OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Blacklock, William James

​BLACKLOCK, WILLIAM JAMES (1815?–1858), landscape painter, was born at Cumwhitton, near Carlisle, about 1815, and as a youth was apprenticed to a bookseller of Carlisle. He had always been remarkable for his love of drawing, and so strong did this predilection become that he determined to adopt art as a profession, and accordingly proceeded to London, where he at once began to exercise his talent. In the year 1836 he sent his first pictures to the Royal Academy and continued to exhibit there, as well as at the British Institution and Society of British Artists, until 1855, in which year he contributed to the Royal Academy exhibition four pictures: ‘Hermitage Castle,' ‘The Border Keep,’ ‘Elter Water, and the Langdale Pikes,' and ‘Belted Will’s Tower, Naworth Castle.' He resided principally in London for about fifteen years, when declining health compelled him to return to his native county, where he continued to follow his profession until within a year or two of his decease, when the malady with which he was afflicted obliged him to relinquish its pursuit. He died at Dumfries on 12 March 1858, at the age of 42, and was buried at Cumwhitton. His works are principally views of the landscape scenery of the north of England, and their chief characteristics are picturesqueness and truthfulness. Lonely border towers, deeply embosomed in waving foliage, and bathing in the light of a golden sunset; remote and almost inaccessible tarns, surrounded by rough mountains, upon whose sides the shadows of the light clouds danced merrily; brawling brooks with overhanging rocks and waving trees were the scenes which he admired and loved to paint.
[Carlisle Journal, 19 March 1858; Royal Academy Exhibition Catalogues, 1836-56; Art Journal, 1858, p. 157; Athenæum, 1858, p. 439.]
R. E. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Blackerby, Richard

​BLACKERBY, RICHARD (1574–1618), puritan, was born in 1574 at Worlington, Suffolk. He was the second son of Thomas Blackerby, a man of ‘good estate and quality.' Of their nine sons Richard was by his parents designed from his birth for the ministry. After attending school at St. Edmundsbury, in his fifteenth year he was entered of Trinity College, Cambridge, where he continue nine years, and was renowned for his Latin, Greek, and Hebrew scholarship. Perkins was the great preacher of Cambridge at the time, and Blackerby came under his spell. From the university—where he proceeded B.A. and M.A.—he went as chaplain to Sir Thomas Jerrain of Rushbrook in Suffolk, father of the Earl of St. Albans. Leaving Rushbrook he ‘removed to the house of the renowned and pious knight Sir Edward Lewknor, of Denham in Suffolk.' Here he married Sarah, eldest daughter of the Rev. Timothy Prick, alias Oldman, ‘which alias Oldman was assumed by the family in the days of Queen Mary, the father of the said Timothy being forced then to abscond and to change his name, being prescribed for the protestant religion.' He resided with his father-in-law at Denham for two years. Thence he was called to Feltwell in Norfolk, ‘where he continued without institution or induction for some time; hut then, by reason of his nonconformity, he was force to remove and hired a house at Ashen (Ashdon) in Essex.' He here received as boarders for their classical and theological education a select number of young men, many of whom became subsequently eminent clergy of the church of England. Dr. Bernard, the biographer of Ussher, was one, and Samuel Fairclough another. Blackerby never saw his way to take orders in the established church. But he was constantly preaching wherever opportunity was afforded, although, being unable to subscribe conscientiously he could take no benefice. There are many extant testimonies to his power as a preacher. Daniel Rogers of Wethersfield ‘told another divine that he could never come into the presence of Mr. Blackerby without some kind of trembling upon him, because of the divine majesty and holiness which seemed to shine in him.' It is much to be lamented that three diaries which he kept—in Latin, Greek, and English respectively—were lost in a fire.
In his fifty-fifth year his son-in-law, Christopher Burrell, having been presented to the rectory of Great Wrating (Suffolk), Blackerby went with him. Afterwards he was called to a congregation at Great Thurlow, where he died in 1648, in his seventy-fourth year. Another of his daughters was married to Rev. Samuel Fairclough. Blackerby printed nothing.
[Clark's Lives; Brook's Puritans, iii. 96–100; local researches.]
A. B. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Blackmore, Thomas

​BLACKMORE, THOMAS (1740?–1780?), mezzotint engraver, was born in London about 1740, and from the dates upon his prints, which range from 1769 to 1771, he appears to have practised his art or a very limited period of time. There are by him several well-drawn and brilliantly executed plates, which include portraits after Sir Joshua Reynolds of Samuel Foote, the actor, Mrs. Cholmondeley, Mrs. Anne James, as a Madonna, and, as a youth, Henry William Bunbury, the caricaturist, who afterwards married Miss Catharine Horneck, the ‘Little Comedy' of Goldsmith. Among his other plates are ‘Sigismonda,’ after Cosway; a 'Dutch Lady,' after Frans Hals; a ‘Man in a Cloak,' after Van Dyck; and ‘Innocence;’ as well as subjects after Molenaer and other painters. He died about 1780.
[Redgrave's Dictionary of Artists of the English School, 1878; Smith's British Mezzotinto Portraits, 1878-83, i. 61-3,]
R. E. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bullaker, Thomas

​BULLAKER, THOMAS, in religion John Baptist (1604?–1642), Franciscan friar, was born at Chichester in or about 1604 of catholic parents, his father being a noted physician, who gave him a liberal education. He was sent at the age of eighteen to the Jesuit college at St. Omer, and thence he proceeded to the English seminary at Valladolid. Subsequently he was admitted to the convent of the Spanish Recollects at Abrojo, near Valladolid, where he made his religious profession. After completing his course of divinity at Segovia he returned to England, where he laboured as a missioner for some years. At length he was apprehended while in the act of celebrating mass in London, was tried and convicted, and executed at Tyburn on 12 Oct. (O.S.) 1642. One of his arm-bones is respectfully preserved in St. Elizabeth's convent at Taunton (Oliver, Catholic Religion in Cornwall, 563). His portrait, at Lanherne, has a resemblance to King Charles I. There is a fine engraving of him in the 'Certamen Seraphicum.'
[E. Mason's Certamen Seraphicum, 31-61; Challoner's Missionary Priests (1742), ii. 227; Granger's Biog. Hist. of England (1824), ii. 384; J. Stevens's Hist, of the Antient Abbeys, i. 106; Harl. MS. 7035, p. 190; Dodd's Church Hist, iii. 110.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bull, John (fl.1636)

Date of death 1642 in later editions. 1904 Errata appended.
​BULL, JOHN (fl. 1636), fanatic, was a weaver in St. Botolph's parish, Aldgate, London. He and Richard Farnham, another weaver living in Whitechapel, attracted much public attention about 1636 by announcing that they were prophets having 'the very spirit of God.' Each declared that he would ' be slaine at Hierusalem, where Christ suffered, and rise againe,' and that after his resurrection ' he shall reigne there as a priest.' They affirmed that 'no man shall have the least power to insidiate their lives or bring them to any untimely and remarkable death.' Bull was lodged in Bridewell, and on 16 April 1636 he and Farnham were examined by the council. They boldly adhered to their former pretensions, and a hostile pamphleteer declared that they smelt of the sect of the Throskites and Sabbatarians. Bull appears to have been in prison as late as ​19 June 1636. The council issued an order on that day directing the examination of Thomas Johnson and his wife of Colchester, with whom it was understood Bull had been in frequent correspondence (Cal. State Papers, Dom., 1635-6, p. 571).
An interesting pamphlet, 'written by T. H.,' was issued in 1636, in which the heresies of Farnham and Bull were fully described and denounced. It is entitled 'A True Discourse of the two infamous upstart Prophets, Richard Farnham, weaver, of White-chappel, and John Bull, weaver, of St. Botolph's, Algate . . .,' London, 1636. A woodcut on the title-page represents the two weavers at their looms. The pamphlet was reprinted by James Caulfield in 1790.
[Caulfield's Remarkable Characters ; the pamphlet mentioned above ; Cat. of Satirical Poets in Brit. Mus. div. i. pt. i.]
S. L. L.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.41 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 242 | ii | 20 f.e. | Bull, John (fl. 1636): for (fl. 1636) read (d. 1642) |
| | | 2 f.e. | for Throskites read Thraskites |
| 243 | i | 6 | after p. 571) insert Bull died in January 1641-2 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bullen, Charles

​BULLEN, Sir CHARLES (1769–1853), admiral, entered the navy in 1779 on board the Europe, the flagship of Vice-admiral Arbuthnot, on the North American station. During the peace he was principally employed in the Mediterranean, and was promoted to be lieutenant on 9 Aug. 1791. In 1794 he was a lieutenant of the Ramillies, one of the fleet with Lord Howe on 1 June; in 1797 he was first lieutenant of the Monmouth, one of the ships implicated in the mutiny at the Nore: she was afterwards, with more credit, at Camperdown, on 11 Oct.; and Bullen having been sent to take possession of the Dutch ship Delft, finding her in a sinking state, remained trying to save the wounded, till she actually went down. Many lives were lost, but Bullen was happily picked up, and in recognition of his gallantry in the action and his humane exertions after it he was promoted to be commander, 2 Jan. 1798. In 1801 he commanded the Wasp sloop on the west coast of Africa, and was posted 29 April 1802. In 1804 he was appointed to be flag-captain to Lord Northesk in the Britannia, and commanded that ship in the battle of Trafalgar. The Britannia was the mirth ship in the weather line led by Nelson himself, and was thus early in the action, continuing closely engaged till the end, with a loss of 10 killed and 42 wounded. During the years 1807-11 he commanded successively the frigates Volontaire and Cambrian in the Mediterranean, off Toulon, and on the coast of Spain. From 1814 to 1817 he commanded the Akbar of 50 guns, on the North American station; and from 1824 to 1827 was commodore on the west coast of Africa, with his broad pennant in the Maidstone. In July 1830 he was appointed superintendent of Pembroke dockyard, and also captain of the Royal Sovereign yacht, both which offices he held till he became rear-admiral, 10 Jan. 1837. He had no further employment afloat, but was advanced by seniority to the rank of vice-admiral on 9 Nov. 1846, and of admiral 30 July 1852. He received the C.B. on 4 June 1815; K.C.H. 13 Jan. 1835; K.C.B. 18 April 1839; and G.C.B. 7 April 1852. He also had the gold medal for Trafalgar, and a good-service pension. He died on 2 July 1853. An authentic portrait is in the Painted Hall at Greenwich.
[O'Byrne's Dict. of Nav. Biog.; Gent. Mag., (1853), cxli. ii. 309.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Arabella Stuart

​ARABELLA STUART (1575–1615), was the daughter of Charles Stuart, Earl of Lenox, younger brother of Lord Darnley. This earl was, through his mother, the grandson of Margaret, the eldest sister of Henry VIII., by her second husband, Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus. Arabella stood in the line of succession to the English throne next to her first cousin James. When Elizabeth's age made a speedy vacancy probable, there were some persons in England who argued that her title was preferable even to that of James, as she was born on English soil, whereas he, being an alien, and therefore disqualified for possessing land in England, was also disqualified for wearing the crown. A little before Elizabeth's death Arabella was arrested by the queen's orders in consequence of a rumour that a marriage was planned between her and William Seymour, the grandson of Catherine Grey, the heiress of the Suffolk line. James, however, succeeded peaceably, and treated Arabella with favour as a kinswoman, disbelieving the idle rumours which accused her of taking part in the plots of Cobham and Raleigh. She, as we hear, was much in want of money, and we hear of her in 1608 and 1609 begging for English and Irish monopolies. In December 1609 she was put in confinement with her servants, on the ground of her being engaged in a treaty of marriage with some person whose name is not given. She regained the king's good graces by pleading discontent on the ground of poverty, and James, besides valuable new-year's gifts, granted her a pension of 1,600l. a year.
On 2 Feb. 1610, Arabella became actually engaged to William Seymour, whose descent from the Suffolk line made him specially an object of jealousy to James. She and Seymour were summoned before the Privy Council, and declared that he would never marry her without the king's consent. On this Arabella was again taken into favour, and on 22 March received the grant of the Irish monopoly for which she had long been petitioning. Early in July the couple were privately married. The secret was not kept, and on the 9th Arabella was committed to the custody of Sir T. Parry, and her husband to the Tower. On 13 March 1611, she was put under the charge of the Bishop of Durham, to be carried by him to Durham. She appealed in vain for a writ of habeas corpus. On 16 March she was removed in a condition of physical prostration, and was allowed to rest at Barnet for a month. When the month was over, she protested she could not travel. On 4 June she escaped in man's apparel, got on board a French vessel in the Thames, and sailed for Calais. She was captured in the Straits of Dover, brought back, and lodged in the Tower. Seymour was more successful, and landed safely at Ostend. Arabella remained a prisoner in the Tower till her death on 25 Sept. 1615.
S. R. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Arbuckle, James

​ARBUCKLE, JAMES (1700–1734?), minor poet and essayist, is supposed to have been a native of Ireland and to have been born in 1700. His earliest works were 'Snuff,' a mock-heroic poem, containing some curious information respecting the snuff-taking and snuff-boxes of the time, and 'An Epistle to Thomas, Earl of Haddington, on the death of Joseph Addison, Esq.,' both published in 1719. Arbuckle contributed to the 'Edinburgh Miscellany' of 1721, in which appeared the earliest printed effusions of Thomson and Mallet, and in the same year he produced a poem, entitled 'Glotta,' describing the scenery about the Clyde, on the title-page of which he is described as a 'student in the University of Glasgow.' Here, as in most of his other compositions, the verse runs smoothly, and bears traces of Pope's influence. On finishing his studies at Glasgow, Arbuckle, ​it is supposed, settled as a schoolmaster in the north of Ireland. In the columns of a Dublin newspaper he conducted a periodical miscellany of prose and verse, to which the poet Parnell, Francis Hutcheson, and Samuel Boyse occasionally contributed. Its contents were reprinted in a separate form as 'Hibernicus's Letters; a collection of Letters and Essays on several subjects, lately published in the Dublin Journal' (2 vols. 1725-7), but the work possesses little literary or other interest. Arbuckle was a friend of Allan Ramsay, to whom he wrote some laudatory verses, and who addressed to him a genial epistle in rhyme in 1719, on his return to Scotland from a visit to Ireland.
F. E.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Arbuthnot, Charles

1904 Errata appended.
​ARBUTHNOT, CHARLES (1767–1850), diplomatist and politician, one of the sons of J. Arbuthnot, by the daughter of J. Stone, a London banker, whose brother was Archbishop Stone, the primate of Ireland, was born in 1767. He began his apprenticeship in public life in 1793, when he accepted the position of précis writer in the Foreign Office, and entered upon his political career with his election in March 1795 as member for East Looe. He served in important diplomatic positions in Sweden and Portugal, and, after holding for a few months (Nov. 1803 to June 1804) the post of under-secretary for foreign affairs, was appointed ambassador extraordinary at Constantinople.When holding this appointment he was instructed by the cabinet to demand from the Porte the dismissal (amongst other things) of the French envoy. General Sebastiani, the rejection of which led to the forcing of the Dardanelles by our fleet. Mr. Arbuthnot, during this operation, was on board the admiral's ship, and it was mainly owing to his firmness that whatever success attended the operation was achieved. The late Sir Henry Blackwood, in a letter to Lord Castlereagh, described him as having been 'not only minister, but admiral.' On receiving his appointment at Constantinople he was sworn of the privy council, and on his return to England in 1807 a pension of 2,000l. per annum was conferred upon him. At the same time Mr. Arbuthnot abandoned foreign for home service. From 1809 to 1823 he was one of the joint-secretaries of the treasury; from the latter year until 1827, and again for a few months in 1828, he presided over the board of woods and forests; and for two years (1828-30) he held the chancellorship of the duchy of Lancaster. In April 1809, when he was returned for Eye in Suffolk, he re-entered parliamentary life. At the dissolution in 1812 he became member for Orford in the same county; from 1818 to 1827 he sat for St. Germans, in Cornwall, and from 1828 to 1830 he represented the constituency of St. Ives. His first wife was a daughter of William Clapcott Lisle, and a granddaughter of the Marquis of Cholmondeley. After her death Mr. Arbuthnot married Harriett, the third daughter of the Hon. Henry Fane. She died in 1834, and he died at Apsley House 18 Aug. 1850. The Duke of Wellington was much attached to Mr. Arbuthnot, who during the latter years of his life lived in the duke's house as his confidential friend.
W. P. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.7 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 61 | ii | 6 | Arbuthnot, Charles: after St. Ives insert and in 1830-1 the constituency of Ashburton |
# Czechoslovakia's tribute to the memory of Woodrow Wilson/Memorial meeting in honour of Woodrow Wilson

CZECHOSLOVAK NATIONAL COUNCIL
MEMORIAL MEETING IN HONOUR OF WOODROW WILSON HELD ON SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1924,AT 11. A. M.
PROGRAMME
Alex Quillmant: Funeral March. Professor Bedřich Wiederman at the Organ.
J. B. Förster: Hymnus. Prague Teachers’ Choir, conducted by Professor Method Doležil.
Address by Dr. Eduard Beneš, Czechoslovak Foreign Minister.
Speech by the Hon. Lewis Einstein, U. S . Minister at Prague.
J. Vašák: Funeral Adagio. Quartet of Bugle Horns. State Conservatoire of Music, Prague.
American and Czechoslovak National Anthems. Prague Teacher’s Choir.
SMETANA HALL, OBECNÍ DŮM
PRAHA
# Czechoslovakia's tribute to the memory of Woodrow Wilson/T. G. Masaryk, President of the Czechoslovak Republic, to Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States of America

* related portals: United States, Czechoslovakia, Letters.
* related authors: Thomas Woodrow Wilson.
T. G. MASARYK, President of the CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC to CALVIN COOLIDGE, President of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
great Idealist has departed: a true American, a devoted champion of American democratic Ideals, a sincere believer in humanity and mankind. In the name of the Czechoslovak Republic I express to you, your Government and the American Nation heartfelt sympathy. We are grateful to Wilson and the American Nation for helping us so magnanimously during the war and at the Peace Conference in recovering our liberty. Personally I am grieved at having lost a real friend.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1937, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 86 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# Czechoslovakia's tribute to the memory of Woodrow Wilson/M. Švehla's tribute in the Ministerial Council on February 4, 1924

* related portals: United States, Czechoslovakia, Modern speeches.
* related authors: Thomas Woodrow Wilson.
M. ŠVEHLA’S TRIBUTE
in the
MINISTERIAL COUNCIL
on February 4, 1924.
Woodrow Wilson, ex-President of the United States of America, is dead.
When during the World War our hopes of attaining freedom were at their weakest and our strength was giving out, the great deceased spoke and uttered words which like a clear mountain spring refreshed the wearied and thus we were inspired anew to hold out.
Wilson’s words were as clear and as clean as truth, for he spoke on behalf of right and justice.
By America’s decision the successful issue of the World War for the triumph of Right was assured.
America rendered Europe two kinds of help: physical and moral; the first was in the form of the greatest expansion of physical forces, whilst the second was moral support and consequently far more important than physical aid in the fight of Right against ruthless Might.
For this great deed we owe our gratitude to Wilson.
In December 1823 President Monroe announced his famous doctrine: America for the Americans: a hundred years later President Wilson enunciated a new and much loftier principle: America for Humanity, America for Right.
Wilson has died, not only as a son of America, but also as a great son of humanity and democracy.
All our future generations will remember the name of Wilson in connection with our national deliverance.
Wilson will always live in our memory and gratitude.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1933, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 90 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# Czechoslovakia Establishment Act

* related portals: Czech lands, World War I.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
The text of the first law of Czechoslovakia, establishing it as an independent state, was written by Alois Rašín, and his co-signatories were František Soukup, Antonín Švehla, Jiří Stříbrný and Vavro Šrobár. It was issued on 28 October 1918.
English-language translations of Zákon o zřízení samostatného státu československého include:
# Czechoslovaks! Join Our Free Colors

Layout 2
CZECHOSlOVAkS! JOIN
OUR FREE COLORS!
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse