OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carson City

Edition of 1905. See also Carson City, Nevada on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CARSON CITY. The capital of Nevada, and county-seat of Ormsby County, 31 miles south of Reno, on the Virginia and Truckee Railroad (Map: Nevada, D 2). It is in a picturesque region, near the base of the Sierra Nevada, about 12 miles from Lake Tahoe, and contains the Capitol, Federal building, and a branch mint, which receives immense deposits of silver and gold ore. The State prison is 2 miles southeast of the city, and a United States Government Indian school is three miles to the south. Carson City is in a fertile agricultural region, and is engaged principally in mining, lumbering, and agriculture. Founded in 1858, it became the capital of Nevada in 1861, and was chartered as a city in 1875. Population, in 1890, 3950; in 1900, 2100.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carson, Alexander

Edition of 1905. See also Alexander Carson on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CAR′SON, Alexander (1776-1844). A Scottish clergyman. He was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, was educated at Glasgow University, and in 1797 became pastor of a Presbyterian church in Tobermore, or Tubbermore, Ulster, Ireland. In 1805 he turned Independent, and finally (1831), after study of the New Testament for the purpose of refuting Baptist principles, he was converted to those very principles, and published Baptism: Its Mode and Subjects. He was not, however, connected with the Baptist organization of England, nor did he recognize ‘close’ communion. Consult his Life, by Moore (New York, 1853).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carson, Christopher

Edition of 1905. See also Kit Carson on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CARSON, Christopher (generally known as ‘Kit Carson’) (1809-68). A famous American hunter, trapper, and Western scout. He was born in Madison County, Ky., but when only a year old was taken by his parents to Howard County, Mo., where from 1824 to 1826 he served as a saddler's apprentice. In the latter year he accompanied a party of hunters to Santa Fé, N. Mex., and afterwards devoted himself almost entirely to hunting and trapping. He accompanied an expedition to California in 1829, and another to the Rocky Mountains in the following year, and from 1832 to 1840 was employed as hunter for the garrison at Fort Bent, at the headwaters of the Arkansas. He accompanied Frémont on the latter's expeditions of 1842 and of 1843-44; then spent some time on a ranch, and in 1846-47 served as a guide in Frémont's famous expedition to California. In 1853 he, with a few Mexican drovers, succeeded in driving 6500 sheep to California, and on another occasion, this time unaided, he took fifty horses and mules to Fort Laramie, fully 500 miles from his ranch. In 1854 he was appointed Indian agent for the Utahs and Apaches, at Taos, N. Mex., and in this capacity was able, by reason of his remarkable influence over the Indians, to be of great service to the United States Government. During the Civil War he served the Government with great energy in New Mexico, Colorado, and the Indian Territory, especially against the Confederates in Texas and the Navajo Indians, and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-general. In the course of his career as a trapper, hunter, Indian-fighter, scout, and Indian agent, he met with many remarkable adventures, some of which read like romance, and he soon came to be regarded throughout the country as the typical frontiersman, resourceful in danger, an adept with the rifle, and skilled even beyond the Indians in woodcraft and the knowledge of wild animals. Consult: Burdette, Life of Kit Carson, the Great Western Hunter and Guide (Philadelphia, 1869); and Peters, Kit Carson's Life and Adventures, from Facts Narrated by Himself (Hartford, 1874).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carriera, Rosalba

Edition of 1905. See also Rosalba Carriera on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​CARRIERA, ka-rvn'ra. Rosalba (1675-1757). An Italian painter, born in Venice. She began while very young to design lace, and then applied herself to the decoration of snuff-boxes under Jean Stève in Venice. He taught her miniature-painting. by which and by her portraits in crayon, once compared with those of Correggio, she is principally known. In 1720, already famous, she visited Paris and painted portraits of the King Louis XV. and the nobles and ladies of his Court. She was elected a member of the Academy, and presented as her "picture of reception" a "Muse Crowned with Laurel." While in Paris she kept a diary (published by the Abbé Vianelli in 1703), which gives a most entertaining account of her visit there. She returned to Venice in 1721, visited Modena and Vienna, and was everywhere received with much enthusiasm. Toward the end of her life she became blind through overwork. There are one hundred and forty-three of her drawings in the gallery in Dresden, and the Louvre, Uffizi, and Saint Petersburg galleries own others. Consult the new ed. (French) of her diary, with life and notes (Paris, 1865) .
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carstares, William

Edition of 1905. See also William Carstares on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CARSTARES, kär′stȧrz, or CARSTAIRS, William (1649-1715). A Scottish statesman and divine, born at Cathcart, near Glasgow, February 11, 1649. He was the son of the Rev. John Carstares, an extreme Covenanter, and was tutored by Sinclair, minister of Ormiston, East Lothian. He distinguished himself at Edinburgh University and graduated in 1667. Two years later he went to Utrecht to study theology, and there his accomplishments attracted the notice of the Prince of Orange, whose life-long friend and confidential adviser on English matters he became. He returned to England in 1674, and on suspicion of being part author of a pamphlet on Scottish grievances, was first committed to the Tower, then transferred to Edinburgh, and kept in prison until 1679. In 1682 he went to London and negotiated between the English and Scotch conspirators in the Rye House Plot. He was arrested and put to the torture of the thumbscrew, but only partly confessed, when assured that his depositions would not be used against any one. Unfortunately, his evidence, notwithstanding his strenuous expostulations, led to the execution of Baillie of Jerviswood (q.v.). He returned to Holland in 1685, and, acting mainly on his advice, the Prince of Orange planned and carried out the invasion of England in 1688. He accompanied the Prince as chaplain, and when the Prince was established as William III., effected a reconciliation between him and the ​Scottish Church. From 1693 to 1702 he wielded great influence in Scottish affairs, and, owing to his authority in Church matters, was nicknamed ‘Cardinal Carstairs.’ He was elected principal of the Edinburgh University in 1704, and used his influenee to increase the patronage of Scottish colleges. In the same year he became minister of Greyfriars Church, and was appointed moderator of the General Assembly, an office to which he was four times elected in eleven years. On a visit to London in 1707 he received a medal and the personal thanks of Queen Anne for his assistance in passing the Act of Union. He succumbed to an attack of apoplexy December 28, 1715, leaving a reputation for scholarship, piety, charity, and political sagacity.
Consult: McCormick, “Life of Carstares,” prefixed to State Papers and Letters Addressed to William Carstares (London, 1774); Story, Character and Career of William Carstares (London, 1874).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carstens, Asmus Jakob

Edition of 1905. See also Asmus Jacob Carstens on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CARSTENS, kär′stens, Asmus Jakob (1754-98). A German painter. He was born near Schleswig, May 10, 1754, the son of a poor miller. He was early apprenticed to a wine-merchant, but to procure a better livelihood, he combined with his efforts at trade the drawing of portraits in red chalk. It was in Copenhagen that he first attracted notice by his pictures, “The Death of Balder” and “Ulysses and Æolus.” Carstens was made a member of the Academy in Berlin and received from the Court a pension that enabled him to travel and to study the works of the masters in Dresden and Rome. His “The Argonauts with Cheiron” was painted in Italy. The Weimar Museum possesses many of his fine paintings and drawings. Among them his “Fates, Nemesis, Night, and Destiny” is a good example of his manner and style. Many of his drawings represent scenes from the ancient classic poets, as well as subjects from Dante and Shakespeare. Carstens, by his noble drawings, was a worthy precursor of that revival of art in Germany which was to appear later in the works of Cornelius and Overbeck. As a painter his rank is lower than as a draughtsman; he is deficient in color and decorative facility. He followed the Greek ideal, and his classical subjects represented qualities of simplicity and power that had been wanting in the works of his predecessors. Consult: Fr. Pauli, A. Carstens (Berlin, 1876); Fernow, Carstens' Leben und Werke (new ed. by Riegel, Hanover, 1867).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carstone, Richard

Edition of 1905. See also Bleak House on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CAR′STONE, Richard. One of the wards in chancery in Dickens's Bleak House. He is a lackadaisical dreamer, who worries himself to death over the will case of ‘Jarndyce vs. Jarndyce,’ leaving his poor young wife, his cousin Ada, quite penniless, the suit having been dismissed from court owing to the disappearance of the whole contested estate in the expenses of the long litigation.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Cars, Railway

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ CARS, Railway. See Railways.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Carson River

Edition of 1905. See also Carson River on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ CARSON RIVER. A stream in Western Nevada. It rises in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, south of Lake Tahoe, and flows in a northeasterly course, passing a few miles to the south of Carson City (Map: Nevada, D 2). It is about 150 miles in length to where it divides, one branch flowing north and disappearing in Carson Sink, and the other flowing southward into Carson Lake, a small body of water which appears to have no outlet.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/The Dole of the King's Daughter

THE DOLE OF THE KING'S DAUGHTER
(BRETON)
Seven stars in the still water, And seven in the sky; Seven sins on the King's daughter, Deep in her soul to lie.
Red roses are at her feet, (Roses are red in her red-gold hair) And O where her bosom and girdle meet Red roses are hidden there.
Fair is the knight who lieth slain Amid the rush and reed, See the lean fishes that are fain Upon dead men to feed.
Sweet is the page that lieth there, (Cloth of gold is goodly prey,) See the black ravens in the air, Black, O black as the night are they.
​What do they there so stark and dead? (There is blood upon her hand) Why are the lilies flecked with red? (There is blood on the river sand.)
There are two that ride from the south and east, And two from the north and west, For the black raven a goodly feast, For the King's daughter rest.
There is one man who loves her true, (Red, O red, is the stain of gore!) He hath duggen a grave by the darksome yew, (One grave will do for four.)
No moon in the still heaven, In the black water none, The sins on her soul are seven, The sin upon his is one.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/The Grave of Shelley

THE GRAVE OF SHELLEY
Like burnt-out torches by a sick man's bed Gaunt cypress-trees stand round the sun-bleached stone; Here doth the little night-owl make her throne, And the slight lizard show his jewelled head. And, where the chaliced poppies flame to red, In the still chamber of yon pyramid Surely some Old-World Sphinx lurks darkly hid, Grim warder of this pleasaunce of the dead.
Ah! sweet indeed to rest within the womb Of Earth, great mother of eternal sleep, But sweeter far for thee a restless tomb In the blue cavern of an echoing deep, Or where the tall ships founder in the gloom Against the rocks of some wave-shattered steep.
Rome.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/Symphony in Yellow

SYMPHONY IN YELLOW
An omnibus across the bridge Crawls like a yellow butterfly, And, here and there, a passer-by Shows like a little restless midge.
Big barges full of yellow hay Are moved against the shadowy wharf, And, like a yellow silken scarf, The thick fog hangs along the quay.
The yellow leaves begin to fade And flutter from the Temple elms, And at my feet the pale green Thames Lies like a rod of rippled jade.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/The Grave of Keats

THE GRAVE OF KEATS
Rid of the world's injustice, and his pain, He rests at last beneath God's veil of blue: Taken from life when life and love were new The youngest of the martyrs here is lain, Fair as Sebastian, and as early slain. No cypress shades his grave, no funeral yew, But gentle violets weeping with the dew Weave on his bones an ever-blossoming chain. O proudest heart that broke for misery! O sweetest lips since those of Mitylene! O poet-painter of our English Land! Thy name was writ in water——it shall stand: And tears like mine will keep thy memory green, As Isabella did her Basil-tree.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/Sonnet written in Holy Week at Genoa

SONNET
WRITTEN IN HOLY WEEK AT GENOA
I wandered through Scoglietto's far retreat, The oranges on each o'erhanging spray Burned as bright lamps of gold to shame the day; Some startled bird with fluttering wings and fleet Made snow of all the blossoms, at my feet Like silver moons the pale narcissi lay: And the curved waves that streaked the great green bay Laughed i' the sun, and life seemed very sweet. Outside the young boy-priest passed singing clear, 'Jesus the son of Mary has been slain, O come and fill his sepulchre with flowers.' Ah, God! Ah, God! those dear Hellenic hours Had drowned all memory of Thy bitter pain, The Cross, the Crown, the Soldiers and the Spear.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/Sonnet to Liberty

ELEUTHERIA
SONNET TO LIBERTY
Not that I love thy children, whose dull eyes See nothing save their own unlovely woe, Whose minds know nothing, nothing care to know,— But that the roar of thy Democracies, Thy reigns of Terror, thy great Anarchies, Mirror my wildest passions like the sea And give my rage a brother——! Liberty! For this sake only do thy dissonant cries Delight my discreet soul, else might all kings By bloody knout or treacherous cannonades Rob nations of their rights inviolate And I remain unmoved—and yet, and yet, These Christs that die upon the barricades, God knows it I am with them, in some things.
# The Poems of Oscar Wilde/The Harlot's House

THE HARLOT'S HOUSE
We caught the tread of dancing feet, We loitered down the moonlit street, And stopped beneath the harlot's house.
Inside, above the din and fray, We heard the loud musicians play The 'Treues Liebes Herz' of Strauss.
Like strange mechanical grotesques, Making fantastic arabesques, The shadows raced across the blind.
We watched the ghostly dancers spin To sound of horn and violin, Like black leaves wheeling in the wind.
Like wire-pulled automatons, Slim silhouetted skeletons Went sidling through the slow quadrille.
They took each other by the hand, And danced a stately saraband; Their laughter echoed thin and shrill.
​Sometimes a clockwork puppet pressed A phantom lover to her breast, Sometimes they seemed to try to sing.
Sometimes a horrible marionette Came out, and smoked its cigarette Upon the steps like a live thing.
Then, turning to my love, I said, 'The dead are dancing with the dead, The dust is whirling with the dust.'
But she—she heard the violin, And left my side, and entered in: Love passed into the house of lust.
Then suddenly the tune went false, The dancers wearied of the waltz, The shadows ceased to wheel and whirl.
And down the long and silent street, The dawn, with silver-sandalled feet, Crept like a frightened girl.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Howard, Thomas

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
HOWARD, Thomas, Earl of Arundel. See Arundel.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hova

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ HOVA. See Madagascar, Ethnology.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hoven

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​ HO′VEN. See Bloat.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Howard, Oliver Otis

Edition of 1905. See also Oliver O. Howard on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HOWARD, Oliver Otis (1830—). An American soldier. He was born in Leeds, Maine; graduated at Bowdoin in 1850, and at West Point in 1854; served as chief of ordnance during the Seminole troubles of 1857; and was assistant professor of mathematics at West Point from 1857 to 1861. Leaving the Regular Army in June, 1861, he became colonel of the Third Maine Volunteers, and commanded a brigade in the first battle of Bull Run. He was promoted to be brigadier-general of United States volunteers in September; participated in the Peninsular campaign; and in the battle of Fair Oaks (June 1, 1862) received a wound which necessitated the amputation of his right arm. After a short leave of absence he rejoined the Army of the Potomac; took a prominent part in the battle of Antietam; was promoted to be major-general of volunteers in November; and was engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg (December 13th). In April, 1863, he was placed in command of the Eleventh Army Corps, and as such took a conspicuous part in the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He then served in the Chattanooga, campaign, taking part in the battle of Chattanooga, and accompanying Sherman on his march for the relief of Knoxville. From April to July, 1864, he commanded the Fourth Army Corps of the Army of the Cumberland, and during the march to the sea and the campaign in the Carolinas commanded the Army of the Tennessee, which constituted the right wing of General Sherman's army. In December, 1864, he was appointed brigadier-general in the Regular Army, and in March, 1865, was brevetted major-general for services at Ezra Church and during the Atlanta campaign. From May, 1865, to July, 1874, he was commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Within less than three years 1400 schools (not including 700 Sabbath schools) had been established, and many of the freedmen had been enabled to buy and maintain homesteads of their own. (See Freedmen's Bureau.) In 1874 Howard was placed in command of the Department of the Columbia, and in this capacity conducted the operations against the Nez Percés Indians in 1877, and against the Bannocks in 1878. He subsequently was superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point (1881-82), and commanded successively the departments of the Platte, of California, and of the East. In 1886 he was appointed major-general in the Regular Army, and in November, 1894, retired from the service. In 1895 he founded the Lincoln Memorial University at Cumberland Gap, Tenn. Besides numerous magazine articles, his publications include: Donald's School Days (1879); Chief Joseph, or the Nez Percés in Peace and
War (1881); General Zachary Taylor (1892), in the “Great Commanders Series;” Isabella of Castile (1894); Fighting for Humanity; and Henry in the War. Consult Stowe, Men of Our Times (New York, 1868).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hove

Edition of 1905. See also Hove on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOVE. A town in Sussex, England, on the English Channel, west of and adjacent to Brighton (Map: England, F 6). It has all the characteristics of its larger neighbor, handsome streets, avenues, squares, public buildings, parks and recreation grounds, marine walk, baths, etc., and is lighted with electricity. It maintains a free library, with news-room, lending and reference departments. Population, in 1891, 28,300; in 1901, 36,500.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Howard, Robert

Edition of 1905. See also Robert Howard (playwright) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
HOWARD, Sir Robert (1626-98). An English dramatist, son of Thomas Howard, first Earl of Berkshire, by Elizabeth, daughter of William Cecil, Lord Burghley. During the Civil War he took the Royalist side, and was knighted (1644). He was imprisoned under the Commonwealth in Windsor Castle; but after the Restoration lucrative posts were given him, and he sat in Parliament. He is the Crites of Dryden's Essay on Dramatic Poesy. Dryden married his sister Elizabeth. Of Howard's five extant plays, The Committee (1692), caricaturing the manners of the Commonwealth, is most interesting.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hovedon, Roger of

Edition of 1905. See also Roger of Hovedon on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOVEDON, hŭv′den or hōv′den, Roger of (?-c.1201). An English chronicler, born probably at Howden, in Yorkshire. He was clerk in the household of Henry II., and was employed by him on various missions. He was appointed an itinerant justice for the forests of Cumberland, Northumberland, and Yorkshire in 1189, and is supposed to have retired to Howden to write his chronicle. This begins with the year 732. Most of the work is copied, but from 1192 to 1201 is in his own writing, and has a certain value. The Chronicle was edited by Bishop Stubbs (1868-71, 4 vols.).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hovelacque, Alexandre Abel

Edition of 1905. See also Abel Hovelacque on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOVELACQUE, ō̇v’-lȧk′, Alexandre Abel (1843-96). French linguist and anthropologist, born in Paris. He was a pupil of Chavée in languages, and of Broca in comparative anatomy. In 1876 he was one of the founders of the Ecole d'Anthropologie, in which he was made professor of linguistic ethnography, and of which, after the death of Gavarret, he became director (1890). In spite of his scientific interests, he took an active part in politics as an extreme Republican. His works include: Mélanges des linguistique et d'anthropologie (1889, with Emile Picot and Julien Vinson); Les races humaines (1882); and Précis d'anthropologie (1887, with G. Hervé). In 1886 Hovelacque and Chavée founded the Revue de Linguistique.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Hovenden, Thomas

Edition of 1905. See also Thomas Hovenden on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HO′VENDEN, Thomas (1810-95). An American genre painter, born in Dunmanway, Ireland, he studied at the Cork School of Art, and at the National Academy of Design after he came to America, in 1863. Afterwards he was a pupil of Cabanel in Paris. He was elected a National Academician in 1882, and was a member of the American Water-Color Society, the Society of American Artists, and the Philadelphia Society of Artists. His “John Brown Being Led to Execution” is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City. His other works include: “In the Hands of the Enemy,” “Jerusalem the Golden,” “Chloë and Sam,” and “Breton Interior.” His composition is dramatic and effective, and his pictures are very popular.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Houyhnhnms

Edition of 1905. See also Houyhnhnm on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOUYHNHNMS, ho͞o-ĭn′’mz or ho͞o′ĭn’mz. An imaginary nation of horses, of highly advanced civilization, gifted with reason and without passions, which Gulliver visits, in the fourth part of Swift's Gulliver's Travels. Their nature is supposed in the story to be as far superior to that of humanity as it is inferior in actual life.