OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Herz, Heinrich

From volume 1 of the work.
​HERZ, Heinrich, born at Vienna Jan. 6, 1806, son of a musician who, anxious to turn his early talent for the piano to the best account, wisely entered him in 1816 at the Conservatoire at Paris under Pradher. He carried off the prize for pianoforte-playing in his first year, and thenceforward his career was continually successful. He became virtually a Parisian, and was known as Henri Herz. In 1821 Moscheles visited Paris, and though ​there is no mention of Herz in that part of hia Journal, yet we have Herz's own testimony that Moscheles had much influence in the improvement of his style. For the next ten years he enjoyed an immense reputation in Paris both aa a writer and a teacher, and his compositions are said to have fetched 3 or 4 times the prices of those of much better composers. In 1831 he made a tour in Germany with Lafont, but to judge from the notices in the Allg. Zeitung Lafont made the better impression of the two. In 1833 he made his first visit to London, played at the Philharmonic on June 10, and gave a concert of his own, at which he played duets with Moscheles and with J. B. Cramer. In 1842 he was made Professor of the Pianoforte in the Conservatoire. He returned the following year, appeared again at the Philharmonic May 5, and took a long tour, embracing Edinburgh and Dublin. About this time he was tempted to join a pianoforte-maker in Paris named Klepfa, but the speculation was not successful, and Herz lost much money. He then established a factory of his own, and to repair his losses and to obtain the necessary capital for this made a journey through the United States, Mexico, California, and the West Indies, which lasted from 1845 till 1851, and of which he has himself written an account ('Mes voyages,' etc., Paris 1866). He then devoted himself to the making of pianos, and at the Exposition of 1855 his instruments obtained the highest medal, and they now take rank with those of Pleyel and Erard. In 1874 he relinquished his Chair at the Conservatoire. [App. p.672 "date of death, Jan. 5, 1888."]
Herz has left 8 concertos for P.F. and orchestra, and other compositions for his instrument in every recognised form, reaching to more than 200 in number, and including an immense number of Variations. His Etudes and his P.F. Méthode are the only things out of this mass that are at all likely to survive their author. His brilliancy and bravura and power of execution were prodigious, but they were not supported by any more solid qualities, as in the case of Thalberg, Liszt, Tausig, Bülow, and other great executants. Herz found out what his public liked and what would pay, and this he gave them. 'Is Herz prejudiced,' says Mendelssohn, 'when he says the Parisians can understand and appreciate nothing but variations?'
[ G. ]
* ↑ In Fétis's Biographie.
* ↑ 'Goethe und Mendelssohn.' p. 48.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Herzog, Johann

From volume 1 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Heseltine, James

From volume 1 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Hesse, Adolph

From volume 1 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Herschel, Frederick

From volume 1 of the work.
​HERSCHEL, Sir Frederick William, K.C.H., D.C.L. ('Sir William Herschel'), born at Hanover, Nov. 15, 1738, was second son of a musician there. He received a good education, and being destined for the profession of his father, was, at the age of 14, placed in the band of the Hanoverian regiment of guards. He came to England with the regiment about 1757 and was stationed at Durham. He soon became organist of Halifax parish church, and continued so until 1766, when he was appointed organist of the Octagon Chapel, Bath. Whilst residing at Bath he turned his attention to astronomy, and pursued his studies for several years during the intervals of his professional duties. He constructed a telescope of large dimensions, and in 1781 announced the discovery of a supposed comet, which soon proved to be the planet Uranus. He was thereupon appointed private astronomer to the king, with a salary of £400 per annum, and abandoned the musical profession. He removed to Datchet and afterwards to Slough, was knighted, and received an honorary degree at Oxford. In the summer of 1792 he was visited at Slough by Haydn. He died Aug. 23, 1822. He published a symphony for orchestra and two military concertos for wind instruments in 1768.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Hewe, John

From volume 1 of the work.
[ V. de P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Herzogenberg, Heinrich von

[ M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Herz, mein Herz, warum so traurig?

[ M. ]
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pharaoh

​PHARAOH. The title of the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt. The individual monarch spoken of in the Book of Mormon is the one in whose reign the Hebrews were delivered from the bondage of the Egyptians, under Moses and Aaron. His name is mentioned twice (I Nephi, 4:2; 17:27), and on both occasions in connection with the destruction of his armies in the Red Sea.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pahoran, the younger

​PAHORAN, THE YOUNGER. At the death of Pahoran, the first Chief Judge of that ​name who ruled the Nephites, a contention arose among three of his sons (Pahoran, Paanchi, and Pacumeni,) as to which of them should succeed him. As is usual in such cases, each one had his followers, causing much dissension, trouble and confusion among the Nephites. (B. C. 52.) The question was decided by the votes of the citizens of the republic, who chose Pahoran to be chief judge and governor over the people of Nephi. In this decision Pacumeni acquiesced, but Paanchi raised the standard of revolt.
Pahoran retained the judgment seat but a very short time. He was foully assassinated, when in the execution of his duty, by one Kishkumen, a leader among the Gadianton robbers, and an adherent of the Paanchi faction. So speedy was the flight of the murderer, and so well was he disguised, that he was not captured.
These things all took place in the fortieth year of the Nephite judges, and Pacumeni was appointed to fill the place rendered vacant by the murder of Pahoran.
The only noteworthy event that took place during his short rule was the commencement of the organization of that terrible band, the Gadianton robbers.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Palestina

​PALESTINA. A poetical name for the Holy Land which occurs twice in the Book of Mormon (II Nephi, 24:29, 31), in a quotation from the writings of Isaiah.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pathros

​PATHROS. A region of upper Egypt. It is mentioned once in the Book of Mormon (II Nephi, 21:11) in a quotation from the prophecies of Isaiah.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Paanchi

​PAANCHI. A son of Pahoran, the elder, who, upon the death of his father, aspired to the vacant judgment seat. When the choice of the Nephite people fell on his brother, Pahoran, the younger, Paanchi, raised the standard of revolt, in which he was sustained by the sympathies of a large body of the people. Before he could put his revolutionary intentions into action he was arrested, tried and condemned to death (B. C. 52). This prompt action excited great anger among his followers, and they employed an assassin named Kishkumen, who was a prominent man among them, to murder the new Chief Judge. This he successfully accomplished without discovery. It was among the dissatisfied and turbulent followers of Paanchi that the Gadianton robbers appear to have had their origin.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pacumeni

​PACUMENI. At the death of Pahoran, the elder, the Nephite Chief Judge, three of his sons contended for the successorship. The people chose Pahoran, the younger. To this choice Pacumeni assented, while the other brother, Paanchi, rose in rebellion. Shortly after, Pahoran was assassinated by Kishkumen, a follower of Paanchi, when Pacumeni was chosen by the people to fill the vacant judgment seat. All this occurred in the fortieth year of the Judges, or B. C. 52.
In the year following, the Lamanites gathered an innumerable army and invaded the land of Zarahemla. Their commander was named Coriantumr. He led his vast hosts directlly towards the Nephite capital, which he surprised and captured, the Nephites still suffering from the effects of the late divisions and contentions. This was the first time, so far as we have any record, that the city of Zarahemla fell into the hands of the Lamanites.
Pacumeni fled before Coriantumr when he found the city had been surprised, the watch slain, and its streets filled with hostile troops, but he was overtaken before he could pass beyond the walls and was smitten, by the hands of Coriantumr, "against the wall, insomuch that he died,"
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pagag

​PAGAG. The eldest son of the brother of Jared. When it was decided to establish a monarchy on the new land to which the Lord had led the Jaredites, Pagag was the first choice of the people for king. But he resolutely refused the honor, sensing, perhaps, the evils which would follow the adoption of this form of government. The people ​desired that his father should compel him to be king, but he would not do so, and commanded that they should constrain no man to be their king. The result was that all Pagag's brothers and three of the four sons of Jared followed his example, and when chosen refused to accept the proffered dignity; at last, Orihah, the fourth son of Jared, accepted. Nothing more is said of Pagag in the Book of Mormon, but from his action in this matter we judge him to have been a wise and God-fearing man. (Ether, 6:25.)
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pekah

​PEKAH. The eighteenth king of the kingdom of Israel. He was originally a captain of king Pekahiah, but he murdered his master and seized the throne. After a reign of about thirteen years he was put to death by Hoshea, the son of Elah. (About B. C. 740.) His name is once used ​In the Book of Mormon, in a transcription from the writings of Isaiah (II Nephi, 17:1).
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Pachus

​PACHUS. During the entire continuance of the Nephite Commonwealth there appear to have been very many of the Nephites to whom the pomp and glamour of royalty had uncontrollable fascinations. Such we find ever ready to support Amlici, Pachus, Jacob or any other man who put forth claims to the kingly authority. This feeling, probably, with some, had its origin in the pleasant remembrances of the happy days of the good kings Benjamin and Mosiah, but we fear it was too often attributable to a selfish ambition which saw personal agrandizement or exalted position in the restoration of the monarchy. None of these outbreaks appear to have gained greater temporary success than that which was led by Pachus (B. C. 62).
The time chosen for this rebellion was one admirably suited for its unholy purposes. The Nephites were weakened by the long continuance of one of their most bloody wars with the Lamanites, ​in which the audacity of the enemy had resulted in the loss of many cities. This state of affairs naturally caused discontent, which was increased by the subtlety of the traitors, who used all their influence to weaken the hands of the government, at the same time, doubtless, contrasting the glories of the monarchy with the misfortunes of the republic. These wiles had their effect, the king-men rose in power, took possession of the city of Zarahemla, withheld reinforcements and provisions from the national troops on the battlefield, and drove the Chief Judge, Pahoran, out of the capital. The latter retired across the Sidon to the city of Gideon.
Pachus was then recognized as king of the Nephites. Thereupon he opened communications with the Lamanites, by which he agreed to hold Zarahemla against the forces of the republic, while the Lamanites continued the warfare on the Atlantic coast and in the southwest. In this way, the contracting parties expected to conquer the patriot forces.
When Pahoran reached Gideon, he issued a proclamation to the people in the regions around about to gather to the defense of their common liberties. This appeal was so heartily responded to, that the king-men were afraid to risk the issues of battle outside of Zarahemla. Such was the situation when Pahoran wrote to Moroni, the commander-in-chief of the armies of the Commonwealth, to come to his rescue. Moroni, who was fighting on the Atlantic seaboard , promptly obeyed. Gathering up volunteers as he marched, he quickly arrived at Gideon, where he joined his forces to those of Pahoran, and unitedly they marched into the land of Zarahemla. A battle ensued in which the royalists were defeated and king Pachus was slain. As a natural consequence, Pahoran was reinstated in the judgment seat, and for a short time the Nephite Commonwealth was free from internal dissension. ​The trials of the captured king-men then commenced. Those found guilty of treason were executed, or were allowed the privilege of joining the armies in the field and fighting for the liberties of the people. Many embraced this offer, while others preferred to die with the lost cause, rather than take up arms in defense of the government they hated.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Proprietas

From volume 3 of the work.
[ W. S. R. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Prose

From volume 3 of the work.
​PROSE. [See Sequentia.]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Prumier, Antoine

From volume 3 of the work.
​PRUMIER, Antoine, born in Paris July 2, 1794, learned the harp from his mother, and afterwards entered the Conservatoire, and obtained the second harmony prize in Catel's class in 1812. After this however he was compelled by military law to enter the Ecole polytechnique; but in 1815 he gave up mathematics, re-entered the Conservatoire, and finished his studies in counterpoint under Eler. He then became harpist in the orchestra of the Italiens, and, on the death of Nadermann in 1835, professor of the harp at the Conservatoire. In the same year he migrated to the Opéra Comique, but resigned his post in 1840 in favour of his son, the best of his pupils. Prumier composed and published about a hundred fantasias, rondeaux, and airs with variations for the harp—all well written but now antiquated. He received the Legion of Honour in 1845, and was vice-president of the Association des Artistes Musiciens for 17 years consecutively. He died from the rupture of an aneurism at a committee meeting of the Conservatoire, Jan. 21, 1868. He had retired on his pension the year before, and been succeeded by Labarre, at whose death (April 1870) the professorship devolved upon
[ G. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Proske, Karl

From volume 3 of the work.
[ F. G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Prume, François

From volume 3 of the work.
[ P. D. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Proposta

From volume 3 of the work.
[ W. S. R. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Pruckner, Caroline

[ L. M. M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Prout, Ebenezer

From volume 3 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Prudent, Emile

From volume 3 of the work.
[ G. C. ]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Dancer (Samuel)

​DANCER (SAMUEL), bookseller in Dublin; Horse-shoe, Castle Street, 1662-68. The recognized publisher to the Irish Church Convocation, by which he was sent into England in February, 1666, to obtain the Royal assent to the adoption of the Book of Common Prayer approved by the Primate and Bishops of Ireland. A catalogue of books sold by him in 1663 is given at the end of Jeremy Taylor's Discourse of Confirmation. From this it appears that he dealt in statutes, proclamations, political pamphlets, and general literature. The date of his death appears to be unknown. [J. R. Garstin, The Book of Common Prayer in Ireland, 1871, pp. 10, 16; E. R. McC. Dix, List of Books printed in Dublin, part iii, 1651-75.]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Dallam (John)

​DALLAM (JOHN), bookseller in London; Shoe Makers Row, near Carter Lane, Blackfriars, 1641-48. Only known from the imprint to the following pamphlet, The Humble representation of the Commissioners of the General Assembly, 1648. [Harl. 5936. (409).]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Davenport (Ralph)

​DAVENPORT (RALPH), printer in London; St. Mary Magdalene, Old Fish Street, 1660-65. The following books came from his press: Burton (John), History of Eriander, 1661; Leigh (Edward), Select & Choice observations concerning all the Roman & Greek Emperors, 1663; Stevenson (M.), Poems, 1665. He died about September 17th, 1665, probably of the plague, having made a nuncupative will. [p.c.c. 27, Mico.]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Davies (John)

​DAVIES (JOHN), bookseller (?) in London, 1662. Only known from the imprint to the following pamphlet: Strange and wonderfull visions and Predictions of William Juniper … London: Printed for J. Davies and are to be sold by Simon Miller at the Star in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1662.
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Davies (Thomas)

​DAVIES (THOMAS) bookseller in London, (1) Bible, over against the little North Door of St. Pauls Church, 1659; (2) Bible near North Door of St. Pauls, 1660; (3) Bible in St. Pauls Churchyard. 1656-60. Son of Humphrey Davies, of Cranbury, co. Warwick, gent., apprentice to William Holden for seven years from November 4th, 1641. Issued in partnership with Simon Miller and J. Crooke Parivale's History of the Iron Age, 1659, folio, a work notable for the portraits it contains. At the end is a list of ten books, chiefly theological, issued by him. He also dealt in school books. In 1660 Thedore Sadler, q.v., joined him.
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Daniel (John)

​DANIEL (JOHN), bookseller in London; Three Hearts in St. Paul's Church-yard, near the West-end, 1663. Only known from the imprint to a comedy called Love a la Mode, 1663, 4$^o$. [b.m. 643. d. 38.]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Daniel (Roger)

​DANIEL (ROGER), printer and bookseller in London and Cambridge. London, (1) Angell in Lumbard Street; (2) Angell in Pope's Head Alley, 1627-66; (3) In vico vulgo dicto Pater-noster Row, Aula vero Lovelliana, 1651; Cambridge: Augustyne Fryars, 1632-50. An edition of the Whole Book of Psalms, printed by the University printers in Cambridge in the year 1628, was to be sold "at London, by R. Daniell at the Angell in Lumbard Street." This seems to show that Roger Daniell was at work in London several years before he joined Thomas Buck as one of the University printers in that town. There is reason to believe that the shop with the sign of the Angel stood at the Lombard Street entrance to Pope's Head Alley, and that the first and second London addresses represent the same shop, and this is perhaps identical with "the first shop next Lombard Street," in Pope's Head Alley, afterward occupied by another University stationer, Henry Cripps, q.v. On July 24th, 1632, Roger Daniel was appointed one of the two printers to the University of Cambridge, and on August 21st of that year a ​formal deed of partnership was drawn up with Thomas Buck, q.v., who, however, seems to have retired for a time from the business in 1640, as Roger Daniel's name alone figures in the imprints to Cambridge books from 1640 to 1650. In 1642 and 1643 he was in trouble with the House of Commons for printing certain things to which it took offence, and his patent as University printer was cancelled for neglect on June 1st, 1650, but he continued his business in London, and at the Restoration he petitioned to be reinstated as University printer, but without success. The last heard of him is in the year 1666. [R. Bowes, Bibl. Notes on the University Printers … in Cambridge, Camb. Antiq. Soc. Com., vol. 5, pp. 283-362; Commons' Journals, ii. 733, 751, 900, 951; Domestic State Papers, Charles II.]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Darby (Clement)

​DARBY (CLEMENT), bookseller in London, 1659. Only known from the imprint to Richard Lovelace's Lucaste, printed for him by W. Godbid. His address has not been found.
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Darby (John)

​DARBY (JOHN), printer in London; Bartholomew Close, 1662-67. A printer in a small way of business whom Sir R. L. Estrange threatened to prosecute for having set up contrary to the Act of 1662. John Darby was constantly in trouble with the authorities for printing satires, lampoons, and other unauthorised literature, of which it is enough to mention Andrew Marvell's Rehearsal Transposed. [Calendars of Domestic State Papers, 1663-67.]
# A Dictionary of the Booksellers and Printers who Were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1641 to 1667/Davis (E )

​DAVIS (E), bookseller (?) in London, 1662. This name is found in the following book; Audley (Hugh), The Way to be Rich … 1662.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Svendsen, Oluf

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Sweetland, W.

[ V. de P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Susanna

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Susato

​SUSATO. [See Tylman.]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Swell-Organ

​SWELL-ORGAN. The clavier or manual of an organ which acts upon pipes enclosed in a box, such box having shutters, by the opening of which, by means of a pedal, a crescendo is produced. The shutters are made to fold over each other like the woodwork of a venetian blind, hence the expressions 'Venetian Swell' and 'Venetian Shutters' sometimes found in specifications. To the swell-organ a larger number of reed-stops is assigned than to other manuals. [App. p.797 "The sentence in lines 5–8 of article is to be corrected, as the Venetian Swell was not named from the Venetian blind, but the Venetian blind so called because it was worked on the same principle as the harpsichord swell."]
[ J. S. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Swell (Harpsichord)

​SWELL (HARPSICHORD). The desire for a power of increase and decrease on keyboard instruments like the harpsichord and organ, so as to emulate the bow instruments, and even the human voice, in that flow and ebb which are at the foundation of form no less than of expression, has led to the contrivance of mechanical swells as the only possible approach to it. A swell was first attempted on the Organ; the harpsichord swell was introduced by Robert Plenius in a sostenente variety of the instrument, named by him 'Lyrichord,' and is described (in 1755) as the raising of a portion of the lid or cover of the instrument by means of a pedal. Kirkman adopted this very simple swell, and we find it also in many small square pianos of the last century. About 1765 Shudi introduced the Venetian swell, and patented it in 1769. This beautiful piece of joinery is a framing of louvres which open or close gradually by means of a pedal (the right foot one) and thus cause a swell, which may be as gradual as the performer pleases. Shudi bequeathed this patent to John Broadwood, who inherited it on the death of Shudi in 1773. When the patent expired, Kirkman and others adopted it, and it was fitted to many old harpsichords, and even to pianos, but was soon proved unnecessary in an instrument where power of nuance was the very first principle.
[ A. J. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Swert, Jules de

[ G. ]