OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Plautius, Novius

​PLAU′TIUS, NO′VIUS, a Roman artist, in the department of ornamental metal-work (caelatura). He was the maker of one of the most admired of those cylindrical bronze caskets (cistae mysticae), which are found in tombs in Italy, containing pa- terae, mirrors, and utensils of the bath, such as strigils. The greatest number of such caskets have been found at Praeneste, where some of them seem to have been laid up in the temple of Fortune, as votive offerings from women. The one which bears the name of Plautius is beautifully engraved with subjects from the Argonautic expedition; a hunt is engraved round the lid, which is surmounted by three figures in bronze; and on the lid is the fol lowing inscription: on the one side, dindia . ma- COLINA . FILKA . DEDIT, — on the other, NOVIOS . I'LAUTios. MED . (me) ROMAi . FECiD. From the style of the workmanship and of the inscription, the date of the artist is supposed to be about A. u. 500, B. c. 254. (Winckelmann, Gesch. d. Kunst, b. viii. c. 4. § 7 ; Müller, Arch. d. Kunst, § 173, n. 4.) [P. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Pleione

​PLEI'ONE (Πληϊόνη), a daughter of Oceanus, and mother of the Pleiades by Atlas. (Apollod. iii. 10. § 1; Pind. Fragm. 53; comp. Atlas; Pleiades.) [L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Plautius Rufus

​PLAU′TIUS RUFUS. [Rufus.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Plancus 4.

​4. Cn. Munatius Plancus, brother of the two preceding, praetor elect B. C. 44, was charged by Caesar in that year with the assignment to his soldiers of lands at Buthrotum in Epeirus. As Atticus possessed property in the neighbourhood, Cicero commended to Plancus with much earnestness the interests of his friend. In the following year, B. C. 43, Plancus was praetor, and was allowed by the senate to join his brother Lucius in Transalpine Gaul, where he negotiated on his brother's behalf with Lepidus, and distinguished himself by his activity in the command of the cavalry of his brother's army. His exertions brought on a fever : for this reason, and also because the two consuls had perished, he was sent back to Rome by Lucius. (Cic. ad Att. xvi. 16, ad Fam. x. 6. 11, 15, 17,21.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Plautius Lateranus

​PLAU′TIUS LATERA′NUS. [Lateranus.]
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cavenagh, Sir Orfeur

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​CAVENAGH, SIR ORFEUR (1821–1891)
General : son of James Gordon Cavenagh : educated at Addiscombe : entered the Army : was through the Gwalior campaign : lost a leg at Maharajupr, 1843 : in the Satlaj campaign at Badiwal : in charge of the Mysore Princes and ex-Amirs of Sind : had political charge of Sir Jang Bahadur and the Nipalese embassy to England, 1850 : was Town Major of Fort William, Calcutta, during the mutiny : frustrated the plot of the mutineers to seize the Fort : recommended the formation of the Volunteer Guards : Governor of the Straits Settlements, 1859–67 : Lt-General, 1874 : K.C.S.I., 1881 : died July 7, 1891 : wrote Reminiscences of an Indian Official.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chalmers, Mackenzie Dalzell

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​CHALMERS, MACKENZIE DALZELL (1847–)
Born Feb. 7, 1847 : son of Rev. F. Chalmers, D.D., educated at King's College, London, and Trinity College, Oxford : served in the Indian Civil Service, 1869–72 : held several legal appointments as Judge of County Courts and Acting Chief Justice of Gibraltar : Legal Member of the Viceroy's Council, 1896, retired, 1899 : Parliamentary Counsel to the Treasury, 1902–3 : Permanent Under Secretary in the Home Department, 1903 : contributed Articles to the Dictionary of Political Economy, and the Encyclopadia Britannica : author of Digest of the Law of Sale, Digest of the Law of Bills of Ex-change : C.S.I. : C.B.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chalmers, Robert

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​CHALMERS, ROBERT ( ? –1878)
Lt-Colonel : joined the Indian Army, 1849 : in the mutiny his regt., the 1st Oudh Irregular Infantry, mutinied : he narrowly escaped to Allahabad : joined a regt. proceeding to relieve Cawnpur : carried back news of the massacre at Cawnpur, 44 miles, to Allahabad, through country teeming with a hostile population : was in Havelock's engagements about Cawnpur, in the relief of Lucknow, in its subsequent defence, the fighting at Alambagh, and the final capture of Lucknow, ​in March, 1858 : died, which commanding the 14th Bengal Lancers, Aug. 11, 1878.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chamberlain, Sir Neville Bowles

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​CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820–1902)
Field Marshal : second son of Sir Henry Orlando Chamberlain, first Baronet : born 1820 : educated for a short time at Woolwich : at 17 entered the Bengal Army: in the first Afghan war was with Nott's force : at the occupation of Kandahar, at Ghazni, Kabul and Istalif : constantly wounded : was in the Governor-General's bodyguard : in the Gwalior campaign, D.A.Q.M.G. : at Maharajpur : in the second Sikh war, at Chilianwala and Gujarat : complimented by the C. in C. for personal gallantry : Commandant of Panjab Military Police : Military Secretary to the Panjab Government : Commandant of the Panjab Frontier Force : commanded several expeditions against the frontier tribes : in the mutiny of 1857 was in charge of the movable column of the Panjab until he became Adjutant-General of the Army at Delhi, and Brig-General : severely wounded there and disabled : C.B. and A.D.C. to Queen Victoria : commanded operations against the Waziris : K.C.B. : commanded in the Umbeyla campaign in 1863, until severely wounded when personally leading an assault of a difficult position : Maj-General : G.C.S.I., 1873 : G.C.B., 1875 : commanded the Madras Army, 1876–81 : in 1878 selected, by Lord Lytton, to lead a special mission to the Amir Shir Ali : the stopping of the mission at Ali Masjid was the immediate ground of the second Afghan war the was personally in harmony with Lord Lawrence's frontier policy : Military-Member of Supreme Council, Nov. 1878– Jan. 1879 : retired, 1881 : severely criticised the policy of part of the Boer war, 1899–1902 : Field Marshal in 1900 : died Feb. 17, 1902.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chalmers, Sir John M.

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​CHALMERS, SIR JOHN M. (1756–1818)
Son of Patrick Chalmers : joined the Madras Infantry in 1775 : made a gallant defence of Coimbatore, June-Nov. 1791, with only a small force, against Tippoo's troops : obliged to capitulate : taken prisoner to Seringapatam, his release effected by Cornwallis in Feb. 1792 : commanded the force at Travancore, 1803–9, and the N. Division of the Madras Army, 1812–7 : Maj-General, 1812 : K.C.B., 1815. After 42 years' service in Madras, he died on the voyage home, March 31, 1818.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chamberlain, Sir Neville Francis Fitzgerald

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​CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE FRANCIS FITZGERALD (1856–)
Born Jan. 13, 1856 : son of Lt-Colonel Charles Chamberlain, C.B. : educated abroad and at Brentwood School, Essex : joined the Army, 1873 : Central India Horse, 1876 : on the staff of Sir F. Roberts through the Afghan war, 1878–80 : A.D.C. to Sir F. Roberts when C. in C, Madras, 1881–5 : Persian Interpreter, 1885–90 : served in the Burma campaign, 1886–7 : re-organized the Kashmir Army, 1890–7 : commanded the Khyber Force, 1899 : Private Secretary to Lord Roberts in S. African war : Inspr-General Royal Irish Constabulary since 1900 : C.B. in 1900 : K.C.B., 1903 : retired as Colonel from the Indian Staff Corps.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chamberlain, Rev. John

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​CHAMBERLAIN, REV. JOHN (1777–1821)
Son of John Chamberlain : born July 24, 1777 : accepted as a probationer for missionary work, 1798 : preached at Olney : studied under Dr. Ryland at the Academy at Bristol : sent to India by the Baptist Missionary Society in 1802, via America : arrived at Serampur, Jan. 1803: visited Dinajpur, 1804 : established himself at Katwa, May, 1804 : carried on a cloth business, and built a school : visited Berhampur : removed to Agra, 1811 : sent down to Calcutta by order of Government : appointed, 1812, tutor at Sardhana to David Dyce Sombre, great-grandson of Begam Sanuru : established schools and preached frequently : also at Hardwar, for which he was ordered to Calcutta, 1815 : went to Serampur, and up the river to Ghazipur : settled at Monghyr, 1816 : made missionary tours to Benares, Mirzapur, etc. : ordered home for ill-health, Sep.. 1821 : died at sea, Dec. 6, 1821.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chamberlain, Sir Crawford Trotter

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​CHAMBERLAIN, SIR CRAWFORD TROTTER (1821–1902)
Third son of Sir Henry O. Chamberlain, Bart., younger brother of Sir Neville Bowles Chamberlain (q.v.) : born May, 1821 : entered the Army in 1837, was in the Afghan war of 1839–42, at the siege and capture of Ghazni, and in various actions near Kandahar : in the Panjab campaign in 1848–9 : at Chilianwala and Gujarat, in the pursuit of the Sikh Army and its final surrender : wounded : Brevet-Major : commanded the 1st Irregular Cavalry, Skinner's Horse, over whom he had extraordinary influence : in the mutiny in 1857 distinguished himself by disarming, with "undaunted courage and coolness," the 62nd and 69th Bengal N.I., at Multan : engaged against the rebels, and was besieged in a sarai for some days : Lt-Colonel after the mutiny : C.S.I, in 1866 : General in 1880 : G.C.I.E. in 1897 : died Dec. 13, 1902.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cave-Browne, Edward Raban-

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​CAVE-BROWNE, EDWARD RABAN- (1835–)
Born May 29, 1835 : son of Lt-Colonel Edward Cave-Browne : educated at the College School, Taunton : clerk in the East India House, 1854 : rose to be Accountant-General in the India Office from 1893 : retired in 1900 : C.S.I, in 1898.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Chambers, Sir Charles Harcourt

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​CHAMBERS, SIR CHARLES HARCOURT (1789–1828)
Born Aug. 31, 1789 : nephew of Sir Robert Chambers, (1737–1803), C.J. Bengal (1789–99): educated at Cambridge, Fellow of Trinity College : B.A., 1809 : M.A., 1814 : practised at the bar at the Mayor's Court, Chester, and elsewhere : in 1823 appointed a Puisne Judge of the new Supreme Court, Bombay, opened May 8, 1824 : knighted by Geo. III : the Supreme Court, while he was judge, passed severe strictures on the arbitrary proceedings of the executive officers of the E. I. Co., including the magistracy and the police : the Civil Government defied the Court's authority and instructed the Company's officers not to assist the Court's officials : the Court refused to register a stringent Regulation of the Bombay Government against the liberty of the Press : on the death of the Chief Justice, Sir E. West, on Aug. 13, 1828, Chambers acted as C.J., and continued opposing the Government : Lord Ellenborough, as President of the Board of Control, supported the Executive : Chambers, still in opposition, died Oct. 13, 1828, leaving Sir "Grant, Sir John Peter," in Dictionary of Indian Biography, by C. E. Buckland, London: Swan Sonnenschein (1906) (q.v.) alone : buried in the Cathedral, Bombay : he wrote, in England, on legal subjects.
# Constitution of New South Wales

* Constitution Act, 1902 (original enactment)
* Constitution of New South Wales (current; most recently revised by the COVID-19 Legislation Amendment (Stronger Communities and Health) Act 2021) (external scan)
# Constitution of Nevada

* related portals: Constitutional documents, Nevada.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, Wikidata item.

## Preamble

We the people of the State of Nevada Grateful to Almighty God for our freedom in order to secure its blessings, insure domestic tranquility, and form a more perfect Government, do establish this CONSTITUTION.

## Article I

All men are by Nature free and equal and have certain inalienable rights among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty; Acquiring, Possessing, and Protecting property and pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness. All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for the protection, security and benefit of people; and they have the right to alter or reform the same whenever the public good may require it. But the Paramount Allegiance of every citizen is due to the Federal Government in the exercise of all its Constitutional powers
as the same have been or may be defined by the Supreme Court of the United States; and no power exists in the people of this or any other State of the Federal Union to dissolve their connection therewith or perform any act tending to impair, subvert, or resist the Supreme Authority of the government of the United States. The Constitution of the United States confers full power on the Federal Government to maintain and Perpetuate its existence, and whensoever any portion of the States, or people thereof attempt to secede from the Federal Union, or forcibly resist the Execution of its laws, the Federal Government may, by the warrant of the Constitution, employ armed force in compelling obedience to its authority.
# Constitution of North Korea

The Constitution of 8 September 1948 with subsequent amendments:
* Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1948)
* Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1955)
The Constitution of 27 December 1972 with subsequent amendments:
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1972)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1992)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1998)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2009)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2010)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2012)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2013)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2016)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2019)
* Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2023)
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bayley, Walter

