OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Araroba Powder

See also Araroba powder on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ARAROBA POWDER, a drug occurring in the form of a yellowish-brown powder, varying considerably in tint, which derives an alternative name—Goa powder—from the Portuguese colony of Goa, where it appears to have been introduced about the year 1852. The tree which yields it is the Andira Araroba of the natural order Leguminosae. It is met with in great abundance in certain forests in the province of Bahia, preferring as a rule low and humid spots. The tree is from 80 to 100 ft. high and has large imparipinnate leaves, the leaflets of which are oblong, about 11/2 in. long and 3/4 in. broad, and somewhat truncate at the apex. The flowers are papilionaceous, of a purple colour and arranged in panicles. The Goa powder or araroba is contained in the trunk, filling crevices in the heartwood. It is a morbid product in the tree, and yields to hot chloroform 50% of a substance known officially as chrysarobin, which has a definite therapeutic value and is contained in most modern pharmacopoeias. It occurs as a micro-crystalline, odourless, tasteless powder, very slightly soluble in either water or alcohol; it also occurs in rhubarb root. This complex mixture contains pure chrysarobin (C$_{15}$H$_{12}$O$_3$), di-chrysarobin methylether (C$_{30}$H$_{23}$O$_7$·OCH$_3$), di-chrysarobin (C$_{30}$H$_{24}$O$_7$). Chrysarobin is a methyl trioxyanthracene and exists as a glucoside in the plant, but is gradually oxidized to chrysophanic acid (a dioxy-methyl anthraquinone) and glucose. This strikes a blood-red colour in alkaline solutions, and may therefore cause much alarm if administered to a patient whose urine is alkaline. The British pharmacopoeia has an ointment containing one part of chrysarobin and 24 of benzoated lard.
Both internally and externally the drug is a powerful irritant. The general practice amongst modern dermatologists is to use only chrysophanic acid, which may be applied externally and given by the mouth in doses of about one grain in cases of psoriasis and chronic eczema. The drug is a feeble parasiticide, and has been used locally in the treatment of ringworm. It stains the skin—and linen—a deep yellow or brown, a coloration which may be removed by caustic alkali in weak solution.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Arason, Jon

See also Jón Arason on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ARASON, JON (1484–1551), Icelandic bishop and poet, became a priest about 1504, and having attracted the notice of Gottskalk, bishop of Holar, was sent by that prelate on two missions to Norway. In 1522 he succeeded Gottskalk in the see of Holar, but he was soon driven out by the other Icelandic bishop, Ogmund of Skalholt. His exile, however, was brief, and some years after his return he became involved in a dispute with his sovereign, Christian III., king of Denmark, because he refused to further the progress of Lutheranism in the island. Then in 1548, when a large number of the islanders had accepted the reformed doctrines, Arason and Ogmund joined their forces and attacked the Lutherans. Civil war broke out, and in 1551 the bishop of Holar and two of his sons were captured and executed. Arason, who was the last Roman Catholic bishop in Iceland, is celebrated as a poet, and as the man who introduced printing into the island.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Aras

See also Aras (river) on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ARAS, the anc. Araxes, and the Phasis of Xenophon (Turk. and Arab. Ras, Armen. Yerash, Georg. Rashki), a river which rises south of Erzerum, in the Bingeul-dagh, and flows east through the province of Erzerum, across the Pasin plateau, and then through Russian Armenia, passing between Mount Ararat and Erivan, and forming the Russo-Persian frontier. Its course is about 600 m. long; its principal tributary is the Zanga, which flows by Erivan and drains Lake Gokcha or Sevanga. It is a rapid and muddy stream, dangerous to cross when swollen by the melting of the snows in Armenia, but fordable in its ordinary state. It formerly joined the Kura; but in 1897 it changed its lower course, and now runs direct to the Kizil-agach Bay of the Caspian. On an island in its bed stood Artaxata, the capital of Armenia from 180 B.C. to A.D. 50.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Arator

See also Arator on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ARATOR, of Liguria, a Christian poet, who lived during the 6th century. He was an orphan, and owed his early education to Laurentius, archbishop of Milan, and Ennodius, bishop of Pavia, who took great interest in him. After completing his studies, he practised with success as an advocate, and was appointed to an influential post at the court of Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths. About 540, he quitted the service of the state, took orders and was elected sub-deacon of the Roman Church. He gained the favour of Pope Vigilius, to whom he dedicated his De Actibus Aposlolorum (written about 544), which was much admired in the middle ages. The poem, consisting of some 2500 hexameters, is of little merit, being full of mystical and allegorical interpretations and long-winded digressions; the versification, except for certain eccentricities in prosody, is generally correct.
Text by Hübner, 1850. See Leimbach, “Der Dichter Arator,” in Theologische Studien und Kritik (1873); Manitius, Geschichte der christlich-lateinischen Poesie (1891).
# Gooding v. Oliver/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
58 U.S. 274
Gooding v. Oliver
This is an appeal from a decree of the circuit court of the United States for the district of Maryland.
The case involves the same questions, and is in all respects the same, as the case of the administrator of Williams against the executors of Oliver, just decided.
The decree of the court below is therefore reversed, and the case remanded to the court below.
Mr. Chief Justice TANEY, Mr. Justice McLEAN, and Mr. Justice DANIEL, dissented.
For the opinions of Mr. Chief Justice Taney and Mr. Justice Daniel, see the preceding case of Williams, administrator of Williams, v. Gibbes and Oliver, executors of Robert Oliver, deceased.
This cause came on to be heard on the transcript of the record from the circuit court of the United States for the district of Maryland, and was argued by counsel. On consideration whereof it is now here ordered, adjudged, and decreed by this court, that the decree of the said circuit court in this cause be and the same is hereby reversed with costs, and that this cause be and the same is hereby remanded to the said circuit court for further proceedings to be had therein, in conformity to the opinion of this court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Goodenough Horseshoe Manufacturing Company v. Rhode Island Horseshoe Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
154 U.S. 635
Goodenough Horseshoe Manufacturing Company v. Rhode Island Horseshoe Company
Mr. Chief Justice WAITE delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Goodfriday, 1613. Riding Westward

Let man's soul be a sphere, and then, in this, Th' intelligence that moves, devotion is; And as the other spheres, by being grown Subject to foreign motion, lose their own, And being by others hurried every day, Scarce in a year their natural form obey; Pleasure or business, so, our souls admit For their first mover, and are whirl'd by it. Hence is't, that I am carried towards the west, This day, when my soul's form bends to the East. There I should see a Sun by rising set, And by that setting endless day beget. But that Christ on His cross did rise and fall, Sin had eternally benighted all. Yet dare I almost be glad, I do not see That spectacle of too much weight for me. Who sees God's face, that is self-life, must die; What a death were it then to see God die? It made His own lieutenant, Nature, shrink, It made His footstool crack, and the sun wink. Could I behold those hands, which span the poles And tune all spheres at once, pierced with those holes? Could I behold that endless height, which is Zenith to us and our antipodes, Humbled below us? or that blood, which is The seat of all our souls, if not of His, Made dirt of dust, or that flesh which was worn By God for His apparel, ragg'd and torn? If on these things I durst not look, durst I On His distressed Mother cast mine eye, Who was God's partner here, and furnish'd thus Half of that sacrifice which ransom'd us? Though these things as I ride be from mine eye, They're present yet unto my memory, For that looks towards them; and Thou look'st towards me, O Saviour, as Thou hang'st upon the tree. I turn my back to Thee but to receive Corrections till Thy mercies bid Thee leave. O think me worth Thine anger, punish me, Burn off my rust, and my deformity; Restore Thine image, so much, by Thy grace, That Thou mayst know me, and I'll turn my face.
# Gooding v. Wilson
## Dissenting Opinions

    Burger
    Blackmun
Supreme Court of the United States
405 U.S. 518
Gooding, Warden v. Wilson
Appeal from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
No. 70-26. Argued: December 8, 1971 --- Decided: March 23, 1972
Georgia statute providing that "[a]ny person who shall, without provocation, use to or of another, and in his presence... opprobrious words or abusive language, tending to cause a breach of the peace... shall be guilty of a misdemeanor," which has not been narrowed by the Georgia courts to apply only to "fighting" words "which by their very utterance... tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace," Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S. 568, 572, is on its face unconstitutionally vague and overbroad under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Pp. 520-528.
431 F. 2d 855, affirmed.
BRENNAN, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which DOUGLAS, STEWART, WHITE, and MARSHALL, JJ., joined. BURGER, C.J., filed a dissenting opinion, post, p. 528. BLACKMUN, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which BURGER, C.J., joined, post, p. 534. POWELL and REHNQUIST, JJ., took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
Courtney Wilder Stanton, Assistant Attorney General of Georgia, argued the cause for appellant. With him on the brief were Arthur K. Bolton, Attorney General, Harold N. Hill, Jr., Executive Assistant Attorney General, Dorothy T. Beasley, Assistant Attorney General, and Franklin Pierce.
Elizabeth R. Rindskopf argued the cause for appellee. On the brief were Howard Moore, Jr., and Peter E. Rindskopf.
# Gooding v. Oliver

