OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Amendment of the Copyright Regulations, 1978

* related portals: South African copyright law.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This notice, published as Government Notice R. 1211 of 7 June 1985, amended the Copyright Regulations, 1978.
Amendment of the regulations published under the Copyright Act, 1978 (Act 98 of 1978)
I, Kent Diederich Skelton Durr, Deputy Minister of Trade and Industry, acting on behalf and by direction of the Minister of Trade and Industry, under the powers vested in him by section 39 of the Copyright Act, 1978 (Act 98 of 1978), hereby amend the regulations published under Government Notice R. 2530 of 22 December 1978 by—
1. inserting the following new regulation after regulation 1 (iii) in the English text:
“(1) (iii.A)—‘local authority’ means—
(a) any institution, council or body contemplated in section 84 (1) (f) of the Provincial Government Act, 1961 (Act 32 of 1961), and includes
(b) any statutory body designated as a local authority in terms of paragraph (c) of the definition of ‘local authority’ in section 1 of the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act, 1977 (Act 103 of 1977).”;
2. the substitution for the word “assay” of the word “essay” in regulation 1 (vi) (a) of the Afrikaans text;
​3. the substitution for paragraph (a) of regulation 2 in the English text of the following paragraph:
“(a) except where otherwise provided, if not more than one copy of a reasonable portion of the work is made, having regard to the totality and meaning of the work.”;
4. inserting the following new regulation 9A after regulation 9:
“Reproductions of building plans by a local authority
9A. Notwithstanding the provisions of regulation 2 the copyright in a building plan in respect of which the original or a reproduction is lodged for purposes of record at an office of a local authority shall not be infringed by the making of a reproduction of such plan by the person in charge of such office or by any other person acting by or with the authority of such person, if the owner of land upon which a building has been erected in accordance with that plan requires copies of the plan or any portion thereof for the purpose of making additions or alterations to such building.”.
This work is in the public domain because it was created and first published in South Africa and it is an official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation of such a text.
According to the Copyright Act, 1978, § 12 (8) (a), "No copyright shall subsist in official texts of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or in official translations of such texts."
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Amendment to Annex II to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China

(Recorded at the Sixteenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on 28 August 2010)
Amendment to Annex II to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures
(Recorded at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on August 28 ,2010)
The fifth-term Legislative Council in the year 2012 shall be composed of 70 members, and the composition shall be as follows:
Members returned by functional constituencies: 35
Members returned by geographical constituencies through direct elections: 35
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Amendment to Annex I to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

(Approved at the Sixteenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on 28 August 2010)
Amendment to Annex I to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
(Approved at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on August 28 ,2010)
1. The Election Committee for electing the fourth-term Chief Executive in 2012 shall be composed of 1200 members from the following sectors:
Industrial, commercial and financial sectors: 300
The professions: 300
Labor, social services, religious and other sectors: 300
Members of the Legislative Council, representatives of members of the District Councils, representatives of the Heung Yee Kuk, Hong Kong deputies to the National People's Congress, and representatives of Hong Kong members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference: 300
The term of office of the Election Committee shall be five years.
2. Candidates for the office of Chief Executive may be nominated jointly by not less than 150 members of the Election Committee. Each member may nominate only one candidate.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Amendment to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1988)

* related portals: Constitutional documents, China.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
(Adopted at the First Session of the Seventh National People's Congress and promulgated for implementation by the Announcement of the National People's Congress on April 12, 1988)
Article 1 In Article 11 of the Constitution is added a new paragraph, which reads, "The State permits the private sector of the economy to exist and develop within the limits prescribed by law. The private sector of the economy is a complement to the socialist public economy. The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the private sector of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the private sector of the economy."
Article 2 The fourth paragraph of Article 10 of the Constitution, which reads, "No organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or lease land or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means", is revised to read, "No organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means. The right to the use of land may be transferred according to law."
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lache

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lache. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lache, feminine, from the equivalent Middle High German lache, Old High German lahha, feminine, ‘puddle, pool, water in an excavation.’ The Old High German word cannot be derived from Latin lăcus, ‘lake,’ which may, however, be the origin of Middle English and English lake, while Anglo-Saxon lagu, ‘lake,’ shows what form the Teutonic word cognate with the Latin term would assume. The attempt to connect Lache (Bavarian lacke) and lacus is also opposed by the difference in meaning; Italian lacca, ‘low ground,’ and Old Slovenian loky are German loan-words. The origin of Lache remains obscure; it is scarcely allied to leck and its cognates.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lachs

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lachs. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lachs, masculine, ‘salmon,’ from the equivalent Middle High German lahs (plural lęhse), Old High German lahs; corresponding to Anglo-Saxon leax, Old Icelandic lax, Scotch lax; a common and primary Teutonic term for ‘salmon’; in Gothic perhaps *lahs. The Slavonic and Lithuanian words are cognate; Lithuanian lasziszà, Lettic lasis, Russian lososŭ, ‘salmon trout,’ Polish lasóš, ‘salmon.’ Hence the s in Old High German lahs is a suffix (compare Fuchs), and not a part of the root.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Labe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Labe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Labe, feminine, ‘refreshment,’ from the equivalent Middle High German labe, Old High German laba, feminine.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lachter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lachter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lachter, neuter and feminine, ‘fathom,’ from the equivalent Middle High German lâhter, lâfter (Middle German); its early history is obscure; the stem is not the same as in Klafter,
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lade

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lade. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lade, feminine, ‘chest, box, press,’ from Middle High German lade (Old High German *lada, *hlada?), feminine, ‘receptacle, chest’; Lade is properly an ‘arrangement for loading’; the corresponding Old Icelandic hlaþa means ‘barn, storehouse,’ so too Middle English laþe, whence English lathe. For further references compare the verb laden. It is also probable that Lade is connected with the following substantive Laden; in that case the primary meaning would be ‘trunk made of boards.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Laffe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Laffe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Laffe, masculine, ‘puppy, dandy,’ from Middle High German lape, lappe, masculine, ‘simpleton, dandy.’ The relation of Modern High German Lump to Lumpen makes the existence of Middle High German lappe, ‘dandy,’ as well as *lappe, ‘rags,’ conceivable; yet the Modern High German form has ff compared with the Middle High German pp; compare läppich. Others refer Laffe to Dutch and Low German laf, ‘stale, insipid.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lahn

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lahn. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lahn, masculine, ‘tinsel,’ Modern High German only, from F. lame, feminine, ‘thin metal plate, wire.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Labberdan

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Labberdan. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Labberdan, masculine, ‘codfish,’ Modern High German only, from Low German; to this are allied, with remarkable divergences, Dutch labberdaan, earlier abberdaan and slabberdaan, and English haberdine, with the same sense. The word is based not on the name of the Scotch town Aberdeen, but on tractus Laburdanus, a part of the Basque country (Bayonne used to be called Laburdum, French Labourd), It must have been introduced into the Netherlands through a French medium; the form abberdaen is due to the error of regarding the initial l as the article. Compare also Kabliau.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Laden

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Laden. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Laden, masculine, ‘shop, shutter,’ from Middle High German laden, lade, masculine, ‘board, plank, shutter, shop.’ The meaning of Middle High German lade, ‘board,’ is the originally one, hence the derivation of the word from the verb laden must be rejected in favour of its connection with Modern High German Latte; since the latter in Gothic ​would be represented by *laþþô, and Lade by *laþa, we might assume a root laþ, pre-Teutonic lat, meaning ‘board’; compare Latte.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Lage

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Lage. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Lage, (illegible text)., ‘situation,’ from Middle High German lâge, Old High German lâga, feminine, ‘putting, arranging, situation’; from liegen. So too Modern High German Lager, neuter (properly Leger), from Middle High German lëger, Old High German lëgar, masculine, ‘camp’; compare English lair.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Francis Henry

​Brown, Francis Henry (1835–1917)
Francis Henry Brown, pioneer compiler of New England medical directories and promoter of medical and patriotic organizations, was born in Boston, where he spent his life, August 8, 1835. He was the son of Francis and Caroline Mathilde Kuhn Brown, was prepared for Harvard College at the Boston Public Latin School, graduated in 1857, and received an M. D. from Harvard in 1861, becoming an assistant instructor in chemistry at Cambridge, from 1857 to 1859, then serving as house officer at the Massachusetts General Hospital. He entered the Army and was acting assistant surgeon from 1862 to 1864. When he had been in practice six years he became a founder of the Boston Children's Hospital and he served that institution as secretary and as surgeon and consulting surgeon for a lifetime. He became treasurer of the Obstetrical Society of Boston, founded in 1861, and held the position until his death, and he was secretary of his college class. Among his other activities were: Surgeon to Boston Dispensary 1866–1872, editor Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 1870–1872, president Suffolk District Medical Society 1897–1898, president Massachusetts Society Sons of the American Revolution 1901–1903, treasurer of the Unitarian Club, and secretary of the Bunker Hill Monument Association.
In 1875 Dr. Brown published "The Medical Register for the Cities of Boston, Cambridge, Charlestown and Chelsea for the years 1866, 1873 and 1875," 3 vols. And in the same year, "The Medical Register for the State of Massachusetts," to be followed in 1879 by "The Medical Register for New England," the eighth edition of which containing biographical notices of practising physicians, a most useful book, was published in 1895. Besides these works he wrote "Harvard University in the War of 1861–1865," and "The Second Church in Boston. 1900." He contributed also to "Allibone's Dictionary of Authors" and to the medical biographies of Irving A. Watson and W. B. Atkinson.
On September 24, 1861, Dr. Brown married Louisa Beckford of Salem, Mass.; she died in 1865 and March 23, 1871, he married Mary Sherwood Wood of Auburn, N. Y. There were two children. Dr. Brown's personality epitomized geniality. He was rather below the average in height, had a military bearing and was unfailing in his attendance at meetings of the societies of which he was a member.
During the latter part of his life he had an office in the business part of Boston, where he was medical examiner for life insurance companies and transacted the business of the many positions he held.
His death, which occurred on May 16, 1917, was due to injuries received from being struck by a street car in front of his residence, the Hotel Buckminster.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Gustavus (1744–1801)

​Brown, Gustavus (1744–1801)
This physician was the grandson of the emigrant Dr. Gustavus Brown, Sr. (q.v.). He was the son of Rev. Richard Brown, a minister of the Anglican Church, and a nephew of Dr. Gustavus Richard Brown. He was born at Morningside, near Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1744, and after studying medicine at that university for seven years, received his M. D. in 1770. His name appears in the catalogue of graduates as "Brown, Gust. Brit. De Cynanche Phlogistica, 1770." He came to America shortly after in company with several of his fellow students, and settled in St. Mary's County, Maryland. In 1782 he attended one of these, Dr. Ireland, and the illness proving fatal, married his widow. This lady was the only child of Col. John Reeder, an officer of the Revolution, and of a Huguenot family settled in Maryland since 1736. Her estate was called "Summerseat," and she is said to have been very rich. There the doctor settled down and ​practised until his death, July 3, 1891, at the age of fifty-six. He had no children.
Dr. Brown practised with great success and had the honor of being called to attend Gen. Washington by Drs. Craik, Dick and Gustavus R. Brown. Receiving the summons at midnight, he mounted his horse and hastened towards Mt. Vernon, but on reaching Long Bridge he learned of the patient's death and turned back. The hastily-written summons, together with other relics, was destroyed by fire at the old homestead in 1874.
To him, through his father, descended by entail the Scotch estate. His remains were interred in the Reeder burial ground at West-field, St. Mary's county, and his tombstone bears an inscription highly commendatory.
# American Medical Biographies/Brower, Daniel Roberts

​Brower, Daniel Roberts (1839–1909)
Daniel Roberts Brower, Chicago alienist, was born in Philadelphia October 13, 1839, and graduated from the Philadelphia Polytechnic College in 1860 with the degree of M.S. and from the Medical Department of Georgetown University in 1864. His ancestors were of the early Dutch settlers in this country. He served as an assistant surgeon for two years during the Civil War, and afterwards as superintendent of the Freedman's Hospital, Richmond, Va., and later of the Eastern State Hospital for the Insane, Williamsburg, Va., for ​nine years. He came to Chicago, Ill., in 1875, and soon became an important figure in the medical life of the city. He was connected with Rush Medical College, first as professor of materia medica and therapeutics, and later as professor of nervous and mental diseases, and later held for many years the chair of diseases of the nervous system in the Woman's Medical School and the Post-Graduate Medical School.
He was a member of the American Medical Association, the American Neurological Association, the American Electro-Therapeutic Association, the National Association for the Study of Epilepsy, the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, the Chicago Physicians' Club, and the American Medico-Psychological Association, besides being an honorary member of the Moscow Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists, and one of the founders of the Senn Club. He was a member of the attending staff of St. Joseph's, Cook County and Presbyterian hospitals, and consulting physician to the Women's and Children's Hospital and Oakwood Sanitarium, besides being president of the Chicago Medical Society in 1891 and of the State Medical Society in 1895.
He was the author of a text-book on insanity and of many monographs on nervous and mental diseases and received the honorary degrees of A. M. from Wabash College, and of LL.D. from Georgetown University, Kenyon College and St. Ignatius College.
He was married, May 15, 1868, to Eliza Ann Shearer, of Pennsylvania, and they had two children.
Dr. Brower was in apparent good health until a week before his death, when he was seized with cerebral apoplexy, causing paralysis of the left side, but apparently not affecting his mind. He gradually failed physically, but retained consciousness until a few hours before his death, which occurred at his home in Chicago, March 1, 1909, at the age of 69.
# American Medical Biographies/Brown, Bedford

​Brown, Bedford (1825–1897)
A physician and army surgeon, Bedford Brown was the son of the Hon. Bedford Brown, United States senator from North Carolina from 1828 to 1841, and was born in Caswell County, North Carolina, January 17, 1825. His mother's maiden name was Mary L. Glenn.
In 1845 he studied under Dr. Benjamin W. Dudley (q.v.), of Lexington, Kentucky; attended two courses of lectures in the medical department of the Transylvania University, and graduated in 1848. Two years later he took a course of lectures at the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, and graduated from that institution in 1855.
Dr. Brown was a member of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association of which he was vice-president in 1893, and one of its judicial council from 1894; a member of the Board of Medical Examiners of Virginia from 1885 to 1894, and of the Medical Society of Virginia, of which he was president in 1886.
After graduation he practised three or foul years in Virginia, and about 1855 returned to North Carolina and practised at Yanceyville until the outbreak of the Civil War. At its close he settled in Alexandria, Virginia, where he practised until death.
In the spring of 1861 he was appointed chief surgeon in the camp of instruction at Weldon, North Carolina, then assigned to the troops sent from Richmond, Virginia, to northwestern Virginia and eventually served during the rest of the war as inspector of hospitals and camps.
He always took an active interest in professional affairs. He was also prominent in the Council of Confederate Veterans, and served as surgeon of the R. E. Lee Camp, of Alexandria, from its organization.
Dr. Brown performed many capital operations during his military service, and after the war had a large practice.
He married, in 1852, Mary E. Simpson of Washington, District of Columbia, and had three children, two sons and a daughter. William Bedford, who became a physician in New York City, was one of the sons.
During the last months of his life he was troubled with chronic cystitis, for the relief of which an operation was performed by the late Dr. Hunter McGuire, but failing to rally, he died at his home in Alexandria, September 13, 1897.
The "Transactions of the Medical Society of Virginia," from 1879 to the year of his death, contain many papers read before the society by Dr. Brown, too many indeed to enumerate. Several also are to be found in the "Transactions of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association," many of these of great historical interest.