OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Manier

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Manier. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Manier, feminine, ‘manner, fashion, mannerism,’ from Middle High German maniere, feminine, ‘manner,’ from French manière.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Markolf

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Markolf. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Markolf, masculine, ‘jay,’ first occurs in early Modern High German; it has passed from the fables of animals into general use; liter. Mark-wolf, ‘boundary wolf,’ used in the Old High German period as a proper name (Marcolf). Similarly in Reineke Vos, Marquart is the name of the jay, formed from the Old High German proper name Marcwart, literally ‘frontier guardian.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Mann

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Mann. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Mann, masculine, ‘man, husband,’ from Middle High German man(nn), Old High German man(nn), masculine, ‘person, man.’ The general meaning ‘person’ still appears in Modern High German jemand, niemand, as well as in the pronoun discussed under man. In Anglo-Saxon, man, mǫn (n equivalent to nn), might be used equally of a male or female, although the former sense preponderated; Anglo-Saxon man, ‘person, man, woman,’ English man, Old Icelandic maðr, Gothic manna, ‘person, man.’ The word followed the declension of the two stems mann- and mannan- (thus in Gothic, Anglo-Saxon, Old High German, and Middle High German); from the latter the modern plural Mannen has been obtained. Gothic and Teutonic mann- for manw- is based on an older manu- (like Kinn on kennu-, genu-; see also dünn). This Aryan mánu-, ‘person,’ appears also in Indian, but it was used also as Manu, ‘the father of mankind.’ To this corresponds the Teutonic Mannus in Tacitus, ‘the progenitor of the West Teutons’; compare further Sanscrit manus, masculine, and manuša, ‘person,’ perhaps also Old Slovenian mążĭ, ‘man.’ The Indian manu- is usually connected with the root man, ‘to think’ (compare mahnen); in that case the original sense is ‘thinking being.’ This cannot, however, be definitely regarded as the primitively source of the word. It is scarcely probable that the primitively Aryans considered ‘thinking’ to be the essential characteristic of a man. We should rather assume from the earliest Aryan literature, the Old Indian Vedas, that the primitively Aryan felt he was closely allied to the brutes, since the Vedic Indian actually calls himself paçu, ‘beast.’ The literal meaning of Aryan manu-, ‘person,’ can hardly be ascertained now. See Mensch.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Mantel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Mantel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Mantel, masculine, ‘cloak, mantle,’ from the equivalent Middle High German mantel, mandel, Old High German mantal, mandal, masculine; on account of the non-permutation of t to z the word cannot be cognate with Middle English mantel, English mantle, Old Icelandic mǫttul, masculine, ‘cloak,’ and hence it is not ​derived from the same root as Greek μανδύας, ‘upper garment.’ The Teutonic cognates are more probably based on Latin mantellum, from which Italian mantello and French manteau are derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Felber

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Felber. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Felber, masculine, ‘white willow,’ from Middle High German vëlwer, older vëlwâre, masculine, from vëlwe, ‘willow,’ Old High German fëlawa, fëlwa, feminine, ‘willow tree.’ Probably Osset. färwe, ‘alder,’ is primitively allied to it.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Fehme

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Fehme. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Fehme, feminine, ‘criminal tribunal’ (in ​Westphalia formerly), from Middle High German veime, feminine, ‘condemnation, punishment, secret tribunal,’ Gothic *faima, feminine, would, on the analogy of τέσσαρες, Gothic fidvôr, favour the connection with the root τι in Greek τίνω, ‘to atone for,’ derived from ki, ‘to punish, avenge’; Greek ποίνη, as a derivative of the same root, may have been formed with a different suffix from that which appears in Fehme. In spite of the late formation of the word, its origin is difficult to discover and uncertain. Its connection with Dutch veem, ‘guild, association,’ is also disputed. Others again refer it to Old Saxon a-fêhian, ‘to condemn’ (see feige). It is quite impossible to connect it with an older Low German form, Fehme, ‘oak-mast,’ which, with Bavarian dehme, deehel, ‘oak-mast,’ belongs to a different stem.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feigwarze

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feigwarze. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feigwarze, feminine, from the equivalent Middle High German (rare) vîcwarzen, neuter, vîcwęrze, feminine, ‘venereal ulcer,’ for which is found, mostly in the same sense, Middle High German vîc, masculine, from Latin fîcus, whence also the equivalent Anglo-Saxon fîce; compare Italian fico, ‘fig, venereal ulcer.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feier

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feier. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feier, feminine, ‘holiday, festival, celebration,’ from Middle High German vîre, feminine, Old High German fîra, fîrra, ‘festival, holiday’; borrowed from Middle Latin fêria (formed from Latin feriae), with the lat ê strengthened, as Kreide, Speise, Seide, Pein; the cause of the rr in Old High German fîrra is the i of fêria.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feiertag

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feiertag. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feiertag, masculine, ‘holiday, festival,’ from Middle High German vîr-, vîretac, Old High German firatag. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feim

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feim. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feim, masculine, ‘foam,’ from the equivalent ​MidHG. veim, Old High German feim, masculine; compare the corresponding Anglo-Saxon fâm, English foam, which are primitively allied to the equivalent Sanscrit phêna, Old Slovenian pěna. Modern High German abgefeimt, from an earlier abfeimen, ‘to skim’ (compare raffiniert, from French raffiner, ‘to refine’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feind

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feind. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feind, masculine, ‘enemy, foe, fiend,’ from Middle High German vînt, vîent, vîant, Old High German fîant, masculine, ‘enemy’; the common Teutonic noun for ‘enemy’; compare Old Saxon fîund, Anglo-Saxon feónd, English fiend, Old Icelandic fjánde, Gothic fijands. In contrast to Latin hostis, discussed under Gast, the Teutonic designates his enemy according to the disposition of the latter; Feind (present participle of the Sanscrit root pî, pîy, ‘to scorn, hate’) is literally ‘the hater’; compare Old High German fîen, Anglo-Saxon feógan, Gothic fijan, ‘to hate,’ akin to Gothic faian, ‘to blame.’ Fehde is perhaps allied to it; for the transformation of the present participle into a substantive compare also Freund, Weigand, and Heiland.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Fehde

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Fehde. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Fehde, feminine, ‘feud,’ from Middle High German vêhede, vêde, Old High German fêhida, ‘hate, enmity, quarrel, feud’; corresponds to Anglo-Saxon fœ̂hþ, feminine, ‘enmity, revenge, feud’; Goth *faihiþa, ‘enmity,’ is probably an abstract noun from the Gothic adjective *faihs, ‘hostile,’ which appears in Anglo-Saxon as fâh, fâg, ‘exiled, outlawed, proscribed’ (Anglo-Saxon gefâa, masculine, ‘enemy,’ English foe; compare Old High German gifêh, Middle High German gevêch, ‘hostile, malignant’). A pre-Teutonic root, pī̆q, ‘to injure, cheat’ (compare also Gothic faih, ‘imposition, deception,’ bifaihôn, ‘to deceive, overreach’), is indicated by the Lithuanian; compare Lithuanian pìktas, ‘angry,’ pýkti, ‘to get angry,’ peíkti, ‘to curse,’ paíkas, ‘stupid’ (akin to Prussian po-paikâ, ‘he cheats’). Respecting the interchange of meaning between ‘to injure’ and ‘to deceive,’ see trügen. Hence English foe is literally ‘one who injures,’ Old High German fêhida, literally ‘hurt, injury.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feige

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feige. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feige, feminine, ‘fig,’ from the equivalent Middle High German vîge, Old High German fîga, feminine, ‘fig’; compare Old Saxon fîga, Dutch vijg; derived, like other South European names of trees and fruits, from Romance Latin (ficus, feminine), or more strictly from North Italian and Provençal figa, whence also French figue. The Anglo-Saxon fîctreów is connected directly with the Latin, the later English form fig-tree being based upon French figue. Compare Pfirsich, Pflaume, Birne, varieties of fruit, which were borrowed in the Old High German period, or even earlier, from the Latin Gothic smakka, ‘fig,’ corresponding to Old Slovenian smokŭ, was obtained from a different source. See Ohrfeige.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feile

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Feile. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feile, feminine, ‘file,’ from the equivalent Middle High German vîle, Old High German fîla, fîhala (not fĭhala), feminine; corresponds to Anglo-Saxon feól (dialectic variant *fîl), feminine, English file, Dutch vijl, ‘file.’ The Old Icelandic term is þél, feminine, ‘file,’ with an abnormal initial sound; Goth *feihala or *þeihala must be assumed. The form with initial f from Aryan p points to the widely diffused root pik, ‘to scratch,’ akin to Latin pingo, pictor, Old Slovenian pĭsati, ‘to write.’ Yet Old Icelandic þel, from *þîhl, points to Teutonic þinh, equivalent to pre-Teutonic tek, tenk, in Modern High German Dachs; for the interchange of f and þ compare düster (finster), Fackel, Fehme (also Old High German fîn, fîma compared with Low German dîme, ‘heap of corn.’
# Ambition (Howard)

Sent in a letter to his friend Tevis Clyde Smith around April 1930. First published in The Collected Letters of Robert E. Howard (vol. 2), October 2007.
Build me a gibbet against the sky, Solid and strong and long miles high, Let me hang where the high winds blow That never stoop to the world below, And the great clouds lumber by. Let the people who toil below See me swaying to and fro, See me swinging the aeons through, A dancing dot in the distant blue.
This work is from the United States and in the public domain because it was not legally published with the permission of the copyright holder before January 1, 2003 and the author died more than 70 years ago. This is a posthumous work and its copyright in certain countries and areas may depend on years since posthumous publication, rather than years since the author's death. Translations or editions published later may be copyrighted.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ambassador v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
325 U.S. 317
Ambassador v. United States
Argued: March 9-12, 1945. --- Decided: May 21, 1945
See 325 U.S. 896, 65 S.Ct. 1561.
Appeal from the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia.
Mr. Parker McCollester, of New York City, for appellants.
Mr. Charles Fahy, Sol. Gen., of Washington, D.C., for appellee, the United States.
Mr. T. Brooke Price, of New York City, for appellees American Telephone & Telegraph Co. et al.
Mr. Justice JACKSON delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ambassadors of God

God, the offended God most high, Ambassadors to rebels sends; His messengers His place supply, And Jesus begs us to be friends.
Us, in the stead of Christ, they pray, Us, in the stead of God, entreat, To cast our arms, our sins, away, And find forgiveness at His feet.
Our God in Christ! Thine embassy, And proffered mercy, we embrace; And gladly reconciled to Thee, Thy condescending goodness praise.
Poor debtors, by our Lord’s request A full acquittance we receive! And criminals, with pardon blessed, We, at our Judge’s instance, live!
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kloß

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kloß. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kloß, masculine, ‘clod, dumpling,’ from Middle High German klôȥ, masculine and neuter, ‘lump, bulb, clew, bullet, pommel of a sword, wedge,’ Old High German chlôȥ, masculine, ‘ball, round mass, bowl (at play)’; corresponding to Middle Low German klûte, Dutch kloot, masculine, ‘bullet, ball.’ Anglo-Saxon *cleát, English cleat, ‘wedge’ (Icelandic klót, ‘pommel of a sword,’ has an abnormal ô for au, which indicates that the word has been borrowed, unless it is cognate with Latin glâdius). Gothic *klauta- is wanting; the Teutonic root klut appears also in the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kluppe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kluppe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kluppe, feminine, ‘pincers,’ from Middle High German kluppe, feminine, ‘tongs, barnacles, splinter,’ Old High German kluppa, feminine, ‘tongs.’ Kluppe, like Modern High German Kluft (dialectic) ‘tongs,’ is also derived from Old Teutonic kliuban, ‘to split, cleave’; unfortunately correspondences in other dialects are wanting (Gothic *klubjô?). Compare klieben, klauben, and Kluft.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Klippe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Klippe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Klippe, feminine, ‘cliff,’ from the equivalent Middle High German (Lower Rhenish) klippe, feminine, borrowed from Middle Dutch klippe; compare Dutch klip; allied to a Teutonic root klib, as is shown by Old Icelandic kleif, neuter, ‘cliffs’; compare also Anglo-Saxon clif, neuter, English cliff, Old Icelandic klif, neuter, Old Saxon klif, Old High German klëb, neuter, all pointing to a Gothic *klif, klibis, neuter, ‘rock, hill’ They have been connected with Icelandic klífa, verb, ‘to climb’ (see under kleiben), but on account of the primary meaning ‘to cleave (to),’ this is scarcely satisfactory.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kloben

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kloben. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kloben, masculine, ‘log of wood, block, pulley,’ from Middle High German klobe, masculine, ‘log of wood with a slit to act as a vice, fetter, stick with a slit for catching birds, bolt, slit,’ &c.; Old High German chlobo, masculine, ‘stick for catching birds’; allied to klieben, Middle High German klieben, verb, ‘to split, cleave’ (compare Bogen, allied to biegen). Old Low German kloðo, masculine, ‘fetter’; Old Icelandic klofe, masculine, ‘crevice in a rock, door joint’; Dutch kloof, feminine, ‘slit, rift, cleft.’ Compare Knoblauch.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Klucke

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Klucke. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Klucke, Glucke, feminine, ‘clucking hen,’ from Middle High German klucke. feminine, ‘brood hen,’ allied to Middle High German and Modern High German klucken (glucken). Compare Anglo-Saxon cloccian, English to cluck, Dutch klokken. The Teutonic cognate, klukk, is of onomatopoetic origin; compare the phonetic cognates, Latin glôcîre, Greek γλώζειν, ‘to cluck.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Klotz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Klotz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Klotz, masculine and neuter, ‘block, log, stump,’ from Middle High German kloz (genitive klotzes), masculine and neuter, ‘lump, bullet,’ hence equivalent to Middle High German klôȥ; Anglo-Saxon *clott, English clot; we may therefore assume Gothic *klutta-, the relation of which to klauta-, mentioned under Kloß, is evident. In the non-Teutonic languages the Teutonic root klut (‘bale’?), adduced under Kloß, has not been definitely authenticated; a root glud appears in Lithuanian gludus, ‘clinging to,’ glausti, ‘to cling to.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kluft

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kluft. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kluft, feminine, ‘chasm,’ from Middle High German kluft, feminine, ‘cleft, chasm, cave, vault, tongs,’ Old High German chluft, feminine, ‘tongs, shears,’ properly ‘splitting’ (as a verbal abstract of the Old Teutonic kliuban, ‘to split,’ discussed under klieben). The tongs, as an instrument with a slit, is called dialectic Kluft; compare Kluppe. The Middle High German meaning ‘vault’ (crypta) seems to be due to a confusion of Kluft with the foreign word crypta (see Gruft). Gothic *klufti-, feminine; ​Anglo-Saxon *clyft, English cleft, clift, Dutch kluft, feminine, ‘cleft, notch, chasm.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Klumpe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Klumpe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Klumpe, Klumpen, masculine, ‘slump, lump,’ Modern High German only; from the equivalent Low German klamp, Dutch klomp, masculine; compare English clump. Scandinavian klumba, feminine, ‘club,’ with a different labial, also a variant klubba; klubbu-fótr, whence the equivalent English ‘club-foot.’ Further references have not been discovered. Compare Kolben.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kloster

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Kloster. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Kloster, masculine, ‘monastery,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German klôster, neuter, borrowed on the introduction of Christianity from Middle Latin and Romance claustrum (Italian chiostro, French cloître), ‘monastery’; compare Klause.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Klunker

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Klunker. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Klunker, feminine, ‘clot, tassel,’ Modern High German only; allied to Middle High German klungeler, ‘tassel,’ glunke, feminine, ‘dangling curl,’ glunkern, ‘to swing, dangle.’
# An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States/Preface

Preface.
PREFACE
The following pages are frankly fragmentary. They are designed to suggest new lines of historical research rather than to treat the subject in an exhaustive fashion. This apology is not intended as an anticipation of the criticism of reviewers, but as a confession of fact. No one can appreciate more fully than I do how much of the work here outlined remains to be done. The records of the Treasury Department at Washington, now used for the first time in connection with a study of the formation of the Constitution, furnish a field for many years' research, to say nothing of the other records, printed and unprinted, which throw light upon the economic conditions of the United States between 1783-1787.
If it be asked why such a fragmentary study is printed now, rather than held for the final word, my explanation is brief. I am unable to give more than an occasional period to uninterrupted studies, and I cannot expect, therefore, to complete within a reasonable time the survey which I have made here. Accordingly, I print it in the hope that a few of this generation of historical scholars may be encouraged to turn away from barren "political" history to a study of the real economic forces which condition great movements in politics.
Students already familiar with the field here surveyed will discover that I have made full use of the suggestive work already done by Professor Turner, Drs. Libby, Ambler, and Schaper.
I am indebted to Mr. Merwin of the Treasury Department for his great courtesy in making available the old records under his jurisdiction; to Mr. Bishop, of the Library of Congress, for facilitating the examination of thousands of pamphlets as well as for other favors; and to Mr. Fitzpatrick, of the Manuscript Division, for keeping his good humor while bringing out hundreds of manuscripts which seemed to yield results wholly out of proportion to the labor entailed.
I am under deep obligation to two friends, nameless here, without whose generous sympathy and encouragement, this volume could not have been written.
CHARLES A. BEARD. Washington, D.C.,
February, 1913.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Spilling

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Spilling | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Spilling, m., ‘large yellow plum,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spillinc, spinlinc (g), m. Probably connected, like OHG. spënala, MidHG. spënel, ‘pin,’ with a primit. Teut. spī̆na-, ‘thorn,’ which is cognate with Lat. spîna, ‘thorn’ (comp. Ital. spillo, ‘pin’).