OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Sophronius, ecclesiastical writer

Sophronius (7), a learned Greek friend of Jerome, who was with him in 391–392, and is included in his catalogue of ecclesiastical writers. He had, while still young, composed a book on the glories of Bethlehem, and, just before the catalogue was written, a book on the destruction of the Serapeum, and had translated into Greek Jerome's letter to Eustochium on virginity, his Life of Hilarion, and his Latin version of the Psalms and Prophets. Jerome records that it was at Sophronius's instance that he wrote the last-named. Sophronius had, in dispute with a Jew, quoted from the Psalms, but the Jew said that the passages read differently in Hebrew. Sophronius therefore asked from Jerome a version direct from the Hebrew, which Jerome gave, though he knew that alterations from the received version would cause him some obloquy. The importance of these alterations led Sophronius to translate the versions into Greek. They were well received, and were read in many of the Eastern churches instead of the Septuagint. The translations have not come down to us; but a Greek version of the catalogue of ecclesiastical writers bears the name of Sophronius. It is not quite accurate, but appears to have been the version used by Photius. The presence of his name on this book probably gave rise to its insertion in some MSS. between the names of Jerome, who, however, does not appear to have adopted it. Hieron., de Vir. Ill. 134; cont. Ruf. ii. 24; Ceillier, vi. 278; and Vallarsi's pref. to Jerome, de Vir. Ill.
[W.H.F.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Sisinnius, bp. of Novatianists

Sisinnius (7), a bishop of the Novatianists at Constantinople, succeeding on Marcian's death in Nov. 395 (Socr. H. E. v. 21; vi. 1; Soz. H. E. viii. 1). He published a treatise warmly controverting Chrysostom's impassioned language as to the efficacy of repentance and the restoration of penitents to communion, de Poenitentia (Socr. H. E. vi. 21). Chrysostom, taking umbrage at this and at his claim to exercise episcopal functions in Constantinople, threatened to stop his preaching. Sisinnius jocosely told him he would be much obliged to him for sparing him so much trouble, and thus disarmed his anger (ib. 22). Sisinnius enjoyed a great reputation for witty repartees. Several are collected by Socrates (l.c.), but do not give a very high idea of his powers. He is described as a man of great eloquence, enhanced by dignity of countenance and person, gracefulness of action, and by the tones of his voice. He had a considerable reputation for learning, being very familiar with philosophical writings as well as expositions of Scripture, and was well skilled in dialectics. Together with Theodotus of Antioch he composed a synodic letter against the Thessalians, in the name of the Novatianist bishops assembled at Constantinople for his consecration, addressed to Berinianus, Amphilochius, and other bishops of Pamphylia (Phot. Cod. Iii. col. 40; Cave, Hist. Lit. i. 290). Though a bishop of a schismatic body, he was much esteemed by the orthodox bishops, especially by Atticus, and was the honoured friend of leading aristocrats of Constantinople. He kept a sumptuous table, though not exceeding the bounds of moderation himself. Sisinnius died the same year as Chrysostom, a.d. 407, and was succeeded by Chrysanthus (Socr. H. E. vii. 6; Cave, u.s.).
[E.V.]
# Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company/Dissent Douglas

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinions Douglas Harlan
United States Supreme Court
375 U.S. 208
Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company
Argued: Nov. 19, 1963. --- Decided: Dec 9, 1963
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS, with whom Mr. Justice HARLAN concurs, dissenting.
The cases cited by the Court to reverse the Utah Supreme Court are familiar ones that involve the duty of an employer to provide the employee with a safe place to work. Lavender v. Kurn, 327 U.S. 645, 651-653, 66 S.Ct. 740, 743-744, 90 L.Ed. 916; Boston & M.R. Co. v. Meech, 1 Cir., 156 F.2d 109, 111-112. That issue was covered by the instructions to the jury in the present case. But as I read the record there is no evidence of negligence on the issue of 'a reasonably safe place in which to work.' In this case each workman furnished his own clothes. If it were the custom of the railroad to furnish gloves or other clothes to the employees or if, under a collective bargaining agreement, it had become its duty to do so and petitioner had been issued faulty garments, we would have a different case. We would also have a different case if failure to furnish an employee with certain kinds of equipment were tantamount to a failure to provide him a safe place to work. See, e.g., Williams v. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co., 5 Cir., 190 F.2d 744; Young v. Clinchfield R. Co., 4 Cir., 288 F.2d 499; Ferrara v. Boston & M.R. Co., 338 M ss. 323, 155 N.E.2d 416. But no such issue is tendered here.
The weather was bitter, and the emergency job of repairing a section of a damaged rail could only be done outdoors. But there was a heated truck cab for protection against the weather and outdoors there was a fire. There is nothing to suggest that petitioner was barred from using either, that pressures were put on him to remain outdoors and away from the fire or the heated cab, or that disciplinary measures would be used against those who took frequent recesses to keep warm. Rather, it was admitted that the men generally took turns using the fire and that each was the best judge of when he should warm himself.
Knowledge of the foreman that petitioner was dressed less warmly than the other crew members would be relevant if it were coupled with the foreman's insistence that he perform labor for which his attire was not suitable. That, too, is a different case. The strongest possible case for petitioner, as the Court says, is that he was 'permitted' to continue working after his fingers, with the knowledge of the foreman, became very cold. But unless employers are to become insurers of these industrial accidents, that is no evidence of negligence in a society where everyone is presumed to have enough sense 'to some in out of the rain.'

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company/Dissent Harlan

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinions Douglas Harlan
United States Supreme Court
375 U.S. 208
Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company
Argued: Nov. 19, 1963. --- Decided: Dec 9, 1963
Mr. Justice HARLAN, dissenting.
I do not believe this case should have been taken for review and I now dissent from the reversal of the judgment of the Utah Supreme Court, for reasons already expressed in past cases of this type. See Rogers v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 352 U.S. 500, 559, 77 S.Ct. 443, 459, 1 L.Ed.2d 493; Webb v. Illinois Central R. Co., 352 U.S. 512, 559, 77 S.Ct. 451, 459, 1 L.Ed.2d 503; Ferguson v. Moore-McCormack Lines, Inc., 352 U.S. 521, 559, 77 S.Ct. 457, 459, 1 L.Ed.2d 511, 515; Arnold v. Panhandle & S.F.R. Co., 353 U.S. 360, 361, 77 S.Ct. 840, 841, 1 L.Ed.2d 889; Harris v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 361 U.S. 15, 25, 80 S.Ct. 22, 28, 4 L.Ed.2d 1; Davis v. Virginian R. Co., 361 U.S. 354, 358, 80 S.Ct. 387, 289, 4 L.Ed.2d 366; Michalic v. Cleveland Tankers, Inc., 364 U.S. 325, 332, 81 S.Ct. 6, 11, 12, 5 L.Ed.2d 20; Gallick v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 372 U.S. 108, 122, 83 S.Ct. 659, 668, 9 L.Ed.2d 618; Basham v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 372 U.S. 699, 701, 83 S.Ct. 965, 967, 10 L.Ed.2d 80.
In this instance we are not even precisely informed by the Court's opinion wherein the respondent's conduct was negligent. The means for requiting unfortunate industrial accidents of this sort should be found not in destroying the supervisory power of the courts over jury verdicts unsupported by evidence of employer fault, but in legislative expansion of the concepts of workmen's compensation laws, under which compensation is not dependent upon a showing of employer negligence. Cf. Gallick v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., supra.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinions

    Douglas
    Harlan
United States Supreme Court
375 U.S. 208
Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company
Argued: Nov. 19, 1963. --- Decided: Dec 9, 1963
Wayne L. Black, Salt Lake City, Utah, for petitioner.
Clifford L. Ashton, Salt Lake City, Utah, for respondent.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bilgrami, Sayyid Ali

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​BILGRAMI, SAYYID ALI (1851–)
Son of Sayyid Zainuddin Husain Khan Bahadm:, of the Bengal Provincial Service, a member of the well-known [family of Sayyids of Bilgram who emigrated to India from Wasit in Mesopotamia: born Nov. 10, 1851: educated at Canning College, Lucknow; Patna College, Bankipur, and Thomason Civil Engineering College, Rurki: M.A., and B.L.: in 1876, visited Europe and England in the suite of Sir Salar Jang I. (q.v.): joined the Royal School of Mines, passed the Examination for the Associateship in two years, and obtained the Murchison Medal in Geology. On return to India, in 1879, he entered the service of the Nizam of Hyderabad: became Secretary in the Departments of Public Works, Railways and Mines for nearly ten years: retired in 1901 to settle in England: was Examiner in Sanskrit to the University of Madras from 1890–2: received the title of Shams-al-ulama for Arabic learning in 1891: Gold Medallist, Calcutta University: in 1902 was appointed Lecturer in Mahratti to the University of Cambridge: has published Civilization of the Arabs, translated from the French of Dr. Gustav Le Bon: Manual of Medical Jurisprudence, Monograph on the Book of Kalila and Damna, Notes on the Educational Value of Persian as compared with Sanskrit, A Guide to the Cave Temples of Ellora, The Geology and Economic Minerals of Hyderabad, etc: appointed, 1902, by the India Office, to catalogue the collections of Arabic and Persian MSS., known as the Delhi MSS., a work of some magnitude.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bird, James

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​BIRD, JAMES ( ? - ? )
Belonged to the Bombay Medical Establishment: member of the Medical Board: Secretary to the Bombay Asiatic Society, 1844–7: wrote on various subjects, historical and archaeological, connected with India: author of an Analysis of the Mirat-i-Ahmadi, A History of the Province of Gujarat, translated from the Persian.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bird, Mary

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​BIRD, MARY (1789–1834)
Born, May 29, 1789, daughter of Robert Bird, of Taplow: went to India, 1823, to her brother R. M. Bird (q.v.) at Gorakhpur: helped the Mission there, and learnt Hindustani: removed to Calcutta, 1830, and carried on mission and education work there, in the native zenanas, and by opening Bible classes, Sunday and Girls' Schools: published works translated into Hindustani: died of cholera on her birthday. May 29, 1834.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bigandet, Right Rev. Paul Ambrose

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​BIGANDET, RIGHT REV. PAUL AMBROSE (1813–1894)
Born 1813 at Besancon: educated there, and studied for two years at the Seminary of Foreign Missions, Paris: in 1837, sent by the Roman Church as missionary to Malacca: removed to Burma, and in 1856 was consecrated Bishop of Ramatha and Administrator of Pegu and Ava (soon after the annexation of Lower Burma): from 1870 was Vicar-Apostolic of Southern Burma: his residence for 50 years in that country was marked by many labours, not only that of organizing the Roman Catholic mission there, but also by his work in the promotion of native education, and the service he rendered to Buddhistic literature: he died at Rangoon, March 16, 1894: a noted Pali scholar, and the great authority on Burmese Buddhism: his most important work, the Life of Gautama, first published in 1858, went through three editions: it is based entirely on native Burmese MSS., and is one of the standard works of the 19th century: wrote also a Memoir on the Phoongis, or Religious Buddhists, 1865.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bignold, Thomas Francis

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​BIGNOLD, THOMAS FRANCIS ( ? –1888)
I.C.S.: educated at Canis College, Cambridge: Scholar: entered the Bengal Civil Service by competition: went to India, 1859: served in Lower Bengal: District Judge at several places: wrote Leviora: being the rhymes of a successful competitor, 1888: died in Melbourne while his book was still in the Press in Calcutta.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bird, Louis Saunders

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​BIRD, LOUIS SAUNDERS (1792–1874)
Lt-General: entered the E. I. Co.'s Bengal Army in 1808: at the capture of the Mauritius, 1810: under Ochterlony in the Nipal war, 1816: in Oudh in 1816–7: in the Pindari war, 1817–9: in Bundelkund, 1821: in Hariana, 1824–5: against the Kols, 1832–3: in the Satlaj campaign of 1845–6: in the battles of Mudki, Firozshahr, Badiwal, Aliwal: Brevet Lt-Colonel: commanded a Brigade in the suppression of the Sonthal insurrection in 1855–6: died April 14, 1874.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Biddulph, Sir Michael Anthony Shrapnel

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​BIDDULPH, SIR MICHAEL ANTHONY SHRAPNEL (1823–1904)
Son of the Rev. Thomas Shrapnel Biddulph, of Amroth Castle, Pembrokeshire: born in 1823: educated at Woolwich: entered the Royal Artillery in 1843: Captain, 1850: Brevet-Major, 1854: Maj-General, 1877: General, 1886: he served throughout the Crimean campaign: in India he was Deputy Adjutant General of Artillery, 1868–73, and commanded the Rohilkund District in 1876: in the Afghan war of 1878–80, he commanded the Quetta Field Force, and a Division of the Kandahar Field Force: was present at the occupation of Kandahar, and the engagement at Khushk-i-Nakhand, and, later, commanded the Thal-Chotiali Field Force: C.B., 1873: K.C.B. in 1879: President ​of the Ordnance Committee, 1886–9: retired in 1900: G.C.B.: from 1879 till his death he held appointments about the Court, and was Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod from 1896: died July 23, 1904.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Bidie, George

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​BIDIE, GEORGE (1830–)
Educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and University: entered the Madras Medical Service, 1856: served in the mutiny: Professor of Botany, Madras Medical College: Superintendent of Lunatic Asylum, 1866–70: Secretary of head office of Medical Department, 1870–3: in charge of the Government Central Museum, 1872–85: Surgeon - General of Madras, 1886–90: discovered a preventive for insect pest in coffee plantations: author of several works, including Handbook of Practical Pharmacy, Nilgiri Parasitical Plants, etc.: C.I.E., 1883.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Birch, Sir Richard James Holwell

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​BIRCH, SIR RICHARD JAMES HOLWELL (1803–1876)
Son of the R. C. Birch of the Indian Civil Service, who was a grandson of J. Z. Holwell (q.v.): born in 1803: entered the Indian Army, 1821: held several Staff appointments: was Judge-Advocate General in Bengal, 1841: in the Sikh wars of 1845–6, and 1848–9: had a Brigade after Chilianwala: distinguished himself at Gujarat: C.B., 1849: under Sir Colin Campbell on the frontier in 1850: Secretary to the Govt, of India in ​the Military Dept., from 1852 for several years, including the mutiny: K.C.B. in 1860: retired 1861: Lt-General: died Feb. 25, 1875.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Biddulph, John

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​BIDDULPH, JOHN (1840–)
Colonel: born July 25, 1840: son of Robert Biddulph, of Ledbury: educated at Westminster: entered the Bengal Cavalry and arrived in India, 1858: served in the mutiny: joined the Indian Staff Corps: A.D.C. to Lord Northbrook when Viceroy, 1872–6: member of the mission to Yarkand, 1873–4: employed on a secret mission to countries beyond Gilgit, 1877: acting A.G.G. Beluchistan, May-Nov., 1882: Political Agent, Bhopawar, 1882: Haraoti and Tonk, 1886: Resident and Commissioner, Ajmir, 1890: Officiating Agent, Beluchistan, 1891: acting Resident at Gwalior, 1892: Resident at Baroda, 1893: reverted to military duty, 1895: author of Tribes of the Hindu Kush, 1880: The Nineteenth and their Times, 1899: Stringer Lawrence, 1901.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carpentière, —

Andries Carpentière in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
​CARPENTIÈRE or CHARPENTIÈRE, —— (d. 1737), statuary, was much employed by the Duke of Chandos at Canons. He was for some years principal assistant to Van Ost, the modeller of the statue of George I, once at Canons and afterwards in Leicester Square. Carpentière afterwards set up for himself, and towards the end of his life kept a manufactory of leaden statues in Piccadilly. He was over sixty when he died in 1737.
[Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting (Dallaway and Wornum).]
C. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carpenter, Richard (1575-1627)

​CARPENTER, RICHARD (1575–1627), divine, was born in Cornwall in 1575. He matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford, on 28 May 1592, and took his degrees of B.A. on 19 Feb. 1595–6, B.D. 25 June 1611, and D.D. 10 Feb. 1616–17. He was elected to a Cornish fellowship at his college on 30 June 1596, and retained it until 30 June 1606, during which time he devoted his attention, under the advice of Thomas Holland, the rector of Exeter College, to the study of theology, and became noted for his preaching powers. In 1606 he was appointed by Sir Robert Chichester to the rectories of Sherwell and Loxhore, near Barnstaple, and it has been suggested that he was the Richard Carpenter who from 1601 to 1626 held the vicarage of Collumpton. While he was a tutor at Oxford, Christopher Trevelyan, a son of John Trevelyan of Nettlecombe, Somersetshire, who married Urith, daughter of Sir John Chichester of Devonshire, was among his pupils, and through this introduction to these families Carpenter married Susanna, his pupil's youngest sister, and obtained his benefice from Sir Robert Chichester. He died on 18 Dec. 1627, and was buried in the chancel of Loxhore Church, where a monument was erected to his memory.
Carpenter's literary productions were confined to theology. He was the author of: 1. ‘A Sermon preached at the Funeral Solemnities of Sir Arthur Ackland,’ 9 Jan. 1611–12. 2. ‘A Pastoral Charge at the Triennial Visitation of the Bishop of Exon. at Barnstaple,’ 1616. 3. ‘Christ's Larum Bell of Love resounded,’ 1616. 4. ‘The Concionable Christian,’ three sermons preached before the judges of the circuit in 1620, London, 1623. His learning is highly praised by Charles Fitzgeoffry in his ‘Affaniæ,’ and two letters addressed to him by Degory Wheare in 1603 and 1621 are in the ‘Epistolæ Eucharisticæ’ subjoined to the latter's ‘Pietas erga Benefactores,’ 1628. Some verses by Carpenter are printed in the ‘Funebre Officium in memoriam Elizabethæ Angliæ reginæ’ of the university of Oxford, 1603, and in the collection (‘Pietas erga Jacobum Angliæ regem’) with which that body in the same year welcomed the new king.
W. P. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carpentiers, Adrien

​CARPENTIERS, CARPENTIER, or CHARPENTIÈRE, ADRIEN (fl. 1760–1774), portrait painter, was one of the artists who signed the deed of the Free Society of Artists in 1763. He sent pictures to the exhibitions of that society and to those of the Society of Artists and the Royal Academy (fourteen works in all) between 1760 and 1774, both inclusive. He is said to have been a native of France or Switzerland who settled in England about 1760. He died at Pimlico about 1778 at an advanced age. No connection has been traced between him and Carpentière or Charpentière [q. v.] A portrait of Roubiliac by him is in the National Portrait Gallery, which has been engraved by Chambers in line and by Martin in mezzotint. His own portrait is in Salters' Hall.
[Pye's Patronage of British Art; Cat. of the National Portrait Gallery; Bryan's Dict. of Painters and Engravers (Graves); Redgrave's Dict. of Artists, 1878; Pilkington's Dict. of Painters; Graves's Dict. of Artists; Edwards's Anecdotes of Painters.]
C. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carpenter, Richard Cromwell

1904 Errata appended.
​CARPENTER, RICHARD CROMWELL (1812–1855), architect, was born 21 Oct. 1812, educated at Charterhouse, and articled to Mr. Blyth. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1830, sending a ‘Design for a Cathedral Transept,’ and between that year and 1849 exhibited nine works. Among his earliest buildings were the churches ​of St. Stephen and St. Andrew at Birmingham; among his later St. Paul, Brighton, and St. Mary Magdalen, Munster Square, London. He also executed restorations at Chichester Cathedral, Sherborne Abbey, and designed St. John's College, Hurstpierpoint, Sussex. He died in Upper Bedford Place, Russell Square, 27 March 1855.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists, 1878; Graves's Dict. of Artists.]
C. M.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.55 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 165 | i | 5 | Carpenter, Richard C.: after and insert designed |
# Dent v. Ferguson (131 U.S. 397)/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
131 U.S. 397
Dent v. Ferguson
On consideration of the motion for leave to furnish 15 copies of the record as already printed, and for a remission of the clerk's fees for supervising the printing, it is now here ordered by the court that upon the appellants' filing 15 copies of the record, as already printed, and making payment of $100, as for cost of additional printing required, the balance of the estimated costs be remitted.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dent v. Ferguson (131 U.S. 397)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
131 U.S. 397
Dent v. Ferguson
[Statement of Case from pages 397-401 intentionally omitted]
A. B. Browne and D. H. Poston, for appellants.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Denton v. Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
284 U.S. 305
Denton v. Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad Company
Argued: Dec. 11, 1931. --- Decided: Jan 4, 1931
Mr. John P. Bramhall, of Washington, D. C., for petitioner.
Mr. H. D. Minor, of Memphis, Tenn., for respondents.
[Argument of Counsel from page 306 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

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# Dent v. Ferguson

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* Dent v. Ferguson (131 U.S. 397)
* Dent v. Ferguson (132 U.S. 50)