# Africa by Élisée Reclus/Volume 1

Contents
Contents
CONTENTS.
| chap. | | | page |
| I. | General Survey | General Survey | 1 |
| II. | The Nile Basin. | The Nile Basin. | 31 |
| | | The River, p. 31. Lake Victoria Nyanza, p. 35. The Somerset Nile, p. 37. Lake Albert Nyanza, p. 39. The White Nile, p. 40. The Blue Nile, p. 47. The Atbara River, p. 50. The Nubian Nile, p. 62. The Lower Nile, p. 57. The Fayum Depression, p. 60. Periodical Rising of the Nile, p. 69. | |
| III. | Region of the Great Lakes | Region of the Great Lakes | 74 |
| | | Climate, Flora, Fauna, p. 75. Inhabitants, p. 76. The Ruanda Country, p. 82. The Empire of U-Ganda, p. 82. Religion, Trade, Administration, p. 86. Topography, p. 88. The Kavirondo and Nanda Countries, p. 88. The U-Nyoro Territory, p. 91. | |
| IV. | Region of the Upper Nile Tributaries. | Region of the Upper Nile Tributaries. | 95 |
| | | Inhabitants, p. 97. The Latuka Country, p. 102. Topography, p. 112. | |
| V. | Sobat And Yal Basins | Sobat And Yal Basins | 116 |
| | | The Gambil and Koma Tribes, p. 116. The Shilluks, p. 119. Topography, p: 122. | |
| VI. | Abyssinia (Ethiopia) | Abyssinia (Ethiopia) | 123 |
| | | Relief of the Land, Population, p. 123. Historic Retrospect, p. 124. Exploration, p. 126. The Abyssinian Plateau, p. 128. The Kwallas and River Gorges, p. 128. Orographic System, p. 131. The Northern Highlands, p. 131. Hamassen and Simen Uplands, p. 133. The Eastern Border Range, p. 136. Central and Western Highlands, p. 136. The Abyssinian Seaboard, p. 137. Lake Alalbed, p. 137. Climate, p. 139. Flora, p. 142. Fauns, p. 144. Inbabitants, p. 145. Agriculture, p. 164. Arts and Industries, p. 154. Religion and Education, p. 106. Government, p. 169. Topography, p. 161. Gondar, p. 161. Debra-Tabor, p. 163. Magdala, p. 168. Adua, p. 171. Aksum, p. 172. Massawah, p. 178. Dahlak Islands, p. 180. Administrative Divisions, p. 183. | |
| VII. | Shoa, Danakil, and North Galla States | Shoa, Danakil, and North Galla States | 184 |
| VIII. | Upper Nubia | Upper Nubia | 216 |
| | | Physical and Political Features, p. 217. Gumu, Berta, and Lega Highlands, p. 218. Climate, Flora, Fauna, p. 220. Inhabitants, p. 222. The Funj Race, p. 227. The Kunama and Barea p. 229. The Bejas, p. 234. Topography, p. 239. Senar, p. 241. Khartum, p. 244. Naga, Meroë, p. 246. Kassala, p. 249. Berber, p. 262. | ​ |
| IX. | Kordofân | Kordofân | 257 |
| | | 263. Social Usages, p. 267. Topography: El-Obeïd, p. 266. |
| X. | Dar-Fôr | Dar-Fôr | 271 |
| | | Progress of Discovery, p. 272. Physical Features, p. 272. Hydrographic System, p. 274. Flora, p. 275. Fauna, p. 276. Inhabitants, p. 276. Commercial Relations, p. 278. Topography : El-Fasher, p. 279. |
| XI. | Nubia. | Nubia. | 281 |
| | | The Nubian Coast Range, p. 282. The Nubian Gold Mines, p. 283. The Central Highlands, p. 284. Geological Formations, p. 286. The Bayuda Steppe, p. 287. Climate, p. 289. Flora, p. 290. Fauna, p. 291. Inhabitants, p. 292. The Bisharin, p. 295. Topography, p. 297. Dongola, p. 299. Wady-Halfa, p. 309. Korosko, Ibsambul, p. 309. |
| XII. | Egypt | Egypt | 307 |
| | | Historic Retrospect, p. 307. Chronology, p. 308. Social Condition of the Ancient Egyptians, p. 309. Present Condition, p. 310. Geographical Exploration, p. 312. Extent and Population, p. 313. The Arabian Range, p. 314. Geology, p. 317. The Libyan Plateau, p. 319. The Petrified Forests, p. 321. The Western Oases, p. 322. The Natron Lakes, p. 326. The Libyan Desert, p. 329. Climate, p. 331. Rainfall, p. 333. Climatic Changes, p. 334. Flora, p. 336. Fauna, p. 338. Inhabitants, p. 341. The Copts, p. 341. The Fellahin, p 344. The Arabs of Egypt, p. 346. The Levantines, p. 350. Religion, p. 353. Social Usages, p. 355. Slavery, p. 356. Land Tenure, p. 357. Irrigation, p. 359. The Corvée, p. 361. Conservatism and Progress, p. 362. The Suez Canal, p. 363. Topography, p. 373. Philæ, p. 373. Edfu, p. 377. Thebes, Luxor, Karnak, p. 379. Denderah, p. 387. Thinis, p. 388. The Great and Little Oaseb, p. 391. Meidun, Saqqarah, p. 398. Memphis, p. 400. The Great Pyramids, p. 401. Cairo, p. 405. Barrage of the Nile, p. 413. Srez, p. 415. Tell-el-Kebir, Pithom, p. 417. Port Said, p. 419. Damietta, p. 423. Rosetta, p. 426. Abukir, p. 427. Alexandria, p. 428. Naucratis, p. 435. Agriculture, p. 436. Irrigation, p. 438. Industries, p. 439. Trade, Railways, Telegraphs, p. 440. Government, p. 442. Prospects, p. 444. Administrative Divisions, p. 446. |
| Appendix I. | Statistical Tables | Statistical Tables | 447 |
| "II. | Ethnology of North-East Africa | Ethnology of North-East Africa | 459 |
| "III. | Egyptian Chronology | Egyptian Chronology | 474 |
| | Index | Index | 489 |