OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/List of Illustrations
## The Warblers of North America

Illustrations by Louis Agassiz Fuertes
| | AUDUBON'S WARBLER (Dendroica auduboni) |
| Male and Female | BAY-BREASTED WARBLER (Dendroica castanea) |
| | BLACK AND WHITE WARBLER (Mniotilta varia) |
| Male and Female | BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER (Dendroica fusca) |
| Male and Female | BLACK-POLL WARBLER (Dendroica striata) |
| Female and Male | BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER (Dendroica cærulescens cærulescens) |
| | BLACK-THROATED GRAY WARBLER (Dendroica nigrescens) |
| Male and Female | BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER (Dendroica virens) |
| | BLUE-WINGED WARBLER (Vermivora pinus) |
| | CANADA WARBLER (Wilsonia canadensis) |
| Male and Female | CAPE MAY WARBLER (Dendroica tigrina) |
| Male, Immature Male and Female | CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER (Dendroica pensylvanica) |
| | CONNECTICUT WARBLER (Oporornis agilis) MOURNING WARBLER (Oporornis philadelphia) MACGILLIVRAY WARBLER (Oporornis tolmiei) |
| Male and Female | GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER (Vermivora chrysoptera) |
| Male and Female | HOODED WARBLER (Wilsonia citrina) |
| Male and Female | KENTUCKY WARBLER (Oporornis formosus) |
| Adult and Immature Male | MAGNOLIA WARBLER (Dendroica magnolia) |
| Female and Male | MARYLAND YELLOW-THROAT (Geothlypis trichas and variety) |
| | NASHVILLE WARBLER (Vermivora rubricapilla rubricapilla) TENNESSEE WARBLER (Vermivora peregrina) |
| Male and Female | NORTHERN PARULA WARBLER (Compsothlypis americana usneæ) |
| | ORANGE-CROWNED WARBLER (Vermivora celata celata) |
| | OVEN-BIRD (Seiurus aurocapillus) |
| | PALM WARBLER (Dendroica palmarum palmarum) YELLOW PALM WARBLER (Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea) |
| | PINE WARBLER (Dendroica vigorsi) |
| Male and Female | PRAIRIE WARBLER (Dendroica discolor) |
| | RED-FACED WARBLER (Cardellina rubrifrons) |
| Female and Male | REDSTART (Setophaga ruticilla) |
| Male and Female | WILSON WARBLER (Wilsonia pusilla pusilla) |
| | WORM-EATING WARBLER (Helmitheros vermivorus) |
| | YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT (Icteria virens and subspecies) |
| | YELLOW WARBLER (Dendroica æstiva and races) |
| | NORTHERN WATER-THRUSH (Seiurus noveboracencis noveboracensis) LOUISIANA WATER-THRUSH (Seiurus motacilla) |
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Macgillivray Warbler

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Macgillivray Warbler (Oporornis tolmiei)

Range: Breeds mainly in the lower Canadian and Transition Zones from central British Columbia, central Alberta, and southern Saskatchewan south to southern California, southern Arizona, and northern New Mexico, and from the Pacific coast to the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains and southwestern South Dakota; winters from Lower California to Colombia.
Though closely resembling the mourning warbler in appearance and representing that bird in the west, the Macgillivray warbler differs widely in habits. Thus it is far more generally distributed, both in the mountains and in the lowlands, and is much more numerous. In my own experience I have found it in summer chiefly in moist thickets of willows or other brush along streams, and a suitable locality is rarely without a pair or two. Other observers, however, have found the bird on dry brushy hillsides. This warbler nests from a few inches to a few feet above the ground. It has a short, though pleasing, song which is repeated at brief intervals.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 321. (Illustration from p. 320.)
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Cape May Warbler

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Cape May Warbler (Dendroica tigrina)

Range: Breeds in Canadian Zone from southern Mackenzie, northern Ontario, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia south to Manitoba, northern Maine, and New Hampshire, and in Jamaica; winters in the Bahamas and the West Indies to Tobago.
Not only is the Cape May one of our most beautiful warblers, but its rarity adds greatly to the zest with which one hails the discovery of even an individual. This species, however, is far more numerous even in New England, especially in fall, than it used to be, and in time the bird may even be listed in many of the Eastern States as among the more common migrants.
Although the bulk of the species undoubtedly migrates north through the Mississippi Valley, rarely a spring passes that a few individuals are not reported about Washington, D. C., and I have seen several in a day. At this time of year the Cape May often forsakes the woodlands and appears in orchards or even in city parks, and probably not a season passes that one or more do not visit the Smithsonian or Agricultural Department grounds. Chapman tells us that in Florida he has seen the species “actually common feeding in weedy patches among a rank growth of pokeberries.”
The bird is a rather sluggish, but persistent, insect hunter, though it adds to its bill of fare one item, grapes, which is bringing it into ill repute in parts of Pennsylvania and Virginia. The sharp-pointed bill of the Cape May enables it readily to puncture the skin, its apparent purpose being to satisfy its thirst with the sweet juice.
The Cape May is a persistent songster, but its song is weak and squeaky and by no means worthy of so superb a creature. Comparatively little is recorded of this bird's nesting habits. It is known to summer from northern Maine northward. A nest found by Banks at St. Johns, New Brunswick, was built in a cedar less than three feet from the ground.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 310. (Illustration from p. 312.)
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Connecticut Warbler

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Connecticut Warbler (Oporornis agilis)

Range: Breeds in Canadian Zone from Manitoba to central Minnesota and northern Michigan; winters in South America, probably in Colombia and Brazil.
Discovered by Wilson in Connecticut early in the last century, the Connecticut warbler remained almost unknown for many years until, September 7, 1870, I found it numerous in the fresh pond swamps of Cambridge. The bird thus rediscovered rapidly came into the limelight, and there are few eastern observers of the present day who are not tolerably familiar with the appearance and habits of this warbler. In fall it is common throughout eastern United States in low, swampy thickets. It habitually feeds on the ground, and is so silent and shy as easily to escape the notice even of one on the lookout for it, especially as its single chirp of alarm is infrequently uttered. In fact, the only way to be sure that one or more Connecticut warblers are not concealed in the shrubbery of a suspected locality is to beat over it systematically, not once, but many times.
When started, the warbler flies noiselessly to the nearest shaded perch, and there sits motionless, watching the intruder, till it decides either to renew its interrupted search for food or to seek some distant place, far from the danger of intrusion. Under such circumstances its motions are highly suggestive of the staid and quiet thrushes, and in no respect similar to the sprightly warblers. The Connecticut is one of the few species that for some reason choose distinct routes of migration, as in spring it passes up the Mississippi Valley instead of through the Atlantic Coast States, which form its southern route in fall. The bird is known to breed in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Manitoba, and elsewhere in the north. The only nest so far found, however, appears to be one discovered by Seton in Manitoba. As was to be expected, it was on the ground.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 321. (Illustration from p. 320.)
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Kentucky Warbler

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Kentucky Warbler (Oporornis formosus)

Range: Breeds in Carolinian and Austroriparian Zones from southeastern Nebraska, southern Wisconsin, southeastern and southwestern Pennsylvania, and the Hudson Valley south to eastern Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, and northern Georgia; winters from Tabasco, Campeche, and Chiapas through Central America to Colombia.
The Kentucky warbler, with its rich colors and symmetrical form, is to be classed among the elect of the warbler tribe. Moreover, while locally common it is never so abundant that it does not excite a thrill of interest in the breast of even the most blasé of bird observers. It loves the deep, dark forest and shaded ravine, where the foliage overhead casts heavy shadows on the plentiful undergrowth beneath and where even in midsummer it is moist and cool.
The bird is a persistent singer, and in its own chosen haunts its loud, sweet song may be heard all day long. There is a curious resemblance between its ditty and that of the Carolina wren, and while no one can mistake the two songs when heard close by, at a distance even the expert may be puzzled. This warbler finds most of its food on the ground, and the thick undergrowth in which it hunts makes it difficult to learn much of its habits by observation, since it is difficult to keep an individual in sight many minutes at a time.
It builds a rather loose, bulky nest, largely of leaves and grasses, which is placed either on or just above the ground, and although it may seem to have been rather artlessly located it is in reality well protected by the surrounding vegetation with which it blends, and hence generally escapes the observation of all but the most persistent and sharp-sighted of observers.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 314. (Illustration from p. 317.)
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Louisiana Water-thrush

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Louisiana Water-thrush (Seiurus motacilla)

Range: Breeds mainly in Carolinian Zone from southeastern Nebraska, southeastern Minnesota, and the southern parts of Michigan, Ontario, New York, and New England south to northeastern Texas, northern Georgia, and central South Carolina; winters from northern Mexico to Colombia, the Greater Antilles, Antigua, and the Bahamas.
The Louisiana water-thrush, though not unlike its northern relative in general appearance, is very different in disposition and habits, and I know of no bird more shy and difficult to watch. It frequents the banks and neighborhood of clear streams that run through woodlands and tangles of laurel. One hears the sharp note of challenge or the wild ringing song, but any attempt to see the singer, unless made with the utmost caution, will end in disappointment or in a casual glimpse of a small, brown bird flitting like a shadow through the brush.
The song of either water-thrush is of a high order of excellence. I cannot but think, however, that the song of the Louisiana water-thrush gains over that of its tuneful rival by partaking somewhat of the nature of its wild surroundings, and that its song is enhanced by its accompaniments—the murmur of the woodland brook and the whisper of the foliage—among which it is heard. Quite a number of our birds habitually teeter or wag their tails, but few as persistently as the water-thrushes.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 319. (Illustration from p. 317.)
# National Geographic Magazine/Volume 31/Number 4/Friends of Our Forests/Chestnut-sided Warbler

See also ... Main article • Index to the Warblers of North America • List of illustrations

## The Warblers of North America
### Chestnut-sided Warbler (Dendroica pensylvanica)

Range: Breeds mainly in the Transition Zone from central Saskatchewan, northwestern Manitoba, central Ontario, and Newfoundland south to eastern Nebraska, Illinois, Indiana, northern Ohio, northern New Jersey, and Rhode Island, and south in the Alleghenies to Tennessee and South Carolina; winters from Guatemala to Panama.
Since the days of Wilson, Audubon, and Nuttall there is little doubt that the chestnut-sided warbler has increased in numbers, and within its range it is now one of the commoner of the family. It is trim of form and its colors, though not gaudy, have a quiet elegance all their own. During the fall migration it shows little preference in its hunting grounds, but is found with others of its kin in all sorts of woodland haunts and in deciduous as well as coniferous trees. It frequents open woodland tracts in summer and loves to nest in low thickets of hazel and barberry. In favorable localities in Massachusetts I have frequently found half a dozen nests in a morning's search. The nests are made of shreds of bark and grasses and are put together so loosely and carelessly that, in connection with their situation, they unmistakably betray their ownership.
Source: Henry W. Henshaw (April 1917), “Friends of Our Forests”, The National Geographic Magazine 31(4): 314. (Illustration from p. 313.)
# New Orleans v. Quinlan

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
173 U.S. 191
New Orleans v. Quinlan
W. B. Sommerville and S. L. Gilmore, for plaintiff in error.
Charles Louque, for defendant in error.
Mr. Chief Justice FULLER delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New Orleans v. Stemple

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
175 U.S. 309
New Orleans v. Stemple
Argued: October 25, 1899. --- Decided: December 4, 1899
This case comes on appeal from the circuit court of the United States for the eastern district of Louisiana. It is a suit brought by the appellee to restrain the collection of taxes levied upon certain personal property which she claims was exempt from taxation. The important facts are these: The plaintiff, as well as the infants whose guardian she is, and for whose benefit she brings this suit, are residents of the state of New York, in which state she has been duly appointed the guardian of their estates. The infants inherited certain property from their grandfather, a resident of Louisiana, whose estate was duly settled in the proper court of that state. By regular proceedings these infants had been adjudged his legal heirs, and she, as guardian, had been put in possession of their property thus inherited. The order of the court, in this respect, was rendered February 14, 1896, and the taxes which were sought to be restrained were those for that year. The assessment, as appears by the assessment roll, was in the name of 'the estate of D. C. McCan;' was of $15,000, 'money in possession, on deposit, or in hand,' and of $800,000, 'money loaned on interest, all credits and all bills receivable, for money loaned or advanced, or for goods sold; and all credits of any and every description.' The principal contentions of the plaintiff were: First, that included within this personal property was some $228,000 of bonds of the state of Louisiana, taxation of which by the state or any of its municipalities was void, as impairing the obligation of a contract made by the state. Second, that the situs of the loans and credits was in New York, the place of residence of the guardian and wards, and, therefore, being loans and credits without the state of Louisiana they were not subject to taxation therein.
Messrs. F. C. Zacharie and J. J. McLoughlin for appellants.
Mr. E. Howard McCaleb for appellee.
Mr. Justice Brewer delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New York Life Insurance Company v. Hendren/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Bradley
United States Supreme Court
92 U.S. 286
New York Life Insurance Company v. Hendren
This record does not show that any Federal question was decided or necessarily involved in the judgment rendered by the court below. The pleadings, as well as the instructions asked and refused, present questions of general law alone. The court was asked to decide as to the effect, under the general public law, of a state of sectional civil war upon the contract of life insurance, which was the subject of the action. It was not contended, so far as we can discover, that the general laws of war, as recognized by the law of nations applicable to this case, were in any respect modified or suspended by the constitution, laws, treaties, or executive proclamations, of the United States. This distinguishes the present case from Matthews v. McStea, where jurisdiction was taken at the last term (20 Wall. 640), and the case decided at the present term. 91 U.S. 7. The question was there presented, whether the President's proclamation of April 19, 1861, did not suspend, for the time being, the operation of that principle in the law of war which prohibited commercial intercourse in time of war between the adherents of the two contending powers. Here there is nothing of the kind.
Our jurisdiction over the decisions of the State courts is limited. It is not derived from the citizenship of the parties, but from the questions involved and decided. It must appear in the record, or we cannot proceed. We act upon questions actually presented to the court below, not upon such as might have been presented or brought into the case, but were not.
The case, therefore, having been presented to the court below for decision upon principles of general law alone, and it nowhere appearing that the constitution, laws, treaties, or executive proclamations, of the United States were necessarily involved in the decision, we have no jurisdiction. We have often so decided. Bethel v. Demaret, 10 Wall. 537; Delmas v. Insurance Co., 14 id. 666; Tarver v. Keach, 15 id. 67; Rockhold v. Rockhold, supra, p. 129.
Dismissed for want of jurisdiction.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New York Life Insurance Company v. Jackson/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
304 U.S. 261
New York Life Insurance Company v. Jackson
This suit was brought by petitioner, New York Life Insurance Company, to cancel the reinstatement of an insurance policy upon the ground that it was obtained by fraud. The defendants, the insured and the beneficiary, denied the responsibility of the insured for any misrepresentations by reason of his mental incapacity at the time. They also filed a cross bill seeking the payment of the monthly disability benefits for which the policy provided. Decree was rendered in favor of defendants on their cross bill. The decree declared void the reinstatement of the policy but held it to be in full force from the date of its issue. The Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed. 7 Cir., 94 F.2d 288.
The stipulation of facts stated that the insured at the time of the issue of the policy in 1927 was a resident of Missouri and that the policy was delivered to the insured in that State. Findings of the District Court followed the stipulation.
The Circuit Court of Appeals considered the question whether under the provisions of the policy the insurer was liable for disability benefits to the insured who became totally and permanently disabled during the period of grace following the date on which a semiannual premium payment fell due where the premium was not paid until after the expiration of the period of grace. The court considered the question as one of general law. Its decision should have been made according to the applicable principles of the state law which governed the interpretation of the policy. Erie Railroad Company v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. --, decided April 25, 1938; Ruhlin v. New York Life Insurance Company, 304 U.S. 202, 58 S.Ct. 860, 82 L.Ed. --, decided May 2, 1938.
Certiorari is granted, the judgment of the Circuit Court of Appeals is vacated, and the cause is remanded to that court for further proceedings in conformity with this opinion. It is so ordered.
Vacated and remanded.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO took no part in the consideration and decision of this case.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New York Life Insurance Company v. Jackson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
304 U.S. 261
New York Life Insurance Company v. Jackson
On Petition for Writ of Certiorari April 2, 1938.
Decided May 16, 1938.
Messrs. Rudolph J. Kramer and Bruce A. Campbell, both of East St. Louis, Ill., and Louis H. Cooke, of New York City, for petitioner.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New York Life Insurance Company v. Statham/Dissent Clifford

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Dissenting Opinion Clifford
United States Supreme Court
93 U.S. 24
New York Life Insurance Company v. Statham
MR. JUSTICE CLIFFORD, with whom concurred MR. JUSTICE HUNT, dissenting.
Where the parties to an executory money-contract live in different countries, and the governments of those countries become involved in public war with each other, the contract between such parties is suspended during the existence of the war, and revives when peace ensues; and that rule, in my judgment, is as applicable to the contract of life insurance as to any other executory contract. Consequently, I am obliged to dissent from the opinion and judgment of the court in these cases.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# New York Medical Times

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* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
A monthly medical journal edited by Dr. Egbert Guernsey and published by E.P. Coby & Co. between 1851-1856[1] and 1881-1896.

## See also

* An historic sketch of the stethoscope
# New York Life Insurance Company v. Viglas

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
297 U.S. 672
New York Life Insurance Company v. Viglas
Argued: March 6, 1936. --- Decided: March 30, 1936
Messrs. F. H. Nash, of Boston, Mass., and Louis H. Cooke, of New York City, for petitioner.
Mr. Harris J. Booras, of Boston, Mass., for respondent.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse