OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Manning, James

​MANNING, JAMES (1781–1886), serjeant-at-law, born in 1781, was son of James Manning; unitarian minister, Exeter, by Lydia, daughter of John Edge of Bristol. He early acquired a familiarity with history, antiquities, and the European languages, was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn 28 June 1817, and went the western circuit, of which he was for many years the leader. ​His reputation rested mainly upon his learning. He was no orator, and his powers of advocacy were slight; but as a junior he obtained much business. By his knowledge of copyhold law he secured a perpetual retainer from the lord of the manor of Taunton Dean, Somerset, whose rights were the subject of continual litigation. He enjoyed the friendship of Lords Brougham and Denman, and rendered them assistance in the defence of Queen Caroline. He was appointed recorder of Sudbury in 1835, and recorder of Oxford and Banbury in November 1837, three offices which he held till his death. He was raised to the degree of a serjeant-at-law 19 Feb. 1840, received a patent of precedence April 1845, and was made queen's ancient serjeant in 1846. This dignity, revived at his own suggestion, after a long interval of dormancy, entitled him to a seat in the House of Lords, ex officio, but gave him no right of speaking, unless consulted, or of voting. He became judge of the Whitechapel County Court in March 1847, from which he retired in February 1863 on a pension of 700l. He died at 44 Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London, on 29 Aug. 1866. He was twice married: first, on 7 Sept. 1820, to Clarissa, daughter of William Palmer of Kimbolton, Herefordshire (she died 15 Dec. 1847, aged 51); and secondly, on 3 Dec. 1857, to Charlotte, daughter of Isaac Solly of Leyton, Essex, and widow of William Speir, M.D., of Calcutta (she died 1 April 1871).
Manning was the author of:
* ‘A Digested Index to the Nisi Prius Reports of T. Peake, I. Espinasse, and Lord Campbell, with Notes and References,’ 1813.
* ‘The Practice of the Exchequer of Pleas, Appendix,’ 1816.
* ‘A Digest of the Nisi Prius Reports, with Notes and References,’ 1820.
* ‘The Practice of the Court of Exchequer, Revenue Branch,’ 1827, with an appendix containing an inquiry into the tenure of the conventionary estates in Cornwall, 1827.
* ‘Serviens ad Legem: a Report of Proceedings … in relation to a Warrant for the Suppression of the Antient Privileges of the Serjeants-at-Law,’ 1840.
* ‘Cases in the Court of Common Pleas, 1841–6,’ 7 vols. (with T. C. Granger).
* ‘Observations on the Debate to make lawful Marriages within certain of the Prohibited Degrees of Affinity,’ 1854.
* ‘An Inquiry into the Character and Origin of the Possessive Augment in English and in cognate Dialects,’ 1864.
* ‘Thoughts upon Subjects connected with Parliamentary Reform,’ 1866.
With Archer Ryland he wrote
With T. C. Granger and J. Scott he wrote
[Law Mag. and Law Review, 1866, xxii. 174; Law Times, 1866, xli. 767, 808.]
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mannin, James

​MANNIN, JAMES (d. 1779), flower-painter, was a native of France. He settled in Dublin, where he practised as a flower-painter, and obtained such distinction in his ornamental compositions that in 1746 he was appointed to the office of master in the class of ornament and flower-painting in the newly established drawing academy of the Dublin Society in Shaw's Court, Dublin. Many artists who subsequently attained distinction were his pupils. Mannin was a contributor to the exhibitions of the Society of Artists in Ireland in 1765 and other years. He died in Dublin in 1779.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Pasquin's Artists of Ireland; Gilbert's Hist. of Dublin, ii. 291.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Manning, Samuel (1822-1881)

​MANNING, SAMUEL (1822–1881), baptist minister, was born at Leicester in 1822. His father, who was several times mayor of Leicester, acted for many years as churchwarden of St. Martin's in that town, but subsequently left the church of England, and with his family attended the ministry of Mr. Mursell, a well-known baptist preacher. After a short business career in Liverpool, Manning entered in 1840 the Baptist College at Bristol. In 1846, having completed his education at Glasgow University, he became a baptist minister at Sheppard's Barton, Frome, Somerset, where he remained until 1861. During his pastorate he contributed largely to denominational as well as to general literature, and was for some years editor of the 'Baptist Magazine.' In 1863 he became the general book editor of the Religious Tract Society, and when, in 1876, it was resolved that in future there should be two secretaries of the society, Manning was unanimously chosen one of them. He died at 35 Ladbroke Grove, London, on 13 Sept. 1881. He had frequently refused an offer of the degree of D.D., but a few years before his death he accepted the diploma of LL.D. from the university of Chicago.
Manning contributed to 'The Church' a series of papers called 'Infidelity tested by Fact,' reissued in book form in 1850; edited selections from the 'Prose Writings' of John Milton (1862); and projected the well-known series of illustrated books of travel published by the Religious Tract Society.
[Guardian, 21 Sept. 1881, p. 1309; Bookseller, 5 Oct. 1881, p. 885; Baptist Mag. lxxiii. 479.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Manning, Marie

​MANNING, MARIE (1821–1849), murderess, whose maiden name was Marie de Roux, was born at Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1821, and entered domestic service in England. At first maid to Lady Palk of Haldon House, Devonshire, she entered the service of Lady Blantyre at Stafford House in 1846, and on 27 May 1847 married, at St. James's Church, Piccadilly, Frederick George Manning, a publican. She had previously made the acquaintance of Patrick O'Connor, a gauger in the London Docks, and this friendship was continued after her marriage. On 9 Aug. 1849 O'Connor dined with the Mannings at their house, 3 Miniver Place, Bermondsey. Husband and wife, according to a preconcerted plan, thereupon murdered their guest and buried his body under the flagstones in the kitchen. On the same day Mrs. Manning visited O'Connor's lodgings, Greenwood Street, Mile End Road, and repeated the visit next day, stealing the dead man's railway scrip and money. The police on 17 Aug. discovered O'Connor's remains, and soon after apprehended his murderers. They were tried at the Old Bailey on 25 and 26 Oct., found guilty, and executed at Horsemonger Lane Gaol on 13 Nov. Mrs. Manning wore a black satin dress on the scaffold, a fact which caused that material to become unpopular for many years. Charles Dickens wrote a letter to the ‘Times’ on the wickedness and levity of the mob during the execution. Mademoiselle Hortense, Lady Dedlock's waiting-woman in ‘Bleak House,’ was suggested to Dickens by Mrs. Manning's career.
[Times, 18 Aug. 1849 et seq., 26, 27, and 29 Oct.; Central Criminal Court, Minutes of Evidence, 1849, xxx. 654–79; Celebrated Crimes and Criminals, 1890, pp. 51–72; Donald Nicoll's Man's Revenge, 1890, pp. 71–83; C. Dickens's The Story of his Life, 1870, p. 214; Huish's Progress of Crime, 1849, with portrait; Trial of G. and M. Manning, 1849, with portraits.]
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gaunt, Elizabeth

​GAUNT, ELIZABETH (d. 1685), executed for treason, was the wife of William Gaunt, a yeoman of the parish of St. Mary's, Whitechapel. She was an anabaptist, and, according to Burnet, spent her life doing good, ‘visiting gaols, and looking after the poor of every persuasion.’ In the reign of Charles II she had taken pity on one Burton, outlawed for his part in the Rye House plot. Though she was a poor woman, keeping a ​tallow-chandler's shop, she gave him money to escape to Amsterdam. Burton returned with Monmouth, and after the defeat at Sedgemoor fled to London, where Mrs. Gaunt hid him in her house. Burton was base enough to earn a pardon by informing against his benefactress. Mrs. Gaunt was indicted for high treason, and tried at the Old Bailey on 19 Oct. Henry Cornish [q. v.] was tried at the same time. She was convicted and burnt at Tyburn (23 Oct. 1685). She suffered with great courage; Penn, the quaker, who was present at her execution, described how she laid the straw about her in order that she might burn quickly, and by her constancy and cheerfulness melted the bystanders into tears (Burnet, Own Time, ii. 270). She said that she rejoiced to be the first martyr that suffered by fire in this reign; but in a paper which she wrote in Newgate the day before her death laid her blood at the door of the ‘furious judge and the unrighteous jury.’ She was the last woman executed in England for a political offence. Her speech from the stake appeared in both English and Dutch at Amsterdam, 1685.
E. T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gauntlett, Henry (1762-1833)

​GAUNTLETT, HENRY (1762–1833), divine, was born at Market Lavington, Wiltshire, on 15 March 1762, and educated at the grammar school of West Lavington, under the care of the Rev. Mr. Marks. After leaving school he was idle for some years, till, by the advice of the Rev. Sir James Stonehouse, he decided to enter the established church, and after three years' preparation was ordained in 1786, and became curate of Tilshead and Imber, villages about four miles distant from Lavington. He remained in this neighbourhood, adding to his income by taking pupils, till 1800, when he married Arabella, the daughter of Edward Davies, rector of Coychurch, Glamorganshire, and removed to the curacy of Botley, near Southampton. He left Botley in 1804 for the curacy of Wellington, Shropshire, which he occupied for a year, and then took charge of a chapel at Reading, Berkshire, not under episcopal jurisdiction. In two years' time he removed to the curacy of Nettlebed and Pishill, Oxfordshire, and thence in 1811 to Olney, Buckinghamshire. In 1815 the vicar of Olney died, and Gauntlett obtained the living, which he held till his death in 1833. Gauntlett was a close friend of Rowland Hill, and an important supporter of the evangelical revival in the English church, in company with his predecessors at Olney, John Newton and Thomas Scott. He published several sermons during his lifetime, and in 1821 ‘An Exposition of the Book of Revelation,’ 8vo, which rapidly passed through three editions, and brought its author the sum of 700l. The second edition contained a letter in refutation of the opinion of ‘Basilicus,’ published in the ‘Jewish Expositor,’ that during the millennium Christ would personally reign. In 1836 the Rev. Thomas Jones published an abridgment of this entitled ‘The Interpreter; a Summary View of the Revelation of St. John … founded on … H. Gauntlett's Exposition,’ &c., 12mo. After Gauntlett's death a collection of his sermons, in two volumes 8vo, (1835), was published, to which a lengthy memoir by his daughter Catherine is prefixed. The appendix reprints portions of a rare work upon the career of John Mason of Water Stratford, Buckinghamshire, and thirty-eight letters written by William Cowper to Teedon [see under Cowper, William, 1731–1800]. Gauntlett published several collections of hymns for his parishioners. His son Henry John, the composer, is noticed below.
[The Memoir mentioned above; Brit. Mus. Cat. under ‘Catherine T. Gauntlett’ and ‘H. Gauntlett.’]
R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gatliff, James

​GATLIFF, JAMES (1766–1831), clergyman, the son of James Gatliff of Manchester, ‘chapman,’ was baptised at St. Anne's Church, Manchester, 20 Sept. 1766, and educated at the Manchester grammar school. After serving in the militia he took holy orders, and in 1802, through the influence of his brother John, who was a fellow of the Manchester Collegiate Church, obtained the stipendiary curacy of Gorton Chapel near Manchester, and subsequently the incumbency of St. Thomas's Chapel, Heaton Norris. In 1808 he succeeded to the perpetual curacy of Gorton. He published a new edition of William Wogan's ‘Essay on the Proper Lessons,’ with a memoir of the author, 4 vols., 1818, which involved him in pecuniary difficulties with his publisher, and led to his imprisonment for debt and the sequestration of his living. After his liberation he published a statement of his case with the strange title of ‘A Firm Attempt at Investigation; or the Twinkling Effects of a Falling Star to relieve the Cheshire Full-Moon’ (i.e. the bishop of Chester), Manchester, 1820, 8vo. For some years he eked out a livelihood by preaching in Scotland, and in 1826 he returned to Gorton. In the following year he published ‘Observations on the Life and Character of George Canning, delivered in a Discourse at Gorton Chapel.’ He died in April 1831, and was buried in the chancel of his chapel.
[Booker's Didsbury (Chetham Soc.), p. 190; J. F. Smith's Reg. Manchester Grammar School (Chetham Soc.), i. 164, ii. 284, iii. 343; Higson's Gorton, 1852, pp. 130 seq.]
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gaule, John

​GAULE, JOHN (fl. 1660), divine, studied at both Oxford and Cambridge, but did not graduate. He was an unlearned and wearisome ranter. For a time he appears to have been employed by Lord Lindsey, probably as chaplain. By 1629 he was chaplain to Lord Camden. He was then an ardent royalist, but afterwards paid assiduous court to the leading Commonwealth men, in the hope of obtaining preferment. Through the interest of Valentine Wauton he became vicar of Great Staughton, Huntingdonshire, by 1646. In the hope of being allowed to retain his living at the Restoration, he wrote a wretched tract, entitled ‘An Admonition moving to Moderation, holding forth certain brief heads of wholesom advice to the late and yet immoderate Party,’ 12mo, London, 1660, to which he prefixed a slavish dedication to Charles II. His other writings are:
* ‘The Practiqve Theorists Panegyrick. … A Sermon preached at Pauls-Crosse,’ 12mo, London, 1628.
* ‘Distractions, or the Holy Madnesse. Feruently (not Furiously) inraged against Euill Men, or against their Euills,’ 12mo, London, 1629.
* ‘Practiqve Theories, or Votiue Speculations, vpon Iesvs Christs Prediction, Incarnation, Passion, Resurrection,’ 12mo, London, 1629.
* ‘Practiqve Theories, or Votiue Speculations vpon Abrahams Entertainment of the three Angels,’ &c., 3 parts, 12mo, London, 1630.
* ‘A Defiance to Death. Being the Funebrious Commemoration of … Viscount Camden,’ 12mo, London, 1630.
* ‘Select Cases of Conscience touching VVitches and VVitchcraft,’ 12mo, London, 1646.
* ‘A Sermon of the Saints judging the World. Preached at the Assizes holden in Huntingdon,’ 4to, London, 1649.
* ‘Πῦς-μαντία. The Mag-Astro-Mancer, or the Magicall-Astrologicall-Diviner posed and puzzled,’ 4to, London, 1652.
Another edition under the title of ‘A Collection out of the best approved Authors, containing Histories of Visions,’ &c., was published without Gaule's name in 1657.
[Prefaces to works cited above.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gattie, Henry

​GATTIE, HENRY (1774–1844), vocalist and actor, was born near Bath in 1774, and brought up to the trade of a wig-maker, but very early in life acquired a liking for the theatre. At the age of nineteen he had become well known at some musical associations. His first appearances on the stage were in vocal characters, such as Frederick in ‘No Song No Supper,’ Valentine in ‘The Farmer,’ and Captain Macheath. On 7 Nov. 1807 he came out at the Bath Theatre as Trot in Morton's comedy ‘Town and Country,’ and was next seen as Paul in ‘Paul and Virginia,’ but he soon settled down into playing as a general rule old men, Frenchmen, and Irishmen. Having been introduced by W. Lovegrove, the comedian, to Samuel James Arnold, the proprietor of the Lyceum Theatre, Gattie made his first appearance in London on 14 July 1813, in a new comic opera entitled ‘M.P., or the Blue Stocking,’ in which he took the character of La Fosse (Morning Post, 15 July 1813, p. 3), and afterwards played Sir Harry Sycamore and other old-men characters and footmen's parts. From this house he migrated to Drury Lane, where he was first seen, 6 Oct. 1813, as Vortex in ‘A Cure for the Heartache.’ He remained at Drury Lane until his retirement in 1833, filling up his summer vacations at the Haymarket, Lyceum, and other houses. At Drury Lane, where he was in the receipt of seven pounds a week, he was frequently the substitute for Munden, Dowton, Terry, and Charles Mathews, to none of whom, however, was he equal in talent. On 21 Aug. 1815 he took the part of the justice of the village in ‘The Maid and the Magpie’ at the Lyceum Theatre. His most celebrated and best-known impersonation was Monsieur Morbleu in Moncrieff's farce of ‘Monsieur Tonson,’ which was first played at Drury Lane on 20 Sept. 1821. His acting in this piece was much commended by George IV, who had commanded its performance on the occasion of a royal bespeak soon after its first production. Another of his characters was Dr. Caius in the ‘Merry Wives of Windsor.’ After a career of twenty-six years as an actor he retired from the stage in 1833, and opened a cigar-shop at Oxford, which became the resort of many of the collegians, by whom his dry humour was much appreciated. He was married, but had no family. His death took place at Reading 17 Nov. 1844, in the seventieth year of his age.
[Oxberry's Dramatic Biography (1826), iii. 37–46, with portrait; Genest, viii. 111, 399, ix. 96 et seq.; Era, 24 Nov. 1844, p. 6; Gent. Mag. December 1844, p. 654; Georgian Era, iv. 569.]
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gaugain, Thomas

​GAUGAIN, THOMAS (1748–1810?), stipple-engraver, born at Abbeville in France in 1748, came when young with other members of his family to England. He studied engraving under R. Houston. He practised at first as a painter, and exhibited in 1778 at the Royal Academy, sending ‘A Moravian Peasant,’ ‘The Shepherdess of the Alps,’ and a portrait. He continued to exhibit there up to 1782. From 1780 he devoted himself principally to engraving, using the stipple method, and engraving some of his own designs. Four of these, printed in colours, viz. ‘Annette,’ ‘Lubin,’ ‘May-day,’ and ‘The Chimney Sweeper's Garland,’ he sent to the exhibition of the Free Society of Artists in 1783. Gaugain ranks among the best stipple-engravers of the period, and produced a large number of engravings. Among them may be noticed ‘Diana and her Nymphs,’ after W. Taverner, ‘The Officers and Men saved from the Wreck of the Centaur,’ after J. Northcote, ‘Lady Caroline Manners,’ after Sir Joshua Reynolds, ‘The Death of Prince Leopold of Brunswick,’ after J. Northcote, ‘The Last Interview of Charles I with his Children,’ after Benazech, ‘Diligence and Dissipation,’ a set of ten engravings after J. Northcote, ‘Rural Contemplation,’ after R. Westall, ‘The Madonna,’ after W. Miller, ‘Warren Hastings,’ from a bust by T. Banks, ‘Charles James Fox,’ from a bust by Nollekens, ‘Lieut.-Col. Disbrowe,’ after T. Barker, and numerous others after W. Hamilton, W. R. Bigg, G. Morland, J. Barney, J. Milbourne, Maria Cosway, and others. Gaugain lived for some years at 4 Little Compton Street, Soho. It is not certain when he died, but the engraving mentioned last was published in 1809, and he very probably died soon after that date.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Dodd's MS. Hist. of English Engravers; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880; Leblanc's Manuel de l'Amateur d'Estampes.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/England, George (fl.1740-1788)

​ENGLAND, GEORGE (fl. 1740–1788), organ-builder, built the organs of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, 1760; Gravesend Church, 1764; Ashton-under-Lyne, 1770; St. Michael's, Queenhithe, 1779; St. Mary's, Aldermary, 1781 (the last two in conjunction with Hugh Russell); besides those of St. Matthew's, Friday Street; St. Mildred's, Poultry; the German Lutheran Church, Goodman's Fields; the chapel of Dulwich College; St. Margaret Moses; and St. Alphege, Greenwich. ‘These organs were remarkable for the brightness and brilliancy of their chorus’ (Hopkins); that of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, a fine specimen of England's work, was repaired by Gray in 1825, rebuilt 1872, and considerably enlarged later by Hill & Son.
England married the daughter of Richard Bridge (another organ-builder) and was the father of George Pike England (1765?–1814), who left a list of the organs he built in an extant account book. They are those of: St. George's Chapel; Portsmouth Common, 1788; St. James's, Clerkenwell, and Fetter Lane Chapel, 1790; Warminster Church, and Adelphi Chapel, 1791; Gainsborough Church, Lincolnshire, 1793; Newington Church, Surrey, and Blandford Church, 1794; Carmarthen Church, 1796; St. Margaret's, Lothbury, 1801; Sardinian Chapel, 1802; Newark Church, Nottinghamshire, 1803; Sheffield Parish Church; St. Philip's, Birmingham, and St. Martin's Outwich, 1805; Hinckley Parish Church, 1808; Stourbridge; Richmond, Yorkshire; High Church, Lancaster, 1809; Shiffnall, Salop, and Ulverston, 1811; and St. Mary's, Islington, 1812. According to Warman, the organ of Durham Cathedral is ascribed to G. P. England, in conjunction with Nicholls, 1815.
[Rimbault and Hopkins on The Organ; J. W. Warman's The Organ and its Compass.]
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Engleheart, George

​ENGLEHEART, GEORGE (1752–1839), miniature-painter, born in 1752, was one of the younger sons of Francis Engleheart, a member of a noble Silesian family, who came into England in the time of George II, and settled at Kew. Engleheart was a pupil of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and gained some repute as a miniature-painter, practising in Hertford Street, Mayfair. In 1790 he was appointed miniature-painter to the king. His miniatures were mostly executed on ivory, though occasionally on enamel, and were well drawn and coloured, showing great character and power. He exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1773 and 1812, mostly original portraits, or copies from Reynolds and others. Engleheart died at Blackheath on 21 March 1839.
His nephew, John Cox Dillman Engleheart (1783–1862), also practised as a miniature-painter. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1801, and continued to do so up to 1828, when, owing to failing health, he retired from his profession. He died in 1862. A collection of the works of both painters is in the possession of J. Gardner Engleheart, C.B., son of the last named; among the miniatures is a portrait of George Engleheart by himself.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880; information from J. Gardner Engleheart, C.B.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Engleheart, Thomas

​ENGLEHEART, THOMAS (d. 1787?), sculptor and modeller in wax, was one of the sons of Francis Engleheart of Kew, and elder brother of George Engleheart [q. v.] He was ​a student at the Royal Academy, and in 1772 competed with John Flaxman [q. v.] for the gold medal given by the Royal Academy for a bas-relief of ‘Ulysses and Nausicaa.’ In this competition Engleheart was successful, to the bitter disappointment of Flaxman. He subsequently exhibited various busts and models in wax at the Royal Academy from 1773 to 1786, in which year or the following he died. There is in the National Portrait Gallery an oval medallion of Edward, duke of Kent, modelled in red wax by Engleheart in 1786.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Cunningham's Life of Flaxman; Royal Academy Catalogues; Cat. of the National Portrait Gallery; information from J. Gardner Engleheart, C.B.]
L. C.