OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Lawrence, Henry Montgomery

Edition of 1879. See also Henry Montgomery Lawrence and John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ LAWRENCE. I. Sir Henry Montgomery, a British soldier, born in Matura, Ceylon, June 28, 1806, died in Lucknow, July 4, 1857. He studied in the military college at Addiscombe, obtained a cadetship in the Bengal artillery in 1821, served in the Afghan campaign in 1843, and in the same year, having then reached the rank of major, was appointed British resident at Katmandu. He distinguished himself in the Sutlej campaigns, and from 1846 to 1849 was agent for the governor general on the N. W. frontier and resident at Lahore. He was next appointed chief of the board of administration in the Punjaub, and received the commission of colonel. From 1852 to 1857 he was agent of the governor general in Rajpootana. Although ill health demanded his return to England, he consented at the request of the Indian government to assume the chief commissionership of Oude, and arrived at Lucknow in March, just before the commencement of the mutiny. When the first disturbances occurred he demanded and obtained full powers as chief military commander in Oude, receiving at the same time a commission as brigadier general, and the memorable defence of the residency was made under his direction up to the time of his death. He was mortally wounded by a shell July 2, and died at the residency two days afterward. He was the author of “Adventures of an Officer in Runjeet Singh's Service,” and of various military and political essays, originally published in the “Calcutta Review,” which were collected and reprinted in London in 1859. His life has been written by Maj. Gen. Sir H. B. Edwardes and Herman Merivale (London, 1872). II. John Laird Mair, lord, brother of the preceding, born in Richmond, Yorkshire, March 4, 1811. He went to India in 1829 as a cadet in the Bengal civil service, passed through various subordinate stations, and was magistrate successively at Delhi, Paniput, and Goorgaon. About 1845 he was appointed judge, magistrate, and collector in the central district of Bengal, whence he was transferred in 1846 to the chief commissionership of the newly annexed provinces beyond the Sutlej. In 1852 he was appointed chief commissioner of the Punjaub. He was still at the head of affairs in that country when the mutiny broke out in 1857, and owing to his prompt and judicious measures the Punjaub was one of the few parts of Bengal in which the rebellion never succeeded. He was created a baronet Aug. 16, 1858. In the same year he returned home, where he was made a ​member of the privy council, and received from the court of directors a life pension of £2,000. At the end of 1863 he was appointed viceroy of India. He retired in 1868, and was created a baron, April 4, 1869. In 1870 he was elected a member of the London school board, and chosen chairman.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Lawrence (Kansas)

Edition of 1879. See also Lawrence, Kansas on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ LAWRENCE, a city and the capital of Douglas co., Kansas, on both banks of the Kansas river, here spanned by two bridges, 70 m. above its mouth, 25 m. E. by S. of Topeka, and 28 m. S. W. of Leavenworth; pop. in 1860, 1,645; in 1870, 8,320. It is built on a rolling slope, and is regularly laid out, with wide streets, partly shaded with trees, and lighted with gas. There are many handsome buildings. Massachusetts street, the principal business thoroughfare, is built up for two thirds of a mile with blocks of brick and stone. The state university, a large and handsome structure, is situated in the S. W. part of the city, upon a bluff called Mount Oread. Lawrence has an important trade, communicating with the surrounding fertile and well timbered country by means of the Kansas Pacific, the Leavenworth, Lawrence, and Galveston, the Lawrence and Southwestern, the Kansas Midland, and the St. Louis, Lawrence, and Denver railroads. The principal manufactories are a planing mill, a machine shop, 7 wagon and carriage factories, 2 agricultural implement factories, 3 grist mills, 2 elevators, 2 breweries, 4 packing houses, a tannery, a soap factory, a woollen factory, a pottery, 3 furniture factories, and 2 mineral water factories, all operated by steam or wind power. A substantial dam has been erected across the Kansas river at this point, capable of furnishing 1,500 horse power for manufacturing purposes. There are two national banks with a capital of $200,000, a state bank with $50,000, and a savings bank with $100,000. There are graded public schools, including a high school department, and attended by about 1,200 pupils, and a library association possessing 3,500 volumes. Three daily, two tri-weekly, and five weekly (one German) newspapers are published. There are 25 churches.—Lawrence was founded in 1854 by settlers from the eastern states under the auspices of the New England emigrant aid society, and became the headquarters of the anti-slavery settlers in the ensuing struggle with the advocates of slavery in Kansas. On Aug. 25, 1863, it was surprised by a band of about 350 confederate guerillas under Quantrell, who killed 145 of the inhabitants, and burned about 200 houses, comprising the greater part of the city.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles I. (Roumania)

Edition of 1879. See also Carol I of Romania on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHARLES I., prince of Roumania, born in Prussia, April 20, 1839. He is a son of Prince Anthony of Hohenzollern, and a brother of Prince Leopold, who was proposed for the Spanish throne in 1870, and belongs to a junior and mediatized branch of the Prussian royal family. He was educated in Dresden, entered the Prussian army in 1857, and served during the Schleswig-Holstein campaign in 1864. After Couza's downfall in 1866, and the refusal of the count of Flanders, brother of Leopold II. of Belgium, to become the ruler of Roumania, Prince Charles was elected in April to that position, with hereditary rights, by a plebiscite of the Roumanian people. He reached Bucharest on May 20, in disguise, in order to avoid complications with Austria, which, on the eve of war with Prussia, had protested against the elevation of a Prussian to the sovereignty of the Danubian principalities. He assumed the government on May 22, and was formally recognized on Oct. 24 by the sultan and by the other powers, who had guaranteed the treaties relating to the status of Roumania. Disgusted with the factious spirit of the opposition in the chambers, and insulting anti-Prussian manifestations during the Franco-German war, he declared in 1871 his readiness to resign, but was persuaded to desist from this determination.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles IX. (Sweden)

Edition of 1879. See also Charles IX of Sweden on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHARLES IX., king of Sweden, fourth son of Gustavus Vasa, born in 1550, died Oct. 30, 1611. Eric XIV., successor of Gustavus, excited the dislike of the people, and his brothers John and Charles united against him; he was deposed, and succeeded by John, who died in 1592. His legal successor was his son Sigismund, who had been elected king of Poland, being the son of a princess of the house of Jagiello. Sigismund being a Catholic, and bitterly hostile to Lutheranism, which had been introduced into Sweden by Gustavus Vasa, Charles, by the consent of the senate, assumed the government, and a decree was passed that Lutheranism should be the only religion of Sweden, and that Sigismund should not be recognized as king until he had signed the decree. This he did, and was crowned in 1593, but he became obnoxious on account of the favor which ​he manifested to Catholicism. There was also a party, led by Charles, opposed to a union of the crowns of Poland and Sweden. A war ensued. Sigismund was defeated, and resigned the crown of Sweden in favor of his young son Ladislas, who was sent to Sweden to be educated as a Protestant, under the eye of Charles, who was appointed regent. After a while Sigismund renewed his pretensions, and was opposed by Charles, to whom the crown of Sweden was offered. This he at first declined, and made propositions to Sigismund, which were rejected, and the war broke out afresh. At length the states again offered the crown to Charles, making the succession hereditary in his family. He accepted, and the coronation took place in 1604. Charles carried the war into Poland, but there had little success. He also became involved in hostilities with Russia, where his general, De la Gardie, gained important advantages. This alarmed Christian IV. of Denmark, who declared war against Sweden, and captured several strong places. Charles, in spite of his age and infirmities, challenged Christian to mortal combat, which was contemptuously declined. Charles died soon after, leaving the war with Denmark and Russia to his son Gustavus Adolphus. Charles IX. was a monarch of considerable ability, though harsh and cruel in character. He instituted a new code of laws, founded several cities, established the university of Gothenburg, and in other ways did much to promote education. He wrote a rhymed chronicle of Sweden, which is often quoted by historians. His letters to Henry IV. of France, the elector palatine, and the landgrave of Hesse, on the means of making peace with Sigismund III. of Poland, have been published in German (4to, Amsterdam, 1608).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles XIV. John

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​ CHARLES XIV. JOHN. See Bernadotte.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles I. (Würtemberg)

Edition of 1879. See also Charles I of Württemberg on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHARLES I. (Karl Friedrich Alexander), born March 6, 1823. He married July 13, 1846, the Russian grand duchess Olga, daughter of the emperor Nicholas, and a sister of the present czar. He succeeded to the throne ​June 25, 1864, on the death of his father William I. He sided with Austria in the German war of 1866, but after the battle of Sadowa concluded a secret military treaty with Prussia, and took part on her side in the Franco-German war of 1870-'71, joining the new German empire at the close of 1870.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles Mix

Edition of 1879. See also Charles Mix County, South Dakota on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
CHARLES MIX, a S. E. county of Dakota, having the Missouri river on its S. W. border; pop. in 1870, 152, of whom 117 were civilized Indians. The chief productions in 1870 were 8,810 bushels of Indian corn, and 1,315 of potatoes. The value of live stock was $22,250. Capital, Greenwood.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles River

Edition of 1879. See also Charles River on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
CHARLES RIVER, a stream rising in Worcester co., Mass., and flowing through Norfolk and Middlesex counties into Boston harbor. The towns on its banks are Hopkinton, Milford, Bellingham, Franklin, Medway, Medfield, Sherburne, Dover, Dedham, Needham, Natick, Newton, Waltham, Watertown, Brighton, and
Cambridge. It affords numerous sites for mills and factories, and is navigable to Watertown, 7 m. W. of Boston. The lower part of its course is the favorite training place of the boat clubs of Harvard university. It is now (1873) proposed to draw from the upper part of this river an additional supply of water for Boston.
# The Aborigines of Victoria/Volume 2

Pulpit Rock, Cape Schanck.
——o——
"A black rook rears its bosom o'er the spray, The haunt of birds, a desert to mankind. There shrilly to the passing oar is heard The startled echo of the ocean bird. Who rears on his bare breast her callow brood, The feather'd fishers of the solitude."
THE
ABORIGINES OF VICTORIA:
WITH
NOTES RELATING TO THE HABITS
OF THE
Natives of other Parts of Australia and Tasmania.
COMPILED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES FOR
THE GOVERNMENT OF VICTORIA
BY
R. BROUGH SMYTH,
F.L.S., F.G.S., ASSOC. INST. C.E., MEM. GEO. SOC. OF FRANCE, HON. CORR. MEM. SOC. OF ARTS AND SCIENCES OF UTRECHT, BOSTON SOC. OF NAT. HIST., ISIS SOC. OF DRESDEN, ETC., ETC., ETC.
VOL. II.
CONTENTS-VOL. II.
| | PAGE |
| List of Illustrations | v |
| Language.—Onomatopœia.—Words formed after the advent of the whites.—Sign-language.—Sanscrit roots.— Words resembling English.— Languages named after the negative.—Tables illustrative of the languages spoken by the natives of Victoria.—Pronouns.—Numeral adjectives.—Comparison of the language spoken in Victoria with the dialects of Moreton Bay, Dippil, Kamilaroi, Bulloo Creek, Lake Macquarie, Cornu tribe, Adelaide, Port Lincoln, Croker Island, Adelaide River, King George's Sound, Swan River, &c.—Sameness of personal pronouns.—Numerals.—Interjections, cries, terms of abuse, &c.—Language of the natives of Lake Tyers in Gippsland—Lake Wellington, Gippsland—Brabrolong, Gippsland—Lake Hindmarsh—Western district.—Lists of words compiled by the Local Guardians of Aborigines.—Inflections.— Vocabularies.—Yarra Yarra and other tribes.—Native names of trees, shrubs, plants, &c.—Native names of localities and natural features in Victoria | 1 |
| Appendices.—A. Notes and Anecdotes of the Aborigines of Australia, by Philip Chauncy, J.P., District Surveyor at Ballarat | 221 |
| B. Traditions of the Australian Aborigines on the Namoi, Barwan, and other Tributaries of the Darling, communicated by the Rev. William Ridley, M.A., &c. | 285 |
| C. Notes on the Natives of Australia, by Albert A. C. Le Souëf | 289 |
| D. Notes on the Aborigines of Cooper's Creek, by Alfred W. Howitt, F.G.S., P.M. and Warden, Bairnsdale | 300 |
| E. Notes relating to the Aborigines of Australia, by the late John Moore Davis | 310 |
| F. Notes on the System of Consanguinity and Kinship of the Brabrolong Tribe, North Gippsland, by A. W. Howitt, F.G.S., P.M. and Warden, Bairnsdale | 323 |
| G. Notes on the Language and Customs of the Tribe inhabiting the country known as Kotoopna, by William Locke | 333 |
| H. Hunting the Blacks, by the late A. F. A. Greeves | 336 |
| I. The Crania of the Natives, by Professor Halford, of the Melbourne University | 340 |
| The Aborigines of Tasmania.—Physical character.—Mental characteristics.—Numbers.—Birth, &c.—Marriage.—Death and burial.—Encampments, &c.—Food.—Diseases.—Dress and ornaments.—Weapons.—Implements.—Canoes.—Stone implements.—Fire.—Language | 379 |
| Index | 435 |
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Nations, Law of

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​NATIONS, Law of. See Law of Nations.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Natron

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​NATRON. See Soda.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Natchitoches (parish)

Edition of 1879. See also Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NATCHITOCHES, a N. W. parish of Louisiana, intersected by Red river and bounded E. by a branch, Saline bayou; area, 2,260 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 18,265, of whom 10,929 were colored. It has a level surface and fertile soil, especially near the rivers. The chief productions in 1870 were 231,746 bushels of Indian corn, 12,356 of sweet potatoes, 15,671 bales of cotton, and 3,189 lbs. of wool. There were 2,949 horses, 1,845 mules and asses, 3,527 milch cows, 1,644 working oxen, 8,952 other cattle, 5,442 sheep, and 10,244 swine. Capital, Natchitoches (pop. in 1870, 1,401), a shipping point on Red river, about 500 m. by water N. W. of New Orleans.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Nebraska City

Edition of 1879. See also Nebraska City, Nebraska on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
NEBRASKA CITY, a city and the capital of Otoe co., Nebraska, on the Missouri river, at the terminus of the Midland Pacific railroad, 35 m. S. of Omaha, and 45 m. E. by S. of Lincoln; pop. in 1860, 1,922; in 1870, 6,050. The Kansas City, St. Joseph, and Council Bluffs railroad runs along the opposite bank. The city is handsomely situated on rising ground, and is surrounded by a fine agricultural country. It has a beautiful brick court house, an opera house, gas works, two national banks, a private bank, an elevator, flouring mills, a distillery, two plough manufactories, four large public schools, a public library, two daily and four weekly (one German) newspapers, a Catholic convent, and 13 churches. It is the seat of Nebraska college, an Episcopal institution, which was organized in 1865, and has theological, collegiate, and preparatory or business departments. In 1874-'5 it had 10 professors and instructors, 88 students (most of whom were in the business department), and a library of 1,500 volumes. Nebraska City was founded in 1855.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Natchitoches (tribe)

Edition of 1879. See also Natchitoches people on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NATCHITOCHES, a tribe of American Indians, allied to the Caddoes, and formerly residing on Red river, Louisiana, with a fortified town on an island. The Washitas and Capichis were united with them. They worshipped the sun, had a temple with perpetual fire, and made salt at a neighboring lake, which they traded to other tribes for grain and skins. They were always friendly to the French, who planted a fort near them. This led to an attack on them by the fugitive Natchez in 1731. They gradually united with the Caddoes, forming a band of that tribe.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Natick

Edition of 1879. See also Natick, Massachusetts on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NATICK, a town of Middlesex co., Massachusetts, on the Boston and Albany railroad, at the junction of the Saxonville branch, 17 m. W. by S. of Boston; pop. in 1870, 6,404. Charles river flows through the S. E. portion, and Cochituate lake, which supplies Boston with water, is partly within the town. Farming is carried on to some extent, but the principal business is the manufacture of boots and shoes, for which there are 15 or 20 establishments. There are also a hat factory and a base-ball manufactory. The town has a national bank, a savings bank, water and gas works, a fine public library and library building, a high school, a weekly newspaper, and eight churches. Natick was incorporated in 1781. The first Indian church in New England was erected here in 1660, on the site now occupied by the Unitarian church. John Eliot preached here, and in the cemetery is a monument to his memory.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Natural Bridge

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​NATURAL BRIDGE. See Bridge, Natural.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/Many workmen

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
Many workmen Built a huge ball of masonry Upon a mountain-top. Then they went to the valley below, And turned to behold their work. "It is grand," they said; They loved the thing.
Of a sudden, it moved: It came upon them swiftly; It crushed them all to blood. But some had opportunity to squeal.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/If there is a witness to my little life,

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
If there is a witness to my little life, To my tiny throes and struggles, He sees a fool; And it is not fine for gods to menace fools.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/In a lonely place,

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
In a lonely place, I encountered a sage Who sat, all still, Regarding a newspaper. He accosted me: "Sir, what is this?" Then I saw that I was greater, Aye, greater than this sage. I answered him at once, "Old, old man, it is the wisdom of the age." The sage looked upon me with admiration.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/Mystic shadow, bending near me,

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
Mystic shadow, bending near me, Who art thou? Whence come ye? And -- tell me -- is it fair Or is the truth bitter as eaten fire?
Tell me! Fear not that I should quaver. For I dare -- I dare. Then, tell me!
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/On the horizon the peaks assembled

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
On the horizon the peaks assembled; And as I looked, The march of the mountains began. As they marched, they sang, "Aye! We come! We come!"
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/Once, I knew a fine song

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
Once, I knew a fine song, -- It is true, believe me -- It was all of birds, And I held them in a basket; When I opened the wicket, Heavens! They all flew away. I cried, "Come back, little thoughts!" But they only laughed. They flew on Until they were as sand Thrown between me and the sky.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/In heaven

This poem was first published in 1895 and later published in 1900 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
In heaven, Some little blades of grass Stood before God. "What did you do?" Then all save one of the little blades Began eagerly to relate The merits of their lives. This one stayed a small way behind, Ashamed. Presently, God said, "And what did you do?" The little blade answered, "Oh my Lord, Memory is bitter to me, For, if I did good deeds, I know not of them." Then God, in all His splendor, Arose from His throne. "Oh, best little blade of grass!" He said.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/In the Desert

In the desert I saw a creature, naked, bestial, Who, squatting upon the ground, Held his heart in his hands, And ate of it. I said: "Is it good, friend?" "It is bitter-bitter," he answered;
"But I like it Because it is bitter, And because it is my heart."
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/Love walked alone

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
Love walked alone. The rocks cut her tender feet, And the brambles tore her fair limbs. There came a companion to her, But, alas, he was no help, For his name was heart's pain.
# The Black Riders & Other Lines/Many red devils ran from my heart

This poem was published in 1905 in the volume The Black Rider & Other Lines.
Many red devils ran from my heart And out upon the page, They were so tiny The pen could mash them. And many struggled in the ink. It was strange To write in this red muck Of things from my heart.