OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Elizabeth Barstow Stoddard

​STODDARD, Mrs. Elizabeth Barstow, author, born in Mattapoisett, Mass., 6th May, 1823. Her maiden name was Elizabeth Barstow. She received a thorough education in various boarding-schools and in her school-days showed her bent towards poetry and literature in general. In 1857 she became the wife of Richard Henry Stoddard, the author. Soon after her marriage she began to publish poems in all the leading magazines, and ever since she has been a frequent contributor. Her verses are of a high order. She has written for intellectual readers alone. She has never collected the numerous poems she has published in the periodicals, although there are enough of them to fill a large volume. In addition to her poetical productions, she has published three remarkable novels: "The Morgesons" (New York, 1862); "Two Men" (1865), and "Temple House" (1867). Those books did not find a large sale when first published, but a second edition, published in 1888, found a wider circle of readers. They are pictures of New England seen fry and character, and they will hereafter become standard works. In 1874 she published "Lolly Dinks's Doings." a juvenile story.
# Women Under Polygamy/Preface

PREFACE
This volume has for its main object an inquiry into the actual social and domestic position of women under the system of plural marriage. Polygamy, like monogamy, must be judged by its fruits. In the East, cultured advocates and apologists have explained the biological and racial causes of the practice, and contrasted it with the single marriage custom of the West. Among European and other Western writers, solicitous for the truth, there are those who avow frankly that, from observation and investigation, they are disposed to regard polygamy as an institution with certain distinct advantages for women. Equally sincere critics have condemned this form of marriage, sometimes judicially, and often with passion. One writer, approaching the question with conclusions already formed, denounces zenana life for women as "abominable"; while another of a more dispassionate cast, viewing the subject from various aspects, discovers that a practice of the sex-relationship, sanctioned by many devout and humane teachers, cannot be compounded entirely of evil.
From a mass of conflicting opinion, I have sought to sift the truth. At all events, I have tried to avoid both enthusiastic approval and heated condemnation. My numerous authorities, Eastern and Western, must be judged by my readers with a fair mind. I have rejected neither disapprobation nor censure.
The view of educated English women, who affirm that the lot of their Turkish sisters is more enviable than that of the mass of the women of our own country, is as worthy of serious attention as the compassionate attitude of the fervent woman-​missionary in the East. Sir Richard Burton is as worthy of acceptation as Sir William Muir. Bishop Colenso, who permitted polygamy among his native African converts, must be heard with the same attention granted to Professor Edward Westermarck, who heartily reprobates all forms of polygamy.
The point of view of the Hindu woman, who thanks fate that she was born under religious and legal polygamous marriage, should at least interest the intelligent Western woman, who blesses the fortune that made her the daughter of a monogamous race.
I have given the personal views of Eastern men and women known to me, and of Western-born women who have voluntarily entered into harem marriage. I am indebted to numerous writers on ethnology and travel, whose names and works are mentioned in the text.
WALTER M. GALLICHAN.
London, N. W. Jan. 28th, 1914.
# Yorkville Enquirer editorial on the Harper's Ferry

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
published 20 October 1859
BALTIMORE, October 17.
Rumors reached this city, this morning, of a serious insurrection at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. The trains of the Baltimore and Ohio Road have been stopped, the telegraph wires out, and the town, with all the public works, are in possession of the insurgents. At first it was thought that the report was an exaggeration of an affray among the Government employees at the armory. Later despatches from Monocacy, the nearest station to Harper's Ferry, confirm the first statements as to trains being stopped, and adds that several railroad employees have been killed. The negroes have been seized on the plantations upon the Maryland side of the river, and carried over and made to join the insurgents.
All statements concur that the town is in complete possession of the insurgents, together with the armory, the arsenal, the pay office and the bridge. The insurgents are composed of whites and blacks, supposed to be led on by Abolitionists. Some suppose that plunder of the arms and ammunition and Government money is their object.
One hundred United States marines from the Washington Barracks, with two 12 pounders, went up this afternoon, and will reach there about 8 o'clock. Their orders are to clear the bridge at all hazards. Three companies of artillery from Old Point are also on their way thither. Six or seven companies of volunteers from Baltimore and Frederick have been accepted by the President, and go up on extra trains.
The insurgents are said to number 600 to 800, under the leadership of a man named Anderson, recently arrived at the Ferry.
A report from a merchant at Harper's Ferry states that most of the citizens have been imprisoned and many killed. All the avenues to the town are barricaded and guarded.
The general belief here is that it is a move of the Abolitionists. Secretary Floyd, some weeks ago, received an anonymous letter, informing him that there would be a rising, and an attempt made to capture the armory, but it was too indefinite and improbable to be believed.
These reports may be greatly exaggerated, but there is, undoubtedly, a serious disturbance going on.
There is a suspicion here that the disturbance is caused by the failure of the contractors on the Government dam to pay employees, who number several hundred, and have pressed the negroes into their service.
Two companies from Richmond, Va., have been ordered into service, and will probably leave on a special train to-night.
Gov. Wise is en route for Washington.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Woman of the Century/Lucy A. Mallory

The claim of birth in Oregon does not reflect historical records available today, which indicate that Lucy Rose was born in Michigan, maybe as early as 1843, or as late as 1848. Heather Arndt Anderson, Portland: A Food Biography 2014
​MALLORY, Mrs. Lucy A., editor, born in Roseburg, Douglas county, Oregon, 14th February, 1846. Her father, Aaron Rose, settled in Oregon early in the forties, and the city of Roseburg was named for him. He was one of the first white settlers at a time when the country was an unbroken wilderness. The wife and mother died in giving birth to Lucy. Though reared among Indians and surrounded constantly in early life by the wildest aspects of nature, she was always a vegetarian. Soon after reaching the years of womanhood she became the wife of Rufus Mallory, who afterwards represented the State in Congress, and who is now one of the most successful lawyers in the Pacific Northwest, and is the senior member of the extensive law firm to which Senator Dolph belongs. She accompanied her husband to Washington. Not long after their return to Salem, which at that time was their home, an incident occurred which brought out the spirit of the woman. In 1874 the old slavery prejudice was so strong in Oregon that some forty-five negro and mulatto children were prevented from attending the Salem public schools and kept from all chance of acquiring an education, as no white teachers could be found who would condescend to teach them. A public fund was set apart for them, but no one came forward to labor for it. Mrs. Mallory volunteered to instruct the dusky children, in the face of sneers and ridicule. Her course shamed the people into a sense of duty, and within three years the children were admitted into the white schools and classes, when all friction and opposition disappeared. Mrs. Mallory, having no immediate use for the public money which she drew for her work, let it remain in the bank. In 1886 she used the fund for the purchase of a printing plant, and soon after started her monthly magazine, the "World's Advanced Thought," with Judge H. N. Maguire for assistant editor. The latter recently retired from editorial connection, on account of the pressure of other business affairs, but still contributes to its pages, while Mrs. Mallory, who was always the proprietor, has full control. Her magazine circulates among advanced thinkers and workers in every portion of the civilized world. Count Tolstoi, of Russia, takes it. Her work, like that of her husband, is in Portland, but their home, where they rest nights and Sundays, is on their ranch or fruit farm, four miles out in the suburbs of the city.
# Woman of the Century/Lucy Ann Kidd

​KIDD, Mrs. Lucy Ann, educator, horn in Nelson county, Ky., 11th June, 1839. Her maiden LUCY ANN KIDD. name was Lucy Ann Thornton, Her father. Willis Strather Thornton, was a descendant of an old English family, resident in Virginia since the time of the Pretender. The old ancestral home, "Hunter's Rest," is still owned by some member of the family. Lucy received a collegiate education in Georgetown, Ky. In her seventeenth year she became the wife of a southern physician of considerable means. Dr. Kidd who, after losing largely by the war, died, leaving his estate heavily encumbered. Up to that time Mrs. Kidd had had no acquaintance with poverty or business, but she had the energy which made up for want of experience. She accepted a position in a college in Brookhaven, Miss., and two years after bought an interest in the school. Nine years later she was elected president of the North Texas Eemale College, in Sherman, Tex., a position she still holds. Mrs. Kidd is the first woman south of Mason and Dixon's line who has held such a position. At the time when Mrs. Kidd assumed the presidency of the school, it was virtually dead, having been closed for more than a year, but her energy and conservative management have brought to it a great popularity. Within three years it had as large a number of boarding pupils enrolled as any other school in the South. Her administrative ability is marked.
# Woman of the Century/Lucy Hamilton Hooper

​HOOPER, Mrs. Lucy Hamilton, poet and journalist, born in Philadelphia, Pa., 20th January, LUCY HAMILTON HOOPER. 1835. She was the daughter of a well-known merchant of that city. Her maiden name was Jones. She became the wife, in 1854, of Robert E. Hooper, a native of Philadelphia, and resided in that city until a few years ago. Her first poems, written at a very early age, were published in "Godey's Lady's Book." In 1864 appeared a small collection of her poems, published by Mr. Leypoldt, the first hundred copies of the edition being presented by the author to the Great Central Fair for the benefit of the sanitary commission, which was then in progress in Philadelphia. In 1868 was begun the publication of "Lippincott's Magazine," to which Mrs. Hooper became a constant contributor. She assumed the functions of assistant editor of that periodical, a post which she retained till her visit to Europe, in 1870. In 1871 a second collection of her poems was published, including most of those that had been printed in the first volume, with important additions. Though born to great wealth, Mrs. Hooper found herself finally compelled by the consequence of a commercial crisis to adopt, as a profession, those literary pursuits which had hitherto formed her favorite recreation. She went to Europe in 1874 to become the Paris correspondent of several prominent American newspapers. Her efforts in that direction have been crowned with success. She is now a regular contributor to the "Daily Evening Telegraph," of Philadelphia, an engagement of sixteen years' duration, and of the "Post-Dispatch." of St. Louis. She is the author of a translation of Alphonse Daudet's novel, "The Nabob," which was published by special agreement with M. Daudet An original novel, called " Under the Tricolor," and a four-act drama, entitled "Helen's Inheritance," have been her latest literary works of important character. The latter was first produced in June, 1888, in a French version, in the Theatre d'Application, in Paris, Miss Nettie Hooper playing the part of the heroine. She sustained the role when the piece was brought out by A. M. Palmer in the Madison Square Theater, in New York, in December, 1889. The drama has been played under another title, "Inherited," throughout the United States for several seasons past. Mrs. Hooper has contributed a large number of stories, articles and poems to the leading American periodicals during the past twenty years. Her home is in Paris, France.
# Woman of the Century/Lucy Morris Chaffee Alden

​LUCY MORRIS CHAFFEE ALDEN. ALDEN, Mrs. Lacy Morris Chaffee, author, born in South Wilbraham, New Hampden, Mass., 20th November, 1836. She is a daughter of Daniel D. and Sarah F. Chaffee. Among her maternal ancestors was Judge John Bliss, of South Wilbraham, who on the eighth of April, 1775, was appointed sole committee "to repair to Connecticut to request that Colony to co-operate with Massachusetts for the general defense, and who, ​under the constitution was chosen to the first and several succeeding senates. Miss Chaffee spent a year at Monson Academy, twenty years in teaching school, and three years as a member of the school board of her native town. She was left alone by the death of her mother in 1884, and was married in July, 1890, to Lucius D. Alden, an early school-mate but long a resident on the Pacific coast, and she still occupies her father's homestead. Her poetic, and far more numerous prose, writings have appeared in various newspapers of Springfield, Boston, Chicago, and Minneapolis, in several Sunday-school song-books, and in quarterly and monthly journals. One doctrinal pamphlet of hers has lately been translated by a British officer and missionary in Madras into the Hindustani tongue, and many copies printed. Copies of another were voluntarily distributed by a county judge in Florida among members of his State legislature. Two years ago, under an appropriation, made by an association whose conferences reach from Maine to California, of a sum to be distributed among writers of meritorious articles, Mrs. Alden was selected to write for Massachusetts.
# Woman of the Century/Lucretia Rudolph Garfield

​GARFIELD, Mrs. Lucretia Rudolph, wife of James A Garfield, twentieth President of the United States, born in Hiram, Portage county, Ohio, 19th April. 1832. She was the daughter of Zebulon Rudolph, a farmer. She received a classical education in Hiram, in a school in which her future husband was a teacher. She became the wife of James A. Garfield, nth November, 1858, in Hiram, Ohio, where he was president of the college. Their family consisted of several children, LUCRETIA RUDOLPH GARFIELD. one of whom, a daughter, died in infancy. The living children are four suns and one daughter. Her husband, after their marriage, was both college professor and a Campbellite preacher, often officiating in the churches of the sect of Disciples. His career is a matter of familiarity. When he was elected to the Presidency, Mrs. Garfield's public career began. Her occupancy of the White House was suddenly ended by the murder of her husband. During her reign in Washington she showed a great deal of force of character. She was in the most difficult position that any woman can hold in the United States, and she acquitted herself with tact and dignity. She was averse to publicity, discreet, retiring and reticent. The duties of her Cation broke her health, and she was taken to ng Branch to recover strength. While she was there. President Garfield, just starting from Washington to join her, was shot Her devotion to him during the agonizing weeks that ended in his death, is historical. After his death Mrs. Garfield received a large amount of money presented to her by citizens of the country, and she made her home in Cleveland, Ohio. She visited Europe and lived for a time in Bournemouth, England. Returning to the United States, she settled in the Garfield homestead in Mentor, Ohio. Mrs. Garfield is passing her days in quiet retirement, doing good work for those about her in the unostentatious manner that distinguished her when she held the position of mistress of the White House. One of her philanthropic deeds was the donation of $10,000 to a university in Kansas, which took the name of her martyred husband. Her life has throughout been an illustration of American womanhood, wife-hood and motherhood of the loftiest character.
# Woman of the Century/Lucy Creemer Peckham

​PECKHAM, Mrs. Lucy Creemer, physician, born in Milford, Conn., 27th March, 1842. Her father, Joshua R. Gore, was a native of Ham- den, Conn., and his parents and grandparents were Connecticut people. Her ancestors on the maternal side were among the first settlers of the old town of Milford. Her mother's name was Mary Smith. Lucy was the oldest of four children, and when she was about seven years of age, the family removed to New Haven, and the children were all educated in the public schools of that city. The girls were brought up to be self-reliant and helpful. From eighteen to twenty-three Lucy helped toward the well-being of the family by the use of her needle. In 1865 she ​became the wife of Charles N. Creemer, of New York, who died in 1878. She gained entrance to the New Haven School for Nurses, in the hospital, and faithfully discharged the duties of nurse until LUCY CREEMER PECKKAM she was graduated. In August, 1880, she was sent to Pittsfield to take charge of the hospital called the "House of Mercy." There she remained two years. As the work opened before her, she realized that deeper and more thorough knowledge of medical science would give her a still larger scope. She resolved to enter college and pursue the regular curriculum. In 1882 she matriculated in the Woman's Medical College of Philadelphia, and was graduated in 1885. Since that year she has practiced medicine in her old home, New Haven, Conn. In August, 1889, she was married a second time. On the suggestion of her husband, John A. Peckham, who is in full sympathy with all her work, she selected from poems which she had written and published at intervals during many years, about forty, and had them published in book form, with the title "Sea Moss" (Buffalo, 1891). Dr. Peckham is a practical woman and has had marked success in whatever she has undertaken. Her poems are the outcome of inspirations, and they have been put into form as they have sung themselves to her during the busy hours of the day or night.
# Woman of the Century/Emma Cecilia Thursby

​THURSBY, Miss Emma Cecilia, singer, born in Brooklyn, N. Y., 21st February, 1857. She was educated in the public schools of the city, and early showed her musical tastes. EMMA CECILIA THURSBY. Her fine voice attracted the attention of musical people and they advised her to prepare for a professional career. She learned the rudiments of music with Julius Meyer, and studied later with Achille Errant and Erminia Rudersdorff. In 1873 she went to Italy and took a short course with San Giovanni and Francesco Lamperti. Returning to New York, she sang in the Broadway Tabernacle for a time. In 1876 she made a concert tour with Gilmore's Orchestra. In 1877 she traveled with Theodore Thomas. In that year she signed an engagement for six years with Maurice Strakosch, ​under whose management she made a number of very successful tours in the United States and Europe. She has appeared only in concerts and oratorios, and has declined many tempting offers to go upon the operatic stage in Europe. Her specialty is sacred music, and she is the leading oratorio singer of her day. She is a woman of commanding presence. Her voice is a soprano of great volume and purity, and her singing is characterized by dramatic intensity and thorough refinement in method.
# Woman of the Century/Emma Curtiss Bascom

​BASCOM, Mrs. Emma Curtiss, woman suffragist and reformer, born in Sheffield, Mass., 20th April, 1828. She w as the second daughter of Orren Curtiss. From earliest childhood she found occasion for that domestic watchfulness and care-taking that have marked her later life. New England ancestry and New England associations gave the in distinct quality and color to her childhood. She was, through her mother. Caroline Standish Owen, a direct descendant of Miles Standish. Her early education was received in the Great Barrington Academy, in Pittsfield Institute, Massachusetts, and in Patapsco Institute, Mary land. Entering at once the one open vocation for women, that of instruction, she became a teacher in Kinderhook Academy, New York, and later in Stratford Academy, Connecticut. In 1856 she was married to John Bascom, at that time professor in Williams College, For years her husband was wholly deprived of the use of his eyes, and she thus had occasion, during a long period, to share his studies and render him daily assistance in reading and writing. She became the mother of five children and cherished a lively interest in all that pertained to the discipline, amplitude and pleasure of the home. My native tendency and life-long habit she has been an interested observer and eager advocate of those marvelous changes which have, in the rapid movement of recent years, opened the doors of opportunity to woman in the social, economic and political world. Her sense of the inner fitness and reconstructive power of this transformation of sentiment concerning the true relation of man and woman to each other has been deep, untiring and most sanguine. She was a charter member of the Association for the Advancement of Woman and for many years was one of its board of officers. ​She has been an officer of the National Suffrage Association. EMMA CURTISS BASCOM. She was secretary of the Woman's Centennial Commission for the State of Wisconsin. A zealous white-ribboner, she has been active in the Woman's Christian Temperance Union almost from its first organization. While she has been especially earnest in claiming for woman a full participation in the larger outer circle of political action, this feeling has in no way weakened her loving hold on the center of life in the family. The two have been one in her thought.