OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London/Volume 1/Reef in the Pacific

V.—Reef in the Pacific.
'A dangerous reef has been discovered in the Pacific Ocean, among the Caroline Islands, the N.E. extremity of which is in latitude 7° 36' N., and longitude 155° 18' E. It was found to lie in a N.E. and S.W. direction, and is so extensive, that the whole of it could not be seen from the N.E. extremity. It is about fourteen miles in a W.S.W. direction from Island Bordelaise, discovered in 1826.'
The discovery is due to the ship Larkins, W. Campbell, master; and, as here given, is extracted from her log, bearing date 23d February, 1830.
# Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London/Volume 1/Section of South America, from Carthagena to Bogota

| Toesas soble el Nivel de la Mar. a Cartagena 0 b Turbaco 163 c Maogda d Mompox 147 e Morales 173 f Angostura 230 g Honda 291 h Cruces i Salto del Fraile 777 k Sierra del Sarjento 860 l Valle de Guaduas 648 m Alto del Frigo 679 n Valle de Villeta 580 n′ Mave 800 o El Guayabal 902 p Alto de Gascos 932 q El Asseradero 1298 r Alto del Robie 1487 s Llano de Bogota 1340 t Bogota 1370 u Guadalupe 1707 v Chingara 2200 | |- |
# International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union Local 37 v. Boyd

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Black
United States Supreme Court
347 U.S. 222
International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union Local 37 v. Boyd
Argued: Jan. 6, 1954. --- Decided: March 8, 1954
Mr.
A. L. Wirin, Los Angeles, Cal., for appellants.
Mr. Charles Gordon, Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for appellee.
Mr. Justice FRANKFURTER delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# International Mercantile Marine Company v. Stranahan/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
214 U.S. 344
International Mercantile Marine Company v. Stranahan
Argued: January 11, 12, 1909. Decided June 1, 1909. Messrs. Lucius H. Beers and William G. Choate for plaintiffs in error. Assistant to the Attorney General Ellis and Messrs. Henry L. Stimson, Winfred T. Denison, and E. P. Grosvenor for defendant in error. djQ Mr. Justice White delivered the opinion of the court: These writs of error are prosecuted to obtain the reversal of judgments entered in favor of the United States in actions brought to recover back sums paid as penalties imposed and collected under authority of § 9 of the immigration act of March 3, 1903. [32 Stat. at L. 1215, chap. 1012.] One action concerned penalties exacted before, and the other related to a penalty which attached after, the promulgation by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor of a certain rule of procedure known as circular No. 58. As the controversies in these cases are of the same nature as that presented by the record in Oceanic Steam Nav. Co. v. Stranahan, ---
No. 509, just decided [[[214 U.S. 320]], 53 L. ed. --, 29 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 671], and as the principles which controlled the decision in that case are here absolutely decisive, the judgments in these cases must be, and they are, affirmed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# International Longshoremen's Association, Local 1416 v. Ariadne Shipping Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
397 U.S. 195
International Longshoremen's Association, Local 1416 v. Ariadne Shipping Company
Argued: Jan. 13, 1970. --- Decided: March 9, 1970
Seymour M. Waldman, New York City, for petitioner.
Richard M. Leslie, Miami, Fla., for respondents.
Mr. Justice BRENNAN delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# International Mercantile Marine Company v. Stranahan

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
214 U.S. 344
International Mercantile Marine Company v. Stranahan
Argued: January 11, 12, 1909. Decided June 1, 1909. Messrs. Lucius H. Beers and William G. Choate for plaintiffs in error. Assistant to the Attorney General Ellis and Messrs. Henry L. Stimson, Winfred T. Denison, and E. P. Grosvenor for defendant in error. djQ Mr. Justice White delivered the opinion of the court: These writs of error are prosecuted to obtain the reversal of judgments entered in favor of the United States in actions brought to recover back sums paid as penalties imposed and collected under authority of § 9 of the immigration act of March 3, 1903. [32 Stat. at L. 1215, chap. 1012.] One action concerned penalties exacted before, and the other related to a penalty which attached after, the promulgation by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor of a certain rule of procedure known as circular No. 58. As the controversies in these cases are of the same nature as that presented by the record in Oceanic Steam Nav. Co. v. Stranahan, ---

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# International Mother Language Day Proclamation for the Province of British Columbia

Canada Province of British Columbia
A Proclamation
ELIZABETH THE SECOND, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories, Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith
To all to whom these presents shall come — Greeting
WHEREAS a mother language is vital to every individual's sense of identity and development, and
WHEREAS language is the cornerstone of culture and is the means of communication among people, and
WHEREAS 26 percent of people in B.C. speak a language other than English or French as their first language, and
WHEREAS linguistic diversity and multiculturalism enriches the lives of all British Columbians, and respect, dialogue, and dignity are integral to Canadian values, and
WHEREAS British Columbia can act as a leader in advocating for languages of First Nations and those brought by generations of immigrants to British Columbia, including Braille and Sign Languages, by respectfully observing International Mother Language Day, and
WHEREAS many of the 6500 languages in this world will cease to be spoken with the passing of the last generation to speak them, and
WHEREAS at the General Conference of the United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), it was unanimously agreed to observe International Mother Language Day on February 21 in each and every year;
NOW KNOW YE THAT we do by these presents proclaim and declare that February 21, 2015 shall be known as
"International Mother Language Day"
in the Province of British Columbia.
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF We have caused these Our Letters to be made Patent and the Great Seal of Our Province to be hereunto affixed.
WITNESS, The Honourable Judith Guichon, Lieutenant Governor of Our Province of British Columbia, in Our City of Victoria, in Our Province, this fourth day of February, two thousand fifteen and in the sixty-third year of Our Reign.
BY COMMAND.
This work is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, which allows free use, distribution, and creation of derivatives, so long as the license is unchanged and clearly noted, and the original author is attributed—and if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same license as this one.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# International Milling Company v. Columbia Transportation Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
292 U.S. 511
International Milling Company v. Columbia Transportation Company
Argued: Feb. 16, 1934. --- Decided: May 28, 1934
Messrs. James G. Nye, Oscar Mitchell, and Albert C. Gilletee, all of Duluth, Minn., for petitioner.
Mr. Edgar W. MacPherran, of Duluth, Minn., for respondent.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 512-515 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/VIOLA

VIOLA
Joseph J. Kovarik Principal Viola N.Y. Philharmonic Orchestra
In appearance and in the manner of holding and playing, the viola is essentially the same as the violin. It is, however, a trifle larger, and its longer, heavier strings are tuned a fifth lower than those of the violin. The lowest two—the C and the G—are wire-spun.
The use of the viola as a solo instrument is rather rare, but its timbre (tone quality), veiled and somewhat nasal, is admirably adapted to the rendition of strains where a certain quality of sadness prevails and where the more open and brilliant tone of the violin would be far less appropriate.
In large orchestras about three-quarters as many violas as second violins are employed. They are most frequently used as harmony instruments, either alone or in combination with the second violins.
Viola parts are written in the alto clef—middle C on the third line. This clef is best suited to the compass of the instrument, leger lines being seldom required. For very high passages the treble clef is employed.
The pizzicato is used exactly as with the violin; also the mute, which is a trifle larger.
The range of the viola with all chromatic intervals is:
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/XYLOPHONE

XYLOPHONE
| Italian | German | French |
| Xilofone | Xylophon | Xylophon |
| | Strohfieldel | Claquebois |
| | Holzharmonika |
This is an instrument of great antiquity. It consists of twenty-seven (or a few more) hardwood blocks, graduated in length, mounted on taut cords, and all set in a suitable framework. The blocks are arranged in two rows, like the keys of a piano, and are accurately tuned. The instrument is played by striking with two light, flexible beaters of willow or boxwood.
The tone of the xylophone is hard, dry, and rather hollow in quality. Very rapid passages, including trills, are possible by the skillful performer. Its use in the symphony orchestra is occasional and solely for the production of unusual—especially humorous effects.
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/TRUMPET

TRUMPET (VALVE TRUMPET)
Edwin Franko Goldman formerly Metropolitan Opera House Orchestra, N.Y.
The trumpet is a brass instrument, the tube of which is one-half the length of that of the French horn in the same key, and it therefore sounds an octave higher than the horn. The modern orchestral trumpet is provided with the usual three valves, which give it a complete chromatic scale within its compass of about two and one-half octaves. The mouthpiece differs from that of the horn in being cup-shaped rather than conical.
Although the older scores and indeed many modern ones call for trumpets in a variety of keys—C, D, E flat, F, etc., the trumpets in B flat and A are used almost exclusively, the trumpeters, like hornists, transposing their parts at sight when transposition is necessary. These two instruments offer the same facility as B flat and A clarinets for playing in flat and sharp keys. In the case of the trumpet, however, only one instrument is necessary—that in B flat—as its pitch may be instantly lowered to A by drawing a telescopic slide or by employing a special valve mechanism.
The quality of tone of the trumpet is brilliant, noble, and wonderfully penetrating in FF. Its softer accents are clear and pure, still retaining the characteristic nobility and incisiveness of the louder tones. Trumpets, like cornets and horns, may be muted by means of a pear-shaped device set in the bell. Two, and often three trumpets are required in a symphony or grand opera orchestra.
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/TUBA

TUBA
Fred. Geib N.Y. Philharmonic Orchestra
The tuba is the double bass of the brass section of the orchestra. It differs essentially from the trumpet in that its tube is conical and not cylindrical—that is to say. it gradually widens from mouthpiece to bell. The tuba is usually provided with four valves, the fourth of which gives the instrument an extended and valuable downward range.
Prior to its introduction into the orchestra by Wagner the tuba was used only in military bands. It is now a recognized member of the orchestral family, having entirely supplanted the ophicleide, the deep-toned brass instrument formerly used.
Although tubas are made in several different keys—F, E flat, C, and B flat, they are invariably treated as non-transposing instruments when used in symphony or grand opera orchestras.
The tone-quality of the tuba is full and organ-like in soft and medium passages. When played to the limit of its power it takes on a brilliancy and "snap" akin to that of the trombone. It blends exceedingly well with the string basses, the effect of the combination being to impart to the very low tones a clarity and definiteness of pitch unattainable by any other means.
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/end matter

Layout 2
MUSICAL LITERATURE
For those in search of more detailed information as to orchestral instruments and their uses
PROFESSOR H. KLING'S
"MODERN ORCHESTRATION AND INSTRUMENTATION"
Contains a detailed description of the character and peculiarities of all instruments and their practical employment for either solo, orchestra, or military band purposes. It is profusely illustrated with examples in notes and full score extracts from the works of the greatest classic and modern masters. Such as Wagner, Verdi, Saint-Aaëns, Massenet, Ambroise, Thomas, etc., together with specialized chapters on string instruments. The art of the conductor, voice, and organ.
The book has been revised and enlarged by the author and translated from the original german edition by Gustav Saenger. It is printed on good paper, with well chosen type, and is beautifully bound in green cloth.
$3.50 NET.
| THE CARL FISCHER COMPLETE | INSTRUMENT CHART | FOR STUDENTS AND MUSICIANS |
The most complete and up-to-date symposium of valuable information. Features of this chart:
Illustrates complete range of all instruments. Shows corresponding note on the piano of all transposing and non-transposing instruments. Classification of wind instruments. Valuable information in regard to pitch. Gives compass of male and female voices. Practical and effective band combinations (8 to 50 players). Correct valve combinations and slide divisions for trombones, and hundreds of other valuable hints. Size 54x45, printed on linen with wood top and bottom hangers. A most valuable addition to studios and band rooms.
$2.00 NET.
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/TRIANGLE

TRIANGLE
| Italian | German | French |
| Triangolo | Triangel | Triangle |
This instrument, as its name implies, consists of a bar of steel bent in triangular form with one angle open. It is hung by a cord to a music stand or any suitable bracket and is struck with a small steel rod. It produces a bright, tinkling sound, without definite pitch, and is used to enhance light, fairy-like movements by marking the rhythm. The trill is of frequent occurrence and is executed by alternately striking two sides of the triangle.
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/VIOLIN

VIOLIN
Maximilian Pilzer Concertmaster N.Y. Philharmonic Orchestra
The violin is the leading instrument of the orchestra, it owes its preeminence to the fact that while its tone-quality is sufficiently indefinite to admit of its use for long periods without palling, it is also capable of expressing the widest possible range of emotions.
Throughout its entire range of over four octaves the most rapid passages may be executed with all degrees of power, from the faintest whisper to the most brilliant fortissimo.
In symphony or grand opera orchestras there are likely to be about thirty violins in all, grouped in the proportion of sixteen first and fourteen second violins.
The four strings are made of sheep-gut. The lowest of these—the G string—is overspun with wire, either pure silver or silver-plated copper.
Plucking the strings is known as pizzicato playing.
The bow is strung with a fine quality of white horsehair.
The range of the violin with all chromatic intervals is:
The four strings are tuned in fifths. Thus:
# Insurance Companies v. Thompson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
95 U.S. 547
Insurance Companies v. Thompson
ERROR to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Kentucky.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Charles W. Jones and Mr. J. Hubley Ashton for the plaintiffs in error.
Mr. G. C. Wharton, contra.
MR. JUSTICE MILLER delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Instruments of the Modern Symphony Orchestra/TIMPANI

KETTLE-DRUMS (TIMPANI)
Chris. Chapman formerly Metropolitan Opera House Orchestra, N.Y.
The kettle-drum consists of a hemispherical bowl of brass or copper, over which a parchment head is stretched. By varying the tension of the head by means of six or eight screws working on an iron ring, higher or lower tones of definite pitch are obtainable. Various mechanical means have been devised for changing the pitch of the drum by a single screw or lever (after equalizing the tension of the head by separate screws), and only the high cost of drums so equipped has prevented their general adoption.
Timpani are played with two drumsticks, the heads of which are usually solid balls of felt. Such sticks produce a velvety, musical quality of tone not unlike that of the double bass pizzicato. For dramatic effects, where harshness and terrifying noise are the aim of the composer, the use of wood-headed sticks, sometimes covered with leather, is indicated.
Timpani possess an almost unlimited dynamic range, from the faintest tap or rumble to a thunderous fortissimo. Detached notes are used for accentuating the rhythm, and the roll is invaluable for adding life and motion to sustained chords.
A pair of timpani consists of a large and a small drum. Three or more drums are employed with additional drummers on exceptional occasions. As the timpanist must be prepared to vary the tuning of his drums during performance, he must possess a fine ear, if not, indeed, absolute pitch.
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones (276 U.S. 303)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
276 U.S. 303
Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones (276 U.S. 303)
Argued: March 8, 1928. --- Decided: March 19, 1928
Messrs. A. F. Smith and F. H. Moore, both of Kansas City, Mo., J. J. King and J. Q. Mahaffey, both of Texarkana, Tex., and S. W. Moore, of New York City, for petitioner.
Mr. S. P. Jones, of Marshall, Tex., for respondent.
Mr. Justice HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company (281 U.S. 1)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
281 U.S. 1
Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company (281 U.S. 1)
Argued: Oct. 24, 25, 1929. --- Decided: Feb 24, 1930
Messrs. Samuel W. Moore, of New York City, and F. H. Moore, Cyrus Crane, and A. F. Smith, all of Kansas City, Mo., for petitioner.
Mr. Justin D. Bowersock, of Kansas City, Mo., for respondents.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 2-3 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice BUTLER delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones (241 U.S. 181)
* Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones (276 U.S. 303)
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones (241 U.S. 181)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
241 U.S. 181
Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Jones
Argued: April 3 and 4, 1916. --- Decided: May 1, 1916
Messrs. S. W. Moore, F. H. Moore, and J. D. Wilkinson for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. Leon R. Smith, Otis W. Bullock, and Newton C. Blanchard for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice McReynolds delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company (240 U.S. 166)
* Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company (281 U.S. 1)
# Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company (240 U.S. 166)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
240 U.S. 166
Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Guardian Trust Company
Argued: December 13, 14, and 15, 1915. --- Decided: February 21, 1916
Messrs. Samuel W. Moore and Samuel Untermyer for appellant.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 168-170 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. Frederick W. Lehmann, George H. English, Jr., Edward P. Gates, and Walter C. Clephane for the Guardian Trust Company.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 170-172 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Harry S. Mecartney and Newell H. Clapp for intervening stockholders of the Guardian Trust Company.
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse