# Book Introduction - John

Read first chapter of John WRITER: The fourth Gospel was written by the Apostle John John 21:24. This has been questioned on critical grounds, but on the same grounds and with equal scholarship, the early date and Johanean authorship have been maintained. DATE: The date of John's Gospel falls between A.D. 85 and 90. Probably the latter. THEME: This is indicated both in the Prologue ( 1:1-14), and in the last verse of the Gospel proper ( 20:31), and is: The incarnation of the eternal Word, and Son of life; (2) that as many as believe on Him as "the Christ, the Son of God" ( 20:31) may have eternal life. The prominent words are, "believed" and "life." The book is in seven natural divisions:
* Prologue: The eternal Word incarnate in Jesus the Christ, 1:1-14.
* The witness of John the Baptist, 1:15-34.
* The public ministry of Christ, 1:35-12:50.
* The private ministry of Christ to His own, 13:1-17:26.
* The sacrifice of Christ, 18:1-19:42.
* The manifestation of Christ in resurrection, 20:1-31.
* Epilogue: Christ the Master of life and service, 21:1-25.
The events recorded in this book cover a period of 7 years.

# CHAPTER 1
## Verse 1

Word Gr. "Logos" (arm. "Memra," used in the Targums, or Heb. paraphrases, for God). The Greek term means,
* (1) a thought or concept;
* (2) the expression or utterance of that thought. As a designation of Christ, therefore, Logos is peculiarly felicitous because,
* (1) in Him are embodied all the treasures of the divine wisdom, the collective "thought" of God 1 Corinthians 1:24; Ephesians 3:11; Colossians 2:2,3 and,
* (2) He is from eternity, but especially in His incarnation, the utterance or expression of the Person, and "thought" of Deity John 1:3-5,9,14-18; 14:9-11; Colossians 2:9.
In the Being, Person, and work of Christ, Deity is told out.

## Verse 5

comprehended Or, apprehended; lit. "laid not hold of it."

## Verse 10

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8")

## Verse 11

He came i.e. He came unto his own things, and his own people received him not.

## Verse 17

grace Grace. Summary:
* (1) Grace is "the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man... not by works of righteousness which we have done" Titus 3:4,5.
It is, therefore, constantly set in contrast to law, under which God demands righteousness from man, as, under grace, he gives righteousness to man Romans 3:21,22; 8:4; Philemon 3:9. Law is connected with Moses and works; grace with Christ and faith ; John 1:17; Romans 10:4-10. Law blesses the good; grace saves the bad ; Exodus 19:5; Ephesians 2:1-9. Law demands that blessings be earned; grace is a free gift ; Deuteronomy 28:1-6; Ephesians 2:8; Romans 4:4,5.
* (2) As a dispensation, grace begins with the death and resurrection of Christ Romans 3:24-26 4:24,25. The point of testing is no longer legal obedience as the condition of salvation, but acceptance or rejection of Christ, with good works as a fruit of salvation, ; John 1:12,13; 3:36; Matthew 21:37; 22:24; John 15:22,25; Hebrews 1:2; 1 John 5:10-12. The immediate result of this testing was the rejection of Christ by the Jews, and His crucifixion by Jew and Gentile Acts 4:27. The predicted end of the testing of man under grace is the apostasy of the professing church: See "Apostasy" (See Scofield "2 Timothy 3:1") 2 Timothy 3:1-8 and the resultant apocalyptic judgments.
* (3) Grace has a twofold manifestation: in salvation Romans 3:24 and in the walk and service of the saved Romans 6:15.
See, for the other six dispensations: Innocence, (See Scofield "Genesis 1:28") Conscience, (See Scofield "Genesis 3:23") Human Government, (See Scofield "Genesis 8:21") Promise, (See Scofield "Genesis 12:1") Law, (See Scofield "Exodus 19:8") Kingdom, (See Scofield "Ephesians 1:10").

## Verse 18

hath seen God CF Genesis 32:20; Exodus 24:10; 33:18; Judges 6:22; 13:22; Revelation 22:4. The divine essence, God, veiled in angelic form, and especially as incarnate in Jesus Christ, has been seen of men. ; Genesis 18:2,22; John 14:8,9. declared Lit. led him forth, i.e. into full revelation. John 14:9.

## Verse 29

sins Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 39

Come The call to discipleship. Cf. Matthew 4:18-22 the call to service. tenth hour That was two hours before night.

## Verse 51

angels (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4")

# CHAPTER 3
## Verse 3

born again Regeneration:
* (1) The necessity of the new birth grows out of the incapacity of the natural man to "see" or "enter into" the kingdom of God. However gifted, moral, or refined, the natural man is absolutely blind to spiritual truth, and impotent to enter the kingdom; for he can neither obey, understand, nor please God John 3:3,5,6; Psalms 51:5; Jeremiah 17:9; Mark 7:21-23; 1 Corinthians 2:14; Romans 8:7,8; Ephesians 2:3 (See Scofield "Matthew 6:33").
* (2) The new birth is not a reformation of the old nature (See Scofield "Romans 6:6") but a creative act of the holy Spirit John 3:5; 1:12,13; 2 Corinthians 5:17; Ephesians 2:10; 4:24.
* (3) The condition of the new birth is faith in Christ crucified John 3:14,15; 1:12,13; Galatians 3:24
* (4) Through the new birth the believer becomes a partaker of the divine nature and of the life of Christ Himself Galatians 2:20; Ephesians 2:10; 4:24; Colossians 1:27; 1 Peter 1:23-25; 2 Peter 1:4; 1 John 5:10-12

## Verse 10

a master Lit. Art thou the teacher of Israel, etc.

## Verse 13

Son of man (See Scofield "Matthew 8:20")

## Verse 16

perish (Greek - ἀπόλλυμι," trans). "marred," Mark 2:22, "lost," ; Matthew 10:6; 15:24; 18:11; Luke 15:4,6,32. In no N.T. instance does it signify cessation of existence or of consciousness. It is the condition of every non-believer. world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 17

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8") condemn Or, judge, and so in John 3:18,19, cf. John 15:22-24. saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16")

## Verse 18

He that See, John 6:40,47; Romans 8:1

## Verse 19

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 4
## Verse 22

salvation (See Scofield "Romans 1:16")

## Verse 23

spirit That the Holy Spirit is meant is clear for John 4:24.

## Verse 24

God Cf. (See Scofield "John 1:18")

## Verse 27

that he that he was talking with a woman.

## Verse 42

Saviour (See Scofield "Romans 1:16") world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8")

## Verse 46

nobleman Or, courtier, or, ruler.

# CHAPTER 5
## Verse 2

market a pool Or, gate, Nehemiah 3:1; 12:39

## Verse 3

waiting for The Sinai MS. omits "waiting for the moving of the water." and all of John 5:4.

## Verse 4

For See margin ref. (See Scofield "John 5:3") angel See note, (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4")

## Verse 14

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 18

his Father (Greek - βιβλαρίδιον," his own Father). The Jews understood perfectly that Jesus was claiming to be God. Cf. John 10:33.

## Verse 31

witness Cf. John 8:14. In John 5:31 our Lord, defending His Messianic claims before Jews who denied those claims, accepts the biblical rule of evidence, which required "two witnesses" ; John 8:17; Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 17:6. A paraphrase of verse John 5:31 would be: "If I bear witness of myself ye will say my witness is not true." Cf. John 8:14.

## Verse 34

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 37

seen Cf. (See Scofield "John 1:18").

# CHAPTER 6
## Verse 14

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 27

Son of man (See Scofield "Matthew 8:20").

## Verse 33

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 51

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 69

we believe Or, we have believed and come to understand that thou art the Holy One of God.

## Verse 70

devil (Greek - διάβολος," adversary, usually trans). Satan. Cf. (See Scofield "Revelation 20:10"). Also see, John 13:27.

# CHAPTER 7
## Verse 4

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 7

world kosmos = world-system. John 8:23; 7:7, See note, Revelation 13:3-8, (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 20

devil demon. (See Scofield "Matthew 7:22").

## Verse 22

but of the fathers Genesis 17:10. (See Scofield "Matthew 12:1").

## Verse 24

righteous (See Scofield "1 John 3:7").

## Verse 39

Spirit Holy Spirit. John 14:17,26; Matthew 1:18 See summary note, (See Scofield "Acts 2:4").

## Verse 53

and every man John 7:53-8:11; is not found in some of the most ancient manuscripts. Augustine declares that it was stricken from many copies of the sacred story because of a prudish fear that it might teach immorality! But the immediate context John 7:12-46 beginning with Christ's declaration, "I am the light of the world." seems clearly to have its occasion in the conviction wrought in the hearts of the Pharisees, as recorded in ; John 7:9; as also, it explains the peculiar virulence of the Pharisee's words (John 7:41).

# CHAPTER 8
## Verse 1

Jesus John 7:53-8:11; is not found in some of the most ancient manuscripts. Augustine declares that it was stricken from many copies of the sacred story because of a prudish fear that it might teach immorality! But the immediate context John 7:12-46 beginning with Christ's declaration, "I am the light of the world." seems clearly to have its occasion in the conviction wrought in the hearts of the Pharisees, as recorded in ; John 8:9; as also, it explains the peculiar virulence of the Pharisee's words (John 7:41).

## Verse 7

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 12

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 21

sins (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 23

world kosmos = world-system. John 12:25,31; 7:7 (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 24

sins Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 26

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 28

Son of man (See Scofield "Matthew 8:20").

## Verse 34

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 37

Abraham's Cf. John 8:39. The contrast, "I know that ye are Abraham's seed"--"If ye were Abraham's children," is that between the natural and the spiritual posterity of Abraham. The Israelitish people and Ishmaelites are the former; all who are "of like precious faith with Abraham," whether Jews or Gentiles, are the latter ; Romans 9:6-8; Galatians 3:6-14. See "Abrahamic Covenant," (See Scofield "Genesis 15:18").

## Verse 44

the devil diabolos. (See Scofield "Revelation 20:10") Satan, John 13:2,27; Genesis 3:1.

## Verse 46

sins Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 48

devil demon. (See Scofield "Matthew 7:22").

## Verse 49

devil demon. (See Scofield "Matthew 7:22").

# CHAPTER 9
## Verse 3

sinned Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 5

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 16

sinner Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 24

sinner Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 31

sinner Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 39

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 41

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

# CHAPTER 10
## Verse 7

I am the door of the sheep The shepherd work of our Lord has three aspects:
* (1) As the "Good" Shepherd He gives His life for the sheep John 10:11 and is, therefore, "the door" by which "if any man enter in he shall be saved." John 10:9. This answers to Ps 22.
* (2) He is the "Great" Shepherd, "brought again from the dead" Hebrews 13:20 to care for and make perfect the sheep. This answers to Ps 23.
* (3) He is the "Chief" Shepherd, who is coming in glory to give crowns of reward to the faithful shepherds 1 Peter 5:4. This answers to Ps 24.

## Verse 9

saved (See Scofield "Romans 1:16").

## Verse 16

other sheep i.e. not of the Jewish fold, but Gentiles. John 10:4; Isaiah 56:8; John 17:20; Acts 15:7-9.

## Verse 20

devil demon. (See Scofield "Matthew 7:22").

## Verse 28

never Or, in no wise ever perish. Cf. John 6:37.

## Verse 36

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 39

escaped Or, went forth out of their hand. See, Luke 4:30; John 8:59.

# CHAPTER 11
## Verse 26

never die i.e. the "second death." Cf. Revelation 2:1; 20:6.

## Verse 27

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 12
## Verse 3

Mary As Martha stands for service, and Lazarus for communion, so Mary shows us the worship of a grateful heart. Others before her had come to his feet to have their need met; she came to give Him His due. Though two of the evangelists record her act, John alone gives her name. feet of (See Scofield "Matthew 26:7").

## Verse 12

when they (See Scofield "Matthew 21:4").

## Verse 19

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 23

answered He does not receive these Gentiles. A Christ in the flesh, King of the Jews, could be no proper object of faith to the Gentiles, though the Jews should have believed on Him as such. For Gentiles the corn of wheat must fall into the ground and die; Christ must be lifted up on the cross and believed in as a sacrifice for sin, as seed of Abraham, not David John 12:24,32; Galatians 3:7-14; Ephesians 2:11-13. Son of man (See Scofield "Matthew 8:20").

## Verse 24

Except Chapters 12-17 are a progression according to the order of approach to God in the tabernacle types: chapter 12., in which Christ speaks of His death, answers to the brazen altar of burnt-offering, type of the cross. Passing from the altar toward the holy of holies, the laver is next reached Exodus 30:17-21, answering to Chapter 13. With His associate priests, now purified, the High Priest approaches and enters the holy place, in the high communion of Chapters 14-16. Entering alone the holy of holies John 17:1, the High Priest intercedes. (Cf) Hebrews 7:24-28. That intercession is not for the salvation, but the keeping and blessing of those for whom He prays. His death (assumed as accomplished), John 17:4 has saved them.

## Verse 25

world kosmos = world-system. John 14:17,19,22,27,30; 7:7 (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 29

angel (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4").

## Verse 31

judgments The Seven Judgments. (1) Of Jesus Christ as bearing the believer's sins. The sins of believers have been judged in the person of Jesus Christ "lifted up" on the cross. The result was death for Christ, and justification for the believer, who can never again be put in jeopardy. John 5:24; Romans 5:9; 8:1; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Galatians 3:13. ; Hebrews 9:26-28; 10:10,14-17; 1 Peter 2:24; 3:18. See other judgments, (See Scofield "1 Corinthians 11:31"). See Scofield "2 Corinthians 5:10". See Scofield "Matthew 25:32". See Scofield "Ezekiel 20:37". See Scofield "Jude 1:6". See Scofield "Revelation 20:12". world kosmos = world-system. John 14:17,19,22,27,30; 7:7 See note, Revelation 13:3-8 (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8")

## Verse 47

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 13
## Verse 1

before the feast For order of events during the night of the last passover, (See Scofield "Matthew 26:20").

## Verse 2

devil diabolos. (See Scofield "Revelation 20:10").

## Verse 10

needeth The underlying imagery is of an oriental returning from the public baths to his house. His feet would contract defilement and require cleansing, but not his body. So the believer is cleansed as before the law from all sin "once for all" Hebrews 10:1-12 but needs ever to bring his daily sins to the Father in confession, that he may abide in unbroken fellowship with the Father and with the Son 1 John 1:1-10. The blood of Christ answers forever to all the law could say as to the believer's guilt, but he needs constant cleansing from the defilement of sin, ; Ephesians 5:25-27; 1 John 5:6. Typically, the order of approach to the presence of God was, first, the brazen altar of sacrifice, and then the laver of cleansing Exodus 40:6,7. See, also, the order in Exodus 30:17-21. Christ cannot have communion with a defiled saint, but He can and will cleanse him. washed Lit. bathed. The Greek word signifies a complete ablution. "Wash" is another word.

## Verse 31

Son of man (See Scofield "Matthew 8:20").

# CHAPTER 14
## Verse 3

receive you unto myself This promise of a second advent of Christ is to be distinguished from His return in glory to the earth; it is the first intimation in Scripture of "the day of Christ". (See Scofield "1 Corinthians 1:8"). Here He comes for His saints 1 Thessalonians 4:14-17 there Matthew 24:29,30. He come to judge the nations, etc.

## Verse 16

Comforter G. Parakletos, "one called alongside to help." Translated "advocate," 1 John 2:1. Christ is the believer's Paraclete with the Father when he sins; the Holy Spirit the believer's indwelling Paraclete to help his ignorance and infirmity and to make intercession Romans 8:26,27. (See "Holy Spirit," N.T. doctrine,) Matthew 1:18. (See Scofield "Acts 2:4"). And I will (See Scofield "Luke 11:13").

## Verse 17

world kosmos = world-system. John 15:18,19; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 19

world kosmos = world-system. John 15:18,19; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 22

world kosmos = world-system. John 15:18,19; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 27

Peace Cf. (See Scofield "Matthew 10:34"). world kosmos = world-system. John 15:18,19; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 31

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 15
## Verse 1

true "True" in contrast with Israel. Isaiah 5:1-7.

## Verse 2

purgeth Three conditions of the fruitful life: Cleansing, John 15:2,3. (See Scofield "John 13:10") , abiding , See Scofield "John 15:4", obedience, John 15:4,10,12, (See "Law of Christ,") Galatians 6:2. See Scofield "2 John 1:5".

## Verse 4

abide To abide in Christ is, on the one hand, to have no known sin unjudged and unconfessed, no interest into which He is not brought, no life which He cannot share. On the other hand, the abiding one takes all burdens to Him, and draws all wisdom, life and strength from Him. It is not unceasing consciousness of these things, and of Him, but that nothing is allowed in the life which separates from Him. See "Fellowship," 1 John 1:3. See "Communion," 1 Corinthians 10:16.

## Verse 8

much fruit Three degrees in fruit-bearing: "Fruit," John 15:2, "more fruit," John 15:2, "much fruit," John 15:5,8. As we bear "much fruit" the Father is glorified in us. The minor moralities and graces of Christianity are often imitated, but never the ninefold "fruit" of Galatians 5:22,23. Where such fruit is the Father glorified. The Pharisees were moral and intensely "religious," but not one of them could say with Christ, "I have glorified thee on the earth" John 17:4.

## Verse 15

Henceforth Progressive intimacy in John: Servants, John 13:13, Friends John 15:15, Brethren, John 20:17.

## Verse 18

world kosmos = world-system. John 16:11,33; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 19

the world kosmos = world-system. John 16:11,33; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8"). out of the world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 22

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 24

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

# CHAPTER 16
## Verse 8

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8"). sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 11

world kosmos = world-system. John 17:14; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 12

I have yet Christ's pre-authentication of the New Testament:
* (1) he expressly declared that He would leave "many things" unrevealed (John 16:12).
* (2) He promised that this revelation should be completed ("all things") after the Spirit should come, and that such additional revelation should include new prophecies (Joh 16:)).
* (3) He chose certain persons to receive such additional revelations, and to be His witnesses to them Matthew 28:19; John 15:27; 16:13; Acts 1:8; Acts 9:15-17.
* (4) he gave to their words when speaking for Him in the Spirit precisely the same authority as His own Matthew 10:14,15; Luke 10:16; John 13:20; 17:20 see e.g. 1 Corinthians 14:37 and "Inspiration," ; Exodus 4:15; Revelation 22:19.

## Verse 13

of himself from himself. Cf. next clause.

## Verse 20

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 28

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 33

world kosmos = world-system. John 17:14,16; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

# CHAPTER 17
## Verse 1

glorify Seven petitions:
* (1) That Jesus may be glorified as the Son who has glorified the Father (John 17:1), Philippians 2:9-11.
* (2) for restoration to the eternal glory (John 17:5);
* (3) for the safety of believers from
\li2 (a) the world (John 17:11) (b) the evil one (John 17:15);
* (4) for the sanctification of believers (John 17:17);
* (5) for the spiritual unity of believers (John 17:21);
* (6) that the world may believe (John 17:21);
* (7) that believers may be with Him in heaven to behold and share His glory (John 17:24).

## Verse 2

give eternal life Christ's gifts to those whom the Father gave Him: Eternal life John 17:2; the Father's name (John 17:6,26; 20:17), the Father's words (John 17:8,14)); His own joy (John 17:13); His own glory (John 17:22). given him Seven times Jesus speaks of believers as given to Him by the Father (John 17:2,6,9,11,12,24). Jesus Christ is God's love-gift to the world (John 3:16), and believers are the Father's love-gift to Jesus Christ. It is Christ who commits the believer to the Father for safe keeping, so that the believer's security rests upon the Father's faithfulness to His Son Jesus Christ.

## Verse 6

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 9

world kosmos = world-system. John 17:14,16; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 12

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 14

world kosmos = world-system. John 18:36; 7:7, (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 15

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 16

world kosmos = world-system. John 18:36; 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 18

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 21

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 23

perfect (See Scofield "Matthew 5:48"). world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 25

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 18
## Verse 19

The high priest For the order of events on the day of the crucifixion, (See Scofield "Matthew 26:57").

## Verse 20

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

## Verse 36

of this Gk. ek, out of, or according to. world kosmos = world-system. 1 Corinthians 1:20; John 7:7. (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8").

## Verse 37

world kosmos = mankind. (See Scofield "Matthew 4:8").

# CHAPTER 19
## Verse 11

sin Sin. (See Scofield "Romans 3:23").

## Verse 14

sixth hour (See Scofield "Mark 15:25").

## Verse 16

Then For order of events, (See Scofield "Matthew 27:33").

## Verse 30

It is finished It is the Victor's cry. John 4:34; 17:4; Romans 10:4; Galatians 3:13; Hebrews 10:5-10. and gave up delivered up his spirit. (See Scofield "Matthew 27:50").

# CHAPTER 20
## Verse 1

Mary For order of events on the resurection day, (See Scofield "Matthew 28:1").

## Verse 17

Touch me not Cf. Matthew 28:9, "and they came and held him by the feet." A contradiction has been supposed. Three views are held:
* (1) That Jesus speaks to Mary as the High Priest fulfilling the day of atonement (Le 16). Having accomplished the sacrifice, He was on His way to present the sacred blood in heaven, and that, between the meeting with Mary in the garden and the meeting of Matthew 28:9. He had so ascended and returned: a view in harmony with types.
* (2) That Mary Magdalene, knowing as yet only Christ after the flesh 2 Corinthians 5:15-17 and having found her Beloved, sought only to hold Him so; while He, about to assume a new relation to His disciples in ascension, gently teaches Mary that now she must not seek to hold Him to the earth, but rather become His messenger of the new joy.
* (3) That He merely meant: "Do not detain me now; I am not yet ascended; you will see me again; run rather to my brethren," etc.
Touch me not Or, do not detain me.

## Verse 28

My Lord and My God The deity of Jesus Christ is declared in Scripture:
* (1) In the intimations and explicit predictions of the O.T.
\li2 (a) The theophanies intimate the appearance of God in human form, and His ministry thus to man Genesis 16:7-13; 18:2-23 especially ; Genesis 18:17; 32:28 with ; Hosea 12:3-5; Exodus 3:2-14. (b) The Messiah is expressly declared to be the Son of God Psalms 2:2-9 and God ; Psalms 45:6,7; Hebrews 1:8,9; Psalms 110:1; Matthew 22:44; Acts 2:34; Hebrews 1:13; Psalms 110:4; Hebrews 5:6; 6:20; 7:17-21; Zechariah 6:13. (c) His virgin birth was foretold as the means through which God could be "Immanuel," God with us ; Isaiah 7:13,14; Matthew 1:22,23 (d) The Messiah is expressly invested with the divine names Isaiah 9:6,7 (e) In a prophecy of His death He is called Jehovah's "fellow" ; Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 26:31. (f) His eternal being is declared ; Micah 5:2; Matthew 2:6; John 7:42.
* (2) Christ Himself affirmed His deity.
\li2 (a) He applied to Himself the Jehovistic I AM. (The pronoun "he" is not in the Greek; cf John 8:24; 8:56-58. The Jews correctly understood this to be our Lord's claim to full deity. John 8:59. See also, John 10:33; 18:4-6 where, also, "he" is not in the original.) (b) He claimed to be the Adonai of the O.T. Matthew 22:42-45. (See Scofield "Genesis 15:2"). (c) He asserted His identity with the Father ; Matthew 28:19; Mark 14:62; John 10:30, that the Jews so understood Him is shown by ; John 10:31,32; 14:8,9 17:5. (d) He exercised the chief prerogative of God ; Mark 2:5-7; Luke 7:48-50. (e) He asserted omnipresence ; Matthew 18:20; John 3:13 omniscience, John 11:11-14, when Jesus was fifty miles away; Mark 11:6-8, omnipotence ; Matthew 28:18; Luke 7:14; John 5:21-23; 6:19, mastery over nature, and creative power ; Luke 9:16,17; John 2:9; 10:28. (f) He received and approved human worship, ; Matthew 14:33; 28:9; John 20:28,29.
* (3) The N.T. writers ascribe divine titles to Christ: John 1:1; 20:28; Acts 20:28; Romans 1:4; 9:5; 2 Thessalonians 1:12; 1 Timothy 3:16; Titus 2:13; Hebrews 1:8; 1 John 5:20.
* (4) The N.T. writers ascribe divine perfections and attributes to Christ (e.g.) Matthew 11:28; 18:20; 28:20; John 1:2; 2:23-25; 3:13; John 5:17; 21:17; Hebrews 1:3,11,12; 13:8; Revelation 1:8,17,18; 2:23; Revelation 11:17; 22:13.
* (5) The N.T. writers ascribe divine works to Christ John 1:3,10; Colossians 1:16,17; Hebrews 1:3.
* (6) The N.T. writers teach that supreme worship should be paid to Christ Acts 7:59,60; 1 Corinthians 1:2; 2 Corinthians 13:14; Philippians 2:9,10; Hebrews 1:6; Revelation 1:5,6; 5:12,13.
* (7) The holiness and resurrection of Christ prove His deity John 8:46; Romans 1:4.

# CHAPTER 21
## Verse 3

I go Contra. Numbers 9:17-23.

## Verse 11

was not Contra. Luke 5:6.

## Verse 12

dine Lit. break your fast.

## Verse 15

dined Lit. breakfasted. lovest (Greek - διάβολος, deeply love; used of divine love John 14:21, and of that love which the law demands Luke 10:27. love (Greek - καταφιλέω, am fond of). It is a lesser degree of love than agapas. Feed See, 1 Peter 5:2.

## Verse 16

lovest (Greek - καταφιλέω, deeply love; used of divine love John 14:21 and of that love which the law demands Luke 10:27 love (Greek - καταφιλέω, am fond of). It is a lesser degree of love than agapas. Feed tend; 1 Peter 5:1-3

## Verse 17

lovest Our Lord here takes Peter's word, phileis. love (Greek - καταφιλέω, am fond of). It is a lesser degree of love than agapas. Feed John 21:15; 10:9
* ↑ strong="G622"
* ↑ strong="G974"
* ↑ strong="G1228"
* ↑ strong="G1228"
* ↑ strong="G2705"
* ↑ strong="G2705"
* ↑ strong="G2705"
* ↑ strong="G2705"