OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Walrus

Edition of 1920. See also Walrus on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WALRUS (from Swedish hvalross, whale-horse), an arctic marine pinniped mammal of the genus Odobœnus, of which two species are recognized – the Atlantic (O. rosmarus), and the Pacific (O. pacificus, or O. obesus). The walrus is allied to hair seals (see Seals and Sealing), from which it is distinguished by having the upper canine teeth largely developed, and growing from persistent pulps to form tusks. These may attain a length of 15 inches or more, and grow downwards, and slightly inwards. They serve the animal as weapons, as tools in digging up from the sand of the bottom of the sea the mollusks upon which it mainly subsists, and in climbing out upon ice-cakes or rocks of the shore. They are much larger in the males than in the females. The walrus is ordinarily 10 to 12 feet long, with a girth as great, but occasionally attains a length of 20 feet. The muaile is abruptly truncated, with long and remarkably strong bristly moustaches; small eyes; external ear wanting, though the orifice is distinctly visible; hind limbs short, connected by a membrane which covers the tail; fore limbs strong and stumpy, all with five digits. The fur is of a tawny brown color, and the hide is so thick that it has been likened to a tough, flexible coat of mail.
Walruses are gregarious and are fonnd on the seashore and on ice floes. They are said to be monogamuus, and the female brings forth at nine months one calf, usually on the ice floes. In disposition they are quiet and inoffensive anless attacked, or during the mating season, at when their young are in danger, when they become desperately aggressive and furiously attack the hunters on the ice or in boats. The walrus is now confined to the regions within the Arctic Circle, though its extinct ancestors had a much wider geographical range, occurring numerously in ancient tunes as far south as Denmark and Nova Scotia in the Atlantic and about the Aleutian Islands on the northwest coast. Owing to reckless slaughter by sealers and whalers, they are greatly decreased even in the Arctic seas, and the few remaining seek unfrequented spots in high latitudes. The tusks yield a valuable ivory, their blubber a fine oil, while the hide is most serviceable. Consult Allen, 'North American Pinnipeds' (Washington 1880) and standard authorities.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Walters, William Thompson

Edition of 1920. See also William Thompson Walters on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WALTERS, wâl'tėrz, William Thompson, American merchant and art collector: b. on the Juniata River, Pa., 23 May 1820; d. Baltimore, Md., 22 Nov. 1894. He was educated as a civil engineer, but became interested in the coal and iron industry, and while in charge of a smelting establishment in Pennsylvania produced the first iron manufactured from mineral coal in the United States. He removed to Baltimore in 1841, and established himself as a wine merchant there in 1847. He was president of the first steamship line between Baltimore and Savannah and was one of the reorganizers of the Southern lines. In 1861-65 he resided in Europe, where he traveled widely in the interest of art, and purchased numerous additions for his collection. He was United States commissioner at the Paris expositions of 1867 and 1878, and also to that at Vienna in 1873. His private collection was one of the largest and most valuable in the United States, and his annual exhibit of his gallery for charity netted $30,000 for the poor of Baltimore. He wrote ‘Barye’ (1885); ‘Notes Upon Certain Masters of the 19th Century’ (1886), etc.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Walters Collection

Edition of 1920. See also Walters Art Museum on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WALTERS COLLECTION, began in 1820 by William Thompson Walters of Baltimore who had been art commissioner to the Paris expositions of 1867 and 1878 and to the Vienna Exposition of 1873 and who acquired a remarkable collection of French and Chinese art work, and Greek, Roman and Italian sculpture. The collection was augmented and suitably housed by his son in 1900. Consult Gruelle, R. B., ‘Collection of W. T. Walters’ (Boston 1895); and Bushnell, S. W., ‘Oriental Ceramic Art Collections of W. T. Walters’ (New York 1899).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Waite, Henry Randall

Edition of 1920. See also Henry Randall Waite on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WAITE, Henry Randall, American editor and clergyman: b. Copenhagen, N. Y., 16 Dec. 1845. He was graduated at Hamilton 1868, then was engaged in journalism till 1870; studied theology in the Union Theological Seminary, New York, and in 1871-74 was pastor of the American church in Rome; was editor of the International Review 1876-77, and in the meantime and till 1880 pastor of a Presbyterian church in Pelham, N. Y. In 1891 he became acting pastor of a Congregational church in Brooklyn. Waite was president of the Political Science Association of New York 1876-77; special officer of the United States census 1880-83; editor of the Boston Citizen 1885-86; then editor of Civics in New York. He has published ‘The Motive of St. Paul's Life’; ‘Illiteracy and the Mormon Problem.’
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Waits

Edition of 1920. See also Wait (musician) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WAITS, the king's minstrels, who in England and other countries used formerly to guard the streets at night and proclaim the hour. The name was afterward applied to the town's musicians, who, however, did not perform the duties of watchmen, and to private bands, when employed as serenaders. In modern times the waits are musicians who play during the night hours on the approach of the Christmas or New Year seasons, and call at the houses of the inhabitants for donations. While this custom exists to some extent in the United States, the term “waits” is not used here.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Walthall, Edward Carey

Edition of 1920. See also Edward C. Walthall on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WALTHALL, wŏl'thạl, Edward Carey, American soldier: b. Richmond, Va., 4 April 1831; d. Washington, D. C, 21 April 1898. Admitted to the bar in 1852, he began practice in Coffeeville, Miss., and was district attorney for the 10th judicial district of Mississippi 1856-61. He then entered the Confederate army as lieutenant, becoming brigadier-general in December 1862 and major-general in June 1864. He especially distinguished himself at the battle of Missionary Ridge, where he led his brigade over a ridge and held back the Federal troops till the Confederate army made its escape; and he covered the retreat of General Hood's army after the defeat at Nashville. He practised law in Grenada, Miss., 1871-85, when he was appointed a United States senator to fill out the unexpired term of Lucius Q. C. Lamar. He was elected for full terms in 1888 and in 1892, was chairman of the committee on military affairs and served on the committees on the improvement of the Mississippi River and on public lands.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Waite, Morrison Remick

Edition of 1920. See also Morrison Waite on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WAITE, wāt, Morrison Remick, American jurist, seventh chief justice of the United States: b. Lyme, Conn., 29 Nov. 1816; d. Washington, D. C., 23 March 1888; He was graduated from Yale in 1837; studied law, and in 1838 moved to Ohio, where he was admitted to the bar in 1839. He began the practice of his profession in Maumee City, later moving to Toledo. In politics he was at first an active and influential member of the Whig party, and was elected to the Ohio State legislature in 1849; later he took part in the organization of the Republican party; was an ardent supporter of Lincoln; and was nominated for Congress in 1862, but failed of election. His national reputation dates from the time of his appointment by President Grant as one of the counsel to represent the United States before the tribunal for the consideration of the Alabama claims at Geneva; associated with him were Caleb Cushing and William M. Evarts, the latter a college classmate. His reply to Sir Roundell Palmer, establishing Great Britain's liability for permitting the Confederate cruisers to coal in British ports during the Civil War, was considered a model of legal argument in its clear, direct and logical presentation of the law and facts. In 1873 he was chosen by both political parties as a delegate from his county to the convention for revising the State constitution of Ohio, and was made president of that convention. In the same year he was appointed chief justice of the national Supreme Court, the appointment being approved by a unanimous vote of the Senate. Many of the most important subjects of adjudication came before the court during his term of office. Among them were the following: The constitutionality of the enforcement act; interpretation of the latest constitutional amendments; rights and powers of the State to control and regulate the charges of railroads; the polygamy cases; federal control over elections; power of the President to remove from office; power of States to prohibit the liquor traffic; repudiation of State debts and the true meaning of the 11th amendment; questions arising out of the violence of the Chicago anarchists, and the exclusion of the Chinese. His work was marked by the strictest attention to detail, and by a rigid enforcement of the rules and precedents of practice of the court; it was his custom to keep watch of the docket and
acquaint himself in advance with the character of the cases about to be reached. In all questions his decisions were entirely uninfluenced by political considerations; and all parties and sections united in commending his absolute fairness. A prominent lawyer of the South said of him: “He could hold in his steady and equal hand the balance of justice undisturbed.”
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Walden (book)

Edition of 1920. See also Walden on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
WALDEN; or, LIFE IN THE WOODS, the record of Henry D. Thoreau's famous experiment of Walden published at Boston in 1854. In 1845 Thoreau, impelled by the desire of proving that man could be entirely independent of his kind, retired to the shores of Walden Pond, near Concord, Mass., and there built a hut with his own hands and kept it in order for two years. His livelihood was gained by the cultivation of a few acres, by his labor as a surveyor and by odd jobs as carpenter, etc., for his neighbors. His vaunted independence was still far from realization, but this life of a recluse gave him time for introspection. He read and wrote a great deal
and became very familiar with the wild life of the neighborhood. Birds answered his call and beasts approached him without fear, as in the case of Saint Francis of Assisi. ‘Walden’ is the record of his experiences and the key to his mental processes during that interesting period. Because of the author's high standing as naturalist, litterateur, poet and above all as interpreter of nature the work is of the greatest interest and has also great psychological value. The work is free from the pedantry of science, is replete with interesting facts in natural history, not, however, retailed disjointly. The permanent interest of the work, one of the greatest of woodland books and one of the most original works in American literature, is due to the variable charm, contradictions and surprises in which it abounds as does nature herself. Consult the work in the new edition of Thoreau's works (Boston 1906) and Thoreau's ‘Walden’ (in ‘Macmillan's Pocket Classics,’ New York 1911).
# The Hand of Peril/Part 5

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PART V
THE QUARTERS ON THE RIVER
* Chapter I
* Chapter 2
* Chapter 3
* Chapter 4
* Chapter 5
* Chapter 6
* Chapter 7
* Chapter 8
* Chapter 9
* Chapter 10
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Blarney

THE BLARNEY.
Oh, when a young bachelor woos a young maid
Who's eager to go and yet willing to stay,
She sighs, and she blushes, and looks half afraid,
Yet loses no word that her lover can say;
What is it she hears but the blarney?
The blarney, the blarney,
Oh, a perilous thing is the blarney!
To all he has told us she gives no reply;
Or murmurs and whispers so gentle and low;
And though he has asked her, when nobody's by,
She dare not say "Yes," and she cannot say "No."
She knows what she hears is the blarney,
The blarney, the blarney,
Oh! a perilous thing is the blarney!
But people get used to a perilous thing,
And fancy the sweet words of lovers are true;
So, let all their blarney be pass'd through a ring;
The charm will prevent all the ill it can do;
And maids have no fear of the blarney,
The blarney, the blarney,
Or the peril that lies in the blarney!
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Mother Tried

THE MOTHER TRIED.
"Oh! blessed be my baby boy!"
Thus spake a mother to her child,
And kiss'd him with excess of joy,
Then look'd into his face and smiled.
But, as the mother breathed his name— The fervent prayer was scarcely said— Convulsions shook the fragile frame,
The mother's only babe was dead.
Yet still her faith in Him she kept— In Him who turned to grief her joy;
And still she murmur'd as she wept,
"Oh! blessed is my baby boy!"
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/Fairy Gifts

FAIRY GIFTS.
Pretty Peggy one morning was dancing on dew,
When the fairies came by, and they took her away,
And she lived with the fairies a whole year through,
And came back to her cabin next Midsummer day.
They brought her the charms that no mortal can bring,
She was pretty before—she was beautiful then;
But they made her as proud as a young rose in spring,
And they harden'd her heart against all sorts of men.
Patrick came with his simper, and Dermot with sighs,
And Jerry with jokes, and with blarney came Mike,
And Darby with laughter in both his bright eyes,
And a crowd of the boys bade her take which she like;
But she shunn'd them, the tender, wild, simple, and sage,
And lived by herself while her fairy gift fades;
And this was the prayer of her lonely old age,
"Heaven keep from such fairy gifts all merry maids!"
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/Words from the Irish

WORDS FROM THE IRISH.
Oh! have you seen my Norah Fay? She's left me all the sad long day,
Alone to sing a weary lay!
Go thene my avourneen slane ariste.
You'll know her by her raven hair,
Her dark blue eye, her forehead fair,
Her step and laugh that banish care;
Go thene my avourneen slane ariste.
In form you may her semblance find,
But none like her of womankind,
If you can see her heart and mind;
Go thene my avourneen slane ariste.
Oh! bring me to my Norah Fay,
For hours are days when she's away
The sun looks dark and sweet birds say,
Go thene my avourneen slane ariste.
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Dream of the Exile

THE DREAM OF THE EXILE.
The breeze came gently o'er me from the west,
Where the last sun-beams linger ere they part;
Along the beach I lay, to sleep, and rest
My wearied limbs, and still more wearied heart; ​When forth from out the blue and boundless sea,
That long had circled and imprisoned me,
I saw a fair and fruitful land arise,
And knew, at once, my native shore and skies.
Quicker than thought I passed, and stood before
The well-known dwelling of my child and wife,
Yet could not pass the threshold of the door
That kept me forth from all I loved of life;
My heart was chill'd—though from within there came
A voice that seem'd to murmur my own name— While tongue, nor hand, nor foot, obeyed my will,
But powerless, motionless, I stood there still.
A mist was o'er my eyes—yet I could see,
Through the closed lattice, the dim forms of two
Whose hearts were mine—none other could they be!
They were not strangers, that full well I knew:
But dark and dull as was the outward gloom
It was less deep than that within the room,
And vainly were mine eyeballs strain'd to trace
More than the outline of a form and face.
How death-like all that was within I deemed,
All save the music of a human voice;
But that so faint and so unearthly seem'd,
It chilled the hope that would have said "Rejoice!"
Was it the breathing of my wife or boy?
Was it a tone of sadness or of joy,
That, like a fearful though a welcome spell
On the one sense that owned me master, fell?
The mist was slowly passing from my sight— Its darkness every moment grew less deep— Till I beheld my wife; all draped in white
She lay upon a couch in gentle sleep:
And our boy watched, and sigh'd to hear her sigh,
To mark how pale her cheek, how sunk her eye!
Sorrow that fair form must have sadly bowed— Oh, God of judgment! she was in her shroud!
At once my tongue was loosed, my limbs were free,
I burst the casement, and I madly spoke,
And my boy started, wildly looked on me
And shriek'd so fearfully, that I awoke— To hear the ocean's never varied sound
And the wild sea-mew, wheeling round and round— Where hope, the sunlight of the soul, ne'er beams— A broken-hearted exile, even in dreams!
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/Wonders and Murmurs

WONDERS AND MURMURS.
Strange that the wind should be left so free,
To play with a flower or tear a tree;
To rage or ramble where'er it will,
And, as it lists, to be fierce or still;
Above and around to breathe of life,
Or to mingle the earth and the sky in strife;
Gently to whisper with morning light,
Yet to growl like a fetter'd fiend ere night;
Or to love, and cherish, and bless to-day,
What to-morrow it ruthlessly rends away.
Strange that the sun should call into birth
All the fairest flowers, and fruits of earth,
Then bid them perish, and see them die,
While they cheer the heart and gladden the eye.
At morn—its child is the hope of spring,
At night—a shrivelled and loathsome thing;
To-day—there is joy-full life in its breath,
To-morrow—it shrinks to a useless death.
Strange does it seem that the sun should joy
To give life alone that it may destroy.
Strange that the ocean should come and go,
With its daily and nightly ebb and flow,
To bear on its placid breast at morn
The bark that ere night will be tempest-torn,
Or cherish it all the way it must roam,
To leave it a wreck within sight of home;
To smile as the mariner's toils are o'er.
Then wash the dead to his cottage door,
And gently ripple along the strand
To watch the widow behold him land.
But stranger than all, that man should die,
When his plans are formed and his hopes are high;
He walks forth a lord of the earth to-day,
And to-morrow beholds him a part of its clay:
He is born in sorrow and cradled in pain,
And from youth to age it is labour in vain.
And all that seventy years can show,
Is, that wealth is trouble, and wisdom woe;
That he treads a path of care and strife,
Who drinks of the poisoned cup of life!
Alas! if we murmur at things like these,
That reflection tells us are wise decrees,— That the wind is not ever a gentle breath,
That the sun is often the bearer of death,
That the ocean waves are not always still,
And that life is chequered with good and ill;
If we know 'tis well such change should be,
What do we learn from the things we see?
That an erring and sinning child of dust
Should not wonder nor murmur, but hope and trust.
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Covenanters

THE COVENANTERS.
[HARVEY'S PICTURE OF COVENANTERS WORSHIPPING AMONG THE HILLS OF SCOTLAND.]
It came from out the silent glen,
The mingled prayer of armed men;
Their swords in sheath for one calm day,
"And let us worship God," they say.
They met—in fear, but not of man;
In hope—but not of human aid;
In faith—that dreads no mortal ban;
In trust—mid perils undismayed.
As wearied travellers seek the brook,
They ask refreshment from "the Book!"
The fountain gives them strength for strife,
And Freedom will be bought with life.
No Temple made by human hands
Is that in which the Pastor stands;
Around him mighty mountains rise,
Pillars to yon vast roof, the skies;
But Freedom consecrates the glen;
And girlhood, boyhood, age, and youth,
Utter or breathe a stern "Amen"
To words that Reason stamps with Truth;
For God and Nature bade them be
All—like their free forefathers—free;
Such message yon good Pastor brings— A message from the King of kings!
Say, grandsire—thou should'st know it best— Say, matron, with the babe at breast;
Say, girl—thy lover still is near— Can Patriot-passion banish fear?
Old man, what counsels thy grey hairs?
Mother, what dost thou tell thy son?
Boy, know'st thou what thy father dares?
Girl, say how must thy heart be won?
All answer, with a shout and sigh,
"Go strike for freedom—do, or die!
Nor let your children's children name
Old Scotland's mountain-men with shame!"
Thanks, Painter, for a lesson taught!
Thanks for a pictured store of thought!
Thus Art works out her great design,
Shapes the rough ore of Nature's mine;
Gives Beauty a perpetual youth;
Bids Virtue teach and never tire;
Shows that a halo shines round Truth;
Tells what to shun and what desire;
And makes Example hear to ages— More forceful than a thousand pages— Of good or ill, a painted story
To warn from shame, or win for glory.
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Fairy Ring

THE FAIRY RING.
Merry-hearted Norah sleeping
In a fairy ring one day,
Where the elves their watch were keeping,
Ah! they stole the maid away!
And beneath Lough Ina's water
All their elvish tricks they taught her;
Then, with magic spells around her,
Left her where her lover found her,
In the fairy ring.
Like a fawn away she started— And her laugh was loud and clear— Leaving Dermot broken-hearted,
As the sighing youth drew near.
Down he sunk, as she forsook him,
And a dreamy sleep o'ertook him,
When a chorus of sweet voices
Sing a song, his heart rejoices,
In the fairy ring.
"Up," it said, "your day's declining,
"Up, and woo her like a man;
"You are far too sad and sighing!"
Up poor Dermot rose and ran;
And when next he stood beside her,
In some other way he tried her,
For their love and troth they plighted,
Standing, hand and heart united,
In the fairy ring!
# The Forlorn Hope (Hall)/Poems/The Mountain Maid

THE MOUNTAIN MAID.
Oh! the mountain maid is the maid for me;
Her step is light and her heart is free,— Light and free as the breeze that passes.
Oh! a rosy cheek and a rounded form,
And a pulse that's neither too cold nor warm,
Is the dowry they bring, these mountain lasses.
They have no jewels, they have no gold,
But health and truth, and a spirit bold,— Bold and true as their rocky masses.
As Nature is kind, and pure, and free,
So children of Nature, so are ye,
Ye happy and merry mountain lasses.
# The Family Kitchen Gardener (1856)/Jerusalem Artichoke

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JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE.
Heliánthus Tuberòsus.—Poire de Terre, Fr.—Erde Apfel, Ger.
The tuberous-rooted Sunflower, as the name implies, is a native of South America, and has been cultivated for two centuries. Like many other new vegetables, when first introduced, it was extolled extravagantly. It was baked in pies, with dates, ginger, raisins, &c.; and of course amalgamated with such good things that it could not taste indifferently. When boiled in the simple way of Potatoes, however, they will not form a very palatable dish. The modern way of serving them up, is to boil them till they become tender, when, after being peeled and stewed with butter and wine, they are considered pleasant, and taste similar to the true Artichoke. They are not so good as Potatoes, but, as a crop for feeding hogs or cattle, they are more productive.
Culture.—They are propagated and planted in the same manner as the Potatoe, any time in March, and will grow in any soil, even under trees. They are best fresh planted every year, and require good, light ground. The stems grow to eight or ten feet high, and have the appearance of the Sunflower. They are in use from October to April. Any time in November, a quantity may be lifted and packed away in sand or earth, for Winter use or cover the ground with rough litter, to keep ​out severe frost, and they can be lifted as required. The frost does not injure the tubers.