OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Trebnitz

From volume 15 of the work.
A former abbey of Cistercian nuns, situated north of Breslau in Silesia. It was founded in 1203 by Duke Henry the Bearded of Silesia and his wife St. Hedwig. The story of its foundation relates that one Duke Henry when out hunting fell into a swamp from which he could not extricate himself. In return for the rescue from this perilous position he vowed to build the abbey. With St. Hedwig's consent, Bishop Ekbert of Bamberg, her brother, chose the first nuns that occupied the convent. The first abbess was Petrussa; she was followed by Gertrude, the daughter of St. Hedwig. Up to 1515 the abbesses were first princesses of the Piast House and afterwards members of the nobility. The abbey was richly endowed with lands by Duke Henry. When Hedwig became a widow she went to live at Trebnitz and was buried there. It is said that towards the end of the thirteenth century the nuns numbered 120. In 1672 there were 32 nuns and 6 lay sisters, in 1805 there were 23 nuns and 6 lay sisters. The abbey suffered from all kinds of misfortunes both in the Middle Ages and in modern times: from famine in 1315, 1338, 1434, and 1617, from disastrous fires in 1413, 1432, 1464, 1486, 1505, 1595, and 1782. At the Reformation most of the nuns were Poles, as were the majority until during the eighteenth century. The Abbey of Trebnitz suffered so greatly during the Thirty Years War that the nuns fled to Poland, as they did again in 1663 when the Turks threatened Silesia. The last abbess, Dominica von Giller, died on 17 August, 1810, and on 11 November, 1810, the abbey was suppressed and secularized. The building, which was very extensive, was sold later and turned into a cloth factory. It is now used as the mother-house of the Trebnitz Sisters of St. Charles Borromeo and as a hospital conducted by the sisters. The church, a basilica with pillars in the late Romanesque style, to which Baroque additions were made, is now the parish church. The grave of St. Hedwig is in the chapel of St. Hedwig to the right of the high altar. The grave of Duke Henry I, her husband, is in front of the altar.
SCHMIDT, Gesch. des Klosterstiftes Trebnitz (Oppein, 1853); Bach., Gesch. und Beschreibung des Klosterstiftes in Trebnitz (Neisse, 1859); JUNGNITZ, Wahrfahrtsbuchlein fur Verehrer der hl. Hedwig (3d ed., Breslau, 1902).
Klemens Löffler.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Tremithus

From volume 15 of the work.
Titular see, suffragan of Salamis in Cyprus. The city is mentioned by Ptolemy (Geog., V, xiii, 6), Hierocles (ed. Buckhardt, 708, 7), George of Cyprus (ed. Gelzer, 1109), and other geographers. Among its bishops were: St. Spyridon, a shepherd and married, present at the council of Nicaea in 325, and whose cult is popular in the East (Anal. bolland., XXVI, 239); St. Arcadius and St. Nestor, venerated 14 Feb. or 7 March; Theopompus, at the Second Ecumenical Council in in 381; Theodore, at the Sixth Ecumenical Council in 681, and who wrote a biography of St. John Chrysostom (P.G., XLVII; 51-88); George, at the Second Council of Nicaea in 787; Spyridon in 1081, when the see was temporarily restored. The usurper Isaac Comnenus was defeated here in 1191 by Richard Coeur de Lion who afterwards took possession of Cyprus. The city was then destroyed and survives only in the Greek village of Trimethusia in the district of Chrysocho.
LE QUIEN, Oriens christ., II, 1069-72; GELZER, Georgii Cyprii Descriptio orbis romani (Leipzig, 1890), 213; HACKETT, A History of the orthodox Church of Cyprus (London, 1901), 322 sqq.
S. VAILHÉ
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Tricca

From volume 15 of the work.
Titular see, suffragan of Larissa in Thessaly. It was an ancient city of Thessaly, near the River Peneius and on the River Lethaeus which devastated it in 1907. It is mentioned in Homer (Iliad, II, 729; IV, 202) as the Kingdom of Machaon and Podaleirius, sons of AEsculapius and physicians of the Greek army. It possessed the oldest known temple of AEsculapius, which was discovered in 1902, with a hospital for pilgrims. Tricca is mentioned by other writers, but not in connection with important events. It was a suffragan of Larissa at an early date and remained so until 1882 when this portion of Thessaly was annexed to the Kingdom of Greece, Since then the see, which bears the names of Triccala and Stagoi, is dependent on the Holy Synod of Athena. Socrates (V 22), Sozomenes (V 12), and Nicephorus Callistus (XII, 34) say that Heliodorus, probably the same as the author of the romance of the Ethiopian women or of Theagenes and Charicles (third century), became Bishop of Tricca. Another bishop, to whom have been wrongly attributed commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles, the Epistle of St. Paul and the Catholic Epistles (for the works published in his name are not his), lived at the end of the sixth century. He was an Origenist and Monophysite who wrote a commentary on the Apocalypse (Petrides "OEcumenius de Tricca, ses oeuvres et son culte" in "Echos d'Orient", VI, 307-10; Le Quien, "Oriens christ.", I, 117-20). Some Latin titular bishops in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are also known (Eubel, "Hierarchia catholica medii aevi," II, 280; III, 338). Tricca, now Triccala, is the capital of the nome of the same name and has 28,000 inhabitants: Greeks, Turks, and Jews.
S. VAILHÉ
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Triduum

From volume 15 of the work.
(Three days).
A time frequently chosen for prayer or for other devout practices, whether by individuals in private, or in public by congregations or special organizations in parishes, in religious communities, seminaries, or schools. The form of prayer or devotion depends upon the occasion or purpose of the triduum. The three days usually precede some feast, and the feast then determines the choice of the pious execises. In liturgical usage there is a triduum of ceremonies and prayers in Holy Week; the Rogation Days (q.v.); the three days of litanies prior to the feast of the Ascension, and the feasts of Easter and Pentecost, with the first two days of their octaves. There is ecclesiastical authorization for a triduum in honour of the Holy Trinity, of the Holy Eucharist, and of St. Joseph. The first of these, instituted Pius IX, 8 August, 1847, may be made at any time of the year in public or private, and partial or plenary indulgences are attached to it on the usual conditions. The second, also indulgenced, was instituted by Pius X, 10 April, 1907, for the purpose of promoting frequent Communion. The time for it is Friday, Saturday, and Sunday after the feast of Corpus Christi, though the bishops may designate any other more convenient time of the year. Each day there should be a sermon on the Holy Eucharist and Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, and on Sunday, there should be besides a sermon on the Gospel and on the Holy Eucharist, at the parochial Mass. This triduum is specially for cathedral churches, though the bishops may also require other churches to have it. The prayer, "O Most Sweet Jesus" (Dulcissime Jesu), as given in the "Raccolta", is appointed for reading during Benediction. The triduum in honor of St. Joseph, prior to his feast on 19 March, was recommended by Leo XIII in the Encyclical "Quamprimum pluries" (15 August, 1889), with the prayer, "To thee, O blessed Joseph." The most frequent occasions for a triduum are: when children are in preparation for their first Communion; among pupils in school at the beginning of the scholastic year; among seminarians at the same time; and in religious communities for those who are to renew their vows yearly or every six months. The exercises of these triduums are mainly meditations or instructions disposing the hearers to a devout reception of the sacraments of penance and of Holy Communion and to betterment of life.
ST. JOHN, The Raccolta (6th ed., London, 1912); BERINGER, Die Ablasse, ihr Wesen u. Gebrauch (Paderborn, 1900, tr., Fr., Paris, 1905).
JOHN J. WYNNE
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Triple-Candle-stick

From volume 15 of the work.
A name given along with several others (e.g. reed, tricereo, arundo, triangulum, lumen Christi) to a church ornament used only in the office of Holy Saturday. The three candles of which it is composed are successively lighted, as the sacred ministers proceed up the church, from the fire consecrated in the porch, and at each lighting the deacon sings the acclamation "Lumen Christi", the assistants genuflecting and answering "Deo gratias". As this ceremony is fully discussed under the heading LUMEN CHRISTI (and cf. ) it will be sufficient to say a word here about the material instrument used for the purpose. Both the rubrics of the Missal and the "Caeremoniale Episcoporum" seem to assume that the so-called triple candlestick is not a permanent piece of furniture, but merely an arrangement of three candles temporarily attached to a reed or wand, such a reed for example as is used by the acolytes to light the candles with. "Praeparetur arundo cum tribus candelis in summitate positis" (Caer. Epis., II, xxvii, I). In practice, however, we often find a brass candlestick constructed for the purpose with a long handle. Barbier de Montault (Traité pratique, ete.,II,311) infers from the wording of the Missal rubric (arundo cum tribus candelis in summitate illius triangulo distinctis) that one of the three candles should stand higher than the other, so that the three flames may form a triangle in the vertical plane. A triple and double candlestick are used by bishops of the Greek Church to bless the people with, and an elaborate symbolism is attached to this rite.
THURSTON, Lent and Holy Week (London, 1904).
HERBERT THURSTON
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/9Ann

* ↑ c. 4., private, Ruff.
* ↑ c. 10., Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 11, 12, Ruff.
* ↑ c. 7., private, Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 21, 23., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 19., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 20., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 24., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 25., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 26., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 27., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 28., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 29., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 30., Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 8, 9., private, Ruff.
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/Anne

* ↑ 1 Ann. St. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 7., Ruff
* ↑ c. 8., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 9., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 10., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 11., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 12., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 19, 20.,Ruff.
* ↑ c. 21., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 22., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 23., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 24., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 25., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 26., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 27, 28., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 29., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 30., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 31. Ruff.
* ↑ c. 32., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 11., private, Ruff.
* ↑ c. 23., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 24., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 21., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 22., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 19., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 20., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18. ,Ruff.
* ↑ c. 19., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 12., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 20., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 9., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 10., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 11., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 12., private., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 5., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 6., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 7., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 8., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 9., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 10., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 11., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 12., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 3, 4., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 1., private, Ruff.
* ↑ 4 Ann., Ruff
* ↑ c. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 19., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 20., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 21., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 22., Ruff
* ↑ c. 23., Ruff
* ↑ c. 24., Ruff
* ↑ c. 25., Ruff
* ↑ c. 26., Ruff
* ↑ c. 1., Ruff
* ↑ c. 3., Ruff
* ↑ c. 4., Ruff
* ↑ cc. 5, 6., Ruff
* ↑ c. 7., Ruff
* ↑ c. 8., Ruff
* ↑ c. 10., Ruff
* ↑ c. 11., Ruff
* ↑ c. 12., Ruff
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff
* ↑ c. 9., Ruff
* ↑ To c.34. inclusive, 5 Ann., Ruff
* ↑ c. 2 is c. 19., Ruff
* ↑ c. 20., Ruff
* ↑ c. 21., Ruff
* ↑ c. 2., Ruff
* ↑ c. 3,4., Ruff
* ↑ c. 5., Ruff
* ↑ c. 6., Ruff
* ↑ c. 7., Ruff
* ↑ c. 8., Ruff
* ↑ c. 9., Ruff
* ↑ cc. 10-12., Ruff
* ↑ c. 14., Ruff
* ↑ c. 15., Ruff
* ↑ c. 16., Ruff
* ↑ c. 17., Ruff
* ↑ c. 18, Ruff
* ↑ c. 13., Ruff
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/Cha1

* ↑ This precedes c. 1.
* ↑ c. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 3., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 4., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 5., Ruff.
* ↑ cc. 6, 7., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 1., private, Ruff.
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/Cha2

* ↑ 13 & 14., Ruff
* ↑ To. c.5 inclusive 18 Cha. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 3., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 4., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 5.,Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 6.,Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 7., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 8., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 9., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 10., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 11., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 12., Ruff.
* ↑ 19 Cha. 2. c. 13., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha. 2. c. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha. 2. c. 3., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha. 2. c. 4., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha.2. c. 5., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha.2. c. 6., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha. 2. c. 7., Ruff.
* ↑ 20 Cha. 2. c. 8., Ruff.
* ↑ c. 15., private, Ruff.
* ↑ c. 18., private. Ruff.
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/Edw1

* ↑ In Ruff. placed among the Statutes of uncertain date.
* ↑ From "Cum prelats."
* ↑ This chapter in Ruff. includes the last par. of this Statute.
* ↑ St. 2.,Ruff
* ↑ 10 Edw. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ 13 Edw. 1. Stat. 4. and Art. agst. King's Prohib. Stat. temp, incert.. Ruff.
* ↑ 18 Edw. 1. St .1. Quia Emptores Terr., Ruff.
* ↑ 24 Edw. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ In Ruff. placed among the Statutes of uncertain date.
* ↑ 34 Edw. 1. St. 3., Ruff.
* ↑ In Ruff. placed among the Statutes of uncertain date.
* ↑ 1 Edw. 2. St. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ 9 Hen 3., Ruff.
* ↑ 9 Hen. 3., Ruff.
* ↑ St. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ Not in Ruff.
* ↑ 34 Edw. 1. St. 4., Ruff.
* ↑ St. 2., Ruff.
* ↑ St. 2.,Ruff
* ↑ St. 1., Ruff.
# Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes/Chronological Table/Edw2

* ↑ Not in Ruff
* ↑ 3 Edw. 3., Ruff
* ↑ 7 Edw. 1. St. 1.,Ruff
* ↑ This chapter in Ruff. includes the last part of this Statute
* ↑ 3 Edw 2., Ruff.
* ↑ 16 Edw. 2., Stat. revoking an establishment, &c., Ruff.
* ↑ 17 Edw. 1., Ruff.
* ↑ St. 3., Ruff.
# Chinese Fables and Folk Stories/The Melon and the Professor

THE MELON AND THE PROFESSOR
學由瓜得
Wu-Kiao was a professor in a large Chinese university, and a very proud and learned man. Hundreds of students were under his teaching, and many thousands honored him. When he went out of his house, five people followed, singing and playing the drum all the ​way down the street, and eight men carried his chair. At home he had six servants about him. During each meal, thirty dishes were served at his table.
The professor was a great man. Through his wisdom and out of his deep knowledge, he explained all questions to the people.
One day Wu-Kiao sat in the shade of a tree in his garden. He turned his head and saw a watermelon lying on the ground, nearly covered with its green leaves. Then, seeing the fig tree with many figs on it, he said, "I think the Creator should have made the melon grow on this tree."
He touched the tree and said, "How strong you are; you could bear larger fruit like the watermelon." And he said to the vine, "You, so thin and small, should bear small fruit like the fig. Things are not well ordered. Mistakes are made in creation." Just then a fig dropped from the tree on his nose, and he was a little bruised.
Then he said, "I was wrong. If the fig tree bore fruit as large as the watermelon and dropped it on my nose, I think I should be killed. It would be a dangerous tree to all people. I must study more carefully. I know many things and many people; and if I study and think more deeply, it may be I shall come to know that the Creator's works are perfect."
# Chinese Fables and Folk Stories/The Man who loved Money better than Life

THE MAN WHO LOVED MONEY BETTER THAN LIFE
愛財勝於愛命
In ancient times there was an old woodcutter who went to the mountain almost every day to cut wood.
It was said that this old man was a miser who hoarded ​his silver until it changed to gold, and that he cared more for gold than anything else in all the world.
One day a wilderness tiger sprang at him and though he ran he could not escape, and the tiger carried him off in its mouth.
The woodcutter's son saw his father's danger, and ran to save him if possible. He carried a long knife, and as he could run faster than the tiger, who had a man to carry, he soon overtook them.
His father was not much hurt, for the tiger held him by his clothes. When the old woodcutter saw his son about to stab the tiger he called out in great alarm:
"Do not spoil the tiger's skin! Do not spoil the tiger's skin! If you can kill him without cutting holes in his skin we can get many pieces of silver for it. Kill him, but do not cut his body."
While the son was listening to his father's instructions the tiger suddenly dashed off into the forest, carrying the old man where the son could not reach him, and he was soon killed.
And the wise man who told this story said, "Ah, this old man's courage was foolishness. His love for money was stronger than his love for life itself."
# Chinese Fables and Folk Stories/The Proud Fox and the Crab

THE PROUD FOX AND THE CRAB
傲狐辱蟹
One day a fox said to a crab, "Crawling thing, did you ever run in all your life?"
"Yes," said the crab, "I run very often from the mud to the grass and back to the river."
"Oh, shame," said the fox, "that is no distance to run. How many feet and legs have you? I have only ​four. Why, if I had as many feet as you have, I would run at least six times as fast as you do. Did you know that you are really a very slow, stupid creature? Though I have only four feet I run ten times as far as you do. I never heard of any one with so many feet as you have, running so slowly."
The crab said, "Would you like to run a race with a stupid creature like me? I will try to run as fast as you. I know I am small, so suppose we go to the scales and see how much heavier you are. As you are ten times larger than I, of course you will have to run ten times faster.
"Another reason why you can run so fast is because you have such a fine tail and hold it so high. If you would allow me to put it down, I do not think you could run any faster than I."
"Oh, very well," said the fox, contemptuously, "do as you like, and still the race will be so easy for me that I will not even need to try. Your many legs and your stupid head do not go very well together. Now, if I had my sense and all of your legs, no creature in the forest could outrun me. As it is, there are none that can outwit me. I am known as the sharp-witted. Even man says, 'Qui-kwat-wui-lai' (sly as a fox). So do what you will, stupid one."
"If you will let me tie your beautiful tail down so ​it will stay," said the crab, "I am sure I can win the race."
"Oh, no, you can not," said the fox. "But I will prove to even your stupid, slow brain that it will make no difference. Now, how do you wish that I should hold my tail?"
Said the crab, "If you will allow me to hang something on your tail to hold it down, I am sure you can not run faster than I."
"Do as you like," said the fox.
"Allow me to come nearer," said the crab, "and when I have it fastened to your tail, I will say 'Ready!' Then you are to start."
So the crab crawled behind and caught the fox's tail with his pincers and said, "Ready!" The fox ran and ran until he was tired. And when he stopped, there was the crab beside him.
"Where are you now?" said the crab. "I thought you were to run ten times faster than I. You are not even ahead of me with all your boasting."
The fox, panting for breath, hung his head in shame and went away where he might never see the crab again.
Ee-Sze (Meaning): A big, proud, boastful mouth is a worse thing for a man than it is for a fox.
# Citizens Against Burlington, Inc. v. Busey

* related portals: United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
* Court Documents
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurrence/Dissent Buckley
* 938 F.2d 190
* Citizens Against Burlington, Inc., et al., Petitioners
* v.
* James B. Busey IV, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, Respondent, Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority and Burlington Air Express, Inc., Intervenors
* No. 90-1373
* United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit.
* November 1, 1990, Argued
* June 14, 1991, Decided
Petition for Review of an Order of the Federal Aviation Administration.
Bruce J. Terris, with whom James M. Hecker was on the brief, for Petitioners.
David C. Shilton, Attorney, Department of Justice, for Respondent. With him on the brief were Barry M. Hartman, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Peter R. Steenland, Attorney, Department of Justice, and Gregory S. Walden, Chief Counsel, Federal Aviation Administration.
Jim J. Marquez, with whom Teresa L. Grigsby, for Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority, and John W. Simpson, for Burlington Air Express, Inc., were on the joint brief, for Intervenors. Stephen H. Lachter also entered an appearance for Intervenors.
Buckley, Williams, and Clarence Thomas, Circuit Judges. Opinion for the Court filed by Circuit Judge Clarence Thomas. Opinion dissenting in part filed by Circuit Judge Buckley.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Citizens National Bank of Roswell New Mexico v. Davisson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
229 U.S. 212
Citizens National Bank of Roswell New Mexico v. Davisson
Argued: December 4, 1912. --- Decided: May 26, 1913
Messrs. William C. Reid and James M. Hervey for appellants.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 213-215 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. W. A. Dunn, Ed. S. Gibbany, and G. A. Richardson for appellees.
Mr. Justice Pitney delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Citizens Against Refinery's Effects, Inc. v. United States EPA

* related portals: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
* Court Documents
* Opinion of the Court
* 643 F.2d 183
* Citizens Against the Refinery's Effects, Inc., and Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Inc., Petitioners
* v.
* United States Environmental Protection Agency, Respondent; Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board, Intervenor; Hampton Roads Energy Co., Intervenor.
* No. 80-1223
* United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
* January 6, 1981, Argued
* March 5, 1981, Decided
On Petition for Review of Decision of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
Bruce J. Terris, Washington, D. C. (James M. Hecker, Philip G. Sunderland, Washington, D. C., Karen H. Edgecombe, Patrick M. McSweeney, McSweeney, Stutts & Burtch, Richmond, Va., on brief), for petitioners.
Elizabeth Stein, Pollution Control Section, Dept. of Justice, Washington, D. C. (Raymond W. Mushal, Pollution Control Section, Dept. of Justice, Angus Macbeth, Deputy Asst. Atty. Gen., Land and Natural Resources Division, Charlotte Uram, Acting Chief, Pollution Control Section, Michele B. Corash, Gen. Counsel, Mitchell H. Bernstein, John D. Cooper, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C., on brief), for respondent.
Roger L. Chaffe, Asst. Atty. Gen., Richmond, Va. (Marshall Coleman, Atty. Gen. of Virginia, Richmond, Va., on brief), for intervenor Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board.
Gerald L. Baliles, John A. Gibney, Bell, Lacy & Baliles, Richmond, Va., Brent N. Rushforth, Albert H. Turkus, John P. Schnitker, Dow, Lohnes & Albertson, Washington, D. C., on brief, for intervenor Hampton Roads Energy Co.
Before HALL, PHILLIPS and SPROUSE, Circuit Judges.