OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ellerton, Edward

​ELLERTON, EDWARD, D.D. (1770–1851), founder of scholarships, son of Richard Ellerton of Downholm, Yorkshire, was born in 1770; was educated at Richmond School: matriculated at Oxford as a member of University College; and graduated B.A, in 1792, and M.A. in 1795. Ellerton was appointed master of Magdalen College school in 1799; was afterwards elected fellow of the same college, and proceeded B.D. in 1805, and D.D. in 1815. He was appointed to the perpetual curacy of Horspath, Oxfordshire, in 1814, and to the perpetual curacy of Sevenhampton, Gloucestershire, in 1825, resigning the latter charge early in 1851.
For some time also he acted as curate to Routh, the president of Magdalen, at Theale near Reading, a chapelry attached to the rectory of Tilehurst. Ellerton was the founder of many scholarships and prizes. In 1825 he established an annual prize of twenty guineas, open to all members of the university of Oxford who had passed examination for their first degree, the prize to be given for the best English essay on some theological subject, In the earlier part of Pusey's career Ellerton was his close friend, and, in conjunction with Pusey and his brother Philip, he founded in 1832 the Pusey and Ellerton scholarships, three in number, which are open to all members of the university, and are of the annual value of 30l. each. Magdalen College also, in which Ellerton had for many years been sole tutor, and very frequently bursar, shared in his benefactions. In addition to other gifts, in 1835 he founded an annual exhibition for the best reader of the lessons in the college chapel; in 1849 an annual exhibition for the best scholar among the choristers; and by his will he founded in Magdalen College two annual exhibitions for students in Hebrew, He further established an exhibition for boys educated at Richmond School. Ellerton was a firm supporter of the principles of the Reformation, and in 1845 published a brief polemical treatise on 'The Evils and Dangers of Tractarianism.' He was lecturer in divinity, and senior fellow of Magdalen College, and perpetual delegate of privileges in Oxford University. He died at his curacy of Theale, 26 Dec. 1851.
[Ann. Reg. 1851; Gent. Mag. 1852.]
G. B. S.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bryant, Sir Jeremiah

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​BRYANT, SIR JEREMIAH (? –1845)
Maj-General: appointed to E. I. Co.'s Army, 1798: served in Oudh: in the Mahratta war: in Bundelkund: at Deeg, 1804: Town and Fort Major, Fort William, 1815: Judge Advocate General, 1817, 1824: in the Dekkan war: at Bhartpur, 1826: knighted, 1829: C.B.: commanded the 14th N.I., 1835: Director E. I. Co., 1841: died June 10, 1845.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Brydges, Sir Harford Jones, Baronet

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​BRYDGES, SIR HARFORD JONES, BARONET (1764–1847)
In the E. I. Co.'s Civil Service: son of Harford Jones of Presteign: born Jan. 12, 1764: assumed the name of Brydges from his mother's family: Envoy to Persia, 1807–1811: Baronet in 1807: resigned in 1811: D.C.L., 1831: Privy Councillor: died March 17, 1847: wrote on Persian affairs and his mission.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buck, Sir Edward Charles

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​BUCK, SIR EDWARD CHARLES (1838–)
I.C.S.: educated at Norwich and Oakham School, and Clare College, Cambridge: entered the Bengal Civil Service in 1862 and retired in 1897: represented the Indian Government at the Colonial Exhibition, 1886: Secretary to the Government of India, 1882–97: Knight Bachelor and K.C.S.I.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Brutton, Nicholas

* related portals: Nicholas Brutton.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
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​BRUTTON, NICHOLAS (1780–1843)
Entered the Army, 1795: went to India: at Seedaseer, 1799, and at the siege of Seringapatam, May 4, 1799: in the Canara campaign; under Lord Lake, 1804–5: at the siege of Bhartpur, 1805: under General St. Leger on the Satlaj, 1809: in the Pindari campaigns of 1812 and 1817: in the Nipal war of 1815: at the siege of Hatras: retired in 1837 from the 11th Hussars, as Lt-Colonel: died March 26, 1843.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Brydon, William

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​BRYDON, WILLIAM (1811–1873)
Born Oct. 9, 1811: entered the E. I. Co.'s medical service in 1835: served with Sir H. Fane and Lord Auckland: sent in 1839 with a regiment to the first Afghan war. When the Army retreated from Kabul in Jan. 1842, Brydon was attached to the 6th regt. of Shah Shuja's Hindustani Infantry and, alone, of 13,000 persons, reached Jalalabad alive on January 13, 1842: he was in the garrison of Jalalabad under Sir R. Sale, and with General Pollock's army to Kabul and back in 1842: in the mutiny of 1857 he was, by a curious fate, again besieged, being in the Lucknow garrison, and was uninjured throughout the siege: C.B., 1858: retired, 1859, as Surgeon-Major of the Bombay Army: died March 20, 1873.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buchanan, Lewis Mansergh

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​BUCHANAN, LEWIS MANSERGH (1836–)
Son of John Buchanan, of Co. Tyrone, Ireland: volunteered for the Crimea: served in the Indian mutiny in the 88th Connaught Rangers: author of Through the Himalayas and Chinese Tibet: Colonel: C.B.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buchanan, Rev. Dr. Claudius

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​BUCHANAN, REV. DR. CLAUDIUS (1766–1816)
Born March 12, 1766: son of Alexander Buchanan: educated at Inverary and Glasgow University; Queen's College,Cambridge, 1791–5: ordained, 1795: went to Calcutta as a Chaplain on the Establishment, 1797: at Barrackpur and Calcutta: was Professor and Vice-Provost of the College of Fort William, 1799–1807, when the latter appointment was abolished: he devoted himself to the promotion of Christianity and to native education: he made two prolonged tours in Southern and Western India, 1806–7, to ascertain the circumstances and facts of the various religions of the country and suggest measures: he returned to England in 1808, and advocated the appointment of Bishops in India and the cause of missions, besides publishing translations of the Scriptures in Malayalam, Syriac, etc.: he wrote Christian Researches in Asia, 1810: Colonial Ecclesiastical Establishment, and papers about Christianity and Christian Missions in India: he was D.D. of Glasgow and Cambridge: died Feb. 9, 1815.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buchanan-Hamilton, Francis

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​BUCHANAN-HAMILTON, FRANCIS (1762–1829)
Doctor: born Feb. 15, 1762, son of Thomas Buchanan, doctor: took his degree of M.D. at Edinburgh in 1783: after serving on a man-of-war, joined the E.I. Co.'s service in 1794: employed on a mission to the Court of Ava, and on various botanical, zoological and statistical inquiries in Chittagong and Tippera, and, in 1800–1, through Mysore, Canara and Malabar, on which he wrote a full report: went to Nipal in 1802: he was Surgeon to Lord Wellesley, and accompanied him to England in 1805. The records of his subsequent inquiries in several Bengal districts and Assam were deposited at the India House in 1816 and not utilized for 22 years. He was Superintendent of the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, 1814–5, when he returned to Scotland and took the additional name of Hamilton on succeeding to his mother's property: F.R.S. and F.R.A.S., and contributed largely to the literary and scientific societies to which he belonged: wrote on the History of Nipal, the Genealogy of the Hindu gods, the Fishes of the Ganges, etc: died June 15, 1829.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buckingham, James Silk

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​BUCKINGHAM, JAMES SILK (1786–1855)
Son of Christopher Buckingham: born Aug. 25, 1786: was at sea from 1796: went to India, 1815: in 1818, at Calcutta, he brought out the Calcutta Journal, attacked Government so vigorously that, in 1823, his licence was taken away by Mr. J. Adam (q.v.), and he was deported from the country: years afterwards, the E.I. Co. gave him a pension of £200 a year: went to India again when the restrictions on the Press had been removed: M.P. for Sheffield, 1832–7: conducted the Oriental Herald and Colonial Review, 1824–9, and was connected with other journals, besides writing largely on social and political subjects: travelled extensively to and from India: wrote Arabia, 1825: Mesopotamia and Adjacent Countries, 1827: Assyria and Media, 1830: travelled also in Europe and N. America: and gave lectures in England: died June 30, 1855.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Buchan, George

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​BUCHAN, GEORGE ( ? - ? )
I.C.S.: appointed a writer on the Madras Establishment, Aug. 1792: Assistant under the Secretary in the Military, PoHtical and Scout Department, and French Translator, 1794: also for supplying "beetle," tobacco, and "gangee" in 1795: Paymaster to the Malacca expedition, 1796: sub-Secretary in the above Department, 1799: Secretary in the Public and Commercial Department, 1801; in the Military Department, 1801: Chief Secretary, 1803: Private Secretary to Government, 1809: went home, 1810: "out of the service," 1814.
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Gelasius (13), author from Cyzicus

Gelasius (13) of Cyzicus, in 2nd half of the 5th cent., author of a work on the history of the council of Nicaea, entitled by Photius The Acts of the First Council in Three Books. Our only knowledge of the author is derived from himself. Photius acknowledges his inability to determine who he was. We learn from Gelasius's own words that he was the son of a presbyter of Cyzicus, and, while still residing in his father's house, fell in with an old parchment volume which had belonged to Dalmatius, bp. of Cyzicus, containing a long account of the proceedings of the council of Nicaea. This document not supplying all the information he desired, Gelasius examined the works of other writers, from which he filled up the gaps. He mentions the work of an ancient writer named John, a presbyter otherwise unknown, the works of Eusebius of Caesarea and Rufinus (whom he calls a Roman presbyter), who were both eye-witnesses, and many others. From these and other sources Gelasius compiled his history of the Nicene council. It is sometimes taken for granted that it contains a complete collection of the synodal acts of the council. There is, however, no evidence of the existence of such a collection, or of any one having seen or used it. Athanasius had none such to refer to (cf. Athan. de Decret. Syn. Nic. 1. 2), and certainly we do not possess it in Gelasius (cf. Hefele, Hist. of Councils,Eng. trans. 263, 264). From the work itself we learn that it was composed in Bithynia. As an historical authority it is almost worthless. Its prolix disputations and lengthy orations are, as Cave has justly remarked, evidently the writer's own composition. Dupin's verdict is still more severe. "There is neither order in his narrative, nor exactness in his observations, nor elegance in his language, nor judgment m his selection of facts, nor good sense in his judgments." Instances of his untrustworthiness are seen in his statements that the council was summoned by pope Sylvester, and that Hosius of Cordova presided as his delegate; and he devotes many chapters (ii. 11–24) to disputations on the divinity of the Holy Spirit, which had not then come into controversy at all. The work is in vol. ii. of Labbe's collection (col. 103–286) and in those of Harduin and Mansi. Phot. Biblioth. Codd. 15, 88, 89; Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. v. 24, vi. 4; Cave, Hist. Lit. i. 454; Dupin, iv. 187; Le Quien, Or. Christ. iii. 568.
[E.V.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Gaudentius (7), Donatist bp. of Thamugada

Gaudentius (7), Donatist bp. of Thamugada (Temugadi), a town of Numidia, about 14 Roman miles N.E. of Lambesa (Ant. Itin. 34, 2), one of the seven managers on the Donatist side in Carth. Conf., a.d. 411 (Mon. Vet. Don. pp. 288, 408, ed. Oberthur). His name is chiefly known by his controversy with St. Augustine, c. 420. Dulcitius had informed him what was the course intended by the imperial government towards the Donatists. Gaudentius replied in two letters, which Dulcitius sent to Augustine, whose reply to them in two books entitled contra Gaudentium (Aug. Opp. vol. ix. 707–751, ed. Migne) may be regarded as representing the close of the Donatist controversy (vol. i. p. 895). The Donatist cause, already languishing, from this time fell into a decay, to which these treatises of St. Augustine materially contributed. Sparrow Simpson, S. Aug. and African Ch. Divisions (1910), pp. 133–137.
[H.W.P.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Irland, John

​IRLAND, JOHN (fl. 1480), divine and diplomatist, apparently a native of Scotland, settled in Paris, and became a doctor of the Sorbonne. A Johannes de Hirlandia, ‘baccalaureus Navarricus,’ appears in the index but not in the text of Bulæus (Hist. Univ. Paris, vol. v.) as rector of the university of Paris in 1469. Ireland's Scottish birth and proved ability caused Louis XI of France to send him to Scotland in 1480 to urge James III to declare war with England and to reconcile Alexander Stewart, duke of Albany [q. v.], with his brother, James III. In the latter object he failed, but he is said to have greatly impressed James, who induced him to return to live in Scotland, and gave him a rich benefice (Dempster, Hist. Eccl. Gentis Scotorum, No. 752). He was doubtless the Dr. John Irland, doctor of theology and rector of Hawick, who was one of the Scottish ambassadors sent in 1484 to France to receive the oath of Charles VIII to the treaty of 1483 (Crawfurd, Affairs of State, i. 45, ed. 1726; Michel, Les Écossais en France). On 23 Sept. 1487 Henry VII, at the request of King James, granted a safe-conduct to the Bishop of St. Andrews and John Irland, clerk (Fœdera, orig. ed., xii. 326). According to Dempster, Irland wrote:
* ‘In Magistrum Sententiarum,’ in four books.
* A book of sermons.
* ‘Reconciliationis Modus ad Jacobum III Regem super dissidio cum Duce Albaniæ’
* One book of letters.
[Dempster's Hist. Eccl. Gentis Scot. (Bannatyne Club), 1829; Michel's Les Écossais en France; Burton's Hist. of Scotland, iii. 22.]
J. T-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ironside, Edward

​IRONSIDE, EDWARD (1736?–1803), topographer, born about 1736, was the eldest son of Edward Ironside, F.S.A., banker, of Lombard Street, who died lord mayor on 27 Nov. 1753. He was a supercargo in the East India Company's service. For many years he lived at Twickenham, where he died on 20 June 1803, aged 67, and was buried on the 28th (Lysons, Environs, Suppl. pp. 319, 322; Gent. Mag. vol. lxxiii. pt. i. p. 603). He wrote ‘The History and Antiquities of Twickenham; being the First Part of ​Parochial Collections for the County of Middlesex,’ 4to, London, 1797, issued in Nichols's ‘Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica,’ vol. x. No. 6. It was to have been followed by a history of Isleworth, which he did not complete.
[Nichols's Lit. Anecd. ix. 194.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Irvine, Alexander (1793-1873)

​IRVINE, ALEXANDER (1793–1873), botanist, son of a well-to-do farmer, was born at Daviot, Aberdeenshire, in 1793. He was educated at the grammar school at Daviot and at Marischal College, Aberdeen, which he left in 1819 to engage in private tuition. In 1824 he came to London in pursuit of the same profession. He afterwards acted as schoolmaster at Albury, in London, at Bristol, and at Guildford. He finally opened a school in 1851 at Chelsea. For eight or ten years toward the close of his life he held a ministerial office in the Irvingite church at White Notley, Essex, but did not reside ​ there. He died in Upper Manor Street, Chelsea, on 13 May 1873, and was buried in Brompton cemetery.
Irvine interested himself in botany at an early age, and on his first visit to London (1824) he made extensive collections in the surrounding country. John Stuart Mill and William Pamplin often accompanied him in his botanical excursions. A manuscript catalogue of over six hundred species, which he found within a two-mile radius of Hampstead Heath, was compiled by him between 1825 and 1834. After contributing to Loudon's ‘Magazine of Natural History,’ he published in 1838, while at Albury, his so-called ‘London Flora,’ the first part of which includes plants from all the south-eastern counties and the second part from the whole of Britain. A new edition is dated 1846. Irvine was in the habit of making long summer excursions in Wales, Scotland, or England, mostly on foot, and became a contributor to the old series of the ‘Phytologist.’ On its cessation at the death of the editor (George Luxford) in 1854, Irvine edited a new series, which was carried on through six volumes, at a pecuniary loss, from May 1855 to July 1863, when Pamplin, the publisher, retired from business. With the earlier numbers of this magazine were given away some sheets of a descriptive work on British botany. This material Irvine incorporated in his most comprehensive work, the ‘Illustrated Handbook of British Plants,’ a popular manual, issued in five parts in 1858. Always endeavouring to popularise the study of his favourite science, he started in November 1863 the ‘Botanist's Chronicle,’ a penny monthly periodical. This he circulated with a catalogue of second-hand books which he had for sale. It only ran, however, to seventeen numbers. In addition to botany, Irvine made a close study of the Scriptures, and left behind him manuscript collections of proverbs and folk-lore.
G. S. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dodds, James (1812-1885)

​DODDS, JAMES (1812–1885), religious and general writer, was born at Annan in Dumfriesshire in 1812, and educated at the university of Edinburgh, where he obtained the highest distinction in the class of Professor Wilson (‘Christopher North’). Studying for the ministry in the established church, he was first appointed to the parish of Humbie in East Lothian, but in 1843, joining the Free church, was called to Dunbar, where he remained to the close of his life. As a Dumfriesshire man he early became acquainted with Thomas Carlyle, and had much correspondence with him. Dodds was of literary habits, and when other engagements permitted made much use of his pen. ‘Famous Men of Dumfriesshire’ consists of sketches of honourable names in the annals of his native country, marked by the strong local sympathies of one born and brought up on its soil. ‘The Lily of Lammermoor’ is a story of disruption times, and ‘A Century of Scottish Church History’ is a sketch of the religious history of Scotland from the first secession to the disruption in 1843. He was the author of a brief biographical sketch of his friend, Dr. Patrick Fairbairn, principal of the Free Church College in Glasgow, and author of the ‘Typology of Scripture,’ ‘Coast Missions, a Memoir of the Rev. Thomas Rosie,’ 1862, and other well-known theological works. He wrote also the memoir of his cousin, James Dodds [q. v.], prefixed to his posthumous volume ‘Lays of the Covenanters,’ which he edited and annotated. He was a frequent contributor to various periodicals, the ‘Christian Treasury,’ ‘Sunday at Home,’ ‘Leisure Hour,’ &c. Though neither original nor brilliant, he was a sensible and useful writer, and personally he was held in great esteem by those among whom he lived. He died in 1885.
W. G. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dodington, Bartholomew

​DODINGTON, BARTHOLOMEW (1536–1595), Greek scholar, born in Middlesex in 1536, was admitted a scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge, on the Lady Margaret's foundation, 11 Nov. 1547, and proceeded B.A. in 1551–2. On 8 April 1552 he was admitted a fellow of his college on the foundation of the Lady Margaret. In 1555 he commenced M.A., subscribing the Roman catholic articles then imposed on all graduates. He was convened in February 1556–1557 before Cardinal Pole's delegates for the visitation of the university. On 18 Nov. 1558 he was elected one of the senior fellows of his college, and he served the office of proctor for the academical year commencing 10 Oct. 1559. In or about 1560 he was appointed a fellow of Trinity College. He was elected in 1562 to the regius professorship of Greek, which he appears to have resigned in 1585. At one period he held the office of auditor of the imprest. He died on 22 Aug. 1595, and was buried in the north transept of Westminster Abbey.
Dodington, who was a profound Greek scholar, wrote: 1. ‘Gratulatio in adventum clarissimi Domini Roberti Dudlei facta a cœtu studiosorum Collegii Trinitatis, 1564,’ in Nichols's ‘Progresses of Queen Elizabeth,’ iii. 49. 2. ‘Greek and Latin Orations on the Queen's visit to Trinity College,’ 1564, in the same vol., pp. 83–6. 3. ‘Epistola de vita et obitu clarissimi viri medici et philosophiæ præstantissimi D. Nicholai Carri,’ printed with Carr's ‘Demosthenes,’ 1571. 4. Greek verses on the death of Anne, countess of Oxford, 1588, in Lansdowne MS. 104, art. 78. 5 Greek verses prefixed to Carr's ‘Demosthenes,’ Camden's ‘Britannia,’ and other works.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dods, Marcus

​DODS, MARCUS, D.D. (1786–1838), theological writer, was born near Gifford in East Lothian in 1786, and educated at Edinburgh. In 1810 he was ordained presbyterian minister at Belford in Northumberland, and in that charge he remained till his death in 1838. He was a man of deep theological scholarship, and at the same time of irrepressible wit. As a leading contributor to the 'Edinburgh Christian Instructor,' under the editorship of the distinguished Dr. Andrew Thomson, it fell to him to write a critique on the views of Edward Irving on the incarnation of our Lord (January 1830). Irving wrote a very characteristic letter to Dods, frankly stating that he had not read his paper, but that he understood it was severe, and inviting him to correspond with him on the subject. Mrs. Oliphant, not having read the critique any more than Irving, writes as if Dods had been a malleus hereticorum, and mistakes the character of the man. Dods published his views at length in a work entitled 'On the Incarnation of the Eternal Word,' the second edition of which appeared after his death with a strongly recommendatory notice by Dr. Chalmers. A monument to Dods erected at Belford bears an inscription written by the late Professor Maclagan, D.D., which has been greatly admired both for truthful delineation and artistic power: 'A man of noble powers, nobly used, in whom memory and judgment, vigour and gentleness, gravity and wit, each singly excellent, were all happily combined, and devoted with equal promptitude and perseverance to the labours of christian godliness and the deeds of human kindness. The delight of his household, the father of his flock, the helper of the poor, he captivated his friends by his rich converse, and edified the church by his learned and eloquent pen. The earthly preferment which be deserved but did not covet, the earth neglected to bestow; but living to advance and defend, he died in full hope to inherit, the everlasting kingdom of Christ Jesus, our Lord.'
[Christian Instructor, 1838; Oliphant's Life of Irving; information from family.]
W. G. B.