# English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular Or Spoken Language of Swatow/D

dabble, in water, mak-tsúi; sn̍g-tsúi. learn superficially, ēng m̄-kàu-kang; chhién-ha̍k; tshó-lia̍k pat-lân-ló.
dagger, tó-kiàm.
daily, ji̍t-ji̍t; múeⁿ-ji̍t; pâi-ji̍t; siêⁿ-ji̍t; che̍k-ji̍t kùe-che̍k-ji̍t. to make daily progress, ji̍t kìⁿ-ji̍t-chìn.
dainties, tien-siu peh-bī.
dam, water, tsúi-tsa̍h. to dam, tsoh-toi.
damage, hāi; hāi--tie̍h; hùi-hāi; hām-hāi; mue̍h-tiāu; sún-hāi; sún--tie̍h; sieⁿ-sún. damaged goods, tie̍h-tsúi-hùe. damaged in ship's hold, ù--tie̍h pũn-tói; tsṳ̀--tie̍h pũn-tói.
damask, tōa-hue-tn̄g.
dame, ke-bó; lãu-bó; a-náiⁿ; a-niêⁿ.
damp, ip-chi̍p; tâm; tâm-sip; lùn-lùn; tâm-lùn. dampness, sip-khì.
damsel, kui-nn̍g; tsṳ-niêⁿ-kiáⁿ; a-niêⁿ-kiáⁿ; chhim-kui nn̍g-tsṳ́.
dance, thiàu-bú (and gesticulate).
dandle, õng (up and down); phõ-tõ-iê (sideways).
dandruff, thâu-khiú.
danger, hong-hiám; huang-hiám; ngûi-hiám. come into danger, lîm-ngûi; hiám-hiám-hāi; lím-lím-hāi. dangerous person, lĩ-hāi; iá.
dangle, iâu-tõng; tín-tãng. dangling down, sûi-lo̍h.
dare, káⁿ; káⁿ-tsò káⁿ-ûi; m̄-phàⁿ seⁿ-sí. how dare? tsò-káⁿ? tsò-káⁿ-tng? I daresay, káⁿ-sĩ. daring, ũ-táⁿ; ióng-káⁿ; ũ-táⁿ-liãng.
dark, àm; ou-àm. it is getting dark, ji̍t àiⁿ-àm; ji̍t àm. dark night, mêⁿ ou-àm. dark moonless night, gue̍h-àm-mêⁿ. dark clouds, ou-hûn. dark mind, sim àm. colour, chhim-sek. dark complexion, mīn-sek ou.
darling, my, uá-kâi-ne̍k; uá-kâi sim-kuaⁿ; uá-kâi-miāⁿ; sieh-ne̍k; sieh-miāⁿ-miāⁿ.
dart, tó-chhieⁿ. throw, sái-tó-chhieⁿ. to dart out, huh--chē-kiè tshut--lâi; thuh--chē-kiè tshut--lâi.
dash, against, tsuãng--tie̍h. dash to pieces, tsuãng-phùa; tsuãng-hāi. on the ground, kuàn--lo̍h-khṳ̀; sek-tõ-tī. dash in the face, tsuah i-kâi-mīn; phuah i-kâi-mīn. dash out writing, tiám-tiāu-jī.
​dastard, bô-táⁿ; tò-thò-táⁿ; táⁿ khiap; bun-táⁿ.
date, ji̍t-chí; nîⁿ-ji̍t. to date a letter, siá-ji̍t-chí.
date, fruit, tsó; pe̍h-tsó; âng-tsó; ou-tsó. dried, tsó-kuaⁿ.
daub, with mud, kôu-thôu. writing, tôu-buah; tôu-tiāu; buah-tiāu; tiám-tiāu.
daughter, tsṳ-niêⁿ-kiáⁿ; tsáu-kiáⁿ; nn̍g-tsṳ́. your daughter (polite), lẽng-ài; tshoiⁿ-kim. my daughter (polite), sié-nn̍g. in law, sim-pũ. daughter's husband, kiáⁿ-sài. daughter's chidren, gūa-sun. his daughter is betrothed, i kâi tsṳ-niêⁿ-kiáⁿ íⁿ-keng tsò-sêng--liáu. marry one's d. to anyone, tsṳ-niêⁿ-kiáⁿ kè--pun-nâng.
daunt, phièn-nâng-kiaⁿ; heh; kiaⁿ-heh; heh-kiaⁿ.
dawn, thiⁿ kng; tang-pôiⁿ pe̍h; tang-pôiⁿ tsò-sek; thiⁿ lâ-lân; thiⁿ lâ-lân-kng.
day, ji̍t; thiⁿ. first day of month, chhiu-it. 15th day, tsa̍p-ngõu. another day, ẽ-ji̍t; ãu-ji̍t. every, ji̍t-ji̍t; múeⁿ-ji̍t; siêⁿ-ji̍t; pâi-ji̍t. day and night, ji̍t-mêⁿ. all day, tsong-ji̍t; thàng-ji̍t. day before yesterday, tso̍h--ji̍t. one day earlier still, tōa-tso̍h--ji̍t. day after tomorrow, ãu--ji̍t. today, kim-ji̍t; kiáⁿ-ji̍t; hīn-ji̍t; pn̍g-ji̍t. day by day, che̍k-ji̍t kùe-che̍k-ji̍t; liên-ji̍t. to make progress day by day, che̍k-ji̍t kìⁿ-ji̍t-chìn. to wait day after day, che̍k-ji̍t mōⁿ-che̍k-ji̍t. day-time, ji̍t--kan; ji̍t--kùa; pe̍h-ji̍t--kan; ji̍t--tsṳ́. several days, kúi-ji̍t; sù-ji̍t; kúi-uã-ji̍t. within these few days, chí-kṳ̃n-ji̍t; chí-kṳ̃n-ji̍t-lãi. day-labour, lũn-ji̍t-kang. day-book, ji̍t-to̍k-phõu. day-break, see dawn. to select a lucky day, thóiⁿ-ji̍t; to̍h-ji̍t; suán-ji̍t; pua̍h-ji̍t. lucky day, kit-ji̍t; siãng-ji̍t. unlucky, hiong-ji̍t. good-day! hó-ngõ (at meeting)! chhiaⁿ (at parting)!
dazzle, ji̍t-kuang iàng-ma̍k; kng chhiēⁿ-ma̍k. the lamp-light dazzling the eyes, teng-kng chhiēⁿ-ma̍k. dazzling, tāng-tāng-kng; ia̍p-ia̍p-sih.
deacon, chip-sṳ̄.
dead, sí. man, sí-nâng. body, sin-si; si-hâi; si-siú. he is dead, kùe-sì--liáu; sî-sì--liáu; sí--khṳ̀. dead tree, chhiū kou-ta. dead drunk, tsùi kàu--mîⁿ-mîⁿ; tsùi kàu hun-hun mîⁿ-mîⁿ. among the dead, im--kan; àm--thâu. deadly poison, ta̍k; ta̍k-sí-nâng. deadly hatred, put-kāng tài-thiⁿ kâi-chhiû.
deaf, hĩⁿ lâng. slightly, hĩⁿ se-su-kiáⁿ-lâng. deafening, ​hĩⁿ-khang-kúi ōng-ōng-kiè. pretend to be deaf and dumb, tèⁿ-lâng tèⁿ-é; tsuang-lâng tsuang-é; tèⁿ-tsò thiaⁿ-m̄-kìⁿ; tèⁿ-lâng tèⁿ-sat.
deal, trade, bói-bōi; tsò-seng-lí; kau-e̍k; kau-kuan. a good deal, hoh-tsōi. deal well with any one, hó-khúan-thãi; kãu-thãi. a deal board, che̍k-kò-pang; che̍k-phièn-pang; che̍k-liàm-pang.
dear, expensive, kùi; ta̍t-chîⁿ; kau-kè; kûiⁿ-kè. dear friend, siãng-hó kâi-phêng-iú; sim-pak kâi-phêng-iú; ti-kí kâi-phêng-iú; ti-sim kâi-phêng-iú.
dearth, ki-hng; bí kùi; nîⁿ--tang m̄-hó.
death, sí. life and death are decreed, seⁿ-sí ũ-mẽng. near death, lîm-tsong; kṳ̃n-sí; chiang-sí; chiang-kṳ̃n àiⁿ-sí; lîm-sí. on one's deathbed, tó-tshn̂g. death-like, chhin-chhiẽⁿ sí-nâng kâi-iēⁿ.
debar, kìm-chí; kìm-kài; tsó-chí; m̄-tsún; put-hṳ́.
debark, chiẽⁿ-suaⁿ; khí-tsúi; chiẽⁿ-tsúi.
debase, oneself, tshap-ji̍p hiã-liû; kàng-lo̍h hiã-liû; u-tsūaⁿ hiã-liû.
debate, ngí-lũn; piẽn-lũn; piẽn-poh. in one's own mind, pheⁿ-phah; chim-chiak; tsham-siâng.
debauch, tiam-u; îm nâng chhi-nn̍g; îm nâng bóu-kiáⁿ.
debauchee, chiú-sek tsṳ-thû. debauchery, chia̍h-pua̍h-phiâu.
debility, hṳ-jia̍k; nn̍g-jia̍k; khùn-jia̍k; hṳ-khùn; sin-hūn phàⁿ; hueh-khì put-tsok; hueh-khì sue-jia̍k.
debt, chè; chîⁿ-chè. to be in debt, khiàm-chîⁿ; khiàm-chè; khiàm-siàu. to pay debts, hôiⁿ-chè; hôiⁿ--nâng. debtor and creditor, chè-kiáⁿ chè-tsú. collect debts, thó-siàu. absconding debtor, tô-chè; pī-chè; tsáu-chè. bad debts, phàⁿ-siàu.
decade, sûn. first 10 days of month, tsho-sûn; chhiu--sûn; second ditto, tong-sûn; tsa̍p--sûn. third ditto, hiã-sûn; ji̍h--sûn.
decalogue, tsa̍p-tiâu-kài.
decamp, chhien-iâⁿ; î-iâⁿ; súa-iâⁿ. run away, tô-tsáu; thau-tsáu.
decanter, po-lî-tsun, po-lî-kùan.
decapitate, thâi-thâu; tsám-thâu; tsám-siú; tshú-tsám.
decay, sue; sue-mûiⁿ. rot, àu; àu-tshàu. decayed tooth, tsù-khí.
