# John Wycliff, last of the schoolmen and first of the English reformers

Published by G. P. Putnam's Sons, in New York.
JOHN WYCLIF. FROM HOUSTON'S MEZZOTINT IN ROLT'S "LIVES OF THE REFORMERS": A TABULA IN COLL. REG. CANTAB."
Heroes of the Nations
EDITED BY Evelyn Abbott, M. A. FELLOW OF BALLIOL COLLEGE, OXFORD
FACTA DUCIS VIVENT OPEROSAQUE GLORIA RERUM.—OVID, IN LIVIAM, 265
THE HERO'S DEEDS AND HARD-WON FAME SHALL LIVE.
JOHN WYCLIF
JOHN WYCLIF
LAST OF THE SCHOOLMEN AND FIRST OF THE ENGLISH REFORMERS
BY
LEWIS SERGEANT
AUTHOR OF "NEW GREECE" ETC.
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS
| NEW YORK | LONDON |
| 27 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET | 24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND |
The Knickerbocker Press
1893
COPYRIGHT, 1892, BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Entered at Stationers' Hall, London by G. P. Putnam's Sons
Electrotyped, Printed, and Bound by The Knickerbocker Press, New York G. P. Putnam's Sons
Heroes of the Nations.
PER VOLUME, CLOTH, $1.50. HALF MOROCCO, $1.75.
I. Nelson, and the Naval Supremacy of England. By W. Clark Russell, author of "The Wreck of the Grosvenor," etc.
II. Gustavus Adolphus, and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence. By C. R. L. Fletcher, M.A., late Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.
III. Pericles, and the Golden Age of Athens. By Evelyn Abbott, M.A., Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.
IV. Theodoric the Goth, the Barbarian Champion of Civilization. By Thomas Hodgkin, author of "Italy and Her Invaders," etc.
V. Sir Philip Sidney : Type of English Chivalry. By H. R. Fox Bourne.
VI. Julius Caesar, and the Organization of the Roman Empire. By Warde Fowler, M.A., Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford.
(For titles of volumes next to appear and for further details of this Series see prospectus at end of volume.)
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, Publishers, NEW YORK AND LONDON
CONTENTS.
| CHAPTER | | PAGE |
| Preface. | [This ToC entry not in original work] | iii |
| I. | —The Character of Wyclif | 1 |
| II. | —The Seething of Europe | 22 |
| III. | —Monks and Friars | 40 |
| IV. | —Wyclif and the Schoolmen | 59 |
| V. | —Wyclif's Early Days | 76 |
| VI. | —Wyclif as Politician | 100 |
| VII. | —The Conference at Bruges | 123 |
| VIII. | —Wyclif and the National Church | 141 |
| IX. | —Persecution | 157 |
| X. | —Pope Gregory's Bulls | 175 |
| XI. | —Wyclif the Evangelist | 193 |
| XII. | —The Decisive Step | 219 |
| XIII. | —Condemned at Oxford | 243 |
| XIV. | —Wyclif's Poor Priests | 258 |
| XV. | —The Headless Rebellion | 281 ​ |
| XVI. | —Courtenay's Triumph | 299 |
| XVII. | —The Last Stage | 324 |
| XVIII. | —The Work that Lived | 337 |
| Chronology of Events connected with Wyclif | Chronology of Events connected with Wyclif | 360 |
| Index | Index | 373 |
ILLUSTRATIONS.
| | PAGE |
| JOHN WYCLIF. FROM HOUSTON'S MEZZOTINT IN ROLTS'S "LIVES OF THE REFORMERS"; "A TABULA IN COLL. REG. CONTAB." | Frontspiece |
| JOHN WYCLIF. THE DENBIGH PORTRAIT | 12 |
| JOHN WYCLIF. FROM BALL'S "SUMMARIUM" | 22 |
| DOMINICAN (BLACK) FRIAR. 13TH CENTURY. FROM MIGNE'S "ENCYCLOPÉDIE" | 40 |
| FRANCISCAN (GREY) FRIAR. FROM MIGNE'S "ENCYCLOPÉDIE" | 52 |
| JOHN DUNS SCOTUS—"DOCTOR SUBTILIS." BY J. FABER, FROM THE OXFORD PORTRAIT | 68 |
| JOHN WYCLIF. Hondius fecit. | 76 |
| WYCLIFFE, NEAR ROKEBY. SKETCH FROM THE PAINTING BY J. M. W. TURNER | 86 |
| WYCLIFFE CHURCH. PARTLY CONTEMPORANEOUS WITH WYCLIF (?) | 94 |
| WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM, BISHOP OF WINCHESTER. FROM A PORTRAIT BY J. FABER IN THE HALL OF NEW COLLEGE, OXFORD | 116 |
| A BENEDICTINE MONK | 118 ​ |
| POPE GREGORY XI. 1370-8 | 124 |
| QUEEN PHILLIPA, CONSORT OF EDWARD III. FROM A PORTRAIT IN THE HALL OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD | 128 |
| OLD ST. PAULS'S EXTERIOR. FROM DUGDALE'S "HISTORY OF ST. PAULS'S CATHEDRAL" | 160 |
| INTERIOR OF OLD ST. PAULS'S, LOOKING EAST FROM DUGDALE'S "HISTORY OF ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL" | 162 |
| OLD ST. PAUL'S CHAPTER HOUSE, FROM DUGDALE'S "HISTORY OF ST. PAULS'S CATHEDRAL" | 164 |
| MONUMENT OF JOHN, DUKE OF LANCASTER, AND OF HIS WIFE CONSTANCE, IN OLD ST. PAUL'S. FROM DUGDALE'S "HISTORY OF ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL" | 166 |
| NEW COLLEGE, OXFORD. PART OF THE CITY WALL, CONTEMPORANEOUS WITH WYCLIF. | 176 |
| POPE URBAN VI. 1378-89 | 192 |
| A PAGE FROM THE PLESHY BIBLE [WYCLIF'S]. OWNED BY THOMAS OF WOODSTOCK, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, SON OF EDWARD III. EGERTON MSS., BRITISH MUSUEM, REDUCED TO ABOUT ONE-THIRD LINEAR | 212 |
| ST. MARY'S, OXFORD, TOWER PARTLY CONTEMPORANEOUS WITH WYCLIF | 218 |
| ARCHBISHOP ARUNDEL. FROM AN OLD PORTRAIT IN LAMBETH PALACE | 222 |
| JOHN WYCLIF. ENGRAVED BY E. FINDEN, FROM A PORTRAIT ATTRIBUTED TO ANTONIO MORO NOW AN HEIRLOOM IN THE RECTORY OF WYCLIF-ON-TEES | 258 |
| LUTTERWORTH CHURCH. PARTLY CONTEMPORANEOUS WITH WYCLIF | 268 ​ |
| THE PRIESTS' DOORWAY, LUTTERWORTH CHURCH, THROUGH WHICH WYCLIF'S BODY WAS TAKEN, | 270 |
| ST. FRIDESWIDE'S SHRINE. IN THE LATIN CHAPEL, CHRIST CHURCH CATHEDRAL, OXFORD | 320 |
| WESTMACOTT'S MONUMENT OF WYCLIF AT LUTTERWORTH | 322 |
| JOHN WYCLIF. THE DORSET PORTRAIT | 324 |
| RICHARD FLEMMYNG, BISHOP OF LINCOLN, FOUNDER OF LINCOLN COLLEGE, OXFORD | 334 |
| LUTTERWORTH CHURCH—INTERIOR. PARTLY CONTEMPORANEOUS WITH WYCLIF; SHOWING AN ANCIENT FRESCO OF THE DAY OF JUDGMENT, | 336 |
| ARCHBISHOP CHICHELEY, 1414-43, FOUNDER OF ALL SOULS. BY J. FABER | 354 |
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse