OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New Student's Reference Work/Press, Freedom of the

See also Freedom of the press on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Press, Free′dom of the, is the right of every citizen to print whatever he chooses. The right, however, does not prevent his being amenable to justice for abuse of this liberty. In the early history of the press no such right was recognized, but the Roman Catholic church first originated censorship of the press. In 1515 that church formally decreed that no publication should be issued from any place over which it had jurisdiction without the written sanction of the bishop of the diocese. This policy of censorship was soon taken up by the civil authorities of the various states in continental Europe, and until very recent times it was an established rule that a free press was incompatible with an absolute government. While no censorship now exists in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden or Switzerland, the press-laws in some of these countries are very rigid. In Spain, Germany and France the right is claimed and exercised of summarily suppressing publications deemed obnoxious to public peace and security. In France there is no constitutional guarantee in behalf of the freedom of the press. The constitutions of Switzerland and Prussia contain such guarantee, but empower the legislatures to place restrictions, which in some cases are very severe. In Russia the censorship of the press is still severe and arbitrary. In England, after a long and severe struggle, almost complete freedom of the press now prevails. Actual censorship was discontinued in 1694, but real freedom did not come for a century later. At present the only restriction upon the English press, except in cases of libelous matter, is the common-law rule that the publication of anything against the constitution of the country or the established system of government is an indictable offense. The American colonies suffered with the mother-country, but after their overthrowing English authority the principle of freedom of the press was proclaimed, and incorporated in the first state constitutions; a rule which all succeeding states without exception have followed. This freedom of course carries with it a degree of responsibility for any abuse of such liberty, but this responsibility has not rested heavily on newspaper men. The great freedom with which newspapers criticise and often ridicule government officials, especially by means of pictures and cartoons, has sometimes led to something of a reaction in favor of more stringent libel laws. The constitution of the United States prohibits Congress from passing any law abridging the freedom of the press, yet there is one instance of such legislation.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pressburg

See also Bratislava on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Press′burg, a town of Hungary, stands on the left bank of the Danube, 40 miles by rail from Vienna and close to the Austrian frontier. Its principal buildings are the cathedral, in which the kings of Hungary used to be crowned, the town-house and the parliament-house. The chief manufactures are beer, dynamite, wire, starch, spirits and confectionery. Pressburg or, to give it the Hungarian name, Pozsony was a prominent town during the 11th and 12th centuries, and was frequently chosen for conferences and meetings between the rulers of Austria and Hungary. From 1541 to 1784 it was the capital of Hungary. Pressburg also is the capital of the province of Pressburg. Population of the city 65,867.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pressure Gauge

See also the disclaimer.
​Pressure Gauge. See Manometer.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Prescott, William Hickling

See also William H. Prescott on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Prescott, William Hickling, a distinguished American historian, was born at Salem, Mass., May 4, 1796, and graduated at Harvard College in 1814. During his college-course his left eye was put out by a piece of bread playfully thrown by a fellow-student, and the other eye was soon sympathetically affected, so that he was obliged to live for many months in a darkened room. He next traveled in England, France and Italy, married in 1820, and abandoned the study of law for literature, devoting himself to intense study, although able to use his eye only a portion of the time. His first studies were in Italian literature; and it was not until 1826 that he entered on the work of his life,—the study of Spanish history. After laboring with great patience for years, in 1838 he issued his History of Ferdinand and Isabella, which at once gave him a brilliant reputation in America and also in Europe, and was translated into French, Spanish and German. In 1843 he published The Conquest of Mexico and in 1847 The Conquest of Peru. In 1855 he published two volumes of The History of Philip II, but before the third volume was completed he died of apoplexy at Boston, Jan. 28, 1859. Prescott's style alone would have given him great popularity; and to this day he is without a rival for clear and vigorous narrative and sustained ​power of color. He cannot be called a philosophical historian; modern investigation and discovery have corrected much in his picture of precolumbian American culture; but he is a master of narrative and incident, and there is not a dull passage in all his works. See his Life by George Ticknor.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Press

See also the disclaimer.
​Press. See Printing.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pressure

See also Pressure on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Pres′sure, in physics and in engineering the force per unit-area which a fluid exerts upon any surface. To obtain the total force which a fluid impresses upon any given surface we have, therefore, only to multiply the average pressure by the area of this surface. In pure science the unit of pressure is that which exerts a force of one dyne per square centimeter. A larger and often more convenient unit is that adopted by the Paris congress of physicists in 1900, namely, 1,000,000 dynes per square centimeter. This unit practically is exactly represented by the pressure exerted by a column of mercury 75 cm. high at sea level at 0°C. This larger unit is called a barye. One barye=10$^6$C. G. S. [centimeter-gram-second] units of pressure.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puerto Rico

See also the disclaimer.
​Puer′to Rico. See Porto Rico.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puffballs

See also Puffball on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Puff′balls′, fleshy fungi related to the mushrooms, but in which the spores fully develop without being exposed. See Basidiomycetes.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pulaski, Casimir

See also Casimir Pulaski on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Pulas′ki, Cas′imir, a Polish count and general who fell in the American Revolutionary war, was born in Podolia, March 4, 1748. On account of the active part he took in the Polish war against Russia he was stripped of his estates and outlawed in the partition of Poland in 1772. In 1777 he offered his services to the American colonies in their contest against England, and for his gallant conduct at the battle of Brandywine was given a brigade of cavalry, which he commanded until March, 1778. In May, 1779, he entered Charleston at the head of Pulaski's Legion, a corps of lancers and light infantry which, he had organized, and held it until the place was relieved; he afterward followed and harassed the British until they left South Carolina. At the siege of Savannah (1779), on the 9th of October, he fell in an assault at the head of the cavalry and died two days later.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Public Schools

See also the disclaimer.
​Pub′lic Schools. See Schools.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puebla

See also Puebla, Puebla on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Puebla (pwắ′blȧ), the second city of Mexico, stands on a fruitful plain, 7,000 feet above the sea and about 100 miles by rail from the City of Mexico. It was founded in 1531, and is one of the handsomest cities in Mexico. During the French occupation of Mexico (1862-3) it was besieged by Maximilian's troops for two months, and taken by storm on May 17, 1863. Population 93,521. Puebla also is one of the inland states of Mexico, area 12,204 square miles, with a population of 1,021,133.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pueblo, Col.

See also Pueblo, Colorado on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Pueblo (pwĕb′lṓ), Col., a city, county-seat of Pueblo County, on Arkansas River, a little over 100 miles from Denver. Through its iron and steel industry it has become the second city in the state. Its smelters, railroad-carshops, foundries and manufactories employ many. Among its manufactures are mining machinery, farming implements, furniture carriages and wagons. There are two systems of public schools, one on each side of the river, good parochial schools and several libraries. Pueblo is an important railroad-center, having the service of five railroads. In 1890 a mineral palace was erected to hold a permanent exhibit of Colorado's mineral productions at a cost of nearly $1,000,000. Pueblo has all the adjuncts of a modern city. Population 44,395.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puma

See also Puma on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Puma (pū' mȧ), a member of the cat family inhabiting the Americas from Canada to Patagonia. It goes under a variety of names in different parts of the country, as catamount, panther, American lion etc. It is about 40 inches long, without the tail, tawny in color above and soiled white below. Pumas are good climbers, but are not confined to wooded districts. They prey upon deer, antelope and other animals; near habitations they kill calves, pigs and sheep. See True's Puma or American Lion in the report of the United States National Museum for 1889.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puck

See also Puck (mythology) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Puck or Rob′in Good′fellow, a familiar figure in the fairy world of English folklore, immortalized by Shakespeare in Midsummer Night's Dream. The name really is a generic term for a fairy. Although the Pucks are noted for mischievous tricks, they sometimes perform kindly, domestic functions; are small and dwarf-like in appearance; and are easily propitiated by offerings of cream and kindly epithets. The name Puck was adopted by an illustrated weekly published in New York.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Pueblos

​Pueblos (pwĕb′lṓs) (Spanish pueblo, village), a semicivilized family of Indians in New Mexico and Arizona, dwelling in single habitations, which sometimes are large enough to contain a whole tribe. These buildings, which sometimes are five or six stories high and from 100 to 500 yards in length, are generally made of sun-dried brick; the ground-floor is always without doors or windows, entrance being effected by a ladder to the second story. Each family has a separate apartment, and there also are large rooms for general council chambers and for tribal dances. Under Roman Catholic missionaries the Pueblos are making steady progress in education and civilization, although they have grafted upon their Christianity many of their old pagan beliefs and customs, to which they cling. The cliff-dwellers doubtless were the ancestors of the Pueblos, ruins of their dwellings being seen in the canons of the Rio Mancos, Rio Plata and San Juan Rivers in southwestern Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. In these cliffs the strata of sandstone or limestone were separated by layers of soft clay which had worn away, leaving ledges of rock with caverns between. Upon these terraces are remains of clusters of dwellings, one ledge forming the floor and another the roof, the opening being faced so skillfully as to resemble the rock of the cliff. Some of these dwellings are now inaccessible. The marks of dangerous, doubling paths, hardly a foot wide, formerly used, can be seen on the cañon walls. San Juan cañon is shut in by walls of rock several thousand feet high, and one settlement is 1,000 feet above the Rio Mancos. Cliff villages or towns are found in the bottom-lands, with round stone towers near them, evidently used as watch towers.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Puget Sound

See also Puget Sound on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Puget (pū′jĕt) Sound, a large inland sea northwest of the state of Washington, communicating with the Pacific by Admiralty Inlet and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. It penetrates far into the interior, and is everywhere navigable for the largest vessels, which, in most cases, can ride close to the shores and load and unload without wharves. Great quantities of pine and fir are shipped from the region, which is rich in timber. Seattle and Tacoma are the chief towns on the sound. See Seattle, Tacoma and Washington (State).
# The Plowman's Tale

14th century imitation of Chaucer.
II. THE PLOWMANS TALE.
* Prologue
* Part I
* Part II
* Part III
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Plowman's Tale/Part II

​493. saye. 495. Suche hathe nowe. 497. varry. 498. wende. 500. pytie; amende. 501. lyfe. 503. sufferaunce; stryfe. 505. wysedome. 506. tende. 507. measure. 508. maye amende. 509. lyfe. 514. comprehende. 515. maynteyne. 516. amende. 517. delyghtes. 518. stronge. 519. vsen. 520. Agaynste pytie punishementes. 522. Her; worse dispende. 524. amende.
​525. holy. 528. worse; wytlesse. 529. fyshe; fleshe. 530. ykende. 531. poore. 532. amende. 533. Dyuers (read Dives); suche; her dome. 534. sayne. 535. shulde done. 536. suche. 537. suche. 538. offende. 539. nowe. 540. amende. 542. nowe; yknowe. 544. trowe. 545. Eche; owe (!). 546. sende. 547. worde; folke; showe. 548. amende. 549. poore. 551. Nowe dare; poore. 552. her foe. 553. Amonge; mote. 554. suche suspende. 555. hente. 556. amende.
​557. worlde. 558. loly; badde. 559. her. 560. forthe ladde. 561. dradde. 562. Supply servaunts; shende. 563. Eche; gladde. 564, 572, 580, 588. amende. 567. One; one. 569. Supply that; one. 570. defende. 571. badde. 572. suche. 573. badde; shepe. 574. forbade. 575. Swerde; shepe. 576. shepe. 578. her shepe; swerde; contende. 579. her shepe; great. 582. Supply that; chefe pastoure. 583. swerde. 584. bochoure. 586. Shulde; shepe; backe bende. 587. shoure.
​590. forsoke. 591. Supply to (as in l. 592). 592. hoke. 593. shepe; dothe; coke. 594. Supply they; vntrende. 595. -boke. 596. them amende. 600. badde; behynde. 601. Suche. 602. offende. 604. suche; amende. 606. Read contrar. 608. mysse. 610. Peter (read him); reprehende. 611. But nat (om. But); heuyn blysse. 612. amende. 613. case. 616. bare. 618. stale; supply gan; myspende. 620. Supply now; amende.
​622. hys false (om. false). 626. frende=fremd. 628. amende. 629. efte sone. 631. fordone. 632. sayne. 633. And ayenst (omit And); commaundementes (read maundements); crye. 634. brende. 635. suche. 636. amende. 637. Englande. 638. kynge. 639. suche. 640. Supply they (or hem); lyste. 641. her. 642. prysone; sende. 644. amende. 648. bayghted. 649. worse. 650. prysone; supply be; pende. 652. maye mende.
​654. assente. 655. eche. 657. Her seales. 658. extende. 660. mischefe; supply may; amende. 662. worthe tenne pounde. 664. thyrde parte; rounde. 665. raunsounde. 666. saye suche parte; apende. 667. gothe; grounde. 668. amende. 669. fornycatioun. 670. shyllynges; paye. 671. absolution. 672. forthe; maye. 674. soule; brende. 676. suche; amende. 678. londe. 680. her honde. 681. theyr (for hir); bonde. 682. Worse beate; supply more; brende. 683. vnderstande. 684. amende.
# The Ploughshare

Publication of the Society of Friends ("Quakers").

## 1917

* 112 Days' Hard Labour - Hubert W. Peet, April 1917 (supplement)
# The Portland Telegram

Daily newspaper in Portland, Oregon

## About the Telegram

* History of Oregon Newspapers/The Portland Telegram
# The Portrait

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "The Portrait."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* The Portrait, a poem by Letitia Elizabeth Landon
* The Portrait, a poem by Sarah Helen Whitman
# The Portrait (Whitman)

aka Sarah Helen Power Whitman
After long years I raised the folds concealing  That face, magnetic as the morning's beam While slumbering memory thrilled at its revealing  Like Memnon wakening from his marble dream.
Again I saw the brow's translucent pallor,  The dark hair floating o'er it like a plume; The sweet, imperious mouth, whose haughty valor  Defied all portents of impending doom.
Eyes planet calm, with something in their vision  That seemed not of earth's mortal mixture born; Strange mythic faiths and fantasies Elysian,  And far, sweet dreams of "fairly lands forlorn."
Unfathomable eyes that held the sorrow  Of vanished ages in their shadowy deeps, Lit by that prescience of a heavenly morrow  Which in high hearts the immortal spirit keeps.
Oft has that pale, poetic presence haunted  My lonely musings at the twilight hour, Transforming the dull earth-life it enchanted,  With marvel and with mystery and with power.
Oft have I heard the sullen sea-wind moaning  Its dirge-like requiems on the lonely shore, Or listening to the Autumn winds intoning  The wild, sweet legend of the lost Lenore;
Oft in some ashen evening of October,  Have stood entranced beside a mouldering tomb Hard by that visionary lake of Auber,  Where sleeps the shrouded form of Ulalume;
Oft in chill, star-lit nights have heard the chiming  Of far-off mellow bells on the keen air, And felt their molten-golden music timing  To the heart's pulses, answering unaware.
Sweet, mournful eyes, long closed upon earth's sorrow  Sleep restfully after life's fevered dream! Sleep, wayward heart! till on some cool, bright morrow  Thy soul, refreshed, shall bathe in morning's beam.
Though cloud and sorrow rest upon thy story,  And rude hands lift the drapery of thy pall, Time, as a birthright, shall restore the glory,  And Heaven rekindle all the stars that fall.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Portrait of Mr W. H.

* "The Portrait of Mr W. H." in Blackwood's Magazine, 146 (885) (1889)
* The Portrait of Mr W. H. (1921) (transcription project)
# The Portrait of a Lady (London: Macmillan & Co., 1881)/Volume 1

THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY
VOL. I.
THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY
BY
HENRY JAMES, Jr.,
AUTHOR OF "THE EUROPEANS," ETC., ETC.
IN THREE VOLUMES.
VOL. I.
London: MACMILLAN AND CO. 1881.
The Right of Translation and Reproduction is Reserved.
CLAY AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS, BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Chapter 18
* Chapter 19
# The Portrait of a Lady (London: Macmillan & Co., 1881)

The first English book edition, published 8 November 1881, in three volumes. The first printing was of 750 copies, which sold for 31/6.
* Volume 1
* Volume 2
* Volume 3
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Night-born

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "The Night-born."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* "The Night-born" (1911), a short story by Jack London
* The Night-born (1913), a collection of short stories by Jack London
# The Rugen

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
14 U.S. 62
The Rugen
APPEAL from the circuit court for the district of Georgia. The Schooner Rugen and cargo were libelled in the district court for that district, as prize of war, either as belonging to the enemies of the United States, or as the property of citizens who had been trading with the enemy. A claim was interposed by Mr. Buhring, a subject of the king of Sweden, on the ground that both vessel and cargo belonged to him, and were, bona fide, neutral property. This claim was rejected by the district court; which sentence was affirmed by the circuit court, and thereupon the claimant appealed to this court.
Charlton, for the appellant and claimant, stated, that the ship was formerly British, had been captured, condemned as prize of war in the district court, and sold by the marshal to one Bixby, who sold to Buhring, the present claimant. 1. He cited the case of the Sistersa as to the proprietary interest, and argued, that the regularity of the papers is prima facie evidence of neutrality, and conclusive, unless rebutted by contradictory proof. The primitive
The Attorney General and Pinkney, for the respondents and captors, stated, that this was one of the plainest cases for condemnation that ever came into a court of prize, upon two grounds:
1st. That the real property was not in the claimant, but in a citizen of the United States.
2d. That it was taken trading with the enemy.
1. In the Odin,d where the papers were complete, and the res gesta similar to the transactions in this
Charleton, for the appellant and claimant, in reply. A national character is impressed by the flag and pass. If the property is neutral, the master had a right to clear out with a false destination, according to the authority of the Neptunus, since it is not usual to clear out from one hostile port to another. The simulated papers were not intended for the purpose, and could not have the effect, of defrauding this country of its rights as a power at war. The destruction of papers was accidental, and the circumstances of the case are not like those of the Odin.
Feb. 20th.
LIVINGSTON, J., delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse