OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Fegen, Richard

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​FEGEN. (Commander, 1828. f-p., 29; h-p., 24.)
Richard Fegen entered the Navy, in March, 1794, as Midshipman, on board the London packet, Lieut.-Commander Jas. Fegen; removed, in 1798, to the Galatea 32, Capt. Hon. Geo. Byng; and on joining the Tamar 38, Capt. Thos. Western, assisted, in 1799, at the reduction of the Dutch colony of Surinam, and the capture, after a close action of 10 minutes, of the French 28-gun frigate Républicaine. Removing, next, to the Dromedary store-ship, Capt. Bridges Watkinson Taylor, he served in the boats at the destruction of a ship under the batteries of Guadeloupe, and the capture of a schooner-of-war; and, on 10 Aug. 1800, he was wrecked in the Bocca, near the island of Trinidad. Until March, 1806, Mr. Fegen was afterwards employed, on the West India and Home stations, in the Leviathan 74, bearing the flag of Sir John Duckworth, Magnanime 44, Capt. Taylor, and Locust, Milbrook, and Cracker gun-brigs, Lieut.-Commanders John Lake, Mauritius Adolphus Newton De Starck, and John Leach. After a further servitude of eight months as Sub-Lieutenant in the Sprightly, Lieut.Commander Jas. Gordon, he obtained a full Lieutenancy, 8 Nov. 1806, in the Hermes sloop, Capt. Edw. Reynolds Sibly, under whom, in the year following, he attended the expedition to Monte Video. In the course of 1808 Mr. Fegen further joined the Sceptre 74, Capt. Joseph Bingham, and Eijderin, Capt. Pengelly; and, then assuming command of the Fanny cutter, he co-operated in the attack upon Flushing in Aug. 1809. During the remainder of the war he served (principally on the Home station, although for some time in the West Indies) in command of the scp, and on board the Favourite, Capt. Benj. Clements, Gannet, Capt. Jas. Stevenson, Kangaroo, Capt. Lloyd, and Prince, flag-ship of Sir Rich. Bickerton. His subsequent appointments were – 14 June, 1819, and 23 Nov. 1822, to the Tigre and Lapwing Revenue-cutters, in which he made some valuable captures – 28 Nov. 1822, to the Preventive Water-Guard Service – and, 19 Dec. 1826, to the command of the Pincher 5, on the Jamaica station. Since his attainment of the rank he now holds, 9 Feb. 1828, Commander Fegen has been on half-pay.
He married, 13 May, 1831, Miss Banks, of Ryde, in the Isle of Wight, and has issue.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Fellowes, Charles

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​FELLOWES. (Lieutenant, 1846.)
Charles Fellowes passed his examination 19 Oct. 1842; and served as Mate, on the Plymouth, North America and West India, and Pacific stations, on board the Caledonia 120, and Illustrious 72, flagships of Sir David Milne and Sir Chas. Adam, and in the America 50., Capt. Hon. John Gordon. On the attainment of his present rank, 29 June, 1846, he joined, as Additional-Lieutenant, the Collingwood 80, bearing the flag of Sir Geo. Fras. Seymour, Commander-in-Chief in the Pacific. He was appointed, 17 Oct. following, to the Queen 110, Capt. Sir Henry John Leeke, at Devonport; and, since 5 Jan. 1847, has been attached to the Superb 80, Capt. Armar Lowry Corry, part of the Channel squadron.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Fellowes, James

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​FELLOWES. (Lieutenant, 1838.)
James Fellowes, born 31 July, 1813, is fourth and youngest son of the late Wm. Henry Fellowes, Esq., of Ramsey Abbey, M.P. for Huntingdonshire, by Emma, fourth daughter of Rich. Benyon, Esq., of Englefield House, co. Berks; brother of the present Edw. Fellowes, Esq., of Ramsey Abbey, co. Huntingdon, and of Haverland Hall, co. Norfolk, a Deputy-Lieutenant for the shire; and nephew of Vice-Admiral of the Red Sir Edw. Fellowes, who commanded the Tourterelle 26, at the reduction of Ste. Lucie in 1796, and the Alarm 32, at the conquest of Trinidad in 1797, and died in 1841, in the 70th year of his age.
This officer entered the Navy 3 Aug. 1826; passed his examination in 1832; obtained his commission 28 June, 1838; and was afterwards appointed, 5 July, 1838, and 5 Dec. 1839, to the Cornwallis 74, flag-ship in North America and the West Indies of Sir Chas. Paget, and Pique 36, Capt. Edw. Boxer, in the Mediterranean. Since 1841 he has been unemployed. Agents – Messrs. Stilwell.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gifford, William

​Gifford, William (1756-1826).—Critic and poet, was b. of humble parentage at Ashburton, Devonshire, and after being for a short time at sea, was apprenticed to a cobbler. Having, however, shown signs of superior ability, and a desire for learning, he was befriended and ed., ultimately at Oxf., where he grad. Becoming known to Lord Grosvenor, he was patronised by him, and in course of time produced his first poem, The Baviad (1794), a satire directed against the Della Cruscans, a clique of very small and sentimental poets, which at once quenched their little tapers. This was ​followed by another satire, The Mæviad, against some minor dramatists. His last effort in this line was his Epistle to Peter Pindar (Dr. Walcot), inspired by personal enmity, which evoked a reply, A Cut at a Cobbler. These writings had established the reputation of G. as a keen, and even ferocious critic, and he was appointed in 1797 ed. of the Anti-Jacobin, which Canning and his friends had just started, and of the Quarterly Review (1809-24). He also brought out ed. of Massinger, Ben Jonson, and Ford. As a critic he had acuteness; but he was one-sided, prejudiced, and savagely bitter, and much more influenced in his judgments by the political opinions than by the literary merits of his victims. In his whole career, however, he displayed independence and spirit in overcoming the disadvantages of his early life, as well as gratitude to those who had served him. He held various appointments which placed him above financial anxiety.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gildon, Charles

​Gildon, Charles (1665-1724).—Critic and dramatist, belonged to a Roman Catholic family, and was an unsuccessful playwright, a literary hack, and a critic of little acumen or discrimination. He attacked Pope as "Sawny Dapper," and was in return embalmed in The Dunciad. He also wrote a Life of Defoe.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gilfillan, George

​Gilfillan, George (1813-1878).—Poet and critic, s. of a dissenting minister at Comrie, Perthshire, studied at Glasgow Univ., and was ordained minister of a church in Dundee. He was a voluminous author. Among his writings are Gallery of Literary Portraits, and a Series of British Poets with introductions and notes in 48 vols. He also wrote Lives of Burns, Scott, and others, and Night (1867), a poem in nine books. His style was somewhat turgid, and his criticism rather sympathetic than profound.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Geddes, Alexander

​Geddes, Alexander (1737-1802).—Theologian and scholar, of Roman Catholic parentage, was b. at Ruthven, Banffshire, and ed. for the priesthood at the local seminary of Scalan, and at Paris, and became a priest in his native county. His translation of the Satires of Horace made him known as a scholar, but his liberality of view led to his suspension. He then went to London, where he became known to Lord Petre, who enabled him to proceed with a new translation of the Bible for English Roman Catholics, which he carried on as far as Ruth, with some of the Psalms, and which was pub. in 3 vols. (1792-6). This was followed by Critical Remarks on the Hebrew Scriptures, in which he largely anticipated the German school of criticism. The result of this publication was his suspension from all ecclesiastical functions. G. was also a poet, and wrote Linton: a Tweedside Pastoral, Carmen Seculare pro Gallica Gente (1790), in praise of the French Revolution. He d. without recanting, but received absolution at the hands of a French priest, though public mass for his soul was forbidden by the ecclesiastical powers.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Geoffrey of Monmouth

​Geoffrey of Monmouth (1100?-1154).—Chronicler, was probably a Benedictine monk, and became Bishop of St. Asaph. He wrote a Latin History of British Kings. Merlin's Prophecies, long attributed to him, is now held to be not genuine. The history is rather a historical romance than a sober history, and gave scandal to some of the more prosaic chroniclers who followed him. It was subsequently translated into Anglo-Norman by Gaimar and Wace and into English by Layamon.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gilder, Richard Watson

​Gilder, Richard Watson (1844-1909).—Poet, b. at Borderstown, New Jersey, was successively a lawyer, a soldier, and a journalist, in which last capacity he ed. Scribner's (afterwards the Century) Magazine. He holds a high place among American poets as the author of The New Day (1875), The Celestial Passion, The Great Remembrance, Five Books of Song (1894), In Palestine (1898), In the Heights (1905), A Book of Music (collection) (1906), etc.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gerard, Alexander

​Gerard, Alexander (1728-1795).—Philosophical writer, s. of Rev. Gilbert G., was ed. at Aberdeen, where he became Prof., first of Natural Philosophy, and afterwards of Divinity, and one of the ministers of the city. As a prof. he introduced various reforms. In 1756 he gained the prize for an Essay on Taste which, together with an Essay on Genius, he subsequently pub. These treatises, though now superseded, gained for him considerable reputation.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gifford, Richard

​Gifford, Richard (1725-1807).—Poet, was ed. at Oxford and took orders. He was the author of a poem, Contemplation. He also wrote theological and controversial works.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Gildas

​Gildas (516?-570?).—British historian, was a monk who is believed to have gone to Brittany about 550, and founded a monastery. He wrote a history, De Excidio Britanniæ (concerning the overthrow of Britain). It consists of two parts, the first from the Roman invasion until the end of the 4th century, and the second a continuation to the writer's own time. It is obscure and wordy, and not of much value.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Alexander, Mrs. Cecil F.

​Alexander, Mrs. Cecil F. (Humphreys) (1818–1895).—dau. of Maj. H., b. in Co. Waterford, m. the Rev. W. Alexander, afterwards Bishop of Derry and Archbishop of Armagh. Her Hymns for Little Children had reached its 69th edition before the close of the century. Some of her hymns, e.g. "There is a Green Hill" and "The Roseate Hues of Early Dawn," are known wherever English is spoken. Her husband has also written several books of poetry, of which the most important is St. Augustine's Holiday and other Poems.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Alford, Henry

​Alford, Henry (1810–1871).—Theologian, scholar, poet, and miscellaneous writer, s. of a clergyman, was b. in London. After passing through various private schools, he proceeded to Cambridge, where he had a distinguished career, and after entering the Church and filling various preferments in the country, became minister of Quebec Chapel, London, whence he was promoted to be Dean of Canterbury. His great work was his Greek Testament in 4 vols., of which the first was pub. in 1849 and the last in 1861. In this work he largely followed the German critics, maintaining, however, a moderate liberal position; and it was for long the standard work on the subject in this country. A. was one of the most versatile men, and prolific authors, of his day, his works consisting of nearly 50 vols., including poetry (School of the Heart and Abbot of Munchelnaye, and a translation of the Odyssey), criticism, sermons, etc. In addition to the works above mentioned he wrote Chapters on the Greek Poets (1841), the Queen's English (1863), and many well-known hymns, and he was the first editor of the Contemporary Review. He was also an accomplished artist and musician. His industry was incessant and induced a premature breakdown in health, which terminated in his death in 1871. He was the friend of most of his eminent contemporaries, and was much beloved for his amiable character.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Alison, Sir Archibald

​Alison, Sir Archibald (1792–1867).—Historian, s. of the above, was b. at Kenley, Shropshire, and after studying under a private tutor, and at Edinburgh University, was, in 1814, called to the Bar, at which he ultimately attained some distinction, becoming in 1834 Sheriff of Lanarkshire, in which capacity he rendered ​valuable service in times of considerable difficulty. It was when travelling in France in 1814 that he conceived the idea of his History of Europe, which deals with the period from the outbreak of the French Revolution to the restoration of the Bourbons, and extends, in its original form (1833–42), to 10 vols. The work is one of vast industry, and gives a useful account of an important epoch, but is extremely diffuse and one-sided, and often prosy. Disraeli satirises the author in Coningsby as Mr. Wordy, who wrote a history to prove that Providence was on the side of the Tories. It had, however, an enormous sale. A continuation of it (1852–59) brought the story down to the accession of Louis Napoleon. A. was also the author of a life of Marlborough, and of two standard works on the criminal law of Scotland. In his private and official capacities he was highly respected, and was elected Lord Rector successively of Marischal Coll., Aberdeen, and of Glasgow University. He was created a baronet by Lord Derby in 1852.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Anderson, Alexander

​Anderson, Alexander (1845-1909).—Poet, s. of a quarrier at Kirkconnel, Dumfriesshire, became a surfaceman on the railway. Spending all his leisure in self-culture, he mastered German, French, and Spanish sufficiently to read the chief masterpieces in these languages. His poetic vein, which was true if somewhat limited in range, soon manifested itself, and his first book, Songs of Labour, appeared in 1873, and there followed Two Angels (1875), Songs of the Rail (1878), and Ballads and Sonnets (1879). In the following year he was made assistant librarian in the University of Edinburgh, and after an interval as secretary to the Philosophical Institution there, he returned as Chief Librarian to the university. Thereafter he wrote little. Of a simple and gentle character, he made many friends, including the Duke of Argyll, Carlyle, and Lord Houghton. He generally wrote under the name of "Surfaceman."
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Alesius, Alexander

​Alesius, Alexander (1500–1565).—Theologian and controversialist. His unlatinised name was Aless or Alane, and he was b. at Edinburgh and ed. at St. Andrews, where he became a canon. Originally a strong and able defender of the Romish doctrines, he was chosen to argue with Patrick Hamilton, the proto-martyr of the Reformation in Scotland, with the object of inducing him to recant. The result, however, was that he was himself much shaken in his allegiance to the Church, and the change was greatly accelerated by the martyrdom of H. His subsequent protest against the immorality of the clergy led to his imprisonment, and ultimately, in 1532, to his flying for his life to Germany, where he became associated with Luther and Melancthon, and definitely joined the reforming party. Coming to England in 1535, he was well received by Cranmer and other reformers. While in England he studied medicine, and practised as a physician in London. On the fall of T. Cromwell in 1540 he again retired to Germany, where, at Leipzig, he obtained a professorship. During the reign of Edward VI. he re-visited England and was employed by Cranmer in connection with the 1st ​Liturgy of Edward VI. Returning to Leipsic he passed the remainder of his days in peace and honour, and was twice elected Rector of the University. His writings were both exegetical and controversial, but chiefly the latter. They include Expositio Libri Psalmorum Davidis (1550). His controversial works refer to such subjects as the translation of the Bible into the vernacular, against Servetus, etc.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Allingham, William

​Allingham, William (1824–1889).—Poet, the s. of a banker of English descent, was b. at Ballyshannon, entered the customs service, and was ultimately settled in London, where he contributed to Leigh Hunt's Journal. Hunt introduced him to Carlyle and other men of letters, and in 1850 he pub. a book of poems, which was followed by Day and Night Songs (1854), Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland (1864) (his most ambitious, though not his most successful work), and Collected Poems in 6 vols. (1888–93). He also edited The Ballad Book for the Golden Treasury series in 1864. In 1870 he retired from the civil service and became sub-editor of Fraser's Magazine under Froude, whom he succeeded as editor (1874–79). His verse is clear, fresh, and graceful. He married Helen Paterson, the water colourist, whose idylls have made the name of "Mrs. Allingham" famous also. He d. in 1889. Other works are Fifty Modern Poems (1865), Songs, Poems, and Ballads (1877), Evil May Day (1883), Blackberries (1884), Irish Songs and Poems (1887), and Varieties in Prose (1893). A selection from his diaries and autobiography was pub. in 1906.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Allston, Washington

​Allston, Washington (1779–1843).—Painter and poet, b. in S. Carolina, became a distinguished painter, and also wrote a good deal of verse including The Sylphs of the Seasons, etc. (1813), and The Two Painters, a satire. He also produced a novel, Monaldi. He was known as "the American Titian."
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Alison, Archibald

​Alison, Archibald (1757–1839).—Didactic and philosophical writer, was b. in Edinburgh and ed. at Glasgow University and Oxford. After being presented to various livings in England, A. came to Edinburgh as incumbent of St. Paul's Episcopal Chapel, where he attained popularity as a preacher of sermons characterised by quiet beauty of thought and grace of composition. His chief contribution to literature is his Essay on the Nature and Principles of Taste (1790), in which the "association" theory is supported.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Allen, Charles Grant

​Allen, Charles Grant (1848–1899).—Scientific writer and novelist, b. in Canada, to which his f., a clergyman, had emigrated, and ed. at Birmingham and Oxford. For a time he was a professor in a college for negroes in Jamaica, but returning to England in 1876 devoted himself to literature. His first books were on scientific subjects, and include Physiological Æsthetics (1877) and Flowers and Their Pedigrees. After assisting Sir W.W. Hunter in his Gazeteer of India, he turned his attention to fiction, and between 1884 and 1899 produced about 30 novels, among which The Woman Who Did (1895), promulgating certain startling views on marriage and kindred questions, created some sensation. Another work, The Evolution of the Idea of God, propounding a theory of religion on heterodox lines, has the disadvantage of endeavouring to explain everything by one theory. His scientific works also included Colour Sense, Evolutionist at Large, Colin Clout's Calendar, and the Story of the Plants, and among his novels may be added Babylon, In all Shades, Philistia (1884), The Devil's Die, and The British Barbarians (1896).
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Amory, Thomas

​Amory, Thomas (1691(?)–1788).—Eccentric writer, was of Irish descent. In 1755 he publ. Memoirs containing the lives of several ladies of Great Britain, a History of Antiquities and Observations on the Christian Religion, which was followed by the Life of John Buncle (1756), practically a continuation. The contents of these works are of the most miscellaneous description—philology, natural science, theology, and, in fact, whatever occurred to the writer, treated without any system, but with occasional originality and felicity of diction. The author, who was probably more or less insane, is described as having a very peculiar aspect, with the manner of a gentleman, scarcely ever stirring abroad except at dusk. He reached the age of 97.
# A profitable instruction of the perfect ordering of Bees/First Treatise/Chapter 40

Howe to drawe a profitable Oyle out ef Waxe, for ſundrie vſes. Cap. xl.
The Oile of Waxe, is myraculous and diuine in workyng, bycauſe it ſerueth in a manner vnto all griefes. Reymond Lully {{bl|greatly commendeth this Oyle, approuing it rather as a celeſtiall and diuine remedie, and that this in woundes, doeth worke moſte miraculouſly, which for his maruellous commoditie, not ſo well to be allowed of the common Chirurgions, bycauſe this pretious Oyle healeth a wounde, be the ſame neuer ſo wide and bigge, being before wide ſtitched vppe, in the ſpace of tenne or twelue dayes at the moſte. But thoſe whiche are ſmall, this Oyle healeth in three dayes, by annoynting onely on the cuttes or woundes, and laying after linnen cloutes, wette in the ſaide Oyle, vpon the woundes. For inward diſeaſes the ſaide Oyle worketh myraculouſlye (if that you miniſter or gyue a dramme at a time in white Wine to drinke) and ſtayeth alſo the ſheading of haire, either on the head or beard, ​by annointing the places with this Oyle. Beſides theſe, it is miraculous in the procuring of vrine, being mightily ſtopped, and helpeth alſo ſtitches and paine in the loynes, by drinking the like quantitie of the Oyle aboue taughte in white wine.}}
Now the making and drawing of this oyle, is on this wiſe: firſte take a body of glaſſe, named a Retort, which ſtronglye lute aboute with clay and flocks, diligently tempered togither with ſalte water: after the body is thus fenced and thoroughe drie, putte in a pounde or more of pure newe waxe, ſo that the ſaide waxe filleth not aboue halfe youre body, and to euerye pounde of Waxe, poure in foure ounces, of the pouder of redde bricke, finely bruſed, whiche after ſet into an earthen potte, filling it rounde aboute with fine ſifted aſhes or ſande. After this, ſet the potte with the bodye in it, on a fornace, making a ſofte fire at the firſte vnder it, and after encreaſing a little more your fire, diſtil them ſo long, vntill all youre Oyle be come, whiche after a while wyll congeale in the receiuer: but it maketh no greate matter, although the oyle ſo doe, for it is neuertheleſſe in his perfection. Bycauſe that if you ſhoulde diſtill it ſo often ouer, vntil it will congeale or ſtiffen no more in the receiuer, then ſhall you make it ouer hotte, and ſo quicke in the mouth, that it is not poſſible by anye meanes to drinke it downe. But being once diſtilled, you maye either giue it in Wine to drinke, or annoint with the Oyle on any place of the bodye where you will, whiche will always doe good, and hurte in no manner.
And in conſideration of theſe aboue taught, you maye euidently learne and perceiue, that this myraculous Oyle oughte to be hadde in greate veneration of the common ſorte.
# A profitable instruction of the perfect ordering of Bees/First Treatise/Chapter 35

What waxe is beſte allowed and commended. Cap. xxxv.
WAxe being the foode of lighte, and ſeruing vnto innumerble vſes of men, of all the kindes, the ſame is beſte allowed and commended, whiche is bothe newe made, meanelye redde of coloure, ſomewhat fattie, ſmelling ſweete, hauyng ſome ſauoure in it of the Honny, and cleare. Of the Waxe alſo in ſundrie Countries, that in the countrie of Pontus is well commended, and the ſame in the Isle of Creta: nexte to theſe is the Waxe in the Isle of Corſica, which is made of the Boxe tree, and ſuppoſed to haue ſome good effects in it for Medicine.