OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Lillian Norton Gower

​GOWER, Mrs. Lillian Norton, opera singer, widely known by her stage-name, "Lillian Nordica," born in Farmington, Maine, in 18 — . When she was five years old, her parents removed to Boston, Mass., where she studied in the New England Conservatory of Music. After graduating she made an extensive concert tour of the United States, singing with the Handel and Haydn Society and with Theodore Thomas's Orchestra. She visited Europe with Gilmore's Band, and there won distinction as a singer. She decided to remain in Europe and to prepare for an operatic career. She studied in Milan with San Giovanni. In six weeks she learned ten operas completely. She sang in opera in Brescia, Aquila and Genoa. In St. Petersburg, Russia, she won her first great triumph as Filina in " Mignon " In 1881 she went to Paris. She made her debut in that city as Marguerite in ​Gounod's "Faust," where she scored one of the most brilliant triumphs on record. Mrs. Gower is not only a great singer, but a great actor as well. She sang in Her Majesty's Theater, in London, LILLIAN NORTON GOWER. England, for three years. She returned to the United States with the reputation of one of the great queens of the lyric stage. She has a repertory of forty grand operas at her command. She became the wife, in London, of Mr. Gower, a man of wealth. Her husband disappeared in a tragic manner. He made a balloon ascension from Fans, and balloon and men were never heard from afterward. Mrs. Norton's latest triumphs have been won in Covent Garden, London.
# Woman of the Century/Lide A. Churchill

​CHURCHILL, Miss Lide A., born in Harrison, Maine, 9th April, 1859. She is the youngest child of Josiah and Catherine Churchill. From her father she inherited her literary tastes and refined nature, from her mother her strong will and decided traits of character. Three years after her birth Mr. Churchill removed to New Gloucester, Maine, where he resided with his family until his death. When quite young, Miss Churchill decided to learn telegraphy, and went to Saundersville, Mass., where she partially mastered the art. She took charge of a small office in Northbridge, Mass., and without assistance perfected herself in the science. From that office she was promoted to ​larger and larger ones, until she had charge of the most important station belonging to the road that employed her. She next mastered stenography without a teacher and practiced it for a time. In LIDE A. CHURCHILL. 1889 Rev. Charles A. Dickinson, who is at the head of Berkeley Temple, Boston, desired a private secretary for stenographic and literary work, and offered the position to Miss Churchill, who accepted it. Its duties demand knowledge, skill, tact and literary ability. Miss Churchill has written and published continuously during all the years she has been engaged as telegrapher and literary secretary. Her first book, "My Girls" (Boston, 18821 has passed through several editions. She has also written " Interweaving" and "Raid on New England." She has clone much good magazine work.
# Woman of the Century/Lillian Adele Tourtillotte

​TOURTILLOTTE, Miss Lillian Adele, author, born in Maxfield, Penobscot county. Me., LILLIAN ADELE TOURTILLOTTE. 28th April, 1870. She is the youngest of three daughters of Franklin and Mary Bryant Tourtillotte. The Tourtillottes are of French descent, and the family is first mentioned in this country in 1682, when Gabriel Tourtillotte came from Bordeaux and settled in Rhode Island Miss Tourtillotte's maternal ancestors were English. Her mother is a relative of the family to which William Cullen Bryant belonged. The daughter's schooling was obtained at home and in Foxcroft, Me Her talent for poetical composition showed itself very early, in the singing of improvised songs to her dolls and the production of poems before she could write. Her first published attempt in verse appeared in 1885, since when she has written both poetry and prose. In 1887 she taught school, but recently, having learned the art preservative of all arts, she has been doing editorial and other work in a printing-office. Her home is now in Boston, Mass.
# Woman of the Century/Lillian Bailey Henschel

​HENSCHEL, Mrs. Lillian Bailey, vocalist, born in Columbus, Ohio, 17th January, 1860. Her musical talent manifested itself very early in life, as, when she was fifteen months old, she plainly showed her choice of different tunes, crying and refusing to sleep if her mother sang one song, and at once remaining quiet when she heard another air. At the age of eighteen months the little one could sing the different tunes she had been accustomed to hear. From that point her whole life has been devoted to the study of music. She began to take piano lessons at the age of seven. Her mother, who was also a singer and had received vocal instruction in Boston, Mass., from the best teachers of her time, directed the daughter's vocal studies. At the age of fifteen the family removed to Boston, and she continued her studies with her uncle, Charles Hayden, a well-known vocal teacher. Later she became a pupil of Madame Rudersdorf, with whom she studied two years. In 1876 Lillian Bailey made her first public appearance in one of B. J. Lang's concerts, given in Boston, meeting with success. After her debut she continued to be a favorite singer in Boston, and her services were in constant demand during the concert season, until, in 1877, she went to Paris to study with Madame Viardot, with whom she remained for some time. In the spring of 1878 she went to London, where she made her first appearance in England with the London Philharmonic ​Society. In that concert she sang for the first time one of those duets with Mr. Henschel, which have since become so famous. She returned to America in the autumn of 1880 and became the wife of LILLIAN BAILEY HENSCHEL. George Henschel, the musician, in the spring of 1881. They remained in Boston three years, Mr. Henschel having charge of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. They removed to London in 1884, which is now their permanent home. There Mr. Henschel holds the position of a leading musician. Mrs. Henschel's fame as a singer is world-wide, as she has been heard in all the principal cities of Europe. At the time of the Ohio Centennial, held in Columbus, she was represented as being one of the celebrated women of that State. Mr. and Mrs. Henschel receive their friends with great hospitality in their beautiful home. Many a homesick American, having located in London to study music with Mr. Henschel, has found in these successful musicians true friends and helpers, who were ready and willing to dissipate the feeling of unrest and to assist in showing the way onward to success.
# Woman of the Century/Lillian Blanche Fearing

​FEARING, Miss Lillian Blanche, lawyer and poet, born in Davenport, Iowa, 27th November, 1863. She was educated partly in the Iowa College in Vinton, Iowa, and was graduated in 1884. In 1888 sh~ removed to Chicago, Ill., and entered as a student in the Union College of Law. She was graduated in the spring of 1890, the only woman in her class, and one of four students whose records were so nearly equal that the faculty of the college could not decide to whom the scholarship prize should be awarded. The difficulty was solved by the division of the prize between the four. Miss Fearing is thus far the only woman who has received a scholarship prize from that college. She is now practicing law in Chicago and achieving success in that arduous field of labor. She is the author of two volums of verse, entitled "The Sleeping World, and other Poems" (Chicago, 1887), and "In the City by the Lake" (Chicago, 1893). Her literary work shows merit of high order. Miss Fearing's success in life is nothing short of remarkable, when it is remembered that she is blind.
# Woman of the Century/Lillian Hollister

​HOLLISTER, Mrs. Lillian, temperance and church worker, born in Oakland county, Mich., 8th September, 1853. Her father, Phineas Bates, was a well-to-do farmer, a native of New York. He was a deacon in the Baptist Church and an earnest anti-slavery man. Lillian was one of a family of six children. She was well educated, and at the age of fifteen was a normal and high school graduate. She at once began to teach. In 1872 she became the wife of Daniel W. Hollister. They lived on a farm until 1881. Mrs. Hollister was active in Sunday-school work and served as superintendent. In 1881 she moved to Detroit. Mich., her present home. There she continued her musical and literary studies. She associated herself with the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Woman's ​Christian Temperance Union. In church work she took a leading part, acting as president of the Ladies' Aid Society of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal Church and as conference secretary of LILLIAN HOLLISTER. the Woman's Home Missionary Society. She is a member of the Sunday-school normal class of the Chautauqua Circle, the Deaconess Board and various philanthropic and charity societies. In the Woman's Christian Temperance Union she was for two years secretary, then vice-president and then president, in which office, for six successive years, she has received the compliment of a unanimous re-election each year. 'Recognizing the commanding influence of woman in advancing the interests of the church and of all humanitarian institutions, she has been slow to favor woman in politics, but has of late become a convert to the principle of the woman suffrage movement. In addition to her extensive local work in Detroit, she holds the office of State superintendent of the Young Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Her trained executive talents are manifested throughout the State in organizing new unions and in the prosperity they show under her care. As a parliamentarian, there are but few presiding officers who excel her in maintaining harmony and expediting the business of meetings. With her, life is too short to be spent in sheer idleness, and she is therefore as much the student to-day as when a school-girl. She has one son, about seventeen years old.
# Williams v. Morgan

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
111 U.S. 684
Williams v. Morgan
J. Hubley Ashton and James Thomson, for appellants.
John A. Campbell, John E. Parsons, and Geo. De Forest Lord, for appellees.
BRADLEY, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Williams v. New York/Dissent Murphy

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Murphy
United States Supreme Court
337 U.S. 241
Williams v. New York
Argued: April 21, 1949. --- Decided: June 6, 1949
Mr. Justice MURPHY, dissenting.
A combination of factors in this case impels me to dissent.
Petitioner was convicted of murder by a jury, and sentenced to death by the judge. The jury which heard the trial unanimously recommended life imprisonment as a suitable punishment for the defendant. They had observed him throughout the trial, had heard all the evidence adduced against him, and in spite of the shocking character of the crime of which they found him guilty, were unwilling to decree that his life should be taken. In our criminal courts the jury sits as the representative of the community; its voice is that of the society against which the crime was committed. A judge even though vested with statutory authority to do so, should hesitate indeed to increase the severity of such a community expression.
He should be willing to increase it, moreover, only with the most scrupulous regard for the rights of the defendant. The record before us indicates that the judge exercised his discretion to deprive a man of his life, in reliance on material made available to him in a probation report, consisting almost entirely of evidence that would have been inadmissible at the trial. Some, such as allegations of prior crimes, was irrelevant. Much was incompetent as hearsay. All was damaging, and none was subject to scrutiny by the defendant.
Due process of law includes at least the idea that a person accused of crime shall be accorded a fair hearing through all the stages of the proceedings against him. I agree with the Court as to the value and humaneness of liberal use of probation reports as developed by modern penologists, but, in a capital case, against the unanimous recommendation of a jury, where the report would concededly not have been admissible at the trial, and was not subject to examination by the defendant, I am forced to conclude that the high commands of due process were not obeyed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Williams v. North Carolina

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Williams v. North Carolina."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Williams v. North Carolina (317 U.S. 287)
* Williams v. North Carolina (325 U.S. 226)
* Williams v. North Carolina (378 U.S. 548)
# Williams v. New York

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Murphy
United States Supreme Court
337 U.S. 241
Williams v. New York
Argued: April 21, 1949. --- Decided: June 6, 1949
See 337 U.S. 961, 69 S.Ct. 1529.
Appeal from the Court of Appeals of the State of New York.
Mr. John F. Finerty, New York City, for appellant.
Mr. Solomon Klein, Brooklyn, N.Y., for appellee.
Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Williams v. Norris

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
25 U.S. 117
Williams v. Norris
Jan. 11th.
THIS cause was argued by Mr. White and Mr. Eaton, for the plaintiff, and by Mr. Benton and Mr. Polk, for the defendant. Jan. 19th.
Mr. Chief Justice MARSHALL delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

* ↑ Miller v. Nicholls, 4 Wheat. Rep. 311.
* ↑ Martin v. Hunter, 1 Wheat. Rep. 304. Inglee v. Coolidge, 2 Wheat. Rep. 363. Lanusse v. Barker, 3 Wheat. Rep. 147. highest Court for the State of Tennessee; consequently this Court can exercise no other jurisdiction in the case than is given by the 25th section of the Judiciary Act.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Woman of the Century/Itti Kinney Reno

​RENO, Mrs. Itti Kinney, novelist and social leader, born in Nashville, Tenn., 17th May, 1862. She is the daughter of Col. George S. Kinney, of Nashville. She was a high-strung, imaginative child, remarkably bright and precocious, and while still very young she was sent to a convent in Kentucky, where she remained until her education was completed. She was graduated with first honors, and her valedictory was delivered by the embryo author in the form of an original poem. Her debut in the great world was marked by the brilliance that wealth and social influence confer, and soon she became one of the belles of Tennessee's capital. She became the wife, in May, 1885, of Robert Ross Réno, only child of the late M. A. Réno, Major of the Seventh United States Cavalry, famous for the gallant defense of his men during two days and nights of horror, from the overwhelming force of Sioux, who the day before had massacred Custer's entire battalion. Through his mother Mr. Reno is related to some of the oldest families in Pennsylvania, and, though possessed of private wealth, he has expectations of a brilliant fortune, being one of the heirs of old Philippe Francois Renault (anglicized Reno), who came over with Lafayette, and who left an estate valued now at $200,000,000. For several years after her marriage Mrs. Reno led the life of a young woman of fashion and elegance. In ​the summer of 1889 she began to write a romance, entirely for self-amusement, with never a thought of publication. She kept her work a secret till its completion, and then she laughingly gave it to her ITTI KINNEY RENO. mother for criticism. Her parents insisted on publication, but Mrs. Réno declined. Finally her ather won her consent to submit her manuscnpt to his friend, Hon. Henry Watterson, and to abide by his decision. Mr. Watterson read and pronounced it "a genuine southern love story, full of the fragrance of southern flowers and instinct with the rich, warm blood of southern youth." He gave the young author some letters to eastern publishers, and her first novel, "Miss Breckenridge, a Daughter of Dixie" (Philadelphia, 1890), was published. It proved successful, and within a few months it had passed through five editions. Her second book, "An Exceptional Case" (Philadelphia, 1891), is one of great force and power, and it has also proved a success. Mrs. Reno lives in luxurious surroundings in a sumptuous home on Capitol Hill. She will henceforth devote her life to literature.
# Woman of the Century/J. Ellen Horton Foster

​FOSTER, Mrs. J. Ellen Horton, temperance worker and lawyer, born in Lowell, Mass., J. ELLEN FOSTER. 3rd November, 1840. She is a daughter of Rev. Jotham Horton, a Methodist preacher. She was educated in Lima, N. Y., and removed to Clinton, La., where, in 1869, she became the wife of E. C. Foster, a lawyer. Mrs. Foster studied law and was. admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of Iowa in 1872. She was the first woman to practice before that court. At first she practiced alone, but she afterwards formed a partnership with her husband. She followed the legal profession for a number of years. She is widely known as " The Iowa Lawyer." In religion she is a Methodist She joined the temperance workers when the crusade opened, and soon became prominent as a worker. Her home in Clinton was burned, presumably by the enemies of temperance. As a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union she was able to give most valuable service as superintendent of the legislative department. Her knowledge of law enabled her to direct wisely all the movement for the adoption of constitutional amendments in the various States, aimed to secure the prohibition of the sale and manufacture of alcoholic liquors. She has written a pamphlet on the legal bearings of the question. She has been exceedingly popular and successful as a lecturer. She is a pronounced suffragist, and she maintains that no organization has the right to pledge the influence of its members to any other organization for any purpose. Her views naturally led her to affiliate with the Non-Partisan League, and she ​served that body for several years as corresponding secretary, having her office in Boston, Mass. She served her own State union as corresponding secretary and president for years. In 1887 she visited Europe, where she rested and studied the temperance question. In England she addressed great audiences. Returning to the United States, she took part in the International Council of Women in Washington. She has published a number of pamphlets and magazine articles on temperance. Her two daughters died in youth. Two sons make up her family. A part of each year she spends in Washington, D. C.
# Woman of the Century/Jane Delaplaine Wilson

​WILSON, Mrs. Jane Delaplaine, author, born in Hamilton, Ohio., in 1830. She was educated in the academy for young women in her native town. At an early age she became the wife of E. V. Wilson, then a lawyer. They removed to northeastern Missouri, where they settled in Edina. Her husband is now judge Wilson. JANE DELAPLAINE WILSON. As a child she was inclined to literature, and during youth she wrote much, which was never allowed to see the light. In 1880 she began to publish short stories and poems under the pen-name "Mrs. Lawrence" After using that name for a short time, she laid it aside and signed her work with her husband's initials Both her poems and stories have been widely copied. She has contributed to a number of periodicals.
# Woman of the Century/Isabella M. Pettet

​PETTET, Mrs. Isabella M., physician, born in Holstein, Germany, 6th June. 1848. She came to the United States in 186S, locating in Milwaukee, ​Wis., where she became engaged in voluntary mission work connected with the Methodist Church. ISABELLA M. PETTET. She went to New York City in 1874, afterwards New York Port Society, where she remained for three years. She commenced the study of medicine in 1878 and was graduated with honors in 1881 in the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women. She has an office in her residence in East Fifteenth street, a private dispensary in East Twenty-third street and an office in Newark, N. J., visiting the latter place two days in the week. She is a member of the New York County Medical Society, and is on the medical staff of the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women.
# Woman of the Century/Jane Amy McKinney

​McKINNEY, Mrs. Jane Amy, educator and philanthropist, born in Vermont, 25th October, 1832. She still retains her family name, Amy. From both father and mother she inherits marked characteristics. They were devoutly religious and possessed a robust humanitarianism, which bore fruit while they lived and left its impress on their daughters. The mother's family was devoted to literature and scientific investigation. One of her brothers was the first man to construct a galvanic battery to control electricity, before Morse took up the invention. For years the effort of his inventive genius was unknown, but recently it has been chronicled in electrical literature. Mrs. McKinney's family moved to northern Ohio in 1835, and settled in Mentor. Jane was educated in the Western Reserve Seminary and in Oberlin. She was married in 1856 and went with her husband to Winneshiek county, Iowa, where her home was until 1888, when she removed to Chicago, Ill., where she now resides. Since the age of fifteen she has been engaged in educational and philanthropic work almost continuously. In Iowa she was actively engaged in temperance work and in the advocacy of woman suffrage. She has served a term of four years by election of the legislature as trustee of the hospital for the insane in Independence, Iowa. Since girlhood she h;is keenly felt the injustice of woman’s disfranchisement. She believes the home and the State are losers because of it, and the onward march of civilization is impeded thereby. Her devotion to the cause of woman's advancement, physical, mental and political, has been vigorous and continuous and is the passion of her life She is president of the Cook County Equal Suffrage Association. Recently she has taken up kindergarten work, and has for two years served as supervisor of the Chicago Kindergarten Training School. She is a woman of distinct individuality.