# The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament/Volume I/Symbols and Abbreviations

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS EMPLOYED IN INTRODUCTIONS, TEXT AND NOTES
See special lists as under :—
| 1 Esdras | vol. I. 19, 20. |
| Tobit | vol.„ I. 201. |
| Sirach | vol.„ I. 315. |
| Prayer of Manasses | vol.„ I. 620. |
| 1 Enoch | vol.„ II. 187. |
| Test. XII Patr. | vol.„ II. 295. |
| 2 Baruch | vol.„ II. 475. |
| 4 Ezra | vol.„ II. 560. |
See also under Versions and MSS. in the different books.
| A$^1$ &c. | See 2 Bar. § 7 |
| A.J.Th. | American Journal of Theology |
| Aboth | Pirkē Aboth |
| Ab. R. Nathan | Aboth Rabbi Nathan |
| ἀπ.λεγ. or εἰρ | ἅπαξ λεγόμενον or εἰρημένον |
| Apoc. Abrah. | Apocalypse of Abraham |
| Apoc. of Baruch | 2 Baruch |
| Apoc. Zeph. | Apocalypse of Zephaniah |
| Aq. | Aquila |
| Ar. | Arabic |
| Aram. Frag. | Aramaic Fragment. See Test. App. II |
| Arm. | Armenian |
| Asc. Is. | Ascension of Isaiah |
| Ass. Mos. | Assumption of Moses |
| Aug. | Augustine |
| B$^1$ &c. | See 2 Bar. § 7 |
| B.D. | Bible Dictionary |
| B.S. | Deissmann, Biblical Studies |
| 1 Bar. | Apocryphal Book of Baruch |
| 2 Bar. | Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch |
| 3 Bar. | Greek Apocalypse of Baruch |
| Ber. Rabb. | Bereshith rabba |
| Berach. or Berakh. | Berachoth |
| Beresh. | Bereshith |
| C.I.G. | Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum |
| C.O.T. | Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament. See K.A.T. |
| Cat. Niceph. | Catalogue of Nicephorus |
| Chag. | Chagigah (Talmud) |
| Chron. Pasch. | Chronicon Paschale |
| Clem. Alex. | Clement of Alexandria |
| Clem. Recog. | Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions |
| Cod. | Codex |
| D.B. | Dictionary of the Bible |
| Dan. | Daniel |
| Diod. Sic. | Diodorus Siculus |
| Diog. Laert. | Diogenes Laertius |
| E.A. | See 4 Ezra, § 7, and ii. 560 |
| E.B. or Bi. | Encyclopaedia Biblica |
| Edd. | Editions |
| 1 En. | 1 Enoch or Ethiopian Enoch |
| 2 En. | 2 Enoch or Slavonic Enoch |
| Encyc. Brit. | Encyclopaedia Britannica |
| Ep. Barn. | Epistle of Barnabas |
| Ep. Jer. | Epistle of Jeremy |
| Epiph. | Epiphanius |
| Eth. | Ethiopic |
| Eus. | Eusebius |
| Ev. Nicod. | Evangelium Nicodemi |
| 4 Ez. | Fourth Book of Ezra |
| Fayum P. | Fayum Papyri |
| Fr. or Frag. | Fragment |
| G | Greek Version |
| G. d. Jud. | Geschichte des Judenthums |
| G.J.V. | Schürer's Geschichte des jüdischen Volkes |
| G.V.I. | Geschichte des Volkes Israel |
| Gen. rabb. | Genesis rabba |
| Gk. | Greek |
| Gk. Frag. | Greek Fragment. See Test. App. II |
| Gr. | Grimm |
| Gr. of O.T. | Greek Grammar of Old Testament Greek (Thackeray) |
| H.D.B. | Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible |
| H.J.P. | History of the Jewish People |
| Heb. Gr. | Hebrew Grammar |
| Herm. | Hermas, Pastor |
| Hes. | Hesiod |
| Hiph. | Hiphil |
| Hom. | Homer |
| Il. | Iliad |
| Int. Crit. Comm. | International Critical Commentary |
| Intr. | Introduction |
| J.E. | Jewish Encyclopaedia |
| J.Q.R. | Jewish Quarterly Review |
| J.R.A.S. | Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |
| J.T.S. | Journal of Theological Studies |
| Jalkut Schim. | Jalkut Shimeoni |
| Jashar | Book of Jashar |
| Jer. Joma &c. | Joma in Jerusalem Talmud |
| Jerus. Targ. | Jerusalem Targum |
| Jos. Ant. &c. | Josephus, Antiquities, &c. |
| Jub. | Book of Jubilees |
| Jud. Theol.$^2$ | Jüdische Theologie$^2$ (Weber) |
| K. | Kautzsch |
| K.A.T. | Schrader, Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament |
| Kit. | Kittel |
| L.A.E. | Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East |
| L.d.T. | Weber, Die Lehren des Talmuds |
| L. & S. | Liddell and Scott |
| LXX. | Septuagint Version |
| Lact. | Lactantius |
| Lib. V.T. | Libri Veteris Testamenti |
| Luc. | Lucian |
| Lucr. | Lucretius |
| MS. | Manuscript |
| MT. | Massoretic Text |
| 1 Macc. &c. | First, &c, Book of Maccabees |
| Macrob. | Macrobius |
| Mart. Is. | Martyrdom of Isaiah |
| Mass. | Massoretic |
| Megill. | Megilla |
| Menach. | Menachoth (Talmud) |
| Mg. | Margin |
| Midr. | Midrash |
| N.H.W. | Neuhebräisches Wörterbuch |
| N.T. | New Testament |
| O.T. | Old Testament |
| Onk. | Onkelos, Targum of |
| Onom. Sacr. | Onomasticon Sacrum |
| Or. Sibyll. | Sibylline Oracles |
| Orph. Frag. | Orphic Fragment |
| P.E.F. | Palestine Exploration Fund |
| P.P. | Petrie Papyri |
| P.R. Eliezer | Pirke Rabbi Eliezer |
| P.R.E. | Real-Encyclopädie für protest. Theologie und Kirche |
| P.S.B.A. | Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology |
| Pesikt. | Pesikta |
| Ps. Clem. Recog. | Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions |
| Ps. Jon. | Targum Pseudo-Jonathan |
| Ps. of Sol. | Psalms of Solomon |
| R. | Rabbi |
| RE. | Real-Encyklopädie |
| R.E.J. | Revue des Études juives |
| Rel. des Jud. | Religion des Judenthums |
| Sam. | Samaritan |
| Sam. Chron. | Samaritan Chronology |
| Sanh. | Sanhedrin |
| Schürer, E.T. | Schürer's History of the Jewish People, English Translation |
| Sept. | Septuagint |
| Shabb. | Shabbath |
| Sir. | Sirach |
| Slav. Bar | See vol. ii. 131 |
| Slav. Vit. | Slavonic Vita Adae et Evae. See Books of Adam and Eve |
| Soph. | Sophocles |
| Stob. | Stobaeus |
| Symm. | Symmachus |
| Syncell. | Syncellus |
| Syr. | Syriac |
| Syr.H. | Hexaplaric Syriac |
| Syr. W. | Syriac Version in Walton's Polyglot |
| Sok. | Sokolov's Text of 2 Enoch |
| T.A. &c. | See under 'Testaments' in list of symbols prefixed to Index. |
| T.b. | Babylonian Talmud |
| Targ. Jer. | Jerusalem Targum |
| Targ. Jon. | Targum Pseudo-Jonathan |
| Th. Gram. | Thackeray, Grammar of Old Testament Greek |
| Theod. | Theodotion |
| Theoph. | Theophilus |
| Tebt. P. | Tebtuneh Papyrus |
| Tert. | Tertullian |
| Test. | Testament |
| Test. Sim. | See vol. ii. 153 |
| Test. XII Patr. | Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs |
| Tisch. | Tischendorf |
| Tob. | Tobit |
| V.L. or Vet.Lat. | Versio Vetus Latina, Old Latin Version |
| Vit. Ad. | Vita Adae |
| Vulg. | Vulgate |
| W.P. | Walton's Polyglot |
| Wellh. | Wellhausen |
| Wisd. | Book of Wisdom |
| Z.A.T.W. | Zeitschrift für die A. T. Wissensenschaft |
| Z.D.M.G. | Zeitschrift der Deutscheun Morgenländischen Gesellschaft |
| Z.N.T.W. | Zeitschrift für die N. T. Wissenschaft |
| Z.W.T. or Z.f.W.T. | Zeitschrift fur wiss. Theologie |
| | indicate an intrusion into the original text |
| †† | indicate that the word or passage so enclosed is corrupt |
| | or italics indicate that the word or words so enclosed or printed are supplied for the sake of clearness. |
| + | indicates that the authority or authorities quoted insert the word or words following this mark. |
| > | indicates that the authority or authorities quoted omit the word or words following this mark. |
| ‹› | indicate a restoration in the text. |
| Thick type | indicates an emendation in the text. |