OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Himerius

From volume 7 of the work.
(called also EUMERIUS and COMERIUS)
An Archbishop of Tarragona in Spain, 385. He is the first archbishop of this province subsequent to St. Fructuosus, who died a martyr, 21 Jan., 259, whose name has come down to us. Nothing is known about the acts of this bishop, not even the beginning or end of his reign. He is not mentioned among those who took an active part in the Priscillian controversy of that time, nor is his name in the list of bishops who assembled (380) at Saragossa in the Province of Tarragona. Because Pope Siricius in his letter uses the phrase pro antiquitate sacerdotii tui, it might be inferred that Himerius was bishop long before 385; still the words may refer to his dignity as archbishop. Himerius had sent several questions to Pope Damasus, who died before their arrival. His successor, Siricius, took up the matter, and sent an answer dated 10 Feb., 385.
This answer, which is the first known papal decretal, gives solutions to the questions proposed, and orders Himerius to make known the enactments to the other churches. It forbids the rebaptizing of converts from Arianism and orders that they be received by the simple imposition of the bishop's hand. It forbids the conferring of solemn baptism except at Easter and Pentecost; demands that petition for baptism be made forty days previous to its reception, and that it be preceded by prayers and fasting; but enjoins the duty of giving baptism as quickly as possible to infants and others in danger of death. No one is allowed to marry a woman betrothed to another; apostates, if repentant, are to be subjected to penance for the rest of their lives, but at the hour of death they are to be reconciled. Rules are laid down for the treatment of all penitents, especially of such as had relapsed. It determines the age of thirty-five for those to be ordained priests, requiring the reception of baptism before the age of puberty and the receiving of minor orders. It permits the acolyte and subdeacon to marry once, and then with a virgin, but requires celibacy of the deacon and priest; inflicts severe penalties on the incontinent and condemns to perpetual incarceration monks and nuns unfaithful to their vows. The pope also expresses his earnest wish that monks known for their prudence and sanctity of life be admitted to the clergy.
WARD in Dict. Christ. Biog., s. v.; KAULEN in Kirchenlexikon, s. v.; GAMS, Kirchengeschichte Spaniens (Ratisbon, 1864), I, 426; P. L., XIII, 1131; LVI, 554.
FRANCIS MERSHMAN.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Hilduin

From volume 7 of the work.
He died 22 November, 840. He was a scion of a prominent Frankish family, hut the time and place of his nativity are unknown. He was educated in the school of Alcuin, acquired much erudition, and corresponded with Rabanus Maurus. Hincmar of Reims, his pupil, speaks of him with great respect. In 815 he obtained the Abbey of St-Denis near Paris; to which were added later the Abbeys of St-Germain des Prés, St-Médard in Soissons, and St-Ouen. Emperor Louis the Pious appointed him his archchaplain in 819, or, more probably, not until 822. He accompanied Louis's son, Lothair, on his expedition to Rome in 824, on which occasion the latter took part in the conflict over the election of Eugene II. Hilduin brought back with him from Rome some relics of St. Sebastian and bestowed them on the Abbey of St-Médard. In the war between Emperor Louis and his sons (830) Hilduin took the side of the latter. Thereby he lost his abbeys and was banished, first to Paderborn and then to the Abbey of Corvey (near Höxter on the Weser). Abbot Warin of that monastery received him kindly, in return for which Hilduin presented him with the relics of St. Vitus, which thereafter were profoundly venerated in Corvey. No later than 831, however, Hilduin regained Louis's favour. He was reinstated in the Abbey of St-Denis, whereupon he successfully undertook a reform of that monastery. A few years later (835) Emperor Louis commissioned him to write a biography of St. Dionysius of Paris, the emperor's particular patron saint. Hilduin executed this commission, with the aid of the pseudo-Dionysius's writings, a copy of which had been sent to the Frankish court by the Byzantine Emperor Michael II, and of other authorities (Galenus, "Areopagitica", Cologne, 1653; P. L., CIV, 1326-28; CVI, 23-50). In his "Vita" Hilduin identified Dionysius of Paris with the Areopagite Dionysius, a view not generally accepted at that time, but which Hilduin's biography popularized for several centuries, until Sismondi and others dispelled this error. Hilduin also helped to complete the Carlovingian "Reichsannalen", or imperial annals.
CALMETTE, Les abbés Hilduin au IX$^e$ siècle (Nogent, 1905); DÜMMLER, Geschichte des ostfränkischen Reiches, 2nd ed., I (1887); EBERT, Allgemeine Geschichte der Literatur des Mittelalters, II (1890), 348 sq.; Histoire littéraire de la France, IV, 607-13; MONOD, Hilduin et les Annales Einhardi (Paris, 1895); FOSS, Ueber den Abt Hilduin von St. Denis und Dionysius Areopagita (Berlin, 1886); WATTENBACH, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter, 7th ed., I (Berlin, 1904); HURTER, Nomenclator.
J. P. KIRSCH.
# Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. I/XI

[ Skeat's Notes on this Poem ]
XI. MERCILES BEAUTE: A TRIPLE ROUNDEL.
I. Captivity.
Your yën two wol slee me sodenly, I may the beautè of hem not sustene, So woundeth hit through-out my herte kene.
And but your word wol helen hastily My hertes wounde, whyl that hit is grene, 5 Your yën two wol slee me sodenly, I may the beautè of hem not sustene.
Upon my trouthe I sey yow feithfully, That ye ben of my lyf and deeth the quene; For with my deeth the trouthe shal be sene. 10 Your yën two wol slee me sodenly, I may the beautè of hem not sustene, So woundeth hit through-out my herte kene.
II. Rejection.
So hath your beautè fro your herte chaced Pitee, that me ne availeth not to pleyne; 15 For Daunger halt your mercy in his cheyne.
​Giltles my deeth thus han ye me purchaced; I sey yow sooth, me nedeth not to feyne; So hath your beautè fro your herte chaced Pitee, that me ne availeth not to pleyne. 20
Allas! that nature hath in yow compassed So greet beautè, that no man may atteyne To mercy, though he sterve for the peyne. So hath your beautè fro your herte chaced Pitee, that me ne availeth not to pleyne; 25 For Daunger halt your mercy in his cheyne.
III. Escape.
Sin I fro Love escaped am so fat, I never thenk to ben in his prison lene; Sin I am free, I counte him not a bene.
He may answere, and seye this or that; 30 I do no fors, I speke right as I mene. Sin I fro Love escaped am so fat, I never thenk to ben in his prison lene.
Love hath my name y-strike out of his sclat, And he is strike out of my bokes clene 35 For ever-mo; [ther] is non other mene. Sin I fro Love escaped am so fat, I never thenk to ben in his prison lene; Sin I am free, I counte him not a bene. 39
Explicit.
This excellent text is from P. (MS. Pepys 2006, p. 390). I note all variations from the MS.]
1. P. Yowre two yen; but read Your yen two; for in ll., 6, II, the MS. has Your yen, &c. P. wolle sle. 2. them; read hem. 3. wondeth it thorowout (out in the margin). 4. wille. 5. Mi hertis wound while; it. 6, 7. Your yen, &c. 8. trouth. 9. liffe; deth. 10. deth; trouth. 11-13. Your yen, &c. 14. yowre. 15. nauailleth; pleyn. 16. danger.
17. deth. 18. soth; fayn. 19, 20. So hath your, &c. 21. compased. 22. grete; atteyn. 23. peyn. 24-26. So hath your beaute, &c. 28. neuere. 29. fre. 30. answere & sey. 32, 33. Syn I fro loue, &c. 34. I strike. 36. this is (read ther is). 37-39. Syn I fro loue, &c.
# Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. I/XIII

[ Skeat's Notes on this Poem ]
XIII. TRUTH.
Balade de bon conseyl.
Flee fro the prees, and dwelle with sothfastnesse, Suffyce unto thy good, though hit be smal; For hord hath hate, and climbing tikelnesse, Prees hath envye, and wele blent overal; Savour no more than thee bihove shal; 5 Werk wel thy-self, that other folk canst rede; And trouthe shal delivere, hit is no drede.
Tempest thee noght al croked to redresse, In trust of hir that turneth as a bal: Gret reste stant in litel besinesse; 10 And eek be war to sporne ageyn an al; Stryve noght, as doth the crokke with the wal. Daunte thy-self, that dauntest otheres dede; And trouthe shal delivere, hit is no drede.
That thee is sent, receyve in buxumnesse, 15 The wrastling for this worlde axeth a fal. Her nis non hoom, her nis but wildernesse: Forth, pilgrim, forth! Forth, beste, out of thy stal! ​Know thy contree, look up, thank God of al; Hold the hye wey, and lat thy gost thee lede: 20 And trouthe shal delivere, hit is no drede.
Envoy.
Therfore, thou vache, leve thyn old wrecchednesse Unto the worlde; leve now to be thral; Crye him mercy, that of his hy goodnesse Made thee of noght, and in especial 25 Draw unto him, and pray in general For thee, and eek for other, hevenlich mede; And trouthe shal delivere, hit is no drede. 28
Explicit Le bon counseill de G. Chaucer.
Title. Gg. has—Balade de bone conseyl; F. has—Balade.
The MSS. are At. (Addit. 10340, Brit. Museum); Gg. (Camb. Univ. Library, Gg. 4. 27); E. (Ellesmere MS.); Ct. (Cotton, Cleop. D. 7); T. (Trin. Coll. Camb. R. 3. 20); F. (Fairfax 16); and others. The text is founded on E.
2. E. Suffise. E. good; T. goode; At. Ct. thing; Gg. þyng. 4. At. blent; T. blenteþe; Gg. blyndyþ; E. blyndeth; Ct. blindeth; see note. 5. E. the. 7. T. inserts thee before shal. 8. Tempest] Harl. F. T. Peyne. 9. E. trist; the rest trust. 10. Gg. Gret reste; T. Gret rest; E. For gret reste; Ct. For greet rest; At. Mych wele. E. bisynesse; rest besynesse. 11. E. ek; agayn. 13. E. Ct. Daunt; the rest Daunte. 14. T. inserts thee before shal. 15. E. the; boxomnesse.
19. Know thy contree] Harl. F. T. Loke vp on hie. E. lok; the rest loke, looke. 20. For Hold the hye wey, Harl. F. and others have Weyve thy lust. E. the (for thee). 21. T. inserts thee before shal. 22-28. This stanza is in At. only. 22. At. þine olde wrechedenesse. 23. At. world. 24. At. Crie hym; hys hie. 25. At. þe; nouȝt. 26. At. Drawe; hym. 27. At. þe; eke; heuenelyche. 28. At. schal delyuere. Colophon: so in F.
# Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. I/VIII

[ Skeat's Notes on this Poem ]
VIII. CHAUCERS WORDES UNTO ADAM, HIS OWNE SCRIVEYN.
Adam scriveyn, if ever it thee bifalle Boece or Troilus to wryten newe, Under thy lokkes thou most have the scalle, But after my making thou wryte trewe. So ofte a daye I mot thy werk renewe, 5 Hit to correcte and eek to rubbe and scrape; And al is through thy negligence and rape.
From T. (= MS. R. 3. 20 in Trin. Coll. Library, Cambridge). It also occurs in Stowe's edition (1561).
Title; T. has—Chauciers wordes .a. Geffrey vn-to Adame his owen scryveyne; Stowe has—Chaucers woordes vnto his owne Scriuener.
1. T. scryveyne; byfalle. 2. T. Troylus for to; nuwe. 3. T. thy long lokkes (see note); thowe. 4. T. affter; makyng thowe wryte more truwe (see note). 5. T. offt; renuwe. 6. T. It; corect; Stowe has correcte. T. eke. 7. T. thorugh; neclygence.
# Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. I/XII

[ Skeat's Notes on this Poem ]
XII. TO ROSEMOUNDE. A BALADE.
Madame, ye ben of al beautè shryne As fer as cercled is the mappemounde; For as the cristal glorious ye shyne, And lyke ruby ben your chekes rounde. Therwith ye ben so mery and so iocounde, 5 That at a revel whan that I see you daunce, It is an oynement unto my wounde, Thogh ye to me ne do no daliaunce.
For thogh I wepe of teres ful a tyne, Yet may that wo myn herte nat confounde; 10 Your seemly voys that ye so smal out-twyne Maketh my thoght in Ioye and blis habounde. So curteisly I go, with lovë bounde, That to my-self I sey, in my penaunce, Suffyseth me to love you, Rosemounde, 15 Thogh ye to me ne do no daliaunce.
Nas never pyk walwed in galauntyne As I in love am walwed and y-wounde; For which ful ofte I of my-self divyne That I am trewe Tristan the secounde. 20 My love may not refreyd be nor afounde; I brenne ay in an amorous plesaunce. Do what you list, I wil your thral be founde, Thoghe ye to me ne do no daliaunce. 24
Tregentil.Chaucer.
From MS. Rawl. Poet. 163, leaf 114.
No title in the MS. Readings. 2. mapamonde. 3. cristall. 4. chekys. 5. ioconde. 6. Reuell; se; dance. 8. Thoght (see 16); daliance. 11. semy (sic); read seemly; fynall, for final(misreading of fmal). 12. Makyth; ioy; blys. 13. curtaysly. 18. I wounde. 19. deuyne. 20. trew. 21. refreyde (with be above the line, just before it); affounde. 22. amorouse. 23. lyst; wyl. 24. daliance.
# Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Wikipedia article
United States Supreme Court
382 U.S. 422
Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company
The motion to affirm is granted and the judgment is affirmed.
Mr. Justice FORTAS took no part in the consideration or decision of these cases.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Wikipedia article
United States Supreme Court
380 U.S. 448
Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company
The judgment is reversed. Texas & P. R. Co. v. Gulf, C. & S. F. R. Co., 270 U.S. 266, 278, 46 S.Ct. 263, 266, 70 L.Ed. 578.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
380 U.S. 448
Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company
See 381 U.S. 907, 85 S.Ct. 1445.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin.
John C. Danielson, Chicago, Ill., for appellant.
Frank M. Long, Chicago, Ill., for appellees.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. United Transportation Union

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Brennan
United States Supreme Court
402 U.S. 570
Chicago & North Western Railway Co. v. United Transportation Union
Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
No. 189. Argued: January 18, 1971 --- Decided: June 1, 1971
Petitioner railroad brought this suit (after formal procedures of the Railway Labor Act had been exhausted) to enjoin a threatened strike by respondent Union, charging that the Union had failed to perform its obligations under § 2 First of the Railway Labor Act "to exert every reasonable effort to make and maintain agreements concerning rates of pay, rules, and working conditions." The Union answered that the Norris-LaGuardia Act deprived the District Court of jurisdiction to enjoin the strike and that in any event the complaint failed to state a claim on which relief could be granted. The District Court, declining to pass on whether either party had violated § 2 First, concluded that the matter was one for administrative determination by the National Mediation Board and was not justiciable, and that §§ 4 and 7 of the Norris-LaGuardia Act deprived the court of jurisdiction to enjoin the threatened strike. The Court of Appeals affirmed, construing § 2 First as hortatory and not enforceable by the courts but only by the National Mediation Board.
Held:
    1. Sec. 2 First was intended to be, not just a mere exhortation, but an enforceable legal obligation on carriers and employees alike. Pp. 574-578.
    2. The obligation imposed by § 2 First, which is central to the effective working of the Railway Labor Act, is enforceable in the courts rather than by the Mediation Board, as is clear from the Act's legislative history. Pp. 578-581.
    3. Sec. 4 of the Norris-LaGuardia Act does not prohibit the use of a strike injunction where that remedy is the only practical, effective means of enforcing the duty imposed by § 2 First. Pp. 581-584.
422 F. 2d 979, reversed and remanded.
HARLAN, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which BURGER, C.J., and STEWART, MARSHALL, and BLACKMUN, JJ., joined. BRENNAN, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which BLACK, DOUGLAS, and WHITE, JJ., joined, post, p. 584.
William H. Dempsey, Jr., argued the cause for petitioner. With him on the briefs were David Booth Beers and Richard M. Freeman.
John H. Haley, Jr., argued the cause for respondent. With him on the brief was John J. Naughton.
J. Albert Woll, Laurence Gold, and Thomas E. Harris filed a brief for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations as amicus curiae urging affirmance.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
382 U.S. 422
Chicago & North Western Railway Company v. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company
INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION
v.
CHICAGO, BURLINGTON & QUINCY RAILROAD CO. et al.
No. 752.
Appeals from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.
Jordan Jay Hillman, Bryce L. Hamilton and John C. Danielson, for appellants Chicago & North Western Ry. Co. and others.
Robert W. Ginnane and Leonard S. Goodman, for appellant Interstate Commerce Commission.
Eldon Martin, Robert J. Cooney, Frank S. Farrell, Robert G. Gehrz, William P. Higgins, Curtis H. Berg, John H. Bishop, Louis E. Torinus, Jr., and Paul M. Sand, for appellees.
Jan. 24, 1966.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago & St. Louis N. O. Railroad Company v. Pullman South Car Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
139 U.S. 79
Chicago & St. Louis N. O. Railroad Company v. Pullman South Car Company
[Syllabus from pages 79-80 intentionally omitted]
James Fentress, T. J. Semmes, and Girault Farrar, for plaintiff in error.
Thos. F. Hargis, Geo. B. Eastin, E. H. Farrar, B. F. Jones, and E. B. Kruttschnitt, for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice HARLAN, after stating the facts in the foregoing language, delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago Northwestern Railway Company v. Gray

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
237 U.S. 399
Chicago Northwestern Railway Company v. Gray
Argued: April 19 and 20, 1915. --- Decided: May 3, 1915
Mr. Edward M. Smart for plaintiff in error.
Mr. Stephen J. McMahon for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chicago Poems

CHICAGO POEMS
By CARL SANDBURG
NEW YORK HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY 1916
Copyright, 1916 by HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY
Published April, 1916
THE QUINN & BODEN CO. PRESS RAHWAY, N. J.
To
MY WIFE AND PAL LILLIAN STEICHEN SANDBURG
PREFATORY NOTE
Some of these writings were first printed in Poetry: A Magazine of Verse, Chicago. Permission to reprint is by courtesy of that publication. The writer wishes to thank Harriet Monroe and Alice Corbin Henderson, editors of Poetry, and William Marion Reedy, editor of Reedy's Mirror, St. Louis, whose services have heightened what values of human address herein hold good.
CONTENTS
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1967, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 56 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Thangmar

From volume 14 of the work.
(THANKMAR)
Historian, b. about the middle of the tenth century; d. probably at Hildesheim after 1022. His first appearance in history is as the head of the cathedral school at Hildesheim; at a later date he became dean of the cathedral, and being at the same time notary and librarian his position was a very important one. Thangmar was distinguished both as a scholar and a statesman; he taught Bishops Bernward of Hildesheim, Meinwerk of Paderborn, and Benno of Meissen, as well as the Emperor Henry II. He exercised great influence over Bernward of Hildesheim, and a large part of the affairs under episcopal control were directed by him. In 1000 he accompanied Bernward to Rome, and was sent several times to the imperial court as the representative of the bishop to settle important matters, being highly esteemed by Emperor Otto III. After the death of Bernward in 1022 he wrote an account of the active and varied life of the bishop, a biography for which he had already gathered the material and of which he had probably written the first ten chapters during the years 1008-13. He had been an eye-witness of many of the events he relates and had taken as active part in all important measures. As he says himself, Bernward trusted him as a child does its father. Consequently his "Vita Bernwardi" is one of the finest biographical productions of the Middle Ages, and is also one of the most valuable authorities for an important period of German history. He displays much affection for the dead bishop, and has written a plain and simple narrative, unrhetorical and truthful. It is only in the account of the dispute between the Archbishops of Hildesheim and Maniz as to the right of jurisdiction over Gandesheim that Thangmar appears at times to be a partisan of Bernward. The best edition is that in the "Mon. Germ. Hist.: Scriptores", IV, 757-782; it is also found in Migne, P.L., CXL, 393-436. The life has been edited in German by Hüffer (Berlin, 1857), and by Wattenbach (Leipzig, 1892).
WATTENBACH, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen, I (Berlin, 1893), 346-349; BEELTE, Thangmar, sein Leben u. Beurieilung seiner Vita Bernwardi (Hildesheim, 1891).
PATRICIUS SCHLAGER