# Transactions of the Linnean Society of London/Volume 10/On the Proteaceae of Jussieu

"On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae, also published as "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu", was a paper written by Robert Brown on the taxonomy of the plant family Proteaceae. It was read to the Linnean Society of London in the first quarter of 1809, and published in March 1810. It is significant for its contribution to the systematics of Proteaceae, and to the floristics of Australia, and also for its application of palynology to systematics."Warning: template has been deprecated.
The Errata for this volume lists the following corrections to this page:
* 18, l. 12, for polleniferous read polliniferous.
* 22, l. 7 from the bottom, for Josephia read Dryandra.
* 29, l. 22, for Agastachya read Agastachys.
* 30, l. 3, for Gevuina read Guevina.
* 31, l. 21, for Josephia read Dryandra.
* 34, l. 18, for Ahena read Akena.
* 48, l. 13, for apice read apici; for latera read lateri.
* 48, l. 4 from the bottom, for Rhaphi read Raphe.
* who,
The bursting of the antheræ has, it is true, been generally observed, and many of its most unusual modes have been introduced into the characters of genera; but the examination of these organs, at a still earlier period, has been universally neglected; and hence the very imperfect knowledge which, even now, is possessed of their real nature in two of the most remarkable families of plants, the Orchideæ and Asclepiadeæ.
Examples of the great advantage of observing the antheræ in this early stage will hereafter be given in my general remarks on the order which is the proper subject of this essay. But I trust I shall be pardoned for here introducing some account of their structure in Asclepiadeæ, as it will enable me not only to bring forward the most striking proof of the importance of this consideration with which I am acquainted, but also, as I apprehend, to decide a question which has long occupied, and continues to divide, the most celebrated botanists.
The point in dispute is whether this order, comprehending Asclepias, Cynanchum, Pergularia, Stapelia, and several genera, at present confounded with these, ought to be referred to Pentandria or Gynandria, and, if to the latter, whether the antheræ are to be considered as five or ten; all of which opinions have had advocates of the greatest name in the science.
According to Linnæus, Jussieu and Richard they belong to Pentandria.
Linnæus has assigned no reason for his opinion, which, however, it appears he retained after he became acquainted with the observations of Jacquin and Rottboell; but it is probable he
| vol. x. | d | gaged |
| 18 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| d 2 | Dr. Smith |
| 20 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* feature
| 22 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* the
| 24 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| vol. x. | e | proves |
| 26 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| e 2 | velope, |
| 28 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* cautiously
| 32 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| vol. x. | f | alone, |
| 34 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* me
| 36 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* 1735;
| 38 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* page
| 40 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| vol. x. | g | the |
| 42 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
| g 2 | To |
| 44 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* by
| 46 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
* Fila-
| 48 | Mr. Brown, on the Proteaceae of Jussieu. |
PROTEACEÆ
I. FRUCTUS CLAUSUS :
| A. ANTHERÆ DISTINCTÆ |
| a. Antheræ a calyce liberæ. |
| † Flores dioici, (organis imperfectis.) Stigma femineorum obliquum, emarginatum, papulosum. | | pag. |
| 1. Nux exserta, (barbata:) squamis capituli feminei subulatis. Masculi flores racemosi. | Aulax | (49) |
| 2. Nux v. Samara squamis dilatatis strobili inclusa. Masculi flores capitati. | Leucadendron | (50) |
| †† Flores hermaphroditi, rarò polygami dioici, stigmate tunc verticali. |
| α. Antheræ apicibus concavis calycis immersæ. |
| § Ovarium monospermum. Nux subcrustacea v. Samara. |
| a. Squamulæ Glandulæve nullæ hypogynæ. |
| 1. Nux lenticularis, hinc barbata v. Samara glabra. Calyx totus simul deciduus. | Petrophila | (67) |
| 2. Nux ventricosa, undique æqualiter barbata. Calyx tubo gracili diutiùs persistenti | Isopogon | (71) |
| b. Squamulæ v. Glandulæe quatuor hypogynæ. |
| || Calyx irregularis, labiatus, laciniis tribus (rarò omnibus) cohærentibus. |
| 1. Calyx bipartibilis. Labii majoris laminæ staminiferæ cohærentes. Stylus persistens, subulatus. | Protea | (74) |
| 2. Calyx tubulosus. Laminæ staminiferæ distinctæ. Stylus deciduus, filiformus. | Leucospermum | (95) |
| || || Calyx laciniis, quatuor distinctis (sæpiùs æquidistantibus). |
| α. Capitulum indefinitè multiflorum, subpaleaceum. Involucrum dum atsit imbricatum. |
| 1. Nux brevissimè pedicellata. Paleæ persistentes. Receptaculum convexum. | Serruria | (112) |
| 2. Nux sessilis. Paleæ deciduæ, angustissimæ v. nullæ. Receptaculum planum. | Mimetes | (105) |
| β. Involucrum uniflorum v. definitè pauciflorum. Paleæ nullæ. |
| ‡ Squamulæ hypogynæ a calyce toto deciduo liberæ. |
| * Stigma verticale. Calyx regularis. |
| 1. Nux sessilis, nitens, basi integrâ. Involucrum fructiferum induratum, 4–ph., 4–flor. | Nivenia | (133) |
| 2. Nux pedicellata v. basi emarginata. Involucrum fructiferum non mutatum. | Sorocephalus | (139) |
| ** Stigma obliquum, dilatatum. Calycis laciniâ quartâ sæpè majore. | Spatalla | (143) |
| ‡‡ Squamulæ hypogynæ infra adnatæ basi persistenti calycis. | Adenanthos | (151) |
| §§ Ovarium dispermum. Drupa baccata, putamine osseo. Stima obliquum, dilatatum. Calyx irregularis. | Guevina | (165) |
| β. Antheræ exsertæ. Stamina medio v. basi calycis inserta v. hypogyna. |
| † Glandulæ hypogynæ distinctæ s. connatæ. v. Stamina quatuor sterilia. Drupa putamine osseo. |
| * Drupa exsucca, tomentosa. Filamenta basi calycis inserta. Veginula hypogyna. Flores polygami. | Brabeium | (164) |
| ** Drupa baccata. Flores hermaphroditi. |
| 1. Glandulæ hypogynæ carnosæ. Stamina medio calycis supra recurvi inserta. Ovarium pedicellatum. | Persoonia | (159) |
| 2. Glandulæ hypogynæ staminulaformes. Stamina basi calycis supra angustati inserta. Ovarium sessile. | Cenarrhenes | (158) |
| †† Glandulæ nullæ hypogynæ. |
| § Stamina calyci inserta. |
| 1. Filamenta distincta. Stigma unilaterale. Ovarium monospermum, trigonum (imberbe) | Agastachys | (158) |
| 2. Filamenta apice cohærentia. Stigma subtruncatum. Ovarium dispermum, teres | Symphionema | (157) |
| §§ Stamina receptaculo inserta. Samara aptera, 1–2–sperma. Stigma simplex. | Bellendena | (166) |
| a. Antheræ adnatæ tubo calycis hypocrateriformis! Nux fusiformis, pedicellata; apice dilatato papposo. | Franklandia | (157) |
| B. ANTHERÆ COHÆRENTES, vicinarum lobis proximis loculum unicum constituentibus! tandem distinctæ. |
| α. Calyx regularis. Antheræ exsertæ, omnes bilobæ. | Simsia | (152) |
| β. Calyx ringens. Antheræ inclusæ, laterales dimidiatæ; Stamine quarto sterili. |
| 1. Stigma liberum. Anthera labii superioris biloba. | Conospermum | (153) |
| 2. Stigma filamento sterili cohærens. Anthera media labii inferioris biloba. | Synaphea | (155) |
* II. FRUCTUS.
II. FRUCTUS DEHISCENS. :
| A. UNILOCULARIS. |
| a. Ovarium dispermum. Fructus quandoque monospermus. |
| † Antheræ apicibus concavis calycis immersæ. Glandula hypogyna unica dimidiata, v. nulla. | | pag. |
| * Glandula nulla hypogyna. Stigma conicum. Semen apterum. | Anadenia | (166) |
| ** Glandula hypogyna dimidiata, quandoque lobata. |
| 1. Folliculus (coriaceus v. ligneus) loculo centrali. Semina alâ apicis dum adsit nucleo breviore. | Grevillea | (167) |
| 2. Folliculus incrassato-ligneus, locula excentrico. Semina alâ apicis nucleo longiore. | Hakea | (178) |
| †† Antheræ exsertæ, apicibus calycis revolutis. Glandulæ hypogynæ quatuor, distinctæ v. connatæ. |
| ‡ Involucrum coloratum, deciduum, uni-multiflorum, receptaculo plano. Semina marginata. Stigma subulatum. | Lambertia | (187) |
| ‡‡ Involucrum nullum. Flores spicati. |
| α. Semina apice (solùm) alata. |
| 1. Folliculus incrassato-ligneus, loculo excentrico. Stigma clavatum. Flores polygami. | Xylomelum | (189) |
| 2. Folliculus coriaceus, loculo centrali. Stigma subcylindraceum. | Orites | (189) |
| β. Semina utrinque alata, marginata. Stigma clavatum. Folliculus ligneo-coriaceus. | Rhopala | (190) |
| b. Ovarium tetraspermum! Calyx regularis, Antheræ exsertae. Semina apica alata. Glandulæ quatoor hypogenæ. | Knightia | (193) |
| c. Ovarium polyspermum. Calyx irregularis, apicibus concavis staminiferis. |
| § Semina apice alata. |
| * Stigma verticale, clavatum. Glandula hypogyna unica, semiannularis. | Embothrium | (195) |
| ** Stigma obliquum, unilaterale. |
| 1. Glandula nulla hypogyna. Stigma dilatatum, concavum. Involucrum (racemi) nullum. | Oreocallis | (196) |
| 2. Glandula unica hypogyna, subannularis. Stigma clavatum, convexum. Involucrum (racemi) deciduum. | Telopea | (197) |
| 3. Glandula tres hypogynæ, secundæ. Stigma dilatatum, concavum. Calycis foliola distincta. | Lomatia | (199) |
| §§ Semina basi alata! Glandula hypogyna unica dimidiata. Stigma dilatatum, concavum. | Stenocarpus | (201) |
| B. BILOCULARIS, dissepimento libero, bifido. |
| 1. Amentum paribus flosculorum tribracteatis. | Banksia | (202) |
| 1. Receptaculum commune planum; involucro imbricato; flosculis indeterminatum confertis, paleis solitariis v. nullis. | Dryandra | (211) |
__________
To render this essay as complete as I am able, I proceed to notice such plants, as either belong or have been referred to Proteaceæ, but from my imperfect acquaintance with which, or from the unsatisfactory accounts hitherto given of them, could not with certainty be referred to any of the genera described, or, if referable to any of them, I could not with confidence propose as distinct species; and shall conclude with the addition of a few synonyms to the species described from Ray's Historia Plantarum, which had escaped me when the paper was first read to the Society.
Leucadendron linifolium, foliis lineari-spathulatis aversis basi attenuatis ramisque glabris, capitulo masculo sessili foliis circumvallantibus longiore, calycis tubo barbato: laminis stylisque imberbibus.
Protea linifolia. Jacq. Hort. Schœnb. 1. p. 11. t. 26.
Obs. There can be no doubt of the genus of this plant, or of the individual figured by Jacquin being a male. From the same figure, by which alone I am acquainted with it, it seems to be very nearly related to Leucadendron tortum, from which it differs in having the male heads sessile, and in the laminæ of the calyx being quite smooth.
Leucadendron fusciflorum, foliis lineari-lanceolatis glabris junioribus rectis basi attenuatis, capitulo femineo foliis circumvallantibus breviore, calycis laminis plumoso-barbatis: tubo pilosiusculo.
Protea fusciflora. Jacq. Hort. Schœnb. 1. p. 11. t. 27.