OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Cahill, Daniel William

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Cahill, Daniel William, D.D., a pulpit orator, and lecturer upon chemistry and astronomy, was born in the Queen's County, in 1796. After studying at Maynooth, he was ordained, and for a time was a professor in Carlow College. He is well remembered as a lecturer, was the author of many pamphlets, and for a time edited a newspaper in Dublin. Removing to the United States, he died in Boston, 27th October 1864, aged about 68.
* ↑ Biographical Dictionary—American Biography: Francis S. Drake. Boston, 1876.
* ↑ Christian Brothers' Handbook of Biography. Dublin. (Pamphlet.) See also No. 42.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Byrne, William Michael

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Byrne, William Michael, of Park Hill, County of Wicklow, a prominent United Irishman, was one of the Leinster Directory arrested at Bond's, in Dublin, on 12th March 1798. He was brought to trial, and convicted of high treason upon the evidence of Reynolds. It is said that his life was offered to him if he would give evidence implicating Lord Edward FitzGerald, but he indignantly spurned the suggestion, declaring that he had no regret in dying but not leaving his country free. Hopes were still entertained that his life might be spared, on account of the negotiations then pending between the Government and the state prisoners; but "on the morning of the 28th" [July 1798], says Mr. Madden, "he was sitting at breakfast in Bond and Neilson's cell (the wives of the latter being then present), when the jailer appeared, and beckoned to Byrne to come to the door and speak with him. Byrne arose, a few words were whispered into his ear: he returned to the cell, and apologised to the ladies for being obliged to leave them. Bond asked him if he would not return; and his reply was, 'We will meet again.' He went forth without the slightest sign of perturbation or concern, and was led back for a few minutes to his cell, and then conducted to the scaffold. On passing the cell of Bond and Neilson, which he had just left, he stooped, that he might not be observed through the ​grated aperture in the upper part of the door, in order that Mrs. Neilson and Mrs. Bond might be spared the shock of seeing him led to execution." He met his death with perfect fortitude.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Cairbre Lifeachair

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Cairbre Lifeachair, King of Ireland, 254 to 281. He fell at the famous battle of Gabhra (Gowra), fought in contiguity to the Hill of Skreen, near Tara. This engagement, which took place, according to Keating, in 281, was fought between Cairbre at the head of one tribe of the old Fenian warriors, and Mogh Corb, King of Munster, and Oscar, grandson of Finn MacCumhaill, at the head of another. The rival military tribes were almost exterminated in the battle. Oscar fell in single combat with Cairbre; but Cairbre, returning from the combat, was met by his own relative Simeon, who fell upon him, severely with Oscar, and despatched him at a single blow. The combat is referred to by Ferguson in his beautiful lay "Aideen's Grave."
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Cairnes, David

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Cairnes, David, one of the most prominent defenders of Derry, was born in the north of Ireland in 1645. He became a lawyer, and in 1688 was owner of considerable property in land. On the approach of Tirconnell's troops, to occupy Derry, early in December 1688, he advised the citizens to take the defence into their own hands; and on the 11th he set out for London, carrying letters to William III. and the Irish Society, imploring assistance in men, provisions, arms, and ammunition. He did not return until the 11th of April, 1689, in time to help to counteract Lundy's design of delivering up the city. Appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of a regiment, he distinguished himself all through the heroic and successful defence. After the war was over, he was returned M.P. for Derry, a trust he ​continued to fulfil for the succeeding thirty years. He was also appointed Recorder, and filled other offices in the city. Under date 16th April 1697, he bitterly complains to the Lord-Lieutenant of the manner in which the city and its defenders had been treated by Government–"lying to this day in misery and rubbish, for its great zeal to his present Majesty and Government, when it might have had any conditions could be asked from the late King, if it would have surrendered." Mr. Cairnes died in 1722, aged about 77, and was buried, with all honours, in the Cathedral Churchyard of the city.
* ↑ Irishmen, Lives of Illustrious and Distinguished, Rev. James Wills, D.D. 6 vols. or 12 parts. Dublin, 1840–'7.
* ↑ Londonderry, Siege and History of: James Hempton. Londonderry, 1861.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Calhoun, Patrick

Layout 2
​Calhoun, Patrick, an early American settler, was born in Ireland in 1727. He left Ireland with his parents in early life and settled in Virginia, and afterwards in the interior of South Carolina, then a wilderness. He and his family suffered severely during the war with the French and the Indians. Shortly after the peace of 1763 he was elected a member of the provincial legislature, and continued a member of that and afterwards of the state legislature (with the intermission of a single term) till his death in 1796. In the war of the Revolution he took an early, decided, and active part against the British. His son John Caldwell Calhoun (born in South Carolina in 1782, died at Washington 1850) was Vice-President of the United States from 1825 to 1833, and held other important offices, and was undoubtedly the ablest and most uncompromising champion of slavery and the slave power in his day.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Cade, John

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Cade, John, said to have been an Irishman, a physician, whose real name was Aylmer, was induced in the summer of 1450 to assume the name of Mortimer, and to head a rising of Kentishmen, ostensibly as a protest against certain fines and taxes, really in the interest of Richard, Duke of York. He encamped, says Grafton the chronicler, "in good order of battaile" at Blackheath, and sent messages to Henry VI. and his council, "with louyng wordes, but with malicious entent." Henry marched against the insurgents, who retreated to Sevenoaks. There they defeated a detachment sent against them—the leaders of same. Sir Humphrey and Sir William Stafford, falling in the encounter. Henry VI. appeal's to have retreated into Warwickshire, committing to the Tower the unpopular Treasurer of England, Lord Say. We are told that Cade apparelled himself in the rich armour of the Staffords, "and so with pompe and glorie returned agagne towarde London," his forces being considerably augmented by contingents from Sussex and Surrey. He first entered Southwark, and then London itself, and he struck his sword on London stone, saying: "Now is Mortimer lorde of this citie;" after which, we are told by ​Grafton, "he rode in euery streete lyke a lordly captayne." At first he restrained the excesses of his followers, and protected life and property. On the 3rd July, however, he had Lord Say and others executed, and the citizens being subjected to wanton outrages, banded themselves together, and with the co-operation of Lord Scales, keeper of the Tower, drove Cade and his following, after a desperate encounter, across the bridge into Southwark. In the fighting many houses were burned, and numbers of women and children perished in the flames or by drowning. Cade's discomfiture was completed by the Archbishop of Canterbury and Bishop of Winchester secretly crossing the river, and disseminating among his followers the King's pardon to all who would peaceably return to their homes. Grafton, the chronicler, remarks: "Lord, howe glad the people were of this pardon … and how they accepted the same, in so much that the whole multitude, without bydding farewell to their Capitane, retired the same night, euery man to his own home, as men amazed and striken with feare." Cade fled disguised into Sussex—"but all his metamorphosis or transfiguration little prevayled, for after a proclamation made, that whoesoeuer could apprehend the sayed Iack Cade should haue for his paine a thousande markes, many sought for hym, but fewe espied hym, till one Alexander Iden, Esquire, of Kent, founde hym in a garden, and there in his defence, manfully slue the caytife Cade, and brought his dead bodie to London, whose head was set on London bridge."
* ↑ Biographical Dictionary: Rev. Hugh J. Rose. 12 vols. London, 1850.
* ↑ England, Popular History. Charles Knight. 8 vols. 1856–'62.
* ↑ Grafton, Richard: Chronicle of the History England. 2 vols. London, 1809.
* ↑ Viceroys of Ireland, History: John T. Gilbert. Dublin, 1865.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Cailte MacRonain

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Cailte MacRonain, one of the heroes of Fenian romance in the 3rd century, the beloved friend and follower of Finn MacCumhaill. His name appears on almost every page of many of the Fenian tales; yet we are told little definite concerning him. He was one of the "ancient men," fabled to have survived until the time of St. Patrick, and to have communicated to the Saint particulars concerning the heroes of Irish romance, and to have complained bitterly of the change from the glories of the past; as in "the Lamentation of Oisin after the Fenians," in The Transactions of the Ossianic Society:
"I am without mirth, without the chase, without music,  Amidst the monks and clerics;  Ever groaning and tearfully weeping,  Begging the shelter of the mean clergy. ****"Oft have I seen one feast alone  In the dwelling of the King of the Fenians,  Better than all that Patrick ever had  Or the whole body of the psalm-clerics."
* ↑ O'Curry, Eugene: Manuscript Materials of Ancient Irish History. Dublin, 1861.
* ↑ Ossianic Society Transactions for 1855. Dublin, 1857.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Caimin, Saint

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Caimin, Saint, abbot of Inishcaltra, Lough Derg, was a brother of Guaire, King of Connaught. He chose the life of an anchorite, and attracted large numbers to his island retreat by his piety and learning. A commentary on the 119th Psalm in his own hand is said to have been in the Franciscan convent of Donegal in Ware's days. His greatest desire was "that if the church were thronged with sick and infirm, he would wish, were he able, to take all their infirmities on himself, and bear them for the love of God and his neighbour." He died about 653. His festival is the 24th of March.
* ↑ Ecclesiastical History of Ireland: Rev. John Lanigan. 4 vols. Dublin, 1822.
* ↑ Martyrology of Donegal: Edited by J. H. Todd, D.D., and William Reeves, D.D. (I.A.S.) Dublin, 1864.
* ↑ Ware, Sir James, Works: Walter Harris. 2 vols. Dublin, 1764.
# A Compendium of Irish Biography/Caldwell, Hume

Find main topic
Layout 2
​Caldwell, Hume, Colonel, son of Sir James Caldwell of Castlecaldwell, was born in 1735. A soldier of fortune, he entered the Austrian service as a private, and rose by his bravery and devotion to the rank of colonel. He died of a wound received at Olmutz, 19th August 1762. A lengthened account of his career is given by Ryan.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bragelongne, Agnes de

Layout 2
BRAGELONGNE, AGNES DE,
A French poetess, lived In the 12th. century, in the reign of Philip Augustus. She was the daughter of the Count de Tonnerre, and was married when very young to the Count de Plancy, and after his death, to Henri de Craon, whom she had long loved, and to whom much of her poetry is addressed. The poem of "Gabriette de Vergy" which is only a romance versified, is attributed to this writer.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Brambati, Isotta

Layout 2
BRAMBATI, ISOTTA,
Of Bergamo, was a good classical scholar, and understood all the polite languages of Europe. She wrote poetry with great elegance; and is said to have managed several law-suits, pleading them herself, in the Senate of Milan, with consummate ability, and, what is more extraordinary, without being thought ridiculous. She was the wife of Girolamo Grumelli. She died in 1586. Some of her letters and poems were published by Comir Ventura, in Bergamo, in 1587.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bradstreet, Anne

Layout 2
BRADSTREET, ANNE,
Daughter of Thomas Dudley, governor of Massachusetts from 1634 to 1650, and wife of Simon Bradstreet, is entitled to remembrance as the author of the first volume of poetry published in America. Her work was dedicated to her father, and published in 1642. The title is, "Several Poems, compiled with great variety of wit and learning, full of delight; wherein especially is contained a complete discourse and description of the four elements, constitutions, ages of man, seasons of the year, together with an exact epitome of the three first monarchies, namely, the Assyrian, Persian, Grecian and Roman Commonwealth, from the beginning to the end of their last king, with divers other pleasant and serious poems. By a Gentlewoman of New England." She received for her poetical talents the title of the Tenth Muse, and the most distinguished men of the day were her friends, and the admirers of her genius. When we examine the poetry of that period, and see the miserable attempts at rhyme, made by the male writers, we must believe Mrs. Bradstreet was "as learned as her coadjutors, and vastly more poetical." The preface to the third edition, printed in 1668, thus sketches her character:—"It is the work of a woman honoured and esteemed where she lives for her gracious demeanour, her eminent parts, her pious conversation, her courteous disposition, her exact diligence in her place, and discreet management of her family occasions; and more so, these poems are the fruits of a few hours curtailed from her sleep, and other refreshments."
When Mrs. Bradstreet wrote her poems, she could have had no models, save Chaucer and Spenser. Milton had not become known as a writer when her work was published, and Shakspere was not read by the Puritans of New England. On the whole we think Anne Bradsteeet entitled to the place assigned to her by ​one of her biographers, "at the head of the American poets of that time." She died in 1672, aged sixty.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bregy, Charlotte Saumaise de Chazan, Comtesse de

Layout 2
BREGY, CHARLOTTE SAUMAISE DE CHAZAN, COMTESSE DE,
Niece of the learned Saumaise, (Salmasius,) was one of the ladies of honour to Queen Anne of Austria. She was distinguished for her beauty and wit, both of which she preserved to an advanced age; she died at Paris, April 13th., 1698, aged seventy-four. She wrote a collection of letters and verses in 1688, in which we meet with many ingenious thoughts; her poems turn almost entirely on metaphysical love, which employed her mind more than her heart But there are several pieces on other subjects. In one of them she gives a portrait of herself. Her personal appearance she describes as attractive; which all contemporary writers confirm, and therefore she might mention it without vanity. She corresponded with Henrietta, Queen of England; with Christina of Sweden; and with most of the illustrious characters of Europe.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bridget, or Brigit

Layout 2
BRIDGET, or BRIGIT,
And by contraction, St. Bride, a saint of the Romish church, and the patroness of Ireland, lived in the end of the fifth century. She was born at Fochard, in Ulster, soon after Ireland was converted, and she took the veil in her youth from the hands of St. Mel, a nephew and disciple of St. Patrick, She built herself a cell under a large oak, thence called Kill-dare, or the cell of the oak, and being joined by several women, they formed themselves into a religious community, which branched out into several other nunneries throughout Ireland, all of which acknowledged her as their foundress. She is commemorated in the Roman martyrology on the first of February.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bray, Mrs.

Layout 2
BRAY, MRS.,
Is a native of Devonshire. Her first husband was Charles Stothard, Esq., whom she greatly assisted in his antiquarian researches, and hence her knowledge of the arts and antiquities of her country. In 1836, she published a very amusing book, "Description of Devonshire, bordering on the Tamar and Tavy." In 1841, she produced an excellent description of her travels on the continent,—"The Mountains and Lakes of Switzerland," etc. She has besides published several novels, which are not without ​merit—but do not equal her graver works, "De Foix, or Sketches of Manners and Customs of the Fourteenth Century," "The Protestant," "Talba," "Trelawney of Trelawney." Her happiest literary effort is generally considered to be the "Traditions, Legends," etc. of Devonshire, in a series of letters to Southey, a book full of Information and entertainment. Mrs. Bray has set an example or fashion of literature, in which ladies might excel, vastly to their own advantage, as well as to the profit of society. Instead of vapid novels let us have vivid descriptions of natural scenery, and pictures of actual life.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Bratton, Martha

Layout 2
BRATTON, MARTHA,
A native of Rowan county, N. Carolina, married William Bratton, of South Carolina, and, during the Revolution, a colonel In the American army. While her husband was engaged with his troops away from home, Mrs. Bratton was often left to defend herself and the stores entrusted to her charge. At one time, she blew up the ammunition left under her care, when she saw that otherwise it would fall into the hands of the enemy, and boldly avowed the deed, that no one else might suffer for her act. When threatened with instant death by a British soldier, if she persisted in refusing to give information concerning her husband's retreat, she continued firm in her resolution. Being rescued by the intervention of an officer, she repaid the obligation by saving him from death, when taken prisoner by the American party, and by entertaining him at her house till he was exchanged. She died in 1816.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Brentano, Sophia

Layout 2
BRENTANO, SOPHIA,
(Her maiden name was Schubart,) was born in the year 1770, at Altenburg. She married, when quite a young girl, F. E. K. Thereau, professor at the University of Jena; in 1804, she was divorced from him, and married, in 1805, the author Clem. Brentano, with whom she lived in Frankfort, and afterwards in Heidelberg, ​where she died In 1806. As a poetess, she evinced a lively and highly cultivated imagination, great harmony in versification, combined with a high polish in her compositions. She published two volumes of poetry, at Berlin, 1800, "Amanda and Edward," at Frankfort, 1803, Spanish and Italian novelettes, in 1804, and various other minor tales.
# A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography/Brambati, Emilia

Layout 2
BRAMBATI, EMILIA,
Of Bergamo, was the wife of Ezechiello Solza, distinguished for her poetic talent, and for her eloquence. She became the pleader for the life of her brother, condemned to death by the Tribunal of Venice, and drew tears from the eyes of all the bystanders. Some of her poems remain.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 6:12

See also our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
Encyclopædia Navigation :
| ←Previous | C | C | Next→ |
| Compass — Conant | Conation — Concrete | Concrete — Conestoga | Coney Island — Congress |
| Compass Compass Plant Compayre, Jules Gabriel Compensation Compiègne Complement Compluvium Compositae Composite Order Composition Compound Compound Pier Comprador Compression Compromise Compromise Measures of 1850 Compsa Compton, Henry Comptroller Compurgation Comte, Auguste Comus Comyn, John Conacre Conant, Thomas Jefferson | Conation Conca, Sebastiano Concarneau Concepción (province) Concepción (Chile) Concepción (Paraguay) Concept Conceptualism Concert Concertina Concerto Conch Conchoid Concierge Concini, Concino Conclave Concord (Massachusetts) Concord (North Carolina) Concord (New Hampshire) Concord, Book of Concordance Concordat Concordia (goddess) Concordia (town) Concrete | Concrete (material) Concretion Concubinage Condé, Princes of Condé, Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, Louis II. de Bourbon, Prince of Condé Conde, José Antonio Condensation of Gases Condenser Conder, Charles Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de Condition Conditional Fee Conditional Limitation Condom Condor Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat, Marquis de Condottiere Conduction, Electric Conduction of Heat Cone Conecte, Thomas Conegliano Conestoga | Coney Island Confalonieri, Federico, Count Confarreatio Confectionery Confederate States of America Confederation Conference Confession Confessional Confession and Avoidance Confessor Confirmation Confirmation of Bishops Confiscation Confolens Confucius Congé d'Élire Congleton, Henry Brooke Parnell, 1st Baron Congleton Conglomerate Congo Congo Free State Congregation Congregationalism Congress |
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 6:3

See also our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
Encyclopædia Navigation :
| ←Previous | C | C | Next→ |
| Chilon — Chinese Pavillon | Chingford — Chislehurst | Chiswick — Chobe | Chocolate — Chorley |
| Chilon Chilperic Chiltern Hills Chiltern Hundreds Chilwa Chimaera Chimay Chime Chimere Chimesyan Chimkent Chimney Chimneypiece Chimpanzee China China (porcelain) Chinandega Chi-nan Fu Chincha Islands Chinchew Chinchilla Chinde Chindwin Chindwin, Upper and Lower Chinese Pavillon | Chingford Chingleput Chin Hills Chinkiang Chino-Japanese War Chinon Chinook Chinsura Chintz Chioggia Chios Chippendale, Thomas Chippenham Chippewa Falls Chipping Campden Chipping Norton Chiquitos Chiromancy Chiron Chiropodist Chiroptera Chiru Chirurgeon Chisel Chislehurst | Chiswick Chita Chitaldrug Chiton Chitral Chittagong Chittur Chitty, Sir Joseph William Chiusi Chivalry Chivasso Chive Chlopicki, Gregorz Jozef Chloral Chlorates Chlorine Chlorite Chloroform Chlorophyll Chlorosis Chlorpicrin Chmielnicki, Bogdan Choate, Joseph Hodges Choate, Rufus Chobe | Chocolate Choctaws Chodkiewicz, Jan Karol Chodowiecki, Daniel Nicolas Choerilus Choeroboscus, Georgius Choir Choiseul, César Choiseul, Étienne François Choiseul-Stainville, Claude Choisy, François Timoléon Cholera Cholet Cholon Cholones Cholula Chopin, Frederic François Chopsticks Choragus Chorale Choriambic Verse Choricius Chorin, Aaron Chorizontes Chorley, Henry Fothergill |