# Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society/Volume 31/An Account of some of the oldest Malay MSS. now extant

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## An Account of Some of the Oldest Malay MSS. now extant.

By the Rev. W. G. Shellabear.
By the courtesy of the librarians of the British Museum, the Bodleian library at Oxford, and the University library at Leiden, I was enabled in the summer of 1895 to make careful copies of some very old Malay manuscripts which are preserved in those libraries. As far as I have been able to discover, these mss. have never before been noticed in any scientific journal, and have never even been examined by anyone capable of understanding their historic and philological interest. This is the more remarkable in the case of those in the Bodleian library since it is probable that they are the oldest Malay mss. now extant, and are therefore of peculiar value to the student from their bearing upon the Malay language and literature.
I had also an opportunity of making a brief examination of six interesting Malay mss, which are the property of the Cambridge University library, but as these have been described at great length by Dr. S. van Ronkel in Part 2 of the 6th Series of Bijdragen tot de Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, it is only necessary here to say that they were the property of a Dutch scholar, Erpenius, who died in 1624, and three of them appear from signatures to have belonged to a certain Pieter Willemsz. van Elbinck, who was at Acheen in 1604, went to the Eastern Archipelago again in 1611, and died in 1615 in London, two years after his return.
The manuscripts described in this paper consist of six letters, and a copy of the Hikayat Sri Rama, which is a Malay translation of the famous Ramayana. The letters are arranged, as nearly as can he ascertained, in chronological order, and at the end of the paper has been placed an extract from the Hikayat Sri Rama, sufficient to give a good idea of the spelling and of the diver​gence of this manuscript from the text used by R. van Eijsinga in his edition of this work.
For the benefit of those who are not familiar with the Arabic character, a transliteration in the Roman character has been made, and the six letters, being of some historic interest, have been translated into English.
The following is a brief description of the mss.
(A) is a letter of authority to trade, given by the king of Acheen to an English captain, perhaps Sir James Lancaster, who was in charge of the first voyage to the Eastern Archipelago undertaken by the English East India Company, and was at Acheen in 1601. This manuscript is in the Bodleian library at Oxford, and is numbered MS. Douce Or. e. 5. It is on a single sheet of paper, and consists of four quarto pages of writing. The first page is in the Arabic language, and is the latter part of the letter of the king of Acheen to Queen Elizabeth, an English translation of which is found in Purchas's Yoyages, entitled "Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes, London, 1625, fol. 4 vols." The first part of this Arabic letter was probably on another sheet, and may either be lost or possibly is preserved awong the Arabic mss. in the Bodleian library. The second, third and fourth pages of the ms. contain the Malay letter, the text of which is given below. The handwriting is apparently that of a European, and it seems probable that this manuscript is merely a copy of the original documents. The original letter from the king of Acheen to Queen Elizabeth is said to be preserved "in the Archives in London," and it is possible that it might be found if search were made among the early papers of the East India Company. The style of this Malay letter bears some re- semblance to that of the English version of the letter of the king of Acheen to Queen Elizabeth. The heading "Jawi yang di-persembahkan kapitan Inggris itu" would seem to imply that the letter had also been written in some other language, prob. ably Arabic; and it is remarkable that the word Inggris is used in this heading, whereas in the body of the letter the French word "Inglitir" is used, as also in letter B, from which it seems probable that the heading and the body of the letter were written by different persons. Captain Lancaster's interpreter was a Jew, who spoke Arabic, and we may perhaps conjecture that the letter of authority to trade, like the letter to Queen Eliza​beth, was written in Arabic, and that the text here given is the Malay translation of it. This supposition would account for the absence of those forms of address which are usually found in Malay letters and can be seen in B, which is a very similar let- ter of authority. The letter to Queen Elizabeth is dated 1011 A. H., which is the year 1602 of the Christian era. The Malay letter of authority to trade was probably of the same date, and some such document is evidently referred to in the closing paragraphs of the letter to Queen Elizabeth, where it is stated "we have incorporated them into one corporation and common dignity; and we have granted them liberties, and have shown them the heat course of traffic." The following is the translation of the king of Acheen's letter to Queen Elizabeth which is given in Purchas.
   The letter of the King of Acheen to the Queen of England.
   Glory be to God, who hath magnified himself in His works, ordained Kings and Kingdoms; exalted himself alone in power and majesty. He is not to be uttered by word of mouth; nor to be conceived by imagination of the heart: He is no vain phantom; no bound may contain him; nor any similitude express him. His blessing and His pence is over all. His Goodness in the creature: He hath been proclaimed by His prophet heretofore, and since that often; and now again by this writing at this present, inferior unto none. For this city, which is not slack to shew their love, hath manifested it, in the entertainment of that Society, which filleth the horizon with joy, and hath confirmed it to the eye by a sign, which bringeth know- ledge of remembrance of it generally, and particularly and for that their request is just, with purpose for exchanges; and they themselves of honest carriage, and their kindness great in doing good in general to the creatures; helping the creature in prosperity and adversity jointly giving liberally unto the poor, and such as stand in need of their abundance; preserving the creature in their uttermost, with a willing mind: which for them now is extended unto India and Arach; sending forth the chiefest men of discretion and note, calling all the best of the creatures to Council herein.
   This is the Sultana, which doth rule in the Kingdom of England, France, Ireland, Holland and Frizeland, God continue that Kingdom and that Empire long in prosperity.
   And because that he, which hath obtained the writing of these letters from the King of the Kingdom of Ashey, who doth rule there with an absolute power; and for that, there came unto us a good report of you, declared and spread very joyfully by the mouth of Captain James Lancaster; (God continue his welfare long!) And for that, you do record that in your letters, there are commendations unto us, and that your letters are patent privileges; Almighty God advance the cause of this honourable consociation, and confirm this worthy league.
   ​And for that you do affirm in them, that the Sultan of Afrangie is your enemy, and an enemy to your people, in whatsoever place le be, from the first until now; and for that he hath lift up himself proudly, and set himself ns the king of the world: Yet, what is he besides his exceeding pride, and baughty mind? Inthis therefore is our joy increased, and our Society confirmed; for that he and his company are our enemies in this world, and in the world to come; so that we shall cause them to lie, in what place sever we shall meet them, a public death.
   And moreover you do affirm, that you desire peace and friendship with To God be praise and thanks for the greatness of His grace! This therefore is our serious will and honourable purpose truly in this writing, that you may send from your people unto our Bandar, to trade and to traffic: And that whosoever shall be sent unto us, in your Highness name, and to whomsoever you shall prescribe the time, they shall be of a joint company, and of common privileges: for this Captain and his company. so soon as they came unto us, we made then of an absolute society. And we have incorporated them into one Corporation and common dignity: And we have granted them liberties, and have showed them the best course of traffic. And to manifest unto them the love and brotherhood between us and you in this world, there is sent, by the hand of this Captain, according to the Custoni, unto the famous city, a ring of Gold beautified with a ruby, richly placed in his seat; two vestures woven with Gold, embroidered with Gull, inclosed in a red box of Tzin.
   Written in Tarich of the year 1011 of Mahomet. Peace be unto you.
(B) is also in the Bodleian library at Oxford, and is numbered MS. Douce Or. e. 4. This is undoubtedly an original document, for it bears the stamp of Sultan ‘Ala’u ’d-Din Shah of Acheen, and is evidently in the handwriting of a native. The letter is not dated, but being a letter of authority to Captain "Harry Middleton" for trading purposes, we are able to fix the date with some certainty, for we know that Sir Henry Middleton went out with Sir James Lancaster in 1601, and was appointed at Acheen to the command of a vessel named the "Susan" and sent to Priaman, a place a few miles north of the present town of Padang on the west coast of Sumatra, whence he carried home a cargo of pepper. His return was minuted 21 June 1603, which was nearly two months before the arrival of Sir James Lancaster. Moreover this letter bears strong internal evidence of being written at the same time, if not by the very sane person as the origins! letter from which A. was copied, and the fact that they both belong to the Douce mss. would lead to the conclusion that they both came from the same source. The similarity of spelling will be seen to be quite ​remarkable, and it will be noticed that the spelling of C., which was written in 1612, at the same place, differs considerably from A. and B. Some of the chief points of resemblance between A. and B. are the use of the word Inglitir for England; meli for bli; similarity in the use of tashdid in all the words common to the two letters, namely, sakalian, negri, kapal, kapitan, t‘alok, ia, memeli; and the use of suhbat for sahabat.
(C) is numbered MS. Laud Or. b. 1 (R) in the Bodleian library. It is a letter dated 1024 A. H.=1612 A. D., from the Sultan of Acheen to King James the First of England. It is written on a scroll about three feet long, and is elaborately illuminated. The handwriting is good, being very much su- perior to that of B., but the orthography is in some respects very similar to that of letters A. and B.
(D) is one of a small collection of seven Malay letters, which are preserved in the University library at Leiden, Holland. The trustees of the University library were kind enough to send these letters to England in order that I might have ample leisure to examine them and to copy them carefully. None of these letters had any catalogue number when I examined them. They are all official documents, and appear to date from the same period, about 1670 to 1680 A. D. I have selected two of these letters for reproduction in this paper. The one marked D. is a letter sent by the Captain Laut, a native commander of sea-forces, at the island of Bouton, south-east of Celebes, appointed by the Dutch East India Company, and addressed to the Dutch Governor General at Batavia. Neither this letter nor any of of the other six appear to be of any very special historical interest.
The date of this letter is 1080 A. H.=1670 A. D.
(E) is another of the letters in the Leiden University library. It is an official letter from the King of Jambi, in South- east Sumatra, to the same Governor General to whom the above- mentioned letter was addressed, namely Johan Maetsuijker. This document bore no date, but it is minuted on the back in Dutch, in the handwriting of the period, as having been received on the 30th April, 1669.
(F) is a letter preserved in the British Museum, where it is numbered Rot. Harl. 43. A. 6. This document came to the Museum about 1752 A. D. with the Harleian collection, but it ​probably belongs to an earlier period, and may have been in the Harleian collection for many years before it came to the British Museum. It is remarkable that in this letter the word Sinnyor should be used in addressing an English captain. Internal evidence leads to the conclusion that the letter was written to the English captain at Jambi, on the East coast of Sumatra, from the neighbouring State of Birni, and not from Brunai in North Borneo; the spelling of the two words would be the same in Malay, but the Malay has been transliterated Birni in the text for the following reasons: In the first place it is difficult to believe that an embassy would be sent such a distance as from Brunai to Jambi for the purpose of procuring saltpetre and blankets, when the same articles could probably have been obtained much more easily from the Spaniards; and secondly the two countries are spoken of as being "as if they were one country," which seems to exclude the possibility of the letter having been written from Brunai. On the other hand it is not so easy to account for the use of the word Sinnyor if the latter was written from Birni as it would be if it came from Brunai, where Portuguese and Spanish influence were very strong. It is mentioned, bowever, by Marsden that in 1629 a Portuguese squadron ascended the Jambi river to attack some Dutch ships which were sheltering there, from which it would appear that the Portuguese had made their power felt in that neighbour- hood. The English Company, as well as the Dutch, had an establishment at Jambi, and it seems probable that the letter was written after that establishment was opened, but the date can- not be fixed with any accuracy. The handwriting of this letter is particularly good, and the traces of Arabic influences on the orthography, which are so strong in A. B. and C., are absent here. The letter dal is here frequently written with three dots under it, which appears to me to be an indication of Javanese influence, for in that language there are two "d" sounds, one of which is distinguished at the present day when writing in the Arabic character by placing three dots under it. The ga in this letter also frequently has the three dots under it, as the Javanese write it, but that is no criterion, for the same method of writing it will be found in A., B. and C. The Javanese titles adipati and pangêran were evidently in use at Jambi when
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(G.) This is an extract from the manuscript of Hikayat Sri Rama mentioned above. The book is a quarto volume of about 800 pages, and is preserved in the Bodleian library , Oxford, under catalogue number MS. Laud Or. 291. The paper appears to be of Eastern manufacture, and the band writing is exceedingly good. The ms. is not dated, but the records of the library show that it was acquired in 1633. It seems probable that it came from the East at the saine time as letter C., which was also in the Laud collection before it was acquired by the Bodleian library.
I am much indebted to Rev. H. L. E. Luering, Ph.D., and Mr. R. J. Wilkinson, for explanations of difficult passages in these manuscripts and for the derivations of words of Sanscrit and Arabic origin.
A.—Letter of Authority to Trade.
جاوي يڠ دفرسمبهكن كڤتن اڠݢرس ايت
اك راج يڠ كواس يڠ سباوه اڠن اين يڠ ممݢڠ تخت كرجان نݢري اچه دان نݢري سَمُّدَرَ دان سكل نݢري يڠ تعلق كنݢري اچه مك سهلين كام يڠ منيلک كفد سورت اين هندقله دڠن تيلک كبجيكن دان تيلک يڠ سجهتر دان
​(Jawi characters)
​(Jawi characters)
‫‪ ​(Jawi characters)
Jawi yang di-persembahkan Kapitan Inggris itu.
Aku raja yang kuasa yang di bawah angin ini, yang meme. gaig takhta keraja'an negri Acheh, dan negri Sammudara. dan segala negri yang talok ka-negri Acheh. Maka sakalian kamu yang menilek ka-pada surat ini, hendak-lah dengan tilek kebaji- kan, dan tilek yang sejahtra. Dan kamu dengarkan perkata'an yang dalam-nya, dan kamu fahamkan segala perkata'an-nya. Bahwa aku telah bersabda dengan suka-hati-ku membri kamu tahu ini: Bahwa aku telah bersuhbat dengan Raja Inglitir, dan kamu pun bersulibat dengan segala r'ayat Raja Inglitir itu, seperti kamu bersuhbat dengan segala manusia yang lain dalam dunia ini; dan berbuat baik kamu akan orang itu, seperti kamu berbuat baik akan orang yang lain itu. Bahwa aku berbuat baik akan merika'itu, dan ku trima merika itu dalam negri, dan ku trima persembahan meriks'itu dan menilek aku ka-pada merika'itu, deri- pada aku hendak herkaseh-kaschan dengan Raja Inglitir itu, dan deri-pada aku hendak berbuat baik akan segala oraig-nya itu. Maka ku perbaiki akan merikalitu yang datang sekarang ini, dan akan merika'itu yang lagi akan datang pun; telah aku membri keperchaya'an akan merika'itu yang datang ka-Acheh dan ka- Sammudara, dengan tiada-lah lagi takot merika'itu akan kapal ​merika'itu dan akan arta merika'itu, dan akan segala mata-benda yang di-bawa merika'itu, tiada-lah merika'ítu takot dan sangka akan daku. Dan akan segala kamu orang-ku pun, apabila merika’itu mem- bawa sa-suatu mata-benda deri negri-nya ka-negri-ku ini, maka meli berjual-lah kamu dengan dia, dan bertukar-tukaran-lah kamu dengan sa-suatu mata-benda yang ada pada-nya dengan mala benda yang ada pada kamu; seperti kamu beniaga dan bertukar-tukaran mata-benda dengan orang lain itu dalam agem merika'itu deri-pada segala dagang-dagang pada beniaga dan memeli fada dan memeli mata-benda yang lain-nya, maka dengan orang Inglitir pun beniaga kamu, dan meli berjual kamu. Dan orang Inglitir itu pun, jaka hendak ia nawun dalam negri-ku, barang brapa kehendak-nya, berkenan-lah ka-pada-ku; dan jika ia hendak berlain pun deri negri-ku, berkenan-lah pada-ku; maka jagan sa-sa'orang pun melarangkan dia berlain itu. Melainkan jikalau ada hak sa-sa'orang atas-nya atau pihutang sa-sa'orang atas-nya, jika blum di-bayer-nya, dan blum di-putuskan hakim hukum-nya, maka jangan ia dehulu berlain, hingga sudah-lah hukum-nya, maka ia berlain. Maka hukum yang di-hukum-kan ini, beniaga dan meli berjual dengan mata-benda yang di-bawa-nya ka-pada negri-ku ini dan ka-pada segala negri yang t'alok negri-ku ini, jangan-lah lagi merika'itu takot dan sangka. Dan jangan kamu ambil ushur deri-pada segala saudagar yang dalam kapal merika'itu, dan deri-pada segala orang Inglitir itu. Dan segala orang Inglitir itu datang ka-negri-ku, dan berlaboh kapal-nya di laut negri Acheh, dan di negri Saminudara, dan di negri segala t'alok negri Acheh, jika di-turuni taufan akan kapal-nya itu, maka takot-lah ia akan karan kapal-nya itu deri-pada sangat taufan itu, jika hendak ia menurunkan segala isi kapal-nya itu, dan minta tolong ia deri-pada kamu pada meminta prahu yang kechil-kechil dan sampan menurunkan segala mata-benda yang dalam kapal yang hendak karam deri-pada sangat taufan itu, maka kamu tolongi ia pada menurunkan mata-henda-nya sa-barang darat-nya. Apabila datang-lah mata-benda-nya itu ka-darat, maka kamu kembalikan ka-pada ampunya mata-benda itu. Jika di-bri-nya akan kamu dengan kaseh hati-nya barang sa-suatu akan hak kamu pada menurunkan mata-benda-nya yang tersebot itu, kamu trima; dan jika mati sa-sa'orang deri-pada orang Inglitir itu, maka tatkala ia sakit akan mati itu ada ia berpesan ka-pada sa-sa'orang mesankan segala arta-nya dan ​segala arta orang yang di-bawa-nya itu pada menyuroh sampai-kan ka-pada segala kluarga-nya dan k-pada ampunya arta, maka kamu sahkan wasiat merika'itu; dan jika mati sa-sa'orang deri-pada orang Inglitir itu, maka arta-nya ada pada sa-sa'orang saudagar orang Inglitir atau pada sa-sa'orang saudagar orang yang lain maka arta itu thabit ada pada orang itu, kawan ia beniaga dan meli berjual; maka kamu hukumkan seperti hukum yang berlaku dalam negri. Dan jika berhukum sa-sa'orang orang Inglitir, d'awa-nya kendirian sama kendirian atau dengan orang yang lain, maka kamu hukumkan seperti hukum isi negri.
The Malay [version] presented by the English Captain.
I am the reigning sovereign of these [countries] below the wind, holding the throne of the kingdom of Acheen and Sumatra, and all the countries subject to Acheen. All ye who scan this letter shall [do so] with good will and peace, and listen to the words which it contains and understand them all. It has been my pleasure to declare for your information as follows: I have made friends with the king of England, and ye shall be friends with all the king of England's people, as ye are friends with all the rest of mankind in the world; and ye shall do them good, as ye do good to the rest of men. For I do good to them, and I receive them into my country and receive their gifts, and I look upon them favourably, for that 1 desire mutual affection with the king of England; and for that I desire to do good to all his people, I am treating well those who have now come, and [shall do so to] those who shall come hereafter. I have pledged my faith to those who come to Acheen and Sumatra, so that they shall no longer be afraid for their ships and their possessions and all the valuables which they bring, and they shall not be afraid or suspicious of me. And as for all of you my people, when they shall bring any valuables from their country to this country of mine, ye shall buy and sell with them, and sball exchange your valuables for any valuables of theirs; even as ye trade and exchange valuables with other people by ​their charters from all the foreigners for trading and buying pepper and buying other valuables, so shall ye trade with the English people and shall buy and sell. And the English people, if they desire protection in my country, whatever their desire may be, I approve of it? and if they desire to sail away from my country, I approve; let no one forbid them thus to sail. But if any one has any claim upon them, or if they are indebted to anyone, let them not sail until they have paid or until the judge has decided their cases; and when their cases are decided they may sail. Now as for this order which I command, for trading and buying and selling with the valuables which they have brought to my country, let them no longer fear or suspect; and ye shall not take tithes from any of the merchants who are in their ships, nor from any of the English people. And as for all the English people who come to my country and anchor their ships in the sea of Acheen, and in Sumatra and in the countries subject to Acheen, if a storm comes down upon their ships, and they are afraid that their ships will be wrecked for the violence of the storm, should they desire to discharge all the ships' cargo and request assistance from you, asking for small vessels and sampans to discharge all the valuables in the ships which are about to be wrecked for the violence of the storm, ye shall assist them to discharge their valuables as far as possible. And when their valuables reach the shore, ye shall restore the valuables to those that own them. If they voluntarily give you anything due to you for discharging the above-mentioned raluables, ye shall receive it. And if anyone of the English people shall die, and while he is sick unto death shall give an order to anyone to send his possessions and the possessions of the people whom he has brought, and shail order them to be delivered to his relatives and to the owners of the possessions, ye sball bold his Will valid. And if anyone of the English people shall die, his property shall go to some English merchant, or to some other merchant; the property shall be determined as belonging to the person, his associate in trade and buying and selling ye shall give judgment according to the law of the country. And if any Englishmen go to law, their charges being one against the other or against some other person, ye shall give judgment according to the laws of the people of the country.
B.—Letter of Authority given to Captain Harry Middleton.
‫دغن انجره توهن سر وعالم سكلين سبد يغ مها ملي ډانغا کند سكل فغليم‬ ‫نگری دان فرنوه سكل نجري يغ تعلق کراچه ادفون باغتاه كام سكلين بهو‬
‫كل اورغ اغليتراین کفت برنام هارمدان اصلی کل این برلابه دلبوهن‬ ‫نجري آچه براف لماي اي دسان مك موهن در پی ای برلاير كجاو جك اي‬ 4
‫مل لاد اتوبار سسوات د بریں اکنکام درهم انو بارغ سسوات یغ اورغ‬
‫اغليتر این اورغ محبت کيت راج أغليتر مك كښ دان سكل شودبرپ‬ ‫ایت همب فدراج اغليتريغ همب راج اغليتر ایت سراس اورغ كتاله جک‬
‫اي مل برجول دغن كام يغ دلم تلق رنتو اچه ایت دغن سبنر بنری جو مک‬ ‫سورت سيتي "يغ كيت كارنیای آکندي أين دغن دفوهنكنی درفدكيت سفاي‬ ‫جاغن اي دچبول * سكل اورغ تلق رنتو كیت مک جک د جنکی کشد کام‬ 5
​‫سكلين سي این هندقله كام فرملي دان جاغنله سسورغ درفد كام مخبول دي‬ ‫انیله سبدكيت كند كام سكلين والسلام‬
(Stamp.)
As-Sultan
‘Ala’u ’d-Din Shah
berfirman.
Dengan anugraha Tuhan serwa ‘alam sakalian, sabda yang maha mulia datang ka-pada segala penglima negri dan pertuha segala negri yang t‘alok ka-Acheh. Ada pun barang tahu kamu sakalian, bahwa kapal orang Inglitir ini, kapitan-nya bernama Harry Middleton, asal-nya kapal ini berlaboh di labohan negri Acheh; brapa lama-nya ia di sana, maka mohon diri-nya ia berlayer ka-Jawa. Jika ia memeli lada atau barang sa-suatu, di-bri-nya akan kamu dirham atau barang sa-suatu. Yang orang Inglitir ini orang suhbat kita Raja Inglitir, maka kapi tan-nya dan segala saudagar-nya itu hamba pada Raja Inglitir. Yang hamba Raja Inglitir itu sa-rasa orang kita-lah ; jika ia meli berjual dengan kamu yang dalam telok rantau Acheh itu, dengan sa-benar-benar-nya jua. Maka surat simi yang kita karunia’i akan dia ini, dengan di-pohonkan-nya deri-pada kita, supaya jangan ia di-chabuli segala orang telok rantau kita. Maka jika di-tunjokkan-nya ka-pada kamu sakalian simi ini, hendak-lah kamu permulia; dan jangan-lah sa-sa’orang deri-pada kamu menchabuli dia. Ini-lah sabda kita ka-pada kamu sakalian. Wa ’s-sallama.
(Stamp.)
Sultan
‘Ala’u ’d-Din Shah
commands.
By the grace of the Lord of all the universe, the command of the most glorious one to all the officers of the country and the chiefs of all the countries which are subject to Acheen. Be it known unto you all as to this English ship, the captain's name is Harry Middleton, originally this ship anchored in the roadstead of Acheen; after being some time there, he asked to leave, and sailed for Jara. If he buys pepper and so forth he will give ​you money and so forth. Now these Englishmen are the subjects of my friend the king of England, and their captain and all their merchants are the servants of the king of England . Now the servants of the king of England are as if they were our people; if they buy and sell with you who live along the shores of Acheen, let all he done fairly. And this letter of authority which we give to him at his request, [is given] in order that he be not insulted by the people of our shores. If he shows this authority to any of you, ye shall show him honour; and let not one of you insult him. This is our command to all of you, Greeting.
C.—Letter from the Sultan of Acheen to King James I of England.
‫سورة درفد سر سلطان فرکاس عالم جوهن بردولة راج يغ بروله مرتبت‬
‫کرجان يغ دلم نخت کرجان يغ تياد ترليهة اوله فغليهة يغ تياد تردراوله‬ ‫نفر يغ برمالكي كادغ بروکر برکراوغ برسند برسندورا * بورن سدلغيم يغ‬ ‫برابر مس يغ براستان سیوجن منتغ يغ برسوني براكت بات فلفكم يغ افام‬ 2
‫چرمن سته تراوثم يغ بر فنجورن مس بفرمات ببراف درقد فجورن فیرق راج‬ 3
‫يغ مغمغوكن فربندهران درقد سني مس دان سنتي فيرق دان درفدکلن‬
‫مس يغ دل نگري فریامن قد كونغ نجري سليدا يغ مثمنون فرمان سمبیلن‬ ‫جنس يغ برفايغ مس برنبالن یغ برتر براتسكتي يغ برفتران مس یغ برچیو‬ ‫مس راج يغ مغمٹوکن کود بع برفلان مس يغ برمي رمبيكن مس یغ بر‬
​‫براسكتي يغ برگئغ مس بفرمات راج بل برزره سواس دان برکتوفغ سواس‬ ‫دان يغ برياجه بربادغ مس برسبن فيرق برکنېت سواس یغ برنتي سواس‬ ‫راج يغ برياجه برغكك تفكك سواس دان یغ برتریسی سواس دان يغ برلبغ‬ ‫سواس دان یغ استفکار سواس دان یغ برود یخ برفلان سواس دان یغ‬ ‫برياجه كرسي فيرق دان يغ بركث فيرق دان يغ بريغ سواس دان يغ برالة‬ ‫مس دان سواس دان فیرق دان يغ برمب مس بفرمات راج يغ مېشکرهاکن‬ ‫نشان دیر درفد نشان مس يغ بريتر مكت عالم يغ تورن تورن درفد راج‬ ‫برنشان سواس راج يغ مغمئوکن رجراج يغ براتس راتس درقد فيهن مشرق‬ ‫يغ دلم نبري يغ تعلق كدلي دان يغ دلم نجري يغ تعلق کبات ساور دان‬ ‫درقد فيهق مغرب يغ دلم نجري يغ تعلق كثري من دان کبارس راج يغ مموت‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫کاجه ففراغن توجه شوله درلاوة دان ببراف درقد سكل فکاین دان‬
‫فرسغبرهان یغ انده اند دان درد سکل سنجات يغ مني ملي راج يغ بروله‬ ‫كلبيهن درد له كلبيهن نوهن سرو " عالم سكلين دل تخت کرجان نجري آچه‬ ‫‪8‬‬
​ ‫دارالسلام بابت راج يغ بتياس مغوث فوجي نجين اكن نوهن سرور عالم‬ ‫سكلين د‪10‬رفد دلمنهكني كلمشاهن کارنیاں قد مېرهكن نجري درقد فيهق مشرق‬ ‫سفرت لوبق دان فيدر دان سمرلاغ دان فساغن دان فاسي دان قرلق دان‬ ‫بسينغ دان تیغ دان دلي دان اساهن دان نجع دان فاني دان رکن دان‬ ‫بات ساور دان سكل نيري يغ تعلق كبات ساور دان فیرق دان فاهغ دان‬ ‫اندرييري مك درقد فيهق مغرب سفرت نجری چلغ دان دایا دان‬ ‫بارس دان قسمن دان تيكو دان فریامن دان سلیدا دان اندرفور دان‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫بشكوول دان سلیبر دان فلمبغ دان جمبي دانغ كند راج يغ دنجري‬
‫اغكرس ‪122‬لیغ برنام راج يعقوب يغ مغمغوكن نجري برتاني دان نجري فرنسي دان‬ ‫نجری ایرلندي دككلكن توهن سرو عالم سكلين جوكرای كرجانی دان‬ ‫د شلوغی جوگراب اي در فد سكل ستروں ستله أپت بار نام کراں راج‬
‫هو همب ترلال ست منغر بوپ سورة يغ دسوره راج فرسمبھکن کند همب‬ ‫ایت مک اد ترسبت دلى بهو راج موهنكن بارغ دافة اورغ اغجرس بنیاک‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫دلم نجري نيكو دان فریامن دان بارغ دافة اورغبت ' دودق بنیاک دسان‬ ‫سفرت شد زمان شادک مرحوم سید المكمل ابت مك نینه همب بهو اورغ‬ ‫‪
​‫اغكرس يغ سثرت دکھنداک راج ایت تباد دافة كيت بري‬
‫ابنیاک‬
‫دنكري تيكو دان فریامن دان تیاد دافة دودق بنیاکدسان کارن نجري‬ ‫ابت نجری دوسن لاک جاوه درفد كبت جك دانياي اورغ نيكو انو‬ ‫‪-15‬‬
‫اورغ فریامن اكن اورغ ایت نشچاياك بوپ كيت كند راج يعقوب ایت‬ ‫دغن انجره توهن سرور عالم سكتین جک هندق اورغ اغكرس يغ همب فد‬
‫راج ایت بنیامك بنيكاله اي دلم نجري آچه دان جک اي هندق مغنترکن‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫فيتر‬
‫بنیا دلم نجري آچه دهنتركن سؤاي برسباف بربوت انیای‬
‫کاتسیں سبركيت فرکشای دان كيت حكمكن دغن حكمن يغ عادل درفد بهو‬ ‫اي همب قد راج يغ بركيرم كرين سورة دغن كبت ایت دبهتراكن توهن‬
‫سرو عالم جوکراپ راج يعقوب دل تخت کرجان نجري اغكرس ابت سلام لماب‬ ‫ادفون سورة این دسورة دلم نجري اچه فد بلاغن اسلام سريب دوفوله‬ ‫آمفت تاهن‬
‫‪Surat deri-pada Sri Sultan Perkasa ’Alam Johan berdaulat, ‫‪raja yang beroleh mertabat keraja’an, yang dalam takhta keraja‬‬’an yang tiada terlihat oleh penglihat, yang tiada terdengar oleh ​penengar, yang bermaligai gading, berukir berkrawang, bersendi bersindura, bewerna sadalinggam, yang berayer 'mas, yang beristana sa-yojana menentang. Yang bersungai berikat batu pelinggam, yang upama chermin sudah terupam, yang berpanchur. an 'mas bepermata bebrapa deri-pada panchuran pêrak; raja yang mengampukan perbendahara'an deri-pada seni 'mas, dan seni pêrak, dan deri-pada galian 'mas yang dalam negri Priaman pada gunong negri Salida; yang mengampukan permata sembilan jenis, yang berpayong 'mas bertimbalan yang hrat-rya berratus kati; yang berpeterana 'mas, yang berchiu 'mas: raja yang mengampukan kuda yang berpelana 'mas, yang berrumbai-rumbaikan 'maa, yang brat uya berratus kati, yang berkekang 'mas bepermata; raja yang berzirah suasa, dan berketopong suasa, dan yang bergajah bergading 'mas, berkumlan pêrak, bergenta suasa, yang berrantai suasa; raja yang bergajah herrengka tinggi suasa, dan yang berprisai auasa, dan yang berlembing suasa, dan yang istinggar suasa, dan yang berkuda yang berpelana suasa, dan yang bergajah kursi pêrak, dan yang berkop perak, dan yang bergong suasa, dan yang beralat 'mas dan suasa dan pèrak, dan yang bertimba 'mas bepermata; raja yang menyenggrahakan nishan diri deri-pada nishan 'mas, yang berglar Megat Alam, yang turun-temurun deri-pada raja bernishan suasa; raja yang mengampukan raja-raja yang berratus-ratus deri-pada pihak mashrak, yang dalam negri yang t'alok ka-Deli, dan yang dalam negri yang t'alok ka- Batu Sawar; dan deri-pada pihak maghrib, yang dalam negri yang t'alok ka-Priaman, dan ka-Barus; raja yang memuat gajah pepraigan tujoh-puloh deri laut, dan bebrapa deri-pada segala pakaian, dan persenggrahan yang indah-indah, dan deri-pada segala senjata yang mulia-mulia; raja yang beroleh kelebeban deri-pada lempah kelebehan Tuhan serwa 'alam sakalian dalam takhta keraja'an negri Acheh, Daru 's-salam; iaitu raja yang netiasa menguchap puji-pujian akan Tuhan serwa 'alam sakalian deri-pada di-lêmpahkan-nya kelempahan karunia-nya pada menyerahkan negri deri-pada pihak mashrak seperti Lubok, dan Pedir, dan Semerlang, dan Pasangan, dan Pasai, dan Perlak, dan Basitaig, dan Tamiyang, dan Deli, dan Asahan, dan Tanjong, dan Papi, dan Rekan, dan Batu Sawar, dan segala negri yang t'alok ka-Batu Sawar, dan Perak, dan Pahang, dan Indragiri, maka deri-pada pihak maghrib seperti negri Chalang, dan Daya, dan Barus, dan Pasaman, dan Tiku, dan Priaman, dan Salida, dan ​Indrapura. dan, Bengkulu, dan Salibar, dan Palembang, dan Jambi Datang ka-pada raja yang di negri Inggris, yang bernama Raja Yakoh, yang mengampukan negri Britani, dan negri Fransi, dan negri Irlandi. Di-kekalkan Tuhan serwa ‘alam sakalian jua kira-nya keraja'an-nya, dan di-tolongi-nya jua kira-nya ia deri-pada segala setru-nya. Sa-telah itu barang tahu kira-nya raja, bahwa hamba terlalu suka-chita henengar bunyi surat yang di-suroh raja persembahkan ka-pada hamba itu. Maka ada tersebot dalam-nya, bahwa raja mohonkan barang dapat orang Inggris beniaga dalam negri Tiku dan Priaman, dan barang dapat orang itu dudok beniaga di sana, seperti pada zeman paduka Marhum Saidu 'l-Mukammal itu. Maka titah hamba, bah wa orang Inggris yang seperti di-kehendaki raja itu tiada dapat kita bri beniaga di negri Tiku dan Priaman, dan tiada dapat dudok beniaga di sana; kerna negri itu negri dusun, lagi jauh deri-pada kita. Jika di-aniaya orang Tiku atau orang Priaman akan orang itu, neachaya keji bunyi kita ka-pada Raja Yakob itu. Dengan anograba Tuhan serwa 'alam sakalian, jika hendak orang Inggris yang hamba pada raja itu beniaga, maka beniaga-lah ia dalam negri Acheh; dan jika ia hendak mengantarkan pêtor-nya beniaga, dalam negri Acheh di-hantarkan-nya supaya barang- siapa berbuat aniaya ka'atas-nya sigra kita prèksa'i, dan kita hukunikan dengan hukuman yang adil, deri-pada bahwa ia bamba pada raja yang berkirim-kiriman surat dengan kita itu. Di-sejahterakan Tuhan serwa 'alam jua kira-nya Raja Yakob dalam takhta kerajaan negri liggris itu sa-lama-lama-nya. Ada pun surat ini di-surat dalam negri Acheh pada bilangan Islam sa-ribu dua-pulob-ampat tahun.
A letter from His Excellency Sultan Perkasa Alam Johan the majestic, the king who possesses kingly rank, who is upon the throne of a kingdom which (human) vision cannot cover nor (human) hearing fully comprehend, whose palace is of ivory, engraved with network, with joints of red-lead, of the colour of vermillion and gilt; whose palace front extends as far as the eye can reach, whose river is enclosed with marble rocks, like unto a polished mirror, who has water pipes of gold set with jewels and many water pipes of silver. The king who holds in his possession treasuries of gold dust and silver dust, and of ​gold mines in the country of Priaman in the Salida mountain; who holds in his possession nine kinds of jewels, who has umbrellas of gold, one carried on each side of him, weighing hundreds of catties, whose throne is of gold, whose cushions are of gold: The king who holds in his possession a horse with a golden saddle, with golden trappings weighing hundreds of catties with a golden bit set with jewels: The king whose coat of mail is of gold alloy, and whose helmet is of gold alloy, and whose elephant has golden tusks. a frontlet of silver, bells of gold alloy, with a chain of gold alloy. The king whose elephant has a high howdah of gold alloy, and whose shield is of gold alloy, and whose spear is of gold alloy, and whose match-lock is of gold alloy, and whose horse has a saddle of gold alloy, and whose elephant has a seat of silver, and whose howdah roof is of silver, and whose gong is of gold alloy, and whose implements are of gold and gold alloy and silver, and whose bathing bucket is of jewelled gold. The king who has provided for his own monument with a monument of gold, styled Megat Alam, descendant of the kings with monuments of gold alloy. The king who holds in his authority hundreds of kings on the eastward side, in the countries which are subject to Deli, and in the countries which are subject to Batu Sawar, and on the westward side in the countries which are subject to Priaman and to Barus. The king who equips seventy elephants of war on the sea coast, and store of all garments, and beautiful country seats, and magnificent weapons. The king who has received superiority from the abundance of the superiority of the Lord of all the universe, on the throne of the kingdom of Acheen, the abode of peace; who is the king who continually gives praise to the Lord of all the universe for the abundance of His grace which He has abundantly supplied in giving over to him the countries on the eastern side, such as Lubok and Pedir and Semerlang and Pasangan and Pasai and Perlak and Basitang and Tamiyang and Deli and Asahan and Tanjong and Pani and Rakan and Batu Sawar and all the countries subject to Batu Sawar and Perak and Pahang and Indragiri, and on the western side such as Chalang and Daya and Barus and Pasaman and Tiku and Priaman and Salida and Indrapura and Beucoolen and Salibar and Palembang and Jambi. To the king in England, named King James, who holds in his authority Britain and ​France and Ireland. May the Lord of all the universe perpetuate his kingdom, and also assist him against all lis enemies. After that, be it known unto the king that I was very much pleased to hear the words of the letter which the king ordered to be presented to me. Now it is stated therein that the king requests that the English people may trade in Tiku and Priaman, and that they may settle there to trade, as in the time of His Highness the late Saidu ’l-Mukammal. Now it is my decree that the English people cannot, as desired by the king, receive my permission to trade in Tiku and Priaman, and cannot settle there to trade, for those countries are wild, and moreover are distant from us. If the people of Tiku or Priamian should molest them, we should certainly get an infamous report with King James. By the grace of the Lord of all the universe, if the English people who are servants of the king desire to trade, let them trade in Acheen: and if they desire to send their factors to trade, let them send them to Acheen, so that whoever shall molest them we may quickly make inquiry and punish with a just punishment, since they are the servants of the king who is in correspondence with us. May the Lord of all the universe give peace to King James on the throne of the kingdom of England for ever. This letter was written in Acheen in the year of the Mohammedan era one thousand and twenty-four.
D.—Letter from the Captain Laut of Buton to the Governor General at Batavia.
‫هو سورة این فد مېتاكن تولس دان اخلاص درقد فادك صحابة کچیل‬
‫ دانغ كند فادک صحابة‬۳ ‫جيغو كثيتن لاوة بوتن مپليكن بي بابی‬ ‫هرگورندور جنرال يوهن مت شكريغ مكغ كواس كمنبي دال كوة بتاوبهاكن‬ ‫ممرنتهكن سكل فكرجان كمثيبي سرة دغن سكل صحابتن راج درباره آغن‬ ‫ کمجين دالم دنیا دان يغ دترشکن‬۳ ‫یک دانکرهاكن الله سبحانه وتعالي برتبه‬
​ ‫هاتين مک خارجله سكل عقل بدي بجران يغ بايك دان منولغ درفد‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫اورغ يغ كن كشکارن دان يغ مغنهوي درفد هات اورغ مک ترمشهورله‬ ‫درات آغن دان درباره آغن يغ مموجيكن عارفن لا بديان سرت دغن‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫بجنسنأنن دان ایاله منبهكن ستيان فرححيين فد سكل راجت نیاد اكن بروبه ‪۳‬‬ ‫اي دمكين ايت ملك دفنشكن الله عمر دان سلامة دان بركة سقای کیت‬
‫برصحابة ترنات سرة بوتن دان كمنبي اکر جاغن برچری ‪ ۲‬سلملمان ادفون‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫کمدین در ایت بهو صحابة كفيتن لاوة ممري معلوم كفد كورندور جنرال‬ ‫ننکال دسوره اولهصحابة راج بوتن كام مغيرغكن فادک سري سلطان ترنات‬ ‫سامر منيكت قد امرال كرنیلس سفلین کتانه مثكاسر سقاي كام مخرجاكن‬ ‫كرج كيت هان معلومله كثيتن لاوة انبيل كواس كمثيبي سرة دغن کوس‬
‫الله اكن مهداه درقد فكرجان كيت هندقله كثيتن لاوة منجنكن موک شد‬ ‫هرکورندور جنرال جوک سفاي فوسكن هات نناف فد سكارغ این ادمرال‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫قولغ كجكترا هان نون کام راج ترنات كل دودق در منكاسر یک صحابة‬
‫كثيتن لاوة فون دودق سام دغن نون کام راج ترنات سفرکار فول آد‬ ‫راج بوتن فون سدهله قولغ رحمة الله كمبالي درقد اصلیں منغلكن دنيا‬ ‫معادل کنجري آخرة سبب ایتوله یک صحابة كثيتن لاوة تياد جادي فركي‬
​‬‬‫كجكترا منجنكن موک کند هرکورندور جنرال دبتاويه كارن عادة كام‬ ‫دمكين ايت اثبیل راج يغ مات اوفام سفرة دانغ هاري قيامت جدیله هارو‬ ‫بیرو دالم نگری ایتوله قد فیكرصحابة كفبتن لاوة بايكله كام سام دغن نون‬ ‫راج ترنات دودق کدملکاسرامشن تسريبامثون كند صحابة هركورندور‬ ‬‬‫جنرال جوک باد اد چندر مات لقد ‪ 7‬سسواة كند هر جنرال ملینكن‬ ‫بودن لاک * دراورغ أكن تند نولس دان اخلاص جوک او نمای سفرة دو‬ ‫بيج ساري جاغن دعيبکن کارن صحابة كثيتن لاوة اورغ يغ بل لاک ضعیف‬ ‫مفاتر فركتأن سورة این مک جکلواد ساله فون ملینكن معاف جوک‬ ‫‬‫کند هركورندور جنرال تمت‬ ‫سمبیلن‬ ‫‪‫ترنولس دالم بنتع قرنریغ بدكاتی " دغن کوة روتردام دولابن البكر ماري در‬ ‫بولن جماد الأول قد تاهن ج هجرة النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم سريب دولاقن فوله‬ ‫كنش هم‬
‬‬ ‫‪Bahwa surat ini pada menyatakan tulus dan ekhlas, deri-pada‬‬ ‫‪paduka sahabat Kichili Jingalawu, Kapitan Laut Buton, menyam‬‫‪paikan tabi banyak-banyak datang ka-pada paduka sahabat Heer‬‬ ‫‪Gurnador General Johan Maetsuijker, yang memegang kuasa‬‬ ‫‪Kompanyi dalam kota Batawiah, akan memerêntahkan segala‬‬ ​pekerja'an Kompanyi, serta dengan segala sahabat-nya raja-raja deri bawah angin, maka di-anugrahakan Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala bertambah-tambah kebajikan dalam dunia, dau yang di- trangkan hati-nya, maka kharij-lah segala 'akal budi bichara-nya yang baik, dan menolong deri-pada orag yang kena kesukaran, dan yang megtahui deri-pada hati orang, maka termashhur-lah deri atas angin dan deri bawah angin yang memujikan 'arif-nya. lagi budiman serta dengan bijaksana'an-nya, dan is-lah menegoh- kan setia-nya perjanjian pada segala raja-raja, tiada akan ber- obah-obah lagi, demikian itu maka di-panjangkan Allah 'umor, dan selamat, dan berkat, supaya kita bersahabat, Ternati serta Buton dan Kompanyi, agar jangan bercherai-cherai sa-lama- lama-nya. Ada pun kemdian deri itu, bahwa sahabat Kapitan Laut membri m'alum ka-pada Gurnador General, tatkala di-suroh oleh sahabat Raja Buton, kami megirigkan paduka Sei Sultan Ternati sama-sama mengikut pada Amiral Kornelis Speelman ka-tanab Mangkasar, supaya kami mengerjakan kerja kita; hanya m'alum-lah Kapitan Laut, apabila kuasa Kompanyi serta dengan kuasa Allah akan menyudahi deri-pada pekerja'an kita, hendak- lah Kapitan Laut menunjokkan inuka pada Heer Gurnador General juga, supaya puaskan hati. Tetapi pada sekarang ini Admiral pulang ka-Jakatra, hanya tuan kami Raja Ternati lagi dudok di Mangkasar; maka sahabat Kapitan Laut pun dudok sama. sama dengan tuan kami Raja Ternati. Sa-perkara pula, ada Raja Buton pun sudah-lah pulang ka-rahmat Allah, kembali deri-pada asal-nya, meninggalkan dunia, mengadap ka-negri akhirat.. Sebab itu-lah maka sahabat Kapitan Laut tiada jadi pergi ka- Jakatra menunjokkan muka ka-pada Heer Gurnador General di Batawiah; kerna 'adat kami demikian itu, apabila raja yang mati, upama seperti datang bari kiamat, jadi-lah haru-biru dalam negri: itu-lab pada fikir sahabat Kapitan Laut, baik-lah kami sama-sama dengan tuan Raja Ternati dudok lagi di Mangkasar; ampun- ampun, sa-ribu ampun, ka-pada sahabat Heer Guruador General juga. Tiada ada chendor mata sa-suatu ka-pada Heer General, melainkan budak laki dus orang akan tanda tulus dan ekhlas juga, upama-nya seperti dua biji sawi, jangan di-'aibkan. Kerna sa. habat Kapitan Laut orang yang bebal, lagi dla'if mengatur perkata'- an surat ini; maka jikalau ada salah pun melainkan ma'af juga ka-pada Heer Gurnador General. Tamat.
