# Motors and Motor-Driving

THE
    BADMINTON
       LIBRARY
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN HER ELECTRIC CAR AT SANDRINGHAM (After a photograph taken by H.R.H. Princess Victoria)
MOTORS AND MOTOR-DRIVING
BY
ALFRED C. HARMSWORTH
WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY
THE MARQUIS DE CHASSELOUP-LAUBAT
THE HON. JOHN SCOTT-MONTAGU, M.P., SIR DAVID SALOMONS, BART.
R. J. MECREDY, THE HON. C. S. ROLLS, HENRY STURMEY
C. L. FREESTON, J. ST. LOE STRACHEY
THE RIGHT HON. SIR J. H. A. MACDONALD
AND OTHERS
WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY
H. M. BROCK, H. TRINGHAM, AND FROM PHOTOGRAPHS
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON
AND BOMBAY
1902
All rights reserved
THE BADMINTON LIBRARY
A few lines only are necessary to explain the object with which these volumes are put forth. At the time when the Badminton Library was started no modern encyclopædia existed to which the inexperienced man, who sought guidance in the practice of the various British Sports and Pastimes, could turn for information. Some books there were on Hunting, some on Racing, some on Lawn Tennis, some on Fishing, and so on; but one Library, or succession of volumes, which treated of the Sports and Pastimes indulged in by Englishmen—and women—was wanting. The Badminton Library was produced to supply the want. Of the imperfections ​which must be found in the execution of such a design we are conscious. Experts often differ. But this we may say, that those who are seeking for knowledge on any of the subjects dealt with will find the results of many years' experience written by men who are in every case adepts at the Sport or Pastime of which they write. It is to point the way to success to those who are ignorant of the sciences they aspire to master, and who have no friend to help or coach them, that these volumes are written.
To those who have worked hard to place simply and clearly before the reader that which he will find within, the best thanks of the Editor are due. That it has been no slight labour to supervise all that has been written he must acknowledge; but it has been a labour of love, and very much lightened by the courtesy of the Publisher, by the unflinching, indefatigable assistance of the Sub-Editor, and by the intelligent and able arrangement of each subject by the various writers, who are so thoroughly masters of the subjects of which they treat. The reward we all hope to reap is that our work may prove useful to this and future generations.
BEAUFORT.
PREFACE
In a history of the origin and compilation of the Badminton Library prefaced to 'The Poetry of Sport,' I wrote, 'With this volume, the twenty-eighth of the series, the Badminton Library comes to an end, at least so far as is at present contemplated'; but noting how, since the issue of 'Hunting' in 1885, Golf and Cycling had attained such extraordinary prominence and popularity, I added, 'Who can say what sport may not spring up and take the public fancy? If any such does arise, a volume about it will doubtless be written.' Motoring—for the verb will have to be accepted and recognised—is such a sport, or, if the description be not admitted on all hands, is at any rate, for reasons set forth in the following chapters, sufficiently near to sport to require inclusion; and therefore no excuse seems necessary for this book. That automobilism is by no means a new idea the Marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat shows in his contribution; indeed, ​he traces the origin of the movement to the year 1769, and gives a picture of a steam coach which ran daily from Paddington to Harrow as long ago as 1833. It is only within the last two or three years, however, that any sustained attempt has been made to introduce motor-cars into this country, and to employ them extensively as pleasure vehicles and for practical purposes.
The movement was exhibiting such vigour that a Badminton book became inevitable; but it could scarcely have appeared so soon had it not been for the initiative and energy of an enthusiast, Mr. Alfred Harmsworth, one of the leading pioneers of automobilism in England, for whose invaluable assistance the Editor and Publishers cannot make sufficient acknowledgment. He is to a great extent responsible for the present volume, of the completeness of which it is not for us to speak, though we confidently anticipate the verdict of critics and of readers. The heartiest recognition must also be given to the untiring aid of Mr. Claude Johnson, Secretary of the Automobile Club, who has probably done more than any other man towards helping to rescue what must assuredly become a great British industry from foreign hands. Mr. Harmsworth and Mr. Johnson were fortunately able to secure the hearty co-operation of the Automobile Club. The ​various chapters have been read before and exhaustively discussed by the members, to whom are due the thanks of the compilers and likewise of all who may benefit by the varied contents of the work; nor must an expression of gratitude be omitted to the designers and makers of cars, English and foreign, who have so kindly furnished particulars, photographs and drawings.
As far as possible an endeavour has been made to avoid mentioning the names of particular constructors; where such mention was unavoidable, it should not be understood as suggesting that in the opinion of the writer the cars manufactured by them are necessarily the best; nor, on the other hand, must it be supposed that because various cars are not included, anything in the nature of adverse criticism is implied. The industry is being pursued with such great activity that to discuss every notable make and invention was impossible within the prescribed limits of the volume.
Alfred E. T. Watson.
April 1902
CONTENTS
By the Marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat.
By the Hon. John Scott-Montagu, M.P.
By Alfred C. Harmsworth.
By Lady Jeune and Baron de Zuylen de Nyevelt
(President of the Automobile Club de France}.
By Sir Henry Thompson, Bart., F.R.C.S., M.B. Lond., &c.
By Sir David Salomons, Bart., M.A.
By R. J. Mecredy (Editor of the 'Motor News').
By J. Ernest Hutton, A.I.E.E.
By the Hon. Charles S. Rolls.
By Henry Sturmey.
By W. Worby Beaumont, M.Inst.C.E.
By C. L. Freeston.
By H. Walter Staner, Editor of 'The Autocar. '
By the Editor of 'The Automotor.'
By the Editor of 'The Motor-Car Journal.'
By S. F. Edge and Charles Jarrott.
By the Right Hon. Sir Francis Jeune, K.C.B.
By J. St. Loe Strachey.
By Hercules Langrishe, J.P., Master of the Kilkenny Fox Hounds.
By the Right Hon. Sir John H. A. Macdonald, K.C.B., Lord Justice Clerk of Scotland.
By Roger W. Wallace, K.C. (Chairman of the Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland).
By C. L. Freeston.
APPENDIX
By C. L. Freeston.
By C. L. Freeston.
(Reproduced by permission from the 'Automotor Journal Pocket Book.')
ILLUSTRATIONS
FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS
ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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