OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Proving Ground

Edition of 1905. See also Proving ground on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PROVING GROUND. An establishment maintained for the sighting and testing of ordnance and the testing of armor and projectiles. In the United States the army proving ground is on Sandy Hook, N. J., and the naval proving ground at Indian Head, on the Potomac River.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Puffin

Edition of 1905. See also Puffin on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
PUFFIN (so called from its puffed-out beak). An auk of the genus Fratercula, characterized by the high, compressed form of the beak. The best known is the common one {Fratercula arctica) of the Arctic and north temperate regions generally, which migrates southward in winter as far as Spain and Long Island. It is a little larger than a pigeon; the forehead, crown, back of the head, a collar round the neck, the back, wings, and tail are black, the other parts of the plumage white. The puffin lays only a single egg in a burrow or some natural hole in a cliff-face, where great numbers congregate and behave like auks and guillemots (qq.v.). The eggs and young birds are sought after by fowlers for food. Other species are found in the Arctic and North Pacific oceans, coming to California in winter. Among the most notable are the crested putfin (Lunda cirrhata), which has a long tuft of feathers on each side of the head, and the tufted puffin (Fratercula corniculata) . This might more suitably be called ‘horned’ puffin, as each of its upper eyelids bears a slender, upright, acute horn (See Plate of Auks, Albatross, etc.), which, however, is only an appendage of the male in the breeding season, and drops off at its close, just as the special coatings and appendages of the beak and eyes in some other puffins are acquired in the spring and molted in the fall.
* BEAK OF PUFFIN (Fratercula Arctica).
* The left-hand figure shows the appearance of the beak
* of the male in the breeding season, at the close of which all
* the parts lettered are separately molted. The appearance
* of the beak in the non-breeding season (winter) is
* shown in the right-hand figure.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Province

Edition of 1905. See also Geologic province and Stratigraphic unit on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PROVINCE (Lat. provincia, from pro, before, for + vincere, to conquer). A term used in geology to designate an area in which the deposition and succession of sediments are uniform. In paleontology it refers to a more or less well-marked district throughout which the animal or plant life was the same.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Province House

Edition of 1905. See also Province House (Boston, Massachusetts) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PROVINCE HOUSE. A brick mansion on Washington Street, Boston, built in 1679. It became the residence of the Governors of the Province in 1715, and after many changes was burned in 1864. It is described in Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pufendorf, Samuel, Baron

Edition of 1905. See also Samuel von Pufendorf on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
PUFENDORF, pụf′en-dōrf, Samuel, Baron (1632-94). A celebrated German publicist, born at Chemnitz, in Saxony. He began the study of theology at Leipzig, but speedily turned to the subject of public law, which he pursued at Jena till 1657. In 1658 he became tutor in the family of Coyet, Swedish Minister at Copenhagen, and in 1660 went with his patron to The Hague, where he published his Elementa Jurisprudentiæ Universalis (1660). This led to his being
summoned to the University of Heidelberg, where the chair of the law of nature and of nations was created for him. In 1667 he published, under the pseudonym of Severinus de Mozambano, De Statu Imperii Germanici, a merciless analysis of the anachronisms and absurdities of the Imperial Constitution. This work aroused great attention and brought the author much fame and many enemies. In 1670 Pufendorf followed a call to the Swedish University of Lund. There he wrote De Jure Naturæ et Gentium (1672) and De Officio Hominis et Civis (1673). In the former of these he makes an elaborate study of the origin of law, finding its threefold source in reason, the civil law, and revelation. He also did much to free the study of jurisprudence from the fantastic speculations of the theologians, and as a result was precipitated into bitter controversies with the representatives of the old order. In 1677 he became Councilor of State and royal historiographer to the King of Sweden. There followed a number of important works, Einleitung zur Historie der vornehmsten Reiche und Staaten (1682), De Rebus Suecicis (1686), and De Rebus a Carolo Gustavo Gestis (1688). In De Habitu Christianæ Religionis ad Vitam Civilem (1687) he upheld the right of the State as against the Church. He went to Berlin in 1686, summoned by the Great Elector, and after the latter's death in 1688 was made by his successor Privy Councilor. He died in Berlin October 26, 1694. The De Rebus Gestis Friderici Wilhelmi Magni and De Rebus Gestis Friderici III. appeared the year after his death. Consult: Treitschke, “Samuel von Pufendorf,” in the Preussische Jahrbücher (Berlin, 1875); Droysen, “Zur Kritik Pufendorfs,” in Abhandlungen zur neueren Geschichte (Berlin, 1876).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Provincetown

Edition of 1905. See also Provincetown, Massachusetts on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PROV′INCETOWN. A town in Barnstable County, Mass., 54 miles by water and 120 miles by rail southeast of Boston; on Cape Cod Bay, and on a branch of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (Map: Massachusetts, G 3). It is situated at the extremity of Cape Cod, and has a deep, spacious harbor. There is a public library with 8500 volumes. Provincetown has some reputation as a summer resort, but is best known for its fishing and whaling industries, the latter of which, however, in recent years has declined considerably. In the town are several wholesale fish establishments, also manufactories of various kinds of oil. Population, in 1890, 4642; in 1900, 4247. On November 21, 1620, the Pilgrims in the Mayflower arrived in Provincetown Harbor and remained anchored there for nearly a month. It was here that the celebrated compact was signed and the first Governor, John Carver, was chosen. Permanently settled about 1680, Provincetown formed a precinct of Truro from 1714 until 1727, when it was incorporated. Its growth was very slow and in 1776 it had a population of only 205. Here during the Civil War the Confederate commissioners, Mason and Slidell, were delivered to the British gunboat Rinaldo. Consult Freeman, The History of Cape Cod (Boston, 1860-69).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Príncipe

Edition of 1905. See also Aurora (province) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ PRÍNCIPE, prē̇n′thē̇-pā̇. A district on the east coast of Luzon, Philippine Islands, belonging to the Province of Tayabas (q.v.).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pueblo (Colorado)

Edition of 1905. See also Pueblo, Colorado on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ PUEBLO. The second largest city of Colorado, the county-seat of Pueblo County, and an important commercial and industrial centre, 120 miles south by east of Denver (Map: Colorado, E 2). Situated in a small basin near the eastern foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains and on both sides of the Arkansas River, at the junction of the Fontaine qui Bouille, Pueblo enjoys a natural location for a great railway and business centre. Its transportation facilities comprise the Denver and Rio Grande, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe, the Missouri Pacific, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, and the Colorado and Southern. The vicinity to the east is interested to a very large extent in stock-raising, and to a somewhat important degree in agriculture. Near the city are deposits of coal, limestone, and oil, and the tributary region includes very highly productive mineral districts. Pueblo is the great distributing and receiving point for this section of vast natural wealth. It has become known as the ‘Pittsburg of the West,’ being famous for its iron and steel, and smelting industries. There are in the city several smelters producing lead, silver, and gold, zinc, and copper; the immense plant of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, which manufactures various iron and steel products; foundries and machine shops, including railroad car shops; manufactories of fire-brick, glass, woolens, furniture, etc.; and large stock yards. According to the census of 1900, an aggregate capital of $12,374,000 was invested in these industries, which had a production valued at $30,795,000, the output of the lead smelting and refining works alone amounting to nearly $20,000,000.
Pueblo has the McClellan Public Library, with more than 12,000 volumes; law libraries; the State Insane Asylum and several other charitable institutions; and the State Mineral Palace and Park. In the building last mentioned is a complete collection of the minerals of Colorado. The government, under a charter of 1887, is vested in a mayor, elected biennially, and a unicameral council, and in administrative officers. Fire department officials, the police judge, and city physician are elected by the council, which also confirms the mayor's nominations of police officials. The engineer, auditor, treasurer, and clerk are chosen by popular election. There are two systems of water-works, one of which is owned by the municipality. A few Mormons settled temporarily on the site of Pueblo in 1846, and about 1850 a trading post was established here, the inhabitants of which, however, were massacred by the Ute Indians in 1854. The present city was laid out in 1859 and was chartered in 1873. In 1887 Pueblo, South Pueblo, and Central Pueblo were consolidated. Population, in 1890, 24,558; in 1900, 28,157.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/To Let for Business

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TO LET FOR BUSINESS.
Office or salesroom, 50x30, with 10 windows; lease until February, 1919, at reduced rental; immediate occupancy; will arrange longer lease, if desired; also office partitions for sale. Stuyvesant 7420, or Room 1001, 112 East 19th St.
Cooper Square, upper half of house, 2d floor, suitable for light business; has electricity; 3d floor has 5 rooms and bath for dwelling; rent $50. Jas. Kyle & Sons, 721 Lexington Av.
357 Broadway, enar Leonard St., store and basement; 10,000 sq. ft.; possession. F. J. Guilfoyle & Co., 165 Broadway. Tel Cort. 7475.
133 WEST 72D ST. MODERN BUILDING SUITABLE FOR PHYSICIANS AND DENTISTS. SINGLE AND DOUBLE SUITES.
Lofts, stores, basements, with or without power; very light; all improvements; sprinkler equipment, H. Trenkman, 187 Lafayette St.
Lexington Av., 485.—All light store, opposite entrance to Grand Central Palace, steam heat, electricity, &c.; rent $50. Jas. Kyle & Sons, 721 Lexington Av.
Furnished private office, $25.50 monthly; telephone attendant. Duane, 500 Broadway, Suite 807.
Tea room in exclusive neighborhood, furnished; will lease to reliable person; just off 5th Av. in the Forties. B 544 Times.
Well furnished house, twelve rooms, four bathrooms; maid's bath; high-class; central location. Room 62, 200 West 72d.
86th, 140 West.—Nicely decorated front parlor for studio or professional man.
Furnished offices, large and small; telephone service. Room 2309, 21 Park Row.
Lenox Av., 342, near 125th subway, large store, $100 monthly; 3 years.
Offices, $25 to $100; 30-story building. 110 West 40th St., Room 1203.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/Rooms Wanted

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ROOMS WANTED.
Furnished.
Room and use of kitchen by an American middle-aged couple in an apartment; references given. A 61 Times.
2 light rooms, with or near bath, between 112th and 122d, near subway; about $50 monthly. A 79 Times.
Gentleman wishes room between 57th and 86th Sts. A 82 Times.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/Steamboats

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STEAMBOATS.
THE PUBLIC BE PLEASED. COLONIAL LINE BOSTON By Boat & Rail $4.40 PROVIDENCE Boat Direct $2.97 ALL OUTSIDE STATEROOMS, $1.10 TO $3.30. Above prices include war tax. Phone Spring 9491.
METROPOLITAN LINE TO BOSTON VIA CAPE COD CANAL $4.00 Including War Tax Phone Barclay 5000
HUDSON RIVER NIGHT LINES.
Daily Service from Pier 32, N.R., foot Canal St., 6 P.M.; West 132d St., 6:40 P.M. Table d'Hote Dinner, $1.25. Due Albany 6 o'clock following morning.
HUDSON RIVER DAY LINE Daylight service up the Hudson Discontinued for Season.
NEWBURGH. POUGHKEEPSIE. KINSTON. Franklin St., 4 P.M. Phone 4675 Franklin. CENTRAL HUDSON LINE
TROY EVENING LINE Mon., Wed., Fri. To Troy Direct. 6 P.M., Pier 42, N.R., N.Y., Tel Spring 1543.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Coal Output Drops More

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COAL OUTPUT DROPS MORE.
New Conservation Appeal Made—Influenza Keeps Production Down.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 10.—Production of both bituminous and anthracite coal continues to decrease as the result of the influenza epidenic, and a renewed appeal for conservation by householders and others was issued today by the Fuel Administration.
During the week ended Nov. 2 the output of bituminous coal was 10,965,000 net tons, a decrease of 3 per cent. compared with the week before, while only 1,500,000 net tons of anthracite was produced compared with 1,714,000 net tons the previous week.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/Steamships

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STEAMSHIPS.
WHITE STAR LINE Frequent Sailings NEW YORK—LIVERPOOL DRAFTS & MONEY ORDERS Britain—Ireland—Italy—Scandinavia Offices, 9 Broadway, New York
FRENCH LINE Express Postal Service Campagnie Gogwale Transatlantic NEW YORK—BORDEAUX—PARIS FREQUENT DEPARTURES Company's Office 19 State St., N.Y. Phone Broad 4900
COMMERCIAL SOUTH AMERICAL LINE WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AMERICAN PORTS. PASSENGER AGENTS, 398 BROADWAY. FREIGHT AGENTS, 29 BROADWAY.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/U.S. Marshal's Notices

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U. S. Marshal's Notices.
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT.
Southern District of New York.—At the suit of the United States demanding forfeiture thereof under the provisions of Section IV., Paragraph G, Sub-Sec. 1, of the Tariff Act of October 3, 1913, I have seized and hold 1 lot lottery tickets, 1 obscene figure, 215 pkgs. illegal articles, 4 obscene pictures, 3 lottery tickets and 1 lottery list, 3 obscene pictures, 14 lottery tickets, 2 lottery tickets, 2 obscene pictures, 12 obscene pictures, 1 obscene picture, 2 lottery tickets, 23 obscene pictures, 5 lottery tickets, 1 obscene pamphlet, 1 obscene pamphlet and 9 obscene pictures, 15 pictures, 13 obscene pictures, 11 obscene pictures, 23 illegal articles, 3 obscene pictures, 4 obscene pictures, 6 obscene pictures, 11 illegal articles, 9 obscene pictures, 6 obscene pictures and 1 obscene pamphlet, 1 obscene pamphlet, 3 pkgs. obscene books & photos, 2 obscene pictures, 9 obscene pictures, 29 obscene pictures and 1 obscene pamphlet, 8 obscene pictures, 1 obscene pamphlet and 21 illegal articles, 2 obscene pictures, 20 obscene pictures, 2 obscene pictures & 10 lbs. pamphlets, 80 obscene pictures, 5 obscene pictures, 25 obscene pictures, 19 obscene pictures, 2 illegal articles, 12 illegal articles, 1 lottery list, 6 obscene pictures, 1 illegal article, 3 obscene pictures & 1 obscene pamphlet, 23 obscene pictures, 1 illegal article, 1 obscene picture, 8 illegal articles, 3 illegal articles, 1 obscene picture and 1 obscene pamphlet, 25 obscene pictures and 1 illegal article, 16 illegal articles and 1 obscene article and 3 obscene pamphlets, 1 obscene ring, 12 illegal articles, 1 obscene pamphlet, 1 obscene article, 11 obscene pictures, 3 obscene pictures, 1 obscene book, 2 illegal articles, 1 obscene article, 1 obscene picture, 6 illegal articles, 29 obscene pictures, 4 obscene pictures, 4 obscene pictures, 2 obscene pictures, 1 obscene letter, 29 obscene pictures, 10 obscene pictures and 1 obscene letter, 1 obscene picture, 9 illegal articles, 1 obscene pamphlet and 9 obscene pictures, 1 pkg. illegal articles, 1 illegal article.
THOMAS D. McCARTHY, United States Marshal.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Classified/Unfurnished Rooms

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UNFURNISHED ROOMS.
86TH, 140 WEST.—Newly decorated front parlor, unfurnished; suitable for studio.
# The New York Times/1918/11/11/Clergymen Aid War Drive

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CLERGYMEN AID WAR DRIVE.
Peace and German Revolution Also Discussed in Churches.
A plea for hearty support of the United War Work drive was the keynote of the sermons in churches here yesterday. Revolution in Germany and approaching peace also were discussed.
The Rev. Dr. Charles A. Eaton in his sermon in the Madison Avenue Baptist Church said recent events marked the first time the world had passed consciously from one era to another. He paid tribute to Cardinal Merster "as the greatest figure in the religious world today."
Rabbi Silverman in Temple Beth-El said the world was nearer its millennium today than ever before, and asserted the war had brought mankind nearer to brotherhood than had centuries of religious teachings. War, he added, had brought religion back to its original task of combating bigotry, fighting sin, and uplifting mankind. The rabbi dwelt upon the comradeship and co-operative spirit of chaplains of all creeds in the army and navy.
"The very angels of God have been fighting with our soldiers," the Rev. Dr. John Roach Straton said in his sermon in Calvary Baptist Church. He expressed belief that the world war had recreated spiritual thought, and cited teh declaration of "a man so practical as Marshal Joffre" that he believed the first battle of the Marne was won by God.
The Rev. Dr. S. Howard Young, in the Bedford Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, said "in the Providence of God Kaiser ished by the German people themselves," ished by the German people themselves" and that their face could not come more bitterly than at the hands of the Socialists they had denounced. Retribution upon the war lord he described as divine, and as the first world lesson to be derived from the German downfall.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Splint (horse)

Edition of 1905. See also Splints on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SPLINT. A bony enlargement on the horse's leg between the knee and the fetlock, usually appearing on the inside of the fore leg, frequently situated between the large and small canon bones.
It is usually caused by concussion, and is most common in young horses that have been driven rapidly along hard roads before their bones have become firm.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Spiræa

Edition of 1905. See also Spiraea on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SPIRÆA (Lat., from Gk. σπειραία, speiraia, meadow-sweet, from σπεῖρα, speira, coil, twist, spire; so called from the sliape of the follicles). A large genus of herbs and low deciduous shrubs of the natural order Rosaceæ, natives of the Northern Hemisphere. Dropwort (Spiræa filipendula) and meadow-sweet or queen of the meadow (Spiræa ulmaria) are European species. Two other species are shown on the accompanying plate. Many species are cultivated in shrubberies for their flowers.
SPIRÆA, ETC.
| 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 4 |
| 1. HARDHACK (Spiræa tomentosa). | 3. SHADBUSH (Amelanchier Canadensis). |
| 2. WILLOW-LEAVED SPIRÆA (Spiræa salicifolia). | 4. SAXIFRAGE (Saxifraga Virginiensis). |
# The New International Encyclopædia/Spitta, Karl Johann Philipp

Edition of 1905. See also Philipp Spitta (poet) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SPIT'TA, Karl Johann Philipp (1801-59). A German religious poet, born in Hanover. He was educated at Göttingen, and from 1824 to 1828 he was a tutor at Lüne, and there wrote the best of his hymns. Afterwards he was vicar or pastor in several churches, and in 1859, shortly before his death, was made superintendent at Burgdorf. His hymns, contained in Psalter und Harfe (1833; revised with biographical note by his son, Ludwig, 1890; ‘Jubilee’ ed., 1901), and in the Nachgelassene geistliche Lieder (1861 and often), rank high in the German spiritual song of the century, and attained great popularity by their freshness of thought, purity of style, and depth of sentiment.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Splint (surgery)

Edition of 1905. See also Splint (medicine) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SPLINT (Swed. splint, spike, forelock, flat iron peg, Dan. splint, splinter; connected with Eng. split). In surgery, a certain mechanical contrivance for keeping a fractured limb in its proper position, and for preventing any motion of the fractured ends; it may also be employed for securing perfect immobility of the parts to which it is applied in other cases, as in diseased joints, after resection of joints, etc. Many different kinds of splints are used, but wood and plaster of Paris are most common. In using wooden splints we take light strips slightly wider than the limb and long enough to reach beyond the joints that lie to either side of the injury. The fractured ends are brought as nearly as possible into their normal relation, thoroughly padded with absorbent cotton to prevent pressure or friction, and then the splints are applied and firmly bandaged to the limb, so as to prevent all motion. Wire netting, gutta percha, leather, and other materials are also frequently employed, as they can be molded to the shape of the limb. In the same way plaster of Paris can be applied to one side of a limb, carefully molded to it, and held in place by bandages. All movable splints, however, have the disadvantage that they must be readjusted from time to time, and thus the fractured limb is subjected to handling.
The plaster of Paris splint is desirable, therefore, in many cases. The limb is carefully protected with a light layer of non-absorbent cotton, especial care being used to guard bony prominences and to avoid any unevenness. Coarse, wide-meshed bandages well rubbed with dry plaster of Paris are immersed for a moment in water and then applied like ordinary bandages, each layer being rubbed into the one beneath so as to make a firm cohesive splint. The plaster should include the joints to either side of the injury. This splint may be both strengthened and lightened by the introduction of wooden or metal strips between the layers of plaster. Drying takes place rapidly and gives a firm resisting splint. In compound fractures or in operative cases a fenestrum may be left over the wound proper and an opportunity thus given to attend to the required dressings without disturbing the splint.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Spinner, Francis Elias

Edition of 1905. See also Francis E. Spinner on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
SPIN'NER, Francis Elias (1802-90). An American political leader, born at German Flats, now Mohawk, N. Y. From 1845 to 1849 he was auditor of the naval office in New York City. In 1854 he was elected to Congress as a Free-Soil Democrat, but soon identified himself with the newly organized Republican Party, and was twice reëlected to Congress, serving from 1855 until 1861, when he was appointed Treasurer of the United States. This position he filled with great credit until 1875, when he resigned on account of failing health and went to Florida, where he passed the remainder of his life. During his administration women were first employed as clerks in the Treasury Department to take the places of the men who enlisted in the Federal armies.