OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Ta Chun

Mr. Dakuin K. Lieu
到大鈞字季陶
(Liu Ta-chun)
Mr. Lieu was born at Chinkiang, Kiangsu Province, in 1891. He studied mathematics, science and modern languages under private tutors until he reached the age of 14 when he attended school in Shanghai and Peking. At the former place he attended the Y. M. C. A. School; and at ​the latter he went to the Wu Ch'eng Middle School first and then the Imperial University. In 1911 Mr. Lieu went to America and studied economics at the University of Michigan. In 1915, upon the advice and under the direction of Professor Henry C. Adams, he travelled extensively in the United States studying industrial and financial conditions of that country as affected by the Great War. He received B. A. degree in June and was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa Society. Upon returning to China, Mr. Lieu became English Secretary of the Kiangsu Provincial Educational Association. From 1916 to 1919 he was Professor of Economy in the Tsing Hua College. During 1919-1920 he was Cost Accountant of the Hanyang Iron Works. In 1920 he joined the Government Bureau of Economic information of which he is now Chief of the Research and Investigation Department. In September 1923 Mr. Lieu was appointed expert of the All-China Finance Commission. Mr. Lieu has served at different times as Secretary of the Chinese Delegation to the Washington Conference, Expert of the Special Tariff Conference Preparation Bureau of the Foreign Office, Dean of the English Departinent of the Peking Government Teachers' College, Professor of English of the same college. Mr. Lieu was elected a Fellow of the Royal English Society of Arts in 1920. He is a frequent contributor to Chinese and foreign newspapers and magazines, such as the China Weekly Review, the Wall Street Journal, New York, the London Financier, the Baltimore Sun, the Chinese Social and Political Science Review, the Chinese Bankers' Magazine in Peking, the Peking Daily News, the Peking Leader, and other papers. Mr. Lieu has been awarded the Fourth Order of Chiaho for “contribution to learning and service to society."
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Lo Ch'ang

Mr. Lo Chong
羅昌字文仲
(Lo Ch'ang)
Mr. Lo Chong was born at Paoan Hsien, Kuangtung, in 1883, and received a large part of his education in Honolulu. Mr. Lo is a son-in-law of Kang Yu-wei. In 1903 he went to England and attended Oxford University. After having studied there for fully five years he received his B. A. degree and returned to China. He took the Chinese government's literary examinations for returned students, and received the degree of A. M. His first official position was that of Imperial Clerk in the Ching dynasty. In 1912, upon the establishment of the Republic, Mr. Lo was made secretary to the Minister of Communications. From January 1914 to February 1915 he was Special Commissioner for Foreign Affairs to the Province of Shantung. During his residence in Shantung, Mr. Lo was ​confronted with the most difficult problems demanding solution. These problems related to the siege of Tsingtao by Japan, the delineation of the war zone by China, and other allied subjects connected therewith. In March 1915 Mr. Lo Chong joined the Ministry of Finance. A year later, he was sent to Szechuan to audit the salt accounts. He returned in the winter of the same year, and was sent to Amoy by the government as Superintendent of Customs and Commissioner for Foreign Affairs. In the summer of 1917 Lo Chong was given the concurrent position of Taoyin of Amoy. He, remained, in that port, holding three positions at the same tine, namely Taoyin, Customs Superintendent and Commissioner for Foreign Affairs of Amoy, untiil September 22, 1918 when he was appointed Consul-General at Singapore. Soon after the appointment, Mr. Lo turned over his old offices to his successor and came to Peking to ask for instructions prior to his proceeding to Singapore. Upon his arrival in Peking in January 1919 he was appointed Acting Consul-General to London. In the following month this appointment was substantiated to him. In September 1921 Mr. Lo was transferred to be Acting Consul-General at Singapore. Since April 1922 he has been substantiated as Consul-General to Singapore.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Hsiang

General Liu Hsiang
劉湘字甫臣
General Liu Hsiang was born in 1890 at Tayihsien, a small city to the west of Chengtu, in the province of Szechuan, close up to the Tibetan mountains. According to the old system he received his early education in his own home afterwards attending the Military Academy in Chengtu from which he graduated in 1910. He entered into the military life of the Republic becoming a Colonel in 1914 when he was stationed at Chungking, a Colonel in 1914 when he was stationed at Chungking, a Brigadier General in 1917 while at Yunchwan, and was given a division in 1918 stationed at Szechuan. In 1920 he was given the rank of General in Command of the Second Army while at Paoting, and in the following year was made the Szechuan Generalissimo and Civil Governor at Chungking when Hsiung ​Keh wu was obliged to resign at Chengtu. However he was only able to maintain his position for about a year and in 1922 he resigned all his positions and retired to his home at Tayi to await developments. At that time General Liu Yu Kiu, a native of the same place, was placed in the position of Governor at Chengtu and he tried to induce Liu Hsiang again to take an active part in the affairs of the province. Hsiung Keh Wu had again returned to power and was trying to drive out all those who were opposed to Dr. Sun and Canton. General Liu Hsiang remained in his retirement until Yang Sen had turned the fortunes of war and he then came out to help. Liu Hsiang was made the Director of Reorganization at Wanhsien in 1923 when the plans were being formulated that have succeeded. He was with Yang Sen and Yuan Tzu Ming when they captured Chengtu, and he went immediately with Yuan Tzu Ming to see that the job of extermination was well done. Recently he has been in Luchow and Chungking trying to bring some order out of the confusion which has existed. Many honors have come to Liu Hsiang from the Central government. In 1923 he was made a Chiang-Chun with “Chia-Wei” as title and in 1924 he became a Full General. Other decorations have been given to him from time to time. His present position is that of Director for Defence of the Yunnan Frontier, Commissioner for the Tibetan Frontier and Director of Bandit Suppression. His real position, however, is that of Overlord among the different factions in the province. Liu Hsiang is a conservative. His manner is the manner of the old Chinese literati. He says very little but has a head full of plans which he is trying to work out. Though still a young man he gives the impression of being much older. He has held all the offices his native province can give him and he is doubtless looking to Peking to give him a position that will make it possible for him to settle the affairs of Szechuan.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Shu-yung

Mr. Shu-yung Liu
劉樹塘字樹埔
(Liu Shu-yung)
Mr. Shu-yung Liu was born at Tai-shan district, Kwangtung province, in 1897. He entered the middle school of Tsing Hua College, Peking, in 1911 and was graduated in 1918, going to the United States on a Boxer scholarship in the summer of that year. He studied ceramic engineering at Ohio State University and was graduated from the New York State ​School of Ceramics and Clay Working in 1921 with the degree of B. S. in Ceramic Engineering. After graduation, Mr. Liu was employed by the Thatcher Furnace Company of New Jersey and later by the Baltimore Porcelain Enamel Manufacturing Company, as an enamel chemist. He returned to China in 1922 and was one of the promoters of the Chen Kwong Ceramics Company in Hongkong, a million dollar organization. Mr. Liu is at present an engineer of the company.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu T'ing-fang

Dr. Timothy Ting-fang Lew
劉廷芳
(Liu T'ing-fang)
Mr. Lew was born at Wenchow, Chekiang, in 1891 and received his preliminary education at St. John's University, Shanghai, where he won the Viceroy's Medal for Chinese Essay Writing. Dr. Lew then went to America and entered the University of Georgia where he won the Horace Russell Prize in Psychology. He later distinguished himself at Columbia University where he received the degree of B. A. (1914), M. A. (1915) and Ph. D. in Psychology and Education (1920), and was a member of Phi Beta. Kappa. He then studied Theology in the Union Seminary, winning the highest merit scholarship and an appointment to the Dean's Scholarship at Columbia. Later he received from Yale the degree of Bachelor of Divinity (B. D.) in 1918 with magna cum laude, winning also the Fogg Divinity ​Scholarship. He was later appointed an Assistant in the Department of Religious Education in Union Seminary, the first Chinese ever appointed to teach any subject other than Chinese in an American theological school. He was elected to membership in the American Society of Church History and to the Council of the Religious Education Association. Dr. Lew returned to China in 1920, and was appointed Dean of the Graduate School of Education, Peking Government Teachers' College; Professor of Psychology in the National University of Peking; and a member of the theological faculty of the Peking University (Yenching Ta Hsu'eh). In 1921 Dr. Lew was elected Dean of the School of Theology in the Yenching University, resigning his deanship in Teachers' College. His activities since his return to China have been varied, including; joint-editor of China in Education; joint-author with Dr. Hu Suh and others of "China To-day," "Some Aspects of Chinese Civilization;" joint-author with Prof. W. A. McCall of Columbia of "How to Measure in Education," "Method of Constructing Psychological and Educational Tests;" author of "China in America Text Books," "The Psychological Study of Learning Chinese,” "Middle School Intelligence Tests," "Problems of the Chinese Church,” "The Responsibility of Ministers in the Renaissance Movement;" associate editor of The Journal of New Education; editor of The Life Journal; member of the National Christian Council; member of the National Christian Educational Association and Chairman of its Committee of Standardized Tests; Member of the Literature Committee of the National Committee of the Y. M. C. A; Board of Directors of the Peking Y. M. C. A; National Association for the Advancement of Education; Executive Secretary of the Society for the study of International Education; Executive Council of the China Psychological Association; Commission of National Phonetics; Commission of the Ministry of Education on the Investigation of Elementary School Records, etc. In addition to being Dean of the Faculty of Theology and Professor in the Peking University, Dr. Lew is also Professor of the National Peking Normal University and Lecturer of the National University of Peking. Dr. Lew's address is c/o Yenching University, Peking.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Kuan-hsiung

Admiral Liu Kuan-hsiung
劉冠雄字資穎
Admiral Liu Kuan-hsiung was born at Ming-hou Hsien, Fukien Province, in 1858. He was graduated from the Naval School in Fukien and subsequently was sent to England for higher education. Admiral Liu attended the Royal Naval College at Greenwich where he graduated. Upon his return to China, he was given a commission in the Imperial Chinese Navy. Shortly after his joining the navy, the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) broke out and Admiral Lu participated therein. At the Battle of the Yulu he distinguished himself and was afterwards rewarded for his bravery by the Manchu Emperor. Since that time up to the breaking out of the First Revolution, he held various naval offices, from a non-commissioned officer to the commander of a squadron. When the first republican government was formed following the successful issue of the revolution in 1911, Admiral Liu was appointed Minister of Navy as a reward for his services to the republicans during the critical moment of the epoch-mak​ing event. He was a member of the National Council in Nanking. Upon Yuan Shih-kai’s election to the Presidency, he was elected a member of the Southern delegation sent to Peking to convey congratulations. In March 1912 Lu was appointed Minister of Navy in Tang Shao-i's Cabinet. For a few days in June he also acted as Minister of Education. He was Minister of Navy from July to September in Lu Tseng-hsiang's Cabinet. During July 1912 he also acted as Minister of Communications. He held the portfolio of navy in Chao Ping-chun's Cabinet 1912 to July 1913; in Hsiung Hsi-ling's Cabinet from August 1913. In August 1913 he was appointed to hold concurrently the post of High Inspecting Commissioner of the Southern Sea. In December 1913 he was appointed to be Military Governor of Fukien Province. Admiral Liu was Minister of Navy in Sun Paochi's Cabinet from February 1914 to April 1914; in Hsu Shih-chang's Cabinet from May 1914 to April 1916; and in Tuan Chi-jui's Cabinet from April 1916 until the overthrow of Yuan Shih-kai's monarchical movement. Admiral Liu played an important part in this movement. For that reason he was obliged to leave the cabinet upon the collapse of the movement and the subsequent death of Yuan Shili-kai. For one year he lived a private life in Tientsin. In June 1917 occurred the monarchical movement of Chang Hsun. This movement also failed. In July 1917 Marshal Tuan Chijui, who had effected the overthrow of the movement, became Prime Minister, Admiral Liu became Minister of Navy again. This post he held until November 1919 through many changes of premiers. In January 1920 Admiral Liu was awarded the First Order of Merit, having received the highest civil and military decorations already. In June 1921 he received the appointment to investigate the opium plantation in the province of Fukien. In November 1922 Admiral Liu became Pacification Commissioner to Fukien specially delegated by the Peking government. In April 1923 he was appointed High Commissioner of Coastal Defence for Fukien and Kuangtung which position he is still holding.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Lu-nan

Mr. L. N. Lau
到魯男
(Liu Lu-nan)
Mr. L. N. Lau was born in 1892 in the district of Sunwui, Canton, Kwantung Province. He was graduated from Canton Christian College at the age of 23, and went to America, graduating in 1919 from the College of Arts and Sciences of Cornell University. After graduation he went into the real estate business in Florida, organizing the Florida Agricultural Corporation in 1919 which now has a paid-up capital of $200,000. He has been director, vice-president and treasurer of the concern since its organization. Returning to China in 1920, Mr. Lau was appointed secretary to the director of the Canton Mint. When the Chinese Merchants' Bank, Ltd. of Hongkong opened an agency in New York City in 1922, Mr. Lau took charge there and has remained as agent since. In 1924 he was elected vice-president and a director of Vantine, Inc., a flourishing store near Fifth Avenue, New York, dealing in Oriental merchandise. Mr. Lau was one of the founders of the Rho Psi Fraternity at Cornell University, a society particularly well-known to Chinese students in America.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Lo Pan Hwen

Dr. Pan H. Lo
羅泮輝字芹三
Dr. Pan H. Lo, a Cantonese, received his preliminary education at the Chinese Baptist Mission School in San Francisco, Cal., U. S. A.; later studied under private tutor at Queen's College, Hongkong, where he was graduated with the award of the Stewart scholarship for high proficiency in English. Joined Pei Yang University as instructor in English and mathematics in 1904. Entered Harvard University, Cambridge to study economics and government in 1906 and completed his work there for the A. B. degree in 1908. Joined the University of Chicago Law School in the fall of 1908 as a candidate for the J. D. degree and latar also enrolled in the political science department of the University as a candidate for the M. A. degree. Received both advanced degrees in 1911, being the first Chinese recipient of the degree of Juris Doctor in American universities. Dr. Lo's scholarship and high popularity with his American school-mates was shown ​in the honor of his being once elected president of his law class. Dr. Lo returned to China in the autumn of 1911 and joined the revolutionary movement then in progress in Canton. He was placed in charge of foreign relations and also connected with the law drafting bureau. In the early part of 1912, a Presidential mandate appointed him as special commissioner of foreign affairs for Kwangtung province, which post he held till the end of the second revolution of 1913. After leaving politics Dr. Lo taught as professor of law and political science up to the summer of 1924, when he was employed as chief secretary to the Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway administration. Dr. Lo is serving the Shanghai community as one of the five Chinese advisers elected to the International Municipal Council. He also takes much interest in the welfare of his fellow provincials in Shanghai, being vice-chairman of the board of directors of the Cantonese guild and director of the Cantonese free schools and other educational and eleemosynary institutions. His connection with the Comparative Law School of of China, the law department of Soochow University, has been so long and continuous that every graduate of the school has had the benefit of his teaching as lecturer on the law of evidence.
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Shih-hsun

Mr. Liu Shih-hsun
劉式訓字第坐
# Who's Who in China (3rd edition)/Liu Tsun-hou

General Liu Tsun-hou
劉存厚学積之
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/List of Abbreviations

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
| A.-D.-C | Aide-de-Camp. |
| Bart. | Baronet. |
| C. B. | Companion of the Order of the Bath. |
| C. I. | Imperial Order of the Crown of India (Ladies). |
| C. I. E. | Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire. |
| C. M. G. | Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. |
| C. S. I. | Companion of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. |
| C. V. O. | Companion of the Royal Victorian Order. |
| D. S. O. | Member of the Distinguished Service Order. |
| G. C. B. | Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath. |
| G. C. I. E. | Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire. |
| G. C. M. G. | Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. |
| G. C. S. I. | Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India. |
| G. C. V. O. | Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. |
| I. S. O. | Companion of the Imperial Service Order. |
| K. C. B. | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. |
| K. C. I. E. | Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire. |
| K. C. M. G. | Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. |
| K. C. S. I. | Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India, |
| K. C. V. O. | Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order |
| K. G. | Knight of the Order of the Garter. |
| K.-I.-H. | Kaisar-i-Hind Medal. |
| K. P. | Knight of the Order of St. Patrick. |
| K. T. | Knight of the Order of the Thistle, |
| Kt. | Knight Bachelor. |
| M. V. 0. | Member of the Royal Victorian Order |
| V. C. | Victoria Cross ("for Valour"). |
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Madana Mohana Simha, the Hon'ble Raja

​Madana Mohana Simha, the Hon'ble Raja, Devu Garu, Zemindar of Dharkota, Member of the Madras Legislative Council, was granted the personal title of Raja on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar. Address : Dharkota. Madras Presidency.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Mahdi Husain, Nawab Mirza

​Mahdi Husain, Nawab Mirza, Khan Bahadur, C. I. E., whose biography appears in Part IV. pages 94 and 95, of the work was invested with the insignia of Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire by Ills Mai< sty the King-Emperor on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Kishan Sah

​Kishan Sah, Rai Bahadur. C. I. E., whose biography appears in Part IV. page 165, of this work, was invested with the insignia of Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire by His Majesty the King-Emperor, on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Koweit — Shaikh Sir Mubarak Bin Subah, K. C. I. E.

​Koweit — Shaikh Sir Mubarak Bin Subah, K. C. I. E., Ruler of — was granted the insignia of Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire by His Majesty the King-Emperor, on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar. Address : Koweit, Persian Gulf.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Kumana, Edulji Bikaji

​Kumana, Edulji Bikaji, Khan Bahadur, Treasurer, Paper Currency and Government Reserve Treasury, Bombay, was born at Surat on 22nd September. 1852. and educated at Elphinstone High School. Bombay, where he matriculated. He entered Government service in the Salt Department in 1875, and was transferred to his present Department in the following year as Assistant Accountant. He has also served in that Department as Assistant Superintendent and Chief Accountant, and was appointed to the responsible post he now holds in 1903. He is a descendant of the famous Dastur Darab Kumana of Surat, better known as Kumana Daddaru, founder of the Kadmi sect of the Pars is. His title was conferred on the occasion of the Coronation Durbar in 191 1, in recognition of his public services. Address: 347, Chira Bazar, Kalbadevi, Bombay.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Kumaraswami Sastri, Calamur Viravalli, B.A., B.L.

​Kumaraswami Sastri, Calamur Viravalli, B.A., B.L., Diwan Bahadur, Madras Judicial Service, Member of the Board of Examiners, Madras, was born on 29th July, 1870, and educated at Madras Presidency College, where he passed all his examinations in the first class, holding both the Thompson and Elphinstone Scholarships. He also held the Morehead Law Scholarship and gained the Innes Medal at the B. A. examination. He belongs to a family who originally lived in the North Arcot District, his grandfather emigrating to Madras in 1842. He was the Hon'ble Mr. C. V. Runganadha Sastri, and the first Indian Small Cause Court Judge in Madras. The father of the Diwan Bahadur was Mr. C. V. Sundaram Sastri, a leading Vakil. Mr. Kumaraswami Sastri was recently transferred from his post of Judge of the Madras Small Cause Court, which he had held with distinction, to be District Judge of Berhampur. He possesses landed property in Madras and North Arcot. His title was conferred on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar, in recognition of his services to the public. Club: Cosmopolitan Club, Madras. Present Address: Berhampur, Madras Presidency.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/LAKHTAR — Karansinhji Vajirajji, C.S.I.

​LAKHTAR — Karansinhji Vajirajji, C.S.I., Thakur of— a Ruling Chief, a notice of whose State is to be found in Part VII, page 42, of this work, was invested with the insignia of Companion of the Order of the Star of India by His Majesty the King-Emperor, on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/MYSORE — Sri Sir Kantirava Narsinharaja Wadiyar Bahadur, K. C. I. E.

​MYSORE — Sri Sir Kantirava Narsinharaja Wadiyar Bahadur, K. C. I. E., Yuvaraj of—the Heir-Apparent to the Mysore gaddi (an account of which State will be found in Part I, pages 9-13, of this work) was invested with the insignia of Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire by His Majesty the King-Emperor, on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar.
# Who's Who in India Supplement 1 (1912)/Mehta, Nusserwanji Rustomji

​Mehta, Nusserwanji Rustomji, Khan Bahadur, received his title on the occasion of the recent Coronation Durbar. in recognition of his public services. Address: Karachi.