OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Thomas (1775-1811)

​HARVEY, Sir THOMAS (1775–1841), vice-admiral, fourth son of Admiral Sir Henry Harvey [q. v.], entered the navy in 1787, served as master's mate of the Ramillies, then commanded by his father, in the action of 1 June 1794, and was promoted to be lieutenant in the following October. As lieutenant of the Prince of Wales, with his father and cousin [see Harvey, Sir John, 1772–1837], he was present in the action off Lorient, 23 June 1795. He was promoted to be commander in July 1796; commanded the Pelican sloop at the reduction of Trinidad in February 1797, and was advanced to post rank 27 March 1797. He afterwards commanded the Lapwing and Unité frigates in the Mediterranean and West Indies; and in the latter, returning to England, joined the squadron in the Thames under Nelson, who for a short time hoisted his flag on board the Unité Towards the end of 1805 Harvey was appointed to the Standard of 64 guns, which joined Lord Collingwood's flag in the Mediterranean, and which, in February 1807, was one of the squadron under Sir John Thomas Duckworth [q. v.] in the Dardanelles, and was specially engaged in the destruction of the Turkish squadron in the entrance of the Straits. In the return passage she was struck by one of the huge stone shot, upwards of six feet in circumference, and weighing eight hundred pounds, which broke in on to the lower deck, caused an explosion of cartridges which wounded several men, and set the ship on fire. Returning to England in the autumn of 1808, Harvey was appointed early in the following year to the Majestic, attached to the fleet in the Baltic; he afterwards commanded the Sceptre in the North Sea. In June 1815 he was nominated a C.B., and from 1819 to 1821 had command of the Northumberland guardship at Sheerness, from which he was superseded on attaining his flag on 19 July. In April 1833 he was made a K.C.B., became vice-admiral on 10 Jan. 1837, and in March 1839 was appointed to the command-in-chief in the West Indies, a post previously held by his father and his cousin John. He died at Bermuda, during his tenure of office, 28 May 1841. Harvey married, in March 1805, his first cousin, Sarah, daughter of Captain John Harvey (1740–1794) [q. v.], and by her had three sons, of whom Thomas, born in 1810, died a rear-admiral in 1868, and Henry, born in 1812, died an admiral in 1887; the third, William, was in holy orders.
[Marshall's Roy. Nav. Biog. ii. (vol. i. pt. ii.) 797; O'Byrne's Nav. Biog. Dict. s. n. ‘Thomas Harvey;’ United Service Mag. 1841, pt. iii. 101.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collyer, Mary

​COLLYER, MARY (d. 1763), authoress, whose maiden name was Mitchell, became the wife of Joseph Collyer the elder [q. v.] She is principally known as the translator of Gesner's 'Death of Abel' (1761). This work passed through numerous editions in England, Scotland, and Ireland. She had previously published in 1750, in two volumes, ' Letters from Felicia to Charlotte,' which recommended her to the notice of Mrs. Montague, Miss Talbot, and Mrs. Carter. The latter in 1761 spoke of her to Mrs. Montague as 'writing for the support of her family,' which, she adds, 'is a laudable employment.' Mrs. Collyer afterwards translated part of Klopstock's 'Messiah;' but dying in 1763, before it was completed, the remainder was translated and published by her husband about the end of that year in two volumes. The third volume did not appear till 1772, when the taste for this species of poetry, or mixture of poetry and prose, was beginning to decline.
[Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 883; Gent. Mag. xcviii. pt. i. p. 184.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collop, John

​COLLOP, JOHN (fl. 1660), royalist writer, whose name bears the letters M.D. on the title-page of his books, although we have been unable to trace him to any university, was the author of the following works:— 1. ‘Poesis rediviva, or Poesie reviv'd’ (London, 1656), a collection of short poems and epigrams dedicated to Henry Pierrepont, marguis of Dorchester. Much of the verse is directed against the puritan sectaries; some treats of the author's friends or leaders, like Dr. Field, Ussher, Chillingworth, and Hammond. The songs scattered through the volume show some lyrical capacity. 2. ‘Medici Catholicon, or a Catholick Medicine for the Diseases of Charitie, by J. C., M.D.,’ London, 1656; an interesting plea for universal toleration in religion. This work was reissued in 1667 with the new title ‘Charity commended, or a Catholick Christian soberly instructed.’ The author's initials appeared here. 3. ‘Itur (sic) Satyricum, in Loyall Stanzas,’ London, 1660; a short poem welcoming the Restoration.
[Collop’s Works; Hunter's MS. Chorus Vatum in Add. MS. 24492, f. 13 b; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collyer, Joseph (1748-1827)

​COLLYER, JOSEPH (1748–1827), the younger, engraver, born in London on 14 Sept. 1748, was the son of Joseph Collyer (d. 1776) [q. v.] and Mary Collyer (d. 1763) [q. v.] Joseph Collyer, the son, studied for a short time under the engraver Anthony Walker, and applied himself to book illustrations with success. He attracted the notice of Alderman Boydell [q. v.], and was employed to make an engraving after David Teniers. In 1761 he received a premium from the Society of Arts; about nine years later he entered the Royal Academy, where he exhibited for the first time in 1770. He was admitted as a student in 1771. Sir Joshua Reynolds allowed Collyer to reproduce two of his paintings, ‘Venus’ and ‘Una,’ both engraved in the chalk manner. One of his large plates, published in 1784, was ‘The Volunteers of Ireland' after F. Wheatley. In 1786 he was elected an associate engraver, and appointed engraver to Queen Charlotte. In 1815 he was master warden of the Stationers’ Company. Among his engraved portraits may be mentioned those of the Princess of Wales and the Princess Charlotte (1799); George, duke of Montagu (1793); Sir Charles Grey, K.B. (1797); Sir Joseph Banks (1789); Kien Long, emperor of China (1796); Thomas Newton, bishop of Bristol; Miss Palmer (1785); William Whitehead (1787); Paul Whitehead (1776); and Sir William Young. Collyer also engraved the illustrations to Hervey's ‘Naval History,' besides several plates after Rooker. He last exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1822, and died on 24 Dec. 1827.
[Redgrave's Dict. Of Artists of the English School, Lond. 8vo, 1878; Gent. Mag. 1828, i. 184; Graves Dict. of Artists.]
L. F.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collyer, Joseph (d.1776)

​COLLYER, JOSEPH, the elder (d. 1776), compiler and translator was probably the son of Joseph Collyer, a bookseller, who from 1704 till his death (1724) was treasurer of the Stationers’ Company. He edited the translation of Klopstock's ‘Messiah,’ made by his wife, Mary Collyer [q. v.], and was himself the author of: 1. A translation of Bodmer's ‘Noah,’ 1767. 2. ‘A New System of Geography,’ in conjunction with Fenning and others. 3. ‘History of England from the Invasion of Julius Cæsar to the calling of the Parliament in l774,’ 14 vols. London, 1774–5, 12mo. 4. ‘The History of Lady Sophia Sternheim,' translated from the German. He died on 20 Feb. 1778. His son Joseph [q. v.] became a celebrated engraver.
[Gent. Mag. xlvi. 95, xcviii. pt. i. p. 184; Nichols’s Lit. Anecd. iii. 607. viii. 723, ix. 809; Cat. of Printed Books in Brit. Mus.; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Lowndes’s Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 501.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collyer, William Bengo

​COLLYER, WILLIAM BENGO (1782–1854), minister of the congregational church and religious writer, was the only surviving child of Thomas Collyer, a builder of Deptford, where he was born on 14 April 1782. After a good education at the public school belonging to the Leathersellers' Company at Lewisham, he entered the old college of Homerton as a scholar in 1798. In 1800 he began his ministry to a small congregation at Peckham, over which he was ordained in December of the following year. Under his ministry the congregation speedily increased, and after the chapel had been several times enlarged, it was in 1816 rebuilt and reopened under the name of Hanover Chapel. Previous to this, he had in 1813 received an invitation to succeed to the pulpit at Salters' Hall Chapel, which, with the consent of the congregation at Peckham, he accepted, an arrangement being made that he should occupy both pulpits. In 1808 he received the degree of D.D. from the university of Edinburgh. He died in his seventy-second year in 1854. By his wife Mary, daughter and coheiress of Thomas Hawkes of Lutterworth, he left one daughter. Besides several sermons published at different periods throughout his life, Collyer was the author of 'Fugitive Pieces for the use of Schools,' 1803; 'Hymns designed as a Supplement to Dr. Watts,' 1812; 'Services suited to the Solemnisation of Matrimony, administration of Baptism, &c., with Original Hymns,' 1837; and several series of popular lectures on scriptural subjects, including 'Lectures on Scripture Facts,' 1807, 'Scripture Prophecy,' 1809, 'Scripture Miracles,' 1812, 'Scripture Parables,' 1815, 'Scripture Doctrines,' 1818, 'Scripture Duties,' 1819, and 'Scripture Comparison,' 1823.
[Notice, with portrait, in European Mag. vol. lxxii. (1817), pp. 407–10; Gent. Mag. June 1854, vol. xli. new ser. pt. i. 655–6.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Collinson, Septimus

​COLLINSON, SEPTIMUS, D.D. (1739–1827), provost of Queen's College, Oxford, seventh son of Joseph and Agnes Collinson, was born at Gotree, near Huntsonby, Cumberland, on 11 Sept. 1739. He was brought up at Great Musgrave, Westmoreland, where his parents had purchased a small estate. He began his studies at Appleby grammar school, and then removed to Queen's College, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1763 and M.A. in 1767 (Cat. of Oxford Graduates, ed. 1851, p. 142). In 1778 he was presented to the rectories of Dowlish Wake and Dowlish West, Somersetshire. He graduated B.D. in 1792, and D.D. in 1793. For some years he was one of the city lecturers at Oxford. In 1794 he accepted the college living of Holwell, Dorsetshire, but remained there only about two years, as in 1796 he was appointed provost of Queen's College on the death of Dr. Fothergill. In 1798 he obtained the Margaret professorship of divinity, to which is annexed a prebend of Worcester Cathedral. His lectures on the Thirty-nine Articles, though much admired at the time of their delivery, have never been printed. He was a frequent preacher before the university. He died at the college lodge on 24 Jan. 1827.
[Memoir by Rev. John Collinson, Newcastle, 1829, 8vo; Gent. Mag. xcvii. pt. i p. 179; Nichols's Illustr. of Lit. i. 785.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jameson, William (1796-1873)

​JAMESON, WILLIAM (1796–1873), botanist, born in Edinburgh on 3 Oct. 1796, was son of William Jameson, a writer to the signet. In 1814 he attended the university classes of Thomas Charles Hope [q. v.] and Robert Jameson [q. v.] in chemistry and natural history, and obtained his diploma from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. In 1818 he became surgeon on a whaling vessel visiting Baffin's Bay and botanising on Waygat Island (Memoirs of the Wernerian Nat. Hist. Soc. iii. 416). On his return he, in 1819, attended lectures on mineralogy and made pedestrian visits to Ben Lomond and Ben Lawers. In 1820 he made his second voyage to Baffin's Bay, visiting Duck Island in lat. 74° north, and in the same year he sailed as surgeon for South America. While on the voyage to Lima in 1822, he kept a meteorological journal en route (ib. vi. 203), and, deciding to remain in Peru, practised at Guayaquil until 1826, when he removed to the better climate of Quito. He practised medicine there for a year, and in 1827 became professor of chemistry and botany in the university. In 1832 he was appointed assayer to the mint, and in 1861 director; and in 1864 the Ecuadorean government appointed him to prepare a synopsis of the flora of the country. Of this two volumes and part of a third were printed in 1865, under the title ‘Synopsis Plantarum Quitensium,’ but the work was never completed. While in Ecuador he married, was converted to catholicism, and in recognition of his scientific eminence was created by Queen Isabella a caballero of Spain. In 1869, on his way home to Edinburgh, he visited three sons who had settled in the Argentine Republic. In 1872 he left again for Ecuador, but was seized with fever soon after his return to Quito, and died there on 22 June 1873.
Jameson long corresponded with Sir William and Sir Joseph Hooker, Balfour, Lindley, Sir William Jardine, Reichenbach, and Anderson-Henry, and sent home many new species of plants, among which species of anemone, gentian, and the moss Dicranum bear his name. A genus of ferns described by Hooker and Greville is also called Jamesonia. In addition to his papers in the ‘Memoirs of the Wernerian Society,’ the ‘Companion to the Botanical Magazine,’ Hooker's ‘London Journal of Botany,’ the ‘Journals’ of the Linnean and Royal Geographical societies, and the ‘Transactions of the Edinburgh Botanical Society,’ Jameson's only important work is ‘Synopsis Plantarum Quitensium,’ Quito, 1865, 8vo.
[Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, 1873; Royal Soc. Cat. of Scientific Papers.]
G. S. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jameson, Robert William

​JAMESON, ROBERT WILLIAM (1805–1868), journalist and author, born at Leith in 1805, was youngest son of Thomas Jameson, merchant, and nephew of Robert Jameson [q. v.] He was educated at the high school and university of Edinburgh, became a writer to the signet, and practised for many years in Edinburgh. Jameson was a strong radical, and prominent in the reform, anti-slavery, and anti-cornlaw movements. Sir John Campbell, afterwards lord chancellor, said that he was the best hustings speaker he ever heard. He was also one of the first members of the reformed town council of Edinburgh. In 1855 he went to live at Stranraer as editor of the Wigtownshire ‘Free Press,’ and remained there till 1861, when he removed to England, residing first at Sudbury and afterwards in London. He died at 12 Earl's Court Terrace, Kensington, on 10 Dec. 1868. He married in 1835 Christina, third daughter of Major-general Pringle of Symington, Midlothian, and by her had eleven children, of whom eight survived him. Jameson published: 1. ‘Nimrod,’ a poem in blank verse, Edinburgh, 1848, 8vo. 2. ‘The Curse of Gold,’ a novel, London, 1854, 8vo. He was also the author of a tragedy, ‘Timoleon,’ which was acted in Edinburgh at the Theatre Royal, and published; it reached a second edition in 1852.
[Register of Biography, 1868.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jameson, William (1815-1882)

​JAMESON, WILLIAM (1815–1882), botanist, born at Leith in 1815, went to the high school at Edinburgh, and then proceeded to study medicine at the university, where his uncle, Robert Jameson [q. v.], occupied the chair of natural history during half a century. Having passed his examinations in 1838, he was appointed to the Bengal medical service, and on his arrival at Calcutta he was temporarily installed as curator of the museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. After serving at Cawnpore, in 1842 he was appointed superintendent of the Saharunpore garden, in succession to Dr. Hugh Falconer. He energetically advocated the cultivation of tea in British India, and under the patronage of the governor-general, Lord Dalhousie, he succeeded in procuring plants and distributing them in various parts of India. To his services the subsequent development of Indian tea-planting was largely due. He retired on 31 Dec. 1875, and came home, where he died 18 March 1882.
[Proc. Linn. Soc. 1882–3, p. 42; Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb. xiv. (1882) 288–95.]
B. D. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/James the Cistercian

​JAMES the Cistercian (fl. 1270), also called James the Englishman, was the first professor of philosophy and theology in the college which Stephen Lexington [q. v.], abbot of Clairvaux, founded in the house of the counts of Champagne at Paris for the instruction of young Cistercians. He supported St. Thomas Aquinas in contesting the immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary, and is said to have written: 1. ‘Commentaries on the Song of Songs.’ 2. ‘Sermons on the Gospels.’ 3. ‘Lecturæ Scholasticæ.’
[Visch. Bibl. Script. Ord. Cist. p. 142, Douay, ed. 1649; Tanner, Bibl. Brit.-Hib. p. 426; Fabricius, Bibl. Lat. Med. Ævi, iv. 5, ed. 1754; Hist. Litt. de la France, xix. 425.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hatchard, John

​HATCHARD, JOHN (1769–1849), publisher, was born in 1769, and served his apprenticeship with Mr. Ginger of College Street, Westminster. He afterwards became an assistant to Mr. Payne of the Mews Gate, and commenced business on his own account at 173 Piccadilly, London. The publication of a pamphlet, ‘Reform or Ruin,’ in 1797 was the commencement of a long and prosperous publishing career. Hatchard was appointed bookseller to Queen Charlotte and other members of the royal family; he issued the publications of the Society for Bettering the Condition of the Poor, and published the ‘Christian Observer’ from the first number in 1802 to 1845, when he retired from business. He died at Clapham Common, 21 June 1849, in his eighty-first year. His eldest son, the Rev. John Hatchard, was vicar of St. Andrew's, Plymouth, and his second son, Thomas, for some time his partner, succeeded as head of the house of Hatchard & Son, booksellers and publishers, 187 Piccadilly.
[Gent. Mag. August 1849, pp. 210–11; Nichols's Lit. Illustr. viii. 520–4.]
H. R. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hastings, Thomas (fl.1813-1831)

​HASTINGS, THOMAS (fl. 1813–1831), amateur etcher, was collector of customs at Liverpool, and is known an Captain Hastings. He did some good work as an etcher, and was an associate of the Liverpool Academy. He published the following works, illustrated by himself: 1. 'Vestiges of Antiquity, or a Series of Etchings of Canterbury,' 1813. 2. 'Etchings (39) from the Works of Richard Wilson,' 1825. 3. `The British Archer, or Tracts on Archery,' Newport, 1831. He also engraved the plates to Woolnoth's 'Canterbury Cathedral,' 1816.
[Bryan's Dict. of Painters (Graves), 1886, i. 631; Universal Cat. of Books on Art; Brit. Mus. Cat.; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists of the English School.]
A. N.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hatchard, Thomas Goodwin

​HATCHARD, THOMAS GOODWIN (1817–1870), bishop of Mauritius, son of Thomas Hatchard, the publisher (d. 13 Nov. 1858), and grandson of John Hatchard [q. v.], was born at 11 Sloane Street, Chelsea, on 18 Sept. 1817, and educated at King's College, London. He matriculated from Brasenose College, Oxford, as Thomas Goodwyn Hatchard on 11 April 1837, graduated B.A. 1841, M.A. 1845, and D.D. 4 Feb. 1869. He was curate of Windlesham, Surrey, from 1842 to 1844, domestic chaplain to the Marquis of Conyngham from 1845 to 1869; rector of Havant, Hampshire, from 1846 to 1856, and of St. Nicholas, Guildford, Surrey, from 1856 to 1869. He was consecrated bishop of Mauritius in Westminster Abbey on 24 Feb. 1869. He belonged to the moderate evangelical school. As a parochial clergyman he was indefatigable in his duties. He died of fever in the island of Mauritius 28 Feb. 1870. He married, 19 Feb. 1846, Fanny Vincent Steele, second daughter of the Right Rev. Michael Solomon Alexander, bishop of Jerusalem. She died at Cannes, 7 Dec. 1880.
Hatchard wrote: 1. ‘The German Tree. A Moral for the Young,’ 1851. 2. ‘The Floweret Gathered. A brief Memoir of Adelaide Charlotte Hatchard, his daughter,’ 1858. 3. ‘Sermons,’ 1847–62 (four pamphlets). His wife published: 1. ‘Eight Years' Experience of Mothers' Meetings,’ 1871. 2. ‘Prayers for Little Children,’ 1872. 3. ‘Mothers' Meetings, and how to organize them,’ 1875. 4. ‘Mothers of Scripture,’ 1875. 5. ‘Thoughts on the Lord's Prayer,’ 1878. 6. ‘Prayers for Mothers' Meetings,’ 1878.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hastings, Thomas (1740?-1801)

​HASTINGS, THOMAS (1740?–1801), pamphleteer and itinerant bookseller, was born in the bishopric of Durham about 1740. He was apprenticed to an uncle who helped to build Lord Lyttelton's mansion at Hagley, Worcestershire, and after rambling over England worked for a while as a carpenter upon the new buildings in Marylebone, London. He supported the popular cause in Fox's Westminster election of 1784, with 'The Book of the Wars of Westminster, from the fall of the Fox at the close of 1783, to the 20th day of the 3rd month of 1784, an Oriental Prophecy by Archy Macsarconica,' London, 1784, 4to, which was followed by other pamphlets in the style of oriental apologues, such as `The Regal Rambler, or the Eccentrical Adventures of the Devil in London, with the Manœuvres of his Ministers towards the close of the 18th century, translated from the Syriac MS. of Rabbi Solomon,' London, 1793, 8vo. These productions were hawked by the writer about the town. For some years he published in the newspapers on 12 Aug. an 'ode' on the birthday of the Prince of Wales, for which he received a small annual present from Carlton House. He was a regular attendant at the popular Sunday lectures; he dressed as a clergyman, and was known as 'Dr. Green.' He died in New Court, Moor Lane, Cripplegate, London, on 12 Aug. 1801, aged about 60.
[Gent. Mag. September 1801, p. 859; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. iii. 726.]
H. R. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hastings, Thomas (1790-1870)

​HASTINGS, Sir THOMAS (1790–1870), admiral, eldest son of Rev. James Hastings, rector of Martley in Worcestershire, and a distant cousin of Warren Hastings, was born on 3 July 1790. He entered the navy in September 1803, and having served in the Channel, West Indies, and home stations, commanded a gunboat in the Walcheren expedition, and was promoted, 17 Jan. 1810, to be lieutenant of the Badger in the North Sea. From 1811 to 1813 he served in the Hyacinth, and from 1813 to 1815 in the Undaunted, on the Mediterranean coasts of France and Spain, where he was frequently engaged in boat expeditions. He was first lieutenant of the Undaunted when she took Napoleon to Elba in 1814, and was for some time afterwards employed in keeping watch over the island. After the peace Hastings continued in active service, principally in the Mediterranean, till his promotion to commander's rank, 9 May 1825. In November 1828 he was appointed to the Ferret sloop, again in the Mediterranean, and was posted from her on 22 July 1830. In April 1832 he was specially selected as captain of the Excellent, then first instituted as a school of naval gunnery at Portsmouth, He held this important post for thirteen years, during the last six of which he was also superintendentof the Royal Naval College at Portsmouth. His services were officially recognised by his receiving the honour of knighthood, 5 July 1839; and in August 1845, when he retired from the Excellent, he was appointed store-keeper to the ordnance. On 23 Nov. 1850 he was made a civil C.B.; on 27 Sept. 1855, on reaching his flag by seniority, he was placed on the retired list. He was made a civil K.C.B. 9 March 1859, and became in due course vice-admiral 4 Oct. 1862, and admiral 2 April 1866. He died in London on 3 Jan. 1870. He married in 1827 Louisa Elizabeth, daughter of Humphrey Lowe of Bromsgrove in Worcestershire.
[O'Byrne's Nav. Biog. Dict.; Times. 13 Jan. 1870; Army and Navy Gazette, 8 Jan. 1870; United Serv. Mag. 1870, pt. i. 200.]
J. K. L.