OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Irma Theoda Jones

​JONES, Mrs. Irma Theoda, philanthropist, born in Victory, N. Y., 11th March, 1845. Her maiden name was Andrews. Her ancestors were among the pioneers of western New York, with a strong mixture of German blood on the father's side. In 1849 her father, a physician, removed his IRMA THEODA JONES. family to Rockford. Ill. Miss Anna P. Sill had just then opened her female seminary, to which a primary department was attached, wherein the child of five years began her studies. The study of languages was her specialty. After teaching a year, in July, 1863, Mrs. Jones removed to Lansing, Mich., where her uncle, John A. Kerr, held the position of State printer. In May, 1865, she became the wife of Nelson B. Jones, a prominent and public-spirited citizen of Lansing, where they have since resided. Four sons and one daughter enliven the home. One daughter died in infancy. Though at intervals from her girlhood Mrs. Jones has been a contributor to various newspapers, her most influential work has been in connection with the Lansing Woman's Club, of which she was one of the originators and president from 1885 to 1887, and also with the Woman's Christian Temperance Union in the days following the crusade movement, with the rise of the Young Woman's Christian Association and with the Lansing Industrial Aid Society, of which she has been president for the past thirteen years. The last-named society has for its object the permanent uplifting of the poor, and maintains a weekly school for teaching sewing, cooking and practical lessons in domestic economy to the children of the needy. The mother of Mrs. Jones, Mrs. N. Andrews, a woman of remarkable executive ability, is matron of the industrial school. Mrs. Jones has given time and effort freely to that work for the unfortunate. In her Christian faith she is zealous, and the earnestness of her religious life characterizes her work in every field. In 1892 she became editor of the literary club department of the "Mid Continent," a monthly magazine published in Lansing.
# Woman of the Century/Irene Clark Durrell

​DURRELL, Mrs. Irene Clark, educator, born in Plymouth, N. H., 17th May, 1852. Her father, Hiram Clark, is a man of steadfast evangelical faith. Her mother was an exemplary Christian. Until twelve years of age, her advantages were limited to ungraded country schools. She was a pupil for a time in the village grammar-school and in the Plymouth Academy. Taking private lessons of her pastor in Latin and sciences, and studying by herself, she prepared to enter the State Normal School in Plymouth, where she completed the first course in 1872 and the second in 1873, teaching during summer vacations. In 1873 and 1874 she taught the grammar-school in West Lebanon, N. H. In the fall of 1874 she became the teacher of the normal department in the New Hampshire Conference Seminary, and a student in the junior year in the classical course. She was graduated in 1876. She then taught in the State Normal School in Castleton, Vt. On 23rd July, 1878 she became the wife of Rev. J. M. Durrell, D. D. As a Methodist ministers wife, in New Hampshire Conference, for thirteen years Mrs. Durrell IRENE CLARK DURRELL. has had marked success in leading young ladies into an active Christian life and interesting them in behalf of others. As an officer in the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society she has been an efficient organizer. For four years she was district secretary and was a delegate from the New England branch to the Evanston general executive committee meeting. With her husband, in 1882, she took an extended tour abroad. In the spring of 1891 her husband became president of the New Hampshire Conference Seminary and Female College, Tilton, N. H., and Mrs. Durrell became the preceptress of that institution.
# Woman of the Century/Idora M. Plowman

