# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Index to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition

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INDEX
TO THE
ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA
ELEVENTH EDITION
A (letter) 1-1a. — (abbrev.) 1-29d; Bible MSS. 3-880b; chemistry 6-39b; logic 1-2a. — (goddess) 24-799a. A1 (at Lloyd's) 1-2a. A. A. (abbrev.) 1-29a. AA, riv. (derivation) 1-2a. —, riv. Fr. 12-383a; canalization 24-33b. —, riv., Holl. (N.Brabant) 13-588 (C3); 13-588c. —(Drentsche Aa), riv., Holl. 12-613a. —(Ruiten Aa), riv., Holl. 13-588 (E2). —(WesterwoldeAa),riv.,Holl. 12-612d. —, riv., Russ. (Courland) 23-872 (B4); 7-326c. —, riv., Russ. (Livonia) 23-872 (B4); trib. of Dvina 16-816d.
—,riv., Switz. (trib. of Aar) 26-242 (E2); 1-3a.
—(Sarnen Aa),riv., Switz. 17-97d. —, riv., Switz. (Schwyz) 24-395b. —, riv., Switz (Unterwalden) 26-242 (E3). —, riv., Switz. (Zürich) 26-242 (F2). —(bird)13-86b. —(geol.)16-290a;10-84b;28-181d. Aaby, Den. 8-24 (B1). Aach, Griendel d’ 10-691c. Aach, Ger. 26-242 (I1). —, riv., Switz.26-242 (Gl). Aachen, Ger.: see Aix-la-Chapelle. Aadland, Nor. '10-804 (A2). Aadorf, Switz. 26-242 (F1). Aafjord, Nor. 19-800 (E1). AAGESEN, ANDREW 1-2a. —, Svend 8-39.c. Aah-hotp 15-364d. Aahmes: see Amasis. Aak 1-154b. Aakre Fjord, Nor. 19-804 (B3). Aal., Nor. 10-804 (C2). AAL (plant) 1-2b. AALBORG, Den. 1-2b; 8-24 (B1); fire 10-401d. —, bay, Den. 8-24 (C1). —, co., Den. 8-24 (B2); 6-368c; climate 8-24c. Aalbu, Nor. 19-804 (C1). AALEN, Ger., 1-2c; 11-808 (D4). Aalenien (geol.) 3-225d. AALESUND, Nor. 1-2c; 19-804 (B1). Aalfot Brae, Nor. 18-804 (A2). AALI, MEHEMET 1-2d. Aalsmeer, Holl. 13-588 (B2). Aalsö, Den. 8-24 (C2). Aalst: see Alost. Aalten, Holl. 13-588 (D3). anini: see Barotse. aamlt, Nor. 19-804 (C3). Aamno, isl., Nor. 19-800 (C2). Aamot, Nor. 19-804 (D2). Aan, lake, Scot.: see Avon, lake. —, mt., Scot. (Perth.) 24-412 (C2); 21-263a. –, mt., Scot. (Perth.): see Am Binncin. Aanrud, Hans 19-817d. Aanetad, Nor. 12-667c. Aapies, riv., S.Afr. 22-309a. Aar, riv., Ger. 11-808 (II.8). AAR (Aare), riv., Switz. 1-2d; 26-242 (E1); 26-242 (C2). AARAU, Switz. 1-3a; 26-242 (E2). Aarberg, Switz. 26-242 (C2). Aarburg, Switz. 26-242 (D2); 1-3d. Aardal, Nor. (Bergenhus) 19-804 (B2). —, Nor. (Stavanger) 19-804 (B3). Aardals Fjord, Nor. 10-804 (B2); 26-345c. Aardenburg, Holl. 13-588 (A3); 28-965c. AARD-VARK 1-3b; 8-928a; fossil forms 8-929b; Kavirondo legend 15-702a. AARD-WOLF 1-3e. Aare, canal, Switz., 26-242 (C2). —, riv., Switz.: see Aar. Aared, isl.: see Arad. Aarestrup, Carl Ludwig Emil 8-42d. AARGAU (Argovie), caton, Switz. 1-3a; 26-242 (E2); 26-258d foll.; cotton manufacture 7-299a; formation (1798) 1-3d, 3-795a; given to Rudolph of Alsace 12-787d. —, Ober, Switz.: see Ober Aargau. AARHUS, Den. 1-3d; 8-24 (C2); bishopric 8-29c; fires 10-401d. —, county, Den. 8-23b. Aarito: see Arite. Aarlen, Belg.: see Arlon. Aarö, Ger.8-24 (B3). AARON (bibl.) 1-4a; 1-5a; consecration 16-516a; priesthood 16-512b; rod 7-716c. —b. Asher 13-171d; 3-855c. —b. Joseph 13-172c. —(of Lincoln) 16-712a; 16-711b. —the younger 13-172c. —, P. P. 23-846b. —, Vasile 23-847b. Aaron (Mormon, priesthood) 18-847c; 18-843b. "Aaron Manby" (ship) 24-809a. Aaronsburg, Pa. 21-106 (G-H4). AARON'S ROD (dict.) 1-4c. Aarosund, Ger. 8-24 (B3). Aars, Den. 8-24 (B2). AARSSENS, FRANCIS VAN 1-4c; 13-598d; 13-599b. Aartsen, Pieter: see Aertszen. Aarvaag, Nor. 19-804 (C1). Aarwangen, Switz. 26-242 (D2). Aas, Nor. 19-804 (D2); 19-804c. AASEN, IVAR 1-4d; 19-816d; 24-298b. Anseral, Nor. 19-804 (B3). Aasle (battle) 17-702a. Aasleagh, Ire. 14-744 (B3). Aasnes, Nor. 19-804 (D2). Aasta, Nor. 19-804 (D2). —, riv., Nor. 19-804 (D2). Aastfjord, Nor. 19-804 (C1). Aastrup, riv., Den. 8-24 (B1). Aasvogel 5-230c. Aataentsic 7-215c. Aath, Belg.: see Ath. A.B. (abbrev.) 1-29a. AB (month) 1-5a; 6-315d. ABA (instrument) 1-5a. —(cloth) 4-775b. —(costume): see Choga. ABABDA, tribe 1-5b; 26-11a; 19-99d. Ababito, tribe 23-262a. Ababwa, tribe 6-924d. Abaca: see Manila hemp. Abacaenum, Sic. 25-24d. —, dist., Sic. 27-509b. Abacaxis, riv., Braz. 4-440 (D3). Abaciseus 1-5d. Abaco, isl., W.I. 3-208a. —, Great, isl., W.I. 28-544 (B-C1); 3-207d. —, Little, isl., W.I.28-544 (B1); 3-207d. ABACUS (arch.) 1-5c; 2-403b; 11-210c. —(calculating instrument) 1-5d; 19-867c; 1-189c. —(logic) 1-6a. Abadan: see Abbadan. Abadar, Sud. 9-129b. Abadavine: see Siskin. ABADDON 1-6b. ABADEH, Pers. 1-6b; 21-188 (B2); climate 21-191b. Abadeh-Iklid, dist., Pers. 1-6b. Abadengo (church lands) 25-546d. Abade, Paul 2-41d; 2-434b. Abadsikh, tribe 15-935c. Abae, Asia M. 16-407b. ABAE (Abai), Gr. 1-6b; 12-440 (D2); 16-407b. Abaelardus: see Abelard. Abafy, Michael: see Michael Apafy. Abagha 21-226c. Abahuni prinecs: see Mervanid dynasty. Abai, Bor. 4-257 (C1). —, Gr.: see Abae. —, lake, Aby 1-83 (map); 19-693 (D6); 25-869b; 1-85a. —, riv., Aby.: see Blus Nile. Abailardus: see Abelard. Abaiz, Sp. 25-530 (E1). Abaka (Mongot emperor) 11-924c; 24-611b.
Abakan Stcppo, Sib. 28-914d :
!!, Ala. 1-460 (Bl).
 (tfeAvallon.
NE l-Oo.
le, pt., Cal. 5-8 (A-l
>o, tribe 19-257rl.
lamoek, lake. Mo.
434 (D3).
riv.. Pal, 1
ABANA,
Abanades,
(Cl).
AbanH.UKwa, tribe 23-262a.
Abancav, Pom 21-204 (C4) :
-336(1.
ABANCOURT, C. X. J. d' 1-6(1
Abanda, Cainer. 5-1 10 (A3).
ABANDONMENT l-6d; 14-
 8d.
ABANO, PIETRO d' l-7a; 21-
Abarfm, mfs., Pol. 20-602 (Do
AB ARIS ( Scy th i an pr ieat) 1 - 7 1
Abarshehr. Pors. : see Nioh^
Abary Creek, rly., BritGu
12-675 (C2); 12-6770.
Abaea, Go^st. 12-203 (T54).
AbaSamnel 11 -838c; 13-274.
seeAba.eci.
gwe, tribe 23-262a.
, Jap. 15-156 (04)
.-lasolo, Mox. 18-318 (F2).
ABATEMENT 1-7.
Abathur (Mandae
ABATIS l-7d; 10-7
-4 (G2).
ABAUZIT, FIHMIN 1-Ra.
Aba.vile (bot.) ll-250d.
ABAYE (Babylonian amoral
-Sb; 22-76SC.
Abarlth.riT., Syr. 26-305 (D4).
A baza Baslia (battlo) 15- 89 3c.
Aba Zanzi (people) 28-10S0d.
Aba Zelira (hermit) 10-137b.
Abba, isl., Sud. 26-9 (C'3) ;
-093 <C5>; 19-605b.
Abba (Poreian costume) 21-
b.
Abb ad El Motaddid :
Motaddid.
Abbadia, Fr. 19-957a.
— , It. 26-242 (OS).
— doa Dourados, Braz. A
(G5); 18-503b.
ABBADIDES (dynasty) 1-
ABBADIE, A. M. d' l-9a.
— ,A.T.d f l-aai l-5a,
— , JAKOB l-9b.
ABBAHU (Palesttolac ai
l-9c.
Abba Jared, i
built 2-7 33o ; defeat by
Mehemat fcban 4-1
improyeme?)ts at Isf;
14-868b, 14-869d, 15-6
Kamuli's poem 21-2
Meshed anrino 18-1
potior 5-727b; presi
tion to Taar Boris 26-8!
-II. (Hhah of Persia)
232b ; palace, Isfahan
—(emir of Kano) 15-654b. ABBASIDS l-10b ; — MIRZA l-10d ; tomb 17«b; Russian war (1! 2i-238d; Turkish war 239c. — populi 1-2 5b. ABBAS-TUMAN,Russ.l-l Abbedun, .Berks. : . AbbiHies, Holl. 12-7: ABBEVILLE, Fr. i. 17-54 (B4) : 17-560. iss. 18-600 (CI). (I. 25-500 (E2t. S.C. 25-5 ABBET.E.A.l-I tent. 16-94:
    . 1E-4 (B2).
ABB ON OF FLEURY 1 — , GEORGE ( — , GEORGE (a -, ROBERT 1-i -, Samuel 5-06i -, WILLIAM 1. I8d; 25- (1 (map) — , Edward 1-20 — , EDWIN A. 1 — , EMMA i-26t —', JACOB 1-261 iOa. -117: — , Hon. J. C. C, 5-lG3a. — , JOHN STEVENS CABOT l-26e. — , Josiah O — LYMAN — , Fl ' " , i. 14-732 -, Miss. 19-6 ABBOTTABAD, J 1-2 ABBREVIATION 1-2 seriptions il-031b j script; 17-BSSa. ABBRE VIATORS l-3i ABDALLAT1F ( ilib 17 -109a ; 17' ABD-AR-RAHMAN I.- rvish) 8-7.
    ) 13 -400a.
Abden Aled : e Ephtl ibtes ABDERA, Sp. l-33a; 2 (B3) ; for modern sec Adra. ABDERA, Thrace l-33a; 19-aSOc; In Second I League 7-9G0d ; Phili 21-37 7a. ABBOTS FO RD, csidence. Ahderrahman: sec Abd-ur d; -: (F4); Rahman. -4731). a Abd-ea-Selam, Sidi 2G-1034d. Abd-Hiha5-141d. l.)16-829b. Abdh-isho bar Bcrikha 19 Abbofc.h all "u : r. b. ABDICATION l-33a. Abbotsinch '- Abdiek and Bulstone, diet. . 9-430 Som.25-390b. (VI. E2| Abbots _ La H (A4 and 112)! - Abd-milkatji (king of Sidoii Alibotsville c. -45 2a. Abbott, Ai ti'n -26c ABDOMEN 1-330,; l-941a; ab -(Dolafid king) 21-2 ABD-UL-AZIZ (Turkish i ist., Mor. 18-831 (C2) ; Abd ul Hakk la-ssflh. Id; 18-8J2d. Abd ul Halim 18- S 6 Ob. at Tabih 1B-G44d. — ul Halim Sharar: ae bdal- see Abdul. iz, Tilts. Sp. 25-530 ABD-UL-HAMID I. l-i!5d; 27 (C4) -460a. d ; naval policy 27-429a d;24-8; -S1M; t.ratlojs-l)4! AbdHr Rahman (Afchar ii II. (of Mo- Abeehucn, Sp. 28-149 oc'kett^ Arthur Vi d b. Kahtaba 5- -b. Ibad 17-41GC the khalifa) 15- Abdulmalik (c n Mandaean ABElT"" SIR* "FREDERICK Augustus 1.39a ; 21-saSo. — , Karlvon3-54,9d: 20-372b. — , KARL FRIEDRICH i-39c, — , NIELS HENRIK l-39c ; -7H)s; ll-323i); 24-670b. — ,0.5-774a; 5-775a. — , Bobert 7-4421. ; 7-446c. — , THOMAS l-40a. Abel, Ala. 1-460 (D2). -, Pal.7-791b. -, isl., Arot. 21-938 (B2). ABELARD, PETER l-40a; 24- a; -" ' "" Bcrnar d; d; arnica a-szic; hi logical standpoint 6-341c AbeF- beth - maacah, Pal. White Poplar. ,. ...j 8-499c; 8-T'Jlo Abelcus (pseud.): sec Abeli . . i , ... Abel heat test 7-139c. Abelia21-7K0c; 13-I73Q. Abelian field 19-85Gd. 2-fi2!a. ll;324a. ITtid!' I ABELIN, JOHANN PHILIPP g, Theodor 19-6390. Abelitao, tribe l-39a. Aboil, Thomas: see Abel, Abe Hi AbelU , Abel-moholJ i, It. : ., Pal. TfSlliW

## uleutU8 ; see

— moschatus: see Musk oto a. Ahel-Peiisky teatet 21-322d. Abel's fuse 7-110a. Abel-Shittim (Bible geog.) 15- d. Aheluhgu 15-6 2 8a. ABENCEHRAGES l-42a ; 12- a. lohirafd (Japanese s "ElMakhluwi" -S60a. b. m (Hindoeti ​ABEOKUTA, Nig. 1-424; 19-678 (A4); 7-736a; railways 16-74a. ABERCARN, 1
ABERDEENSHIF
ABERDOUR, :
ABERDOVEY,
ABERFOYLE,
ABIMELECH (
ABIMELECH (
ABHIDHAMMA
ABERCORN, JAMES HAMIL
d, 2nd duke of l-ilio; 23
JAMES HAMILTON, 1b
ABHOR HERS 1
ABOMEY. r Dut
IOM1 NATION (t
ABERCROMBIE, JOHN
ABERCROMBY, DAVID
— , PATRICK i-43<3.
ABIATHAH l-62o.
ABICH, O. W. H.
BERIGH - MACKA
A BERDAHE, HENRY A U ! ABERDARE, Wales 1-
ABERDEEN, GEORGE GOR-
— , GEORGE HAMILTON
ABJURATION, 1
ABERDEEN,
ABERSYCHAN, 1
    , Can. 5-JGO (K3); S-
, Kan. 15-854 <E2).
graphy 21.489a, 21- ​ Abraham (b. David; of Posquières) 13-174a. — (of Beja) 7-345a. — (b. Elijah) 13-176a. — (b. Hasdai) 13-174b.
— (Nestorian)26-865c. — (bp. of Nisiliis) S - Abraham, Utah 27-814 (B3).
1 < 1 ' 1 ': ., Abraham, awl I.Wat 9-fili.d. stbrakaai. Apocalypse oj 2- Zd. ibraliam. Era of 4-1003d. ABRAHAMITES l-72b. ABRAHAM -MEN 1-721). -36a. Abraham, Plains of, Can. : baftlc (1753] 22-727c, 22- Abraham's Bosom: see Lin* V 1G-1371). AD rah a -T Abr<:. . F. 8-39d ; i, Testament of Z~Vt a; Kada, rat.. Arab. 2- 12) ; 2-258b. 5-701C sec Abraham (uibL). raruu) 3-104a ; 1-Tlc. Lance. 16-133 <C2) ; of. Pal. 3-865 b. ABRAXAS l-72c; 3-479a; 11- 568b. ^6S"rfV™^iiri9ue t '(Honau]t) 13-2li5c x Ah™! AntoSo" d' a 3-310d 4-2Gla; 17-302d; 17-469! — , Santiago 19-525e. — do Gulindo, Juan 12-79i Go. Cflt. t. 24-412 - 'J Abridge, Ess. 16-942 (E2). Abriis,Fr.lO-778(II5). — , pass, Fr. l-742a. _(I6). Abron(Abrowi Weather -plant. Abruzzen, mts., Ger. Abruzzi, LulRi, dul -257b; 24-256d. — , tions 11 -38a, 15-6 19 b, 18-938d, 21-9520. ABRUZZI E MOD prov.. It. l-72d ; 15-4 ( E4); 25-SSd; industries migration "-<"•->- B 15-1 lb; i 15- zo Ultorioi see Aqnila ■ L. 20-508c iit)e2-88d; [Lkhwah h ABSALOM 1-73 7-858a ; tomb Absalom and Ac! <len)8-0Ut>; • ABSALON(ai-elit statue 7-97b. hsaraka, N.D <G3). bsaroka, forest, d; 28-912a. ik. 19-780d r).28-912a. t. 14-276 (E3). ABSCESS 1-7 cerebral 8-794d; dental I AbscMe'd von Inn (talk -song) 25-404o. . bay, N.J. 19-502 (C-D5). .inlet, N.J. 19-502)."i). .lighthouse N.J. 2-855a. -H55&. ABSENCE (diet.) ■
    Eisr -
ABSENTEEISM 1- — eta. dee. The (Edge worth) Absher, 111. 14-301 (D6). Absii a, Rhod. 25-1 i (Ml). ABSINTHE l-75a; 9-109b ; toxic action ll-SB9a. Absiiitliians, tribe 18-179d. Abaolon, K. 2-2341). ABSOLUTE (logic) l-75b. — (math.)ll-734d. — (philos.) l-75d; 6-S51b: Adamson l-182d ; Boehm< 10-25c ; Bradley 18-246c : Cousin 7-334a ; Des.virles 8- 85c; ego and non-ego 9-19d; I... _■ i. i d, : . 14-2; , 16-916e: c, 14-281d -247d; Schel ling 24-3 18-231c; theosophy djf guished 26-7S3b. - refract ire power 8-C9d. -term (algebra) 9- 7 09e. Absolute TJnlaii ABSOLUTISM (o Absorption (of f< ABSORPTION OF LIGHT 1- 76c, 16-615d; by fluorcs- eentbodies,10-5!7a; photo ABSTINENCE (diet.) 1-7 7e. — (economics) 5-27Ha; ■ 951o ; 24-B45c. ABSTRACTION (diet.) l-77e. — (philos.) l-77d; Doscarl, 5-4I4b;emi>IrieiST.iie-90S, Uauiaun 12-869c ; Heg 13-201a ; Spinoza 5-422b. Abstract numbers 2-521b. ABSTRACT OF TITLE 1-7 8i - 49c. Absna, people: see A ABT, FRANZ i-78a. riv., Arab. 2-26; itlon, India 14-376 Se ; temples l-78a, 14- (l'l. II., fig. 12). ... ii Aadel, Sud. 9-130b. Abu Abdullah (Bougie Sultan! i, al. Mali led -248d. ralrman ul ujiaui
    see Ehalil b. J

## ied, Slid.

    sec A
iied Howaftak: - AMI Labid b. : -Ali al- Hasan it sue Alliawii. - Ali al-llasen ibr Abu Kuwas. -Ali Hasan: sei Abu- ]. al-Ala 18-64-ia. 12-232a. ^:seeIbnTufail. -40b. ■xeee-l Abu Baihas nl Haithai Abubakar 15-47 6b. Abu Bakr (Mansur, Sai -92b; 9-101b. — Kakr (Almoravide al-din; chief) nir) 18- 85 6b ; 18- -Bakr Mahon l-917d. iih.immad b. Yahya : l-78b;2-265d, 2- the faithful l-85Sb: com- panion of Mahomet 17-402 l>; imamship 24-857dt legend- Abubekr (Add) 13-'l6d. — (Kashgar) 15-685e. Ahu Bekr Al Eaji : sec Ithazcs. — Bekr ul Bakilani 17-422b. Abn-Berdi9-73Sa. — Daud (nTitor) 17-421. Abu Dhabi, Arab. 2-204 Abu Dhu'uib 18-641d. Abu Dibis, Turk. As. (E3) <jas[ — Bolaf(fan Hid; Abu i -Aswad, Sud. 9-125o; it., Syr. 2 i sheikh) 9. -- HabI, rlT., Sud. 1 -9071). Abubata? 2S-32c. Abu Haaeag. Egy. : ABU HANIFA AN-NU'MAN (Berber chief) 27- !Z, Sud. IS -620a. d. ab scholar) s I. (of Mo- lessiah) 18- ,k Ibra — Ishak Mo'tasim. — Iihau Ibrahim 24-111 a. — Ishrnail al-Basra Abnja, Nig. 19 -( -2501). — Ja'faral-Hazinl AIiu Ja'far Alun Abu Hoealn Mahommed : see ~ iJnbair. osain ul Khayyat 17- — Xaslm Mahmi mud of Ghazni Mahtm lakheh: - Ja'far l-.lar: Maliommed : — Kasim Mansur : see dousl. Abulkhair (15th cent.) b. t.) 15-828d. — Kamil (theologian) 17-423c Almldp, Efrj-. : see Ahoukir. ABU KLEA, Sud. l-79a; 26-9 (C2); battle (1884) 9-124bj Jap. 15-156 (MS) ; Abd al Abu '1 : t Zab l-10c ; - i5-40b. met) 21-2 18d. -193d ;" 13-1 -45d; 15-903b. ran Abd al-Majid : — Narsi Parsar 3-262b. LBU-L-QASr- ' ""■
AbuL Oasim Umar : see Ibn Farid. — Rakamak 9-105C. — Sarava 5-48b. Abulug, liT„ P.ls, 21-392 (01). Abu '. 12-8 wafa (of namadan Arab lbn Minsha 17- h ar-Eundi 17- e Abu-'l-Qauk Walld Abdullah: — Walid Muhammi Abulwefa 2-810d ; -8 y 27-271d. "ie27-47«a. (poet) l-7£ & ■■ see Nadim.
    o['Multan):
irabio writer) 24- b. . _70d. Saif-uddin la- Shahras- iil2-870d. Ahuhver— .. Abu-Maaschar : see Aion- — Mahoinmcd Abdulmalik : seelbnHlshani. — Mahommed as-Sonani 5- — Mansur (Persian gover- nor) 10-S97C. — Mansur Abdul Malik: see Tha' alibi. — Mansur Muwaffai: see Mu- waffak. — Mansur ul Ijli 17-423d. - Maria Abu men ■ish)9-127e. (Phy e Albui ,lan) : Ahmad 9-95c. l-7Hd; 14-40al m 4-797. rza 3-9 5 a. -S0a; 9-101b; med: jKHUdfl see Ibn A Mah ilasan Slrahid 21-3183. 19d ; 17-040'a ; nitmnxm [fassan AU al Ke^a : i '1-ilin, nit, Si'r. 16-S47b. n eddin Nasir : (governor) 5-27 Abu Musa, isl., Pera. 21-1
    Makhn
v., Bol. — "(title) i-95d. Abu Naal Muull el-Muhan -127b. Abuna Josef, rot., Aby. 1-83 (ii>ap) ; 1-S4b. Abu is'asr (genera.l) 5-41c. — Nasr MahO(m — NasrSi i 17-4l"6< jr Saad 12-336a. ABUNDANTIA (r - XUWAS l-80o ; ! Iapahanl 2-27 5a. b. I Hosa: Muizzaddaula. — Qais 2-266a. Abu Qobais : eee Abu Kobaia, Abu Quits 18-185d.