OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Boult, Swinton

​BOULT, SWINTON (1809–1876), secretary and director of the Liverpool, London, and Globe Insurance Company, commenced life in Liverpool as local agent for insurance offices. In 1836 he founded the Liverpool Fire Office, which, after struggling with many difficulties, became, through Boult's energy, the largest fire insurance office in the world. After the great fires in Liverpool of 1842–3 Boult offered to the merchants of Liverpool opportunities of insuring their merchandise against fire in the various parts of the world where it was lying awaiting transshipment. Agencies, which proved very successful, were gradually opened in various parts of America and Canada, in the Baltic, in the Mediterranean, and afterwards in the East generally, and in Australia. About 1848 the company, on account of the number of its London clients, became known as the Liverpool and London; afterwards, on absorbing the business of the Globe Insurance Company, under the authority of parliament the present title of Liverpool, London, and Globe was assumed. The company now transacts a large business in all the leading mercantile countries of the world, its premiums from fire insurance alone considerably exceeding one million per annum.
Boult was the principal means of introducing ‘tariff rating’ as applied to cotton mills, whereby real improvements in construction are taken into account in determining the premiums; he originated the Liverpool Salvage Committee, did much to secure the passing of the Liverpool Fire Prevention Act, and devised a uniform policy for the tariff fire offices. He made the circuit of the globe in order to render himself familiar with the real nature of the fire risks which his company, in common with other fire offices, was called upon to accept; became managing director of his company, and gave evidence before various parliamentary committees on points affecting the practice of fire insurance, especially before that on fire protection which sat in 1867. He died in 1876, aged 67.
[Walford's Insurance Cyclopædia.]
C. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bouchier, Barton

​BOUCHIER, BARTON (1794–1865), religious writer, born in 1794, was a younger son of the vicar of Epsom, Surrey, the Rev. Jonathan Boucher [q. v.] Barton changed his name from Boucher to Bouchier after 1822. He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford. In 1816 he married Mary, daughter of the Rev. Nathaniel Thornbury, of Avening, Gloucestershire (Gent. Mag. 1866, pp. 431-2). He proceeded B.A. in 1822, and M.A. in 1827. Bouchier at first read for the bar. But he afterwards took holy orders and became curate at Monmouth. A sermon preached by him at Usk in 1822 for the Christian Knowledge Society was published by request. Bouchier held curacies later at Old, Northamptonshire (Gent. Mag. supra), and (before 1834) at Cheam, Surrey, from which place he issued an edition of Bishop Andrewes's 'Prayers.' In 1836 he published 'Prophecy and Fulfilment,' a little book of corresponding texts; and in 1845 'Thomas Bradley,' a story of a poor parishioner, and the first of a series of similar pamphlets describing clerical experiences, collected and published in various editions as 'My Parish,' and 'The Country Pastor,' from 1855 to 1860.
In 1852 Bouchier commenced the publication of his 'Manna in the House,' being expositions of the gospels and the Acts, lasting, with intervals, down to 1858; in 1854 he wrote his 'The Ark in the House,' being family prayers for a month; and in 1855 he wrote his 'Manna in the Heart,' being comments on the Psalms. In 1853 he wrote a 'Letter' to the prime minister (Lord Aberdeen) against opening the Crystal Palace on Sundays, following up this appeal in 1854 by 'The Poor Man's Palace,' &c., a pamphlet addressed to the Crystal Palace directors. In 1856 he published 'Solace in Sickness,' a collection of hymns, and in the same year was made rector of Fonthill Bishop, Wiltshire. He published his 'Farewell Sermon' to his Cheam flock, having preached it on 28 Sept. In 1864 he published 'The History of Isaac.' He died at the rectory 20 Dec. 1865, aged 71. The editorship of 'The Vision,' a humorous illustrated poem on Jonathan Boucher's philological studies, written by Sir F. M. Eden, bart., and published in 1820, has been wrongly attributed to Bouchier.
[Gent. Mag. 4th ser. 1866, i. 431-2; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
J. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bouchier, George

1904 Errata appended.
​BOUCHIER or BOURCHIER, GEORGE (d. 1643), royalist, was a wealthy merchant of Bristol. He entered into a plot with Robert Yeomans, who had been one of the sheriffs of Bristol, and several others, to deliver that city, on 7 March 1642-3, to Prince Rupert, for the service of King Charles I; but the scheme being discovered and frustrated, he was, with Yeomans, after eleven weeks' imprisonment, brought to trial before a council of war. They were both found guilty and hanged in Wine Street, Bristol, on 30 May 1643. In his speech to the populace at the place of execution Bouchier exhorted all those who had set their hands to the plough (meaning the defence of the royal cause) not to be terrified by his and his fellow-prisoner's sufferings into withdrawing their exertions in the king's service. There is a small portrait of Bouchier in the preface to Winstanley's 'Loyall Martyrology,' 1665.
[Clarendon's Hist. of the Rebellion (1843), 389; Lloyd's Memoires (1677), 565; Winstanley's Loyall Martyrology, 5; Granger's Biog. Hist. of England (1824), iii. 110; Barrett's Hist. of Bristol, 227, 228.]
T. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.33 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 4 | ii | 29-34 | Bouchier, George: for Yeomans read Yeamans |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bough, Samuel

​BOUGH, SAMUEL (1822–1878), landscape painter, third child of a shoemaker, originally from Somersetshire, was born at Carlisle on 8 Jan. 1822, and when a boy assisted at his father's craft. Later he was for a short time engaged in the office of the town clerk of Carlisle; but, while still young, abandoned the prospects of a law career, and ​wandered about the country, making sketches in water colour, and associating with gipsies. In the course of his wanderings he visited London several times; first in 1838, when he made some copies in the National Gallery. He was never at any school of art. In 1845 he obtained employment as a scene-painter at Manchester, and was thence taken by the manager, Glover, to Glasgow, where he married Isabella Taylor, a singer at the theatre.
His abilities were recognised by Sir D. Macnee, P.R.S.A., who persuaded him to give up his work at the theatre for landscape painting. He began in 1849 a more earnest study of nature, working at Hamilton, in the neighbouring Cadzow Forest, and at Port Glasgow, where he painted his 'Shipbuilding at Dumbarton.' Among his principal works may be mentioned: 'Canty Bay,' 'The Rocket Cart,' 'St. Monan's,' 'London from Shooter's Hill,' 'Kirkwall,' 'Borrowdale' (engraved in 'Art Journal,' 1871), 'March of the Avenging Army,' 'Bannockburn and the Carse of Stirling,' 'Guildford Bridge.' He supplied landscape illustrations for books published by Messrs. Blackie & Co. and by other publishers; produced a few etchings of no great merit; painted several panoramas; and never entirely gave up the practice of scene-painting.
In 1856 he became an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy, and on 10 Feb. 1875 a full member. For the last twenty years of his life his abode was fixed at Edinburgh, where he died 19 Nov. 1878.
Although Bough at times painted in oil, the majority of his works, and among them his best, are in water colour. His style was much influenced by his practice as a scene-painter, and is characterised by great breadth, freedom, and boldness of execution, with power over atmospheric effects, but with at times some deficiency in the quality of colour. A thorough Bohemian, he concealed under a rough exterior, and an abrupt and sometimes sarcastic manner, a warm heart and a mind cultivated by loving knowledge of some branches of older English literature. He was a great amateur of music, a fair violinist, and the possessor of a fine bass voice. A collection of his works was exhibited at the Glasgow Institute in 1880, and another at Edinburgh in 1884.
[Edinburgh Courant, November 1878; Scotsman, November 1878; Mr. R. L. Stevenson in Academy, 30 Nov. 1878; Academy, 5 July 1884; Art Journal, January 1879.]
W. H-h.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bouchery, Weyman

​BOUCHERY, WEYMAN (1683–1712), Latin poet, son of Arnold Bouchery, one of the ministers of the Walloon congregation at Canterbury, was born in that city in 1683, and educated in the King's School there and at Jesus College, Cambridge (B.A. 1702, M.A. 1706). It is said that at the time he graduated M.A. he had migrated to Emmanuel College, but the circumstance is not recorded in the 'Cantabrigienses Graduati.' He became rector of Little Blakenham in Suffolk in 1709, and died at Ipswich on 24 March 1712. A mural tablet to his memory was erected in the church of St. George, Canterbury, by his son, Gilbert Bouchery, vicar of Swaffham, Norfolk. He published an elegant Latin poem—'Hymnus Sacer: sive Paraphrasis in Deboræ et Baraci Canticum, Alcaico carmine expressa, e libri Judicum cap. v.,' Cambridge, typis academicis, 1706, 4to.
[Addit. MS. 5864, f. 9b, 19084, ff. 113, 114b; Cantabrigienses Graduati (1787), 46; Hasted's Kent, iv. 469 n.]
T. C.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3074

3074.
( 3074 )
Dendrobium speciosum. Great Dendrobium.
Class and Order.
Gynandria Monandria.
(Nat. Ord.—Orchidaceæ.)
Generic Character.
Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus unguiformis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar æmulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallelæ. Br.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. Stem a foot or more high, somewhat swollen, bulbiform, striated, jointed, sheathed with pale membranaceous scales, terminated by three large, coriaceous, oval-oblong, obtuse leaves, dark green above, paler beneath, obscurely striated, eight to nine inches long. From the centre of these, and from the extremity of the stem, arises the pedunculated raceme, a foot and a half long: its peduncle sheathed with large scales or bracteæ. Flowers resupinate, numerous, of an uniform, pale yellow colour, (except the lip,) deeper towards the extremity, generally secund when most expanded, though the buds point in various directions, scentless. Petals narrow-oblong, nearly equal, except that the two upper ones which cover the lip are
​somewhat falcate, and are swollen at the base where they receive the base of the lip, all of the erect, never spreading. Lip almost white, within spotted with purple, oblong, erect, the sides incurved, and a little waved, three-lobed, the middle or terminal lobe the largest, broad and retuse. Column short, white, plane in front, and then spotted with purple below the stigma. Anther white, hemisphærical, attached to the back of the top of the columns. Pollen-Masses yellow.
Dendrobium speciosum is a New Holland plant, that has long been cultivated in our stoves; but which, as far as I am aware, has rarely produced blossoms. In the present season, (Jan. 1831,) a noble flowering specimen was communicated to me, from the Liverpool Botanic Garden, by the Messrs. Shepherds. The plant was named by Sir James E. Smith in his Exotic Botany, where a figure likewise is given, but so unlike our present one, that the two plants scarcely appear to be the same. Yet I believe they are identical, and that the difference arises from the artist of Sir James E. Smith figure (which was done in New Holland,) not being skilled in Botanical drawing. The flowers are greatly larger than in our plant, the gibbous or spur-like base, essential to the Genus Dendrobium, is omitted, and the petals are widely patent. The plant from which our figure is taken was sent by Mr. Fraser to our Liverpool Garden. A drawing has likewise been obligingly communicated to me, by W. T. Aiton, Esq., from the Royal Gardens at Kew.
Fig. 1. Flower, slightly magnified/ 2. Columns or Lip, the latter forced back to show more of the former. 3. Front view of the Column. 4. Interior view of the Lip. 5. Pollen-Masses–All more or less magnified.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3085

3085.
( 3085 )
Pterostylis nutans. Nodding-flowered Pterostylis.
Class and Order.
Gynandria Monandria.
(Nat. Ord.—Orchideæ.)
Generic Character.
Perianthium ringeus, tetraphyllum, foliolo inferiore bifido, (e duobus infra cohærentibus conflato.) Labellum unguiculatum, subinclusum. Lamina basi appendicaluta v. gibbosa. Ungue infra labio inferiore connato. Columna basi galca connata, apice alata. Anthera terminalis, persistens, loculis approximatis. Massæ Pollinis in singulo loculo binæ, compressæ, pulvereæ. Stigma medio columnæ adnatum. Br.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. Leaves radical, spreading in a stellated manner, oval, rather acute,membranous, striated, reticulated, tapering into a short petiole. Scape erect, scarcely a span high, erect, glabrous, with about two foliaceous, sheathing bracteas, and terminated by a solitary, nodding flower: the three upper segments of the flower are approximate so as to
​form a helmet, very convex, gibbous at the base, acuminate at the extremity, greenish-white, striated. Lower segment (of two combined segments) small in proportion to the rest of the flower, green, with two lanceolato-subulate lacinæ. Labellum linear-attenuated, downy, rather thickened and obtuse at the extremity. Column green, with two broad, white wings towards the extremity. Germen clavate, furrowed.
Introduced to the Royal Gardens at Kew from New Holland, in the year 1826. The drawing was made from an excellent flowering specimen, in September, 1828, and obligingly commenicated to Mr. Aiton.
In the direction the flower, and in the shape of the labellum, this species is altogether different from the P. curta, figured in our next plate.
Fig. 1. Back view of a Flower, nat. size. 2. Labellum, with its penicelated appendage. 3. Front view of the Column:–all but fig. 1. magnified.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3075

3075.
( 3075 )
Lobelia hypocrateriformis. Salver-shaped Lobelia.
Class and Order.
Pentandria Mongynia.
(Nat. Ord.—Lobeliaceæ.)
Generic Character.
Cor. tubo hinc fisso (raro integro); limbo 5-partito. Antheræ connate. Stigma bilobum, (nunc indivsum.) Capsula bilocularis, (raro 3-locularis,) apice supero bivalvi. Br.
Div. Isotoma. Br. Cor. hypocrateriformis, tubo integro, limbo parum inæquali. Antheræ imberbes (2 inferiores mucronatæ.) Flores racemosi.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. A slender, scarcely branched, annual plant. Stems erect, glabrous, asis every part, wavy, rounded. Leaves scattered, remote, linear-filiform, from half to three quarters of an inch long, spreading, or often recurved, obtuse, entire, pale green, gradually becoming smaller upwards, and passing in bracteæ. Raceme terminal, few-flowered. Pedicals slender, wavy, much longer than the linear bracteæ. Calyx superior, of five linear-subulate, closely packed teeth. Corolla truly hypocrateriform; the tube slender twice or thrice as long as the calyx, entire, almost white: the limb five-partite, somewhat two-lipped, the segments broadly obovato-cuneate, submucronate,
​purple, with a small red spot at the base, the two upper ones rather the smallest, approximate, as are the three lower, of which the middle segment is the largest of all. Filaments white. Anthers oblong, bluish-purple. Germen obovate, furrowed, glabrous: Style a little exceeding the stamens: Stigma two-lobed.
This interesting little plant is a native of the Southern shores of New Holland, where it was discovered by Mr. Brown, and described by that learned author as the type of division of Lobelia which he calls Isotoma. Seeds were sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, by Mr. C. Fraser, and the plants blossomed in the greenhouse during the month of September, 1830.
We possess native specimens, gathered at King George's Sound, which are larger than the plant here figured.
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Anthers and Stigma:–magnified.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3053

3053.
( 3053 )
Hovea pannosa. Rusty Hovea.
Class and Order.
Diadelphia Decandria.
(Nat. Ord.—Leguminosæ.)
Generic Character.
Cal. bilabiatus, labio super. semibifido, lato, retuso, inf. tripartito. Carina obtusa. Stam. omnia connexa, aut decimo superne plus minus libero. Legumen sessile, subrotundum, ventricosum, despermum. Semina strophiolata. D C.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. Stem erect, rigid, branched, branches clothed with a dense, ferruginous tomentum. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, entire, glabrous, dark green and smooth above, with a depressed midrib, below clothed with a dense rusty-coloured down, and marked with a prominent midrib. At the base is a short, downy, petiole; at the point a small tuft of hairs. Stipules linear, very downy. Flowers produced in axils of the leaves, two or three from each of the upper leaves, on downy, short stalks, with a linear-subulate bractea at their base. Calyx very downy, and rusty coloured, two lipped; upper lip arched, obtuse, bifid, lower of three linear segments. Standard of the corolla broad, purple, with a broad, obcordate, pale spot just above
​the unguis, surrounded by a deep purple-coloured ring. Alæ short, convex, deep purple. Carina minute, purple, included in, and concealed by the Alæ. Stamens all combined, the tube cleft above. Anther yellow. Pistil concealed by the tube of the stamens. Germen oblongo-ovate, hairy: Style about equal to it in length: Stigma capitate. Legumen oblong, ventricose, very downy, tipped with the style, much longer the calyx.
Hovea pannosa, thus named by its indefatigable discoverer, Mr Allan Cunningham, is a native of Mount Stirling, in the country northward from Bathurst, in the interior of New South Wales, and was raised at the Royal Gardens of Kew from seeds, sent in 1823. Mr Aiton obligingly communicated specimens and the drawing here figured, during the last summer (1830). It is a very elegant and ornamental species, its blossoms being beautifully coloured, the upper sides of the leaves glossy green, sometimes transversely wrinkled, the underside and the branches thickly covered with a ferruginous tomentum. It approaches to H. linearis, but that species has much narrower leaves and smaller and pale-coloured flowers.
Fig. 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3.3. Alæ. 4. Carina. 5. Stamens, including the Pistil. 6. Pistil. 7. Legumen:–Magnified.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3052

( 3052 )
Banksia speciosa. Handsome Banksia.
Class and Order.
Tetandria Monogynia.
( Nat. Ord. - Proteaceæ. )
Generic Character.
Cal. quadripartitus (raro quadrifidus.) Stamina. apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Squamulæ hypogynæ 4. Ovarium biloculare, loculis monospermis. Folliculus bilocularis, ligneus: diseppimento libero, bifido. Amentum flosculorum paribus tribracteatis. Br.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. Trunk erect, branched: branches spreading, towards their extremities densely covered with snowy tomentum. Leaves (a foot and a half long, an inch and a half broad) scattered, linear, attenuated at the base, and very slightly so at the apex, truncated, pinnatifid, nerved and reticulated, covered on both sides when young, with short, dense, white tomentum, which is beatifully snowy below, when old, naked, bright green and shining above; segments alternate, triangular, ovate along their upper edge, mucronate, the mucro projecting forwards. Spike (four inches and a half long, three inches and a half broad to the
This very handsome species produced a fine head of flowers in the greenhouse of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, in October, 1830, the plant being above five feet high. Graham.
Fig. 1. Pair of Flowers. 2. Three Bracteas from their base. - Magnified.
# Curtis's Botanical Magazine/Volume 58/3063

Dryandra nervosa is now a synonym for Banksia allicea
( 3063 )
Dryandra nervosa. Nerve-leaved Dryandra.
Class and Order.
Tetandria Monogynia.
(Nat. Ord.––Proteaceæ)
Generic Character.
Perianthum. quadripartitum vel quadrifidum. Stamina. apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Squamulæ hypogynæ 4. Ovarium biloculare, loculis monospermis. Folliculus ligneus: diseppimento libero, bifido. Receptaculum commune planum, floribus indeterminatim confertis; paleis angustis, raro nullis. Involucrum commune imbricatum. Br.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Descr. A small shrub, about two feet high, with downy, stout tortuose branches. Leaves nearly a foot long, including the petiole, deeply pinnatifid, coriaceous, dark green above, clothed with rusty down beneath, the segments one to two inches long, broadly linear, dilated at the base, acute at the point, marked with three to four parallel
The present is one of the many Australian Proteaceæ for which our collections are indebted to Mr. Mackay of the Clapham Nursery; and by him plants were communicated to the Liverpool Botanic Garden, where the flowering specimen here figured was produced in September, 1830. It is a native of the South coast of New Holland, whence the seeds were procured by Mr. Baxter. It is a plant of considerable beauty, and of much variety of colouring.
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Segment of the Perianth, with its Stamen. 3. Pistil.–Magnified.
# The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift/Volume 2/A Tale of a Tub

* Treatises written by the same Author, which will be speedily published
* Dedication
* The Bookseller to the Reader
* The Epistle Dedicatory
* The Preface
* Sect. I. The Introduction
* II. Tale of a Tub
* III. A Digression concerning Criticks
* IV. The Tale continued
* V. A Digression in the Modern Kind
* VI. The Tale continued
* VII. A Digression in Praise of Digressions
* VIII. The Tale continued
* IX. A Digression concerning Madness
* X. A farther Digression
* XI. The Tale continued
* The Conclusion
# The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift/Volume 2/A Tale of a Tub, &c.

A
TALE OF A TUB.
WRITTEN FOR THE
UNIVERSAL IMPROVEMENT
OF
MANKIND.
Diu multumque desideratim.
TO WHICH IS ADDED,
An Account of a Battle between the Ancient
and Modern Books in St. James's Library.
—— Juvatque novos decerpere flores, Insignemque meo capiti petere inde coronam, Unde prius nulli velarunt tempora Musæ.Lucret.
WITH THE AUTHOR'S APOLOGY;
AND
Explanatory Notes, by W. Wotton, B.D, and Others.
* Advertisement
* Analytical Table
* The Author's Apology
* Postscript
* Treatises written by the same Author, which will be speedily published
* Dedication
* The Bookseller to the Reader
* The Epistle Dedicatory
* The Preface
* Section 1
* Section 2
* Section 3
* Section 4
* Section 5
* Section 6
* Section 7
* Section 8
* Section 9
* Section 10
* Section 11
* The Conclusion
# Thom's Irish Who's Who/Brown, His Honor Judge William Herbert

​BROWN, His Honor Judge William Herbert, K.C, County Court Judge and Chairman of Quarter Sessions for the Cog. of Cavan and Leitrim; J.P., Co. Londonderry; B.Sc. (Lond.); M.A., LL.B. (R.U.I.). Educ.: Coleraine Academical Institution, Queen's Colleges, Galway and Belfast; second son of the late Rev. Nathaniel M. Brown, D.D., LL.D., of Limavady, Co. Londonderry; First Classical Exhibitioner and second Science scholar; first Law scholar; senior Natural Philosophy scholar; Peel Exhibitioner (Q.U.I.); first Honorman (R.U.I.); King's Inns Exhibitioner, 1886. Called to the Bar, 1887; Crown Prosecutor, Co. Louth, 1896-1903; Co. Down, 1903-1914; Counsel to Post Office, N.E. Circuit, 1912-1914. Additional Revising Barrister, Borough of Cork, 1896-1905; County of Dublin, 1912-1913; Borough of Dublin, 1909-1911. K.C, 1911. Appointed Judge and Chairman of Quarter Sessions, Cavan and Leitrim, 1914. Contested N. Derry (L.), General Election, 1910. Res.: Glenfern, Blackrock, Co. Dublin.