OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lead, Kindly Light

* related portals: Hymns.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, Wikidata item.
   Written in 1833 by John Henry Newman as a poem titled "The Pillar of Cloud". In some hymnals, one may find a fourth verse added by Edward H Bickersteth Jr, Bishop of Exeter. It is usually sung to the tune Lux Benigna, composed by John Bacchus Dykes in 1865, to Alberta by William H Harris, or as a choral anthem by John Stainer (1886). Arthur Sullivan also did a setting, Lux in Tenebris.
   —Warning: template has been deprecated.
* "Lead, Kindly Light" in Poems That Every Child Should Know, 1904
* "Lead Kindly Light" in The Canadian Soldiers' Song Book, 1918
* "Lead, Kindly Light, Amid the Encircling Gloom" in The Army and Navy Hymnal, 1920
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Leach v. Nichols

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
285 U.S. 165
Leach v. Nichols
Argued: Feb. 23, 1932. --- Decided: March 14, 1932
Mr. O. Walker Taylor, of Boston, Mass., for petitioner.
Mr. Charles B. Rugg, Asst. Atty. Gen., for respondent.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Leach v. Burr

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
188 U.S. 510
Leach v. Burr
Argued: January 27, 1903. --- Decided: February 23, 1903
Messrs .William A. Meloy and George F. Hoar for plaintiffs in error.
Messrs. J. J. Darlington and R. B. Behrend for defendants in error.
Mr. Justice Brewer delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Leach v. Carlile

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Wendell Holmes, Jr.
United States Supreme Court
258 U.S. 138
Leach v. Carlile
Argued: Jan. 18, 1922. --- Decided: Feb 27, 1922
Mr. Lee D. Mathias, of Chicago, Ill., for appellant.
Messrs. Assistant Attorney General Crim, Solicitor General James M. Beck, and Harry S. Ridgely, both of Washington, D. C., for appellee.
Mr. Justice CLARKE delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Lead Industries Association v. EPA

* related portals: United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
* Court Documents
* Opinion of the Court
* 647 F.2d 1130
* LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, INC., PETITIONER
* v.
* ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, RESPONDENT BUNKER HILL COMPANY, INTERVENOR; ST. JOE MINERALS CORPORATION, PETITIONER v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, RESPONDENT BUNKER HILL COMPANY, INTERVENOR
* No. Nos. 78-2201, 78-2220
* United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit.
* November 7, 1979, Argued
* June 27, 1980, Decided
* Certiorari Denied December 8, 1980. See 101 S. Ct. 621.
Petitions to Review Action of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
Edwin H. Seeger, Washington, D. C., with whom Gary M. Welsh and Richard T. Witt, Washington, D. C., were on the brief, for petitioner in No. 78-2201 and for intervenor in both cases.
Robert A. Emmett, Washington, D. C., with whom John McN. Cramer, Washington, D. C., was on the brief, for petitioner in No. 78-2220.
James N. Cahan, Atty., Environmental Protection Agency, and Michael P. Carlton, Atty., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D. C., with whom Sanford Sagalkin, Acting Asst. Atty. Gen., Angus MacBeth, Atty., Dept. of Justice, Joan Z. Bernstein, Gen. Counsel, Environmental Protection Agency, and Gerald K. Gleason, Deputy Associate Gen. Counsel, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C., were on the brief, for respondent. James W. Moorman, Atty., Dept. of Justice, and Jeffrey O. Cerar, Atty., Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C., also entered appearances for respondent.
David Schoenbrod, Washington, D. C., for amici curiae Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. et al. urging affirmance in both cases.
Kathleen W. Mikkelson, Deputy Atty. Gen., State of California, San Francisco, Cal., was on the brief for amicus curiae Air Resources Board, State of California, urging affirmance in both cases.
Before WRIGHT, Chief Judge, and ROBINSON and MacKINNON, Circuit judges.Opinion for the court filed by Chief Judge J. SKELLY WRIGHT.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Letter to the Community in Essex

A pastoral exhortation/sermon, possibly written in Spring 1381, preserved in the British Library, Royal MS 13.E.ix folio 287R
Littera Johannis Balle missa communibus Essexiae
Johon Schep, som tyme Seynte Marie prest of York, and now of Colchestre, greteth wel Johan Nameles, and Johan the Mullere, and Johon Cartere, and biddeth hem that thei bee war of gyle in borugh, and stondeth togidre in Godes name, and biddeth Peres Ploughman go to his werk, and chastise wel Hobbe the Robbere, and taketh with yow Johan Trewman and all hiis felawes, and no mo, and loke schappe you to on heved, and no mo.
Johan the Mullere hath ygrounde smal, smal, smal The Kynges sone of hevene schal pay for al. Be war or ye be wo; Knoweth your freend fro your foo. Haveth ynow, and seith "Hoo!" And do wel and bettre, and fleth synne, And seketh pees, and hold you therinne. And so biddeth Johan Trewman and alle his felawes
(Modern English) Littera Johannis Balle missa communibus Essexiae ("Letter of John Ball to the mass commons of Essex")
Johon Schep [a coded reference to Ball himself], some time Saint Mary priest of York, and now of Colchester, greeteth well Johan Nameless, and Johan the Miller, and Johon Cartere, and biddeth them that they be ware of guile in borough, and standeth together in Gods name, and biddeth Peres Plowman go to his work, and chastise well Hobbe the Robber, and taketh with you Johan Trueman and all his fellows, and no more, and look shape you to on heaved, and no more.
Johan the Miller hath yground small, small, small
The Kings son of heaven shall pay for all [a reminder of the Christian doctrine that says Jesus's sacrificial death on the cross redeems everyone, presumably including common people who are fed up and on the verge of making political trouble] Be ware or ye be woe Knoweth your friend fro your foe. Haveth enough, and saith 'Ho!'. And do well and better, and fleeth sin, And seeketh peace, and hold you therein [that is: keep the peace] And so biddeth Johan Trueman and all his fellows
# Letter to the Danbury Baptists

Library of Congress
To messers. Nehemiah Dodge, Ephraim Robbins, & Stephen S. Nelson, a committee of the Danbury Baptist association in the state of Connecticut.
Gentlemen
The affectionate sentiments of esteem and approbation which you are so good as to express towards me, on behalf of the Danbury Baptist association, give me the highest satisfaction. my duties dictate a faithful and zealous pursuit of the interests of my constituents, & in proportion as they are persuaded of my fidelity to those duties, the discharge of them becomes more and more pleasing.
Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man & his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, & not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should "make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof," thus building a wall of separation between Church & State. Adhering to this expression of the supreme will of the nation in behalf of the rights of conscience, I shall see with sincere satisfaction the progress of those sentiments which tend to restore to man all his natural rights, convinced he has no natural right in opposition to his social duties.
I reciprocate your kind prayers for the protection & blessing of the common father and creator of man, and tender you for yourselves & your religious association, assurances of my high respect & esteem.
Th Jefferson Jan. 1. 1802
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Letter to the Editor 1

Originally appearing in The Nashville American, October 8, 1908.
To the Editor of The American:
The Hon. G. Newton Tillman, Republican candidate for Governor, is, doubtless, a most excellent gentleman and astute politician, but he is following a mighty cold trail when he seeks by drag-net tactics to corral the prohibition Democrats of Tennessee and gather the aforesaid and the same into his sheepfold. If there is one convincing reason why any Democrat should sulk in the bushes or go whooping around with a butcher knife up his sleeve for the party platform and nominee, it has not been dragged into notice up to date.
A microscopic examination of the editorial columns of the great moral and religious daily, the Nashville Tennessean, reveals a faint trace of psychological hysteria that finds expression in a hypocritical tendency to kick because the people got what they voted for, and this mental bias has a wonderfully striking resemblance to the predominant strain running through the gentle prattle of the Hon. G. Newton Tillman when he waves himself oratorically from the rostrum.
In other words, the Republican candidate seems to have gone to Mr. Carmack's paper as the arsenal from which to draw his weapons of attack. His second "opening speech" the other day reads like a warmed over rehash of Tennessean editorials. That Mr. Carmack should be furnishing the literary pabulum of the present Republican campaign is a dimple of deliciousness calculated to upset the gravity of a wooden Indian doing duty as a tobacco sign.
Gov. Patterson stands today as the worthy standard-bearer of his party. His administration has been most successful and illustrious. He is one of the greatest Governors of Tennessee. He is an intellectual giant—the equal of any man in Tennessee—the peer of any man in the Republican party. In the fierce blast of bitter and ungenerous criticism with which he has been assailed, he has stood unmoved, firm as Gibraltar for the right, a brave and consciencious public servant. For Democrats to desert him now would be as though an army deserted its commander on the field of battle.
A great political struggle is in progress. The people, under the splendid leadership of the magnificent Bryan, are battling to wrench the National Government from the clutch of corporate control. The light of victory is shining upon the banner of united Democracy. Borne upon every breeze are tidings of cheer that prophesy a glorious triumph for the Democracy of Jefferson. Only from the editorial sanctum of the whiskerless knight of the ruffled feather is there a discordant strain. As for Tillman, the coffin is made, the funeral arrangements are perfected and the grave yawns.
# Letter to the Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club

Sent to the Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club in San Francisco, CA on 1 June 2008.
| “ | Dear Friends, Thank you for the opportunity to welcome everyone to the Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club's Pride Breakfast and to congratulate you on continuing a legacy of success, stretching back thirty-six years. As one of the oldest and most influential LGBT organizations in the country, you have continually rallied to support Democratic candidates and causes, and have fought tirelessly to secure equal rights and opportunities for LGBT Americans in California and throughout the country. As the Democratic nominee for President, I am proud to join with and support the LGBT community in an effort to set our nation on a course that recognizes LGBT Americans with full equality under the law. That is why I support extending fully equal rights and benefits to same sex couples under both state and federal law. That is why I support repealing the Defense of Marriage Act and the "Don't Ask Don't Tell" policy, and the passage of laws to protect LGBT Americans from hate crimes and employment discrimination. And that is why I oppose the divisive and discriminatory efforts to amend the California Constitution, and similar efforts to amend the U.S. Constitution or those of other states. For too long, issues of LGBT rights have been exploited by those seeking to divide us. It's time to move beyond polarization and live up to our founding promise of equality by treating all our citizens with dignity and respect. This is no less than a core issue about who we are as Democrats and as Americans. Finally, I want to congratulate all of you who have shown your love for each other by getting married these last few weeks. My thanks again to the Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club for allowing me to be a part of today's celebration. I look forward to working with you in the coming months and years, and I wish you all continued success. Sincerely, Barack Obama | ” |
# Letter to the Editor - Sudar Oli - 6 June 2008

From http://www.peaceinsrilanka.org/peace2005/Insidepage/SCOPPDaily_Report/SCOPP_report060608.asp: The Official Website of the Secretariat for Coordinating the Peace Process (SCOPP)
SCOPP/SG/1. 5th June 2008
The Editor
Sudar Oli
85, Jayantha Mallimarachchi Mawatha
COLOMBO 14.
Dear Sir,
I write with reference to your editorial of June 3rd, in which you have misrepresented the views expressed by our ambassador in Geneva, Dr Dayan Jayatilleka. I am particularly worried because such distortion will not help the peace process, in which I am sure you will agree that it is the needs of our Tamil citizens that must be addressed, not those of the LTTE, unless they coincide.
Though your attempts to assert the rights of Tamils is admirable, it would be useful if you worked together with all those concerned with these, rather than assuming that the words Tamil and Tigers are the same. In your criticism of what Dr Jayatilleke said, you have made this assumption. It is of course conceivable that you believe that weakening the LTTE amounts to weakening the Tamils, but this is not self-evident, and you should therefore make this point separately and justify it.
As you must be aware, Dr Jayatilleka fought for the rights of Tamils when it was not fashionable to do so, and when the artificially extended government of the eighties, with the full support of the so-called international community of the time, provided full support to the perpetrators of the atrocities of 1981 and 1983. When the Tigers turned against India, which had tried to amend the situation first peaceably and then through force, they may have asserted their unique nature, but to subscribe to their practices without question is unworthy of a paper such as yours. As such, your confusion of Dr Jayatilleka's comments about the LTTE with the assertion that he thought Tamils should be weakened is reprehensible, and should be withdrawn.
I hope that, as the LTTE shows itself opposed not only to all those brave Tamils who have expressed different ideas, whether of TULF or TELO or EPDP or EPRLF or PLOTE or TMVP, but also to members of the LTTE who express different perspectives, you will realize that the cause of Tamils can be best served by subscribing to pluralistic democratic politics rather than fanatical totalitarianism. Please therefore publish this letter in full, so that Tamil readers can work out how they might best ensure that their democratic rights are obtained - I suspect you will find that more subscribe to Dr Jayatilleka's perspective than the limited one your editorial enunciates.
Yours sincerely,
Prof. Rajiva Wijesinha
Secretary General.
# Letter to the Editor 2

Originally appearing in The Nashville American, October 8, 1908.
To the Editor of The American:
I have often wondered why the State flag of Tennessee is not displayed from the Capital, especially when the General Assembly is in session. I understand that Tennessee has a flag, but I do not remember to have seen it anywhere, and I do not believe that there are many Tennesseans who are even aware that their State has a flag. During the State Fair, among all the flags and bunting with which the city was decorated, I looked in vain for the State flag.
Many of the States of the Union have flags. In Texas the tricolor with the lone star floats from the State Capital, the proud emblem of the sovereignty of the great empire Commonwealth of the far Southwest. It also appears everywhere upon occasions when decorations are used.
A flag is the emblem of sovereignty. It symbolizes the character and dignity of the State or Nation it represents. The use of a State flag serves to preserve in the minds of the people the idea of State sovereignty. Every Tennessean who has State pride and who desires to see his state preserve its independence should encourage the use of the State flag on every occasion where its display is appropriate.
In conclusion, allow me to suggest that proper steps should be taken to provide for the display of the flag of Tennessee from the State Capital and the City Hall, to remind the people that Tennessee is not merely a province of a consolidated State, but is itself a sovereign State of a Federal Union.
# Justices Protection Act 1803

* related portals: United Kingdom.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: Official text of the statute as amended and in force today within the United Kingdom, from the UK Statute Law Database
43 George III, c. 141 (U.K.)
An Act to render Justices of the Peace more safe in the Execution of their Duty.
[Assented to 11th August, 1803.]
Whereas it is expedient that justices of the peace in Great Britain and Ireland respectively, who by virtue of divers Acts of Parliament in force in the United Kingdom are authorized and required to convict persons of sundry offences in a summary way, should be rendered more safe in the execution of such their duty:
1. In all actions whatsoever which shall at any time after the passing of this Act be brought against any justice or justices of the peace in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, for or on account of any conviction by him or them had or made under or by virtue of any Act or Acts of Parliament in force in the said United Kingdom, or for or by reason of any act, matter, or thing whatsoever, done or commanded to be done by such justice or justices for the levying of any penalty, apprehending any party, or for or about the carrying of any such conviction into effect, in case such conviction shall have been quashed, the plaintiff or plaintiffs in such action or actions, besides the value and amount of the penalty or penalties which may have been levied upon the said plaintiff or plaintiffs, in case any levy thereof shall have been made, shall not be entitled to recover any more or greater damages than the sum of twopence, nor any costs of suit whatsoever, unless it shall be expressly alleged in the declaration in the action wherein the recovery shall be had, and which shall be in an action upon the case only, that such acts were done maliciously and without any reasonable and probable cause.
2. And such plaintiff shall not be entitled to recover against such justice any penalty which shall have been levied, nor any damages or costs whatsoever, in case such justice shall prove at the trial that such plaintiff was guilty of the offence whereof he had been convicted, or on account of which he had been apprehended or had otherwise suffered, and that he had undergone no greater punishment than was assigned by law to such offence.
This work is in the public domain worldwide because it is one of the following types of legislation in the United Kingdom or its predecessor states, and received Royal Assent or the approval of HM in Council (as applicable) before 1974:
* Act of Parliament
* Act of the Scottish Parliament
* Measure of the National Assembly for Wales
* Act of Senedd Cymru (formerly known as an Act of the National Assembly for Wales)
* Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly
* Measure of the General Synod of the Church of England
See section 164 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (as amended).
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# Justices Oaths Act 1766

Source: The Statutes, Second Revised Edition: Volume 2. London. The Stationery Office. 1889.
AN ACT for obviating Doubts which have arisen with respect to so much of an Act made in the First Year of the Reign of His Present Majesty, intituled (An Act to amend an Act passed in the Eighteenth Year of the Reign of King George the Second, concerning the Qualifications of Justices of the Peace, and for other Purposes therein mentioned), as directs the taking of certain Oaths by Justices of the Peace on the issuing of any new Commission of the Peace.
WHEREAS doubts have arisen with respect to the construction of so much of an Act made in the first year of the reign of his present Majesty, intituled (An Act to amend an Act passed in the eighteenth year of the reign of King George the Second, concerning the qualification of justices of the peace, and for other purposes therein mentioned), as relates to the taking of certain oaths by justices of the peace on the issuing of new commissions of the peace: Be it therefore enacted and declared by the King's most excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that all persons who have been or shall be appointed justices of the peace by any commission or commissions granted or to be granted by his present Majesty, and have taken and subscribed or shall take and subscribe the oaths mentioned in the said Act made in the first year of his present Majesty's reign, and all persons who shall be appointed justices of the peace by any commission or commissions which shall be granted after his Majesty's demise by any of his successors, Kings or Queens of this realm, and shall have, after the issuing of the first commission, whereby such persons shall be appointed justices of the peace in the reign of any such King or Queen, taken and subscribed the said oaths, shall not be obliged, during the reign of his present Majesty or during any future reign in which such oaths shall have been so taken and subscribed as aforesaid, to take and subscribe the same oaths for or by reason of such persons being again appointed justices of the peace by any subsequent commission or commissions which shall be granted during any such reign, and shall not incur any penalty or forfeiture for the not taking or subscribing the said oaths.
This work is in the public domain worldwide because it was created by a public body of the United Kingdom with Crown Status and commercially published before 1974.
See Crown copyright artistic works, Crown copyright non-artistic works and List of Public Bodies with Crown Status.
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