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# Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Temporarily Adjusting the Implementation of Relevant Provisions of Laws During the Period of Deepening the Reform of the National Defense Mobilization System

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(Adopted at the 31st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress on October 23, 2021)
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Temporarily Adjusting the Implementation of Relevant Provisions of Laws During the Period of Deepening the Reform of the National Defense Mobilization System
(Adopted at the 31st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress on October 23, 2021)
In order to implement the decisions and plans of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on deepening the reform of the national defense mobilization system, the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress, in light of the Constitution and the Law of the People's Republic of China on National Defense, decides at its 31st Meeting to, during the period of deepening the reform of the national defense mobilization system, temporarily adjust the implementation of provisions related to the leading and managing system, the function allocation among military and civil authorities, and the establishment of working institutions, for national defense mobilization, people's armed force mobilization, economic mobilization, civil air defense, combat readiness of transportation, and national defense education, as well as provisions concerning the direction and use of resources for national defense mobilization in the National Defense Mobilization Law of the People's Republic of China, the Civil Air Defense Law of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on National Defense Transportation, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on National Defense Education. The specific measures shall be enforced according to the relevant decisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, as well as the relevant regulations of the State Council and the Central Military Committee. Relevant laws shall be revised and improved in a timely manner when reform measures are refined and ready.
This Decision shall go into effect as of October 24, 2021.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Oversight of Economic Work

* Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Oversight of Economic Work (2000)
* Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Oversight of Economic Work (2021)
# Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Review of and Supervision over the Central Budget

* Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Review of and Supervision over the Central Budget (1999)
* Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Strengthening the Review of and Supervision over the Central Budget (2021)
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannerman, Anne

1904 Errata appended.
​BANNERMAN, ANNE (d. 1829), Scottish poetical writer, published at Edinburgh in 1800 a small volume of ‘Poems,’ which was followed in 1802 by ‘Tales of Superstition and Chivalry.’ In December 1803 she lost her mother, and about the same time her only brother died in Jamaica. She was thus left without relatives, and in a state of destitution. Dr. Robert Anderson, writing to Bishop Percy 15 Sept. 1804, says: ‘I have sometimes thought that a small portion of the public bounty might be very properly bestowed on this elegantly accomplished woman. I mentioned her case to Professor Richardson, the confidential friend and adviser of the Duke of Montrose, a cabinet minister, who readily undertook to co-operate in any application that might be made to government. The duke is now at Buchanan House, and other channels are open, but no step has yet been taken in the business. … Perhaps an edition of her poems by subscription might be brought forward at this time with success.’ The latter suggestion was acted upon, and about 250 subscribers of a guinea were obtained for the new edition of the ‘Poems,’ including the ‘Tales of Superstition and Chivalry,’ which was published at Edinburgh in 1807, 4to, with a dedication to Lady Charlotte Rawdon. Shortly afterwards Miss Bannerman went to Exeter as governess to Lady Frances Beresford's daughter. She died at Portobello, near Edinburgh, on 29 Sept. 1829 (Glasgow Courier).
T. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.15 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 139 | i | 29 | Bannerman, Anne: for (fl. 1816) read (d. 1829) |
| | ii | 1, 2 | for We have not . . . . career read She died at Portobello near Edinburgh on 29 Sept. 1829. |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannerman, James

1904 Errata appended.
​BANNERMAN, JAMES, D.D. (1807–1868), theologian, son of Rev. James Patrick Bannerman, minister of Cargill, Perthshire, was born at the manse of Cargill, 9 April 1807, and after a distinguished career at the university of Edinburgh, especially in the classes of Sir John Leslie and Professor Wilson, became minister of Ormiston, in Midlothian, in 1833, left the Established for the Free church in 1843, and in 1849 was appointed professor of apologetics and pastoral theology in the New College (Free church), Edinburgh, which office he held till his death, 27 March 1868. In 1850 he received the degree of D.D. from Princeton College, New Jersey. He took a leading part in various public movements, especially in that which led in 1843 to the separation of the Free church from the state, and subsequently in the negotiations for union between the nonconformist presbyterian churches of England and Scotland. His chief publications were: 1. ‘Letter to the Marquis of Tweeddale on the Church Question,’ 1840. 2. ‘The Prevalent Forms of Unbelief,’ 1849. 3. ‘Apologetical Theology,’ 1851. 4. ‘Inspiration: the Infallible Truth and Divine Authority of the Holy Scriptures,’ 1865. 5. ‘The Church: a Treatise on the Nature, Powers, Ordinances, Discipline, and Government of the Christian Church,’ 2 vols. 8vo; published after his death in 1868, and edited by his son. 6. A volume of sermons (also posthumous) published in 1869. In 1839 he married a daughter of the Hon. Lord Reston, one of the senators of the College of Justice.
W. G. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.15 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 139 | ii | 18 f.e. | Bannerman, James, D.D.: for Ormond's read Omond in |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannister, Charles

​BANNISTER, CHARLES (1738?–1804), actor and vocalist, whose fame is eclipsed by that of his son John [q. v.], was born in Gloucestershire, according to the ‘Thespian Dictionary,’ no very trustworthy authority, in 1738. Seven years after his birth his father obtained a post in the victualling office at Deptford, to which place the family removed. Bannister appears from an early age to have had the run of the Deptford theatre, in which, before he was eighteen, he played as an amateur Richard III, Romeo, and probably some other characters. An application to Garrick for employment being unsuccessful, he joined the Norwich circuit. His début in London was made in 1762 at the Haymarket, then under the management of Foote. The piece was the ‘Orators,’ a species of comic lecture on oratory, written and spoken by Foote, supported by various pupils placed in the boxes, as though they belonged to the audience. The character assigned to Bannister was Will Tirehack, an Oxford student. Palmer, subsequently his close friend, is said, in the ‘Life of John Bannister’ by Adolphus, to have made his début as Harry Scamper in the same play. The statement is, however, inaccurate, the début of Palmer having taken place a few months earlier at Drury Lane. Bannister's imitations of singers like Tenducci and Champneys were successful, and led to his appearance as a vocalist at Ranelagh and elsewhere. Garrick's attention was now drawn to the young actor, who made his début at Drury Lane in 1767, it is said, as Merlin in Garrick's play of ‘Cymon.’ This is possible. Bensley, however, ‘created’ that character 2 Jan. 1767, and the name of Bannister does not appear in Genest till the following season, 1767–8, when he is found, 23 Oct., playing the Prompter in ‘A Peep behind the Curtain, or the New Rehearsal,’ a farce attributed to Garrick. During many years Bannister acted or sang at the Haymarket, the Royalty, Covent Garden, and Drury Lane. His death took place 26 Oct. 1804 in Suffolk Street. An excellent vocalist, with a deep bass voice and a serviceable falsetto, a fair actor, a clever mimic, smart in rejoinder, good-natured, easy-going, and thoroughly careless in money matters, he obtained remarkable social success, was popularly known as honest Charles Bannister, and was the hero of many anecdotes of questionable authority. In one or two characters he was unrivalled. Of these, Steady, in the ‘Quaker,’ was probably best known. It has been said that no adequate representative of Shakespeare's Caliban has been seen since Bannister's death.
J. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannatyne, William Macleod

​BANNATYNE, Sir WILLIAM MACLEOD (1743–1833), Scotch judge, was the son of Roderick Macleod, writer to the signet, and was born 26 Jan. 1743–4. Admitted a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1765, he soon acquired, by the help of his father and his gift of clear perspicuous statement, a good position at the bar. Through his mother he succeeded to the estate of Kames, in Bute, when he assumed the name of Bannatyne; but his careless and expensive habits rendered it necessary for him in a few years to part with the property. In 1799 he was promoted to the bench, with the title of Lord Bannatyne. In this position his upright and impartial conduct and sound legal acquirements secured him general respect, although his judgments—clear and precise as they were when he stated them—became strangely intricate and involved when they were put by him in writing. On his retirement from the bench, in 1823, he received the honour of knighthood. He died at Whiteford House, Ayr, 30 Nov. 1833.
Sir William Macleod Bannatyne was one of the projectors of the Edinburgh periodicals, the ‘Mirror’ and ‘Lounger,’ edited by ​Henry Mackenzie, with whom, and with Blair, Cullen, Erskine, and Craig, he lived on terms of intimate friendship. Much of his spare time was spent in the gratification of his literary tastes, and his papers in the ‘Mirror’ and ‘Lounger’ display much genial wit and sprightliness. He was one of the originators of the Highland Society in 1784, and he was an original member of the Bannatyne Club, which, at its institution, was limited to thirty-one members. For some years he remained the sole survivor of the old literary society of Edinburgh, whose mild splendours were eclipsed by the brilliant achievements of the succeeding generation with whom he mingled during the latter period of his life. He was among the last of the Scotch gentlemen who combined in their manners dignity and grace with a homely simplicity now for ever lost, and could make use of the graphic and strong vernacular Scotch in the pure and beautiful form in which, for many years after the union, it continued to be the current speech of the Scotch upper classes.
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannermann, Alexander

E. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bannister, John (1816-1873)

​BANNISTER, JOHN, LL.D. (1816–1873), philologist, son of David Bannister, by his wife Elizabeth Greensides, was born at York on 25 Feb. 1816, and educated at Trinity College, Dublin (B.A., 1844; M.A., 1853; LL.B. and LL.D., 1866). He was curate of Longford, Derbyshire, 1844–5, and perpetual curate of Bridgehill, Duffield, Derbyshire, from 1846 till 1857, when he was appointed perpetual curate of St. Day, Cornwall, where he died on 30 Aug. 1873. ​He is the author of: 1. ‘Jews in Cornwall,’ Truro, 1867, 8vo, reprinted from the ‘Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall.’ 2. ‘A Glossary of Cornish Names, ancient and modern, local, family, personal, &c.: 20,000 Celtic and other names now or formerly in use in Cornwall; with derivations and significations, for the most part conjectural, suggestive and tentative of many, and lists of unexplained names about which information is solicited,’ London, 1869–71, 8vo. This work was brought out in seven parts. The supplement, which was to have formed three additional parts, was never published, owing to the decease of the author. 3. ‘Gerlever Cernouak, a vocabulary of the ancient Cornish language,’ Egerton MS. 2328. 4. ‘English-Cornish Dictionary,’ a copy of Johnson's Dictionary, interleaved, with Cornish and other equivalents, Egerton MS. 2329. 5. ‘Cornish Vocabulary,’ being copious additions by Bannister to his printed work, Egerton MS. 2330. 6. Materials for a Glossary of Cornish Names, Egerton MS. 2331.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Eager, John

​EAGER, JOHN (1782–1853?), organist, was born in 1782 in Norwich, where his father was a manufacturer of musical instruments. He learnt the rudiments of music from his father, and made such progress that at the age of twelve he attracted the notice of the Duke of Dorset, who took him to Knowle as a page. Here he improved his education in the fine library, and probably acquired skill upon the violin, of which the duke was an amateur. Towards the end of the century his patron became insane, and Eager, for whose support no provision had been made, ran away to Yarmouth, where he proceeded to set up as a teacher of music. Soon afterwards he married Miss Barnby, a lady of good fortune, and in October 1803 was appointed organist to the corporation of Yarmouth on the death of John Roope. In 1814 J. B. Logier patented his ‘chiroplast,’ an invention for holding the hands in a proper position while playing the pianoforte, and his system of teaching was ardently taken up by Eager. The adherents of the new method were of course vehemently attacked by conservative musicians, and Eager came in for a full share of abuse in the Norfolk papers and elsewhere. He gradually convinced a considerable number of persons of the excellence of the system, which, in addition to the use of the chiroplast, professed to teach the ground work of harmony, &c., much more rapidly and thoroughly than any other method. Another of its peculiarities was that twelve or more of the pupils were required to play simultaneously on as many pianos. He opened a ‘musical academy for music and dancing,’ in the conduct of which he was assisted by his daughters, at the Assembly Rooms, Norwich, and public examinations were in due course held for the purpose of convincing the audience of the genuineness of the method. After the second of these Eager published ‘A Brief Account, with accompanying examples, of what was ​actually done at the second examination of Mr. Eager's pupils in music, educated upon Mr. Logier's system. … June 18, 1819, addressed to Major Peter Hawker,’ published by Hunter in St. Paul's Churchyard. The appendix to the account gives certain letters written to, but not inserted in, the ‘Norwich Mercury’ and the ‘Norfolk Chronicle’ by persons who considered that the opinions expressed by those papers were unfair. Eager's reputation does not appear to have suffered; ten years afterwards he is spoken of in the highest terms by the writer of the ‘History of Norfolk,’ and then held the post of organist to the corporation. In 1833 Eager left Norwich for Edinburgh, where he resided till his death about twenty years later. He separated from his wife, by whom he had two daughters, Mrs. Bridgman and Mrs. Lowe, before leaving England; obtained a Scotch divorce about 1839, and afterwards married a Miss Lowe, sister of his second daughter's husband. He wrote pianoforte sonatas, and some songs and glees of no importance.
J. A. F. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Eagles, Thomas

​EAGLES, THOMAS (1746–1812), classical scholar, was baptised in the parish of Temple Holy Cross, Bristol, 28 April 1746. He was descended on his father's side from a family which had resided in Temple parish for nearly two centuries; his mother, whose maiden name was Perkins, came from Monmouthshire, and he died seised of estates in that county which had belonged to his maternal ancestors for many hundred years. On 16 Sept. 1757 he was entered at Winchester College. At school he gave promise of becoming an excellent classic. The death of a nobleman, however, to whom he had looked for preferment, obliged him to give up all thoughts of making the church his profession, as his father desired. Accordingly he left Winchester, 18 Jan. 1762 (College Register), and returned to Bristol, where he eventually prospered as a merchant. From 1809 until his death he was collecter of the customs at Bristol. He died at Clifton 28 Oct. 1812 (Gent. Mag. vol. lxxxii. pt. ii. p. 498). His wife, Charlotte Maria Tyndale, survived until 20 Feb. 1814 (ib. vol. lxxxiv. pt. i. p. 411). He left a son, John [q. v.] His eldest daughter, Cæcilia, married 9 Feb. 1796 to William Brame Elwyn, barrister-at-law and recorder of Deal (ib. vol. lxvi. pt. i. p. 167), had died before her parents, 3 June 1811, aged 34 (ib. vol. lxxxii. pt. ii. p. 366). In 1811 Eagles was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.
To the last Eagles cherished a love for the classics. He left a translation of part of Athenæus, which, under the title of ‘Collections from the Deipnosophists, or Banquet of the Gods,’ was announced for publication in the ‘Gentleman's Magazine’ for January 1813 (vol. lxxxiii. pt. i. p. 40). It never appeared, but by the care of his son ‘Selections’ from the first two books, with notes, were published anonymously in ‘Blackwood's Magazine’ for 1818 and 1819 (iii. 650–3, iv. 23–8, 413–17, 666–74). Eagles contributed to a periodical essay which appeared on the fourth page of ‘Felix Farley's Bristol Journal,’ with the title of ‘The Crier.’ It came out first in 1785, nearly about the same time that the ‘Lounger’ was published at Edinburgh, and was perhaps the first attempt ever made in a provincial town to support a periodical essay. After some interruptions it closed in 1802. In 1807 he attempted unsuccessfully to commence a series of papers to be called ‘The Ghost.’ He took a warm interest in the Rowley and Chatterton controversy, on which he left some dissertations. He was a Rowleian (Corry and Evans, Hist. of Bristol, ii. 299–300). He was a painter, but never exhibited his pictures, and was besides an accomplished musician. One of his many acts of quiet benevolence has been beautifully commemorated by his son in an essay, ‘The Beggar's Legacy,’ contributed to ‘Blackwood's Magazine’ in March 1855. A selection from his correspondence with a young acquaintance, R. D. Woodforde, begun in 1787 and closed in 1791, was published by the latter, 8vo, London, 1818.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Earle, Erasmus

​EARLE, ERASMUS (1590–1667), serjeant-at-law, only son of Thomas Earle of Sall, Norfolk, was born at Sall in 1590 and educated at Norwich grammar school. He was admitted a student of Lincoln's Inn on 7 April 1612, and subsequently called to the bar there. Sir Julius Caesar [q. v.] appointed him steward of his manors of East Bradenham and Huntingfield Hall in 1626. He was a bencher of his inn between 1635 and 1641 inclusive, and was reader there in the autumn of 1639. In 1644 he was appointed with Thurloe secretary to the English (as distinguished from the Scotch) commissioners for the treaty of Uxbridge. On 4 Jan. 1646–7 he was returned to parliament for the city of Norwich. On 12 Oct. 1648 he was called to the degree of serjeant-at-law. The same year he was appointed steward, and the following year recorder of the city of Norwich. The latter office he held until 1653. The only public act of importance which marked his tenure of this office was the trial (for which he received a special commission) of some rioters who had done much mischief in the streets of Norwich by way of showing their disgust at the suspension of the mayor by the parliament and their sympathy with the royalist cause. On Christmas day 1648 Earle passed sentence of death on several of the ringleaders. Oliver Cromwell, on assuming the protectorate (16 Dec. 1653), appointed Earle one of the counsel to the state, an office which he also held under Richard Cromwell, but he does not figure in any of the state trials of the period. On the Restoration he was again called to the degree of serjeant-at-law (22 June 1660) (Siderfin's Reports, 3). Though his name does not appear much in the reports, he amassed by his practice a considerable fortune, and having purchased the manor of Heydon, Norfolk, founded the county family of Earle of Heydon Hall. He died on 7 Sept. 1667, and was buried in the parish church of Heydon. By his wife, Frances, daughter of James Fountaine of Sall, Norfolk, he had four sons and two daughters. A collection of his papers is in the possession of the Misses Boycott at Hereford, and they are described ​in the ‘Hist. MSS. Comm.’ 10th Rep. App. iv. Among them are some love letters addressed by Earle to Miss Fountaine, and these formed the subject of an article in the ‘National Review’ for February 1887, entitled ‘A Lawyer's Love Letters.’
[Blomefield's Norfolk (1806), iii. 396, 398, vi. 246; Dugdale's Orig. 255, 266; Whitelocke's Mem. 127, 342; Rushworth, pt. iv. vol. ii. 1292; Lists of Members of Parl. (Official Return of); Cal. State Papers, Dom. (1651) p. 170, (1657–8) p. 121, (1658–9) pp. 67, 375.]
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Eanbald I

​EANBALD I (d. 796), archbishop of York, was a pupil of Archbishop Ecgberht and of Æthelberht or Albert, who took charge of the school attached to the church of York for Ecgberht, and succeeded him as archbishop. When Æthelberht rebuilt the minster the superintendence of the work was committed to Eanbald conjointly with Alcuin. In 778 Æthelberht retired from active life, and appointed Eanbald to succeed him. Eanbald assisted Æthelberht to dedicate the new church in October 780, and when the old archbishop died ten days afterwards he became the sole occupant of the see. Ælfwold, the Northumbrian king, sent to Hadrian I that he might receive the pall, and in accordance with his wish Alcuin went to Rome to fetch it. In 787 he held a synod at a place called Pincahala (Symeon; Wincanhele, A.-S. Chron., perhaps Finchale, near Durham, but see Eccl. Docs. iii. 444). This may with tolerable certainty be identified with the northern synod which received the legates George and Theophylact, and adopted their decrees (ib. 447 sq.; Alcuin, Ep. 10). Eanbald lived in troublous times; Northumbria was a prey to civil discord and violence, and was subjected to the assaults of the northern pirates, who in 793 desolated Lindisfarne. He evidently contemplated retiring from the archbishopric, and would have been glad if Alcuin had consented to succeed him. On 25 June 796, assisted by three of the bishops of his province, he crowned Eardwulf king of Northumbria [q. v.] Before his death the church of York sent a priest, also named Eanbald [see under Eanbald II.], with a letter to Alcuin, evidently to consult him as to the election of a successor. Alcuin wrote in answer that the right of election lay with the clergy, and he urged them to keep free from simony. Eanbald died on 10 Aug. 796 at the monastery of Ætlæte (Elmete, Leeds?) He was buried in his church at York. Alcuin mentions his death in a letter to the Bishop of Salzburg.
W. H.