OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Niel, Frédéric Guillaume Amédée Ferdinand

Edition of 1900. No confirmation of this person's existence outside of Appletons' and derived sources has as yet been located, but there is also no verifiable source which states the person is one of Appletons' fictitious entries. Use this information with extra caution.
​NIEL, Frédéric Guillaume Amédée Ferdinand (neel), West Indian geographer, b. near Saint Pierre, Martinique, in 1729; d. in Versailles in 1791. He entered the colonial administration and held several offices. In 1761 he undertook a survey of Martinique, and he was afterward sent on several missions to Santo Domingo, Guadeloupe, and South America. He was appointed in 1782 assistant librarian of the city of Versailles, but resigned in 1790, and, returning to Martinique, was chosen delegate to the constituent assembly. He was one of the founders in Paris of the club “Les amis des noirs,” and, although opposed to a general emancipation of the slaves, advocated a policy of gradual enfranchisement, and published several pamphlets in support of his ideas. Among his works are “Description de la côte orientale de l'île de la Martinique” (Paris, 1763); “Atlas pour servir aux marins qui prennent le débouquement de Saint Domingue” (1770); “Le flux et le reflux de la mer sur les côtes de l'île Sainte Catherine” (1772); “Atlas de la côte du Maranhão” (1775); “De l'esclavage aux Antilles” (1790); “La question des esclaves” (1791); “Des droits du nègres” (1791); and “L'esclave peut-il devenir un bon citoyen?” (1791).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Niemeyer, Conrade Jacob de

Edition of 1900.
​NIEMEYER, Conrade Jacob de (ne-mire), Brazilian engineer, b. in Lisbon, Portugal, 28 Oct., 1788; d. in Rio Janeiro in 1862. He entered the regiment of artillery at Lisbon as a cadet in February, 1803, but in 1833 obtained his retirement with the rank of colonel and gave himself entirely to geographical studies. In 1846 Niemeyer published and dedicated to the Historical and geographical society of Rio Janeiro, of which he had been a member since 1839, his “General Chart of the Empire,” which gained him the diploma of honorary fellow of that society and of the Geographical society of Berlin. In 1856 he was charged with preparing a chorographic chart of the empire, and, notwithstanding his advanced age, he finished his difficult task to the full satisfaction of the provincial governments. The chart was published in Rio Janeiro in 1860.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Neé, Isidore Charles Sigismond

Edition of 1900. This is a fictitious person. The name is a partial combination of those of botanists Carl Sigismund Kunth and Louis Née. There are also style errors in the titles of three of the four alleged literary works.
​NEÉ, Isidore Charles Sigismond (nay), West Indian botanist, b. in St. Martin, W. I., in 1784; d. in Paris, France, in 1837. He received his education in New Orleans, returned in 1808 to the West Indies, and in the spring of 1810 went to South America. After visiting Guiana and the important cities of Brazil, he sailed for Lima, explored the Andes, and ascended the volcanoes Pichincha and Chimborazo. In 1814 he went to Mexico, where he sojourned several years, devoting his time to researches in libraries. He then settled in France and published “Flora Mexicana, seu genera et species plantarum quæ in Mexico Crescent” (2 vols., Paris, 1827); “Les volcans des Andes de l'Equateur; une ascension du Pichincha et du Chimborazo” (1829); “Mémoire sur les hiéroglyphes Mexicains” (1830); and “Études sur l'analogie de l'écriture cunique et des hiéroglyphes Egyptiens et Mexicains” (1832).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nicolay, John George

Edition of 1900.
​NICOLAY, John George, author, b. in Essingen, Bavaria, 26 Feb., 1832. He came to the United States with his father in 1838, lived for some time in Cincinnati, where he attended the public schools, and then moved to Illinois. At the age of sixteen he entered the office of the “Pike County Free Press” in Pittsfield, and before he came of age he was proprietor and editor of the paper. He went to Springfield in 1857 as an assistant to the secretary of state, and remained there until Abraham Lincoln was nominated for the presidency, when he became his secretary. After the election he was appointed private secretary to the president, and served in that capacity until Mr. Lincoln's death. From 1865 till 1869 he was U. S. consul at Paris, and on his return he edited for a time the Chicago “Republican.” He was marshal of the U. S. supreme court from 1872 till 1887. He is the author, in collaboration with John Hay, of the “Life of Abraham Lincoln,” now (1888) in course of publication in the “Century Magazine.” He has also published “The Outbreak of Rebellion,” in “Campaigns of the Civil War” (New York, 1881).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nieto, José Apolinario

Edition of 1900.
​NIETO, José Apolinario (nyay'-to), Mexican naturalist, b. in San Miguel, Hiloxochitlan, in 1810; d. in Cordova, 21 Dec., 1873. At the age of nine years he lost his father, and, being left in great poverty, he learned the trade of a tailor. He obtained the protection of a gentleman of Orizaba, Jose Maria Aguilar, who employed him in his house and gave him opportunity to continue his studies. At that time the French naturalist, Alexandre Leseur, arrived in Orizaba, commissioned to form a Mexican entomological collection. Nieto aided Leseur in his work, and very soon acquired a knowledge of the French language. After several years he obtained the whole confidence of his protector, who at his death confided to Nieto the administration of his property. In 1838 Nieto moved his residence to Cordova, where he bought a country-seat, tried to acclimatize the silk-worm, and fostered the cultivation of mulberry-trees. In 1845 he returned to Orizaba and there propagated the cinchona-tree, which has since become common in the republic. He contributed to the establishment of the railroad and the telegraph lines that unite the state of Vera Cruz with the capital. Notwithstanding that he was deprived by an accident in 1850 of part of his physical faculties, he continued his scientific work, and contributed to “La Naturaleza,” the paper of the Mexican society of natural history. He was an honorary member of many scientific societies in Europe and America.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Niebuhr, Sigismund

Edition of 1900. No confirmation of this person's existence outside of Appletons' and derived sources has as yet been located, but there is also no verifiable source which states the person is one of Appletons' fictitious entries. Use this information with extra caution. He has a line on p. 1782 of v. 25 of Encyclopaedia Britannica of 1893, but I suspect this just derives from Appletons'. Suspicious due to a spelling error in the title of his alleged literary work.
​NIEBUHR, Sigismund (ne-boor), German navigator, b. in Neu-Breisach in 1631; d. in Amsterdam in 1699. He entered the service of the states-general of Holland, and in 1675 was sent to South America on a voyage of exploration. After stopping at Rio Janeiro, he sailed along the coast to the Strait of Lemaire, made soundings to ascertain the depth of the ocean, and prepared a chart that afterward proved valuable. He was shipwrecked in a storm off Los Reyes island, but built there a new ship and determined the exact location of Los Bajos de Esteban, which had hitherto been disastrous to navigators. He located also on his chart several dangerous rocks, and, landing in Tierra del Fuego, had friendly intercourse with the natives, persuading two of them to accompany him to Holland. During the voyage he was obliged to put into Guiana for repairs, and he entered the Zuyder Zee in October, 1677. His narrative was published under the title “Reisebeschryving in de Straat van Lemaire, tot Kaap Hoorn, en langs de kust van Brazilie, on der nomen door de Loods Niebuhr in dienst van de Edele Heren der General Staten” (Amsterdam, 1678).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Niemcewicz, Julian Ursin, Count

Edition of 1900.
​NIEMCEWICZ, Julian Ursin, Count (ne-em-tsay'-vitch), Polish statesman, b. in Skoki, Lithuania, Poland, in 1757; d. in Paris, France, 21 May, 1841. He was of noble birth, entered the Lithuanian army as the adjutant of Prince Czartoryski, and in 1788 was promoted major. Being appointed a deputy to the Polish constitutional diet, he had the principal share in drawing up the constitution of 3 May, 1791, and about the same time became an editor of a popular journal called “Gazeta Narodowa.” After the battle of Maciejowice he was made prisoner with Kosciusko, and confined in the fortress of St. Petersburg, from which they were released on the accession of Paul in 1796. The following year he accompanied Kosciusko to this country. His handsome person, his culture, and his captivating manners at once made him a favorite in society in New York city, where he was the frequent guest of John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and other eminent men. In 1800 he married Mrs. Livingston Kean, the widow of John Kean (q. v.), a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental congress, who died in 1795. Mrs. Kean had purchased Liberty Hall, the country-seat of her uncle, Gov. William Livingston, and after her
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nichols, William Ripley

Edition of 1888.
​NICHOLS, William Ripley, chemist, b. in Boston, Mass., 30 April, 1847; d. in Hamburg, Germany, 14 July, 1886. He was graduated at Massachusetts institute of technology in 1869, where he taught during his senior year, and was afterward instructor and assistant professor until 1872, when he was elected professor of general chemistry, which chair he retained until his death. Prof. Nichols was a member of the German chemical society, of the American academy of arts and sciences, and the American association for the advancement of science, of which he was vice-president in 1885, delivering before the section on chemistry a retiring address on "Chemistry in the Service of Public Health." He was recognized as an authority on most of the branches of chemistry that relate to sanitation, and among his researches, at the request of the Massachusetts board of health, was a valuable series on the ventilation of railway-trains, particularly the effects of the atmosphere of smoking-cars. Prof. Nichols's specialty was potable water, and he published numerous papers on the water-supplies of cities. He was devoted to the interests of the Institute of technology, and compiled a record of the "Publications of its Officers, Students, and Alumni," in which may be found a complete list of his own papers down to 1882. Besides his scientific papers he published in book-form "An Elementary Manual of Chemistry," abridged from Eliot and Storer's manual, with the cooperation of the authors (New York, 1872); a "Compendious Manual of Qualitative Analysis," by Charles W. Eliot and Frank H. Storer (1872), this and subsequent editions being revised by him; "Water Supply, mainly from a Chemical and Sanitary Standpoint" (1883); and, with Lewis M. Norton, "Experiments in General Chemistry" (printed privately, Boston, 1884).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Niemeyer, John Henry

Edition of 1900.
​NIEMEYER, John Henry (ne-mire), artist, b. in Bremen, Germany, 25 June, 1839. He came to the United States in 1846, residing in Cincinnati, and studied in Paris in 1866-'70 under Jean Léon Gérôme and Adolphe Yvon at the École des beaux arts, in the studio of Louis Jacquesson de la Chevreuse, and also, for some time, in that of Sebastian Cornu. He received three medals in the government schools of Paris. After his studies in Europe he was appointed in 1871 professor of drawing in the Yale school of fine arts. He has painted various genre pictures and portraits, among the best of which are “Gutenberg inventing Movable Type” (1862); a portrait of Theodore D. Woolsey (1876); “The Braid,” “Where?” “Why?” (1880); and “Sancta Simplicitas” (1882). He has also executed some bas-reliefs, among them a large medallion portrait of William M. Hunt (1883) and “Lilith tempting Eve” (1883).
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Earth's Messiahs

EARTH'S MESSIAHS.
At how rare intervals across the years, Fall'n by some miracle upon the earth, By some divine miscarriage brought to birth With their conspiring fellows,—there appears A great man full of pity and of wrath, To stoop above the awful holocausts Of blundering mortals, the iconoclasts Of hearts, and show what grace compassion hath!
Ay, they would seem of a diviner race, Ay, they would seem of a clairvoyant breed, Breasting the shocks of passion without heed, Led by some higher certitude they trace Their way impatiently across the dark, And tread with confidence the blank unknown, Creating footing there where path is none, Leading men surely towards an unseen mark.
When shall we see their like on earth again, Blown like the seed of some celestial flower By tempests from the very skirts of Power Across the interplanetary main; Living and loving air and light and sod, Finding in the dark universe a home, Transfiguring all they touch where'er they roam, And hearing close at hand the warm heartbeat of God?
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Connecticut Hall

CONNECTICUT HALL.
Across cross the past's inviolable pale, This loan, this freehold in antiquity, Opens the portals of the old-time Yale, Admits us to a vanished century, Where we may live again the austere youth And epic early hours of our land, And pace the ancient yard with our uncouth But Spartan-souled forefathers, hand in hand. ... That past shall sway the future and devour These lean years cursed by avarice and decay; Ay, from these very rooms went out the flower Of a renewed New England yesterday To a new Revolution, still the power Of stern colonial ire to display.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Forêt de Soignes (Brussels)

FORÊT DE SOIGNES. BRUSSELS.
R estoring death! bear here on rescuing wings Earth's outraged Lears and pain-tranced saints to pace Where lost in revery, with uplifted face Musing in pity on the former things, They may find soft oblivion for the stings And hurts of earth, and pausing win new grace Of convalescence e'er they join that race That has ta'en rapture for its sufferings. I see them strolling down yon lofty aisles, Stirring the old-gold of the leaves of fall By pillared beeches, tarnished, blue, and tall, And splashed with argent sunlight, where at last, While this one weeps and that one sadly smiles, They learn compassion for the atrocious past.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Interlude

INTERLUDE.
Comrades, we bring this chapter to a close, This long parenthesis of cosmic strife, This interlude, touched with the grandiose, Set in the uneventful tale of life.
For then this human swathe, this bandaging That muffles us from the sublime was nigh Threadbare with taking part in, witnessing Too proximately God's grand strategy.
There we marched out on haunted battle-ground, There smelled the strife of gods, were brushed against By higher beings, and were wrapped around With passions not of earth, all dimly sensed.
There saw we dæmons fighting in the sky And battles in aerial mirage, The feverish Véry lights proclaimed them by, Their tramplings woke our panting, fierce barrage.
Their tide of battle, hither, thither driven, Filled earth and sky with cataclysmic throes, Our strife was but the mimicry of heaven's And we the shadows of celestial foes.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Buried Abroad

BURIED ABROAD.
Wide roll the waves between us and our dead And silence muffles every questing cry, A world of traffic thwarts each yearning sped, Empires of sun and shadow sundering lie. Islanded in a radiance of the past, Sunk in the deepening flood-tide of the days, Wrenched from our care, where they were anchored fast, By the ancient harsh oblivion of the race; Yet what a cast of faith to leave them there! There where their very flags are mocked and furled, There where their very graves mayhap are spurned; Ay, what a throw against the great despair! Cast out this ransom with a betraying world— The centuries will see them both returned.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/In Him We Live

"IN HIM WE LIVE."
A thousand fathoms deep our life is plunged In an exceeding plenitude of grace, Its folly and its wretchedness expunged, Its pity hallowed in Love's vast embrace.
Compassion like a flooding river brims Along the canyon of the squalid street Ample to lave and heal; and glory rims The city skyline where dim pinions beat;
And pity like a tide engulfs the foes Working each other havoc in the fray, At worst the folly of children unto those To whom a thousand years is as a day.
Transfixed with grief, the amazement of a god, Love stares in stupor at the holocaust Of famine, where upon the frozen sod A marred lot from the potter's wheel is tossed;
Divining though a million lives are scrapped And flung to rot like carrion on the plain, Yet human life is islanded and lapped In tides of quiet that transcend all pain.
Love, that fanatic treasurer of hearts Who prizes our beloved past our conceit, Though circumstance converge on them his darts, Shall shield their spirits in his close retreat.
There is a tenderness that bathes the world, A peace that shelters terror in its skirt And where the blind world's thunderbolts are hurled, Guards lest one hair of these dear heads be hurt.
​The night is holy with an unseen Guest, And with an august Lover sacrosanct, Who stoops in care above the world's unrest, Whose shining troop in host on host is ranked.
His condescension makes the night air sweet, And music like a gust of fragrance blown About our pain from unknown worlds does beat Its strain of exultation in our own.
The authentic hope of which man grows aware Reflects itself upon the sunset bars, Man lends his pity to the midnight air And presses his compassion on the stars.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Boanerges

"BOANERGES."
We are but dreamers in the womb of time, Impinged on through the play of circumstance By outer majesties, and in the dance Of hours and life's illusory pantomime Shadowed and brooded o'er by the sublime; Blind fæti nourished through the world of chance, Our matrix and our prison, we advance From dream to dream as all flesh since its prime. Yet we who sensed the exaltations of war Enveloped in the Æschylean mood From moon to moon, who knew the immanence Of unnamed powers, are returned therefore Children of storm, an earthquake-fostered brood, Dowered within the womb of great events.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Bruges. 1921

BRUGES. 1921
I saw Bruges in her latter watch, serene And conscious of the golden hours gone, I saw Bruges waiting on her latter dawn Abiding her eclipse with stately mien; She bows above the dark streets like a queen In august shadows, towering and withdrawn, And speaks of glory in the carillons, Routing oblivion with their antique pæan. Her heartbeat trembles in the very flint, The time-washed stones her inner impulse own, The star-cleansed pinnacles are lucent grown Touched to still, unconsuming fire by dint Of time's slow conflagration that transmutes To mist and flame the gross earth of the brutes.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Bruges. New Year's

BRUGES. NEW YEAR'S.
Above the shadowed centuries, the chimes! The carillons above the wretched years, Patiently, like the music of the spheres, Outwearing strife, evoking gentler times.
The carillons above the wretched years, Above the squalid roofs, the unearthly choir, The choral hours showering high desire On men's dull hearts, dark vision, and deaf ears.
Above the squalid roofs, the unearthly choir, Above the world-old torpor of earth's sons, Drowning the old, old clamour of the guns, The choral hours sowing divine fire.
Above the world-old torpor of earth's sons, Above the shadowed centuries, the chimes! Outwearing strife, evoking gentler times, Foretelling rapture to God's little ones.
# Battle-Retrospect, and Other Poems/Bruges. The Dying Past

BRUGES. THE DYING PAST.
I stand amazed to think the days Will come when Bruges shall be no more; That those who follow us will gaze On vacant skies where we adore Majestic silhouettes that war Or time's caress shall raze.
It gives me pause to think the laws Of death are of such adamant That towers that win high heaven's applause And pinnacles where angels chant And stones that guard an age extant Perish like sticks and straws.
O could the frail past glass its form Forever in our revery, And tremble, clear and uniform, In the canals of fantasy In limpid immortality That knows nor shock nor storm!
O could the bell of Notre Dame Toll down the future like a gong Whose golden tremors slow and calm Circle like waves! Could we prolong In the unthreatened bronze of song The belfry's strident psalm!
O could the grand past set its seal Upon our hearts before it die! O could it grave its dim ideal Forever in man's memory That when its shrines in ruin lie Song might its grace reveal!
# Appointment of Iredell

2 U.S. (2 Dallas) 400 (1790)
​ The court being met, a commission appointing James Iredell one of the Justices, bearing date the 10th of February, 1790, was read; and he was qualified according to law.
The court adjourned, sine die.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Appointment of Johnson

2 U.S. (2 Dallas) 402 (1792)
​ The court being met, a commission, appointing Thomas Johnson one of the Justices, bearing date the 7th of November, 1791, was read; and he was qualified according to law.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse