
See, to God's high temple above
Mounts amid angel hymns of love,
The mystical ark of grace:
See aloft on victory's throne,
Blended in glory both Mother and Son,
In one eternal embrace!
All the sorrows her bosom bore,
All her pains and afflictions sore,
At length supremely repaid;—
There she reigns on the cloudless height,
Only less than the Lord of light,
In hues immortal arrayed.
​There she lives as a fount of grace,
Ever flowing for Adam's race,
And still for ever to flow;
There, while ages on ages run,
Sweetly, sweetly, she pleads with her Son
For us her children below.
Lady, than all the heavens more high,
More than seraph in purity,
A glance of pity incline! Teach us to feel, teach us to know,
Teach us in life and death to shew
What treasures of grace are thine.
# Catholic Hymns (1860)/Faith of our Fathers (for Ireland)

Faith of our Fathers. (For Ireland.)
Faith of our fathers! living still,
In spite of dungeon, fire, and sword;
Oh, Ireland's hearts beat high with joy
Whene'er we hear that glorious word.
Chorus.
Faith of our fathers! holy Faith!
We will be true to thee till death!
Our fathers chain'd in prisons dark,
Were still in heart and conscience free;
How sweet would be their children's fate,
If they like them could die for thee! Faith of our Fathers, &c.
Faith of our Fathers! Mary's prayers
Shall keep our country fast to thee;
And through the truth that comes from God,
Oh, we shall prosper and be free.
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
Faith of our Fathers! we will love
Both friend and foe in all our strife;
And preach thee too as love knows how,
By kindly words and virtuous life
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
Faith of our Fathers! guile and force
To do thee bitter wrong unite;
But Erin's saints shall fight for us,
And keep undimm'd thy blessed light.
Faith of our Fathers! &c.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Franz Isidor Proschko

From volume 12 of the work.
A well-known Austrian author, born at Hohenfurt, Bohemia, 2 April, 1816; died at Vienna, 6 February, 1891. Throughout his life he was engaged in various departments of the public service. A monument was erected on his grave [in his honour (1906).] Of his numerous writings, always characterized by a Catholic spirit, the most important are: "Leuchtkäferchen" (1849) and "Feierstunden" (1854), books for the young; "Höllenmaschine" (2 vols., 1854), "Der Jesuit" (2 vols., 1857) "Die Nadel" (2 vols., 1858), and "Pugatschew' (2 vols., 1860), historical romances; "Ausgewählte Erzählungen und Gedichte" (1873). His complete works were edited in six volumes ("Franz Isidor Proschko, Gesammelte Schriften", 1901-09) by his daughter, Hermione (born at Linz, 29 July, 1851), who is also a distinguished Catholic writer, and whose works include: "Heimatklänge" (poems, 2nd ed., 1879); "Unter Tannen und Palmen" (1880); "Aus Oesterreichs Lorbeerhain" (1891); "In Freud und Not" (1893); "Gott lenkt" (1895).
THOMAS KENNEDY.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Franz Jacob Clemens

From volume 4 of the work.
A German Catholic philosopher, b. 4 October, 1815, at Coblenz; d. 24 February, 1862, at Rome. After spending some time in an educational institutional at Metz, he entered, at the age of sixteen, the Jesuit College of Fribourg, Switzerland, attended the Gymnasium at Coblenz, and thence passed to the University of Bonn. In 1835 he matriculated at the University of Berlin, where he devoted special attention to the study of philosophy and received the doctorate in philosophy (1839). At the end of a literary journey through German and Italy, he became, in 1843, instructor in philosophy at the University of Bonn, and taught there with great success until 1856. In 1848 he was elected a member of the Frankfort Parliament, and attended, at Mainz, the first General Congress of German Catholics, at which he suggested the foundation of the St. Vincent de Paul Society in Germany. In 1856 he was appointed professor of philosophy in the Academy of Munster. So great was his popularity as a teacher at Bonn that, when he removed to Munster, he was followed by some seventy students. The attendance at his lectures in the Westphalian capital was an extraordinarily large one; but his health failed after a few years. In 1861, upon the advice of his physicians, he sought relief in a southern climate; he died at Rome in the beginning of the following year and was buried at the Gesù.
Clemens was a layman of sound Catholic principles, who ably defended the Church even on theological questions. He published his first great work, "Giordano Bruno und Nikolaus von Cusa", in 1847, at Bonn. He also wrote in defence of the Holy Coat of Trier, "Der heilige Rock zu Trier und die protestantische Kritik" (1845), against Gildemeister and von Sybel. His other principal writings were connected with two controversies in which he became involved. His book, "Die speculative Theologie A. Günthers" (Cologne, 1853), a clear demonstration of the contradiction between Catholic doctrine and the views of Günther, elicited answers from Professors Baltzer and Knoodt, to which Clemens replied. His "De Scholasticorum sententiâ, philosophiam esse theologiae ancillam, commentatio" (Münster, 1856) treated of the subordinate position which philosophy should occupy in regard to theology. It brought him into conflict with Professor Kuhn of Tübingen, against whom he published, in defence of his position: "Die Wahrheit etc." (Münster, 1860) and "Über das Verhältniss, etc." (Mainz, 1860).
Der Katholic (1862), I, 257-80; Lit. Handweiser (1862), 88-89; Stockl in Allg. deut. Biog. (Leipzig, 1876), IV, 315-17; Dublin Rev. (1862-63), LII, 417-18).
N.A. WEBER
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Franz Ignaz von Streber

