OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Arminta Victoria Scott Haensler

​HAENSLER, Mrs. Arminta Victoria Scott, physician, born in Kinsman, Ohio, 27th July, 1842. Her maiden name was Scott, and her parents were of Scotch-American extraction. Her father, a teacher, married one of his pupils. Of this union Mrs. Haensler is the third child. She had more trials during her childhood than at any time since, owing to her parents' belief in and practice of "good wholesome restraint" and her own intense dislike of being curbed or controlled. She became converted in her eleventh year, and then earnestly began to control herself. At that early age she showed a quick mind, an excellent memory and fine mathematical powers. She entered Kinsman Academy at fourteen years of age, doing domestic service in the family of a Presbyterian minister for her board. She made rapid progress in study and began to teach when she was eighteen years old. Her attention was turned to medicine by reading a newspaper article concerning Elizabeth Blackwell and her trials in securing a medical education. Miss Scott then determined to be a physician in some large city, and thenceforth all her energies were spent in earning the money and preparing herself for the medical profession. She taught for six years. At the age of twenty-four she entered Farmington Seminary, and a year later she went to Oberlin College. There she helped in household work as an equivalent for her board. After some months she went to the Ladies' Hall, where, during the rest of the course, she taught both private pupils and college classes. As soon as she had earned the degree of A.B., she received the offer of an excellent position, not only as teacher, but as reviewer, editor and reporter. She was true to her aim and entered the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, from which, in 1875, she received the degree of M.D. Since then Dr. Scott has practiced in Philadelphia and at different times has held the positions of resident physician of the Mission Hospital, gynæcologist to the Stockton Sanitarium, consulting gynæcologist to the Pennsylvania Asylum for the Insane, consulting physician to the Woman's Christian Association, lecturer to the Woman's Christian Association, lecturer to the ​Working Women's Club, member of the Phtladelphia Clinical Society, member of the Philadelphia Electro-Therapeutic Society, member of the Alumni Association of the Woman's Medical College of ARMINTA VICTORIA SCOTT HAENSLER. Pennsylvania, resident physician to the Franklin Reformatory Home for Women, physician to the Hospital and Dispensary for Women and Children, and lecturer before the National Woman's Health Association of America. Dr. Scott is the author of a lecture on Alaska, which country is among the many she has visited, and is the author of several articles on medical topics. On 13th November, 1890, she became the wife of Franz Joseph Haensler, M.D.. of Philadelphia.
# Woman of the Century/Antoinette Sterling

​STERLING, Mme. Antoinette, singer, was born in Sterlingville. Jefferson county, N. Y. She is the daughter of James Sterling, who is descended from old English stock. The first member of the family to come to the Colonies was William Bradford, who came in the Mayflower. ANTOINETTE STERLING. At an early age she showed talent for singing, and in 1862 she went to New York City, where she studied with Abella. In 1864 she went to Europe and studied with Mme. Marchesi and Mme. Virdot-Garcia. Her voice is a contralto of exceptional strength, volume and purity of tone, and she has a ranee quite unusual with contraltos. In 1873 she made her début in Covent Garden, London, Eng., in a concert given under the direction of Sir Julius Benedict. In 1874 she sang before Queen Victoria in Osborne Palace. Her training has been on Italian methods, but she admires the German school of singing. She sang before the Emperor and Empress of Germany. In 1874 she became the wife of John Mackinlay. Her husband is a Scotch-American of musical tastes. Their family consists of three children. Her home is In London.
# Woman of the Century/Arabella Angelini

​ARABELLA ANGELINI. ANGELINI, Mme. Arabella, evangelical worker, born in Elton, Md , 8th July, 1863. Her maiden name was Chapman. On her mother's side she is descended from a Huguenot family, the De Vinneys, who settled in Maryland over a century ago. Her father died when she was only four years old and Arabella was taken to Europe at the age of eight years, by Miss Mary Gilpin, of Philadelphia, for the ostensible purpose of learning music and languages. On reaching Germany, Miss Gilpin developed a strange mania for abusing her little charge. They spent several months in Germany and Switzerland and passed on to Italy, stopping first at Verona. In that city the police were instructed to watch Miss Gilpin closely, as her erratic behavior attracted attention. In Florence her cruelty to her charge caused the police to interfere. They took charge of Arabella, who was less than nine years old, and Miss Gilpin left her to her fate among strangers, whose language she did not understand. She found shelter in the Protestant College in Florence and was there cared for until her health was restored. She remained in the institution nine years and at the end of that time was married to the Rev. Luigi Angelini, a minister of the Evangelical Church of Italy. After their marriage they settled in a small village in northern Italy, Bassignana. In 1SS4 the board of the Evangelical Church of Italy nominated Dr. Angelini as its representative in the United States, and thus, after a long absence, Mme. Angelini returned to her native land only to find herself quite as much a foreigner as though born in Italy When brought face to face with her mother, she could not speak ​her native language. Long disuse had not effaced the English language from her memory, however, and the words soon came back to her. Mme Angelini is aiding her husband to arouse an interest in the churches of America, and in organizing undenominational societies for the support of the native Evangelical Church of Italy. She looks forward to a career of usefulness in Italy, aiding the women of her adopted country in their struggle for elevation.
# Woman of the Century/Armilla Amanda Cheney

​CHENEY, Mrs. Armilla Amanda, treasurer National Relief Corps, born in Windham, Ohio, 27th August, 1845, of Massachusetts and Vermont parentage. Her maiden name was Perkins. She is a lineal descendant of John Perkins, who, over two-hundred-fifty years ago, by strategy, saved the little Puritan colony of Ipswich, Mass., from the Indians. Left fatherless at an early age, without brothers or sisters, and with a mother in feeble health, more than ordinary cares and responsibilities came to her in her younger days. Her whole life has been characterized by the ability to do whatsoever her hands found to do. She received a liberal education and was thereby qualified for the useful and responsible positions she has held. She was in school when the war-cry rang out at the firing on Fort Sumter, and became ARMILLA AMANDA CHENEY. an earnest worker in the home labors that formed so large a part of the daily task of Northern women for alleviating the sufferings of the Boys in Blue. She became the wife of Capt. James W. Cheney, a ​native of Massachusetts, in May, 1868. Moving to Detroit, Midi., in the fall of 1870, where she still resides, she identified herself with one of the prominent churches, and engaged in its work and that of its Sabbath-school, having in charge the infant department for several years. She became a member of Fairbanks Woman's Relief Corps, of Detroit, early in its organization, was appointed department secretary of that order soon after, and in 1887 accepted the office of secretary of the national organization. So faithfully and conscientiously were her duties performed that she won the love and esteem of the order throughout the country, and in Milwaukee, Wis., in 1889, was elected national treasurer and was unanimously reelected at the succeeding national conventions, held in Boston, Mass., in 1890. and in Detroit, Mich., in 1891.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl145

EBURNA tessellata,
Tessellated Eburna.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 144.
Specific Character.
    E. testâ maculis fuscis seu purpureis tessellatis fasciatâ; suturâ vix canaliculatâ; anfractuum marginibus convexis.
    Shell with bands of tessellated brown or purple spots; suture slightly channelled; margin of the volutions convex.
    Buccinum Spiratum. var. Linn. Gmelin, 3487. Dill. 620. Brug. p. 262. 26. Turton, 4. p. 400. var. 2.
    Lister, 981. 41. (bad.) Seba, t. 73. f. 25. 26. Martini, 4. pl. 122. 1120. 1121.
    E. Arcolata, Lam. Syst. 7. p. 282. 4.
A shell hitherto placed as a variety of E. spirata, (Buccinum spiratum, Lin.) but from which I am disposed to consider it as specifically distinct. The channel or sulcation round the suture of each whorl is very slight, and the adjoining margin obtuse and convex; whereas in E. spirata the channel is broad and deep, having the margin sharply carinated: so far the essential characters of the two shells are at variance; but their difference in colour is so obvious that no one can mistake them.
The form of the umbilicus in this species appears to be constant: it is wide, deep, placed near to the upper angle of the aperture, and margined externally by a convex belt. With the exception of Seba's figures, (which, through the carelessness of the engraver, are reversed,) not a tolerable representation of this shell can be found; for those given by the authors above named, are almost too inaccurate for citation. It inhabits the Indian Ocean.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl147

MUSCIPETA carinata,
Keel-billed Flycatcher.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 116.
Specific Character.
    M. plumbea, infrà ferruginea; fronte juguloque nigris; temporibus albentibus; rostri culmine carinato.
    Plumbeous; body beneath ferruginous; front and throat black; sides of the head whitish; top of the bill carinated.
Mr. Brookes, the celebrated anatomist, first drew my attention to this singular bird; the peculiarity of the bill suggested to us the idea of creating a genus for its reception; but a closer comparison of its other characters with several of the exotic Muscipetæ induces me, at least for the present, to associate it with those birds. The Flycatchers, as they now stand in the works of Latham, Shaw, and other Linnæan writers, undistinguished even by sections or subdivisions, present a mass of confusion, which renders the search after an individual, in this immense genus, almost hopeless.
Total length, six inches and a half; front, throat, and margin of the shoulders, deep black; the whole upper plumage is of a delicate lead colour, which is paler on the breast, and nearly white on the sides of the head and neck; body and inner wing covers rufous; the first quill is half the length of the second, which is rather shorter than the three next; feet slender, weak, and short; the outer toe united, the inner cleft. The bill at the base is triangular, but not elevated; the sides compressed; the culmin, or top, is sharp, elevated, and curved; the tip of both mandibles notched: nostrils simple, small, round, without a membrane, and partly hid by the thick-set frontal feathers, and lengthened setaceous bristles round the bill. These parts are delineated on the plate of their natural size; and must form the basis of any future generic alteration in the arrangement of this bird. The figure was from a specimen belonging to Mr. Brookes; since which, I have received two others from New Holland.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl141

PSITTACUS chryseürus,
Golden-tailed Parrot.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 1.
Specific Character.
    P. nitidè viridis; fronte genisque fulvo colore tinctis; rectricium brevium, parium, pennis mediis viridibus, cæteris aureis, omnium apicibus nigris.
    Shining green; front and sides of the head tinged with fulvous; tail short, even, tipt with black, the two middle feathers green, the rest golden.
I was fortunate in procuring both sexes of this very rare bird in the vicinity of Pernambuco, being the only individuals I ever met with in Brazil: they appeared as if tired from a long flight, which led me to suppose they had migrated from the interior towards the coast. I do not find the species noticed by any writer, nor have I seen it in any collection.
The total length is six inches and a half; the plumage generally of a rich emerald green, rather obscure on the top and sides of the head, but very bright on the back and rump, where it is tinged with blue; the feathers round the base of the bill, front, and sides of the head, are tinged with buff colour; the scapulary feathers (protecting the base of the wings and lesser quills) are chocolate brown, the quills themselves black, margined externally with green and internally with olive. The most beautiful part of the bird is the tail, which is short and even, each feather having the tips margined by a narrow line of black, the middle pair being green, and all the rest of a rich golden yellow colour; the under plumage and wing covers are nearly of as deep a green as the wings, but on the flanks there is a tinge of olive.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl143

AMPULLARIA sordida,
Brown Apple Snail f. 1. 2.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 103.
Specific Character.
    A. testâ globosâ, ferrugineâ, lineis transversis subcarinatis instructâ aperturæ margine tenui; umbilico magno; operculo corneo?
    Shell globose, ferruginous, with obsolete transverse subcarinated lines; margin of the aperture thin; umbilicus large; operculum horny?
The only species of Ampullaria with which this may be confounded is A. fasciata, p. 103, in comparison with which it is a more globose shell, the aperture narrower, and the spire more obtuse; the umbilicus is larger, round, and not contracted; the suture is not sunk, the shell is not banded with coloured lines, nor is the surface smooth; on the contrary, it is marked with transverse, obscurely carinated lines; while the shell is uniform brown, the aperture within is white, margined with brown.
AMPULLARIA puncticulata
Oval, punctured Apple Snail
    A. testâ ovatâ, subtilissimè punctatâ; spirâ obtusâ; labii exterioris margine, interiorisque basi rufis, incrassatis; operculo corneo?
    Shell oval, minutely punctured, spire obtuse; margin of the exterior lip within, and base of the inner lip thick and rufous; operculum horny?
This and A. oblonga are the only species I am yet acquainted with, whose form is not globose. It never grows to a size much larger than the figure; the whole shell is marked by fine longitudinal striæ, and transverse lines of minute dots, discernible only by the aid of a common magnifier; the aperture within is brownish flesh-colour; the margin is strong and reddish, and, within that of the outer lip, is a thickened rim; which, should the operculum be testaceous, may supply the place of the groove for its reception observable in A. globosa and corrugata. The localities of both these species are unknown to me.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl146

