OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Udall, Ephraim

​UDALL, EPHRAIM (d. 1647), royalist divine, was son of John Udall [q. v.] (Strype, Life of Whitgift, p. 345, folio). He was admitted a pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in July 1606, proceeded B.A. in 1609, and commenced M.A. in 1614. On 20 Sept. 1615 he was appointed perpetual curate of Teddington (Hennessy, p. 426). On 27 Nov. 1634 he was presented to the rectory of St. Augustine's, Watling Street, London. For a long time he was regarded as one of the shining lights of the puritan party, but after the breaking out of the great rebellion in 1641 he declared himself to be in favour of episcopacy and the established liturgy. He was, in consequence of this, charged with being popishly affected, and the Long parliament, on 29 June 1643, made an order that he should be ejected from his rectory, and that the rents and profits should be sequestered for Francis Roberts [q. v.], a ‘godly, learned, and orthodox divine’ (Commons' Journals, iii. 148). His house was plundered and his books and furniture were taken away. Afterwards his enemies sought to commit him to prison, and they carried his aged and decrepit wife out of doors by force and left her in the open street (Ryves, Mercurius Rusticus, 1646, pp. 131–133). Udall, who is described by Wood as ‘a man of eminent piety, exemplary conversation, profound learning, and indefatigable industry,’ died in London on 24 May 1647 (Smith, Obituary, ed. Ellis, p. 24). Thomas Reeve (1594–1672) [q. v.] preached his funeral sermon, which was published under the title of ‘Lazarus his Rest’ (London, 1647, 4to).
Udall was the author of:
* ‘Τὸ πρέπον εὐχαριστικόν, i.e. Communion Comlinesse. Wherein is discovered the conveniency of ​the peoples drawing neere to the Table in the sight thereof when they receive the Lords Supper. With the great unfitnesse of receiving it in Pewes in London for the Novelty of high and close Pewes,’ London, 1641, 4to.
* ‘Good Workes, if they be well handled, or Certaine Projects about Maintenance for Parochiall Ministers’ (anon.), London, 1641, 4to.
* ‘Noli me Tangere is a thinge to be thovght on, or Vox carnis sacræ clamantis ab Altari ad Aquilam sacrilegam, Noli me tangere ne te perdam’ (anon.), London, 1642, 4to.
* ‘The Good of Peace and Ill of Warre,’ London, 1642, 4to.
* ‘Directions Propovnded, and humbly presented to … Parliament, concerning the Booke of Common Prayer, and Episcopall Government’ (anon.), Oxford, 1642, 4to. This was also published under the title of ‘The Bishop of Armaghes Direction, concerning the Lyturgy, and Episcopall Government,’ London, 1642, 4to. The treatise was disavowed by Ussher, and the authorship is correctly attributed to Udall.
[Addit. MSS. 5851 p. 40, 5884 f. 15; Fuller's Church Hist. (Brewer), v. 198; Heylyn's Hist. of the Presbyterians, 1670, p. 311; Newcourt's Repertorium, i. 288; Peck's Desiderata Curiosa, vol. ii. lib. xiv. p. 21; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 179; White's First Century of Scandalous Malignant Priests, 1643, p. 9; Wood's Fasti Oxon. (Bliss), i. 458; Hennessy's Nov. Rep. 1898, pp. lxv, 98, 426.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Uchtryd

​UCHTRYD (the Welsh form of Uhtred) (d. 1148), bishop of Llandaff, was archdeacon of Llandaff in the time of Bishop Urban (1107–1153), and in that character attests the agreement drawn up in 1126 between the bishop and Earl Robert of Gloucester (Liber Landavensis, ed. 1893, p. 29). In 1131 he was one of Urban's envoys in the matter of the dispute with the sees of Hereford and St. David's (ib. pp. 60, 64). He was clearly a Welshman (the name is not uncommon at this period), and probably married, since ‘Brut y Tywysogion’ (Oxford Bruts, p. 328) mentions a daughter Angharad, who became the wife of Iorwerth ab Owain, of the Welsh line of Caerllion. Upon Urban's death in 1134 he was elected to the see of Llandaff, and in 1140 was consecrated by Archbishop Theobald [q. v.] (Continuator of Flor. Wig.) He did not continue the barren litigation as to the boundaries and privileges of the see which occupied so much of Urban's episcopate, and appears only in minor controversies with the priory of Goldcliff (Haddan and Stubbs, Councils, i. 346–7) and the abbey of St. Peter's, Gloucester (Historia et Cartularium Sancti Petri, ed. Hart, ii. 14). He died in 1148, a date given by the ‘Annals of Tewkesbury,’ and to be inferred from the notices in the ‘Bruts’ and ‘Annales Cambriæ.’ According to the Gwentian ‘Brut’ (Myvyrian Archaiology, 2nd ed. p. 711), the famous Geoffrey of Monmouth [q. v.] was Uchtryd's nephew and adopted son, and Mr. Gwenogfryn Evans believes (preface to edition of 1893) that the ‘Liber Landavensis’ in its original form was compiled by Geoffrey at Llandaff under his uncle's patronage. That Uchtryd had a nephew called Geoffrey is shown by the occurrence of ‘Galfrido sacerdote nepote episcopi’ among the witnesses to a charter of his dated 1146 (Cartulary of St. Peter's, Gloucester, ii. 55), but the author of the ‘History of the Kings of Britain’ is not supposed to have been ordained priest until 1152 (Haddan and Stubbs, Councils, i. 360). The chapter of St. David's, in a letter to Eugenius III of about 1145, accuse Uchtryd of illiteracy and immorality; it is possible, however, that the document, the knowledge of which is due to the zeal of Giraldus Cambrensis on behalf of the claims of St. David's, may be spurious (Gir. Cambr., Works, iii. 56–8, 187–8).
[Haddan and Stubbs's Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents; Annales Cambriæ.]
J. E. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Tytler, Henry William

​TYTLER, HENRY WILLIAM (1752–1808), physician and translator, born at Fearn, Forfarshire, in 1752, was the younger brother of James Tytler [q. v.], and the son of George Tytler (d. 1785), minister of Fearn, by his wife, Janet Robertson. In 1793 he published the ‘Works of Callimachus translated into English Verse; the Hymns and Epigrams from the Greek, with the Coma Berenices from the Latin of Catullus,’ which is said to be the first translation of a Greek poet by a native of Scotland. They were reprinted in ‘Bohn's Classical Library’ (1856). In 1797, Tytler, who had graduated M.D., published ‘Pædotrophia, or the Art of Nursing and Rearing Children: a Poem in three books,’ translated from the Latin of Scévole de Sainte-Marthe, with medical and historical notes. He published in 1804 a ‘Voyage from the Cape of Good Hope.’ He also completed a translation of the seventeen books of the ‘Poem of Silius Italicus on the Punic War,’ which was not published. Tytler died at Edinburgh on 22 July 1808.
[Anderson's Scottish Nation; British Critic, xi. 70; Gent. Mag. 1808, ii. 852; Scott's Fasti Eccl. Scoticanæ, III. ii. 831.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Ferdinand

Ferdinando Leigh in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 1904 Errata appended.
​LEIGH, Sir FERDINAND (1585?–1654), governor of the Isle of Man, born about 1585, was the eldest son and heir of Thomas Leigh of Middleton, Yorkshire, by Elizabeth Stanley of the Derby family, maid of honour to Queen Elizabeth. On his father's death in 1594 Ferdinand was left owner of vast estates near Leeds, Rothwell, Haigh, Middleton, &c. His mother married again one Richard Houghton of Lancashire. In 1617 he was knighted at York. In 1625 he was deputy-governor of Man under his relative the Earl of Derby, a post he appears only to have held for about a year. He was a gentleman of the king's privy chamber, and an enthusiastic royalist, contributing 100l. to the royal cause when the king assembled the gentry of Yorkshire at York. During the war he fought as colonel of a troop of horse, with his eldest son and successor, John, under him as captain. In 1650 he was threatened by the committee for advance of money with the forced sale of his Yorkshire property. He died at Pontefract on 19 Jan. 1654, and is buried in the ruined church there. Leigh married four times: first, Margery, daughter of William Cartwright; secondly, Mary, daughter of Thomas Pilkington; thirdly, Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Tirwhit; fourthly, Anne, daughter of Edmund Clough; and was twice a widower before he was thirty. His second wife was a collateral descendant of James Pilkington, the first protestant bishop of Durham. He had eight children, the youngest being born about 1630; his eldest son (by Anne Clough), John, succeeded to his estates, and died in 1706.
[Biographia Leodiensis, p. 90; Ducatus Leodiensis, i. 222; Cal. Committee of Advance of Money, ii. 924 sq.; Seacome's Hist, of Isle of Man, p. 53.]
E. T. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.179 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 434 | i | 17 | Leigh, Sir Ferdinand: for Bothwell, Haigh read Bothwell Haigh |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Henry Sambrooke

​LEIGH, HENRY SAMBROOKE (1837–1883), author and dramatist, son of James Mathews Leigh [q. v.], was born in London on 29 March 1837, and at an early age engaged in literary pursuits. From time to time appeared collections of his lyrics, under the titles of ‘Carols of Cockayne,’ 1869 (several editions); ‘Gillott and Goosequill,’ 1871; ‘A Town Garland. A Collection of Lyrics,’ 1878; and ‘Strains from the Strand. Trifles in Verse,’ 1882. His verse was always fluent, but otherwise of very slender merit.
For the stage he translated many French comic operas. His first theatrical essay was in collaboration with Charles Millward in a musical spectacle for the Theatre Royal, Birmingham. His ‘Falsacappa,’ music by Offenbach, was produced at the Globe Theatre on 22 April 1871; ‘Le Roi Carotte’ at the Alhambra on 3 June 1872; ‘Bridge of Sighs,’ opera-bouffe, at the St. James's, 18 Nov. 1872; ‘White Cat,’ a fairy spectacle, at the Queen's, Long Acre, on 2 Dec. 1875; ‘Voyage dans la Lune,’ opera-bouffe, at the Alhambra, on 15 April 1876; ‘Fatinitza,’ opera-bouffe (the words were printed), adapted from the German, at the Alhambra on 20 June 1878; ‘The Great Casimir,’ a vaudeville, at the Gaiety, on 27 Sept. 1879; ‘Cinderella,’ an opera, with music by J. Farmer, at St. James's Hall, on 2 May 1884 (the words were published in 1882); ‘The Brigands,’ by H. Meilhac and L. Halévy, adapted to English words by Leigh, was printed in 1884. For ‘Lurette,’ a comic opera, Avenue, 24 March 1883, he wrote the lyrics; and with Robert Reece he produced ‘La Petite Mademoiselle,’ comic opera, Alhambra, on 6 Oct. 1879. He edited ‘Jeux d'Esprit written and spoken by French and English Wits and Humorists,’ in 1877, and wrote Mark Twain's ‘Nightmares’ in 1878.
His last theatrical venture—a complete failure—was ‘The Prince Methusalem,’ a comic opera, brought out at the Folies Dramatiques (now the Kingsway), Great Queen Street, London, on 19 May 1883. He was a Spanish, Portuguese, and French scholar, a brilliant and witty conversationalist, and a humorous singer. He died in his rooms in Lowther's private hotel, 35 Strand, London, on 16 June 1883, and was buried in Brompton cemetery on 22 June.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, James Mathews

​LEIGH, JAMES MATHEWS (1808–1860), painter and author, born in 1808, was nephew of Charles Mathews the elder [q. v.], and the son of a well-known bookseller in the Strand. He studied painting under William Etty, R.A. [q. v.], and adopted the line of historical painting. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1830, sending 'Joseph presenting his Brethren to Pharaoh' and 'Jephthah's Vow.' Soon after he made a long visit to the continent to study the works of the old masters. About this time also he devoted himself to literature, and published privately in 1838 'Cromwell,' an historical play in five acts, and later 'The Rhenish Album.' After a second visit to the continent Leigh resumed work as a painter, and continued to send sacred subjects or portraits to the Royal Academy and other exhibitions up to 1849. Leigh is better known as a teacher of drawing than as a painter. He started a well-known painting school in Newman Street, Oxford Street, which was largely attended, and was a formidable rival to the better-known school kept by Henry Sass [q. v.] Leigh died in London on 20 April 1860. His son, Henry Sambrooke Leigh, is separately noticed.
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Jared

​LEIGH, JARED (1724–1769), amateur artist, apparently the son of Jared Leigh, was born in 1724. His father is said to have descended from the family of Leigh of West Hall, Cheshire. He became a proctor in Doctors' Commons, and died prematurely 1 May 1769; he was buried in St. Andrew's Wardrobe. He was married and left issue; one of his daughters married Francis ​Wheatley, R.A. Leigh was an amateur who occasionally sold his pictures. He painted chiefly sea-pieces and landscapes, and exhibited twenty-three pictures with the Free Society of Artists from 1761 to 1767.
[Notes and Queries, 5th ser. viii. 148; Edwards's Anecdotes, p. 28; Mulvany's Life of Gandon, p. 213; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists of the English School; information from Lionel Cust esq., F.S.A.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Charles (1662-1701?)

​LEIGH, CHARLES (1662–1701?), physician and naturalist, son of William Leigh of Singleton-in-the-Fylde, Lancashire, and great-grandson of William Leigh [q. v.], B.D., rector of Standish, was born at Singleton Grange in 1662. On 7 July 1679 he became a commoner of Brasenose College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. on 24 May 1683. Wood records that he left Oxford in debt and went to Cambridge, to Jesus College, as is believed. He graduated M.A. and M.D. (1689) at Cambridge. He was on 13 May 1685 elected F.R.S. When Wood wrote his 'Athenæ Oxonienses,' Leigh was practising in London; but he lived at Manchester at a later date, and had an extensive practice throughout Lancashire.
Some of his papers read before the Royal Society are printed in the 'Philosophical Transactions,' and he published the following separate works: 1. 'Phthisologia Lancastriensis, cui accessit Tentamen Philosophicum de Mineralibus Aquis in eodem comitatu observatis,' 1694, 8vo; reprinted at Geneva, 1736. 2. 'Exercitationes quinque, de Aquis Mineralibus; Thermis Calidis; Morbis Acutis; Morbis Intermittentib.; Hydrope,' 1697, 8vo. 3. 'The Natural History of Lancashire, Cheshire, and the Peak in Derbyshire; with an account of the British, Phoenic, Armenian, Gr. and Rom. Antiquities found in those parts,' Oxford, 1700, fol. This contains a good portrait after Faithorne as frontispiece. He also wrote three pamphlets in 1698 in answer to R. Bolton on the 'Heat of the Blood,' and one in reply to John Colebatch on curing the bite of a viper. His writings are of little value, and there is reason for the remark of Dr. T. D. Whitaker that 'his vanity and petulance' were 'at least equal to his want of literature.' His 'Natural History' is little more than a translation of his earlier Latin treatises.
He married Dorothy, daughter of Edward Shuttleworth of Larbrick, Lancashire, with whom he received a moiety of the manor of Larbrick, afterwards surrendered in payment of a debt owing by Leigh to Serjeant Bretland. He left no issue. His widow died before 1717.
He is said to have died in 1701, but there is some doubt on this point, as Hearne, writing on 30 Oct. 1705 (MS. Diary, iv. 222), says : 'I am told Dr. Leigh, who writ the "Natural History of Lancashire," has divers things fit for the press, but that he will not let them see the light because his History has not taken well.'
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), ii. 643, iv. 609; Fish-wick's Kirkham (Chetham Soc.), pp. 183, 189; Nicholson's Engl. Hist. Libr. ed. 1776, p. 13; Earwaker's Local Gleanings, 4to, i. 68; Ormerod's Cheshire (Helsby), i. xxxiii; Dugdale's Visitation of Lancashire (Chetham Soc.), p. 183; Malcolm's Lives, 1815, 4to; Whitaker's Whalley, 1818, p. 26; Gough's Brit. Topogr.; Corresp. of K. Richardson of Bierley, p. 25; Raines's Fellows of Manchester College (Chetham Soc.), i. 184; Derby Household Books (Chetham
Soc.), p. 119; Thoresby's Corresp. i. 390; J. E. Bailey's MSS. in Chetham Library, Bundle No. 7.]
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Evan

​LEIGH, EVAN (1811–1876), inventor, born in 1811, was son of Peter Leigh, a cotton-spinner of Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire. About 1851 he quitted the management of his father's business to become a manufacturer of machinery. Latterly he was also extensively engaged as a consulting engineer, and as an exporter of machinery. He established businesses at Manchester, Liverpool, and Boston, Massachusetts. He was the author of some useful inventions for the improvement of the machinery of cotton manufacture, and has a claim also to the invention of the twin-screw for steamers, for which he took out a patent in 1849. He could not persuade the government of the day or any of the shipbuilders to take it up, though he received a letter from the lords of the admiralty thanking him for the communication. The other best-known inventions of Leigh are the 'self-stripping' carding engine, the coupled mules 'with putting-up motion,' and the loose-boss top roller. He patented nineteen inventions in all between 1849 and 1870. In 1870 he published his plan for conveying railway trains across the Straits of Dover by means of a patent ship and landing-stage, and he gave an explanation of it at a conversazione of the Manchester Scientific and Mechanical Society, of which he was president. He died at Clarence House, Chorlton, near Manchester, on 2 Feb. 1876. His eldest surviving daughter, Mrs. Ada M. Lewis, was founder of the British and American Mission Home in Paris, which was opened in March 1876, and of which she is now (1892) lady president.
Leigh was a member of various scientific institutions, notably the Institute of Naval Architects and the Institute of Civil Engineers.
In 1871 he published a profusely illustrated work entitled 'The Science of Modern Cotton Spinning,' 2 vols. 4to, in which, as he stated in the preface, he gave the results of nearly half a century of practical experience of mills and mill machinery. The book is one of great authority both in Europe and America, and attained its fourth edition in 1877. Leigh was likewise author of many papers and pamphlets relating to mechanical works.
​His portrait, by Captain Charles Mercier, was included in the collection of portraits of inventors at the South Kensington Museum.
[Times, 4 Feb. 1876, p. 5; Illustrated London News, 26 Feb. 1876, p. 196; Manchester Guardian, 4 Feb. 1876; Manchester Courier, 4 Feb. 1876; Woodcraft's Alphabetical Index of Patentees.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leigh, Egerton

​LEIGH, EGERTON (1815–1876), writer on dialect, was born in 1815. He was a member of the ancient family of Leigh or Legh settled in various parts of Cheshire, his father being Egerton Leigh of West Hall, High Leigh ; his mother was Wilhelmina Sarah, daughter of George Stratton of Tewpark, Oxford. Leigh was educated at Eton, and became a cornet in the 2nd dragoon guards (queen's bays), 12 April 1833. His subsequent steps were lieutenant 19 June 1835, and captain 18 Dec. 1840; in 1843 he retired from the regiment and entered the 1st Cheshire light infantry militia, which he quitted as lieutenant-colonel 18 Nov. 1870. In 1872 he was high sheriff for Cheshire. Leigh had long been an active conservative, and in 1873 was elected member of parliament for the Mid-Cheshire division; he was re-elected in 1874. He died at Cox's Hotel, Jermyn Street, London, on 1 July 187G, and was buried in the churchyard of Rostherne, Cheshire. He married, 20 Sept. 1842, Lydia Rachel, daughter of John Smith Wright of Bulcote Lodge, Nottinghamshire, and left five sons and a daughter. Leigh was much interested in local archaeology, and edited 'Ballads and Legends of Cheshire,' Lond. 1867, 4to. Posthumously was published his 'Glossary of Words used in the dialect of Cheshire,' London, 1877. This was largely founded on the collections of Roger Wilbraham, and has a portrait of Leigh as a frontispiece.
[Times, 3 July 1876; Hart's Army Lists; Cheshire Courant, 5 July 1876; Annual Register, 1876.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Maynard, Edward

​MAYNARD, EDWARD (1654–1740), antiquary, born at Daventry, Northamptonshire, in 1654, was the son of William Maynard of Daventry. He was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, and graduated B.A. on 7 July 1674, M.A. 22 May 1677, B.D. 3 Nov. 1688, D.D. 3 March 1690–1. He was fellow of the college 1678–94, and bursar 1687–8. He was expelled by the commissioners of James II in August 1688, on the plea of non-residence (having been for some time chaplain to Lord Digby), but restored on 25 Oct. in the same year (Bloxam, Magd. Coll. and James II, passim). Maynard was about eight years (1692–1700?) preacher at Lincoln's Inn. On 15 Nov. 1700 he was installed precentor of Lichfield, and was for forty years canon and precentor of that cathedral. From 1701–6 he was rector of Passenham, Northamptonshire (Bridge, Northamptonshire, i. 307), and from 3 April 1696 till his death rector of Boddington in the same county (ib. i. 106). He died on 13 April 1740, aged 86, and was buried in Boddington ​Church. He married Elizabeth (d. 1736), daughter of William Hastings of Hinton.
Maynard edited and published in 1716, fol., the second edition of Dugdale's ‘History of St. Paul's Cathedral,’ and published two volumes of ‘Sermons,’ London, 1722–4, 8vo. He bequeathed to Magdalen College his library, which included about twenty volumes on the popish controversy in James II's reign, the sum of 500l. and a silver flagon presented to him at Lincoln's Inn in 1700. He also made charitable bequests to Daventry and Boddington and to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.
[Bloxam's Reg. of Magdalen Coll. v. (ii.), 319, 320; Bridge's Northamptonshire; Wilford's Memorials, 1741, pp. 781–2.]
W. W.