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# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Gustavus Richard

​Brown, Gustavus Richard (1747–1804)
A son of Dr. Gustavus Brown, by his second marriage, he was born, according to his own statement, at his father's seat near Port Tobacco, Maryland, October 17, 1747, and educated at Edinburgh University where he took his M. D. in 1768, his thesis being "De Ortu Animalium Caloris." Among his fellow students was Dr. Benjamin Rush, who said that he was second to no student in the university at that period.
After "walking" the London hospitals for several months, he returned to Maryland, stopping on the way for some time at the Madeira Islands, and bringing thence a large collection of rare plants and flowers. He settled to practice at Port Tobacco. During the Revolution he was a firm and active patriot. He was a county judge in 1776 and 1777. In the spring of the former year, in company with his nephew, Dr. James Wallace, he established a hospital for the inoculation of smallpox near the Potomac river, on the Virginia side. He was a member of the State Convention, which was called to ratify the constitution of the national government in 1788.
Like his father, Dr. Brown was a man of fine personal appearance, being over six feet and well proportioned. His manners were pleasant and affable, and he was a well-read physician and fine classical scholar. He was particularly fond of botany and cultivated with great care and success an extensive garden of rare flowers and plants, not for their beauty alone, but for their medicinal qualities. It was the most extensive and artistic collection in the state, occupying a sloping lawn of some ten acres, with three terraces and interlaced with serpentine walks, bordered with box-wood, savin, juniper and other rare evergreens. His collection had been gathered from all parts of the world and his home took its name from his rare and extensive collection of roses. He provided means of irrigation for the summer, and a large hot-house for propagating plants and for the care of the more delicate during the winter. Dr. Hosack (q.v.) is said to have been a frequent visitor to Brown during the former's residence in Alexandria, Virginia, about 1791, and to have thus gained the idea for the public botanical garden which he afterwards founded in New York City.
Brown was a favorite preceptor with medical students from the adjoining parts of Maryland and Virginia. From the close of the Revolution to his death his office is said to have been filled with them.
In his practice he is said to have used but few remedies, those being of the most efficient character.
Both his sons became physicians. An interesting letter from Dr. Brown to Dr. Craik is published in "Lossing's History," Rec. 11, 506, quoted in "Hayden," in which the former acknowledges that they were wrong in bleeding Washington so much.
Dr. Brown died at his house "Rose Hill," September 30, 1804, aged fifty-six. He was in active practice up to his last short illness.
On May 15, 1769, Dr. Brown married Miss Margaret Graham, of Prince William County, Virginia, and had four children, two daughters and two sons.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Buckminster

​Brown, Buckminster (1819–1891)
Buckminster Brown, orthopedist, was the son of Dr. John Ball Brown (q.v.) and grandson of Dr. John Warren (q.v.). He was born in Boston, July 13, 1819. His father had introduced subcutaneous tenotomy in New England and managed a private orthopedic infirmary where patients came for treatment from all over the country. Buckminster was to follow in his father's footsteps, so when he had received his M. D. from the Harvard Medical School in 1844 he went abroad to study the new specialty of orthopedics in London under J. Little; in Paris under Guerin and Bouvier, and in Germany under Stromeyer. On his return to Boston in 1846 he established himself in general practice, in the course of a few years gravitating to the exclusive practice of orthopedics. He was associated with his father in the infirmary and was surgeon to the House of the Good Samaritan for nineteen years. Although handicapped by poor health, having had Pott's disease when a boy, and in consequence leading a shut-in life, he carried on, in spite of his deformity, an arduous and exacting practice for fifty years. Patience characterized his work, his favorite quotation being "Genius is the talent for taking pains." Of a refined and sensitive nature he shrank from publicity, devoting himself to his patients and his books. Dr. C. C. Foster, his assistant for ten years, said of him; "His mechanical ability was very great and his surgical dexterity equally remarkable. His operating and his whole handling of a case were characterized by a certain delicacy and finish that I have seen in no other man's work." Also, "His sense of touch was also very keen and he learned much through the ends of his fingers. To watch him as he manipulated a contracted tendon or a carious spine was an object lesson."
He published, with his father, in 1850, "Reports of Cases Treated at the Boston Orthopedic Institution." In 1853 appeared "A Case of Extensive Disease of the Cervical Vertebræ," and in 1859 he made an address, "Ectopia Cordis," before the Suffolk District Medical Society. In 1847 appeared "The Treatment and Cure of Cretins and Idiots" and an essay on the "Pathology and Physiological Effects of Ethereal Inhalation." His best work was in club-foot, where his persistency with the clumsy methods of the day enabled him to obtain success which less painstaking surgeons did not gain.
Dr. Brown married, in May, 1864, Sarah Alma Newcomb, daughter of Joseph Warren Newcomb, and great-granddaughter of Gen. Joseph Warren.
He died at Auburndale, Massachusetts, December 26, 1891, leaving in his will his collection of specimens to the Warren Museum at the Harvard Medical School, and a large sum of money to found the first professorship of orthopedic surgery in Harvard University. He was an active member of the American Orthopedic Association and the Boston Society for Medical Improvement.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, David Tilden

Note that the place and date of birth are incorrect in this source. He was born August 11, 1923, in Greenfield, Massachusetts, as stated in Massachusetts birth records and Greenfield city records.
​Brown, David Tilden (1822–1889)
David Tilden Brown, alienist and explorer, was bom in Boston, Massachusetts, in August, 1822, and in 1828 moved with his parents to New York City. He went to school in Poughkeepsie and at the Washington Institute. He studied medicine under Willard Parker (q.v.) and received an M. D. from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1844. When twenty-two he was senior medical officer of the City Asylum on Blackwell's Island. For one year hr was medical assistant at the Vermont Asylum and one year was at the Utica State Asylum, resigning to practise with his former preceptor, Willard Parker. His health failing, he gave up practise and became interested in the enterprise of opening a route across Central America for emigrants to California in 1849, his knowledge of the Spanish language proving helpful. "He explored several routes which have since become well-known and ultimately negotiated the first treaty which secured the right of transit across the Isthmus of Nicaragua. His efforts brought fortunes to others but not himself." (Henry M. Hurd).
From 1852 to 1877 he was in charge of Bloomingdale Asylum, succeeding Charles Henry Nichols (q.v.), who had followed him ​at Utica. Brown prepared the plan adopted for the Sheppard Asylum (now Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital) at Baltimore, visiting Europe at the request of the trustees of the institution.
After resigning from Bloomingdale, he went abroad to benefit his health and never again resumed hospital work. He died at his home in Batavia, Ill., September 4, 1889.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Frederic Tilden

​Brown, Frederic Tilden (1853–1910)
F. Tilden Brown was a general surgeon and voluminous writer on surgical topics, who early became active in the genito-urinary field where through his skill as well as the invention of delicate instruments, he became one of the conspicuous landmarks in his specialty.
He was born in New York October 7, 1853, the son of David Tilden Brown (q.v) and Cornelia Wells Clapp. He graduated at Harvard University in 1877 and received his M. D. at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1880. In that year he was house surgeon at Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York. He was professor of genito-urinary diseases at the University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and attending surgeon to Bellevue Hospital and consulting surgeon to the Presbyterian, Nassau and Mineola Hospitals.
Brown's lamp-bearing cystoscope secured a closer approximation of lamp and lens and hence better visual properties than any earlier instrument (see Annals of Surgery, 1902, vol. xxxv, 642–643).
Numerous papers are listed in the General Index to the Annals of Surgery from 1885– 1889. He wrote: "The Metro-urethrotome" (N. Y. 1897); "A Case of Cystitis. Pyelonephritis due to Colon-bacillus Infection" (N. Y. 1895).
Dr. William Nye Swift wrote of Dr. Brown: "He was a member of the Natural History and Fine Arts Societies, captain of the Rifle Club and rowed in several victorious ​club crews. . . . He was a tremendous worker and overwork had undoubtedly much to do with breaking down his health. . . . Perhaps the price he paid for his work was not too high—he accomplished so much." (Report vii of the Harvard Class of 1877.)
Dr. Brown married Mary Crosby Renwick. Their two children were Frederic Rhinelander Brown and Margaret Renwick Strieker.
He died suddenly at Bethel, Maine, May 7, 1910.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/pochen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/pochen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ pochen, vb., ‘to knock, beat,’ from MidHG. puchen, bochen; comp. MidLG. boken, Du. pogchen, ‘to boast,’ E. to poke. The ModHG. vb. is not borrowed from the LG.; comp. Alem. bochen. It is derived from a Teut. root puk, buk.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/prallen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/prallen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ prallen, vb., ‘to strike, rebound,’ from MidHG. pręllen (pret. pralte), ‘to strike violently against, recoil.’ Further references are wanting.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/prangen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/prangen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ prangen, vb., ‘to make a parade, display,’ from MidHG. prangen, brangen, ‘to adorn oneself, boast’ (comp. Pracht); origin obscure. Its relation to the following word is uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/plötzlich

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/plötzlich | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ plötzlich, adv., ‘suddenly,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. plozlich (also earlier ModHG. plotz merely); allied to *plotz, ‘sudden blow.’ In UpG. the adv. is quite unknown.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/pomadig

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/pomadig | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ pomadig, adj., ‘slowly,’ ModHG. only, borrowed from the equiv. Pol. pomalu.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/prahlen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/prahlen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ prahlen, vb., ‘to parade, vaunt, boast,’ from MidHG. prâlen, ‘to make a noisy parade, shout’; comp. the equiv. Du. brallen and pralen, as well as E. to brawl. Its connection with Fr. brailer, ‘to bawl,’ and W. bragal, ‘to brag, bawl,’ is uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/predigen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/predigen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ predigen, vb., ‘to preach,’ from the equiv. MidHG. prędigen, brędigen, OHG. prędigôn, brędigôn (brêdiôn); corresponding to OSax. prędigôn, Du. prediken. Borrowed in the OHG. period from the ecclesiastical Lat. and Rom. prœdicâre (Fr. prêcher, whence E. preach, Ital. predicare), from which OIr. pridchim, ‘I preach,’ is also derived. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/poltern

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/poltern | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ poltern, vb., ‘to make a row, rattle,’ from late MidHG. buldern (a variant of bollern?); allied to the equiv. Ic. baldrast; probably an imitation of sound akin to Russ. boltatĭ, ‘to vibrate,’ Lith. bildeti, ‘to rattle.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/prasseln

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/prasseln | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ prasseln, vb., ‘to crackle, rustle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. prasteln, brasteln, OHG. *brastalôn; comp. the equiv. AS. brastlian. These words are connected, like MidHG. brasten, OHG. brastôn, ‘to crack,’ with the OHG. str. vb. brëstan, MidHG. brësten, ‘to break.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/prassen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/prassen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ prassen, vb., ‘to riot, carouse,’ ModHG. only, from Du. brassen, ‘to gormandise’ (akin to bras, ‘feast’). OIc. brass, ‘cook,’ and brasa, ‘glowing coal’ (comp. OFr. brese, Prov. brasa), may be connected with it.
# Amis v. Pearle/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
40 U.S. 211
Amis v. Pearle
MOTION on behalf of the defendant in error, to docket and dismiss the suit, under the forty-third rule of the court.
STORY, Justice, delivered the opinion of the court.
In this case, a motion has been made on behalf of the defendant in error, to docket and dismiss this suit, under the 43d rule of the court. That rule allows the suit to be docketed and dismissed, upon the production of a certificate from the clerk of the court below, certifying that the writ of error had been duly sued out and allowed. In the present case, no such certificate is produced. But the original writ of error (signed by the clerk of the court below) and also a citation signed by the judge of the court, is produced by the defendant in error, and is now before us. Under these circumstances, we are of opinion, that the substance of the rule is complied with. The certificate of the clerk is but prim a facie evidence of the issuing and allowance of the writ of error; whereas, the production of the writ of error, with the citation, is the highest evidence of the fact, that the writ of error has been duly sued out and allowed. Under these circumstances, the court are of opinion that the motion ought to be granted. In point of fact, this same question came before this court, in the case of Ward and others v. Commonwealth Bank of Kentucky, at January term 1838, under circumstances less cogent; and the same decision was then made. In that case, certified copies of the writ and citation, were filed, and not the originals; and the court ordered the case to be docketed and dismissed.
Motion granted.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Amis v. Myers

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
57 U.S. 492
Amis v. Myers
THIS was an appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Louisiana.
Junius Amis filed his bill under the following circumstances:
The respondent, David Myers, having obtained a judgment against William D. Amis, issued execution thereon and caused to be seized seven slaves. The complainant, Junius Amis, thereupon filed his bill, claiming these slaves as his property, and praying an injunction to arrest the sale of them. He made David Myers and W. F. Wagner, the marshal, parties defendant to the bill. The injunction was afterwards granted.
David Myers appeared and filed his answer. He admitted the issuance of the execution as alleged, and he admitted the marshal's seizure of the property as alleged, and the advertisement for sale under the process; but he denied the complainant's title, and denied all interest in him, legal or equitable, concerning the said slaves. And the defendant further charged that these slaves were purchased by William D. Amis, of Nathaniel Hill, in New Orleans, for the sum of five thousand dollars; that they were delivered to him and taken by him to the plantation on which he resided, in the parish of Madison, where they remained until the levy aforesaid.
The Circuit Court, upon the final hearing upon bill, answer, depositions, and proofs, dissolved the injunction, and dismissed the bill with costs. The complainant appealed to this court, and, having died, his executor and executrix were made parties.
It was argued by Mr. Goold and Mr. Lawrence, for the appellants, and by Mr. Baxter, for the appellee.
There being no point of law involved in the case, the reporter does not deem it expedient to insert the arguments upon the question of ownership, as shown by the evidence.
Mr. Justice CAMPBELL delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Amis v. Pearle

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
40 U.S. 211
Amis v. Pearle

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Amis v. Myers/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
57 U.S. 492
Amis v. Myers
The plaintiff filed his bill in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Louisiana, to restrain the sale of certain slaves taken in execution of a judgment of that court, in favor of the defendant against William D. Amis.
The case of the plaintiff is, that the slaves are his lawful property, and are not subject to the execution of the defendant. The defendant denies this allegation and insists that the property in the slaves is vested in his debtor.
The evidence shows that the slaves were purchased in New Orleans, by the defendant in the exeuction. He provided the purchase-money by procuring the acceptance and discount of a draft at thirty days date, by a mercantile firm, upon the promise of sending funds for its payment at its maturity. He was disabled from doing this by the occurrence of facts that are detailed in the evidence, and the plaintiff, for his relief, caused the draft to be paid by his own factor, and agreed to take the slaves as his property.
The bill of sale, given to the defendant in exeuction, did not contain the name of the vendee, but a blank space was left for the insertion of the name. When this arrangement took place, the plaintiff's name was inserted and the paper given to him. The slaves have been at his plantation, and although William D. Amis resides there, no act of mastership is shown, and he denies having any interest in the slaves.
We think this testimony establishes the case of the plaintiff.
It is proper to notice that this case is not one of equitable cognizance. The plaintiff had a clear and adequate remedy at law, under the Code of Practice of Louisiana. C. P. 298, § 7.
It is not usual for this court to take an exception of this nature on its own motion and where no objection has been made by the defendant; but this case is one so clearly beyond the limits of the equitable jurisdiction of the Circuit Court, that the fact is noticed that it may not serve as a precedent.
The decree of the Circuit Court is reversed, and the cause remanded, with directions to enter a decree to perpetuate the injunction.
This cause came on to be heard on the transcript of the record from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Louisiana, and was argued by counsel. On consideration whereof it is now here ordered, adjudged, and decreed by this court that the decree of the said Circuit Court in this cause be, and the same is hereby reversed, with costs, and that this cause be, and the same is hereby remanded to the said Circuit Court, with directions to perpetuate the injunction granted in this cause.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Mut

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Mut. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Mut, masculine. ‘courage, mood,’ from Middle High German and Old High German muot, masculine, ‘sense, mind, spirits, courage,’ Old Saxon môd, ‘spirits, inner self, heart, courage,’ Dutch moed, masculine, ‘courage,’ Anglo-Saxon môd, neuter, ‘mind, spirits, heart, courage, zeal,’ English mood, Gothic môds, masculine, ‘auger.’ ‘Strong emotion, violent excitement,’ is the primary idea of the common Teutonic stem môda-, the origin of which cannot be traced with certainty in the non-Teutonic languages. The usual derivation from the root mā̆, Greek μαίομαι, ‘to desire,’ is possible. Compare the Slavonic root mě in sŭměją (sŭměti), ‘to venture.’ — Modern High German gemut in wohlgemut, from Middle High German wol gemuot, ‘courageous,’ and the simple gemuot, ‘minded, disposed.’ — Modern High German Gemüt, ‘spirits, disposition,’ from Middle High German gemüete, Old High German gimuoti, neuter, properly a collective of Mut, ‘totality of thoughts and feelings,’ Middle High German also ‘mood, longing,’ Old High German ‘joy.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Mutter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Mutter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Mutter, feminine, ‘mother,’ from Middle High German muoter, Old High German muotar, feminine; compare Old Saxon môdar, Dutch moeder, Anglo-Saxon môddôr, môdor; English mother (with th when followed by er, as in father, weather); Old Icelandic môðer. The common Teutonic word for ‘mother,’ wanting only in Gothic, in which aiþei (compare Eidam) was the current term, just as atta was used for ‘father’ instead of fadar. Teutonic môdar, ‘mother,’ from pre-Teutonic mâtêr, is, like many other terms denoting degrees of relationship, common also to the Aryan languages; compare Indian mâtṛ, Greek μήτηρ, μάτηρ, Latin mâter, Old Slovenian mati, Old Irish máthir (Lithuanian môtė, ‘married woman’). It is allied to Muhme and its cognates, as well as to Greek μαῖα, ‘good mother’ (as a kindly address). Whether these words are based on an Aryan root mâ, meaning ‘to mete out’ (Mutter, ‘apportioner, distributor’?), or in its Old Indian sense, ‘to form’ (of the embryo in the womb), is uncertain. —