# Book Introduction - Romans

Read first chapter of Romans WRITER: The Apostle Paul (Romans 1:1). DATE: Romans, the sixth in chronological order of Paul's Epistles, was written from Corinth during the apostle's third visit to that city. 2 Corinthians 13:1 in A.D. 60. The Epistle has its occasion in the intention of the apostle soon to visit Rome. Naturally, he would wish to announce before his coming the distinctive truths which had been revealed to and through him. He would desire the Christians in Rome to have his own statement of the great doctrines of grace so bitterly assailed everywhere by legalistic teachers. THEME: The theme of Romans is "the Gospel of God" (Romans 1:1), the very widest possible designation of the whole body of redemption truth, for it is He with whom is "no respect of persons"; and who is not "the God of the Jews only," but "of the Gentiles also" ; Romans 2:11; 3:29. Accordingly, "all the world" is found guilty Romans 3:19, and a redemption is revealed as wide as the need, upon the alone condition of faith. Not only does Romans embody in the fullest way the doctrines of grace in relation to salvation, but in three remarkable chapters (9-11.) the great promises to Israel are reconciled with the promises concerning the Gentiles, and the fulfilment of the former shown to await the completion of the church and coming of the Deliverer out of Zion Romans 11:25-27. The key-phrase is "the righteousness of God" ; Romans 1:17; 3:21,22. The Epistle, exclusive of the introduction ( 1:1-17), is in seven parts.
* The whole world guilty before God, 1:18-3:20.
* Justification through the righteousness of God by faith, the Gospel remedy for guilt, 3:21-5:11.
* Crucifixion with Christ, the resurrection life of Christ, and the walk in the Spirit, the Gospel provision for inherent sin, 5:12-8:13.
* The full result in blessing of the Gospel, 8:14-39.
* Parenthesis: the Gospel does not abolish the covenant promises to Israel, 9:1-11:36.
* Christian life and service, 12:1-15:33.
* The outflow of Christian love, 16:1-27.

# CHAPTER 1
## Verse 3

seed See note on the Davidic descent of Christ, (See Scofield "Luke 3:23").

## Verse 5

for obedience unto obedience to faith, i.e. faith as a principle, or method of divine dealing. Cf. Romans 10:1-11.

## Verse 8

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 16

salvation The Heb. and (Greek - ἀλεκτοροφωνία, safety, preservation, healing, and soundness). Salvation is the great inclusive word of the Gospel, gathering into itself all the redemptive acts and processes: as justification, redemption, grace, propitiation, imputation, forgiveness, sanctification, and glorification. Salvation is in three tenses:
* (1) The believer has been saved from the guilt and penalty of sin Luke 7:50; 1 Corinthians 1:18; 2 Corinthians 2:15; Ephesians 2:5,8; 2 Timothy 1:9 and is safe.
* (2) the believer is being saved from the habit and dominion of sin Romans 6:14; Philippians 1:19; 2:12,13; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; Romans 8:2; Galatians 2:19,20; 2 Corinthians 3:18.
* (3) The believer is to be saved in the sense of entire conformity to Christ. Romans 13:11; Hebrews 10:36; 1 Peter 1:5; 1 John 3:2. Salvation is by grace through faith, is a free gift, and wholly without works ; Romans 3:27,28; 4:1-8 ; 6:23; Ephesians 2:8. The divine order is: first salvation, then works ; Ephesians 2:9,10; Titus 3:5-8.

## Verse 28

did not like refused to have. Lit. did not approve God.

# CHAPTER 2
## Verse 12

sinned Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 13

the law a law. The statement is general, true of "a law," any law.

## Verse 22

commit sacrilege Or, rob temples.

## Verse 23

breaking the law Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 25

breaker of the law Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 26

righteousness (See Scofield "Romans 10:3").

## Verse 27

uncircumcision the uncircumcision, i.e. the Gentiles. breaking the law Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 28

For he (See Scofield "Romans 9:6").

## Verse 29

in the spirit (See Scofield "Romans 7:6").

# CHAPTER 3
## Verse 1

in the spirit (See Scofield "Romans 7:6").

## Verse 5

righteousness (See Scofield "Romans 3:21").

## Verse 6

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 7

sinner (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 8

damnation i.e. condemnation.

## Verse 9

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 10

righteous (See Scofield "Romans 10:10").

## Verse 19

become be brought under the judgment of God.

## Verse 20

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 21

righteousness of God The righteousness of God is neither an attribute of God, not the changed character of the believer, but Christ Himself, who fully met in our stead and behalf every demand of the law, and who is, but the act of God called imputation Leviticus 25:50; James 2:23, "made unto us.. righteousness" 1 Corinthians 1:30. "The believer in Christ is now, by grace, shrouded under so complete and blessed a righteousness that the law from Mt. Sinai can find neither fault nor diminution therein. This is that which is called the righteousness of God by faith."--Bunyan. 2 Corinthians 5:21; Romans 4:6; 10:4; Philippians 3:9; Romans 3:26

## Verse 23

sinned Sin, Summary: The literal meanings of the Heb. and (Greek - ἀλεκτοροφωνία sin," "sinner," etc)., disclose the true nature of sin in its manifold manifestations. Sin is transgression, an overstepping of the law, the divine boundary between good and evil Psalms 51:1; Luke 15:29, iniquity, an act inherently wrong, whether expressly forbidden or not; error, a departure from right ; Psalms 51:9; Romans 3:23, missing the mark, a failure to meet the divine standard; trespass, the intrusion of self-will into the sphere of divine authority Ephesians 2:1, lawlessness, or spiritual anarchy 1 Timothy 1:9, unbelief, or an insult to the divine veracity John 16:9. Sin originated with Satan Isaiah 14:12-14, entered the world through Adam Romans 5:12, was, and is, universal, Christ alone excepted ; Romans 3:23; 1 Peter 2:22, incurs the penalties of spiritual and physical death ; Genesis 2:17; 3:19; Ezekiel 18:4,20; Romans 6:23 and has no remedy but in the sacrificial death of Christ ; Hebrews 9:26; Acts 4:12 availed of by faith Acts 13:38,39. Sin may be summarized as threefold: An act, the violation of, or want of obedience to the revealed will of God; a state, absence of righteousness; a nature, enmity toward God.

## Verse 24

Redemption Redemption, "to deliver by paying a price." The N.T. doctrine. The N.T. records the fulfilment of the O.T. types and prophecies of redemption through the sacrifice of Christ. The completed truth is set forth in the three words which are translated redemption
* (1) agorazo, "to purchase in the market." The underlying thought is of a slave-market. The subjects of redemption are "sold under sin" Romans 7:14 but are, moreover, under sentence of death ; Ezekiel 18:4,; John 3:18,19; Romans 3:19; Galatians 3:10, and the purchase price is the blood of the Redeemer who dies in their stead ; Galatians 3:13; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Matthew 20:28,; Mark 10:45; 1 Timothy 2:6; 1 Peter 1:18.
* (2) exagorazo, "to buy out of the market." The redeemed are never again to be exposed to sale;
* (3) lutroo, "to loose," "to set free by paying a price" John 8:32; Galatians 4:4,5,31; 5:13; Romans 8:21. Redemption is by sacrifice and by power (See Scofield "Exodus 14:30") Christ paid the price, the Holy Spirit makes deliverance actual in experience Romans 8:2.
(See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20"). See Scofield "Romans 1:16". grace Grace (in salvation), Romans 4:4-16; 3:24. (See Scofield "John 1:17").

## Verse 25

propitiation Lit. a propitiatory sacrifice, through faith by his blood; (Greek - ἱλαστήριον, "place of propitiation)." The word occurs, 1 John 2:2; 4:10 as the trans. of hilasmos, "that which propitiates," "a propitiatory sacrifice." Hilasterion is used by the Septuagint, and Hebrews 9:5 for "mercy-seat." The mercy-seat was sprinkled with atoning blood in the day of atonement Leviticus 16:14 in token that the righteous sentence of the law had been (typically) carried out, so that what must else have been a judgment-seat could righteously be a mercy-seat ; Hebrews 9:11-15; 4:14-16, a place of communion Exodus 25:21,22. In fulfilment of the type, Christ is Himself the hilasmos, "that which propitiates," and the hilasterion, "the place of propitiation" --the mercy-seat sprinkled with His own blood-- the token that in our stead He so honoured the law by enduring its righteous sentence that God, who ever foresaw the cross, is vindicated in having "passed over" sins from Adam to Moses Romans 5:13 and the sins of believers under the old covenant (See Scofield "Exodus 29:33") and just in justifying sinners under the covenant. There is no thought in propitiation of placating a vengeful God, but of doing right by His holy law and so making it possible for Him righteously to show mercy. remission passing over of sins done aforetime, i.e. since Adam. Cf. Hebrews 9:15.

## Verse 26

righteousness "His righteousness" here is God's consistency with His own law and holiness in freely justifying a sinner who believes in Christ; that is, one in whose behalf Christ has met every demand of the law Romans 10:4.

## Verse 28

Justification Justification, Summary: Justification and righteousness are inseparably united in Scripture by the fact that the same word (dikaios, "righteous"; dikaioo, "to justify") is used for both. The believing sinner is justified because Christ, having borne his sins on the cross, has been "made unto him righteousness" 1 Corinthians 1:30. Justification originates in grace ; Romans 3:24; Titus 3:4,5 is through the redemptive and propitiatory work of Christ, who has vindicated the law ; Romans 3:24,25; 5:9 is by faith, not works ; Romans 3:28-30; 4:5; 5:1; Galatians 2:16; 3:8,24 and may be defined as the judicial act of God whereby He justly declares righteous one who believes on Jesus Christ. It is the Judge Himself Romans 8:31-34 who thus declares. The justified believer has been in court, only to learn that nothing is laid to his charge. Romans 8:1,33,34.

## Verse 31

Do we then The sinner establishes the law in its right use and honour by confessing his guilt, and acknowledging that by it he is justly condemned. Christ, on the sinner's behalf, establishes the law by enduring its penalty, death. Cf. Matthew 5:17,18.

# CHAPTER 4
## Verse 1

Do we then The sinner establishes the law in its right use and honour by confessing his guilt, and acknowledging that by it he is justly condemned. Christ, on the sinner's behalf, establishes the law by enduring its penalty, death. Cf. Matthew 5:17,18.

## Verse 2

works Cf. James 2:24. These are two aspects of one truth. Paul speaks of that which justifies man before God, viz.: faith alone, wholly apart from works; James of the proof before men, that he who professes to have justifying faith really has it. Paul speaks of what God sees--faith; James of what men see--works, as the visible evidence of faith. Paul draws his illustration from Genesis 15:6 James from Genesis 22:1-19. James' key phrase is "ye see" James 2:24 for men cannot see faith except as manifested through works.

## Verse 3

God Jehovah. Genesis 15:6. counted Or, reckoned, or imputed, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18 same word: righteousnesss See Romans 4:5,6,9,11,13,22. See Romans 3:21. (See Scofield "Romans 3:21").

## Verse 5

counted Or, reckoned, or imputed, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18, same word:

## Verse 6

imputed Or, reckoned, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18, same word:

## Verse 7

iniquites, sins Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 8

Lord Jehovah. Romans 4:7,8. impute Or, reckoned, or imputed, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18, same word:

## Verse 11

imputed Or, reckoned, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18; same word:

## Verse 15

transgression Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 22

imputed Or, reckoned, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18, same word:

## Verse 23

imputed Or, reckoned, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18; same word:

## Verse 24

imputed Or, reckoned, i.e. put to the account of. See Philemon 1:18, same word:

## Verse 25

raised Christ died under our sins 1 Peter 2:24; 2 Corinthians 5:21 that He was raised and exalted to God's right hand, "now to appear in the presence of God for us" Hebrews 9:24 is the token that our sins are gone, that His work for us has the divine approbation and that we, for whom He suffered, are completely justified.

# CHAPTER 5
## Verse 1

raised Christ died under our sins 1 Peter 2:24; 2 Corinthians 5:21 that He was raised and exalted to God's right hand, "now to appear in the presence of God for us" Hebrews 9:24 is the token that our sins are gone, that His work for us has the divine approbation and that we, for whom He suffered, are completely justified.

## Verse 7

righteous See Ro 1: 1:19 (See Scofield "Romans 10:10").

## Verse 10

Reconciliation See Ro 5: 10,11 2 Corinthians 5:18-20; Colossians 1:21.

## Verse 12

The "wherefore" relates back to Romans 3:19-23 and may be regarded as a continuation of the discussion of the universality of sin, interrupted ; Romans 3:24-5:11; by the passage on justification and its results. have sinned The first sin wrought the moral ruin of the race. The demonstration is simple.
* (1) Death is universal (Romans 4:12,14), all die: sinless infants, moral people, religious people, equally with the depraved. For a universal effect there must be a universal cause; that cause is a state of universal sin (Romans 5:12).
* (2) But this universal state must have had a cause. It did. The consequence of Adam's sin was that "the many were made sinners" (Romans 5:19)--"By the offence of one judgment came upon all men unto condemnation" (Romans 5:18).
* (3) Personal sins are not meant here. From Adam to Moses death reigned (Romans 5:14), although, there being no law, personal guilt was not imputed (Romans 5:13). Accordingly, from Genesis 4:7 to Exodus 29:14 the sin-offering is not once mentioned. Then, since physical death from Adam to Moses was not due to the sinful acts of those who die (Romans 5:13), it follows that it was due to a universal sinful state, or nature, and that state is declared to be out inheritance from Adam.
* (4) the moral state of fallen man is described in Scripture Genesis 6:5; 1 Kings 8:46; Psalms 14:1-3; 39:5; Jeremiah 17:9; Matthew 18:11; Mark 7:20,23; Romans 1:21; 2:1-29; 3:9-19 ; 7:24; 8:7; John 3:6; 1 Corinthians 2:14; 2 Corinthians 3:14; 4:4; Galatians 5:19-21; Ephesians 2:1-3,11,12; 4:18-22; Colossians 1:21; Hebrews 3:13; James 4:14; 1 Corinthians 15:22.

## Verse 14

Adam to Moses Broadly, the contrast is: Adam: sin, death; Christ: righteousness, life. Adam drew down into his ruin the old creation Romans 8:19-22 of which he was lord and head. Christ brings into moral unity with God, and into eternal life, the new creation of which he is Lord and Head. Ephesians 1:22,23. Even the animal and material creation, cursed for man's sake. Genesis 3:17 will be delivered by Christ. ; Isaiah 11:6-9; Romans 8:19-22.

## Verse 15

one many the one the many died.

## Verse 16

offences Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 17

offence Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23"). righteousness See Romans 5:17,18,21. (See Scofield "Romans 3:21").

## Verse 18

offence Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 19

sinners Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 21

sin "Sin" in Rom 6., 7. is the nature in distinction from "sins," which are manifestations of that nature. Cf. 1 John 1:8 with 1 John 1:10 where this distinction also appears. grace Grace (in salvation). Ro 5: 2,15- 2111:5,6; 3:24 (See Scofield "John 1:17").

# CHAPTER 6
## Verse 1

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23"). grace Grace (imparted). Romans 5:1,14,15; 12:3,6 6:1-15. (See Scofield "2 Peter 3:18").

## Verse 2

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 3

so many all we who were baptized.

## Verse 6

old self The expression occurs elsewhere, in Ephesians 4:22; Colossians 3:9 and always means the man of old, corrupt human nature, the inborn tendency to evil in all men. In Romans 6:6 it is the natural man himself; in ; Ephesians 4:22; Colossians 3:9 his ways. Positionally, in the reckoning of God, the old man is crucified, and the believer is exhorted to make this good in experience, reckoning it to be so by definitely "putting off" the old man and "putting on" the new ; Colossians 3:8-14; 4:24, (See Scofield "Ephesians 4:24") , note 3.

## Verse 10

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23"). once Lit. once for all. Hebrews 10:10-12,14.

## Verse 12

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 13

unrighteousness Righteousness. Romans 6:13,16-0, (See Scofield "Romans 10:10"). sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 15

What then The old relation to the law and sin, and the new relation to Christ and life are illustrated by the effect of death upon servitude Romans 6:16-23 and marriage Romans 7:1-6.
* (1) The old servitude was nominally to the law, but, since the law had no delivering power, the real master continued to be sin in the nature. The end was death. The law could not give life, and "sin" (here personified as the old self) is in itself deathful. But death in another form, ie., crucifixion with Christ, has intervened to free the servant from his double bondage to sin (Romans 6:6,7), and to the law Romans 7:4,6
* (2) This effect of death is further illustrated by widowhood. Death dissolves the marriage relation Romans 7:1-3. As natural death frees a wife from the law of her husband, so crucifixion with Christ sets the believer free from the law. (See Scofield "Galatians 3:24")

## Verse 16

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 17

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23")

## Verse 18

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 19

holiness sanctification. (See Scofield "Revelation 22:11")

## Verse 22

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23"). holiness sanctification. (See Scofield "Revelation 22:11").

## Verse 23

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

# CHAPTER 7
## Verse 1

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 4

married joined. Ephesians 5:31, same Greek word. Bride (of Christ). 2 Corinthians 11:1-3; John 3:29; Revelation 19:6-8.

## Verse 6

newness Cf. Romans 2:29; 2 Corinthians 3:6. "The letter" is a Paulinism for the law, as "spirit" in these passages is his word for the relationships and powers of new life in Christ Jesus. In 2 Cor. 3. a series is presented of contrast of law with "spirit," of the old covenant and the new. The contrast is not between two methods of interpretation, literal, and spiritual, but between two methods of divine dealing: one through the law, the other through the Holy Spirit.

## Verse 7

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 8

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 9

when the commandment The passage (vs 7-25) is autobiographical. Paul's religious experience was in three strongly marked phases:
* (1) He was a godly Jew under the law. That the passage does not refer to that period is clear from his own explicit statements elsewhere. At that time he held himself to be "blameless" as concerned the law Philippians 3:6. He had "lived in all good conscience" Acts 23:1.
* (2) With his conversion came new light upon the law itself. He now perceived it to be "spiritual" (Romans 7:14). He now saw that, so far from having kept it, he was condemned by it. He had supposed himself to be "alive," but now the commandment really "came" (Romans 7:9) and he "died." Just when the apostle passed through the experience of Romans 7:7-25 we are not told. Perhaps during the days of physical blindness at Damascus Acts 9:9, perhaps in Arabia Galatians 1:17.
It is the experience of a renewed man, under the law, and still ignorant of the delivering power of the Holy Spirit Romans 8:2.
* (3) With the great revelations afterward embodied in Galatians and Romans, the apostle's experience entered it third phase. He now knew himself to be "dead to the law by the body of Christ," and, in the power of the indwelling Spirit, "free from the law of sin and death" Romans 8:2 while "the righteousness of the law" was wrought in him (not by him) while he walked after the Spirit Romans 8:4, Romans 7. is the record of past conflicts and defeats experience as a renewed man under law.
sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 11

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 13

sin/sinful Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 14

carnal Cf. 1 Corinthians 3:1,4. "Carnal" = "fleshly" is Paul's word for the Adamic nature, and for the believer who "walks," i.e. lives, under the power of it. "Natural" is his characteristic word for the unrenewed man 1 Corinthians 2:14 as "spiritual" designates the renewed man who walks in the Spirit ; 1 Corinthians 3:1; Galatians 6:1. sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 15

I do I allow not The apostle personifies the strife of the two natures in the believer, the old or Adamic nature, and the divine nature received through the new birth 1 Peter 1:23; 2 Peter 1:4; Galatians 2:20; Colossians 1:27. The "I" which is Saul of Tarsus, and the "I" which is Paul the apostle are at strife, and "Paul" is in defeat. In Chapter 8, this strife is effectually taken up on the believer's behalf by the Holy Spirit ; Romans 8:2; Galatians 5:16,17 and Paul is victorious. Contra, Ephesians 6:12 where the conflict is not fleshly, but spiritual.

## Verse 17

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 20

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 21

law Six "laws" are to be distinguished in Romans: The law of Moses, which condemns Romans 3:19 "law" as a principle Romans 3:21 the law of faith, which excludes self-righteousness Romans 3:27 the law of sin in the members, which is victorious over the law of the mind Romans 7:21,23,25 the law of the mind, which consents to the law of Moses but cannot do it because of the law of sin in the members Romans 7:16,23 and the "law of the Spirit," having power to deliver the believer from the law of sin which is in his members, and his conscience from condemnation by the Mosaic law. Moreover the Spirit works in the yielded believer the very righteousness which Moses' law requires Romans 8:2,4.

## Verse 23

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 24

from the body Or, out of this body of death. Romans 8:11; 1 Corinthians 15:51,52; 1 Thessalonians 4:14-17.

## Verse 25

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

# CHAPTER 8
## Verse 1

who walk The statement ends with "Christ Jesus"; the last ten words are interpolated.

## Verse 2

Spirit Hitherto in Romans the Holy Spirit has been mentioned but once Romans 5:5 in this chapter He is mentioned nineteen times. Redemption is by blood and by power. (See Scofield "Exodus 14:30"). ; Romans 3:21-5:11; speaks of the redemptive price; Ro 8. of redemptive power. sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 3

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 10

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 5:21").

## Verse 13

mortify make to die the doings of the body.

## Verse 16

children (Greek - τέκνον, "one born," a child (and so in Romans 8:17,21); not, as in Romans 8:14, "sons" (gr. huios). See Galatians 4:1,7 where babyhood and sonhood are contrasted. Also "Adoption" ; Romans 8:15,23; Ephesians 1:5.

## Verse 23

adoption Lit. placing as sons. See Adoption, Romans 8:15.

## Verse 38

angels (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4").

## Verse 39

creature Or, created thing.

# CHAPTER 9
## Verse 1

creature Or, created thing.

## Verse 6

For they are not all Israel The distinction is between Israel after the flesh, the mere natural posterity of Abraham, and Israelites who, through faith, are also Abraham's spiritual children. Gentiles who believe are also of Abraham's spiritual seed; but here the apostle is not considering them, but only the two kinds of Israelites, the natural and the spiritual Israel. (Romans 4:1-3; Galatians 3:6,7; John 8:37-39.) (See Scofield "Romans 11:1").

## Verse 7

children Also Romans 9:8. (Greek - τέκνον, child). (See Scofield "Romans 8:16")

## Verse 26

children (Greek - τέκνον, sons). (See Scofield "Ephesians 1:5") God Hosea 1:10

## Verse 27

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 28

Lord Adonai Jehovah. Isaiah 10:23.

## Verse 29

Lord of LORD of hosts. Isaiah 1:9.

## Verse 30

righteousness (See Scofield "Romans 10:10").

## Verse 31

righteousness Scofield "Romans 10:3".

# CHAPTER 10
## Verse 1

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 3

righteousness The word "righteousness" here, and in the passages having marginal references to this, means legal, or self-righteousness; the futile effort of man to work out under law a character which God can approve. (See Scofield "Revelation 19:8"). righteousness Cf. (See Scofield "Romans 3:21").

## Verse 9

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 10

righteousness Righteousness here, and in the passages which refer to Romans 10:10, means that righteousness of God which is judicially reckoned to all who believe on the Lord Jesus Christ; believers are the righteous. (See Scofield "Romans 3:21").

## Verse 13

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 18

world oikoumene = inhabited earth. (See Scofield "Luke 2:1").

# CHAPTER 11
## Verse 1

cast That Israel has not been forever set aside is the theme of this chapter.
* (1) The salvation of Paul proves that there is still a remnant (Romans 11:1)
* (2) The doctrine of the remnant proves it (Romans 11:2-6).
* (3) The present national unbelief was foreseen (Romans 11:7-10).
* (4) Israel's unbelief is the Gentile opportunity (Romans 11:11-25).
* (5) Israel is judicially broken off from the good olive tree, Christ (Romans 11:17-22).
* (6) They are to be grafted in again (Romans 11:23,24).
* (7) The promised Deliverer will come out of Zion and the nation will be saved (Romans 11:25-29). That the Christian now inherits the distinctive Jewish promises is not taught in Scripture. The Christian is of the heavenly seed of Abraham ; Genesis 15:5,6; Galatians 3:29 and partakes of the spiritual blessings of the Abrahamic Covenant.
(See Scofield "Genesis 15:18") but Israel as a nation always has it own place, and is yet to have its greatest exaltation as the earthly people of God. See "Israel" Genesis 12:2; Romans 11:26 "Kingdom" ; Genesis 1:26-28; Zechariah 12:8. For Another Point of View: See Topic 301242

## Verse 5

Remnant Remnant, Summary: In the history of Israel, a "remnant" may be discerned, a spiritual Israel within the national Israel. In Elijah's time 7,000 had not bowed the knee to Baal 1 Kings 19:18. In Isaiah's time it was the "very small remnant" for whose sake God still forbore to destroy the nation Isaiah 1:9. During the captivities the remnant appears in Jews like Ezekiel, Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, Esther, and Mordecai. At the end of the 70 years of Babylonian captivity it was the remnant which returned under Ezra and Nehemiah. At the advent of our Lord, John the Baptist, Simeon, Anna, and "them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem" Luke 2:38 were the remnant. During the church-age the remnant is composed of believing Jews Romans 11:4,5. But the chief interest in the remnant is prophetic. During the great tribulation a remnant out of all Israel will turn to Jesus as Messiah, and will become His witnesses after the removal of the church Revelation 7:3-8. Some of these will undergo martyrdom Revelation 6:9-11 some will be spared to enter the millennial kingdom Zechariah 12:6-13:9. Many of the Psalms express, prophetically, the joys and sorrows of the tribulation remnant. remnant Remnant. See, Isaiah 1:9. grace Grace (in salvation). vs. 2 Corinthians 8:9; Romans 3:24 See note, (See Scofield "John 1:17").

## Verse 8

God Jehovah. Isaiah 29:10.

## Verse 12

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8")

## Verse 14

save (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 15

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 23

abide See, Jeremiah 3:21-25; 50:4,5; 2 Corinthians 3:16.

## Verse 25

fullness The "fullness of the Gentiles" is the completion of the purpose of God in this age, viz. the outcalling from among the Gentiles of a people for Christ's name, "the church which is His body" Ephesians 1:22,23 Cf ; Acts 15:14; Ephesians 4:11-13; 1 Corinthians 12:12,13. It must be distinguished from "the times of the Gentiles" Luke 21:24. mystery See note, (See Scofield "Matthew 13:11").

## Verse 26

Jacob Summary: Israel, so named from the grandson of Abraham, was chosen for a fourfold mission:
* (1) To witness to the unity of God in the midst of universal idolatry Deuteronomy 6:4; Isaiah 43:10,12,
* (2) to illustrate to the nations the blessedness of serving the true God Deuteronomy 33:26-29; 1 Chronicles 17:20,21; Psalms 144:15.
* (3) to receive, preserve, and transmit the Scripture Deuteronomy 4:5-8; Romans 3:1,2.
* (4) to produce, as to His humanity, the Messiah Genesis 3:15; 12:3; 22:18; 28:10-14; 49:10; 2 Samuel 7:12-16; Isaiah 7:14; 9:6; Matthew 1:1; Romans 1:3. According to the prophets, Israel, regathered from all nations, restored to her own land and converted, is yet to have her greatest earthly exaltation and glory. See "Kingdom (O.T.)" ; Genesis 1:26; Zechariah 12:8.
(See Scofield "Zechariah 12:8") N.T. Luke 1:31-33; 1 Corinthians 15:24. "Davidic Covenant" (See Scofield "2 Samuel 7:16"). For Another Point of View: See Topic 301242

## Verse 27

sins Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23")

# CHAPTER 12
## Verse 1

mercies i.e. The "mercies" described in Romans 3:22; 8:39. service (Greek - τέκνον, trans). "divine service," Hebrews 9:1.

## Verse 3

grace Grace (imparted). Romans 12:3,6; 15:15; Romans 6:1; 2 Peter 3:18.

## Verse 9

dissimulation hypocrisy.

# CHAPTER 13
## Verse 2

damnation Condemnation, i.e. in the sense of judgment by the magistrate.

## Verse 8

Owe See Leviticus 19:13; Proverbs 22:7.

## Verse 11

nearer "Nearer" in the sense of the full result of salvation in glory. (See Scofield "Romans 1:16"). Also, 1 John 3:2.

# CHAPTER 14
## Verse 1

to doubtful for decisions of doubts, i.e. doubts about meats, etc. The church has no authority to decide questions of personal liberty in things not expressly forbidden in Scripture. Romans 14:2-6.

## Verse 17

kingdom See, Galatians 4:9-11; Colossians 2:20-23. (See Scofield "Matthew 6:33"). righteousness (See Scofield "Romans 10:10").

## Verse 23

damned condemned, i.e. as in Romans 14:22. sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

# CHAPTER 15
## Verse 11

Lord Jehovah. Psalms 117:1.

## Verse 15

grace Grace (imparted). 1 Corinthians 1:4; Romans 6:1; 2 Peter 3:18.

## Verse 32

joy See, 2 John 1:4; 3 John 1:4; Philemon 1:20

# CHAPTER 16
## Verse 25

mystery (See Scofield "Matthew 13:11"). The "mystery" here is the Church; Ephesians 3:1-9.

## Verse 26

obedience See margin ref., (See Scofield "Romans 1:5"). Faith as a system, in contrast with law as a system.
* ↑ strong="G219"
* ↑ strong="G219"
* ↑ strong="G2435"
* ↑ strong="G5043"
* ↑ strong="G5043"
* ↑ strong="G5043"
* ↑ strong="G5043"