OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cornish, William Robert

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​CORNISH, WILLIAM ROBERT (1828–1897)
Educated at St. George's Hospital : entered the Madras Army as Assistant Surgeon, 1854 : Secretary to the Director-General, Medical Department, 1860–70 : Sanitary Commissioner to Madras Government, 1870–80 : did good service during the famine of 1877 : C.I.E. : Surgeon-General in 1880 : retired, 1885 : Member of the Legislative Council, Madras, 1883 : Fellow of the Madras University, 1867 : wrote on medical subjects : died Oct. 19, 1897 : F.R.C.S.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cornwallis, Sir William

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​CORNWALLIS, SIR WILLIAM (1744–1819)
Son of Charles, first Earl Cornwallis : entered the Navy, 1755 : engaged constantly during his service, in N. America, the Mediterranean, W. Indies, etc., until, in 1789, he went out to India as naval C. in C. : in 1791, when there was war against Tippoo, he insisted on searching French ships for contraband of war, and, when war against France broke out, he seized French ships, Chandernagore and Pondicherry: returned to England, 1794, and saw further service in the Channel and the W. Indies : G.C.B. : died July 5. 1819.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Abstract of the Newsmen's Scale

ABSTRACT OF THE NEWSMEN'S SCALE, Extracted from the "Report," read July 20th, 1820.
| | Per week. | Per galley. | Per hour. |
| Morning Paper | £2 8s. 0d | 3s. 10d | 11½d. |
| Evening Papers | £2 3s. 6d | 3s. 7d | 10½d. |
Assistants on other Journals are paid the same as Evening Papers; the Sunday Papers, having their gallies of various lengths, are paid at the rate of 8½d. per thousand, or 10d. per hour.
Long Primer and Minion galleys, cast as nigh 5,000 letters as possible (at present varying from that number to 5,200, partly arising from a variation in the founders' standards) are, per thousand, on
| | Morning. | Evening. |
| Long Primer and Minion | 9d | 8½d. |
| Nonpareil | 10d | 9½d. |
| Pearl | 11d | 10½d. |
Or a reduction, in proportion to value, on the galley quantity.
The galley on Morning Papers consists of 120 lines Long Primer, and 40 after lines—Minion 88, and 30 after lines, on Papers 22 ems Long Primer wide; other widths in proportion; and a finish of five hours. Another mode is, one gailey, and a finish of six hours. Twelve hours on and twelve off (including refreshment time), was the original agreement.
The time of beginning to be the same uniformly as agreed upon by the Printer and Companionship—i.e. either a two, three, or four o'clock Paper—and at whatever hour the Journal goes to press one morning, regulates the hour of commencing work for the next day's publication, provided it should be over the hour originally agreed upon—if under, the time is in the Compositors' favour. The hour of commencing work on Sunday is regulated by the time of finishing on Saturday morning.
Ten hours' composition is the specified time for Evening ​Papers.—All composition to cease when the day's publication goes to press; any work required afterwards to be paid for extra, or deducted from the first work of the next publication.—This does not apply to Second Editions; they being connected solely with the antecedent Paper, must be paid for extra.
Newspapers in a foreign language take, of course, the same advance as is allowed on Book-work.
A system termed Finishing having been formerly introduced, it is necessary to state, that no mode of working can be considered fair (except as before stated) otherwise than by the galley or hour.
No Apprentices to be employed on Daily Papers.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Greek upper case

GREEK UPPER CASE.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Common lower case

COMMON LOWER CASE.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Greek lower case

GREEK LOWER CASE.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Addenda

ADDENDA.
Abstracted from the Scale of London Prices, recently issued by The London Union of Compositors.
Head Lines in a smaller type than body of work, should be charged 1s. per sheet; and if any justification of figures, an extra allowance for the trouble.
Diamond is paid 10d. per thousand, close or leaded.
Works in the Irish, or German characters, should be paid for as Greek without accents.
Saxon works to be paid the same as Greek without accents.
Appeal Cases are cast up at 8d. per thousand. If with broad quotation side notes, 3s. per sheet is charged; if with double narrow side notes, 5s. per sheet; but where the notes are unusually heavy, they are paid according to their value.
BILLS IN PARLIAMENT.
English, 26 ems wide by 47 ems long.
Without side notes, 6s.—With broad quotation side notes, 9s:—With double narrow ditto, 10s.
Pica, 29 ems wide by 53 ems long.
Without side notes,7s.—With broad quotation side notes, 10s.—With double narrow ditto, 11s.
The following Regulations are solely applicable to Parliamentary Work.
All work for either House of Parliament, leaded or otherwise, to be cast up at 6½d. per thousand, from English to Brevier, inclusive; and always to be cast up according to the type in which it is composed.—Tables to be charged 1s. 1d. per thousand.—Works not intended for either House of Parliament, but for the Public Departments, to be paid according to the Scale for Book-work, with all the extras.—Private Parliamentary Bills, 7d. per thousand; table matter, 1s. 2d.—All Reports, Minutes of Evidence, Accounts, Appendices, &c. to be cast up according to the type in which they are composed.—Pages of two or three columns, with one or more headings, or three cols. without headings, to be charged tabular.—Pages, consisting of four or more cols., with one or more headings, or five cols. without headings, to be charged table, or double common matter.—A table, or part of one, in the body of a Report, &c. to be charged the depth of the table, from the head to the conclusion. Same rule to apply to tabular.—Pages with 4 or 5 blank cols. 1s per sheet.—All read-over pages, as in Dr. and Cr. accounts of two pages, where one page only is tabular, or table, the same charge to be made for both pages.—Side notes of broad quotations, not exceeding five lines per page, in quartos and folios, 1s. 6d. per sheet; double narrows, not exceeding five lines per page, 2s. per sheet, throughout any Parliamentary Report, Appendix, &c. excepting when pages, comprising the whole width of the page, including the space for side notes, shall occur; all above to be paid according to value. Double side notes to be paid double the above sum. But Reports, Appendices, Minutes of Evidence, &c. are to be cast up separately, and the extras belonging to them to be charged.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Celestial and Astronomical Signs

CELESTIAL AND ASTRONOMICAL SIGNS
The Twelve Signs of the Zodiac.
| ♈︎ | Aries |
| ♉︎ | Taurus |
| ♊︎ | Gemini |
| ♋︎ | Cancer |
| ♌︎ | Leo |
| ♍︎ | Virgo |
| ♎︎ | Libra |
| ♏︎ | Scorpio |
| ♐︎ | Sagittarius |
| ♑︎ | Capricorn |
| ♒︎ | Aquarius |
| ♓︎ | Pisces |
The Nine Planets.
| ♄ | | Saturn |
| ♃ | | Jupiter |
| ♂ | | Mars |
| 🜨 | | Earth |
| ♀ | | Venus |
| ☿ | | Mercurius |
| ♅ | $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ | Georgium Sidus |
| ⚳ | | Ceres |
| ⚴ | | Pallas |
| ⚵ | | Juno |
| ⚶ | | Vesta |
| ☉ | | Sun |
| 🌕︎ | | Moon |
Seven of the Planets sometimes imply the seven days of the week.
* Dies Solis, Sunday
* Dies Lunæ, Monday
* Dies Martis, Tuesday
* Dies Mercurii, Wednesday
* Dies Jovis, Thursday
* Dies Veneris, Friday
* Dies Saturni, Saturday
☋ The Dragon's Tail, or descending node, are the two points in which the eclipses happen.
The Aspects.
☌ Conjunctio; happens when two planets stand under each other in the same sign and degree.
☍ Oppositio; happens when two planets stand diametrically opposite each other.
△ Trigonus; happens when one planet stands from another four signs, or 120 degrees; which make one-third part of the ecliptic.
□ Quadril; happens when two planets stand three signs from each other, which make 90 degrees, or the fourth-part of the ecliptic.
⚹ Sextil; is the sixth part of the ecliptic, which is two signs, and make 60 degrees.
🌕︎ New Moon
☽︎ First quarter of the Moon
🌑︎ Full Moon.
☾ Last quarter.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Common upper case

COMMON UPPER CASE.
# Cowie's Printer's Pocket-Book and Manual/Hebrew lower case

HEBREW LOWER CASE.
Note.—The boxes on the left hand side of this case contain spaces and quadrats for justifying the points.
# Desperate Remedies (Hardy)/Part 6
## VI. THE EVENTS OF TWELVE HOURS

    1. AUGUST THE NINTH. ONE TO TWO O'CLOCK A.M.
    2. TWO TO FIVE A.M.
    3. HALF-PAST SEVEN TO TEN O'CLOCK A.M.
    4. TEN TO TWELVE O'CLOCK A.M.
# Desperate Remedies (Hardy)/Part 7
## VII. THE EVENTS OF EIGHTEEN DAYS

    1. AUGUST THE SEVENTEENTH
    2. AUGUST THE TWENTIETH
    3. AUGUST THE TWENTY-FIFTH
    4. FROM AUGUST THE TWENTY-SIXTH TO SEPTEMBER THE FIRST
    5. SEPTEMBER THE THIRD
# Desperate Remedies (Hardy)/Part 5
## V. THE EVENTS OF ONE DAY

    1. AUGUST THE EIGHTH. MORNING AND AFTERNOON
    2. EVENING
    3. MIDNIGHT
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chesnaye, George Cochet

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​CHESNAYE, GEORGE COCHET (1837–1904)
Born Sep. 1837 : entered the Bengal Medical Service, 1859 : Deputy Surgeon-General, 1889 : did excellent service at Mian Mir and Umritsar in the cholera epidemic of 1861 : in the Hazara Field Force, 1868 : Black Mountain expedition : Lushai expedition, 1871–2 : Afghan war, 1878–80 : from Ali Masjid to Gandamak, 1878, to Kabul 1879 : in the Kabul-Kandahar march : in the battle of Mazra, near Kandahar : in the expedition against the Marris : Deputy Surgeon - General, Lahore, 1889–94 : when he retired : died April 12, 1904.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chitnavis, Gungadhar Madho

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​CHITNAVIS, GUNGADHAR MADHO (1863–)
Born 1863 : Hony. Magistrate : President of the Nagpur District Council since ​1888 : and of the Nagpur Municipality since 1894 : represented the Central Provinces as Member of the Governor-General's Legislative Council, 1893–5 : leader of the Prabhu community : guest of the nation, representing the Central Provinces, at H.M. the King's Coronation, 1902 : C.I.E., 1895.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Christie, John

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​CHRISTIE, JOHN (1805–1869)
Entered the Indian Army, 1822, and the 3rd Light Cavalry, 1823 : at the capture of Bhartpur, 1826 : was selected by the C.in C., Sir Henry Fane, to raise, for Shah Shuja's force, the 1st Irregular Cavalry, later known as Christie's Horse, which he commanded to the end of the first Afghan war, 1839–42 : was at the occupation of Kandahar and pursuit of the Sirdars to the Helmund under Sir Robert Sale : at Ghazni, and Kabul in 1839 : accompanied Outram in pursuit of the Amir Dost Muhammad across the Hindu Kush : in the Kandahar Division under Sir W. Nott in 1842 : at the occupation of Ghazni and Kabul, the taking of Istalif, and the final march through the Khyber to India : was at the battle of Punniar, 1843 : in the Satlaj campaign of 1845–6, at Mudki, Firozshahr and Sobraon : Brevet-Major : throughout the Panjab campaign, including Chilianwala and Gujarat, and the pursuit of the Sikhs and Afghans, always in command of his regiment : Brevet-Lt-Colonel : returned from England to India on the outbreak of the mutiny, commanded the Dinapur Brigade, and kept Patna perfectly quiet : afterwards in command at Barrackpur and Berhampur : commanded the 3rd Bengal Cavalry : Maj-General, 1861 : joined the Bengal Staff Corps, 1866 : C.B., 1867 : and A.D.C. to Queen Victoria : received many medals and the Order of the Durani for his services in Afghanistan : died at San Remo, May 7, 1869 : buried there.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chetty, Gazulu Lakshminarasu

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​CHETTY, GAZULU LAKSHMINARASU (1806–1868)
Son of an indigo merchant : joined his father in trade and amassed a large fortune at the time of the American war : founded the Madras Native Association, of which he was President : opposed the proselytizing tendencies of the missionaries and successfully resisted the attempt made to introduce the Bible as a text-book in Government Schools in 1843 : was forward in the agitation carried on in 1853–5 regarding the grievances of the natives, which led to the Torture Commission : after incurring much odium as a seditious person, in 1861 he was made a C.S.I. : he next directed his attention to the affairs of Mysore and the Tanjore widows : lost most of his fortune and died a poor man, leaving a name for patriotism and self-sacrifice.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chibu, Lama

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​CHIBU, LAMA ( ? –1866)
Was sprung from an old and respectable Sikhim family of Tibetan origin : dwelt at Tumlong near the Raja of Sikhim : was early a man of influence and mark, learnt Hindustani, a qualification which gave him much political importance. When Sir Joseph Hooker and Dr. Campbell were imprisoned by the Sikhim Court, he befriended them throughout, and as a reward obtained a very large estate of about 75,000 acres near Darjeeling, on the annexation of Sikhim territory. In 1864 he accompanied Sir Ashley Eden through out his mission to Bhutan and, with considerable personal danger, exerted himself to bring the negotiations to a successful issue : died in 1866.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chinnery, George

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​CHINNERY, GEORGE (1766–1852)
Artist : exhibited in the Royal Academy, 1790–1846 : painted in Dublin and London and went to China, from which country he visited India : he "made spirited sketches of scenes in India" : was at Madras, 1802–7 or 8, and afterwards painted many pictures at Calcutta : was at Canton in 1830 and died at Macao in 1852 : references to his works in India occur in Indian literature : his name and his skill are remembered there to this day.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Christie, S. T.

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​CHRISTIE, S. T. ( ? –1876)
Lt-General : entered the Army, 1836 : served with the 80th regt. in the Burmese war, 1852–3 : commanded the storming party at Martaban : at the operations at Rangoon : at the capture of Prome : in the Indian mutiny commanded a movable column : at Fatehpur : at the siege of Lucknow : commanded a Field Force in the Oudh campaign, wounded : C.B. : Lt-General 1876 : died Oct. 5, 1876.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Churchill, Lord Randolph Henry Spencer

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​CHURCHILL, LORD RANDOLPH HENRY SPENCER (1849–1894)
Son of the sixth Duke of Marlborough : born Feb. 13, 1849 : educated at Eton, and Merton College, Oxford : M.P. for Woodstock, 1874–1885; for South Paddington, 1885 to his death. The greater portion of his career in politics and the House of Commons had no connexion with India. He made a tour in that country in the cold weather of 1884–5, in which he studied its administration, and gained experience which was valuable to him when he was Secretary of State for India from June 24, 1885, to Feb. 5, 1886. In that post he made a reputation for his administrative capacity, his industry, knowledge of details, and despatch of business. He sanctioned the Burmese war of 1885–6 and the annexation of Upper Burma, and concluded the Russo-Afghan Frontier negotiations. He also sanctioned Mr. Colman Macaulay's visit to Pekin, with a view to a subsequent mission to Lhasa, which was afterwards stopped. He was on a sea voyage round the world for his health, when he had to leave Madras and return to England, and died there, Jan. 24, 1894.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Clapperton, Andrew Balfour

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​CLAPPERTON, ANDREW BALFOUR (1794–1847)
Captain : Master-attendant at Calcutta : went to sea in 1808 in the E. I. Co.'s mercantile service : served in the expeditions against the Isle of France and Java : commanded merchant-ships to and from Calcutta for years; "no man in the country's service ever bore a higher character." He safely rounded Cape Horn, with a lascar crew, in 1822–3 : having served as second and first Assistant, he became Master-attendant, 1840–2, and was confirmed in 1847, but died, Sep. 20. He was at various times Judge Advocate of the Marine Committee of Enquiry : regarded as a tried and valuable officer of the Company, and much esteemed in society.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chesney, Sir George Tomkyns

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​CHESNEY, SIR GEORGE TOMKYNS (1830–1895)
Son of Capt. Charles Cornwallis Chesney of the Bengal Artillery : born April 30, 1830 : educated at Blundell's school, Tiverton, and Addiscombe : entered the Bengal Engineers, 1848, and became General in 1882 : went to India in 1850 : in the P.W.D. until the mutiny : in the Badli-ka-sarai action, June, 8, 1857 : at the capture of the ridge at Delhi : Brig-Major, R.E. at Delhi : in the assault on Sep. 14 : was President of the Engineering College at Calcutta, and head of the P.W.D. Account Department in 1860 : President of the Royal Indian Civil Engineering College at Cooper's Hill, 1871–80, of which he had prepared the constitution, etc. : Secretary to the Government of India in the Military Department, 1880–6 : Military Member of the Supreme Council, July, 1886–April, 1891 : M.P. for Oxford, 1892 : C.S.I. 1883 : C.I.E. 1886 : C.B. 1887 : K.C.B. 1890 : died March 31, 1895. He wrote a number of books : the principal were Indian Polity : The Battle of Darking, a military-political Magazine article which made a great action : The True Reformer, The Dilemma, The Private Secretary, besides other articles in Magazines and Reviews.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Basset, Peter

​BASSET, PETER (fl. 1421), biographer of Henry V, is stated by Bale to have been the chamberlain and intimate friend of Henry V, and to have written in English a detailed and interesting life of his patron under the title of 'Acta Regis Henrici Quinti.' Tanner ascribes to Basset another historical work, called 'De Actis Armorum et Conquestus Regni Franciæ ducatus Normanniæ, ducatus Alenconiæ, ducatus Andegaviæ et Cenomanniæ, etc. Ad nobilem virum Johannem Falstolf, baronem de Cyllyequotem.' Edward Hall, the chronicler of the wars of the Roses, writing before 1542, mentions 'Ihon Basset' among the English writers whose works he had consulted, and this reference almost certainly applies to Peter Basset, whom Pits likewise miscalls 'John.' Hall quotes 'Peter Basset, esquire, which at the time of his death was his chamberlayn,' as his authority for the statement that Henry V 'died of a plurisis.' Thomas Hearne, in the preface to his edition of Thomas Elmham's 'Vita et Gesta Henrici V' (1727, p. 31), describes, among the extant accounts of Henry V's actions in France, a work in manuscript entitled 'Petri Basseti et Christophori Hansoni adversaria.'
Both Tanner and Hearne speak of Basset's historical works as lying in manuscript at the College of Arms, but no distinct mention of ​them is made in W. H. Black's catalogue of the chief historical (the Arundel) manuscripts which are now preserved there. Mr. W. D. Macray is of opinion that an incomplete history of Henry V's wars in France, written in French, which is now in the College of Arms (Arundel MS. xlviii. art. 66), may possibly prove to be one of Basset's compilations. Both Bale and Tanner distinctly state, however, that Basset's history of Henry V was written in English. It is probable that Hall, who was obviously acquainted with Basset's work, made liberal use of it in his well-known chronicle.
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Basset, Alan

​BASSET, ALAN (d. 1232–3), baron, was a younger son of Thomas Basset of Hedendon, Oxfordshire [see Basset, Thomas]. In favour alike with Richard I and with John, he received from the former the lordships of Woking and Mapledurwell, and from the latter those of Wycombe and Berewick. With his brothers Gilbert and Thomas he accompanied John to Northampton, when the king of Scots did his homage (22 Nov. 1200), which he tested (Rog. Hov. i. 142), and continued throughout John's reign in close attendance on the court, accompanying the king to Ireland in 1210 (Rot. de Præst.) and to Runnymede (15 June 1215), his name, with that of his brother Thomas, appearing in Magna Carta among those of the king's counsellors. At the accession of Henry III he was one of the witnesses to his re-issue of the charter (11 Nov. 1216), and on the royalist reaction his loyalty was rewarded by his being occasionally employed in the Curia Regis and sent to France on a political mission in 1219–20. He also acted as sheriff of Rutland from 1217 to 1229. Dying in 1232–3 (Fin. 17 H. III, m. 10) he left three sons: Gilbert, his heir [q. v.]; Fulk, afterwards bishop of London [q. v.]; and Philip, afterwards justiciary of England [q. v.]
J. H. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Basset, Francis (d.1645)

1904 Errata appended.
​BASSET, Sir FRANCIS (d. 1645) sheriff and vice-admiral of Cornwall, was recorder of St. Ives, and presented to that borough, in 1640, a loving-cup, bearing the following inscription:—
If any discord twixt my friends arise  Within the borough of belov'd St. Ives,  It is desirèd this my cup of love  To euerie one a peace-maker may prove.  Then am I blest to have given a legacie,  So like my harte, unto posteritie.
His portrait, a fine example of Vandyck, is preserved at Tehidy. He appears to have been a jovial sportsman, much addicted to hawking and cock-fighting. He married in 1620 Ann, daughter of Sir Jonathan Trelawny of Trelawne, and, when the stress of the civil war in 1643 passed into Cornwall, was busily engaged in the western part of Cornwall in raising money and drilling forces for the king. Letters of his to his wife ‘at her Tehidy’ are preserved, recording the royalist victories of Stamford Hill near Stratton, and of Braddock Down near Lostwithiel, at the latter of which (or at any rate very shortly after the fight) he, with most of the Cornish gentry, was present, and was knighted on the field. He records in another letter to his wife that after the battle ‘the king, in the hearing of thousands, as soon as he saw me in the morning, cryed to mee “Deare Mr. Sheriffe, I leave Cornwall to you safe and sound”’ (Polwhele, Traditions and Recollections, i. 17–20). He was sheriff of the county, 1642–4, and there is a complaint against him in the Star Chamber, 18 May 1625 (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 12496). Sir Francis died 19 Sept. 1645. The full vengeance of Cromwell fell upon his son John, though the latter had never taken up arms; and, compelled to compound for his estates, he had to sell St. Michael's Mount in 1660 to a member of the St. Aubyn family, in whose possession it has ever since remained. Sir Francis's second son, Francis, was a puritan, residing at Taunton, and in 1661 was accused of a conspiracy against Charles II, of which charge, however, he was honourably acquitted on a letter which he was alleged to have written being proved a forgery (cf. Stanford, Life of Joseph Alleine (1861), p. 194).
W. H. T.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.17 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 376 | ii | 3 f.e. | Basset, Sir Francis: for and M.P. for read of |
| 377 | i | 8 | after Tehidy insert He was M.P. for St. Michael's in the short parliament of 1640 |