OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1996-03-29/Chapter 11A

Chapter 11A
Volkstaat Council
Provision for establishment of Volkstaat Council
184A. (1) The establishment of a Volkstaat Council is hereby authorised.
(2) The Council shall consist of 20 members elected by members of Parliament who support the establishment of a Volkstaat for those who want it.
(3) The Council shall conduct its affairs according to rules made by the Council.
Functions of Council
184B. (1) The Council shall serve as a constitutional mechanism to enable proponents of the idea of a Volkstaat to constitutionally pursue the establishment of such a Volkstaat, and shall for this purpose be competent—
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(2) The procedures to be followed by the Council in the performance of its functions under subsection (1), shall be prescribed by an Act of Parliament.
(3) The procedures provided for in this Constitution with regard to the finalisation of provincial boundaries, shall not be construed as precluding the establishment of such a Volkstaat, and in the event of the acceptance of the concept of a Volkstaat, alternative provision shall be made by an Act of Parliament for the finalisation of the boundaries of any affected province or provinces.
B
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1996-03-29/Chapter 2

Chapter 2
Citizenship and Franchise
Citizenship
5. (1) There shall be a South African citizenship.
(2) South African citizenship and the acquisition, loss and restoration of South African citizenship shall, subject to section 20 read with section 33(1), be regulated by an Act of Parliament.
(3) Every person who is a South African citizen shall, subject to this Constitution, be entitled to enjoy all rights, privileges and benefits of South African citizenship, and shall be subject to all duties, obligations and responsibilities of South African citizenship as are accorded or imposed upon him or her in terms of this Constitution or an Act of Parliament.
The franchise
6. Every person who is—
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
shall be entitled to vote in elections of the National Assembly, a provincial legislature or a local government and in referenda or plebiscites contemplated in this Constitution, in accordance with and subject to the laws regulating such elections, referenda and plebiscites.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Lawrence Justinian

From volume 9 of the work.
Lawrence Justinian, Saint, Bishop and first Patriarch of Venice, b. in 1381, and d. 8 January, 1456. He was a descendant of the Giustiniani, a Venetian patrician family which numbered several saints among its members. Lawrence's pious mother sowed the seeds of a devout religious life in the boy's youth. In 1400 when he was about nineteen years old, he entered the monastery of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine on the Island of Alga near Venice. In spite of his youth he excited admiration by his poverty, mortifications, and fervour in prayer. At that time the convent was changed into a congregation of secular canons living in community. After his ordination in 1406 Lawrence was chosen prior of the community, and shortly after that general of the congregation. He gave them their constitution, and was so zealous in spreading the same that he was looked upon as the founder. His reputation for saintliness as well as his zeal for souls attracted the notice of Eugene IV and on 12 May, 1433, he was raised to the Bishopric of Castello. The new prelate restored churches, established new parishes in Venice, aided the foundation of convents, and reformed the life of the canons. But above all he was noted for his Christian charity and his unbounded liberality. All the money he could raise he bestowed upon the poor, while he himself led a life of simplicity and poverty. He was greatly respected both in Italy and elsewhere by the dignitaries of both Church and State. He tried to foster the religious life by his sermons as well as by his writings. The Diocese of Castello belonged to the Patriarchate of Grado. On 8 October, 1451, Nicholas V united the See of Castello with the Patriarchate of Grado, and the see of the patriarch was transferred to Venice, and Lawrence was named the first Patriarch of Venice, and exercised his office till his death somewhat more than four years later. His beatification was ratified by Clement VII in 1524, and he was canonized in 1690 by Alexander VIII. Innocent XII appointed 5 September for the celebration of his feast. The saint's ascetical writings have often been published, first in Brescia in 1506, later in Paris in 1524, and in Basle in 1560, etc. We are indebted to his nephew, Bernardo Giustiniani, for his biography.
Bernardus Justinianus, Opusculum de vita beati Laurentii Justiniani (Venice, 1574); Surius, De vitis sanctorum, ed. 1618, I, 126-35; Acta SS., January, I, 551-63; Bibliotheca hagiographica latina, ed. Bollandists, II, 1708; Bullarium Romanum, ed. Taurin., V, 107 sqq.; Eubel, Hierarchia catholica medii ævi, II, 134-290; Rosa, Summorum Pontificum, illustrium virorum ... de b. Laurentii Justiniani vita, sanctitate ac miraculis testimoniorum centuria (Venice, 1614); Butler, Lives of the Saints, III (Baltimore, 1844), 416-422; Regazzi, Note storiche edite ed inedite di S. Lorenzo Giustiniani (Venice, 1856); Cucito, S. Lorenzo Giustiniani, primo patriarca di Venezia (Venice, 1895).
J. P. Kirsch.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Ladislaus

