OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Wyon, William

Edition of 1920. See also William Wyon on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WYON, wī'ȯn, William, English engraver and designer of coins and medals: b. Birmingham, 1795; d. Brighton, Sussex, 29 Oct. 1851. Having won several prizes for medals offered by the Society of Arts, he went in 1816 to London and was appointed second engraver at the mint, a post which he filled until the close of his life. In 1832 he was elected an associate of the Royal Academy, and in 1838 an academician, being the first of his department who had ever obtained these honors. His works, comprising coins, pattern pieces of coins not used, medals and seals are numerous. His coins cover a period of nearly 30 years, including the latter part of the reign of George IV, the reign of William IV, and the first 13 years of the reign of Victoria. Far more numerous than these are his war, scientific, artistic and testimonial medals, executed from his own or from Flaxman's designs, and in the highest style of art.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Wright, Elizur

Edition of 1920. See also Elizur Wright on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WRIGHT, Elizur, American abolitionist, b. South Canaan, Conn., 12 Feb. 1804; d. Medford, Mass., 21 Nov. 1885. He was graduated at Yale in 1886, was professor of mathematics in Western Reserve College in 1829-33, and became identified with the anti-slavery movement in the last-named year. He then removed to New York, where he edited Human Rights (1834-35), and the Quarterly Anti-Slavery Magazine (1837-38), and was at the same time secretary of the Anti-Slavery Society. Removing to Boston in 1838 he there edited the
Massachusetts Abolitionist, the Daily Chronotype (1845), and The Commonwealth, its successor (1850). He published ‘Savings Banks Life Insurance’ (1872); ‘The Politics and Mysteries of Life Insurance’ (1873), etc., and was (1858-66) insurance commissioner of Massachusetts. He wrote an introduction to Whittier's poems (1844), and published a translation in verse of ‘La Fontaine's Fables’ (1859).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Wyoming Valley

Edition of 1920. See also Wyoming Valley and Battle of Wyoming on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WYOMING VALLEY, a crescent-shaped valley in Luzerne County, Pa., traversed by the
northern branch of the Susquehanna River; length, 21 miles. It is a fertile alluvial plain, with rich deposits of anthracite coal, and is noted for its beautiful scenery. The valley was claimed by the colony of Connecticut as early as 1753 and was first settled by people from Connecticut; the ensuing dispute between Pennsylvania and Connecticut over this territory is known as the “Pennamite and Yankee war,”and was not finally settled till after the Revolutionary War. (See Pennsylvania; Boundary Controversies). In 1782 a commission appointed by Congress decided in favor of Pennsylvania; an attempt was made to drive out the Connecticut settlers which led to a renewal of the war; but in 1788 Pennsylvania confirmed the titles of all actual settlers to their land, and all controversy was ended by 1800. During the Revolutionary War a large proportion of the men of the Wyoming Valley joined the Continental army; but a number of Tories were living in the valley; and in 1778, when they were joined by British troops and Indian allies, an attack was made upon the settlers who had taken refuge in Forty Fort, near Wilkes-Barre. The settlers did not number over 400, chiefly boys and old men; the British force, including the 700 Indians, was about 1,100. After a desperate battle fought on the 3d of July 1778 the settlers were completely defeated, about two-thirds being killed. They were forced to capitulate, and after the surrender many of the prisoners were tortured and killed by the Indians. The greater part of the inhahitants of the valley were compelled to flee to other settlements and endured great hardships. Consult Miner, ‘History of Wyoming’ (1845); Stone, ‘Poetry and History of Wyoming’ (1844); Peck, ‘Wyoming: its History and Incidents’ (1858); Smith, ‘Story of Wyoming Valley’ (Kingston, Pa., 1906).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Yggdrasill

Edition of 1920. See also Yggdrasil on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
YGGDRASILL, or YGDRASIL, ĭg'dră-sĭl, in Scandinavian mythology, the giant ash tree overspreading the whole world and reaching above the heavens. It binds together earth, heaven and hell, and its roots stretch out to the Asa or Æsir gods in heaven, to the frost and to the under world. A marvelous fountain
springs up under each of these three great roots and in the tree, whose boughs drip continually with honey, dwell an eagle and the squirrel Ratatöskr. At its roots the serpent Nithöggr gnaws, and between the serpent and the eagle runs the squirrel constantly endeavoring to provoke the two to strife. Certain writers detect in this myth a distortion of the story of the Cross, but the translator of Grimm says, “it were a far likelier theory, that floating heathen traditions of the world tree, soon after the conversion in Germany, France or England, attached themselves to an object of Christian faith just as heathen temples and holy places were converted into Christian ones.”
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Wyoming (Pa.)

Edition of 1920. See also Wyoming, Pennsylvania on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WYOMING, Pa., borough in Luzerne County, on the Susquehanna River, five miles north of Wilkes-Barre, and on the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the Lehigh Valley railroads. It is situated in an iron and coal-mining district and there are manufactures of paint, shovels and flour. Pop. about 3,010.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Wyss, Johann Rudolf

Edition of 1920. See also Johann Rudolf Wyss on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WYSS, vĭs, Johann Rudolf, Swiss author b. Bern, 13 March 1781; d. there, 31 March 1830. He was educated at various German universities, became professor of philosophy at Bern in 1806, and later also chief librarian. His
‘Der Schweizerische Robinson’ (1812-13), an imitation of Defoe, was translated into various languages, the first series appearing in English (‘Swiss Family Robinson’) in 1820, the second in 1849. Wyss also wrote ‘Vorlesungen über das Höchste Gut’ (1811), and ‘Idyllen und Erzählungen aus der Schweiz’ (1815-22); ‘Reise im Berner Oberland’ (1808); and edited the collection ‘Alpenrose’ (1811-30). Wyss is the author of the Swiss national anthem, ‘Rufst du, mein Vaterland?’
# The Eye-Witness

Content exists for this periodical, though at this stage it is not specifically organised beyond a basic hierarchy.
The pages listed below are an automatically generated listing.
Special:PrefixIndex/The Eye-Witness/
# The Gardener (Tagore)/9

When I go alone at night to my love-tryst, birds do not sing, the wind does not stir, the houses on both sides of the street stand silent. It is my own anklets that grow loud at every step and I am ashamed.
When I sit on my balcony and listen for his footsteps, leaves do not rustle on the trees, and water is still in the river like the sword on the knees of a sentry fallen asleep. It is my own heart that beats wildly-I do not know how to quiet it.
When my love comes and sits by my side, when my body trembles and my eyelids droop, the night darkens, the wind blows out the lamp, and the clouds draw veils over the stars. It is the jewel at my own breast that shines and gives light. I do not know how to hide it.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/83

SHE dwelt on the hillside by the edge of a maize-field, near the spring that flows in laughing rills through the solemn shadows of ancient trees. The women came there to fill their jars, and travellers would sit there to rest and talk. She worked and dreamed daily to the tune of the bubbling stream.
One evening the stranger came down from the cloud-hidden peak; his locks were tangled like drowsy snakes. We asked in wonder, “Who are you?” He answered not but sat by the garrulous stream and silently gazed at the hut she dwelt. Our hearts quaked in fear an we came back home when it was night.
Next morning when the women came to fetch water at the spring by the deodar trees, they found the doors open in her hut, but her voice was gone and where was her smiling face? The empty jar lay on the floor and her lamp had burnt itself out in the corner. No one knew where she had fled to before it was morning — and the stranger had gone.
In the month of May the sun grew strong and the snow melted, and we sat by the spring and wept. We wondered in our mind, “Is there a spring in the land where she has gone and where she can fill her vessel in these hot thirsty days?” And we asked each other in dismay, “Is there a land beyond these hills where we live?”
It was a summer night; the breeze blew from the south; and I sat in her deserted room where the lamp stood still unlit. When suddenly from before my eyes the hills vanished like curtains drawn aside. “Ah, it is she who comes. How are you, my child? Are you happy? But where can you shelter under this open sky? And, alas, our spring is not here to allay your thirst.”
“Here is the same sky,” she said, “only free from the fencing hills, — this is the same stream grown into a river, — the same earth widened into a plain.” “Everything is here,” I sighed, “only we are not.” She smiled sadly and said, “You are in my heart.” I woke up and heard the babbling of the steram and the rustling of the deodars at night.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/81

