OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# American Medical Biographies/Gregory, Elisha Hall

​Gregory, Elisha Hall (1824–1906)
Elisha Hall Gregory, of St. Louis, was born near Russellville, Kentucky, September 10, 1824, and died of heart disease at Ormond, Florida, February 11, 1906. He was president of the St. Louis Medical Society in 1863 and of the American Medical Association in 1886 and was a medical educator and surgeon of note.
Educated in the common schools of Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and Booneville, Missouri, he studied medicine with Dr. F. W. G. Thomas, practised several years, entered the medical department of St. Louis University, and graduated in 1849. After two more years of practice he became demonstrator of anatomy to his alma mater and in 1852 professor of anatomy, holding the position until 1867 when he became professor of surgery. When the medical department of Washington University was created he had a large share in bringing about the merger of the Missouri Medical College and the St. Louis Medical College that went to form the new medical department. As a teacher of both anatomy and surgery he was preeminent, in the opinion of his pupils. He was at one time president of the Missouri state board of health and was president of the state medical society. For fifty years he was surgeon in chief to the Sisters and Mullanphy hospitals, there controlling a large amount of surgical material. His personality endeared him to all. A manly man, he knew and maintained his rights while at the same time regardful of the rights of others.
# American Medical Biographies/Griffin, Corbin

​Griffin, Corbin (17—–1813)
Corbin Griffin was the son of Leroy Griffin of Lancaster County, Virginia, and his wife, Mary, daughter of Joseph Bertrand, a French refugee, and was born in Lancaster, the year of his birth not being known.
He received a good classical education, and studied medicine at and graduated from the University of Edinburgh. A copy of his thesis, which was published, is in the Toner collection in the Surgeon-General's Library.
Afterwards he settled and practised in Yorktown, Virginia. In the Revolution, or at least in the first years of the war, he served as state surgeon, being first in the navy and later in the hospital at Yorktown. In May, 1779, he was a member of the Virginia Senate, having been elected for three years. After the war he continued to practise at Yorktown until his death.
He married Elizabeth Berkeley and had one son who married his cousin, Mary, daughter of the Hon. Cyrus Griffin, last president of the Continental Congress.
Dr. Griffin died September 1, 1813.
# American Medical Biographies/Greenleaf, Charles Ravenscroft

​Greenleaf, Charles Ravenscroft (1838–1911)
Charles Ravenscroft Greenleaf, Medical Corps, U. S. Army, was born January 1, 1838, at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and died September 2, 1911, at San José, California. He was the son of Patrick Henry and Margaret Johnson Greenleaf, and a grandson of Professor Simon Greenleaf, of Harvard University. He received his early education in Boston and Cincinnati, and his medical degree from the Ohio State Medical College in 1860. On the outbreak of the Civil War he became assistant surgeon of the 5th Ohio Infantry, and was the first medical officer to receive a commission from that State. On August 5, 1861, he was appointed an assistant surgeon in the United States Army. During the Civil War he early was appointed assistant to Medical Director Charles Tripler, of the Army of the Potomac, and served in this capacity during the Peninsular Campaign, organizing and later taking charge, May, 1862, of a hospital at Yorktown for 2,000 sick. The following year he prepared plans for the Mower Hospital at Philadelphia, and afterwards became its executive officer. The last two years of the war he served in the office of the medical director at Harrisburg and Baltimore, his duties being to arrange for the care of the sick and wounded from the battlefields of Virginia.
Following the Civil War he served for 20 years in the South and West and in 1887 was transferred to Washington as assistant to the Surgeon General. He was the originator of the personal identification system long used in the Army, and was conspicuous for his close identity with the general advancement of the Medical Department.
Col. Greenleaf was even more conspicuous during the Spanish-American War and the Philippine Insurrection. On May 3, 1898, he was appointed chief surgeon of all the troops in the field; organized the medical service of the Porto-Rican Campaign; he was in charge of the large Hospital Camp at Montauk Point; and later, December 2, 1898, was appointed Medical Inspector of the Army, in which position he rendered splendid service.
In December, 1899, he was appointed Chief Surgeon of the Army in the Philippines, and here, notwithstanding a lack of sympathy on the part of higher authority, he was able to properly carry on, in spite of the great difficulties of personnel and supplies, the establishment of 650 military posts in a country, for the greater part, hostile to American occupation.
General Greenleaf retired, with the rank of Colonel, January 1, 1902, at 64 years of age, and after more than 40 years service. He was later promoted to the grade of Brigadier General, retired, as provided for officers who served during the civil war, by the Act of Congress of 1904.
General Greenleaf was a man of much culture and of a delightful manner, both of which combined to make him an excellent administrative officer.
He left a wife and three children, one son a member of the Medical Corps of the Army.
# American Medical Biographies/Greenough, Francis Boott

​Greenough, Francis Boott (1837–1904)
Francis Boott Greenough was born in Boston, December 24, 1837. He was the son of Henry and Frances Boott Greenough, his mother being a niece of Kirk Boott, one of the first cotton manufacturers of Lowell, Massachusetts.
Graduating from Harvard College in 1859 and from Harvard Medical School in 1866, the University gave him her A. M. in 1870. Previous to graduating in medicine he spent a year in the Lawrence Scientific School connected with Harvard, and went abroad for two years studying architecture and medicine at Pisa and Florence.
Greenough was acting assistant surgeon in the United States Army during the summer ​and autumn of 1864 and returning to Boston was house physician in the Massachusetts General Hospital. In 1865 and 1866 after graduating from the medical school he spent a year in Vienna, and in October, 1867, began to practise medicine in Boston. He gave his greatest attention to skin diseases and syphilis from the first and in the later years of his practice was regarded as an authority on genito-urinary diseases and syphilis. He was clinical instructor in syphilis in the Harvard Medical School from 1875 to 1895. He was in charge of the department of skin and venereal diseases of the Boston Dispensary from 1873 to 1900. At one time he was surgeon to the Carney Hospital (1868–1876), also to St. Joseph's Home, and physician to the Children's Hospital.
He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, and other societies. His tall, commanding presence was a familiar figure on the streets of Boston for thirty years.
Dr. Greenough never married and retired from active practice several years before his death, which occurred in Brookline, Massachusetts, October 16, 1904.
Among his writings are: "Treatment of Permanent Urethral Stricture," Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, vol. lxxvii, 164; "Pediculi Vestamentorum," ibid, vol. lxxvii, 221; "Gonorrheal Rheumatism," ibid., vol. lxxvii, 411.
# American Medical Biographies/Griffin, Ezra Leonard

​Griffin, Ezra Leonard (1821–1892)
Ezra Leonard Griffin, son of Eben and Susannah Lewis Griffin, was born in Hillsboro, New Hampshire, September 21, 1821, his mother a Bostonian, his father a native of Gloucester.
He received his academic education at Kimball Union Academy and entered Dartmouth College in 1844. While there his health failed and forced him to abandon his preparation for the ministry, which had been his choice. He left Dartmouth at the close of his sophomore ​year and entered the Berkshire Medical Institution, where he graduated in 1849.
In the same year Dr. Griffin married Abby M., daughter of the Rev. Samuel Mason, of Newburyport, Massachusetts, and began professional life in Nashua, New Hampshire, and after moving to Derry, in the same state, removed, in the autumn of 1855, to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.
Griffin was prominently identified with the medical history of Wisconsin for thirty years, being warmly interested in all that related to the practice of medicine, an active supporter of state and local medical societies, deeply interested in the subject of vaccination and was one of the first to establish in the northwest a depot for the propagation of animal vaccine.
He was a clear and forcible writer and a prime mover in the organization of the State Board of Health, of which he was for many years an honored president. He wrote memoirs of Dr. M. C. Darling, Dr. H. M. Lilly and Dr. Moses Barrett and was the author of a report on "Vaccination" and a paper on "Small-pox."
He died in January, 1892.
# American Medical Biographies/Griffitts, Samuel Powel

​Griffitts, Samuel Powel (1759–1826)
Samuel Powel Griffitts, founder of the Philadelphia Dispensary, was born in Philadelphia, July 21, 1759, the son of William and Abigail Powel Griffitts. His father died when he was an infant and he was brought up by his mother in an atmosphere of religion which made an indelible impression upon his youthful mind. Every morning he read from the New Testament in Greek or Latin and he later joined the Society of Friends, becoming one of their most valued and influential members. After graduating from his mother's tuition he went to the College of Philadelphia, where he became an excellent classical scholar, acquiring unusual facility in speaking Latin and a high degree of proficiency in French. After college he began the study of medicine, under Dr. Adam Kuhn (q. v.) (a well-known pupil of Linnaeus), then professor to a class of materia medica and botany in Philadelphia, and worked with him until 1781, when he received an M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania. Then he traveled abroad for three years, in order to complete his medical education. He took a course at Montpellier, made a tour of Southern France, studied for ​several months in London and spent some time in Edinburgh, where he studied with the celebrated Dr. Cullen. In 1784 he returned to Philadelphia and practised medicine until his death.
Dr. Griffitts was interested in all public matter pertaining to his profession as well as in his private practice. He was the first person to actively engage in the establishment of a dispensary and it was largely owing to his efforts that the Pennsylvania Dispensary was founded in 1786, he serving as manager and attending physician and for forty years a daily visitor. He was a member of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, the Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons, an active member of the Humane Society, a member of the American Philosophical Society and in 1787 became one of the original members of the College of Physicians, a body which in 1817 made him its vice-president. He was a member of the committee that made a pharmacopoeia for the College.
In 1787 he married Mary Fishbourne, daughter of William Fishbourne, a merchant of Philadelphia.
The University of Pennsylvania made him professor of materia medica in 1792, a position which he held for four years and filled with distinction. His last public effort of any importance was furnishing assistance in the making of the United States Pharmacopoeia, in which he was much interested. He read a paper on this subject June 1, 1820, before the Pharmacopoeial Convention. He died after a brief illness from pneumonia, May 12, 1826.
# American Medical Biographies/Grinnell, Ashbell Parmalee

​ Grinnell, Ashbell Parmalee (1845–1907)
This legal physician was born at Massena, New York, December 26, 1845, the son of Josiah Heman Grinnell, a successful country practitioner of St. Lawrence County, New York. His early years were spent in study and teaching in the district schools of his own county and his medical degree was taken at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1869. For a time he practised at Ogdensburg, New York. In 1870, however, he removed to Burlington, Vermont. He was professor of physiology and of the theory and practice of medicine at the Medical Department of the University of Vermont, situated at Burlington. Of the same institution he was dean from 1874 to 1877, and again from 1884 to 1898, and professor of practice in the Long Island College Hospital from 1885 till 1887.
In November, 1904, he removed from Burlington to New York City. There he engaged in medico-legal practice until his death, and was remarkably successful.
He was of medium height, of rather heavy build, his hair red, his eyes large and deep blue. His face was always kindly, yet ever changing its expression. A quick and active man, full of nervous force and magnetism; a hard student and exceedingly fond of his profession. He loved all children and, though extremely busy, he somehow managed to spare the time in which to talk with and to play with them. He was also extremely friendly and helpful to his students. The present writer, one day, after a lecture by Dr. Grinnell, spoke to him in the hall concerning some matter which he had not sufficiently understood. "Come down to my house at 7:30 tonight," said the doctor. "I happen to be quite busy at the present moment." Of course I went, expecting to receive a very few moments. But Dr. Grinnell put me in a rocking chair and then, himself in another, he discoursed on small-pox for more than two full hours.
He married, in 1873, Miss Elizabeth D. Guest, of Ogdensburg, New York, and had one son, Albert R., and two daughters.
Dr. Grinnell died in New York City, April 8, 1907, of malignant endocarditis, following a long attack of grippe.
# American Medical Biographies/Griffith, Robert Eglesfeld

​Griffith, Robert Eglesfeld (1798–1850)
Robert Eglesfeld Griffith, physician, botanist, educator, was born in Philadelphia, February 13, 1798. His father was Robert Eglesfeld Griffith, and his mother was Maria Thong, daughter of John Patterson and Catharine Livingston, his wife.
In 1820 he graduated M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania with a thesis on the "Stomach and Its Functions." He practised in Philadelphia and from 1833–1836 was physician to the Board of Health. In 1835 he was elected professor of materia medica in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy; he gave but one course, leaving the next year to become professor of materia medica, therapeutics, hygiene and medical jurisprudence in the University of Maryland, remaining there until 1838 when he was appointed professor of practice, obstetrics and medical jurisprudence at the University of Virginia. In 1839 he resigned because of ill-health and returned to Philadelphia.
He was a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences, vice-president in 1849, succeeding Samuel George Morton (q. v.), who became president; of the Franklin Institute, and the American Philosophical Society. He won four prizes from the "United Bowmen," an old association of Philadelphia.
Griffith was the author of "Chemistry of the Four Seasons" (1846); "Medical Botany" (1847); "Universal Formulary" (1850), and editor of "Ballard and Gerrod's Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics" (1846); Christison's "Dispensatory or Commentary on the Pharmacopoeias of Great Britain" (1848); Taylor's "Medical Jurisprudence" (1845).
He was editor of the Journal of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy 1831–1835; American Journal of Pharmacy 1835–1836.
Dr. Griffith became noted as a botanist and conchologist and gave a large collection of shells to the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, when he was vice-president in 1849– 50. At the time of his death he had begun an extensive work on conchology, and had planned one on "The Botany of the Bible," which he was urged to write by Prof. Asa Gray (q. v.) and other noted botanists.
In 1829 he married Mary, daughter of Manuel Eyre, of Philadelphia, and had three children; Robert Eglesfeld, Anne Louisa, and Manuel Eyre. A nephew, Robert Eglesfeld Griffith, graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1855.
Griffith died in Philadelphia, June 26, 1850.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Trelawney, Samuel

From volume 4 of the work.
​Trelawney, Samuel, s. Samuel, of Devon, gent. Balliol Coll., matric. 29 April, 1730, aged 18; B.A. 24 Jan., 1733-4, M.A. 1736, B.Med. 1739.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Trelawny, (Sir) William Lewis (Salusbury, Bart.)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Trelawny, (Sir) William Lewis (Salusbury, Bart.), s. Henry, of Trelawny, Cornwall, baronet. Oriel Coll., matric. 18 Feb., 1799, aged 17; 8th baronet, M.P. East Cornwall 1832-7, lord-lieutenant Cornwall 1840, assumed the additional surname of Salusbury, died 15 Nov., 1856, See Foster's Baronetage & Alumni West., 445.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Trehearne, George Harry

From volume 4 of the work.
​Trehearne, George Harry, 1s. John, of London, arm. St. John's Coll., matric. 14 June, 1870, aged 19; B.A. 1873, chaplain r.n. 1878.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Treherne, Lionel Belville

From volume 4 of the work.
​Treherne, Lionel Belville, 5s. Henry, of London, gent. Queen's Coll., matric. 31 Jan., 1882, aged 18.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Tregonwell, Lewis Dimoke Grosvenor

From volume 4 of the work.
​Tregonwell, Lewis Dimoke Grosvenor, s. Thomas, of Anderson, Dorset, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 24 Oct., 1775, aged 17; of Anderson, high sheriff, Dorset, 1780, died 18 Jan., 1832.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Trehearn, James

From volume 4 of the work.
​Trehearn, James, s. John, of Cradley, co. Hereford, gent. Worcester Coll., matric. 6 July, 1761, aged 17; B.A. 1765, M.A. 1768.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Treise, (Sir) Christopher

From volume 4 of the work.
​Treise, (Sir) Christopher, s. John, of Blisland, arm. Exeter Coll., matric. 5 Sep., 1747, aged 19; created M.A. 2 July, 1751, of Sematham, Cornwall, high sheriff, knighted 23 Feb., 1761, M.P. Bodmin 1762-3, died 4 Dec., 1780.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Trelawny, (Sir) Henry (Bart.)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Trelawny, (Sir) Henry (Bart.), s. William, of Budshed, Devon, baronet. Christ Church, matric. 2 July, 1773, aged 17; B.A. 1776, M.A. 1781, 7th baronet, joined the Methodists shortly after 1776, next joined the Calvinists and was ordained at Poole, returned to the Established Church, and proceeded M.A., ordained at Exeter, preb. of Exeter 1789, vicar of Egloshayle, Cornwall, 1793, and of St. Allen 1791, died at Laveno, Italy, 25 Feb., 1834, among the members of his fourth and last adopted creed. See Foster's Baronetage & Alumni West., 445.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Treherne, George

From volume 4 of the work.
​Treherne, George, 3s. Rees Goring Thomas, of St. Pancras, Middlesex, arm. St. Mary Hall, matric. 26 Jan., 1830, aged 20; assumed the name of Treherne in lieu of Thomas, died 17 March, 1878.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Treherne, George Gilbert Treherne

From volume 4 of the work.
​Treherne, George Gilbert Treherne, y.s. Rees Goring Thomas, of Tooting Lodge, Surrey, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 28 Jan., 1857, aged 19; B.A. 1861, M.A. 1878, assumed the name of Treherne in lieu of Thomas.
# America and the War

Works which endure come from the soul of the people. The mighty in their pride walk alone to destruction. The humble walk hand in hand with providence to immortality. Their works survive.
When the people of the colonies were defending their liberties against the might of kings, they chose their banner from the design set in the firmament through all eternity. The flags of great empires of that day have gone, but the stars and stripes remain. It pictures a vision of a people whose eyes are turned to the rising dawn. It represents of the hope of a father for his posterity. It was never flaunted for the glory of royalty, but to be born under it is to be the child of a king, and to establish a home under it is to be the founder of a royal house. Alone of all flags, it expresses the sovereignty of the people which endures when all else passes away. Speaking with their voice, it has the sanctity of revelations. He who lives under it and disloyal to it is a traitor to the human race everywhere. What could be saved if the flag of the American nation were to perish?
America has many glories. The last one that she would wish to surrender is the glory of the men who have served her in war. While such devotion lives, the nation is secure. Whatever dangers may threaten from within or without, she can view them calmly. Turning to her veterans, she can say: "These are our defenders. They are invincible. In them is our safety."
After more than five years of the bitterest war in human experience, the last great stronghold of force surrendering to the demands of America and her allies agreed to cast aside the sword and live under the law. America decided that the path of the Mayflower should not be closed. She decided to sail the seas. She decided to sail not under an Edict of Potsdam, cramped in narrow lands, seeking safety in unarmed merchant men painted in fantastic hues as the badge of an infinite servitude; but she decided to sail under the ancient Declaration of Independence, choosing her own course, maintaining security by the guns of her ships of the LINE, flying at the mast the stars and stripes forever, the emblem of a militant liberty.
With peace has come prosperity. Burdens have been great, but the strength to bear them has been greater. The condition of those who toil is higher, better, more secure than in all the ages past. Out of the darkness of a great conflict has appeared the vision of a nearer, clearer than ever before, the life on earth and less under the deadening restraint of course more and more under the vitalizing influence of reason. Moral power has been triumphing over physical power. Education will tend to bring reason and experience of the past into the solution of the problems of the future. We must look to service and not selfishness, for service is the foundation of progress. The greatest lesson that we have to learn is to seek ever the public welfare, to build up, to maintain our American heritage.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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