OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Lactantius/The Divine Institutes/The Epitome of the Divine Institutes/Chap. XXXIX

Chap. XXXIX.—Of Various Philosophers, and of the Antipodes.
These things, truly, are of small importance, but they arise from the same falsehood. Xenophanes said that the orb of the moon is eighteen times larger than this earth of ours; and that within its compass is contained another earth, which is inhabited by men and animals of every kind. About the antipodes also one can neither hear nor speak without laughter. It is asserted as something serious, that we should believe that there are men who have their feet opposite to ours. The ravings of Anaxagoras are more tolerable, who said that snow was black. And not only the sayings, but the deeds, of some are ridiculous. Democritus neglected his land which was left to him by his father, and suffered it to become a public pasture. Diogenes with his company of dogs, who professes that great and perfect virtue in the contempt of all things, preferred to beg for his support, rather than to seek it by honest labour, or to have any property. Undoubtedly the life of a wise man ought to be to others an example of living. If all should imitate the wisdom of these, how will states exist? But perhaps the same Cynics were able to afford an example of modesty, who lived with their wives in public. I know not how they could defend virtue, who took away modesty.
Nor was Aristippus better than these, who, I believe, that he might please his mistress Lais, instituted the Cyrenaic system, by which he placed the end of the chief good in bodily pleasure, that authority might not be wanting to his faults, or learning to his vices. Are those men of greater fortitude to be more approved, who, that they might be said to have despised death, died by their own hands? Zeno, Empedocles, Chrysippus, Cleanthes, Democritus, and Cato, imitating these, did not know that he who put himself to death is guilty of murder, according to the divine right and law. For it was God who placed us in this abode of flesh: it was He who gave us the temporary habitation of the body, that we should inhabit it as long as He pleased. Therefore it is to be considered impious, to wish to depart from it without the command of God. Therefore violence must not be applied to nature. He knows how to destroy His own work. And if any one shall apply impious hands to that work, and shall tear asunder the bonds of the divine workmanship, he endeavours to flee from God, whose sentence no one will be able to escape, whether alive or dead. Therefore they are accursed and impious, whom I have mentioned above, who even taught what are the befitting reasons for voluntary death; so that it was not enough of guilt that they were self-murderers, unless they instructed others also to this wickedness.

## Footnotes

* ↑ i.e., the Cynics.
* ↑ Resolvat.
* ↑ [A succinct statement of the sixth command in its bearing on suicide.]
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VII/Lactantius/The Divine Institutes/The Epitome of the Divine Institutes/Chap. XXXII

Chap. XXXII.—Of the Sects of Philosophers, and Their Disagreement.
To this is added, that it is not uniform; but being divided into sects, and scattered into many and discordant opinions, it has no fixed state. For since they all separately attack and harass one another, and there is none of them which is not condemned of folly in the judgment of the rest, while the members are plainly at variance with one another, the whole body of philosophy is brought to destruction. Hence the Academy afterwards originated. For when the leading men of that sect saw that philosophy was altogether overthrown by philosophers mutually opposing each other, they undertook war against all, that they might destroy all the arguments of all; while they themselves assert nothing except one thing—that nothing can be known. Thus, having taken away knowledge, they overthrew the ancient philosophy. But they did not even themselves retain the name of philosophers, since they admitted their ignorance, because to be ignorant of all things is not only not the part of a philosopher, but not even of a man. Thus the philosophers, because they have no defence, must destroy one another with mutual wounds, and philosophy itself must altogether consume and put an end to itself by its own arms. But they say it is only natural philosophy which thus gives way. How is it with moral? Does that rest on any firm foundation? Let us see whether philosophers are agreed in this part at any rate, which relates to the condition of life.

## Footnotes

* ↑ i.e., philosophy.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Morgan, Miles

Edition of 1900.
​MORGAN, Miles, soldier, b. in Bristol, England, in 1616; d. in Llandaff, Wales, 28 May, 1699. Being a younger son and of venturesome disposition he conceived the idea of joining one of the many vessels that conveyed emigrants to America from his native town. He arrived on one of these at Boston in April, 1636, and soon afterward penetrated, with an expedition headed by a Col. Pyncheon, into the wilderness, and settled at what is now Springfield, Mass., building for himself a fortified block-house on the bank of Connecticut river on the site that is now occupied by the car-shops of the Connecticut River railroad. Soon after settling in Springfield he married Prudence Gilbert, a fellow-passenger on the voyage from Bristol. At the sack of Springfield, Capt. Morgan's block-house became the fortress of the place, and, after the burning of the settlement, held out until messengers had been despatched to Hadley, and thirty-six men (the standing army of the colony of Massachusetts bay), under command of Capt. Samuel
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Morgan, Michael Ryan

Edition of 1900.
​MORGAN, Michael Ryan, soldier, b. in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 18 Jan., 1833. He was appointed from Louisiana to the U. S. military academy, where he was graduated in 1854, assigned to the artillery, and served in garrison, and against hostile Indians till the civil war, during which he was in the subsistence department. He was chief of commissariat of the 10th army corps in May and June, 1864, and of the armies operating against Richmond in 1864-'5, receiving all the brevets to brigadier-general in the regular army for his services in the campaigns of those two years. On 17 Nov., 1865, he became commissary of subsistence with the rank of major, and since the war he has been the commissary-general of various departments. He became brigadier-general in 1894, and was retired in 1897.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Morris, Edward Joy

Edition of 1900.
​MORRIS, Edward Joy, author, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 16 July, 1815; d. there, 31 Dec., 1881. He was graduated at Harvard in 1836 and admitted to the Philadelphia bar in 1842. While pursuing his studies in the law he was chosen to the assembly of Pennsylvania, in which he served in 1841-'3. He was then elected to congress as a Whig, serving in 1843-'5, and in 1850 he was sent as chargé d'affaires to Naples, which office he filled four years. In 1856 and 1858 he was again elected to congress, and in the latter year he was appointed by President Lincoln U. S. minister to Turkey, which office he held until 1870. Besides frequent contributions to various journals, he was the author of “Notes of a Tour through Turkey, Greece, Egypt, Arabia Petræa, to the Holy Land” (2 vols., Philadelphia, 1842); and translated from the German Alfred De Besse's “The Turkish Empire, Social and Political,” with additions (1854); “Afraja, or Life and Love in Norway,” by Theodore Mugge (1854); and “Corsica, Picturesque, Historical, and Social,” by Ferdinand Gregorovius (1856).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Morrow, Jeremiah

Edition of 1900.
​MORROW, Jeremiah, senator, b. in Gettysburg, Pa., 6 Oct., 1771; d. in Warren county, Ohio, 22 March, 1852. He removed to the northwest territory in 1795, and in 1802 was a delegate to the convention that formed the Ohio constitution. He was elected to congress as a Democrat on the admission to Ohio into the union, served in 1803-'13, and was chairman of the committee on public lands. In 1814 he was a commisssioner to treat with all the Indians west of the Miami river. He was a member of the U.S. Senate in 1813-'19, governor of Ohio in 1822-'26, served in the state senate in 1826-'28, subsequently became canal commissioner, and for several years was president of the Little Miami railroad. In 1841-'43 he again served in congress.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Montrueil, Desire Amahle Ferdinand

Edition of 1900. No confirmation of this person's existence outside of Appletons' and derived sources has as yet been located, but there is also no verifiable source which states the person is one of Appletons' fictitious entries. Use this information with extra caution. There is a spelling error in the title of one of the alleged literary works. There is also a mention of the subject visiting the New England states, but the United States did not become independent until 1776, and the states of New England were not known as such until 1787-1788, 1791 or 1820: all of this came well after the subject's date of death.
​MONTRUEIL, Desire Amahle Ferdinand (mong-truh'-ee), IPrench botanist, b. in Saulieu, Burgundy, in 1709 ; d. in St. Gratien, near Paris, in 1760. He was given in 1737 a mission to explore northern Canada, and in particular the territories around Hudson bay, and during six years collected many specimens of the Canadian flora, but while he was returning to France he was captured by the English and taken to London. He was released after the conclusion of peace in 1748, and vainly endeavored to recover his property, but the British authorities refused to surrender it, in spite of the protests of the Paris academy of science to the London royal society. Returning to this continent in 1750, he again explored northern Canada, and after forming a new collection visited the New England states, Philadelphia, and New- foundland during 1750-'4. In 1755 he was given a like mission to Santo Domingo, and passing after- ward to the continent, explored for two years the Guianas and Venezuela. He published "Voyage a, la bale d'Hudson " (Paris, 1749); "fitudes sur I'histoire naturelle du Canada ou Nouvelle France du Nord " (1754) ; " Expose du systeme vegetal de la vallee du Saint Laurent au Canada" (1755); " Histoire et description des plantes, medicinales propres a la Guiane " (1758) ; " and " Etudes sur la nature tropicale " (Paris, 1759).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Moreau, Jean Victor

Edition of 1900.
​MOREAU, Jean Victor (mo-ro), French soldier, b. in Morlay, 11 Aug., 1763; d. in Laun, Bohemia, 2 Sept., 1813. He was graduated in law at Rennes, and had applied for admission to the bar when he was elected, 10 Sept., 1791, chief of battalion of the Rennois volunteers. He was made a lieutenant-general in 1794, and led the Army of the Flanders in a successful campaign. In 1796 he took command of the Army of the Rhine and Moselle ​and defeated the Archduke Charles of Austria at Heydenheim and in many engagements; but his supplies having been cut off by the withdrawal of Jourdan, who was to co-operate with him, he made a retreat of twenty-six days between three hostile armies, without losing a gun, bringing back 7,000 prisoners. He defeated the Austrians again at Huningen in the following year, commanded in Italy in 1799, and in Germany in 1800, defeating the Austrians at Hohenlinden on 3 Dec. As he was the only military rival of Napoleon Bonaparte, the first consul, becoming jealous, caused him to be accused of complicity with the royalists, and he was sentenced to exile in 1804. Moreau embarked for the United States, arriving with his wife in New York in December. He was received with enthusiasm in this country, but refusing all offers of service he travelled for some time through the country and settled in 1806 in New Jersey, where he bought a villa near Delaware river, a few miles from Trenton. He lived there till 1813, dividing his time between fishing, hunting, and social intercourse. His abode was the refuge of all political exiles, and representatives of foreign powers tried to induce him to raise his sword against Napoleon. When war seemed imminent between the United States and Great Britain, Moreau was offered by President Madison the command of the U. S. troops. He was willing to accept, but the events of the Russian campaign decided him to return to Europe. He was received with enthusiasm by the Emperor Alexander and the king of Prussia, drew the plan of campaign against Napoleon, and was directing a movement during the battle of Dresden, 27 Aug., 1813, when he was mortally wounded. His interesting correspondence while he was in the United States has been published several times. Moreau's biographies, both in French and in English, are also numerous. A good edition was published by Hyde de Neuville, French consul-general in New York, entitled “Éloge historique du Général Moreau” (New York, 1814).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Morgan, Matthew Somerville

Edition of 1900.
​MORGAN, Matthew Somerville, artist, b. in London, 27 April, 1839; d. in New York, 2 June, 1890. His father was an actor and music-teacher; his mother, Mary Somerville, an actress and singer. The son studied scene-painting and followed his profession at Princess's theatre, but became artist and correspondent for the “Illustrated London News.” He also studied in Paris, Italy, and Spain, and was one of the first artists to penetrate into the interior of Africa, which he did in 1858 by way of French Algeria. In 1859 he reported for the “News” the Austro-Italian war. He was afterward joint editor and proprietor of the “Tomahawk,” a comic illustrated London paper, and its artist. The most notable of his cartoons were attacks on the royal family, the first that were ever made. He was associated with Frank C. Burnand, William S. Gilbert, and others, in the establishment of the London “Fun,” and a volume of his cartoons in this paper has been published under the title “American War Cartoons” (London, 1874). In 1867-'9 he was principal scene-painter to the Royal Italian opera, Covent garden. He came to the United States in 1870 under an engagement with Frank Leslie, and, after working as caricaturist on the latter's publications, acted as manager of several New York theatres. He went in 1880 to Cincinnati, where he was manager of the Strobridge lithograph company till 1885, and did much to improve the character of theatrical lithography. He also founded there in 1883 the Matt Morgan art pottery company, and the Cincinnati art students' league. He returned in 1887 to New York city. Mr. Morgan contributed to the exhibitions of the Water-color society, and painted a series of large panoramic pictures, representing battles of the civil war, which were exhibited in Cincinnati in 1886 and elsewhere.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 11

Chapter 11.
And when he was thinking of rising up and hiding himself, and dwelling in secret, behold, on that very night, the angel of the Lord appeared to him in sleep, saying: Joseph, thou son of David, fear not; receive Mary as thy wife: for that which is in her womb is of the Holy Spirit. And she shall bring forth a son, and His name shall be called Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins. And Joseph, rising from his sleep, gave thanks to God, and spoke to Mary and the virgins who were with her, and told them his vision. And he was comforted about Mary, saying: I have sinned, in that I suspected thee at all.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew
## Contents

* Preface
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Chapter 18
* Chapter 19
* Chapter 20
* Chapter 21
* Chapter 22
* Chapter 23
* Chapter 24
* Chapter 25
* Chapter 26
* Chapter 27
* Chapter 28
* Chapter 29
* Chapter 30
* Chapter 31
* Chapter 32
* Chapter 33
* Chapter 34
* Chapter 35
* Chapter 36
* Chapter 37
* Chapter 38
* Chapter 39
* Chapter 40
* Chapter 41
* Chapter 42
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 10

Chapter 10.
While these things were doing, Joseph was occupied with his work, house-building, in the districts by the sea-shore; for he was a carpenter. And after nine months he came back to his house, and found Mary pregnant. Wherefore, being in the utmost distress, he trembled and cried out, saying: O Lord God, receive my spirit; for it is better for me to die than to live any longer. And the virgins who were with Mary said to him:  Joseph, what art thou saying? We know that no man has touched her; we can testify that she is still a virgin, and untouched. We have watched over her; always has she continued with us in prayer; daily do the angels of God speak with her; daily does she receive food from the hand of the Lord. We know not how it is possible that there can be any sin in her. But if thou wishest us to tell thee what we suspect, nobody but the angel of the Lord has made her pregnant. Then said Joseph: Why do you mislead me, to believe that an angel of the Lord has made her pregnant? But it is possible that some one has pretended to be an angel of the Lord, and has beguiled her. And thus speaking, he wept, and said: With what face shall I look at the temple of the Lord, or with what face shall I see the priests of God? What am I to do? And thus saying, he thought that he would flee, and send her away.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Another reading is: The Holy Spirit.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 1

Chapter 1.
In those days there was a man in Jerusalem, Joachim by name, of the tribe of Judah. He was the shepherd of his own sheep, fearing the Lord in integrity and singleness of heart. He had no other care than that of his herds, from the produce of which he supplied with food all that feared God, offering double gifts in the fear of God to all who laboured in doctrine, and who ministered unto Him. Therefore his lambs, and his sheep, and his wool, and all things whatsoever he possessed, he used to divide into three portions: one he gave to the orphans, the widows, the strangers, and the poor; the second to those that worshipped God; and the third he kept for himself and all his house. And as he did so, the Lord multiplied to him his herds, so that there was no man like him in the people of Israel. This now he began to do when he was fifteen years old. And at the age of twenty he took to wife Anna, the daughter of Achar, of his own tribe, that is, of the tribe of Judah, of the family of David. And though they had lived together for twenty years, he had by her neither sons nor daughters.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Two of the mss. have this prologue: I James, the son of Joseph, living in the fear of God, have written all that with my own eyes I saw coming to pass in the time of the nativity of the holy virgin Mary, or of the Lord the Saviour: giving thanks to God, who has given me wisdom in the accounts of His Advent, showing His abounding grace to the twelve tribes of Israel.
* ↑ Tobit i. 7.
* ↑ One of the mss. has: Only they vowed that, if God should give them offspring, they would devote it to the service of the temple; and because of this, they were wont to go to the temple of the Lord at each of the yearly festivals.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 15

Chapter 15.
And on the sixth day they entered Bethlehem, where they spent the seventh day. And on the eighth day they circumcised the child, and called His name Jesus; for so He was called by the angel before He was conceived in the womb. Now, after the days of the purification of Mary were fulfilled according to the law of Moses, then Joseph took the infant to the temple of the Lord. And when the infant had received parhithomus,—parhithomus, that is, circumcision—they offered for Him a pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons.
Now there was in the temple a man of God, perfect and just, whose name was Symeon, a hundred and twelve years old.  He had received the answer from the Lord, that he should not taste of death till he had seen Christ, the Son of God, living in the flesh. And having seen the child, he cried out with a loud voice, saying: God hath visited His people, and the Lord hath fulfilled His promise. And he made haste, and adored Him. And after this he took Him up into his cloak and kissed His feet, and said:  Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servant depart in peace, according to Thy word: for mine eyes have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples, to be a light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of Thy people Israel.
There was also in the temple of the Lord, Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher, who had lived with her husband seven years from her virginity; and she had now been a widow eighty-four years. And she never left the temple of the Lord, but spent her time in fasting and prayer. She also likewise adored the child, saying: In Him is the redemption of the world.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Luke ii. 21–24.
* ↑ This shows the extent of the writer’s, or transcriber’s knowledge of Greek.
* ↑ Lev. xii. 8.
* ↑ Luke ii. 22–35.
* ↑ Luke ii. 36–38.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Apocrypha of the New Testament/The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew/Chapter 16

Chapter 16.
And when the second year was past, Magi came from the east to Jerusalem, bringing great gifts. And they made strict inquiry of the Jews, saying: Where is the king who has been born to you? for we have seen his star in the east, and have come to worship him. And word of this came to King Herod, and so alarmed him that he called together the scribes and the Pharisees, and the teachers of the people, asking of them where the prophets had foretold that Christ should be born. And they said: In Bethlehem of Judah. For it is written: And thou Bethelehem, in the land of Judah, art by no means the least among the princes of Judah; for out of thee shall come forth a Leader who shall rule my people Israel. Then King Herod summoned the magi to him, and strictly inquired of them when the star appeared to them. Then, sending them to Bethlehem, he said: Go and make strict inquiry about the child; and when ye have found him, bring me word again, that I may come and worship him also. And while the magi were going on their way, there appeared to them the star, which was, as it were, a guide to them, going before them until they came to where the child was. And when the magi saw the star, they rejoiced with great joy; and going into the house, they saw the child Jesus sitting in His mother’s lap. Then they opened their treasures, and presented great gifts to the blessed Mary and Joseph. And to the child Himself they offered each of them a piece of gold. And likewise one gave gold, another frankincense, and the third myrrh. And when they were going to return to King Herod, they were warned by an angel in their sleep not to go back to Herod; and they returned to their own country by another road.

## Footnotes

* ↑ One ms. has: When two days were past.  Another: On the thirteenth day.
* ↑ Mic. v. 2.
* ↑ The siclus aureus, or gold shekel, was worth £1, 16s. 6d.
* ↑ One ms. has: Gaspar gave Myrrh, Melchior frankincense, Balthusar gold.
* ↑ Matt. ii. 1–12.