# Book Introduction - Isaiah

Read first chapter of Isaiah Isaiah is justly accounted the chief of the writing prophets. He has the more comprehensive testimony and is distinctively the prophet of redemption. Nowhere else in the Scriptures written under the law have we so clear a view of grace. The New Testament Church does not appear (Eph 3:3-10), but Messiah in His Person and sufferings, and the blessing of the Gentiles through Him, are in full vision. Apart from his testimony to his own time, which includes warnings of coming judgments upon the great nations of that day, the predictive messages of Isaiah cover seven great themes:
* Israel in exile and divine judgment upon Israel's oppressors.
* The return from Babylon.
* The manifestation of Messiah in humiliation (e.g. Chap. 53).
* The blessing of the Gentiles.
* The manifestation of Messiah in judgment ("the day of vengeance of our God").
* The reign of David's righteous Branch in the kingdom-age.
* The new heavens and the new earth.
Isaiah is in two chief divisions:
* Looking toward the captivities, 1:1-39:8. Key verses, 1:1,2.
* Looking beyond the captivities, 40:1-66:24. Key verses, 40:1,2.
These chief divisions fall into subdivisions, as indicated in the text. The events recorded in Isaiah cover a period of 62 years (Ussher).

# CHAPTER 1
## Verse 2

Hear, O heavens The chapter, down to verse 23, states the case of Jehovah against Judah. Chastening, according to Deut. 28., 29., had been visited upon Israel in the land (vs. 5-8), and now the time of expulsion from the land is near. But just here Jehovah renews the promise of the Palestinian Covenant of future restoration and exaltation Isaiah 1:26,27; 2:1-4.

## Verse 9

remnant Remnant. See, Isaiah 10:20; Romans 11:5 (See Scofield "Romans 11:5")

## Verse 13

Bring no more (See Scofield "2 Corinthians 8:1") Is 1:11-17.

## Verse 26

thy judges Under the kingdom the ancient method of administering the theocratic government over Israel is to be restored. Cf. Judges 2:18; Matthew 19:28.

# CHAPTER 2
## Verse 2

that the mountain A mountain, in Scripture symbolism, means a kingdom Daniel 2:35; Revelation 13:1; 17:9-11.

## Verse 12

Day of the Lord (Day of Jehovah) vs. Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21; Isaiah 63:1-6; 66:15-24; Jeremiah 25:29-33; 46:10; Ezekiel 30:3; Revelation 19:11-21 \=CHAPTER 4=

## Verse 2

branch A name of Christ, used in fourfold way:
* (1) "The Branch of Jehovah" (Isaiah 4:2), that is, the "Immanuel" character of Christ Isaiah 7:14 to be fully manifested to restored and converted Israel after His return in divine glory Matthew 25:31.
* (2) the "Branch of David" Isaiah 11:1; Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15 that is, the Messiah, "of the seed of David according to the flesh" Romans 1:3 revealed in His earthly glory as King of kings, and Lord of lords;
* (3) Jehovah's "Servant, the Branch" Zechariah 3:8 Messiah's humiliation and obedience unto death according to ; Isaiah 52:13-15; 53:1-12; Philippians 2:5-8.
* (4) the "man whose name is the Branch" Zechariah 6:12,13 that is His character as Son of man, the "last Adam," the "second Man" 1 Corinthians 15:45-47 reigning, as Priest-King, over the earth in the dominion given to and lost by the first Adam. Matthew is the Gospel of the "Branch of David"; Mark of "Jehovah's Servant, the Branch"; Luke of "the man whose name is the Branch"; John of "the Branch of Jehovah."

# CHAPTER 5
## Verse 14

hell Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5").

# CHAPTER 6
## Verse 2

seraphims Heb. Burners. The word occurs only here. (See Scofield "Ezekiel 1:5"). The Seraphim are, in many respects, in contrast with the Cherubim, though both are expressive of the divine holiness, which demands that the sinner shall have access to divine presence only through a sacrifice which really vindicates the righteousness of God. (See Scofield "Romans 3:24") See Scofield "Romans 3:25" See Scofield "Romans 3:26" and that the saint shall be cleansed before serving. Genesis 3:22-24 illustrates the first; Isaiah 6:1-8 the second. The Cherubim may be said to have to do with the altar, the Seraphim with the laver. See Scofield "Psalms 51:7" See Scofield "John 13:10". The Seraphim appear to be actual angelic beings.

## Verse 13

tenth See "Remnant," (See Scofield "Romans 11:5"). return (See Scofield "Isaiah 8:18")

# CHAPTER 7
## Verse 1

tenth See "Remnant," (See Scofield "Romans 11:5"). return (See Scofield "Isaiah 8:18")

## Verse 2

Ephraim In the prophetic books "Ephraim" and "Israel" are the collective names of the ten tribes who, under Jeroboam, established the northern kingdom, subsequently called Samaria 1 Kings 16:24 and were (B.C. 722) sent into an exile which still continues. 2 Kings 17:1-6. They are distinguished as "the outcasts of Israel" from "the dispersed of Judah." Isaiah 11:12. "Hidden" in the world Matthew 13:44 they, with Judah, are yet to be restored to Palestine and made one nation again. ; Jeremiah 23:5-8; Ezekiel 37:11-24.

## Verse 3

Shearjashub Meaning, a remnant shall return. Isaiah 8:3.

## Verse 13

Hear ye now The prophecy is not addressed to the faithless Ahaz, but to the whole "house of David." The objection that such a far-off event as the birth of Christ could be no "sign" to Ahaz, is, therefore, puerile. It was a continuing prophecy addressed to the Davidic family, and accounts at once for the instant assent of Mary. Luke 1:38.

## Verse 15

Butter and honey Indicating the plainness and simplicity of the life in which the young Immanuel should be brought up.

# CHAPTER 8
## Verse 12

confederacy The reference is to the attempt to terrify Judah by the confederacy between Syria and Samaria. Isaiah 7:1,2.

## Verse 18

signs The primary application here is to the two sons of Isaiah, Maher-shalal-hash-baz= "haste ye, haste ye to the spoil," a "sign" of the coming judgment of the captivity of Judah; Shear-jashub= "a remnant shall return," a "sign" of the return of a remnant of Judah at the end of the seventy years, Jeremiah 25:11,12; Daniel 9:2. The larger and final reference is to our Lord Hebrews 2:13,14.

# CHAPTER 9
## Verse 3

not Omit, not. Isaiah complains that despite the wickedness of the northern kingdom her afflictions are light, her prosperity great.

## Verse 7

throne of David The "throne of David" is a phrase as definite, historic, historically, as "throne of the Caesars," and as little admits of "spiritualizing." Luke 1:32,33. See "Kingdom (O.T.). (See Scofield "Zechariah 12:8"). "Davidic Covenant," See Scofield "2 Samuel 7:16", Acts 15:14-16.

## Verse 8

Jacob (See Scofield "Genesis 32:28").

## Verse 12

For all this his anger See Isaiah 9:17,21; 5:25; 10:4 The context explains. Jehovah's hand is outstretched still because His chastisement is followed by no amendment on the part of Israel.

# CHAPTER 10
## Verse 12

that when A permanent method in the divine government of the earth. Israel is always the centre of the divine counsels earthward Deuteronomy 32:8. The Gentile nations are permitted to afflict Israel in chastisement for her national sins, but invariably and inevitably retribution falls upon them. See ; Genesis 15:13,14; Deuteronomy 30:5-7; Isaiah 14:1,2; Joel 3:1-8; Micah 5:7-9; Matthew 25:31-40.

## Verse 20

that day "That day": often the equivalent of "the day of the Lord" Isaiah 2:10-22; Revelation 19:11-21. The prophecy here passes from the general to the particular, from historic and fulfilled judgments upon Assyria to the final destruction of all Gentile world-power at the return of the Lord in glory. (See "Armageddon," ; Revelation 16:14; 19:21 "Times of the Gentiles," ; Luke 21:24; Revelation 16:19, "The great tribulation," ; Psalms 2:5; Revelation 7:14, and (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:19")

# CHAPTER 11
## Verse 1

The Davidic kingdom The order of events in Isa. 10., 11., is noteworthy. Isa. 10. gives the distress of the Remnant in Palestine in the great tribulation. Psalms 2:5; Revelation 7:14 and the approach and destruction of the Gentile host under the Beast. ; Daniel 7:8; Revelation 19:20. Is. 11. immediately follows with its glorious picture of the kingdom-age. Precisely the same order is found in Re 19., 20. (See "Kingdom," O.T., ; Genesis 1:26-28; Zechariah 12:8 N.T. ; Luke 1:31-33; 1 Corinthians 15:28. Also (See Scofield "Matthew 3:2") See Scofield "Matthew 6:33". That nothing of this occurred at the first coming of Christ is evident from a comparison of the history of the times of Christ with this and all the other parallel prophecies. So far from regathering dispersed Israel and establishing peace in the earth, His crucifixion was soon followed (A.D. 70) by the destruction of Jerusalem, and the utter scattering of the Palestinian Jews amongst the nations. shall come forth a rod This chapter is a prophetic picture of the glory of the future kingdom. This is the kingdom announced by John Baptist as "at hand." It was then rejected, but will be set up when David's Son returns in glory Luke 1:31,32; Acts 15:15,16. Branch (See Scofield "Isaiah 4:2")

## Verse 2

fear (See Scofield "Psalms 19:9")

## Verse 9

for the earth (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:14")

## Verse 10

an ensign (Day of Jehovah) vs. Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21 63:1-6; 66:15-24; Revelation 19:11-21.

# CHAPTER 12
## Verse 2

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

# CHAPTER 13
## Verse 1

burden A "burden," Heb. massa= a heavy, weighty thing, is a message, or oracle concerning Babylon, Assyria, Jerusalem, etc. It is "heavy" because the wrath of God is in it, and grievous for the prophet to declare. Babylon The city, Babylon is not in view here, as the immediate context shows. It is important to note the significance of the name when used symbolically. "Babylon" is the Greek form: invariably in the O.T. Hebrew the word is simply Babel, the meaning of which is confusion, and in this sense the word is used symbolically.
* (1) In the prophets, when the actual city is not meant, the reference is to the "confusion" into which the whole social order of the world has fallen under Gentile world-domination. (See "Times of the Gentiles," Luke 21:24; Revelation 16:14; Isaiah 13:4 gives the divine view of the welter of warring Gentile powers. The divine order is given in Isa. 11. Israel in her own land, the centre of the divine government of the world and channel of the divine blessing; and the Gentiles blessed in association with Israel. Anything else is, politically, mere "babel."
* (2) In Revelation 14:8-11; 16:19 the Gentile world-system is in view in connection with Armageddon ; Revelation 16:14; 19:21 while in Re 17. the reference is to apostate Christianity, destroyed by the nations Revelation 17:16 headed up under the Beast ; Daniel 7:8; Revelation 19:20 and false prophet. In Isaiah the political Babylon is in view, literally as to the then existing city, and symbolically as to the times of the Gentiles. In the Revelation both the symbolical- political and symbolical-religious Babylon are in view, for there both are alike under the tyranny of the Beast. Religious Babylon is destroyed by political Babylon Revelation 17:16 political Babylon by the appearing of the Lord Revelation 19:19-21. That Babylon the city is not to be rebuilt is clear from ; Isaiah 13:19-22; Jeremiah 51:24-26,62-64. By political Babylon is meant the Gentile world-system. (See "World," ; John 7:7; Revelation 13:8) It may be added that, in Scripture symbolism, Egypt stands for the world as such; Babylon for the world of corrupt power and corrupted religion; Nineveh for the pride, the haughty glory of the world.

## Verse 9

Day of the Lord (Day of Jehovah) vs. Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21; Isaiah 63:1-6; 66:15-24; Revelation 19:11-21.

## Verse 19

And Babylon Verses 12-16 look forward to the apocalyptic judgments (Re 6.-13.). Verses 17-22 have a near and far view. They predict the destruction of the literal Babylon then existing; with the further statement that, once destroyed, Babylon should never be rebuilt (cf) Jeremiah 51:61-64. All of this has been literally fulfilled. But the place of this prediction in a great prophetic strain looks forward to the destruction of both politico-Babylon and ecclesio- Babylon in the time of the Beast shows that the destruction of the actual Babylon typifies the greater destruction yet to come upon the mystical Babylons. Cf. (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1"). Babylon See note 2; (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

# CHAPTER 14
## Verse 9

hell Heb. "Sheol," Also; 15 (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5")

## Verse 11

grave Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5")

## Verse 12

son of the morning Verses 12-14 evidently refer to Satan, who, as prince of this world-system (see "World," John 7:7 (See Scofield "Revelation 13:8") is the real unseen ruler of the successive world- powers. Tyre, Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece, Rome, etc. (see Ezekiel 28:12-14 Lucifer, "day-star," can be none other that Satan. This tremendous passage marks the beginning of sin in the universe. When Lucifer said, "I will," sin began. See Scofield "Revelation 20:10". See other instances of addressing Satan through another, Genesis 3:15; Matthew 16:22,23.

## Verse 15

hell Heb. "Sheol," Also; Is 14:9 (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5").

## Verse 22

Babylon See note 2; (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

## Verse 26

whole earth This universality is significant and marks the whole passage as referring, not merely to a near judgment upon Assyria, but in a yet larger sense to the final crash of the present world-system at the end of the age. (See "Times of the Gentiles," Luke 21:24; Revelation 16:14; Daniel 2:44,45 "Armageddon," ; Revelation 16:14; 19:17. No other such universal catastrophe on the nations is known to Scripture.

## Verse 28

burden See note 1; (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

## Verse 29

come forth The descendants of Ahaz.

## Verse 32

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

# CHAPTER 15
## Verse 1

Moab This "burden" had a precursive fulfilment in Sennacherib's invasion, B.C. 704, three years after the prediction Isaiah 16:14 but the words have a breadth of meaning which includes also the final world-battle. ( (See Scofield "Revelation 19:17") , Isaiah 16:1-5 which is a continuation of this "burden," shows the "tabernacle of David" set up, the next event in order after the destruction of the Beast and his armies. Cf. the order in ; Isaiah 10:28-34; 11:1-10 ; Acts 15:14-17; Revelation 19:17-21; 20:1-4. burden See note 1; (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

# CHAPTER 16
## Verse 1

Sela Or, Petra: Heb. a rock.

## Verse 5

tabernacle of David (See Scofield "Acts 15:16")

# CHAPTER 17
## Verse 1

burden of Damascus As in the burden of Moab, there was doubtless a near fulfilment in Sennacherib's approaching invasion, but Is 17:12-14 as evidently look forward to the final invasion and battle. ("Armageddon," Revelation 16:14 (See Scofield "Revelation 19:17") ) Cf. Isaiah 10:26-34.

# CHAPTER 18
## Verse 2

That sendeth ambassadors The local reference is evidently to an embassy from Egypt, resulting in the alliance denounced in Is. 30., 31., Jeremiah 37:7-11.

# CHAPTER 19
## Verse 1

burden (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1")

# CHAPTER 21
## Verse 1

burden (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1")

## Verse 11

burden (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1")

## Verse 13

burden (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1")

# CHAPTER 22
## Verse 1

burden See note 1, (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

## Verse 15

Shebna Is 22:15-19. A foreigner and court favourite displaced as treasurer by Eliakim. ; Isaiah 36:3; 37:2.

## Verse 22

open Here the prophecy looks forward to Christ. Revelation 3:7.

# CHAPTER 23
## Verse 1

burden See note 1; (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1").

# CHAPTER 24
## Verse 1

maketh (See Scofield "Genesis 1:2") See Scofield "Is 4:23"

## Verse 21

in that day (Day of Jehovah) Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21 63:1-6; 66:15-24. Revelation 19:11-21.

# CHAPTER 26
## Verse 3

trusteth (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

## Verse 19

thy dead men Eliminate the supplied words, men, and, together with. "Body" is in the plural, "bodies." Isaiah 26:19-21 with chapter 27., constitute Jehovah's answer to the plaint of Israel, Isaiah 26:11-18. Verse 19 should read: "Thy dead shall live: my dead bodies shall rise" (i.e. the dead bodies of Jehovah's people). The restoration and re-establishment of Israel as a nation is also spoken of as a resurrection Ezekiel 37:1-11 and many hold that no more than this is meant in Isaiah 26:19. But since the first resurrection is unto participation in the kingdom Revelation 20:4-6 it seems the better view that both meanings are here.

# CHAPTER 28
## Verse 1

Ephraim (See Scofield "Isaiah 7:2")

## Verse 15

hell Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5")

## Verse 18

hell Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5").

# CHAPTER 29
## Verse 1

Ariel "Lion of God" = Jerusalem.

## Verse 3

And I will camp Here, as often in prophecy, and especially in Isaiah, the near and far horizons blend. The near view is of Sennacherib's invasion and the destruction of the Assyrian host by the angel of the Lord (Isa. 36., 37.); the far view is that of the final gathering of the Gentile hosts against Jerusalem at the end of the great tribulation Psalms 2:5; Revelation 7:14 when a still greater deliverance will be wrought. (See "Times of the Gentiles," ; Luke 21:24; Revelation 16:14. The same remark applies also to Isaiah 28:14-18 where there is a near reference to the Egyptian alliance ("we have made a covenant," etc.), while the reference to the stone Isaiah 29:16 carries the meaning forward to the end-time, and the covenant of unbelieving Israel with the Beast. Daniel 9:27.

## Verse 22

redeemed (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20") See Scofield "Exodus 14:30".

# CHAPTER 30
## Verse 3

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12").

## Verse 6

burden (See Scofield "Isaiah 13:1")

## Verse 12

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

## Verse 27

Behold The imagery of Isaiah 30:27,28 is cumulative. Judah is making an alliance with Egypt when she might be in league with Him whose judgment upon the world-powers will be like a terrible thunder-tempest (v.27), turning streams into torrents neck-deep (v. 28, f.c.); who will sift the nations in their own sieve of vanity (or "destruction"), and put His bridle into the jaws of the peoples.

## Verse 33

Tophet See Jeremiah 7:31; 19:6; 2 Kings 23:10 Historically a place in the valley of Hinnom where human sacrifices were offered. The word means "place of fire." The symbolic reference is to the lake of fire and the doom of the Beast. Revelation 19:20.

# CHAPTER 31
## Verse 1

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

# CHAPTER 32
## Verse 1

king (See Scofield "Isaiah 29:3"). In chapters 32.-35. the same blended meanings of near and far fulfilments are found. The near view is still of Sennacherib's invasion, the far view of the day of the Lord. Isaiah 2:10-22; Revelation 19:11-21 and the kingdom blessing to follow.

# CHAPTER 33
## Verse 6

fear (See Scofield "Psalms 19:9")

# CHAPTER 34
## Verse 5

Idumea See; Isaiah 34:1-8, (See Scofield "Genesis 36:1")

# CHAPTER 35
## Verse 9

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

# CHAPTER 36
## Verse 5

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

# CHAPTER 37
## Verse 10

trustest (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

## Verse 36

angel (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4")

# CHAPTER 38
## Verse 10

grave Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5")

## Verse 18

grave Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5") death (See Scofield "Ecclesiastes 9:10")

# CHAPTER 40
## Verse 1

Comfort The first two verses of Isa. 40. give the key-note of the second part of the prophecy of Isaiah. The great theme of this section is Jesus Christ in His sufferings, and the glory that shall follow in the Davidic kingdom. (See "Christ in O.T.," sufferings,) Genesis 4:4; Hebrews 10:18 glory, ; 2 Samuel 7:8-15; Zechariah 12:8 Since Israel is to be regathered, converted, and made the centre of the new social order when the kingdom is set up, this part of Isaiah appropriately contains glowing prophecies concerning these events. The full view of the redemptive sufferings of Christ (e.g. Isa. 53) leads to the evangelic strain so prominent in this part of Isaiah. (e.g. Isa 44:22-23, 55:1-3). The change in style, about which so much has been said, is no more remarkable than the change of theme. A prophet who was also a patriot would not write of the sins and coming captivity of his people in the same exultant and joyous style which he would use to describe their redemption, blessing, and power. In John 12:37-44 quotations from Isa. 53. and 6. are both ascribed to Isaiah.

## Verse 22

circle A remarkable reference to the sphericity of the earth. See, also, Isaiah 42:5; 44:24; 51:13; Job 9:8; Psalms 104:2; Jeremiah 10:12.

# CHAPTER 41
## Verse 2

the righteous man from the east The reference here seems to be to Cyrus, whose victories and rapid growth in power are here ascribed to the providence of God. Isaiah 41:5-7 describe the effect upon the nations of the rise of the Persian power. They heartened each other, and made (Is 41:7) new idols. At verse 8 the prophet addresses Israel. Since it was their God who raised up Cyrus, they should expect good, not evil, from him (Isaiah 41:8-20). Isaiah 41:21-24 form a contemptuous challenge to the idols in whom the nations are trusting.

## Verse 8

servant Three servants of Jehovah are mentioned in Isaiah:
* (1) David Isaiah 37:35
* (2) Israel the nation Isaiah 41:8-16; 43:1-10 ; 44:1-8,21; 45:4; 48:20
* (3) Messiah Isaiah 42:1-12, Is 49., entire chapter, but note especially Isaiah 49:5-7, where the Servant Christ restores the servant nation; Isaiah 50:4-6; 52:13-15 53:1-12. Israel the nation was a faithless servant, but restored and converted will yet thresh mountains. Against the Servant Christ no charge of unfaithfulness or failure is brought. (See Scofield "Isaiah 42:1").

## Verse 14

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

# CHAPTER 42
## Verse 1

servant There is a twofold account of the Coming Servant:
* (1) he is represented as weak, despised, rejected, slain:
* (2) and also as a mighty conqueror, taking vengeance on the nations and restoring Israel (e.g. Isaiah 40:10; 63:1-4). The former class of passages relate to the first advent, and are fulfilled; the latter to the second advent, and are unfulfilled.

## Verse 6

for a light of the Gentiles The prophets connect the Gentiles with Christ in a threefold way"
* (1) as the Light He brings salvation to the Gentiles Luke 2:32; Acts 13:47,48
* (2) as the "Root of Jesse" He is to reign over the Gentiles in His kingdom. Isaiah 11:10; Romans 15:12. He saves the Gentiles, which is the distinctive feature of this present age. ; Romans 11:17-24; Ephesians 2:11,12 He reigns over the Gentiles in the kingdom-age, to follow this. See "Kingdom (O.T.)," ; Genesis 1:26-28; Zechariah 12:8.
* (3) Believing Gentiles in the present age, together with believing Jews, constitute "the church which is His body." (See Scofield "Ephesians 3:6")

## Verse 9

former things i.e. Isaiah's prediction of Sennacherib's invasion and its results, Isa. 10 and 37. See also, Isaiah 41:21-23; 43:8-1244:7; 48:3,5,16. This appeal of the prophet to the fulfilment of his former predictions strongly confirms the unity of the book.

# CHAPTER 43
## Verse 1

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

# CHAPTER 44
## Verse 2

Jesurun i.e. upright. Symbolical name of Israel. Deuteronomy 32:15; 33:5,26

## Verse 6

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 22

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 23

redeemed Heb. goel, Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

## Verse 28

Cyrus Cf. 1 Kings 13:2 where Josiah was mentioned by name three hundred years before his birth.

# CHAPTER 45
## Verse 1

anointed The only instance where the word is applied to a Gentile. Nebuchadnezzar is called the "servant" of Jehovah Jeremiah 25:9; 27:6; 43:10 This, with the designation "My shepherd" Isaiah 44:28 also a Messianic title, marks Cyrus as that startling exception, a Gentile type of Christ. The points are:
* (1) both are irresistible conquerors of Israel's enemies. Isaiah 45:1; Revelation 19:19-21
* (2) both are restorers of the holy city Isaiah 44:28; Zechariah 14:1-11
* (3) through both is the name of the one true God glorified Isaiah 45:6; 1 Corinthians 15:28.

## Verse 7

create evil Heb. "ra" translated "sorrow," "wretchedness," "adversity," "afflictions," "calamities," but never translated sin. God created evil only in the sense that He made sorrow, wretchedness, etc., to be the sure fruits of sin.

# CHAPTER 47
## Verse 4

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 10

trusted (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12")

# CHAPTER 48
## Verse 17

redeemer Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 20

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

# CHAPTER 49
## Verse 6

Gentiles (See Scofield "Isaiah 42:6")

## Verse 7

the redeemer Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

## Verse 8

Verse Heading: Israel to preserved and restored The Lord Jesus and the believing remnant of Israel are here joined. What is said is true of both.

## Verse 12

Sinim The word is supposed to refer to a people of the far East, perhaps the Chinese.

## Verse 26

redeemer Heb. goel, Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

# CHAPTER 50
## Verse 1

redeemer Heb. goel, Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 2

redeem (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20") See Scofield "Exodus 14:30".

## Verse 10

feareth (See Scofield "Psalms 19:9").

# CHAPTER 51
## Verse 9

Art thou not The ref. is to Egypt Isaiah 30:7 at the Exodus:

## Verse 10

ransomed Heb. "goel,: Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

# CHAPTER 52
## Verse 3

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 12

For ye shall Contra. Exodus 12:33,39.

## Verse 14

so marred The literal rendering is terrible: "So marred from the form of man was His aspect that His appearance was not that of a son of man"--i.e. not human--the effect of the brutalities described in Matthew 26:67,68; 27:27-30.

# CHAPTER 54
## Verse 1

travail (See Scofield "Micah 5:1").

## Verse 5

husband Wife (of Jehovah). Jeremiah 31:32; Isaiah 54:5; Hosea 2:1-23

# CHAPTER 57
## Verse 9

hell Heb. "Sheol," (See Scofield "Habakkuk 2:5")

## Verse 13

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12").

# CHAPTER 59
## Verse 4

trust (See Scofield "Psalms 2:12").

## Verse 19

fear (See Scofield "Psalms 19:9").

## Verse 20

Redeemer Redemption: Kinsman type, summary. The goel, or Kinsman-Redeemer, is a beautiful type of Christ.
* (1) The kinsman redemption was of persons, and an inheritance Leviticus 25:48; 25:25; Galatians 4:5; Ephesians 1:7,11,14
* (2) The Redeemer must be a kinsman Leviticus 25:48,49; Ruth 3:12,13; Galatians 4:4; Hebrews 2:14,15.
* (3) The Redeemer must be able to redeem Ruth 4:4-6; Jeremiah 50:34; John 10:11,18
* (4) Redemption is effected by the goel paying the just demand in full Leviticus 25:27; 1 Peter 1:18,19; Galatians 3:13. (See Scofield "Exodus 14:30") See Scofield "Romans 3:24"
come to Zion The time when the "Redeemer shall come to Zion" is fixed, relatively, by Romans 11:23-29 as following the completion of the Gentile Church. That is also the order of the great dispensational passage, Acts 15:14-17. In both, the return of the Lord to Zion follows the outcalling of the Church.

# CHAPTER 60
## Verse 3

light (See Scofield "Isaiah 42:6")

## Verse 16

redeemer Heb. goel, Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

# CHAPTER 61
## Verse 2

acceptable year of the Lord Observe that Jesus suspended the reading of this passage in the synagogue at Nazareth Luke 4:16-21 at the comma in the middle of Isaiah 61:2. The first advent, therefore, opened the day of grace, "the acceptable year of Jehovah," but does not fulfil the day of vengeance. That will be taken up when Messiah returns 2 Thessalonians 1:7-10 Cf. ; Isaiah 34:8; 35:4-10. The last verse, taken with the 4th, gives the historic connection: the vengeance precedes the regathering of Israel, and synchronizes with the day of the Lord. ; Isaiah 2:10-22; Revelation 19:11-21; Isaiah 63:1-6.

# CHAPTER 62
## Verse 4

Hephzibah i.e. My delight is in her.

## Verse 12

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

# CHAPTER 63
## Verse 1

redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

## Verse 3

tread them (See Scofield "Genesis 36:1") Also Armageddon (battle of). Is 60:1-6; 66:15,16; Revelation 16:14; 19:11-21 See Scofield "Revelation 19:17" See Scofield "Revelation 19:19"

## Verse 4

Day of the Lord (Day of Jehovah) Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21; Isaiah 63:1-6; Isaiah 66:15-24; Revelation 19:11-21

## Verse 9

angel (See Scofield "Hebrews 1:4") redeemed Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20").

## Verse 10

holy Spirit Holy Spirit. Ezekiel 2:2; Genesis 1:2; Malachi 2:15

## Verse 16

our Father Cf. Isaiah 1:2; 64:8. Israel, collectively, the national Israel, recognizes God as the national Father (cf) Exodus 4:22,23, Doubtless the believing Israelite was born anew (cf) ; John 3:3,5; Luke 13:28 but the O.T. Scriptures show no trace of the consciousness of personal sonship. The explanation is given in Galatians 4:1-7. The Israelite, though a child, "differed nothing from a servant." The Spirit, as the "Spirit of His Son," could not be given to impart the consciousness of sonship until redemption had been accomplished. Galatians 4:4-6 See "Adoption" ; Romans 8:15; Ephesians 1:5. (See Scofield "Ephesians 1:5"). redeemer Heb. "goel," Redemp. (Kinsman type). (See Scofield "Isaiah 59:20")

## Verse 17

fear (See Scofield "Psalms 19:9").

# CHAPTER 64
## Verse 8

our father Here the reference is to relationship through creation, rather than through faith, as in Acts 17:28,29. (See Scofield "Acts 17:29").

# CHAPTER 65
## Verse 17

behold Verse 17 looks beyond the kingdom-age to the new heavens and the new earth (see refs. at "create"), but verses 18-25 describe the kingdom-age itself. Longevity is restored, but death, the "last enemy" 1 Corinthians 15:26 is not destroyed till after Satan's rebellion at the end of the thousand years. Revelation 20:7-14.

# CHAPTER 66
## Verse 7

travailed Isaiah 66:7,8. (See Scofield "Micah 5:1")

## Verse 15

Marg render his anger (Day of Jehovah) Isaiah 2:10-22; 4:1-6 ; 11:10-13; 13:9-16 ; 24:21-23; 26:20,21; Isaiah 63:1-6; 66:15-24; Revelation 19:11-21