OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Century of Dishonor

New York: Harper & Bros., page i, page ii, additional listing, and pages iii-iv
A CENTURY OF DISHONOR
A SKETCH
OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT'S DEALINGS
WITH SOME OF THE INDIAN TRIBES
By H. H.
AUTHOR OF “VERSES” “BITS OF TRAVEL” ETC.
“Every human being born upon our continent, or who comes here from any quarter of the world, whether savage or civilized, can go to our courts for protection—except those who belong to the tribes who once owned this country. The cannibal from the islands of the Pacific, the worst criminals from Europe, Asia, or Africa, can appeal to the law and courts for their rights of person and property—all, save our native Indians, who, above all, should be protected from wrong”
Gov. Horatio Seymour
NEW YORK
HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE
1881
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by
HARPER & BROTHERS,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
All rights reserved.
* Cover
* Author's Note
CONTENTS. :
| | PAGE |
| Preface, by Bishop Whipple | v |
| Introduction, by President Julius H. Seelye | 1 |
| CHAPTER I. ||
| Introductory | 9 |
| CHAPTER II. ||
| The Delawares | 32 |
| CHAPTER III. ||
| The Cheyennes | 66 |
| CHAPTER IV. ||
| The Nez Percés | 103 |
| CHAPTER V. ||
| The Sioux | 136 |
| CHAPTER VI. ||
| The Poncas | 186 |
| CHAPTER VII. ||
| The Winnebagoes | 218 ​ |
| CHAPTER VIII. ||
| The Cherokees | 257 |
| CHAPTER IX. ||
| Massacres of Indians by Whites | 298 |
| I. The Conestoga Massacre | 298 |
| II. The Gnadenhütten Massacre | 317 |
| III. Massacres of Apaches | 324 |
| CHAPTER X. ||
| Conclusion | 336 |
| APPENDIX. ||
| I. The Sand Creek Massacre | 343 |
| II. The Ponca Case | 359 |
| III. Testimonies to Indian Character | 374 |
| IV. Outrages Committed on Indians by Whites | 381 |
| V. Extracts from the Report of the Commission sent to treat with the Sioux Chief Sitting Bull, in Canada | 386 |
| VI. Account of some of the old Grievances of the Sioux | 389 |
| VII. Letter from Sarah Winemucca, an Educated Pah-Ute Woman | 395 |
| VIII. Laws of the Delaware Nation of Indians | 396 |
| IX. Account of the Cherokee who Invented the Cherokee Alphabet | 404 |
| X. Prices paid by White Men for Scalps | 405 |
| XI. Extract from Treaty with Cheyennes in 1865 | 406 |
| XII. Wood-cutting by Indians in Dakota | 407 |
| XIII. Sequel to the Walla Walla Massacre | 407 |
| XIV. An Account of the Numbers, Location, and Social and Industrial Condition of each Important Tribe and Band of Indians within the United States | 411 |
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Century of Dishonor/Author's Note

New York: Harper & Bros., page 7
AUTHOR'S NOTE.
All the quotations in this book, where the name of the authority is not cited, are from Official Reports of the War Department or the Department of the Interior.
The book gives, as its title indicates, only a sketch, and not a history.
To write in full the history of any one of these Indian communities, of its forced migrations, wars, and miseries, would fill a volume by itself.
The history of the missionary labors of the different churches among the Indians would make another volume. It is the one bright spot on the dark record.
All this I have been forced to leave untouched, in strict adherence to my object, which has been simply to show our causes for national shame in the matter of our treatment of the Indians. It is a shame which the American nation ought not to lie under, for the American people, as a people, are not at heart unjust.
If there be one thing which they believe in more than any other, and mean that every man on this continent shall have, it is “fair play.” And as soon as they fairly understand how cruelly it has been denied to the Indian, they will rise up and demand it for him.
H. H.
# A Cathedral

"It rises by a frozen mere"
* Coates, Florence Earle (1912), "A Cathedral" in The Unconquered Air, and Other Poems (1912).
* Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "A Cathedral" in Poems I.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bacon, Richard

From volume 1 of the work.
[ E. F. R. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bach Society

From volume 1 of the work.
[ C. M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Badiali, Cesare

From volume 1 of the work.
​BADIALI, Cesare, a very distinguished basso cantante; made his first appearance at Trieste, 1827. After achieving a brilliant success at every one of the chief theatres of Italy, and especially at Milan, where he sang in 1830, 1831, and 1832, he was engaged for the opera of Madrid, then at Lisbon, and did not return to Italy till 1838. On his reappearance at Milan, he was welcomed with enthusiasm; and continued to sing there, and at Vienna and Turin, until 1842, when he was appointed principal chambersinger to the Emperor. He sang afterwards at Rome, Venice, Trieste, Turin, and other towns of less importance. In 1845 he was at Leghorn. The Accademia di S. Cecilia of Rome received him as a member of its body. In 1859 he made his first appearance in London, when he made the quaint remark, 'What a pity I did not think of this city fifty years ago!' He retained at that time, and for some years longer, a voice of remarkable beauty, an excellent method, and great power of executing rapid passages. He was one of the few who have ever sung the music of Assur in Rossini's 'Semiramide' as it was written: in that part he was extremely good, and not less so in that of the Conte Robinson in the 'Matrimonio Segreto.' A singular feat is ascribed to him. It is said that, when supping with friends, he would drink a glass of claret, and, while in the act of swallowing it, sing a scale; and if the first time his execution was not quite perfect, he would repeat the performance with a full glass, a loud voice, and without missing a note or a drop.
[ J. M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bache, Francis

From volume 1 of the work.
​BACHE, Francis Edward, born at Birmingham Sept. 14, 1833; died there Aug. 24, 1858, in his twenty-fifth year. As a child he showed very great fondness and aptitude for music, studied the violin with Alfred Mellon (then conductor of the Birmingham theatre), and in 1846 was allowed to play in the festival orchestra when Mendelssohn conducted 'Elijah.'
In the autumn of 1849 he left school at Birmingham to study under Sterndale Bennett in London. His first overture was performed at the Adelphi Theatre in Nov. 1850, and about a year later his 'Three Impromptus' (his first piano piece) came out. He remained studying with Bennett, and during the latter part of the time writing for Addison, Hollier, and Lucas, from 1849 to 53. In Oct. 53 he went to Leipsic, studied with Hauptmann and Plaidy, and took occasional organ lessons from Schneider at Dresden. He returned to London (after a short visit to the opera, 'William Tell,' etc., at Paris) early in 1855. At the end of 55 he was driven by severe illness to Algiers, but returned to Leipsic for the summer and autumn of 56; then went to Rome for the winter, calling on old Czerny in Vienna, who was much pleased with him, and wrote to that effect to Kistner. He reached England very ill in June 57, passed that winter in Torquay, and returned to Birmingham, which he never again left, in April 58.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bachofen, Johann

From volume 1 of the work.
[ F. G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Back

From volume 1 of the work.
​BACK. The back of the instruments belonging to the violin-tribe appears to have two distinct functions. It has on the one hand to participate in the vibrations of the whole body of the instrument, and on the other to act as a sounding-board to throw back the waves of sound. This is why the back is usually made of hard wood (sycamore, or harewood), which although not as easily set into vibration as deal, the usual material for the belly, is better adapted ​to the fulfilment of the above functions. Now and then we meet with a violoncello by one of the old makers with a back of pine or lime-wood. But the tone of such an instrument, however good in quality, is invariably wanting in power and intensity.
[ P. D. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bagatelle

From volume 1 of the work.
[ E. P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Bache, Walter

From volume 4 of the work.
[ W. B. S. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Backfall

From volume 4 of the work.
​BACKFALL. See Agrémens, vol. i. p. 43 b.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Teodoro, Danti

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TEODORO, DANTI,
Of Perugia, was born in 1498. She was a profound scholar in the exact sciences, and well acquainted with physics and painting. Never intending to marry, she employed herself in intellectual pursuits, and was honoured with general esteem. She has left an elaborate commentary on Euclid; also a treatise on painting, and several poems of an agreeable style. She died in 1573.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Theodelinda

Layout 2
THEODELINDA,
Queen of the Lombards, was the daughter of Garibaldo, Duke ​of Bavaria. She was betrothed to Childebert, but rejected by his mother, the haughty Brunechild. She afterwards, in 589, married Anturi, King of the Lombards, with whom she lived in great affection; when In 690 he died, not without suspicion of poison. The people were very much attached to her; but that turbulent age seemed to require a stronger hand than that of a young girl to sway the rod of empire. She therefore found it expedient to contract a second marriage with Flavius Agilulphus, who, as her husband, was invested with the ensigns of royalty before a general congress at Milan. She was destined to be a second time a widow. Agilulphus died in 615. From that time she assumed the government as regent, which she maintained with vigour and prosperity; she encouraged and improved agriculture; endowed charitable foundations; and. in accordance with what the piety of that age required, built monasteries. What was more extraordinary, and seems to have been rarely thought of by the men sovereigns of that day. she reduced the taxes, and tried to soften the miseries of the inferior classes. She died in 628, bitterly lamented by her subjects. Few men have exhibited powers of mind so well balanced as were those of Theodelinda; and this natural sense of the just and true fitted her for the duties of government.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Thierry, Madame

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THIERRY, MADAME,
Is the wife of the distinguished historian, and has merited a very charming acknowledgment from that illustrious author. In one of his prefaces, adverting to his misfortune—one of the greatest to a man fond of books, his blindness—he declares that "his wife has been to him his eyes, his memory, his unfailing helpmate; without whom his great works could scarcely have been accomplished, so untiring and intelligent was her constant assistance; adding to the offices of a zealous secretary, the sympathy and encouragement of affection."
He adds that her abilities are equal, if not superior to his own; and that only her extreme modesty prevents her taking works of importance. In this opinion we cannot concur with the author of the "Norman Conquest." The sketches Madame Thierry has published are pretty stories, neatly written, and nothing more. "Scenes de Moeurs," and "Adelaide," could only have been written by a woman of cultivated and elegant mind, but they evince no extraordinary intellectual powers. Still, we consider her entitled to a high place among distinguished women, because she has won for her husband such a beautiful eulogium on her talents, and on the manner in which she has employed them. We may see, in this example, of what inestimable benefit to the husband the cultivated intellect of the wife may become, if he has true nobleness of soul to encourage the development and rightly estimate the mind of his wife.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Thecla

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THECLA,
A noble lady of Alexandria, in Egypt, who transcribed the whole of the Bible into the Greek, from the original Septuagint copy then in the Alexandrian library; and this ancient copy is still preserved, and is the celebrated Alexandrian manuscript, so often appealed to by commentators. It was presented to Charles the First by the Patriarch of Constantinople, in 1628.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Theresa, Saint

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THERESA, SAINT,
Was born at Avila, in Spain, in 1585. While reading the lives of the saints, when very young, she became possessed with a desire for martyrdom, and ran away from her parents, hoping to be taken by the Moors. But she was discovered, and was obliged to return, when she persuaded her father to build her a hermitage in his garden, where she might devote herself to her religious duties. In 1537, Theresa took the veil at the convent of the Carmelites at Avila, where her religious zeal led her to undertake the restoration of the original severity of the order. In pursuance of this object, in 1662, she founded a convent of reformed Carmelite nuns at Avila; and in 1568, a monastery of friars, or barefooted Carmelites, at ​Dorvello. She died at Alba, October, 1582, but before her death there were thirty convents founded for her followers. She was canonized by Pope Gregory the Fifteenth. She left an autobiography, and several other works.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Terracina, Laura

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TERRACINA, LAURA,
Of Naples, was born in 1500. She was much praised by the contemporary literati. She met with a violent death,—being killed by her husband, Boccalini Mauro, in 1595. Four editions of her works were printed at Venice; these are principally poems.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Theis de Constance, Marie, Princess of Salm Dyck

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THEIS DE CONSTANCE, MARIE, PRINCESS OF SALM DYCK,
Was born at Nantes, 7th. of November, 1767. After having received a very brilliant education, she, in 1789, married M. Pipelet, a physician of considerable celebrity, and established herself in Paris, where she indulged her taste for literature in a congenial atmosphere. One of her first works was the poetical drama of "Sappho," an opera in four acts, which was adapted to music by Martini, and went through a hundred representations at the Theatre Louvois. Poetical Epistles, Dramas, and various other productions in verse, read by Madame Pipelet at the Athenaeum at Paris, and afterwards published, obtained for her an honourable reputation in the literary world. She has also published several ballads, of which she composed the melodies and the piano accompaniments. In 1803, she became the wife of the Count de Salm Dyck, who took the title of prince in 1816. Since that time the Princess de Salm has lived alternately on the estates of her husband, in Germany, and at Paris, where, by wit, her conversational powers, and her amiable manners, she has always rallied round her the élite of artists, and men of letters.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Thorneycroft, Mary

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THORNEYCROFT, MARY,
Herself an adept in a branch of art, but seldom adopted as a profession by a female, is the daughter as well as wife of a sculptor. She was born in 1814, at Thornham, in Norfolk, and from a very early age found her childish pleasure and amusement in the studio of her father, Mr. John Francis, who, towards the middle period of life had determined to cultivate his taste for modelling and sculpture; and had settled in London for greater facility of studying and turning his knowledge and skill to account. His little girl was constantly employed, to the neglect of all feminine pursuits and occupations, in making up clay figures, and this practice, called by many of her friends "waste of time," gave her extraordinary facility in the plastic art. At an early age she became an exhibitor of busts and heads at the Royal Academy, and produced two noble compositions, Penelope, and Ulysses and his Dog. The first of her works which attracted much public attention was a life-size figure called the Flower-Girl. Mr. Thorneycroft was a pupil of her father's, and it was quite natural that a similarity of tastes and pursuits should lead to an attachment between the young people, which ended in their marriage in 1840. Two years after they went on a professional tour through Italy, and during a winter spent in Rome, made the acquaintance of Thorwaldsen and Gibson, from whom they derived much encouragement and advantage; the latter of these artists received so favourable an impression of Mrs. Thorneycroft's skill and judgment from models of a Sappho and Sleeping Child, which she made at Rome, that when afterwards requested by the Queen of England to name the person best qualified to model portraits of the royal children, he unhesitatingly referred to her. On her return to England in 1843, she accordingly received a commission to execute a statue of the Princess Alice, which she did so satisfactorily, that statues of the other children were at once ordered. In childish, and especially female figures, this artist is generally acknowledged to excel the most; the instincts of the woman and the mother are called into play, and under their guiding influence her hand seems to give life and motion to the marble. Her latest and perhaps most natural production is a Girl Skipping, shown at the Paris Exhibition in 1856; it is full of grace and elegance; a faithful transcript from nature.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Thicknesse, Anne

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THICKNESSE, ANNE,
Was born in the Temple, in London, in 1787. Her beauty and talents early introduced her into the world of fashion. She gave three concerts on her own account, having left her father's house to avoid being forced into a marriage. By her concerts she is said to have realized £1500; and acquiring the patronage of Lady Betty Thicknesse, became domesticated in her family. On the death of this lady, she married Governor Thicknesse, and accompanied her husband on various journeys. She was with him in France when he died, in 1792, and narrowly escaped execution, Robespierre having sent an order to that effect. On her liberation she returned to England, and died at her house, in the Edgware Road, in 1824, Her principal works are "Biographical Sketches of Literary Females of the French Nation" and "The School of Fashion," a novel.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Thisbe

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THISBE,
A beautiful Babylonian maiden, whose unhappy love for Pyranius has rendered her immortal. The parents of the lovers opposing their union, they were able to converse only through a hole in the wall which separated their parents' houses. They made an appointment to meet at the tomb of Ninus without the city. This became first, and frightened by the appearance of a lioness, she fled to a neighbouring thicket, dropping her mantle in her flight, which was torn to pieces by the animal Pyramus coming ​Just in time to see the torn mantle and the lioness in the distance, concluded that Thisbe had been devoured by the wild beast. In his despair he killed himself with his sword. When Thisbe emerged from her hiding-place, and found Pyramus lying dead, she stabbed herself with the same weapon. They were buried together.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih-chieh

​104 Chang Shih-chieh 張世傑. Died A.D. 1279. A faithful adherent of the Sung dynasty in its final struggle with the conquering Mongols. He had held several posts of importance; and when the great disruption came, he accompanied the young Emperor on his flight southwards. He advised Yai-shan in Kuangtung as a last refuge; and on the approach of Chang Hung-fan's troops, he constructed a kind of floating fort of some thousand vessels lashed together. Chang Hung-fan, however, cut off their supplies, and they were reduced to such straits that they were obliged to drink sea-water, which caused violent vomiting and purging. After the great battle which ensued, he made his escape with ten ships, and under some other representative of the Sung dynasty would have still prolonged the struggle, but he was caught in a typhoon and drowned. See Lu Hsiu-fu.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih-chih

​105 Chang Shih-chih 張釋之 (T. 季). A native of Nan-yang, ​who rose to high office under the Emperor Wên Ti of the Han dynasty, B.C. 179 — 186. It is said that once, in his own court, he stooped down and tied up the stocking of an old man named 王生 Wang Shêng, with whom he was on friendly terms. He also remonstrated with the Emperor when the latter, attracted by the ready wit of one of the petty officials connected with the Imperial menagerie, was about to appoint him Ranger of Forests. Neither did he fear to impeach even the Heir Apparent, when the latter had been guilty of some breach of etiquette.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shu-yeh

​109 Chang Shu-yeh 張叔夜 (T. 稽仲). Died A.D. 1127. A military commander under the Emperor Ch'in Tsung of the Sung dynasty. Summoned to aid in defending the capital against the Chin$^a$ Tartars, he succeeded after a bloody fight, which lasted four days, in defeating their forces and killing two of their generals; but he was not able to keep his advantage, and the city fell. He urged instant flight, and would have got away with the Emperor, had not the latter been bent upon trying his own divine influence in the Tartar camp. The Emperor was made prisoner, and carried away northwards. Chang followed his master's fortunes; but grief prevented him from taking food, and he died on reaching 白溝 Po-kou in Chihli. Canonised as 忠文.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Sêng-yu

​99 Chang Sêng-yu 張僧繇. A famous painter of the 6th cent. ​A.D. He painted two dragons without eyes on the walls of the 安樂死 Temple of Peace and Joy at Nanking, warning people that if the eyes were put in, the dragons would fly away. A sceptic ventured to paint in the eyes of one dragon, when suddenly the wall crashed to ruins and the dragon soared aloft in the sky.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih-nan

​106 Chang Shih-nan 張世南. A native of 鄱陽 P'o-yang in Kiangsi. Flourished under the Sung dynasty, about A.D. 1230. Author of the 游宦紀聞, and other writings on miscellaneous subjects. Held office in Ssŭch'uan and Fuhkien.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang T'ang-ying

​111 Chang T'ang-ying 張唐英 (T. 次功). 11th cent. A.D. A native of 新津 Hsin-chin in Ssŭch'uan, who graduated as chin ​shih, held office in the Han-lin College, and was afterwards a Censor. He was the first to warn the Emperor Ying Tsung against overpartiality for his Imperial relatives. Elder brother of Chang Shang-ying, and author of the following historical and biographical works: 仁宗正要，宋名臣傳，蜀梼杌．
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih

​102 Chang Shih 張寔 (T. 安遜). Died A.D. 320. Son and successor in office and titles to Chang Kuei. In 317 he tried to save the ​Emperor Mi Ti from Liu Yao; but he declined to recognise the Eastern Chin dynasty. While the rest of the west was in a state of anarchy, his people alone enjoyed peace and prosperity. He was assassinated by some of his courtiers. Canonised as 元.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih-ch'êng

​103 Chang Shih-ch'êng 張士誠 (T. 九四). Died A.D. 1367. A salt-trader of T'ai-chou in Kiangsu, who with his brothers raised the standard of revolt in 1353, and after capturing T'ai-chou proclaimed himself Prince 誠 Ch'êng of Chou. In the following year he made an unsuccessful attack on Yang-chou, but in 1356 he got possession of Soochow and Hangchow. In 1357 fear of Chu Yüan-chang (see Hung Wu) drove him back to his allegiance; but he still remained practically independent, and in 1363, after the capture of 安豐 An-fêng in Anhui and death of 劉福通 Liu Fu-t'ung, he took the title of Prince of Wu, and refused to forward the tribute rice. Four years later, being attacked by Chu Yüan-chang, he fled to Nanking, where he committed suicide.
# A Chinese Biographical Dictionary/Chang Shih-tsai

​107 Chang Shih-tsai 張師載 (T. 又渠. H. 愚齋) A.D. 1696 - 1764. Son of Chang Po-hsing. Distinguished for his conservation of the Yellow River, of which he became Director-General in 1754. Author of the 治水方畧, a work on river conservation, and of a collection of essays entitled 改過齋文集. Canonised as 慤敬.