​decease, kùe-sì; kùe-sin. deceased parents, kháu-pí. my deceased father, lẽng-soiⁿ-kháu; lẽng-soiⁿ-tsun.
deceit, kan-tsà; khũi-kòi; kan-kòi; khũi-phièn; kuang-phièn; tshuah (in trade). deception, ké-sṳ̄; mûaⁿ-mâng-ma̍k; iám-sek.
decency, ha̍h-lí; ha̍h-sek. decent, hiáu-lí.
decide, kuat-tùan; tiāⁿ-tie̍h; tsú-ì; li̍p-tiāⁿ tsú-ì. decided, kuat-ì; che̍k-kuat; kuat-tùan; ũ-tsú-ì; ũ-tsú-kièn; ũ-tiāⁿ-kièn; ũ-pá-thî. legal decision, kuat-tùan ùaⁿ-kiãⁿ.
decimate, tsa̍p-hūn thiu-che̍k.
deck, ship's, tsûn-mīn; pũn-mīn. adorn, siu-tsuang; tá-pàn; tsuang-sek; tsuang-tshái; pái-tshái; tsuang-pái. see decorate.
declaration, official, hiáu-zũ; kò-sī.
declare, káng-mêng; tàⁿ-mêng-pe̍h.
decline, sun to West, ji̍t siâ-sai. grow weaker, sue-mûiⁿ; khuaⁿ-khuaⁿ sue-jia̍k. refuse, m̄-tsún; tho-khui; tho-sî; m̄-ngũan; put-hṳ́. invitation, chhiáⁿ-sî; sî-siā; kiong-sî-siā. a present, piah-siā. receiving visitors, sî-m̄-kìⁿ; sî-m̄-kìⁿ-mīn; tho-m̄-tõ (not "at home").
declivity, pho-lo-sia.
decoct, pû-ie̍h; chien-ie̍h. decoction, ie̍h-thng; ie̍h-tê.
decorate, tá-pàn; siu-tsuang; siu-si̍p phâi-chhiâng; siu-si̍p hó-thóiⁿ; siu-si̍p-ngiá; siu-si̍p kuang-tshái; iām-lĩ. see deck.
decorous, tuan-chiàⁿ; hẽng-chí tuan-chiàⁿ; ũ-thí-mīn. decorum, lói-ngî; kui-kṳ́.
decoy, ín-iú; iú-ho̍k, phièn nâng ji̍p-io̍k; iú-phièn. decoy-bird, chiáu-bûe. see abduct.
decrease, húan-kiám; chiãm-chiãm-kiám; siau-si̍h; sue-mûiⁿ.
decree, mẽng-lẽng. Emperor's. siãng-zũ. heaven's, thien-mẽng. issue a decree, tshut-zũ; thûan-mẽng.
decrepit, khì-hueh sue; kiu tsò-che̍k-tu; sok tsò-che̍k-pé.
dedicate, hõng; kèng-hõng. an idol, an-sîn; uaⁿ-sîn; uaⁿ-sîn-ūi; an-kham.
deduce, tshui-lũn; tshui zṳ̂-lũn--tsṳ.
deduct, khà-tṳ̂; khà-kiám; tṳ̂-kiám.
deed, action, sṳ̄; hêng-ûi; kiâⁿ-sṳ̄. written, khòi.
deem, siẽⁿ. to deem it insufficient, thóiⁿ-tsò m̄-kàu; íⁿ-ûi put-tsok.
​deep, chhim; chhim-tîm. the deep, chhim-uan; chhim-thâm. deep thought, chhim-sṳ; chhim-siẽⁿ. deep colour, chhim-sek; sek-esúi chhim. dig deep, liú-chhim. deeply learned, ha̍k-mn̄g chhim; tsṳ-lí chhim. deep voise, siaⁿ lô-lô; tàⁿ-ūe o-o-kiè. deeply absorbed in anything, ji̍p-sîn. a deep and dangerous fellow, im-thim-hāi.
deer, te̍k. sinews, te̍k-kṳn. horns, te̍k-zông. musk-deer, siā-káu.
deface, mue̍h-tiāu; tôu-tiāu; buah-tiāu; kôu-tiāu.
defalcation, khui-khòng; sái-khòng.
defamation, pù-lũ; húiⁿ-pãng; bû-lūa; u nâng miâⁿ-sek.
default, sit-tshò; kùe-sit; khiàm-khueh; tshò-gōu; khueh-hua̍t.
defeat, to, phùa-te̍k; thâi-iâⁿ. chièn-iâⁿ; phah-iâⁿ; phah-pāi; chièn-sèng. to be defeated, pāi-tīn; phah-pāi; pāi-tsáu; thâi-su; chièn-su. defeat a plot, phùa-kòi.
defect, khiàm-khueh; khueh; tsua̍h; m̄-kàu. supply a defect, póu-khueh. defective, m̄-kàu; m̄-tshûan; m̄-ka-nn̂g; m̄-uân-tshûan; m̄-tsâu; m̄-kàu-kâi; khih che̍k-kó; ũ-khueh--tshù.
defection, pũe-iâⁿ. from religion, pũe-tãu.
defence, before magistrate, sù; sù-tsn̄g; sù-uan-tsn̄g; sù-uan-lo̍k; sù-tiâⁿ.
defend, thî-hûang; hûang-siú; pó-hũ; pó-iũ; chiàu-kù.
defendant, pĩ-kò. plaintiff and defendant, ngûan-kò, pĩ-kò.
defer, în-tîⁿ; chhî-mān; hûa-thûa; ûa-thûa; tam-tûa; tam-koh; thû-mān; iên-kú; iên-chhî.
defer, to any one, tsun-jiãng--i. deference, khiam-jiãng; kèng-sim.
defile, jiám-u; hú--tie̍h nahⁿ-sap. a woman, tiam-u; u-ùe. a defile, ài-kháu. important pass, hiám-ài; iàu-ài.
define, kói-mêng; hun-mêng; thiah-mêng.
deflower, khiâng-kan; tiam-u; u-ùe.
deformed, m̄-chiâⁿ-iēⁿ; m̄-chiâⁿ nâng-hêng; phùa-sièⁿ.
defray, expenses, tshut-só-hùi.
defraud, khi-phièn.
defy, thok-chièn; kek-chièn; iú-chièn; jiá-chièn; thie-chièn.
degenerate, times, hong-so̍k pí-soiⁿ m̄-tâng. children, put-siàu-tsṳ́; put-siàu kiáⁿ-tĩ.
degrade, officially, kàng-khip. three degrees, ​kàng-saⁿ-khip. without dismissal, khṳ̍-cheh lâu-jīm. entirely, thut-cheh; le̍h-cheh.
degree, téng; téng-khip; pín-khip. to have a degree, ũ-kong-miâⁿ. to get the 1st literary degree, ji̍p-o̍h; ji̍p-siù-tsâi. the 2nd, tèng-kṳ́-jîn. the 3rd, tèng-chìn-sṳ̃. the 4th, tiám-hân-lîm. a purchased degree, kàm-seng. to buy such, kiẽn-kàm-seng. a graduate by competition, chiàⁿ-thû; chiàⁿ-lōu. a graduate by purchase, phien-thû; ĩ-lōu. degrees of relationship, káu-tso̍k; ngóu-ho̍k; chhin-so. by degrees, chiãm-chiãm; che̍k-tsâng che̍k-tsâng; che̍k-tsãm che̍k-tsãm.
deify, hong-ûi-sîn; kèng zû-sîn-mêng.
deities, known by the Chinese, Siãng-tì; thiⁿ-kong; sîn-mêng; kúi-sîn; lãu-iâ; phû-sat.
deign, sûi-kù; hiã-kù.
dejected, sim sng; hûan-ló; tshau-sim peh-tn̂g.
delay, în-tîⁿ; tam-koh; thû-mān; chhî-mān; chhî-iẽn; tau-lâu; koh-mān; tam-mān.
delectable, khó-ài; khó-hí; zû-ì; thiàng-ì.
delegate, chhe-sái; chhe-úi. a delegate, úi-uân; sài; sài-chiá.
deliberate, to, siang-liâng; kàu-niêⁿ; chim-chiak; ngí-lũn; siang-ngí; kà-lũn; tsham-siâng; hũe-ngí; sn̍g-lâi sn̍g-khṳ̍; siẽⁿ-kâi siẽⁿ-khṳ̍; pí-kâi pí-khṳ̍; chiak-ngí.
deliberately, soiⁿ sṳ, ãu kiâⁿ; ũ-ì; li̍p-ì; tshut-tõ ũ-ì.
delicate, jiû-nn̍g. in health, sin-hūn phàⁿ; sin-hūn lám; sin-thói jia̍k; khì-thói jia̍k. neat, kiau-kiah. fine, iùⁿ-sòi; cheng-mûiⁿ. fastidious, tiau-khiâu-chia̍h. in taste and flavour, bī-sòu hó-tsãi; iũ-tiâm iũ-phang. delicacies, tien-bī; peh-bī; tien-siu peh-pī; suaⁿ-tien hái-bī.
delight, huaⁿ-hí; khùai-la̍k. delight in, hàuⁿ; zua̍t. delightful, khó-hí; hó-zua̍t-ma̍k; hó-khai-huâi; tshù-bī. delighted, sóng-khùai; suáng-khùai; khùai-thiàng; thiàng-ì.
delineate, ūe-hêng-tôu; ūe-tôu; phah-kó.
delinquent, hũam-jîn; tsũe-jîn.
delirious, kông; kông-kông; hun-kông; m̄-tsai-nâng; put-tsai nâng-sṳ̄; hũn-tàⁿ; thèng-tàⁿ-ūe; sim hũn; kông-tien kông-tien.
deliver, kiù; chín-kiù; kiù-iẽn; kiù-tshut; khan-kiù; kiù-tsõ. over, kau; kau-hôiⁿ; kau-hù; kòi-sàng. up, ​kiáu; kiáu-hôiⁿ; hõng-hôiⁿ; kau-hûe; khie̍h tn̍g-lâi-hôiⁿ; khie̍h-hôiⁿ. an order, thûan-mẽng. deliver up oneself, ka-kī tshut--lâi jīn-tsũe; ka-kī sàng-ka-kī. be delivered of a child, seⁿ-kiáⁿ; a-nôuⁿ tshut-sì.
delude, mîⁿ-ho̍k; iú-ho̍k; mûaⁿ-phièn. delusion, àm-mũeⁿ.
deluge, âng-tsúi; tōa-tsúi.
delve, ku̍t-thôu; liú-thôu.
demand, tshūe-nâng-thó; tshūe-nâng-khie̍h. back, thó-tn̍g. money, thó-chîⁿ; thó-siàu. restitution, thó-pûe.
demeanour, thí-thài; nâng-khuán; khuán-sek; hêng-ûi; kṳ́-tõng; kiâⁿ-ûi; khì-siãng; hêng-siãng.
demolish, hùi-hāi; hùi-hũai; pāi-hāi; húiⁿ-tiāu; thiah-tiāu; phùa-liáu-liáu. a village, as a punishment, tshau-húiⁿ.
demon, kúi; iau-chiaⁿ; kúi-kùai; siâ-mue̍h; iau-siâ.
demoniac, ũ-kúi; hũam-tie̍h-kúi; pun-kúi tùe--tie̍h.
demonstrate, piáu-mêng; chèng-mêng; tshui-lũn mêng-pe̍h; chèng-si̍t; chèng-kàu-si̍t; chèng-tie̍h-si̍t.
demur, chhî-iẽn. have scruples, gî; hû-gî; chhî-gî; gî-tshai; tshai-gî.
den, suaⁿ-khang; suaⁿ-tāng; suaⁿ-hua̍t.
denizen, pn̍g-tī-nâng; pn̍g-chiã.
Denmark, N̂g-kî-kok.
denominate, kiè-miâⁿ; kiè--tsò; chheng-hu; chheng--tsò; hãu--tsò. denomination, miâⁿ-hō; hō.
denote, chí; chí-mêng.
dense, ba̍t; tsa̍t; tōiⁿ; chiu-ba̍t. population, nâng ba̍t-tsa̍t; ba̍t-ba̍t. texture, pòu iùⁿ-ba̍t; cheng-ba̍t; sòi-ba̍t; ba̍t-tsa̍t-tōiⁿ. foliage, chhiū-hie̍h ba̍t-tsa̍t; im-im; mõng-ba̍t; im-ba̍t.
dent, thap; phah-thap; cheng-bih; pua̍h-bih; pua̍h-nap-uh; cheng-nap-uh.
denude, thn̍g-tiāu saⁿ-khòu; hien-tiāu.
deny, à; à-bô; m̃-jīn. refuse, m̃-tsún.
depart, khṳ̀; lī; lī-khui; lī-pie̍t. this life, kùe-sì; sī-sì; kùe-khṳ̀; tsò-kóu-nâng--liáu; tsak-kóu; sien-iû; lãu--khṳ̀-liáu; sin-kù.
department, of territory, chiu; hú; kūiⁿ. one's duty, sin-hūn; cheh-hūn; pn̍g-hūn; hūn-lãi.
depend, on, kõu; íⁿ-kõu; íⁿ-nãiⁿ; úa; khùa-chiãng; khùa-pn̄g; tit-pn̄g; úa-kõu. it depends on you, tõ-lṳ́ tsú-ì.
​deplore, pui-ai; khàu; hûan-ló. deplorable, khó-sieh; khó-thiàⁿ; khó-siang.
deposition, kháu-keng.
depopulate, thâi-nâng chĩn-chĩn. depopulated, phau-hng.
deportment, hêng-ûi; pín-hẽng; thí-thài.
depose, keh-cheh; thut-cheh; keh-khṳ̀ cheh-jĩm. from throne, hùi-kun.
deposit, pàng; thoh. with any one, tah--nâng khn̍g; thoh--nâng. in Bank at interest, pàng-siàu seⁿ-sek.
depraved, siâ; siâ-phiah; put-siàu.
deprecate, khiû-sià; khiû-mién; koh-lô i màiⁿ-khì.
depreciate, thóiⁿ m̄-chiẽⁿ-ma̍k; hiâm; bô-mih-tshú.
depredation, chhiéⁿ-kiap.
depress, teh; teh--lo̍h-khṳ̀; khiâng-iap nâng-mue̍h. mental depression, huân-sim; huân-ló-pēⁿ.
deprive, of, to̍h--khṳ̀; to̍h-tńg. of office, keh-cheh; khṳ́-kuaⁿ; tiah-ìn; tiah-téng. of degree, khṳ́-tiāu kong-miâⁿ.
depth, chhim; chhim-thâm. what depth? jie̍h-chhim?
depute, úi; chhe-khién; sái. deputy, úi-uân; thòi-phōiⁿ.
derange, hũn-luãn; hũn-tsa̍p; jiáu-tsa̍p; kiáu-jiáu; zṳ́-luãn; zṳ́-hũn. deranged, zṳ̂; zṳ̂-luãn. all in disorder, zṳ̂ kàu tshap-tshap-tshùi. in mind, kông; siáu; sim īn-tiāⁿ; sim hũn; sim lũan; sim hũn-luãn.
dereliction, khì-tso̍h; khì-tiāu. of duty, bô-chĩn pńg-hūn.
deride, ki-chhiáu; né-chhiè.
derivation, só-iû-lâi; só-tshông-tshut.
derogate, húiⁿ-pãng; tsàm-tsǹg.
descend, kàng-hiã; kàng-lîm; lîm-lo̍h; kàmg-lo̍h; lo̍h; hiã.
descendant, ãu-ĩ; miâuⁿ-ĩ; tsṳ́-sun; kiáⁿ-sun; ãu-sṳ̂.
describe, chí-mêng; sueh-mêng. an occurrence, o̍h pun-nâng-thiaⁿ. general description, tsóng-lũn. every description, kak-sek; kak-iēⁿ; kak-hō.
desert, khuàng-iá; suaⁿ-iá; pou-iá; hng-pou; tsháu-iá; phau-hng.
desert, to, khì-tso̍h; pàng-tiāu; khì-tiāu. an army, tô-kun; tsáu-kun; pī-kun. in face of the enemy, lîm-tīn kũ-phàⁿ; lîm-tīn thò-sok.
​deserve, eng-kai; kham-kai. death, kai-sí. deserving, ũ-kong; kham-kai-tit.
desiccate, khùa-ta; pha̍k-ta (in the sun); lā-ta (in the wind); sài-ta; sài-kang.
design, ì-sṳ̀; kòi-mông. with design, kù-ì; ũ-ì; tsuan-àiⁿ. evil, siâ-mông. pattern, thói-sek; iēⁿ; môⁿ-iēⁿ.
desire, àiⁿ; ngũan. evil desires, sṳ-io̍h. desirable, khó-mōⁿ. having a strong desive to do a thing, ũ-hèng-ì; ũ-hèng-hũe; ũ-hèng-thâu; ũ-chhêng-hèng. the desire for home is like an arrow, kui-sim sṳ̃-chìⁿ.
desist, hiah; thêng-sek; pàng-chhiú; màiⁿ.
desk, tshn̂g-kūiⁿ.
desolate, place, néⁿ-lo̍h; sok-mo̍k. person, kou-to̍k; kou-toaⁿ; kou-kúa.
despair, sit-mōⁿ; tso̍h-mōⁿ; bô-hi-mōⁿ; bô-mōⁿ; mín-mōⁿ.
despatch, a messenger, sái-i-khṳ̀. despatch a letter, kià-tsṳ; kià-sìn; huat-tsṳ. a despatch, bûn-tsṳ; kong-bûn. to send a despatch, kiâⁿ-bûn; kiâⁿ-bún-tsṳ. with all despatch, méⁿ-méⁿ; chhiet-chhiet.
desperado, mùiⁿ-siⁿ mùiⁿ-sí; m̄-kù seⁿ-sí; mùiⁿ-sí-ua̍h; mãuⁿ-miâⁿ; mãuⁿ-sí.
desperate, bô-kò hó-kiù. not afraid of infection, evil influence, &c, bô-kìm bô-kĩ.
despise, thóiⁿ-khin; khin-hut; miáu-sĩ; lia̍h-tsūaⁿ; lia̍h-khin. despicable, hiã-liû; hiã-tsūaⁿ; thóiⁿ-m̄-tõ-ma̍k.
despiteful, hiong-ak; ak-ta̍k; khi-hũ bũan-thãi.
despoil, chhiéⁿ-kiap; chhiéⁿ-pak.
despond, sit-mōⁿ; sit-chì.
despot, pà-tsú. despotism, pà-tãu. despotic, pãu-ngia̍k.
destined, tiāⁿ-tie̍h; ṳ̃-soiⁿ tiāⁿ-tie̍h; ũ-thien-mẽng; ũ-mẽng.
destiny, miāⁿ, miāⁿ-ūn; seⁿ-sêng. evil, khóu-miāⁿ.
destitute, lo̍h-po̍h; khueh-hua̍t; phîn-hua̍t; bô-chia̍h bô-chhēng; kêng; phîn-khiông; khiau; khiau-kêng.
destroy, pāi-hũai; pāi-hāi; hùi-tiāu; hùi-hũai; húiⁿ-tiāu; hùi-tũi; tshau-mi̍t. destruciton, mi̍t-buâng; pāi-buâng.
detach, thiah-khui; hun-buah (as dif. persons to dif. pieces of work).
detain, lâu; tau-lâu; lâu-tsũ; lâu-kiâⁿ; tam-koh. as ​guest, lâu--nâng chia̍h-pn̄g; lâu-nāⁿ-kò chia̍h. by force, khiâng-lâu; ngẽ-lâu.
detect, thóiⁿ-phùa; tshūe--tie̍h; siau--tie̍h; chhê--tshut; lia̍h.
deter, tuah-thò; heh-thò (by threats); kéng-kài; kìm-kài; kàu-kài; tsó-chí; tsó-têⁿ.
determine, tsú-ì; li̍p-sim; li̍p-ì; li̍p-tiāⁿ tsú-ì; tiāⁿ-chì; tiāⁿ-tie̍h.
detest, lóu; ù; chhim-lóu. detestable, khó-ù.
dethrone, hùi-kun.
detriment, sún-hāi; siang-huâng-gāi; kan-gāi.
develope, huat-hīn; lòu-hīn; khai-huat.
deviate, kiâⁿ-tshúa; tsáu-tsua̍h; sit-gōu; kiâⁿ-tāⁿ-lōu. from right principle, lī-khui chiàⁿ-tãu.
device, kòi; sim-sṳ̄; kòi-chheh. devise, siet-kòi; phah-sǹg.
devil, môⁿ-kúi; kúi.
devious, kiâⁿ-tāⁿ-lōu; tsáu-tshò-lōu.
devoid, bô. of reason, bô-chhêng-lí; bô-tõ-lí.
devoted, tsuan-sim; zua̍h-sim. to duty, chĩn-tong; tong-ngĩ.
devotion, religious, sêng-kèng tsṳ-sim; kèng-khiên; khiên-kèng; khiên-sêng.
devour, thun, thun-chia̍h.
dew, lōu-tsúi. one drop of dew, che̍k-tiám-lōu.
dewclaw, koi-jiáu; koi-kṳ̃; koi-chí.
dewlap, gû-ãm-sê; ãm-sê.
dexterity, khá-gōi; khî-khá; hó-chhiú-tūan; lêng-lāi; khá; kha-chhiú õi; ua̍h-phuah.
dextral, iũ-pôiⁿ; chiàⁿ-chhiú-pôiⁿ.
diagram, iēⁿ. the eight diagrams, poih-khùe.
dial, ji̍t-kui.
dialect, thóu-ūe; thóu-thâm; thóu-im; im-gṳ́; khieⁿ; thóu-khieⁿ. native, hiang-thâm.
dialogue, mn̄g-tap; phue̍h-ūe. see CONVERSATION.
diameter, tong-sùaⁿ; thàu-tong ti̍t-sùaⁿ.
diamond, sūan-chie̍h. a glazier's, sūan-pit.
diaphanous, kuang thàu-tit-kùe.
diarrhoea, sià-tóu; làu-tóu; làu-sái; tóu m̄-hó; pàng-tóu. and vomiting, thòu-sià.
diary, hêng-ûi-phõu; ji̍t-kì-lo̍k.
​dice, tâu-kiáⁿ; kut-tâu. dice box, tâu-kiáⁿ-a̍p. gamble with dice, pua̍h-tâu-kiáⁿ. loaded dice, kùan-în-tâu.
dictate, hun-hù; mẽng-lẽng. write to my dictation, uá-liām lṳ́-siá.
dictionary, jī-tién; jī-lūi. rhyming, si-ūn; kiám-ūn.
die, to, sí; kùe-sì; sī-sì; khùi tñg; lãu--khṳ̍; tsak-kóu. see decease. by one's own hand, tsṳ̃-shĩn. of disease, pēⁿ-sí. of hunger, gō-sí. of cold, kûaⁿ-sí.
die, a, chîⁿ-bôu; jī-bôu.
diet, to, as sick person, khiēⁿ-tshùi; kài-kháu.
differ, ũ-hun-pie̍t; õi-koh-iēⁿ; m̄-sie-tâng; m̄-pêⁿ-iēⁿ; m̄-che̍k-iēⁿ; m̄-chhin-chhiẽⁿ. slightly, tsua̍h-m̄-ũa; tsua̍h-m̄-hñg; tsua̍h hun-hun; tãi-tâng siáu-ĩ; tsha-m̄-to. to quarrel, seⁿ-hiâm-khiah; kāng-nâng ũ-ūe. make up a difference, thiâu-ti̍t; thiâu-hûa.
difficult, oh; lân; kan-khóu; bô-hièⁿ-kōi. there are no difficulties in the world if you are only in earnest, thiⁿ-ẽ bô-lân-sṳ̄, chí-phàⁿ sim-put-tsuan.
diffidence, sim gî; m̄-káⁿ-sìn.
diffuse, spread, kúang-pù; kúang-pùa; pùa-iâng; suang-iâng; suan-pù. not concise, khui-khuah; seⁿ-ūe-sái; seⁿ-ūe-phûe; tàⁿ-ūe seⁿ-ki seⁿ-hie̍h; seⁿ-ūe-ki; seⁿ-ūe-tsat; ūe seⁿ-ki-tsat; huàm.
dig, ku̍t; liú; ku̍t-thôu.
digest, siau-chia̍h. indigestion, tóu m̄-siau; chia̍h bõi-siau. digestive tonic, póu-pî.
dignity, ui-hong; ui-hong lím-lím.
dike, toi; toi-ngãi. to make a, tsho-toi.
dilapidated, tó; thap-khang hùi-tũi; huang-hāi; phùa-phùa.
dilate, pùa-iâng; tièⁿ-khui; chiãm-khùaⁿ.
dilatory, tũaⁿ; mān; în-tîⁿ; kau-tîⁿ-lâi kau-tîⁿ-khṳ̍; thû-mān.
diligent, ēng-kang; khṳ̂n-kang; khṳ̂n; tsuan-kang; la̍t-kang; tshut-la̍t.
dill, sié-hûe; hûe-hieⁿ. water, hûe-hieⁿ-tsúi.
dilute, thàu-po̍h; thàu-tsúi; tshong-tsúi; tshong-po̍h.
dim, àm; sit-kng m̄-hīn; bū-bū. dim-sighted, ma̍k-chiu hue; ma̍k hue; ma̍k bū. grow dim, as picture, hùe--khṳ̍. dimly seen, ṳ́n-ṳ́n iak-iak.
diminish, kiám; tṳ̂-kiám; khà-kiám; kiám-chié. the population, as epidemic, kiám-nâng-kháu.
​dimity, siâ-bûn-pòu.
dimple, in chin, ẽ-hâi-tsuh. in cheeks, chiú-tsuh.
din, of gongs and drums, kong-kuang-kiè; kong-kong-kiè.
dine, chia̍h-tōa-tn̍g; chia̍h mêⁿ-àm-pn̄g. at noon, chia̍h-ji̍t-tàu.
dip, into water, ùn-tsúi; ùn-tâm. hot iron in water, chhih-tsúi. dip up water, ēng-pû-hia lâi-ié-tsúi (with ladle); ēng pua̍h-tháng lâi kũaⁿ-tsúi (from well); ēng tiàu-o lâi-tiàu-tsúi (with bucket & well-sweep); ēng hòu-táu lâi-hòu-tsúi (with ladle having long handle). a dipper, tsúi-kóng.
diploma, bûn-phêng; bûn-pêng.
direct, ti̍t; ti̍t-ti̍t. direct route, ti̍t-lōu. directly, khùn-kiáⁿ; sûi-sî; sûi-chiet. I will come directly after you, úa sûi-ãu chiũ-lâi. to direct, chí-ín. order, hun-hù; mẽng. control, kúan-lí; kúan. a letter, siá-huang-phûe. directions, mẽng-lẽng; kui-tiâu.
dirt, nah-sap; lâm-sap. dirty, nah-sap; nah-sap-sièⁿ; o-tso; u-ùe; m̄-chheng-khih; m̄-chheng-kiet; o-lâm o-lī. to dirty, mak--tie̍h nah-sap; hú--tie̍h nah-sap.
disabled, hùi-chi̍t; phùa-sièⁿ; hùi-jîn.
disadvantage, si̍h-pńg; m̄-piẽn; m̄-sũn; bô-iah; siũ-khui.
disagree, m̄-hûa; m̄-ha̍h; m̄-siang-ha̍h; m̄-tùi. the climate disagrees with me, m̄-ho̍k tsúi-thóu; chia̍h-m̄-tie̍h tsúi-thóu. disafreeable, bô-mih tshù-bī; tshūa-nâng-lóu; kou-ta̍k (unsociable); kãu-ue̍h (sensation).
disappear, m̄-kìⁿ; sit-lo̍h; bô--khṳ̀.
disappoint, sit-ieh; sit-sìn; gōu--tie̍h nâng-só-mōⁿ; siang-gōu; tam-gōu nâng-kâi-sṳ̄. disappointed, sit-mōⁿ; sit-ì.
disapprove, m̄-huaⁿ-hí; m̄-ha̍h-ì; m̄-tsún.
disarranged, zṳ̂-zṳ̂; zṳ̂-tsháng; hũn-tsa̍p; hng-heh; hng-hng heh-heh.
disaster, hiong-sṳ̄; tsai-iang; hũa; tsai-hũa; hũa-tsai; bô-tsãu-hùe.
disavow, m̄-jīn.
disband, sùaⁿ-piaⁿ; thiah-piaⁿ.
disbelieve, m̄-sìn; m̄-sièn; m̄-siang-sìn; gî.
disburse, tshut-chîⁿ.
discard, m̃-ēng; pàng-tiāu; sî-tiāu; sî-tù.
discern, thóiⁿ-tshut; thóiⁿ-tit-tshut. discernment, tì-hũi; tì-sek; kièn-sek; tshong-mêng. quick, ũ-mién-tshâi.
​discharge, servant, sî; màiⁿ; m̃-ēng; keh-tiāu. a prisoner, sek-pàng. cargo, khí-hùe. duty, chĩn-pńg-hūn. an account, khou-tiāu-siàu.
disciple, mn̂g-seng; ha̍k-seng; tĩ-tsṳ́; mn̂g-thû.
discipline, kà-tãu; kà-huap. family, ke-kà; ke-huap; ke-kui. military, kun-huap; kun-lẽng.
disclaim, m̃-jīn; tho-m̄-tsai. praise, khiam-sî.
disclose, lòu-tshut; sia̍p-lāu ki-kuan; tshut-phùa.
discoloured, sek m̄-tsâu; lo̍h-sek; thò-sek; sit-sek; sek lut; sià-sek.
discomfort, m̄-khùaⁿ-ua̍h; kãu-ue̍h; m̄-uaⁿ-sim; sim-tang khau-peh.
discommode, kiáu-jiáu; hũn--tie̍h; lâu; lūi; hûan-lâu.
discompose, phièn-nâng-kiaⁿ; sái-nâng-sim iâu-tõng.
disconcert, phùa-kòi. disconcerted, bô-tit-ì; sit-ì; hun-kông; sim hũn.
disconsolate, ut-at; ut-būn; iu-ut; ut-sîn; hûan-ló; iu-būn; bô-tit uaⁿ-ùe; sim sng; phīⁿ sng.
discontented, m̄-kùe-î; m̄-tsai-tsok; uàn-miāⁿ-khiap; uàn-miāⁿ-po̍h.
discontinue, hiah.
discord, m̄-hûa; m̄-thiâu-hûa; bô-siang chia̍h-chi̍h; bô-chiap-chi̍h; m̄-hûa-mo̍k.
discount, póu-ngṳ̂n-tsúi; thiap-ngṳ̂n-tsúi; thiu-thâu-ngṳ̂n (brokerage); khà-lāi-chîⁿ. for ready money, hīn-chîⁿ kiám-kè.
discourage, phièn nâng sàng-táⁿ; hāi nâng sàng-táⁿ. discouraged, sàng-táⁿ; bô-táⁿ; siẽⁿ-tie̍h ià-ià; siẽⁿ-tie̍h ià-sîn.
discourse, káng-lũn; káng-tãu.
discourteous, bô-lói; m̄-hiáu chhêng-lí.
discover, chhê-tshut; thóiⁿ-tshut; thóiⁿ-phùa; phùa-sṳ̄; tshūe--tie̍h; chhîm--tie̍h. have a clue to, ũ-sùaⁿ-soh.
discreet, ũ-kièn-sek; kṳ́n-sín; kṳ́n-sim; tsṳ́-sòi; sié-sim; ũ-tì-hũi; tîm-tieh.
discriminate, hun-pie̍t; hun-lūi; sòi-siâng hun-pie̍t.
discursive, kau-thâm khuah-lũn.
discuss, piẽn-lũn; ngí-lũn; káng-lũn; thâm-lũn; lũn-sṳ̄; káng-kiù.
disdain, thóiⁿ-khin; thóiⁿ-m̄-chiẽⁿ; miáuⁿ-sĩ; thóiⁿ-m̄-chiẽⁿ-ma̍k; lia̍h--nâng iàm-khì. disdainful, thóiⁿ-nâng m̄-tõ-ma̍k; ma̍k-khang khuah.
​disease, pēⁿ; mâuⁿ-pēⁿ; pēⁿ-thiàⁿ; pēⁿ-chèng. chronic, kú-tn̂g-pēⁿ; kú-chi̍t. have disease, ũ-pēⁿ; tì-pēⁿ; phùa-pēⁿ. cure, ui-pēⁿ. diagnosis of, jīn-pēⁿ. eye-disease, ma̍k-chiu thiàⁿ.
disembark, chiẽⁿ-suaⁿ; khí-tsúi; chiẽⁿ-tsúi.
disembogue, thàng-hái.
disencumber, kói. of burden, hiah-tàⁿ. of clothing, thǹg-tiāu.
disengaged, bô-sṳ̄; ôiⁿ.
disentangle, kói; kói-kat.
disgorge, thòu; thòu--tshut.
disgrace, tiu-lién; sit-lién; bô-mīn; kièn-siàu; u-zo̍k; chhíⁿ-zo̍k; lêng-zo̍k; siũ-zo̍k. bring on oneself, tsṳ̃-tshú-zo̍k. disgraceful, siáu-lí-sṳ̄; kièn-chhiè-sṳ̄.
disguise, koh-iēⁿ tá-pān. male or female, tsuang-lâm ké-nńg. as a literary man, tsuang-tsò tha̍k-tsṳ-nâng.
disgust, iàm-tsūaⁿ; iàm-hṳ̃n; iàm-khì; iàm-ù. shudder with, phah-tshùn-lūn; phah-tshùn-ūn; thóiⁿ-kìⁿ hehⁿ-che̍k-kiè. disgusting, chhi-gî.
dishes, pûaⁿ-úaⁿ.
dishevelled, thâu-môⁿ zṳ̂-zṳ̂; thâu-môⁿ zû-sàu-soi.
dishonest, m̄-chiàⁿ-keng; m̄-kong-tãu; m̄-chiàⁿ-ti̍t; m̄-kuaⁿ-chiàⁿ; m̄-tong-hõu; put-ngĩ; m̄-chiàⁿ; m̄-mêng-pe̍h; hàuⁿ-sie-tshuah; õi-tshuah-nâng.
dishonour, lêng-zo̍k; sit-zo̍k; tiám-u. dishonorable, bô-thí-mīn sṳ̄; m̄-shiàⁿ-keng.
disinclination, sim hiâm; sim m̄-hiàng; m̄-ngũan; m̄-hàuⁿ; ià-ià ien-sîn ien-sîn.
disingenuous, m̄-tong-ti̍t; sim m̄-ti̍t; bô-sêng-si̍t; m̄-sêng-sim; m̄-khéng ti̍t-tàⁿ.
disinherit, tso̍h-tiāu i kâi sṳ̄-ngia̍p; tso̍h-tiāu ke-ngia̍p; tso̍ih-tsũ ke-ngia̍p.
disinter, chhien-phûn; khí-tsàn; khui-kut-thâu; khui-kut-si̍t; khieh-si-hâi.
disinterested, bô-sṳ-sim; bô-phien-sim; ngĩ-khì (readiness to assist persons in distress); chheng-liâm.
dislike, hiâm; m̄-sieh; lóu; m̄-hàuⁿ; màiⁿ; ùi.
dislocate, kut tshut-khũ.
dislodge, jiāu-tiāu.
disloyal, put-tong; put-tong i-kun.
dismal, voice, ai-siaⁿ; pui-ai kâi-siaⁿ. solitary, kou-hâng sok-mo̍k.
​dismantle, a ship, thiah-tiāu khang-tsûn-tháng.
dismast, chi̍h-ûi.
dismay, tãi-kiaⁿ; kiaⁿ-hûang; kiaⁿ-sí-nâng.
dismember, a criminal, siáu-lêng-chhî; tok-tiāu kha-chhiú.
dismiss, sî-tiāu; m̃-ēng; keh-cheh; pã-cheh.
dismount, lo̍h-bé. from carriage, lo̍h-chhia.
disobedient, m̄-sũn; m̄-sũn-mẽng; m̄-tsun-mẽng; m̄-sũn-tshông; ûi-mẽng; pũe-nge̍k; ûi-nge̍k; nge̍k-tsú. son, m̄-kiâⁿ-hàu; put-hàu; put-siàu.
disoblige, m̃-kuan-kù; m̃-thóiⁿ-kù; m̃-thói-thiap; m̃-chiàu-ēng. disobliging, bô-nâng-chhêng.
disorder, lũan; zṳ̂-zṳ̂; hũn-tsa̍p; zṳ̂-ngiâu-ngiâu; hng-hng hehⁿ-hehⁿ. disorderly conduct, hùang-sṳ̀; bô-huap-tōu.
disown, m̃-jīn.
disparage, thóiⁿ-khin; lũn-nâng kho-khek; phì-sièⁿ-nâng.
disparity, phit-phùe m̄-kùe.
dispassionate, m̄-tõng-sim; bô-khì; bô-phien-sim.
dispatch, see despatch.
dispel, tshue-sùaⁿ; kói; siau-tṳ̂; siau-tiāu.
dispense, pun. charity, si-chì. with one's services, sî; mién-ēng.
disperse, phah-sùaⁿ; pun-sùaⁿ; sì-sùaⁿ; sùaⁿ-khui; hun-sùaⁿ; kúaⁿ-sùaⁿ; jiāu-sùaⁿ; chẽng-sùaⁿ. see dispel.
dispirited, sàng-sim; sàng-táⁿ; sàng-chì; hûan-ló; sim ià-ià.
displace, puaⁿ-khui; pàng m̄-kui-ūi; puaⁿ zṳ̂-zṳ̂; lóng-zṳ̂; tshâu-tshúa.
display, hién-mêng. fine clothes, tién-ho̍k-sek; pù-pái ho̍k-sek. a display, hûan-hua.
displease, tit-tsũe-nâng; tieh-nâng-khì; tieh--nâng; kek-nâng-khì; tshok--tie̍h nâng-khì. to look displeased, mīn pìⁿ-pìⁿ. displeased, m̄-huaⁿ-hí; m̄-hàuⁿ; tóu-lãi put-zua̍t; m̄-tèng-ì; m̄-kùe-ì; seⁿ-khì kièn-kuài. don't be displeased with me, màiⁿ-kièn-kuài úa; mo̍k-kuài úa.
dispose, arrange, pâi; pái; pâi-lie̍t; pái-lie̍t; an-pâi. troops, pâi-tīn. to be disposed to do anything, àiⁿ; hàuⁿ; ngũan; ũ-sim-àiⁿ. dispose of, by sale, bōi. by gift, pun--nâng; ṳ́--nâng. decide a cause, phùan-tùan; sím-tùan.
disposition, sèⁿ; sèⁿ-chhêng; sim-chhêng; sim-sèⁿ.
disproportion, phùe-m̄-kùe; kah-m̄-kùe.
​dispute, cheⁿ-lũn; sie-cheⁿ; piẽn-poh; sie-à; kau-soi. loud angry disputation, tshâu-nãuⁿ.
disquieted, m̄-uaⁿ-sim; sim bô-phêng-an; m̄-kùe-sim; m̄-pàng-sim; khùa-sim; hûan-sim.
disregard, m̃-kù; m̃-kúan; m̃-lí; hut-lia̍k; m̃-tshái; m̃-thiaⁿ. orders, m̃-tsun-mẽng.
disrelish, m̄-ha̍h-tshùi; m̄-ha̍h-chia̍h; m̄-ha̍h chhiâu-kháu; m̄-ha̍h ūi-kháu.
disreputable, bô-thí-mīn; m̄-kù-lién; àu-miâⁿ; miâⁿ-sek m̄-hó; tshàu-miâⁿ-sek.
disrespect, m̄-kèng; m̄-siang-kèng; bú-bũan; bũan-thãi; bô-lói; bô-lí.
disrobe, thǹg-tiāu-saⁿ.
disruption, phùa; phùa-khui; phùa-tñg.
dissatisfied, m̄-kùe-ì; m̄-zû-ì; m̄-ha̍h-ì.
dissect, le̍h-khui; kuah-khui.
dissemble, tieⁿ-iēⁿ; tieⁿ kâi-iēⁿ; tieⁿ-khúan; tsuang-sek; ké-tsò; mûaⁿ-nâng-ma̍k.
disseminate, pùa-sùaⁿ; pùa-iâng; thûan-pùa.
dissent, in opinion, ì-kièn m̄-tâng; m̄-tâng-ì; m̄-tâng-sim. dissension, ũ-hiâm-khiah; ũ-ūe; m̄-siang-hûa; m̄-hûa-mo̍k.
dissertation, piẽn-lũn; mêng-piẽn. compose a, tsò-lũn.
dissever, tsám-tsò nõⁿ-tn̄g; kuah-tñg.
dissimilar, m̄-tâng; koh-iēⁿ; m̄-sie-tâng; ũ-tsua̍h; m̄-siãu.
dissipate, hua-hùi; phùa-hùi; hùi-tiāu; phùa-chĩn; sái-tiāu-chîⁿ. the mind, sùaⁿ-sim; sim phû; sim i̍t; sim hùang. dissipated, bô-tsat-tōu; bô-huap-tōu; pháiⁿ-kiáⁿ.
dissociate, tso̍h-kau; kuah-tñg; tsám-tñg; tso̍h-tñg; hun-pie̍t; lî-khui; thiah-khui.
dissolute, hùang-tãng; hùang-ûi; hàuⁿ-chiú-sek.
dissolve, iêⁿ. in water, lo̍h-tsúi siau-iêⁿ. by fire, ēng-húe pû-iêⁿ. partnership, thiah-siàu; pun-seng-lí; pun-húe-kì; thiah-khui; pun-khui; pun-siàu.
dissonant, siaⁿ m̄-thiâu-hûa; siaⁿ m̄-lo̍h-ūn; siaⁿ bô-im-ūn.
dissuade, khǹg-chí; khǹg-nâng-màiⁿ; khǹg-nâng-hiah; khǹg-tsũ.
distaff, pháng-chhia.
distance, hñg-kṳ̃n. according to, lũn hñg-kṳ̃n. what is the? jie̍h-hñg? to see at a, hñg-hñg mōⁿ--kìⁿ. between Swatow and Ch'ao-chow-foo is 9 leagues, Sùaⁿ-thâu khṳ̀ Tiê-chiu-hú ũ káu-phòu-lōu.
​distaste, m̄-ha̍h-ì; bô-sim-hiàng; bô-hiàng; bô-ì-hiàng.
distend, tièⁿ; tièⁿ-khui.
distil, spirit, sa̍h-chiú; kek-chiú.
distinct, mêng-pe̍h. see distinctly, thóiⁿ hīn-hīn; thóiⁿ-hun-mêng. distinction, hun-pie̍t.
distinguish, hun-pie̍t; hun-mêng; jīn-tiāⁿ; piẽn-mêng. distinguished (person), tsun-kùi; tshut-miâⁿ; tshut-thoh.
distort, tau-tshúa; túi-tshúa. distorted, tshúa; tshúa-kùe-lâi. distort facts, tàⁿ-ūe ũ-uan-khek; tàⁿ-lâi m̄-ti̍t.
distracted, sim tsa̍p; sim lũan; sim zṳ̂. with many things, huang-mâng.
distress, kan-khóu; khóu-tshó; tsai-lān; khóu-lān; tshám; tshám-khóu. to distress people, bûa-lān; hāi-nâng kan-khóu. distressed in mind, sieⁿ-sim; huang-sim.
distribute, pun; phài; hun-phài.
district, region, tī-hng. Hien or county, kūiⁿ. city, kūiⁿ-siâⁿ. magistrate, kūiⁿ; kūiⁿ-kuaⁿ; kūiⁿ-tsú; ti-kūiⁿ.
distrust, put-sìn; m̄-siang-sìn; tshai-gî; gî; hûai-gî.
disturb, lâu-tõng; kiaⁿ-tõng; hûan-jiáu; kiáu-jiáu; tsak.
disturbance, seⁿ-sṳ̄; húan-lũan; m̄-phêng.
ditch, tsúi-kau; kau-khut. in fields, chhia-kau.
ditty, kua; sié-khek.
diuretic, lĩ-tsúi-ie̍h; lĩ-siáu-piẽn-ie̍h.
dive, bī-tsúi.
diverge, khui-a; pun-ki pun-iẽⁿ. ways, pun-lōu.
diverse, of several kinds, ke-iēⁿ; put-chí che̍k-iēⁿ; sù-iēⁿ.
diversion, thit-thô; sie-sńg; kiâⁿ-iû; iû-ngúan; iû-siéⁿ.
divert, a stream, tsoh-tsúi; khui-kau. attention, chia-ngán.
diverting, tshù-bī; hó-chhiè; hó-thit-thô.
divest, of rank, thut-cheh. of clothes, thǹg-saⁿ.
divide, pun. equally, pun-tsôi; pun-tsâu. division (in arithmetic), kui-tṳ̂-huap; pun-huap.
divine, to, pua̍h-pue (with bamboo roots); thiu-chhiam; lok-chhiam. divining blocks, sèng-pue. slips, chhiam.
divorce, kè-bóu; hiu-chhi; tshut-chhi. bill of, hiu-tsṳ; lî-tsṳ.
divulge, tàⁿ-phùa; phùa-sṳ̄; sia̍p-lāu ki-kuan; ki-kuan sia̍p-lāu; tshut-phùa; phùa-tiãⁿ; sṳ̄-ki sia̍p-lòu.
dizziness, thâu-khak hîn; thâu hîn; hîn.
do, tsò; tsak; ûi; kiâⁿ; tsãu. do business, tsò-seng-lí. a favour, si-ṳn; tsò-nâng-chhêng. to do as we would be ​done by, thãi-nâng zû-kí. do away with, tṳ̂-khṳ̀; ka̍k-tiāu; kói. how do you do? lṳ́ khin-kiāⁿ? do not, màiⁿ; m̄-hó; mín. I have nothing to do with it, ṳ́-úa bô-kan; bó-tāi; bô-hūn. this will never do, m̄-tsò-tit. it will do, tsò-tit; õi--tsò-tit. what shall I do! aìⁿ-tsò-nî-mue̍h! I can do nothing but run away, chiũ-sĩ tsáu--che̍k-mn̂g tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ, bô-pa̍t-lōu. do one's duty, chĩn-pńg-hūn. what is all this to do about? kā-kā-jiáng sĩ-mih ûan-kù?
docile, koi-kà-sī; sũn-sũn; thiaⁿ-nâng-tàⁿ.
dockyard, tsûn-chhiáng; siu-si̍p-tsûn kâi-ūi-tshṳ̀.
doctor, ui-seng; sin-seⁿ. to call, chhiáⁿ-ui-seng.
doctrine, kà; kà-tãu; tãu-lí; tõ-lí. false doctrines, ī-tuan.
document, bûn-tsṳ.
doe, te̍k-bó.
dog, káu. male, káu-kóu. dog-cheap, phiⁿ kàu bô-nâng-àiⁿ; tsûaⁿ-tsãi. long-haired, phòng-môⁿ-káu. short-haired, si̍t-môⁿ-káu. dogged, phiah-pēⁿ; chip-ì; chip-phiah.
dogma, kà-tiâu.
doleful, chhi-tshám. voice, ai-siaⁿ.
doll, ang-kiáⁿ.
dollar, ngṳ̂n. Spanish, hu̍t-thâu; hu̍t-ngṳ̂n. Mexican, chiáu ngṳ̂n; chhì-kiû-chiáu. one, che̍k-kâi-ngṳ̂n; che̍k-khou ngṳ̂n. $10,000, che̍k-būan-ngṳ̂n; che̍k-tsháu-ngṳ̂n. $̃0, che̍k-huang-ngṳ̂n.
dolt, ngâ nâng; chhi-ko; khòng-ngōng.
domestic, ke-lãi. servants, ke-jîn; kṳn-pan. animals, cheng-seⁿ. affairs, ke-bũ. circumstances, ke-sṳ̄; ke-chhéng.
domesticate, chhī-se̍k; chhī-sûn-se̍k.
dominoes, kut-pâi.
done, tso hó; hó--liáu. exhausted, liáu; ēng-liáu. done with a meal, chia̍h-pá--liáu.
doom, tiaⁿ-tsũe; sún-tùan; ngí-tiāⁿ tsũe-miâⁿ.
door, mn̂g. bolt, mn̂g-tshùaⁿ. bolt the door, tshùaⁿ-mn̂g, pi mn̂g. shut the door, kueⁿ-mn̂g. not quite close, mn̂g hoiⁿ. door-bar, mn̂g-chhēng. keep a door, chiéⁿ-mn̂g; siú-mn̂g; kuan-mn̂g; pé-mn̂g. door-posts, mn̂g-thiãu. door-frame, mn̂g-khuan. lintel, mn̂g-bâi. socket, mn̂g-khũ. handle, mn̂g-tsu. threshold, mn̂g-tõiⁿ.
dose, che̍k-thiap-ie̍h; che̍k-ho̍k-ie̍h.
dot, che̍k-tiám.
​dotard, láu-kàu-ngo̍h; láu-kàu-thūe.
dote, ne̍k-ài; liẽn-sieh.
double, sang. to double, kia-pũe. folds of cloth, sang-têng. to double up, as cloth, chih--khí-lâi. double-chin, ẽ-hâi thō-thō; ẽ-hâi lô-tō lô-tō. double-dealer, che̍k-mīn-to nõⁿ-mīn-sái. double-meaning, sang-thám-ūe; sang-kuan liáng-ì. double price, ke-che̍k-ûe-chîⁿ. double-barrelled gun, sang-hiáng-chhèng.
doublet, sin-tói-saⁿ; kín-sin-saⁿ.
doubt, gî; gî-tshai; tshai-gî; gî-thûan. doubtless, mín-gî; tiāⁿ-tie̍h; kúaⁿ-jiên. doubtful, bô-tiāⁿ-tie̍h; húang-hut bô-tiāⁿ.
dough, mīⁿ-kàⁿ; kàⁿ-mīⁿ. to knead, chhi̍p-mīⁿ; na̍k-kàⁿ.
doughty, ióng-káⁿ; ũ-táⁿ-la̍t; eng-hiông; hó-hàn.
dove, hún-chiáu; kũ-ku. dovecot, hún-chiáu-tàu.
dovetail, kau-chí-sún; tāu-sún.
dowdy, tshou-hũ; lah-tah tsṳ-niêⁿ.
down, hiã; lo̍h; kẽ. down on the ground, tõ-thôu-ẽ. down-stairs, lâu-ẽ. down-hill, lo̍h-suaⁿ. down below, tõ-ẽ-pôiⁿ. go far down, lo̍h kẽ-kẽ. fall down, pua̍h-lo̍h. fall down (as wall), pang. down-stream, lo̍h-lâu. in price, lo̍h-kè; iáu-phiⁿ.
down (feathers), zông. goose-down, gô-zông.
dowry, kè-tsng; sûi-liâm; tsng-liâm.
doze, tak-sut-gu̍t; tak; tak-ma̍k-u̍t.
draft, money, ngṳ̂n-toaⁿ. of letter, sìn-kó.
drag, thua; thua-túi; khan. cart, thua-chhia. for shells, tah-sap; pê-sap.
dragon, lêng; kau-lêng. to paddle d.-boat, phẽ-lêng-tsûn.
dragonfly, sua-meⁿ; sua-meⁿ-niêⁿ (small); chheng-thêng.
dragoon, bé-piaⁿ; khiâ-piaⁿ.
drain, tsúi-kau; sái-kau. drain a place, làu-tiāu-tsúi. off water as through strainer, tè-tsúi.
drake, ah-hêng.
draught, see draft. of fish, che̍k-mãng-hṳ̂. of wind, thong-huang. in a draught, tng-huang-lōu.
draw, thua; po̍ih; túi. water, kũaⁿ-tsúi; pua̍h-tsúi. out, po̍ih-tshut; mán-tshut; thua-tshut. teeth, khieh-khí. a sliding window, thuah. a sword, po̍ih-kiàm; po̍ih-to. poison, po̍ih-ta̍k. a bow, khui-keng; mán-keng. oneself together in a heap, kiu-kiu niuⁿ-niuⁿ. draw up one's legs, kha kiu--khí-lâi. draw breath, tháu-khùi (also, to sigh). ​opium-smoke, kuh-hun; po̍k-hun. lots, khieh-khau; po̍ih-chhiam; thiu-chhiam-kiáⁿ. a carriage, thua-chhia. nails, po̍ih-teng; kiãu-teng. a net, po̍ih-mãng; chhiû-mãng. draw near, túi-bûa. near (approach), kiâⁿ-bûa; chiũ-kṳ̃n; kṳ̃n-bûa. attention, ín-tõng nâng-sim; tõng nâng-sim-ma̍k. up a line of battle, pâi-tīn. a list, khui-mêng kak-mue̍h; kiám-tiám. as loadstone, hiap-bûa. out of the water, liâu; kou. a splinter, liàm-tshut; túi-tshut; thie-tshut (with a needle). blood, lâu-hueh; pàng-tshut-hueh. money from bank, khṳ̍-ngṳ̂n-hâng khie̍h-ngṳ̂n; tùi-ngṳ̂u. a curtain, liâm sa-khui; liâm kiáu-phû. draw away, ín-tshūa. entice, ín-iú; iú-ho̍k. draw on stockings, chhēng-bue̍h. draw back, tò-thò; thò; thò-pōu.
draw, pictures, ūe-ūe; ūe-ang-kiáⁿ; ūe-sièⁿ. a line, ūe-hûn; phah-keh. a landscape, ūe-suaⁿ-tsúi. a map, ūe-tôu. one's portrait, ūe-sièⁿ; ūe-hí-sîn; ūe-siáu-iáⁿ.
drawbridge, tiàu-kiê.
drawer, keh; tshn̂g-keh; kūiⁿ-keh. open a drawer, khui-keh. bureau with many drawers, peh-chí-keh.
drawers, sin-tói-khòu. short drawers, as for bathing, khòu-kue̍h; tsúi-khòu.
drawing-room, khah-thiaⁿ; kheh-thiaⁿ.
drawl, tàⁿ-ūe mān-mān; tàⁿ-ūe zūn-pōu zūn-pōu; tàⁿ-ūe zūn-zūn.
dread, ùi; kiaⁿ; kiaⁿ-kũ. dreadful, khó-ùi; tshūa-nâng-ùi.
dream, māng; mêⁿ-māng; ki-kuan. have a dream, tit-che̍k-māng; māng-che̍k-māng. dream anything, māng-kìⁿ. interpret, piẽn-māng; piẽn-māng-tiãu. by a dream, e.g. to teach one, thoh-māng.
dreary, ou-àm; kan-ta; sok-liau.
dredge, chhip. to dredge for fish and shrimps, oi-hṳ̂-hê.
dregs, phoh; tsa; tsa-tsái. of distilled liquor, chiú-tsau. of tea, tê-tsa.
drenched, pun-tsúi chìm. with rain, khṳt-hõu ak; ak kàu-lok-lok; tsâng kàu-thúe-thúe.
dress, tá-pàn; ho̍k-sek; chhēng-saⁿ; i-ho̍k; sin-chhēng. fine dress, tá-pàn phâi-chhiâng. to shew off, tsuang-pàn iâu-pái. a wound, pa̍k-bûa; ūaⁿ-pòu-liâu. the feet of women, tîⁿ-kha; ūaⁿ-kha. the hair, siu-thâu; siu-thâu-môⁿ; lua̍h-thâu. food, tsṳ́-chia̍h; pa-lói-chia̍h; sṳ̃-lí-chia̍h. skins, se̍k-phûe. stone, phah-chie̍h; chie̍h khieh-kng. with flags, as ship or street, kat-tshái. dressing-gown, siu-thâu-saⁿ. ​-case, kiàⁿ-thâi; kiàⁿ-thâi-keh. -table, siu-tsng-thâi. -room, siu-thâu-pâng.
dribblets, lân-su; lân-ló.
dried, ta; khùa-ta. fruits, kuaⁿ. dates, tsó-kuaⁿ. fish, hṳ̂-póu. duck, ah-póu.
drift, phiau-liû. boat, to leeward, kài. meaning, ì-sṳ̀; tãi-ì; tói-tsṳ́; tãi-lia̍k.
drill, a, tsǹg-kiáⁿ. to, tsǹg-khang. to drill soldiers, tshau-piaⁿ; tshau-liēn; tshau-în; kà-tshau.
drink, ím; chia̍h; lim. tea, chia̍h-tê; ím-tê. liquor, chia̍h-chiú; ím-chiú; lim-chiú. food & drink, ím-chia̍h. craving for, chiú-ngièn; chiú-ín.
drip, tih; tih--lo̍h-lâi; ta̍p-ta̍p-tih.
drive, a carriage, sái-chhia; gṳ̃-chhia. in a carriage, tsõ-bé-chhia. a flock of ducks, hâⁿ-ah. away, jiāu-tiāu; kúaⁿ-tiāu; chẽng-tiāu; to̍k-tiāu. drive against, tsũang--tie̍h.
drivel, lâu-nũaⁿ.
drizzle, hõu-kiáⁿ; hõu-mûiⁿ-kiáⁿ; hõu-kiáⁿ êng-êng; hõu-kiáⁿ sa̍p-sa̍p.
droll, humorous, hàuⁿ-sńg; hàuⁿ-chhiè; hàuⁿ-tshu-chhiè; hàuⁿ-niap-kuài; tshu-sńg. laughable, hó-chhiè; khó-chhiè; tshūa-nâng-chhiè.
droop, sàng-sim. wings, thu̍t-si̍t. flower, hue sià. leaves, hie̍h hûiⁿ-hûiⁿ.
drop, of water, che̍k-tiám-tsúi; tih-kiáⁿ-tsúi. to, tih--lo̍h-lâi; ta̍p-ta̍p-tih. anything from the hand, ka-lau̍h--lo̍h-lâi; liù-ka-lau̍h; phiù-chhiú. anchor, pha-tèng. cease, hiah.
dropsy, tsúi-hap; chéng-hap; phòng-hap; n̂g-chéng-hap. in the legs, kha-khì. in the abdomen, kóu-chèng.
dross, thih-sái; lôu-tói-sái.
drought, ũaⁿ; thiⁿ-sî ũaⁿ; khàng-ũaⁿ; kan-ũaⁿ; ũaⁿ-ta; bô-hõu.
drown, pun-tsúi kek-sí. oneself, khṳ̀ thiàu-tsúi; thiàu-hái; thiàu-khoi.
drowsy, phî; phî-kũan; ma̍k siap.
drudge, lâu-khóu; khóu-kang; bûa-khóu; bûa-le̍k.
drugs, ie̍h; ie̍h-tshâi; ie̍h-liāu. druggist, ie̍h-phòu tshâi-tsú; ie̍h-kheh.
drum, kóu. beat, phah-kóu; lûi-kóu. stick, kóu-thûi.
drunk, chia̍h-chiú-tsùi; tsùi-chiú; tsùi-thûi. drunkard, hàuⁿ-chia̍h-chiú; hàuⁿ-chiú; chiú-thû.
​dry, ta. in the sun, pha̍k-ta. in the air or wind, lā-ta; khau-ta; tshue-ta. at the fire, pūe-ta. season, as wood, khùa-ta. wipe dry, chhit-ta.
dubious, khó-gî; hó-gî; bô-tiāⁿ-tie̍h.
duck, ah; ah-bó. wild, tsúi-ah. dried, ah-póu. duckweed, phiê.
duct, lachrymal, ma̍k-khang; ma̍k-tsap-khang.
ductile, zūn; hó-túi-tn̂g--kâi.
dudgeon, mīn pìⁿ-pìⁿ; pìⁿ-mīn; seⁿ-khì.
due, khiàm; pńg-téng; eng-kai. what is due anyone, só eng-kai-hôiⁿ--i; só-tng-hôiⁿ--i; só-khiàm--i. arrived in due time, khṳ̀-kàu hù-hù; lâi-kàu bõi-khah-mān; tùi-sî-hāu; hù-sî-hāu. pay customs dues, la̍p-hiàng.
dull, tun. stupid, lú-tũn; che̍k-tóu ṳ̀-sat; ṳ̀-sat put-thong. colour, chhién-sek; tîm-sek. fire, húe bô-hièⁿ-jie̍t; húe khah-nńg. day, ou-im. of hearing, hĩⁿ lâng. of vision, ma̍k-chiu bū; ma̍k hue.
dumb, é; é-kháu; bõi-tàⁿ-ūe.
dumpish, ut-tsu̍t; iu-ut; sim-thâu thiàⁿ.
dumpling (native), lo̍h-thng-chî; mûaⁿ-chî.
dun, tshui; tshui-pek; thó-chîⁿ kín-kín; chiéⁿ-thó.
dunce, tsṳ-tai; bô-ēng-nâng; bô-lōu-ēng; bô-mih tshâi-chhêng; bô-ki-khiàu.
dung, pùn; pûi; tshou. to dung, lo̍h-pûi; èng-pûi; phuah-pûi (liquid).
dungeon, lô-ge̍k; hiu-ge̍k; kam. to put in, hiu-kìm.
dupe, to, tshuah; mûaⁿ; phièn.
duplicate, têng-siá; têng-kià.
duplicity, nõⁿ-sim; sie-phièn; che̍k-mīn-to nõⁿ-mīn-sái.
durable, nãiⁿ-kú; kien-kù; tōiⁿ, khiàng. this cloth is very, chí-kâi-pòu siãng-nãiⁿ-chhēng.
duration, kú; kú-tn̂g; chhiâng-kú. endless, ióng-kú; ióng-ién; kú-uán; kú-ién; bõi-liáu.
durian, fruit, po-lô-bi̍t (jack-fruit).
during, the night, mêⁿ--kùa. the year, nîⁿ--kan. the hot weather, zua̍h-gue̍h tiâng-sî. dinner, tõ-chia̍h-pn̄g kâi-sî-hāu.
dusk, mêⁿ-hng; háⁿ-hun; siè-siè-àm; siè-siè thóiⁿ-m̄-kìⁿ nâng-mīn; háⁿ-hun-kiáⁿ; háⁿ-bu.
dust, thôu-êng; thôu-hún; tîn-êng; sua-êng; sua-thôu. dusty, seⁿ-thôu-hún. raise, eng; kiauh-sua; iauh-sua. beat off, pũaⁿ-tiāu sua-êng. shake off, hĩⁿ-tiāu thôu-hún. to ​dust, tshóiⁿ-tiāu tîn-ai. duster (of feathers), koi-môⁿ-tshóiⁿ. dust-pan, pùn-táu. dust-basket, pùn-ki.
dutiful, kiâⁿ-hàu; hàu-tsṳ́; chĩn-pńg-hūn; hàu-sũn; sũn-tshông.
duty, cheh-hūn; pńg-hūn; cheh-jĩm; hūn-lãi kâi-sṳ̄; só eng-kai-kiâⁿ. perform one's, chĩn-pńg-hūn; chĩn-cheh-hūn.
dwarf, ói; ói-jîn; nâng ói-ói; ói-sòi. trees, kóu-sông.
dwell, khiã-khí; kṳ-tsũ; hiah-tshù; tiū. dwelling, tshù; kuán; tshù-ok.
dwindle, chiãm-sue; chiãm-chiãm-sòi; chiãm-chiãm-sán; sue-mûiⁿ; sue-jia̍k; siau-si̍h; siau-sòi.
dye, jiám-sek; níⁿ-pòu; î-sek; làm-pòu. stuff, sek-liāu; tōiⁿ (indigo). dyer, níⁿ-pòu sai-pẽ. frame used by dyer, pha̍k-pòu-pêⁿ.
dying, chiang-sí; àiⁿ-sí; kṳ̃n-sí; chiang-kṳ̃n àiⁿ-sí; lîm-sí.
dynasty, chhiâu. the present, chheng-chhiâu; pńg-chhiâu.
dysentery, lī; lī-chi̍t; pàng-âng; thâm-thūi; thì-khì; hueh-lī; pe̍h-lī.
dyspepsia, m̄-siau-hùe; put-síau-hùe; chia̍h chek; ím-chia̍h chek-tsũ.
dyspnoea, tshúan; khùi tōa; khùi kip; tshúan-kip; khì tshúan; he̍hⁿ-he̍hⁿ-tshúan. infantine, niⁿ-he; niⁿ-tshúan.
dysury, siáu-piẽn m̄-kiâⁿ; sié-piẽn m̄-thong.