OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/CXXX

​ⅭⅩⅩⅩ. James Madison to George Washington.
New York, Octr. 14. 1787.
I add…a pamphlet which Mr. Pinkney has submitted to the public, or rather as he professes, to the perusal of his friends;
* ↑ Documentary History of the Constitution, IV, 329.
* ↑ See ⅭⅩⅩⅨ above.
* ↑ For Washington’s comment in reply, see ⅭⅩⅩⅩⅤ below.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/CXXVII

​ⅭⅩⅩⅦ. George Washington to David Humphreys.
Mount Vernon October 10th. 1787.
The Constitution that is submitted, is not free from imperfections.—but there are as few radical defects in it as could well be ​expected, considering the heterogenious mass of which the Convention was composed and the diversity of interests that are to be attended to, As a Constitutional door is opened for future amendments and alterations, I think it would be wise in the People to accept what is offered to them and I wish it may be by as great a majority of them as it was by that of the Convention; but this is hardly to be expected because the importance and sinister views of too many characters, will be affected by the change. Much will depend however upon literary abilities, and the recommendation of it by good pens should be openly, I mean publickly afforded in the Gazetees. Go matters however as they may, I shall have the consolation to reflect that no objects but the public good—and that peace and harmony which I wished to see prevail in the Convention, obtruded even for a moment in my bosom during the whole Session long as it was—
# The Qur'an (Palmer)/Masad

The Chapter of Abu Laheb.
(CXI. Mecca.)
In the name of the merciful and compassionate God.
Abu Laheb's two hands shall perish, and he shall perish !
​His wealth shall not avail him, nor what he has earned !
He shall broil in a fire that flames, and his wife carrying faggots ! — $^5$ on her neck a cord of palm fibres.
* ↑ See Introduction, p. xxviii. Abu Laheb, 'the father of the flame,'
* ↑ A pun upon his name.
# The Qur'an (Palmer)/Mutaffifin

The Chapter of those who give short Weight.
(ⅬⅩⅩⅩⅢ. Mecca.)
In the name of the merciful and compassionate God.
Woe to those who give short weight ! who when ​they measure against others take full measure ; but when they measure to them or weigh to them, diminish !
Do not these think that they shall be raised again $^5$ at the mighty day ? the day when men shall stand before the Lord of the worlds !
Nay, verily, the book of the wicked is in Siggîn; and what shall make thee know what Siggîn is ? — a book inscribed !
$^{10}$ Woe on that day for those who say it is a lie !
Who call the judgment day a lie ! but none shall call it a lie except every sinful transgressor, who, when our signs are read to him, says, ‘ Old folks’ tales !’
Nay, but that which they have gained has settled upon their hearts.
Nay, verily, $^{15}$ from their Lord on that day are they veiled ; and then, verily, they shall broil in hell ; then it shall be said, ‘ This is what ye once did call a lie !’
Nay, verily, the book of the righteous is in ʿIlliyûn; and what shall make thee know what ʿIlliyûn is? — $^{20}$ a book inscribed ! those nigh to God shall witness it.
Verily, the righteous shall be in pleasure ; upon couches shall they gaze ; thou mayest recognise in their faces the brightness of pleasure; $^{25}$ they shall be given to drink wine that is sealed, whose seal is musk ; for that then let the aspirants aspire ! ​— and it shall be tempered with Tasnîm, — a spring from which those nigh to God shall drink.
Verily, those who sin do laugh at those who believe; $^{30}$ and when they pass by they wink at one another, and when they return to their family they return ridiculing them ; and when they see them they say, ‘ Verily, these do go astray !’ — but they are not sent as guardians over them !
But to-day those who believe shall at the misbelievers laugh ! $^{35}$ Upon couches shall they gaze ; are the misbelievers rewarded for what they have done ?
* ↑ Siggîn, the ‘ prison ’ of hell, whence the register of the wicked is named.
* ↑ ʿIlliyûn means ‘ high places.’
* ↑ Name of a fountain in Paradise, so called because it is conveyed to the highest apartments there.
# The Qur'an (Palmer)/Muzzammil

The Chapter of the Enwrapped.
(ⅬⅩⅩⅢ. Mecca.)
In the name of the merciful and compassionate God.
O thou who art enwrapped! rise by night except a little — the half, or deduct therefrom a little, or ​add thereto, and chant the Qurʼân chanting. $^5$ Verily, we will cast on thee a heavy speech.
Verily, the early part of the night is stronger in impressions and more upright in speech!
Verily, thou hast by day a long employment; but mention the name of thy Lord and devote thyself thoroughly to Him, the Lord of the east and the west; there is no god but He; then take Him for a guardian!
$^{10}$ And endure patiently what they say, and flee from them with a decorous flight.
And leave me and those who say it is a lie, who are possessed of comfort; and let them bide for a while.
Verily, with us are heavy fetters and hell-fire, and food that chokes, and mighty woe!
On the day when the earth and the mountains shall tremble and the earth shall be as a crumbling sand-hill!
$^{15}$ Verily, we have sent unto you an apostle bearing witness against you, as we sent an apostle unto Pharaoh.
But Pharaoh rebelled against the apostle, and we seized him with an overpowering punishment.
Then how will ye shield yourselves if ye misbelieve from the day which shall make children grey-headed, whereon the heaven cleaves — its promise shall be fulfilled!
Verily, this is a memorial, and whoso will, let him take unto his Lord a way.
​$^{20}$ Verily, thy Lord knows that thou dost stand up to pray nearly two-thirds of the night, or the half of it or the third of it, as do part of those who are with thee; for God measures the night and the day; He knows that ye cannot calculate it, and He turns relentant towards you.
So read what is easy of the Qurʼân. He knows that there will be of you some who are sick and others who beat about in the earth craving the grace of God, and others who are fighting in the cause of God. Then read what is easy of it and be steadfast in prayer, and give alms, and lend to God a goodly loan, for what ye send forward for yourselves of good ye will find it with God. It is better and a greater hire; and ask ye pardon of God: verily, God is forgiving, merciful!
# The Qur'an (Palmer)/Ma'un

The Chapter of ‘ Necessaries.’
(CVII. Place of origin doubtful.)
In the name of the merciful and compassionate God.
Hast thou considered him who calls the judgment a lie? He it is who pushes the orphan away ; and urges not (others) to feed the poor.
But woe to those who pray [5] and who are careless in their prayers,
Who pretend and withhold necessaries.
# The Rights of Women and the Sexual Relations/Contents

PART I. :
| Page. ||
| 1. An Address to an Unknown Lady Reader | 1 |
| 2. Historical Review of the Legal Position of Women | 6 |
| 3. The Emancipation of Woman | 30 |
| 4. The Passive Prostitution of Women | 41 |
| 5. The Active Prostitution of Men | 47 |
| 6. The Excuses of Men | 55 |
| 7. Love and Jealousy | 62 |
| 8. Morality | 70 |
| 9. Marriage | 80 |
| 10. Adultery | 104 |
| 11. Divorce | 113 |
| 12. Is Marriage a Contract? | 121 |
| 13. Hanging a Woman | 128 |
| 14. Religion | 135 |
| 15. The Economic Independence of Woman | 149 |
| 16. Liberty and the Revolution the Allies of Women | 154 |
| 17. Conclusion | 162 |
| 18. Postscript | 167 |
| 19. Preface to Part II | 175 |
PART II. :
| Luise Meyen on Men and Women — |
| 1. The Rights and Condition of Women | 181 |
| 2. Open Letter to Dr. Arnold Ruge, London | 187 |
| 3. Men | 195 |
| 4. Women | 214 |
| 5. The Convention of German Women in Frauenstadt | 227 |
| 6. The Convention of German Women in Frauenstadt | 233 |
| 7. Concerning Womanhood (a lecture, 1873) | 346 |
# The Rights of Women and the Sexual Relations/Part 1

PART I. :
| Page. ||
| 1. An Address to an Unknown Lady Reader | 1 |
| 2. Historical Review of the Legal Position of Women | 6 |
| 3. The Emancipation of Woman | 30 |
| 4. The Passive Prostitution of Women | 41 |
| 5. The Active Prostitution of Men | 47 |
| 6. The Excuses of Men | 55 |
| 7. Love and Jealousy | 62 |
| 8. Morality | 70 |
| 9. Marriage | 80 |
| 10. Adultery | 104 |
| 11. Divorce | 113 |
| 12. Is Marriage a Contract? | 121 |
| 13. Hanging a Woman | 128 |
| 14. Religion | 135 |
| 15. The Economic Independence of Woman | 149 |
| 16. Liberty and the Revolution the Allies of Women | 154 |
| 17. Conclusion | 162 |
| 18. Postscript | 167 |
| 19. Preface to Part II | 175 |
# The New Student's Reference Work/Gowan, Hon. James Robert

See also James Robert Gowan on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Gow′an, Hon. James Robert, a senator of the Dominion, was born in Ireland in 1815 and came to Canada in 1832. After serving as a volunteer in the rebellion of 1837 he was called to the bar of Upper Canada in 1838, and appointed judge in 1843, retiring from the bench in 1883. He was appointed chairman of the board of judges in 1884 and a senator the year following. He introduced the present mode of procedure in divorce cases in the senate, and has been president of its divorce tribunal since 1889, making now 56 years of judicial service. In addition he has taken an important part in the revision and codification of the laws of the Dominion.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Grand River

See also Grand River (Ontario) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Grand River, in southern Ontario, empties into Lake Erie at Port Maitland, and is navigable for a considerable distance. Elora, Paris, Brantford, Cayuga and Dunnville are on its banks. In early days, when the whole country was wooded, small vessels made use of it in carrying merchandise and farm and timber products. It waters a fertile and quickly settled country.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Great Basin

See also Great Basin on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
Great Basin, a triangular plateau, covering the western part of Utah, nearly the whole of Nevada and part of California and Oregon, and extending into Idaho, lying between the Wahsatch and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. It stretches about 500 miles along the base of the triangle from east to west and 800 miles from north to south. It is traversed by mountain ranges and covered by many streams and lakes, mostly salt, that have no outlet, but either drain by evaporation or sink into the sands of the desert.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Great Slave Lake

See also Great Slave Lake on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Great Slave Lake, in the southern part of the District of Mackenzie, Canada, is an immense inland sea (area 11,821 square miles). It is navigable throughout its whole length and breadth. At its western end the Mackenzie River which flows into the Arctic Ocean (one of the eight largest rivers in the world) has its starting point. The southern shore of the lake has good agricultural prospects.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Great Sodus

See also Sodus Point, New York on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Great Sodus. A settlement in Wayne County, New York, on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, where a large quantity of American military stores was seized by Canadian and British forces on June 19, 1813.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Governor

See also Governor (device) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​Gov′ernor (engine), a device attached to a steam-engine or other motor for keeping the speed of the machine constant within practical limits. As applied to a steam-engine, the object of the governor is to act on the throttle-valve or on the supply of steam to the cylinder, so that the supply of steam is proportional to the load. The common engine-governors depend on balancing the centrifugal force of a revolving mass either against gravity or against the force of a spring. The governor applied to the steam-engine by Watt consists of two heavy balls attached to two inclined arms, which are jointed to an upright spindle so that the balls can move in a vertical plane, thus forming a double conical pendulum. The spindle is geared so as to revolve with a speed proportional to that of the engine, and as the speed of the spindle increases the balls fly out and rise against gravity. For a definite speed the balls have a definite position. Beyond this speed they rise, and below this speed they fall. By suitable links and levers the supply of steam is increased or decreased for lower or higher speeds. In modern high speed engines (speeds over 150) the governor most commonly used is placed inside the fly-wheel. A heavy mass on a lever attached to a spoke of the fly-wheel is held toward the center by a spring, and as the speed increases the spring is stretched and the mass flies out. By suitable mechanism this movement regulates the supply of steam. The demand upon a governor is that, in engines for ordinary service, the speed must not vary more than 2%; and for electric light service not over 1%.
WATT'S ENGINE-GOVERNOR
A HIGH SPEED ENGINE-GOVERNOR
# The New Student's Reference Work/Great Salt Lake

See also Great Salt Lake on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Great Salt Lake, in Utah, is over 80 miles long and from 20 to 32 wide, and is the outlet of the Bear, Ogden, Jordan and Weber Rivers. It lies at the base of the Wahsatch Mountains, 4,200 feet above the sea-level, and is very shallow. It has no outlet, except by evaporation of its waters, and contains a large quantity of salt — about 15 per cent. — in which no fishes thrive. Great Salt Lake or, as it has been called, Lake Bonneville was first mentioned by a Franciscan friar, Escalanta, in 1776, but was not explored until 1843, by Frémont. There are well-marked shore lines on the mountains around, reaching 1,000 feet higher than the present level, which show that the lake was once vastly larger. See H. H. Bancroft's Utah.
# The New Student's Reference Work/Great Slave River

See also Slave River on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
​ Great Slave River, in the province of Alberta (Canada), is 300 miles long, flows into Great Slave Lake, and is noted for its abundance of fish.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 15

Let us take an example of two islands, with four rivers forming the surrounding water, as shown in Figure 3. Fifteen bridges, marked a, b, c, d, etc., cross the water around the islands and the adjoining rivers; the question is whether a journey can be arranged that will pass over all the bridges, but not over any of them more than once. 1. I begin by marking all the regions that are separated from one another by the water with the letters A, B, C, D, E, F—there are six of them. 2. I take the number of bridges—15—add one and write this number—16—uppermost. 3. I write the letters A, B, C, etc. in a column and opposite each letter I
| | | 16 |
| A*, | 8 | 4 |
| B*, | 4 | 2 |
| C*, | 4 | 2 |
| D, | 3 | 2 |
| E, | 5 | 3 |
| F*, | 6 | 3 |
| | | 16 |
write the number of bridges connecting with that region, e.g., 8 bridges for A, 4 for B, etc. 4. The letters that have even numbers opposite them I mark with an asterisk. 5. In a third column I write the half of each corresponding even number, or, if the number is odd, I add one to it, and put down half the sum. 6. Finally I add the numbers in the third column and get 16 as the sum. This is the same as the number 16 that appears above, and hence it follows that the journey can be effected if it begins in regions D or E, whose symbols have no asterisk. The following expression represents such a route:
* EaFbBcFdAeFfCgAhCiDkAmEnApBoElD.
Here I have also indicated, by small letters between the capitals, which bridges are crossed.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 16

By this method we can easily determine, even in cases of considerable complexity, whether a single crossing of each of the bridges in sequence is actually possible. But I should now like to give another and much simpler method, which follows quite easily from the preceding, after a few preliminary remarks. In the first place, I note that the sum of all the numbers of bridges to each region, that are written down in the second column opposite the letters A, B, C, etc., is necessarily double the actual number of bridges. The reason is that in the tabulation of the bridges leading to the various regions each bridge is counted twice, once for each of the two regions that it connects.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 17

From this observation it follows that the sum of the numbers in the second column must be an even number, since half of it represents the actual number of bridges. Hence it is impossible for exactly one of these numbers (indicating how many bridges connect with each region) to be odd, or, for that matter, three or five, etc. In other words, if any of the numbers opposite the letters A, B, C, etc., are odd, an even number of them must be odd. In the Königsberg problem, for instance, all four of the numbers opposite the letters A, B, C, D were odd, as explained in section 14, while in the example just given (section 15) only two of the numbers were odd, namely those opposite D and E.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 18

Since the sum of the numbers opposite A, B, C, etc., is double the number of bridges, it is clear that if this sum is increased by two and then divided by 2 the result will be the number written at the top. When all the numbers in the second column are even, and the half of each is written down in the third column, the total of this column will be one less than the number at the top. In that case it will always be possible to cross all the bridges. For in whatever region the journey begins, there will be an even number of bridges leading to it, which is the requirement. In the Königsberg problem we could, for instance, arrange matters so that each bridge is crossed twice, which is equivalent to dividing each bridge into two, whence the number of bridges leading to each region would be even.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 21

After we have determined that a route actually exists we are left with the question how to find it. To this end the following rule will serve: Wherever possible we mentally eliminate any two bridges that connect the same two regions; this usually reduced the number of bridges considerably. Then—and this should not be difficult—we proceed to trace the required route across the remaining bridges. The pattern of this route, once we have found it, will not be substantially affected by the restoration of the bridges which were first eliminated from consideration—as a little thought will show; therefore I do not think I need say more about finding the routes themselves.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 14

My procedure for determining whether in any given system of rivers and bridges it is possible to cross each bridge exactly once is as follows: 1. First I designate the individual regions separated from one another by the water as A, B, C, etc. 2. I take the total number of bridges, increase it by one, and write the resulting number uppermost. 3. Under this number I write the letters A, B, C, etc., and opposite each of these I note the number of bridges that lead to that particular region. 4. I place an asterisk next the letters that have even numbers opposite them. 5. Opposite each even number I write the half of that number and opposite each odd number I write half of the sum formed by that number plus one. 6. I add up the last column of numbers. If the sum is one less than, or equal to the number written at the top, I conclude that the required journey can be made. But it must be noted that when the sum is one less than the number at the top, the route must start from a region marked with an asterisk. And in the other case, when these two numbers are equal, it must start from a region that does not have an asterisk.
For the Königsberg problem I would set up the tabulation as follows:
Number of bridges 7, giving 8 (= 7 + 1 ) bridges :
| A, | 5 | 3 |
| B, | 3 | 2 |
| C, | 3 | 2 |
| D, | 3 | 2 |
The last column now adds up to more than 8, and hence the required journey cannot be made.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 20

Thus for any configuration that may arise the easiest way of determining whether a single crossing of all the bridges is possible is to apply the following rules:
* If there are more than two regions which are approached by an odd number of bridges, no route satisfying the required conditions can be found.
* If, however, there are only two regions with an odd number of approach bridges the required journey can be completed provided it originates in one of the regions.
* If, finally, there is no region with an odd number of approach bridges, the required journey can be effected, no matter where it begins.
These rules solve completely the problem initially proposed.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 19

Further, when only two of the numbers opposite the letters are odd, and the others even, the required route is possible provided it begins in a region approached by an odd number of bridges. We take half of each even number, and likewise half of each odd number after adding one, as our procedure requires; the sum of these halves will then be one greater than the number of bridges, and hence equal to the number written at the top.
Similarly, where four, six, or eight, etc., of the numbers in the second column are odd it is evident that the sum of the numbers in the third column will be one, two, three, etc., greater than the top number, as the case may be, and hence the desired journey is impossible.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 2

The problem, which I understand is quite well known, is stated as follows: In the town of Königsberg in Prussia there is an island A, called "Kneiphof," with the two branches of the river (Pregel) flowing around it, as shown in Figure 1. There are seven bridges, a, b, c, d, e, f and g, crossing the two branches. The question is whether a person can plan a walk in such a way that he will cross each of these bridges once but not more than once. I was told that while some denied the possibility of doing this and others were in doubt, there were none who maintained that it was actually possible. On the basis of the above I formulated the following very general problem for myself: Given any configuration of the river and the branches into which it may divide, as well as any number of bridges, to determine whether or not it is possible to cross each bridge exactly once.
# The Seven Bridges of Königsberg/Section 3

The particular problem of the seven bridges of Königsberg could be solved by carefully tabulating all possible paths, thereby ascertaining by inspection which of them, if any, met the requirement. This method of solution, however, is too tedious and too difficult because of the large number of possible combinations, and in other problems where many more bridges are involved it could not be used at all. When the analysis is undertaken in the manner just described it yields a great many details that are irrelevant to the problem; undoubtedly this is the reason the method is so onerous. Hence I discarded it and searched for another more restricted in its scope; namely, a method which would show only whether a journey satisfying the prescribed condition could in the first instance be discovered; such an approach, I believed, would be much simpler.
# The Smith and the Devil

* "The Master-Smith". George Webbe Dasent, Popular Tales from the Norse, 1912.
* "The Smith and the Devil", Alexander Nikolaevich Afanasyev, tr. Leonard Arthur Magnus, Russian Folk-Tales, 1916.
# The Snake's Pass

The Snake's Pass
BY
BRAM STOKER, M.A.
LONDON: SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE & RIVINGTON, Ltd. St. Dunstan's House,
FETTER LANE, FLEET STREET.
1891.
All rights reserved.
CHISWICK PRESS:—C. WHITTINGHAM AND CO., TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse