OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hacket, George

​HACKET, GEORGE (d. 1756), Scotch poet. [See Halket.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hacket, John-Baptist

​HACKET, HACQUET, or HECQUET, JOHN-BAPTIST (d. 1676), theologian, born at Fethard, co. Tipperary, Ireland, was educated in the Dominican convent at Cashel, where he became a member of that order. As professor he subsequently taught with reputation at Milan, Naples, and Rome. He received the degree of master in theology from the general chapter of the Dominican order in 1644. His character and erudition, gained him the confidence of eminent dignitaries in Italy, and Cardinal Altieri, subsequently Pope Clement X, is said to have urged his promotion to the cardinalate. Intercourse with Hacket at Milan and Cremona was believed to have influenced Lord Philip Howard, afterwards cardinal, to enter the order of St. Dominic. Hacket passed the greater part of his life at Rome, and published there the following works: 1. 'Controversorium Theologicum,' folio, 1654. 2. 'Synopsis Theologica,' 4to, 1659. 3. 'Synopsis Philosophiæ,' 12mo, 1662. He died at the Minerva convent, Rome, on 23 Aug. 1676, and was interred in the convent church, in front of the altar of St. Dominic.
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hacket, James Thomas

​HACKET, JAMES THOMAS (1805?–1876), astrologer, born about 1805, was a native of the south of Ireland. In early life he practised as a surveyor. He also possessed respectable mathematical knowledge, which led him about 1826 to join the London Astrological Society, of which he became secretary. In 1836 he published 'The Student's Assistant in Astronomy and Astrology.… Also a Discourse on the Harmony of Phrenology, Astrology, and Physiognomy.' He became more devout as a Roman catholic and eschewed astrology. Latterly he was railway correspondent to the 'Times,' and had been for many years previously reporter on the staff of Herapath's 'Railway and Commercial Journal.' To it he contributed some valuable statistical tables, and John Herapath [q. v.], the mathematician, left him a legacy of 250l. He died suddenly in March 1876, aged 71.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hacket, Roger

​HACKET, ROGER (1559–1621), divine, son of Sir Cuthbert Hacket, lord mayor of London, was born in the parish of St. James, Garlick Hythe, London, obtained a scholarship at Winchester College in 1573, aged 14 (Kirby, Winchester Scholars, p. 145), and ​was scholar of New College, Oxford, in 1575-1576. He was elected fellow in 1577 (B.A. 1579, M.A. 1583, B.D. 1590, and D.D. 1596). He was 'cried up for an eminent preacher,' and became rector of North Crawley, Buckinghamshire, 7 April 1590. He was buried at North Crawley 16 Sept. 1621. By his will, dated 21 Aug. 1621, he left several books to New College, Oxford. A son of the same names matriculated at Hart Hall, Oxford, 24 Oct. 1617, aged 17.
Hacket, whose fame as a preacher was widespread, preached at St. Paul's Cross in 1591, and published that and many other sermons, all of which are now rare. Wood mentions five separately printed sermons: the first dated 1591, the second 1593, the third and fourth (both) 1607, the fifth without date. A reprint of that of 1593 (dated 1628) is in the Bodleian Library, which possesses none of the others. Hacket is not represented at all in the British Museum Library.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, ii. 317; Oxf. Univ. Reg. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.), ii. iii. 85, ii. 363; Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. viii. 310.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Habington, Edward

​HABINGTON, ABINGTON, or ABINGDON, EDWARD (1553?–1586), one of the conspirators in the plot formed by Anthony Babington [see Babington, Anthony], was eldest son of John Habington (1515-1581) of Hindlip, Worcestershire, by his wife Catherine, daughter of John Wykes. Thomas Habington [q. v.] was a younger brother. His father held the office of under-treasurer or 'cofferer' to Queen Elizabeth (Camden, Annales, ii. 476; Hist. MSS. Comm. 7th Rep. App. p. 637 a and b). Born about 1553, Edward was educated at Exeter College, Oxford, where he took his bachelor's degree in 1574 (Oxf. Univ. Reg., Oxf. Hist. Soc., ii. ii. 33, iii. 37). On leaving the university he spent much time at court. He there made the acquaintance of Anthony Babington, a catholic courtier, who early in 1586 was maturing, at the instigation of a Jesuit [see Ballard, John], a plan for a general rising of the catholics which should accomplish the murder of the queen and the liberation of Mary Stuart, at that time imprisoned at Chartley. Habington not only joined Babington's conspiracy with other young frequenters of the court, but was named one of the six conspirators charged with the contemplated murder of Elizabeth. In July 1586 the plot was discovered by Walsingham's spies [see Gifford, Gilbert]. Habington, found at the end of August in hiding near the residence of his family in Worcestershire, was thrown into the Tower. Brought with six others to trial on 15 Sept., he resolutely denied his guilt, and claimed to be confronted with two witnesses to his complicity, according to Edward VI's statute regulating trials for treason. But on the confession of other prisoners, and on the fragments of a confession written and subsequently torn up by himself while in prison, he was found guilty and condemned to death. On 20 Sept. 1586 he was hanged and quartered in St. Giles's Fields. In a speech from the scaffold he vehemently maintained his innocence (Camden, Annales, ii. 484).
[Nash's Worcestershire, i. 588 (pedigree); State Trials, i. 116-22; State Paper Cal. 1581-90, p. 354; Froude's Hist. of England, xii. 227-69; Lingard's Hist. vi. 209-10.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lovel, Philip

​LOVEL, PHILIP (d. 1259), treasurer and justice, was, according to Burke, second son of John Lovel of Minster Lovel, Oxfordshire, and Tichmarsh, Northamptonshire, third baron Lovel by tenure; his mother was Aliva, daughter of Alan Basset of Mursdewall, Surrey. Philip Lovel entered the service of Roger de Quency, earl of Winchester, who was lord of Galloway and constable of Scotland in right of his wife. He became the earl's steward in Galloway, and in this capacity won the friendship of Alexander II and his queen (Matt. Paris, v. 270). Afterwards he ​entered the royal service and was made justiciary of the Jews. In 1250, when he is styled ‘clericus et consiliarius regis,’ he took the cross, but did not go on the crusade. At Michaelmas next year Lovel was accused of taking bribes from Jews and others. He was disgraced and removed from his office, but eventually, on the payment of a fine of a thousand marks, and owing to the good services of John Mansel [q. v.] and Alexander III of Scotland, he recovered the royal favour, though not his office. On 27 Aug. 1252 Lovel was made treasurer by Mansel's advice (ib. v. 320; Madox, Exchequer, ii. 35, note c.) In 1255 he was justice itinerant at Stafford, in which capacity he acted with much harshness (cf. ‘Burton Annals’ in Ann. Mon. i. 357–9). In 1257 Henry III asked the monks of Coventry to elect Lovel as their bishop, but they refused. Lovel incurred much unpopularity as a royal officer during these years; he was nevertheless continued in his office after the parliament of Oxford in June 1258. A little later he was accused of taking undue advantage of his position in relation to the royal forests. He was consequently removed from office by the barons on 18 Oct., and was for a time imprisoned. After his release he retired to his rectory of Hameslepe or Hamestable. He also held the prebend of Cadington Major in St. Paul's Cathedral (Le Neve, Fasti, ii. 369). He died at Hamestable on 27 Dec. 1259, it was said through vexation at the king's refusal of reconciliation with him; Henry was probably not a free agent. Lovel had been sentenced to pay a heavy fine, and on his death his estates were seized. Before becoming a clerk Lovel had married the widow of Alexander de Arsic, by whom he had two sons: John, whose only daughter and heiress married Thomas de Botetourt, and Henry, a priest. The Dunstable annalist records that his convent made a settlement with Lovel and his son Henry as to certain tithes in 1254 (Ann. Mon. iii. 191). From Lovel's elder brother John were descended the Lovells, barons of Tichmarsh, and Francis, viscount Lovell [q. v.] Matthew Paris calls him ‘vafer et circumspectus.’
[Matt. Paris and Annales Monastici, in Rolls Series; Dugdale's Baronage, i. 558; Burke's Dormant and Extinct Peerages, p. 332.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Love, William Edward

​LOVE, WILLIAM EDWARD (1806–1867), polyphonist, son of a merchant in the city of London, was born in London 6 Feb. 1806, and was educated at Harlow in Essex and at Nelson House Academy, Wimbledon, Surrey. At the age of twelve, while still at school, he commenced imitating the noises occasioned by the action of machinery and inanimate objects, and soon proceeded to mimic the sounds made by musical instruments, beasts, birds, and insects. From about 1820 to 1826 he was connected with London journalism. In the latter year he appeared for a benefit in a solo entertainment, entitled ‘The False Alarm,’ and his success led him to become a public performer. He travelled in 1827 through parts of England and France; in 1828 he came out at the Fishamble Street Theatre, Dublin; and in June 1829 he produced ‘The Peregrinations of a Polyphonist,’ with which he visited the chief towns in England. In this, as in all his later entertainments, he was the sole performer; he represented various characters, making very rapid changes of dress while talking, singing, and displaying his remarkable powers of mimicry and ventriloquism. He went to Scotland in 1830, where he brought out ‘Love in a Labyrinth, or the Adventures of a Day,’ and in 1833 he opened at Oxford with a piece called ‘Ignes Fatui.’ In Lent 1834 he made his first appearance in London, and acted at the City of London Assembly Rooms, Bishopsgate Street, for several months. In September he went to France and had his entertainments translated, delivering one half in French and the other in English. In 1836 he appeared on alternate nights at the St. James's Theatre and in the City. In 1838 he visited the United States, the West Indies, and South America. Returning to England he played at the Strand Theatre, Almack's, Hanover Square Rooms, Store Street Music Hall, Philharmonic Rooms, Crosby Hall, and the Princess's Concert Rooms. On 26 Dec. 1854 he took possession of the Upper Hall, 69 Quadrant, Regent Street, London, where he produced the ‘London Season,’ which was very successful.
The names of other entertainments produced by Love were: ‘Love in all Shapes;’ ‘Love's Labour Lost;’ ‘A Voyage to Hamburg;’ ‘A Reminiscence of Bygone Times;’ ‘Love's Lucubrations;’ ‘Love's Mirror;’ ‘A Traveller's Reminiscences,’ by Charles Forrester; ‘A Christmas Party;’ ‘The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing,’ by H. Ball, and ‘Dinner at Five precisely.’ He played at the Regent Gallery on 8 Feb. 1856, the 300th consecutive night, and this was stated to be his 2,406th performance in London. In 1858 he was seized with permanent paralysis, when a benefit was organised for him at Sadler's Wells. He died at 33 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 16 March 1867.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Loveday, Robert

​LOVEDAY, ROBERT (fl. 1655), translator, came of an old family seated at Chediston, Suffolk. He studied at Cambridge, but did not matriculate on account of the civil war. During the Commonwealth he resided with Lady Clinton as an upper servant, and found time to acquire a good knowledge of French and Italian. He translated into English the first three parts of La Calprenède's romance of ‘Cleopatra,’ under the title of ‘Hymen's Præludia, or Love's Master-Piece,’ which appeared respectively in 1652, 1654, and 1655. Prefixed to part i., which, says Loveday, had long since ‘look'd upon the light, if I had not the sin to answer for of trusting a bookseller,’ are commendatory verses by Richard Brathwaite, James Howell, and others. In the complete version of the romance issued in 1665 and again in 1674, Loveday is credited with the translation of pts. iv–vi. After his death his brother Anthony edited a selection from his correspondence, with the title of ‘Loveday's Letters, Domestick and Forrein, to several persons, occasionally distributed in subjects Philosophicall, Historicall, & Morall,’ 8vo, London, 1659 (other editions, 1662, 1669, and 1673). The plan of the work was obviously suggested by Howell's popular ‘Letters.’ Prefixed is his portrait by Faithorne.
[Loveday's Works; Granger's Biog. Hist. of Eng. 2nd ed. iii. 123.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Loveday, Samuel

​LOVEDAY, SAMUEL (1619–1677), baptist minister, born in 1619, was son of William Loveday, and died on 15 Dec. 1677. He wrote: 1. ‘An Answer to the Lamentation of Cheapside Crosse; together with the reasons why so many doe desire the downfall of it, and all such Popish Reliques; also the downfall of Antichrist,’ 4to, London, 1642, in doggerel verse. 2. ‘The Hatred of Esau and the Love of Jacob unfoulded, being a brief and plain exposition of the 9 chapter of Pauls Epistle to the Romanes,’ 12mo, London, 1650. 3. ‘Personal Reprobation reprobated: being a plain exposition upon the nineth chapter to the Romans,’ 8vo, London, 1676, a different work from the above. He published also two sermons on Matthew xxv. and Revelation iii., and discourses on Isaiah iii.
[Loveday's Works; Elegy on his death in the Luttrell Collection, Brit. Mus.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hay, Edward

​HAY, EDWARD (1761?–1826), historiographer, member of a respectable catholic family of Wexford, was born at Ballinkeele in that county about 1761. He studied in France and Germany, and returning to Ireland took part in the public movements for effecting a relaxation of the penal laws against catholics. In 1791 he was appointed by the Wexford catholics to act as a member of the committee whose exertions led to the Catholic Relief Bill. Hay endeavoured at this period to suppress the disturbances in Wexford and to restore peace in the county, and was one of the delegates who, on behalf of the Irish catholics, presented an address to Lord Fitzwilliam, and laid a petition before George III at London in 1795. Edmund Burke in a letter in that year referred to him as a ‘zealous, spirited, and active young man.’ Hay also devised a project for obtaining a statistical enumeration of the population of Ireland. His plan received the commendation of Lord Fitzwilliam and Burke, as well as of Bishop Milner, but was not carried out. During the commotions in Wexford in 1798 Hay exerted himself in the cause of humanity. He was, however, arraigned on a charge of treason, and, although acquitted, suffered protracted imprisonment till he obtained his liberation through the interference of Lord Cornwallis. In 1803 he published at Dublin ‘History of the Insurrection of the County of Wexford, A.D. 1798, including an Account of Transactions preceding that event, with an Appendix,’ 8vo; reprinted at Dublin in 1842. To it he appended statements in contravention of allegations made against him by Sir Richard Musgrave in his book on Ireland. Hay subsequently acted as secretary to various associations for the emancipation of the Irish catholics. He was somewhat unjustly superseded as secretary to the catholic board in 1819, nominally for having without authority opened communication with a cabinet minister. In his latter years he was reduced to penury, suffered imprisonment for debt, and died in very necessitous circumstances at Dublin in 1826. An engraved portrait of Hay was twice published at Dublin.
[Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, 1790; Milner's Inquiry into Certain Vulgar Opinions, 1808; Correspondence of Edmund Burke, 1844; Madden's United Irishmen, 1860; Correspondence of Daniel O'Connell, London, 1888.]
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hay, Gilbert

​HAY, Sir GILBERT (fl. 1456), Scottish poet and translator, was in all likelihood of the noted family of Hays of Errol, hereditary constables of Scotland. He was probably the son of Sir William Hay of Locharret, and he may be the Gylbertus Hay mentioned among the Determinants or Bachelors of Arts in 1418 and the Masters of Arts in 1419 of St. Andrews University. Following a custom of the cadets in his time, Hay soon after this date went to France, where the influence of the Dauphiness Margaret, daughter of James I of Scotland, may have helped him to the position of chamberlain to Charles VII. He returned to Scotland soon after Margaret's death in 1445. It is not certain when he became a knight, but in introducing in 1456 his version of Bonnet's ‘Buke of Battailes,’ he calls himself ‘Gilbert of the Haye Knycht, Maister in Arte, and Bachilere in Decreis, Chaumerlayn vmquhile to the maist worthy King Charles of Fraunce.’
After his return to Scotland, Hay resided with the Earl of Caithness, at whose suggestion he translated from French the prose works that bear his name. He may have been related to the Caithness family by marriage. He was a witness to the testament of Alexander de Sutherland of Durnbethe, ‘made at Roslin, 14 Nov. 1456.’ The testator leaves Sir Gilbert the Haye his ‘sylar colar,’ with the injunction to say ten Psalters for his soul. (Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn, pp. 91–8.)
Hay's prose works were found in manuscript in the library of Sir Walter Scott after his death, and were edited by David Laing for the Abbotsford Club (1847). There are three treatises in all: 1. The monk Bonnet's ‘Buke of Battailes.’ 2. The anonymous ‘Le Livre de l'Ordre de Chevalerie,’ which Caxton also translated. Hay entitles his version ‘The Buke of the Order of Knyghthood.’ 3. ‘The Buke of the Governaunce of Princes,’ a translation of the spurious Aristotelian ‘Secretum Secretorum.’ These were all translated into expressive characteristic Scotch, ​and Laing prints the second in full, with illustrative specimens of the others. Hay's poetic work is a translation from the French into upwards of twenty thousand Scottish verses of ‘The Buke of the Conqueror Alexaunder the Great.’ The work is only extant in a manuscript at Taymouth Castle, which seems to have been written in 1493, after the translator's death. It has never been printed in full, but copious extracts were printed for the Bannatyne Club in 1834.
Hay's vigorous command of his native tongue insured him a measure of importance, and his ‘Buke of King Alexaunder’ has sufficiently distinctive merits to warrant allusion to the writer by Dunbar in his ‘Lament for the Makaris’ (before 1508) and by Sir David Lyndsay in the prologue to his ‘Papyngo.’
[Mackenzie's Lives and Characters of the most Eminent Writers of the Scots Nation, vol. iii.; Abbotsford Club and Bannatyne Club books, as above; Michel's Les Écossais en France, vol. i.]
T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hay, George (d.1758)

​HAY, GEORGE, seventh Earl of Kinnoull (d. 1758), was eldest son of Thomas Hay, sixth earl of Kinnoull. While Lord Dupplin he was elected M.P. for Fowey, Cornwall, in 1710, and was in the following year appointed one of the tellers of the exchequer. On 31 Dec. 1711 he was created a peer of Great Britain, with the title of Baron Hay of Pedwardine, Herefordshire, being one of twelve peers specially created by the tory administration of Harley and St. John to secure a majority in the House of Lords on the question of the Utrecht treaty. On 21 Sept. 1715, when the Jacobite rebellion broke out in Scotland, he was suspected of favouring the Pretender, and was placed under arrest in London, with the Earl of Jersey and Lord Lansdowne, but on 24 Jan. following was liberated on bail. He succeeded his father as seventh Earl of Kinnoull in 1719. In 1722 witnesses declared that Kinnoull was privy to the conspiracy of Richard Layer [q. v.], but a motion to examine the witnesses in the House of Lords was negatived. Kinnoull voted in favour of the motion. On 27 Feb. 1724 he was served heir to his father in the lands and barony of Keillor, including Eastern and Western Keillars, Strathevan, and Tulchan in Perthshire. On 24 Nov. 1729 he was served heir to his cousin James, viscount Strathallan, as heir of line special in the barony of Cardeny, chiefly in Perthshire, Balfron, Stirlingshire, and Kirklands of Kilmorith, Argyleshire.
In 1729 he was appointed British ambassador to Constantinople, where he remained till 1737. Two years after his return home he entered on a controversy with the Scottish ecclesiastical courts regarding the presentation of a minister to the parish of Madderty, Perthshire. The earl presented George Blaikie, who was so unacceptable to the parishioners that the presbytery refused to induct. The case was carried by appeal before the commission of the general assembly in Edinburgh, where the objecting parishioners were ably represented by Robert Hawley, weaver, and John Gray, mason. The commission asked Kinnoull to waive hac vice his right of presentation, but this he refused to do (August 1740), from fear of ‘weakening … the right of patronages, and of all those to whom they do by law belong.’ The court instructed the presbytery to induct Blaikie, but while the difficulty was still unsolved Blaikie accepted a call from a congregation in America.
Kinnoull died on 28 July 1758. He married Lady Abigail, daughter of Robert Harley, first earl of Oxford [q. v.] She died 15 July 1750. By her he had four sons and six daughters. His eldest son, Thomas, is separately noticed.
[Scots Magazine; Caledonian Mercury (1740); Records of the Church of Scotland; Register of Sasines in General Register House, Edinburgh; Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. Wood, ii. 48–49.]
J. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, John (1727-1779)

​MACDONALD, JOHN (1727–1779), Scottish catholic prelate, nephew, by his mother, to Bishop Hugh Macdonald [q. v.], was born in Argyllshire in 1727. He entered the Scots College at Rome in 1743, and was there ordained priest in 1752. Returning to Scotland in 1753, he officiated as missionary, first in Lochaber, and then in the island of South Uist. In January 1761 the Propaganda appointed him coadjutor to his uncle, and he was consecrated at Preshome on 27 Sept. of the same year to the see of Tiberiopolis (Strumitza), in partibus infidelium. On Bishop Hugh Macdonald's death in 1773, he succeeded him as vicar apostolic of the highland district of Scotland. He died on 9 May 1779, and was succeeded in the vicariate apostolic by Alexander Macdonald.
[Brady's Episcopal Succession, iii. 465; London and Dublin Weekly Orthodox Journal, 1837, iv. 84; Stothert's Catholic Mission in Scotland, pp. 12, 176.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, John (fl.1778)

​MACDONALD, JOHN (fl. 1778), gentleman's servant, born in 1741 in the parish of Urquhart, Inverness-shire, was son of a cattle-dealer, who, joining the rebels in 1745, was killed at Culloden, and left his family in beggary. After a youth spent in a variety of vagabond occupations, John showed an attractive personality, became a gentleman's servant, and soon achieved an unenviable notoriety as Beau Macdonald. In 1768, through the kind offices of a fellow-countryman, William Boyd, servant to David Hume, he obtained a place under a Colonel Dow, an mate friend of James Macpherson, with whom he spent several years at Bombay. He subsequently travelled over Europe and Asia with his employers until 177S, whom he married and settled down at Toledo. His 'Travels in Various Parts,' written by himself, published in London in 1790. According to this racy narrative, Macdonald, while in London with his master, Mr. Crawford of Errol. was sent to inquire after the health of Laurence Sterne, and found the novelist on his deathbed. He claims to have been among the first to walk in London with an umbrella.
[Macdonald's Travels, 1780.]
J. R. M.