# The Geographical Distribution of Animals/Chapter 12.2

TABLES OF DISTRIBUTION.
In constructing these tables, showing the distribution of various classes of animals in the Oriental region, the following sources of information have been chiefly relied on, in addition to the general treatises, monographs, catalogues, &c., used for the compilation of the Fourth Part of this work.
Mammalia.—Jerdon's Indian Mammalia; Kelaart's Fauna of Ceylon; Horsfield and Moore's Catalogue of the East India Museum; Swinhoe's Catalogue of Chinese Mammalia; S. Müller's Zoology of the Indian Archipelago; Dr. J. E. Gray's list of Mammalia of the Malay Archipelago (Voyage of Samarang); and papers by Anderson, Blyth, Cantor, Gray, Peters, Swinhoe, &c.
Birds.—Jerdon's Birds of India; Horsfield and Moore's Catalogue; Holdsworth's list of Ceylon Birds; Schlegel's Catalogue of the Leyden Museum; Swinhoe on the Birds of China, Formosa, and Hainan; Salvadori on the Birds of Borneo; Lord Walden on the Birds of the Philippine Islands; and papers by Blyth, Blanford, Elwes, Elliot, Stoliczka, Sclater, Sharpe, Swinhoe, Verreaux, and Lord Walden.
Reptiles.—Günther's Reptiles of British India; papers by same author, and by Dr. Stoliczka.
TABLE I.
FAMILIES OF ANIMALS INHABITING THE ORIENTAL REGION.
Explanation.
Numbers correspond with those in Part IV.
| Order and Family | Sub-regions | Sub-regions | Sub-regions | Sub-regions | Range beyond the Region. |
| Order and Family | Hindostan. | Ceylon. | Indo-China. | Indo-Malaya. | Range beyond the Region. |
| MAMMALIA. | | | | | |
| Primates. | | | | | |
| 1. Simiidæ | | | — | — | W. Africa |
| 2. Semnopithecidæ | — | — | — | — | Tropical Africa |
| 3. Cynopithecidæ | — | — | — | — | All Africa, S. Palæarctic |
| 6. Lemuridæ | | — | — | — | Ethiopian |
| 7. Tarsiidæ | | | | — | Celebes |
| Chiroptera. | | | | | |
| 9. Pteropidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 11. Rhinolophidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 12. Vespertilionidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 13. Noctilionidæ | — | — | — | — | Tropical regions |
| Insectivora. | | | | | |
| 14. Galeopithecidæ | | | | — | |
| 16. Tupaiidæ | | — | — | — | |
| 17. Erinaceidæ | — | — | | — | Palæarctic, S. Africa |
| 21. Talpidæ | | | — | | Palæarctic, Nearctic |
| 22. Soricidæ | — | — | — | — | Palæarctic, Ethiopian, N. America |
| Carnivora. | | | | | |
| 23. Felidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 25. Viverridæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic |
| 27. Hyænidæ | — | | | | Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic |
| 28. Canidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian [?] |
| 29. Mustelidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 31. Æluridæ | | | — | | Palæarctic |
| 32. Ursidæ | — | — | — | — | Palæarctic, Nearctic, Chili |
| Cetacea. | | | | | Oceanic |
| Sirenia. | | | | | |
| 42. Manatidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, N. Pacific |
| Ungulata. | | | | | |
| 43. (Equidæ) | — | | | | Palæarctic, Ethiopian |
| ​44. Tapiridæ | | | | — | Neotropical |
| 45. Rhinocerotidæ | | | — | — | Ethiopian |
| 47. Suidæ | — | — | — | — | Palæarctic, Ethiopian, Neotropical |
| 49. Tragulidæ | — | — | — | — | W. Africa |
| 50. Cervidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Ethiopian and Australian |
| 52. Bovidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian and Neotropical |
| 53. Elephantidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian |
| Rodentia. | | | | | |
| 55. Muridæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite, excl. Oceania |
| 56. Spalacidæ | | | — | — | Palæarctic, Ethiopian |
| 61. Sciuridæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 67. Hystricidæ | — | — | — | — | S. Palæarctic, Ethiopian |
| 70. Leporidæ | — | — | — | | All regions but Australian |
| Edentata. | | | | | |
| 72. Manididæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian |
| BIRDS. | | | | | |
| Passeres. | | | | | |
| 1. Turdidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 2. Sylviidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 3. Timaliidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 4. Panuridæ | | | — | | Palæarctic |
| 5. Cinclidæ | — | — | — | — | Not Ethiopian or Australian |
| 6. Troglodytidæ | | | — | — | American and Palæarctic |
| 8. Certhiidæ | — | | — | — | Palæarctic, Nearctic, Australian |
| 9. Sittidæ | — | — | — | — | Palæarctic, Nearctic, Australian, Madagascar |
| 10. Paridæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere and North America |
