# A Dictionary of the Sunda language/D

​Dachin, the Chinese steelyard for weighing pikuls, catties and tails. It is on the principle of the steelyard of Europe, but made of wood.
Dada, the breast. Dada, C. 254 the belly.
Dadak, to do any work hurriedly, to improvise, to get up on the spur of the moment. Pagawéan ari ngarah pageuh ulah di dadak, If you want strong work, do not do it hurriedly.
Dadali, called in Javanese Kedhali; a variety of swallow which collect in flocks on sunny afternoons. It roosts in caverns of limestone rock, and is often mistaken for the Kapindis or the swallow which makes the edible bird's-nests. The nest of the Dadali is not eatable. It is also different from the Walét or house swallow.
Dadampar, a stand, as a tray for tea-things, the saucer of the cup, and the like. (Also a seat).
Dadap, a tree, the Erythrina Indica. This tree is planted in Java among coffee trees for the sake of its shade ; it grows quickly from cuttings.
Dadara, said of the female young of animals which have not yet borne young. Not said of human beings. See Dara.
Dadas, clean swept away, or taken away so as to expose the bottom of anything, or lay it bare- as earth cleared away from the surface of rock. Bendungan geus dadas sakali kadasar, the dam is swept clean away to the bottom.
Dadaulatan, to venture, to make an effort, to try. To trust one's luck. Derived from the Arabic word Daulat, prosperity, welfare, fortune.
are not Derivata (Substantiva) in that language, but the real roots. For the sake of pronounciation is of Chumb the b dropped (it appears again in chumbu, where it is not final) and an i inserted; in churi an i is added to the naked form of the Skr. Chur. It will be not easy to find much more such roots in the Polynesian languages, but they show, what the people of India once attempted, when they brought their language into the Archipelago. Fr. ​Dadaun, that part of a kris sheath, which sits cross ways and holds the broad hilt of the kris; it is often curled up in an ornamental manner.
Dadawuhan, to have periods, or be subject to periodicity, as a tree which becomes bare when it changes its leaves. A period when any particular fruit comes into season. Said also of birds which appear to migrate, and are only seen at certain seasons, as snipe, or plover. (At Bali it means the measuring of time by a kind of clepsydra).
Dadu, Dice; Mata-dadu, Dice pattern, said of a cloth with pattern in small squares. Portuguese Dados, dice. Dadu is also Singhalese. C. 265, a kind of nut or large seed used as dice in playing a certain game. The Singhalese, no doubt, have the word also from the Portuguese.
Dadung, a thick rope for tying a buffalo.
Dadut, weighty, bunchy and large.
Daftar, Arabic, a list, inventory, register. (A word of Persian origin, introduced into Arabic. Freytag).
Dagang, to trade, to buy and sell. Tukang dagang, a merchant, a trader.
Dagangan, merchandise, goods for sale. Anything which we wish other people to take over from us, as to adopt our views &c. A choice of alternatives,
Dagangkĕn, to put up for sale, to expose for sale. To try to induce other people to join our views and do as we do.
Dagé, the fruit of any tree, as of Cocoanut, Pichung, or of the pulse called Kachang, which is set aside to mellow and soften or even to partly rot, as in the case of the cocoanut, that the oil, by such process, may be easily separated, Pulp.
Daging, flesh, animal substance. The grain of wood.
Daging, a variety of mangga so called.
Dago, to wait, to tarry, Di dago wat to datang, we waited but he did not come, Kami kudu di dagoān, you must wait for me.
Dagoan, to wait for any one
Dagor, hit, struck, rapped. Dagorkĕn, to rap, to strike.
Daha, name of an ancient kingdom of Java, of which the capital was in the province of Kĕdiri, called in Javanese Doho. It was one of the numerous petty states , into which Java was divided , on the death of Déwa Kasuma in the 9th century. Daha, C. 263 a lake or pond in which the lotus grows.
Dahar, to eat, to partake of; a fine expression and said of great men's eating. Kiai ĕukĕur dahar, the old gentleman is taking refreshment.
Dahdar, presents of clothes, of eatables &c, but not of money.
Daheuan, a brother or sister of our wife, who is older than her.
Dahi, as di dahi, to cut and trim the eyebrows, as young coquette native girls do.
Dahu, period, precise time, the moment when anything is to occur. Gens datang ka da-ku na, its time had come. (See above Dadawuhan).
​Dahu, name of a tree, Dracontomelon mangiferum, formerly called Paupertia Dulcis.
Daik, to be willing, to wish to, to will. Daik ka mana, where are you going to? Daik balik, I am going back.
Daik-daik, malicious, willingly doing wrong, wayward.
Daik-kĕn, to be willing,
Dairah, ar: Circuit, region, province; district, jurisdiction.
Dak-děk, the idiomatic expression of being actively employed on any work. Dak also alone sometimes occurs.
Daki, scurf, dandriff, any dust or foulness about the skin, such as the foulness which collects in a currycomb after being used on a horse. The dust which adheres to rice or other grain after pounding or grinding.
Dalang, the man who recites the story at a Wayang. A Bard.
Dalapan, Eight; literally „two folded down", see lep. Dualěpan = Dalapan. (Another derivation is from dua and alapan „taking away two" (from ten); herewith corresponds salapan „taking away one", which is used in Sundanese for nine Fr.)
Dalapanblas- Eighteen.
Dalapanpuluh, Eighty.
Dalěm or dalam, a title of respect for a high native, such as a Regent, and as such is prefixed to their name of rank , as Dalem Adipati, DaLem Tumunggung. Such men of rank are also spoken of familiarly as the Dalem, and the word Padaleman implies the place where the Dalem lives. Dalem is no doubt the same as Malay Dalam, within as in the estimation of natives, inner arrangements or a withdrawal from public view is considered consistent with a great man's dignity.
Dalěm, as dalem, individually, distributively , within the compass of. Didalem sa orang kabagian sapatong séwang individually each man got a little bit. Didalem is also Malay, and in that language implies, in, within, as well as the meaning attached to it in Sunda, The Sunda people retain the word only in a sort of metaphorical sense, as given above, and use di jero for in, within.
Dalil, ar: proof, argument; guide, direction. This is not a word in common use, still it is not unknown. Many years ago a scoundrell who caused a disturbance in Bantam had himself called Pangeran Adipati Dalil, the Pangeran Adipati who is a Guide.
Dalima, the pomegranate, Punica granatum. Darima, C. 259 an kind of pome granate. (Dâlima, with cerebral d, is the Sanscrit word.)
Dalu, rotten with ripeness, over- ripe.
Daluang or Daluwang, paper. Probably originally the bark of certain trees macerated and used for clothing as in the South seas, or used as paper, as is still the case in a few places in Java, as in Madiun. Daluwa, C. 260 The young shoot of the leaf, a bud. Is this the young shoots of the Palm leaf used for writing on , with ng suffixed ?
Dalung, a copper cooking pot, short and round, not tall like the sé-éng. ​Damar, rosin, dammar. A torch, a candle, a bundle of split bambus used as a flambeau. Dummala, C, 77 a kind of resin.
Damaran, to throw light upon, to bring a damar to light up a place.
Damé, peace, tranquillity, friendly feeling between parties. To do anything with mutual understanding, of one accord.
Dampa, the munchang or kamiri fruit, when there are two stones in one fruit. See Gĕudul. A game of chance depending upon the number of stones in one fruit.
Dampal, the sole of the foot; the palm of the hand. Dampal suku, sole of the foot; Dampal leungan, palm of the hand.
Dampar, a throne, a royal seat.
Dampas, to cut off even with the ground, as the stump of a tree.
Dang, a designation for a young female attendant about great people. Heard only in Pantuns as Dayang Dang, a damsel who is a handmaid; a maid of honour.
Dang'ah, looking upwards towards heaven; resupine; with the head and eyes stretched upwards.
Dangdānan, to construct, to build, to form in order; to dress, to put on accoutrements. Preparations. Pidangdaneun, materials.
Dangdang, to clear a space in jungle which has been felled, so as to prevent fire spreading, which may be applied to other parts; cleared up in order; to prepare, to get ready. (See the preceding).
Dangdang, is properly a cooking pot made of earthenware, but in shape like the copper Sé-éng. In Malay the copper pot of this shape is called Dangdang. Tukang dangdang in Sunda, however, is the man who makes copper Sé-éngs.
Dangdĕr, Janipha manihot; a shrub which gives an edible root, a variety of manihot; also called manihot utilissima.
Dangka, anything that attaches to people or times before the introduction of Mahomedanism; unenlightened; almost corresponds to our heathen or Pagan. There are also Dangka people, such as have not embraced Mahomedanism, as the Badui of South Bantam and Dangka mountains where some heathen superstitions are still in vogue.
Dangka in Bali is the name of a petty village official under the Gaduh or Mandor, and are Sudras by birth. Bat. Trans. Vol. 23, On consulting Mr. Friederich regarding this word Dangka, he writes me „Dangka is not Sanscrit, nor can I find any word from which it could be corrupted. It can hardly be expected to be a corruption from Tangka, in these parts. Tangka, after all means- axe, crow, stone-cutter's chisel; grief upon separation from a beloved object; fear, terror- root tak, to live in distress. To ​Dangka I have further to add, that It appears in Javanese in the form Dangka (Dongko) and means according to Gericke Page 544 ,,the abode or dwelling of a Buta; a common miserable house, Hadadangka, to have an abode (of a Buta); to live in a bad house”.
Dantan, a female buffaloe which has not yet had a calf.
Danu, a lake , a large swampy lake in Bantam north from the Gunung Karang. (See the following Jay. ranu).
Danu, Prosperous, abundant. Tahun danu, an abundant year. (Danu, Skr. a donor, a giver. The lakes or tanks (in India) might certainly be considered as donors of the means of existence. Fr.)
Dapit, to fasten anything together by tying them between two sticks , slips of bambus so used , called in Malay Japit.
Daptar, ar: a register, an inventory, a written list of things. (See daftar).
Dapur, a kitchen, a cooking place, a fire place for cooking. An oven. A stool or bush, as of Bambus, Sugar cane or similar plants.
Dar, ar: mansion, abode. Only heard in the religious expression Dar-a1-Salam, the mansion of bliss, of peace.
Dara, a young woman who has just got her first child. Dara C. 266, a wife. See Dadara. (38).
Dara, a tame pigeon, columba, rarely used ; the ordinary word is Japati which see. Manuk Dara or wife bird no doubt alludes to the pigeon let fly by the wife who commits herself to the flames on the death of her husband, as is still the case in Bali. (Japati = Jagapati, victorious.)
Darajat, to obtain an encrease of title, rank or the like. To get riches, to obtain prosperity. Daradjat Marsden 131 is Arabic and means steps of a stair case, or ladder; a degree of honour; rank.
Darangdan, Ficus Heteropleura, one of the numerous varieties of wild figs.
Darapon, at random, any how, as long as you can get it; without selection, the first that comes.   Darat, land, in contradistinction to water, dryland, the shore. Dara, C. 258 the Earth. May be derived from Addara, C. 23, the edge, border, margin; and Rata, C. 581. a country, a district, and be thus the margin land. (Dharat, participle of dhri with ri vocalis; from the same root is dhara, which means also the earth. Fr.)
Dardur, the idiomatic expression of loud and successive claps, as of thunder, or the frequent discharge of cannon. Any other loud noise which is frequently repeated at short intervals. Violent disputing between parties attended with noise.
(38) Dárá and Dáráh, in the plural form of the masculine gender means a wife; Dáraka, a Son; a child, an infant, or young animal (see Dádara); Dárikâ, a daughter, (also a whore). Dârakarman, marriage. Wilson. ​Daro, the ancient name of the Sultan’s Canal cut from the Chidurian by Sultan Tirta Yasa. Perhaps this name is the Sanscrit Daru, C. 267, a giver, a donor, one inclined to make gifts: a liberal and munificent man, thus conveying an idea of the munificence in causing such a work to he accomplished. (Dåru is Skr.)
Darurung, the rafters of a flooring, to which the planks are nailed , and in a native's house the round bambu rafters on which are laid the Palupuh or flooring of the house, and which are tied together by the sarang , or slips of split bambu. See Sarang.
Dasar, custom, habit, practice. Dasar na, because, for the reason that.
Dasar, bottom, the floor of any place; the lowest layer of anything. The bottom. The bottom of water, the bed of a river. The floor or ground under any water. To nepi ka dasar, It does not reach the bottom.
Dasar, name of the flat ground which surrounds the Bromo in Probolingo. The Bromo is the crater or central mount in this extraordinary Volcano. Probably it has its ori gin in Dahasara , C, 268 , from Daha, burning, Sara to go , a place where dead bodies are burnt, Dahasara would easily contract into Dasar. Offerings are still made in the Dasar by the Tenggerese to the ancient heathen gods of Java. In Hindu times the Bromo may have been looked upon as a natural burning place made by the gods.
Daster, Persian, a turban, such as worn by Hajis.
Dat, devine essence , substhnce, Properly zat which is arabic.
Datang, to come , to arrive. Unto, until. Geus datang, he has come, Datang ka anggeus, until it is done.
Datangkēn, to cause to come , to produce, to bring forward.
Datar, flat , in contradistinction to hilly.
Datu, chief, chieftain; used of foreign chiefs , not those of Sunda. Datu Palémbang, such a chief of Palembang. It seems to be a modification of the more usual word Ratu.
Daud, arabic. David.
Dauk, iron-grey , the colour of a horse.
Daulat, a r : Prosperity, welfare, fortune, wealth; Prosperons, fortunate. Crawfurd. See Dadaulatan.
Daun, a leaf; also sometimes heard as Dawon. The word is probably derived from Dahu, a period , a particular time , or season , and compounded with an is Dahuan, which by usual contraction would become Dahon or Dawon, and would then signify anything having a periodicity. This idea of periodicity has been applied to leaves from seeing them fall off and change , whilst the stem or tree remained permanently. Many trees in the tropics cast their leaves entirely before getting a new crop, though the usual rule is , that the change is made imperceptibly.
Daun aksara, the alphabet leaf, A small but very curious and pretty leaf which grows on a humble plant, generally on a lump of rock in a moist mountainous position. The marks are thought to represent the Alphabet. ​ Dawa, ar. a lawsuit; a dispute carried before a court or authority to be adjusted.
Dawĕuh, a small variety of rattan, used for cords or whips.
Dawuh, period. Dawuh kiwari, at this present moment. The same as Dahu, Dadawuhan, to have periods, or be subject to periodicity.
Daya, to deceive, to persuade to anything under false pretences. Artifice, trick. Probably the same as Daya in the following word Dayang, and thus deceiving by a show of affection.
Dayang, damsel, maid of honour, This name is much applied to females in ancient story, as Dayang Trusnawati, The word is probably derived from Daya, C. 258 with a nasal twang to it. Tender, compassionate. Love, affection, tenderness.
Dayĕuh, a chief village, a chief town; a Capital,
Dayung, an oar, a paddle; to row.
Dĕdĕg, rank, position in life; stature, height of a man. Luhur na sa dĕdĕg, it was as high as the stature of a man.
Dĕdĕl, to press down, to force down, A post or piece of wood, a block, or chock jammed in so that it forces and holds some object down.
Dĕdĕr, to cast out seed on a seed bed; to raise seedling plants which have subsequently to be planted out. Dĕdĕran kopi, beds in which young seedling coffee plants are raised.
Dĕdĕrék, a kind of plover or large snipe-like bird, making its appearance in the wet monsoon; it frequents upland grasslands rather than swamps.
Dédés, a sort of musk cat which is plentiful in the jungles, and from which musk is extracted , when kept for the purpose in cages. Horsfiold has called it Viverra Rassé. Rassé being the Malay or Batavian name. The musk of the Dédés animal.
Dĕdéskĕn, to shove down; to stamp down.
Dĕdĕuyan, to repeat, to do or say again. Derived from Deui again.
Dĕdéwan, derived from Déwa, a pagan deity. A sort of deceptive trick or mystification practised by the Sunda people. It is in some respects analogous to Biology, only the operator pretends to be invested with the power of a Dewa. Kasurupan dédéwan, to be possessed of a divinity. A divinity has taken possession of his body. Di jampéan ka dédéwan, to use incantations so that a divinity may take possession of his body.
Dedogéran, to work hard at difficult work; to toil; said also of an animal walking or running through boggy land, where difficulty is experienced in pulling out the feet.
Dé-éng, raw flesh cut in strips and dried in the sun till it can be preserved without decomposition. Called in Malay Déngdéng.
Dé-ét, shallow, not deep.
Dĕgdĕg, occurs in „Batara Dĕgdĕg Buwana“, the name of an ancient supernatural power or divinity, but of which the natives can give no distinct account. It appears to mean: the divinity who encompasses the world, who has the world at his disposal, or who pervades the universe. ​Dégél, unhairy, beardless, short-cropped
Déhém, a hem, a suppressed cough to call any one’s attention.
Déhéman, to call any one’s attention by a hem.
Dék, the idiomatic expression of striking or cutting. Dek di kadék he gave a slap at with his chopper.
Dél, the idiomatic expression of breaking or snapping as a rope. Dél bai tambang na pegat, and the rope snapped short off.
Délan, called in Malay Trasi; a native condiment prepared from rotten fish and shrimps.
Délég, a variety of the Gabus fish, but smaller.
Délés, the wick of an oil lamp or of a candle.
Délu, the zodiacal sign Aquarius.
Děmak, name of a district East from Samarang. The word is a contraction of Demalakan, (?) which in Javanese moans an extensive swamp. Raffles Vol 2. Page 124,
Děmang, a native district police officer; a petty district officer under a Regent. This word, like almost all other titles of rank, is probably of Sanscrit origin. The first part being an abbreviation of Adhi, C. 2, chief, superior; and Mang may be Man, an Elu form of Manushya, or it may be derived from Mana, C. 5 14, to know, to understand, the mind considered as the seat of thought or reflection. The termination is made in ng, in conformity with a frequent Polynesian predilection: and the whole word will then indicate a person who is chief, or who is conspicuous for reflection. The Děmangs were the leaders of their countryman , as instanced in the well known case of Demang Lebar Daun, who led the Malays from the interior of Sumatra. This clipping of the initial letter of Adhi in composition is heard in Diyêng; and adhipati is frequently heard pro- nounced Dipati.
Démi, by; as Demi allah, by God. Demi rasul allah by the Apostle of God, by Mohammad.
Děmpét, jammed, fast between two objects.
Děmpuk. squat and fat; obese.
Děmpul, putty, lime and oil made to a paste.
Dénda, fine, penalty, mulet. Danda , C. 254, fine: forfeit , chastisement.
Déngdék, inclined, sloping, aslant. When said of the Sun, it implies some hour after noon, Mata-poi geus dengdek, the sun is aslant, it is past noon.
Déndéng, to cut the end off a bit of wood, or other object fair and square, so as not to be sloping. Cut off square at the end. Cha-ah déngdéng, a flood that comes down all at once, in a great mass of water all of a sudden, some two to four feet a breast; like what in Bangal is called the Bore, when applied to the tide.
Déngděng, repeatedly, for all that; notwithstanding some cause which ought to prevent it; nevertheless. Beunang oméan dengdeng to meunang di paké, after mending it, nevertheless it is not fit to use. ​Déngé, hear, listen, audible, To kadengé, I could not hear it. (39).
Déngékeun, to listen, to pay attention, to obey.
Děngki, envy, malice
Déngkléng, with the back curved inwards in a man or downwards in a beast.
Děungklěung or Děngklung, a tune in singing, especially with angkulungs.
Dénok, fat , in good flesh, in good case.
Děpa, reposing, crouched down as an animal when lying on the ground or asleep.
Děpét, a batten; the slips of bambu, or other substance used for securing anything together.
Děrěgděg, riving and tearing away. Slipping helplessly down a bank or any other steep place.
Dérék, relationship. Saderek, of one relationship, descent or family.
Dérép, a portion of paddy given to the reapers for their trouble in assisting to cut, which is of what they cut.
Dérigama, having suspicion; being awake to some occurrence. On the qui vive. The word is evidently Sanscrit. The nearest solution to be found in Clough is Dhairyya, C. 303 steadiness, firmness, strength, courage, boldness. Agama, C. 61 an approaching, a coming. An approaching with boldness (from being aware of deception). (40).
Děrma, benevolence, charitable feeling, liberality, moral propriety. Dharma, C. 299 of previous import. This is a great word amongst Buddhists and implies a variety of moral obligations, and the word very likely implied formerly, what it now implies in India but since the conversion of the natives to Mohammedanism , many of these obligations have become obsolete and forgotten.
Děs, the idiomatic expression of cracking or breaking, as when a thick piece of wood breaks or snaps. Des bai injén pedati, the pedaty axle broke slap in two.
(39) In Kawi exists the forms ꦝꦼꦔꦼꦴ꧈​​ děngě, and ꦉꦔꦼꦴ꧈​ rěngě; the tarung (ꦴ꧈) indicating that a letter is suppressed; this letter r, which occurs in Malay دڠر. deng’ar, and Javanese ꦝꦼꦔꦼꦂ꧈​ or ꦝꦺꦔꦼꦂ꧈​ děngěr, déngěr , in Kawi and Sundanese is suppressed because the first letter of the word is already an r or the cerebral d, which resembles in pronounciation (at least in former times) to r. The Javanese has also felt this, and we find there rung’u ꦫꦸꦔꦸ꧈​ and ꦩꦶꦝꦔꦺꦠ꧀꧈​. mi-dangět, to hear; in the first the r, is omitted in the second supplanted by t; ꦩꦶꦉꦁ꧈​. mi-rèng. is an abbreviation of Kawi ꦉꦔꦼꦴ꧈, With ꦫꦸꦔꦸ꧈​ corresponds in Kawi ꦉꦔ꧀ꦮ꧈​. rěngua. To the Sundanese déng'e is the next in form the Javanese ꦝꦺꦔꦼꦂ꧈. déngěr , but the last has got the meaning to understand , which is naturally derived from to hear , to listen. Fr.
(40) More probable is a derivation from dirgha, long, far, and ma (from ma) measuring, where with the meaning in Sundanese corresponds ; Jav. drigama or dirgama (see Gericke) , means to deny, to declare oneself faultless: also this meaning might be perhaps elicited from dirghama, but is much farther off, than the meaning attached to derigama in Sundanese. Fr, ​Désa, country, region, village-little used, and not applied to the villages as in Javanese. Desa, C. 288, a country, a region whether inhabited or uninhabited. Guru-desa, the village monitor, the constellation Pleiades. (In Bali this constellation, Kréttiká, Skr, is also the monitor for rural occupations. Fr.)
Děuděu1, a stanchion, a prop, a shore.
Děuděulěuhan, sight. See Děulěuh.
Děuděur, beaten as a path, worn smooth by frequently passing over.
Děuhěus, near, close, in proximity. Ngadeuheusan, to approach, to draw near to. Deuheus ka imah, near to the house.
Děui, again, more. Siji deui, one more. Sakali deui, once more. Deui di peupeuliken, again I told him.
Děukěut, near, close to, nigh. Deukeut ka lumbur, close to the village. (Malay děkat; Jav. (jav))
Děukěutan, to go near to, to approach.
Děukěutkěun, to bring close, to cause to come near.
Děulěuh, to see, to view ; behold! look! Deudeuleuhan, sight.
Děung'an, other people, strangers; no relation, not of our family. Di chachag deung'an, strangers have chopped him, or wounded him. Ka jéléma eta ma, děungan bai, to that man I am no way related.
Děung'děung'an, other folks, the rest of the people; some one else than ourself.
Děupa, a fathom; as much as a man can embrace with two arms extended. (Malay dépa).
Děurěus, seeing that, taking into consideration that; deureus ku anyar kénéh, seeing that it is so new. Also said of any improper act that is presumingly often repeated, Deureus teuyn sia laléwa you too often repeat your monkey tricks.
Déwa, a heathen god , divinity. Deities of the Hindu mythology. Dewa, C. 285, a deity, a god, a divine being. In old Javanese history Dewa, is often applied, as is still the case on Bali, to Kings or supreme rulers. Dewa kusuma, is the name of a King of Janggala, celebrated in Javanese romance, and Dewa Agung, is still the nominal supreme king of Bali, and ruler of the petty state of Klongkong.
Déwata, a heathen god, a deity; sometimes a demon, Dewata, C. 286 , a god, a deity, any divine person.
Déwék, I, mine. Using this word the person neither puts himself very high nor very low. It is thus a rather independent appellative of self.
Déwi, a goddess; the feminine of Dewa which see. Dewi, C. 87, the feminine of Dewa. Dewi Sri, the goddess Lakshmi , the deity of prosperity , Ceres.
Di , a particle prefixed to a verb , by which it becomes passive, in the same way as in Malay. Di béré, it was given. Di gitik, he was thrashed. Di buka, it was opened.
Di, the preposition at, in, upon. Di handap, below. Di imah, at home; Di jero, inside; Di luar, outside. By seeking in the dictionary for the word which follows di, the ​meaning will be traced. This particle Di is of extensive use and occurs in almost every sentence uttered. Di in Singhalese is used as a suffix signifying during, while. Lambrick’s Singhalese grammar, Ceylon 1834 Page 110.
Di atas, in consideration of, seeing that, as for, Di ataa sia budak ngora era, considering that you are a young man , you ought to be ashamed.
Di dahi, to shave and trim the eyebrows, so as to make them handsome in a native’s opinion.
Di dinyo, on that very spot; there with emphasis; at that critical period.
Di ditu, there, alluding to some spot at a distance.
Di diyo, here, in this place.
Diga, as, like as, resembling, like. Diga nu édan, like a madman.
Dikiran, to sing in praying, or in reading the Koran. The word is Arabic Dzikir and implies praise, thanksgiving to God. See Tahlil.
Dikso–Dikshā, C. 273 sacrificing, offering oblations, engaging in a certain course of religious austerities. NB. at the village of Dixo on the Progo river, Dipo Negoro made his first stand in the great rebellion of 1825/30, being considered a place of mystic authority and importance, which its name seems to indicate. (Dikshâ Scr. in the sense given by Clough. Very useful should be paying attention to the fact mentioned and similar ones. These fools and impostors remain the same always and every where. Fr.)
Di luar, outside, beyond, without.
Di luhur, above, on the top of.
Dim, an inch, a measure of length; the 12 part of a foot or kaki which see. Derived from the Dutch word Duim, an inch.
Di na, at, at any particular place. Di na gedong, at the chief dwelling house. Di na imah na, at his house. Di na chai, at the river. The na is the possessive pronoun, only placed before and not after the substantive.
Din, arabic, faith, religion, worship. Occurs constantly in the composition of proper names as Kamarudin, Samsudin, which see.
Dingding, anything perpendicular and flat, like a curtain, a piece of wall &c, Lancha dingding, the curtain or wall-spider from its weaving its web perpendicularly in front of caverns or other apertures, which it appears to wall up.
Dinyo, spot, place- time, moment. See Di dinyo and Ti dinyo.
Dio, and Diyo, here, this place. Di, at, Iyo, this. Ti diyo ka ditu, from this place to that.
Dipa, a word often occuring as a man’s name, or in the composition of proper names of places, or chiefs. Dipa, C. 270.an elephant. See Jambu Dipa. Adhipa, C. 24 a lord, a chief ruler. (41).
Diri, self, our own person. Diri na, your own self or person, his or herself.
Dité, the first day of an ancient Sunda weak of seven days, but derived from India. Dite is probably the same as Aditi, C 23 the wife of Kasyapa , which is one of the names of Aruna, the charioteer of the Sun. She was the mother of the gods, and also sometimes represented as the mother of the Sun. The following is a list of the names of the days of this ancient week. (42).
| Dité | is the present | Achad | or | Sunday. |
| Soma | " | Senin | " | Monday. |
| Anggara | " | Salasa | " | Tuesday. |
| Buda | " | Rěbo | " | Wednesday. |
| Raspati, | " | Khěmis | " | Thursday. |
| Suprah | style="text-align:center;"" | Jumahat | " | Friday. |
| Tumpěk | " | Saptu | " | Saturday. |
see each word voce. In Ceylon Sunday is represented by Irida the day of Ira, the Sun. C. 70. (Supra must be Sukra; Raspati is Wrihaspati. Cf. Transact. Bat. Soc. on Bali. 23. p. 51.)
Ditu, there, that place. Ti mana?' ti ditu, where do you come from? from that place.
Diya, you, thou; a milder and more friendly expression than Sia.
Diyem, properly Malay, but often heard as an order to be quiet; Silence!
Diyeng, the highest part of the Gunung Prawu , inland of Pakalongan , and where the chief monuments of Hindu antiquity in that range, are still found. The word is evidently derived from Adhi C. 24 , chief, superior , over , above and Hyang, divinity see voce. Adhi-hyang - Chief-divinity, in same way as Adhi-pati, chieflord, is formed.
Diyĕuk, to sit down, be seated. Diyĕuk di dinyo, sit down there. (43).
Doa, arabic, prayer, invocation, benediction. Ngirim doa, to invoke a benediction.
Dobol, with a bok in it ; in holes; burst out. (At Batavia it means also opened, where there ought to be no opening.)
Dodo1, a sweetmeat made of rice flour, brown sugar and cocoanut.
(42) Aditya, child of Aditi is the common name of the sun. In Dité the first syllable is cut and in the last the ya in the usual way contracted to ê. Another form is Réditi; where I am inclined to believe that the rě is only a misrepresentation of the independent commencing sound d. ( ; ) Fr.
(43) Diyeuk might be related to the Malay duduk; the Sundanese is the simple form with a prolongation of the vowel; dudok, seems to be a reduplication, and has not altered the vowel, just for reason of the reduplicating syllable. (Diyĕuk, shorter pronounced yet, than it appears from the writing, is rather monosyllabic. So (monosyllabic) are all $_"$the idiomatic expression” of this dictionary, and they will turn out to be the real roots of the greatest part of the languages of the Archipelago. But this is no sign that these languages represent a broken Sanscrit. Fr. ​Dodol, a variety of mangga so called.
Doja, to tempt, to try, to lay temptation in the way of any one.
Dokdok, a kind of fishing net attached to two sticks; it is made of fine matting so as to retain small fry.
Dokom, a small stumpy fish found in swamps or stagnant water.
Dolog, a jungle tree with a good bark for rope. Trichospermum Javanicum.
Domas, Eight hundred; literally twice four hundred. According to an old fashioned method of counting China cash, Domas is equal to 32 Dutch doits. See Samas. Domas is dua-mas = Domas. See Mas. Domas seems to be employed to denote sometimes any indefinite great number, as Harcha domas the 800 images or gods spoken of in old Javanese history, (and shown on the estate of Gadok in Buitenzorg). Kawa domas, one of the craters of the Tangkuban Prahu.
Domba, Persian, a sheep.
Dompét, a small pouch of matting for holding the ingredients of Sěuréuh, especially tobaco and gambir.
Dongdang, a cage or contrivance made of bambu to carry out eatables with dishes &c; also to carry about boxes of clothing &c. to preserve them from sun and rain.
Dongdoman, a variety of grass which bears sharp seeds in abundance, which adhere to the trousers of a person walking amongst it.
Dong'éng, a story that is told, an amusing tale; to relate laughable occurrences.
Dongkap, accomplishable, within one’s reach, anything which we have in our power to do, To bisa dongkap ka anggěus I could not bring it so far as to accomplish it.
Dongkél, a kind of pick-axe for digging out roots of trees; a narrow strong pachul. To grub up roots of trees, stones &c. &c.
Dongkol, said of a buffaloe’s horns which are pendent on each side of the head; such horns look loose and shake but are nevertheless fast to the head.
Donglak, to have obtained some injury on the body, as to have put the leg out of joint; a nail torn from its place, or the like.
Doraka, accursed, damned, vicious, malevolent, giving cause for trouble. Doraka eta jelema bang’or amat, that damned follow is very obstinate. Dur, C. 277 a prefix to words, implying bad, vicious, vile. Rakkhā C. 578. the Pali form of rakshá, to preserve, preserving, protecting. (Durâka a barbarian; cf. dhûrtta and dhûrttaka, a rogue, a cheat.)
Dosa, sin, crime, guilt. Dosa, C. 289, crime, guilt, sin, offence, defect.
Dosol, a lump or excrescence growing out from the body, particularly the belly, which often becomes an unhealing wound. Buffaloes frequently have them on the belly.
Doyong, inclined, threatening to fall.
Dramaga, an earthen dam to contain water; an earthen dam serving as an aqueduct. Probably derived from Druma, C. 294, a tree in general, and Ga from Gama C. 167 going, moving: thus Druma-ga going in a tree, slightly altered to Dramaga, passing ​along a hollow tree or a spout. I am indebted to Mr. Friederich for this suggestion.
Dua, two, Duwa, C. 280 the number two, Very likely derived from Ruwa , C. 597, an image , and modified to mean similarity, parity. In many Polynesian languages this word becomes Rua; it is even heard in Javanese in the word Loro, two. Rua is the word for two in the languages of the Lampungs, Makasar, Saparua, Timur; and Lemaire gives it as occurring in New Guinea, and the Isle de Moyse. Wilson and Keate found it in the shape of Oru at the Pelew Islands, Mariner gives Ua for the Tonga Isles , and Ua is heard at the Marquesas, and lua at the Sandwich Isles. Bourgaine-ville gives Aroua for Tahiti. (Rua might be the original Polynesian word ; but dua is certainly introduced by the Hindus, (duo, two), whose numerals are yet known in the more civilised part of the Archipelago. Fr.)
Duablas, twelve; also Dua wĕlas,
Duapuluh, twenty.
Duduh, to accuse, to impeach, to indicate as , to charge, to point out as having done any particular act. Di duduh maling, he accused him of stealing.
Duduk, seated, habituated, to become settled, accustomed, Di gawé éta geus duduk ayeuna, he has now become habituated to the work, Batu na geus duduk, the stone is seated fixed in its place. (See Diyĕuk. The meaning here given to duduk will not contradict to his being a reduplication. Fr.)
Dudukui, a cover for the head made of bambu, called in Malay Tudung.
Dudul, as Kuda si dudul, the war steed of Bagind’ali or His Highness Ali, the son in law of Mohammad.
Duduluran, to treat as a brother; to be on brotherly terms - see Dulur.
Dudur, a piece of wood in a roof which occupies the centre of tie beams, reaching from the apex to the middle of the base.
Dudut, a bird so called; the Centropus Bubutos of Horsfield.
Dudut, to pull the feathers off a bird, or the hair off an animal, as preparatory to cooking.
Dudutan, to put in order, to arrange.
Dug, the idiomatic expression of fixing oneself down to any place, of taking up one’s abode. Dug di imahan, and there he put up a house. Also of striking a drum or Bĕdug: Dug ngabedug, and bang he struck the drum.
Duga, to undertake, to reckon to be able; power or ability to do anything. To guess.
Duga-duga, to calculate the chances; to think to be able.
Dugal, a lump, a clod.
Dugĕl, a bundle of Paddy in some places, particularly in South Bantam.
Duhung, the bis of a great man. Duhung kiai Tumunggung the kris of his honour the Tumumggung.
Duit or Duwit, a doit Dutch, Duit, The word is used to express $_"$Money” generally. To bogah duit, I have no money. ​Duka, sorrow; Duka, C. 275, sorrow, pain, misery, distress, affliction; derived from Du or Dur, C. 277, a prefix to words implying-bad , vicious, vile, and Kha, C. 743 an affection of the mind, an organ of sense. Duka, means also in a polite way, I do not know. (Skr. duhkha in the sense given; duh + kha, bad heaven, as if we would say bad weather; opposite sukha, good heaven, a fine sky. Fr.)
Duku, the name of a fruit tree and its fruit. Lansium Domesticum.
Dukuh, a grove, a small plantation of fruit trees: a dwelling in a grove apart from the regular village. A hamlet.
Dukun, a native doctor who is mostly an old woman. A midwife. A person, mostly a man, who says incantations for the success of any work. In Bali, a Sudra who has obtained some sanctity by fasting, and can cure disease, or do the village religious service. Tijds. voor Ned. Indié 1849. 3. Page 322 and 358.
Dulang, the wooden trough or bowl in which warm and fresh boiled rice undergoes the process of Akeul or kneading.
Dulhaji, the twelfth or last month of the Mohammedan year. The month in which at Mecca, the pilgrims to the Kabah become Hadji, which see.
Dulkahidah, the Eleventh Mohammedan month. This month is also more generally called Bulan Hapit.
Dulpakar, the Sword of Bagind'Ali, the son inlaw of Mohammad. Properly zu'l-fakar, Marsden 141, the famous double bladed sword of Ali.
Dulur, a brother or sister. Often used in a vague sense towards a person who is not really a blood relation. When they explain themselves the natives say- Dulur teměn sa indung sa bapa, a real brother of the same mother and father. Dulur may be derived from Di ulur. Ulur, to ease off, to slacken off, to let loose. The word also sometimes occurs as Sadulur, which will mean- „of one easing off”- or „of one letting loose”- in allusion to coming from a common parent. The Sudara of Malay for brother or sister is the Sodara of Clough Page 767. Sa with or common, udara, belly; a brother of the whole blood, a uterine brother.
Duminian, insect found in old forests which makes a loud screaming noise.
Dunak, a large rice basket, such as used in rice mills.
Dung'uk, to be seen in a heap; looming in a round heap; a slang expression for residing or living at. Di mana dung'uk na where does he hang out, or more literally where is he seen coiled in a heap? as the natives frequently are in their houses, folded up in their Sarungs.
Dung'us, a clump of trees standing by themselves.
Dunya, arabic, the world, in contradistinction to heaven. Earthly desires or goods. Geus to ngurus dunya, he no longer pays any attention to worldly matters.
Dupa, perfume, a composition of various sweet semlling materials, which are burnt in the houses as a perfume. Dhupa, C. 753, incense. Dupa, C. 277 smoke. (Dhûpa Scr.) ​Dupak, to kick down or away, to stamp on; to kick under foot.
Dupuh, ill, so as not to be able to get up. Stretched in sickness.
Dur, the idiomatic expression of the report of a gun; the clang of quarrelling; the dull report of any weight, as a stone rolled down a hill. (See dardur).
Durga, C. 278. A goddess of that name, also called Kali; the wife of Siva, and mother of Kartikeya , the Indian god of war and of Ganesa , the Indian god of wisdom. She is also called Uma, and Parvati &c. and as Durga she is a goddess of terrific form and irascible temper. Derived from Dur, difficult, Ga, going, or to be gone C. 278.
Durias, Telinga- coarse Muslin, lappels, stuff for bed curtains, open enough to admit air, yet close enough to keep out mosquitoes.
Duruk, to pile and burn. After a piece of fallen forest has been set fire to, the boughs are heaped together, and then burnt- this is Duruk.
Durukan, a place where wood has been piled and burnt.
Dusta, false, untrue. Dushta, C. 280, low, vile, wicked, bad, vicious. (Therefrom comes the Malay justa, to ly. On Bali the original form is used.)
Dusun, stupid, clownish. In Sumatra the villages are called Dusun, and no doubt the origin of the word Dusun in Sunda is derived from villagers being clownish, as compared with people from towns of larger places.
Duta. a messenger; occurs in Samudraduta, a character in old romance. Samudra, C. 711, the sea, the ocean; Duta, C. 281, a messenger, a carrier.
Du-ugan, a young cocoanut in which the pulp is hardly set, but of which the milk is fresh and pleasant.
Du-um, to divide, to portion out.
Du-uman, a share, an allotment.
Duwit, a doit, a small copper coin; money. Dutch Duit.
* ↑ It does not occur in the Amara Cosha, in Wilson, and in Bopp's Glossarium. The other Sanscrit dictionaries are not at hand. Fr.
* ↑ (41) Dwipa, two times drinking; an elephant; an island. But Dipa a lamp, from dip, to shine, to have a lustre. Where the word means island, it is naturally a corruption of Dwipa. In the proper name of man it might mean the sun, or be the same as adhipa. Fr.