OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Maingay, Henry

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​MAINGAY. (Commander, 1821. f-p., 19; h-p., 28.)
Henry Maingay was born 26 Oct. 1785, in Guernsey, and died 22 Aug. 1846, at Stoke, Devonport. He was first son of the late John Maingy, Esq., of the island of Guernsey, and cousin of the present Commander Peter Maingay, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy, in the summer of 1799, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Caesar 80, Capt. Jahleel Brenton, bearing the flag of Sir Jas. Saumarez, under whom he fought in the actions of 6 and 12 July, 1801, off Algeciras and in the Gut of Gibraltar. The Caesar being paid off in Aug. 1802, he next, between the following Oct. and Feb. 1806, served as Midshipman, in the Mediterranean and Channel, on board the Révolutionnaire and Décade frigates, Capts. Walter Locke and Wm. Geo. Rutherford, Speedwell, Lieut.-Commander Wm. Robertson, and Charwell, Capt. Dnmaresq. He was confirmed a Lieutenant (after having acted for some months as such in the Cerberus, Tourterelle, and Squirrel, Capts. Selby, Marshall, and Shortland, on the West India and Halifax stations) 17 Sept. 1806; and was subsequently appointed – in the course of 1807, to the Mermaid 32, Capts. Aiskew Paffard Hollis, and, as First-Lieutenant, to the Primrose and Racehorse sloops, Capts. Jas. Mein and Wm. Fisher – 28 March, 1808, to the Victory 100, flag-ship of Sir Jas. Saumarez in the Baltic – 15 Jan. and 9 June, 1813, again as Senior, to the Fylla 20 and Eridanus 36, Capts. Henry Prescott and Wm. Paterson, with whom he served in the Channel until paid off in Oct. 1815 – 8 March, 1816, in a similar capacity, to the Spencer 76, which ship, commanded at Plymouth by Capt. Wm. Robert Broughton, was put out of commission 31 Aug. 1818 – and, 5 July, 1821, still as First-Lieutenant, to the Royal George yacht, Capt. Hon. Sir Chas. Paget. On 14 of the ensuing Dec. Mr. Maingay, after having accompanied Geo. IV,. on his visits to Ireland and Hanover, was promoted to the rank of Commander. He did not again go afloat.
He married, 26 Oct. 1818, Harriet, fourth daughter of the Rev. W. Smith, formerly Rector of Meavy, Devon.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Maitland, Anthony

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​MAITLAND, K.C.M.G., C.B. (Rear-Admiral of the White, 1841. f-p., 19; h-p., 33.)
The Honourable Sir Anthony Maitland, born 10 June, 1785, is second son of James, eighth Earl of Lauderdale, K.T., by Eleanor, only daughter of Anthony Todd, Esq.; brother (with Colonel Hon. John Maitland, who died in 1839) of the present Earl; nephew of Lieut.-General Hon. Sir Thos. Maitland, G.C.B., Governor of Malta and the Ionian Islands, who died in 1824; and cousin of the present Capt. Sir Thos. Maitland, R.N., Kt., C.B., and of Commanders James, Lewis, and William Heriot, Maitland, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy, 2 Oct. 1795, as Admiral’s Servant, on board the Victory 100, Capt. Hon. Geo. Grey, on the books of which ship, bearing the flag in the Mediterranean of the late Earl St. Vincent, his name was borne until June, 1796. In Oct. 1798 he became Midshipman, under the same nobleman, in the Ville de Paris 110; and he next, from Jan. 1801 until Dec. 1803, served with Capt. Sir John Gore in the Triton and Medusa frigates. In the latter vessel, which bore the flag at the time of Lord Nelson, we find him particularly distinguishing himself and severely wounded in an attack made in Aug. 1801 on the Boulogne flotilla. On leaving the Medusa he rejoined his Lordship, as a Supernumerary, on board the Victory, then again in the Mediterranean, where, in Aug. 1804, he was nominated Acting-Lieutenant of the Childers sloop, Capt. Sir Wm. Bolton. He was confirmed a Lieutenant 2 Feb. 1805, and after officiating for some months in that capacity in the Blenheim 74, flag-ship in the East Indies of Sir Thos. Troubridge, was made Commander, 6 May, 1806, into the Arrogant guard-ship at Bombay. He attained Post-rank 25 Sept. in the same year; and was next appointed – 1 Aug. 1811, to the Pique 36, in which ship he was for four years and a half employed on the Downs, Lisbon, Brazilian, and West India stations, capturing, during that period, the Hawk American privateer, of 5 guns and 68 men – and 19 Feb. 1816, to the Glasgow 50, part of the force engaged under Lord Exmouth at the bombardment of Algiers. On 21 Aug. 1817, Capt. Maitland, who had paid the Glasgow off in the preceding Nov., recommissioned that ship. He served in her in the Mediterranean until March, 1821, and has since been on half-pay. He acquired flag-rank 23 Nov. 1841.
The Rear-Admiral, who was nominated a C.B. for his conduct at Algiers, 19 Sept. 1816, and in 1832 created a Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, sat for some time in Parliament as member for co. Berwick; of which shire he is now a Deputy-Lieutenant. In Aug. 1830 he was appointed a Naval Aide-de-Camp to King William IV.; and he continued to hold the same office under her present Majesty until the date of his promotion.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1801, p. 1006.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1816, p. 1792.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Magan, Arthur

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​MAGAN. (Lieut., 1814. f-p., 7; h-p., 33.)
Arthur Magan entered the Navy, 14 Nov. 1807, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Pearl, Lieut.-Commander Woodriff, lying at Spithead; cruized, from May 1808 to July 1809, in the North Sea and Channel, in the Warspite 74, Capt. Hon. Henry Blackwood; and, between the latter date and Sept. 1814, served with Capt. Geo. Burlton, chiefly in the capacities of Midshipman and Master’s Mate, in the Resolution and Rodney 74’s, Ville de Paris 110, and Boyne 98, on the Home and Mediterranean stations. The Resolution formed part of the force employed at the destruction of the French shipping in Basque Roads and at the siege of Flushing in 1809; and the Boyne, of the armament under Sir Edw. Pellew in his partial actions of 5 Nov. 1813 and 13 Feb. 1814 with the Toulon fleet. On leaving that ship Mr. Magan took up a commission ​dated 16 June, 1814. He has since been on half-pay.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Mainwaring, Thomas Francis Charles

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​MAINWARING. (Rear-Admiral, 1846. f-p., 17; h-p., 37.)
Thomas Francis Charles Mainwaring, born in 1780, is eldest son of the late Chas. Henry Mainwaring, Esq., by Julia, daughter of the Rev. Philip Wroughton; and grand-nephew of Edw. Mainwaring, Esq., of Whitmore Hall, co. Stafford, whose grandson is the present Capt. Rowland Mainwaring, R.N. His only brother, George, an officer in the Royal Artillery, died in 18.38.
This officer entered the Royal Naval Academy in Feb. 1793; and embarked, 5 Nov. 1796, as a Volunteer, on board the Clyde 38, Capt. Chas. Cunningham. After serving for three years on the Home station he proceeded as Midshipman of the Lancaster 64, flag-ship of Sir Roger Curtis, to the Cape of Good Hope, where, having previously acted for several months as Lieutenant, he was confirmed to that rank, 11 July, 1800, in the Adamant 50, Capt. Wm. Hotham. On his return to England about Dec. 1801, he joined the Fisguard 38, Capts. Michael Seymour and Jas. Wallis; the latter of ​whom, in Sept. 1802, he accompanied into the Naiad 38, commanded subsequently by Capt. Thos. Dundas, and employed as one of Lord Nelson’s repeaters in the battle of Trafalgar. Being awarded a second promotal commission 21 Jan. 1806, Capt. Mainwaring assumed command, 23 Dec. following, of the Tartarus fire-ship; and in Aug. 1807 was charged with the landing of the troops under Sir Arthur Wellesley in Wibeck Bay, preparatory to the investment of Copenhagen. In the early part of 1808 he removed to the Vanguard 74, the first ship of her class that ever wintered in the Baltic. After he had commanded her for a period of six months he went back to the Tartarus, in which vessel we find him, in 1810, sinking two French privateers off Pillau, and then conveying Gustavus, the ex-King of Sweden, from Riga to England, under circumstances of a particularly difficult and singular nature. He was promoted for the latter service to the rank of Captain 27 Nov. 1810; and was intrusted, during the last two years of the war, with the command of the Royal George 100, on the Mediterranean station. He accepted his present rank 1 Oct. 1846.
Rear-Admiral Mainwaring married, first, in 1811, Mary Anne, daughter of Bacon Frank, Esq., of Campsall, near Doncaster; and (having been left a widower in 1840) secondly, 14 Dec. 1841, Cecilia Charlotte, only daughter of the late Dean of Durham and the Hon. Mrs. Hall. By his first wife he has issue.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Mainwaring, Benjamin

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​MAINWARING. (Lieutenant, 1814. f-p., 17; h-p., 26.)
Benjamin Mainwaring, born 5 April, 1794, is brother of Capt. Edw. R. P. Mainwaring, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy, 21 Sept. 1804, as A.B., on board the Téméraire 98, Capt. Elias Harvey, and on 21 Oct. 1805 was present in the action off Cape Trafalgar, where that ship occupied a position next astern of the Victory, and enacted a most distinguished part. In March, 1806, he became Midshipman of the Tonnant 80, bearing the flag of the last-named officer, and afterwards of Hon. Michael de Courcy, off Cadiz; and he next, between July 1808 and May 1814, served in the St. George 98, successive flag-ship in the Baltic and Channel of Rear-Admirals E. Harvey, Fras. Pickmore, and Robt. Carthew Reynolds, Cordelia 10, commanded by Capt. Thos. Fortescue Kennedy on the Downs station, and Revenge 74, bearing the flag in the Mediterranean of Sir John Gore. During the period he continued in the latter ship he served in her boats and assisted in cutting out two privateers from under the enemy’s batteries on the coast of Catalonia. He was confirmed a Lieutenant (after having acted for a few weeks as such) in the Trident receiving-ship at Malta, Capts. Rich. Budd Vincent and Chas. Hope Reid, 19 July, 1814. He came home in the early part of 1816, and was lastly, from 26 July, 1831, until 1836, employed in the Coast Guard.
Lieut. Mainwaring married, 6 Jan. 1819, Miss Mary Milbon.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Fives

Fives.
With what great Force the little Ball Rebounds, when struck against the Wall; See how intent each Gamester stands; Mark well his Eyes, his Feet, his Hands!
Rule of Life.
Know this (which is enough to know)
Virtue is Happiness below.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Hop-Scotch

Hop-Scotch.
First make with Chalk an oblong Square, With wide Partitions here and there;
Then to the first a Tile convey;
Hop in—then kick the Tile away,
Rule of Life.
Strive with good Sense to stock your Mind, And to that Sense be Virtue join'd.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/King I Am

King I am.
Ambition here fires every Heart, And all assume the Monarch's Part,
For a few Minutes, though in Play, Each rules with arbitrary Sway.
Rule of Life.
Descend into thyself, to find The Imperfections of thy Mind.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Flying the Kite

Flying the Kite
Upheld in Air, the gaudy Kite, High as an Eagle takes her Flight;
But if the Winds their Breath restrain, She tumbles headlong down again.
Rule of Life.
Soon as thou seest the Dawn of Day,
To God thy Adoration pay.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Hop-Hat

Hop-Hat.
O'er this Hat, and that,
Boys hop to the last;
Which once in their Mouths,
Behind them is cast.
Moral.
Thus Men often struggle, Some Bliss to obtain; Which, once in their Pow'r, They treat with Disdain.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Knock out and Span

Knock out and Span.
Strike out your Man strong; For the very next one
Will bear off the Prize, If you come to a Span.
Moral.
This Span, my dear Boy, Shou'd your Monitor be;
'Tis the Length of a Life, As we oftentimes see.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Hop, Step, and Jump

Hop, Step, and Jump.
Hop short and Step safe, To make your Jump long;
This Art oft has beat Th' Efforts of the strong.
Moral.
This old Maxim take, T' embellish your Book:
Think well ere you talk, And, ere you leap, look.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/I sent a Letter to my Love

I sent a Letter to my Love.
The Lads and Lasses here are seen, All gaily tripping o'er the Green;
But one among them, to her Cost, The Treasure of her Heart has lost.
Rule of Life.
If prosperous, of Pride beware: Changes of Fortune frequent are.
# A Little Pretty Pocket-book/Hoop and Hide

Hoop and Hide.
Go hide out, and hoop, Whilst I go to sleep: If you I can't find, My Post I must keep.
Moral.
With Carefulness watch Each Moment that flies,
To keep Peace at Home, And ward off Surprize.
# A Petty sneaking Knave I knew

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
From Notebook c.1808-1811 p.29. See also: Satiric verses and epigrams.

#### Edited text:

A Petty sneaking Knave I knew—
O M$^r$ Cr[omek], how do ye do?
________________________________________

#### The original text:

A Petty sneaking Knave I knew
O M$^r$ Cr—— how do ye do
________________________________________

## Notes

* ↑ "Blake Complete Writings", ed. Geoffrey Keynes, pub. OUP 1966/85, p. 540.
* ↑ "The Complete Poetry & Prose of William Blake", ed. by David V. Erdman, Anchor Books, 1988, p. 509.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities/Chapter 1

A PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAY ON PROBABILITIES.
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION.
This philosophical essay is the development of a lecture on probabilities which I delivered in 1795 to the normal schools whither I had been called, by a decree of the national convention, as professor of mathematics with Lagrange. I have recently published upon the same subject a work entitled The Analytical Theory of Probabilities. I present here without the aid of analysis the principles and general results of this theory, applying them to the most important questions of life, which are indeed for the most part only problems of probability. Strictly speaking it may even be said that nearly all our knowledge is problematical; and in the small number of things which we are able to know with certainty, even in the mathematical sciences themselves, the principal means for ascertaining truth—induction and analogy—are based on probabilities; ​so that the entire system of human knowledge is connected with the theory set forth in this essay. Doubtless it will be seen here with interest that in considering, even in the eternal principles of reason, justice, and humanity, only the favorable chances which are constantly attached to them, there is a great advantage in following these principles and serious inconvenience in departing from them: their chances, like those favorable to lotteries, always end by prevailing in the midst of the vacillations of hazard. I hope that the reflections given in this essay may merit the attention of philosophers and direct it to a subject so worthy of engaging their minds.
# A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities/Chapter 10

CHAPTER X.
APPLICATION OF THE CALCULUS OF PROBABILITIES TO THE MORAL SCIENCES.
We have just seen the advantages of the analysis of probabilities in the investigation of the laws of natural phenomena whose causes are unknown or so complicated that their results cannot be submitted to calculus. This is the case of nearly all subjects of the moral sciences. So many unforeseen causes, either hidden or inappreciable, influence human institutions that it is impossible to judge à priori the results. The series of events which time brings about develops these results and indicates the means of remedying those that are harmful. Wise laws have often been made in this regard; but because we had neglected to conserve the motives many have been abrogated as useless, and the fact that vexatious experiences have made the need felt anew ought to have reestablished them.
It is very important to keep in each branch of the public administration an exact register of the results which the various means used have produced, and which are so many experiences made on a large scale by governments. Let us apply to the political and moral ​sciences the method founded upon observation and upon calculus, the method which has served us so well in the natural sciences. Let us not offer in the least a useless and often dangerous resistance to the inevitable effects of the progress of knowledge; but let us change only with an extreme circumspection our institutions and the usages to which we have already so long conformed. We should know well by the experience of the past the difficulties which they present; but we are ignorant of the extent of the evils which their change can produce. In this ignorance the theory of probability directs us to avoid all change; especially is it necessary to avoid the sudden changes which in the moral world as well as in the physical world never operate without a great loss of vital force.
Already the calculus of probabilities has been applied with success to several subjects of the moral sciences. I shall present here the principal results.
# A Petition (Vernède)

* "A Petition", The year's at the spring, 1920. 'Vernède, R. E.', p. 124.
* "A Petition" in A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919 (1917), edited by George Herbert Clarke
# A Petition For Universal Suffrage

* related portals: Women's suffrage.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
From the National Archives and Records Administration; Record Group 233: Records of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1789 - 2015; Series: Petitions and Memorials, 1813 - 1968; File Unit: Petitions and Memorials, Resolutions of State Legislatures, and Related Documents Which Were Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary during the 39th Congress, 1865 - 1867; ARC #306684
A PETITION
FOR
UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE.
To the Senate and House of Representatives:
The undersigned, Women of the United States, respectfully ask an amendment of the Constitution that shall prohibit the several States from disfranchising any of their citizens on the ground of sex.
In making our demand for Suffrage, we would call your attention to the fact that we represent fifteen million people—one half of the entire population of the country—intelligent, virtuous, native-born American citizens; and yet stand outside the pale of political recognition.
The Constitution classes us as "free people," and counts us whole persons in the basis of representation; and yet are we governed without our consent, compelled to pay taxes without appeal, and punished for violations of law without choice of judge or juror.
The experience of all ages, the Declarations of the Fathers, the Statute Laws of our own day, and the fearful revolution through which we have just passed, all prove the uncertain tenure of life, liberty and property so long as the ballot—the only weapon of self-protection—is not in the hand of every citizen.
Therefore, as you are now amending the Constitution, and, in harmony with advancing civilization, placing new safeguards round the individual rights of four millions of emancipated slaves, we ask that you extend the right of Suffrage to Woman—the only remaining class of disfranchised citizens—and thus fulfill your Constitutional obligation "to Guarantee to every State in the Union a Republican form of Government."
As all partial application of Republican principles must ever breed a complicated legislation as well as a discontented people, we would pray your Honorable Body, in order to simplify the machinery of government and ensure domestic tranquillity, that you legislate hereafter for persons, citizens, tax-payers, and not for class or caste.
For justice and equality your petitioners will ever pray.
* RESIDENCE.
* New York
* Rochester—N.Y.
* New York
* Newark N. Jersey
* 48 Livingston Brooklyn
* New York
* 6 West 14th NY
* 83 Clinton Place New York
* 48 Livingston St. Brooklyn
* 293 W. 19" St New York
* New York
* New York
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities

* related portals: Mathematics, Logic.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
A PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAY
ON
PROBABILITIES.
BY
PIERRE SIMON, Marquis de LAPLACE.
TRANSLATED FROM THE SIXTH FRENCH EDITION
by
FREDERICK WILSON TRUSCOTT, Ph.D. (Harv.), Professor of Germanic Languages in the West Virginia University,
and
FREDERICK LINCOLN EMORY, M.E. (Wor. Poly. Inst.), Professor of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics in the West Virginia University: Mem. Amer, Soc. Mech, Eng.
FIRST EDITION. FIRST THOUSAND.
NEW YORK: JOHN WILEY & SONS. London: CHAPMAN & HALL, Limited. 1902.
Copyright, 1902, by F. W. TRUSCOTT and F. L. EMORY.
ROBERT DRUMMOND. PRINTER, NEW YORK
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PART I.
A PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAY ON PROBABILITIES.
PART II.
APPLICATION OF THE CALCULUS OF PROBABILITIES.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Dodd, Henry Winship

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​DODD. (Lieutenant, 1815. f-p., 8; h-p., 34.)
Henry Winship Dodd, born 27 Aug. 1787, is youngest son of the late Robt, Dodd, Esq., a celebrated marine painter. His maternal grandfather, a Master, R.N., died about 1791, at the advanced age of 95.
This officer entered the Navy, 24 July, 1805, as A.B., on board the Dictator 64, Capts. Jas. Macnamara and Donald Campbell, employed blockading the Dutch fleet in the Texel, and afterwards stationed in the Great Belt, where he appears to have been involved, during the Copenhagen expedition, in frequent skirmishes with the Danish gun-boats. Having attained the rating of Midshipman more than two years previously, he rejoined Capt. Macnamara, in March, 1808, on board the Edgar 74; while subsequently detached in the barge belonging to which ship, it was his fortune to be the first medium of communication between the Spanish army in Denmark, under the Marquis de la Romana, and the squadron commanded by Rear-Admiral Rich. Goodwin Keats. On 9 Aug. in the same year, immediately previous to the embarkation and escape of those patriot troops from Nyeborg, he served in the Edgar’s launch at the capture, after a gallant resistance, of a Danish brig, the Fama of 18, and her consort, the Salorman cutter of 12 guns. On next accompanying Capt. Macnamara into the Berwick 74, Mr. Dodd assisted, near Barfleur, in causing the self-destruction, 25 March, 1811, of the French 40-gun frigate L’Amazone. After an unemployed interval of 17 months, occasioned by ill health, he was appointed, 7 Jan. 1814, to the Dragon 74, Capt, Robt. Barrie, then in the Chesapeake, where he removed, 8 May following, to the Jaseur 18, Capt. Geo. Edw. Watts, under whom he took part in several warm encounters with Commodore Barney’s flotilla, previous to its destruction on 22 Aug. Since his promotion to the rank of Lieutenant, 20 Jan. 1815, Mr. Dodd has been unemployed.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Dodd, Joseph

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​DODD. (Lieutenant, 1809. f-p., 16; h-p., 34.)
Joseph Dodd entered the Navy, in Jan. 1797, as a Volunteer, on board the Chichester 44, armée en flûte, Capts. Aiskew Paffard Hollis and John Stephen, in which he served, on the Cape of Good Hope and Mediterranean stations, latterly as Midshipman, until April, 1802, From 17 March, 1803, until promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, 27 June, 1809, we next find him employed in the East Indies, on board the Albion 74, Capt. John Ferrier. He then joined the Thunder bomb, Capts. Jas. Caulfeild and Wm. Shepheard; and, after attending the expedition to Flushing, took part in the defence of Cadiz. He was subsequently appointed to the Bedford and Elephant 74’s, commanded on the North Sea and Baltic stations by Capts. Jas. Walker and Fras. Wm. Austen. Mr. Dodd has been on half-pay since Dec. 1813. Agents – Messrs. Ommanney.