OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/taugen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry taugen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ taugen, verb, ‘to be of use, be good or fit for,’ from Middle High German tugen, Old High German tugan (present singular touc), preterite present, ‘to be capable, useful, suitable, to be of use, to suit.’ Corresponding to Old Saxon dugan, ‘to be capable, be of use,’ Dutch deugen, ‘to be of use,’ Anglo-Saxon dugan, Old Icelandic duga, Gothic dugan, ‘to be fit, of use’ The Teutonic verbal root dug (daug) might, like Lithuanian daúg, ‘much,’ daúksinti, ‘to increase,’ point to Aryan dhugh (Greek τύχη, ‘fortune,’ τυγχάνω, ‘I am fortunate’?). To this are allied tüchtig and Tugend.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/teig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry teig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ teig, adjective, ‘mellow’ (of fruit), from the equivalent Middle High German teic; allied to the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/thun

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry thun. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ thun, verb, ‘to do, perform, make,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German tuon; corresponding to Old Saxon dûan, Dutch doen, Anglo-Saxon dôn, English to do. Further details concerning this essentially West Teutonic strong verbal root dô, dê (in Gothic taujan, ‘to do’), belongs to grammar; yet see also That and the suffix -tum. The pre-Teutonic dhô, dhê, has a wide ramification in the other Aryan languages. Compare the Greek root θη, θε, in τίθημι ‘to put, do,’ Sanscrit root dhâ (dadhâmi and dhãmi), ‘to put, lay, do’ (dhâtṛ, ‘creator’), Old Slovenian děją (and deždą), ‘to do, make,’ Latin facio (perfect fêci, equivalent to Greek ἔθηκα).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/thätig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry thätig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ thätig, adjective, ‘active, energetic,’ from Middle High German tœtec, Old High German tâtîc.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/teilen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry teilen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ teilen, weak verb, ‘to divide, share,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German teilen (Gothic dailjan), is a denominative, like Old Slovenian děliti, ‘to share.’ —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/teuer

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry teuer. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ teuer, adjective, ‘dear, costly, precious,’ from the equivalent Middle High German tiure, tiur, Old High German tiuri; corresponding to the equivalent Old Saxon diuri, Dutch duur, Anglo-Saxon dŷre, deóre, English dear (to which darling, from Anglo-Saxon deórling, is allied), Old Icelandic dýrr. For the gradation û (Modern High German tûr, ‘esteem’), iu, see dauern (2). The early history of this common Teutonic adjective, which is wanting only in Gothic, cannot be ascertained.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/thauen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry thauen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ thauen, see tauen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/teils

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry teils. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ teils, adverb, ‘partly,’ first used as an adverb in Modern High German. — The Modern High German suffix -tel in Drittel, Viertel, &c., is based upon Middle High German teil (dritteil, vierteil, &c.; see also Urtel from Urteil).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/willkommen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry willkommen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ willkommen, adjective, ‘welcome, acceptable’; substantive ‘welcome, reception’; from Middle High German willekumen. Corresponding to Dutch welkom, Anglo-Saxon wilcumen, English welcome, whence Old French wilecome (a form of greeting) was borrowed.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/winseln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry winseln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ winseln, verb, ‘to whine, whimper,’ from the equivalent Middle High German winseln, an intensive of Middle High German winsen, Old High German winsôn, winisôn, weak verb, ‘to lament.’ Probably derived, like wimmern (wiehern), from the Teutonic root hwī̆. Its connection with weinen is less probable.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/wirken

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry wirken. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ wirken, verb, ‘to work, effect, produce,’ from the equivalent Middle High German wirken (würken), Old High German wirken (wurchen). This verb, properly strong, is common to Teutonic in the forms wirkjan, wurkjan; compare Gothic waúrkjan, Anglo-Saxon wyrčęan, also Old Saxon wirkian, Dutch werken. The Teutonic verbal root werk, work, to which Modern High German Werk belongs, is based on an old Aryan root werg (worg), which occurs in several dialects. With Greek ἔργον, ‘work,’ are connected ῥέζω (for *ϝρεγιω), ‘to do, perform,’ ὄργανον, ‘instrument,’ ὄργιον, ‘sacred rite’; so too the Zend root vṛz, verez, ‘to work, toil.’ The meanings, ‘to prepare by sewing, embroidering, weaving,’ incipient in Middle High German, have been preserved in Modern High German. There is also in German a compound derivative Old High German scuoh-wurhto, Middle High German schuochwürte, ‘shoemaker,’ whence Modern High German proper names such as Schubert, Schuchardt.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/winken

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry winken. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ winken, see Wink.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/winzig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry winzig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ winzig, adjective, ‘tiny, diminutive, petty,’ from the equivalent late Middle High German winzic (g). A recent diminutive derivative of wenig (compare einzig from einig, ein); yet note Swabian and Alemannian wunzig.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/wir

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry wir. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ wir, pronoun, ‘we,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German wir; corresponding to Gothic weis, Old Saxon wî, Dutch wij, Anglo-Saxon wê, English we. The common Teutonic wîz, with a secondary nominative suffix s, is based on Aryan wei, whence Sanscrit vayám, ‘we.’ The declension of wir, which is supplemented by uns, belongs to grammar.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/willfahren

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry willfahren. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ willfahren, verb, ‘to accede to, grant, humour,’ from late Middle High German willevarn.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/wimmeln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry wimmeln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ wimmeln, verb, ‘to swarm, teem with,’ from late Middle High German (Middle German) wimmen, ‘to be astir, swarm.’ From the same root wem (wam) are derived the equivalent Old High German wimidôn and wimizzen (wamezzen). Old High German wiuman, ‘to swarm with,’ seems to be a reduplicated present of the same root wen (we-wm-).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/winden

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry winden. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ winden, verb, ‘to wind, reel, twine,’ from Middle High German winden, Old High German wintan, strong verb, ‘to wind, turn, wrap’; compare Old Saxon windan, ‘to turn’ (biwindan, ‘to wrap up’), Dutch winden, Anglo-Saxon windan, English to wind, Gothic windan. For the causative of this Teutonic strong verbal root wind, ‘to turn, wrap,’ see wenden; other derivatives are wandern, wandeln. There are no certain cognates in non-Teutonic Italian ghindare, French guinder, ‘to hoist,’ are borrowed from Teutonic.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/wimmern

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry wimmern. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ wimmern, verb, ‘to whimper,’ from Middle High German wimmer, neuter, ‘whining,’ beside which occurs an equivalent Middle High German gewammer, with a different stage of gradation; recent imitative forms.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/B

B
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/Biographical Notes

ALEX. MACBAIN, MA., LL.D.
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES
Alexander MacBain, the author of this book, was born in Glenfeshie of Badenoch, in Inverness-shire, in the year 1855. He spent his boyhood in his native district, and began his career there as a pupil teacher. Later on he was for a short time with the Ordnance Survey in Wales. In his nineteenth year he went to Old Aberdeen Grammar School: two years later, to King's College; graduated in 1880; and, in the same year, received the appointment of rector of Raining's School, Inverness. This post he held until 1894, when the school was transferred to the administration of the local Board. From that time until the close of his life he held a position in the High School of Inverness. In 1901 he was made an LL.D. by the University of Aberdeen.
The range of his studies in the Celtic field covered mythology, philology, history, manners and customs, and place and personal names. His literary output, extending over only 24 years, though not voluminous, involved much preparatory work, and is of great value for the acumen and originality exercised in the study and elucidation of the subjects which he took in hand.
A large number of his papers appeared in the Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, and also in pamphlet form. These comprise, besides others, articles on "Celtic Burial," "Who were the Picts?" "The Chieftainship of Clan Chattan," "Badenoch History, Clans, and Place Names," "Ptolemy's Geography," "The Norse Element in Highland Place Names," "Personal Names," and "The Book of Deer." In collaboration with the Rev. John Kennedy he brought out the two volumes of "Reliquiæ Celticæ," containing much matter for the student of Gaelic. He edited "Skene's Highlanders," to which he added a short but valuable excursus. Along with Mr John Whyte, Inverness, he prepared two useful Gaelic school-books and an edition of MacEachan's Gaelic Dictionary.
His most important work, however, is "The Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language," issued in 1896, of which the present volume is the second edition. Unfortunately, he was prevented from personally superintending its publication by his sudden demise in April, 1907, when in the town of Stirling making arrangements with the publisher.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/Corrigendum et Addendum

CORRIGENDUM ET ADDENDUM
At the foot of page 97 restore dropped m's.
To goireag on page 391 add (= cock of hay; also in parts of Suth. gòrag = large coil of hay. See coileag in Dicty. Ed.)
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/Authors Quoted

AUTHORS QUOTED.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/D

D
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/E

E
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/C

C
​Fr. chevron, rafter. Caprio is from caper, goat; Lat. capreoli, goat-lets, was used for two beams meeting to support something, props, stays.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/Editorial Note

EDITORIAL NOTE
The present edition of Dr MacBain's Etymological Dictionary consists of the text of the original edition, with interposed additions, amendments, and corrections drawn from the author's "Further Gaelic Words and Etymologies," from the "Addenda et Corrigenda" at the end of the first edition, and from written jottings on interleaved copies of these books.
Nothing has been added to Dr MacBain's work except the Supplement to The Outlines of Gaelic Etymology, the words and letters in square brackets, and a few slight changes from the original text, which are the work of the Rev. Dr George Henderson, Lecturer in Celtic Languages and Literature in the University of Glasgow, who found it necessary to abandon his intention of seeing the Gaelic Etymological Dictionary through the press, after reaching the sixteenth page of the "Outlines"; and a few suggestions in brackets followed by "Ed."
Nothing has been left out which could be deciphered, or applied with any measure of confidence. Even queried suggestions have been given, in the belief that mere flashes of thought by an expert may often point the way towards correct findings.
CALUM MAC PHARLAIN.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language/F

F
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wyndham, William (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wyndham, William, s. William, of Dinton, Wilts, arm. Christ Church, matric. 17 Feb., 1814, aged 17; of Dinton, M.P. South Wiltshire 1852-9, died 27 Feb., 1862.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (5th Bart.)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (5th Bart.), s. Watkin Williams, of Westminster, baronet. Christ Church, matric. 15 Oct., 1789, aged 16; created D.C.L. 4 July, 1793, lord-lieutenant cos. Denbigh and Merioneth, aide-de-camp to William IV., M.P. Beaumaris 1794-6, and co. Denbigh 1796, until his death 5 Jan., 1840.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wyndowe, Henry

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wyndowe, Henry, s. William, of Tiberton, co. Gloucester, gent. Balliol Coll., matric. 16 April, 1735, aged 16; B.A. from Merton Coll. 1740, curate of Churchdown 1741, vicar of Staventon 1758.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (6th Bart.)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (6th Bart.), 1s. Watkin Williams, of St. James's, Westminster, baronet. Christ Church, matric. 11 May, 1837, aged 16; aide-de-camp to the Queen, an officer 1st life guards, M.P. co. Denbigh 1841, until his death 9 May, 1885. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynksop, Wooddrop Crispin

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynksop, Wooddrop Crispin, o.s. Alfred, of Philadelphia, arm. Non-Coll., matric. 1 Feb., 1881, aged 21.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynn, (Sir) Henry Watkin Williams

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynn, (Sir) Henry Watkin Williams, created D.C.L. 6 July, 1810 (s. Sir Watkin, Bart.), knighted in 1831, G.C.H. 1831, K.C.B. 1 March, 1851, envoy extraordinary to the Elector of Saxony 1803-7, M.P. Midhurst 1807, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Switzerland (Feb.) 1822-3, to Stuttgart 1823, and to Copenhagen 1824-53, P.C. 30 Sep., 1825, died 28 March, 1856. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynn, Arthur Watkin Williams

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynn, Arthur Watkin Williams, 1s. Charles Watkin Williams, of London, arm. Christ Church, matric. 28 May, 1874, aged 17; B.A. 1879, bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1882. See Foster's Men at the Bar.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wyndowe, William Freeme

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wyndowe, William Freeme, 2s. Samuel, of Melcombe Regis, Dorset, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 29 Nov., 1838, aged 17; an officer 48th regiment.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynell, Philip

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynell, Philip. Wadham Coll., 1763. See Mayow, page 938.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (4th Bart.)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wynn, (Sir) Watkin Williams (4th Bart.), s. Watkin Williams, of Wynnstay, co. Denbigh, baronet. Oriel Coll., matric. 9 May, 1766, aged 17; created D.C.L. 4 July, 1771, M.P. Salop 1772-4, co. Denbigh 1774, until his death 29 July, 1789.
# An Unsocial Socialist

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
An Unsocial Socialist was published in 1887, having been written in 1883. The tale begins with a humorous description of student antics at a girl's school then changes focus to a seemingly uncouth laborer who, it soon develops, is really a wealthy gentleman in hiding from his overly affectionate wife. He needs the freedom gained by matrimonial truancy to promote the socialistic cause, to which he is an active convert. Once the subject of socialism emerges, it dominates the story, allowing only space enough in the final chapters to excoriate the idle upper class and allow the erstwhile schoolgirls, in their earliest maturity, to marry suitably.
    Warning: template has been deprecated.
* Chapter I
* Chapter II
* Chapter III
* Chapter IV
* Chapter V
* Chapter VI
* Chapter VII
* Chapter VIII
* Chapter IX
* Chapter X
* Chapter XI
* Chapter XII
* Chapter XIII
* Chapter XIV
* Chapter XV
* Chapter XVI
* Chapter XVII
* Chapter XVIII
* Appendix
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1950, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 73 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Saurach

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Saurach | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Saurach, m., ‘barberry, pepperidge bush,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sûrach, m. A derivative of sauer, MidHG. sûr.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Saturei

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Saturei | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Saturei, f., ‘savory’ (bot.), from the equiv. MidHG. satereie; comp. Ital. satureja, Fr. sarriette, MidLat. saturêja.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Saumsal

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Saumsal | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Saumsal, ‘procrastinating disposition,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sûmesal, sûmesele, with the suffix -sal: hence ModHG. saumselig, MidHG. (MidG.) sûmeselic.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Saus

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Saus | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Saus, m., ‘buzz, bluster,’ from MidHG. sûs, m., ‘drinking, blustering, revelling and rioting’; even in MidHG. occurs in dem sûse lëben, ‘to revel and riot,’ lit. ‘noisy doings’; comp. OIc. sús, ‘roar of the surf.’ —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schabe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schabe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schabe (1.), ‘mill-moth, cockroach,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schabe, f.; OHG. *scaba, f., is by chance not recorded in this sense; comp. AS. mœelsčęafa, ‘caterpillar.’ Derived, like the following word, from schaben.
Schabe (2.), f., ‘scraper, spokeshave,’ from MidHG. schabe, OHG. scaba, f., ‘spokeshave, plane.’ Comp. Du. schaaf, ‘plane,’ AS. sčęafa, E. shave (knife for shaving, hoop-axe), OIc. skafa, f., ‘spokeshave.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Schabernack

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schabernack | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schabernack, m., ‘hoax, practical joke,’ from MidHG. schabernac, schavernac, m., ‘hoax, mockery, scorn,’ also chiefly ‘shaggy (lit. neck-rubbing?) fur cap,’ and ‘a kind of strong wine.’ Allied to OHG. ir-scabarôn, ‘to scratch out, scrape together.’ It is uncertain whether the second part of the compound is connected with ModHG. Nacken or with the verb necken. The MidHG. word with its numerous senses may have also meant orig. ‘prankish hobgoblin.’ Comp. den Schelm im Nacken haben, ‘to be a sly dog’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Sau

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Sau | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Sau, f., ‘sow, hog,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. sû, f.; corresponding to AS. sû, E. sow, OIc. sýr, ‘sow.’ Du. zog, zeug, ‘sow,’ belong further, like AS. sŭgu (Goth. *sugus), and Suab., MidLG., and MidE. suge, to OTeut. sû, whence also Schwein (Goth. swein, n.) is derived. The term sû, ‘pig,’ is essentially West Aryan; comp. Lat. sû-s, Gr. ὗ-ς, σῦ-ς, to which Zend hu, ‘boar,’ is allied; for further references see under Schwein. The root is Sans. su, ‘to bring forth’ (comp. Sohn), so that the ‘sow’ was probably named from its fecundity; others regard sû as an imitation of the grunting of the pig, because in Sans. the animal is termed sûkara, lit. ‘sû maker.’ Sau, in its prov. sense, ‘ace’ (of cards), seems, like Hund, to have been an old technical term in dice-playing, yet early references are wanting.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Saumsattel

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Saumsattel | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Saumsattel, ‘pack-saddle,’ MidHG. soumsatel, AS. seámsadol.