From volume 14 of the work.
Numismatist and theologian, born at Reisbach, Lower Bavaria, 11 Feb., 1758; died at Munich, 26 April, 1841. In 1783 he was made court chaplain, in 1821 auxiliary bishop, in 1822 cathedral provost of Munich. In 1782 he was appointed curator of the cabinet of coins of the elector. His work was to unite the Mannheim or Palatinal collection with the Munich or Bavarian collection of the Wittelsbach line, which had been in disorder since the Thirty Years' War, and to arrange the combined collection in scientific order. On account of the disturbances caused by war he was obliged to carry off and conceal the cabinet of coins five times, each time re-arranging it anew. He wrote a history of the royal Bavarian cabinet of coins, and several treatises on Bavarian and Greek numismatics, most of which appeared in the transactions of the Academy of Munich.
STREBER, Rede zum Andenken an Ignas von Streber, read at the public session of the Academy, 28 March, 1843.
Aug. v. Loehr.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Franz Ittenbach

From volume 8 of the work.
Historical painter; born at Königswinter, at the foot of the Drachenfels, in 1852; died at Düsseldorf, 1879. He was a pupil at the age of nineteen at the Academy of Düsseldorf, receiving also private lessons from its president, Schadow. He was an exceedingly religious man, and associated with himself three of his friends and fellow-students, Karl and Andreas Müller, and Ernst Deger, and the four men travelled about in Germany, studying and painting together. He persistently declined any commissions for mythological or pagan subjects, and as a rule devoted his energies exclusively to church decoration, preceding the execution of his greatest works by devout religious exercises, including confession and communion. His finest paintings are to be found at Bonn, in the church of St. Remigius, and in Breslau in a church dedicated to the same saint. There is also a remarkable "Holy Family" dated 1861, painted for Prince Liechtenstein in his private house near Vienna, and many other works by him are in various Catholic churches in France. His only important fresco was painted in 1844 in a church at Remagen. He was a very popular painter in court circles, a member of most of the European academies, and the recipient of many medals and decorations. His colouring is correct and delicate, and yet of remarkable brilliance, and his pictures have a suave and attractive religious aspect and create a strong emotion in the minds of those who gaze at them. He painted a few portraits, but they were unimportant; his main work was in his altar-pieces.
See various numbers of the Zeitschrift für Bildende Kunsk (1879 and later years).
GEORGE CHARLES WILLIAMSON.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Franz Joseph Antony

From volume 1 of the work.
Born 1790, at Muenster, Westphalia; d. there, 1837. He received Holy Orders, and in 1819 became choirmaster at the cathedral, succeeding his father as organist, in 1832. In addition to some songs he published four choral masses, and his erudite work "Archäologisch-liturgisches Gesangbuch des Gregorianischen Kirchengesanges" (1829), and "Geschichtliche Darstellung der Entstehung und Vervollkommnung der Orgel," 1832.
KORNMÜLLER, Lex. der kirchl. Tonkunst; BAKER, Biogr. Dict. of Musicians; RIEMANN, Dict. of Music.
J. A. VÖLKER
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pope St. Telesphorus

From volume 14 of the work.
(Lived about 125-136.)
St. Telesphorus was the seventh Roman bishop in succession from the Apostles, and, according to the testimony of St. Irenæus (Adv. hæreses, III, iii, 3), suffered a glorious martyrdom. Eusebius (Hist. eccl., IV, vii, xiv) places the beginning of his pontificate in the twelfth of Hadrian's reign (128-129), his death in the first year of the reign of Antoninus Pius (138-139). These statements, however, should be compared with Lightfoot, "The Apostolic Fathers", I (London, 1899), 201 sq., section on "Early Roman Successions", and Harnack, "Geschlichte der alchristl. Literatur", pt. II, "Die Chronologie", I (Leipzing, 1879), 70 sq. In the fragment of the letter of Irenæus of Lyons to Pope Victor concerning the celebration of Easter (Euseb., "Hist. eccl.," V, xxiv), Telesphorus is mentioned as one of the Roman bishops who always celebrated Easter on Sunday, without, however, abandoning church fellowship with those communities that did not follow this custom. None of the statements in the "Liber pontificalis" and other authorities of a later date as to liturgical and other decisions of this pope are genuine. In the Roman Martyrology his feast is given under 5 January; the Greek Church celebrates it on 22 February.
J.P. KIRSCH
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pope St. Sixtus I

From volume 14 of the work.
Pope St. Sixtus I (in the oldest documents, Xystus is the spelling used for the first three popes of that name), succeeded St. Alexander and was followed by St. Telesphorus. According to the "Liberian Catalogue" of popes, he ruled the Church during the reign of Adrian "a conulatu Nigri et Aproniani usque Vero III et Ambibulo", that is, from 117 to 126. Eusebius, who in his "Chronicon" made use of a catalogue of popes different from the one he used in his "Historia ecclesiastica", states in his "Chronicon" that Sixtus I was pope from 114 to 124, while in his "History" he makes him rule from 114 to 128. All authorities agree that he reigned about ten years. He was a Roman by birth, and his father's name was Pastor. According to the "Liber Pontificalis" (ed. Duchesne, I, 128), he passed the following three ordinances: (1) that none but sacred ministers are allowed to touch the sacred vessels; (2) that bishops who have been summoned to the Holy See shall, upon their return, not be received by their diocese except on presenting Apostolic letters; (3) that after the Preface in the Mass the priest shall recite the Sanctus with the people. The "Felician Catalogue" of popes and the various martyrologies give him the title of martyr. His feast is celebrated on 6 April. He was buried in the Vatican, beside the tomb of St. Peter. His relics are said to have been transferred to Alatri in 1132, though O Jozzi ("Il corpo di S. Sisto I., papa e martire rivendicato alla basilica Vaticana", Rome, 1900) contends that they are still in the Vatican Basilica. Butler (Lives of the Saints, 6 April) states that Clement X gave some of his relics to Cardinal de Retz, who placed them in the Abbey of St. Michael in Lorraine. The Xystus who is commemorated in the Canon of the Mass is Xystus II, not Xystus I.
Acta SS., April, I, 531-4; Liber Pontificatis, ed. DUCHESNE, I (Paris, 1886), 128; MARINI, Cenni storici popolari sopra S. Sisto I, papa e martire, e suo culto in Aletri (Foligno, 1884); DE PERSIIS, Del pontificato di S. Sisto I, papa e martire, della translazione delle sue reliquie da Roma ecc., memorie (Alatri, 1884); BARMBY in Dict. Christ. Biog., s. v. Sixtus (2) I.
MICHAEL OTT
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pope St. Sixtus III

From volume 14 of the work.
(XYSTUS).
Consecrated 31 July, 432; d. 440. Previous to his accession he was prominent among the Roman clergy and in correspondence with St. Augustine. He reigned during the Nestorian and Pelagian controversies, and it was probably owing to his conciliatory disposition that he was falsely accused of leanings towards these heresies. As pope he approved the Acts of the Council of Ephesus and endeavoured to restore peace between Cyril of Alexandria and John of Antioch. In the Pelagian controversy he frustrated the attempt of Julian of Eclanum to be readmitted to communion with the Catholic Church. He defended the pope's right of supremacy over Illyricum against the local bishops and the ambitious designs of Proclus of Constantinople. At Rome he restored the Basilica of Liberius, now known as St. Mary Major, enlarged the Basilica of St. Lawrence-Without-the-Walls, and obtained precious gifts from the Emperor Valentinian III for St. Peter's and the Lateran Basilica. The work which asserts that the consul Bassus accused him of crime is a forgery. He is the author of eight letters (in P.L., L, 583 sqq.), but he did not write the works "On Riches", "On False Teachers", and "On Chastity" ("De divitiis", "De malis doctoribus", "De castitate") attributed to him. His feast is kept on 28 March.
DUCHESNE (ed.), Lib. Pont., I (Paris, 1886), 126-27, 232-37; BARMBY in Dict. Christ. Biog., s. v. Sixtus (3); GRISAR, History of Rome and the Popes, tr. CAPPADELTA, I (St. Louis, 1911), nos. 54, 135, 140, 144, 154.
N.A. WEBER
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Arialdo

From volume 1 of the work.
Martyred at Milan in 1065, for his attempt to reform the simoniacal and immoral clergy of that city. He was of noble extraction, born at Cutiacum, near Milan, and after his studies, at Laon and Paris, was made a canon in the cathedral city. For inveighing against abuses he was excommunicated by the bishop Guido, but was immediately reinstated by Pope Stephen, who bade him continue the work of reformation. He succeeded in having the bishop excommunicated because of his repeated lapses, but a riot ensued, resulting in serious injury to Arialdo. Previously an attempt had been made on his life with a poisoned sword. Later, when on his way to Rome, he was set upon by the emissaries of Guido and slain. Ten months after, his body was found in Lago Maggiore in a perfect state of preservation, and emitting a sweet odour. It was carried with great pomp to Milan, and exposed in the church of St. Ambrose from Ascension to Pentecost. It was subsequently interred in the church of St. Celsus, and in the following year, 1067, Alexander II declared him a martyr.
T.J. CAMPBELL