OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Baron

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​ Baron, m., ‘Baron,’ not from the equiv. MidHG. barûn, but from the Fr. and MidL Rhen. form baron, which is found in the 16th cent.; MidLat. baro, baronis, is by some based on Kelt. bar, ‘man,’ and by others on AS. beorn or on OHG. baro, ‘man, vassal.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Bart

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​ Bart, m., ‘beard, comb, barb,’ from the equiv. MidHG. bart, OHG. bart, m.; comp. Du. baard, AS. and E. beard. For this Teut. word, the existence of which is proved by the ethnical term Langobarden to be extremely remote, skegg was used in Scand. The pre-Teut. form of Goth. *barda, f., was, in accordance with the permutation of consonants, bhardhâ — which is also presumed by OSlov. brada (with the usual loss of aspiration and metathesis of the r), and Lat. barba (with b for dh when next to r, comp. rot, Wort; the initial b is from bh, as in Backe; in other cases initial bh is Lat. f). Comp. also Lith. barzdà, ‘beard’ (for *bardà).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barchent

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​ Barchent, m., ‘fustian,’ from MidHG. barchant, barchât, barchet, m., formed from MidLat. bercânus, ‘cloth from camels' hair’; derived, like Berkan, from Arab. barrakân, ‘coarse stuff.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barke

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​ Barke, f., ‘barque, boat,’ from the equiv. MidHG. barke, f.; corresponds to Scand. barke, ‘barque’; not of Germ. origin. The cognates are based upon an equiv. Rom. class with the primit. forms barca-barica (found even in the 7th cent. in Isidore); comp. Fr. barque (besides OFr. barge, from MidLat. barica; whence E. barge, LG. Barse), Ital. barca; OIr. barc is of similar origin. The ultimate source of the cognates (Spain?) is uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barn

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​ Barn, m., ‘crib, hayrack above the crib,’ from the equiv. MidHG. barn, m., OHG. barno, m.; AS. bern, E. barn, is equiv. to Germ. Scheuer. The Germ. and Eng. words are not, perhaps, identical, but only of a cognate stem; the stem of the Eng. word is bar-, which appears in Goth. *baris, ‘barley,’ AS. bere, E. barley, and is cognate with Lat. far, farris, ‘spelt,’ OBulg. bŭrŭ, ‘a species of millet’; AS. bern is explained from bere-ern, ‘barley-house.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barre

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​ Barre, f., Barren, m., ‘bar, ingot,’ from MidHG. barre, f., ‘bolt, railing,’ which comes from Fr. barre.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barte

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​ Barte (1.), f., ‘broad axe,’ from the equiv. MidHG. barte, OHG. barta, f.; in Bav.-Suab. the word, which is properly North G., does not occur; allied to ODu. and OSax. barda, OIc. barða (OFr. barde, ‘hatchet,’ is borrowed from Teut.). From this word OSlov. brady, f., ‘axe,’ is borrowed. The words are derivatives of the stem bhardh- appearing in Bart; the axe is, as it were, ‘the bearded thing,’ OIc. skeggja, ‘broad axe,’ being related in a similar way to ‘beard’; likewise MidE. barbe (from Lat.-Rom. barba) signifies, among other things, ‘edge of the axe.’ Comp. Hellebarde.
Barte (2.), f., ‘baleen,’ a deriv. of Bart, first occurring in ModHG., and akin to Barte; comp. E. barbs, from Lat. barba; Du. baarden, plur.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barsch

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​ Barsch, m., ‘perch,’ from the equiv. MidHG. bars, m.; there is also a deriv. form MidHG. and OHG. bersich; comp. the corresponding Du. baars, AS. bœrs, bears, E. dial. barse (bass); allied to the compounds Sw. abborre, Dan. aborre (rr from rs), with the same meaning. The cognates cannot have been borrowed from the equiv. Lat. perca; they are more akin to the Teut. root bars (bors) in Borste, Bürste, signifying ‘to be bristly.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Base

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​ Base, f. (dialect. designating any of the remoter degrees of relation on the female side, e.g., in the Basle dial. ‘aunt, niece, cousin’), ‘cousin, aunt,’ from MidHG. base, OHG. basa, ‘father's sister’; the AS. and Fris. dialects have a word allied to Vater; AS. faþu, OFris. fethe. The Teut. type faþôn is certainly only a term of endearment for faþar-, fadar-suëstar, ‘father’s sister.’ Probably OHG. basa is also a pet or childish name for the proper badar-, fadar-swësô. The same might be said of the variant MidG. and LG. Wase, and with the necessary qualifications of the masc. Baas.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schindel

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​ Schindel. f., ‘shingle, splint,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schindel, OHG. scintila, f., formed from MidLat. scindula, scandula, ‘shingle,’ the sound of which was perhaps influenced by Gr. σχινδαλμύς. The word was borrowed from MidLat. about the 6th cent., contemporaneously with Ziegel, Mauer, &c. The MidE. form schingel, E. shingle, is peculiar. The Rom. languages preserve the a- form, Lat. scandula; comp. Ital. (dial.) scandola and Fr. échandole.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schinken

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​ Schinken, m., ‘ham,’ from MidHG. schinke, m., ‘thigh, ham,’ OHG. scincho, m., scincha, f., ‘tibia, thigh.’ They are related by gradation to the cognates adduced under Schenkel, to which Suab. and Alem. (and Bav.) Schunke, OFris. skunka, meaning ‘bone, thigh, ham,’ are also to be added as further graded forms. Its connection with Schiene is probable on account of the meaning. From the Teut. cognates Ital. (dial.) stinco (schinco), ‘shin-bone,’ is borrowed.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schirmen

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​ Schirmen, vb., ‘to protect, defend,’ from MidHG. schirmen, schërmen, ‘to protect, defend, fight,’ OHG. scirmen, ‘to serve as a bulwark, protect,’ allied to OHG. scirm, scërm, m., ‘bulwark, shield, protection,’ MidHG. schirm, schërm, m., ‘shield, penthouse, shelter, defence’; to these Schirm and beschirmen are allied. From Teut. are derived the Rom. cognates of Ital. schermo, ‘screen,’ schermire, ‘to fight.’ The early history of these words, which are wanting in the rest of the Teut. dials., is obscure; Gr. σκίρον, ‘parasol,’ is perhaps primit. allied.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schiß

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​ Schiß, m., ‘ordure,’ a ModHG. form from scheißen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schimmer

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​ Schimmer, m., ‘glimmer,’ early ModHG., formed from LG. and Du. schemeren, ‘to glimmer, gleam.’ This is connected, like MidHG. schîme, ‘glimmer, lustre,’ OHG. scîmo, Goth. skeima, ‘light, lamp,’ with the root skī̆, ‘to shine, glitter’; comp. MidE. schimeren, ‘to shimmer,’ E. shimmer, E. shim, ‘white spot,’ Swed. skimra (see Schemen).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schirren

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​ Schirren, see Geschirr.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schinden

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schinden | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schinden, vb., ‘to skin, flay,’ from MidHG. schinden, ‘to skin, peel, ill-treat severely,’ OHG. scintan; a denominative from a lost OHG. *scind, n., ‘hide, skin,’ which may be assumed in OHG. from OIc. skinn (see Schinne), n., ‘skin, hide, fur, leather.’ E. skin, from MidE. skinne (AS. scinn), is borrowed from Scand., since AS. sci, sči, must have become shi in ModE. Goth. *skinþa-, from pre-Teut. skénto-, has not yet been found in the non-Teut. languages.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schinnen

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​ Schinnen, plur., ‘dandruff, scurf,’ ModHG. only, from MidG. and LG.; connected with the cognates discussed under schinden; lit. ‘that which comes off in scales from the skin of the head’; hence allied to OIc. skinn (from *skinþ), ‘skin’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schirling

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​ Schirling, see Schierling.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schimpf

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schimpf | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schimpf, m., ‘insult, abuse, affront,’ from MidHG. schimpf (parallel form schampf), m., ‘jest, pastime, play, tournament.’ The current meaning first appeared in early ModHG.; yet the older sense ‘jest,’ which belongs to OHG. scimpf, MidHG. schimpf, was retained till the 17th cent. (Logau); comp. Du. schimp, ‘scorn, mockery,’ MidHG. schumpfe, f., ‘paramour’ (lit. ‘she who jests’). The root skimp, ‘to jest,’ which appears in OHG. scimpf, is wanting in the other Teut. dials. It has been connected with Gr. σκώπτω, ‘to jest, deride,’ which, with its double meaning, certainly furnishes an analogy for MidHG. Schimpf.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schall

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​ Schall, m., ‘loud sound, noise,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schal (gen. schalles), OHG. scal (ll), m.; from this is derived MidHG. and ModHG. schallen, akin to OHG. scëllan, MidHG. schëllen, ‘to sound loudly, resound,’ OIc. skjalla, ‘to rattle.’ From the Teut. verb is derived the Rom. term Ital. squillare, ‘to ring, resound.’ See Schelle and Schilling.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schalmei

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​ Schalmei, f., ‘reed pipe, shepherd’s pipe,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schalemîe, f., which is again derived from the equiv. Fr. chalumeau, or rather Burg. and Wall. chalemie, MidLat. scalmeia (akin to Lat. calamus).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schande

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​ Schande, f., ‘disgrace, infamy,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schande, OHG. scanta, ​f.; corresponding to the equiv. Goth. skanda, AS. sčęǫnd, Du. schande, f.; an abstract form from the root skam (see Scham), with the change of m into n before d, as in Rand. Comp. further the partic. in da- formed from the same root, OHG. scant (see laut, fatt, and zart); from this is derived ModHG. schänden, MidHG. schęnden, OHG. scęnten, ‘to dishonour, ravish.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schakal

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​ Schakal, m., ‘jackal,’ ModHG. only, ​from Pers. and Turk. schakal; through the medium of Fr. chacal?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schale

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schale | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schale, f., ‘shell, peel, scale, dish,’ from MidHG. schū̆l, schū̆le, OHG. scū̆la, f., ‘husk of fruit, egg-shell, &c., drinking cup’ (hence Fr. écale, ‘egg-shell, nut-shell’). It is questionable whether the two different senses are evolved from the same word. It is at all events probable that one of the meanings was connected with a form containing ă (in the sense of ‘husk’), the other with a form containing â, just as North Fris. distinguishes skal (orig. ă), ‘‘scale of animals,’ &c., from skeel (orig. â, ê), ‘bowl.’ Comp. OSax. scâla, f., ‘drinking cup,’ AS. sčeălu, ‘husk,’ E. shale and (under OIc. influence?) scale, OIc. skál, f., ‘drinking cup, scale (of a balance).’ Akin to Goth. skalja, f., ‘tile’ (lit. perhaps ‘shingle, similar to a scale’), OIc. skel, f., AS. sčyll, f., E. shell, Du. schel, f., ‘shell, husk.’ The Goth. and Teut. form skalja passed into Rom.; comp. Ital. scalgia, Fr. écaille, ‘scale, shell, crust.’ The Teut. cognates are usually connected with an Aryan root skel, ‘to split’; comp. Schelle, as well as Lith. skélti, ‘to split,’ OSlov. skolĭka, ‘mussel, shell-fish,’ Russ. skala, ‘crust.’—
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schank

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​ Schank, m., ‘retail, from late MidHG. *schanc, m., in wîn-schanc, m., ‘wine tavern’; the simple MidHG. word schanc signifies ‘vessel to pour from; present.’ Allied to schenken.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Scham

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Scham | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Scham, f., ‘shame, disgrace, bashfulness, pudenda,’ f., from MidHG. scham, OHG. scama, f., ‘sense of shame, confusion, infamy, disgrace (MidHG.), pudibunda.’ Comp. OSax. skama, f., ‘confusion,’ Du. schaam- (in compounds), AS. sčeǫmu, f., ‘shame, infamy, disgrace,’ E. shame; Goth. *skama, f., may be inferred from skaman, ‘to be ashamed’ (OHG. scamên). The Aryan root skam, which also appears in ModHG. Schande, is connected with the Aryan root kam, ‘to cover oneself,’ preserved in Hemd (which see, as well as Leichnam) and in Goth. hamôn, so that Goth. sik skaman, ‘to be ashamed,’ would signify lit. ‘to cover oneself.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schalk

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​ Schalk, m., ‘rogue, knave,’ from MidHG. schalc, m., ‘servant, serf; person of servile character, espec. cunning person,’ OHG. scalch, m., ‘servant’; corresponding to Goth. skalks, OIc. skálkr, AS. sčealc, m., ‘retainer, man’ (so too the corresponding fem. sčylčen, ‘‘maid-servant’). The evolution in meaning is similar to that of AS. čyfes and wealh; see Kebse and welsch. Schalk passed at an early period into Ital., in which scalco signifies ‘head-cook.’ It is worthy of note that the meaning of the word is lifted into a higher plane in its transition from MidHG. to ModHG.; it is thus defined by Goethe, ‘one who plays a good-humoured practical joke.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schalotte

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​ Schalotte, f., ‘shallot,’ formed from the equiv. Fr. échalotte, from MidLat. ascalonium, ‘onion from Ascalon (in Palestine),’ whence also ModHG. Aschlauch.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schaluppe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schaluppe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schaluppe, f£., ‘sloop,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Fr. chaloupe, which is derived from Du. sloep, whence also the equiv. E. sloop; the E. variant shallop comes from Fr.
# American Communications Association v. Douds

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.

## Concurring Opinions

    Frankfurter
    Jackson

## Dissenting Opinion

    Black
United States Supreme Court
339 U.S. 382
American Communications Association v. Douds
Argued: Oct. 10, 11, 1949. --- Decided: may 8, 1950
See 339 U.S. 990, 70 S.Ct. 1017.
[Syllabus from pages 382-384 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Victor Rabinowitz, New York City, for appellant American Communications Ass'n.
Mr. Thomas E. Harris, Washington, D.C., for petitioners United Steelworkers.
Mr. Philip B. Perlman, Sol. Gen., Washington, D.C., for appellee National Labor Relations Board.
Mr. Chief Justice VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Anthony (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Anthony, 2s. John, of Dursley, co. Gloucester, gent. Exeter Coll., matric. 2 June, 1852, aged 18; B.A. 1858, M.A. 1859, vicar of Coaley, co. Gloucester, died at Dursley 9 May, 1862.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur Charles Vaughan

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur Charles Vaughan, 2s. Edward Vaughan, of St. Margaret's, Westminster, equitis. Christ Church, matric. 18 May, 1853, aged 18; student 1853-68, B.A. 1857, M.A. 1860, vicar of Down Ampney, Wilts, 1868, until his death 9 Feb., 1875, brother of Hervey V.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur Scott

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur Scott, 4s. Montagu, of Woolland, Dorset, arm. New Coll., matric. 4 Dec., 1882, aged 18; B.A. 1886, brother of Herbert S. and Montague S.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Anthony Champernowne

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Anthony Champernowne, 5s. Isaac, of Stinchcombe, co. Gloucester, cler. Oriel Coll., matric. 19 Oct., 1867, aged 18; brother of George A., of John E., and Henry 1864.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur John, o.s. John, of Llowes, co. Radnor, cler. Balliol Coll., matric. 21 Oct., 1869, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur Theodore

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur Theodore, 3s, Walter Davis, of of Reigate, Surrey, D.Med. Wadham Coll., matric. 19 Oct., 1885, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur, s. John, of Holy Trinity, Chester (city), arm. Jesus Coll., matric. 25 May, 1721, aged 17; B.A. 1726, M.A. 1728, archdeacon of St. Davids and rector of St. Mary's, Chester, died 21 Aug., 1737, brother of John 1718, and Edward 1726. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur (Dyson)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur (Dyson), 2s. Leonard Dyson, of Neath, co. Glamorgan, arm. Corpus Christi Coll., matric. 21 Oct., 1880, aged 20; B.A. 1886, M.A. 1887, bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1884. See Foster's Men at the Bar.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur Frederick Basil

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur Frederick Basil, o.s. Frederick George Adolphus, of London, arm. New Coll., matric. 15 Oct., 1886, aged 19; scholar 1886.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Arthur James

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Arthur James, 6s. Samuel, of Clifton, cler. Christ Church, matric. 27 March, 1851, aged 20; servitor 1851-5, B.A. 1855, M.A. 1857, chaplain Merton College 1856-61, 2nd master Cathedral School, Oxford, and chaplain of Christ Church 1855-9, rector of Drayton, Berks, 1858.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Standarte

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​ Standarte, f., ‘standard, banner,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stanthart (standert), m. Borrowed in the 13th cent. from OFr. estendard (Fr. étendard), ‘flag,’ or preferably from the equiv. Ital. stendardo, which. is based on Lat. extendere. From the same source E. standard is derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Staub

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Staub | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Staub, n., ‘dust, spray,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. stoup (gen. stoubes), m.; also, by a different formation, ModHG. Gestüpp, MidHG. stüppe, OHG. stuppi, ‘dust,’ which, like Goth. stubjus, is connected with stieben, ‘to fly as dust, scatter.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Stapfe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Stapfe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Stapfe, m., ‘footprint, footstep,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stapfe, OHG. stapfo (staffo), m.; allied to MidHG. and OHG. stępfen, also MidHG. stapfen, OHG. stapfôn, ‘to tread,’ which corresponds to the AS. str. vb. stœppan. Comp. Du. stap, ‘step,’ stappen, ‘to step,’ and the E. word step. The Teut. verbal root stap, ‘to tread, step, go,’ to which Staffel and Stufe are allied, appears in a nasalised form in the cognate stampfen. From Teut. is borrowed Ital. staffa, ‘stirrup,’ whence staffetta, ‘courier,’ ​is derived. Since the Aryan root stab may have had a variant slap, it is possible that OSlav. stopa, ‘track,’ is primit. allied to Stapfe.