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
58 U.S. 274
Gooding v. Oliver
THIS was an appeal from the circuit court of the United States for the district of Maryland.
In its leading features, it was identical with the preceding case of Williams, administrator of Williams, against the same defendants.
Oliver had purchased Gooding's share in the Mexican Company, from Winchester, the trustee in insolvency, which was passed upon by the Baltimore county court and the Maryland court of appeals, under the same circumstances and at the same time with the preceding case.
Gooding died intestate, on the 15th of February, 1839, and John Glenn administered upon his estate on the 15th of February, 1852. John Gooding, Junior, the appellant, afterwards became the administrator de bonis non.
The circuit court dismissed the bill filed by the appellant, and it was argued in this court together with the preceding case.
Mr. Justice NELSON delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Goodenough Horseshoe Manufacturing Company v. Rhode Island Horseshoe Company/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
154 U.S. 635
Goodenough Horseshoe Manufacturing Company v. Rhode Island Horseshoe Company
The Rhode Island Horseshoe Company, a citizen of Rhode Island, sued the Goodenough Horseshoe Manufacturing Company, a citizen of New York, in the supreme court of the state of New York, to recover an amount alleged to be due upon an account for goods sold. Summons was served September 14, 1876; and October 5, 1876, judgment was rendered against the defendant upon default, in accordance with law and the practice of the court in such cases. The record of the judgment as sent here shows this state of facts, and nothing more.
On the 9th of October, the defendant moved the court to vacate the judgment, and, in support of that motion, produced affidavits tending to prove that on the 3d of October it had filed its petition for the removal of the cause to the circuit court of the United States. No effort was made, however, to correct the record as it stood so as to disclose this fact. This motion being denied, the defendant below sued out this writ of error, which the plaintiff now moves to dismiss for want of jurisdiction.
We can only re-examine the final judgment in the suit, and for that purpose must look alone to the record of that judgment as it is sent to us. If parts of the record below are omitted in the transcript, we may by certiorari have the omissions supplied, but we cannot here correct errors which actually exist in the record as it stands in the state court. For that purpose, application must be made there; and, if necessary, upon sufficient showing, we may remand the case in order that the court may proceed.
In this case the judgment was rendered October 5th, and the record of the judgment stopped then. What took place afterwards was nothing more than an attempt to avoid the judgment. The facts which it is claimed give us jurisdiction appear only in the record of this subsequent proceeding, over which we have no supervision. If the defendant below desires to bring the case here, it must take the necessary steps to correct the record, if in fact any error exists, so as to present the question it seeks to have decided. It is unnecessary for us to determine how this may be done, or whether the courts of the United States have authority to require the state court to act in that regard. All we do decide is that, until the record of the judgment we are called upon to examine discloses the question necessary to give us jurisdiction, we cannot proceed.
The motion to dismiss for want of jurisdiction is granted.
H. M. Ruggles, for plaintiff in error.
Charles Tracy, for defendant in error.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# H.Con.Res.6 (117th Congress)

117th congress (2021-2022)
117th CONGRESS 1st Session
H. CON. RES. 6
Directing the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, and the United States Capitol Police to prohibit President Donald John Trump from entering the United States Capitol at any time after the expiration of his term as President.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
January 13, 2021
Ms. Williams of Georgia submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on House Administration
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Directing the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, and the United States Capitol Police to prohibit President Donald John Trump from entering the United States Capitol at any time after the expiration of his term as President.
    Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),

### SECTION 1. PROHIBITING PRESIDENT TRUMP FROM ENTERING UNITED STATES CAPITOL.

    The Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate, and the United States Capitol Police shall take such actions as may be necessary to prohibit President Donald John Trump from entering the United States Capitol at any time after the expiration of his term as President.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# H.Con.Res.27 (117th Congress)

117th congress (2021-2022), Agreed to in the House of Representatives April 8, 2021, Agreed to in the Senate April 12, 2021.
117th CONGRESS 1st Session
H. CON. RES. 27
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the remains of the late United States Capitol Police Officer William F. Evans shall be permitted to lie in honor in the rotunda of the Capitol on April 13, 2021, and the Architect of the Capitol, under the direction of the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate, shall take all necessary steps for the accomplishment of that purpose.
# H.Con.Res.28 (117th Congress)

117th congress (2021-2022), Agreed to in the House of Representatives April 8, 2021, Agreed to in the Senate April 12, 2021.
117th CONGRESS 1st Session
H. CON. RES. 28
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the Architect of the Capitol is authorized and directed to transfer the catafalque which is situated in the Capitol Visitor Center to the rotunda of the Capitol so that such catafalque may be used in connection with services to be conducted there for United States Capitol Police Officer William F. Evans.
# H.Con.Res.2 (117th Congress)

117th congress (2021-2022)
117th CONGRESS 1st Session
H. CON. RES. 2
Expressing the sense of Congress that a commemorative postage stamp should be issued in honor of George Thomas “Mickey” Leland.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
January 4, 2021
Ms. Jackson Lee submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Reform
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Expressing the sense of Congress that a commemorative postage stamp should be issued in honor of George Thomas “Mickey” Leland.
    Whereas George Thomas Leland (affectionately known as “Mickey”), in the course of his 6 terms as a member of the House of Representatives from the State of Texas, emerged as a national spokesman regarding the problem of hunger in the United States and throughout the world;
    Whereas Mickey Leland was instrumental in establishing the Select Committee on Hunger and served as chairman of that committee until the time of his death;
    Whereas in the capacity of chairman of the Select Committee on Hunger, Mickey Leland helped generate public awareness of the complex issues relating to the alleviation of hunger and demonstrated strong personal moral leadership;
    Whereas it was his leadership that guided the Hunger Prevention Act of 1988, which required the Secretary of Agriculture not only to distribute surplus food, but also to purchase additional food for future distributions to needy households;
    Whereas Mickey Leland brought together entertainment personalities, religious leaders, and private volunteer agencies to generate public support for the African Famine Relief and Recovery Act of 1985, which provided $800,000,000 in food and humanitarian relief supplies;
    Whereas the various initiatives brought forth by Mickey Leland to eradicate world hunger undoubtedly saved thousands of lives;
    Whereas 2007 marks the 18th anniversary of Mickey Leland’s death;
    Whereas Mickey Leland died as he lived: on a mission to make a positive difference in this world; and
    Whereas commemorative postage stamps have been commissioned to honor other great leaders in American history: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That it is the sense of Congress that—
          (1) a commemorative postage stamp should be issued in honor of George Thomas “Mickey” Leland; and
          (2) the Citizens’ Stamp Advisory Committee should recommend to the Postmaster General that such a stamp be issued.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# H.Con.Res.30 (117th Congress)

117th congress (2021-2022), Passed the House of Representatives April 20, 2021, Passed the Senate April 21, 2021.
One Hundred Seventeenth Congress of the United States of America
AT THE FIRST SESSION
Begun and held at the City of Washington on Sunday, the third day of January, two thousand and twenty-one
Concurrent Resolution
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the two Houses of Congress assemble in the Hall of the House of Representatives on Wednesday, April 28, 2021, at 9:00 p.m., for the purpose of receiving such communication as the President of the United States shall be pleased to make to them.
Attest:
Clerk of the House of Representatives.
Attest:
Secretary of the Senate.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bayou

See also Bayou on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​BAYOU (pronounced bai-yoo, probably a corruption of Fr. boyau, gut), an “ox-bow” lake left behind by a river that has abandoned its old channel in the lower stages of its course. Good examples are found in Palmyra Lake, in the Mississippi valley below Vicksburg, and in Osage river, Missouri. As a river swings from side to side in a series of curves which widen laterally where the current is slow and the country more or less level, there is a tendency in flood times for the water to impinge more strongly upon the convex bank where the curve leaves the main channel. This bank will be eaten away, and the process will be repeated until the base of the “isthmus” is cut through, and the descending channel meets the returning curve, which is thus left stranded and filled with dead water, while the stream runs directly past it in the shorter course cut by the flood waters that deepen the new channel, and leave an isolated ox-bow lake in the old curve.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Baynes, Thomas Spencer

See also Thomas Spencer Baynes on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​BAYNES, THOMAS SPENCER (1823–1887), English editor and man of letters, the son of a Baptist minister, was born at Wellington, Somerset, on the 24th of March 1823. He studied at Edinburgh University, where he was a pupil of Sir William Hamilton, whose assistant he became and of whose views on logic he became the authorized exponent. This teaching was embodied in his Essay on the New Analytic of Logical Forms, published in 1850, the same year in which he took his London University degree. This was followed in the next year by a translation of Arnauld’s Port Royal Logic. In 1850 he had become editor of the Edinburgh Guardian, but after four years’ work his health gave way. He spent two years in Somerset and then went to London, becoming, in 1858, assistant editor of the Daily News. In 1864 he was appointed professor of logic metaphysics and English literature at the university of St Andrews, and in 1873 the editorship of the ninth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica was entrusted to him. He conducted it singly until 1881, when the decline of his health rendered it necessary to provide him with a coadjutor in the person of Prof. W. Robertson Smith. Baynes, however, continued to be engaged upon the work until his death on the 31st May 1887, shortly before its completion. His article on Shakespeare (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th ed.) was republished in 1894, along with other essays on Shakespearian topics and a memoir by Prof. Lewis Campbell.