Tertulis dalam Bênteng Parinringa bedekatan dengan kota ​Rotterdam dulapan (sembilan) likor hari deri bulan jamadi l-awwal, pada tahun Jim, bijratu 'n-nabi salla Allah 'alaihi wa 's-sallama, sa-ribu dulapan puloh genap
De Cap$^n$-Laut van Buton.
This letter is to indicate sincerity and friendship from your affectionate friend Kichili Jingalawu, the Captain Laut of Buton, sending many greetings to my affectionate friend Heer Gouverneur General Johan Maetsuijker, who maintains the authority of the Company in the city of Batavia, directing all the work of the Company and all his friends the rajas below the wind; to whom it has been granted by God (to Him be praise and be He exalted) to have increasing prosperity in this world, and whose heart is enlightened, and from him proceeds all good understanding and wise counsel, and who helps those who are in trouble and who knows mens' bearts, and he is renowned among the people above the wind and those below the wind, who praise his intelligence, moreover he is wise and prudent, and it is be who establishes the faithfulness of his promises with all the rajas and will never more change them; thus may God extend to bim life and safety and blessing, in order that we may be friends. Teruati and Buton with the Company, that we may never be separated for ever. After that, your friend the Captain Laut informs the Gouverneur General that when I was sent by my friend the Raja of Buton I accompanied His High- ness the Sultan of Ternati, and we went together with Admiral Cornelis Speelman to Macassar, in order that I might do our business; but the Captain Laut informs you that when the power of the Company together with the power of God should have completed our business, it was the intention of the Captain Laut to show his face to the Heer Gouverneur General, to satis- fy his heart. But just now the admiral has returned to Jakatra, and only my lord the Raja of Ternati remains at Macassar; so your friend the Captain Laut remains with my lord the Raja of Ternati. Another matter: the Raja of Buton has gone back to the mercy of God, returning whence he came, leaving the world to appear in the presence of the land of the hereafter. It is on this account that your friend the Captain Laut did not manage to go to Jakatra to show his face to the Heer Gouverneur General at ​Batavia ; for such is our custom , that when a Raja dies it is as if the judgment day had come, for there is confusion in the country. That was how it was that in the opinion of your friend the Captain Laut it was best that I with the Raja of Ternati should still remain in Macassar. Pardon, a thousand pardons of my friend the Heer Gourerneur General. I have nothing as a present to Heer General but two lads, as a mere token of sincerity and friendship, just like a couple of mustard seeds ; do not despise the present. For your friend the Captain Laut is an ignorant man, and has made a poor hand of composing the words of this letter, so if there is any mistake I ask pardon of the Heer Gouverneur General. Finis.
Written at Fort Parinringa, near the city of Rotterdam , on the twenty-eighth ( twenty -ninth ) day of the month jamadi 'l awwal, of the year jim, in the era of the prophet (may God bless him and give him peace) one thousand and eighty exactly.
(In Dutch) The Captain Laut of Buton.
E.—Letter from the King of Jambi to the Governor General at Batavia.
‫قولي لو‬ ‫دلوان‬
‫المومی فغير‬
‫ج جلاله‬
‫سورة كاسه سرت نولس دان اخلاص يغ تياد برفتوسن درفد فغیران‬ ‫رات دانغ كند پوهن متشكور كرندر جنرال يغ منهاي ? تحت كسارن دالم‬ 1.
​‫نكري بتاوي يغ ممرنتهكن سكل انق ولند دیاتس اغن لال كباوه اغن‬ ‫ترمشهور قد سكل عالم قد حال ملكوكن كعديلې دان كموراهن تیاد‬
‫سماں راجراج دباوه اغن فد عارف بجنساں بدمان کارتوان كك ساغة‬ ‫مليهراكن سكل داکغ سرت کاسه سایغ اكن سكل فقيردان مسكين لك‬
‫ترفوج فد هدافن مجليس سكل راجر مک ساغة دكتكوت سكل سترو‬ ‫الاون درفدكستاتن هبت بوپ سنجناب لاک دغن كاكه فركشاپ تياد دافت‬ ‫دنننغ مناں دنغه میدان فتراغن شهدان امت نكه فد بارغ ستي وعد‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫تیاد بروبه فد بارغيغ تله دجنجيكي ك ساغة بركاسه كسهن أموافقة‬
‫دغن تياد لک کلاس فونس دان برچری مک جاغنله كبرای داوبهكن كل‬ ‫موافقة دان بركاسه كسيهن ايت سلام لاک اد چهاي بولن دان بنتغ سرة‬
‫فرایدران مالم دان سیغ کند سلملمای کمدین در این بارغ دکتهوي يوهن‬
‫مت شكور كرندر جنرال كيراي بهو فغيران رات مېورهكن وغس بيت‬ ‫برنیاک كبتاوي لال کجاو دشن ممبار داغن بارغ قدري مک فرتاره‬ ‫فغيران رات كفد يوهن مت شكور كرندر جنرال كالوجاد خلاف ببلی‬
‫وغس بیت دان سكل مريک يغ سرتای هندقله كبرای ‪7‬دغن فلهار دان‬ ‫كاسه پوهن مت شكور كرندر جنرال دان رادنفنديا " أكندي شهدان‬
‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ ​تغيران رات منت دجوال مريم بس اتو تمباك يغ برق سبهرانو دو بيكل بارغ براف فوچق براف جوک اکن نیلپر تله معلومله كند وغس قیت دان دسپراكن كيران كمبلیں کنگري جمي سناي سكر فغيران بروله خبريغ كمجيکن ايت سوات فون تياد نندا نولس دان اخلاص درقد فغيران مة شكورکرندر جنرال هاي لاد دو قوله فيكل نمت یوهن رات
Kaulahu 'l-hak. walau kana.
Murr.
Al-khalifatu 'l-mu'min Pangêran Jambi, khalidu 'llah Malkah.
Surat kaseh serta tulus dan ekhlas yang tiada berputusan deri-pada Pangêran Ratu, datang ka-pada Johan Maetsuijker Gurnador General, yang mempunya'i takhta kebesaran dalam negri Batawi, yang memerèntakan segala anak Wolanda di atas angin lalu ka-bawah angin, termashhur pada segala 'alam pada bai melakukan ke'aditan-nya dan kemurahan-nya, tiada sama-nya raja-raja di bawah augin pada arif bijakaana-ilya, bedinian lagi artawan, lagi sangat memilibarakan segala dagang, serta kaseh sayang-nya akan segala fakir dan miskin, lagi terpuji pada hada. pan mejelis segala raja-raja, maka sangat di-ketakoti segala setru lawan-nya deri-pada kesangatan haibat bunyi senjata-nya lagi dengan gagah perkasa-nya, tiada dapat di-tentang mata-nya di tengah maidan peprangan, shahadau amal teguh pada barang setia wa'ad-nya, tiada berobah pada barang yang telah di- janjikan, lagi sangat berkaseh-kasehan muafakat dengan tiada ​lagi kala-nya putus dan bercherai, maka jangan-lah kira-nya di obahkan lagi muafakat dan berkaseh-kasehan itu sa -lama lagi ada chahaya bulan dan bintang serta peridaran malam dan siang ka-pada sa-lama-lama-nya. Kemdian deri itu barang di-ketahui Johan Maetsuijker Gurnador General kira-nya, bahwa Pangeran Ratu menyurohkan Wangsa Yita berniaga ka-Batawi lalu ka Jawa, dengan membawa dagangan barang kedar-nya ; maka per taroh Pargêran Ratu ka-pada Johan Maetsvijker Gurnador General; kalau-kalau ada khilaf bebal-nya Wangsa Yita dan se
gala merika yang serta-nya, hendak-lah kira-nya dengan plihara dan kaseb Johan Maetsuijker Gurnador General dan Raden van Indië akan dia. Shahadan Pargêran Ratu minta di-jual meriam besi atau tembaga, yang brat sa-babara atau dua pikul, barang brapa puchok; brapa juga akan nilai-nya telah m'alum-lah ka pada Wangsa Yita. Dan di-sigrakan kira-nya kembali-nya ka negri Jambi, supaya sigra Paigêran beroleh khabar yang keba jikan itu. Suatu pun tiada tanda tulus dan ekhlas deri-pada Pangêran Ratu ka-pada Johan Maetsuijker Gurnador General hanya lada dua-puloh pikul. Tamat.
Brief van Pageran Patoe in Jambi, ontfangen den 30 April 1669 met Wangsa Ita.
The word of Truth, though it be Bitter.—
The Ruler of the Faithful, the Pangeran of Jambi, the friend of God, Royal Highness.
A letter of love with sincerity and friendship to which there is no end , from the Pangeran Ratu, sent to Johan Maetsuijker, Governor General, who holds the throne of majesty in the city of Batavia , who governs all the people of Holland both above the wind and below the wind, renowned through all the universe in dispensing justice and mercy, none of the rajas below the wind are like him in his intelligence and prudence, he is wise and wealthy , and greatly protects all strangers, and has love and pity for all beggars and poor people , moreover he is praised in the presence of all the rajas, and is very much feared by all his enemies and adversaries through the greatness of the ​terror of the sound of his weapons, moreover for his might and valour they cannot meet his eyes on the field of battle; again he is very steadfast to the faithfulness of his engagements, and does not change from anything which he has promised , and he is very affectionate and friendly, and at no time does he cease to be so, nor sever from his friends; may such friendship and affection never change as long as there is still the light of the moon and stars and the alternation of night and day for ever and ever. After that, be it known unto Johan Maetsuijker, Governor General , that the Pangeran Ratu is sending Wangsa Yita to Batavia and then to Java to trade, taking with him a certain quantity of merchandise, entrusted by Pangeran Ratu to the care of Johan Maetsuijker, Governor General. If perchance there should be any mistake or ignorance on the part of Wangsa Yita and the people that are with him, let them be treated with care and affection by Johan Maetsuijker, Governor General, and the Council of India. Again the Pangeran Ratu begs that a few iron or brass cannon may be sold to him, of the weight of a babar or two pikuls; as to the price of them Wangsa Yita has been informed. And may his return to Jambi be hastened, in order that the Pangêran may quickly receive favourable news. There is no token whatever of sincerity and friendship from the Pangeran Ratu to Joban Maetsuijker, Goverror General, except twenty pikuls of pepper. Finis.
(In Dutch.) Letter from the Pangêran Ratu at Jambi, received the 30th April 1669, by Wangsa Yita .
F.—Letter from the Raja Bendahara Paduka Sri Maharaja of Birni (?) to the English Captain at Jambi.
‫سورة اخلاص يغ تياد برفتوسن مسرا يغ تياد برانتار ترغ چواچ نتیاس‬
‫برني‬
‫درود بیت راج بندهار فادک سري مهاراج فرمیسوار دنك‬
​‫دانغ كند سنهر كثيتن اغكرس يغ دنجري جمبي اية يغ ترلال امة‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫عاقلان ډرفد سيل سترو لاونث دان ایاله يغ امة ستباون قد سجل‬
‫توننث دان ایاله يغ أمة ترمشهور قد سجل نجري خبرن لاک ساغة‬
‫بربوت درم اكن سكل فقير دان مسكين دان ایاله يغ ممثيكن حاد‬
‫دان مقصود سكل همب الله يغ برسهاج كندان مک جاډ مشهورله خبرث‬ ‫يغدمكين أية فد سكل نچری مک جاد بربغكتله برهي دندم سب‬ ‫خبر يغدمكين اية اما بعد کمدین در ابت كري بيت مغتاكن اخلاص‬ ‫هات بيت كند سپورکثیتن اغكرس ادفون اد فادک سري سلطان‬
‫اية مرورهكن سري ليل دراج دان سري سنتي فهلوان دان سري راج‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫خطیب دان سجل مريک يغ سرتان اية اكن ممباوسورة بركا‬ ‫دغن فغيرن ادفات " دنگري جي اية سفاي جاغن لاک برانتار نچری‬
‫برني دان نجري جمی اية سلمان مک اډاله يغ نجري برني‬
‫جمي ایت‬
‫اقام سبوه نجري جواهان ادفون يغ دکھنداک فادک سري سلطان جکلو‬ ‫ادكاسه نولس اخلاص فغيرن اډ فات اية فادک‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫سلطان مهند أكة‬
​‫مبال * سنداو ایتوله یغ دکھنداک فادك سري سلطان کند فغيرن ادفات‬ ‫سبرمول فول جكلواد كاسه تولغ سېور كفر اكن بيت منت نولغ مبال‬ ‫کاین جابر ايتوله جکلواد كاسه تولغ سېور کثیتن شهدان يغ اتوسن در برني‬ 9
‫اية فتاره بیتاله شد فرمان کند الله توهن عالم سكلينث دان بركة نبين عليهم‬ ‫السلام كمدبن دغن تولغ فليهار سپورله اكن سكل مريک ایت جكلواد‬
‫خیل ببلل دمكينله يغ بیت کهنداک‬ ‫ادفون کاسه بيت اكن سبور كفتن هان دغن اورغ دان تیکر بسمبغ مک‬ ‫پست‬
‫کاسه نولس اخلاص سبور اكن‬
‫جاغن اف كيران سپور عايبكن درفد نند اخلاص هات بیت جو ادان‬ ‫اکن سپوركفيتن
‬ Surat ekhlas yang tiada berputusau misra yang tiada berantara trang chuacha netiasa, deri-pada leta Raja Bendabara Paduka Sri Maharaja permaiswara di [negri ] Birut, datang ka-pada Sinnyor Kapitan liggris, yang di negri Jambi itu , yang terlalu amat ’akalana deri-pada segala setru lawan-nya, dan ia-lah yang amat setiawan pada segala [handai] taulan-nya, dan ia-lah yang amat termasbhur pada segala negri khabar -nya, lagi sangat berbuat derma akan segala fakir dan miskin , dan ia- lah yarg menyampaikan ha[jat] dan maksud segala hamba Allah yang bersahaja ka pada-nya . Maka jadi mashhur-lah khabar-nya yang demikian itu pada segala vegri, maka jadi berbaugkit-lah brahi dendam [seg ] khabar yang demikian itu. Amma b'adu kemdian deri itu kirim (?) bêta mengatakan ekhlas hati hêta ka-pada Sinnyor Kapitan Inggris. Ada pun ada paduka Sri Sultan [ Birni] itu menyurohkan Sri Lêla 'Diraja, dan Sri Setia Pahlawan dan Sri Raja Khatib , dan segala merika yang serta-nya itu, akan membawa ​surat berka [seh-kasehan] dengan Pangeran Adipati di negri Jambi itu , supaya jangan lagi berantara negri Birni dan negri Jambi itu sa-lama-lama-nya. Maka ada-lah yang negri Birni [dan] Jambi itu upama sa-buah negri jua ada-nya. Ada pun yang di-kehendaki paduka Sri Sultan, jikalau ada kaseh tulus ekblas Pangeran Adipati itu, paduka Sri] Sultan mehendaki membli sendawa, itu-lah yarg di-kehendaki paduka Sri Sultan ka-pada Pangeran Adipati. Sa-bermula pula jikalau ada kaseh tolong Sinnyor Kapitan] akan bêta minta tolong membli kain gabar itu -lah jikalau ada kaseh tolong Sinnyor Kapitan. Shahadan yang utusan deri Birni itu, petaroh bêta-lah pada pertaina nya ka -pada Allah Tuhan ‘alam sakalian-nya, dan berkat nabi niya 'alaibum ' s-sallama, kemdian dengan tolong plihara Sinnyor lah akan segala merika'itu jikalau ada khilaf belal-nya; demikian - lah yang beta kehendaki kaseh tulus ekhlas Sinnyor akan bêta. Ada pun kaseh bêta akan Sinnyor Kapitan hanya degan sa'orang dan tikar besemborg, Inaka jangan apa kira-nya Sinnyor 'aibkan deri-pada tanda ekhlas bati bêta jua ada-nya akan Sinnyor Kapitan .
A letter of unending friendship and unmarred pleasure, like eternal sunshine, from me the Raja Bendabara Paduka Sri Maha raja, prince in Birni (?) to the English Captain at Jambi, who is very much more intelligent than all his enemies and adversaries, and it is he who is very faithful to all his [friends and] companions, and it is he whose report is widely published in all lands, and who is very charitable to all beggars and poor people, and it is he who satisfies the needs and desires of all the unfortunates who are dependent upon him . Such a report of him has been spread throughout all lands, so that loving desire has arisen [ because of] such a report. Amma b'adu, after that, I am sending (?) this to express the friendship of my heart to the English Captain. Now His Highness the Sultan [of Birni] is sending Sri Lêla Diraja and Sri Setia Pahlawan and Sri Raja Khatib and all those who are with them to take this letter of [affection] to my lord the Governor at Jambi, so that Birniand Jambi should not be sundered for ever, for Birni [and] Jambi are as if they were one country. Now that which is desired by His Highness the Sultan, if there is love sincerity and friendship with ​my lord the Governor, His Highness the Sultan desires to buy saltpetre, that is what His Highness the Sultan desires of my lord the Governor. Once more, if there is love and a disposition to help me with the Captain, I ask you to assist me by buying blankets, that is if the Captain has love and a willingness to help. Again, as for those ambassadors from Birni, I entrust them first of all to God, the Lord of all the universe, and the blessing of his prophet (to him be peace), and afterwards to your help and care for all of them, if they should be guilty of mistakes and stupidity. In this matter I desire your love, sincerity and affection towards me. My love for the Captain is (shown) only with (this present of) an individual and a besembong mat; pray do not despise this mark of the friendship of my heart towards the Captain.
G.-Extract from MS. of Hikayat Sri Rama.
(language characters) ​‫سمبه کند مهاراج دسرة بانهتكوا سري مهاراج سند سكلين دئینهکن منجهاري‬ ‫مقة اكن نكري سفرة تينه سري مهاراج ایت اكن سكارغ دفرتم کن دیواة‬ ‫مليا راي تنمية ايت ترلال ابلق نانهن رات دغن سوغيث ايرث تاور دان‬
‫هوان بایک دغن فسرن ترلال ایلق سكال فد ننه ملة ابت اد سبوه بوكة‬
‫ترلال ابلق روفان دان رتان لايق أكن تمفة استان سری مهاراج *‬ ‫ک‬ ‫ی‬ ‫( مک انبيل سري مهاراج ) منغر كات دمكين دغن سکت ایت‬
‫جوک راج فون مېوره مغكل سكل راجراج لال دنيتهکن دغن سكل‬ ‫فردان منتري دان كشتري دان سكل رعيت سكلين فرك منجلاني مفت‬
‫اية دشن دو تیک هاري جوک سده یغ بوكة نسام لغه اية هندق دفربوة‬ ‫استان قد تغه بركة اية اد سرمقن بوله بنغ اف افبیل دنتق درهدافن‬
‫دبلاغ تمبه افبیل دنق دبلاغ دهدافن تمبه افبیل دنتق درکانن‬ ‫درگيري تمبه افبیل دنتل درگیری درکانن تمبه انیله حالن مک سكل‬
‫راجراج دان فردان منتری كشتري سكلين حيران لال كمبال كند راج مک‬ ‫دفر سمبهك " فري حال سرمون بوله بنغ أية مك نینه مهاراج دسرة‬ ‫جكلو سفكه دمكين بايک له سنديري اك فرك مغداف اورغ منبع بوله‬
​‫ایت مک ایسق ماري مهاراج دسرة فون برلفكت لال برجالن دغن‬ ‫سجل انت راجت دان چتري دان فردان منتری كشتري دان سكل رعيت‬ ‫سفرة اورغ برام رامین دان سكل هلبالغ دان سكل رعیت هین دین کچل بسر‬
‫سمهان مغيرغكن مهاراج دسرةفرک کند نفت ایت هندق بربوة نكري ابت‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫مک دسرة مهاراج فون سمثيله كسان مک مهاراج دسرة ممبري " تيته مېوره‬
‫منبع بوله بتغ ایت مک دغن سکتبك اية جوک دنبغ اورغله بوله اية‬ ‫اقبيل دق درهدافن دبلاغ تمبه دن درکانن دركيري تمبه مک‬
‫مهاراج دست فون حيران مليهة ككيان " دیواة ملي راي مک ننکال اية‬ ‫مهاراج دسرتفون تورن درياتسكباجه امقة بادغن مک دیونسن سمسیرن‬
‫مک دهمفرین رمثن بوله بتغ مک لال دنق اوله مهاراج دغن سكال تتق‬ ‫این جوک هابس فوت رمن بوله اية مك كلها تن دالمن سورغ فتري‬ ‫دودق ديانس فراسن بوله ایت روفان موكان سفرة بولن فرنام مفت بلس‬
‫هاري بولن مك ننکال اية مهاراج دسرة فون مغب کالبین مک دسلموة‬ ‫فتري ابت لال دداكن مک دنایک كن كاتس كباجه اية مک لال‬
‫دباو كمبال كاستان مهاراج دست دغن سکتن دغن سكل بون بپين سفرة‬
‬‬ ​‫أورغ برارق اکن کھاون دمكينله ك مهاراج دسرة مكلال دباو ماسق كذال‬ ‫مالكي مهاراج دسرة *‬
‫مک دان کندهار لاین مک مهاراج دسرة منتهكن مېوره مغكل كل‬ ‫راجراج دان سكل فردان منتري دان کشتری دنبنهكن بربوة فررائن سموه‬
‫دو بلس فنكة يغ تياد برياني فربوان دان يغ كل فون أمثة بوه اكن‬ ‫مغيرغكن فرداكن يغ بسرایت دغن دمكين سكل راجراج بربوة فراكن‬
‫تیاد دغن براف هاري جوک سدهله مك دفر سمبهكن اوله سكل راجراج‬
‫ایت کند مهاراج دسرة اقبيل دانغ جوک فراكن اية مك مهاراج دسرة‬ ‫فون مملاي فكرجان اكن كهاون أية امفت فون هاري امفت فوله مال لمأن‬ ‫برجاک ایت مک سكل رعیت هین دین کچل بسر سورغتون تياد كمبال‬
‫کرومهث سمهان كن هيافن مهاراج دسرة برافت لقس انة دان کربو لمبو‬ ‫دان ببراف القس اغس دان ببراف لقس ابنك دان ببراف لقس كمبغ‬ ‫دان سكل بوث بهين كندغ سروني نكار مرغو نفيري مدلي ستله دانغله‬ ‫کند امفت فوله هاري امفتقوله مالم قد سوات هاري يغ بابک دان‬
‫کتیک یخ بايك مك مهاراج دسرة فون نايك له كأنس فراكن دغن‬ ‫تون فتري بخ برنام فتري مدر دري يغ دم دلم رمقن بوله بتغ اية مک‬
‫مهاراج دسرة فون برارقله بركليلغ نکری بهروان کال جوك بركليلغ مک‬ ‫کریتن " ابتغون فاته مك ببراف بدي بچار اورغ مثمن دي تباد جوک‬
‬‬ ‬ ​‫بتل كرينن ابت *‬
‫مك نتكل اية اد سورغ ‪ ۲‬فرورا مهاراج دسرة بلي دري مان مک‬ ‫ایفون تورن درانس فراكن مک دسغكان كريتن يغ فاته أية ستله سده‬‬‬
‫دباغنكنث فرراكن اية بتل تاغنث فون فاته مک فد کتيک اية جوک‬
‫مك مهاراج دسرة فون ممشکل سكل راجراج دان فردان منتري دان هلبالغ‬
‫دان سكل رعیت مک تیته مهاراج دسرة هي سكل اورغكايا فد سكتیك‬ ‫این بهو همب دان استري همب بروله كملون هم این اكن كوكر درياتس‬
‫فرراکن این اوله سبب بلي دري مناهنكن دغن تغنث مک کریتن همب این‬ ‫بتل تغنش فون فانه درفد ساغة كبقتين پاكفد همب تناف جكلو همب اد‬
‫براوله انت کت دغن دي مک انق همب ایت جديکن راج دفرتون اوله‬
‫تون‪ ۳‬سكلين دلم نكري این مكى ‪ 10‬سكل راجراج دان چنري فردان منتري‬ ‫دان سكل هلبالغ سكلين مان تيته فانك سكلين جنجغ ستله سده برارق مک‬ ‫لال کمبال استان مهاراج دسرة دان فتري منددري مک نفت اية فون‬ ‫دفربوة اكن نكري مک دماي نفت اية نكري مدوفور ناکرا‬
‫برای المان مهاراج دسرة دلم نگری مدوفور نارا دودق سورغ فون‬
‫تیاد برانق مك مهاراج دسرة فون حيران مك مهاراج دسرة فون فرك‬ ‫کند ساورغ مهارسي دیوت نان مک مهاراج دسرة فون منت انق فد‬ ‫مهارسي اية مك مهارسي فون ممبري امشت بين كليك مك كليك آية‬ ‫دامبل مهاراج دسرة ددرر بیج د بريكن كند استريث دو بج دبریکن بلي‬
​‫دري سده ابت یک مهاراج دسر فون كمبليله كاستان حتي براف بولن‬
‫سلغت مك مندو دري فون بتغ بلي دري فون بتغ دانفله کند کنف بولنث‬ ‫مک مندو دري فون برانق بلي دري فون برانق كدوان انق اية لاكتیغ انق‬ ‫مندو دري ورن تبهث سفرة زمروة يغ هجومك دنماي اوله مهاراج دسرة‬ ‫انقد بكند اية سريرام يغ انق بلي دري أية دنماي بردان براف لمان سده‬ 11
‫برانق مك بتغ فول کندوان ستلهكنف بولت مک برانقلکنهدوان کا قولغ‬ ‫انق مندو دري أية دنماي مهاراج لقسمان یغ انق بلي دري اية دنماي‬ ‫چتردان ستله املت اورغ له أنق مهاراج دسرت راج بغ بغسوان ادفون انق‬ ‫ روفان دالم عالم دنیان‬12‫بكندديغ برنام سريرام اینفون بسرله ترلال مها ابلق‬
‫ دان براني دانغله اسيان‬12 ‫سورغ فون نیاد سباكين شهدان كك فركاش‬ - ‫بكند كند توجه تاهن مک ترلال سكال نكل
‬ Ini hikayat ada sa’orang raja, Dasarata Maharaja nama-nya, ayah-nya bernama Dasarata Ramana, anak Dasarata Chakrawata, serta nama-nya anak nabi Adam 'alaibi 's-sallama. Akan raja itu terlalu sakti, shahadan terlalu baik rupa-nya, dan brani, lagi artawan, lagi dermawan, tiada berbagai pada zeman-nya itu. Maka tatkala itu Dasarata Maharaja menchahari tempat yang baik hendak di-perbuatkan-nya akan negri yang sa-kehendak hati-nya, akan di-tinggalkan-nya ka-pada anak-chuchu beginda itu. Maka tatkala itu di-panggil-nya segala perdana mentri, dan kas tria, maka di-titahkan beginda menchahari tempat yang baik, dan tempat yarg rata , dan ayer-nya yang tawar; maka pergi-lah segala perdana mentri kastria menchahari tempat seperti kehendak ​hati Maharaja Dasarata itu. Hata brapa lama-nya segala per- dana mentri dan kastria pergi, maka bertemu dengan suatu tem- Țat seperti kata raja itu, aka segala perdana mentri dan kas- tria pun kembali-lah ka-pada Maharaja Dasarata, lalu berdatang sembah ka-pada Maharaja Dasarata, "Ya tuhan-ku, Sri Maharaja, sanda sakalian di-titahkan menchahari tempat akan negri seperti titah Sri Maharaja itu, akan sekarang di-pertemukan déwata mulia raya tempat itu, terlalu élok tanali-nya, rata, dengan sungai-nya ayer-nya tawar, dan hawa-nya baik, dengan pasir- nya terlalu élok sakali; pada tengah tempat itu ada sa-buah bukit, terlalu élok rupa-nya, dan rata-nya, layak akan tempat istana Sri Maharaja."
[Maka apabila Sri Maharaja] menengar kata demikian, dengan sa-kutika itu juga raja pun menyuroh memanggil segala raja-raja, lalu di-titahkan dengan segala perdana mentri dan kastria dan segala r'ayat sakalian pergi menjalani tempat itu. Dengan dua tiga hari juga sudah. Yang bukit sama tengah itu, hendak di-perbuat istana, pada tengah bukit itu ada sa-rumpun buloh betong; apabila di-tetak deri hadapan di blakang tumboh, apabila di tetak di blakang di hadapan tumboh, apabila di-tetak deri kanan deri kiri tumboh, apabila di-tetak leri kiri deri kanan tumboh, ini-lah hal-nya. Maka segala raja-raja, dan perdana mentri kastria sakalian hairan, lalu kembali ka- pada raja. Maka di-persembahkan-nya pri hal sa-rumpun buloh betong itu. Maka titah Maharaja Dasarata, “Jikalau sunggoh demikian, baik-lah sendiri aku pergi mengadapi orang me- numbang buloh itu." Maka ésok hari Mabaraja Dasarata pun berlangkap lalu berjalan dengan segala anak raja-raja, dan cha- tria, dan perdana mentri, kastria, dan segala r'ayat, seperti orang berramai-ramaian; dan segala hulubalang dan segala r'ayat hina- dina kechil besar samuba-nya mengiringkan Makaraja Dasarata pergi ka-pada tempat itu hendak berbuat negri itu. Maka Dasarata Maharaja pun sampai-lah ka-sana. Maka Maharaja Dasarata membri titah menyuroh menumbang buloh betong itu; maka dengan sa-kutika itu juga di-tebang orang-lah buloh itu. Apabila di-tetak deri hadapan, di blakang tumboh; di-tetak deri kanan, deri kiri tumboh. Maka Maharaja Dasarata pun hairan melihat kekaya'an dêwata mulia raya. Maka tatkala itu Maharaja Dasarata pun turun deri atas gajah ampat gading-nya; maka di-unus-nya samsir-nya, maka di-hampiri-nya rumpun ​buloh betong, maka lalu di-tetak oleli Maharaja, dengan sa-kali tetak itu juga habis putus rumpun buloh itu. Maka kelihatau dalam-nya sa'orang putri dudok di atas perasan (per atasan?) buloh itu, rupa-nya muka-nya seperti bulan purnama ampat-blas hari bulan. Maka tatkala itu Maharaja Dasarata pun mengambil kain, maka di-selimuti Putri itu, lalu di-dakap. Maka di-naikkan-nya ka'atas gajah itu, maka lalu di-bawa kembali ka'is- tana Maharaja Dasarata dengan suka-chita-nya, degan segala bunyi-bunyian, seperti orang berarak akan kahwin, demikian-lah laku Maharaja Dasarata; maka lalu di-bawa masok ka-dalaw maligai Maharaja Dasarata.
Maka datang ka-pada hari lain, maka Maharaja Dasarata menitahkan menyuroh memanggil segala raja-raja, dan segala perdana mentri dan kastria di-titahkan berbuat perarakan sa- buah dua-blas paugkat, yang tiada berbagai perbuatan-nya, dan yang kechil puni ampat buah akan mengirigkan perarakan yang besar itu. Dengan demikian segala raja-raja berbuat perarakan, tiada dengan brapa hari juga sudah-lah, maka di-persembahkan oleh segala raja-raja itu ka-pada Maharaja Dasarata. Apabila datang juga perarakan itu, maka Mabaraja Dasarata pun memula'i pekerja'an akan kahawin itu, ampat-puloh hari ampat-puloh ma- lam lama-nya berjaga itu. Maka segala r'ayat hina-dina kechil- besar sa'orang pun tiada kembali ka-rumah-nya, samula-nya kena hayapan Maharaja Dasarata brapa-brapa laksa onta dan kerbau lembu, dan bebrapa laksa angsa, dan bebrapa laksa itek, dan bebrapa laksa kambing, dan segala bunyi-bunyian, gendang, serunai, nagara, meratgu, nafiri, medeli. Sa-telah datang lah ka- pada ampat-puloh hari ampat-puloh malam, pada suatu hari yang baik dan kulika yang baik, maka Maharaja Dasarata pun naik-lah ka'atas perarakan dengan tuan putri yang bernama Putri Madu Dari, yang diam dalam rumpun buloh betong itu. Maka Maharaja Dasarata pun berarak-lah berkliling negri; heharu anam kali juga berkliling, maka garitan itu pun patah; maka bebrapa budi bichara orang megampu dia tiada juga betul garitan itu. Maka tatkala itu ada sa'orang oraig per wara Malaraja Dasarata, Balis Dari nama-nya, maka ia pun turun deri atas perarakan, maka di- sangga-nya garitan yang patah itu; sa-telah sudah di-bangunkan- nya perarakan itu betul, tangan-nya pun patah. Maka pada ku- tika itu juga maka Maharaja Dasarata pun memanggil segala raja-raja dan perdana mentri dan bulubalang dan segala r'ayat, ​maka titah Maharaja Dasarata, "Hei segala orang-kaya-kaya, pada sa-kutika ini baliwa hamba dan istri hamba beroleh kema- luan, hamba ini akan gugor deri atas perarakan ini; oleh sebab Balia Dari menahankan dengan tangan-nya, maka garitan hamba ini betul, tangan-nya pun patah deri-pada sangat kebaktian-nya ka-pada hamba. Tetapi jikalau hamba ada beroleh anak laki- laki dengan dia, maka anak bamba itu jadikan raja, di-pertuan oleh tuan-tuan sakalian dalam negri ini." Maka [sembah] se- gala raja-raja, dan chatria, perdana mentri, dan segala hulubalang sakalian, "Mana titab, patek sakalian junjong." Sa-telah sudah berarak, maka lalu kembali ka'istana Maharaja Dasarata dan Putri Mandu Dari. Maka tempat itu pun di-perbuat akan negri, maka di-nama'i tempat itu negri Madupura Nagara.
Brapa lama-nya Maharaja Dasarata dalam negri Madupura Nagara dudok, sa'orang pun tiada beranak, maka Maharaja Dasarata pun hairan. Maka Maharaja Dasarata pun pergi ka- pada sa'orang Maharsi, Dewata nama-nya, maka Maharaja Dasarata pun minta anak pada Maharsi itu. Maka Maharsi pun membri ampat biji guliga, maka guliga itu di-ambil Maharaja Dasarata, dua biji di-brikan ka-pada istri-nya, dua biji di-brikan Balia Dari. Sudah itu, maka Maharaja Dasarata pun kembali- lah ka'istana-nya. Hata brapa bulan selang-nya, maka Mandu Dari pun bunting, Balia Dari pun bunting: datang-lah ka-pada genap bulan-nya, maka Mandu Dari pun beranak, Balia Dari pun beranak; kedua-nya anak itu laki-laki. Yang anak Mandu Dari werna tuboh-nya seperti zimrut yang hijau, maka di-nama'i oleh Maharaja Dasarata anakda beginda itu Sri Rama; yang anak Balia Dari itu di-nama'i Berdan. Brapa lama-nya sudah beranak, maka bunting pula kedua-nya; sa-telah genap bulan- nya, maka beranak-lah kedua-nya laki-laki pula. Anak Mandu Dari itu di-nama'i Maharaja Laksamana, yang anak Balia Dari itu di-nama'i Chaterdan. Sa-telah ampat orang-lah anak Maha- raja Dasarata, raja yang bangsawan, ada pun anak beginda yang bernama Sri Rama itu pun be-ar-lah, terlalu maha élok rupa- nya, dalam 'alam dunia ini sa'orang pun tiada sa-bagai-nya, shahadan lagi perkasa dan brani; datang-lah usia-nya beginda ka-pada tujoh tahun, maka terlalu sakali nakal.
* ↑ or China.
* ↑ Note that the word Inggris is used in this heading , whereas Inglitir is used in the body of the letter. It is remarkable that the change from l to r in the word Inggris should have become fixed so soon after the appearance of the English in Acheen, unless the change was previously made in some other language; probably the word came into Malay from one of the languages of British India.
* ↑ In this letter there is no hamzah in such words as keraja'an, perkata'an, sa’orang, etc; merika'itu is the only word in which hamzah appears.
* ↑ The spelling of Sammudara is interesting, especially in view of the fanciful derivation of the word from semut raya, which is given in the "Sejarah Malayu."
* ↑ The letter nya written with three dots below and one above seems to be peculiar to this letter, and is probably only a freak of the European copyist. Sometimes the dot above is omitted.
* ↑ The spelling of the words suku-hati-nya memeri kamu tahu, and other similar forms, should be compared with the more modern system of spelling now in use on the Malay Peninsula. The spelling in this letter is very much more similar to the method of spelling used by the Arabs than the modern Malay spelling ; which is what one would naturally expect.
* ↑ In this letter most of the words of Sanskrit origin are spelt, as in that language, with a shin, whereas they are nowadays spelt with sin, though occasionally even now the shin is retained. Compare the Sanskrit manusha, manushya
* ↑ In Javanese the word dutĕng is spelt with the dotted dul.
* ↑ In modern Malay arta is usually spelt harta, but the Sanskrit is a tha.
* ↑ Sangka is used here, and again lower down, in the sense of being suspicious, which is the primary meaning in Sanskrit.
* ↑ (Jawi characters) should probably read. (Jawi characters)
* ↑ Notice meli for beli. The ha at the end of the word berjual is apparently intended for the ha of the particle lah, the lan at the end of the word jual being made to do duty for the particle lah as well. The tashdid probably belongs to the wau, as it certainly does four lines below.
* ↑ The use of the figure 2 for reduplications (angka dua) seems to be a modern contrivance; it occurs nowhere in these mss.
* ↑ This spelling of beniaga is much nearer to the Sanskrit than the modern berniaga. The same spelling will be found in letter C.
* ↑ This word is probably the Javanese agěm (for piagem), meaning "written authority".
* ↑ Jaka for jika. This, according to Favre, is the form which the word bears in the Dayak and Batta languages.
* ↑ Naun or nawun is the Achinese form for nawung.
* ↑ Berlain is perhaps a copyist's error for berlayer.
* ↑ This word should be laut, the pa being a slip of the pen for ta.‬‬
* ↑ This vowelling of trima is inexplicable.
* ↑ The spelling of pesan is peculiar, and so is the derived form mesankan a few words further on, for memesankan.
* ↑ Probably this should be the Arabic word thabit, settled upon, determined.
* ↑ I take this to be kawan.
* ↑ The dal of datang is dotted, as in Javanese. This is the only instance in this letter of a dotted dal. Compare datang in letter in A. note 7 .
* ↑ This word, which in modern Malay would be spelt with an alif instead of a ha , pertua, has apparently the same meaning as ketua, chief. Van Langen gives:—Petuha: oudste, hoofd van een kampong.
* ↑ This is the writer's transliteration of Harry Middleton. See above page 110.
* ↑ The use of the Arabic word dirham for money is suggestive.
* ↑ This word , which will be found also two lines lower down, is probably from the Arabic root (Arabic characters) and signifies a signed document.
* ↑ According to the system of spelling used in these mss ., this word must be pronounced di-chabuli; di-chabul would be spelt without the wau.
* ↑ Sindur, I am told , is the Hindustani for red-lead. The word is probably of Sanskrit origin.
* ↑ Throughout this ms. mas is spelt without an alif.
* ↑ This use of mengampukan in the sense of "holding in possession" or "being in charge of" is uncommon. Another instance occurs in Kitab Mukhtasar Sharaya Islam, page 367.
* ↑ I suppose this to be the adjective seni, fine, delicate.
* ↑ It is suggested to me that‬‬ (Arabic characters) may be a lapsus calami for (Arabic characters).
* ↑ I presume that this should be bergenta. (Arabic characters)
* ↑ ‫‪I take this to be intended for menyenggarakan, which De Wall gives as:—Zorgen voor iets, in orde houden, etc.
* ↑ ‫‪Note the spelling‬‬ (Arabic characters). ‪This word is now pronounced by Malays seru, ‫‪but it is probable that it is here intended to be pronounced serwa, for seru would have been spelt (Arabic characters) as the word seri is spelt in the first ‫‪of course much nearer to the Sanskrit surva.
* ↑ I have‬‬ taken this to be a slip of the pen for (Arabic characters) which occurs in the‬‬ ‫‪first line of letter F.‬‬
* ↑ Of this list of names of the countries subject to Acheen , the majority ‫‪may be found in the maps in Marsden's Sumatra and Crawford's Dic‫‪tionary of the Malay Archipelago.‬‬
* ↑ The spelling of this place, which is now known as Bencoolen, is worth ‫‪noticing.‬‬
* ↑ See letter A. note 1.
* ↑ ‪This is the only instance in this letter of the use of hamza. See letter ‫‪A. note 2.‬‬
* ↑ ‪Compare the spelling of bri here and memeri in letter A. line 5 with ‫‪the spelling of meli and memeli in letters A. and B. It is strange ‫‪that the former word should be given the final ya and not the latter. ‫‪Dr. v . Ronkel notes that in the Cambridge mss. the forms (Arabic characters) and (Arabic characters) are found in many places, and (Arabic characters) in one instance; I found the spelling (Arabic characters) twice in the Cambridge ms. Gg. 6. 40, page 64.
* ↑ ‪See letter A note 6 on the use of shin for sin.‬‬
* ↑ ‪This is the Portuguese word feitor, English "factor."
* ↑ Kichili, a title of Javanese chiefs.
* ↑ This word is now usually pronounced anugrah, not anugraha.
* ↑ The spelling of kesukaran with a shin is peculiar.
* ↑ The form bijaksana’an is unusual.
* ↑ The spelling (Arabic characters) in this letter, written in the southern part of the ‫‪Archipelago, shows that the omission of the ba is no mere Achinese ‪provincialism.
* ↑ This appears to be a lapsus calami for di Mangkasar.
* ↑ This (language characters) appears to be an unfinished (language characters), intended probably‬‬ to be ‫‪erased.
* ↑ Presumably this should be budak laki-laki, the angka dua being omit‬‫‪ted by mistake.
* ↑ The omission of ra in berdekatan is peculiar.‬‬
* ↑ This word sembilan, written over the top of dalapan is probably in‫‪tended as a correction.
* ↑ This seal had an ornamental border around it, which it was not thought necessary to reproduce.
* ↑ The letters nya and cha always have the three dots upside down in this letter.
* ↑ ‫‪This word di-ketakoti, from takot, is a mixture of Javanese and Malay.‬‬ ‫‪In Javanese the prefix ke is one method of forming the passive.‬‬
* ↑ ‫‪For the use of shin in words of Sanskrit see letter A, note‬‬.
* ↑ The angka dua for reduplication was apparently coming into use at the‬‬ ‫‪date of these Leiden letters.‬‬ ‫‪It occurs but twice in this letter, but‬‬ ‫‪in letter D it is used in every instance.‬‬ ‫‪In the other five Leiden‬‬ ‫‪letters it is used frequently, but not invariably.
* ↑ Note the modern spelling berniaga, and compare letter A. note.‬‬
* ↑ This is a transliteration of the Dutch Raden van Indië, which is here ‬‫‪made into one word.
* ↑ This is the Javanese nityasa , which is from the Sanskrit nityaça. The Malay form of the word is sentiasa, or senentiasa.
* ↑ The question of whether this word is Brunai or Birni has been discussed in the introductory remarks.
* ↑ ‫‪This is the Portuguese senhor.
* ↑ ‫‪I‪t will be found that the Javanese dotted dul is used several times in ‫‪this letter, but not at all consistently.
* ↑ ‫‪‫‪I can only hazard a guess that this may be intended for‬‬ (language characters) kirim.
* ↑ ‫‪‫‪It is not clear who is referred to by this title, but he was pro‬‫‪bably the native ruler. It may be that the Sultan of Birni was‬‬ ‫‪sending the embassy just mentioned to the native ruler of Jambi,‬‬ ‫‪and the Raja Bendahara took the opportunity of sending this letter‬‬ ‫‪at the same time to the English Captain.‬‬
* ↑ ‫‪Mehendaki for menghendaki.‬‬
* ↑ This spelling membeli for membli appears to me to be the only internal evidence which would favour the supposition that the letter may have been written from Brunai, where the short vowel is pronounced very broad.
* ↑ Pijnappel and Favre give this word as gebur.
* ↑ This spelling of tuan with ha is of considerable interest in view of the‬‬ ‫‪uncertainty of the derivation of tuan and Tuhan. If this is not a mere‬‬ ‫‪slip of the pen, it would favour the supposition that the two words are‬‬ ‫‪of common origin , but it should be noticed that elsewhere in this‬‬ ‫‪extract tuan is spelt without the ha.‬‬
* ↑ ‫‪See Letter E, note 5, in regard to the use of angka dua in reduplications. ‪In this ms. it is used occasionally , but the words are more commonly ‫‪spelt out in full.
* ↑ In this ms. the final nya has the dots above in almost every instance.‬‬ ‫‪This is one of the few exceptions.‬‬
* ↑ These two words are only different transliterations of the same‬‬ ‫‪Sanskrit word kshatria. The Malay translator of the Ramayana‬‬ ‫‪can hardly have been aware of this, or he would not have been likely ‫‪to put them both in the same sentence as if they were different ranks‬‬ ‫‪or titles.‬‬ Note that kastria is spelt sometimes with sin and sometimes with shin.‬‬
* ↑ This is exactly the Sanskrit samuha, whereas the word has now‬‬ ‫‪become semua or semoa, and is spelt سموا
* ↑ ‫‪Compare with this the spelling of the same word without the ba in some‬‬ of the letters.
* ↑ ‫‪The use of the hamza is much more common in this ms. than in letters ‫‪A. B. and C., which must have been written about the same time.
* ↑ ‫‪This is evidently a lapsus calami for pula.
* ↑ ‫‪I cannot make any guess as to the derivation of this word, though‬‬ ‫‪the meaning may easily be inferred.
* ↑ ‫‪The word sembah is needed here to complete the sentence.‬‬
* ↑ A lapsus calami for pula.
* ↑ This word is now spelt with a sin. Compare the Sanskrit prakâça.