OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cold Fusion Research/Cover Letter, Landis-Watkins

Energy Research Advisory Board
to the
United States Department of Energy 1000 Independence Avenue. S.W. Washington, D.C. 20585
(202)586-5444
November 26, 1989
The Honorable James D. Watkins Secretary of Energy Washington, DC 20585
Dear Mr. Secretary:
It is my privilege to forward to you the enclosed final report of the Cold Fusion Panel of the Energy Research Advisory Board. This report reflects the diligence and care with which the members of the Panel addressed the charge you gave to the Board last April. It also reflects their broad and germane experience and their strict observance of professional standards.
On November 8, the full Board reviewed the conclusions and recommendations drafted by the Panel and, after making only minor revisions, approved the report unanimously.
All members of the Panel deserve praise for the excellence of their work and thanks for the considerable time and energy they put into this study. As you well know, this time and energy had to be extracted from busy schedules and demanding jobs.
Special recognition is in order for the Co-Chairmen of the Panel, Drs. John R. Huizenga and Norman F. Ramsey, who not only organized and directed the complex effort required to evaluate the results of the cold-fusion experiments conducted to date, but also contributed significantly to the writing of the report itself.
The Energy Research Advisory Board believes that the Panel's findings comprise a valuable base for future Department of Energy decisions on cold fusion.
                                        Sincerely,
                                        John. W. Landis, Chairman
                                        [Signature]
                                        Energy Research Advisory Board
# Cold Fusion Research/Energy Research Advisory Board

ENERGY RESEARCH ADVISORY BOARD
NOVEMBER 1989
| Mr. John W. Landis, Chairman Senior Vice President Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation | Dr. Norman F. Ramsey Higgins Professor of Physics Harvard University |
| Dr. Stepnen D. Ban President Gas Research Institute | Dr. Dale F. Stein President Michigan Technology University |
| Dr. Mildred S. Dresselhaus Institute Professor Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Dr. H. Guyford Stever Foreign Secretary (Retired) National Academy of Sciences |
| Dr. Robert W. Fri President Resources for the Future | Mr. John Schoettler Independent Petroleum Geologist |
| Mr. Joseph G. Gavin, Jr. Senior Management Consultant Grumman Corporation | Dr. Robert J. Weimer Professor Emeritus Department of Geology Colorado School of Mines |
| Dr. Robert L. Hirsch Vice President, Research & Technical Services ARCO Oil and Gas Company | Dr. Linda S. Wilson President Radcliffe College |
| Dr. John R. Huizenga Tracy H. Harris Professor of Chemistry and Physics University of Rochester | EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Dr. Thomas G. Finn Department of Energy Office of Energy Research, ER-6 1000 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20585 (202) 586-5444 |
| Dr. Lawrence T. Papay Senior Vice President Southern California Edison Company | EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Dr. Thomas G. Finn Department of Energy Office of Energy Research, ER-6 1000 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20585 (202) 586-5444 |
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aeolodicon

Aeolodicon. A keyed instrument whose tones are produced by thin pieces of metal so placed as to play, freely, being put into motion by means of a current of air. By the pressing down of a key, a kind of wind chest is opened, and while the air, compressed therein by a species of bellows, flows out against the metallic spring or plate, the latter is put into a vibrating motion, and produces a tone which is still further modified by the manner of pressing down the key.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aequisonant

Aequisonant. A term properly applied to unisons, but which is frequently given to octaves, because they so affect the ear as almost to seem one and the same sound.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Affabile

Affabile. (I.) In an easy, affable manner.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Affettuosissimo

Affettuosissimo, or AFFETTUOSAMENTE. Tenderly, affectionately.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aeolomelodicon

Aeolomelodicon, or CHORALEON, as it is frequently called, is a keyed instrument, invented in Warsaw, and is sometimes in the form of an organ, though much smaller.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aeolopantalon

Aeolopantalon. An instrument combining the piano-forte and the aeolomelodicon.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Affetto

Affetto. (I.) A direction to render notes soft and affecting. With tenderness and pathos.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aeolus' harp

