OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Boje

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Boje. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Boje, feminine, ‘buoy,’ from the Low German boje, Dutch boei, English buoy, which are borrowed from Romance; compare French bouée, ‘buoy,’ Old French buie, ‘chain, fetter', whence Middle High German boie, ‘fetter'. The ultimate source of the word is Latin boja, ‘fetter’; the buoy was originally a floating piece of wood with a rope fastened to it.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Bolchen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Bolchen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Bolchen, masculine, ‘cod,’ like Belche (1.), from the equivalent Middle High German balche; of obscure origin.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Bohnenlied

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Bohnenlied. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Bohnenlied, ‘bean-song’ (in the phase etwas geht über das Bohnenlied, applied to something incomparably good); the word may be traced as far back as the 15th century, but the song itself has not been discovered. It may have been an obscure poem, since the bean among various nations is adopted as the symbol of lewdness (compare the mediæval bean-feast, Greek πυανέψια).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Bolle

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Bolle. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Bolle (1.), feminine, ‘onion,’ properly identical with the following word; both are subdivisions of a probable primary meaning, ‘bulbaceous.’ It is hardly probable that Greek βολβός, Latin bulbus (whence English bulb), ‘bulb, onion,’ had any influence on the meaning. See also Zwiebel.
Bolle (2.), ‘bulb,’ from Middle High German bolle, Old High German bolla, feminine, ‘bud, bowl’; compare the corresponding Anglo-Saxon bolla, ‘vessel, bowl,’ English bowl (Modern High German Bowle, is borrowed from English). Interesting forms are Old High German hirnibolla, ‘skull,’ and the equivalent Anglo-Saxon heáfodbolla. It is evident that there was originally some such idea as ‘boss-shaped’ in the Old Teutonic word; compare farther Middle High German boln, Old High German bolôn, ‘to roll, throw, hurl.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kribskrabs

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kribskrabs. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kribskrabs, Kribbelkrabbel, masculine, Modern High German, an onomatopoetic term for ‘utter confusion’; compare Modern Dutch kribbelen, ‘to scrawl’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krieche

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Krieche. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krieche, feminine, ‘early sloe,’ from the equivalent Middle High German, feminine, ‘early sloe-tree,’ Old High German chriehboum; compare Dutch kriek, feminine, ‘wild cherry.’ Phonetically it might be derived from Old High German Chriah, Middle High German Kriech, ‘a Greek,’ if *grœca could be found in Middle Latin denoting the tree and the fruit. The word must hare been introduced from Italy, on account of the Latin term (compare Kirsche), for it is inconceivable that the Germans, of their own accord, and without foreign precedent, should lave termed the fruit ‘Greek’ because it was imported, as we assume for the moment, from Greece. At all events, the name has not yet been explained (compare further the French loan-word crèque).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kriechente

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kriechente. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kriechente, see Kriekente.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kriekente

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kriekente. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kriekente, feminine, ‘teal,’ a Low German form for High German Kriech-Ente; wanting in Middle High German and Old High German; it is based on Latin anas crecca, hence also Swedish kräcka. French sarcelle, ‘teal,’ like Italian cerceta, is traced to Latin anas querquedula; thus it has no etymological connection with Kriechente; the same may be said of English crake, corncrake.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krieg

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Krieg. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krieg, masculine, ‘war,’ from Middle High German kriec(g), masculine, ‘exertion, endeavour to obtain something,’ then also ‘opposition, resistance, argument, discord, combat.’ The predominant meaning in Modern High German is the latest and ‘counter-effort' the earliest; compare Middle High German einkriege, adjective, ‘self-willed.’ For a similar evolution of meaning compare Old High German flîȥ, ‘exertion, zeal, quarrel'; see Fleiß. The word is almost entirely unknown to Old High German; it occurs once as chrêg, ‘pertinacia,’ with which widarkrêgi, ‘controversia', widarkriegelîn, ‘obstinatus’ (with obscure ê, ia, ie), are connected. This word, obscure in origin, is shared only by Dutch (krijg) with German; in all the other Teutonic languages it is wanting, Danish and Swedish krig being borrowed from German. Compare the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kringel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kringel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kringel, Krengel, masculine, ‘cracknel,’ diminutive of Kring, or rather Krang; used even in Middle High German as a term in pastry.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krippe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Krippe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krippe, feminine, ‘crib,’ from the equivalent Middle High German krippe, Old High German chrippa, feminine, for chrippja (Gothic *kribjô; for High German pp. from Gothic bj, compare further Rippe, Suppe, and üppig); corresponding to Old Saxon kribbia, kribba, Anglo-Saxon cribb, English crib. In High German occurs a variant with pf, which is phonetically obscure, Old High German chripfa, Middle High German and Modern High German kripfe; there are also dialectic forms with u in the stem, Swiss krüpfli, Low German krübbe, Anglo-Saxon crybb, Scandinavian krubba, ‘crib.’ This word, in Gothic uzêta, ‘the thing from which one feeds,’ is connected with Middle High German krëbe, ‘basket’; hence ‘resembling a basket, woven,’ was perhaps the primary meaning of Krippe. The West Teutonic word passed into ​Romance — Italian greppia, Provençal crupia (the latter connected with the Teutonic forms in u mentioned above), Modern French crèche (whence English cratch, ‘a grated crib,’ Middle English crache).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kreuz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kreuz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kreuz, neuter, ‘cross,’ from the equivalent Middle High German kriuz, kriuze, neuter, Old High German chrûzi, neuter; from Latin crŭci- (dative cruci, accusative crucem), with change of vowel quantity in the stem as in Leier, Lilie, and Litze, and also of gender (compare Abt, Orden, and Pech). The change of medial c in the Latin word to High German tz, though in another group of (older) loan-words Latin c, even before open vowels, appears as k in High German and Teutonic, is due to the fact that words like Keller and Kaiser were introduced into Germany at a far earlier period than Kreuz, which was adopted with Christianity in the 8th and 9th centuries. The Goths used Teutonic Galgen (Gothic galga), the English of the earliest period, rood (compare Rute). The loanword is now found in all the Modern Teutonic languages — Icelandic kross, Swedish and Danish kors, Dutch kruis, English cross.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kreuzer

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kreuzer. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kreuzer, masculine, ‘kreutzer’ (about $\scriptstyle {\frac {1}{3}}$d.), from Middle High German kriuzer, kriuzœre, masculine, a small coin, originally marked with a cross (Middle High German kriuze), ‘kreutzer.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kring

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kring. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kring, masculine, ‘circular pad for the head,’ from Middle High German krinc(g), masculine, ‘circle, ring, district,’ with the Middle German variant kranc(g); Low German has a variant krink with final k, since in the whole of the corresponding class k and g at the end of the stem interchange (compare frank). Scandinavian kring, kringum, adverb, ‘round about,’ kringja, ‘to encircle,’ kringlóttr, adjective, ‘round.’ — English crank, Middle English cranke; English to crankle, ‘to run in a winding course,’ crinkle, ‘wrinkle, bend.’ Modern High German Ring and its cognates differ etymologically from Kring. In the allied Aryan languages some connect Lithuanian gręziù, grężti, ‘to twist, turn,’ with the Aryan root grengh, authenticated by Kring. Greek βρόχος, ‘noose, cord,’ is scarcely akin.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evans

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evans, s. William, of St. Bride's, London, gent. Queen's Coll., matric. 15 March, 1720-1, aged 15; B.A. 4 Feb., 1724-5 (as Evan).
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Francis

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Francis, 5s. James, of Haverfordwest, co. Pembroke, cler. Pembroke Coll., matric. 29 June, 1827, aged 17; scholar 1827-31, B.A. 1831, fellow 1831-43, M.A. 1834.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evan (3)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evan, s. Edward, of Abergwessin, co. Brecon, gent. Oriel Coll., matric. 24 Nov., 1792, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evan Daniel

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evan Daniel, 1s. Evan, of Birmingham, gent. Non-Coll., matric. 26 Jan., 1878, aged 17; a commoner Worcester Coll. 1879, B.A. 1881, M.A. 1886.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evan William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evan William, 1s. William, of Cymryd, co. Merioneth, gent. New Coll., matric. 18 Oct., 1875, aged 33.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Ernest Chester

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Ernest Chester, 1s. John, of Birkenhead, Cheshire, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 17 Oct., 1870, aged 19; scholar 1870-5, B.A. 1875, bar.-at-law, Gray's Inn, 1881. See Foster's Men at the Bar.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Francis Inigo

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Francis Inigo, 5s. Charles Edward, of Warmsworth, Yorks, cler. Pembroke Coll., matric. 30 Jan., 1844, aged 18; brother of George P. See Foster's Yorkshire Collection.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Francis Henry

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Francis Henry, s. Francis Baladon, of Hereford (city), arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 11 July, 1805, aged 17; B.A. 1809, M.A. 1813.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evan (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evan, s. Owen, of Llanymowddwy, co. Merioneth, pleb. Jesus Coll., matric. 27 May, 1773, aged 21.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Thomas, Evan (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Thomas, Evan, s. John, of Carno, co. Montgomery, cler. Wadham Coll., matric. 12 Dec., 1788, aged 17; B.A. from All Souls' Coll. 1793.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sippschaft

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sippschaft | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sippschaft, from MidHG. sipschaft, f., equiv. to MidHG. sippe.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sitte

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sitte | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sitte, f., ‘custom, manner, good-breeding,’ from the equiv. MidHG. site, m. (rarely f.), OHG. situ, m.; a common Teut. word; comp. the equiv. Goth. sidus, OIc. siðr, AS. sidu (wanting in E.), Du. zede, OSax. sidu. It is very probably allied primit. to Gr. ἔθω, gen. ἔθεος (Aryan prim. form sédhos), ‘custom,’ but its connection with Gr. ἔ-μος, ‘true,’ is less likely.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Singrün

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Singrün | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Singrün, n., ‘periwinkle,’ ModHG. only, prop. a LG. word; comp. AS. and MidE. singrêne, OIc. sí-grœ́nn, ‘semperviva’; sin, ‘always,’ is an OTeut. prefix connected with Lat. sem-per. Comp. Sündflut.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Six

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Six | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Six, f. (in the asseveration bei meiner Six, ‘in faith, forsooth’), ModHG. only; early history obscure.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sinter

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sinter | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sinter, m., ‘dross of iron, scale,’ from MidHG. sinter (sinder), OHG. sintar, m., ‘slag, slack’; comp. OIc. sindr, AS. sinder, ‘slag, dross’ (E. sinter is a HG. loan-word). References in the non-Teut. languages are uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sklave

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sklave | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sklave, m., ‘slave,’ from late MidHG. slave, sklave, m., ‘slave,’ prop. ‘a captive of war.’ Derived from the national designation Slave (MidLat. Sclavus, Slavus) during the G. war of annihilation against the Slavs. AS. wealh, ‘Celt’ and ‘slave,’ is similarly derived. The G. word Sklave passed into other Teut. and Rom. languages; comp. Du. slaaf, E. slave, Fr. esclave, Ital. schiavo.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sinn

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sinn | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sinn, m., ‘sense, meaning, import,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. sin (nn), m.; comp. OFris. sin. It cannot be borrowed from Lat. sensus, since a MidHG. and ModHG. str. vb. sinnen co-exists with the subst. The corresponding OHG. vb., sinnan signifies only ‘to travel, strive, go’; which certainly suggests that MidHG. and ModHG. sinnen derived its meaning from OHG. sin, ‘sensus.’ The relation of OHG. sin, ‘senses,’ to sinnan, ‘to set out, go in any direction,’ may be inferred from its early history. The root of OHG. sinnan is the same as that of Teut. sinþo-, ‘way, journey’ (comp. Gesinde), sinnan being based on a pre-historic sentno-. In Lat. sentire, ‘to feel,’ the Aryan root sent (comp. Ir. sét, ‘way’) has an abstract meaning (see sehen), which is also shared by OHG. sinno-. From the OHG. word the equiv. Rom. cognate Ital. senno is derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sittich

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sittich | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sittich, m., ‘parrot,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sittich, m., beside which MidHG. and ModHG. psittich also occurs. Borrowed in the OHG. period from Lat. and Gr. psittacus, contemporaneously with Pfau.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Skizze

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Skizze | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Skizze, f., ‘sketch,’ ModHG. only, formed from Ital. schizzo, which comes from Lat. schedium?. Comp. also Zettel.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sippe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sippe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sippe, f., ‘kin, kindred, family,’ from MidHG. sippe, OHG. sippa, f., ‘consanguinity’; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. sibbea, AS. sibb, Goth. sibja. The pre-historic form sebhyâ indicates a kinship with Sans. sabhâ, ‘tribe, tribal union, kin.’ In OIc. mythology Sif is worshipped as the goddess of the family, and espec. of marriage.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Elf

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Elf. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Elf, masculine, simply Modern High German borrowed in the last century from the equivalent English elf (compare Halle, Heim); also Modern High German Elfe, feminine; for further references see Alp. The Middle High German ęlbe, ęlbinne, feminine, shows that a corresponding Modern High German would have b in place of f.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Ellenbogen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Ellenbogen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Ellenbogen, Ellbogen, masculine, from the equivalent Middle High German ęllenboge, ęlenboge, Old High German ęlinbogo, masculine, ‘elbow.’ Compare Dutch elleboog, Anglo-Saxon ęlnboga, masculine, English elbow, Old Icelandic ǫlnboge, masculine, ‘elbow,’ literally ‘bend of the arm.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Eller

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Eller. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Eller, see Erle. — Elsebeere, similarly.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Elrifze

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Elrifze. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Elrifze, feminine, ‘minnow,’ akin to Middle High German and Old High German erlinc. See Erle.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Ende

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Ende. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Ende, neuter, ‘end, aim, termination,’ from the equivalent Middle High German ęnde, Old High German ęnti, masculine, neuter; corresponds to Old Saxon ęndi, masculine, Dutch einde, Anglo-Saxon ęnde, masculine, English end, Old Icelandic ender, ende, masculine, Gothic andeis, masculine ‘end.’ The common Teutonic stem andja-, from pre-Teutonic antyá-, is closely connected with Sans ánta-s, masculine, ‘boundary, end, edge, border,’ Old Irish êt (from anto-?), ‘end, point.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Elle

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Elle. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Elle, feminine, from the equivalent Middle High German ęlle, ęle, ęln, ęlne, Old High German ęlina (and ęlin), feminine ‘ell’; corresponding to Gothic aleina (wrongly written for *alina?), Old Icelandic ǫln, Anglo-Saxon ęln, feminine, English ell, Dutch el, elle; all these words signify ‘ell,’ which is derived from the literally meaning ‘fore-arm’ (compare Fuß, Spanne, Klafter, as standards of measure). The word in the form ō̆lē̆nâ is also preserved in other Aryan languages. Compare Greek ‘ὠλένη, ‘elbow, arm,’ Latin ulna, ‘elbow, arm, ell,’ Old Irish uile, Sanscrit aratní, Old Slovenian lakŭtĭ (from *olkŭtĭ), Lithuanian ólektis (ŭlektis), ‘elbow, ell,’ are more remote; they also contain, however, the ​comnmon Aryan ŏle- (whence too Ahle?). From the Teutonic *alina the Romance cognates — Italian alna (French aune) — are borrowed. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Elster

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Elster. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Elster, feminine (in Swiss œgeršt, on the Mid-Rhine atzel, Suabian hätz and kœ̂gerš), ‘magpie,’ from the equivalent Middle High German egelster, agelster, aglaster, Old High German aglastra, feminine; corresponding to Old Low German agastria, Low German âgster, Dutch ekster, aakster, ‘magpie.’ Its origin is altogether dubious; -striôn seems here, as sometimes in other cases, to be a feminine suffix. The meaning of the base ag-ul- may have already been ‘magpie,’ as is indicated by Old High German agazza, ‘magpie’ (hence Modern High German atzel for agze-l; compare Blitz, Lenz, Runzel), Anglo-Saxon agu, ‘magpie.’ From the Old Teutonic (type *agatja), Italian gazza, and French agace, are derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Eltern

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Eltern. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Eltern, plural, from the equivalent Middle High German (seldom occurs) ęltern, altern, plural, Old High German ęltiron, (altron), plural, ‘parents’; corresponds to Old Saxon ęldiron, Dutch ouders, ouderen, Anglo-Saxon yldran, Old Frisian aldera, ‘parents’; the plural of the comparative of alt used as a substantive in West Teutonic only. In Anglo-Saxon the corresponding singular yldra in Anglo-Saxon denotes ‘father.’ For a similar evolution of meaning compare Herr, Jünger.