OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New Student's Reference Work/Carol I, King of Rumania

See also Carol I of Romania on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Carol I, King of Rumania, was born in Germany, April 20, 1839, the son of Prince Carl of Hohenzollern. He was a lieutenant in the Prussian army, when, in 1866, he was chosen prince of Rumania, then a dependency of Turkey. In 1881 he declared Rumania independent and was proclaimed its king. He has ruled successfully.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Canton (Ohio)

See also Canton, Ohio on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Canton, the county seat of Stark County, Ohio, is 102 miles west-northwest of Pittsburg, 54 south-southeast of Cleveland. It has three railroads, the Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago; Wheeling & Lake Erie; and Cleveland Terminal & Valley. It is situated in the center of a rich farming country, and is surrounded by rich deposits of coal and limestone. It has a number of important manufacturing concerns, including Aultman & Co., manufacturers of farm implements, Canton Rolling Mill, Canton Steel Company, American Bridge Company, Harvard Dental Chair Company, Gould Dental Chair Company and Dueber-Hampden Watch and Case Company. It contains two parks and is connected by electric railway with a beautiful lake resort. It has three daily and four weekly newspapers; twenty-three churches; ten banks; a hospital; eighteen school buildings, with 7,200 school-children enrolled. President McKinley's home was at Canton. Its rapid growth in recent years is shown by its increase in population as follows: in 1870—8,669; 1880—12,258; 1890—26,337; 1900—30,667; 1910—50,217.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Cape May

See also Cape May, New Jersey on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Cape May, a town occupying a point of land of the same name at the southern end of New Jersey at the entrance of Delaware Bay. It is a noted summer resort, the favorite watering-place for Philadelphians. It is connected with Philadelphia by the Pennsylvania and Philadelphia & Reading railroads, and in summer by several lines of steamers. The beach is over five miles long, and affords splendid drives. Population, 2,471.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Carnivorous Plants

See also Carnivorous plant on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Carniv'orous Plants, certain seed-plants which have developed the habit of capturing insects and using them for food. They live usually in swampy regions, and are able to capture insects in various ways, and then digest them and absorb the nutritious substances. The commoner forms are as follows: The pitcher plants, belonging to the genus Sarracenia, are common in swampy ground both north and south. The leaves are shaped like slender hollow cones and rise in tufts from the ground, the cone containing water, and its mouth being more or less overarched by a hood. A sweetish substance is secreted about the rim, and attracts the insects, which fall into the cone and are drowned. Such pitchers are often found more or less filled with the decaying remains of captured insects. In California a huge pitcher plant, Darlingtonia by name, has leaves sometimes three feet high. The best known tropical forms belong to the genus Nepenthes and its allies, in which the urns swing from the tendrils developed at the ends of the leaves. Various forms of Nepenthes are common in greenhouses. Another group of carnivorous plants is the group of sundews, belonging to the genus Drosera. They also grow in swampy ground and have rosettes of basal leaves, which are beset by sensitive glandular hairs. Small insects coming in contact with a sticky gland are held fast, and the leaf closes over the struggling victim and digests it. Perhaps the most remarkable carnivorous plant is Dionæa or Venus' fly-trap, which is found only in sandy savannas near Wilmington, N. C. The leaf blade is constructed like a steel trap, and the two halves snap together whenever any of the bristles are touched by an insect. In this way the insect is caught and gradually digested.
John M. Coulter
# The New Student's Reference Work/Carson, Christopher

See also Kit Carson on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
* KIT CARSON
Carson, Christopher, popularly known as Kit Carson, a famous American trapper and guide, was born in Kentucky in 1809. While yet a youth his family moved to Missouri, and he early engaged in trapping. He spent eight years as hunter to Bent's fort, and then acted as guide in the explorations of General Frémont. One of his most difficult feats was the driving of 6,500 sheep to California. He became Indian agent in New Mexico, and helped to bring about many treaties with the Indians. During the Civil War he did good service, and at its close was breveted brigadier-general. He died at Fort Lynn, Col., in 1868.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ralston, William Ralston Shedden-

Edition of 1905. See also William Ralston Shedden-Ralston on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RALSTON, ra̤l′ston, William Ralston Shedden- (1828-89). An English Russian scholar, and the son of W. P. Ralston Shedden, who, after making a fortune in India, returned to England. He was prepared by a private tutor for Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1850. Though subsequently called to the bar, he never practiced. To free himself from the odium attached to a prolonged lawsuit, begun by his father and continued by his sister, for the Ralston estates in Ayrshire, he added the name of Ralston to Shedden. Entering the printed-book department of the British Museum (1853), he rose rapidly. He learned Russian and traveled extensively in Russia, forming a close friendship with Turgenieff. Owing to ill health, he resigned his post in the British Museum after serving for twenty-two years. He contributed largely to the Athenæum, the Saturday Review, and other periodicals, and published Kriloff and His Fables (1868); a translation of Turgenieff's Liza (1869); Songs of the Russian People (1872); and Early Russian History (1874).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ralph, Julian

Edition of 1905. See also Julian Ralph on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RALPH, Julian (1853-1903). An American author and journalist, born in New York City. He joined the staff of the New York Daily Graphic in 1875, but within a year he left it and was on the staff of the New York Sun until 1895, gaining a world-wide reputation as a correspondent. In 1896 he became London correspondent for the New York Journal, was with the Turkish armies during the Græco-Turkish War in 1897, and in 1899 went to South Africa, as war correspondent for the London Daily Mail. Besides numerous magazine articles, his publications include: Dutchman or German (1889); On Canada's Frontier (1892); Chicago and the World's Fair (1893); Our Great West (1893); People We Pass (1895); Dixie (1896); Alone in China (1898); A Prince in Georgia (1899); Toward Pretoria (1900); An American with Lord Roberts (1901); War's Brighter Side (1901); and The Millionairess (1902), a novel.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ralph Roister Doister

Edition of 1905. See also Ralph Roister Doister on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RALPH ROISTER DOISTER. A comedy by Nicholas Udall, probably written between 1534 and 1541 for the Christmas entertainment at Eton, of which Udall at that time was headmaster. It was printed anonymously in 1566, the only copy of that edition being now in Eton Library, and Collier was the first to connect Udall's name with it about 1820. It is noteworthy as the first English comedy, its humorous and life-like characters far surpassing the wooden figures of the Moralities and even the personages of Heywood's farces. Ralph Roister Doister, a hare-brained, vain, boastful fellow, is egged on in his courtship of Dame Custance, a rich London ​city wife, by Merrygreek, who maliciously enjoys the diversion of a fool in love. Though she does not intend to accept Ralph, his pursuit makes trouble between Custance and her betrothed, Gawin Goodluck. The fool's chagrin is soothed by Merrygreek by flattering his vain delusion that the lovers fear him, and all ends well.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rama

Edition of 1905. See also Rama people on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RAMA, or Melchora. An interesting tribe formerly upon the Rama River on the Caribbean coast of Southern Nicaragua, and now gathered upon a small island in Bluefield lagoon. They are a detached tribe of the Changuinan or Dorasquean stock of the Isthmus of Panama. They are kept under subjection by the dominant Mosquito (q.v.), and are now on the verge of extinction, having numbered only about 250 persons in 1891, all Christianized by Moravian missionaries, and described as being of fine physique and great strength.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ramakrishna

Edition of 1905. See also Ramakrishna on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RAMAKRISHNA, rä′mȧ-krĭsh′nȧ (1833-86). A celebrated Hindu yogi or ascetic. He was born at Kamarpukar, near Jahanabad, in Bengal, and was the youngest son of a poor Brahmanic family. At sixteen years of age he attended the school of his eldest brother, Ramkumar Chattopadhyaya, at Calcutta, and followed him when he was appointed priest to the temple of the goddess Kali, founded in 1853 at Dakshinesvara. He became a devotee of Kali, and began a course of twelve years of asceticism. The fame of his humility, sanctity, and wonderful teachings spread, and crowds of people of all classes, including Keshub Chunder Sen, fell under his spell. His conduct was characterized by great tenderness and humility, and his teachings were distinguished by simplicity and purity of language. Consult Müller, Ramakrishna, His Life and Sayings (New York, 1899).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rambaud, Alfred Nicolas

Edition of 1905. See also Alfred Nicolas Rambaud on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RAMBAUD, rän′bō̇′, Alfred Nicolas (1842—). A French historian, born at Besançon. He was a pupil of the Ecole Normale, and after receiving his degree in 1870 traveled in Russia, and taught history at Caen and Nancy (1871-79). He was chief of a department in the Ministry of Public Instruction in Ferry's Cabinet in 1879-81, and held the portfolio of Public Instruction in the Méline Cabinet in 1896-98. He became professor of contemporary history at the Sorbonne in 1883, and was elected to the Academy of Moral Sciences in 1897. His works include: La domination française en Allemagne, Les Français sur le Rhin 1792-1800 (1873); La Russie épique (1876); Histoire dc la Russie (1878, translated by Lang as A History of Russia, 1879); Histoire de la civilisation française (1887); Histoire de la civilisation contemporaine en France and Histoire de la Revolution française, 1789-1799 (1895). With Lavisse he directed the publication of the Histoire genérale du IVme siècle à nos jours (1893-96).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ramaka

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​RAMAKA, rȧ-mä′kȧ. Another name for the Egyptian princess Hatasu (q.v.).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ralph, James

Edition of 1905. See also James Ralph on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RALPH, James (c.1698-1762). An American poet and pamphleteer, born in Philadelphia, Pa. He became an intimate friend of Benjamin Franklin, whom he accompanied to London in 1725. There he tried to support himself by writing, but with little success. Pope satirized his poem Night (1728) in the Dunciad. Afterwards Ralph attached himself to the Prince of Wales, and used his pen to assist his friends the Whigs in every possible way. When George III. ascended the throne, he was given a pension. His works include: Zeuma (1729), a poem; The Groans of Germany (1734), a political pamphlet; The Use and Abuse of Parliaments (1744); History of England During the Reigns of King William, Queen Anne, and George I. (1744); and some poems, essays, and plays.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Ramadan

Edition of 1905. See also Ramadan on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​RAMADAN, rä′mȧ-dän′ (Ar. Ramaḍȧn, from ramiḍa, to be burning hot). The ninth month in the Mohammedan year. Mohammed is said to have had his first revelation in Ramadan, and every Moslem is therefore enjoined to keep a strict fast during this month from dawn to sunset of every day, and to abstain from eating, driving, smoking, bathing, smelling perfumes, and other bodily enjoyments. During the night, however, the most necessary wants may be satisfied, and this permission leads to nightly indulgences in all sorts of enjoyments. As the Mohammedan year is a lunar one, the months rotate through the different seasons, and the fast of Ramadan becomes a severe affliction upon the faithful when the month happens to fall in the hot days of the summer. The sick, travelers, and soldiers in time of war are temporarily released from this duty, though it must subsequently be performed during an equal number of days. Nursing and pregnant women, and those to whom it might prove really injurious, are exempted from fasting. During this month twenty additional prayers are said after the night prayer. Very pious believers seclude themselves and devote their time to the reading of the Koran. The fast is followed by the feast of Beiram (q.v.). In establishing this fast Mohammed seems to have been guided by the Christian institution of Lent, which in the early Church varied in length from four to six weeks. The principal passages treating of the fast of Ramadan are found in the Koran, sura ii. 179-184. Consult: Wellhausen, Reste arabischen Heidentums (Berlin, 1897); D'Herbelot, Bibliothèque orientale (Paris, 1781); and the commentaries on the Koran.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 139

A Heavenly Light shineth around Saint Patrick, and Victor is converted unto the Faith.
And Saint Patrick coming into the territory of Mogharnd, went toward the town of Domnhach Maghin, over which a man named Victor ruled. And he hearing of the saint's arrival, yet loving darkness rather than light, concealed himself in the shades of a thick grove, for much he feared, lest being driven from the darkness of his unbelief, he should though unwilling be compelled to believe in the true light. But the shadows of the night season came on, nor yet did Patrick the son of light therefore delay his journey. And when the curtain of deep night had covered all things with surrounding darkness, it darkened not the course of Patrick, who was the precursor of light; for unto him the night was as day, and the deep shadows were as brightness. And the light piercing through the darkness poured around the man concealing himself, nor could he longer hide from before the face of the light. Then Victor by so signal a sign being vanquished, and being even as bound with the chains of the fear of the Lord, came unto Saint Patrick, and devoutly entreated and received from him the holy baptism. And being with all his household and all his people baptized, he gave unto the saint his inheritance for the erection of a church, and among his disciples he abided. And after a while he increased in holiness and in the knowledge of the divine law, and being at length consecrated by Saint Patrick, he received in that church the episcopal degree, and for his virtues and his merits was he very renowned.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 141

The Obedience of Saint Volchanus.
And a certain disciple of Saint Patrick, named Volchanus, was eminent in faith and in religion, but especially surpassing in the virtue of obedience; and Saint Patrick willing that this his piety, which was so well known unto him and unto God, should also be known unto his fellow-disciples for an example unto them, commanded him that he should build a church wheresoever God should vouchsafe to direct. And hearing the word of the saint, he obeyed, and carrying a hatchet on his shoulder, went forth to seek a fitting place for the erection of a church. Then the spiritual father observing him to go forth with the hatchet in his cowl, prophesied unto him with the words of consolation: "Do not, well-beloved Volchanus, doubt of a fitting place; but wheresoever thine hatchet shall fall, there securely build and inhabit, and there shalt thou be among a great nation paying worship unto God!" Thus having heard, he retired from the presence of his honored father, knowingly unknowing, and wisely untaught, yet persuaded in his mind to go whithersoever the most true teacher had directed him. Therefore the whole day did he go forward, nor did he aught, save to lift up his hands and his heart in prayer. And as the day declined eveward, the hatchet fell from his shoulder unexpectedly, yet moved of heaven, in a place neither intended nor foreseen. Then the man of God understanding this to be the appointed place, with great labor builded there a monastery, and gathered together unto one holy society many sons of God, who were dispersed; and therein dwelling, holily and religiously finished he his life, and at length, renowned in his virtues and his miracles, he rested in the Lord.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 145

Of a Woman who was raised from Death.
And Ethra, the wife of a noble man named Euchadius, lay dead; and he, carrying her body placed on a bier, met Saint Patrick near a certain ford in Connactia. And with many prayers he besought the saint that he would recall her to life; and promised that he and all his people would then believe in the Christ whom he preached. And the saint delayed not, but revived the dead woman, and baptized her husband, who at so wonderful a miracle thoroughly believed. And from the revived woman is it called unto this day the Ford of Ethna; and the fluid element affording a passage unto all travellers, showeth the merit of her reviver. And often the saint visited Connactia and Momonia, working miracles in each; and in each he dwelled for the space of seven years.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 140

A Certain Cymbal of Saint Patrick is lost and found again.
A certain man of the servants of Saint Patrick carelessly lost a cymbal; when lost he sought it, when sought he found it not, when found not he therefore sorely repented. And the saint forgave him, and directed that no longer he should seek for the cymbal, until in that place a church should be builded. And after a long time had passed, a certain religious man named Dicullus builded there a church, and there found the aforementioned cymbal; and in that church placed he it. And many who were infirm, drinking out of or being sprinkled with water from this cymbal, often received instant health; and when this instrument was tuned, they experienced the holiness of the saint breathing forth and sounding through its music.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 142

Of Saint Rodanus, the Herdsman of Patrick.
And Saint Patrick had a certain herdsman named Rodanus, and he was exceeding religious; and this man in his pastoral duty lived a hermit's life, and often being absorbed in prayer, he pastured the cows and the young calves together. And at the command of Saint Patrick, the whole herd was wondrously retained under his control, nor was any disturbance or confusion there among, for never did the calves approach their mothers, nor depart from them, other than at the bidding of Rodanus; and this he did by the authority and the power of his father, Saint Patrick. And he after a while learning letters, acquired sufficiently the knowledge thereof, and attaining the episcopal degree, he flourished during his life and after his death by manifold miracles.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 137

The Saint Prophesieth of a Certain Youth.
Twelve brothers, whose father, a ruler in Dalnardia, was then lately dead, met together to divide the inheritance; but holding in scorn their youngest brother, Fergusius, without his portion they turned him empty away. Therefore the youth addressed Saint Patrick, that by his prayers he might be admitted unto his share; promising that he would give unto the building and the maintaining a church the better part thereof. And the saint prevailing for him, Fergusius receiveth his share of the inheritance; of the which the larger half he gave to the holy prelate for the erection of a church; but this, lest he should seem to have sold his interference, he refused to receive himself, and bade it be given unto the aforementioned Olcanus. And he builded a church within that territory, in a place which is called Derkan, and being there made bishop, continued in justice and in holiness. But Saint Patrick blessed Fergusius, and prophesying said unto him, "Though this day thou appeared humble and despised in the sight of thy brothers, yet in a short time shalt thou be chief over them all; for from thee shall kings proceed, who not only in this land, but even in distant regions, shall hold rule." And after a short space, according to the prophecy of the holy man, did Fergusius obtain the government of all that country, and his seed ruled therein for many generations. And thence was born Edan, the son of Gabranus, who reduced Scotia, which is called Albania, and other islands wherein his posterity yet reigneth.
# The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick/The Life and Acts of St. Patrick/Chapter 14

Of Milcho's Dream, and of its Interpretation.
And Milcho beheld a vision in the night; and behold, Patrick entered his palace as all on fire, and the flames issuing from his mouth, and from his nose, and from his eyes, and from his ears, seemed to burn him. But Milcho repelled from himself the flaming hair of the boy, nor did it prevail to touch him any nearer; but the flame, being spread, turned aside to the right, and, catching on his two little daughters who were lying in one bed, burned them even to ashes; then the south wind, blowing strongly, dispersed their ashes over many parts of Ireland. And Milcho, awaking, meditated with himself on his couch what prodigy might this remote vision portend. On the morrow, Patrick being called before him, he declared unto him his dream, entreating and abjuring him that if he knew he would unfold its interpretation. And Patrick, being filled with the grace of the Holy Spirit, answered unto Milcho: "The fire which thou sawest to issue from me is the faith of the Holy Trinity, with which I am entirely illumined, and which I shall endeavor to preach unto thee; but my speech will find in thee no place, for thou wilt, in the blindness of thine heart, repel from thee the light of the divine grace, and thou wilt die in the darkness of thy unbelief; but thy daughters shall at my preaching believe in the true God, and, all the days of their lives serving God in holiness and in justice, shall, in a pious end, rest in the Lord; and their ashes, that is, their relics, the Lord revealing them and making of them signs, shall be carried into many places through Ireland, and shall give the blessing of health to many who are infirm; and thy dream is true, and its interpretation is true, and all shall be fulfilled in due time." Thus having said, Patrick departed to his accustomed labor; and all these things happened unto Milcho and unto his daughters even as Patrick had foretold.