# Dictionary of Spoken Spanish/Part 1/R

R
* rábano radish. ○ tomar el rábano por las hojas to misinterpret.
* rabia rabies El perro tiene rabia. The dog has rabies. $^▲$ rage, fury. ○ dar rabia to make furious, to anger Me da rabia no haber ido. It makes me furious that I didn't go. ○ tener rabia to have a grudge against Le tengo una rabia tremenda. I've a terrible grudge against him. ○ tomar rabia to develop a grudge against Le tomó rabia sin tener porqué. He developed a grudge against him for no reason at all.
* rabiar to be mad, be furious, to rage.
* rabioso furious, enraged; rabid.
* rabo tail (without hair or feathers) El ratón se cogió el rabo en la ratonera. The mouse's tail got caught in the trap. ○ (con el) rabo entre (las) piernas crestfallen Volvió con el rabo entre las piernas. He came back crestfallen.
* rabona ○ hacer rabona to cut or skip (class, etc); to play hookey.
* racha streak, string, series Ha habido una racha de crímenes. There's been a series of crimes. ○ buena racha streak of good luck.
* racimo cluster, bunch.
* radiador [m] radiator.
* radio [f in Sp & Arg, m in rest of Am] radio El radio dio la noticia. The news came over the radio. $^▲$ [m] radium. ○ radio de acción range El radio de acción de aquella emisora era muy extenso. That transmitter had a very long range.
* radiograma [m] radiogram.
* raído frayed, threadbare.
* raíz [f] root Este árbol tiene las raices muy hondas. This tree has very deep roots. ○ arrancar de raíz to uproot.
* raja split, crack; slice (of food).
* rajar to split, rend. $^▲$ to slice Hay que rajar el melón. The melon has to be sliced. $^▲$ to chatter, gossip [Slang]. ○ rajarse to crack El cristal del reloj se rajó. My watch crystal cracked. $^▲$ to hold back Siempre se raja a última hora. He always holds back at the last moment.
* ralo thin, sparse; [Antilles] weak (of infusions).
* rama branch, twig, bough ¡No te cuelges de esa rama! Don't hang from that branch! $^▲$ branch Aquel apellido era de otra rama de la familia. That name came from another branch of the family.
​ ​a year. ○ atender a razones to listen to reason. ○ dar razón to give information Se alquila. Darán razón en la portería. For rent. See the janitor for information. ○ tener razón to be right. ○ no tener razón to be wrong. ○ tomar razón de to make a record of.
* razonable reasonable.
* razonar to reason.
* reacción [f] reaction; political conservatism; reactionary force. ○ entrar en reacción to warm oneself, warm up Encendió la estufa para entrar en reacción. He lit the stove to warm himself.
* real real, actual La situación real no ha cambiado. The actual situation hasn't changed. $^▲$ royal Pertenecía a la familia real. He belonged to the royal family. $^▲$ [m] real (Sp coin worth about 25 cents) Esta revista cuesta un real. This magazine costs one real.
* realidad [f] reality, fact.
* realización [f] realization, execution La realización de los planes durará por lo menos un año. The execution of the plans will take at least a year. $^▲$ sale El lunes pasado hubo una realización de todas las mercancías. There was a sale of all the merchandise last Monday.
* realizar to accomplish Esto no es difícil de realizar. This isn't hard to accomplish. $^▲$ to carry out Realizaron el plan con todos sus detalles. They carried out the plan in every detail. $^▲$ to sell out Realizaron todas las existencias. They sold out all the goods in stock.
* reanimar to cheer up, encourage; to revive.
* rebaja reduction.
* rebajar to reduce, lower Han rebajado un poco los precios. They've reduced the prices a little. $^▲$ to reduce (in weight) He rebajado diez libras. I've reduced ten pounds. ○ rebajarse to lower oneself No me rebajaré a hacer tal cosa. I won't lower myself to do such a thing.
* rebelde rebellious. $^▲$ [n] rebel.
* recadero, recadera messenger.
* recado message; errand.
* recaída relapse.
* recámara bedroom [Mex].
* recambio ○ pieza de recambio spare part.
* receloso distrustful, suspicious.
* recepción [f] reception, formal gathering La recepción fué muy lucida. It was a very brilliant reception. $^▲$ reception Les hicieron una recepción muy calurosa. They were given a very warm reception.
* receta prescription (medicine). ○ receta de cocina recipe (cooking).
* rechazar to discard, reject, turn down Rechazó la idea de ir al campo. He turned down the idea of going to the country. $^▲$ to drive back El enemigo fué rechazado a sus posiciones. The enemy was driven back to his positions.
* recibir to receive Recibió Ud. ayer alguna visita? Did you receive any visitors yesterday? ○ recibirse to graduate [Am] Se recibió de doctor. He graduated as a doctor. ○ ser bien (or mal) recibido to be (or not to be) well-taken Fué trial recibida su opinión. His opinion wasn't well-taken.
* recibo receipt.
* recién recently, newly Ese café está recién hecho. That coffee hasn't been made very long. $^▲$ just, recently [Am] Recién me entero. I just found out. ○ recién casados newlyweds. ○ recién llegado newcomer.
* reciente new, fresh La pintura estaba reciente. The paint was fresh. $^▲$ recent ¿Son estas noticias recientes? Is this news recent?
* reclamación [f] reclamation; complaint; claim.
* reclamar to claim Ud. ya no puede reclamar ese dinero. You can no longer claim that money. ○ reclamar en juicio to sue.
* reclamo advertising; claim [Am]; decoy.
* recluta [m] recruit, rookie.
* recobrar to recover, regain.
* recoger to get Voy a recoger los papeles que dejé en mi despacho. I'm going to get the papers I left in my office. $^▲$ to collect Han recogido mucho dinero para la Cruz Roja. They've collected a lot of money for the Red Cross. $^▲$ to collect, gather up Recoja Ud. todas esas cosas y póngala en orden. Gather up all those things and put them in order. $^▲$ to pick up Recoja Ud. eso que se te ha caído. Pick up what you dropped. $^▲$ to take in, shelter Han recogido varios huérfanos. They've taken in several orphans. ○ recogerse to go home, retire Se recoge muy tarde. He keeps late hours. ​
* recomendación [f] recommendation.
* recomendar to recommend ¿Me puede Ud. recomendar un buen restaurant? Can you recommend a good restaurant to me? $^▲$ to recommend, advise Le recomiendo a Ud. que lo haga de prisa. I advise you to do it quickly.
* reconocer to inspect, examine El paciente fué reconocido cuidadosamente. The patient was carefully examined. $^▲$ to recognize Cuando le vi de nuevo, no le reconocí. When I saw him again, I didn't recognize him. $^▲$ to acknowledge, admit ¿Reconoce Ud. su falta? Do you acknowledge your mistake? $^▲$ to acknowledge, be grateful for Estoy reconocido a sus atenciones. I'm grateful for your kindness.
* reconstruir to rebuild, reconstruct.
* recordar [rad-ch I] to remember ¿Recuerda Ud. lo que le dije? Do you remember what I told you? $^▲$ to remind Me recuerda mucho a su padre. He reminds me very much of his father.
* recorrer to cover, travel Ayer recorrimos diez millas. Yesterday we covered ten miles.
* recorrido route, course, run Ese cartero tiene un recorrido muy largo. That postman has a very long route.
* recorte [m] scrap, cutting; clipping (newspaper).
* recreo recreation.
* recto [adj] straight Todo el camino era recto. The road was straight all the way. $^▲$ just, fair Era un hombre recto. He was a just man. ○ ángulo recto right angle.
* recuerdo remembrance, memory Guardo muy buenos recuerdos de mi amistad con él. I have very happy memories of my friendship with him. $^▲$ souvenir, memento Estos son recuerdos de nuestro viaje por Italia. These are souvenirs of our trip through Italy. ○ recuerdos regards Dé Ud. recuerdos a su familia de mi parte. Give my regards to your family.
* recurso means, argument Empleó todos los recursos para convencerle. He used every argument to convince him. ○ recursos resources, means Estaba materialmente sin recursos. He was practically without means.
* red [f] net Los pescadores tendieron la red. The fishermen spread out the net. $^▲$ snare, trap Cayó en la(s) red(es) que le tendieron. He fell into the snare they set for him.
* redacción [f] editorial staff Entró en la redacción de una revista. He joined the editorial staff of a magazine. $^▲$ composition La redacción de esta carta es mala. This letter's badly written.
* redactar to compose, frame in writing Esta carta está muy bien redactada. This letter's very well put.
* redondo [adj] round. ○ en números redondos in round numbers.
* reducción [f] reduction, decrease.
* reducir [-zc-] to reduce Redujo el presupuesto en su departamento. He reduced the budget in his department. ○ quedar reducido a to be reduced to, be brought to a condition of El edificio quedó reducido a escombros. The building was reduced to rubble. ○ reducir a la obediencia to compel to obey.
* reemplazar to replace.
* reexpedir to forward (mail).
* referencia reference ¿Cuáles son sus referencias? What are your references? ○ dar referencias to inform. ○ hacer referencia a to refer to, mention Hizo referenda a un autor muy famoso. He referred to a very famous author.
* referir [rad-ch II] to relate Refirió el caso con muchos detalles. He related the matter in great detail. ○ referirse a to refer to ¿A qué se refiere Ud. cuando dice eso? What are you referring to when you say that?
* reforma alteration. ○ cerrado por reformas closed for alterations.
* refrán [m] proverb, saying.
* refrescar to cool Hay que refrescar el agua. The water must be cooled. $^▲$ to get cool or cooler Esta refrescando la tarde. The afternoon's getting cooler. ○ refrescar la memoria to refresh one's memory. ○ refrescarse to cool off Vamos a refrescarnos a la sombra de los árboles. Let's cool off in the shade of the trees.
* refresco refreshment, cold drink Tomó un refresco para aplacar la sed. He took a cold drink to quench his thirst.
* refrigerador [m] refrigerator.
* refugiarse to take shelter.
* regalar to present, give (gift) ¿Qué me vas a regalar por mi cumpleaños? What are you going to give me for my birthday?
* regalo present, gift Recibió un buen regalo. He received a nice gift. ​ ○ con regalo in luxury Vivía con regalo. He lived in luxury.
* regañar to scold Siempre me esta regañando. He's always scolding me.
* regaño scolding, reprimand.
* regar [rad-ch I] to water, irrigate.
* regateo bargaining, haggling.
* régimen [m] regime, political system El régimen de aquel país era muy democrático. The political system of that country was very democratic. $^▲$ diet El médico lo puso a régimen. The doctor put him on a diet.
* región [f] region.
* regir [rad-ch III] to rule, govern ¿Quién rige esos territorios? Who rules those territories? $^▲$ to be in effect Aun rige ese decreto. That decree's still in effect.
* registrar to search La policía registró su casa. The police searched his house. $^▲$ to examine (baggage). $^▲$ to record, keep a record of Registraba en aquel libro las compras y ventas. He kept a record of purchases and sales in that book. ○ registrarse to register (oneself) Es preciso registrarse en el Consulado. You have to register at the Consulate.
* regla rule, regulation Tiene Ud. que obedecer las reglas. You have to obey the rules. $^▲$ ruler (for drawing lines) ¿Puede dejarme la regla? Can you leave me the ruler? ○ en regla in order ¿Todo está en regla? Is everything in order? ○ por regla general as a general rule.
* regocijo joy, gladness.
* regreso return, coming or going back.
* regular regular, orderly, regulated Llevaba una vida muy regular. He led a very regular life. $^▲$ moderate, so-so Esta mañana me siento regular nada más. This morning I only feel so-so. ○ por lo regular as a rule, ordinarily Por lo regular le'veía todos los días. Ordinarily I saw him every day.
* regularidad [f] regularity.
* reina queen.
* reinar to reign Luis diez y seis reinó en Francia en el siglo dieciocho. Louis the Sixteenth reigned in France in the eighteenth century. $^▲$ to prevail, reign Durante la guerra reinó el terror. Terror reigned during the war.
* reino kingdom.
* reir(se) [rad-ch III] to laugh No se ría Ud. Don't laugh. ○ reírse a carcajadas to laugh heartily, guffaw. ○ reírse de to laugh at ¿De qué se ríe Ud.? What are you laughing at? $^▲$ to make fun of, ridicule Estaban riévdose de él. They were making fun of him.
* reja bars, iron window grating.
* relación [f] story, account Toda aquella relación era interesante. The whole story was interesting. ○ con relación a about, with regard to No'sé nada con relación a ese asunto. I don't know anything about that matter. ○ entrar en (or establecer) relaciones con to establish (business) relations with. ○ relaciones relations, dealings No existían entre ellos ningunas relaciones. They had no dealings with each other. ○ tener relación con to have connection with, have relation to Eso no tiene ninguna relación con el asunto que estamos tratando. That has no relation to the subject we're discussing. ○ tener relaciones to have connections Tiene muy buenas relaciones. He has very good connections.
* relacionar to relate, connect, establish a relation between En su conferencia relacionó los dos hechos históricos. In his lecture he established a relation between the two historical facts. $^▲$ to introduce (make acquainted) Mi prima nos relacionó. My cousin introduced us. ○ relacionarse con to have dealings with No se relacione con tales gentes. Don't have any dealings with such people.
* relajamiento laxness, laxity, looseness.
* relajo disorder, confusion, mix-up [Am].
* relámpago lightning.
* relatar to relate, tell.
* religión [f] religion.
* religioso religious. $^▲$ [n] member of a religious order.
* reloj [m] clock, watch. ○ andar (or marchar) como un reloj to be in perfect trim. ○ reloj de pulsera wrist watch.
* relucir [-zc-] to shine, glisten, glitter.
* rellenar to refill; to fill up; to stuff.
* relleno stuffed, filled. $^▲$ [m] stuffing. ○ pimientos rellenos stuffed peppers.
* remar to row (a boat).
* remate [m] auction. ○ de remate completely Estaba loco de remate. He was completely crazy.
* remediar to remedy, repair Tenemos que remediar el daño. We'll have to repair the damage. ​ ○ no poder remediar not to be able to help No pudo remediar lo que pasó. He couldn't help what happened.
* remedio remedy, medicine Se le dieron al enfermo varios remedios caseros. Various home remedies were given to the patient. ○ ni para un remedio for love or money No pude encontrar un taxi ni para tin remedio. I couldn't get a taxi for love or money. ○ no hay más remedio que there's nothing to do but No hay más remedio que dejarle marchar. There's nothing to do but let him go. ○ no tener más remedio que to have no recourse but No tuve más remedio que ir. I had no recourse but to go. ○ no tener remedio to be beyond repair Lo que has hecho no tiene remedio. What you've done's beyond repair. ○ sin remedio hopeless, beyond hope Es un caso sin remedio. He's a hopeless case.
* remendar [rad-ch I] to mend, patch, repair.
* remiendo patch.
* remitir to remit, send.
* remo oar; [Slang] leg.
* remolacha beet.
* remolcar to tow.
* remontar to go up Remontaron el curso del río. They went up the river. ○ remontarse to get excited, be excited Procure Ud. no remontarse tanto. Try not to be so excited. ○ remontarse a to go back to En su conferencia el profesor se remontó a fechas muy lejanas. The professor went back to very early times in his lecture. $^▲$ to date from, date back to Ese hecho se remonta al siglo dieciseis. That event dates back to the sixteenth century.
* remordimiento remorse.
* remover [rad-ch I] to dig up, loosen (soil) Removió la tierra para sembrar la semilla. He dug up the ground to plant the seeds. $^▲$ to stir Remueva Ud. la sopa. Stir the soup. $^▲$ to shake La explosión removió la casa. The explosion shook the house. ○ remover (de un cargo or puesto) to dismiss (from a post or office) Removieron a todos los empleados. All the employees were dismissed.
* rendir [rad-ch III] to yield, produce Esta hacienda rinde muy poco. This farm produces very little. $^▲$ to conquer, win (over) Con sus amabilidades la rindió. With his attentions, he conquered her. $^▲$ to surrender El general rindió la plaza al enemigo. The general surrendered the city to the enemy. ○ estar rendido to be all in. ○ rendir cuentas to give (or render) an account Tuvo que rendir cuentas. He had to render an account. ○ rendirse to become exhausted, be worn out Se rindió de tanto correr. He became exhausted from running so hard. $^▲$ to surrender, give up Después de seis días se rindió la plaza. After six days the garrison surrendered. $^▲$ to yield, give in No quería rendirse a la evidencia. He didn't want to yield to the evidence.
* rengo lame [Arg].
* renguear to limp, hobble [Arg].
* renquear to limp, hobble.
* renta rent No hemos pagado la renta de la casa este mes. We haven't paid this month's rent on the house. $^▲$ income; interest (from a bank account) ¿Qué renta anual le produce su capital? What's the annual income on your capital?
* rentar to rent for ¿Cuánto renta ese cuarto? How much does that room rent for? $^▲$ to produce, yield Estos valores rentarán mucho en el futuro. These stocks will yield a great deal in the future.
* renuncia resignation; renunciation.
* renunciar to resign Tuvo que renunciar a su puesto. He had to resign from his position. $^▲$ to refuse, reject Renunció a aquel honor. He refused that honor. $^▲$ to give up, renounce Hay que renunciar a esos planes. Those plans have to be given up.
* reñido (see reñir) on bad terms Estamos reñidos. We're on bad terms.
* reñir [rad-ch III] to wrangle, quarrel, argue Le gustaba reñir por cualquier cosa. He'd quarrel about anything. $^▲$ to scold No le riña Ud. más. Don't scold him any more.
* reorganizar to reorganize.
* reparar to repair Había que reparar el edificio. The building had to be repaired. ○ reparar en to consider No reparó en las consecuencias. He didn't consider the consequences. $^▲$ to notice No reparó en el saludo que le hice. He didn't notice my greeting.
* reparo objection Los reparos de Ud. no son razonables. Your objections aren't reasonable. ○ poner reparo(s) to make objection(s) ¿Puso algún reparo a aquella ​carta? Did he make any objections to that letter? || Es un hombre de muchos reparos. He's a very discreet man.
* repartir to distribute. ○ repartirse to share, divide Nos repartimos el pastel. We divided the cake among ourselves.
* reparto sharing, distribution; delivery (of goods, mail).
* repasar to check Repase Ud. esa cuenta detenidamente. Check that account carefully. $^▲$ to review Repase Ud. las lecciones. Review your lessons. $^▲$ to mend Había que repasar aquella ropa. Those clothes had to be mended.
* repaso review (of a lesson); mending.
* repente [m] sudden impulse Tuvo un repente y se declaró. He had a sudden impulse and proposed to her. ○ de repente suddenly, unexpectedly Llegó de repente. He arrived unexpectedly.
* repentino sudden.
* repetición [f] repetition El informe estaba lleno de repeticiones. The report was full of repetitions. $^▲$ encore El público entusiasmado pidió la repetición. The enthusiastic audience asked for an encore.
* repetir [rad-ch III] to repeat Haga el favor de repetir esa palabra. Please repeat that word.
* replicar to reply, answer back; to argue.
* replicón insolent (of children or servants).
* reponer [irr] to replace Repuso de fondos su cuenta corriente. He replaced the funds in his current account. $^▲$ to repair Hay que reponer este ventilador. This electric fan has to be repaired. ○ reponerse to recover (health) Se marchó al campo para reponerse. He went to the country to recover his health.
* reposar to rest.
* reposo rest. ○ sin reposo ceaselessly, endlessly Habla sin reposo. He talks endlessly.
* representación [f] performance (usually of a play) ¿A qué hora empieza la representación? What time does the play begin? ○ en representación de representing, as a representative of Fué a México en representación de su país. He went to Mexico as his country's representative.
* representante [adj] representative. $^▲$ [m] traveling salesman, agent.
* representar to represent; to perform.
* represión [f] repression, suppression Medidas de represión. Repressive measures.
* reprimir to suppress, repress Reprimieron la sublevación. They suppressed the revolt. ○ reprimirse to repress oneself, control oneself No pudo reprimirse por más tiempo. He could control himself no longer.
* reprochar to reproach.
* reproducción [f] reproduction (biology). $^▲$ reproduction Aquel instrumento servía para la reproducción del sonido. That instrument was used to reproduce the sound. $^▲$ reproduction, copy Hizo una buena reproducción de un cuadro de Velazquez. He made a good copy of a Velazquez painting.
* reproducir [-zc-] to reproduce.
* república republic.
* republicano [adj; m] republican.
* repuesto See reponer. ○ de repuesto extra, spare (of a part).
* repugnante repugnant; repulsive.
* repugnar to cause disgust (or loathing) in Me repugna esa sopa. I loathe that soup.—Me repugna hacerlo. I hate to do it.
* requerir [rad-ch II] to summon Lo requirieron para declarar. They summoned him to testify. $^▲$ to require Este trabajo requiere cuidado. This work requires care.
* requisito requisite, requirement.
* res [f] head of cattle.
* resaltar to stand out (by contrast).
* resbaladizo slippery.
* resbalar(se) to slip Tenga cuidado no vaya a resbalarse. Be careful you don't slip.
* resbaloso slippery [Am] El camino era muy resbaloso. The road was very slippery.
* rescate [m] ransom; exchange (of prisoners).
* reserva secrecy, discretion Se aconseja reserva en este asunto. Discretion's advisable in this matter. $^▲$ reserve Estaba en la reserva militar. He was in the military reserve. ○ guardar reserva to use discretion, be discreet Por favor, guarde Ud. reserva en esto. Please be discreet about this.
* reservado (See reservar) reserved Era muy reservado. He was very reserved.
* reservar to reserve Le reservó la habi​hasta su regreso. She reserved the room for him until his return. $^▲$ to keep in reserve Reserve Ud. ese dinero, puede hacerle falta. Keep that money in reserve; you may need it. ○ reservarse to keep for oneself Se reservó el mejor asiento. He kept the best seat for himself. || Reservado el derecho de admisión. Catering to a restricted clientele.
* resfriado cold (sickness).
* resfriarse to catch cold.
* residencia residence, house; student's boarding house.
* residente [adj] resident.
* residir to reside, live.
* resignarse to be resigned.
* resistencia resistance; strength, stamina.
* resistente strong; resistant.
* resistir to resist, put up resistance Resistieron en la ciudad durante un mes. They resisted in the city for a month. ○ resistirse a to refuse to Se resistió a comer. He refused to eat.
* resolución [f] decision, resolution; courage, resoluteness.
* resolver [rad-ch I] to decide Era necesario resolver con toda urgencia. $^▲$ decision had to be made immediately. $^▲$ to solve Resolvió el problema. He solved the problem. ○ resolverse to bring oneself to the point (of) No se resuelve a tomar una decisión. He can't bring himself to the point of making a decision.
* respaldar to indorse Respalde Ud. este documento. Indorse this document. $^▲$ to back, support El jefe respaldaba sus actos. The chief supported his actions.
* respaldo back (of a seat).
* respecto ○ (con) respecto a with respect to, with regard to.
* respetable respectable Era un hombre respetable. He was a respectable man. $^▲$ considerable Le debía una cantidad respetable. I owed him a considerable sum.
* respeto respect.
* respiración [f] respiration Le faltó la respiración. He got short of breath.
* respirar to breathe Respire Ud. fuerte. Breathe deeply.
* responder to answer, respond No respondió riada. He didn't answer anything. $^▲$ to respond, react Ha respondido muy bien al tratamiento. He responded very well to the treatment. $^▲$ to be the result, be due Esa ley responde a una necesidad pública. That law's the result of a public need. $^▲$ to repay, requite. ○ responder de to answer for ¿Quién responde de los daños? Who answers for the damages? $^▲$ to back (up) ¿Quién responde de él? Who backs him up?
* responsable responsible, reliable Es un hombre muy responsable. He's a very responsible man. ○ ser responsable to be in charge Quién es la persona responsable aquí? Who's in charge here? ○ ser responsable de to be responsible for, be to blame for Ese hombre es responsable del incendio. That man's responsible for the fire.
* responsabilidad [f] responsibility.
* respuesta answer, reply.
* resquebrajado cracked.
* resta subtraction.
* restar to subtract. $^▲$ to be left, remain No resta nada que hacer. Nothing remains to be done.
* restaurante [m] restaurant.
* resto remainder, balance, rest Es el resto del dinero. It's the rest of the money. $^▲$ pile, stack (of chips in playing cards) Le juego mi resto. I bet my pile. ○ echar el resto to do one's best Echó el resto por conseguir trabajo. He did his best to get a job. ○ restos leftovers Esa cocinera sabe aprovechar los restos. That cook knows how to use leftovers. ○ restos (mortales) (mortal) remains Trasladaron los restos al cementerio. They took the remains to the cemetery.
* restorán [m] restaurant.
* resuelto (see resolver) determined, resolute Es un hombre muy resuelto. He's a very determined man.
* resultado result.
* resultar to result, turn out La fiesta resultó muy bien. The party turned out very well. $^▲$ to wear, last ¿Qué traje le ha resultado mejor? Which suit wore better?
* resumen [m] summary, abstract, resume. ○ en resumen in brief, in short.
* retener [irr] to withhold Le retuvieron el sueldo aquel mes. They withheld his salary that month. $^▲$ to keep, remember, retain (in one's mind) No podía retener las fechas en la cabeza. He couldn't remember dates. $^▲$ to hold, keep Retuvieron aquella colina ​dos días más. They held that hill two more days.
* retirada retreat, retirement, withdrawal.
* retirar to withdraw Puede Ud. retirar esa cantidad del Banco. You may withdraw that amount from the bank. $^▲$ to pull back, put aside Retire un poco la silla para que se pueda pasar. Pull the chair aside a little so there'll be room to pass. $^▲$ to retire Lo retiraron a los setenta años. They retired him at seventy. ○ retirarse to withdraw, retreat Las fuerzas se retiraron. The forces withdrew. $^▲$ to retire Se ha retirado de los negocios. He's retired from business.
* retiro retirement (from social life, business, or profession).
* retrasar to postpone Retrasaron la fecha de la reunión. They postponed the date of the meeting. $^▲$ to delay Ciertos asuntos me retrasaron. Some business delayed me. $^▲$ to set back Retrasó el reloj. He set back his watch. ○ retrasarse to run slow El reloj se retrasa. That clock runs slow. $^▲$ to be late Siento haberme retrasado tanto. I'm sorry to be so late.
* retratar to portray; to take a picture of.
* retrato portrait, painting, photograph.
* retrete [m] toilet (room) [Sp].
* retroceder to go back, come back Retrocedió unos pasos para reunirse con nosotros. He came back a few steps to join us. $^▲$ to back up El auto retrocedió hasta quedar enfrente de la puerta. The car backed up until it was in front of the door. $^▲$ to draw back, go back (on) No podía retroceder de su decisión. He couldn't go back on his decision.
* reunión [f] meeting, gathering, assembly, party.
* reunir to unite, gather, bring together Reunió todos sus amigos en una fiesta. He brought all his friends together at a party. $^▲$ to collect Reunieron mucho dinero en la función benéfica. They collected a lot of money at the benefit. ○ reunirse to meet Se reúnen en su casa todos los miércoles. They meet at his home every Wednesday. $^▲$ to unite, gang up Se han reunido todos contra mí. They've all ganged up on me.
* revelación [f] revelation.
* revelar to reveal, show Revela gran talento. He shows great talent. $^▲$ to develop ¿Reveló Ud. ya las fotografías? Have you developed the pictures yet?
* reventar [rad-ch I] to burst, bust La cañería reventó. The water main busted. $^▲$ to annoy (to death), irritate Ese tipo me revienta. That fellow annoys me to death. $^▲$ to burst, be full Reventaba de salud. He was bursting with health. $^▲$ to exhaust, knock out La caminata me reventó. The long walk exhausted me. ○ estar reventado to be exhausted, be knocked out Después de esa caminata estoy reventado. After that long walk I'm knocked out. ○ reventarse to blow out, explode Se reventó un neumático. A tire blew out.
* revés [m] wrong side, reverse side Ese es el revés de la tela. This is the wrong side of the material. $^▲$ slap (with back of hand). $^▲$ backhand shot Fué un buen revés. It was a good backhand shot. ○ al revés the contrary, the opposite No es así, precisamente es al revés. It's not like this; it's just the opposite. $^▲$ the wrong way, wrong Todo le salía al revés. Everything he did went wrong. ○ del revés inside out, wrong side out La chaqueta está del revés. The jacket's wrong side out.
* revisar to revise; to review, examine.
* revisor [m] conductor (on train) [Sp].
* revista review Se pasó revista a los soldados. The soldiers were reviewed. $^▲$ magazine Es una revista muy cara. It's a very expensive magazine.
* revolución [f] revolution, revolt; revolution, turn.
* revolucionario [adj; m] revolutionary.
* revólver [m] revolver, pistol.
* revolver [rad-ch I] to revolve. $^▲$ to stir Revuélvalo Ud. con una cuchara. Stir it with a spoon. $^▲$ to turn upside down El niño lo revolvía todo en la casa. The child was turning the house upside down.
* revuelta revolt Lo revuelta empezó en un cuartel. The revolt started in one of the barracks. $^▲$ turn Al llegar a la revuelta del camino, paró. He stopped when he reached the turn in the road.
* revuelto (see revolver) [adj] topsy-turvy.
* rey [m] king.
* rezar to pray, say (prayers) Rezaba todos los días sus oraciones. He said his prayers every day. ○ rezar con to concern or affect La ​orden no reza conmigo. The order doesn't concern me.
* rezo [m] praying.
* rico rich, wealthy Era el más rico del pueblo. He was the richest man in the town. $^▲$ rich (in) Hay vegetales muy ricos en vitaminas. Some vegetables are very rich in vitamins. $^▲$ delicious ¡Qué más rico el sabor de esta carne! What a delicious flavor this meat has! $^▲$ cute ¡Qué niño más rico! What a cute child!
* ridículo ridiculous Su aspecto era ridículo. His appearance was ridiculous. ○ poner en ridículo to put in a ridiculous position La conducta de su mujer lo puso en ridículo. The conduct of his wife put him in a ridiculous position.
* ridiculizar to ridicule.
* rienda rein Sujete Ud. bien las ríendas. Hold on to the reins. ○ a rienda suelta without restraint Se rió a rienda suelta. He laughed without restraint. ○ dar rienda suelta a to give free rein to Dio rienda al llanto. She gave free rein to her tears.
* riesgo danger, risk Corrió mucho riesgo. He ran a big risk.
* rifar to raffle.
* rígido stiff, rigid; severe, stern.
* rigor [m] rigor, severity. ○ en rigor in fact. ○ ser de rigor to be indispensable.
* riguroso rigorous, strict, severe.
* rincón [m] (inside) corner Ponga Ud. la silla en el rincón. Put the chair in the corner. $^▲$ remote spot Buscó un rincón donde vivir tranquilo. He looked for a remote spot where he could live quietly.
* riñon [m] kidney.
* río river.
* riqueza wealth; abundance.
* risa laugh, laughter La risa es contagiosa. Laughter's contagious. ○ cosa de risa a laughing matter No es cosa de risa. It's not a laughing matter.
* risueño smiling, cheerful.
* rizador [m] curler, curling iron.
* rizo curl.
* robar to rob, plunder Ese hombre roba a todo el mundo. That man robs everybody. $^▲$ to steal Robó el dinero. He stole the money. $^▲$ to draw (in cards) Ahora le toca a Ud. robar. Now it's your turn to draw.
* roble [m] oak.
* robo robbery, theft.
* robusto robust, vigorous, hale.
* roca rock; cliff.
* rodar [rad-ch I] to roll La piedra rodaba cuesta abajo. The stone was rolling downhill. $^▲$ to wander about, roam Empezó a rodar por el mundo. He began to roam around the world. $^▲$ to roll in Ahora rueda el dinero más que nanea. Now the money rolls in more than ever. ○ rodar una película to shoot a movie Se empezó a rodar la película. They started shooting the picture.
* rodear to surround, encircle El río rodeaba la ciudad. The river surrounded the city.—La casa está rodeada de árboles. The house is surrounded with trees. $^▲$ to take the long way around. ○ rodearse to surround oneself Procuró rodearse de buenos amigos. He tried to surround himself with good friends.
* rodeo turn, winding Ese camino da un rodeo muy grande. The road makes a wide turn. $^▲$ roundup Hubo rodeo la semana pasada. There was a roundup last week. ○ dejarse de rodeos to stop beating around the bush Déjese de rodeos y conteste claramente. Stop beating around the bush and give me a straight answer.
* rodilla knee Póngase Ud. de rodillas. Get down on your knees. $^▲$ dusting cloth, rag Limpie Ud. con esa rodilla. Clean it with that rag.
* rogar [rad-ch I] to request, beg Me rogó que le esperara. He begged me to wait for him. $^▲$ to plead Le rogó y le rogó pero no consiguió convencerle. He pleaded and pleaded but couldn't convince him.
* rojo red. ○ al rojo red-hot, to red heat.
* rollo roll, anything rolled up.
* romance [m] ballad, poem.
* romántico romantic.
* romper [irr] to break Rompió el vaso. He broke the glass. $^▲$ to break, break off relations Han roto con esa familia. They've broken with that family. ○ al romper el día, al romper el alba at dawn, at daybreak. ○ romper a to start to Rompió a hablar cuando nadie lo esperaba. He started to talk when nobody expected it. ○ romper la marcha to lead the march Rompía la marcha un escuadrón de caballería. ​
A squadron of cavalry led the march. ○ romperse to break ¡Cuidado que puede romperse! Be careful, it may break! $^▲$ to fracture, break (bone) Se rompió una pierna. He broke his leg. $^▲$ to be torn Se le ha roto el traje. Your dress is torn.
* roncar to snore.
* ronco hoarse.
* ropa clothes Voy a planchar la ropa. I'm going to iron the clothes. ○ a quema ropa point-blank Le disparó a quema ropa. He fired at him point-blank. ○ ropa blanca linen. ○ ropa hecha ready-made clothes. ○ ropa limpia clean laundry. ○ ropa sucia soiled laundry.
* ropero closet, wardrobe.
* rosa rose. ○ color de rosa pink.
* rosario rosary.
* rosca thread (screw); spiral. $^▲$ ring (bread or cake). ○ hacer la rosca to flatter.
* rostro face.
* roto (See romper) broken La silla estaba rota. The chair was broken.—El compromiso quedó roto. The engagement was broken. $^▲$ tear Tiene Ud. un roto en el pantalón. You have a tear in your trousers.
* rótulo sign.
* rozadura chafed spot, sore spot.
* rozar to clear (ground) Empezó a rozar la tierra. He began to clear the ground. $^▲$ to graze, rub El avión rozó ligeramente el suelo. The airplane grazed the ground. || No le gustaba rozarse con nadie. He didn't like to have anything to do with anybody.
* rubia [f] blonde.
* rubio [adj] blond (e), fair.
* rúbrica flourish, mark, distinctive flourish after a signature.
* rudo rude, rough Aquel hombre era muy rudo. That man was very rude. $^▲$ hard La jornada fué muy ruda. The journey was very hard.
* rueda wheel.
* ruego plea, request.
* ruido noise ¿Qué ruido es ese? What's that noise? $^▲$ comment, discussion Aquel suceso dio mucho ruido. That event caused a lot of comment. || Mucho ruido y pocas nueces. Much ado about nothing.
* ruidoso noisy.
* ruina ruin, decline Aquel negocio fué su ruina. That business was his ruin. ○ en ruinas in ruins La ciudad quedó en ruinas. The city was left in ruins.
* ruinoso ruinous.
* rumba rumba (dance).
* rumbo direction Salió con rumbo a Europa. He left for Europe. ○ fiesta de rumbo lavish party.
* rumor [m] murmur Un rumor confuso salió del público. A confused murmur arose from the crowd. $^▲$ rumor Corre el rumor de que va a cambiar la política. Rumor has it that there'll be a change of policy.
* rústico rustic, rural.
* ruta route, way.