OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/La Follette, Robert Marion

Edition of 1920. See also Robert M. La Follette, Sr. on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
LA FOLLETTE, lạ fŏl-lĕt, Robert Marion, American statesman: b. Primrose, Wis., 14 June 1855. He was graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1879, and the next year was admitted to the bar. He became district attorney of Dane County in 1880, retaining that position till 1884, when he took up the regular practice of his profession. In 1887 he was elected to Congress, serving till 1891; he won reputation as an orator, and as a member of the Committee of Ways and Means took a prominent part in the framing of the McKinley Tariff Bill. At the close of his service in Congress he resumed his practice, and remained active in politics, becoming one of the leaders of the younger men in the Republican party. He took part in a campaign against the exclusive privileges of corporations and against the boss system. His two pamphlets, ‘Menace of the Machine’ and ‘The Nomination of Candidates by Australian Ballot’ (1897), attracted wide attention. In them he outlined his program for electoral reform in Wisconsin. He was elected governor of his State three times, 1900, 1902 and 1904. As governor he led in the movement for a direct primary law, for the equalization of taxation and the regulation of railroad rates. He resigned the governorship in 1905 to become United States senator and was re-elected in 1911. In the Senate he has demanded progressive legislation and has become well known for his advocacy of the physical valuation of railroads, his speeches on
railroad subjects showing him to be a profound student of these questions. He was prominently mentioned for the Presidential nomination in 1908, receiving 25 votes, and again in 1912. During the Taft administration he voted with the Democrats on some of the tariff schedules which were vetoed by the President. He remained in the Republican ranks in 1912, being strongly opposed to Roosevelt, the Progressive leader of that year. In the first Wilson administration his opinion was often consulted. He was the chief of a small filibustering pacifist group in the Senate which opposed the arming of American merchant vessels in the European War zone. His action was severely criticised by the people and press of the country.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kéler-Béla, Albert Von

Edition of 1920. See also Kéler Béla on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KÉLER-BÉLA, kā'lĕr-bā'lă, Albert Von, Austrian musical composer and violinist: b. Bartfeld, Hungary, 1820; d. 1882. Educated at Vienna, he became leader of the Gungl Band in Berlin in 1854. After several years' experience in the orchestra of the Theater an der Wien in Vienna in 1867 he became conductor of the Kur Orchestra in Vienna, a position he held until 1873. He was very popular as a composer of orchestra and dance music and he is still looked upon as one of the best of writers of violin solos.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Köckly, Hermann

Edition of 1920. See also Hermann Köchly on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KÖCKLY, kȯck'lǐ, Hermann, German philologist: b. Leipzig, 5 Aug. 1815; d. Trieste, 3 Dec. 1876. He studied at Leipzig, taught at the Saalfeld Progymnasium (1837) and at the Dresden Kreuzschule (1840). He fled to Brussels (1849) on account of his participation in the May insurrection, and was appointed professor of classical philology at Zürich (1851), and at Heidelberg (1864). He was a member of the Reichstag (1871-73) where he attached himself to the Progressive party. He wrote useful works on the Grecian epics and ancient military writers. To the first belong critical essays on Quintus Smyrnæus (Leipzig 1830); ‘Hesiod,’ in collaboration with Kinkel (1870); and an edition of 'Aratus, Manethonis, Maximi et aliorum astrologica' (Paris 1851); an edition of the text of ‘Apostelesmata’ (Leipzig 1858); ‘Dionysiaca of Nonnos’ (ib. 1858), also seven dissertations on ‘De Iliadis carminibus’ (Zürich 1850-59); ‘De diversis Hesiodeæ Theogoniæ partibus’ (Zürich 1860); three dissertations on ‘De Odysseæ carminibus’ (ib. 1862-63); ‘Opuscula epica IV’ (ib. 1864). On ancient military subjects were ‘Geschichte des Griechischen Kriegswissens’ (Aarau 1852);
‘Grieschische Kriegsschriftstelles’ (Leipzig 1853-55); ‘Enleitung in Cäsars Kommentarien über den gallischen Krieg’ (Gotha 1857); ‘Onosandri de imperatoris officio Liber’ (Leipzig 1860). Others of his works are editions of Arrian's ‘Anabasis’ (1861); ‘Euripides’ and ‘Iphigenia in Taurien’ (1863); ‘Medea’ (1867), and capital translations, especially of Cæsar, Aæschylus, etc. A collection of his smaller works is found in his ‘Opuscula academica’ (Leipzig 1853-56); ‘Akademische Vorträge und Reden’ (Zürich 1856); ‘Opuscula philologica’ (Leipzig 1881-82). Consult Hug, ‘Hermann Köckly’ (Basle 1878); Böckel, ‘Hermann Köckly, ein Bild seines Lebens und seiner Persönlichkeit’ (Heidelberg 1904).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Körner, Karl Theodor

