# Submerged Forests/Index

INDEX
Alder, 1, 8, 16, 32, 64, 112
Alternations of freshwater and marine strata, 4, 7, 10, 29, 35, 44, 51, 57, 94–97
Amberley Wild Brook, 73
Amsterdam, 48
Anchor-ice, 89
Aquatic plants, dispersal of, 110
Archaeological evidence, 61, 115–117, 121
Atlantic waves, effect of, 85, 80
Baltic, 49
Barry Docks, 52–57, 59
Base-level planes, 22, 37, 38, 80, 87, 88
Baynes, D., 13–17
Bay of Biscay, 86, 103–105
Bear, 2
Beaver, 2, 35, 44
Belle Ile, 104
Bideford Bay, 61, 62
Birch, arctic, 46
—— white, 46
Blakeney, 29
Boar, 2, 35
Boats, 99, 102, 103
Bog-bean, 45
Bone needles, 54
Brétignolles, 104
Bridgwater Levels, 00
Bristol Channel, 58–61
Broads, 23–26, 114
Brögger, W. C, 122
Bronze age, 115, 110, 120
Caesar's invasion, 65, 66, 75
Canoes, 99, 102, 103
Cardiff, 57
Carne, J., 102
Carnon stream-works, 98, 99
Cattewater, 84, 88
Causeway, submerged, 97, 100
Celtic shorthorn, 03, 96
Champion, G. C, 46
Channel Islands, 68, 86, 103, 106
Channels, shifting of, 6, 21, 36, 37, 91, 93, 102
Chara-marl, 8
Charcoal below submerged forest, 97
Chatteris, 30, 35
Cheshire, 50, 51, frontispiece
Chichester Harbour, 76, 77
Clacton, 21, 23, 30, 31
Climatic changes, 10, 46, 66–68, 104, 107, 108
Clyde-beds, 50
Coast-erosion, 114
Colenso, J. W., 91–97, 122
Compression of alluvial strata, 3, 4, 16
Continental platform, origin of the, 69, 70
Coracles, 99
Corbicula fluminalis, 11, 23, 31, 35, 37, 74
Cornel, 55
Cornwall, 80–105
Cotoneaster Pyracantha, 74 ​Cromer Forest-bed, 11, 22, 23, 39
Cultivation, effects of, 111, 112
Dart, 98
Dartmoor, 82, 83, 89
Dates, 26, 114–121
Dead Sea depressions, 5
Dee, 51
Deformation of shore-lines, 38, 49
Deluge, 2, 66, 81, 120
Denmark, 48, 106
Depression, extent of, 8, 17, 20, 22, 26, 38, 47–49, 51, 56, 57, 68, 73, 75, 88, 93, 94, 106
Devon port, 6, 83, 90
Dispersal of plants, 108, 109– 112
Dogger Bank, 17, 18, 39–49, 69, 121, 124
Domestic animals, 63, 96
Dove Point, 50, 51, frontispiece
Dunge Ness, 71
Eccles Church, 27, 28
Elbe, 40, 110
Elder, 16
Elevation of the land, former, 8, 17, 20, 22, 26, 38, 47–49, 51, 56, 57, 68, 73, 75, 106
Elwes, J. W., 124
Ely, 30, 34
English Channel, 64-79
Estuaries, silting-up of, 25, 26, 114
Fal, 98
Fareham, 76
Fen-deposits, 30–36, 44, 45
Fenland, 4, 30–37
Flint-implemeuts, 21, 35, 54, 62, 74, 113
Flora, changes of the, 9, 10, 110
—— of the submerged forests, 63, 64, 104, 105, 107, 108
Formby, 52
France, 103–106
Gadeceau, E., 104
Gannel, 98
Geographical distribution, 60, 110
Glacial epoch, 10, 23, 36, 67, 68, 83, 87, 89, 90, 94, 107, 108
Glamorgan, 52–57
Glastonbury Levels, 60–62, 115
Godwin-Austen, R. A. C, 122
Gold-dust, 92
Goodchild, H. H.. 42, 124
Goodwin Sands, 66, 70
Gothland, 49
Gravesend, 17
Grays, 20, 23, 30, 31, 37
Hamoaze, 84, 85, 88
Hampshire, 74–79, 106
Happisburgh, 39
Happy Union, 92–97
Harbours, origin of, 77, 78
—— silting-up of, 98, 99, 114
Harwich, 22
Hastings, 71
Hawthorn, 55
Hazel, 1, 8, 9, 46, 55, 98, 101, 102
Henwood, W. J., 98, 123
Heysham, 50
Holderness, 38, 44
Holland, 4, 44, 48, 49, 106
Holmes, T. V., 123
Horse Sand Fort, 74
Human remains, 9, 10, 13–15, 17, 18, 52, 62, 96–99, 113, 121
Humber, 20, 35–38, 88
Huxley, Prof. T.. 13, 15, 113 ​Implements, stone, 21, 35, 51, 62, 74, 113
—— wooden, 96, 113
Intermittent depression, 35, 51
Ireland, 49
Irish elk, 21
—— Sea, 80
Isle of Man, 50
—— Wight, 75, 76, 106, 117
Keith, Prof. A., 13, 15, 122
Kent, 65–70
Kessingland, 23
King, Rev. S. W., 27
King's Lynn, 6
Laira Viaduct, 88
Lancashire, 50, 51
Landes, 104
Land's End, 100
Landslips, 3
Langer Fort, 22
Langston Harbour, 76, 77
Leasowe, 50, 51, frontispiece
Lewes, 73
Lincolnshire, 35
London, 12, 19
Lorié, Dr J., 122
Lost Lyonesse, 100
Lowestoft, 23, 26
Lyell, Sir C, 27, 91
Mammoth, 15, 21, 35
Man, remains of, 9, 10, 13–15, 17, 18, 52, 62, 96–99, 113, 121
Man's influence on our flora, 112
Marazion, 101–103
March, 30, 31, 35, 37
Marine erosion, 81-86
Mersey, 51, 52
Migration of species, 10, 108–112
Miller, S. H., 122
Moorlog, 41, 43, 44, 47
Morton, G. H., 123
Mosses, formation of, 35
Mount's Bay, 100, 101, 118
Munthe, Dr H., 49, 123
Najas marina, 53
Nar Valley Beds, 31, 35
Neolithic, 21, 35, 38, 53, 62, 74, 75, 79, 113–115, 118
Noah's Woods, 1, 66
Noman Fort, 75
Norfolk broads, 23, 24–26, 49
North Sea, 17, 38–49, 67, 68, 80, 106, 110, 121
Norway, 49
Oak, 1, 8, 16, 19, 32, 34, 54–57, 62, 71, 94–96, 101, 102, 106, 107, 119, 120
—— cut by man, 97
Osmunda, 1, 52
Ouse, 6
Owen, Sir R., 13, 15, 18, 113, 123
Oysters on submerged trees, 94, 95
Palaeolithic, 15, 21, 22, 113
Pegwell Bay, 65
Pentuan, 92–97, 99, 100, 122
Penzance, 101
Pepys, S., 19
Pevensey Level, 71
Pholas, erosion caused bv, 43, 121
Piles below a submerged forest, 97, 100
Pine, 32, 34, 35, 79
Plane of marine denudation, 22
Plym, 82
Plymouth Sound, 83–88, 90, 98 ​Polished stone implements, 54, 113
Pollen-grains in submerged peat, 45
Poole Harbour, 79
Portsmouth Harbour, 76, 77
Potter, C., 123
Potter Hoigham, 26
Prestwich, Sir J., 26, 123
Prevost, Dr E. W., 123
Raised beaches, 38, 50
Rashleigh, P., 123
Reade, T. M., 50, 51, 123
Reindeer, 44, 79
Rhine, 18, 40, 67, 110
Ribble, 51
River-drift man, 15
—— ice, 89
Roadway, submerged, 28, 100
Rogers, I., 61, 62, 124
Roman period, 3, 16, 61, 63, 65, 75, 101, 111, 115
Romney Marsh, 70, 71
Rostock, 49
Ruppia, 46
St Austell River, 92–98
St Michael's Mount, 100, 101
Saltash, 88
Sand-dunes, 3–5, 26, 27, 47, 114
Sangatte, 68
Scandinavia, 49, 106
Scilly, 100, 106
Scotland, 38, 49, 50, 106
Scrobicularia-clay, 7, 19, 53, 96
Sea-level, changes of, 3, 4, 8, 17–20, 22, 26, 38, 47, 48, 51, 57, 68, 73, 75, 106, 114
Selsey, 74, 117
Severn Tunnel, 59
Sheep, 63
Shell-marl, 8
Sherringham, 22
Shingle-beach, protection afforded by, 3–5
—— spits, growth of, 26, 114
Shore, T. W., 79, 124
Silting-up, rate of, 25, 26
Skertchly, S. B. J., 31, 122, 124
Solent, 74–76
Somerset, 60, 61
Southampton Water, 74, 76, 79
South Downs, 72
Southwold, 22
Spithead, 74–77
Spurrell, F. C. J., 13, 15–18, 124
Stather, J. W., 124
Stonehenge, 116
Storrie, J., 53, 54
Strahan, Dr A., 52–57, 124
Strait of Dover, 65–70
Stream-tin works, 80, 81, 90–102, 123, 124
Submarine erosion, 69, 84-86, 121
Submerged forest, definition of, 11
Submergence, extent of the, 8, 17, 20, 22, 26, 38, 47–49, 51, 56, 57, 68, 73, 75, 88, 93, 94, 106
Sussex, 65, 68, 71–74
Sweden, 49
Tamar, 82, 84, 85
Tavy, 82, 88
Thames, 11–19, 20, 21, 29, 38, 40, 51, 52, 84, 88, 122, 124
Thaws and floods, 89
Tidal scour, 69, 85, 86
—— wave deadened by obstructions. 4, 5, 28, 29
Tides of the Bristol Channel, 56
Tilbury, 13–19 ​Time, 114–121
Tin stream-works, 80, 81, 90–102, 123, 124
Trees growing below high-water level, 4, 5, 8
—— rooted into rock, 4
—— succession of, 8, 32
Tylor, A., 124
Vegetable remains, decay of, 4
Vine, 105
Virgin, Wheal, 97
Walrus, 44
Wash, 29, 30
Waves, effect of, 85, 86
Wealden axis, 72
Weeds, introduction of, 112
Welsch, Prof. J., 104
Westward Ho, 61–64
Weybourn, 29
Whitaker, W., 13, 15, 16, 124
Whitehead, H., 42, 124
Wolf, 2, 35
Wood, implements of, 9, 96, 97, 113
Worth, R. H., 124
Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, 75
—— Norfolk, 26, 28
Yew, 19, 32
CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS