OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Caldwell, Sir Alexander

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​CALDWELL, SIR ALEXANDER (1763–1839)
Son of William Caldwell : born Feb. 1, 1763 : educated at Woolwich, and joined the Bengal Artillery in 1783 : commanded at Midnapur in 1792 : was at Pondicherry in 1793 : in 1798 led the Artillery which defeated the Nizam's Army : he was at the battle of Malavilli, and the sieges of Seringapatam in 1799, and Gooty: in 1800 to Calcutta as A.D.C. to Maj-General G. Green. In 1811, he commanded the Artillery in Sir A. Auchmuty's expedition to Java, being present at the Batavia and Cornells engagements : commanded the Artillery at Agra in 181 2 against Zaman Shah : C.B. in 1817 : retired, 1821 : Maj-General and K.C.B. in 1839 : G.C.B. in 1838 : died Dec. 6, 1839.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cadell, Alan

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​CADELL, ALAN (1841–)
I.C.S. : born July 28, 1841 : son of John Cadell : educated at Edinburgh Academy and University and in Germany : entered the Bengal Civil Service, 1862 : was Commissioner of Agra and Rohilkund : Member of the Board of Revenue, and Member of the Legislative Council, United Provinces : acted as Lieutenant-Governor of the United Provinces, Jan. to Nov., 1895, and as temporary Member of the Governor-General's Supreme Council, Feb. to May, 1896 : C.S.I. in 1895 : retired in 1897.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cadell, Jessie Ellen

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​CADELL, JESSIE ELLEN (1844–1884)
Born Aug. 23, 1844 : daughter of William Nash, merchant, London : was an excellent French scholar : was in India, 1858–64 : went with her husband, Capt. Henry Mowbray Cadell (died 1867), to Peshawar : wrote a novel, Ida Craven, on frontier life, 1876 : and Worthy : learnt Hindustani, Persian and some Arabic, studied Omar Khayyam, and prepared a superior edition and translation, published, 1899 : wrote an article on it in Fraser's Magazine : was closely connected with the Anglo-Indian Association, 1873–81 : her health gave way, and she died June 17, 1884.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Cadell, Sir Robert

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​CADELL, SIR ROBERT (1825–1897)
General : son of H. F. Cadell : educated at Edinburgh Academy and Addiscombe : entered the Madras Artillery, 1843 : on the Turkish Staff in the Crimea, 1854–5 : served in the Indian mutiny : Inspr-General of Ordnance at Madras, 1876–81 : C.B., 1873 : General, 1883, and Colonel Commandant, R.A., 1885 : K.C.B., 1894 : died June 30, 1897.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Caine, William Sproston

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​CAINE, WILLIAM SPROSTON (1842–1903)
Born March 26, 1842, son of Nathaniel Caine, wine merchant : educated at Birkenhead Park School : entered his father's business : preached : was M.P. for Scarborough, 1880 : Civil Lord of the Admiralty, 1884 : M.P. for Barrow-in-Furness, 1886 : resigned his seat, 1886 : M.P. for E. Bradford, 1892–5, for Camborne from 1900 : Temperance and India were his two chief subjects : was a strong teetotaler, and advocate of advanced temperance : President of the National Temperance Federation, and of similar Associations : a severe critic of the Government of India, and great friend of the natives of India : paid much attention to the Indian Excise (liquor) question : was strongly opposed to the Opium trade : paid visits to India : criticized missionary work in India : was a Member of the Royal Commission on Indian Expenditure : died March 17, 1903 : wrote Picturesque India, and Young India.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Caird, Sir James

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​CAIRD, SIR JAMES (1816–1892)
One of the greatest authorities of his time on all agricultural subjects : son of James Caird, born June, 1816 : educated at Edinburgh High School and University : farmed for 20 years : engaged in the Free Trade controversy : reported on Ireland in 1850, and for the Times on agricultural depression : was M.P. for Dartmouth and the Stirling Burghs : 1857–65 : toured in America, and served on various Commissions : F.R.S., C.B. and K.C.B. in 1882 : visited India for six months in 1878–9, as a Member of Sir R. Strachey's Indian Famine Commission : published an account of his experiences, first in the Nineteenth Century, and afterwards in a volume, India, the Land and the People : was afterwards a Member of other Commissions on land questions : LL.D. of Edinburgh : on the Board of Agriculture in 1889, and Privy Councillor : died Feb. 9, 1892.
# Dictionary of Indian Biography/Caillaud, John

* related portals: John Caillaud.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
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​CAILLAUD, JOHN (1724–1812)
Born 1724 : joined Onslow's regt., afterwards the 8th King's, in 1743 : fought at Fontenoy and Culloden : petitioned the E.I. Co. for a Commission in 1752 : ​joined Stringer Lawrence at Trichinopoly with troops in 1753 : was repulsed before Madura in April, 1757 : defended Trichinopoly : defeated the Mysoreans near Madura : in Nov. 1759. he arrived at Calcutta, appointed to the chief military command in Bengal : took command of the British force co-operating with the Nawab of Bengal to protect Bihar against the Shahzada : defeated the Emperor at Sirsi, Feb. 22, 1760 : took a prominent part in deposing Mir Jafar, and setting up Mir Kasim : Lt-Colonel in the E. Indies, Jan. 1760 : reverted to Madras, 1761 : Brig-General, 1763 : appointed C. in C, Madras, in succession to Lawrence, 1766 : took possession of the Northern Sircars for the E. I. Co. in 1766 : concluded a treaty with Nizam Ali of Hyderabad to pay a yearly tribute of 7 lakhs for the Sircars : resigned, Jan. 1767, and went to England : D.C.L., Oxford, 1773 : he died in England, at Aston Rowant, Dec. 26, 1812.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darrell, Thomas

​DARRELL, THOMAS, D.D. (fl. 1572), catholic divine, a native of London, was educated at New College, Oxford, whence he was ejected in 1 Eliz. for refusing to take the oath of supremacy. He then studied theology in the university of Louvain, and in 1569, on Dr. Allen's invitation, went to Douay, and was very serviceable in founding the English college, to which, being a man of property, he was a liberal benefactor. He graduated B.D. in the university of Douay in 1571, and D.D. in January 1571–2. Eventually he settled in Gascony, where he was chaplain to a French bishop, who bestowed upon him a valuable benefice.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darnall, John (d.1706)

​DARNELL, Sir JOHN, the elder (d. 1706), lawyer, son of Ralph Darnall of Loughton's Hope, near Pembridge, Herefordshire, ​clerk to the parliament during the Protectorate (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1653–4, p. 282), was assigned in 1680 to argue an exception taken by the Earl of Castlemaine, on his trial for complicity in the supposed popish plot, to the evidence of Dangerfield, on the ground that the witness had been convicted of felony. Scroggs inclined for a while in favour of the exception, but eventually overruled it. He also defended a certain John Giles, tried for the murder of a justice of the peace named Arnold in the same year. In 1690 he was assigned by special grace of the court to show cause why one Crone, who had been found guilty of raising money for the service of the late king and sentenced to death, should not be executed. He raised the somewhat technical point that the indictment was bad because the indorsement contained a clerical error, ‘vera’ being spelt ‘verra.’ He was called to the degree of serjeant in 1692, defended Peter Cooke charged with conspiring to assassinate the king in 1696, became king's serjeant in 1698, and was knighted on 1 June 1699. The same year he appeared with the attorney-general (Sir Thomas Trevor) for the crown on an information brought against Charles Duncombe, cashier of the excise office, for falsely endorsing exchequer bills and paying them into the excise office with intent to defraud the revenue. The case broke down, no fraud being proved. In 1702 he was employed on the prosecution of William Fuller, an imitator of Titus Oates. He was engaged in the prosecution of John Tutchin, the author of the ‘Observator,’ for seditious libel in 1704. He died at his house in Essex Street, Strand, on 14 Dec. 1706, and was buried in the chancel of St. Clement Danes.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darnell, George

​DARNELL, GEORGE (1798–1857), was an eminent schoolmaster, who established, and conducted for many years, a large day school at Islington. With a somewhat feeble body, but an active and shrewd mind and a kind heart, he occupied himself much with efforts to render the beginnings of school work less uninviting to the pupil by making them more easy for both pupil and teacher, as exhibited in his ‘Short and Certain Road to Reading,’ his ‘Grammar made Intelligible to Children,’ and his ‘Arithmetic made Intelligible to Children,’ which for many years had an enormous sale. The prefaces to these little works, abounding in good sense and in practical suggestions, have been helpful to teachers, and many of the principles he formulated, which were new at the time, are now almost universally recognised. His series of copybooks have been long and widely used, and for many years ‘Darnell's Copybooks’ was a phrase familiar as a household word. They were started about 1840, and Darnell was the first to introduce the ​plan of giving a line of copy in pale ink to be first written over by the pupil, then to be imitated by him in the next line, the copy being thus always under the young writer's eye. Darnell died at Gibson Square, Islington, on 26 Feb. 1857, aged 58 (Gent. Mag. 1857, i. 499).
[Private information.]
C. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dart, John

​DART, JOHN (d. 1730), antiquary, was bred an attorney, but meeting with little success in that profession, he turned to the church as a means of subsistence. Although his life could not be regarded as exemplary, he contrived to obtain a title for orders, and in 1728 was presented by the master of St. Cross Hospital, Winchester, to the perpetual curacy of Yateley, Hampshire. He served the church there from the neighbouring village of Sandhurst, Berkshire, where he died in December 1730, and was buried on the 20th at Yateley. By his handwriting in the parish register he appears to have been a more than ordinary scribe for those days. He obliged the world with a modernised version of Chaucer's supposititious poem, ‘The Complaint of the Black Knight,’ 8vo, London, 1718; a ridiculous ‘Life’ of Chaucer prefixed to Urry's edition, fol. London, 1721; and a truly wretched paraphrase of Tibullus, 8vo, London, 1720. Still worse is ‘Westminster Abbey, a poem,’ 8vo, London, 1721, afterwards included in his ‘Westmonasterium.’ He is now only remembered by his ‘History and Antiquities of the Cathedral Church of Canterbury,’ fol. London, 1726, and ‘Westmonasterium; or the History and Antiquities of the Abbey Church of St. Peter's, Westminster,’ 2 vols. fol. London, 1742, which sold for less than the engravings were worth. Of the former work Gough (British Topography, i. 452) says that if Dart ‘had done as much justice to his subscribers as his engravers did, his book would have been a much more valuable one than it is,’ a remark which applies equally to both performances. A mezzotint engraving of Dart by J. Faber is prefixed to the ‘Westmonasterium.’
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darrell, William

​DARRELL, WILLIAM (1651–1721), jesuit, was probably the only son of Thomas Darrell, esq., of Scotney Castle, Sussex, by his second wife, Thomassine Marcham (Foley, Records, iii. 477, and pedigree). He was born in Buckinghamshire in 1651, entered the Society of Jesus on 7 Sept. 1671, and was professed of the four vows, 25 March 1689 (ib. vii. pt. i. p. 196). In 1696 he was procurator of the province in Paris. He was prefect of studies in the college at St. Omer in 1696, and subsequently filled the same office at Liège (1699–1700). He was also professor of casuistry at Liège, and rector of the college from 17 Nov. 1708 to 29 Jan. 1711–12. In 1712 he again became procurator of the province in Paris. He died in the college of St. Omer on 28 Feb. 1720–1.
His works are: 1. ‘A Letter on King James the Second's most gracious Letters of Indulgence,’ 1687, 4to. 2. ‘The Lay-man's Opinion, sent in a Private Letter to a considerable Divine of the Church of England. By W. D.,’ 1687, 8vo (Jones, Popery Tracts, i. 77). 3. ‘A Letter to a Lady, wherein he desires a conference with the gentleman who writ her a letter, furnishing her with Scripture testimonies against the principal points and doctrines of Popery’ [London, 1688], sm. sh. fol. (ib. ii. 318). 4. ‘The Vanity of Human Respects,’ a sermon, 1688, 4to (ib. ii. 454). 5. ‘A Vindication of St. Ignatius (founder of the Society of Jesus) from Phanaticism, and of the Jesuites from the Calumnies laid to their charge in a late book [by Henry Wharton] entitul'd the Enthusiasm of the Church of Rome,’ London, 1688, 4to. 6. ‘Discourses of Cleander and Eudoxus upon the Provincial Letters,’ translated from the French of Père Daniel, London, 1701 and 1704, 8vo. 7. ‘Theses Theologicæ,’ Liège, 1702, 4to. 8. ‘The Gentleman Instructed in the conduct of a Virtuous and Happy Life. Written for the Instruction of a young Nobleman: to which is added A Word to the Ladies, by way of supplement,’ 10th edition, London, 1732, 8vo. This work, which first appeared probably in 1708, has been translated into Hungarian and Italian. 9. ‘Moral Reflexions on the Epistles and Gospels,’ 4 vols. London, 1711, 12mo, frequently reprinted. 10. ‘The Case reviewed; or an Answer to the Case stated by Mr. L——y. In which it is clearly shewed that he has stated the Case wrong between the Church of Rome and the Church of England,’ 2nd edition, London, 1717, 12mo. This was in reply to Dr. Charles Leslie's ‘Case stated between the Church of Rome and the Church of England,’ 1711, reprinted 1848. Darrell's answer passed through at least three editions. 11. ‘Treatise of the Real Presence, in answer to the author of the Case stated,’ 2 parts, London, 1721, 12mo. It appears to have been reprinted in 1724, and embodies a refutation of Archbishop Ussher's ‘Answer to a Challenge of a Jesuit [W. Malone] in Ireland,’ Dublin, 1624, 4to.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darnall, John (1672-1735)

​DARNALL, Sir JOHN, the younger (1672–1735), lawyer, son of Sir John Darnall the elder [q. v.], defended in 1710 Dammaree, Willis, and Purchase, the ringleaders in a riot in the neighbourhood of Lincoln's Inn Fields, when some meeting-houses were wrecked by way of showing sympathy with Sacheverell. The indictment was laid for high treason, and Dammaree was found guilty and sentenced, but ultimately pardoned. In 1714 Darnall was called to the degree of serjeant-at-law, and knighted in 1724. In 1717 his opinion was taken on the question whether the king was entitled to the custody of his grandchildren. Darnall advised ‘that by the law of England every subject hath a right to the custody of his own children,’ and that he knew of ‘no distinction in the case of the royal family.’ In 1719 he appeared for the crown in the case of the Rev. William Hendley, indicted at Rochester for obtaining money for the use of the Pretender under pretence of charity. In 1724 he was appointed steward of the palace court, commonly known as the Marshalsea. In the case of Major Oneby, indicted at the Old Bailey in 1726 for the murder of one Gower, whom he had killed in a rencounter in a tavern in Drury Lane, the jury returned a special verdict. The question was whether the facts amounted to murder or rested in manslaughter. Darnall argued the point before the court of king's bench. Oneby, being convicted of murder, committed suicide by opening a vein on the night before the day appointed for the execution. Darnall successfully defended in 1730 Thomas Bambridge [q. v.], late warden of the Fleet, on his trial for the murder of a prisoner. In 1733 he was placed on a commission appointed to inquire into the fees charged in the courts of justice. He died in September 1735, aged 63 (Hist. Reg. Chron. Diary, 1735, p. 43). Darnall married Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Jenner. He had a magnificent house at Petersham, Surrey.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Darnell, Thomas

​DARNELL, Sir THOMAS (d. 1640?) patriot, created baronet at Whitehall on 6 Sept. 1621, was committed to the Fleet prison in March 1627, by warrant signed only by the attorney-general, for having refused to subscribe to the forced loan of that year. Application for a habeas corpus having been made on his behalf, the writ was issued returnable on 8 Nov. 1627. The case came on for argument on 15 Nov. Meanwhile a warrant for Darnell's detention had been signed by two privy councillors, in which, however, no ground for confinement was alleged except the special command of the king. Darnell was represented by Serjeant, afterwards Sir John, Bramston [q. v.], but asked for time to consider his new position, which being granted, he was remanded. The cases of his four comrades, Corbet, Earl, Heveringham, and Hampden, were proceeded with, Bramston, Noy, Calthorpe, and Selden being for the applicants, and the attorney-general, Heath, representing the crown. On 22 Nov. Chief-justice Hyde gave judgment, in which his colleagues Dodderidge, Jones, and Whitelocke concurred, to the effect that the returns to the writs were sufficient. The prisoners remained in custody until 29 Jan. 1627-8, when they were released. Darnell was living in 1634, and died before 1640. By his wife Sara, daughter of Thomas Fisher, and sister of Sir Thomas Fisher, bart., he had no male issue. His estates were in Lincolnshire.
[Nichols's Progresses (James I), iii. 722; Cal. State Papers, Dom. (1627-8), p. 81 (1633-4), p. 233; Cobbett's State Trials, ii. 4, 51; Burke's Baronetage.]
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Barnard, Charlotte Alington

​BARNARD, CHARLOTTE ALINGTON (1830–1869), who for about ten years, under the pseudonym of Claribel, enjoyed a reputation as a writer of ballads, was born 23 Dec. 1830. On 18 May 1854, she was married to Mr. Charles Cary Barnard, and about four years after her marriage began to compose the songs which for a time were so extraordinarily popular. What little education she received in the science of music was from Mr. W. H. Holmes, though she had singing lessons from Mesdames Parepa and Sainton-Dolby, and also from Signori Mario and Campana. Between 1858 and 1869 she wrote about one hundred ballads, the majority of which, though popular in their day, are now forgotten. She usually wrote the words of her songs, and published a volume of 'Thoughts, Verses and Song,' besides which a volume of her 'Songs and Verses' was printed for private circulation. She died at Dover 3U Jan. 1869, where she is buried in the cemetery of St. James's.
[The Choirmaster, March 1869, information from Mr. C. C. Barnard.]
W. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Barnard, Edward (1717-1781)

1904 Errata appended.
​BARNARD, EDWARD (1717–1781), provost of Eton, born in 1717, was the son of a Bedfordshire clergyman. He was on the foundation at Eton, but, becoming superannuated, entered at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he became B.A. 1736, M.A. 1742, B.D. 1760, and D.D. 1766. He was fellow of his college from March 1743-4 to 1766. In 1762 he was at Eton as tutor to Henry Townshend, brother to Lord Sydney, and he became also tutor to George Hardinge, afterwards Welsh justice, whose recollections of Barnard are given at length in Nichols's 'Anecdotes' (viii. 643). Barnard succeeded Sumner as head master of Eton in 1764. and raised the numbers of the school from three hundred to five hundred. He received a canonry of Windsor in 1761, and in 1764 became provost of Eton. He was also rector of St. Paul's Cray, Kent. He died 2 Dec. 1801. A tablet to his memory, with an inscription, is in Eton College chapel. Barnard, according to Hardinge, was a man of coarse features and clumsy figure, but with a humour and vivacity which, but for his physical disadvantages, would have made him the equal of Garrick; and he ruled his boys chiefly by force of ridicule. Upon Barnard's death Johnson, according to Mrs. Piozzi, pronounced a long eulogium upon his wit, learning, and goodness, and added; 'He was the only man that did justice to my good breeding, and you may observe that I am well bred to a needless degree of scrupulosity.' He is not to be confounded with Thomas Barnard, the bishop of Killaloe and Limerick [q. v.], who was also a friend of Johnson.
[Nichols's Lit. Anecdotes, vol. viii.; Baker's History of St. John's College, ed. Mayor, i. 306.]
L. S.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.16 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 237 | ii | 18 | Barnard, Edward: for 1761 read 1760 |
| | | 19 | for 1164 read 1765 |
| | | 21 | for 1801 read 1781 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Barnard, John (d.1683)

1904 Errata appended.
​BARNARD or BERNARD, JOHN, D.D. (d. 1683), the biographer of Dr. Heylyn, was the son of John Barnard, and was born at Castor, in Lincolnshire. He was educated at the grammar school of his native place, and at Cambridge, where he was a pensioner of Queens' College. In 1648 he proceeded to Oxford, where, by preferment of the board of visitors, he was granted the degree of B.A. on 15 April, and on 29 Sept. following was presented to a fellowship of Lincoln College. In 1651 he proceeded to his M.A. degree, and became then for some time a preacher in and near Oxford. He married the daughter of Dr. Peter Heylyn at Abingdon, and afterwards purchased the perpetual advowson of the living of Waddington, near Lincoln, which he held for some time, together with that of Gedney in the same county. Conforming after the Restoration, he was made prebendary of Asgardby in the church of Lincoln 13 April 1672, and in the year 1669 was granted the degrees of B.D. and D.D. in succession.
Barnard was the author of a pamphlet in three sheets quarto, entitled ‘Censura Cleri, against scandalous ministers not fit to be restored to the church's livings in prudence, piety, and fame.’ This was published in the latter end of 1659 or beginning of 1660, ‘to prevent such from being restored to their livings as had been ejected by the godly party in 1654–55.’ His name is not set to this pamphlet, and Wood says he did not care afterwards, when he saw how the event proved, to be known as its author. He is best known as the author of ‘Theologo-Historicus, a true life of the most reverend divine and excellent historian, Peter Heylyn, D.D., sub-dean of Windsor’ (London, 1683, 8vo). This was published, according to the author, to correct the errors, supply the defects, and confute the calumnies of George Vernon, M.A., rector of Burton in Gloucester, who had brought out a life of Dr. Heylyn in 1682. Printed with ‘Theologo-Historicus’ was an answer to Mr. Baxter's false accusation of Dr. Heylyn. Barnard also wrote a catechism for the use of his parish, and left behind him a manuscript tract against Socinianism, which was never printed. He died on 17 Aug. 1683 at Newark, while on a journey to the Spa, and was buried in his own church of Waddington.
[Wood's Athenæ (Bliss), iv. 496; Kippis's Biog. Britann.]
R. H.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.16 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 239 | i | 5-4 f.e. | Barnard, John (d. 1683): for Asgarty read Asgardby |