OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Eurypterida of New York/Volume 2/Explanations of plates/Plate 7

PLATE 7
Eurypterus remipes Dekay Page 161 See plates 2–6, 8
| 1 | Chelicera. × 4 |
| 2 | Two segments of walking leg, × 3. They show different lengths of paired spines and small spines near anterior edge |
| 3 | Two segments of walking leg, × 3, showing articulation of spines Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Jerusalem hill, N. Y. |
| 4 | The spiniferous portion of a walking leg. × 2. Shows the relative lengths of the spines and the terminal spine |
| 5 | Detached epicoxite, × 3, presumably belonging to this species Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, N. Y. |
| 6 | Coxa of fourth leg, × 2. Shows the gnathobase and circular perforation Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Jerusalem hill, N. Y. |
| 7 | Part of underside of cephalothorax. Shows marginal shield with attached bases of limbs and complete swimming leg, seen from underside. The thickened edges of the flat joints forming the paddle are well seen. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, N. Y. |
| 8 | Complete swimming leg, partly disjointed and showing the form of the segments. The terminal claw or ninth segment, and the articulation of the paddle with the preceding segment are clearly seen. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Kay's brook near Cedar ville, N. Y. |
| 9 | Fourth endognathite or balancing leg. × 2 Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, N. Y. |
| 10 | Seventh segment of swimming leg. × 2. Shows thickened edges, proximal and distal articulations and distal triangular guard lobe with finely serrated edge |
| 11 | Paddle plate of swimming leg. × 2. The terminal claw is broken out. The alternating series of larger and smaller teeth on the serrated outer edge is clearly shown Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Jerusalem hill, N. Y. |
All are photographs of originals in the State Museum
| Memoir 14. N.Y.State Museum. | Plate 7. |
| J.A.Glenn phot. | J.B.Lyon Co. State Printer. |
# The Eurypterida of New York/Volume 2/Explanations of plates/Plate 72

PLATE 72
Pterygotus buffaloensis Pohlmann Page 358 See plates 57, 67, 68, 73–80
| 1 | Dorsal view of a nearly complete specimen showing the general form of the body with walking and swimming legs; on the left side also the relative extension of the six tergites and five sternites. The numerous bilobed markings on the surface of the body are the impressions of ostracods which were in the habit of seeking shelter under and within the cast skins of the eurypterids. Natural size |
| 2 | Portion of counterpart of the same specimen, showing the radiating wrinkles of the cornea of the compound eyes. Natural size |
| 3 | Telson of a larger specimen showing the normal outline. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Buffalo, N. Y. |
Figures 1 and 3 are from photographs.
The original of figure 1 is in the National Museum; that of figure 2 in the museum of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, and that of figure 3 in the State Museum
| Memoir 14. N.Y.State Museum. | Plate 72. |
| J.A.Glenn phot. | J.B.Lyon Co. State Printer. |
# The Eurypterida of New York/Volume 2/Explanations of plates/Plate 71

PLATE 71
Pterygotus macrophthalmus Hall Page 350 See plates 69, 70
| 1 | Complete fixed pincer or chela of chelicera. Natural size |
| 2 | Fragment of fixed pincer showing the teeth. Natural size |
| 3 | Part of ventral marginal shield and epistoma. × 2 |
| 4 | Tergite. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, Herkimer co., N. Y. |
| 5 | Serrations of tooth of chela. × 3 Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Jerusalem hill, Herkimer co., N. Y. |
| 6 | Ventral view. Hall's type of P. osborni. Shows the walking legs and metastoma. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Waterville, Oneida co., N. Y. |
| 7 | Coxal joint of swimming leg. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Litchfield, Herkimer co., N. Y. |
| 8 | Group of appendages showing a well preserved walking leg, a metastoma and coxal joint of swimming leg. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, Herkimer co., N. Y. |
| 9 | Fragment of integument showing the characteristic form of the scales. × 2 Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Jerusalem hill, Herkimer co., N. Y. |
| 10 | Telson of a young individual. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Cranes Corners, N. Y. |
All figures are from photographs.
The originals of figures 1–5, 8–10 are in the State Museum; those of figures 6 and 7 in the American Museum of Natural History
| Memoir 14. N.Y.State Museum. | Plate 71. |
| J.A.Glenn phot. | J.B.Lyon Co. State Printer. |
# The Eurypterida of New York/Volume 2/Explanations of plates/Plate 75

PLATE 75
Pterygotus buffaloensis Pohlmann Page 358 See plates 57, 67, 68, 72–74, 76–80
| 1 | Ventral view of a young specimen showing the relative size of the walking leg and chelicera to that of the body, the articulations of the chelicera, and the form of the telson. Natural size Horizon and locality. Bertie waterlime. Buffalo, N. Y. |
The original is in the museum of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences
| Memoir 14. N.Y.State Museum. | Plate 75. |
| G.S.Barkentin del. | J.B.Lyon Co. State Printer. |
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Saffron

Edition of 1920. See also Saffron on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SAFFRON, a bulbous autumnal plant (Crocus sativus) and a commercial dye-stuff obtained from it. The cultivated saffron originated probably in the Levant, and was grown in early times about the town of Corycus, Cilicia (from which the Crocus genus may have taken its name). The Arabs cultivated it in Spain about the 10th century, and it was an important crop in England, especially about Saffron Walden, Essex, in the 15th century, bringing the highest market price. It is now raised about the Mediterranean and in Asia. The saffron is low, with the grass-like leaves and long-tubed, funnel-shaped flowers, springing directly from the ground, which are characteristic of the crocuses. Its flower is purple, with a style tipped with three orange-colored stigmas, each more than an inch long, depending from one side of the perianth. These stigmas are picked off in the early morning and dried on a kiln, either loosely or between layers of paper, and under the pressure of a thick board which forms the mass into cakes, about 4,000 of these stigmas being necessary to give an ounce of saffron. In either case the commercial saffron is liable to suffer from adulteration. This adulteration was so prevalent at one time that those guilty of it (when caught) were killed
Saffron stigmas, when genuine, have a characteristic orange red color and an aromatic, bitter odor and taste. The substance has faint carminative and narcotic properties, but is seldom used medicinally, except for coloring tinctures and occasionally as a diaphoretic in the eruptive diseases of children. In the ‘Song of Solomon’ the saffron is mentioned among the sweet-smelling herbs, and it was much in demand among the Greeks and Latins for its perfume. A fragrant essence was made from it with water and wine for sprinkling in theatres and other places, even in the streets, for anointing the hair and for the bath. Saffron was also much employed in culinary operations, chiefly for its aromatic taste and for coloring, as the clown in the ‘Winter's Tale’ says he “must have saffron to color the warden pies.”
Saffron, however, is most commonly used as a dye, giving a yellow hue to cloth, but it is being displaced by cheaper colors. This tint was in very early times the royal color in Greece, and was that of some of the women's court robes, but afterward appropriated by the hetairæ. In Ireland and the Hebrides it was also the color of the king's mantle and of the shirts of persons of rank. Saffron enters largely into the composition of the sacred spot
on the forehead of a Hindu Pundit. An extract made from saffron used as a glaze on tinfoil, imitated gold in mediæval illuminations, and was also employed by painters.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin

Edition of 1920. See also Franklin Benjamin Sanborn on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SANBORN, Franklin Benjamin, American philanthropist and author: b. Hampton Falls, N. H., 15 Dec. 1831; d. 24 Feb. 1917. He was graduated from Harvard in 1855, became active in politics as a member of the Free Soil party in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, was for a time secretary to the Massachusetts State Kansas committee, and aided John Brown in the invasion of Harper's Ferry after having vainly opposed the scheme. From 1863 to 1868 he was an editor of the Boston Commonwealth; in October 1863 became secretary of the Massachusetts State board of charities, the first established in America; and in 1865 assisted in the organization of the American Social Science Association, of which he was until 1897 secretary. With Bronson Alcott and W. T. Harris he founded the Concord school of philosophy in 1879; and he was also an organizer of the National Prison Association (1871), and the National conference of charities (1865). Among his publications are ‘Life and Letters of John Brown’ (1885); biographies of Thoreau (1882), Alcott (1883), Dr. Howe (1891), and Dr. Earle (1898); ‘The Personality of Thoreau’ (1902) and ‘The Personality of Emerson’ (1903). He was through all his active life a journalist, having begun to contribute to the New Hampshire Independent
Democrat in 1849, to the Boston Transcript in 1852, to the Christian Register in 1853, the Boston Traveller in 1856, and to the Springfield Republican in 1856. He was editor of the Republican after June 1868, furnishing from three to six columns a week. Between 1900 and 1917 he published Ellery Channing's ‘Poems of 65 years’ (1902); Channing's ‘Thoreau the Poet-Naturalist’ with additions (1903); Thoreau's ‘The Service’ (1902); ‘Bronson Alcott at Fruitlands’ (1908), and ‘Hawthorne and His Friends’ (1908); ‘Recollections of 70 Years’ (2 vols., 1909), and ‘Sixty years in Concord’ (1916). A final life of Thoreau, ‘Thoreau and his Earliest Writings’ (1916). He also edited two volumes of ‘Theodore Parkers Writings’ (1914), introduced Newton's ‘Lincoln and Herndon’ (1913), and wrote brief biographies of Dr. Langdon, president of Harvard College, of Ellery Channing and of Mrs. Abbott-Wood of Lowell. For 30 years he edited the American Journal of Social Science, (1867-97), and contributed largely to the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society (1903-15), and edited for the Boston Bibliophile Society five volumes of Thoreau's manuscripts, a volume of the Shelley-Payne correspondence, and one of the Fragments and Letters of T. L. Peacock.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sanborn, Katherine Abbott

Edition of 1920. See also Kate Sanborn on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SANBORN, Katherine Abbott (“Kate Sanborn”), American author and lecturer: b. Hanover, N. H., 11 July 1839; d. 9 July 1917. She earned her first money by writing, at the age of 11, and at 17 engaged in teaching. She lectured on literary topics for 20 years, was teacher of elocution at Packer Institute, Brooklyn, and for several years occupied the chair of English literature at Smith College. She published ‘Home Pictures of English Poets’ (1869); ‘Round Table Series of Literature Lessons’ (1884); ‘The Vanity and Insanity of Genius’ (1885); ‘Adopting an Abandoned Farm’; ‘Abandoning an Adopted Farm’; ‘The Wit of Women’; ‘My Literary Zoo’; ‘Oldtime Wall Papers’ (1905); ‘Hunting Indians in a Taxi Cab’ (1911); a series of calendars, etc.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sanborn, Walter Henry

Edition of 1920. See also Walter Henry Sanborn on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SANBORN, Walter Henry, American justice: b. Epsom, N. H., 19 Oct. 1845. He was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1867, studied law, and in 1870 engaged in law practice at Saint Paul, Minn. From 1892 he was United States circuit justice of the Eighth Judicial Circuit, and from 1903 he was presiding justice of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals of the Eighth District. He conducted the receiverships of the Union Pacific Railroad, 1893-98; the Chicago Great Western, 1908-09; and the Frisco Railroad, 1913-14. He also handed down important decisions in the Trans-Missouri Freight Association Case, 1893; the Standard Oil Case, 1909; and the Oklahoma Gas Case, 1911.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Saint, The

Edition of 1920. See also Der Heilige on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SAINT, The (‘Der Heilige’). ‘The Saint,’ by Conrad F. Meyer (1879), is a short novel, about the length of ‘Silas Marner,’ centred around the great quarrel between Henry II and his Chancellor and Primate of England, Thomas Becket. In a broad sense based on history, its psychology is fancifully developed from a mediæval legend found by Meyer in 1853 in Thierry's ‘Conquest of England’ (Book IX), according to which Becket was the son of an Englishman and of the sister of the Kalif of Cordova. The story of Henry's amours with beautiful Rosamond Clifford in the hidden bower suggested the secret palace in which Meyer's Becket rears his daughter Grace to save her from royal lechery. The accidental slaying of Grace after her seduction by the king inspires in Becket a deep-laid plot for revenge under the veil of pretended loyalty and later of saintly devotion when he becomes Primate on Henry's nomination, whereby he drives the king to alternate fits of despair and fury over the loss of political advantages and of the love of his queen and sons. The tragic ending is historical.
The story is put in the mouth of a Swiss bowman, who is supposed to have come on his wanderings to London, where he entered the service of the king and was a minor actor in all the events he relates. The style is vivid, swift and powerful, and the diction of wonderful force and color, suggestive of a Gobelin tapestry, or as Keller said, “brocade.” It is Meyer's most finished production, possibly his best. The English reader will find it curious to compare it with Tennyson's ‘Becket.’ Consult ‘Der Heilige’ (66th ed., Leipzig 1913); American School Edition (ed. Eggert, New York 1907, with critical introduction); Frey, Adolf, ‘Conrad Ferdinand Meyer’ (Stuttgart 1900); Credner, Karl, ‘C. F. Meyer, Der Heilige’ (Berlin 1899); Langmesser, ‘K. F. Meyer’ (Berlin 1905).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sage-brush State

Edition of 1920. See also Nevada on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SAGE-BRUSH STATE, or SAGE-HEN STATE, a nickname for the State of Nevada, from the large amount of sage-brush growing there.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sage-brush

Edition of 1920. See also Sagebrush and Artemisia tridentata on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SAGE-BRUSH, any one of the species of the genus Artemisia — composites very abundant in the arid, alkaline regions of the western United States, where the soil is not too saline, and, with other desert vegetation, covering immense areas. The best-known sage-brush is the common shrub, or bitter-sage (A. tridentata), which is found growing on the plains and ascending to the sub-alpine parts of the mountains. It varies in different situations from a dwarfed shrub to almost tree-like proportions, when its trunk near the ground will measure nearly a foot through, being twisted and knotty and loosely enveloped in a light-gray, shreddy bark.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sanborn, Alvan Francis

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
SANBORN, săn'bėrn, Alvan Francis, American journalist: b. Marlborough, Mass., 8 July 1866. He was graduated from Amherst in 1887 and filled several journalistic positions, among them that of Paris correspondent of New York and Boston periodicals from 1899. He published ‘Moody's Lodging House and Other Tenement Sketches’ (1895); ‘Meg McIntyre's Raffle and Other Stories’ (1896); ‘Paris and the Social Revolution’ (1903), besides editing ‘Masterpieces of Prose’ (1893); ‘Reminiscences of Richard Lathers’ (1907), etc.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Sanborn, John Benjamin

Edition of 1920. See also John B. Sanborn on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
SANBORN, John Benjamin, American military officer: b. Epsom, N. H., 5 Dec. 1826; d. 1904. He was educated at Dartmouth College, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1854, and in that year removed to Saint Paul, Minn., where he engaged in law practice. At the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 he was adjutant-general and quartermaster-general of Minnesota and assisted in the organization of the troops sent to the front. In 1862 he went to the front with the rank of colonel. He commanded a brigade at Iuka, was engaged at Corinth, Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills, and at the siege and assault of Vicksburg. He had been commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers in 1863, and in October 1864 took command of the district of southwest Missouri. He bore the unique record of never having been defeated in action and with the exception of the assault of Vicksburg, never failed of complete success. He conducted a campaign against the Indians in 1865, amicably adjusted the Indian difficulties the next year, and in 1867-68 was a member of the Indian Peace Commission. He served in the Minnesota legislature for several terms.
# The Essays of Montaigne/Book I/Chapter LII
### Chapter LII. Of the parsimony of the Ancients.

Attilius Regulus, general of the Roman army in Africa, in the height of all his glory and victories over the Carthaginians, wrote to the Republic to acquaint them that a certain hind he had left in trust with his estate, which was in all but seven acres of land, had run away with all his instruments of husbandry, and entreating therefore, that they would please to call him home that he might take order in his own affairs, lest his wife and children should suffer by this disaster. Whereupon the Senate appointed another to manage his business, caused his losses to be made good, and ordered his family to be maintained at the public expense.
The elder Cato, returning consul from Spain, sold his warhorse to save the money it would have cost in bringing it back by sea into Italy; and being Governor of Sardinia, he made all his visits on foot, without other train than one officer of the Republic who carried his robe and a censer for sacrifices, and for the most part carried his trunk himself. He bragged that he had never worn a gown that cost above ten crowns, nor had ever sent above tenpence to the market for one day's provision; and that as to his country houses, he had not one that was rough-cast on the outside.
Scipio AEmilianus, after two triumphs and two consulships, went an embassy with no more than seven servants in his train. 'Tis said that Homer had never more than one, Plato three, and Zeno, founder of the sect of Stoics, none at all. Tiberius Gracchus was allowed but fivepence halfpenny a day when employed as public minister about the public affairs, and being at that time the greatest man of Rome.
# The Essays of Montaigne/Book I/Chapter LIII
### Chapter LIII. Of a saying of Caesar.

If we would sometimes bestow a little consideration upon ourselves, and employ the time we spend in prying into other men's actions, and discovering things without us, in examining our own abilities we should soon perceive of how infirm and decaying material this fabric of ours is composed. Is it not a singular testimony of imperfection that we cannot establish our satisfaction in any one thing, and that even our own fancy and desire should deprive us of the power to choose what is most proper and useful for us? A very good proof of this is the great dispute that has ever been amongst the philosophers, of finding out man's sovereign good, that continues yet, and will eternally continue, without solution or accord:
 "Dum abest quod avemus, id exsuperare videtur  Caetera; post aliud, quum contigit illud, avemus,  Et sitis aequa tenet."
 ["While that which we desire is wanting, it seems to surpass all the  rest; then, when we have got it, we want something else; 'tis ever  the same thirst"—Lucretius, iii. 1095.]
Whatever it is that falls into our knowledge and possession, we find that it satisfies not, and we still pant after things to come and unknown, inasmuch as those present do not suffice for us; not that, in my judgment, they have not in them wherewith to do it, but because we seize them with an unruly and immoderate haste:
 "Nam quum vidit hic, ad victum qux flagitat usus,  Et per quae possent vitam consistere tutam,  Omnia jam ferme mortalibus esse parata;  Divitiis homines, et honore, et laude potentes  Aflluere, atque bona natorum excellere fama;  Nec minus esse domi cuiquam tamen anxia corda,  Atque animi ingratis vitam vexare querelis  Causam, quae infestis cogit saevire querelis,  Intellegit ibi; vitium vas efficere ipsum,  Omniaque, illius vitio, corrumpier intus,  Qux collata foris et commoda quomque venirent."
 ["For when he saw that almost all things necessarily required for  subsistence, and which may render life comfortable, are already  prepared to their hand, that men may abundantly attain wealth,  honour, praise, may rejoice in the reputation of their children, yet  that, notwithstanding, every one has none the less in his heart and  home anxieties and a mind enslaved by wearing complaints, he saw  that the vessel itself was in fault, and that all good things which  were brought into it from without were spoilt by its own  imperfections."—Lucretius, vi. 9.]
Our appetite is irresolute and fickle; it can neither keep nor enjoy anything with a good grace: and man concluding it to be the fault of the things he is possessed of, fills himself with and feeds upon the idea of things he neither knows nor understands, to which he devotes his hopes and his desires, paying them all reverence and honour, according to the saying of Caesar:
 "Communi fit vitio naturae, ut invisis, latitantibus  atque incognitis rebus magis confidamas,  vehementiusque exterreamur."
 ["'Tis the common vice of nature, that we at once repose most  confidence, and receive the greatest apprehensions, from things  unseen, concealed, and unknown."—De Bello Civil, xi. 4.]
# The Fables of Florian (tr. Phelps)/The King of Persia

FABLE XVIII. THE KING OF PERSIA.
Once on a time a Persian king With all his court was at the chase. Becoming dry, he found no spring, Nor any water in the place. But near at hand a garden lay, With citrons, grapes and oranges, Whose juices might his thirst allay. "But God save me from eating these!" The king exclaim'd; "for if one fruit I take from out that garden wall, These viziers mine would follow suit, And take fruit, trees, and garden all."