# The Theoretical System of Karl Marx/Index

Barth (Paul), 15; 35; 44.
Bax (E. Belfort), 36; 38.
Berkeley (George), 31.
Bernstein (Eduard): his personality, 14, 15; sensation caused by his book, 15; his leaning towards nihilism, 12; his treatment of the three subdivisions of Marxian theory, 16, 61, 137; main points of his "Voraussetzungen," 171, 172, 192; his unintelligent handling of statistics, 174.
Boehm-Bawerk (Eugen v.): essay on "Marx and the Close of his system," 14; 61; 132; Marx's theory of value a "theory of exploitation," 82; his criticism of the Marxian theory of value, 93, 94; his lack of precision, 99, 100, 101, 102; his objections to Marx's analysis, 103, 104, 108, 109, 114, 117; the Great Contradiction, 135, 136.
Bryan (W. J.), 208.
Buckle (Henry Thomas), 24.
Capital ("Das Kapital"): effect of appearance of last volume on Marx-criticism, 14; Masaryk's characterization of, as a text-book of capitalist exploitation, 83; opening sentence of first volume, 90; supposed contradiction between first and third volume, 98, 126; the Great Contradiction resolved by third volume, 128, 129, 131; denial of genuineness of third volume, 132.
Capital: properties of, 57; "constant," 74; savings of past surplus-values, 78; impersonal and abstract character of, 78; distributive share of each individual capital, 79; difference between "constant" and "variable" capital, 121; accumulation of, possible by constant replacement of live-labor by machinery, 157; concentration and centralization of, 161, 162, 163.
​Capitalism: laws governing the capitalist system, 51, 148; distinctive feature of production under, 54; system built on ruins of farming, 62, 63; made possible by appearance of labor-power as a commodity, 71; essentials of, 154, 155; breakdown of, 163, 216, 230, 231, 232; imperialism may prolong its existence, 241; beginning of the end, 244; Bernstein's criticism of the "law of capitalistic accumulation," 171, 172.
Carlyle (Thomas), 277.
Circulation: 63, 154.
Clark (John B.): 45.
Classes: division of society into, 27; based on economic interest, 27; how the economically controlling class becomes politically predominant, 29; class struggle, 30, 181, 233; Weisengruen's objection to theory of, 46; source of wealth of our non-producing classes, 59, 74; disappearance of middle class, 181, 201, 212; peasants a bulwark of capitalism, 183, 184, 185; bourgeois character unfit for Socialist co-operation, 185, 186, 187; influence of corporations on fortunes of capitalist class, 195; growth of working class, 195; "new" middle class and its influence on the process of the centralization, 205; conditions for a social class, 209.
Class-Stupidity, 261.
Consumption: 55, 64.
Crises: 235-239; crisis of 1857, 249.
Critics (Marx-): their claim and characteristics, 10-16, their "philosophic" objection to Marx, 31; lack of definiteness, 34; confusion of "economic conditions" with "technical development," 35; confusion of "economic materialism" with "individual materialism," 36; confusion of "conditions" with "interests," 37; "refuting Marx by Marx," 39; "contradiction" found by Slominski, 40; an American Marx-critic, 41-43; pleas for all sorts of "standpoints" and "factors," 45; fashion to treat "economics" and "philosophy" separately, 49; failure to distinguish between individual and social element, 145; 228.
Commodities: analysis of the single commodity, 54, 55, 94; factory product a typical capitalistic commodity, 62; ​human labor the element common to all, 67; the peculiar commodity labor-power, 70, 71.
Competition: 154, 179.
Cunow (Heinrich): 203, 222.
Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher: 50.
Dialectic Materialism: misconception of meaning, 21; what it really means, 22, 23.
"Die Heilige Familie": 31.
Diehl (Karl): 98; supports Marx on the relation between Value and Price, 108.
Distribution: 25.
Economic Materialism: 21; economic condition discovered as prime factor, 24; why economic factor is insisted on as the chief material factor, 25, 38; other factors taken into account, 38, 39.
Engels (Frederick): 20; proof of materialistic conception of history according to, 32, 33; challenge to Marx-critics, 127, 128; 150.
Ethics and the Materialistic Conception of History: 270.
Evolution: Method of Marx in contemplating the world, 21; laws governing particular course of, in present society, 51; favorite theme of Marx-critics, 132; from capitalism to socialism, 180.
Exchange-Value: distinctive property of a commodity, 55; something entirely different from use-value, 55, 56, 57, 58; close connection with use-value, 58; when exchange-value first manifests itself in life-history of the factory product, 65; may be adversely affected by some social change, 75; nature does not participate in the creation of exchange-value, 102.
Feuerbach (Ludwig): 20.
Goldscheid (Rudolph): 216, 225-227; 233.
Gorky (Maxim): 209.
Hegel (G. W. F.): "philosophy" came to a close with, 20; his pure idealism, 31; 182; 273; 275.
​History: Made a science, 24; Weisengruen's denial of a historical science, 34; prime movers of history, 36; historical theory formulated by Marx, 51; history ignored by Marx-critics, 89.
Hunter (Robert): 219.
Idealism: what it means in philosophy, 22; how Marx dealt with it, 31; how Hegel represented it, 31; practical idealism, 257, 271.
Ideas: influence on society, 27; their source, 27; their role in the struggle of the classes, 30, 39; rooted in reality, 182; their control by dominating class, 28, 189, 190.
Individual, the materialistic conception of History and the, 271-277.
Interest: 98, 198; 200.
Jaures (Jean), 15.
Jevons (W. S.), 88.
Kautsky (Karl), 38; 172; 174; 192; 222; 259-271.
Knies (Karl), 109.
Labor (human): the element common to all commodities, 67, 92, 93; gives the commodity its value, 68, 70, "socially necessary" not to be confused with "average," 69; when labor is wasted, 16; abstract human labor a measure of the exchange-value of commodities, 71, 90, 96; "necessary labor" and "surplus labor," 73.
Labor-Power: separated under capitalism from man's body and person, 71; source of all other commodities as well as of its own reproduction, 71; dual character, 72; as a commodity presupposes a high state of technical development, 77.
La Monte (Robert R.), 257.
Lawson (Thomas W.), 197.
Literature: (anti-Marxian), 10; 14; 20; 40; 175.
Loria (Achille), 136.
Manufacturer: 64, 65, 66; 74; 130.
Marxism: scientific character of, 12; crisis in, 12; correlation of the different parts of, 16; outline of the system, ​16-19; a concrete science, 20; the system in its entirety, 39, 49, 51, 52.
Marx (Karl): dominating influence, 10; dispute whether a philosopher, 20, 51; his method, 21, 87, 119, 133, 173, 202; how he came to his theoretical system, 49, 50; his own formulation of the materialistic conception of history, 51; constructed an economic theory of his own, 52; his life-work, 57; his motives, 84; Marx's letter on Goth a program, 103; most idealistic of philosophers, 182.
Masaryk (Th. G.), 15; 33; 41; 48; 82; 98; 109, 137, 138.
Materialist Conception of History: misconception of term, 21, 186; what it really means, 23, 36, 37; as an explanation of human history, 24; and practical idealism, 257-271; and the role of the individual, 272-277.
Mehring (Franz), on the Materialistic Conception of History and practical idealism, 266, 267.
Menger (Karl), 89.
Money, 65; 237.
Morality, 26, 44.
"Neue Zeit," 14; 260; 262; 267; 270.
Nihilism: of Marx-critics, 11, 12; last recourse of the opponents of Marx, 34; gradual growth, 174.
Nossig (Alfred), 15; Jewish jubilee as remedy of social evils, 32.
Oppenheimer, (Franz), 15, 149, 150; 171, 173; 222, 223; 230.
Overproduction, 167.
Plechanoff (Georg), on the role of the individual in history, 274-277.
Political Economy: object of, 57; classical school of, 52; Marx's relation to classical school of, 52.
Price: form in which exchange-value of commodity realizes itself, 66, 75, 76, 77; controlled by value, 67, 144; influenced by supply and demand, 107.
Price of Production: 79, 144; 130; different from cost of production, 141; governed by value of commodity, 145.
​Production: 25; technical development in the means of production not always chief cause of change in material conditions, 35, 36; distinctive feature of capitalist production, 54; the factory product—how produced, 63, 64, 65; distribution of "surplus" accomplished by laws of production, 74, 75; purpose of production, 91; "participation" of nature in, 101, 102; effect of production for the market on distribution, 153; adaptability and expansiveness of the capitalist system of production, 240.
Profit: 59; 60; 74; rate of, 79; tendency of rate to diminish, 120, 124, 125; tendency to increase, 126.
Proletariat: historic mission, 183, 214, 215; difference between antique and modern, 202; salaried persons part of, 206; active factor of the Revolution, 215; evolves a new ideology, 228, 229.
Rent: 80; 111, 112.
Retail Dealer, 64.
Revisionism, 11; first manifestation of, 14; Bernstein's aid to, 15; Dr. Nossig's attempt to raise it to the dignity of a system, 15; tendencies of capitalistic development its proper domain, 170, 171; barren of practical results, 175; central point of revisionism, 215, 230.
Revisionists: 11; 15, 131; methods employed by, 150, 173.
Revolution (Social), 215, 230.
"Rheinische Zeitung," 50.
Ricardo (David), 52; 86; 88.
Rockefeller (John D.), 213.
Rodbertus (Karl), 86; 127.
Roosevelt (Theodore), 208.
Rothstein (Theodore), 219.
Seligman (E. R. A.): 41, 43; where he and Weisengruen meet, 45, 48.
Stern (J.), 269.
Slobodin (H. L.), 258.
Simkovitch (V. G.), 149, 150.
Slominski (Ludwig), 40; 48; 51; 90; 94; 98; 136; 137.
​Smith (Adam), 86; 88.
Socialism: Marx and— 51, 149; relation to theory of value, 149, 151, 153; basis of, 180; the corporation as a factor in the movement towards—212.
Society, 26.
Sombart (Werner), 15; 133, 134.
Spargo (John), 219.
Spencer (Herbert), 187; 207.
Stammler (Rudolph), 14.
State Socialism, 210.
Struve (Peter), 230, 231, 232, 233.
Supply and Demand, 105, 106, 107.
Surplus-Value: corner stone of Marx's system, 52; mysterious source of all wealth shared by non-producing classes, 73; by what its amount is determined, 72, 73, 74; division of surplus value takes place in circulation process, 76, 143, 144; realization of surplus value require absolute freedom of movement, 77; portion saved for future production, 77, 78. (See also Value.).
Taine (H. A.), 24.
Tugan-Baranowsky (Michael), 15; 149, 150; 230; 239, 240; 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249; 243.
Union: essence of the Labor Union, 224.
Use-Value: subjective character of, 55; not within sphere of political economy, 55.
Value: 61; not to be confounded with price, 66, 67, 107; by what measured, 68, 92, 93; usefulness included as a factor, 97, 98; supply and demand neither source nor measure of value, 105; value a relative term, 106; place of theory in Marxian system, 61; alleged exceptions to labor theory of, 109-117; failure of Marx-critics to distinguish between individual and social elements in, 145, 228. See also Surplus-Value, Exchange-Value, Use-Value.
Wages: amount of, 72; time taken in producing it, 73; tendency to be lowered by "reserve" army, 159.
​Waste: Capitalism lives and thrives by, 246, 248, 250; two kinds of, 250; military and naval waste, 252.
Wealth: nature of it under existing system, 53; dependent on social circumstances, 54; an aggregation of exchange-values, 57; mystery surrounding the origin of our wealth, 58; labor not the only source of wealth, 102, 105.
Weisengruen (Paul), 12—what he says of the crises in Marxism, 12; leaning toward Berkeley, 31; claim for phantasy as maker of history, 32; gives much credit to materialistic conception of history, 33; denies history is a science, 34; groundless point against Marx, 35; objection to theory of class struggle, 46; materialism run mad, 47.
Wenckstern (Rudolph), 15.
Woltman (Ludwig), 15.
Workingmen: What is due them, 82, 83, 84; rates of exploitation of, grows with higher composition of capital, 125; freedom from personal bondage and ties of property, 155; reserve army, 158; growing poverty of not a necessary result of the evolution of capitalism, 220, 222.
"Zur Kritik," 26; 50; 255.