# Spam Control Act 2007

Date of Commencement: 15 June 2007 (S 246/2007)(Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts)
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REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE
ACTS SUPPLEMENT
Published by Authority
First published in the Government Gazette, Electronic Edition, on 30th May 2007 at 5:00 pm.
The following Act was passed by Parliament on 12th April 2007 and assented to by the President on 27th April 2007:—
THE SPAM CONTROL ACT 2007
(No. 21 of 2007)
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
| Section | |
| PART I PRELIMINARY ||
| 1. | Short title and commencement |
| 2. | Interpretation |
| 3. | Meaning of “commercial electronic message” |
| 4. | Meaning of “electronic message” |
| 5. | Meaning of “unsolicited” |
| 6. | Meaning of “sending in bulk” |
| 7. | Application of Act ​ |
| PART II DICTIONARY ATTACK AND ADDRESS HARVESTING SOFTWARE ||
| 8. | Application of this Part |
| 9. | Use of dictionary attack and address harvesting software |
| PART III UNSOLICITED COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC MESSAGES ||
| 10. | Application of this Part |
| 11. | Sender of unsolicited commercial electronic messages in bulk to comply with Second Schedule |
| PART IV CIVIL ACTION ||
| 12. | Aiding, abetting, etc. |
| 13. | Civil action |
| 14. | Injunction and damages for civil action |
| 15. | Costs and expenses |
| PART V MISCELLANEOUS ||
| 16. | Code of practice |
| 17. | Amendment of Schedules |
| 18. | Regulations |
| | First Schedule—Excluded Electronic Messages |
| | Second Schedule—Requirements for Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Messages |
REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE
No. 21 of 2007.
I assent.
J Y PILLAY, President. Person exercising the Functions of the President. 27th April 2007.
An Act to provide for the control of spam, which is unsolicited commercial communications sent in bulk by electronic mail or by text or multi-media messaging to mobile telephone numbers, and to provide for matters connected therewith.
Be it enacted by the President with the advice and consent of the Parliament of Singapore, as follows:
PART I PRELIMINARY
Short title and commencement
1. This Act may be cited as the Spam Control Act 2007 and shall come into operation on such date as the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint.
Interpretation
2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
“address harvesting software” means software that is specifically designed or marketed for use for—
    (a) searching the Internet for electronic addresses; and
    (b) collecting, compiling, capturing or otherwise harvesting those electronic addresses;
“Authority” means the Info-communications Development Authority of Singapore established under section 3 of the Info-communications Development Authority of Singapore Act (Cap. 137A);
“business day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or public holiday;
“dictionary attack” means the method by which the electronic address of a recipient is obtained using an automated means that generates possible electronic addresses by combining names, letters, numbers, punctuation marks or symbols into numerous permutations;
“electronic address” means an electronic mail address or a mobile telephone number to which an electronic message can be sent;
“Internet access service provider” means a person who provides a service to give the public access to the Internet;
“recipient”, in relation to an electronic message, means an authorised user of the electronic address to whom the message is sent, and where a recipient of an electronic message has one or more electronic addresses in addition to the address to which the ​message was sent, the recipient shall be treated as a separate recipient with respect to each such address;
“sender”, in relation to an electronic message, means a person who sends the message, causes the message to be sent, or authorises the sending of the message;
“unsubscribe request” means a request by a recipient of an electronic message, requesting the sender to cease sending any further electronic messages to his electronic address.
Meaning of “commercial electronic message”
3.—(1) In this Act, a commercial electronic message is an electronic message, where, having regard to—
    (a) the content of the message;
    (b) the way in which the message is presented; and
    (c) the content that can be located using the links, telephone numbers or contact information (if any) set out in the message,
it is concluded that the primary purpose of the message is—
    (i) to offer to supply goods or services;
    (ii) to advertise or promote goods or services;
    (iii) to advertise or promote a supplier, or a prospective supplier, of goods or services;
    (iv) to offer to supply land or an interest in land;
    (v) to advertise or promote land or an interest in land;
    (vi) to advertise or promote a supplier, or a prospective supplier, of land or an interest in land;
    (vii) to offer to provide a business opportunity or an investment opportunity;
    (viii) to advertise or promote a business opportunity or an investment opportunity;
    (ix) to advertise or promote a provider, or a prospective provider, of a business opportunity or an investment opportunity;
    (x) to assist or enable a person, by deception, to dishonestly obtain property belonging to another person; ​
    (xi) to assist or enable a person, by deception, to dishonestly obtain a financial advantage from another person; or
    (xii) to assist or enable a person to dishonestly obtain a gain from another person.
(2) For the purposes of paragraphs (i) to (ix) of subsection (1), it is immaterial—
    (a) whether the goods, services, land, interest or opportunity exists; or
    (b) whether it is lawful to acquire the goods, services, land or interest, or take up the opportunity.
(3) Any of the following persons may be the individual who, or entity which, is the sender of the message:
    (a) the supplier or prospective supplier referred to in paragraph (iii) or (vi) of subsection (1);
    (b) the provider or prospective provider referred to in paragraph (ix) of subsection (1);
    (c) the first-mentioned person referred to in paragraph (x), (xi) or (xii) of subsection (1).
(4) Subject to subsection (5), a person who knowingly allows his product or service to be advertised or promoted by a sender shall be deemed to have authorised the sending by the sender of any electronic message that advertises or promotes that person’s product or service.
(5) For the purposes of subsection (4), a person who takes reasonable steps to stop the sending of any electronic message that advertises or promotes that person’s product or service shall be deemed not to have authorised the sending of the message.
Meaning of “electronic message”
4.—(1) In this Act, subject to subsection (3), an electronic message is a message sent to an electronic address.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), it is immaterial—
    (a) whether the electronic address exists; or
    (b) whether the message reaches its intended destination.
​(3) For the purposes of this Act, a message is not an electronic message if it is sent by way of a voice call made using a telephone service.
Meaning of “unsolicited”
5.—(1) In this Act, an electronic message is unsolicited if the recipient did not—
    (a) request to receive the message; or
    (b) consent to the receipt of the message.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a recipient shall not be treated as having requested to receive the message or consented to the receipt of the message merely because the electronic address of the recipient was given or published by or on behalf of the recipient.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (1), where a recipient of an electronic message, other than an unsolicited electronic message, submits an unsubscribe request, he shall not be treated as having requested to receive or consented to the receipt of any message sent after the expiration of 10 business days after the day on which the unsubscribe request is submitted.
Meaning of “sending in bulk”
6.—(1) For the purposes of this Act, electronic messages shall be deemed to be sent in bulk if a person sends, causes to be sent or authorises the sending of—
    (a) more than 100 electronic messages containing the same or similar subject-matter during a 24-hour period;
    (b) more than 1,000 electronic messages containing the same or similar subject-matter during a 30-day period; or
    (c) more than 10,000 electronic messages containing the same or similar subject-matter during a one-year period.
(2) The Minister may, by order published in the Gazette, vary the number of electronic messages specified in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c).
Application of Act
7.—(1) This Act shall not apply unless an electronic message has a Singapore link.
​(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), an electronic message has a Singapore link in the following circumstances:
    (a) the message originates in Singapore;
    (b) the sender of the message is—
       (i) an individual who is physically present in Singapore when the message is sent; or
       (ii) an entity whose central management and control is in Singapore when the message is sent;
    (c) the computer, mobile telephone, server or device that is used to access the message is located in Singapore;
    (d) the recipient of the message is—
       (i) an individual who is physically present in Singapore when the message is accessed; or
       (ii) an entity that carries on business or activities in Singapore when the message is accessed; or
    (e) if the message cannot be delivered because the relevant electronic address has ceased to exist (assuming that the electronic address existed), it is reasonably likely that the message would have been accessed using a computer, mobile telephone, server or device located in Singapore.
(3) Notwithstanding subsection (1), this Act shall not apply to any electronic message specified in the First Schedule to such extent as may be specified therein.
PART II DICTIONARY ATTACK AND ADDRESS HARVESTING SOFTWARE
Application of this Part
8. This Part shall apply to all electronic messages, whether or not they are unsolicited commercial electronic messages.
​Use of dictionary attack and address harvesting software
9. No person shall send, cause to be sent, or authorise the sending of, an electronic message to electronic addresses generated or obtained through the use of—
    (a) a dictionary attack; or
    (b) address harvesting software.
PART III UNSOLICITED COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC MESSAGES
Application of this Part
10. This Part shall apply only to unsolicited commercial electronic messages.
Sender of unsolicited commercial electronic messages in bulk to comply with Second Schedule
11. Any person who sends, causes to be sent or authorises the sending of unsolicited commercial electronic messages in bulk shall comply with the requirements in the Second Schedule.
PART IV CIVIL ACTION
Aiding, abetting, etc.
12.—(1) No person shall—
    (a) aid, abet or procure a contravention of section 9 or 11;
    (b) induce, whether by threats, promises or otherwise, a
    (c) be in any way, directly or indirectly, knowingly concerned in or a party to, a contravention of section 9 or 11; or
    (d) conspire with others to effect a contravention of section 9 or 11.
(2) A person does not contravene subsection (1), section 9 or 11 merely because he provides, or operates facilities for, online services or network ​access, or provides services relating to, or provides connections for, the transmission or routing of data.
Civil action
13.—(1) Where there is a contravention of section 9 or 11 in relation to electronic messages sent to electronic addresses, any person, who has suffered loss or damage as a direct or an indirect result of such contravention, may commence an action in a court against—
    (a) the sender; or
    (b) a person who has contravened section 12(1).
(2) This section shall not affect any liability that any person has under any other written law or rule of law.
Injunction and damages for civil action
14.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, in an action under section 13(1), the types of relief that the court may grant include the following:
    (a) an injunction (subject to such terms, if any, as the court thinks fit);
    (b) damages;
    (c) statutory damages under subsection (3).
(2) The types of relief referred to in paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection (1) are mutually exclusive.
(3) In any action under section 13(1), the plaintiff shall be entitled, at his election, to—
    (a) damages in the amount of the loss or damage suffered by the plaintiff as a direct or an indirect result of the contravention referred to in section 13(1); or
    (b) statutory damages—
       (i) not exceeding $25 for each electronic message referred to in section 13(1); and
       (ii) not exceeding in the aggregate $1 million, unless the plaintiff proves that his actual loss from such electronic messages exceeds $1 million.
​(4) In awarding statutory damages under subsection (3)(b), the court shall have regard to—
    (a) whether the contravention by the defendant of section 9, 11 or 12(1) was wilful;
    (b) any loss or damage that the plaintiff has suffered or is likely to suffer as a direct or an indirect result of the contravention referred to in section 13(1);
    (c) any benefit shown to have accrued to the defendant by reason of the sending of electronic messages;
    (d) the need to deter other similar instances of sending of electronic messages; and
    (e) all other relevant matters.
(5) The loss referred to in this section includes any pecuniary loss suffered as a direct or an indirect result of the contravention referred to in section 13(1).
Costs and expenses
15. In any proceedings under this Act, the court may, in addition to exercising the powers conferred by section 14, order the defendant to pay to the plaintiff the costs and expenses of and incidental to the proceedings, and any legal costs incurred in respect of the proceedings.
PART V MISCELLANEOUS
Code of practice
16.—(1) Internet access service providers and telecommunications service providers may, with the approval of the Authority, issue a code of practice in connection with—
    (a) minimum standards of technical measures to effectively control the sending of unsolicited commercial electronic messages; and
    (b) such other matters as the Authority may require.
(2) Every Internet access service provider and telecommunications service provider shall comply with any code of practice approved by the ​Authority under subsection (1), except that if any provision in any such code of practice is inconsistent with this Act, that provision shall not have effect to the extent of the inconsistency.
Amendment of Schedules
17.—(1) The Minister may at any time, by order published in the Gazette, amend any Schedule.
(2) The Minister may, in any order made under subsection (1), make such incidental, consequential or supplementary provisions as may be necessary or expedient.
Regulations
18. The Minister may make such regulations as may be necessary or expedient for carrying out the purposes and provisions of this Act and for prescribing anything that may be required or authorised to be prescribed by this Act.
FIRST SCHEDULE
Section 7(3)
EXCLUDED ELECTRONIC MESSAGES
1. This Act does not apply to any electronic message where the sending of the message is authorised by the Government or a statutory body on the occurrence of any public emergency, in the public interest or in the interests of public security or national defence.
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, if any doubt arises as to the existence of a public emergency or as to whether any electronic message is sent in the interests of public security or national defence, a certificate signed by the Minister shall be conclusive evidence of the matters stated therein.
SECOND SCHEDULE
Section 11
REQUIREMENTS FOR UNSOLICITED COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC MESSAGES
Interpretation
1. In this Schedule—
“header information” means the source, destination and routing information attached to an electronic message, including, where applicable, the originating domain name and originating electronic mail address, and any other information that appears in the line identifying, or purporting to identify, the sender of the message;
“mistake” means reasonable mistake of fact.
Unsubscribe facility
2.—(1) Subject to sub-paragraphs (2) and (3), every unsolicited commercial electronic message shall contain—
    (a) an electronic mail address, an Internet location address, a telephone number, a facsimile number or a postal address that the recipient may use to submit an unsubscribe request; and
    (b) a statement to the effect that the recipient may use the electronic mail address, Internet location address, telephone number, facsimile number or postal address, as the case may be, provided in the unsolicited commercial electronic message to submit an unsubscribe request, or a statement to similar effect.
(2) Where the unsolicited commercial electronic message is received by the recipient by electronic mail, the unsolicited commercial electronic message shall include an electronic mail address to which the recipient may submit an unsubscribe request.
(3) Where the unsolicited commercial electronic message is received by the recipient by text or multi-media messaging sent to a mobile telephone number, the unsolicited commercial electronic message shall include—
    (a) a mobile telephone number to which the recipient may submit an unsubscribe request by text if the unsolicited commercial electronic message is received by text; or
    (b) a mobile telephone number to which the recipient may submit an unsubscribe request by text or multi-media messaging at the recipient’s option if the unsolicited commercial electronic message is received by multimedia messaging.
(4) The statement referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(b) shall be presented— ​
    (a) in a clear and conspicuous manner; and
    (b) in the English language and where the statement is presented in two or more languages, the English language shall be one of the languages.
(5) The electronic mail address, Internet location address, telephone number, facsimile number or postal address referred to in sub-paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) shall be—
    (a) valid and capable of receiving—
       (i) the recipient’s unsubscribe request (if any); and
       (ii) a reasonable number of similar unsubscribe requests sent by other recipients (if any),
    at all times during a period of at least 30 days after the unsolicited commercial electronic message is sent; and
    (b) legitimately obtained.
(6) The use of the electronic mail address, Internet location address, telephone number, facsimile number or postal address referred to in sub-paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) to submit an unsubscribe request shall not cost more than the usual cost of using that kind or a similar kind of electronic mail address, Internet location address, telephone number, facsimile number or postal address, as the case may be, using the same kind of technology as was used to receive the unsolicited commercial electronic message.
(7) Where a recipient submits an unsubscribe request using the facility provided pursuant to this paragraph, no further unsolicited commercial electronic messages shall be sent after the expiration of 10 business days after the day on which the unsubscribe request is submitted.
(8) Any person who receives an unsubscribe request under this paragraph shall not disclose any information contained in the unsubscribe request to any other person, except with the consent of the person whose particulars are contained in the unsubscribe request.
(9) Sub-paragraphs (1) to (7) shall not apply if the unsolicited commercial electronic message is sent, caused to be sent or authorised to be sent by mistake.
Labelling and other requirements
3.—(1) Every unsolicited commercial electronic message shall contain—
    (a) where there is a subject field, a title in the subject field and that title is not false or misleading as to the content of the message;
    (b) the letters “<ADV>” with a space before the title in the subject field, or if there is no subject field, in the words first appearing in the message, to clearly identify that the message is an advertisement;
    (c) header information that is not false or misleading; and ​
    (d) an accurate and functional electronic mail address or telephone number by which the sender can be readily contacted.
(2) Sub-paragraph (1) shall not apply if the unsolicited commercial electronic message is sent, caused to be sent or authorised to be sent by mistake.
This work is Singaporean legislation (Act of Parliament or subsidiary legislation), which is copyrighted in Singapore for 70 years after publication pursuant to
* sections 114(1) and 136(1)(b) of the Copyright Act 2021, or
* section 197(3)(b) of the repealed Copyright Act (Cap. 63, 2006 Rev. Ed.) for legislation published before 21 November 2021.
However, as an edict of a government, it is in the public domain in the U.S.
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