OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New Student's Reference Work/Delaware, Ohio

See also Delaware, Ohio on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Delaware, Ohio, a city, the seat of Delaware County, on the Whetstone River and on the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis, the Columbus, Sandusky & Hocking and other railroads, 23 miles north of Columbus. It was incorporated in 1827, and in 1844 became the seat of the Ohio Wesleyan University of the Methodist Episcopal body. It has good churches, schools and a public library, and is noted for its mineral springs, which have remarkable medicinal properties. Its industries, besides railroad repair-shops, embrace foundries and clay-works, manufactures of chairs, carriages, gloves, woolens, flour, lumber and building-material. Population, 9,076.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Deadwood, So. Dak.

See also Deadwood, South Dakota on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Deadwood, So. Dak., a city, the seat of Lawrence County, in the western part of the state and the center of the gold-mining region of the Black Hills. It is on the Burlington and Missouri River and the Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley railroads, 175 miles west of Pierre. Its industries, besides boiler-works, embrace machine-shops, lumber-mills, brick and lime-works and smelting-plants for the reduction of gold and other metals. Population, 3,653.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Decoration Day

See also Memorial Day on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Dec'ora'tion Day, called in the eastern part of the country Memorial Day, is the day set apart for commemorating the services of the soldiers and sailors who lost their lives in the Civil War. Speeches and processions are made in their honor, and their graves visited and decorated with flowers. It is observed by north and south alike; and in most of the states on the same day — May 30.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Dead-Letter Office

See also Dead letter office on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Dead-Letter Office, in the United States postal department, is the place where unclaimed letters are sent. After remaining a month in the office to which they are directed, the unclaimed or “dead” letters are sent to Washington, and opened in the dead-letter office. If the writer's address can be found, the letter is returned to him; if not, it is destroyed. In one year nearly 7,000,000 pieces of mail were received. Many had no state on the address, 3,000 had no address at all; $92,000 in cash and more than $3,000,000 in drafts were found in the letters. Thousands of magazines, illustrated papers, picture-cards and valentines were sent to hospitals.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Dead Sea

See also Dead Sea on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Dead Sea, the name of a most remarkable lake in the southeast of Palestine, called in the Old Testament, the Salt Sea, Sea of the Plain or East Sea. It is 46 miles long, with a breadth of from 5 to 9 miles. Its surface, which is lower than that of any water known, is 1,292 feet below the level of the Mediterranean. The shape is that of a lengthened oval, with a promontory jutting into it on the southeast. The Dead Sea is fed by the Jordan on the north and by many other streams; but it seemingly has no outlet. The excess of water is held to be carried off by becoming vapor. The tall limestone-cliffs on the east and west, the muddy flat on the north and the low marsh on the south are all barren and dreary. On the north blackened trunks and branches of trees can be seen, incrusted with salt; while on the south is the remarkable ridge of rock-salt, seven miles long and 300 feet high, called the Ridge of Sodom. The proximity of lava-beds, pumice-stone, warm springs, sulphur and volcanic slag proves volcanic work at some time in the past. The long-held belief that the vapor given off by the lake was deathly is not founded on fact. Birds fly over and swim about on its surface. But the salt of the water is inimical to life, though some lower forms of sea-animals are found in it. The water of the Dead Sea has eight times as much salt as that of the ocean. In all lakes or ponds without an outflow the water becomes salty, its feeders all the time bringing in salt while none goes off in vapor, as the water does. The evaporation is great because of the great heat. Rain hardly ever falls; the water is nearly as blue as the Mediterranean; and, though its taste is extremely salty and disagreeable, a bath in it is refreshing. It is almost impossible for the bather to sink in it, however hard he may try. It was for a long time thought that the Dead Sea flowed over the former site of the cities of the plain (Gen. xix).
# The Motor Maid

"We raced along a clear road, the Etang shimmering blue before us"
THE MOTOR MAID
BY
C. N. and A. M. WILLIAMSON
Illustrations by
F. MELVILLE DU MOND AND F. LOWENHEIM
NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY
1910
all rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, including the scandinavian
copyright, 1910, by doubleday, page & company published, august, 1910
TO THE
THREE GERTRUDES
ILLUSTRATIONS :
| "We raced along a clear road, the Etang shimmering blue before us" | Frontispiece |
| facing page ||
| "While I wrestled … with a bodice as snug as the head of a drum, the lord of all it contained appeared in the doorway" | 48 |
| "It took half an hour to dig the car out, and push her up from the hollow where the snow lay thickest" | 272 |
| "Jack's hand, inside Mr. Stokes's beautiful, tall collar, shook Bertie back and forth till his teeth chattered like castanets" | 328 |
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Chapter 18
* Chapter 19
* Chapter 20
* Chapter 21
* Chapter 22
* Chapter 23
* Chapter 24
* Chapter 25
* Chapter 26
* Chapter 27
* Chapter 28
* Chapter 29
* Chapter 30
* Chapter 31
* Chapter 32
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1933, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 90 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chibcha

Edition of 1905. See also Muisca people on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIB′CHA, or Muysca (So. Amer. Indian, men). An important nation or confederacy centring, at the time of the Spanish Conquest, on the upper Magdalena River, about Bogotá, Colombia, their language being the general trade language throughout the whole mountain region of that country. Detached tribes of the same stock were fouud along the isthmus, and in Costa Rica. In culture the Chibchas ranked close to the Quichuas, practicing agriculture by the aid of an extensive system of irrigation, weaving cotton cloth, and working gold with a high degree of skill, although ignorant of the use of copper and bronze. They offered heroic resistance to the Spaniards, but were finally subdued and well-nigh exterminated, only a few remnants still surviving in their native mountains.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiasma

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ CHIASMA, kī̇-ăz′mȧ. See Decussation.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiavari

Edition of 1905. See also Chiavari on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIAVARI, kyä′vȧ-rē̇. A maritime city in Italy, 24 miles east-southeast of Genoa (Map: Italy, D 3). Numerous old towers, one of them of considerable size, are scattered through the town, which has a handsome new city hall, statues of Garibaldi and Mazzini, by Rivalta, attractive public gardens, good bathing, a technical and nautical school, and a gymnasium. It is a market for wine, oil, cheese, and fish, and manufactures lace, silk, and furniture, particularly the slender chairs called sedi di Chiavari. Chiavari is a starting-point for the ascent of Mount Penna; altitude, 5690 feet. Population, in 1881 (commune), 12,000; in 1901, 12,500.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiavenna

Edition of 1905. See also Chiavenna on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIAVENNA, kyä-vĕn′nȧ (Lat. Clavenna, probably from clavis, key). A town in north Italy, picturesquely situated north of Lake Como, on the Mera, at the mouth of the Bregaglia Valley, through which passes the road to the Engadine. The beautiful Church of San Lorenzo has a campanile rising from an arcaded inclosure, and a baptistery containing a Thirteenth-Century font (Map: Italy, D 1). Interesting, also, are the ruins of an unfinished castle, and the Giants' Kettles (marmitta dei giganti), in the Capiola Valley. The chief trade is in fruit and wine, and the chief manufactures are silk, cotton, beer, and a coarse ware cut out of a soft stone found in the neighborhood. The situation made the ancient Clavenna one of the most important keys to the Alps. Population, in 1881 (commune), 4292; in 1901, 4788.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Cheyenne (tribe)

Edition of 1905. See also Cheyenne on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHEYENNE, shī̇-ĕn′ or shē̇-. A brave and warlike plains tribe of Algonquian stock. They lived at one time on the Cheyenne River, of Minnesota, but, owing to pressure from the hostile Sioux, crossed the Missouri and drifted down into the plains. They have an interesting social organization, with eleven subdivisions and a council of five chiefs, besides the military organization known to the whites as the ‘Dog Soldiers.’ They are high-spirited and honorable, and have been prominent in nearly all the wars upon the plains up to a very recent period. They call themselves by a name which signifies ‘our people,’ the name Cheyenne being of Sioux origin and signifying ‘red’—i.e. ‘alien.’ They number now about 3450, of whom about 1400 (Northern Cheyenne) are on a reservation in Montana, the remainder (Southern Cheyenne) being associated with the Arapahoes in Oklahoma, their reservation having been opened to settlement in 1892.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Cheyne, George

Edition of 1905. See also George Cheyne (physician) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHEYNE, chā′nē̇, George (1671-1743). An English physician. He was born in Methlick, Aberdeenshire, studied in Edinburgh, and in 1702 went to London, where he was elected fellow of the Royal Society. He became enormously corpulent, and having secured relief by a milk and vegetable diet, recommended this treatment in all his subsequent treatises. His works, eminently argumentative in tone, were widely popular, and were translated into foreign languages. They include: Essay on Health and Long Life (1724; seventh edition, 1726); The English Malady (1733; sixth edition, 1739); and Essay on Regimen (1740). His correspondence with Richardson, the novelist, appeared in 1817, as Original Letters, edited by Rebecca Warner.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiastolite

Edition of 1905. See also Chiastolite on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIASTOLITE, kī̇-ăs′tō̇-līt (from Gk. χιαστός, chiastos, diagonal, from χιάζειν, chiazein, to yawn, from χῖ, chi, name of the twenty-second letter of the Greek alphabet + λίθος, lithos, stone). A dark-colored variety of andalusite, consisting of stout crystals which, owing to a regular arrangement of carbonaceous impurities through the interior, show in cross-section a colored cross. This mineral is found in Andalusia, Spain, in Tyrol, in Saxony, in Austria, and elsewhere in Europe, where it is frequently sold as a gem, and, owing to the cross-like appearance, is prized, especially among the lower classes. In the United States the best chiastolites are found in Lancaster and Westford, Mass., and especially in Mariposa County, Cal.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chibouque

Edition of 1905. See also Chibouk on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIBOUQUE or CHIBOUK, chĭ-bo͞ok′ (Turk, chibuq, small stick, tube of the pipe). A tobacco-pipe used in Turkey and Egypt, having a long wooden stem, often of valuable material, a mouthpiece of glass or amber, and a bowl of baked clay.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiasmus

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ CHIASMUS, kī̇-ăz′mŭs. See Syntax, Figures of.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Chiba

Edition of 1905. See also Chiba, Chiba on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CHIBA, chē′bä. A prefectural town of Japan, situated on the coast, about 17 miles by rail from Tokio. It yields large quantities of marine products. Population, in 1898, 26,233.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Jonson, Ben

See also Ben Jonson on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jon′son, Ben, an English dramatist, was born at Westminster (now in London) about 1573. He received his education at Westminster School, where he had as his teacher the celebrated William Camden. For a time he followed the profession of actor, but soon after began to write dramas. The first that proved a success was Every Man in His Humor, in which Shakespeare acted one of the parts, in 1598. His Masques were written for the courts of James and Charles, and are elegant and graceful in style. He was one of the most learned men of his age, and the influence of his writings proves the strength and the talent of the man. As a song-writer he had few equals. Toward the end of 1625 he was attacked by the palsy and afterward by dropsy. During the last three years of his life he was unable to leave his room. He died in August, 1637, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. The stone above his grave bears the inscription: “O rare Ben Jonson!” See A. C. Swinburne’s Study of Ben Jonson.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Jorullo

See also El Jorullo on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jorullo (hṓ-ro͞ol′ yṓ ), a volcanic mountain in Mexico, 4,315 feet above the sea, 150 miles west of the City of Mexico. During one night, Sept. 29. 1759, Jorullo was thrown up from a plain by the pressure of volcanic force.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Jordan, David Starr

See also David Starr Jordan on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jor′dan, David Starr, naturalist and educator, formerly president, now chancellor of Leland Stanford University, was born at Gainesville, N. Y., Jan. 19, 1851, and graduated at Cornell University and at Indiana Medical College. From 1872 to 1879 he held chairs at various collegiate institutions, and from 1879 to 1885 was professor of zoology in and from 1885 to 1891 president of Indiana University. He also acted as assistant to the United States fish-commission, and was United States commissioner in charge of the fur-seal investigations. In 1891 he was chosen president of the Leland Stanford University, He resigned the presidency in 1913, and was appointed chancellor. He is the author of Invertebrate Animals of the Northern United States; Fishes of Northern and Middle America; Factors of Organic Evolution; Care and Culture of Men; and numerous papers on ichthyology.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Joplin, Mo.

See also Joplin, Missouri on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jop′lin, Mo., a city and railroad-center in Jasper County, southwestern Missouri, near Kansas and ten miles from Oklahoma. It lies 14 miles southwest of Carthage, and is intersected by five railroads. Its mining industries are considerable, for it is the center of the lead and zinc region of southwestern Missouri, which is the richest mining camp (for those ores) in the world. It has smelting furnaces, foundries, machine-shops flourmills, boilerworks, a soapfactory and whitelead works. It has banks, good schools and churches and fine public buildings. The population has grown greatly in the past decade, its present inhabitants numbering 32,073.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Joppa

See also Joppa on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jop′pa. See Jaffa.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Joliet

See also Joliet, Illinois on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Joliet (jō′ lĭ-ĕt), a city in Will County, Ill., 36 miles from Chicago on Desplaines River, at the terminus of the Chicago Canal. The rapids give water-power estimated to be sufficient to run machinery to employ 50,000 men. Six railroads, the Illinois and Michigan Canal and an electric line to Chicago furnish transportation. Pig iron, Bessemer steel, steelcars, steelrods, wire, nails, wirefence, tinplate, Corliss engines, steam boilers, stoves, agricultural implements, matches, horseshoes and wall paper are manufactured on an extensive scale. The oatmeal works are the second largest in the world. Stonequarrying is an important industry. The 22 school buildings are made of Joliet limestone. The township high-school building, recently completed at a cost of $225,000, is said to be the best equipped school-house in the state. Other notable buildings are the Illinois Steel Company Athenæum (a clubhouse for workingmen), two hospitals, two academies and a public library. The northern state penitentiary is located here. Population 34,670.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Joly, Sir Henry G.

See also the disclaimer.
Joly (zhṓ′lḗ′), Sir Henry G., was born in France in 1829. He was educated at Paris, and was called to the bar in 1855. He became premier and commissioner of public works of Quebec in 1878. In 1867 he was elected by acclamation both to the Assembly and the Commons. He sat in both Houses until 1874, and remained in the Commons until 1885. He was appointed minister of Inland Revenue in 1896, in the Laurier Ministry, and later Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia. He is an authority in all matters of forestry.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Jordan River

See also Jordan River on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Jor′dan River, the chief river of Palestine, the bed of which forms a great valley stretching from north to south in the eastern part of the country. It is formed by the junction of three streams. The highest source is the Hasbany, which rises near the Druse town of Hasbeiya on the west side of Mt. Hermon. The Jordan flows south, and after a little over 100 miles, passing through the Waters of Merom and the Lake of Tiberias, 682 feet below the Mediterranean, it falls into the northern end of the Dead Sea, 1,292 feet below the ocean. Its banks are of white marl, at times steep, but there are more than 40 fords for crossing.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Joliet, Louis

See also Louis Jolliet on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Joliet (zhṓ-lyā́′), Louis, one of the early explorers of the Mississippi, was born at Quebec in 1645. He studied at the Jesuit allege, Quebec, intending to become a priest. He, however, abandoned this intention, and spent some years as an Indian trader, thus getting a knowledge of the languages and geography of the west. With Marquette he was selected to explore the western country and push through to the Mississippi. They started in May, 1673, reaching the Mississippi at the mouth of the Wisconsin in June. They floated down the Mississippi, passing the mouths of the Missouri and the Ohio, and going far enough to be sure that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico. Joliet upset his canoe on his way back, losing all his maps and papers, so that the only accurate report of the expedition was Marquette’s. Joliet was given the seigniory of Anticosti Island in 1680 and, later, that of Joliette. Few men have contributed more to the geography of that time than did Joliet. He died in 1700. See Parkman’s La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Laborde, Léon Emmanuel Simon Joseph, Count de

Edition of 1905. See also Léon de Laborde on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ LABORDE, Léon Emmanuel Simon Joseph, Count de (1807-69). A French archæologist and traveler, son of the preceding, born in Paris. He was educated in Germany, traveled extensively in Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt, and then entered the diplomatic service. In 1847 he was made conservator of the Louvre Museum of Antiques, and in 1857 director-general of the archives of the Empire. His numerous works include: Histoire de la gravure en manière noire (1839); Voyage en Orient, Asie Mineure et Syrie (1837-62); and Les archives de la France (1867).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Labori, Fernand Gustave Gaston

Edition of 1905. See also Fernand Labori on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ LABORI, lȧ′bō̇′rē̇′, Fernand Gustave Gaston (1860—). A French lawyer. He was born at Rheims, studied law at Paris, in England, and in Germany. He was called to the bar of the Court of Appeal in 1881, and in 1887-88 was secretary of the Conference of Advocates. He conducted several notable cases, among them the defense of the assassins Duval and Chevallereau, the anarchist Pini, and the dynamiter Vaillant. He was advocate for Gabriel Compayré in his famous libel action against Numa Gilly, and defended Alfred Dreyfus (q.v.). On August 14, 1899, during the final trial of Dreyfus at Rennes, a cowardly attempt was made to kill Labori. He was shot in the back while on his way to the court, and was dangerously wounded, but recovered sufficiently to resume his defense of Dreyfus. He has had charge of several literary cases, notably those of La Plume and the Théâtre réaliste. His defense of M. Zola, who was charged with libeling the President and the army, was the occasion for a display of marked ability. In conjunction with others, M. Labori has undertaken the publication of the Répertoire encyclopédique de droit français.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ladoga Staraya

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​LADOGA STARAYA, lä′dō̇-gȧ stȧ-rä′yȧ. A town of Russia. See Staraya Ladoga.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ladrone Islands

Edition of 1905. See also Mariana Islands on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​LADRONE (lȧ-drōn′, Sp. pron. lȧ-drō′nā̇) ISLANDS, Mariana or Marianne Islands. A group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, belonging, with the exception of Guam (q.v.), the southernmost and largest, to Germany (Map: Australasia, G 1). They are situated between latitudes 13° and 21° North, and between longitudes 144° and 146° East, about 1500 miles east of the Philippines. They are disposed in a row from north to south; their number is about sixteen, of which eight, including Guam, are inhabited; their aggregate area is about 430 square miles. The largest islands, next to Guam, are Saipan, Tinian, and Rota, all in the southern part of the group, those in the north being only small volcanic islets, and all of them mountainous. The climate is humid, but moderately warm and not unhealthful. The cocoanut and breadfruit trees are indigenous, but rice, sugar, maize, coffee, tobacco, and indigo are cultivated. The native fauna is very poor, including no mammals except a few rats and bats, and hardly any reptiles or insects. All the domestic animals of Europe, however, have been imported and thrive there. The aboriginal inhabitants consisted of Chamorros, a tribe of Micronesians who were in possession of considerable culture, as is shown by the remains of ancient temples found in the island of Tinian. They decreased rapidly after the Spanish occupation, and Tagalogs were imported from the Philippines, who mixed with and almost supplanted the earlier race. In 1898 the population of the islands numbered 1938, exclusive of Guam, whose population is about 9000. They were discovered in 1521 by Magellan, who named them Ladrones (Sp., ‘robbers’) on account of the thieving propensities of the inhabitants. They were settled in 1667 by Spanish Jesuit missionaries, who called them the Mariana Islands. As a result of the Spanish-American War, the island of Guam was ceded to the United ​States in 1898, and the remaining islands, together with the Carolines, were sold to Germany in 1899 for 25,000,000 pesetas ($4,875,000). The Ladrones form a division of the German New Guinea Protectorate; the seat of administration is on the island of Saipan.