OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Madison (Indiana)

Edition of 1879. See also Madison, Indiana on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
MADISON, a city and the county seat of Jefferson co., Indiana, on the Ohio river, 90 m. below Cincinnati and 44 m. above Louisville, and at the terminus of the Madison division of the Jeffersonville, Madison, and Indianapolis railroad, 85 m. S. S. E. of Indianapolis; pop. in 1850, 8,012; in 1860, 8,130; in 1870, 10,709, of whom 2,194 were foreigners. It is beautifully situated, at an elevation secure from floods, in a valley about 3 m. long, enclosed on the north by a range of hills 400 ft. high. The streets are regularly laid out, and a large proportion of the houses are built of brick. It is lighted with gas and supplied with water by
an aqueduct. Steamers ply daily to Cincinnati and Louisville. Madison contains several pork-packing establishments, and has an important trade in provisions. There are also brass and iron founderies, flouring mills, planing mills, tanneries, breweries, machine shops, &c. The banking capital amounts to $650,000, distributed between two national banks and one state bank. There are graded public schools, including a high school, a library of 4,000 volumes, a daily, a semi-weekly, and two weekly newspapers, and 15 churches. Madison was first settled in 1808.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Madison (Wisconsin)

Edition of 1879. See also Madison, Wisconsin on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
MADISON, a city of Wisconsin, capital of the state and of Dane co., situated in lat. 43° 4' N., lon. 89° 23' W., 75 m. W. of Milwaukee; pop. in 1850, 1,525; in 1860, 6,611; in 1870, 9,176, of whom 3,114 were foreigners. It is built in the midst of the “Four Lake region,” so called from a chain of beautiful lakes which extend over a distance of 16 m. and discharge their surplus waters into Yahara or Catfish river, a tributary of Rock river. Mendota or Fourth lake, the uppermost and largest, is 9 m. long, 6 m. wide, and from 50 to 70 ft. deep in some places, and fed chiefly by springs; it has beautiful white gravelly shores and pure cold water. Monona or Third lake is 5½ m. long and 2 m. wide, and Lakes Waubesa and Kegonsa are each about 3 m. in length by 2 m. in width. The city of Madison occupies an undulating isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, and in point of situation and scenery is the most beautiful city in the west. It is about 3 m. in length and 1 m. in breadth, and has wide, straight, and regular streets, with many beautiful buildings. The capitol, placed in the centre of a square park of 14 acres wooded with native timber, is built of limestone, and commands a fine view. It has recently been enlarged and improved at a cost of about $550,000. The length of the N. and S. wings is 228 ft., and of the E. and W. 226 ft. The height from the basement to the top of the dome is about 200 ft. The court house and jail are situated near the S. corner of the park. The university of Wisconsin, with four buildings, stands on a picturesque eminence a mile W. of the capitol, and 125 ft. above the lakes. (See Wisconsin.) The soldiers' orphans' home stands on the shore of Lake Monona, about a mile from the park. The building of the state hospital for the insane, 569 ft. long, on the N. shore of Lake Mendota, 4 m. N. of the capitol, is surrounded by grounds containing 393 acres, partly wood and farming land, and partly laid out and adorned. There is a United States court-house and post-office building, which cost about $400,000. Madison has railroad communication with Chicago, Milwaukee, Green Bay, St. Paul,
and other points, by means of the Chicago and Northwestern and the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul lines. It is surrounded by a fertile country, has an important trade, and contains manufactories of carriages and wagons, furniture, agricultural implements, woollen goods, saddlery and harness, flour, ale and beer, iron ware, &c. There are a state bank, a national bank, two savings banks, graded public schools, including a high school, two daily, one tri-weekly, and five weekly (two German) newspapers, and 14 churches. The principal libraries are the following: state historical society, 57,254 volumes; state, 7,500; university and societies, 6,830; Madison institute, 3,500; state agricultural society, 1,000.—Madison was selected as the territorial capital in 1836, while yet a wilderness, and in the following year the building of the capitol was commenced.
State Capitol of Wisconsin.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Magnin, Charles

Edition of 1879. See also Charles Magnin on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
MAGNIN, Charles, a French author, born in Paris, Nov. 4, 1793, died there, Oct. 7, 1862. He received a brilliant education, and became in 1813 assistant in the imperial library, and in 1832 one of the directors of that institution. His theatrical criticisms in the Globe (1826-'30), his lectures at the Sorbonne (1834-'5) on the origin of the modern stage, and his various writings won for him the praise of Sainte-Beuve, and a seat in the academy of inscriptions and belles-lettres. He also wrote poetry and plays. His principal works are: Origines du théâtre moderne (1838); Causeries et méditations (2 vols., 1843); Théâtre de Hroswitha (1845, with text and translation); and Histoire des marionettes (1852).
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badger, William

​BADGER, William, governor of New Hampshire, was born at Gilmanton, N. H., Jan. 13, 1779; son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Parsons) Badger. In early manhood he followed mercantile pursuits, but soon became prominent in political life, being elected a state representative in 1810, to the state senate in 1814, and acting as president of that body two years later, at which ​time he was made associate justice of the court of common pleas, which position he held until 1821, when he became high sheriff of Stafford county. He was elected governor of New Hampshire in 1833, 1834 and 1835. He died at Gilmanton, N. H., Sept. 21, 1852.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bacon, Leonard

​BACON, Leonard, theologian, was born in Detroit, Mich., Feb. 19, 1802, son of the Rev. David Bacon, a missionary among the Ojibbewa Indians. He was graduated at Yale in 1820; at Andover, 1823; was ordained at Windsor, Sept. 28, 1824; was pastor of the First church, New Haven, 1825-'66, and pastor emeritus 1866-’81; acting professor of Systematic theology, Yale divinity school, 1866-'71; lecturer on Congregationalism at Andover, 1866-’69. and on church polity and American church history at Yale 1871-'81. He upheld the practices of the early Puritan church, and was conservative on all questions relating to the church polity, giving, besides, earnest and attentive concern to all important questions of the day. After 1823 he was a pronounced abolitionist. He held decided opinions on the question of slavery, and his views, promulgated in a series of essays, collected and published in 1846, were referred to by Abraham Lincoln as being the source of his own clear and sober convictions on the subject. He was a stanch defender of the Union, and as stanch an opposer of those abolitionists who denounced it. He gave his influence to obtain the repeal of the "omnibus" clause in the Connecticut divorce law. He was editor of the Christian Spectator, published at New Haven from 1826 to 1838. In 1843 he established The New Englander Review, afterwards The New Englander and Yale Review, and was connected with it up to the time of his death. In 1848, in conjunction with Henry C. Bowen and Drs. Storrs, Leavitt and Thompson, he founded the Independent and performed a share of the editorial duties until 1863, when he resigned his active labors, but remained a contributor. In March, 1874, he was moderator of the council of Congregational churches which met at Brooklyn, N. Y., and assisted in preparing a rebuke addressed to Plymouth church for irregularly dropping Theodore Tilton from its membership, and in 1876 filled a like position in the advisory council convened at the request of the Plymouth church to consider matters in regard to the Beecher-Tilton scandal. Dr. Bacon was fond of historical study, particularly as pertaining to the Puritans. In addition to his manifold contributions to the contemporary press, he published many pamphlets and reviews, as well as several works on religious, biographical, historical and other subjects. He received from Hamilton college, in 1842, the degree S. T. D., and from Harvard, in 1870, that of LL.D. Among his published books are: "Select Practical Writings of Richard Baxter," with a life of the author (1831, 2d ed., 1836); "A Manual for Young Church Members" (1833); "Thirteen Historical Discourses on the Completion of Two Hundred Years from the Beginning of the First Church in New Haven" (1839); "Slavery Discussed in Occasional Essays from 1833 to 1846"; "Christian Self-Culture" (1863); "Historical Discourse at Worcester, Mass., Sept. 22, 1863"; "Four Commemorative Discourses" (1866); "The Genesis of the New England Churches" New York (1874); "Sketch of the Rev. David Bacon" (1876). He died at New Haven, Conn., Dec. 24, 1881.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badeau, Adam

​BADEAU, Adam, soldier, was born in New York city, Dec. 29, 1831. He was educated at private schools, and became a regular contributor to the press, notably to Noah's Sunday Times, over the pen-name of "The Vagabond." In 1862 he volunteered in the army, and was attached to the staff of Brigadier-General Thomas W. Sherman. In 1863 he was severely wounded at Port Hudson, and the following year was appointed military secretary to General Grant, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, soon afterwards being promoted to colonel. He accompanied General Grant through the Wilderness and Appomattox campaigns, and continued a member of his staff until 1869, when he was retired with the rank of captain and the brevet rank of brigadier-general U. S. A. He was appointed secretary of legation at London in 1869 by President Grant, and the next year went to Spain with government despatches. President Grant then made him consul-general in London, which office he held for about ten years. During that time he accompanied General Grant on a portion of his tour around the world. In May, 1882, President Arthur appointed him consul-general at Havana, where he remained two years. When being denied an opportunity of proving certain charges he had formulated against the state department, he resigned and sought to reinstate himself in his former military position. This was not allowed, on the ground that he had vacated it when he entered the diplomatic service. In 1888 he sued the Grant estate for moneys which he declared to be due to him for literary services in aiding General Grant in writing his "Memoirs," but the case was decided against him in the courts. His principal publications are a collection of essays: "The Vagabond" (1859); a "Military History of Ulysses S. Grant," in three volumes (1867-’81); "Conspiracy; a Cuban Romance," "Aristocracy in England" (1886), and" Grant in Peace" (1886). He died at Ridgewood, N. J., March 19, 1895.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badger, Joseph (soldier)

​BADGER, Joseph, soldier, was born at Haverhill Mass., Jan. 11, 1722; son of Joseph and Hannah (Peaslee) Badger. He was a farmer, served in the militia, and held the ranks of ensign, lieutenant and captain, successively. At the age of twenty-three he was made a deputy sheriff, and afterwards justice of the peace. Jan. 31, 1740, he was married to Hannah Pearson, and their son Joseph married Elizabeth, daughter of William Parsons of South Hampton. In July, 1763, he removed to Gilmanton, N. H., where he was one of the proprietors and first settlers. He was first magistrate, and on July 10, 1771, received the appointment of colonel of the 10th N. H. regiment. In 1771 he acted as a muster-master for the state, was elected a delegate to the provincial congress, and was made brigadier-general in the state militia, June 27, 1780. He served on the governor's council from 1784 to 1791. In December, 1784, he was appointed judge of the probate court, holding the office for thirteen years. In 1788 he was a member of the New Hampshire convention that adopted the federal constitution. He was very influential in founding and erecting the academy at Gilmanton, was one of its trustees, and president of the board of trust until his death, which occurred April 4, 1803.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bacon, Nathaniel

​BACON, Nathaniel, colonist, was born in England about 1630. He studied law at the Inns of Court in London, and when twenty years old came to America. He settled in Virginia on a large tract of land near the head of the James river, and was appointed a member of Governor Berkeley's council. At that time the Indians were making much trouble, and the white settlers were insufficiently protected by a few poorly constructed forts. Bacon was made leader of the colonists who determined to march against the savages. His appointment was not confirmed by Berkeley, who did not favor the movement. Bacon marched without the commission, and at the head of ninety men he fought and conquered the troublesome savages. On May 29, 1676, Governor Berkeley proclaimed Bacon a rebel and had him captured and brought to trial. He was acquitted of the charges brought against him, resumed his seat in the governor's council and received the promise of a commission as general for the war against the Indians. This appointment the governor refused to ratify, and when his policy became intolerable to the settlers, and he refused to carry out his promises of reform, Bacon returned at the head of his command, forced him to issue the promised commission and began vigorous operations against the Indians. The governor again proclaimed General Bacon a rebel, and on Aug. 6, 1676, he marched upon Williamsburg, issued a counter proclamation against the governor, and drove him across the bay to Accomac. The people swore fealty to Bacon, who repelled the fresh attacks of the Indians, and in September returned, drove out the governor's forces, burned Jamestown, and forced Berkeley to take asylum on a British ship. Bacon held the women, wives of the partisans of the governor, as hostages, and planned to attack and capture Accomac, but died before his plans could be carried out. Ingram succeeded to the command of the rebels, but was soon after reconciled to Berkeley, and after Bacon's chief adherents were executed. Bacon's rebellion came to an end. He died Oct. 1, 1676.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badger, Joseph (clergyman)

​BADGER, Joseph, clergyman, was born at Gilmanton, N. H., Aug. 16, 1792; son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Parsons) Badger. He was educated in Canada, and in 1812, yielding to his convictions, was baptized and began to preach. Two years later he was ordained by the Baptists, but did not connect himself with that body. He preached in New Hampshire and New York State with much success, forming churches which called themselves "Christians." In 1825 he edited the Palladium, the organ of the sect called "Christians." He died May 12, 1852.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badger, George Edmund

​BADGER, George Edmund, senator, was born at Newbern, N.C., April 17, 1795; son of Thomas and Lydia (Cogdell) Badger, grandson of Edmund and Lucretia Badger and of Col. Richard Cogdell He attended Yale, 1810-'11, and was made A.M. in 1825 and LL.D. in 1848. He was licensed to ​practise law at the age of nineteen. In 1816 he was elected to the North Carolina legislature, and in 1820 appointed a judge of the superior court, which office he resigned in 1825. and returned to the practice of Law. He supported William H. Harrison in the presidential campaign of 1840, and on his inauguration. March 4, 1841, President Harrison appointed him secretary of the navy, which position he resigned when Tyler came to the presidency. He was elected by the legislature of North Carolina in 1846 to the seat in the U. S. senate made vacant by the resignation of W. H. Haywood, and elected for the full senatorial term in 1848. President Fillmore named him associate justice of the U. S. supreme court in 1853, but the senate refused to confirm the nomination. In 1854, upon his retirement from the senate, he took up the practice of law at the state capital. In 1861 he was a member of the secession convention, but spoke in favor of remaining in the union. In a letter introducing him to Mr. Justice Story at the time of his appointment to the U. S. supreme bench, Daniel Webster wrote: "He is your equal and my superior." He died at Raleigh, N. C., May 11, 1866.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bacon, Leonard Woolsey

​BACON, Leonard Woolsey, clergyman, was born in New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1, 1830; son of Leonard Bacon, pastor of First church, New Haven. He studied at Yale college, where he was graduated in 1850, and then pursued a course in theology at both Andover and Yale, and medicine at Yale college, being given his M. D. degree in 1856. He preached in Congregational and Presbyterian churches in Rochester. N. Y., Stamford, Conn., Brooklyn, N. Y.. and Baltimore, Md. He then spent five years in European travel, and in 1879 became pastor of the Park Congregational church, Norwich, Conn. In 1885 he was chosen pastor of the Woodland Presbyterian church, Philadelphia, Pa., and afterwards had pastoral charge of the Ancient Independent church. Savannah, Ga., for several months, returning in December, 1887, to Norwich, Conn. His published works include: "The Life, Speeches, and Discourses of Father Hyacinthe" (1872); "Church Papers" (1876); "The Vatican Council" (1872); "A Life Worth Living: Life of Emily Bliss Gould" (1878); "Sunday ​Observance and Sunday Law" (1882); "The Hymns of Martin Luther" (1883); "The Church Book: Hymns and Tunes" (1883), and "The Simplicity that is in Christ" (sermons, 1886). Yale college gave him his S. T. D. in 1879.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bacon, Samuel

​BACON, Samuel, clergyman, was born in Sturbridge, Mass., July 22, 1781. In 1808 he was graduated at Harvard college and studied law, which profession he followed in Pennsylvania. He next essayed journalism, being editor of the Worcester, Mass., Ægis, and afterwards editor of the Lancaster, Pa., Hive. He was ordained to the priesthood of the Protestant Episcopal church, and in 1819 sailed for Sierra Leone, Africa, in charge of a company of negroes, whom it was his appointed mission to settle as a colony, he being one of a committee of three sent by the United States government, under the auspices of the American colonization society, for that purpose. The settlement was effected at Campelar, on the Sherboro river, where two of the agents died. Mr. Bacon, whose health had become seriously impaired, was carried to Kent, on Cape Shilling, where he died May 3, 1820.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badger, Oscar C.

​BADGER, Oscar C., naval officer, was born at Windham, Conn., Aug. 12, 1823. He was appointed to the U. S. navy from Pennsylvania as a midshipman, Sept. 9, 1841. As a midshipman on board the Saratoga, in 1843, he was attached to a landing party from that ship, and took part in the attack upon the Bereby villages on the west coast of Africa. He served on board the Mississippi with the Gulf squadron during the Mexican war, and participated in the attack upon Alvarado in 1846. Subsequently, in 1855, as lieutenant he commanded a party from the U. S. sloop John Adams, which attacked and destroyed the town of Vutia, Fiji Islands. His services during the civil war were particularly meritorious. While in command of the steamer Anacostia, in 1861-'62, he was engaged in a number of attacks upon Confederate batteries on the Potomac river and Aquia creek, and in the bombardment of Yorktown, Va., and the defences at Gloucester Point. He was promoted lieutenant-commander July 16, 1862, and commanded the ironclads Patapsco and Montauk in the attacks on the batteries and forts on Morris Island and on Forts Wagner, Gregg and Sumter, in Charleston harbor. While performing the duties of fleet-captain on board the ironclad Weehawken in a night engagement with Forts Moultrie and Sumter, he was severely wounded, his right leg being shattered by a metallic splinter, caused by a round shot striking the turret of the Weehauken. His efficient and faithful services were recognized in an official report made to the navy department by Admiral Dahlgren, under date of Sept. 2, 1863, and by the navy department in communication addressed to Commodore Badger, under date of Jan. 7, 1864. After the close of the war he was on shore duty until July, 1866, when he was promoted commander. During a cruise on the Peoria he received a vote of thanks from the legislatures of St. Kitts and Antigua for services rendered to the authorities of those islands. In 1872 he was promoted captain, and on Nov. 15, 1881, commodore, and was placed on the retired list in 1885.
# The Book of Scottish Song/Our gudeman

Our gudeman.
[Alex. Laing.]
Our gudeman's aye frae hame, Aye frae hame, aye frae hame; Our gudeman's aye frae hame, Drunken doited carlie! Yet a' the wark about the town, Out an' in gaes brawly on, Our Johnny's sic an unco loun, For workin' late and early!
I fee'd the chiel' at Candlemas, At Candlemas, at Candlemas; I fee'd the chiel' at Candlemas, To saw the aits and barley; But Johnny's ready, young, an' teugh, An' foremost aye at cart an' pleugh: An' never thinks he works aneugh, Though workin' late an' early.
The corbie-craw came here yestreen, Came here yestreen, emie here yestreen, The corbie-craw came here yestreen, An' croaked lang and sairly,— Oh! were he fey that's nightly fu', Had mools an' maggots ance their due, Our Johnny maunna ha'e to rue, His workin' late and early.
# The Book of Scottish Song/Our bonnie Scots lads

Our bonnie Scots lads.
[Robert Tannahill.—Set to music by R. A. Smith.]
Our bonnie Scots lads, in their green tartan plaids, Their blue-belted bonnets, and feathers sae braw, Rank'd up on the green were fair to be seen, But my bonnie young laddie was fairest of a'. His cheeks were as red as the sweet heather-bell, Or the red western cloud looking down on the snaw, His lang yellow hair o'er his braid shoulders fell, And the een o' the lasses were fix'd on him a'.
My heart sunk wi' wae on the wearifu' day, When torn frae my bosom they march'd him awa', He bade me fareweel, he cried, "O be leel," And his red cheeks were wat wi' the tears that did fa'. Ah! Harry, my love, though thou ne'er shou'dst return, Till life's latest hour I thy absence will mourn, And memory shall fade, like the leaf on the tree, Ere my heart spare ae thought on anither but thee.
# The Book of Scottish Song/One star of the morning

One star of the morning.
[Robert Gilfillan.—Tune, "One bumper at Parting."]
One star of the morning still lingers Amid the deep blue of the sky, O! it waits for the sun and my Mary To light up the green earth with joy. Then haste, love, the fair lily's weeping, The young rose is drooping in dew; The lark, in its sweet dream, is sleeping, Till wakened by nature and you!
There's joy when the soft morning blushes, And sunbeams on bright streamlets play, When the deep glen and dark misty mountain Rejoice at the coming of day: But not the gay gladness of nature, When summer and morning are young, Can equal that rapture of bosom, When you are the theme of my song.
Yon bright star of morn is departing To skies of a lovelier hue, To sparkle on lands that are fairer, But on maid never fairer than you! The golden sun now walks in glory, And gladdens with smiles flower and tree; Like you who, in joy or in sorrow, Still gladdens this bleak world to me!