OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Symons, Richard

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​SYMONS. (Commander, 1841.)
Richard Symons entered the Navy 2 Feb. 1821; passed his examination in 1827; obtained his first commission 19 April, 1837; and was appointed, 19 June following, to the Wellesley 72, Capt. Thos. Maitland. In that ship, which bore the flags of Sir Fred. Lewis Maitland and Sir Jas. John Gordon Bremer, he assisted in quelling an insurrection on the coast of Malabar, took part in diiferent operations on the coast of Sinde and in the Persian Gulf, and was warmly engaged during the hostilities in China. In the attack on the batteries at Chuenpee, 7 Jan. 1841, he ably managed the embarking and disembarking of the troops. On 2 March following, being then Senior of the Wellesley, he was sent with three boats to tow the Sulphur, Capt. Edw. Belcher, up the Junk river, near Whampoa, for the purpose of reconnoitring. On rounding a point on the right bank the British came in front of a low battery of 25 guns, masked by thick branches of trees, which opened a heavy fire on them. Mr. Symons instantly cut the tow-rope, and gallantly dashed into the battery, driving the enemy before him and killing several of their number. The Sulphur anchored, and some shot from her completely routed them from the thick underwood in the vicinity in which they had taken shelter; the guns were destroyed; and the magazine and other consumable materiel were set on fire. The number of the troops was about 250; und these were of the chosen Tartars. The enemy’s loss amounted to 15 or 20 killed; that of the British, whose boats were repeatedly struck by grape-shot, to 1 man mortally wounded. After contributing to the capture of Amoy, Mr. Symons, in Oct. 1841, landed with the right column under Capt. Herbert in the attack upon Chinghae. He was promoted for his services to the rank of Commander by a commission bearing date 8 June, 1841. Since his return to England he has been on half-pay. Agents – Messrs. Stilwell.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1841, p. 1163.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1841, p. 1501.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1842, p. 396.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Protheroe, Samuel Rosser

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​PROTHEROE. (Lieut., 1826. f-p., 16; h-p., 20.)
Samuel Rosser Protheroe entered the Navy, 22 Sept. 1811, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Swiftsure 74, Capts. Temple Hardy, Jeremiah Coghlan, and Wm. Stewart, stationed in the Mediterranean. In Aug. 1812 he followed Capt. Stewart as Midshipman into the Stately 64, commanded subsequently by Capt. Chas. Philip Butler Bateman, with whom, after having served off Cadiz, he removed, in April, 1813, to the Impétueux 74, attached to the force off Lisbon. In the course of the same year he joined in succession the Eridanus and Ceres frigates, Capts. Henry Prescott and Jas. Prevost, both lying at Chatham, and the Orontes 36, Capt. Nathaniel Day Cochrane, whom he accompanied to the West Indies. He was next, from Feb. 1815 until paid off in Jan. 1817, employed in the East Indies in the Horatio 38, Capt. Wm. Henry Dillon; from March, 1818, until May, 1821, on Home service (as Master’s Mate), in the Ferret and Helicon sloops, each under the orders of Capt. Wm. Pettman; and from Sept. in the latter year until July, 1826, in North America, at Plymouth, and in the West Indies (as Master’s Mate and Admiralty-Midshipman), in the Dotterel 18, Capts. Wm. Hendry and Rich. Hoare, Britannia 120, Capt. Philip Pipon, and Rattlesnake 28, Capt. John Leith. He then (having passed his examination in Feb. 1819) became Acting-Lieutenant of the Beaver 10, Capt. Joseph O’Brien, to which vessel, also on the West India station, he was confirmed 25 Aug. 1826. He returned to England and was paid off in Feb. 1828; but did not succeed in his exertions to procure further employment until Nov. 1846. He has since been in command of the Crocodile 8, receiving-ship at Cork. Agents – Messrs. Chippendale.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Prowse, William

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​PROWSE. (Commander, 1843. f-p., 29; h-p., 11.)
William Prowse entered the Navy, 27 Feb. 1807, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Excellent 74, Capt. John West. In the boats of that ship he assisted as Midshipman, in Nov. 1808, at the defence of Rosas, a citadel at the north-eastern extremity of Spain; and contributed, 29 July, 1809, under a covering fire from the Acorn and Bustard sloops, to the cutting-out, with but trifling loss to the British, of six Italian gun-vessels armed with long 18 and 24-pounders, and each manned with 20 men, together with a convoy of 10 laden trabacolos, lying in the harbour of Duino, near Trieste. Removing, in April, 1810, to the Standard 64, Capts. Aiskew Paffard Hollis and Hon. Chas. Elphinstone Fleeming, he served during the next two years and a-half in the Baltic, off the port of Cadiz, and in South America. In the Baltic we find him commanding the Standard’s barge at the capture of a Danish convoy, and, at Cadiz, serving in a boat at the defence of that place. From Dec. 1812 until May, 1814, he was employed in the Channel in the San Josef 110, Capt. Robt. Jackson, and Queen Charlotte 100, flag-ship of Lord Keith; and on 16 Aug. in the latter year, after having acted as Lieutenant in the Reynard 10, Capt. David St, Clair, and in his former ship the Queen Charlotte, he was confirmed in that rank. He served next, for a few months in 1814-15, in the Leveret sloop, Capt. Jonathan Christian, employed in escorting convoy to Lisbon; and was subsequently appointed – 24 Jan. 1824, to the Coast Blockade, in which service he continued as Supemumerary-Lieutenant of the Ramillies 74 and Hyperion 42, Capts. Wm. M‘Culloch and Wm. Jas. Mingaye, until Dec. 1828 – in March, 1829, and March, 1831, to the command of the Tartar and Rose Revenue-vessels – 3 May, 1833, to the charge of a station in the Coast Guard – 25 March, 1837, to the command of the Active, another Revenue-vessel – and, 27 March, 1840, a second time to the Coast Guard. In consideration of his long and faithful services in the Revenue, and of his having been five times severely beaten and wounded in attacks made by large bodies of smugglers, he was advanced to his present rank 11 Jan. 1843. Since 10 May, 1845, he has been serving afresh in the Coast Guard, as an Inspecting Commander.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Prowse, William Jones

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​PROWSE. (Captain, 1841. f-p., 22; h-p., 24.)
William Jones Prowse is son of the late Geo. Bragge Prowse, Esq., Lieutenant-Colonel of the 1st Somerset Regt. of Militia.
This officer entered the Navy, 15 Nov. 1801, as Third-cl. Boy, on board the Narcissus 32, Capts. Ross Donnelly and Chas. Malcolm. Under the former he was at first employed in the Mediterranean, and afterwards, as Midshipman, at the capture of the Cape of Good Hope and Buenos Ayres in Jan. and June, 1806. During his passage to the Cape he assisted in taking Le Prudent privateer of 12 guns and 70 men, in re-capturing the English merchant-ship Horatio Nelson mounting 22 guns, and in driving on shore the Napoléon privateer of 32 guns and 250 men. With Capt. Malcolm Mr. Prowse continued actively employed, as Master’s Mate, on the Channel and Lisbon stations undl transferred, in the early part of 1809, to the Captain 74, Capts. Sir Jas. Athol Wood and Christopher John Williams Nesham. Of that ship, after having witnessed the capture, on the West India station, of the French 74 D’Haupoult, he was constituted, 11 July, 1809, an Acting-Lieutenant. He had however, although the intelligence had not reached him, been promoted by the Admiralty on 22 of the preceding May. He left the Captain in Dec. of the same year, and was subsequently appointed – 1 May, 1810, and 15 June, 1812, to the Hamadryad 42 and Briton 46, both commanded by Capt. Thos. Staines, under whom he visited Newfoundland, Lisbon, St. Helena, and the Brazils, and served with activity both on the coasts of France and Spain and in the Pacific until Aug. 1815 – 24 Oct. 1816, to the Conqueror 74, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Robt. Plampin at St. Helena, where he remained, for the purpose of guarding the person of Napoleon Buonaparte, until the close of 1819 – and, 27 Oct. 1823, as First-Lieutenant (a post he had latterly filled on board the Conqueror), to the Superb 74, in which ship, commanded by Capt., then Sir Thos., Staines, he was for two years employed on the West India and Lisbon stations. Attaining the rank of Commander 27 March, 1826, Capt. Prowse, from 1 Oct. 1827 until June, 1830, served as Second Captain of the Isis 50, also commanded by Sir Thos. Staines, in the Mediterranean, where he aided in destroying several piratical vessels. He has since ​been on half-pay. He attained his present rank 23 Nov. 1841.
He married, 7 May, 1840, the Hon. Rachel Emily Irby, eldest daughter of Lord Boston, by whom he has issue two children.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Prust, Bartholomew

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​PRUST. (Lieutenant, 1822.)
Bartholomew Prust entered the Navy, 7 June, 1810, as Third-cl. Vol., on board La Nymphe 36, Capt. Edw. Sneyd Clay, on the Leith station; attained soon afterwards the rating of Midshipman; and from Jan. 1811 until July, 1814, was employed in the Baltic, Channel, North Sea, West Indies, and North America, in the Ardent 64, bearing the flags of Rear-Admirals Philip Chas. Durham and Wm. Johnstone Hope, and Asia 74 and Tonnant 80, flag-ships of Admirals Wm. Brown and Sir Alex. Cochrane. He then joined the Superb 74, in which ship, after serving for a time with Rear-Admiral Hotham on the American coast, he fought under Capt. Chas. Ekins at the battle of Algiers 27 Aug. 1816. He remained in the Superb until Sept. 1818, and was afterwards employed, again in the Mediterranean, in the Révolutionnaire 46, Capt. Hon. Fleetwood Broughton Reynolds Pellew. As Lieutenant, a rank he attained 25 March, 1822, he served, from 10 July, 1827, until 1831, in the Coast Blockade, with his name on the books of the Ramillies and Talavera 74’s, both commanded by Capt. Hugh Pigot. He has since been on half-pay.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Proctor, Edward Halhed Beauchamp

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​PROCTOR. (Commander, 1846. f-p., 14; h-p., 4.)
Edward Halhed Beauchamp Proctor is son of Geo. Edw. Beauchamp Proctor, Esq. (brother of Rear-Admiral Sir Wm. Beauchamp Proctor, Bart.), by Ellen Louisa, daughter of Robt. Halhed, Esq. This officer entered the Navy, 8 Nov. 1829, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Winchester 52, Capts. Chas. John Austen, Henry Griffith Colpoys, Lord Wm. Paget, and Hon. Wm. Wellesley, in which ship, bearing the flag of Sir Edw. Griffith Colpoys in North America and the West Indies, he continued employed as Midshipman until June, 1833. From the following Sept. until April, 1836, he served in the Favorite 18, Capt. Geo. Rodney Mundy, on the Mediterranean station, whither, in the spring of the following year, he returned as Mate (he had passed his examination 1 June, 1836) in the Princess Charlotte 104, flag-ship of Hon. Sir Robt. Stopford. In Nov. 1839, after having been for six months unemployed, he joined the Britannia 120, hearing the flag of Sir Edw. Codrington at Portsmouth; and in Feb. 1840 he there removed to the Excellent gunnery-ship, Capt. Sir Thos. Hastings. On 27 June, 1841, at which period he had been again for several months serving in the Mediterranean in the Howe 120, Capts. Sir Watkin Owen Pell and Robt. Smart, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. His succeeding appointments were – 16 Aug. 1841, to the Cyclops steam-frigate, Capt. Horatio Thos. Austin, also in the Mediterranean, whence he returned in May, 1843 – for a short time in the after part of that year, again to the Cyclops, commanded as before, and to the Stromboli steamer, Capt. Hon. Edw. Plunkett, both in the Channel – and, 14 Feb. and 26 Nov. 1845, to the command, on the Home and South American stations, of the Dwarf and Harpy steamers. For his services in the river Parana, particularly on 11 May, 1846, he was advanced, 11 Nov. following, to the rank of Commander. The Harpy on the occasion was exposed for more than an hour, within a distance of about 60 yards, to a galling fire from the forts of San Lorenzo, in the possession of General Rosas, and was greatly cut up; and he himself, the only person hurt, wounded by a round shot in the fleshy part of the right arm.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Curioso Indiscreto, Il

From volume 1 of the work.
​CURIOSO INDISCRETO, IL. An opera of Anfossi's, produced at Milan in 1778; of little interest for the present day, except for the fact that Mozart added three songs to it on the occasion of its performance at Vienna in 1783. Two of these, 'Vorrei spiegarvi' and 'No, no, no' (bravura), were for Madame Lange; the third, 'Per pieta non ricercate,' was for Adamberger, but owing to a trick of Salieri's was not sung (Köchel, 418, 419, 420).
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Curschmann, Karl

From volume 1 of the work.
[ A.M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cushion Dance

From volume 1 of the work.
​CUSHION DANCE (i.e. possibly 'kissing-dance'). An old English dance, dating from the beginning of the 16th century—especially used at weddings. The curious old melody is as follows:—
[ E. P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cusanino

From volume 1 of the work.
​CUSANINO. See Carestini.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cuvillon, Jean de

From volume 1 of the work.
[ P. D. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cusins, William

From volume 1 of the work.
​CUSINS, William George, was born in London, Oct. 14, 1833, and in his tenth year entered the Chapel Royal, as so many good English musicians have done before him. In 1844 he entered the Brussels Conservatoire under Fétis for the study of the piano, violin, and harmony. In 47 he gained the King's Scholarship at the R. A. M. of London, where his Professors were Potter, Sterndale Bennett, Lucas, and Sainton. In 49 his scholarship was prolonged for two years and he made his first appearance in public as a piano player in Mendelssohn's D minor Concerto, and as composer with a MS. overture. In 49 he was appointed organist to the Queen's Private Chapel, and entered the orchestras of the Royal Italian Opera and the principal concerts of London, in which he played the violin for about five years. In 51 he was appointed Assistant Professor at the R. A. M. and afterwards Professor. In 67 he became Conductor of the Philharmonic Society, vice Sir W. Sterndale Bennett resigned. In 70 he was appointed Master of the Music to the Queen; in 75 succeeded Bennett as examining Professor at Queen's College; and in 76 became joint examiner, with Mr. Hullah and Mr. O. Goldschmidt, of scholarships for the National Training School of Music. Besides these posts Mr. Cusins has been often before the public as a player and concert giver, having amongst other places performed at the Gewandhaus Leipzig, and at Berlin, as well as the Philharmonic [App. p.602 "he resigned the Philharmonic appointment in 1883"] and Crystal Palace at home. His works, if not numerous, are all on an important scale:—Royal Wedding Serenata (1863); Gideon, an oratorio (Gloucester, 1871); two Concert overtures, 'Les Travailleurs de la Mer' (1869), 'Love's Labour's Lost' (1875); Piano Concerto in A minor; besides marches, songs, etc.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cutler, William

From volume 1 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Cutell, Richard

From volume 1 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A History of the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania

* related portals: General medicine, University of Pennsylvania, American History.
* related authors: George B. Wood, Benjamin Rush, John Morgan (Physician).
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
Early history of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston)

### The beginnings of America's first medical school (excerpt):

In [Dr. Morgan's] address will be found an exposition of the nature and scope of medical science; a sketch of the departments of which it is composed, with the reasons for their special cultivation; an advocacy of classical, literary, and general scientific attainments on the part of the student of medicine, and, what is pertinent to the purpose, the demonstration that to be effectively taught “a coalition is required of able men, who would undertake to give complete and regular courses of lectures on the different branches of medicine.” In connection with his statements, the author insists especially upon the advantages presented by the city of Philadelphia, to which even then students resorted, attracted as well by the reputation of its practitioners, as by the facilities for clinical instruction afforded them in the hospital.
In this literary and scientific performance, a prognostication was uttered which has been fully realized, viz: “Perhaps this Medical Institution, the first of its kind in America, though small in its beginning, may receive a constant increase of strength and annually exert new vigor. It may collect a number of young persons of more than ordinary abilities, and so improve their knowledge as to spread its reputation to distant parts. By sending these abroad duly qualified, or by exciting an emulation amongst men of parts and literature, it may give birth to other useful institutions of a similar nature, or occasional rise, by its example, to numerous societies of different kinds calculated to spread the light of knowledge through the whole American continent wherever inhabited.”
A HISTORY
OF THE
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
FROM ITS
FOUNDATION IN 1765
WITH
SKETCHES OF THE LIVES OF DECEASED PROFESSORS.
BY
JOSEPH CARSON, M.D.,
PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA; MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, ETC.
PHILADELPHIA:
LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON
1869.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
CHAPTER II.
CHAPTER III.
CHAPTER IV.
CHAPTER V.
CHAPTER VI.
CHAPTER VII.
CHAPTER VIII.
CHAPTER IX.
CHAPTER X.
CHAPTER XI.
CHAPTER XII.
CHAPTER XIII.
CHAPTER XIV.
CHAPTER XV.
CHAPTER XVI.
CHAPTER XVII.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mitchell, John

Mitchell, John (1815-1875). -- Journalist and political writer, s. of a Presbyterian minister, was b. in Ulster. For some time he practised as a solicitor, but becoming acquainted with Thomas Davis (q.v.), he associated himself with the Young Ireland party, and was a leading contributor to the Nation newspaper. His political sympathies and acts were carried so far as to bring about in 1848 his trial for treason-felony, and his transportation for 14 years. After his release he resided chiefly at New York, and ed. various papers, and opposed the abolition of slavery; but in 1874 he was elected M.P. for Tipperary, for which, however, he was declared incapable of sitting. On a new election he was again returned, but d. before the resulting petition could be heard. He wrote a Jail Journal, a work of great power, The Last Conquest of Ireland (perhaps) (1860), and a History of Ireland of little value.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mitford, William

Mitford, William (1744-1827). -- Historian, e.s. of John M. of Exbury, Hants, descended from an old Northumbrian family, was b. in London, and ed. at Cheam School and Oxf. He studied law, but on succeeding to the family estates devoted himself to study and literature, and to his duties as an officer of the militia. His first pub. was an Essay on the Harmony of Language (1774). His great work, The History of Greece, is said to have been undertaken at the suggestion of Gibbon, who was a fellow-officer in the South Hants Militia. This work, the successive vols. of page 275which appeared at considerable intervals between 1784 and 1810, was long a standard one, though it is now largely superseded by the histories of Thirwall and Grote. M. wrote with strong prejudices against democracy, and in defence of tyrants, but his style is forcible and agreeable, and he brought learning and research to bear on his subject. He sat for many years in Parliament.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Moir, David Macbeth

Moir, David Macbeth (1798-1851). -- Poet and miscellaneous writer, was a doctor at Musselburgh, near Edin., and a frequent contributor, under the signature of Δ, to Blackwood's Magazine in which appeared Mansie Waugh, a humorous Scottish tale. He also wrote The Legend of Genevieve (1824), Domestic Verses (1843), and sketches of the poetry of the earlier half of the 19th century. His poetry was generally grave and tender, but occasionally humorous.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Montagu, Elizabeth

Montagu, Elizabeth (ROBINSON) (1720-1800).—Critic, dau. of a gentleman of Yorkshire, m. a grandson of Lord Sandwich. She was one of the original "blue-stockings," and her house was a literary centre. She wrote an Essay on the Writings and Genius of Shakespeare (1769), in which she compared him with the classical and French dramatists, and defended him against the strictures of Voltaire. It had great fame in its day, but has long been superseded.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mitford, Mary Russell

Mitford, Mary Russell (1787-1855). -- Poetess and novelist, b. at Alresford, Hants, dau. of a physician, without practice, selfish and extravagant, who ran through three fortunes, his own, his wife's, and his daughter's, and then lived on the industry of the last. After a vol. of poems which attracted little notice, she produced her powerful tragedy, Julian. In 1812, what ultimately became the first vol. of Our Village appeared in the Lady's Magazine. To this four additional vols. were added, the last in 1832. In this work Miss M. may be said to have created a new branch of literature. Her novel, Belford Regis (1835), is somewhat on the same lines. She added two dramas, Rienzi (1828), and Foscari, Atherton and other Tales (1852), and Recollections of a Literary Life, and d. at her cottage at Swallowfield, much beloved for her benevolent and simple character, as well as valued for her intellectual powers.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Monboddo, James Burnett, Lord

Monboddo, James Burnett, Lord (1714-1799). -- Philosopher and philologist, b. at the family seat in Kincardineshire, was ed. at the Univ. of Aberdeen, Edin., and Groningen, and called to the Scottish Bar in 1737. Thirty years later he became a judge with the title of Lord Monboddo. He was a man of great learning and acuteness, but eccentric and fond of paradox. He was the author of two large works alike learned and whimsical, An Essay on the Origin and Progress of Language (6 vols. 1773-92), and Ancient Metaphysics (6 vols. 1779-99). He mooted and supported the theory that men were originally monkeys, and gradually attained to reason, language, and civilisation by the pressure of necessity. His doctrines do not sound so absurd now as they did in his own day. He was visited by Dr. Johnson at Monboddo.