OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Christopher

​HARVEY, CHRISTOPHER (1597–1663), poet, son of the Rev. Christopher Harvey of Bunbury in Cheshire, was born in 1597. He was a batler of Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1613, and graduated B.A. ​19 May 1617, licensed M.A. 1 Feb. 1619–20. In 1630 he was rector of Whitney in Herefordshire; at Michaelmas 1632 he became head-master of Kington grammar school, but he seems to have returned to Whitney on or before the following 25 March, when a new head-master was appointed. Between 1630 and 1639 five of his children were baptised at Whitney. On 14 Nov. 1639 he was instituted to the vicarage of Clifton on Dunsmore, Warwickshire. He owed this preferment to his patron Sir Robert Whitney, as we learn from a dedicatory epistle to Whitney in his edition of Thomas Pierson's ‘Excellent Encouragements against Afflictions,’ 1647. Harvey was buried at Clifton on 4 April 1663.
Harvey was the author of ‘The Synagogue,’ a series of devotional poems appended anonymously to the 1640 edition of George Herbert's ‘Temple,’ and reprinted with most of the later editions of the ‘Temple.’ He was a man of sincere piety but little originality; and the ‘Synagogue’ is merely a thin imitation of Herbert. In 1647 he issued anonymously ‘Schola Cordis, or the Heart of it Selfe gone away from God; brought back againe to him; and instructed by him. In 47 Emblems,’ 12mo; 2nd edition 1664; 3rd edition 1675. The volume has on the title-page ‘By the Author of the Synagogue.’ The emblems were adapted from Von Haeften's ‘Schola Cordis,’ and have been republished, with the ‘Synagogue,’ in Dr. Grosart's ‘Fuller Worthies Library.’ Harvey also published ‘Ἀφηνιαστής. The Right Rebel. A Treatise discovering the true Use of the Name by the Nature of Rebellion,’ 1661, 8vo, and ‘Faction Supplanted: or a Caveat against the ecclesiastical and secular Rebels,’ 1663, which was chiefly written in 1642 and finished on 3 April 1645. Wood supposed that ‘Faction Supplanted’ was the ‘same with the former [“The Right Rebel”], only a new title put to it to make it vend the better,’ but states that he had not seen either book. He also attributes to Harvey a book called ‘Conditions of Christianity.’
Harvey was a friend of Izaak Walton, and prefixed commendatory verses to the ‘Compleat Angler,’ ed. 1655. The fourth edition of the ‘Synagogue’ has commendatory verses by Walton, who also quoted one of the poems from the ‘Synagogue’ in the 1655 edition of the ‘Angler.’ Some bibliographers have erroneously ascribed the ‘Synagogue’ to Thomas Harvey.
[Wood's Athenæ, ed. Bliss, iii. 538–9; Oxf. Univ. Reg. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.), vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 331, pt. iii. p. 354; Hunter's Chorus Vatum (Brit. Mus. MS. Addit. 24490, fol. 100); Grosart's introduction to Harvey's poems in Fuller Worthies Library.]
A. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Edward

​HARVEY, Sir EDWARD (1783–1865), admiral, third son of Captain John Harvey [q. v.], and younger brother of Admiral Sir John Harvey [q. v.], was with his father as a first-class volunteer on board the Brunswick in the battle of 1 June 1794; afterwards with his brother John in the Prince of Wales; in the Beaulieu frigate he was present at the battle of Camperdown; and was again with his brother in the Southampton and Amphitrite. In July 1801 he was made a lieute​nant; and after continuous service, mostly in the North Sea and Mediterranean, was promoted in January 1808 to the command of the Cephalus sloop in the Mediterranean, where, on 18 April 1811, he was posted to the Topaze, which he brought home and paid off in 1812. From 1830 to 1834 he commanded the Undaunted on the Cape of Good Hope and East India stations; in 1838 the Malabar in the West Indies; and from 1839 to 1842, the Implacable in the Mediterranean, where he took part in the operations on the coast of Syria, including the bombardment of St. Jean d'Acre in 1840. He attained his flag on 17 Dec. 1847; and from 1848 to 1853 was superintendent at Malta, with his flag in the Ceylon. He became vice-admiral 11 Sept. 1854; was commander-in-chief at the Nore from 1857 to 1860; was promoted admiral 9 June 1860; was nominated a K.C.B. on 28 June 1861, and a G.C.B. on 28 March 1865, a few weeks before his death on 4 May 1865. He married Miss Cannon of Deal, and by her had issue; among others, Henry, a captain in the navy, who died in the West Indies in 1869, while in command of the Eclipse.
[O'Byrne's Nav. Biog. Dict.; Gent. Mag. 1865, new ser. xviii. 804; Navy Lists; information from the family.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Edmund George

​HARVEY, EDMUND GEORGE (1828–1884), author and musical composer, was born on 20 Feb. 1828 at Penzance. His father, William Woodis Harvey (1798–1864), born at Penzance on 15 June 1798, was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge (B.A. 1828, M.A. 1835); was vicar of Truro from 1839 to 1860, and a prebendary of Exeter; died at Torquay on 6 Oct. 1864; and published, besides numerous sermons: 1. ‘The Tucknet Split,’ 1824 (under the pseudonym of ‘Pindar’). 2. ‘Sketches of Hayti,’ London, 1827, 8vo. He also edited some of John Wesley's minor works. Edmund George, the eldest son, graduated B.A. at Queens' College, Cambridge, 1850. He afterwards resided for a few years on the continent, and made a ‘pair-oar expedition’ through France, Prussia, &c., which he described in ‘Our Cruise in the Undine.’ He was ordained in 1854, becoming in 1859 curate at St. Mary's, Truro, and in 1860 rector of this, the family living. In 1865 he was transferred to the vicarage of Mullyon or Mullion, Cornwall. Harvey was much interested in church music. He died on 21 June 1884, aged 56, and was buried at Truro.
Harvey published, besides sermons and parochial addresses: 1. ‘Our Cruise in the Undine,’ 1854, 8vo. 2. ‘Short Services for Daily Use in Families,’ 1856; 2nd edition, 1864, 12mo. 3. ‘Psalmody, Gregorian Tones,’ &c., Truro, 1858, 12mo. 4. ‘A Form of Pointing the Canticles to the use of the Anglican Chant,’ Truro, 1859, 12mo (printed for the Cornwall Association of Church Choirs, of which the author was an honorary secretary). 5. ‘Gregorian Chants and Anglican;’ a leaflet, Hayle, 1872, 8vo. 6. ‘Mullyon; its History, Scenery, and Antiquities,’ &c., Truro, 1875, 4to. ‘Truro, Concise History of Ancient Church and City,’ with illustrations, was announced in 1878, but never published. Harvey's musical publications include: ‘La Rosaura,’ polka, 1846; ‘When Death is drawing near,’ 1853; ‘Undinen,’ waltzes, Bruges, 1853; ‘S. Matthias,’ ‘S. Malo,’ and ‘S. Lucian,’ hymn-tunes, Truro, 1859–62; ‘O Lord, my God,’ Weston-super-Mare, 1864; ‘The Signal Gun,’ German melody harmonised, Weston-super-Mare, 1864; ‘Our Children's Matin Hymn,’ London, 1864; ‘Our Children's Evensong,’ London, 1864, 12mo; ‘The Wortle Te Deum’ for parish choirs, London, 1865, 12mo; ‘Strawberry Leaves,’ old Cornish song harmonised, Mullyon, 1867; ‘A Litany of the Holy Name,’ Mullyon, 1870; ‘The Truro Use,’ edited by Harvey, Truro, 1877.
[Boase and Courtney's Bibliotheca Cornubiensis, i. 211–12, 213–14, ii. 861, iii. 1219, 1220; Gent. Mag. 1864, pt. ii. p. 662; Academy, xxvi. 9; Clergy Lists, 1855–65.]
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartwell, Abraham (fl.1565)

​HARTWELL, ABRAHAM, the elder (fl. 1565), Latin poet, born in 1542 or 1543, was educated at Eton; he was admitted ​scholar at King's College, Cambridge, on 25 Aug. 1559, and became a fellow on 26 Aug. 1562; he graduated B.A. in 1563, M.A. in 1567, and resigned his fellowship in 1567. Hartwell published: 1. 'Regina Literata sive de Serenissimæ Dominæ Elizabethæ … in Academiam Cantabrigiensem adventu, &c. Anno 1564, Aug. 5. Narratio Abrahami Hartvelli Cantabrigiensis,' London, 1565, 8vo. Two long Latin letters to the reader and to Walter Haddon are prefixed to the poem, which is in elegiacs, containing over fifteen hundred lines: a few Latin epigrams on the subject of the queen's visit conclude the volume. One of these epigrams and two extracts from the poem were printed in G. Harvey's 'Gratulationum Valdinensium Libri Quatuor,' London, 1578, i. 2, ii. 5, iii. 3. 2. 'A Sight of the Portugall Pearle, that is The Aunswere of D. Haddon Maister of the requests unto our soveraigne , Lady Elizabeth … against the epistle of Hieronimus Osorius a Portugall, entitled a Pearle for a Prince. Translated out of lattyn into Englishe by Abraham Hartwell, Student in the kynges colledge in Cambridge,' London, 8vo, n.d. This tract contains an epistle 'To Mayster Shacklock' (translator of Osorius's 'Pearl'), and a preface dated Cambridge, 27 May 1565, besides some distichs of Latin verse. 3. Nearly a hundred lines of elegiacs in memory of Paul Fagius, published in the university collection of verses on the restitution of the remains of Bucer and Fagius in 1560; they are to be found also in 'Martini Buceri Scripta Anglicana,' Basle, 1577,p. 954. 4. A few elegiacs prefixed to 'G. Haddoni … Lucubrationes,' London, 1567. 5. Nearly sixty lines, 'In Sanct. Martyrum Historiam,' prefixed to the second edition of J. Foxe's 'Acts and Monuments,' 1570. Some verses found in Robert Hacomblene's' Commentarii in Aristotelis Ethica,' manuscript in King's College Library, have been ascribed to Hartwell, Cooper thinks wrongly. Four Latin lines by Thomas Newton (in his 'Illustrium aliquot Anglorum Encomia,' 1589), addressed to Abraham Hartwell the younger [q. v.], speak of the elder as a distinguished poet lately dead.
[Hartwell's Works; Harwood's Alumni Eton. p. 174; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 383, where the two Hartwells are confused.]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harty, William

​HARTY, WILLIAM, M.D. (1781–1854), physician, was born in 1781, became a scholar of Trinity College, Dublin, in 1799, proceeded B.A. in 1801, M.B. in 1804, and M.D. in 1830 (thesis on the Dublin bills of mortality). In 1805 he published ‘Dysentery and its Combinations,’ a work which shows thoroughness and scholarship, and illustrates philosophically the doctrine of the correlation of dysentery and typhus. A new and recast edition was issued in 1847. In 1808 he was candidate for the chair of botany in Trinity College. He was appointed physician to the prisons of Dublin, and was consulted at Westminster on the Prisons Bill of 1825. In 1820 he published ‘An Historic Sketch of the Contagious Fever Epidemic in Ireland in 1817–1819,’ one of the best works on the causes and circumstances of Irish typhus, with tables and reports for many parts of the country, and a comparison with the great typhus epidemic of 1741. He became a fellow of the King's and Queen's College of Physicians in 1824, censor in 1826, but resigned his fellowship in 1827, to the regret of the college. In 1836 he drew up a petition to the House of Lords on the Irish Church Bill, which he published in 1837, on the advice of the Bishop of Exeter, with notes and an appendix; his contention was that the protestant reformation had failed in Ireland on account of the poverty of the people and the insufficient endowment of the church establishment. He died on 30 March 1854.
[Calendar of Trinity College, Dublin; information kindly supplied by Dr. J. W. Moore; Harty's writings.]
C. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Beauchamp Bagenal

​HARVEY, BEAUCHAMP BAGENAL (1762–1798), politician, son of Francis Harvey of Bargay Castle, Wexford, was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and called to the bar in 1782. He acquired considerable reputation as a barrister, and promoted the public movements for catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform. On the death of his father in 1792 Harvey inherited estates in Wexford and Waterford, with an annual rental of 3,000l. He presided as chairman in 1793 at meetings of the Society of United Irishmen, Dublin. Although diminutive in stature and of feeble constitution, he distinguished himself as a duellist. He was nominated as a delegate by a public meeting in Wexford in March 1795 to present an address to Earl Fitzwilliam and a petition to the king. Before the commencement of the Wexford insurrection in 1798, Harvey induced his tenants to give up the arms with which they had provided themselves. After the government troops had evacuated Wexford on 30 May 1798, the leaders of the insurgents unanimously agreed on 1 June, in their camp, that Harvey should be appointed to command them in chief. Apprehensive for his own safety, and in the hope of checking excesses, Harvey unwillingly accepted the post. As commander, he sent a despatch to General Johnson at New Ross on 5 June, demanding the surrender of that town, with a view to avert rapine and bloodshed, but the messenger who carried the paper was shot. On the following day Harvey, as commander-in-chief, signed a series of orders summoning men to his camp and prohibiting, on pain of death, plunder and excesses. He exerted all his energies to restrain his followers, and publicly reprobated the destruction of life and property. The insurgents, after their repulse at Ross, deposed Harvey from the command. He subsequently sought safety in flight, and took refuge in a cave on a rocky island outside Wexford Harbour. He was arrested there, brought to Wexford, and arraigned before a court-martial with Cornelius Grogan [q. v.] and John Henry Colclough [q. v.] After an elaborate defence Harvey was sentenced to death. He was hanged on 26 June at the bridge of Wexford, on which his head, with those of others, was impaled. Harvey left no children; he was attainted in July 1798, but his brother was allowed to acquire his property.
[Proceedings of Society of United Irishmen, Dublin, 1794; Hay's History of Wexford Insurrection, 1803; Barrington's Personal Sketches, 1827, and Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation, 1833; Cornwallis Correspondence, 1859; Madden's United Irishmen, 1860.]
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, John Eliot

​HOWARD, JOHN ELIOT (1807–1883), quinologist, son of Luke Howard [q. v.], the meteorologist, was born at Plaistow, Essex, 11 Dec. 1807. Throughout his life he was connected with his father's chemical manufactory at Stratford. His first paper, a report on the collection of cinchona in the British Museum made by the Spanish botanist Pavon, was published in 1852. In the following year he joined the Pharmaceutical Society, and in 1857 the Linnean Society. Being specially interested in quinine he purchased at Madrid, in 1858, the manuscript 'Nueva Quinologia' and the specimens of cinchona belonging to Pavon; employed a botanical artist to illustrate them, and published in 1862 the sumptuous 'Illustrations of the "Nueva Quinologia" of Pavon, and Observations on the Barks described.' Howard's second great work, 'The Quinology of the East Indian Plantations,' published in 1869, was the result of his examination of the bark of all the forms of cinchona introduced into India from the Andes by Markham, Spruce, and Cross. For this he received the thanks of her majesty's government, and in 1874 was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. Howard took considerable interest in gardening, and especially in hybridisation as bearing upon cultivated cinchonas, and was the author of numerous scientific papers, chiefly on quinology. He also gave addresses on both science and revelation at the Victoria Institute, of which he was a vice-president. ​He died at his house, Lord's Mead, Tottenham, Middlesex, 22 Nov. 1883, and was buried in Tottenham cemetery. Weddell dedicated to him the genus Howardia of the Cinchonaceæ. He married Maria, daughter of W. D. Crewdson of Kendal, and left a large family.
Like his father he was a member of the Society of Friends. He published in early life several religious tracts, such as 'The Doctrine of the Inward Life,' 1836; 'Justification by Faith,' 1838; and 'An Address to the Christians of Tottenham,' 1839.
G. S. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, John (1753-1799)

​HOWARD, JOHN (1753–1799), mathematician, born in Fort George garrison, near Inverness, in 1753, was son of Ralph Howard, a private soldier, and was brought up by relations in Carlisle. Apprenticed in his fourteenth year to his uncle, a cork-cutter, who treated him harshly, he ran away to sea; he afterwards worked as a carpenter, and then as a flax-dresser. Having acquired a taste for reading and the elements of mathematics, he opened a school near Carlisle, and, improving himself by study, attracted the attention of Bishop Law, who appointed him master of the Carlisle grammar school, and encouraged him to read for holy orders. Abandoning that scheme, Howard became steward to the bishop's son John [q. v.], when appointed bishop of Clonfert in 1782. In 1786 Howard returned to Carlisle, and resumed school-teaching there until 1794, when he removed to Newcastle-on-Tyne. There he rented the school-house built by Dr. Charles Hutton [q.v.] in Westgate Street, and gained a fair position as instructor and many friends. He had some local reputation as a versifier. Soon after the appearance of his long-projected work on spherical geometry, his health rapidly declined. He died on 26 March 1799, aged 46, at the Leazes, near Newcastle, and was buried in St. John's churchyard.
When in Carlisle, Howard wrote much for the 'Ladies and Gentlemen's Diaries.' His reputation as a mathematician rests mainly on the 'Treatise on Spherical Geometry,' which he published in Newcastle-on-Tyne in 1798. It deals with the maxima and minima of certain lines and areas, and sets a variety of problems. When discussing some loci of spherical angles and triangles, and certain lines drawn on spherical and cylindrical surfaces, the author notes many analogies between the properties of lines meeting on the surface of the sphere and those drawn to meet a plane circle. The epitaph on Howard's tombstone records 'many other ingenious mathematical and poetical pieces.'
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Howard, James (fl.1674)

Date of death 1669 in the ODNB.
​HOWARD, JAMES (fl. 1674), dramatist, was ninth son of Thomas Howard, first earl of Berkshire, and was brother of Sir Robert (1618?-1698) [q. v.], of Edward Howard [q. v.], and of Lady Elizabeth, who married Dryden (Collins, Peerage of England, ed. Brydges, 1812). He was the author of two comedies. 'All Mistaken, or the Mad Couple, a Comedy,' published in 4to in 1672, was first acted at the Theatre Royal on 20 Sept. and again on 28 Dec. 1667. According to Pepys the part of the heroine Mirida was taken by Nell Gwyn, and that of Philidor by Hart (Genest, i. 72, iv. 116). Langbaine says 'this play is commended by some for an excellent comedy.' Genest says the humour is 'of the lowest species.' Howard's second comedy, 'The English Mounsieur,' published in 4to in 1674, was first acted at the Theatre Royal 8 Dec. 1666. Nell Gwyn seems to have taken the part of Lady Wealthy, Lacy that of Frenchlove, and Hart of Wellbred. Pepys was present, and described the piece as 'a mighty pretty play, very witty and pleasant: and the women do all very well; but above all, little Nelly.' Pepys saw the comedy again performed on 7 April 1668 (Pepys. Diary, iii. 25, 420). Frenchlove, the main character, having recently returned from France, he affects all the habits of that country, and is amusingly drawn (cf. Genest, i. 66, x. 253-4). Langbaine adds: 'Whether the late Duke of Buckingham, in his character of Prince Volscius falling in love with Parthenope as he is pulling on his boots to go out of town, designed to reflect on the [i.e. Howard's] characters of Comely and Elsbeth, I pretend not to determine; but I know there is a near resemblance in the characters.' Howard is also said to have converted Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet' into a tragi-comedy, 'preserving both Romeo and Juliet alive.' According to Downes's 'Roscius Anglicanus,' p. 22, Howard's adaptation was acted at the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields by Sir William D'Avenant's company on alternate nights with the authentic version (Genest, History of Stage, i. 42). Howard's adaptation was not printed.
W. R. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Chase, John

​CHASE, JOHN (1810–1879), landscape water-colour painter, was born in John Street, Fitzroy Square, on 26 Feb. 1810. When a child he received some instruction from John Constable, R.A. [q. v.], and afterwards studied architecture. is earliest attempts in art were elaborate interiors, such as those of Henry VII's Chapel in Westminster Abbey, and St. George's Chapel, Windsor. In 1826 he exhibited (for the first time), in Suffolk Street ‘A View of the Naves of Westminster Abbey.' Chase was elected a member of the New Society of Painters in Water-colours (now the Royal Institute, Piccadilly) in 1835, and died at his residence, 113 Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, on 8 Jan. 1879. His later works combined chiefly landscape and architecture, such as terraced gardens, ruined abbeys, castles, manorhouses, and churches. He frequently exhibited views of Haddon Hall, which had a special charm for him. His drawings were generally of rather small dimensions. The following works by him were hung in the Institute: in 1872, ‘Capulet's Balcony, Verona,' and ‘Lichfield, Evening;’ ‘Studio of Leonardo da Vinci at Fontainebleau,’ in 1873; ‘Lichfield Cathedral from the Minster Pool,’ ‘Porch of the Cathedral at Chartres, France,’ and ‘Ludlow Castle’ in 1878. Chase was the author of a work entitled ‘A Practical Treatise on Landscape Painting and Sketching from Nature in Water-colours,’ edited by the Rev. James Harris, M.A., London, 1861; 8vo.
[Ottley’s Dictionary of Recent and Living Painters and Engravers, 1868; Athenæum, 1879, ii. 96.]
L. F.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Chastillon, Henry de

​CHASTILLON or CASTILLUN, HENRY de (fl. 1195), archdeacon of Canterbury, is first mentioned as a judge of the king’s court in 1195. In the records of fines for that year he is mentioned as Henry de Chastilon or Castilliun, but in those of 1196 he is always called Henry, archdeacon of Canterbury. It may therefore be presumed that he was appointed about the end of 1195 or the beginning of 1196. He may possibly be the same person as the Henry de Casteillun who in 1197 rendered an account of receipts and ayments of the office of chamberlain of Condon for the two years beginning Whitsuntide 1195; but in that case it is singular that he is mentioned without the title of archdeacon. In 1198 and 1199 he was employed by Hubert, archbishop of Canterbury, as his agent in the negotiations arising out of his quarrel with the convent of Christ Church (Canterbury), and in connection with the same matter he appears as the bearer of a letter from the ​archbishop to Richard I. In the following year he was a witness to the agreement in which the archbishop and the monks bound themselves to submit their case to arbitration. In 1199 he installed Savaricus, bishop of Bath and Wells, as abbot of Glastonbury. During his tenure of the archdeaconry two different persons, Radulf and E., are mentioned as having acted as 'vice-archdeacons' in 1189 and 1199.
In 1202, during the contest between King John and the monks of St. Augustine's monastery at Canterbury respecting the patronage of the church at Faversham, the archdeacon excommunicated the monks on account of the scenes of violence which had taken place in the sacred building, and took possession of the church. The monks appealed to the pope, who directed an inquiry into the case. How the matter was decided is not known; but in the meantime the monks had made their peace with the king, and it seems that the archdeacon availed himself of the opportunity to secure for himself a share of the revenues of the church.
The date of Chastillon's death is unknown, nor does it appear whether he continued to hold the office of archdeacon during his life. The name of his successor is variously given as Henry de Stanford, Sanford, and Stafford.
[Somner's Canterbury, ed. Battely, i. 155; Hasted's Kent, ii. 564; Madox's Exchequer, i. 775; Hunter's Fines, i. 1, 3, 91, 152; Epistolæ Cantuarienses, ed. Stubbs (Rolls Series), pp. 439, 440, 446, 511; Foss's Lives of the Judges, i. 348.]
H. B.