OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fleming, James (1534?-1558)

​FLEMING, JAMES, fourth Lord Fleming (1534?–1558), lord high chamberlain of Scotland, was the eldest son of Malcolm, third lord Fleming, lord high chamberlain, by his wife Johanna or Jonet Stewart, natural daughter of James IV. The father, who had been taken prisoner at the rout of Solway in 1542, and had been tried and acquitted of treason in 1545 for his connection with the English party, was slain at the battle of Pinkie 10 Sept. 1547. In August 1548 young Fleming, along with Lord Erskine, accompanied the young Queen Mary to France, Lady Fleming, his mother, being governess to the queen. He also accompanied the queen dowager into France in 1549 (Keith, Hist. i. 135). On 21 Dec. 1553 he was continued great chamberlain of Scotland for life (Reg. Mag. Sig. 1546–80, entry 877). About the same time he was appointed guardian of the east and middle marches, and invested ​with a power of justiciary within the limits of his jurisdiction. He was one of the eight commissioners elected by parliament 8 Dec. 1557 to represent the Scottish nation at the nuptials of Queen Mary with Francis, dauphin of France, 24 April 1558. Though the commissioners agreed to swear fealty to the king-dauphin as the husband of the queen, they affirmed that their instructions did not permit them to agree that he should receive the ensigns of royalty. They were thereupon requested to support this proposal in the Scottish parliament, but when they left for Scotland, the French court appears to have been doubtful of the intentions of certain members of the commission. In such circumstances the death of four of their number on the way home awakened grave suspicions that they had been designedly poisoned. The Earls of Rothes and Cassilis and Bishop Reid succumbed sooner to the attack than Fleming, who, in the hope of recovery, returned to Paris, but died there on 18 Dec. By his marriage to Lady Barbara Hamilton, eldest daughter of James, duke of Chatelherault, he had one daughter, Jane, married first to John lord Thirlestane, who died 3 Oct. 1595; and secondly, to John, fifth earl of Cassilis, by neither of whom had she any issue.
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century

* information about this edition.
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Shortcut: DCBL
1911 religious encyclopedia of biographies, and is a successor edition to the Smith's work Dictionary of Christian Biography
A DICTIONARY OF
CHRISTIAN BIOGRAPHY
AND LITERATURE
TO THE END OF THE SIXTH CENTURY A.D., WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINCIPAL SECTS AND HERESIES
EDITED BY
HENRY WACE, D.D.
DEAN OF CANTERBURY
AND
WILLIAM C. PIERCY, M.A.
DEAN AND CHAPLAIN OF WHITELANDS COLLEGE, S.W.
IN ONE VOLUME
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W.
1911
* Preface
* List of Writers
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1924, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 99 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Abgar

​Abgar. [ Thaddaeus.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Acephali

​Acephali (from ἀ and κεφαλή, those without a head or leader) is a term applied:—(1) To the bishops of the oecumenical council of Ephesus in 431, who refused to follow either St. Cyril or John of Antioch—the leaders of the two parties in the Nestorian controversy. (2) To a radical branch of Monophysites, who rejected not only the oecumenical council of Chalcedon in 451, but also the Henoticon of the emperor Zeno, issued in 482 to the Christians of Egypt, to unite the orthodox and the Monophysites. Peter Mongus, the Monophysite patriarch of Alexandria, subscribed this compromise [ Acacius (7) ]; for this reason many of his party, especially among the monks, separated from him, and were called Acephali. They were condemned, under Justinian, by a synod of Constantinople, 536, as schismatics, who sinned against the churches, the pope, and the emperor. Cf. Mansi, Conc. tom. viii. p. 891 sqq.; Harduin, Conc. tom. ii, 1203 sqq.; Walch, Ketzerhistorie, vol. vii.; Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, vol. ii. pp. 549, 744. (3) To the clerici vagi, i.e. clergymen belonging to no diocese (as in Isid. Hispal. de Offic. Eccl., the so-called Egbert's Excerpts, 160, and repeatedly in Carlovingian Councils: see Du Cange) [D. C. A. art. Vagi Clerici ]. (4) It is said to be used sometimes for αὐτοκέφαλοι. [D. C. A. art. Autocephali.]
[P.S.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Adamantius (1)

​Adamantius (1). [ Origen.]
# Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/A

* Abercius
* Abgar
* Acacius (2), bishop of Caesarea
* Acacius (4), bishop of Beroea
* Acacius (7), patriarch of Constantinople
* Acephali
* Adamantius (1)
* Aerius, founder of the heretical sect of the Aerians
* Aetius
* Africanus, Julius
* Agapetus
* Agatha
* Agnes
* Agnoëtae
* Alaric
* Albanus
* Albion
* Alexander, St., archbishop of Alexandria
* Alexander, St., bishop of Byzantium
* Alexander, bishop of Hierapolis Euphratensis
* Alexander, bishop of Jerusalem
* Alexander I., bishop of Rome
* Alogians, or Alogi
* Ambrosiaster, or Pseudo-Ambrosius
* Ambrosius (1) of Alexandria
* Ambrosius (2)
* Ambrosius, St., bishop of Milan
* Ammon (or Amon), St.
* Ammonius
* Ammonius Saccas
* Amphilochius (1), archbishop of Iconium
* Amphilochius (2), bishop of Sida
* Anastasia
* Anastasius (1), a presbyter of Antioch
* Anastasius I., bishop of Rome
* Anastasius II., bishop of Rome
* Anastasius Sinaita
* Anatolius, bishop of Constantinople
* Anatolius, bishop of Laodicea in Syria Prima
* Ancyra, Seven Martyrs of
* Andreas of Caesarea
* Andreas Samosatensis
* Anicetus
* Anomoeans
* Anonomastus
* Anthimus
* Anthropolatrae
* Anthropomorphitae
* Antidikomarianitae
* Antiochus (1), bishop of Ptolemais
* Antipopes
* Antoninus, Pius
* Antonius
* Aphraat (Aphrahat, Farhad)
* Aphthartodocetae
* Apion
* Apolinaris, or Apolinarius Claudius
* Apollinarianism, Apollinarians, Apollinarists
* Apollinaris, St. and martyr
* Apollinaris the Elder
* Apollinaris the Younger
* Apollonius, martyr
* Apollonius of Ephesus
* Apollonius of Tyana
* Apostolic Fathers
* Apostolici
* Apphianus, or Appianus, or Amphianus
* Aquila
* Archelaus
* Arethas, and Andreas
* Arinthaeus
* Aristides
* Aristion
* Aristo Pellaeus
* Arius
* Arius, Followers of
* Arnobius
* Arnobius, Junior
* Arsacius
* Arsenius
* Artemon, Artemonites
* Asterius (1), bishop of Arabia
* Asterius (2), bishop of Amasea in Pontus
* Athanasius, St., archbishop of Alexandria
* Athanasius (1), bishop of Anagastus in Cilicia Secunda
* Athanasius (2), Arian bishop of Scythopolis
* Athanasius (3), bishop of Perrha
* Athanasius (4), bishop of Ancyra in N. Galatia
* Athenagoras
* Atticus, archbishop of Constantinople
* Attila
* Augustinus, Aurelius
* Augustinus, St., archbishop of Canterbury
* Aurelian
* Aurelius, Marcus
* Ausonius, Decimus Magnus
* Avitus, Alcimus Ecdicius, archbishop of Vienne
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hispallus

​HISPALLUS, an agnomen of Cn. Cornelius Scipio, consul in b. c. 176. [Scipio.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hispo, Cornelius

[W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Histiaea

[L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hirpinus, Quinctius

[W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hispala Fecenia

[W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hispo Romanus

​HISPO ROMANUS. [Romanus.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hirrius

[W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hirtuleius

[W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hisagus

[L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hippys

[P. S.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Du Bosc, Claude

​DU BOSC, CLAUDE (1682–1745?), engraver, was born in France in 1682. In 1712 he came to England with Claude Dupuis to assist Nicholas Dorigny [q. v.] in engraving the cartoons of Raphael at Hampton Court, where he resided for some time, until the engravings were nearly completed. Dorigny having some disagreement with his assistants, they left him; Dupuis returned to Paris, and Du Bosc set up as an engraver on his own account. He prepared a set of engravings done by himself from the cartoons, but Dorigny's engravings, being superior, held the day. In February 1714 Du Bosc undertook with Louis Du Guernier [q. v.] to engrave a series of plates illustrative of the battles of the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene. He sent to Paris for two more engravers, Bernard Baron [q. v.] and Beauvais, to help him to complete this work, which was accomplished in 1717. Vertue states that towards the end of 1729 Baron and Du Bosc went over to Paris, Du Bosc wishing to arrange matters relating to the trade of print-selling, as he had now set up a shop, and that Vanloo then painted both their portraits, which they brought to England. In 1733 he published an English edition of Bernard Picart's ‘Religious Ceremonies of All Nations,’ some of the plates being engraved by himself. Among other prints engraved by him were ‘Apollo and Thetis’ and ‘The Vengeance of Latona,’ after Jouvenet; some of the ‘Labours of Hercules’ and ‘The Sacrifice of Iphigenia,’ after Louis Cheron; ‘The Head of Pompey brought to Cæsar,’ after B. Picart; ‘The Continence of Scipio,’ after N. Poussin; ‘The Temple of Solomon,’ after Parmentière; a portrait of Bonaventura Giffard, and numerous book-illustrations for the publishers, including numerous plates for Rapin's ‘History of England’ (folio, 1743). His drawing was often faulty, and his style devoid of interest.
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Du Guernier, Louis

Date of birth 1687 in the ODNB.
​DU GUERNIER, LOUIS (1677–1716), engraver, born in Paris in 1677, was probably a descendant of the well-known French artists of the same name. He was a pupil of Louis de Chatillon, and came to England in 1708. He was a member of the academy in Great Queen Street, and gained considerable skill as a designer, etcher, and engraver there. He was eventually chosen one of the directors, and remained so until he died. He was specially employed on small historical subjects, as illustrations to books and plays. In 1714 he was associated with Claude du Bosc [q. v.] in engraving the battles of the Duke of Marlborough. Among other plates engraved by him were portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Queensberry after Kneller, Dr. Isaac Barrow, Thomas Otway, and others; also an engraving of ‘Lot and his Daughters,’ after Michel Angelo da Caravaggio, done at the request of Charles, lord Halifax, and some plates for Baskett's large Bible. He died of small-pox 19 Sept. 1716, aged 39. Vertue says that ‘he was of stature rather low than middle size, very obliging, good temper, gentleman-like, and well beloved by all of his acquaintance.’
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dubourdieu, Isaac

​DUBOURDIEU, ISAAC (1597?–1692?), French protestant minister at Montpellier, was driven from that place in 1682, and took refuge in London, where he is said by a contemporary author to have ‘held primary rank’ among his fellow pastors, and to have been ‘wise, laborious, and entirely devoted to the welfare of the refugee church.’ In 1684 he published ‘A Discourse of Obedience unto Kings and Magistrates, upon the Anniversary of his Majesties Birth and Restauration,’ and continued to preach in the Savoy Chapel, of which he was one of the ministers, at least as late as 1692. The exact dates of both his birth and death are uncertain.
F. T. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Duane, Matthew

​DUANE, MATTHEW (1707–1785), coin collector and antiquary, was born in 1707 (Duane's mural monument; Gent. Mag. says 1703). He was a lawyer by profession, and was eminent as a conveyancer. Charles Butler [q. v.] was his pupil, and he published reports of cases in the king's bench under John Fitzgibbon. Duane devoted much of his time to antiquarian studies, especially numismatics. His coin collection was chiefly formed from the Oxford, Mead, Folkes, Webb, Torremozze, and Dutens cabinets. He sold his Syriac medals in 1776 to Dr. William Hunter, who presented them to Glasgow University. Dutens published in 1774 ‘Explication de quelques Médailles Phéniciennes du Cabinet de M. Duane.’ Duane employed F. Bartolozzi to engrave twenty-four plates of the coins of the Greek kings of Syria, a series which he specially collected. These plates were first published in 1803 in Gough's ‘Coins of the Seleucidæ.’ Bartolozzi was also employed to engrave coins of the kings of Macedonia (from Amyntas I to Alexander the Great) in Duane's collection. The plates were issued in a quarto volume without date. Duane discovered and purchased ten quarto volumes of the ‘Brunswick Papers,’ and placed them in the hands of Macpherson for the latter's ‘Original Papers concerning the Secret History of Great Britain,’ &c. 1775. Among his friends was Giles Hussey, the artist, many of whose works he possessed. Duane was a fellow of the Royal Society and of the Society of Antiquaries, and was a trustee of the British Museum, to which institution he presented minerals, antiquities, and miscellaneous objects in 1764–77. He died in Bedford Row, London, on 6 (mural monument) or 7 (Gent. Mag.) Feb. 1785, from a paralytic stroke. He was buried in the St. George's porch of St. Nicholas Church, Newcastle, and there is a monument to him on the south wall of the church. His coins and medals were sold by auction 3 May 1785, and a catalogue was printed. His library, together with that of his nephew and heir, Michael Bray, was sold in London in April 1838 by Leigh and Sotheby. Duane married Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Dawson. She died in 1799.
W. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Du Bois, Dorothea

​DU BOIS, Lady DOROTHEA (1728–1774), authoress, was the eldest daughter of Richard Annesley [q. v.], afterwards sixth earl of Anglesey, by Ann Simpson, daughter of a wealthy merchant of Dublin. She was born in Ireland in 1728, one year after her father had become Lord Altham. In 1737 he succeeded to the earldom. At this time the earl made provision for his countess and her children, assigning 10,000l. a year to Dorothea; but about 1740 he repudiated his marriage, declared his children illegitimate, and turned them all out of doors. An action brought by the countess in 1741 resulted in an interim order for a payment by the earl of 4l. per week; but this payment was never made, and the ladies suffered the greatest distress. About 1752 Dorothea secretly married Du Bois, a French musician, and became the mother of six children. In 1759 she heard that her father had made a will leaving her 5s., in quit of all demands, as his natural daughter; and in 1760, on recovery from the birth of her sixth child, she undertook a journey to Camolin Park, Wexford, where he was lying ill, to induce him to acknowledge his marriage with her mother. She was repulsed with much indignity by the woman then claiming to be the earl's wife. In 1761 the earl died, his estates devolving on the son of the wife in possession. Lady Dorothea then laid the whole story before the world in ‘Poems by a Lady of Quality,’ which she dedicated to the king, and published by subscription at Dublin in 1764. In 1765 her mother died. In 1766 Dorothea published ‘The Case of Ann, Countess of Anglesey, lately Deceased,’ appealing for help to prosecute her claims; with the same object she ​issued ‘Theodora,’ a novel, in 1770, dedicated to the Countess of Hertford. In 1771 she published ‘The Divorce,’ 4to, a musical entertainment sung at Marylebone Gardens in 1772; and ‘The Haunted Grove,’ another musical entertainment by her, not printed, was acted at Dublin. About 1772 she brought out ‘The Lady's Polite Secretary,’ preceded by a ‘Short English Grammar.’ Meanwhile, the Anglesey estates were subject to lawsuits from various sides, but none of them benefited Lady Dorothea, and her life was passed in bitter poverty. She died in Grafton Street, Dublin, of an apoplectic fit, early in 1774.
J. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dubois, Charles

​DUBOIS, CHARLES (d. 1740), treasurer to the East India Company, lived at Mitcham, Surrey, where he had a garden filled with the newest exotics at that time in course of introduction. As regards botany, he seems to have been chiefly a patron rather than a worker; thus he appears as one of twelve English subscribers to Micheli's ‘Nova Genera,’ 1728. His name, however, occurs as having contributed observations to the third edition of Ray's ‘Synopsis,’ 1724. His dried plants occupy seventy-four folio volumes, the entire number of specimens being about thirteen thousand, and are in excellent preservation; they form part of the herbarium at the Oxford Botanic Garden. He died 21 Oct. 1740. Brown established his genus Duboisia in commemoration.
B. D. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Drysdale, John

​DRYSDALE, JOHN, D.D. (1718–1788), Scottish divine, third son of the Rev. John Drysdale, by Anne, daughter of William Ferguson, was born at Kirkaldy on 29 April 1718, and educated at the parish school in that town. Among his schoolfellows was Adam Smith, with whom he formed a friendship which was preserved throughout life. In 1732 he proceeded to the university of Edinburgh, where he read classics, philosophy, and theology, but took no degree. In 1740 he took orders in the established church of Scotland. For some years he officiated as assistant to the Rev. James Bannatyne, minister of the college church, Edinburgh, and in 1748 he obtained, through the interest of the Earl of Hopetoun, the living of Kirkliston in Linlithgowshire, of which the presentation was in the crown. In 1762 he was presented by the town council of Edinburgh to Lady Yester's Church. A lawsuit took place upon his appointment, the House of Lords ultimately deciding against the claim of the ministers and elders to have a joint right with the council. The call was sustained in the general assembly, even by the opponents of the claim, and Drysdale was admitted 14 Aug. 1764. On 15 April 1765 he received from Marischal College, Aberdeen, the diploma of D.D. In 1767 he vacated Lady Yester's Church to succeed Dr. John Jardine as one of the ministers of the Tron Church, Edinburgh. He was afterwards preferred, on the recommendation of Dr. Robertson, the eminent historian, to a royal chaplaincy, to which ​was attached one-third of the emoluments of the deanery of the Chapel Royal. In 1773 he was elected moderator, and in 1778 assistant-clerk, of the general assembly, of which in 1784 he was re-elected moderator, and, by the death of Dr. Wishart in the following year, became principal clerk. He died on 16 June 1788 at his house in Princes Street, Edinburgh. In ecclesiastical politics Drysdale belonged to the ‘moderate’ party. He was reputed a master of pulpit eloquence. He married the third daughter of William Adam, architect, and was survived by his wife and two daughters, the eldest of whom married Andrew Dalzel [q. v.], professor of Greek in the university of Edinburgh, who edited two volumes of his father-in-law's sermons, with a highly laudatory biography prefixed, Edinburgh, 1788, 8vo.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Coffin, Isaac Campbell

​COFFIN, Sir ISAAC CAMPBELL (1800–1872), lieutenant-general in the Indian army, son of Captain F. H. Coffin, royal navy, was born in 1800, and entered the military service of the East India Company on 3 June 1818. He arrived in India on 12 Jan. 1819, and was posted as lieutenant to the ​21st Madras pioneers in 1821. He was appointed adjutant to the 12th Madras native infantry from 4 June 1824, and served with that corps in Burmah, being present in the attack on the enemy's lines before Rangoon on 9 and 15 Dec. 1824. He was appointed quartermaster, interpreter, and paymaster to the 12th Madras native infantry on 27 Oct. 1826; captain, 26 July 1828; paymaster to the Nagpore subsidiary force, 30 June 1829; paymaster in Mysore, 7 Jan. 1834; major, 24 July 1840; lieutenant-colonel, 15 Sept. 1845. He became lieutenant-colonel of the 3rd, or Palamcotta regiment, Madras native light infantry, 7 Oct. 1845; attained the rank of colonel, 20 June 1854; of major-general, 29 May 1857; and lieutenant-general, 18 July 1869. As colonel, with the rank of first-class brigadier, he commanded the Hyderabad subsidiary force from 6 Nov. 1855, a post he held during the mutiny. As major-general he commanded a division of the Madras army from 28 March 1859 to 28 March 1864. He was made a K.C.S.I. in 1866. Coffin, who was twice married, first to a daughter of Capt. Harrington, H.E.I.C.S., and secondly to the eldest daughter of the late Major Shepherd, Madras army, and left several children, died suddenly at Blackheath, 1 Oct. 1872.
[India Office Records; Illust. London News, lxi. (1872), pp. 359, 454.]
H. M. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cogan, Thomas (1545?-1607)

​COGAN, THOMAS (1545?–1607), physician, was born about 1545 at Chard, Somersetshire. He was educated at Oxford, graduated B.A. 1662-3, M.A. 1666, and M.B. 1574. He became fellow of Oriel in 1663. In 1574 he resigned his fellowship, and then (or in 1575) was appointed master of the Manchester grammar school. He practised as a physician at Manchester. Before 1686 he married Ellen, daughter of Sir Edmund Trafford, and widow of Thomas Willott, who had property in Manchester. In 1591-3 he was the family physician of Sir Richard Shuttleworth. In 1595 he presented Galen's works and other medical books to the library of Oriel, where they are still preserved. He resigned the schoolmastership before 1602, died in June 1607, and was buried on the 10th of that month in the church at Manchester. His will mentions property both in Somersetshire and Manchester, and bequeaths books to all the fellows and other officers of the college, and 4d. to each boy in the school. His widow died in December 1611.
His works are:
* 'The Well of Wisedome, containing Chiefe and Chosen Sayinges … gathered out of the Five Bootes of the Olde Testament …,' 1577.
* 'The Haven of Health, made for the comfort of Students …,' 1584 (several later editions). With this was published 'A Preservative from the Pestilence, with a short censure of the late sickness at Oxford,'
* 'Epistolarum familiarium M. T. Ciceronis epitome …' (with an 'Epistle to all Schoolmasters,' the book being intended as an introduction to Latin). Wood also mentions:
* 'Epistolæ item aliæ familiares Ciceronis,'
* 'Orationes aliquot faciliores Ciceronis. ​
[Wood's Athenæ (Bliss), ii. 10; Fasti, i. 161, 172, 196, Whatton's History of Manchester School, p. 103. Mr. J. E. Bailey, in Palatine Notebook, 2 April 1883, has given all ascertainable information.]