# Mexican Archæology/Contents

CONTENTS
| chapter | | page |
| | Introduction | 1 |
| I. | Mexico: Tribal History | 5 |
| II. | Mexico: The Gods | 31 |
| III. | Mexico: The Calendar and Calendrical Feasts | 59 |
| IV. | Mexico: Writing, Priesthood, Medicine and Burial | 86 |
| V. | Mexico: Social System, War, Trade and Justice | 109 |
| VI. | Mexico: Crafts, Dress and Daily Life | 134 |
| VII. | Mexico: Architectural Remains and Pottery | 169 |
| VIII. | The Maya: History | 199 |
| IX. | The Maya: Religion and Myth | 218 |
| X. | The Maya: The Calendar, Calendrical Feasts and Minor Religious Observances | 245 |
| XI. | The Maya: Burial, Social System, Trade and War | 275 |
| XII. | The Maya: Dress, Daily Life and Crafts | 294 |
| XIII. | The Maya: Architectural Remains | 319 |
| XIV. | Conclusions | 355 |
| | Appendix I. Names of the Days in the Mexican and Mayan Calendars | 372 |
| | Appendix II. Names of the Months in the Mexican and Mayan Calendars | 373 |
| | Appendix III. Provisional Scheme of Dating | 374 |
| | Index | 375 |
Illustrations
ILLUSTRATIONS :
| PLATE IN COLOURS |||
| plate | | |
| I. | Mexico: Human Skull, incrusted with mosaic, representing Tezcatlipoca | Frontispiece |
| PLATES IN HALF-TONE |||
| facing page |||
| II. | Mexico:Colossal Stone Head of Coyolxauhqui Stone Figure of Chalchiuhtlicue | 22 |
| III. | Mexico: Colossal Stone Figure of Coatlicue | 30 |
| IV. | Mexico: Stone Mask representing Xipe | 38 |
| V. | Mexico: Stone Figure of Xochipilli | 42 |
| | Stone with Figure of a Xiuhcoatl | 42 |
| VI. | Mexico: Sculptured Stone Vase | 50 |
| | Stone Figure of Quetzalcoatl | 50 |
| VII. | Mexico: Stone Quauhxicalli | 66 |
| | Stone Quauhxicalli in the form of an Ocelot | 66 |
| VIII. | Mexico: The "Calendar Stone" | 74 |
| | Stone Figure of an Octli God | 74 |
| IX. | Mexico: Objects in Pottery | 82 |
| | Maya: Pottery Figurines from Graves | 82 |
| X. | Huaxtec: Stone Figure and Chest | 108 |
| | Maya: Pottery Censer | 108 |
| XI. | Mexico: Stone Rattle-snake and Jadeite Head | 140 |
| | Maya: Jadeite Reliefs | 140 |
| | Mixtec: Jadeite Relief | 140 |
| | Zapotec: Gold Lip-pendant | 140 |
| XII. | Mexico: Mounds at San Juan Teotihuacan | 170 |
| XIII. | Mexico: Temple at Xochicalco, Present Condition and Restoration | 172 ​ |
| XIV. | Zapotec: Interior of Chamber at Mitla | 174 |
| | Mexico: Temple at Tepoztlan | 174 |
| XV. | Zapotec: Ruins at Mitla, partly restored | 178 |
| XVI. | Totonac: Temple at Papantla | 182 |
| XVII. | Mexico: Spear-thrower, atlatl | 188 |
| | Tarascan: Pottery from Guadalajara | 188 |
| | Zapotec: Funerary Vases | 188 |
| XVIII. | Mexico: Stone Sacrificial Knife | 194 |
| | Totonac: Pottery from the Id. of Sacrificios | 194 |
| XIX. | Totonac: Pottery from the Id. of Sacrificios | 198 |
| XX. | Maya: Stela 14, Piedras Negras | 226 |
| XXI. | Maya: Stela H, Copan. | 236 |
| XXII. | Maya: Stone Lintel, Menché | 294 |
| XXIII. | Maya: Stela 24, Naranjo. | 302 |
| XXV. | Maya: Building at Sayil. | 332 |
| | Temple at Tikal. | 332 |
| XXVI. | Maya: Sculptured Monolith P., Quirigua | 338 |
| | Plan of Ruins at Copan | 338 |
| XXVII. | Maya: Ruins at Palenque | 342 |
| XXVIII. | Maya: Temple of the Ball-court, and "Castillo," Chichen Itza | 348 |
| XXIX. | Maya: Restoration of Ball-court Temple | 350 |
| | Building of the "Monjas" Group | 350 |
| XXX. | Maya: The "House of the Governor," Uxmal | 358 |
| PLATE IN LINE |||
| XXIV. | Maya: Design on a Pottery Vase | 310 |
| ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT |||
| figure | | page |
| 1. | Map of the Valley of Mexico | 13 |
| 2. | The Aztec migration (Boturini MS.) | 15 |
| 3. | Various Mexican deities, from MSS | 34 ​ |
| 4. | Various Mexican deities, from MSS | 35 |
| 5. | Mexican methods of sacrifice (Zouche MS.) | 41 |
| 6. | The moon (Borgia MS) | 52 |
| 7. | Mexican day-signs (Fejervary-Mayer MS) | 60 |
| 8. | Key to the Mexican Calendar Stone | 74 |
| 9. | Mexican priests making fire (Zouche MS) | 75 |
| 10. | Tree of the West (Borgia MS) | 79 |
| 11. | Stone relief from Huilocintla | 83 |
| 12. | Detail from the Telleriano-Remensis MS | 87 |
| 13. | Plan of the palace at Tezcoco | 89 |
| 14. | Mexican mummies prepared for burial | 104 |
| 15. | Stone relief from Tlacolula | 106 |
| 16. | Stone relief from Guerrero | 107 |
| 17. | Mexican warriors (Mendoza MS) | 113 |
| 18. | Articles of tribute (Mendoza MS) | 118 |
| 19. | Mexican stone and obsidian implements | 135 |
| 20. | Mexican stone axes | 137 |
| 21. | Totonac stone "yoke" | 139 |
| 22. | Mixtec stone figurines | 140 |
| 23. | Mexican artisans (Mendoza MS) | 143 |
| 24. | Gold finger-ring | 145 |
| 25. | Mexican feather-work mantle | 146 |
| 26. | Spindle-whorls, Id of Sacrificios | 147 |
| 27. | Mexican wood-carver and weaver (Mendoza MS) | 148 |
| 28. | Mexican pottery stamps | 150 |
| 29. | The education of Mexican children (Mendoza MS) | 161 |
| 30. | Tlaxtli-court (Bodleian MS.) | 165 |
| 31. | Mexican teponaztli (wooden gong) | 167 |
| 32. | Plans of remains at Quiengola | 175 |
| 33. | Slab from Xochicalco: beaker and stone head from Oaxaca | 176 |
| 34. | Plan of one of the courts at Mitla | 177 |
| 35. | Portion of fresco at Mitla | 179 |
| 36. | Pottery forms | 185 |
| 37. | Painted designs on pottery | 186 |
| 38. | Pottery vase from Teotihuacan | 187 |
| 39. | Vase in Tlaxcalan or Cholulan style | 190 ​ |
| 40. | Pottery vase from Tlaxcala | 191 |
| 41. | Design on a vase from Cuicatlan | 192 |
| 42. | Pottery vase from Tanquian | 196 |
| 43. | Pottery vase from the Panuco River | 197 |
| 44. | Pottery vase from Tampico | 198 |
| 45. | Linguistic Map of Maya tribes | 201 |
| 46. | Various Maya deities (Dresden MS) | 222 |
| 47. | Various Maya deities (Dresden MS) | 223 |
| 48. | Carved wooden lintel from Tikal | 225 |
| 49. | Relief, Temple of the Foliated Cross, Palenque | 230 |
| 50. | The "two-headed monster," Copan | 233 |
| 51. | Detail from relief, Temple of the Cross, Palenque | 235 |
| 52. | Maya ceremonial axes, from the monuments | 237 |
| 53. | Maya day-signs; monuments and MSS | 247 |
| 54. | Maya month-signs; monuments and MSS | 250 |
| 55. | Maya period-signs: monuments | 251 |
| 56. | Maya date-inscriptions, monuments | 253 |
| 57. | Maya world-direction and colour signs | 256 |
| 58. | Maya new-year ceremonies (Dresden MS) | 264 |
| 59. | Maya new-year ceremonies (Troano-Cortesianus MS) | 265 |
| 60. | Detail from relief at Chichen Itza | 289 |
| 61. | Man in ceremonial costume, Palenque | 297 |
| 62. | Maya methods of hunting (Troano-Cortesianus MS) | 299 |
| 63. | Maya priests with musical instruments (Dresden MS) | 301 |
| 64. | Objects of flaked stone, British Honduras | 305 |
| 65. | Stone mask ; British Honduras | 306 |
| 66. | Maya weavers (Troano-Cortesianus MS) | 307 |
| 67. | Bat-design, from a vase ; Uloa Valley | 311 |
| 68. | Pottery vase from Chama | 312 |
| 69. | Pottery vase from Ococingo | 312 |
| 70. | Pottery vase from Coban | 313 |
| 71. | Pottery censer from Nebaj | 314 |
| 72. | Pottery head from Nebaj | 316 |
| 73. | Examples of Maya terraces and pyramids | 321 ​ |
| 74. | Section of typical Yucatec building | 323 |
| 75. | Examples of Maya buildings | 325 |
| 76. | Ground-plans and elevations of Maya temples | 327 |
| 77. | Section through the Temple of the Cross, Palenque | 329 |
| 78. | Plans of building at Santa Rosa Xlabpak | 330 |
| 79. | Detail of fresco at Santa Rita | 335 |
| 80. | Details of frescoes at Santa Rita and Mitla | 336 |
| 81. | Stone altar at Copan | 339 |
| 82. | Relief, Temple of the Sun, Palenque | 344 |
| 83. | The "Monjas," Chichen Itza | 347 |
| 84. | Caryatid figure, Chichen Itza | 348 |
| 85. | Stone gargoyle, Copan | 353 |
| 86. | Details from various monuments, showing the interlaced head-ornament | 357 |
| 87. | Stone relief at Chichen Itza | 367 |
| MAPS |||
| | Map of the Valley of Mexico (Fig. l) | 13 |
| | Linguistic Map of Maya Tribes (Fig. 45) | 201 |
| | Mexico and Central America Folder at end | |