OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 13

THE MOST obvious point that presents itself to us in examining any object, is its extent or quantity. And what degree of extent prevails in bodies that are held beautiful, may be gathered from the usual manner of expression concerning it. I am told that, in most languages, the objects of love are spoken of under diminutive epithets. It is so in all languages of which I have any knowledge. In Greek the [Greek] and other diminutive terms are almost always the terms of affection and tenderness. These diminutives were commonly added by the Greeks to the names of persons with whom they conversed on terms of friendship and familiarity. Though the Romans were a people of less quick and delicate feelings, yet they naturally slid into the lessening termination upon the same occasions. Anciently in the English language the diminishing ling was added to the names of persons and things that were the objects of love. Some we retain still, as darling, (or little dear,) and a few others. But, to this day, in ordinary conversation, it is usual to add the endearing name of little to everything we love: the French and Italians make use of these affectionate diminutives even more than we. In the animal creation, out of our own species, it is the small we are inclined to be fond of; little birds, and some of the smaller kinds of beasts. A great beautiful thing is a manner of expression scarcely ever used; but that of a great ugly thing is very common. There is a wide difference between admiration and love. The sublime, which is the cause of the former, always dwells on great objects, and terrible; the latter on small ones, and pleasing; we submit to what we admire, but we love what submits to us; in one case we are forced, in the other we are flattered, into compliance. In short, the ideas of the sublime and the beautiful stand on foundations so different, that it is hard, I had almost said impossible, to think of reconciling them in the same subject, without considerably lessening the effect of the one or the other upon the passions. So that, attending to their quantity, beautiful objects are comparatively small.
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 19

THE physiognomy has a considerable share in beauty, especially in that of our own species. The manners give a certain determination to the countenance; which, being observed to correspond pretty regularly with them, is capable of joining the effect of certain agreeable qualities of the mind to those of the body. So that to form a finished human beauty, and to give it its full influence, the face must be expressive of such gentle and amiable qualities as correspond with the softness, smoothness, and delicacy of the outward form.
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 15

BUT as perfectly beautiful bodies are not composed of angular parts, so their parts never continue long in the same right line. They vary their direction every moment, and they change under the eye by a deviation continually carrying on, but for whose beginning or end you will find it difficult to ascertain a point. The view of a beautiful bird will illustrate this observation. Here we see the head increasing insensibly to the middle, from whence it lessens gradually until it mixes with the neck; the neck loses itself in larger swell, which continues to the middle of the body, when the whole decreases again to the tail; the tail takes a new direction; but it soon varies its new course: it blends again with the other parts; and the line is perpetually changing, above, below, upon every side. In this description I have before me the idea of a dove; it agrees very well with most of the conditions of beauty. It is smooth and downy; its parts are (to use that expression) melted into one another; you are presented with no sudden protuberance through the whole, and yet the whole is continually changing. Observe that part of a beautiful woman where she is perhaps the most beautiful, about the neck and breasts; the smoothness; the softness; the easy and insensible swell; the variety of the surface, which is never for the smallest space the same; the deceitful maze, through which the unsteady eye slides giddily, without knowing where to fix or whither it is carried. Is not this a demonstration of that change of surface, continual, and yet hardly perceptible at any point, which forms one of the great constituents of beauty? It gives me no small pleasure to find that I can strengthen my theory in this point, by the opinion of the very ingenious Mr. Hogarth; whose idea of the line of beauty I take in general to be extremely just. But the idea of variation, without attending so accurately to the manner of the variation, has led him to consider angular figures as beautiful: these figures, it is true, vary greatly; yet they vary in a sudden and broken manner; and I do not find any natural object which is angular, and at the same time beautiful. Indeed few natural objects are entirely angular. But I think those which approach the most nearly to it are the ugliest. I must add too, that, so far as I could observe of nature, though the varied line is that alone in which complete beauty is found, yet there is no particular line which is always found in the most completely beautiful, and which is therefore beautiful in preference to all other lines. At least I never could observe it.

## Notes

* ↑ Part IV. sect. 23.
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 16

AN AIR of robustness and strength is very prejudicial to beauty. An appearance of delicacy, and even of fragility, is almost essential to it. Whoever examines the vegetable or animal creation will find this observation to be founded in nature. It is not the oak, the ash, or the elm, or any of the robust trees of the forest, which we consider as beautiful; they are awful and majestic; they inspire a sort of reverence. It is the delicate myrtle, it is the orange, it is the almond, it is the jasmine, it is the vine, which we look on as vegetable beauties. It is the flowery species, so remarkable for its weakness and momentary duration, that gives us the liveliest idea of beauty and elegance. Among animals, the greyhound is more beautiful than the mastiff; and the delicacy of a gennet, a barb, or an Arabian horse, is much more amiable than the strength and stability of some horses of war or carriage. I need here say little of the fair sex, where I believe the point will be easily allowed me. The beauty of women is considerably owing to their weakness or delicacy, and is even enhanced by their timidity, a quality of mind analogous to it. I would not here be understood to say, that weakness betraying very bad health has any share in beauty; but the ill effect of this is not because it is weakness, but because the ill state of health, which produces such weakness, alters the other conditions of beauty; the parts in such a case collapse; the bright color, the lumen purpureum juventæ, is gone; and the fine variation is lost in wrinkles, sudden breaks, and right lines.
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 17

AS to the colours usually found in beautiful bodies, it may be somewhat difficult to ascertain them, because, in the several parts of nature, there is an infinite variety. However, even in this variety, we may mark out something on which to settle. First, the colours of beautiful bodies must not be dusky or muddy, but clean and fair. Secondly, they must not be of the strongest kind. Those which seem most appropriated to beauty, are the milder of every sort; light greens; soft blues; weak whites; pink reds; and violets. Thirdly, if the colours be strong and vivid, they are always diversified, and the object is never of one strong colour; there are almost always such a number of them, (as in variegated flowers,) that the strength and glare of each is considerably abated. In a fine complexion, there is not only some variety in the colouring, but the colours: neither the red nor the white are strong and glaring. Besides, they are mixed in such a manner, and with such gradations, that it is impossible to fix the bounds. On the same principle it is, that the dubious colour in the necks and tails of peacocks, and about the heads of drakes, is so very agreeable. In reality, the beauty both of shape and colouring are as nearly related, as we can well suppose it possible for things of such different natures to be.
# On the Sublime and Beautiful/Part III/Chapter 18

ON the whole, the qualities of beauty, as they are merely sensible qualities, are the following: First, to be comparatively small. Secondly, to be smooth. Thirdly, to have a variety in the direction of the parts; but, fourthly, to have those parts not angular, but melted as it were into each other. Fifthly, to be of a delicate frame, without any remarkable appearance of strength. Sixthly, to have its colours clear and bright, but not very strong and glaring. Seventhly, or if it should have any glaring colour, to have it diversified with others. These are, I believe, the properties on which beauty depends; properties that operate by nature, and are less liable to be altered by caprice, or confounded by a diversity of tastes, than any other.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. J. Hotham

Layout 2
Rev. J. Hotham,
CONGREGATIONALIST, died May 26, 1885, at Port Elliot, where he had been for thirty years stationed. As a preacher he enjoyed an excellent reputation, and his style was polished and marked by much earnestness. He was elected Chairman of the Congregational Union some years ago, and filled the position for the usual term in a creditable manner.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. E. G. Day

Layout 2
Rev. E. G. Day,
BORN in London, June 30, 1810; received the elementary principles of his education from his father, and was afterwards comparatively self-taught Having early acquired a taste for literature, he read much on a variety of subjects, and especially acquired a great liking for the writings and teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg, of whose views he is at present an advanced and earnest exponent. He arrived in Adelaide by the "Countess of Yarborough" June 20, 1850, and was first engaged as assistant lay preacher to Mr. Jacob Pitman, of the New Jerusalem Church. On Mr. Pitman leaving the colony in 1859, Mr. Day was appointed his successor. He was ordained in February 1878, since which period he has continued his gratuitous services to this church in Adelaide. Mr. Day has been a voluminous contributor to the Press, and has published several interesting theological works. He has also given lectures, and entered into much controversial correspondence with those opposed to his views. As the oldest and only public-teaching representative of the Swedenborgian Church in South Australia, he is certainly entitled to a passing notice in this work.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. Francis Robert Coghlan, B.A.

Layout 2
Rev. Francis Robert Coghlan, B.A.,
WELL known as the Incumbent of St. Bedes, Semaphore, and one of the most eloquent of divines, died June 7, 1885. Educated at an Oxford College, he possessed those qualifications which betoken the accomplished orator, whilst to these were added true kindliness of heart and sympathy for the deserving. Shortly after his arrival he was first engaged in the curacy of Christchurch, North Adelaide, and there established the Christchurch Collegiate School, in which his eminent abilities secured him many pupils. On the death of the late Rev. Jas. Pollitt, Mr. Coghlan was appointed to the incumbency of St. Luke's, Whitmore-square, and this he retained until compelled to resign it by failing health, when he left this cure and went to the Semaphore, where he was associated with the Rev. Mr. Young in a Collegiate School. He was only 40 years of age at the time of his decease.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. Geo. W. Patchell, M.A.

Layout 2
Rev. Geo. W. Patchell, M.A.,
BORN in Ireland, April, 1832. Entered as probationer W into the ministry of the Wesleyan Church, in Ireland, in 1857. Arrived in Adelaide in 1866, and was from that period up to the time of his death fully employed in preaching in the several "Wesleyan circuits of this colony. He took part in the proceedings of the Conference of January 9, 1883; and whilst speaking in favour of Bible-reading in State Schools, was suddenly seized with apoplexy, and shortly after expired. After his decease a Patchell Relief Fund was initiated, with good results, to aid the widow and family of the deceased.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. Henry Higginson

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Rev. Henry Higginson
WAS educated for the Unitarian Ministry at Manchester New College, England, but after a few years relinquished his ministrations and studied the profession of a civil engineer, for which he had naturally a great aptitude. He came to Adelaide in 1849, and was soon after appointed one of the surveyors under the Central Road Board, but was subsequently transferred to the Draftsman's Department under Captain Freeling, then Surveyor-General, where he was largely employed in compiling maps and plans. He was afterwards appointed secretary to the Port Adelaide Railway Company, and held that position for several years. In I860, on the occurrence of a vacancy in the pulpit of the Melbourne Unitarian Church, Mr. Higginson offered his services, which were accepted, and he continued to act in the capacity of preacher until ill-health caused him to retire. As a minister he was singularly thoughtful and original. He died in Melbourne on April 17, 1873.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. J. C. Woods, B.A.

Layout 2
Rev. J. C. Woods, B.A.,
IS a native of Woodville, Bangor, Co. Down, Ireland, and the son of the late Rev. Hugh Woods, A.M. He was born in 1824, and received his early education under private tutors. In 1839 he graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and in 1843 took the degree of B.A. and obtained prizes in Greek and Moral Philosophy. After studying theology at Belfast, Mr. Woods directed his attention to medicine, and spent a year in a medical establishment in Norfolk. On leaving this occupation he was for some time engaged in teaching in Cheshire. Believing, however, as a minister he could effect more good, he adopted that as his future profession and officiated at Devonport, Northampton, Edinburgh, and the Isle of Wight. Mr. Woods arrived in Adelaide in 1855, and with the exception of a two years' visit to the old country, has resided here ever since. He is the representative head of the Unitarian Church in South Australia, and highly esteemed by all classes for the liberality of his opinions. His discourses are eloquent and forcible,, and as an orator he is much admired
# Notable South Australians/Rev. Frederick Searle

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Rev. Frederick Searle,
CONGREGATIONALIST. Born July 24, 1848, at Tavistock, Devonshire, England; died at College Park, July 24, 1883, aged 35. Educated in Somersetshire. Even as a boy he evinced strong religious tendencies, which, matured by time, brought him to the front as an earnest and zealous minister. He arrived in Adelaide in 1864, under engagement to Messrs. G. & R. Wills & Co., wholesale drapers, and by his diligence and business-like qualifications was ultimately appointed manager of one of the most important departments by the firm. Entered the ministry in 1876, being actuated ​to take such a step by the belief that he could there do much good. For some time previously he was engaged in lay-preaching, but the better to qualify himself for a clerical position he went to England in April, 1876, and there became a student at New College, under Dr. Newth. Returned to South Australia in October, 1879, to take charge of the pastorate of the College Park Congregational Church, and retained this position until April, 1883, when failing health caused him to resign. Mr. Searle was an advocate for funeral reform, and his funeral, in accordance with his request, was not marked by the usual symbols of mourning. He left a wife and three children, a brother (Mr. R. Searle), and a mother (Mrs. Searle) well known in connection with philanthropic work in Adelaide.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. E. Baker

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Rev. E. Baker
ARRIVED in the colony about forty years ago, and was for a considerable time pastor of the Independent Church at Maclaren Vale. Was a staunch member of the Anti-State Aid League, and materially aided its efforts by tongue and pen. Died at Morphett Vale, January 20, 1885, aged 78. A man of liberal opinions and advanced views, he was eminently esteemed.
# Notable South Australians/Rev. F. Slaney Poole, M.A.

Layout 2
Rev. F. Slaney Poole, M.A.
BORN at Maidstone, Kent, in 1845. At an early age went with his parents to Manchester, where he attended the ancient Grammar School of that city, presided over by Mr. F. W. Walker, the present Head Master of St. Paul's School, London. After passing from the lowest form to the highest, Mr. Poole obtained a sizarship and Somerset ​Exhibition at St. John's College Cambridge, where he graduated as B.A. in 1866, and M.A. in 1875. After holding an assistant mastership at Stockport Grammar School, he turned his attention to South Australia. Arrived here in 1867, and was ordained in 1868. The rev. gentleman has held the following appointments:—The incumbencies of St. Peter's, Kobe; Christ Church, Strathalbyn; and St. John's, Adelaide. He conducted for a short time the Grammar School at Mount Gambier, and was interim lecturer in classics at the Adelaide University in the year 1878. He has now been the incumbent of St. John's Church for a period of ten years, and also held a prominent position amongst the Freemasons, as the Grand Chaplain of that order in South Australia.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VIII/Chapter 15

Epistle XXIII.
To Fantinus, Guardian (Defensorem).
Gregory to Fantinus, &c.
From the information of the lady abbess of the monastery of Saint Stephen in the territory of Agrigentum we find that many of the Jews, divine grace inspiring them, wish to be converted to the Christian faith; but that it is necessary for some one to go thither by our command. Accordingly we enjoin thee, in virtue of the authority hereby given thee, that, putting aside every excuse, thou make haste to go to the aforesaid place, and with the favour of God aid their desire by thy exhortations. If, however, it seems long and dreary for them to look forward to the Paschal solemnity, and thou findest them anxious for baptism now, then lest long delay should possibly change their minds (which God forbid), speak thou with our brother the bishop of that place, that, penitence and abstinence having been prescribed them for forty days, he may baptize them under the protection of the mercy of Almighty God on a Lord’s day, or on any very noted festival that may chance to occur; since the character of the present time too, on account of impending calamity, impels us not to defer the fulfilment of their desires by any procrastination. Further, whomsoever of them thou ascertainest to be poor and without sufficient means for buying vestments for themselves, we desire thee to supply with vestments for their baptism; and know that the price that thou mayest give for them is to be charged in thy accounts. But, if they should choose to wait for the holy season of Easter, speak again with the bishop, that they may for the present become catechumens, and that he may go to them frequently, and pay careful attention to them, and kindle their minds by the admonition of his exhortations, so that the more distant the expected festival is, the more may they prepare themselves and with fervent desire look forward to it.
Furthermore, let it be thy care to enquire with all zeal and diligence whether the above-named monastery over which the aforesaid lady presides has sufficient means, or whether it suffers any need. And whatever thou mayest truly ascertain, as well as what is done with respect to those who desire to be baptized, make haste to inform us in full. The Month of June, first Indiction.
# Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume XII/Gregory the Great/Register of Epistles/Book VIII/Chapter 12

Epistle XX.
To Marinianus, Bishop of Ravenna.
Gregory to Marinianus, &c.
John, the bearer of these presents, complains that his wife, flying from the molestations of one George, has long been residing within venerable precincts, and has so far met with no assistance. Since she asserts that there is a dispute about her condition, and has asked that it should be commended to your Fraternity, we hereby exhort you that you afford your protection to this woman, and permit her not to be in any way aggrieved by any one unreasonably. But if the question about her station still continues, let it be your care that, without any oppression, and in a legal manner, it may be submitted for judgment; so that when, after ascertainment of the truth, what is agreeable to the order of law has been determined, neither party may complain of having suffered wrong. The month of May, first Indiction.

## Footnotes

* ↑ The woman had fled to the precincts of some church for protection from one George, who apparently claimed her as his slave. The right of temporary asylum in sacred precincts, from which refugees could not be taken without the bishop’s assent, rested on imperial edicts.  “Vide lib. I. Cod., tit. 12, cap. 3, ubi imperatores Theodosius et Valentianus plurima de septis ecclesiasticis statuunt.…Vocantur etiam claustra dominica, et continent atria et porticus ecclesiæ, domum episcopi, xxx vel xl passus in circuitu, et domus quæ iu eis fuerint. Tandem cessavit ista immunitas ob abusus.” (Note to I. 37 in Migne’s Patrilogia). Cf. X. 37, where directions are given to Januarius, bishop of Cagliari, for his course of action in such cases.
* ↑ I.e. as to whether she was a free-woman or a slave.