| 11. Liotrichidæ | | | — | — | |
| 12. Phyllornithidæ | — | — | — | — | |
| 13. Pycnonotidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Moluccas |
| 14. Oriolidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 15. Campephagidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 16. Dicruridæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 17. Muscicapidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 18. Pachycephalidæ | | | — | — | Australian |
| 19. Laniidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere and North America |
| 20. Corvidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 23. Nectariniidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 24. Dicæidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 30. Hirundinidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 33. Fringillidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 34. Ploceidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 35. Sturnidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 36. Artamidæ | — | — | — | — | Australian |
| 37. Alaudidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Neotropical |
| 38. Motacillidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 43. Eurylæmidæ | | | — | — | |
| 47. Pittidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| ​Picariæ. | | | | | |
| 51. Picidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 52. Yungidæ | — | | | | Palæarctic |
| 53. Indicatoridæ | | | — | — | Ethiopian |
| 54. Megalæmidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Neotropical |
| 58. Cuculidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 62. Coraciidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 63. Meropidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian |
| 66. Trogonidæ | — | — | — | — | Neotropical, Ethiopian |
| 67. Alcedinidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 68. Bucerotidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Austro-Malayan |
| 69. Upupidæ | — | — | — | | Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic |
| 71. Podargidæ | — | — | — | — | Australian |
| 73. Caprimulgidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 74. Cypselidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| Psittaci. | | | | | |
| 76. (Cacatuidæ) | | | | — | Australian |
| 78. Palæornithidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Austro-Malayan |
| Columbæ. | | | | | |
| 84. Columbidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| Gallinæ. | | | | | |
| 86. Pteroclidæ | — | | | | Ethiopian, Palæarctic |
| 87. Tetraonidæ | — | — | — | — | Eastern Hemisphere and North America |
| 88. Phasianidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Palæarctic, North America |
| 89. Turnicidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian, S. Palæarctic |
| 90. Megapodiidæ | | | | — | Australian |
| Accipitres. | | | | | |
| 94. Vulturidæ | — | — | — | | All regions but Australian |
| 96. Falconidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 97. Pandionidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 98. Strigidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| Grallæ. | | | | | |
| 99. Rallidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 100. Scolopacidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 103. Parridæ | — | — | — | — | Tropical regions |
| 104. Glareolidæ | — | — | — | — | Eastern Hemisphere |
| 105. Charadriidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 106. Otididæ | — | — | — | | Eastern Hemisphere |
| 107. Gruidæ | — | — | — | | All regions but Neotropical |
| 113. Ardeidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 114. Plataleidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 115. Ciconiidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 117. Phœnicopteridæ | — | — | | | Ethiopian, Neotropical, S. Palæarctic |
| ​Anseres. | | | | | |
| 118. Anatidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 119. Laridæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 120. Procellariidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 121. Pelecanidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 124. Podicipidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| REPTILIA. | | | | | |
| Ophidia. | | | | | |
| 1. Typhlopidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Nearctic |
| 2. Tortricidæ | — | — | — | — | Austro-Malaya, S. America |
| 3. Xenopeltidæ | | | — | — | Celebes |
| 4. Uropeltidæ | | — | | | |
| 5. Calamariidæ | — | — | — | — | All the warmer regions |
| 6. Oligodontidæ | — | — | — | — | S. America, Japan |
