# Place-Names of the Province of Nova Scotia/C

C
CABBAGE CREEK (R.)—See Anse de la Choux.
CALDWELL COVE (D.)—So named after a first settler Mr. John Caldwell, a Scottish crofter who settled here about the year 1789.
CALEDONIA (Q.)—Settled and named by six Scotch families in the year 1820. There are many places in the Province with this name or variations of it, all named by settlers in honor of their Scottish home.
CALUM-RUADH BROOK (I.)—This place is named after a nearby resident. It is a Gaelic word meaning "Red Malcolm's Brook."
CAMPBELL HILL (Col.)—So named after one of Tatamagouche's early and progressive settlers Alexander Campbell, the founder of shipbuilding in that place.
CAMPBELLTON (I.)—This place received its name after a family of residents by Act of Parliament in the year 1885. It was hitherto known as Rear Loch Ban.
CANADA CREEK (K.)—This place is named after an early settler named Kennedy, sometimes pronounced Kanidy. This is a case where a change of form has given the place its name. There are some, however, who claim it was named after an original grantee of Cornwallis township a Major William Canada.
CANARD RIVER (K.)—The old Indian name for this River was "Apcheechkumoochwa-akade," meaning "abounding in little ducks." Hence the French name "Canard" which means "duck."
CANNES (R.)—Named after the watering-place "Cannes" in France, is a French settlement. The post office was opened in 1884. It was first settled by Louis McPhee, Marshall and Andrew Dugast and others about 1795.
CANNING (K.)—Was first named "Apple Tree Landing," later was called "Habitant Corner." About the year 1830 at a citizens' meeting called for the purpose, it was named in honor of ​George Canning, Prime Minister of England, 1827 (Born 1770; died 1827). He was a great Constitutionalist.
CANN HILL (Y.)—Named after Hugh Cann, who settled in the vicinity in the year 1784.
CANSO (G.)—Some authorities say this word was derived from the name of a French navigator, Canse, and "eau" (water). Others say that the French spelling "Campseau" suggests that the Harbour was so called because it was a common rendezvous for vessels. Haliburton says: "It is said that the derivation of the word "Canso" is from the Spanish "Ganso" a goose, a name given to it on account of the immense flocks of geese then seen there." Dr Rand states it is from the Indian word "Kamsok," meaning "opposite the lofty cliffs." This would appear to be the proper derivation of the name as the Indians called White Head near by "Kamsokootc" meaning "the little place opposite the lofty cliffs."
In 1765 the town was known as Wilmot Town, so named in honor of Montague Wilmot, Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia at that time.
The strait was at one time called "Straits of Fronsac" also at one time called by the French "Passage du Glas."
Canso Township was one of the four sub-divisions of the northwestern part of Cape Breton Island, formed in 1828.
The Micmac Indians sometimes applied the name "Taooogunak" to the Gut of Canso. This name appears to particularly apply to the passage, and it is the general Micmac word for any passage.
CANTICOOK (Hts.)—This place in Newport Township was called by the Micmac Indians "Kunetkook" meaning "place near or close at hand." This Indian word was eventually brought to the present form.
CAPE A GROS NEZ (R.)—Named so by the early French meaning Cape of the Great Nose. It is near Petit de Grat on Isle Madame.
CAPE BLOMIDON (K.)—(see Blomidon).
CAPE BRETON (C. B.)—The Cape from which the whole Island received its name was so named by Basque or Breton fishermen after a cape of the same name in their own country.
The mariners know this place better by the name "Port Novy Land," called so from the small adjacent islands of "Puerto Neuvo." We find this Cape called "Flourillon." "Forillon" is a word applied by the French to a large rock split off the coast.
​CAPE BRETON—Discovered by John Cabot in 1497. The old Indian name of Cape Breton was "Oonamaagik" sometimes appearing as "Oonamggee." This spelling "Onumage" or "Wumage" traces the meaning back to a variation of the name "Megamage," the name the Indians applied to the whole of the Maritime Provinces, which means "home of the Micmacs or the true men.' It was also called "Baccalaos," the Basque word for codfish. It was named St. Laurent or St. Lawrence Island by Champlain in 1603. Vevazzano named Cape Breton "Isle Du Cap." Later it was known as "Isle Royale" (1714).
The Cape was probably given its name by Basque or Breton fishermen in remembrance of the land of their origin, Cape Breton in the Basque country, and this name was later applied to the whole island.
Cape Breton is the oldest French name in American geography. In the year 1621 Sir William Alexander transferred the Island of Cape Breton to his friend Sir Robert Gordon of Lochenvar. Sir Robert and his son obtained a royal charter and named the island the Barony of New Galloway. The present county of Cape Breton contains 1169 square miles. (See Sydney, Louisburg and Cape Breton.)
The Island was ceded to England in 1763, was a separate colony from 1784 to 1820, and was annexed to and incorporated with Nova Scotia in 1820.
A "County of Cape Breton" was formed in the year 1765, on December 10th. It included all of the Island of Cape Breton and all islands within three leagues of it.
In 1821, Cape Breton had three Townships formed, named St. Andrew's, St. Patrick and Sydney.
In 1828, the north-western part of Cape Breton Island was divided into four townships, and they were named Canso, Port Hood, Ainslie and Margaree.
The following list of ancient spelling appearing on old maps for the name "Cape Breton" may be of interest:
| 1527 | "C. de berton." |
| 1529 | "Terra de bretto." |
| 1542 | "Cabo Bretos." |
| | "Cavo de bretoni." |
| 1544 | "Del berto." |
| 1546 | "Terre des Britons." |
| | "Cap aux Bretons." |
| | "C. Bretain." |
| 1550 | "Tierra de los broton." |
| 1554 | "Terra de los bertoms." |
| 1540 | "C. Britonum." |
| 1558 | "C. dos bertoens." |
| 1558 | "Tierra de los Briton." |
| 1569 | "Cap de Breton." |
| 1593 | "C. de brits." |
| 1596 | "C. de Bertram." |
| 1715 | "Gaspey Island." |
CAPE BRULE (C.B.)—So named from the French word "Brûlé" meaning burnt, owing to a coalpit being fired there in 1752.
CAPE CHIGNECTO (C.)—At one time called "Cape of Two Bays" because it separated Chignecto Bay (see) from the Basin of Minas.
CAPE DAUPHIN (V.)—Indian name for Cape Dauphin was "Kookumijenagwanak" meaning "our grandmother" named from a certain rock.
St. Ann's Bay was called Port Dauphin by the French in 1711, when they believed it was a better place than Louisburg, and were advocating its being fortified. It is now applied to the Cape only. Dauphin, from the French "Dauphin," the eldest son of Royalty—"Prince" is the English equivalent. Sometimes erroneously spelled "Dolphin."
CAPE D'OR (C.)—Was at one time called "Cap des Mines," owing to the attempts made here to mine copper. The French named it "Cap d'Or," i. e. "Golden Cape," they having mistaken its native copper for gold.
CAPE EGMONT (V.)—See Egmont Lake.
CAPE GEORGE (Ant.)—Formerly known as Cape St. George, undoubtedly so named by the English after one of the English kings of that name. Earlier than this it was known as Cape St. Louis, named by the French after their royalty. The Micmac Indians named it "Memkate," meaning "the small field."
CAPE JOHN (P.)—The Indian name for this cape was "Wenjooteamwakade" meaning "the cow pasture, or cattle land."
CAPE LA HAVE (L.)—Named "Cape de la Have" in 1604 by Champlain. He evidently saw some resemblance to Cap de la Have in France and gave the name to the Cape. This was three years in advance of the first English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia.
CAPE LA RONDE (R.)—This place was named by the earl ​French "La Cap á la Ronde" after a man named "La Ronde" who settled on the extreme cape. Marquis De La Ronde was Sir Nicholas Denys' grandson, and some believe the Cape may have been named after him.
CAPELIN COVE (R.)—Or sometimes "Caplin," so named owing to the large number of these small fish of the smelt family that sometimes appear in this cove.
CAPE NEGRO (S.)—Called by the Micmac Indians "Kespooguit." (See N.)
CAPE NORTH (V.)—By some historical students Cape North is believed to be the "prima tiera vista" or the actual landfall first seen by John Cabot. On some old maps it is shown as "prima vista." The Indians called Cape North "Uktutunook" meaning "the land's end." It is probable that this Cape was named "Cape Lorraine" or "Laurent" by Jacques Cartier in 1535, when he named the St. Lawrence, and the name was afterwards wrongfully applied to Lorraine, near Louisburg.
It is said that the first settlers at Cape North were named Stanley and Matatal and John Gwynn, an American refugee, in 1812. Gwynn was the first preacher in the northern wilds of Cape Breton. His name appears on some records as John Gunn; he was a Methodist.
Cape North has been aptly called the "Watch Tower of the Gulf."
CAPE SABLE (S.)—Named from the French word "sablon" meaning Sand Island. (See.) The Micmac Indian name for the Cape was "Kespoogwitk" meaning "the last place" or the "end of land." It is interesting to note that Charles de la Tour was known as "Lord of Cape Sable," and Lieut. of the King in Acadia." The name of the Cape appears on old plans as "Cape Sandy."
CAPE SABLE ISLAND (S.)—The name "Sable" is said to have come from the French word "Sablon" meaning "sand."
CAPE SMOKY (V.)—The old French name of this place was "Cape Enfume," and it was so named on account of the cloud of mist which so often envelops this storm-swept landmark of the Gulf. The Indian name for this cape was "Sakpeedich," meaning "a smooth bathing place." There are two white hills or cliffs to the south-west of the cape. Pichon says these two hills were known (1760) as the "Veils of Cape Enfume."
CAPE SPLIT (Y.)—Called by Champlain "Cap Fendu" later called "Cloven Cape," was called "Cap de Poutrincourt," ​owing to it being stated that Poutrincourt in his voyage (1604-1607) fell from this cape and nearly lost his life. (See Champlain's Journal.) The present name is of course the English name suggested by the early French name "Cloven Cape." The Indians called this place "Plekteok," meaning "huge handspikes for breaking open a beaver dam." They also called it "Plegum," which means "an opening in a beaver dam"; and the high rocks were known as "Plekteok."
CARIBOU HARBOR (P.)—This name is said to have arisen from some of the first explorers having seen a herd of caribou on, the east point of what is now known as the Big Island, but which was then a headland connected with the shore, and which was called "Caribou Point." The old Indian name was "Komagunuk,'s meaning "a decoy place where they set duck decoys". Dr. Rand" Dictionary gives the spelling of the Indian name as "Komagunuk.'
CARIBOU MARSH (P.)—The Indian name of this place was "Kalebooakade," meaning Caribou Place.
CARIBOU MINES (H.)—Named Caribou because deer were common and Mines because of its being a gold mining district.
CARLETON (Y.)—The first settler was Daniel Raymond. At one time it was known as "Nine Partners' Falls" owing to nine settlers having formed a partnership to run a mill there. It was also formerly known as "Temperance," owing to the settlers having formed a Temperance compact to eschew all intoxicating liquors. Its present name is in honor of the first Baron of Dorchester, Sir Guy Carleton, who was Commander-in-Chief in America in 1782, afterwards Governor of Quebec, up to 1796.
CARRINGTON (C.)—Named so by a meeting of its residents called for that purpose in the year 1910. It was formerly known as Eel Creek. The first settlers were families named Bigney and Angus.
CARROLL'S CORNERS (H.)—Named in 1843 after a man named John Carroll, who owned a house and small store at this place.
CARRYING PLACE (H.)—This is the name given to the land between the Ponhook Lake in Halifax County and the Daupheneys Lake in Lunenburg County, meaning the portage or place where canoes can be carried from lake to lake.
CASTLE BAY (C. B.)—Was given this name in the year 1896. ​It was formerly called Amaguadus Pond, a Micmac Indian word meaning "plenty." Settled in the year 1805. An Act confirming the present name was passed by Parliament in 1906.
CASTLEREAGH (Col.)—Named in honor of the Marquis of Londonderry (Robert Stewart), who was also Viscount Castlereagh.
CATALONE (C. B.)—"Catalogne" said to have been named after a French version of the Spanish "Catalona," the ancient Province of Catalonia in Spain. There was a French Engineer in Louisburg in 1728-1735 named M. de Catalogne, and in all probability his name was given to Catalone. There is evience that he owned an extensive tract of land in the vicinity of thi place, which was then known as the "Barachois de Mire."
CAVEAU POINT (I.)—This is a French word meaning "a small hole, opening or cave," likely so named becasre of a small opening in the nearby rocks.
CENTREVILLE (D.)—Formerly known as Tro Cove.
CHAMBERS POINT (Col. So named after an early settler Robert Chambers, who in 1806 received a grant of the Point from Col. Des Barres.
CHARLO (G.)—Was settled about the year 1760 and named after its first settler Charles Richard; sometimes called Charlos Cove.
CHAPEL ISLAND (R.)—See "Indian Island."
CHASWOOD (H.)—The places formerly known as Gay's River Road and Taylorville were changed to Chaswood by an Act of Parliament passed in the year 1901. The name is in honor of a Mr. Charles Wood of Halifax, who fell in the South African war in the year 1897.
CHEBEC (Y.)—An Indian word, meaning "The Narrows" which was the Indian name for Tusket Wedge. No doubt originally "Kebec" (Quebec) or "Narrows."
CHEBOGUE (Y.)—Sometimes found as "Jeboque." Indian words "che" (great) and "paug" (still water). Another authority says the name is from the Indian word "Utkubok" or spring water, or "Teceboque" meaning cold water. It was permanently settled in 1761, but an unsuccessful attempt at settlement was made by some French in the year 1739.
​CHEBOGUE POINT (Y.)—See Chebogue. This place was first settled by and granted to John McKinnon. He was a brother of Captain Ronald McKinnon, the first settler, and it was he who gave Argyle its name. (See Argyle.)
CHEBUCTO HEAD (H.)—This was the old Indian name for Halifax, now only applied to this head. It is from the Micmac Indian word "Chebookt," meaning "chief harbor."
CHEDABUCTO (G.)—This name is a corruption of the Micmac Indian name "Sedabiooktook", meaning "running far back." It forms part of the separating waters between Cape Breton and Nova Scotia.
CHEDABUCTO BAY (G.)—The Indian spelling was "Sedabooktook," meaning "running far back" or "a deep extending harbor."
CHEGOGGIN (Y.)—There is a point and village of this name. Indian "che" (great) and "goggin" (encampment), i. e., "great encampment" (1630. The real Indian name was "Noojeogun" from which we have the present name. The meaning given above is likely correct.)
CHESLEY CORNER (L.)—The first settler at this place was one Condore, followed by a German named Cross. John Chesley later came here from Annapolis, and the place was named after him.
CHESTER (L.)—Settled in 1761. £50 was paid in that year for bringing settlers from New England to Chester, at one time named "Shorham," after the seaport town Shoreham in Sussex, England.
The Indian name for this place was "Meneskwaak," meaning "the marshy place."
Chester is one of the two township division of Lunenburg County, and was formed into a separate district in 1863. East Chester was formerly known as Scotch Cove.
CHETICAMP (D.)—See "Cheticamp, Inverness County."
CHETICAMP (I.)—Harbor, Island, Point, Village and River. This name is French, derived from the two words "chetit" and "camp" and meaning a poor camping ground or a poor encampment, a miserable or unhealthy camp.
In the year 1775 or 1776, fourteen Acadian families crossed over from Prince Edward Island, and settled at "Cheticamp."
​CHEVERIE POINT (Hts.)—The Indian name for this place was "Naooktaboogwadik" meaning, "It stands alone." (See Chiverie.)
CHEVERIE SPLIT (Hts.)—The Indian name was "Naeadich" meaning "heaving in sight."
CHEZZETCOOK (H.)—The old spelling of this word was "Chillincook". It was once part of and included in Musquodoboit. The name is from the Micmac Indian "Sesetkook" or "Tcesetkook" meaning "flowing rapidly in many channels."
CHIGNECTO (C.)—From the Micmac Indian word "Signiukt" meaning "a foot of cloth." This name appears in the English records in the year 1691 as "Siganectoe.
The Bay was at one time called by the French "Bay de Gennes," i. e., "Bay of Twins." A fanciful derivative for this name is "Chignon Du Col," meaning "nape of the neck." Chignecto sometimes appears as "Chignitou," was also known as "Beaubasin." This was after a family of Beaubasins descendants of the Sier de la Potherie who served in Acadia; although it is claimed by others to have been so named as descriptive meaning, "beautiful basin." (See Cumberland.)
CHIGNECTO CAPE (C)—In 1607 Champlain came in sight of Cape Chignecto, which he named the Cape of Two Bays, because it was the western extremity of the land which divided Chignecto Bay from the Basin of Minas. (See Chignecto.)
An Indian name for the Cape was "Elmojooiktook."
CHIMNEY CORNER (I.)—This place was settled by people from Scotland in the year 1811. It received its name from a high pinnacle of rock, resembling a chimney, which is at the entrance to the cove. The name is said to have been given to it by a French admiral.
CHIMNEY CORNER (L.)—A small harbor on the west shore of St. Margaret's Bay, given the name owing to the position of the rocks which form the entrance.
CHIPMAN (K.)—Brook and Village. Named after some member of the old King's County family of Chipman.
CHIVERIE (Hts.)—See Cheverie.
CHRISTMAS ISLAND (C. B.)—Was settled in the year 1802, and received its name from a leading Micmac Indian said to be a Chief named "Noel" which is the French for "Christmas," ​who died there and was buried on the island opposite the present railway station. The old Indian name for this place was "Abadakwitcetc" meaning, "the small reserved portion."
CHURCH HILL (H.)—Near Dartmouth. Here the first church was built on the eastern side of Halifax Harbor. It was built by the Government for the use of the Maroons or Negroes who were brought from Jamaica and settled in that vicinity in the year 1796.
CHURCHILL LANDING (Y.)—Named after an early settler Lemuel Churchill who came from Plymouth and settled here about the year 1762.
CHURCH POINT (D.)—Received its first colonists in 1771. The college of St. Anne's here was founded in 1890 by the Eudist Fathers. The point was at one time known as "Point de l'Eglise."
This is the neighborhood that was known to the Indians as "Chicaben." (See Port Acadia).
CHURCHVILLE (P.)—Was first settled by John Robertson, a Scottish (Highland) immigrant to Pictou in 1784. So named from its being the site of a church.
CHUTE (A.)—A Cove named after a family of early settlers.
CIBOUX ISLANDS (V.)—Generally called the "Bird Islands" owing to the large number of wild sea birds found near. The name is Indian, meaning "River Islands." The name "Cibou" (Big River) was at one time been applied to St. Ann.
These islands are at the southern entrance of St. Ann Bay.
CLAM HARBOR (G.)—See Port Shoreham.
CLAM HARBOR (H.)—The clams were plentiful there. The Indian name was "Aasugadich," "Asuk" is the Indian word for clam.
CLARENCE (A.)—So named in honor of Edward, Duke of Kent, who took a great interest in the settlement of the place, and spent some time there. The first and earlier settlers were Samuel Elliott, Henry Barks, William Marshall, and Francis Jackson.
CLARE TOWNSHIP (D.)—One of the two township divisions of Digby County. Formed as a Township in the year 1768, was named "Clare" by Michael Franklyn, who was at the time Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, no doubt after the, subdivision of Munster, Ireland, of this name. Clare was known formerly as ​French Town, as it was laid out and settled by some of the French Acadians who had returned from exile.
CLARK (C. B.)—A point in Gabarus Bay, one time known as Low Point, named after residents there.
CLARKVILLE (Col.)—See Hilden.
CLAVERHOUSE (I.)—So named by the early Scotch settlers, who were evidently admirers of John Graham, the Viscount Dundee.
CLAY ISLAND (L.)—The excellent clay for use in brickmaking found there gave this island its name.
CLEAVELAND (H.)—See Cleveland.
CLELAND CORNER (Y.)—Named after the Cleland family, who were the first settlers there.
CLEMENT ISLAND (Y.)—An island in Chebogue Harbor named after an early settler, John Clements, who came from Marble Head and settled there in the year 1769.
CLEMENTS TOWNSHIP (A.)—One of the four Township divisions of Annapolis County, was formed and named in the year 1784 and was at this time settled by Hessians and Loyalists.
CLEMENTSPORT (A.)—Named after the Township of "Clements." Was first settled by United Empire Loyalists in 1784. Was at one time called Moose River. Moses Shaw, M. P. P., by a petition from the residents, had the name changed to Clementsport in 1856.
CLEMENTSVALE (A.)—See Clements.
CLEVELAND (R.)—Named after a President of the United States. It was formerly known as River Inhabitants Bridge. It was given its present name by an Act of Parliament in the year 1891.
CLEVELAND POINT (H.)—Sometimes wrongfully called "Cleaveland." The name appears on maps of Halifax in 1864. It received the name after a family that lived at the Point.
CLIFTON (Col.)—Formerly called "Old Barns" as the barns of the French Acadians were still standing when the English settlers came to the place.
​CLYBURN BROOK (V.)—So named after an old settler named Clyburn who settled near the brook about the year 1840.
CLYDESDALE (Ant.)—So named by an Act of Parliament in the year 1876.
COACHMAN (L.)—A head in Mahone Bay. One time known as Covey Head, given its present name by Captain P. F. Shortland, R. N., in 1864.
COBEQUID (Col.)—From the Micmac Indian word "Wakobetgitk" said to mean "the end of flowing water"-the bore. In a geographic description of the Province written in 1771, the Cobequid Mountains are called the "Lady Mountains." The Abbe De Loutre refers to Cobequid as "Gobetíck" in 1738. This name is found as "Cocobequy" and lands here were granted to Mathieu Martin in the year 1689.
COCHRAN'S LAKE (C. B.)—This lake is said to have been named by the late Lt.-Governor David McKeen, who was at one time a land surveyor. One of his chainmen named Cochrane fell into the lake and he gave it the chainman's name.
COGMAGUN (Hts.)—Said by some authorities to be an Indian word meaning "crooked river." Dr. Rand says perhaps it is derived from an Indian word "Cootumeegun" meaning "your hatchet." (See Hilford).
COINNEACH BROOK (I.)—This place is named after one of its early settlers. The word Coinneach is the Gaelic for Kenneth.
COLBART LAKE (H.)—This lake is near Purcell's Cove, Halifax, and bears a family name.
COLCHESTER—Formerly called "Cobequid" (see). Changed to "Colchester" in 1780, then called the "District of Colchester." Named after the town in Essex, England, of that name: Anglo-Saxon, "Colneceaster," from its being situated on the Colone River.
Raised to the dignity of a County in 1836. Is divided into four Townships viz: Truro, Onslow, Londonderry and Stirling. Colchester County contains 1308 square miles.
COLE BROOK (P.)—This brook received its name from an early settler, one of the 82nd regiment grantees, named Colin McDonald, but was known as Cole McDonald.
COLE HARBOR (H.)—At one time known as "Inner Harbor of Musquodoboit." The Indian name was "Wonpeak," meaning "white water."
​COLIN'S POINT (H.)—This point in Dartmouth was one time known as Warren's Point.
COMEAU HILL (Y.)—Named after a family of Acadians who resettled at this place after their expulsion.
COMEAUVILLE (D.)—Once called "Clare." Received its present name owing to a family named Comeau residing there.
CONDON SETTLEMENT (K.)—This place received its name from a family named Congdon, who came from Rhode Island and settled in Kings County. James Congdon's name appears as one of the original grantees of Cornwallis in 1764.
CONN MILLS (C.)—This Village was named after an early settler who was a miller.
CONVICT POINT (C. B.)—Near Mainadieu. A vessel loaded with convicts was lost on this point; hence the name.
CONWAY TOWNSHIP (D.)—This was the former name for Digby County; was given the name in honor of the Rt. Hon. Henry Seymour Conway who was Secretary of State (English) in 1765. (See Digby.)
COOK COVE, (G.)—Named after a family of Loyalists who settled at this cove in the year 1772. The Cooks like all other Loyalists would not take up arms against England and came to Nova Scotia to settle.
COOK HARBOR (Y.)—Named after a Captain Ephraim Cook, said to be the first English settler of Yarmouth. He had a fishing post at this Harbor.
COOKUMIJENAWANAK (H.)—This is the name given by the Micmac Indians to a rock in the outlet of the Grand Lake into the Shubenacadie River. The name means the "Grandmother's Place." It was believed by the Indians that this rock was placed there for them to fish from.
COOLIN COVE (H.)—A Cove in Shag Bay, named after a family named Coolin.
CORNING HEAD (Y.)—Named after Jonathan and Ebenezer Corning, to whom it was granted in 1765.
CORKUM LAKE (L)—So named after an early settler named James Corkum.
CORNWALLIS (K.)—Named after Colonel the Honorable ​Edward Cornwallis, who was gazetted Governor of Nova Scotia, the 9th of May 1749. He arrived in Halifax with 2576 immigrants in July 1749.
The Indian name for Cornwallis River was "Ijiktook" meaning "uncertainty. The French called it "Grand Habitant River." Cornwallis is one of the four Townships of Kings County and was formed into a Township in 1759.
COSSMAN CREEK (D.)—Named after Captain John Cossman a resident of the place.
COTEAU INLET (R.)—A general descriptive name of surrounding lands. From the French, meaning "hillock" or "rising ground."
COUNTRY HARBOR (G.)—At one time this place was called "Mocoudom," or "Moukodome." The Indian name for it was "Moolaboogwek" meaning "gullied and deep."
First settled in the year 1783, by men of the Royal North and South Carolina Regiments, and Carolina Rangers. It was for a long time known as "Green Harbor." Changed to its present name in 1914, to avoid duplication of the name "Green."
COW BAY (C. B.)—See Morien.
COW BAY (H.)—The Indian name for this place was "Nooloktookch".
COYLE COVE (H.)—So named by Capt. P. F. Shortland (R. N.) in 1864. Sometimes called "Kieley.'
CRAMMOND ISLAND (I.)—Evidently so named after a family of Crammonds, whose name appears in the early records of Inverness County. This island is sometimes erroneously called Smith Island.
CRANBERRY HEAD (C. B.)—There is a bog near this place and in the early days cranberries grew in abundance here; hence the present name, which is a regrettable change from the old name "Richard Point," by which it is known on the maps of 1829.
CRANBERRY HEAD (Y.)—So named owing to the plentitude of cranberries found there; this is another regrettable change from the old Micmac Indian name "Soonecaty," which means "place of cranberries."
CRAWLEY CREEK (C. B.)—Named after Captain Crawley ​of the Royal Navy, who came to Sydney in its early days and settled at Point Amelia, near the Creek, which since bears his name.
CRAWLEY ISLAND (Y.)—Named after John Crawley, known as Squire Crawley, who settled in Yarmouth about 1761, and was one of a committee in authority in 1762. He came from England to Marble Head and later to Yarmouth.
CREEK AUX NAVIRES (R.)—Named by the French, meaning "the creek for ships.'
CREESER COVE (L.)—Named after an early settler, George Creeser.
CREIGHTON COVE (H.)—This Cove in Dartmouth is named after an Englishman named James Creighton, or one of his family, who owned considerable land nearby about the year 1845.
CREIGNISH (I.)—After a place of the same name in Scotland. Said to mean "Creig-Rock" and "Nish-here, or Gaelic for "here is rock," or "a rocky place."
CRESCENT BEACH (L.)—So named owing to its shape. This Beach was formerly known as "Romkeys."
CRICHTON (R.)—This beach, head, island and shoal is named after David Crichton, an immigrant to Pictou from Dundee, Scotland in 1812, who bought land on the island and established a fishing station there in 1824.
CROCKER POINT (Y.)—This place received its name from an early settler Daniel Crocker, who settled there about the year 1765.
CROSSBURN (A.)—Named after J. W. Cross, who was the Woods Superintendent of the Davidson Lumber Company, which makes, or did make Crossburn its headquarters.
CROUSE TOWN (L.)—Named after early settlers, John and Philip Crouse.
CULLODEN (D.)—This place is named after a British ship called the "Culloden" which was wrecked there in the year 1859. It was formerly known as "Broad Cove."
CUMBERLAND—The old Indian name was "Kwesomalegek" meaning "hardwood ridge" or "point." Cumberland Basin was at one time called by the French "Beaubasin," and is now known as ​Chignecto, one time spelled as "Chinictou." The name Fort Beausejour was changed to "Fort Cumberland" in 1755, by Robert Monckton, who was at that time Lieutenant-Governor at Annapollis The name was afterwards given to the Bay, Township and County.
The County was formed in 1759. In 1784 New Brunswick was made a separate Province, and Cumberland was included in Nova Scotia. It is said that it was named in honor of the Duke of Cumberland, the son of George II, who commanded the British armies in Flanders and Hanover. (See Chignecto).
Cumberland County is divided into three Townships, Amherst, Parrsborough and Wallace, and contains 1612 square miles.
CUMBERLAND BASIN—So named by the English in 1755, replacing the name "Beaubasin" used by the French. (See Cumberland).