Edition of 1920. See also Theodor Körner (author) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KÖRNER, Karl Theodor, German poet: b. Dresden, 23 Sept. 1791; d. 26 Aug. 1813. After studies at Freiberg, Leipzig and Berlin, young Körner, through Kotzebue's influence, was appointed dramatist to a Vienna theatre, and wrote light comedies such as ‘The Green Mask’ and ‘The Night Watches,’ and some tragedies, of which ‘Zriny’ was the most successful. In the uprising of the German nation against Napoleon, Körner not only displayed heroic personal courage in many encounters, but wrote numerous patriotic songs. These were published in 1814 under the title of ‘Lyre and Sword.’ The most famous of these pieces is the ‘Sword Song,’ composed only a few hours before the author fell in a skirmish between Schwerin and Gadebusch.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Köberle, Georg

Edition of 1920. See also Georg Köberle on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KÖBERLE, kė'bėr-lĕ, Georg, German author and dramatist; b. Nonnenhorn, on Lake Constance, 21 March 1819; d. Dresden, 7 June 1898. He studied at the Augsburg Gymnasium and then at the Collegium Germanicum, Rome, from which he ran away. He next studied philosophy and law at Munich. He went to Leipzig (1846) where he published ‘Aufzeichnungen eines Jesuitenzöglings im deutschen Kolleg in Rom.’ His dramatic career commenced with his five-act play ‘Die Mediceer’ (Mannheim 1849), followed by the tragedy, ‘Heinrich IV von Frankreich’ (Leipzig 1851). Later came the festival play, ‘Des Künstlers Weihe’; ‘Zweischen Himmel und Erde’; ‘George Washington’; ‘Die Heldin von Yorktown,’ etc. He was stage-manager at Heidelberg (1853-56). He wrote ‘Die Theaterkrisis im neuen deutschen Reich’ (Stuttgart 1872), which led to his being appointed director of the Court Theatre at Karlsruhe the same year. He lived at Mannheim in 1873, then went to Vienna and Dresden and wrote since then the following works: ‘Meine Erlebnisse als Hoftheaterdirektor’ (2d ed., Leipzig 1874); ‘Berliner Leimruten und deutsche Gimpel’ (ib. 1875); ‘Brennende Theaterfragen’ (Vienna 1877); ‘Das Drangsal der deutschen Schaubühne’ (Dresden 1890). He also wrote the novel ‘Alles um ein Nichts’ (3 vols., Leipzig 1871). The Archduke of Baden allowed him a pension of 5,000 marks annually.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Köppen, Peter Ivanovitch

Edition of 1920. See also Koeppen, Peter on slavistik.uni-potsdam.de, and the disclaimer.
KÖPPEN, kėp'pĕn, Peter Ivanovitch, Russian archæologist: b. Kharkov, Russia, 19 Feb. 1793; d. Karabagh, Crimea, 4 June 1864. He was educated at the University of Kharkov and subsequently traveled widely in order to procure historical and archæological material for his work. The outcome of his investigations, written in German, is comprised in the reports of the Academy of Saint Petersburg, but among other works of his are ‘Kulturgeschichte Russlands’ (1825) and his famous ‘Ethnographical Map of European Russia’ (1851).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Körner, Christian Gottfried

Edition of 1920. See also Christian Gottfried Körner on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KÖRNER, kėr'nėr, Christian Gottfried, German jurist and intimate of Schiller: b. Leipzig, 2 July 1756; d. Berlin, 13 May 1831. He studied law at Göttingen and Leipzig and took his degrees in the latter. He then traveled abroad (1779), was appointed councillor of the Consistorial Court at Leipzig (1781), chief judge of the Court of Appeals (1790), privy referendarius in the Privy Council (1798), and was then returned to the Court of Appeals (1811). His strong tendency toward science and art made his home the rendezvous of prominent men in this sphere. He was one of the most trusted and influential friends of Schiller, who resided (1785-87) on his Loschwitz vineyard or his home at Dresden. While Leipzig was under the occupation of the Russian army
he was created government councillor, and was appointed (1815) Privy Councillor of the Prussian Ministry of the Interior, becoming Privy Councillor in Chief. He instigated the first edition of Schiller's works with a biographical sketch (Stuttgart 1812-15). Among his well-known works are ‘Æsthetische Ansichten’ (Leipzig 1808); ‘Versuche über Gegenstände der innern Stadtsverwaltung’ (Dresden 1812); ‘Deutschlands Hoffnungen’ (Leipzig 1813). Of much importance are his ‘Schillers Briefwechsel mit Körner’ (Berlin 1847), enlarged edition by Goedeke (Leipzig 1874); ‘Briefe Wilhelm von Humboldts an Körner,’ issued by F. Jonas (Berlin 1879). His collected works, ‘Gesammelte Schriften,’ together with a biography, were published by A. Stern (Leipzig 1881). Consult Jonas, ‘Christian Gottfried Körner, biographischer Nachrichten über ihn und sein Haus’ (Berlin 1882); Weber, W., ‘Briefe der Familie Körner’ (in Deutsche Rundschau, Vols. XV-XVI).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Köhler, Walther Erich

Edition of 1920. See also the article on him in The new Schaff-Herzog encyclopedia of religious knowledge at Google Books, and the disclaimer.
KÖHLER, Walther Erich, German church historian: b. Elberfeld, 27 Dec. 1870. He studied at Halle, Heidelberg, Strassburg, Bonn and Tübingen. He became private teacher (docent) of church history at Giessen (1900), and associate professor (1904) and was appointed professor of church history at Zürich (1909). He belongs to the critical school of theology. Among his works are ‘Die katholischen Kirchen des Morgenlandes’ (Darmstadt 1896); ‘Luther und die Kirchengeschichte’ (Erlangen 1900); ‘Reformation und Ketzerprozess’ (Tübingen 1901); ‘Dokumente zum Ablasstreit von 1517’ (1902); ‘Die Entstehung des Problems Staat und Kirche’ (1903); ‘Ein Wort zu Denifles Luther’ (1904); ‘Die Anfänge des Pietismus in Giessen 1689-95’ (Giessen 1907); ‘Kritische Ausgabe von Luthers fünfjhundneunzig Thesen mit Gegenschriften’ (Leipzig 1903); ‘Der Gnostizismus’ (1911); ‘Ausgewählte Schriften des Erasmus von Rotterdam’ (1914).
# The Death of Lincoln

Oh, slow to smite and swift to spare, Gentle and merciful and just! Who, in the fear of God, didst bear The sword of power, a nation's trust!
In sorrow by thy bier we stand, Amid the awe that hushes all, And speak the anguish of a land That shook with horror at thy fall.
Thy task is done; the bond of free; We bear thee to an honored grave, Whose proudest monument shall be The broken fetters of the slave.
Pure was thy life; its bloody close Hath placed thee with the sons of light, Among the noble host of those Who perished in the cause of Right.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The English Historical Review/Volume 37/Early Notes of Fines

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Early Notes of Fines
The Notes of Fines practically duplicate the information contained in the better-known Feet of Fines, and for this reason they have generally been used only to make good gaps or defects in the latter series. It has recently been observed, however, in the study of Fines by Sir H. C. Maxwell Lyte for Somersetshire and by Canon C. W. Foster for Lincolnshire, that some of the earliest Notes have not been engrossed as Feet, and that these can be distinguished by the absence of endorsement with the letter 'H'.
The earliest Notes preserved are not dated, but mostly appear to belong to the latter part of the reign of Edward I. Then for a period, beginning in Easter term, 2 [Edward II], the day and regnal year are given, but not the name of the king. This first appears in Hilary term, 12–13 Edward III, and is regularly given afterwards.
The original files of Notes for Edward III and later are made up in terms, the covers usually being endorsed 'Note ingrossate' with the term. The only files for Edward II which still remain unbroken are made up in counties, with cover endorsements such as 'De omnibus annis Ed. II in com' Dors' '; the Notes being endorsed with the letter 'H', signifying engrossment. There are also some covers for early files endorsed 'Veteres note', 'Nove note', and 'Note ingrossande', which presumably contained Notes before engrossment. Although the files are broken, the two classes of Notes have been kept separate; those not engrossed belonging to the reigns of Edward I and II, and those ​engrossed to the reigns of Edward II and later. Entries on the Curia Regis Rolls show that Notes were made in the time of Richard I or earlier; but apparently they were not at first thought worth preserving.
The effect of a Note which has not been engrossed is doubtful. Coke says: 'Yet a fine, before it is engrossed, is a perfect record, and may be executed, and the conusee ought to sue out his quid iuris clamat, per quae servitia or quem redditum reddit, as his case lies, before the engrossment of the fine.' Against this, a few of the Notes have endorsements showing that action was delayed. In a Norfolk case 'Finis iste non ingrossetur sine precepto iustic.' In a Kent case the tenant for life was a minor: 'Ideo quo ad ipsum remaneat cognicio usque ad etatem,' &c.
A careful study of the De Banco Rolls will throw more light on this subject, but from their bulk it must be slow and laborious. In any case, the information given in an unengrossed Note is of value; for the transaction was certainly contemplated, and may have been completed by deed.
R. C. Fowler.
* ↑ Final Concords (Lincoln Record Society), II. xxiii.
* ↑ Readings on Fines, vol. i.
# The English Historical Review/Volume 37/The Birth of Thomas North

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The Birth of Thomas North
The records printed below were found in January 1920 in the library at Wroxton; Lord North kindly permits them to be published. They are on a single sheet of paper, which was lying between the leaves of a copy of Erasmus' edition of Seneca, printed by Froben at Basle in 1515. The handwriting is that of Edward, first Lord North (†31 December 1564), who was the ​father of the first family (nos. 1–4). The records of his grandchildren he added later. The whole paper is clearly authentic; its special interest lies in fixing the date of the birth of the translator of the Diall of Princes and of Amyot's Plutarch, which has hitherto only been conjectured approximately.
No. 5 was the son of Crystyan North (no. 3): in view of her age the year-date should probably be interpreted as 1550/1. No. 6 (obliterated in the original) is no doubt a boy who died as an infant; for only three children of Roger, second Lord North, are known, nos. 7–9. In no. 4 there is a small discrepancy; for 7 September 1537 was a Friday. The numbers assigned and the dates in brackets are not in the original.
Details of the North family history may be read in Lady Frances Bushby's Three Men of the Tudor Time, London, 1911.
P. S. Allen.
   1. Roger North was borne in the paryshe of St. Thomas Thorppestyll in London, a$^o$m. d. xxx on the sondaye betwene the howers of tenne and xj, beyng the xxvijth of february ⟨27 February 1530/1⟩.
   2. Thomas North was borne in London the frydaye next after Corpus Crysti daye betwene the howers of ix and tenne in the night in the paryshe of St. Alban's in Woodstreate a$^o$dñi m. d. xxxv ⟨28 May 1535⟩.
   3. Crystyan North was borne at Mardyche in Essex the vjth of Julye betwene the howers of iij and iiij$^{or}$ in the mornyng a dni a$^o$dñi m. d. xxxiij ⟨6 July 1533⟩.
   4. Marye North was borne the thursdaye beynge the vijth of September betwene the howers of xij and one of the same daye a$^o$m.d. xxxvij ⟨7 September 1537⟩.
   5. Edward lord Harbert, sonne of Wyllm̄. Erle of Wursyto$^r$, was borne the xxth of marche betwene the howers of tenne and xj of the forenoone in the howse of S$^r$ Edward North [neare Smythfyld] knyght, callyd the late Chartehowse neare London, a$^o$m.d. l (22 March 1550/1).
   (v$^o$).
   6. Northe, sonne to Roger North, was borne on the xjth of february a$^o$vj$^{to}$ R.E. vj$^{ti}$ at Seynt Bartylme⟨w⟩ in Smythfyld in the howse of betweene the howers of tenne and xj of the forenoone, and was crystynyd by ⟨11 February 1552⟩.
   7. John North, sonne of Roger North esquyer, was borne at Lyes in Essex.
   8. Marye North, doughter of the sayed Roger, was in lyke wyse borne there the
   9. Henrye North, sonne of the sayed Roger, was borne at the howse of the [sayed] lord North neare London, sometyme callyd the Charterhowse, the xxviiith daye of december, beynge Chyldermasse daye a$^o$dñi m. d. lvj, & was cryseyned ⟨by⟩ therle of Arrundell, the lord Lumley beyng hys deputye, and by the L. Darcye of Essex, the Cowntesse of Wursytor beynge hys godmother ⟨28 December 1556⟩.
# The English Historical Review/Volume 37/An Early Grant to Sebastien Cabot

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An Early Grant to Sebastian Cabot
The search for documents illustrative of the enterprises of the Cabots has been so minute and apparently exhaustive that the accidental discovery of a hitherto unpublished privy seal of Henry VII concerning the grant of an annuity to Sebastian Cabot was unexpected. The official documents connected with ​the early exploration of the 'newfound lands' across the Atlantic have been collected and edited by Mr. H. P. Biggar in his volume on The Precursors of Jacques Cartier, 1497–1534. They contain no mention of Sebastian apart from his father before 1512, nor do any of his published biographies yield any separate trace of him before that year. The following document is therefore of interest as showing that the explorer was in England and in the king's service in 1504 at the time when the enterprises of Eliot and Asshehurst for the colonization of the newly discovered lands were still active. Our knowledge of his work is carried back eight years earlier than the time when in 1512 we hear of him in Spain as an adviser to King Ferdinand in matters of exploration.
Arthur Percival Newton.
   Exchequer, K.R. Memoranda Roll, 20 Henry VII. Brevia directa Baronibus de termino Sanctae Trinitatis Anno xx$^{mo}$ H. vij. Ro. 6 dors.
   Pro Sebastiano Caboot. Henry by the grace of God king of England and of France and lord of Irland. To the Tresourer and Barons of o$^r$ Eschequer greting. Where we by oure othre lres of priue seal bering date of thes presents have comaunded the custumers and collectours of oure custumes in o$^r$ Town and poort of Bristowe in consideracion of the diligent seruice and attendaunce that o$^r$ wellbeloued Sebastian Caboot Venycian hath doon unto us in and aboute the same to content and paye unto hym an annuytie of ten pounds sterlings to be taken and yerely percyved during our pleasure by the hands of o$^r$ said custumers & collectours in o$^r$ said poort of the revenues coming and growing yerely of o$^r$ said custumes there that is to say at the fest of Saint Michell tharchangell fyve pounds and at the fest of thannunciacion of o$^r$ blissed lady fyve pounds by even porcions the first fyve pounds to be payde at the fest of thannunciacion of oure lady next before the date herof as in oure said lres, is conteigned more at large. We therfor woll and charge you that in thaccompte or accompts which the said custumers and collectours be in yilding or shall yilde unto us of theire said office ye duly allowe acquite and discharge them of the said yerely annuitie of x li. according to oure graunt afore rehersed any matier of cause you moeving to the contrary notwithstanding. Yeuen undre oure priue Seal at o$^r$ manour of Grenewiche the iij$^{de}$ day of Aprill the xxth yere of o$^r$ Reigne.
   Bolman.
# The English Historical Review/Volume 37/Some Early Foreign Office Registers in the Public Record Office

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Some Early Foreign Office Registers at the Public Record Office
In view of the statement made before the late Royal Commission on Public Records that the registration of correspondence by the Foreign Office began in 1810 and that the appropriate registers and indexes are still preserved in that department, the following notes on certain early, rough registers which have been transferred, together with the great majority of the Foreign Office records, to the Public Record Office may be of some use to the student of those archives, who may have noted the reference numbers endorsed on much of the correspondence of this period without being in a position to refer to the actual records of the system employed, while it is understood that the series of registers at Whitehall are to this day of such present use that their transfer—even that of the earliest volumes—is extremely improbable. The volumes hereunder to be described are preserved among the first miscellaneous series (class F.O. 95) of the Foreign Office records and appear to have been duplicated or abstracted from the general registers for the immediate convenience of the two provinces. Those of the north (F.O. 95/381, 382, 446, and 447) are intermittent, of no great value and somewhat carelessly compiled, but, on the contrary, the registers of the south (F.O. 95/380 and 383–6) form a complete and handy chronological series of in-letters and of many, if not most, of the out-letters from December 1809 to December 1816, each of the former kind being entered under its registration number. There remains one unimportant, isolated volume (F.O. 95/448), covering apparently both provinces and perhaps compiled from a point of view unconnected with the traditional division. All, except F.O. 95/386, 447 and 448, are stamped 'Diary', and this contemporary nomenclature, adopted, as to F.O. 95/380–6, in the compilation of the official list, has tended to obscure their import. An incidental result of the employment of these registers will be the definite identification as such of those 'Southern' Foreign Office papers which have strayed into the Wellesley and Liverpool collections of the British Museum.
C. S. B. Buckland.
* ↑ First Report of the Royal Commission on Public Records, iii. 57–8, 99. 1663, 1700 (evidence of Mr. R. W. Brant, librarian of the Foreign Office). Cf. Second Report, i. 17, ii. 11.
* ↑ On F.O. 95/447 'Register' is written by hand. F.O. 95/448 lacks inscription, both front and back, while part of the back of F.O. 95/386 is now missing.
* ↑ The lettering is contemporary.
* ↑ See Public Record Office, Lists and Indexes, xli. 129.
* ↑ See [C.] H. Jenkinson, Manual of Archive Administration, p. 158, n. 1, ad init.
# The Grave (Blair)

* The Grave (1788)
* Grave, a poem, or, A view of life, death and immortality (1806)
# The Grave Yard

My heart grows sick before the wide-spread death, That walks and speaks in seeming life around; And I would love the corse without a breath, That sleeps forgotten 'neath the cold, cold ground; For these do tell the story of decay, The worm and rotten flesh hide not nor lie; But this, though dying too from day to day, With a false show doth cheat the longing eye; And hide the worm that gnaws the core of life, With painted cheek and smooth deceitful skin; Covering a grave with sights of darkness rife, A secret cavern filled with death and sin; And men walk o'er these graves and know it not, For in the body's health the soul's forgot.