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# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume III/Apologetic/A Treatise on the Soul/Chapter LIV

Chapter LIV.—Whither Does the Soul Retire When It Quits the Body? Opinions of Philosophers All More or Less Absurd. The Hades of Plato.
To the question, therefore, whither the soul is withdrawn, we now give an answer. Almost all the philosophers, who hold the soul’s immortality, notwithstanding their special views on the subject, still claim for it this (eternal condition), as Pythagoras, and Empedocles, and Plato, and as they who indulge it with some delay from the time of its quitting the flesh to the conflagration of all things, and as the Stoics, who place only their own souls, that is, the souls of the wise, in the mansions above. Plato, it is true, does not allow this destination to all the souls, indiscriminately, of even all the philosophers, but only of those who have cultivated their philosophy out of love to boys. So great is the privilege which impurity obtains at the hands of philosophers! In his system, then, the souls of the wise are carried up on high into the ether: according to Arius, into the air; according to the Stoics, into the moon. I wonder, indeed, that they abandon to the earth the souls of the unwise, when they affirm that even these are instructed by the wise, so much their superiors.  For where is the school where they can have been instructed in the vast space which divides them? By what means can the pupil-souls have resorted to their teachers, when they are parted from each other by so distant an interval? What profit, too, can any instruction afford them at all in their posthumous state, when they are on the brink of perdition by the universal fire? All other souls they thrust down to Hades, which Plato, in his Phædo, describes as the bosom of the earth, where all the filth of the world accumulates, settles, and exhales, and where every separate draught of air only renders denser still the impurities of the seething mass.

## Footnotes

* ↑ An Alexandrian philosopher in great repute with the Emperor Augustus.
* ↑ Phædo, pp. 112–114.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume III/Apologetic/A Treatise on the Soul/Chapter VII

Chapter VII.—The Soul’s Corporeality Demonstrated Out of the Gospels.
So far as the philosophers are concerned, we have said enough. As for our own teachers, indeed, our reference to them is ex abundanti—a surplusage of authority: in the Gospel itself they will be found to have the clearest evidence for the corporeal nature of the soul. In hell the soul of a certain man is in torment, punished in flames, suffering excruciating thirst, and imploring from the finger of a happier soul, for his tongue, the solace of a drop of water. Do you suppose that this end of the blessed poor man and the miserable rich man is only imaginary? Then why the name of Lazarus in this narrative, if the circumstance is not in (the category of) a real occurrence? But even if it is to be regarded as imaginary, it will still be a testimony to truth and reality. For unless the soul possessed corporeality, the image of a soul could not possibly contain a finger of a bodily substance; nor would the Scripture feign a statement about the limbs of a body, if these had no existence. But what is that which is removed to Hades after the separation of the body; which is there detained; which is reserved until the day of judgment; to which Christ also, on dying, descended? I imagine it is the souls of the patriarchs. But wherefore (all this), if the soul is nothing in its subterranean abode? For nothing it certainly is, if it is not a bodily substance. For whatever is incorporeal is incapable of being kept and guarded in any way; it is also exempt from either punishment or refreshment. That must be a body, by which punishment and refreshment can be experienced. Of this I shall treat more fully in a more fitting place. Therefore, whatever amount of punishment or refreshment the soul tastes in Hades, in its prison or lodging, in the fire or in Abraham’s bosom, it gives proof thereby of its own corporeality. For an incorporeal thing suffers nothing, not having that which makes it capable of suffering; else, if it has such capacity, it must be a bodily substance. For in as far as every corporeal thing is capable of suffering, in so far is that which is capable of suffering also corporeal.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Luke xvi. 23, 24.
* ↑ Ad inferna. [See p. 59, supra.]
* ↑ Diversorio.
* ↑ Compare De Resur. Carnis, xvii. There is, however, some variation in Tertullian’s language on this subject. In his Apol. xlviii. he speaks as if the soul could not suffer when separated from the body. See also his De Testimonio Animæ, ch. iv., p. 177, supra; and see Bp. Kaye, p. 183.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Constitutions of the Holy Apostles/Book VI

constitutions of the holy apostles
Book VI.

## Contents

* Sec. I
* Sec. II
* Sec. III
* Sec. IV
* Sec. V
* Sec. VI
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Constitutions of the Holy Apostles/Book V

constitutions of the holy apostles
Book V.

## Contents

* Sec. I
* Sec. II
* Sec. III
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Acts of Philip
## Contents

* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
# Assignation

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Assignation."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* The Assignation, or, Love in a Nunnery (1673), a play by John Dryden
* An Assignation, a poem by Arthur Clark Kennedy
* The Assignation, a short story by Edgar Allan Poe
# Assistant Secretary Abbot to Secretary Walcott on Goddard's Proposal (December 16 1916)

Dec 16 1916.
Dear Sir,
I have carefully read the paper of Mr. Goddard, checking the theoretical equations, and parts of the numerical calculations. I have examined also the patent specifications but not with such attention as to be able to say whether they represent the simplest mechanisms for carrying out their purposes.
I believe the theory is sound, and the experimental work both sound and ingenious. It seems to me that the character of Mr. Goddard's work is so high that he can well be trusted to carry it on to practical operation in any way that seems best to him. I regard the scheme as worth promoting.
Respectfully submitted
C.G. Abbot
The Secretary
Smithsonian Institution
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1973, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 50 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Assessment Technologies of WI, LLC v. WIREdata, Inc.

* related portals: United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
* 350 F.3d 640
* Assessment Technologies of WI, LLC
* v.
* WIREdata, Inc.
* No. 03-2061
* United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit.
* Argued November 3, 2003
* Decided November 25, 2003
# Assistant Secretary Abbot to Secretary Walcott on Goddard's Proposal (October 21 1916)

​Attention of Secretary Walcott.
The correspondent, R. H. Goddard of the Dept. of Physics Clark College Worcester Mass. has developed theoretically and in fact experimentally, a method applicable to raise meteorological apparatus to immense heights, far beyond those reached by present methods. Thus the highest free balloon flight so far is about 25 miles. Goddard claims the possibility of reaching several hundred miles altitude!
He proposes to do this ​by firing successive charges of smokeless powder in a special steel apparatus, who recoil carries it up and up till the charges are all fired. The apparatus is to be protected in descent by a small parachute.
I consider the method probably sound. Indeed I discussed it with Mr. Hale on Mount Wilson about 5 years ago.
Goddard's devices are protected by several patents.
He says the naval board ​through Webster are trying to get it. But he disires that its use shall also be open to meteorology as well as war.
This will introduce you to his requests made on page 7 of his letter.
I believe there are several meteorological problems of great interest which might be solved by aid of the device, as:
* What is the composition of the highest atmosphere.
* How does temperature fall are great altitudes? ​I presume such meteorological applications would involve a very considerable expensive (several thousand dollars) beyond the cost of Goddard's device, and the cost of that itself may will be one or several thousand dollars.
Yours truly
C. G. Abbot
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1973, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 50 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Assets Realization Corporation v. Hull American-Hawaiian Steamship Company

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* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
311 U.S. 470
Assets Realization Corporation v. Hull American-Hawaiian Steamship Company
Argued: Dec. 9 and 10, 1940. --- Decided: Jan 6, 1941
Messrs. Joseph M. Proskauer and John Bassett Moore, both of New York City, for petitioner Z. & F. Assets Realization Corporation.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 471-474 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Fred K. Nielsen, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner American-Hawaiian S.S.C.o.
[Argument of Counsel from Pages 475-477 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Francis B. Biddle, Sol. Gen., for respondents, Hull, Secretary of State, and Morgenthau, Secretary of the Treasury.
Mr. William D. Mitchell, of New York City, for respondent, Lehigh Valley R. Co.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 478-479 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Chief Justice HUGHES, delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals
## Contents

* Title Page
* Introductory Notice
* The Epistles of Zephyrinus
* The Epistles of Pope Callistus
* The Epistle of Pope Urban First
* The Epistles of Pope Pontianus
* The Epistle of Pope Anterus
* The Epistles of Pope Fabian
* Decrees of Fabian
* Elucidations
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/Elucidations
## Contents

