OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ethics (Moore)/Index

INDEX
    Adultery, 83
    Approval, ambiguity of, 119-20
       feeling of, 90, 94
    Balance of pleasure, 25
    Beauty, 237
    Better, ambiguity of, 63-4
       "intrinsically," 57-8
    Can, meanings of, 197-222
    Causality, 208-11
    Class of actions, 82-4, 133-4
    Command, 146
    Commandments, Ten, 146
    Could, 30
       meanings of, 197-222
    Crime and disease, 215-6
    Criterion, 43, 234-6
    Desire, and good, 159-60, 164-5
       and pleasure, 159-60
    Disease and crime, 215-16
    Duty, 16
       and expediency, 172-4
       and good, 169
       and right, 31-8
    Egoism, 228-32
    Equivalence, 61
    Ethics, fundamental questions of, 8-9
       and Psychology, 130-2
    Expediency, 172-4
    Expression and meaning, 125
    Fatalism, 213
    Feeling, and good, 167-8, 249
       and opinion, 94, 119-20
    Forbid, 145
    Free Will, 202-4, 210-11
    God 19, 20, 149, 151, 154
    Good, ambiguity of, 69-71, 161, 250-2
       and desire, 159-60, 164-5
       and feeling, 157-69
       "for its own sake," 73-6
       "general" and "private," 229-32
       "intrinsically," 65-6
       and pleasure, 233-46
       and right, 65-6, 72-3, 168-9
       "ultimate," 73-6
    Goods, variety of intrinsic, 248
    Intrinsic. See Better, Good, Value
    Justice, 178-80
    Knowledge, and opinion, 125-8
       value of, 237, 247
    Law, moral and legal, 147-9
    Love, 237, 247
    Maximum, balance of pleasure, 25
       of pleasure, 25 ​
    Meaning and expression, 125
    Moral judgments, different kinds of, 185-90
       origin of, 115-8
       uncertainty of, 126-8, 190-1
    Moral rules, unconditional, 53-5, 138
       universal and general, 175-9
    Motives, 182-90
    Murder, 82-3, 175, 178
    Opinion, and feeling, 94, 119-20
       and knowledge, 125-8
    Ought, and commands, 146-155
       and right, 31-8
    Pain, excess of, over pleasure, 22
    Perfection, 229
    Pleasure, as criterion of right, 234-6
       and desire, 159-60
       excess of, over pain, 21
       maximum of, 25
       value of, 233-246
    Possibility, meanings of, 197-222
    Reason, 150, 151
    Right, and actual consequences, 190-5
    Right, criterion of, 43-4, 234-6
       and duty, 31-8
       equally, 33
       and good, 72, 168-9
       and motives, 182-90
       and ought, 31-8
       and wrong, 31-8, 80-7
    Salvation, 229
    Self, "True," 150
    Self-realisation, 229
    Subjective, 225
    Useful, 250-2
    Utilitarianism, 77-8
    Value, ambiguity of, 72
       "intrinsic," 57-8, 64, 72, 162
    Virtue, 247
    Voluntary, defined, 13-6
    Will, Free, defined, 202-4
       and ought, 145, 155
       "Pure," 150
       "Universal," 150
    Wisdom, 247
    Wrong. See Right.
# Ethics (Spinoza)

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, quotes, textbook, Wikidata item.

### Contents

* Part I: Concerning God
* Part II: On the Nature and Origin of the Mind
* Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions
* Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions
* Part V: Of the Power of the Understanding, or of Human Freedom
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ethics (Moore)/front matter

HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE
No. 52
Editors:
HERBERT FISHER, M.A., F.B.A.
Prof. GILBERT MURRAY, Litt.D., LL.D., F.B.A.
Prof. J. ARTHUR THOMSON, M.A.
Prof. WILLIAM T. BREWSTER, M.A.
THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE
16mo cloth, 50 cents net, by mail 56 cents
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
Just Published
PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY By Bertrand Russell BUDDHISM By Mrs. Rhys Davids
ENGLISH SECTS By W. B. Selbie THE MAKING OF THE NEW TESTAMENT By B. W. Bacon
THE LITERATURE OF THE OLD TESTAMENT By George Moore
ETHICS By G. E. Moore
MISSIONS By Mrs. Creighton COMPARATIVE RELIGION By J. Estlin Carpenter A HISTORY OF FREEDOM OF THOUGHT By J. B. Bury
Future Issues
BETWEEN THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS By R. H. Charles
HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY By C. J. Webb THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND By Canon Watson
# Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics/Preface

​The reasons which induce me to gather together in this Volume the various physical and chemical papers scattered in the Philosophical Transactions and elsewhere, are the same as those which caused the 'Experimental Researches in Electricity' to be collected into one Series. As investigations, several of them are very imperfect; but it was thought a duty to print them just as they were, that they might be referred to as safely for facts, opinions, and dates, as the original papers. The correction of certain phrases and typographical errors, and the addition of some matter here and there with its proper date, is not considered as interfering with this intention.
MICHAEL FARADAY.
October, 1858.
# Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics/Combustion of the diamond

Combustion of the Diamond.
Sir H. Davy was the first to show that the diamond was capable of supporting its own combustion in oxygen without the continued application of extraneous heat, and he thus obviated one of the anomalies exhibited by this body when compared with charcoal. This phenomenon, though rarely observed, is easily exhibited. If the diamond, supported in the perforated cup, be fixed at the end of a jet, so that a stream of hydrogen can be thrown on to it, it is easy, by inflaming the jet, to heat the gem, and whilst in that state to introduce it into a globe or flask containing oxygen. On turning off the hydrogen the diamond enters into combustion, and will remain burning until nearly consumed. The loss of weight in the diamond, the formation of carbonic acid, and the actual combustion are thus very easily shown.
# Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics/Escape of gases through capillary tubes

On the Escape of Gases through Capillary Tubes.
As the mobility of a body, or the ease with which its particles move among themselves, depends entirely upon its physical properties, little delay would arise in the mind, on a consideration of the probable comparative mobilities of the different gases. These bodies being nearly similar in all the physical properties, except specific gravity, which can interfere with internal motions generated in them, would be supposed to have those motions retarded in proportion as this latter character increased; but as this supposition has not been distinctly verified, the following experiments, though possessed of no peculiar claim to attention, may deserve to be recorded.
The apparatus was a copper vessel of the capacity of 100 cubic inches nearly, to which a condensing gauge was attached. Four atmospheres of the gas to be tried were thrown into it, and then a fine thermometer tube, 20 inches in length, was fixed on by adjusting pieces: the gas was suffered to escape until reduced to an atmosphere and a quarter, and the time noticed by a seconds' pendulum. In this way,—
| Carbonic acid gas | required | 156·5 | minutes | to escape. |
| Olefiant gas | „ | 135·5 | „ | „ |
| Carbonic oxide | „ | 133 | „ | „ |
| Common air | „ | 128 | „ | „ |
| Coal-gas | „ | 100 | „ | „ |
| Hydrogen | „ | 57 | „ | „ |
These experiments tend to show, that the mobility of the gases tried decreases as their specific gravity increases, and they are corroborated by others made with vanes. A wheel, having small planes attached to it, as radii perpendicular to the plane of motion, was made to rotate by a constant force in atmospheres of different gases, and the times which the motion ​continued, after the force was removed, diminished as the specific gravity increased; as for instance, in
| Carbonic acid | it continued | 6 | seconds. |
| Common air | „ | 8 | „ |
| Coal-gas | „ | 10 | „ |
| Hydrogen gas | „ | 17 | „ |
There is therefore every reason to believe, that the actual relative mobilities of the gases are inversely as their specific gravities.
These experiments have been carried much further, in consequence of some peculiar results obtained at low pressures; but as I have not been able to satisfy myself respecting the causes, and have probably taken a wrong view of the phenomena, I shall refrain from detailing them, and merely observe, that there is no apparent connexion between the passage of gases through small tubes and their densities at low pressures. Olefiant gas then passes as readily as hydrogen, and twice as rapidly as either carbonic oxide or common air, and carbonic acid escapes far more readily than much lighter gases. Similar results are also obtained by diminishing the bore of the tube, and then even at considerable pressures, the effect produced by mobility alone is interfered with by other causes, and different times are obtained. These anomalies depend, probably, upon some peculiar loss or compensation of forces in the tube, and offer interesting matter of discussion to mathematicians.
# Essays: Second Series

* The Poet
* Experience
* Character
* Manners
* Gifts
* Nature
* Politics
* Nominalist and Realist
* New England Reformers
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Flax

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Flax."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* The Flax, a story by Hans Christian Andersen
* Flax, a poem by Ivan Bunin
* Flax, a poem by Adolf Heyduk

## See also

* "Flax," in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)
# Flaxer v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
358 U.S. 147
Flaxer v. United States
Argued: Nov. 19, 1958. --- Decided: Dec 15, 1958
Mr. David Rein, Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. William Hitz, Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# First National Bank of Chicago v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
283 U.S. 142
First National Bank of Chicago v. United States
Argued: March 4, 1931. --- Decided: April 13, 1931
Mr. Harold V. Amberg, of Chicago, Ill., for petitioner.
The Attorney General and Mr. Charles B. Rugg, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the United States.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines/Dissent Reed

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinions Reed Frankfurter
United States Supreme Court
342 U.S. 396
First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines
Argued: Jan. 8, 1952. --- Decided: March 3, 1952
Mr. Justice REED, dissenting.
I dissent on the ground that Hughes v. Fetter, 341 U.S. 609, 71 S.Ct. 980, 95 L.Ed. 1212, should not be extended to compel a state to entertain an action for wrongful death if the claim could be effectively litigated in the courts of the state where the cause of action arose.
The reasoning for this conclusion is stated in the dissent in Hughes v. Fetter, supra.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines/Dissent Frankfurter

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinions Reed Frankfurter
United States Supreme Court
342 U.S. 396
First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines
Argued: Jan. 8, 1952. --- Decided: March 3, 1952
Mr. Justice FRANKFURTER, dissenting.
As to any question based on diversity jurisdiction, the series of cases culminating in Woods v. Interstate Realty Co., 337 U.S. 535, 69 S.Ct. 1235, 93 L.Ed. 1524, disposes of it. As to the constitutional claim under the Full Faith and Credit Clause, I adhere to the views expressed in Hughes v. Fetter, 341 U.S. 609, 614, 71 S.Ct. 980, 983, 95 L.Ed. 1212.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinions

    Reed
    Frankfurter
United States Supreme Court
342 U.S. 396
First National Bank of Chicago v. United Air Lines
Argued: Jan. 8, 1952. --- Decided: March 3, 1952
See 343 U.S. 921, 72 S.Ct. 675.
Mr. Robert J. Burdett, Chicago, Ill., for petitioner.
Mr. David Jacker, Chicago, Ill., for respondent.
Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Evelina/Volume 2/Letter LXI

YOU will be again surprised, my dear Maria, at seeing whence I date my letter: but I have been very ill, and Mr. Villars was so much alarmed, that he not only insisted upon my accompanying Mrs. Selwyn hither, but earnestly desired she would hasten her intended journey.
We travelled very slowly, and I did not find myself so much fatigued as I expected. We are situated upon a most delightful spot; the prospect is beautiful, the air pure, and the weather very favourable to invalids. I am already better, and I doubt not but I shall soon be well; as well, in regard to mere health, as I wish to be.
I cannot express the reluctance with which I parted from my revered Mr. Villars: it was not like that parting which, last April, preceded my journey to Howard Grove, when, all expectation and hope, though I wept, I rejoiced, and, though I sincerely grieved to leave him, I yet wished to be gone: the sorrow I now felt was unmixed with any livelier sensation; expectation was vanished, and hope I had none! All that I held most dear upon earth I quitted; and that upon an errand, to the success of which I was totally indifferent, the re-establishment of my health. Had it been to have seen my sweet Maria, or her dear mother, I should not have repined.
Mrs. Selwyn is very kind and attentive to me. She is extremely clever: her understanding, indeed, may be called masculine: but, unfortunately, her manners deserve the same epithet; for, in studying to acquire the knowledge of the other sex, she has lost all the softness of her own. In regard to myself, however, as I have neither courage nor inclination to argue with her, I have never been personally hurt at her want of gentleness; a virtue which, nevertheless, seems so essential a part of the female character, that I find myself more awkward, and less at ease, with a woman who wants it, than I do with a man. She is not a favourite with Mr. Villars, who has often been disgusted at her unmerciful propensity to satire: but his anxiety that I should try the effect of the Bristol waters, overcame his dislike of committing me to her care. Mrs. Clinton is also here; so that I shall be as well attended as his utmost partiality could desire.
I will continue to write to you, my dear Miss Mirvan, with as much constancy as if I had no other correspondent; though, during my absence from Berry Hill, my letters may, perhaps, be shortened on account of the minuteness of the journal which I must write to my beloved Mr. Villars: but you, who know his expectations, and how many ties bind me to fulfil them, will I am sure, rather excuse any omission to yourself, than any negligence to him.
# Evelina/Volume 2/Letter XLI

I HAVE no words, my sweet friend, to express the thankfulness I feel for the unbounded kindness which you, your dear mother, and the much-honoured Lady Howard, have shown me; and still less can I find language to tell you with what reluctance I parted from such dear and generous friends, whose goodness reflects, at once, so much honour on their own hearts, and on her to whom it has been so liberally bestowed. But I will not repeat what I have already written to the kind Mrs. Mirvan; I will remember your admonitions, and confine to my own breast that gratitude with which you have filled it, and teach my pen to dwell upon subjects less painful to my generous correspondent.
O, Maria! London now seems no longer the same place where I lately enjoyed so much happiness; every thing is new and strange to me; even the town itself has not the same aspect.-My situation so altered!-my home so different!-my companions so changed!-But you well know my averseness to this journey.
Indeed, to me, London now seems a desert: that gay and busy appearance it so lately wore, is now succeeded by a look of gloom, fatigue, and lassitude; the air seems stagnant, the heat is intense, the dust intolerable, and the inhabitants illiterate and under-bred; At least, such is the face of things in the part of town where I at present reside.
Tell me, my dear Maria, do you never retrace in your memory the time we passed here when together? to mine it recurs for ever! And yet I think I rather recollect a dream, or some visionary fancy, than a reality.-That I should ever have been known to Lord Orville,-that I should have spoken to-have danced with him,-seems now a romantic illusion: and that elegant politeness, that flattering attention, that high-bred delicacy, which so much distinguished him above all other men, and which struck us with so much admiration, I now retrace the remembrance of rather as belonging to an object of ideal perfection, formed by my own imagination, than to a being of the same race and nature as those with whom I at present converse.
I have no news for you, my dear Miss Mirvan; for all that I could venture to say of Madame Duval I have already written to your sweet mother; and as to adventures, I have none to record. Situated as I now am, I heartily hope I shall not meet with any; my wish is to remain quiet and unnoticed.
Adieu! excuse the gravity of this letter; and believe me, your most sincerely Affectionate and obliged EVELINA ANVILLE.
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Winston Churchill (September 5, 1941)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
SEPTEMBER 5, 1941
MOST SECRET
TO: AMEMBASSY LONDON FOR THE FORMER NAVAL PERSON FROM THE PRESIDENT REPLYING TO YOUR 4014 OF SEPTEMBER 1 I AM SURE WE CAN HELP WITH YOUR PROJECT TO REINFORCE THE MIDDLE EAST ARMY. AT ANY RATE I CAN NOW ASSURE YOU THAT WE CAN PROVIDE TRANSPORTS FOR 20,000 MEN. THESE SHIPS WILL BE UNITED STATES NAVY TRANSPORTS MANNED BY NAVY CREWS. OUR NEUTRALITY ACT PERMITS PUBLIC SHIPS OF THE NAVY TO GO TO ANY PORT. MARITIME COMMISSION IS ARRANGING TO PLACE TEN OR TWELVE ADDITIONAL SHIPS IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC RUN BETWEEN AMERICAN PORTS AND GREAT BRITAIN SO THAT YOU COULD RELEASE TEN OR TWELVE OF YOUR CARGO SHIPS FOR CARRYING CARGO TO THE MIDDLE EAST. STARK IS CONSULTING WITH LITTLE AND LAND WITH SALTER IN REFERENCE TO DETAILS. I AM LOANING TO YOU OUR BEST TRANSPORT SHIPS. INCIDENTALLY I AM DELIGHTED THAT YOU ARE GOING TO REINFORCE THE MIDDLE EAST. FOR YOUR PRIVATE AND VERY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION I AM PLANNING TO MAKE A RADIO ADDRESS MONDAY NIGHT RELATIVE TO THE ATTACK ON OUR DESTROYER AND TO MAKE PERFECTLY CLEAR THE ACTION WE INTEND TO TAKE IN THE ATLANTIC.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Winston Churchill Note (January 1941)

Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
​For the Prime Minister
Secret:
Delighted ship is coming to Annapolis. If I can manage it I will go there Friday afternoon and meet Halifax off the harbour. Destroyer will meet her off Capes and act as escort. Would greatly appreciate it if two of our rear admirals and an aide could go up bay on her
Many thanks Roosevelt
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Evolution of the Thermometer/Epitome

CHRONOLOGICAL EPITOME.
# Evolution of the Thermometer

* Dalencé's Thermometer 1688.
* Evolution of the
* Thermometer
* 1592-1743
* ―BY―
* HENRY CARRINGTON BOLTON
* Author of Scientific Correspondence of
* Joseph Priestley
* Easton, PA.:
* The Chemical Publishing Co.
* 1900.
CONTENTS.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Evolution of the Thermometer/Authorities

AUTHORITIES.
# Evolution of the Thermometer/Index

INDEX.
Accademia del Cimento 34
Amontons 61
Amontons' pyrometer 63
Antinori's find 38
Authorities, List of 92
Bacon, Chancellor 26
Baro-thermoscopes 20
Barnsdorff's scale 78
Bergen's scale 79
Boerhaave, Hermann 72
Brisson's scale 83
Boyle, Robert 41
Caus, Salomon de 26
Cartesian divers 33
Castelli 18
Celsius, Andreas 85
Centigrade thermometer 86
Christin of Lyons 85
Crest, Micheli du 84
Dalencé 50
De la Hire's thermometer 64
De l'Isle, Jos. Nicolas 84
De Luc and Lambert 84
Differential thermometer 49
Drebbel, Cornelius 8
Epitome, chronological 90
Fabri, Honoré 46
Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel 66
Fahrenheit's publications 69
Ferdinand II 32
Florentine thermometers 35
Fludd, Robert 27
Fowler's thermometers 80
Galileo, inventor of the thermometer 14
Geoffroy, Etienne François 60 ​Guericke's thermometers 47
Helmont, J. B. van 32
Hermann, Jakob 63
Hooke, Robert 44
Hubin, Sieur 52
Huyghens, Christian 45, 54
Hygroscopes of Sanctorius 23
Kircher, Athanasius 31
Leurechon's thermometer 11
Medicina statica 22
Mercurial thermometers 53
Mersenne, Marin 28
Meteorology in Italy 39
Newton, Sir Isaac 57
Newton's pyrometer 58
Porta, Giambattista della 10
Réaumur, Seigneur de 81
Renaldini, Carlo 56
Römer, Olof 56
Rey, John 29
Saggi ... Acad. del Cimento 35
Sagredo's letters to Galileo 15
Sanctorius 20
Sarpi, Paolo 28
Scales of Fahrenheit 74, 77
Schott, Gaspar 49
Scientists of Holland 67
Soumille's thermometers 83
Strömer, Marten 85
Table of scales 88
Telioux 25
Temperature in Iceland 76
Thermo-barometer of Fahrenheit 69
Thermometer, first occurrence 11
Thermoscope, first occurrence 11
Wolf, Christian von 56, 65, 71