| 7. Colubridæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 8. Homalopsidæ | — | — | — | — | All the regions |
| 9. Psammophidæ | — | | — | — | Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic |
| 11. Dendrophidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian, Neotropical |
| 12. Dryiophidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Neotropical |
| 13. Dipsadidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Australian, Neotropical |
| 14. Scytalidæ | | | | — | Tropical America |
| 15. Lycodontidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian |
| 16. Amblycephalidæ | | | — | — | Neotropical |
| 17. Pythonidæ | — | — | — | — | The tropical regions, and California |
| 18. Erycidæ | — | | — | | Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic |
| 19. Acrochordidæ | | — | | — | |
| 20. Elapidæ | — | — | — | — | Tropical regions, Japan, S. Carolina |
| 23. Hydrophidæ | — | — | — | — | Australian, Panama, Madagascar |
| 24. Crotalidæ | — | — | — | — | America, E. Palæarctic |
| 25. Viperidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Palæarctic |
| Lacertilia. | | | | | |
| 30. Varanidæ | — | — | — | — | Africa, Australia |
| 33. Lacertidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 34. Zonuridæ | | | — | | America, S. Europe, Ethiopian |
| 45. Scincidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 48. Acontiadæ | | — | | | Ethiopian, Moluccas |
| 49. Geckotidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 51. Agamidæ | — | — | — | — | The Eastern Hemisphere |
| 52. Chamæleonidæ | — | — | | | Ethiopian |
| Crocodilia. | | | | | |
| 54. Gavialidæ | — | | | — | N. Australia |
| 55. Crocodilidæ | — | — | — | — | Ethiopian, Neotropical, N. Australia |
| Chelonia. | | | | | |
| 57. Testudinidæ | — | — | — | — | All continents but Australia |
| 59. Trionychidæ | — | — | — | — | Japan, E. of N. America, Africa |
| 60. Cheloniidæ | | | | | Marine |
| ​AMPHIBIA. | | | | | |
| Pseudophidia. | | | | | |
| 1. Cæciliadæ | — | — | — | | Ethiopian, Neotropical |
| Urodela. | | | | | |
| 5. Salamandridæ | | | — | | North temperate zone |
| Anoura. | | | | | |
| 8. Phryniscidæ | | | | — | Ethiopian, Australian, Neotropical |
| 10. Bufonidæ | — | — | — | — | All continents but Australia |
| 12. Engystomidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Palæarctic |
| 17. Hylidæ | | | — | | All regions but Ethiopian |
| 18. Polypedatidæ | — | — | — | — | Neotropical and all other regions |
| 19. Ranidæ | — | — | — | — | Almost Cosmopolite |
| 20. Discoglossidæ | | — | — | — | All regions but Nearctic |
| FISHES. (FRESHWATER). | | | | | |
| Acanthopterygii. | | | | | |
| 3. Percidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 12. Sciænidæ | — | — | — | — | All regions but Australian |
| 33. Nandidæ | — | — | — | — | Neotropical |
| 35. Labyrinthici | — | — | — | — | S. Africa, Moluccas |
| 36. Luciocephalidæ | | | | — | |
| 39. Ophiocephalidæ | — | — | — | — | |
| 46. Mastacembelidæ | — | — | — | — | |
| 52. Chromidæ | | — | | | Ethiopian, Neotropical |
| Physostomi. | | | | | |
| 59. Siluridæ | — | — | — | — | All warm regions |
| 73. Cyprinodontidæ | — | — | — | — | S. Palæarctic, Ethiopian, American |
| 75. Cyprinidæ | — | — | — | — | Not in S. America and Australia |
| 78. Osteoglossidæ | | | | — | All tropical regions |
| 82. Notopteridæ | — | — | — | — | W. Africa |
| 85. Symbranchidæ | — | | — | — | Australian (? Marine) Neotropical |
| INSECTS. LEPIDOPTERA (PART). | | | | | |
| Diurni (Butterflies.) | | | | | |
| 1. Danaidæ | — | — | — | — | All warm regions and to Canada |
| 2. Satyridæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 3. Elymniidæ | | | — | — | Ethiopian, Moluccas |
| 4. Morphidæ | | | — | — | Neotropical, Moluccas, and Polynesia |
| 6. Acræidæ | — | — | — | — | All tropical regions |
| 8. Nymphalidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| ​9. Libytheidæ | — | — | — | — | Absent from Australia |
| 10. Nemeobiidæ | | | — | — | Not in Australia or Nearctic regions |
| 13. Lycænidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 14. Pieridæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 15. Papilionidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 16. Hesperidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| Sphingidea. | | | | | |
| 17. Zygænidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |
| 19. Agaristidæ | — | — | — | — | Australian, Ethiopian |
| 20. Uraniidæ | — | — | — | — | All tropical regions |
| 22. Ægeriidæ | — | — | — | — | Absent from Australia |
| 23. Sphingidæ | — | — | — | — | Cosmopolite |