OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Moss, Robert

​MOSS, ROBERT (1666–1729), dean of Ely, eldest son of Robert and Mary Moss, was born at Gillingham in Norfolk in 1666 (so Masters; the 'Life' prefixed to his collected sermons says 'about 1667'). His father was a country gentleman in good circumstances, living at Postwick in the same county. After being educated at Norwich school he was admitted a sizar of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 19 April 1682, at the age of sixteen. He graduated in due course B.A. 1685, M.A. 1688, B.D. 1696, D.D. 1705. Soon after his first degree he was elected to a fellowship at his college. He was ordained deacon in 1688, and priest in 1690. In 1693 he was appointed by the university to be one of their twelve preachers, and his sermons at St. Mary's are said to have been much frequented. After missing by a few votes an appointment to the office of public orator at Cambridge in 1698, he was chosen preacher of Gray's Inn on 11 July of that year, in succession to Dr. Richardson, master of Peterhouse. In December 1716 he was allowed to nominate Dr. Thomas Gooch, master of Caius College, as his deputy in this office. Early in 1699 he was elected assistant-preacher at St. James's, Westminster, and was successively chaplain in ordinary to William III, Anne, and George I. In 1708 the parishioners of St. Lawrence Jewry offered him their Tuesday lectureship, which he accepted, succeeding Dr. Stanhope, then made dean of Canterbury.
Moss's preferments were now so numerous that the master of his college, Dr. Greene, was of opinion that his fellowship was virtually rendered void. A long and somewhat undignified controversy followed between Moss and the master, in which it was alleged that the total value of the church preferments held by Moss, 240l. in all, was equivalent to six fellowships. The master, however, did not proceed to extremities, and Moss retained his fellowship till 1714 (the correspondence is in Addit. MS. 10125).
In 1708, or soon afterwards, he was collated to the rectory of Gedelstone or Gilston, Hertfordshire; and on 16 May 1713 was installed dean of Ely. After suffering much from gout, he died 26 March 1729, and was buried in his own cathedral, where a Latin inscription with his arms (ermine, a cross patée) marks his resting-place. He had married a Mrs. Hinton of Cambridge, who survived him, but he left no issue. The bulk of his fortune, after deducting a small endowment for a sizarship at Caius College, was bequeathed to one of his nephews, Charles Moss [q. v.], bishop of Bath and Wells.
Moss is described as an excellent preacher and a kind and loyal friend. His sermons were collected and published in 1736, in 8 vols. 8vo, with a biographical preface by Dr. Zachary Grey [q. v.], who had married one of his step-daughters. An engraved portrait of the author by Vertue is prefixed.
[Masters's Hist, of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1753, pp. 347-9; Life, by Dr. Z. Grey; Le Neve's Fasti; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. iv. 152; Cole's MSS. vol. xxx. fol. 166, &c.; Addit. MS. 10125.]
J. H. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mosse, Bartholomew

​MOSSE, BARTHOLOMEW (1712–1759), philanthropist, born in 1712, was son of Thomas Mosse, rector of Maryborough, Queen's County. He was apprenticed to John Stone, a Dublin surgeon, and received a license to practise on 12 July 1733. In 1738 he was employed by the government to take charge of the men drafted from Ireland to complete the regiments in Minorca. Wishing to perfect himself in surgery and midwifery by intercourse with the practitioners of other countries, he subsequently travelled through England, France, Holland, and other parts of Europe. At length he settled in Dublin, and, having obtained a license in midwifery, he quitted the practice of surgery.
Struck by the misery of the poor lying-in women of Dublin, Mosse determined to establish a hospital for their relief. With the assistance of a few friends he rented a large house in George's Lane, which he furnished with beds and other necessaries, and opened it on 15 March 1745. This institution is said to have been the first of its kind in Great Britain. Encouraged by its usefulness, Mosse, on his own responsibility, took a large plot of ground on the north side of Dublin, and, with only 500l. in hand, set about the erection of the present Rotunda Hospital on the plans of Richard Cassels [q. v.] The foundation-stone was laid by the lord mayor on 24 May (= 4 June) 1751. By subscriptions, parliamentary grants, and the proceeds of concerts, dramatic performances, and lotteries, the work was pushed on; and the institution was opened for the reception of patients on 8 Dec. 1757, having been incorporated by charter dated 2 Dec. 1756. Parliament on 11 Nov. 1757 granted 6,000l. to the hospital and 2,000l. to Mosse as a reward for his exertions. The house in George's Lane was now closed.
Mosse also formed a scheme, which was partly executed, for nursing, clothing, and maintaining all the children born in the hospital, whose parents consented to entrust them to his care. A technical school was to be opened and provided with able protestant masters, and lie intended to establish a hardware manufactory in connection with it.
Mosse's philanthropic schemes involved him in debt and subjected him to much malicious misrepresentation. Worn out by his exertions he died at the house of Alderman Peter Barre at Cullenswood, near Dublin, on 16 Feb. 1759, and was buried at Donnybrook. By his wife Jane, daughter of Charles Whittingham, archdeacon of Dublin, he left two children. After his death parliament granted at various times 9,000l. to the hospital, and 2,500l. to Mrs. Mosse for the maintenance of herself and her children. Mosse's portrait was presented by William Monck Mason [q. v.] to the hospital in November 1833, and now hangs in the boardroom; it has been engraved by Duncan. A plaster bust of Mosse, probably by Van Nost, stands in the hall. Mosse has been erroneously styled 'M.D.'
[Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science, ii. 565-96 (with portrait); Warburton, Whitelaw, and Walsh's Hist. of Dublin, vol. ii.; Webb's Compendium of Irish Biography.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mosley, Nicholas

​MOSLEY, NICHOLAS (1611–1672), author, son of Oswald Mosley and his wife Anne, daughter of Ralph Lowe, was born at Ancoats Hall, Manchester, in 1611 (baptised at the collegiate church 26 Dec.) On the outbreak of the civil war he took the royalist side, and his estates were in consequence confiscated in 1643, but on 18 Aug. 1646 they were restored on his paying a heavy fine. In 1653 he published a philoophical treatise entitled 'ψυχοσοφια, or Natural and Divine Contemplations of the ​Passions and Faculties of the Soul of Man' (London, Humphrey Moseley, 1653, 8vo). In 1657–8 he, along with other of his townsmen, engaged in a controversial discussion with Richard Heyrick [q. v.] and other leaders of the Manchester presbyterian classis. At the Restoration he mustered the remains of an auxiliary band, with whom he headed an imposing procession to the Manchester collegiate church on the coronation day, 23 Aug. 1661. Among other local public offices held by him were those of justice of the peace, boroughreeve of Manchester (1661-2), and feoffee of Chatham's Hospital and Library. He married Jane, daughter of John Lever of Alkrington, and died at Ancoats in October 1672, leaving three sons.
[Sir O. Mosley's Family Memoirs, 1849, p. 36; Local Gleanings, 1st ser. i. 248, 254, ii. 194; Earwaker's Manchester Court Leet Records, iv. 282, v. 154 et passim; Manchester Constables Accounts, vol. iii.; Foster's Lancashire Pedigrees; Commons' Journals, 5 and 12 May 1643.]
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyland, John (1750-1831)

​HOYLAND, JOHN (1750–1831), writer on the Gipsies, is variously designated as 'of Sheffield, Yorkshire,' and as 'formerly of York.' It was, however, in the counties of Northampton, Bedford, and Hertford that he 'frequently had opportunity of observing the very destitute and abject condition of the Gipsy race,' whom he began to study in the summer of 1814. He belonged to the quaker ​body, and although 'at some time disunited from the society was afterwards reinstated into membership.' His separation may have been due to his falling in 'love with a black-eyed gipsy girl' (Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. v. 386); but there is nothing to warrant Mr. Simson's conclusion 'that the quaker married the gipsy girl' (Simson, Hist. of the Gipsies, 1865, p. 380 n.) He died at Northampton 30 Aug. 1831. His 'Epitome of the History of the World from the Creation to the Advent of the Messiah,' first published anonymously (London, 12mo, 1812), reached a third edition under the title of 'The Fulfilment of Scripture Prophecy' (8vo, 1823). It is a euhemeristic work, where Elijah is the prototype of Phaeton, Jephtha's daughter of Iphigenia. 'A Historical Survey of the Customs, Habits, and Present State of the Gypsies' (York, 8vo, 1816), has still some value,though it is mainly based on Raper's translation of Grellmann's 'Zigeuner.'
[Joseph Smith's Descriptive Catalogue of Friends' Books, 1867; Annual Register, 1831, p.257.
F. H. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hubbard, John Gellibrand

​HUBBARD, JOHN GELLIBRAND, first Lord Addington (1805–1889), born 21 March 1805, was eldest son of John Hubbard (d. 1847), Russia merchant, of Stratford Grove, Essex, by Marian (d. 1851), daughter of John Morgan of Bramfield Place, Hertfordshire. He was educated privately, and, his health being delicate, he was sent in 1816 to a school at Bordeaux, where he remained for four years. In 1821 he entered his father's counting-house, and was soon connected with many important commercial undertakings. He was in 1838 elected a director of the Bank of England. From 1853 until his death he was chairman of the public works loan commission. Hubbard entered the House of Commons in 1859 in the conservative interest, as member for Buckingham. He was not re-elected in 1868, but sat for the city of London from 1874 until 22 July 1887, when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Addington of Addington in the county of Surrey. On 6 Aug. 1874 he was sworn of the privy council. In the House of Commons Hubbard was a recognised authority on financial questions. The income tax was his special study. He wrote on it several pamphlets, including 'How should an Income Tax be levied?' (1852). In 1861, in spite of the opposition of Mr. Gladstone, then chancellor of the exchequer, he carried a motion for a select committee to inquire into the assessment of the tax. Hubbard's schemes involved the application to imperial taxation of the principle now governing local rating, and they were afterwards largely adopted. Hubbard also spoke and wrote on the coinage, ecclesiastical difficulties, and education. He built and endowed St. Alban's Church, Holborn, which was consecrated 26 Feb. 1863, but afterwards (1868), in a letter to the Bishop of London, protested as churchwarden against certain ritualistic practices of which, though a high churchman, he did not approve [see under Mackonochie, Alexander Heriot].
Addington spoke for the last time in the House of Lords on the third reading of the Customs and Inland Revenue Bill, 28 May 1889, and died at Addington Manor 28 Aug. 1889. He was buried in the parish churchyard. He married, 19 May 1837, Maria Margaret, eldest daughter of William John, ​eighth lord Napier, and by her had five sons and four daughters. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Egerton, the present Lord Addington.
[Information from the Hon. A. E. Hubbard; Men of the Time, ed. 1887; Times, 20 July 1868 and 29 and 31 Aug. 1889; Church Times, 6 Sept. 1889; Hansard's Parl. Debates; A. H. Mackonochie, edit. 1890; Return of Memb. of Parl.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyland, John (1783-1827)

​HOYLAND, JOHN (1783–1827), organist and composer, the son of a Sheffield cutler, was born in 1783. From his childhood he evinced an aptitude for music, which he studied, for purposes of recreation, under William Mather, organist to St. James's, Sheffield. Owing to pecuniary losses, Hoyland turned to his art for a livelihood, and devoted himself to teaching music, with great success. In 1808 he succeeded Mather as organist of St. James's, and eleven years later removed to Louth, Lincolnshire, where he was before long appointed organist of the parish church. He died on 18 Jan. 1827. His son William was organist of St. James's from 1829 to 1857.
Hoyland composed several anthems and sacred pieces, also pianoforte studies and songs. He is chiefly remembered by his setting of the 150th Psalm and a version of 'The Land o' the Leal.'
R. F. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyle, Joshua

​HOYLE, JOSHUA, D.D. (d. 1654), puritan divine, was born at Sowerby, near Halifax, Yorkshire, and educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford. Being invited to Dublin, probably by relatives (Catalogue of Graduates in University of Dublin, p.284), he became fellow of Trinity College, apparently in 1609, received his doctor's degree, and was made professor of divinity in the university. Wood describes the learning of his lectures and his sermons. In 1641, on the breaking out of the rebellion, he took refuge in London, where he was made vicar of Stepney. His preaching was found 'too scholastical' for his London congregation. In 1643 he became a member of the Westminster Assembly of Divines, and regularly attended its meetings. He was presented to the living of Sturminster Marshall, Dorsetshire, by the ​House of Commons in February 1642-3 (Journals of the House of Commons, ii. 973). He gave evidence against Laud as to his policy when chancellor of Dublin University (cf. Laud, Works, iv. 297; Prynne, Canterburies Doome, &c., pp. 178, 359). In 1648, having been for some time employed by the committee of parliament for the reformation of the university of Oxford, he was appointed master of University College and regius professor of divinity. A canonry of Christ Church,which had been appropriated for the support of the professorship, was assigned to another before Hoyle's appointment, and, since the income of the master of University College was very small, Hoyle complained with reason of straitened means. He died on 6 Dec. 1654, and was buried in the old chapel of University College.
Hoyle's learning was esteemed by Archbishop Ussher, in whose vindication he wrote 'A Rejoynder to Master Malone's Reply concerning Reall Presence,' Dublin, 1641, 4to. A sermon preached by J. H., printed in 1645 with the title 'Jehojades Justice against Mattan, Baal's Priest,' &c., is attributed to Hoyle.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), iii. 382, 507, 1146, iv. 398; Brook's Puritans, iii. 226; Neal's Hist. of the Puritans, iii. 393; Register of the Visitors of the Univ. of Oxford, 1647-58, ed. Professor Burrows (Camden Soc.)]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyle, William

​HOYLE, WILLIAM (1831–1886), temperance reformer, fourth child of poor parents, was born in the valley of Rossendale, Lancashire, in 1831. By constant and severe labour he succeeded in 1851 in starting a business as a cotton-spinner in partnership with his father at Brooksbottom, near Bury, Lancashire. In 1859 he married, and removed to Tottington, where a large mill was built. He died on 26 Feb. 1886.
On reaching an independent position Hoyle threw himself with great energy into the temperance movement. In 1869 he published a pamphlet by 'A Cotton Manufacturer,' entitled 'An Inquiry into the long-continued Depression in the Cotton Trade,' which, revised and enlarged into a book, was published in 1871 as 'Our National Resources, and how they are wasted,' 8vo. This volume made Hoyle at once a recognised authority on the statistics of the drink question. He followed it up by many short publications, and by an annual letter to the 'Times' on the 'drink bill' of successive years. In 1876 appeared 'Crime in England and Wales in the Nineteenth Century.' Hoyle was an ardent supporter of the policy and proceedings of the United Kingdom Alliance, and interested himself also in the introduction into England of Good Templarism. In connection with these organisations he wrote many pamphlets and letters. His 'Hymns and Songs for Temperance Societies and Bands of Hope' have had a large circulation.
[Manchester Guardian, 1 March 1886, p. 8; Ch. of Engl. Temperance Chron. 6 March 1886; Temperance Record, 4 March 1886.]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyland, Francis

​HOYLAND, FRANCIS (fl. 1763), poet, the son of James Hoyland of Castle Howard in the county of York, was born in 1727. He was educated in a school at Halifax, and on 18 June 1744 matriculated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1748. Soon afterwards he seems to have made a voyage to the West Indies to recruit his health (cf. his Ode to Sleep}. He took holy orders, was the friend of William Mason [q.v.], and was introduced, probably by Mason, to Horace Walpole, who exerted himself on his behalf, and printed his poems at the Strawberry Hill press in 1769. From Hoyland's works it may be gathered that he was married and poor. The date of his death is uncertain. In 1769 he was very ill, and his illness prevented him from accepting an offer of a living in South Carolina. He wrote: 1. 'Poems and Translations,' London, 1763, 4to, containing three metrical versions of psalms by J. Caley. 2. 'Poems,' another edition, slightly altered, Strawberry Hill, 1769, 8vo. Two impressions with different title-pages appeared the same year. 3. 'Odes,' Edinburgh, 1783. His poems were reprinted in vol.xli. of the 'British Poets' (ed. Thomas Park), 1808, 8vo, and in the 'British Poets,' 1822, vol. lxxiii. 8vo.
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoyle, John

​HOYLE, JOHN (d. 1797?), was author of a dictionary of musical terms entitled 'Dictionarium Musica [sic]; being a complete Dictionary or Treasury of Music,' London, 1770; republished, with a new title, in 1790 and 1791. The work was pronounced 'short and incomplete' by the 'Critical Review' for February 1791. Hoyle is said to have died in 1797.
[Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 755.]
R. F. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Menzies, John (1756-1843)

​MENZIES, JOHN (1756–1843), founder of Blairs College, Kincardineshire, was the last member of an ancient family long settled at Pitfodels, Aberdeenshire, which had always adhered to the Roman catholic faith. He was born on 15 Aug. 1756, a few months after his father's death. The care of his education devolved on his mother, a daughter of the house of Kirkconnel. She resided for some time at Dinant in Belgium, where her son was educated, and, on the breaking up of the Jesuit College there, she applied in 1774 to Bishop Hay, vicar-apostolic of the lowland district of Scotland, for permission to employ the services of Sir Alexander Strachan, the ex-jesuit missionary at Kirkconnel, in completing the education of her son. Hay was compelled, however, to decline the request. It has been said of Menzies that for thirty-seven years he never became aware of distress or difficulty without exerting himself to relieve it. Sir Walter Scott, writing on 30 Jan. 1827, says: ‘About three, Pitfoddels called. A bauld crack that auld papist body, and well informed. We got on religion. He is very angry with the Irish demagogues, and a sound well-thinking man’ (Journal, 1890, i. 349). In the course of that year Menzies conveyed to Bishop Paterson his beautiful estate, with the large mansion-house of Blairs, Kincardineshire, about six miles from Aberdeen. There the college dedicated to St. Mary, for the education of secular priests, was opened 2 June 1829, and the students from the two seminaries of Aquhorties and Lismore were removed to the new institution. Menzies was also a munificent benefactor to the convent of St. Margaret, Edinburgh, opened in 1835. For many years he discharged the duties of convener of Aberdeenshire, and he was a member of the Abbotsford Club, to which he presented ‘Extracta e variis Cronicis Scocie,’ 1842 (Lowndes, Bibl. Man. ed. Bohn, App. p. 38). He died at Greenhill Cottage, near Edinburgh, 11 Oct. 1843.
[Catholic Mag. new ser. (July–December 1843), ii. 295; Catholic Mag. and Review (Birmingham, 1831–2), i. 281 n.; Irving's Eminent Scotsmen, p. 348; Hist. of St. Margaret's Convent, Edinburgh, pp. 104–8; Sir W. Scott's Journal, i. 347, ii. 168; Stothert's Catholic Mission in Scotland, p. 129.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Menzies, Michael

​MENZIES, MICHAEL (d. 1766), advocate and inventor, had a younger brother who was sheriff-depute of East Lothian (Hepburn, Agriculture of East Lothian, ​Edinburgh, 1794, p. 147). He was admitted a member of the Faculty of Advocates on 31 Jan. 1719, but the books contain no particulars of his parentage. He probably belonged to the Menzies of Culter-Allers, Lanarkshire (cf. Irving, Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, iii. 145). He was the first to suggest thrashing grain by a machine, and his idea was to imitate the action of the ordinary flail. A number of flails were attached to a horizontal axis, which was moved rapidly to and fro through half a revolution, the grain to be thrashed being placed on either side. He took out a patent for his invention in 1734 (No. 544), and he made a machine, which he brought under the notice of the Society of Improvers in Agriculture, who seemed inclined to think well of it. It is described in the ‘Transactions’ of that body (Edinburgh, 1743, p. 276), and the report is alluded to in the ‘Farmers' Magazine,’ Edinburgh, 1816, xvii. 401. It was not a practical success. Menzies also took out a patent in 1750 (No. 653) for a machine for conveying coal from the face of the working to the bottom of the shaft, and in 1761 he obtained another patent (No. 762) for working and draining coal mines. The specifications of these two patents are of very great length, and the machinery is exceedingly complicated. According to Curr's ‘Coal Viewer's Companion,’ 1797, pp. 33, 35, Menzies's machinery came into use, in part at all events, but the method of raising coals up the shaft was only applicable where a stream of water with a fall of about half the depth of the pit was available. It seems also to have been used at Chatershaugh colliery, on the Wear, in 1753 (cf. Galloway, Coal Mining, p. 112), and it is briefly alluded to by R. Bald in his ‘Coal Trade of Scotland,’ p. 90.
Menzies died at Edinburgh 13 Dec. 1766.
[Scots Magazine, 1766, p. 671; see art. Andrew Meikle.]
R. B. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Luby, Thomas

​LUBY, THOMAS (1800–1870), mathematician, born at Clonmel, co. Tipperary, in 1800, was descended from a Huguenot family which fled from France in 1685 and settled in Canterbury. His father, John Luby, married Eleanor Fogarty, of the old Irish family of Castle Fogarty. He entered Trinity College, Dublin, as a sizar in 1817, obtained a scholarship in 1819, graduated B.A. in 1821, and proceeded M.A. in 1825 and D.D. in 1840. Elected to a junior fellowship in 1831, he was co-opted senior fellow in 1847. Among the various college offices filled by him were those of university preacher, censor, junior dean, bursar, senior dean, and senior lecturer, Donegal lecturer, and mathematical examiner in the school of civil engineering. He died in Dublin on 12 June 1870, and was buried at Aberystwith. He married first Mary Anne Wetherall, niece of General Sir Frederick Wetherall, K.C.B., and secondly Jane Rathborne of Dunsina, and had six sons and four daughters. His popularity as a college tutor was unexampled. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy, to which he presented the autograph of Wolfe's 'Burial of Sir J. Moore,' and he wrote for college use 'An Introductory Treatise on Physical Astronomy,' London, 1828, and 'The Elements of Plane Trigonometry,' 1825; third edit. 1852. He also edited Brinkley's 'Astronomy,' Dublin, 1836. and was associated with Sir W. R. Hamilton in many of his publications.
A. M. C.