* The Bishops of Rome
* Donation of Constantine
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/Decrees of Fabian
## Contents

* Taken from the Decretal of Gratian
* Other Decrees
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/Decrees of Fabian/Other Decrees

The Decrees of the Same, from the Codex of Decrees in Sixteen Books, from the Fifth Book, and the Seventh and Ninth Chapters.
I.
That the oblation of the altar should be made each Lord’s day.
We decree that on each Lord’s day the oblation of the altar should be made by men and women in bread and wine, in order that by means of these sacrifices they may be released from the burden of their sins.
II.
That an illiterate presbyter may not venture to celebrate mass.
The sacrifice is not to be accepted from the hand of a priest who is not competent to discharge the prayers or actions (actiones) and other observances in the mass according to religious usage.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/Elucidations/Donation of Constantine

II.
(Donation of Constantine, p. 607.)
On this stupendous fraud I quote from Dupin, as follows:—
“Among the number of Constantine’s edicts I do not place the Donation which goes under his name. Some have attributed this false monument to the author of the collection (Decretals) ascribed to Isidore, he being a notorious forger of such kind of writings; and this conjecture is more probable than some others.
“By this Donation, Constantine is supposed to give to the Bishops of Rome the sovereignty of the city, and of the provinces of the Western Empire. I note some of the reasons which clearly prove this instrument to be a forgery:—
“(1) Not one of the ancients mentions this pretended liberality of the emperor. How could Eusebius, and all the other historians who wrote about Constantine, have passed over in silence, had it been a reality, the gift of a Western Empire to the Bishop of Rome?
“(2) Not one of the Bishops of Rome ever refers to such a donation, though it would have been much to their advantage so to do.
“(3) It is dated falsely, and under consuls who flourished when Constantine was unbaptized; yet his baptism is referred to in this instrument. Again, the city of Constantinople is mentioned in it, although it was called Byzantium for ten years subsequent to its date.
“(4) Not only is the style very different from the genuine edicts of the emperor, but it is full of terms and phrases that came into use much after the time of Constantine.
“(5) How comes it that he should have given one-half of his empire to the Bishop of Rome, including the city of Rome itself, without any one ever hearing of it for hundreds of years after?
“(6) The falsities and absurdities of this edict demonstrate that it was composed by an ignorant impostor.  Thus by it, for example, the Pope is permitted to wear a crown of gold, and a fabulous history is given of the emperor’s baptism by Sylvester: also, it contains a history of the emperor’s miraculous cure of leprosy by Sylvester, all which do plainly prove the forgery. It is certain that the city of Rome was governed by the emperor, and that the Bishops of Rome were subject to him, and obeyed him, as all his other subjects.
“All that we have said plainly shows that the edict of Donation that bears the name of Constantine is wholly supposititious; but it is not so easy to find out who was the author. However it be, this document has neither any use nor authority.”

## Footnotes

* ↑ Dupin, ut supra, p. 17. See also Bryce’s Holy Roman Empire, pp. 43 and 100. He pronounces “the Donation of Constantine” to be “the most stupendous of all the mediæval forgeries. The Decretals certainly surpass it in their nature and their effects; but Mr. Bryce’s reference to these is very feeble and unsatisfactory, after Dupin. See p. 156 of his work, ed. Macmillan, 1880.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Remains of the Second and Third Centuries/Theophilus, Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine

Theophilus, Bishop of Cæsarea in Palestine.
[a.d. 180.] When Eusebius says that the churches of “all Asia” concurred in the Ephesine use concerning the Paschal, he evidently means Asia Minor, as in the Scriptures and elsewhere.  Throughout “the rest of the world,” he testifies, however, that such was not the use. The Palestinian bishops, after the Jewish downfall, seem to have been the first to comprehend the propriety of adopting the more Catholic usage; and our author presided over a council in Cæsarea, of which he was bishop, assisted by Narcissus, bishop of Jerusalem, with Cassius of Tyre and Clarus of Ptolemais, which confirmed it. It is to be noted, that Alexandria is cited by Theophilus as authority for this custom; and it is not quite correct to say that the Western usage prevailed at Nicæa, for it was the general use, save only in Asia Minor and churches which were colonies of the same. This fact has been overlooked, and is very important, in history.
From His Epistle on the Question of the Passover, Written in the Name of the Synod of Cæsarea.
Endeavour also to send abroad copies of our epistle among all the churches, so that those who easily deceive their own souls may not be able to lay the blame on us. We would have you know, too, that in Alexandria also they observe the festival on the same day as ourselves. For the Paschal letters are sent from us to them, and from them to us: so that we observe the holy day in unison and together.

## Footnotes

* ↑ See (Polycrates) p. 773, supra, and Eusebius, H. E., book v. cap. xxiii., etc., pp. 222–226.
* ↑ In Eusebius, Hist. Eccl., v. 25.
* ↑ [Note, the authority of Alexandria is quoted, not that of Rome.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Remains of the Second and Third Centuries/Title Page

Remains of the Second and Third Centuries.
[Translated by the Rev. B. P. Pratten.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Remains of the Second and Third Centuries/Serapion, Bishop of Antioch

Serapion, Bishop of Antioch.
[a.d. circa 190–200–211.] He was the eighth bishop of Antioch, a diligent writer and exemplary pastor. Little as we have of his remains, Lardner shows how very useful is that little. (1) He testifies to the Apostles as delivering the words of Christ Himself; (2) to the jealousy of the early Christians in sifting inspired writings from those of no authority as Scriptures; (3) to their methods, as in the case of the pseudo-gospel of Peter; and (4) to the utterly apocryphal character of that book, which Grabe and others suppose to be the work of Leucius, a noted forger and falsifier. It had never been heard of in the great See of Antioch, and this famous bishop could only get sight of it by fishing it out of the dirty pool of the Docetæ.
I.
From the Epistle to Caricus and Ponticus.
That ye may see also that the proceedings of this lying confederacy, to which is given the name of New Prophecy, is abominated among the whole brotherhood throughout the world, I have sent you letters of the most blessed Claudius Apollinarius, who was made bishop of Hierapolis in Asia.
II.
From the Book Concerning the Gospel of Peter.
For we, brethren, receive both Peter and the rest of the apostles as Christ Himself. But those writings which are falsely inscribed with their name, we as experienced persons reject, knowing that no such writings have been handed down to us. When, indeed, I came to see you, I supposed that all were in accord with the orthodox faith; and, although I had not read through the Gospel inscribed with the name of Peter which was brought forward by them, I said: If this is the only thing which threatens to produce ill-feeling among you, let it be read. But, now that I have learnt from what has been told me that their mind was secretly cherishing some heresy, I will make all haste to come to you again. Expect me therefore, brethren, shortly. Moreover, brethren, we, having discovered to what kind of heresy Marcion adhered, and seen how he contradicted himself, not understanding of what he was speaking, as you will gather from what has been written to you—for, having borrowed this said Gospel from those who were familiar with it from constant perusal, namely from the successors of those who were his leaders in the heresy, whom we call Docetæ (for most of the opinions held by him are derived from their teaching), we were able to read it through; and while we found most of its contents to agree with the orthodox account of the Saviour, we found some things inconsistent with that, and these we have set down below for your inspection.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Westcott, Canon, p. 444. Lardner, Credib., ii. 264, 417.
* ↑ In Eusebius, Hist. Eccl., v. 19.
* ↑ Ψευδοῦς τάξεως.
* ↑ In Eusebius, Hist. Eccl., v. 12.
* ↑ The reading of Migne, ὀνόματι, is adopted instead of ὁνόματα.
* ↑ Τὰ τοιαῦτα οὐ παρελάβομεν.
* ↑ Δοκοῦν.
* ↑ Αἱρέσει τινὶ ὁ νοῦς αὐτῶν ἐνεφώλευεν.
* ↑ The construction is not again resumed.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Title Page

THE
ANTE-NICENE FATHERS
translations of
The Writings of the Fathers down to a.d. 325
The Rev. Alexander Roberts, D.D.,
and
James Donaldson, LL.D.,
EDITORS
AMERICAN REPRINT OF THE EDINBURGH EDITION
revised and chronologically arranged, with brief prefaces and occasional notes
by
A. Cleveland Coxe, D.D.
T&T CLARK
Edinburgh
Wm. B. Eerdmans publishing company
Grand Rapids, Michigan
VOLUME VII
FATHERS OF THE THIRD AND FOURTH CENTURIES:
LACTANTIUS, VENANTIUS, ASTERIUS, VICTORINUS, DIONYSIUS, APOSTOLIC TEACHING AND CONSTITUTIONS, HOMILY, AND LITURGIES.
AMERICAN EDITION
Τὰ ἀρχαι̑α ἔθη κρατείτω
The Nicene Council
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Victorinus

VICTORINUS
[translated by the rev. robert ernest wallis, ph.d.]

## Contents

* On the Creation of the World
* Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles/The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles/Chapter XV

Chapter XV.—Bishops and Deacons; Christian Reproof.
1. Appoint, therefore, for yourselves, bishops and deacons worthy of the Lord, men meek, and not lovers of money, and truthful and proved; for they also render to you the service of prophets and teachers. 2. Despise them not therefore, for they are your honoured ones, together with the prophets and teachers. 3. And reprove one another, not in anger, but in peace, as ye have it in the Gospel; but to every one that acts amiss against another, let no one speak, nor let him hear aught from you until he repent. 4. But your prayers and alms and all your deeds so do, as ye have it in the Gospel of our Lord.

## Footnotes

* ↑ The larger part of verse 1, and a clause from verses 2, 3, respectively, are found in Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 31. Verses 1, 2, both in the use of terms and in the Church polity indicated, point to an early date: (1) There are evident marks of a transition from extraordinary to ordinary ministers. (2) The distinction between bishops and elders does not appear [1 Pet. v. 1. Vol. i. p. 16, this series], and yet it is found in Ignatius. (3) The word χειροτονέω is here used in the sense of “elect” or “appoint” (by show of hands), and not in that of “ordain” (by laying on of hands). The former is the New Testament sense (Acts xiv. 23; 2 Cor. viii. 19), also in Ignatius; the latter sense is found in Apostolic Canons, i. (4) The choice by the people also indicates an early period.
* ↑ Comp. 1 Tim. iii. 4.
* ↑ Or, “ministry.” This clause and the following verse indicate that the extraordinary ministers were as yet more highly regarded.
* ↑ Comp. Matt. xviii. 15–17.
* ↑ The word ἀστοχέω, occurring here, means “to miss the mark;” in New Testament, “to err” or, “swerve.” See 1 Tim. i. 6, vi. 21; 2 Tim. ii. 18.
* ↑ The reference here is probably to the Sermon on the Mount: Matt. v.-vii., especially to chap. vi.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Victorinus/Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John/From the eighth chapter

from the eighth chapter.
1. “And when He had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven for about half an hour.”] Whereby is signified the beginning of everlasting rest; but it is described as partial, because the silence being interrupted, he repeats it in order. For if the silence had continued, here would be an end of his narrative.
13. “And I saw an angel flying through the midst of heaven.”] By the angel flying through the midst of heaven is signified the Holy Spirit bearing witness in two of the prophets that a great wrath of plagues was imminent. If by any means, even in the last times, any one should be willing to be converted, any one might even still be saved.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Victorinus/Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John

COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE OF THE BLESSED JOHN

## Contents

* From the first chapter
* From the second chapter
* From the third chapter
* From the fourth chapter
* From the fifth chapter
* From the sixth chapter
* From the seventh chapter
* From the eighth chapter
* From the ninth chapter
* From the tenth chapter
* From the eleventh chapter
* From the twelfth chapter
* From the thirteenth chapter
* From the fourteenth chapter
* From the fifteenth chapter
* From the seventeenth chapter
* From the nineteenth chapter
* From the twentieth chapter
* From the twenty-first and twenty-second chapters
* General Notes by the American Editor