​PLOWMAN, Mrs. Idora M., author, born near Talladega, Ala., in 1843. She is known by her pen-name "Betsy Hamilton." She is a daughter of the late Gen. William B. McClellan and of Mrs. Martha Roby McClellan. Her father traced the lineage of his family to William Wallace, IDORA M. PLOWMAN. of Scotland. He was a graduate of West Point, and before the Civil War held the office of Brigadier-General, commanding the militia troops of the counties of Talladega, Clay and Randolph, ​Ala. While quite young, Idora Elizabeth McClellan, became the wife of a brilliant young lawyer, Albert W. Plowman, of Talladega. Mr. Plowman died suddenly a few years after marriage. Recently Mrs. Plowman became the wife, in Atlanta, Ga., of Capt. M. V. Moore, of the editorial staff of the Atlanta "Constitution." Their home is in Auburn, Ala. "Betsy Hamilton" is the author of innumerable dialect sketches depicting the humorous side of life, life as seen by hersell on the old time plantations, and in the backwoods among the class denominated as Southern "Crackers." Her first sketch, "Betsy's Trip to Town," written in 1872, was printed in a Talladega paper. The article revealed at once the fine and wonderful genius of its author. She was afterwards regularly engaged for a number of years on the great southern weekly, "Sunny South." and on the "Constitution," papers published in Atlanta, Ga. Her articles were entitled "The Backwoods," "Familiar Letters," and "Betsy Hamilton to Her Cousin Saleny." At the personal request of Mr. Conant, the editor of "Harper's Weekly," several of her sketches went to that paper, and were illustrated as they appeared in its columns. The late Henry W. Grady was her warm personal friend and aided much in bringing her talent before the world. Her articles have been copied in some of the European papers. While the "Betsy Hamilton Sketches" have given their author a wide fame and deserved popularity, doubtless her highest and most popular achievements have been reached in her public recitations and impersonations upon the stage of the characters she has so vividly portrayed. Her acting is to the very life; it has been pronounced of the very highest and most superb order, one writer calling her the "Joe Jefferson" among women.
# Woman of the Century/Isabel Bateman

​BATEMAN, Isabel, actor, born near Cincinnati, Ohio. 28th December, 1854. Her family removed to England in 1863, and she first played a juvenile part in 1865 in her sister Kate's farewell benefit at Her Majesty's Theater. She began active theatrical work in 1869. She took leading parts with Henry Irving for six years. She has been very successful in many leading roles.
# Woman of the Century/Isabel Elizabeth Smith

​SMITH, Miss Isabel Elizabeth, artist, born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1845. She is of Scotch descent. Her father, Alexander Smith, was born in Perthshire, Scotland. He came to this country in 1820 and located in Belmont county, Ohio. His wife was Miss Rachel McClain. They had a family of three children, a son and two daughters. The father was a man of great nobility of character, a lover of art and a philanthropist. The mother is a woman of excellent mind and given to the doing of kindly deeds. Miss Smith early developed a taste for art. She was educated in the Western Female College, Oxford, ​Ohio, and studied art during vacations in Cincinnati. After her education she went abroad and studied in Paris and Dresden. After an absence of nearly three years she returned to this country and opened a studio in Washington, D. C., in 1871. ISABEL ELIZABETH SMITH. She achieved marked success in portrait painting, having many prominent persons as sitters, among them Secretary Stanton, a full length portrait of whom was ordered from her by the representatives of the city government. She also painted the portrait of Mrs. Cramer, a sister of Gen. U. S. Grant. While in that city, she became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. During her years of labor in Washington her eyes failed her, but after a season of rest she again went to Paris to learn the Sevres method of painting on porcelain. She also studied in the Dresden Gallery, receiving criticisms from the celebrated Director Schnoor von Carroldsfeld. On her return she opened a studio in New York City, where she had the best possible recognition from the literary and art circles. While there she was elected a member of Sorosis, in which society she held the position of chairman of the art committee. She usually has several students, whom she teaches gratuitously. When fifteen years of age, she had a severe illness, during which she vowed to build a church for the poor in her native place, which through her aid and influence has been done, and to which she gives her interest and help. Her father owned a large tract of land in Florida, near the mouth of the St. John's river, where he had an orange grove and a winter home. There she spent several winters. Her father died several years ago. She has painted in Cincinnati, and her portraits there are highly praised. She has been the instructor in art in Chautauqua, N. Y., for four years, having her studio in the Kellogg Memorial Building. Sue gave up her studio in New York to devote her time and care to her invalid mother.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/T'u Wei-tseng

Mr. T. W. Tu.
屠越會字第爭
(T'u Wei-Tseng)
T. W. Tu was born at Soochow, Kiangsu, in 1884. He studied at the Anglo-Chinese School in his native place between 1897-8, at Nanyang College, Shanghai, 1898-1905. In January of 1905 he went to America for higher education as a government supported student. He studied civil engineering at the University of California, 1905-7; railway engineering at the University of Illinois, 1907-9. He received the degree of B. S. in 1909, and soon after his graduation, joined the Chicago and Alton Railway as a transitman. In 1910 he was bridge detailer of the Chicago-North-Western Railway. In 1911 he was construction foreman of the Kansas City Terminal Railway. He returned to China in the winter, and became resident ​engineer of the Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway in charge of surveying construction of a section fifty miles long. Before the completion of the work the revolution at Wuchang broke out, and the work had to be suspended. From February to July, 1912 Mr. Tu was instructor in railway engineering of the Polytechnic Institute, Shanghai. He taught railway construction, bridge designing, graphic statistics, and mechanics. From August 5, 1912 to January 1915, he was district engineer of the Kiukiang-Nanchang Railway in charge of surveying and construction of a section thirty miles long, designed and constructed: (1) a 60' span 200' bridge with reinforced concrete cylinder foundation, and (2) a 10-span 100' bridge with woodern crib caisson sunk through sand. From January 6, 1915 to January 1918 he was senior assistant engineer of the Canton-Hankow Railway in charge of surveying and construction of a section fifteen miles long, and at the same time was in charge of all bridge erection work on the district forty-five miles long. From April 1918 to April 1919, he was resident member of the Commission on the Unification on Railway Technics in the Ministry of Communications. He was in charge of drafting of regulations on the duties governing maintenance of way employes, and designing of road and bridge standards for Chinese Government Railways. From April to August 1919, Mr. Tu was technical secretary to the Chinese representative on the Inter-Allied Technical Board for the supervision of the Chinese Eastern and Siberia Railways. At one time he acted as Chinese representative on the technical board for three months during the absence of Dr. C. C. Wang. Between September 1919 and May 1920 he was Chinese representative on the Inter-Allied Purchasing Committee at Vladivostok. In June 1920 he resumed the position of Technical Secretary to the Chinese Representative and is still holding the position. He is concurrently acting as assistant chief of Maintenance of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Mr. Tu was one of the experts attached to the Chinese Delegation attending the Washington Conference in the winter of 1921-22. He was given the Third Class Chiaho Decoration in June 1922.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Ting Shih-yuan

General S. Y. W. Ting
丁士海字問楼
(Ting Shih-yuan)
General S. Y. W. Ting was born at Wu-hsing Hsien, Chekiang province, in 1897. In his youth he attended the St. John's College at Shanghai. For a time he was engaged in the insurance business. Later through the assistance of a Manchu Prince he entered the government service. Before long he was made an important officer in the Chienmen Octroi, Peking. While serving as tax officer, he devoted his leisure time to the publication of a daily newspaper together with the son of an influential official. One day Na Tung. former Grand Councillor in the Manchu regime, dis​covered that paper had been attacking him, and in the course of a cabinet conference, proposed to have these two youngsters shot. General Ting's royal patrori hearing of this intention secretly passed a word to him, and finally helped him to get away from Peking. After leaving the Chienmen Octroi, General Ting went to England to study for a year or so. During his sojurn abroad he was delegated to attend a Hague Conference where he represented himself as Advocate-General. The Conference wired to Feking for confirmation of his representation and Peking sent the confirmation desired. Subsequently he returned to China and gradually worked his way up. He was Chief of the Law Department of the Board of War; Advisor to the Board of the Interior; and Director of the Metropolitan Police College. In January 1924 General Ting was appointed Superintendent of the Customs of Hankow and concurrently Commissioner for Foreign Affairs of Hupei Province. These positions he held until July 1916. In June 1917 he was given the Second Class Wenfu. Later he was appointed managing-director of the Peking-Suiyuan Railway. In December 1918 he was appointed the managing director of the Peking-Hankow Railway. In February 1919 he received another concurrent position as Chief of the Aviation Department. In April 1919 he was commissioned to be associate director-general of the Lung-Yen Iron Mining Company. In October 1919 he was made a Lieutenant-General. Toward the end of 1919 General Ting amalgamated the Peking-Hankow and the Peking-Suiyuan Railways and became their managing director. In January 1920 he was given the Fifth Order of Merit. Upon the collapse of the Anfu forces, he fled and became a guest of the Imperial Japanese Legation, Peking, from which he escaped on November 1922. During 1923-24 he he was editing a daily paper in Tientsin which has been known to be an organ of the Japanese interests.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Teng Hsi-hou

General Teng Hsi-hou
鄧錫侯字晋康
General Teng was born in 1889 in the city of Yungshanhsien in Szechwan. His education has been entirely along military lines. After attending a Miltary Primary School in Szechwan he went to Nanking to the Military Middle School there. After graduating from the Paoting Military Academy he returned to Szechwan. In 1912, after the Revolution, like most of the other military leaders of the day the Republic gave him his opportunity. He has risen successively through the ranks, being recognized now as one of the important leaders in his native province. Since he was made a Brigadier General in 1918 he has held several different commands including those of Bandit Suppression and General. As the latter he was to have had command of the Fourth Szechwan Army; this did not materialize. He is best known as the leader of the old Third Division, which he has led since 1921, now known as the 30th National ​Division. General Teng is also in close touch with the old 7th Division, now the 31st National Division, led by General Cheng Kweh Tung. As such he was recognized as a Subordinate Generalissimo which was equivalent to a General Commanding an Army. General Teng has been given all the customary honors given by Peking. He was made a Chiangin in 1923 with the title of "Pao Wei.” For his part in the fighting, of 1923, when both he and General Cheng helped the Allied Armies, he has been given a higher rank as Marshal so that his emoluments are considered very pretentious. At present General Teng is the Civil Governor of Szechwan by appointment from Peking.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Ts'ai Ch'eng

Mr. T. Chinpin Tsai
蔡正字競平
(Ts'ai Cheng)
Mr. T. Chinpin Tsai was born in Nan-An, Kiangsi Province, in 1892. He studied at the Yu-Chang Methodist Preparatory School, Nanchang, where he was awarded a scholarship as the best pupil for the year 1906-1907. From 1907-1910 he attended Nanking University and the following year was graduated from the Fuh Tan Middle School, Mr. Tsai then spent ​a year touring Japan, returning in 1912 to study at Tsing Hua College, from which he was graduated in 1915, after taking a leading part in student activities such as oratorical contests, debates, and editing the Tsing Hua weekly paper, the Tsinghuapper. During 1915-1916 Mr. Tsai taught English and mathematics at Tsing Hua. Mr. Tsai went to America in 1916 ou a Tsing Hua scholarship, studying at Pomona College, Claremont, California, where he was member of the Areopagus literary and debating society and winner of the second prize in the Freshman oratorical contest. In 1917 he entered Princeton University, where he was a member of the Clio literary and debating society. During 1917-1918, he studied eccnomice at College, from which he received an A. B. degree. The following year he studied economics and business in Columbia University, receiving an M. A. degree. Before returning to China in 1920, Mr. Tsai was editor-in-chief of the Chinese Students' Quarterly of the Chinese Students' Alliance, and treasurer and president of the Tsing Hua Alumni Association in America. He worked in the export department of the Wah Chang Trading Corporation, New York City, during his last year in America. Returning to China, Mr. Tsai became dean of the Business School and professor of business science, Fuh Tan University, Shanghai, where he remained for two years. He was lecturer on business principles at the Shanghai Commercial College of National Southeastern University in 1921-1922, and also lecturer on banking and exchange in the Commercial Department of the Chi Nan Institute, Shanghai, and instructor of business English at the Kiangsu First Provincial Commercial School, Shanghai. In 1922, he went to Tsing Hua College, Peking, as teacher of economics and business, and has been Alumni Secretary since 1923.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsun

General Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsun
夢成勋字虎臣
General Ts'ai Ch'eng-hsun was born at Tientsin, Chihli province, in 1873. He was graduated from the Peiyang Military Academy in 1899. Subsequently he was appointed a deputy to the Metropolitan Banner Troops. Concurrently he acted as teacher of the military school attached to the troops. After a few years he was promoted to be a deputy director of the Metropolitan Garrison forces. Later he became a proctor in the headquarters of the Metropolitan Troops and staff-officer of the First Imperial Division. Still later he was appointed assistant commander of the troops stationed in the vicinity of Peking and afterwards staff officer of the Training Headquarters. In 1911, before the First Revolution, General Ts'ai was appointed commander of the 41st Brigade stationed in Chekiang province. During the First Revolution, he was commissioned to direct field operations against the Shansi revolutionary forces at Nang-Tzu-Kuan on the Cheng-Tai Railway. Upon the establishment of the Republic, Yuan Shih-kai appointed him an aid-de-camp of the President's Office and also made him a Major-General. In September 1913 he was appointed Commander of the First Brigade of the First Division. In August 1914 ​he was promoted to be the Commander-in-Chief of the First Division and made a Lieutenant General. During the subsequent two years, his troops under his personal director were engaged in the suppression of banditry at Dolonor and Suiyuan districts. In October 1916 he was awarded the Second Class Chiaho. In July 1917 General Ts'ai was appointed Commander of the 7th Unit of the forces engaged in the expeditionary campaign against the southern opponents. In August 1917 he was made Tutung of the Charhar Special Dstrict and also given the brevet of Full General. In August 1919 he was awarded the First Class Wenfu; in October 1919, the Second Class Tashou Chiaho, and in October 1920, the Third Order of Merit. In the new-year of 1921 he was appointed Tuchun and Civil Governor of Kansu province. But he did not proceed to this post and was appointed Minister of War in May 1921. This post he held until December 1921 when he was made a Chiangchun of the College of Marshals with “Chi-Wei” as special title. In May 1922 General Ts'ai was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the northern forces sent to defend Kiangsi province against the invasion by Li Lieh-chun. In June 1922 he was ordered to assume control of the military forces in that province. In September 1922 he was appointed Military Director (Tuchun) of Kiangsi. In October 1922 he was given the Second Order of Merit. In November 1923 he was made a Full General. In December 1923 he was ordered to act as Civil Governor of Kiangsi concurrently.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Ts'ai Kuang-i

Mr. Char Kwang-ki
蔡光勚字劼卿
(Ts'ai Kuang-i)
Mr. Char Kwang-ki was born at Shanghai in 1889. From 1901 to 1908 he studied at the St. John's University, Shanghai. He was the winner of the gold medal in an essay contest in 1907 and was editor of St. John's Echo in 1908. With government support Mr. Char went to ​America in 1908 and studied civil engineering at Cornell University where he graduated in 1912 with the degree of C. E. He was elected to Sigma Xi in April 1912 and was second vice-president of the Cosmopolitan Club 1911-12. Mr. Char returned to China in 1912. The first professional position he held in China was that of assistant engineer of the Pukow Commercial Port during 1912 and 1913. He was professor of Civil Engineering in St. John's University 1913-14; assistant engineer of the Szechuan-Hankow Railway, I-Chang Section, 1914-1915; assistant engineer of the Nanking-Hunan Railway, 1916; Se ry and Engineer of the Chu-Ching Railway, 1917-1920. From May 1921 to January 1922 Mr. Char was secretary to the Minister of Communciations, Peking. While in that capacity, he was sent to Washington in the winter of 1921 as a technical expert of the Chinese Delegation to the Pacific Conference. He was given the Third Class Chiaho in June 1922. Since his leaving Peking in 1922, he has been connected with the Shanghai Office of the Chung Foo Union Banking Corporation.