OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Josias

​ROGERS, JOSIAS (1755–1795), captain in the navy, was born at Lymington, Hampshire, where his father would seem to have had a large interest in the salterns. In October 1771 he entered the navy on board the Arethusa with Captain (afterwards Sir) Andrew Snape Hamond, whom he followed to the Roebuck in 1775. In March 1776 he was sent away in charge of a prize taken in Delaware Bay, and, being driven on shore in a gale, fell into the hands of the American enemy. He was carried, with much rough treatment, into the interior, and detained for upwards of a year, when he succeeded in making his escape, and, after many dangers and adventures, in getting on board his ship, which happened to be at the time lying in the Delaware. For the next fifteen or eighteen months he was very actively employed in the Roebuck's boats or tenders, capturing or burning small vessels lurking in the creeks along the North American coast, or landing on foraging expeditions. On 19 Oct. 1778 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and after serving in several different ships, and distinguishing himself at the reduction of Charlestown in May 1780, he was, on 2 Dec. 1780, promoted to the command of the General Monk, a prize fitted out as a ​sloop of war with eighteen guns. After commanding her for sixteen months, in which time he took or assisted in taking more than sixty of the enemy's ships, on 7 April 1782 the General Monk, while chasing six small privateers round Cape May, got on shore, and was captured after a stout defence, in which the lieutenant and master were killed and Rogers himself severely wounded. He was shortly afterwards exchanged, and arrived in England in September, still suffering from his wound. From 1783 to 1787 he commanded the Speedy in the North Sea, for the prevention of smuggling, and from her, on 1 Dec. 1787, he was advanced to post rank.
In 1790 Rogers was flag captain to Sir John Jervis (afterwards Earl of St. Vincent) [q. v.] in the Prince. In 1793 he was appointed to the Quebec frigate, and in her, after a few months in the North Sea and off Dunkirk, he joined the fleet which went out with Jervis to the West Indies. He served with distinction at the reduction of Martinique and Guadeloupe in March and April 1794, and was afterwards sent in command of a squadron of frigates to take Cayenne. One of the frigates, however, was lost, two others parted company, and the remainder of his force was unequal to the attempt. Rogers then rejoined the admiral at a time when yellow fever was raging in the fleet, and the Quebec, having suffered severely, was sent to Halifax. By the beginning of the following year she was back in the West Indies and was under orders for home, when, at Grenada, where he was conducting the defence of the town against an insurrection of the slaves, he died of yellow fever on 24 April 1795. He was married and left issue. A monument to his memory was erected by his widow in Lymington parish church.
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Richard (1532?-1597)

​ROGERS, RICHARD (1532?–1597), dean of Canterbury and suffragan bishop of Dover, son of Ralph Rogers (d. 1559) of Sutton Valence in Kent, was born in 1532 or 1533. His sister Catherine married as her second husband Thomas Cranmer, only son of the archbishop, and his cousin, Sir Edward Rogers [q. v.], comptroller of Queen Elizabeth's household, is separately noticed. Richard is said to have been a member of Christ's College, Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. in 1552 and B.D. in 1562. On 18 March 1555–6 he was admitted B.A. at Oxford, and in May 1560 he proceeded M.A. During the reign of Queen Mary he is said to have been an exile for religion. Soon after Elizabeth's accession, probably in 1559, he was made archdeacon of St. Asaph, and on 11 Feb. 1560–1 was presented to the rectory of Great Dunmow in Essex, which he resigned in 1564. He sat in the convocation of 1562–1563, when he subscribed the Thirty-nine Articles and the request for a modification of certain rites and ceremonies. He also held the livings of Llanarmon in the diocese of St. Asaph and Little Canfield in Essex, which he resigned in 1565 and 1566; the rectory of ‘Pasthyn’ in the diocese of St. Asaph he retained till his death. In 1566 he was collated to the prebend of Ealdland in St. Paul's Cathedral, resigning the archdeaconry of St. Asaph. On 19 Oct. 1567 Archbishop Parker presented him to the rectory of Great Chart in Kent, and on 12 May 1568 the queen nominated him, on Parker's recommendation, to be suffragan bishop of Dover. In 1569 he was placed on a commission to visit the city and diocese of Canterbury, and he received Elizabeth when she visited Canterbury in 1573. In 1575 Parker appointed him overseer of his will, and left him one of his options. On 16 Sept. 1584 he was installed dean of Canterbury, and in 1595 he was collated to the mastership of Eastgate hospital in Canterbury, and to the rectory of Midley in Kent. In December he was commissioned to inquire into the number of recusants and sectaries in his diocese. He died on 19 May 1597, and was buried in the dean's chapel in Canterbury Cathedral. By his wife Ann (d. 1613) he left several children, of whom Francis (d. 1638) was rector of St. Margaret's, Canterbury. The suffragan bishopric of Dover lapsed at his death, and was not revived until the appointment of Edward Parry (1830–1890) [q. v.] in 1870.
A. F. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Thomas (1660-1694)

​ROGERS, THOMAS (1660–1694), divine, son of John and grandson of Thomas Rogers, successively rectors of Bishop's Hampton (now Hampton Lucy), Warwickshire, was born at Bishop's Hampton on 27 Dec. 1660, and educated at the free school there. He entered Trinity College, Oxford, matriculating, on 15 March 1675–6, under the tutorship of John Willis. He shortly afterwards transferred himself to Hart Hall, and graduated thence on 23 Oct. 1679, and M.A. on 5 July 1682 (Foster, Alumni Oxon.; Wood, Fasti, ii. 383; Athenæ Oxon. iv. 400). He took holy orders, and on Low Sunday 1688 performed in St. Mary's Church the part of repetitioner of the four Easter sermons; he was inducted in April 1690 to the small rectory of Slapton, near Towcester in Northamptonshire. He died of small-pox in the house of Mr. Wright, a schoolmaster, in Bunhill Fields, on 8 June 1694. He was buried in the church of St. Mary Overy, Southwark (Wood; Colvile, Warwickshire Worthies).
Rogers wrote: 1. ‘Lux Occidentalis, or Providence displayed in the Coronation of King William and Queen Mary and their happy Accession to the Crown of England, and other remarks,’ London, 1689, 4to (poem of twenty-eight pages under the running title of ‘The Phœnix and Peacock’). 2. ‘The Loyal and Impartial Satyrist, containing eight miscellany poems, viz. (1) “The Ghost of an English Jesuit,” &c.; (2) “Looking on Father Peter's Picture;” (3) “Eccebolius Britannicus, or a Memento to the Jacobites of the higher order,”’ London, 1693, 4to. 3. ‘A Poesy for Lovers, or the Terrestrial Venus unmask'd, in four poems, viz. (1) “The Tempest, or Enchanting Lady;” (2) “The Luscious Penance, or the Fasting Lady,”’ &c., London, 1693, 4to. 4. ‘The Conspiracy of Guts and Brains, or an Answer to the Twin Shams,’ &c., London, 1693. 5. ‘A True Protestant Bridle, or some Cursory Remarks upon a Sermon preached [by William Stephens, rector of Sutton in Surrey] before the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London on 30 January 1693, in a Letter to Sir P. D.,’ London, 1694. 6. ‘The Commonwealths Man unmasqu'd, or a just Rebuke to the Author of the “Ac​count of Denmark,” in two parts,’ London, 1694, 8vo; a wearisome and bigoted tirade against the advanced whig principles embodied in the book of Robert Molesworth, first viscount Molesworth [q. v.] There is a prefatory epistle addressed to William III.
W. A. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Philip Hutchings

​ROGERS, PHILIP HUTCHINGS (1786?–1853), painter, was born at Plymouth about 1786, and educated at Plymouth grammar school under John Bidlake [q. v.] Like his fellow-pupil, Benjamin Robert Haydon [q. v.], he was encouraged in his taste for art by Bidlake, who took more interest in the artistic talent of his pupils than in their regular studies. Bidlake sent Rogers to study in London, and maintained him for several years at his own expense. He returned to Plymouth, and painted views of Mount Edgcumbe and Plymouth Sound, choosing principally wide expanses of water under sunlight or golden haze, in imitation of Claude. Many of these are at Saltram, the seat of the Earl of Morley. A large picture by him, ‘The Bombardment of Algiers,’ has been engraved. He exhibited ninety-one pictures between 1808 and 1851, chiefly at the Royal Academy and British Institution. He etched twelve plates for ‘Dartmoor,’ by Noel Thomas Carrington, 1826. He was elected a member of the Artists' Annuity Fund in 1829, at the age of forty-three. After residing abroad for some years, he died at Lichtenthal, near Baden-Baden, on 25 June 1853.
C. D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Robert

​ROGERS, ROBERT (1727–1800), colonel, was born in 1727 at Dunbarton, New Hampshire, where his father, James Rogers, was one of the first settlers. He gained great celebrity as commander of ‘Rogers's rangers’ in the war with the French in North America, 1755–60, and a precipice near Lake George is named ‘Rogers's Slide,’ after his escape down the precipice from the Indians. On 13 March 1758, with one hundred and seventy men, he fought one hundred French and six hundred Indians, and retreated after losing one hundred men and killing one hundred and fifty. In 1759 he was sent by Sir Jeffery Amherst from Crown Point to destroy the Indian village of St. Francis, near St. Lawrence River, and in 1760 he was ordered to take possession of Detroit and other western posts ceded by the French after the fall of Quebec, a mission which he accomplished with success. He soon afterwards visited England, where he suffered from neglect and poverty; but in 1765 he found means to print his ‘Journals,’ which attracted George III's favourable notice. In 1765 the king appointed him governor of Mackinaw, Michigan. On an accusation of intriguing with the Spaniards, he was sent in irons to Montreal and tried by court-martial. Having been acquitted, he in 1769 revisited England, where he was soon imprisoned for debt. Subsequently he became a colonel in the British army in America, and raised the ‘queen's rangers.’ His printed circular to recruits promised them ‘their proportion of all rebel lands.’ On 21 Oct. 1776 he escaped ​being taken prisoner by Lord Stirling at Mamaroneck. Soon after he went to England, and in 1778 he was proscribed and banished by the provincial congress of New Hampshire. He died in London in 1800. Among his works are: 'A Concise Account of North America,' and 'Journals,' giving a graphic account of his early adventures as a ranger, London, 1765, 8vo, and edited by Franklin B. Hough, Albany, 1883. (The 'Journals' are also condensed in Stark's 'Reminiscences of the French War,' 1831, and in the 'Memoir of John Stark,' 1860). 'Ponteach, or the Savages of America: a Tragedy,' by Rogers in verse, appeared in 1766, 8vo; only two copies are known to exist, one in the possession of Mr. Francis Parkman, and the other in the British Museum Library. Rogers's 'Diary of the Siege of Detroit' was first edited by F. B. Hough at Albany in 1860.
[Sabine's Amer. Loyalists; Ryerson's Amer. Loyalists; Appleton's Cycl. vol. v.; Brit. Mus. Cat.; Parkman's Works, passim; Duyckinck's Cycl. vol. i.; Allibone's Dict. vol. ii.]
B. H. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rogers, Thomas (1760-1832)

​ROGERS, THOMAS (1760–1832), divine, born at Swillington, near Leeds, on 19 Feb. 1760, was youngest son of John Rogers, vicar of Sherburn, Yorkshire, who is said to have been a lineal descendant of John Rogers [q. v.], the martyr. On leaving Leeds grammar school he entered Magdalene College, Cambridge, in 1779, graduated B.A. in 1783, and was ordained deacon on Trinity Sunday in that year. After being successively curate of Norton-cum-Galby in Leicestershire, Ravenstone in Derbyshire, and at St. Mary's, Leicester, under Thomas Robinson (1749–1813) [q. v.], he was appointed headmaster of the Wakefield grammar school on 6 Feb. 1795. In December of the same year he was allowed to hold with this office the afternoon lectureship of St. John's, Wakefield. Rogers conducted some confirmation classes in 1801 in Wakefield parish church with such success that a weekly lectureship was founded in order to enable him permanently to continue his instruction. His Sunday-evening lectures were thronged, and raised the tone of the neighbourhood, where religious feeling had long been stagnant. In 1814 he resigned the mastership of the grammar school, and in 1817 became chaplain of the West Riding house of correction in Wakefield. He effected many reforms in the prison. He died on 13 Feb. 1832, aged 71, and was buried in the south aisle of the parish church. His wife Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Long of Norton, whom he married in 1785, died in 1803, leaving six children.
Besides ‘Lectures on the Liturgy of the Church of England’ (London, 1804, 2 vols. 8vo; 3rd edit. 1816), he composed a manual of ‘Family Prayers,’ 1832.
J. H. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seton, John (d.1594)

​SETON, Sir JOHN, Lord Barns (d. 1594), Scottish judge, was the third son of George, fifth lord Seton [q. v.], by his wife Isabel, daughter of Sir William Hamilton of Sanquhar. While still a young man he went to Spain to the court of Philip II, by whom he was made knight of the royal order of St. Jago and master of the household. He was appointed master of the stable to James VI of Scotland some time before 1581, when he had an encounter with James, earl of Arran (Calderwood, History, iii. 592). The same year he was sent as ambassador to complain to Elizabeth regarding her conduct in interfering in behalf of the Earl of Morton, but was not permitted to enter England. On 27 Jan. 1586–7 he was admitted a member of the privy council (Reg. P. C. Scotl. iv. 139), and on 17 Feb. 1587–8 he was appointed, with the title Lord Barns, an extraordinary lord of session, in room of his brother, Alexander Seton, afterwards Earl of Dunfermline [q. v.] He died on 25 May 1594. By his wife Anne, daughter of William, seventh lord Forbes, he had, with other children, a son John who succeeded him.
[Calderwood's Hist. of the Kirk of Scotland; Reg. P. C. Scotl. vols. iii.–iv.; Brunton and Haig's Senators of the College of Justice.]
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seton, George (1584-1650)

​SETON, GEORGE, third Earl of Winton (1584–1650), second son of Robert Seton, first earl of Winton, by Margaret, daughter of Hugh Montgomerie, third earl of Eglinton, was born in December 1584. His brother, Alexander, took the surname of Montgomerie, and became in 1611 sixth Earl of Eglinton [q. v.] George succeeded to the earldom of Winton in 1607, in the lifetime of his elder brother, who resigned the title and estates in his favour. In accordance with the old traditions of his family, he entertained James VI at Seton Palace, on his visit to Scotland in 1617, and also twice entertained Charles I in 1633. In 1620 he erected the additional residence of Winton Castle in Pencaitland parish, Haddingtonshire, an original and remarkably striking modification of Tudor architecture. He was referred to by John Maxwell [q. v.], bishop of Ross, and afterwards archbishop of Tuam, in 1638, as ‘popishly affected’ (Balfour, Annals, ii. 263), and though he took no prominent part in public affairs, seems to have generally favoured the king. He supported the engagement for the king's rescue in 1648, and gave to the commander-in-chief, the Duke of Hamilton, 1,000l. in free gift for his equipage. He died at Seton on 15 Dec. 1650 of a palsy, and ‘was interred among his ancestors in the church there without any funeral solemnity’ (ib. iv. 255). By his first wife, Lady Anne Hay, eldest daughter of Francis, eighth earl of Errol, he had, with three daughters, four sons: George, lord Seton, who having joined Montrose shortly after the battle of Kilsyth, was taken prisoner at Philiphaugh, but was finally liberated on a bond of 100,000l., and died at Seton in 1648, leaving, with other children, a son George, lord Seton (d. 1648), whose son George became fourth earl of Winton (d. 1704); Charles; Alexander, viscount Kingston [q. v.]; and Francis. By his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John, lord Herries, he had, with five daughters, four sons: Christopher, William, John, and Robert.
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seton, George (d.1749)

​SETON, GEORGE, fifth Earl of Winton (d. 1749), was the son of George, fourth earl of Winton, by his second wife, Christian, daughter of John Hepburn of Alderston. The father, though only ten years of age when in 1650 he succeeded his grandfather, George Seton, third earl of Winton [q. v.], was fined 2,000l. under Cromwell's act of grace. He left Scotland at an early age, and for some time served in the French army. Returning to Scotland, he was employed by Charles I against the covenanters, and commanded a regiment at Pentland in 1666, and at Bothwell Bridge in 1679. At his death in 1704 the son George, fifth earl, was abroad, and as he had ceased to correspond with his friends in Scotland, his residence was unknown. Before his return his right to the earldom was questioned by his cousin, Viscount Kingston [see under Seton, Alexander, (1621?–1691)], the marriage of ​his parents having been irregular; but in 1710 he took steps to have his right to the earldom established, and was served heir to his father. About this time he was described in Mackay's ‘Secret Memoirs’ as ‘a young gentleman who hath been much abroad in the world,’ and ‘mighty subject to a particular caprice natural to his family.’
Before the outbreak of the rebellion in 1715 the Earl of Winton took steps to organise his own retinue and those of several of his neighbours (Lockhart Papers, i. 492). In a list of Scots nobles he is inserted as having ‘300 men, most of them with their chief, against the government and in the rebellion’ (Patten, History of the Rebellion, p. 194). On 14 Oct. he joined the Earl of Kenmure at Moffat, when the chevalier was proclaimed king as James VIII. He strongly opposed the advance into England, recommending that the Jacobite force should proceed by Dumfries to Glasgow, and effect a junction with the western clans. Nevertheless he interposed to induce the highlanders to withdraw from their mutinous attitude against the entry into England; and although he himself was so strongly convinced of its hopelessness that he resolved to return home, he was finally induced, against his better judgment, to take part in the expedition. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Preston on 14 Nov. Alone of the earls tried for treason for their share in the rebellion, he refused to plead guilty. After trial he was found guilty and sentenced to death, but succeeded in making his escape from the Tower by cutting the prison bars, and went to France. He died unmarried at Rome on 19 Dec. 1749.
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seton, George (d.1478)

​SETON, GEORGE, first Lord Seton (d. 1478), was, according to Sir Richard Maitland, the son of ‘Lord John Seton’ (Sir John Seton of Seton), but according to Douglas (Peerage, ed. Wood, ii. 642), his grandson, and the son of Sir William Seton, killed in the lifetime of his father, Sir John Seton, at the battle of Verneuil in Normandy on 17 Aug. 1424. The latter version of his parentage is corroborated by the register of the great seal, where George, lord Seton, is referred to as the grandchild of Sir John (Reg. Mag. Sig. vol. i. No. 332). According to Sir Richard Maitland, the first Lord Seton, when nine years of age, fell into the hands of Lord-chancellor Crichton, who for a time kept him a prisoner in the castle of Edinburgh, from which he was, however, delivered by the laird of Johnstone. In 1448 he accompanied Crichton on an embassy to France and Burgundy, to arrange for a marriage between James II and the daughter of the French king (Rymer, Fœdera, xi. 213). The same year he was created a peer of parliament by the title of Baron Seton. In March 1451 he conceded to Crichton the lands of Winton in the barony of Seton (Reg. Mag. Sig. vol. i. No. 432). In 1472 and 1473 he was sent on embassies to England (Rymer, xi. 749, 755). He died on 14 July 1478. Maitland describes him as ‘a good householder, and all given to nobleness.’ By his first wife, Lady Margaret Stewart, only daughter and heiress of John, earl of Buchan, he had a son John, who predeceased him, leaving a son George, second Lord Seton; and, according to Maitland, he had also another son, Dougal. By his second wife, Christian Murray of the house of Tullibardine, he had a daughter Christian.
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seton, Thomas de

​SETON or SETONE, THOMAS de (fl. 1344–1361), chief justice of the king's bench, appears as a counsel in the ‘Year-Books’ from 1344 onwards, and was one of the king's serjeants in 1345, when he applied before the council that the iter in the bishopric of Durham might be foregone for that year. He was appointed to a judgeship, probably in the king's bench, previously to April 1354, when he was a trier of petitions in parliament (Rolls of Parliament, ii. 254). He was a judge of the common pleas in Michaelmas 1355. In 1356 he recovered damages from a woman for calling him ‘traitor, felon, and robber’ in the public court. On 5 July 1357 Setone was made chief justice of the king's bench, ad tempus; the temporary character of the appointment is shown by the fact that Setone continued to act as judge of common pleas till Michaelmas 1359, and he is so styled when admitted to the king's secret council in the same year. But he must have soon afterwards been raised permanently to the chief-justiceship, which office he held till 24 May 1361, when Henry Green [q. v.] was appointed his successor.
[Foss's Judges of England.]
C. L. K.