OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Congallus III

​CONGALLUS III, CONALL CRANDONNA, son of Eocha Buidhe, king of Scottish Dalriada (642–660), succeeded as king of Dalriada on the death of his brother, Donald Brec, who was killed in a battle on the Carron by Owen, a British king (d. 642?), and reigned till 660 (Tighernach), during part of the time in conjunction with another king, Donald, who is supposed to have belonged to another race and not to have been descended from Aidan. This is a period of great darkness in the annals of Dalriada, and Mr. Skene's explanation may be given as the best conjecture of the cause: 'During the remainder of this century we find no descendant of Aidan recorded bearing the title of king of Dalriada; and it is probable from Adamnan's remark, that "from that day, i.e. the death of Donald Brec, to this they have been trodden down by strangers," that the Britons now exercised a rule over them' (Celtic Scotland, i. 250).
[Robertson and Skene.]
Æ. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Condy, Nicholas

​CONDY or CUNDY, NICHOLAS (1793?–1857), painter, is supposed to have been born at Torpoint, in the parish of Antony East, Cornwall, in 1793, but no entry of his baptism is to be found in the register kept at Antony Church. He was gazetted to the 43rd regiment as an ensign on 9 May 1811, and served in the Peninsula; became lieutenant on 24 Feb. 1818, and was thenceforth on half-pay during the remainder of his life. From 1818 he devoted his attention to art, and became a professional painter at Plymouth. He chiefly produced small water-colours on tinted paper, about eight inches by five inches, which he sold at prices ranging from fifteen shillings to one guinea each. Between 1830 and 1845 he exhibited at the Royal Academy two landscapes, at the British Institution four, and at the Suffolk Street Gallery one. His best known painting is entitled ‘The Old Hall at Cotehele on a Rent-day,’ and is in the possession of the Earl of Mount-Edgcumbe at Mount-Edgcumbe. He brought out a work called ‘Cotehele, on the Banks of the Tamar, the ancient seat of the Right Hon. the Earl of Mount-Edgcumbe, by N. Condy, with a descriptive account written by the Rev. F. V. J. Arundell, 17 plates, London, published by the author, at 17 Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.’ He died at 10 Mount Pleasant Terrace, Plymouth, on 8 Jan. 1857, aged 64, and was buried in St. Andrew's churchyard. By his wife Ann Trevanion Pyle (1792–1860), daughter of Capt. Mark Oates of the marines, he was father of Nicholas Matthews Condy, who has often been confused with him. He was born at Union Street, Plymouth, in 1818, and having been educated at Exeter was intended for the army or navy, but preferred becoming a professor of painting in his native town. He exhibited three sea-pieces at the Royal Academy from 1842 to 1845, which gave hopes of his becoming a distinguished artist; but he died suddenly and prematurely at the Grove, Plymouth, on 20 May 1851, when aged only thirty-three. He married Flora Ross, third daughter of Major John Lockhart Gallie, of the 28th regiment.
[Notes and Queries, 3 Jan. 1885, p. 17; Smith's Plymouth Almanac (1885); Redgrave's Dict. of Artists.]
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Coney, John

​CONEY, JOHN (1786–1833), draughtsman and engraver, was born in Ratcliff Highway, London, in 1786. He was apprenticed to an architect, but never followed the profession. Among his early studies were pencil drawings of the interior of Westminster Abbey; these he sold principally to dealers. In 1806 he exhibited at the Royal Academy a 'Perspective View of Lambeth Palace,' and resided at 39 Craven Street, Strand. Coney's first publication was a work entitled 'A Series of Views representing the Exterior and Interior of Warwick Castle . . . with an accurate plan and brief account of that . . . example of British Architecture,' Lon-don, fol., 1815. The plates were drawn and etched by himself. He was next employed for fourteen years by Harding to draw and engrave a series of exterior and interior views of the cathedrals and abbey churches of England, intended to illustrate the new edition of Sir William Dugdale's 'Monasticon,' edited by Sir Henry Ellis, &c., 8 vols., London, fol., 1846. In 1829 he commenced the engravings of the cathedrals, hotels de ville, town halts, &c., in France, Holland, Germany, and Italy, with descriptions in four languages. These were published in an imperial folio, 32 plates, London, 1832. The next important work, also engraved and designed by himself, was 'The Beauties of Continental Architecture,' 28 plates and 50 vignettes, fol., London, 1843. Cockerell, the eminent architect [q. v.], employed Coney to engrave a large view of Rome, and he also engraved some drawings of the Law Courts, Westminster, for Sir John Soane. Coney died of an enlargement of the heart in Leicester Place, Camberwell, on 15 Aug. 1833.
In addition to the above-mentioned works he was the author of 'English Ecclesiastical ​Edifices of the Olden Time,' 2 vols, largo fol., London, 1842 (the plates in this book previously used in Dugdale's 'Monasticon'), and 'Original Drawings of London Churches,' London, 8vo, 1820. There is in the department of prints and drawings in the British Museum a fine set of Coney's etched and engraved works, besides several original drawings. He exhibited at the Royal Academy ten works between 1805 and 1821.
[Redgrave's Dictionary of Artists of the English School, 1878; manuscript notes in the British Museum.]
L. F.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Condé, John

​CONDÉ, JOHN (fl.1785–1800), engraver, is sometimes called an Englishman, but on an engraving published in 1791, representing the Chevalier d'Éon de Beaumont [q. v.] as 'Minerva,' he styles himself a French artist, 'who designed it for a monument of English generosity and French gratitude.' Condé is well known from the number of engravings he executed from the elegant portraits drawn by Richard Cosway [q. v.] These he engraved in pale delicate tints, using stipple, sanguine, or aquatint, and sometimes enhanced their elegance by enclosing them in framelike borders, called 'glomisages,' from the French engraver Glomy, who first designed them. Among the portraits thus engraved were Mrs. Fitzherbert, Mrs. Tickell, Mrs. Bouverie, Madame du Barry, Mr. Horace Beckford, and others. He engraved portraits of celebrities for the 'European' and other magazines, and also portraits of actors after De Wilde, or from the life, for the 'Thespian Magazine.' Among other works of his may be noticed a portrait of Lord-Chancellor Thurlow, after S. Collings, and a print called 'The Hobby Horse,' from his own design. He was doubtless father of Peter Condé, who engraved portraits of J. L. Dussek and Caleb Whitefoord, after Cosway, and also painted portraits, exhibiting at the Royal Academy from 1806 to 1824.
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Congallus II

​CONGALLUS II, CONALL, son of Congallus I, king of the Scots of Dalriada (557–574), according to the chronology of Innes and Skene, is redeemed from the obscurity of the early kings and brought within the pale of history by the brief notice of Tighernach, the Irish annalist, who states the year of his death, and adds that he gave the island of Iona to Columkille (St. Columba). Bede attributes the grant to Brude, the Pictish king, whom Columba visited and converted at his fort on Loch Ness, but the discrepancy is ingeniously, if not certainly, reconciled by the hypothesis of Dr. Reeves, that Conall gave and Brude confirmed the grant as a superior king, or perhaps because Iona lay on the confines of the Pictish territory. On the death of Conall, Columba ordained Aidan, the son of Gabran (the king who preceded Conall), as his successor, apparently in conformity with the law of tanistry. In the year of Conall's death a battle, recorded by Tighemach, had been fought at Delgin in Kintyre, in which Duncan, son of Conall, and many of the kin of Gabran were killed, probably by the Picts, who were endeavouring to crush the rise of the Dalriad kingdom.
[Reeves; Adamnan's Life of Columba; Robertson and Skene.]
Æ. M.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Sunderland, September 16

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND.
September 16-26.
My Lord,
It is very unlucky that you have lost your cipher, for our friend here deferred taking any resolution till I had an answer of what I writ to you of the 8th, which I am afraid will now come too late, but yet I have sent you a copy of mine. In my last I writ you word that Monsieur Van Beuninghen was of opinion that the Treaty of Guarantee had best be treated of here; since I spoke to the Prince ​of it, and he saith he was once of that mind, but now he hath considered of it, he thinks it will be as well if it be done in England; he shall send Monsieur Van Beuninghen again to Amsterdam about it, and to-morrow we shall know what he saith: I believe you will have a good account of it, if the surprising news we hear every day out of England does not make them change their minds. They do begin to suspect most extremely that the next Parliament will not answer our expectations, which makes them something backward in desiring so much with us.
The Prince and Princess are at Hounslerdyke; on Saturday he did me the honour to come and dine with me, where he had but an indifferent entertainment as you may imagine, for he let me know of his coming but an hour before; by good luck I had invited the Secretary of the Admiralty at Amsterdam, and two or three more, so that we had something to eat; all yesterday he was a-hunting, and to-day he hath sent me a buck and some gibier, which he intends to eat at my house to-morrow. The States will break up some time next week, and then he goes to Soesdyke, a house of his beyond Utrecht, where he will stay till towards winter. I desire you will speak to the ​King for leave for me to come over for a month, and pray let me have it as soon as I can; he said before I left England that he would not refuse it me, and I hope he hath not changed his mind; it may be between this and the seventeenth of October I may have a good opportunity; if not, I will desire a yacht, if you will have the kindness to send me one.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Essex, August 6-15

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF ESSEX.
The Hague, August 5/15.
My Lord,
Your Lordship made me so melancholy at my coming away, that I could not recover till I came hither; but, finding the Prince in so good humour, and that he hath reason to be so, hath cheered up my spirits extremely. He saith his affairs here go well enough, and if ours did so in England he should be perfectly satisfied. He had little hopes of this when I came to him, but I have now given him a good deal; I never saw a man more pleased than he was when I told him of the kindness of some of his friends in England; and I believe, ​when he hath a good opportunity, he will let them know how sensible he is of it. He is in a maze, how your Lordship hath done to pay off the fleet; and, till I assured him to the contrary, he imagined that some great sum was paid to you from abroad. In that and the dissolution of parliament, which were the two things which troubled him most, I think I gave him pretty good satisfaction. I have writ some other particulars, which, I am sure, will be communicated to you; and, therefore, I will now only say that there is no man in the world hath more esteem and value for you than I have, and will take all occasions of letting you see how much I am
Your humble and obedient servant,
H. Sidney.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Sunderland(A)

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND.
The Hague.
Yesterday being the day appointed for my audience, two of the States' deputies came in one of their coaches, and carried me to the assembly, where a great chair was set for me just over against the President. After I had spoke to them, the President answered me in Dutch, which was afterwards interpreted to me by one of the ​ties; and they, knowing I could not understand what was said to me, sent me the resolution this afternoon : when they brought me back, I invited them to dinner, and three or four more; and I drank so many beer glasses, that my head aches this morning.
COPY OF THE ADDRESS.
High and mighty Lords,
His Majesty of Great Britain, the King, my master, desiring nothing more than to preserve the friendship and close alliance already established between his Majesty and this State, could not think fit to be long without a minister in this place, who shall make it his constant care and business to preserve and increase it upon all occasions: and therefore, having recalled his late ambassador to employ him in his affairs at home, hath commanded me to reside here, and attend the offices necessary to so great an end. His Majesty hath commanded me to assure your Lordships of his firm resolutions, not only to observe inviolably those alliances already established between him ​and further measures to strengthen and confirm them, knowing very well how much the safety of both nations must depend (especially in the present conjuncture) upon a perfect friendship and entire confidence between his Majesty and your Lordships.
For my own part, I am very glad to be employed in a service of so great importance to both nations, and I shall not fail to contribute all my endeavours towards it; and your Lordships having had so many of my family engaged formerly in employments here, will, I hope, take it as an earnest of my own good affection to the service of the State.
* ↑ Lawrence Hyde, afterwards created Earl of Rochester, at this time one of the commissioners of the treasury.
* ↑ In allusion to the Earl of Leicester in Queen Elizabeth's reign, who was Governor of Holland, and General of the forces there, and to his nephew, the celebrated Sir Philip Sidney, who lost his life before Zutphen.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Sunderland, August 19

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND.
The Hague, August 19.
My Lord,
I came yesterday from Amsterdam, where I saw a great many fine things, and little worth giving you an account of. I made Monsieur Valconier a visit more out of curiosity than kindness, though he is now pretty well inclined to us. I had a mind to see what kind of a man it was that could make himself so absolute as he hath done in that town: for I assure you the great Turk hath not more absolute dominion and power over any of his countrymen than he hath at Amsterdam; what he saith is ever done without any contradiction; he turns out and puts in who he likes, raises what money he pleases, does whatever he has a mind to, and yet he walks about the streets just like an ordinary shopkeeper. He complains mightily of their poverty, and saith this war hath almost quite ruined them; but he hopes, if it please God, to let them have peace with the King of England and the King of France, that they may recover.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Sunderland

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF SUNDERLAND.
The Prince was not easily to be persuaded that his coming would be of any advantage, but he is at last, and bids me write to you to know what is the best time, either before the first of November this stile, or after the last, for he must be here the whole month of November. The design of bringing him into the Council and House of Lords he likes well; but he doubts it will not be, because he cannot take ​the oath of allegiance. If you can find an expedient for it, he desires you would send it to him. I think it would do as well to have him created Duke, though he left England the next day.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Duke of York

MR. SIDNEY TO THE DUKE OF YORK.
I was not less desirous when I was in England of doing your highness all the service that lay in my power in England, than I am here, but I knew ​that your highness had many there, so much more capable though none more willing, that I durst never offer your royal highness mine. It may be too great a presumption in me to do it now, but however, I will venture to tell your highness that there is no man in the world upon whom your highness may more freely lay your commands, nor that will endeavour more to have them punctually obeyed than myself.
I came into this country this day se'nnight, and I went immediately to wait upon the Prince and Princess, who I found so well that I cannot believe she wants any remedies, but yet she tells me she intends to go to the baths of Aix-la-Chapelle, from which I hope she will receive all the ​advantage that can be expected. I beg of your highness to pardon this trouble, and that yon will have the goodness to be persuaded of my being sincerely devoted to your service, and that in what part of the world I am in, you may be sure of one that will take all occasions to show how faithfully and perfectly he is your highness's most dutiful, humble, and obedient servant.
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to the Earl of Halifax, August 5-15

MR. SIDNEY TO THE EARL OF HALIFAX.
The Hague, August 5/15.
If I could tell you all the particulars of my negotiation, I am sure you would be very well satisfied; for you could not expect any thing better, (I do not mean on my part,) and that you win know with the first good opportunity. I made some proposals by the last post to my Lord Sunderland, from the Prince and Monsieur Van
H. Sidney
# Diary of the times of Charles II/Volume 1/Mr. Sidney to Mr. Hide, August 5-15

MR. SIDNEY TO MR. HIDE.
The Hague, August 5/15.
Sir,
By this time I believe you know that I was punctual in obeying your commands, and that you have received the boxes of pills that were delivered for you to. Mrs. Frazer, but I was in so much haste I could not write at that time, which I suppose you will pardon. I can tell you nothing from hence, but that the Prince continues still at Dieren. The Princess begins her journey to-morrow towards the baths, and dines with my Lord Ambassador Jenkins, for which honour he has staid at Nimeguen this week. I had the satisfaction to see an acquaintance of yours yesterday, and I am afraid 'tis the only thing worth seeing of that kind in the country. They tell me, that in the winter there will be a great deal of good company, but for the present it is something dismal. The Princess's maids are a great comfort to me, and on Sunday invited me to dinner. Pray do so much as to let Mrs. Frazer know that the maids of this court entertain foreign ministers, which is more I think than any of the Queens have done yet; I wish I could entertain you better, but ​for the present I can only tell yon this truth, that I am and ever will be
Faithfully yours,
H. Sidney.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/King, John (1788-1847)

​KING, JOHN (1788–1847), painter, was born at Dartmouth in 1788, and at the age of twenty entered the schools of the Royal Academy. He first exhibited at the British Institution in 1814 and at the Academy in 1817, and throughout his life was a frequent contributor to both of biblical, Shakespearean, and historical subjects, as well as of portraits. Meeting with little success in London he paid frequent and extended visits to Bristol, where his art was better appreciated; for St. Thomas's Church in that city he painted in 1828 the ‘Incredulity of St. Thomas,’ and for St. Mark's Chapel the ‘Dead Christ surrounded by His Disciples.’ For the former, a very large but poor work, he received 200l.; the latter is smaller and of better quality. King also painted the portraits of many of the leading citizens of Bristol, and he is referred to in ‘Felix Farley's Rhymes’ as a member of the ‘Bristol School.’ His portrait of the Rev. Henry Francis Lyte [q. v.] the hymn-writer has been engraved by G. H. Phillips. King died of apoplexy at Dartmouth 12 July 1847.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880; Felix Farley's Bristol Journal, 17 July 1847; British Institution and Royal Academy Catalogues; George's Lyte's Cary Manor House, 1879, p. 11; information from the Rev. C. Taylor, vicar of St. Thomas's, Bristol.]
F. M. O'D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/King, John (d.1679)

​KING, JOHN (d. 1679), covenanting preacher, was for some time domestic chaplain to Henry Erskine, third lord Cardross, ​and in 1674 was apprehended and tried before the privy council of Scotland for holding conventicles. Lord Cardross was heavily fined at the same time for permitting King to conduct worship in his family. King was admitted to bail in five thousand merks to appear when called upon. In the following year he was again seized at Cardross House during the night; but in the morning the country people assembled and took him out of the hands of the soldiers. This incident was made the occasion of a letter from King Charles II to the Scottish council, dated 12 June 1675, complaining of their supineness (Hist. MSS. Comm. 11th Rep. App. pt. vi. p. 159). King was now by letters of intercommuning, 6 Aug. 1675, declared an outlaw. On 2 June 1679 he was apprehended in the town of Hamilton by Graham of Claverhouse. The battle of Drumclog took place next day, and Claverhouse's prisoners were rescued. King, however, was recaptured by stratagem on the estate of Blair, in the parish of Dalry, Ayrshire, shortly after the defeat of the covenanters at Bothwell, and was conveyed to Edinburgh. One of his escort of dragoons, being asked whither they were bound, is said to have answered, ‘To carry King to hell.’ The same day the dragoon was killed by the accidental discharge of his carbine. King was brought before the council on 9 July 1679, along with a fellow-minister, John Kid. After several appearances and a futile petition by counsel on their behalf, they were condemned and executed at the cross of Edinburgh on 14 Aug. following, their heads and limbs being severed from their bodies and placed on the Nether Bow port. Proclamation was made immediately before the execution of an indulgence to the ‘outed’ ministers, and King and Kid were pressed by Robert Fleming the elder [q. v.], then a fellow-prisoner, to signify their approval of it, which they resolutely declined to do. King's last speech on the scaffold was printed. In it he makes mention of his wife and one child. The only sermon by him which is known to exist is included in the collection made by John Howie [q. v.] (Glasgow, 1779).
[Wodrow's History of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland, Burn's ed. 1831, ii. 270–286, iii. 69–136; Crookshank's History of the Church of Scotland, ii. 32–65; Patrick Walker's Biographia Presbyteriana, i. 247–94.]
H. P.