OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Seward Peninsula

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SEWARD PENINSULA, the most western part of Alaska. It has an area of about 22,700 square miles. The coast is low, but there are hills in the interior which are covered with forests of spruce. It includes an important gold mining region, including Nome, Anvil Creek, and Ophir Creek. The gold is obtained almost entirely from placer mining and over $70,000,000 worth has been taken from the district. The production in 1919 was near $6,000,000. The peninsula is divided into five mining districts, Nome, Council, Kougarok, Fairhaven, and Port Clarence. In recent years gold lodes have been discovered, and placer mining is being superceded. Tin is found in the Cape York region. Coal also exists but has not yet been mined. Nome is the chief settlement. Others are Candle, Deering, Teller, Wales, and Sinuk.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Sherman, Roger

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
SHERMAN, ROGER, an American statesman; born in Newton, Mass., April 19, 1721; was early apprenticed to a shoemaker, and continued in that trade till 1743, when he removed to New Milford, Conn., and engaged in mercantile business with his brother. In 1745 he was appointed surveyor for his county, and not long afterward furnished the astronomical observations for an almanac published in New York. He was admitted to the bar in 1754; was several times elected to the Colonial Assembly; and in 1759 became judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Having removed to New Haven, Conn., in 1761, he became judge of the Common Pleas there in 1765, and a member of the upper house of the Legislature. He was a member of the Continental and National Congress in 1774–1791; one of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, of which he was a signer; and in 1787, in conjunction with Dr. Samuel Johnson and Oliver Ellsworth, served as a delegate to the convention charged with the duty of framing the Federal Constitution. He died in New Haven, Conn., July 23, 1793.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brandy

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRANDY, a spirit produced by the distillation of both white and red wines, prepared chiefly in the south of France. A brandy highly esteemed is that of Cognac, which is obtained by distilling white wines of the finest quality. An inferior kind of spirit is frequently prepared from the “marc” of grapes and the refuse of wine vats. When first distilled it is as colorless as alcohol, and continues so if kept in bottles or jars. When stored in casks, however, it acquires from the wood a pale amber tint, and in this state is sold as pale brandy. The dark color of brown brandy is produced artificially, to please the public taste, by means of a solution of caramel. The development of viticulture in the Western States, particularly in California, enabled American enterprise to produce a brandy that was a formidable rival to the French article. Genuine brandy consists of alcohol and water, with small quantities of œnanthic ether, acetic ether, and other volatile bodies produced in the process of fermentation. The value of brandy as a medicine depends on the presence of these ethers and other volatile products; when, therefore, it is adulterated with raw grain spirit and water, the amount of these ethers is so reduced that the brandy becomes almost valueless for medical purposes.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brandywine Creek

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRANDYWINE CREEK, in Pennsylvania and Delaware, is formed of two forks, the E. and W., which effect a junction in Chester co. of the first named
State, and, taking a S. E. course, empties into Christiana creek at Wilmington. Here, Sept. 11, 1777, was fought a severe battle between the British and German troops, 18,000 strong, under Howe, and the Americans numbering 13,000 men, under Washington, in which the latter were defeated. The consequence of this battle was the occupation of Philadelphia by the British troops.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brant, Joseph

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRANT, JOSEPH, a Mohawk chief, born in Ohio in 1742. He participated in the campaign of 1755, and held the post of secretary to Col. Johnson, superintendent-general of Indian affairs. On the outbreak of the American Revolution, Brant raised an Indian force to oppose the colonists, and was present at the action of Cherry Valley. He tried to prevent the confederation of the Indian tribes, previous to Gen. Wayne's expedition, and opposed peace between them and the United States. Brant was, however, a brave and intelligent chief. In 1786 he visited England, there published the “Book of Common Prayer,” and the “Gospel of St. Mark,” in Mohawk and English, and collected funds for an Anglican Church, the first erected in Canada West. He passed his last years at Burlington Bay, on an estate granted him by the British Government. One of Brant's sons commanded a mixed Canadian and Indian force during the War of 1812. He died in Canada, Nov. 29, 1807.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Bremer, Fredrika

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BREMER, FREDRIKA (brā′mer), a Swedish novelist, was born at Tuorla, Finland, Aug. 17, 1801; was brought up at Arsta, about 20 miles from Stockholm. In 1828 appeared the first volume of her “Sketches of Everyday Life,” but the second volume, “The H. Family” (1833; English translation, 1844), first revealed her power. From this time she devoted herself to writing stories and varied her literary labor by long journeys in Italy, England, the United States, Greece, Palestine, which supplied the materials for her “Homes of the New World” (1853), and “Life in the Old World” (1862). On her return to Sweden she gave herself up to philanthropy, but more particularly to the education and emancipation of women, and the consequent propagandist character of her later novels, “Bertha,” and “Father and Daughter” (1859), was detrimental in no small degree to their literary value. She has been called the Jane Austen of Sweden. Of her stories perhaps the most perfect is “The Neighbors” (1837). “The Diary,” “The President's Daughters,” “Brothers and Sisters,” and “Strife and Peace,” are only less popular. She died in Arsta, Dec. 31, 1865.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brandling

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRANDLING, a species of fish, the parr or young of the salmon, so named from its markings being, as it were, branded. The name is also given to a small, red worm used for bait in fresh-water fishing.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Browne, Junius Henri

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BROWNE, JUNIUS HENRI, an American journalist, born in Seneca Falls, N. Y., in 1833. He resided in New York City. Among his works are “Four Years in Secessia” (1865); “The Great Metropolis, a Mirror of New York” (1869); “Sights and Sensations in Europe” (1872). He died in 1902.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Bridgeport

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRIDGEPORT, a consolidated town and city, and one of the county-seats of Fairfield co., Conn.; on Long Island Sound, at the mouth of the Pequonnock river, and on the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad; 18 miles S. W. of New Haven. The city is built on a plain on each side of the river, the E. portion being named East Bridgeport, and the W., lying back of the plain, rising to an elevation of about 70 feet above high water, is known as Golden Hill, and contains many elegant residences. There are public parks, the most attractive of which is Seaside Park on the shore, having a sea-wall and a picturesque drive, and containing a Soldiers' Monument and a statue of Elias Howe. The portion of the city known as Black Rock is a much frequented resort during the summer months. Bridgeport contains many churches and chapels, a well endowed public library, and many other public buildings. Among these are a United States Government building, containing the postofRce and custom-house departments; the County Court House; a Y. M. C. A. building; the Barnum Memorial Institute, bequeathed jointly to the Historical and Scientific Societies; several hospitals, and an orphan asylum and widows' home. The city is noted for its large manufacturing interests, and is the seat of the Singer sewing machine, the Union Metallic Cartridge works, the Remington Arms Co., and many other establishments of the first class. During the World War Bridgeport was one of the chief manufacturing centers of the country. The principal manufactures besides those mentioned are carriages, furniture, bicycles, typewriters, hardware, monumental bronze, cutlery, wire, silk, corsets, brass goods and other commodities. In 1919 there were 3 National banks. Bridgeport was settled in 1670, under the name of Fairfield village, and was incorporated as a city in 1836. Pop. (1910) 102,054; (1920) 143,555.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brown, John (abolitionist)

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BROWN, JOHN, an American opponent of slavery, born in Torrington, Conn., May 9, 1800. He early conceived a hatred for slavery, and, having removed to Osawatomie, Kan., in 1855, he took an active part against the proslavery party. In the summer of 1859 he rented a farmhouse about 6 miles from Harper's Ferry, and organized a plot to liberate the slaves of Virginia. On Oct. 16, he, with the aid of about 20 friends, surprised and captured the arsenal at Harper's Ferry, but was wounded and taken prisoner by the Virginia militia next day; and was tried and executed at Charlestown, Dec. 2, 1859.
JOHN BROWN, ABOLITIONIST
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Browning, Elizabeth Barrett

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BROWNING, ELIZABETH BARRETT, an English poet, born in Durham, March 6, 1809. In September, 1846, she married Robert Browning. Her chief poems are “The Seraphim” (1838); “Romaunt of the Page” (1839); “The Drama of Exile” (1844); “A Vision of Poets” (1844); “The Cry of the Children” (1844); “Casa Guidi Windows” (1851); “Aurora Leigh” (1856). Her “Sonnets from the Portuguese” are among the noblest of love poems. The “Romance of the Swan's Nest,” the “Rhyme of the Duchess May,” the “Romaunt of Margret,” “Bertha in the Lane,” and “Isabel's Child,” are romantic and original ballads. “Prometheus Bound,” a metrical translation of Æschylus, was published in 1850. She died in Florence, June 30, 1861.
ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Brandt, Sebastian

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
BRANDT, SEBASTIAN, a German author, born in Strassburg, in 1458; studied law and the classics at Basel, where he received permission to teach; and soon became one of the most influential lecturers. The Emperor Maximilian appointed him an imperial councilor. His fame rests wholly upon “The Ship of Fools,” a satire on the follies and vices of the time (1494). Its distinguishing note is its abounding humor; but it owed its great popular success very largely to the clever woodcuts with which it was illustrated. It was translated into several European languages. The English translation by Henry Watson appeared in 1517. Brandt died in Strassburg in 1521.
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2009-04-17/Schedule 4

Schedule 4
Functional Areas of Concurrent National and Provincial Legislative Competence
Part A
Administration of indigenous forests
Agriculture
Airports other than international and national airports
Animal control and diseases
Casinos, racing, gambling and wagering, excluding lotteries and sports pools
Consumer protection
Cultural matters
Disaster management
Education at all levels, excluding tertiary education
Environment
Health services
Housing
Indigenous law and customary law, subject to Chapter 12 of the Constitution
Industrial promotion
Language policy and the regulation of official languages to the extent that the provisions of section 6 of the Constitution expressly confer upon the provincial legislatures legislative competence
Media services directly controlled or provided by the provincial government, subject to section 192
Nature conservation, excluding national parks, national botanical gardens and marine resources
Police to the extent that the provisions of Chapter 11 of the Constitution confer upon the provincial legislatures legislative competence
Pollution control
Population development
Property transfer fees
Provincial public enterprises in respect of the functional areas in this Schedule and Schedule 5
Public transport
Public works only in respect of the needs of provincial government departments in the discharge of their responsibilities to administer functions specifically assigned to them in terms of the Constitution or any other law
Regional planning and development
​Road traffic regulation
Soil conservation
Tourism
Trade
Traditional leadership, subject to Chapter 12 of the Constitution
Urban and rural development
Vehicle licensing
Welfare services
Part B
The following local government matters to the extent set out in section 155(6)(a) and (7):
Air pollution
Building regulations
Child care facilities
Electricity and gas reticulation
Firefighting services
Local tourism
Municipal airports
Municipal planning
Municipal health services
Municipal public transport
Municipal public works only in respect of the needs of municipalities in the discharge of their responsibilities to administer functions specifically assigned to them under this Constitution or any other law
Pontoons, ferries, jetties, piers and harbours, excluding the regulation of international and national shipping and matters related thereto
Stormwater management systems in built-up areas
Trading regulations
Water and sanitation services limited to potable water supply systems and domestic waste-water and sewage disposal systems
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2013-08-23

This is the text of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, as amended on 23 August 2013 by the Constitution Seventeenth Amendment Act of 2012, which was brought into force on that date by Proclamation No. R. 35 of 2013.
To introduce a new Constitution for the Republic of South Africa and to provide for matters incidental thereto
as amended by
Constitution First Amendment Act of 1997 Constitution Second Amendment Act of 1998 Constitution Third Amendment Act of 1998 Constitution Fourth Amendment Act of 1999 Constitution Fifth Amendment Act of 1999 Constitution Sixth Amendment Act of 2001 Constitution Seventh Amendment Act of 2001 Constitution Eighth Amendment Act of 2002 Constitution Ninth Amendment Act of 2002 Constitution Tenth Amendment Act of 2003 Constitution Eleventh Amendment Act of 2003 Constitution Twelfth Amendment Act of 2005 Constitution Thirteenth Amendment Act of 2007 Constitution Fourteenth Amendment Act of 2008 Constitution Fifteenth Amendment Act of 2008 Constitution Sixteenth Amendment Act of 2009 Constitution Seventeenth Amendment Act of 2012
Contents
* Preamble
* Chapter 1
* Founding Provisions
* Chapter 2
* Bill of Rights
* Chapter 3
* Co-operative Government
* Chapter 4
* Parliament
* Chapter 5
* The President and National Executive
* Chapter 6
* Provinces
* Chapter 7
* Local Government
* Chapter 8
* Courts and Administration of Justice
* Chapter 9
* State Institutions Supporting Constitutional Democracy
* Chapter 10
* Public Administration
* Chapter 11
* Security Services
* Chapter 12
* Traditional Leaders
* Chapter 13
* Finance
* Chapter 14
* General Provisions
* Schedule 1
* National Flag
* Schedule 1A
* Geographical Areas of Provinces
* Schedule 2
* Oaths and Solemn Affirmations
* Schedule 3
* Election Procedures
* Schedule 4
* Functional Areas of Concurrent National and Provincial Legislative Competence
* Schedule 5
* Functional Areas of Exclusive Provincial Competence
* Schedule 6
* Transitional Arrangements
* Schedule 7
* Laws Repealed
Preamble
We, the people of South Africa,
Recognise the injustices of our past;
Honour those who suffered for justice and freedom in our land;
Respect those who have worked to build and develop our country; and
Believe that South Africa belongs to all who live in it, united in our diversity.
We therefore, through our freely elected representatives, adopt this Constitution as the supreme law of the Republic so as to—
Heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights;
Lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which government is based on the will of the people and every citizen is equally protected by law;
Improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person; and
Build a united and democratic South Africa able to take its rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of nations.
May God protect our people.
Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika. Morena boloka setjhaba sa heso. God seën Suid-Afrika. God bless South Africa. Mudzimu fhatutshedza Afurika. Hosi katekisa Afrika.
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2013-08-23/Chapter 1

Chapter 1
Founding Provisions
Republic of South Africa
1.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Supremacy of Constitution
2.
Citizenship
3.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(3)
National anthem
4.
National flag
5.
Languages
6.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(4)
(5)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2009-04-17/Schedule 5

Schedule 5
Functional Areas of Exclusive Provincial Legislative Competence
Part A
Abattoirs
Ambulance services
Archives other than national archives
Libraries other than national libraries
Liquor licences
Museums other than national museums
Provincial planning
Provincial cultural matters
Provincial recreation and amenities
Provincial sport
Provincial roads and traffic
Veterinary services, excluding regulation of the profession
Part B
The following local government matters to the extent set out for provinces in section 155(6)(a) and (7):
Beaches and amusement facilities
Billboards and the display of advertisements in public places
Cemeteries, funeral parlours and crematoria
Cleansing
Control of public nuisances
Control of undertakings that sell liquor to the public
Facilities for the accommodation, care and burial of animals
Fencing and fences
Licensing of dogs
Licensing and control of undertakings that sell food to the public
Local amenities
Local sport facilities
Markets
Municipal abattoirs
Municipal parks and recreation
Municipal roads
Noise pollution
Pounds
​Public places
Refuse removal, refuse dumps and solid waste disposal
Street trading
Street lighting
Traffic and parking
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2009-04-17/Schedule 7

Schedule 7
Laws Repealed
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2009-04-17/Schedule 1A

See Notice 1998 of 2005 and Notice 1490 of 2008 for the referenced maps.
Schedule 1A
Geographical Areas of Provinces
The Province of the Eastern Cape
Map No. 3 of Schedule 1 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 6 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 7 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 8 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 9 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 10 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 11 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of the Free State
Map No. 12 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 13 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 14 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 15 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 16 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of Gauteng
Map No. 4 in Notice 1490 of 2008 Map No. 17 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 18 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 19 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 20 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 21 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of KwaZulu-Natal
Map No. 22 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 23 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 24 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 25 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 26 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 27 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 28 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 29 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 30 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 31 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 32 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of Limpopo
Map No. 33 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 34 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 35 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 36 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 37 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of Mpumalanga
Map No. 38 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 39 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 40 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of the Northern Cape
Map No. 41 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 42 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 43 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 44 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 45 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of North West
Map No. 5 in Notice 1490 of 2008 Map No. 46 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 47 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 48 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
The Province of the Western Cape
Map No. 49 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 50 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 51 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 52 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 53 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005 Map No. 54 of Schedule 2 to Notice 1998 of 2005
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2009-04-17/Schedule 3

Schedule 3
Election Procedures
Part A — Election Procedures for Constitutional Office-Bearers
Application
1.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Nominations
2.
Formal requirements
3.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(3)
Announcement of names of candidates
4.
Single candidate
5.
Election procedure
6.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Elimination procedure
7.
(1)
(2)
Further meetings
8.
(1)
(2)
Rules
9.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(2)
Part B — Formula to Determine Party Participation in Provincial Delegations to the National Council of Provinces
1.
2.
3.
4.
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996/2013-08-23/Chapter 10

Chapter 10
Public Administration
Basic values and principles governing public administration
195.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Public Service Commission
196.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(g)
(5)
(6)
(a)
(b)
(7)
(a)
(b)
(8)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(9)
(10)
(a)
(b)
(11)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(12)
(a)
(b)
(13)
Public Service
197.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
# Chicago Railway Company v. United States

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Chicago Railway Company v. United States."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Chicago Railway Company v. United States (246 U.S. 512)
* Chicago Railway Company v. United States (270 U.S. 287)
* Chicago Railway Company v. United States (274 U.S. 29)
* Chicago Railway Company v. United States (284 U.S. 80)
# Chicago Railway Company v. United States (284 U.S. 80)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
284 U.S. 80
Chicago Railway Company v. United States (284 U.S. 80)
Argued: Oct. 14, 1931. --- Decided: Nov 23, 1931
[Syllabus from pages 80-82 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. Frank H. Towner, of Chicago, Ill., and Alfred P. Thom, of Washington, D. C., for appellants.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 83-85 intentionally omitted]
The Attorney General, Mr. John LordO'Brian, Asst. to Atty. Gen., and Mr. Daniel W. Knowlton, of Washington, D. C., for appellees the United States and Interstate Commerce Commission.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 85-87 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Robert E. Quirk, of Washington, D. C., for appellee South Manchester R. Co.
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse