OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jerusalem, Land of (II)

​JERUSALEM, LAND OF. The name given by the Nephites to that country which we call Judea. (I Nephi, 2:11; 16:35.)
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/John

​JOHN. The Apostle, usually called John the Revelator. He is mentioned by name three times in the Book of Mormon. Twice regarding the things revealed to him (I Nephi, 14:27; Ether, 4:16); and once regarding his request, similar to that of the three Nephites, that he might live and minister on the earth until Jesus returned (III Nephi, 28:6).
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/John (II)

​JOHN. The Baptist. This prophet is not mentioned by name in the Book of Mormon, but that he would baptize the Savior is foretold by Lehi and Nephi (I Nephi, 10:7-10: 11:27; II Nephi, 31:4).
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jonas

​JONAS. The name of Jonas, the son of Nephi the Disciple, and himself a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, is but once mentioned in the Book of Mormon, and then only in the list of those chosen by the Messiah to form that august body, where it occupies the third place, coming next after Nephi his father, and Timothy his uncle, consequently all we can say of him is inferential. It is altogether probable that by following the virtuous examples of his eminent forefathers, he had rendered himself worthy of the glorious position to which the Savior called him, as among a generation who were all righteous, ​we cannot imagine that Jesus would select any but the most worthy and illustrious to be the teachers of the whole people and the heads of the Church. He was one of those of whom it was directly said by the angel to Nephi (the son of Lehi): "Behold they are righteous forever, for because of their faith in the Lamb of God, their garments are made white in His blood. "
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jonas (II)

​JONAS. One of the twelve disciples, called and chosen by the risen Redeemer to minister among the Nephites. He is the second of that name found in that quorum, the other being the son of Nephi. He is not again mentioned by name in the Book of Mormon. (See Twelve Disciples.)
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Joneam

​JONEAM. A Nephite general, who commanded a corps of ten thousand men in the last great struggle between the Nephites and the Lamanites. He, with all his command, was slain in the final series of battles in the land Cumorah (A. C. 385), when the Nephite nation was annihilated.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jerusalem, Land of

​JERUSALEM, LAND OF. A land of the Lamanites. It was in the immediate vicinity of the waters of Mormon, probably east or north from Lehi-Nephi. There (about B. C. 100) the Lamanites, Amulonites and various Nephite apostates built a large and thriving city, and named it after their fathers' ancient home in Judea. In this city Aaron, the son of king Mosiah, unavailingly preached the gospel. Its apostate citizens were too sin-hardened to accept the glorious message which he bore. They continued in their career of crime and iniquity until it was engulfed in the bowels of the earth in the dire calamities that attended the crucifixion of the Lord of Life and Glory. Waters came up in the place of this proud city, and a stagnant sea, akin to that which hides Sodom and Gomorrah, occupied the place where its grand palaces and rich synagogues previously stood.
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jerusalem, New

​JERUSALEM, NEW. The city spoken of by John, in the Book of Revelation; but ages before his time, prophesied of by Ether, the last seer of the Jaredite race. (Ether, 13:3-10.) Among other things Ether foretells that this blessed city shall be built upon the American continent. Jesus, in his teachings to the Nephites, confirms the truth of this prophecy (III Nephi, 20:22; 21:23, 24) .
# A Dictionary of the Book of Mormon/Jesse, Root of

​JESSE, ROOT OF. The prophecy of Isaiah regarding the root of Jesse is quoted by Nephi (II Nephi, 21:1-10).
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Westinghouse, George

See also George Westinghouse on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WESTINGHOUSE, GEORGE (1846-1914), American inventor and manufacturer, was born at Central Bridge, N.Y., Oct. 6 1846. In 1856 his father moved to Schenectady, N.Y., and began to manufacture farm implements. The boy early displayed inventive talent and when 15 designed and constructed a rotary engine. He entered the Union army in the Civil War in 1863 but in 1864 was appointed third assistant engineer in the navy. At the close of the war he resigned and entered Union College, but in his sophomore year, on the advice of the president, he withdrew to devote his time to mechanical invention. In 1865 he had invented a device for replacing derailed cars and also a reversible steel railway frog, but from lack of capital was unable to develop a business in Schenectady. In 1868 he went to Pittsburgh and arranged for the manufacture of his devices, which he himself sold to the railways. In 1869 he patented his air-brake and organized the Westinghouse Air Brake Co. In 1872 he invented the automatic air-brake (see 4.414). This brake was quickly adopted by railways in America and gradually in Europe. He also developed a system of railway signals, operated by compressed air with the assistance of electrical contrivances. In 1885 he acquired certain patents for alternating current machinery. In June 1912 he received the Edison gold medal for “meritorious achievement in connexion with the development of the alternating current system for light and power.” In 1893 this system was installed at the Chicago Exposition. Later his Pittsburgh establishment built dynamos for the power plants at Niagara Falls, for the rapid transit systems of New York City, and for the London Metropolitan railway. Westinghouse also devised a method for conveying gas through long-distance pipes thus making it a practicable fuel. In 1910 he was elected president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He died in New York March 12 1914. He was president of some 30 corporations with a capital of about $200,000,000, employing more than 50,000 persons.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Weston, Agnes

See also Agnes Weston on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WESTON, AGNES (1840-1918), English philanthropic worker, was born in London March 26 1840. In 1868 she took up hospital visiting and parish work in Bath, and through beginning a correspondence with a seaman who asked her to write to him, developed into the devoted friend of sailors, superintendent of the Royal Naval Temperance Society and founder of the Royal Naval Sailors' Rests, or clubs for sailors, at Devonport and Portsmouth. She published Life Among the Bluejackets in
1909. She died at Devonport Oct. 23 1918. Shortly before her death her work for the navy had been recognized by the bestowal of the G.B.E.
See S. G. Wintz, Our Bluejackets, Miss Weston's Work (1894).
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Whitlock, Brand

See also Brand Whitlock on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WHITLOCK, BRAND (1860-), American diplomat and writer, was born at Urbana, O., Mar. 4 1869. He was educated in the public schools, became a newspaper reporter in Toledo, O., in 1887, and was appointed political correspondent on the Chicago Herald in 1890. Three years later he accepted a clerkship in the office of the Secretary of State of Illinois, where he remained until 1897. Meanwhile he read law and was admitted to the bar (1894). In 1897 he returned to Toledo and practised law until 1905, when he was elected mayor. He was reëlected for three succeeding terms, but in 1911 declined the nomination for a fifth term. In 1913 he was appointed by President Wilson minister to Belgium and in 1919 his post was raised to ambassador. This office he continued to hold under President Harding until the close of 1921. Before he had been in Belgium a year the World War broke out and the German invasion took place. Although the other diplomatic bodies followed the Belgian court to Havre, Whitlock insisted on remaining in Brussels in order to render any possible aid to the oppressed people. It was largely due to his urgent advice that Brussels did not resist and thus escaped even more ruthless devastation. In the early days of the war he gave protection to many German residents who had been unable to leave the country. By his firm attitude toward the German military officials he saved many innocent Belgians from death; but his activities in behalf of Edith Cavell were unavailing as he was misled at the last moment by false promises by the Germans. After the formation of the Commission for Relief in Belgium, its operations were placed wholly under his direction. Food and clothing were provided for destitute civilians whose means of sustenance had been destroyed. His ceaseless work in their behalf won the gratitude of all the Belgians; and although worn out by the physical strain he refused to quit his post until the signing of the Armistice in Nov. 1918, when he returned to America for a short rest. He was decorated with the Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold by King Albert (1917), and was made burgher of Brussels (1918) and of Liége (1919) and Honorary Citizen of Antwerp (1919).
The Belgian Government awarded him the Civic Cross of the First Class (1919). He was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
An excellent account of the German occupation is given in his Belgium; a Personal Narrative (1919). His other writings include The 13th District: a Story of a Candidate (1902); Her Infinite Variety (1904); The Happy Average (1904); The Turn of the Balance (1907); Abraham Lincoln (1909, in the Beacon Biographies); The Gold Brick (1910); On the Enforcement of Law in Cities (1910; enlarged form, 1913); The Fall Guy (1912); Forty Years of It (1914, a description of “democracy's progress in a mid-western city”) and Walt Whitman: How to Know Him (1920).
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Westlake, John

See also John Westlake (law scholar) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WESTLAKE, JOHN (1828-1913), English jurist, was born at Lostwithiel, Cornwall, Feb. 4 1828. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1850. He was called to the bar in 1854, and attained a great reputation as an authority on international law. In 1874 he became a Q.C. and bencher of Lincoln's Inn, and in 1885 successfully contested the Romford division of Essex in the Liberal interest. In 1888 he became professor of international law at the university of Cambridge, a position which he held until 1908. He was also an hon. president of the Institute of International Law, and from 1900 to 1906 a member of the Hague arbitration court. He died at Chelsea April 14 1913.
His works include A Treatise on Private International Law, or the Conflict of Laws (1858; 5th ed. 1912); Chapters on the Principles of International Law (1894); International Law, Part I., Peace (1904; 2nd ed. 1910); Part II., War (1907).
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/White, Edward Douglass

See also Edward Douglass White on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WHITE, EDWARD DOUGLASS (1845-1921), American jurist, was born on a plantation in the parish of Lafourche, La., Nov. 3 1845. His father was seventh governor of Louisiana. He was educated at Mount St. Mary's, Md., Georgetown (D.C.) College, and, after the outbreak of the Civil War, at the Jesuit College in New Orleans. During the latter part of the war he served as a private in the Confederate army. He studied law in the office of Edward Bermudez, later chief justice of Louisiana, was admitted to the bar in 1868, and practised law in New Orleans. In 1874 he was elected to the state Senate, and four years later was appointed associate justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court. In 1891 he was elected to the U.S. Senate, and before completing his term was appointed, in 1894, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court by President Cleveland. In 1910 he was appointed chief justice by President Taft. Many of his notable opinions were delivered in connexion with the Sherman anti-trust law. Of special importance were his opinions requiring the dissolution of the Standard Oil Co. and the American Tobacco Co. in 1911. As chief justice he administered the oath of office to President Wilson in 1913 and 1917, and to President Harding in 1921. He died at Washington, D.C., May 19 1921.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Wiley, Harvey Washington

See also Harvey Washington Wiley on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WILEY, HARVEY WASHINGTON (1844- ), American chemist, was born in Kent, Ind., Oct. 18 1844. He was educated at Hanover (Ind.) College (A.B.1867; A.M.1870), Indiana Medical College (M.D.1871), and Harvard (B.S.1873). He was professor of Greek and Latin at Butler College, Indianapolis, (1868-70); state chemist of Indiana and professor of Chemistry at Purdue University (1874-83); and chief chemist of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (1883-1912). He was elected president of the American Chemical Society in 1893, and from 1899 was professor of Agricultural Chemistry at the George Washington University. He frequently represented the United States in scientific meetings abroad. He was specially interested in preventing food adulteration, and antagonized many food packers by opposing the use of benzoate of soda as a preservative. In 1911 his enemies urged his dismissal from the Department of Agriculture on the technical charge that an expert in his department had received recompense exceeding the legal rate. Later in the year President Taft wrote a letter wholly exonerating Dr. Wiley, but failed to take the obviously proper steps to remove from the Department a hostile member, with whom Dr. Wiley had to come into constant contact. Accordingly, Dr. Wiley resigned in 1912. Henceforth, he devoted himself largely to the cause of pure food by lecturing and writing.
His numerous publications include The Sugar Industry of the United States (1885); Principles and Practice of Agricultural Analysis (1894-7; revised edition, 1906-14); Foods and Their Adulterations (1907; third edition, 1917); Influence of Food Preservatives and Artificial Colors on Digestion and Health (1904-7, with several collaborators); 1001 Tests of Foods, Beverages, and Toilet Accessories, Good and Otherwise (1914); The Lure of the Land (1915), and Beverages and Their Adulteration (1919). He also edited a series of Health Readers for Schools in 1919.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Wharton, Edith

See also Edith Wharton on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WHARTON, EDITH [Newbold Jones] (1862-), American writer, was born in New York City in 1862. She lived much in Italy and France. She married Edward Wharton, a Boston banker, in 1885. She began her literary career as a writer of short stories, her first story, “Mrs. Manstey's View,” appearing in Scribner's Magazine in 1891. Her first long novel, The Valley of Decision, appeared in 1902, the scene being Italy toward the close of the seventeenth century. Her novel, The House of Mirth, appeared in 1905 and was highly successful. In 1908 it was translated into French by Paul Bourget, who called it the greatest American novel. It was dramatized with the help of Clyde Fitch, but had slight success. After the outbreak of the World War she edited in 1915 The Book of the Homeless, sold for the benefit of Belgian refugees; and later for services she was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honour of France. Her works include The Greater Inclination (1899); The Touchstone (1900); Crucial Instances (1901); Madame de Treymes (1907); The Fruit of the Tree (1907); The Hermit and the Wild Woman (1908); Tales of Men and Ghosts (1910); Ethan Frome (1911); The Custom of the Country (1913); The Age of Innocence (1920).
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/White, Andrew Dickson

See also Andrew Dickson White on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832-1918), American educationalist (see 28.599), died at Ithaca, N.Y., Nov. 4 1918. His later works included Seven Great Statesmen in the Warfare of Humanity With Unreason (1910) and The Work of Benjamin Hale (1911). In 1913 he published a new edition of The Warfare of Science and Theology in Christendom.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Willard, Daniel

See also Daniel Willard on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WILLARD, DANIEL (1861-), American railway official, was born at North Hartland, Vt., Jan. 28 1861. He graduated from the Windsor (Vt.) high school in 1878, studied for a year at the Mass. Agricultural College, Amherst, and in 1879 began his railway career as track labourer in Vermont. He rose to fireman, then to engineer, and for twenty years held various positions on several roads, including the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie in its early days. In 1899 he was made assistant manager of the Baltimore and Ohio R.R., and two years later assistant to the president of the Erie R.R., of which he soon became first vice-president and general manager. From 1904 to 1910 he was second vice-president of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy R.R., and after 1909 was also president of the Colorado Midland and vice-president of the Colorado and Southern. In 1910 he was elected president of the Baltimore and Ohio. In Oct. 1916 he was appointed a member of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense, and the following March chairman of the commission. After
America's entrance into the World War, he was appointed in July 1917 a member of the special committee of the Council of National Defense to secure mediation in case of strikes on war contracts. In Nov. 1917 he was appointed by President Wilson chairman of the War Industries Board, charged with devising and expediting means of producing the Government's industrial requirements for effective warfare. In Jan. 1918 he resigned in order to devote personal attention to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. After the Government had taken over the railways as a war measure a Federal manager displaced him as operating head of his road, but he remained president in charge of its corporate affairs, in which position he continued when the U.S. Government gave up control of the railways.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Pitoni, Giuseppe

From volume 2 of the work.
​PITONI, Giuseppe Ottavio, eminent musician of the Roman school, born March 18, 1657, at Rieti; from the age of five attended the music-school of Pompeo Natale, and was successively chorister at San Giovanni de' Fiorentini, and the SS. Apostoli in Rome. Here he attracted the attention of Foggia, who gave him instruction in counterpoint during several years. In 1673 he became Maestro di Capella at Terra di Rotondo, and afterwards at Assisi, where he began to score Palestrina's works, a practice he afterwards enjoined on his pupils, as the best way of studying style. In 1676 he removed to Rieti, and in 1677 became Maestro di Capella of the Collegio di San Marco in Rome, where his pieces for two and three choirs were first performed. He was also engaged by various other churches, San Apollinare and S. Lorenzo in Damaso in 1686, the Lateran in 1708, and St. Peter's in 1719, but he retained his post at San Marco till his death, Feb. 1, 1743, and was buried there.
[ F. G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Plaidy, Louis

From volume 2 of the work.
[ S. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Pittman, Josiah

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Pixis

From volume 2 of the work.
​PIXIS, a family of musicians. Friedrich Wilhelm, the elder, was a pupil of the Abbé Vogler in Mannheim in 1770, and still lived there in 1805. He published organ-music, and sonatas and trios for PF. His eldest son, also
Friedrich Wilhelm, born in Mannheim, 1786, studied the violin under Ritter, Luigi, and Franzel, early made a name, and travelled throughout Germany with his father and brother. At Hamburg he took lessons from Viotti. In 1804 he entered the Elector's Chapel at Mannheim, and afterwards went to Prague, where he became professor at the Conservatorium, and Capellmeister of the theatre, and died Oct. 20, 1842. His brother,
[ F. G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Plagal Cadence

From volume 2 of the work.
​PLAGAL CADENCE is the form in which the final Tonic chord is preceded by Subdominant Harmony. [See Cadence.]
[ C. H. H. P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Planché, James

From volume 3 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Planquette, Robert

From volume 3 of the work.
[ G. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Pizzicato

From volume 2 of the work.
​PIZZICATO (Ital. for 'pinched'). On the violin, and other instruments of the violin-tribe, a note or a passage is said to be played pizzicato if the string is set in vibration not by the bow, but by being pinched or plucked with the finger. The pizzicato is used as much in orchestral and chamber music as in solo pieces. A well-known ​instance of effective orchestral pizzicato occurs in the scherzo of Beethoven's C minor Symphony, just before the entry of the finale, and also in the adagio of the same master's B♭ Symphony. The canzonetta in Mendelssohn's Quartet in E♭, op. 12, affords an illustration of its use in chamber-music. In solo-playing a distinction is made between the pizzicato executed with the left, and that with the right hand. The former one is more frequently used, but not so much in classical as in brilliant modern pieces. Paganini made an extensive use of it, either by playing a pizzicato accompaniment to a tune played with the bow (a), or in quick passages with arco notes interspersed (b) and (c).
(The notes marked * to be played pizzicato with the left hand.)
[ P. D. ]
# 23 May 1810

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
From Notebook c.1808-1811 p.67.

#### Edited text:

82   23 May, 1810, found the World Golden.
________________________________________

#### The original text:

23 May 1810 found the World Golden
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## Notes

* ↑ "Blake Complete Writings", ed. Geoffrey Keynes, pub. OUP 1966/85, p. 556.
* ↑ "The Complete Poetry & Prose of William Blake", ed. by David V. Erdman, Anchor Books, 1988, p. 695.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Veni Sancte Spiritus

​VENI SANCTE SPIRITUS. A Prose, or Sequence, sung, in the Roman Church, on Whitsunday, and during the Octave of Pentecost, between the Epistle and Gospel. The text, in Trochaic Dimeter Catalectic, arranged in strophes of three verses, the two first of which rhyme together, while the third verse in every strophe ends in the syllable 'um,' was written in the tenth century, by King Robert of France, and, in graceful and touching simplicity, has never been surpassed. Whether or not King Robert also composed the old Ecclesiastical Melody—a very fine example of the use of Mode I.—it is impossible to say. It is, however, quite worthy of the text, both in sentiment and in graceful freedom of construction.
[ W. S. R. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Venosa, Carlo

​VENOSA, Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of, nephew of Alfonso Gesualdo, archbishop of Naples, was born about the middle of the 16th century. He became the pupil of Pomponio Nenna of Bari, and excelled both as a composer and performer on the organ, clavichord, and lute: on the last he is said to have had no equal in his day. Of his history nothing is recorded; we only know that he was living in 1613. His compositions are contained in a single volume of madrigals published at Genoa in parts, 1585, and in score, 1613. The latter bears the following title: 'Partitura delli sei libri de' madrigali a cinque voci dell' illustrissimo et eccellentissimo principe di Venosa, D. Carlo Gesualdo.'
[ R. L. P. ]
* ↑ Ambros, 'Geschichte der Musik,' iv. 248 note.
* ↑ See especially Ambros, iv. 236–248.