WHY do you whisper so faintly in my ears, O Death, my Death? When the flowers droop in the evening and the cattle come back to their stalls, you stealthily come to my side and speak words that I do not understand. Is this how you must woo and win me with the opiate of drowsy murmur and cold kisses, O Death, my Death?
Will there be no proud ceremony for our wedding? Will you not tie up with a wreath your tawny coiled locks? Is there none to carry your banner before you, and will not the night be on fire with your red torch-lights, O Death, my Death? >br> Come with your conch-shells sounding, come in the sleepless night. Dress me with a crimson mantle, grasp my hand and take me. Let your chariot be ready at my door with your horses neighing impatiently. Raise my veil and look at my face proudly, O Death, my Death!
# The Gardener (Tagore)/8

When the lamp went out by my bed, I woke up with the early birds. I sat at my open window with a fresh wreath on my loose hair. The young traveler came along the road in the rosy mist of the morning. A pearl chain was on his neck, and the sun's rays fell on his crown. He stopped before my door and asked me with an eager cry, 'Where is she?' For very shame I could not say, 'She is I, young traveler, she is I.'
It was dusk and the lamp was not lit. I was listlessly braiding my hair. The young traveler came on his chariot in the glow of the setting sun. His horses were foaming at the mouth, and there was dust on his garment. He alighted at my door and asked in a tired voice, 'Where is she?' For very shame I could not say, 'She is I, weary traveler, she is I.'
It is an April night. The lamp is burning in my room. The breeze of the south comes gently. The noisy parrot sleeps in its cage. My bodice is of the color of the peacock's throat, and my mantle is green as young grass. I sit upon the floor at the window watching the deserted street. Through the dark night I keep humming, 'She is I, despairing traveler, she is I.'
# The Gardener (Tagore)/82

WE are to play the game of death to-night, my bride and I. The night is black, the clouds in the sky are capricious, and the waves are raving at sea. We have left our bed of dreams, flung open the door and come out, my bride and I. We sit upon a swing, and the storm winds give us a wild push from behind. My bride starts up with fear and delight, she trembles and clings to my breast. Long have I served her tenderly. I made for her a bed of flowers and I closed the door to shut out the rude light from her eyes. I kissed he gently on her lips and whispered softly in her ears till she half swooned in languor. She was lost in the endless mist of vague sweetness. She answered not to my touch, my songs failed to arouse her. To-night has come to us the call of the storm from the wild. My bride has shivered and stood up, she has clasped my hand and come out. Her hair is flying in the wind, her veil is fluttering, he garland rustles over her breast. The push of death has swung her into life. We are face to face and heart to heart, my bride and I.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/84

OVER the green and yellow rice-fields sweep the shadows of the autumn clouds following by the swift-chasing sun. The bee forget to sip their honey; drunken with light they foolishly hover and hum. The ducks in the islands of the river clamour in joy for mere nothing. Let none go back home, brothers, this morning, let none go to work. Let us take the blue sky by storm and plunder space as we run. Laughter floats in the air like foam on the flood. Brothers, let us squander our morning in futile songs.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/85

WHO are you, reader, reading my poems an hundred years hence? I cannot send you one single flower from this wealth of the spring, one single streak of gold from yonder clouds. Open your doors and look abroad. From your blossoming garden gather fragrant memories of the vanished flowers of an hundred years before. In the joy of your heart may you feel the living joy that sang one spring morning, sending its glad voice across an hundred years.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/Advertisements

