OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Clarke, Hon. Fielding

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​Clarke, Hon. Fielding, LL.B., fourth son of the late Henry Booth Clarke, of London, was educated at London University, where he graduated LL.B. in 1877. He entered at the Middle Temple in Nov. 1872, was called to the bar in May 1876, and went the North-eastern Circuit. Mr. Clarke was Attorney-General of Fiji from 1881 to 1882; Acting Chief Justice and Chief Judicial Commissioner for the Western Pacific, from 1882 to 1883, and from 1884 to 1885, when he was permanently confirmed in the office. Mr. Clarke was appointed to his present position as Chief Justice, at Hong Kong, in 1892.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Chute, General Sir Trevor

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​Chute, General Sir Trevor, K.C.B., formerly Commander of the Forces in Australia and New Zealand, third son of the late Francis Chute, of Chute Hall, co. Kerry, by Mary Anne, daughter of Trevor Bomford, of Dublin, was born at Tralee, in 1816. He entered the army in 1831, became lieutenant in 1836, captain in 1839, major in 1847, lieut.-colonel in 1849, colonel in 1854, major-general in 1864, lieut.-general in 1872, and brevet-general in 1877. He served with the 70th Regiment in India for twelve years, and went through the Mutiny, being on May 24th, 1857, in charge of the force which occupied the fort of Hote Murdaw. From August 1858 to Jan. 1860 he commanded a brigade at Lucknow, and in Feb. 1861 embarked in command of the 70th Regiment for New Zealand. He served with his regiment during the Maori war, and in March 1863 was appointed brigadier in command of the Australian colonies. In 1865 he succeeded General Cameron in command of the forces in New Zealand, with the local rank of Brigadier-General. In the following year he conducted a campaign in the Wanganui district, capturing many pas, including Okatuku (Jan. 4th, 1866), Putahi (Jan. 7th), Otapawa (Jan. 13th), and Waikoko (Feb. 1st). The effect of this campaign was successfully to open up the road between Wanganui and Taranaki. It was during these operations that the shooting of a Maori prisoner of war by order of General Chute led to subsequent complications between the Governor (Sir George Grey) and the Colonial Office. Sir Trevor Chute, who was created K.C.B. in 1867, administered the government of New South Wales from the departure of Sir John Young (afterwards Lord Lisgar) to the arrival of the Earl of Belmore, Dec. 24th, 1867, to Jan. 7th, 1868, and left for England in 1870. General Chute was placed on the retired list in 1881. In 1868 he married Ellen, eldest daughter of Samuel Browning, of Epsom, Auckland, New Zealand. He died at Egmont, Bracknell, Berks, on March 12th, 1886.
# The Church of England, Its Catholicity and Continuity

The Church of England:
ITS CATHOLICITY AND CONTINUITY
Seven Lectures
by the
Rev. Herbert Pole
(M.A. Oxon; Assistant Curate of Bexley Heath)
London: Skeffington & Son, Piccadilly, W. Publishers to H.M. the Queen and to H.R.H the Prince of Wales 1899.
PREFACE.
These Lectures are printed at the request of many of those who heard them delivered, and they appear in the present form without having undergone any alteration. Their object is to bring before the public the significance of certain epochs in the history of the Church, and not to give a complete account of all the subjects with which they deal. It will be noticed that quotations are freely used where they support an opinion or strengthen an important point. So much is this the case that several of these Lectures may be looked upon merely as compilations.
The author must express indebtedness of the labours of the Rev. A. H. Hore. "The History of the Church of England" has furnished him with much of the material of the earlier Lectures, and "The Church in England from William III. to Victoria" has been closely followed in the Lecture dealing with the Oxford Movement.
The preface to this last work states that Mr. Hore offers his book to the public "as a contribution to the cause of Church Defence." I am glad to have this opportunity of expressing my gratitude for his labours, and I desire to assure him that they were not thrown away.
H.P.
    Bexley Heath.
CONTENTS.
LECTURE I.
PAGE
LECTURE II.
LECTURE III.
PAGE
LECTURE IV.
LECTURE V.
PAGE
LECTURE VI.
LECTURE VII.
PAGE
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1949, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 74 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Edwards, Worley Basset

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​Edwards, Worley Basset, son of Charles Scatcherd Wilson Edwards and Cornelia Allen (Waller), his wife, was born in London on Sept 5th, 1850, and went to Otago, N.Z., with his parents in 1856. Having embraced the practice of the law he gained a leading position in the profession, and was appointed a judge of the native land court, with the position of a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand, in 1890 by the Atkinson Government. When the Ballance Cabinet came into power in 1891, they disputed the appointment as ultra vires, but the New Zealand Court of Appeal decided ​that the nomination was valid. The case was carried to the Privy Council, and in May 1892 the Judicial Committee gave a decision adverse to the legality of the appointment, on the ground that Parliament had not previously been asked to provide Judge Edwards's salary. Mr. Edwards married at Wellington in June 1886 Miss Mary A. Cutten.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Dunne, Right Rev. John

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​Dunne, Right Rev. John, D.D., first Roman Catholic Bishop of Wilcannia, N.S.W. This was one of the new dioceses created in 1887, Dr. Dunne being consecrated the first Bishop on August 14th, 1887.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Eager, Hon. Geoffrey

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​Eager, Hon. Geoffrey, J. P., the son of Richard Eager, who came of a good Irish stock, was born in Sydney in 1818, and educated at Cape's school. He was appointed to the Legislative Council in 1859, and was Secretary for Public Works in Mr. Forster’s Ministry, from Oct. 1859 to March 1860. After resigning his seat in the Council he was elected for West Sydney in July 1863; and was Treasurer in Mr. (afterwards Sir) James Martin's first Ministry, from Oct. 1863 to Feb. 1865. In 1865 he was re-elected for West Sydney, and was Treasurer in the second Martin Ministry, from Jan. 1866 to Oct. 1868. He was appointed permanent Under Secretary to the Treasury in Feb. 1872, and retained the post till his death on Sept. 12th, 1891.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Ebden, Hon. Charles Hotson

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​Ebden, Hon. Charles Hotson, sometime Auditor-General and Treasurer of Victoria, was born in London in 1811, and when little more than twenty emigrated to New South Wales, where he took up pastoral country on the Murray and invested a large sum of money in stock and improvements. In 1836 he decided to explore the Port Phillip district in search of suitable sheep country. In the result he formed a station south of the Goulburn, in what is now Victoria, and later on at Carlsruhe. He formed the first crossing-place over the Murray at Albury, and the nine thousand sheep which he sent to Carlsruhe from his New South Wales station in March 1837 were the first sheep which came into Victoria overland. In July 1843 Mr. Ebden was returned at the head of the poll as one of the first four members sent by Port Phillip to the New South Wales Legislative Council, which was then the sole chamber, this election being the first for members of Parliament which ever took place in Australia. Mr. Ebden sat in the New South Wales Legislative Council ​for the full term of five years, but declined to offer himself for re-election in 1848, on the ground that the representation of Port Phillip at Sydney was a farce. Mr. Ebden was an active worker for separation from New South Wales, and having been in the meantime re-elected to the Legislative Council of New South Wales, he seconded the address in reply to the Governor's speech when, in March 1851, the Council was convened to arrange the preliminaries for conferring a distinct constitution on Victoria. After that was achieved later in the year, he was appointed Auditor-General of Victoria by Governor Latrobe in July. This post he held, together with a seat in the Legislative and Executive Councils, till Oct. 1852, when he resigned, and was succeeded by Mr. Childers, afterward Chancellor of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom. Mr. Ebden then revisited England, but returned to Victoria in 1855; and entering the Assembly, was Treasurer in the second Haines Ministry from April 1857 to March 1858. Mr. Ebden was chairman of the St. Kilda and Brighton Railway, but went back to England in 1860. There he resided for six years, when he again visited Victoria, and died at the Melbourne Club in Oct 1867.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Dunne, the Most Rev. Robert

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​Dunne, the Most Rev. Robert, D.D., Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane, was born near Clonmel, co. Tipperary, Ireland, in 1833. He received his preliminary education at the Grammar School at Lismore, and went thence to Rome, to pursue his ecclesiastical studies. He entered the Irish College in that city, and attended lectures at the Roman University. After a brilliant course he was ordained, in 1855, a priest for the Archdiocese of Dublin. Returning to Ireland, he was appointed a professor in the Seminary of St. Lawrence O’Toole, one of the colleges of the Catholic University of Dublin. The President of this Seminary, the late Bishop O'Quinn, was appointed, in 1859, the first Bishop of Brisbane, and soon afterwards, in 1863, Dr. Dunne went out to Queensland as a priest of the diocese of Brisbane. He officiated in Brisbane until 1868, when he was appointed parish priest of Toowoomba, which office he held until 1881, when he left on a visit to Europe. In 1869 he was created a Doctor of Divinity by a brief of Rome. He returned from Europe at the close of the year 1881, and found letters from Rome appointing him Bishop of the Roman Catholic see of Brisbane, then vacant by the death of Dr. O'Quinn. Dr. Dunne was consecrated Bishop of Brisbane, by the late Archbishop Vaughan, in St. Stephen's Cathedral, Brisbane, on June 18th, 1882, and was created Archbishop of Brisbane in 1887, by papal brief.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Edwards, Major-General Sir James Bevan

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​Edwards, Major-General Sir James Bevan, R.E., K.C.M.G., C.B., is the son of Samuel Price Edwards and Jane his wife, and was born on Nov. 5th, 1834, at Wimburn, Staffordshire. He married, in 1868, Alice Anne, only daughter of Ralph Brocklebank, of Childwall Hall, Lancashire. Sir Bevan, who entered the army in Dec. 1852, as second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, and became lieutenant in Feb. 1854, was ordered to the Crimea in the following year, and for his services in the demolition of Sebastopol docks received the British and Turkish medals. He served in India during the Mutiny, becoming captain in April 1859. For services at the siege and capture of Chandairee and Jhansi, the capture of Calpee, and actions at Betwa Koouch, Gowlowlee, and before Gwalior, he was mentioned in despatches, received the medal with clasp, and was appointed brevet-major in 1860. He served in China in 1864-5 with the late General Gordon, and received a gold medal from the Imperial Chinese Government. Sir Bevan became major in the Royal Engineers in 1872 brevet lieut.-colonel in 1871, lieut.-colonel in the Royal Engineers, brevet colonel and C.B. in 1877. He was employed in 1877, when war was imminent with Russia, on a confidential mission to the east end of the Mediterranean, on behalf of the War Office and Admiralty. In 1882 he was placed on half-pay, but was employed as colonel on the staff commanding the Royal Engineers in the Northern district from 1884 to 1885 in February of which year he went in the same capacity with the expeditionary force to the Soudan, where, for services at the actions at Hasheen and Tamai he was mentioned in despatches and received a medal with clasp. From 1885 to 1888 he was commandant of the School of Military Engineering; and having been promoted to major-general in 1887, commanded the troops in China from 1889 to 1890. It was whilst stationed at Hong Kong that General Edwards received instructions to proceed to Australia and inspect the military forces of the several Australian colonies. Arriving in July 1889, he visited each colony, and recommended a general federation of the local forces for defence purposes, his suggestions forming the basis of Sir Henry Parkes' subsequent action in favour of the political federation of the Australasian group. In addition General Edwards furnished separate reports on the defences of each colony and received the special thanks of the Secretary of State for the Colonies for his valuable services. General Edward returned to England in 1890, and was created K.C.M.G. on New Year's Day 1891.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Dutton, Hon. Charles Boydell

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​Dutton, Hon. Charles Boydell, J. P., was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland and Secretary for Lands from Nov. 1883 to August 1887; Secretary for Works and Mines from the latter date till Dec. 1887; and from that date till June 1888 Secretary for Railways in the first Griffith Government. At the general election in 1888 Mr. Dutton was an unsuccessful candidate for the Leichardt district. Mr. Dutton, who embraced Henry George's land nationalisation theories, and endeavoured as Secretary for Lands to give some approximate effect to them in legislation, is now a squatter in New South Wales.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Egan, Hon. Daniel

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​Egan, Hon. Daniel, M.L.A., was born at Windsor, New South Wales, in 1803, and was foreman of the dockyards of Sydney until the establishment was broken up, when he engaged in mercantile pursuits, He was an alderman of the city of Sydney, and Mayor in 1853. Mr. Egan was elected to the Legislative Council in 1854, and in 1856 was returned to the first Legislative Assembly elected under responsible government, as member for Monaro. In 1861 he was elected for Eden, but was rejected by this constituency in 1869, and again returned for Monaro in the same year. He was Postmaster-General in the Robertson and Cowper Ministries from Oct. 1868 until his death on Oct. 16th, 1870.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Dutton, Francis Stacker

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​Dutton, Francis Stacker, C.M.G., F.R.G.S., sometime Agent-General for South Australia, was the son of Henry Hampden Dutton, British consul at Cuxhaven, on the Elbe, and was born at Cuxhaven in 1816, and educated at Hofwyl, near Berne, Switzerland. From his seventeenth to his twenty-second year he was employed as a mercantile clerk in Brazil and Rio Janeiro. In 1839 he joined his elder brothers, William Pelham and Frederick Hansborough, in New South Wales. The former temporarily resided in Portland Bay, when engaged in sealing, from 1828 to 1838; and thus disputed with the Hentys the honour of having formed the first permanent settlement in the Port Phillip district. The other brother, Mr. F. H. Dutton, went largely into squatting ​pursuits in South Australia, and died in London in 1890, possessed of the famous Anlaby estate in that colony, and of personalty amounting to several hundred thousand pounds. The subject of this notice engaged in commercial pursuits in Victoria for two years; and in 1841 settled in South Australia, where his brother Frederick had preceded him. In 1843, when acting as overseer to the late Captain Bagot, he discovered the Kapunda Copper Mine, and in 1845 visited England, when he sold his interest in the mine to the East India firm of Cockerall, Larpert & Co., who made arrangements for working it. Mr. Dutton was a member of the mixed Legislative Council from 1851 to 1857, and of the Legislative Assembly from 1857 to 1865. He was Commissioner of Crown Lands and Immigration in the Hanson Ministry, from Sept. 1857 to June 1859, and in the Ministry of which he himself was Premier in July 1863. He formed his second Administration in March 1865, and remained in office till the following September, when he became Agent-General for South Australia in the United Kingdom. Mr. Dutton, who was an Associate of the Institute of Civil Engineers, and was created C.M.G. in Nov. 1872, died in London on Jan. 25th, 1877, whilst still occupying the position of Agent-General. He was the author of "South Australia and its Mines" (1846).
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Eaton, Henry Francis

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​Eaton, Henry Francis, J.P., Under-Treasurer, Victoria, son of William Eaton and Esther (Haseldine) his wife, was born at East Bridgeford, Nottingham-shire, on Sept. 16th, 1831. He emigrated to Victoria with a view of going to the gold diggings, but sixteen days after his arrival in Jan. 1853, was appointed clerk in the office of the Colonial Storekeeper, Melbourne. Mr. Eaton was transferred to the Civil Commissariat in Feb. 1854, and inspected the accounts of the department at all the principal goldfields. He was appointed Accountant of the Government Stores in Feb. 1855, transferred to the Treasury in March 1865, appointed Accountant to the Treasury on Feb. 1st, 1887, and Under-Treasurer of Victoria (permanent head of the Treasury) on Sept. 10th, 1889, which office he still holds. Mr. Eaton is Chairman of the Police Superannuation Board, a Justice of the Peace, and a captain (retired) Victorian Volunteer Artillery. He married at St. Paul's Church, Kyneton, Victoria, on Jan. 17th, 1860, Miss Elizabeth Davy.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Albany Congress

Edition of 1920. See also Albany Congress on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
ALBANY CONGRESS, an assembly of representatives of the seven northern British-American colonies (Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania and Maryland), called together in 1754 by the British government to consult in regard to the threatening French war. It met 19 June, and two plans were proposed: (1) A league with the Five Nations, which was carried out; (2) a proposal offered by Franklin for a political union. In this a common president was proposed, and a great council representing the different colonies. The president was to be appointed by the Crown; to be also commander-in-chief, to commission all civil officers and appoint all military ones and have a veto on the council. The council was to consist of three-year members, two to seven from each colony; not to be adjourned or dissolved or kept over six weeks in session against its will; it could lay taxes, maintain troops, build forts, nominate civil officers, manage Indian affairs and authorize new settlements; and its acts were to be valid unless vetoed within three years by the Crown. This plan was rejected by the British Crown because it gave too much power to the colonies and by the colonies because it gave too much power to the Crown. The significance of this congress lies in the fact that it stimulated the union of the colonies which was afterward accomplished.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Alcott, May

Edition of 1920. See also Abigail May Alcott Nieriker on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
ALCOTT, May (Mme. Ernest Nieriken), American artist, daughter of A. B. Alcott: b. Concord, Mass., 1840; d. 1879. She studied at
the Boston School of Design, and under Krug, Rimmer, Hunt, Vautier, Johnston and Müller. Thenceforward she lived variously in Boston, London and Paris; after marriage chiefly in the last. She did good work in still-life painting, both oil and water-color, and copied Turner so ably that Ruskin had some of the work adopted for models at the South Kensington schools. She published ‘Concord Sketches,’ with a preface by her sister (1869); ‘Art Studying Abroad’ (1879).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Alexandrian Library

Edition of 1920. See also Library of Alexandria on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
ALEXANDRIAN LIBRARY, a remarkable collection of books, the largest of the ancient world, was founded by the first Ptolemy and fostered by his son. It quickly grew and, already in the time of the first Ptolemy, Demetrius Phalereus had 50,000 volumes or rolls under his care. During its most flourishing period, under the direction of Zenodotus, Aristarchus of Byzantium, Callimachus, Apollonius Rhodius and others, it is said to have contained 490,000, or, according to another authority, including all duplicates, as many as 700,000 volumes. The greater part of this library, which embraced the collected literature of Rome, Greece, India and Egypt, was contained in the famous museum, in the quarter of Alexandria called the Brucheion. During the siege of Alexandria by Julius Cæsar this part of the library was destroyed by fire; but it was afterward replaced by the collection of Pergamos, which was presented to Cleopatra by Mark Antony. The other part of the library was
kept in the Serapeum, the temple of Jupiter Serapis, where it remained till the time of Theodosius the Great When this emperor permitted all the heathen temples in the Roman empire to be destroyed, the magnificent temple of Jupiter Serapis was not spared. A mob of fanatic Christians, led on by the Archbishop Theophilus, stormed and destroyed the temple, together, it is most likely, with the greater part of its literary treasures, in 391 A.D. It was at this time that the destruction of the library was begun, and not at the taking of Alexandria by the Arabs under the Caliph Omar, in 641. There are strong reasons for believing that no library then existed there. Consult Petit-Radel, ‘Recherches sur les Bibliothèques Anciennes et Modernes’ (1819); Ritschl, ‘Die Alexandrinische Bibtiothek’ (1838); Weniger, ‘Das Alexandrinische Museum’ (1875).