OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gell, Robert

1904 Errata appended.
​GELL, ROBERT, D.D. (d. 1665), divine, was a member of the family of Gell at Hopton, Derbyshire. He appears to have been educated at Cambridge, and after that to have held the living of Pampisford in Cambridgeshire. He was for some time one of the chaplains to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and frequently preached before the university of Cambridge, in 1631 before Charles I, and in 1641 before the lord mayor and aldermen of London in the Mercers' Chapel. About this time he appears to have been appointed to the rectory of St. Mary, Aldermanbury, London, which he held till his death on 20 March 1665. He seems to have taken much interest in astrology, and at least twice (1649 and 1650) preached before the Society of Astrologers. His works exhibit wide and varied learning, much wit, considerable critical power, and a fund of curious allegorical illustrations; the ‘Remaines’ are especially valuable as a collection of most ingenious skeleton discourses. He wrote:
* ‘Ἀγγελοκρατία Θεοῦ, or a Sermon (Deut. xxxii. 8, 9) touching God's Government of the World by Angels,’ 1650.
* ‘Noah's Flood returning,’ a sermon (on Matt. xxiv. 37–9) preached before the lord mayor, &c., 1655.
* ‘Stella Nova, a new Starre leading wise Men unto Christ,’ a sermon (Matt. ii. 2), no date.
* ‘An Essay towards the Amendment of the last English Translation of the Bible. The first Part, on the Pentateuch,’ 1659.
* ‘Gell's Remaines: or Several Select Scriptures of the New Testament opened and explained; collected and set in order by R. Bacon,’ 1676.
[Baker's Hist. London, art. ‘St. Mary, Aldermanbury;’ Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iii. 562; Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. iii. 19.]
A. C. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.134 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 115 | ii | 3 | Gell, Robert: for (d. 1665) read (1595-1665) |
| | | 4 | before was a member insert born on 19 Feb. 1594-5 (Sloane MS. 1707, f. 13) at Frindsbury, Kent, |
| | | 5-8 | for He appears to have been educated . . . . Cambridgeshire, read He was educated at Westminster School, and proceeded with a king's scholarship to Christ's College, Cambridge, where he matriculated as sizar in 1615. He graduated B.A. 1617-8, M.A. 1621, B.D. 1628, and D.D. 1641, being fellow of Christ's from 1623 till after 1638. |
| | | 17 | for his death on 25 March 1665 read his death at Pampisford on 20 March 1664-5 and after 1665. insert He married about 1644 a lady owning property at Pampisford, in Cambridgeshire, and his widow (Elizabeth) died there, 12 Sept. 1668, leaving a daughter, Elizabeth, who erected an altar tomb to her parents in Pampisford churchyard in 1674. Gell left his books to Christ's and Queens' Colleges, with money 'to buy books,' to those foundations, as well as to the king's scholars of Westminster. |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gendall, John

​GENDALL, JOHN (1790–1865), painter, a native of Devonshire, showed an early taste for drawing, and was sent to London with an introduction to Sir John Soane [q. v.] Soane gave him his first commission, a drawing of one of the windows in Westminster, and introduced him to Rudolph Ackermann [q. v.], the print-seller and publisher in the Strand. Gendall was employed by Ackermann for some years in managing the business, in developing the new art of lithography, and in illustrating publications. He was sent by the firm on a sketching tour through Normandy; Gendall's sketches, with some by Augustus Pugin, were published in 1821 under the title of ‘Picturesque Tour of the Seine from Paris to the Sea,’ the text being by M. Sauvan. On 6 Nov. 1862 Gendall gave an illustrated description of this tour, with the sketches, at Exeter. He drew many views for Ackermann's topographical publications, such as ‘Views of Country Seats;’ and some of his views were engraved in aquatint by T. Sutherland, including three of Edinburgh, some of Richmond, Kew, and other places. On quitting Ackermann's house Gendall settled in the Cathedral Yard at Exeter, where he resided till his death. He now painted for his own recreation and profit, chiefly in oil, and his favourite subjects were the glens and rocky dells of his native county, or the scenery of the Teign, the Avon, and other Devonshire rivers. His paintings were highly appreciated. A friend once passed one off to some connoisseurs as a work of Turner. Turner himself thought highly of Gendall's work. Gendall never aimed at strength in colour, but rather sought to depict the calm repose of nature. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1846, sending two scenes on the Avon. He continued to exhibit up to 1863, confining himself to views of Devonshire scenery. He was considered a very good judge of art; his advice was often sought and always readily given. Though afflicted with a long illness, he worked up to the close of his life. He died at Exeter, 1 March 1865, aged 75. A large collection of his paintings was sold by his executors soon after his death.
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jodrell, Paul

​JODRELL, Sir PAUL, M.D. (d. 1803), physician, was second son of Paul Jodrell of Duffield, Derbyshire, solicitor-general to Frederick, prince of Wales, by Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Warner of North Elmham, Norfolk (Burke, Peerage, 1891, p. 762). He was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, graduated B.A. in 1769 as eleventh wrangler, was elected fellow, and proceeded M.A. in 1772, M.D. in 1786. On 30 Sept. of the latter year he was admitted a candidate of the College of Physicians, and a fellow on 1 Oct. 1787. He was appointed physician to the London Hospital on 6 Dec. 1786, but resigned that office in November 1787, when he went to India as physician to the nabob of Arcot. He had been knighted on 26 Oct. in the same year (Townsend, Calendar of Knights, 1828, p. 34). Jodrell died on 6 Aug. 1803, at his house on Choaltry Plain, Madras. By his wife Jane, daughter of Sir Robert Bewicke of Close House, Northumberland, he had a daughter, Paulina Elizabeth (d. 1862), who married, in June 1804, Sir John Henry Seale, bart. (d. 1844).
Jodrell was author of a farce acted at Covent Garden, but the title does not appear (Gent. Mag. vol. ci. pt. i. p. 272 n.) The plays of his elder brother, Richard Paul Jodrell [q. v.], are wrongly assigned to him in Baker's ‘Biographia Dramatica,’ 1812, i. 400.
[Munk's Coll. of Phys. (1878), ii. 378; Cambridge University Calendar; Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, ix. 2.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jofroi of Waterford

​JOFROI or GEOFFROY of Waterford (fl. 1290), translator, was a member ot the order of Saint Dominic. He is known mainly as translator into French of the apocryphal account of the Trojan war by Dares Phrygius and of the Latin history by Eutropius. A French translation of the 'Secrete Secretorum,' erroneously attributed to Aristotle, is also ascribed to Jofroi. The productions of Jofroi appear to be now extant only in a thirteenth-century manuscript, formerly in the collection of Colbert and now in the National Library, Paris. The name of Jofroi has been latinised as Gotafridus.
[Quétif's Scriptores Ordinis Pradicatorum, 1719-21; De la Rue's Essais Historiques, 1834; Hist. Littéraire de France, 1847, xxi.]
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jocelyn, Robert (1731-1797)

​JOCELYN, ROBERT, first Earl of Roden (1731–1797), born in July 1731, was only son of Robert, first viscount Jocelyn [q. v.], by his first wife, Charlotte, daughter of Charles Anderson of Worcester. In 1750 he was appointed auditor-general for Ireland, and held the office till his death. On 13 Feb. 1756 he entered parliament as member for the borough of Old Leighlin. On 3 Dec. of the same year he succeeded to the viscounty, on the death of his father. On 1 Dec. 1771 he was created Earl of Roden of High Roding, co. Tipperary. He died at York Street, Dublin, on 22 June 1797, and was succeeded by his son Robert. On 11 Dec. 1752 he married Anne, daughter and heiress of James, earl of Clanbrassil, by whom he had four sons (one of whom, Percy, bishop of Clogher, is separately noticed) and six daughters.
[Family records; Gent. Mag. 1797, pt. ii. p. 616; Lodge's Peerage of Ireland; Ann. Register.]
T. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jocelyn, Robert (1788-1870)

​JOCELYN, ROBERT, third Earl of Roden (1788–1870), born on 27 Oct. 1788, was son of Robert, the second earl, by his first wife, Frances Theodosia, eldest daughter of Robert Bligh, dean of Elphin. In 1810 he was elected M.P. for Dundalk, and continued to sit in the House of Commons until 29 June 1820, when he succeeded to the earldom on the death of his father. In 1821 he was created a peer of the United Kingdom by the title of Baron Clanbrassil, and in the same year a knight of St. Patrick. From the time of his entrance on public life he was an ardent conservative, and for many years he took a prominent part in conservative and protestant gatherings in the north of ​Ireland and elsewhere. Religious societies, such as the Hibernian Bible Society, the Sunday School Society, the Evangelical Alliance, and the Protestant Orphan Society, found in him a warm supporter. He regularly conducted service in the private chapel at Tullymore Park, Castlewellan, co. Down, where he chiefly resided when in Ireland, and delivered addresses to which the public were admitted. In the Orange Society he became a noted leader, ultimately rising to the rank of grand master. On 12 July 1849 an affray took place between Orangemen and Roman catholics at Dolly's Brae, near Castlewellan, in which a number of lives were lost. A commission of inquiry appointed to examine into the matter censured Lord Roden for his conduct in connection with this affair, and he was deprived of his place on the commission of the peace. He died on 20 March 1870 at Edinburgh, where he had gone for the benefit of his health, and was buried in the family vault at Bryansford, co. Down. Lord Roden was twice married, first, on 9 Jan. 1813, to Maria Frances Catherine, second daughter of Thomas, lord De Spencer, who died in 1861; and secondly, in 1862, to Clementina Janet, daughter of Thomas Andrews of Greenknowes, North Britain, and widow of Captain Robert Lushington Reilly of Scarva, co. Down. By his first wife he had three sons and three daughters. He was succeeded in the title and estates by his grandson, Robert, son of his heir Robert, viscount Jocelyn (1816–1854).
[Family information; Burke's Peerage; obit. notice in Belfast Newsletter, 1870.]
T. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/John (d.1147)

​JOHN (d. 1147), bishop of Glasgow, was a man of learning, who was entrusted with the education of David, brother of Alexander I of Scotland. In 1115 he was chosen by his former pupil while Earl of Cumberland to be first bishop of Glasgow on the restoration of the see. John, alarmed at the savagery of his diocese, was minded to go to Jerusalem, and somewhat unwillingly consented to his consecration by Pope Paschal II (Reg. Episc. Glasg. i. 6). Like other Scottish bishops of the day John was soon involved in a struggle against the pretensions of the see of York, and eventually, in 1122, Archbishop Thurstan suspended him. John appealed to Rome, and when the appeal was decided against him went on to Jerusalem, where he acted as suffragan to the patriarch. Next year Calixtus II ordered him to return. In 1125 John went to Rome to seek the pallium for St. Andrews, but without success. Thurstan was also present, and took occasion to accuse John before the pope of disobedience, and of deserting his diocese. Honorius censured John, and fixed a day in the following year for the hearing of the dispute; but a postponement was agreed to at the intercession of King David (T. Stubbs, ap. Script. Decem. 1719). At last the struggle led to the erection of the new see of Carlisle, and the consequent curtailment of the nominal extent of the diocese of Glasgow. John thereupon withdrew once more, on this occasion to Tiron in Picardy, where he remained as a monk till 1138. In that year Alberic, the papal legate, visited Scotland, and finding John was absent without license, and had left no representative, ordered him to return (Ric. Hexham, p. 99, Surtees Soc.) King David had a great regard for John, and in 1129 made him his chancellor, but the bishop did not long retain ​that office. John obtained numerous donations for his see from the king (Reg. Episc. Glasg. i. 1-11); he formed the two archdeaconries of Glasgow and Teviotdale, and founded the various offices of dean, chancellor, &c. He rebuilt the cathedral, which was consecrated 7 July 1136; his structure, which was burnt about forty years later, was mostly of wood, but some of his work may survive in the present transepts. John died 28 May 1147, and was buried in the abbey of Jedburgh, which David had founded by his advice and counsel. Eadmer [q. v.] sought John's advice as to remaining at St. Andrews in 1120, and was recommended to leave Scotland (Hist. Nov. p. 285, Rolls Ser.) John is sometimes given the surname Achaius; Thomas Stubbs in one place calls him Michael (Script. Decem. 1713). Dempster ascribes to him treatises 'de solitudinis encomio' and 'de amicitia spirituali,' which are no doubt fictitious (Hist. Eccl. ix. 733).
[Chron. Melrose, Bannatyne Club; Chronicles of Richard and John of Hexham, Surtees Soc., with Raine's notes; Dixon and Raine's Fasti Eboracenses, i. 197-8; Haddan and Stubbs's Councils and Eccles. Docs. ii. 192-217, for the dispute with Thurstan; Gordon's Scotichronieon, ii. 469-70; Grub's Eccl. Hist. Scotl. i. 220-3, 261-5.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Legge, Heneage

​LEGGE, HENEAGE (1704–1759), judge, second son of William, first earl of Dartmouth [q. v.], by Lady Anne Finch, third daughter of Heneage Finch, first earl of Aylesford [q. v.], born in March 1703–4, was admitted a member of the Inner Temple in 1723, and called to the bar in 1728. On 12 Dec. 1734 he was appointed steward of Lichfield, in February 1739–40 he took silk, and the same year was elected a bencher of his inn; in 1743 he was appointed counsel to the admiralty and auditor of Greenwich Hospital. In June 1747 Legge was raised to the exchequer bench, in succession to Sir James Reynolds [q. v.] At the Oxford assizes in March 1752 he tried the case of the parricide, Mary Blandy [q. v.] Legge's charge to the jury and ​his treatment of the prisoner afford a favourable impression of his ability, impartiality, and humanity. In the conference of the judges on the Habeas Corpus Extension Bill of 1758 Legge opposed the measure. He died on 30 Aug. 1759. Legge married in 1740 Catherine, daughter of Jonathan Fogg, merchant, of London; she died on 25 Nov. 1759. By her Legge had issue a son, Heneage, who resided at Idlicote, Warwickshire, and married in 1768 Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Musgrave of Edenhall, bart., and two daughters: Catherine, married to Charles Chester, brother to William, first lord Bagot; and Ann, who died unmarried in 1752.
[Collins's Peerage (Brydges), iv. 121; Inner Temple Books; Harwood's Lichfield, p. 438; Hist. MSS. Comm. 11th Rep. App. pt. v. 329; Howell's State Trials, xviii. 290 et seq., 1118 et seq.; Walpole's Memoirs of the Reign of George II, ed. Lord Holland, iii. 118; Gent. Mag. 1759, pp. 442, 497; Hasted's Kent, ed. Drake, pt. i., 'Hundred of Blackheath,' Dartmouth Pedigree facing p. 244.]
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Legge, Edward

​LEGGE, EDWARD (1710–1747), commodore, born in 1710, was fifth son of William Legge, first earl of Dartmouth [q. v.] He entered the navy in 1726, on board, the Royal Oak, one of the fleet under Sir Charles Wager [q. v.] for the relief of Gibraltar. He afterwards served in the Poole, in the Kinsale with the Hon. George Clinton, in the Salisbury and Namur, and passed his examination on 4 July 1732. He was promoted to be lieutenant of the Deptford on 5 March 1733-4, and to be captain on 26 July 1738. In 1739 he was appointed to the Pearl, one of the ships fitting for the voyage to the Pacific under Commodore George (afterwards Lord) Anson [q. v.] From her he was moved ​into the Severn, another of Anson's squadron, which after many delays sailed from St. Helens in September 1740. In the violent storm to the southward of Cape Horn the Severn and the Pearl were separated from the commodore on 10 April 1741. The storm, blowing from the north-west, raged continuously for forty days, during which time they beat to the westward. When the weather permitted they stood to the north, supposing that they had passed into the Pacific. They were in fact still in the Atlantic, the leeway and current together having more than nullified the laborious windward sailing, and on 1 June found themselves off Cape Frio (Gent Mag. 1741, xi. 611). The case is often referred to as an instance of the extreme uncertainty of the determination of longitude by dead reckoning only. On 30 June they reached Rio Janeiro in an almost helpless state, having lost a very great many of their men by sickness. After recruiting his ship's company Legge returned to England, where he arrived in April 1742. In 1745 he commanded the Strafford in the West Indies, and in 1746 the Windsor on the home station, when he sat as a member of the courts-martial on Admirals Richard Lestock [q. v.] and Thomas Mathews [q. v.] In 1747 he went out as commodore and commander-in-chief at the Leeward Islands, with orders to supersede his predecessor, Commodore Fitzroy Henry Lee [q. v.], and try him by court-martial for misconduct and neglect of duty. Lee, however, was sent home without being tried, and Legge shortly afterwards died, on 19 Sept. 1747.
[Charnock's Biog. Nav. iv. 380; commission and warrant books in the Public Record Office; letters to Anson in Addit. MS. 15956, ff. 178-186; Anson's Voyage round the World.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Legat, Francis

​LEGAT, FRANCIS (1755–1809), engraver, was born in 1755 at Edinburgh. He is sometimes stated to have been of French origin, and he may possibly have been a descendant of François Leguat [q. v.] Legat studied art under Alexander Runciman [q. v.], and according to some accounts learnt engraving from Sir Robert Strange [q. v.] This is, however, uncertain. Legat came to London about 1780, and took lodgings at 22 Charles Street, Westminster, where he engraved for Boydell 'Mary Queen of Scots resigning the Crown.' from a picture by Gavin Hamilton (1730-1797) [q.v.], in the collection of James Boswell. Here also he engraved 'The Princes in the Tower.' from a picture by J. Northcote, R.A., in the collection of the 'Earl of Egremont. About 1790 he left Charles Street for Sloane Sauare, where he completed an engraving or 'The Death of Cordelia,' after the picture by James Barry, R. A., in the Shakespeare Gallery. In 1797 he moved again to 21 Pleasant Row, Camden Town, where he completed a plate of 'Cassandra' (a portrait of Lady Hamilton) from 'Troilus and Cressida.' after the picture by G. Romney in the Shakespeare Gallery. He finally moved in 1799 to 2 Charles Street, near the Middlesex Hospital, where he resided till his death. Here he engraved 'Ophelia' and 'King, Queen, and Laertes in Hamlet.' after pictures by Benjamin West. He was appointed historical engraver to the Prince of Wales. Encouraged by his success and the money brought to Boydell by his engravings, Legat determined to publish an engraving on his own account, and secured a picture of 'The Death of Sir Ralph Abercrombie' by Stothard for that purpose. The subscription list did not fill, and Legat fell into pecuniary embarrassment. He suffered from mental depression, and died in Charles Street on 7 April 1809, in his fifty-fifth year (Gent Mag. 1809, i. 890). He was buried in Old St. Pancras churchyard. His debts were paid by a friend, Mr. Kemp, and the unfinished plate was sold to Mr. Bowyer of the Historic Gallery, Pall Mall, who had it completed. Legat also engraved 'The Continence of Scipio.' after Nicolas Poussin, 'Andromeda.' after A. Runciman, vignettes and other subjects, after Smirke, Fuseli, &c, for 'Bell's British Theatre.' and other small subjects. He was a conscientious engraver, and paid attention to the study of drawing. He is described as quiet and intelligent, with some literary ability. A small portrait of him by Runciman was engraved by T. Prescott.
[J. T. Smith's Nollekens, ii. 351 ; Dodd 1 s manuscript Hist, of English Engravers (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 33402); Edinb. Ann. Reg. 1816, cccclxxv. Redgrave's Dict. of Artists.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Legat, Hugh

​LEGAT, HUGH (fl. 1400), Benedictine, a native of Hertfordshire according to Bale (p. 518), was not improbably a member of the family which held a manor at Abbots Walden in that county, belonging to the monks of St. Albans (Gesta Abbatum, ii. 179; Amundesham, ii. 265; Dugdale, Monasticon, ii. 210), and assisted the monastery in at least one important crisis (Gesta Abbatum, ii. 222). Bale says that Hugh Legat was brought up in the monastery school at St. Albans, displayed a strong love for learning, and went with the abbots leave to pursue his studies at Oxford, where, in the Benedictine hostelry of Gloucester Hall, St. Albans, like other abbeys of its order, had a house for its own scholars (Dugdale, Monast. ii. 199; Newcome, History of St. Albans, p. 807). He left Oxford probably before 1401, when he was among the monks who elected William Heyworth abbot of St. Albans (Gesta Abbatum, iii.480).
On his return to St. Albans Legat is said to have spent some time in the study of history. Thomas Walsingham the historian was then precentor of the abbey (ib. iii. 893). But Legat soon devoted himself to preparing a learned commentary, in nine books, on the 'Architrenius,' a satirical poem, written at the close of the twelfth century by John de Hauteville [q. v.] The work was dedicated to William Heyworth, who was abbot between 1401 and 1420. Legat's commentary, mutilated at beginning and end, is extant in a fifteenth-century hand in Bodleian MS. Digby, 64. Bale quotes Legat's preface from a more perfect copy.
Legat became prior of the neighbouring dependent cell of Redbourne. Of this office he was relieved in 1427, in the first abbacy of John Whethamstede, and sent to the cell of the abbey at Tynemouth (Chronicon Rerum Gestarum in Monasterio S. Albani, in Amundesham, i. 1-3). Nothing further is known of him.
[Bale's Scriptt. Brit. Cat. pp. 518–19, ed. Basel; Pits, De Illustr. Angl. Script. p. 568; Tanner's Bibl. Brit.-Hib. p. 474; Gesta Abbatum S. Albani and Johannis Amundesham Annales, in Chronica Monast. S. Albani, vols. iv–v. (Rolls Ser.); Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum, ii. 198–210, ed. Dodsworth, 1849; Newcome's Hist. of St. Albans, 1795, pp. 307–8.]
J. T-t.