OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hannibal, Thomas

1904 Errata appended.
​HANNIBAL, THOMAS (d. 1531), judge, was incepted in the canon law at the university of Cambridge in 1504, and the same year was installed prebendary of Gevendale in the church of York. He was incorporated D.C.L. at Oxford in 1513, and graduated LL.D. at Cambridge, and received the appointment of vicar-general to Silvester, bishop of Worcester, in the following year. He entered the service of Wolsey, for whom he conducted negotiations with the Easterling merchants at Bruges in 1515, and with the merchants of the Hanse at the same place in 1520. On 9 March 1521-2 he was commissioned to treat, on behalf of Henry VIII, for a league offensive and defensive with the emperor Charles V and John, king of Portugal. He reached Saragossa, where the pope was then staying, on 9 May 1522, was admitted to an audience by the pontiff, and made a favourable impression by an eloquent oration, in which he descanted on the devotion of his master to the holy see. The negotiations, however, came to nothing. He was subsequently transferred to Home, where he remained as ambassador between March 1522-3 and June 1524. From his despatches during this period it appears that his diplomacy was chiefly directed to securing for Wolsey an enlargement of his powers as legate, in which he was partially successful. On the death of Adrian VI (14 Sept. 1523) he exerted himself actively in promoting the candidature of Giulio de' Medici, who ultimately succeeded to the papacy as Clement VII. On 24 May 1524 he was commissioned, jointly with Clerk and Pace, to treat for a peace or truce with France by the mediation of the pope. On 3 June he left Rome for England, bearing with him the sacred rose, which he presented to Henry at Ampthill in October. While still in Rome he had, on 9 Oct. 1523, been ​appointed master of the rolls. In January 1526 he received a grant of an annuity of 37l. 4s. 7d. On 5 Sept. of the same year he was placed on the committee of the privy council to which legal business was specially assigned. He resigned the office of master of the rolls on 26 June 1527, and died in 1531. Hannibal was the author of a preface to the 1509 edition of the 'Pica, sive Directorium Sacerdotum' of the church of York, and of an unpublished 'Disquisition of the three following questions: 1. Whether the mother of the King being a woman is qualified to act as regent. 2. Whether a captive is the servant of his captor. 3. That parents or kinsmen are bound to redeem a captive, and the latter bound by the conditions they make' (Sloane MS. Calig. D. ix. 120).
[Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr.; Le Neve's Fasti Eccl. Angl. iii. 189; Wood's Fasti, ed. Bliss, i. 39; Letters and Papers, For. and Dom. Henry VIII, i. 863, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 262, vol. iii. pt. i. p. 359, pt. ii. pp. 879, 952. 1223, 1416, 1495, vol. iv. pt. i. pp. 7, 146, 147, 175, 274, 318, 604, 870, pt. ii. p. 1458, vol. v. p. 191.]
J. M. R.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.146 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hansard, Thomas Curson

​HANSARD, THOMAS CURSON (1776–1833), printer, eldest son of Luke Hansard [q. v.], was born in London 6 Nov. 1776. For some years he was in his father's office, and in 1805 took over the business of Mr. Rickaby in Peterborough Court in the city of London. He moved to new premises in 1823, and established the Paternoster Row Press. His name has become famous from the 'Parliamentary Debates,' which he began to print in 1803. Since 1889 the 'Debates' have been produced by the Hansard Publishing Union, Limited. Hansard suffered imprisonment, 9 July 1810, as printer of the famous libel dealing with military flogging in Cobbett's 'Political Register.' He wrote 'Typographia, an Historical Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the Art of Printing; with Practical Directions for conducting every department in an Office, with a description of Stereotype and Lithography,' London, 1825, 8vo, with a woodcut portrait of the author. The practical portion of the book was re-edited in 1869 by G. Challoner. Hansard took out a patent for the improvement of the handpress. At one time he was a member of the common council of the city of London. Hedied in Chatham Place, Blackfriars, 14 May 1833, leaving several children. His eldest son, Thomas Curson Hansard, barrister, has written some books on the history of printing, sometimes attributed to the father.
[Gent. Mag. June 1833, p. 569; Ann. Reg. 1833; Timperley's Encyclopædia, pp. 839, 857, 928; Bigmore and Wyman's Bibliography of Printing, i. 301-5.]
H. R. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hanneman, Adriaen

