OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Georgia v. Brailsford (2 U.S. 402)/Dissent Cushing

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinions in Seriatim
* Dissenting Opinions Johnson Cushing
* Separate Opinions Iredell Blair Wilson Jay
​Cushing, Justice.The Judicial act expressly declares, that “suits in equity shall not be sustained, in either of the courts of the United States, in any case where plain, adequate, and complete remedy may be had at law.” Now, if Georgia has any right to the debt in question, it is a right at law, for which, of course, the law will furnish a plain, adequate, and complete remedy. The decision of the Circuit court, in a case to which Georgia was neither party nor privy, did not, and could not, take away either the right or the remedy of the State. Nor can Spalding, the defendant below, be made liable twice, for the same debt, without his wilful laches. For, it is in his power to bring a writ of error; and then the whole merits of the claim of Georgia appearing on the record, we must decide it as a question of law, either by affirming or reversing the judgment, so as to bind us in any suit, which Georgia might institute for the same cause.
Besides, the State of Georgia (notwithstanding the judgment of the Circuit court) may bring an action of indebitatus assumpsit against Brailsford (who is a man of fortune), after they have received the money, upon the principle of Moses versus M$^c$Farland, and with stronger reason; as in that case the parties, in both courts, were the same; but, in the case proposed, they would be different, and one of them has never been heard. In some form, therefore, Georgia may obtain compleat redress at law.
I do not, upon the whole, consider the refusal of Spalding to bring a writ of error (which he is not compellable to bring) nor any other suggestion in the bill, as a sufficient foundation for exercising the equitable jurisdiction of the court; and, consequently, I think that an injunction ought not to be awarded.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Georgia v. Brailsford (2 U.S. 402)/Dissent Johnson

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinions in Seriatim
* Dissenting Opinions Johnson Cushing
* Separate Opinions Iredell Blair Wilson Jay
​Johnson, Justice.In order to support a motion for an injunction, the bill should set forth a case of probable right, and a probable danger that the right would be defeated, without this special interposition of the court. It does not appear to me, that the present bill sufficiently claims such an interposition. If the State has a right to the debt in question, it may be enforced at common law, notwithstanding the judgment of the Circuit court; and there is no suggestion in the bill, though it has been suggested at the bar, that the State is likely to lose her right by the insolvency either of Spalding, the original debtor, or of Brailsford, who will become her debtor for the amount, if he receives it, when in law he ought not to receive, or retain, it.
Nor does the bill state any particular confederacy, or fraud. The refusal to admit the Attorney General as a party on the record, was the act of a competent court; and it is not sufficient barely to alledge, that the defendant has not chosen to sue out a writ of error.
The case might, perhaps, be made better; but as I can only know, at present, the facts which the bill alledges, and which the affidavit supports, it is my opinion, that there is not a proper foundation for issuing an injunction.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Georgia v. Brailsford (2 U.S. 402)/Separate Iredell

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinions in Seriatim
* Dissenting Opinions Johnson Cushing
* Separate Opinions Iredell Blair Wilson Jay
​Iredell, Justice.I sat in the Circuit court, when the judgment was rendered in the case of Brailsford and others versus ​Spalding; but I shall give my opinion, on the present motion, detached from every previous consideration of the merits of the cause.
The debt claimed by the plaintiffs below, was, likewise, claimed by the State of Georgia. The State applied to be admitted to assert her claim, but the application was rejected; nor has any writ of error been instituted upon the judgment. These facts, however, are only mentioned to introduce this remark, that the Circuit court could not, with propriety, sustain the application of Georgia; because, whenever a State is a party, the Supreme court has exclusive jurisdiction of the suit; and her right cannot be effectually supported, by a voluntary appearance, before any other tribunal of the Union. Not being a party, nor capable of resorting as a party, to the Circuit court, it is very much to be questioned whether the State could bring a writ of error on the judgment there, even if her claim appeared on the record.
Every principle of law, justice, and honor, however, seem to require, that the claim of the State of Georgia should not be, indirectly, decided, or defeated, by a judgment pronounced between parties, over whom she had no coutroul, and upon a trial, in which she was not allowed to be heard. If, indeed, the court could not devise a mode, for admitting a fair investigation and determination upon that claim, it would be useless to grant an injunction: But I think a mode may easily be proscribed, in strict conformity with the practice and principles of equity.
It was in the power of the defendant in the Circuit court, to have filed a bill of interpleader, in order, for his own safety, to settle the rights of the contending parties; but neither in that form, nor by instituting a suit herself, could Georgia have derived the benefit of supporting her claim in her own way, before any other than the Supreme court. In this court, therefore, we ought now to place the State upon the same footing, as if a bill of interpleader had been regularly filed here; which can be done by sustaining the present suit; and when the parties are all before us, we may direct a proper issue to be formed, and tried at the bar. Thus, justice will be done to Georgia, and an irreparable injury may be prevented; while the adverse party, even if he ultimately succeeds, can only complain of a short delay.
With this view, I think, that an injunction should be awarded to stay the money in the hands of the marshall, till this court shall make a further order on the subject.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Fornaris v. Ridge Tool Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
400 U.S. 41
Fornaris v. Ridge Tool Co., et al.
On Appeal from the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
No. 541.
1. Title 28 U.S.C. § 1254 (2), which provides for an appeal to this Court from a court of appeals' judgment invalidating a state statute on constitutional grounds, does not apply to an appeal involving a Puerto Rico statute.
2. The Court of Appeals should have abstained from invalidating on due process grounds the retrospective application of Puerto Rico's Dealer's Contract Law, since the Puerto Rico Supreme Court, which has not yet authoritatively construed the statute, might be able to do so without reaching the constitutional issue. Reetz v. Bozanich, 397 U.S. 82.
Appeals dismissed and certiorari granted; 423 F. 2d 563, reversed and remanded.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

* Together with No. 543, Puerto Rico v. Ridge Tool Co. et al.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Formerly Owned Resources for Veterans to Express Thanks for Service Act of 2013 (H.R. 1171; 113th Congress)

* related portals: United States Congress.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
H.R. 1171 as introduced
113th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 1171
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
March 14, 2013
Mr. Benishek (for himself, Ms. Brownley of California, Mr. Roe of Tennessee, and Mr. O’Rourke ) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
A BILL
To amend title 40, United States Code, to improve veterans service organizations access to Federal surplus personal property.

# Section 1. Short title

This Act may be cited as the “Formerly Owned Resources for Veterans to Express Thanks for Service Act of 2013” or the “FOR VETS Act of 2013”.

# Sec. 2. Veterans access to Federal excess and surplus personal property

Section 549(c)(3) of title 40, United States Code], is amended—
    (1) in subparagraph (A) , by striking“or”at the end;
    (2) in subparagraph (B) —
       (A) in clause (viii), by adding “or” at the end; and
       (B) by striking clause (x) ; and
    (3) by adding at the end the following:
          (C) for purposes of providing services to veterans (as defined in section 101 of title 38]), to an organization whose—
             (i) membership comprises substantially veterans; and
             (ii) representatives are recognized by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs under section 5902 of title 38.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Formosa

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Formosa."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, travel guide, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* "Formosa" (1905), in Things Japanese
* "Formosa", by E. Stevens, in The Chinese Repository, Vol. II (1834)
* "Formosa" in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. IX
* "Formosa (Argentine)," in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)
* "Formosa (China)," in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)

## See also

* "The Island of Formosa" in The Chinese Empire: A General & Missionary Survey
# Forms of Heroes

This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

### Forms of Heroes

Ye Forms of Heroes slumb'ring here, Beneath these tombstones cold and drear, On which the moss of age has slept, Since one fond heart has o'er you wept, Oh tell me, if a Mortal's prayer, Can ever wake your spirits, where They sleep the dark dread sleep of death. Tell me if now the laurel wreath, Which Glory twin'd around your head, Can wake amid the silent dead, One glance of that proud martial blaze Which led your feet in slaughter's ways.
# Forncrook v. Root

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
127 U.S. 176
Forncrook v. Root
W. P. Wells, for appellant. M. D. Leggett and J. A. Osborne, for appellee.
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Forrest v. Jack

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
294 U.S. 158
Forrest v. Jack
Argued: Dec. 11, 1934. --- Decided: Feb 4, 1935
Mr. James F. Pierce, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Mr. George P. Barse, of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice BUTLER delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Grand Trunk Railway of Canada v. Walker

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
154 U.S. 653
Grand Trunk Railway of Canada v. Walker
John Rand, for plaintiff in error.
A. A. Strout, for defendant in error.
Mr. Chief Justice WAITE delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada v. Ives

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
144 U.S. 408
Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada v. Ives
E. W. Meddaugh and Otto Kirchner, for plaintiff in error.
Don M. Dickinson and E. G. Stevenson, for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice LAMAR delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Grand Trunk Railway of Canada v. Walker/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
154 U.S. 653
Grand Trunk Railway of Canada v. Walker
Although much, and probably all, the testimony in this case is embodied in the bill of exceptions, the only exception taken below was to the following instruction to the jury:
'The defendants, if they undertook to manage and conduct the business of running their trains by telegraph, were bound to have a proper and fit telegraph line for this purpose, with a reasonable number of telegraph stations and operators to properly conduct and control the movements of the trains. And it is for the jury to decide whether this duty was performed by the defendants, or whether they were guilty of negligence and want of ordinary care in this respect, by not having the requisite number of telegraph stations and operators for conducting the business of the road. If they were guilty of such negligence and want of care, and thus occasioned the injury, which otherwise would not have occurred, then the jury would be authorized to find a verdict for plaintiff.'
We see no error in this instruction as an abstract principle of law, and no complaint is made of it here on that account. The whole effort on the part of the plaintiff in error has been to show that upon the evidence the verdict ought to have been in its favor. That question we cannot consider. The instruction was right, and certainly not so far inapplicable to the allegation in the writ as to justify a reversal of the judgment on that account.
The judgment is affirmed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada v. Michigan Railroad Commission

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
231 U.S. 457
Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada v. Michigan Railroad Commission
Argued: October 23 and 24, 1913. --- Decided: December 8, 1913
Messrs. George W. Kretzinger, Jr., George W. Kretzinger, and Aldis B. Browne for appellants.
Mr. Hal H. Smith and Mr. Grant Fellows, Attorney General of Michigan, for appellees.
Mr. Justice McKenna delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Grand Trunk Western Railway Company v. Lindsay

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
233 U.S. 42
Grand Trunk Western Railway Company v. Lindsay
Argued: and submitted February 27, 1914. --- Decided: April 6, 1914
Mr. George W. Kretzinger, Jr., for plaintiff in error.
[Argument of Counsel from page 43 intentionally omitted]
Mr. James C. McShane for defendant in error.
Mr. Chief Justice White delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Joseph Kennedy (August 22, 1940)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
August 22, 1940.
Dear Joe:-
The President has asked me to send you the enclosed letter for Mr. Churchill. Will you please be good enough to see that he gets it?
We are all thinking of you much these days.
With affectionate regards in which the President joins,
As ever,
Honorable Joseph P. Kennedy, American Embassy, London, England.
(Enclosure)
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Harry Hopkins (July 9, 1941)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
THE WHITE HOUSE :
| washington |||
| July 9, 1941. |||
| MEMORANDUM FOR |||
| | H.H. |
| Will you prepare a reply to Churchill? |||
| F.D.R. |||
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Vannevar Bush (October 11, 1941)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
CONFIDENTIAL
October 11, 1941.
MEMORANDUM FOR DR. VANNEVAR BUSH
I have sent the letter, as you suggested, and I suggest we fill in the blank, not with a letter of the alphabet, but with the word "Maudson". I enclose the letter to Mr. Churchill with that notation in it. Is this all right?
F.D.R.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Winston Churchill (December 10, 1941)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
PERSONAL AND
December 10, 1941.
FOR FORMER NAVAL PERSON FROM THE PRESIDENT
I know you will understand why it is impossible for me to leave Washington until January sixth. We are in the throes of mobilization and the preparations for the new Congress.
The production and allocation problems are will being worked out with complete understanding and accord. Because of the naval situation, Hawaii and West Coast, we shall have to use allotted planes for about three weeks but expect like to resume regular schedule of shipments to you and Russia by January first. Practically all other Lend Lease articles are continuing to be shipped.
I wholly agree about the gravity of naval position especially in Pacific. We are both of us reduced to defensive fighting in Pacific Islands and Malaya. At this moment you cannot help us there and we cannot help you except with very small American naval forces now retiring southward from Philippines. Only small reinforcements on both sides can be sent to that area immediately. My first impression is that full discussion would be more useful a few weeks hence than immediately,
However, I will wholeheartedly and gladly accept your opinion on timing. Overjoyed to have you here at White House. If you come, give consideration Canadian route, Bermuda route with plane from there, or sea route all the way.
I know you will disregard anything I may say to you about the personal risk but I want you to remember that it is essential for Empire and us that you stay at the helm.
There are a number of things relating to joint operations that we will be discussing over the radio with you very soon.
Best regards
ROOSEVELT
F. D. R.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Paul Reynaud (June, 1940)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
June 13, 1940 Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
​For Reynaud
I was $^{personally}$ particularly impressed by your declaration that France will continue the fight on behalf of democracy even if it means slow withdrawal even to North Africa and the Atlantic. It is most important to remember that the French and British fleets continue mastery of the Atlantic and other oceans. Also to remember that vital materials from the outside world are necessary to maintain all armies.
I was also greatly heartened by what P.M. Churchill said a few days ago about the resistance continued resistance of the British Empire and this determination would seem to apply equally to the great French Empire all over the world. Naval power in world affairs still carries the lessons of history, as Admiral Darlan well knows.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Lord Lothian (July 1940)

* related portals: World War II, Letters.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
​My dear Lord Lothian:
Thank you for your letter of July 9th in which you were good enough to inform me of the appointment of the Duke of Windsor as Governor of the Bahamas. Will you express my appreciation to the Prime Minister for his thoughtfulness in desiring me to have advance information in this matter.
Very sincerely yours,
His Excellency The Right Honorable The Marquess of Lothian, C.H., British Ambassador.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Mackenzie King (August 19, 1940)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Hyde Park, N. Y., August 19, 1940.
Dear Mackenzie:-
I think this will interest you. It was over two weeks on its way from Berlin and coming from an American, long a resident in Germany, it has especial value. The writer was, I think, inclined to be pro-Nazi up to the time of the Munich Conference.
As ever yours,
The Right Honorable William Lyon Mackenzie King, C. N. G., Prime Minister of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
(Enclosure) Copy of Alexander Kirk's letter of July 29, 1940.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Franklin D. Roosevelt to Winston Churchill (April 2, 1941)

* related portals: World War II.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
| STANDARD FORM NO 14A. Approved by the President March 10, 1926 | From | The White House Washington |
| TELEGRAM OFFICIAL BUSINESS—GOVERNMENT RATES | From | The White House Washington |
| | U.S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE131254 | U.S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE131254 |
CABLEGRAM
April 2, 1941.
TO A FORMER NAVAL PERSON
I have this morning allotted funds for the building of 58 additional shipping ways and 200 additional ships stop I have also made complete arrangements for repairs to merchant ships and for your larger friends
ROOSEVELT
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse