OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Allen, Hon. Sir George Wigram

Layout 2
​Allen, Hon. Sir George Wigram, K.C.M.G., son of the late Hon. George Allen, M.L.C. (q.v.), was born in Sydney on May 16th, 1824. He was educated at Cape's school and at Sydney College where he distinguished himself in classics and mathematics. He was articled to his father, and admitted an attorney and solicitor of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 1846. He married, in July 1851, Marian, eldest daughter of the late Rev. William Billington Boyce, first President of the Australian Wesleyan Conference, who survived him. He was a Commissioner of National Education from 1853 to 1866, and became a member of the Council of Education in 1873. In 1859 he was made a magistrate, and chosen first Mayor of The Glebe, an office ​to which he was many times consecutively re-elected. He was appointed a member of the Legislative Council in 1860, but resigned his seat; and was elected a member of the Legislative Assembly for The Glebe in 1869. He was chosen President of the Law Institute in 1870; and on Dec. 9th, 1873, he accepted office in the Parkes Ministry, becoming the first Minister of Justice and Public Instruction appointed after the creation of the office. He retired with his colleagues on Feb. 8th, 1875, and was chosen Speaker of the Legislative Assembly on March 23rd, 1875, being re-elected on Nov. 27th, 1877 (in which year he was knighted), and Dec. 15th, 1880. In the next parliament he was displaced by Mr. Barton (Jan. 3rd, 1883). In 1878 Sir George was elected to the Senate of Sydney University, to fill the vacancy created by the death of his father. Sir George was one of the vice-presidents of the Royal Commission for the Sydney International Exhibition of 1879, and also of the New South Wales Commission for the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. In 1884 Sir George was created K.C.M.G., and died on July 23rd, 1885.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Akhurst, William

Layout 2
​Akhurst, William, the actor, was born at Hammersmith on Dec. 29th, 1822, and went to Melbourne, Australia, in 1850. Here he joined the Melbourne Argus as sub-editor and musical critic. Subsequently he wrote fourteen pantomimes, one of his burlesques, the "Siege of Troy," running sixty nights. In 1870 he returned to England, and wrote pantomimes for Astley's, the Pavilion, and the Elephant and Castle Theatres. He died on board of the Patriarch, whilst on his way out to Sydney, on June 7th, 1878.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Allen, Hon. George

Layout 2
​Allen, Hon. George, M.L.C., was the son of Dr. Richard Allen, physician to George III., and was born in London in Nov. 1800. He arrived in New South Wales in Jan. 1816, and was the first attorney and solicitor admitted by the Supreme Court of New South Wales. This took place on July 26th, 1822, and he had much difficulty in maintaining his status against the English-bred attorneys who desired to monopolise the practice. He married in 1823, and was elected Alderman of the Brisbane Ward in the first corporation of the city of Sydney in 1842, acting as third Mayor of the city in 1845. In the latter year he was nominated to a seat in the old Legislative Council, and was appointed honorary Police Magistrate of the City and Port. In 1856 he became a member of the present Legislative Council, and was elected Chairman of Committees, an office which he resigned in 1873, along with his membership of the Council of Education, which he had held since 1866. He assisted in founding Sydney College, and held office on the governing body for many years. In 1859 he was elected a member of the Senate of the University, to which he bequeathed £1000 for a scholarship for proficiency in mathematics in the second year. Mr. Allen, who was a prominent member of the Wesleyan-Methodist body, died at Toxteth Park Glebe on Nov. 3rd, 1877.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Allen, Harry Brookes

Layout 2
​Allen, Harry Brookes, M.D., Professor of Anatomy and Pathology in Melbourne University, graduated M.B. at Melbourne University in 1876, M.D. in 1878, and Ch.B. in 1879. He was appointed Professor of Descriptive and Surgical Anatomy and Pathology in the University in Nov. 1882. He is President of the Melbourne Medical Students' Society and of the Melbourne University Boat Club. He was president of the Commission which sat in 1889 to inquire into the sanitary state of Melbourne; and, having received a year's leave of absence, visited Europe in 1890 to inquire into the management of the various medical schools of the United Kingdom and the Continent. At Dr. Allen's instance the General Medical Council in England agreed to recognise Melbourne medical degrees, and he was himself the first M.D. of the University to be registered in accordance with the new arrangement. He was married at Sutton Forest, Sydney, to Miss Ada Rose Elizabeth Mason.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Ahearne, Surgeon-Major Joseph

Layout 2
​Ahearne, Surgeon-Major Joseph, L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S., is a native of Ireland, and was admitted L.R.C.S. (Ireland) in 1871, and L.R.C.P. (London) in 1878. He emigrated to Queensland, and was appointed Government Medical Officer at Townsville in Nov. 1879. He was appointed Surgeon-Major and Principal Medical Officer of the defence force for the Northern District in Nov. 1886, and Health Officer at Townsville on Nov. 25th, 1886. In that year he visited England as the representative of the North Queensland Separation League; and much of the progress which has since attended the operations of the League is to be ascribed to the impetus given to it by Dr. Ahearne's exertions. Dr. Ahearne married Miss Cunningham, the daughter of Edward Cunningham, a Queensland squatter.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Airy, Major Henry Park

recorded in contemporary sources of the period as Henry Park(e) Airey
Layout 2
​Airy, Major Henry Park, D.S.O., of the New South Wales Artillery, was formerly in the 101st Foot; and having become attached to the New South Wales military forces, of which he became captain in March 1885, served in the Soudan campaign with the colonial contingent, receiving a medal, with clasp, for the advance on Tamai. He served with the British army in Burmah in 1886 and 1887, and having behaved with great gallantry and been severely wounded, was created a Companion of the ​Distinguished Service Order (in 1888), was mentioned in despatches, and pensioned by the Government of India. In further recognition of his brilliant services in Burmah, he was, in June 1887, appointed a brevet-major in the New South Wales forces by Lord Carrington, then Governor of that colony.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von

Edition of 1920. See also Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SIEBOLD, zē'bŏlt, Karl Theodor Ernst von, German physiologist and zoologist: b. Würzburg, 16 Feb. 1804; d. Munich, 7 April 1885. He studied at Göttingen and Berlin; in 1840 was made professor of physiology at Erlangen, in 1845 at Freiburg and in 1850 at Breslau. In 1853 he was made profesor of physiology and comparative anatomy at Munich, where to his chair were later added duties as professor of zoology and director of the zoological and zootomical cabinet. His contributions to scientific research are suggested by the titles of his monographs: ‘Observationes de Salamandris et Tritonibus’ (1828); ‘Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der wirbellosen Tiere’ (Eng. trans., ‘Manual of Comparative Anatomy of the Invertebrates,’ 1848); ‘Ueber die Band- und Blasenwürmer’ (1854); ‘Wahre Parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen und Bienen’ (1856); ‘Beiträge zur Parthenogenesis der Arthopoden’ (1871). Consult Hertwig's memorial address ‘Gedächtnissrede’ (1886). In 1849 he assisted to found the Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Siebold, Philipp Franz von

Edition of 1920. See also Philipp Franz von Siebold on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SIEBOLD, Philipp Franz von, German physician and traveler: b. Würzburg, 1796; d. Munich, 1866. He was a son of a professor of medicine at Würzburg, and there received his education. In 1822 he removed to the Netherlands and became sanitary officer at Batavia, Dutch East Indies. He accompanied the Dutch embassy to Japan in 1823 and remained there until 1830. He made a second visit in 1859-62. His books upon the Japanese, their language, the flora and fauna of the country, etc., did much to make that country known to the world. He published ‘Nippon, Archiv zur Beschreibung von Japan’ (1832); ‘Fauna japonica’ (1833); ‘Flora japonica’ (1835); ‘Bibliotheca Japonica’ (1833-41); ‘Catalogus librorum japonicorum’ (1845); ‘Isagoge in bibliothecam japonicam’ (1841); ‘Epitome linguæ japonicæ’ (1826-53); ‘Floræ japonicæ familiæ naturales’ (1851).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Shepard, Edward Morse

Edition of 1920. See also Edward M. Shepard on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SHEPARD, Edward Morse, American lawyer: b. New York, 1850; d. 28 July 1911. He was graduated from the College of the City of New York in 1869, studied law and was admitted to the bar. He established a practice in Brooklyn, and was an active member of the Democratic party there, being one of the organizers of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Brooklyn. He held no public office except as member of the civil service commission of the city in 1883-85, and chairman of that commission in 1888-90. In 1884-85 he was a State forestry commissioner, and was the author of the commission's report for that year. In 1901 he was the regular Democratic nominee for mayor of Greater New York, but was defeated by Seth Low. For several years he was counsel for the New York Rapid Transit Commission, and resigned that position in March 1904 to become general counsel for the Pennsylvania Railroad. He wrote ‘Martin Van Buren’ (in American Statesmen Series; rev. ed., 1900); ‘Dishonor in American Public Life’ (1882); (‘The Work of a Social Teacher’ (1884).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Shorey, Paul

Edition of 1920. See also Paul Shorey on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SHOREY, shō'rĭ, Paul, American educator: b. Davenport, Iowa, 3 Aug. 1857. He was graduated from Harvard University in 1878, and was admitted to the Chicago bar in 1880. He was professor of Greek at Bryn Mawr College 1885-92, resigning in the latter year to fill a similar chair at the University of Chicago. He was professor in the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 1901-02, and was appointed by Columbia University Roosevelt professor in the University of Berlin 1913-14. He was managing editor of, and a contributor to, Classical Philology from 1908. He published ‘De Platonis Idearum Doctrina’ (1884); ‘The Idea of Good in Plato's Republic’ (1895); ‘The Odes and Epodes of Horace’ (1898; revised ed. with Laing, 1910).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sickingen, Franz von

Edition of 1920. See also Franz von Sickingen on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SICKINGEN, zĭk'ĭng-ĕn, Franz von, German soldier and Protestant reformer: b. near Kreuznach, 2 March 1481; d. 7 May 1523. From early youth he devoted himself to the military life. The protection of the oppressed was his chief occupation. He assisted many a creditor in procuring what was due him from a powerful debtor. He was the enemy of tyranny, and endeavored on every occasion to repress the despotism of princes and the arrogance of the priests. Without being a scholar he loved science and protected men of learning
(for instance Reuchlin, whom he defended against the monks of Cologne); and in his castle at Ebernburg many persecuted scholars found a safe asylum. He was a friend of the Reformation, and contributed greatly to extend it in the countries which bordered on the Rhine. At last he engaged in a quarrel with Treves, the palatinate, and Hesse, which drew upon him the ban of the empire. He died soon after the surrender of Neustall, one of his castles, having previously received a severe injury from a fall during a sally. Consult the study by Ulmann (1872).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Shepard, Helen Miller

Edition of 1920. See also Helen Miller Shepard on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SHEPARD, Helen Miller (Gould), American philanthropist: b. New York, 20 June 1868. She is a daughter of the late Jay Gould (q.v.), and has achieved an extended fame through her benefactions for charitable and educational uses. At the opening of the war with Spain she not only contributed $100,000 to the United
States government, but was active in the Woman's National War Relief Association, to which she was a generous contributor. Among other notable gifts of hers are the library of New York University; $50,000 to the naval branch of the Young Men's Christian Association of Brooklyn; and $100,000 to New York University, for a Hall of Fame for Great Americans, in 1900. She married Finley Johnson Shepard 22 Jan. 1913; is a member of the board of the Russell Sage Foundation and of the national board Y. W. C. A.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Shipton, Mother

Edition of 1920. See also Mother Shipton on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SHIPTON, shĭp'tȯn, Mother, an English prophetess about whose existence there seems to be no certainty, while there is no doubt that many of the sayings attributed to her were fabricated by others. According to S. Baker, who published Mother Shipton's pretended prophecies in 1797, she was born near Knaresborough, Yorkshire, in July 1488, and baptized as Ursula Southiel. She died, according to the same authority, at over 70 years of age, but it was not until 1641 that a pamphlet appeared containing some of her alleged predictions. In 1645 all her prophecies were considered as having been fulfilled. In 1862 a prediction was made, with Mother Shipton's name appended to it, that the world would come to an end in 1881. It caused some excitement among the ignorant.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sick Man of Europe, The

Edition of 1920. See also Sick man of Europe on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SICK MAN OF EUROPE, The, a term applied to Turkey in 1854, by the Tsar Nicholas, in a conversation with Sir Hamilton Seymour, the British ambassador at Saint Petersburg. The tsar intimated his opinion that Turkey was sick and dying. He therefore proposed that, to avoid a European war when the demise took place, Russia and Great Britain should come at once to a private arrangement as to the disposal of the Sick Man's effects. As France was ignored in the arrangement, there was some doubt as to the good faith of the tsar. The British government rejected the proposal, intimated its belief in the recovery of the Sick Man, and soon after fought by his side in the Crimean War.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Siebert, Wilbur Henry

Edition of 1920. See also Wilbur Henry Siebert on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SIEBERT, sē'bėrt, Wilbur Henry, American educator: b. Columbus, Ohio, 30 Aug. 1860. He was graduated at Ohio State University in 1888, from Harvard in 1889 and received his A.M. at Harvard in 1890; studied in Germany in 1890-91, was associate professor of European history at the Ohio State University in 1898-1902, since which time he has been professor of that branch. He was secretary of the University Faculty from 1902 to 1906, and acting dean of the College of Arts, Philosophy and Science during 1907-08; also served as lecturer in history at Ohio Wesleyan University during the same year. He traveled in Europe in 1909-10. Is a member of numerous learned and other societies. He has published ‘The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom’ (1898-99); ‘The Government of Ohio’ (1903); numerous papers relating to the dispersion of the American Loyalists, and articles on some other subjects, including a ‘Report on Collections of
Material in English and European History in the Libraries of the United States.’
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Siebengebirge

Edition of 1920. See also Siebengebirge on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SIEBENGEBIRGE, zē'bĕn-gĕ-bēr'gė (Seven Mountains), Germany, a small chain of mountains near the Rhine, in Rhenish Prussia, 20 miles above Cologne. Above the main range rise seven lofty summits, whence the name. These rugged heights are all crowned with ruins of ancient lordly castles of the 12th century. Ölberg is the highest peak (1,522 feet); while the Drachenfels (q.v.) is the more interesting. Cologne Cathedral was built from stones quarried in these Rhenish Mountains. Some of the peaks are ascended by specially built railways. The scenery is romantic and interesting.
# The Flower of the County Down

"The Flower of the County Down" is the original version of "The Star of the County Down". This set of lyrics contains language and places local to Co. Down as opposed to all over Ireland.
In Banbridge town, in the County Down On an evening of July Down a lonely street came a girl so neat And I smiled when she passed me by. She looked so bright with a step as light As the lep of a spring-time hare An' I closed my eyes in a wild surprise To make sure I was really there.
Chorus: From Scrabo Hill to Lisnadill And from Comber to Newry town There's no girl so neat as the damsel sweet She's the Flower of the County Down.
She'd an eye as lush as a clockin' thrush And she flicked at her nut-brown hair And the words I had in my mouth went mad As I stood with me heart all square. As she onward sped sure I shook my head An' sez I to a passerby "Who's the girl so neat with the twinkling feet?" And I waited for his reply.
Chorus
To the spot next day I did make my way And along came the lovely flower At the charming sight me heart took flight Like a lark at the midday hour But I stood my ground and I quickly found At me smile she in no ways frowned An' such words I said I will soon be wed To my Flower o the County Down.
Chorus
# The Flowering of the Strange Orchid

* The Flowering of the Strange Orchid in The Stolen Bacillus and Other Incidents (1904)
* The Flowering of the Strange Orchid in The Works of H. G. Wells (Atlantic Edition, 1924)
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Lick, James

Edition of 1920. See also James Lick on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
LICK, James, American philanthropist: b. Fredericksburg, Lebanon County, Pa., 25 Aug. 1796; d. San Francisco, Cal., 1 Oct. 1876. In 1821 he set up in the pianoforte business at New York, and later was a manufacturer of musical instruments at Buenos Aires, Philadelphia, Valparaiso and elsewhere. In 1847 he went to California, where he gained wealth through investments in real estate and various enterprises. In 1874 he placed $3,000,000 at the disposal of seven trustees, by whom they were to be applied to specific uses. The principal divisions of the funds were: To the University of California, for the construction of an observatory and the placing therein of a telescope to be more powerful than any other in existence, $700,000 (see Lick Observatory); for the building and maintenance of free public baths in San Francisco, $150,000; to found and
endow an institution of San Francisco to be known as the California School of Mechanic Arts, $540,000; for the erection of three appropriate groups of bronze statuary to represent three periods in Californian history and to be placed before the city hall of San Francisco, $100,000; to erect in Golden Gate park, San Francisco, a memorial to F. S. Key, author of ‘The Star-Spangled Banner,’ $60,000.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Lieber, Oscar Montgomery

Edition of 1920. See also Oscar Montgomery Lieber on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
LIEBER, Oscar Montgomery, American mineralogist and chemist; b. Boston, Mass., 8 Sept. 1830; d. Richmond, Va., 27 June 1862. He was a son of Franz Lieber (q.v.) and was educated at the universities of Berlin and Göttingen and the School of Mines at Freiberg, Saxony. In 1850 he became State geologist of Mississippi and afterward engaged in the survey of Alabama and South Carolina. In 1860 he went to Labrador as geologist of the American astronomical expedition. During the early part of the Civil War he served in the Confederate army and was fatally wounded at the battle of Williamsburg. He published ‘The Assayer's Guide’ (1852); ‘The Analytical Chemist's Assistant’ (1852); ‘Geology of Mississippi’ (1854).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Lie, Jonas Lauritz Edemil

Edition of 1920. See also Jonas Lie on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
LIE, lē, Jonas Lauritz Edemil, Norwegian novelist: b. Eker, Norway, 6 Nov. 1833; d. Christiania, 5 July 1908. He was educated at the University of Christiania, where he cultivated the friendship of Björnson and Ibsen, and in 1859 settled as a lawyer at Kongsvinger. He went to Christiania in 1868 to support himself by journalism and literary work and in 1870 became famous with his novel ‘The Visionary.’ The profits from its publication enabled him to spend some time in northern Norway and to visit Holland, Belgium, France and Italy. Returning in 1874, he received the poet's pension from the Storthing, resided in Dresden 1877-81 and from 1882 till 1891 lived in Paris in comparative retirement, writing his most notable works, and in the latter year he went to Rome, from which he returned in 1892 to Norway. The following are his chief novels and stories: ‘Stories and Sketches of Norway’ (1872), containing the story entitled ‘The Horse of Nordfjord’; ‘The Three-Master Future, or Life in the North’ (1873), a series of loosely connected stories or sketches dealing with the life of Norwegian seamen; ‘The Pilot and his Wife’ (1874), showing a considerable advance on his earlier works; ‘Thomas Ross’ (1878); ‘Adam Schrader’ (1879); ‘Rutland’ (1880); ‘Forward! Scenes of the Sea’ (1882); ‘Life's Slaves’ (1883), a powerfully realistic study of a soul involved in the net of circumstance; ‘The Family of Gilie’ (1884), a lighter story of Norwegian life; ‘The Gulf’ (1885), treating of the gradual
decline of an old Norwegian family; ‘Eight Stories’ (1885); ‘The Commandant's Daughters’ (1886), by many regarded as his masterpiece; ‘Two Lives’ (1887), a penetrating study in the psychology of marriage; ‘Maisa Jons’ (1888); ‘Mischievous Powers’ (1889); ‘Trold’ (1891-92); ‘Niobe’ (1893), in which his subject is family troubles arising out of differing social, political or religious views held by parents and children; and ‘Grandfather’ (1895); ‘Wulffie and Co.’ (1901). He published a volume of poems in 1867 and he also wrote several dramas, ‘Faustina Strozzi’ (1875); ‘Grabow's Cat’ (1880) and ‘Merry Wives’ (1894). In 1894 he published an important critical work, ‘Honoré de Balzac, The Man and the Artist.’ Lie's chief works were translated into German, English and other languages. He was a realist who, however, avoided the excesses of his school, was especially happy in his portrayal of sailors and the sea and was gifted with a fine sense of humor and profound sympathy with the humble and the unfortunate and was a master in psychological analysis. A uniform edition of his works was published at Copenhagen in 15 volumes (1902-04). See The Pilot and His Wife.