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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Manning, Henry Edward

Manning, Henry Edward (1808-1892). -- Cardinal and theologian. B. at Totteridge, Herts, and ed. at Harrow and Oxf., where he became notable as an eloquent preacher, and as one of the ablest of the Tractarian party. He was rector of Woollavington-cum-Graffham 1833, and Archdeacon of Chichester 1840. In 1851 he entered the Church of Rome, in which he attached himself to the Ultramontane party. More even than Newman he was the leading spirit of the Roman Church in England. His writings consist of sermons, of which he pub. several vols. before his secession from the Church of England, and controversial works, including Petri Privilegium (1871), The Vatican Decrees (1875), in answer to Gladstone's Vaticanism, and The Eternal Priesthood (1883). He became Roman Catholic Archbishop of Westminster 1865, and Cardinal 1875.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mansel, Henry Longueville

Mansel, Henry Longueville (1820-1871). -- Metaphysician, s. of a clergyman, was b. at Cosgrave, Northamptonshire, page 258and ed. at Merchant Taylors' School and Oxf. He took orders, was Reader in Theology at Magdalen Coll. 1855, Bampton Lecturer 1858, Prof. of Ecclesiastical History 1867, and Dean of St. Paul's 1869. Among his writings are Prolegomena Logica (1851), The Limits of Demonstrative Science (1853), Man's Conception of Eternity (1854), Limits of Religious Thought (1858), Philosophy of the Conditioned (1866). He was also joint ed. of Sir. W. Hamilton's Lectures.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Map, or Mapes, Walter de

Map, or Mapes, Walter de (fl. 1200). -- Ecclesiastical statesman and romancist. Most of the facts about him are gleaned from his De Nugis Curialium (Of the Trifles of the Courtiers), a miscellany of contemporary notes and anecdotes, throwing much light on the manners and opinions of the Court of Henry II. He was b. probably in Herefordshire, and had Celtic blood in his veins, his f. had rendered service to the King, and he had studied at Paris, and on his return attended the Court, where he found favour, and obtained preferment both in Church and State, and in 1173 was a travelling justice. Thereafter he attended the King, probably as chaplain, on his foreign wars, represented him at the French Court, and went to Rome to the Lateran Council of 1179. After the death of Henry II. he seems to have continued in favour under Richard I. and John, and was Archdeacon of Oxf. in 1196. M. is the reputed author of some at least of the Golias poems, rough satires on the vices of the clergy, but his great work, which has influenced the future of English literature, was his systematising and spiritualising the Arthurian legends with additions of his own, including the legends of Launcelot, of the Quest of the Holy Grail, and of the Morte d' Arthur.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Markham, Gervase

Markham, Gervase (1568?-1637). -- Translator and miscellaneous writer, served as a soldier in the Low Countries and Ireland. Retiring into civil life about 1593 he displayed extraordinary industry as a translator, compiler, and original writer. Among his original writings are a poem on the Revenge (1595) (Sir R. Grenville's ship), a continuation of Sidney's Arcadia, The Discourse of Horsemanshippe (1593), The Young Sportsman's Instructor, Country Contentments (1611), and various books on agriculture; also plays and poems, some of the latter of which are religious.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mannyng, Robert, or Robert De Brunne

See works by Robert Mannyng on Wikisource
Mannyng, Robert, or Robert De Brunne (fl. 1288-1338). -- Was a Canon of the Gilbertine Order. His work, Handlynge Sinne (c. 1300), translated with original additions from the Manuel des Péchés, a book written in French verse by William of Waddington, is practically a collection of tales and short stories on the Commandments, Seven Deadly Sins, Sacraments, etc., and is of value as giving a contemporary picture of the time. He also made (c. 1335) a translation in verse of the French Chronicle of Peter Langtoft, the second and more interesting part of which covers the period from the death of Cadwallader to the end of the reign of Edward I.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Marmion, Shackerley

Marmion, Shackerley (1603-1639). -- Dramatist, s. of a country gentleman of Northamptonshire, was ed. at Oxford. After a youth of extravagance, he fought in the Low Countries. His writings consist of an epic, Cupid and Psyche, and three comedies, Holland's Leaguer, A Fair Companion, and The Antiquary. His plays show some power of satire, and were popular, but he had little of the dramatist.
# Ainslee's Magazine/Foreign Exchange

* information about this edition.
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Extracted from Ainslee's magazine, 1910 Sept, pp. 1–48. Adapted from “the celebrated play by Arthur Dudley Hall.”
Foreign Exchange
By Booth Tarkington AND Harry Leon Wilson
Adapted from the celebrated play by Arthur Dudley Hall
* Chapter I 1
* Chapter II 6
* Chapter III 12
* Chapter IV 16
* Chapter V 21
* Chapter VI 28
* Chapter VII 33
* Chapter VIII 39
* Chapter IX 44
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1946, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 77 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyck, Thomas

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyck, Thomas (or Huyc), of Merton Coll.; B.C.L. 25 June, 1554, D.C.L. 16 July, 1554, an original fellow of Jesus Coll. 1571, canon of St. David's 1551, and rector of Buckland Dinham, Somerset, 1551-4, an advocate of Doctors' Commons 8 Oct., 1554, chancellor diocese of London 1561-74; died in London 1575. See Foster's Index Eccl.; Gutch, i. 569; Fasti, i. 143; & Coote's Civilians, 41.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyck, William

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyck, William; B.A. 19 Feb., 1532-3, M.A. 18 June, 1537.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyshe, James (1)

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyshe, James, of London, gent. Gloucester Hall, matric. 30 April, 1602, aged 14.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huysh

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huysh, See also Huish.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyshe, James (2)

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyshe, James, 1s. Rowland, of Sidbury, Devon, arm. Exeter Coll., matric. 13 Dec., 1622, aged 16; of Sand, Devon, espoused the royal cause and compounded for his estate, etc.; baptised at Sidbury 2 May, 1604, and buried there 26 May, 1681.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyshe, Joh.

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyshe, Joh., of Broadgates Hall 1586. See Hushe.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Hyatt

From volume 2 of the work.
​Hyatt. See Hyett.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huyck, Robert

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huyck, Robert (Huycke or Huic); B.A. (sup. 23 Oct.), 1528, fellow Merton Coll. 1530 from Berks, M.A. 19 (? Feb.), 1532-3, D.Med. of Cambridge 1538, incorporated 6 Sept., 1566, principal of St. Alban Hall 10 March, 153⅘-6, fellow of college of physicians 1536, president 155½-64; physician to Henry VIII. and Queen Katharine Parr, physician extraordinary to Edward VI. 1550, physician to Queen Elizabeth, M.P. Wootton Bassett 1547-52, licenced 2 Nov., 1575, to marry Mary Woodcocke, spinster, of city of London. See Fasti, i. 175; Cooper, i. 244, 554; O.H.S. iv. 256; D.N.B.; Munk's Roll, i. 32; & London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huys, Thomas

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huys, Thomas; D.Med. from Merton Coll. 1548; see Hughes.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714/Huysh, James

From volume 2 of the work.
​Huysh, James, s. James (4to.), of Sidbury, Devon, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 16 June, 1708, aged 19; of Sand, Devon, baptised 25 June, 1689, died in 1724, will proved at Exeter 4 June, 1725.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Maxwell, William Hamilton

Maxwell, William Hamilton (1792-1850). -- Novelist, a Scoto-Irishman, b. at Newry, and ed. at Trinity Coll., Dublin, entered the army, and saw service in the Peninsula, and at Waterloo. Afterwards he took orders, but was deprived of his living for non-residence. His novels, O'Hara, and Stories from Waterloo, started the school of rollicking military fiction, which culminated in the novels of Lever. M. also wrote a Life of the Duke of Wellington, and a History of the Irish Rebellion.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/May, Sir Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Farnborough

May, Sir Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Farnborough (1815-1886). -- Jurist and historian, ed. at Bedford School, and after page 266holding various minor offices became in 1871 clerk to the House of Commons, retiring in 1886, when he was raised to the peerage. He had previously, 1866, been made K.C.B. He was the author of a treatise on the laws, privileges, etc., of Parliament, which, first pub. in 1844, reached in 1901 its tenth ed., and was translated into various languages. His Constitutional History of England, 1760-1860 is practically a continuation of Hallam's great work. He also wrote Democracy in Europe. As an historical writer M. was learned, painstaking, and impartial.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/May, Thomas

May, Thomas (1595-1650). -- Poet and historian, b. in Sussex, s. of Sir Thomas M., of Mayfield, went to Camb., and thence to Gray's Inn, but discarded law for literature. In 1622 he produced his first comedy, The Heir, and also a translation of Virgil's Georgics. Six years later, 1627, appeared his translation of Lucan, which gained him the favour of Charles I. at whose command he wrote two poems, The Reigne of King Henry II., and The Victorious Reigne of King Edward III., each in 7 books. When the Civil War broke out M., to the disappointment of his friends, took the side of the Parliament, and was made Sec. to the Long Parliament, the historian of which he became, pub. 1647, The History of the Parliament of England, which began Nov. 3, 1640. This work he prefaced with a short review of the preceding reigns from that of Elizabeth. The narrative closes with the Battle of Newbury, 1643, and is characterised by fulness of information and candour. M. was also the author of several tragedies, including Antigone, of no great merit.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mather, Cotton

Mather, Cotton (1663-1728). -- Divine, s. of Increase M., a leading American divine, was ed. at Harvard, became a minister, and was colleague to his f. He was laborious, able, and learned, but extremely bigoted and self-sufficient. He carried on a persecution of so-called "witches," which led to the shedding of much innocent blood; on the other hand he was so much of a reformer as to advocate inoculation for small-pox. He was a copious author, his chief work being Magnalia Christi Americana (1702), an ecclesiastical history of New England. Others were Late Memorable Providences relating to Witchcraft and Possession (1689), and The Wonders of the Invisible World (1693). In his later years he admitted that "he had gone too far" in his crusade against witches.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Mathias, Thomas James

Mathias, Thomas James (1754?-1835). -- Satirist, ed. at Camb., and held some minor appointments in the Royal household. He was an accomplished Italian scholar, and made various translations from the English into Italian, and vice versâ. He also produced a fine ed. of Gray, on which he lost heavily. His chief work, however, was The Pursuits of Literature (1794), an undiscriminating satire on his literary contemporaries which went through 16 ed., but is now almost forgotten.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Maturin, Charles Robert

Maturin, Charles Robert (1782-1824). -- Novelist, b. in Dublin of Huguenot ancestry, was ed. at Trinity Coll. there, and taking orders held various benefices. He was the author of a few dramas, one of which, Bertram, had some success. He is, perhaps, better known for his romances in the style of Mrs. Radcliffe and "Monk" Lewis. The first of these, The Fatal Revenge appeared in 1807, and was followed by, among others, The Milesian Chief (1812), Women, which was the most successful, and lastly by Melmoth, in which he outdoes his models in the mysterious, the horrible, and indeed the revolting, without, except very occasionally, reaching their power. His last work, The Albigenses, in a somewhat different style, was pub. in the year of his death.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Maurice, Frederick Denison

Maurice, Frederick Denison (1805-1872). -- Divine, s. of a Unitarian minister, was b. at Normanston, near Lowestoft, and studied at Camb., but being then a Dissenter, could not graduate. He went to London, and engaged in literary work, writing for the Westminster Review and other periodicals, and for a short time ed. the Athenæum. His theological views having changed, he joined the Church of England, went to Oxf., graduated, and was ordained 1834. He became Chaplain to Guy's Hospital, and held other clerical positions in London. In 1840 he was appointed Prof. ofpage 265 English Literature and History at King's Coll., and subsequently Prof. of Theology. He became a leader among the Christian socialists, and for a short time ed. their paper. On the publication of his Theological Essays in 1853 he was asked to resign his professorship at King's Coll. In 1854 he was one of the founders of the Working Men's Coll., of which he became Principal, and in 1866 he was made Prof. of Moral Philosophy at Camb. Among his writings are The Religions of the World and their Relation to Christianity, Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy, The Prophets and Kings of the Old Testament (1853), The Doctrine of Sacrifice, and Theological Essays. M.'s style was copious, and was often blamed as obscure; nevertheless, he exercised an extraordinary influence over some of the best minds of his time by the originality of his views, and the purity and elevation of his character.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Max-Muller, Friedrich

Max-Muller, Friedrich (1823-1900). -- Philologist, s. of the German poet, Wilhelm M., was b. at Dessau, and ed. at Leipzig, Berlin, and Paris. In 1846 he was requested by the East India Company to ed. the Rig Veda. He settled at Oxf. in 1848, and in 1850 was appointed deputy Taylorian Prof. of Modern European languages, becoming Prof. 4 years later, and Curator of the Bodleian Library in 1856. In 1868 he was elected first Prof. of Comparative Philology. He ed. Sacred Books of the East, and wrote in English Chips from a German Workshop (1867-75). He did much to stimulate the study of comparative religion and philology. He was made a Privy Councillor in 1896.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Massinger, Philip

Massinger, Philip (1583-1640). -- Dramatist, was probably b. at Salisbury. His f. appears to have been a retainer of the Earl of Pembroke, by whom and by Queen Elizabeth he was employed in a confidential capacity. M. was at Oxf., but quitted the Univ. suddenly without graduating. He is next found in London writing for the stage, frequently in collaboration with others. Few details of his life have come down, but it seems that he was on the whole unfortunate. He was found dead in bed on March 16, 1640, and was buried in St. Saviour's, Southwark, by some of the actors. The burial register has the entry, "buried Philip Massinger, a stranger." Of the many plays which he wrote or had a hand in, 15 believed to be entirely his are extant, other 8 were burned by a servant in the 18th century. He, however, collaborated so much with others -- Fletcher, Dekker, etc., that much fine work probably his can only be identified by internal evidence. Among his plays may be mentioned The Unnatural Combat (pr. 1639), The Virgin Martyr (1622) (partly by Dekker), which contains perhaps his finest writing. His best plays on the whole, however, are The City Madam (1632), and A New Way to pay Old Debts (pr. 1633), which latter kept the stage until the 19th century. He is believed to have joined with Fletcher and Shakespeare in Henry VIII. and The Two Noble Kinsmen. Other plays which he wrote or had a hand in are The Duke of Milan, The Bondman, The Renegado, The Roman Actor, The Great Duke of Florence, The Maid of Honour, The Picture, and The Fatal Dowry. His verse is fluent and sweet, and in his grave and reflective passages he rises to a rich and stately music. He often repeats himself, has little humour, and is not seldom coarse. He has, however, much skill in the construction and working out of a story.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Masson, David

Masson, David (1822-1907). -- Biographer and historian, b. at Aberdeen, and ed. at Marischal Coll. there and at Edin., where he studied theology under Chalmers. He did not, however, enter the Church, but began a literary career by ed. a newspaper in Aberdeen. He then returned to Edin., where he worked for the brothers Chambers, the eminent publishers, and where he became acquainted with Wilson, Sir William Hamilton, and Chalmers, for the last of whom he cherished an extraordinary veneration. Going to London in 1847 he wrote extensively in reviews, magazines, and encyclopædias. In 1852 he became Prof. of English Literature in Univ. Coll., and in 1858 ed. of Macmillan's Magazine. He was appointed in 1865 Prof. of English Literature in Edin., where he exercised a profound influence on his students, many of whom have risen to high positions in literature. Though a most laborious student and man of letters, M. took a warm interest in various public questions, including Italian emancipation, and the higher education of women. He was the author of many important works, including Essays Biographical and Critical (1856), British Novelists (1859), and Recent British Philosophy (1865). His magnum opus is his monumental Life of John Milton (6 vols., 1859-80) the most complete biography of any Englishman, dealing as it does not only with the personal life of the poet, but with the history, political, social, and religious of his page 264time. Other books are Drummond of Hawthornden (1873), De Quincey (in English Men of Letters Series) (1878), Edinburgh Sketches and Memories (1892), and Carlyle Personally and in his Writings. He also ed. the standard ed. of De Quincey's works, and the Register of the Privy Council of Scotland, his introductions in connection with which are of great historical value. He was appointed Historiographer for Scotland in 1893. M. was full of learning guided by sagacity, genial, broad-minded, and sane in his judgments of men and things, and thoroughly honest and sincere.
# Alstate Construction Company v. Durkin/Dissent Douglas

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Douglas
United States Supreme Court
345 U.S. 13
Alstate Construction Company v. Durkin
Argued: Feb. 2, 3, 1953. --- Decided: March 9, 1953
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS, with whom Mr. Justice FRANKFURTER concurs, dissenting.
The Court reasons that if the man who is building or repairing an interstate highway is 'engaged in commerce', the one who carries cement and gravel to him from a nearby pit is 'engaged * * * in the production of goods for commerce'. Yet if that is true, how about the men who produce the tools for those who carry the cement and gravel or those who furnish the materials to make the tools used in producing the cement and gravel? Each would be essential to the highway worker 'engaged in commerce'. Yet the circle gets amazingly large once we say that 'the production of goods for commerce' includes the 'production of goods for those engaged in commerce.' Cf. McLeod v. Threlkeld, 319 U.S. 491, 63 S.Ct. 1248, 87 L.Ed. 1538.
A person who is maintaining or repairing interstate transportation facilities is 'engaged in commerce'. Overstreet v. North Shore Corp., 318 U.S. 125, 63 S.Ct. 494, 496, 87 L.Ed. 656. A person who is creating articles destined for the channels of interstate commerce and all others who have such a close and immediate connection with the process as to be an essential or necessary part of it are engaged in 'the production of goods for commerce'. See Kirschbaum Co. v. Walling, 316 U.S. 517, 62 S.Ct. 1116, 1120, 86 L.Ed. 1638. If those who serve those 'engaged in commerce' are also included, a large measure of cases affecting commerce are brought into the Act. Yet the history of the Act shows that no such extension of the federal domain was intended. See Kirschbaum Co. v. Walling, supra, 316 U.S. at pages 522-523, 62 S.Ct. at pages 1119-1120. If those whose activities are necessary or essential to support those who are 'engaged in commerce' are to be brought under the Act, I think an amendment of the Act would be necessary.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Alsop v. Riker

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
155 U.S. 448
Alsop v. Riker
Geo. W. Wingate and John M. Bowers, for Alsop and others.
Andrew J. Riker, in pro. per.
Mr. Justice HARLAN delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alsop v. Helvering/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
302 U.S. 767
Alsop v. Helvering
For opinion below, see Alsop v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 92 F.2d 148.
Petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit denied.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alstate Construction Company v. Durkin

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Douglas
United States Supreme Court
345 U.S. 13
Alstate Construction Company v. Durkin
Argued: Feb. 2, 3, 1953. --- Decided: March 9, 1953
Mr. S. A. Schreckengaust, Jr., Harrisburg, Pa., for petitioner.
Miss Bessie Margolin, Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alsop v. Helvering

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
302 U.S. 767
Alsop v. Helvering
Mr. R. T. M. McCready, of Pittsburgh, Pa., for petitioner.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alpine Flowers

* The Alpine Flowers, in Poems, 1827
* Alpine Flowers, in Voice of FLowers, 1846
# Alphonso of Castile

I, Alphonso, live and learn
* Alphonso of Castile in Poems (1847)
* Alphonso of Castile in Poems (Household Edition, 1904)