# Persian Literature/Volume 1/The Sháh Námeh/Bahman

BAHMAN
Bahman, the grandson of Gushtásp, having at the commencement of his sovereignty obtained the approbation of his people, by the clemency of his conduct and the apparent generosity of his disposition, was not long in meditating vindictive measures against the family of Rustem. "Did not Kai-khosráu," said he to his warriors, "revenge himself on Afrásiyáb for the murder of Saiáwush; and have not all my glorious ancestors pursued a similar course? Why, then, should not I be revenged on the father of Rustem for the death of Isfendiyár?" The warriors, as usual, approved of the king's resolution, and in consequence one hundred thousand veteran troops were assembled for the immediate invasion of Sístán. When Bahman had arrived on the borders of the river Behermund, he sent a message to Zál, frankly declaring his purpose, and that he must sacrifice the lives of himself and all his family as an atonement for Rustem's guilt in shedding the blood of Isfendiyár.
Zál heard his menace with astonishment,  Mingled with anguish, and he thus replied:  "Rustem was not in fault; and thou canst tell,  For thou wert present, how he wept, and prayed  That he might not be bound. How frequently  He offered all his wealth, his gold, and gems,  To be excused that ignominious thrall;  And would have followed thy impatient father  To wait upon Gushtásp; but this was scorned;  Nothing but bonds would satisfy his pride;  All this thou know'st. Then did not I and Rustem  Strictly fulfil Isfendiyár's commands,  And most assiduously endow thy mind  With all the skill and virtues of a hero,  That might deserve some kindness in return?  Now take my house, my treasure, my possessions,  Take all; but spare my family and me."
 The messenger went back, and told the tale  Of Zál's deep grief with such persuasive grace,  And piteous accent, that the heart of Bahman  Softened at every word, and the old man  Was not to suffer. After that was known,  With gorgeous presents Zál went forth to meet
The monarch in his progress to the city;  And having prostrated himself in low  Humility, retired among the train  Attendant on the king. "Thou must not walk,"  Bahman exclaimed, well skilled in all the arts  Of smooth hypocrisy--"thou art too weak;  Remount thy horse, for thou requirest help."  But Zál declined the honour, and preferred  Doing that homage as illustrious Sám,  His conquering ancestor, had always done,  Barefoot, in presence of the royal race.
 Fast moving onwards, Bahman soon approached  Sístán, and entered Zál's superb abode;  Not as a friend, or a forgiving foe,  But with a spirit unappeased, unsoothed;  True, he had spared the old man's life, but there  His mercy stopped; all else was confiscate,  For every room was plundered, all the treasure  Seized and devoted to the tyrant's use.
After remorselessly obtaining this booty, Bahman inquired what had become of Ferámurz, and Zál pretended that, unaware of the king's approach, he had gone a-hunting. But this excuse was easily seen through, and the king was so indignant on the occasion, that he put Zál himself in fetters. Ferámurz had, in fact, secretly retired with the Zábul army to a convenient distance, for the purpose of acting as necessity might require, and when he heard that Zál was placed in confinement, he immediately marched against the invader and oppressor of his country. Both armies met, and closed, and were in desperate conflict three long days and nights. On the fourth day, a tremendous hurricane arose, which blew thick clouds of dust in the face of the Zábul army, and blinding them, impeded their progress, whilst the enemy were driven furiously forward by the strong wind at their backs. The consequence was the defeat of the Zábul troops. Ferámurz, with a few companions, however, kept his ground, though assailed by showers of arrows. He tried repeatedly to get face to face with Bahman, but every effort was fruitless, and he felt convinced that his career was now nearly at an end. He bravely defended himself, and aimed his arrows with great precision; but what is the use of art when Fortune is unfavorable? ​
When Fate's dark clouds portentous lower,  And quench the light of day,  No effort, none, of human power,  Can chase the gloom away.  Arrows may fly a countless shower,  Amidst the desperate fray;  But not to sword or arrow death is given,  Unless decreed by favouring Heaven
And it was so decreed that the exertions of Ferámurz should be unsuccessful. His horse fell, he was wounded severely, and whilst insensible, the enemy secured and conveyed him in fetters to Bahman, who immediately ordered him to be hanged. The king then directed all the people of Sístán to be put to the sword; upon which Bashútan said: "Alas! why should the innocent and unoffending people be thus made to perish? Hast thou no fear of God? Thou hast taken vengeance for thy father, by slaying Ferámurz, the son of Rustem. Is not that enough? Be merciful and beneficent now to the people, and thank Heaven for the great victory thou hast gained." Bahman was thus withdrawn from his wicked purpose, and was also induced to liberate Zál, whose age and infirmities had rendered him perfectly harmless. He not only did this, but restored to him the possession of Sístán; and divesting himself of all further revenge, returned to Persia. There he continued to exercise the functions of royalty, till one day he happened to be bitten by a snake, whose venom was so excruciating, that remedies were of no avail, and he died of the wound, in the eighth year of his reign. Although he had a son named Sassán, he did not appoint him his successor; but gave the crown and the throne to his wife, Húmaí, whom he had married a short time before his death, saying: "If Húmaí should have a son, that son shall be my successor; but if a daughter, Húmaí continue to reign."