​HANNEMAN, ADRIAEN (1601?–1668?), painter, born at the Hague about 1601, was admitted in 1619 to the guild of St. Luke at the Hague, as a pupil of Antony van Ravesteyn. He is also stated to have been a pupil of or assistant to Daniel Mytens [q. v.], his fellow-townsman, and he may have accompanied him to England. Hanneman was in England for sixteen years during the reign of Charles I. He is usually stated to have copied the manner and colouring of Vandyck, but he possessed a forcible and effective style of his own, which gives him high rank among portrait-painters. While in London he was an unsuccessful suitor for the daughter of Nicasius Russel, niece of Cornelius Jansen the painter ; Vertue saw a picture of Jansen with his wife and daughter by Hanneman in the possession of Antony Russel. About 1640 Hanneman returned to the Hague and became one of the leading painters there. He was employed to paint an allegorical figure of 'Peace' for the state council chamber, and others of 'Justice' and 'Mars' for the chamber of finance at the Hague. Hanneman was appointed the first director of the new guild of St. Luke, constituted in 1656. Hanneman was especially patronised by William II of Orange and his wife Mary, daughter of Charles I. He painted their portraits (including one of Mary painted in 1660, now at St. James's Palace, and engraved in mezzotint by W. Faithorne, jun.) and others of the exiled court at the Hague, among them being one of Charles II (engraved by H. Danckerts). There are portraits by Hanneman of Charles II and the Duke of Hamilton (painted in 1650) at Windsor Castle; of William III as a boy (1664), Peter Oliver, and Mary, princess of Orange, at Hampton Court ; of Charles I and of Vandyck at Vienna ; of William Frederick of Orange at Weimar; of Constantyn Huygens and family at the Hague ; of Jan de Witt at Rotterdam. A portrait, said to be of Andrew Marvell, painted by him in 1658, was exhibited at the National Portrait Exhibition in 1866. Hanneman's portrait of Sir Edward Nicholas (1654) was engraved by A. Hertocks, and his portrait of Mr. Honywood is in the library of Lincoln Cathedral. He occasionally painted subject pictures. Various portraits of himself are recorded. One was engraved by Bannerman in Walpole's 'Anecdotes of Painting,' and another was engraved as after Vandyck. Hanneman died at the Hague in 1668 or 1669. A son William Hanneman, was buried in the church of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, London, in 1641.
[Immerzeel's Diet, of Dutch and Flemish Artists, and Kramm's continuation of the same; Seguier's Dict. of Painters; Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting; Obreen's Archief voor Nederlandsche Kunstgeschiedenis, vols. iii. and iv.; Champlin and Perkins's Dict. of Artists.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hannes, Edward

​HANNES, Sir EDWARD, M.D. (d. 1710), physician, was the son of Edward Hannes of Devizes, Wiltshire. Peter Le Neve, who questioned Hannes's right to bear arms, states that his father 'kept an herb shop in bloomsbury mercate' (Pedigrees of Knights, Harl. Soc., p. 491). In 1678 he was admitted on the foundation at Westminster School, whence he was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1682 (Welch, Alumni Westmon., 1852, pp. 183. 196). He graduated B. A. in 1686 and M. A. in 1689. He contributed to the collections of Oxford poems on the death of Charles II in 1685, and on William III's return from Ireland in 1690 (reprinted in 'Musarum Anglicanarum Analecta'). In 1688 he assisted William King (1663–1712) [q. v.] in writing (Reflections on Mr. Varillas his history of Heresy, Book 1, Tome 1, as far as relates to English Matters, more especially those of Wicliff,' printed probably at ​Amsterdam, 12mo, 1688 (Wood, Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iv. 667-8). Addison addressed a Latin poem to him.
Hannes succeeded Robert Plot as reader in chemistry at Oxford in 1690. At the entertainment given to Ashmole by the vice-chancellor and heads of houses in the Museum at Oxford on 17 July 1690, Hannes addressed Ashmole in an eloquent speech. He proceeded M.B. in 1691 and M.D. in 1695; attended William, duke of Gloucester, at his death on 30 July 1700 (Luttrell, Relation of State Affairs, 1857, iv. 672), and published an account of the dissection of the body. For this account he was ridiculed in a satirical poem entitled 'Doctor Hannes dissected in a familiar epistle by way of Nosce Teipsum,' fol., London, 1700. He became physician to Queen Anne in June 1702 (ib. v. 184), and was knighted at Windsor Castle on 29 July 1705 (Townsend, Cat. of Knights, 1660-1760, p. 33). He died on 22 July 1710, in the parish of St. Anne, Westminster (Luttrell, vi. 609; Probate Act Book, P. C. C., 1710, fol. 130), and was buried beside his wife at Shillingford, Berkshire, where there is a monument to his memory (Lysons, Mag. Brit. vol. i. pt. ii. Berkshire, p. 361). He married (articles dated 30 Sept. 1698) Anne, daughter of Temperance Packer, widow, of Donnington Castle, Berkshire, by whom he had an only child, Temperance. By will (P. C. C. 160, Smith) he gave 1,000l. towards finishing Peckwater quadrangle at Christ Church, and 1,000l. towards the erection of a new dormitory at Westminster School. He had previously presented to the school a handsome drinking goblet ('poculum') for the use of the queen's scholars there.
[Welch's Alumni Westmon. 1852, pp. 196-7, 277.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hanover, King of

​HANOVER, King of. [See Ernest Augustus, 1771–1851.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Herbert, Henry (1693-1751)

​HERBERT, HENRY, ninth Earl of Pembroke and sixth Earl of Montgomery (1693–1751), lieutenant-general, called ‘the architect earl,’ eldest of the seven sons of Thomas, eighth earl of Pembroke [q. v.], by his first wife, was born 29 Jan. 1693. On the accession of George I he was appointed lord of the bedchamber to the Prince of Wales, in which appointment he was confirmed on the prince's accession to the throne as George II in 1727. Meantime he had been made captain and lieutenant-colonel of the Coldstream regiment of foot-guards, 12 Aug. 1717, and captain and colonel of the first troop of horse-guards, 10 Sept. 1721, which he subsequently exchanged for the colonelcy of the king's regiment of horse, now the 1st or king's dragoon guards (22 June 1733). He was made groom of the stole in 1735, and attained the rank of lieutenant-general on 18 Feb. 1741-2. He was one of the lords justices during the absence of the king from England in 1740, and again in 1743 and in 1748.
He appears to have inherited his father's taste as a virtuoso, but applied it chiefly to architecture. Horace Walpole (Anecdotes of Painting, Wornum, iii. 771-2) speaks of him as a second Inigo Jones, and instances as examples of his taste and skill in architectural design his improvements at the family seat, Wilton House, the new lodge in Richmond Park, the Countess of Suffolk's house, Marble Hill, Twickenham, and the water house in Lord Orford's park at Houghton.
He rendered valuable public service in promoting the erection of Westminster Bridge (since rebuilt), for which an act of parliament was obtained in 1736 (9 Geo. II), and he advocated the claims of the Swiss architect, Charles Labelye, against the powerful interest made for Nicholas Hawksmoor [q. v.], and Batty Langley [q. v.] (ib.) Pembroke laid the first stone of the structure with great ceremony in 1739, and the last stone in 1750. Serious difficulties were encountered in carrying out the undertaking, which gave a great impetus in bridge-building in England, particularly in London. He was elected F.R.S. 15 Dec. 1743. He died suddenly at his residence in Privy Gardens, Whitehall, 9 June 1751. There is an engraved portrait by J. Bretherton.
Pembroke married, 28 Aug. 1733, Mary, eldest daughter of Richard, viscount Fitzwilliam in the peerage of Ireland, who had been a maid of honour to Queen Caroline. Their only son, Henry Herbert, tenth earl of Pembroke, is separately noticed. The countess survived her husband; afterwards married Major North Ludlow Barnard, and died in 1769.
H. M. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Herbert, Lucy

​HERBERT, Lady LUCY (1669–1744), devotional writer, born in 1669, was fourth daughter of William Herbert, first marquis and titular duke of Powis [q. v.], by his wife Elizabeth, younger daughter of Edward Somerset, second marquis of Worcester. She was professed in the convent of the English Augustinian canonesses at Bruges in 1693, was elected its prioress in 1709, and died on 19 Jan. 1743-4.
She compiled:
* ‘Several excellent Methods of hearing Mass,’ Bruges, 1722, 8vo; 1742, 12mo; [London], 1791,12mo.
* ‘Several Methods and Practices of Devotions appertaining to a Religious Life,’ Bruges, 1743, 12mo; [London], 1791, 12mo.
These two works, together with her ‘Meditations,’ are reprinted in ‘The Devotions of the Lady Lucy Herbert of Powis,’ edited by the Rev. John Morris, S.J., London, 1873,12mo.
[Preface to the Devotions; Dodd's Church Hist. iii. 447; Husenbeth's Colleges and Convents on the Continent, p. 55; Kirk's Biog. Collections, No. 43, cited in Gillows Bibl. Dict.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Marsh, John (1750-1828)

​MARSH, JOHN (1750–1828), musical composer, born at Dorking in Surrey in 1750, was in 1768 articled to a solicitor at Romsey, and became a distinguished amateur composer and performer. He married in 1774, and resided in turn at Salisbury (1776-81), Canterbury (1781-6), and Chichester (1787-1828), in all of which places he led the local bands and occasionally acted as deputy for the cathedral and church organists. He died at Chichester in 1828. He wrote ' A Short Introduction to the Theory of Harmonics,' London, 1809; 'Rudiments of Thorough Bass,' London, n. d.; 'Hints to Young Composers,' London, n. d.; composed 'Twenty-four new Chants in four Parts,' and edited ' The Cathedral Chant-Book,' and a ' Collection of the most popular Psalm-Tunes, with a few Hymns and easy Anthems,' London, n. d. His other compositions included glees, ​songs, symphonies, overtures, quartets, &c, and organ and pianoforte music.
[Dictionary of Musicians, London, 1824; Grove's Dictionary of Musicians, ii. 221; Brown's Dictionary of Musicians; Parr's Church of England Psalmody.]
J. C. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Marsh, Alphonso (1648?-1692)

​MARSH, ALPHONSO, the younger (1648?–1692), musician, the only son of Alphonso Marsh the elder [q. v.] by his first wife, was admitted gentleman 01 the Chapel Royal on 25 April 1676. He was present at the coronations of James II, 1685, and of William and Mary, 1689. He died on 5 April 1692, and was buried in the west cloister of Westminster Abbey. His principal creditor, Edward Bradock, of the Chapel ​ Royal, obtained a grant of administration in July. By his wife Cecilia (d. January 1691) he left a daughter, Mary.
Four of Marsh's songs are in J. Playford's 'Choice Ayres,' bk. i. 1673 pp. 23, 29, 57, 1676 p. 45 one is in H. Playford's ' Theater of Mustek,' bk. iv. 1687, p. 53; and two are in H. Playford's ' Banquet of Mustek,' bk. i. 1688, p. 1, bk. ii. p. 11.
[Authorities under Alphonso Marsh the elder; Chester's Westminster Abbey, pp. 482-3.]
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Marsh, Alphonso (1627-1681)

​MARSH, ALPHONSO, the elder (1627–1681), musician, the son of Robert Marsh (died before 1662), one of the musicians in ordinary to Charles I, was born before 28 Jan. 1627. He was said by Wood to be a great songster and lutenist (Manuscript Lives). Marsh alternated with John Harding in singing the words of Pirrhus, a bass part in D'Avenant's 'Siege of Rhodes,' 1666 (Chappell, Popular Music, ii. 478). He was appointed gentleman of the Chapel Royal about 1661, and was present at the coronation of Charles II on 23 April in that year. He died on 9 April 1681. He married at St. Margaret's, Westminster, 8 Feb. 1647-8, Mary Cheston. His will, by which he left a clear third of his arrears of pay to his son Alphonso [q. v.], and the residue to his second wife Rebecca, was proved by the widow on 19 April. Marsh's printed songs are in John Playlord's collections: 1. Eight songs in 'Select Ayres and Dialogues,' bk. ii. 1669, pp. 60-4. 2. Five songs in 'Choice Songs and Ayres for one Voice to the Theorbo-lute,' bk. i. 1673, pp. 5-37 passim. 3. Three songs in 'Choice Ayres ... to sing to Theorbo-lute or Bass-viol,' bk. i. 1676, p. 84, and bk. ii. 1679, p. 34.
[Grove's Dictionary, ii. 221; North's Memoires, p. 98; Old Cheque-book of the Chapel Royal, pp. 17, 21; Chamberlayne's Angliæ Notitia; Cal. of State Papers, Dom. Charles II, 1662 vol. lii., 1663 vol. lxxvi.; Will in Registers P. C. C., book North, fol. 60; Chester's Registers of Westminster Abbey, p. 230.]
L. M. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Marsh, Henry

​MARSH, Sir HENRY (1790–1860), physician, was son of the Rev. Robert Marsh and his wife Sophia Wolseley, a granddaughter of Sir Thomas Molyneux, M.D. [q. v.], and was descended from Francis Marsh [q. v.], archbishop of Dublin in the reign of William III. He was born at Loughrea, co. Galway, in 1790, entered Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated B.A. in 1812, and then studied for holy orders. About 1814, however, he gave up the study of theology for that of medicine. He meant to be a surgeon, and was apprenticed to Sir Philip Crampton [q. v.], but in 1818 lost part of his right hand, owing to a dissecting wound, and thenceforward took to the medical side of his profession. On 13 Aug. 1818 he received the license of the Irish College of Physicians, and then studied in Paris. On his return to Dublin in 1820 he was elected assistant physician to Steevens Hospital, and in 1827 professor of medicine at the Dublin College of Surgeons. His private practice soon became large, and in 1832 compelled him to give up his professorship. He became a fellow of the King's and Queen's College of Physicians 29 Oct. 1839, and in 1840 graduated M.D. in the university of Dublin. In 1841, 1842, 1845, and 1846 he was president of the Irish College of Physicians. He was made physician in ordinary to the queen in Ireland in 1837, and in 1839 was created a baronet. He was an admirable clinical teacher, but his writings are deficient in lucidity. He published in 1822 ‘Cases of Jaundice with Dissections,’ and in 1838, 1839, and 1842 papers on ‘The Evolution of Light from the Living Human Subject.’ His ‘Clinical Lectures delivered in Steevens Hospital’ were edited in 1867 by Dr. James Stannus Hughes. He also wrote numerous papers in the ‘Dublin Hospital Reports’ and ‘Dublin Journal of Medical Science.’ Marsh died, after an illness of three hours, at his house in Merrion Square, Dublin, 1 Dec. 1860, and was buried in Mount Jerome cemetery. He married twice. Both his wives were widows. Mrs. Arthur, the first, bore him one son, who died a colonel in the army without issue.
A statue of Sir Henry, executed by Foley, is in the King's and Queen's College of Physicians in Dublin.
[Webb's Compendium of Irish Biography, 1878; Dublin University Magazine, No. 57; Dublin Medical Press, 2nd ser. 1860; Sir C. A. Cameron's Hist. of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 1886; Works.]
N. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Marsh, James

​MARSH, JAMES (1794–1846), chemist, born 2 Sept. 1794 (Vincent), studied chemistry with great success, especially devoting himselt to poisons and their effects. He was employed for many years as practical chemist to the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, and on Faraday's appointment to the Royal Military Academy in December 1829 became his assistant there. He remained there till his death at a salary of only thirty shillings a week.
Marsh was the inventor of electro-magnetic apparatus, for which he received the silver medal of the Society of Arts, with thirty guineas, in April 1823. He also invented the test for arsenic which bears his name, and the first account of which was published in the 'Edinburgh Philosophical Journal' for October 1836. This paper was translated into French by J. B. Chevallier and J. Barse in 1843, and into German by A. L. Fromm in 1842. In recognition of this valuable toxicological discovery the Society of Arts awarded him their gold medal in the same year. Among his other inventions were the quill percussion tubes for ships' cannon, and for this he received the large silver medal and 30l. from the board of ordnance. The Crown Prince of Sweden sent Marsh a small silver medal as a mark of appreciation of his services to science.
He died on 21 June 1846, leaving a wife and family unprovided for.
Besides the paper on 'The Test for Arsenic' already recorded, Marsh wrote five others, on chemical and electrical subjects, which appeared in 'Tulloch's Philosophical Magazine' and the 'Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine ' between 1822 and 1842.
[W. T. Vincent's Records of the Woolwich District, i. 340, with portrait; Gent. Mag. 1846, pt. ii. pp. 219, 327; Webb's Compend. Irish Biog., where he is erroneously described as a 'Dublin physician;' information kindly supplied by Prof. A. G. Greenhill, F.R.S., of the Royal Military Academy.]
B. B. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Laird, John

​LAIRD, JOHN (1805–1874), shipbuilder, eldest son of William Laird, shipbuilder, of Birkenhead, and brother of Macgregor Laird [q. v.], was born at Greenock in 1805. At an early age he was associated with his father in the firm of William Laird & Son, of which he was for some years the managing partner. He was one of the earliest to turn his attention to the use of iron for the construction of ships, and in 1829 built a lighter of sixty tons for use on the Irish lakes and canals, the first, or one of the first, iron vessels ever constructed. In 1833 the style of the firm was changed to John Laird; he built the Lady Lansdowne, an iron paddle-wheel steamer, for the City of Dublin Steam Packet Co.; she was sent from Liverpool in pieces, and was put together on Loch Derg. In 1834 he built the John Randolph, paddle steamer, for Savannah, U.S.; this also was sent out in pieces, and was the first iron vessel ever seen in American waters. Among other vessels built by him were the steamers in which Francis Rawdon Chesney [q. v.] explored the Euphrates in 1836; a steamer built to the order of Mehemet Ali in 1837 for the navigation of the Nile; transports for use on the Indus and Sutlej; the Nemesis, for the East India Company, the first iron vessel carrying guns [see Hall, Sir William Hutcheon]; and the famous Birkenhead. In 1861 Laird retired from the business, which has since been carried on by his sons, under the style of Laird Brothers, and in the same year was elected the first M.P. for Birkenhead, then newly formed into a parliamentary borough, which he continued to represent, in the con​servative interest, till his death, 29 Oct. 1874. He was a D.L. and J.P. for the county of Chester, a government nominee member of the Mersey docks and harbour board, and for many years chairman of the Birkenhead improvement commission. He married in 1829 Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Hurry of Liverpool, by whom he had issue.
[Times, 30 Oct. 1874; information from Mr. John Laird, of Laird Brothers.]
J. K. L.