# Primary Lessons in Swatow Grammar/Lesson XVII
## Adieu, good-bye, &c,

    (sî-pie̍t kâi-ūe ũ chōi-chōi-iēⁿ, words of parting are of many kinds).

   ## lṳ́ chhiáⁿ; chhiáⁿ,

       if you please. (chí-kù sĩ thong-ēng, this one is in general use,—put-lũn sĩ-mih-nâng hó-ēng, people of any class may use it).

   ## lṳ́ ēng-kang,

       attend to your work. (chí-kù tùi-sai-pẽ hó-tàⁿ, this expression may be said to a mechanic,—tùi tha̍k-chṳ-nâng iā-hó-tàⁿ, may also be said to literary men).

   ## lṳ́ lāu-jie̍t; lāu-jie̍t,

       plenty of business to you. (chí-kù tùi-seng-lí-nâng hó-tàⁿ, this sentence may be used to merchants and traders).

   ## lṳ́ chhiáⁿ-chõ; lṳ́ chõ; tãi-ke chhiáⁿ-chõ,

       please retain your seat; Ye all, please retain your seats. (siêⁿ-ēng kâi-ūe, words of constant use. Used by visitors when taking leave).

   ## uá lâi-cháu,

       I am going to run. (Said by a departing visitor who has some distance to go).

   ## uá lâi-khṳ̀,

       I am going. (chí-kù iáu-chhou ēng, this sentence is of rather common,—uncultured—use).

   ## àiⁿ-hûe--liáu,

       I am about returning. (iáu-kun-chṳ́, a more cultured expression (than the preceding one)).

   ## hũn-jiáu,

       I trouble you.

   ## lūi--lṳ́,

       I am troubling you. (Polite expressions used sometimes at parting).

   ## lṳ́ chṳ̃-chãi,

       be at rest; be comfortable. (Said by a departing visitor when the host is, perhaps, reclining, or resting in a comfortable position, and means, please don’t disturb yourself).

## Ah—ã; ãⁿ.

    (ngõ-tie̍h khî-kùai--kâi chiũ-ēng chí-kâi-gṳ́, when one meets with anything strange, he uses this exclamation. ũ-se-su phìⁿ-sièⁿ kâi-ì, with a Little contemptuous meaning,—sometimes.—iā-ũ gî-mn̄g kâi-ì, also when asking with the idea of doubt).

   ## ã, lṳ́ būe-khṳ̀,

       ah, you havn’t gone yet.

   ## ã, chá-sî lṳ́ m̄-thiaⁿ--uá,

       ah, you didn't listen to me a while ago.

   ## taⁿ hīn-chãi chiũ-ngõ-tie̍h chí-kâi,

       and now you have met with this.

## Begone—khṳ̀--nō.

    (im ũ-tn̂g-tó, iā-ũ-khin ũ-tãng, the tone may be long or short, or it may be light or heavy.—tó--kâi chiàⁿ-khin, ũ-un-jiû kâi-ì, when short and light it has a mild meaning. tn̂g--kâi chiàⁿ-tãng ũ-seⁿ-khì kâi-ì, when the tone is long and heavy it denotes anger). ​

   ## khṳ̀--nō,

       go (mildly).

   ## khṳ̀ nō-ō-ō,

       get you gone.

## Hist, hark,—ss, ist,

    (àiⁿ-kiè-nâng tiām-tiām, when you want to tell some one to be still. or, àiⁿ hàm-nâng cháu-khui, want to tell him to stand off.

   ## lṳ́ chhiáⁿ-sù--úa,

       I beg you to indulge me, i.e. hear me.

   ## hiaⁿ-tĩ lṳ́ chhiáⁿ-thiaⁿ úa-tàⁿ,

       brethren please to hear me speak.

   ## lṳ́ chhiáⁿ-tiām thãi úa-tàⁿ,

       you please be quiet until I speak.

   ## iông uá-tàⁿ,

       allow me to state.

## Halloo,—ou-ou-ôi,

    (àiⁿ-hàm-nâng chiũ ēng chí-kâi siaⁿ-búe, if you want to call people use this vocal ending.—nâng a-sĩ hñg-hñg im chiũ khan tn̂g-tn̂g, the man if he is far away, the tone must be drawn out long).

   ## chûn ou-ou-ôi,

       Halloo, the boat.

   ## A-sam ou-ou-ôi,

       Halloo, A Sam.

   ## thâu-mīn-chôiⁿ kâi-nâng ā,

       Halloo, you man ahead there.

## Lo, behold,—ñg, ã, ũa, ẽⁿ,

    (ngõ-tie̍h m̄-pat thóiⁿ-kìⁿ kâi chiũ-ēng chí-kâi, when you meet with something you havn’t seen (unexpected), then you may use these).

   ## ã, sĩ-lṳ́,

       behold, you have come.

   ## úa khṳ̀-chhūe, ñg, bô-tõ,

       I went to look for it, and behold, it was not there.

   ## ũa, lṳ́ tõ-chí-ā,

       lo, here you are.

## Oh,—ō.
   ## ō, lṳ́ tàⁿ chí--kù úa mêng-pe̍h,

       oh, when you say that, I understand.

   ## ō, úa mêng-pe̍h,

       oh, I understand.

   ## ō, sĩ àn-chièⁿ-seⁿ, ā,

       oh, the matter is like that, is it,

## O,—ō, ā,
   ## Iⁿ-sek-lie̍t nâng, o,

       O, Israel.

   ## chèng-ūi hiaⁿ-tĩ, ā,

       O, ye brethren all.

## Pshaw,—tshṳ́, chhiá lṳ-lṳ-lṳ,
   ## tshṳ́, chièⁿ-seⁿ kâi-ūe,

       pshaw, on such words as that.

   ## tshṳ́, chièⁿ-seⁿ kâi-nâng, bô-tõ-lí-chãi,

       nonsense, on such a man, he is utterly wanting in reason.

## Heigho,—ái-à, õi-ōu,
   ## ái-ã. m̄-hó. heigho,

       that’s not proper.

   ## ái-ã. chhiú mài-thãng,

       heigho, don’t touch it. ​

## Alas—ái-ã; hái-ã.

    (nāⁿ-sĩ kìⁿ-tie̍h iu-būn kiaⁿ-hãi--kâi chiũ-hó ēng-chí-kâi-ūe, if you meet with anything sad or frightful then use these words).

   ## lân-nãi, ō,

       hard to bear.

   ## kan-khóu-chãi, ā,

       very hard.

   ## chhi-chhám, ā,

       most woful.

   ## uá chhám, ā,

       alas, for me.

## Hum—m̄, hēⁿ, (ũ-sî gî--kâi-ì,

    sometimes expresses doubt).

## Ah, indeed—ñg; āu.
   ## āu, āu, ka-lau̍h-liáu,

       there, there now, you’ve dropped it.

## O then, that being so—hiá--li; húai.
   ## hiá li-i: a-sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ,

       O then, if that’s the way it is,

   ## hiá li, mài-khṳ̀ kèng-hó,

       O then, it would be better not to go.

   ## húai, chièⁿ-seⁿ m̄-káⁿ-khṳ̀,

       that being so, I dare not go. (This word li is constantly used to give emphasis, and serves as an exclamation point)

   ## m̄-chai--li,

       O, I don’t know.

   ## tie̍h--li,

       assuredly so.

## Look out—ā.
   ## nâng--ā, nâng--ā, kiâⁿ-che̍k-pôiⁿ,

       look out man, walk one side.

   ## nâng--ā, chai-kuan, mài-chūang--tie̍h,

       halloo, man, take care, don’t run against it.

## Ugh—ĩ--hĩ; ṳ̃; ẽ.

    (hán--tit thóiⁿ-kìⁿ, ho̍k hut-jiên-lâi--kâi, ho̍k chhi-gî kâi-sṳ̄ chiũ-hó ēng-chí-kâi, you may use this concerning something rarely seen, or unexpectedly coming, or very repulsive).

   ## ĩ--hĩ, hiá chhi-gî-chãi, lā,

       ugh, that is very repulsive.

## Ho—ō; ā; hói.

    (The latter is not a respectful way of calling, but is constantly heard in the markets).

   ## hói, kiâⁿ-khui,

       ho, step aside.

   ## hói, mài-ji̍p--khṳ̀,

       ho, don’t go in there.

## Provoking—khî.

    (With the idea of strangeness).