EBURNA Pacifica,
South Sea Eburna.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 144.
Specific Character.
    E. testâ ventricosâ, maculis fulvis fasciisque albis ornatâ; spiræ angustæ, acutæ, suturis integris.
    Shell ventricose, with fulvous spots and white bands; spire slender, acute; suture entire.
    Eburna Pacifica. Swainson, Appendix to Bligh Cat. p. 6. lot 904.
    Eburna lutosa? Ency. Méth. pl. 401. f. 4.
    E. lutosa? Lam. Syst. 7. 282. 5.
A delicate and rather uncommon shell: first defined in the Appendix I subjoined to the Catalogue of the Bligh collection, dispersed by auction last spring. Mrs. Mawe informs me she has received this, along with other shells, from the Pacific Ocean.
A species at once distinguished by the entire suture and narrow-pointed spire; the inner lip is very thick, with a longitudinal sulcation near the umbilicus.
Whether this is the shell represented in the Ency. Méth. at pl. 401, f. 4, admits of doubt: a short description would have explained the characters, but not one word is said about it. I have already adverted to this novel mode of creating species at pl. 31. If authors will not be at the trouble of defining new species, they have no right to expect their names should be adopted by subsequent and more laborious writers, to whom they leave the more scientific task, of defining characters and collating synonyms.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl149

CASTNIA Fabricii,
Red underwing Day-moth.
Generic Character.
    Antennæ clavatæ, clavo elongato, cylindraceo, fusiformi, ad apicem unco brevi, acuto armato. Palpi breves, graciles, haud prominentes, articulo ultimo nudo, obliquè verticales. Vertex ocellatus? ocello oculum juxta utrumque posito.
    Obs. Caput parvum; alarum basis squamis conspicuis, elongatis imbricata.
    Antennæ clubbed; club elongated, rounded, fusiform, ending in a short acute hook. Palpi short, slender, not projecting beyond the front, the last joint naked, obliquely vertical. Crown with a small ocellus? adjoining each eye.
    Ob. Head small: base of the wings covered with conspicuous, lengthened, imbricate scales.
Specific Character.
    C. alis anticis, suprà ferrugineis; posticis rufis, fasciis 3 undatis, nigris, masculis ovatis interstinctis, ornatis.
    Anterior wings above ferruginous; posterior rufous, with three waved bands of black, between which are imperfect oval spots.
The insects of this genus form one of the most singular groups among the Lepidoptera; they are few in number, and confined to the tropical regions of America; flying only during the meridian heat, and then with incredible rapidity: they frequent the narrow inlets of thick forests, occasionally resting, far above the ground, on the trunks of trees. The species here figured is very rare, and came from the Diamond district of Brazil: it is named after the illustrious entomologist who first founded the genus. The bases of the wings beneath are furnished, in the male, with a spiral socket and horny spring, similar to those of the Phalænidæ.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl144

EBURNA Valentiana,
Arabian Eburna.
Generic Character.
    Testa turrita, lævis, nitida, umbilicata, basi truncatâ, emarginatâ. Aperturæ angulus superior internè canaliculatus. Animal marinum.
    Shell turrited, smooth, polished, umbilicated, base truncated, emarginate. Upper angle of the aperture with an internal channel. Animal marine.
Generic Type Buccinum Spiratum Lin.
Specific Character.
    E. testâ ventricosâ, maculatâ; aperturæ longitudine spiræ longitudinem superante; spirâ anfractibus 5 convexis, suturis alveatis; basi balteo concavo cinctâ.
    Shell ventricose, spotted; spire shorter than the aperture, of five convex volutions; suture channelled; base with a concave belt.
    Eburna Valentiana. Sw. Appendix to Bligh Cat. p. 6. lot 904.
Few species are known of Eburnæ, and these are neither well defined, nor correctly figured.
The species selected by most authors as the type of this genus is Buccinum glabratum of Linnæus, a shell which, as it unites the characters of Eburna and Ancilia, should not have been chosen for this purpose. Types of genera are alone intended to represent the usual appearance of those characters on which the genus has been founded; they should therefore be selected from such species only, as represent these characters in their perfect development.
E. Valentiana was first characterized by myself, in the Appendix to the Bligh Collection. It was brought from the Red Sea by Lord Valentia, in honour of whom it is named. The very short spire and concave belt at the base, easily distinguish this shell from E. spirata.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl148

EMBERIZA cristata,
Crested Bunting.
Generic Character.
    Rostrum breve, conicum, compressum, basi aliquatenus hians, mandibulâ superiore inflexâ, inferiore superiorem magnitudine superantem. Nares basales, rotundi, basi plumulis obtectâ. Pedes sedentes, digitis tribus anticis basi divisis, halluce plerumque brevi, curvo, aliquando recto.
    Ob. Remigum pennâ primâ brevi, secundâ tertiâque longissimis.
    Bill short, strong, conic, compressed; the base slightly gaping; upper mandible inflexed; under mandible largest. Nostrils basal, round, covered at the base by small feathers. Feet sitting, the three anterior toes divided at the base; the hind claw in general short and curved, in some species straight.
    Ob. The first quill of the wings shorter than the second and third, which are the longest.
    Generic Types (Temminck) i. Emb. citrinella. miliaria Lin. ii. Em. nivalis. Fring. Lapponica.
Specific Character.
    E. olivacea, infrà flavescens; capite cristato; jugulo nigro; strigâ oculari, scapulis rectricibusque lateralibus flavis.
    Olive, beneath yellowish, head crested; throat black; eye stripe, shoulders, and lateral tail feathers, yellow.
The elegant crest of narrow-pointed feathers on the head of this new bird, at once distinguishes it from all others of the same family. Mr. Brookes favoured me with the individual here described; it was purchased alive at one of the Brazilian ports; but I strongly suspect it had been first brought from Africa, by some one of the slave ships. The figure is of the natural size; down the shaft of each feather on the back is a black line; the tail is rather long, and even; the two middle feathers black; the rest pure yellow, with black shafts, and brown exterior terminal margins; the upper mandible of the bill is sinuated; the base not gaping, but with a few incumbent bristles.
I have taken the authority of Professor Temminck for the accuracy of the generic types of this genus under its present modification.
# Zoological Illustrations/VolIII-Pl142

NECTARINIA flaveola, var.
Yellow-bellied Nectarinia.
Generic Character.—See Pl. 117.
Specific Character.
    N. nigricans, infrà flava; mento, superciliis rectriciumque trium exteriarum apicibus, albis; fasciâ uropygiali olivaceâ.
    Blackish brown; beneath yellow; chin, eyebrows, and tips of the three outer tail-feathers white; band on the rump olive.
    Certhia flaveola. Gmelin, 479. Lath. Ind. Orn. v. 1. p. 297. Gen. Zool. v. 8. p. 248. Turton, p. 297.
    Certhia, No. 33. Brisson. Orn. v. 6. App. p. 117. Syn. 2. p. 19.
    Black and yellow Creeper. Edwards, pl. 122. pl. 362. Lath. Syn. v. 2. p. 737. Gen. Zool. v. 8. p. 248. Turton. p. 297.
    Le Guit-Guit Sucrier. Vieill. Ois. Dor. Certh. pl. 51. p. 102.
This pretty little bird, under different varieties of plumage, appears to be scattered over the greatest part of tropical America, and is one of the most common of its tribe. The best, and indeed the only detailed account of its economy, is given by M. Vieillot; who remarks, that its nest is suspended on the tops of those tall climbing plants, which, in those countries, form a matting over the most lofty trees: the entrance to the nest is at the bottom; the interior is divided into two compartments, in one of which only the young are contained. It feeds both on small insects, and the nectar of flowers. All the above synonyms refer to the different varieties authors have enumerated of this species. Most of these have a white spot at the base of the exterior quills; others vary in having the throat entirely black; and some again have a yellow rump; but none of these agree with the variety here figured, which I believe came from Trinidad. Probably a more perfect knowledge of these supposed varieties will show they contain two or three distinct species.
Notwithstanding the shortness of the bill, this is a decided Nectarinia, according to a natural, but not an artificial arrangement. It forms, in some degree, a passage from the shining coloured Nectariniæ of America, to the short-billed Melliphagæ of the southern hemisphere. On a future occasion I shall offer more detailed observations on the genus Dicæum of Cuvier.
The figure is the size of life; and, with the specific character, renders a further description unnecessary.