From volume 8 of the work.
King of Hungary, born 1040; died at Neutra, 29 July, 1095; one of Hungary's national Christian heroes. He was the son of Béla I; the nobles, after the death of Geisa I, passed over Solomon, son of Andrew I, and chose Ladislaus to be their king in 1077. It is true that he made peace with Solomon, when the latter gave up all claims to the throne of Hungary; however, later on he rebelled against Ladislaus, who took him prisoner and held in the fortress of Visegrád. On the occasion of the canonization of Stephen I, Ladislaus gave Solomon his freedom, but in 1086 Solomon, with the aid of the heathen Cumans, revolted against Ladislaus a second time; the latter, however, vanquished them, and in 1089 gained another victory over theTurkish Cumans. In 1091 Ladislaus marched into Croatia, at the request of his sister, the widowed Queen Helena, and took possession of the kingdom for the crown of Hungary, where, in 1092, he founded the Bishopric of Agram (Zágráb). In the same year (1092), he also founded the Bishopric of Grosswardein (Nagy-Várad), in Hungary, which, however, some trace back to Stephen I. Ladislaus governed the religious and civil affairs of his assembly of the Imperial States at Szabolcs, that might almost be called a synod. He tried vigorously to suppress the remaining heathen customs. He was buried in the cathedral of Grosswardein. He still lives in the sagas and poems of his people as a chivalrous king. In 1192 he was canonized by Celestine III.
MICHAEL BIHL
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Benda, Madame

Benda, Madame. See HEYNE.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Bender

Bender. A celebrated performer on the clarinet, in Germany. In beauty and richness of tone, facility, brilliancy of execution, and fine
taste, he is said to rival the first performers on that instrument.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Benecken, F. B

Benecken, F. B., a clergyman, near Hanover, published some sacred and dramatic music at Hanover since the year 1787.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Benedict

Benedict, of Appenzel. A composer of church music in the middle of the sixteenth century.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Bendeler, Johann Philipp

Bendeler, Johann Philipp, published some works on music, between the years 1688 and 1706. He was born near Erfurt, in 1660.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Bene placito

Bene placito. (I.) At pleasure. An expression signifying that the performer is at liberty to exercise his own taste in ornamenting and varying the movement, on the passage, over which is written.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Bene

Bene. (I.) Excellent ; good.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Benda, Joseph

Benda, Joseph, musician to the King of Prussia, was brother and pupil to Franz Benda. He died at Berlin, in 1804, aged seventy-five.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/B/Bendinelli, Agostino

Bendinelli, Agostino. A composes of church music between the years 1585 and 1604. He was a regular canon of the Lateran, born at Lucca, in 1550.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Theodosiopolis

From volume 14 of the work.
A titular metropolitan see of Thracia Prima. In the beginning the city was called Apros, or preferably Aproi; later in its history it became known as the Colonia Claudia Aprensis (Ptolemy, "Geographia", vol.111, cap. xi, p.7). In the fourth century, according to Ammianus Marcellinus (XXVII, iv, 12), it was the principal city of the country south of Heraclea. The official name of Theodosiopolis, which was given to the city by either Theodosius I, or Theodosius II, was rarely used; it was commonly called Apros. At first suffragan episcopal see of Heraclea in the European province, Apros had already in 640 been elevated to an autocephalous archiepiscopal see (Geizer, "Ungedruckte . . . Texte der Notitiæ episcopatuum", 535), which title it still retained in 1170. However in 1179, Romanus signs himself as Metropolitan of Apros, and the "Notitiæ episcopatuum" of Manuel I Comnenus, which dates from this same epoch, also refers to Apros as a metropolitan see (Gelzer, op. cit., 587). This see must have disappeared at the end of the fourteenth century, or in the beginning of the fifteenth century, for in the "Notitiæ" subsequent to 1453 no mention of it is to be found. Le Quien, "Oriens christianus", I, 1125-1128, makes special mention of eleven bishops belonging to this see among whom are Babylas in 458; Andreas in 536; John in 787; Sabbas in 878; and in 1351, Gabriel, the last one known. From 1204, as long as the city remained in the hands of the Crusaders, Apros was a Roman archdiocese; in 1244 it was already a titular archbishopric (Eubel, "Hierarchia catholica medii ævi", I, 94; II, 101). Under the Franks, who called it Naples, Apros belonged to Theodosius Branas, the Greek, who had married Agnes, sister of King Philip Augustus. The Bulgarians took the city and destroyed it in 1205; later it fell anew under the sway of the Franks and the Greeks (Villehardouin, ed. Wail1y, 390-91, 403, 413-15, 564). The exact situation of Apros is not known; Tomaschek, "Zur Kunde der Hæmus-Halbinsel", 52, identifies it with Kestridje on the Podja-Dere, south of Haïreboli in the sanjak of Rodosto.
PTOLEMY, Geographia, ed. MÜLLER, I, 489; PAULY-WISSOWA, Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, s. v. Aproi.
S. VAILHÉ
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Theodulf

From volume 14 of the work.
(Theodulfus, Theodulfe), Bishop of Orléans, a writer skilled in poetic forms and a learned theologian, born in Spain about 760; died at Angers, France, 18 December, 821. By descent a Goth, he became before 794 a member of the court of Charlemagne, where he was, next to Alcuin, the most distinguished and learned person. Charlemagne granted him (about 798) the Bishopric of Orléans; and several abbeys. He laboured successfully in his diocese as a reformer both of the clergy and people, as is shown by his two Capitularies, one of which has forty-six chapters; he also encouraged school. In 798 he was sent, with bishop Leidrad of Lyons, as a royal messenger (missus dominicus) to the southern part of France. In his poem, "Versus contra judices", in which he complains of the severity of Frankish law and addresses earnest warnings to the judges. He gives an account of his experiences while on this mission. As a writer on theology he took part in the dispute over the term Filioque (the procession of the Holy Ghost from the Son as well as from the Father) and defended this doctrine at the request of Charlemagne in the treatise, "De spiritu sancto". He also wrote at the wish of the emperor, "De ordine baptismi", a description of the ceremonies at baptism. He is further, apparently, the author of an exposition of the Holy Mass and of the Creed. As regards language and metre he occupies the first place among the poets of the Carlovingian era and distinguished himself by spirit and skill; particularly interesting are the letters which he wrote in the form of poems giving an animated picture of the life at court. His hymn for Palm Sunday, "Gloria, laus, et honor" (Analecta hymnica, L, 160 sq.), came into liturgical use. He is also known as a patron and lover of art. He was still in favour at the beginning of the reign of Louis the Pious, but later, being accused of sharing in the conspiracy of King Bernard of Italy, was consequently deposed in 818 and exiled to Angers. (See P.L., CV 187-380)
Klemens Löffler.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Theology

From volume 14 of the work.
The content is currently in subarticles.
* Ascetical Theology
* Christology
* Dogmatic Theology
* History of Dogmatic Theology
* Mystical Theology
* Moral Theology
* Pastoral Theology
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Theodorus Lector

From volume 14 of the work.
A lector attached to the Church of St. Sophia of Constantinople in the early part of the sixth century. At the request of a friend he compiled in four books his "Historia Tripartita", an epitome of the historians Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret, made up of excerpts from them. An imperfect copy of this work exists in MS. but it has never been published; Valesius used it, attaching perhaps too much importance to the readings he found in it, in his edition of the above-mentioned historians. Theodorus also composed a history in two books which carried the narrative of the "Hist. Trip." from the death of Theodosius II up to the times of Justin I. This work is unfortunately lost, but two long series of excerpts are preserved usually bearing the title Apo phones Nikephorou Kallistou which, however, is spurious (De Boor, "Zeitschrift f. Kirchengesch.", VI, 489; Preuschen in "Realenencyk. f. Prot. Theol.", s. v.); quotations also are found in the writings of St. John of Damascus and the Acts of the Seventh General Council. The history owes its value to the scantiness of our information concerning the period it treats rather than its merits. It is full of marvelous stories. The only indications of the time when Theodore lived are the date at which his history ended and his speaking of the "holy memory" of Theodoret — he would hardly have done this after the "Three Chapters" controversy.
DE BOOR, op. cit.: (Leipzig, 1907); NOLTE in Tubingen Theol. Quart. (1861), 569 sq.; SARRAZIN, De Theod. Lectore. Theophanis proecipuo fonte in Comment. philol. Jenensis, I, 163 sqq.; BARDENHEWER-SHAHAN, Patrology (St. Louis, 1908), 552. The fragments of the History were published by VALESIUS and reprinted in P.G., LXXXVI. For additional excerpts to be found in the writings of NICETAS, and CHARTOPHYLAX OF NICAEA, see DIEKAMP in Hist. Jahrb., XXIV, 553 sq.
F.J. BACCHUS
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Theonas

From volume 14 of the work.
Bishop of Alexandria from about 283 to 301 (Eusebius, "Chronicle", Ann. Abr. 2299, St. Jerome's version). In his time Achillas, who had been appointed presbyter at Alexandra, at the same time with Pierius, became celebrated (Euseb., "Hist. eccl.", VII, xxxii). The celebrated letter of Theonas to Lucianus, chamberlain to Diocletian, which has often been quoted as giving such a lifelike description of the position of a Christian in the imperial Court has been pronounced, first by Batiffol and then by Harnack, to be a forgery. Their verdict is endorsed by Bardenhewer. It was first published from what purported to be a transcript made by Jérôme Vignier, by Dacherius in his "Spicilegium". Theonas is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on 27 August. St. Athanasius in his apology to Constantinus speaks of a church dedicated by his predecessor, St. Alexander, to Theonas. The same church is alluded to in the "Act of SS. Pachomius and Theodorus".
For the Epistle to Lucianus see: BATIFFOL, Bulletin Critique (1886), 155-60; HARNACK, Der gefalschte Brief des Bischofs Theonas in Texte u. Untersuchungen, IX (Leipzig, 1903), iii, new series, English tr. of epistle in CLARKE, Ante-Nicene Fathers: The Writings of Methodius etc. For a number of fabulous stories told by medieval Arabic writers (SEVERUS, EUTYCHIUS, etc.) see RENAUDOT, Hist. Patriarch: Alexand., 50 sq.; Acta SS., IV, August, 579 sq.
F. J. BACCHUS
# Coriolanus (1924) Yale/Appendix D

Layout 2
APPENDIX D
Suggestions for Collateral Reading
Plutarch's Life of Coriolanus, translated by North; in C. F. T. Brooke, Shakespeare's Plutarch, vol. ii, 137–207. London, 1909.
James Thomson: Coriolanus. London, 1749. Reprinted in Works of Thomson, vol. iv, Edinburgh, 1778. (See Appendix B, p. 165.)
M. W. McCallum: Shakespeare's Roman Plays and their Background. London, 1910.
William Hazlitt: Characters of Shakespeare's Plays. London, 1817. Everyman's Library edition, 1906, pp. 538–63.
Edward Dowden: Shakspere, his Mind and Art. 12th ed., London, 1901, chapter vi, 'The Roman Plays.'
Stopford A. Brooke: On Ten Plays of Shakespeare. 6th impression, London, 1919, pp. 221–252.
R. M. Alden: Shakespeare. pp. 286–289, New York, 1922.
An edition of Coriolanus in the Furness Variorum series is in preparation. The most useful annotated edition that has yet appeared is that in the Arden series, edited by W. J. Craig and R. H. Case, London, 1922. The edition in the Henry Irving Shakespeare, vol. vi, with Introduction and Notes by H. C. Beeching, is also important. Valuable commentary is to be found in the editions of W. Aldis Wright (Oxford, 1879), W. J. Rolfe (New York, 1892), and G. S. Gordon (Oxford, 1912).
# Corinth Publications, Inc. v. Wesberry/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
388 U.S. 448
Corinth Publications, Inc. v. Wesberry
The petition for a writ of certiorari is granted and the judgment of the Supreme Court of Georgia is reversed.
THE CHIEF JUSTICE would grant the petition and set the case for oral argument.
Mr. Justice CLARK would grant the petition and affirm.
Mr. Justice HARLAN adheres to the views expressed in his separate opinions in Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476, 496, 77 S.Ct. 1304, 1 L.Ed.2d 1498, and A Book Named 'John Cleland's' Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure v. Attorney General of Com. of Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413, 455, 86 S.Ct. 975, 16 L.Ed.2d 1, and on the basis of the reasoning set forth therein would affirm.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Coriolanus (1924) Yale

* related portals: The Yale Shakespeare.
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Part of The Yale Shakespeare series.
Layout 2
∵ The Yale Shakespeare ∵
THE TRAGEDY OF CORIOLANUS
EDITED BY TUCKER BROOKE
NEW HAVEN · YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON · HUMPHREY MILFORD OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS · MCMXXIV
Copyright, 1924 By Yale University Press
Printed in the United States of America
TABLE OF CONTENTS :
| | PAGE |
| The Text | 1 |
| Act I | 1 |
| Act II | 34 |
| Act III | 62 |
| Act IV | 89 |
| Act V | 117 |
| Notes | 143 |
| Appendix A. Sources of the Play | 158 |
| Appendix B. The History of the Play | 163 |
| Appendix C. The Text of the Present Edition | 169 |
| Appendix D. Suggestions for Collateral Reading | 172 |
| Index of Words Glossed | 173 |
The facsimile opposite reproduces from a copy in the Yale University Library the title-page of Nahum Tate's version of 'Coriolanus,' the earliest separate edition of the play in any form. (See p. 164.)
THE YALE SHAKESPEARE
Edited by
Wilbur L. CrossTucker Brooke
Published under the Direction
of the
Department of English, Yale University,
on the Fund
Given to the Yale University Press in 1917
by the Members of the
Kingsley Trust Association
(Scroll and Key Society of Yale College)
To Commemorate the Seventy-Fifth Anniversary
of the Founding of the Society
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1946, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 77 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Coriolanus (1924) Yale/Appendix C

Layout 2
APPENDIX C
The Text of the Present Edition
The text of the present volume is based, by permission of the Oxford University Press, upon that of the Oxford Shakespeare, edited by the late W. J. Craig. Craig's text has been carefully collated with the Shakespeare Folio of 1623, and the following deviations have been introduced:
1. The stage directions of the Folio have been restored. Necessary words and directions, omitted by the Folio, are added within square brackets.
2. Punctuation and spelling have been normalized to accord with modern English practice; e.g., anything, everything, warlike, priestlike, hostler, carcasses, scandal'd (instead of any thing, every thing, war-like, priest-like, ostler, carcases, scandall'd). Generally the changes introduced, both in punctuation and in spelling, effect a closer approximation to the Folio form. The form Martius, invariable in the Folio and in North, is restored passim in place of Marcius. The Folio abbreviation 'Y' are' is likewise replaced instead of the varying 'you 're,' 'ye 're,' or 'you are' of modern editions.
3. The frequent elisions, characteristic of the Folio text and often necessary for scansion of the lines, have generally been retained; e.g., th' expulsion, th' accusation, is 't, we'll, o' (for of or on), 's (for is, his, or us), etc.
4. The following changes of text have been introduced, nearly always in accordance with Folio authority. The readings of the present edition precede the colon, while Craig's readings follow it:
I. i. 29 All: First Cit.
59 2. Cit.: First Cit. (So also in lines 67, 83, 98, 111, 120, 127, 129, 133, 148, 153, 162, 172.)
116 taintingly: tauntingly
132 you'st: you'll
ii. 30 prepar'd: prepared
iii. 3 should: would
iv. 42 follows: follow'd
vi. 6 The Roman: Ye Roman
32 burnt: burn'd
ix. 46 an overture: a coverture
II. i. 17 Both: Sic./Bru. $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$
46 Both: Bru.
204 begin: begnaw
212 Virgilia: Valeria
270 their war: the war
ii. 8 hath: have
iii. 44 the: a (misprint?)
108 bountiful: bountifully
117 farther: further
122 wolfish: woolvish
123 does: do
132 moe: more
165 loves: love
171 us'd: used
III. i. 65 meiny (Meynie F): many
72 lack: lack'd
77 their: they
130 bosom multiplied: bisson multitude
319 a' (a F): he
ii. 21 thwartings (things F): thwarting
29 as little: of mettle
113 quir'd: quired
114 an eunuch: a eunuch
iii. 67 fold in: fold-in
97 doth: do
IV. i. 8 home,—being: home, being
27 'em: them
ii. 19 strook: struck (So also in IV. v. 231.)
iii. 9 appeared: approved
iv. 13 seems: seem
v. 114 an hundred: a hundred
201 boiled: broiled
​vi. 51 hath: have
59 coming: come
vii. 28 yields: yield
V. ii. 17 verified: glorified
iii. 154 nobleman: noble man
iv. 23 'hum!': hum
v. 100 others: other
# Corinthians

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# Corporation of New-Orleans v. Winter

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
14 U.S. 91
Corporation of New-Orleans v. Winter

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse