# Greece from the Coming of the Hellenes to AD. 14/Index

INDEX
* A
* Abydos, siege of, 289, 298
* Academics, the, 76, 314
* Acarnania, 12, 169, 172, 211, 300, 335
* Achaia, 38, 51, 56 ; varied meaning of the name, 340-1 ; joins Athens for a time, 142 ; revolts from Sparta, 218 ; made a Roman province, 307, 340 ; Achaean League, 274-6, 277, 283-4, 290, 293-4, 300-1, 304-5
* Achaioi, 11 ; of Phthiotis, 293
* Acrocorinthus, 277, 291-2, 294
* Acropolis of Athens, 62 ; buildings on, 146-9
* Actium, battle of, 339
* Aegean, islands of the, 76-79 ; under-king of Egypt, 285-6
* Aegina, mint at, 50, 57 ; gives earth and water to king of Persia, 99-100 ; war of with Athens, 107 ; forced to join Confederacy of Delos,157,162 ; purchased by Attalus, 283, 286, 290 ; desolation of, 328 ;
* given to Athens by Antony, 338, but taken away by Augustus, 342
* Argospotami, battle of, 164, 195
* Aeolians, 38, 81
* Aeschines, orator, 218, 401
* Aeschylus, 29, 119, 154, 264, 377-82
* Aetolia, 171-2 ; Aetolian League, 273-4, 276, 278, 283, 291, 293 ; discontent of, 294, 296, 300 ; desolation of, 307 ; submits to Caesar, 335
* Agathocles, 260
* Agesilaus, king of Sparta, 207-8
* Agis III., king of Sparta, 237
* Agrigentum, 256, 259, 261
* Agrippa, 342
* Alcaeus, 23, 367-8
* Alcibiades, 177, 181-2, 186-7, 192-4, 213
* Alcman, 368
* Alcmaeonidae, 67
* Aleuadae, 111
* Alexander the Great, 226-238 ; successors of, 235-6
* Alexander IV., son of Alexander the Great, 265
* Alexander the Philhellene, 215
* Alexander, king of the Molossi, 255
* Alexandria, foundation of, 233 ; under the Ptolemies, 271 ; Caesar at, 336 ; literature of, 23. 29, 248 ; Library at, 300, 339
* Alexandria Troas, 296, 340
* Amasis, king of Egypt, 84
* Ambracia, 169, 172, 300, 309
* Araraon, oracle of, 233
* Amphiaraus, oracle of, 329
* Amphictyonic League, 4, 6, 216, 218, 221, 273-4, 308, 340
* Amphilochia, 335 ​Amphipolis, 145, 175-6, 200, 216, 227
* Amphissa, 221
* Amyntas, 215
* Anacreon, 368
* Anaxagoras, 153, 358
* Andocides, orator, 40
* Andros, 338
* Antalcidas, peace of, 206, 209
* Anthologies, Greek, 372
* Antigdnus, one of the generals of Alexander, 240, 269
* Antigonus Doson, king of Macedonia, 277, 282
* Antigonus Gonatas, king of Macedonia, 271, 282
* Antioch, 340
* Antiochus, Athenian commander defeated at Notium, 194
* Antiochus III. (the Great), king of Syria, 278, 285, 289 ; in Greece, 294-5
* Antipater, regent of Macedonia, 237, 240, 270
* Antiphilus, 238
* Antiphon, orator, 192, 401
* Antonius, C., in Crete, 332
* Antonius, M., 338-340
* Anytus, prosecutor of Socrates, 204
* Aous R., 290
* apella, 52
* Apellicon, library of, 329
* Aphrodite of Melos (Venus of Milo), 153
* Apollodorus, Comic poet, 264
* Apollonia, 309, 335
* Apollonius of Rhodes, 24, 397
* Appian, historian, 400
* Aratus, restorer of Achaean League, 276-7 ; defeated at Caphyre, 278 ; poisoned, 283
* Arbela, battle of, 233
* Arcadia, 38, 51, 56, 213
* Archelaus, general of Mithradates, 327, 329
* Archidamus III., king ot Sparta, in Italy, 237, 255
* Archilochus, 23, 272 3
* Archons at Athens, 61
* Areopagus, 62, 139
* Argeioi, 11
* Arginusae, battle of. 105
* Argo, the, 4
* Argolis, 2, 28
* Argos, 40; friendly to the Persians, 00 ; allied to Athens, 140 ; renounces the alliance, 144 ; makes new league against Sparta, 176-7, 213, 218 ; separated by Romans from Achaean League, 306
* Argos, Pelasgic, 11
* Arion, 368
* Aristagoras of Miletus, 92, 94-5, 96
* Aristides at Salamis, 118; organises the confederacy of Delos, 129-130, 135
* Aristion, 326, 328
* Aristogeiton, 71
* Aristonicus of Pergamus, 38
* Aristophanes, 30, 164, 192, 199, 200, 390-3
* Aristotle, 357-8, 403 ; his Politics, 21 ; his philosophy, 25-6 ; his successor, 244 ; his books acquired by Sulla, 329
* Arsaces, king of the Parthians, 272
* Art in Greece, 33-4
* Artabazos at Plataea, 123
* Artaphernes, 91, 93, 95, 97
* Artemisia, Queen, 121
* Artemisium, battles near, 112-113
* Asia, Greeks in, 79, 80 ; settled by Roman commission, 299 ; oratory 111,309, 310; Roman province of, 318 ; massacre of Italians in, 325 ; Greek cities in revolt from Mithradates, 330; Sulla's severity to, 331 ; Greek cities in visited by Caesar, 336
* Asopus, R., 121-2
* Aspasia, 157-8
* Assyria, 83, 85-6
* Astyages, 83
* Athena promachos, 146 ; Athena Nike, 149 ​Athens, early history of, 57-65 ; reforms in byDraco and Solon, 65-68, by Cleisthenes, 72-6 ; tyranny in, 68-72 ; becomes a naval power, 107 ; its hostility to Persia, 91 ; promises help to Aristagoras, 95 ; taken by Xerxes, 117 ; position of in Confederacy of Delos, 3, 129, 134-6, 145 ; fortifications of, 135 ; offended by Spartans, 136 ; long walls at, 141 ; adornment of, 146 ; unpopularity of, 157-8 ; makes alliance with Corcyra, 160-1 ; plague at, 309, 362 ; occupied by Lysander, 197 ; renewed confederacy of, 211 ; Macedonians in, 239 ; restored freedom of, 281-2 ; hostility of to Philip V., 286 ; becomes "friend" of Rome, 289 ; a Roman province, 307 ; joins Mithradates, 326 ; besieged by Sulla, 328 ; benefited by Pompey, 334-5 ; excludes Caesar's officers, 335 ; favours Antony, 337-8 ; altar to Augustus at, 341 ; Literature at, 23 ; philosophy at, 25-6, 309, 362 ; once the centre of intellectual life, 132-3, 153
* Athos, Mount, 99 ; canal of, in Atossa, daughter of Cyrus, 87
* Attalus I., king of Pergamus, 281-3, 286
* Attalus II., brother of Eumenes, 304
* Attalus III., leaves his royal rights to Rome, 317-18
* Attica, nature of, 68 ; invasions of, 169, 289
* Augustus (Octavian), 338, 339 ; his restorations in Greece, 340, 341, 343
* B
* Babrius, fabulist, 23, 372
* Babvlon, 83, 87 ; Alexander at, 234-5
* Bacchiadae of Corinth, 49
* Bacchylides, 23, 264, 368, 403
* Bactriana, 234
* Balearic Islands, pirates of, 316
* basileus and basileia, 21
* Berytum, 340
* Bion, 267, 397
* Bithynia, kingdom of, 236, 272, 330 ; Roman province of, 342
* Black Sea, trade with, 41 ; see Pontus
* Boeotia, federation of, 57 ; submits to Persia, 99 ; Thebes claims supremacy in, 212 ; decline of, 247-8 ; disturbances in, 294, 302-3 ; federation of dissolved by Romans, 305 ; subject to Rome, and its territory made ager fublicus, 307-8 ; occupied by Mithradates, 329
* Bosporus, the, 281
* boulè of Athens, the, 72
* Brasidas, Spartan general, 170, 175-6
* Bruttius Sura, 327
* Brutus, M., 323, 337
* Byzantium submits to Persia, 99 ; reoccupied by Persians after revolt, 97 ; besieged by Greek fleet, 130, 145 ; again occupied by Persians, 193 ; joins Athenian confederacy, 211 ; Epaminondas at, 214 ; revolts from Athens, 217 ; attacked by Philip, 221 ; sea power of, 236, 272 ; at war with Rhodes, 281 ; joins Rhodes and Chios to secure peace, 283 ; Pontic occupation of, 330
* C
* Caecilius Metellus, Q., 332
* Caesar, C. Julius, colonises Corinth, 307, 309 ; his officers occupy Greece, 336 ; visits Greek cities in Asia, 337
* Calchedon, 91, 193
* Callias, peace of, 142, 298
* Callicrates, 301
* Callidromus, Mt., 114, 248 ​Callimachus, polemarch, 102
* Callimachus, poet, 24, 372
* Callinus, 369-70
* Cambyses, king of Persia, 57
* Caphyae, 278
* Cappadocia invaded by Croesus, 85 ; kingdom of, 236
* Caria, 81, 96, 304
* Carneades, 314
* Carthaginians, 132, 256, 259- 62, 296
* Cassander, 240, 243, 247, 269-70
* Catana, 186
* Caunes, 325
* Celts, see Gauls
* Censorinus, L., governor of Greece and Macedonia, 338
* Ceos joins Aetolian League, 274
* Cephallenia, 141, 169, 211
* Chabrias, Athenian general, 212, 217
* Chaeroneia victory of Philip at, 222 ; of Sulla, 329-30
* Chalcidic peninsula, 161, 175-6, 178, 215
* Chalcis in Euboea, 57, 290, 292, 204, 296, 309
* Chersonese, Thracian, 41, 65, 90 ; occupied by Persians, 97, 194, 207 ; annexed by king of Egypt, 271, 341 ; occupied by Philip V., 285, by Antiochus, 295 ; given to Eumenes of Pergamus, 299, 302
* Chios joins Samos and Lesbos to resist Persia, 126 ; breaks off from Athens, 191 ; joins new Athenian confederacy, 211 ; breaks off again, 216 ; as a sea power, 236, 272, 283, 299, 330-1
* Chremodean war, 282
* Cicero, 309, 321-3
* Cilicia, 82 ; pirates of, 316 ; Roman government of, 323, 332, 339
* Cimmerians in Asia, MS Cimon, son of Miltiades, 131 ; ostracised, 136 ; recalled and sent to Cyprus, 142
* Cirrbaean plain, the, 221
* Cius, 286
* Clazomenae, 299, 331
* Cleanthes, Stoic, 363
* Cleisthenes, reforms of, 72-5
* Cleobis and Biton, 83
* Cleombrotus, king of Sparta, 212
* Cleomenes I., king of Sparta, 94, 99 ; Cleomenes III., 277-8
* Cleon, Athenian demagogue, 171-2, 175-6
* Cleopatra, 338 40
* Cleruchs in Euboea, 144, 157 ; in Potidaea, 217 ; in Samos, 239 ; in Delos, 315 ; forbidden, 211
* Cnidus, battle of, 208 ; rescript of Augustus to, 343
* Cnossos, palace of, 8
* Codrus, king of Athens, 61
* Coele-Syria, 295, 339
* Coes of Mitylene, 89
* Colonies, Greek, 42 ; Roman in Greece, 337, 340
* Comedy, 30, 390; New Comedy, 243, 393-4
* Conon, 194-5 ; restores the walls of Athens, 208
* Corcyra, 107, 158, 171, 212, 300
* Corinna, 368
* Corinth, Bacchiadae of, 49; independent of Sparta, 51 ; its power at sea, 107 ; congress at, in, 124 ; its league with Epidauros and Aegina, 140 ; its fleet defeated by Corcyreans, 158 ; helps Potidaea against Athens, 161 ; refuses peace of Nicias and joins Argos, 176 ; joins Athens and Thebes, 208 ; separated from Achaean League by Romans, 306 ; destroyed by Mummius, 306-7, 309, 328 ; colonised by Caesar, 337
* Corn trade with the North, 41
* Coroneia, defeat of Athenians at, 143 ; victory of Agesilaus at, 217
* Cremisus, R., battle at the, 260
* Crete, discoveries in, 8, 22, 33 ; decay of, 76-7 ; Cretans refuse aid against Xerxes, in ; ​ occupied by Spartans, 237 ; pirates of, 316, 332-3 ; partly liberated by Augustus, 340
* Critias, 197-8
* Critolaus, general of Achaean League, 306
* Critolaus, peripatetic philosopher, 314
* Croesus, king of Lydia, 81-3, 85
* Croton, 3, 252
* Cyclades, the, 76 ; belonging to Egypt and attacked by Philip V., 286, 341
* Cyclic Pods, the, 22, 364
* Cyclopean walls, 11
* Cylon, 67
* Cyme, 12, 299
* Cynoscephale, battle of, 291
* Cynossema, battle of, 193
* Cyprus, conquered by Persians, 87 ; Conon in, 196 ; under Antony, 339
* Cypselus, 49
* Cyrene, 285
* Cyrus, founder of Medo-Persian Empire, 83-6
* Cyrus, son of Darius II., 194, 206-7
* Cythera, 175, 341
* Cyzicus, 193, 332, 342
* D
* Damascus, 233
* Darius I., king of Persia, 87 ; invades Scythia, 88-90 ; resolves to punish Eretria and Athens, 98 ; and to invade Greece after Marathon, 107 ; his death, 108
* Darius II. (Nothos), 194
* Darius III. (Codomannus) defeated by Alexander, 231-4
* Datis at Marathon, 100-1
* Decelea occupied by Spartans, 190-1, 196
* Deinarchus, orator, 401
* Delium, battle of, 175, 200, treaty of, 330
* Delos, confederacy of, 3, 129, 197 ; Ionian assembly at, 76 ; Persian fleet at, 100 ; Greek fleet at, 124 ; treasury removed from, 145 ; made a free port, 305, 326 ; commissioner of, 315 ; devastated by Mithradates's general, 327 ; Pompey's benefactions to, 334 ; statue of Julia in, 342
* Delphi. 42, 57, in ; Persians at, 116 ; amphictyonic meetings at, 46 ; favours Sparta, 84 ; gold tripod dedicated at, 124 ; the care of the temple at, 142-3 ; sacred territory of, 216-17 ; Gauls at, 248 ; Aetolians in, 273 ; Sulla borrows from, 329 ; adhers to Caesar, 335 ; benefactions of Antony to, 338
* Demaratus, king of Sparta, deposed, 99, 100 ; at Thermopylae, 113
* Demeter, temples of, 122, 126
* Demetrias, 290, 292, 294, 296
* Demetrius, of Phalerum, 243
* Demetrius, the Besieger, son of Antigonus, 269, 270-1
* Demetrius II., king of Macedonia, 282
* Demetrius, son of Philip V., in Rome, 302
* Democracy, 21
* Democritus, 358
* Demosthenes, Athenian general, invades Aetolia, 171-2 ; occupies Pylos, 172 ; at Syracuse, 188-90
* Demosthenes, the orator, 25, 167, 218, 221, 238-9, 401-2
* Dercyllidas, Spartan admiral, 193
* Diaeus, general of Achaean League, 306
* Dio Chrysostom, 25
* Diodorus Siculus, 24, 400
* Diogenes, a Stoic, 314
* Diogenes, a Macedonian officer at Athens, 282
* Dionysius I., tyrant of Syracuse, 252, 259, 264 ; his son Dionysius II., 260
* Dionysius Halicarnassus, 23, 400
* Dionysius, theatre of, 149 ​Dodona, oracle of, 15
* dokimasia, 73
* Dorian dialect, 26 ; Dorians in Peloponnesus, 38 ; Dorian Hexapolis in Asia, 85
* Dorilaus, general of Mithradates, 329 30
* Draco, 65-6
* Drama, the, 26-7, 371
* Dyme, 314, 333
* Dyrrachium, 309, 340
* E
* Earth and water, demand of, 99
* Ecbatana, 83
* Echinadae, battles off the, 239
* Education in Greece, 348 ff
* Egesta, 178, 185
* Egypt, mention of in Homer, 15 ; Greek colonists in, 41 ; taken by Persians, 86-7 ; revolts in, 108, 141 ; Alexander in, 232-3 ; kingdom of after Alexander, 235-6; friendship of with Rome, 284, 289 ; furnishes ships to Lucullus, 329 ; made a province by Augustus, 341
* Eira, Mt, 55
* Elateia, 221, 290
* Elea, philosophers at, 132
* Elegiac poetry, 23, 371
* Eleusinian mysteries, profanation of, 181 ; Augustus initiated in, 340 ; significance of, 366
* Elis, 38, 5r, 56, 273
* Empedocles, 132, 264
* Epaminondas, 213-14, 216
* Ephesus, 81, 95 ; taken by Alexander, 231 ; joined to Pergamus, 299 ; temple of Artemis at, 325; inscriptions at, 330, 337 ; Augustus benefactor of, 340. 342
* Ephialtesof Malis, traitor, 114
* Ephialtes, Athenian statesman, 139
* Ephors at Sparta, the, 52
* Epicharmus, 264
* Epicurus, 26, 34, 244, 358, 361
* Epicurean writings at Ikrculaneum, 403
* Epidamnua (Dyrrachium), revolution at, 158
* Epidaurus, temple at, 329 ; joins Corinth and Mgina against Athens, 140
* Epinikia, 23
* Epipolae, 187-8
* Epirus, 12, 41 ; punishment of by Romans, 305; joined to province of Macedonia, 307 ; desolation of, 309
* Erechtheus, 58, 149
* Eretria in Euboea, 25 ; captured by Persians, 101-2 ; separation from Athens by Augustus, 342
* Etruscans, 132 ; pirates, 259
* Euboea, 143, 191, 216, 218 ; declared free by Romans, 293 ; submits to Mithradates, 327
* Euclides, archonship of, 199
* Eumenes, king of Pergamus, 293, 299, 300, 303-4 ; falls out of favour at Rome, 304
* Eumolpidae, priests of Demeter, 182
* Euripides, 29, 154, 164, 386-90, 403 ; on athletes, 45
* Eurybiades, Spartan commander, 112
* Eurycles, prince of Sparta, 341
* Eurymedon R., battles of the, 131
* Eurymedon, Athenian general, 188-9
* Evagoras, king of Cyprus, 196
* F
* Festivals, Greek, 45
* Fimbria, 330
* Flaccus, 330
* Flamininus, T. Quintus, 290-4
* Four Hundred, revolution of the, 192-3
* G
* Gaugamela, 233
* Gauls (Celts) invade Greece, 248, 251, 273 ​Gaza taken by Alexander, 232
* Gelo, king of Syracuse, in ; defeats Carthaginians, 132, 256
* Gorgias, a Sophist, 200, 264, 352
* Granicus R., battle of the, 228
* Greeks, their work in the world, 4 ; melancholy of, 13, 374 ; forms of government among, 21 ; decadence of under Romans, 308 ; settlement of by Sulla, 329 ; by Caesar, and with Macedonia under M. Brutus, 337, and Antony, 338 ; they favour Antony against Octavian, 339
* Gyges, king of Lydia, 81
* Gylippus, Spartan general, 187-8, 190
* Gytheium, port of Sparta, 141, 293, 342
* H
* Hadrian, emperor, 149
* Haliartus, fighting at, 208
* Halicarnassus, taken by Alexander, 231 ; under Rome, 322
* Halys R.,82, 84
* Hannibal, 284, 295 ; defeated by Rhodians, 298
* Harmodius, 91
* Harmosts, Spartan governors, 212
* Harpagus, a general of Cyrus, 89
* Hegelochus, Macedonian admiral, 231
* Hellas, meaning of, 2 ; Hellenes, descent of, 1, 38 ; characteristics of, 2-4
* Helots, 53 ; rebellion of, 136, 141
* Heracles, 16. Heracleia, 297
* Hercte, Mt, 261
* Herman, 150 ; mutilation of, 182
* Hermocrates, Syracusan general, 187, 189
* Herodotus, 24, 133, 153-4, 398
* Heroes, worship of, 16
* Herondas, 394, 403
* Hesiod, 22, 366
* Hiero I., king of Syracuse, defeats Etruscans, 132, and Carthaginians, 259 ; entertains poets and philosophers, 264
* Hiero II., 262
* Hippias, Sophist, 352
* Hippias and Hipparchus, sons of Pisistratus, 71-2, 91, 101
* Hippocrates, 24
* Hipponax, 372
* Histiaeus of Miletus, 90, 92,94, 96
* Homeric poems, 11, 12 ; doctrines in, 17 ; use of in education, 364-66
* Hypata, in Thessaly, 342
* Hypereides, orator, 401
* I
* Iasos, 331
* Ibycus, 368
* Ilium, 331
* Illyrian pirates, 259, 316
* Inaros of Libya, 141
* India, Alexander in, 234-5
* Indus R., 234
* Ionian cities, 81 ; revolt from Persia, 94-7 ; Ionian alphabet, 22 ; Ionian Sea, 41
* Iphicrates, Athenian commander, destroys a Spartan mora, 209 ; 212 ; 217
* Ipsus (Phrygia), battle of, 270
* Isaeus, 401
* Isis, 233
* Isocrates, orator, 401
* Issus, battle of, 232
* Isthmian games, 45 ; proclamation at, 292 ; kept up by Sicyon, 308
* Isthmus of Corinth, wall across the, 116 ; closed against Caesar's officers, 335 ; projected canal across, 337
* Italy, Greek Colonies in, 41, 185, 251-2
* Ithome, Mt., 55, 136, 141
* Ixion, 18
* J
* Josephus, historian, 25
* Julian, Emperor, 25 ​
* K
* Kadmeia, citadel of Thebes, 210
* L
* Laconia, Dorians in, 2, 38
* Lamachus, 1S1, 1N5, 187
* Lamia, 238-9, 296
* Lampsacus, 195, 296
* Laodicea, 338
* Larisa (Asia), 12 ; (Thessalv) 111, 335
* Laurium, silver mines at, 65, 315
* Lechaeum, port of Corinth, 208
* Leleges, the, 11
* Lemnos, 91
* Leonidas, king of Sparta, 112-16
* Leonnatus, 238
* Leontini, 264
* Leosthenes, 238
* Leucadia, 294
* Leotychides, king of Sparta, 100 ; at Mykale, 125
* Lesbos, ports of, 23 ; joins with Samos and Chios to resist Persians, 126 ; revolt of, 170, 191
* Leucippus, 358
* Leuctra, battle of, 212-13
* Lilybaeum, 262
* Livia in Sparta, 342
* Locri Epizypherii, 252
* Lucian, 25
* Lucretius, 358
* Lucullus, 329, 330, 332
* Lvcaonia, 299
* Lycia, 82, 331, 338
* Lycon, prosecutor of Socrates, 204
* Lycortas, 300
* Lvcurgus, Spartan law-giver, 51-5
* Lycurgus, tyrant of Sparta, 278
* Lycurgus, Attic orator, 401
* Lydia, 81, 299
* Lygdamis, 93
* Lyric poetry, 23, 367
* Lysander, Spartan general, 194-6, 198, 208
* Lysias, orator, 401
* Lysicrates, choragic monument of, 150
* Lysimacheia, 286
* Lysimachus, king of Thrace, 236, 269-71, 285
* Lysippus ot" Sicyon, sculptor, 33
* M
* Macedonia, 3, 12, 91 ; rise of, 215 ; supremacy of, 2l6 position of alter Alexander, 235 ; influence in Greece, 278 ; wars with Home, first 282-3, second 282-91 ; divided into four districts, 303 ; made a Roman province, 307 ; Pontic troops in, 330 ; governed by M. Brutus, 337
* Magna Gnecia, 3, 26, 251
* Magnesia ad Sipylum, battle of, 298, 331
* Magnesia (in Greece). 112
* Mamertini, the, 261
* Mantinea, 176-7, 210, 213-14
* Marathon, battle of, 101-6
* Mardonius reorganises Asiatic Greece, 98, 99 ; left in Greece by Xerxes, 121 ; killed at Plataea, 121, 123
* Masanassa, 296
* Medontidae, 61
* Megabazus, 90-1
* Megalopolis, 213, 237, 306
* Megara, colonies of, 42 ; revolts from Athens, 143-4 ; its ports (Nisaea and Pagae), 144 ; Megarians excluded from Attic harbours and markets 158, 162 ; desolation of under the Romans, 336, 338
* Meletus, prosecutor of Socrates, 204
* Melos, revolt of, 163, 177-8
* Memphis, 233
* Menander, poet of New Comedy, 30, 246, 393-4, 403
* Messene (in Sicily), 261
* Messenia, Dorians in, 38 ; subject to Sparta, 51 ; helots in, 51 ; Messenian wars, 55 ; Messenians' revolt from Sparta, 218
* Methone, 27 ​Metellus Scipio, 335
* Mikon, a painter, 150
* Miletus, colonies of, 12; position of among the Asiatic Greek cities, 42, 81, 299 ; fall of, 96
* Miltiades, 89, 90, 101
* Minos, king of Crete, 8
* Minotaur, the, 8
* Minyae, the, 11
* Misenum, the peace of, 339
* Mithradates IV., king of Pontus, 281
* Mithradates VI. (Eupator), 324-332
* Mitylene, decree about, 170-1, 195 ; joins new Athenian federation, 211 ; holds out for Mithradates, 331 ; restored by Pompey, 333-4
* Moschus, pastoral poet, 24, 267, 397
* Mucius Scaevola, Q., 320
* Mummius, L., 306
* Munychia, Macedonian garrison in, 239, 243
* Musseus, 23
* Mycenaean age, 8, 11, 15, 16
* Mykale, battle of, 125, 126
* Myson, sculptor, 33
* Myrtis, 368
* Mythymnia, 211
* N
* Nabis, tyrant of Sparta, 290, 293-5
* Naples, 255
* Naupactus, helots placed in, 141 ; given to the Aetolians by Philip, 274, 297
* Naxos, revolution in, 92, 93 ; revolts from Confederacy of Delos, 131 ; assigned to Rhodes by Antony, 338
* Nemean games, 45 ; proclamation at, 294
* Nicholas of Damascus, 25
* Nicias at Pylos, 175 ; peace of, 176 ; opposes Sicilian expedition, 178 ; appointed general of it, 181, 185, 188-90
* Nicomedes, king of Bithynia, 331
* Nicopolis, near Actium, 340, 341
* Nisaea, port of Megara, 144, 175
* Nonnus, 24
* Notium, battle of, 194
* O
* Octavian, see Augustus Oenophyta, Boeotians defeated at, 141
* Oligarchy, 21
* Olympia, festival at, 45, 215, 252, 301, 326 ; works of Pheidias at, 146 ; statue of Augustus at, 339
* Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, 227
* Olynthus, 210 ; destroyed by Philip, 218
* Onomarchus, Phocian general, 217
* Oppian, poet, 24
* Oracles, 42 ; consulted by Croesus, 84
* Orators, Attic, 400-2
* Orchomenus (in Arcadia), 306
* Orchomenus (in Bceotia), victory of Sulla at, 330
* Oroetes, 87
* Oropus, 191, 314, 324
* Orphic Poetry, 366-7
* Orthogoras, 49
* Ostracism, 75
* P
* Pactyas, general of Cyrus, 85
* Paestum, 256
* Palestine, 232, 270, 278, 285
* Pangaeus, Mt., 217
* Panium, 285
* Panormus, 261
* Parmenides, 137
* Parmenion, Macedonian general, 217
* Parthians, the, 272
* Patrae, 309, 336, 340-1
* Paul, St., at Ephesus and Philippi, 342
* Pausanias, Spartan regent and general, 122 ; dedicates tripod ​ at Delphi, 124 ; recalled from Byzantium, 129, 130 ; conviction and death of, 131
* Pausanias, king of Sparta, 196, 198
* Pausanias, the traveller, 309
* Pelasgians, the, 11, 16
* Pella, 215
* Pelopidas, 214, 216
* Peloponnesian war, causes of, 157-61 ; declaration of, 162 ; general course of, 163-4 ; history of, 169, 199
* Peloponnesus assigned to Sext. Pompeius, 339
* Pelusium, 232
* Pericles, rise of, 136-7 ; reforms of, 139-40 ; foreign policy of, 140-3 ; advancement of Athens by, 146 ; policy of in Peloponnesian war, 169-70
* Perdiccas, king of Macedonia, 178
* Perdiccas, officer of Alexander and Chiliarch, 235
* Pergamus, kingdom of, 236, 248, 272, 299; fleet of, 316; bequeathed to Rome, 317 ; temple of Asclepius at, 325 ; Library at, 300
* perioekoi in Laconia, 53
* Perses, king of Macedonia, 302-3
* Persians, 83-95 ; Persian invasions of Greece, 98-123 ; defeated at Mykale, 125-6 ; recover control of Greek States in Asia, 209 ; conquered by Alexander, 228-34
* Phalerum, harbour of Athens, 65
* Pharnabazus, 190, 193
* Pharnaces, king of Pontus, 281
* Pharsalia, battle of, 336
* Pharsalus, 294
* Pharus, 233
* Pheidias, 33, 146-7 ; condemnation and death of, 157
* Pherae, 217
* Philemon, 243
* Philip II., king of Macedonia, 215-29, 226-7
* Philip Arrhidaeus, successor of Alexander, 235, 269
* Philip V., king of Macedonia, 277, 282-6, 291, 295-6, 302, 340
* Philippi, 217 ; battle of, 338 ; Roman colony at, 340
* Philistus, 264
* Philocles, Athenian commander at Aegospotami, 296
* Philocrates, peace of, 218
* Philopoemon, 296, 300-1
* Phlius, 210, 213
* Phocaea, battle off, 293
* Phocion, Athenian statesman, 240, 243
* Phocis, 57 ; Phocian wall at Thermopylae, 113 ; Phocians claim share in management of Delphi, 143 ; sacred war against, 216-17 ; declared free by Romans, 293
* Phocylides, 372
* Phoebidas, 210
* Phoenice, peace of, 278
* Phoenicians, 15 ; alphabet of, 22 ; subjected to Persia, 87
* Phormio, Athenian admiral, 169
* phoros, increase of, 145, 211
* Phrygia, 299
* Phrynichus, orator, 192
* Phyle, 198
* Pindar, 23, 133, 264, 368-9
* piracy, 8, 129, 259, 315-61 331-3
* Piraeus, 65, 135, 193, 197 ; deserted state of, 315 ; occupied for Mithradates, 327 ; dismantled by Sulla, 328 ; occupied for Caesar, 335
* Pisa in Elis, 56
* Pisistratus, 68-71, 93
* Piso, 323
* Plataea refuses earth and water, 99 ; sends 1,000 men to Marathon, 105 ; loyalty of, 111 ; battle of, 121-3 ; siege of, 169
* Plato, 356-7 ; Laws and Republic of, 21; philosophy of, 25-6; successors of, 244
* Pleistoanax, king of Sparta, invades Attica, 143-4
* Plutarch, 25 ​Polus, a Sophist, 200, 352
* Polybius, historian, 24, 244, 301, 304, 307, 369, 399
* Polycleitos, 33
* Polycrates of Samos, 86-7
* Polygnotus, painter, 150
* Polyperchon, 240
* Pompeiastce, 334
* Pompey (Gn. Pompeius Magnus) puts down the pirates, 333 ; his settlement of Asiatic Greece, 333-5 ; his benefactions to Athens, Rhodes, Delos, 334 ; Sext. Pompeius, 339
* Pontus, kingdom of, 236, 272, 281
* Potidaea, 161 ; siege of, 169, 200 ; seized by Philip II., 217
* Praxilla, poetess, 368
* Praxiteles, sculptor, 33
* Prodicus, sophist, 353
* Propontis, the, 41
* Protagoras, 200, 350, 352-4
* Prusias, king of Bithynia, 281, 283, 304
* Psyttaleia, 118
* Ptolemy I., king of Egypt, 269 ; Ptolemy II. (Philadelphia), 29, 264, 284 ; Ptolemy III. (Euergetes), 277 ; Ptolemy IV. (Philopator), 281 ; Ptolemy V. (Epiphanes), 285
* publicani in Asia, 319, 320, 337
* Punic wars, 284
* Pydna, 216 ; battle of, 303
* Pylagoroe, 46
* Pylos, 172, 176-7
* Pyrrhus, 255, 261, 284
* Pythagoras, 132, 252
* Pythia, the, 42, 84
* Q
* Quintus of Smyrna, 24
* R
* Rhegium, 185, 256, 259
* Rhodes joins Athenian confederacy, 211 ; breaks off, 217 ; sea-power of, 236, 272 ; School of Oratory at, 309, 344 ; war of with Byzantium, 281 ; joins Byzantium and Chios in advising peace, 283, 299, 304; suspected by Romans, 304; its fleet against pirates, 316 ; subject to Rome, 324-6, 331, 334, 338
* Roman government of Greece, 3, 236, 262, 289, 313-347; Roman army in Epirus, 290 ; Roman policy towards Macedonia, 292 ; movement in Greece against, 304
* Roxana, wife of Alexander, 235, 269
* Rupilius Rufus, 320
* S
* Sacred wars, 67, 216
* Salamis, bay of, 116 ; battle of, 118-20
* Salamis in Cyprus, 323
* Salonike, 331
* Samos, 86-7 ; Persian fleet at, 124 ; makes league with Chios and Lemnos, 126 ; Athenian, fleet at, 191-2, 196 ; under Romans 322, 331 ; Augustus at, 339-40, 342
* Sappho, 23, 367
* Sardis, 81, 87 ; Persian army at, 111
* Scaptius, 323
* Sciathus, 327
* Scipio Africanus, 298
* Scopas, Aetolian general, 285
* Scythians in Asia, 88 ; invaded by Darius, 89
* Seleucus, king of Babylonia and then of Syria, 269-72
* Seleucus. son of Antiochus the Great, 298
* Selinus, 178, 185
* Sellasia, battle of, 277
* Sentinum, battle at, 251
* Servilius Isauricus, P., 332
* Sestos, siege of, 126
* Sicily, 12, 171-2, 178 ; Athenian expedition to, 184-90, 256 ; Roman settlement of, 265 ; ​ held by Sext. Pompeius, 339; Greek poets in, 266
* Sicyon, tyrants of, 49; Roman troops defeated near, 283 ; Roman province of, 307; to keep up Isthmian games, 308; arbitrates between Athens and Oropus, 314
* Sidon, 342
* Sigeium occupied by Athenians, 65, 71. 92
* Simonides of Ceos, 23, 132, 269, 368, 371-2
* Simonides of Amorgus, 372-3
* Sinope, capital of Pontus, 281
* Slavery, 52
* Smyrna, 295, 299
* Social wars, of Athenian allies, 216; against; Ætolia, 274, 278, 282
* Socrates, 164, 195, 200-5, 354-5
* Solon, 23; legislation of, 66-8; visit of to Crœsus, 82-3; poetry of, 370-1
* Sophists, the, 199, 351-3
* Sophocles, 29, 154, 164, 382-6
* Sparta, early supremacy of, 2, 206-12; constitution of, 51-56; loss of prestige of alter Persian wars, 135; earthquake at, 136; conference at to denounce Athens, 161-2; dealings of with Persian satraps, 191; end of supremacy of, 212; defeated by Antipater, 237; decadence of, 277; forced to join Archæan League, 300-1, 305; separated from the League, 306; a Roman province, 307; sides with Pompey, 335; favoured by Augustus, 341
* Sphacteria, 172, 176
* Stesichorus, 264
* Stoa poekile, the, 150, 361
* Stoics the, 26, 361-4
* Strabo, 25
* Strymon R., 108, 216
* Sulla in Greece, 327-31
* Sulpicius Rufus, Ser., 328; governor of Greece by Cæsar, 336
* Susa, 92-4
* Sussitia at Sparta, 54
* Sybaris, 252
* Syntaxis, 211, 231
* Syracuse, 3, [64, [86-90, 252, 256, 265, 309, 341
* Syria, kingdom of, 235, 330
* T
* Tagus of Thessaly, 57
* Tanagra, battle of, 140-1; pottery works at, 247
* Tantalus, 18
* Tarentum, 32, 237, 247, 255-6, 309
* Tarsus, 338
* Tegeans at Plataea, 122
* Tempe, vale of, 112
* Telesilla, poetess, 368
* Temenus of Argos, 49; Temenidae, 215
* Tenedos, 211
* Tenos, 338
* Teuta, Queen of Illyria, 316
* Thapsus, 186
* Theatre, the, 149
* Thebes, rise of, 57; legends of, 22; punished after Persian war, 124; supremacy of, 3, 212-4; invaded by Spartans, 210; allied with Athens, 211; and opposed to Philip, 221; destroyed by Alexander, 228; restored by Cassander, 247; submits to Mithradates, 327; submits to Cæsar, 335
* Themistocles, 106, 107, 112-13; at Artemisium, 115-16; activity of at Salamis, 117-18; ostracised, 131; services of to Athens, 135
* Theocritus, 24, 264, 397-8
* Theognis, 23, 371
* Theophanes, 333
* Theophrastus, 243, 329
* Theoric Fund, the, 139
* Theramenes, 192, 196-8
* Therma (Thessalonika), 111
* Thermopylæ, meeting of Amphictyons at, 46; Persians at, 112-16, Philip II. at, 218; muster ​ at after Alexander's death, 238 ; Gauls (Celts) at, 248 ; Antiochus at, 297 ; Achaeans at, 306
* Thermus takes Mitylene, 331
* Theseus kills the Minotaur, 8 ; combines the Attic towns, 58-9 ; temple of, 149
* Thespias in Boeotia, in ; Thespians stand by Leonidas, 115 ; resist Mithradates, 327
* Thespis, 26
* Thessalonika, 335
* Thessaly, 12, 57, 99 ; declared free by Romans, 293 ; a Roman province, 307, 341
* Thimbron, Spartan general, 207
* Thirty at Athens, the, 197-9
* Thrace, kingdom of, 235-6, 270-1 ; Philip V. in, 302 ; troops of Mithradates in, 330
* Thrasybulus of Syracuse, 259
* Thrasybulus, Athenian general, 193-4, 198
* Thrasyllus, 193
* Thrinakia, 15
* Thucydides, son of Milesias, opponent of Pericles, 145, 157
* Thucydides, son of Olorus, the historian, 24, 154, 167, 175, 398-9
* Thurii, colony at, 145, 186, 255
* Timoleon of Corinth, 260
* Timotheos, Athenian general, 212, 217
* Tiryns, 22
* Tissaphernes, 190-2, 207
* Tithraustes, 207
* Tolmides, Athenian general, 141
* Torone, 176
* Tralles, 299, 325
* Trasimene Lake, battle of, 282
* Tyrants in Peloponnese, 49-51 ; in Asiatic Greece, 86 ; with Darius on the Danube, 89 ; in Sicily, 262-3 ; in Sparta, 278
* Tyre, taken by Alexander, 232 ; punished by Augustus, 342
* Tyrtaeus, 23, 370
* V
* Verres, 323
* Via Egnatia, 335
* X
* Xenarchus, 264
* Xenophanes of Colophus, teacher in Sicily, 132, 264, 372 ; on athletes, 45
* Xenophon, 24, 199, 200, 207, 399
* Xerxes, king of Persia, determines to invade Greece, 108 ; at Thermopylae, 114-5 ; in Attica, 116-21
* Z
* Zacynthus (Zante) allied with Athens, 141, 211
* Zeus, 34, 244, 361-2 ; of Dodona, 16 ; temple of at Athens, 149
UNWIN BROTHERS, LIMITED, THE GRESHAM PRESS, WOKING AND LONDON.