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# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Clarke, Rev. George

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​Clarke, Rev. George, son of George Clarke, of Wyndham, Norfolk, England, and Martha his wife (née Blomfield), was born at Parramatta, N.S.W., in the year 1823. His father was one of the first missionaries sent out to New Zealand by the Church Missionary Society; and in 1824 the family proceeded to the Bay of Islands and took up their residence at Waimate, the principal missionary station. At an early age Mr. Clarke was sent to Tasmania for his education, which he received at the school of Mr. R. W. Giblin at New Town, near Hobart. In 1838 he returned to New Zealand. His proficiency as a Maori scholar, his intimate knowledge of Maori customs, and his great influence with the natives procured him an appointment as one of the protectors of the aborigines. He was one of the witnesses to the celebrated Treaty of Waitangi, whereby the Maori chiefs ceded the North Island of New Zealand to the Queen. He was prominent in native matters during the administrations of Governors Hobson, Fitzroy, and Grey. He accompanied the surveying party of the New Zealand Company to the South Island, and he drew up the document whereby the Otago block, on which the city of Dunedin now stands, was conveyed to the Company by the Maori chiefs. On the outbreak of the Honi Heki war in 1844, he was employed by the Governor to negotiate with the friendly natives, ​and accomplished his mission with great tact and success. He accompanied Sir George Grey through the Heki war as interpreter, and saw a large amount of active service. In 1846 Mr. Clarke proceeded to England, and entered Highbury College (afterwards New College), London, to study for the ministry of the Congregational Church. In 1851 he returned once more to Hobart, and accepted the pastorate of a Congregational Church, of which he has now been the minister for forty years. For some years he edited a monthly paper entitled The Tasmanian Independent, and took a prominent part in the movement for the separation of Church and State in the colony, which ended in the abolition of State aid to religion in the year 1868. Mr. Clarke was a member of the Tasmanian Council of Education for nearly thirty years, and was several times elected its President. On the establishment of the University of Tasmania in 1890, he was elected a member of the Council and first Vice-Chancellor of the University. Besides a large amount of literary work, he is the author of "Sunday Lectures on the Epistle to the Hebrews" (Hobart, 1884). He married Martha, daughter of Henry Hopkins, J.P.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Clarke, Rev. William Branwhite

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​Clarke, Rev. William Branwhite, M.A., F.R.S., was born at East Bergholt, in Suffolk, on June 2nd, 1798, and educated at Dedham Grammar School and at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1821, and M.A. in 1824. He was ordained deacon in 1821, and priest in 1824. In 1822 he published three poems: "Lays of Leisure," "Pompeii," and "The River Derwent," and in 1839 "Recollections of a Visit to Mont Blanc" and several religious poems. Whilst at Cambridge he attended the geological lectures of Professor Sedgwick and Dr. E. Clarke, and visited various parts of England in search of geological information during his vacations. After holding one or two small preferments he emigrated to New South Wales in 1839, partly for his health. He took charge of the King's School at Parramatta, and did clerical duty in that district, and subsequently at Campbell Town. From 1846 to 1870 he was incumbent of St. Thomas's, Willoughby. Mr. Clarke was the author of numerous treatises on scientific, and especially geological, subjects. In 1841 he demonstrated the existence of gold in New South Wales from geological and mineralogical evidences, and verified his contentions by finding specimens in the Macquarie valleys, and near the Vale of Clydd. In 1844 he described the existence of a goldfield in the Bathurst district without any personal exploration, and without any knowledge of Strzelecki's previous discovery, which exactly coincided with his predictions. The then Governor of New South Wales, Sir George Gipps, dreading the effect of exciting the cupidity of the convicts and labourers, requested Mr. Clarke, as he had done the Count previously, to keep his discoveries secret. With this injunction Mr. Clarke was well inclined to comply, as, according to his opinion declared in 1849, gold washing was more suitable for slaves than British freemen. In comparing the geology of Russia with that of Australia, in 1847, Mr. Clarke asserted that New South Wales "would be found wonderfully rich in metals"—a prophecy which has since been amply verified. For his services to science he was in 1876 elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and died on June 17th, 1878, at North Shore, Sydney For ​his geological reports to the Government of New South Wales in 1853 Mr. Clarke was awarded £1000, and, subsequently, £5000 was paid him. The Government of Victoria awarded him £1000 in 1861. In July 1860 the governors of the Australian colonies signed a certificate stating that the discovery of gold was made by Mr. Clarke in 1841. He also aided in developing the coalfields of New South Wales, and in 1877 was awarded the Murchison medal of the Geological Society of London for his services in determining the age of the carboniferous deposits in that colony. His labours also resulted in the discovery of tin. When the Sydney University was founded, he declined a seat in the Senate and the position of Professor of Geology.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Clifford, Sir Charles

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​Clifford, Sir Charles, Bart., formerly Speaker of the House of Representatives, New Zealand, the eldest son of George Lambert Clifford (fifth son of the Hon. Thomas Clifford, second son of the third Lord Clifford of Chudleigh), by Mary, daughter of Walter Hill Coyney, of Weston Coyney, co. Stafford, was born at Mount Vernon, Liverpool, on Jan. 1st, 1813, and educated at Stonyhurst. He was one of the first settlers in Wellington, N.Z., under the New Zealand Company, arriving in 1843. While in England in 1850 he took a prominent part in the agitation for the grant of a constitutional government to New Zealand; and in 1854, upon the passing of the Constitution Act, returned to the colony, and was elected to the first parliament, of which he was appointed Speaker, an office he held until 1860. He was made a knight bachelor in 1858. Sir Charles was for long engaged in pastoral pursuits in the colony; but finally returned to England, where he has since lived. On July 16th, 1887, he was created a baronet of Flaxbourne, province of Marlborough. Sir Charles married, on Jan. 13th, 1847, Mary Anne, daughter of John Hercy, of Cruchfield House, D.L. for co. Bucks.
# The Complete Lojban Language

Also called the CLL, The Red Book, and The Refgram: a comprehensive overview of the Lojban constructed language.
* The Complete Lojban Language, first edition (1997).
* The Complete Lojban Language, version 1.1 (2016). (external scan)
# The Complete Lojban Language (1997)
## Contents

* Chapter 1 - Lojban As We Mangle It In Lojbanistan: About This Book
* Chapter 2 - A Quick Tour of Lojban Grammar, With Diagrams
* Chapter 3 - The Hills Are Alive With The Sounds Of Lojban
* Chapter 4 - The Shape Of Words To Come: Lojban Morphology
* Chapter 5 - “Pretty Little Girls’ School”: The Structure Of Lojban selbri
* Chapter 6 - To Speak Of Many Things: The Lojban sumti
* Chapter 7 - Brevity Is The Soul Of Language: Pro-sumti And Pro-bridi
* Chapter 8 - Relative Clauses, Which Make sumti Even More Complicated
* Chapter 9 - To Boston Via The Road Go I, With An Excursion Into The Land Of Modals
* Chapter 10 - Imaginary Journeys: The Lojban Space/Time Tense System
* Chapter 11 - Events, Qualities, Quantities, And Other Vague Words: On Lojban Abstraction
* Chapter 12 - Dog House And White House: Determining lujvo Place Structures
* Chapter 13 - Oooh! Arrgh! Ugh! Yecch! Attitudinal and Emotional Indicators
* Chapter 14 - If Wishes Were Horses: The Lojban Connective System
* Chapter 15 - “No” Problems: On Lojban Negation
* Chapter 16 - “Who Did You Pass On The Road? Nobody”: Lojban And Logic
* Chapter 17 - As Easy As A-B-C? The Lojban Letteral System And Its Uses
* Chapter 18 - lojbau mekso: Mathematical Expressions in Lojban
* Chapter 19 - Putting It All Together: Notes on the Structure of Lojban Texts
* Chapter 20 - A Catalogue of selma'o
* Chapter 21 - Formal Grammars
This work is free because according to the The Complete Lojban Language, Chapter 1, Section 8:
    Copyright © 1997 by The Logical Language Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
    Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this book, either in electronic or in printed form, provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
    Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this book, provided that the modifications are clearly marked as such, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.
    Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this book into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation that has been approved by the Logical Language Group, rather than in English.
    The contents of Chapter 21 are in the public domain.
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# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/Flight of O'Connor's Child and Death of her Lover

Dated from examination of text and style.
FLIGHT OF O’CONNOR’S CHILD AND DEATH OF HER LOVER.
At bleeting of the wild watch fold ⟨Thus⟩ sang my love—Oh, come with me! ⟨Our⟩ bark is on the lake—behold ⟨Our⟩ steeds are fastened to the tree, ⟨Come⟩ far from Castle-Connor’s clans! ⟨Come⟩ with thy belted forstere, ⟨nd⟩ I, beside the lake of swans, ⟨Shall⟩ hunt for thee the fallow deer; ⟨And⟩ build thy hut, and bring thee home ⟨The⟩ wild fowl and the honey-comb; ⟨And⟩ berries from the wood provide, ⟨And⟩ play the clarshech by thy side— ⟨Then⟩ come my love!—How could I stay? ⟨Our⟩ nimble stag-hounds traced the way, ⟨And⟩ I pursued by moonless skies, ⟨The⟩ light of Connocht, Moran’s eyes
⟨And⟩ fast and far, before the star ⟨Of⟩ day-spring, rushed we through the glade, ⟨And⟩ saw at dawn the lofty bawn ⟨Of⟩ Castle-Connor fade. ⟨Sweet⟩ was to us the hermitage ⟨Of⟩ this unploughed, untrodden shore; ⟨Like⟩ birds all joyous from the cage, ⟨For⟩ man’s neglect we lov’d it more! ​And well he knew, my huntsman dear, To search the game with hawk and spear; While I, his evening foot to dress, Would sing to him in happiness! But oh! that midnight of dispair, When I was doomed to rend my hair The night to me of shrieking sorrow! The night to him---that had no morrow!
When all was hushed at even tide, I heard the baying of their beagle; Be hushed, my Connocht, Moran cried, ’Tis but the screaming of the eagle--- Alas; ’twas not eyrie’s sound Their bloody hands had traced us out: Up-listering starts our couchant hound--- And, hark; the nearer shout Brings faster on the murderers. Spare---spare him---Brazil---Desmond flee In vain---no voice the adder charms: Their weapons cross’d my sheltering arms; Another’s sword has laid him low--- Another’s and another’s; And every hand that dealt a blow--- Ah me, it was a brother’s: Yes, when his meanings died away. Their iron hands had dug the clay, And o’er his burial turf they trod, And I beheld---O God; O God; His life-blood oozing from the sod.
FINIS.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/The Death of Sir John Moore

Dated from examination of text and style.
ON THE DEATH OF SIR JOHN MOORE.
Not a drum was heard, not a funeral note, As his corse o'er the ramparts we hurried, Not a soldier discharged his farewell shot, O'er the grave where our hero was buried.
We buried him darkly at dead of night, The sods with our bayonets turning, By the struggling moonbeams dusky light, And our lanterns dimly burning.
No useless coffin enclosed his breast Nor in sheet nor in shroud we wound him: But he lay like a warrior taking his rest, With his martial cloak around him!
​Few and short were the prayers we said, And we spoke not a word of sorrow: But we steadfastly gazed on the face of the dead, And we bitterly thought of to-morrow,
We thought, as we hallowed his narrow bed, Aud smoothed down his lonely pillow, How the foe and the stranger would tread o’er his head And we far away on the billow!
Lightly they’ll talk of the spirit that’s gone And o’er his cold ashes upbraid him; But nothing he’ll reck, if they let him sleep on, In the grave where a Briton has laid him.
But half our heavy task was done, When the clock toll’d the hour for retiring; And we heard by the distant and random gun, That the foe was suddenly firing.
Slowly and sadly we laid him down, From the field of his fame fresh and gory! We carved not a line, we raised not a stone, But left him alone in his glory!
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/Lord Ullin's Daughter

Dated from examination of text and style.
LORD ULLIN’S DAUGHTER.
A chieftain to the Highlands hound, Cries, “Boatman do not tarry And I’ll give thee a silver pound To row us o’er the ferry!”—
“Now, who he ye would cross Lochgyle, This dark and stormy water?” “O I’m the chief of Ulvas’ isle, And this Lord Ullin’s daughter:—
​And fast before her father's men, Three day's we've fled together; For should he find us in the glen, My blood would stain the heather.—
His horseman hard behind us ride Should they our steps discover. Then, who would cheer my bonny bride, When they have slain her lover?'
Out spoke the hardy Highland wight, I'll go, my chief— I'm ready; It is not for your silver bright, But for your winsome lady.
And by my word, the bonny bird In danger shall not tarry: So—though the waves be raging wide— I'll row you o'er the ferry!—'
By this the storm grew loud арасе, The water-wraith was shrieking; And in the scowl of heaven, each face Grew dark as they were speaking.
But still as wilder blew the wind, And as the night grew drearer, Adown the glen rode armed men! Their trampling sounded nearer!
Oh! haste thee, haste!' the lady cries, 'Though tempests round us gather, I'll meet the raging of the skies, But not an angry father.'
The boat has left a stormy land, A stormy sea before her— ​When—oh! too strong for human hand! The tempest gather'd o'er her.
And still they rowed amidst the roar Of waters fast prevailing: Lord Ullin reach'd that fatal shore, His wrath was changed to wailing—
For sore dismayed, through storm and shade, His child he did discover One lovely arm was stretched for aid, And one was round her lover.
"Come Back! come back!" he cried in grief, "Across this stormy water And I'll forgive your Highland chief, My daughter!—Oh! my daughter!"
Twas vain! the loud waves lashed the shore, Return or aid preventing The waters wild went o'er his child, And he was left lamenting. Campbell.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/The Downfall of Poland

Dated from examination of text and style.
ON THE DOWNFALL OF POLAND.
O sacred Truth! thy triumph ceased awhile, And Hope, thy sister, ceased with thee to smile, When leagued oppression poured to Northern wars Her whiskered pandours and her fierce hussars. Waved her dread standard to the breeze of morn, Pealed her loud drum, and twanged her trumpet horn; Tumultuous horror brooded o’er her van, Presaging wrath to Poland—and to man!
​Warsaw’s last champion from height survey’d Wide o’er the fields a waste of ruin laid.— ‘O Heaven!’ he cried, my bleeding country save! Is there no hand on high to shield the brave! Yet, though destruction sweep these lovely plains, Rise, fellow men! our country yet remains! By that dread name, we wave the sword on high, And swear for her to live!—with her to die!
He said, and on the rampart heights arrayed His trusty warriors, few, hut undismay’d; Firm paced and slow, a horrid front they form, Still as the breeze, hut dreadful as the storm! Low, murmuring sounds along their banner fly, Revenge or death!—The watchword and reply, Then pealed the notes, omnipotent to charm, And the loud tocsin tolled their last alarm!
In vain—alas! in vain ye gallant few! From rank to rank yout vollied thunder flew; O! bloodiest picture in the book of time, Samartia fell unwept, without a crime! Found not a generous friend, a pitying foe. Strength in her arms, nor mercy in her woe! Dropt from her nerveless grasp the shattered spear, Closed her bright eye, and curbed her high career; Hope, for as a season, hade the world farewell, And freedom shrieked—as Kosciusko fell!
The sun went down, nor ceased the carnage there Tumultuous murder shook the midnight air— On Prague’s proud arch the fires of ruin glow--- Her blood-dyed waters murmuring far below. The storm prevails! the rampart yields away-- Bursts the wild cry of horror and dismay! ​⟨Hark⟩! as is the mouldering piles with thunder fall, ⟨A⟩ thousand shrieks for hopeless mercy call ⟨Earth⟩ shook!---red meteors flashed along the sky! ⟨And⟩ conscious nature shuddered at the cry!
Campbell.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/Young Lochinvar

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YOUNG LOCHINVAR.
Oh, young Lochinvar is come out of the west, Through all the wide border his steed was the best, And save his good broad-sword he weapon had none, He rode all unarm’d, and he rode all alone. So faithful in love, and so dauntless in war, There never was knight like the young Lochinvar.
He staid not for brake, and he stopp’d not for stone, He swam the Esk river where ford there was none— But, ere he alighted at Netherby gate, The bride had consented, the gallant came late; ​For a laggard in love, and a dastard in war, Was to wed the fair Ellen of brave Lochinvar,
So boldly he entered the Netherby hall, 'Mong bride's men, and kinsmen, and brothers and all Then spoke the bride's father, his hand on his sword, For the poor craven bridegroom said never a word, “Oh, come ye in peace here, or come ye in war, Or to dance at our bridal? young Lord Lochinvar.”
“I long woo'd your daughter, my suit you denied: Love swells like the Solway, but ebbs like its tide; And now I am come with this lost love of mine, To lead but one measure, drink one cup of wine. There be maidens in Scotland, more lovely by far, That would gladly be bride to the young Lochinvar.
The bride kiss'd the goblet, the knight took it up, He quaff'd off the wine, and he threw down the cup! She look'd down to blush, and she look'd up to sigh; With a smile on her lips, and a tear in her eye. He took her soft hand ere her mother could bar, “Now tread we a measure!" said young Lord Lochinvar.
So stately his form, and so lovely her face, That never a hall such a galliard did grace! While her mother did fret, and her father did fume, And the bridegroom stood dangling his bonnet and plume, And the bride-maidens whisper'd, “'Twere better by far, To have match'd our fair cousin with young Lochinvar!
​One touch to her hand, and one word in her ear, When they reach’d the hall door and the charger stood near; So light to the croupe the fair lady he swung, So light on the saddle before her he sprung! “She is won! we are gone, over bank, bush, and scaur! They’ll have fleet steeds that follow!’ quoth young Lochinvar
There was mounting ’mong Graemes of the Netherby clan Fosters, Fenwicks, and Musgraves, they rode and they ran; There was racing, and chasing on Cannobie Lea, But the lost bride of Netherby ne’er did they see! So daring in love and so dauntless in war, Have you ere heard of a gallant like young Lochinvar!
Sir Walter Scott
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Elocutionist (1840-1850)/Glenara

Dated from examination of text and style.
THE ELOCUTIONIST.
GLENARA.
Oh! heard ye yon pibroch sound sad in the gale, Where a band cometh slowly it weeping and wail? 'Tis the Chief of Glenara laments for his dear; And her sire and her people are call'd to her bier.
Glenara came first with the mourners and shroud, Her kinsmen they followed but mourned not aloud; Their plaids all their bosoms were folded around; They marched all in silence—they looked to the ground.
In silence they reached over mountain and moor, To a heath where the oak tree grew lonely and hoar, "Now here let us place the grey stone of her cairn, Why speak ye no word?" said Glenara the stern.
"And tell me I charge you, ye clan of my spouse, Why fold ye your mantles? why cloud ye your brows;" So spake the rude chieftain; no answer is made, But each mantle unfolding, a dagger displayed.
"I dream'd of my lady, I dreamed of her shroud," Cried a voice from the kinsmen all wrathful and loud; And empty that shroud and that coffin did seem; Glenara; Glenara; now read me my dream."
Oh! pale grew the cheek of the chieftain I ween, When the shroud was unclosed and no body was seen, ​Then a voice from the kinsmen spoke louder in scorn 'Twas the youth that had loved the fair Ellen of Lorn.
"I dreamed of my lady. I dreamed of her grief, I dreamed that her lord was a barbarous chief; On a rock of the ocean, fair Ellen did seem; Glenara! Glenara! now read me my dream!"
In dust low the traitor has knelt to the ground, And the desert reveal'd where his lady was found; From a rock of the ocean that beauty is borne Now joy to the house of fair Ellen of Lorn!
Campbell
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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