# The World Factbook (1982)/Togo
## TOGOTOGO

* (See reference map VII)

### LANDLAND

56,980 km$^2$; nearly one-half is arable, under 15% cultivated
Land boundaries: 1,646 km

### WATERWATER

Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 30 nm (fishing 200 nm; exclusive economic zone 200 nm)
Coastline: 56 km

### PEOPLEPEOPLE

Population: 2,783,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 3.0%
Nationality: noun—Togolese (sing. and pl.); adjective—Togolese
Ethnic divisions: 37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe in south and Cabrais in north; under 1% European and Syrian-Lebanese
Religion: about 20% Christian, 5% Muslim, 75% animist
Language: French, both official and language of commerce; major African languages are Ewe and Mina in the south and Dagomba and Kabie in the north
Literacy: 54.9% of school age (7-14) currently in school
Labor force: over 90% of population engaged in subsistence agriculture; about 30,000 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private sectors
Organized labor: 1 national union, the CNTT organized in 1972

### GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

Official name: Republic of Togo
Type: republic; under military rule since January 1967
Capital: Lomé
Political subdivisions: 21 circumscriptions
Legal system: based on French civil law and customary practice; no constitution; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: Independence Day, 27 April
Branches: military government, with civilian-dominated Cabinet, took over on 14 April 1967, replacing provisional government created after January coup; no legislature; separate judiciary including State Security Court established 1970
Government leader: Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, President, Minister of National Defense, and Armed Forces Chief of Staff
Suffrage: universal adult
Elections: presidential referendum of January 1972 elected Gen. Eyadema for indefinite period
Political party: single party formed by President Eyadema in September 1969, Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), structure and staffing of party closely controlled by government
Communists: no Communist Party; possibly some sympathizers
Member of: AFDB, CEAO (observer), EAMA, ECA, ECOWAS, ENTENTE, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, ITU, NAM, OAU, OCAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

### ECONOMYECONOMY

GNP: $1,200 million (1980), about $462 per capita; -2.0% real growth in 1980
Agriculture: main cash crops—coffee, cocoa, cotton; major food crops—yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum, fish; must import some foodstuffs
Fishing: catch 2,000 metric tons (1979)
Major industries: phosphate mining, agricultural processing, handicrafts, textiles, beverages
Electric power: 75,000 kW capacity (1980); 188 million kWh produced (1980), 71 kWh per capita
Exports: $384.3 million (c.i.f., 1980); phosphates, cocoa, coffee, and palm kernels
Imports: $536.2 million (c.i.f., 1980); consumer goods, fuels, machinery, tobacco, foodstuffs
Major trade partners: mostly with France and other EC countries
Budget: (1980), revenues, $294.41 million; current expenditures, $277.77 million, development expenditures $16.63
​Monetary conversion rate: Communaute Financiere Africaine 286 francs=US$1 (1981)
Fiscal year: calendar year

### COMMUNICATIONSCOMMUNICATIONS

Railroads: 442 km meter gauge (1.00 m), single track
Highways: 7,000 km total; 1,320 km paved, 1,280 km improved earth, remainder unimproved earth
Inland waterways: section of Mono River and about 50 km of coastal lagoons and tidal creeks
Ports: 1 major (Lomé), 1 minor
Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 11 total, 11 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways 2,440-3,659 m
Telecommunications: fair system based on skeletal network of open-wire lines supplemented by a radio-relay route and radiocommunication stations; only center is Lome; 7,500 telephones (0.4 per 100 popl.); 2 AM, no FM, and 3 TV stations; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station and 1 SYMPHONIE station

### DEFENSE FORCESDEFENSE FORCES

Military manpower: males 15-49, 600,000; 313,000 fit for military service; no conscription
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $20.8 million; 8.5% of central government budget