OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Company v. Middlekamp

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
256 U.S. 226
St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Company v. Middlekamp
Argued: March 2 and 3, 1921. --- Decided: May 2, 1921
Messrs. Edward T. Miller, of St. Louis, Mo., and Henry S.C.onrad, of Kansas City, Mo., for appellant.
[Argument of Counsel from page 227 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Frank W. McAllister, of Paris, Mo., for appellees.
Mr. Justice HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Star Lore Of All Ages/Front matter

New York, London: G. P. Putnam's Sons
By William Tyler Olcott
A Field Book of the Stars
In Starland with a Three-Inch Telescope
Star Lore of the Ages
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/The Christmas Mousie

* related authors: Culmer Barnes.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
THE CHRISTMAS MOUSE
BY IDA KENNISTON
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Nature and Science/Fishes

scientific discovery aboard the USS Albatross
A wonderful new family of fishes
Hugh M. Smith and Lewis Radcliffe, of the United States Fisheries, have published a scientific description of this wonderful fish with the snare mouth, and have named it Thaumatichthys (from thauma, a wonder, and ichthus, a fish) pagidostomus (from pagis, a trap or snare, and stoma, a mouth). An under and an upper view of the snare mouth.
Therefore, this unusually long scientific name for a very small fish simply means, “a wonder fish with a trap mouth.”
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Just Be Good

JUST BE GOOD
BY JAMES ROWE
| If you need a lot of things Such as dear old Santa brings— Trumpets, bats, and things with springs— Just be good. He won't come within a mile Of the boy who has no smile And is grumbling all the while.— Just be good. If you need some whips or drums, Or a top that “sleeps” and hums, Every day, till Santa comes, Just be good. | Santa never tries to see Any bad-boy’s Christmas tree. “I ’ve no use for him,” says he. Just be good. He would never wish a boy To be missing fun and joy Just to get some little toy. No. He’s fair. Keep a manly, smiling chap Underneath your little cap! Then you need not care a rap.— He ’ll be there! |
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Mother Goose

* related authors: Arthur Rackham.
* sister projects: Commons category, Wikidata item.
Next instalment: St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 3/Mother Goose
| I Ring a ring o' roses A pocket full of posies! Hush! Hush! Hush! Hush! We all fall down together! | II Little Tommy Tucker Sings for his supper. What shall he eat? White bread and butter. How can he cut it Without e’er a knife? How can he marry Without e’er a wife? |
©$^{A.R.}$
“RING A RING O’ ROSES”
PAINTED FOR ST. NICHOLAS BY ARTHUR RACKHAM.
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Nature and Science

A Sioux Indian starting a fire by revolving a vertical stick.
* Fire-making in the olden days
* Boys handling bees
* A wonderful new family of fishes
* Because we want to know
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Nature and Science/Bees

Boys handling bees
The editor of “Nature and Science” demonstrating to the boys that honey-bees at certain times are easily handled.
It hardly seems necessary to add that young people should never attempt to handle bees in this way except by the consent and under the supervision of an expert.
# St. Nicholas/Volume 40/Number 2/Santa Claus

* related authors: George Timothy Tobin.
* sister projects: Commons category, Wikidata item.
“I ’VE SOMETHING FOR YOU!”
# Stealin'

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article.
A traditional song also known as "Stealin', Stealin", The song as we know it today was first recorded by the Memphis Jug Band as "Stealin' Stealin'." This recording session took place on September 15, 1928 in Memphis, TN
Stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be.
Now put your arms around me like the circle 'round the sun. I want you to love me mama like my easy rider done. If you don't believe I love you look what a fool I've been. If you don't believe I'm sinkin' look what a hole I'm in.
Stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be. I'm stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be.
The woman I'm lovin' she's just my height and size. She's a married woman come to see me some time. If you don't believe I love you look what a fool I've been. If you don't believe I'm sinkin' look what a hole I'm in.
I'm stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be. I'm stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be.
Stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be. I'm stealin', stealin', pretty mama don't you tell on me. I'm stealin' back to my same old used to be.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Steam-Engine Company v. Hubbard

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
101 U.S. 188
Steam-Engine Company v. Hubbard
ERROR to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Connecticut.
This is an action by the Providence Steam-Engine Company, a creditor of the Odorless Rubber Company, a joint-stock corporation organized under the laws of Connecticuit, to recover from Charles Hubbard, president of the latter company, the amount due by it to the plaintiff.
The remaining facts, and the statute of Connecticut under which the action is brought, are set forth in the opinion of the court.
Mr. Charles E. Perkins for the plaintiff in error.
Mr. A. P. Hyde, contra.
MR. JUSTICE CLIFFORD delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Stay Down Here Where You Belong

Down below Down Below Sat the devil talking to his son Who wanted to go Up above Up above He cried, "It's getting too warm for me down here and so I'm going up on Earth where I can have a little fun The Devil simply shook his head and answered his son
Stay down here where you belong The folks who live above you don't know right from wrong
To please their kings they've all gone out to war And not a one of them knows what he's fighting for
Way up above they say that I'm a Devil and I'm bad Kings up there are bigger devils than your dad
They're breaking the hearts of mothers Making butchers out of brothers You'll find more hell up there than there is down below
Kings up there They don't care For the mothers who must stay at home Their sorrows to bear Stay at home Don't you roam Although it's warm down below, you'll find it's warmer up there If e'er you went up there, my son, I know you'd be surprised You'd find a lot of people are not civilized
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1989, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 34 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agriculture/British Live Stock

See also Agriculture on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
British Live Stock.
The numbers of live stock in the United Kingdom are shown at five-yearly intervals in Table XII. Under horses are embraced only unbroken horses and horses used solely for agriculture (including mares kept for breeding). The highest and lowest annual totals for the United Kingdom in the period 1875–1905 were the following:
After 1892 cattle, which in that year numbered 11,519,417, and sheep declined continuously for three years to the totals of 1895, the diminution being mainly the result of the memorable drought of 1893. Sheep, which numbered 32,571,018 in 1878, declined continuously to 27,448,220 in 1882—a loss of over five million head in five years. This was chiefly attributable to the ravages of the liver fluke which began in the disastrously wet season of 1879. Pigs, being prolific breeders, fluctuate more widely in numbers than cattle or sheep, for the difference of 1,498,552 in their case represents one-third of the highest total, whereas the difference is less than one-seventh for horses, less than one-sixth for cattle, and less than one-fifth for sheep.
Table XII.—Numbers of Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Pigs in the United Kingdom.
The relative proportions as distinguished from the actual numbers—in which stock are distributed over the several sections of the United Kingdom do not vary greatly from year to year. Table XIII., in which the totals for the United Kingdom include those for the Channel Islands and Isle of Man, illustrates the preponderance of the sheep-breeding industry in the drier climate of Great Britain, and of the cattle-breeding industry in the more humid atmosphere of Ireland. In Great Britain in 1905, for every head of cattle there were about four head of sheep, whereas in Ireland the cattle outnumbered the sheep.
Table XIII.—Numbers of Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Pigs in the United Kingdom in 1905.
Again, whilst Great Britain possessed only half as many cattle more than Ireland, she possessed six times as many sheep. The cattle population of England alone slightly exceeded that of Ireland, but cattle are more at home on the broad plains of England than amongst the hills and mountains of Wales and Scotland, which are suitable for sheep. Hence, whilst in England sheep were not three times as numerous as cattle, in Wales they were nearly five times, and in Scotland nearly six times as many. Great Britain had twice as many pigs as Ireland, but the swine industry is mainly. English and Irish, and England possessed more than six times as many pigs as Wales and Scotland together, the number in the last-named country being particularly small. One English county alone, Suffolk, maintained more pigs than the whole of Scotland.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agriculture/Exports of Animals from the United Kingdom

See also Agriculture on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
Exports of Animals from the United Kingdom.
The general export trade of the United Kingdom in living animals represented an aggregate average annual value over the five years 1896–1900 of £1,017,000 as against £935,801 over the five years 1901–1905. To these sums the value of horses alone contributed about three-fourths, Belgium taking more than half the number of exported horses.
Table XXVI.—Quantities and Value of Home-bred Live Stock exported from the United Kingdom, 1900–1905. :
| Year. | Horses. | Cattle. | Sheep. | Pigs. | Other  Animals. |
| 1900 | 30,038 | 2,742 | 4,934 | 435 | 75,642 |
| 1901 | 27,612 | 1,648 | 2,761 | 378 | 68,012 |
| 1902 | 30,032 | 2,428 | 3,596 | 515 | 60,941 |
| 1903 | 34,798 | 2,736 | 5,579 | 776 | 52,095 |
| 1904 | 32,955 | 3,311 | 8,142 | 732 | 50,873 |
| 1905 | 47,708 | 3,938 | 8,378 | 931 | 50,307 |
| 1900 | 681,927 | 118,337 | 53,306 | 3032 | 45,241 |
| 1901 | 605,699 | 61,812 | 25,727 | 3437 | 45,476 |
| 1902 | 635,661 | 96,153 | 29,069 | 5053 | 56,691 |
| 1903 | 734,598 | 140,244 | 67,758 | 7053 | 48,335 |
| 1904 | 581,339 | 146,210 | 88,421 | 7850 | 43,868 |
| 1905 | 875,647 | 190,406 | 133,413 | 8024 | 41,061 |
The export trade in cattle, sheep and pigs is practically restricted to pedigree animals required for breeding purposes, and though its aggregate value is not large it is of considerable importance to stock-breeders, as it is a frequent occurrence for buyers for export—to Argentina, Australasia, Canada, the United States and elsewhere—to bid freely at the sale rings, and often to pay the highest prices, thus stimulating the sales and encouraging the breeding of the best types of native stock. Details for the six years 1900–1905 are summarized in Table XXVI.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agriculture/Sale of Cattle by Live Weight

See also Agriculture on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
Sale of Cattle by Live Weight.
In connexion with the internal live stock trade of Great Britain attention must be directed to the Markets and Fairs (Weighing of Cattle) Act 1891. The object of this measure is to replace the old-fashioned system of guessing at the weight of an animal by the sounder method of obtaining the exact weight by means of the weighbridge. The grazier buys and sells cattle much less frequently than the butcher buys them, so that the latter is naturally more skilled in estimating the weight of a beast through the use of the eye and the hand. The resort to the weighbridge should put both on an equality, and its use tends to increase. Under the act, as supplemented by an order of the Board of Agriculture in 1905, there were in that year 26 scheduled places in England and 10 in Scotland, or 36 altogether, from which returns were obtained. The numbers of cattle (both fat and store) weighed at scheduled places in 1893 and 1905 were respectively 7·59 and 18% of those entering those markets. The numbers for Scotland are greater throughout than those for England, 72% of the fat cattle entering the scheduled markets in Scotland in 1905 having been weighed, while in England the proportion was only 20%. Little use is made of the weighbridge in selling store-cattle, sheep or swine. As the main object of the act is to obtain records of prices, it follows that only in so far as statements of the prices realized, together with the description of the animals involved, are obtained, is the full advantage of the statute secured. In 1905 the average price per cwt. for fat cattle in Great Britain was 32s. 11d. as compared with 35s. 2d. in 1900.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aurelianus, Caelius

See also Caelius Aurelianus on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURELIANUS, CAELIUS, a physician of Sicca in Numidia, who probably flourished in the 5th century A.D., although some place him two or even three centuries earlier. In favour of the later date is the nature of his Latin, which shows a strong tendency to the Romance, and the similarity of his language to that of Cassius Felix, also an African medical writer, who about 450 wrote a short treatise, chiefly based on Galen. We possess a translation by Aurelianus of two works of Soranus of Ephesus (2nd century), the chief of the “methodist” school of medicine, on chronic and acute maladies—Tardae or Chronicae Passiones, in five, and Celeres or Acutae Passiones in three books. The translation, which is especially valuable since the original has been lost, shows that Soranus possessed considerable practical skill in the diagnosis of ordinary and even of exceptional diseases. It is also important as containing numerous references to the methods of earlier medical authorities. We also possess considerable fragments of his Medicinales Responsiones, also adapted from Soranus, a general treatise on medicine in the form of question and answer; it deals with rules of health (salutaria praecepta) and the pathology of internal diseases (ed. Rose, Anecdota Graeca et Latina, ii., 1870). Where it is possible to compare Aurelianus’s translation with the original—as in a fragment of his Gynaecia with Soranus’s Περὶ γυναικείων—it is found that it is literal, but abridged. There is apparently no MS. of the treatises in existence. (Editions: Amman, 1709; Haller, 1774.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aurangabad

See also Aurangabad, Maharashtra on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURANGABAD, or Aurungabad, a city of India, in the dominions of the nizam of Hyderabad, north-west division, situated 138 m. from Poona, 207 from Bombay via Poona, and 270 from Hyderabad on the river Kaum. It gives its name to a district. It was founded in 1610, under the name of Fatchnagar, by Malik Ambar, an Abyssinian, who had risen from the condition of a slave to great influence. Subsequently it became the capital of the Mogul conquests in the south of India. Aurangzeb, who erected here a mausoleum to his wife which has been compared to the Taj at Agra, made the city the seat of his government during his viceroyalty of the Deccan, and gave it the name of Aurangabad. It thus grew into the principal city of an extensive province of the same name, stretching westward to the sea, and comprehending nearly the whole of the territory now comprised within the northern division of the presidency of Bombay. Aurangabad long continued to be the capital of the succession of potentates bearing the modern title of nizam, after those chiefs became independent of Delhi. They abandoned it subsequently, and transferred their capital to Hyderabad, when the town at once began to decline. Aurangabad is a railway station on the Hyderabad-Godavari line, 435 m. from Bombay. In 1901 the population, with military cantonments, was 36,837, showing an increase of 8% in the decade. It has a cotton mill.
The district of Aurangabad has an area of 6172 sq. m. The population in 1901 was 721,407. It contains the famous caves of Ajanta, and also the battlefield of Assaye.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Auray

See also Auray on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURAY, a town of France near the mouth of the Auray river, in the department of Morbihan, 12 m. W. of Vannes on the railway between that town and Lorient. Pop. (1906) 5241. Its port, which is formed by the channel of the river and divides the town into two parts, is frequented by coasting and fishing vessels. The principal buildings are the church of St Esprit (13th century) now secularized; the Renaissance church of St Gildas; the town-hall (18th century); and, at a short distance from the town, the Carthusian monastery, now a deaf and dumb institute, on the site of the battle of 1364, at which Charles of Blois was defeated by John of Montfort (see Brittany: History). Adjoining the Chartreuse is a small chapel in which are preserved the bones of the Royalists captured by the Republicans in a battle fought near the spot in 1795. In the neighbourhood is the church of Sainte Anne d’Auray, one of the principal places of pilgrimage in Brittany. Auray is one of the chief centres in France for oyster-breeding, and carries on boat-building and sardine-fishing.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aurelia, Via

See also Via Aurelia on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURELIA, VIA, an ancient highroad of Italy, the date of the construction of which is unknown. It ran from Rome to Alsium, where it reached the sea, and thence along the south-west coast of Italy, perhaps originally only as far as Cosa, and was later extended to Vada Volaterrana, and in 109 B.C. to Genua and Dertona by means of the Via Aemilia, though a coast road as far as Genua at least must have existed long before. The name is applied in the Antonine Itinerary to these extensions, and even to the prolongation to Aries. Its line is in the main closely followed by the modern coast highroad; cf., however, for the section between Cosa and Populonia, O. Cuntz in Jahreshefte des Österr. arch. Instituts, vii. (1904), 54. (T. As.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aurelle de Paladines, Louis Jean Baptiste d'

See also Louis d'Aurelle de Paladines on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURELLE DE PALADINES, LOUIS JEAN BAPTISTE D’ (1804–1877), French general, was born at Malzieu, Lozère, on the 9th of January 1804. He was educated at St Cyr, and entered the army as sub-lieutenant of foot in 1824. He served with distinction in Algeria between 1841 and 1848, becoming lieut.-colonel and an officer of the Legion of Honour; took part in the Roman campaigns of 1848 and 1849, and was made colonel. He served as general of brigade throughout the Crimean War of 1854–56, being promoted general of division and commander of the Legion of Honour. During the campaign in Lombardy in 1859 he commanded at Marseilles, and superintended the despatch of men and stores to the seat of war, and for his services he was made a grand officer of the Legion of Honour. Placed on the reserve list in 1869, he was recalled to the Marseilles command on the outbreak of the Franco-German War of 1870–71. After the first capture of Orleans by the Germans, he was appointed by the Government of National Defence, in November 1870, to the command of the Army of the Loire. He was at first very successful against von der Tann-Rathsamhausen, winning the battle of Coulmiers and compelling the Germans to evacuate Orleans, but the capitulation of Metz had set free additional German troops to oppose him, and, after his defeat at Beaune la Rolande and subsequent unsuccessful fighting near Orleans, resulting in its recapture by the Germans in December, Aurelle retreated into the Sologne and was superseded. After the armistice he was elected to the National Assembly by the departments both of Allier and Gironde. He sat for Allier and was one of the fifteen officers chosen to assist in the peace negotiations. He was decorated with the grand cross of the Legion of Honour, and was given the command at Bordeaux, but retired in 1872. Elected a life senator in 1875, he supported the monarchical majority of 1876. He died at Versailles on the 17th of December 1877. He was the author of La Première Armée de la Loire, published in 1872.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aunt Sally

See also Aunt Sally on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AUNT SALLY, the English name for a game popular at fairs, race-courses and summer resorts. It consists in throwing hard balls, of wood or leather-covered yarn, at puppets dressed to represent different characters, originally a grotesque female figure called “Aunt Sally,” with the object of smashing a clay pipe which is inserted either in the mouth or forehead of the puppet. In France the game is popular under the name jeu de massacre. In a variation of the pastime the mark consists of a living person’s head thrust through a hole in a sheet of canvas. In case of a hit a second shy is allowed, or a small prize is given.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aura

See also Aura on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​AURA (from the Gr. for “breath” or “breeze”), a term used in old days to denote a supposed ethereal emanation from a volatile substance; applied later to the “electrical aura,” or air-current caused by electrical discharge; in epilepsy (q.v.) to one of its premonitory symptoms; and in spiritualism to a mysterious light associated with the presence of spirit-forms. See also Aureola.