By RABINDRANATH TAGORE
GITANJALI
(SONG OFFERINGS)
A Collection of Prose Translations made by the Author from the Original Bengali
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY W. B. YEATS
AND A PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR BY W. ROTHENSTEIN
Crown 8vo. 4s. 6d. net.
THE ATHENÆUM.—"Mr. Tagore's translations are of trance-like beauty. … The expanding sentiment of some of the poems wins, even through the alien medium of our English prose, a rhythm which in its strength and melody might recall familiar passages in the Psalms or Solomon's Song."
THE NATION.—"Only the classics of mystical literature provide a standard by which this handful of 'Song Offerings' can be appraised or understood. … From the point of view of pure literature, their high quality can hardly be contested; yet it is not mere literary excellence which their author has sought, nor is it here that their deepest interest lies. They are offerings, from finite to infinite oblations, as their creator holds that all art should be, laid upon the altar of the world."
THE DAILY NEWS.—"One of the most significant books that have appeared in our time. … They reveal a poet of undeniable authority and a spiritual influence singularly in touch with modern thought and modern needs.
LONDON: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd.
OTHER WORKS BY
RABINDRANATH TAGORE
Pott 4to.4s. 6d. net.
THE CRESCENT MOON
CHILD-POEMS
Translated by the Author from the Original Bengali. With 8 Illustrations in Colour.
Extra Crown 8vo.
SĀDHANĀ: THE REALISATION OF LIFE A SERIES OF LECTURES
8vo.
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MAHARSHI DEVENDRANATH TAGORE [FATHER OF RABINDRANATH TAGORE]
With Introduction by Evelyn Underhill.
LONDON: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd.
# The Gardener (Tagore)/80

WITH a glance of your eyes you could plunder all the wealth of songs struck from poets′ harps, fair woman! But for their praises you have no ear, therefore I come to praise you. You could humble at your feet the proudest heads in the world. But it is your loved ones, unknown to fame, whom you choose to worship, therefore I worship you. The perfection of your arms would add glory to kingly splendour with their touch. But you use them to sweep away the dust, and to make clean your humble home, therefore I am filled with awe.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kopp, Georg

Edition of 1920. See also Georg von Kopp on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOPP, kŏp, Georg, German cardinal and statesman: b. Duderstadt, 27 July 1837; d. 1914. He was the son of a poor weaver and attended the gymnasium at Hildesheim. In 1856 he became a telegraph operator in the employ of the Hanoverian government. From 1858 to 1861 he studied theology and in 1862 entered the priesthood. He rose rapidly in his profession and in 1872 was made vicar-general at Hildesheim and three years later bishop of Fulda. His reasonable ultramontanism was exercised in bringing about a better understanding between the German government and the papal curia. After his election to the House of Lords he obtained a mitigation of the harsh anti-Catholic provisions which characterized the May laws. In 1887, with the approval of the Prussian government, the Pope appointed him prince-bishop of Breslau, and in 1893 he was made cardinal.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kordyan

Edition of 1920. See also Kordian on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KORDYAN. The revolution of 1830-31 was a prolific source for Polish literary works. Julius Stowacki seized upon the historic incident of the attempted assassination of Tsar Nicholas, who came to Warsaw to be crowned king of Poland, to create a Polish hero for the troubled times. Imitating Byron's ironical attitude, Stowacki in the introduction to his poem treats the contemporary actors in the revolution rather flippantly. Then, representing his own early excesses and lack of faith and the change of mind which he experienced in Switzerland, he makes the hero, Kordyan, look with contempt upon his aristocratic habits and abandon his life of a lovelace, and lets him return to the sands of Mazovia, there by an inner transformation to do good to his native country. Kordyan attends a meeting of revolutionists in Saint John's Church in Warsaw, where he makes an impassioned appeal, one that has become a classic passage in Polish literature, that Nicholas be killed. But the only scene which by modern Polish critics is considered as devoid of romantic exaggeration is where Kordyan, under the influence of the mood induced by the tragic situation, is trying to combat his own hallucination and terror. This, no doubt, is a correct representation of the poet's own struggle with his feverish imagination, caused by his abhorrence of war, just as he became conscious of the moral necessity of joining the ranks of the revolutionists. A good discussion of the poem may be found in G. Sarrazin, ‘Les grands poètes romantiques de la Pologne’ (Paris 1906, pp. 221-225).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Korn, Arthur

Edition of 1920. See also Arthur Korn on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KORN, kôrn, Arthur, German physicist: b. Breslau, 20 May 1870. He studied at the Breslau and Berlin gymnasiums and, consecutively, at the universities of Freiburg, Leipzig (1886), Paris (1890) and Berlin (1891). He was given degrees and (1890) became private teacher (docent) of physics in Munich (1895), then assistant professor (1903) and professor, and has resided, since 1908, at Charlottenburg. His work consisted of experiment and writing on long-distance photography, the phototelautograph, physical phenomena, mechanics; but he has devoted his best labors to the potential theory and the mathematics of physics. Among his numerous published works are ‘Eine Theorie der Gravitation und der elektrischen Erscheinungen auf Grundlage der Hydrodynamik’ (2d ed., 1896); ‘Ueber Molecular-Funktion’ (1897); ‘Lehrbuch der Potentialtheorie’ (Berlin 1899-1901); ‘Freie und erzwungene Schwingungen’ (1910); ‘Handbuch der Phototelegraphie und Telautographie’ (1911). He has also contributed numerous articles to such journals as Berichte der Bayrischen Akademie der Wissenschaft; Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences; Naturwissenschaftliches Wochenschrift, etc.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kopp, Joseph Eutychius

Edition of 1920. See also ADB:Kopp, Joseph Eutych on German Wikisource, and the disclaimer.
KOPP, Joseph Eutychius, Swiss antiquarian: b. Beromünster, canton of Lucerne, 23 April 1793; d. Lucerne, 25 Oct. 1866. He studied theology and philology in Lucerne and Freiburg, and in 1819 was appointed professor of Greek in the lyceum of the former town. While serving in the legislative body of the republic, he was led as a “conservative Catholic” into such bitter controversy with the Jesuits, that in 1845 he was compelled to retire into private life and undertook a tour by way of Vienna to Rome, for the purpose of examining such archives as might throw light upon the history
of his native country. He was elected corresponding member of the academies of Berlin and Vienna. Self-taught as he was, he became the Niebuhr of Swiss history, and proved how her true annals had been obscured by such legends as those of William Tell, etc. Among his chief publications are ‘Geschichte der Eidgenössischen Bünde’ (1862): ‘Geschichtsblätter aus des Schweiz’ (1856); ‘Dramatische Gedichte’ (1866).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kornemann, Ernst W. G.

Edition of 1920. See also Ernst Kornemann on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KORNEMANN, kôr'nĕ-män, Ernst W. G., German historian: b. Rosenthal, 11 Oct. 1868. He studied at Giessen (1878-89) and Berlin (1889-92), and took the degree of doctor of philosophy (1891); he was appointed assistant professor teaching under the faculty (1892). He became private teacher (docent) of ancient history at Giessen (1892) and took the degree of professor at Tübingen (1902). With Dr. Lehmann-Haupt, of Liverpool, he established the periodical Klio, dedicated to ancient history, and later took up his residence in Tübingen. He wrote ‘De civibus Romanis in provinciis imperii consistentibus’ (1891); ‘Die historische Schriftstellerei des Consuls Asinius Pollio’ (1896); ‘Zur Geschichte der Graechenzeit’ (1903); ‘Die neue Livius-epitome aus Oxyrhynchus’ (1904); ‘Kaiser Hadrian und der letzte grosse Historiker von Rom’ (1905); ‘Priesterkodex in der Regia und die Entstehung der altrömische Pseudogeschichte’ (1912). Besides numerous articles written for Klio he contributed on classical subjects to the Realencyklopedia of Pauly-Wissowa-Kroll.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kordofan

Edition of 1920. See also Kurdufan on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KORDOFAN, kŏr-dō-fän', Africa, a province of Egyptian Sudan, between the White Nile and Darfur; area, about 130,000 square miles. The principal articles of export are gum, hides and senna leaves, all monopolized by the government as most lucrative; ivory, cattle, tamarinds, ostrich eggs and feathers, gold, salt, slaves, etc.; the imports spices, sugar, coffee, sulphur, rice, soap, cotton and linen cloth, etc. From 1821 onward Kordofan was subject to the viceroy of Egypt, the country having been subdued by Mehemet Ali. In 1883 it took part in the successful Mahdist revolt, but was trained for Great Britain and Egypt in 1898. Pop. about 300,000.