OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anecdotes of Great Musicians/Anecdote 129

129.—VIOTTI'S TIN FIDDLE.
Had the world not had a Viotti it might not have produced a Paganini. Viotti fixed the principles of violin playing, especially with regard to the bowing. His playing was characterized by " a great nobility, breadth, and beauty of tone, united with a fire and agility unknown before his time." On his work was based Paganini's brilliant and dazzling technic.
While Viotti was noted for his independence of bearing, he was also a kind-hearted man and a pleasant and companionable gentleman. It is related of him that, strolling on the Champs Elysees one night with a friend, they came across a blind old man making music on some instrument that seemed by its tone to be a cross between a fiddle and a clarinet. Having their curiosity excited by the strange sound, they found the old fellow using a fiddle made of tin. On inquiring of him as to his instrument, they learned that he was miserably poor and did not have money enough to buy an ordinary violin, so his nephew, a tinker by trade, had made him this one of tin.
Viotti offered to buy this queer violin, but the old man declined to part with it until he was promised enough to buy a new one. Then Viotti took up this queer instrument and played on it in his inimitable way; his friend passed the hat and secured a good sum for its former owner. When the old man heard such wonderful music come from the tin fiddle he declared that he ​did not know it was so good, but since it was capable of such grand music he ought to have had double the amount he had received for it.
Viotti good-naturedly let him have his way and paid him twice the price agreed upon. After the master's death in London, when his instruments and effects were disposed of, this tin fiddle was sold for but a few shillings to an amateur lover of curiosities.
# Anecdotes of Great Musicians/Anecdote 13

13.—A SUDDEN CURE.
He who undertakes to manage an opera troupe chooses a road beset by thorns. Opera singers, especially if their salaries be high and they feel they can afford to ​follow their own sweet wills, generally do about the exact opposite of what a sensible person would predict. The manager must be ready for any emergency and be surprised at nothing.
Some years ago when Mme. Gerster was billed to sing in St. Louis, she suddenly sent word to the manager that she was ill and unable to sing her part in "Lucia," which must be given that evening. He suspected the indisposition to be not very serious, but requested a medical certificate to put before the public to satisfy them for the non-appearance of the songstress. Gerster declined to be seen by a physician, saying her word was as good as her bond, and that when she said she was ill, that settled it.
The manager insisted upon calling in a physician, who asked to see her tongue. So, as she was leaving the room, she derisively stuck out her tongue at him, with the exclamation, "There!" The doctor at once wrote out a certificate, saying that the epiglottis was irritated, the uvula contracted, and the tonsils inflamed.
When Gerster was shown this certificate she grew quite angry, and insisted upon singing that night, "just to show what an ass that doctor was."
All the same, the doctor sent in his bill for $60.
# Anecdotes of Great Musicians/Anecdote 132

132.—GALLANT HAYDN.
When in London, Haydn once visited the studio of that celebrated portrait painter, Sir Joshua Reynolds. He there saw a picture of Mrs. Billington, one of the best known singers of her day. Reynolds had represented her listening to the song of the angels. On being asked for his opinion of the painting, Haydn remarked: "Yes, it is a beautiful picture; it is just like her; but there is one strange mistake."
"A mistake! How is that?" exclaimed Reynolds, who could hardly believe his ears.
"Why," said the gallant composer, "you have made Mrs. Billington listening to the angels, when you ought to have painted the angels as listening to her!"
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/tief

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry tief. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ tief, adjective, ‘deep, profound, low,’ from the equivalent Middle High German tief, Old High German tiof; corresponding to Old Saxon diop, Dutch diep, Anglo-Saxon deóp, English deep (depth and to dip), Old Icelandic djópr, and Gothic diups, ‘deep.’ The common Teutonic adjective diupa-, of which Modern High German taufen is a factitive, belongs to a Teutonic root dū̆p, the variant of which, dū̆b, appears in Anglo-Saxon dŷfan, English to dive (see Taube), as well as in English dub. Compare Welsh dwfn, Old Irish fudomain, Lithuanian dubùs, ‘deep, hollow,’ Old Slovenian duplĭ, ‘hollow’ (see Tobel), from an Aryan root dhub, dhup. For a nasalised Teutonic root dump, see Tümpel.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/toben

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry toben. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ toben, verb, ‘to fume, rage, bluster,’ from the equivalent Middle High German toben, Old High German tôbên (tobôn), weak verb; corresponding to the equivalent Anglo-Saxon dofian, ‘delirare’ (gedof, ‘fury, rage, madness’). Based on the Teutonic root dub, ‘to be mentally confused, to be deafened,’ from which taub and dumm are also derived. Whether we have to assume on account of Old High German tûfar, tûbar, ‘silly, foolish,’ an Aryan root dhū̆p, dhū̆q, is dubious; perhaps Lithuanian dúkti, ‘to grow mad,’ dúkis, ‘fury, madness,’ are primitively allied to the cognates of toben.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/torkeln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry torkeln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ torkeln, verb, ‘to reel, stagger,’ from the equivalent Middle High German torkeln; intensive of Middle High German turc (k), masculine, ‘reeling, downfall.’ Early history obscure.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/thöricht

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry thöricht. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ thöricht, adjective, ‘foolish, silly,’ from the equivalent Middle High German tôrëht, tœreht (also tœrisch, tœrsch). —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/tilgen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry tilgen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ tilgen, verb, ‘to extinguish, erase, eradicate,’ from Middle High German tîlgen (tîligen), Old High German tîligon, and also tîlôn, weak verb, ‘to exterminate, extirpate.’ Compare Old Saxon far-dîligôn, Dutch delgen, Anglo-Saxon â-dîlgian, ‘to extirpate.’ It is remarkable that the word was borrowed from Latin dêlêre, considering its wide diffusion in the West Teutonic languages (we should also have expected *tialên in Old High German).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/todt

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry todt. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ todt, see tot.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/toll

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry toll. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ toll, adjective, ‘mad, frantic, absurd,’ from Middle High German and Old High German tol (with one l), adjective, ‘foolish, absurd,’ to which Old High German tulisc, ‘foolish,’ is allied. Compare Old Saxon, Dutch, and Anglo-Saxon dol, ‘foolish,’ English dull. The Teutonic root dul contained in these words has a variant dwal, which has been preserved in Gothic dwals, foolish, Anglo-Saxon gedwëlan, ‘to err,’ Old High German gitwola, ‘infatuation, delusion, heresy,’ Old Saxon dwalm, ‘infatuation, delusion.’ An Aryan root dhwel, dhul, ‘to be infatuated, deluded,’ is also attested by Sanscrit dhvṛ, dhûr (dhru), ‘to deceive, cheat, injure.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/tot

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry tot. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ tot, adjective, ‘dead,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German tôt (Old High German also tôd); corresponding to the equivalent Gothic dauþs, Anglo-Saxon deád, English dead, Dutch dood, Old Saxon dôd. Teutonic dau-do- (dauþo-), contained in these words, is properly a participle (compare falt, laut, traut) of the Teutonic strong verbal root dā̆u, ‘to die,’ mentioned under Tod. — Derivative töten, factitive verb, ‘to put to death,’ from the equivalent Middle High German taten (tœden), Old High German tôten (tôden). Compare Gothic dauþjan.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/tosen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry tosen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ tosen, verb, ‘to rage, storm,’ from the equivalent Middle High German dôsen, Old High German dôsôn. Based on a Teutonic root þus (by gradation þaus), from which Old Icelandic þyss, þausn, ‘tumult,’ is also derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/traben

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry traben. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ traben, verb, ‘to trot, jog,’ from Middle High German draben (draven), weak verb, ‘to walk or ride at an even, rapid pace’; corresponding to Dutch draven. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leiste

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leiste | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leiste (1.), f., ‘list, border, selvage,’ from MidHG. lîste, OHG. lîsta, f., ‘long strip, edge, lace, list’; comp. AS. lîst, f., E. list; Ic. lísta (lĭsta?), f., ‘border, strip’; in the non-Teut. languages there are no cognates. Note, however, the words borrowed in Rom. Ital. lista, Fr. liste, ‘strip, lace.’
Leiste (2.), f., ‘groin,’ ModHG. only, probably not connected with the preceding word, but with Goth. *laistô, f. The latter is indicated also by E. last (dial.), ‘groin.’ The equiv. AS. leósca, MidE. lêske, ModDu. liesche, OSwed. liuske, Dan. lŷske, diverge too widely in sound from the HG. form; the attempt to connect it with MidLat. laisius, ‘lap’ (Lex Salica), is also dubious.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leisten

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leisten | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leisten, Leiste, m., from the equiv. MidHG. leist, m., ‘last’; OHG. leist (n.?), ‘forma.’ Corresponding to AS. lâst, lœ̂st, m., ‘footprint, track, forma,’ E. last, Goth. laists, m., ‘track, goal,’ with the facts mentioned under leisten, indicate that ‘footprint’ is the orig. meaning of the HG. and E. words; this is probably an important fact in the history of the word. It is true that OIc. leistr, m., signifies ‘foot,’ and ‘short stocking, sock.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leiter

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leiter | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leiter, f., from the equiv. MidHG. leiter, leitere, OHG. leitara (earlier *hleitir), f., ‘ladder.’ It corresponds to Du. ladder, leer, AS. hlœ̂dder, hlœ̂der, f., E. ladder; the Goth. term *hlai-dri (gen. -drjôs), f., ‘ladder,’ with a fem. suffix identical with Gr. -τρια, is wanting; *hlaí-dri is based on the hlī̆ (pre-Teut. klī̆) discussed under lehnen, and in Gr. κλῖ-μαξ this root has a meaning corresponding to that of the West Teut. word; Leiter is as it were ‘that which slants or leans.’ Scand. hleiðr, ‘tent,’ may be connected with the equiv. Goth. hleiþra, f., and Gr. κλισία. Comp. Lehne, lehnen, and Leite.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Lerche

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lerche | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lerche, f., ‘lark,’ from the equiv. MidHG. lē̆rche, from lêreche, lêwreche, OHG. lêrahha, f.; it is shown by the equiv. Du. leeuwerik, AS. lâwrice, lœ̂werce, lâwerce, E. lark, Scotch laverock, OSwed. lœrikia, as well as the MidHG. variants lêwerich, lêwerech, lêwerch, that a fuller form would have been *lêwarahha in OHG. The Goth. form cannot be determined with any certainty, nor can we say definitely whether the OHG. and AS. words are compounds or simply unusual derivatives,
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leinwand

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leinwand | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leinwand, f., is a ModHG. corruption of MidHG. lînwât, f., ‘linen,’ connecting it with HG. Gewand. The old wât (OHG. and MidHG.) has become obsolete in ModHG.; like AS. wœ̂d, ‘garment,’ it is allied to a lost Aryan root, wê, ‘to weave.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leite

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leite | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leite, f., from the equiv. MidHG. lîte, f., ‘mountain, slope, declivity,’ OHG. lîta, from an earlier *hlîta, f. (Goth. *hleida, f.). The Teut. root hlî is discussed more fully under lehnen, where also the allied terms signifying ‘hill’ may be compared.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Lende

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lende | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lende, f., ‘loins,’ from the equiv. MidHG. lęnde, OHG. lęntin, f.; corresponding to Du. lende, AS. lęnden, f. (in the plur. lęndenu, m.); OIc. lend, Dan. lynd, ‘loins’ (allied to Ic. lundir, ‘sirloin, saddle of mutton’?); in Goth. perhaps *landini, f. In case the b of Lat. lumbus, ‘loins,’ represented Aryan dh, or rather dhw (for Lat. barba, representing bhardhâ, see Bart, and Lat. ruber, representing Aryan rudhros, ἐρυθρός, see rot), HG. Lende might be compared with it. The prim. form lndhwî- is also indicated by OSlov. lędvija, f., ‘loins, kidney.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Lenz

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lenz | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lenz, m. (Bav. längess, längsing, Swiss langsi), from the equiv. MidHG. lęnze, m. and f., ‘spring’ (from the variants langeȥ, langeȥe); OHG. lęnzo, lęnzī̆n, langiȥ, m.; the loss of the g is normal, as in Bliß and Runzel. Comp. Du. lente, AS. lęncten, m., ‘spring,’ E. Lent. This West Teut. word was probably the term for spring, and Tacitus in the Germania seems to have a dim idea that it was used by the Teutons (OIc. vár, MidE. and Scotch wêr, North Fris. ûrs, wos, represent the North Teut. term primit. allied to Lat. vêr, Gr. ἔαρ, Sans. vasar); for the other observations of Tacitus on the OTeut. divisions of time, comp. Herbst (also Frühling, which has supplanted the old word Lenz in most of the modern dials. of Upper Germany; see an old Aryan term for Lenz under Jahr). The word is peculiar to Teut.; it has not been authenticated in the non-Teut. languages; its prim. meaning is therefore dubious. Some etymologists, misled simply by the similarity of sound, have connected Lenz with lang (Goth. laggs), and opined that it was so named from the lengthening of the days; such a derivation is at all events uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Letten

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Letten | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Letten, m. ‘(potter's) clay,’ from MidHG. lëtte, OHG. lëtto, m., ‘loam’ (ë is due to the Bav. and Alem. dials.); to this is probably allied the Ic. graded form leþja, ., ‘loam, dirt.’ It is connected by some etymologists with Lat. lŭtum, n., ‘mud, dirt,’ and by others, less probably, with OPruss. laydis, ‘loam,’ whose diphthong, compared with the a of the Teut. word, presents a difficulty.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Leis

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Leis | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Leis, m., ‘canticle,’ borrowed from MidHG. and early ModHG. leis, leise, m., ‘spiritual song,’ shortened from kĭrléise. Kyrie eleison was the refrain of hymns.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistles of Pope Callistus/To All the Bishops of Gaul/Chapter 1

I.
(Of those who conspire against bishops, or who take part with such.)
Now we have heard that the crime of conspiracies prevails in your parts, and it has been shown us that the people are conspiring against their bishops; of which crime the craft is hateful, not only among Christians, but even among the heathen, and it is forbidden by foreign laws. And therefore the laws not only of the Church, but of the world, condemn those who are guilty of this crime; and not only those indeed who actually conspire, but those also who take part with such. Our predecessors, moreover, together with a very numerous body of bishops, ordained that any guilty of this offence among those who are set in the honour of the priesthood, and who belong to the clergy, should be deprived of the honour which they enjoy; and they ordered that others should be cut off from communion, and expelled from the Church; and they decreed, at the same time, that all men of both orders should be infamous (infames); and that, too, not only for those who did the deed, but for those also who took part with such. For it is but equitable that those who despise the divine mandates, and prove themselves disobedient to the ordinances of the fathers, should be chastised with severer penalties, in order that others may fear to do such things, and that all may rejoice in brotherly concord, and all take to themselves the example of severity and goodness. For if (which may God forbid) we neglect the care of the Church, and are regardless of its strength, our slothfulness will destroy discipline, and injury will be done assuredly to the souls of the faithful.  Such persons, moreover, are not to be admitted to accuse any one:  neither can their voice, nor that of those who are under the ban, injure or criminate any man.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Comp. Rom. i. 32.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistle of Pope Urban First/Preface

The Epistle of Pope Urban First.
To All Christians.
Of the church’s receiving only the property of the faithful, and not the price of the same, as in the times of the apostles; and as to why elevated seats should be prepared in the churches for the bishops; and as to the fact that no one should have intercourse with those whom the bishops excommunicate, and that no one should receive those whom they have cast out in any manner whatever.
Urban, bishop, to all Christians, in sanctification of the spirit, in obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ our Lord, greeting.
It becomes all Christians, most dearly beloved, to imitate Him whose name they have received. “What doth it profit, my brethren,” says the Apostle James, “though a man say he hath faith, and have not works?” “My brethren, be not many masters, knowing that ye receive (sumitis) the greater condemnation; for in many things we offend all.” “Let him who is a wise man, and endued with knowledge among you, show out of a good conversation his works with meekness of wisdom.”

## Footnotes

* ↑ Urban was the successor of Callistus. The letter ascribed to him is one of the pseudo-Isidorian forgeries.
* ↑ Mansi, Concil. Collect., i. p. 748.
* ↑ Jas ii. 14.
* ↑ Jas. iii. 1, 2.
* ↑ Jas. iii. 13.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistles of Pope Callistus/To All the Bishops of Gaul
## Contents

* Preface
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistles of Pope Callistus/To All the Bishops of Gaul/Chapter 2

II.
(Of those who have intercourse with excommunicated persons, or with unbelievers.)
Those, too, who are excommunicated by the priests, let no one receive previous to the just examination of both sides; nor let him have any intercourse with such in speech, or in eating or drinking, or in the salutation with the kiss, nor let him greet such; because, whosoever wittingly holds intercourse with the excommunicated in these or other prohibited matters, will subject himself, according to the ordinance of the apostles, to like excommunication. From these, therefore, let clergy and laity keep themselves if they would not have the same penalty to endure.  Also do not join the unbelievers, neither have any fellowship with them. They who do such things, indeed, are judged not as believers, but as unbelievers. Whence the apostle says:  “What part hath he that believeth with an infidel? or what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness?”

## Footnotes

* ↑ The reference is to the 11th and 12th of the canons of the apostles. [Vol. vii. p. 501, this series.]
* ↑ 2 Cor. vi. 14, 15.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistles of Pope Callistus
## Contents

* To Bishop Benedictus
* To All the Bishops of Gaul
* Note by the American Editor
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/The Decretals/The Epistles of Pope Callistus/To All the Bishops of Gaul/Chapter 4

IV.
(Of marriages among blood-relations, and of those who are born of them; and of accusations which the laws reject.)
Moreover, marriages among blood-relations are forbidden, since all laws, both sacred and secular, forbid such. Wherefore the divine laws not only expel, but even anathematize, those who do so, and those who spring from them. Secular laws, again, call such persons infamous, and interdict them from inheriting. And we too, following our fathers, and keeping close by their footsteps, brand such with infamy, and hold them to be infamous, because they are sprinkled with the stains of infamy. Neither ought we to admit those men or their accusations, that secular laws reject. (For who doubts that human laws, when they are not inconsistent with reason and honour, are to be embraced, especially when they either further the public good or defend the authority of the ecclesiastical office, and uphold it as a help?) And we call those blood-relations whom divine laws, and those of the emperors, both Roman and Greek, name blood-relations, and whom they admit to the right of inheriting, and cannot exclude from that. Marriages, then, between such are neither lawful nor capable of holding good, but are to be rejected. (And if any such are attempted in rash daring, they come to be rescinded by apostolic authority.)