OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Butler, Joseph

​Butler, Joseph (1692-1752).—Theologian, b. at Wantage, s. of a Presbyterian linen-draper, was destined for the ministry of that Church, but in 1714 he decided to enter the Church of ​England, and went to Oxf. After holding various other preferments he became rector of the rich living of Stanhope, Bishop of Bristol (1738), and Bishop of Durham (1750), and was said to have refused the Primacy. In 1726 he pub. Fifteen Sermons, and in 1736 The Analogy of Religion. These two books are among the most powerful and original contributions to ethics and theology which have ever been made. They depend for their effect entirely upon the force of their reasoning, for they have no graces of style. B. was an excellent man, and a diligent and conscientious churchman. Though indifferent to general literature, he had some taste in the fine arts, especially architecture. B.'s works were ed. by W.E. Gladstone (2 vols. 1896), and there are Lives by Bishop W. Fitzgerald, Spooner (1902), and others, see also History of English Thought in 18th Century, by Leslie Stephen.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Butler, Samuel (writer)

​Butler, Samuel (1825-1902).—Miscellaneous writer, ed. at Shrewsbury and Camb., wrote two satirical books, Erewhon (nowhere) (1872), and Erewhon Revisited (1901). He translated the Iliad and Odyssey in prose, and mooted the theory that the latter was written by a woman. Other works were The Fair Haven, Life and Habit, The Way of all Flesh (a novel) (1903), etc., and some sonnets. He also wrote on the Sonnets of Shakespeare.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Burnet, Thomas

​Burnet, Thomas (1635?-1715).—Theologian and writer on cosmogony, was b. at Croft near Darlington, and ed. at Camb., and became Master of Charterhouse and Clerk of the Closet to William III. His literary fame rests on his Telluris Theoria Sacra, or Sacred Theory of the Earth, pub. about 1692, first in Latin and afterwards in English, a work which, in absence of all scientific knowledge of the earth's structure, was necessarily a mere speculative cosmogony. It is written, however, with much eloquence. Some of the views expressed in another work, Archæolgiæ Philosophicæ, were, however, so unacceptable to contemporary theologians that he had to resign his post at Court.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Burton, Sir Richard Francis

​Burton, Sir Richard Francis (1821-1890).—Explorer and scholar, s. of an officer in the army, was b. at Barham House, Herts, and after a somewhat desultory education abroad as well as at home, entered upon a life of travel, adventure, and military and civil service in almost every quarter of the world, including India, Africa, the nearer East, and North and South America, in the course of which he mastered 35 languages. As an official his masterful ​ways and spirit of adventure frequently brought him into collision with superior powers, by whom he not seldom considered himself ill-used. He was the author of upwards of 50 books on a great variety of subjects, including travels, novels, and translations, among which are Personal Narrative of a Journey to Mecca (1855), First Footprints in East Africa (1856), Lake Regions of Equatorial Africa (1860), The Nile Basin, a translation and life of Camoens, an absolutely literal translation of the Arabian Nights, with notes and commentaries, of which his accomplished wife pub. an expurgated edition. Lady B., who was the companion of his travels after 1861, also wrote books on Syria, Arabia, and other eastern countries, as well as a life of her husband, a number of whose manuscripts she destroyed.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jervis, Henry Meredyth White

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​JERVIS, Bart. (Lieut., 1814. f-p., 9; h-p., 31.)
Sir Henry Meredyth Jervis White Jervis, born 20 Nov. 1793, is eldest son of the late Sir John Jervis White Jervis, by Jane, daughter of Henry Nisbett, Esq., of Ashmore, co. Longford. He succeeded his father, as second Baronet, in 1830.
This officer entered the Navy, 1 April, 1807, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Kent 74, Capt. Thos. Rogers, of which ship, stationed in the Mediterranean, he became Midshipman in Jan. 1808. FVom Nov. 1809 until Feb. 1813 he served off Lisbon, and again in the Mediterranean, on board the Lavinia 40, Capts. Lord Wm. Stuart and Geo. Digby; and while so attached he assisted, in 1811, at the capture, under a heavy fire from a division of Suchet’s army, of a well-defended island in the Bay of Rosas, which had long been a place of refuge for French privateers. On 26 Aug. 1814, after having witnessed (in the San Josef 110, flag-ship of Sir Rich. King) the two partial actions fought by Sir Edw. Pellew with the Toulon fleet. Sir Henry was confirmed a Lieutenant in the Blenheim 74, Capt. Sam. Warren, with whom he returned to England. His last appointment was, on 16 of the ensuing Sept., to the Pelorus 18, Capts. Chas. Hole and John Gourly. In that vessel he served for 12 months on the Cork and Channel stations.
He married, 16 Dec. 1818, Marian, third daughter of Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Fairfield, in Ayrshire, by Catherine, his second wife, daughter of Capt. Geo. Gunning, of the Guards. By that lady he has issue four sons and three daughters – of the former, one, Henry, is a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery; and another, Joscelyn, a Midshipman R.N.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Joachim, Richard

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​JOACHIM. (Lieut., 1815. f-p., 33; h-p., 10.)
Richard Joachim had two brothers in the Naval service, who died in the West Indies in the early part of the late war. This officer entered the Navy, 4 Aug. 1804, as. Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Argo 44, Capt. Geo. Parker, under whom (with the exception of about 12 months passed in 1811-12 on board the Dragon 74, bearing the flag of Sir Fras. Laforey in the West Indies) he continued to serve as Midshipman and Master’s Mate, in the Stately 64, and Aboukir and Bombay 74’s, on the North Sea, Baltic, and Mediterranean stations, until June,. 1814. When in the Stately, in company with the Nassau 64, we find him assisting at the capture, after an obstinate running fight, and a loss to the former of 4 men killed and 28 wounded, of the Danish 74-gun ship Prindts Christian Frederic, off the coast of Zealand, 22 March, 1808. He remained in the Bombay with Capt. John Bazely until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 7 Feb. 1815, an event that took place rather more than three years after he had passed his examination. He joined the Coast Blockade, as Supernumerary-Lieutenant of the Hyperion 42, Capt. Wm. Jas. Mingaye, 14 Nov. 1825, and since ​its abolition in March, 1831, has been employed in the Coast Guard.
Lieut. Joachim married, 23 Aug. 1832, Elizabeth, daughter of Thos. Beard, Esq.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jervis, William Henry

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​JERVIS. (Captain, 1846.)
William Henry Jervis entered the Navy 16 April, 1816; passed his examination in 1823; and was made Lieutenant, 2 March, 1828, into the Hussar 46, bearing the flag at Halifax of Sir Chas. Ogle, who transferred him, in the following May, to the Ringdove 18, Capt. Chas. English. After nine months of half-pay he obtained an appointment, 3 Oct. 1829, to the Winchester 52, flag-ship of Sir Edw. Griffith Colpoys on the North America and West India station. He was nominated, 25 June, 1831, Flag-Lieutenant, in the Prince Regent 120, to Rear-Admiral Wm. Parker, off Lisbon, where he continued to serve, in the same capacity, on board the Asia 84, until promoted to the rank of Commander 16 July, 18.34. He was subsequently, with the exception of a few months in 1839-40, employed in the Coast Guard from 26 March, 1836, until July, 1843; and from the latter date until superseded in Oct. 1845 he commanded the Pluto 16, in the East Indies. He attained his present rank 9 Nov. 1846, and is now on half -pay.
Capt. Jervis married, 12 Jan. 1835, Susan Arabella, third daughter of the late John Starr, Esq., Member of the Provincial Parliament at Halifax for co. King’s, and has issue.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jewers, Richard Francis

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​JEWERS, K.W. (Lieutenant, 1809. f-p., 11; h-p., 33.)
Richard Francis Jewers entered the Navy, in June, 1803, as A.B., on board the Matilda hospital-ship at Woolwich, Lieut.-Commander Jas. James; and from July, 1804, until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 5 July, 1809, served as Midshipman and Master’s Mate in the Cleopatra 32, and Milan 38, both commanded by Sir Robt. Laurie, Cambrian 40, Capts. John Poo Beresford and Hon. Chas. Paget, and Theseus 74, Capt. J. P. Beresford, on the North American and Home stations. He was in consequence in the Cleopatra when captured, 17 Feb. 1805, after a brilliant and self-sought action of nearly three hours, and a loss of 20 killed and 38 wounded, by La Ville de Milan of 46 guns; and 350 men, 10 of whom were slain; and also when retaken, a few days subsequently, by the Leander 50, Capt. John Talbot. While on the books of the Theseus Mr. Jewers was severely wounded in the head and hands in a fire-ship in Lord Cochrane’ attack upon the French shipping in Aix Roads im April, 1809. He continued to serve with Capt. Beresford on the stations above named in the Theseus and Poictiers 74’s, until Feb. 1814, and was present in the latter ship at the capture of four American vessels, carrying in all 55 guns, and at the retaking of the British brig-of-war Frolic. The Lieutenant, who has since been on half-pay, is now one of the Naval Knights of Windsor.
The wound he received in 1809 was compensated by a grant from the Patriotic Society.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Johnson, Edward

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​JOHNSON. (Commander, 1814. f-p., 19; h-p., 34.)
Edward Johnson was born, 12 Oct. 1777, at Lame, co. Antrim.
This officer entered the Navy, 1 Jan. 1794, as A.B., on board the Boyne 98, Capt. Geo. Grey, bearing the flag of Sir John Jervis in the West Indies. During the operations connected with the ensuing reduction of Martinique he was successively employed in erecting batteries on shore previously to the bombardment of Fort Bourbon – in a gunboat under Lieut. T. Sparks at the bombardment of Fort Royal – and in personal command of a boat at the gallant cutting-out of the 28-gun frigate Bienvenue, the storming of Fort Royal, the debarkation of the troops at St. Pierre, and at the bringing out thence of the Avengeur sloop. On being transferred to the latter vessel, and placed under the command of Capt. Edw. Griffith, we find him affording assistance, as Midshipman, to the capture of Guadeloupe and Ste. Lucie. He came home with Capt. Griffith in the course of the same year in the Undaunted frigate, and was next, until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, 4 April, 1801, employed on the North Sea, Mediterranean, and Baltic stations, in the Asia 64, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Thos. Pringle, Edgar 74, Capts. John M‘Dougall and Edw. Buller, and San Josef 110, and St. George 98, flag-ships of Lord Nelson, under whom he served as a volunteer on board the Elephant 74, in the action off Copenhagen. He then joined the Dart 20, Capts. John Ferris Devonshire and Wm. Bolton, with whom, it appears, he further served on the Home station until Sept. 1802. In Aug. 1805, after he had been for two years attached to the Sea Fencible service in Ireland, Lieut. Johnson obtained an appointment to the London 98, Capts. Sir Robt. Barlow, Robt. Rolles, Sir Harry Burrard Neale, and Edw. Oliver Osborn, under the third-named of whom he assisted, in company with the Amazon 38, at the capture, 13 March, 1806, of the French 80-gun ship Marengo bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Linois, and 40-gun frigate Belle Poule, after a long running fight, in which the London sustained a loss of 10 men killed and 22 wounded. On 11 of the following June he assumed command of the Magpie 8, in which vessel he continued until driven on shore, 19 Feb. 1807, during a violent gale, on the coast of France, where himself and the whole of his crew were made prisoners-of-war. Being honourably acquitted on his return from captivity, in 1814, of all blame in the disaster, he was in consequence promoted to the rank of Commander by commission dated 27 Aug. in that year; but he has not been since able to procure employment.
He married, in Aug. 1803, Sarah, second daughter of Hugh Mountford, Esq., of Belfast, co. Antrim, by whom, who died in 1823, he had issue two sons and four daughters, now living. Agents – Messrs. Ommanney.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jesse, Richard

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​JESSE. (Lieutenant, 1841.)
Richard Jesse entered the Navy 12 Dec. 1826; passed his examination 7 Oct. 1835; and obtained his commission 23 Nov. 1841. His appointments have since been – 18 May, 1843, to the Caledonia 120, flag-ship of Sir David Milne at Devonport – and, 13 Dec. 1845, to the Gladiator steamer, Capt. John Robb, now employed with the Channel squadron.
He married, in 1842, Emily, second daughter of the late Rev. G. C. Tenyton, D.C.L., Rector of Somersby,, co. Lincoln. Agents – Messrs. Chard.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Johnson, Charles Richardson

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​JOHNSON. (Lieutenant, 1840.)
Charles Richardson Johnson entered the Navy 27 Oct. 1826; passed his examination in 1834; obtained his commission 19 Feb. 1840; and on 6 of the following March joined the Princess Charlotte 104, bearing the flag of Hon. Sir Robt. Stopford, to whom he officiated as Flag-Lieutenant for a few months at the commencement of 1841. During the operations on the coast of Syria he commanded the boats in the attack upon Gebail, served a good deal on shore, assisted at the bombardment of St. Jean d’Acre, and, subsequently to the fall of that city, was contused by the explosion of a magazine. His appointments have since been – 11 May, 28 Aug., and 12 Nov. 1841, to the Ganges 84, Powerful 84, and Rodney 92, Capts. Harrington Reynolds, Geo. Mansel, and Robt. Maunsell, all in the Mediterranean – 17 Oct. 1842, to the Cambridge 78, Capt. Edw. Barnard, with whom he returned to England – 23 Feb. 1843, to the Coast Guard – 3 Sept. 1844, as First-Lieutenant, to the Éclair steam-sloop, Capt. Walter Grimston Bucknall Estcourt, fitting for the coast of Africa – 25 Jan. 1845, to the Ardent, another steamer, on the same station – 21 Nov. 1845, to the Trafalgar 120, Capt. John Neale Nott, attached to the Channel squadron – and, 29 June, 1846, to the command of the Comet steamer, of 80-horse power, in which he is now employed on particular service.
He married, at Malta, 17 Oct. 1842, Julia, daughter of Major-General Bredin, of the Royal Artillery, by whom he has issue.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jervois, Sampson

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​JERVOIS. (Commander, 1827. f-p., 18; h-p., 28.)
Sampson Jervois entered the Navy, 25 Nov. 1801, as Midshipman, on board the Princess Charlotte 38, Capt. Hon. Fras. Farington Gardner, bearing the flag of Lord Gardner at Cork. He subsequently cruized with the same Captain on the North Sea station in the Galykheid and Ruby 64’s, and, on re-accompanying him in 1804 into the Princess Charlotte 38, sailed for the West Indies, where he assisted at the capture of several valuable Spanish merchantmen and of a French privateer brig, Le Regulus, of 14 guns and 84 men. Joining next, in Sept. 1805, the Ramillies 74, Capt. Fras. Pickmore, Mr. Jervois witnessed the capture, 13 March, 1808, of the French 80-gun ship Marengo, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Linois, and 40-gun frigate Belle Poule, as, in Dec. 1807, he did of the Danish islands of St. Thomas, St. John, and Sta. Croix. After a brief servitude in the Belleisle 74, flagship of Hon. Sir Alex. Cochrane, he was nominated, 16 May, 1803, Acting-Lieutenant of the Demarara sloop, Capt. Henry Bourchier, and in the course of the same year of the Asp 18, Capts. Robt. Preston and Wm. M‘Culloch, to which vessel he was confirmed by commission dated 24 Dec. 1809. While in her he witnessed the capture, 10 Feb. 1809, of the French frigate La Junon, and had the command of her boats during the operations against Guadeloupe in Jan. and Feb. 1810. He returned home in June of the latter year, and was subsequently appointed – 11 May, 1812, to the Talbot 20, Capt. Spelman Swaine, in the Channel – 15 Nov. 1813, to the Martial sloop, Capt. Geo. Elliot – 3 Jan. 1816, and 12 Feb. 1817, as First, to the Perseus 22, Capt. Thos. Rich. Toker, and Sir Francis Drake 38, flag-ship of Vice-Admiral Fras. Pickmore, both at Newfoundland – 18 Nov. 1818, in a similar capacity, to the Dauntless 26, Capt. Hon. Valentine Gardner, fitting for the East Indies – 29 Dec. 1823, three months after his return home, to the Brisk 10, Capt. Adolphus FitzClarence – and, 3 March, 1824, to the Redwing 18, commanded by the same Captain in the North Sea, where he served until paid off in 1825. He attained his present rank 26 April, 1827, but has not been since employed.
Commander Jervois married, in Oct. 1828, Elizabeth, daughter of John M‘Clary, Esq., and by that lady has issue.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jeston, Humphrey

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​JESTON. (Lieutenant, 1825.)
Humphrey Jeston entered the Navy 9 June, 1808; passed his examination in 1814; was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 10 Jan. 1825; and since 28 Sept. 1841 has been in charge of a station in the Coast Guard.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Jewell, William Nunn

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​JEWELL. (Lieut., 1812. f-p., 14; h-p., 37.)
William Nunn Jewell entered the Navy, in Dec. 1796, on board the Grampus, Capt. Robt. Philpot, on the Jamaica station, where he served with the same officer, and with Capts. Parker and John Thicknesse, in the Pelican sloop, until July, 1800. He re-embarked, in May, 1804, as Midshipman, on board the Bruizer gun-brig, Lieut.-Commander Thos. Smithers, lying in the Downs; and on next joining the Bellerophon 74, Capts. John Loring, John Cooke, and Edw. Rotheram, sailed for the Mediterranean, and was wounded, under Capt. Cooke, at the battle of Trafalgar 21 Oct. 1805. On his removal, in Oct. 1807, to the Bedford 74, Capts. Jas. Walker and Adam Mackenzie, Mr. Jewell accompanied the Royal Family of Portugal to the Brazils. In the course of 1809, 10, and 11, being still on the South American station, he was there successively appointed Acting-Sub-Lieutenant of the Nancy gun-brig, Lieut-Commander Edw. Killwick, Porcupine 24, Capt. Robt. Elliot, and Nancy again, Lieut.-Commander Killwick. After a continued servitude at the Brazils as Master’s Mate of the Foudroyant 80, flag-ship of Hon. Michael De Courcy, he was at length promoted to the full rank of Lieutenant by commission dated 6 Nov. 1812. His last appointment was, 6 Nov. 1813, to the Chatham 74, in which ship he served, on the Home station and among the Western Islands, under the flag of Rear-Admiral Matthew Henry Scott, until Aug. 1815.
In consideration of the wound he received at Trafalgar, the Lieutenant was presented with a pecuniary reward by the Patriotic Society. He married, 9 April, 1840, Miss Weavers. Agent – W. H. B. Barwis.
# A History of Japanese Mathematics

A HISTORY
OF
JAPANESE MATHEMATICS
BY
DAVID EUGENE SMITH
AND
YOSHIO MIKAMI
CHICAGO THE OPEN COURT PUBLISHING COMPANY 1914
Printed by W. Drugulin, Leipzig
* Preface
* Vocabulary for Reference
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A History of Japanese Literature/List of Dictionaries

A LIST OF DICTIONARIES, GRAMMARS, AND OTHER WORKS OF REFERENCE USEFUL TO STUDENTS OF JAPANESE
A Japanese-English and English-Japanese Dictionary, by J. C. Hepburn (fourth edition, 1888).
A Dictionary of Chinese-Japanese Words, by J. H. Gubbins (1889).
A Chinese-English Dictionary, by H. A. Giles (1892).
A Native Chinese-Japanese Dictionary, such as the Gioku-hen.
One of the following native dictionaries of the Japanese language: Nippon Daijirin; Genkai; Nippon Daijisho. Of these, the first-named is the fullest and most elaborate. But even in the best dictionaries, whether by Japanese or foreigners, vast numbers of words are not to be found.
A Grammar of the Japanese Written Language, by W. G. Aston (second edition, 1877).
A Grammar of the Japanese Spoken Language, by W. G. Aston (fourth edition, 1888).
Or, A Handbook of Colloquial Japanese, by B. H. Chamberlain (third edition, 1898).
A Romanised Japanese Reader, by B. H. Chamberlain (1886).
A Manual of Japanese Writing, by the same author, is in preparation.
Japanese Chronological Tables, by E. M. S. (Sir Ernest Satow), (1874), or a similar work by W. Bramsen (1880), will be found necessary.
# A Series of Plays in which it is attempted to delineate The Stronger Passions of the Mind, Volume Two/Ethwald - Part Second

ETHWALD:
A TRAGEDY,
IN FIVE ACTS.
PART SECOND.
PERSONS OF THE DRAMA.
MEN:
Ethwald. Ethelbert. Selred. Edward. Alwy. Hereulf. Hexulf. Ongar.
Thanes, Soldiers, &c. &c.
WOMEN:
Elburga. Dwina.
Ladies, Attendants, &c. &c.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Kennedy, John James

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​KENNEDY. (Lieut., 1841. f-p., 14; h-p., 0.)
John James Kennedy, born in April, 1821, at Waterford, is son of the Venerable Jas. Kennedy, Archdeacon of that place.
This officer entered the Royal Naval College in June, 1833, and embarked, in June, 1835, as a Volunteer, on board the Magicienne 24, Capt. Geo. Wm. St. John Mildmay, employed off the coasts of Spain and Portugal. Becoming Midshipman, in Nov. 1837, of the Favorite 18, Capt. Walter Croker, he proceeded in that vessel to the East Indies, where, in Oct. 1839, he joined the Wellesley 72, Capt.Thos. Maitland. Uniting afterwards in the operations against) China, Mr, Kennedy served, as Mate, either ​in the boats or on shore, at the first capture of Chusan; the attack upon the enemy’s forts at Chuenpee and the Bogue, as also upon their camp, fort, and ship Cambridge, bearing the Chinese Admiral’s flag, below Whampoa Reach, where 98 guns were in the whole destroyed; the towing of H.M.S. Sulphur from under the fire of a masked battery; the storming of the heights above Canton in May, 1841; and the reduction of Amoy, the recapture of Chusan, the storming of Chinghae (where he commanded the barge), and the occupation of Ningpo. He attained his present rank 8 Oct. 1841; returned to England at the conclusion of the war in the Blenheim 72, Capt. Sir Thos. Herbert; and, from 12 June, 1843, until paid off in the summer of 1847, was employed at the Cape of Good Hope as Second and First Lieutenant of the Conway 26, Capt. Wm. Kelly.
Lieut, Kennedy holds testimonials of the highest description from Sir Gordon Bremer, Sir Thos. Maitlamd, and Sir Thos. Herbert, the former of whom had his broad pendant on board the Wellesley; and he has been awarded a first-class certificate for his proficiency in naval gunnery.