OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Epistle to the Laodiceans

   For centuries some Western Latin Bibles used to contain a small Epistle from Paul to the Laodiceans. The oldest known Bible copy of this epistle is in a Fulda manuscript written for Victor of Capua in 546. It is mentioned by various writers from the fourth century onwards, notably by Pope Gregory the Great, to whose influence may ultimately be due the frequent occurrence of it in Bibles written in England; for it is commoner in English Bibles than in others. John Wycliffe included Paul's letter to the Laodiceans in his Bible translation from the Latin to English. However this epistle is not without controversy because there is no evidence of a Greek text. It contains almost no doctrine, teachings, or narrative not found elsewhere, and its exclusion from the Biblical canon has little effect.
   The text was almost unanimously considered pseudepigraphal when the Christian Biblical canon was decided upon, and does not appear in any Greek copies of the Bible at all, nor is it known in Syriac or other versions. Jerome, who wrote the Latin Vulgate translation, wrote in the 4th century, "it is rejected by everyone". However, it evidently gained a certain degree of respect. It appeared in over 100 surviving early Latin copies of the Bible. According to Biblia Sacra iuxta vulgatum versionem, there are Latin Vulgate manuscripts containing this epistle dating between the 6th and 12th century, including Latin manuscripts F (Codex Fuldensis), M, Q, B, D (Ardmachanus), C, and Lambda.
   The apocryphal epistle is generally considered a transparent attempt to supply this supposed lost sacred document. Some scholars suggest that it was created to offset the popularity of the Marcionite epistle [to the Laodiceans].
   —Warning: template has been deprecated.
English-language translations of Epistle to the Laodiceans include:
* Laodicensis, tr. John Wycliffe, 1380s
* The Epistle of St. Paul the Apostle to the Laodiceans, tr. Jeremiah Jones, 18th century
* "Epistle to the Laodiceans" in James, Montague Rhodes (tr.), The Apocryphal New Testament (1924)
* Epistle to the Laodiceans, tr. Wikisource
# Epistle to the Colossians

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Epistle to the Colossians."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Colossians, a book in the Bible
* "Colossians, Epistle to the," in Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)
# Erie Railroad Company v. New York

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
233 U.S. 671
Erie Railroad Company v. New York
Argued: April 24 and 27, 1914. --- Decided: May 25, 1914
Messrs. Frederic D. McKenney and George F. Brownell for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. Wilber W. Chambers, Claude T. Dawes, and Mr. Thomas Carmody, Attorney General of New York, for defendant in error.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 672-675 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice McKenna delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Erie Railroad Company v. Purucker

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
244 U.S. 320
Erie Railroad Company v. Purucker
Argued: April 23, 1917. --- Decided: June 4, 1917
Messrs. C. E. McBride and N. M. Wolfe for plaintiff in error.
Mr. W. S. Kerr for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Day delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Erie Company v. Szary

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
253 U.S. 86
Erie Company v. Szary
Argued: Jan. 8, 1920. --- Decided: May 17, 1920
Messrs. Theodore Kiendl, Jr., of Brooklyn, and William C. Cannon, of New York City, for petitioner.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 86-88 intentionally omitted]
Mr. John C. Robinson, of New York City, for respondent.
Mr. Justice McKENNA delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Erie Railroad Company v. Solomon

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
237 U.S. 427
Erie Railroad Company v. Solomon
Argued: February 24, 1915. --- Decided: May 10, 1915
Messrs. Leroy Manchester and C. D. Hine for plaintiff in error.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 427-429 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Emil J. Anderson for defendant in error.
Mr. Chief Justice White delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Erie Railroad Company v. Erie Western Transportation Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
204 U.S. 220
Erie Railroad Company v. Erie Western Transportation Company
Argued: December 14, 1906. --- Decided: January 14, 1907
Messrs. Charles E. Kremer and W. O. Johnson for petitioner.
[Argument of Counsel from page 221 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. Harvey D. Goulder, Frank S. Masten, and S. H. Holding for respondent.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 222-223 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Equitation/Chapter 31

CHAPTER XXXI
HANDS WITHOUT LEGS: LEGS WITHOUT HANDS
"Hands without legs, legs without hands," is the name applied to a new principle in equitation enunciated by Baucher only a few years before his death. It resulted in a schism among horsemen, and the new ideas were opposed by many masters and esquires.
I have myself experimented with the new methods upon horses of very different qualities. My own conclusion is that the system is practicable only for a very able horseman training an animal of very superior endowments, both physical and mental. I do not regard the scheme as workable for any rider dealing with a horse of inferior conformation, or for an inexperienced rider dealing with any sort of horse.
In other words, with a well-conformed horse, the state of equilibrium is very easy for a practiced rider and very difficult for a novice. With a badly conformed horse, the desired state is difficult for the experienced esquire, and very nearly impossible for the inexperienced, even if they both employ both hands and legs.
It comes about, then, that, whether the horse be well or ill conformed, it has to be trained to the condition of equilibrium by means of both hands and legs. But the horse once trained, though not before, it becomes possible to preserve the state of equilibrium by means of the rider's legs without the cooperation of his hands, or by means of his hands without the cooperation of his legs.
But now arises the question, how does accuracy of seat act upon the center of gravity, which is the immediate sequence of the state of equilibrium? The answer is, that this equilibrium is a unit, and the center of gravity is an element. We obtain this unified condition by the accord of our effects of hands and of legs. But if, when we have obtained this unit condition, we employ more effect of hands or more effect of legs in order to execute a movement, we at once disturb the original unity. Thereupon the equilibrium vacillates between the hands and the legs, and does not remain permanently anywhere.
On the other hand, by means of accuracy of seat, we are able to act upon this unified condition of ​equilibrium without destroying it. I am the first to enunciate this principle of the efficiency of accuracy of seat. I know that I shall be the object of criticism; but I consent to accept this. Beati pauperes spiritu, regnum cœli habent.
# Emilio Aguinaldo's Proclamation of February 5, 1899

Source: Communications Between the Executive Departments of the Government and Aguinaldo, Etc.. Washington. United States Senate. 1900. pp. 105–106.
To the Philippine People:
By my proclamation of yesterday I have published the outbreak of hostilities between the Philippine forces and the American forces of occupation in Manila, unjustly and unexpectedly provoked by the latter.
In my manifest of January 8 last I published the grievances suffered by the Philippine forces at the hands of the army of occupation. The constant outrages and taunts, which have caused the misery of the people of Manila, and, finally, the useless conferences and the contempt shown the Philippine government prove the premeditated transgression of justice and liberty.
I know that war has always produced great losses; I know that the Philippine people have not yet recovered from past losses and are not in the condition to endure others. But I also know by experience how bitter is slavery, and by experience I know that we should sacrifice all on the altar of our honor and of the national integrity so unjustly attacked.
I have tried to avoid, as far as it has been possible for me to do so, armed conflict, in my endeavors to assure our independence by pacific means and to avoid more costly sacrifices. But all my efforts have been useless against the measureless pride of the American Government and of its representatives in these islands, who have treated me as a rebel because I defend the sacred interests of my country and do not make myself an instrument of their dastardly intentions.
Past campaigns will have convinced you that the people are strong when they wish to be so. Without arms we have driven from our beloved country our ancient masters, and without arms we can repulse the foreign invasion as long as we wish to do so. Providence always has means in reserve and prompt help for the weak in order that they may not be annihilated by the strong; that justice may be done and humanity progress.
Be not discouraged. Our independence has been watered by the generous blood of our martyrs. Blood which may be shed in the future will strengthen it. Nature has never despised generous sacrifices.
But remember that in order that our efforts may not be wasted, that our vows may be listened to, that our ends may be gained, it is indispensable that we adjust our actions to the rules of law and of right, learning to triumph over our enemies and to conquer our own evil passions.
EMILIO AGUINALDO, President of the Philippine Republic.
MALOLOS, February 5, 1899.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Emilie Saxlehner v. Edward Wagner

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
216 U.S. 375
Emilie Saxlehner v. Edward Wagner
Argued: January 17, 1910. --- Decided: February 21, 1910
Messrs. Antonio Knauth and John G. Johnson for petitioner.
[Argument of Counsel from Pages 376-377 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Walter F. Murray for respondents.
[Argument of Counsel from Pages 377-378 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Emilio Aguinaldo's First State of the Nation Address

* related portals: State of the Nation Speeches by Philippine Presidents.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
1st President of the Philippines Inagural Session of the Malolos Congress Delivered on September 15, 1898 at the Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan
Gentlemen:
My joy today is so great that i feel like being in Heaven, now that I am witnessing the gathering of the defenders of mother Philippines, my tongue seems lied because of my extreme joy.
However, i will force myself to speak in order to tell you what i feel. I am like one who fell asleep since August 30, 1896 up to now, and dreamed of having seen the delivery, with aid of Heaven, of our suffering Mother from the cruel Spanish domination. I saw the flower then the fruit, which blossomed into Liberty and Freedom.
And you, my dear brothers are here to give effect and testimony to the fruit of our struggle for freedom, by establishing our Congress.
I am deeply grateful to you for coming this Congress, I can say that with the establishment of this Congress, our battle for freedom is at an end. Let all nations take notice that we have an Army, A Congress and a Government, three things needed to replace the Spanish rule in our beloved Philippines. All progressive nations like America, France and England, also availed these three things to attain liberty, wisdom and wealth
There are those patriots only in word, and others who advocate annexation. These kind of men will destroy our nation. I plead for unity. We are all brothers, and we alone can help each other. I call upon the educated, the intelligent, and the wealthy to come forth and cooperate with our Army which so gallantly and heroically fought for our freedom. Come all of you, and hasten the complete independence of the country including Visayas and Mindanao.
Thank you.
This work is in the public domain because it is a work of the Philippine government (see Republic Act No. 8293 Sec. 176).
All official Philippine texts of a legislative, administrative, or judicial nature, or any official translation thereof, are ineligible for copyright.
An additional license tag is required in order to demonstrate why this work is freely licensed or in the public domain in the United States.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1964, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 59 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Emilio Aguinaldo's Proclamation of February 4, 1899

Source: Communications Between the Executive Departments of the Government and Aguinaldo, Etc.. Washington. United States Senate. 1900. pp. 104–105.
Nine o'clock p.m., this date, I received from Caloocan station a message communicated to me that the American forces, without prior notification or any just motive, attacked our camp at San Juan del Monte and our forces garrisoning the blockhouses around the outskirts of Manila, causing losses among our soldiers, who, in view of this unexpected aggression and of the decided attack of the aggressors, were obliged to defend themselves until the firing became general all along the line.
No one can deplore more than I this rupture of hostilities. I have a clear conscience that I have endeavored to avoid it at all costs, using all my efforts to preserve friendship with the army of occupation, even at the cost of not a few humiliations and many sacrificed rights.
But it is my unavoidable duty to maintain the integrity of the national honor and that of the army so unjustly attacked by those who, posing as our friends and liberators, attempted to dominate us in place of the Spaniards, as is shown by the grievances enumerated in my manifest of January 8 last; such as the continued outrages and violent exactions committed against the people of Manila, the useless conferences, and all my frustrated efforts in favor of peace and concord.
Summoned by this unexpected provocation, urged by the duties imposed upon me by honor and patriotism and for the defense of the nation intrusted to me, calling on God as a witness of my good faith and the uprightness of my intentions—
I order and command:
    1. Peace and friendly relations between the Philippine forces and the American forces of occupation are broken, and the latter will be treated as enemies, with the limits prescribed by the laws of war.
    2. American soldiers who may be captured by the Philippine forces will be treated as prisoners of war.
    3. This proclamation shall be communicated to the accredited consuls of Manila, and to congress, in order that it may accord the suspension of the constitutional guaranties and the resulting declaration of war.
Given at Malolos February 4, 1899.
EMILIO AGUINALDO, General in Chief.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Eskimo Folk-Tales (1921)/Nerrivik

​NERRIVIK
A BIRD once wished to marry a woman. He got himself a fine sealskin coat, and having weak eyes, made spectacles out of a walrus tusk, for he was greatly set upon looking as nice as possible. Then he set off, in the shape of a man, and coming to a village, took a wife, and brought her home.
Now he began to go out catching fish, which he called seal, and brought home to his wife.
Once it happened that he lost his spectacles, and his wife, seeing his bad eyes, burst out weeping, because he was so ugly.
But her husband only laughed. "Oho, so you saw my eyes? Hahaha!" And he put on his spectacles again.
Then her brothers, who longed for their sister, came out one day to visit her. And her husband being out hunting, they took her away with them. The husband was greatly distressed when he came home and found her gone, and thinking someone must have carried her off, he set out in pursuit. He swung his wings with mighty force, and raised a violent storm, for he was a great wizard.
When the storm came up, the boat began to take in water, and the wind grew fiercer, as he doubled the beating of his wings. The waves rose white with foam, and the boat was near turning over. And when those in the boat began to suspect that the woman was the cause of the storm, they took her up and cast her into the sea. She tried to grasp the side of the boat, but then her grandfather sprang up and cut off her hand.
And so she was drowned. But at the bottom of the sea, she became Nerrivik, the ruler over all the creatures in the sea. And when men catch no seal, then the wizards go down to Nerrivik. Having but one hand, she cannot comb her hair, and ​this they do for her, and she, by way of thanks, sends seal and other creatures forth to men.
That is the story of the ruler of the sea. And men call her Nerrivik because she gives them food.
# Eskimo Folk-Tales (1921)/Nukúnguasik, who escaped from the Tupilak

​NUKÚNGUASIK, WHO ESCAPED FROM THE TUPILAK
NUKÚNGUASIK, it is said, had land in a place with many brothers. When the brothers made a catch, they gave him meat for the pot; he himself had no wife.
One day he rowed northward in his kayak, and suddenly he took it into his head to row over to a big island which he had never visited before, and now wished to see. He landed, and went up to look at the land, and it was very beautiful there.
And here he came upon the middle one of many brothers, busy with something or other down in a hollow, and whispering all the time. So he crawled stealthily towards him, and when he had come closer, he heard him whispering these words:
"You are to bite Nukúnguasik to death; you are to bite Nukúnguasik to death."
And then it was clear that he was making a Tupilak, and stood there now telling it what to do. But suddenly Nukúnguasik slapped him on the side and said: "But where is this Nukúnguasik?"
And the man was so frightened at this that he fell down dead. And then Nukúnguasik saw that the man had been letting the Tupilak sniff at his body. And the Tupilak was now alive, and lay there sniffing. But Nukúnguasik, being afraid of the Tupilak, went away without trying to harm it.
Now he rowed home, and there the many brothers were waiting in vain for the middle one to return. At last the day dawned, and still he had not come. And daylight came, and then as they were preparing to go out in search of him, the eldest of them said to Nukúnguasik:
"Nukúnguasik, come with us; we must search for him."
And so Nukúnguasik went with them, but as they found nothing, he said:
Making a tupilak. Note the bones of various animals used. The monster is on the point of coming to life.
And having gone on to the island, Nukúnguasik said:
"Now you can go and look on the southern side."
When the brothers reached the place, he heard them cry out, and the eldest said:
"O wretched one! Why did you ever meddle with such a thing as this!"
And they could be heard weeping all together about the dead man.
And now Nukúnguasik went up to them, and there lay the Tupilak, still alive, and nibbling at the body of the dead man. But the brothers buried him there, making a mound of stones above him. And then they went home.
Nukúnguasik lived there as the oldest in the place, and died at last after many years.
Here I end this story: I know no more.
# Eskimo Folk-Tales (1921)/Puagssuaq

​PUAGSSUAQ
There was once a wifeless man who always went out hunting ptarmigan. It became his custom always to go out hunting ptarmigan every day.
And when he was out one day, hunting ptarmigan as was his custom, he came to a place whence he could see out over a rocky valley. And it looked a good place to go. And he went there.
But before he had come to the bottom of the valley, he caught sight of something that looked like a stone. And when he could see quite clearly that it was not a stone at all, he went up to it. He walked and walked, and came to it at last.
Then he looked in, and saw an old couple sitting alone in there. And when he had seen this, he crawled very silently in through the passage way. And having come inside, he looked first a long time at them, and then he gave a little whistle. But nothing happened when he did so, and therefore he whistled a second time. And this time they heard the whistle, and the man nudged his wife and said:
“You, Puagssuaq, you can talk with the spirits. Take counsel with them now.”
When he had said this, the wifeless man whistled again. And at this whistling, the man looked at his wife again and said earnestly:
“Listen! It sounds as if that might be the voice of a shore-dweller; one who catches miserable fish.”
And now the wifeless man saw that the old one’s wife was letting down her hair. And this was because she was now about to ask counsel of the spirits.
And he was now about to look at them again, when he saw that the passage way about him was beginning to close up. And it was already nearly closed up. But then it opened again of itself. Then the wifeless man thought only of coming out again from that place, ​and when the passage way again opened, he slipped out. And then he began running as fast as he could.
For a long time he ran on, with the thought that some one would surely come after him. But at last he came up the hillside, without having been pursued at all.
And when he came home, he told what had happened.
Here ends this story.