OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Cicero (Tullii)

​Ci´cero, the name of a family of the Tullii. The Tullii Cicerones had from time immemorial been settled at Arpinum, which received the full franchise in b. c. 188; but they never aspired to any political distinction until the stock was raised by the great orator from that obscurity into which it quickly relapsed after his death. His genealogy, so far as it can be traced, is repre­sented in the following table.
| | | | | | | 1. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Gratidia. | 1. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Gratidia. | | |
| | | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | 2. M. Tullius Cicero. Married Helvia | | | | | | | | | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. | 3. L. Tullius Cicero. |
| 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | | | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | | | | | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. |
| 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | 5. M. Tullius Cicero, the orator. | | | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | 6. Q. Tullius Cicero. Married Pomponia. | | | | | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | 4. L. Tullius Cicero. | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | Married. 1. Terentia. 2. Publilia | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a | a | a | a | a | a | | | | | | | b | b | b | b | b | b |
| a | a | a | a | a | a | | | | | | | | | b | b | b | b | b | b |
| Tullia. | Tullia. | Tullia. | Tullia. | Tullia. | Tullia. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | 7. M. Tullius Cicero. | | | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. | 8. Q. Tullius Cicero. |
| Married, 1. C. Piso Frugi. 2. Furius Crassipes. 3. P. Cornelius Dolabella. ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | Lentulus. | Lentulus. | Lentulus. | Lentulus. | Lentulus. | Lentulus. |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Chelidonis

CHELI'DONIS（Χελιδονίς), a Spartan woman of great beauty and royal blood, daughter of Leotychides. She married Cleonymus, who was much older than herself, and to whom she proved unfaithful in consequence of a passion for Acrotatus, son of Areus I. It was partly on account of this injury that Cleonymus, offended also by his exclusion from the throne, invited Pyrrhus to attempt the conquest of Sparta in B. C. 272. Chelidonis, alarmed for the result, was prepared to put an end to her own life rather than fall into her husband's hands; but Pyrrhus was beaten off from the city, chiefly through the valour of Acrotatus. If we may trust the account of Plutarch, the Spartans generally of both sexes exhibited more sympathy with the lovers than indignation at their guilt, - a proof of the corruption of manners, which Phylarchus (ap. Athen. iv. p. 142, b.) ascribes principally to Acrotatus and his father. (Plut. Pyrrh. 26-28.) [E. E.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Chryses (mythology) 3.

p. 699
Chryses (Χρύσης). 3. A son of Minos and the nymph Pareia. He lived with his three brothers in the island of Paros, and having murdered two of the companions of Heracles, they were all put to death by the latter. (Apollod. ii. 5. § 9, iii. 1. § 2.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Chryses (mythology) 4.

p. 700
Chryses (Χρύσης). 4. A son of Poseidon and Chrysogeneia, and father of Minyas. (Paus. ix. 36. § 3.) [L. S.]
# Conway v. Allen/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
304 U.S. 558
Conway v. Allen
On petition for writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of the State of Washington.
The motion for leave to proceed herein in forma pauperis is denied for the reason that the Court, upon examination of the papers herein submitted, finds no grounds upon which writ of certiorari should be issued. The petition for writ of certiorari is therefore also denied.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Conway v. Allen

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
304 U.S. 558
Conway v. Allen
Mr. Tom Conway, pro se, for petitioner.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Conway v. California Adult Authority

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
396 U.S. 107
Conway v. California Adult Authority
Argued: Nov. 12, 1969. --- Decided: Dec 8, 1969
See 396 U.S. 1030, 90 S.Ct. 544.
Charles S. Ralston, San Francisco, Cal., for petitioner.
Arlo E. Smith, San Francisco, Cal., for respondents.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Conway v. O'Brien

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
312 U.S. 492
Conway v. O'Brien
Argued: Feb. 4, 5, 1941. --- Decided: March 3, 1941
Messrs. Paul E. Lesh, of Washington, D.C., and Herbert G. Barber, of Brattleboro, Vt., for petitioner.
Mr. Edwin W. Lawrence, of Rutland, Vt., for respondent.
Mr. Justice REED delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennia Etruscilla

​HERENNIA ETRUSCILLA. [EtrusCILLA.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennia Gens

​HEREN′NIA GENS, originally Samnite (Liv. ix. 3; Appian, Samnit. 4. § 3), and by the Sam- nite invasion established in Campania (Liv. iv, 37, vii. 38, xxxix. 13), became at a later period a plebeian house at Rome. (Cic. Brut 45, ad Att. i. 18, 19; Sail. Hist. ii. ap. Cell. x. 20; Liv. xxiii. 43.) The Herennii were a family of rank in Italy. They were the hereditary patrons of the Marii. (Plut. Mar. 5.) Herennius was a leading senator of Nola in Campania (Liv. xxiii. 43); and M. Herennius was decurio of Pompeii about b. c. 63. (Plin. H. N. ii. 51.) From a coin (see be- low), from the cognomen Siculus (Val. Max. ix. 12. § 6), and the settlement of an Herennius at Leptis as a merchant (Cic. in Verr. i. 5, v. 5d one branch at least of the family seems to have been engaged in commerce (Macrob. Sat. iii. 6; Serv. ad Aen, viii. 363), especially in the Sicilian and African trade, and in the purchase and ex- portation of the silphium — ferula Tingitana — ( Sprengel, i?ei Herhar. p. 84), from Cyrene. (Plin. H. N. xix. 3.) The Herennii appear for the first time in the Fasti, b. c. 93. Under the empire they held various provincial and military offices (Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 16; Tac. Hist. iv. 19; Dion Cass. Ixvii. 13; Plin. Ep. vii. 33); and the wife of the Emperor Decius (a. d. 249) was Herennia Etruscilla. [Etruscilla; Etruscus.] The cog- nomens which occur under the republic are Bal- Bus, Bassus, Cerrinius, Pontius, and Siculus. •As the surnames of Balbus, Bassus, and Cerrinius, have been omitted under these names, they are placed under the gentile name.
For the cognomens under the empire, see the alphabetical list on p. 408.
In the Herennian, as in other families of Sabel- lian origin, a peculiarity in the system of names is to be noted. To the family or paternal name was added that of the mother or wife. Thus the son of Cerrinius and Minia Paculla (Liv. xxxix. 13) is Minius Cerrinius, who, by marriage with an He- rennia, becomes Herennius Cerrinius. The son ​of the emperor Decius and Herennia Etruscilla was styled Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius. There was both assumption and deposition of names in this system. Thus Minius Cerrinius dropped the former of his appellations when he took that of Herennius. (Comp. Göttling, Staatsverfassung der Röm. p. 5, &c.) [W. B. D.]
COIN OF HERENNIA GENS.
The preceding coin, which represents on the obverse a female head, with the legend PIETAS, and on the reverse a son carrying his father in his arms, has reference to the celebrated act of filial affection of two brothers of Catana, who carried off their aged parents in the midst of an eruption of Mount Aetna. (Comp. Claudian, Idyll. 7 ; Eckhel, vol. i. p. 203, vol. v. p. 224.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herdonius, Turnus

​HERDO′NIUS, TURNUS, of Aricia in La- tium, having inveighed against the arrogance of Tarquin the Proud, and warned his countrymen against putting trust in him, Tarquin accused him of plotting his death. Witnesses were sub- orned, and weapons were conveyed by treacherous slaves into the house where Herdonius lodged. His guilt was therefore inferred, and Herdonius was condemned by the great assembly of the La- tins, and drowned in the Aqua Ferentina. (Liv. i. 50, 51; Dionys. iv. 45—48.) The latter his- torian relates the story with some differences, and makes Herdonius a native of Corioli. [W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennius 1.

​HERE'NNIUS. 1. C. Herennius, was, according to some annalists, one of three commissioners for assigning lands to the Latin colony at Placentia, in b. c. 218. An insurrection of the Boian Gauls compelled Herennius and his colleagues to take refuge in Mutina. (Liv. xxi. 25.) According to Polybius (iii. 40), the commissioners fell into the hands of the insurgents.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennius 12.

​12. L. Herennius, a friend of Cicero, who seconded L. Atratinus [Atratinus, No. 7] in his accusation of M. Caelius Rufus, b. c. 56. (Cic. pro Cael. 11.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hercyna

​HERCYNA ("EpKum), a divinity of the lower world, respecting whom the following tradition is related. She was a daughter of Trophonius, and once while she was playing with Cora, the daughter of Demeter in the grove of Trophonius, near Leba- deia in Boeotia, she let a goose fly away, which she carried in her hand. The bird flew into a cave, and concealed itself under a block of stone. When Cora pulled the bird forth from its hiding place, a well gushed forth from under the stone, which was called Hercyna. On the bank of the rivulet a temple was afterwards erected, with the statue of a maiden carrying a goose in her hand; and in the cave there were two statues with staves surrounded by serpents, Trophonius and Hercyna, resembling the statues of Asclepius and Hygeia. (Pans. ix. 39. § 2.) Hercyna founded the worship of Deme- ter at Lebadeia, who hence received the surname of Hercyna. (Lycoph. 153, with the note of Tzetzes.) Hercyna was worshipped at Lebadeia in common with Zeus, and sacrifices were offered to both in common. (Li v. xlv. 27.) [L. S.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennius 11.

​11. C. Herennius, son of Sext. Herennius (Cic. ad Att. i. 18), was tribune of the plebs in b. c. 59, when he zealously seconded P. Clodius [Claudius, No. 40] in his efforts to pass by adoption into a plebeian family. [Fonteius, No. 6.] (Cic. ad Att. i. 18, 19.)
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herdonius, Appius

​HERDO′NIUS, AP′PIUS, a Sabine chieftain, who, in B. c. 460, during the disturbances that preceded the Terentilian law at Rome, with a band of outlaws and slaves, made himself master of the capitol. The enterprise was so well planned and conducted, that the first intimation of it to the people of Rome was the war-shout and ti^umpets of the invaders from the summit of the capitoline hill. Herdonius was most probably in league with a section of the patrician party, and especially with the Fabian house, one of whose members, Kaeso Fabius, had recently been exiled for his violence in the comitia. Without some connivance within the city, the exploit of Herdonius seems incredible. At the head of at least 4000 men (Liv. iii. 15; Dionys. x. 14), he dropped down the Tiber, passed unbailed under the walls of Rome, and through the Carmental gate, which, although from a religious feeling (Liv. ii. 49; Ov. Fasti, ii. 201), it was always open, was certainly not usually unguarded, and ascended the clivus capitolinus by a peopled street, the vicus jugalis. Herdonius proclaimed freedom to slaves who should join him, abolition of debts, and defence of the plebs from their oppres- sors. But his offers attracted neither bond nor free man, and his demand that the exiles should be re- called was equally disregarded. His success indeed was confined to the capture of the citadel. On the fourth day from his entry the capitol was re-taken, and Herdonius and nearly all his followers were slain, after a desperate and protracted resistance. (Liv. iii. 15—19; Dionys. x. 14—17.) The ex- ploit of Herdonius, although much misrepresented by both Livy and Dionysius, and probably by the annalists whom they consulted, throws considerable light on the political history of Rome in the first century of the republic. It is amply narrated by Niebuhr {Hist, of Rome, vol. ii. pp. 293—296), and analysed by Arnold {Hist, of Rome, vol. i. c. xi. note 11.) [W. B. D.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Hereas

​HE′REAS ('Hpeas), an historical writer, a na- tive of Megara, quoted by Plutarch {Thes. 20, 32, Sol. 10.) [C.P. M.]
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Herennius 10.

​10. M. Herennius, decurio of Pompeii, about b. c. 63. Shortly before the conspiracy of Catiline, Herennius was killed by lightning from a cloudless sky. This was accounted a prodigy in augural law, and the death of Herennius was reckoned among the portents which announced the danger of Rome from treason. (Plin. H. N. ii. 51.)
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Burnell, Edward

​BURNELL, EDWARD (fl. 1542), professor of Greek at Rostock, published in 1542 an ‘Epitome of Dialectics’ written in Latin for the use of the Rostock students. He also wrote some commendatory verses prefixed to the ‘Πτωχομυσεῖον, or Poore Man's Librarie of William Alley, bishop of Exeter,’ 1565. Burnell probably had left Rostock before 1560, as his name is not mentioned in the ‘Scripta in Academia Rostochiensi publice proposita,’ 1560–7. An Edward Burnel was one of the six preachers of Canterbury Cathedral in 1560. He was probably the same as the preacher ‘Thomas Burnel’ in 1556, and may have been the Rostock professor.
[Tanner's Bibl. Brit. 143; Alley's Πτωχομυσεῖον; Strype's Memorials, iii. i. 478; Life of Abp. Parker, i. 144.]
W. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Burnaby, Charles

William Burnaby in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Burnaby, Andrew

​BURNABY, ANDREW (1734?–1812), divine and traveller, was the eldest son of the Rev. Andrew Burnaby of Brampton Manor House, Huntingdonshire, by Hannah, daughter of George Beaumont of Darton, Yorkshire. His father was vicar of St. Margaret’s, Leicester, rector of Asfordby (where his eldest son was born), and a prebendary of Lincoln (16 Sept. 1737). Andrew was admitted into Westminster School in 1748, at the age of fourteen, and proceeded thence to Queens College, Cambridge, where he took the degrees of B.A. (1754) and M.A. (1767). In 1759 and 1760 Burnaby made an extended tour ‘through the middle settlements of North America,’ and afterwards (1775) published an account of his travels, with ‘Observations on the State of the Co1onies,’ which reached a second edition within a year of its first publication, and was reissued a third time in a much enlarged form in 1798. Burnaby's work indicates close observation, but he omits all reference to current politics. About 1762 Burnaby became chaplain to the British factory at Leghorn, and in the absence of Sir John Dick, the English consul, from 1764 discharged the functions of the consulate, with the title of proconsul. He resigned the st about 1767. During the five years of lift sojourn in Italy he explored all parts of the country, and in 1766 travelled in Corsica, and made the acquaintance of Paoli. He published in a very limited edition, dated 1804, an account of the tour, together with the letters that Paoli addressed to him between 1769 and 1802. In 1769, soon after his return from Leghorn, Burnaby was nominated to the vicarage of Greenwich, and in 1786 he was presented to the archdeaconry of Leicester, in the Lincoln diocese. He succeeded to large paternal estates in Huntingdunshire on his father’s death, about 1767; but Baggrave Hall, Leicestershire, the inheritance of his wife Anna, daughter of John Edwyn, whom he married 20 Feb. 1770, was his favourite place of residence. He died at Blackheath 9 March 1812, and his wife died ten days later. Arthur Collins describes him as ‘a person of address and affable behaviour’ (Nichols, Lit. Anecd. viii. 394). He had four sons and one daughter. The third son of his heir, Edwyn Andrew Burnaby, was the father of Frederick Gustavus Burnaby [q. v.] Burnaby was the author of many published sermons and charges. A collective edition was issued in 1805.
[Burke’s Landed Gentry, s.v. ‘Burnaby of Baggrave Hall;’ Nichols’s Lit. Anecd. ix. 675-80; Gent. Mag., 1812, pt, i. 301-2; Welch's Alumni Westmonast. p. 348.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Burne, Nicol

​BURNE or BOURN, NICOL (fl. 1581), controversialist, published in 1581, at Paris, a volume which supplies the main particulars of his life which are now known. This work is entitled ‘The Dispvtation concerning the Controversit Headdis of Religion, haldin in the Realme of Scotland, the yeir of God ane thousand fyue hundreth four scoir yeiris, betuix the pretendit ministers of the deformed kirk in Scotland and Nicol Burne, Professor of Philosophie in S. Leonardis College, in the citie of Sanctandrois, brocht up from his tender eage in the peruersit sect of the Calvinistis and nou, be ane special grace of God, ane member of the halie catholic kirk, Dedicat to his Souerane the Kingis M. of Scotland, King James the Saxt.’ There is a copy of the book in the British Museum, and a copy was sold at the Rev. Fuller Russell's sale on 20 June 1885 for 25l. In the epistle to the reader Burne states that he was brought up from his youth in the Calvinistic doctrines, and followed them with equal affection and zeal until ‘the time it pleased God through reiding of sum catholik orytharis to illuminate my hairt.’ He declared to ‘a minister called Smeton, in Paisley,’ his desire to defend the catholic doctrines before the general assembly of Scotland, expressing his willingness to suffer punishment unless he performed that which he ‘had tane in hand;’ but Smeton, after admitting the reasonableness of his proposal, proceeded, without any warning, to excommunicate him, upon which he was apprehended and confined in the castle of St. Andrews, whence he was conveyed to the Tolbooth, Edinburgh. Here he remained from 15 Oct. 1580 till the last day of the ensuing January. He complains of his treatment in the Tolbooth, and especially of the removal of a purse which he had hung out of the window to obtain alms. The register of the privy council of Scotland contains an entry on 29 Jan. of a ‘caution in 500l. by Andrew Burne, in Leith, for Mr. Nicoll Burne, that he shall, within a month hence, depart this realm, and in the mean time do nothing in prejudice of the present religioun presenthe professit,’ George Burne in Gogar, brother of Nicol, being cautioner in relief. The work of Burne repeats some outrageous calumnies against Knox, and also against the foreign reformers, the assertion being even gravely made that Luther was begotten of the devil as to his carnal as well as to his spiritual generation.
[Work as above; Register of the Privy Council of Scotland, iii. 328, 355; Tanner's Bibl. Brit.]
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Burne, Robert

​BURNE, ROBERT (1755?–1825), general, entered the army as an ensign in the 36th regiment in 1773, and remained with that regiment until 1811. In 1783 he went to India with the regiment. In 1784 he was promoted captain, and commanded the grenadiers of the 36th regiment throughout the campaigns of 1784-6 against Tippoo Sultan. He served at Sattimungulum, at Showera, and was present at the capture of Bangalore, the storming of the hill fortress of Nundydroog, and the siege of Seringapatam. In 1793 he was conspicuous at the siege of Pondicherry, and was promoted brevet-major in consequence on 1 March 1794, and in 1796 he purchased a majority in the regiment. In 1798 he was promoted lieutenant-colonel by brevet, and the same year the officers and headquarters of the regiment returned to England. On reaching England in 1799 he became lieutenant-colonel of the 36th. In 1800 he accompanied the regiment to Minorca, and went on leave for his health in 1801, the first occasion for twenty-eight years on which he had left his regiment. In 1802 he rejoined it in Ireland, served in the expedition to Hanover in 1805, and in the attack on Buenos Ayres on 5 July 1807, where his services so impressed his brother officers that he was presented by them with a sword of honour and 120 guineas. In April 1808 he was promoted colonel, and in July accompanied Sir Arthur Wellesley to Portugal. Burne, after doing good service at Roliça, received special notice in Wellesley's report to Sir Harry Burrard on the battle of Vimeiro (Wellington Despatches, iii. 92). Sir Arthur also wrote to Lord Castlereagh: ‘You will see in ​my despatch that I have mentioned Colonel Burne of the 36th regiment in a very particular manner; and I assure you that there is nothing that will give me so much satisfaction as to learn that something has been done for this old and meritorious soldier. The 86th regiment are an example to this army’ (ib. 95). Burne, in consequence, received the government of Carlisle. He remained in the Peninsula after Sir Arthur Wellesley went home, and served under Sir John Moore in the retreat to Corunna and in the battle. In 1809 Burne commanded the 36th at the capture of Flushing. and was made a colonel on the staff until the evacuation of the island. In 1811 he was made major-general, and sent out to the Peninsula. He was posted to the command of a brigade in the 6th division, with which he was present at the battle of Fuentes d’Onor. But his long service in India and the hardships of the Corunna retreat had told upon his health, and he had to return to England, where he commanded the camp at Lichfield from 1812 to 1813, and at Nottingham from 1813 to 1814. When rewards were liberally heaped on the Peninsula officers in 1814, Mayor-general Burne was completely passed over, but he was promoted lieutenant-general on 19 July 1821, and died at Berkeley Cottage, Stanmore, on 16 June 1825.
[Royal Military Calendar.]
H. M. S.