OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Getting Married/The Economic Slavery of Women

One of the consequences of basing marriage on the considerations stated with cold abhorrence by Saint Paul in the seventh chapter of his epistle to the Corinthians, as being made necessary by the unlikeness of most men to himself, is that the sex slavery involved has become complicated by economic slavery; so that whilst the man defends marriage because he is really defending his pleasures, the woman is even more vehement on the same side because she is defending her only means of livelihood. To a woman without property or marketable talent a husband is more necessary than a master to a dog. There is nothing more wounding to our sense of human dignity than the husband hunting that begins in every family when the daughters become marriageable; but it is inevitable under existing circumstances; and the parents who refuse to engage in it are bad parents, though they may be superior individuals. The cubs of a humane tigress would starve; and the daughters of women who cannot bring themselves to devote several years of their lives to the pursuit of sons-in-law often have to expatiate their mother's squeamishness by life-long celibacy and indigence. To ask a young man his intentions when you know he has no intentions, but is unable to deny that he has paid attentions; to threaten an action for breach of promise of marriage; to pretend that your daughter is a musician when she has with the greatest difficulty been coached into playing three piano-forte pieces which she loathes; to use your own mature charms to attract men to the house when your daughters have no aptitude for that department of sport; to coach them, when they have, in the arts by which men can be led to compromize themselves; and to keep all the skeletons carefully locked up in the family cupboard until the prey is duly hunted down and bagged: all this is a mother's duty today; and a very revolting duty it is: one that disposes of the conventional assumption that it is in the faithful discharge of her home duties that a woman finds her self-respect. The truth is that family life will never be decent, much less ennobling, until this central horror of the dependence of women on men is done away with. At present it reduces the difference between marriage and prostitution to the difference between Trade Unionism and unorganized casual labor: a huge difference, no doubt, as to order and comfort, but not a difference in kind.
However, it is not by any reform of the marriage laws that this can be dealt with. It is in the general movement for the prevention of destitution that the means for making women independent of the compulsory sale of their persons, in marriage or otherwise, will be found; but meanwhile those who deal specifically with the marriage laws should never allow themselves for a moment to forget this abomination that "plucks the rose from the fair forehead of an innocent love, and sets a blister there," and then calmly calls itself purity, home, motherhood, respectability, honor, decency, and any other fine name that happens to be convenient, not to mention the foul epithets it hurls freely at those who are ashamed of it.
# Getting Married/Shelley and Queen Victoria

The best way to avert such a struggle is to open the eyes of the thoughtlessly conventional people to the weakness of their position in a mere contest of recrimination. Hitherto they have assumed that they have the advantage of coming into the field without a stain on their characters to combat libertines who have no character at all. They conceive it to be their duty to throw mud; and they feel that even if the enemy can find any mud to throw, none of it will stick. They are mistaken. There will be plenty of that sort of ammunition in the other camp; and most of it will stick very hard indeed. The moral is, do not throw any. If we can imagine Shelley and Queen Victoria arguing out their differences in another world, we may be sure that the Queen has long ago found that she cannot settle the question by classing Shelley with George IV. as a bad man; and Shelley is not likely to have called her vile names on the general ground that as the economic dependence of women makes marriage a money bargain in which the man is the purchaser and the woman the purchased, there is no essential difference between a married woman and the woman of the streets. Unfortunately, all the people whose methods of controversy are represented by our popular newspapers are not Queen Victorias and Shelleys. A great mass of them, when their prejudices are challenged, have no other impulse than to call the challenger names, and, when the crowd seems to be on their side, to maltreat him personally or hand him over to the law, if he is vulnerable to it. Therefore I cannot say that I have any certainty that the marriage question will be dealt with decently and tolerantly. But dealt with it will be, decently or indecently; for the present state of things in England is too strained and mischievous to last. Europe and America have left us a century behind in this matter.
# Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular/A List of Classifiers
## Lesson XXVII. a list of classifiers.
### 個

    Kâi,
       Applied to men, and things generally.

### 粒

    Liáp,
       Applied to„ fruit, spherical things, as balls, pills, &c.

### 條

    Tiòu,
       Applied to„ rivers, roads, collars, ropes, laws, hair, snakes, lizards, &c. and things in stripes.

### 枝

    Ki,
       Applied to„ masts, sticks, knives, spoons, pencils, pillars, branches of trees or plants, &c.

### 雙

    Sang,
       Applied to„ things that go in pairs, as shoes, stockings, gloves, chop-sticks, &c.

### 對

    Tùi,
       Applied to„ things that go in pairs, as scrolls, candle-sticks, horses, &c.

### 頂

    Téng,
       Applied to„ hats, caps, sedan chairs, &c.

### 領

    Niáⁿ,
       Applied to„ coats, bed clothes, nets, mats, &c.

### 脚

    Kha,
       Applied to„ boxes, coffins, bangles, rings, &c.

### 間

    Koiⁿ,
       Applied to„ houses, shops, rooms.

### 座

    Tsō,
       Applied to„ large dwelling houses, ancestral halls.

### 張

    Tieⁿ,
       Applied to„ sheets of paper, letters,

### 包

    Pau,
       Applied to„ things in bundles and bales.

### 把

    Pé,
       Applied to„ bundles of wood, vegetables, flowers, &c.

### 欉

    Châng,
       Applied to„ trees, plants, vegetables.

### 𫂉

    Chat,
       Applied to„ spaces between the joints on the finger, or on bamboo, sugarcane, &c.

### 隻

    Chiah,
       Applied to„ ships, quadrupeds, birds, fowls, &c.

### 儎

    Chāi,
       Applied to„ cargoes, boat loads, &c.

### 塊

    Kò,
       Applied to„ lands, gardens, boards &c., and slices or pieces of things. ​

### 篐

    Khou,
       Applied to„ dollars, bundles of firewood.

### 畝

    Bóu,
       Applied to„ fields.

### 羣

    Khûn,
       Applied to„ crowds of men, herds of quadrupeds, flocks of fowls, ducks, &c.

### 幅

    Pak,
       Applied to„ maps, Chinese pictures, &c.

### 件

    Kiãⁿ,
       Applied to„ any business or affair, &c.

### 尾

    Búe,
       Applied to„ fish.

### 㸃

    Tiám,
       Applied to„ spots of dirt, drops of rain, &c.

### 蕊

    Lúi,
       Applied to„ flowers.

### 列

    Léh,
       Applied to„ files of soldiers, rows of houses, &c.

### 串

    Kuãⁿ,
       Applied to„ strings of cash or beads, &c.

### 副

    Hù,
       Applied to„ things in sets and suits.

### 本

    Pńg,
       Applied to„ books.

### 頁

    Hiéh,
       Applied to„ leaves of books.

### 門

    Mn̂g,
       Applied to„ cannons.

### 口

    Kháu,
       Applied to„ gardens, smokes of opium or tobacco.

### 零些

    Tshoh,
       Applied to„ a quantity of things, a small crowd of men.

### 棚

    Péⁿ,
       Applied to„ stage-plays.

### 班

    Pan,
       Applied to„ companies of actors, bands, &c.

### 位

    Uī,
       Applied to„ persons of respectability.
# Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular/A List of Animals and Birds
## Lesson XXVI. a list of animals and birds.
### Lion,

    Sai
       獅

### Tiger,

    Hóuⁿ, lãu-hóuⁿ
       虎　老虎

### Elephant,

    Chhiẽⁿ
       象

### Rhinoceros,

    Sai-gû
       犀牛

### Camel,

    Lóh-thóh
       駱駝

### Ass,

    Lṳ̂, lô
       驪　騾

### Deer,

    Ték
       鹿

### Wolf,

    Tshâi-lâng
       豺狼

### Fox,

    Hõu-lâi
       狐狸

### Snake,

    Tsûa
       蛇

### Monkey,

    Kâu
       猴

### Orang-outang,

    Suaⁿ-nâng
       山人

### Bear,

    Him
       熊 ​

### Peacock,

    Khóng-chhieh
       孔雀

### Pheasant,

    Suaⁿ-koi
       山雞

### Phoenix,

    Hõng
       鳳

### Dragon,

    Lêng
       龍

### Bird,

    Chióu
       鳥

### Parrot,

    Eng-ko
       鸚哥

### Hawk,

    Eng-pô
       鸚婆

### Stork,

    Hóh, péh-liōu-si
       鶴　白鷺𮈔

### Rabbit,

    Chiéh-tshṳ́
       石鬣

### Sparrow,

    Mûaⁿ-chiah-chióu
       麻隻鳥

### Pigeon,

    Hún-chióu
       粉鳥

### Butterfly,

    Búe-iáh
       蝴蝶

### Dragon-fly,

    Sua-meⁿ
       沙𧋎

### Grasshopper,

    Tsháu-méⁿ
       草蟒

### Bee,

    Phang
       蜂

### Buffalo,

    Tsúi-gû
       水牛

### Cow,

    Gû
       牛

### Sheep,

    Mîⁿ-iêⁿ
       麋羊

### Goat,

    Suaⁿ-iêⁿ
       山羊

### Horse,

    Bé
       馬 ​

### Pig,

    Tṳ
       猪

### Dog,

    Káu
       狗

### Cat,

    Ngiou
       貓

### Rat,

    Ngióu-tshṳ́
       貓鬣

### Centipede,

    Gê-kang
       蜈蚣

### Frog,

    Tsúi-koi
       水雞

### Toad,

    Kap-pô
       蛤婆

### Cockroach,

    Ka-tsuáh
       膠賊

### Lizard,

    Chîⁿ-lêng
       蠐龍

### Spider, large,

    Bé-lêng-khiâ
       螳螂

### Spider,„ little,

    Ti-tu
       蜘蛛

### Fly,

    Hôu-sîn
       蝴蠅

### Mosquito,

    Máng
       蟒

### Gnat,

    Bun
       蚊

### Worm,

    Thâng
       虫

### Worm,„ in books.

    Chheh-hṳ̂
       册魚

### Ant,

    Hiā
       蟻

### Flea,

    Ka-tsáu
       蝨

### Louse,

    Sat
       虱
# Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular/A List of Words used in Cooking
## Lesson XVI. a list of words used in cooking.
### 剖

    Phoi
       To cut, as the rinds of fruits, nails, pencil &c.

### 截

    Tsoíh
       To cut into slices, as bread, beef &c.

### 割

    Kuah
       To cut off, as a rope, a piece of meat from a large piece &c.

### 琢

    Tok
       To chop with a knife, as to cut bones.

### 刣

    Thâi
       To kill.

### 琢莝

    Tok-tshō
       To mince.

### 煲

    Pû
       To boil as water, rice &c in small utensils.

### 煮

    Tsṳ́
       To boil as rice, vegetables &c in large utensils. ​

### 煲食

    Pû-chiáh
       To cook for one or two.

### 煮食

    Tsṳ́-chiáh
       To cook for many.

### 焀

    Sáh
       To boil in water, as eggs, fowls &c. without anything being added.

### 煎

    Chien
       To fry with something added, generally some sauce &c.

### 烙

    Luah
       To fry, as eggs, fish &c.

### 浮

    Phû
       To fry in oil, as plantain &c.

### 炒

    Tshá
       To fry with very little fat as vegetables; to parch, as ground-nuts &c.

### 翕

    Hip
       To steam, as potatoes, taro &c.

### 炊

    Tshue
       To steam, as fish, cakes &c.

### 燉

    Tũn
       To cook by means of a steam-pan.

### 㶩

    Tim
       To warm by means of hot water.

### 熬

    Ngâu
       To boil very long, until quite tender.

### 𤇢

    Pek
       To roast, as a fowl &c.

### 焙

    Pūe
       To toast, as bread &c.

### 烘

    Hang
       To warm over the fire.

### 冲

    Tshong
       To infuse, as tea &c.

### 着火燒

    Téh-húe-sie
       To get burnt by being over roasted or burnt for want of water.

### 燒

    Sie
       To burn.

### 温

    sie
       Hot.

### 冷

    Ngân
       Cold. ​

### 滾

    Kún
       Boiling.

### 熟

    Sék
       Thoroughly boiled.

### 生

    Chheⁿ
       Not yet boiled; raw.

### 縻

    Mîⁿ
       Tender, soft; rotten (of fruit.)

### 潤

    Zūn
       Tough.

### 𠕆

    Tōiⁿ
       Hard.

### 軟

    Nńg
       Soft.

### 冇

    Phàⁿ
       Porous, soft.

### 參

    Tsham
       To mix.

### 擾

    chhiou
       To stir.

### 𫾣

    Khau
       To scrape; to scratch.

### 剝皮

    Pak-phûe
       To peel, as skin.

### 舂

    Cheng
       To pound.

### 試

    Chhì
       To taste, to try.

### 氣味

    Khì-bī

### 味道

    Bī-sōu
       Palate or taste.

### 臭生

    Tshàu-tsho
       Fish smell.

### 甜

    Tiâm
       Sweet.

### 酸

    Sng
       Sour.

### 鹹

    Kiâm
       Salt. ​

### 淡

    Chiáⁿ
       Insipid or tasteless.

### 苦

    Khóu
       Bitter.

### 辣

    Hiam
       Pungent.

### 𤍠

    Jiét
       Hot, like ginger.

### 香

    Phang
       Fragrant, nice, well-flavoured.

### 甘

    Kam
       Sour and sweet, like olives.

### 澁

    Siap
       Bitter and sour, like unripe fruit.
# Gloomy winter's now awa' (1813-1820)/Let Ambition Fire Thy Mind

Let Ambition fire thy Mind
Let Ambition fire thy mind, thou wert born o'er men to reign, Not to follow flocks design'd: scorn thy crooks and leave the plain.
Cr(illegible text) I'll throw beneath thy feet, (illegible text) the necks of kings shall tread; Joys inciting, joys shall meet, which way e'er thy fancy lead.
Let not spoils of empire fright; toils of empire pleasures are; Thou shalt only know delight, and all the joy but not the care.
Shepherd, if thou't yield the prize, for the blessings I bestow, Joyful I'll ascend the skies, happy thou shall reign below.
finis.
# Gloomy winter's now awa' (1813-1820)/The Fourteenth of April

The Fourteenth of April.
On the fourteenth day of April, as you might hear them say, Our goodly ship we launched, upon that very day Bound for the stormy ocean, where thundering cannons roar, We left our parents weeping, all on our native shore.
Like lions bold undaunted we bore away to sea Nothing we could espy, brave boys til early the next day; About the hour of ten o'clock, a Danish ship we spied, Stand to your guns my hearts of oak, our noble captain cried.
Each man unto his quarters, so quickly did (illegible text) We knocked down our cabins, and swept our decks quite clear Then we engaged that privateer, till once we bore away.
​That's bravely done our captain cried, for soon we'll make them ſtay.
When our bold captain found the enemy's ship was gone We crowded all our sail, brave boys and after her did run; So closely we bore after her, till early the next day, When a lofty bold French privateer, came bearing down that way.
She hailed us in French my boys, and boldly bid us ſtand, Saying where is your country, where does your ship belong But the answer we returned them, it was a quick reply: If you are our foe, we'll let you know, we are true British boys.
But when this bold French privateer, found we were British boys, She hoiſted up her colours, and at us ſhe let fly; Then broadside for broadside, where thundering cannons roar, And we sunk this bold French privateer all on our native shore.
All in that gallant action, our captain he was slain,
​Likewise our second mate, and twenty of our men. While the rest of our bold seamen, they were bedeck'd in blood, But like bold Alexander, through fire and smoke we stood.
But now the battle's over, and fit for sea no more, For the loss of legs and arms, we poor seamen now doth mourn. No benefit we have, from the mercy of the waves, But still true British seamen, we doth our country save,
# Gloomy winter's now awa' (1813-1820)/The Shannon and Chesapeake

THE SHANNON AND CHESAPEAKE.
Come all you gallant seamen landsmen listen unto me, Whilſt I relate a bloody fight, was lately fought at sea.
So fierce and hot upon each ſide, as plainly will appear. There's not been such a battle fought; no not this many a year.
The eighteenth day of May, brave boys, from Halifax we set sail, And up the American coast we did steer, with a sweet and pleasant gale.
​And standing off New York river, on the twenty second day, A sloop of war round Sandy Hook, a man from our masthead did spy.
We gave to her three broadsides, her colours soon came down, We sent on board our Master's mate, with a number of our men.
Standing further to the northward, being ordered for to go; And cruising off Boston Bay, our captain commanded so.
On the twenty-eighth day of May off Boston Bay we lay, We sent a challenge to the Chesapeake to engage us in the bay.
And on the first of June, my boys, the weather being clear, Bold Lawrence, he soon hove in fight, as plainly you ſhall hear.
Our commander of the Shannon, gallant Brook was his name, Cheer up your hearts my seamen bold for now ſhe's bearing down,
And in the space of twenty one minutes, the action hot began,
​And after two or three broadsides, fool of yard and yard we came.
Being broadside to broadside, our cannon loud did roar, While ninety five seamen and marines lay bleeding in their gore.
Which causes many a widow in Scotia for to mourn, And many disconsolate mothers, lamenting the first of June.
For the space of fifteen minutes, this action it did hold, All on the briny ocean, men never fought more bold.
The Americans we must confess, they did their valor shew, But, we remainder of our ship's company, soon brought their colours low.
Great rejoicings were made in Boston their bells did loudly ring, Expecting our commander and crew prisoners to be brought in.
But into their misfortune, we soon did let them know, That the Chesapeake (illegible text) the Shannon, her colours had laid low.
​So now my song is ended, I hope each tar will smile, And as we have obtain'd a peace, may plenty crown our isle.
Hoping Columbia's sons will never oppose our future joy Or if they do, may we courage find our enemy to annoy.
# Gloria, laus et honor

"This processional Hymn for Palm Sunday is said to nave been composed by S. Theodulph at Metz, or as others will have it, at Angers, while imprisoned on a false accusation: and to have been song by him from his dungeon window, or by choristers instructed by him, as the Emperor Louis and his Court were on their way to the Cathedral. The good Bishop was immediately liberated. In the original composition there were ten stanzas besides the Chorus."
—"Gloria, laus, et honor" in Mediaeval Hymns and Sequences (ed.) by John Mason Neale (1867).
English-language translations of Gloria, laus et honor include:
* "Glory and honor, and laud be to thee" by John Mason Neale (1851).
* "Glory, and laud, and honor" by John Mason Neale (1854).
** "All Glory, Laud, and Honor", as above with alterations by the compilers of Hymns Ancient and Modern (1859).
** "All Glory, Laud, and Honor", in The Army and Navy Hymnal (1920).
# Hartman v. Greenhow/Dissent Miller

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Miller
United States Supreme Court
102 U.S. 672
Hartman v. Greenhow
MR. JUSTICE MILLER dissenting.
I dissent from the judgment of the court. In addition to the general proposition which I have always maintained, that no legislature of a State has authority to bargain away the State's right of taxation, I am of opinion that in issuing the bonds and coupons which are the subject of this controversy the legislature of Virginia, neither in terms nor by any just inference, made any contract that the bonds and coupons should not be subject to the same taxes as other property taxed by the State.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hartman v. Greenhow

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Miller
United States Supreme Court
102 U.S. 672
Hartman v. Greenhow
ERROR to the Supreme Court of Appeals of the State of Virginia.
The case is fully stated in the opinion of the court.
William L. Royall for the plaintiff in error.
Mr. James G. Field, Attorney-General of Virginia, contra.
MR. JUSTICE FIELD delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hartranft v. Du Pont

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
118 U.S. 223
Hartranft v. Du Pont
Argued: May 10, 1886. ---
Asst. Atty. Gen. Maury, for plaintiff in error.
No appearance for defendant in error.
WOODS, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hartman v. United States/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
370 U.S. 724
Louis HARTMAN v. UNITED STATES.
The motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis, the motion for leave to supplement the petition for certiorari and the petition for writ of certiorari are granted. The judgment is reversed. Russell v. United States, 369 U.S. 749, 82 S.Ct. 1038; Silber v. United States, 368 U.S. 925, 82 S.Ct. 364, 7 L.Ed.2d 189.
Mr. Justice CLARK and Mr. Justice HARLAN dissent for the reasons stated in their dissenting opinions in Russell v. United States, 369 U.S. 749, 779, 781, 82 S.Ct. 1038.
Mr. Justice FRANKFURTER and Mr. Justice WHITE took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hartog v. Memory/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
116 U.S. 588
Hartog v. Memory
Argued: February 1, 1886. ---
Here the citizenship of both the plaintiff and the defendant, as it was in good faith understood by the plaintiff to be, was stated in the declaration, and it was such as, if truly stated, gave the court jurisdiction. The defendant pleaded to the merits. He alone knew of the mistake as to his citizenship, and purposely omitted to make it known at the time. Under the issues joined the question of citizenship did not and could not arise. If a judgment had been rendered on the verdict, Memory would have been bound by it, notwithstanding both he and Hartog were aliens. The record would have estopped him from denying the jurisdiction of the court. The testimony about his citizenship was irrelevant and wholly immaterial. It did not in any manner relate to the merits of the case. It apparently came out incidentally, without attracting the attention of the court at the time. The defendant suffered it to pass without special notice until after the verdict against him. He then moved for a new trial, not, so far as the record discloses, because of any errors at the trial, but, as we must presume, for the purpose of laying the foundation for his motion to dismiss; and the case appears to have been dismissed by the court solely upon the defendant's motion and the irrelevant testimony given at the trial, and without affording the plaintiff an opportunity to rebut or control that testimony. Under these circumstances, as there is nothing else in the case to justify the dismissal of the suit, we are of opinion that the order dismissing the suit is erroneous, and must be reversed, and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hartman v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
370 U.S. 724
Louis HARTMAN v. UNITED STATES.
Lawrence Speiser, for petitioner.
Solicitor General Cox, Assistant Attorney General Yeagley and George B. Searls, for the United States.
On Petition for Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse