OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Guyot, Arnold

Edition of 1920. See also Arnold Henry Guyot on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GUYOT, gē'ō, Arnold, American geographer: b. Boudevilliers, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, 28 Sept. 1807; d. Princeton, N. J., 8 Feb. 1884. He was educated at Chaux-de-Fonds, and then at the College de Neuchâtel. In 1825 he went to Germany, and resided in Karlsruhe where he met Louis Agassiz. Thence he moved to Stuttgart, where he studied at the
gymnasium, returning to Neuchâtel in 1827. He determined to enter the ministry and started for Berlin to attend lectures at the university. While pursuing his studies he also attended lectures on philosophy and natural science. His leisure was spent in collecting shells and plants and from Humbolt he received an entrée to the Berlin botanical garden. In 1835 he received the degree of Ph.D. from Berlin, and spent the ensuing four years as a tutor in Paris. In 1838 he visited the Swiss glaciers and communicated the results of his six weeks' investigation to the Geological Society of France. He was the first to point out the laminated structure of ice in the glaciers. In 1839 he became the colleague of Agassiz as professor of history and physical geography at the College of Neuchâtel. The suspension of the institution in 1848 caused Guyot to emigrate to America, where he settled in Cambridge. He delivered a course of lectures at the Lowell Institute which were afterward published as ‘Earth and Man’ (Boston 1853). The Massachusetts board of education retained his services as lecturer on geography and methods of instruction to the normal schools and teachers' institutes. He was occupied with this work until his appointment, in 1854, to the chair of physical geography and geology at Princeton, which he retained until his death. He was also for several years lecturer on physical geography in the State Normal School in Trenton, N. J., and from 1861 to 1866 lecturer in the Princeton Theological Seminary. He also gave courses in the Union Theological Seminary New York, and at Columbia College. He founded the museum at Princeton, many of the specimens of which are from his own collections. His scientific work in the United States included the perfection of plans for a national system of meteorological observations. Most of these were conducted under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution. The selection and establishment of numerous meteorological stations in New York and Massachusetts were confided to him. He was a member of many American and foreign scientific societies. He prepared a series of geographies and wall maps in 1866-75, for which he was awarded a medal at Vienna in 1873. He was one of the editors of ‘Johnson's New Universal Cyclopædia’; wrote memoirs of Carl Ritter (1860); James H. Coffin (1875) and Louis Agassiz (1883); also ‘Treatise on Physical Geography’ (1873), Consult memoir by J. A. Dana in ‘Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences’ (Washington 1886).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Gröber, Gustav

Edition of 1920. See also Gustav Gröber on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GRÖBER, grė'ber, Gustav, German scholar and author: b. Leipzig, 1844; d. 1911. He received his education at Leipzig, taught at Zurich (1871-74), and later became professor at Breslau and the University of Strassburg. His principal work has been in romance literature and linguistics. In the interests of this study he edited ‘Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie’ (1877) and ‘Grundniss der romanischen Philologie’ (2d ed., Vol. I, Strassburg 1904-06). Among his other works are ‘Die handschriftlichen Gestaltungen der Chanson de Geste von Fierabras’ (1869); ‘Die altfranzösichen Romanzen und Pastourellen’ (Zurich 1872); ‘Carmina Clericorum’ (7th ed., 1890); ‘Abriss der französischen Litteratur des Mittelalters’ (1897).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garfield, James Rudolph

Edition of 1920. See also James Rudolph Garfield on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARFIELD, James Rudolph, American government official, son of President James A. Garfield: b. Hiram, Ohio, 17 Oct. 1865. He was graduated at Williams College in 1885; studied at the Columbia Law School and in 1888 was admitted to the bar. In 1896-99 he was a member of the Ohio senate and in 1902-03 was a member of the United States Civil Service Commission. From 1903 to 1907 he was commissioner of corporations of the United States Department of Commerce and Labor and in 1907 became Secretary of the Interior in President Roosevelt's Cabinet. He retired from this post on 4 March 1909; during his term of office, he effected a complete reorganization of the department and instituted many land-office reforms. Since 1909 he has been engaged in law practice at Cleveland; in 1912 he was prominent in the councils of the new Progressive party.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garrett Biblical Institute

Edition of 1920. See also Garrett–Evangelical Theological Seminary on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, the second oldest theological seminary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, located at Evanston, Ill. Although its plant is located on the campus of the Northwestern University it is not a department of the university. It has its own board of trustees, funds, property and library. It is, however, closely affiliated with the university. It was founded in 1855, through the liberality of Mrs. Eliza Garrett. Its first class graduated in 1858. It has had only six presidents in its long career: Dr. John Dempster, Bishop Matthew Simpson, Bishop W. Ninde, Dr. H. B. Ridgaway, Dr. Charles J. Little and Dr. Charles M. Stuart, the present incumbent. It has a faculty of 18 members, a student body in 1917-18 of 245. It has graduated 1,455 students and has had a total of over 3,700 students. Among its graduates and students are included nine bishops, 76 educators, 18 editors and 120 missionaries. It has not only prepared men for the Methodist ministry, but its men are serving in the Congregational, Presbyterian, Protestant Episcopal, Lutheran, Mcnnonite and other churches. In 1912 the school was divided into a Graduate School primarily for college men; and the Diploma School for men with less than collegiate training. In 1915 the quarter system was adopted, September
being the only month when the seminary is not in session. In 1917 the first units of a new plant were erected which will ultimately cost a million dollars. The seminary owns considerable property in the city of Chicago. It has an endowment of over $948,000 and a library of 51,612 volumes.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garner Case

Edition of 1920. See also Margaret Garner on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARNER CASE, 1856, the most tragic of the fugitive-slave cases. Simon Garner, his wife, and his son Robert, slaves of John Marshall of Kentucky, and Robert's wife Margaret and their four children, slaves of A. R. Gaines, ran away, crossed the Ohio on the ice, and took refuge with a Cincinnati colored man. Gaines tracked them, secured a warrant, and with a deputy marshal and a band of assistants attacked the house. After a desperate fight the fugitives were overpowered, one of the posse being badly wounded; but Margaret, who had shared in the conflict, found time before her capture to murder one of the children, severely cut the throats of two others, and considerably bruised the baby, to keep them from returning to slavery. In sympathy with them, and to establish their freedom as denizens of Ohio, a Cincinnati judge issued a writ of habeas corpus, and the grand jury indicted Margaret for the murder of her child, and her husband and his father as accessories. The United States Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 prevailed, however; the slaves were given back to their owners and sent down the river. On the voyage Margaret
jumped overboard with the baby; she was rescued, but the child was lost, at which she expressed satisfaction.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garrett-Anderson, Elizabeth

Edition of 1920. See also Elizabeth Garrett Anderson on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARRETT-ANDERSON, Mrs. Elizabeth, first English woman doctor: b. London, 1836; d. Aldeburgh, Suffolk, 17 Dec. 1917. She was one of the pioneers of that phase of the movement for the “emancipation” of women which aimed at throwing open to them the doors of the medical profession. Her attention was attracted to medicine by Miss Elizabeth Blackwell (q.v.), an Englishwoman who after many fruitless attempts was permitted to graduate M.D. of the University of Geneva, Beaver Falls, Pa. Miss Garrett, however, was the first woman to secure an English diploma. She began her medical studies in 1860, despite the fact that there was no school (in England) where she could be received, and no examining body willing to admit her to its examinations. The male students of Middlesex Hospital in London presented a memorial against the admission of women, and Miss Garrett was barred from that and other hospitals. Eventually the Society of Apothecaries authorized her to get her education
privately from teachers of recognized medical schools, and finally gave her the desired qualification of L.S.A. in 1865, this being a genuine doctor's degree. She opened a dispensary for poor women and children in Marylebone, London, in 1866. Suddenly the Society of Apothecaries adopted a new rule which refused recognition of certificates granted for private studies, which made Miss Garrett's diploma void. She went to Paris, passed the examinations and returned to England with an M.D. degree in 1870. In 1870 she became a candidate at the London school board election, and was returned at the head of the poll for Marylebone, where her dispensary developed into the "New Hospital for Women and Children" in Euston road. She married in 1871. In 1874 she assisted in the establishment of the London School of Medicine for Women, in conjunction with her hospital of 26 beds. But the General Medical Council of England stipulated that only a general hospital of 150 beds could be recognized as adequate for teaching purposes. After three years of struggle and appeal, an alliance was formed between the Women's School of Medicine and the Royal Free Hospital in Gray's-in-road, which met the official requirements. The strenuous efforts of the devoted little band of women “would-be doctors” were rewarded in 1876 by an act of Parliament enabling British examining bodies to include women. Until 1892 Mrs. Garrett-Anderson was the only female member of the British Medical Association; in that year all restrictions were removed. Mrs. Garrett-Anderson was lecturer on medicine at the London School for Women for 23 years, and for over 24 years she was senior physician of the New Hospital for Women. In 1908 she was elected mayor of Aldeburgh, the first woman in England to receive that civic honor. Her son, Sir Alan Garrett-Anderson, succeeded Sir Eric Geddes as Controller of the Navy in August 1917; her daughter, also a doctor, was head of a military hospital in the European War.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garfield, Harry Augustus

Edition of 1920. See also Harry Augustus Garfield on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARFIELD, Harry Augustus, American educator and public official: b. Hiram, Portage County, Ohio, 11 Oct. 1863. He is a son of James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States; was educated at Williams College, where he was graduated in 1885. In 1885-86 he taught Latin and Roman history at Saint
Paul's School, Concord, N. H., and practised law in Cleveland from 1888 to 1903. From 1891 to 1897 he was professor of contracts at the Law School of Western Reserve University; in 1903-08 was professor of politics at Princeton, and in the latter year was appointed president of Williams College. In 1908-09 he was president of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and in 1896 helped to organize the Cleveland Municipal Association, of which he was afterward president. In 1917, soon after the entrance of the United States into the World War, President Wilson appointed Mr. Garfield fuel controller. Because of the shortage of coal in the Northeastern States, especially New York City, and in Ohio, his administration of the office was severely criticized in the press, but Congressional investigation showed that the shortage was due to failure of the railroads to meet the extra demands upon them, and the situation cleared soon after Federal control of the roads was instituted, 28 Dec. 1917.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Garnet, Henry Highland

Edition of 1920. See also Henry Highland Garnet on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
GARNET, Henry Highland, Afro-American clergyman: b. New Market, Md., 1815; d. 1882. He was born in slavery and at the age of 10 was brought to New York by his parents, who effected their escape from slavery. He received his education at Canaan Academy and at Oneida Institute. He was made pastor of a Presbyterian Church in Troy, N. Y. in 1842. He became prominent among the Abolitionists and for many years edited the Clarion, a weekly periodical advocating the abolition of slavery. He lectured on slavery in Great Britain in 1850-53 and for the next two years was missionary in Jamaica under the protection of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland. From 1855 to 1865 and again from 1869 to 1881 he was pastor of Shiloh Presbyterian Church in New York. In 1865-69 he held a pastorate in Washington, D. C. In 1881 he was made Minister and Counsel-General to Liberia, and died within a few months after his arrival in that republic.
# The Deerslayer

First published in 1841, The Deerslayer was the last of the Leatherstocking tales to be written. However, since the story took place between 1740 and 1745, it is the first of the series as determined by story line. It takes place on Otsego Lake in central New York State, the same location as The Pioneers, which took place in 1793, about 50 years later, but was the first of the Leatherstocking tales to be published (1823). Although this is the start of the Leatherstocking saga, many readers agree that it is better to read the series in the order in which it was written, starting with The Pioneers. The Deerslayer might be considered as a prequel to the rest of the Leatherstocking tales. — (Transcriber's note)

## Table of Contents

* Preface
* Chapter 1
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
* Chapter 11
* Chapter 12
* Chapter 13
* Chapter 14
* Chapter 15
* Chapter 16
* Chapter 17
* Chapter 18
* Chapter 19
* Chapter 20
* Chapter 21
* Chapter 22
* Chapter 23
* Chapter 24
* Chapter 25
* Chapter 26
* Chapter 27
* Chapter 28
* Chapter 29
* Chapter 30
* Chapter 31
* Chapter 32
* Characters
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Family Album/They Made Me Laugh

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THEY MADE ME LAUGH
I have been reading jokes and humorous writings and books for thirty years. I stopped laughing ten years ago, when the thirteen hundredth blonde came in with her pink ribboned envelope and told me that her family and friends went into gales of laughter over the funny things she got off, and this without giving them a thought.
Now “Bugs” Baer has stirred me from the purple melancholy of a decade.
My share in this book consists solely in reading it and making the chapter headings. The publishers told me Gilbert Seldes was to write about the author, so there is really nothing for me to say. That is why I am saying it.
I state unreservedly that “Bugs” Baer is a great humorist. I don’t think that anybody has ever properly defined a great humorist, but whatever he is, “Bugs” Baer is it. This stuff is racial, penetrative, stereopticon in its vivid characterization and true in its exaggerative qualities. Its simplicity may deceive you. Be not fooled. Human nature is here on exhibit, unadorned, as it should be.
My, what folks they are!
Thomas L. Masson.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Family Doctor

Magazine published in London from 1885, known for the readers' letters about sexual fetishism.
# The Economic Outlook: Present and Prospective

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "The Economic Outlook: Present and Prospective."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* "The Economic Outlook: Present and Prospective I" in Popular Science Monthly, 32 (February 1888)
* "The Economic Outlook: Present and Prospective II" in Popular Science Monthly, 32 (March 1888)
* "The Economic Outlook: Present and Prospective III" in Popular Science Monthly, 33 (May 1888)
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Todd, Charles

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​Todd, Charles, C.M.G., M.A., F.R.S., F.R.A.S., Postmaster-General and Superintendent of Telegraphs, South Australia, was born in London in 1826, and was for some time assistant and calculator at Greenwich Observatory. In 1848 he was appointed assistant astronomer at Cambridge Observatory, and in 1854 he took ​charge of the Galvanic Department of the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, where he was also appointed one of the astronomers by the Lords of the Admiralty. In 1855 the Colonial Office nominated him for the position of Astronomer and Superintendent of Telegraphs, for South Australia. In 1870, on the amalgamation of the Postal and Telegraph Department, Mr. Todd was appointed Postmaster-General. Although when the project was first mooted Mr. Todd was somewhat dubious as to the desirability of constructing the overland telegraph line, his energy and resource in the superintendence of the undertaking contributed much to its success and to the despatch with which it was achieved. He therefore well deserved the honour of C.M.G., which was conferred upon him when the cable connection between the Australian colonies and the rest of the world was completed, on August 22nd, 1872. He afterwards laid out the overland line to Eucla, a thousand miles in length, connecting South and Western Australia. Mr. Todd, who is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and also of the Royal Astronomical Society and the British Meteorological Society, married, in 1855, Alice Gillam, daughter of E. Bell, of Cambridge. In 1886 the Universities of Cambridge and Adelaide conferred on him the degree of M. A., and he is a member of the Council of the latter university.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Torreggiani, Right Rev. Elzear

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​Torreggiani, Right Rev. Elzear, D.D., O.S.F.C, Bishop of Armidale, N.S.W., in the province of Sydney, was consecrated on March 25th, 1879. Prior to coming to Australia the bishop had had large experience of pastoral work in England and the south of Wales. He was Superior of the Capuchin Monastery in Lower Park ​Road, Peckham, at the date of his appointment.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Tolmer, Alexander

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​Tolmer, Alexander, son of a French Abbé who left the Church and entered the army and on the return of Napoleon from Elba emigrated to England, where he was a music teacher at Plymouth, went out to South Australia, and was appointed captain and adjutant of cavalry by Governor Gawler in Oct. 1888. He was also inspector of police, and did good service in capturing bushrangers and in punishing the natives for the murder of the crew and passengers of the brig Maria, wrecked in Encounter Bay. After retiring from the police force, Mr. Tolmer became Inspector of Credit Selections. He published two interesting volumes of reminiscences, and died on March 7th, 1890.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Topp, Arthur Manning

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​Topp, Arthur Manning, was born in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, on Oct. 7th, 1844, being the eldest son of the late Samuel Topp, who emigrated to Australia in 1853. His maternal great-grandfather was William Blanchard (1749-1836), for 60 years editor and proprietor of the York Chronicle, and uncle of William Blanchard (1769-1835), the well-known comedian of the Covent Garden Theatre. In 1858 the family left England for Melbourne, and the subject of this notice completed his education at the Church of England Grammar School, which was just then opened with the late Dr. Bromby as Headmaster. Afterwards going into business, he took an active part in establishing the Melbourne Review, of which the first number appeared in January 1876, and for six years was one of the editorial committee. He contributed to this periodical a number of articles, chiefly on political and historical questions. Two of them, "English Institutions and the Irish Race," and "A few more words on the Irish Question," appeared separately in pamphlet form and attracted a good deal of attention. In 1878, in conjunction with Mr. A. P. Martin (q.v.), he initiated a movement "for the purpose of expressing public appreciation of the services of the Bar of Beaconsfield in the settlement of the Eastern Question." A public meeting was held in the Melbourne Town Hall on July 29th, 1878, at which a resolution to the above effect was carried with enthusiasm, and speeches were delivered by several prominent public men, including the late Mr. J. G. Francis and Mr. James Service. An illuminated address also was sent to Lord Beaconsfield. In 1880 Mr. Topp joined the literary staff of the Age newspaper, and in 1882 that of the Argus, with which journal he has ever since been connected. He has contributed extensively to the columns of this paper and to the Australasian.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Topp, Samuel St. John

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​Topp, Samuel St. John, B.A., LL.M., is the youngest son of Samuel Topp, late of Melbourne, and was born at Huddersfield, in Yorkshire, on June 13th, 1850. He received his education at King Edward VI.'s Grammar School, Birmingham, and at the Church of England Grammar School, Melbourne (where he arrived in 1861). He subsequently matriculated at the Melbourne University, where he proceeded to the degrees of LL.M. and B.A. In the Law Course he carried off the third year Law Exhibition and the Law Scholarship in his fourth year, taking first-class honours on each occasion. He wound up his university career by carrying off the Shakespeare Scholarship, the great literary prize of the university. He was admitted to the Victorian Bar on Sept. 13th, 1877, and acted as law reporter on the Victorian Law Reports for several years. He also contributed some articles on literary subjects to the Melbourne Review in the earlier years of its existence. He has practised his profession ever since his admission to the Bar, and has occupied for some years past a leading position as an advocate in the Equity, Insolvency, and Mining Courts of Victoria. Mr. Topp is a member of the Bar Committee of Victoria and also a member of the Board of Examiners for Barristers of the Supreme Court.