OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Belmont, August

Edition of 1900.
​BELMONT, August, financier, b. in Alzey, Hesse-Darmstadt, in 1816; d. in New York city, 24 Nov., 1889. He was educated in Frankfort, and for several years was in the employ of the Rothschilds in their banking-house in that city, and also in Naples. In 1837 he settled in New York and became the agent of his former employers. A quarrel concerning a lady led to a duel, in which he was shot and lamed for life. From 1844 till 1850 he was consul-general at New York for the Austrian government, but, owing to his disapproval of the treatment received by Hungary from Austria, he resigned his office. In 1853 he was appointed United States chargé d'affaires at the Hague, and in 1854 became minister resident. He resigned in 1858, having first negotiated a highly important consular convention, for which, with other diplomatic services, he received the special thanks of the department at Washington. For many years he resided in New York, where he was engaged in banking. He was well known as a patron of arts, and his collection of paintings was one of the finest in the city. Mr. Belmont showed much interest in politics: he was a delegate to the democratic convention of 1860, and from that year until 1873 was the chairman of the national democratic committee. For twenty years he was president of the American jockey club, and a most prominent member of the union and other clubs of New York. He married a daughter of Com. Matthew C. Perry, and was instrumental in erecting a bronze statue of him at Newport, R. I. — His son, Perry, b. in New York city, 28 Dec., 1851, was graduated at Harvard in 1872, and at Columbia college law school in 1876. After being admitted to the bar, he practised in New York until 1881, when he was elected as a democrat to congress, serving from 5 Dec., 1881, till 4 March, 1887. During his first term in congress he was a member of the committee on foreign affairs, and in that capacity came into notice by his cross-examination of James G. Blaine, then late secretary of state, concerning his relations with a syndicate of American capitalists interested in the development of certain guano deposits in Peru. An attempt was made to show that Mr. Blaine's efforts toward mediation between Chili and Peru were from interested motives. Mr. Belmont was appointed chairman of the committee on foreign affairs in 1885.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Berard, Claudius

Edition of 1900.
​BERARD, Claudius, educator, b. in Bordeaux, France, 21 March, 1786; d. at West Point, N. Y., 6 May, 1848. He was educated in his native land, and became an eminent Greek and Latin scholar. He was conscripted into the army of Napoleon, but had no taste for a military life, and his father purchased a substitute. From earliest youth his mind was given to books, and the martial ardor that animated most young Frenchmen in the days of Napoleon failed to affect him. Learning that his substitute had been killed in the Spanish campaign of 1805, he determined to remove to the United States. He arrived in New York in the spring of 1807, and soon afterward became professor of ancient languages in Dickinson college, at Carlisle, Pa., where he remained until his appointment, in 1815, as professor of French in the U. S. military academy at West Point. He held this chair until his death, a period of over thirty-three years. He was conversant with the language and literature of most of the countries of Europe, and possessed, at one time, a copy of the Bible in nearly every language into which it had been translated. He published “Leçons Français,” long in use at the military academy (1824), and “A Grammar of the French Language” (1826). — His daughter, Augusta Blanche, b. in West Point, N. Y., 29 Oct., 1824, has devoted her life mostly to teaching and study, principally at West Point, where, for many years, she has been in charge of the post-office. Miss Berard has published a “School History of the United States” (1854); a “School History of England” (1861); a “Manual of Spanish Art and Literature” (1868); and has edited and revised “Goodrich's Child's History of the United States” (1878).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Berendt, Karl Hermann

Edition of 1900. Supplement.
​BERENDT, Karl Hermann, scientist, b. in Dantzic, 12 Nov., 1817; d. in Guatemala city, Central America, 12 May, 1878. He studied at various German universities, receiving his degree of M. D. at Königsberg in 1842. In 1843 he began practice at Breslau and also acted as privat-docent in surgery and obstetrics at the university. In 1848 he was a member of the Vor-Parlament at Frankfurt. His political sympathies forced him to remove to America in 1851. He proceeded from New York to Nicaragua, and spent two years in the study of the ethnography, geography, and natural history of that section. Two years later he moved to Orizaba, Mexico, and thence to Vera Cruz, where he remained from 1855 to 1862. He then gave up medicine and devoted himself to natural science, linguistics, and ethnology, paying special attention to the Mayan tribes. He spent a year in Tabasco, and thence came in 1863 to the United States. Here he devoted the greater part of the following year in copying manuscripts in the Carter Brown library. At the request of the Smithsonian institution he visited Yucatan; the results of this visit are published in its report for 1867. In 1869 he explored the ruins of ancient Centla, in the plains of Tabasco. He visited the United States several times between this date and 1876, his last visit. In 1874 he settled at Coban, Vera Paz, partly to study the Maya dialects of the region and partly to raise tobacco. At the request of the Berlin museum he spent a winter in securing and forwarding the sculptured slabs of Santa Lucia de Cozumaljualpa, Guatemala; but an attack of fever terminated his work. He contributed many articles in English, German, and Spanish to such works as Petermann's “Mittheilungen” and the “Deutsch-Amerikanisches Conversations-Lexicon.” Among his published works are “Analytical Alphabet for the Mexican and Central American Languages” (New York, 1869); “Los escritos de D. Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta” (Merida, 1870); “Los trabajos linguisticos de Don Pio Perez” (Mexico, 1871); “Cartilla en lengua Maya” (Merida, 1871); “El ramie” (1871); “On a Grammar and Dictionary of the Carib or Karif Language,” in the Smithsonian report for 1873; “Die Indianer des Isthmus von Tehuantepec” in “Zeitschrift für Ethnologie” for 1873; “The Darien Language,” in the “American Historical Record” for 1874. Much of his work is unpublished; some manuscripts are in the library of the bureau of ethnology at Washington and others in a private collection.
# Auffm'ordt v. Rasin

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
102 U.S. 620
Auffm'ordt v. Rasin
APPEAL from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Charles M. Da Costa for the appellants.
Mr. H. E. Davies, Jr., contra.
MR. JUSTICE MILLER delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Auffmordt v. Hedden

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
137 U.S. 310
Auffmordt v. Hedden
H. E. Tremain, M. W. Tyler, and A. P. Ketchum, for plaintiffs in error.
Asst. Atty. Gen. Parker, for defendant in error.
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Auguries of Innocence

* "Auguries of Innocence" in The Pickering Manuscript (c. 1801–3).
* "Auguries of Innocence" in Life of William Blake, 1st ed. (1863).
* "Auguries of Innocence" in Life of William Blake, 2nd ed. (1880).
# August (Smith)

In silence now the purpling summer passes, The swallows fly; The failing river scantly glasses, Where amber twilights wane, Our dreaming kiss above the flow'rs that die...
Will love at last remain? Ever I pray to find (Though all the heav'ns be blind!) The gold of love and summer in thy hair; And breathe between thy shadowy breasts again, In eves of autumn wind, All flowers that failed upon a windless air.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1961, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 62 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ascent of Mount Carmel/Book 1/Chapter XIV

CHAPTER XIV
Wherein is expounded the second line of the stanza.
Kindled in love with yearnings.
Now that we have expounded the first line of this stanza, which treats of the night of sense, explaining what this night of sense is, and why it is called night; and now that we have likewise described the order and manner which are to be followed for a soul to enter therein actively, the next thing to be treated in due sequence is its properties and effects, which are wonderful, and are described in the next lines of the stanza aforementioned, upon which I will briefly touch for the sake of expounding the said lines, as I promised in the Prologue; and I will then pass on at once to the second book, treating of the other part of this night, which is the spiritual.
2. The soul, then, says that, ‘kindled in love with yearnings,’ it passed through this dark night of sense and came out thence to the union of the Beloved. For, in order to conquer all the desires and to deny itself the pleasures which it has in everything, and for which its love and affection are wont to enkindle the will that it may enjoy them, it would need to experience another and a greater enkindling by an other and a better love, which is that of its Spouse; to the end that, having its pleasure set upon Him and deriving from Him its strength, it should have courage and constancy to deny itself all other things with ease. And, in order to conquer the strength of the desires of sense, it would need, not only to have love for its Spouse, but also to be enkindled by love and to have yearnings. For it comes to pass, and so it is, that with such yearnings of desire the sensual nature is moved and attracted toward sensual things, so that, if the spiritual part be not enkindled with other and greater yearnings for that which is spiritual, it will be unable to throw off the yoke of nature or to enter this night of sense, neither will it have courage to remain in darkness as to all things, depriving itself of desire for them all.
3. And the nature and all the varieties of these yearnings of love which souls experience in the early stages of this road to union; and the diligent means and contrivances which they employ in order to leave their house, which is self-will, during the night of the mortification of their senses; and how easy, and even sweet and delectable, these yearnings for the Spouse make all the trials and perils of this night to appear to them, this is not the place to describe, neither is such description possible; for it is better to know and meditate upon these things than to write of them. And so we shall pass on to expound the remaining lines in the next chapter.

## Footnotes

* ↑ This confirms our point (Bk. I, chap. ii, 6, above) that the Saint considers the Argument as part of the Prologue.
* ↑ Lit., ‘to conquer the natural yoke.’]
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ragozin, Zénaïde Alexeïevna

Edition of 1900.
​RAGOZIN, Zénaïde Alexeïevna, author, b. in Russia about 1835. She had no regular education, but studied by herself, and travelled extensively in Europe, especially in Italy. In 1874 she came to the United States, where she has been naturalized. She has written numerous articles for Russian and American magazines, and is a member of the American oriental society, of the Société ethnologique, and the Athénée oriental, of Paris, and the Victoria institute, London. Her most important writings are the volumes “The Story of Chaldea” (New York, 1886); “The Story of Assyria” (1887); and “The Story of Media, Babylon, and Persia” (1888) all in the “Story of the Nations” series. They form the first three volumes of a work on the ancient history of the East, more especially in its political and religious aspects, which will be complete in seven or eight volumes, and on which she is now (1898) engaged.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ranney, Rufus Percival

Edition of 1900.
​RANNEY, Rufus Percival, jurist, b. in Blandford, Mass., 13 Oct., 1813; d. 6 Dec., 1891. When fourteen his father removed to a farm in Freedom, Portage co., Ohio, where Rufus was brought up with small educational advantages, yet by manual work and teaching he obtained the means to fit himself for college. He studied for a short time at Western Reserve college, which he left to study law in Jefferson, Ohio. He was admitted to the bar in 1838, and was taken into partnership by Benjamin F. Wade. In 1845 he opened and office in Warren, Trumbull co. He was the Democratic candidate for congress in 1846 and 1848, and in 1850 was a member of the State constitutional convention, and took an active part in the discussions. He was chosen by the legislature, about the same time, a judge of the supreme court, and in 1851 was elected by the people, under the new constitution, to the same office, which he held till 1857. In that year he was appointed United
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Rall, Johan Gottlieb

Edition of 1900.
​RALL, or RAHL, Johan Gottlieb, Hessian soldier, b. in Hesse-Cassel, about 1720; d. in Trenton, N. J., 26 Dec., 1776. He served during the seven-years' war in Europe, and with his regiment formed part of the contingent that was hired from the elector of Hesse-Cassel by George III. for service in this country. He participated in the battle of White Plains, and in the capture of Fort Washington, in which he rendered valuable service, and after the evacuation of New Jersey by the patriot army commanded an advanced post at Trenton, where he was surprised and killed in Washington's attack on that town.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ralph, James

Edition of 1900.
​RALPH, James, author, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., about 1695; d. in Chiswick, England, 25 Jan., 1762. He was clerk to a conveyancer in Philadelphia, and about 1718 became the intimate associate of Benjamin Franklin, who describes him as his “inseparable companion, genteel in his manners, ingenious, extremely eloquent, and I never knew a prettier talker.” He accompanied Franklin to London in 1724, deserting his wife and child for his friend, and, being without money, lived at Franklin's expense. He afterward attempted to become an actor, and subsequently to edit and write for newspapers, but with little success. He then settled as a school-master in Berkshire, secured the notice of Lord Melcombe, and obtained much notoriety as an adherent of the Prince of Wales's faction, employing his talents as pamphleteer, poet, and political journalist in the interest of that party. Toward the close of Sir Robert Walpole's administration he was bought off from the opposition, and at the accession of George III. received a pension, but lived to enjoy it hardly more than six months. Franklin says he “did his best to dissuade Ralph from attempting to become a poet, but he was not cured of scribbling verses till Pope attacked him in the lines in the 'Dunciad,' beginning
| ' | Silence, ye wolves, while Ralph to Cynthia howls, And makes night hideous; answer him, ye owls.'” |
He published “The Muses' Address to the King,” an ode (London, 1728); “The Tempest” (1728); “The Touchstone,” a volume of essays (1728); “Clarinda,” a poem (1729); “Zeuma,” a poem (1729); “A Taste of the Town, a Guide to all Publick Diversions Answered” (1730); “The Fashionable Lady,” a comedy (1730); “The Fall of the Earl of Essex” (1731); “A Critical View of the Publick Buildings of London” (1734); “The Groans of Germany,” a political pamphlet, of which 15,000 copies were sold at once (1734); “The Use and Abuse of Parliament” (2 vols., 1744); the “History of England during the Reigns of King William, Queen Anne, and George I.,” which Charles James Fox eulogized, and is a work of great merit as regards information (1744); “The Cause of Authors by Profession” (1758); “The History of Prince Titi” (Frederick, Prince of Wales), in manuscript, never published, by some ascribed to him; and many dramatic works, lampoons, and essays.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ralston, Samuel

Edition of 1900.
​RALSTON, Samuel, clergyman, b. in County Donegal, Ireland, in 1756; d. in Carroll, Pa., 25 Sept., 1851. He was educated at the University of Glasgow, came to this country in 1796, and took charge of the Presbyterian congregations of Mingo Creek and Williamsport, Pa., from 1796 until his death. Washington college, Pa., gave him the degree of D. D. in 1822. His writings are controversial for the most part, and include “The Curry-Comb” (Philadelphia, 1805); “Baptism, a Review of Alexander Campbell's and Dr. Walker's Debate” (1830); “A Brief Examination of the Prophecies of Daniel and John” (1842); “The Seven Last Plagues” (1842); and “Defence of Evangelical Psalmody” (1844).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ralston, Thomas Neely

Edition of 1900.
​ RALSTON, Thomas Neely, clergyman, b. in Kentucky in 1806; d. in Newport, Ky., 25 Nov., 1891. He was educated at Georgetown college, joined the state conference of the Methodist church in 1827, and was its secretary for twelve years. He was a member of the convention that met in Louisville, Ky., in 1845, to organize the Methodist Episcopal church, south, and secretary of that body in 1850, subsequently becoming chairman of the committee to revise the discipline of the church. He was president of the Methodist female collegiate high-school in Lexington, Ky., in 1843-'7, and in 1851 edited the “Methodist Monthly.” Wesleyan university, Florence, Ky., gave him the degree of D. D. in 1857. His publications include “Elements of Divinity” (Louisville, Ky., 1847); “Evidences, Morals, and Institutions of Christianity” (Nashville, Tenn., 1870); “Ecce Unitas, or a Plea for Christian Unity” (Cincinnati, 1870); and “Bible Truths” (Nashville, 1887).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ralston, William C.

Edition of 1900.
​RALSTON, William C., banker, b. in Wellsville, Ohio, 12 Jan., 1826; d. in San Francisco, Cal., 27 Aug., 1875. His father was a carpenter and builder, and for several years he assisted in his father's workshop, but in 1849 he went to the Pacific coast. He became president of the Bank of California, and also took a deep interest in the building of railroads and the establishment of woollen-mills, sugar-refineries, silk-factories, and steamship-lines to Australia and China. He also invested largely in the construction of the Palace and Grand hotels, which enterprises ultimately ruined him. In August, 1875, James G. Flood made a sudden demand on the Bank of California for nearly $6,000,000, and, although the institution had assets to cover all its indebtedness, it was not able to meet this unexpected call. Its doors were closed, and the immediate resignation of the president was asked. The latter surrendered all his available personal property to meet the deficiencies of the bank, but, stung by the affront that had been put upon him, he drowned himself.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ralston, Robert

Edition of 1900.
​RALSTON, Robert, merchant, b. in Little Brandywine, Pa., in 1761; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 11 Aug., 1836. He became a merchant at an early age, and amassed a large fortune in the East Indian trade, which he spent liberally in benevolent enterprises. He contributed largely to the establishment of the Widows' and orphans' asylum, and the Mariner's church in Philadelphia, founded the Philadelphia Bible society, which was the first of the kind on this continent, and in 1819 became first president of the board of education of the Presbyterian church.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Ramée, Stanislas Henri de la

Edition of 1900. This is a fictitious person. The title of one of the alleged literary works has been partially copied from a legitimate literary work released in 1844, and there is also a spelling error in the title of one of the alleged literary works. There is also a mention of an Asiatic cholera outbreak in Peru in 1783, but Asiatic cholera did not appear in South America until 1835, i.e. 32 years after the subject's date of death: this anachronism also appears in the fictitious entry of Nicolas Henrion and the suspicious entry of Charles Stanislas Mondésir, who were also supposedly French.
​RAMÉE, Stanislas Henri de la (rah-may), French naturalist, b. in Périgueux in 1747; d. in Fontainebleau in 1803. He studied medicine and botany in Toulouse, and at the age of twenty had formed a valuable herbarium of the flora of Languedoc, when he went to Paris to study under Buffon, whom he assisted for several years in the Royal botanical garden. In 1783 he was sent to Peru to study the effects of cholera, which then was raging in Callao, and he visited afterward the Andes of Peru, Central America, the Isthmus of Panama, Cuba, and several of the West Indies, returning with valuable collections in natural history. His works include “Nova Systema Naturæ” (2 vols., Paris, 1792); “Monographie des drogues et médicaments simples de l'Amérique du Sud” (1794); and “Prodome des plantes recueillies en Amérique et dans les Indes Occidentales” (1798).
# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book VI/Hymn 24

24. To the waters: for blessings.
[Çaṁtāti (?).—abdevatyam. ānuṣṭubham.]
Found also in Pāipp. xix. Reckoned in Kāuç. (9. 2) to the bṛhachānti gaṇa, and (note to 7. 14) to the apāṁ suktāni; used in a rite for good-fortune (41. 14) with vi. 19 etc.: see under 19; and also (30. 13) in a healing ceremony for heart-burn, dropsy, etc.
Translated: Florenz, 279 or 31; Grill, 13, 161; Griffith, i. 258; Bloomfield, 12, 471.
1. They flow forth from the snowy (mountain); in the Indus somewhere [is their] gathering; may the heavenly waters give to me that remedy for heart-burn.
Ppp. reads, for a, b, himavataḥ prasravatas tās sindhum upagachataḥ. In d, the true reading is of course hṛddyo-, and SPP. so reads, though doubtless against his mss., as certainly against all ours; it is a very rare thing to find the full form written in such a case (and hence the pada-text blunder hṛ-dyota in i. 22. 1).
2. Whatever hath burnt (ā-dyut) in my eyes, and what in my heels, my front feet; may the waters remove all that—they of physicians the most excellent physicians.
The collocation of suffering parts in a, b is very odd; Ppp. seems to read for a, yad akṣibhyām ād-, and, for b, pārṣṇibhyāṁ hṛdayena ca; for d, tvaṣṭā riṣṭam ivā ’nasaḥ. One or two of our mss. (P.H.) agree with some of SPP's in reading karat at end of c; and two of his have níḥ before it. The pada-division subhiṣak॰tama is taught in Prāt. iv. 46.
3. Ye whose spouse is the Indus, whose king is the Indus, all ye streams that are—give us the remedy for this; for that would we enjoy you.
Ppp. exchanges the place of the two epithets in a. The comm. reads stana at end of b. Before sthána most of our mss. retain the final ḥ, as usual; SPP. does not note anything as to his authorities.