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# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pinhey, Arthur Francis

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​Pinhey, Arther Francis; acting Judge, High Court, Madras; educ: Trinity College, Oxford; entered service as Assistant Collector and Magistrate, Salem; 1885; attached to Revenue Survey No. IV Party, 1885; attached to Revenue Settlement No. II Party, 1885; passed Survey the same year; posted as Assistant Collector and Magistrate, passed Lower Standard, 1886; acting Special Assistant Collector and Magistrate and Agent to Governor in Ganjam, 1887-88; passed Higher Standard, 1888; services placed at the disposal of the Government of India (Home department), 1888; Officiating Assistant Commissioner, 1888; confirmed, 1889; reverted to Madras, 1890; acted in various districts and was posted as District and Sessions Judge, Tinnevelly, where he tried the famous riot case and convicted Mr. Chithambaram Pillai, 1908; raised to the Bench of the Madras High Court, but the appointment was voted; retired, 1909. Address: c/o of India Office, London.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pithapuram, Raja of; Raja Ram Venkata Kumara Mahipati Surya Rao Bahadur Garu

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​Pithapuram, Raja of; Raja Ram Venkata Kumara Mahipati Surya Rao Bahadur Garu; s. of Raja Ram Venkata Mahipati Gangathara Rama Rao Bahadur Garu; b. 1885; educ: Newington College, Madras; bears the hereditary title of Raja Sahib Maharbanji Dostan Sardar Sirkar. Address: ‘Spring Gardens’, Teynampet, Madras; Pithapuram, Godavari District, Madras Presidency, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pitambar Das

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​Pitambar Das, I.C.S., Rai Bahadur, Revenue Member, Indore; b. 1862; s. of Rai Mathura Das; educ: St. John’s College, Agra; joined British service as Tahsildar in N.W.F. Provinces; Manager of the Wards Estate, Ajmere, 1885-1888; Sheristadar, Board of Revenue, U.P., till 1893; services lent to Indore State, 1905; Member of the Council of Regency, since 1898; Chief Famine Officer of the State, 1907 08. Recreations: Tennis, Cricket and Shooting. Address: Indore, Central India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Playfair, Sir Patrick

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​Playfair, Sir Patrick, Kt. (1897), C.I.E. (1896), Partner of Messrs. Parry & Co., Calcutta and London; s. of late Patrick Playfair of Dalmarnock; b. 1853; educ: Loretto School, Glasgow; President and Vice-President, Bengal Chamber of Commerce; Member representing the Bengal mercantile interst in the Bengal Legislative Council; Additional Member, Imperial Legislative Council, 1893-97; Sheriff of Calcutta, 1896. Address: No. 2, Ennismore Gardens, S.W. Clubs: Oriental, Wellington.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pinhey, Lt.-Colonel Alexander Fleetwood

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​Pinhey, Lt.-Colonel Alexander Fleetwood, C.S.I. (1911), C.I.E. (1901) Indian Army; b. 1861; m. Violet Beatrice, d. of late General Sir Henry Garden, 1891 , joined service as Lieutenant, King’s Liverpool Regiment, 1883; served in Banswara as Assistant Political Agent and as Superintendent, Moghia Operations, 1886; Political Agent, Baghlkhand, 1895; Resident in Mewar, 1910; Resident in Gwalior, 1907; Officiating A.G. in Rajputana, 1908-09; Private Secretary to Viceroy of India since 1910; Resident, Hyderabad (D), 1912; Honorary Colonel, Hyderabad Volunteer Rifles, 1912. Addresss: Hyderabad (D), India. Club: Junior United Service.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Plowden, Cecil Ward Chichele

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​Plowden, Cecil Ward Chichele, C.I.E. (1909); s. of late Major General George Ward Chichele Plowden; b. 1864; Inspector General of Police, Calcutta. Address: Calcutta, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pirpur

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​Pirpur (see Abu Jafar Saiyed.)
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pitman, Charles Edward

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​Pitman, Charles Edward, C.I.E. (1880), F.R.G.S., Indian Telegraph Department (retired); o.s. of late Captain Pitman; b. in Plymouth, 1845; educ: Royal Naval School; joined the Indian Telegraph Department, 1868; worked in the Lushi Expedition ​(despatches medal and clasps), 1871-72; sent on a mission to Kerlat. 1876; employed in Beluchistan, 1877-78; present in Afghan War, 1878-80; m. Lucy Madeede, d. of late Cargill, 1888: present at Khandahar (despatches and Medal and 4 clasps); Director-General of Telegraphs, India, 1899; retired, 1900. Address: Drewton, Chelston, Torquay Club: Junior Constitutional; Devon and Exter.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pittendrigh, Hon’ble George

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​Pittendrigh, Hon’ble George, M.A., Professor of English Literature, Christian College, Madras; Fellow, Madras University, 1905; Examiner in English Literature for many years; Bursar and acting Principal, Christian College, Madras, 1913; represents the Madras University in the Madras Legislative Council since 1914. Address: College House, Esplanade Row, Madras, India.
# The Moon and Sixpence/Chapter XVII

IT was about five years after this that I decided to live in Paris for a while. I was growing stale in London. I was tired of doing much the same thing every day. My friends pursued their course with uneventfulness; they had no longer any surprises for me, and when I met them I knew pretty well what they would say; even their love-affairs had a tedious banality. We were like tram-cars running on their lines from terminus to terminus, and it was possible to calculate within small limits the number of passengers they would carry. Life was ordered too pleasantly. I was seized with panic. I gave up my small apartment, sold my few belongings, and resolved to start afresh.
I called on Mrs. Strickland before I left. I had not seen her for some time, and I noticed changes in her; it was not only that she was older, thinner, and more lined; I think her character had altered. She had made a success of her business, and now had an office in Chancery Lane; she did little typing herself, but spent her time correcting the work of the four girls she employed. She had had the idea of giving it a certain daintiness, and she made much use of blue and red inks; she bound the copy in coarse paper, that looked vaguely like watered silk, in various pale colours; and she had acquired a reputation for neatness and accuracy. She was making money. But she could not get over the idea that to earn her living was somewhat undignified, and she was inclined to remind you that she was a lady by birth. She could not help bringing into her conversation the names of people she knew which would satisfy you that she had not sunk in the social scale. She was a little ashamed of her courage and business capacity, but delighted that she was going to dine the next night with a K.C. who lived in South Kensington. She was pleased to be able to tell you that her son was at Cambridge, and it was with a little laugh that she spoke of the rush of dances to which her daughter, just out, was invited. I suppose I said a very stupid thing.
"Is she going into your business?" I asked.
"Oh no; I wouldn't let her do that," Mrs. Strickland answered. "She's so pretty. I'm sure she'll marry well."
"I should have thought it would be a help to you."
"Several people have suggested that she should go on the stage, but of course I couldn't consent to that, I know all the chief dramatists, and I could get her a part to-morrow, but I shouldn't like her to mix with all sorts of people."
I was a little chilled by Mrs. Strickland's exclusiveness.
"Do you ever hear of your husband?"
"No; I haven't heard a word. He may be dead for all I know."
"I may run across him in Paris. Would you like me to let you know about him?"
She hesitated a minute.
"If he's in any real want I'm prepared to help him a little. I'd send you a certain sum of money, and you could give it him gradually, as he needed it."
"That's very good of you," I said.
But I knew it was not kindness that prompted the offer. It is not true that suffering ennobles the character; happiness does that sometimes, but suffering, for the most part, makes men petty and vindictive.
# The Moon and Sixpence/Chapter XVI

WHAT followed showed that Mrs. Strickland was a woman of character. Whatever anguish she suffered she concealed. She saw shrewdly that the world is quickly bored by the recital of misfortune, and willingly avoids the sight of distress. Whenever she went out—and compassion for her misadventure made her friends eager to entertain her—she bore a demeanour that was perfect. She was brave, but not too obviously; cheerful, but not brazenly; and she seemed more anxious to listen to the troubles of others than to discuss her own. Whenever she spoke of her husband it was with pity. Her attitude towards him at first perplexed me. One day she said to me:
"You know, I'm convinced you were mistaken about Charles being alone. From what I've been able to gather from certain sources that I can't tell you, I know that he didn't leave England by himself."
"In that case he has a positive genius for covering up his tracks."
She looked away and slightly coloured.
"What I mean is, if anyone talks to you about it, please don't contradict it if they say he eloped with somebody."
"Of course not."
She changed the conversation as though it were a matter to which she attached no importance. I discovered presently that a peculiar story was circulating among her friends. They said that Charles Strickland had become infatuated with a French dancer, whom he had first seen in the ballet at the Empire, and had accompanied her to Paris. I could not find out how this had arisen, but, singularly enough, it created much sympathy for Mrs. Strickland, and at the same time gave her not a little prestige. This was not without its use in the calling which she had decided to follow. Colonel MacAndrew had not exaggerated when he said she would be penniless, and it was necessary for her to earn her own living as quickly as she could. She made up her mind to profit by her acquaintance with so many writers, and without loss of time began to learn shorthand and typewriting. Her education made it likely that she would be a typist more efficient than the average, and her story made her claims appealing. Her friends promised to send her work, and took care to recommend her to all theirs.
The MacAndrews, who were childless and in easy circumstances, arranged to undertake the care of the children, and Mrs. Strickland had only herself to provide for. She let her flat and sold her furniture. She settled in two tiny rooms in Westminster, and faced the world anew. She was so efficient that it was certain she would make a success of the adventure.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leopold, Karl Gustaf af

Edition of 1905. See also Carl Gustaf af Leopold on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEOPOLD, lā'ṓ-pōlt, Karl Gustaf af (1756-1829). The Swedish Gottsched (q.v.), bulwark of French Classicism against the attacks of the
Romantic Phosphorists. He attempted all forms of poetry save the epic, and approached nearest to distinction in his tragedies Odin (1790) and Virginia (1802).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Lesley, J. Peter

Edition of 1905. See also John Peter Lesley on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LESLEY, J. Peter (1819-1903). An American geologist, born in Philadelphia. He graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1838, and then spent three years assisting Henry D. Rogers in the first geological survey of Pennsylvania. In 1841 he entered the Princeton Theological Seminary, and upon his graduation in 1844 was licensed as a minister by the Presbytery of Philadelphia. He then went to Europe, where he traveled on foot through France, Savoy, Switzerland, and Germany, and spent some time at the University of Halle. On his return to the United States, in 1845, he was sent by the American Tract Society into the mountainous regions of Pennsylvania, where he worked among the ignorant mountaineers until 1848, when he became pastor of a Congregationalist church in Milton, Mass. Two years later he resigned, because of a change in his religious beliefs, and returned to Philadelphia, where he became a professional geologist. He made extensive researches in the coal, oil, and iron fields of the United States and Canada, and became an acknowledged authority on the coal-fields of North America. He was appointed secretary of the American Iron Association in 1855, secretary and librarian of the American Philosophical Society in 1858, and State geologist of Pennsylvania in 1874. From 1872 until 1878 he was professor of geology at the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1886 was appointed emeritus professor there. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company sent him to Europe in 1863 to examine the Bessemer iron works, and in 1867 the United States Senate appointed him one of the commissioners to the World's Fair in Paris. Besides the works which he edited, and the numerous papers by him which appeared in scientific magazines, he published: A Manual of Coal and Its Topography (1856); Man's Origin and Destiny from the Platform of the Sciences (1868); The Iron Manufacturer's Guide (1858); Historical Sketch of Geological Explorations in Pennsylvania (1876); and Paul Dreifuss, His Holiday Abroad (1882).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leisewitz, Johann Anton

Edition of 1905. See also Johann Anton Leisewitz on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEISEWITZ, lī'ze-vĭts, Johann Anton (1752-1806). A German dramatic poet, born in Hanover. He went to Göttingen in 1770, and became a member of the circle of poets called Der Hainbund, which included Stolberg and Voss, and contributed two poems to the Göttingen Musenalmanach for 1775, both essentially dramatic and democratic in tone. In 1775, at Brunswick, and later at Berlin and Weimar, he met and soon counted among his friends Eschenburg, Mendelssohn, Lessing, Nicolai, Herder, and Goethe. His single complete play, Julius von Tarent (1776), was written in Lessing's style and with much of the latter's dramatic technique. The play was a favorite of Schiller, and was frequently acted in Germany.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leist, Burkard Wilhelm

Edition of 1905. See also Burkard Wilhelm Leist on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEIST, līst, Burkard Wilhelm (1819—). A German jurist, born at Western, in Hanover. He was educated at Göttingen, Heidelberg, and Berlin; was made professor of civil law at Basel (1846), and later at Rostock (1847), whence he went to the University of Jena (1853). A pupil of Savigny, he combined the historical method with analysis, and after studies on the fundamental material of law, especially Roman law, made valuable researches in the hypothetical field of Indogermanic law. His more important writings are: Die Bonorum Possessio, ihre geschichtliche Entwickelung und heutige Geltung (1844-48); Civilistische Studien auf dem Gebiet dogmatischer Analyse (1854-77); Mancipation und Eigentumstradition (1865); Versuche einer Geschichte der römischen Rechtssysteme (1850); Der römische Erbrechtsbesitz (1871); Altarisches Jus Gentium (1889); and Altarisches Jus Civile (1894-96).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leopold Charles Frederick

Edition of 1905. See also Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEOPOLD CHARLES FREDERICK (1790-1852). Grand Duke of Baden. He succeeded his half-brother, Louis, in 1830. He interested himself in the liberal ideas of his time, granted concessions to his subjects in 1848, and in the spring of 1849 declined to oppose the movement which finally broke down all barriers and forced him to flee from the country on the night of May 13th. In August he was reinstated by the troops of Prussia and the Confederation. He acted with the greatest forbearance after regaining his power. During the last years of his reign he admitted his son Frederick, who later succeeded him, to a share in the government.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Lepsius, Karl Richard

Edition of 1905. See also Karl Richard Lepsius on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEPSIUS, lĕp'sḗ-ụs Karl Richard (1810-84.) A German archæologist and Egyptologist, born at Naumburg, December 23, 1810. He studied at Leipzig, Göttingen, Berlin, and Paris. His first work, Die Paläographie als Mittel der Sprachforschung (1834), received the Volney Prize of the French Institute. For some years after this he wrote chiefly on paleography, on the Etruscan, Oscan, and Umbrian inscriptions (Inscriptiones Umbricæ et Oscæ, 1841), and on comparative philology (Zwei sprachvergleichende Abhandlungen, 1836, etc.). With his Lettre à M. le professeur H. Rosellini sur l'alphabet hiéroglyphique (1837), written while he was living at Rome (where he became intimately acquainted with Bunsen), he entered the field of hieroglyphic research. In 1842 he was placed at the head of an expedition sent to Egypt by the King of Prussia and spent three years (1842-45) in exploring the ruins of Egypt and Nubia as far as Khartum. The results of this expedition were given to the world in the magnificent work, Denkmäler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien (1850-59), published at the expense of the King, and in his Briefe aus Aegypten (1852). He became professor of Egyptology at Berlin in 1846, director of the Berlin Egyptian Museum in 1865, and director of the Royal Library in 1873. Of his numerous works the following are the most important: Chronologie der Aegypter (1840); Todtenbuch der Aegypter (1842); Das bilingue Decret von Kanopus (1866). He also wrote on metrology, Die Längenmasse der Alten (1884), and on phonetics, Standard Alphabet for Reducing Unwritten Languages, etc. (1863). His Nubische Grammatik (1880) touched on comparative African philology. He died July 10, 1884. Consult Ebers, Richard Lepsius, ein Lebensbild (Leipzig, 1885).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leith

