OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hymers, John

​HYMERS, JOHN (1803–1887), mathematician, was born 20 July 1803 at Ormesby in Cleveland, Yorkshire. His father was a farmer, and his mother was daughter of John Parrington, rector of Skelton in Cleveland. After attending schools at Witton-le-Wear, Durham, and at Sedbergh in the West Riding,- Hymers gained a sizarship at St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1822, and proceeding B.A. in 1826 as second wrangler, he was elected fellow in 1827. He was for some years very successful with private pupils, but became assistant tutor of his college in 1829, tutor in 1832, senior fellow in 1838, president in 1848. He was moderator in the mathematical tripos 1833-4, and Lady Margaret preacher in 1841; proceeded B.D. in 1836, and D.D. in 1841, and was elected fellow of the Royal Society 31 May 1838. Hymers was a conscientious tutor, and exerted a very beneficial influence on his college.
In 1852 Hymers was presented by his college to the rectory of Brandesburton in Holderness, East Yorkshire, and spent there the last thirty-five years of his life. Appointed J.P. for the East Riding in 1857, his decisions as a magistrate were noted for their precision, He enjoyed good health until his death on 7 April 1887. He was unmarried.
By his will of 24 Aug. 1885 Hymers bequeathed all his property to the mayor and corporation of Hull as a foundation for a grammar school 'to train intelligence in whatever rank it may be found amongst the population of the town and port.' An obscurity in the wording of the will rendered the bequest invalid, but the heir-at-law spontaneously offered the corporation a sum of 40,000l. to fulfil Hymers's purpose.
Hymers was not a mere mathematician. He travelled largely on the continent, and was well read in classical authors. Through his efforts a portrait of Wordsworth, with whom he was distantly connected, was painted by H. W. Pickersgill, R.A., for the college. Hymers afterwards presented to its library some of the poet's manuscripts, including the well-known sonnet addressed to this picture.
Hymers's books, with one exception, were mathematical, and exhibited much acquaintance with the progress of mathematics on the continent. The most important are: 1. 'Treatise on the Analytical Geometry of Three Dimensions, and of Curves of Double Curvature,' 1830. 2. 'Integral Calculus' which in the second edition (1835) introduced the subject of 'Elliptic Functions' to English students. 3. 'Treatise on Conic Sections and the Theory of Plane Curves, introducing the new Method of Abridged Notation,' 1837. This work at once became a standard text-book. 4. 'Theory of Equations,' 1837; third edition, 1858. 5. 'Differential Equations and the Calculus of Finite Differences,' Cambridge, 1839. 6. 'Treatise on Plane and Spherical Trigonometry,' 1847. Hymers issued a revised edition of W. Maddy's 'Treatise on Astronomy;' reprinted Fisher's funeral sermon on the Countess of Richmond and Derby, with notes to illustrate 'her munificent patronage of religion and learning,' and he published catalogues of the Margaret professors and preachers at Cambridge and Oxford.
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hynd, John

​HYND, JOHN (fl. 1606), romancer, was probably grandson of Sir John Hynde, the judge [q. v.] (cf. pedigree in Addit. MS. 14049, f. 50). He was educated at Cambridge, graduating B.A. 1595-6, and M.A. 1599. His chief work was 'Eliosto Libidinoso: Described in two Bookes: Wherein their eminent dangers are declared, who guiding the course of their life by the Compasse of Affection, either dash their ship against most dangerous shelves, or else attaine the Haven with extreame Prejudice,' London, 4to, 1606. This title is largely borrowed from the subsidiary title of Robert Greene's 'Gwydonius the Card of Fancie,' published in 1584. The tract is a prose story or novel in Greene's manner. It contains six short pieces of verse, one, 'Eliostoes Roundelay,' taken from Greene's 'Never too Late,' where it is called 'Francescoes Roundelay;' another by Nicholas Breton [q.v.], and four by Hynd himself. The book is dedicated to Philip Herbert, earl of Montgomery, and is prefaced by some lines in its praise, signed Alexander Burlacy,esq. The prose, according to Collier, is 'an exaggeration of Greene's worst style and most obvious faults;' the verse is less contemptible. Collier, in his 'Catalogue of the Bridgewater Collection,' p. 183, describes another romance which he supposes to be by Hynd, entitled ' The most excellent Historie of Lysimachus and Varrona, Daughter to Syllanus, Duke of Hypata in Thessalia, &c.,' black letter, 4to, 1604; this also contains several short poems. Hynd wrote a moral tract, entitled; The 'Mirrour of Worldly Fame. Composed by J. H.,' London, 12mo, 1603, pp. ​60. It is dedicated 'to the right worshipful my singular good uncle, Mr. William Hynd,' and has been reprinted in the 'Harleian Miscellany,' viii. 33. There is in Harl. MS. 375, art. 51, at the British Museum, a letter in Latin from John Hind, 'ex sedibus Lambethanis,' dated 4 Id. Mart. 1644-5.
[Corser's Collectanea Anglo-Poetica; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 446; Bibliotheca Anglo-Poetica, p. 441; J.P. Collier's Catalogue, &c., of the Library at Bridgewater House, p. 1813; W. C. Hazlitt's Handbook, p.276; Bibliotheca Heberiana, viii. No. 1230; J. P. Collier's Poetical Decameron, ii. 120; Brydges's Censura Literaria, vi. 265-8.]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hüttner, Johann Christian

​HÜTTNER, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (1765?–1847), miscellaneous writer, was born about 1765 at Guben in Lusatia, Germany. He graduated at Leipzig in 1791, and came to England as tutor to a son of Sir George Staunton. He went with his pupil to China in Lord Macartney's embassy, and was occasionally employed to write official letters in Latin. He sent accounts of his experiences to friends in Germany, who promised not to publish them. A copy of them was, however, sold to a Leipzig bookseller, and his friends in Germany thought it best to bring out an authentic text, which appeared at Berlin in 1797, under the title of Nachricht von der brittischen Gesandtschaftsreisedurch China und einen Theil der Tartarei.' The work, which anticipated the official account, excited considerable attention. Two French; translations of it were published in 1799 and 1804.
Dr. Burney, 'who was much interested by some curious information he had collected on the subject of Chinese music,' obtained for Hüttner in 1807, through his influence with Canning, the appointment of translator to the foreign office. As such he translated from Spanish into German the appeal to the nations of Europe on Napoleon's invasion of the Peninsula. He kept up close relations with Germany, and for a long period acted as literary agent to the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar. Hüttner was twice married, but left no issue. His death, which was due to a street accident, took place on 24 May 1847, at Fludyer Street, Westminster. His other works were, 'De Mythis Platonis,' Leipzig, 1788; 'Hindu Gesetzbuch oder Menu's Verordnungen' (an edited translation of Sir William Jones's ​English translation from the Sanskrit), Weimar, 1797; 'Englische Miscellen herausgegeben (Bd. 5-25) von J. C. Hüttner,' Tübingen, 1800, &c.; an edition, with German notes, of James Townley's farce of 'High Life below Stairs,' Tübingen, 1802, and some minor contributions to German encyclopædias and periodicals.
F. W-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Iago ab Dewi

​IAGO ab Dewi, or James Davies (1648–1722), Welsh bard and translator, was born at Llandyssul, Cardiganshire, but lived for a few years at Pencader, and for the latter part of his life at Blaengwili, Llanllawddog, Carmarthenshire. He joined the nonconformist movement, and became a member of the independent church at Pencader, during the ministry there of Stephen Hughes, who had been ejected from the living of Meidrym in 1662. He died 24 Sept. 1722 in his seventy-fourth year, and was buried at Llanllawddog (Register of Panteg Independent Church}.
Iago was a diligent collector of Welsh manuscripts, both prose and poetry. A small (12mo) volume, in a remarkably neat hand, containing a collection of Welsh poetry copied by him, is preserved in theTonn (Llandovery) Library, now deposited at the Free Library, Cardiff, and selections from it were published in 'Y Cymmrodor,' vols. viii. ix. and x. Reference is made in Iolo MSS. (pp.94, 193, 222) to another collection of his, including a grammar by David ab Gwilym, and the romance of 'Rhitta Gawr.' He also wrote a good deal of original poetry, some of which is printed in 'Blodau Dyfed' (Llandovery, 1824), in 'Yr Awenydd' (Carnarvon), and in 'Y Cymmrodor' (loc. cit.) Much, however, remains in manuscript, e.g. Addit. MS. 15010, at the British Museum. But his fame rests chiefly on the excellence of his numerous translations in Welsh prose of religious works by English authors. His style is always clear and simple, and is rarely marred by a foreign idiom. His orthography is that of the school anterior to the innovations of Dr. Owen Pughe. It has been stated (Y Brython, iv. 155; Foulkes, Enwogion Cymru, p. 538) that he was the translator of 'The Pilgrim's Progress,' but for this there is no foundation.
His published translations are the following: 1. 'Llythyr Edward Wells, D.D., at Gyfaill ynghylch y Pechod mawr o gymmeryd Enw Duw yn ofer,' Shrewsbury, 8vo, 1714. 2. 'Cyfeillach beunyddiol a Duw,' &c., Shrewsbury, 8vo, 1714. 3. 'Llythyr at y cyfryw o'r Byd,' &c., Shrewsbury, 1716. 4. 'Pregeth a bregethwyd yng Nghapel Ty Ely, yn Holburn,' &c., Shrewsbury, 8vo, 1716. 5. 'Meddyliau Neillduol am Grefydd,' London, 12mo, 1717 ; 2nd edit., London, 1725-6; 3rd edit., Dolgelly, 1804: a translation of the 'Private Thoughts' of William Beveridge [q. v.], bishop of St. Asaph; it contains an introduction written by Moses Williams, author of 'Repertorium Poeticum,' dedicating the translation to Harry Lloyd of Llanllawddog, serjeant-at-law. 6. 'Catecism o'r Scrythur,' Shrewsbury, 1717; a translation of Matthew Henry's 'Catechism' which ran through several editions. 7. 'Tyred a Groesaw at lesu Grist,' Shrewsbury, 1719; a translation of Bunyan's 'Come and Welcome to Jesus Christ.' 8. 'Yr Ymarfer o Lonyddwch,' Carmarthen, 1730; 2nd ed., Bodedern, Anglesea, 1760; a translation of 'The Practice of Quietness,' by Dr. George Webb.
D. Ll. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hylton, Lord

​HYLTON, Lord. [See Jolliffe, William George Hylton, 1800–1876.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hyndford, Earls of

​HYNDFORD, Earls of. [See Carmichael, John, first Earl, 1638–1710; Carmichael, John, third Earl, 1701–1767, diplomatist.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hyslop, James

​HYSLOP, JAMES (1798–1827), poet, was born at Damhead, parish of Kirkconnel, Dumfriesshire, on 23 July 1798. He was early put out to farm-work, but managed to teach himself English, Latin, French, mathematics, and algebra. From 1812 to 1816 he was engaged as a shepherd on Nether Wellwood farm, in the parish of Muirkirk, and his contributions to the 'Greenock Advertiser' and other newspapers were frequently signed 'The Muirkirk Shepherd.' Between 1816 and 1818 he was employed at Corsebank, whence he wrote a poetical epistle to his early Kirkconnel teacher, signed 'James Hislop.' He afterwards invariably adopted the spelling Hyslop. In 1818 he went to Greenock, where he opened a day-school, and wrote for the 'Edinburgh Magazine.' He was at first fairly successful, but his prospects were blasted by his having to pay a considerable sum for which he had become security to oblige a friend. Leaving Greenock in 1821, he obtained a post as tutor on board his majesty's ship Doris, which was about to proceed to South America. The voyage lasted for three years, and an account of it was given by Hyslop in a series of eleven papers contributed to the 'Edinburgh Magazine,' May-November 1825. He was next engaged as a reporter in London (1826), where he was intimate with Allan Cunningham, Edward Irving, and others; but the work proved too heavy for him, and he again took to teaching, first as superintendent of a charity school, and afterwards as tutor on board his majesty's ship Tweed. The vessel sailed for the Cape of Good Hope in October 1827, and on 4 Nov. Hyslop died of fever off the Cape Verd Islands, in the Atlantic. His body was consigned to the sea with military honours.
Hyslop's claim to recognition rests almost solely on his poem, 'The Cameronian Dream,' From his earliest years, while shepherd at Nether Welhvood, near the scene of the battle where Richard Cameron [q.v.] was killed, Hyslop had been familiar with the story of the Scottish martyrs, whose experiences and surroundings he here describes in stirring language. Among his eighty-two poems, collected in 1887 by Mr. Mearns, 'The Scottish Sacramental Sabbath,' 'The Scottish National ​Melody,' and 'The Child's Dream' have also attained considerable popularity in Scotland. Most of Hyslop's poetry published during his lifetime appeared in the 'Edinburgh Magazine' from 1819 onwards. He wrote a good deal in prose, chiefly upon the persecution of the covenanters. Two essays in the 'Edinburgh Magazine,' 1820, 'A Defence of Modern Scottish Poetry,' and 'An Account of an Apparition in Airsmoss,' are worthy of note.
J. C. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/I'Anson, Edward

​I'ANSON, EDWARD (1812–1888), architect, born in St. Laurence Pountney Hill, London, 25 July 1812, was eldest son of Edward I'Anson (1775-1853), surveyor and architect in London. I'Anson was educated partly at the Merchant Taylors' School, and partly at the College of Henri IV in France, and was articled at an early age to his father. Subsequently he entered the office of John Wallen, principal quantity surveyor at that time in the city. At the close of his indentures I'Anson travelled for two years, extending his tour as far as Constantinople. On his return in 1837 he entered into practice, both as assistant to his father and as an independent architect. His first important building in the City was the Royal Exchange Buildings, designed for Sir Francis Graham Moon. This brought him into repute, and obtained for him the chief practice as architect in the city. I'Anson designed the greater part of the fine buildings in the city built exclusively for offices. Those executed by him in the Italian style, like the buildings of the British and Foreign Bible Society, were the most successful. Among his designs in the Gothic style may be noted the school of the Merchant Taylors' Company at the Charterhouse. I'Anson was surveyor to this company for many years, and also to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, for which he designed the new museum and library. Among his private commissions may be noted Fetcham Park, Leatherhead, and among ecclesiastical works the restorations of the Dutch Church in Austin Friars and of St. Mary Abchurch. I'Anson was elected a fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1840, and was chosen president in 1886. He contributed numerous papers to the 'Transactions' of the institute. ​He was also a fellow of the Geological Society, and in 1886 became president of the Surveyors' Institution. He was a frequent traveller on the continent, and in 1867 visited Russia. In many of his numerous duties as surveyor, and in some of his architectural works, notably the new Corn Exchange in Mark Lane, he was assisted by his eldest son, Edward Blakeway I'Anson. I'Anson died unexpectedly 30 Jan. 1888, and was buried at Headley in Hampshire. A portrait of him will be found in the 'Builder,' xxix. 1006.
[Builder, 4 Feb. 1888; British Architect, 3 Feb. 1888; Athenæum, 11 Feb. 1888; Robinson's Reg. of Merchant Taylors' School, ii. 214.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hynde, John

​HYNDE, Sir JOHN (d. 1550), judge, was of a family settled at Madingley in Cambridgeshire, and was educated at Cambridge. He was called to the bar at Gray's Inn, and was reader there in 1517, 1527, and 1531. In 1520 he was elected recorder of Cambridge. His name appears frequently in the commission of the peace and commissions to collect subsidies for Cambridgeshire in the middle of the reign of Henry VIII. In 1526 and 1530 he was in the commission of gaol delivery for the town of Cambridge, and in 1529 in the commission to hear chancery causes, and was recommended by the lord chief justice in 1530 as among the best counsel of the day. In 1532 he was in the commission of the peace for Huntingdonshire, and in 1534 in the commission of sewers for the same county. In 1531 he was appointed serjeant-at-law, and on 2 Jan. 1535 was promoted to be king's serjeant. In 1536 he prosecuted the rebels in the west, and during the northern rebellion was one of those appointed to reside in Cambridgeshire, and to be responsible for order there. In December 1540 he received a commission from the privy council to inquire into charges of sedition alleged against Thomas Goodrich [q. v.], bishop of Ely (see Acts Privy Council, vii. 98). An act of parliament, 34–35 Hen. VIII, c. 24, was passed to confirm to him and his heirs the manor of Burlewas or Shyre in Cambridgeshire and lands at Madingley, subject to an annual charge for the payment of the knights of the shire, and in addition to this property it appears, from grants in the augmentation office, that he received portions of the church lands at Girton and Moor Barns, Madingley, Cambridgeshire. On 4 Nov. 1545 he was knighted, was next day appointed a judge of the common pleas, and became a member of the council of the north in 1545. He died in October 1550, and was buried at St. Dunstan's, Fleet Street, London, on 18 Oct.
[Foss's Lives of the Judges; Burnet's Reformation, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 312; Machyn's Diary, ii. 314; Brewer's and Gairdner's Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII; Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. vol. i.; Dugdale's Origines; Rymer, xiv. 299, 565; 9th Rep. Dep.-Keeper of Records, App. ii. 228; Nicholas's Proceedings of Privy Council.]
J. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Grey, Charles Edward

​GREY, Sir CHARLES EDWARD (1785–1865), Indian judge and colonial governor, born in 1785, was a younger son of R. W. Grey of Backworth, Northumberland, sometime high sheriff. He was educated at University College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. 1806, and in 1808, after obtaining the English prize essay, was elected fellow of Oriel College. In 1811 he was called to the bar, and in 1817 appointed a commissioner in bankruptcy. In 1820 he became judge in the supreme court of Madras, being knighted on his appointment. He continued at Madras till his transfer in 1825 to the supreme court of Bengal as chief justice. His connection with colonial administration began in 1835, when he was sent to Canada as one of the three commissioners despatched to investigate the causes of discontent, his colleagues being Lord Gosford and Sir George Gipps. He left Canada (November 1836) before the rest of the commission, and on his return to England received the grand cross of Hanover. In 1837 he contested Tynemouth, and though unsuccessful at the election gained the seat next year (1838), when his opponent, Sir G. F. Young, was unseated on petition. From 1838 till the dissolution in 1841 he was a steady supporter of the whig administration. In 1841 he was appointed governor of Barbadoes, St. Vincent, Tobago, Trinidad, and St. Lucia, remaining in this office till 1846. From 1847 to 1853 he was governor of Jamaica, where he enjoyed a wide popularity. During the time of the discussion on the sugar duties, his despatches homeward were in favour of the maintenance of a protective or rather differential tariff (Jacob Omnium, A Third Letter to Lord Grey, with Despatches of Sir C. Grey). He was inclined to promote the immigration of labour from Africa to Jamaica (Report of the Standing Committee of the Chamber of Commerce of Jamaica, 1847, p. 22). He retired to England, and died at Tunbridge Wells, 1 June 1865.
He married, 1821, the daughter of Sir S. C. Jervoise, who died in 1850, during his governorship of Jamaica.
E. C. K. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Grey, Elizabeth

1904 Errata appended.
​GREY, ELIZABETH, Countess of Kent (1581–1651), authoress, was second daughter of Gilbert Talbot, seventh earl of Shrewsbury, by his wife Mary, daughter of Sir William Cavendish (1505?–1557) [q. v.] and the famous 'Bess of Hardwick' [see Talbot, Elizabeth, Countess of Shrewsbury]. She married before September 1602 (Doyle, Official Baronage, ii. 285) Henry Grey, lord Ruthin, who succeeded his father as seventh Earl of Kent on 26 Sept. 1623, and died without issue on 21 Nov. 1639. John Selden [q. v.] was intimate with the Earl of Kent, and was probably his legal adviser; after the earl's death Selden is said to have married Elizabeth Grey, but not to have owned the marriage 'till after her death, upon some lawe account.' They lived together, and 'he never kept any servant peculiar, but my ladie's were all of his command' (Aubrey's MSS., quoted in Wood, Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iii. 378). Lady Kent is described as eminent for her virtues and piety; she died on 7 Dec. 1651 at the Friary House in Whitefriars, which, together with most of her property, she bequeathed to Selden, whom she also appointed her executor. Whether she is the Lady Kent mentioned in Selden's 'Table Talk' (ed. Arber, p. 41) as the intimate friend of Sir Edward Herbert does not appear. Samuel Butler, the poet, was for some years in her service (Wood, Athenæ Oxon. iii. 875). Lady Kent was the authoress or compiler of `A Choice Manuall. or Rare and Select Secrets in Physick and Chyrurgery. Collected and practised by the … Countesse of Kent, late deceased.' The second edition (the earliest in the British Museum), edited by W. Jar, appeared at London in 1653, 12mo; another ​and different edition, but also called the second, appeared in the same year. There is a second part entitled 'A True Gentlewoman's Delight, wherein is contained all manner of Cookery;' the parts have separate title-pages, but the pagination is continuous. The editor says he had added some prescriptions of Sir Walter Raleigh, which he had from his friend Captain Samuel King. The work went through numerous editions: 1656, with a portrait in an oval of foliage by John Chantry; twelfth, 1659; fourteenth, 1663, with an epistle to the reader by W.L.; sixteenth, 1670; eighteenth, 1682; nineteenth, 1687. The portrait of the Countess of Kent, which is prefixed, differs somewhat in the various editions.
C. L. K.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.142 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 181 | ii | 25 | Grey, Elizabeth, Countess of Kent: for step-sister read wife |