# Trade Act of 1974

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An Act To promote the development of an open, nondiscriminatory, and fair world economic system, to stimulate fair and free competition between the United States and foreign nations, to foster the economic growth of, and full employment in, the United States, and for other purposes.
    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

### SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    That this Act, with the following table of contents, may be cited as the ``Trade Act of 1974´´.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1—Rates of Duty and Other Trade Barriers
    Sec. 101. Basic authority for trade agreements.
    Sec. 102. Nontariff barriers to and other distortions of trade.
    Sec. 103. Overall negotiating objective.
    Sec. 104. Sector negotiating objective.
    Sec. 105. Bilateral trade agreements.
    Sec. 106. Agreements with developing countries.
    Sec. 107. International safeguard procedures.
    Sec. 108. Access to supplies.
    Sec. 109. Staging requirements and rounding authority.
Chapter 2—Other Authority
    Sec. 121. Steps to be taken toward GATT revision; authorization of appropriations for GATT.
    Sec. 122. Balance-of-payments authority.
    Sec. 123. Compensation authority.
    Sec. 124. Two-year residual authority to negotiate duties.
    Sec. 125. Termination and withdrawal authority.
    Sec. 126. Reciprocal nondiscriminating treatment.
    Sec. 127. Reservation of articles for national security or other reasons.
Chapter 3—Hearings and Advice Concerning Negotiations
    Sec. 131. International Trade Commission advice.
    Sec. 132. Advice from departments and other sources.
    Sec. 133. Public hearings.
    Sec. 134. Prerequisites for offers.
    Sec. 135. Advice from private sector.
Chapter 4—Office of the Special Representative for Trade Negotiations
    Sec. 141. Office of the Special Representative for Trade Negotiations.
Chapter 5—Congressional Procedures with Respect to Presidential Actions
    Sec. 151. Bills implementing trade agreements on nontariff barriers and resolutions approving commercial agreements with Communist countries.
    Sec. 152. Resolutions disapproving certain actions.
    Sec. 153. Resolutions relating to extension of waiver authority under Section 402.
    Sec. 154. Special rules relating to congressional procedures.
Chapter 6—Congressional Liason and Reports
    Sec. 161. Congressional delegates to negotiations.
    Sec. 162. Transmission of agreements to Congress.
    Sec. 163. Reports.
Chapter 7—United States International Trade Commission
    Sec. 171. Change of name of Tariff Commission.
    Sec. 172. Organization of the Commission.
    Sec. 173. Voting record of commissioners.
    Sec. 174. Representation in court proceedings.
    Sec. 175. Independent budget and authorization of appropriations.
Chapter 1—Import Relief
    Sec. 201. Investigation by International Trade Commission.
    Sec. 202. Presidential action after investigations.
    Sec. 203. Import relief.
Chapter 2—Adjustment Assistance for Workers
Subchapter A—Petitions and Determinations
    Sec. 221. Petitions.
    Sec. 222. Group eligibility requirements.
    Sec. 223. Determinations by Secretary of Labor.
    Sec. 224. Study by Secretary of Labor when International Trade Commission begins investigation; action where there is affirmative finding.
Subchapter B—Program Benefits
part i—trade readjustment allowances
    Sec. 231. Qualifying requirements for workers.
    Sec. 232. Weekly amounts.
    Sec. 233. Time limitations on trade readjustment allowances.
    Sec. 234. Application of State laws.
part ii—training and related services
    Sec. 235. Employment services.
    Sec. 236. Training.
part iii—job search and relocation allowances
    Sec. 237. Job search allowances.
    Sec. 238. Relocation allowances.
Subchapter C—General Provisions
    Sec. 239. Agreements with States.
    Sec. 240. Administration absent State agreement.
    Sec. 241. Payments to States.
    Sec. 242. Liabilities of certifying and disbursing officers.
    Sec. 243. Recovery of overpayments.
    Sec. 244. Penalties.
    Sec. 245. Creation of trust fund; authorization of appropriations out of customs receipts.
    Sec. 246. Transitional provisions.
    Sec. 247. Definitions.
    Sec. 248. Regulations.
    Sec. 249. Subpena power.
    Sec. 250. Judicial review.
Chapter 3—Adjustment Assistance for Firms
    Sec. 251. Petitions and determinations.
    Sec. 252. Approval of adjustment proposals.
    Sec. 253. Technical assistance.
    Sec. 254. Financial assistance.
    Sec. 255. Conditions for financial assistance.
    Sec. 256. Delegation of functions to Small Business Administration; authorization of appropriations.
    Sec. 257. Administration of financial assistance.
    Sec. 258. Protective provisions.
    Sec. 259. Penalties.
    Sec. 260. Suits.
    Sec. 261. Definitions.
    Sec. 262. Regulations.
    Sec. 263. Transitional provisions.
    Sec. 264. Study by Secretary of Commerce when International Trade Commission begins investigation; action where there is affirmative finding.
Chapter 4—Adjustment Assistance for Communities
    Sec. 271. Petitions and determinations.
    Sec. 272. Trade impacted area councils.
    Sec. 273. Program benefits.
    Sec. 274. Community adjustment assistance fund and authorization of appropriations.
Chapter 5—Miscellaneous Provisions
    Sec. 280. General Accounting Office report.
    Sec. 281. Coordination.
    Sec. 282. Trade monitoring system.
    Sec. 283. Firms relocating in foreign countries.
    Sec. 284. Effective date.
TITLE III—RELIEF FROM UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES
Chapter 1—Foreign Import Restrictions and Export Subsidies
    Sec. 301. Responses to certain trade practices of foreign governments.
    Sec. 302. Procedure for congressional disapproval of certain actions taken under section 301.
Chapter 2—Antidumping Duties
    Sec. 321. Amendments to the Antidumping Act of 1921.
Chapter 3—Countervailing Duties
    Sec. 331. Amendments to sections 303 and 516 of the Tariff Act of 1930.
Chapter 4—Unfair Import Practices
    Sec. 341. Amendment to section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930.
TITLE IV—TRADE RELATIONS WITH COUNTRIES NOT CURRENTLY RECEIVING NONDISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT
    Sec. 401. Exception of the products of certain countries or areas.
    Sec. 402. Freedom of emigration in East-West trade.
    Sec. 403. United States personnel missing in action in Southeast Asia.
    Sec. 404. Extension of nondiscriminatory treatment.
    Sec. 405. Authority to enter into commercial agreements.
    Sec. 400. Market disruption.
    Sec. 407. Procedure for congressional approval or disapproval of extension of nondiscriminatory treatment and Presidential reports.
    Sec. 408. Payment by Czechoslovakia of amounts owed United States citizens and nationals.
    Sec. 409. Freedom to emigrate to join a very close relative in the United States.
    Sec. 410. East-West Trade Statistics Monitoring System.
    Sec. 411. East-West Foreign Trade Board.
TITLE V—GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES
    Sec. 501. Authority to extend preferences.
    Sec. 502. Beneficiary developing country.
    Sec. 503. Eligible articles.
    Sec. 504. Limitations on preferential treatment.
    Sec. 505. Time limit on title; comprehensive review.
TITLE VI—GENERAL PROVISIONS
    Sec. 601. Definitions.
    Sec. 602. Relation to other laws.
    Sec. 603. International Trade Commission.
    Sec. 604. Consequential changes in the Tariff Schedules.
    Sec. 605. Separability.
    Sec. 606. International drug control.
    Sec. 607. Voluntary limitations on exports of steel to the United States.
    Sec. 608. Uniform statistical data on imports, exports, and production.
    Sec. 609. Submission of statistical data on imports and exports.
    Sec. 610. Gifts sent from insular possessions.
    Sec. 611. Review of protests in import surcharge cases.
    Sec. 612. Trade relations with Canada.
    Sec. 613. Limitation on credit to Russia.
    The purposes of this Act are, through trade agreements affording mutual benefits—
          (1) to foster the economic growth of and full employment in the United States and to strengthen economic relations between the United States and foreign countries through open and nondiscriminatory world trade;
          (2) to harmonize, reduce, and eliminate barriers to trade on a basis which assures substantially equivalent competitive opportunities for the commerce of the United States;
          (3) to establish fairness and equity in international trading relations, including reform of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade;
          (4) to provide adequate procedures to safeguard American industry and labor against unfair or injurious import competition, and to assist industries, firm, workers, and communities to adjust to changes in international trade flows;
          (5) to open up market opportunities for United States commerce in nonmarket economies; and
          (6) to provide fair and reasonable access to products of less developed countries in the United States market.
Approved January 3, 1975.

## Notes

* ↑ Section 1. was not designated in the original text and has been added here strictly for editorial purposes only. In the orginal text, the Act's Short Title citation was given immediately after the Enacting Clause and before the Table of Contents began as below: Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act, with the following table of contents, may be cited as the ``Trade Act of 1974´´.

## Legislative History

* H.R. 10710
   * HOUSE REPORTS:
   ** No. 93-571 (Comm. on Ways and Means)
   ** No. 93-1644 (Comm. of Conference)
   * SENATE REPORTS:
   ** No. 93-1298 (Comm. on Finance)
   * CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 119 (1973):
   ** Dec. 10, 11, considered and passed House.
   * CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 120 (1974):
   ** Dec. 5, 11-13, considered and passed Senate, amended.
   ** Dec. 20, House and Senate agreed to conference report.
   * WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 11, No. 1 (1975):
   ** Jan. 3, Presidential statement.
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