# Handbook of the Swatow Dialect

This work uses an idiosyncratic phonetic spelling system; a revised version using Pe̍h-ūe-jī was published as Elementary Lessons In The Swatow Dialect (1881).
Handbook
of the
Swatow dialect.
With a vocabulary.
[Published with the assistance of the Straits' Government.]
Price: One dollar.
Shanghai:
1877.
TO THE READER.
The following Lessons and Vocabulary are intended to assist those who wish to acquire quickly a temporary or superficial knowledge of the language spoken by the people of Swatow and its neighbourhood, thus including a large proportion of the vast and increasing multitudes that annually emigrate to seek an easier livelihood in the labour-market of Singapore.
An attempt has been made to express as far as possible the Chinese sounds in simple English.
In carrying out this plan only three sounds have occurred which seem to be at all beyond the capabilities of the English alphabet. These are (1) m, (2) words beginning with ng, and (3) those ending with r. In the first case, the speaker has only to pronounce the m without the aid of any vowel, and not according to its usual sound em. In the second case, supposing him to meet the combination ngo, let him think of some such word as mango, and pronounce it with the suppression of the first two letters. In the third case, take the word "her," as one which is constantly used in conversation. Now if the speaker were to pronounce it simply as the English word her, regardless of the italicised letter, the chances are he would be understood. The proper way, however, is to stop short at the r, retaining its influence on the preceding e without allowing its consonantal force to be heard. This last trivial difficulty might, moreover, have been obviated by a single stroke of the pen; for the sounds that are heard as ler, her, ger, etc., on one side of the Swatow harbour, are on the other side distinctly pronounced loo, hoo, and goo.
Nothing now remains but to direct the reader's attention to four short Rules on the next leaf, and to the hyphens, which are meant to assist him in giving each sentence its correct rhythm; also, to point out the absolute necessity of pronouncing i as i and not as e—a most common mistake among people who see for the first time such combinations as li or dzi.
In conclusion, I have to express my thanks to His Excellency Sir Wm. Drummond Jervois, Governor of the Straits' Settlements, for his kind assistance towards the publication of this handbook.
H. A. GILES.
H. M.'s Consulate, Swatow.
CONTENTS.
RULES.
* Do not sound the italicised letters.
* Wherever an apostrophe occurs, put in a strong aspirate.
* Ow is to be pronounced throughout as in how; never as in low, which sound would be expressed by lo.
* G is always hard; ch must be pronounced as in church.
    All other vowels and consonants, separate or combined, to be pronounced strictly according to the requirements of the English alphabet.
THE NUMERALS.
| 1 | dzek. |
| 2 | naw. |
| 3 | sah. |
| 4 | see. |
| 5 | ngo. |
| 6 | lak. |
| 7 | ch'it. |
| 8 | poy. |
| 9 | kow. |
| 10 | dzahp. |
| 11 | dzahp yit. |
| 12 | dzahp naw. |
| 13 | dzahp sah and so on. |
| 20 | tjee-dzahp. |
| 21 | tjee-dzahp-yit. |
| 22 | tjee-dzahp-naw and so on. |
| 30 | sah-dzahp. |
| 31 | sah-dzahp-yit and so on. |
| 40 | see-dzahp and so on. |
| 79 | ch'it-dzahp-kow. |
| 94 | kow-dzahp-see. |
| 100 | dzek peh. |
| 101 | peh lahn dzek or peh twah dzek. |
| 102 | peh lahn naw or peh twah naw. |
| 110 | peh yit. |
| 111 | peh yit dzahp yit. |
| 200 | naw peh. |
| 300 | sah peh. |
| 1,000 | dzek ts'oy. |
| 1,001 | dzek ts'oy khahng-khahng yit. |
| 10,000 | dzek bwahn. |
LESSON I.—Domestic.
* Get tea.
* Get dinner (or any meal).
* Call the coolie.
* I want a bath.
* There is no water.
* Have you had dinner yet?
* Is there any beef?
* There is no beef.
* There is mutton.
* Bring some bread.
* Bring some hot water.
* I don't want wine,
* Call the cook,
* He hasn't come back yet.
* Is there any milk?
* There is a little.
* Is it good
* Not very good.
* Put it here.
* These are fowl's eggs,
* They are not very large.
* They are nicer than large ones.
* Is this good to eat?
* It is (good to eat).
* Are there any fowls?
* What is this?
* Is there any other?
* The cook has come.
* Does he smoke opium?
* That's uncertain.
* Who is he?
* He is a Chinaman.
LESSON I.—Domestic.
* Poo tay.
* Poo pung.
* Hahm coolee li.
* Wah i soy-ek.
* Baw dzooee.
* Ler oo cheeah-pung ah-booay?
* Oo goo-nek al-baw?
* Baw-me goo-nek.
* Oo yeay-nek.
* Kheeay mee-pow-li.
* Kheeay seeay dzooee-li.
* M i dzeoo.
* Hahm hway-t'ow-li.
* Hwahn booay tung-li.
* Oo goo-nee ah-baw?
* Oo lahn-law.
* Haw m haw?
* Baw-me haw.
* Pahng-taw tjee-kaw.
* Tjee-gi se koy nung.
* Baw-me tooah.
* Pee tooah-gi keng haw.
* Tjee-gi haw-cheeah m haw-cheeah?
* Haw cheeah.
* Oo koy ah-baw?
* Tjee-gi se simmy?
* Hwahn oo paht-gi ah-baw?
* Hway-t'ow li-lo.
* E oo checah ah-p'yen ah-baw?
* Baw teoah teeay.
* E se simmy nahng?
* E se Tung-nahng.
LESSON II.—General.
* Come here!
* Who has come?
* No one has come?
* Who is that?
* I don't know.
* He's not a good man.
* Tell him to go away.
* Open the door.
* Shut the door.
* Call the boy.
* Come quickly.
* Where's the coolie?
* Has he come?
* Call him back.
* Come tomorrow.
* He needn't come back.
* He can't come.
* Get another man.
* He doesn't wish to come.
* Come with me.
* How many men are there?
* More than ten.
* Altogether there are sixty men.
* Are there any children?
* This is a boy.
* Is this a boy or a girl?
* He is in my employ.
* Who is your master?
* He is a Chinaman.
* He is not one of your countrymen.
* Where does he live?
* A long way from here.
LESSON II.—General.
* Li!
* Oo simmy-nahng li?
* Baw-nahng li.
* E se simmy-nahng?
* M dzi.
* M seo haw nahng.
* Hahm e kher.
* Khooee mung.
* Kooay mung.
* Hahm sheedzi li.
* May-may li.
* Coolee taw tee-kaw?
* Oo li ah-baw?
* Hahm e tung-li.
* Mah-khee li.
* E meen-eng tung-li.
* E boy-tit li.
* Hahm paht-gi-nahng-li.
* E m i li.
* Kahng-wah dzaw-poo li.
* Oo tjeeay-dzoy-nahing?
* Oo dzahp-gwah-nahng.
* Loong-dzoong oo lak-dzahp-nahng.
* Oo no-keeah ah-baw?
* Tjee-gi se tah-po.
* Tjee-gi se tah po ah se dzah-bo?
* E se wah-gi eng-jeen.
* Ler-gi t'ow-kay se simmy-nahng?
* E se Tung-nahng.
* M se le tzo-kay-gi-nahing.
* E taw teo-kaw kheeah-khee?
* Lee tjee-kaw hng-dzi.
LESSON III.—General.
* What o'clock is it?
* Half past ten.
* Come back at four o'clock.
* Tell him to wait.
* Come tomorrow morning.
* At what o'clock do you dine?
* Near about the time of noon.
* It's rather hot today.
* It's not very hot.
* It was very hot yesterday.
* Today is hotter than yesterday.
* Next month will be cold.
* Tomorrow is the end of the month.
* It was very cold last night.
* It's sure to be cold at night.
* There was a typhoon some days ago.
* Is there any wind now?
* It's raining now.
* Bring me an umbrella.
* It ought not to be raining at this time.
* Are there any people in the street?
* I want to go out in the afternoon.
* Tell the coolies to come and carry the chair.
* Are there any horses here?
* I fancy (lit. reckon) they are not very good.
* I don't dare go out in the daytime.
* It's too hot.
* Call someone to pull the punkah.
* You needn't pull it.
* I am in a perspiration.
* That doesn't matter.
* I'm afraid I shall catch cold.
LESSON III.—General.
* Oo kway-tiem-dzeng?
* Oo dzap-tiem-pwah-dzeng.
* See-tiem-dzeng tung li.
* Hahm e t'eng how.
* Mah-mung-khee li.
* Ler kway-tiem-dzeng cheeah pung?
* Ts'ah-poo-toa jit-tow-gi-see-how.
* Kim-jit oo lahn-law dzooah.
* Baw-me dzooah.
* Dzah-jit dzooah-dzi.
* Kim-jit pee dzah-jit keng dzooah.
* Ow-gi-gway ts'een.
* Mab-khee kow gway.
* Dzah-may ta'een-dzi.
* May-kwah, teeah-teeay ts'een.
* Soy-jit oo hwong-t'i.
* Tjee-dzoon oo hwong ah-baw?
* Tjee-dzoon law-ho.
* Kheeay ho-swah li.
* Tjee-gi-see-how m-eng-gi-law-ho.
* Koy-lo oo nahng ah-baw?
* A-kwah wah i ch'oot-kher.
* Hahm coolee li, kung keeay.
* Tjee-kaw oo bay ah-baw?
* Wah p'ah-sung baw-me haw.
* Jit-kwah wah m kah ch'oot-li.
* Khah dzooah.
* Hahm-nahng-li tooey-hwong.
* Meen-eng tooey.
* Wah low-kwah.
* Tjee-gi baw yow keen.
* Khyoong-way seeay hwong.
LESSON IV.—General.
* What is this?
* This is butter.
* Is there any fruit?
* There are two kinds.
* What kindst
* There are plantains and pineapples.
* Are there any other kinds?
* There are no other kinds.
* Bring me a light.
* Have any letters come?
* Where did this letter come from?
* This came from the Tek-kee hong.
* Is there any answer?
* There is no answer.
* Bring me a chair.
* Put it on the table.
* When did this come?
* When did you come?
* Bring me a pen and ink,
* There is a pencil up-stairs.
* Is there anyone down-stairs?
* This house has seven rooms.
* Has it a garden?
* It has a small one.
* Where is your master?
* He is out for a walk.
* When will he be back?
* He didn't say.
* Is your mistress at home?
* She went out with my master.
* When your master comes, tell him,
* I will come again tomorrow.
LESSON IV.—General.
* Tjee-gi se simmy?
* Tjee-gi se goo-lah.
* Oo kway-dzee ah-baw?
* Oo naw yeay.
* Oo simmy yeay?
* Oo keng-dzeeay, oo hwahn-li.
* Hwahn oo paht-gi-yeay ah baw?
* Baw paht-gi-yeay.
* Kheeay hooay li.
* Oo seen-li ah-baw?
* Tjee-gi-seen se tee-kaw-li-gi?
* Tjee-gi se Tek-kee-hahng-li-gi.
* Oo hooey-jee ah-baw?
* Baw hooey jee.
* Tah kow-ee li.
* Pahng-taw ta'ung-teng.
* Tjee-gi-mooey se tee-teang kheeay-li.
* Ler tee-teang-see li.
* Kheeay pit-baht li.
* Low-teng oo een-pit.
* Low-a oo nahng taw ah-baw.
* Tjee-gi-ts'oo oo ch'it koy pahng.
* Oo hway-hng ah-baw?
* Oo soy-gi.
* Ler-gi t'ow-kay taw tee-kaw?
* E taw gwap-poy t'it-taw.
* Teang-see i tung-li?
* E baw tah.
* T'ow-kay-neay oo taw ah-baw?
* Kahng t'ow-kay dzaw-poo ch'oot-kher.
* T'ow-kay li, ler kahng e tah.
* Wah tahn mah-khee li.
LESSON V.—General.
* What does he say?
* He says he has no money.
* Give him a little.
* Can you read?
* I can't read.
* Request the teacher to come.
* What is your honourable name?
* (To an inferior.) What is your name?
* Can you talk Chinese?
* I can.
* I am a Chinaman.
* He is an Englishman.
* You are not a native of the place.
* He is a man from Swatow.
* There are plenty of Chinaman at Singapore.
* Do you like this? (lit. is it good?)
* Do you like being here?
* I do (like it).
* Tell him to go back.
* Seize this man.
* Has he been doing anything wrong?
* He is a thief.
* What has he stolen?
* He has stolen nothing just now.
* Has he struck anybody?
* He has: he's a dangerous man.
* He has been doing something wrong.
* He ought to be punished.
* Take him to prison for a fortnight.
* Afterwards give him twenty blows.
* When he has been beaten, let him go.
* Warn him not to get into trouble (again).
LESSON V.—General.
* E tah simmy way!
* E tah, e baw dzee.
* Poon e lahn-law.
* Ler paht jee, m paht jee?
* Wah m paht jee.
* Ts'eeah seen sang li.
* Kooay sang?
* Ler sang mee-gi? or Ler mee-gi sang.
* Ler paht tah Tung-nahng-way?
* Paht.
* Wah se Tung-nahng.
* E se Eng-gok-gi-nahng.
* Ler m se pung-tee nahng.
* E se Swah-t'ow-li-gi-nahng.
* Sit-lak oo dzoy-dzi Tung-nahng.
* Tjee-gi-tee-hng haw m haw?
* Ler taw tjee-kaw, hwah-hee m hwah-hee?
* Hwah-hee.
* Hahm e tung kher.
* Leeah tjee-gi-nahng.
* E o dzaw m-haw-gi-ser ah-baw?
* E se ta'aht.
* Oo t'ow-kheeay simmy mooey?
* Tjee-dzoon baw t'ow-kheeay se-mooey.
* Oo p'ah-nahng ah-baw?
* Oo; e se lee-hi-gi-nahng.
* E oo dzooey.
* Eng-gi p'oy e-gi-dzooey.
* Leeah e kher keem, naw-gi loy-pi.
* Ow-li p'ah e tjee-dzap pey.
* P'ah leeow, pahng e kher.
* Keng-gi e; hahm e m i dzwahn-dzaw.
LESSON VI.—Relationships.
* Who are you?
* He is my father.
* Have you a mother?
* When did you marry?
* More than ten years ago.
* How many children have you?
* I have several.
* How old is the eldest.
* The eldest is a girl.
* Is she married?
* How many brothers have you?
* One elder brother, one younger.
* Have you any sister?
* I have one elder sister and one younger.
* Are you married?
* I am engaged, but not married yet.
* When are you going to be married?
* It is not fixed yet.
* I fancy I shall get married next year.
* What is this child crying for?
* He is hungry.
* Give him something to eat.
* Call the nurse to carry him.
* Take him out for a walk.
* He doesn't want to come.
* Never mind whether he wants or not.
* This is my nephew.
* Is he a native of the place?
* What does he come here for?
* He has come to buy things.
* When is he going back?
* In two or three days.
LESSON VI.—Relationships.
* Ler se simmy nahng?
* E se wah-gi peh.
* Ler oo ah-baw, ah-baw?
* Ler tee-teang-see ts'wah-bo?
* Tjee-dzoon oo dzap-gwap-nee.
* Oo tjeeay-dzoy keeah?
* Oo naw-sah-gi.
* Twah-gi oo tjeeay-dzoy-hooey?
* Twah-gi se dzah-bo.
* Oo ch'oot-mung ah-booey?
* Ler oo kway-gi heeah-tee.
* Dzek-gi ah-heeah, dzek-gi ah-tee.
* Oo dzay-mooey ab-baw?
* Yah oo dzek-gi ah-dzay, dzek-gi ah-mooey.
* Ler oo ts'wah-bo ah-booay?
* Oo dzaw: booay ts'wah.
* Tee-teang-see i ts'wah?
* Hwahn booay teeah-teeay.
* P'ah-sung may-noe i ts'wah.
* Tjee-gi no-keeah k'ow-dzawnee?
* E-gi-to khooun.
* Poon e cheeah.
* Hahm ah-baw li, p'aw e.
* P'aw e kher khow, t'it t'aw.
* E m hwah-hee-li.
* M kwahn e hwah-hee m hwah-hee.
* Tjee-gi se wah-gi tiet.
* E se pung-tee-nahng ah m se?
* Li tjee-kaw dzaw-me ser.
* E li boy mooey.
* Tee-teang-see i tung-kher?
* Kay naw-sah jit.
LESSON VII.—Opposites.
* This man is tall.
* I am shorter than he.
* That cow is fat.
* This sheep is thin.
* This string is too long.
* The thread is too short; it's not enough.
* This is a very large house.
* The road is too narrow for walking.
* This chair is strong.
* This table is rather weak.
* He (his body) is very strong.
* I am weaker than he.
* This table-cloth is wet.
* Dry it, and bring it back.
* This rock is very hard.
* My pillow is soft.
* Your hands are dirty.
* You should wash them clean,
* I want hot water.
* I don't want to use cold water.
* Out at sea it's very deep.
* Rivers are more shallow.
* It's very far by water.
* By land it's nearer by half.
* The bananas are not ripe yet.
* These oranges are too unripe.
* I don't want the eggs too much cooked.
* I want to eat the oysters raw.
* There are a great many water-buffaloes.
* There are very few goats.
* He is a clever fellow.
* You are stupid. ​
LESSON VII.—Opposites.
* Tjee-gi-nahng kooee.
* Wah pe-e keng kay.
* Her-gi-goo pooee.
* Tjee-gi-yeay sahn.
* Tjee-gi-saw k'ah tung.
* Swah, khah taw; m kow eng.
* Tjee-dzaw (or tjee-gi)-ts'oo khwah dzi.
* Lo khah-oy; boy-tit keeah.
* Tjee-gi kow-ee kheahng.
* Tjee-gi-ts'ung yow nahm.
* E-gi seen-t'oy dzahng-dzi.
* Wah pe-e keng nung-dzeeak.
* Tjee-gi ta'ung-po tahm.
* P'aht tah, teeny seeoo-khee.
* Tjee-gi tjeeay-t'ow toy-dzi.
* Wah-gi tsim-t'ow nahp.
* Ler-gi-ts'eeoo nah-sahp.
* Eng-gi soy ta'eng-khee.
* I seeay dzooey.
* M i eng ts'een-dzooey.
* Hi-dahng se ho-ts'eem.
* Li-khoy yow-ts'yen.
* Dzooey-lo hng-dzi.
* Lok-lo kern (exactly the German kön) dzek pwah.
* Keng-dzeeay booay sek.
* Tjee-gi-kah khah ts'ang.
* Koy-nung mi khahsek.
* Aw, i cheeah ts'ang.
* Dzooey-goo dzoy-dzi.
* Swah-yeay dzeeay-dzeeay.
* E se ming-peh-gi-nahng.
* Ler se hoo-t'oo. ​
LESSON VIII.—Monetary.
* One dollar.
* A dollar and a half.
* Half a dollar.
* Over a dollar.
* This "ngun" is very difficult to pronounce.
* Some people pronounce it "nyeen."
* That is easier.
* A dollar is divided into ten sek. (Chinose fashion.)
* One sek is divided into ten cents.
* Ten dollars and sixty-six cents.
* One tael.
* One tael is equal to about a dollar and a half
* Nine mace.
* Nine cash.
* One tael, soven mace, six candarsens.
* What is a dollar worth now in cash?
* It is worth one thousand and forty cash.
* How much wagos do you want a month?
* I want four dollars a month.
* This is too much.
* If I find my own food, it's not very much.
* Of course you find yourself.
* I can't take less or do it for less.
* Have you ever done this work before t
* I have done a little.
* You ought not to spend this money.
* You ought to send it home.
* Does he gamble ?
* I fancy he does.
* If he gambles I shall not employ him.
* You tell him what I say.
* He says he won't dare do so again. ​
LESSON VIII.—Monetary.
* Gi-ngun or dzek-gi ngun.
* Gi-pwah ngun.
* Pwah-gi ngun.
* Gi-gwah ngun.
* Tjee-gi "ngun" jee, kahn-kho tah.
* Oo nahng tah "nyeen."
* Tjee-gi keng yoong-eo.
* Dzek-gi-ngun poon-dzaw dzap sek.
* Dzek-sek poon-dzaw dzap hoon.
* Dzap-gi, lak sek, lak hoon.
* Dzek-neeay ngun.
* Dick-neeay ta'ah-poo-taw oo gi-pwah-ngun.
* Kow dzee.
* Kow-gi-dzee.
* Dzek neeay, ch'it dzee, lak hoon.
* Heen-dzi, dzek-gi-ngun tow tjesay-dzoy-dzee?
* Tow dzek-ts'oy lahn-see-dzap-dzee.
* Ler dzek-gi-gway i tjeeay-dzoy kahng-dzee?
* Dzek-gi-gway i see-gi-ngun.
* Tjoe-gi khah-dzoy.
* Cheeah kah-kee, boy dzoy.
* Teeah-teeay se cheeah-kah-kee.
* Kyem, dzaw-m-tit.
* Ts'ong-dzoy, ler paht dzaw tjee-gi-kahng, ah m paht?
* Paht lahn-law.
* Tjee-gi-dzee ler m-eng-gi si.
* Eng-gi keeah-kher ts'oo.
* E oo pwah-dzee ah-baw?
* Wah p'ah-sung oo.
* E oo pwah dzee, wah m-i-eng e.
* Ler kahng-e-tah tjee-gi-way.
* E tah, ow-li m-kah pwah. ​
LESSON IX.—Commercial.
* How much is this?
* How„ much„ is„ this?„ (Lit. at what price do you sell this?)
* It's too dear.
* I shan't buy it.
* Have you any cheap ones?
* This is cheaper.
* There is a proverb which says:—
* Good things are not cheap.
* Cheap things are not good.
* This is business talk.
* You want to sell dear,
* So of course you say this.
* Have you any better ones?
* Bring them (for me) to see.
* If suitable, I shall buy.
* If they are a little dear, it won't matter.
* This is the best of its kind.
* There is nothing to compare with it.
* I think it's imitation.
* It isn't: it's genuine.
* I am afraid it's too old.
* This is no use.
* You don't understand goods (i. e., know good for bad).
* He wants too much money,
* Tradesmen (or merchants) are not just.
* They all try to cheat people.
* There is another proverb which says:—
* Of merchants, three (in ten) are thieves.
* Don't you get in a rage,
* I have a proveb which says:—
* If you keep your temper, you are sure to get rich.
* Ah! you're a bad lot. ​
LESSON IX.—Commercial.
* Tjee-gi tjeeay-dzoy-dzee?
* Tjee-gi-mooey boy simmy kay?
* Khah kooee.
* Wah m boy.
* Oo p'ee-gi ah-baw!
* Tjee-gi keng p'ee.
* Oo dzek-koo sok-ger tah:—
* Pahr-gee, baw baw hooay:
* Haw-hooay, baw pahn gee.
* Tjee-gi se seng-lee-gi-way.
* Ler i boy kooee,
* Teeah-teeay tah tjee-gi-way.
* Teng-gwah oo haw-gi ah-baw?
* Kheeay-li, t'oy.
* Hah ee, wah dzeeoo boy.
* Koose lahn-law, baw ch'yet-yow.
* Tjee-gi teng haw or Tjee-gi seang-teng haw.
* Baw paht-gi haw pee.
* Wah-t'oy se kay.
* M see: se tjeen-gi.
* Keeah-way khah koo.
* Tjee-gi baw eng.
* Ler m heeow hooay.
* E t'aw khah dzoy dzee.
* Seng-lee-nahng baw kong-tow.
* Loong-dzoong i ts'wah nahng.
* Hwahn oo sok-ger tah :—
* Dzaw-seng-lee-nahng, sah hoon ts'aht.
* Ler m i sang-khee.
* Wah oo sok-ger tah :—
* Loon khee, sang ts'i.
* I! ler m se haw-mooay. ​
LESSON X.—Commercial.
* What business does he do?
* I am a merchant,
* Where is your hong?
* What is it called? (its style).
* How long have you been in business?
* Call the comprador.
* Have you made up your accounts?
* I have not made them up clearly yet.
* Every month you ought to make them up once.
* This account is wrong.
* It must be done over again.
* Have these dollars been shroffed?
* Call the shroff to shroff them.
* If there are any bad ones, go and change them,
* Weigh them. (Lit.—scale-passing-how-heavy.)
* Ten of them are a little light.
* Call the accountant.
* Where is the tea-taster?
* He is tasting tea.
* What goods are these?
* All miscellaneous goods.
* Have they passed the Customs?
* They have all passed.
* He wants to open a new hong.
* I'm afraid he'll lose his money (lit. capital).
* There's not much business here.
* Where is his shop?
* Put these goods in the godown.
* Tomorrow is Sunday; I shan't come.
* When does the steamer leave?
* How many passengers are there?
* I want to send some letters (or a letter). ​
LESSON X.—Commercial.
* E dzaw simmy-seng-lee?
* Wah se seng-lee-gi-nahng.
* Ler-gi-hahng taw tee-kaw?
* Simmy jee-haw?
* Ler dzaw seng-lee, oo tjeeay-koo?
* Hahm boy-p'oy li.
* Ler-gi-seeow, oo sung ah-baw?
* Hwahn booay sung ts'eng-ts'aw.
* Kak-gway kak gway, eng-gi sung dzek pi.
* Tjee-gi-seeow oo sung ta'aw.
* Teeay teng-gwah sung,
* Tjee-gi-ngun oo t'oy-kooay ah-baw?
* Hahm t'oy-ngun-nahng li t'oy.
* Jeeak oo m-ho-gi, kheeay-kher ooah.
* P'eng-kooay, tjeeay dahng.
* Dzap-gi yow kheen.
* Hahm ts'i-hoo li.
* Tay-ser taw tee-kaw?
* E taw ts'ee-tay.
* Tjee-gi se simmy hooay?
* Loong-dzoong se dzahp-hooay.
* Oo kooay-heeahng ah-booay ?
* Kooay ts'eng-ts'aw.
* E i khooey-goy seen hahng.
* Keeah-way see pung.
* Tjee-gi tee-hng, baw-me seng-lee.
* E-gi-p'o taw tee-kaw?
* Tjee-gi hooay, pahng-taw dzahn-pahng-li.
* Mah-khee se Loy-pi-jit; wah m li.
* Hooay-dzoon tee-teang-see keeah?
* Oo tjeeay-dzoy khay?
* Wah i keeah-seen kher. ​
LESSON XI.—Medical.
* This man is a doctor.
* How many doctors are there here?
* Are there any Chinese doctors?
* I am not very well today.
* What is the matter with you?
* My head aches.
* Have you been sick?
* I have not.
* Have you anything else the matter?
* I have also the stomach-ache.
* This is not serious.
* Take a little medicine.
* What medicine ought I to take.
* Wait till I get back to the hospital,
* and I will send a man with some for you.
* This man has fever.
* I have fever and ague.
* Is your throat dry?
* It is, and very often so.
* Don't drink too much water.
* Take a little chicken broth.
* When the fever has gone it won't be dry.
* Does he cough?
* At times he does, at times he doesn't.
* Does he drink?
* I fancy he smokes opium.
* He may do so, (I can't say).
* He is a strong man.
* Has he taken the "stop-opium" pills?
* He says they are no use.
* How does he know if they are of use or not.
* His disease can't be cured. ​
LESSON XI.—Medical.
* Tjee-gi-nahng se ooee-seng.
* Tjee-gi tee-hng oo kway-gi ooee-seng?
* Oo Tung-nahng ooee-seng ah-baw?
* Kim-jit wah baw-me soong-k'wi.
* Ler oo simmy pang?
* Wah-gi t'ow t'eeah.
* Oo t'o ah-baw?
* Baw t'o.
* Hwahn oo pat-gi pang ah-baw ?
* Wah-gi-to yah t'eeah.
* Tjee-gi baw yow keen.
* Cheeah lahn-law yeay.
* Wah eng-gi cheeah simmy yeay?
* Tahn wah tung-kher ooe-kwahn,
* dzeoo hahm nahng kheeay-li, poon ler.
* Tjee-gi-nahng hwaht dziet.
* Wah oo hahn-dziet-gi-pang,
* Ow, oy tah ah-boy?
* Oy; koo-koo tah.
* Dzooey, mn i cheeah khah dzoy.
* Cheeah lahn-law koy t'ung.
* Dziet t'aw, ow dzeoo baw tab.
* E oy kah-sow ah-boy?
* Oo see oo, oo see baw.
* E oy cheeah-dzeoo ah-boy?
* Wah p'ah-sung e oo cheeah ah-p'yen.
* Yak-leang oo.
* Tjee-gi-nahng dzahng.
* E oo cheeah koy-hoon-ee ah-baw?
* E tah tjee-gi baw-me eng.
* E dzawnee-dzi oo eng baw eng.
* E-gi-pang boy-tit ooee. ​
LESSON XII.—Ecclesiastical.
* This is a monastery.
* Are there any priests?
* There are no priests; there are priestesses.
* How many are there
* Over twenty.
* What do they do?
* Read the Sutras.
* That is a temple.
* Is it a Buddhist or Taoist (temple)?
* It is a Buddhist temple.
* What is the difference?
* There is a great difference.
* Do priests live here?
* There are no priests at a temple.
* He is a Missionary.
* Have you become a convert.?
* I have not.
* Is there a chapel here?
* There are two.
* Are they Protestant or Catholic?
* One is Protestant.
* The other (lit. one) is Catholic.
* Who are the Catholic Missionaries?
* They are all Frenchmen.
* Have they families?
* They have no families.
* They are not allowed to marry.
* They wear Chinese clothes.
* They eat Chinese food.
* What is the intention is this?
* They want to be like Chinamen.
* Is there any other meaning? ​
LESSON XII.—Ecclesiastical.
* Tjee-gi se ahm.
* Oo hway-seeay ah-baw?
* Baw hway-seeay; oo nee-ko.
* Oo tjeeay-dzoy?
* Oo tjee-dzap-gwah-gi.
* E dzaw simmy ser?
* Nyem keng.
* Her-gi se beeay.
* Se Hoot-kah-gi ah se Tow-kah-gi?
* Se Tow-kah-gi beeay.
* Oo simmy hoon-piet?
* Twah oo hoon-piet.
* Tjee-kaw oo hway-seeay kheeah-khee ah-baw?
* Beeay-li baw hway-seeay.
* E se kah-t'ow.
* Ler oo hong-kah ah-baw.
* Booay.
* Tjee-gaw oo loy-pi-tung ah-baw?
* Oo naw-gi.
* Se Yah-soo-kah, ah se T'yen-dzoo-kah.
* Dzek-gi se Yah-soo-kah.
* Dzek-gi se T'yen-dzoo-kah.
* T'yen-dzoo-gi-kah-t'ow se simmy nahng?
* Loong-dzoong se Hwop-kok-gi-nahng.
* Oo kay-kwahn ah-baw?
* Baw kay-kwahn.
* M dzoon e tswah bo.
* E ts'eng Tung-nahng sa-kho.
* E cheeah Tung-nahng-ts'i.
* Tjee-gi oo simmy ee-ser?
* Ei ts'een-ts'eeay Tung-nahng.
* Hwahn oo paht-gi ee-ser ah-baw? ​
LESSON XIII.—Nautical.
* This is a steamer.
* That is a sailing-vessel.
* There is no wind today.
* How many passengers are there on board?
* Are there a thousand passengers?
* They are all Chinese.
* Where are they going to?
* They are going to Singapore.
* When shall we reach port?
* This vessel is very fast.
* How many li will it go in an hour?
* It will go over thirty li.
* This is the Captain.
* Steamers don't use seils.
* How much coal do you use per diem?
* This is according to the speed of the ship.
* If she goes fast, a great deal is used;
* If she goes slow, then a smaller quantity.
* Where is the chief officer?
* He is on deck.
* The sleeping-berths are here.
* Where is the saloon?
* How many passengers can this vessel take?
* Call the carpenter.
* Tell him to mend this door.
* It has no lock.
* The key has been lost.
* Make another one.
* At what time do you have dinner?
* How many sailors are there?
* Can you make way in a fog?
* We don't dare go fast in a fog. ​
LESSON XIII.—Nautical.
* Tjee-gi se hooay-dzoon.
* Her gi se kah-pahn-dzoon.
* Kim-jit baw hwong.
* Dzoon-li oo tjeeay-dzoy khay.
* Oo dzek-ts'oy-khay ah-baw?
* Loong-dzoong se Tung-nahng.
* E kher simmy kahng-mung?
* Kher Sit-lak.
* Tee-teang-see kow kahng?
* Tjee-gi-dzoon may-dzi.
* Dzek-tyem-dzeng keeah tjeeay-dzoy lee?
* Keeah oo sah-dzap-gwah lee.
* Tjee-gi se dzoon-dzoo.
* Hooay-dzoon baw si p'ahng.
* Dzek-jit eng tjeveay-dzoy booay-t'wah?
* Tjee-gi se looun dzoon-keeah-may-mahn.
* Keeah may, eng dzoy;
* Keeah mahn, dzeeoo eng kyem.
* Twah-hooay taw tee-kaw?
* E taw dzoon-teng.
* Bah-lee taw tjee-poy.
* Khay-t'eeah taw tee-kaw?
* Tjee-gi-dzoon dzi tjeeay-dzoy khay?
* Hahm si-pay li.
* Tjee-gi-mung hahm e seeoo-sip.
* Baw saw-t'ow.
* Tjee-gi saw-see sit-law-kher.
* Teng-kwah p'ah dzek-kee.
* Kway-tyem-dzeng cheeah-pung?
* Oo tjeeay-dzoy dzooey-seeoo?
* Mong-yeen, oy-tit keeah-dzoon ah-boy?
* Mong-yeen, m-kah keeah may. ​
LESSON XIV.—Judicial.
* I want to summons this man.
* He is a thief, and has stolen things of mine.
* Have you any witnesses?
* I have witnesses; they haven't come yet.
* Issue subpoenas for them to come.
* Where is the constable?
* He is at the goal
* This is the yamen.
* What yamen?
* The Consul's yamen (the Consulate).
* Who is the present Consul?
* Mr. F———. (lit. Mr. Buddha).
* Send this bottle to the Commissioner of Customs.
* Today a man came with a petition.
* The plaintiff's case is weak (lit. his right is short).
* The defendant's case is strong (lit. his right is long).
* I will decide this case tomorrow.
* You seem to me to be both in the wrong.
* Give back this petition.
* Tomorrow I shall issue a Proclamation,
* Forbidding people to gamble.
* If they don't obey it, they will certainly be punished.
* The gate-keeper is too old.
* I have business today.
* I have never done this business before.
* This kind of case is very frequent.
* Take down his deposition.
* His evidence is not true.
* Did he see this affair?
* He did not see it himself.
* How does he know about it?
* He heard people talking of it. ​
LESSON XIV.—Judicial.
* Wah i kaw tjee-gi nahng.
* E dzaw ts'aht; t'ow-kheeay wah-gi-mooey.
* Oo kahn-dzeng ah-baw?
* Oo kahn-dzeng; hwahn booay li.
* Ch'oot p'eeay; hahm e li.
* Ts'eh-goy taw tee-kaw?
* E taw kahm-li.
* Tjee-gi se Gay-mung.
* Simmy Gay-mung.
* Neeah-se-hoo-gi Gay-mung.
* Heen-jeem-gi neeah-se-hoo se tee-teang?
* Se Hoot ti-jeen.
* Tjee-gi-dzoon kheeay-kher Soy-boo-see.
* Kim-jit oo-nahng-li jip-peen.
* Wahn-kaw-gi-lee taw.
* Pee-kaw-gi-lee tung.
* Tjee-gi-ooah mah-khee twahn (or tooahn).
* Wah t'oy, jee-kay oo ts'aw.
* Tjee-gi-peen hwaht-hooay.
* Mah-khee wah i ch'oot khaw-see,
* Kim baw-nahng pwah-dzee.
* Jeeak-see m dzoon, teeah-teeay oo dzooay.
* Peh-mung-gi-nahng khah low.
* Kim-jit oo kong-ser.
* Tjee-gi-ser wah m paht p'oy-kooay.
* Tjee-yeay-gi-wah see-see oo.
* Kee e-gi khow-keng.
* E-gi-khow-keng baw sit.
* Tjee-gi-ser oo t'oy-keen ah-baw?
* E kah-kee baw t'oy-keen.
* E dzawnee dzi?
* E t'eeah-kee nahng tah. ​
GRAMMAR.
Substantives and Adjectives are not declined: the same word expresses both the singular and the plural.
Pronouns.
| I, me | Wah. |
| My, mine | Wah-gi. |
| We, us | Wahn. |
| Our, ours | Wahn-gi. |
| Thou, thee | Ler. |
| Thy, thine | Ler. |
| You (plural) | Neen. |
| Your, yours | Neen-gi. |
| He, she, it, him , her | Ee or e. |
| His, her, hers, its | Ee-gi. |
| They, them | Een. |
| Their, theirs | Een-gi. |
Verbs remain the same in all moods, tenses, numbers and persons. These distinctions are shown by the addition of certain auxiliary verbs, as follows :—
| To come | Li. |
| He has come | Li leoow. |
| He came yesterday | Ee dzah-jit oo li. |
| Has he come? | Ee oo li ah-baw ? |
| He isn't coming | Ee m li. |
| He doesn't want to come | Ee m i li. |
| He can't come | Ee boy tit li or m oy li. |
| Why hasn't he come yet? | Eo dzawnee booay li? |
| Is he coming? | Ee li ah me |
| You needn't come | Ler meen-eng li. |
| Don't you come? | Ler m i li! |
VOCABULARY.
A. :
| Ability | Leng gahn. |
| Able to, to be | Oy. |
| Accounts, to make up | Sung seeow. |
| Accuse, to | Kaw. |
| Advantage | Yeeah. |
| 'Afraid, to be | P'ah: keesh-way; khyoong-way. |
| Afternoon | A-kwah. |
| Afterwards | Ow-li. |
| Again | Teng-gwah; dzi. |
| Agreement | Hahp-dahng. |
| Ague, fever and | Kwah-dzooah-pang. |
| All | Loong-dzoong. |
| Already | Ee-keng. |
| Also | Yeeah. |
| Although | Sooee-dzyen. |
| Amah | Ah-baw. |
| America | Mooee-kok. |
| Amuse oneself, to | Koy boon; koy ts'o. |
| Anchor, to | P'ah teng. |
| Anchor, to weigh | Khesay teng. |
| Animals | Sang-khow. |
| Angry, to get | Seeoo khee; sang khee, |
| Another | Paht-gi; kay-gi. |
| Answer, an | Hooay-jee; hooay-seen. |
| Anything | Simmy. |
| Ask, to | Mung. |
| Ask leave of absence, to | Kaw kay. |
| B. ||
| Bad | M haw; ahk. |
| Bag | Taw. ​ |
| Baggage | Heng-lee. |
| Bait | Sah-dzee. |
| Bale (of goods) | Khoon. |
| Ball | Keeoo. |
| Bamboo | Tok. |
| Bananas | Kong-dzeeay. |
| Basket | (large) Lang; (medium) kheng; (small) nahm. |
| Basketdo. | (with a handle) nah. |
| Bath-tub | Ek-t'ahng. |
| Bathe, to | Soy ek. |
| Be, to | See; taw. |
| Bear it, can't (weight) | Ni m kher. |
| Bear„ it,„ can't„ (morally) | Jeem poo tit. |
| Because | Een-ooee. |
| Bed | Meen-ts'ung. |
| Bed-clothes | P'ooay. |
| Bed-room | Meen-pahng. |
| Beef | Goo-nek, |
| Before (time) | Soy-jit; ta'ong-dzoy, |
| (place) | Dzoy; dzoy-meen. |
| Begin, to | Khes. |
| Beginning | Ta'aw; khee-t’ow. |
| Behind | Ow; ow-meen; ow-poy. |
| Below | A-meen. |
| Besides | Teng-gwah. |
| Better | Keng haw. |
| Bill | Twah or tooah. |
| Bird | Dzeeow. |
| Bite, to | Kah. |
| Black | Hok; o. |
| Blow out, to | Ts'ooay mit; poon kooay. ​ |
| Blowing, it is | T'ow hwong. |
| Blue | Lahm. |
| Board | Bak-poy. |
| Boat | Dzoon or dzooen. |
| Boatman | Keeah-dzoon-nahng. |
| Body | Seen-t'oy. |
| Boiling | Kooen. |
| Bones | Koot. (Of a dead man—koot-t'ow.) |
| Book | Ts'ay: dzer. |
| Book-case | Ts'ay-kay or ts'eh-keh. |
| Boots | Oy. |
| Borrow, to | Tjeeay. |
| Bottle | Dzoon; kwahn. |
| Box | (large) Seeay; (small) ahp-koeah. |
| Boy (servant) | Shee-dzi. |
| Bread | Mee-pow. |
| Breakfast | Dzah-pung, |
| Brick | Dzung. |
| Bridge | Keeay. |
| Bring | (of things) Kheeay; (of person) leeah |
| Broad | Khwah. |
| Brothers | Heeah-tee. (Elder) ah-heeah; (younger) ah-tee. |
| Brush | Sooey. |
| Bucket | Dzooee-t'ahng. |
| Bundle | Pow. |
| Burn | Seeay; seeay teeow. |
| Business | Ser; (official) kong ser. |
| Business of mine, no | Kahng-wah baw syen-kahn. |
| Busy | Hwong-mahng. |
| Butter | Goo lah. |
| Buttons | Neeoo. ​ |
| Bug | Seeay-booee. |
| Buy | Boy. |
| By and by | Khoon-kesah; kay-khoon. |
| C. ||
| Cabin (sleeping) | Bah-lee. |
| Cake | Mee-sek. |
| Calico | Po. |
| Call, to | Hahm; keeay. |
| Can do | Dzaw tit. |
| Candareen | Hoon. |
| Candle | Dzek; lah-dzek. |
| Cap | Baw. |
| Capsize | Teem-teeow, |
| Captain | Dzoon-dzoo. |
| Care, take | Dzer-soy. |
| Cargo | Hooay-mooey. |
| Carpenter | Si-pay. |
| Carpet | Dzee. |
| Carry, to (a child) | P'aw. |
| Carry,„ to„ (a chair) | Kung. |
| Cart | Ta'eeah, |
| Cash | Dzee. |
| Cat | Negow. |
| Catty | Kern (=German kön). |
| Certainly | Teeah-teeay. |
| Chair | Kow-ee. |
| Chair„ (sedan) | Keeay. |
| Chair-bearer | Keezy-hoo. |
| Change, to | Hoy; koy. |
| Charcoal | T'wah or T'ooah, ​ |
| Cheap | P'ee. |
| Chicken | Koy. |
| Child | No-keeah; keeah. |
| China | Tong-kok; Tong-hwah-kok. |
| Chinese | Tung-nahng. |
| Chop, a | Jee-haw. |
| Christian, a | Hong-kah-gi-nahng. |
| Cigar | Hoon (lit. smoke). |
| City, a | Seeah. |
| Clean | Ts'eng-khee. |
| Clear | (of liquids) Ts'eng; (of speech) ming-peh. |
| Clever | Leng-li. |
| Cloth | Nee. |
| Clothes | Sah-kho; ee-hok. |
| Clumsy | Ts'oon-poon. |
| Coal | Booay. |
| Coarse | Ts'o. |
| Cold | Ts'een. |
| Collar | Neesh. |
| Colour | Sek-dzooee. |
| Comb, a | S'eeoo. |
| Come, to | Li. |
| Come„ back, to | Tung-li. |
| Commissioner of Customs | Sooay-boo-see. |
| Compass, a | Law-kang. |
| Compensate, to | Pooay. |
| Comprador | Boy-p'oy. |
| Confucius | Khong-hoo-dzer. |
| Confused | Kong. |
| Consequences | Kahn-hee, |
| Constable | Ts'ay-goy. ​ |
| Cook, a | Hway-t'ow. |
| Cooked (not raw) | Sek. |
| Cook-house | Hway-sit-pahng. |
| Cool | Leang. |
| Copper | Tahng or dahng. |
| Copy, to | Ts'ow. |
| Cork, a | T'aht. |
| Cork-screw | Dzeeoo-dzung. |
| Corrupt practices | Lee-pee. |
| Cotton | Swah or Sooah. |
| Courage | Tah. |
| Course, of | Dzer-dzeeyen. |
| Cotton-wool | Mee-hooay. |
| Cover, a | Khoy. |
| Cover,„ to | Khahm. |
| Crack, a | Pit-hoon. |
| Crack,„ to | Pit. |
| Credit, on | Ts'eeah |
| Crab | Hoy. |
| Cry | Khow. |
| Cup | Pooay; (tea-cup) tay-pooay. |
| Cupboard | Too. |
| Curtains (mosquito) | Mahng-teeay. |
| Cushion | Ee teeyen. |
| Custom, a | Hong-sok, |
| Customs | Heeang-kwahn; hi-kwahn. |
| Cut, to (a pencil) | P'oy. |
| Cut,„ to„ (in two) | Tok. |
| Cut,„ to„ (as one's hand) | Kwah. |
| Cut down, to (as trees) | Dzahm. ​ |
| D. ||
| Dangerous | Hong-heeyem. |
| Dare, to | Kab. |
| Dark | Ahm-ahm. |
| Daughter | Dzow-keeah; dzer-neeay-keeah. |
| Day | Jit. |
| Daytime | Jit-kwah. |
| Dead | See (is dead—see-kher). |
| Dear | Kooee. |
| Despatch, a | Kong-boon; boon-dzer. |
| Devil | Kooee. |
| Difference, a | Hoon-piet. |
| Different | M dahng. (lit. not the same). |
| Difficult | Kahn-kho. |
| Directly | Sooee-see; tjeeyet-khek. |
| Dirty | Nah-sahp. |
| Do, to | Dzaw. |
| Doctor | Ooee-seng. |
| Dog | Kow. |
| Dollar, one | Dzek-gi-ngun. |
| Door | Mung. |
| Double up, to (as clothes) | Dzee-khee-li. |
| Downstairs | Low-a |
| Drawer, a | Ts'ung-keh. |
| Drink, to | Cheeah. |
| Dry | Tah. |
| Duck, a | Ah; (wild do) dzooee-ah. |
| Dust | Swah-t'o; teen-i. |
| Dye, to | Ooah. |
| E. ||
| Each | Kak; kak-gi. |
| Ear | Hee. ​ |
| Earrings | Hee-kow. |
| East | Dahng. |
| Easy | Koy; yoong-ee. |
| Eat | Cheeah. |
| Ebb-tide | Teeay-khaw. |
| Egg (fowl's) | Koy-nung. |
| Employ | Eng. |
| Empty | Khahng. |
| Ended | Wahn-leeow. |
| England | Eng-kok. |
| Enough | Kow. |
| Enquire | T'ahm-t'oy; mung. |
| Evening | Meh-hng. |
| Ever, for | Yoong-koo. |
| Every | Kak. |
| Eyes | Mak; ts'eh-meh. |
| Expenses | Hooee-eng. |
| Expenses„ (on a journey) | Pwah-tee; lo-hooee. |
| F. ||
| Face | Meen. |
| Fair | (wind) Sooen; (weather) dzang. |
| Fall, to | (things) Kah-low; (persons) pwah. |
| Fan, a | See. |
| Fancy, I | P'ah-sung. |
| Far | Hng. |
| Fast | May-may. |
| Fat | Pooee. |
| Father | Peh or pay. |
| Fear | P'ah; khyoong-way; keeah way. |
| Feed, to (animals etc.) | Ts'ee. |
| Festival | Dzoy. ​ |
| Fetch, to | Kheeay x x li. |
| Few | Dzeeay, |
| Fight, to | Seeay-p'ah. |
| Fine, to | Hwaht. |
| Fingers | Ts'eeoo-dzoy. |
| Finished | Wahn-leeow. |
| Fire | Hooay. |
| Fire„ a gun, to | P'ah ts'eng. |
| First, at | Khee-tow. |
| First,„ the | Toy-it. |
| Fish | Her. |
| Flesh | Nek. |
| Flies | Ho-seen. |
| Flood-tide | Teeay-tooah. |
| Floor | Low-pahng. |
| Flour | Meo. |
| Flowers | Hooay. |
| Foot | Khah; (measure) ts'eeay. |
| Fork | Ts'eh or ts'ay. |
| Foreign | Yeeay. |
| Fox | Swah-kow. |
| Fresh (as fish, fruit etc.) | Ts'ee. |
| Fry, to | Looah; dzeeyen. |
| Fruit | Kooay-dzee. |
| Full | Mwah or mooah. |
| G. ||
| Gamble, to | Pwah; pwah dzee. |
| Garden | Hooay-hng. |
| Gardener | Dzeng-hooay-nahng. |
| Gay | Nyeeah-nyeeah. |
| Get up, to | Khee-li. ​ |
| Get, to (as meals) | Poo. |
| Girl | Dzah-bo. |
| Give, to | Poon. |
| Glad, to be | Hwah-hee. |
| Go, to | Kher. |
| Go out, to | Ch'oot mung. |
| Goat | Swah-yeeay. |
| Godown | Dzahn-pahng. |
| Gods, the | Seen-seeyen; seen-ser. |
| Gold | Keem. |
| Good | Haw. |
| Goods | Hooay-mooey. |
| Goose | Gaw. |
| Glass | Paw-lee. |
| Green | Lek. |
| Grey shirtings | Yeeay-po. |
| Guest | Nahng-khay. |
| Gun | Ts'eng. |
| Gunboat | Peeah-dzoon, |
| H. ||
| Hair | Maw. |
| Half | Pooah; dzek pooah. |
| Ham | Hooay-t'ooee. |
| Hammer | T'ee-t'ooee. |
| Hand | Ts'eeoo. |
| Handkerchief | Ts'eeoo-kern (=kön.) |
| Hang up, to | Teeow. |
| Hard | Toy. |
| Harm, no | Baw gi. |
| Hat | Baw. |
| Hat, to put on a | Tee baw. ​ |
| Have or have got | Oo. |
| He | Eo. |
| Head | T'ow. |
| Hear | T'eeah; t'eeah-kee. |
| Heavy | Dahng. |
| Here | Tjee-kaw; tjee-poy. |
| Hire, to | Ko. |
| Hold, the | Ts'ung. |
| Hold, to | Kheeay. |
| Home, at | Kay-li. |
| Hong | Hahng. |
| Honourable | Kooee-khee. |
| Hoop, a | Hwahn. |
| Horse | Bay or beh. |
| Hot | (of weather) Dzooah; (of liquids) seeay. |
| Hot-tempered | Pek-sang. |
| House | Ts'oo. |
| How? | Dzaw-nee? |
| How much; how many? | Tjeeay-dzoy. |
| How far? | Tjeeay hng? |
| How much less ———? | Mok sooey ———? |
| Husband | Ahng; dzee-si, |
| Hungry | To khooen. |
| I. ||
| I | Wah. |
| Ice | Peeah-sung. |
| Ice-box | Peeah-sung-seeay. |
| Idle | Lahn-tooah, |
| If | Jeeak-see. |
| Ill | M soong-k'wi; oo pang. ​ |
| Inch | Ts'ooen. |
| Ink | Bak. |
| Ink-bottle | Bak-hoo. |
| Inform, to (by proclamation) | Heeow dzoo. |
| Insect | T'ahng. |
| Inside | Li-meen; li-poy. |
| Inside out, turn it | Poy-kooay-li. |
| Instance, for | P'ee-dzoo; khaw-pee; pee-hwong. |
| Investigate, to | Ts'eh ming. |
| Invite | Ts'eeah. |
| Iron | T'ee. |
| Iron, an | Oot-tow. |
| Iron, to | Oot. |
| J. ||
| Jade | Gek. |
| Jetty | Bay-t'ow. |
| Jug | Dzooee-kwahn. |
| K. ||
| Keep, to | Low-pahng. |
| Kettle | Dzooee ooay. |
| Key | Saw-see. |
| Kill, to | (with a knife) T'i; (with clubs etc.) p'ah see. |
| Kind, a | Yeeay. |
| Knife | Taw. |
| Knot, a | Kaht. |
| Know, to | Dzi. |
| Know, to (as acquaintances, languages etc.) | Paht ​ |
| L. ||
| Ladder, a | T'ooee. |
| Ladder, to bring a | Tah t'ooee li. |
| Lamp | Teng. |
| Lantern | Tong-lahng. |
| Large | Tooah or twah. |
| Last (of months, years etc.) | Tjeeay. |
| Late | Ooah. |
| Laugh, to | Ts'eeay. |
| Lawn | Ts'ow-po. |
| Lazy | Lahn-tooah. |
| Leaf, a (either of books or trees) | Heeay. |
| Leak | Low. |
| Learn, to | Aw; hak-seep. |
| Leather | P'ooay. |
| Leave, to ask | Kaw kay. |
| Left hand | Dzaw ts'eeoo. |
| Leg | Khah. |
| Leisure | Oy. |
| Lond | Tjeeay. |
| Let go, to | Pahng. |
| Letter | Seen. |
| Lie down, to | Taw. |
| Lies, to tell | Sooay hwong. |
| Light (not heavy) | Khoon. |
| Light (not dark) | Kng-kng. |
| Light, to (lamps etc.) | Teeyen. |
| Lightning | Teeyen-hooay. |
| Like | Ts'een-ts'eeay. |
| Like, to | I-seeay. |
| Lime | Hooay. ​ |
| Little, a | Lahn-law; say-soo. |
| Live, to (reside) | Kheeah-khee. |
| Lock, to | Saw. |
| Lock, a | Saw-t'ow. |
| Long | Tung. |
| Long time, a | Jit koo. |
| Look, to | T'oy. |
| Looking-glass | Keeah-t'i. |
| Low (down) | Kay. |
| Lose, to | Kah-low. |
| Lucky | Dzow-hooay; oon-khee. |
| M. ||
| Mace, a | Dzee. |
| Magistrate, District | Kooee. |
| Make, to | Dzaw. |
| Make haste! | May-may or meh-meh. |
| Male | Nahm. |
| Man | Nahng. |
| Many | Dzoy. |
| Maskee | Baw-seeyen-kahn; baw-yow-keen. |
| Mast | Ooee. |
| Master | T'ow-kay. |
| Matches | Dzer-li-hooay. |
| Matter? What's the | Oo simmy ser. |
| Matting | Ts'eeay. |
| Medicine | Yeeay. |
| Meal, a | Tung. |
| Meat | Nek |
| Meet, to | Seeay ngaw. |
| Mend, to | Po ​ |
| Merchant | Seng-lee-nahng. |
| Middle, in the | Teen-dahng; tong-yahng. |
| Milk (cow's) | Goo-nee. |
| Mince, to | Tok-eeoo. |
| Missionary | Kah-t'ow; mok-ser. |
| Mistress | T'ow-kay-neeay. |
| Monday | Loy-pi-it. |
| Month | Gooay or gway. |
| Money | Dzee. |
| Moon | Gooay or gway. |
| More | Teng-gwah. |
| Morning | Mung-khee. |
| Mosquitos | Mahng. |
| Mosquito curtains | Mahng-teeay. |
| Mother | Baw; low-baw; baw-ts'een. |
| Mouse | Dzee-ts'er, |
| Mouth | Khow; ts'ooee. |
| Much, too | Khah dzoy. |
| Much again, as | Kay dzek pooay. |
| Mushroom | Ko. |
| Mustard | Ki-looah. |
| Mutton | Yeeay-nek. |
| My | Wah-gi. |
| N. ||
| Nail, a | Teng. |
| Nail a nail, to | Teng teng |
| Nail | (finger) Dzoy-kah; (toe) khah-kah. |
| Name | Sang; (Christian) meeah. |
| Narrow | Oy. |
| Native | Pung-tee-nahng. ​ |
| Near | Kern (German kön). |
| Nearer, bring it | Kheeay-bwah-li. |
| Noodle | Dzahm. |
| Now | Seen |
| News | Seen-boon. |
| Next year | Meh-nee. |
| Next month | Ow-gway. |
| Night | Meh-kwah, |
| Noon | Jit-tow. |
| North | Pak; pak-poy. |
| Nose | P'ee. |
| Notes (of money) | Dzee-p'eeay. |
| Now | Tjee-dzoon. |
| Numbers (cardinal) | Beh-dzee. |
| O. ||
| Oar | Dzeeay. |
| Obey | Dzooen. |
| Office | Seeah-jee-pahng. |
| Often | See-see; seeay-seeay. |
| Oil | Eeoo. |
| Old (of persons) | Low. |
| Old (of things) | Koo. |
| On the table | Ts'ung teng. |
| Once | Dzok hooay; dzok pi. |
| Once, go at | Sooee-see kher. |
| Oneself | Kah-kee. |
| Onion | Ts'ahng. |
| Only | Poot-kooay; tooah-tooah. |
| Open, to | Khooee. |
| Opium | Ah-p'yen. ​ |
| Opposite | Tooee-meen. |
| Or | Hok-tjeeah. |
| Orange | Kah. |
| Ounce | Neeay. |
| Ought | Eng-gi. |
| Outside | Gwah-poy. |
| P. ||
| Painter | Hooay kahng. |
| Paper | Tooah, |
| Partner | Hooay-kee. |
| Partnership, to dissolve | T'eeah-hooay. |
| Partnership, to enter into | Hah-hooay. |
| Paste | Mee-ko, |
| Pattern | Yeeay. |
| Pay, to | Poon dzee; hoy dzee. |
| Pecul, one | Dzek tah. |
| Peking | Pak-keeah. |
| Pen | Pit. |
| Pencil | Een-pit. |
| Pepper | Ho-tjeeay-hoon. |
| People, the | Peh-sang (lit, the 100 names). |
| Petition, a | Peen. |
| Pewter | Seeah. |
| Please, as you | Sooee-peeyen, |
| Pick up, to | Kheeay-khee-li. |
| Piece, a | Kaw. |
| Pigeon | Hoon-tjecow. |
| Pig | Ter. |
| Pillow | Cheem-tow. |
| Pilot | Ts'wah-dzooee-nahng. ​ |
| Pin | Dzahm. |
| Pineapple | Hwahn-li. |
| Place | Ooee-ts'er. |
| Plate | Pwah; (small) tee. |
| Play, to (as children) | Sung. |
| Play the piano, to | T'ahn. |
| Pocket | Taw. |
| Politeness | Loy-mow. |
| Pony | Beh. |
| Poor | Keng; p'een-khyoong. |
| Pork | Ter-nek. |
| Port, a | Hi-khow. |
| Potato | Haw-lahn-dzer. |
| Pound, a | Kern or (German) kön. |
| Pour, to | Taw-ch'oot-li. |
| Praise, to | Hong-seng. |
| Pray, to | Loy-pi. |
| Probably | Yak-leeang. |
| Priest (Buddhist) | Hooay-seeay. |
| Principle | Taw-lee. |
| Protect, to | Paw-yew (or yeeoo). |
| Proclamation, a | Khaw-see. |
| Proclamation, to issue a | Ch'oot khaw-see. |
| Present, to make a | Sahng. |
| Prison | Kahm. |
| Prison, to put in | Keem kahm; seeoo kahm. |
| Proverb | Sok-ger. |
| Pull, to | Tooee. |
| Pull the punkah, to | Tooee hwong. |
| Punish him, to | P'oy ee-gi dzooey. |
| Push, to | Leng; leng khooee. |
| Put, to | Pahng. |
| Put on clothes, to | Ts'eng sah. ​ |
| Q. ||
| Quality (of goods) | Dzung-t'ow; pahn-t'ow. |
| Quickly | May-may or meh-meh. |
| R. ||
| Rain; (2) it rains | Ho; (2) law ho. |
| Rather | Yow; lahn-law; say-soo. |
| Raw | Ts'ang. |
| Read | T'ak dzer. |
| Ready, it (anything) is | Peen leeow. |
| Ready made | Dzaw peen. |
| Ready money | Heen dzee. |
| Receive, to | Seeoo. |
| Reckon up, to | Sung-seeow. |
| Red | Ahng. |
| Regulations | Dzeeang-t'eeah. |
| Relative | Ts'een-ts'ek. |
| Reply, to | Yeen. |
| Rest, to | Heeah hek. |
| Rice | (uncooked) Bee; (cooked) pung. |
| Ride on horseback | Kheeah beh. |
| Right, you are | Put ts'aw; baw ts'aw. |
| Right hand | Yeeoo ts'eeoo. |
| Ripe | Sek. |
| River | Khoy. |
| Road | Lo. |
| Roast, to | Seeay. |
| Room | Pahng. |
| Root | Kern or (German) kön. |
| Rope | Saw. |
| Rough | Khee-khoo. ​ |
| Round | Ee. |
| Rub, to | Ts'eeoo. |
| Run, to | Dzow. |
| S. ||
| Sailing-vessel | Kah-pahn-dzoon. |
| Sailor | Dzooee-seeoo. |
| Sails | P'ahng. |
| Salt | Yem. |
| Salt meat | Keeyem nek. |
| Same, all the | Pang yeeay; dzek yeeay; seeahng dahng. |
| Saturday | Loy-pi lak. |
| Saucepan | Ooay. |
| Say, to | Tah. |
| Scales | T'eeyen-p'eng. |
| Scissors | Kah taw. |
| Screw, a | Law-see teng. |
| Sea | Hi. |
| Sea-sick, to be | Heen dzoon. |
| Second | Toy jee. |
| Security, to go | Paw. |
| See | T'oy; t'oy-kee. |
| Seek, to | Ts'ooay. |
| Seldom | Han tit. |
| Send, to (persons) | Si. |
| Sentence, a | Koo; dzek koo way. |
| Servant | Eng-jeen. |
| Several | Kooee-gi. |
| Sheep | Yeeay. |
| Sheet of paper | Dzek teeay tooah. |
| Ship | Dzoon. ​ |
| Shoes | Oy. |
| Shop | P'o. |
| Shore of the sea | Hi-keo. |
| Short | Taw. |
| Shrimps | Heh or hay. |
| Shut, to | Kooay. |
| Sick (ill) | Baw soong-k'wi. |
| Sick, to be | T'o. |
| Side, this | Tjee-poy. |
| Silk (thread) | See. |
| Silk and satin | Teeoo tung. |
| Silver | Ngun. |
| Sing | Ts'eeahng. |
| Singapore | Sit-lak. |
| Sisters | Dzee-mooay. |
| Sister | (elder) Ah-dzee; (younger) ah-mooay. |
| Sit down, to | Dzaw. |
| Skin | P'ooay. |
| Sleep, to | Oot. |
| Slowly | Mahn-mahn. |
| Smell, to | P'ee. |
| Smell, a | Bee. |
| Smoke | Hoon. |
| Smooth | Pang. |
| Sneeze, to | P'ah-kah-t'ee. |
| Snipe | Kah-ts'eeay-hoon. |
| Soap | Hwong-kahng; seeah-boon. |
| Soak, to | Dzoom. |
| Socks | Booay. |
| Soda | Yem-lo. |
| Soft | Nahm. |
| Solder, to | Oon-tooay. ​ |
| Some (a little) | Lahn-law. |
| Son | Tow-keeah. |
| Sore | T'eeah. |
| Sort | Yeeay. |
| Sound (noise) | Seeah. |
| Soup | T'ung. |
| Sour | Sung. |
| South | Nahm; nahm-poy. |
| Spade | Ts'eeang. |
| Spactacles | Mak-keeah. |
| Spider | Tee-too. |
| Split, to | P'wah-khooee. |
| Spoon | See; t'ung-see. |
| Spread, to | P'o. |
| Square | See-pahng. |
| Stab. to | Ts'ung. |
| Stale | Eeyen. |
| Start, to | Khee seen. |
| Steamer | Hooay dzooen. |
| Steersman | Ti koong. |
| Stick | Dzeeang. |
| Still | Hwahn. |
| Stinking | Ts'ow. |
| Stone | Tjeeay. |
| Stool, a | Ee-tow. |
| Stop, to | T'eng. |
| Stop up, to | Saht. |
| Stove | Hooay lo |
| Stow away, to | Dzwong. |
| Strange | Koo-kwi; khee-kwi. |
| Street | Koy-lo. |
| Strength | Laht. ​ |
| Strike | P'ah. |
| String | Saw. |
| Strong | Kheeang. |
| Sugar | T'ung; (white) peh-t'ng. |
| Summons, to issue a | Ch'oot p'eeay. |
| San | Jit or jeet. |
| Sunstroke | Jit-p'ahk. |
| Sunday | Loy-pi-jit. |
| Sweat | Kooah. |
| Sweet (to smell) | P'ahng. |
| Sweet (to taste) | Teeyem. |
| T. ||
| Table | Ts'ung. |
| Table-cloth | Ts'ung-po. |
| Tael | Neeay. |
| Tail | (queue) Pee; (of animals) booay. |
| Tailor | Ts'i-hong. |
| Take away, to | Kheeay x x kher. |
| Take down, to (as pictures) | Pahk-law-li. |
| Take care | Dzer-soy; soy-seem. |
| Take off clothes, to | T'ung sah. |
| Talk, to | Tah way. |
| Tea | Tay. |
| Tea-cup | Tay-pooay. |
| Tea-pot | Tay-kwahn. |
| Tea-taster | Tay-ser. |
| Telescope | Ts'oy-lee-keeah. |
| Temple | Ahm. |
| Tender (of meat) | Nung; nahp. |
| That | Her-gi. |
| Then | Her-dzoon. ​ |
| There | Her-poy; heeay-poy. |
| Thermometer | Hahn-soo-dzahm. |
| They | Een. |
| Thick (of liquids) | Toy; kert. |
| Thick (of substances) | Kow. |
| Thimble | Po-dzoy. |
| Thin (of liquids) | Ts'eeay. |
| Thin (of substances) | Paw. |
| Thin (of persons) | Sahn. |
| Thing | Mooey. |
| Think, to | Seeay. |
| Thirsty | Ow tah (lit. throat dry). |
| This | Tjee-gi. |
| Throat | Ow. |
| Throw, to | Kak. |
| Thunder | Looee; looee-heeang. |
| Thursday | Loy-pi-see. |
| Tiger | Low-ho. |
| Time | See-how. |
| Time? What's the | Kway-teeyem-dzeng? |
| Toast | Pek mee-pow. |
| Today | Kim-jit. |
| Tocs | Khah-dzoy. |
| Together | Dzaw-poo. |
| Tomorrow | Mah-khee. |
| Tongue | Dzee. |
| Too | Khah. |
| Towel | Meen-kern. |
| Translate, to | Hwahn-ek. |
| Treacle | Tung-dzooee. |
| Treaty | Hahp-yeeay. |
| Tree | Ts'eeoo. ​ |
| Truly | Cheen-sit. |
| Tumbler | Paw-lee-pooay. |
| Turn round, to (things) | Hooee-tung-li. |
| Turn round, to (of persons) | Dzooahn seen. |
| U. ||
| Umbrella | Ho-sooah. |
| Under | A-meen or eh-meen. |
| Understand, to | Paht; heeow tit. |
| Unripe | Ts'ang. |
| Untie, to | Koy. |
| Upstairs | Low-teng. |
| Use, to | Eng. |
| Used, very much | Yow eng; seeay eng. |
| Useful, very | Tooah oo eng. |
| Utensils (of any kind) | Khee. |
| V. ||
| Vegetables | Dzeh-ts'i. |
| Very | Dzi (follows the word it qualifies). |
| Very good | Haw-dzi. |
| Very | Dzahp hoon (lit. 10 parts). |
| Very good, not | Baw-mee dzahp-hoon haw. |
| Visit, to | Pi-kee. |
| W. ||
| Wages | Kahng-dzee. |
| Wait, to | T'eng-how; ts'eeah-tahn. |
| Walk, to | Keeah. |
| Walk, to go for a | T'it-t'aw. |
| Wall, a | Ts'eeay. |
| Want, to | I. ​ |
| Warm | Seeay. |
| Wash, to | Soy. |
| Washerman | Soy-sah-nahng. |
| Wash-hand (lit. face) basin | Meen-p'oon. |
| Waste, to | Dzow-t'aht. |
| Waste time, to | Sit-law see-how. |
| Watch, a | See-peeay. |
| Water | Dzooee. |
| Waves | Eng. |
| Weak | Nahm. |
| We | Ooahn or wahn. |
| Week | Loy-pi. |
| Weigh, to | P'eng-kooay. |
| Well, a | Dzang. |
| Well (in health) | Haw. |
| West | Si. |
| What? | Simmy? Dzawnee? |
| When? | Tee-teeang-see? |
| Where? | Tee-kaw? |
| Whip | Pee. |
| White | Peh. |
| Who? | Tee-teeang? |
| Whole | Tjeeah-kaw; tjeeah-gi. |
| Why? | Dzawnee? Een-ooee simmy? |
| Wide | K'wah. |
| Wife | Bo. |
| Wind | Hwong. |
| Window | Paw-lee-mung; t'eng. |
| Wine | Dzeeoo. |
| Wine-glass | Dzeeoo-pooay. |
| Winter | Dahng-t'ee. |
| Wish, to | I. ​ |
| With | Kahng. |
| With him, to go | Kahng ee dzaw-poo kher. |
| Woman | Hoo-jeen. |
| Wood | Bahk. |
| Work | Kahng-hoo. |
| Work, to | Dzaw kahng-hoo. |
| Worthy | Low-sit. |
| Wounds | Seeay. |
| Write | Seeah; seeah jee. |
| Wrong | M teeay. |
| Y. ||
| Year | Nee. |
| Year, last | Koo nee. |
| Yellow | Ng. |
| Yesterday | Dzah-jit. |
| Yet, not | Hwahn booay. |
| You | Ler; (plural) neen. |
| Your | Ler-gi; (plural) neen-gi. |
page
​ON SALE.
At Messers. Kelly & Walsh's, Shanghai.
| GILES' | Chinese without a Teacher, being a collection of easy and useful sentences in the Mandarin Dialect. | ... $ 1.00 |
| Giles'„ | Chinese Sketches | ... $„ 3.00 |
| Giles'„ | Two Chinese Poems | ... $„ 1.00 |
| Giles'„ | Synoptical Studies in Chinese Character | ... $„ 2.00 |
| Giles'„ | Dictionary of Colloquial Idioms, in the Mandarin Dialect | ... $„ 3.00 |
IN THE PRESS.
| Giles'„ | Record of the Buddhistic Kingdoms, translated from the Chinese (with copious notes) |
ALSO:
| BALFOUR'S | Waifs and Strays from the Far East | ... $ 3.00 |
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in 1877, before the cutoff of January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1935, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 88 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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