OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930)/The Overthrowing

Layout 2
London: Alfred A. Knopf Ltd, pages 636–637
SÛRAH LXXXI
At-Takwîr takes its name from a word in verse 1. Verses 8 and 9 contain an allusion to the practice of the pagan Arabs of burying alive girl-children whom they deemed superfluous.
An early Meccan Sûrah.
THE OVERTHROWING
Revealed at Mecca
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
$^1$ When the sun is overthrown, $^2$ And when the stars fall, $^3$ And when the hills are moved, $^4$ And when the camels big with young are abandoned, $^5$ And when the wild beasts are herded together, $^6$ And when the seas rise, $^7$ And when souls are reunited, $^8$ And when the girl-child that was buried alive is asked $^9$ For what sin she was slain, $^{10}$ And when the pages are laid open, $^{11}$ And when the sky is torn away, $^{12}$ And when hell is lighted, $^{13}$ And when the garden is brought nigh, $^{14}$ (Then) every soul will know what it hath made ready. $^{15}$ Oh, but I call to witness the planets, $^{16}$ The stars which rise and set, $^{17}$ And the close of night, $^{18}$ And the breath of morning
$^{19}$ That this is in truth the word of an honoured messenger, $^{20}$ Mighty, established in the presence of the Lord of the Throne, $^{21}$ (One) to be obeyed, and trustworthy; $^{22}$ And your comrade is not mad. $^{23}$ Surely he beheld Him on the clear horizon. $^{24}$ And he is not avid of the Unseen. $^{25}$ Nor is this the utterance of a devil worthy to be stoned. $^{26}$ Whither then go ye? $^{27}$ This is naught else than a reminder unto creation, $^{28}$ Unto whomsoever of you willeth to walk straight. $^{29}$ And ye will not, unless (it be) that Allah willeth, the Lord of Creation.
* ↑ Lit. "And the night when it closeth."
* ↑ Lit. "And the morning when it breathes."
* ↑ The reference is to the Prophet's vision at Mt. Hirâ.
Footnotes
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gopal Menon, C.

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gopal Menon, C., Dubash, Messrs Wilson and Co., Madras; b. Calicut, 1873: educ; Municipal Primary School, and the Zamorin’s College, Calicut; held a Government of Madras Scholarship of Rs. 12 a month for 2 years, and received commercial training in the Teacher’s College, Saidapet; was the only one that was placed in the first class in the Intermediate grade examination of Shortland; passed first in the highest grade of Government examination in Business Correspondence and won the Government Gold Medal; passed first in the examination in Banking, Economics, Book-keeping and Commercial Geography; won a first class Teacher’s certificate in Commercial subjects; started his career as a teacher for the commercial classes (evenings) in the Madras Y.M.C.A.; was for sometime Superintendent, Pachiappa’s Commercial School, Madras; joined the late firm of Arbuthnot and Co., 1894; became Dubash of that firm, 1891; obtained the Preliminary and Final certificates of the Institutes of Bankers, London, and was admitted as a Life-Associate, 1903-4; obtained the Fellowship certificate of the Incorporated Phonographic Society, London; the certificate of the Institute of Commerce, Birmingham; was a Member of the British Economic Association; was a Correspondence Student, Ruskin Hall, Oxford, 1904-5; is a Member of the Educational League, Oxford; worked in conjunction with Mr. C. A. Paterson, for the founding of the Shorthand Writer’s Association, of which he was for sometime Honorary Secretary and now Vice President; is an Honorary Secretary, Madras Mahajana Sabha, and the National Fund and Industrial Association; Member, Executive Committee of the South Indian Chamber of Commerce, and the South Indian Association, Madras; is an Honorary Magistrate; was Hony. Treasurer, Indian National Congress held in Madras, 1914, and Hony Secretary, Indian Industrial Conference, also held in Madras, 1914; ​contributes occasionally to Newspapers on Industrial and commercial subjects; is a IMember of the Victoria Technical Institute, and the Agri-Horticultural Gardens, Madras; a Member, Board of Examiners in Commerce and other allied subjects; Director, United India Life Assurance Company, and of the Hanuman Weaving Company; Superintendent, Educational classes of the Young Men’s Indian Association, Madras. Publications: a pamphlet on the life of John Ruskin, and Mr. C.A. Paterson, President-founder of the Madras Shorthand Writers’ Association. Address: Gangureddy Road, Egmore, Madras, India. Club: Cosmopolitan, Mount Road, Madras.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gopalacharlu, Pandit D.

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gopalacharlu, Pandit D., A.V.S., Ayurveda Marthanda Bhishangmani, Madras; is a Vaishnava ​brahmin of an ancient and highly successful family of physicians both on the maternal and paternal sides; completed a five years’ course in the Maharaja’s Sanskrit College, Mysore; underwent practical training in Medicine, etc., at the Government Hospital and secured Certificates; visited centres of Ayurvedic learning, such as, Benares, Calcutta, Cashmere, Lahore, Hardwar, Jeypore, etc; was in charge of a Dispensary at Bangalore, and made successful experiments in the Indian Pharmacopœa: is Senior Ayurvedic Physician, S.K.P.D. Free Ayurvedic Dispensary, Madras; Principal, S.K.P.D. Ayurvedic College, Madras; has established an “Ayurvedic Laboratory” in Madras, where medicines according to Ayurvedic principles are prepared; has won gold Medals and first class Certificates at the exhibitions held in Bombay, Calcutta, Madras and several other places; the title of “Bhishangmani” was conferred on him by an Assembly of Ayurvedic physicians of Calcutta, 1907; the title of “Ayurveda Marthanda”, by the Skhila Bharata Varshiva Sri Savaji Ayurvedic Vidya Bitta of Nasik, 1907; is a Fellow of the Ayurvedic University of Nasik; Examiner of Mysore Ayurvedic Vidwat Examinations, Commentator of Susrutha Samhita and Madhana Nihana. Address: No. 44, Acharappan Street, Georgetown, Madras, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gopala Rao, Pakala

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gopala Rao, Pakala, B.A., Rao Bahadur, Berhampore; b, 1854; educ; Perhampore Zilla School and the Presidency College, Madras; Passed B.A., 1877; owns eutensive landed property in the district of Ganjam; qualified himself for law and commenced practice as a first grade pleader in the District Court of Ganjam at Berhampore; rendered excellent service to the Government in times of famine; Rao Bahadur, 1889. Address: Berhampore, Ganjam Dt., Madras Presy, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Goldingham, John Dalrymple

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Goldingham, John Dalrymple, Retired District and Sessions Judge; entered service, 27th July 1853: student at the College, 8th September 1853; Passed in Telugu 13 September 1853; Passed in Tamil 14th February 1855; Assistant Collector and Magistrate Salem, 25th April 1855 to 27th January 1856; acted in various places and in various capacities including that of Sub-Judge, Madura till 8th December 1862; Judge of the Court of Small Causes, Madura, 1st July 1862; Justice of the Peace, 6th January 1864; Ag. Civil Sessions Judge, Madura, 16th February to 20th March 1864; Furlough to Europe, 14th August 1865 to 13th August 1868; Ag Civil and Sessions Judge, Madura, 13th October 1868; Acted in other places till 1873 and again proceeded to Europe on furlough till 25th March 1876; Returned and was posted to Nellore, 20th December 1880; Transferred to Bellary as Ag. District and Sessions Judge 7881; confirmed in Bellary, April 1882. Address: c/o India Office, London.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gollaprolu, Zamindarni of Ramayammagaru

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gollaprolu, Zamindarni of Ramayammagaru; Widow of Venkata Mahipati, 3rd brother of the late Raja of Pithapuram, adopted her sister’s son, 1886; adoption set aside by Court at the instance of the Raja; is a highly religious and charitable lady; maintains a choultry at her headquarters, supports the Veda School ​at Cocanada, and affords pecuniary help to indigent students, Address: Gollaprolu, Godavari District, Madras Presidency. India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gopala Chariar, Sarukhai

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gopala Chariar, Sarukhai, B.A. B.L. Dewan Bahadur, (Retired; Dewan of Travancote; b, at Kumbakonam, 1852; educ; at the Mission School, Negapatam, and Kumbaconam College; B.A., 1870; entered Government service as Sub-Registrar, 1870; passed B.L. 1876; resigned and enrolled as Vakil, High Court, Madras, 1878; again joined service as Sub-Judge, 1885; Assistant Sessions Judge, 1895, Ag. District and Sessions Judge, 1897; Dewan Bahadur, 1898; confirmed as Judge, 1908; Dewan of Travancore, 1906; gave evidence before the Police Commission, and was one of the select officers consulted twice on the revision of the old Civil Procedure Code, 1907; retired, 1908. Address: Kumbakonam, Madras Presidency, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gopal Singh, Sardar

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gopal Singh, Sardar; b. 1868; Lambardar of Bhagowala and Ressaldar in the 11th K.E.C. Lancers; claims descent from the Pawar Rajputs of Ujjain; succeeded to the estate, 1963; owns 8.50 acres of land in Gurdaspur, a small tea garden at Gajjar in Kangra, and 200 acres muafi in Bhagowala; annual revenue, Rs. 3,676. Address: Bhagowala, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gokul Chand Bahadur

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gokul Chand Bahadur, B.A., LL.C. (Cantab) I.C.S., Bar-at-Law, Assistant Sessions Judge; b, 1875; educ; at the Lahore Government College and Christ’s College Cambridge: Celongs to a leading family in Ferozpur. Recreations: Tennis, hockey, shooting, badminton: billiards, and bridge. Address, Sitapur, Oudh, U.P., India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Gondall, Thakur Sahib of; H.H. Sir Bhagvat Singhji Sagramji

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Gondall, Thakur Sahib of; H.H. Sir Bhagvat Singhji Sagramji, G C.S.I. (1897), LL.D. (Edin). D.C.L. (Oxon), M.D. (Edin); s, of late Chief Sagramji II; b. 1865. succeeded, 1869; educ; at the Rajkumar College; proceeded to Europe where he devoted himself to a study of administrative work; joined Edinburgh University, distinguished himself in Science. and devoted special attention to surgery and medicine; accompanied the Rani Sahiba to Europe for medical treatment; joined the Edinburgh University and passed the M.B., C.M., and M.D. examinations; also passed the examination for the Membership and Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh; returned to India with the Rani Sahiba, via, the United States, Japan, China, Australia, and Ceylon, 1893; appointed delegate to the Indian Medical Congress, Calcutta, by the Royal College of Edinburgh, 1894; elected Honorary Vice-President, 8th International Congress of Hygiene, Budapesth, 1894; Vice-President, Indian Medical Association; Fellow, Royal Asiatic Society of Edinburgh; attended the Coronation of Tsar Nicholas at Mascow, 1896; the Diamond Jubilee of late Empress Victoria, 1897; is an able administrator, and has introduced many salutary reforms in the administration of his State; has constructed the Bhavanagar-Gondal, the Gondal-Porbandar, the Jallesar-Rajkot Railways; remitted a sum of 13 lakhs to his ryots on the occasion of the Coronation Durbar; maintains 108 schools at a cost of Rs. 75,000; and a travelling dispensary in his State; claims descent from Kumbaji I, founder of the State; family crest, is a belt and sword with ‘Gondal’ engraven thereon; family naotto, is Sajiyancha Satiyan, meaning, “Ready and True”; area of the State, 1024 square miles; population, 170,000; revenue, one lakh. Publications: “journal of a visit to England”, and “A short history of Aryan Medical Science”. Address: Gondal, Kathiawar, Bombay Presy, India.
# The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Goodall, H. C. A.

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Goodall, H. C. A., A.I.E.E,, Postmaster-General and Director of Telegraph Engneering, Rangoon; appointed, 1886. Address: Rangoon, Burma.
# The Modern Review/Volume 29/Number 1

January, 1921
# The Modern Review/Volume 29/Number 2

February, 1921
# The Modern Review/Volume 27

January to June, 1920
* Number 1 (January)
* Number 2 (February)
* Number 3 (March)
* Number 4 (April)
* Number 5 (May)
* Number 6 (June)
# The Modern Review/Volume 29

January to July, 1921
* Number 1 (January)
* Number 2 (February)
* Number 3 (March)
* Number 4 (April)
* Number 5 (May)
* Number 6 (June)
# The Modern Review/Volume 28

July to December, 1920
* Number 1 (July)
* Number 2 (August)
* Number 3 (September)
* Number 4 (October)
* Number 5 (November)
* Number 6 (December)
# The Modern Review/Volume 29/Number 4

April, 1921
* Our Swadeshi Samaj
* A Cry for Peace
* University Finance
* Waste in Calcutta University
* Calcutta University Reform
* National Education
* “Post-Graduate Teaching in the Calcutta University, 1919-20,”
* Next Vice-Chancellor of the Calcutta University
# The Modern Review/Volume 29/Number 3

March, 1921
# The Mind's Diet

No life worth naming ever comes to good If always nourished on the selfsame food; The creeping mite may live so if he please, And feed on Stilton till he turns to cheese, But cool Magendie proves beyond a doubt, If mammals try it, that their eyes drop out.
 No reasoning natures find it safe to feed, For their sole diet, on a single creed; It spoils their eyeballs while it spares their tongues, And starves the heart to feed the noisy lungs.
 When the first larvæ on the elm are seen, The crawling wretches, like its leaves, are green; Ere chill October shakes the latest down, They, like the foliage, change their tint to brown; On the blue flower a bluer flower you spy, You stretch to pluck it — 'tis a butterfly; The flattened tree-toads so resemble bark, They're hard to find as Ethiops in the dark; The woodcock, stiffening to fictitious mud, Cheats the young sportsman thirsting for its blood; So by long living on a single lie, Nay on one truth, will creatures get its day; Red, yellow, green, they take their subject's hue,— Except when squabbling turns them black and blue!
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Infantry that Would Not Yield

Published in The Bellman (14 Dec 1918).
The Infantry That Would Not Yield
AH, yes; the French surprise us constantly; A something in their spirit is so fine!... I was in Paris when the famous Line Went through after Verdun, and so could see How a whole people, putting by its cares, Came crowding to the well-loved thoroughfares To view the men—not all—not all, alas!— Who, in a fateful hour of fear and woe, Stood as a wall defensive 'gainst the foe, And said:—They shall not pass!
How surely these had saved her Paris knew— Heroes who fronting Death turned not aside! Her heart beat faster as they nearer drew, And swelled with unimagined love and pride. Artillery and cavalry went by,— The plaudits of the people reached the sky! But for the infantry— At sight of these, A poignant silence fell upon the crowd: In reverence the people's heads were bowed, And they were on their knees.
Ah, yes; the French surprise us constantly!
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1927, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 96 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The New International Encyclopædia/Detroit (Minnesota)

Edition of 1905. See also Detroit Township, Becker County, Minnesota on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DETROIT. A village and the county-seat of Beaker County, Minn., 194 miles northwest of Minneapolis; on Detroit Lake and on the Northern Pacific Railroad (Map: Minnesota, C 4). It is in a picturesque lake region, with mineral springs, and good hunting and fishing, and therefore popular as a summer resort. Agriculture is the principal industry. Population, in 1890, 1510; in 1900, 2060.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Desmospongiæ

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ DES′MOSPON′GIÆ. See Hexactinellida.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Detinue

Edition of 1905. See also Detinue on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DET′INUE (OF. detinu, from Lat. detinere, from de, back, + tenere, to hold). A personal common-law action for the recovery of specific goods and chattels, wrongfully detained from the claimant, together with damages for their detention and costs of the action. The chattels must be such as can be distinguished from others; the action would not lie where claimant's property, as wheat, was lawfully mixed with other wheat so that it could not be separated. The action is not based on contract, express or implied, but is for the redress of a wrong. The value of the chattel is always alleged in the declaration, and if the chattels have been destroyed, or cannot be returned for any reason, the plaintiff may recover their value. It is immaterial whether the defendant came into possession of the chattels lawfully or wrongfully. It is sufficient if he has no present right to retain them as against the claimant. Thus, if the defendant held goods as a gratuitous bailee, his possession would be lawful until a demand was made by the proper party for their return; but in case of refusal to do so, the claimant might maintain detinue, as the detention would then be unlawful. Demand before suit is not necessary if the original taking was wrongful. Possession of the chattels cannot be obtained until final judgment, and in this respect it is not so desirable as replevin (q.v.), where the plaintiff gets immediate possession. The plaintiff must have a general or special property or interest in the chattels and a right to immediate possession in order to maintain the action. A judgment for the plaintiff was formerly enforced by a special form of execution, called a writ of distringas (q.v.). This form of action has been abolished in England, but is retained in several of the United States. See Common Forms; Common Law; Pleading; Replevin; Trover.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Detroyat, Pierre Léonce

Edition of 1905. See also Pierre Léonce Détroyat on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DETROYAT, dā̇′trwä′yȧ′, Pierre Léonce (1829-98). A French naval officer, journalist, and author, born at Bayonne (Basses-Pyrénées). He studied at the Ecole Navale, took part in the Crimean War, and in the subsequent expedition to China, and accompanied to Mexico the Archduke Maximilian, of whose ill-fated empire he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for Naval Affairs, and chief of the military cabinet. During the Franco-Prussian War he was for a time in command of the camp at La Rochelle. From 1866 to 1869 he was a member of the staff of La Liberté, which he edited from 1869 to 1876. He subsequently founded Le Bon Sens, and L'Estafette, the latter a conservative and Bonapartist journal, and in 1885-86 he edited the Constitutionnel. His works include the following diversified titles: La cour de Rome et l'empereur Maximilien (Paris, 1867); Du recrutement, de l'organisation et de l'instruction de l'armée française (1871); Le sénat et le scrutin de liste (1881); Nos possessions françaises en Indo-Chine (1887); and Les chemins de fer en Amérique (1886).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Detmold

Edition of 1905. See also Detmold on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DETMOLD, det′mō̇lt (OHG. Theotmalli, Thiatmalli, people's court). The capital of the German Principality of Lippe and residence of the Prince, situated on the Werre, at the edge of the Teutoburg Forest, about 47 miles southwest of Hanover (Map: Germany, C 3). It consists of an old and a new town, the latter of which is well built, and adorned with many fine public walks and gardens. The chief buildings are the old and new palaces, the Rathaus, and theatre. Its educational institutions include a gymnasium, a manual training school, a deaf and dumb school, and a library of some 70,000 volumes. The industries, which are comparatively unimportant, include the manufacture of buttons, labels, tobacco, and furniture. There are also several breweries. Population, in 1890, 9733; in 1900, 11,971. The sturdy ‘Senner’ race of horses is bred near Detmold. The Externsteine, a much-visited group of rocks, with a grotto and a quaint religious relief, are in the vicinity. About two miles to the southwest of the town, on the Grotenburg, one of the highest points of the Teutoburg Forest, stands the colossal Hermanns-Denkmal, or Arminius Monument, erected in honor of the famous Cheruscan Prince who gained in the neighborhood such a signal victory over the Roman general Varus. Detmold was the scene of a victory won by Charlemagne over the Saxons in 783. In 1011 it was presented by King Henry II. to the bishops of Paderborn, and from them it came to the Lippe family. It received civic rights in 1350.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Detritus

Edition of 1905. See also Detritus (geology) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DETRI′TUS (Lat., a rubbing away, from deterere, to rub away, from de, down + terere, to rub). A general geological term applied to fragmental accumulations formed by the disintegration of rocks. See Erosion.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Desor, Eduard

Edition of 1905. See also Pierre Jean Édouard Desor on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
DESOR, de-zôr′, Eduard (1811-82). A German-Swiss geologist, born at Friedrichsdorf, near Homburg. He studied at the universities of Giessen and Heidelberg, and in cousequence of the part taken by him in political affairs was compelled to escape to Paris. Thence he went to Neuchâtel, where he became acquainted with Agassiz, whom in 1847 he accompanied to America. He subsequently became professor of geology in the Académie of Neuchâtel. He was elected a member of the Federal Grand Council, and in 1873 became its president. His publications, dealing chiefly with the geology of Switzerland, include: Gebirgsbau der Alpen (1865); Les palafittes du lac de Neuchâtel (1865); Echinologie helvétique (1869-72); and Le paysage morainique (1875).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Determinism

Edition of 1905. See also Determinism on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​DETERMINISM. The name given to the view that every event in time, psychic as well as physical, has a cause (see Causality), and that the cause being given, the event follows unvaryingly. It is opposed to indifferentism or indeterminism, which maintains that, at least in the phenomenon of the human will, the temporal antecedents do not definitively determine the event. These opposing doctrines have interest only in the sphere of ethics, as determinism is universally admitted to be true of all events except volition. The frankest of indeterminists, Prof. W. James, admits that his doctrine is an advocacy of chance, pure and simple. Others seek to avoid this confession, but with no success. The determination of will by motives could not be questioned were it not thought to carry with it a denial of moral responsibility. But so far is this from being the case that indeterminism on the contrary makes responsibility absurd. See Ethics; Chance; Free Will; Will; and consult the authorities referred to under Ethics; also James, The Will to Believe (Boston, 1897); Fouillée, La liberté et le déterminisme (2d ed., Paris, 1883).