# Excellent Ancient Adages, Together with Notes on the Writings of Chinese Romanized in the Hokkien Dialect/An Alphabetical INDEX
## An Alphabetical Index of different Chinese Characters, answering all the words of the first Chapter. 昔時賢文

阿 a. o., a prefix; a gūi; amida or o-mí-tô, see gūi.
鴉 a, the crows; a crow.
愛 aì, to love, to like, to desire
暗 àm, dark.
安 an, tranquil; peace.
鞍 an, the saddle.
謾 bān, to deceive or insult; to remiss.
萬 bān, a myriad, ten thousand.
墨 běk, the ink.
麥 běk, the wheat.
名 bêng, the name.
命 bēng, the fate.
微 bî, small.
未 bī, not yet.
眠 bîen, to sleep.
綿 bîen, the cotton.
面 bīen, the face.
民 bîn, the common people.
母 bó, mother.
滿 bóan, full.
​晚 bóan, late.
木 bŏk, the wood.
莫 bŏk, do not
亡 bông, to perish; lost, destroyed.
無 bû, no, not.
門 bûn, the door.
文 bûn, literary; civil.
物 bŭt, a thing.
栽 chai, to plant.
載 chài, to contain; to lade, to ship or cart.
才 châi, talent, power.
財 châi, wealth.
裁 châi, chhâi, to cut with scissors; to fit.
在 chāi, to be in or at present.
濟 chè, to succour.
齊 chê, even, together, regulate.
積 chek, to collect or gather together.
跡 chek, traces, form.
賊 chĕk, the thief, a thief.
憎 cheng, to hate, to dislike.
爭 cheng, to wrangle, to contest, to litigate.
貞 cheng, chaste and pure.
正 chèng, correct; right.
晴 chêng, fair weather.
​靜 chēng, quiet; silent; still.
債 chèy, a debt; a loan of money.
枝 chi, a branch.
之 chi, it, him, them; of; belonging to.
只 chí, only; a bundle.
指 chí, the fingures.
者 chiá, who, which, that which.
爵 chiak, a degree of nobility; a wine bottle; a rank.
將 chiang, to take; shall, will, about to.
章 chiang, an essay; a chapter.
漿 chiang, thick fluid; starch; rice water.
前 chîen, before.
錢 chîen, a coin, money.
賤 chīen, mean; low and coarse.
針 chim, the needle.
真 chin, real; correct; really true.
足 chiok, a foot; enough.
終 chiong, the end; to the end.
衆 chiòng, all; also.
從 chiông, to follow; from.
州 chiu, an islet; a political district.
酒 chiú, spiritious liquor in general.
早 chó, the early morning.
坐 chō, to sit,
​專 choan, exclusively; undividedly.
絕 choăt, to destroy; to cut off; to the utmost.
作 chok, to make; to do; to act.
族 chŏk, a tribe or clan.
濯 chŏk, glossy.
藏 chông, to hide; to conceal.
珠 chu, a pearl; a bead.
硃 chu, vermillion.
諸 chu, all, every.
子 chú, a son; seed.
主 chú, a lord or master.
仔 chú, to bear, to carry, to undertake; careful,
住 chū, to stop; to dwell.
自 chū, self, from; naturally.
醉 chùi, drunk; intoxicated.
菜 chhài, vegetables.
插 chhap, to insert.
妻 chhe, a wife.
赤 chhek, red.
清 chheng, clear.
廁 chhèy, a privy.
癡 chhi, silly; foolish.
娶 chhì, to marry (man or woman) in general.
市 chhī, a market street.
​償 chhîang, siông, to repay.
深 chhim, deep.
親 chhin, near relatives.
醜 chhiú, ugly.
草 chhó, the grass.
穿 chhoàn, to perforate; to bore through.
船 chhoân, soân, a boat; a vessel.
初 chhor, chhe, beginning; to commence.
麤 chhor, coarse; rough.
醋 chhòr, vinegar.
取 chhú, to take.
此 chhú, this; these.
處 chhù, a house; a spot; to be at; to dwell.
春 chhun, the spring; the spring season.
寸 chhùn, an inch.
出 chhut, to go out.
影 éng, a shadow.
應 èng, ought; should.
籯 êng, a basket or hamper.
眼 gán, the eye.
言 gân, giên, the words; an advice.
藝 gē, handicraft.
逆 gĕk, to disobey; to offend.
魚 gî, a fish.
​宜 gî, right, ought.
義 gī, justice.
嚴 gîam, rigid, stern, strict.
吟 gîm, to sing, to chant odes.
玉 giŏk, the jade.
吃 git, to eat; to let; to permit.
牛 giû, a bull; a cow; an ox.
哦 gô, to sing verses.
願 goān, willing; desire.
外 gōe, out; outside.
禦 gú, gí, to withstand; to resist; to prevent.
語 gú, gí, talk; words.
愚 gû, gî, foolish; stupid.
遇 gū, to meet with.
魏 gūi, a guī, asafoetida.
下 hā, low; to lower; to descend.
海 hái, the sea.
害 hāi, to hurt; to injure.
含 hâm, to inclose; to hold in the mouth.
咸 hâm, all.
罕 hán, seldom; rare.
閑 hân, leisure.
寒 hân, cold.
巷 hāng, the lane.
​合 hăp, to join; united, hô-hăp agreeing well.
孝 hàu, filial duty; filial piety.
黑 hek, black.
兄 heng, elder brother.
橫 hêng, cross; perverse.
行 hêng, to walk; to go.
形 hêng, form; shape
稀 hi, few; scanty.
虛 hi, empty; hollow; weak.
許 hí, to promise
嫌 hîam, to find fault with; to censure; to blame.
香 hiang, sweet smell; fragrant.
鄉 hiang, a village.
向 hiàng, to face; towards; facing.
献 hièn, to offer; to produce openly.
賢 hîen, excellent; clever.
血 hiet, the blood.
恨 hīn, hūn. hatred; spite; dislike.
休 hiu, to let off; don’t.
好 hnór, good.
火 hnór, the fire.
何 hô, where; which; what; whence.
和 hô, harmony; union; concord.
毫 hô, a small weight; very little.
​花 hoa, the flower.
化 hòa, to renovate; to reform.
反 hóan, to turn back.
煩 hoân, troubled; anxious.
還 hoân, to return; to repay.
飯 hoān, boiled or cooked rice.
發 hoat, to produce; to sprout.
迴 hôe, to bend around and return.
會 hōe, able; to understand.
福 hok, happiness.
腹 hok, the belly or abdomen.
風 hong, the wind.
防 hông, to guard against.
蓬 hông, a kind of long medicinal grass.
簧 hông, a reed organ.
紅 hông, red.
黃 hông, yellow.
逢 hông, to meet with.
虎 hór, the tiger.
侯 hôr, a marquis.
乎 hōr, admiration; or inquiry; at; in; towards.
後 hōr, after in time, late, subsequent.
夫 hu, a man; a male; husband.
斧 hú, the axe.
​富 hù, rich; wealthy.
扶 hû, to help to rise; to assist; to lift up.
婦 hū, a woman; properly a married woman.
駙 hū, rapid; near; to approach.
父 hū, the father.
非 hui, not so; not right; no; wrong.
飛 hui, to fly.
肥 hûi, fat.
吠 hūi, to bark.
分 hun, to divide; a division.
婚 hun, to marry a wife; marriage.
佛 hŭt, Buddha.
衣 i, the dress.
以 í, by; with; because; for; in.
意 ì, a thought; intention; idea.
移 î, to move; to change the place.
易 ī, easy; easily.
也 ia, also; likewise; even.
爺 iâ, a father; a sire.
夜 iā, the night.
約 iak, a treaty; contract, or agreement.
厭 iàm, to hate or dislike; to despise.
養 iáng, to nourish; to train;
羊 iâng, the goat.
​陽 iâng, etherial light; the sun.
葉 iăp, the leaves.
遙 iâu, distant; far; remote.
沿 iên, through; continuous.
緣 iên, a course; an affinity; a fated event.
音 im, a sound of any kind.
飲 ím, to drink.
恩 in, grace; favour.
𡛸 in, decrees of fate about marriage.
欲 iŏk, to wish; to desire.
容 iông, the air; manner; easily to receive.
用 īong, to use; useful.
憂 iu, sad; displeased.
有 iú, to have; to possess.
由 iû, though; by; from.
遊 iû, to ramble about for amusement.
猶 iû, still; even; rather.
而 jî, then; also; yet; still.
兒 jî, an infant; a child.
然 jîen, so; indeed.
人 jîn, the men; a man.
仁 jîn, benevolent, benevolence.
肉 jĭok, the flesh.
入 jĭp, to enter, to come in.
​日 jĭt, the sun.
乳 jú, the milk; the breasts.
如 jû, as, like as.
字 jū, a word; a character; a style of writing.
價 kà, the price.
皆 kai, all.
甘 kam, sweet; sweetness.
奸 kan, traitorous; malicious; crafty.
干 kan. witness; to have relation to; to offend.
乾 kan, dry.
江 kang, a river.
割 kat, to cut.
交 kau, to blend; to unite; to join; to copulate; to trade.
教 kàu, to teach.
鷄 ke, the fowls, a fowl.
計 kè, to plan; to count; to consider and devise.
棘 kek, thorny bushes.
經 keng, classical works; to manage.
更 keng, to change; to alter; to substitute; a night watch.
荊 keng, a bush; slender; lithe and thorny.
敬 kèng, to reverence; to honor; to treat due respect.
徑 kèng, bye-way; a path.
家 key, ka. a household; a family.
假 kéy, ká, not genuine; false.
​嫁 kèy, to marry a husband; to give a daughter in marriage.
飢 ki, famine; hunger.
己 kí, one’s self.
幾 kí, about, a few; somewhat.
寄 kì, to send; to despatch.
其 kî, he; she or it.
拒 kī, to oppose; to ward off; to withstand; to obstruct.
劍 kiàm, a sword.
姜 kiang, a surname
強 kiâng, laborious; determined; firm; to encourage.
夾 kiap, to aid; to support; to insert between.
驕 kiau, proud; haughty.
堅 kien, stable; sound; firm; hard.
見 kièn. to perceive; to meet with,
健 kiēn, strong; robust; hearty.
金 kim, the gold.
今 kim, now.
禁 kìm, to bear; to endure; to withstand.
根 kin, the root.
觔 kin, kun, a catty.
近 kīn, kūn, near.
脚 kiok, the foot.
窮 kiông, poverty.
急 kip, hasty; urgent.
​久 kiú, long, as to time; enduring; lasting.
救 kiù, to save; to deliver.
求 kiû, to beg; to entreat.
仇 kiû, an enemy.
高 ko, high.
歌 ko, an ode; a song.
過 kò, a crime; litigation; to pass.
官 koan, a mandarin.
觀 koan, to look at carefully; to observe.
國 kok, kingdom; a state; a country.
各 kok, each; every.
穀 kok, the grains; the crops.
公 kong, public; a grandfather; duke; male.
功 kong, a merit.
孤 kor, solitary; an orphan.
枯 kor, rotten wood; dried and shrivelled.
狗 kór, the dog.
古 kór, ancient; antiquity.
顧 kòr, to attend to; to care for; to regard.
居 ku, to dwell; to reside.
句 kù, a sentence; a clause.
具 kū, an instrument, or material.
鬼 kúi, a ghost; a wretch.
貴 kùi, honorable; noble.
​跪 kūi, to kneel.
櫃 kūi, a chest; a trunk.
君 kun, the sovereign.
軍 kun, a soldier; an army.
開 khai, to open.
堪 kham, to sustain; worthy; fit for.
看 khàn, to look, to see, to behold.
渴 khat, thirsty.
客 khek, a stranger; a guest.
刻 khek, to carve, to cut, to engrave.
坑 kheng, a ditch; a ravine, a pit.
肯 khéng, to assent to; to be willing.
欺 khi, to oppress; to deceive or cheat.
起 khí, to rise; to raise up; to build.
騎 khî, to ride.
欠 khìam, to owe, as money; to be deficient.
犬 khíen, the dog.
琴 khîm, a harp.
曲 khiok, crooked; a song.
却 khiok, to refuse; to deny; to curb the desires.
恐 khíong, to fear; lest.
可 khó, may or can be.
勸 khoàn, to exhort.
康 khong, peace; excellent.
​口 khór, the mouth.
苦 khór, bitter.
去 khù, to go.
屈 khut, to bend over; to subject, to make crooked, to stoop.
來 lâi, to come.
男 lân, a male person; a baron.
南 lâm, the south.
懶 lán, lazy; idle; to loathe.
難 lân, difficult, hard; difficulty.
欄 lán, a den or pen for animals; a railing
蘭 lân, orchideous plants; Teng-lán, a man’s name.
納 lăp, to receive, to obtain.
鬧 lau, noise or confusion as of a crowd; crowed; bustling.
禮 lé, ceremony, politeness, propriety.
犁 lê, the plough.
力 lĕk, strength.
能 léng, able; can.
寧 lêng, rather than; better.
令 lēng, to cause; to order or command.
里 lí, a chinese mile.
汝 lí, jní, thou; you.
裏 lí, inside; within.
理 lí, right doctrine; reason.
利 lī, sharp; benefit; gain; interest.
​離 li, lî, to leave; to be distant; to part.
兩 líang, a pair, both; a tael.
娘 liang, a young lady; a female; a goddess.
量 liang, to measure; to consult; to deliberate.
良 liâng, good; gentle; mild,
糧 liâng, provisions.
涼 lîang, cool.
了 líau, finished, done.
年 liên, the year,
淋 lîm, to drip; to pour upon; to soak.
臨 lîm, to descend; to arrive at,
隣 lîn, neighbour, or neighbours in general.
憐 lîn, to pity.
龍 lîong, a dragon.
立 lĭp, to set up; to stand.
溜 liû, a current; to issue forth; to flow.
留 liû, to detain; to hold on to; to lay up as a record.
流 liû, to flow.
老 ló, old.
惱 ló, anxious; grieved; vexed.
羅 lô, to arrange orderly; a sieve; to bolt, as flour.
暖 loán, warm.
內 lōe, within; inside.
落 lŏk, to descend; to come down; to fall.
​ 樂 lŏk, joy; glad; happy.
浪 lōng, the wave.
漏 lōr, lāu, to fall or let; fall off; to leak out.
奴 lôr, nôr, a slave, a thrall.
路 lōr, a road, a path.
露 lōr, the dew.
女 lú, the daughters, a daughter.
雷 lûi, the thunder.
輪 lûn, a wheel with spokes; a wheel.
論 lūn, to discuss; to criticize.
馬 má, the horses; a horse.
麻 mâ, the hemp trees.
買 mái, to buy.
彌 mi, bi, o-mi-tô, amida Buddha.
麵 miēn, thin flat strips of wheaten dough used like maccaroni.
毛 môr, hair; wool; trifle; a feather.
磨 môr, to grind; to sharpen.
那 ná, that; what? which? where?
賴 nāi, laī, to trust; to depend on.
我 ngór, I; me.
你 ní, you.
鳥 níau, the birds; a bird.
冤 oan, to oppress; to treat unjustly; an oppression.
遠 oán, far, remote.
​怨 oàn, to hate; to dislike; to abhor.
屋 ok, a house; a room in a house.
惡 ok, wicked; bad.
翁 ong, an old man; a gray beard.
豹 pà, the leopard.
敗 pāi, to ruin; to decay; to go to ruin.
班 pan, variegated; striped; the beauty.
棒 pāng, a short club; a large stick.
飽 páu, satiated; full.
百 pek, a hundred.
餅 péng, a cake.
柄 pèng, a handle.
平 pêng, usual; peaceful; tranquil.
病 pēng, sick; illness.
閉 pì, to close; to screen; to shut.
被 pī, to provide or prepare; to suffer.
邊 pien, side; boundary; an edge.
便 piēn, ready, readily.
別 piĕt. to part; to distinguish.
賓 pin, a stranger; a visitor; a customer,
貧 pîn, poor.
頻 pîn, continually; incessant.
必 pit, certainly; must be so.
鼻 pĭt, the nose.
​寶 pó, precious; treasure.
報 pò, to inform; to retaliate.
婆 pô, old woman; mother.
半 poàn, half.
盃 poe, a mug; a wine cup.
背 pōe, the back; the opposite of front or face.
北 pok, the north.
步 pōr, a pace; two steps.
哺 pōr; to give to eat, as a bird does; to feed.
本 pún, the root; the principal thing; origin.
不 put, not, will not.
怕 phà, phnà, to fear; to dread.
拋 phau, to fling; to throw, to cast off; to reject.
抱 phāu, to infold; to carry in the arms.
評 phêng, to discuss; to criticize a writing.
譬 phì, a comparison; for instance.
皮 phî, the skin.
偏 phien, a side; inclined to one side,
匹 phit, a mate; a match.
破 phò, to break; broken.
舖 phòr, a shop.
噴 phùn, to splash up or out; to spit.
沙 sa, sey, the sand.
山 san, the hill.
​殺 sat, to kill; to slay.
西 se, the west; western.
細 sè, fine; small; attentive; needful.
瑟 sek, a guitar.
色 sek, the colour.
塞 sek, to fill up; to press tightly.
昔 sek, old; formerly; ancient.
識 sek, to know; to understand.
石 sĕk, the stone.
生 seng, alive; to produce; raw.
笙 seng, a Pandean pipe or organ.
省 séng, to examine; a province.
聖 sèng, sacred.
性 sèng, nature; natural.
成 sêng, to accomplish; to complete.
施 si, to bestow grace or favour.
詩 si, the poetry, an ode.
絲 si, silk; raw silk.
世 sì, sè, the world; a generation; an age.
試 sì, to examine; to try.
時 sî, a period; a time, an hour.
是 sī, to be; is, are.
賒 sia, to buy on credit.
赦 sìa, to forgive, to pardon.
​斜 siâ, oblique, slanting.
邪 siâ, immoral; erroneous.
蛇 siâ, the snake.
麝 sia, the musk deer.
榭 siā, a terrace.
傷 siang, to wound; to hurt; a wound.
相 sìang, likeness; appearance.
上 siāng, above; upon.
小 síau, small, minute, diminutive.
少 síau, few; little; not much.
笑 sìau, chhìau, to laugh.
先 sien, before; previous.
扇 sìen, a fan.
善 sien, good, virtuous, excellent.
舌 siĕt, the tongue.
心 sim, the heart.
身 sin. the body.
信 sìn, to believe, to confide; true.
臣 sîn, a minister of state.
粟 siok, paddy.
熟 siŏk, ripe, mature, thoroughly boiled; acquainted.
失 sit, to lose.
食 sĭt, to eat.
實 sĭt, true; solid.
​首 síu, the head.
受 siū, to receive; to accept.
說 soat, to speak; to discourse; to explain.
歲 soè, the year, the age.
桑 song, mulberry tree.
霜 song, the frost.
喪 song, mourning; funeral.
送 sòng, to accompany on leaving; to make a present.
疎 sor, not related; distant.
瘦 sór, lean; thin.
所 sór, sé, that which; he who; a place.
師 su, the teacher.
思 su, to think.
私 su, secret; private.
須 su, to need; to be in want of.
書 su, a book; a writing; to write.
死 sú, death; to die.
賜 sù, to bestow.
似 sū, like; similar.
事 sū, affairs; business.
樹 sū, the trees; a tree.
雖 sui, although.
水 súi, the water,
睡 sùi, to sleep.
​隨 sûi, to follow.
誰 sûi, who.
瑞 sūi, a happy omen; auspicious.
孫 sun, the grandsons; a grandson
損 sún, to injure.
順 sūn, to follow; to accord; to comply with.
大 tāi, great.
代 tāi, a reign; a dynasty, a generation.
但 tān, but; only.
地 tè, the earth.
弟 tē, younger brother.
得 tek, to obtain; to get.
德 tek, virtue; moral conduct.
滴 tek, a drop; to drop.
丁 teng, a cyclical character; a man’s name.
等 téng, téng-hân, ordinary.
程 têng, an order; a series; a minute measure.
庭 têng, an open space before a door; a court; a hall.
呈 têng, to offer; to state to a superior.
知 ti, to know; to apprehend.
底 tí, the bottom.
智 tì, the wit; the knowledge.
置 tì, to place; to set; to purchase; to acquire.
治 tī, to govern; to rule; to heal.
​值 ti, to meet with; to value.
點 tiám, a small drop; a dot.
店 tiàm, a shop.
長 tiâng, tiông, long.
丈 tiāng, tiōng, an elder; one worthy of respect; to measure.
條 tiâu, a branch; anything long and slender.
朝 tiâu, a dynasty; to have audience.
兆 tiāu, an omen.
展 tíen, to stretch out; to open out.
田 tîen, an irrigated field.
沉 tim, to sink in the water.
珍 tin, precious.
塵 tîn, the dust.
着 tiŏk, chiăk, fixed; settled; right.
中 tiong, middle.
腸 tîong, chhiâng, the bowels.
重 tiōng, heavy.
直 tĭt, straight; upright.
多 to, many; much.
刀 to, the knife.
到 tò, to arrive at; to come to; to attain.
陀 tô, O-bî-tô-hút or amida Buddha.
淘 tô, to scour; to wash out; to stir about.
道 tō, a way; a road; to speak.
​斷 toàn, to judge; to decide.
奪 toăt, to take away forcibly; to plunder.
濁 tŏk, dirty; muddy; impure; vicious.
當 tong, to bear; to sustain; ought.
東 tong, the east.
同 tông, united; alike; together.
都 tor, a metropolis.
妬 tòr, to envy; to be jealous.
追 tui, to pursue; to chase.
他 tha, thna, he; she; it; that.
太 thaì, too; very; excessive.
泰 thaì, large; exalted; honorable.
待 thāi, to wait; to treat.
貪 tham, to covet; covetous; greedy.
體 thé, the body; a substance.
啼 thî, to crow, as a cock; to bewail with sobs and cries.
添 thiam, to add; to increase.
天 thien, heaven; providence; God. (because （一+大）.
蟲 thîong, a reptile; an insect.
桃 thô, a peach tree or fruit.
偷 thor, to steal.
吐 thòr, to vomit; to emit.
頭 thôr, thiû, the head.
​傳 thôan, to transmit, to hand down; to propagate.
讀 thŏk, to read aloud; to study.
痛 thòng, pain; distressed.
槌 thûi, a stick; a pestle.
污 u, dirty; depraved; to defile.
雨 ú, the rain.
與 ú, í, with; to give.
餘 û, î, surplus; remainder.
畏 ùi, to fear; to dread.
爲 ûi, to be; to do; to act.
欝 ut, to bend.

## Errata.

| 46. | For | liân read liâu. |
| 47. | | autumm read autumn. th’tlme read th’time. |
| 52. | | surly care read earthly care. |
| 56. | | you dress, read your dress. |
| 57, | No. 87. | For husbands’ read husband’s. |
| 63, | 149. | mens’ hatred read men’s hatred. |