OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/North-West Territories

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​NORTH-WEST TERRITORIES. The North-West Territory was at first a general name given to all the districts of British North America lying N.W. of the St Lawrence basin. In the British North America Act of 1867 provision was made for the admission to Canada of “Rupert’s Land and the North-West Territory.” Manitoba was formed out of this district in 1870. The territory remaining was then called the “North-West Territories,” and until other arrangements were made was to be under the governor of Manitoba. In 1876 the district of Keewatin was established; in 1881 the limits of Manitoba were enlarged; and in 1882 four new districts—Assiniboia, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Athabasca—were organized. In 1905 the two first of these with some modification became the province of Saskatchewan, and the two last the province of Alberta. The territories of Canada outside of the eight provinces and Yukon district of the mainland are now organized as the North-West Territories, and are under an administrator or acting governor. They include the districts of Keewatin, Ungava, Mackenzie and Franklin. These territories have an Indian population of about 8500, the ​Indians throughout the southern part being chiefly Chipewyans, or, as they are sometimes called, Tinné. The northern parts are inhabited by Eskimo. In these territories a short hot summer is followed by a long cold winter with extremely low temperatures, the spirit thermometer at times showing 60° to 65° F. below zero. The following observations may be quoted:—
With the exception of southern Keewatin and the district south of James Bay the animals of the North-West Territories are chiefly fur-bearing. Great herds of musk-oxen are found in Mackenzie, and vast flocks of ducks, geese and other migratory birds spend summer in the northern wilds. Except in southern Keewatin and the James Bay district the flora is decidedly northern, becoming Arctic in the far north. Forest trees grow small and ill formed. Sedges abound, exceeding grasses; mustards are abundant, and saxifrages plentiful. Mosses and lichens are numerous.
The history of the north-west follows three different branches. (1) The story of Arctic exploration and the search for the North-West Passage, with a concentration of interest upon the name of Sir John Franklin, whose loss was followed by a great development of investigation in the Arctic regions; (2) the story of the fur trade, connected with the Hudson Bay forts, from the establishment of the first Charles Fort in 1669; (3) the story of immigration, the beginning of which is to be found in the coming of the Selkirk colonists, the real founders of Manitoba (q.v.), to Red river by way of Hudson Bay.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/North Cape

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​NORTH CAPE (Nordkap), a promontory on the island Magerö off the north coast of Norway in 70° 10′ 40″ N., 25° 45′ E., 78 m. N.E. of Hammerfest. Knivskjaerodden, an island a little to the west, actually reaches a point a little farther north than the North Cape, and Nordkyn, 45 m. E., is the northern extremity of the mainland (71° 7′ N.). The desolate cape, rising abruptly ​over 1000 ft. from the sea, is frequently visited during the summer period of the “midnight sun,” but travellers are often prevented from seeing this phenomenon by adverse atmospheric conditions.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/North Adams

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​NORTH ADAMS, a city of Berkshire county, Massachusetts, U.S.A., situated at the junction of the N. and S. branches of the Hoosac river, and the Boston & Maine (at the W. terminus of the Hoosac Tunnel) and the Boston & Albany railways, in the extreme N.W. part of the state. Pop. (1905) 22,150; (1910) 22,019. Area, 19.9 sq. m. In the city are the villages of North Adams, Greylock and Blackinton. Within the city limits are a natural bridge across Hudson Brook, 50-60 ft. high, and ruins of Fort Massachusetts, which was captured in 1746 by French and Indians under the command of Pierre François de Rigaud, Chevalier de Vaudreuil (1704–1772). North Adams is the seat of a state Normal School (1897). Among its manufactures are cotton (especially print) and woollen goods, and boots and shoes. In 1900 the factory products of the city were valued at $10,741,495, and in 1905 at $8,035,705. North Adams secured incorporation as an independent township in 1878. Township government was abandoned and city government was organized in 1895; in 1900 part of Williamstown was annexed.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/North Berwick

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​NORTH BERWICK, a royal and police burgh of Haddingtonshire, Scotland. Pop. (1901) 2614. It is situated on the south shore of the entrance to the Firth of Forth, 22 1/2 m. E.N.E. of Edinburgh by the North British railway, being the terminus of a branch line from Drem Junction. It was created a royal burgh by Robert III. (d. 1406), and though once a port of some importance it dwindled to a fishing hamlet. In the latter half of the 19th century, however, it gradually became a fashionable watering-place, much frequented for its firm sandy beach and bathing, and especially for its two golf-courses. Near the station are the ruins of the abbey of Cistercian nuns founded by David I. Immediately to the south rises the fine cone of North Berwick Law (612 ft.), which was utilized as a signal point at the period of the Napoleonic scare.
About 3 m. E. stand the strikingly picturesque ruins of Tantallon Castle, which probably dates from the end of the 14th century and was for many generations the stronghold of the Angus Douglases. Though the 6th earl successfully resisted the sieges of James V. in 1528 and 1530, the castle had at last to be surrendered by treaty. It was besieged and captured by General Monk in 1651, and some time after the restoration became the property of Sir Hew Dalrymple, lord president of session, whose family still own it. It was then dismantled and fell into decay.
About 2 m. S.W. of North Berwick is Dirleton, with a castle dating from the 12th century. Edward I. took it in 1298, and in the reign of Robert Bruce it was acquired by the Haliburtons, from whom it passed to the family of Ruthven. On the failure of the Gowrie conspiracy (1600) the castle was forfeited and given to Sir Thomas Erskine (1566–1639), who became Baron Dirleton in 1604, two years later Viscount Fenton, and in 1619 earl of Kellie. Monk laid siege to the castle in 1650, and in 1663 it was purchased by Sir John Nisbet (1609–1687), lord advocate, afterwards a lord of session and Lord Dirleton.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 2:1

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# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 2:10

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# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 2:12

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# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 29 INDEX

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Please add orphan pages here, pending proper listing
* Copyright notice (expired) p. ii
* Title Page p. iii
* Preface pp. v–viii
* Rules and Abbreviations pp. 1–2
* Index to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition pp. 3–878
* Classified Table of Contents — Introduction pp. 879–880
* Classified Table of Contents pp. 881–882
* Classified List of Articles pp. 883–947
* Contributors Not paginated in printed version
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 29 INDEX/Copyright notice

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COPYRIGHT in all countries subscribing to the Bern Convention by THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS of the UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
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# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 28:8

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| Weenix — Welding | Weldon — Welshpool | Wem — Wermelskirchen | Wermund — Westbury |
| Weenix, Jan Baptist Weever, John Weever Weevil Wegscheider, Julius August Ludwig Weighing Machines Weights and Measures Weight-throwing Wei-hai-wei Weilburg Weimar Weinheim Weinsberg Weir, Robert Walter Weir Weismann, August Weiss, Bernhard Weisse, Christian Hermann Weissenburg Weissenburg-am-Sand Weissenfels Weizsäcker, Karl Wekerle, Santor Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb Welding | Weldon, Walter Welf Welhaven, Johann ... Well Welles, Gideon Wellesley, Richard ..., Marquess Wellesley Wellhausen, Julius Wellingborough Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (N.S.W.) Wellington (Shropshire) Wellington (Somerset) Wellington (N.Z.) Wells, Charles Jeremiah Wells, David Ames Wells, Herbert George Wells, Sir Thomas Spencer Wells Wellston Wellsville Wels Welser Welsh Laws Welshpool | Wem Wembley Wemyss, Earls of Wemyss Wenceslaus Wên-chow-fu Wenden Wendover Wends Wendt, Hans Hinrich Wenlock Wenlock Group Wennerberg, Gunnar Wensleydale, James Parke, Baron Wensleydale Wentworth Wentworth, William Charles Wenzel, Karl Friedrich Wepener Werdau Werden Werder, Karl Wilhelm ..., Count von Wergeland, Henrik Arnold Wergild Wermelskirchen | Wermund Werner, Anton Alexander von Werner, Abraham Gottlob Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias Wernigerode Werth, Johann, Count von Werwolf Wesel, Johann Ruchrat von Wesel Weser Wesley Wesley, John Wesley, Samuel Wesley, Samuel Sebastian Wesleyan Methodist Church Wessel, Johan Wesselényi, Miklós, Baron Wessex West, Benjamin West, Nicholas Westall, Richard Westboro West Bromwich Westbrook Westbury, Richard Bethell, 1st Baron |
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 28 VETCH to ZYMOTIC DISEASES

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| Table of contributors Vetch — Villaret de Joyeuse Villari — Vitriol Vitruvius — Vouet Voussoir — Walker | Walker — Ward Ward — Waterloo Campaign Waterloo-with-Seaforth — Weeks Weenix — Westbury Westbury — White | White — Wilkinson Wilkinson — Wind Windau — Woking Wokingham — Wouwerman | Wraith — Yamagata Yamboli — Yucatan Yucca — Zieten Zimbabwe — Zymotic Diseases |
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 28:9

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| Westbury — West Orange | Westphal — Whale-oil | Whalley — Whig and Tory | Whig Party — White |
| Westbury West Chester Westcott, Brooke Foss Westerly Westermann, François Joseph Western Australia Westfield Westgate-on-Sea West Ham West Haven West Hoboken Westhoughton West Indies, The Westmacott, Sir Richard Westmeath, Earl of Westmeath Westminster, Marquesses and Dukes of Westminster Westminster, Statutes of Westminster, Synods of Westmorland, Earls of Westmorland Weston, Thomas Weston-super-Mare West Orange | Westphal, Rudolf Westphalia Westphalia, Treaty of West Point Westport West Prussia West Springfield West Virginia Westward Ho Wethersfield Wetstein, Johann Jakob Wettin Wetzlar Wexford (county) Wexford (town) Weybridge Weyden, Rogier van der Weyler y Nicolau, Valeriano Weyman, Stanley John Weymouth (Massachusetts) Weymouth and Melcombe Regis Whale Whalebone Whale-fishery Whale-oil | Whalley, Edward Wharf Wharncliffe, James ... Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Wharton Wharton, Francis Wharton, Henry Whately, Richard What-Not Wheat Wheatear Wheatley, Francis Wheaton, Henry Wheatstone, Sir Charles Wheatstone's Bridge Wheel Wheel, Breaking on the Wheeler, Joseph Wheeler, William Almon Wheeling Whethamstede, John Whetstone, George Whewell, William Whichcote, Benjamin Whickham Whig and Tory | Whig Party Whip Whipping Whisker Whisky Whisky Insurrection, The Whist Whistle Whistler, James Abbott McNeill Whiston, William Whitaker, Joseph Whitbread, Samuel Whitby Whitchurch White, Andrew Dickson White, Sir George Stuart White, Gilbert White, Henry Kirke White, Hugh Lawson White, Joseph Blanco White, Richard Grant White, Robert White, Sir Thomas White, Thomas (canon) White, Thomas (bishop) |
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vol 2:11

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# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Jessopp, Augustus

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​JESSOPP, AUGUSTUS (1823–1914), British archaeologist and author, was born Dec. 20 1823 at Cheshunt. He was educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge, of which he was afterwards elected fellow. He was also hon. fellow of Worcester College, Oxford, and a select preacher of that university in 1896. His first curacy was at Papworth St. Agnes, Cambs., but the greater part of his life was given up to teaching, as headmaster of Helston grammar school from 1855 to 1859 and of King Edward VI. school, Norwich, 1859–79. He was rector of Seaming, Norf., from 1879 to 1911 and during most of that time he acted as chaplain in ordinary to King Edward VII. Besides some archaeological articles in the Nineteenth Century and contributions to the Dictionary of National Biography, he published a History of the Diocese of Norwich (1879); The Coming of the Friars (1885); The Autobiography of Roger North (1887) and Trials of a Country Parson (1890). He died at Scarning Feb. 12 1914.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Jireček, Hermenegild, Ritter von Samakow

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​JIREČEK, HERMENEGILD, Ritter von Samakow (1827–1909), Bohemian jurisconsult (see 15.417), died in 1909; and Konstantin Josef Jireček (1854–1918), archaeologist and historian, died in 1918.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Johns Hopkins University

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JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY (see 15.460) moved in 1916 to its new site at Homewood in the northern suburbs of Baltimore,
and all departments were established there except those of graduate chemistry, medicine and hygiene. On the resignation in Jan. 1913 of Dr. Remsen, Dr. Frank J. Goodnow, who had been associated with the faculty of Columbia since 1883, took his place as president in Oct. 1914.
The faculty in 1920 numbered 380, the students 3,300, as against 175 faculty members and 683 students in 1907. In 1920 the library contained 226,000 bound volumes. In 1909 college courses were established for teachers and others (both men and women), given at afternoon and evening hours and on Saturday mornings, and leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts. Summer courses, graduate and collegiate, work in which is credited towards various degrees, were inaugurated in 1911, and in 1916 evening classes were added under the title “courses in busines economics” and “courses for technical workers,” the latter conducted by the engineering department. These are open to men and women. By Act of the Maryland Legislature the department of engineering was established in 1912. This provided four-year courses in civil, electrical and mechanical engineering and in chemistry, as well as advanced graduate courses.
In June 1916, the Rockefeller Foundation of New York notified the university that the Foundation was prepared “to cooperate with the University in the establishment of a School of Hygiene and Public Health for the advancement of knowledge and the training of investigators, teachers, officials and other workers in these fields.” The offer was accepted. Dr. William H. Welch was appointed director and Dr. William H. Howell was named to assist in the work of organization and administration. The main objects of the school were to establish courses for the training of qualified persons for public health work, to promote investigative work in hygiene and preventive medicine and to provide opportunities for the training of investigators in these subjects. Men and women are admitted on the same terms.
# 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Jex-Blake, Sophia

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​JEX-BLAKE, SOPHIA (1840–1912), English medical practitioner, was born in 1840. In 1858–61 she was mathematical tutor at Queen’s College, London. She subsequently set out on a tour of inspection of girls' education institutions, and in America became a pupil of Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell. In 1866 Miss Jex-Blake began a course of study in Boston under Dr. Lucy Sewall. In 1868 she returned to England and applied to the university of London for admission to their medical examinations. Being refused, she returned to the university of Edinburgh and was told that they could not admit one lady only. She got others to join her, and finally in 1869 they were admitted to classes, and in 1870 to the hospitals, though here they encountered much riotous hostility from a section of the male students. The university, however, still refused to allow graduation, and after some legal proceedings and much expense Miss Jex-Blake in 1874 went to London, where she took a leading part in establishing the London School of Medicine for Women. In 1877 this was associated with the Royal Free Hospital, and in the same year Miss Jex-Blake obtained the M.D. degree of Bern. She was also admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians, Dublin, and member in 1880. She began practice in Edinburgh in 1878 and opened a dispensary there for women and children. In 1886 she founded the Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women. She retired in 1899. Besides various medical works she published Medical Women (1872) and American Schools and Colleges (1886). She died at Mark Cross, Sussex, Jan. 7 1912. Her niece Katherine (b. 1860) became mistress of Girton College, Cambridge, in 1916, and another niece, Henrietta (b. 1862), became principal of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, in 1909. Both retired in 1921.