OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Alexander R. Fulton

​ ALEXANDER R. FULTON, author of “The Red Men of Iowa,” was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, October 11, 1825. He received a liberal education and came to Iowa in 1851 where he was employed in newspaper work on the Fairfield Ledger for three years. For twelve years he was county surveyor. He was one of the founders of the Republican party of Iowa, and was judge of Jefferson County when that officer had charge of financial affairs. In 1867 he was elected a member of the House of the Twelfth General Assembly. During the years 1868-9 he traveled through the counties of Iowa for the State Register writing historical sketches, which were of permanent value. He compiled a book on the “Free Lands of Iowa,” giving a large amount of information to persons seeking homes in the State. Mr. Fulton served several years as secretary of the State ​Board of Immigration and also as secretary of the Capitol Commission. In 1872 the State Printing Company was organized at Des Moines to supply auxiliary printed sheets to country papers and Judge Fulton was selected as editor, a position he held under various changes as long as he lived. The work for which lie will be longest remembered was performed during this time. No history of the Iowa Indians was in existence and Judge Fulton entered upon the work, which was completed and published in 1882. The title of the volume was “The Red Men of Iowa” and was a comprehensive and reliable history of the various Indian tribes which had at times occupied portions of Iowa. Judge Fulton was secretary of the Pioneer Lawmakers' Association at the time of his death, which occurred September 29, 1891.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Albert Head

​ ALBERT HEAD was born November 25, 1838, in Highland County, Ohio. He was reared on a farm and in 1855 came overland in an emigrant wagon to Iowa, locating in Poweshiek County. He taught school several years, studied law, gaining admission to the bar in 1859. At the same time he was engaged in publishing the Montezuma Republican in company with Colonel S. F. Cooper. In 1861 Mr. Head assisted in the organization of Company F, Tenth Iowa Volunteers, and was commissioned captain. In 1863 he was promoted to Assistant Adjutant-General, serving on the staff of Generals Matthies, McPherson and Raum. He was several times wounded in the battles of Corinth, Champion's Hill and Vicksburg. Immediately after the close of the war Captain Head settled at Jefferson in Greene County where he resumed the practice of law and was interested in several business enterprises, becoming president of a number of banks. He was president of the Greene County Agricultural Society and a trustee of Drake University. In 1883 he was elected Representative in the Twentieth General Assembly and was reëlected to the Twenty-first and chosen Speaker of the House of Representatives, and again reëlected to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third General Assemblies. He has served as president and treasurer of the State Agricultural Society.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Albert W. Swalm

​ ALBERT W. SWALM was born at Womelsdorf, Berks Cdunty, Pennsylvania, on the 30th of November, 1845. In 1855 he came to Iowa and learned the printing business at Oskaloosa. When the Civil War began he enlisted but was rejected on account of his youth. Later he joined Company D, Thirty-third Iowa Infantry and served through the war as a private. Just before the Rebellion ended he was recommended for promotion. Upon his return home he was employed on the State Register and was soon promoted to city editor. In January, 1870, he became the editor of the Grand Junction Headlight. A few years later he removed to Jefferson and took editorial charge of the Jefferson Bee. In 1873 he, with his wife, purchased the Fort Dodge Messenger, removed to that city and published that paper. Selling that establishment after a few years he returned to Oskaloosa and bought the Herald establishment. Here he held many official positions, among which were postmaster, four years; Indian Land Commissioner, member of the State Prison Commission, of the Republican State Committee, Regent of the State University from 1885 to ​1897, and for thirteen years an officer in the Iowa National Guards, attaining the rank of colonel. He was for some years on the Governor's staff. In 1897 he was appointed Consul to Montevideo, in Uruguay, South America, by President McKinley. In March, 1903, Colonel Swalm was by order of the President transferred to Southampton, England.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Alfred H. McVey

A. H. McVEY
​ ALFRED H. McVEY was born in Fayette County, Ohio, and his education was obtained in the schools of that State. When the Civil War came he enlisted in the Seventy-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and served until mustered out. He then entered the Ohio Wesleyan University and was graduated in 1868. Later he graduated from the Law Department ​of the Cincinnati College and began to practice. Moving to Toledo, Mr. McVey became general counsel for the Toledo, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railway. In 1883 he removed to Des Moines, Iowa, where he engaged in the practice of his profession. In 1901 he was appointed by Governor Shaw judge of the District Court, and at the following general election Judge McVey was chosen for a full term.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Alfred N. Poyneer

​ ALFRED N. POYNEER was born in Connecticut in 1831 where he was reared on a farm and received his early education. In 1861 he removed to Iowa, locating on a farm in Tama County where the remainder of his life was spent. He took an active interest in public affairs and was a member of the Republican party. In 1881 he was elected to the State Senate from the district composed of the counties of Tama and Poweshiek. He served in this position for eight years and was one of the influential members of that body. In 1889 he was the Republican candidate for Lieutenant-Governor and was elected, while his associate on the ticket for Governor was defeated. After serving two years as President of the Senate, Governor Poyneer was appointed one of the commissioners to revise the revenue laws of the State. He died at Montour, August 28, 1897.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Albert M. Lea

​ ALBERT M. LEA, who gave the name to Iowa before it had an organized existence as a Territory or State, was born in east Tennessee in 1807. With a common school education he entered the Military Academy at West Point in 1827 from which he graduated in 1831. He was appointed second lieutenant in the artillery service. In 1832 he was detached on topographic work and in 1834 was transferred to the First Dragoons, in the company commanded by Captain Jesse B. Browne. The regiment was sent to the upper Mississippi with headquarters at old Fort Des Moines (now Montrose) in Lee County, Iowa. It was from here in 1835 that Lieutenant Lea accompanied the exploring expedition under Captain Boone which marched through the wild regions bordering on the ​upper Des Moines, Boone and Iowa rivers. Lieutenant Lea wrote the first description of that part of the country ever published, from notes and maps made while on the march. After his return, he published a book of forty-five pages to which he gave the title “Notes on the Iowa District of Wisconsin Territory.” This is believed to have been the first time the name “Iowa” was applied to the country which two years later became the Territory of Iowa. While in camp on the shores of a beautiful lake in southern Minnesota, Lieutenant Lea made a plat and sketch which was sent to the War Department, where the name “Albert Lea” was given it. He soon after resigned his commission and purchased claims at the mouth of Pine Creek on the west side of the Mississippi, eighteen miles below Rock Island, where he laid out a town which he named Ellenborough. He expected this to be an important city as the country became settled but the founding of Davenport on one side and Muscatine on the other, ruined his hopes and the plat became in time a farm. Lieutenant Lea was employed as a civil engineer to assist in establishing the disputed boundary between Iowa and Missouri. In 1841 he was chief clerk in the War Department and in 1843 was Professor of Mechanics in the University of Tennessee. During the Civil War he was an officer in the Confederate army. He died at Corsicana, Texas, on the 30th of January 1891.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Albert Shaw

​ ALBERT SHAW, journalist, was born at Shandon, Ohio, July 23, 1857. He came to Iowa when a young man, entering Iowa College at Grinnell where he graduated in 1879. He first entered upon journalism by securing an interest in the Grinnell Herald but still continued his studies under Professor Macy, giving special attention to constitutional history and economic science. In 1881 he entered Johns Hopkins University as a graduate student, and while there attracted the notice of James Bryce who was preparing his “American Commonwealth,” and availed himself of Mr. Shaw's knowledge of western political and social conditions. In 1883 Mr. Shaw secured a position on the Minneapolis Tribune but returned to Johns Hopkins taking the degree of Ph. D. He then resumed work on the Tribune. While pursuing his studies he wrote a book called “Icaria; A Chapter in the History of Communism,” which became his thesis, was translated and published in Germany where it won the author an enviable reputation. After spending two years in study in Europe he gave lectures at Cornell, Johns Hopkins and Michigan Universities. In 1891 he was invited to establish the American Review of Reviews of which he has since been the editor. He is the author of “Municipal Government in Great Britain;” “Municipal Government in Continental Europe;” a “History of the Spanish-American War;” “History of the United States from the Civil War to the Close of the Nineteenth Century.” Dr. Shaw is a member of the American Economic Association, American Antiquarian Society, a fellow of the American Statistical Society and the New York Academy of Political Science. The Outlook says:
“Dr. Shaw has a catholicity of feeling and knowledge which very few Americans possess … and is one of the few journalists in this country who treat their work from the professional standpoint, who are thoroughly equipped for it and who regard themselves as standing in a responsible relation to a great and intelligent public.”
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Alfred Hebard

​ ALFRED HEBARD was born in Windham, Connecticut, May 10, 1811. He graduated at Yale College in 1832 and became a civil engineer. After a few years of teaching he came to the west and settled on a farm near Burlington, then in Wisconsin Territory, in 1837. In 1842 he served on a commission appointed by Governor Chambers to adjust the claims of traders amounting to $250,000, against the Sac and Fox Indians. Mr. Hebard built the first bridge on the military road opened from Burlington to the Indian Agency on the Des Moines River. He was elected to the Territorial Legislature in 1840 and was twice reëlected, serving in the Third, Fourth and Sixth Legislative Assemblies, taking a prominent part in framing laws for the new Territory of Iowa. In 1846 he was elected to the First General Assembly of the State, serving at the regular and extra sessions. In 1856 Mr. Hebard made a survey for the Burlington & Missouri Railroad from river to river. While on the survey he selected and purchased a large tract of land in Montgomery County where the town of Red Oak was afterwards laid out. He made his home on a fine farm near the town. During the Civil War Mr. Hebard was employed by the Government in building railroad bridges in the south as the Union armies advanced. He was a life-long Democrat and died September 21, 1890.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Albert R. Anderson

​ ALBERT R. ANDERSON was born in Adams County, Ohio, November 8, 1837. He attained prominence in his native State before removing to Taylor County, Iowa, in 1857. There he studied law and was admitted to the bar, soon after removing to Clarinda where he enlisted at the beginning of the Civil War in the Fourth Iowa Infantry. He won rapid promotion, being commissioned first lieutenant for gallant service at the Battle of Pea Ridge, became captain during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant Adjutant-General during the Atlanta campaign. Mr. Anderson reached the rank of major before the close of the war. Upon returning to Iowa after peace was established, he became a resident of Fremont County and was soon appointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fifth Congressional District. In 1881 he was appointed Railroad Commissioner, serving until 1884. In 1886 he was elected Representative in Congress as an independent Republican. He died at Hot Springs, South Dakota, November 17, 1898.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Alfred N. Hobson

[Yours Very Truly, A. N. Hobson]
​ ALFRED N. HOBSON is a native of Pennsylvania, having been born in Allegheny City, April 1, 1848. His father removed his family to Iowa in 1855, settling in Fayette County. Alfred N. was educated at Upper Iowa University and at the State University. He studied law with his father and Hon. L. L. Ainsworth at West Union. He spent three years in the office of the Assessor of Internal Revenue, and later entered into partnership with L. L. Ainsworth in the practice of law. He was mayor of West Union in 1882. In 1894 he was elected judge of the Thirteenth Judicial District consisting of the counties of Allamakee, Chickasaw, Clayton, Fayette, Howard and Winneshiek and was reëlected in 1893 and again in 1902. His term will expire in 1906.
# In Bohemia/Poet and Lord

POET AND LORD.
God makes a poet: touches soul and sight,
And lips and heart, and sends him forth to sing;
His fellows hearing, own the true birthright,
And crown him daily with the love they bring.
The king a lord makes, by a parchment leaf;
Though heart be withered, and though sight be dim
With dullard brain and soul of disbelief—
Ay, even so; he makes a lord of him.
What, then, of one divinely kissed and sent
To fill the people with ideal words.
Who with his poet's crown is discontent.
And begs a parchment title with the lords?
# In Bohemia/Silence, Not Death

SILENCE, NOT DEATH.
I start! I have slept for a moment;
I have dreamt, sitting here by her chair—
Oh, how lonely! What was it that touched me?
What presence, what heaven-sent air?
It was nothing, you say. But I tremble;
I heard her, I knew she was near— Felt her breath, felt her cheek on my forehead—
Awake or asleep, she was here!
It was nothing—a dream? Strike that harp-string;
Again—still again—till it cries
In its uttermost treble—still strike it—
Ha? vibrant but silent! It dies—
It dies, just as she died. Go, listen—
That highest vibration is dumb.
Your sense, friend, too soon finds a limit
And answer, when mysteries come.
Truth speaks in the senseless, the spirit;
But here in this palpable part
We sound the low notes, but are silent
To music sublimed in the heart.
Too few and too gross our dull senses,
And clogged with the mire of the road,
Till we loathe their coarse bondage; as seabirds
Encaged on a cliff, look abroad
On the ocean and limitless heaven.
Alight with the beautiful stars.
And hear what they say, not the creakings
That rise from our sensual bars.
O life, let me dream, let her presence
Be near me, her fragrance, her breath;
Let me sleep, if in slumber the seeking;
Sleep on, if the finding be death.
# In Bohemia/An Old Vagabond

AN OLD VAGABOND.
He was old and alone, and he sat on a stone to rest for awhile from the road;
His beard was white, and his eye was bright, and his wrinkles overflowed
With a mild content at the way life went; and I closed the book on my knee:
"I will venture a look in this living book," I thought, as he greeted me.
And I said : "My friend, have you time to spend to tell me what makes you glad?"
"Oh, ay, my lad," with a smile; "I'm glad that I'm old, yet am never sad!"
"But why?" said I; and his merry eye made answer as much as his tongue;
"Because," said he, "I am poor and free who was rich and a slave when young.
There is naught but age can allay the rage of the passions that rule men's lives;
And a man to be free must a poor man be, for unhappy is he who thrives:
He fears for his ventures, his rents and debentures, his crops, and his son, and his wife;
His dignity's slighted when he's not invited; he fears every day of his life.
But the man who is poor, and by age has grown sure that there are no surprises in years.
Who knows that to have is no joy, nor to save, and who opens his eyes and his ears
To the world as it is, and the part of it his, and who says: They are happy, these birds.
Yet they live day by day in improvident way—improvident? What were the words
Of the Teacher who taught that the field-lilies brought the lesson of life to a man?
Can we better the thing that is schoolless, or sing more of love than the nightingale can?
See that rabbit — what feature in that pretty creature needs science or culture or care?
Send this dog to a college and stuff him with knowledge, will it add to the warmth of his hair?
Why should mankind, apart, turn from Nature to Art, and declare the exchange better-planned?
I prefer to trust God for my living than plod for my bread at a master's hand.
A man's higher being is knowing and seeing, not having and toiling for more;
In the senses and soul is the joy of control, not in pride or luxurious store.
Yet my needs are the same as the kingling's whose name is a terror to thousands: some bread,
Some water and milk,—I can do without silk,—some wool, and a roof for my head.
What more is possest that will stand the grim test of death's verdict? What riches remain
To give joy at the last, all the vanities past?—Ay, ay, that's the word—they are vain
And vexatious of spirit to all who inherit belief in the world and its ways.
And so, old and alone, sitting here on a stone, I smile with the birds at the days."
And I thanked him, and went to my study, head bent, where I laid down my book on its shelf;
And that day all the page that I read was my age, and my wants, and my joys, and myself.
# In Bohemia/Grant—1885

GRANT—1885.
Blessed are Pain, the smiter,
And Sorrow, the uniter!
For one afflicted lies—
A symboled sacrifice—
And all our rancor dies!
No North, no South! O stern-faced Chief,
One weeping ours, one cowléd Grief—
Thy Country—bowed in prayer and tear—
For North and South—above thy bier!
For North and South! Soldier grim,
The broken ones to weep for him
Who broke them! He whose terrors blazed
In smoking harvests, cities razed;
Whose Fate-like glance sent fear and chill;
Whose wordless lips spake deathless will—
Till all was shattered, all was lost—
All hands dropped down—all War's red cost
Laid there in ashes—Hope and Hate
And Shame and Glory!
Death and Fate
Fall back! Another touch is thine;
He drank not of thy poisoned wine,
Nor blindly met thy blind-thrown lance,
Nor died for sightless time or chance—
But waited, suffered, bowed and tried,
Till all the dross was purified;
Till every well of hate was dried;
And North and South in sorrow vied,
And then—at God's own calling—died!
# In Bohemia/Midnight—September 19, 1881

MIDNIGHT—SEPTEMBER 19, 1881.
Once in a lifetime, we may see the veil
Tremble and lift, that hides symbolic things;
The Spirit's vision, when the senses fail.
Sweeps the weird meaning that the outlook brings.
Deep in the midst of turmoil, it may be—
A crowded street, a forum, or a field,—
The soul inverts the telescope to see
To-day's event in future's years revealed.
Back from the present, let us look at Rome:
Behold, what Cato meant, what Brutus said.
Hark! the Athenians welcome Cimon home!
How clear they are those glimpses of the dead!
But we, hard toilers, we who plan and weave
Through common days the web of common life,
What word, alas! shall teach us to receive
The mystic meaning of our peace and strife?
Whence comes our symbol? Surely, God must speak—
No less than He can make us heed or pause:
Self-seekers we, too busy or too weak
To search beyond our daily lives and laws.
From things occult our earth-turned eyes rebel;
No sound of Destiny can reach our ears;
We have no time for dreaming Hark! a knell— A knell at midnight! All the nation hears!
A second grievous throb! The dreamers wake—
The merchant's soul forgets his goods and ships;
The weary workmen from their slumbers break;
The women raise their eyes with quivering lips;
The miner rests upon his pick to hear;
The printer's type stops midway from the case;
The solemn sound has reached the roysterer's ear,
And brought the shame and sorrow to his face.
Again it booms! O Mystic Veil, upraise!
—Behold, 'tis lifted? On the darkness drawn,
A picture lined with light! The people's gaze,
From sea to sea, beholds it till the dawn!
A death-bed scene—a sinking sufferer lies.
Their chosen ruler, crowned with love and pride;
Around, his counsellors, with streaming eyes;
His wife, heart-broken, kneeling by his side:
Death's shadow holds her—it will pass too soon;
She weeps in silence—bitterest of tears;
He wanders softly—Nature's kindest boon;
And as he murmurs, all the country hears:
For him the pain is past, the struggle ends;
His cares and honors fade—his younger life
In peaceful Mentor comes, with dear old friends;
His mother's arms take home his dear young wife.
He stands among the students, tall and strong.
And teaches truths republican and grand;
He moves—ah, pitiful—he sweeps along
O'er fields of carnage leading his command!
He speaks to crowded faces—round him surge
Thousands and millions of excited men:
He hears them cheer—sees some vast light emerge—
Is borne as on a tempest—then——ah, then,
The fancies fade, the fever's work is past;
A deepened pang, then recollection's thrill;
He feels the faithful lips that kiss their last.
His heart beats once in answer, and is still!
The curtain falls: but hushed, as if afraid,
The people wait, tear-stained, with heaving breast;
'Twill rise again, they know, when he is laid
With Freedom, in the Capitol, at rest.
# In Bohemia/Distance

DISTANCE.
The world is large, when its weary leagues two loving hearts divide;
But the world is small, when your enemy is loose on the other side.