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# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VI/Arnobius/Adversus Gentes/Book II/Chapter XXXVIII

38. For, to begin with what is important, what advantage is it to the world that the mightiest kings are here? What, that there are tyrants, lords, and other innumerable and very illustrious powers? What, that there are generals of the greatest experience in war, skilled in taking cities; soldiers steady and utterly invincible in battles of cavalry, or in fighting hand to hand on foot? What, that there are orators, grammarians, poets, writers, logicians, musicians, ballet-dancers, mimics, actors, singers, trumpeters, flute and reed players? What, that there are runners, boxers, charioteers, vaulters, walkers on stilts, rope-dancers, jugglers? What, that there are dealers in salt fish, salters, fishmongers, perfumers, goldsmiths, bird-catchers, weavers of winnowing fans and baskets of rushes? What, that there are fullers, workers in wool, embroiderers, cooks, confectioners, dealers in mules, pimps, butchers, harlots? What, that there are other kinds of dealers? What do the other kinds of professors and arts, for the enumeration of which all life would be too short, contribute to the plan and constitution of the world, that we should believe that it could not have been founded without men, and would not attain its completeness without the addition of a wretched and useless being’s exertion?

## Footnotes

* ↑ i.e., from one horse to another—desultores.
* ↑ Rationibus et constitutionibus.
* ↑ Lit., “it should be believed.”
* ↑ Lit., “unless there were joined.”
* ↑ So the ms., reading contentio, which Orelli would understand as meaning “contents,” which may be correct. LB. reads conditio—“condition,” ineptly; and Ursinus in the margin, completio—“the filling up.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VI/Arnobius/Adversus Gentes/Book III
## Contents

* Chapter I
* Chapter II
* Chapter III
* Chapter IV
* Chapter V
* Chapter VI
* Chapter VII
* Chapter VIII
* Chapter IX
* Chapter X
* Chapter XI
* Chapter XII
* Chapter XIII
* Chapter XIV
* Chapter XV
* Chapter XVI
* Chapter XVII
* Chapter XVIII
* Chapter XIX
* Chapter XX
* Chapter XXI
* Chapter XXII
* Chapter XXIII
* Chapter XXIV
* Chapter XXV
* Chapter XXVI
* Chapter XXVII
* Chapter XXVIII
* Chapter XXIX
* Chapter XXX
* Chapter XXXI
* Chapter XXXII
* Chapter XXXIII
* Chapter XXXIV
* Chapter XXXV
* Chapter XXXVI
* Chapter XXXVII
* Chapter XXXVIII
* Chapter XXXIX
* Chapter XL
* Chapter XLI
* Chapter XLII
* Chapter XLIII
* Chapter XLIV
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Weld, Theodore Dwight

Edition of 1889.
​WELD, Theodore Dwight, reformer, b. in Hampton, Conn., 23 Nov., 1803. He entered Phillips Andover academy in 1819, but was not graduated, on account of failing eyesight. In 1830 he became general agent of the Society for the promotion of manual labor in literary institutions, publishing afterward a valuable report (New York, 1833). He entered Lane theological seminary, Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1833, but left that institution on the suppression of the Anti-slavery society of the seminary by the trustees. Mr. Weld then became well known as an anti-slavery lecturer, but in 1836 he lost his voice, and was appointed by the American anti-slavery society editor of its books and pamphlets. In 1841-'3 he labored in Washington in aid of the anti-slavery members of congress, and in 1854 he established at Eagleswood, N. J., a school in which he received pupils irrespective of sex and color. In 1864 he removed to Hyde Park, near Boston, and devoted himself to teaching and lecturing. Mr. Weld is the author of many pamphlets, and of “The Power of Congress over the District of Columbia” (New York, 1837); “The Bible against Slavery” (1837); “American Slavery as it Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses” (1839); and “Slavery and the Internal Slave Trade in the United States” (London, 1841). — His wife, Angelina Emily Grimké, reformer, b. in Charleston, S. C., 20 Feb., 1805, is the daughter of Judge John F. Grimké, of South Carolina, but in 1828, with her sister, Sarah M. Grimke (q. v.), she joined the Society of Friends in Philadelphia, afterward emancipating the slaves that she inherited from her parents in 1836. She was the author of an “Appeal to the Christian Women of the South,” which was republished in England with an introduction by George Thompson, and was associated with her sister in delivering public addresses under the auspices of the American anti-slavery society, winning a reputation for eloquence. The controversy that the appearance of the sisters as public speakers caused was the beginning of the woman's rights agitation in this country. She married Mr. Weld on 14 May, 1838, and was afterward associated with him in educational and reformatory work. Besides the work noticed above, she wrote “Letters to Catherine E. Beecher,” a review of the slavery question (Boston, 1837).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Wernwag, Lewis

Edition of 1900.
​WERNWAG, Lewis, civil engineer, b. in Alteburg, Würtemberg, Germany, 4 Dec., 1769; d. in Harper's Ferry, Va., 12 Aug., 1843. On leaving school, in order to evade military service, he was secreted by a shepherd in the mountains, who directed his attention to the study of astronomy, natural history, and other scientific subjects. In 1786 he made his way to Amsterdam and thence to Philadelphia. His earliest venture in this country was the building of a machine for making whetstones. Soon afterward he began to build power-mills and bridges. While conducting this business he purchased land containing large quantities of white oak and pine timber in New Jersey, from which he got out, about 1809, the keel for the first U. S. frigate built at the Philadelphia navy-yard. In 1810 he erected a bridge across Neshaminy creek, on the road between Philadelphia and New York, and the next year one across Frankford creek. His third bridge of wood was built across the Schuylkill river in 1812 at Philadelphia. This structure, known as the “Colossus of Fairmount,” consisted of a single arch, the span of which was 340 feet. In consideration of its length of span (it being the longest ever erected), solidity, and strength, the bridge was regarded as one of the wonders of the world. From that time until 1834 he built twenty-nine additional bridges. In 1813 he removed to Phœnixville, Pa., where he took an interest in and charge of the Phœnix nail-works, and there invented the first machine for cutting and heading spikes from four to seven inches in length. The other machinery was also remodelled and greatly improved by him. He purchased coal-lands near Pottsville, which led to his experimenting toward the use of anthracite coal. At first he found it almost impossible to ignite it, but he discovered that, by closing the furnace-doors and introducing air from beneath, combustion was possible. He was sanguine of its ultimate use for fuel, and while the Philadelphians drove from the city the person that offered to sell it, believing he offered stone for coal, he invented and used in his own residence a stove for burning it. The canal of the Schuylkill navigation company, one of the first in the United States, was partially constructed by him, and the Fairmount water-works and dam at Philadelphia were erected in accordance with his plans. In 1819 he removed to Conowingo, Md., where he built a bridge and double saw-mill, and prepared the timber for many bridges. Five years later he removed to Harper's Ferry and purchased the Isle of Virginius, where he continued his business of preparing timber for bridges. His last bridge was across the Potomac at Harper's Ferry for the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, and was built in 1833.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Weller, John B.

Edition of 1900.
​WELLER, John B., senator, b. in Ohio in 1812; d. in New Orleans, La., 7 Aug., 1875. He was elected to congress as a Democrat, serving in 1839-'45, was lieutenant-colonel of an Ohio regiment in the Mexican war, becoming its commander on the death of its colonel at Monterey, and a commissioner to Mexico under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Afterward he removed to California and was elected U.S. senator, holding his seat from 17 March, 1852, till 3 March, 1857. He was governor of the state in 1858-'60, U.S. minister to Mexico from 7 Nov., 1860, till 14 May, 1861, and a delegate to the National Democratic convention of 1864.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Welsh, Herbert

Edition of 1900. Supplement.
WELSH, Herbert, reformer, b. in Philadelphia, 4 Dec., 1851, is a son of the philanthropist John Welsh (q. v.), who was American minister to Great Britain, and was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1871. He studied art in his native city and in the studio of Bonnat, of Paris, and for a period practised his profession in Philadelphia. He was one of the organizers, in 1882, and has ever since been the secretary of the Indian rights association; one of the leaders of the movement in 1890 against political corruption and boss-rule in Pennsylvania, resulting in the defeat of Delamater and the election of Pattison for governor; president of the Civil reform association of Pennsylvania, and a member of the executive committee National civil service reform league. Since 1895 Mr. Welsh has been the editor and publisher of the “City and State,” a weekly devoted to good government, and is well known as a lecturer on the Indian question, civil service reform, and municipal government, and as contributor to the magazines of articles on those topics. He is the author of “Degradation in Pennsylvania Politics,” “Civilization among the Sioux Indians,” “Four Weeks among some of the Sioux Tribes,” “A Visit to the Navajo, Pueblo, and Hualpais Indians,” and many other pamphlets.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Wernicke, Gottlieb

Edition of 1900. No confirmation of this person's existence outside of Appletons' and derived sources has as yet been located, but there is also no verifiable source which states the person is one of Appletons' fictitious entries. Use this information with extra caution.
​WERNICKE, Gottlieb (vair-nick-eh), known also as Miguel de Faria, German adventurer, lived in the first half of the 18th century. He was a merchant, trading in Brazil, and made several expeditions to the interior. About 1720 he discovered rich gold-mines at the foot of the peak of Itabira, and a few years later he organized a new expedition to explore the mountains north of Itambe. He found a rich gold-mine, which he opened and worked for several years, acquiring great wealth; but the governor of the province of Goyaz claimed that Wernicke had never obtained a grant of the mine. Soldiers took possession of Wernicke's establishments, and he was taken prisoner; but the complaints of his friends secured his release, and he went to Portugal to lodge a complaint against the governor, but died before obtaining justice. His defence, written originally in Portuguese, was translated into French under the title “Exposé des explorations et de la découverte des mines du district d'Itabira, par Gottlieb Wernicke, et de leur exploitation, avec un résumé de ses contestations avec les autorités de la province de Goyaz” (Amsterdam, 1736).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Wertmüller, Adolph Ulric

Edition of 1900.
​WERTMÜLLER, Adolph Ulric, artist, b. in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1751; d. near Marcus Hook, Pa., 5 Oct., 1811. He worked for some time in France, where he became a member of the academy in 1782, and in 1787 he was made court-painter in Sweden. In 1794 he came to the United States, remaining a year or two, and in 1797 he settled finally in this country. During his first visit he painted several portraits of Washington. Though the work of an excellent artist, they are hardly successful as portraits, for Wertmüller belonged to that ideal French school, which usually sacrificed truth to nature for elegance in execution. Elizabeth B. Johnston, in her “Original Portraits of Washington” (Boston, 1882), speaks of five portraits of Washington by Wertmüller, of which one, executed in 1797, was purchased by the U. S. government in 1878, and another is owned by the Historical society of Pennsylvania. Among his other portraits are those of Gustavus III. and his queen, and Gustavus IV. His “Marie Antoinette and her Children” (1785) is in the museum at Stockholm. He was noted especially for his vivid coloring, “Danae” being a good example of his powers in that respect. When this picture was first exhibited in the United States great indignation was expressed, for public taste and sentiment at that time were against the nude in art.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Welser, Bartholomeus

Edition of 1889. No entry for Ambrosio Alfinger appears to exist in the Cyclopædia, including its supplement.
​WELSER, Bartholomeus, Prince, German banker, b. in Augsburg about 1475; d. there in 1559. He was the head of the banking-firm of Welser Brothers, who claimed descent from the Byzantine general Belisarius. They possessed great riches, and Bartholomeus was created a prince of the empire and made privy councillor to the emperor, to whom he lent large sums, for the repayment of which he was granted, in 1527, the newly discovered province of Venezuela. He was to conquer the country at his own expense, enlist only Spanish and Flemish troops, fit out two expeditions of four vessels, and build two cities and three forts within two years after taking possession. As the country was reputed to contain gold-mines, he later obtained permission to send out 150 German miners. In virtue of this contract, Welser armed a fleet, which sailed from San Lucar de Barrameda early in 1528, under the command of Ambrosio Alfinger (q. v.), whom he appointed captain-general. After Alfinger's death in 1531, Georg von Speier (q. v.) became captain-general, and fitted out a new expedition, which sailed in 1534. After Speier's death in 1540 the crown of Spain claimed the right to appoint the governor, and finally, in 1546, Charles V. revoked Welser's charter. Welser did much to establish trade between the Low Countries, Germany, and South America. His enterprise has been commended by many writers, and is eulogized by Henry Ternaux-Compans in his collection, but it was detrimental to the interests of the banker, whose losses in his colonization schemes were estimated to reach the sum of 3,000,000 florins. Welser's banking-house still exists, as does also the old family mansion, which is one of the curiosities of the city of Augsburg.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Westerlo, Eilardus

Edition of 1889.
​WESTERLO, Eilardus, clergyman, b. in Can- tes, Groningen, Holland, in October, 1738; d. in Albany, N. Y„ 26 Dec, 1790. His father, Isaac, was pastor of the church in Cantes. After gradu- ation at the University of Groningen the son was licensed to preach, and in 1760 was made pastor of the Dutch Reformed church in Albany, where he remained until his death, also supplying quarterly the charge at Schaghticoke, N. Y. He was influ- ential in procuring a plan of union for the churches of his denomination. During the Revolution he sympathized with the patriots, and delivered the ad- dress of welcome to Gen. Washington when he visit- ed Albany in 1782. Among his correspondents he numbered the Rev. Ezra Stiles, president of Yale, to whom he frequently wrote in Latin and He- brew. He left in manuscript an autobiography containing references to the years between 1761 and 1790, Greek and Hebrew lexicons, complete, and a translation from the Dutch of Alberthonias's " Catechism " (1790 ; 2d ed„ 1805). In 1775 he married the widow of Stephen Van Rensselaer. — Their son, Rensselaer, b. in Albany in 1775 ; d. there in 1851, was graduated at Columbia in 1795, and was elected to congress as a Federalist, serving from 1 Dec, 1817, till 3 March, 1819.
# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book I/Hymn 15

15. With an oblation: for confluence of wealth.
[Atharvan.—sāindhavam. ānuṣṭubham: 2. bhurikpathyāpan̄kti.]
Found in Pāipp. i. (in the verse-order 1, 4, 3, 2). Used by Kāuç. only in a general rite for prosperity (19. 4), to accompany a douche for persons bringing water from two navigable streams and partaking of a dish of mixed grain; it is also reckoned (19. 1, note) to the puṣṭika mantras, or hymns bringing prosperity.
Translated: Weber, iv. 409; Ludwig, p. 371; Griffith, i. 19.
1. Together, together let the rivers flow, together the winds, together the birds (patatrín); this my sacrifice let them enjoy of old; I offer with a confluent (saṁsrāvyà) oblation.
The verse is nearly identical with xix. 1. 1, and in less degree with ii. 26. 3. From xix. 1. 3 c it may be conjectured that we should read pradíças in c. ⌊If we do read pradívas, why not render it by 'continually'?⌋ Ppp. has not the second half-verse, but instead of it vs. 3 c, d. For b Ppp. gives saṁ vātā divyā uta. The comm. accents sáṁ-sam in a. There is perhaps some technical meaning in saṁsrāvyà. 'confluent' or 'for confluence' which we do not appreciate, but it is also unknown to the comm., who explains the word only etymologically. The verse is an āstārapan̄kti (strictly virāj: 8 + 8: 11 + 11 = 38), and its definition as such is perhaps dropped out of the Anukr. text (which reads ādyā dvitīyā bhurik etc.).
2. Come straight hither to my call, hither ye confluents also; increase this man, ye songs; let every beast (paçú) there is come hither; let what wealth (rayí) there is stay (sthā) with him.
The pada-mss. all give yā́ḥ in e. Ppp. has in a, b idaṁ havyā ttpetane 'daṁ, and, for c, asya vardhayato rayim. The last pāda is nearly RV. x. 19. 3 d. ⌊Render 'with this man let' etc.⌋ The omission of evá in a would make the verse regular.
​ 3. What fountains of the streams flow together, ever unexhausted, with all those confluences we make riches (dhána) flow together for me.
Ppp. has in a, b ye nadībhyas saṁsravanty ucchāmas saram akṣikā. The comm. gives the verse twice, each time with a separate explanation.
4. What [fountains] of butter (sarpís) flow together, and of milk, and of water, with all those confluences we make riches flow together for me.
Ppp. reads saṁsrāvās for sarpiṣas in a. The comm. supphes first avayavās as omitted subject in the verse, but afterwards utsāsas from vs. 3, which is of course right.
# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book I

Book I.
The first book is made up mostly of hymns of 4 verses each, and no other ground of its existence as a book needs to be sought. It contains 30 such hymns, but also one (34) of 5 verses, two (11 and 29) of 6 verses, one (7) of 7, and one (3) of 9. There are conjectural reasons to be given in more than one of these cases for the exceptional length. Hymns of 4 verses are also found in books vi. and vii. (12 in vi., and 11 in vii.), also 9 in xix. The whole book has been translated by Weber, Indische Studien, vol. iv. (1858), pages 393-430.
| Hymn- number | | Page |
| I. Book the first |||
| 1 | For the retention of sacred learning | 1 |
| 2 | Against injury and disease: with a reed | 2 |
| 3 | Against obstruction of urine: with a reed | 3 |
| 4 | To the waters: for blessings | 4 |
| 5 | To the waters: for blessings | 5 |
| 6 | To the waters: for blessings | 6 |
| 7 | To Agin: for the discovery of sorcerers | 7 |
| 8 | To Agni and other gods: for the discovery of sorcerers | 8 |
| 9 | For some one's advancement and success | 9 |
| 10 | For some one's release from Varuṇa's wrath | 10 |
| 11 | For successful childbirth | 11 |
| 12 | Against various ailments (as results of lightning?) | 12 |
| 13 | Deterrent homage to lightning | 14 |
| 14 | Imprecation of spinsterhood on a woman | 15 |
| 15 | With an oblation: for confluence of wealth | 16 |
| 16 | Against demons: with an amulet of lead | 17 |
| 17 | To stop the vessels of the body | 18 |
| 18 | Against unlucky marks | 19 |
| 19 | Against enemies | 20 |
| 20 | Against enemies and their weapons | 21 ​ |
| 21 | Against enemies | 22 |
| 22 | Against yellowness (jaundice) | 22 |
| 23 | Against leprosy: with a healing herb | 23 |
| 24 | Against leprosy | 24 |
| 25 | Against fever (takmán) | 25 |
| 26 | For protection from the wrath of the gods | 26 |
| 27 | Against various evils | 27 |
| 28 | Against sorcerers and witches | 28 |
| 29 | For a chief's success: with an amulet | 29 |
| 30 | For protection : to all the gods | 30 |
| 31 | To the divine guardians of the quarters | 31 |
| 32 | Cosmogonic | 32 |
| 33 | To the waters: for blessings | 33 |
| 34 | A love-spell: with a sweet herb | 34 |
| 35 | For long life etc.; with a gold amulet | 35 |
# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book I/Hymn 10

10. For some one's release from Varuṇa's wrath.
[Atharvan.—āsuram, vāruṇam. trāiṣṭubham: 3, 4. anuṣṭubh (3. kakummati).]
Found in Pāipp. i. Used in Kāuç. (25. 37) to accompany lavation of the head in a healing ceremony (for dropsy, comm. and schol.).
Translated: Weber, iv. 403; Ludwig, p. 445; Griffith, i. 13; Bloomfield, 11, 241; Weber, Sb. 1897, p. 599, cf. 594 ff.—Cf. Bergaigne-Henry, Manuel, p. 133.
1. This Asura bears rule over the gods; for the wills (váça) of king Varuṇa [come] true; from him, prevailing by my worship (bráhman), from the fury of the formidable one (ugrá) do I lead up this man.
'Come true,' i.e. are realized or carried out: the more etymological sense of satyá. Ppp. reads viçāya for vaçā hi. The comm. explains çāçadāna as "exceedingly sharp; having attained strength by favor of Varuṇa, gratified by praise etc." Tatas pari in c, as the first example of its kind of combination, is quoted in Prāt. ii. 66. The Anukr. ignores the first pāda as a jagatī.
2. Homage be to thy fury, O king Varuṇa; for, O formidable one, thou dost note (ni-ci) every malice (drugdhá). A thousand others I impel (pra-sū) together; a hundred autumns of thee shall this man live.
The obscure third pāda is understood by the comm., perhaps correctly, to mean "I buy off this man by furnishing Varuṇa a thousand others as substitutes." Two of our mss. (O. Op.) read ugrám (or ugram) in b; Ppp. is defaced in a, b; as second half-verse it reads: çataṁ sahaṣraṁ pra suvāmy anyān ayaṁ no jīvāṁ çarado vyapāye. Here, too, pāda a is an unacknowledged jagatī. ⌊Comm. cites, for c, AB. vii. 15.⌋
3. In that thou hast spoken with the tongue untruth, much wrong—from the king of true ordinances (-dhárman), from Varuṇa, I release thee.
⌊Read yát tvám uváktha ánṛtam?⌋ The comm. has in a the absurd reading uvakta, treating it as for uvaktha, which all the mss. give.
4. I release thee out of the universal, the great flood (arṇavá); speak, O formidable one, unto [thy] fellows here, and reverence our incantation (bráhman).
'Universal' (vāiçvānara), i.e., perhaps, dangerous to all men; and the dropsy, Varuṇa's special infliction, is probably spoken of as 'flood' ⌊cf. RV. vii. 89. 4⌋. The (doubtful) rendering of the second half-verse takes it as addressed, like the first, to the patient; the comm. regards it as said to Varuṇa, which is not impossible. ⌊See Geldner, ZDMG. lii. 733.⌋ Ppp. reads amuñcam at the beginning, and has a lacuna in place of c, d. ⌊Render apa-ci by 'regard'?⌋