# Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 11

TRANSACTIONS
AND
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,
1878.
VOL. XI.
EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE,
By
JAMES HECTOR, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.
Issued May, 1879.
WELLINGTON: LYON AND BLAIR, PRINTERS, LAMBTON QUAY
TRUBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.
PREFACE.
The Editor acknowledges with thanks the assistance he has received from the following gentlemen in revising the proofs of their papers:—viz., Messrs. Carruthers, J. T. Thomson, Buller, T. Kirk, Buchanan, and T. W. Kirk.
For the Meteorological Statistics, and the illustrations, the thanks of the Board are due to Messrs. Gore and Buchanan respectively, and to Messrs. McColl and Earle of the lithographic department, who, by permission of the Hon. Colonial Secretary, completed the preparation of the plates.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
| Page |
| 32, | line 12, for Island read Land. |
| 32, | line 7 from bottom, for Peter 1st read Peter's. |
| 32, | lines 3 and 4 from bottom, for Ballemy read Balleny. |
| 33, | lines 13 and 15, for Kemp read Kewp. |
| 37, | line 5 from bottom, for was read is. |
| 38, | line 1, for They read Ships. |
| 39, | line 18, for streets read sewers. |
| 51, | line 14, for consume read conserve. |
| 134, | line 20, after from insert the sum of. |
| 136, | line 24, for the read this. |
| 136, | lines 5 and 6 from bottom, after + insert a comma, and at end of each line add the minus sign. |
| 137, | line 2 from bottom, omit To compute the eye and object corrections. |
| 138, | before line 1, insert To compute the eye and object corrections. |
| 139, | line 11 from bottom, for verticle read vertical. |
| 229, | line 13, for bases read hairs. |
| 229, | line 16, for leaves read hairs. |
| 269, | bottom line, for duodesma read duodenum. |
| 270, | line 19, for species read spines. |
| 354, | line 13, for Cucubus read Cuculus. |
| 354, | line 12 from bottom, for marginal read margined. |
| 366, | In title of Art. XLIX., for September read November. |
| 397, | In title of Art. LVI., for 30th October read 9th November. |
| 469, | line 14 from bottom, for intro read nitro. |
| 474, | line 8 from bottom, for suitable read notable. |
| 536, | line 10 from bottom, for mataurienis read matauriensis. |
CONTENTS.
TRANSACTIONS.
I.—Miscellaneous. :
| | | | PAGES |
| Art. | I. | On some of the Terms used in Political Economy. By John Carruthers, M. Inst. C.E. | 3–31 |
| | II. | On Antarctic Exploration. By C. W. Purnell | 31–38 |
| | III. | On the Cleansing of Towns. By J. Turnbull Thomson, C.E., F.R.G.S., F.R.S.S.A., Surveyor-General of New Zealand | 38–70 |
| | IV. | The Maori Canoe. By R. C. Barstow | 71–76 |
| | V. | Contributions towards a better Knowledge of the Maori Race. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | 77–106 |
| | VI. | On the Ignorance of the Ancient New Zealanders of the Use of Projectile Weapons. By W. Colenso | 106–118 |
| | VII. | On Temporary and Variable Stars. By Prof. A. W. Bickerton, F.C.S., Associate of the Royal School of Mines, London | 118–124 |
| | VIII. | Partial Impact: A possible Explanation of the Origin of the Solar System, Comets, and other Phenomena of the Universe. By Prof. A. W. Bickerton | 125–132 |
| | IX. | On the Calculation of Distances by means of Reciprocal Vertical Angles. By C. W. Adams | 132–140 |
| | X. | A Description of inexpensive Apparatus for measuring the Angles of Position and Distances of Double Stars, and the Method of using it. By James H. Pope | 141–144 |
| | XI. | Deflection of Shingle-bearing Currents and Protection of River Banks by Douslins's Floating Log Dams. By H. P. Macklin | 144–146 |
| | XII. | On Beach Protection. By W. D. Campbell, A.I.C.E. | 146–149 |
| | XIII. | How New Zealand may continue to grow Wheat and other Cereals. By James C. Crawford | 149–153 |
| | XIV. | On the Rock Paintings in the Weka Pass. By A. Mackenzie Cameron. Communicated by Prof. J. von Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 154–157 |
| | XV. | Barat or Barata Fossil Words. By J. Turnbull Thomson, F.R.G.S., F.R.S.S.A., etc. | 157–185 |
| II.—Zoology. ||||
| | XVI. | On some Coccidæ in New Zealand. By W. M. Maskell | 187–228 |
| | XVII. | On a Hymenopterous Insect parasitic on Coccidæ. By W. M. Maskell | 228–230 |
| | XVIII. | New Zealand Crustacea, with Descriptions of new Species. By George M. Thomson | 230–248 |
| | XIX. | Description of new Crustacean from the Auckland Islands. By George M. Thomson | 249–250 |
| | XX. | Description of a new Species of Isopodous Crustacean. By George M. Thomson | 250–251 |
| | XXI. | On the New Zealand Entomostraca. By George M. Thomson | 251–263 |
| | XXII. | On Desis robsoni, a Marine Spider from Cape Campbell. By Llewellyn Powell, M.D., F.L.S. | 263–268 ​ |
| | XXIII. | Notes on the Anatomy of Regalecus pacificus, von Haast. By Llewellyn Powell | 269–270 |
| | XXIV. | On the Brown Trout introduced into Otago. By W. Arthur, C.E. | 271–290 |
| | XXV. | On some new Fishes. By F. E. Clarke | 291–295 |
| | XXVI. | On a new Fish found at Hokitika. By F. E. Clarke | 295–297 |
| | XXVII. | On a new Fish. By W. D. Campbell, C.E., F.G.S. | 297–298 |
| | XXVIII. | Notes on the Genus Callorhynchus, with a Description of an undescribed New Zealand Species. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | 298–300 |
| | XXIX. | Notes on the Metamorphosis of one of our largest Moths, Dasypodia selenophora. By W. Colenso | 300–304 |
| | XXX. | Further Notes on Danais berenice, in a letter from Mr. F. W. C. Sturm to the Honorary Secretary, Hawke Bay Philosophical Institute | 305 |
| | XXXI. | Notes on some New Zealand Echinodermata, with Descriptions of new Species. By Professor F. W. Hutton | 305–308 |
| | XXXII. | The Sea Anemones of New Zealand. By Professor Hutton | 308–314 |
| | XXXIII. | Catalogue of the hitherto-described Worms of New Zealand. By Professor Hutton | 314–327 |
| | XXXIV. | List of the New Zealand Cirripedia in the Otago Museum. By Professor Hutton | 328–330 |
| | XXXV. | On a new Infusorian parasitic on Patella argentea. By Professor Hutton | 330 |
| | XXXVI. | Description of some new Slugs. By Professor Hutton | 331–332 |
| | XXXVII. | On Phalacrocorax carunculatus, Gmelin. By Professor Hutton | 332–337 |
| | XXXVIII. | Notes on a Collection from the Auckland Islands and Campbell Island. By Professor Hutton | 337–343 |
| | XXXIX. | Note accompanying Specimens of the Black Rat (Mus rattus, L.). By Taylor White. Communicated by Professor Hutton | 343–344 |
| | XL. | On a new Species of Millepora. By the Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, F.L.S., F.G.S., etc. Communicated by Prof. Hutton | 345–347 |
| | XLI. | Notes on the Life History of Charagia virescens. By the Rev. C. H. Gosset. Communicated by Prof. Hutton | 347–348 |
| | XLII. | Further Notes on the Habits of the Tuatara Lizard. By Walter L. Buller, C.M.G., Sc.D., F.L.S. | 349–351 |
| | XLIII. | On the specific Value of Prion banksii. By Walter L. Buller | 351–352 |
| | XLIV. | Remarks on the Long-tailed Cuckoo (Eudynamis taitensis). By Walter L. Buller | 353–355 |
| | XLV. | Remarks on a species of Lestris inhabiting our Seas. By Walter L. Buller | 355–359 |
| | XLVI. | Note on Mr. Howard Saunders' Review of the Larinæ, or Gulls. By Walter L. Buller | 359–360 |
| | XLVII. | On a further Occurrence of the Australian Tree Swallow (Hylochelidon nigricans) in New Zealand. By Walter L. Buller | 360 |
| | XLVIII. | Additions to List of Species, and Notices of Rare Occurrences, since the publication of 'The Birds of New Zealand.' By Walter L. Buller | 361–366 |
| | XLIX. | Further Contributions to the Ornithology of New Zealand. By Walter L. Buller | 366–376 |
| | L. | Memorandum of the Keá. By the Hon. Dr. Menzies, M.L.C. | 376–377 |
| | LI. | Descriptions of three new Species of Opisthobranchiate Mollusca. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S. | 378–380 |
| | LII. | Our Fish Supply. By P. Thomson | 380–386 |
| | LIII. | The District of Okarita, Westland. By A. Hamilton | 386–391 |
| | LIV. | Notes on the Breeding Habits of the Katipo (Latrodectus katipo). By C. H. Robson | 391–392 ​ |
| | LV. | On Additions to the Carcinological Fauna of New Zealand. By T. W. Kirk, Assistant in the Colonial Museum | 392–397 |
| | LVI. | On some New Zealand Aphroditæ, with Descriptions of supposed new Species. By T. W. Kirk | 397–400 |
| | LVII. | Notes on some New Zealand Crustaceans. By T. W. Kirk | 401–402 |
| III.—Botany. ||||
| | LVIII. | Further Observations upon certain Grasses and Fodder Plants. By S. M. Curl, M.D. | 403–411 |
| | LIX. | On Pituri, a new Vegetable Product that deserves further Investigation. By S. M. Curl, M.D. | 411–415 |
| | LX. | Notes on Cleistogamic Flowers of the Genus Viola. By George M. Thomson | 415–417 |
| | LXI. | On the Means of Fertilization among some New Zealand Orchids. By G. M. Thomson | 418–426 |
| | LXII. | Description of a new Species of Coprosma. By D. Petrie, M.A. | 426–427 |
| | LXIII. | Description of a new Species of Celmisia. By J. Buchanan | 427–428 |
| | LXIV. | Notice of a new Species of Pomaderris (P. tainui). By Dr. Hector | 428–429 |
| | LXV. | A Description of two New Zealand Ferns, believed to be new to Science. By W. Colenso | 429–431 |
| | LXVI. | On the Occurrence of the Australian Genus Poranthera in New Zealand. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S. | 432–433 |
| | LXVII. | Notice of the Occurrence of Juncus tenuis, Willd., in New Zealand. By T. F. Cheeseman | 433–434 |
| | LXVIII. | Notice of the Occurrence of the Genus Kyllinga in New Zealand. By T. F. Cheeseman | 434–435 |
| | LXIX. | List of Plants collected in the District of Okarita, Westland. By A. Hamilton | 435–438 |
| | LXX. | Notes on Mr. Hamilton's Collection of Okarita Plants. By T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 439–444 |
| | LXXI. | Notes on the Botany of Waiheke, Rangitoto, and other Islands in the Hauraki Gulf. By T. Kirk | 444–454 |
| | LXXII. | On the Export of Fungus from New Zealand. By T. Kirk | 454–456 |
| | LXXIII. | Description of a new Species of Lycopodium. By T. Kirk | 456–457 |
| | LXXIV. | Description of a new Species of Hymenophyllum. By T. Kirk | 457–458 |
| | LXXV. | Notes and Suggestions on the Utilization of certain neglected New Zealand Timbers. By T. Kirk | 453–463 |
| | LXXVI. | Descriptions of New Plants. By T. Kirk | 463–466 |
| | LXXVII. | Notice of the Discovery of Calceolaria repens, Hook. f., and other Plants in the Wellington District. By Harry Borrer Kirk. Communicated by Mr. T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 466–467 |
| IV.—Chemistry. ||||
| | LXXVIII. | Preliminary Note on the Presence of one or more Hydrocarbons of the Benzol Series in the American Petroleum, also in our Petroleums. By William Skey, Analyst to the Geological Survey Department | 469–470 |
| | LXXIX. | On a Property possessed by Essential Oils of whitening the Precipitate produced by mixing a Solution of Mercuro-iodide with one of Mercuric-chloride. By William Skey | 470–471 |
| | LXXX. | Preliminary Note on the Production of one or more Alkaloids from Fixed Oils by the Aniline Process. By William Skey | 471–473 |
| | LXXXI. | On the Cause of the Movements of Camphor when placed upon the Surface of Water. By William Skey | 473–485 |
| | LXXXII. | On Osomose, as the Cause of the persistent Suspension of Clay in Water. By William Skey | 485–490 |
| | LXXXIII. | On the Nature and Cause of Tomlinson's Cohesion Figures. By William Skey | 490–493 ​ |
| V.—Geology. ||||
| | LXXXIV. | On the Geological Structure of Banks Peninsula, being an Address by Prof. Julius von Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S., President of the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury | 495–512 |
| | LXXXV. | Notes on a Salt Spring near Hokianga. By J. A. Pond | 512–514 |
| | LXXXVI. | Notes of a Traditional Change in the Coast-line at Manukau Heads. By S. Percy Smith | 514–516 |
| PROCEEDINGS. ||||
| WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. ||||
| Remarks by the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S. | Remarks by the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S. | Remarks by the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 520 |
| On the Production of Platino-iodides of the Alkaloids. By W. Skey | On the Production of Platino-iodides of the Alkaloids. By W. Skey | On the Production of Platino-iodides of the Alkaloids. By W. Skey | 523 |
| On some of the Causes which operate in Shingle-bearing Rivers in the Determination of their Courses and in the Formation of Plains. By J. P. Maxwell, A.I.C.E. (abstract) | On some of the Causes which operate in Shingle-bearing Rivers in the Determination of their Courses and in the Formation of Plains. By J. P. Maxwell, A.I.C.E. (abstract) | On some of the Causes which operate in Shingle-bearing Rivers in the Determination of their Courses and in the Formation of Plains. By J. P. Maxwell, A.I.C.E. (abstract) | 524–525 |
| Some Notes on the D'Urville Island Copper Mine. By S. H. Cox, F.C.S., F.G.S., Assistant Geologist (abstract) | Some Notes on the D'Urville Island Copper Mine. By S. H. Cox, F.C.S., F.G.S., Assistant Geologist (abstract) | Some Notes on the D'Urville Island Copper Mine. By S. H. Cox, F.C.S., F.G.S., Assistant Geologist (abstract) | 525–527 |
| On the Existence of Hydro-carbons in Fats and Oils. By W. Skey | On the Existence of Hydro-carbons in Fats and Oils. By W. Skey | On the Existence of Hydro-carbons in Fats and Oils. By W. Skey | 527 |
| Some Remarks on Dr. Curl's "Notes on Grasses and Fodder Plants, suitable for Introduction to New Zealand." By Henry Blundell (abstract) | Some Remarks on Dr. Curl's "Notes on Grasses and Fodder Plants, suitable for Introduction to New Zealand." By Henry Blundell (abstract) | Some Remarks on Dr. Curl's "Notes on Grasses and Fodder Plants, suitable for Introduction to New Zealand." By Henry Blundell (abstract) | 528–529 |
| An Account of Improvements on Miramar Peninsula. By J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. (abstract) | An Account of Improvements on Miramar Peninsula. By J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. (abstract) | An Account of Improvements on Miramar Peninsula. By J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. (abstract) | 530 |
| On a Gas-lamp for equalising Temperature. By J. Kebbell | On a Gas-lamp for equalising Temperature. By J. Kebbell | On a Gas-lamp for equalising Temperature. By J. Kebbell | 532 |
| Note on a curious Duplication of Tusks in the common Wild Pig (Sus scrofa). By A. Hamilton | Note on a curious Duplication of Tusks in the common Wild Pig (Sus scrofa). By A. Hamilton | Note on a curious Duplication of Tusks in the common Wild Pig (Sus scrofa). By A. Hamilton | 535 |
| On the Fossil Flora of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector, Director of the Geological Survey (abstract) | On the Fossil Flora of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector, Director of the Geological Survey (abstract) | On the Fossil Flora of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector, Director of the Geological Survey (abstract) | 536–537 |
| On the Fossil Brachiopoda of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector (abstract) | On the Fossil Brachiopoda of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector (abstract) | On the Fossil Brachiopoda of New Zealand. By Dr. Hector (abstract) | 537–539 |
| Abstract Report of Council | Abstract Report of Council | Abstract Report of Council | 539 |
| Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | 539 |
| Anniversary Address of the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S., being on the Relationship between the Floras of New Zealand and Australia | Anniversary Address of the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S., being on the Relationship between the Floras of New Zealand and Australia | Anniversary Address of the President, T. Kirk, F.L.S., being on the Relationship between the Floras of New Zealand and Australia | 539–546 |
| AUCKLAND INSTITUTE. ||||
| On the Histeridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | On the Histeridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | On the Histeridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | 547 |
| The New Zealand Anthribidæ. By Captain T. Broun | The New Zealand Anthribidæ. By Captain T. Broun | The New Zealand Anthribidæ. By Captain T. Broun | 547 |
| The British Arctic Expedition of 1875–76. By F. G. Ewington | The British Arctic Expedition of 1875–76. By F. G. Ewington | The British Arctic Expedition of 1875–76. By F. G. Ewington | 547 |
| Education as a Science: Part I. By C. A. Robertson | Education as a Science: Part I. By C. A. Robertson | Education as a Science: Part I. By C. A. Robertson | 547 |
| The Cossonidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | The Cossonidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | The Cossonidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | 547 |
| Education as a Science: Part II. By C. A. Robertson | Education as a Science: Part II. By C. A. Robertson | Education as a Science: Part II. By C. A. Robertson | 547 |
| Æolus Vinctus. By J. Adams, B.A. | Æolus Vinctus. By J. Adams, B.A. | Æolus Vinctus. By J. Adams, B.A. | 547–548 |
| The New Zealand Anobiidæ. By Captain T. Broun | The New Zealand Anobiidæ. By Captain T. Broun | The New Zealand Anobiidæ. By Captain T. Broun | 548 |
| The Establishment of a School of Design | The Establishment of a School of Design | The Establishment of a School of Design | 549 |
| The Dascillidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | The Dascillidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | The Dascillidæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | 549 |
| High Schools for Girls. By J. Adams, B.A. | High Schools for Girls. By J. Adams, B.A. | High Schools for Girls. By J. Adams, B.A. | 549 |
| On the Telephoridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | On the Telephoridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | On the Telephoridæ of New Zealand. By Captain T. Broun | 549 |
| Notes on the Rising Generation. By D. C. Wilson (abstract) | Notes on the Rising Generation. By D. C. Wilson (abstract) | Notes on the Rising Generation. By D. C. Wilson (abstract) | 549–550 |
| Annual Report | Annual Report | Annual Report | 550–552 |
| Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | 552 |
| PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY. ||||
| Remarks on Mr. Mackenzie Cameron's Theory respecting the Kahui Tipua. By J. W. Stack | Remarks on Mr. Mackenzie Cameron's Theory respecting the Kahui Tipua. By J. W. Stack | Remarks on Mr. Mackenzie Cameron's Theory respecting the Kahui Tipua. By J. W. Stack | 553 |
| Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | 554 |
| Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | 554–555 ​ |
| OTAGO INSTITUTE. ||||
| The Science of the Weather. By D. Petrie, M.A. | The Science of the Weather. By D. Petrie, M.A. | The Science of the Weather. By D. Petrie, M.A. | 556 |
| The Fauna of New Zealand. By Prof. Hutton | The Fauna of New Zealand. By Prof. Hutton | The Fauna of New Zealand. By Prof. Hutton | 556 |
| A Plea for the Study of Politics. By the Hon. R. Stout, M.H.R. | A Plea for the Study of Politics. By the Hon. R. Stout, M.H.R. | A Plea for the Study of Politics. By the Hon. R. Stout, M.H.R. | 557 |
| Description of two new Crabs. By Prof. Hutton | Description of two new Crabs. By Prof. Hutton | Description of two new Crabs. By Prof. Hutton | 557 |
| Notes on the New Zealand Shells in the "Voyage au Pôle Sud." By Prof. Hutton | Notes on the New Zealand Shells in the "Voyage au Pôle Sud." By Prof. Hutton | Notes on the New Zealand Shells in the "Voyage au Pôle Sud." By Prof. Hutton | 557 |
| Domestic Æsthetics, and the Higher Education of Women. By the Rev. A. R. Fitchett | Domestic Æsthetics, and the Higher Education of Women. By the Rev. A. R. Fitchett | Domestic Æsthetics, and the Higher Education of Women. By the Rev. A. R. Fitchett | 558 |
| On Magnetic Dip. By A. H. Ross (abstract) | On Magnetic Dip. By A. H. Ross (abstract) | On Magnetic Dip. By A. H. Ross (abstract) | 558–559 |
| The Mechanism of Voice and Speech. By Prof. Scott | The Mechanism of Voice and Speech. By Prof. Scott | The Mechanism of Voice and Speech. By Prof. Scott | 560 |
| On the Scientific Form of Harbours. By W. G. Jenkins | On the Scientific Form of Harbours. By W. G. Jenkins | On the Scientific Form of Harbours. By W. G. Jenkins | 560 |
| Annual Report of the Council | Annual Report of the Council | Annual Report of the Council | 560 |
| Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | 561 |
| Address by the President, W. N. Blair, C.E. | Address by the President, W. N. Blair, C.E. | Address by the President, W. N. Blair, C.E. | 561–566 |
| HAWKE BAY PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE. ||||
| A Memorandum of my First Journey to the Ruahine Mountain Range, and of the Flora of that Region: Part I. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | A Memorandum of my First Journey to the Ruahine Mountain Range, and of the Flora of that Region: Part I. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | A Memorandum of my First Journey to the Ruahine Mountain Range, and of the Flora of that Region: Part I. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | 567 |
| Election of Officers for 1878–9 | Election of Officers for 1878–9 | Election of Officers for 1878–9 | 567 |
| Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | 567 |
| On the Moa (Dinornis, sp.) By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | On the Moa (Dinornis, sp.) By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | On the Moa (Dinornis, sp.) By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | 568 |
| On the beneficial Raising of Trees suited for Timber and Firewood. By F. W. C. Sturm | On the beneficial Raising of Trees suited for Timber and Firewood. By F. W. C. Sturm | On the beneficial Raising of Trees suited for Timber and Firewood. By F. W. C. Sturm | 568–570 |
| Memoranda of a Journey in which he succeeded in crossing the Ruahine Mountain Range, with Notes on the local Botany and Topography of that District: Part II. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | Memoranda of a Journey in which he succeeded in crossing the Ruahine Mountain Range, with Notes on the local Botany and Topography of that District: Part II. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | Memoranda of a Journey in which he succeeded in crossing the Ruahine Mountain Range, with Notes on the local Botany and Topography of that District: Part II. By W. Colenso, F.L.S. | 570 |
| On certain New Zealand and Australian Barks useful for Tanning Purposes. By J. A. Smith | On certain New Zealand and Australian Barks useful for Tanning Purposes. By J. A. Smith | On certain New Zealand and Australian Barks useful for Tanning Purposes. By J. A. Smith | 570–571 |
| New Specimens in Natural History, described. By W. Colenso | New Specimens in Natural History, described. By W. Colenso | New Specimens in Natural History, described. By W. Colenso | 572 |
| WESTLAND INSTITUTE. ||||
| Notice of a Tadpole found in a drain in Hokitika. By F. E. Clarke | Notice of a Tadpole found in a drain in Hokitika. By F. E. Clarke | Notice of a Tadpole found in a drain in Hokitika. By F. E. Clarke | 573 |
| On the Discovery of Moa Bones near Marsden. By W. D. Campbell | On the Discovery of Moa Bones near Marsden. By W. D. Campbell | On the Discovery of Moa Bones near Marsden. By W. D. Campbell | 574 |
| Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | Election of Officers for 1879 | 574 |
| Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | Abstract of Annual Report | 574 |
| NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE. ||||
| Tenth Annual Report of the Board of Governors | Tenth Annual Report of the Board of Governors | Tenth Annual Report of the Board of Governors | 577–578 |
| Museum | Museum | Museum | 578–581 |
| Meteorology | Meteorology | Meteorology | 582 |
| Time-ball Observatory | Time-ball Observatory | Time-ball Observatory | 582 |
| Laboratory | Laboratory | Laboratory | 582 |
| Accounts of the New Zealand Institute, 1877–8 | Accounts of the New Zealand Institute, 1877–8 | Accounts of the New Zealand Institute, 1877–8 | 582 |
| APPENDIX. ||||
| Meteorological Statistics of New Zealand for 1878 | Meteorological Statistics of New Zealand for 1878 | Meteorological Statistics of New Zealand for 1878 | xxi–xxiii |
| Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1878 | Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1878 | Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1878 | xxiii |
| Comparative Abstract for 1878, and previous years | Comparative Abstract for 1878, and previous years | Comparative Abstract for 1878, and previous years | xxiv |
| Notes on the Weather during 1878 | Notes on the Weather during 1878 | Notes on the Weather during 1878 | xxv–xxvi ​ |
| Record of Papers on New Zealand Natural History, 1878–9 | Record of Papers on New Zealand Natural History, 1878–9 | Record of Papers on New Zealand Natural History, 1878–9 | xxvii |
| Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute | Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute | Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute | xxviii |
| Ordinary Members | Ordinary Members | Ordinary Members | xxviii–xxxix |
| List of Public Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented | List of Public Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented | List of Public Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented | xl–xlii |
| Addenda et Corrigenda | Addenda et Corrigenda | Addenda et Corrigenda | iii |
| Contents | Contents | Contents | v–x |
| List of Plates | List of Plates | List of Plates | x |
| Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute | Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute | Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute | xi |
| Abstracts of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute | Abstracts of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute | Abstracts of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute | xi–xiii |
| List of Incorporated Societies | List of Incorporated Societies | List of Incorporated Societies | xiv |
| Officers of Incorporated Societies, and extracts from the rules | Officers of Incorporated Societies, and extracts from the rules | Officers of Incorporated Societies, and extracts from the rules | xiv–xvii |
LIST OF PLATES.
| PLATE | | TO FACE PAGE. |
| I. | Pope.—Apparatus for measuring Position of Double Stars | 142 |
| II. | Macklin.—River Protective Works | 144 |
| III. | Campbell.—A Method of Beach Protection | 148 |
| IV. | J. T. Thomson.—Map showing Distribution of Languages used in India | 160 |
| V. | Maskell.—Coccidæ | 196 |
| VI. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 204 |
| VII. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 216 |
| VIII. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 224 |
| IX. | {{{1}}}„Hymenopterous Parasite on Coccidæ | 228 |
| X. | G. M. Thomson.—Crustacea | 248 |
| XI. | {{{1}}}„Entomostraca | 262 |
| XII. | Powell.—Desis robsoni | 268 |
| XIII. | Arthur.—Salmo fario, S. trutta | 280 |
| XIV. | Clarke.—Lepidopus elongatus, Argentina decagon | 296 |
| XV. | {{{1}}}„Trypterigium robustum, T. dorsalis, T. decemdigitatus, Acanthoclinus taumaka | 292 |
| XVI. | Cheeseman.—Opisthobranchiate Mollusca | 380 |
| XVII. | Colenso.—Callorhynchus dasycaudatus | 300 |
| XVIII. | Buchanan.—Celmisia cordatifolia | 428 |
| XIX. | T. Kirk.—Hymenophyllum rufescens, Lycopodium ramulosum | 456 |