OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abrocomes

​ABRO'COMES (Ἀβροκόμης) and his brother Hyperanthes (Ὑπεράνθης), the sons of Darius by Phratagune, the daughter of Artanes, were slain at Thermopylae while fighting over the body of Leonidas. (Herod. vii. 224.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abron 2.

​2. The son of Callias, of the deme of Bate in Attica, wrote on the festivals and sacrifices of the Greeks. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Βατή.) He also wrote a work περὶ παρωνύμων, which is frequently referred to by Stephanus Byz. (s.v. Ἀγάθη, Ἄργος, &c.) and other writers.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abron 3.

​3. A grammarian, a Phrygian or Rhodian, a pupil of Tryphion, and originally a slave, taught at Rome under the first Caesars. (Suidas, s. v. Ἄβρων.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abronychus

​ABRO'NYCHUS (Ἀβρώνυχος), the son of Lysicles, an Athenian, was stationed at Thermopylae with a vessel to communicate between Leonidas and the fleet at Artomisium. He was subsequently sent as ambassador to Sparta with Themistocles and Aristeides respecting the fortifications of Athens after the Persian war. (Herod. viii. 21 ; Thuc. i. 91.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abrotonum

​ABRO'TONUM (Ἀβρύτονον), a Thracian harlot, who according to some accounts was the mother of Themistocles. There is an epigram preserved recording this fact. (Plut. Them. 1; Athen. xiii. p. 576, c.; Aelian, V. H. xii. 43.) Plutarch also refers to her in his Ἐρωτικὸς (p. 753d.); and Lucian speaks of a harlot of the same name (Dial. Meretr. 1).
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abrocomas

​ABRO'COMAS (Ἀβροκόμας), one of the satraps of Artaxerxes Mnemon, was sent with an army of 300,000 men to oppose Cyrus on his march into upper Asia. On the arrival of Cyrus at Tarsus, Abrocomas was said to be on the Euphrates; and at Issus four hundred heavy-armed Greeks, who had deserted Abrocomas, joined Cyrus. Abrocomas did not defend the Syrian passes, as was expected, but marched to join the king. He burnt some boats to prevent Cyrus from crossing the Euphrates, but did not arrive in time for the battle of Cunaxa. (Xen. Anab. i. 3. § 20, 4. § 3, 5, 18, 7. § 12; Harpocrat. and Suidus, s. v.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abronius Silo

​ABRO'NIUS SILO, a Latin Poet, who lived in the latter part of the Augustan age, was a pupil of Porcius Latro. His son was also a poet, but degraded himself by writing plays for pantomimes. (Senec. Suas. ii. p. 21. Bip.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abrota

​ABRO'TA （Ἀβρώτη), the daughter of Onchestus, the Boeotian, and the wife of Nisus, king of Megaris. On her death Nisus commanded all the Megarian women to wear a garment of the same kind as Abrota had worn, which was called aphabroma (ἀφἀβρωμα), and was still in use in the time of Plutarch. (Quaest. Graec. p. 295,a.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Abron 1.

​ABRON or HABRON (Ἄβρων or Ἅβρων). 1 Son of the Attic orator Lycurgus. (Plut. Vit dec. Orat. p. 843.)
# Conspiracy to murder the United States Attorney for the District of Oregon

United States Attorneys' Bulletin. November 15, 1990. Volume 38, Number 11. United States Department of Justice. Executive Office for United States Attorneys. Washington, DC. www.justice.gov.
United States Attorneys' Bulletin
United States Attorneys' Bulletin
United States Department of Justice United States Attorney For The District Of Oregon
November 15, 1990
United States Attorney For The District Of Oregon
Four former members of a cult headed by the late Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh have been arrested and charged with conspiracy to murder the United States Attorney for the District of Oregon, Charles H. Turner. In January, 1985, United States Attorney Turner began directing federal grand jury investigation into alleged violations of U.S immigration laws by the Bhagwan and those of his followers who had participated in fraudulent marriages in order to remain in the United States. The investigation uncovered evidence which exposed the Bhagwan and many cult members to potential criminal prosecution imprisonment and deportation. The Bhagwan pled guilty in November, 1985, to conspiracy to commit immigration fraud and was deported to India where he died last January.
Charged in the case are Catherine Jane Stubbs, also known as Ma Shanti Bhadra, reportedly an Australian citizen; Susan Lissanevitch, also known as Ma Anand Su, reportedly British citizen; Ann Phyllis McCarthy, also known as Ma Yoga Vidya, reportedly German citizen; and Richard Kevin Langford, also known as Swami Anugiten, reportedly an American citizen. Stubbs and Langford were arrested in West Germany while Lissanevitch was arrested in England and McCarthy in South Africa. In addition to the murder conspiracy charge, each was charged with the illegal interstate transportation of firearms. These arrests follow the guilty plea by another former member of the cult, Alma Peralta, also known as Ma Dhyan Yogini, of Tucson Arizona. All five had been followers of Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, who presided over the commune of as many as 4000 followers between August, 1981 and November, 1985.
Attorney General Dick Thornburgh said, "The risks associated with the job of federal prosecutor have never been more apparent than in this particular case. I am especially pleased that the five-year investigation into the conspiracy plot to murder Charles Turner has resulted in the arrest of those responsible for this sinister plan and that they will be held accountable for their outrageous criminal behavior."
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Constab Ballads

One of the first books published in Jamaican Patois
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CONSTAB BALLADS
CLAUDE McKAY
CONSTAB BALLADS
BY THE SAME AUTHOR
To be had in Jamaica from Aston Gardner & Co., Harbour Street Kingston (price 1s. 6d. net, postage 2d.); and in London from the Jamaica Agency, Gamage Building, Holborn, E.C. (price 2s. net, postage 2d.).
CONSTAB BALLADS
BY
CLAUDE McKAY
London: WATTS & CO., 17 JOHNSON’S COURT, FLEET STREET, E.C. 1912
To
LIEUT.-COL. A. E. KERSHAW,
INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF CONSTABULARY,
AND TO
INSPECTOR W. E. CLARK,
UNDER WHOM THE AUTHOR HAD
THE HONOUR OF SERVING,
THIS VOLUME IS
RESPECTFULLY AND GRATEFULLY DEDICATED.
PREFACE
Let me confess it at once. I had not in me the stuff that goes to the making of a good constable; for I am so constituted that imagination outruns discretion, and it is my misfortune to have a most improper sympathy with wrong-doers. I therefore never “made cases,” but turning, like Nelson, a blind eye to what it was my manifest duty to see, tried to make peace, which seemed to me better.
Moreover, I am, by temperament, unadaptive; by which I mean that it is not in me to conform cheerfully to uncongenial uses. We Blacks are all somewhat impatient of discipline, and to the natural impatience of my race there was added, in my particular case, a peculiar sensitiveness which made certain forms of discipline irksome, and a fierce hatred of injustice. Not that I ever openly rebelled; but the rebellion was in my heart, and it was fomented by the inevitable rubs of daily life––trifles to most of my comrades, but to me calamities and tragedies. To relieve my feelings, I wrote poems, and into them I poured my heart in its various moods. This volume consists of a selection from these poems.
The life was, as it happened, unsuited to me, and I to ​it; but I do not regret my experiences. If I had enemies whom I hated, I also had close friends whom I loved.
One word in conclusion. As constituted by the authorities the Force is admirable, and it only remains for the men themselves, and especially the sub-officers, to make it what it should be, a harmonious band of brothers.
C. McK.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1948, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 75 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philiscus (literary) 4.

​4. Of Corcyra, a distinguished tragic poet, and one of the seven who formed the Tragic Pleiad, was also a priest of Dionysus, and in that character he was present at the coronation procession of Ptolemy Philadelphus in b. c. 284. (Ath. v. p. 198, c.) Pliny (H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 20) states that his portrait was painted in the attitude of meditation by Protogenes, who is known to have been still alive in b. c. 304. It seems, therefore, that the time of Philiscus must be extended to an earlier period than that assigned to him by Suidas, who merely says that he lived under Ptolemy Philadelphus. He wrote 42 dramas, of which we know nothing, except that the Themistocles, which is enumerated among the plays of Philiscus the comic poet, ought probably to be ascribed to him : such subjects are known to have been chosen by the tragedians, as in the Marathonians of Lycophron. The choriambic hexameter verse was named after Philiscus, on account of his frequent use of it (Hephaest. p. 53). There is much dispute whether the name should be written Φιλίσκος or Φίλικος, but the former appears to be the true form, though he himself, for the sake of metre, used the latter. (Naeke, Sched. Crit. pp. 18, &c., in Opusc. vol. i. pp. 29, &c.; Welcker, Die Griech. Trag. p. 1265.) [P. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philomela

​PHILOMELA (Φιλομήλα). 1. A daughter of king Pandion in Attica, who, being dishonoured by her brother-in-law Tereus, was metamorphosed into a nightingale or swallow. (Apollod. iii. 14. § 8; comp. Tereus.)
2. The mother of Patroclus (Hygin. Fab. 97), though it should be observed that she is commonly called Polymele. (Schol. ad Hom. Od. iv. 343, xvii. 134.)
3. A daughter of Actor, and the wife of Peleus, by whom she is said to have been the mother of Achilles. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 558; comp. Peleus.)
4. One of the daughters of Priam. (Hygin. Fab. 90.) [L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philomelus

​PHILOMELUS (Φιλόμηλος), a son of Iasion and Demeter, and brother of Plutos, is said to have invented the chariot when Boötes was placed among the stars by his mother. (Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii. 4.) [L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philiscus (literary) 1.

​PHILISCUS （Φιλίσκος), literary. 1. An Athenian comic poet of the Middle Comedy, of whom little is known. Suidas simply mentions him as a comic poet, and gives the following titles of his plays : Ἄδωνις, Διὸς γοναί, Θημιστοκλῆς, Ὄλυμπος, Πανὸς γοναί, Ἑρμοῦ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης γοναί, Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος. These mythological titles sufficiently prove that Philiscus belonged to the Middle Comedy. The nativities of the gods, to which most of them relate, formed a very favourite class of subjects with the poets of the Middle Comedy. (Meineke, Hist. Crit. Com. Graec. pp. 278, &c.) Eudocia omits the title Ἑρμοῦ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης γοναί, and Lobeck has pointed out the difficulty of seeing how the nativities of Hermes and Aphrodite could be connected in one drama (Aglaoph. p. 437); a difficulty which Meineke meets by supposing that we ought to read Ἑρμοῦ γοναί, Ἀφροδίτης γοναι, as two distinct titles (Hist. Crit. pp. 281, 282). The Themistocles is, almost without doubt, wrongly ascribed by Suidas to the comie poet Philiscus, instead of the tragic poet of the same name. Another play is cited by Stobaeus (Serm. 73.53), namely the Φιλάργυροι, or, as Meineke thinks it ought to be, Φιλάργυρος.
Philiscus must have flourished about b. c. 400, or a little later, as his portrait was painted by Parrhasius, in a picture which Pliny thus describes (H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 5) :--"et Philiscum, et Liberum patrem adstante Virtute," from which it seems that the picture was a group, representing the poet supported by the patron deity of his art, and by a personified representation of Arete, to intimate tile excellence he had attained in it. ​Naeke has clearly shown that this statement can only refer to Philiscus the comic poet, and not to any other of the known persons of the same name. (Sched. Crit. p. 26 ; Opusc. vol. i. p. 42).
There are very few fragments of Philiscus preserved. Stobaeus (l. c.) quotes two verses from the Φιλάργυροι, and elsewhere (xxix. 40), two from an unknown play. Another verse from an unknown play is quoted by Dicaearchus (Vit. Graec. p. 30, Buttmann); and another is preserved in the Palatine Anthology (xi. 441, vol. i. p. 445, ed. Jacobs), which Jacobs wrongly ascribes to the rhetorician of Miletus. (Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. i. pp. 423, 424, vol. iii. pp. 579, 580 ; Naeke, l. c.）
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philomeleides

​PHILOMELEIDES (Φιλομηλείδης), a king in Lesbos who compelled his guests to engage with him in a contest of wrestling, and was conquered by Odysseus (Hom. Od. iv. 343, xvii. 134). Some commentators take this name to be a metronymic derived from Philomela, No. 2. [L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philomachus

​PHILOMACHUS, artist. [Phyromachus.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philiscus (literary) 3.

​3. Of Aegina. It is doubtful whether there was one or two cynic philosophers of this name from Aegina. Suidas has two, of one of whom he says that he was the disciple of Diogenes the Cynic, or, according to Hermippus, of Stilpon, that he was the teacher of Alexander in grammar, and that he wrote dialogues, one of which was entitled Κόδρος ; of the other, Suidas says that, having gone from Aegina to Athens, in order to see the city, he heard Diogenes, and addicted himself to philosophy : and that his brother, having been sent by his father to Athens to fetch him home, also staid there, and became a philosopher; and lastly, the father himself, having gone to Athens in search of his sons, became infected with the philosophical mania : the rest of the article refers to Diogenes himself. The latter article is taken from Diogenes Laërtius (vi. 75, 76), who mentions the name of the father, Onesicritus, and who evidently only speaks of one cynic philosopher of the name of Philiscus (comp. vi. 73, 80, 84). This is, therefore, very probably one of the many cases in which Suidas makes two articles out of the same name, by copying statements from two different authors. We do not see the force of Naeke's argument (Sched. Crit. p. 25), that the Philiscus of whom the tale in Diogenes and Suidas is told, could hardly, for chronological reasons, be the same person as the teacher of Alexander. Some ancient writers ascribed to Philiscus some, or even all, of the tragedies of Diogenes the Cynic, probably through confounding him with the celebrated tragic poet of the same name. (Diog. Laërt. vi. 73 ; Julian. Orat. vi. vii.; Naeke, l. c. ; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 505, n.) Aelian has preserved a short exhortation of Philiscus, addressed to Alexander (V. H. xiv. 11).
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philiscus (literary) 2.

​2. Of Miletus, an orator or rhetorician, was the disciple of Isocrates, having been previously a noted flute player (Suid. s. v. ; Dionys. Halic. Ep. ad Amm. p. 120). He wrote a life of the orator Lycurgus, and an epitaph on Lysias; the latter is preserved by the pseudo-Plutarch (Vit. X. Orat. p. 836), and in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal. vol. i. p. 184; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. i. p. 101, vol. xiii. p. 936). Remembering the constant confusion of the names Philiscus and Philistus, we may safely ascribe to this orator the δημηγορίαι, which Suidas mentions among the works of the historian Philistus of Syracuse. (Suid. s. v. Φίλιστος ; it is also to be observed that Suidas, in addition to his article Φίλιστος, gives a life of the Syracusan historian under the head of Φίλισκος ἢ Φίλιστος, comp. Philistus). Suidas (s. v. Τίμαιος) states that the historian Timaeus was a disciple of Philiscus of Miletus; another disciple was Neanthes of Cyzicus (Ruhnken, Hist. Crit. Orat. Graec. p. lxxxiii., Opusc. p. 367; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 25).
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Philiscus (artists) 2.

​2. Of Rhodes, a sculptor, several of whose works were placed in the temple of Apollo, adjoining the portico of Octavia at Rome. One of these statues was that of the god himself : the others were Latona and Diana, the nine Muses, and another statue of Apollo, without drapery. Within the portico, in the temple of Juno, was a statue of Venus, by the same artist (Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 5. s. 4. § 10). From this statement it is evident that Philiscus made some of the statues expressly for the temples, but whether at the time of their first erection by Metellus (b. c. 146), or of their restoration by Augustus more than a hundred years later, cannot be determined with certainty. Most of the writers on art place him at the earlier date ; but at all events he belonged to that period of the revival of art which, according to Pliny, began with the 155th Olympiad (b. c. 160), and which extended down to the time of the Antonines during which period the Rhodian school sent forth several of the best statuaries and sculptors, and Rome became a great seat of the arts. The group of Muses, found in the villa of Cassius at Tivoli, is supposed by Visconti to be a copy of that of Philiscus. Meyer takes the beautiful statue at Florence, known as the Apollino, for the naked Apollo of Philiscus; it is engraved in Müller's Denkmäler d. alten Kunst, vol. ii. pl. xi. fig. 126. (Meyer, Kunstgeschichte, vol. iii. pp. 35, 120; Hirt, Gesch. d. bild. Künste, p. 298; Müller, Archäol. d. Kunst, §§ 160. n. 2, 393, n. 2.) [P. S.]
# Creation by Evolution/Foreword

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FOREWORD
By Henry Fairfield Osborn
In this volume leading biologists of England and America, men distinguished in many special lines of research, are coöperating in a great endeavor to give the full meaning of the word “evolution.” No word in any language at the present time is so comprehensive as this; few words are so misunderstood.
The original import of the word “evolution”—to unfold or to unroll, as a flower is unfolded—is too restricted, because, as theoretically presented in Lloyd Morgan’s doctrine of emergence and as practically proved by palaeontologists in both the invertebrate and the vertebrate world since the time of Waagen, evolution is far more than the unfolding of something that already exists, as the germ develops and unfolds in the beauty of a rose; evolution is the incessant appearance of new qualities, new characters, new powers, new beauties, for which there is no antecedent in experience or no evident promise in the germ itself.
We almost feel the need of returning to the wonderfully adaptive language of the Greeks in an attempt to discover a new word or combination of words which shall better express all the many forms. of activity Nature is now revealing far more clearly than when, in a relatively early and simple state of biologic knowledge, the word evolution was chosen as more appropriate than mutation or transformisme. If from Greek sources a new word could ​be borrowed or coined, it should certainly express the new principle that is implied in Lloyd Morgan’s “emergence,” in Bergson’s evolution créatrice, in Osborn’s “creative evolution,” or in “creation by evolution,” the title of the present volume.
This originative and creative principle of emergence, of creative evolution, appears to be lacking in the lifeless universe, even as revealed by the recent and most marvelous discoveries in physics and chemistry, and in astronomy.
Are not new physical elements compounded by the simplification or complication of older physical elements, to give rise to new forms, but without the creation of new forces? Is there not invariably in the physical and material world antecedence and consequence, cause and effect? Are we not, therefore, facing in the biological world a new recognition of the order of Nature in the incessant creative, emergent evolution of new forms, of new characteristics, of new powers? Consequently the addition of new powers and new properties seems peculiarly distinctive of life.
Such questions, such problems, such contrasts as these show that Darwinism, broad and manifold in its implications as the term has become, is only one aspect of the whole evolution of life; there are many other and newer aspects, unknown to Darwin and not implied in the term “Darwinism,” or even in the far more comprehensive term “evolution.” As Einstein follows Newton, so some great philosopher of biology will follow Darwin, and the new biology of the future will be even more inspiring than the biology revealed by the many and able contributors to the present volume.
# Creation by Evolution/Index

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INDEX
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Abbott, Lemuel (d.1776)

​ABBOTT, LEMUEL (d. 1776), poetical writer, became curate of Ansty, Leicestershire, in 1756; vicar of Thornton, in the same county, in 1773; and died in April 1776. He published ‘Poems on various Subjects. Whereto is prefixed a short Essay on the Structure of English Verse.’ Nottingham, 1765.
[Nichols's Leicestershire, iii. 1082, iv. 984; Creswell's Collections towards the History of Printing in Nottinghamshire, 34.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Abdy, Maria

​ABDY, MARIA (d. 1867), poetess, was daughter of Richard Smith, by a sister of Horace and James Smith [see Smith, Horatio], and wife of the Rev. J. Channing Abdy. She contributed to the ‘New Monthly’ and ‘Metropolitan’ magazines and several annuals, and printed, for private circulation, eight series of her poems between 1830 and 1862. She died 19 July 1867.
[Personal information.]
J. H. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Abbott, Thomas Eastoe

1904 Errata appended. Modern research indicates born c. 1786
​ABBOTT, THOMAS EASTOE (1779–1854), poetical writer, was descended from a Suffolk family, and resided for many years at Darlington, where he served many offices of local trust with great credit. For his services in connection with the Royal Free Grammar School, which he succeeded in placing in a satisfactory state, he was presented with a valuable testimonial by the inhabitants of that town. He died at Darlington 18 Feb. 1854, aged 76. His works are:
1. ‘Peace: a Lyric Poem.’ Hull, 1814. 2. ‘The Triumph of Christianity: a Missionary Poem, with Notes and other Poems.’ London, 1819. 3. ‘The Soldier's Friend; or, Memorials of Brunswick: a Poem sacred to the memory of his Royal Highness Frederick, Duke of York and Albany.’ Hull, 1828. 4. ‘Lines on Education and Religion.’ Darlington, 1839.
[Latimer's Local Records of Northumberland and Durham, 338; Gent. Mag. N.S., 1854, xli. 443; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
T. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.1 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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