OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lacy, Gilbert de Lacy

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lacy, Gilbert de Lacy, 1s. Charles, of Tring, Herts, cler. Magdalen Coll., matric. 25 June, 1852, aged 18; served with 63rd regiment in the Crimean War, etc., died in South Africa 7 June, 1878. See Robinson, 290.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lacy, Henry Richard de Lacy

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lacy, Henry Richard de Lacy, 4s. Henry, of Petersfield, Hants, arm. Non-Coll., matric. 7 March, 1879, aged 33; B.A. from New Coll. 1882, M.A. 1885.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lacy, Henry Charles

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lacy, Henry Charles, 2s. Henry Charles, of Manchester, arm. Queen's Coll., matric. 11 March, 1841, aged 18.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Letsome, Sampson

From volume 3 of the work.
​Letsome, Sampson, s. Sampson, of St. Martin's, Worcester (city), gent. Magdalen Hall, matric. 23 Feb., 1721-2, aged 18; B.A. 1725, M.A. 1728.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lett, Charles

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lett, Charles, o.s. James, of Peckham, Surrey, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 8 April, 1829, aged 17.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethieullier, Smart

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethieullier, Smart, s. John, of Little Ilford, Essex, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 19 Feb., 1719-20, aged 18; created M.A. 11 July, 1723, of Aldersbrook, Essex, died 27 Aug., 1760.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lett, Thomas

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lett, Thomas, 'butler of Hertford College;' privilegiatus 26 Jan., 1762.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Letts, Ernest Frederick

From volume 3 of the work.
​Letts, Ernest Frederick (B.A. from Trinity Coll., Dublin, 1874), 4s. Thomas, of Sydenham, Kent, gent. St. Edmund Hall, incorp. 25 Jan., 1871, aged 20: chaplain of St. Edward's School, Oxford, 1875-8, and of New College 1877-8, minor canon and precentor of Manchester Cathedral 1878-85, rector of Newton Heath since 1885.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethbridge, John King

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethbridge, John King, 2s. John King, of Tregearc, near Launceston, Cornwall, arm. Wadham Coll., matric. 18 June, 1862, aged 18; B.A. 1867, M.A. 1869, vicar of Laneast, Cornwall, 1870-6, chaplain in the army since 1876.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethbridge, Sir Roper

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethbridge, Sir Roper (formerly Ebenezer), 1s. Ebenezer, of Plymouth, Devon, arm. Exeter Coll., matric. 1 Feb., 1859, aged 18; exhibitioner 1859-60, scholar 1860, B.A. 1863, M.A. 1866, bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1880, C.I.E. 1878, knighted by patent 14 Sep., 1885, sometime principal of Krishnagur College, Bengal, late government press commissioner India, and political agent India Office 1878, fellow Calcutta University, editor of Calcutta Quarterly Review 1871-8, M.P. North Kensington 1885. See Foster's Men at the Bar & Coll. Reg., 158.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethbridge, Thomas Prowse

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethbridge, Thomas Prowse, 3s. Thomas Buckler, of Crawley, Hants, baronet. Christ Church, matric. 14 June, 1828, aged 18; B.A. 1833, rector of Broad Nymet, Devon, 1837-45, of Bow (alias Nymet Tracy) 1839-45, and of Combe Florey, Somerset, 1845, until his death 27 June, 1851. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethbridge, William

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethbridge, William, o.s. Charles Henry, of Hornby, Lancashire, gent. Brasenose Coll., matric. 19 Oct., 1882, aged 18; B.A. 1888.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Lethieullier, Charles

From volume 3 of the work.
​Lethieullier, Charles, s. John, of London, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 15 Aug., 1728, aged 15; B.C.L. from All Souls' Coll. 1735, D.C.L 1740, bar.-at-law, Lincoln's Inn, 1739, died 10 Dec., 1759. See Berry's Kent.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macleod, Norman Cranstoun

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macleod, Norman Cranstoun, 3s. Robert Bruce Æneas, of Invergordon, co. Ross, arm. New Coll., matric. 16 Oct., 1885, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macleod, William

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macleod, William, s. John, of Gateshead, co. Durham, arm. University Coll., matric. 16 Oct., 1802, aged 20; B.A. 1808, M.A. 1835, bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1812.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macleod, Rev. Henry Crawford Crichton

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macleod, Rev. Henry Crawford Crichton, 1s. Henry Dunning, of Boulogne-sur-Mer, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 18 Oct., 1876, aged 19; exhibitioner 1876-81, B.A. 1881, M.A. 1884.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Maclnnes, Miles

From volume 3 of the work.
​Maclnnes, Miles, 1s. John, of London, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 22 March, 1849, aged 19; B.A. 1852, M.A. 1856, of Rickerby, Cumberland, J.P., D.L., M.P. Northumberland, Hexham division, Dec., 1885. See Rugby School Rep., 245.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macleroy, Arthur Lloyd

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macleroy, Arthur Lloyd, 1s. Alexander Crawford, of Glasgow, arm. St. Mary Hall, matric. 27 Jan., 1872, aged 18; scholar 1872-5, B.A. & M.A. 1879.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Maclure, Edward Craig

From volume 3 of the work.
​Maclure, Edward Craig, 1s. John, of Manchester, arm. Brasenose Coll., matric. 28 Jan., 1852, aged 18; scholar 1852-6, B.A. 1856, M.A. 1858, vicar of Habergham Eaves 1863-77, and of Rochdale since 1877.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macmillan, Alexander (2)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macmillan, Alexander, created M.A. 25 March, 1881, late publisher to the university.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Maclure, Edward St. John

From volume 3 of the work.
​Maclure, Edward St. John, 1s. Edward Craig, of Burnley, Lancashire, cler. Keble Coll., matric. 16 Oct., 1883, aged 19; died 2 Sep., 1887.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macmillan, Alexander (1)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macmillan, Alexander, 2s. John, of Newton Stewart, Scotland, gent. Brasenose Coll., matric. 15 Oct., 1864, aged 19; scholar 1864-8, B.A. 1868, M.A. 1873, of the Indian Civil Service 1866, joint magistrate and deputy collector Allahabad, bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1883. See Foster's Men at the Bar.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Macmillan, Malcolm Kingsley

From volume 3 of the work.
​Macmillan, Malcolm Kingsley, 1s. Alexander, of Cambridge, gent. Balliol Coll., matric. 20 Oct., 1875, aged 22; B.A. & M.A. 1884, a student of the Inner Temple 1884.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Miland, John (1)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Miland, John, 'blacksmith and wheel-tire maker;' privilegiatus 7 March, 1747-8.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milborne, George

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milborne, George, s. Charles, of Hackney, Middlesex, arm. New Coll., matric. 22 June, 1716, aged 17; bar.-at-law, Middle Temple, 1724 (his father of Wonaston, co. Monmouth), father of the last named.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Mildert, William Van

From volume 3 of the work.
​Mildert, William Van, s. Cornelius, of St. Mary Newington, Surrey, gent. Queen's Coll., matric. 21 Feb., 1784, aged 18; B.A. 1787, M.A. 1790, B. & D.D. 1813, Boyle lecturer 1804, Bampton lecturer 1813, regius professor of divinity and canon of Christ Church 1813-20. rector of Bradden, Northants, 1795-6, of St. Mary-le-Bow, London, 1796, vicar of Farningham, Kent, 1807, preacher of Lincoln's Inn 1812, bishop of Llandaff 1819-26, and dean of St. Paul's 1820, bishop of Durham 1826, until his death 21 Feb., 1836, founder of the University of Durham. See Robinson, 146.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Mildmay, (Sir) Henry (Carew) St. John (Bart.)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Mildmay, (Sir) Henry (Carew) St. John (Bart.), s. Henry Paulet St. John, of Twyford, Hants, baronet. Christ Church, matric. 28 Jan., 1805, aged 17; 4th baronet, M.P. Winchester 1807-18, died 17 Jan., 1848. See Foster's Baronetage & Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milbank, Mark (1)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milbank, Mark, s. Acclome, of Barningham, Yorks, gent. Lincoln Coll., matric. 15 June, 1715. aged 16; died 26 April, 1758. See Foster's Yorkshire Collection.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milbank, Mark (2)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milbank, Mark, s. William, of Thorpe, near Bedale, Yorks, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 6 Nov., 1813, aged 18; of Thorpe Perrow and Barningham Park, Yorks, high sheriff 1832, M.P. Camelford, 1818-19, 1820-32, died 21 Oct., 1881. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milborne, Charles

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milborne, Charles, s. George, of Red Lyon Square, Middlesex, arm. New Coll., matric. 29 Nov., 1754, aged 18.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Miland, John (2)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Miland, John, 'blacksmith;' privilegiatus 21 Nov., 1758.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milbanke, (Sir) Peniston (Bart.)

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milbanke, (Sir) Peniston (Bart.), born at Munich, Bavaria, 1s. John Ralph, baronet Christ Church, matric. 7 June, 1865, aged 18; 9th baronet. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Milborne, Samuel Lambert

From volume 3 of the work.
​Milborne, Samuel Lambert, s. Samuel, of Blandford, Dorset, gent. Oriel Coll., matric. 16 May, 1743, aged 19; B.A. from Merton Coll. 1747.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agathangelus

See also Agathangelos on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AGATHANGELUS, Aganthange or Akathankalos, Armenian historian, lived during the 4th century, and wrote a History of the Reign of Dertad, or Tiridates, and of the Preaching of St Gregory the Illuminator. The text of this history has been considerably altered, but it has always been in high favour with the Armenians. It has been translated into several languages, and Greek and Latin translations are found in the Acta Sanctorum Bollandistarum, tome viii. As known to us the history consists of three parts, a history of St Gregory and his companions, the doctrine of Gregory, and the conversion of Armenia to Christianity.
See V. Langlois, Collection des historiens anciens et modernes de l’Arménie (Paris, 1868).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agassiz, Alexander Emanuel

See also Alexander Agassiz on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AGASSIZ, ALEXANDER EMANUEL (1835–1910), American man of science, son of J. L. R. Agassiz, was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, on the 17th of December 1835. He came to the ​United States with his father in 1846; graduated at Harvard in 1855, subsequently studying engineering and chemistry, and taking the degree of bachelor of science at the Lawrence scientific school of the same institution in 1857; and in 1859 became an assistant in the United States Coast Survey. Thenceforward he became a specialist in marine ichthyology, but devoted much time to the investigation, superintendence and exploitation of mines, being superintendent of the Calumet and Hecla copper mines, Lake Superior, from 1866 to 1869, and afterwards, as a stockholder, acquiring a fortune, out of which he gave to Harvard, for the museum of comparative zoology and other purposes, some $500,000. In 1875 he surveyed Lake Titicaca, Peru, examined the copper mines of Peru and Chile, and made a collection of Peruvian antiquities for that museum, of which he was curator from 1874 to 1885. He assisted Sir Wyville Thomson in the examination and classification of the collections of the “Challenger” exploring expedition, and wrote the Review of the Echini (2 vols., 1872–1874) in the reports. Between 1877 and 1880 he took part in the three dredging expeditions of the steamer “Blake,” of the United States Coast Survey, and presented a full account of them in two volumes (1888). Of his other writings on marine zoology, most are contained in the bulletins and memoirs of the museum of comparative zoology; but he published in 1865 (with Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, his stepmother) Seaside Studies in Natural History, a work at once exact and stimulating, and in 1871 Marine Animals of Massachusetts Bay.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agatharchus

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​AGATHARCHUS, an Athenian painter of the 5th century B.C. He is said by Vitruvius to have been the first to paint a scene for the acting of tragedies. Hence some writers, such as Karl Woermann, have supposed that he introduced perspective and illusion into painting. This is a mistaken view, for ancient writers know nothing of canvas scenes; the background painted by Agatharchus was the wooden front of the stage building, and it was painted, not with reference to any particular play, but as a permanent decorative background, representing no doubt a palace or temple. Agatharchus is said to have been seized by Alcibiades and compelled by him to paint the interior of his house, which shows that at the time (about 435 B.C.) decorative painting of rooms was the fashion.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agathias

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​AGATHIAS (c. A.D. 536–582), of Myrina in Aeolis, Greek poet and historian. He studied law at Alexandria, completed his training at Constantinople and practised as an advocate (scholasticus) in the courts. Literature, however, was his favourite pursuit. He wrote a number of short love-poems in epic metre, called Daphniaca. He next put together a kind of anthology, containing epigrams by earlier and contemporary poets and himself, under the title of a Cycle of New Epigrams. About a hundred epigrams by Agathias have been preserved in the Greek Anthology and show considerable taste and elegance. After the death of Justinian (565), some of Agathias’s friends persuaded him to write the history of his own times. This work, in five books, begins where Procopius ends, and is the chief authority for the period 552–558. It deals chiefly with the struggles of the Byzantine army, under the command of the eunuch Narses, against the Goths, Vandals; Franks and Persians. The author prides himself on his honesty and impartiality, but he is lacking in judgment and knowledge of facts; the work, however, is valuable from the importance of the events of which it treats. Gibbon contrasts Agathias as “a poet and rhetorician” with Procopius “a statesman and soldier.”
Authorities.—Editio princeps, by B. Vulcanius (1594); in the Bonn Corpus Scriptorum Byz. Hist., by B. G. Niebuhr (1828); in Migne, Patrologia Graeca, lxxxviii.; L. Dindorf, Historici Graeci Minores (1871); W. S. Teuffel, “Agathias von Myrine,” in Philologus (i. 1846); C. Krumbacher, Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur (2nd ed. 1897).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agathocles

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​AGATHOCLES (361–289 B.C.), tyrant of Syracuse, was born at Thermae Himeraeae (mod. Termini Imerese) in Sicily. The son of a potter who had removed to Syracuse, he learned his father’s trade, but afterwards entered the army. In 333 he married the widow of his patron Damas, a distinguished and wealthy citizen. He was twice banished for attempting to overthrow the oligarchical party in Syracuse (q.v.); in 317 he returned with an army of mercenaries under a solemn oath to observe the democratic constitution which was then set up. Having banished or murdered some 10,000 citizens, and thus made himself master of Syracuse, he created a strong army and fleet and subdued the greater part of Sicily. War with Carthage followed. In 310 Agathocles, defeated and besieged in Syracuse, took the desperate resolve of breaking through the blockade and attacking the enemy in Africa. After several victories he was at last completely defeated (306) and fled secretly to Sicily. After concluding peace with Carthage, Agathocles styled himself king of Sicily, and established his rule over the Greek cities of the island more firmly than ever. Even in his old age he displayed the same restless energy, and is said to have been meditating a fresh attack on Carthage at the time of his death. His last years were harassed by ill-health and the turbulence of his grandson Archagathus, at whose instigation he is said to have been poisoned; according to others, he died a natural death. He was a born leader of mercenaries, and, although he did not shrink from cruelty to gain his ends, he afterwards showed himself a mild and popular “tyrant.”
See Justin xxii., xxiii.; Diodorus Siculus xix., xxi., xxii. (follows generally Timaeus who had a special grudge against Agathocles); Polybius ix. 23; Schubert, Geschichte des Agathokles (1887); Grote, History of Greece, ch. 97; also Sicily, History.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agatho

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​AGATHO, pope from 678 to 681, was born in Sicily. He is noteworthy as the pope who ordered St Wilfrid to be restored to his bishopric at York in 679, and as the first to cease payment of the tribute hitherto paid on election to the emperor at Constantinople. It was during his pontificate that the 6th oecumenical council was held at Constantinople, to which he sent his legates and those from a Roman council held in 679. Agatho died on the 10th of January 681.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agatha, Saint

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​AGATHA, SAINT, the patron saint of Catania, Sicily, where her festival is celebrated on the 5th of February. The legend is that she was a native of Sicily (probably of Catania, though Palermo also claims her), of noble birth and great beauty. She repelled the advances of the Roman prefect sent by the emperor Decius to govern Sicily, and was by his orders brutally tortured and finally sent to the stake. As soon as the fire was lighted, an earthquake occurred, and the people insisted on her release. She died in prison on the 5th of February 251. The rescue of Catania from fire during an eruption of Mount Etna was later attributed to St Agatha’s veil.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agatharchides

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​AGATHARCHIDES, or Agatharcus, of Cnidus, Greek historian and geographer, lived in the time of Ptolemy Philometor (181–146 B.C.) and his successors. Amongst other works, he wrote treatises on Asia, Europe and The Red Sea. Interesting extracts from the last, of some length, are preserved in Photius (cod. 213), who praises the style of the author, which was modelled on that of Thucydides.
See H. Leopoldi, De Agatharchide Cnidio Dissertatio (1892); C. W. Müller, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, iii., and Geographi Graeci Minores, i.; E. H. Bunbury, Hist, of Ancient Geography, ii. (1879).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Afterglow

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​AFTERGLOW, a broad high arch of whitish or rosy light appearing occasionally in the sky above the highest clouds in the hour of deepening twilight, or reflected from the high snowfields in mountain regions long after sunset. The phenomenon is due to very fine particles of dust suspended in the high regions of the atmosphere that produce a scattering effect upon the component parts of white light. After the eruption of Krakatoa in 1883, a remarkable series of red sunsets appeared all over the world. These were due to an enormous amount of exceedingly fine dust blown to a great height by that terrific explosion, and then universally diffused by the high atmospheric currents.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Afzelius, Arvid August

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​AFZELIUS, ARVID AUGUST (1785–1871), Swedish pastor, poet, historian and mythologist, was born on the 8th of October 1785. From 1828 till his death on the 25th of September 1871 he was parish priest of Enköping. He is mainly known as a collaborator with the learned historian, Erik Gustaf Geijer, in the great collection of Swedish folk-songs, Svenske folkirsor från forntiden, 3 vols. (Stockholm, 1814–1816). He published also translations of the Sämunder Edda and Herwara-Saga, and a history of Sweden to Charles XII. (of which a German translation was published in 1842), as well as original poems.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/African Lily

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​AFRICAN LILY (Agapanthus umbellatus), a member of the natural order Liliaceae, a native of the Cape of Good Hope, whence it was introduced at the close of the 17th century. It is a handsome greenhouse plant, which is hardy in the south of England and Ireland if protected from severe frosts. It has a short stem bearing a tuft of long, narrow, arching leaves, 1/2 to 2 ft. long, and a central flower-stalk, 2 to 3 ft. high, ending in an umbel of bright blue, funnel-shaped flowers. The plants are easy to cultivate, and are generally grown in large pots or tubs which can be protected from frost in winter. During the summer they require plenty of water, and are very effective on the margins of lakes or running streams, where they thrive admirably. They increase by offsets, or may be propagated by dividing the root-stock in early spring or autumn. A number of forms are known in cultivation; such are albidus, with white flowers, aureus, with leaves striped with yellow, and variegatus, with leaves almost entirely white with a few green bands. There are also double-flowered and larger and smaller flowered forms.