OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Webster, Ebenezer

Edition of 1879. See also Ebenezer Webster on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WEBSTER. I. Ebenezer, an American patriot, father of Daniel Webster, born in Kingston, N. H., in 1739, died in Salisbury (now Franklin), N. H., in 1806. He served under Gen. Amherst in the “old French war,” and in 1761 was one of the original settlers of that part of the town of Salisbury now known as Franklin, then the northernmost New England settlement. He was a farmer and innkeeper, and at the outbreak of the revolution led the Salisbury militia to Cambridge. Subsequently he fought at White Plains and Bennington, was at West Point during the treason of Arnold, and served in other campaigns until the close of the war, when he had attained the rank of colonel of militia. He was at various times a member of one or the other branch of the legislature, and from 1791 till his death was judge of the court of common pleas of Hillsborough co. II. Ezekiel, eldest son of the preceding by his second wife, born in Salisbury, March 11, 1780, died in Concord, April 10, 1829. He graduated at Dartmouth college in 1804, studied law, and rose to eminence in his profession. He also served in the state legislature. He died instantaneously of disease of the heart while trying a cause in Concord.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Werner, Abraham Gottlob

Edition of 1879. See also Abraham Gottlob Werner on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WERNER, Abraham Gottlob, a German mineralogist, born at Wehrau, Upper Lusatia, Sept. 25, 1750, died in Dresden, June 30, 1817. He completed his studies at Freiberg and Leipsic, and from 1775 till his death was professor of mineralogy and geology at the Freiberg mining academy. He was early regarded as the first mineralogist of his time, and his lectures were attended by great numbers of students from all parts of Europe. He opened separate courses for various branches of study, and in 1785 one relating to geology, which he was the first to raise to the importance of a science by pointing out its application to the practical purposes of mining. As early as 1774 he had published Von den äusserlichen Kennzeichen der Fossilien (translated into French by Mme. Guyton de Morveau, Paris, 1790; into English by Weaver with notes, Wernerian society, Edinburgh, 1849-'50), which, though only a brief essay, was said by Cuvier to have revolutionized mineralogy by giving precision to the terminology and classification of that science. (See Mineralogy, vol. xi., p. 589.) His principles were widely disseminated by his pupils, among whom
were Karsten and Robert Jameson, the latter of whom about 1845 established at Edinburgh the Wernerian society. Antagonistic views on certain points were advocated by his contemporary Dr. Hutton of Edinburgh, and geologists were long divided into the Wernerian and Huttonian parties. (See Geology, vol. vii., pp. 688, 689.) He was never married. His few works include Kurze Classification und Beschreibung der Gebirgsarten (Dresden, 1787), and his celebrated Neue Theorie über Entstehung der Gänge (Freiberg, 1791; translated into French by Daubuisson, Paris, 1803; into English by Charles Anderson, “New Theory of the Formation of Veins, with its Application to the Art of Working Mines,” Edinburgh, 1809). His collection and manuscripts came into the possession of the Freiberg academy. Cuvier's eulogy of him is included in his Éloges historiques, edited by Flourens (Paris, 1860). Sketches of his life have been written in German by Frisch (Leipsic, 1825), in Italian by Configliachi (Padua, 1827), and in English by Sir William Jardine for the “Naturalist's Library” (Edinburgh, 1837).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Waterville

Edition of 1879. See also Waterville, Maine on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WATERVILLE, a town of Kennebec co., Maine, on the W. bank of the Kennebec river, at Ticonic falls, and on the Maine Central railroad, 18 m. N. N. E. of Augusta; pop. in 1870, 4,852. It was divided in 1873, and in 1876 contained about 4,000 inhabitants. The falls afford a large water power, which is only partially used. The town contains the machine shops of the railroad company, a cotton factory of 30,000 spindles, two saw mills, a tannery, a shovel-handle factory, a flour mill, a shirt factory, and one manufactory each of doors, sash, and blinds, of furniture, of machinery and castings, and of boot shanks. There are four national banks, one savings bank, a weekly newspaper, seven public schools, and six churches. Waterville is the seat of Colby university, under the control of the Baptists; it was established as a literary and theological institution in 1813, and incorporated as Waterville college in 1821, and as Colby university in 1867. There are five fine college buildings. The regular course is similar to the ordinary four years' course of American colleges, but select courses may be pursued. The university library contains about 12,600 volumes, and the literary fraternity has a library of about 1,500. In 1875-'6 there were 8 professors and 91 students, of whom 8 were females. The Waterville classical institute is conducted as a preparatory department.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wergeland, Henrik Arnold

Edition of 1879. See also Henrik Wergeland on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WERGELAND, Henrik Arnold, a Norwegian poet, born in Christiansand, June 17, 1808, died in Christiania, Aug. 12, 1845. He became director of the university library in Christiania, and in 1840 of the national archives. He was for a long time the most popular dramatic and especially lyric poet of Norway, but had many controversies with Welhaven and other opponents of his provincialism. He zealously advocated the rights of the Jews. His collected works are in 9 vols. (Christiania, 1852-'7). Select editions appeared in 1846 and 1859, and his biography by Lassen in 1867.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Werner, Karl

Edition of 1879. See also Carl Werner on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WERNER, Karl, a German painter, born in Weimar, Oct. 4, 1808. He studied in Leipsic and Munich, resided chiefly in Rome from 1833
to 1853, in 1857 explored Spain, and in 1862 and 1867 the East. He excels in water-colors. His works include “Venice in her Zenith and Decline,” “The Ducal Palace, with a Scene from the Merchant of Venice,” “The Triumphal Procession of Doge Cantarini” (5 ft. high), “The Zisa Hall in Palermo,” “The Lions' Court of the Alhambra,” and “Jerusalem and the Holy Land,” the last comprising 30 designs, published with text and colored plates (London, 1866-7).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias

Edition of 1879. See also Zacharias Werner on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WERNER, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias, a German dramatist, born in Königsberg, Nov. 18, 1768, died in Vienna, Jan. 18, 1823. He studied under Kant, held a civil office in Warsaw, and relinquished one in Berlin in order to travel. He met Goethe at Weimar and Mme. de Staël at Coppet, joined the Catholic church at Rome in 1811, and became a priest in Vienna. His Der vierundzwanzigste Februar (translated into French by Jules Lacroix, Paris, 1849), thus entitled because his mother and an intimate friend died on that day, introduced the era of the so-called tragedies of fate. Several of his dramatic poems were designed to evangelize freemasonry; most of them have been collected in 6 vols. (Vienna, 1817-'18), and his complete works, including sacred poems and sermons, in 14 vols., with his biography by Schütz (Grimma, 1839-'41).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wermland

Edition of 1879. See also Värmland on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WERMLAND, a S. W. län of Sweden, in Svealand, bordering on Norway, and including Lake Wener in the south; area, 6,520 sq. m.; pop. in 1874, 265,027. Its capital, Carlstad, is situated on an island near the N. E. shore of Lake Wener. The lake has an area of about 2,000 sq. m., and, excepting Ladoga and Onega in Russia, is the largest lake in Europe. Its main affluent is the Klar, and among the finest mountains on its shores is the Kinnekulle, about 1,000 ft. high. Wermland is generally mountainous, and is richer in iron mines than any other part of Sweden, the principal being at Presberg. The drainage of the mining regions runs into Lake Wener.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coan, Titus Munson

​COAN, Titus Munson, surgeon and editor, was born in Hilo, Hawaii. Sept. 27, 1836; the eldest son of Titus and Fidelia (Church) Coan. Educated at Punahou and the Royal school in Honolulu, he was at Yale college, 1856-57, graduated at Williams college in 1859, and took his medical degree at the New York college of physicians and surgeons in 1861. In that and the following year he served in the New York hospitals; then in the civil war as acting assistant surgeon in the U.S. army in 1863, and was commissioned as acting assistant surgeon in the U.S. navy, serving 1863-65. He was attached to the West gulf squadron under Farragut and took part in the battle of Mobile Bay and other engagements. In December, 1865, he resigned from the navy, resuming the practice of medicine in New York city. He became known by many critical and medical essays published in the leading magazines. He was one of the founders of the Author's guild for the promotion of the interests of literary people and a member of the leading literary and social clubs. In 1880 he founded the New York bureau of revision, of which he became the director. His published works include Ounces of Prevention (1885), and a Universal Gazetteer, published with Webster's International Dictionary (1885). He edited Topics of the Times (6 vols., 1883).
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coates, George Morrison

​COATES, George Morrison, merchant, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 20, 1817; son of George Morrison and Rebecca (Hornor) Coates; grandson of Josiah Langdale and Mary (Morrison) Coates; and great^ grandson of both Thomas Coates, who emigrated from Leicestershire, England, in 1683, and John Hornor, who came from Yorkshire in the ship Providence in the same-year, landing at Burlington, N.J., where he bought property and settled. George was educated at the best private classical schools of his native city, and received a mercantile training. He was established by his father in a business in woolen cloths in 1838, in which he continued until 1859. He subsequently engaged in the wool business in partnership with his brother Benjamin. In 1869 both brothers became special partners with the son of George Morrison Coates in the book publishing house of Porter & Coates. Mr. Coates was for eleven years director of the Pennsylvania railroad company representing the stock held by the city of Philadelphia, and which was subsequently sold by his advice, his conviction being that the municipality ought not to be so closely allied with any corporation. In politics he was originally a Whig and afterward became a Republican. He was an early member of the Union League club of Philadelphia, and served that city for many years as a member of the board of health. In 1864 he was a Republican presidential elector and in 1868 headed the ticket as elector-at-large for Grant and Colfax, and in 1872 for Grant and Wilson. In 1840 he was married to Anna, daughter of Henry Troth, a native of Maryland and a prominent citizen of Philadelphia. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 21, 1893.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coates, Benjamin

​COATES, Benjamin, philanthropist, was born in Philadelphia. Pa., Feb. 16, 1808; eldest son of George Morrison and Rebecca (Hornor) Coates and a brother of George Morrison Coates, merchant. He engaged in the dry goods business and subsequently in partnership with his brother, in the wool business in Philadelphia, in which, and by inheritance, he acquired a fortune. He was for a time a special partner in the book publishing firm of Porter & Coates. He was one of ​the founders of, and a life-long associate in the Union benevolent association and in the Penn mutual life insurance company of Philadelphia, and was interested in various charitable organizations. He was vice-president of the Pennsylvania state abolition society, was connected with the Colonization society, and was one of the projectors of the republic of Liberia. It was due partly to his efforts that Liberia was recognized as an independent government by Great Britain in 1848 and by the United States in 1861. After emancipation in the United States he directed his attention to the establishment and support of schools for the freedmen and Indians. He retired from active participation in mercantile life about 1872. He was throughout life a consistent member of the Society of Friends. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., March 7, 1887.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Dabney, Julia Parker

​DABNEY, Julia Parker, author, was born in Fayal, Azores, Sept. 2, 1850; daughter of William H. and Marianne (Parker) Dabney; granddaughter of John Bass and Roxa (Lewis) Dabney and of Albert and Julia (Dabney) Parker, and a descendant from Robert and Elizabeth D'Aubigné, French Huguenots, who came to America early in the eighteenth century. Julia removed at an early age to Teneriffe, Canary Islands, where her father was U.S. consul, 1862-82. She was educated at home and studied art with several Spanish painters. In 1868 she studied in Boston under William M. Hunt and Helen M. Knowlton. In 1873 she removed to Boston, where she engaged in painting and later in sculpture. This was eventually laid aside in consequence of ill health. After some years of inactivity she gave her attention to literature, writing short stories and poems for the leading periodicals. Her published volumes include: Songs of Destiny (1898); and two novels: Little Daughter of the Sun (1896); and Poor Chola (1897), the subjects of both having been drawn from the picturesque island life.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coakley, George Washington

​COAKLEY, George Washington, educator, was born in St. Bartholomew, W.I., Feb. 22, 1814; son of Henry Coakley. He was graduated from Rutgers college, A.B., in 1836, and studied at the General theological seminary, New York, in the class of 1843. He was professor of mathematics and astronomy in St. James college, Md., 1840-60; professor of mathematics, natural philosophy and astronomy in the University of the city of New York, 1860-84, and of mathematics and astronomy, 1884-93. He received the degree of LL.D. from Rutgers in 1856. He was married Sept. 14, 1861, to Isabella Hoe, daughter of Cornelius Godfrey, and made his home in Brooklyn, N.Y. He was a member of the Brooklyn astronomical society and author of Tidal Theory of the Forms of Comets (1860); and papers on astronomical subjects in the Siderial Messenger, Astronomy ​and Astro-Physics, and Proceedings of the Astronomical society from 1885 to 1892. He died in Brooklyn. N.Y., Aug. 2, 1893.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coan, Titus

​COAN, Titus, missionary, was born in Killingworth. Conn., Feb. 1, 1801; son of Gaylord and Tamza (Nettleton) Coan, grandson of Mulford Coan. and a descendant of George Coan, the first ancestor in America. His earlier years were spent in teaching, with experiments in business and in the militia's service as 1st lieutenant, but resolving finally upon the ministry he went to Auburn theological seminary in 1831. Thence in 1833 he went to southern Patagonia with one companion, Mr. Arms, to make explorations with a view to the establishment of a mission. After a residence of some months among the ferocious savages of the west coast he narrowly escaped with his life, being rescued by a passing vessel, and landed in New London, Conn., May 7, 1834. On Nov. 3, 1834, he was married to Fidelia Church of Churchville, N.Y., and embarked with his bride on December 5, as missionary to the Hawaiian islands. They reached Hilo, July 21. 1835, and within three months after his arrival Mr. Coan began preaching in the native language, sometimes four times a day in as many different places. His ardor and kindliness won the deep affection of the natives; he was pastor, physician, teacher, and counselor in one; and his labors met with wonderful, perhaps unparalleled success. From 1835 to 1882 he received more than 13,000 persons into his church: each one of this multitude only after personal examination of a sufficiently long continued "probation" to give him confidence in the reality of "conversion." He preached regularly in the large native church at Hilo, and to a congregation of foreigners as well ; he visited at frequent intervals, and on foot, all the villages and hamlets throughout the districts of Hilo and Puna, a coast line of 100 miles; he knew all of his people personally, kept registers of them and examined, instructed and disciplined the church members. In his tireless labors he was ably seconded by his wife. Fidelia Church Coan was a woman of extraordinary devotion and charm, and to her sacrifices no small part of Titus Coan's success was due. Her strength gave way under the strain of domestic and missionary labors combined, and she died at Hilo, Sept. 29, 1872. In 1860 and again in 1867 Mr. Coan visited the missions in the Marquesas islands; and in 1870, with his wife, the devoted missionary made a visit to the United States after a continuous absence of thirty-six years, returning to Hilo to end his days. In Hawaii "he saw a great population turned from darkness to light, a great part of it following his own blameless and loving Life for an example, and very many living to old age steadfast and zealous Christians." Titus Coan was not only one of the greatest missionaries that the world has known, but an ardent scientific observer. The main part of the existing data on the Hawaiian volcanoes came from his pen and was published in the American Journal of Science and elsewhere during many years. He wrote Adventures in Patagonia (1880) ; Life in Hawaii (1881); and made numerous contributions to scientific and religious periodicals. His death occurred at Hilo, Hawaii. Dec. 1, 1882.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Coates, Reynell

​COATES, Reynell, scientist, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 10, 1802; son of Samuel and Amy (Hornor) Coates, and grandson of Samuel and Mary (Langdale) Coates. He early became proficient in mathematics and the languages, and studied medicine and surgery at the Pennsylvania hospital, where at the age of fifteen he was entered as an "apprentice" under Dr. Benjamin Rush. He was graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1823, and became resident physician at the hospital. The same year he went to India as surgeon of a vessel, and made an extended entomological tour. In 1829 he accepted the chair of natural sciences in Allegheny college. Joining the U.S. navy as surgeon, he made during a cruise a collection that furnished the material for a large volume. He was a member of the scientific corps of the first South Sea expedition under Commodore Jones in 1835-36, and had charge of the department of comparative anatomy, but left the service on the return of the expedition. He was the author of the national address of the Native American party in 1844, and the originator of the patriotic order, Sons of America, Dec. 10, 1847, and wrote its ritual. In the national election of 1852 he was the candidate of the Native American party for vice-president of the United States, Daniel Webster being on the ticket for president. He was married in 1837 to Margaretta, daughter of William Abbott of New Jersey, and his only child died in infancy. Dr. Coates contributed voluminously to various medical and scientific journals, many of them being translated into the French, German, Spanish and Italian languages. He was the editor of Graham's Magazine and contributed to the other literary journals of the time, both in prose and in verse. Of his poems The Gambler's Wife, Christian Charity and The Drunkard's Child were best known. He published Physiology for Schools (1840)—the first work of its kind—and Natural Philosophy for Schools (1845); besides other works. He died in Camden, N.J., April 27, 1886.
# The American Rescue Plan Passed – Now What?

Published 2021-03-10. Also linked to a web form at https://www.whitehouse.gov/american-rescue-plan/share-your-story/ to share stories related to how the legislation could help individual Americans
HOW WORKING AMERICANS WILL RECEIVE THEIR DIRECT PAYMENTS
The House and Senate have passed the American Rescue Plan and President Biden looks forward to signing it into law this week.
The Treasury and IRS are working to ensure that we will be able to start getting payments out this month. And the IRS and Bureau of the Fiscal Service are building on lessons learned from previous rounds of payments to increase the number of households that will get electronic payments, which are substantially faster than checks.
Here’s an overview of what the American people need to know about the direct payments in the American Rescue Plan:
* For households who have already filed their income tax return for 2020, the IRS will use that information to determine eligibility and size of payments.
* For households that haven’t yet filed for 2020, the IRS will review records from 2019 to determine eligibility and size of payment. That includes those who used the “non-filer portal” for previous rounds of payments.
* For tax returns with direct deposit or bank account information, the IRS will be able to send money electronically. For those households for which Treasury cannot determine a bank account, paper checks or debit cards will be sent.
Here’s an example of what direct payments passed in the American Rescue Plan mean for a typical family of four – with parents making $75,000 a year combined, and with kids in school aged 8 and 5:
* Because of the President’s American Rescue Plan, that family of four will soon be getting $5,600 in direct payments, $1,400 for each parent and child.
* Because of the expanded Child Tax Credit, they will also get $2,600 more in tax credits than before.
That’s $8,200 more in the pockets of this family as they try to weather this storm – on top of additional money in this bill to reopen schools safely, get shots in arms faster, and help those who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# The American Register

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* The American Register (1807-1811), formerly the Literary Magazine and American Register
* The American Register (1817)
# The American Register (1817)

The American Register is a periodical, published in 1817.
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This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
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