OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Cox, James Middleton

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
COX, JAMES MIDDLETON, an American public official, born in Jacksonburg, O., in 1870. He was the son of Gilbert and Eliza A. Cox. His father was a farmer and his early days were spent at Jacksonburg on his father's farm. His first schooling was obtained in the country schools of the neighborhood, but he later removed to Middletown, where he again attended the village school. For several years he taught school and at the same time wrote for the local newspapers. Removing to Cincinnati, he became a reporter on the staff of the “Inquirer,” and during this service he made the acquaintance of Paul J. Sorg, a wealthy tobacco manufacturer, and when the latter was elected to Congress, Cox became his private secretary. Following the conclusion of this service, he purchased the Dayton “News” of Dayton, O., and, with Mr. Sorg's help, built it up until it was a very profitable enterprise. Five years later he purchased the Springfield, O., “Press Republic.” These two papers formed the news league of Ohio. In 1908 he was elected to Congress, and on the expiration of his term, was re-elected. He served on the Committee of Appropriations and gained the
conviction of the necessity of a budget system for the State and Nation. During his second term in Congress, he was nominated for governor of Ohio, and, after an aggressive campaign, was elected. At the same time there was adopted a new State constitution and in connection with the application of this instrument, Governor Cox inaugurated many reforms of his own, including a model rural school measure, and reforms relating to taxation and financial reform. At the expiration of his first term, he
retired from public office, having been defeated, but he was re-elected again in 1916 and again in 1918. His administration of the office of governor was notable. In addition to the measures noted above, he put into effect the Workmen's Compensation Law, Mothers' Pension Law, Child Labor Law, and the Budget Law. His administration attracted wide attention and he became one of the strongest candidates for the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1920. He was nominated on the 44th ballot at the convention at San Francisco, on July 6th. Following his nomination he at once began an aggressive campaign of speech-making throughout the country, and, from this time until Nov. 2, visited nearly every State in the Union. He was defeated by Senator Harding, the Republican candidate, and at once resumed his
duties as governor of Ohio, serving until March 4, 1921. See United States, History.
JAMES M. COX
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Cracow

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
CRACOW, the old capital of Poland; in 1815-1846 capital of a republic of the same name later forming part of Austrian Galicia; is on the left bank of the Vistula, where it becomes navigable, and consists of Cracow proper, or the old city, and several suburbs. It is the see of a bishop, is well built and regularly
fortified. The cathedral, a fine old Gothic edifice, contains monuments of many Polish kings, of Kosciusko, etc. The university was founded in 1364, but gradually fell into decay, and was reorganized in 1817. It has a library of 300,000 volumes. Three miles from the city is a hill 65 feet high thrown up in 1820-1823 in honor of Kosciusko. In November, 1914, the Russians reached the outer line of forts, but were repulsed by Austrian forces. The region around the city was the scene for concentrating German-Austrian armies for Mackensen's drive, which resulted in the reconquest of nearly all of Galicia. As a result of the World War Cracow became a part of the new republic of Poland (q. v.). Pop. about 180,000.
# Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes

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A collection of traditional nursery rhymes, plus one original rhyme ("We have a little garden").
Cecily Parsley's
Nursery Rhymes
BY BEATRIX POTTER
CECILY PARSLEY'S
NURSERY RHYMES
FOR LITTLE PETER
IN NEW ZEALAND
CECILY PARSLEY'S NURSERY RHYMES
BY BEATRIX POTTER
Author of "The Tale of Peter Rabbit," etc.
NEW YORK FREDERICK WARNE & CO., Ltd.
[All rights reserved]
Copyright, 1922,
by
Frederick Warne & Co., Ltd.
CECILY PARSLEY lived in a pen, And brewed good ale for gentlemen;
GENTLEMEN came every day,
Till Cecily Parsley ran away.
GOOSEY, goosey, gander,
Whither will you wander?
Upstairs and downstairs, And in my lady's chamber!
THIS pig went to market;
This pig stayed at home;
​THIS pig had a bit of meat;
​AND this pig had none;
THIS little pig cried
Wee! wee! wee!
I can't find my way home.
PUSSY-CAT sits by the fire;
How should she be fair?
In walks the little dog,
Says "Pussy! are you there?"
HOW do you do, Mistress Pussy?
Mistress Pussy, how do you do?"
"I thank you kindly, little dog,
I fare as well as you!"
THREE blind mice, three blind mice,
See how they run!
They all run after the farmer's wife,
And she cut off their tails with a carving knife,
Did you ever see such a thing in your life
As three blind mice!
BOW, wow, wow!
Whose dog art thou?
"I'm little Tom Tinker's dog,
Bow, wow, wow!"
WE have a little garden,
A garden of our own,
And every day we water there
The seeds that we have sown.
WE love our little garden,
And tend it with such care,
You will not find a faded leaf
Or blighted blossom there.
NINNY NANNY NETTICOAT,
In a white petticoat, With a red nose,— The longer she stands, The shorter she grows.
~ M$^Ṟ$TOD ~
THE
"Peter Rabbit" books
* FIRST SERIES •
* PETER RABBIT
* SQUIRREL NUTKIN
* TAILOR OF GLOUCESTER
* BENJAMIN BUNNY
* TWO BAD MICE
* M$^{RS}$ TIGGY-WINKLE
* M$^R$ JEREMY FISHER
* TOM KITTEN
* JEMIMA PUDDLE-DUCK
* THE FLOPSY BUNNIES
* M$^{RS}$ TITTLEMOUSE
* TIMMY TIPTOES
* THE TALE OF M$^R$ TOD •
* THE TALE OF PIGLING BLAND
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1943, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 80 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Lion

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LION, in zoölogy, Felis leo (formerly elevated into a distinct genus with a single species, Leo nobilis) , one of the largest and the most important of the living carnivora. Its range in historical time is very wide. The Hebrew Scriptures abound with references to it, and in the time of Darius lions were employed to execute judicial sentences (Dan. vi: 16-24). It is mentioned by Homer; Herodotus and Theocritus mention lions as found in Africa, and in Europe; by Vergil, by Ovid, by Martial in almost every book, and by Catullus. It played an important part in the sanguinary games of the Roman amphitheater. Its geographical range is now confined to Africa and the S. W. of Asia, extending E. as far as Gujerat. It varies
somewhat in size; but for an adult African male, from snout to tip of tail, 10 feet, tail 3 feet, height at shoulder, 3 feet 6 inches, are average measurements. The Gujerat variety is somewhat smaller. “In color lions vary from a deep chestnut-brown to gray. The color of the mane varies equally. In the Nubian lion it is generally pale iulvous, and in Cape lions black, but all intermediate shades are found both in Nubia and the Cape country.” Professor Dawkins enumerated among the Mid Pleistocene, and again among Late Pleistocene mammalia of Great Britain Felis leo. A Felis spelæa was once recognized; it is now deemed not specifically distinct from the common lion. In the Early Pleistocene, Professor Dawkins has the saber-toothed lion, sometimes called the saber-toothed tiger.
LION
LIONESS
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Loire

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LOIRE (lwär), the longest river in France, rising in the Cévennes, in the department of Ardèche, at an elevation of 4,511 feet, flowing in a N. and N. W. direction through the center of France as
far as Orléans, where it bends round to the S. W. and continues on to Tours; thence following, in general, a W. course to its embouchure in the Bay of Biscay. It is tidal to Nantes, 35 miles from its mouth; entire length, 620 miles. It becomes navigable a little above Roanne, 550 miles from the sea. The Loire is notorious for the destructive inundations it causes, though the lower part of its course is protected by large dykes or levès, 20 feet high. The principal tributaries are the Nièvre and the Maine (which is formed by the Sarthe, its affluent the Loir, and the Mayenne) on the right; and the Allier, Cher, Indre, and Vienne, on the left. The Loire is canalized along considerable stretches of its course, and is connected with the Seine, the Saône, and the harbor of Brest by canals. Its valley is extremely fertile. Area of drainage basin, 44,450 square miles.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Louis Philippe

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​LOUIS PHILIPPE (lö′ē fi-lēp′), King of the French; born in Paris, France, Oct, 6, 1773. He was the eldest son of Duke Louis Philippe Joseph of Orleans, surnamed Egalité, and during his father's lifetime he was known as Duke of Chartres. He entered the army in 1791, and favoring the popular cause in the Revolution he took part in the battles of Valmy and Jemappes; was present at the bombardment of Venloo and Maestricht, and distinguished himself at Neerwinden. For 21 years he remained exiled from France, living in various European countries and in America. He had become Duke of Orleans on the death of his father in 1793, and in 1809 he married the daughter of Ferdinand IV. of Naples. After the fall of Napoleon I. he returned to France and was reinstated in his rank and property. At the revolution of July, 1830, he was made “Lieutenant-General of the Kingdom,” and in August became king of the French. He reigned for 18 years, when the revolution of 1848 drove him from the throne to England, where he remained till his death in Claremont, Aug. 26, 1850.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Louis Quatorze

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​LOUIS QUATORZE (kä-tōrz′), the name given to a meretricious style of architecture and internal decoration which prevailed in France in the reign of Louis XIV. It was marked by a deterioration of taste, the natural laws of architecture being more and more neglected, and replaced by certain conventional rules for the application of the Roman columnar orders. The windows are larger, the rooms more lofty, than in the preceding period, and in everything there was a striving after pomp and sumptuousness. Gilt stucco work was largely used, the scroll and shell patterns being the characteristic features of ornamental decoration, the panels being formed by chains of scrolls, concave and convex alternately, but symmetry of arrangement was largely neglected.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linseed Oil

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINSEED OIL, the fixed oil expressed from linseed. Linseed oil consists of the glycerides of linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids, about nine-tenths of the whole being the glyceride of linoleic acid. It may be taken as the type of the class known as drying oils, from their property of drying up into a transparent, tough, resinous mass when exposed to the air. When the oil is boiled for some time, till it loses about one-sixth of its weight, it becomes thicker, tenacious, and viscid, and dries up, still more readily than in the fresh state, into a turpentine-like mass, scarcely soluble in oils. It then forms the basis of printers' and painters' varnishes. Linseed oil, mixed with chloride of sulphur, forms caoutchouc-like products, and with alkalies a soft soap.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Linz

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LINZ, capital of the crown-land of Upper Austria; 117 miles W. of Vienna, on the Danube. As a place of some strategic importance Linz has been besieged on several occasions, notably by the peasants in 1626, and during the war of the Austrian Succession in 1741 and again in 1742. Here peace was signed between the Emperor Ferdinand III. and George Rakoczy of Transylvania in 1645, and in the vicinity Bernadotte defeated the Austrians in 1809. Pop. about 70,000.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Logic

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LOGIC, as known in the present day, is a development and modification of the techné dialektikē = art of reasoning, which Aristotle, utilizing the labors of his predecessors, and notably those of Zeno of Elea, molded into something like consistent shape. The first development of Aristotelian logic was by the Scholastics. At the time of the Reformation, probably as a protest, Scholasticism was depreciated, and at some of the Scotch universities it was discarded for Ramism. The subtle distinctions and keen disputations of the Schoolmen led in the next century to Bacon's condemnation of the perversion — not of the cultivation — of logical pursuits. Locke was not so moderate, as may be seen in his “Essay.”
Generally speaking, down to the first half of the 19th century there was little dispute as to how logic should be defined. The Port Royalists had certainly called it the Art of Thinking; but the Art or Science of Reasoning, or the Art and Science of Reasoning met with little opposition as a definition. This is how Whately defines it, and a writer of such opposite opinions as Tongiorgi, S. J., has substantially the same words; and a parallel passage to Whately's explanation as to how logic is at once a science and an art, occurs in Liberatore, who is read in many of the ecclesiastical colleges in Rome.
Deductive logic, syllogistic logic; in which no more is inferred in the conclusion than is implicitly contained in the premises.
Equational logic, a system of logical notation in which propositions are expressed in the form of equations.
Inductive logic, the science which treats of inductive reasoning, by which, broadly speaking, a general proposition is inferred from a number of particular propositions.
Modified logic, that logic which is concerned in the investigation of truth and its contradictory opposite error; of the causes of error, and the impediments to truth and their removal, and of the subsidiaries by which human thought may be strengthened and guided in its functions.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Lohengrin

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LOHENGRIN (lō'en-grin), the hero of an old High German poem, written in the end of the 13th century. He was the son of Parzival, and a knight of the Grail. At King Arthur's command he was taken by a swan through the air to Mainz, where he fought for Elsa, daughter of the Duke of Brabant, overthrew her persecutor, and married the lady. Then he accompanied the emperor to fight against the Hungarians, and subsequently warred against the Saracens. On his return home to Cologne, Elsa, contrary to his prohibition, persisted in asking him about his origin. After being asked a third time he told her, but was at the same time carried away by the swan back to the Grail. Rückert's edition (1857) of the poem is the best. The poem is a continuation of Wolfram von Eschenbach's “Parzival.” Wagner made it the subject of his great opera, “Lohengrin” (1848).
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Little Rock

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LITTLE ROCK, a city, capital of the State of Arkansas, and county-seat of Pulaski co.; on the Arkansas river, St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern, the St. Louis Southwestern and the Rock Island railroads; 125 miles S. W. of Memphis. It is the trade and jobbing center of the State; and has cotton-seed oil mills, gas works, railroad machine shops, cooperage shops, etc. It is the seat of the Law and Medical College of Arkansas, Arkansas Industrial University, and the Arkansas Schools for Deaf Mutes and the Blind, Little Rock University, Arkansas Female College, and Philander Smith College. It contains the State capitol, State Library, St. John's Military College, high schools, and convents; and has gas; electric light and street railroad plants; waterworks, many daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. The city was settled in 1814; made the capital of the territory in 1820; and was held by the Confederates during the greater part of the Civil War. Pop. (1910) 45,941; (1920) 65,142.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Los Angeles

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
LOS ANGELES, a city of California, the county-seat of Los Angeles co. It is 475 miles S. E. of San Francisco. It is situated on the Los Angeles river, and the Southern Pacific, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe, the San Pedro, Los Angeles and Salt Lake, and the Southern Pacific railways. The total area is about 300 square miles. Los Angeles is noted for the healthfulness of its climate and for the beauty of its surroundings. In the vicinity are many well-known pleasure resorts which are easily accessible from the city. It has a magnificent harbor and a system of docks which were constructed at a cost of over $10,000,000. There are many public and private institutions. These include the State Normal School, the University of Southern California, the Occidental College and St. Vincent's College. Among the notable public buildings are the Bible Institute, State Normal College, city hall, court house, hall of records, auditorium, Blanchard Art building, and a Roman Catholic cathedral. The city has a magnificent system of parks, and there are public libraries, hospitals, and a park area which covers nearly 5,000 acres. Although Los Angeles is notable as a resident city, it has important business interests. There are over 25 banks with annual clearings of over $2,000,000,000. It is in the center of an important fruit-growing region and prior to the prohibition amendment had extensive wine-making industries. The chief exports are oranges and lemons, live stock and oils. The city is also in the center of a mining region of southern California and Arizona. There are large petroleum refineries. Other industries include foundries, machine shops, meat-packing plants, publishing houses, etc. The total value of manufactured products is over $200,000,000 annually.
In recent years a notable development of the city has been in relation to the moving picture industry. The unusually clear atmosphere and the opportunities afforded by the varied scenery in the vicinity have combined to make it very attractive for the taking of moving pictures. Many of the largest moving picture companies in the United States maintain huge establishments and thousands of actors and others connected with the industry have made Los Angeles their home. This with other causes has resulted in a large increase of population in the decade from 1910. By the census of 1920 Los Angeles exceeded San
Francisco in population and became the largest city in California. The population in 1910 was 319,198, and in 1920, 575,480. Los Angeles was settled in 1781 by the Spaniards. It was captured by Commodore Stockton in 1846. It was chartered as a city in 1851.
©Ewing Galloway :
A VIEW ACROSS CENTRAL PARK, LOS ANGELES, CAL. :
# Century Magazine

* related portals: Periodicals, Century Co..
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The Century Magazine was first published in the United States in 1881 by The Century Company of New York City as a successor to Scribner's Monthly Magazine. It ceased publication in 1930.

## Contents

* Volume 23
* Volume 24
* Volume 25
* Volume 26
* Volume 27
* Volume 28
* Volume 29
* Volume 30
* Volume 31
* Volume 32
* Volume 33
* Volume 34
* Volume 35
* Volume 36
* Volume 37 (Nov. 1888 - Apr. 1889)
* Volume 38
* Volume 39
* Volume 40
* Volume 41
* Volume 42
* Volume 43
* Volume 44
* Volume 45
* Volume 46
* Volume 47 (Nov. 1893 - Apr. 1894)
* Volume 48 (May 1894 - Oct. 1894)
* Volume 49
* Volume 50
* Volume 51
* Volume 52
* Volume 53
* Volume 54
* Volume 55 (Nov. 1897 - Apr. 1898)
* Volume 56 (May 1898 - Oct. 1898)
* Volume 57 (Nov. 1898 - Apr. 1899)
* Volume 58
* Volume 69 (Nov. 1904 - Apr. 1905)
* Volume 70 (May 1905 - Oct. 1905)
* Volume 71 (Nov. 1905 - Apr. 1906)
* Volume 72 (May 1906 - Oct. 1906)
* Volume 73 (Nov. 1906 - Apr. 1907)
* Volume 74 (May 1907 - Oct. 1907)
* Volume 75 (Nov. 1907 - Apr. 1908)
* Volume 76 (May 1908 - Oct. 1908)
* Volume 81 (Nov. 1910 - Apr. 1911)
* Volume 82 (May 1911 - Oct. 1911)
This work was published before January 1, 1929 and is anonymous or pseudonymous due to unknown authorship. It is in the public domain in the United States as well as countries and areas where the copyright terms of anonymous or pseudonymous works are 95 years or less since publication.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Clairmont v. United States

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* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
225 U.S. 551
Clairmont v. United States
Argued: May 1, 1912. --- Decided: June 10, 1912
Messrs. O. W. McConnell and N. W. McConnell for plaintiff in error.
Assistant Attorney General Denison and Mr. Louis G. Bissell for defendant in error.
[Argument of Counsel from page 552 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice Hughes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Colonization and Christianity

COLONIZATION AND CHRISTIANITY.
COLONIZATION AND CHRISTIANITY:
A
POPULAR HISTORY
OF THE
TREATMENT OF THE NATIVES
BY THE EUROPEANS
IN ALL THEIR COLONIES.
BY
WILLIAM HOWITT.
Have we not all one father?—hath not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother? Malachi ii. 10.
LONDON: LONGMAN, ORME, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.
1838.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY MANNING AND SMITHSON, IVY-LANE, PATERNOSTER-ROW.
​The object of this volume is to lay open to the public the most extensive and extraordinary system of crime which the world ever witnessed. It is a system which has been in full operation for more than three hundred years, and continues yet in unabating activity of evil. The apathy which has hitherto existed in England upon this subject has proceeded in a great measure from want of knowledge. National injustice towards particular tribes, or particular individuals, has excited the most lively feeling, and the most energetic exertions for its redress,—but the whole wide field of unchristian operations in which this country, more than any other, is engaged, has never yet been laid in a clear and comprehensive view before the public mind. It is no part of the present volume to suggest particular plans of remedy. The first business is to make known the nature and the extent of the evil,—that once perceived, in this great country there will not want either heads to plan or hands to accomplish all that is due to the rights of others, or the honour and interest of England.
West End Cottage, Esher, June 8th, 1838.
CONTENTS.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
CHAPTER XI.
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
CHAPTER XXIV.
XXV.
XXVI.
XXVII.
XXVIII.
XXIX.
Layout 2
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse