OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Translations into English Verse from the Poems of Davyth ap Gwilym/To Morvyth (1)

TO MORVYTH.
The bard supposes himself to have died of love, and describes his funeral.
Maid with the glowing form, and lily brow Beneath a woof of golden tresses! now (As oft before, through years of grief and shame, And love intense as hopeless)—I exclaim “Sancta Maria! canst thou not redress The torments wrought by tyrant loveliness; To thee I’ve paid the honours of a bride, But thy stern kinsmen’s unrelenting pride To me the nuptial presents has denied!
Thou gem of maids—inexorable fair, By all the sacred relics I protest That when I die, the victim of despair, On thee the guilt of poet’s death will rest! To-morrow shall I in my grave be laid, Amid the leaves and floating forest shade, In yon ash grove—my verdant birchen trees Shall be the mourners of my obsequies! My spotless shroud shall be of summer flowers, My coffin hewn from out the woodland bowers; The flowers of wood and wild shall be my pall, My bier eight forest branches green and tall; And thou shalt see the white gulls of the main In thousands gather there to bear my train; And e’en the very woodlands will be seen To move and join the sad funereal scene! The thicket of the rocks my church shall be, Two nightingales, (enchantress, chos’n by thee,) The sacred idols of the sanctuary! Its altars raised of brick, its verdant floor With nature’s varied pavement chequered o’er. Ne’er do its portals jar with angry cries, Its leafy depths have baffled Eithig’s eyes. Skill’d are its holy monks of orders grey, In Latin lore and in poetic lay; In all the metres ever writ or read, In the green volumes through the forests spread! There, tones of organ loud and tiny bell, By woodland minstrels waken’d, frequent swell;
There, where the birchen boughs of Gwyneth wave, Proud maid! to-morrow shall I find a grave! There, organ like, the nightingale shall roll His notes, in solemn masses for my soul; Orisons and “Pater Nosters” shall be said The summer through, in honour of the dead; Until the spirit of the bard shall rise, Freed from its sins, aloft to Paradise!
* ↑ ‘To thee I’ve paid the honours of a bride, But thy stern kinsmen’s unrelenting pride To me the nuptial presents has denied!’ It is an old Welsh custom for each of the wedding guests to make a present to the newly-married couple. The clandestine manner in which the bard was married to Morvyth necessarily deprived him of the benefit of this usage, and as the relatives of his bride refused to give their sanction to the marriage, he had no opportunity of obtaining the usual gifts by a subsequent and more regular celebration of the ceremony. Hence his expression, that the kinsmen of Morvyth ‘To me the nuptial presents have denied,’ is a poetical mode of intimating that they had refused to sanction his nuptials with Morvyth.
* ↑ He alludes to the Roman Catholic custom of swearing upon the relics of the saints; the most solemn form of oath in ancient times.
# Translations into English Verse from the Poems of Davyth ap Gwilym/The Thrush and the Nightingale

THE THRUSH AND THE NIGHTINGALE OFFICIATE AS PRIESTS.
This poem contains many beautiful and fanciful allusions to the ceremonies of the Roman Catholic church. I have translated it into prose, and almost literally, as the best means of conveying the spirit of the original.
In a place of ecstasy I was to-day, Under the mantles of the splendid green hazels, Where I listened, at the dawn of day, To the song of the thrush, an adept in music, From a distant country, without delay or weariness. On a long journey my mottled love-messenger had come, He had travelled here from the narrow county of Chester At the request of my golden sister, (i. e. Morvyth); A noble bell (to those who love bells) was rung,
Its sound reached to the roof of the dingle. His robe, from his slender waist, was Of a thousand delicately branching flowers; His cassock you might imagine to be Of the wings of the ardent flapping wind. The altar there was covered With nothing but gold: Morvyth had sent him, (Metrical singer, foster-son of May!) I heard him in brilliant language Prophesy without ceasing, And read to the parish The gospel without stammering! He raised for us on the hills there The sacred wafer made of a fair leaf: And the beautiful nightingale, slender and tall, From the corner of the glen near him, Priest of the dingle! sang to a thousand; And the bells of the mass continually did ring, And raised the host To the sky, above the thicket, And sang stanzas to our Lord and Creator, With sylvan ecstasy and love! I am enraptured with the song Which was matured in the birchen grove of the woods.
# Translations into English Verse from the Poems of Davyth ap Gwilym/The ruined Arbour

THE RUINED ARBOUR.
The bard in his old age describes to Morvyth the desolation that reigns in the scene of their early love.
Maid of lily form and mien, As the summer day serene, (Much of thee my song has been!) As I waited yester e’en For thee, mid the woodland boughs, Where we first exchanged our vows— Struck with sadness and with awe, I beheld the well-known scene, Where I first, in leafy screen, Heard thy voice—thy figure saw! Pliant then, and fresh and young, O’er our seat our arbour hung, And the favourite birch-tree bent O’er us, with its spray unrent— Summer’s glory in its shoots, Youthful stems around its roots— Verdant temple, leafy roof! Farm with cap of foliage crown’d, Turret wove of curling woof, Branches vigorous and round! Where the woodland birds did pour Their wild eloquence and lore!
Then in our sweet birchen tree Sang the ouzel tenderly, And I need not tell to thee How he spoke most brilliantly! And the nightingale at night Sang smooth music in delight, While, with love’s united strain, We returned his ‘psalm’ again! Time now poignantly bereaves Of their life the slender leaves, Stems and boughs alone remain In sad winter’s sullen rain; Age holds there tyrannic sway, Whirlwinds toss its roof away, And the ouzel’s pride is o’er, With his head befleck’d with gold, And the nightingale no more Rhymes indites—it is too cold! Still within my memory dwell Days of youth, and love to thee— Charms that all on earth excel— Source of all my misery! Of that long and luckless suit, Care and anguish are the fruit— Slumber from my eyelids scared, And the grave—it is prepared!
# Translations into English Verse from the Poems of Davyth ap Gwilym/To Dyddgu

TO DYDDGU.
It would appear from some of the allusions in this poem that Dyddgu was of humble origin.
Thou dear perfect Dyddgu—thou lamp of my heart! That rulest my thoughts with thy wiles and thy art; I am none of your lovers who gravely revere Every nobly-born damsel, as stiff as a spear.
I leave the mad squirrel to clamber and climb, ’Mid brushwood, and brambles, and branches sublime: The squirrel may scramble so high up the tree That he cannot come down—but no climbing for me! I leave the rash sailor the ocean to sweep, With a puny inch plank between him and the deep: Let him rove till he tires o’er his perilous track, A proverb of luck if he ever comes back. The archer who aims at the target his blow, Flings the dust from his arrow, the dust from his bow; And rarely he poises his arrow in vain, If he aim but aright—if he shoot but with pain. But, poor bard! if one maiden but fall to his lot In a thousand—alas, ’tis a mere random shot! Thou girl with the eye-brow so auburn and thin, Thrice happy the man who thy beauty shall win; Thou wilt not be mine for abundance of song— I know that thou wilt not, while thou art yet young; But still I despair not, enchantress divine! When nobody’ll have thee, thou then shalt be mine!
In the next poem he asks the roebuck to be his love-envoy to Dyddgu, telling him that he has nothing to fear from the hounds of the “tall baron;” that if they pursue him he may hide himself in the fern. He adds, that if he carries the love-letter safe to Dyddgu he will be rewarded.
No hand shall flay thee; thou shalt live in health and joy; Thy skin shall not be possessed by an old Saxon;
Nor shall thy horns nor thy hoofs Fall to the lot of false Eiddig. Thou shalt be preserved against treachery, With the strength of the arm of Cyhelyn. I will ever welcome thee, Should I live to old age, thou With horns like Eglantine.
* ↑ i.e. Jealousy—a name applied by the bards to their rivals.
* ↑ An ancient Welsh hero.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dallas, Sir George, Baronet

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​DALLAS, SIR GEORGE, BARONET (1758–1833)
Son of Robert Dallas : born April 6, 1758 : educated at Geneva : entered the E. I. Co.'s civil service at eighteen, was noticed by Warren Hastings, appointed Collector of Rajshahi : returned to England for ill-health, 1788 : deputed by Calcutta residents to present a petition against Pitt's East India Bill : made a Baronet in 1798 : M.P., 1800–2, for Newport : wrote a poem The India Guide : a pamphlet in vindication of Warren Hastings, 1789 : a vindication of the Marquis Wellesley's wars in Hindustan and the Dekkan, 1806, besides papers on Ireland and France, and on Trade between India and Europe, in which he advocated a greater freedom and liberality in trade between the countries : died Jan. 14, 1833.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalton, John

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​DALTON, JOHN (1725–1811)
Son of Capt. James Dalton of the 6th regt. : born 1725 : appointed to Hanmer's Marine regt., 1741 : 2nd Lt. of Marines on the Preston, 1743 ' to Fort St. David, 1745 : the French took Madras, 1746 : the Marine regts. being reduced at the peace with France, Dalton joined the Independent Companies under Admiral Boscawen (q.v.) : became a Captain in the E.I. Co.'s service : in the expedition to Devikota, 1749 : Muhammad Ali, son of Anwaruddin, late Nawab of the Carnatic, fled on his father's death to Trichinopoly and applied to the English for help : Dalton was in the force sent to his aid : was in the retreat at Volkonda, June, 19, 1751 : at Wootatoor and at Kistnavaram : in the fighting on behalf of Muhammad Ali against Chanda Sahib (q.v.) near Trichinopoly : Dalton made Commandant there, Jime, 15, 1752, to keep it for Muhammad Ali against the Dalwai (the Regent of Mysore), and Morari Rao the Mahratta : defended it with great skill and coiurage against famine, treachery, blockade and the French also : relieved by Major Stringer Lawrence, May, 6, 1753, and again Sep. 21 : resigned the E.I. Co.'s service March I, 1754. and returned to England : died July 11, 1811.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalhousie, George Ramsay, ninth Earl of

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​DALHOUSIE, GEORGE RAMSAY, NINTH EARL OF (1770–1838)
General : son of the eighth Earl : born in 1770, entered the Army in the Dragoon Guards in 1789, was in several regiments : became Maj-General in 1805, Lt-General, 1813 : G.C.B. : General, 1830 : served at Martinique, 1792 : in the Irish rebellion of 1798 : in Holland, Egypt, the Peninsula and France : created Baron Dalhousie in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in Aug. 1815 : Lt-Governor of Nova Scotia, 1816 : Captain-General and Governor of Canada, Nova Scotia, etc., 1819–28 : and commanded the forces from 1819 : was C. in C. in the East Indies, 1829–32 : father of the first Marquis of Dalhousie (q.v.) : died March 21, 1838.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalrymple, James

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​DALRYMPLE, JAMES ( ? –1800)
Commanded the 29th battalion in Madras, 1788 : at the storming of Gurrumcondah in Nov. 1791 : took Raichur for the Nizam from insurgents, March, 1796 : in the Nizam's contingent under General A. Wellesley, 1799 : in the assault of Seringapatam, May 4, 1799 : after the capture commanded the Hyderabad Subsidiary Force : took several forts from Dhoondia Waugh, the freebooter, and
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalrymple, William Liston

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​DALRYMPLE, WILLIAM LISTON (1816–)
Born June 29, 1845 : educated at High School, Edinburgh, Wimbledon and Sandhurst : joined 44th regt., 1863, and 88th Connaught Rangers, 1864 : passed Staff College, 1873 : served at Ashanti, Bermuda, D.A.A., and Q.M.G., Northern District : A.A.G., Colonial Forces, South Africa, 1878 : Brig-Major S. Africa Field Force, 1879 : Military Secretary to Lord Lytton when Viceroy of India, 1880 : A.Q.M.G. of India, 1883–4 : D.Q.M.G., India, 1891–3 : Brig-General. India, 1893–8 : C.B., 1893 : retired.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalhoff, Right Rev. Theodore, D.D.

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​DALHOFF, RIGHT REV. THEODORE, D.D. (1837–)
Second Catholic Archbishop of Bombay : a German, born in Westphalia, April 20, 1837 : entered the Society of Jesus, April 14, 1859 : arrived in India, Jan. 28, 1866 : ordained priest, Dec. 25, 1868 : held several posts of Superiorship at Bandora, St. Xavier's College, Bombay, and St. vincent's High School, Poona : as Vicar-General, on the death of Arch-bishop Porter, administered the diocese : Archbishop of Bombay, Dec. 6, 1891 : consecrated in Bombay Cathedral, Jan. 31, 1892 : in 1891 visited Europe, and again in 1895; built the Church of the Holy Name, Bombay (opened Jan. 15, 1905), with Archiepiscopal Residence and Convent School attached : is proprietor of the Bombay Catholic Examiner (now called the Examiner), a weekly religious paper of wide circulation, now in its fifty-fifth year : still at work in his 69th year.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dallas, Sir Thomas

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​DALLAS, SIR THOMAS ( ? –1839)
Was a cavalry officer in the Carnatic, and under Colonel Arthur Wellesley, and at the siege of Seringapatam : distinguished himself : K.C.B. : died Aug. 12, 1839.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalrymple, Alexander

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​DALRYMPLE, ALEXANDER (1737–1808)
Son of Sir James Dalrymple, Bart. : born July 24, 1737 : went out to Madras in the E.I. Co.'s Civil service, in May, 1753 : Lord Pigot, to whom he had been recomended, put him into the Secretariat and taught him to write : the historian Orme also befriended him : he became Deputy Secretary : in 1759–62 he made a voyage to the Eastern Archipelago in the interest of commerce : after returning to Madras he sailed again to the islands and reached Canton in 1764. He returned to England in 1765 to push his schemes of extending commerce to the East, but received no encouragement : failed to obtain the command of an expedition to observe the transit of Venus in 1769 : then turned his attention to geography and hydrography, and published a Chart of the Bay of Bengal in 1772 : appointed Member of Council in Madras, 1775, but in 2 years was recalled on an unfounded charge of misconduct : in 1779 made hydrographer to the E.I. Co., and in 1795 also to the Admiralty : dismissed from this appointment in May, 1808 : died of vexation, June, 19, 1808 : published a number of works, chiefly on voyages, charts, historical and political papers, including the Oriental Repertory, 1791–4.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Dalton, Edward Tuite

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​DALTON, EDWARD TUITE (1816–1880)
Entered the Army, 1835 : in expeditions against frontier tribes of Assam, 1839–40, and 1842 : commanded an expedition and captured the Mishmi chief who had murdered the French missionaries Kirk and Bourry on the Tibetan frontier : Commissioner of Chota Nagpur in 1858 : with the Field Force against the Palamau rebels, and in 1858–9 against the Singbhum insurgents : C.S.L : Maj-General, 1877 : died Dec. 30, 1880 : wrote The Descriptive Ethnology of Bengal, 1872.
# The Zoologist/4th series, vol 3 (1899)/Issue 691

Contents :
| | | PAGE |
| Davenport, Henry Saunderson | Original Sketches of British Birds | 1 |
| Clarke, William George | Early Man in Britain: Spurious Flint Implements | 18 |
| Fox, William Storrs | Varying Fecundity in Birds | 23 |
| | Notes and Queries | 27 |
| | Notices of New Books | 33 |
| | Editorial Gleanings | 40 |
# The Zoologist/4th series, vol 3 (1899)/Issue 692

Contents :
| | | PAGE |
| Oldham, Charles | Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinus) in captivity | 49 |
| Salter, John Henry | Ornithological Notes from Northern Norway | 54 |
| Graves, Frank Stanley & Ralfe, Pilcher George | Notes on Shetland Birds | 72 |
| | Notes and Queries | 78 |
| | Notices of New Books | 89 |
| | Editorial Gleanings | 95 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gardiner, James (d.1732)

​GARDINER, JAMES, the younger (d. 1732), sub-dean of Lincoln, son of James Gardiner, bishop of Lincoln [q. v.], entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1695. He proceeded B.A. as sixteenth wrangler in 1699, and was elected fellow of Jesus College in 1700. He became M.A. in 1702. On 20 April 1704 he was presented by his father to the mastership of St. John's Hospital, Peterborough, and 29 April of the same year was installed sub-dean of Lincoln Cathedral on the death of Dr. Knighton, and at the same time became prebendary of Asgarby. He is described by Browne Willis as 'an extraordinary benefactor to the church of Lincoln, having improved the house belonging to his dignity, rebuilt by his father, so very much that it may be esteemed the best house belonging to the minster' (Willis, Cathedrals, i. 99). He died at Lincoln, 24 March 1731-2, and was buried in the retrochoir of the cathedral, by the side of his father. His only daughter, Susanna, who had nursed him assiduously, followed him to the grave in little more than a month, 27 April, and was buried in the same grave in which his wife, Dinah, was also buried, 4 Sept. 1734. His monument bears a very lengthy epitaph, from which we may gather that he was a man of great suavity of disposition and beneficence, a cultured and popular preacher, and of some success as an author.
He published:
* 'The Duty of Peace amongst Members of the same State. A Sermon on Rom. xiv. 19,' London, 1713.
* 'Practical Exposition of the Beatitudes,' 1713 (this, as well as the sermon, went to a second edition).
He also translated 'Rapin of Gardens,' 1718, and contributed to the 'Oxford and Cambridge Miscellany Poems,' Lintot, 1709.
[Browne Willis's Cathedrals, i. 99; Le Neve's Fasti.]
E. V.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gardiner, Marguerite

​GARDINER, MARGUERITE, Countess of Blessington. [See Blessington.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gardiner, Richard (1591-1670)

​GARDINER, RICHARD, D.D. (1591–1670), divine, was born in 1591 at or near Hereford, and went to the grammar school of that town. In 1607 he entered Christ Church, Oxford, as a poor scholar, taking the degree of B.A. in 1611, M.A. in 1614, and D.D. in 1630. About this time he took holy orders, and, though he seems to have held no preferment, became known as a brilliant and quaint preacher. As deputy-orator to the university, some time previous to 1620, he delivered an 'eloquent oration' upon James I's gift of his own works to the library. James I, according to Wood, gave to Gardiner the reversion of the next vacant canonry at Christ Church in reward for a speech made before the king 'in the Scottish tone.' He was accordingly installed in 1629. In 1630 he was appointed one of the chaplains in ordinary to Charles I. He continued deputy-orator, and in this capacity made the university oration to the king on his return from Edgehill. In 1647 he was examined several times before the parliamentary visitors, and deprived of his prebend. He lived obscurely at Oxford, befriending poor royalists, until the Restoration, when he was reinstated (July 1660). From this time he devoted all his means to charitable purposes and to the enrichment of the college. Among other benefactions in 1662-5 he gave 510l. towards rebuilding parts of Christ Church, and in 1663 he gave lands at Bourton-on-the-Water, Gloucestershire, to the support of two servitors on that foundation. He also erected a fountain in the quadrangle. He died at Oxford in 1670, aged 79, and was buried in the north choir aisle of Christ Church Cathedral, where a monument to his memory was erected, bearing a ludicrously laudatory inscription by South, who succeeded him in his prebend. Gardiner was a man of keen intellect, and his sermons are still worth reading.
His writings are: 1. 'Sermon at St. Paul's Ch. on his Majesty's day of Inauguration, 27 March 1642.' 2. 'Specimen Oratorium,' a collection of his official speeches, published in London in 1653, and again in 1657. In 1662 it was reprinted with additions, and republished in 1668 and 1675. 3. 'Sixteen Sermons preached in the University of Oxford and at Court,' 1659; besides several separate sermons.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iii. 921; Wood's Hist. of Oxford; Le Neve's Fasti Eccl. Angl. ii. 521; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, ed. 1714, ii. 104; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]
A. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Chiswell, Richard (1639-1711)

​CHISWELL, RICHARD, the elder (1639–1711), ‘who well deserves the title of metropolitan bookseller of England, if not of all the world,’ says Dunton (Life and Errors, i. 204), was born in the parish of St. Botolph, Aldgate, 4 Jan. 1639. He carried on an extensive business at the sign of the ‘Rose and Crown’ in St. Paul’s Churchyard, where he published many important books, of which a 'st is given in the ‘Gentleman’s Magazine’ (liv. pt. i. 1793), where, however, it is not mentioned that hiswell was one of the four who issued the fourth folio edition of Shakespeare’s works (1685). Official publishing came to him. In 1680 he brought out the votes of the House of Commons by the authority of Speaker Williams, and an ‘Account of the Proceedings of the Meeting of the Estates of Scotland,’ 1689. The latter was continued by Richard Baldwin until October 1690, and contained the proceedings of the convention, with news and advertisements. Chiswell dealt principally in theology. Dunton tells us how ‘that eminent booqryseller and truly honest man . . . has rinted so many excellent books, written Both by the present and late archbishop of Canterbury, Bishop Patrick, Bishop Burnet, Bishop Vlyake, and other eminent divines’ (op. cit. ii. 666). According to Evelyn’s letter to Archdeacon Nicolson (10 Nov. 1699), Chiswell while printing Burnet’s ‘History of the Reformation’ lost the originals of some very valuable letters written if Mary Stuart to Queen Elizabeth and Leicester, which Evelyn had lent to the historian. Chiswell continued to publish books to within a short time before his death, which took place on 3 May 1711, and was buried (with his father and mother, and other members of the family) in the church of St. Botolph, Aldgate. The premises and business passed into the hands of Charles Rivington (d. 1742), who changed the sign of the ‘Rose and Crown’ to the ‘Bible and Crown,’ and laid the foundation of the famous house of Rivington, the oldest English publishing firm.
Chiswell’s first wife was Sarah, daughter of John King; and his second Mary, daughter of Richard oyston, bookseller to Charles I and Charles II. The second wife bore to him five children, who died young, and three sons who reached maturity: John, who died in India, Richard [q. v.], and Royston, who survived their father.
[Gent. Mag. liv. pt. i. 178-9; Nichols’s Lit. Anecd. iii. 609-ll, iv. 67, 73, viii. 464; Curwen's History of Booksellers (1873), p. 296; Morant’s Essex, 1768, ii. 562; Evelyn’s Diary, iv. 26.]
H. R. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Chitting, Henry

​CHITTING, HENRY (d. 1638), genealogist, was a native of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk (Addit. MS. 19165, f. 183 b). He was appointed Chester herald 18 July 1618; he visited the counties of Berks and Gloucester for Camden, Clarenceux, and the county of Lincoln for Sir Richard St. George, Clarenceux (Nicolas, Cat. of Heralds' Visitations, pp. 7, 31). He died at Islington on 7 Jan. 1637-8, leaving in manuscript, l. The Extinct Baronage. 2. Of the Tenures of the County of Suffolk (Noble, College of Arms, pp. 210, 24l).
[Authorities quoted above]
T. C.