# A short introduction or guiding to print, write, and reade Inglish speech

This is one of the early works of William Bullokar, written in his 40-letter reformed alphabet to facilitate reading. It contains more visually fused ligatures, rendered here as ɧ, ђ, ħ̹, and ƥ, which were printed in later works as more separate: ſh, th, th̜, and ph.
* Pamphlet to the Reader
* Title Page
* Alphabet
* Short Introduction
* Written Alphabet
* Commodities of the Amendment
This Pamphlet to the Reader.
Condemne me not before ye trie, my cause in euerie part : Reason and Truth, will pleade for me, vse you an vpright hart.
My Brother (bꝏke at large) can tell, if you haue any doubt, And can make answere verie well that I dꝏ go about,
To shew my Father is but pꝏre, and lackth wherewith he might Set fꝏrth my Brother me before, most comely to your sight.
My Sister (Grammer) lieth at home, abyding my gꝏd chaunce: If I spéede ill, she will then mourne, and neuer hir aduance.
My Cousin Dictionarie tꝏ, I know doth lack me much, Whose second chéefe part, many know deformde with byle and botch.
If gꝏd luck happen vnto me, the true picture of voice : Greater things also staide wilbe, all England will reioice.
The youth therein will me embrace, whose gaine I wholie séeke: The parents purse will finde much ease, erst was there neuer like.
God graunt my Father be in place, if I be offerd wrong, Rightly t'enforme hir Noble grace, whom I wish to reigne long.
In ioyfull state and prosprous health, Elizabeth by name, Most vertuous Prince for Inglands wealth, ⟨hereto say all, Amen.⟩
A short Introduction or guiding to print, write, and reade Inglish speech: conferred with the olde printing and writing: deuised by VVilliam Bullokar:
And he that doubteth in any part thereof, shall be more fully satisfied by a bꝏke deuised by the same Author at large, for the amendment of ortographie for Inglish spéech, which shall be imprinted shortly, which bꝏke at large an­swereth all objections, and openeth all doubts in this amendment of orto­graphie. So that this pamphlet is printed for a short prꝏfe of the same worke at large, both for the short shew of the vse of that amendment, and a briefe collection (out of the same bꝏke at large) of the commodities like to growe by the vse of the same amendment: By the helpe whereof a ruled Grammer for Inglish is made (not yet in print): to the great helpe of a perfite Dictionarie in time to come, and alreadie purposed: To the perfite staie and easie vse of Inglish spéech, as long as letters endure, to no small commoditie of this our nation, with great credit for Inglish spéech among all other strange nations: herevnto also is ad­ded (at the end) the vse of the same orto­graphie in writing easie to be followed of all writers.
Euen as printing to the world brought light: So vnto Inglish this starre shineth bright. And as speech was cause letters were deuizd, So let them not from right speech be disgizd.
Printed at London, by Henrie Denham. 1580.
A rul tꝏ v̹nderstand ђis tabl̛ folowịng.
Ђe námź of ђe ne̛w letterź, sett v̛nder ђe ɧort strýkʒ, appe̛r by ђe ol̛d letterź or sillabl̛ź, sett oưer ђe sam ɧort strýkʒ. Ђe sou̹ndʒ of ђóz ne̛w letterź, ap­pe̛r by ђe ol̛d singl̛ letterź oưer ђem, or by ђe sillabl̛ sou̹ndeḍd and læưịng ou̹t : eef, in theef) exc̛ept, ђat hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź ke̛p su̹ch v̛o̹weĺ hal̛ƥ sou̹ndẹd. And lýk­wiz, ђæz figurź in ђe sqárź v̹nder wrýtṇ́, may aid ón in ђe rulź for lærnịng ђe ol̛d, after he̛ haħ̹ lærńẹd ђe ne̛w, ђeir paierź appe̛r in ђe pág̛ folowịng.
Ђe tabl̛.
| a — a | b — b | kée — c | cée — c̛ | chée — ch | d — d | e : ea — e : æ | ée — e̛ |
| f — f | ga — g tu̹rń a intꝏ e̛. | gée — g̛ | hée — h | i — i | k — k | l — l | v̹l — l̛ |
| m — m | v̹m — ḿ | n — n | v̹n — ń | o — o | be̛twe̛n o : & : v — ꝏ | p — p | phée — ƥ |
| quée — q | r — r | rr — ŕ | ſ — ſ | ſhǽ — ɧ | t — t | thée — ђ | théef — ħ̹ |
| v — v | ou̹ — v̹ | vée — v̛ | wée — w | whée — wh | x — x | yée — y | zée — z |
Here followeth the short Introduction.
Qestion.
Ho̹w many letterź serư for  e̛ngliɧ spe̛ch?
Answer.
Ђær be̛ seưń and ħ̹irty letterź, of seưń and ħ̹irty seưeral̛ námź, agre̛ịng tꝏ seưń and ħ̹irty seưeral̛ sou̹ndź in v̛oic̛, vzẹd in e̛ngliɧ spe̛ch: be̛sýd ђe sou̹nd of seưń diƥħ̹ongʒ.
Qestion.
Which be̛ ђey?
Answer.
a. b. c. c̛. ch. d. e. e̛. f. g. g̛. h. i. l. l̛. m. ḿ. n. ń. o. ꝏ. p. q. r. s. ɧ. t. ђ. ħ. ħ̹. v. v̹. v̛. w. th. x. y. z. v̹ntꝏ ђæz ár adẹd k. of ђe sou̹nd of : c : and al̛so : ƥ : of ђe sou̹nd of : f : wiħ̹ ђeir paierz͑, al̛so :ŕ: (by it selƥ) of ђe sou̹nd of : er.
Qestion.
What mæn ye̛ by sayịng wiħ̹ ђeir paierź?
Answer.
Eưery letter ђat haħ̹ ђe nám and soưnd of an ơђer letter, iz cal̛ẹd a paier tꝏ su̹ch letter, wiħ̹ whꝏm̜ it agre̛e̜ħ̹ in nám and sou̹nd, ђowh ħeir figurź be̛ diưerz: az appe̛re̜ħ̹ next folowịng be̛twe̛n ђe do̹bl̛ prik.
A a : B b: C c : C̛ c̛ : Ch ch : D d : E e æ : E̛ e̛ : F f : G g : I ị g̛ : H h : I i y : K k : L l : l̛ : M m : ḿ : N n : ń : O o : ꝏ : P p : Ƥ ƥ : Q q : R r r  : ŕ : S s s ʒ : Ҕ ɧ : T t : Ђ ђ : Ћ̹ ħ̹ : U v y : U̹ v̹ y̹ o̹ ȹ̹ ꝏ̹ : Ư v̛ ư : W w : Wh wh : X x : Y y : Z z.
Qestion.
Ho̹w many v̛o̹welź be̛ ђær in e̛nglish spe̛ch?
Answer.
Ђær be̛ eiht v̛o̹welź in e̛ngliɧ spe̛ch, ђat iz tꝏ say : a : e : e̛ : i : o : ꝏ : v : v̹ : wiħ̹ ђeir paierź.
Qestion.
Ho̹w many hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź be̛ ђær?
Answer.
Ђær be̛ fower hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź, ђat iz tꝏ say: l̛ : ḿ : ń : ŕ:
Qestion.
What ár al̛ ђe o̹ђer letterź cal̛ẹd?
Answer.
Al̛ ђe o̹ђer letterź ár cal̛ẹd consonantʒ, bicau̹z ђey can not be̛ sou̹ndẹd in any word or sillabl̛, exc̛ept ón of ђe v̛o̹welź abo̹ư saiẹd, or ón of ђe paierź of ħóz v̛o̹welź be̛ in ђe sám word or sillabl̛.
Qestion.
What v̛o̹welź be̛ of long sou̹nd?
Answer.
Ђæz ħ̹re̛ v̛o̹welź : e̛ : ꝏ : v : (cal̛ẹd long v : ) ár al̛way of long sou̹nd: al̛so : u : (cal̛ẹd ɧort : u) and : æ : (cal̛ẹd æ diƥħ̹ong) be̛ al̛way of long sou̹nd.
Qestion.
What v̛o̹welź be̛ of ɧort sou̹nd?
Answer.
Ђæz fiư v̛o̹welź : a : e : (cal̛ẹd e flat and ɧort): i (cal̛ẹd i : ɧort) o : v̹ : (cal̛ẹd, v̹, long) be̛ al̛way of ɧort sou̹nd: al̛so y : cal̛ẹd, long : y : u̹ : (cal̛ẹd, ɧort : u̹ ) and :o̹: (cal̛ẹd rou̹nd : o̹ ) : ȹ : cal̛ẹd, do̹bl̛ : ȹ : (and ꝏ̹ : cal̛ẹd : ꝏ̹, de­rýưatiư) be̛ al̛way of ɧort sou̹nd : exc̛ept ón of ђæz acc̛entʒ (´) cal̛ẹd singl̛ acc̛ent (ˆ) cal̛ẹd forkẹd acc̛ent (˝) cal̛ẹd dobl̛ acc̛ent be̛ sett oưer : a : e : y or o : ђu̹s : á â a̋ : é ê e̋ : ý ỳ y̋ : ó ô ő : or ђat a : e : or : y : be̛ do̹bl̛ẹd, ħu̹s, aa : ee : yi : or : iy : for  ђen any of ђóz acc̛entʒ, oưer any su̹ch ɧort v̛o̹wel, or  ђe do̹bl̛ịng of su̹ch ɧort v̛o̹wel, cau̹ze̜ħ̹ ђe sám v̛o̹wel tꝏ be̛ sou̹n­dẹd long, exc̛eptịng al̛way, ђat whær any consonant iz do̹bl̛ẹd, ђe v̛o̹wel or do̹bl̛ v̛o̹wel goịng next be̛fór, iz al̛way of ɧort sou̹nd : and tꝏ ђis end che̛fly, a conso­nant iz do̹bl̛ẹd at ђe end of wordʒ, yet sou̹ndẹd az sin​gl̛: az of ђe v̛erb, ꝏ hýd: hýdḍ or hýdḍń: or tꝏ slýd: slýdḍ or slýdḍń: or to být : býtṭń : And if : e̛a : e̛ : or æ : be̛ ђe next v̛o̹wel or diƥħ̹ong be̛fór su̹ch do̹bl̛ con­sonant, ђen iz : e̛a : (cal̛ẹd : e̛ : diƥħ̹ong) sou̹ndẹd flat and ɧort, of ђe sou̹nd and tým of : e : az in he̛arḍd : rædḍ : spe̛dḍ : fe̛lṭt : me̛tṭ : mænṭt : of ђe v̛erbʒ tꝏ he̛ar: tꝏ ræd : tꝏ spe̛d : tꝏ fe̛l : tꝏ me̛t : tꝏ mæn : and sou̹n­dẹd, az : herd : red : sped : felt : met : ment.
Qestion.
What iz cal̛ẹd a diƥħ̹ong?
Answer.
When twꝏ v̛o̹welź co̹m tꝏgeђer, and ár spelẹd tꝏge­ђer in ón sillabl̛, ђóz twꝏ v̛o̹welź so sou̹ndẹd tꝏgeђer mák a diƥħ̹ong, and ár cal̛ẹd a diƥħ̹ong.
Qestion.
Ho̹w many diƥħ̹ongʒ be̛ ђær?
Answer.
Ђær be̛ seưń diƥħ̹ongʒ, ђat iz tꝏ say : ay : au̹ : ey : eu̹ : oy : ow : ꝏy : tꝏ ђæz may be adẹd : uy : se̛ldo̹m in vc̛ : al̛so, i : may be̛ uzed in ђe plac̛ of : y : and so may : v̹ : in ђe plac̛ of : u̹ :
Qestion.
Dꝏ no oђer v̛o̹welź mák a diƥħ̹ong when ђey co̹m tꝏgeђer?
Answer.
So̹m tým o̹ђer v̛o̹welź ár spelẹd tꝏgeђer in ón sil­labl̛, also a hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel folowịng an o̹ђer v̛o̹wel, iz spelẹd and sou̹ndẹd wiħ̹ ђe sám v̛o̹wel in ón sillabl̛, az ђe o̹ђer seưn diƥħ̹ongʒ befór ɧewẹd : But ђæz last námẹd diƥħ̹ongʒ dꝏ not incræc̛ any seưeral̛ sou̹nd v­zẹd in e̛ngliɧ spe̛ch: for eưery of ђem iz of ђe sou̹nd of ón of ђe singl̛ v̛o̹welź, or of ђe soưnd of a sillabl̛ : and ár ђæz ђat folow, and su̹ch lýk, whꝏź sou̹ndʒ agre̛ịng tꝏgeђer, ђat be̛ wrýtṇ́ tꝏgeђer be̛twe̛n ђe dobl̛ prik, ђu̹s : oa o : ov̹ ou̹ o̹w ȹwv̹ u̹ o̹ ȹ : ꝏ̹ : e̛a e̛æ e̛ : e̛v ​e̛u e̛w v u : al̛, au̹l : aḿ, au̹m : ań, au̹n : oń, ou̹n : ol̛, ou̹l : Al̛so twꝏ hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź co̹mịng next after an o̹ђer v̛o̹wel, may mák a triƥħ̹ong, az in : hol̛ḿ, cal̛ḿ : &c. Which differenc̛ of figurź of ón sou̹nd, iz vzẹd che̛fḷy, tꝏ ɧew ђe differịng of significac̛ionź, or mænịngʒ of eqiưocʒ and eqiưocal̛ź. Ђe ɧortẹst sou̹nd of any diƥ­ħ̹ong, haưịng longẹr tým ђan any v̛o̹wel of ɧort sou̹nd, ђe do̹bl̛ịng of a consonant after : e̛a : e̛ : or æ : exc̛eptẹd az iz be̛fór ɧewẹd.
Qestion.
What rulź ár ђær for spelịng?
Answer.
1 Nót v̛o̹welź,hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź, and diƥħ̹ongʒ al̛so, in eưery word, sillabl̛ź tꝏ know.
2 For eu'ery of ђæz encræc̛ sillabl̛ź, among which, nót diƥħ̹ongʒ, and hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź.
3 For al̛ hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź ár spelḍ móst alón: exc̛ept ђey folow a v̛o̹wel in ón.
4 If ђat v̛o̹welź twꝏ or ħ̹re̛ stand along, let not : i : nor v̹ : be̛gin a diƥħ̹ong.
5 And in lýk maner, I say : e̛ : and : v : se̛ld be̛gin diƥħ̹ong, if ye spel it tru.
6 And triƥħ̹ong se̛ld in e̛ngliɧ iz vzẹd, exc̛ept in rár wordʒ from strańg̛erź derýưẹd.
7 Consonant twixt v̛o̹welź ịoin tꝏ ђe last : exc̛ept : x : ịoind tꝏ ђe vo̹wel be̛fór : So móst týmź : w : in diƥħ̹ong set ye̛ mu̹st, v̹nlæst ђat : be̛ : be̛fór it, stand in stór.
8 If consonantʒ twꝏ in midst of wordʒ be̛, deưýd ђem apart ђen spel ye̛ truḷy.
9 If consonantʒ ħ̹re̛ in midst of wordʒ stand, deưýd ђe first ón, ley twꝏ in ón hand.
10 Yet in ђeez, wiħ̹ou̹t, wiħ̹in, and, v̹pon : in, ou̹t, and on, ár spelẹd true alón.
11 r, after consonant, wiħ̹ it iz ịoinḍ, and so lýk wyz l, móst týmź we fýnd.
12 If diưerz sillabl̛ź be̛ in a word, let sillabl̛, be̛, wiħ̹ nón elc̛ accord.
13 Wordʒ compou̹nded, formẹd, or derýưẹd, in ђeir seưeral̛ sortʒ mu̹st be̛ deưýdẹd.
14 Compou̹ndʒ haư ђis mark (-) declýnạtiưʒ ђis ( ̜ ) deriưạtiưʒ ђis mark (.) tꝏ ɧhew that æch iz.
15 Yet declýnạtiưʒ, deriưạtiuʒ tꝏ, ár sou̹ndẹd in v̛oic̛, az rulʒ be̛fór go.
16 And ђis strýk (|), iz exc̛epc̛ion g̛erenal̛, tꝏ spel wordʒ truḷy, then ђæz rulź fail al̛.
17 Nót well, ђær iz neưer true sillabl̛, wiħ̹hou̹t v̛o̹wel, diƥħ̹ong, or hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel.
18 And ħ̹owh hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź be̛ spelḍ best alón, yet ђe next consonant it depende̜ħ̹ on.
19 By e̩ʒ, or ʒ, ђe plural̛ dꝏ ges, whꝏź simpl̛ź g̛enitiưʒ, end, eʒ, or ʒ.
Qestion.
No̹w may ђe ol̛d wrýtịng, and printịng, wiħ̹ xxiiii. letterź, be̛ lærńẹd, by su̹ch az lærń first ђe new or­tografy?
Answer.
Nót ђat for ħ̹irty seưń sou̹ndʒ, vzẹd in e̛ngliɧ v̛oic̛, ónly : a : b : d : f : k : x, haư perfit nám in choic̛:
For at ђe o̹ђer letterź vzḍ. in ђ'old ortografy, ár (at ђe læst) of do̹bl̛ sou̹nd, or haư ђeir námź awry.
c. c: haħ̹ ђe sou̹nd of : c̛ : al̛way, ịoinḍ befor : e : or : i, in æch plác̛ elc̛, it haħ̹ ђe sou̹nd of : k : hiz paier nih.
g. g : ịoinḍ be̛fór ђóz (e : or : i) iz oft sou̹ndẹd az : g̛ : in æch plác̛ elc̛, hiz perfit sou̹nd iz, (az in gamma) g.
e. e : iz al̛so of do̹bl̛ sou̹nd : (ђat iz) now : e : ђen : e̛ : ea : yeloħ̹ oft sou̹nd for ђe first : ђe lærńẹd wou̹ld gladḷy,
Mák plain ђe last, by ђis : ee : by : eo : or : ie, bu̹t móst men læư : e : dou̹tf̣u̹lḷy : by rót ye̛ mu̹st ђen say.
h. h : dꝏħ̹ aspýr ђe v̛o̹wel next : bu̹t : c : p : s : t : w : ịoinḍ be̛fór it, mu̹st haư sou̹nd az, ch : ƥ : ɧ : ђ : ħ̹ : wh.
i. i : be̛ginịng a sillabl̛, be̛fór any v̛o̹wel, iz ђen be̛co̹m a consonant :
and ị hiz sou̹nd dꝏħ̹ tel.
l. l : at ђe end of sillabl̛, iz móst sou̹ndẹd alón, az : l̛ hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel, ђowh ịoinḍ az, le : el : il : vl in ón.
m. m : iz móst týmź a hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel, ịoinḍ wiħ̹ : e : at ђe end of a sillabl̛, and sou̹ndẹd az : ḿ : ye̛ shal̛ móst sýnd.
n. n : at ђe end of sillabl̛, iz sou̹ndẹd móst alón, az : ń : hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel) ђowh ịoinḍ az, ne : en : on : vn : in ón.
r. r: iz sou̹ndẹd az iz : e̩r, a hal̛ƥ v̛o̹wel al̛so : then : e : next it in sillabl̛ endħ̹, (az : re) móst dꝏ it know.
o. o: haħ̹ ħ̹rée sou̹ndʒ and v̛o̹welź al̛: az : ꝏ : long, iz ђe ón : ђe oђer ɧort, az : o : or o̹ : suŕ rul for ђæz iz nón.
q. what mákeħ̹ : u : after ol̛d : q : exc̛ept ђe kyt ɧou̹ld tæch vs, ho̹w tꝏ spel : ђærfór in v̛ain, ђe cat dꝏħ̹ wær a bre̛ch.
s. s: haħ̹ móst týmź ђe grónịng sou̹nd (of : z : co̹mịng be̛twe̛n twꝏ v̛o̹welź, be̛ịng in ón word: so̹m wordʒ exc̛eptẹd be̛n.
t. t: ịoinḍ in sillabl̛ be̛fór : iz from latin wordʒ derýưẹd. wiħ̹ o̹ђer v̛o̹wel next after : i : ђen : t : az : c̛ : iz sou̹ndẹd.
v. v: iz al̛so of trebl̛ sou̹nd : lýk consonant : v̛ ђe first : ђe second lýk ђe v̛o̹wel : v̹ : lýk : v : we̛ sou̹nd ђe last.
v : iz al̛way a consonant, when ђat it dꝏħ̹ be̛gin a sillabl̛, be̛fór a v̛o̹wel, or ђat it stand be̛twe̛n
e : at ђe end of sillabl̛, wiħ̹ v̛o̹wel it be̛fór, ịoinẹd in ón, mark ye̛ ђis wel : ye̛ ne̛d tꝏ nót no mór.
And : y: iz sou̹ndẹd lýk tꝏ : v̹ : in diƥħ̹ong ịoiṇed last. or ịoinḍ be̛fór a consonant, whær : e: iz not in wást :
For : e : after ón consonant wiħ̹ : v : be̛fór ђe sám: (and ịoinẹd in ón sillabl̛) mákħ̹ : v : tꝏ ke̛p hiz nám :
And lýk wiz : v : iz sou̹ndẹd : v :
when it iz spelḍ alón : or ђat it folow consonant, and end ђær-wiħ̹ in ón.
y. y : haħ̹ al̛so a do̹bl̛ sou̹nd : az : y : it dꝏħ̹ be̛gin a sillabl̛ be̛fór a v̛o̹wel :
or elc̛ : iz : i : I we̛n.
h : q : w : z. And ђowh ђat : h : q : w : and z : be̛fór had a wrong nám, yet dꝏ ђeir sou̹ndʒ agre̛ az ón, bóђ ol̛d and ne̛w ђe sám.
tým of v̛o̹welź. And tꝏ conclud, ђis : e : at end of wordʒ, encræc̛ħ̹ no stór of sou̹nd, bu̹t dꝏħ̹ encræc̛ ђe tým, of v̛o̹wel next be̛fór.
And o̹ђer help for any tým, (in v̛o̹welź) ђær iz nón : bu̹t ónḷy by superfluo̹s : e : or consonantʒ twꝏ in ón.
abreưi­ac̛ionź. Among abreưiac̛ionź, in ђat our printing ol̛d, ђe strýk ђus mád (-) for : m : or : n : v̹n-c̛erteinḷy men hol̛d.
Az : e : iz said superfluo̹s, so iz : g : be̛fór : h : and so̹m tým be̛fór : n : al̛so : v̛oid ár se̛ld : l : and : b.
Bu̹t if ђat : a: dꝏ folow : h : ђe consonant be̛fór, haħ̹ hiz fu̹l sou̹nd (for ђe móst part) and ɧu̹l̛ђ : h : out of dór.
Exampl̛ź wrowht by ђæz eiht browht in siht, ђe su̹tl̛ fou̹ht : so̹m princ̛e̹ʒ rein, weihħ̹ sowdịorʒ́ gain : yet haħ̹ ou̹r ræḿ no dou̹t.
ђowh worldly wihtʒ, vz ђeir delihtʒ, and nawhtị Ҕorham ɧór, set Wingham bak, tꝏ Wikham-lák, Bu̹ckingham lau̹hṭ ђærfór.
| Examples wrowght, by these eight browght in sight, the subtil fought, some princes raigne, weigheth sowldiers gaine, yet hath our realme no doubte. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$exampl̛ of ђe ol̛d. |
| Thowgh worldly wightes, vse their delightes, and nawghty Shorham shore, sett wingham backe, to wikham lake, Buckingham lawght therefore. | $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,$exampl̛ of ђe ol̛d. |
And ђowh ђe v̛erc̛e̜ʒ next be̛fór, haư æzẹd mu̹ch you̹r dou̹t: yet ár ђey not su̹ffic̛ịent, yu̹ng yuħ̹ tꝏ gýd abou̹t.
Tꝏ lærń ђ'ol̛d wiħ̹ou̹t ђe ne̛w : bu̹t by contrary gýz, bóђ may be̛ lærńẹd in hal̛ƥ ђe tým, (and les) and wiђ mór æz.
Be̛sýd al̛ ђis, ђ'ol̛d did defác̛ ou̹r langag̛, v̛ery mu̹ch, amo̹ng strańg̛erź, whꝏ neưer ħ̹owht e̛ngliɧ spe̛ch tꝏ be̛ su̹ch :
ђat perfit figur cou̹ld be̛ mád tꝏ ɧew æch sou̹nd, and so, a rulẹd grammer tꝏ be̛ mád ђey ár dec̛eiưḍ I know.
A rul tꝏ v̹nderstand ђis tabl̛ folowịng.
Ђe námź of ђe ne̛w letterź, sett v̛nder ђe ɧort strýkʒ, appe̛r by ђe ol̛d letterź or sillabl̛ź, sett oưer ђe sam ɧort strýkʒ. Ђe sou̹ndʒ of ђóz ne̛w letterź, ap­pe̛r by ђe ol̛d singl̛ letterź oưer ђem, or by ђe sillabl̛ sou̹ndẹd and læưịng ou̹t : eef, in theef) exc̛ept, ђat hal̛ƥ v̛o̹welź ke̛p su̹ch v̛o̹weĺ hal̛ƥ sou̹ndẹd. And lýk­wiz, ђæz figurź in ђe sqárź v̹nder wrýtṇ́, may aid ón in ђe rulź for lærnịng ђe ol̛d, after he̛ haħ̹ lærńẹd ђe ne̛w, ђeir paierź appe̛r lýk wýz in ђe be̛ginịng.
Ђe tabl̛.
| a — a | b — b | kée — c | cée — c̛ | chée — ch | d — d | e : ea — e : æ | ée — e̛ |
| f — f | ga — g tu̹rń a intꝏ e̛. | gée — g̛ | hée — h | i — i | k — k | l — l | v̹l — l̛ |
| m — m | v̹m — ḿ | n — n | v̹n — ń | o — o | be̛twe̛n o : & : v — ꝏ | p — p | phée — ƥ |
| quée — q | r — r | rr — ŕ | ſ — ſ | ſhǽ — ɧ | t — t | thée — ђ | théef — ħ̹ |
| v — v | ou̹ — v̹ | vée — v̛ | wée — w | whée — wh | x — x | yée — y | zée — z |
The commodities of the amendment of ortographie for Inglish speech.
First the youth, and all learners, may reade and write Inglish in a quarter of the time, that they haue learned in time past : for af­ter they knowe the names of the letters, and which are vowels and halfe vowels, from the consonants, and haue the true soundes of the diph­thongs, with the time of the vowels, and haue also learned the rules for spelling perfectly (without bꝏke) (all which may be learned in sixe wéekes by a childe of fiue yéeres of age) and one fortnight of ex­ercise in other matter being herevnto added, with true order of spelling accordingly, the childe may be able to take fꝏrth a lesson by himselfe, to his great delight and spéedie learning to reade, and to spell all words truely, while he learneth to write his letters, for change of exercise, without griefe to the learner, or paine to the teacher. The like ease and spéede is for straungers, who hauing the true sound of euery single letter, and notes before shewed (and specially the learned) may with such small instructions before rehersed, studie Inglish spéech priuately in their chã­bers, yea at home in their owne countries, to their great delight, and credit of our language, so long time vnperfect, and therfore accounted in time past barbarous : which we our selues can not denie, as touching the vnperfect writing thereof, not to be ru­led by art of grammer.
2 Item the grammer for Inglish being learned, (which will be most perfectly handled of such a child in one yéere and lesse) will bring great ease to the learning of the Latine and other ruled languages: yea (after some yéeres of discretion) a marueilous helpe to handle any barbarous language: so that our language will be regarded among straungers for ​the easie order and rule thereof, and our nation will excell in learning, and eloquence, (yea in straunge languages also) aboue any nation in the worlde: to the great light of the true knowledge of our selues, and of all transitorie things, our dutie toward God, and our neighbour.
3 Item, the olde writing and printing maye re­maine in the same order that they are now, and as well vnderstanded (and better by the helpe of the grammer for Inglish) euer hereafter, as they are read and vnderstanded at this present time: bicause there is no olde letter left out of vse, and no diffe­rence in the amendment but by adding a little strike or turning, to shew the seuerall sounds of the old let­ters, that were double or treble sounded. And when the aspiration (h) followeth a consonant in one silla­ble, they both are included in one letter, very little differing from the old figure of one of them, and na­med as one letter, according to their olde soundes: with great helpe added for the time of vowels, as may appéere in this new printed Pamphlet of that amendment, and therin bréefly shewed, and as in the written bꝏke of that newe amendment, more at large is handled, easie to be vnderstanded for euer, when it shall be imprinted: wherein also is shewed the sounds of the letters in Latine, as the sounds of them be at this present in vse among the Inglish nation: which Latine (and other strange languages also) may remaine as it is now in perfect vse, and better, and more easily pronounced by a learner, than they could haue béene before this amendment of ortographie for Inglish was made.
4 Item, whereas men be of opinion, that our lan­guage is at this present time in perfect and sensible vse: my opinion is, that it is the great gꝏdnes of God, if the same be now staied in that perfectnes, which may continue as long as letters shal endure: whereas before time (through the imperfect writing ​and printing thereof) the same is changed (more or lesse) in euerie two or thrée ages, as may appéere by the antiquities.
5 Item, whereas before time our nation could bet­ter translate other languages into Inglish, than translate Inglish into other languages (bicause they were driuen to know the parts of spéech, declining, deriuations, compositions, and phrases, by learning first other ruled languages, which required yéeres of more discretion, and longer time : now (by the helpe of the grammer for Inglish) it will be other­wise, and with much more ease : for our grammer for Inglish wil be learned, and vnderstanded by our owne nation, before they be fiue or sixe yéeres of age to their spéedie and easie vnderstanding of other lan­guages thereby, in halfe the time (and lesse) before vsed, to the sauing of great time and expences.
6 Item, the learned (I meane such as haue lear­ned the Latine tꝏng or other languages) may reade this new announcement in one hower, and write the same in one day, and most perfectly vse the same in one wéeke, and they that can already reade and write Inglish onely, may in one day reade this new amendment, and in one wéeke write the same, and most perfectly vse the same in one month (and lesse,) if any gꝏd will and diligence be added, and both the old and new amendment, may be vsed indifferent­ly for a time, as writing remained for a time after printing began. Oh, let not a small time, and very little paine in the elder sort (who by the course of na­ture can haue no long continuance) hinder the lon­ger time and commodities of the yꝏnger, nay (it may be saide of all generations to come.
7 Item, it was no marueil, if sir Thomas Smithes & maister Chesters works did take no place, for their figures and letters differed so greatly from the olde writing and printing, and also they left some letters ​out of vse, that in time to come, there might appéere two languages for one : and doubtfull questions might therby grow vpon the old writing and prin­ting. And all old writings and printings like to lose their full vse thereby, which is the cheefest point of al other before shewed. But now it is not so, and much the better holpen, for that this Author (by the gift of God) hath happened in the time, when such work­men be in Inglande, that can performe the order herof, for the perfect vse of the same, as may appéere by the new printings after this new amendment, whereas sir Thomas Smith & maister Chester were driuen to séeke straungers to fashion their figures, which straungers tꝏke no regarde (neither coulde they, not hauing the natural vse of Inglish spéech) to confer figures fit for Inglish spéech, with regard of the old figures, of whose sound and vse they had no perfect skill. And hereby (in my opinion) came chéef­ly the ill successe of their gꝏd meaning (as may ap­péere by their bꝏkes) for lack of helpe of skilful men within the realme at that time (as I am enformed to be of truth.) But now (thankes be to God) the printer and workmen being Inglish, can aide the Authors meaning, in ioining perfect conference of the olde vse and new togither, which was not possi­ble to be done by straungers, lacking the perfect vse of the voice vsed in Inglish spéech. Besides this, there was no grammer made nor promised by any man vntill now, or at the least, not spoken of abrode, though much desired of straungers and of our owne nation.
8 Item, writing after this new amendment may be vsed in any leageable hand, but hath his perfect bew­tie in the Romaine hand, and such like round hand, and in euerie perfect written hand, both for shorter writing, faire shew, and perfect signification, where­in the learned shall alway excell, as in time past, and ​euer will be.
10 Item, the old printing and writing, and the new amendment agrée in sound of spéech, agrée in the parts of spéech, with one selfe sentence, phrase, and consruction, all which in them both, are conteined vnder like rules of grammer for Inglish, so that, there is no difference betwéene them, but in the fi­gure only, which is made perfect by the new amend­ment, and by the same amendment a grammer is made (which otherwise is impossible to be made:) so that no translation or conference with other lan­guage is changed, but by this new amendment of ortographie and grammer, most certeinly and sure­lie guided, staied, and confirmed, and as long as let­ters endure, most perfectly to be vsed and continued, to no small stay in weightie causes.
Al good gifts come of God : who maketh his instruments as pleaseth himselfe, set­teth vp, plucketh downe, sendeth light, suffereth darknes, and ruleth all times, as pleaseth his godly will.
O E̛ngland ђat of nac̛ionź maist reịoic̛, móst, for Gods giftʒ: wiħ̹ welħ̹, and qiet æz, lift v̹p an v̹mbl̛ mýnd, and syncær v̛oic̛, wiħ̹ dræd and aw ђe Lord God tꝏ dis-plæz : restrain lewd enưy from hiz froward waiz, and hawtị prýd whoꝏm̜ welħ̹ dꝏħ̹ oftń blýnd, which twꝏ last námḍ ár grætṣt foź tꝏ man-kýnd.
God saư ou̹r Qe̛n Elizábeħ̹.
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