Edition of 1905. See also Leith on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEITH, lēth. An important town of Scotland, on the Firth of Forth, two miles north of Edinburgh, with which it is connected by a continuous line of houses, and of which it is the seaport (Map: Scotland, E 4). The town is irregular and dingy, especially in the older and central parts, but the Trinity House, custom-house, town hall, royal exchange, corn exchange, and banks are handsome buildings. The city has a Government navigation school. West of the town is Leith fort, an important artillery station, and the fishing village of Newhaven is situated within the port boundaries. Leith combines with Edinburgh in the provision of water and gas; it maintains electric lighting, baths, municipal lodging-house, artisans' dwelling, fire brigade, slaughter-houses, and public parks. The harbor extends by means of two piers upward of a mile into the firth, and has a depth of about 25 feet at high water. There are six dry docks and an equal number of wet docks. The total water area of the docks and harbor is 80 acres. Railway communication is continued from the various Leith stations to the quays, and even to the extremity of the western pier, and across the harbor by an iron swing-bridge. The chief manufactures are ships, machinery, sailcloth, ropes, ale, rectified spirits, soap, bottles, and flour. The trade of the port is chiefly in colonial and foreign produce, but is also extensive in coal and iron exports. Grain, timber, and wine are among the leading imports. A large part of the Continental trade is with Hamburg and Danish, Dutch, and Belgian ports. An average of 4250 ships enter and clear annually a gross tonnage of 3,000,000. Its own shipping comprises about 200 vessels, with a total of about 115,000 tons. Leith is an ancient town, and its history is largely connected with that of Edinburgh. It “buildit ane verry monstruous Great ship, ye Michael,” in 1511, for James IV. It was walled and fortified in 1549. Some of the walls and a Saxon archway remain of the citadel built in 1650 by Oliver Cromwell's forces, and destroyed after the Restoration. Population, in 1891, 68,700; in 1901, 76,600. Consult Stevenson, Annals of Edinburgh and Leith (Edinburgh, 1839).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leichhardt, Ludwig

Edition of 1905. See also Ludwig Leichhardt on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LEICHHARDT, līK'härt, Ludwig (1813-48?). A German explorer, born at Trebatsch, Province of Brandenburg. Prussia, After studying at Göttingen and Berlin, he traveled in Italy, France, and England, and in 1841 went to Australia. Here he at once began the geological investigations which he later described in his Contributions to the Geology of Australia. In 1844 he set out on his second expedition to Australia, and with about seven companions traveled from Moreton Bay, on the eastern coast, through Queensland, to Port Essington. in the extreme north of the continent. After accomplishing this journey, in which he covered about 2000 miles, in sixteen months, Leichhardt returned to Sydney and published the results of his expediition in his Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia from Moreton Bay to Port Essington (1846). At the close of that year he started on his last trip, in which he proposed to go from Moreton Bay across the central part of the continent from east to west. The last information received from him was sent from Macpherson's Station on the Cogoon River, on April 3, 1848. No less than five relief expeditions were organized in 1851-65, but these failed to discover a trace of the lost explorer, whose disappearance
remains unexplained. A district or grand division of Queensland, a county of New South Wales, and a town in Cumberland County, N. S. W., not far from Sydney, were named in his honor. Consult the study by Zuchold (Leipzig, 1856).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Leskien, August

Edition of 1905. See also August Leskien on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
LESKIEN, lĕs'kḗ-en, August (1840—). A German philologist. He was born at Kiel and studied there, at Leipzig, and at Jena, where he specialized in Slavic linguistics under Schleicher (1866-67), and was made professor of comparative philology in 1869. A year later he went to Leipzig to give the first course there in Slavic languages. With Burgmann he edited Litauische Volkslieder und Märchen (1882). In 1884 he became an editor of Ersch and Gruber's Realencyklopädie. His other writings include: Indogermanische Chrestomathie, with Ebel, Schleicher, and Schmidt (1869); Handbuch der altbulgarischen Sprache (3d ed. 1898); Die Deklination im Slawisch-Litauischen und Germanischen (1876); Untersuchungen über Quantität und Betonung in den slawischen Sprachen (1885-93); and Die Bildung der Nomina im Litauischen (1891).
# The Jonquille/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
Mr. Wheaton, for the respondents, moved to docket and dismiss the appeal in the case, which was a prize cause, commenced in the Circuit Court of North Carolina, in which a decree for costs and damages had been entered against the captors, from which they appealed, but had not prosecuted their appeal. He produced a certificate from the Court below to that effect.
The COURT stated, that the case was within the spirit of the 20th rule of Court, although that rule applied, in terms, only to writs of error.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Jolly Pinder of Wakefield (1689)

Broadside sheet containing two poems
THE
Jolly Pinder of Wakefield,
WITH
Robin Hood, Scarlet and John.
* The Jolly Pinder of Wakefield
* The Noble Acts newly found, Of Arthur of the Table Round
Printed for W. Thackeray, at the Angel in Duck-Lane. J. M. and A. M.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse