OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The New Student's Reference Work/Montevideo

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​Montevideo (mŏn′tḗ-vĭd′ḗ-ṓ), the capital of Uruguay, is situated on the northern shore of the Plata inlet, about 125 miles east of Buenos Aires. It is built on a low point between the ocean and a small bay.
The city covers about five square miles, and has broad, well-paved streets. A cathedral with towers and a fine dome, opera-house, town-hall, university (with 112 professors and 530 regular students besides 661 pupils receiving secondary instruction) and a museum are among the public buildings. It has large beef-salting establishments, where over 400,000 cattle are killed yearly; and other industries, mainly of articles for home use. It is the cleanest and healthiest city in South America, and has a large foreign population, brought mainly from Italy, Spain and France. The first settlement dates back to 1726. Population 291,465.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Apuré

See also Apure River on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​APURÉ, a river of western Venezuela, formed by the confluence of the Sarare and Uribante at 6° 45′ N. lat. and 71° W. long., and flowing eastward across the Venezuelan llanos to a junction with the Orinoco at about 7° 40′ N. lat. and 66° 45′ W. long. Its drainage area includes the slopes of both the Colombian and Venezuelan Andes. It has a sluggish course across the llanos for about 300 m., and is navigable throughout its length. Its principal tributaries are the Caparro, Portuguesa and Guarico on the north, and the Caucagua on the south. Its lateral channels on the south mingle with those of the Arauca for many miles, forming an extensive district subject to annual inundations.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, John Philip

Edition of 1905. See also John Philip Kemble on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, John Philip (1757-1823). An eminent English actor, the eldest son of Roger Kemble (q.v.). Born at Prescott, in Lancashire, February 1, 1757, he was educated chiefly at a Roman Catholic seminary in Stratfordshire, and at the English College of Douai, in France. On his return to England he adopted the stage as his profession, making his first appearance at Wolverhampton in 1776. On September 30, 1783, he first appeared at Drury Lane in Hamlet — always a favorite character of his — and in 1788 he succeeded to the management of that theatre, where his elder sister, Mrs. Siddons (q.v.). was for some years the leading actress. After the destruction of the building by fire, Kemble raised a new one, which was opened in 1809. In June, 1817, he retired from the stage, and a few days thereafter a public dinner was given him, for which Thomas Campbell composed his Valedictory Stanzas to J. P. Kemble, Esq. He finally took up his residence in Switzerland, where he died on February 20, 1823. His wife, Priscilla Kemble, an actress of ability, whom he had married in 1787, survived him. Kemble was a great tragedian and a man of character. He loved to personate, with his commanding figure and sonorous voice, the loftier heroes of the dramas — kings, prelates, heroes. He was especially successful in Brutus, Wolsey, Macbeth, and Coriolanus. Consult: Boaden, Memoirs of the Life of John Philip Kemble, Esq. (London, 1825) ; FitzGerald, The Kembles (London, 1871) ; Doran, Annals of the Stage, edited by Lowe (London, 1888) ; Baker, English Actors from Shakespeare to Macready (New York, 1879).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, John Mitchell

Edition of 1905. See also John Mitchell Kemble on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, John Mitchell (1807-57). An English historian and philologist, the son of Charles Kemble, the actor, and the brother of Fanny Kemble. He was born in London, England, received his preliminary education at Clapham and at the Bury Saint Edmunds Grammar School, and in 1826 entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where he became an intimate friend of Tennyson, Archbishop Trench, and William B. Donne. He was brilliant, but erratic in his studies, and before he had completed his course entered the Inner Temple for the study of Anglo- Saxon law, in which he had become interested. He failed in 1829 to satisfy the examiners of his proficiency in philosophy, and his degree was 'deferred,' but after a period of study in Germany, where he began his researches in Germanic philology, he was granted his A.B. in 1830, and proceeded to his M.A. in 1833. About this time he became associated with Trench and others in a plan to aid Torrijos in his revolt against Ferdinand VII. of Spain, and sailed to Gibraltar, but the scheme was abandoned, and he returned to Germany to continue his philological studies with Jacob Grimm at Gottingen, and at other universities. An edition of Beowulf, published in 1833, gave him high rank as an Anglo-Saxon scholar. A course of independent lectures on Anglo-Saxon language and literature given at Cambridge in 1834 increased his reputation. From 1835 to 1844 he was editor of the British and Foreign Review. In February, 1840, he was appointed Licenser of Stage Plays in succession to his father, Charles Kemble, and retained the office until his death. In 1830-40 he published his valuable collection of charters of the Anglo- Saxon period under the title of ​Codex Diplomaticus, and in 1849 appeared two volumes of a History of the Anglo-Saxons in England, a work which was never completed, but which remained up to the time of the publication of Bishop Stubbs's Constitutional History the chief authority for the study of the history of England before the Norman Conquest.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, Gouverneur

Edition of 1905. See also Gouverneur Kemble on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, Gouverneur (1786-1875). An American manufacturer, born in New York City. He graduated at Columbia in 1803; traveled extensively in Europe during the Napoleonic wars; was United States Consul at Cadiz under President Monroe ; and was engaged in procuring supplies for the American squadron at the time of the war with Algiers in 1815. In 1817 he established the West Point foundry at Cold Springs. He was a Democratic member of Congress from 1857 to 1841, and was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1846. He was an intimate friend of Washington Irving, and his house at Newark, N. J., was the Cockloft Hall of Salmagundi.
# Dainty Davie (1823)/The blue-eyed lassie

the blue-eyed lassie.
I gaed a waefu' gate yestreen, A gate I fear I'll dearly rue; I gat my death frae twa sweet een, Twa lovely een o' bonny blue. ‘Twas not her golden ringlets bright, Her lips like roses wat wi' dew, Her heaving bosom lily white;— It was her een sae bonny blue.
She talk'd, she smil'd, my heart she wyl'd She charm'd my said I wist na how; And ay the stound, the deadly wound, Cam frae her een sae bonnie blue. ​But spare to speak, and spare to speed, She'll aiblins listen to my vow: Should she refuse I'll lay my dead To her twa een sae bonnie blue.
# Dainty Davie (1823)/Dainty Davie

dainty davie.
Now rosy May comes in wi' flowers, To deck her gay green spreading bow'rs And now comes in my happy hours, To wander wi' my Davie. Meet me on the warlock knowe, Dainty Davie, dainty Davie; There I'll spend the day wi' you, My ain kind-hearted Davie.
The crystal water round us fa', The merry birds are lovers a', The scented breezes round us blaw, A-wand'ring wi' my Davie. Meet me, &c.
When purple morning starts the hare, To steal upon her early fare, The thro' the dews I will repair, To meet me faithfu' Davic. Meet me, &c.
When day, expiring in the west, The curtain draws o' nature's rest, ​I'll to his arms that I lo'e best, And that's my ain dear Davie; Meet me, &c.
# Dainty Davie (1823)/A plague on all musty old lubbers

nothing like grog.
A plague on those musty old lubbers Who tell us to fast and to think, And patiently bear with life's rubbers, With nothing but water to drink; A can of good stuff had they swigged it, Would soon ay have set them agog; In spite of the rules Of the schools, The old fools Would have constantly swigg'd it, And sworn there was nothing like grog
My father, when last I from Guinea Return'd with abundance of wealth, Cry'd, Jack, never be such a ninny As to drink; says I, Father your health; So I tipp'd him the stuff and he twigg'd it, And it soon set th' old codger agog; So he swigg’d, and mother, And sister and brother. And all of us swigg'd it, And we swore there was nothing like grog.
​T'other day when the chaplain was preaching, Behind him I curiously slunk, And while he us our duty was teaching As how we should never get drunk, I tipp'd him a can and he twigg'd it, And it soon set his rev'rence agog; So he swigg'd and Dick swigg'd, And Ben swigg'd and I swigg'd, And all of us swigg'd it, And we swore there was nothing like grog.
Then trust me there's nothing like drinking, So pleasant on this side the grave, It keeps the unhappy from thinking, And makes e'en more valiant the brave
As for me, since the moment I swigg'd it, The good stuff has so set me agog, That sick or well, late or early, Wind foully or fairly, I’ve constantly swigg'd it. And dem'me there’s nothing like grog.
# Dainty Davie (1823)/O my love is like the red red rose

the red red rose.
O my luve is like a red red rose, That's newly sprung in June; O my luve is like the melodie That's sweetly play'd in tune. As fair art thou, my bonnie lass, So deep in love am I; And I will love thee still, my dear, Till a' the seas gang dry.
Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear, And rocks melt i' the sun, And I will love thee still, my dear, While the sands o' life do run. And fare thee weel, my only luve, And fare thee weel a while! Aid I will come again, my luve, Tho' it were ten thousand mile.
finis.
# Grog/On a Bank of Flowers

ON A BANK OF FLOWERS.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, George Stephen

Edition of 1905. See also Stephen Kemble on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, George Stephen (1758-1822). An English actor, the second son of Roger Kemble (q.v.); born at Kington, Herefordshire. He was intended, it is said, for the medical profession, but showed the family preference for the stage, and, after practicing in the country, appeared at Covent Garden in 1784 as Othello, his wife, Elizabeth Satchell, being Desdemona. He was engaged also at the Haymarket, and afterwards managed theatres in Edinburgh, Glasgow, and several smaller cities. His extreme stoutness, in the latter part of his life, enabled him to play his favorite rôle of Falstaff without artificial padding. Consult Oxberry, Dramatic Biography (London, 1826).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, Frances Anne

Edition of 1905. See also Fanny Kemble on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, Frances Anne (Mrs. Fanny Kemble) (1809-93). An English actress and author, born in London. November 27, 1809, daughter of Charles Kemble. She was educated largely in France, and made her first appearance on the stage October 5, 1829, in the character of Juliet, reviving the fortunes of the Covent Garden Theatre under her father's management. This was followed by a series of brilliant successes in Portia. Lady Teazle, and other parts, till she was compared with Mrs. Siddons, her famous aunt. Her crowning triumph was as Julia in Sheridan Knowles's masterpiece. The Hunchback, written expressly for her. In 1832 she came to New York with her father, making her American debut as Bianca in Fazio, and exciting great enthusiasm. Two years later she married Pierce Butler of Philadelphia, and retired, living in that city and on the Butler estate in South Carolina. In 1847 she had left her husband, and re- appeared on the English stage. She returned in 1849 to the United Stales, and having been divorced from Mr. Butler, resumed her maiden name, and went to reside in Lenox, Mass. Later, she gave public readings from Shakespeare and other dramatic authors in the principal cities of the United States and Great Britain, an occupation she much preferred to regular acting. She had a magnificent presence, her voice was flexible, ample, and harmonious, and her self-possession remarkable. During the War of the Rebellion she resided in England, and contributed valuable articles to the London Times on the evils of slavery. Among her other works are: Francis the First, an Historical Drama (1832); Journal of Frances Anne Butler (1835); Poems (1844); A Year of Consolation (1847), descriptive of a tour to Italy; Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838-39 (1863); Record of a Girlhood (1878-79); Records of Later Life (1882); Notes Upon Some of Shakespeare's Plays (1882); Poems (1883); Far Away and Long Ago, a story (1889); Further Records (1891). Her death occurred in London, January 15, 1893. Consult, besides the autobiographical works mentioned above: The Letters of Edward FitzGerald to Fanny Kemble (London, 1895); Parton, in Eminent Women of the Age (Hartford, Conn., 1869).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kemble, Elizabeth

Edition of 1905. See also Elizabeth Whitlock on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​KEMBLE, Elizabeth (1761-1836). An English actress, daughter of Roger Kemble (q.v.). She made her first appearance upon the stage in 1783 at Drury Lane Theatre, taking the part of Portia in The Merchant of Venice. She was married in 1785 to Mr. Whitlock, an actor, with whom in 1792 she came to the United States on a professional tour. Mrs. Whitlock attained a high degree of public favor, and had the honor of appearing before President Washington at Philadelphia. In 1807, after her return to England, she retired from the stage.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cochlaeus, Johann

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​COCHLAEUS, JOHANN (1479–1552), German humanist and controversialist, whose family name was Dobneck, was born of poor parents in 1479 at Wendelstein (near Nuremberg), whence his friends gave him the punning surname Cochlaeus (spiral), for which he occasionally substituted Wendelstinus. Having received some education at Nuremberg from the humanist Heinrich Grieninger, he entered (1504) the university of Cologne. In 1507 he graduated, and published under the name of Wendelstein his first piece, In musicam exhortatorium. He left Cologne (May 1510) to become schoolmaster at Nuremberg, where he brought out several school manuals. In 1515 he was at Bologna, hearing (with disgust) Eck’s famous disputation against usury, and associating with Ulrich von Hutten and humanists. He took his doctor’s degree at Ferrara (1517), and spent some time in Rome, where he was ordained priest. In 1520 he became dean of the Liebfrauenkirche at Frankfort, where he first entered the lists as a controversialist against the party of Luther, developing that bitter hatred to the Reformation which animated his forceful but shallow ascription of the movement to the meanest motives, due to a quarrel between the Dominicans and Augustinians. Luther would not meet him in discussion at Mainz in 1521. He was present at the diets of Worms, Regensburg, Spires and ​Augsburg. The peasants’ war drove him from Frankfort; he obtained (1526) a canonry at Mainz; in 1529 he became secretary to Duke George of Saxony, at Dresden and Meissen. The death of his patron (1539) compelled him to take flight. He became canon (September 1539) at Breslau, where he died on the 10th of January 1552. He was a prolific writer, largely of overgrown pamphlets, harsh and furious. His more serious efforts retain no permanent value. With humanist convictions, he had little of the humanist spirit. We owe to him one of the few contemporary notices of the young Servetus.
See C. Otto, Johannes Cochlaeus, der Humanist (1874); Haas, in I. Goschler’s Dict. encydopéd. de la théol. cath. (1858); Brecher, in Allgemeine deutsche Biographie (1876); T. Kolde, in A. Hauck’s Realencyklopädie für prot. Theol. u. Kirche (1898). (A. Go.*)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Faber, Basil

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​FABER, BASIL (1520—c. 1576), Lutheran schoolmaster and theologian, was born at Sorau, in lower Lusatia, in 1520. In 1538 he entered the university of Wittenberg, studying as pauper gratis under Melanchthon. Choosing the schoolmaster’s profession, he became successively rector of the schools at Nordhausen, Tennstadt (1555), Magdeburg (1557) and Quedlinburg (1560). From this last post he was removed in December 1570 as a Crypto-Calvinist. In 1571 he was appointed to the Raths-gymnasium at Erfurt, not as rector, but as director (Vorsteher). In this situation he remained till his death in 1575 or 1576. His translation of the first twenty-five chapters of Luther’s commentary on Genesis was published in 1557; in other ways he promoted the spread of Lutheran views. He was a contributor to the first four of the Magdeburg Centuries. He is best known by his Thesaurus eruditionis scholasticae (1571; last edition, improved by J. H. Leich, 1749, folio, 2 vols.); this was followed by his Libellus de disciplina scholastica (1572).
See Wagenmann and G. Müller in Herzog-Hauck’s Realencyklopädie (1898). (A. Go.*)
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Roberts, Alexander

​ROBERTS, ALEXANDER (1826–1901), classical and biblical scholar, born at Marykirk, Kincardineshire, on 12 May 1826, was son of Alexander Roberts, a flax-spinner. He was educated at the grammar school and King's College, Old Aberdeen, where he graduated M.A. in March 1847, being the Simpson Greek prizeman. He was presbyterian minister (1852–71) in Scotland and London. In 1864, being then minister at Carlton Hill, London, he was made D.D. of Edinburgh. He was also minister at St. John's Wood, and was a member of the New Testament revision company (1870–84). In 1872 he succeeded John Campbell Shairp [q. v.] in the chair of humanity at St. Andrews; he was made emeritus professor in 1899. He died at St. Andrews, Mitcham Park, Surrey, on 8 March 1901. He married on 2 Dec. 1852 Mary Anne Speid (d. 18 Jan, 1911), and had fourteen children, of whom four sons and eight daughters survived him.
Roberts co-operated with Sir James Donaldson as editor and part translator of the English versions of ecclesiastical writers published as the 'Ante-Nicene Christian Library' (1867–72, 24 vols.); he translated also the 'Works of Sulpitius Severus' (1895) in the 'Select Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers.' He is best known for the series of works in which he maintains that Greek was the habitual speech of our Lord, a conclusion which has not met with general favour, despite the ability with which Roberts managed his case.
He published:
* 'The Threefold Life,' 1858, 12mo.
* 'Inquiry into the Original Language of St. Matthew's Gospel,' 1859.
* 'Discussions on the Gospels,' 2 pts. 1862; 2nd edit. 1864.
* 'The Life and Work of St. Paul practically considered,' 1867.
* 'The Words of the New Testament,' Edinburgh, 1873 (in conjunction with William Milligan [q. v. Suppl. I], a work of textual criticism).
* 'Hints to Beginners in Latin Composition,' Edinburgh, 1873.
* 'The Bible of Christ and His Apostles,' 1879.
* 'Companion to the Revised Version of the English New Testament,' 1881; 3rd edit. 1885 (reprinted. New York, 1881, with supplement by an American reviser).
* 'Old Testament Revision,' 1883.
* 'Greek the Language of Christ and His Apostles,' 1888.
* 'A Short Proof that Greek was the Language of Christ,' Paisley, 1893.
[Who's Who, 1901; The Times, 11 March 1901; Athenæum, 16 March 1901; P. J. Anderson's Officers and Graduates of King's College, Aberdeen, 1893, p. 299; Calendar of St. Andrews University, 1910, p. 676; Alphabetical List of Graduates, Edinb. Univ. (1859–1888), 1889, p. 114; information from Mr. J. Maitland Anderson.]
A. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Hodgetts, James Frederick

​HODGETTS, JAMES FREDERICK (1828–1906), commander and archæologist, son of James Hodgetts (d. 1830) by his wife Judith, daughter of Richard May, portrait painter, was born in London on 18 Jan. 1828. After his father's death his mother married Edward William Brayley [q. v.]. Hodgetts did not get on with his stepfather, who educated him for a scientific career. As a boy he assisted Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick [q. v.] in the arrangement of the Tower armoury. At an early age he went to sea, was in the East India Company's service in the Burmese war of 1851, became commander in the Indian navy, was wrecked, and had a narrow escape from drowning off the coast of Australia. He volunteered for service in the Crimean war; not being accepted, he became professor of seamanship at the Prussian naval cadets' school in Berlin till 1866, when the school was abolished. Having studied Russian in India, he transferred his services at the suggestion of Sir Roderick Impey Murchison [q. v.] to St. Petersburg and Moscow, where he lectured as professor in the Imperial College of Practical Science till his retirement in 1881. Coming to London, he patented a design for ships' hulls, which was not carried out; wrote stories for boys in the 'Boys' Own Paper' ('Harold the Boy Earl ' being the first), afterwards published separately; and wrote and lectured on archæological subjects, contributing to the 'Journal of the British Archaeological Association' and to the 'Antiquary.' He was engaged on an unfinished fife of Alfred the Great. , He died at his residence, 24 Cheniston Gardens, Kensington, on 24 April 1906. He married (1) in 1858 Isabella Gough (d. 1862), by whom he had a son, Edward Arthur Brayley Hodgetts; and (2) in 1867 Augusta Louisa von Dreger, by whom he had one daughter.
Among his publications were : 1. 'Ivan Dobroff: a Russian Story,' Philadelphia, 1866. 2. 'Anglo-Saxon Dress and Food,' &c., 1884 (lectures at the International Health Exhibition). 3. 'Anglo-Saxon Dwellings,' &c., 1884 (ditto). 4. 'Older England,' &c., 1884 (six lectures at the ​British Museum). 6. 'Older England,' &c., second series, 1884 (ditto). 6. 'The Champion of Odin; or, Viking Life,' &c., 1885. 7. 'The English in the Middle Ages,' 1885. 8. 'Greater England,' &c.. 1887 (on the consolidation of the colonial empire). 9. 'Edwin, the Boy Outlaw,' 1887.
[The Times, 26 April 1906; Athenæum, 5 May 1906 ; Annual Register, 1906; private information.]
A. G.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Mutian, Konrad

See also Konrad Mutian on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​MUTIAN, KONRAD (1471–1526), German humanist, was born in Homberg on the 15th of October 1471 of well-to-do parents named Mut, and was subsequently known as Konrad Mutianus Rufus, from his red hair. At Deventer under Alexander Hegius he had Erasmus as schoolfellow; proceeding (1486) to the university of Erfurt, he took the master’s degree in 1492. From 1495 he travelled in Italy, taking the doctor’s degree in canon law at Bologna. Returning in 1502, the landgraf of Hesse promoted him to high office. The post was not congenial; he resigned it (1503) for a small salary as canonicus in Gotha. Mutian was a man of great influence in a select circle especially connected with the university of Erfurt, and known as the Mutianischer Bund, which included Eoban Hess, Crotus Rubeanus, Justus Jonas and other leaders of independent thought. He had no public ambition; except in correspondence, and as an epigrammatist, he was no writer, but he furnished ideas to those who wrote. He may deserve the title which has been given him as “precursor of the Reformation,” in so far as he desired the reform of the Church, but not the establishment of a rival. Like Erasmus, he was with Luther in his early stage, but deserted him in his later development. Though he had personally no hand in it, the Epistolae obscurorum virorum (due especially to Crotus Rubeanus) was the outcome of the Reuchlinists in his Bund. He died at Gotha on the 30th of March (Good Friday) 1526.
See F. W. Kampschulte, Die Universität Erfurt (1858–1860); C. Krause, Eobanus Hessus (1879); L. Geiger, in Allgemeine Deutsche Biog. (1886); C. Krause, Der Briefwechsel des Mutianus Rufus (1885); another collection by K. Gillert (1890).  (A. Go.*)