OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# American Medical Biographies/Percival, James Gates

​Percival, James Gates (1795–1856)
James Gates Percival, whose fame as a poet and a scientist eclipses his reputation as physician, was born in Berlin, Connecticut, September 15, 1795. His father, James Percival, was a physician. Young James graduated at Yale University in 1815, when a tragedy, "Zamor," written by himself, formed part of the commencement exercises. He studied medicine, graduating at Yale in 1820. In 1824 he was appointed assistant surgeon in the United States Army and detailed to the West Point Military Academy as professor of chemistry. He resigned in a few months and was appointed a surgeon with the recruiting service at Boston, Massachusetts; in 1827 he settled in New Haven, Connecticut.
In 1835, with Charles Upham Shepard (q.v.), he made a mineralogical and geological survey of the state of Connecticut, the report of which was published in 1842. The American Mining Company engaged him to survey their lead-mining region in Wisconsin; in 1854 he was appointed state geologist of Wisconsin. He had unusual linguistic attainments and enjoyed imitating in English "all known metres in all accessible languages from the Sanskrit downwards."
As early as 1821 he published a volume of poems, which contained the first part of "Prometheus"; in 1822 the second part of Prometheus and the first part of "Clio" appeared; in 1823 he published a volume of poems (republished the next year in London in two volumes). He contributed largely to periodicals and in 1859 his poetical works were brought together and published in two volumes. His work was widely reviewed and he was regarded as a poet of a high order.
Percival never married, cared little for society and was said never to be so happy as when "with a book in his library, or the geologist's hammer in his hand," he set about acquiring knowledge.
He accumulated a large store of books, offered by his executor for $20,000, and sold in 1860. He died in Hazel Green, Wisconsin, May 2, 1856. A "Biographical Sketch" of Percival from the MSS. of Erasmus North, M. D., was published in the collection of Percival's works; another biography is, "The Life of James Gates Percival," by Julius H. Ward (1866).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mögen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mögen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mögen, verb, ‘to like, choose; may,’ from Middle High German mugen, mügen, Old High German mugan, earlier magan, preterite present, ‘to be able, have power,’ Gothic magan; a common Teutonic preterite present with the Old High German and Middle High German meaning, ‘to be able, have power,’ as it appears in the Modern High German abstract form Macht, and in the compound vermögen; Anglo-Saxon mœg (plural magon, preterite mihte), whence English may (preterite might). The Teutonic stem, mag (mug), from pre-Teutonic magh, is most closely allied to Old Slovenian mogą, mošti, ‘to be able, have power.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mutzen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mutzen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mutzen, verb, ‘to dress up, adorn’; in the sense of ‘to be out of humour,’ from mucktzen, like Blitz from Blikz, schmatzen from schmackezen; but Modern High German aufmutzen, ‘to throw in one's teeth, blame,’ from Middle High German ûfmützen, ‘to dress up, adorn,’ Middle High German mutzen, mützen, ‘to dress, adorn.’ Aufmutzen thus means ‘to puff.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mähen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mähen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mähen, verb, ‘to mow,’ from the equivalent Middle High German mœjen, Old High German mâen; corresponding to Dutch maaijen, Anglo-Saxon mâwan (preterite meów), English to mow. A common West Teutonic root mê, ‘to mow,’ has already been deduced from the previous word; it appears in Greek with a vowel prefixed in ἄ-μη-τος, ‘harvest,’ and ἀ-μάω, ‘to mow’; the t in the Latin root mêt, ‘to mow, harvest,’ which originally belonged to the present stem only, may have been regarded as a part of the root; to this is allied Old Irish meithel, ‘a party of reapers.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mählich

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mählich. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mählich, adverb, see allmählich.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mäkeln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mäkeln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mäkeln, makeln, verb, ‘to transact business as a broker,’ Modern High German only; from the equivalent Low German mäkeln, Dutch makelen, which are allied to maken, ‘to make’ (handeln also combines the meanings ‘to make’ and ‘to traffic’). French maquereau (whence English mackerel), ‘pimp,’ is said to be derived from these cognates on account of Old High German huormahhâri, ‘pimp.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/murmeln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry murmeln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ murmeln, verb, ‘to murmur,’ from Middle High German murmeln, Old High German murmulôn, with the parallel form murmurôn, ‘to murmur, grumble’; either from Latin murmurare, or rather a native onomatopoetic form. See murren.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/männiglich

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry männiglich. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ männiglich, pronoun ‘everybody,’ from Middle High German manne-gelîch, menneclîch, ‘every’; literally manne gelîch, Old High German manno glîh, ‘each of men,’ whence Old High German manniclîch and mannolîch, ‘every, each.’ Similarly täglich is based on Old High German tagogilîh, ‘every day.’ Old High German gilîh, ‘every,’ is identical with gleich.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/munter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry munter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ munter, adjective, ‘cheerful, lively, brisk,’ from Middle High German munter, munder, Old High German muntar, adjective, ‘fresh, lively, zealous, wakeful’; probably allied to Gothic mundrel, feminine, ‘aim,’ and mundôn, verb, ‘to fix one's eyes upon,’ so that ‘striving’ is the originally meaning of the adjective. It is also primitively allied to Old Slovenian mądrŭ, ‘wise,’ Lithuanian mundrùs, mandrùs, ‘cheerful.’ Moreover, Old High German muntar may also be connected with Old High German męnden, Old Saxon męndian, ‘to rejoice’ (Teutonic root manþ).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/murren

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry murren. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ murren, verb, ‘to grumble, mutter,’ first occurs in early Modern High German. Allied to the equivalent Dutch morren, Anglo-Saxon murcnian.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mäßig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mäßig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mäßig, adjective, ‘moderate,’ from Middle High German mœȥec, Old High German mâzîg, adjective, ‘moderate, temperate; of moderate size’; a derivative of Maß, Maße. Compare Dutch matig, ‘moderate.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/an

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry an. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ an, preposition, adverb, ‘on, by, along,’ from Middle High German ane, Old High German ana, preposition, adverb, ‘on, in, upon’; it corresponds to Gothic ana, preposition, adverb, ‘on, upon, in,’ Anglo-Saxon, English on, preposition, adverb, Dutch aan, Old Saxon an. Primitively allied to Greek ἀνά, ‘upon, on,’ Zend ana ‘upon,’ Latin an- in anhélare, ‘to respire,’ Old Slovenian vŭ (for *on).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ander

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ander. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ander, adjective, ‘other, different, second,’ from Middle High German ander, Old High German andar, ‘the other’; it corresponds to Gothic anþar, ‘the other,’ Old Icelandic annarr, Anglo-Saxon ôðer, English other, Dutch ander, Old Saxon âðar, ôðar. The meanings ‘the second, one of two, the other,’ are due to a comparative form (Aryan ánteros, ‘one of two,’ Latin alter). Compare the corresponding Sanscrit ántara-, ‘different from,’ Osset. ändär, ‘otherwise than, with the exception of,’ Lithuanian àntras, ‘the other.’ The root an- is proved by Sanscrit and Zend an-ya-, ‘another.’ With Old High German andar ‘other,’ is also connected Old High German antarôn, ‘to imitate.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/anstatt

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry anstatt. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ anstatt, see Statt.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/alt

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry alt. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ alt, adjective, from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German alt, adjective ‘old’; the corresponding Old Saxon ald, Anglo-Saxon eald, English old, have the same meaning; Gothic alþeis (instead of the expected form *alda-), ‘old.’ The West Teutonic form al-da- is an old tó- participle (Latin al-tus, ‘high’), like other Modern High German adjectives (see under falt), and belongs to Gothic alan, ‘to grow up,’ Old Icelandic ala, ‘to bring forth’ (primitively related to Latin alo. Old Irish alim, ‘I nourish’), therefore literally ‘grown up.’ Hence perhaps it was used originally and chiefly in reckoning age, &c. (compare Latin X annos natus), but afterwards it was also used at an early period in an absolute sense, ‘vetus.’ See Alter, Eltern.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/anfachen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry anfachen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ anfachen, see Fächer.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/angenehm

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry angenehm. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ angenehm, adjective, ‘agreeable, pleasant,’ from Middle High German genœme, late Old High German ginâmi, adjective, ‘acceptable, agreeable’ (without the prefix an-), allied to nehmen. Compare Gothic andanêms ‘agreeable,’ allied to and-niman, ‘to accept.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/anberaumen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry anberaumen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ anberaumen, verb, ‘to fix or appoint (a time),’ with a dialectic transmutation of â into au (Old Bavarian), or the word was based by popular etymology on Raum, from Middle High German râmen (rœmen), ‘to make proposals, aim, strive’ (berâmen, ‘to fix’), Old High German râmên, Old Saxon râmôn, ‘to aim, strive,’ Dutch beramen, ‘to fix’; allied to Middle High German râm ‘goal’ (root rê, as in Rede?). Further Old French aramir, ‘to define legally’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/anrüchig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry anrüchig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ anrüchig, adjective, also anrüchtig, ‘disreputable,’ Modern High German only, formed from ruchbar under the influence of riechen. See ruchtbar.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/ant-

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry ant-. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ant-, prefix, preserved in Modern High German only in Ant-litz and Ant-wort (see also Amt, anheischig, and Handwerk). It is found in the early periods in many noun compounds, to which Modern High German ent-; is the corresponding prefix of verbal compounds. Compare Middle High German and Old High German ant-, Gothic anda-, Anglo-Saxon and-, ond- (compare English answer under Antwort); also the Gothic prep, and, ‘on, upon, in, along.’ The originally meaning of the prefix is ‘counter,’ which makes it cognate with Greek ἀντί ‘against,’ Latin ante, ‘before,’ Sanscrit ánti, ‘opposite.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/anbeischig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry anbeischig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ anbeischig, adjective, from the equivalent Middle High German antheiȥec, antheiȥe. adjective, ‘bound, engaged,’ influenced by hetschen; the Middle High German adjective is derived from Middle High German and Old High German an-theiȥ, ‘vow, promise,’ which, like Gothic andahait ‘confession,’ Anglo-Saxon ondettan, ‘to confess,’ is compound of the particle ant- and the root hait, ‘to bid.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blitz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blitz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blitz, masculine, from the equivalent Middle High German blitze, blicze, blicz, masculine, ‘lightning’ (Swiss even now blitzg for bliktz); a derivative of Middle High German bliczen, ‘to lighten,’ Old High German blëcchazzen (formed like the equivalent Gothic lauhatjun). Allied to the earlier Old High German and Middle High German blic, ‘lightning.’ The Teutonic root blëk corresponds to Aryan bhleg, bhlog, in Greek φλέγω, ‘to burn, blaze,’ φλόξ, ‘flame,’ Sanscrit bhrâj, ‘to radiate, sparkle’ (whence Sanscrit bharga(s), ‘splendour,’ and bhṛgu, ‘the special gods of light’), as well as Latin fulgur, fulmen (for *fulgmen), ‘lightning.’ To the Aryan root bhleg the following also belong: Dutch bliksem, Old Saxon bliksmo, bliksni, ‘lightning,’ Dutch blaken, ‘to flame,’ Anglo-Saxon blœcern, blacern, ‘candlestick’ (see Blaker), and perhaps blank (compare further blecken and Blick).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blechen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blechen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blechen, ‘to pay money,’ compare berappen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blei

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blei. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blei, neuter ‘lead,’ from the equivalent Middle High German blî (Gen. blîwes), Old High German blîo (for *blîw), ‘lead’; it corresponds to Old Icelandic blý; Gothic *bleiwa- is wanting. The word cannot be traced farther back; it is not found in English, the term used being lead (Dutch loot; compare Let).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Bleicher

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Bleicher. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Bleicher(t), masculine, ‘pale-red wine, claret,’ a recent derivative from bleich.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blendling

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blendling. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blendling, masculine, ‘mongrel,’ from Middle High German blanden, Old High German blantan, ‘to mix’; Gothic blandan. This Old Teutonic strong verb, meaning ‘to mix,’ is based, according to the laws of the permutation of consonants, on a pre-Teutonic root bhlandh, not found in any other word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blech

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blech. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blech, neuter, ‘thin metal plate, tin plate,’ from the equivalent Middle High German blëch, Old High German blëh, neuter; it corresponds to Old Icelandic blik, neuter, ‘gold, thin plate of gold.’ In English the word is not to be met with; it is formed by gradation from the root blik, which appears in bleichen, and means ‘shining.’ —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Bleihe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Bleihe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Bleihe, feminine, ‘whitebait, bleak,’ Dutch term for a ‘species of white fish; compare Dutch blei, Middle Low German and Middle Dutch bleie, Anglo-Saxon blœ̂ge, English *blay; from blajjôn for *blaigjôn (compare Old High German reia, Anglo-Saxon rœ̂ge, from raigjon; see under Reh). As Modern High German Ricke is a parallel form of Old High German reia, so Middle High German and Modern High German (Swiss) blicke is a variant of Low German bleie. The primary meaning and further cognates are uncertain; Old High German bleihha, Middle High German bleiche, would point to a connection with bleich (compare Old Icelandic blígja, ‘to glance at’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blick

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blick. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blick, masculine, ‘glance, look, gleam,’ from Middle High German blick, ‘splendour, lightning, glance’; corresponds to Old High German blic (blicches), neuter, ‘lightning’ (also blicfiur, ‘electricity’). The original sense of the Middle High German word was probably heller Strahl (a bright flash), Strahl being used figuratively of the eye as of lightning; the physical meaning of the stem has been preserved in Blitz. The root is shown under blecken, and especially under Blitz, to be the pre-Teutonic bhleg.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Block

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Block. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Block, masculine, ‘block, log, prison,’ from Middle High German bloch, ‘log, plant, a sort of trap.’ ​In the latter signification (to which Middle High German blocken, ‘to put in prison,’ is related) it represents Old High German bilóh (with syncopated i; see other similar examples under bei), ‘lock-up,’ which belongs to an Old Teutonic strong verb lûkan, ‘to lock’ (compare further English lock; see Loch). The meaning ‘log, plank’ (Middle High German bloch), is probably based on a different word, which is most likely related to Balken; even in Old High German, bloh occurs. The cognates passed into Romance (French bloc, bloquer), whence again Modern High German blockieren, English to block.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Blindschleiche

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Blindschleiche. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Blindschleiche, see under Schleichen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barbe

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Barbe | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Barbe, f., ‘barbel,’ from MidHG. barbe, f., OHG. barbo, m., which is based upon the equiv. Lat. barbus. The fish derived its name from barba, ‘beard,’ on account of its beard-like appendages; from the Lat. word comes Fr. barbeau (from MidLat. barbellus), whence E. barbel, as well as barb; comp. also Ital. barbio, ‘barbel.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barbier

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Barbier | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Barbier, m., ‘barber,’ early ModHG. only, borrowed from Fr. barbier (MidLat. barbarius, ‘barber’).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Barch

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Barch | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Barch, m., ‘castrated hog,’ from MidHG. barc (barges), OHG. barug and barh; comp. AS. bearh, bearg, E. barrow, Du. barg, berg, OIc. bǫrgr; Goth. *bargws (*burgus). No evidence of a pre-Teut. stem bhargh, bhark, for ‘hog, can be adduced from other languages. Lat. verres and Sans. varâha-s, ‘boar,’ cannot be allied to it, any more than Lat. porcus, which belongs to Ferkel. It is more probable that Russ. borov (primit. Slav. *borovŭ) is a cognate.