OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charles Theodor Anton Maria, Prince of Dalberg

See also Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg on Wikipedia; Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg on Wikipedia; Dalberg in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
​DALBERG, Charles Theodor Anton Maria, Prince of (1744–1817), was the son of a prince of Dalberg who was one of the chief councillors of the elector of Mainz. Having attended the universities of Göttingen and Heidelberg, he devoted himself to the study of canon law, and entered the church. In 1772 he was appointed counsellor and governor of Erfurt by the elector of Mainz, the duties of which position he fulfilled in the most exemplary manner, displaying the highest conscientiousness, and doing all that he could to promote the interests of his people. After other advancements, he became in 1802 archbishop and elector of Mainz. Being obliged by the terms of the peace of Lunéville to give up Worms and Constance, he received Ratisbon, Aschaffenburg, and Wetzlar. In 1804 he visited Paris in order to discuss with Pius VII. the affairs of the Catholic Church of Germany. The result was that he gave way to the wishes of Napoleon, and thereby considerably diminished his popularity at home. The emperor did not fail to reward him; and, on the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine, though he was forced to resign his post as archchancellor of the emperor, he received more than compensating dignities. These, however, on the fall of Napoleon, he was forced to resign; and he died, holding no other office than that of archbishop of Ratisbon (10th February 1817). The friend of Goethe, Schiller, and Wieland, Dalberg was himself a scholar and author.
He produced several works on art and philosophy, including Grundsätze der Æthetik, Betrachtung über das Universum, Von dem Bewusztsein als allgemeinem Grunde der Weltweisheit, and two works on the social influence of art. See Krämer, Karl Theodor von Dalberg (Leip. 1821).
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charles Townshend

See also Charles Townshend on Wikipedia; Townshend, Charles in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
The universal tribute of Townshend's colleagues allows him the possession of boundless wit and ready eloquence, set off by perfect melody of intonation, but marred by an unexampled lack of judgment and discretion. He shifted his ground in politics with every new moon, and the world fastened on him the nickname, which he himself adopted in his "champagne" speech, of the Weathercock. His official knowledge was considerable; and it would be unjust to his memory to ignore the praises of his contemporaries or his profound knowledge of his country's commercial interests. The House of Commons recognized in him its spoilt child, and Burke happily said that "he never thought, did, or said anything " without judging its effect on his fellow-members. Charles Townshend is the subject of a memoir by Mr Percy Fitzgerald.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charles Townshend, Second Viscount Townshend

See also Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend on Wikipedia; Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
Townshend was slow in forming, but resolute in adhering to, his opinion, and, like most other men of that stamp, was impatient of contradiction. His manners have been styled "coarse, rustic, and seemingly brutal," but these defects were not visible in his domestic life. Never did minister leave office with cleaner hands; he did not add one acre to his estate nor leave large fortunes to his younger children.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charlestown

See also Charlestown, Boston on Wikipedia; Charlestown on Wikipedia; Charlestown in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer. For Charlestown in the West Indies, see Nevis.
CHARLESTOWN, formerly a separate city of the United States, in Middlesex county, Massachusetts, but since 1874 incorporated with the city of Boston, with which it had long before been in many respects practically one. It was founded in 1628 or 1629, and soon rose into importance. The most remarkable event in its history is its almost complete destruction in 1775 during the revolutionary war. Its population in 1800 was 2751, which at the time of its incorporation with Boston had increased to 32,040. See Boston.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charleville

See also Charleville-Mézières on Wikipedia; Charleville-Mézières at Wikipedia; Charleville in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
CHARLEVILLE, a handsome and well-built town of France, on the left bank of the Meuse, in the department of Ardennes, about one mile north of Mézieres, with which it is connected by a suspension bridge. Since the end of the 17th century it has become a thriving place, with manufactures of nails, hardware, and firearms, and an active export trade in wine, spirits, coal, iron, and slates. It has tribunals of primary instance and commerce, a commodious port, a theatre, a large public library, and a cabinet of natural history. The royal manufactory of arms formerly established here was transferred to Tulle and Chatellerault. Charleville was founded by Charles of Gonzagua, eighth duke of Mantua, in 1606, and continued in the possession of his family till 1708. Its fortifications were dismantled in 1687; and in 1815 it was plundered by the Prussians. Louis Dufour, the abbé of Longuerue, was born in the town. Population in 1872, 12,059.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Che-foo

See also Yantai on Wikipedia; Chi-fu in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
CHE-FOO, or Yen-tai, as it is called by the natives, a seaport town of Northern China, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Pih-chih-li, in the province of Shan-tung near the mouth of the Yi-ho, and about 30 miles east of the city of Tang-chow-foo. Till recently it was quite a small place, and had only the rank of an unwalled village; but it was chosen as the port of Tang-chow opened to foreign trade in 1858 by the treaty of Tien-tsin, and it is now the residence of a Tau-tai, or intendant of a circuit, the centre of a gradually-increasing commerce, and the seat of a British consulate, a Chinese custom-house, and a considerable foreign settlement. The native town is yearly extending, and though most of the inhabitants are small shop-keepers and coolies of the lowest class, the houses are for the most part well and solidly built of stone. The foreign settlement occupies a position between the native town and the sea, which neither affords a convenient access for shipping nor allows space for any great extension of area. Its growth, however, has hitherto been steady and rapid. Various streets have been laid out, a large hotel erected for the reception of the visitors who resort to the place as a sanitarium in summer, and the religious wants of the community supplied by a Roman Catholic and a Protestant church. Though the harbour is deep and extensive, and possessed of excellent anchorage, large vessels have to be moored at a considerable distance from the shore. The foreign trade is mainly in the hands of the English and Americans, the Germans and the Siamese ranking next in importance. In 1872 there entered the port 233 British vessels, with a tonnage of 97,239 tons and cargoes valued at £144,887; while in the same year the ships of all other nationalities numbered 348, with a tonnage of 149,197 tons and a value of £177,168. The imports are mainly woollen and cotton goods, iron, and opium; and the exports include bean-cake, bean-oil, and peas, raw silk, and straw-braid manufactured by the peasants of Lai-chow-foo, walnuts from Tsing-chow-foo, a coarse kind of vermicelli, vegetables, and dried fruit. A certain amount of trade is carried on with the Russian settlements of Manchuria, in which the edible sea-weed gathered in the shallows of the coast are exchanged for piece goods, liqueurs, and sundries from China.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charles Victor de Bonstetten

See also Charles Victor de Bonstetten on Wikipedia; Charles Victor de Bonstetten at Wikipedia; Charles Victor de Bonstetten in the 11th Edition; works by Charles Victor de Bonstetten at the French Wikisource and by Karl Viktor von Bonstetten at the German Wikisource; and the disclaimer.
As a writer Bonstetten cannot be said to occupy a very high place. His works, indeed, show a great power of observation, and an extensive insight into human character; but as a psychologist he is deficient in method, exactness, and depth; and his style, like his thought, wants point and clearness. In psychology he occupies an eclectic position, and urges the necessity of making use of internal observation in the study of mind. It is, however, in his social character, as a conversationalist, and as the friend, often the intimate companion, of many of the leaders of thought and action during his long life, that Bonstetten will be best remembered. The following are the titles of his chief works:—Recherches sur la nature et les lois de l'imagination, 1807; Etudes d'homme, ou Recherches sur les facultés de sentir et de penser, 1821; Sur l'éducation nationale, 1802; Pensées sur divers objets de bien public, 1815; L'Homme du Midi et l'Homme du Nord, 1814.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charybdis

See also Charybdis on Wikipedia; Charybdis on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
CHARYBDIS. See Scylla and Charybdis.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Johnston, Albert Sidney

See also Albert Sidney Johnston on Wikipedia; Johnston, Albert Sidney in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
JOHNSTON, Albert Sidney (1803-1862), American soldier, was born in Kentucky in 1803. After graduating at West Point in 1826 he served for eight years in the United States army, emigrated to Texas in 1834, and entered the Texan service as private in 1836. His promotion was so rapid that in 1838 he was appointed commander-in-chief, and till 1840 acted as secretary for war. From 1840 till 1846 he lived in retirement on his farm in Texas; but in the latter year he accepted the colonelcy of a regiment of Texan volunteers to serve against Mexico. As a staff-officer he was present at the battle of Monterey in September 1846. Texas joined the Union in 1846; and in 1849 Johnston received a major's commission in the United States army. After various services he won the rank of brevet brigadier-general by his skilful conduct of the expedition sent to Utah in 1857 to bring the Mormons to order. In January 1861 he was transferred from the command of the Texas department to that of the Pacific department; but in April he was superseded, probably on account of his secessionist sympathies. He resigned his national commission in May 1861, and accepted a command in the Confederate army. While acting as commander-in-chief at the battle of Shiloh, he was killed, April 6, 1862.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Johnston, Alexander Keith

See also Alexander Keith Johnston (1804–1871) on Wikipedia; Johnston, Alexander Keith in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
JOHNSTON, Alexander Keith (1804-1871), geographer, was born at Kirkhill near Edinburgh, in December 1804. After an education at the High School of Edinburgh he was apprenticed to an engraver; and about 1830 he joined his brother in a prosperous printing and engraving business. His passion for geography had early developed itself, but his first important work was the National Atlas of general geography, which gained for him in 1843 the appointment of geographer-royal for Scotland. Johnston was the first to bring the study of physical geography into competent notice in England. His attention had been called to the subject by Humboldt; and after years of labour he published his magnificent Physical Atlas in 1848, followed by a second and enlarged edition in 1856. This, by means of maps with descriptive letterpress, illustrates the geology, hydrography, meteorology, botany, zoology, and ethnology of the globe, and undoubtedly marks an epoch in the history of English geographical science. The rest of Johnston's life was equally given to geography, his later years to its educational aspects especially. His services were recognized by election to fellowships of the leading scientific societies of Europe, India, and America. For his chart of the geographical distribution of health and disease he received the diploma of the London Epidemiological Society; in 1865 he received the degree of LL.D. from Edinburgh University; and in 1871 the Royal Geographical Society awarded him its Victoria medal. He died July 9, 1871. His son of the same name (1844-1879) was also the author of various geographical works and papers.
Johnston published a Dictionary of Geography in 1850, with many later editions; The Royal Atlas of Modern Geography, begun in 1855; an atlas of military geography to accompany Alison's History of Europe; and a variety of other atlases and maps for educational or scientific purposes.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Joseph Marie, Count Dessaix

See also Joseph Marie Dessaix on Wikipedia; Joseph Marie, Count Dessaix, on Wikipedia, Dessaix in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​DESSAIX, JOSEPH MARIE, COUNT (1764-1834), French general, was born at Thonon, in Savoy, September 24, 1764. He studied medicine, took his degree of doctor at Turin, and then went to Paris. When the Revolution broke out he served in the National Guard. Sympathizing with the extreme party, he attempted in 1791 to establish its principles in his native land ; but, being prosecuted by order of the king, he escaped to France. He had organized the so-called Legion of the Allobroges, and as its captain took part in the great conflict of August 10, 1792. In the following years he served at the siege of Toulon, in the army of the eastern Pyrenees, and in the army of Italy. He was captured at the battle of Rivoli, but was soon exchanged. In the spring of 1798 Dessaix was elected member of the Council of Five Hundred. In consequence of his opposition to the revolution of 18 Brutnaire (9th November 1799), by which Napoleon became supreme, he was excluded from the council, retaining, however, his military command. He was appointed successively com mander of Frankfort and of Breda, and in September 1803 was promoted general of brigade, and soon after commander of the Legion of Honour. He distinguished himself at the capture of Ulm, at the passage of the Tagliamento, and at the battle of Wagram. His brilliant courage at this battle procured him from the emperor the surname of " the Intrepid," and the dignity of count of the empire. He was also promoted general of division, and named grand officer of the Legion of Honour. He took part in the expedition to Russia, and was twice wounded. .For several months he was commander of Berlin, and afterwards delivered the department of Mont Blanc from the Austrians. His just conduct on this occasion earned him the title of the Bayard of Savoy. After the first restoration, Dessaix was created chevalier of St Louis. He nevertheless joined Napoleon in the campaign of the Hundred Days, and in 1816 was imprisoned for five months. The rest of his life was spent in retirement. He died October 26, 1834.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Johnstone

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JOHNSTONE, a manufacturing town in the county of Renfrew, Scotland, is situated on the Black Cart river, about 10 miles west of Glasgow, with which it is connected by rail. First feued in 1781, it rose rapidly in prosperity owing to the introduction of the cotton-manufacture. The town contains several engineering works, a paper mill, and the largest flax mill in Scotland. About a mile to the east is Elderslie, the traditional birthplace of Wallace. The population in 1871 was 7538, and in 1881 9268.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Johnstown

See also Johnstown, Pennsylvania on Wikipedia; Johnstown in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
JOHNSTOWN, a burgh of Cambria county, Pennsylvania, U.S., is situated on the Stony Creek and the Conemaugh river, 78 miles east of Pittsburg and 277 miles west of Philadelphia. It is the centre of nine contiguous boroughs constituting one town of 22,000 inhabitants, who are mainly employed by the Cambria Iron Company in the manufacture of iron, steel, railway bars, wire, &c. There are large woollen and flouring mills, numerous churches, and a public library. The library building was presented to the Library Association by the Cambria Iron Company. The population in 1870 was 6028, and in 1880 8380.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Joseph François Talma

See also François-Joseph Talma on Wikipedia; François Joseph Talma in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
TALMA, Joseph François (1763–1826), French tragedian, was born at Paris 15th January 1763. After attending the Mazarin college, he accompanied his father, who was a dentist, to London, where he studied in the hospitals. While in London he took part in some amateur theatricals, and, his talents at once attracting notice, a professional engagement was offered him. To this, however, his father would not consent, and shortly afterwards he was sent to Paris, where for some years he was assistant to a dentist. His predilection for the drama could not be restrained, and on 21st November 1787 he made his début at the Comédie Française in Mahomet. His efforts from the first won appreciation, but for a considerable time he was restricted to secondary parts. It was in jeune premier parts that he first came prominently into notice, and he attained only gradually to his unrivalled position as the exponent of strong and concentrated passion. In 1791 he and other dissentients founded the Théâtre Français de la rue de Richelieu,—a name changed in 1792 to Théâtre de la Republique, where he won his most striking successes. Talma was among the earliest advocates of realism in scenery and costume, being greatly aided in his reforms by his friend the painter David. He possessed in perfection the physical gifts fitting him to excel in the highest tragic parts, an admirably proportioned figure, a striking countenance, and a voice of great beauty and power, which, after he had conquered a certain thickness of utterance, enabled him to acquire a matchless elocution. At first somewhat stilted and monotonous in his manner, he gradually emancipated himself from all artificial trammels, and became by perfection of art a model of simplicity. Talma enjoyed the intimacy of Napoleon, with whom he had an acquaintance before Napoleon attained greatness; and he was a friend of Chénier, Danton, Camille Desmoulins, and other revolutionists. He made his last appearance 11th June 1826. and died at Paris 19th October of that year.
Talma was the author of Mémoires de Le Kain, précédès de Reflexions sur cet Acteur et sur l'Art Théâtral, contributed to the Collection des Mémoires sur l'Art Dramatique. It was published separately at Paris in 1856, under the Réflexions de Talma sur Le Kain et l'Art Théâtral. See Mémoires de J. F. Talma, écrits par lui'même, et receuillis et mis en ordre sur les papiers de sa famille, by Alex. Dumas (1856).}}
# Executive Order 10563

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower Saturday, September 25, 1954
Federal Register page & date: 19 FR 6297, Thursday, September 30, 1954
By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 and 426(c) of the Officer Personnel Act of 1947, as amended, Executive Order No. 10266 of June 30, 1951, entitled ‘‘Suspension of Certain Provisions of the Officer Personnel Act of 1947, as Amended, Which Relate to Officers of the Navy and Marine Corps,’’ is hereby revoked.

## Notes
### Revokes

* Executive Order 10266, June 30, 1951
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10555

more info.
Signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower Monday, August 23, 1954
Federal Register page & date: 19 FR 5515, Saturday, August 28, 1954
WHEREAS the Chairman of the President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped has caused to be made and has recommended that I approve a seal for The President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped, the design of which accompanies and is hereby made a part of this order, and which is described as follows:
On a light blue disk an American bald eagle with wings displayed and inverted, standing upon a spur gear issuing from base all proper. On an encircling dark blue band edged with gold the inscription "THE PRESIDENT'S COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT OF THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED." in gold letters.
AND WHEREAS it appears that such seal is of suitable design and appropriate for establishment as the official seal of the President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped:
NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, I hereby approve such seal as the official seal of The President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped.
    The White House
       August 23, 1954
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10571-A

more info.
Signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower Tuesday, October 26, 1954
Federal Register page and date:, Not Published
This Executive Order was not received for Federal Register publication. It is a confidential order
The White House October 26, 1954

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### See Related

* Executive Order 4846-A, March 30, 1928; ( Confidential - Not Published )
* Executive Order 5197-A, September 30, 1929; ( Confidential - Not Published )
* Executive Order 5638, June 8, 1931;
* Executive Order 5638-A, June 8, 1931;
* Executive Order 5855, June 6, 1932;
* Executive Order 5855-A, June 6, 1932;
* Executive Order 6472, December 2, 1933;
* Executive Order 7251, December 19, 1935;
* Executive Order 8193-A, July 5, 1939;
* Executive Order 9132-A, April 13, 1942; ( Confidential - Not Published )
* Executive Order 9427-A, February 24, 1944; ( Confidential - Not Published )
* Executive Order 10369-A, July 1, 1952; ( Confidential - Not Published )
* Executive Order 10695-A, January 16, 1957; ( Confidential - Not Published )
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 10581

more info.
Signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower Friday, December 10, 1954
Federal Register page & date: 19 FR 8553, Wednesday, December 15, 1954
EXECUTIVE ORDER 10581
WHEREAS the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, created by the act of May 13, 1954, 68 Stat. 92, under authority of the said act, caused to be made and has adopted a corporate seal; and
WHEREAS the Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation has recommended that I approve such seal, the design of which accompanies and is hereby made a part of this order, and which is described in heraldic terms as follows:
On a sea green disk, Neptune's spear pale-wise in white, between an American bald eagle displayed and a Canadian maple leaf all gold, partially encircled by the inscription "SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION" and in an inner arc the words "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in white letters.
AND WHEREAS it appears that such seal is of suitable design and appropriate for use as the corporate seal of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, an agency of the United States of America:
NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, I hereby approve such seal as the corporate seal of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
The White House, December 10, 1954.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse