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# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Henry, Joseph

Edition of 1879. See also Joseph Henry on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HENRY, Joseph, an American physicist, born in Albany, N. Y., Dec. 17, 1797. He received a common school education, and after a course of study in the Albany academy, in 1826 he was appointed professor of mathematics in that institution. In 1827 he began a series of experiments in electricity, and in 1828 published an account of various modifications of electro-magnetic apparatus. He was the first to prove by actual experiment that in the transmission of electricity for great distances the power of the battery must be proportioned to the length of the conductor. He was also the first actually to magnetize a piece of iron at a distance, and invented the first machine moved by the agency of electro-magnetism. (See Electro-Magnetism.) In March, 1829, he exhibited to the Albany institute electro-magnets which possessed magnetic power superior to that of any before known, and subsequently he constructed others on the same plan, one of which, now in the cabinet of the college at Princeton, N. J., will sustain 3,600 pounds, with a battery occupying about a cubic foot of space. In 1831, in some experiments at the Albany academy, he transmitted signals by means of the electro-magnet through a wire more than a mile long, causing a bell to sound at the further end of the wire. An account of these experiments and of his electro-magnetic machine was published in Silliman's “American Journal of Science” in 1831, vol. xix., in which Prof. Henry pointed out the applicability of the facts demonstrated by his experiments to the instantaneous conveyance of intelligence between distant points by means of a magnetic telegraph, several years before such a telegraph was brought into practical operation by Prof. Morse. In 1832 he was appointed professor of natural philosophy in the college of New Jersey at Princeton, where he continued his experiments and researches.
In his first course of lectures in that institution 1833 he mentioned the project of the electro-magnetic telegraph, and demonstrated that the electro-magnet might be used to produce mechanical effects at a distance. In February, 1837, he went to Europe, and in April of that year visited Prof. Wheatstone of King's college, London, to whom he explained his discoveries and his method of producing great mechanical effects at a distance, such as the ringing church bells 100 miles off, by means of the electro-magnet. In 1846, on the organization of the Smithsonian institution at Washington, Prof. Henry was appointed its secretary, a post which he still holds (1874), and which gives him the principal direction of the institution. His discoveries in physics are numerous, some of the most important of which are described in various scientific articles in this work. He is the author of “Contributions to Electricity and Magnetism” (4to, Philadelphia, 1839), and many papers in the “American Philosophical Transactions,” in Silliman's “Journal,” in the “Journal of the Franklin Institute,” and in other scientific periodicals.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Helena (Arkansas)

Edition of 1879. See also Helena, Arkansas and Battle of Helena on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HELENA, a town and the capital of Phillips co., Arkansas, on the right bank of the Mississippi river, about 100 m. E. by S. of Little Rock, and 80 m. below Memphis, Tenn.; pop. in 1870, 2,249, of whom 1,109 were colored. It is the terminus of the Arkansas Central, the Helena and Iron Mountain, and the Mobile and Northwestern railroads, is rapidly improving, and is an important commercial point. It contains a court house, a jail, two daily and three weekly newspapers, four schools, and seven churches.—In the summer of 1863 Helena was held by a Union force of about 4,000, commanded by Gen. Prentiss, strongly intrenched, the river also being commanded by a gunboat. On July 4 an unsuccessful attempt to seize the place was made by a confederate force of about 7,600, under Gen. Holmes. The confederate loss in the engagement was officially reported as 173 killed, 687 wounded, and 776 missing, in all 1,636; but Gen. Prentiss reported that he had buried 300 confederate dead and made 1,100 prisoners. The entire loss of the Union force did not exceed 250 in killed and wounded, with no prisoners.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Helena (Montana)

Edition of 1879. See also Helena, Montana on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HELENA, a town and the capital of Lewis and Clarke co., Montana, on the W. side of the valley of Prickly Pear and Ten Mile creeks, at the foot of the Rocky mountains, 15 m. W. of the ​Missouri river, and 110 m. N. of Virginia City; lat. 46° 35′ 36″ N., lon. 111° 52′ 45″ W.; pop. in 1870, 3,106, of whom 641 were Chinese. It is the largest town of the territory, and is connected by stage with Virginia City and Corinne, Utah, on the Central Pacific railroad, 445 m. S. It is chiefly supported by the rich quartz and placer gold mines in the vicinity. The neighboring mountains are covered with forests of pine and fir, which supply several saw mills. The streams and mountain springs furnish abundant water. About 4 m. N. W. of the town are medicinal hot springs. A large portion of the buildings are constructed of brick, granite, and blue limestone, obtained in the vicinity. The town contains a court house, jail, almshouse, masonic hall, and the offices of the United States surveyor general, register and receiver of lands, collector of customs, and marshal. There are 3 cabinet factories, 2 carriage factories, 1 foundery, 3 assay offices, 4 breweries, 1 distillery, 5 bakeries, 4 hotels, 2 national banks with a capital of $200,000, about 60 stores, 4 schools, 2 daily and weekly newspapers, 6 religious societies, and 3 churches. Helena was settled in 1864. It has been visited by several conflagrations, the last and most destructive of which occurred Jan. 9, 1874.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Helianthus

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​ HELIANTHUS. See Sunflower.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Hertz, Hendrik

Edition of 1879. See also Henrik Hertz on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HERTZ, Hendrik, a Danish poet, born in Copenhagen, Aug. 25, 1798. He is of Jewish parentage, but joined the Protestant church, and studied law. In 1826 he published anonymously his first comedy, Herr Burckhard og hans Familie, which was rapidly followed by others. Gjenganger-Brevene, a polemical poem (1830), attracted much attention on account of its severe criticism of the literature of the day. His tragedy Svend Dyrings Huus (1837) added greatly to his popularity by its patriotic character, and a lyrical drama entitled “King Rene's Daughter” carried his fame into Germany, France, and England, where his works have since been translated as soon as they appeared. Among his novels, Stemninger og Tilstande (1839), Johannes Johnson (1858), and Eventyr og Fortällinger (1862) are specially noteworthy.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Hemans, Felicia Dorothea

Edition of 1879. See also Felicia Hemans on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HEMANS, Felicia Dorothea, an English poetess, born in Liverpool, Sept. 25, 1794, died near Dublin, May 12, 1835. Her father, a merchant named Browne, was a native of Ireland, but her mother was of Venetian descent. When she was five years of age commercial disasters compelled the family to remove to an old mansion at Gwryrch, in Denbighshire, Wales, where her childhood was passed. A collection of her juvenile poems was published in 1808, under the title of “Early Blossoms,” and met with harsh treatment from the critics. A second volume, entitled “The Domestic Affections,” published in 1812, was more successful. In the same year she married Capt. Hemans, by whom she became the mother of five sons. Incompatibility of tastes and temperaments rendered the union unfortunate, and after Capt. Hemans went to Italy in 1818 to recover his health they never again met, although letters frequently passed between them with reference to the education of their children. Mrs. Hemans now rejoined her mother in Wales, and commenced an active literary life. She studied German and the languages of southern Europe, translated from Camoëns and Herrera, and contributed numerous pieces in prose and verse to the magazines and annuals. About this time she published “Tales and Historic Scenes,” “Modern Greece,” “Dartmoor,” a prize poem, and “The Skeptic.” At the suggestion of Reginald Heber she wrote her play of “The Vespers of Palermo,” which failed on the London stage, but was well received in Edinburgh. Her works gained her the friendship of many distinguished men. She visited Scott at Abbotsford and Wordsworth at Rydal Mount. In 1831, after a temporary residence near Liverpool for the benefit of her children, she removed to Dublin, where one of her brothers was living. Her last poem was “A Sabbath Sonnet,” dedicated to her brother. In 1839 appeared the first collective edition of her poems, with a memoir by her sister (7 vols. 12mo), followed in 1848 by one chronologically arranged (1 vol. 8vo), and by another in 6 vols. in 1850. In 1836 were published “Memorials of Mrs. Hemans,” by H. F. Chorley (2 vols. 12mo). Her popularity in the United States dates from 1826, when an edition of her poems, accompanied by a notice of the authoress, was published by Prof. Andrews Norton. Numerous other editions have been published here, one (1850) including an essay on her genius by H. T. Tuckerman. Freiligrath has published an admirable German version (Das Waldheiligthum) of her “Forest Sanctuary.”
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Hertzen, Alexander

Edition of 1879. See also Alexander Herzen on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HERTZEN, or Herzen, Alexander, a Russian author, born in Moscow, March 25, 1812, died in Paris, Jan. 21, 1870. He studied at the university of Moscow, where he and some of his associates were arrested in 1834 on account of their socialistic tendencies. He was detained in prison nearly a year, and for several years afterward he was exiled to Siberia. In 1839 he received a full pardon and a clerkship in the ministry of the interior, which he soon lost by his strictures on the government; but in view of his high connections and attainments he was treated considerately, and received the title of councillor of state with orders to reside at Novgorod. In 1842 he asked to be released from all connection with the government, and in the same year came forward as a writer under the nom de plume of Iskander. In 1845-'6 he published an elaborate work showing his sympathy with the younger Hegelian school of philosophy, and in 1847 appeared his first novel descriptive of Russian life. His father's death having put him in possession of a moderate fortune, he was enabled to leave Russia in 1847. After conferring with revolutionists in Italy, France, and Switzerland, he organized a systematic propaganda against Russian absolutism by establishing a publishing house in London for printing and circulating Russian translations of the writings of Louis Blanc, Mazzini, and kindred authors. In 1856 he founded in London the Kolokol (“The Bell”), a journal which attained a large clandestine circulation in Russia, and through which he paved the way for the emancipation of the serfs, for the abolition of corporal punishment in the army, for judiciary reforms, and for diminishing corruption among Russian officials. In 1865 he removed to Geneva, where he published the Kolokol in French (La Cloche), but could not sustain it. He spent the latter part of his life in Paris. The loftiness of his purpose and his integrity, as well as his commanding influence on Russian progress, were respected even by his adversaries; and his claims to literary distinction rest upon a variety of writings, comprising novels and books of travel, published in Russian, German, and French, these languages having been equally familiar to him. His principal works are: Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben (3 vols., 1854; English translation, 2 vols., London, 1855); Russland's sociale Zustände (1854); Memoiren der Fürstin Daschkow (2 vols., 1857); “The Polar Star” (in Russian, 7 vols., London, 1857-'67; 8th vol., Geneva, 1868); Mémoires de l'impératrice Catherine, écrits par elle-même (London, 1859); “For Five Years, 1855-'60” (in Russian, London, 1860); Biloe i Dumi (3 vols., London, 1861; 4th vol., Geneva, 1867); and “Posthumous Writings” (in Russian, Geneva, 1870).—His confiscated Russian estates were restored in 1874 to his only surviving brother, in virtue of an amnesty granted on occasion of the marriage of the grand duchess Maria with the duke of Edinburgh.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Helena, Saint (island)

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
​ HELENA, Saint, an island. See Saint Helena.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Helicon

Edition of 1879. See also Mount Helicon on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HELICON, a mountain range of Greece, in Bœotia, between Lake Copais and the Corinthian gulf. Its loftiest summit, now called Paleo-Vuno, is 5,738 ft. high. In antiquity the slopes and valleys of Helicon were renowned for their fertility, and it was considered the favorite abode of the muses. Above Ascra was a grove sacred to them, and near it the famous fountain of Aganippe, which was believed to inspire those who drank of it. About two miles higher up was the fountain of Hippocrene, produced, according to the legends, by Pegasus's striking the ground with his hoofs.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Hertha

Edition of 1879. See also Nerthus on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HERTHA, Ærtha, or Nerthus, the goddess of earth (Anglo-Saxon, eorthe, Ger. Erde), anciently worshipped by the Æstii, Lombards, Angles, and many other Teutonic tribes established near the lower Elbe, and in the regions of the Baltic. The Scandinavians called her Jord; according to them she was daughter of Annar and Night, sister of Dagur or Day by the mother's side, wife of Odin (thus identical with Frigga), and mother of Thor. This identification of the female principle, or of generation and fertility, with the earth, is found in all religions. The earth being the all-nourishing mother, it was naturally believed that Hertha sympathized with mankind, and the myth of the revival of spring gradually became for the vulgar a faith that she visited them in person at stated times. These visits took place, according to Tacitus, on a sacred island in the Baltic, where the chariot of Hertha was kept. When the goddess had descended from the throne of Odin, she was believed to take her seat in the chariot. Heifers were then harnessed to it, and she was drawn amid festivity over the land. During this procession all feuds were suspended. Finally the goddess, or rather her wagon, on returning to the holy grove, was washed in the sea by slaves, who immediately after were drowned. This appearance of Hertha was also practised in another form among certain German tribes, with whom it was usual on occasions of drought to send the most beautiful maiden of the village, entirely naked, at the head of a female procession over the fields.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Pineapple Julep

Pineapple Julep.
(For a party of five.)
* Take the juice of two oranges.
* Take 1 gill of raspberry syrup.
* Take 1 gill of Maraschino.
* Take 1 gill of Old Tom gin.
* Take 1 quart bottle Sparkling Moselle.
* Take 1 ripe pineapple, peeled, sliced and cut up.
Put all the materials in a glass bowl; ice, and serve in flat glasses, ornamented with berries in season.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Porter Cup

Porter Cup.
* Take 1 bottle of porter.
* Take 1 bottle of ale.
* Take 1 glass of brandy.
* Take 1 dessert-spoonful of syrup of ginger.
* Take 3 or 4 lumps of sugar.
* Take ½ nutmeg, grated.
* Take 1 tea-spoonful carbonate of soda.
* Take 1 cucumber.
Mix the porter and ale in a covered jug; add the brandy, syrup of ginger, and nutmeg; cover it and ​expose it to the cold for half an hour; when served stir in the carbonate of soda, and the rind of the cucumber.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Porteree

Porteree.
(Use large bar-glass.)
This is the same as the Porter Sangaree.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Pony Brandy

Pony Brandy.
(Use smail bar-glass. )
Pour it into the glass, and serve with some ice-water in a separate glass.
Some bar-tenders have a fancy way of serving this drink. It is done thusly:—
Fill to the brim a pony-glass of brandy, cover it with the bar-glass, then press both glasses tightly together and turn them over quickly, so that the pony-glass will remain upside down in the bar-glass, without a drop of the brandy escaping.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Port Wine Negus

Port Wine Negus.
(Use small bar-glass.)
* Take 1 wine-glass of Port wine.
* Take 1 tea-spoonful of sugar.
Fill tumbler one-third full with hot water, and grate a little nutmeg on top before serving.
Port Wine Negus.
(General rule for preparing a quantity.)
* To every pint of Port wine allow:
* Take 1 quart of boiling water.
* Take ¼ of a pound of loaf-sugar.
* Take 1 lemon.
* Take Grated nutmeg to taste.
Put the wine into a jug, rub some lumps of sugar (equal to one-quarter of a pound) on the lemon rind until all the yellow part of the skin is absorbed, then squeeze the juice and strain it. Add the sugar and lemon-juice to the Port wine, with the grated nutmeg; pour over it the boiling water, cover the jug, and when the beverage has cooled a little, it will be fit for use.
​Negus may also be made of Sherry, or any other sweet wine, but it is more usually made of Port.
This is an English beverage and derives its name from Colonel Negus, who is said to have invented it.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Port Wine Sangaree

Port Wine Sangaree.
(Use medium bar-glass.)
* Take 1 claret-glass of Port-wine.
* Take ½ tea-spoonful of powdered white sugar.
* Take 2 or 3 small lumps of ice.
Shake up well, strain into a small bar-glass, and serve with a little grated nutmeg on top.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Porter Sangaree

Porter Sangaree.
(Use large bar-glass.)
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Pineapple Punch

Pineapple Punch.
(For a party of ten.)
* Take 4 bottles of Champagne.
* Take 1 pint of Jamaica rum.
* Take 1 pint of brandy.
* Take 1 gill of Curaçoa.
* Take Juice of four lemons.
* Take 2 pineapples sliced.
Sweeten to taste with pulverized white sugar.
Put the pineapple with quarter of a pound of sugar in a glass bowl, and let them stand until the sugar is well soaked in the pineapple, then add all the other ingredients, except the Champagne.
​Let this mixture stand in ice for about an hour, then add the Champagne, and ornament with sliced orange, and other fruits in season.
Serve in Champagne glasses.
Pineapple punch is sometimes made by adding sliced pineapple to brandy punch.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Plain Lemonade

Plain Lemonade.
(Use large bar-glass.)
* Take the juice of half a large lemon.
* Take 1½ table-spoonful of sugar.
* Take 2 or 3 pieces of orange.
​Fill the tumbler one-half full with shaved ice, the balance with water; dash with raspberry syrup, ornament with fruits in season, and serve with straws.
# The Bar-tender's Guide/Port Wine Flip

Port Wine Flip.
(Use large bar-glass.)
* Take 1 small tea-spoonful of powdered white sugar.
* Take 1 large wine-glass of port wine.
* Take 1 fresh egg.
* Take 2 or 3 small lumps of ice.
Break the egg into the glass, add the sugar, and lastly the wine and ice. Shake up thoroughly and strain into a medium sized goblet.
# The Awakening (Shorter)

“I had no culture for my love…”
* Shorter, Dora Sigerson (1893), "The Awakening" in Verses
* Shorter, Dora Sigerson (1907), "The Awakening" in The Collected Poems of Dora Sigerson Shorter
# The Awkward Age

* "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly': 42–43:
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2180) (1 October 1899): 966–967.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2181) (8 October 1899): 990–991.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2182) (15 October 1899): 1011–1015.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2183) (22 October 1899): 1035–1039.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2184) (29 October 1899): 1059–1063.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2185) (5 November 1899): 1082–1087.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2186) (12 November 1899): 1106–1110.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2187) (19 November 1899): 1130–1135.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2188) (26 November 1899): 1154–1158.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2189) (3 December 1899): 1178–1183.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2190) (10 December 1899): 1202–1207.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2192) (24 December 1899): 1266–1271.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 42 (2193) (31 December 1899): 1290–1295.
** "The Awkward Age" in Harper's Weekly 43 (2194) (7 January 1900): 13–18.
    — American magazine edition; first publication in any form.
* The Awkward Age (London: William Heinemann, 1899)
    — First English book edition. Published 25 April 1899.
* The Awkward Age (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1899)
    — First American book edition. Published 12 May 1899.
* "The Awkward Age" in The Novels and Tales of Henry James 9: 1–548.
    — The "New York Edition"; revised for publication by James; this is the last revised version published in James' lifetime.
* The Awkward Age (London: Macmillan & Co., 1922)
    — Volume 14 of The Novels and Stories of Henry James, the first posthumous collection of James' works; uses the "New York Edition" text.
# The Awakening River

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "The Awakening River."
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# The Awkward Age (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1899)

First American edition. Published 12 May 1899; 1000 copies printed; sold for $1.50.
THE AWKWARD AGE
A Novel. By HENRY JAMES
Author of "Washington Square"
"Daisy Miller" "Picture and Text"
"Terminations" "The Private Life"
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK AND LONDON
1899
BY THE SAME AUTHOR
NEW YORK AND LONDON:
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS.
Copyright, 1899, by Harper & Brothers.
All rights reserved.
CONTENTS
| Book First: Lady Julia | 3 |
| Book Second: Little Aggie | 33 |
| Book Third: Mr. Longdon | 99 |
| Book Fourth: Mr. Cashmore | 131 |
| Book Fifth: The Duchess | 169 |
| Book Sixth: Mrs. Brook | 233 |
| Book Seventh: Mitchy | 279 |
| Book Eighth: Tishy Grendon | 321 |
| Book Ninth: Vanderbank | 367 |
| Book Tenth: Nanda | 413 |
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse