OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ven. Thomas Welbourne

From volume 15 of the work.
Martyred at York, 1 August, 1605. Nothing is known about about this martyr except the scanty details collected by Bishop Challoner from the early catalogues of the sufferers for the Faith: "Thomas Welbourne was a school-master, a native of Kitenbushel in Yorkshire; and John Fulthering was a layman of the same county, who being zealous Catholics, and industrious in exhorting some of their neighbours to embrace the Catholic faith, were upon that account arraigned and condemned to suffer as in cases of high treason" (II, 12). Neither of their names occur in Peacock's "Yorkshire Catholics in 1604".
CHALLONER, Memoirs of Missionary Priests (London, 1741-42); WILSON, Martyrologe (s.l., 1608); WORTHINGTON, Catalogues (1608 and 1614).
EDWIN BURTON
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ven. Thomas Whitaker

From volume 15 of the work.
Born at Burnley, Lancashire, 1614; martyred at Lancaster, 7 August, 1646. Son of Thomas Whitaker, schoolmaster, and Helen, his wife, he was educated first at his father's school. By the influence of the Towneley family he was then sent to Valladolid, where he studied for the priesthood. After ordination (1638) he returned to England, and for five years laboured in Lancashire. On one occasion he was arrested, but escaped while being conducted to Lancaster Castle. He was again seized at Place Hall in Goosenargh, and committed to Lancaster Castle, 7 August, 1643, being treated with unusual severity and undergoing solitary confinement for six weeks. For three years he remained in prison, remarkable for his spirit of continual prayer and charity to his fellow-captives. Before his trial he made a month's retreat in preparation for death. Though naturally timorous, and suffering much from the anticipation of his execution, he steadfastly declined all attempts made to induce him to conform to Anglicanism by the offer of his life. He suffered with Ven. Edward Bamber and Ven. John Woodcock, O.S.F., saying to the sheriff: "Use your pleasure with me, a reprieve or even a pardon upon your conditions I utterly refuse".
CHALLONER, Memoirs of Missionary Priests (London, 741-2), following KNARESBOROUGH who had before him a contemporary account of the three martyrs.
Edwin Burton.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ven. Thomas Whitbread

From volume 15 of the work.
(Alias HARCOURT).
Born in Essex, 1618; martyred at Tyburn, 30 June, 1679. He was educated at St. Omer's, and entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus on 7 September, 1635. Coming upon the English mission in 1647, he laboured for more than thirty years, mostly in the eastern counties. On 8 December, 1652, he was professed of the four vows. Twice he was superior of the Suffolk District, once of the Lincolnshire District, and finally in 1678 he was declared provincial. In this capacity he refused to admit Titus Oates as member of the Society, and shortly afterwards the celebrated plot was fabricated. Father Whitbread was arrested in London on Michaelmas Day, 1678, but was so ill that he could not be moved to Newgate till three months later. He was first indicted at the Old Bailey, 17 December, 1678, but, the evidence against him and his companions breaking down, he was remanded and kept in prison till 13 June, 1679; later, he was again indicted, and with four other fathers was found guilty on the perjured evidence of Oates, Bedloe, and Dugdale (see BARROW, WILLIAM, VENERABLE; the others were Fathers Fenwick, Gavin, and Turner). After the execution the remains of the martyrs were buried in St. Giles's in the Fields. Father Whitbread wrote "Devout Elevation of the Soul to God" and two short poems, "To Death" and "To his Soul", which are printed in "The Remonstrance of Piety and Innocence".
The Remonstrance of Piety and Innocence (London, 1683); TANNER, Brevis relatio felicis agonis (Prague, 1683); Florus Anglo-Bavaricus (Liege, 1685); Tryals and condemnation of Thomas White alias Whitbread (London, 1879); SMITH in CORBETT, State Trials, VII; FOLEY, Coll. Eng. Prov. S. J. V, VII (London, 1879- 1883), ii, and all works dealing with the Oates Plot; COOPER in Nat. Biog., s. v. Harcourt, Thomas.
Edwin Burton.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ven. William Barrow

From volume 2 of the work.
(Alias Waring, alias Harcourt).
An English Jesuit martyr, born in Lancashire, in 1609, died 30 June, 1679. He made his studies at the Jesuit College, St. Omers, and entered the Society at Watten in 1632. He was sent to the English mission in 1644 and worked on the London district for thirty-five years, becoming, in the beginning of 1678, its superior. In May of that year he was arrested and committed to Newgate on the charge of complicity in the Oates Plot. The trial, in which he had as fellow-prisons his colleagues, Father Thomas Whitebread, John Fenwick, John Gavan, and Anthony Turner, commenced 13 June 1670, and is famous, or rather infamous, in history. Lord Chief Justice Scroggs presided, and Oates, Bedloe, and Dugdale were the principal witnesses for the Crown. The prisoners were charged with having conspired to kill the king and subvert the Protestant religion. They made a brave defense, and by the testimony of their own witnesses and their cross-examinations of their accusers proved clearly that the latter were guilty of wholesale perjury. But Scroggs laid down the two monstrous principals that
Moreover, he obstructed the defense in every way by his brutal and constant interruptions. Accordingly, Father Barrow and the others, though manifestly innocent, were found guilty, and condemned to undergo the punishment of high treason. They suffered together at Tyburn, 20 June, 1679. By the papal decree of 4 December, 1886, this martyr's cause was introduced under the name of "William Harcourt". Corbett, State Trials, VII; Tanner, Brevis Relatio (Prague, 1883); Florus Anglo-Bavaricus (Liege, 1685); Foley, records of the English Province S.J., V; Gillow, Bibl. Dict. Eng. Cath., s.v. Barrow; Idem, Lancashire Recusants.
SYDNEY F. SMITH
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ven. William Carter

From volume 15 of the work.
English martyr, born in London, 1548; suffered for treason at Tyburn, 11 January, 1584. Son of John Carter, a draper, and Agnes, his wife, he was apprenticed to John Cawood, queen's printer, on Candlemas Day, 1563, for ten years, and afterwards acted as secretary to Nicholas Harpsfield, last Catholic archdeacon of Canterbury, then a prisoner. On the latter's death he married and set up a press on Tower Hill. Among other Catholic books he printed a new edition (1000 copies) of Dr. Gregory Martin's "A Treatise of Schism", in 1580, for which he was at once arrested and imprisoned in the Gatehouse. Before this he had been in the Poultry Counter from 23 September to 28 October, 1578. He was transferred to the Tower, 1582, and paid for his own diet there down to midsummer, 1583. Having been tortured on the rack, he was indicted at the Old Bailey, 10 Jan., 1584, for having printed Dr. Martin's book, in which was a paragraph where confidence was expressed that the Catholic Faith would triumph, and pious Judith would slay Holofernes. This was interpreted as an incitement to slay the queen, though it obviously had no such meaning.
GILLOW, Bibl. Dict. Eng. Cath., s.v. Carter, Williams; Cath. Rec. Soc. Publ. (London, 1905-), I, 60, 65; II, 228, 229; III, 4,15; IV, 129, 138; V, 8, 30, 39.
John B. Wainewright.
# Chapman v. Hoage

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
296 U.S. 526
Chapman v. Hoage
Argued: Dec. 13, 16, 1935. --- Decided: Jan 6, 1936
Mr. Harlan Wood, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. G. Bowdoin Craighill, of Washington, D.C., for respondents.
Mr. Justice STONE delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chapman v. Sheridan-Wyoming Coal Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
338 U.S. 621
Chapman v. Sheridan-Wyoming Coal Company
Argued: Jan. 9, 1950. --- Decided: Feb 6, 1950
Mr. Roger P. Marquis, Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. T. Peter Ansberry, Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice JACKSON delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chapman v. Crane

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
123 U.S. 540
Chapman v. Crane
C. H. Gatch and Wm. Connor, for plaintiffs in error.
George Crane, for defendant in error.
WAITE, C. J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Chapman v. Handley

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
151 U.S. 443
Chapman v. Handley
J. G. Sutherland, for appellants.
E. D. Hoge and Arthur Brown, for appellees.
Mr. Chief Justice FULLER delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1994-11-25/Schedule 5

Schedule 5
Procedure for Election of President
1. Nominations of candidates for election as President shall be called for by the Chief Justice or the other judge presiding at the meeting at which the President is to be elected.
2. Every nomination shall be submitted on the form prescribed by the Chief Justice and shall be signed by two members of Parliament and also by the person nominated, unless the person nominated has in writing signified his or her willingness to accept the nomination.
3. The names of the persons duly nominated as provided for in item 2 shall be announced at the meeting at which the election is to take place by the person presiding thereat, and no debate shall be allowed at the election.
4. If in respect of any election only one nomination has been received, the person presiding at the meeting shall declare the candidate in question to be duly elected.
5. Where more than one candidate is nominated, a vote shall be taken by secret ballot, each person present and entitled to vote having one vote, and any candidate in whose favour the majority of all the votes cast is recorded, shall be declared duly elected by the person presiding at the meeting.
6. (a) If no candidate obtains a majority of all the votes so cast, the candidate who has received the smallest number of votes shall be eliminated and a further ballot shall be taken in respect of the remaining candidates, this procedure being repeated as often as may be necessary until a candidate receives a majority of all the votes cast and is declared duly elected.
(b) Whenever two or more candidates being the lowest on the poll have received the same number of votes, the meeting shall by separate vote, to be repeated as often as may be necessary, determine which of those candidates shall for the purpose of paragraph (a) be eliminated.
7. Whenever—
(a)
(b)
and there is an equality of votes between those two candidates, the person presiding at the meeting shall at the time the result of the election is announced, fix the time at and date on which a further meeting will be held, being a date not more than seven days thereafter.
8. At the further meeting referred to in item 7, the provisions of this Schedule shall apply as if such further meeting were the first meeting called for the purpose of the election in question.
9. (1) The Chief Justice shall make rules in regard to the procedure to be observed at a meeting at which the President is to be elected, and rules defining the duties of the presiding officer and of any person appointed to assist him and prescribing the manner in which the ballot at any such meeting shall be conducted.
(2) Any such rules shall be made known in such manner as the Chief Justice may consider necessary.
# Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1994-11-25/Schedule 6

Schedule 6
Legislative Competences of Provinces
Agriculture
Abbatoirs
Airports, other than international and national airports
Animal control and diseases
Casinos, racing, gambling and wagering
Consumer protection
Cultural affairs
Education at all levels, excluding university and technikon education
Environment
Health services
Housing
Indigenous law and customary law
Language policy and the regulation of the use of official languages within a province, subject to section 3
Local government, subject to the provisions of Chapter 10
Markets and pounds
Nature conservation, excluding national parks, national botanical gardens and marine resources
Police, subject to the provisions of Chapter 14
Provincial public media
Provincial sport and recreation
Public transport
Regional planning and development
Road traffic regulation
Roads
Soil conservation
Tourism
Trade and industrial promotion
Traditional authorities
Urban and rural development
Welfare services
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997

* related portals: Constitutional documents of South Africa.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
The Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997 is the constitution of the Western Cape province in South Africa. It was initially adopted by the provincial legislature on 21 February 1997, refused certification by the Constitutional Court on 2 September 1997, amended by the provincial legislature on 11 September 1997, certified by the Constitutional Court on 18 November 1997, and brought into force on 16 January 1998. The Western Cape is the only South African province to have adopted a constitution.
Province of Western Cape
Constitution of the Western Cape
Contents
| Preamble |
| Chapter 1 | Founding Provisions |
| Chapter 2 | Intergovernmental Relations |
| Chapter 3 | Provincial Parliament |
| Chapter 4 | Executive |
| Chapter 5 | Local Government |
| Chapter 6 | Provincial Administration |
| Chapter 7 | Finance |
| Chapter 8 | Police |
| Chapter 9 | Other Constitutional Institutions |
| Chapter 10 | Directive Principles of Provincial Policy |
| Chapter 11 | General Provisions |
| Schedule 1 | Oaths and Solemn Affirmations |
| Schedule 2 | Elections |
| Schedule 3 | Transitional Arrangements |
(Afrikaans text signed by the Premier) (Assented to 15 January 1998)
Constitution of the Western Cape
Preamble
In humble submission to Almighty God,
We, the people of the Western Cape, through our elected representatives—
Recognising and striving to heal the injustices of the past,
Recognising the need for peace, reconciliation and justice,
Endeavouring to promote the development of the Western Cape and a better quality of life for all its people through just and effective government;
​Affirming that the Western Cape, a province of the Republic of South Africa, is founded on—
democratic values, the recognition of human rights, the recognition of the family, responsible and accountable government, the rule of law, the principles of mutual trust and co-operation, and loyalty to the national Constitution;
Do now adopt this Constitution for the Western Cape.
May God protect our people.
God seën Suid-Afrika, Nkosi Sikelel’iAfrika, God bless South Africa.
This work is in the public domain because it was created and first published in South Africa and it is an official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation of such a text.
According to the Copyright Act, 1978, § 12 (8) (a), "No copyright shall subsist in official texts of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or in official translations of such texts."
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 1

Chapter 1 Founding Provisions
Province of the Western Cape
1.
Boundaries of Province
2.
Adoption, status and interpretation of this Constitution
3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Application of this Constitution
4.
Languages
5.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(3)
Provincial symbols and honours
6.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 2

Chapter 2 Intergovernmental Relations
Co-operative government
7.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Participation in National Council of Provinces
8.
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 6

Chapter 6 Provincial Administration
Provincial public servants
55.
Basic values and principles governing public administration in the Western Cape
56.
# Constitution of the United States of Brazil (1946)/Title 3
## Article 125

The law shall organize the Public Ministry of the Union in conjunction with the ordinary, military, electoral and labor courts.

## Article 126

The Federal Public Ministry has as its head the Attorney General of the Republic. The Attorney General appointed by the President of the Republic, after approval of the selection by the Federal Senate from among citizens with the requisites indicated in Article 99, is dismissible at will. Sole Paragraph ― The Union shall be represented in court by the attorneys of the Republic, but the law may entrust this representation, in the districts of the interior, to the local public ministry.

## Article 127

The members of the Public Ministry of the Union, of the Federal District and of the Territories, shall enter into the initial positions of the career by competition. After two years of service, they may not be dismissed except by judicial sentence or administrative process allowing them the most ample defense; nor shall they be rewarded, except upon representation put forward by the head of the Public Ministry, based upon the convenience of the service

## Article 128

In the States, the Public Ministry shall also be established on a career basis, with observance of the precepts of the preceding article, as well as that of promotion from one classification to another.
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 11

Chapter 11 General Provisions
Transitional arrangements
83.
established by this Constitution, and to matters incidental to that transition.
Short title and commencement
84.
(1)
(2)
(3)
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 10

Chapter 10 Directive Principles of Provincial Policy
81.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(j)
(k)
(l)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(m)
(n)
(o)
Status of directive principles of provincial policy
82.
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 3

Chapter 3 Provincial Parliament
Legislative authority
9.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(4)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Bills to replace, amend or repeal this Constitution
10.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(3)
Certification
11.
Signing, safekeeping, publication and commencement of provincial constitution
12.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Composition
13.
Election of Provincial Parliament
14.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Membership
15.
(1)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(4)
Oath or affirmation
16.
Duration
17.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Dissolution of Provincial Parliament before its term expires
18.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
Seat of Provincial Parliament, sittings and recess periods
19.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Speaker
20.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(4)
Quorum and decisions
21.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2)
(a)
(b)
Permanent delegates' rights in Provincial Parliament
22.
Powers of Provincial Parliament
23.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(4)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
Leader of the Opposition
24.
​Evidence or information before Provincial Parliament
25.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Privilege
26.
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
Code of Conduct
27.
Public access
28.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(3)
Introduction of Bills
29.
​Money Bills
30.
(1)
(2)
Assent to Bills
31.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(3)
Application by members to Constitutional Court
32.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
Publication and commencement of provincial Acts
33.
(1)
(2)
Safekeeping of provincial Acts
34.
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 4

Chapter 4 Executive
Executive authority
35.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(3)
Assignment of functions
36.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Powers and functions of Premier
37.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Election of Premier
38.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Assumption of office by Premier
39.
Term of office and removal of Premier
40.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(4)
Acting Premier
41.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2)
(3)
Provincial Cabinet
42.
(1)
(2)
Accountability and responsibilities
43.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
Continuation of Provincial Cabinet after elections
44.
Oath or affirmation
45.
Conduct of members of the Provincial Cabinet
46.
(1)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
​Transfer of functions
47.
(a)
(b)
Temporary assignment of functions
48.
Supervision of local government
49.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(2)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Executive decisions
50.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Motions of no confidence
51.
(1)
(2)
# Constitution of the Western Cape, 1997/Chapter 5

Chapter 5 Local Government
Local Government in Western Cape
52.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(a)
(b)
(4)
(5)
Establishment of municipalities
53.
(1)
(2)
​Monitoring of local government
54.
(1)
(a)
(b)
(2)
# Clark v. Weeks/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
106 U.S. 13
Clark v. Weeks
The findings of the circuit court, which are conclusive here, show that the steamer was wholly in fault for its collision with the schooner, and she was, therefore, justly condemned to pay all the damages inflicted.
The only question open for our consideration arises from the exception to the conclusion by the commissioner of the testimony given in another suit by one of the part owners of the schooner as to the extent and value of its repairs. The exclusion, we think, was correct. The statements of the part owner, expressing his judgment as to the matters upon which he was examined, could, at most, bind only himself. They were not evidence against his co-owners, who were merely tenants in common with him, not partners. Story, Part. § 453.
Decree affirmed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Clark v. Williard (292 U.S. 112)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
292 U.S. 112
Clark v. Williard
Argued: Feb. 15, 1934. --- Decided: April 2, 1934
Messrs. Reull B. Cook and Edmond M. Cook, both of Davenport, Iowa, and M. S. Gunn, of Helena, Mont., for petitioner.
Mr. H. Leonard De Kalb, of Lewistown, Mont., for respondents.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Clark v. Williard

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Clark v. Williard."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Clark v. Williard (292 U.S. 112)
* Clark v. Williard (294 U.S. 211)
# Clark v. United States (99 U.S. 493)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
99 U.S. 493
Clark v. United States
APPEAL from the Court of Claims.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Matt. H. Carpenter and Mr. John J. Weed for the appellant.
Mr. Assistant Attorney-General Smith, contra.
MR. JUSTICE SWAYNE delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse