OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carmagnola

Edition of 1905. See also Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
CARMAGNOLA, kär'mȧ-nyō'lȧ (from the Italian town Carmagnola) (c.1390-1432). An Italian condottiere, whose real name was Francesco Bussone. For many years he was the most important commander under Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, for whom he subdued Bergamo, Brescia, Parma, Genoa, and other cities. Having been brought by his enemies into
ill favor with the Duke, he offered his services to Venice, and led a most suceessful campaign against Milan. After the defeats of a second campaign, the Republic, suspecting treason, caused him to be beheaded. His fate has been celebrated in Manzoni's tragedy, II conte di Carmagnola (1820).
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bloomfield, N. J.

See also Bloomfield, New Jersey on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Bloomfield, N. J., a town in Essex County, on the Morris Canal, and on the Erie and the Lackawanna railway 11 miles northwest of Jersey City. Settled towards the close of the 17th century as a part of Newark County, it was separated in 1812 and incorporated a township, receiving its name in honor of Joseph Bloomfield, a revolutionary general officer, who was governor of New Jersey between the years 1803-12. It has a number of attractive suburban residences, together with several important manufacturing establishments, including electric elevators, railroad brake-shoes, paper mills, hat, silk and woolen cloth factories, rubber goods, boots and shoes, pins, organs, etc. It is the seat of the German Theological Seminary of Newark (Presb.), has several notable Presbyterian churches and those of other denominations, together with a Memorial Library, one or two banks and an attractive public park. Population (1910), 15,070.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Blue Ridge

See also Blue Ridge Mountains on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Blue Ridge, the range of the Alleghenies which lies nearest to the Atlantic Ocean, and extends in a northeast and southwest direction through Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia. The spur in Pennsylvania is called South Mountain. From the James River to the line of North Carolina the ridge is called the Allegheny Mountain.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Blue Warbler

See also Bluejay on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Blue Warbler. See Blue Jay.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bogota

See also Bogotá on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Bogota (bo′ go-ta), the capital of the Republic of Colombia or New Granada, stands on a tableland of 450 square miles in area, at an elevation of 8,694 feet above the sea and is surrounded by mountains. The city was founded by the Spaniards in 1538, and has a population of 150,000. Although the surrounding plain is fertile and the mountains abound in valuable minerals, such as iron, coal and salt, and probably the precious metals, yet as a rule the people are greatly impoverished in consequence of the difficulty of transportation across the mountains. There are at present few manufactures. The city teems with churches and possesses, besides a fine capitol and other official buildings, a mint, a university, a number of schools, a free library, observatory, two theaters and several museums. It also supports forty journals, so that its people claim for their city the title of the Athens of South America.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Boerhaave, Hermann

See also Herman Boerhaave on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Boerhaave (bōr' häv or bo͞or' hä-ve), Hermann, the most famous physician of the 18th century, was born near Leyden in 1668. After a long and thorough course of study, he was appointed lecturer on the theory of medicine at the University of Leyden. He devoted himself to chemistry, mathematics and botany, and besides his work in his own line he was for a time engrossed by these studies. He published several works on medicine and a work on chemistry. He became known throughout Europe, and patients and students flocked to him from all countries. Peter the Great visited him and received instruction from him, and the story is told that a Chinese mandarin sent him a letter addressed “Boerhaave, celebrated physician, Europe.” He was a brilliant lecturer, and his personal character was admirable. After his death, in 1738, the city of Leyden raised a monument to his memory in the church of St. Peter, inscribed “To the Health-giving Skill of Boerhaave.”
# The New Student's Reference Work/Bohemia

See also Bohemia on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Bohe'mia, formerly one of the kingdoms of Europe, now the most northern province of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. It has an area of 20,060 square miles, or considerably less than West Virginia, and a population of 6,318,697. It contains nearly 400 cities, of which the largest is Prague, the capital of the kingdom and third city of the empire, with a population of 201,589. The country is enclosed on all sides by lofty mountains, which abound in mineral wealth, silver, tin, copper, iron, porcelain, clay, etc., while more coal is mined in the kingdom than in all the other provinces of the Austrian empire. The Elbe and its numerous branches water the soil, and grains and fruits are extensively raised. Its manufactures are important; dyeing and calico printing, linen making and flax spinning, glass works (which afford work to 27,000 persons) being among the principal industries. The Elbe and Moldau, an extensive canal, good roads and a system of railroads of nearly 3,000 miles in extent supply the means of carrying on a large transit trade. The people are mainly Czechs, Germans and Jews. Among them education is much more wide-spread than in any of the other provinces of Austria. The University of Prague has over 3,000 students, and there are a large number of other schools. Bohemia sends 110 members to the lower house of the Austrian reichsrath or parliament of the western part of the empire. It has a provincial diet of 242 members, competent to legislate on all matters not reserved to the reichsrath. The Czechs, a Slavic race, came into the country as early as the 5th century, A. D., driving out the earlier inhabitants. From that time Bohemia came under the power of various nations, and was at one time an elective kingdom; but in 1526 it became a part of Austria, and its history since that time has merged with that of Austria. There has been for some years a continual struggle between the Germans and the Czechs for supremacy. The Czech language is one of the most cultivated of the Slavonic dialects, and recently there has been a revival in its study as well as in Bohemian literature. The martyr John Hus was a Bohemian.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Blue Laws

See also Blue Laws on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Blue Laws, a name sometimes given to the early laws of the New England states, especially of the New Haven colony. The appellation probably came from the strictness and severity of the early rules of the Puritans. No such distinct system of laws as the blue laws, however, existed in New Haven.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Boar

See also Boar on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Boar, the male of swine or, when applied to the wild stock of swine, used for either sex. Its native country is the Old World, where the wild stock abounds in parts of Europe, in Asia and in Africa. The domestic breeds of swine are all probably descendants of the wild stock. The wild boar is a large, powerful beast, measuring about four feet in length. Its color is dark brown. It comes from its place of concealment at night, feeding on roots, herbs, grubs etc. Boar-hunting has long been considered one of the most exciting sports of the chase. It was once a favorite sport in England, and is still practiced in parts of Europe, India and Syria. In some places toils and nets are used; in others dogs, which bring the boar to bay, when he is killed with a spear or a knife. When at bay he is very dangerous, and will display remarkable courage and tenacity. The bristles are in demand for brushes.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Boers

See also Boer on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Boers (bo͞orz), meaning “farmers,” is the name given to the Dutch colonists of South Africa, who are engaged in agriculture and cattle-raising. As early as the 17th century their first settlement was made at the Cape of Good Hope (1652), and they still have the old Dutch characteristics, especially the love of freedom, with an added energy and recklessness, although they have mixed to some extent with other races. The Cape was ceded to England in 1814, and in 1835 the Boers, not liking the new government, as it prohibited the holding of slaves, went northward in bands and occupied Natal, the Orange Free State and the Transvaal. They seized the land of the natives, whom they reduced to a sort of servitude. They are an interesting people, sober, industrious, good horsemen and splendid marksmen. See Natal, Orange River Colony and Transvaal.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Francis Xavier

See also the disclaimer.
​ Francis Xavier. See Xavier.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Franconia Mountains

See also the disclaimer.
​ Franco′nia Mountains. See White Mountains.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Franklin (Tenn.)

See also Franklin, Tennessee on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Frank′lin, a town of Williamson County, Tenn., is situated 18 miles south of Nashville on the L. and N. Railroad. Franklin has planing and flour-mills, carriage-factories and several steam cotton-gins. It has public schools, and here are located Tennessee Female College, established in 1856; Harpeth Male Academy and a Masonic Temple. Population 2,924. An important battle was fought here on Nov. 30, 1864, between the Union forces under General J. M. Schofield and the Confederate troops under General J. B. Hood. After a hard-fought battle, General Hood was repulsed with a loss of 6,000 men, while the Union army lost 2,300 men.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Francis d' Assisi

See also Francis of Assisi on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Francis d' Assisi (ȧs-sē′zḗ), founder of the Franciscan order and a saint of the Roman Catholic church, was born in 1182. In his early years he was remarkable for his love of gayety; but sickness turned his thoughts from earth, and he at once commenced the practice of the strictest forms of religious discipline. He submitted to humiliations without number. By 1210 he had ii followers, and he then drew up a set of rules for their guidance. The order was approved by Pope Innocent III in 1210, and in 1212 the Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli was assigned as their home. At the first general assembly, held in 1219, 5,000 members were present. From the sultan of Egypt Francis obtained for his order the guardianship of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which it still retains. Francis died at Assisi, on Oct. 4, 1226, and was canonized by Gregory IX in 1228. See Mrs. Oliphant's Francis d' Assisi and Sabatier's life of him.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Franciscans

See also Franciscan on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Francis′cans, also called Minorites or Lesser Brethren, a religious order of the Roman Catholic church, founded by Francis d'Assisi in 1210. The head of the order is called the general and lives in Rome. It is the parent of many religious institutions, the earliest being Observantists, known for their more strict observance of the rules; the Conventuals are the less rigid party. Another offshoot is the Capuchins, founded in the 16th century. There also are several orders of nuns in the Franciscan institute, the Little Clares, Capuchins and Urbanists being well-known. As a literary order they have been eminent in the theological sciences. The order supplied the papal throne with Nicholas IV, Alexander V, Sixtus IV, Sixtus V and Clement XIV. See Jessopp's The Coming of the Friars.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Frankfort-on-the-Main

See also Frankfurt on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Frankfort-on-the-Main, a city of Prussia, once a free city, is situated on the right bank of the Main, 22 miles from its junction with the Rhine at Mainz. There are seven bridges across the Main at Frankfort, one of them built in 1342. The city has been extended and improved, the fortifications being replaced by ornamental promenades and the river bordered by broad quays. One of the squares is adorned with a statue of Goethe, its most celebrated citizen, and the Gutenberg monument ​commemorates the invention of printing. The exchange, opera-house, museums, art-galleries, public library, two conservatories of music and the central station, one of the largest and handsomest railroad-stations in Europe, are among the modern buildings. Frankfort is a wealthy city, having always had a large trade in iron and steel-goods, leather, skins, coal, wine and beer, sewing machines, soap and perfumery. Its chief importance, however, is due to its being one of the money-markets in the world. It was the home of the Rothschilds, and their ancestral house is now the sole relic of the famous Jew-street of Frankfort. It is said to owe its name to Charlemagne, who here led his Franks across a ford of the river Main; and from 843 to 889 it was the capital of his kingdom. It was the first free city of the German empire, and the most important. It was long famous as the place of the election of the German emperors, and the town-house contains the imperial hall where each newly elected emperor held a public banquet. The coronation took place in the Cathedral of St. Bartholomew, which also contains the chapel in which the electors voted. The North German Diet met at Frankfort from 1816 to 1866. Frankfort became Protestant in 1530; lost its independence in the Confederation of the Rhine; became free again in 1816; but in 1866 was taken by Prussia. The peace of Frankfort, which ended the Franco-German War, was signed here in May, 1871. Population 414,598.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Frankincense

See also Frankincense on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Frank′incense, a name used to designate fragrant, resinous substances, which give off a strong odor in burning and are used in religious services. That of the Jews and ancient Greeks and Romans is known as olibanum. The natural gum of several kinds of trees, as the fir, is the common frankincense.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Frankfort

See also Frankfort, Kentucky on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Frank′fort, the capital of Kentucky, is situated on the Kentucky River, 29 miles northwest of Lexington. It is noted for its beautiful scenery, has well-paved streets and several parks. Frankfort has an admirable public-school system, and other educational institutions are a young ladies' seminary and a military school. It contains the state-house, the state-library, the penitentiary and a beautiful cemetery. It has a large lumber-trade, and manufactures lumber-products, twine, pottery etc. Frankfort has the service of three railroads and a population of 10,465.
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 16

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    82.Definitions of "patented articles" and "patentee"
    83.General principles applicable to working of patented inventions
    84.Compulsory licences
    85.Matters to be taken into account in granting compulsory licences
    86.Endorsement of patent with the words "Licences of right"
    87.Certain patents deemed to be endorsed with the words "Licences of right"
    88.Effect of endorsement of patent with the words "Licences of right"
    89.Revocation of patents by the Controller for non-working
    90.When reasonable requirements of the public deemed not satisfied
    91.Power of Controller to adjourn applications for compulsory licences, etc., in certain cases
    92. Procedure for dealing with applications under section 84, 86 and 89
    93.Powers of Controller in granting compulsory licences
    94.General purposes for granting compulsory licences
    95.Terms and conditions of compulsory licences
    96.Licensing of related patents.
    97.Special provision for compulsory licences on notification by Central Government
    98. Order for licence to operate as a deed between parties concerned
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 18

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    104.Jurisdiction
    105.Power of court to make declaration as to non-infringement
    106.Power of court to grant relief in cases of groundless threats of infringement proceedings
    107.Defences, etc., in suits for infringement
    108.Relief’s in suits for infringement
    109.Right of exclusive licensee to take proceedings against infringement
    110.Right of licensee under section 84 to take proceedings against infringement
    111.Restriction on power of court to grant damages or account of profits for infringement
    112.Restriction on power of court to grant injunction in certain cases
    113.Certificate of validity of specification and costs of subsequent suits for infringement thereof
    114.Relief for infringement of partially valid specification
    115.Scientific advisers
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 19

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    116.Appeals
    117.Procedure for hearing of appeals
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 22

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 3

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    6. Persons entitled to apply for patents.
    7. Form of application
    8. Information and undertaking regarding foreign applications
    9. Provisional and complete specifications
    10.Contents of specifications
    11.Priority dates of claims of a complete specification
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 2

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    3. What are not inventions
    4.Inventions relating to atomic energy not patentable
    5. Inventions where only methods or processes of manufacture patentable.
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 17

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    99.Meaning of use of invention for purposes of Government
    100. Power of Central Government to use inventions for purposes of Government
    101.Rights of third parties in respect of use of invention for purposes of Government
    102.Acquisition of inventions and patents by the Central Government
    103.Reference to High Court of disputes as to use for purposes of Government
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 21

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    125.Register of patent agents
    126.Qualifications for registration as patent agents
    127.Rights of patent agents
    128.Subscription and verification of certain documents by patent agents
    129. Restrictions on practice as patent agents
    130.Removal from register of patent agents and restoration
    131.Power of Controller to refuse to deal with certain agents
    132.Savings in respect of other persons authorised to act as agents
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 4

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    12. Examination of application
    13. Search for anticipation by previous publication and by prior claim
    14. Consideration of report of Examiner by Controller
    15. Power of Controller to refuse or require amended applications in certain cases
    16. Power of Controller to make orders respecting division of application
    17. Power of Controller to make orders respecting dating of application
    18. Power of Controller in cases of anticipation
    19. Powers of Controller in case of potential infringement
    20. Power of Controller to make orders regarding substitution of applicants, etc.
    21. Time for putting application in order for acceptance
    22. Acceptance of complete specification
    23. Advertisement of acceptance of complete specification
    24. Effect of acceptance of complete specification
# The Patents Act, 1970/Chapter 20

(This is still copyrighted in India through 31 December 2030 pursuant to Indian Copyright Law.)
    118.Contravention of secrecy provisions relating to certain inventions
    119.Falsification of entries in register, etc.
    120.Unauthorised claim of patent rights
    121.Wrongful use of words "patent office"
    122.Refusal or failure to supply information
    123.Practice by non-registered patent agents
    124.Offences by companies
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Zeller - Plato's Mittheilungen iiber friihere und gleichzeitige Philosophen

Ar. f. G. Ph. = Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie
Plato's writings are less important for our knowledge of the philosophy of his predecessors and contemporaries than those of Aristotle, partly because Plato attached less worth to facts as such than Aristotle, — he is less scholar than poet. Further, the form in which his thought is cast is not adapted for considerable treatment of historical views; again, opinions are presented and discussed not in his own name, and he takes no part in the dialogue. When views of other philosophers are mentioned, it is sometimes without specification of the source; sometimes with expressed reference to the work from which the statement has been derived; and again, as if the view had no other authority than current tradition. Sokrates mentions the maxims of the Seven Wise Men (Protag., 343 A f.) and the discoveries of Thales and Anacharsis (Rep., X, 600 A) merely as something universally accepted. Z. quotes references in Theaitetos, Parmenides, Kratylos, Sophistes, Timaios, etc., to various doctrines of Plato's predecessors, which are recounted in the traditional form of historical narrative, and points out that these communications of Plato on the older philosophers are to be regarded as historical reports. Author ​distinguishes between statements of this kind and those made by the characters themselves in the dialogue. The latter require special investigation and confirmation before being regarded as true. Much of the following space is occupied with Plato's references to the Sophists. The myth, which Protagoras (Prot., 320 C ff.) recounts, has been generally regarded as taken from a writing of this Sophist. Z. defends this generally accepted view against the objection of Gomperz by a number of arguments, and cites two new passages in favor of the old interpretation: Aristotle, part. an. IV, 10. 687 a 23, and Διαλέξεις ὴθικαί (c. 5, p. 551 a, Mull.). References to doctrines of Aristippos, Antisthenes, and the many others cited by Z., show, as he points out, in what intimate relationship Plato stood to the intellectual movement of his time, and what a lively interest he took, as one of the contending parties, in its scientific conflicts.