OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Perth gazette, and independent journal of politics and news/Volume 3/7 June 1850

The arrival of the Scindian with the first batch of convicts and the staff of officers for the formation of the Penal Establishment took place on Saturday last, the 22nd anniversary of the foundation of the colony — a curious coincidence and a very fit day for the commencement of the new order of things. She has had a quick passage of 88 days from Portsmouth, which she left on the 4th March. The number of passengers is 277, of which seven are cabin, including Dr Gibson, R.N., Surgeon Superintendent, Capt. Henderson, R.E., Superintendent of the Convict Establishment, lady and child, Mr and Mrs Dickson and two children, Mr and Mrs Manning and two children; steerage, 75 convicts, 54 pensioners with wives and families and 14 emigrant young women.
The Scindian is the first of four vessels taken up by the Home Government for the conveyance of convicts hither, one to sail each month during the three following months.
# The Perth gazette, and independent journal of politics and news/Volume 5

Issue numbers need to be listed for this volume, and the following date needs to be allocated to an issue number:
# The New International Encyclopædia/New River

See also the disclaimer.
​NEW RIVER. A river of West Virginia. See Great Kanawha.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Way to Pay Old Debts, A

Edition of 1905. See also A New Way to Pay Old Debts on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ NEW WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS, A. A play by Massinger, printed in 1632. It was written probably in 1625. Fletcher has been credited with a share in it, but his part, if any, was slight. It was the most popular of Massinger's plays, and was acted until recent times.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Red Sandstone

See also New Red Sandstone on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NEW RED SANDSTONE. A large series of reddish-colored loams, shales, and sandstones, occurring between the Carboniferous and the Middle Triassic formations, were grouped together under this name, in contradistinction to the Old Red Sandstone group, which lies below the coal measures, and has a similar mineral structure. It has been found, however, that two very distinct periods were included under this name; and the contained fossils of each group were found to be so remarkably different that the one period was referred to the Paleozoic system, under the name of Permian (q.v.). while the other was determined to belong to the Triassic system (q.v.). The name is no longer used in the United States.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Ulm

Edition of 1905. See also New Ulm, Minnesota on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NEW ULM. A city and the county-seat of Brown County, Minn., 26 miles west by north of Mankato; on the Minnesota River, and on the Chicago and Northwestern and the Minneapolis and Saint Louis railroads (Map: Minnesota, D 6). It has a handsome court house, Saint Alexander Hospital, a public library and high school and Turnverein libraries, Saint Michael's Academy, and Dr. Martin Luther College (Lutheran). New Ulm is the centre of a rich agricultural and stock-raising section, and carries on considerable trade. Its industrial establishments comprise grain elevators and flour mills, breweries, cigar factories, brick plants, machine shops, cooperage shops, and manufactories of pipe organs, woolens, pottery, and creamery products. Under a revised charter of 1891, the government is vested in a mayor, elected biennially, and a council. There are municipal water-works and electric-light plants. Settled in 1854, New Ulm was incorporated in 1876. It was in 1862 the scene of an Indian massacre. A memorial has been erected to the citizen soldiers killed by the Indians, and on Hermann Heights is a fine monument in honor of Hermann (Arminius). Population, in 1890, 3741; in 1900, 5403.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Westminster

Edition of 1905. See also New Westminster on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ NEW WEST′MINSTER. The former capital and one of the chief cities of the Province of British Columbia, Canada, on Fraser River, in the midst of the gold region, 15 miles above the mouth of the river, 75 miles northeast of Victoria (Map: British Columbia, E 5). The river at this point is about a mile wide and contains several inhabited islands. The terminus of the Great Northern Railway via Blaine is on the opposite bank. The city is the centre of considerable tracts of arable land, is delightfully located, has a fine climate, and a heavy rainfall. Its leading industry is salmon fishing, several establishments exporting the fish in cans and barrels. Other kinds of fish are caught for this trade. Fish oil is manufactured. New Westminster has also a large traffic in lumber and furs, a woolen mill, foundries, iron works, machine and carriage factories, etc. Anthracite and bituminous coal are exported. There are, in the city, Methodist and Roman Catholic colleges, the provincial asylum for the insane, the Dominion penitentiary, and public library; and New Westminster has municipal water-works, electric lights, an electric street railroad, and public parks. Population, in 1891, 6678; in 1901, 6499.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Providence

See also New Providence on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NEW PROV′IDENCE. The most important, although one of the smallest, of the Bahama Islands. It is situated between Eleuthera and Andros islands, 170 miles from the southeast coast of Florida (Map: West Indies, J 2), and has an area of 85 square miles. In physical features it resembles the other Bahamas (q.v.), but it alone has a good harbor, and on it is the town of Nassau (q.v.), the capital of the islands. The first English settlement in the Bahamas was founded on New Providence in 1629.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New Sweden

Edition of 1905. See also New Sweden on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ NEW SWE′DEN. The early name of the region between New York and Virginia.
# The New International Encyclopædia/New York, College of the City of

Edition of 1905. See also City University of New York on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ NEW YORK, College of the City of. A public institution of learning in New York City, established by the Board of Education of the city in 1848, and originally known as the Free Academy. Collegiate powers were granted to it in 1858, and in 1866 it assumed its present name. The members of the Board of Education were ex-officio trustees of the college until in 1900 a separate board of trustees was created, composed of nine members appointed by the Mayor, with the president of the college and the president of the Board of Education as ex-officio members. In 1882 the requirement of one year's previous attendance at the public schools of the city was repealed, and the college was thrown open to all young men of the city. In 1900 the length of the course was increased from five years to seven, comprising three years' attendance in the preparatory department and four years of collegiate work. There are five courses of study, leading to the degrees of B.A. or B.S. The M.A. and M.S. degrees are conferred after two years of additional study. Instruction and the use of text-books and apparatus are free to students. The college was one of the first institutions to establish a separate chair of English and to make manual training a part of the curriculum. In 1902 the process of securing a new site for the college, then situated at Lexington Avenue and Twenty-third Street, was completed. The new home of the college is located in the block bounded by 138th and l40th streets, Saint Nicholas Terrace, and Convent Avenue. Ground was broken on March 10, 1903, and the erection of new buildings, estimated to cost $4,000,000, was begun. In 1903 the collegiate department had an attendance of 817, and the preparatory department 997. The instructors numbered 110. The buildings and grounds on the old site were valued at $846,500, and the new grounds at $800,000, the total value of the college property being $1,646,500, and its income $299,362. The library contained 34,911 volumes and 2000 pamphlets. During the first half century of the history of the institution there were but two presidents. Horace Webster (1848-69) and Gen. Alexander S. Webb (1869-1901), both graduates of West Point, and the discipline and curriculum have been greatly influenced by that institution. In 1903 John Huston Finley, professor of politics at Princeton University, became president.
# The Pentamerone, or The Story of Stories/Third Day

Third Day.
Ere all the Shades, imprisoned by the tribunal of Night, were liberated by the visit of the Sun, the Prince and his wife, together with the women, returned to the customary spot, to pass pleasantly the hours from morning until dinner-time. Then they summoned the musicians, and began to dance with great delight the 'Roggiero,' 'Villanella,' 'The story of the Ogre,' 'Sfessania,' 'The countryman thrashed,' 'The whole day long with that Dove,' 'Blue-bottle Fly,' 'Nymphs' Dance,' 'The Gipsy,' 'The Coquette,' 'My bright Star,' 'My sweet amorous flame,' 'She whom I seek,' 'The pretty girl and the pretty little girl,' 'Up and down,' 'The Chiaranzana,' 'Take care of him who enamours me,' 'The clouds that skim through the air,' 'The Devil in a shirt,' 'To live upon hope,' 'Change hands,' 'The ​Cascarda,' 'Spagnoletta,' concluding the dances with Lucia Canazza, to amuse the Slave. Thus the time ran swiftly away, and ere they were aware the dinner-hour had arrived, when there appeared all the good things under heaven, which may perhaps be eaten still. And when the tables were removed, Zeza, who was on thorns of impatience to tell her story, began in the following manner.
# The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale (Chaucer)

part of The Canterbury Tales
* The Pardoner Tale (1900) from The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer
* The Pardoner’s Tale from The Canterbury Tales and Faerie Queene (1870) (transcription project)
* The Pardoner’s Tale from The Canterbury tales of Geoffrey Chaucer (1914) (transcription project)
* The Pardoner’s Tale from (unsourced)
# The Paris Commune

Part of the Arm and Hammer Series ed. by Lucien Sanial
ARM AND HAMMER SERIES Edited by Lucien Sanial
THE PARIS COMMUNE
Karl Marx.
Copyright, 1902 by New York Labor News Company
page
THE PARIS COMMUNE
INCLUDING
The "First Manifesto of the International on the Franco-Prussian War," the Second Manifesto of the International on the Franco-Prussian War," "The Civil War in France"
BY
KARL MARX
Author of "Capital," "Poverty of Philosophy," "Value, Price, and Profit," "Wage-Labor and Capital," "Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte," etc.
WITH INTRODUCTION BY FREDERICK ENGELS
PREFACE AND NOTES TO THE AMERICAN EDITION BY LUCIEN SANIAL
NEW YORK NEW YORK LABOR NEWS COMPANY, 1902
THE BALANCE-SHEET OF BOURGEOIS VENGEANCE.
Twenty-five thousand men, women, and children killed during the battle or after; three thousand at least dead in the prisons, the pontoons, the forts, or in consequence of maladies contracted during their captivity; thirteen thousand seven hundred condemned, most of them for life; seventy thousand women, children, and old men deprived of their natural supporters or thrown out of France; one hundred and eleven thousand victims at least. That is the balance-sheet of the bourgeois vengeance for the solitary insurrection of the eighteenth of March.
What a lesson of revolutionary vigor given to the workingmen! The governing classes shoot in a lump without taking the trouble to select hostages. Their vengeance lasts not an hour; neither years nor victims appease it; they make of it an administrative function, methodical and continuous.
Lissagaray's "History of the Commune of 1871."
page
CONTENTS
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1927, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 96 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Parasitic Hand

* "The Parasitic Hand" in Weird Tales, 8 (5) (November 1926)
* "The Parasitic Hand" in Weird Tales, 24 (2) (August 1934)
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Wundt - Zur Frage des Bewusstseinsumfanges

Phil. Stud. = Philosophische Studien
Against the attack of F. Schumann (Zeitschrift für Psych, und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, II, 116), Wundt seeks to justify and strengthen his views in regard to the number of impressions which can be simultaneously held in consciousness. Wundt's position is that if a series of impressions a b c d . . . m is apprehended as equal to another series immediately preceding it, the series must be given in consciousness as a simultaneous whole. That is, if a is the first impression and m the last, m must arise in consciousness before a vanishes, ​Schumann maintains that the percepts of the series can exist only singly in consciousness: firstly, because he finds this to be the case by introspection; secondly, because from the principle that like successive impressions arouse nervous discharges in the same central organ, it follows that each psycho-physical process arising from the stimuli of the series would coalesce with the effects remaining over from the preceding stimulus. Hence, only single percepts could come into consciousness, and the process of comparison of the two series consists in the holding the first series in memory, while the recurring members of the second are checked off against those of the first — one after another.
As corroborative of his own view, Wundt recalls the fact that immediately after the ending of the first series, and just as the second begins, one has a perfectly clear feeling whether one will or will not be able to compare the two, and asserts that his introspection shows him that the series can exist as a whole, remarking, however, that it is a dubious business to dispute about results of self-observation when there is no objective test to decide the question. Wundt considers the comparisons of series of successive impressions as an especially pronounced case of the action of the feelings given in sudden acts of recognition.
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Wreschner - Ernst Platner's und Kant's Erkenntnisstheorie

Z. f. Ph. = Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik
Three editions of Ernst Platner's chief philosophical work, Philosophical Aphorisms, appeared between 1776 and 1800. The second edition was published in 1784, and, as it was nearly completed before the publication of Kant's K. d. r. V., it does not show any great influence of this latter. The third edition, as a result of this influence, however, was very much modified, and, as P. said in his preface, the work appeared in a completely changed form. Besides the K. d. r. V., Tetens's Philosophical Essays seem to have exerted a great influence upon P. This influence is especially prominent in the modification which the second edition received. It is also shown, when in the third edition P. protests against Kant's separation of sense and understanding. Tetens, although discriminating between feeling and perception, and showing the former to be a passive modification of the mind, while the latter involves a judgment, yet repeatedly insisted that both have one origin. He sought to show that all activities of the mind, feeling, understanding, and will, are of the same nature, and are only distinguished from each other by degree. Schulze's Aenesidemus also seems to have made a great impression upon P. The scepticism of the third edition seems to owe ​its origin in great measure to this work. Although P. owes more to Kant in the third edition than to either of these works, yet he takes up a critical attitude to the firm foundations and exact boundaries which the latter professes to have found for knowledge in the Æsthetic and Analytic. It is also clear that, although influenced by Kant, he sought to find an independent position for himself. As he said, Kant's writings gave him "matter for consideration and stimulus for controversy."
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Wlassak - Zur Psychologie der Landschaft

V. f. w. Ph. = Vierteljahrschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie
The effect of landscape upon the mind is characterized by a peculiar feeling of significance not explained by the separate objects that meet the eye. What is the content of this unexplained element? The basal feeling in landscape-presentation is that of environment pure and simple — of the not-me. This element is due to nature's independence of us — an independence not ascribed to the walls and furniture of our rooms. But the awe or fear naturally accompanying the sense of outwardness is modified by the fact that a landscape does not confine our thoughts, which may pass at will into the illimitable beyond; thus the scene becomes after all an extension of ourself. The sense of meaning ​in landscape depends on the connection of self and not-self through the relation of nature to the maintenance of physical and psychical life. Whether the feeling is primary or due to association can be only probably determined, owing to our ignorance of the elements of psychical life. But it seems likely that it has no direct connection with particular sense-experiences in the past, except so far as similarity of colors, space-relations, etc., is necessary to preserve the continuity of presentations. If it were determined by association, the sense of the illimitable would be absent, and agreement of feeling between individuals merely accidental, since the state of each would depend on associations peculiar to himself. We must then suppose that not association but something primary in nerve-structure lies at the root of the sense of significance in landscape, and that the latter depends on a dim and diffused consciousness of the effect of light, air, color, space, in their favorable and unfavorable influences upon life. To the analysis of this state of consciousness our knowledge is, of course, inadequate. This suggests only the universal elements of landscape presentation, which is really the assemblage of sense-perceptions under selective direction of certain subjective factors. These factors are related not chiefly to particular elements of consciousness, as in association, though associative links of course have their part, but rather to the temperament and mood of the observer. Further, the process of landscape-presentation normally converges to a dominant aspect, in most cases connected with the observer's personal activity. This final phase of the scene, in which all the elements are resolved into harmony, may centre round an idea, an event, or a personality.
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Tscherning - Beiträge zur Dioptrik des Auges

Z. f. Ps. u. Phys. d. Sinn. = Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane
A careful paper, belonging rather to the domain of physiological than of psychological optics, though containing observations which are of interest to the psychologist in connection with the question of the nature of the field of vision.
# The Philosophical Review/Volume 1/Summary: Zeller - Noch ein Wort über die Abfassungszeit des platonischen Theätet

Ar. f. G. Ph. = Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie
Z. had treated this subject in the Archiv, IV, 189 ff. In reply to this E. Rohde published an article in Philologus N. F., IV, 1-12. The present article is written in reply to Rohde. The one point taken up for consideration is Theait. 1 74 E f., where Plato speaks of people who boast of twenty-five ancestors and who trace their genealogy back to Herakles, the son of Amphitryon. From this and even 174 D, Rohde tries to show that the Theaitetos must be later than the Euagoras of Isokrates. Bergk and Rohde see in the man with twenty-five ancestors a Spartan king. In order to make use of the passage in this way Z. says three conditions must first be fulfilled: 1) we must know whether the king here mentioned speaks really of twenty-five ancestors, and whether he does not reckon himself as the twenty-fifth from Herakles; 2) we must be able to say whether, amongst the twenty-five ancestors, Amphitryon is counted or not; 3) we must be in possession of the list of ancestors on which the king based his count. Of these three points not one can be fixed with certainty. This had been proven of the first two points by Z. in Ar. IV, 201 f. He asks in reference to 3) whether we can restore the list from the catalogues of Spartan kings, furnished us by Pausanias and Herodotus. Z. answers this negatively, and points out that the lists of Pausanias and Herodotus, in some instances decisive for the reckoning of the πρόγονοι, contradict each other. Z. believes the king here referred to is Agesipolis I, of whose twenty-five predecessors, from and including Herakles, twenty-two were his direct ancestors, and of the remaining three, two were brothers, and one a brother's son of a direct ancestor. After an investigation of the notion πρόγονος, in which Z. shows it to mean both predecessor in office and forefather, he says that from this passage of the Theaitetos, taken by itself, the date of composition cannot be determined, because too many doubtful hypotheses must be associated with it. It can be of weight only when taken with other less doubtful evidences of the date. The probable date, as Z. believes he has elsewhere proven, and which is in harmony with this passage, is 391 B.C., in the time of Agesipolis I.
# The Picture of Little T.C. in a Prospect of Flowers
### I

See with what simplicity This Nimph begins her golden daies! In the green Grass she loves to lie, And there with her fair Aspect tames The Wilder flow'rs, and gives them names: But only with the Roses playes;  And them does tell What Colour best becomes them, and what Smell.

### II

Who can foretel for what high cause This Darling of the Gods was born! Yet this is She whose chaster Laws The wanton Love shall one day fear, And, under her command severe, See his Bow broke and Ensigns torn.  Happy, who can Appease this virtuous Enemy of Man!

### III

O then let me in time compound, And parly with those conquering Eyes; Ere they have try'd their force to wound, Ere, with their glancing wheels, they drive In Triumph over Hearts that strive, And them that yield but more despise.  Let me be laid, Where I may see thy Glories from some Shade.

### IV

Mean time, whilst every verdant thing It self does at thy Beauty charm, Reform the errours of the Spring; Make that the Tulips may have share Of sweetness, seeing they are fair; And Roses of their thorns disarm:  But most procure That Violets may a longer Age endure.

### V

But O young beauty of the Woods, Whom Nature courts with fruits and flow'rs, Gather the Flow'rs, but spare the Buds; Lest Flora angry at thy crime, To kill her Infants in their prime, Do quickly make th' Example Yours;  And, ere we see, Nip in the blossome all our hopes and Thee.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Pictures

Ludwig Tieck's novella The Pictures (Die Gemälde) was first published in 1822 in Wendt's Taschenbuch zum geselligen Vergnügen.
* SECTION I
* SECTION II
* SECTION III
* SECTION IV
* SECTION V
* SECTION VI
* SECTION VII
* SECTION VIII
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.