# Commonly Used Drugs/Cocaine

Cocaine :
| A powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant native to South America. For more information, see the Cocaine Research Report. |||||
| Street Names | Commercial Names | Common Forms | Commons Ways Taken | DEA Schedule |
| Blow, Bump, C, Coke, Crack, Dust, Flake, Nose Candy, Rock, Snow, Sneeze, Sniff, Toot, White Rock With heroin: Speedball | Cocaine hydrochloride topical solution (low dose anesthetic used in certain medical procedures) | White powder, whitish rock crystal | Snorted, smoked, injected | II |
| Possible Health Effects |||||
| Short-term | Narrowed blood vessels; enlarged pupils; increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; euphoria; increased energy, alertness; insomnia, restlessness; anxiety; erratic and violent behavior, panic attacks, paranoia, psychosis; heart rhythm problems, heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma. | Narrowed blood vessels; enlarged pupils; increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; euphoria; increased energy, alertness; insomnia, restlessness; anxiety; erratic and violent behavior, panic attacks, paranoia, psychosis; heart rhythm problems, heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma. | Narrowed blood vessels; enlarged pupils; increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; euphoria; increased energy, alertness; insomnia, restlessness; anxiety; erratic and violent behavior, panic attacks, paranoia, psychosis; heart rhythm problems, heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma. | Narrowed blood vessels; enlarged pupils; increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; euphoria; increased energy, alertness; insomnia, restlessness; anxiety; erratic and violent behavior, panic attacks, paranoia, psychosis; heart rhythm problems, heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma. |
| Long-term | Loss of sense of smell, nosebleeds, nasal damage and trouble swallowing from snorting; infection and death of bowel tissue from decreased blood flow; poor nutrition and weight loss; lung damage from smoking. | Loss of sense of smell, nosebleeds, nasal damage and trouble swallowing from snorting; infection and death of bowel tissue from decreased blood flow; poor nutrition and weight loss; lung damage from smoking. | Loss of sense of smell, nosebleeds, nasal damage and trouble swallowing from snorting; infection and death of bowel tissue from decreased blood flow; poor nutrition and weight loss; lung damage from smoking. | Loss of sense of smell, nosebleeds, nasal damage and trouble swallowing from snorting; infection and death of bowel tissue from decreased blood flow; poor nutrition and weight loss; lung damage from smoking. |
| Other Health-related Issues | Pregnancy: premature delivery, low birth weight, deficits in self-regulation and attention in school-aged children prenatally exposed. Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from shared needles. | Pregnancy: premature delivery, low birth weight, deficits in self-regulation and attention in school-aged children prenatally exposed. Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from shared needles. | Pregnancy: premature delivery, low birth weight, deficits in self-regulation and attention in school-aged children prenatally exposed. Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from shared needles. | Pregnancy: premature delivery, low birth weight, deficits in self-regulation and attention in school-aged children prenatally exposed. Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from shared needles. |
| In Combination with Alcohol | Greater risk of cardiac toxicity than from either drug alone. | Greater risk of cardiac toxicity than from either drug alone. | Greater risk of cardiac toxicity than from either drug alone. | Greater risk of cardiac toxicity than from either drug alone. |
| Withdrawal Symptoms | Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnia, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed movement, restlessness. | Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnia, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed movement, restlessness. | Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnia, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed movement, restlessness. | Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnia, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed movement, restlessness. |
| Treatment Options |||||
| Medications | There are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction. | There are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction. | There are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction. | There are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction. |
| Behavioral Therapies | Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Contingency management, or motivational incentives, including vouchers The Matrix Model Community-based recovery groups, such as 12-Step programs Mobile medical application: reSET® | Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Contingency management, or motivational incentives, including vouchers The Matrix Model Community-based recovery groups, such as 12-Step programs Mobile medical application: reSET® | Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Contingency management, or motivational incentives, including vouchers The Matrix Model Community-based recovery groups, such as 12-Step programs Mobile medical application: reSET® | Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Contingency management, or motivational incentives, including vouchers The Matrix Model Community-based recovery groups, such as 12-Step programs Mobile medical application: reSET® |
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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