# Zionism

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HANDBOOKS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE HISTORICAL SECTION OF THE FOREIGN OFFICE.—No. 162
ZIONISM
LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY H. M. STATIONERY OFFICE.
1920
EDITORIAL NOTE
In the spring of 1917 the Foreign Ofﬁce, in connexion with the preparation which they were making for the work of the Peace Conference, established a special section whose duty it should be to provide the British Delegates to the Peace Conference with information in the most convenient form—geographical, economic, historical, social, religious, and political—respecting the different countries, districts, islands, &c., with which they might have to deal. In addition, volumes were prepared on certain general subjects, mostly of an historical nature, concerning which it appeared that a special study would be useful.
The historical information was compiled by trained writers on historical subjects, who (in most cases) gave their services without any remuneration. For the geographical sections valuable assistance was given by the Intelligence Division (Naval Staff) of the Admiralty; and for the economic sections, by the War Trade Intelligence Department, which had been established by the Foreign Office. Of the maps accompanying the series, some were prepared by the above-mentioned department of the Admiralty, but the bulk of them were the work of the Geographical Section of the General Staff (Military Intelligence Division) of the War Office.
Now that the Conference has nearly completed its task, the Foreign Office, in response to numerous inquiries and requests, has decided to issue the books for public use, believing that they will be useful to students of history, politics, economics, and foreign affairs, to publicists generally and to business men and travellers. It is hardly necessary to say that some of the subject's dealt with in the series have not in fact come under discussion at the Peace Conference; but, as the books treating of them contain valuable information, it has been thought advisable to include them.
​It must be understood that, although the series of volumes was prepared under the authority, and is now issued with the sanction, of the Foreign Ofﬁce, that Office is not to be regarded as guaranteeing the accuracy of every statement which they contain or as identifying itself with all the opinions expressed in the several volumes; the books were not prepared in the Foreign Office itself, but are in the nature of information provided for the Foreign Office and the British Delegation.
The books are now published, with a few exceptions, substantially as they were issued for the use of the Delegates. No attempt has been made to bring them up to date, for, in the ﬁrst place, such a process would have entailed a great loss of time and a prohibitive expense; and, in the second, the political and other conditions of a great part of Europe and of the Nearer and Middle East are still unsettled and in such a state of ﬂux that any attempt to describe them would have been incorrect or misleading. The books are therefore to be taken as describing, in general, ante-bellum conditions, though in a few cases, where it seemed specially desirable, the account has been brought down to a later date.
G. W. PROTHERO,
General Editor and formerly
January 1920.
Director of the Historical Section.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
* Chronological Summary................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
* 1Zionism in the Bible................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2
* 2Home Rule in Palestine under the Persians and Greeks................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
* 3After the Roman Conquest................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7
* 4The Reformation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8
* 5The French Revolution................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
* 6Montefiore, Shaftesbury, and Mordecai Noah................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................13
* 7Jewish Emancipation in England................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................16
* 8Anti-Semitism and Modern Zionism................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................20
* 9The Origin of Modern Zionism................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................21
* 10Herzl................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................23
* 11The Zionist Congresses................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
* 12The Basel Programme................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31
* 13Organization................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31
* 14The Jewish National Fund................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................34
* 15Zionism and the Jewish Community................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................36
* 16The Future of Palestine................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................44
* Authorities................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................48