OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brown, William (1777-1857)

​BROWN, WILLIAM (1777–1857), admiral in the navy of Buenos Ayres, a native of Ireland, accompanied his family to America in 1786, and, being there left destitute by the death of his father, obtained employment as cabin-boy on board a merchant ship. In 1796 he was pressed into an English man-of-war, and served for several years in the navy. Afterwards, having obtained the command of an English merchant ship, he came, in 1812, to Buenos Ayres, where he settled with his family. In 1814 he accepted a naval command in the service of the republic. He engaged a Spanish flotilla at the mouth of the Uruguay, and he fought another and more decisive action off Monte Video, capturing four of the Spanish vessels and dispersing the rest. He received the title of admiral, and fitted out a privateer, in which he cruised against the Spaniards in the Pacific. His ship was visited by an English man-of-war, sent to Antigua, and there condemned, but was afterwards restored on appeal to the home government. Brown lived in retirement at Buenos Ayres till December 1825, when Brazil declared war against the republic and blockaded the River Plate. On 4 Feb. 1826 Brown attacked the enemy of more than four times his material force, and drove them eight leagues down the coast. In February 1827 Brown engaged and almost totally destroyed a squadron of nineteen small vessels at the mouth of the Uruguay. On 9 April he put to sea with a few brigs, and was at once brought to action by a superior force of the enemy. Some of the brigs seem to have got back without much loss; Brown, though badly wounded, succeeded in running one ashore and setting fire to her; the other was reduced to a wreck and captured. The loss obliged the republic to enter on negotiations which resulted in a peace. In the civil war of 1842-5 Brown was again in command of the fleet of Buenos Ayres, and with a very inefficient force kept up the blockade of Monte Video, notwithstanding an order from the English commodore to throw up his command. In 1845, when the English and French squadrons were directed to intervene and restore peace to the river, their first step was to take possession of Brown‘s ships, thus reducing him to compulsory inactivity. He had no further service, but passed the rest of his life on his small estate in the neigbourhood of Buenos Ayres. He died on 3 May 1857. A powerful ironclad, named the Almirante Brown, still keeps his memory living in the navy of the Argentine republic.
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brown, Thomas (d.1445)

​BROWN or BROUNS, THOMAS (d. 1445), was bishop of Rochester and Norwich. Nothing is Known of his parentage or birthplace, nor of what university he was LL.D. As, however, Cardinal Repington, bishop of Lincoln, collated him to the subdeanery of Lincoln in 1414, and as Repington was chancellor of Oxford, it is probable that Brown was of that universitv. In 1419 he was made archdeacon of Stow, m 1422 prebendary of Biggleswade, in 1423 prebendary of Langford Manor (all in the diocese of Lincoln), in 1425 prebendary of Flixton in the diocese of Lichfield, in 1427 archdeacon of Berkshire, and in 1431 dean of Salifibnry. He held all these preferments together till his promotion to the see of Rochester in 1435, being at the same time vicar-general to Chichele, archbishop of Canterbury. Can Thomas Gascoigne be referring to Brown when he says, in his usually extravagant manner, 'Novi unum fatuum qui habuit unum magnum archidiaconatum et xii. prscbendas magnas' ? (Loci e Libro Ventatum, Clarendon Press, 4to, 1881, p. 43). In 1429 he was elected to the bishopric of Chichester, and was approved by the king ; but the pope, Martin V, quashed the election, and he had to wait four years before he was raised to the episcopate. He was consecrated bishop of Rochester at Canterbury on 1 May 1435, and next year, while attending at the council of Basle, was translated by Eugenius IV to the bishopric of Norwich. Henry VI taking offence at this, Brown submitted himself to the king's pleasure, and with so good a grace that his apology was accepted, and he was allowed to take possession of his see. In 1439 he was sent as ambassador to negotiate a peace with France, and to make a commercial treaty with the Flemings. His episcopate is uneventful, except that he was a peacemaker on the occasion of a serious dispute between the citizens of Norwich and the priory. Possibly his award may have been displeasing to the convent, for soon after this the prior behayed with exceeding disrespect to the bishop, and the quarrel ended in an appeal to Rome, when the prior was compelled to submit to his diocesan. Brown died at Hoxne on 6 Dec. 1445, and was buried in the cathedral. His will has been preserved. In it, besides other legacies, he leaves money for the support of poor scholars at both universities.
[Le Neve's Fasti, ii. 40, 79, 567, 634 (Hardy); Rymer's Fœdera, x. 433, 608, 724, 728, 730; Rolls of Parliament, v. 13; Blomefield's Norfolk, iii. 533; Stubbs's Reg. Sac. Anglic.; Brown's will, Lambeth Reg. Stafford, 1316; Genealogist, v. 324.]
A. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brown, Ulysses Maximilian von

1904 Errata appended.
​BROWN or BROWNE, ULYSSES MAXIMILIAN von (1705–1757), count of the holy Roman empire, baron de Camus and Mountany, and field-marshal in the imperialist armies, was son of Ulysses, baron Brown, an Irish colonel of cavalry in the Austrian army ennobled for his military services by the emperor Charles V, and was born at Basle on 23 Oct. 1705. He entered the imperial service at an early age and distinguished himself on several occasions. At the age of twenty-one he married the young Countess Marie Philippine von Martinez, daughter of George Adam Martinez, who for a short time was imperial vicegerent in the kingdom of Naples. Brown's influential connections, as well as his personal merits, secured his rapid advancement. At twenty-nine he commanded an Austrian infantry regiment in Italy, and a few years later, on the accession of the empress Maria Theresa, he was advanced to the rank of field-marshal lieutenant and appointed to command in Silesia. In the campaigns in Italy in 1743–8 he greatly distinguished himself, particularly at the battle of Piacenza, where he commanded the Austrian left, and mainly contributed to the success of the day. When the Austrians moved southward the city of Genoa opened its gates to him, and he subsequently commanded the imperialist troops that crossed the Var and entered France, establishing their outposts a few miles from Toulon. His withdrawal from Genoa was considered a masterly operation. After the convention of Nizza in 1749 he returned to Vienna, and held commands in Transylvania and Bohemia. He became a field-marshal in 1763. At the outbreak of the seven years' war he was in Silesia, and commanded the Austrians at the battle of Lobositz. Believing a dual command, as proposed by Maria Theresa, to be prejudicial to public interests, Brown offered to serve under the orders of Prince Charles of Lorraine, the empress's favourite, in Bohemia, and there, while heading a bayonet-charge of grenadiers on the Prussian line before the walls of Prague, on 6 May 1757, was struck by a cannon-shot, which shattered one of his legs. He was carried from the field, and died of his wound at Prague on 26 June following, leaving behind him the reputation of a consummate general and an able and successful negotiator. His biography was published in German and in French in 1757.
[Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (Leipzig, 1876), iii. 369-73, the particulars in which are taken from Zuverlässige Lebensbeschreibung von U. M. Count von Brown (Leipzig and Frankfort, 1757); Baron O'Cahill's Geschichte der grössten Heerführer der neueren Zeit (Rastadt, 1785), ii. 264–316. English readers will find compendious notices of Count Brown's military operations in Sir E. Gust's Annals of the Wars of the Eighteenth Century (London, 1860–1); Carlyle's Frederick the Great.]
H. M. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.39 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 35 | i | 13 f.e. | Brown, Ulysses M. von: for Charles V read Charles VI |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brown, William (1766-1835)

​BROWN, WILLIAM, D.D. (1766–1835), historical writer, was born in 1766. He was licensed by the presbytery of Stirling in 1791, was presented to the parish of Eskdalemuir by the Duke of Buccleuch in 1792, and fulfilled there the duties of minister for forty-three ears, ln 1797 he married Margaret Moffat, by whom he had three children. He received the degree of D.D. from the university of Aberdeen in 1816, and died on 2l Sept. 1835. He was the author of the ‘Antiquities of the Jews’ (2nd ed. 1826, 2 vols.), and Wrote the ‘Account of the Parish of Eskdalemuir’ in the ‘Statistical Account of Scotland,’ His work on the Jews enters with great detail into their customs and religious ceremonials, but barely touches upon their political history or ethnical peculiarities.
[Hew Scott's Fasti Ecclesiæ Sooticanæ, vol. i. part ii. 635; Gent. Mag. new series, iv. 554; Chambers's Historical Newspaper.]
N. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Brown, Thomas (fl.1570)

​BROWN, THOMAS (fl. 1570), translator, of Lincoln's Inn, translated into English 'A ritch Storehouse or Treasurie for Nobilitye and Gentlemen, which in Latine is called Nobilitas literata, written by a famous and excellent man, John Sturmius, and translated into English by T. B., gent., . . . Imprinted at London by Henrie Denham .... 1570.' This volume is in the Grenville Library in the British Museum. In a note appended to it Mr. Grenville says that it does not appear who T. B. was. A Thomas Brown who wrote some verses prefixed to the 'Galateo of maister John Delia Case (Casa) archbishop of Beneventa,' translated by Robert Peterson of Lincoln's Inn, gentleman, a work printed in 1576, and described in Herbert's edition of Ames's 'Typographical Antiquities,' is probably Thomas Browne (d. 1585) [q. v.]
[Tanner's Bibl. Brit. 131; manuscript note of Mr. T. Grenville; Herbert's Ames's Typographical Antiquities, ii. 903.]
W. H.
# Diamonds To Sit On/Chapter 32

Contents
CHAPTER XXXII
A LETTER
A Leiter from Father Theodore written to his Wife from Baku.
MY DARLING AND PRECIOUS KATYA, 'Every hour brings us nearer to our happiness. I am writing to you from a furnished room, which I have taken after having been on my feet all day attending to various little affairs. Baku is a very large town. I am told that there are oil wells here, but you have to go by an electric train if you want to see them, and I have no money. This picturesque town is on the edge of the Caspian Sea, which is immense. The heat is appalling. I always Carry my overcoat over one arm and my short coat over the other, for it is almost too hot to breathe. My arms are always bathed in sweat and I drink lots of tea. I have hardly any money left, but that doesn't matter, my darling, for very soon we shall have masses of money. We shall travel and then settle down in Samara near to our little candle factory and we shall drink liqueurs.
'But now to business: Baku is considerably superior to Rostov, both in its geographical position and in the number of its inhabitants, but I think Kharkov is a busier town. There are many foreigners here, especially Armenians and Persians, for we are not very far from Turkey. I went to the market and found many Turkish things and some scarves. I wanted to buy you a Mussulman veil as a present, but I had no money, so I decided that when we are rich—and it is only a matter of days now—I shall buy you a veil. ​214
t,.*
DIAMONDS TO SIT ON
to teU you about that have happened to me here : (I) I dropped your brother’s coat into the Caspian I was at the ^t. Both these events greatly surprised me. I can t understand why the authorities allow such things to happen to visitors to the town, especially as I didnT 3 ^ts nostrils wth a straw I thought it would amuse it. As for the coat, lots of people helped me to fish it out but when it was rescued it was simply reeking of oil’ I don t know what I’ll say to your brother, the baker but, mind you keep this to yourself, my love Does Evsti^eyev stiU come in for dinner ? And If not, why not ? + through this letter and I see I’ve not yet told you anything about the principal business The engmeer Bruns does work at the oil wells, but he BatumHe has gone on leave to
family lives there. + to several people here and I have been o d that Bruns has his own furniture in Batum He I M «pcnsive place, •'•
roubles so wire me twenty roubles and I shall wire all details to you from Batum. Please spread the rumour that 1 am still at my aunt’s bedside in Voronezh. ‘ Your faithful husband ‘ Theodore’
"'^0 ir^st opened this letter to tell you that your brother’s coat the one which was reektag of S. it is'’'th” J “■ “■ despair. It is just as well brother aStt/' J’”
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Budworth, William

1904 Errata appended.
​BUDWORTH, WILLIAM (d. 1745), schoolmaster, was the son of the Rev. Luke Budworth, vicar of Longford, Derbyshire, and afterwards rector of the parishes of Tillesham and Wellingham in Norfolk. He was educated in the free grammar school at Market Bosworth under the famous Anthony Blackwall [q. v.], and thence proceeded to Christ's College, Cambridge (B.A. 1720, M.A. 1726). Soon after graduating he was appointed master of Rugeley school in Staffordshire, and on the death of Dr. Hillman he became head-master of the free grammar school at Brewood. He obtained the vicarage of Brewood on the presentation of the dean of Lichfield, and he was presented to the donative chapel of Shareshill, near Brewood, by Sir Edward Littleton, bart., who entrusted to him the education of his nephew and presumptive heir. In 1736 he would have engaged the celebrated Samuel Johnson as an assistant in this school had he not been apprehensive that the paralytic affection under which the great philologist laboured through life might have made him the object of ridicule among the scholars. One of Budworth's pupils was Richard Hurd, afterwards bishop of Worcester, who says he ‘possessed every talent of a perfect institutor of youth in a degree which I believe has been rarely found in any of that profession since the days of Quinctilian.’ He died in 1745.
T. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.41 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 226 | ii | 13 | Budworth, William: for Shareshull read Shareshill |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Budge, Edward

​BUDGE, EDWARD (1800–1865), theological and general writer, was the son of John Budge, and was a native of Devonshire. He was educated at Saffron Walden, Essex, and was admitted at Christ's College, Cambridge, on 14 March 1820, when twenty years old. In 1824 he took the degree of B.A., and in the same year was ordained deacon by the bishop of Exeter. After holding several curacies in the west of England, he was instituted in 1839 to the small living of Manaccan, Cornwall, and remained there until 1846, when he was appointed by the bishop of Exeter to the more valuable rectory of Bratton Clovelly, North Devon. He died at his rectory on 3 Aug. 1865, aged 65. At his death his family was left without any provision for their support. In the hope of raising some money for their necessities, the Rev. R. B. Kinsman, the vicar of Tintagel, published, in 1866, a collection of ‘Posthumous Gleanings’ from Budge's study and from the essays which he had contributed to the ‘Saturday Review.’
Budge was a learned theologian and a skilled geologist. For Dr. Pusey's ‘Library of the Fathers’ he translated the ‘Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Statues,’ and his scientific knowledge was shown in the numerous articles which he supplied to the ​Geological Society, and to the Royal Institution, of Cornwall, on the geology of the Lizard district. To the Rev. H. A. Simcoe's periodical of ‘Light from the West’ he furnished a series of articles setting forth the reflections of the ‘Christian Naturalist,’ which was published in 1838 in a volume bearing that title. A compilation from his pen on the ‘Lives of Men of Great Æras’ was issued in 1851. He published many visitation and
[Gent. Mag. September 1865, p. 391, November 1865, p. 651; Life prefixed to Posthumous Gleanings; Courtney and Boase's Bibl. Cornub. i. 50, ii. 651, iii. 1076, 1100.]
W. P. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bulkeley, Arthur

1904 Errata appended.
​BULKELEY or BOKELEY, ARTHUR (d. 1553), bishop of Bangor, was the son of Richard Bulkeley, a member of a Welsh family of that name. Bulkeley graduated in law at Oxford, possibly from New Inn Hall, suggests Anthony à Wood, who also says that he was held in esteem as a good canonist. Upon taking his degree he was appointed to the living of Llanddeusant in Anglesey, and about the same time was made canon of St. Asaph, 1525. In 1531 he became rector of St. James, Garlick Hythe, in London, and in 1537 was made prebendary of Clynnoc Vechan, or Llangeinwen. This last preferment occasioned him much trouble. According to Bishop Humphreys, Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex, ‘obtaining a blank institution’ of Clynnoc from John Capon, then bishop of Bangor, inducted his nephew, Gregory Williamson, a boy eight years old, into the prebend. On Bulkeley's resisting this invasion of his rights, Cromwell applied to his kinsman, Sir Richard Bulkeley, through whom he made threats of such a nature to Bulkeley that the latter yielded, but upon Cromwell's fall in the year 1540 resumed possession of the living on the plea that his resignation was a forced one, and not made of his own free will. In 1541, not long after the execution of Cromwell, Bulkeley was consecrated bishop of Bangor, and, we are told, continued to hold his prebend of Clynnoc Vechan in commendam for some years longer. Bulkeley was the first bishop of Bangor who had resided in his diocese for a hundred years, and he appears to have devoted himself with zeal to the duties of his office, in some respects with a result not wholly satisfactory. He incurred heavy expenses in lawsuits upon which he entered for the purpose of recovering advowsons of livings alienated by some of his predecessors. Godwin (Comm. de Præsulibus Angliæ), followed by Fuller in his ‘Worthies’ (where Bulkeley meets with much abuse on the strength of the story), says that Bulkeley sold five bells belonging to the cathedral of Bangor, and, going to see them shipped off, was on his return struck with total blindness by way of punishment for the sacrilege. Browne Willis, on the other hand, asserts that there is no foundation whatever for the statement that Bulkeley ever was blind. Bulkeley died on 14 March 1552–3 at Bangor, and was buried in the cathedral without monument or inscription. His will directed that his body should be buried with the heart of Thomas Skeffington, bishop of Bangor, 1509–33.
A. M.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.41 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 231 | i | 6 f.e. | Bulkeley, Arthur: for 4 March read 14 March |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bulkeley, Launcelot

1904 Errata appended.
​BULKELEY, LAUNCELOT (1568?–1650), archbishop of Dublin, was the eleventh and youngest son of Sir Richard Bulkeley of Beaumaris and Cheadle, but the eldest by his second wife, Agnes, daughter of Thomas Needham of Stenton (Earwaker's East Cheshire, i. 182). He was thus half-brother of Sir Richard Bulkeley [q. v.]. He was entered in the beginning of 1587 a commoner in Brasenose College, Oxford, where he proceeded B.A.; he afterwards moved to St. Edmund Hall, where he took his M.A. degree in 1593. On 13 Nov. of the same year he was ordained deacon by Hugh Bellot, bishop of Bangor. Some years later he became archdeacon of Dublin, and he was promoted to its see in 1619. Subsequently he was named by James I a privy councillor of that kingdom. He revived the controversy regarding the primacy of Ireland, and on the question being submitted to Strafford, lord deputy, the precedency was given to Armagh. Bulkeley was one of the council who in 1646 issued a proclamation confirmatory of peace concluded in that month between the Marquis of Ormonde and the Roman catholics. For resisting the act prohibiting the use of the Book of Common Prayer he was in 1647 committed to prison. On 8 March 1649 it was decreed that all honours, castles, &c. belonging to the archbishopric of Dublin should be vested in General Ireton, president of Munster. The archbishop died at Tallaght on 8 Sept. 1650, in his eighty-second year, and was buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral under the communion-table. By his wife Alice, daughter of Roland Bulkeley of Conway, he left issue. He was the author of a pamphlet, 'Proposals for sending back the Nobility and Gentry of Ireland.'
T. F. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.41 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| | ii | 19 | Bulkeley, Launcelot: for Some years later read In 1613 |
| | | 23 | after kingdom insert From 1634 till death he was treasurer of Cashel |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Buissière, Paul

​BUISSIÈRE or BUSSIÈRE, PAUL (d. 1739), surgeon and anatomist, was a native of France, and a protestant who had fled his country on account of his religion. Before leaving France he had practised with distinction in the principality of Orange. He settled in the first instance at Copenhagen, then coming over here was naturalised 10 Oct. 1688, and afterwards fixed himself in Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, where he rapidly attained to the highest reputation and success. He was the surgeon who attended Mr. Harley when stabbed at the council table by the Marquis de Guiscard, in March 1710–11; he also attended the assassin after his committal to Newgate, and had the honour of being called in to the consultation on the last illness of Queen Caroline. Lord Hervey, in writing of the last event in November 1737, states that ‘although fourscore years old the king and queen had a great opinion of [Buissière], and preferred [him] to every other man of his profession.’ Buissière was one of the first to introduce a course of lectures on anatomy and physiology into England. He had been admitted a foreign member of the Royal Society on 22 May 1700, but was placed on the home list in 1713, and chosen one of the council in 1719. To the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ he contributed six papers, wholly on anatomical subjects. Other papers from his pen are to be found in the ‘Mémoires’ of the Academy of Sciences, Paris, of which he became a corresponding member in March 1699, and in the ‘Acta Eruditorum.’ He also maintained a scientific correspondence with Sir Hans Sloane, which is still preserved in the archives of the Royal Society. Buissière died at his house in Suffolk Street in January 1738–9 (Probate Act Book, P. C. C. 1739). His will, dated 19 July 1737, was proved 22 Jan. 1738–9. By it he bequeathed the sum of 200l. to the French hospital in London, of which he had been elected governor in 1729 (Burn, Hist. of Foreign Protestant Refugees, p. 183). A portrait of Buissière, presented by his family, is at the Royal Society.
His separate publications were: 1. ‘Lettre à M. Bourdelin pour servir de réponse au sieur Méry sur l'Usage du Trou ovale dans le Fœtus,’ 12mo, Paris, 1700. 2. ‘Nouvelle Déscription anatomique du Cœur des Tortues terrestres de l'Amérique et de ses Vaisseaux,’ 12mo, Paris, 1713. In all that he did Buissière was distinguished by his curious learning and the happy mode in which he handled the most difficult subjects.
[Haag, La France Protestante, deuxième édit. iii. pt. i. 413–14; Agnew's Protestant Exiles, 2nd edit. i. 49, iii. 51, 73; Alban Thomas's List of the Royal Society, 1718; Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, iv. 618; Lord Hervey's Memoirs, ii. 505, 507–8; Gent. Mag. vii. 699; Will reg. in P. C. C., 3 Henchman; Weld's Descriptive Cat. of Portraits at Royal Society, p. 12; Biographie Universelle, nouvelle édition, vi. 128–9; Nouvelle Biographie Générale, vii. 758–9; Chalmers's Biog. Dict. ix. 238.]
G. G.