OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Aimé-Martin, Louis

Edition of 1879. See also Aimé Martin on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​AIMÉ-MARTIN, Louis, a French author, born in Lyons in 1781, died in Paris, June 22, 1847. In 1815 he was appointed editing secretary of the chamber of deputies, and soon afterward professor of belles-lettres, moral philosophy, and history in the polytechnic school, of which office he was deprived in 1831. He then became keeper of the library of Ste. Geneviève. His first successful production was a semi-scientific book, called Lettres à Sophie sur la physique, la chimie et l'histoire naturelle (2 vols. 8vo, 1810), an agreeable mixture of prose and verse, suggested by the extraordinary success of the Lettres à Émilie sur la mythologie by Demoustier. He wrote a little later La vie de Bernardin de St. Pierre, in which the biographer happily imitated the style of his subject. His commentaries on Racine and Molière are especially interesting and tasteful. His most important work is a treatise entitled Éducation des mères de famille, in which he asserts that the best, or rather the only means of improving mankind, and reforming our present social organization, is to educate women in such a manner that they may be enabled to form men of character and virtue. The first part of the book is interesting, containing many practical suggestions, but the second part is much less valuable. A good translation of it has been published in the United States.—His wife, born about 1782, died in November, 1847, was a daughter of the marquis de Belleport. At the age of 18 she had married Bernardin de St. Pierre, then a widower in his 63d year. She was a favorite with many of her celebrated contemporaries, especially Lamartine, to whom she bequeathed her fortune.
# The Banished Man/Volume 2
### Contents

* Chapter I.
* Chapter II.
* Chapter III.
* Chapter IV.
* Chapter V.
* Chapter VI.
* Chapter VII.
* Chapter VIII.
* Chapter IX.
* Chapter X.
* Chapter XI.
* Chapter XII.
* Chapter XIII.
* Chapter XIV.
* Chapter XV.
* Chapter XVI.
* Chapter XVII.
* Chapter XVIII.
* Chapter XIX.
* Chapter XX.
* Chapter XXI.
* Chapter XXII.
* Chapter XXIII.
# The Atlantic Monthly/Volume 2/Number 2/The Two Armies

Featured in Vol 2., No.2 of The Atlantic Monthly.
The Two Armies.
As Life's unending column pours, Two marshalled hosts are seen,— Two armies on the trampled shores That Death flows black between.
One marches to the drum-beat's roll, The wide-mouthed clarion's bray, And bears upon a crimson scroll, "Our glory is to slay."
One moves in silence by the stream, With sad, yet watchful eyes, Calm as the patient planet's gleam That walks the clouded skies.
Along its front no sabres shine, No blood-red pennons wave; Its banner bears the single line, "Our duty is to save."
For those no death-bed's lingering shade; At Honor's trumpet-call, With knitted brow and lifted blade In Glory's arms they fall.
For these no clashing falchions bright, No stirring battle-cry; The bloodless stabber calls by night,— Each answers, "Here am I!"
For those the sculptor's laurelled bust, The builder's marble piles, The anthems pealing o'er their dust Through long cathedral aisles.
For these the blossom-sprinkled turf That floods the lonely graves, When Spring rolls in her sea-green surf In flowery-foaming waves.
Two paths lead upward from below, And angels wait above, Who count each burning life-drop's flow, Each falling tear of Love.
Though from the Hero's bleeding breast Her pulses Freedom drew, Though the white lilies in her crest Sprang from that scarlet dew,—
While Valor's haughty champions wait Till all their scars are shown, Love walks unchallenged through the gate To sit beside the Throne!
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Atlantic Monthly/Volume 2/Number 3/Bringing Our Sheaves with Us

Featured in Vol 2., No.3 of The Atlantic Monthly.
"Bringing Our Sheaves with Us"
The time for toil is past, and night has come,—  The last and saddest of the harvest-eves;  Worn out with labor long and wearisome,  Drooping and faint, the reapers hasten home,  Each laden with his sheaves.
 Last of the laborers thy feet I gain,  Lord of the harvest! and my spirit grieves  That I am burdened not so much with grain  As with a heaviness of heart and brain;—  Master, behold my sheaves!
 Few, light, and worthless,—yet their trifling weight  Through all my frame a weary aching leaves;  For long I struggled with my hapless fate,  And staid and toiled till it was dark and late,—  Yet these are all my sheaves.
 Full well I know I have more tares than wheat,—  Brambles and flowers, dry stalks, and withered leaves  Wherefore I blush and weep, as at thy feet  I kneel down reverently, and repeat,  "Master, behold my sheaves!"
 I know these blossoms, clustering heavily  With evening dew upon their folded leaves,  Can claim no value nor utility,—  Therefore shall fragrancy and beauty be  The glory of my sheaves.
 So do I gather strength and hope anew;  For well I know thy patient love perceives  Not what I did, but what I strove to do,—  And though the full, ripe ears be sadly few,  Thou wilt accept my sheaves.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night/Jaafer the Barmecide and the Old Bedouin

First-level story, told by Shehrzad
JAAFER THE BARMECIDE AND THE OLD BEDOUIN.
The Khalif Haroun er Reshid went out one day, with Abou Yousuf the minion and Jaafer the Barmecide and Abou Nuwas, into the desert, where they fell in with an old man, leant upon his ass. The Khalif bade Jaafer ask him whence he came; so he said to him, ‘Whence comest thou?’ ‘From Bassora,’ answered the Bedouin. Night cccxcv.‘And whither goest thou?’ asked Jaafer. ‘To Baghdad,’ said the other. ‘And what wilt thou do there?’ asked Jaafer. ‘I go to seek medicine for my eye,’ replied the old man. Quoth the Khalif, ‘O Jaafer, make us sport with him.’ ‘If I jest with him,’ answered Jaafer, ‘I shall hear what I shall not like.’ But Er Reshid rejoined, ‘I charge thee, on my authority, jest with him.’
So Jaafer said to the Bedouin, ‘If I prescribe thee a remedy that shall profit thee, what wilt thou give me in return?’ Quoth the other, ‘God the Most High will requite thee for me with better than I can give thee.’ ‘Harkye, then,’ said Jaafer, ‘and I will give thee a prescription, which I have given to none but thee.’ ‘What is that?’ asked the Bedouin; and Jaafer answered, ‘Take three ounces of wind-wafts and the like of sunbeams and moonshine and lamp-light; mix them together and let them lie in the wind three months. Then bray them three months in a mortar without a bottom and laying them in a cleft platter, set it in the wind other three months; after which use three drachms every night in thy sleep, and (God willing) thou shalt be cured.’
When the Bedouin heard this, he stretched himself out on the ass’s back and letting fly a terrible great crack of wind, said to Jaafer, ‘Take this, in payment of thy prescription. When I have followed it, if God grant me recovery, I will give thee a slave-girl, who shall serve thee ​in thy lifetime a service, wherewith God shall cut short thy term; and when thou diest and God hurries thy soul to the fire, she shall blacken thy face with her ordure, of her mourning for thee, and lament and buffet her face, saying, “O frosty-beard, what a ninny thou wast!”’ The Khalif laughed till he fell backward, and ordered the Bedouin three thousand dirhems.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Avery, Isaac Wheeler

​AVERY, Isaac Wheeler, lawyer, was born in St. Augustine, Fla., May 2, 1837; son of Isaac Wheeler and Mary (King) Avery. After a careful preliminary education under the tutelage of the Georgian historian, the Rev. George White, he entered the Oglethorpe university, Georgia, whence he was graduated in 1854. He then taught school, and in 1856 became legislative correspondent of two of the leading Democratic dailies of the state. He then studied law, and in 1860 gained admission to the Savannah bar. He aided in the capture of Fort Pulaski in January, 1861, and then enlisting in the 8th Georgia infantry as a private, he served throughout the war. He was promoted through the several ranks to that of brigadier-general of cavalry. In 1862 he was captured by Sheridan, but was soon specially exchanged at Corinth. He received a severe wound at the battle of New Hope church; which prevented his return to the army up to the close of the war. In 1864 Colonel Avery resumed the practice of law at Dalton, Ga. In 1868 he married Emma Bivings, and in 1869 removed to ​Atlanta and became editor-in-chief of the Constitution. In 1872 he was elected by the Democrats a delegate-at-large to the presidential convention, and was also a member of the state Democratic executive committee, and its secretary and manager the same year. From 1877 to 1883 he was secretary of the Georgia executive department, and from 1885 to 1889 was chief of the public debt division, U. S. treasury. In 1892 he began his work of establishing direct lines for commerce between the southern ports of North America and foreign countries which resulted in an enormous increase in foreign trade in the South. General Avery managed the Atlanta Constitution; became a commissioner at large in 1893, for the Cotton states and the International exposition, held at Atlanta. Ga., and in 1895 visited the United States, South America and Mexico in their interests, securing commissioners to the exposition and oreign exhibits. He published "Digest of Georgia Supreme Court Reports" (1866); "History of Georgia" (1881). He died at Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 8, 1887.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Avery, John

​AVERY, John, representative, was born in Watertown, N.Y., Feb. 29, 1824. He removed to Michigan in 1836; was graduated at the Medical college, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1850, and engaged in practice at Greenville, Mich. He was surgeon of the 21st Michigan infantry and served with the Army of the Cumberland, 1861-'65; was a member of the state legislature, 1869-70; a member of the state board of health in 1880 and 1886, and its president in 1889, and was appointed U.S. pension examiner in 1879. He was a member of the Stanton board of U.S. examiners in 1889, and was elected a Republican representative from the 11th Michigan district in 1893-’97.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Austin, Jane Goodwin

​AUSTIN, Jane Goodwin, author, was born at Worcester, Mass., Feb. 25, 1831, daughter of Isaac Goodwin, lawyer, antiquary and genealogist. Her mother was a poet and song-writer, and a lover of traditions and anecdotes, and many of the stories embodied in Mrs. Austin's later works were first heard at her mother's knee. Both of her parents were descended from Mayflower pilgrims. Possibly no other writer has done as much as she to keep fresh in the minds of succeeding generations the customs and traditions of the Pilgrim Fathers. How thoroughly she understood the Puritan character is shown in her four latest works: "The Nameless Nobleman" (1881, 1889); "Standish of Standish" (1899); "Dr. Le Baron and His Daughters" (1890). and "Betty Alden" (1891), which cover the period from the landing of the pilgrims in 1620 to the revolution in 1775. At the time of her death she was working on a fifth volume, which was to complete the series. The "Nameless Nobleman" in the book bearing that title was Francois Le Baron, the great-grandfather of her mother. Other books of her composition are: "Fairy Dreams" (1859); "Dora Darling" (1865); "Outpost: a Novel" (1866); "Tailor Boy" (1867); "Cypher" (1869); "The Shadow of Moloch Mountain" (1870); "Moon Folk: a True Account of the Home of the Fairy Tales" (1874): "Mrs. Beauchamp Brown" (1880); "Nantucket Scraps" (1882), and "The Desmond Hundred," Round Robin Series (1882). In addition to these works she wrote a great number of stories and some poems for the leading magazines and newspapers. She died in Boston, Mass., March, 30, 1894.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Austin, Stephen F.

​AUSTIN, Stephen F., pioneer and "father of Texas," was born in Virginia, Nov. 3, 1793; son of Moses Austin. He was graduated with distinction at Transylvania university, Ky.; was elected to the territorial legislature of Missouri in 1813, and annually re-elected until 1819, when he removed to Arkansas, where he was appointed circuit judge. His father had received from Mexico a large grant of land near the boundary of Texas, for colonization purposes, conditional on his locating three hundred families. At his death, in 1820, Stephen, in pursuance of his father's request, proceeded immediately to colonize the tract. After many delays and much difficulty, he finally had the grant confirmed and planted on the present site of Austin a colony of some two hundred families. He was constituted governor by Mexico, and, as such, possessed dictatorial power; but he governed with justice and clemency. In 1833 the American settlers became discontented, and Austin was appointed by the colony as a commissioner to carry a petition for a separate government for Texas. The Mexican government, however, failing to consider the petition, Austin wrote to his people in October to form themselves into a separate colony, without awaiting Mexico's consent. This letter being intercepted, Austin was thrown into prison for many months. President Santa Anna, in May, 1834, called a council to hear the petition. Austin appeared before it, and by his eloquence won a promise of the repeal of the decree forbidding citizens of the United States from immigrating into Texas. The council also promised to establish a postal system and to station four thousand soldiers at Bexar to protect the frontier; but declined the prayer for separation. Austin was detained as a prisoner, but at the end of two years was allowed to return to his colony. At their first consultation, in 1835, Austin advised that any attempt by the Mexican government to disarm the colonists should be met by armed resistance. To this the colonists gladly acceded. Austin endeavored to effect a reconciliation, but all terms were haughtily rejected by the Mexicans; he determined to make no further overtures for peace, hostilities followed, the revolutionists were victorious at Gonzales, Conception and San Antonio, and Austin was made commander-in-chief of the army by acclamation, and forthwith sent to Gen. Sam Houston for aid in carrying on the revolution. Austin was sent as commissioner to Washington in November, 1835, to appeal to the United States government for aid, and made a favorable impression at the national capital. In 1836 the independence of Texas was declared, Sam Houston was elected first president of the republic, and he appointed Austin secretary of state. He died Dec. 27, 1836.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Avery, Alphonso Calhoun

​AVERY, Alphonso Calhoun, jurist, was born at Morganton, N.C., Sept. 11, 1835; son of Col. Isaac T, Avery, and grandson of Col. Waightstill Avery, a signer of the Mecklenburg declaration of independence. He was graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1857; studied law under Chief-Justice Pearson, and was admitted to the bar. He served as 1st lieutenant and captain in the 6th North Carolina regiment, 1861-’62; was promoted assistant inspector-general with the rank of major in Hill's division. Army of Northern Virginia and afterward served on the staff of Breckenridge Hood and Hindman. He was taken prisoner and held until 1865, when he resumed practice in Morganton, He was a member of the state legislature in 1866; of the state constitutional convention in 1875; judge of the superior court of his district, 1878-'88, and justice of the state supreme court. 1888-'96.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Avery, Elroy McKendrel

​AVERY, Elroy McKendrel, author, was born in Erie, Mich., July 14, 1844; son of Casper Hugh ​and Dorothy (Putnam) Avery and a descendant of Christopher Avery, who immigrated to Massachusetts with Winthrop in 1630. He attended the public schools of Monroe, and when sixteen years of age he taught a winter school in an adjoining town. While thus engaged the civil war broke out, and he gave up the ferule for the musket. He volunteered in the 4th Michigan infantry as a private, and, later, in the 11th Michigan cavalry, serving throughout the war and attaining the grade of sergeant-major. While at the front he wrote letters to the Detroit Tribune, which attracted much attention and were widely quoted. Returning home, he spent two years in preparing for college, meanwhile earning his own support, and in September, 1867, entered Michigan university. He paid his way at college for two years by acting as correspondent for the Detroit Tribune and as city editor of the Ann Arbor Courier, meanwhile taking high rank in the college recitation room. In the fall of 1869 he accepted the position of principal of the high school at Battle Creek, Mich., but this he soon resigned, a friendly loan enabling him to re-enter the university. He was graduated in 1871, and soon afterwards received the appointment of superintendent of the public schools of East Cleveland, Ohio. After the annexation of East Cleveland to Cleveland he served several years as principal of the East high school, and in 1878 became principal of the city normal school, then the apex of Cleveland's public school system. In 1880 he entered the scientific lecture field with an object lesson on the then new electric light. After two years in this field he began the organization of Brush electric light and power companies—a work for which lecturing had given him peculiar qualifications. He was a life member of the American economic association; life member and trustee of the Ohio state archæological and historical society, and of the Western Reserve historical society; member of the American historical association; fellow of the American association for the advancement of science; and second president of the Ohio Conference of charities and correction. In the fall of 1893 he was elected to the Ohio senate, and in 1895 was re-elected. He received the degrees Ph.D. from Hillsdale college; Ph.B. and Ph.M. from the University of Michigan in 1875, and LL.D. in 1895. In 1876, he published Avery’s "Elements of Physics," which was immediately adopted for use in the high schools of Cleveland; in 1878, "Elements of Natural Philosophy." introduced into hundreds of high schools in the United States and Canada; "Elements of Chemistry"; "The Complete Chemistry"; "First Principles of Natural Philosophy"; "Modern Electricity and Magnetism"; "Teacher's HandBook"; "Physical Technics"; "Words Correctly Spoken" (1886); "School Physics" (1895); and "Elementary Physics" (1897); "First Lessons in Physical Science" (1897); "School Chemistry" (1901). He began to write a "Popular History of the United States" in 1884.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Austin, Samuel

​AUSTIN, Samuel, educator, was born in New Haven, Conn., Oct. 7, 1760. He was graduated at Yale college in 1783, and, entering the Congregational ministry, officiated as pastor of the churches at Fair Haven, Conn., and Worcester, Mass. In 1815 he was chosen president of the University of Vermont. He resigned this position in 1821, and from that time until 1825 had charge of a small congregation at Newport, R. I. Yale and the College of New Jersey made him A. M. in 1783 and 1785, respectively, and Williams gave him the degree of D. D. in 1807. His published writings include, beside occasional sermons and addresses, "A View of the Church." "Controversial Letters on Baptism" (2 series, 1805-'06), ​and a "Dissertation on Christian Theology" (1826). He also collected and edited the "Works of Jonathan Edwards" (8 vols., 1809). He died at Glastonbury, Conn., Dec. 4, 1830.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Averell, William Woods

​AVERELL, William Woods, soldier, was born in Cameron, Steuben county, N. Y. , Nov. 5, 1832. He was a grandson of Capt. Ebenezer Averell of the revolutionary army. Was graduated from West Point in 1855, was promoted 1st lieutenant in the 3d cavalry mounted rifles. May 14, 1861, after active service on the Indian frontier, where in a night attack by the Navajo Indians in 1859 he was severely wounded. His first service in the civil war was at the first battle of Bull Run and in the defence of Washington. In August, 1861, he was promoted colonel of the 3d Pa. volunteer cavalry attached to the army of the Potomac. For his gallant service in several engagements he was brevetted major, March 17, 1863, and at this time made his name famous in a series of cavalry raids in West Virginia, and was brevetted lieutenant-colonel after the battle of Kelly's Ford; colonel, Dec. 15, 1863; brigadier-general, March 13, 1865; and for meritorious conduct in the battle of Moorefield, Va., he was brevetted major-general. He was made captain in the regular army July 17, 1862, and resigned from the service May 18, 1865. He served as consul-general to the British provinces during 1868-'69,and on his return to the United States became president of the Asphalt Pavement Company, New York. He made several discoveries and inventions, including a method of converting ore into cast-steel at a single operation, an improved asphalt pavement, a machine for placing underground electric conductors. He was inspector-general of soldiers' homes at the time of his death, which occurred in Bath, N.Y.. Feb. 3, 1900.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Avery, George Whitefield

​AVERY, George Whitefield, physician, was born in Hartford. Conn., Sept. 27, 1836. In 1861 he obtained his M.D. degree from the Yale medical school, and entered the army as assistant surgeon of the 9th Connecticut volunteers. His first important service was at the St. James hospital at New Orleans. La., where he was chief surgeon appointed by General Butler. Subsequently he held a similar place in the Marine hospital, and in 1864 became surgeon of the New Orleans volunteers. He remained with this regiment two years, and after the war continued to reside in New Orleans for five years, rendering great service to the city during the yellow fever and cholera epidemics, and effecting several much-needed sanitary reforms. He returned to his native city in 1871, and aside from his private practice was for many years a physician at the American asylum for the deaf and dumb. He died in Hartford. Conn., Feb. 23, 1898.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Austin, Jonathan Loring

​AUSTIN, Jonathan Loring, statesman, was born in Boston, Mass., Jan. 2, 1748. He was graduated from Harvard college in 1766, going then to Portsmouth, N. H., where he entered upon a mercantile career. He was appointed major in Colonel Langdon's regiment at its organization, served on General Sullivan's staff, and until October, 1777, was attached to the Massachusetts board of war as its secretary. He was sent to France with despatches for the American commissioners, remained with Dr. Franklin as his private secretary, and was sent by him to England as his agent. Upon his return he carried despatches from the commissioners to Congress, arriving in Philadelphia in May, 1779. The following year he returned to Europe to obtain a loan for the state of Massachusetts. He was captured on his vessel, and upon his arrival in England was released. Failing to negotiate the loan, he returned to America in 1781. He was selected as the orator at the Boston Fourth of July celebration in 1786. He afterwards was elected to the Massachusetts senate, serving a number of terms. He also held the offices of state treasurer and secretary of state. He died in Boston. May 10, 1826.