OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/The Earl of Sunderland to Mr. Sidney, January 12

THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND TO MR. SIDNEY.
January 12.
I have received the letters you writ to me by your servant, of January 7th, which do not exactly suit with the present affairs, for the difficulty is not what is to be done after the King should declare he would pass the bill, but how to persuade him to pass it, which I believe he never will do; and that ​being so, if some expedient might be found to which the Prince would agree, we shall be all happy, but they are so averse to everything but the bill, it must be some extraordinary means that can make them be contented with less than that. These means I think can only be found in the Prince's coming, and in the manner we have formerly thought of, all which Sir W. Temple hath writ at large.
The prorogation every body will write to you about; if they can tell you what will follow, they know more than I do.—I am for ever yours.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/The Earl of Sunderland to Mr. Sidney, January 23

THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND TO MR. SIDNEY.
January 23.
Sir,
The news the King has writ to the Prince, I hope, will so absolutely put an end to all the ​ business you have in Holland, that I hope we may soon see you here. I refer you to his letter, and will only tell you, that Sir W. Temple knows not a word of any thing, but when it is in the Gazette. Nor any body of this resolution of the King's, but Mr. Hide, Mr. Godolphin, and myself.
I am, &c.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hilton, John (1804-1878)

​HILTON, JOHN (1804–1878), surgeon, was born at Castle Hedingham in Essex in 1804, and was educated at Chelmsford. He entered Guy's Hospital as a student in 1824, became M.R.C.S. Engl. in 1827, and was soon afterwards appointed demonstrator of anatomy at Guy's. While demonstrator he made elaborate dissections of the human body, which were reproduced in wax by Joseph Towne [q, v.], and are among the most valued specimens in the anatomical museum at Guy's Hospital. In 1844 he was appointed assistant-surgeon at Guy's, and in 1849 full surgeon. Having obtained the fellowship of the College of surgeons he became a member of its council in 1852, and was president in 1867. He was professor of human anatomy and surgery at the college (1860-2), and his lectures on 'Rest and Pain' were afterwards published. He ceased to lecture on surgery at Guy's in 1870, but continued to practice in New Broad Street in the city. He died at Clapham on 14 Sept. 1878, aged 74 years.
As a surgeon Hilton had remarkable powers of observation, and could discover important facts from the least obvious indications. As a lecturer and clinical teacher he had a large following, although he had an unfortunate way of irritating students, His book 'On Rest and Pain: a Course of Lectures on the Influence of Mechanical and Physiological Rest in the Treatment of Accidents and Surgical Diseases, and the Diagnostic Value of Pain,' 1863 {second and subsequent editions edited by W. H. A. Jacobson), is a surgical classic. His other writings were: 'Clinical Lectures,' in 'Guy's Hospital Reports;' 'Notes on some of the Developmental and Functional Relations of certain Portions of the Cranium,' selected from Hilton's Lectures on Anatomy, by F. W. Pavy, 1855; and the 'Hunterian Oration' for 1867. A portrait of him was published in 'The Medical Profession in all Countries,' 1873, i. No. 17.
[Bettany and Wilks's Biog. Hist. of Guy's Hospital; Guy's Hospital Gazette, 1878, iii. 135-7; Lancet, 1878, ii. 460; Proc. Royal Medical and Chirurgical Soc. 1878-9, viii. 388-90.]
G. T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hilton, William

​HILTON, WILLIAM (1786–1839), historical painter, was born at Lincoln, 8 June 1786. His father, a portrait-painter, wished to bring him up to a trade, but his tendency towards art was strong, and he was ultimately placed with John Raphael Smith [q. v.], the engraver. Peter De Wint [q. v.] was his fellow-pupil. In 1806 he entered the Academy schools. His first known works are well-finished designs in oil for `The Mirror' and `The Citizen of the World.' He commenced to exhibit at the Royal Academy in 1803, and in 1810 was awarded a premium by the British Institution. In the next year he was awarded another for his picture of 'The Entombment of Christ,' and the institution bought his 'Mary anointing the feet of Jesus' (exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1813) and `Christ crowned with Thorns' (1825), now at South Kensington in the collection purchased by the Chantrey bequest. In 1813 he was elected an associate, and in 1818 a full member of the Royal Academy. In this year he visited Rome with Thomas Phillips, R.A., and painted 'The Rape of Europa' for Sir John Leicester. In 1837 he succeeded Henry Thomson as keeper of the Academy, and in 1828 he married the sister of his friend De Wint. Although he received much encouragement from the British Institution, which as late as 1834 awarded him a complimentary premium for his picture of 'Edith discovering the dead body of Harold' (now in the National Gallery), and though he soon rose to full honours of the ​ Academy, he was not successful in selling his pictures, most of the best of which were in his possession at his death. Among these were ‘The Angel releasing St. Peter from Prison,’ ‘Sir Calepine rescuing Serena’ (now in the National Gallery), both exhibited in 1831, ‘Una with the Lion entering Corceca's Cave’ (well known from its engraving published by the Art Union), ‘The Murder of the Innocents,’ his last exhibited picture (1838), and the unfinished ‘Rizpah,’ on which he was engaged at his death. His health is said to have been ruined by grief for the death of his wife in 1835. He died 30 Dec. 1839.
In 1840 a large collection of Hilton's works was exhibited at the British Institution, and in 1841 an association of gentlemen, chiefly artists, purchased the picture of ‘Sir Calepine rescuing Serena’ from the artist's executors, and presented it to the National Gallery; and several pictures and studies by him, including ‘Edith discovering the dead body of Harold,’ were presented by Mr. Vernon in 1847. Unfortunately the lavish use of asphaltum has done serious injury to most of Hilton's best pictures, including the ‘Sir Calepine,’ the ‘Edith,’ and the triptych of ‘The Crucifixion’ at Liverpool.
[Cat. of Nat. Gall.; Redgrave's Dict.; Redgraves' Century of Painters; Bryan's Dict. (Graves); Annals of the Fine Arts, 1818; Seguier's Dict. of Painters; Armstrong's Life of Peter De Wint.]
C. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hinchliff, John Elley

John Ely Hinchliff in the ODNB.
​HINCHLIFF, JOHN ELLEY (1777–1867), sculptor, born in 1777, became the chief assistant in the studio of John Flaxman, R.A. [q. v.], and worked in that capacity for about twenty years. After Flaxman's death in 1826 he completed some of his unfinished works, notably the statues of the Marquis of Hastings at Calcutta, and of John Philip Kemble in Westminster Abbey. In 1814 he exhibited at the Royal Academy a group of ‘Christian and Apollyon,’ in 1815 another of ‘Leonidas,’ followed in subsequent years by other works of the same nature, ‘Menelaus and Paris,’ ‘Theseus and Hippodamia,’ &c. He executed a few busts, including one of Flaxman, which he exhibited at the British Institution in 1849. He was mainly occupied, however, in executing mural tablets and other sepulchral monuments. Hinchliff lived for many years in Mornington Place, Hampstead Road, where he died at the close of 1867, in his ninety-first year.
Hinchliff, John James (1805–1875), engraver, son of the above, adopted the profession of engraving, and attained some note by his illustrations to Beattie's ‘Castles and Abbeys of England,’ Gastineau's ‘Picturesque Scenery of Wales,’ &c. He was employed for many years by the hydrographic department of the admiralty, and died at Walton-by-Clevedon, Somerset, in 1875.
[Art Journal, 1868, p. 48; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Royal Acad. Catalogues; Clement and Hutton's Artists of the 19th Century.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hillier, George

​HILLIER, GEORGE (1815–1866), antiquary, eldest son of William Hillier, commander R.N., born at Kennington in 1815, was educated at Place Street House, near Ryde, Isle of Wight. He was long engaged in the preparation of the ‘History and Antiquities of the Isle of Wight.’ He projected it on a comprehensive plan, and collected materials for two volumes, but he received little support, and the parts appeared at long and uncertain intervals. The plates he engraved with his own hand, and to diminish the cost he latterly undertook the printing at his own house. Although incomplete, it is an admirable work. He was also employed in illustrating C. Warne's ‘Dorsetshire,’ and travelled with the author throughout the county in order to prepare the map, which exhibits much artistic skill and is of great antiquarian value. The discovery of the Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Chessel Down in the Isle of Wight, and the excavation of the graves, was one of Hillier's most valuable contributions to archæology. He died at Ryde on 1 April 1866, and was buried at Binstead.
His works are: 1. ‘The Topography of the Isle of Wight. To which is appended, a Voyage round the Island,’ Ryde, 1850, 12mo. 2. ‘A Narrative of the attempted Escapes of Charles the First from Carisbrook Castle, and of his detention in the Isle of Wight. Including the letters of the King to Colonel Titus, now first decyphered and printed from the originals,’ Lond. 1852, 8vo. 3. ‘The Sieges of Arundel Castle, by Sir Ralph ​Hopton and Sir William Waller,’ Lond. 1854, 8vo. 4. ‘A Memorial of the Castle of Carisbrook,’ Lond. 1855, 8vo. 5. ‘The Stranger's Guide to the town of Reading, with a History of the Abbey,’ Reading, 1859, 12mo.
[Gent. Mag. 1866, pt. ii. 262; Anderson's Book of British Topography.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hills, Robert

​HILLS, ROBERT (1769–1844), water-colour painter, was born at Islington, 26 June 1769. He received some instruction in drawing from John Alexander Gresse [q. v.], and commenced to exhibit at the Royal Academy in 1791, sending a ‘Wood scene with Gipseys,’ which was followed by a landscape in 1792. In 1804 he helped to establish the (now Royal) Society of Painters in Water-colours, of which he was for many years the secretary. To the exhibitions of the society he was a constant contributor till 1818, when he withdrew from it for five years. During that period he exhibited six or seven drawings yearly at the Royal Academy. He resumed his membership of the Society of Water-colours in 1823, and was a regular contributor till his death, which took place at 17 Golden Square, 14 May 1844. He was buried at Kensal Green.
It is as a draughtsman of animals, especially deer, pigs, and cattle, that Hills is most distinguished. He was never tired of sketching them from nature and making etchings of them. Of the latter there is a collection of 1,240 in the British Museum, with all the plates in the finest states. Besides etchings of animals he published (1816) ‘Sketches in Flanders and Holland,’ with thirty-six aquatints etched by himself. His water-colour drawings are marked by their careful finish, ​their rich colour, and the pretty bits of park and lane in which he set his groups of animals. Their chief fault is over-elaboration. He frequently introduced animals into the drawings of other artists, especially those of George Barret, jun., and G. F. Robson, and he attempted sculpture. A bronze stag cast from a terra-cotta model by him is described as ‘a masterpiece of art’ in the ‘Annals of the Fine Arts,’ 1817. There are several drawings by him at the South Kensington Museum.
[Redgrave's Dict.; Bryan's Dict. (Graves); Annals of the Fine Arts, 1817, &c.]
C. M.
# Cruel Love

"I looked from out my window once"
* Coates, Florence Earle (1907), "Cruel Love" in Harper's Monthly Magazine (July 1907).
* Coates, Florence Earle (1909), "Cruel Love—Anacreontic" in Lyrics of Life (1909).
* Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "Cruel Love—Anacreontic" in Poems I.

## References

* ↑ View this version at Google Books.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/MacKay, Angus

​MACKAY, ANGUS (1824–1886), colonial journalist and politician, born at Aberdeen on 26 Jan. 1824, was son of Murdoch MacKay of the 78th highlanders. His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Macleod. His father on receiving his pension in 1827 emigrated with his family to New South Wales.
Young MacKay was educated for the presbyterian ministry at the Australian college in Sydney, and he became for a time a school-master. But he soon turned his attention to journalism, and before he was twenty years of age he was a contributor to the 'Australian Magazine' and the 'Atlas' (a paper established by Robert Lowe, afterwards Viscount Sherbrooke). In 1847 MacKay became editor of the 'Atlas,' In 1850 he migrated to Geelong in Victoria, which is at once an industrial centre and a seaside resort, and there became manager of a general business for Mr. (afterwards Sir Henry) Parkes. But the gold rush in the following year took him back to his old calling in New South Wales, and he went to the gold-fields as a special correspondent for Mr. Parkes's new radical paper 'The Empire.' In 1853 he returned to Victoria as a digger, and took a leading part in the agitation for the alleviation of miners' grievances, heading a deputation to Melbourne, and giving important evidence before the committee to inquire into the matter. A little later he became the proprietor and editor of the 'Bendigo Advertiser.' In 1879 he returned to Sydney, and launched the 'Sydney Daily Telegraph.'
Meanwhile MacKay had entered political life. He had already, in 1849, taken an active part in the agitation for the reduction of the franchise (Fifty Years in the Making of Australian History, i. 14). In 1868, after repeated invitations, he stood for and won the seat of Sandhurst Burghs, Victoria, which he represented in three successive parliaments. Two years later he was minister of mines in the ministry of Sir James McCulloch [q. v.], and resumed the post in that of James Goodall Francis [q. v.], subsequently joining to his duties those of minister of education. His speeches as a minister were always business-like, and straightforward (Victorian Parliamentary Debates, 1870, &c.) As minister for mines, he carried through the colonial parliament several measures of benefit to the mining population. By his Mining Regulation Act accidents were reduced by one half ​their former number. He maintained that education should be free, compulsory, and secular.
After his temporary migration to Sydney (1879–83), he was again in 1883 elected for his old constituency, and resumed residence at Sandhurst. He died there on 5 July 1886, aged 62.
MacKay was an enthusiastic sportsman, and a member of the cricket team which in 1866 opposed the first All England eleven that visited Australia (Year-nook of Australia, 1886).
He was married, and his widow, two sons, and three daughters survived him.
[Melbourne Argus, 6 July 1886; Mennell's Dict. of Australasian Biog.]
C. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/MacKay, Mackintosh

​MACKAY, MACKINTOSH (1800–1873), Gaelic scholar, born in 1800, son of Captain Alexander Mackay of Duard Beg in Sutherland, was educated for the ministry, and was presented to the parish of Laggan, Inverness-shire, in 1825. He superintended the printing in 1828 of the Gaelic dictionary of the Highland and Agricultural Society, which is still the standard dictionary of that language. In the following year he published at Inverness the first edition of the 'Poems' of Robert Mackay, Rob Donn [q. v.] In recognition of these services the university of Glasgow gave him the degree of LL.D. In 1832 he was translated to the parish of Dunoon. He left the established church at the disruption, but retained the free church charge of the same parish. He was elected moderator of the free church assembly in 1849. Five years after he emigrated to Australia, became minister of the Gaelic church at Melbourne in 1864 and at Sydney in 1866. Returning to Scotland he became minister of the free church at Tarbert, Harris, and died in 1873. He had the honour of the friendship of Sir Walter Scott, who describes him as 'a simple, learned man and a Highlander, who weighs his own nation justly, a modest and estimable person.' On visiting Abbotsford in May 1831, Mackay drew the attention of Scott and Lockhart to the poems of Rob Donn, and thus led to the review of them by Lockhart in the 'Quarterly,' July 1831, for which he supplied several prose translations. Scott recommended the manse at Laggan as a suitable place, and Mackay as a suitable tutor to his friend, Mr. Skene of Rubislaw, for his son, William Forbes Skene, the historian of Celtic Scotland, then a youth of nineteen, who went to Laggan and studied Gaelic. Mackay thus acted as foster-father to the Gaelic poet of the last and the Celtic historian of tue present century.
[Information from Mr. W. Forbes Skene; Quarterly Review, July 1831.]
Æ. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/MacKenna, Theobald

​MACKENNA, THEOBALD (d. 1808), Irish catholic writer, was secretary to the catholic committee in Ireland previous to 1791, but upon the secession of the moderate and anti-democratic party under Valentine Browne, fifth viscount Kenmare, in the December of that year he became the mouthpiece of the seceders, whose fears were aroused by the French revolution. Though a catholic in ​faith, MacKenna was conservative in his political views, and from 1793 was frequently employed to write on behalf of the government. Eager for catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform, he displayed great repugnance to the republican and separatist policy advocated by Wolfe Tone, and he strongly combated Wolfe Tone's views in a pamphlet of 1793, entitled ‘An Essay on Parliamentary Reform, and the Evils likely to ensue from a Republican Constitution in Ireland.’ MacKenna favoured the idea of a union with England, and was recommended by Thomas Lewis O'Beirne [q. v.], bishop of Meath, to Lord Castlereagh to write in its favour. A memoir of his on the project, published in 1799, bases its expected advantages on the necessity under which England, once the union was achieved, would be placed of fostering the prosperity of all her dominions as a counterpoise to France. Like the vast majority of Irishmen, MacKenna was bitterly disappointed when the union was followed by neither religious concessions nor political reforms. His later pamphlets therefore were devoted to calling the attention of the government to their broken pledges. In 1805 he published a very long tract, entitled ‘Thoughts on the Civil Condition and Relations of the Romish Clergy, Religion, and People in Ireland.’ In this he suggested to the government the advisability of raising the Irish catholic church to the dignity of an establishment by assuming the nomination of its bishops, and providing stipends for its clergy. His last pamphlet, ‘Views of the Catholic Question submitted to the good will of the People of England,’ denounced the continued refusal of justice to the Irish catholics, and commented upon the practice of maintaining exceptional legislation for Ireland, in distinction to other parts of the British Empire. MacKenna died in Dublin on 31 Dec. 1808.
[MacKenna's own works (for list see Brit. Mus. Cat.); Castlereagh Correspondence, iii. 353; Lecky's Hist. of Engl. in Eighteenth Cent. vols. vii. viii.; Gent. Mag. 1809, pt. i.; Taylor's Univ. of Dublin, p. 467.]
G. P. M-y.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/MacMahon, Thomas Westropp

1904 Errata appended.
​MACMAHON, Sir THOMAS WESTROPP (1813–1892), general, born on 14 Feb. 1813, was eldest son of General Sir Thomas MacMahon (1779–1800), G.C.B., second baronet, who served in the Portuguese army in the Peninsula, and was afterwards adj utant-general in India and commander-in-chief at Bombay. His mother was Emily Anne, daughter of Michael Roberts Westropp. His father's elder brother, John MacMahon (d. 1817), was private secretary and keeper of the privy purse to the prince regent, afterwards George IV; became a privy councillor, and was created a baronet 7 Aug. 1817, with remainder in default of his own male issue to MacMahon's father, Thomas. The young Thomas obtained a cornetcy in the 16th lancers 24 Dec. 1829, and was transferred to the 6th Inniskilling dragoons the year after, in which regiment he became lieutenant 2 Dec 1831, and captain 9 June 1838. On 22 April 1842 he was transferred as captain to the 9th lancers, when that regiment was augmented on proceeding to India, and served with it, under the command of Sir James Hope Grant [q. v.], in the Sutlej campaign, and at the battle of Sobraon 10 Feb. 1846 (medal). He was promoted to a majority unattached 13 July 1847. He served in Turkey and the Crimea as assistant quartermaster-general of the cavalry division, and was present at the battles of the Alma. Bokklava (with the heavy brigade), the Tchettaya, and siege of Sebastopol (C.B., medal, and three clasps, Turkish medal and fifth class of the Medjidie). While in the Crimea, on the promotion of Sir James Yorke Scarlett, he became lieutenant-colonel 5th dragoon guards from 12 Dec. 1854, and commanded that regiment until he went on half-pay in 1861. He succeeded his father as third baronet in 1860; became a major-general 6 March 1869; commanded the cavalry brigade at Aldershot, and was inspector-general of cavalry 1871 to 1876; became lieutenant-general in 1877, and general in 1880. In 1874 he received the honorary colonelcy 18th hussars, and in 1885 was transferred to that of his old corps, the 5th dragoon guards. MacMahon died at the Sycamores, Farnborough, Hampshire, after a protracted illness, 23 Jan. 1892. MacMahon married, first, in 1851, Dora Paulina, youngest daughter of Evan Hamilton-Baillie (she died in 1852); secondly, in 1859, Frances Mary, daughter of John Holford (she died in 1867); and thirdly, in 1888, Constance Marianne, widow of John Brooking. By his second wife he had four sons, all now in the army, and one daughter.
[Foster's Baronetage, under 'MacMahon;' Kinglake's Invasion of the Crimea, vol. v.; Army Lists and London Gazette; Broad Arrow, 30 Jan. 1892.]
H. M. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.190 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/MacIan

​MACIAN of Glencoe. [See Macdonald, Alexander, d. 1692.]