# How to Play Chess (Rogers)/Chapter 13

CHAPTER XIII
CONCLUSION
When the student has reached this concluding chapter, he should have a thorough knowledge of the general principles of the moves, and understand the laws of the game. He should also be sufficiently familiar with the Openings and with End and Middle Game positions to meet, and compete favorably, with the average Chess player. In fact, there is no elementary point that can be discussed in a hand book on the game, that has not been explained and illustrated. But for that skill and scientific knowledge that distinguishes the professional from the amateur, he must play frequently with experienced players and also study the books that are devoted to some one particular feature of the game. A number of titles are given ​in the Bibliography which will prove helpful to the student who wishes to go more deeply into the subject.
Before closing, however, the student may be interested in working out some Chess problems for himself, and for this reason several have been selected from Curious Chess Problems in one of Staunton's books.
If the student cannot solve these problems, after he has given them a fair trial, he will find a Key following them.
Chess Problems.
Problem I.—White, playing first, mates in seven moves.
White's forces should be arranged thus:—K on Qsq., Kts. on QKt.3, and KB7, B on QKt.7, and Ps on QR2, QKt.2, K4, KB2, and KKt.7.
Black's forces should be arranged thus:—K on QB5, R on KKt.sq., Kt, on QB2, B on QKtsq., and Ps on QKt,5, QB4, K4, and KR2.
​Problem II.—White, playing first, compels Black to mate him in fourteen moves.
White's forces should be arranged thus:—K on KRsq., Q on QKt.3, Es on QKt.sq. and QBsq., Kts on QKt.8 and QB5, Bs on QB3 and KR5, and Ps on Q2, KB4, KKt.2 and KR2.
Black's forces should be arranged thus:—K on Ksq., Q on K8, Kts. on QBsq. and KKt.8, Bs on QR4 and KR6, Es on K5 and KB6, and Ps on Q6 and KB2.
Problem III.—White, playing first, mates in six moves.
Black's forces should be arranged thus:—K on QRsq., Bs on QBsq. and KR5, Kt. on K2, and Ps on QR2 and KKt.6.
White's forces should be arranged thus:—K on KRsq., B on KKt.2, E on Q5, Kt. on QB6, and Ps on QR6, QKt.6, KKt.4 and KR3.
Problem IV.—White, playing first, compels Black to mate him in eight moves.
​White's forces should be arranged thus:—K on Ksq., Q on K8, Kts. on KKt.3 and Q4, Rs on QRsq. and K7, Bs on QR2 and KB8, and Ps on KB2, K5, QB2 and QKt.2.
Black's forces should be arranged thus:—K on QR3, Q on QB5., Kts. on QKt. 2 and Q4, Rs on Q3 and QR5, and Ps on KKt.5 and KB6.
Problem V.—White, playing first, mates in four moves.
White's forces should be arranged thus:—K on Ksq., R on QBsq., B on QKt.4, Kts. on QKt.7 and Q7 and Ps on QB6 and QKt.3.
Black's forces should be arranged thus:—K on K3, R on KB4, Kt. on KR5, Bs on KR6 and KKt.8, and Ps on KB6 and K5.
In trying to solve these Problems, the student will find it helpful to notate his moves each time he tries, as it will save him, from repetition and will also help him to find where his judgment has been at fault if he fails.
Key to Chess Problems.
Problem I. :
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | Kt.—Q6(ch.) | K—Q6 |
| 2. | P—QR3 | R—Qsq. |
| 3. | P—KKt.8 (Becomes a Queen) | R×Q |
| 4. | Kt. QBsq.(ch.) | K removes. |
| 5. | K—Q2. | P—QB5 |
| 6. | QRP×P | Where he will. |
| 7. | Mates. |
| Problem II. |||
| 1. | Q×P(ch.) | K—Qsq. |
| 2. | B×B(ch.) | Kt.−QKt.3 |
| 3. | B×Kt.(ch.) | K−QBsq. |
| 4. | Q—KB8(ch.) | R—Ksq. |
| 5. | Q×R(ch.) | Q×Q |
| 6. | Kt.onB5—Q7 (dis. ch.) | K—Kt.2 |
| 7. | B×Kt. (dis.ch.) | K—Rsq. |
| 8. | B×R(ch.) | Q interposes. |
| 9. | P×B | Q—Q4 |
| 10. | B—K4 | Q—QB3 |
| 11. | B—Q4 | Q—QKt2 |
| 12. | R—Qsq. | Q—QB3 |
| 13. | Kt—QR6 | Q—Kt.2 |
| 14. | B—QR6 | Q×B ( Forced move, (mate) |
| Problem III |||
| 1. | P×QKt.7(ch.) | B×P |
| 2. | R—Q7 | Kt.×Kt.! ​ |
| 3. | R×B | Kt.—Qsq. |
| 4. | R—QKtsq.(dis.ch.) | Kt.×QKt.2 |
| 5. | R×Kt. | Where he will. |
| 6. | R×QKt.sq(dis.ch.) |
| | Mate. |
| Problem IV. |||
| 1. | Q—QR8(ch.) | K×Kt.3 |
| 2. | R×Kt.(ch.) | K removes. |
| 3. | B×R(ch.) | K×Kt. |
| 4. | O-O-O(ch.) | Q—Q6 |
| 5. | Q×R(ch.) | Kt.—QKt.5 |
| 6. | K—Kt.sq. | Q—Q7! |
| 7. | P—QB3(ch.) | K—Q6 |
| 8. | Q×Kt. | Q×R (Mate) (Forced move) |
| Problem V. |||
| 1. | Kt—Q8(ch.) | K—Q4 |
| 2. | O—O—O (ch.) | B interposes |
| 3. | B—QB5 | Any move. |
| 4. | R×B (mate). |
Examples of Master-Play.
The importance of going over examples of master-play has already been impressed upon the student and, for this reason, several games have been selected that the student should play over on his own board. He should have no difficulty in seeing why ​each move is made and in understanding the methods of attack and defense that are used.
Example I.—Opened with a Fianchetto Defense, and played between Paulsen (White) and "Alter" (Black), in London in 1862.
White plays first and gives mate with his twenty-fourth move. The game is notated thus:—
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | P—K4. | P—QKt3. |
| 2. | P—KKt3. | P—K3. |
| 3. | B—Kt2. | B—Kt2. |
| 4. | Kt—QB3. | P—KB4. |
| 5. | KKt—K2. | Kt—KB3. |
| 6. | P—Q3. | B—Kt5. |
| 7. | O—O. | B×Kt. |
| 8. | Kt×B. | P×P. |
| 9. | Kt×P. | Kt×Kt. |
| 10. | Q—R5(ch.) | P—Kt3. |
| 11. | Q—K5. | O—O. |
| 12. | P×Kt. | Kt—QB3. |
| 13. | Q—B3. | P—K4. |
| 14. | B—R6. | R—B2. |
| 15. | P—B4. | B−R3. |
| 16. | P×P. | B×R. ​ |
| 17. | R×B. | Q—K2. |
| 18. | R×R. | Q×R. |
| 19. | P—K6. | Q—K2. |
| 20. | P×P. | Kt—K4. |
| 21. | B—R3. | P—KKt4. |
| 22. | Q×P. | P—Kt5. |
| 23. | P queens (ch.) | Q×Q. |
| 24. | Q—Kt7(mate). |
Example II.—Opened with a King's Bishop's Gambit, and played between Kieseritzky (White) and Anderssen (Black).
White plays first and mates in his twenty-third move. The game is notated thus:—
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | P—K4. | P—K4 |
| 2. | P—KB4. | P×P. |
| 3. | B—B4. | Q—R5(ch.). |
| 4. | K—Bsq. | P—QKt4. |
| 5. | B×KtP. | Kt—KB3. |
| 6. | Kt—KB3. | Q—R3. |
| 7. | P—Q3. | Kt—R4. |
| 8. | Kt—R4. | Q—Kt4. |
| 9. | Kt—B5. | P—QB3. |
| 10. | P—KKt4. | Kt—B3. |
| 11. | R—Ktsq. | P×B. |
| 12. | P—KR4. | Q—Kt3. |
| 13. | P—R5. | Q—Kt4. ​ |
| 14. | Q—B3. | Kt—Ktsq. |
| 15. | B×P. | Q—B3. |
| 16. | Kt—B3. | B—B4. |
| 17. | Kt—Q5. | Q×P. |
| 18. | B—Q6. | B×R. |
| 19. | P—K5. | Q×R(ch.). |
| 20. | K—K2. | Kt—QR3. |
| 21. | Kt×P(ch.). | K—Qsq. |
| 22. | Q−B6(ch.) |
| | Mates in next move. |
This game is considered one of the most brilliant on record and is known among Chess players as the "Immortal Game."
Example III.—Opened from a Guioco Piano and played between Neuman (White) and Von Guretzky-Cornitz (Black), in Berlin in 1863.
White plays first, and after seventeen moves, Black resigns. The game is notated thus:—
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | P—K4. | P—K4. |
| 2. | Kt—KB3. | Kt—QB3. |
| 3. | B—B4. | B—B4. |
| 4. | P—B3. | Kt—B3. |
| 5. | P—Q4. | P×P. |
| 6. | O—O. | Kt×P. ​ |
| 7. | P×P. | B—K2. |
| 8. | P—Q5. | Kt—QKtsq. |
| 9. | R—Ksq. | Kt—Q3. |
| 10. | B—Kt3. | O—O. |
| 11. | Kt—B3. | Kt—Ksq. |
| 12. | P—Q6. | P×P. |
| 13. | R×B. | Q×R. |
| 14. | B—Kt5. | Kt—KB3. |
| 15. | Kt—Q5. | Q—Q sq. |
| 16. | Q—Q4. | Kt—B3. |
| 17. | Q—QR4. | Resigns. |
Example IV.—Opened with a French Defense and played between Blackburne (White) and Schwarz (Black) at the Berlin Congree in 1881.
White plays first and Black resigns after the twenty-eighth move. The game is notated thus:
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | P—K4. | P—K3. |
| 2. | P—Q4. | P—Q4. |
| 3. | Kt—QB3. | Kt—KB3. |
| 4. | P×P. | P×P. |
| 5. | Kt—B3. | B—Q3. |
| 6. | B—Q3. | P—B3. |
| 7. | O—O. | O—O. |
| 8. | Kt—K2. | B—KKt5. |
| 9. | Kt—Kt3. | Q—B2. ​ |
| 10. | B—K3. | QKt—Q2. |
| 11. | Q—Q2. | KR—K sq. |
| 12. | QR—K sq. | Kt—K5. |
| 13. | Q—B sq. | B×KKt. |
| 14. | P×B. | Kt×Kt. |
| 15. | RP×Kt. | B×P. |
| 16. | K—Kt2. | B—Q3. |
| 17. | R—R sq. | Kt—B sq. |
| 18. | R—R3. | P—KKt3. |
| 19. | QR—R sq. | QR—Q sq. |
| 20. | B—KKt5. | R—Q2. |
| 21. | P—QB4. | P×P. |
| 22. | B×BP. | P—KR4. |
| 23. | R—R4. | P—Kt4. |
| 24. | B—Kt3. | Kt—K3. |
| 25. | B—B6. | Kt—B5(ch.) |
| 26. | Q×Kt. | B×Q. |
| 27. | R×P. | P×R. |
| 28. | R×P. | Resigns. |
The final combination of forces in this game is said to be one of the most brilliant on record, and rarely surpassed in actual play.
Example V.—Opened with a Philidor's Defense, and played between Morphy (White) and Allies (Black) in 1858.
White plays first and mates in seventeen moves. The game is notated thus:—
| | white. | black. |
| 1. | P—4K. | P—K4. |
| 2. | Kt—KB3. | P—Q3. |
| 3. | P—Q4. | B—Kt5. |
| 4. | P×P. | B×Kt. |
| 5. | Q×B. | P×P. |
| 6. | B—QB4. | Kt—KB3. |
| 7. | Q—QKt3. | Q—K2. |
| 8. | Kt—B3. | P—B3. |
| 9. | B—KKt5. | P—QKt4. |
| 10. | Kt×P. | P×Kt. |
| 11. | B×QKtP (ch.). | QKt—Q2. |
| 12. | O—O—O | R—Q sq. |
| 13. | R×Kt. | R×R. |
| 14. | R—Qsq. | Q—K3. |
| 15. | B×R(ch.) | Kt×B. |
| 16. | Q—Kt8(ch.). | Kt×Q. |
| 17. | R—Q8(mate). |
From White's tenth move on, he plays a brilliant game and the student should study it carefully, as it shows accuracy and judgment.
These five examples of masterplay all illustrate a scientific knowledge of the game, and the student should play them over several times on his own board, as they will give him many points on the development of his forces after the positions ​attained by the opening moves, and they will, also, help him in gathering his men together for purposes of attack and defense.