OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The How and Why Library/Introduction

THE "WHY" OF THE HOW AND WHY LIBRARY
t is well known how eager all normal children are to go to school.
By "school" we mean not so much the Common School, as the Commoner School we call "Life."
A child instinctively asks questions. Curiosity is the appetite of the mind. His questions show that his mind is all ready for the answers. If they are given wholesome encouragement and direction, he will grow to find the greatest pleasure as well as profit in learning about the great and good things of the world which he has inherited rather than the silly or the bad.
The answers can be made and are here made to lead straight into invention, art, science, engineering, good morals and good citizenship, preparation for a successful life—the development of a clean, strong body and a clean, strong mind.
To bring home and school into such practical co-operation in the development of the child—that is the greatest idea in the modern educational system; that is the purpose of the "How and Why Library." Its articles have a field all their own. They do not take the place of the delightful story books for children—of which there are many that are good in spite of the fact that there are so many that are either worthless or bad. Neither do they take the place of the text book. They prepare for the text book before the child starts school; they supplement it after he begins.
Did you ever stop to think what a big thing a little key is? The "Hows" and "Whys" between these book covers are the keys to this wonderful world of ours. Without such keys the child cannot enter—cannot understand. This is the tragedy of the old school methods.
Modern education is entering a field of glorious possibilities for our children, but we must do our share. The school can help the home, but the home must help itself. The mother-teacher, the father-teacher, the big-sister and big-brother teachers must come back again.
After all, they're our children—our little brothers and sisters—aren't they?
Open the door and walk in—children and all. Because it is such a remarkable work for children, it is none the less a work of infinite charm for readers of all ages.
The Publishers
# The How and Why Library/Industries
## TYPICAL INDUSTRIES

    Editors' Note to Mother and Teacher
             And children coming home from school
                Look in at the open door;
             They love to see the flaming forge,
                And hear the bellows roar.
In writing that verse into The Village Blacksmith, Longfellow expressed a profound truth. Children have a natural interest in the work of the grown-up world. They love to watch the blacksmith, the carpenter, the mason, the miller, the shoemaker. Boys, too young to work, follow the threshing machine from farm to farm. Village boys hang about the railway station to watch the locomotive and the grain elevator. They want to know how things are made, and what makes the wheels go 'round.
The experience of industry a boy can get in this way is considerable. Unfortunately, the workman doesn't want a boy around. He is in the way; often he is in danger. In any case, the industries near him are limited in kind, number and function. A flour mill is only one step in a long series of connected processes that produce the world's bread. Understanding of how any one man's work is bound to all the other work of the world, broadens the mind of the child wonderfully, and teaches him respect for every sort of labor.
To supply the lack of real objects of study, the following sketches were written. Children are nearest, in experience and interests, to primitive peoples. It is a curious thing that the very earliest occupations of supplying food, clothing, shelter and tools are still the fundamental industries, and must always remain so. Moreover, they are the most highly developed, and employ the large majority of workers everywhere. These facts have governed our choice of wheat and rice, iron, cotton, wood-working, pottery and glass-making as typical industries. The making of watches was added to satisfy the child's natural curiosity about machinery; and matches to set him thinking of the wonders of cheap, everyday necessities. We have connected all these varied industries with the school studies of geography, history, mathematics, drawing, chemistry, physics and astronomy, showing their practical use. A voyage into the World-at-Work opens a new and fascinating wonderland to the children.
# The Governor's Wife

THE GOVERNOR'S WIFE
COMEDY IN THREE ACTS
First Presented at the Teatro de la Comedia, Madrid, on the Evening of the Eighth of October, 1901
Characters
The First Act
The Second Act
The Third Act
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# The Governor's Wife/Characters

Ladies, Gentlemen, Townspeople, and Visitors
The scene is Moraleda, a supposed provincial capital of Spain
# The Governor of Georgia v. Juan Mardazo

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.

## Dissenting Opinion

    Johnson
United States Supreme Court
26 U.S. 110
The Governor of Georgia v. Juan Mardazo

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Green Bay Tree (Bromfield, Frederick A. Stokes Company, printing 11)/Chapter 73

IT was dark when she awoke and rose wearily to light a lamp. The first flame of the match illuminated the room. It revealed all the familiar furniture . . . the chintz covered chairs, the bright curtains of toile de Juouy, the bowl of ghostly white phloxes by the window. Everything was the same save that Madame Gigon . . . old Tante Louise . . . lay unconscious upon the bed, and the house was so still that the silence was suffocating.
She went into the kitchen and prepared a mixture of egg, milk and brandy which she fed the old woman through a tube. She understood the care of Madame Gigon. The old woman had been like this before. Lily, herself, ate nothing, but took from the cupboard by the window a bottle of port and drank a brimming glass. And after a time she went outside to listen to the silence.
With her black cloak wrapped about her she sat there for a long time. The farm, the tiny inn, the houses of the village were black and silent. There hung in the atmosphere the ghostly feeling of a house suddenly deserted by its inhabitants, standing empty and alone. The mournfulness was overwhelming. After a time she lighted a cigarette and smoked it, holding the ember away from her and regarding it at a little distance as if the faint light in some way dissipated the loneliness.
For a time she regarded the distant horizon and the queer flashes of color like heat lightning which appeared at intervals. Sometimes the rising night wind bore toward her a faint sound like that of distant thunder. And then all at once, there appeared in the house by the village church a bright light. It was a lamp placed close to the open window so that the rays piercing the darkness traversed the river, penetrated the low branches of the plane trees and enveloped Lily herself in a faint glow.
She watched it for a time with a breathless curiosity. The ​cigarette, untouched, burned low and dropped from her fingers, and then behind the light appeared the figure of the curé in his rusty black clothes. He had stayed behind to guard his church. He was there, moving about his little house, as if nothing had happened. Presently he took down from a shelf above the table a heavy book, laid it before him, took out his steel rimmed spectacles, and began to read.
After an hour of silence during which she lay motionless in her chair, Lily rose and went inside to look at Madame Gigon. The old woman lay on her back, snoring peacefully. She felt her pulse. It was weak and irregular. Then she brought more brandy and milk, fed it to Madame Gigon, and wrapping the black cloak about herself, set off down the terrace to the iron bridge that led across the Marne to the house of the curé.
Away to the north the flashes in the sky became more frequent and the distant thunder less broken and more distinct. On the way to the bridge the alder branches stirring softly in the breeze, whispered together in a vague, ghostly fashion. She walked slowly in the same tired fashion until she reached the little white house by the church.
# The Green Bay Tree (Bromfield, Frederick A. Stokes Company, printing 11)/Chapter 76

INSIDE the lodge, Lily left Madame Gigon to the curé. He assured her that she was right. It was impossible for the old woman to live much longer. It would have been useless to have secured a physician even if one had been available.
"She has been dying a long while," said the old man. "I fancy she would prefer not to be hindered in her going."
As Lily closed the door upon the two old friends, she saw M. Dupont kneel down in the lamplight and begin to pray.
Wearily she climbed the narrow winding stairway which led to the upper floor and, finding herself unable to sleep, she went to the window above the gateway and sat down to watch the column of cavalry on its way into battle. The men had been riding for hours and now they rode silently, white with dust, the black plumes of horsehair swaying as the horses moved. It was impossible to distinguish one from another. They were simply black figures, units of a body, mysterious and without personality. There was not even the sound of a voice, nothing but the faint rattle of sabers and the ghostly breathing of the horses. Jean might have been among them . . . even Césaire himself. It was impossible to say. They were each like the other, no longer individuals, now only units, cogs in a vast machine. No one of them counted any longer for anything.
Presently the column came to an end and a battery of artillery, caissons rattling, men upright upon the cartridge boxes, followed in its place. And at last it too passed, swallowed up by the questioning darkness. The silence became unreal, terrifying. From below stairs arose the droning sound of M. Dupont's voice conducting the service that would lead Madame Gigon safely into the world beyond . . . the world beyond. To-night in all the lonely breathless quiet, the world beyond was very near. One might almost enter it simply by closing one's eyes, by stepping through be doorway into the night.
​Lily sat motionless and upright, watching. A second column passed and then a third; and at last, a man riding a black horse whose chest was white with froth turned in at the gateway. He was a man like the others . . . a unit, a being without individuality save that he rode alone a little in the rear of the other horsemen. Under the archway he dismounted from his horse, and in the next moment he performed an act which at once restored to him his identity. He walked directly to the iron ring which hung concealed among the ivy leaves and there fastened the black horse. Thus he betrayed himself. Only one person could have known the exact place where the ring lay hidden among the leaves. There could be no longer any doubt.
When he had fastened the black horse, he stepped out a little way from the house and called softly, "Lily . . . Lily."
# The Green Bay Tree (Bromfield, Frederick A. Stokes Company, printing 11)/Chapter 75

M DUPONT, after collecting those things which are necessary in the administration of the last rites, put on his shovel hat and took up a lantern.
"Come," he said, "we must hurry." And together they set out along the white road, between the whispering alders and over the iron bridge. The lantern swung feebly in his grasp. They walked in complete silence until they reached the terrace when Lily, looking up suddenly, saw that the sky behind the lodge was filled with a cloudy whiteness as if gray smoke were drifting across the sky.
"There is a fire somewhere," she said placing a hand on the arm of her companion.
M. Dupont halted and regarded the sky for a moment, holding his lantern high so that the rays might penetrate the darkness beyond the vine covered lodge.
"It is not smoke," he said suddenly. "It is dust. The cavalry is passing along the road."
And then for the first time the small revealing noises reached Lily's ear . . . the clanking of spurs, the creaking of girths, the muffled sound of hoofs striking the white road, and then the solitary whicker of a horse.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amappal Singh, Rai Bahadur

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​Amappal Singh, Rai Bahadur; Talukdar of Dalippur; claims descent from one Bariar Singh, representing the eldest line of the Bachgoti Rajputs of Patti; the title, held for generations past, was recognised in 1883; his father, an Honorary Assistant Commissioner, was instrumental in saving the lives of many Europeans in the Mutiny; the estate comprises 133 villages and 80 pattis, paying a Government demand of Rs. 85,000 per annum; Vice-Chairman of the District Board and Member, Municipal Board of Partabgarh, also Member of the Executive Committee of the British Indian Association, Oudh. Address: Dalippur, Partabgarh. U.P.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Allan, Henry John

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​Allan, Henry John, M.A.. Bar-at Law; Professor of History, Presidency College, Madras; appointed to service, 1894; joined Indian Educational Service, 1897. Address: Presidency College, Madras.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Allbless, N. D.

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​Allbless, N. D. B.A. (Cantab), LL.B., Bar-at-Law. Educated in Bombay and in Cambridge; called to the Bar (Middle Temple), 1888 and commenced practice first in the Bombay High Court, and then before the Privy Council; elected a Member of the Urban District Council in 1899; retired and was re-elected in 1902; Chairman of the Hampton Division on the Middlesex County Council, 1901; Trustee of the Hampton Grammar School. Address: Hampton Division, Middlesex, England.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amir Ali

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​Amir Ali, B.A., Khan Sahib; Judge, Court of Small Causes, Lahore; ​born, 1866; educated at the Lahore Government-College: served as Professor of that College, then became Extra-Assistant Commissioner and passing through various grades of the service was made Judge of the Court of Small Causes, 1909; title conferred, 1911; Life Member of the Punjab Public Library and Punjab Association and Fellow of the Punjab University. Publications: “Geography of the Punjab”, “General Principles of Taxation”, translation of Fawcett's “Political Economy” into Urdu and some treatises and pamphlets on morals and religion. Address: Lahore.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amar Prakash Bahadur. Raja of Sirmoor

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​Amar Prakash Bahadur. Raja of Sirmoor; born, 1887; educated privately and married to the eldest daughter of the ex-Prime Minister of Nepal, Maharaja Dev Shamsher Jang Bahadur; succeeded to the gaddi, 1911; the relations of this State with the English began in a peculiar way. Karm Prakash II, at one time the ruler of the State, invoked the aid of the Gurkhas to suppress a revolt that had arisen in his State in 1803. In compliance with the demand, the Gurkhas entered his territory, expelled the ruler and became masters of the State themselves. But the ruler of Sirmoor, a lady of courage and resource, invoked British aid and her appeal fortunately coinciding with the time of the Nepal War, a force was sent to expel the Gurkhas from Sirmoor; after the conclusion of the Nepal War, the British Government placed Fateh Prakash, the son of Karm Prakash, on the throne; during the first Afghan War the Raja of Sirmoor aided the British with a loan and in the first Sikh War, a small contingent of Sirmoor forces fought on the side of the English; the present Chief had administrative training during the time of his father; invested with full powers, 1911; the area of the state is 1,108 square miles and its population is 135,689. It enjoys a revenue of Rs. 6,00,000. A military force of 203 Imperial Service Sappers, 235 infantry, 31 cavalry and 4 guns is maintained; entitled to a salute of 11 guns. Recreation: Hockey, Cricket, Tennis and shooting. Address: Sirmoor (Nahan), Punjab.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amar Singh, Rai Sahib

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​Amar Singh, Rai Sahib, born 1853; educated partly in Bengal and partly in the Punjab; entered Government service as Tahsildar 1886; services lent to Bilaspur State in 1903 and since 1909 has been Financial Manager, Keonthal State. Owns a village in Palampur and land in the Jhelum Canal Colony; established a vernacular school and free dispensary in his Jagir; his family is connected with that of H.H. the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir; title, 1908. Address: Keonthal State, Simla District.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amarnath, Rai Saheb

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​Amarnath, Rai Saheb: Chief Minister to H.H. the Maharaja of Kashmir. Born, 1866; Governor of Jammu, 1893-1905; Foreign Minister to the State; Rai Saheb, ​1905; owns 10,000 acres of land in Gujranwala, enjoys a jaghir from Kashmir State; his grandfather Diwan Jinola Sahai, established High Schools, Boarding Houses, Dispensaries etc. at Eminabad. Address: Jammu, Kashmir.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amarsingh Banesingi, Rai Saheb, Raja of Wankaner

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​Amarsingh Banesingi, Rai Saheb, Raja of Wankaner; born, 1879 and succceded, 1881; belongs to the same family as the Rulers of Dhrangadra, etc.; the Chief is also known by the name of Gangubha; educated at the Rajkot College; the State was administered by a Karbhari during his minority; area of State 415 miles, population, about 30,000; revenue ​3 lakhs; tribute paid to the British and to the Nawab of Junagarh; the Nawab is authorised to adopt, succession being according to the law of primogeniture; entitled to a salute of 11 guns. Address: Wankaner, Bombay Presidency.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Ameer Ali, Rt. Hon’ble Sir Syed

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​Ameer Ali, Rt. Hon’ble Sir Syed M.A.B.L., C.I.E., Bar-at-law: P.C. Member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council; born April 6, 1849; son of Syed Saadat Ali of Mohan, Unao, Oudh, of a family originally from Persia; descendant of Muhammad through the Imam Ali-al-Raza, of Mashad; educated at Hughli College, Calcutta; M.A. and B.L. (Cal.); called to the Bar at the Inner Temple, 1873; practised in the High Court, Calcutta; Fellow of the Calcutta University, 1874; Magistrate and Chief Magistrate, Calcutta, 1878-81; Lecturer on Mahommedan Law at Presidency College, Calcutta, 1875-9; President of the Committee of management of the Moslem Endowment, Bengal, 1876-1904; Member of the Commission to inquire into the affairs of the Ex-King of Oudh, 1879; Member of the Calcutta Corporation, 1881-1883; Member of the Bengal Legislative Council, 1878-83; and of the Governor-General’s Legislative Council, 1883-5; Tagore Law Professor, 1884; C.I.E., 1887; Puisne Judge of the Calcutta High Court, 1890-1904; President of the Committee of the Hughli imambara, 1876-1904; founder of the Central National Muhammadan Association, and its Secretary, 1876-90; a strong advocate of English education and of the education of Indian ladies. Publications: A Critical Examination of the Life and Teachings of Mahommed, The spirit of Islam. The Ethics of Islam, A Short History of the Saracens, Personal Law of the Mahommedans, Students’ Handbook of Mahommedan Law, Mahommedan Law, 2 Vols.; joint author of A Commentary on the Indian Evidence Act; and of A Commentary on the Bengal Tenancy Act; has frequently written articles in The Nineteenth Century, and is engaged on a History of Mahommedan Civilization in India; since retirement, settled in England, where, during 1908-9, he took a leading part in the deliberations of the Muslim League and obtained favorable concessions to Musalmans in connection with Indian Council Reforms; made a Privy Councillor and a member of the Judicial Committee, being the first Indian to be appointed to that distinguished body, 1910. Address: The Lambdons, Beenham, Berks. Reform Club.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Amar Singh, Sardar

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​Amar Singh, Sardar; born, 1856; the Sardar's father, Deva Singh, was in the service of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh; he joined the British in the Sikh War and rendered them valuable assistance. When the Punjab Military Police was formed, Deva Singh was chosen to raise and command the 7th Police Battalion at Amritsar; was granted the Star of the Order of British India with the title of Sardar Bahadur and a personal allowance of Rs. 1,200 a year. After the re-organization of the Punjab Police, Deva Singh retired with a pension of Rs. 3,000 a year and a grant of 600 acres of land with perpetual proprietary right; present Sardar was once Secretary to the Local Board of Zira; is a Provincial Durbarri, and zaildar of his ilaka. Address: Mansurwal, Ferozepur.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Khwaja Ghulam-us-Sag Lain

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​Khwaja Ghulam-us-Sag Lain, B.A., LL.B.; b, at Panipat early in the seventies; educ. at Delhi; secured Lord Lansdowne prize for an eassy on the influence of European Civilization in India and its method of work; Took his degree, 1883; Helped the late Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in tranlating English books into Urdu; Protested Mr. Gladstone on the American question and the Indian Mussalmans: LL.B. degree of the Allahabad University, 1895; joined Hyderabad service as Inspector of Schools which he subsequently resigned; was Editor of “Asar-i-Jadid” (the New Era); was appointed Chief Judge of the Marlakatia State in the Punjab. Address: Marlakatia, Punjab, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Khwaja Yusuf Shah, the Hon’ble Mr.

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# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Khimsipur, Rao of; Udit Narayan Singh

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​Khimsipur, Rao of; Udit Narayan Singh; b. 1907; succeeded to title the same year; claims descent from the old Rajas of Khor; the head of this family is the Raja of Rampur (in Etah) and this branch was founded by Udai Chand, who settled in Modha in the Mohammadahad pargana, 1583; Title of ‘Rao’ always borne by the head of the family was recognised, 1801. Address: Khimsipur, Farrukhabad, U.P., India
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Kidar Nath

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​Kider Nath, Rai Sahib; b. 1860; educ: at the Lucknow Canning College; g.s. of late Rai Bahadur Murli Manohar; entered Government service as Commissariat Agent at Lucknow, 1882; accompanied the Chitral Expedition and the Nowshera Field Force, 1895; the Kohat Field Force, 1897; posted to the Punjab Commissariat Department, 1897; Provincial Durbarri; Government Treasurer of the Lucknow Treasury, and proprietor of the firm of Rai Murli Manchur, Rai Kidar Nath, Bankers, Contractors, etc. Address: Lalbagh, Lucknow, U.P., India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Kilkelly, Surgeon Lt.-Col. Charles Randolph

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​Kikelly, Surgeon Lt.-Col. Charles landolph, C.M.G. (1900), M.V.O., J.P., M.B., B.Ch. (Dublin), D.P.H. (London), retired; s. of late Surgeon-General C. E.Kelkelly of Drimcong, Galway; b, 1861; educ; Downside College; Trinity College, Dublin; was a Surgical Travelling Prizeman; Gold Medalist Nat. Sci. Dublin University; was on the Personal Staff of Field Marshall H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught in India; was present with the Egyptian Campaign, 1898 (despatches, 2 medals and clasp): South African War despatches, 2 medals and 3 clasps, C.M.G. 1899-02; Principal Medical Officer Portland and Imperial Yeomanry Hospitals, Transvaal. Publications: Trans. Antiseptic system in Bilroths’ Clinic; Report I.Y. Hospitals, South-Africa. Address: Drimcong, Galway. Clubs: Guards, Royal Automobile.