# A History of Freedom of Thought/Index

INDEX
Aesthetic movement, 213
Agnosticism, meaning of, 213 sq.
Albigeois, persecution of, 56
Anabaptists, 78, 95, 125
Anatomy, 65
Anaxagoras, 27
Annet, Peter, 172
Anthropology, 189
Anthropomorphism, 23
Aristotle, 35, 68, 69
Arnold, Matthew, 218 sqq.
Asoka, 92
Astronomy, 87–90
Atheism, 103, 113, 123, 132, 158
Athens, 27 sqq.
Augustine, St., 55
Austria-Hungary, 122, 224
Authority, meaning of, 14 sqq.
Averroism, 68
Bacon, Roger, 65
Bahrdt, 175
Bain, A., 188
Bayle, 107 sq., 135 sqq.
Benn, A. W., 152
Bible, O. T., 192 sqq.; N. T., 195 sqq.
Bible-worship, 82, 201
Blasphemy laws, 28, 86, 139 sq., 244 sqq.
Bolingbroke, 153
Bradlaugh, 224, 247
Bruno, Giordano, 84
Büchner, 198
Buckle, 188
Butler, Bishop, Analogy, 151 sq.
Calvin, 78 sq., 94
Cassels. W. R., 213
Castellion, 94
Causation, Law of, 183 sq.
Charron, 75
Cicero, 39
Clifford, W. K., 213
Clodd, Edward, 224
Colenso, Bishop, 193
Collins, Anthony, 141
Comte, Auguste, 186 sq., 229
Concordat of 1801, French, 115
Condorcet, 227
Congregationalists (Independents), 95, 99, 100
Constantine I, Emperor, 47, 51
Copernicus, 87
Darwin; Darwinism, 180, 182, 225
Defoe, Daniel, 104 sq.
Deism, 137 sqq.
Democritus, 25
Descartes, 129, 131
Design, argument from, 161, 176
D'Holbach, 158
Diderot, 158 sq.
Diocletian, Emperor, 45
Disestablishment, 104, 106
Dodwell, Henry, 147
Domitian, Emperor, 42
Double Truth, 68 sq., 134
Edelmann, 175
Epicureanism, 36 sqq., 84
Essays and Reviews, 204 sqq.
Euripides, 29
Exclusive salvation, 52 sq., 63, 78
Ferrer, Francisco, 231 sq.
Fortnightly Review, 221
Fourier, 227
France, 74, 106 sqq., 152 sqq.
Frederick the Great, 120 sq.
Frederick II, Emperor, 58, 70
Free thought, meaning of, 18
Galileo de' Galilei, 87 sqq.
Gassendi, 130
Geology, 178 sq.
Germany, 76 sqq., 117 sqq., 174 sqq.
Gibbon, 62, 162 sqq.
Goethe, 175
Greg, W. R., 203
Gregory IX, Pope, 57
Gregory XVI, Encyclical of, 123 sq.
Haeckel, 187, 228
Hale, Lord Chief Justice, 139
Harrison, Frederic, 186, 223
Hegel, 184 sqq.
Hell, controversy on, 217
​Helmholtz, 182
Heraclitus, 25
Herbert of Cherbury, Lord, 149
Hippocrates, 64
Hobbes, 130 sq.
Holland, 95, 107, 130, 131
Holyoake, 224
Homer, 24
Hume, 160 sqq.
Huxley, 213
Independents, 95, 98 sq.
Infallibility, Papal, 210 sq.
Innocent III, Pope, 56
Innocent IV, Pope, 57
Innocent VIII, Pope, 67
Inquisition, 57 sqq.; Spanish, 59 sqq.; Roman, 83, 84, 87 sqq.
Italy, 122 sqq., 210
James I (England), 85 sq.
Jews, 41 sqq., 68, 99, 105, 111, 194
Joseph II, Emperor, 122
Jowett, Benjamin, 204 sq.
Julian, Emperor, 54
Justice, arguments from, 235
Kant, 175 sq.
Kett, Francis, 85
Kyd, 85
Laplace, 178
Lecky, W. H., 208, 225
Legate, Bartholomew, 86
Lessing, 71, 120
Linnæus, 177
Locke, 101 sqq., 120, 132 sq.
Loisy, Abbé, 200 sq.
Lucian, 40
Lucretius, 37 sq.
Luther, 77 sq., 81
Lyell, 178, 208
Manning, Cardinal, 210
Marlowe, Christopher, 85
Marsilius, 119
Maryland, 97 sq.
Mazarin, Cardinal, 85, 107
Middleton, Conyers, 150, 164
Mill, James, 151, 227
——, J. S., 182, 213, 227, 233, 235 sqq.
Milton, 99 sq.
Mirabeau, 112
Miracles, 141 sqq., 151, 160, 164 sq., 206
Modernism, 199 sqq.
Mohammedan free thought, 68
Monism, 188, 228 sqq.
Montaigne, 74
Morley, Lord (Mr. John), 159, 209, 221 sq., 225
Nantes, Edict of, 107
Napoleon I, 115
Newman, Cardinal, 199, 241
——, F. W., 203
Ostwald, Professor, 228 sqq.
Paine, Thomas, 112, 168 sqq.
Paley, 167 sqq.
Pascal, 128, 152 sq.
Pater, 213
Pentateuch, 192 sq.
Pericles, 27
Persecution, theory of, 47 sqq., 232 sqq.
Pitt, William, 151
Pius IX, Syllabus, 210 sq.
Pius X, Pope, 199 sq.
Plato, 36 sq.
Plutarch, 150
Prayer, controversy on, 216
Press, censorship, 91 sq., 224 sq.
Priestley, 227
Priscillian, 55
Progress, idea of, 226 sqq.
Protagoras, 28
Raleigh, Sir W., 85
Rationalism, meaning of, 18
Reade, Winwood, 213
Reinach, S., 197
Renan, 198
Revolution, French, 111 sqq.
Rhode Island, 96
Richelieu, Cardinal, 85, 107
Rousseau, 111, 156 sqq., 239
Ruffini, Professor, 125
Russia, 224
Sacred books, 24, 53 sq., 191
Science, physical, 64 sq., 176 sqq.
Secularism, 224
Seeley, J. R., 208
Servetus, 79
Shaftesbury, 148 sqq., 151
Shelley, 173, 208
Socinianism, 83, 93 sqq.
Socrates, 30 sqq., 39, 235, 236
Sophists, Greek, 26
Spain, 59 sqq., 231 sq.
Spencer, Herbert, 187
Spinoza, 131 sq., 138, 191
Stephen, Leslie, 167, 215 sqq.
——, J. F., 203, 245 sq., 247
Stoicism, 36, 38 sq.
​Strauss, David, 195, 198
Swinburne, 208, 211 sq.
Tamburini, 122
Tatian, 44
Themistius, 55
Theodosius I, Emperor, 54
Theophilanthropy, 114 sq.
Thomas Aquinas, 69
Thomasius, Chr., 119
Three Rings, story of, 70
Tiberius, Emperor, 40
Tindal, Matthew, 144 sqq.
Toland, 133 sq.
Toleration, 46 sqq., 92 sqq.
Trajan, Emperor, 42
Turgot, 227
Tyndall, 213
Unitarians, 93, 105
United States, 96 sqq., 126
Universities, tests at, 106
Utilitarianism, 227
Vanini, Lucilio, 85
Vatican Council (1869–70), 210
Voltaire, 108 sqq., 114, 121, 163 sqq.
Wesley, 130
Westbury, Lord, 207
Wilberforce, 201
Williams, Roger. 96 sq.
Witchcraft, 66 sq., 80, 129 sq.
Woolston, 141 sqq.
Xenophanes, 23 sq.