OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The International Folk-Lore Congress of the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, July, 1893/The Antiquity of the Folk-Lore of the American Indian

THE ANTIQUITY OF THE FOLK-LORE OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN.
BY KATHERINE S. STANBERY.
(ABSTRACT.)
The Aryan theorist is the modern iconoclast, who, like the Hindu theorist, makes his chosen people the veritable pioneers in intellectual development, and grants them the very first claim of ownership in the vast boundless plain of mental and social history. His theorem is that the American Indians never had any folk-lore of their own; that prior to 1493 they had no notion whatever of anything of the sort; that missionaries coming after Columbus, scattered at large a few seeds of sacred and secular tradition, which not only took root, but grew into wondrous trees.
One cannot but recognize certain ways and means by which all the American Märchen and some of the sagas might have been bodily imported, but I still insist that our aborigines had some preconceived notions of creation, of good and bad spirits, of fire, sun, moon, et cetera. Such ideas are innate in the human race. That these notions have become mixed with the stream of foreign tradition is a tenable conclusion, as an analysis of the American system can scarcely fail to show, whether made on the scheme of the English folk-lore society, of which Mr. Hartland has given us so admirable an illustration, or by that more radical method pursued by Andrew Lang.
KATHERINE S. STANBERRY
An analysis of the folk-lore of the American Indian leads to the conclusion that at least their legends and tales are recently borrowed from European sources.
# The Hymns of the Rigveda/Book 3

* Hymn 1
* Hymn 2
* Hymn 3
* Hymn 4
* Hymn 5
* Hymn 6
* Hymn 7
* Hymn 8
* Hymn 9
* Hymn 10
* Hymn 11
* Hymn 12
* Hymn 13
* Hymn 14
* Hymn 15
* Hymn 16
* Hymn 17
* Hymn 18
* Hymn 19
* Hymn 20
* Hymn 21
* Hymn 22
* Hymn 23
* Hymn 24
* Hymn 25
* Hymn 26
* Hymn 27
* Hymn 28
* Hymn 29
* Hymn 30
* Hymn 31
* Hymn 32
* Hymn 33
* Hymn 34
* Hymn 35
* Hymn 36
* Hymn 37
* Hymn 38
* Hymn 39
* Hymn 40
* Hymn 41
* Hymn 42
* Hymn 43
* Hymn 44
* Hymn 45
* Hymn 46
* Hymn 47
* Hymn 48
* Hymn 49
* Hymn 50
* Hymn 51
* Hymn 52
* Hymn 53
* Hymn 54
* Hymn 55
* Hymn 56
* Hymn 57
* Hymn 58
* Hymn 59
* Hymn 60
* Hymn 61
* Hymn 62
# The Haws of Cromdale

The Haws of Cromdale,
To which are added,
Highland Laddie;
O ay my wife, she dang me,
Will you go and marry Katie.
EDINBURGH:
Printed for the Booksellers in Town and County.
1822.
* The Haws of Cromdale
* Highland laddie
* O ay my wife she dang me
* Will you go and marry Katie
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Head (Landon)

This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
This work is available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
The Head By Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.)
From The Keepsake, 1834
Compiled by Peter J. Bolton
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patel, Rustomji Merwanji

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​Patel, Rustomji Merwanji, M.A., LL.B., Khan Bahadur, Judge, Court of Small Causes, Bombay; joined service as 2nd Judge, Court of Small Causes, Bombay, 1894; acted as Chief Judge on various occasions. Address: Bombay, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patel, Framji, J. M.

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​Patel, Framji, J. M.; b. 1857; popularly known as the “Nester” of the Parsi Cricket; educ: Proprietary High School, and Elphinstone College, Bombay; has taken a keen interest in cricket for the past thirty years; inaugurated Presidency Cricket Matches with the co-operation of Lord Harris, the then Governor of Bombay, 1892; invited to the Olympic games, Athens. Publications; Stray Thoughts on Indian Crickets. Address: Campella Hills, Bombay, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pattabhirama Rao, Nemali

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​Pattabhirama Rao, Nemali, B.A., retired Dewan of Cochin; b. 1862; joined British service as 5th clerk, Collector’s Office, Cuddapah, 1882; rose to the position of Supervisor, Revenue Settlement, 1888; Deputy Commissioner, Revenue Settlement, 1885; services lent to Cochin State as Diwan, 1902; reverted to British service, 1908; retired, 1908. Address Kilpauk, Madras, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patel, Sadasiv Sitaram

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​Pate, Sadasiv Sitaram, Rao Sahib; b. 1878; educ: at Bombay and Poona; passed Pleader’s Examination, 1901; was Honorary Secretary of the Committee of the Jalgaon Exhibition, 1910; AJanager, Court of Wards; Subordinate Government Pleader at Jalgaon. Address: Jalgaon, East Khandish, Bombay Presidency, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patiala, Maharaja of; Bhupendra Singh

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​Patiala, Maharaja of; H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-daulat-i-Englisha-Mansur i Zaman, Amir-Ul-Umara Maharaj Agairaja Rajashwar Sri Maharaja-i-Kajagan Sri Bhupendra Singh Mahindra Bahadur; b. 1891; educ: Aitchison College, Lahore; succeeded, 1900; m. the daughter of Sardar Bahadur Sardar Gurnam Singh of Sangrer; ranks first in the order of precedence of the Native States in the Punjab; invited to meet H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, 1905; made Lieut.-Colonel, 1914; area of the State, 5,419 sq. miles; population, 1,000,000; claims descent from Rama, 2nd son of Phul, the common ancestor of the chiefs of Patiala, Zind, Nabha, etc.; the State contributed a contingent of 1,100 of all arms for services beyond the Frontier during the Afgan War of 1879; in recognition of that service, the Maharaja was exempted from the presentation of Nazzar in Durbar; the first connection of this State with British Government began at the time of the Sikh wars when it rendered very valuable service to the British Govermnent, who, as a mark of appreciation of such services, handed over a portion of the confiscated territory of Nabha to this State; entitled to a salute of 17 guns. Recreations: Polo, ​Cricket. Address: Patiala, Punjab, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Paupa Rao Naidu, Madireddi

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​Paupa Rao Naidu, Madireddi, Rao Bahadur, Deputy Superintendent of Police, Madras; b. 1857; joined service as Clerk, Taluq Office, Kudligi, 1881; transferred to Police department as Inspector, 1888; promoted to first grade, 1896; on special duty in connection with Thugee and Dacoity, 1903; Assistant Special Officer attached to C.I.D. at Simla, 1903; transferred to Railway Police, 1905; Deputy Superintendent, Criminal Intelligence Department, 1906; Superintendent, Government Railway Police, 1913. Address: Madras, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Pavi, Dr. Mervanji

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​Pavi, Dr. Mervanji, L.M.S., L.R.C.P., etc., Bombay; prominent Indian Cricketeer; b. Navsari, 1867; matriculated, 1882; joined Medical College, 1883; proceeded to England and obtained the degrees of L.R C.P., etc.; returned to India, 1837; played cricket for the Middlesex County. Recreations: Cricket, Swimming. Address: Bombay, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patri, Dasai of; Shri Surajmalji

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​Patri, Dasai of; Shri Surajmalji, Meherban Muflisan Sadagat Va Eklas Nisan Durbar Sahib; b. 1848; succeeded his brother, 1884; the estate is a 4th class one in the Kathiawar Agency; area of the estate, 165 sq. miles; population 15,000; revenue, 1½ lakhs; the Chief traces his history to a date long prior to the Christian era; the State entered into the ​usual agreements with the British, 1807. Address: Patdy Town, Kathiawar Agency, Bombay Presidency, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Patterson, Alexander Bleakely

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​Patterson, Alexander Bleakely, C.I.E. (1895); b. Ballymena, Antrim, 1842; s. of late Rev. Alexander Patterson, m. Charlott Maria, d. of late John Black, 1863; educ: Queen’s College, Belfast; entered Indian Civil Service, 1863; posted to N.W. Provinces as Assistant Magistrate and Collector, 1864; Settlement Officer, 1870-78; Magistrate and Collector, 1872; Officiating Commissioner, N.I. Salt Revenue, 1885-87; Magistrate and Collector, Sharanor, 1887-90; Officiating Commissioner, Jhansi, 1890; Commissioner, Salt Revenue, 1891-98. Publications: Settlement reports of Fatehpur and Karwi. Address: 9, Pall Mall, S.W. Club: East India United Service.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Paul, Alfred Wallis

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​Paul, Alfred Wallis, B.A., C.I.E. (1889,; I.C.S. retired; .s. of late Paul of Bristol; b. 1847; educ: Clifton College, Oxford; passed B.A., 1870; joined I.C.S. in Bengal, 1870; on special duty in Tibet, 1886-99; British Commissioner under Anglo-Chinese Commission, 1890; retired, 1895. Address: Under Bank, Torquay. Clubs: Constitutional, Royal Yacht and Sport.
# The Journal of Indian Botany/Volume 2/October 1921/Proliferation in Opuntia dillenii

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NOTE
Proliferation in Opuntia dillenii
While making some observations on the prickly pear of this place (Opuntia dillenii) I came across an abnormality in the flower-bearing joint of the plant which consists of a young fruit bearing two smaller fruits one en either side developing from the areolae near the scar of the perianth leaves.
This abnormality which is a case of proliferation has been recorded by Britton and Rose for some other species of Opuntia e.g., O. arbuscula, O. fulgida, O. decumbens, O. vulgaris, etc. and in Pereskia sacharosa. Several bushes of O. dillenii were examined by me for more instances of this malformation and as none were found it appears to be a rare phenomenon in this species.
I kept the specimen under observation in expectation of its becoming more prolific but unfortunately after one month the bush was cut by some one as it was on the road side and in a state of over- growth and I could content myself only with the broken joints.
The abnormality is here recorded as being part of a wide phenomenon characteristic of the Cactaceae and the frequency with which it occurs in certain species more than in others will probably be of interest when the physiological causes underlying proliferation are considered.
P. S. Jivanna Rao.
Agricultural Research Institute, Coimbatore,
    17th October, 1921.
# The History of Valentine and Orson (1806)/Chapter 3

CHAP. III
The Fight between Orson and the Green Knight.
After a long journey, Valentine and Orson arrived at Duke Savary's palace in Acquitain; and making known the reasons that they came there, were presented to Fazon, to whom Valentine thus addressed himself:
"Sweet creature! King Pepin has ​sent me hither with the bravest Knight in all his realm, to fight the Green Knight, who though he is dumb and naked, is endued with such valour, that no Knight under the sun is able to cope with him."
During this speech, she viewed Orson narrowly, and he her; but supper coming in, interrupted them, and they sat down to eat.
Whilst they were in the midst of their feasting, the Green Knight entered, saying, Noble Duke of Acquitain, hast thou any more Knights to cope with me for thy daughter? Yes, replied the Duke, I have seventeen, and then shewed them to him.
The Green Knight then said to them, Eat your fill, for to-morrow will be your last.
Orson hearing what he said, was much incensed against him, and suddenly rising from the table, threw the Green Knight with such force against the wall, as laid him dead for some time; which very much pleased the whole company.
Next day many Knights went to fight the Green Knight, but he over​came and slew them all, until at last Orson being armed in Valentine's armour, came to the Green Knight's pavillion, and defying him, they began the most desperate combat that ever was heard of, and the Green Knight made so great a stroke at him, as to cut off the top of his helmet, and half his shield, wounding him much.
But this served only to enrage the valiant Orson, who coming up to him on foot, took hold of him, and pulling him from his horse, got astride of him, and was just going to kill him, but was prevented by Valentine, who interceeded with Orson to spare his life, on condition of his turning Christian, and acquainted King Pepin how he was conquered.
The Green Knight having promised to perform all that was desired, they led him a prisoner to the city of Acquitain; and the Duke received them with great joy, and offered the Lady Fazon to Orson; but he would not marry her till his brother had won the Green Knight's sister, Lady Clerimond; nor till they had talked with the enchanted Head of brass, to know his ​parents, and get the proper use of his tongue.
Which when the Lady knew she was very sorrowful, because she loved Orson, and was resolved to marry none but him, who had so nobly conquered the Green Knight.
# The History of Valentine and Orson (1806)/Chapter 5

CHAP. V.
When they were come to Portugal he put Valentine and Orson into a dungeon, and fed them with bread and water, but allowed his sister Clerimond the liberty of the castle where she met the Empress Bellisant, who had been confined twenty years in the castle of Feragus.
She seeing her so full of grief, comforted her, enquiring the reason, which she told her.
The Empress was mightily grieved ​but Pacolet comforted them, telling them he would release them all that evening, which he accordingly did in the following manner:
In the dead of the night he goes to the dungeon; where lay Valentine and Orson bound in chains, and touching the doors with his magical wand, they flew open; and coming to the Knights he released them, and conducted them to the apartment where Ballisant and Clerimond were, who were exceedingly transported; but Pacolet hindered them from discoursing long, by telling them they must depart before the guards of Feragus awaked, which would put a stop to his proceedings. So Pacolet led them out of the castle, and having prepared a ship, he conveyed them to Lady Fazon, at the city of Acquitain.—Next morning when Fer​agus heard of their escape, he was enraged to the highest degree.
The Knights and Ladies being out of danger, soon arrived at Acquitain to the great joy of Lady Fazon, who was soon after married to Orson with great solemnity; upon which tilts and tournaments were performed for may days; but Valentine carried the prize, overthrowing at least an hundred brave Knights.
# The History of Trade Unionism/Introduction

INTRODUCTION TO THE EDITION OF 1920
The thirty years that have elapsed since 1890, down to which date we brought the first edition of this book, have been momentous in the history of British Trade Unionism. The Trade Union Movement, which then included scarcely 20 per cent of the adult male manual-working wage-earners, now includes over 60 per cent. Its legal and constitutional status, which was then indefinite and precarious, has now been explicitly defined and embodied in precise and absolutely expressed statutes. Its internal organisation has been, in many cases, officially adopted as part of the machinery of public administration. Most important of all, it has equipped itself with an entirely new political organisation, extending throughout the whole of Great Britain, inspired by large ideas embodied in a comprehensive programme of Social Reconstruction, which has already achieved the position of "His Majesty's Opposition" and now makes a bid for that of "His Majesty's Government."
So great an advance within a single generation makes the historical account of Trade Union development down to 1920 equivalent to a new book.
We have taken the opportunity to revise, and at some points to amplify, our description of the origin and early struggles of Trade Unionism in this country. We have naturally examined the new material that has been made accessible during the past quarter of a century, in order to ​incorporate in our work whatever has thus been added to public knowledge. But we have not found it necessary to make any but trifling changes in our original interpretation of the historical development. The Home Office papers are now available in the Public Record Office for the troubled period at the beginning of the nineteenth century; and these, together with the researches of Professor George Unwin, Mr. and Mrs. Hammond, Professor Graham Wallas, Mr. Mark Hovell, and Mr. M. Beer, have enabled us both to verify and to amplify our statements at certain points. For the recent history of Trade Unionism we have found most useful the collections and knowledge of the Labour Research Department, established in 1913; and we gratefully acknowledge the assistance in facts, suggestions, and criticisms that we have had from Mr. G. D. H. Cole and Mr. R. Page Arnot. We owe thanks, also, to Miss Ivy Schmidt for unwearied assistance in research.
The reader must not expect to find, in this historical volume, either an analysis of Trade Union organisation, policy, and methods, or any judgement upon the validity of its assumptions, its economic achievements, or its limitations. On these things we have written at great length, and very explicitly, in our Industrial Democracy, and in other books described in the pages at the end of this volume, to which we must refer those desirous of knowing whether the Trade Unionism of which we now write merely the story is a good or a bad element in industry and in the State.
SIDNEY and BEATRICE WEBB.
# The History of Valentine and Orson (1806)/Chapter 1

THE
HISTORY
OF
VALENTINE and ORSON.
CHAP. I.
It stands upon record, that Pepin King of France, had a fair sister named Bellisant, who was married to Alexander, the Emperor of Greece, and by him carried to his capital at Constantinople; from whence, after having lived with great virtue, she was banished through the means of a false accuser, whom she had severely checked for his impudence; and though at that time she was big with child, yet she was compelled to leave her husband's empire to the great regret of the people, attended only by a Squire named Blandiman.
​After great fatigue and travel, she arrived in the forest of Orleans, where finding her pains come thick upon her, she dismissed her attendant for a midwife, but before his return, was delivered of two lovely children, one of which was conveyed away by a she-bear, but she willing to save it, pursued on her hands and knees, leaving the other behind. But before her return, King Pepin being a hunting in the forest, came to the tree where she had left the other babe, and causing it to be taken up, sent it to a nurse and when it grew up, he called his name Valentine. Blandiman at length came back and instead of finding his ​mistress, found her brother Pepin at the tree, to whom he declared all that had happened, and how his sister was banished through the false suggestions of the arch-priest; which when King Pepin heard, he was greatly enraged against the Lady Bellisant, saying, the Emperor ought to have put her to death. So leaving Blandiman, he returned with his nobles to Paris.
The Lady Bellisant having followed the bear to no purpose, returned to the place where she had left the other babe; but great was her sorrow when Blandiman said he had seen her brother Pepin, but could tell nothing of the child;—and having comforted her for the loss of it, they went to the sea-side, took shipping and arrived at the castle of the giant Feragus, in Portugal.
All this while the bear nourished the infant among her young ones until at length it grew up a wild hairy man, doing great mischief to all that passed through the forest; in which we will leave him, and return to the arch-priest, who did great mischief, until he was impeached by a merchant, of having wrongfully accused the Em​press; upon which they fought, and the merchant conquering, made the priest confess all his treasons.
The Emperor wrote about it to the King of France, and he was hanged.
# The History of Valentine and Orson (1806)

THE
HISTORY
OF
Valentine and Orson.
GLASGOW, Printed by J. & M. Robertson, [No. 18.] Saltmarket, 1806.
* Chapter I.
* Chapter II.
* Chapter III.
* Chapter IV.
* Chapter V.
* Chapter VII.
* Chapter VII.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The History of Valentine and Orson (1806)/Chapter 4

CHAP. IV.
Valentine and Orson having taken leave of the Duke of Acquitain, and his daughter Fazon, proceeded on their journey in search of the Lady Clerimond, and at last came to a tower of burnished brass; which, upon enquiry, they discovered to be kept by Clerimond, sister to Feragus and the Green Knight, and having demanded entrance, were refused it by the centinal who guarded the gate; which provoked Valentine to that degree, that he ran against him with such fury, that the centinal fell down dead immediately.
The Lady Clerimoad beheld all this ​dispute, and seeing them brave Knights, received them courteously. Valentine having presented tokens from the Green Knight, told her he came there for the love of her, and to discourse with the All-knowing Head, concerning their parents.
After dinner, the Lady Clerimond took them by the hand and led them to the chamber of varieties, where the Head was placed between four pillars of pure jasper, when as they entered, it made the following speech to Valentine:
"Thou famous Knight of Royal extract, are called Valentine the Valiant, who of right ought to marry the Lady Clerimond. Thou art son to the Emperor of Greece, and the Empress Bellisant, who is now in the castle of Feragus in Portugal, where she has resided for twenty years. King Pepin is thine uncle, and the Wild man thy brother; the Empress Bellisant brought you two forth in the forest of Orleans; he was taken away by a ravenous bear, and thou wast taken up by thine uncle Pepin, who brought thee up to man's estate.—Moreover, I likewise tell thee, ​that thy brother shall never speak until thou cuttest the thread that groweth under his tongue."
The Brazen Head having ended his speech, Valentine embraced Orson, and cut the thread which grew under his tongue; when he directly related many surprising things.
After which Valentine married the Lady Clerimond, but not before she had turned a Christian.
In this castle there lived a dwarf, named Pacolet, who was an enchanter, and by his art had contrived a horse of wood, and in the forehead a fixed pin, by turning of which he could convey himself to the farthest part of the world.
This enchanter flies to Portugal, and informed Feragus of his sister's nuptials, and of her turning Christian, which so enraged him, that he swore by Mahomet he would make her rue it, and therefore got ready his fleet, and sailed towards the castle of Clerimond, where, when he arrived, he concealed his malice from his sister, and also the two Knights, telling them, that he came to fetch them into Por​tugal, the better to solemnize their marriage, and he would turn Christian on their arival at his castle, all which they believed, and soon after embarked with him.
When he had got them on board, he ordered them to be put in irons, which so much grieved his sister Clerimond, that she would have thrown herself into the sea, had she not been stopped.
# The History of Valentine and Orson

* "The History of Valentine and Orson" (n.d.), a chapbook printed in Glasgow
* "The History of Valentine and Orson" (n.d.), a chapbook printed in Stirling
* "The History of Valentine and Orson" (1806), a chapbook printed in Glasgow
* "The History of Valentine and Orson" (1809), a chapbook printed in Glasgow