OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Clara H. Hazelrigg

​HAZELRIGG, Mrs. Clara H., author, educator and reformer, born in Council Grove. Kans., 23rd November, 1861. CLARA H. HAZELRIGG. She is the youngest living daughter of Col. H. J. Espy. Her mother was Melora E. Cook, teacher in the schools of Sandusky, Ohio. Her father was apprenticed to learn a trade, but ran away at the age of thirteen to become a soldier For more than ten years he was a member of the standing army of the United States. He served with distinction in the Mexican war and was Colonel of the 68th Indiana Volunteers during the Civil War. Wounded several times, carried off the field of Chickamauga for dead, his injuries caused his death shortly after the close of the war. and his four children were left orphans, their mother having died several years before his decease. With an only sister, Clara returned to Indiana, where she had resided during the war. and remained there until after her marriage. At the time of her birth Kansas was undergoing her early struggles for freedom, and the spirit of the times stamped itself on the mind of the child. From the age of eleven she supported herself. Fitting herself for teaching, she began to teach when a young girl, and that occupation she has followed almost without cessation for sixteen years. When twelve years old, she wrote for the press, but, being of a sensitive, retiring disposition, she shrank from public criticism and seldom wrote over her own name. In 1877 she became the wife of W. A. Hazelrigg, of Greensburg, Ind. They have one child, a girl. They removed to Kansas in 1884, and Mrs. Hazelrigg has taught every year since. She is principal of one of the city schools in El Dorado. She has traveled much during her vacations, and writes constantly during the entire year for the press. She has written for many prominent periodicals in various States. She is the editor of a department in a prominent Chicago paper, and is a regular contributor to the Topeka "Lancet." She has labored in the silver-medal work for the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and in the public work of the Woman's Relief Corps An active member of the Christian ​Church since childhood, her work has always been with young people, with whom she is very popular.
# Woman of the Century/Clara L. Brown Dyer

​CLARA L. BROWN DYER. DYER. Mrs. Clara I. Brown, artist, born in Cape Elizabeth, Maine. 13th March, 1849. Her father was a popular sea captain. On many of his voyages he was accompanied by his daughter, then only a child. From her mother's family she inherited artistic talent. Several of her uncles were wood-carvers and excelled in decorative work. In December, 1870, she became the wife of Charles A. Dyer, then a successful business man of Portland, Maine, now engaged in gold-mining in California. Her family consisted of a son in and a daughter. The son survives, but the daughter died in childhood. Mrs. Dyer turned her attention to art and became very much interested, and her talent, so many years hidden, came to light. She soon became the most enthusiastic and persevering of students. She took a thorough course in an art school, under able instructors, drawing from the antique and from life. She has paid considerable attention to portrait painting. In landscape painting she is seen at her best. She has made many fine sketches of the scenery about Cisco Hay. and she his added to her collection some excellent sketches of mountain and inland scenery. Some of her studies have been exhibited in Boston, Portland and other cities. and have been highly spoken of by critics, as well as the general public.
# Woman of the Century/Clara Louise Burnham

​BURNHAM, Mrs. Clara Louise, novelist, born in Newton, Mass., 25th May, 1854. She is CLARA LOUSE BURNHAM. the oldest daughter of Dr. George F. Root, the eminent musical composer. Her father, becoming the senior partner ol the Chicago firm of Root & Cady. removed with his family to that city when Mrs. Burnham was very young, and Chicago has been her home ever since. A return for several summers to the old homestead in North Reading, Mass., together with the memory of the first years of her life, gave the child an acquaintance with New England dialect and character of which she was to make use later. As a girl her time was given chiefly to music. Her marriage took place while she was still very young. Shortly after her marriage a brother, who enjoyed her letters, urged her to write a story. The idea was entirely novel and not agreeable to the young woman, but the brother persisted for many months, and at last, in a spirit of impatience and in order to show him his absurdity, the work was undertaken. To Mrs. Bumham's surprise her scornful attitude soon changed to one of keen interest. She wrote two novelettes and paid to have them Criticised by the reader of a publishing house, her identity being unknown. The verdict was unfavorable, the reader going so far as to say that, if the author were of middle age, she would better abandon all hope of success as a writer. Mrs. Burnham was not "of middle age," and she w as as reluctant to lay down her pen as she .had been to take it up. Recalling her life-long facility for rhyming, she wrote some poems for children, which were accepted and published by " Wide Awake," and that success fixed her determination. She wrote "No Gentlemen" (Chicago, 1881) and offered it to a Chicago publisher. He examined it, said it would bean unsafe first book, and advised her to go home and write another. The author's father, who until that time had not regarded her work seriously, liked "No Gentlemen" and believed in it. Through his interest the book immediately found a publisher, and its success was instantaneous. Other books followed, "A Sane Lunatic" (Chicago, 1S82), "Dearly Bought" (Chicago, 1884), "Next Door" (Boston, 1886) "Young Maids and Old" (Boston, 1888), "The Mistress of Beech Knoll" (Boston, 1890). and "Miss Bagg's Secretary" (Boston. 1892). Besides her novels, Mrs. Burnham has written the text for several of Dr. Root's most successful cantatas, and contributed many poems and stories to "Youth's Companion," "St. Nicholas" and "Wide Awake." She resides with her father, and the windows of the room where she works command a wide view of Like Michigan, whose breezy blue waters serve her for refreshment, not inspiration. She does not believe in the latter for herself. She has a strong love for the profession thrust upon her, and sits down at her desk as regularly as the carpenter goes to his bench. Mrs. Burnham is a cultured pianist. She has no family.
# Woman of the Century/Clara Erskine Clement Waters

​WATERS, Mrs. Clara Erskine Clement, author, born in St. Louis, Mo., 28th August, 1834. She is the daughter of John Frskine. Her first attempt at writing was made in a description of travel in 1868, and was called "A Simple Story of the Orient." It was printed for private circulation only. Mrs. Clement Waters has traveled extensively, and mostly from her own note books compiled "Legendary and Mythological Art" (Boston, 1870). That was followed by "Painters, Sculptors, Architects, ​Engravers and Their Works" (1873). These books were written while she was an invalid, and hut for the voluminous notes that she had made, could not have been done at that time. Subsequently, with Lawrence Hutton, she prepared "Artists of the Nineteenth Century" (1879). Her other works are: "A History of Egypt" (1880); "Eleanor Maitland," a novel, (1881); "Life of Charlotte Cushman" (1882); "Painting for Beginners and Students" (New York, 1883); "Sculpture for Beginners and Students" (1885), and "Architecture," belonging to same series, (1886); "Christian Symbols and Stories of the Saints," prepared for Roman Catholics, edited by Katherine E. Conway and dedicated by permission to the Very Reverend Archbishop Williams (Boston. 1886), and "Stories of Art and Artists" (1887). She has also written occasionally for magazines and newspapers; has translated " Dosia's Daughter," by Henry' Greville, and the "English Conferences" by Renan. For the benefit of various charities, societies and clubs, she has given lectures upon "Women Artists," "The History and Symbolism of the Cross," "Travel in the Holy Land," "Parsifal." "The Passion Play at Ober Ammergau" and " Dravidian Architecture." In 1852 Miss Erskine became the wife of James Hazen Clement, who died, leaving four sons and one daughter. Her second husband is Edwin Forbes Waters, for many years publisher of the Boston "Advertiser," with whom, in 1883-84, she visited Japan, China and India for the first time, and, after an interval of eighteen years, made for the second time the journey across the Holy Land and ascended the Great Pyramid. She has lived twice in Italy for lengthy periods, and has visited all the countries of Europe, except Russia, again and again. Her home for many years has been in Boston, and is well known for its generous hospitality to friends and acquaintances from near and far.
# Woman of the Century/Clara Louise Kellogg

​CLARA LOUISE KELLOGG. KELLOGG, Clara Louise, operatic singer, born in Sumterville, S. C., 12th July, 1842. She is a daughter of the well-known inventor, George Kellogg. Her childhood was spent in Birmingham, Conn. She received a good education and showed her musical talents at an early age. At the age of nine months she could hum a tune correctly, and the quickness and accuracy of her ear astonished the musicians. Her mother, a clairvoyant doctor, was a fine musician, and Clara, the only child, inherited her talents. In 1856 the family removed to New York City, where Clara began her musical studies in earnest, with a view to a professional career. She studied both the French and Italian methods of singing. In 1860 she made her debut in the Academy of Music, New York, as Gildain "Rigoletto," winning a modest triumph. In 1864 she won the public by her Marguerite in Gounod's "Faust," which has stood as the greatest impersonation of that role ever seen on the stage. After brilliant successes in this country, Miss Kellogg went to London, Eng., and appeared in Her Majesty's Theater. Her Marguerite there placed her on the topmost crest of the popular wave. She sang in the Handel Festival in the Crystal Palace in the same year. In 1868 she returned to the United States and made a concert-tour with Max Strakosch. In 1869 she again sang in Italian opera in New York City, appearing for three consecutive seasons, and always drawing crowded houses. She then organized an opera company to sing, in English. The organization was a success during 1874 and 1875. In one winter Miss Kellogg sang one-hundred-twenty-five nights. In 1876 she organized an Italian opera company, and appeared as Aida and Carmen. After the dissolution of that company she left the operatic stage and sang in concert throughout the country for several years In 1880 she accepted an operatic engagement in Austria, where she sang in Italian with a company of German singers. She extended her tour to Russia and sang in St Petersburg. Her list of grand operas includes forty-five. She is most closely identified with "Faust," "Crispino," "Traviata," "Aida" and "Carmen." Her voice in youth was a high soprano, with a range from C to E flat With age it lost some of the highest notes, but gained greatly in power and richness. She was the first American artist to win recognition in Europe. She has amassed a large fortune. Her latest appearance was on a concert-tour in 1889. She became the wife of Carl Strakosch several years ago and is now living in retirement.
# Woman of the Century/Clara H. Mountcastle

​MOUNTCASTLE, Miss Clara H., artist, author and elocutionist, born in the town of Clinton, CLARA H. MOUNTCASTLE. Province of Ontario, Canada. 26th November, 1837, where she has passed her busy life. Her parents were English born, of mixed Scotch and Irish descent. Her early years were passed on her father's ​farm where she cultivated the acquaintance of nature in all her moods, early evincing a taste for poetry and painting that the hardships incident to a home of limited means could not subdue. Later she studied painting in Toronto. She has taken prizes in all the provincial exhibitions and is very proficient in pencil drawing. As a teacher she is very successful. In 1882 a Toronto firm published "The Mission of Love," a volume of poems by Miss Mountcastle, which has been very favorably received. She then wrote "A Mystery," a novelette, which was purchased and published by the same firm. It had a good sale. Her style is clear, chaste and forcible. Miss Mountcastle was recently elected an honorary member of the Trinity Historical Society, Dallas, Texas. Her first important painting, "Spoils of the Sable," was exhibited in the Royal Canadian Academy, and it brought her instant recognition. Other fine pictures have extended her reputation. Her poems and prose works have been very popular throughout Canada and in the United States. Her platform work has included the rendition of her own essays and poems. She is a forcible and dramatic reader, a versatile author, and an artist of strong, varied powers.
# Wyman v. James/Concurrence White

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinion White
* Dissenting Opinion Douglas
United States Supreme Court
400 U.S. 309
Wyman v. James
Argued: Oct. 20, 1970. --- Decided: Jan 12, 1971
Mr. Justice WHITE concurs in the judgment and joins the opinion of the Court with the exception of Part IV thereof.
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS, dissenting.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Wyman v. Rothstein/Dissent Black

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Black
United States Supreme Court
398 U.S. 275
Wyman v. Rothstein
Argued: April 27, 28, 1970. --- Decided: June 1, 1970
Mr. Justice BLACK, with whom THE CHIEF JUSTICE joins, dissenting.
When this action was commenced by appellees, the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare was in the process of determining if the New York welfare provisions under attack in this case are consistent with the federal standard requiring uniform statewide application of state welfare plans. See Social Security Act § 402, as amended, 81 Stat. 877 et seq., 42 U.S.C. § 602 (1964 ed., Supp. IV); 45 CFR § 233.20. Although the federal agency has not yet made a final decision, it appears from the brief submitted by the United States as amicus curiae that HEW has made a preliminary determination that the New York provisions do not conform to the Social Security Act's requirements. Accordingly, the statutory claim which this Court today remands to the District Court for its consideration involves a live controversy 397, 430, 90 S.Ct. 1207, 1227, 25 L.Ed.2d 442 (1970), it is my belief that such controversies should be resolved in proceedings between the two governments involved, as provided in the Social Security Act. See, e.g., 42 U.S.C. §§ 602, 1316 (1964 ed., Supp. IV). For this reason, I would vacate the judgment of the District Court and remand with directions that the complaint be dismissed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Wyman v. Rothstein/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Black
United States Supreme Court
398 U.S. 275
Wyman v. Rothstein
Argued: April 27, 28, 1970. --- Decided: June 1, 1970
Appellees commenced this action in the federal District Court for the Southern District of New York challenging on equal protection and statutory grounds § 131-a of the New York Social Services Law, McKinney's Consol.Laws, c. 55, which provides for payments to welfare recipients in Nassau, Suffolk, and certain other New York State counties in lesser amounts than provided for residents of New York City should the Welfare Administrator determine that adequate cause exists for the differential. A three-judge court was convened and it found that appellees' likelihood of success on their constitutional claim warranted the issuance of a preliminary injunction against what it found to be the payment of welfare in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The court found it unnecessary to consider appellees' statutory claims. We noted probable jurisdiction. 397 U.S. 903, 90 S.Ct. 910, 25 L.Ed.2d 85.
Subsequent to the decision of the District Court this Court rendered its decision in Rosado v. Wyman, 397 U.S. 397, 90 S.Ct. 1207, 25 L.Ed.2d 442 (1970), wherein we held that a federal court called upon to pass upon the constitutional validity of a State's welfare program should, before reaching the constitutional issues, consider first any pendent statutory claims that are presented, notwithstanding the pendency of negotiations between the State and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
In light of the foregoing, the judgment of the District Court is vacated and the case is remanded to that court for an opportunity to pass on the propriety of granting interim relief in accordance with conventional equitable principles on the basis of appellees' statutory claims, or, if the question is reached, continuing the present injunction in light of this Court's decision in Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491.
It is so ordered.
Vacated and remanded.
Mr. Justice MARSHALL took no part in the decision of this case.
Mr. Justice BLACK, with whom THE CHIEF JUSTICE joins, dissenting.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Wyman v. United States (109 U.S. 654)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
109 U.S. 654
Wyman v. United States
Asst. Atty. Gen. Maury, for plaintiff in error.
A. L. Merriman and J. Walter Cooksey, for defendant in error.
GRAY, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Wyman v. Rothstein

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Black
United States Supreme Court
398 U.S. 275
Wyman v. Rothstein
Argued: April 27, 28, 1970. --- Decided: June 1, 1970
Philip Weinberg, New York City, for appellants.
Edward V. Sparer, Philadelphia, Pa., for appellees.
Peter L. Strauss, Washington, D.C., for United States, amicus curiae, by special leave of Court.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Wyman v. United States

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Wyman v. United States."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Wyman v. United States (109 U.S. 654)
* Wyman v. United States (263 U.S. 14)
# Zoological Illustrations/VolI-Pl48

MITRA casta.
Chesnut-banded Mitre.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 23.
Specific Character.
    Mitra (Div. 3.) testâ albâ, lævi, olivæformi, spirâ aperturâ breviore, anfractibus supra tenuiter reticulatis, basi epidermide castaneam fasciam formante, in anfractu basali centralem et latam.
    Shell white, smooth, olive-formed, spire shorter than the aperture, the volutions finely reticulated above, the lower half with the epidermis forming a chesnut band which is central and broad on the basal whorl.
    Voluta casta. Chemnitz 10, p. 138, vig. 20 C D.—figura mala.
    Martyn Univ. Conch. i. tab. 20.
    Dillwyn Catalogue, vol. i. p. 554, no. 127.
All the writers I have been able to consult, uniformly describe this species as having a coloured band on the white ground of the shell. In the Banksian cabinet are two fine specimens, and which have enabled me to ascertain that this brown band is nothing more than an epidermis, or external coating, with which the shell is only partially covered—a circumstance of very rare occurrence; and which, being removed, proves the real colour of the shell to be of a uniform polished white. This, together with its excessive rarity, and the opportunity of giving original figures, has induced me to include it in this work, although it exists both in those of Martini and Martyn above quoted. I have neither seen nor heard of specimens being in any other collection, besides the two above noticed; and which no doubt were collected by their late lamented possessor on some of the South Sea islands. A striking affinity exists between this and M. zonata figured at the third plate of this work.
MITRA olivæformis.
Olive-shaped Mitre.
    M. testâ olivæformi, glabrâ, nitidâ, spirâ brevissimâ, longitudinaliter rugatâ, striâ centrali transversâ; columella 4-plicata.
    M. Shell olive-shaped, smooth, polished, spire very short, longitudinally wrinkled, with a central transverse stria, pillar four-plaited.
I introduce the description of this diminutive and undescribed shell from its affinity with the last, and as forming a most interesting transition from the Mitres to the Olives: agreeing with the former in the structure of the pillar and the sculptured spire, and with the latter in its general form and prima facie appearance. Its perfect resemblance, in fact, to a small olive, may have occasioned its being hitherto overlooked. The spire is slightly wrinkled and striated; the teeth on the pillar very near each other, slender, and four in number. The colour pale yellowish; the mouth darker, and the tip and base purple. The whole shell is scarcely half an inch long.
It was received from the South Seas.