OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume IV/Minucius Felix/The Octavius of Minucius Felix/Chapter 20

Chapter XX.—Argument: But If the World is Ruled by Providence and Governed by the Will of One God, an Ignorant Antipathy Ought Not to Carry Us Away into the Error of Agreement with It: Although Delighted with Its Own Fables, It Has Brought in Ridiculous Traditions. Nor is It Shown Less Plainly that the Worship of the Gods Has Always Been Silly and Impious, in that the Most Ancient of Men Have Venerated Their Kings, Their Illustrious Generals, and Inventors of Arts, on Account of Their Remarkable Deeds, No Otherwise Than as Gods.
“I have set forth the opinions almost of all the philosophers whose more illustrious glory it is to have pointed out that there is one God, although with many names; so that any one might think either that Christians are now philosophers, or that philosophers were then already Christians. But if the world is governed by providence, and directed by the will of one God, antiquity of unskilled people ought not, however delighted and charmed with its own fables, to carry us away into the mistake of a mutual agreement, when it is rebutted by the opinions of its own philosophers, who are supported by the authority both of reason and of antiquity. For our ancestors had such an easy faith in falsehoods, that they rashly believed even other monstrosities as marvellous wonders; a manifold Scylla, a Chimæra of many forms, and a Hydra rising again from its auspicious wounds, and Centaurs, horses entwined with their riders; and whatever Report was allowed to feign, they were entirely willing to listen to. Why should I refer to those old wives’ fables, that men were changed from men into birds and beasts, and from men into trees and flowers?—which things, if they had happened at all, would happen again; and because they cannot happen now, therefore never happened at all. In like manner with respect to the gods too, our ancestors believed carelessly, credulously, with untrained simplicity; while worshipping their kings religiously, desiring to look upon them when dead in outward forms, anxious to preserve their memories in statues, those things became sacred which had been taken up merely as consolations. Thereupon, and before the world was opened up by commerce, and before the nations confounded their rites and customs, each particular nation venerated its Founder, or illustrious Leader, or modest Queen braver than her sex, or the discoverer of any sort of faculty or art, as a citizen of worthy memory; and thus a reward was given to the deceased, and an example to those who were to follow.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Some editors read, “mere wonders,” apparently on conjecture only.
* ↑ Otherwise, “was pleased.”
* ↑ Four early editions read “instantius” for “in statuis,” making the meaning probably, “more keenly,” “more directly.”
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume IV/Minucius Felix/The Octavius of Minucius Felix/Chapter 24

Chapter XXIV.—Argument: He Briefly Shows, Moreover, What Ridiculous, Obscene, and Cruel Rites Were Observed in Celebrating the Mysteries of Certain Gods.
“How much more truly do dumb animals naturally judge concerning your gods? Mice, swallows, kites, know that they have no feeling: they gnaw them, they trample on them, they sit upon them; and unless you drive them off, they build their nests in the very mouth of your god. Spiders, indeed, weave their webs over his face, and suspend their threads from his very head. You wipe, cleanse, scrape, and you protect and fear those whom you make; while not one of you thinks that he ought to know God before he worships Him; desiring without consideration to obey their ancestors, choosing rather to become an addition to the error of others, than to trust themselves; in that they know nothing of what they fear. Thus avarice has been consecrated in gold and silver; thus the form of empty statues has been established; thus has arisen Roman superstition. And if you reconsider the rites of these gods, how many things are laughable, and how many also pitiable! Naked people run about in the raw winter; some walk bonneted, and carry around old bucklers, or beat drums, or lead their gods a-begging through the streets. Some fanes it is permitted to approach once a year, some it is forbidden to visit at all. There is one place where a man may not go, and there are some that are sacred from women: it is a crime needing atonement for a slave even to be present at some ceremonies. Some sacred places are crowned by a woman having one husband, some by a woman with many; and she who can reckon up most adulteries is sought after with most religious zeal. What! would not a man who makes libations of his own blood, and supplicates (his god) by his own wounds, be better if he were altogether profane, than religious in such a way is this? And he whose shameful parts are cut off, how greatly does he wrong God in seeking to propitiate Him in this manner! since, if God wished for eunuchs, He could bring them as such into existence, and would not make them so afterwards. Who does not perceive that people of unsound mind, and of weak and degraded apprehension, are foolish in these things, and that the very multitude of those who err affords to each of them mutual patronage? Here the defence of the general madness is the multitude of the mad people.
# Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume IV/Minucius Felix/The Octavius of Minucius Felix/Chapter 2

Chapter II.—Argument: The Arrival of Octavius at Rome During the Time of the Public Holidays Was Very Agreeable to Minucius. Both of Them Were Desirous of Going to the Marine Baths of Ostia, with Cæcilius Associated with Them as a Companion of Minucius. On Their Way Together to the Sea, Cæcillus, Seeing an Image of Serapis, Raises His Hand to His Mouth, and Worships It.
For, for the sake of business and of visiting me, Octavius had hastened to Rome, having left his home, his wife, his children, and that which is most attractive in children, while yet their innocent years are attempting only half-uttered words,—a language all the sweeter for the very imperfection of the faltering tongue. And at this his arrival I cannot express in words with how great and with how impatient a joy I exulted, since the unexpected presence of a man so very dear to me greatly enhanced my gladness. Therefore, after one or two days, when the frequent enjoyment of our continual association had satisfied the craving of affection, and when we had ascertained by mutual narrative all that we were ignorant of about one another by reason of our separation, we agreed to go to that very pleasant city Ostia, that my body might have a soothing and appropriate remedy for drying its humours from the marine bathing, especially as the holidays of the courts at the vintage-time had released me from my cares. For at that time, after the summer days, the autumn season was tending to a milder temperature. And thus, when in the early morning we were going towards the sea along the shore (of the Tiber), that both the breathing air might gently refresh our limbs, and that the yielding sand might sink down under our easy footsteps with excessive pleasure; Cæcilius, observing an image of Serapis, raised his hand to his mouth, as is the custom of the superstitious common people, and pressed a kiss on it with his lips.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Eust

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​ Eust, Swiss, ‘sheepfold.’ See Schaf.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Fabel

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Fabel, f., ‘fable,’ even in MidHG. fabel, fabele, f., from Fr. fable, Lat. fabula.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Esse

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​ Esse, f. (the word seems to be unknown to the UpG. dialects), ‘forge,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ęsse, OHG. ęssa, f., ‘chimney, hearth of a worker in metals.’ Like OSwed. œsja, they indicate a Goth. *asjô, which is also assumed by the borrowed term, Finn. ahjo. Whether Esse is allied to OIc. esja, ‘clay,’ and hence means lit. ‘what is made of clay,’ remains doubtful. Its assumed connection with OHG. eit, ‘funeral pile,’ Gr. αἶθος, ‘glow,’ Sans. root idh, ‘to burn,’ is untenable.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Essig

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Essig | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Essig, m. (with the normal unaccented g for ch), ‘vinegar,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ęȥȥī̆ch (that the i is long is proved by its change into the diphthong ei in late MidHG. ezseich), OHG. ęȥȥîh (hh), m. A remarkable loan-word, corresponding to MidLG. ętik, OSwed. œtikia, Swed. ättika; also OLG. ęcid, AS. ęced, which with Goth. akeit(s), ‘vinegar,’ are based upon Lat. acêtum. For the HG., LG., and Swed. words we must assume a form *atêcum, produced by metathesis of the consonants — OHG. ęȥȥîh from atîk for atêko, which, however, is not attested by any Romance form; for such transpositions comp. Romance alenâre from Lat. anhelare, MidHG. biever from vieber (see further citations under einzeln, Fieber, Erle, Kabeljau, kitzeln, Ziege). There is a remarkable form in Swiss dialects, achiss, echiss, which is based upon an untransposed form corresponding to Goth. akeit(s). The Lat.-Rom. acêtum (Ital. aceto; but Fr. vinaigre and E. vinegar from ​ Lat. vinum acre) has also made its way into other countries — OSlov. acǐtŭ (from Goth. akeits?), OIr. acat. — The UpG. vb. esseln, ‘to taste of vinegar,’ may perhaps be based upon some such form as OFr. aisil (MidE. aisil).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Estrich

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Estrich | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Estrich, m., ‘floor, plaster-floor, pavement,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ęstrĭch, ęsterĭch, OHG. estirĭh, astrĭ(hh), m.; comp. MidLG. astrak, esterck, Du. estrik (these two forms are not recorded). In Middle Germany the word, which was unknown to Luther, is not found. Perhaps it is really native to the valleys of the Rhine and Danube, being introduced by Roman colonists. Comp. early MidLat. astricus, astracus, ‘paving,’ Milan. astregh, Sicil. astracu, Ital. lastrico; OFr. astre, Fr. âtre, ‘hearth,’ lit. ‘pavement.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/F

* A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - Z
* Fabel
* Fach
* fach
* fächeln
* Fächer
* Fackel
* Faden
* fähig
* fahl
* fahnden
* Fahne
* Fähndrich
* Fähre
* fahren
* Fahrende Habe
* Fahrt
* Fährte
* falb
* Falbel
* Falke
* fallen
* Fall
* Falle
* falsch
* -falt
* falten
* Falte
* Falter
* falzen
* fangen
* Fang
* Fant
* Farbe
* Farn
* Farre
* Färse
* Färse
* farzen
* Fasan
* Fasching
* faseln
* Faser
* Fasnacht
* fassen
* fast
* fasten
* Fastnacht
* Faß
* faul
* faulenzen
* Faust
* Faxe
* fechten
* Feder
* Federlesen
* Federspiel
* Fee
* Fegefeuer
* fegen
* Fehde
* fehlen
* Fehme
* Feier
* Feiertag
* feiern
* Ferien
* feige
* Feige
* Feigwarze
* feil
* feilschen
* Feile
* Feim
* fein
* Feind
* feist
* Felber
* Feld
* Felge
* Fell
* Felleisen
* Felsen
* Fenchel
* Fenster
* Ferge
* Ferien
* Ferkel
* fern
* Ferse
* fertig
* Fessel
* Fessel
* Fest
* fest
* Fetisch
* fett
* Fetzen
* feucht
* Feuer
* Fibel
* Fichte
* Fieber
* Fiedel
* fillen
* Filz
* finden
* Finger
* Fink
* Finne
* Finne
* finster
* Finte
* Firlefanz
* firn
* Firn
* Firnewein
* Firnis
* First
* Fisch
* Fist
* Fistel
* Fittich
* Fitze
* fix
* flach
* Flachs
* flackern
* Fladen
* Flagge
* Flamberg
* Flamme
* Flanke
* Flasche
* flattern
* flau
* Flaum
* Flaus
* Flause
* Flechse
* Flechte
* flechten
* Fleck
* Fledermaus
* Flederwisch
* Flegel
* flehen
* Fleisch
* Fleiß
* flennen
* fletschen
* flicken
* Flieder
* Fliege
* fliegen
* fliehen
* Fließ
* fließen
* Fliete
* flimmern
* flink
* Flinte
* Flitter
* Flitzbogen
* Flocke
* Floh
* Flor
* Florin
* Floskel
* Flosse
* Floß
* Flöte
* flott
* Flotte
* flößen
* Flötz
* fluchen
* Fluch
* Flucht
* Fluder
* Flug
* flugs
* Flügel
* flügge
* flugs
* Flunder
* flunkern
* Flur
* flüstern
* Fluß
* flüssig
* Flut
* Focke
* Fohlen
* Föhn
* Föhre
* folgen
* Folge
* foltern
* foppen
* fordern
* fördern
* Forelle
* Forke
* Form
* Formel
* forschen
* Forst
* fort
* Fracht
* Frack
* fragen
* frank
* Franse
* Fraß
* Fratze
* Frau
* Fräulein
* Frauenzimmer
* frech
* frei
* freien
* freilich
* Freitag
* Freite
* fremd
* fressen
* Frettchen
* Freude
* Freund
* Frevel
* freventlich
* Friede
* Friedhof
* frieren
* Fries
* Frieseln
* flisch
* Frischling
* frisieren
* Frist
* froh
* frohlocken
* frohn
* Frohne
* fröhnen
* fromm
* Frosch
* Frost
* Frucht
* früh
* Frühling
* Fuchs
* Fuchtel
* Fuder
* Fug
* Fuge
* fügen
* fühlen
* Fuhre
* führen
* füllen
* Fülle
* Füllen
* Füllsel
* Fund
* fünf
* Funke
* für
* fürbaß
* Furche
* Furcht
* fürchten
* fürder
* Furke
* Fürst
* Furt
* fuschen
* Fusel
* Fuß
* Fußstapfe
* Futter
* Futteral
* füttern
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Essen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Essen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Essen, n., ‘food, meal, dinner,’ even in MidHG. ëȥȥen, OHG. ëȥȥan, n., as an equiv. subst.; it is scarcely an infinitive used as a subst., but rather an independent subst. form like Gr. ἐδανόν, ‘food,’ Sans. ádana, n., ‘provender.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Eule

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Eule | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Eule, f., ‘owl,’ from the equiv. MidHG. iule, iuwel, OHG. ûwila, f. Comp. Du. wil, AS. ûle (from *ûwle), E. owl, OIc. ugla, from pre-Teut. *uwwalô, or rather *uwwilô, ‘owl.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Euter

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Euter | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Euter, m. and n., ‘udder, dug,’ from the equiv. MidHG. iuter, ûter, OHG. ûtar, ûtiro, m.; a word common to Teut. and orig. a primit. Aryan word, which has the same sense everywhere. Comp. Du. uijer, AS. ûder, E. udder; also with gradation eudar in MidLG. jeder, OFris. iader, OIc. júgr. The-resulting Teut. ûdr-, eudr-, from Aryan ûdhr-, corresponds to the equiv. Sans. ûdhar, Gr. οὔθαρ (with gradation), Lat. ûber; Slav. vymę (from *vyd-men-), ‘udder,’ is differently derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/freilich

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry freilich. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ freilich, adverb, from the equivalent Middle High German vrîlîche, adverb, ‘certainly, by all means,’ properly adverb from vrîlîch, ‘free, boundless.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/fremd

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry fremd. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ fremd, adjective, ‘strange, foreign, unfamiliar, peculiar,’ from Middle High German vręmede, vręmde, ‘foreign, distant, strange, singular, rare,’ Old High German framadi, fręmidi, ‘foreign, singular’; a common Teutonic adjective for ‘foreign,’ unknown only to Scandinavian; compare Gothic framaþs, ‘foreign, estranged, excluded from,’ Anglo-Saxon fręmþe, fręmde, ‘foreign, alien, estranged’ (English obsolete), Old Saxon fręmithi, Dutch vreemd. A derivative of the stem appearing in the Gothic preposition fram, ‘far from,’ Anglo-Saxon and English from, Old High German fram, adverb, ‘away, forward.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/freventlich

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry freventlich. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ freventlich, adverb, ‘sacrilegiously,’ first occurs in Modern High German, formed like eigentlich, wesentlich, &c., from the Middle High German adjective vrevele, but with a change of the suffix l into n.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/froh

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry froh. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ froh, adjective, ‘glad, joyous, happy,’ from Middle High German vrô (genitive vrôwes, vrouwes), Old High German frô (inflected form frawêr), ‘glad’; corresponding to Old Saxon frao (genitive *frawes, frahes), Middle Dutch vro, ‘glad’; a corresponding word in English is wanting. Old Icelandic frár, ‘quick, nimble,’ closely agrees in sound; with respect to the meaning, compare the analogous glatt and English glad. Thus the sensuous meaning ‘nimble’ might be taken as the starting-point. If the Scandinavian word be disregarded, ‘gracious, friendly,’ might be assumed as the primary meaning, in order to connect the word with the expressions for ‘master, lord,’ mentioned under frohn.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/freien

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry freien. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ freien, verb, ‘to woo,’ from Middle High German vrîen, ‘to woo, marry’; unknown to Upper German, properly a Low German word, made current chiefly by Luther, Compare Dutch vrijen, ‘to sue for’ (Middle High German vrîen, ‘to set see, rescue,’ must in the main be regarded as a different word). In the sense of ‘to woo, marry,’ the verb must be directly connected with the Old Teutonic root frî, ‘to love’; compare Old Saxon frî, ‘wife, beloved.’ For the diffusion of the Teutonic root frî (from Aryan prî); see frei, Freitag, and also Freund.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/frieren

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry frieren. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ frieren, verb, ‘to freeze, feel cold, be chilled,’ from the equivalent Middle High German vriesen (participle, gevrorn), Old High German friosan (participle gifroran); the change of s into r has obtained in all parts of the verb, yet s has been preserved in Frieseln and Frost. Compare Dutch vriezen, Anglo-Saxon freósan, English to freeze, Old Icelandic frjósa; Gothic *friusan is wanting, but may be inferred with certainty from frius, neuter, ‘frost, cold.’ The change of s into r is also shown by Anglo-Saxon freórig, adjective, ‘freezing, frosty, stiff,’ Old Icelandic frer, neuter plural, ‘frost, cold.’ The Teutonic root is freus, fruz, from the pre-Teutonic root preus, prū̆s. It appears to lie at the base of Latin prûrio for *prusio, ‘to itch,’ if the connecting link in meaning is to be found in the ‘piercing, itching, burning nature of frost.’ Old Indian has a root pruš, ‘to inject a substance,’ which is more ​remote in meaning; akin to Latin pruîna, ‘rime’ (for *prusvîna); Sanscrit prušvá, ‘drop, frozen drop, rime.’ Under no circumstances can the word be connected with Latin frigere.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/frisieren

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry frisieren. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ frisieren, verb, ‘to curl, dress the hair,’ Modern High German only, from French friser, which is again derived from the cognates mentioned at the end of the article Fries.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/fressen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry fressen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ fressen, verb, ‘to eat greedily, devour, corrode,’ from Middle High German vrëȥȥen, Old High German frëȥȥen, ‘to eat up, consume, feed,’ of men and ​animals; derived from an earlier *fraëȥȥan, by syncope of the unaccented a, compare Gothic fraïtan, ‘to consume’ (English to fret, ‘to cut away’), with the similarly shortened preterite singular frêt, plural frêtun, for *fraét, *fraêtun. The Gothic verbal prefix occurs in other cases in Old High German as fir, far, Middle High German and Modern High German ver, and from ëȥȥen combined with this ver a new verb, verëȥȥen, is formed in Middle High German with the same meaning as frëȥȥen, which is etymologically equivalent to it. For the verbal prefix see Frevel, ver-.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/frei

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry frei. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ frei, adjective, ‘free, exempt, frank, voluntary,’ from the equivalent Middle High German vrî, Old High German frî; a common Teutonic stem frija-, ‘free’ (unknown only to Scandinavian), which is assumed by Gothic freis (accusative singular, masculine frijana), Anglo-Saxon frî, freó (from frija-), English free, Old Low German frî. From these are formed the abstracts — Gothic freihals, ‘freedom,’ literally ‘having one's neck free,’ Anglo-Saxon freóls, ‘freedom’ (also ‘peace, quiet’; compare freólsdœg, ‘holiday’). Scandinavian frjáls for the non existent *frîr, ‘free,’ is identical with these words, being used as an adjective signifying ‘with a free neck’; akin to Old High German and Middle High German frîhals, ‘freeman.’ A ring around the neck was an Old Teutonic mark of a slave. Although frija- prevails throughout the Teutonic group in its modern sense ‘free,’ to which Welsh ridd, ‘free’ (from prija-), also corresponds, yet there is some evidence that the meanings ‘dear, loved,’ once belonged to the adjective in earliest Teutonic; compare the corresponding abstract Gothic frijaþwa, ‘love,’ Anglo-Saxon freód (for *frijôdus), ‘love, favour,’ Anglo-Saxon frîgu, ‘love’ (also freódryhten, freóbearn); allied to Gothic frijôn, ‘to love,’ mentioned under Freund and Friede. All these derivatives point to a Teutonic root frî, ‘to cherish, spare, treat forbearingly’ (Middle High German vrî-ten, Gothic freidjan, ‘to spare’); frei in an active sense should perhaps be compared with held, which also denoted the relation of the higher to the meaner person. Frei is literally ‘loving, loved, spared.’ This sense is placed beyond doubt by the earlier history of the word — Gothic frija-, from pre-Teutonic priyó-; compare Sanscrit priyâ-s, ‘dear, favourite,’ from the root prî ‘to rejoice, make well-disposed,’ In Old Aryan the feminine of the adjective priyã means ‘spouse,’ also ‘daughter’; to this Old Saxon frî, and Anglo-Saxon freó, ‘wife,’ correspond. With the Sanscrit root prî, Old Slovenian prijaja (prijati), ‘to assist,’ prijateljĭ, ‘friend,’ are also connected. See Freitag, freien, Freund, Friede, Friedhof.