OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Knipe, Thomas

​KNIPE, THOMAS (1638–1711), head-master of Westminster School, son of the Rev. Thomas Knipe, was born in 1638, most probably in Westminster. He was educated at Westminster School, whence in 1657 he was elected to a studentship at Christ Church, Oxford, but did not matriculate till 31 July 1658. He graduated B.A. 22 Feb. 1660, and M.A. 1 Dec. 1663. In the interval he acted as usher at his old school, and in 1663 became second master there. Dr. Busby [q. v.], the head-master, is said to have appreciated Knipe's merits. Knipe succeeded to Busby's post by a patent dated the very day, 6 April 1695, of Busby's death, and, though scarcely so brilliant as his predecessor, was respected and beloved by his pupils. A letter addressed by Knipe to Henry, lord Herbert of Cherbury [see under Herbert, Henry, 1654–1709], whose son was at Westminster School, shows that he was a strict disciplinarian (cf. Warner, Epistolary Curiosities, 1818, where Knipe's letter is printed). On 17 Oct. 1707 Knipe was installed a prebendary of Westminster, and died at Hampstead on 6 Aug. 1711 in his seventy-third year. He was buried on the 9th in the north cloister of Westminster Abbey, and a monument was put up to him by his widow in the south aisle. Knipe was married twice, first to a relative of Bishop Sprat, who died 26 Aug. 1685, and secondly to a widow, Alice Talbot, of St. Margaret's parish, who survived him until 8 March 1723; both his wives and several of his children also found sepulture in the abbey (see Chester, Registers of Westminster Abbey). A portrait ​of Knipe, painted by J. Dahl, has been engraved (see Noble, Continuation of Granger, ii. 119). Two of Knipe's descendants are also commemorated in the Abbey: Captain John Knipe, 90th regiment, who died at Gibraltar 25 Oct. 1798; and Captain Robert Knipe, 14th light dragoons, who was mortally wounded at the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, 5 May 1811.
Knipe compiled and published two grammars for the use of Westminster scholars: ‘Ἀπολλοδὠρου τοῦ Ἀθηναίου Γραμματικοῦ Βιβλιοθήκη ἢ περὶ Θεῶν Βιβλίον,’ &c., London, 1686; and ‘Hebraicæ Grammaticæ Rudimenta,’ 1708. He also certainly took some part in, and is even said to have been the author of, the ‘Grammatica Busbeiana.’ To Knipe were dedicated in laudatory terms the Greek dialogues (1706) of Maittaire, second master at Westminster, and the ‘Historical Account of the Heathen Gods,’ by Dr. William King, an old pupil of Westminster.
[Wood's Athenæ (Bliss), iv. 643; Wood's Fasti (Bliss), ii. 223, 266; Welch's Alumni Westmonast. 1852; Stanley's Memorials of Westminster Abbey; Le Neve's Fasti, iii. 364; Nichols's Illustr. iii. 270; Anecdotes, i. 26, 489, iv. 556.]
E. T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Knolles, Thomas

Thomas Knollys in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
​KNOLLES, THOMAS (d. 1537), president of Magdalen College, Oxford, was born in Westgate, York. He was a secular priest, educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, whence he graduated M.A., and became in 1495 fellow of the college, proceeding B.D. on 19 April 1515, and D.D. June 1518. He is said to have been rector of South Kirkby, Yorkshire. From 31 July 1502 till his death he was vicar of All Saints, Wakefield. Wood calls him ‘a learned man,’ and says he was much followed for his preaching in Yorkshire. From 1507 to 1529 he was subdean of York, and in 1529 became a prebendary of the cathedral. On the resignation of Laurence Stubbs in 1527 Knolles was elected president of Magdalen. He seems to have exerted some in​fluence at the university, and was a friend of Cromwell, with whom he corresponded (see Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, vols. v. viii. ix. x.) On 3 Feb. 1535 he resigned his headship, in accordance with a promise made the year before to Cromwell, who desired the post for another friend (Marshall). The latter was, however, not elected. Knolles retired to Wakefield, where he died on 9 May 1537. By his will, which is still extant at York, he desired to be buried near his parents in the south aisle of All Saints' Church, Wakefield. The gravestone has disappeared, but Walker (see Cathedral Church of Wakefield, p. 191) copied the Latin inscription from Dodsworth's notes in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
[Le Neve's Fasti, iii. 131, 316, 561; Wood's Fasti, ed. Bliss, i. 35, 43, 48; Oxf. Univ. Reg. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.), i. 82; Sisson's Hist. of Wakefield Church, p. 15; Bloxam's Register of Magdalen College, ii. 321, iii. 82, iv. 7, 10, 46.]
E. T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jervis, William Henley Pearson-

​JERVIS, WILLIAM HENLEY PEARSON- (1813–1883), ecclesiastical historian of France, second son of Hugh Nicholas Pearson [q. v.], dean of Salisbury from 1823 to 1846, was born on 29 June 1813 at Oxford. In 1824 he was sent to a preparatory school at Mitcham, Surrey, whence he was removed two years later to Harrow School. He distinguished himself at Harrow, but, unfortunately, at the sacrifice of his health. In 1831 he entered Christ Church, Oxford, but a severe illness from spinal complaint threw him back a year in his course of study. He availed himself of the leisure thus forced upon him to cultivate a strong natural taste for music and singing. In June 1835 he graduated B.A. (M.A. 1838); in July of the following year he was ordained deacon, and in 1837 was instituted to the rectory of St. Nicholas, Guildford. He was appointed by his father, then dean of Salisbury, a prebendary of the collegiate church of Heytesbury, Wiltshire. In 1848 he married Martha Jervis, daughter of Osborne Markham, esq., son of the Archbishop of York. His wife's mother was a grand-niece of John Jervis, earl St. Vincent [q. v.], and on her death in 1865 Pearson assumed the surname of Jervis. Owing to the delicate state of his health, Jervis and his wife resided abroad for six years (November 1856 to July 1862), chiefly in the south of France and in Paris. Here he studied, in the archives of Pau, Bayonne, and other places, as well as in the Bibliothèque Nationale at Paris, the memoirs and documents illustrating the ecclesiastical history of France. The fruit of his labours appeared in 1872 in a book entitled ‘A History of the Church of France from the Concordat of Bologna to the Revolution,’ 2 vols. 8vo. Ten years later he published, as a sequel to this work, ‘The Gallican Church and the French Revolution,’ 8vo. A smaller work by him appeared in Murray's series of manuals, under the name of ‘The Student's History of France.’ The books collected by Jervis for his church history were subsequently presented by his widow to the London Library. He never quite rallied from the loss of his brother, Hugh Pearson, vicar of Sonning and canon ​of Windsor (1817–1882), and died on 27 Jan. 1883, in his seventieth year. He was buried in Sonning churchyard, near his brother. His widow died 8 March 1888.
[Guardian, 31 Jan. 1883, p. 168; Annual Register, 1883, pt. ii. p. 124; personal recollections of a relative.]
R. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jervis, John Jervis White

​JERVIS, Sir JOHN JERVIS WHITE (1766–1830), miscellaneous writer, eldest son of John Jervis-White of Bally Ellis, co. Wexford, barrister-at-law, was born 10 June 1766, graduated B.A. as a fellow-commoner at Dublin University, became barrister-at-law and LL.D., by royal license assumed the name of Jervis in addition to that of White, and was created a baronet of Ireland 10 Nov. 1797. This was probably a reward for having in the previous year raised a corps of volunteers, whom he equipped at his own expense. He again raised and equipped a corps in Somerset in 1803. Jervis died in 1830. He was twice married, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Sir Henry Meredyth Jervis White Jervis (1793–1869), who was a commander in the royal navy.
Jervis wrote: 1. ‘A Refutation of M. M. de Montgaillard's Calumnies against British Policy, and of his Display of the Situation of Great Britain in the year 1811,’ 1812. 2. ‘A Brief View of the Past and Present State of Ireland,’ Bath, 1813. 3. ‘A Brief Statement of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of the Ancient Christian Church,’ Dublin, 1813, 8vo.
[Foster's Baronetage and Knightage, 1882, p. 656; Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 1890, p. 759; Brit. Mus. Cat.; Addit. MS. 23684, f. 87; Taylor's Univ. of Dublin, p. 469.]
F. W-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Hugh (1817-1860)

​MACDONALD, HUGH (1817–1860), Scottish poet, born in Bridgeton, Glasgow, on 4 April 1817, was apprenticed, after a scanty education at a night-school, to a block-printer. He subsequently kept a provision shop in Bridgeton, and ultimately returned to his trade in Paisley. He began to write verse in the 'Glasgow Citizen,' to which he also contributed a series of letters defending Burns from an attack by George Gilfillan [q. v.] In 1846 he had a meeting in Edinburgh with Professor Wilson ('Christopher North'), and wrote a graphic and interesting account of it. In 1849 he gave up his trade and joined the staff of the 'Glasgow Citizen,' for which, and for the 'Glasgow Times,' he wrote the series of descriptive papers subsequently collected under the titles of 'Rambles round Glasgow' and 'Days at the Coast.' In 1855 he joined the 'Glasgow Sentinel,' ​soon afterwards became editor of the 'Glasgow Times' and in 1858 literary editor of the 'Morning Journal,' a post which he held till his death on 16 March 1860. In 1883 a rustic stone fount, with a medallion bust of Macdonald, was errected to his memory on the site of 'the bonnie wee well' which is the subjct of one of his songs. All his literary work shows an intense love of nature, but his prose is better than his verse. His poetical works were published, with a memoir, Glasgow, 1865.
[Memoir as above; Brown's Poets of Paisley, ii. 93; Roger's Scottish Minstrel.]
J. C. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Angus

​MACDONALD, ANGUS (1834–1886), medical writer, was of humble Aberdeen family. At the age of nineteen he obtained a bursary at King's College, Aberdeen, where he read divinity for a year with the intention of becoming a minister. Proceeding, however, to Edinburgh, where the medical school was then at its zenith, he turned to the study of medicine, and in 1801 graduated M.D. Settling in practice at Edinburgh, he became lecturer at Minto House, afterwards at Surgeons' Hall, and physician and clinical lecturer on the diseases of women in the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, physician to the Royal Maternity Hospital, Edinburgh, and fellow of the Royal College of Physicians there, he died on 10 Feb. 18S6, leaving a widow, two daughters, and five sons. He was author of 'The Bearings of Chronic Diseases of the Heart upon Pregnancy,' &c., London. 1878, and edited Jackson's 'Notebook of Materia Medica,' Edinburgh, 1871.
[Works in English Museum; Lancet, 1886. i. 378; Medical Directory, 1887; Times, 12 Feb. 1888.]
A. F. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Archibald (1736-1814)

​MACDONALD, ARCHIBALD (1736–1814), author, born in 1736, was a Benedictine monk, and for many years was Roman catholic pastor of Seal Street Chapel, Liverpool. He published a defence of the authenticity of Macpherson's poems of Ossian against the attacks of Malcolm Laing [q. v.], and added some translations by himself of the lesser poems of Ossian, 1805. 'Fingal rendered into Verse' appeared in 1808, and Macdonald also published 'Moral Essays.' He died at Woolton in September 1814.
[Allibone's Dict. of English Literature; Gent. Mag. 1814, pt. ii. p, 298.]
J. R. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Hugh (1701-1773)

​MACDONALD, HUGH (1701–1773), Scottish catholic prelate, son of the laird of Morar, Inverness-shire, born in 1701, after completing his studies in the seminary of Scalan, was ordained priest in 1726 by Bishop James Gordon (1664–1746) [q.v.] When in 1727 Bishop Gordon, with Pope Benedict XIII's assent, divided Scotland, hitherto one episcopate, into two districts or vicariates [see Gordon, James, 1664–1746], Macdonald was nominated to the vicariate of the highland district, and to the see of Diana in Numidia, in partibus infidelium (12 Feb. 1730–1), and he was consecrated in Edinburgh, 18 Oct. 1731, by Bishop Gordon, assisted by Bishop Wallace and a priest. In the briefs Clement XII caused a clause to be inserted empowering Macdonald and Gordon to define the limits of their respective jurisdictions. The partition was accordingly arranged in October 1731, and it was approved by Propaganda in a congregation held 7 Jan. 1731-2.
When Prince Charles Stuart arrived on the western coast of Scotland, near Borrodale, in July 1745, the bishop hastened to him, and vainly urged him to return to France. On 19 Aug. the prince's royal standard was blessed by the bishop, and displayed in Glenfinnan, a part of Moidart belonging to Macdonald of Glenaladale. After the rebellion the bishop escaped to Paris, and obtained from the crown of France a pension, which he enjoyed until his death, under the name of Marolle. He returned to Scotland in 1749, and being betrayed by a namesake, he was apprehended at Edinburgh in July 1755. On his trial in March 1756 he was found guilty of being a popish priest, and condemned to perpetual banishment, but by connivance of the authorities this sentence was not enforced. He died in Glengarry on 12 March 1773.
[London and Dublin Weekly Orthodox Journal, 1837, iv. 83; Catholic Directory. 1892, pp. 60, 61; Stothert's Catholic Mission in Scotland. pp. 7, 30, 105; Brady's Episcopal Succession. iii. 465, 466.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Andrew

​MACDONALD, ANDREW (1755?–1790), dramatist and verse-writer, son of George Donald, gardener, was born at Leith about 1755. Educated in Leith and at Edinburgh University, he received deacon's orders in the Scottish episcopal church in 1775, when he lengthened his surname to Macdonald. After being tutor for a year at Gask, Perthshire, he was appointed in 1777 to a charge in Glasgow. Although apparently a good preacher, he met with little success, and an imprudent marriage injured his prospects. Resigning his charge, he settled in Edinburgh as a literary man, and ultimately tried his fortune in London. Here his prospects brightened. His tragedy called 'Vimonds,' which had been successfully played in Edinburgh, with a prologue by Henry Mackenzie, was accepted by Colman, and was produced at the Haymarket on 5 Sept. 1787 (Genest, Account of the Stage, vi. 455). It proved popular, and a repetition of the success next year was encouraging, but Macdonald's other dramatic efforts were failures. Adopting the pseudonym of 'Matthew Bramble,' Macdonald amused London for some time with poetical burlesques, cleverly modelled on 'Peter Pindar' (cf. D'Israeli, Calamities of Author's). Macdonald's health failed very suddenly, and he died in Kentish Town, London, 22 Aug. 1790, leaving his widow and a child destitute.
In 1782 Macdonald published 'Velina, a Poetical Fragment'—a clever piece in Spenserian stanza—which was followed in 1783 byan unsuccessful novel, 'The Independent.' Besides ' Vimonda,' published in 1768, on which his dramatic reputation rests, he left an unfinished tragedy, 'The Fair Apostate,' an opera, 'Love and Loyalty,' a comedy, 'Princess of Tarento,' various 'Probationary Odes for the Laureateship,' kc. A posthumous volume of sermons, 1790, secured some popularity, and Macdonald's 'Miscellaneous works,' including all his known writings, appeared in 1791.
[Lives of Scottish Poets, by the Society of Ancient Scots; Baker's Biog. Dramatica 1812; Chambers's Eminent Scotsmen.]
T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Macdonald, Duncan George Forbes

​MACDONALD, DUNCAN GEORGE FORBES (1823?–1884), agricultural engineer and miscellaneous writer, was the youngest son of John Macdonald (1779–1849) [q. v.], by his second wife, Janet, eldest daughter of Kenneth Mackenzie, esq., of Millbank. He early devoted himself to the study and practice of agriculture on his father's extensive glebe, and in 1848 started business on his own account as an agricultural engineer in London and Dingwall. He also practised as a civil engineer, and became conversant with every department of farming. In 1852 he wrote a pamphlet, ‘What the Farmers may do with the Land,’ and in 1858 was presented with a testimonial ‘by a few friends and masonic brethren’ for his services. About this time he visited British Columbia, where he became a member of the government survey staff and one of the commissioners appointed to adjust the boundary line of British North America. On his return he wrote a book on British Columbia, in which he earnestly deprecated emigration thither under the delusion that its soil was rich and fertile; he also delivered lectures on the subject. After the deposition of Napoleon III Macdonald wrote a pamphlet on ‘Napoleon III, the Empress Eugénie, and the Prince Imperial,’ with all of whom he seems to have had some acquaintance. In this he is said to ‘have successfully proved his majesty the foremost statesman and most sagacious monarch of the world.’ The rest of Macdonald's life was devoted to agricultural and similar interests. He became drainage engineer of improvements under the control of the Enclosure Commissioners for England and Wales, engineer-in-chief to the inspector-general of highland destitution, F.G.S., F.R.G.S., J.P., and LL.D. He died on 6 Jan. 1884. There is a portrait of him prefixed to his ‘Farming and Estate Management,’ engraved by Vincent Brooks.
His works are: 1. ‘What the Farmers may do with the Land,’ 1852. 2. ‘British Columbia and Vancouver's Island,’ 1862. 3. ‘A Lecture on British Columbia and Vancouver's Island,’ 1863. 4. ‘Hints on Farming and Estate Management,’ 3rd edit. 1865. 5. ‘Napoleon III, the Empress Eugénie,’ &c., 1871. 6. ‘Cattle, Sheep, and Deer,’ 1875; this work was patronised by almost every sovereign in Europe. 7. ‘The Highland Crofters: twelve Letters inscribed to the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone,’ 1878. 8. ‘The Grouse Disease, its Causes and Remedies,’ 1883. He also published several pamphlets on various economic and other questions.
[Works in the British Museum; Times, 9 Jan. 1884; information from the Rev. M. G. Watkins.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hall, James (1800?-1854)

​HALL, JAMES (1800?–1854), advocate and amateur painter, was the third and youngest son of Sir James Hall, bart., of Dunglass, the geologist [q. v.] He was born about 1800, and was educated for the legal profession. At the general election in June 1841, and again in February 1842, he was an unsuccessful candidate in the conservative interest for the borough of Taunton. But it was as a patron of art and an amateur portrait-painter that he was best known. He was a student of the Royal Academy, and became the friend of John Watson Gordon, Collins, Allan, and especially of Sir David Wilkie, many of whose studies and sketches he possessed, and whose favourite palette he presented to the National Gallery, where it now adorns the pedestal of Samuel Joseph's marble statue of Wilkie. He was a liberal donor to the funds of the British Institution, and both there and at the Royal Academy was an occasional exhibitor of portraits and Scottish scenery between 1835 and 1854. Among his landscapes were ‘The real Scenery of the Bride of Lammermuir,’ ‘From Burns's Monument in Ayrshire—the Island of Arran in the distance,’ ‘The Pentland Hills near Edinburgh,’ ‘Dunglass,’ ‘Tantallon Castle,’ and ‘The Linn at Ashiesteel, where it enters the Tweed.’ He painted a full-length portrait of Sir Walter Scott, whose manuscript of ‘Waverley’ he gave to the Advocates' Library at Edinburgh, and in 1838 he sent to the Royal Academy a portrait of the Duke of Wellington. His success as an artist, however, was not so great as it might have been if he had given his undivided attention to painting. His studio at 40 Brewer Street, Golden Square, was shared by Sir John Watson Gordon when in London for a short time in the season. He also wrote some speculative letters on ‘Binocular Perspective,’ which appeared in the ‘Art Journal’ for March and August 1852, and were reviewed by Sir David Brewster. Hall died unmarried at Ashestiel, Selkirkshire, the residence of his sister, Lady Russell, on 26 Oct. 1854, aged 54. A half-length portrait of him was left unfinished by Sir David Wilkie.
R. E. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hall, James (d.1612)

​HALL, JAMES (d. 1612), navigator, a native of Hull, made four voyages to Greenland, and wrote an account of the first two. He made his first voyage in 1605, when he was chief pilot on an expedition sent by Christian IV of Denmark to discover the lost colony of Greenland. They landed on the western coast near the modern Holsteinborg, and Hall describes the Eskimos as 'a kind of Samoydes worshipping the sun,' and gives their mode of deceiving the seals by wearing sealskin garments. He went again on the same quest in 1606 as pilot under Admiral Lindenov, when he saw the natives' winter houses, made of whalebones and covered with earth. After joining a third Danish expedition to Greenland in 1607, he returned to England with a Scarborough youth, William Huntriss, who had accompanied him on all his voyages, and had a special allowance for his seamanship from Christian IV. Hall persuaded four rich merchants to join him in fitting out an English expedition for mineral ores, and sailed for Greenland on his fourth and last voyage, in command of two ships, the Patience and Heartsease, in 1612. The famous William Baffin [q. v.] was pilot of the Patience, and wrote an account (published by Purchas) of this, Hall's last voyage. The party reached Cockin Sound on 8 July, and on the 21st Hall was mortally wounded by an Eskimo, in revenge probably for having carried off or slain some natives on a previous voyage. Hall died 22 July 1612, his last wishes being that Barker, master of the Heartsease, should succeed him as commander, and Huntriss take Barker's post. By his own desire he was buried on an island, not at sea. Purchas gives accounts of Hall's first two voyages, somewhat abbreviated, and says he also possessed an account of the third voyage, illustrated by Josiah Hubert, but since the ship was forced to turn back he does not print it. Baffin's journal is also in Purchas.
[Purchas his Pilgrimes, ed. 1625, i. 814, 821, 827, 831; John Davis, by Clements Markham, pp. 249-51, 257.]
E. T. B.