# Making the Most of One's Mind/Chapter 8

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LISTENING AND NOTE-MAKING
GREAT as is the difference, many people do not G ☑ discriminate between hearing and listening. To hear is merely to exercise one of our senses, to allow certain stimuli to produce a certain reaction on the brain with a corresponding effect commonly called a state of consciousness. We are intellectually passive in the process. Certain sounds appeal to our ear, and we may or may not attach a meaning to them, but in any case we are not exerting ourselves in the matter. In listening all this is changed. We hear as before, but we hear with a purpose: we put ourselves in the way of hearing: we direct our hearing. When anything of interest is uttered within our hearing, we are said to prick up our ears, which is only another way of saying that hearing has passed into listening.
Some people are said to be good listeners, but very often they turn out to be nothing more than good actors. It is said, by those who know, that a good actor is easily detected by the way in which he ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/224 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/225 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/226 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/227 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/228 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/229 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/230 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/231 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/232 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/233 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/234 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/235 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/236 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/237 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/238 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/239 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/240 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/241 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/242 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/243 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/244 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/245 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/246 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/247 ​Page:Making the most of one's mind (IA makingmostofones00adam).pdf/248 ​
    C. The Realm of Guesswork.
       a. Random Shots.
       b. Relation to hypothesis.
    D. Practical Thinking.
       a. The two main kinds of Reasoning.
          i. Deductive (true of class, true of individual).
             1. Cause of certainty of results.
             2. Advantages of the method.
          ii. Inductive (Uniformity of Nature).
             1. Cause of uncertainty of results.
             2. Advantages of method.
       b. Progress in Premiss-making or Premiss-finding.
          i. Number of cases to secure sound induction. Value and dangers of general rules.
          ii. Natural connexions involved in cases. Nature and use of Analogy.
III. Applications of Thought.
    A. Fitting of means to ends on idcational plane.
    B. Fumbling and pictorial Thinking.
    C. The place and importance of therefore.