Aeolus' harp was introduced into England
about the middle of the last century. It is much like the Aeolian harp, consisting of strings extended between the deal boards. Mr. Richardson, in his dissertation on the "Manners and Customs of the East," proves that such an instrument was used at a much earlier date than that claimed by Kircher for the invention.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aequivagans

Aequivagans. This term was used by the Latins to signify that all the parts, in the passage against which it was placed, syncopated, or deviated from the natural order of the measure at one and the same time.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aesthetics

Aesthetics. Whatever belongs to matters of taste in music.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Ais

Ais. (G.) A sharp.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aiguino, Bresciano

Aiguino, Bresciano, published several musical works at Venice, between the years 1562 and 1581.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aimon, P. L. F

Aimon, P. L. F., born at Lisle in 1779, led the band of the theatre at Marseilles when in his seventeenth year. He afterwards composed many quatuors and quintets. He was living at Paris in 1810.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Air varie

Air varié (F.) Air with variations. This expression sometimes implies no more than that the melody to which it is prefixed is variegated and embellished, ad libitum, by the composer or arranger, or even the performer.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aimon, Anton Blasius

Aimon, Anton Blasius, a native of the Tyrol, died in the year 1590. Many of his sacred musical compositions were afterwards collected and published at Munich.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Al, all', alla, alle, allo, ai

Al, all', alla, alle, allo, ai. Prefixed syllables, and meaning very nearly the same thing - to the, or in the style of; as, al fine, to the end ; alla capella, in the style of church music.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Al loco

Al loco. (I.) A term chiefly used in violin music, to signify that the hand (having been shifted) is to be used as before.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Aiolla, Francesco

Aiolla, Francesco, a composer, born at Florence, was living in France about the year 1530.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Akeroyd, S

Akeroyd, S. An English composer, seventeenth century. He published numerous songs in the year 1685.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Paulinus

From volume 11 of the work.
Archbishop of York, died at Rochester, 10 October, 644. He was a Roman monk in St. Andrew's monastery at Rome, and was sent by St. Gregory the Great in 601, with St. Mellitus and others, to help St. Augustine and to carry the pallium to him. He laboured in Kent — with the possible exception of a mission to East Anglia before 616 — till 625, when he accompanied Ethelburga (Aethelburh), the sister of King Eadbald of Kent, when she went to the Northumbrian Court to marry King Edwin, then a pagan (see EDWIN, SAINT). Before leaving Kent, he was consecrated bishop by St. Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury. He was successful in converting Edwin and large numbers of his people, the king's baptism taking place on 12 April, 627. With the assistance of St. Edwin, he established his see at York and began to build a stone church there. His apostolic labours in instructing and baptizing the people of the north country were unceasing, and tradition perpetuates his ministry at Yeavering, Catterick Bridge, Dewsbury, Easingwold, Southwell, and elsewhere, while his own name is preserved in the village of Pallingsburn in Northumbria. On the defeat of St. Edwin in 633, Paulinus carried the queen and her children safely to Kent; and, as the heathen reaction under Penda made missionary work impossible in Northumbria, he devoted himself to the Diocese of Rochester, then vacant. It was after his flight that he received the pallium from Rome (634), sent to him as Archbishop of York. Though Anglican writers have disagreed among themselves as to whether he was justified in leaving his archbishopric, Catholic writers, following St. Bede, have held that he had no choice and was the best judge of what was advisable under the circumstances. St. Bede describes him as tall and thin, with a slightly stooping figure; he had black hair and an aquiline nose and was of venerable and awe-inspiring aspect. He was buried in his church at Rochester, and, on the rebuilding of the cathedral, his relics were translated by Archbishop Lanfranc to a silver shrine where they lay till the Reformation. His festival is observed in England on 10 Oct., the anniversary of his death.
EDWIN BURTON
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/St. Paul the Simple

From volume 11 of the work.
The story of Paul, as Palladius heard it from men who had known St. Anthony, was as follows: Paul was a husbandman, very simple and guileless. One day, on discovering the infidelity of his wife, he set off to be a monk. He knocked at the door of St. Anthony's cell. This is the substance of the dialogue which ensued:
   Anthony: "What do you want?"
   Paul: "To be a monk."
   Anthony: "It is quite impossible for you, a man of sixty. Be content with the life of a labourer, giving thanks to God."
   Paul: "Whatsoever you teach me I will do."
   Anthony: "If a monk you must be, go to a cenobium. I live here alone only eating once every five days."
With this St. Anthony shut the door, and Paul remained outside. On the fourth day St. Anthony, fearing lest he should die, took him in. He set him to work weaving a rope out of palm leaves, made him undo what he had done, and do it again. When it was evening he asked him if he was ready to eat. Just as St. Anthony liked, was the reply. St. Anthony produced some crusts, took one himself, and gave the old man three. Then followed a long grace — one Psalm said twelve times over, and as many prayers. When each had eaten a crust Paul was told to take another.
   Paul: "If you do, I will; if you don't, I won't."
   Anthony: "I am a monk, and one is enough for me."
   Paul: "It is enough for me, for I am going to be a monk."
Then came twelve prayers and as many Psalms, followed by a little sleep till midnight, and then again Psalms were recited till it was day. Finally Paul got what he wanted. After he had lived with Anthony some months, the saint gave him a cell for himself some miles from his own. In a year's time the grace of healing and casting out devils was bestowed upon Paul. Then follows a story of how he was able to exorcize a fiend over whom even St. Anthony had no power. The story of St. Paul in the "Hist. monachorum" is, as regards substantial facts, much the same as that of "Palladius", but the atmosphere is different. In "Palladius" St. Anthony is living quite alone; in the "Historia" he is a kind of abbot of hermits. In "Palladius" he is reluctant to accept Paul; in the "Historia" he invites him to become a monk. In "Palladius" St. Anthony's purpose is to show Paul just what a hermit's life really was; in the "Historia" he subjects him to the rather conventional kinds of tests which any abbot might apply to any postulant. The difference seems to amount chiefly to this: "Palladius" apparently places the story in the time before, and the "Historia" after St. Anthony began to have disciples. For different anecdotes concerning Paul the reader may be referred to Butler's "Lives of the Saints" or to Tillemont.
F.J. BACCHUS
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Timoléon Cheminais de Montaigu

From volume 3 of the work.
A pulpit orator, born at Paris, 3 January, 1652; entered the Society of Jesus at fifteen, died 15 September, 1689. After teaching rhetoric and the humanities at Orléans, Cheminais was assigned to the work of preaching. Bayle declares that "many regarded him as the equal of Bourdalore", though others declare this exaggerated. Before many years his health gave way. He was appointed court-preacher, but was unable to accept the honour, though De Backer asserts the contrary. His voice partly failing him, he devoted himself to the instruction of the people of the villages and country places. The sermons of Cheminais were edited by Bretonneau (4 vols. 12 mo. Paris, 1690-91; 7th ed., Brussels, 1713). They were translated into German (Augsburg, 1739); Pressburg, 1788), Dutch (Rotterdam, 1724), Italian (Venice, 1735). He was also the author of a work called "Sentiments de piété" (Paris, 1691, 1693, 1700; Brussels, 1702). A later edition (Toulouse, 1706) contained the "Sentiments of James II, King of Great Britain". This work was translated into German (Cologue, 1723; Vienna, 1786), Dutch, (Antwerp), and Italian (Milan, 1837).
T.J. CAMPBELL
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Tingis

From volume 14 of the work.
A titular see of Mauretania Tingitana (the official list of the Roman Curia places it in Mauretania Caesarea). Tingis, now Tangier, is an ancient Phoenician town; Greek legend ascribes its foundation to the giant Antaeus, whose tomb and skeleton are pointed out in the vicinity, or to Sophax, son of Hercules and the widow of Antaeus. The coins call it Tenga, Tinga, and Titga, the Greek and Latin authors giving numerous variations of the name. Under the Romans this commercial town became, first, a free city and then, under Augustus, a colony (Colonia Julia, under Claudius), capital of Mauretania Tingitana. Portuguese in the fifteenth century, Spanish in the sixteenth, it became an English possession by the marriage of Charles II with the Infanta Catharine of Portugal. The English vacated it in 1684. When it was bombarded by the Prince de Joinville in 1844, it belonged to Morocco. The natives call it Tandja. It has about 40,000 inhabitants, of whom half are Mussulmans, 10,000 Jews, 9000 Europeans (7500 Spanish). Towards the end of the third century Tangier was the scene of the martyrdom of St. Marcellus, mentioned in the Roman Martyrology on 30 October, and of St. Cassian, mentioned on 3 December. It is not known whether it was a diocese in ancient times. Under the Portuguese domination it was a suffragan of Lisbon, and in 1570 was united to the Diocese of Ceuta. Six of its bishops are known, the first, who did not reside in his see, in 1468. Tangier is now the residence of the prefect Apostolic of Morocco, which mission is in charge of the Friars Minor. It has a Catholic church, several chapels, schools, and a hospital.
SMITH, Dict. of Gr. and Rom. Geogr., S.V.; JORDAO, Memoria historica sobre os bipados de Ceuta e Tanger (Lisbon, 1858); TISSOT, Recherches sur la geographie comparee de la Mauretanie Tingitane (Paris, 1876), 44 sq.; TOULOTTE, Geographie de l'afrique chretienne. Mauretanies (Montreuil, 1894), 247; MULLER, Ptolemy, ed. DIDOT, I, 580.
S. Pétridès.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Tintern Abbey

From volume 14 of the work.
This abbey, in Monmouthshire, England, was founded in 1131 by Walter de Clare for Cistercian monks, who came from the Abbey of Aumone, in the Diocese of Chartres, itself founded only ten years before. Walter's son Gilbert, first earl of Pembroke, and probably also his grandson Richard Strongbow, conqueror of Ireland under Henry II, were buried at Tintern, the magnificent church of which dates from the end of the thirteenth century. They abbey received rich benefactions not only from the family of its founder but from other noble houses; and lists of its possessions, both from the taxation-roll of 1291, and at the time of the Dissolution under Henry VIII, are given in detail by Dugdale. The accounts submitted by the last abbot, Richard Wych, in 1535, place the net income at under 200 pounds a year; and the abbey, containing at that time thirteen monks, was suppressed under the Act of 1536 which dissolved the smaller monasteries. The king granted it in 1537 to Henry, Earl of Worcester, in whose family (afterwards dukes of Beaufort) it remained until the sale of his Monmouthshire property by the ninth duke, when it was acquired by the Crown.
The ruins of Tintern, which stands on the right bank of the river Wye, backed by a semicircle of wooded hills, ranks with Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire as the most beautiful in England. The church, measuring 245 feet in length, with transepts of 110 feet, is almost perfect, though roofless, the architecture being of the transitional style from Early English to Decorated. The window-tracery is especially fine. Hardly anything remains of the domestic buildings of the abbey, the stone having been used for cottages and farm buildings in the neighborhood.
D. O. HUNTER-BLAIR
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Tipasa

From volume 14 of the work.
A titular see of Numidia. The Phoenician word signifies passage. Early in its history we find in Tipasa a Punic counting-house with a port; which passed later under the domination of the kings of Mauretania, whose kingdom was annexed to the Roman empire in A.D. 39. Claudius I constituted Tipasa a Colonia juris latini (Pliny, "Hist. Natur.", V, ii, 20). Later on it became a civitas and in the third century an inscription styles it colonia. The city, which was very commercial, grew and prospered greatly under the emperors of the second and third centuries. A Jewish colony with its synagogue settled there, early in its history. An inscription belonging to the year 238 is the most ancient trace of Christianity to be found in Tipasa. In the church of Bishop Alexander, built at the end of the fourth century, we find the tombs of nine personages who are called justi priores and whom Duchesne considers to have been nine bishops antedating this Alexander. In the beginning of the fourth century, a young girl, Saint Salsa, was martyred by the pagans; later a basilica was erected to her memory. Under Julian the Apostate the inhabitants distinguished themselves by their adherence to Christianity, and this in spite of the violent opposition of two Donatist bishops (Optatus, "De Schismate Donatistarum", II, 18-19). Likewise in 371 or 372, when the Moorish king, Firmus, with the support of the Donatists, tried; but in vain, to take possession of the city. Mention is due to the anonymous author of "The Passion of Saint Salsa" and "The Passion of Saint Fabius of Cartenna" (Anal. bolland., IX, 123-134), who was born at Tipasa and who lived in the beginning of the fifth century.
In 429 the Vandals took possession of the city and the province; ten years later these were restored to the Emperor Valentinian, but came back again into the possession of the Vandals in 455. Bishop Reparatus was exiled in 484, and the secretary of the Arian patriarch was chosen to replace him, a choice which brought about the voluntary exile into Spain of the greater part of the inhabitants; those we remained, having refused to embrace Arianism, had their right hand and tongue cut off, but nevertheless, continued to talk as before, according to the testimony of Victor de Vita, and other contemporaries ("Historia persecutionis Africanae provinciae", III, vi, 29-30; Acta SS., October, XI, 847; "Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire de l'Ecole française de Rome", XIV, 319). Henceforth Tipasa is not mentioned in history. To-day it is a village, called Tipaza by the French, Tefassed by the natives, situated about 44 miles east of Algiers; it numbers 2400 inhabitants, of whom 600 are Europeans, and possesses a Catholic parish. There are ruins of several churches and other monuments.
DUCHESNE, Saint Salsa in Precis historiques (Paris, 1890); TOULOTTE, Geographie de l'Afrique chretienne. Mauretanies (Montreuil, 1894), 164-171; GSELL, De Tipasa Mauretania Caesariensis urbe (Algiers, 1894); IDEM, Tipasa in Melanges d'archeologie et d'histoire de l'Ecole francaise de Rome, XIV (Paris, 1894), 291-450.
S. VAILHÉ
# Civilization

"Old as the race of man"
* Coates, Florence Earle (1904), "Civilization" in Mine and Thine (1904).
* Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "Civilization" in Poems I.
# Civilization and Barbarism

LIFE IN THE ARGENTINE
REPUBLIC IN THE DAYS OF THE TYRANTS;
OR,
CIVILIZATION AND BARBARISM
FROM THE SPANISH OF
DOMINGO F. SARMIENTO, LL. D.,
MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY FROM THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC TO THE UNITED STATES
WITH A
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE AUTHOR,
By MRS. HORACE MANN
First American from the third Spanish Edition.
NEW YORK: PUBLISHED BY HURD AND HOUGHTON
Cambridge: Riverside Press.
1868.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1868, by
Mary Mann,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Southern District of New York.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company (194 U.S. 538)
* Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company (201 U.S. 529)
See also Cleveland Electric Railway Company v. Cleveland.
# Cleveland v. United States

United States Supreme Court
329 U.S. 14
Cleveland v. United States
Argued: Oct. 17, 1946. --- Decided: Nov 18, 1946
See 329 U.S. 830, 67 S.Ct. 361.
Mr.Claude T. Barnes, of Salt Lake City, Utah, for petitioners.
Mr. Robert M. Hitchcock, of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
[Argument of Counsel from page 15 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company (194 U.S. 538)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
194 U.S. 538
Cleveland v. Cleveland Electric Railway Company
Argued: April 26, 27, 1904. --- Decided: May 31, 1904
Messrs. Newton D. Baker and D. C. Westenhaver for appellant.
Mr. William B. Sanders for appellee.
Mr. Justice White delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Clever Elsie

* related portals: Brothers Grimm.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, Wikidata item.
English-language translations of Die kluge Else include:
* "Clever Else", translated by Lucy Crane, illustrated by Walter Crane, in Household stories from the collection of the Bros Grimm (1882)
* "Clever Elsie", translated by Margaret Raine Hunt, in Grimm's Household Tales, Volume 1 (1884)
* "Clever Elsa", translated by Alice Lucas, illustrated by Arthur Rackham, in The Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm (1909)

## Works about Clever Elsie

* The Realistic Tale in A Study of Fairy Tales by Laura Fry Kready, 1916
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse