# Aircraft in Warfare (1916)/Contents

CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
* Aircraft as Constituting a New or Fourth "Arm."
* Primary and Secondary Functions of the Aeronautical Arm.
CHAPTER II.
* Aeroplane versus Airship or Dirigible—Speed Limitations.
* Aeroplane and Dirigible in Armed Conflict.
* Means of Attack and Defence.
CHAPTER III.
* Strategic and Tactical Uses of the Aeronautical Arm.
* The Strategic Scout and its Duties.
* Directing Artillery Fire by Aircraft.
* Aircraft as Vulnerable to Gun-fire.
* Armour and Altitude as Means of Defence.
CHAPTER IV.
* Low Altitude Flying.
* The Aeroplane in a Combatant Capacity—Armour Plate.
* The Machine Gun in the Service of the Aeronautical Arm.
* The Fighting Type of Aeroplane and its Future.
* As Affecting the Cavalry Arm.
CHAPTER V.
* The Principle of Concentration.
* The Value of Numerical Strength.
* The N-Square Law.
CHAPTER VI.
* The Principle of Concentration —Continued.
* The N-Square Law in its Application.
* Applications of the N-Square Law in Naval Warfare.
* British Naval Tactics in 1805.
* Nelson's Tactical Scheme—The N-Square Law at Trafalgar.
CHAPTER VII.
* Attack by Aeroplane on Aeroplane.
* The Fighting Machine as a Separate Type.
* The Question of Armament—Treaty Restrictions.
* Importance of Rapid Fire—Machine Guns Multiply Mounted.
CHAPTER VIII.
* Rapidity of Fire and its Measure.
* Armour in its Relation to Armament.
* Importance of Upper "Gage"—Attack from Above
* Armour and Shield Protection.
CHAPTER IX.
* Gun-fire Ballistics—The Energy Account.
* Expanding and Explosive Bullets.
* Theory of the Expanding Bullet.
* The Light-weight Shell.
CHAPTER X.
* Miscellaneous Weapons and Means of Offence.
* The Bomb and the Hand Grenade.
* Bomb Dropping, Difficulties of Aiming.
* Rockets, Air-borne Torpedoes, etc.
* Supremacy of the Gun against Aircraft.
CHAPTER XI.
* Aircraft in the Service of the Navy—Naval Reconnaissance.
* Mother-ship or Floating Base.
* Armament of the Naval Aeroplane—the Employment of Bombs.
* Torpedo Attack by Air.
* Aeroplane and Submarine—Attack by Bomb.
CHAPTER XII.
* Aircraft in the Service of the Navy —Continued.
* The Naval Air-scout.
* The Flying-Boat Type—The Double Float Type.
* The Ocean-going Floating Base or Pontoon-ship.
CHAPTER XIII.
* The Command of the Air.
* Air Power as Affecting Combined Tactics.
* Defeat in the Air an Irreparable Disaster.
* Employment of Aircraft in Large Bodies—Air Tactics.
CHAPTER XIV.
* An Independent Combatant Air Fleet and its Duties.
* Tactical Importance of Altitude.
* Formation Flying—Airmanship and Signalling.
* The " V " Formation and its Value.
* Aircraft Bases at High Altitude.
CHAPTER XV.
* The Command of the Air and its Limitations.
* Belligerent Aircraft and the Rights and Obligations of Neutrals.
* Other International Questions Relating to Aircraft.
* Aircraft in Neutral Territory.
CHAPTER XVI.
* Present Day Position—The Fourth Arm in Peace Time.
* The Flight Ground Question—Depreciation and Obsolescence.
* British Ascendancy in the Air.
* Causes which have Contributed to British Ascendancy.
* The Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.
* The Royal Aircraft Factory.
CHAPTER XVII.
* The Maintenance of British Supremacy.
* Government versus Private Manufacture.
* Continuity of Policy—A Scheme of Control.
* A Board of Aeronautics Advocated.
CHAPTER XVIII.
* Retrospect—The Scope and Limitations of the Work.
* Supplementary Notes on the N-Square Law.
* Air Raids and the Value of Numbers.
* A Further Note on Aircraft and Submarine.
* The Strategic Employment of Aircraft on a Large Scale.
CHAPTER XIX.
* Air Raids—Some Questions of National Defence.
* Power of Aggression as Affected by Radius of Action.
* Air Raids as Affecting the Naval Outlook.
* Aeronautical and Naval Defence Indissolubly Associated.
* Future of Air Power: Essentially a National Question.
* Categorical Statement of Recommendations for Future Policy.
LIST OF PLATES.
* PLATEPAGE
* Frontispiece.
* I.R.A.F. Type B.E.2. As flown at the International Competition in August, 1912------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
* II.Field Tent for Aeroplane; Back View------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
* III.R.A.F. Type B.E.2c. Fitted with R.A.F. (British Built) Engine------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20
* IV.Skeleton of Type B.E.2. Showing position of Tank, Seats, Engine, and Body structure------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28
* V.Test of "Bullet-Proof" Steel Plate, 3 m.m. thick------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36
* VI.R.A.F. Type F.E.2. Designed to carry gun weight 300 lbs.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------68
* VII.R.A.F. Type R.E.5. An " R.E. Portable " Tent Pole used as Derrick for dismounting Engine------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------76
* VIII."Flying Boat " Type. Built by Messrs. White and Thompson------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------108
* IX.Hydro-Aeroplane H.R.E.3. R.A.F. Design for the "Naval Wing" in 1912------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------108
* X.Floats 1912 Type, as fitted to H.R.E.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------116
* XI.R.A.F. Type R.E.I. (1912) Folded for Transport or Storage------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------124
* XII.An Example of Rough Usage. The Sopwith "Scout," a very fast single seater------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------158
* XIII.R.A.F. Type S.E.4. Single Seat Reconnaissance Machine------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------160
* XIV.Early (Experimental) Model of B.E.2c. Calculated and Demonstrated as inherently Stable by the late Mr. E. T. Busk------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------164
ERRATUM.
P. 179, line 2 from top, for "our" read " an."