# Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society/Volume 1/Meteorological Returns, 1877
## METEOROLOGICAL RETURNS, 1877

ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1877. SINGAPORE LAT 1º 17’ N. LONG. 103º 51’ E.
| Months | Barometrical Readings Corrected and Reduced to 32º F. | Barometrical Readings Corrected and Reduced to 32º F. | Barometrical Readings Corrected and Reduced to 32º F. | Barometrical Readings Corrected and Reduced to 32º F. | Barometrical Readings Corrected and Reduced to 32º F. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Hygrometer. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Self Registering Thermometers. | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Rainfall in 24 Hours (Gauge 2 feet from the ground.) | Mean direction of the Wind. |
| | 9 a.m. | 3 p.m. | 9 p.m. | Diurnal range. | Means. | 9 a.m. | 9 a.m. | 3 p.m. | 3 p.m. | 9 p.m. | 9 p.m. | Means. | Means. | Maximum in Sun's rays (in vacuo.) | Minimum on Grass | Maximum in Shade. | Minimum in Shade. | Diurnal range. | Approximate Temperature. | F.&O. Co.'s Depot New Harbour. | General Hospital Sepoy Lines | Jail Hospital Brass Basah Road. | Hospital Kandang Kerbau. | Pauper Hospital Serangoon Road. | Mount Pleasant Thompson Road. | Water Works Reservoir Thompson Road. | Mean Rainfall. | |
| | | | | | | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | ºF | | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches | Inches |
| January | 29.984 | 29.934 | 29.967 | .081 | 29.952 | 80.7 | 75.4 | 83.1 | 75.9 | 75.5 | 73.4 | 79.8 | 74.9 | 151.0 | 96.8 | 86.8 | 70.6 | 15.2 | 78.2 | 3.30 | 4.03 | 2.81 | 3.08 | 2.21 | 2.45 | 2.35 | 2.89 | N. E. |
| February | .981 | .884 | .946 | .089 | .937 | 81.1 | 75.9 | 83.8 | 77.2 | 75.9 | 74.1 | 80.3 | 75.7 | 150.0 | 66.2 | 86.9 | 70.9 | 18.0 | 78.9 | 2.78 | 5.54 | 7.04 | 7.38 | 6.29 | 5.94 | 5.21 | (illegible text).74 | N. E. |
| March | .952 | .843 | .915 | .109 | .903 | 82.3 | 76.3 | 84.7 | 77.7 | 76.9 | 74.9 | 81.3 | 76.3 | 153.7 | 88.6 | 87.8 | 72.1 | 15.5 | 79.9 | 1.89 | 4.51 | 4.78 | 5.10 | 4.32 | 7.17 | 7.3 | 5.01 | N. E. Morning & Evening S. E. & S. W. during the day. |
| April | .915 | .806 | .896 | .109 | .869 | 84.9 | 78.6 | 87.5 | 78.8 | 79.0 | 76.7 | 83.8 | 78.0 | 164.0 | 69.2 | 89.5 | 73.3 | 16.2 | 81.4 | 1.08 | 1.15 | 1.80 | 2.12 | 1.10 | 0.49 | 1.55 | 1.37 | N. E. Morning & Evening S. E. & S. W. during the day.do. |
| May | .893 | .800 | .875 | .096 | .856 | 84.7 | 79.2 | 86.6 | 79.4 | 80.6 | 78.2 | 84.0 | 78.9 | 151.9 | 71.3 | 89.2 | 75.3 | 13.9 | 82.2 | 0.97 | 4.83 | 3.60 | 4.42 | 4.23 | 5.20 | 5.09 | 4.05 | S. E. & S. W. |
| June | .938 | .849 | .913 | .090 | .900 | 81.9 | 77.6 | 84.0 | 78.1 | 79.3 | 76.1 | 81.8 | 77.5 | 142.0 | 70.0 | 88.0 | 74.2 | 11.8 | 80.1 | 1.04 | 13.63 | 13.53 | 13.10 | 12.31 | 13.26 | 13.41 | 11.47 | S. E. & S. W.do. |
| July | .936 | .859 | .913 | .078 | .903 | 82.0 | 77.8 | 83.7 | 77.7 | 80.0 | 77.0 | 81.0 | 77.5 | 149.0 | 70.6 | 86.0 | 74.8 | 11.2 | 80.4 | 1.20 | 5.78 | 7.21 | 7.72 | 6.82 | 0.68 | (illegible text).51 | 5.70 | S. E. & S. W.do. |
| August | .951 | .855 | .914 | .096 | .917 | 83.3 | 77.9 | 86.0 | 77.5 | 80.7 | 76.5 | 83.3 | 77.3 | 150.0 | 72.7 | 87.6 | 76.4 | 11.2 | 82.0 | 4.14 | 3.73 | 4.78 | 4.05 | 3.94 | 4.35 | 3.03 | 3.0 | S. E. & S. W.do. |
| September | .958 | .834 | .934 | .106 | .915 | 84.1 | 78.1 | 85.9 | 77.5 | 79.9 | 76.3 | 83.3 | 77.3 | 152.0 | 71.0 | 88.5 | 74.3 | 14.2 | 81.4 | 3.83 | 2.12 | 3.27 | 3.54 | 2.17 | 2.05 | 2.21 | 2.74 | S. E. & S. W.do. |
| October | .959 | .855 | .937 | .104 | .917 | 84.9 | 78.3 | 85.8 | 78.0 | 79.3 | 74.2 | 83.3 | 76.8 | 155.0 | 70.1 | 89.6 | 74.1 | 15.5 | 81.8 | 3.08 | 2.21 | 1.68 | 1.23 | 1.37 | 2.06 | 2.97 | 2.09 | S. E. & S. W.do. |
| November | .940 | .833 | .928 | .108 | .901 | 83.9 | 78.1 | 84.7 | 77.8 | 77.1 | 75.9 | 81.9 | 77.2 | 156.5 | 71.0 | 89.5 | 74.1 | 15.4 | 81.8 | 4.18 | 3.91 | 5.21 | 5.52 | 4.23 | 6.82 | 6.85 | 5.24 | N. W. and N. E. |
| December | .912 | .899 | .890 | .103 | .870 | 83.2 | 77.9 | 83.8 | 78.2 | 77.8 | 76.4 | 81.6 | 77.5 | 155.8 | 72.3 | 88.5 | 74.3 | 14.2 | 81.4 | 5.24 | 4.49 | 5.48 | 7.56 | 9.20 | 10.77 | 13.64 | 8.07 | N. E. |
| Means | 29.943 | 29.846 | 29.918 | .697 | 29.903 | 83.1 | 77.6 | 84.9 | 77.8 | 78.5 | 75.8 | 82.1 | 77.0 | 151.7 | 70. | 87.9 | 73.7 | 14.2 | 80.8 | 32.71 | 55.93 | 61.19 | 65.14 | 58.28 | 61.24 | 74.14 | 58.37 | |
    Highest reading of Barometer during the year 30.084 inches
    Lowest reading of Barometerdo. during the yeardo. 20.769
    Highest Temperature Observed 92.5º
    Lowest Temperaturedo. Observeddo. 66.
Singapore, 1st January, 1878.
T. IRVINE ROWELL, M.D.
    Principal Civil Medical Officer S. S.
* ↑ Total Annual registered rainfall.