OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Fisher, John

Edition of 1879. See also John Fisher on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
FISHER, John, an English prelate, a zealous opponent of the reformation, born in Beverley, Yorkshire, in 1459, beheaded June 22, 1535. Having become the confessor of Margaret, countess of Richmond, he induced that lady to found St. John's and Christ's colleges at Cambridge. In 1501 he became chancellor of that university, and in 1504 bishop of Rochester. He has been supposed to have written the treatise Assertio septem Sacramentorum, for which Henry VIII. obtained the title of “Defender of the Faith.” Though long favored by the king, Fisher fell under his displeasure by his opposition to the divorce of Catharine of Aragon. On the question of the king's spiritual supremacy being broached in 1531, the bishop firmly refused to acknowledge it. He further fell into disfavor, and was arraigned for misprision of treason, for concealing certain prophecies of Elizabeth Barton, called the holy maid of Kent, respecting the king's death. For this offence he was condemned to imprisonment during the king's pleasure, but was released on paying a fine of £300. Refusing to take the oath of allegiance in 1534, he was committed to the tower, attainted, and his bishopric declared vacant. Pope Paul III. took the opportunity to create him a cardinal; but Henry having sent Cromwell to interrogate him with regard to the appointment, and being informed that he would accept the cardinal's hat, exclaimed: “Mother of God! he shall wear it on his shoulders then, for I will leave him never a head to set it on!” The aged bishop was at once condemned on the
charge of denying the king's supremacy, and was beheaded. He wrote a commentary on the seven penitential psalms, sermons, and controversial and devotional treatises. His life has been written by the Rev. J. Lewis (2 vols. 8vo, London, 1854-'5).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Fitchburg

Edition of 1879. See also Fitchburg, Massachusetts on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
FITCHBURG, a city and one of the county seats of Worcester co., Massachusetts, on a branch of the Nashua river, 40 m. N. W. of Boston; pop. in 1850, 5,120; in 1860, 7,805; in 1870, 11,260, of whom 2,517 were foreigners. It embraces the villages of Crockerville, Rockville, South Fitchburg, Traskville, and West Fitchburg. It is the terminus of four railroads: the Fitchburg, to Boston; the Fitchburg and Worcester, to Worcester; the Vermont and Massachusetts, to Brattleboro; and the Cheshire, to Keene and Bellows Falls. It is also connected with Boston via South Framingham by the Boston, Clinton, and Fitchburg railroad. The river furnishes abundant water power, and manufacturing is extensively carried on. The principal establishments are 14 machine shops, turning out steam engines, mowers and reapers, machinists' tools, and employing 1,000 men; several chair factories, employing 500 men; 3 paper mills, with 200 hands; 2 iron founderies, 1 brass foundery, 3 manufactories of edge tools, 1 of boots and shoes, 3 of sash, doors, and blinds, 1 of files, 1 of cotton duck, 2 of beaver cloths, 1 of cassimeres, 1 of shoddy, and 1 of carpet yarn. There are 2 national banks, with an aggregate capital of $500,000, 2 savings banks, with deposits amounting to over $2,500,000, and a fire insurance company. The city has a small police force, an efficient fire department, water works, and gas works. The public buildings include a masonic and an odd fellows' hall, a city hall, a jail, and a court house. A monument to the memory of the soldiers who fell in the civil war has recently been erected. There are 37 public schools, taught by 49 teachers, viz.: 1 high, 3 grammar, and 33 of inferior grades; a public library containing over volumes, and two weekly newspapers. There are ten churches.—Fitchburg, which at first formed part of Lunenburg, was incorporated as a separate town in 1764, and as a city in 1872.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Finsteraarhorn

Edition of 1879. See also Finsteraarhorn on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ FINSTERAARHORN, the loftiest peak of the Bernese Alps, 14,106 (or according to another measurement 14,026) ft. high, situated W. of the Grimsel, and visible from the new carriage road completed since 1867 over the Furca pass. The summit is accessible from the Faulberg hut, 5 m. from Lake Merjelen. Although the mountain is surrounded by stupendous glaciers, the highest point is said to be free from snow and ice, owing to its needle-like formation, whence it is called the Nadel; it is about 20 ft. long. The S. part of the mountain is called also Schwarzhorn, on account of the dark appearance of the rocks. Various attempts to scale the summit have been made during the last 60 years, with varied success; those made most recently have been most successful.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Fisher, George Park

Edition of 1879. See also George Park Fisher on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
FISHER, George Park, an American scholar, born in Wrentham, Mass., Aug. 10, 1827. He graduated at Brown university in 1847, and studied theology in the divinity school of Yale college and in that at Andover, Mass. In 1853 he visited Germany, where he continued his theological studies. He was appointed professor of divinity in Yale college on his return from Europe, and, in connection with his professorship, he was ordained as pastor of the college church, Oct. 24, 1854. After a period of seven years he resigned his office, and in 1861 was elected professor of ecclesiastical history in Yale divinity school. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Brown university in 1866. He has been a frequent contributor to the “New Englander,” of which quarterly he has since 1866 been one of the editors. In 1865 he published a volume entitled “Essays on the Supernatural Origin of Christianity, with special reference to the Theories of Renan, Strauss, and the Tübingen School” (enlarged ed., 1871). He delivered in 1871 a course of lectures at the Lowell institute, Boston, on the reformation, and from these resulted a volume on the “History of the Reformation” (1873).
# The Art of Living in Australia/Chapter 16

SOUP
Soup is a much neglected food; there are many excuses made for this— one says it is “expensive”, another it is “too much trouble” and “quite unnecessary”.
When once the principle of the stock pot is understood the first excuse falls through, for in any ordinary households the stock can be made from bones and trimmings of meat, and costs nothing. Neither does the excuse of too much trouble hold good. Some little time must be devoted to cooking, and soup will almost cook itself while other preparations are going on, and it can be made at any time and just boiled up when required. As for being unnecessary, that is quite a mistake. To give the greatest amount of nourishment with the least trouble to the digestive organs should be the study of every housekeeper, and soup is a valuable aid in this respect. For weakly and delicate constitutions, for the young and the aged, there is no better food, and for the busy workers it is invaluable, for immediately after work the digestive organs are not in a proper state to do hard work, and little soup prepares the stomach for the more solid food to follow. It is quite a mistake to suppose that a rich, heavy soup is necessary, and that a large quantity must be taken. In either case, the effect would be to take away the appetite, instead of which it is to stimulate and encourage the appetite that the soup should be given.
Soup is a splendid restorative, and if given to any one suffering from exhaustion or over fatigue will quickly restore strength, and be found far better than any stimulant. Soup is often disliked because it is greasy and served lukewarm; if the directions given in the paragraph on the stock pot for removing the fat be carried out, it will never be greasy, and if it is boiled up just before serving, it will be hot. Allow half a pint of soup for each guest, have a warm tureen and hot plates, and “try the effect”.
# Tamil Proverbs/தெ

தெ.

## தெண்டத்திற்குப் பணமும் திவசத்திற்குக் கறியும் அகப்படும்.

    Money for fines, and greens for the anniversaries of the dead, are readily available.

## தெய்வ சித்தம் இருந்தால் செத்தவனும் எழும்புவான்.

    God being willing, even the dead may rise.

## தெய்வப் புலவனுக்கு நா உணரும் சித்திர ஓடாவிக்குக் கை உணரும்.

    To a heaven-inspired poet, the tongue, to an artist, the hand are skilful.

## தெய்வம் துணைக்கொள் தேகம் அநித்தியம்.

    Secure divine help,— the body is transient.

## தெரியாத் திணையே பிரியாத் துணை நீ.

    O unconscicous earth, thou art my inseparable help.

## தெருளா மனதுக்கு இருளே இல்லை.

    An unenlightened mind has no sense of darkeness.

## தெவிட்டாக் கனி பிள்ளை, தெவிட்டாப் பானம் தண்ணீர்.

    A child is a fruit that does not nauseate, and water is a beverage that never cloys.

## தெளிந்த தண்ணீர் நீர் குடித்தீர் சேற்றைக் கலக்கி விட்டீர்.

    Having drunk the clear water, thou hast stirred the mud.

## தெளிவுறும் பரதேவ தேசிகன்.

    The illustrious, holy, divine teacher.

## தெள்ளிய திருமணி திருட்டுக்கு நவமணி.

    In thieving he is a precious stone—one of the nine gems.

## தெறிக்க அடித்த தட்டானைப்போல.

    Like the goldsmith who beats off the gold in pieces.

## தெற்கத்தைக் குருவியை வடக்கத்தைக் குருவி தெற்றி அழைத்ததாம் சீகம்பழம் தின்னப் போக.

    A northern bird induced a southern bird to feed on Sígampalam-a fruit.

## தெற்கே அடித்த காற்றுத் திரும்பி அடியாதா?

    Will not the south wind blow again?

## தென் காசி ஆசாரம் திருநெல்வேலி உபசாரம்.

    The manners of Tenkási, and the ceremoniousness of Tinnevelly.

## தென்றல் முற்றிப் பெரும் காற்று ஆச்சுது.

    The gentle southern breeze has increased to a gale.

## தென்னமரத்திற் பாதி என்னை வளர்த்தாள் பாவி.

    I am half the height of a cocoanut tree, she who brought me up is a sinner.

## தென்னமரத்திலே தேள் கொட்டப் பனைமரத்திலே நெறி கட்டினதுபோல .

    As when the scorpion stung the cocoanut tree, the palmyra tree had a glandular swelling.

## தென்னாலுராமன் பூனை வளர்த்ததுபோல.

    As Tennáluráman reared a cat.
# Tamil Proverbs/தை

தை.

## தை ஈனாப் புல்லும் இல்லை, மாசி ஈனா மரமும் இல்லை.

    There is no grass that does not grow in January, nor tree that does not sprout in February.

## தைத்த வாயிலும் இருக்கத் தாணித்த வாயிலும் இருக்க எங்காலே போனீர் உப்பனாரே?

    Whilst one gate is blocked up, and the other defended by artillery, O Uppanár how did you find your way in?

## தை பிறந்தால் வழி பிறக்கும்.

    If January come, roads come.

## தைப்புக்குத் தைப்பு மரம் பிடித்தாற்போல.

    Like holding the lath as each nail is fastened.

## தையலும் இல்லான் மையலும் இல்லான்.

    One who has neither wife, nor desire to marry.

## தையும் மாசியும் வையகத்து உறங்கு.

    In January and February sleep under thatch.
    Because dew is then excessive.
# Tamil Proverbs/தோ

தோ.

## தோட்டக்காரன் வாழ்வு காற்று அடித்தால் போயிற்று.

    The prospects of a gardener are destroyed by a gale.

## தோட்டத்தில் அந்தம்.

    It ends in the garden.

## தோட்டத்து நரி கூட்டத்தில் வருமா?

    Will the jackal of the garden come into the assembly?

## தோட்டம் முச்சாண் சுரைக்காய் அறுசாண்.

    The garden is three spans square, the gourd in it is six spans long.

## தோட்டம் நிலைத்தல்லவோ தென்னம்பிள்ளை வைக்கவேண்டும்.

    It is after laying out the garden plot, is it not, that cocoanut trees are planted.

## தோட்டிபோல் உழைத்தால் துரைபோலச் சாப்பிடலாம்.

    If you work like a acavenger, you may eat like your master.

## தோணி போகும் துறை கிடக்கும்.

    The ship goes, the port remains.

## தோண்டக் குறுணி தூர்க்க முக்குறுணி.

    One kuruni for digging, three for filling up.

## தோல் இருக்கச் சுளை விழுங்கி.

    He who can swallow the pulp while the peel remains intact.

## தோழனாவது துலங்கிய கல்வி.

    Distinguished learning is a real companion.

## தோழனோடும் ஏழைமை பேசேல்.

    Disclose not your defects even to a friend.

## தோளில் இருந்து செவியைக் கடிக்கிறதா?

    What! seated on the shoulder and biting the ear?

## தோற்பது கொண்டு சபை ஏறுகிறதா?

    Do you enter the assembly when sure of defeat?

## தோற்றின யாவும் தோற்றம் அற்று ஒழியும்.

    All things that exist will vanish away.
# Tamil Proverbs/தௌ

தௌ.

## தௌவித் திரியேல்.

    Do not romp about.

## தௌவையின் மனதுக்கு ஒவ்வுதல் இல்லை.

    Nothing gives satisfaction to the goddess of misfortune.
# Tamil Proverbs/தொ

தொ.

## தொட்டால் தோழன் விட்டால் மாற்றான்.

    When together friends, if separated enemies.

## தொட்டிவிற் பிள்ளைக்கு நடக்கிற பிள்ளை நமன்.

    A child that can walk, is as Yama to a child in the cradle.

## தொட்டியப் பேய் சடுகாடு மட்டும்.

    The demon of a wizard pursues one to the burning ground.

## தொட்டிலும் ஆட்டிப் பிள்ளையும் கிள்ளுவான்.

    She rocks the cradle and pinches the child.

## தொட்டிற் பழக்கம் சுடுகாடு மட்டும்.

    Habits contracted in the cradle cleave to one till he goes to the burning ground.

## தொட்டுக் காட்டாத வித்தை சொட்டுப் போட்டாலும் வராது.

    Without a preceptor an art cannot be attained.

## தொண்டர்கள் அன்பன் துணைக்கு நிற்பவன்.

    He is the friend of his servants who helps them.

## தொண்டெனப்படேல்.

    Be not called a slave.

## தொண்ணூறு கடனோடே துவரம்பருப்புக் காற் பணம்.

    With ninety debts, beans for a quarter of a fanam.

## தொண்ணூறு பொன்னோடே துவரம்பருப்பு ஒரு பணம்.

    With ninety gold fanams, one for beans.

## தொத்துக்குத் தொத்துச் சாட்சி துவரம்பருப்புக்கு மத்தே சாட்சி.

    A slave is a witness for a slave, a churn-staff is a witness for beans-cytisus cajan.

## தொழுதுதூண் சுவையின் உழுதூண் இனிது.

    The food earned by the plough is sweeter than that obtained by serving others.

## தொழுவம் புகுந்த ஆடு புழுக்கை இடாமற் போமா?

    When sheep are penned, will not dung be found in the fold?

## தொன்மை நாடி நன்மை விடாதே.

    In your zeal for old forms neglect not what is really useful,

## தொன்மை மறவேல்.

    Forget not your former condition.

## தொன்னிலம் முழுதும் தோன்றிய கல்வி.

    Learning which is conspicuous to the whole world.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మ్రి

మ్రి
మ్రింగు mringu, v. a. vide మింగు mingu.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మో

మో
మోక moka, s. A germ, or sprout. ​మోకాలు mokalu, s. Making in ike inflex. Sing. మోకాటి, మోకాలి mokafii mokali, The knee. మోకాటిచిప్ప mokatiehippa, 5. The pan of the knee. మోకాలించు-మోకారించు, మోకరిల్లు mokalintsu-mokarintsu, mokarillu, v. n. To kneel.
మోకు moku, s. A cable, or thick rope.
మోగు moga, v. n. To emit sound, as a bell, &c-
మోచనము mochanamu, s. Liberation, freedom.
మోచు inotsu, v.a. To bear, or carry, a burden.
మోచెయ్యి mocheyyi,*. Makiog in the inflex. Sing. మోచేతి mocheti, The elbow.
మోట mota, 3. vide కపిలె kapile, మోటబాన motabana, s. The large bucket, in which water is drawn up from wells.
మోట mota, adj. Dull, stupid,simple.
మోటు motu, s* A stupid person, a blockhead. 2. A stallion. 3. The trunk of a tree when felled, adj. Stupid, ignorant, dull.
మోడము modamu. s. Cloudiness.
మోడి modi, .*. The thick part of the long pepper vine. 2. Any biting placed by a conjurer to try the ability of another.
మోడు modn, s. The trunk of a felied tree. 2- Raised, 01 high, ground. మోడు-చఱచు, పడు modu-charratsu, paclu, v. n. To be motionless.
మోత mota, s. A load. 2. A sound, a roar.
మోతరఫా motaraph.i, s. The Molifcurfa tax, levied on traders, merchants, and artisans.
మోతుబరీ, మోతుబరు motubari, motubaru, adj. Confidential, reputable, trupt-worthy.
మోద moda, s. A bundle of leaves.
మోదము mcdamu, s. Joy, delight, pleasure, happiness. మోదించు modintsn, To rejoice, to be happy.
మోదు modu, v* a. To beat. మోదుకొను modukonu. v. Comp. To beat one's-self.
మోపాది mopadi, s. Banger, risk.
మోపి mopi, s. A widow.
మోపు niopu, s. A large bundle, or load. 2. A burden.
మోపు mopu, v. a To load a burden on another. 2. To put upon, or charge against, another. 3- To prop up. మోపుకొను mopukonu, v. Comp. To load, or take upon one's- self. మోపుదల mopudala, s. A charge, or accusation : a load.
మోపెట్టు rnopettu, v. a. To braee a bow. ​మోము momu, s. The face, or countenance.
మోయు moyu, v. a. To bear, sustain, or carry, a burden. మోయించు moyintsu, v. Cans. To cause to bear, &c. . A burden. మోసుకొను mosukonu, -v. Ccmp. One's-self to bear, &c> A burden. vide మోపు mopu,
మోర mora. s. The face, or counte- nance.
మోరపాక rnorapaka, s. A house, of which the roof is made of grass, leaves, prats, &c, and not of wood.
మోరు mom, s. The coagulated blood, suffused under the skin, after a bruise.
మోవి movi, s. The under lip.
మోసము mosamu, s, Fraud, deceit, treachery, trick. మోసగాడు mosagadu, A deceitful or treacherous man. మోసగత్తె mosagatte, A deceitful or treacherous woman. మోసగించు-మోసపుచ్చు-మోసముచేయు, మోసపెట్టు mosagintsti - mosaputstsu-mosamucheyu, mcsapettu, v. a. To deceive, delude, or betray. మోసపోవు mosapovu, v. n. To be deceiver].
మోసు mosu, s. The sprout of any edible root.
మోహము mohamti, s. Love. 2. Fascination. 3. Loss of consciousness, a.swoon. మోహించు mohintsu, v. a. To love.
మోహరము moharamu, 5. The array of an army. మోహరించు moharintsu, To prepare for battle. '
మోహరా mohara, s All the pieces at chess, with the exception of the pawns.
మోహిని mohini, s. A fairy.
మోక్షము mokshamu, s. Beatitude, bliss, salvation; the exemption of the soul from, further transmigration.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మ్రు

మ్రు
మ్రుగ్గు mruggu, s. vide ముగ్గు muggu. ​మ్రుచ్చిమి mruchchimi, s. Theft, robbery.
మ్రుచ్చిలు mruchchilu, v* a. vide, ముచ్చిలు muchchilu.
మ్రుచ్చు mrutstsu, 5. vide ముచ్చు mrutstsu.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మ్రొ

మ్రొ
మ్రొక్కు mrokku, s. And verb, vide మొక్కు mokku.
మ్రొగ్గు mrutstsu, " v. n. vide మొగ్గు moggu.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మై

మై
మై mai, s. The body. మైగిఱపు maigirrapu,To stretchout the members of the body, »s when first awake, మైపూత maiputa, s. vide అంగరాగము angaria gamu మైమఱపు maimarrapu, s. Armour ; mail.
మైకము maikamu, s. Intoxication. 2. Insensibility 3. Drowsiness.
మైకొను maikonu, p, a To agree ; to consent. మైకొల్పు maikolpu,^ Calls. To cause to agree, or consent.
మైజారు maijaru, s. That end of a Hindoo female's garment, which is thrown over the shoulder. 2. The ornamented border which runs across that end. ,
మైత్రి maitri,. s. Friendship.
మైదానము maidanamu, x. A plainer open field,
మైదు maidu-.s An enchanting powder, which allures the person on whom it is thrown, to follow the other who throws it.
మైనము mainamu, s. Bees ; wax. మైనపువత్తి mainapuvatti,s. A wax candie.
మైల maila, s. & adj. oide మయిల mayila.
మైలతుత్తము mailatuttamu, s. vide మయిలతుత్తము mayilatuttarnn.
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మ్ర

మ్ర
మ్రందు mrandu, To burn ; to consume, vide మండు mandu.
మ్రగ్గు mraggu, v. n. To decrease. 2. To become very soft, as applied to fruit. 3. To be overboiled, as applied to food.
మ్రబ్బు mrabbu, 5. vide మబ్బు mabbu
# Telugu-English Dictionary/మ్రా

మ్రా
మ్రాను mranu, s. viae మాను manu.
మ్రాన్పడు mranpadu, v. n. To remain motionless, like wood.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wheelock

Edition of 1879. See also Eleazar Wheelock and John Wheelock on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ WHEELOCK. I. Eleazar, an American clergyman, the founder and first president of Dartmouth college, born in Windham, Conn., April 22, 1711, died in Hanover, N. H., April 24, 1779. He graduated at Yale college in 1733, and from 1735 to 1770 was pastor of the second Congregational society in Lebanon, Conn. He established a missionary school there, called “Moor's Indian charity school,” out of which grew Dartmouth college. (See Dartmouth College, and Occom, Samson.) He removed to Hanover in 1770, and presided over his new college nine years. He published a “Narrative of the Indian School” in 1762, and several continuations of it up to 1773. He received the degree of D. D. from Edinburgh university in 1767. A memoir of him, with selections from his correspondence, appeared in 1811. II. John, second president of Dartmouth college, son of the preceding, born in Lebanon, Conn., Jan. 28, 1754, died April 4, 1817. He entered Yale college in 1767, but graduated with the first class at Dartmouth in 1771, and was a tutor there from 1772 to 1776. In 1775 he was elected to the colonial assembly, and in 1777 was appointed a major in the New York forces, and soon after lieutenant colonel in the continental army. In 1778 he commanded an expedition against the Indians, and soon after he was placed on Gen. Gates's staff. Though only 25 years old at the death of his father, he was chosen to succeed him as president of the college. In 1782 the trustees sent him to Europe to procure books, money, &c., for the institution, which were lost by shipwreck off Cape Cod. An ecclesiastical controversy among the trustees occasioned his removal in 1815. In 1817 a new board of trustees restored him to office, but he died a few weeks after. He bequeathed half his large estate to Princeton theological seminary. He published “Sketches of the History of Dartmouth College” (1816).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wheelwright, John

Edition of 1879. See also John Wheelwright on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ WHEELWRIGHT, John, an American clergyman, born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1594, died in Salisbury, N.. H., Nov. 15, 1679. He was a graduate of Cambridge, and for some years a clergyman of the established church at Alford, Lincolnshire; but in 1636, being displaced by Archbishop Laud, he emigrated to Boston, and was chosen pastor of a branch church, in what is now Braintree. The celebrated Mrs. Anne Hutchinson was his sister-in-law, and he partook of her views. Differences of opinion led to personal animosities between him and Mr. Wilson, the pastor of the Boston church; and the general court in its session of 1636-'7 appointed a fast, partly to heal these dissensions. On this occasion Mr. Wheelwright preached in Boston, and for his sermon the general court pronounced him guilty of sedition and contempt, and after some months' delay he was banished from the colony. In 1638 he formed a settlement on the banks of the Piscataqua, which he called Exeter. After five years Massachusetts claimed this town, and he removed with a part of his church to Wells in the district of Maine. In 1646 he was permitted to return to Massachusetts, and settled in Hampton. In 1654 he published his “Vindication.” He went to England in 1657, but returned in 1660, and settled as pastor in Salisbury in 1662. He published Mercurius Americanus (4to, London, 1645).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wheelwright, William

Edition of 1879. See also William Wheelwright on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ WHEELWRIGHT, William, an American capitalist, born in Newburyport, Mass., in 1798, died in London, Sept. 26, 1873. When 25 years old he commanded a trading vessel on the W. coast of South America, and in 1829 established a line of sailing passenger vessels between Valparaiso and Cobija. In 1835 he planned a line of steamers on the W. coast, which resulted in the foundation in 1838 of the Pacific steam navigation company, now (1876) running 54 steamers. In 1842 he suggested and afterward built a railway from Santiago to Valparaiso. In 1849-'52 he built the railway from the port of Caldera, which he created, to Copiapó, 50½ m., afterward extended to Tres Puntos. In 1855 he planned a railway from Caldera across the Andes to Rosario on the Paraná, 934 m. It was opened from Rosario to Cordoba in the Argentine Republic in 1870, and to Ensenada on the Atlantic in 1872. He also constructed the first telegraph line and the first gas and water works in South America. He was buried at Newburyport.—See La vida y los trabajos industriales de William Wheelwright en la America del Sud, by J. B. Alberdi (Paris, 1876).