OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, Eli

Edition of 1905. See also Eli Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, Eli (1765-1825). An American inventor, famous for his invention of the cotton gin. He was born at Westboro, Mass., and was educated at Yale College, where he graduated in 1792. He then went to Georgia as a teacher, where he found a generous patron in the widow of General Nathanael Greene, of the Revolutionary Army, on whose estate he resided, and studied law. While here he had opportunity to display his inventive genius, and at the request of some neighbors of Mrs. Greene he attempted to devise a machine for separating the seed from the fibre of the green seed cotton. He set to work under great disadvantages, having to make his own tools, and even to draw his own wire, while rumors of his success led some lawless people to break into his workshop and steal his machine before he could obtain a patent for it. Forming a partnership with one Miller in 1793, he went to Connecticut to manufacture cotton gins, but litigation in defense of his rights consumed all his profits and $50,000 voted him by the State of South Carolina. Finally, in 1798 he got a Government contract for the manufacture of firearms, which he carried out with ingenious machinery so arranged as to secure absolute interchangeability of parts. His manufactory of firearms was located at Whitneyville, Conn., and was maintained with success. Whitney had but little material reward from the gin, which immediately proved one of the most important inventions connected with the cotton manufacture. See Cotton; Cotton Gin.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, James Amaziah

Edition of 1905. See also James Amaziah Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, James Amaziah (1839—). An American lawyer and author, born at Rochester, N. Y. He studied mechanics, engineering, and chemistry, and in 1868 became an editor of the American Artisan. He was one of the founders of the New York Society of Practical Engineering, of which he was for some time president, and in 1869-72 he was professor of agricultural chemistry in the American Institute. He particularly interested himself in equity, and in patent and copyright law. His publications include: The Relation of the Patent Laws to the Development of Agriculture (1874); The Chinese and the Chinese Question (1880; enlarged 1888); Sonnets and Lyrics (1884); and The Children of Lamech (1885), a poem. His Poetical Works were collected in 1886.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, Mount

Edition of 1905. See also Mount Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, Mount. A peak of the Sierra Nevada (q.v.), in eastern California, in about latitude 36° 35' N., and longitude 113° 17' W. (Map: California, D 3). It is the highest mountain in the United States, exclusive of Alaska, having an altitude of 14,898 feet. Its eastern slope, which rises nearly 11,000 feet above the valley, is very precipitous. The mountain was named for Professor Josiah Dwight Whitney.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, Samuel Brenton

Edition of 1905. See also Samuel Brenton Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, Samuel Brenton (1842—). An American organist, conductor, and composer, born in Woodstock, Vt. He was educated under Charles Wels, of New York, and J. K. Paine, of Cambridge, Mass., in which latter city he secured his first organ appointment. He came to be regarded as the greatest Bach player of the United States, and was appointed professor of organ-playing and lecturer in music at the Boston University and the New England Conservatory. In 1871 he was appointed organist and choir director of the Church of the Advent, Boston. His compositions include many anthems and other church pieces, songs, pianoforte music, sonatas, transcriptions, and arrangements for the organ.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, William Collins

Edition of 1905. See also William Collins Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, William Collins (1841-1904). An American politician and Cabinet officer, born in Conway, Mass., and educated at Yale and at Harvard. He settled in New York City, where he was admitted to the bar. In 1871 he was prominent in organizing the Young Men's Democratic Club, and was active in the movement against the ‘Tweed Ring.’ From 1875 to 1882 he was Corporation Counsel of the City of New York, and during his administration of the office the work of the city's Law Department was completely reorganized and simplified in such a manner as to save thousands of dollars annually. He was active in 1882 in the State campaign which resulted in the election of Grover Cleveland as Governor, and from 1885 to 1889, during Cleveland's first administration as President, was Secretary of the Navy. Under his control considerable progress was made in building the ‘new navy.’ He afterwards engaged in extensive financial enterprises in New York, and in 1892 successfully managed the Cleveland Presidential campaign.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, William Dwight

Edition of 1905. See also William Dwight Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, William Dwight (1827-94). An American Sanskrit scholar and philologist, born at Northampton, Mass. He graduated at Williams College in 1845. For the next three or four years he was clerk in the Northampton Bank, but began to show a marked interest in natural science and in languages. In 1849, as assistant sub-agent, he accompanied the United
States Geological Survey to Lake Superior, and on this expedition he began the study of Sanskrit in his leisure hours. On his return in the autumn of the same year he studied Sanskrit at Yale under Salisbury. In 1850 he went to Germany and spent three winters at Berlin under Weber, the summers being devoted to work under Roth at Tübingen. In 1853 he returned to America, and in 1854 was appointed to a chair of Sanskrit and comparative philology at Yale College, where he remained as professor until his death. The American Oriental Society owes much to him for his prolonged services as corresponding secretary, editor of the society's journal, and president. He was also first president of the American Philological Association. Among his publications are: Language and the Study of Language (1867; 4th ed. 1884); German Grammar (6th ed. 1888); Oriental and Linguistic Studies (1872-74); The Life and Growth of Language (1875); Essentials of English Grammar (1877); Sanskrit Grammar (3d ed. 1896); Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language (1885); Practical French Grammar (1886); translations with commentaries of the Sûrya Siddhânta, the Atharva Veda Prâtiçâkhya, and the Tâttirîya Prâtiçâkhya (in vols. vi., viii., and ix., of the Journal of the American Oriental Society); and the posthumous Translation of the Atharva Veda, with Commentary (1904). With Roth he edited the Atharva Veda (1856), besides which he made noteworthy contributions to the Sanskrit Dictionary of Böhtlingk and Roth (Saint Petersburg, 1852-76), and an Index Verborum to the Published Text of the Atharva Veda (1881). He was editor-in-chief of the Century Dictionary. A complete bibliography of his writings is given in the nineteenth volume of the Journal of the American Oriental Society (New Haven, 1897), a memorial in his honor.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, Asa

Edition of 1905. See also Asa Whitney (canal commissioner) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, Asa (1791-1874). An American mechanical engineer and manufacturer. He was born in Townsend, Mass., and in his youth learned the trade of blacksmith and machinist. After engaging in the manufacture of machinery in several States he became master machinist (1830) and superintendent (1833) of the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad. From 1839 to 1841 he was a canal commissioner of the State of New York, and in 1842 went into partnership with Matthew Baldwin in the manufacture of locomotives at Philadelphia. In 1847 he patented a process for making cast-iron annealed car wheels, and engaged in their manufacture on a large scale, subsequently introducing other improvements which increased the strength of the wheels and contributed materially to the safety of railway travel. Mr. Whitney served for a year as president of the Reading Railroad. He left $50,000 to the University of Pennsylvania for the founding of a chair of dynamical engineering.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Whitney, Josiah Dwight

Edition of 1905. See also Josiah Whitney on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WHITNEY, Josiah Dwight (1819-96). An American geologist, born at Northampton, Mass., the brother of Professor William D. Whitney. He was educated at Yale College, and in 1840 was employed on the New Hampshire geological survey. After serving in similar surveys of Ohio, the Lake Superior region, Iowa, and Wisconsin, he became State geologist of California, occupying this office from 1860 to 1874. In 1865 he was called to the chair of geology at Harvard University. Through his travels and studies in the principal mining regions of the United States, Whitney became the foremost authority of his day on economic geology, and he was able to perform a great service in the development of the mineral resources of the country. The best known of his writings are: The Mineral Wealth of the United States (1854); A Report on the Upper Mississippi Land Region (1862); The Geological Survey of California (1864-70); The Yosemite Guide-Book (1869); with J. W. Foster, Report on the Geology of the Lake Superior Land District (1851-52); and with James Hall, Geological Report on Ohio (1858).
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/Ode on the Earl of Stanhope's Voyage to France, 1718

ODES.
AN ODE,
Occasioned by his Excellency the Earl of Stanhope's Voyage to France, 1718.
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/Part of the fourth Book of Lucan

TRANSLATIONS.
PART OF
THE FOURTH BOOK OF LUCAN.
CÆSAR having resolved to give battle to Petreius and Afranius, Pompey's Lieutenants in Spain, encamped near the enemy in the same field. The behaviour of their soldiers at their seeing and knowing one another is the subject of the following Verses.
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# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/To Gilfred Lawson, Esq. on a Lady's Picture

ON A LADY'S PICTURE.
TO GILFRED LAWSON, ESQ.
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# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/Ode inscribed to the Earl of Sunderland

AN ODE,
INSCRIBED TO THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND AT WINDSOR.
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/An Imitation of the Prophecy of Nereus

AN IMITATION
OF
THE PROPHECY OF NEREUS,
FROM HOR. BOOK III. ODE XXV.
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/Colin and Lucy

COLIN AND LUCY,
A BALLAD.
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/To Apollo making Love

TO APOLLO MAKING LOVE,
FROM MONS. FONTENELLE.
# The Poetical Works of Thomas Tickell/An Epistle from a Lady in England to a Gentleman at Avignon

AN EPISTLE
From a Lady in England to a Gentleman at Avignon.
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/A Fragment

ADDITIONAL POEMS.
A FRAGMENT.
is shop is a grocer’s—a snug, genteel place, Near the corner of Oak Street and Pearl; He can dress, dance, and bow to the ladies with grace, And ties his cravat with a curl.
He’s asked to all parties—north, south, east, and west, That take place between Chatham and Cherry; And when he’s been absent, full oft has the “best Society” ceased to be merry.
And nothing has darkened a sky so serene, Nor disordered his beauship’s Elysium, Till this season among our élite there has been What is called by the clergy “a schism.”
’Tis all about eating and drinking—one set Gives sponge-cake, a few “kisses” or so, And is cooled after dancing with classic sherbet, “Sublimed” (see Lord Byron) “with snow.”
Another insists upon punch and perdrix, Lobster-salad, champagne, and, by way Of a novelty only, those pearls of our sea, Stewed oysters from Lynn-Haven Bay.
Miss Flounce, the young milliner, blue-eyed and bright, In the front parlor over her shop, “Entertains,” as the phrase is, a party to-night, Upon peanuts and ginger-pop.
And Miss Fleece, who’s a hosier, and not quite as young, But is wealthier far than Miss Flounce, She “entertains” also to-night with cold tongue, Smoked herring, and cherry-bounce.
In praise of cold water the Theban bard spoke, He of Teos sang sweetly of wine; Miss Flounce is a Pindar in cashmere and cloak, Miss Fleece an Anacreon divine.
The Montagues carry the day in Swamp Place; In Pike Street the Capulets reign; A limonadière is the badge of one race, Of the other a flask of champagne.
Now as each the same evening her soirée announces, What better, he asks, can be done Than drink water from eight until ten with the Flounces, And then wine with the Fleeces till one!
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/A Loving Epistle to Mr. Wm. Cobbett

A LOVING EPISTLE TO MR. WILLIAM COBBETT, OF NORTH HEMPSTEAD, LONG ISLAND.
“Beloved of Heaven! the smiling Muse shall shed Her moonlight halo on thy beauteous head!”
Campbell.
ride, boast, and glory of each hemisphere! Well known and loved in both—great Cobbett, hail! Hero of Botley there, and Hempstead here, Of Newgate, and a Pennsylvanian jail! Long shall this grateful nation bless the hour, When, by the beadle and your debts pursued, The victim, like famed Barrington, of power, “You left your country for your country’s good!”
Terror of Borough-mongers, Banks, and Crowns, Thorburn the seedsman, and Lord Castlereagh! Potato-tops fall withering at your frowns, Grand Ruta-Baga Turnip of your day! Banish the memory of Lockhart’s cane, And Philadelphian pole-cats from your mind; Let the world scoff,—still you and Hunt remain, Yourselves a host—the envy of mankind!
Whether, as once in “Peter Porcupine,” You curse the country whose free air you breathe, Or, as plain William Cobbett, toil to twine Around your brows Sedition’s poisoned wreath, Or, in your letter to Sir Francis, tear All moral ties asunder with your pen, We trace your gentle spirit everywhere, And greet you prince of Slander’s scribbling men.
Well may our hearts with pride and pleasure swell, To know that face to face we soon shall meet, We’ll gaze upon you as you stand and sell Grammars and Garden Seeds in Fulton Street! And praise your book that tells about the weather, Our laws, religion, hogs, and things, to boot, Where your unequalled talents teach together Turnips and “young ideas how to shoot.”
In recompense, that you’ve designed to make Choice of our soil above all other lands, A purse we’ll raise to pay your debts, and take Your unsold Registers all off your hands. For this, we ask that you, for once will show Some gratitude—and, if you can, be civil; Burn all your books, sell all your pigs, and go— No matter where—to England, or the devil!
H.
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/A Poet’s Daughter

A POET’S DAUGHTER.
FOR THE ALBUM OF MISS * * * *, AT THE REQUEST OF HER FATHER.
“ lady asks the Minstrel’s rhyme.” A Lady asks? There was a time When musical as play-bell’s chime To wearied boy, That sound would summon dreams sublime Of pride and joy.
But now the spell hath lost its sway, Life’s first-born fancies first decay, Gone are the plumes and pennons gay Of young Romance; There linger but her ruins gray, And broken lance.
’Tis a new world—no more to maid, Warrior, or bard, is homage paid; The bay-tree’s, laurel’s, myrtle’s shade, Men’s thoughts resign; Heaven placed us here to vote and trade, Twin tasks divine!
“’Tis youth, ’tis beauty asks; the green And growing leaves of seventeen Are round her; and, half hid, half seen, A violet flower, Nursed by the virtues she hath been From childhood’s hour.”
Blind passion’s picture—yet for this We woo the life-long bridal kiss, And blend our every hope of bliss With hers we love; Unmindful of the serpent’s hiss In Eden’s grove.
Beauty—the fading rainbow’s pride, Youth—’twas the charm of her who died At dawn, and by her coffin’s side A grandsire stands, Age-strengthened, like the oak storm-tried Of mountain-lands.
Youth’s coffin—hush the tale it tells! Be silent, memory’s funeral bells! Lone in one heart, her home, it dwells Untold till death, And where the grave-mound greenly swells O’er buried faith.
“But what if hers are rank and power, Armies her train, a throne her bower, A kingdom’s gold her marriage-dower, Broad seas and lands? What if from bannered hall and tower A queen commands?”
A queen? Earth’s regal moons have set. Where perished Marie Antoinette? Where’s Bordeaux’s mother? Where the jet- Black Haytian dame? And Lusitania’s coronet? And Angoulême?
Empires to-day are upside down, The castfe kneels before the town, The monarch fears a printer’s frown A brickbat’s range; Give me, in preference to a crown, Five shillings change.
“But she who asks, though first among The good, the beautiful, the young, The birthright of a spell more strong Than these hath brought her; She is your kinswoman in song, A Poet’s daughter.”
A Poet’s daughter? Could I claim The consanguinity of fame, Veins of my intellectual frame! Your blood would glow Proudly to sing that gentlest name Of aught below.
A Poet’s daughter—dearer word Lip hath not spoken nor listener heard, Fit theme for song of bee and bird From morn till even, And wind-harp by the breathing stirred Of starlit heaven.
My spirit’s wings are weak, the fire Poetic comes but to expire, Her name needs not my humble lyre To bid it live; She hath already from her sire All bard can give.
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/A Lament for Great Men departed

A LAMENT FOR GREAT MEN DEPARTED.
“Hung be the heavens with black.”
Shakespeare.
here is a gloom on every brow, A sadness in each face we see; The City Hall is lonely now, The Franklin Bank looks wearily.
The Surgeons’ Hall in Barclay Street, Wears to the eye a ghastlier hue! And Staten Island’s Summer-seat Has lost its best attractions too!
Well may we mourn a stage-and-four (Our curse upon the rogue that drove it!) From out our city lately bore All that adorn, and grace, and love it.
Ah, little knew each scoundrel horse How much they vexed, and grieved, and marred us; They cared not sixpence for the loss We feel in Colden and Bogardus.
And Doctor Mitchill, Ll. D., And Tompkins, Lord of Staten Island! Hushed be the strain of mirth and glee, ’Twere reason now to laugh or smile.
Long has proud Albany, elate, Reared her two steeples high in air, And boasted that she ruled the State, Because the Governor lives there.
But loftier now will be her tone To know, within her walls are met The brightest gems that ever shone Upon a city’s coronet.
Though heavy is our load of pain To feel that Fate has so bereft us, Some consolations yet remain, For Dicky Riker still is left us!
And Hope, with smile and gesture proud, Points to a day of triumph nigh, When, like a sunbeam from the cloud, That dims awhile an April sky,
Our champions shall again return, Their pockets with new honors crowded,
That every heart may cease to mourn, And hats no more in crape be shrouded.
The Park shall throng with merry feet, And boys and beauties hasten there, To place the new Judge on his seat! And hail the great Bogardus, Mayor!
H.
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/A Poetical Epistle

A POETICAL EPISTLE.
TO MRS. RUSH.
ady, I thank you for your letter; Would that these rhymes it asks were better Worthy of her who taught My song, when life was in its June, To mingle heart with word and tune, And melody with thought.
Gone are the days of sunny weather (I quote remembered words), when we “Revelled in poetry” together; And frightened leaves from off their tree, With declamation loud and long, From epic sage and merry song, And odes, and madrigals, and sonnets, Till all the birds within the wood, And people of the neighborhood Said we’d “a bee in both our bonnets.” And he said listening, he the most Honored and loved, and early lost— He in whose mind’s brief boyhood hour Was blended by the marvellous power
That Heaven-sent genius gave, The green blade with the golden grain; Alas! to bloom and beard in vain, Sheafed round a sick-room’s bed of pain, And garnered in the grave.
They are far away, those sunny days, And since we watched their setting rays, The music of the voice of praise From many a land, and many a clime, Has greeted my astonished rhyme; Till half in doubt, half pleased, it curled Its queerest lip upon the world, But never heard I flattery’s tone Sounding around me, “Bard, well done!” Without a blessing on the One Who flattered first—the bonnie nurse Whose young hand rocked my cradled verse.
Long may her voice, as now, be near To prompt, to pardon, and to cheer; And long be smiles for goodness’ sake, Upon her best of happy faces, Like Spenser’s Una’s given to make A sunshine in the shadiest places!
# The Poetical Writings of Fitz-Greene Halleck/Abstract of the Surgeon-General’s Report

ABSTRACT OF THE SURGEON-GENERAL’S REPORT.
he Surgeon-General by brevet, With zeal for public service burning, Thinks this a happy time to get Another chance to show his learning; He has in consequence collected His wits, and stewed them in retorts; By distillation thus perfected, He hopes to shine, and so reports
That he has searched authorities From Johnson down to Ashe and Shelley, And finds that a militia is What he is now about to tell ye: Militia means—such citizens As e’en in peace are kept campaigning— The gallant souls that shoulder guns, And, twice a year, go out a-training!
This point being fixed, we must, I think, sir, Proceed unto the second part, Entitled Grog—a kind of drink, sir, Which, by its action on the heart, Makes men so brave, they dare attack A bastion at its angle salient;
This is a well-established fact— The very proverb says—pot-valiant.
Grog—I’ll define it in a minute— Take gin, rum, whiskey, or peach-brandy, Put but a little water in it, And that is Grog—now understand me, I mean to say, that should the spirit Be left out by some careless dog, It is—I wish the world may hear it! It is plain water, and not Grog.
Having precisely fixed what Grog is (My reasoning, sir, that question settles!), We next must ascertain what Prog is— Now Prog, in vulgar phrase, is victuals: This will embrace all kinds of food, Which on the smoking board can charm ye, And by digestion furnish blood, A thing essential in an army!
These things should all be swallowed warm, For heat, digestion much facilitates; Cold is a tonic, and does harm; A tonic always, sir, debilitates. My plan then is to raise, as fast As possible, a corps of cooks, And drill them daily from the last Editions of your cookery-books!
Done into English and likewise into verse by H. and D.