OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lee v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
393 U.S. 1053
Lee v. United States
Lee S. Kreindler and Samuel N. Hecsh, for petitioners.
Solicitor General Griswold, Assistant Attorney General Weisl, Morton Hollander and Leonard Schaitman, for the United States.
Petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Lee v. Washington/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
390 U.S. 333
Lee v. Washington
Argued: Nov. 7, 1967. --- Decided: March 11, 1968
This appeal challenges a decree of a three-judge District Court declaring that certain Alabama statutes violate the Fourteenth Amendment to the extent that they require segregation of the races in prisons and jails, and establishing a schedule for desegregation of these institutions. The State's contentions that Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which relates to class actions, was violated in this case and that the challenged statutes are not unconstitutional are without merit. The remaining contention of the State is that the specific orders directing desegregation of prisons and jails make no allowance for the necessities of prison security and discipline, but we do not so read the 'Order, Judgment and Decree' of the District Court, which when read as a whole we find unexceptionable.
The judgment is affirmed.
Mr. Justice BLACK, Mr. Justice HARLAN, and Mr. Justice STEWART, concurring.
In joining the opinion of the Court, we wish to make explicit something that is left to be gathered only by implication from the Court's opinions. This is that prison authorities have the right, acting in good faith and in particularized circumstances, to take into account racial tensions in maintaining security, discipline, and good order in prisons and jails. We are unwilling to assume that state or local prison authorities might mistakenly regard such an explicit pronouncement as evincing any dilution of this Court's firm commitment to the Fourteenth Amendment's prohibition of racial discrimination.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Lee v. Washington

United States Supreme Court
390 U.S. 333
Lee, Commissioner of Corrections of Alabama, et al. v. Washington et al.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
No. 75. Argued: November 7, 1967 --- Decided: March 11, 1968
A three-judge District Court declared Alabama statutes requiring racial segregation in prisons unconstitutional and established a schedule for desegregation. The State's challenges of the judgment based on Fed. Rule Civ. Proc. 23 (relating to class actions), the claimed constitutionality of the statutes, and the failure to allow for necessary prison security and discipline, held to be without merit.
263 F. Supp. 327, affirmed.
Nicholas S. Hare, Special Assistant Attorney General of Alabama, argued the cause for appellants. With him on the briefs were MacDonald Gallion, Attorney General, Gordon Madison, Assistant Attorney General, and J. M. Breckenridge.
Charles Morgan, Jr., argued the cause for appellees. With him on the brief were Orzell Billingsley, Jr., and Melvin L. Wulf.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Lee v. Robinson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
196 U.S. 64
Lee v. Robinson
Argued: December 6, 7, 1904. --- Decided: December 19, 1904
Mr. William H. Lyles for plaintiff in error.
Mr. D. W. Robinson for defendant in error.
Mr. William Elliott, Jr., as amicus curioe.
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Lee v. Simpson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
134 U.S. 572
Lee v. Simpson
Le Roy F. Youmans, J. P. Carey, and A. C. King, for appellant.
Augustin T. Smythe, Joseph H. Earle, and James L. Orr, for appellee.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 573-574 intentionally omitted]
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1624/A Month of Memories

* II. — A MONTH OF MEMORIES.
* O month of many memories, good-bye!
* Ghosts throng your moon-bathed nights, and sultry days;
* They gather round me in some silent place.
* Their breath is in the roses, and their cry
* In songs of birds that dare the sunlit sky;
* They meet me in the twilight face to face.
* And when I walk through lone, night-cover'd ways.
* In sadly murmuring winds I hear them sigh;
* Then am I as a man who sees in dreams
* Some dead, beloved face, and seeing, deems
* The past a dream, the dream reality!
* But oh! the bitter waking, when, alas!
* He knows the mocking dream for what it was,
* And gazes on a new day, hopelessly.
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1623

LITTELL'S LIVING AGE.
| Fifth Series, Volume XI. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | No. 1623. — July 17, 1875. | $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ | From Beginning Vol. CXXVI. |
CONTENTS. :
| I. | Sea Studies. By J. A. Froude, | Fraser's Magazine, | 131 |
| II. | The Dilemma. Part II., | Blackwood's Magazine, | 146 |
| III. | Thomas Love Peacock: a Personal Reminiscence. By Robert Buchanan, | New Quarterly Review, | 157 |
| IV. | Fated to be Free. By Jean Ingelow. Part VIII., | Good Words, | 165 |
| V. | Peasant Life in North Italy, | Fraser's Magazine, | 177 |
| VI. | Sir John Lubbock on Bees and Ants, | Spectator, | 189 |
POETRY. :
| He Giveth His Beloved Sleep, | 130 | Only a Woman, | 130 |
| Miscellany, | Miscellany, | Miscellany, | 192 |
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1624

LITTELL'S LIVING AGE.
| Fifth Series, Volume XI. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | No. 1624. — July 24, 1875. | $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ | From Beginning Vol. CXXVI. |
CONTENTS. :
| I. | New Series of Wellington Despatches, | Edinburgh Review, | 195 |
| II. | Fated to be Free. By Jean Ingelow. Part IX., | Good Words, | 211 |
| III. | Elementary Education in Italy, | Macmillan's Magazine, | 223 |
| IV. | The Dilemma. Part III., | Blackwood's Magazine, | 231 |
| V. | In a Studio. By W. W. Story, | Blackwood's Magazine, | 241 |
| VI. | The French Radicals, | Pall Mall Gazette, | 251 |
| VII. | Religious Strife on the Continent, | Pall Mall Gazette, | 253 |
POETRY. :
| A Quartette of Sonnets. | | Two Sonnets. | |
| I. — A Word for the Wind, | 194 | I. — Clouds on Whiteface, | 194 |
| II. — A Month of Memories, | 194 | II. — Chocorua, | 194 |
| III. — Prisoned Thoughts, | 194 | |
| IV. — Early Violets, | 194 |
| Miscellany, | Miscellany, | 255, 256 | 255, 256 |
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1623/Only a Woman

* ONLY A WOMAN.
* Only a woman, shrivelled and old,
* The prey of the winds, and the prey of the cold!
* Cheeks that are shrunken,
* Eyes that are sunken.
* Lips that were never o'erbold;
* Only a woman, forsaken and poor,
* Asking an alms at the bronze church-door.
* Hark to the organ! roll upon roll
* The waves of its music go over the soul!
* Silks rustle past her
* Thicker and faster;
* The great bell ceases its toll.
* Fain would she enter, but not for the poor
* Swingeth wide open the bronze church-door.
* Only a woman — waiting alone.
* Icily cold on an ice-cold throne.
* What do they care for her.
* Mumbling a prayer for her,
* Giving not bread but a stone.
* Under gold laces their haughty hearts beat.
* Mocking the woes of their kin in the street.
* Only a woman! In the older days
* Hope carolled to her happiest lays;
* Somebody missed her,
* Somebody kissed her,
* Somebody crowned her with praise;
* Somebody faced up the battles of life.
* Strong for her sake who was mother or wife.
* Somebody lies with a tress of her hair
* Light on his heart where the death-shadows are;
* Somebody waits for her.
* Opening the gates for her,
* Giving delight for despair.
* Only a woman — nevermore poor —
* Dead in the snow at the bronze church-door.
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1622/The Creed of the Future

* THE CREED OF THE FUTURE.
* "I don't believe in either God or Man.
* Conscious Automata, we nothing can,
* Save as our atoms feel tyrannic chance;
* All is heredity and circumstance.
* Conscience, — Freewill, — absurd! And if you ask
* How on these terms fulfil life's daily task?
* What motives? And what conduct? — look at me:
* One more respectable you'll scarcely see.
* As family-man, friend, citizen, professor.
* Be you, or public judgment, my assessor."
* "Good, my dear sir! — but we must wait, I doubt.
* To notice how your grandchildren turn out,
* Born in the doctrine, reared upon the plan,
* Of total disbelief in God and Man.
* Let this experiment be fairly made.
* Nor Science mourn, by her high priests betray'd;
* Oh, let her teach them, from their tenderest youth.
* The Truth, the whole Truth, nothing but the Truth —
* Material Atoms, and Mechanic Force;
* And send the boys and girls rejoicing on their course!"
* Fraser's Magazine.
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 126/Issue 1623/He Giveth His Beloved Sleep

* HE GIVETH HIS BELOVED SLEEP.
* BY ANTONIA DICKSON.
* A little child rests on a bed of pain,
* With an aching head and a throbbing brain;
* A feverish flush on the soft cheek lies,
* And a wistful look in the sweet blue eyes,
* As the sick child moans: "How the slow hours creep!
* Will the Lord not send to His little one sleep?"
* And the mother smoothed from the child's brow fair
* The clustering locks of her golden hair,
* And murmured: "My darling, we cannot tell;
* But we know that the Father doth all things well;
* And we know that never a creature in pain
* Addressed a prayer to His mercy in vain.
* Time has no line that His hand may not smooth;
* Life has no grief that His love cannot soothe;
* And the fevered brow shall have rest at last.
* In the healing shade from the Death-Cross cast.
* Look up, my precious one; why shouldst thou weep?
* The Lord giveth aye to His loved ones sleep."
* And the little one gazed with a glad surprise
* In the loving depths of those patient eyes,
* Then lifted her lips for one long embrace.
* And turned with a smile on her weary face.
* And the mother smiled as the early morn
* Marked the deep peace on the childish form,
* And cried aloud in her thankfulness deep:
* "The dear Lord be praised, who hath given her sleep!"
* Ay, mother — she sleeps, in that charmed repose,
* That shall waken no more to earth's pains and woes.
* For the Saviour hath gathered His lamb to His breast.
* Where never life's storms shall her peace molest.
* His dear love willed not that time should trace
* One sorrowful line on that innocent face;
* Others, less favoured, might suffer their share
* Of the midnight toil and the noontide glare;
* Others might labour, others might weep,
* But "the Lord giveth aye to His loved ones sleep."
* Chambers' Journal.
# Letter From John Pelham to Jefferson Davis

* related portals: American Civil War.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
John Pelham, later Major in Confederate Army, writing to Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy, in spring of 1861, while Pelham was still attending West Point Military Academy
His Excellency Jeff. Davis
West Point, N.Y. Feb 27th '61
Dear Sir, Being still a member of the Mily Acad'y, I don't think it would be exactly proper for me to offer my services to the new government but I am anxious to serve it to the best of my ability. If you think it would be better for me to resign now than to wait and graduate which will be in June a single word from you will cause me to resign and as soon as my resignation is accepted, I will con¬sider myself under your orders and repair to Montgomery without delay.
I am a member of the 1st class which graduates in June next -- you know the importance of that portion of the course still to be completed, and also whether my services are needed at present. May I expect a recall if needed?
Most Respect'y Your ObIt Serv't Jno. Pelham of Alabama
# Letter From the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate Regarding the War Powers Resolution

Issued on 13 January 2013
TEXT OF A LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT TO THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE January 13, 2013
Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:)
On January 11, 2013, French forces conducted an operation in Somalia in which they attempted to rescue a French citizen being held hostage by al-Shabaab. United States forces provided limited technical support to the French forces in that operation, but took no direct part in the assault on the compound where it was believed the French citizen was being held hostage. United States combat aircraft briefly entered Somali airspace to support the rescue operation, if needed. These aircraft did not employ weapons during the operation. The U.S. forces that supported this operation left Somalia by approximately 8:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on January 11, 2013.
I directed U.S. forces to support this rescue operation in furtherance of U.S. national security interests, and pursuant to my constitutional authority to conduct U.S. foreign relations and as Commander in Chief and Chief Executive.
I am providing this report as part of my efforts to keep the Congress fully informed, consistent with the War Powers Resolution (Public Law 93-148). I appreciate the support of the Congress in this action.
BARACK OBAMA
THE WHITE HOUSE,
    January 15, 2013.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Letter To Nathaniel Macon, Monticello, January 12, 1819

Monticello, January 12, 1819
Dear Sir,
—The problem you had wished to propose to me was one which I could not have solved; for I knew nothing of the facts. I read no newspaper now but Ritchie’s, and in that chiefly the advertisements, for they contain the only truths to be relied on in a newspaper. I feel a much greater interest in knowing what has passed two or three thousand years ago, than in what is now passing. I read nothing, therefore, but of the heroes of Troy, of the wars of Lacedæmon and Athens, of Pompey and Cæsar, and of Augustus too, the Bonaparte and parricide scoundrel of that day. I have had, and still have, such entire confidence in the late and present Presidents, that I willingly put both soul and body into their pockets. While such men as yourself and your worthy colleagues of the legislature, and such characters as compose the executive administration, are watching for us all, I slumber without fear, and review in my dreams the visions of antiquity. There is, indeed, one evil which awakens me at times, because it jostles me at every turn. It is that we have now no measure of value. I am asked eighteen dollars for a yard of broadcloth, which, when we had dollars, I used to get for eighteen shillings; from this I can only understand that a dollar is now worth but two inches of broadcloth, but broadcloth is no standard of measure or value. I do not know, therefore, whereabouts I stand in the scale of property, nor what to ask, or what to give for it. I saw, indeed, the like machinery in action in the years ’80 and ’81, and without dissatisfaction; because in wearing out, it was working out our salvation. But I see nothing in this renewal of the game of “Robin’s alive” but a general demoralization of the nation, a filching from industry its honest earnings, wherewith to build up palaces, and raise gambling stock for swindlers and shavers, who are to close too their career of piracies by fraudulent bankruptcies. My dependence for a remedy, however, is with the wisdom which grows with time and suffering. Whether the succeeding generation is to be more virtuous than their predecessors, I cannot say; but I am sure they will have more worldly wisdom, and enough, I hope, to know that honesty is the first chapter in the book of wisdom. I have made a great exertion to write you thus much; my antipathy to taking up a pen being so intense that I have never given you a stronger proof, than in the effort of writing a letter, how much I value you, and of the superlative respect and friendship with which I salute you.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Henry Jarmin

To Henry Jarmin.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter, passing to Court to him, by water

To Endimion Porter, passing to Court to him, by water.
Ode.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter, upon his recovery from a long Sicknesse

To Endimion Porter, upon his recovery from a long Sicknesse.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter (3)

To Endimion Porter.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To I. C. Rob'd by his Man Andrew

To I. C.
Rob'd by his Man
Andrew.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter (1)

To Endimion Porter.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter (2)

To Endimion Porter.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To I. W. vpon the death of his Mistresse

To I. W. Vpon the death of his Mistresse.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter, When my Comedy (call'd the Wits) was presented at Black-Fryars

To Endimion Porter, When my Comedy (call'd the Wits) was presented at Black-Fryars.
# Madagascar; with Other Poems/To Endimion Porter (4)

To Endimion Porter.
# Les Misérables/Volume 4/Book Fourteenth/Chapter 3

They threw a long black shawl of Widow Hucheloup's over Father Mabeuf. Six men made a litter of their guns; on this they laid the body, and bore it, with bared heads, with solemn slowness, to the large table in the tap-room.
These men, wholly absorbed in the grave and sacred task in which they were engaged, thought no more of the perilous situation in which they stood.
When the corpse passed near Javert, who was still impassive, Enjolras said to the spy:--
"It will be your turn presently!"
During all this time, Little Gavroche, who alone had not quitted his post, but had remained on guard, thought he espied some men stealthily approaching the barricade. All at once he shouted:--
"Look out!"
Courfeyrac, Enjolras, Jean Prouvaire, Combeferre, Joly, Bahorel, Bossuet, and all the rest ran tumultuously from the wine-shop. It was almost too late. They saw a glistening density of bayonets undulating above the barricade. Municipal guards of lofty stature were making their way in, some striding over the omnibus, others through the cut, thrusting before them the urchin, who retreated, but did not flee.
The moment was critical. It was that first, redoubtable moment of inundation, when the stream rises to the level of the levee and when the water begins to filter through the fissures of dike. A second more and the barricade would have been taken.
Bahorel dashed upon the first municipal guard who was entering, and killed him on the spot with a blow from his gun; the second killed Bahorel with a blow from his bayonet. Another had already overthrown Courfeyrac, who was shouting: "Follow me!" The largest of all, a sort of colossus, marched on Gavroche with his bayonet fixed. The urchin took in his arms Javert's immense gun, levelled it resolutely at the giant, and fired. No discharge followed. Javert's gun was not loaded. The municipal guard burst into a laugh and raised his bayonet at the child.
Before the bayonet had touched Gavroche, the gun slipped from the soldier's grasp, a bullet had struck the municipal guardsman in the centre of the forehead, and he fell over on his back. A second bullet struck the other guard, who had assaulted Courfeyrac in the breast, and laid him low on the pavement.
This was the work of Marius, who had just entered the barricade.
# Les Misérables/Volume 4/Book Fourteenth

Chapters:
* Chapter 1: The Flag: Act First
* Chapter 2: The Flag: Act Second
* Chapter 3: Gavroche would have done better to accept Enjolras' Carbine
* Chapter 4: The Barrel of Powder
* Chapter 5: End of the Verses of Jean Prouvaire
* Chapter 6: The Agony of Death after the Agony of Life
* Chapter 7: Gavroche as a Profound Calculator of Distances
# Les Misérables/Volume 4/Book Fourth

Chapters:
* Chapter 1: A Wound without, Healing within
* Chapter 2: Mother Plutarque finds no Difficulty in explaining a Phenomenon
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 127/Issue 1638/Literature versus Science

* LITERATURE VERSUS SCIENCE.
* "Literature — that is a very high flight. Science — that is a higher flight still." — Mr. Gladstone at the Hawarden Literary Institute.
* Your pardon, dear Gladstone. We seldom dispute.
* Are you rightly reported? Punch cannot be mute.
* As a recognized leader and lover of letters,
* He will not admit the professors his betters,
* Or let Archimedes fly higher than Homer,
* Through whose infinite realm you're a fortunate roamer.
* Our Newton reached science's summit, we know,
* But on poetry's peak was great Shakespeare below?
* Imagine the wrathful discussion 'twould kindle
* If we had to decide 'twixt the laureate and Tyndall!
* Punch, proctor of letters, designs no defiance
* To the absolute definite value of science;
* But he holds that by logic 'tis clearly deducible
* That the pen beats retort and alembic and crucible.
* Beats compass, theodolite, sewing-machine.
* Creates or suggests them, and tells what they mean.
* It gives us the easiest record of thought,
* And without its strong aid all our science were nought
* September's long lights cross the lawn and the garden,
* You, statesman retired, enjoy autumn at Ha'arden;
* Punch hopes, when you've felled the due number of trees.
* On the turf by the castle there, sitting at ease.
* You'll just reconsider that saying of yours —
* Since you're one whose terse apophthegm always endures.
* The different grooves which are occupied scan:
* See, science takes nature, but letters take man —
* Take woman as well, a most exquisite field!
* Think over that matter, dear Gladstone, and yield.
* The binomial theorem's something to strike; it
* Was clever, no doubt — I prefer "As You Like It."
* Archimedes was dencedly wise on the cone,
* Aristophanes' "Birds" suit me better, I own:
* And though science must have her keen surgeons with lancets.
* Her astronomers sage to watch Venus's transits
* (From boudoir to drawing-room, doubtless, and back again),
* Yet as long as life lasts men will tread the old track again,
* Will follow the pen, that can wing them afar
* To regions beyond the least visible star,
* Will smile just awhile at the science experiment.
* Then welcome pure poetry's music, depth, merriment.
* Since school-boards have come a great change there must be,
* And even ex-premiers have learnt rule of three;
* So, as letters to science is dinner to lunch —
* Thus verily sayeth
* Yours verily.
* Punch.
# Littell's Living Age/Volume 127/Issue 1638/Miscellany

Cassell's Magazine.