OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Notable South Australians/Edwin Sawtell

Layout 2
Edwin Sawtell,
THE oldest watchmaker and optician in Adelaide, was born in Bristol. As a child he was predisposed to "making things," and his parents, allowing his natural bent of mind full play, apprenticed him to the trade in 1831. At that time nearly everything was hand-made, particularly watches and watch work; many of the tools even being constructed by the apprentice before he began his work. Mr. Sawtell says: "What is now called labour-saving machinery is considered by those experienced in the trade antagonistic to the full development of a boy's natural mechanical ability." Notwithstanding the long hours of duty, from 7 a.m. till 8 p.m., he devoted his spare time to the invention of many mechanical novelties, and one of the most successful of his endeavours was a model steamboat, which was considered a real wonder in those days. He also invented a peculiar ​gas stove, one of the first made in England. During the last two years of his apprenticeship he was occupied in repairing and rating of ships' chronometers, adjusting scientific instruments, etc., particularly those used in meteorology. Although legally out of his time at the age of 21, so fond was he of his trade and master, that he determined to serve his full term, and in consequence worked eight months for 2s. 6d. a week. In these days, when boys are educated by the State, as well as expecting to pay no premium, this wage is often asked for in the first year of apprenticeship. A very different state of things to that of fifty years ago. On leaving his apprenticeship his skill and care as a workman led to his services being availed of by the leading establishments in Bristol, and he ultimately started in business for himself. Advancing steadily for some years, the news of "gold" in Australia made him anxious to visit this part of the world, and although his passage was paid to Melbourne, on the arrival of the vessel in South Australia he abandoned his intention of going there, and settled in Adelaide in 1853. He commenced business in Port Adelaide, where he erected a beautiful transit instrument, and in conjunction with an astronomical clock he and his son Alfred for many years determined the true time by observation with these instruments. This proceeding was absolutely necessary then for the rating of chronometers, as there was no real public time or Semaphore time ball instituted. During the early days of the Port, Mr. Sawtell supplied the leading daily paper with the barometer and thermometer records, just as Messrs. Todd and Wragge do now. His last invention is a patent tell-tale clock, and he has accomplished the somewhat difficult task of grinding lenses, including the spherico-cylindrical form now in request by oculists for the correction of astigmatism. His establishment is always a delight to those of a scientific turn, as it abounds in novelties, and the proprietor is still as enthusiastic as ever in the scientific branch of his business.
# Notable South Australians/E. Vaughan Boulger, M.A., D. Lit.

Layout 2
​ ​literary success, and his compositions both in English and Latin have been favorably received by the critics. He is one of the contributors to the Dublin Translations, a collection of Greek and Latin verse, published at the University Press, Dublin, under the editorship of Professor Tyrrell. Professor Boulger married, in 1871, Lizzie, second daughter of John Denham, Esq., M.D., President of the Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland.
# Notable South Australians/Edward H. Rennie, D.Sc.

Layout 2
Edward H. Rennie, D.Sc.,
IS the son of Edward A. Rennie, Esq., Auditor-General of Nqw South Wales. He was born at Balmain, near Sydney, in 1852, and received his early education at the Fort-street Public School and the Sydney Grammar School. He graduated B.A. at Sydney University in 1870, taking the medal for chemistry and experimental physics, and first-class honours in mathematics. He graduated M.A. at Sydney in 1876, taking honours in chemistry and the medal for mathematics. From 1871 to 1875 he lectured on chemistry and experimental physics in the Sydney Grammar School^ and from 1876 to 1877 in the Brisbane Grammar School. In July, 1877, he went to London, and in June, 1882, graduated a D.Sc. at the London University, taking organic chemistry as the principal subject and inorganic chemistry as the subsidiary subject. During 1879 and 1880 Dr. Rennie was Demonstrator of Chemistry in St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, and in 1881 acted as Demonstrator of Chemistry in the Science Schools, South Kensington. In 1882 he acted as assistant to Dr. H. E. Armstrong, F.R.S., at the London Institution. Dr. Rennie is a Fellow of the ​Chemical Societies of London and Berlin, and of the Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Ireland. He received the appointment of Professor of Chemistry at the Adelaide University (the chair of which was endowed by John H. Angas, Esq.) at the end of last year, and arrived in Adelaide, February 2, 1885. For twelve months prior to his arrival Professor Rennie, who acts as Government Analyst, virtually superintended the various duties of the Government Analyst in Sydney.
# Notable South Australians/Epilogue

EPILOGUE.
AT last! At last this work is completed, it is hoped, to the satisfaction of all interested. For two years the author has been engaged in its compilation, and the difficulties which have beset his path whilst endeavouring to procure information were not trivial. Notwithstanding that the biographies of many old colonists figure in its pages, there are others equally important of whose history it was impossible to obtain any reliable accounts; hence their omission from the book. To render a work of this character complete it is absolutely necessary that each year a similar volume with additions or alterations should be issued. It is needless to write eulogistic "In Memoriams" over the dead, yet this is what biographers generally are expected to do; better far to "speak a good word for the living," especially the old colonists, many of whom need our sympathies here. The Old Colonists Association is never heard of now. Why? In Victoria a similar institution is a great success, and there is no reason, that it should lack support in South Australia.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 37

Epistle LVI.
To Stephen, Abbot.
Gregory to Stephen, &c.
The account given us by Augustine, servant of God, the bearer of these presents, has made us joyful, in that he has told us that your Love is vigilant as you ought to be; and he further affirms that the presbyters and deacons and the whole congregation live in unanimity and concord. And, since the goodness of presidents is the salutary rule of their subjects, we implore Almighty God to enkindle thee always in good works by the grace of His loving-kindness, and to keep those who are committed to thee from all temptation of diabolical deceit, and grant to them to live with thee in charity and in the manner of life that pleases Him.
But, since the enemy of the human race never rests from plotting against our doings, so as to deceive in some part souls that are serving God, therefore, most beloved son, we exhort thee to exercise vigilantly thy anxious care, and so to keep those who are committed to thee by prayer and heedfulness that the prowling wolf may find no opportunity for tearing the flock: to the end that, when thou shalt have rendered to our God unharmed those of whom thou hast undertaken the charge, He may both of His grace repay thee with rewards for thy labour and multiply in thee longings for eternal life.
We have received the spoons and plates which thou hast sent us, and we thank thy Charity, because thou hast shewn how thou lovest the poor in having sent for their use such things as they need.

## Footnotes

* ↑ In Cod. Colbert. Stephen is described as “abbati de monasterio quod est Lirino;” i.e. the famous monastery on the island of that name (Lerins) now known as L’ile de St. Honorat. This was probably Stephen’s monastery.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 39

Epistle LVIII.
To Theodoric and Theodebert.
Gregory to Theodoric and Theodebert, brethren, Kings of the Franks. A paribus.
Since Almighty God has adorned your kingdom with rectitude of faith, and has made it conspicuous among other nations by the purity of its Christian religion, we have conceived great expectations of you, that you will by all means desire that your subjects should be converted to that faith in virtue of which you are their kings and lords. This being so, it has come to our knowledge that the nation of the Angli is desirous, through the mercy of God, of being converted to the Christian faith, but that the priests in their neighbourhood neglect them, and are remiss in kindling their desires by their own exhortations. On this account therefore we have taken thought to send to them the servant of God Augustine, the bearer of these presents, whose zeal and earnestness are well known to us, with other servants of God. And we have also charged them to take with them some priests from the neighbouring parts, with whom they may be able to ascertain the disposition of the Angli, and, as far as God may grant it to them, to aid their wishes by their admonition.  Now, that they may have it in their power to shew themselves efficient and capable in this business, we beseech your Excellency, greeting you with paternal charity, that these whom we have sent may be counted worthy to find the grace of your favour. And, since it is a matter of souls, let your power protect and aid them; that Almighty God, who knows that with devout mind and with all your heart you take an interest in His cause, may propitiously direct your causes, and after earthly dominion bring you to heavenly kingdoms.
Furthermore, we request your Excellency to hold as commended to you our most beloved son, Candidus, a presbyter, and the rector of the patrimony of our Church, to the end that the blessed Peter, Prince of the apostles, may answer you by his intercession, while, looking to the reward, you afford your protection in the concerns of his poor.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Childebert II. son of Sigebert I. and Brunechild, who had reigned over nearly all the dominions of the Franks in Gaul (see VI. 5, note 5), died in this year, a.d. 596, and was succeeded by his illegitimate son Theodebert II. as king of Austrasia, and by his second son Theoderic II. as king of Burgundy. These two kings were only ten and seven years of age respectively when their father died, and their grandmother Brunechild was appointed guardian of the former. Hence Gregory, writing now after the death of Childebert, addresses formal letters in identical terms to the two minors, but another (Ep. LIX.) to Brunechild. See Pedigree of Kings of Gaul, p. xxx.
* ↑ See I. 25, note 8.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 30

Epistle XLIX.
To Palladius, Bishop.
Gregory to Palladius, Bishop of Santones in Gaul (Saintes).
Leuparic your presbyter, the bearer of these presents, when he came to us informed us that your Fraternity has built a church in honour of the blessed apostles Peter and Paul, and also of the martyrs Laurentius and Pancratius, and placed there thirteen altars, of which we learn that four have remained not yet dedicated because of your desiring to deposit there relics of the above-named saints. And, seeing that we have reverently supplied you with relics of the Saints Peter and Paul, and also of the martyrs Laurentius and Pancratius, we exhort you to receive them with reverence, and deposit them with the help of the Lord, providing before all things that supplies for the maintenance of those who serve there be not wanting.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 31

Epistle L.
To Queen Brunichild.
Gregory to Brunichild, Queen of the Franks.
The tenor of your letters, which evinces a religious spirit and the earnestness of a pious mind, causes us not only to commend the purpose of your request, but also to grant willingly what you demand. For indeed it would ill become us to refuse what Christian devotion and the desire of an upright heart solicits, especially as we know that you demand, and embrace with your whole heart, what may both protect the faith of believers, and work no less the salvation of souls. Accordingly, greeting your Excellency with befitting honour, we inform you that to Leuparic, the bearer of these presents, through whom we received your communication, and whom you described as a presbyter, we have handed over, according to your Excellency’s request, with the reverence due to them, certain relics of the blessed apostles Peter and Paul. But, that laudable and religious devotion may be more and more conspicuous among you, you must see that these benefits of the saints be deposited with reverence and due honour, and that those who serve in attendance on them be vexed with no burdens or molestations, lest perchance, under the pressure of outward necessity, they be rendered unprofitable and slow in the service of God, and (which God forbid) the benefits of the saints that have been bestowed sustain injury and neglect. Let, then, your Excellency see to their quiet, to the end that, while they are guarded by your bounty from all disquietude, they may render praises to our God with minds undisturbed, and that reward may also accrue to you in the life eternal.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 34

Epistle LIII.
To Virgilius, Bishop.
Gregory to Virgilius, Bishop of Arelate (Arles), Metropolitan.
Although we are confident that your Fraternity is intent on good works, and that you come forward of your own accord in causes well-pleasing to God, we nevertheless deem it advantageous to address you with fraternal charity, that, being provoked also by our letters, you may increase the solace which it becomes you voluntarily to bestow. And accordingly we inform your Holiness that we have sent Augustine, the servant of God, the bearer of these presents, with other servants of God, for the winning of souls in the parts whither he is going, as he will be able himself to inform you face to face. In these circumstances you must needs aid him with prayer and assistance, and, where need may require, afford him the support of your succour, and refresh him, as is fit, with fatherly and priestly consolation, to the end that, when he shall have obtained the succour of your Holiness, if he should succeed in winning any gain for God, as we hope he may, you too may be able to gain a reward along with him, having devoutly administered to his good works the abundance of your support. Moreover, as to Candidus the presbyter, our common son, and the little patrimony of our Church, let your Fraternity, as being of one mind with us, study to hold both as commended to you; that so, with the help of your Holiness, something may thence accrue for the sustenance of the poor. Inasmuch, then, as your predecessor held this patrimony for many years, and
kept in his own hands the collected payments, let your Fraternity consider whose the moneys are, and to whom they should be paid, and restore them to us, handing them to the above-written presbyter Candidus, our son. For it is very execrable that what has been preserved by the kings of the nations should be said to be taken away by bishops.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 36

Epistle LV.
To Protasius, Bishop.
Gregory to Protasius, Bishop of Aquæ in Gaul (Aix).
How great love of the blessed Peter, Prince of the apostles, distinguishes you is evident, not only from the prerogative of your office, but also from the devotion you bestow on what is to the advantage of his Church. And having learnt that this is the case from the relation of Augustine, servant of God, the bearer of these presents, we rejoice exceedingly for the affection and zeal for truth that is in you; and we give thanks that, though absent in the body, you still shew that you are with us in heart and mind, seeing that you exhibit brotherly charity towards us, as is fit. In order then that actual fact may confirm the good report of you, tell our brother and fellow-bishop Virgilius to hand over to us the payments which his predecessor received for many years and retained in his own hands: for it is the property of the poor. And if perchance, as we do not believe will be the case, he should desire in any way to excuse himself, do you, who know the real truth more exactly, inasmuch as you acted as steward (vicedominus) at that time, explain to him how the matter stands, and urge him not to retain in his hands the property of Saint Peter and of his poor. But, though perhaps our men may not need this, do not refuse your testimony in the case; that so, with regard to the truth as well as to the devotion of your good will, the blessed apostle Peter, for whose love you do this, may respond to you by his intercession both here and in the life to come. We heartily commend to your Holiness the presbyter Candidus, our common son, to whom we have committed the charge of this patrimony.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 38

Epistle LVII.
To Arigius, Patrician.
Gregory to Arigius, Patrician of Gaul.
We have learnt from the servant of God, Augustine, the bearer of these presents, how great goodness, how great gentleness, with the charity that is well-pleasing to Christ, is in you resplendent; and we give thanks to Almighty God, who has granted you these gifts of His loving-kindness, through which you may have it in your power to be highly esteemed among men, and—what is truly profitable—glorious in His sight. We therefore pray Almighty God, that He would multiply in you these gifts which He has granted, and keep you with all yours under His protection, and so dispose the doings of your Glory in this world that they may be to your benefit both here, and—what is more to be wished—in the life to come. Saluting, then, your Glory with paternal sweetness, we beg of you that the bearer of these presents, and the servants of God who are with him, may obtain your succour in what is needful, to the end that, while they experience your favour, they may the better fulfil what has been enjoined on them to do.
Furthermore, we commend to you in all respects our son the presbyter Candidus, whom we have sent for the government of the patrimony of our Church which is in your parts; trusting that your Glory will receive a reward in return from our God, if with devout mind you lend your succour to the concerns of the poor.

## Footnotes

* ↑ The term Patricius was used to designate governors of provinces under the Frank kings. Cf. III. 33, “Dynamio patricio Galliarum,” and Greg. Turon. (IV. 24), "Guntramnus rex, amoto Agricola patricio, Celsum patriciatus honore donavit. There were at this time two Burgundian Patricii, one called the Patricius absolutely, residing at Arles, the other at Marseilles (Greg. Turon).
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 33

Epistle LII.
To Pelagius and Serenus, Bishops.
Gregory to Pelagius of Turni and Serenus of Masilia (Marseilles) Bishops of Gaul. A paribus.
Although with priests who have the charity that is well pleasing to God religious men need no commendation, yet, since an apt time for writing has offered itself, we have thought well to send a letter to your Fraternity, mentioning that we have sent into your parts, with the help of the Lord, for the benefit of souls, the servant of God Augustine, of whose earnestness we are assured, with other servants of God. Him your Holiness must needs assist with priestly earnestness, and hasten to afford him your succour. We have also enjoined him, that so you may be the more ready to support him, to make you fully acquainted with the matter he has in hand, knowing that, when it is known to you, you will lend yourselves with entire devotion for God’s sake to succour him as the case requires.
Moreover, we commend in all ways to your charity our common son the presbyter Candidus, whom we have sent for the government of the patrimony of our Church. Given on the tenth day of the Kalends of August, Indiction 14.

## Footnotes

* ↑ De Turnis; in Colbert. Turonis. The latter name itself would seem to denote Tours. But it is not easy to see why a common letter should have been addressed to the Bishops of Tours and Marseilles. And, further, would Tours on the Loire be likely to lie on the route which the missionaries would take to Britain?
* ↑ See I. 25, note 8.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VI/Chapter 35

Epistle LIV.
To Desiderius and Syagrius, Bishops.
Gregory to Desiderius of Vienna (Vienne), and Syagrius of Augustodunum (Autun), Bishops of Gaul.  A paribus.
Having regard to your sincere charity we are well assured that out of love for Peter, the Prince of the apostles, you will devotedly afford your succour to our men; especially since the nature of the case requires you to give assistance even of your own accord, and the more when you see them labour. Wherefore we inform your Holiness that, the Lord so ordering it, we have despatched Augustine, the servant of God, the bearer of these presents, whose zeal and earnestness are well known to us, with other servants of God, in behalf of souls in those parts; from whose account of things when you have fully learnt what is enjoined on him, let your Fraternity bestow your succour on him in all ways which the case may require, that you may be able, as is becoming and fit, to be helpers of a good work. Let, then, your Fraternity study to shew yourself so devoted in this matter that your action may prove to us the truth of the good report that we have heard of you. We commend to you in all respects our most beloved common son, Candidus the presbyter, to whom we have committed the patrimony of our Church situated in those parts.

## Footnotes

* ↑ See I. 25, note 8.
# Notable South Australians/William Hill, J.P.

Layout 2
# Notable South Australians/William John Cunningham

Layout 2
William John Cunningham
ARRIVED in Adelaide in 1857. Joined the public service of this colony as an operator in the telegraph office in 1858, and from that period till his death from apoplexy on August 26, 1875, was employed in various capacities in connection with the telegraph department, all of which he carried out to general satisfaction. He was considered by Mr. Todd "a most accomplished officer and valued coadjutor," whilst as Assistant-Superintendent of telegraphs by his assiduous care he did much to bring the department over which he presided to a state of efficiency.