1904 Errata appended.
​BAYLEY, WALTER (1529–1593), physician, called in Latin Bailæus and in English books also Baley and Baily, was born at Portsham, Dorset, in which county his father was a squire. He was educated at Winchester school, and became a fellow of New College in 1550. He graduated M.B. 1557, and M.D. 1563. He was already in holy orders, and was a canon of Wells until 1579. In 1561 he had been appointed regius professor of physic at Oxford. Queen Elizabeth made him one of her physicians, he entered the service of the Earl of Leicester, and was elected fellow of the College of Physicians in 1581. He enjoyed large practice, and died in 1592–3. He is buried in the Chapel of New College, and his son William put up a tablet to his memory. In 1587 he published ‘A Brief Discours of certain Bathes … in the Countie of Warwicke neere … Newnam Regis,’ but ‘A Brief Treatise of the Preservation of the Eyesight’ is the best known of Dr. Bayley's works. It appeared in 1586, and was reprinted in 1616 at Oxford. The book contains but one observation of his own, recording how one Hoorde preserved his sight till over eighty-four years of age: ‘hee told me that about the age of forty years, finding his sight to decay, he did use eye-bright in ale for his drinke, and did also eate the powder thereof in an egge three daies in a weeke, being so taught of his father, who by the like order continued his sight in good integrity to a very long age.’ Of general history the only fact to be learned from the book is that a new method of brewing had come in in Queen Elizabeth's reign, and that some still preferred ale ‘made with grout according ​to the old order of brewing.’ For the rest the little treatise is merely an exposition in English of the opinions on its subject of Rhases, Avicenna, Arnaldus de Villa Nova, and other mediæval authorities.
[Munk's Roll, i.; Bayley's Brief Treatise, ed. 1616.]
N. M.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.18 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 445 | ii | 21 | Bayley, Walter: for 1592 read 1593 |
| | | 34 | after 1681 insert He was in the service of the Earl of Leicester (cf. Leicester's Commonwealth) |
| 446 | i | 5 | after authorities add Bayley also wrote 'A Brief Discourse of Certaine Bathes on Mineral Waters in the Co. of warwick,' London, 1582 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Baylies, William

​BAYLIES, WILLIAM (1724–1787), physician, born in 1724, was a native of Worcestershire, and practised for some years as an apothecary. After marrying the daughter of Thomas Cooke, a wealthy attorney of Evesham, he began the study of medicine, obtained the degree of M.D. at Aberdeen on 18 Dec. 1748, and was elected a fellow of the Edinburgh College of Physicians on 7 Aug. 1757. He practised for many years at Bath, and published in 1757 ‘Reflections on the Use and Abuse of Bath Waters,’ which involved him in a dispute with Dr. Lucas and Dr. Oliver, the two chief doctors of the city. He issued a pamphlet concerning this quarrel—‘A Narrative of Facts demonstrating the existence and course of a physical confederacy, made known in the printed letters of Dr. Lucas and Dr. Oliver,’ 1757. But the controversy ruined Baylies's practice, and he removed to London, and on 8 Nov. 1764 was appointed physician to the Middlesex Hospital. He unsuccessfully contested the representation of Evesham in parliament in 1761, and petitioned against the return of one of his rivals, but withdrew the petition before the day of hearing (15 Dec.) He became licentiate of the College of Physicians in London on 30 Sept. 1765, and made himself notorious by the magnificent entertainments he repeatedly gave at his house in Great George Street, Westminster. Pecuniary difficulties forced him to leave England for Germany. He first settled at Dresden, and afterwards at Berlin, where he obtained the post of physician to Frederick the Great. It is said that the King of Prussia at an early interview with Baylies remarked to him that ‘to have acquired such skill he must have killed a great many people,’ and that the doctor replied, ‘Pas tant que votre Majesté.’ Baylies died at Berlin on 2 March 1789, and left his library to the King of Prussia. A portrait of him by H. Schmid, engraved by D. Berger, was published at Berlin. Baylies was the author of the following works (besides those already mentioned): 1. ‘Remarks on Perry's Analysis of the Stratford Mineral Water,’ Stratford-on-Avon, 1745. 2. ‘A History of the General Hospital at Bath,’ London, 1758. 3. ‘Facts and Observations relative to Inoculation at Berlin,’ Edinburgh, 1781, of which a French translation was previously issued at Dresden in 1776.
[Munk's College of Physicians, ii. 271–2; Gent. Mag. 1787, pt. ii. 857; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bayly, Anselm

​BAYLY, ANSELM (d. 1794), author of various works, chiefly of a theological and critical nature, was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he took the degree of B.C.L. on 12 June 1749. He entered the church and rose to some distinction in that profession, becoming minor canon of St. Paul's and also of Westminster, and sub-dean of the Chapel Royal. On 15 Jan. 1750–1 he was presented by the chapter of St. Paul's to the vicarage of Tottenham, Middlesex. In 1764 (10 July) he took the degree of D.C.L. In 1787 he patented an elastic girdle, designed to prevent and relieve ruptures, fractures, and swellings. He died in 1794. He published the following works: 1. ‘The Antiquity, Evidence, and Certainty of Christianity,’ London, 1751, 8vo. 2. ‘An Introduction to Languages Literary and Philosophical, especially to the English, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, exhibiting at one view their Grammar, Rationale, Analogy, and Idiom,’ London, 1758, 8vo. 3. ‘A Collection of Anthems used in His Majesty's Chapel Royal,’ London, 1769, 8vo. 4. ‘A Practical Treatise on Singing and Playing, being an Essay on Grammar, Pronunciation, and Singing,’ London, 1771. 5. ‘A plain and complete Grammar of the English Language,’ London, 1772, 8vo. 6. ‘A Grammar of the Hebrew Language,’ London, 1773. 7. An edition of the Bible with notes, 1773. 8. An edition of the Old Testament with notes, 1774. 9. ‘The Commandments of God in Nature, Institution, and Revelation,’ London, 1778, 8vo. 10. ‘Remarks on Mr. David Levi's Answer to Dr. Priestley's Letters to the Jews’ (under the pseudonym of Antisocinus). 11. ‘The Alliance of Music, Poetry, and Oratory,’ with a dedication to William Pitt, London, 1789, 8vo. This work comprises: (1) a theory of music, (2) a dissertation on prosody, (3) a brief treatise on rhetoric.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Baylie, Thomas

​BAYLIE, THOMAS (1582–1663), puritan divine, was born in Wiltshire in 1582, and was entered either as a servitor or batler of St. Alban's Hall, Oxford, in 1600. He was elected demy of Magdalen College in 1600, and perpetual fellow of that house in 1611, being then M. A. Afterwards he became rector of Manningford Bruce, in his native county, and he proceeded to the degree of B.D. in 1621, at which time he was a zealous puritan. He took the covenant in 1641, was nominated a member of the assembly of divines, and obtained the rich rectory of Mildenhall, Wiltshire, 'where, being settled, he preached up the tenets held by the fifth- monarchy men, he being by that time one himself, and afterwards became a busy man ​in ejecting such that were then (1645 and after) called ignorant and scandalous ministers and schoolmasters.' On being turned out of his living at the Restoration, he set up a conventicle at Marlborough, where he died and was buried in the church of St. Peter on 27 March 1663. He published: 'Thomae Baylaeei Maningfordiensis Ecclesise Pastoris de Merito Mortis Christi, et Modo Conversionis, diatribae duee, provt ab ipso in schola theologica apud Oxonienses publice ad disputandum propositae fuerunt, Maij 8. An. Dom. 1621. Nec non Concio ejusdem ad Clerum apud eosdem habita in templo Beatae Mariae, Iulij 5 An. D. 1622,' Oxford, 1626, 4to, dedicated to Sir Thomas Coventry, keeper of the great seal.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Baylis, Edward

​BAYLIS, EDWARD (1791–1861), mathematician and founder of insurance companies, commenced life as a clerk in the Alliance Insurance Office. He founded a series of life offices between the years 1838 and 1854 (the Victoria, 1838, the English and Scottish Law, 1839, the Anchor, 1842, the Candidate, 1843, the Professional, 1847, the Trafalgar, 1851, the Waterloo, 1852, the British Nation, 1854), in many of which he acted as manager and actuary. In all he expected to realise results which increasing competition made impossible; shareholders and policyholders were promised extravagant advantages which they never enjoyed. As a consequence, all Baylis's offices disappeared except one—the English and Scottish Law—which still survives. Baylis wrote (in 1844) a skilful book on the ‘Arithmetic of Annuities and Life Assurance,’ adapted more particularly to students. He died in 1861, aged 70, at the Cape of Good Hope, where he had settled in his old age.
C. W.