OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions/Dioscoreaceae

Family 28.   Dioscoreàceae   Lindl.   Nat. Syst. Ed. 2 359.   1836.
Yam Family.
Herbaceous or slightly woody twining vines with fleshy or woody rootstocks, slender stems, petioled, mostly cordate, several-nerved and reticulate-veined leaves, alternate or the lower opposite or verticillate, and small inconspicuous dioecious or monoecious (in some exotic genera perfect) regular flowers in spikes, racemes or panicles. Perianth 6-parted, that of the pistillate flowers persistent. Staminate flowers with 6 or 3 stamens, sometimes with a rudimentary ovary. Pistillate flowers with an inferior 3-celled ovary, 3 styles and 3 terminal stigmas, sometimes also with 3 or 6 staminodia; ovules 2 (rarely 1) in each cavity of the ovary, pendulous, anatropous or amphitropous. Fruit a 3-valved, 3-angled capsule in the following genus. Endosperm of the seed fleshy or cartilaginous, enclosing the small embryo.
About 9 genera and 175 species, mostly natives of America, a few in the Old World.
# An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions/Gymnospermae

Class 1. Gymnospérmae.
Ovules (macrosporanges) naked, not enclosed in an ovary, this represented by a scale or apparently wanting. Pollen-grains (microspores) dividing at maturity into two or more cells, one of which gives rise to the pollen-tube (male prothallium), which directly fertilizes an archegone of the nutritive endosperm (female prothallium) in the ovule.
The Gymnosperms are an ancient group, first known in Silurian time. They became most numerous in the Triassic age. They are now represented by not more than 500 species of trees and shrubs.
There are three orders, Coniferales, Cycadales and Gnetales, the first of which is represented in our area by the Pine and Yew Families.
Pine Family :
| 2. Taxaceae | Yew Family |
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VII/Chapter 8

Chapter VIII.—The Service of God’s Appointment.
“And this is the service He has appointed: To worship Him only, and trust only in the Prophet of truth, and to be baptized for the remission of sins, and thus by this pure baptism to be born again unto God by saving water; to abstain from the table of devils, that is, from food offered to idols, from dead carcases, from animals which have been suffocated or caught by wild beasts, and from blood; not to live any longer impurely; to wash after intercourse; that the women on their part should keep the law of purification; that all should be sober-minded, given to good works, refraining from wrongdoing, looking for eternal life from the all-powerful God, and asking with prayer and continual supplication that they may win it.” Such was Peter’s counsel to the men of Sidon also. And in few days many repented and believed, and were healed. And Peter having founded a church, and set over it as bishop one of the elders who were with him, left Sidon.

## Footnotes

* ↑ [Comp. Recognitions, iv. 36. The language recalls Acts xv. 20 and 1 Cor. x. 21.—R.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 10

Chapter X.—The Original Law.
“But thus the matter stands. The only good God having made all things well, and having handed them over to man, who was made after His image, he who had been made breathing of the divinity of Him who made him, being a true prophet and knowing all things, for the honour of the Father who had given all things to him, and for the salvation of the sons born of him, as a genuine father preserving his affection towards the children born of him, and wishing them, for their advantage, to love God and be loved of Him, showed them the way which leads to His friendship, teaching them by what deeds of men the one God and Lord of all is pleased; and having exhibited to them the things that are pleasing to Him, appointed a perpetual law to all, which neither can be abrogated by enemies, nor is vitiated by any impious one, nor is concealed in any place, but which can be read by all. To them, therefore, by obedience to the law, all things were in abundance,—the fairest of fruits, fulness of years, freedom from grief and from disease, bestowed upon them without fear, with all salubrity of the air.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 13

Chapter XIII.—The Fall of the Angels.
“But when, having assumed these forms, they convicted as covetous those who stole them, and changed themselves into the nature of men, in order that, living holily, and showing the possibility of so living, they might subject the ungrateful to punishment, yet having become in all respects men, they also partook of human lust, and being brought under its subjection they fell into cohabitation with women; and being involved with them, and sunk in defilement and altogether emptied of their first power, were unable to turn back to the first purity of their proper nature, their members turned away from their fiery substance: for the fire itself, being extinguished by the weight of lust, and changed into flesh, they trode the impious path downward. For they themselves, being fettered with the bonds of flesh, were constrained and strongly bound; wherefore they have no more been able to ascend into the heavens.

## Footnotes

* ↑ [Comp. Recognitions, i. 30. The details here are not only fuller, but apparently represent a more developed speculation.—R.]
* ↑ The text is somewhat obscure; but the following sentence shows this to be the meaning of it.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 1

Homily VIII.
Chapter I.—Peter’s Arrival at Tripolis.
Now, as Peter was entering Tripolis, the people from Tyre and Sidon, Berytus and Byblus, who were eager to get instruction, and many from the neighbourhood, entered along with him; and not least were there gatherings of the multitudes from the city itself wishing to see him. Therefore there met with us in the suburbs the brethren who had been sent forth by him to ascertain as well other particulars respecting the city, as the proceedings of Simon, and to come and explain them. They received him, and conducted him to the house of Maroones.

## Footnotes

* ↑ [For the general parallelism of Homilies VIII.–XI. with Recognitions, iv.–vi., see the footnote on Recognitions, iv. 1. Homilies VIII., IX., contain matter included in the single discourse of Recognitions, book iv.—R.]
* ↑ Lit.:  More willing to learn than the others.
* ↑ [“Maro” in Recognitions, iv. The resemblance between that book and this Homily is quite marked.—R.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 11

Chapter XI.—Cause of the Fall of Man.
“But they, because they had at first no experience of evils, being insensible to the gift of good things, were turned to ingratitude by abundance of food and luxuries, so that they even thought that there is no Providence, since they had not by previous labour got good things as the reward of righteousness, inasmuch as no one of them had fallen into any suffering or disease, or any other necessity; so that, as is usual for men afflicted on account of wicked transgression, they should look about for the God who is able to heal them. But immediately after their despite, which proceeded from fearlessness and secure luxury, a certain just punishment met them, as following from a certain arranged harmony, removing from them good things as having hurt them, and introducing evil things instead, as advantageous.

## Footnotes

* ↑ The general meaning seems to be as given; but the text is undoubtedly corrupt, and scarcely intelligible.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 12

Chapter XII.—Metamorphoses of the Angels.
“For of the spirits who inhabit the heaven, the angels who dwell in the lowest region, being grieved at the ingratitude of men to God, asked that they might come into the life of men, that, really becoming men, by more intercourse they might convict those who had acted ungratefully towards Him, and might subject every one to adequate punishment. When, therefore, their petition was granted, they metamorphosed themselves into every nature; for, being of a more godlike substance, they are able easily to assume any form. So they became precious stones, and goodly pearl, and the most beauteous purple, and choice gold, and all matter that is held in most esteem. And they fell into the hands of some, and into the bosoms of others, and suffered themselves to be stolen by them. They also changed themselves into beasts and reptiles, and fishes and birds, and into whatsoever they pleased. These things also the poets among yourselves, by reason of fearlessness, sing, as they befell, attributing to one the many and diverse doings of all.

## Footnotes

* ↑ [Chaps. 12–16 have no parallel in the corresponding discourse in the Recognitions. The doctrine here is peculiar. But compare Recognitions, iv. 26.—R.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 14

Chapter XIV.—Their Discoveries.
“For after the intercourse, being asked to show what they were before, and being no longer able to do so, on account of their being unable to do aught else after their defilement, yet wishing to please their mistresses, instead of themselves, they showed the bowels of the earth; I mean, the choice metals, gold, brass, silver, iron, and the like, with all the most precious stones. And along with these charmed stones, they delivered the arts of the things pertaining to each, and imparted the discovery of magic, and taught astronomy, and the powers of roots, and whatever was impossible to be found out by the human mind; also the melting of gold and silver, and the like, and the various dyeing of garments. And all things, in short, which are for the adornment and delight of women, are the discoveries of these demons bound in flesh.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Literally, “the marrow.”
* ↑ Literally, “the flowers of metals.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII/Chapter 15

Chapter XV.—The Giants.
“But from their unhallowed intercourse spurious men sprang, much greater in stature than ordinary men, whom they afterwards called giants; not those dragon-footed giants who waged war against God, as those blasphemous myths of the Greeks do sing, but wild in manners, and greater than men in size, inasmuch as they were sprung of angels; yet less than angels, as they were born of women. Therefore God, knowing that they were barbarized to brutality, and that the world was not sufficient to satisfy them (for it was created according to the proportion of men and human use), that they might not through want of food turn, contrary to nature, to the eating of animals, and yet seem to be blameless, as having ventured upon this through necessity, the Almighty God rained manna upon them, suited to their various tastes; and they enjoyed all that they would. But they, on account of their bastard nature, not being pleased with purity of food, longed only after the taste of blood. Wherefore they first tasted flesh.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VII/Chapter 9

Chapter IX.—Simon Attacks Peter.
No sooner had he reached Beyrout than an earthquake took place; and the multitude, running to Peter, said, “Help us, for we are afraid we shall all utterly perish.” Then Simon ventured, along with Appion and Anubion and Athenodorus, and the rest of his companions, to cry out to the people against Peter in public: “Flee, friends, from this man! he is a magician; trust us, he it was who caused this earthquake: he sent us these diseases to terrify us, as if he were God Himself.” And many such false charges did Simon and his friends bring against Peter, as one who could do things above human power. But as soon as the people gave him a moment’s quiet, Peter with surprising boldness gave a little laugh, and said, “Friends, I admit that I can do, God willing, what these men say; and more than that, I am ready, if you do not believe what I say, to overturn your city from top to bottom.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Pseudo-Clementine Literature/The Clementine Homilies/Homily VIII
## Contents

* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Chapter 18
* Chapter 19
* Chapter 20
* Chapter 21
* Chapter 22
* Chapter 23
* Chapter 24
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brandreth, Benjamin

Edition of 1900.
​BRANDRETH, Benjamin, physician, b. in Leeds, England, 9 Jan., 1807; d. in Sing Sing, N.Y., 19 Feb., 1880. He was a grandson of Dr. William Brandreth, introducer of Brandreth's pills. Coming to the United States in 1835, he established a laboratory in Sing Sing, N. Y. In 1874 he presented to Dr. Robert S. Newton and his associates the building used by the eclectic medical college of New York.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brewer, Gardner

Edition of 1900.
​BREWER, Gardner, merchant, b. in Boston in 1806; d. in Newport, R. I., 30 Sept., 1874. He was one of the wealthiest and most liberal of Boston merchants. After attaining his majority he was for some time a distiller, but afterward engaged in the dry-goods trade, and founded the house of Gardner Brewer & Co., which represented some of the largest mills in New England, and had branches in New York and Philadelphia. In this business, by accurate method combined with great sagacity, he accumulated a fortune which, at his death, was estimated at several millions of dollars. Mr. Brewer at one time took an active part in politics as a republican. He was also a strong protectionist, and took great interest in the industrial development of the country. He used his large wealth liberally for the public good, and shortly before his death gave to the city of Boston a beautiful fountain, which stands on an angle of the common. His residence, on the site of the ​house of Jolin Hancock, is one of the finest private dwellings in the city. The "great fire" in Boston (November, 1872) destroyed the old warehouse of the firm; but before the end of 1873 a new building, one of the costliest in Boston, was erected on its site. Mr. Brewer died at his seaside villa.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Bradford, Robert

Edition of 1900.
​BRADFORD, Robert, soldier, b. in Plymouth, Mass., in 1750; d. in Belpre, Ohio, in 1823. He served through the revolutionary war, from Bunker Hill to Yorktown, and was present at many important engagements. He held the rank of major and was presented by Lafayette with a sword for gallantry. As a member of the Ohio company he removed to Marietta in 1788, and in the following year with a number of associates settled Belpre. He was a descendant of the sixth generation from Gov. Bradford.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brewster, William (ornithologist)

Edition of 1900.
​BREWSTER, William, ornithologist, b. in South Reading (now Wakefield), Mass., 5 July, 1851. He was graduated at the Cambridge high school in 1869, but was prevented by a difficulty with his eyes from entering Harvard. Subsequently he devoted his attention exclusively to the study of ornithology, becoming in 1880 assistant in charge of the collection of birds and mammals in the Boston society of natural history, and in 1885 curator of ornithology at the museum of comparative zoölogy, Cambridge. Mr. Brewster is a fellow of the American association for the advancement of science, and in 1876 became president of the Nuttall ornithological club of Cambridge. He has published articles in the “Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club,” in the “Annals of the New York Lyceum of Natural History,” “Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History,” “The Auk,” and other periodicals.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brant, Joseph

Edition of 1900.
BRANT, Joseph (Thayendanegka), Mohawk chief, b. on the banks of the Ohio in 1742; d. at the old Brant mansion, Wellington square, Canada, 24 Nov., 1807. His father was a full-blooded Mohawk of the Wolf tribe and a son of one of the five sachems that excited so much attention at the court of Queen Anne in 1710. Brant was a favorite of Sir William Johnson's, by whom he was sent for a year to the “Moor charity school,” then under the charge of Dr. Eleazar Wheelock, and which subsequently became Dartmouth college. He was present at the battle of Lake George in 1755 when but thirteen years of age, accompanied Sir William Johnson during the Niagara campaign in 1759, and acquitted himself with distinguished bravery. He was in Pontiac's war in 1763, and when, in 1774, Guy Johnson succeeded to the superintendency of Indian affairs on the death of his uncle, Sir William, the former pupil of Dr. Wheelock was made his secretary. During the revolutionary war, under a colonel's commission, he was constantly employed by Gov. Carleton in fierce raids against the colonists, and took an active part in the massacre at Cherry Valley and in the one that desolated Minisink in July, 1779. He also led a clan of the Hurons and a few of the Six Nations in the expedition of Col. St. Leger against Fort Stanwix, and bore a prominent part in the battle of Oriskany, 6 Aug., 1777. After the war his great influence with the different Indian tribes was thrown on the side of peace, and in July, 1793, at the solicitation of Washington and Clinton, he visited ​the Miamis and materially assisted the Indian commissioners in securing a treaty of peace between that tribe and the United States. During the latter years of his life he was a consistent believer in evangelical Christianity. He visited England in 1786 and raised the funds with which the 1st Episcopal church in Upper Canada was built. He translated the gospel of St. Mark into the Mohawk language, and, together with Col. Daniel Claus, rendered into the same tongue the “Book of Common Prayer.” As a warrior he was cautious, sagacious, and brave; as a diplomat and courtier, adroit and accomplished; and as a friend, chivalrous and faithful. His humanity toward a captive or a fallen foe is too well established to admit of doubt, nor has the purity of his private morals ever been questioned. A monument to his memory, the main feature of which is a statue of heroic size, was unveiled at Brantford, Canada, 13 Oct., 1886. — His son, John, b. 27 Sept., 1794; d. in September, 1832, served on the British side with distinction in the war of 1812, and was a member of the Canadian parliament in 1832. — Catherine Brant Johns, b. in 1800; d. in Wellington square, Canada, in 1867, was the last survivor of Brant's children. — The Canadian government in 1886 gave to an association thirteen bronze cannon for a statue to Brant's memory. See “Life of Joseph Brant,” by William L. Stone (1838; new ed., Albany, 1865).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brentano, Lorenzo

Edition of 1900.
​BRENTANO, Lorenzo, journalist, b. in Mannheim, Germany, 4 Nov., 1813; d. in Chicago, 18 Sept., 1891. He received a thorough classical training, and studied jurisprudence at Heidelberg and Freiburg. He was admitted to practice in Baden, and after attaining the legal age was elected to the chamber of deputies. He took part in the revolution of 1848, being a member of the Frankfort parliament, and subsequently president of the provisional republican government established in 1849, by the then hopeful revolutionists. The power of Prussia intervened in July of that year, and the grand duke was re-established. Brentano effected his escape, and only knew that he had been sentenced to imprisonment for life after reaching the United States. He settled as a farmer in Kalamazoo co., Mich., and remained there until 1859, when he removed to Chicago and was admitted to the bar. He soon became editor of the “Illinois Staats-Zeitung,” and in 1862 was a member of the state legislature. For five years he was president of the Chicago board of education. In 1868 he was presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax ticket. In 1869, a general amnesty having been granted to the revolutionists of 1849, he revisited his native land. He was appointed U. S. consul at Dresden in 1872, and served until 1876, when he was elected to congress, where he served until 3 March, 1879. After leaving congress he devoted much time to historical and literary researches designed to compare and contrast the American and European codes of criminal procedure. In this line of work he has published a report of the trial of the assassin of President Garfield, and a history of the celebrated case of King v. Missouri (U. S. Supreme Court Reports, 107). This last was republished in Leipsic. In 1884 Mr. Brentano gave up active work, owing to partial paralysis.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Brandt, Carl Ludwig

Edition of 1900.
​BRANDT, Carl Ludwig, artist, b. near Hamburg, in Holstein, Germany, 22 Sept., 1831. His father and grandfather were eminent physicians in Hamburg. His father taught him drawing at the age of seven, and he subsequently studied in the principal galleries of Europe. He served in the war of 1848-'50, between Germany and Denmark, and came to the United States in 1852. He painted several portraits previous to 1864, and in that year built his studio in Hastings-on-Hudson, N. Y., but lived in Europe from 1865 till 1869. He was chosen a national academician in 1872, and in 1883 was elected director of the “Telfair Academy of Arts and Sciences,” Savannah, Ga., where he resides in winter. Among his works are “A Dish of Alpine Strawberries”; “The Fortune-Teller” (1869); “Return from the Alps” (1874); “Monte Rosa at Sunrise”; “Bay of Naples during Eruption of Vesuvius in 1867”; “Etna from Taurinino, Sicily”; “Resignation”; and “The Golden Treasures of Mexico.” The numerous portraits painted since his return from Europe include likenesses of John Jacob Astor the elder; Mr. and Mrs. William B. ​Astor; Dr. John W. Draper; George S. Appleton; Gen. Henry R. Jackson; and a full-length figure of his wife. The last was shown at the academy exhibition of 1882 and the international exposition at Munich in 1883. Dr. F. Pecht, in his Modern Art at the International Exhibition," says of it: "The most skilful of all these ladies' portraits is the one in full figure by Carl L. Brandt, in fact, a most charming picture, a masterpiece good enough for a Netcher." Mr. Brandt has also done some work as a sculptor, and has nearly ready (1886) a colossal bust of Humboldt.