# The Political Anatomy of Ireland (1899)/Chapter II

[CHAPTER II.]
Of People, Houses, and Smoaks ; their Number, Differences, and Values.
| THere are of People, Men, Women and Children. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 1,100,000 |
| There are of Families | | 200,000 |
| Of Smoaks | | 250,000 | |8| |
| VIZ. |
| Of the People, there are English | | 200,000 |
| Of Papists | | 800,000 |
| Of Non-Papists | | 300,000 |
| Scots | | 100,000 |
| Irish | | 800,000 |
| 2,200,000 ​ |
| The Scots are Presbyterians, and the Irish, Papists. But the English are above 100,000 legal Protestants or Conformists, and the rest are Presbyterians, Independants, Anabaptists and Quakers. |||
| Of the Families. |
| Such as have no fix'd Hearths, are | Such as have no fix'd Hearths, are | 160,000 |
| Such as have but one Chimney | Such as have but one Chimney | 24,000 |
| Such as have more than one | Such as have more than one | 16,000 |
| Of Smoaks. |
| The Single-Smoak-houses, are ut supra | The Single-Smoak-houses, are ut supra | 184,000 ​ |
| And those Houses that have more than one Chimney, have but one with another above four in each House, viz. in all | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 66,000 |
| 250, M.|9| |
| The Number of them of all degrees, who paid Poll-money, Anno 1661. was about | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 360,000 |
| Dublin hath Houses of more than one Smoak. | 3,400 |
| Other Cities, Towns, and Corporations of the like. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 6,000 |
| The rest of Ireland of the like | 6,600 |
| 165,M. |
| And of Smiths Forges, near the same number, or rather $^1$⁄$_5$ more. |||
A more particular Account of the Houses in Ireland, which have more than one Chimney , viz. :
| The Castle of Dublin hath Chimneys | 125 |
| The Earl of Meath's House in Dublin | 27 |
| The Houses of Dublin which have above 10, are | 164 |
The Number of Coaches, besides Hackneys, near the same Number, or rather fewer. :
| There be (ut supra) 160,000 Cabins without Chimneys, whose worth are not reckoned ; but as for the others, we rate as follows, viz. Houses of |10| |||| |
| 1 Chimny | 1 Chimny | 24000 at 5l. each | 120,000l. |
| of 2, and 3, | of 2, and 3, | 6800 at 40l. | 272,000l. |
| 4, 5, 6, | 4, 5, 6, | 5600 at 100l. | 560,000l. |
| 7, 8, 9, | 7, 8, 9, | 2500 at 300l. | 750,000l. |
| 10, 11, 12, | 10, 11, 12, | 700 at 600l. | 420,000l. |
| 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 400 at 1000l. | 400,000l. |
| 2,522,000 ​ |
| For 20 Transcendental-houses, per estimate | For 20 Transcendental-houses, per estimate | For 20 Transcendental-houses, per estimate | For 20 Transcendental-houses, per estimate | 78,000 |
| Total | 2,600,000 |
| Memorandum, That not ⅛ part of the Value of all those Houses do belong to other than English Protestants. | Memorandum, That not ⅛ part of the Value of all those Houses do belong to other than English Protestants. | Memorandum, That not ⅛ part of the Value of all those Houses do belong to other than English Protestants. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 325,000 |
| To the English | 2,275,000 |
| There are of Non-papists in Dublin | There are of Non-papists in Dublin | There are of Non-papists in Dublin | There are of Non-papists in Dublin | 28,000 |
| In the other Cities, Towns, Corporations, &c. | In the other Cities, Towns, Corporations, &c. | In the other Cities, Towns, Corporations, &c. | In the other Cities, Towns, Corporations, &c. | 72,000 |
| In the Country | In the Country | In the Country | In the Country | 100,000 |
| 2,000,000 |
There is in Nature but one in 500 at most who are Blind, Lame, and under incurable Impotence; so as not above 2000 in Ireland, whom 12000l. would maintain without Scandal. |11| :
| The number of young Children under seven years old, and not fit for Labour, is ¼ of the 275,000 whole, viz. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 275,000 |
| The said number of Impotents | The said number of Impotents | 2000 |
| The number of Soldiers | The number of Soldiers | 3000 |
| 280,000 |
| The Masters and Mistresses of 360 Families, wherein are above six Smoaks, are | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 7,200 |
| Their Servants to their Persons | Their Servants to their Persons | 14,400 |
| The Servants to the Persons of such as live in 5600 Families of 4, 5, 6. Smoaks, are | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 11,200 |
| Servants in Families of 2, and 3, Smoaks | Servants in Families of 2, and 3, Smoaks | 6800 |
| Ministers, Students, &c. | Ministers, Students, &c. | 400 |
| 320,000 |
| People in all | 1100 |
| Of above 6 years old | 704 |
| 16 | 462 ​ |
| 26 | 297 |
| 36 | 198 |
| 46 | 132 |
| 56 | 88 |
| 66 | 77 |
| So as there are in Ireland fit for Trade | So as there are in Ireland fit for Trade | 780,000 |
| Which are Imployed as followeth, viz. |
| For the Tillage of 500,000 Acres of Land for Corn, Men, and their Wives | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 100,000 |
| For Cowherds and Shepherds to Cattel, grazing upon Seven Millions of Acres, viz. six Millions of black Cattel, or their equivalent in Horses and Sheep, Men and their Wives. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 120,000 |
| 220,000 |
| By the other side. | By the other side. | 220,000 |
| Imployed about the taking of 5000 Hogsheads of Pilchards, Boats, Nets, Hewers, &rc. Men and Women. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 1000 |
| Imployed about making 1000 Tuns of Iron, Men and Women | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 2000 |
| Smiths as by account, Men and Women | Smiths as by account, Men and Women | 15,000 |
| Their Servants to the Trade | Their Servants to the Trade | 7,500 |
| Taylors and their Wives | Taylors and their Wives | 45,000 |
| Carpenters and Masons, and their Wives | Carpenters and Masons, and their Wives | 10,000 |
| Shoemakers and their Wives | Shoemakers and their Wives | 20,000 |
| and Servants | and Servants | 2500 |
| Millers and their Wives | 1600 | |13| |
| Workers of Wooll and their Wives. | 30,000 | |
| Tanners and Curriers, and their Wives. | Tanners and Curriers, and their Wives. | 10,000 |
| 331,600 | |
| Trades of Fancy and Ornament and their Wives. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 48,400 |
| 380,000 | |
| Wherefore if the present Employment be performed with 380,000 Persons, it follows that there are to spare for other uses | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 400,000 |
| Memorandum, That in Dublin, where are but 4000 Families, there are at one time 1180 Ale-houses, and 91 publick Brew-houses, viz. near of the whole; it seems, that in Ireland, there being 200 M. Families, that about 60 M. of them should use the same Trade. |||
| And consequently, That 180,000 viz. 60 Men, 60 Women, and 60 Servants do follow the Trade of Drink. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 180,000 |
| So as there are yet to spare, who are Casherers and Fait-neants. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 220,000 |
| 400,000 | |14| |
| Whereas it is manifest, that ⅔ of the Alehouses may be spared, even although the same quantity of Drink should be sold ; then there will yet be further to spare of them | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 110,000 and 220,000 |
| 340,000 |
| Having shew'd that 340,000 of spare hands are in Ireland, it follows to find Employments for them, which is at 7l. per head, to earn per Ann. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 2,380,000 |
| This Imployment may be either in order to Local Wealth, or Universal Wealth. |
| Local Wealth I understand to be the building of 168,000 small Stone-wall Houses, with Chimneys, Doors, Windores, Gardens and Orchards, ditch'd and quicksetted ; instead of the lamentable Sties now in use; the which may cost 3 l. each, in all | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | l. 544,000 |
| The planting 5 Millions of Fruit-Trees at 4 d. each. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 83,000 | |
| Planting 3 Millions of Timber-Trees upon the Bounds and Meers of every Denomination of Lands at 3 d. each | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 360,000 l. | |15| |
| Of Inclosures and Quicksets one Million of Perches at 12 d. per Perch. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | l. 50,000 |
| Fortifying the City of Dublin | 30,000 |
| Building a new Palace for the chief Governour. | 30,000 |
| Making there a Mold for Shipping. | 15,000 |
| Making several Rivers navigable and mending High-Ways. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 35,000 |
| Building of 100 Churches, at 200 l. each | 20,000 |
| Workhouses of several sorts. Tan-Yards, Fishing Crofts, Rape-Mills, Allom and Copperas-works, as also Madder, Lead, Salt, &c. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 50,000 |
| In order to Money and Universal Wealth. |
| For Ten Thousand Tuns of Shipping | 100,000 |
| For a Stock of Wool, Hemp, Flax and Rawhides for one Years Work | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 400,000 |
| For the Labour of Men to Manufacture the same. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$ | 1000,000 | |16| |
* ↑ On the hearth money in Ireland see a note to chap. II of the Polit. Arith.
* ↑ See note on p. 142.
* ↑ '165, M' should be '16 M,' and is so corrected in S.
* ↑ 1719 omits this paragraph.
* ↑ This footing falls, both in S and in the first edition, in the middle of a page, where it is superfluous. It may have originated in a MS. which was the archetype of S as well as of the first edition. Cf note 4, p. 145.
* ↑ '2,000,000' appears to be a misprint for '200,000,' the reading of S. But on p. 142 Petty found 300,000 'Non-Papists' in Ireland. See also p. 148.
* ↑ Cox, 'he allows 12000$^l$ to 2000 Impotents & pag 60 [of the MS., p. 189 of this ed.] but 8ooo$^l$.'
* ↑ Had Petty adopted Graunt's table [Observations, ch. xi.] without modification, his figures would have been 704, 440, 275, 176, no, 66, 33. The figures actually used correspond more nearly to the probable mortality of Ireland at the time, but there is no indication of the reasons which led Petty to substitute them for Graunt's (or his own) 'six mean proportional numbers.'
* ↑ In the margin of S, '1,100,000 320,000.'
* ↑ Cox, '6,000,000 of black Cattle or their equivalent is more y$^n$ all Ireland will feed vide pag 42' [of the MS., p. 175 of this ed.].
* ↑ This line stands at the top of folio 10 in S and repeats the total (' 220,000,' one line above) from the bottom of folio 9 (misnumbered 13). In the first edition both lines fall (as here) in the middle of a page where they are superfluous. Cf. note 3, p. 143.
* ↑ Cox, 'Smiths 15000 and their serv$^{ts}$ but 7500: whereas of all Trades Smiths doe most need a serv$^t$ to help: It is indeed a two handed trade y$^t$ cannot be without a serv$^t$: ergo there should be as many Serv$^{ts}$ as Smiths.' But Petty allows a servant to each smith, though none to the smiths' wives.
* ↑ Cox,'Workers of Wool & their wives are x times as many as are computed it being comon for one bagmaker to Imploy 1000 Spinners weavers &c. There are also three times as many Carpenters and Masons as he mentions.'
* ↑ S, 1691, '331,600,' 1719, '364,600,' which is the correct footing.
* ↑ S, 1691, '380,000,' 1719. '413,000,' which is the correct footing.
* ↑ S, 1691, '380,000,' 1719, '413,000 'but S and both eds. spare 400,000 for other uses. The editor of the second ed., to be consistent, should have altered 400,000 to 367,000.
* ↑ S, '60 M. Men,' 1719, '60,000 Men, as many Women, and as many Servants.'
* ↑ More accurately £83,333. 6s. 8d.
* ↑ In the margin of S, '375,000.' The correct amount is £37,500.
* ↑ Making the corrections indicated, Petty's 'employments' foot up to £2,384,833. 6s. 8d. as against £2,380,000 of employments required.