OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/chieh
### chieh

* 尺chieh71441
* The Chinese foot.

#### bâk chieh;

    a carpenter's foot rule.

#### pò chieh;

    a foot in cloth measure.

#### cok chieh;

    the measure used in shoes.

#### khek chieh ;

    a carpenter's square.

#### châi chieh;

    a tailor's measure.

#### chieh chùn ŭ tōa sòi;

    feet and inches are of different lengths.

#### câp hun ûi cêk chùn, câp chùn ûi cêk chieh, câp chieh ûi cêk tn̆g;

    ten tenths make an inch, ten inches make a foot, ten feet make an ell.

#### cêk tn̆g kûiⁿ, káu chieh bô̤ ēng;

    for reaching ten feet a nine foot pole is useless.

#### m̄ kàu chieh chùn;

    not of full stature.

#### àiⁿ sĭm-mih chieh tō?

    What are its dimensions to be?

#### nîe thiⁿ chieh;

    a sextant.

#### saⁿ-chieh hai-thông;

    a young lad.
* 鞭chieh6871779

#### thih-chieh;

    an iron bludgeon.

#### i tó̤ bú thih-chieh khṳt nâng thoíⁿ;

    he is wielding an iron bludgeon for people's amusement.

#### ŭ nâng khîa toaⁿ thih-chieh, ŭ nâng khîa sang thih-chieh;

    some had single bludgeons, and others had one in each hand.
* 雀chieh9971723
* The peacock.

#### khóng-chieh;

    peacocks.

#### khóng-chieh khui phîn;

    the peacock spreads its tail.

#### khóng-chieh lêng;

    peacock's feathers.

#### khóng-chieh ngán;

    the eye in a peacock's feather.
* 席chîeh804507
* A mat; matting.

#### cháu chîeh;

    straw matting.

#### tîn chîeh;

    rattan matting.

#### tek chîeh;

    bamboo matting.

#### lîang chîeh;

    bed mats for hot weather.

#### ńng chîeh;

    flexible matting, used for wrapping bundles.

#### chîeh pau; chîeh tō̤;

    straw bags.

#### chṳ cháu-chîeh;

    spread down a straw mat.

#### cŏ̤ chîeh;

    sit on a mat.

#### sai chîeh;

    an instructor. (In olden times a teacher sat on a mat on the west side of his school-room).
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/chiet
### chiet

* 切chiet976182
* Important; urgent; the entire lot.

#### chiet-ìo;

    important.

#### bô̤ chiet-ìo;

    unimportant.

#### bô̤ mih chiet-ìo;

    of no great importance.

#### ŭ chiet-ìo;

    there is occasion for speed.

#### sĭang chiet-ìo ;

    the most important.

#### bô̤ mih kwn-chiet;

    not much interested in it.

#### chiet-sît;

    wholly sincere.

#### khap-chiet;

    irrevocable.

#### i tàⁿ kàu chiet-chêng căi;

    he spoke in the most cordial manner.

#### lṳ́ chiet-chiet tîeh lâi;

    you must not fail to come.

#### sueh lâi khap-khap chiet-chiet;

    it is irrevocably set forth.

#### cêk chiet kâi sṳ̄ lí tît lío;

    the whole matter is completely arranged.

#### cì-chiet màiⁿ gō;

    it is of the utmost importance that it should not miscarry.

#### chiet cò̤;

    act with urgency.

#### tàⁿ kàu chiet căi;

    spoke with great earnestness.

#### thó̤iⁿ tîeh bô̤ chiet bô̤ ìo;

    considered it of no importance at all.

#### bô̤ kài-chiet;

    not urgent.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/chie
### chie

* 雄chie2141724
* Masculine; martial; virile; brave.

#### chie gû-kó;

    a bull.

#### nŏ̤ kâi kak chie-chie;

    two great horns.

#### chie koi-ang;

    a fine cock.

#### cí ciah koi chie căi;

    this is a rampant fowl.

#### i chie-chie nē, àiⁿ kio i sie phah;

    he is very perk and wants to fight with them.
* 笑chìe7951184
* To laugh.

#### hó̤ chìe; khó̤ chìe;

    laughable.

#### hí-chìe;

    to laugh at.

#### chí-chìe; to deride, kìen-chìe;

    ridiculous.

#### pun nâng chìe;

    was laughed at.

#### thóiⁿ tîeh chìe sí;

    considered it unspeakably ludicrous.

#### chìe-ūe căi;

    absurd.

#### chìe hi-hi;

    to titter.

#### khá-khá chìe;

    to giggle.

#### chìe-but chìe-but;

    smiling.

#### mûiⁿ chìe;

    to smile.

#### né chìe;

    a forced laugh.

#### tōa chìe tōa tàⁿ;

    loud laughing and talking.

#### àm-cĕⁿ chìe;

    secretly laughed.

#### chìe mīn hóⁿ;

    a deceitful smile.

#### phīⁿ chìe, chùi chìe;

    to laugh all over one's face.

#### hàuⁿ chìe căi;

    fond of fun.

#### chìe chùi;

    smiling lips.

#### hiong khûn phah m̄ tit chìe mīn;

    the most ruthless hand will not smite a smiling face.

#### thau chìe thau khàu;

    half laughing and half crying.

#### lṳ́ màiⁿ tó̤ chìe khuah nâng kâi chùi;

    do not make yourself ridiculous.

#### m̆ chìe nē;

    restrained his disposition to laugh.

#### lún chìe;

    refrain from laughing.

#### hah-hah chìe;

    a horse-laugh.

#### hih-hih chìe;

    to laugh boisterously.

#### hih-hih chìe;

    to snicker.
* 唱chìe28308
* To sing.

#### chìe khek; chìe kua;

    to sing ballads.

#### lṳ́ chìe chut khek úa thiaⁿ;

    you sing a ballad to me.

#### cí chut khek chìe lâi hó̤ căi;

    this ballad was well sung.

#### chìe khṳ̀ m̄ tùi páng;

    it was not sung according to the tune.

#### chìe chut lâi, siaⁿ-im hó̤, âu-tói īa hó̤;

    the singing was good, and the voices were good.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/chih
### chih

* 㷟chih9268610
* To scald off the hair or feathers.

#### khîeh lô̤h kún cui khṳ̀ chih, chih lío, mô̤ⁿ máng cheng-khih;

    take it and scald it in boiling water, and then pluck out all the feathers.
* 燃chih2858612
* To catch fire; to singe.

#### húe chih tîeh;

    it ignited.

#### thâu màiⁿ cang thâu-mô̤ⁿ khṳ̀ chih húe;

    do not put your head so near that your hair will take fire.

#### i kâi chiu khṳt húe chih tīo cêk pôiⁿ khṳ̀;

    his whiskers caught fire and burned off the whole of one side.
* 淬chih1018868
* To plunge a thing into water for the purpose of cooling it.

#### chih húe-thòaⁿ;

    extinguish cinders by plunging them in water.

#### khîeh khí lâi cū chih lô̤h cúi;

    as soon as you lift it off plunge it into the water.

#### chih lô̤h khṳ̀ cū cī-cē-kìe;

    when you plunge it in it hisses.

#### chih kàu cho̤h cúi sie-sie;

    the water was heated by its being plunged in.
* 烙chih553866
* To brand; to burn in.

#### cang thih pû âng-âng lâi chih;

    take an iron, heat it red hot, and brand it therewith.

#### chih mô̤ⁿ kâi ìn;

    a branding iron for branding animals.

#### chih kàu chiah-pauh chiah-pauh;

    scorched it brown.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/chiaⁿ
### chiaⁿ

* 請chíaⁿ9961498
* To invite; to request courteously

#### chíaⁿ nâng-kheh;

    to invite company.

#### khṳt nâng chíaⁿ;

    he has been invited.

#### chíaⁿ i lâi cîah;

    invite him to partake of the meal.

#### chíaⁿ i cîah pīu chài-pn̄g;

    ask him to take pot-luck with us.

#### chíaⁿ cŏ̤;

    please be seated.

#### chíaⁿ sin-seⁿ;

    to engage a teacher.

#### chíaⁿ cí;

    ask for orders from the Throne.

#### chíaⁿ tê;

    invite to take tea.

#### chíaⁿ hun; to offer one's pipe, chíaⁿ cíu;

    to offer wine.

#### chíaⁿ ā, chíaⁿ ā;

    good-by.

#### chíaⁿ, chíaⁿ;

    good-day.

#### lṳ́ kio úa chíaⁿ i lâi tàⁿ ūe;

    you ask him for me to come and have a chat.

#### chíaⁿ sî-jît;

    an invitation to fix the day.

#### chíaⁿ mn̄g;

    inquire politely.
* 且chíaⁿ97414
* Moreover; furthermore; indicates a copulative sentence.

#### ko-chíaⁿ tīu sù-sî;

    put up with this domicile for a short time.

#### úa tŏ̤-kò̤, lṳ́ sĭang chíaⁿ cìeⁿ-seⁿ, úa m̄ tŏ̤-kò̤ le m̄ cai lṳ́ cò̤-nî īeⁿ;

    if you do like this when I am here, I do not know what you would not do if I were absent.

#### chíaⁿ cĭam pîet;

    so we are to separate for awhile.

#### úa chíaⁿ mn̄g lṳ́;

    I moreover ask you.

#### chíaⁿ būe;

    not just yet; please delay an instant.

#### lṳ́ chíaⁿ cŏ̤;

    sit still and do not disturb yourself.

#### lṳ́ chíaⁿ táng úa;

    you remain here and wait for me.

#### taⁿ chíaⁿ màiⁿ sĭeⁿ i;

    now don't think about it any more.

#### kuang-chíaⁿ hìeⁿ ngía i cò̤ m̄-àiⁿ?

    Since it is so pretty why does he not want it?

#### lṳ́ chíaⁿ hûe khṳ̀;

    then you can go back.

#### chíaⁿ lâi cîah;

    come now and eat.

#### chíaⁿ cieh úa, ùaⁿ cē khîeh lâi hâiⁿ lṳ́;

    lend it to me and I will bring it back to you after awhile.

#### lṳ́ chíaⁿ khṳt úa, ē-jît úa-kâi le khṳt lṳ́;

    let me have it, and at another time I will let you have mine.

#### i kâi lâu kûiⁿ, jṳ̂ chíaⁿ khuah;

    his chamber is lofty, and it is spacious as well.

#### ko-chíaⁿ;

    it will do, it will answer temporarily.

#### kó-chíaⁿ;

    done without any painstaking.
* 倩chíaⁿ98398
* To serve an occasion; to borrow for a purpose.

#### chíaⁿ nâng khṳ̀ cò̤ bûn-cieⁿ;

    to engage another to write an essay for one to use at an examination.

#### kìm bô̤ nâng chíaⁿ thòi;

    forbid the employment of substitutes in writing for the examinations.

#### chíaⁿ nâng khṳ̀ thòi;

    get a substitute to enter in one's place at an examination.
* 成chîaⁿ77622
* To finish.

#### cò̤ kàu chîaⁿ;

    to bring to completion.

#### cîah kàu chîaⁿ;

    finish the meal.

#### àiⁿ lí tîeh lí kàu chîaⁿ;

    if you do it at all yon must finish it.

#### cò̤ m̄ chîaⁿ;

    unfinished.

#### cí kâi khang-khùe chîaⁿ kàu i hó̤;

    finish up this work.
# Donaldson Assignee v. Farwell/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
93 U.S. 631
Donaldson Assignee v. Farwell
The instructions present the questions of law arising upon the facts which this controversy involves. The doctrine is now established by a preponderance of authority, that a party not intending to pay, who, as in this instance, induces the owner to sell him goods on credit by fraudulently concealing his insolvency and his intent not to pay for them, is guilty of a fraud which entitles the vendor, if no innocent third party has acquired an interest in them, to disaffirm the contract and recover the goods. Byrd v. Hall, 2 Keyes, 647; Johnson v. Monell, id. 655; Noble v. Adams, 7 Taunt. 59; Kilby v. Wilson, Ryan & Moody, 178; Bristol v. Wilsmore, 1 Barn. & Cress. 513; Stewart v. Emerson, 52 N. H. 301; Benjamin on Sales, sect. 440, note of the American editor, and cases there cited.
Here the vendors exercised the right of rescission shortly after the sale in question, and as soon as they obtained knowledge of the fraud. If, therefore, this controversy were between Mann and them, it is clear that he would not be entitled to recover.
The assignment relates back to the commencement of the proceedings in bankruptcy, and vests, by operation of law, in the assignee the property of the bankrupt, with certain specified exceptions, although the same be then attached. It also dissolves any attachment made within four months next preceding the commencement of the proceedings. If there be no such liens, and the property has not been conveyed in fraud of creditors, he has no greater interest in or better title to it than the bankrupt. Only the defeasible title of the latter to the goods in controversy passed to the assignee, and it was determined by a prompt disaffirmance of the contract.
Judgment affirmed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Donald Trump fires James Comey/Enclosure Three - Press Secretary Statement

THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 9, 2017
Statement from the Press Secretary
Today, President Donald J. Trump informed FBI Director James Comey that he has been terminated and removed from office. President Trump acted based on the clear recommendations of both Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and Attorney General Jeff Sessions.
“The FBI is one of our Nation’s most cherished and respected institutions and today will mark a new beginning for our crown jewel of law enforcement,” said President Trump.
A search for a new permanent FBI Director will begin immediately.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Donaldson v. California

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
404 U.S. 968
Donaldson v. California
On Petition for Writ of Certiorari from the Court of Appeals of California, Second Appellate District
No. 70-5233
Certiorari denied. MR. JUSTICE BRENNAN would grant certiorari.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Donald Trump fires James Comey/Enclosure One - Attorney General Recommendation

Office of the Attorney General Washington, D. C. 20530
May 9, 2017
President Donald J. Trump The White House Washington, DC 20500
Dear Mr. President:
As Attorney General, I am committed to a high level of discipline, integrity and the rule of law to the Department of Justice—an institution that I deeply respect. Based on my evaluation, and for the reasons expressed by the Deputy Attorney General in the attached memorandum, I have concluded that a fresh start is needed at the leadership of the FBI. It is essential that this Department of Justice clearly reaffirm its commitment to longstanding principles that ensure the integrity and fairness of federal investigations and prosecutions. The Director of the FBI must be someone who follows faithfully the rule and principles of the Department of Justice and who sets the right example of our law enforcement officials and others in the Department. Therefore, I must recommend that you remove Director James B. Comey, Jr. and identify an experienced and qualified individual to lead the great men and women of the FBI.
Sincerely
Jeff Sessions Attorney General
JS:ph Attachment
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Donald v. Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
241 U.S. 329
Donald v. Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company
Argued: April 13, 1916. --- Decided: May 22 1916
Mr. J. E. Messerschmidt and Mr. Walter C. Owen, Attorney General of Wisconsin, for appellants.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 329-331 intentionally omitted]
Mr. M. H. Boutelle for appellee in No. 253.
Messrs. Rush Taggart and Francis Raymond Stark for appellee in No. 254.
Mr. Justice McReynolds delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Eagle

Edition of 1802.
​EAGLE, the Golden, or Falco chrysaëtos, L. a bird of prey, which chiefly inhabits the northern parts of Britain: it weighs about twelve pounds, and is nearly three feet long; but, with its expanded wings, measures above seven feet.
These birds possess the senses of sight and smell in an uncommonly acute degree: they are also remarkable for their longevity, and their long abstinence from food. There are instances of eagles having attained an age exceeding one hundred years, and of one which existed twenty-one days without sustenance.
Eagles are very destructive to lambs, kids, fawns, and all kinds of game, especially during the breeding season, when they carry vast quantities of prey to their young. These pernicious birds are particularly mischievous in the Orkney Islands, where a law is in force, which entitles every person that kills an eagle, to a hen out of every house in the parish where such bird was killed.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Duel

Edition of 1802.
​DUEL, a single combat, on some private occasion or quarrel, in consequence of a challenge.
Taking away the life of a ​person, by deliberate duelling, is, by the law of this country, a species of murder; and consequently, it charges the crime and inflicts the punishment of homicide on the principals, and likewise, according to the nature of the case, on their seconds. It has also been enacted, that challenges to fight, whether by word or letter, as well as the carrying of such messages, are punishable by fine and imprisonment. And, if they airse from gambling, the offender, by the 9 Anne, c. 14, incurs the forfeiture of all his goods to the Crown, and an imprisonment for five years.
Such, however, has been the prevalence of fashion, that neither the terror of severe penalties, nor any other consideration, have been able to abolish a practice so unjustifiable, and, at the same time, so unbecoming every person who aspires to the character of a rational agent. It must, nevertheless, be acknowledged, that neither duelling with weapons, nor boxing, is in such repute at present as if was a few years since; and we trust, that from the good sense of individuals, and the vigilance of the law, it will in a short time be completely abolished.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Dwale

Edition of 1802.
​Dwale: See Deadly Nightshade.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Dwarf-bay

Edition of 1802.
​Dwarf-bay: See Mezereon.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Dway-berries

Edition of 1802.
​Dway-berries: See Deadly Nightshade.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Duck's-meat

Edition of 1802.
​DUCK's-MEAT, or Lemna, L. a genus of plants, consisting of four species, all of which are natives of this country, and grow abundantly in ponds, ditches, and stagnant waters. They are in flower from June to September, and afford a grateful food to ducks and geese, from which circumstance this vegetable has received its name.
In Germany, it is, on account of its various economical uses, often cultivated, by removing the whole plant in pails, and putting it in stagnant waters.—When mingled with bran, it affords excellent food for geese and other poultry. In Thuringia, hogs are reared and fattened with a mixture of duck's-meat, bran, and ground barley. But the most profitable employment of this vegetable, we learn from Bechstein, who informs us, that "from these apparently useless fibrous roots, a yarn may be spun, which is equal to that obtained from flax."
Duck's-meat is of a cooling, emollient nature, and has therefore been applied to inflammations, erysipelas, or the shingles; and also to the gout, either alone or mixed with barley-meal. Country people sometimes employ it for removing the jaundice: hence they infuse it in white wine, to the quantity ot six ounces, to be taken nine days successively, at the end of which period, it is said to have effected a cure.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Dwarf-trees

Edition of 1802.
​DWARF-TREES, a kind of diminutive fruit-trees, frequently planted in the borders of gardens, and so denominated from their low stature.
Dwarf-trees were formerly in great request, but have been much neglected since the introduction of espaliers. The method of propagating dwarf-pears, which have been found to succeed better than any other dwarfs, is as follows: They are to be grafted on a quince-stock, about six inches above the ground; and, as soon as the bud has sprouted so far as to have four eyes, it is to be stopped, in order that lateral branches may shoot forth. Two years after budding, the trees will be ready to be transplanted to the spot where they are to remain. They should be set at the distance of 25 or 30 feet square, and the intermediate space may be sown or planted with ​culinary herbs, while the trees are young; but such herbs are not to be placed too near their roots, which would thus be obstructed in their growth. Stakes are next to be driven around the tree, to which the branches of it are to be nailed with list, while young; being trained in an horizontal direction, and no branches being afterwards permitted to intersect each other: in shortening the roots, the uppermost eye should always be left outwards. The summer and autumn pears thrive most luxuriantly, when planted in this manner, but the winter pears do not succeed.
Apples are also sometimes cultivated as dwarfs; for which purpose they are generally grafted on paradise stocks. These do not spread their branches so widely as pears, and therefore require to be set only 8 feet apart. Some gardeners also rear dwarf-apricots and plums, which, however, being less hardy than either apples or pears, seldom thrive when set according to this method.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Dumbness

Edition of 1802.
​DUMBNESS, is the privation, or want, of the faculty of speech.
This unfortunate defect proceeds chiefly from total and native deafness; if it arise from a deficiency in the organs necessary for uttering sounds, it is always incurable. Several instances, however, have occurred of persons born deaf, who have been taught to speak distinctly; to read, write, understand arithmetic, &c.
The most eminent teachers of the dumb in this country, were,
1. Dr. Wallis, who, in the 61st number of the Philosophical Transactions, gives an account of two persons he had taught to speak; and, in the 245th number of the same work, his method is explained.
2. Mr. Thomas Braidwood, late of Edinburgh, who is perhaps the first person that ever brought the surprizing art of imparting speech to dumb persons to any degree of perfection. He first commenced his useful labours in 1764, and, in the course of a few years, enabled many to speak, write, &c. We regret that we cannot communicate a clear idea of his method, which indeed will not admit of being so fully explained in writing, as to enable any person to teach it.—Mr. B. used to pronounce first the sound of a, slowly, at the same time pointing out the figure of that letter, and making his pupil watch the motion of his mouth and throat; he then put his finger into the pupil's mouth, depressing or elevating his tongue, and making him keep the parts in that position. Next, he laid hold of the outside of the wind-pipe, and squeezed it in a certain direction, which we confess ourselves utterly unable to describe. While he was pronotmcing the letter a, his pupil was anxiously imitating him, uncertain of, or rather not comprehending, the nature of the sound he was required to utter. In this manner, Mr. Braidwood proceeded, till his tyro learned to pronounce the sounds of the different letters of the alphabet. Mr. B. then continued in the same order to join vowels and consonants, till at length his pupil was enabled both to speak and read.
It would be injustice to omit mentioning the labours of the very ​ingenious Abbe L'Epee, of Berlin, who has deservedly acquired great celebrity by his method of teaching dumb persons to speak, by signs or characters. For an account of his plan, we must refer our readers to the "New Memoirs of the Royal Academy of Sciences," &c. of Berlin for the year 1785 ("Noveaux Memoires de L'Academie Royale," &c.) in which they will find a short account confirmed by facts.