OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Hatz

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Hatz | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Hatz, ‘baiting, chase’; comp. hetzen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Hauderer

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Hauderer | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Hauderer, m., ModHG. only, from the equiv. Du. stalhouder, lit. Stallhalter, ‘jobmaster’ (in MidG. Geschirrhalter, also Posthalter); Du. houden is ModHG. halten.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Haupt

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Haupt | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Haupt, n., ‘head, chief, leader,’ from MidHG. houbet, houpt (also höubet), n., OHG. houbit, n.; the OTeut. word for ‘head,’ supplanted in the 16th cent. by Kopf in all the G. dials. (Kohl-, Krauthaupt, almost the only existing forms, are dialectal), while E. and Scand. have retained the earlier form — AS. heáfod, E. head (for *heafd), n., OIc. haufuþ, later hǫfuþ, n., Swed. hufvud, Dan. hoved, ‘head,’ Goth. haubiþ, n. Since all the Teut. dialects point to an old diphthong au in the stem, of which û in OHG. hûba, ‘hood,’ is the graded form (comp. Haube), the Aryan base must be koupot, and Lat. căput, for which *cauput might have been expected, was probably transformed by the influence of a word corresponding to AS. hafola, ‘head,’ Sans. kapâla, ‘skull,’ an assumption also supported by Lat. capillus, ‘hair (of the head).’ The MidHG. höubet (Luther Heupt), formed by mutation from OHG. houbit, is still preserved in zu Häupten, in which primit. phrase the plur. curiously represents the sing.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Haube

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Haube | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Haube, f., ‘hood, cap (woman's), crest, tuft,’ from MidHG. hûbe, OHG. hûba, f., ‘covering for the head worn by men (MidHG., especially by soldiers, ‘peaked helmet, steel-cap’) and women’; comp. AS. hûfe, in a special sense ‘mitre’; Scand. húfa, f., ‘cap, hood.’ The cognates are connected by gradation with Haupt (Aryan root kū̆p).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Haue

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Haue | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Haue, f., ‘hoe, mattock, pickaxe,’ from MidHG. houwe, OHG. houwa, f., ‘hatchet.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Haus

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Haus | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Haus, n., ‘house, household,’ from MidHG. and OHG. hûs, n., which has the same sound in all OTeut. dials.; ModDu. huis, E. house (to which husband, hussy, and hustings, are allied). Goth. *hus is found only once in gudhûs, ‘temple,’ lit. ‘God's house' (for which Goth. razn is used; comp. Rast), but may be also inferred from the borrowed term, OSlov. chyzŭ, ‘house.’ In the other Teut. dialects it is the prevalent term, corresponding to G. Haus. Probably cognate with Hütte, and like this term allied to a Teut. root hū̆d, ‘to hide’ (AS. hŷdan, E. to hide); hûsa- for hûssa-, hûþta-, lit. ‘that which hides’?. See further under Hütte. Others connect Goth. hûs with Goth. huz-ds, ‘refuge,’ and Lat. custos. In this case too the prim. sense assigned would hold good.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Hauste

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Hauste | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Hauste, m., from the equiv. MidHG. hûste, m., ‘shock of corn, haycock,’ cannot be traced farther back; evidently for hûfste, akin to hûfe, ‘heap.’ Comp. Lith. kùpstas, ‘tump.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Haubitze

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Haubitze | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Haubitze, f., ‘howitzer,’ first occurs in early ModHG., introduced during the Hussite Wars from Bohemia (houfnice, ‘stone slinger’), hence the earliest recorded form, Haubnitze.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Krieche

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krieche | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krieche, f., ‘early sloe,’ from the equiv. MidHG., f., ‘early sloe-tree,’ OHG. chriehboum; comp. Du. kriek, f., ‘wild cherry.’ Phonetically it might be derived from OHG. Chriah, MidHG. Kriech, ‘a Greek,’ if *grœca could be found in MidLat. denoting the tree and the fruit. The word must hare been introduced from Italy, on account of the Lat. term (comp. Kirsche), for it is inconceivable that the Germans, of their own accord, and without foreign precedent, should lave termed the fruit ‘Greek’ because it was imported, as we assume for the moment, from Greece. At all events, the name has not yet been explained (comp. further the Fr. loan-word crèque).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Krieg

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krieg | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krieg, m., ‘war,’ from MidHG. kriec(g), m., ‘exertion, endeavour to obtain something,’ then also ‘opposition, resistance, argument, discord, combat.’ The predominant meaning in ModHG. is the latest and ‘counter-effort' the earliest; comp. MidHG. einkriege, adj., ‘self-willed.’ For a similar evolution of meaning comp. OHG. flîȥ, ‘exertion, zeal, quarrel'; see Fleiß. The word is almost entirely unknown to OHG.; it occurs once as chrêg, ‘pertinacia,’ with which widarkrêgi, ‘controversia', widarkriegelîn, ‘obstinatus’ (with obscure ê, ia, ie), are connected. This word, obscure in origin, is shared only by Du. (krijg) with G.; in all the other Teut. languages it is wanting, Dan. and Swed. krig being borrowed from G. Comp. the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Krolle

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krolle | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krolle, f., ‘curl’ (Rhen.), from the equiv. MidHG. krolle, krol(-les), m.; comp. Du. krul, f., ‘curl.’ MidHG. krol, adj., Du. krullig, MidE. crul, adj., ‘curly’; Du. krullen, MidE. crullen, ‘to frizzle.’ For the connection between MidHG. krolle, f. (Goth. *krŭzlô), and ModHG. kraus, MidHG. krûs, see under kraus.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kreuzer

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kreuzer | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kreuzer, m., ‘kreutzer’ (about $\scriptstyle {\frac {1}{3}}$d.), from MidHG. kriuzer, kriuzœre, m., a small coin, orig. marked with a cross (MidHG. kriuze), ‘kreutzer.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Krippe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Krippe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Krippe, f., ‘crib,’ from the equiv. MidHG. krippe, OHG. chrippa, f., for chrippja (Goth. *kribjô; for HG. pp. from Goth. bj, comp. further Rippe, Suppe, and üppig); corresponding to OSax. kribbia, kribba, AS. cribb, E. crib. In HG. occurs a variant with pf, which is phonetically obscure, OHG. chripfa, MidHG. and ModHG. kripfe; there are also dial. forms with u in the stem, Swiss krüpfli, LG. krübbe, AS. crybb, Scand. krubba, ‘crib.’ This word, in Goth. uzêta, ‘the thing from which one feeds,’ is connected with MidHG. krëbe, ‘basket’; hence ‘resembling a basket, woven,’ was perhaps the prim. meaning of Krippe. The West Teut. word passed into ​Rom. — Ital. greppia, Prov. crupia (the latter connected with the Teut. forms in u mentioned above), ModFr. crèche (whence E. cratch, ‘a grated crib,’ MidE. crache).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kring

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kring | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kring, m., ‘circular pad for the head,’ from MidHG. krinc(g), m., ‘circle, ring, district,’ with the MidG. variant kranc(g); LG. has a variant krink with final k, since in the whole of the corresponding class k and g at the end of the stem interchange (comp. frank). Scand. kring, kringum, adv., ‘round about,’ kringja, ‘to encircle,’ kringlóttr, adj., ‘round.’ — E. crank, MidE. cranke; E. to crankle, ‘to run in a winding course,’ crinkle, ‘wrinkle, bend.’ ModHG. Ring and its cognates differ etymologically from Kring. In the allied Aryan languages some connect Lith. gręziù, grężti, ‘to twist, turn,’ with the Aryan root grengh, authenticated by Kring. Gr. βρόχος, ‘noose, cord,’ is scarcely akin.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kringel

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kringel | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kringel, Krengel, m., ‘cracknel,’ dimin. of Kring, or rather Krang; used even in MidHG. as a term in pastry.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kribskrabs

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kribskrabs | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kribskrabs, Kribbelkrabbel, m., ModHG., an onomatopoetic term for ‘utter confusion’; comp. ModDu. kribbelen, ‘to scrawl’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kriechente

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kriechente | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kriechente, see Kriekente.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Kriekente

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kriekente | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kriekente, f., ‘teal,’ a LG. form for HG. Kriech-Ente; wanting in MidHG. and OHG.; it is based on Lat. anas crecca, hence also Swed. kräcka. Fr. sarcelle, ‘teal,’ like Ital. cerceta, is traced to Lat. anas querquedula; thus it has no etymological connection with Kriechente; the same may be said of E. crake, corncrake.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pokal

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pokal. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pokal, masculine, ‘drinking cup,’ first occurs in Modern High German from Italian boccale (French bocal), ‘beaker, mug,’ which with its Romance cognates is usually traced back to Greek βαυκάλἰον, ‘vessel’; compare Becher.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Polster

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Polster. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Polster, masculine and neuter ‘cushion, bolster,’ from the equivalent Middle High German polster, bolster, Old High German bolstar. masculine; corresp. to Dutch bolster, Anglo-Saxon and English bolster, and its equivalent Old Icelandic bólstr. The cognates are connected with the Old Teutonic root belg, ‘to swell,’ to which Balg also belongs, hence the original sense is ‘swelling’ (Teutonic bolstra-, from bolhstro-). With the corresponding Sanscrit root bṛh, ‘to be great.’ Sanscrit upabarhaṇa, ‘bolster,’ is connected; compare also Prussian pobalso, balsinis, ‘pillow,’ Servian blazina (from *bolzina), ‘pillow.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pocke

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pocke. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pocke, feminine, ‘pock,’ properly a Low German word, unknown in this form to Middle High German and Old High German; compare the equivalent Dutch pok, for which we should have expected Pfoche in High German, and in fact the dialects preserve this form. Allied to Anglo-Saxon pocc, English pock. The cognates seem to be based on a Teutonic root puh, ‘to swell,’ which appears also in Anglo-Saxon pohha, poca, English poke and pocket.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pomeranze

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pomeranze. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pomeranze, feminine, ‘orange,’ adopted in the 15th century from the equivalent Middle Latin pomarancia, a compound of Italian pomo, ‘apple,’ and arancia, ‘orange’; the latter word and French orange are usually derived from Arabic nâranǵ, Persian nârenġ, and further from Sanscrit nâranga, ‘orange.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Popanz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Popanz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Popanz, masculine, ‘bugbear,’ Modern High German only, from Bohemian bobak, ‘frightful object.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pluderhose

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pluderhose. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pluderhose, feminine, ‘wide breeches,’ first occurs in early Modern High German; origin uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Plunder

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Plunder. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Plunder, masculine, ‘trash, lumber, plunder,’ from late Middle High German plunder, blunder, masculine, ‘household furniture, clothes, linen,’ which is probably a Low German loan-word (Middle Low German plunde, ‘clothing’). Hence plündern, ‘to plunder,’ literally ‘to take away the household furniture’ (also Dutch plunderen, ‘to plunder’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Plüsch

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Plüsch. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Plüsch, masculine, ‘plush,’ Modern High German only, formed from tho equivalent French peluche (Italian peluzzo).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Polei

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Polei. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Polei, masculine, ‘penny-royal,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German polei, pulei, neuter; based on Latin pûlêjum, ‘penny-royal’ (whence Italian poleggio, French pouliot).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pomp

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pomp. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pomp, masculine, ‘pomp, splendour,’ first occurs in early Modern High German, from French pompe, feminine (Latin-Greek pompa).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zunft

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zunft. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zunft, feminine, ‘guild, corporation, club, sect,’ from Middle High German zunft, zumft, Old High German zumft, feminine, ‘propriety, rule, law; society governed by certain rules, union, association,’ guild’; allied to ziemen. Old High German zumft is derived from zëman, ‘to be proper,’ by means of the -ti (Gothic -þi), which forms verbal abstracts; for the intrusion of an f in the combination mt, compare Kunft, Nunft, and Ramft. Hence the original meaning of Zunft is ‘suitability, propriety, that which is becoming or according to law.’ For the development of meaning compare Gilde, derived from Low German.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zweck

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zweck. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zweck, masculine, ‘nail, plug; aim, object, design, goal,’ from Middle High German zwëc (-ckes), masculine, ‘nail, plug in the centre of the target; aim, object, design’; compare zwacken, zwicken, and Zwick. How the Modern High German word (originally ‘nail’) acquired its most prevalent meaning ‘design’ is explained by the Middle High German term, of which the central idea is ‘the object aimed at in the target’; other cognates of the Middle High German word are wanting.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zug

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zug. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zug, masculine, ‘pull, march, expedition,’ from Middle High German zuc (genitive zuges), Old High German zug, masculine, a verbal abstract of ziehen (compare Flug from fliegen). Corresponding to the equivalent Dutch teug, Anglo-Saxon tyge, English tug, and Danish tog.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zunge

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zunge. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zunge, feminine, ‘tongue, language,’ from Middle High German zunge, feminine, ‘tongue, tongue-shaped ​piece, language,’ Old High German zunga, feminine, ‘tongue, domain of a language.’ Compare Old Saxon tunga, Low German tunge, Dutch tonge, Old Frisian tunge, Anglo-Saxon tunge, English tongue, Old Icelandic and Swedish tunga, Danish tunge, Gothic tuggô. In non-Teutonic occurs the cognate Latin lingua, which is usually supposed to come from *dingua (like lacrima for dacrima, see Zähre). Teutonic tungôn, with Zange, is scarcely allied to the Sanscrit root danç, ‘to bite, be pointed’ (Zunge should be literally ‘that which licks’); the relation to Sanscrit juhû, jihvâ, ‘tongue,’ is uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zufall

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zufall. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zufall, masculine, ‘chance, incident, occurrence, accident,’ from late Middle High German zuoval, masculine, ‘accident, what happens to a person, receipts’; allied to fallen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zugang

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zugang. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zugang, masculine, ‘admittance, access,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German zuoganc, masculine (see Gang).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zuversicht

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zuversicht. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zuversicht, feminine, ‘confidence, reliance, conviction,’ from Middle High German zuoversiht (Middle German zûvorsiht), Old High German zuofirsiht, feminine, ‘foreseeing, glance into the future, expectation, hope.’ Allied, like Sicht, to sehen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zwehle

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zwehle. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zwehle, feminine, ‘towel,’ from Middle High German twęhele, twęhel, dwęhele, dwêle, feminine (also quęhele, Thuringian Quähle), ‘drying cloth, towel,’ Old High German dwahila, dwęhila, dwahilla. ​feminine, ‘towel, napkin, small napkin.’ The implied Gothic *þwahljô (old Anglo-Saxon thwehlœ) is a derivative of þwahl, ‘bath, washing,’ and hence signified ‘that which belongs to bathing.’ The cognates are connected with Modern High German (dialectic) zwagen, ‘to wash,’ from the equivalent Middle High German twaken, dwahen, Old High German dwahan; an old common Teutonic word for ‘to wash.’ Compare Gothic þwahan, Old Saxon thwahan, Anglo-Saxon þweán, Old Icelandic þvá, Danish toe, tvœtte, Swedish tvo, tvätta, ‘to wash.’ With these are connected Gothic þwahl, ‘bath,’ Anglo-Saxon þweál, ‘washing,’ Old High German dwahal, ‘bath,’ Old Icelandic þvál, ‘soap,’ Middle High German twuhel, ‘bathing tub.’ In the allied Aryan languages only Prussian twaxtan, ‘bathing apron,’ is cognate; Greek τέγγω, Latin tingo, ‘to moisten,’ are not connected with it. From Old Teutonic is derived the Romance class, Italian tovaglia, French touaille, equivalent to English towel.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zulp

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zulp. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zulp, masculine, ‘sucking mark (on the skin), spot made by sucking,’ Modern High German only; allied to zullen, ‘to suck’; origin obscure. Probably related to Dutch tul, ‘bottle, tippler,’ tullen, ‘to tipple.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zweifalter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zweifalter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zweifalter, masculine, ‘butterfly,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zwîvalter, masculine, corrupted from Middle High German vîvalter, Old High German fîfaltra, ‘butterfly.’ See Falter and Schmetterling.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/dicht

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/dicht | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ dicht, adj., ‘close, dense,’ dial. deicht (Liv. and Esth.), from MidHG. dîhte, ‘dense.’ The absence of the diphthong is probably due to LG., since the word does not occur in UpGer. (Suab. and Bav.). Corresponds to OIc. þéttr, ‘dense’ (related to Goth. *þeihts, as léttr, ‘light,’ to Goth. leihts); allied to the Teut. root þinh (see gedeihen), just as Goth. leihts to the root ling (see gelingen). E. tight, from MidE. tîht, has an abnormal t for th initially, probably due to the influence of Swed. and Dan. tœt; in MidE. the normal thîht is also found. For another derivation see dick.