OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The National Idea in Italian Literature/Front matter

MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY LECTURES.
No. XXII.
THE NATIONAL IDEA IN ITALIAN LITERATURE.
Published by the University of Manchester at THE UNIVERSITY PRESS (H. M. McKechnie, M.A.. Secretary). 12, Lime Grove. Oxford Road, MANCHESTER.
LONGMANS. GREEN & CO., London: 39, Paternoster Row, E.C.4. New York: Fourth Avenue and Thirtieth Street. Bombay: 336, Hornby Road. Calcutta: 6, Old Court House Street. Madras: 167, Mount Road.
THE NATIONAL IDEA IN ITALIAN LITERATURE
BY
EDMUND G. GARDNER, M.A., Litt.D.,
Professor of Italian Studies in the University of Manchester.
MANCHESTER AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONGMANS, GREEN & CO. LONDON, NEW YORK, BOMBAY, ETC. 1921.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rottmann, Karl

Edition of 1905. See also Carl Rottmann on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROTTMANN, rṓt'mȧn, Karl (1798-1850). A noted German landscape painter, born at Handschuhsheim, near Heidelberg. He formed himself chiefly through the study of nature and of great masterworks, and after gaining prominence by “Heidelberg at Sunset” (water color), and “Castle Eltz,” he settled in Munich (1822), devoting himself to Bavarian scenery. His success in characterizing the main features of a landscape, and producing ideal effects in line and color, created a new epoch in landscape painting. During his travels in Italy (1826-28) he made sketches for the 28 Italian landscapes in fresco which he was commissioned to paint in the arcades of the Hofgarten at Munich (1829-33) and which constitute Rottmann's most sterling work, but unfortunately deteriorated under climatic influences. The cartoons for them are in the Darmstadt Gallery. In 1834-35 he was in Greece, and the results of this journey were 23 Greek landscapes, which were placed in a special room in the New Pinakothek, Munich. Of his easel pictures “Ammer Lake” and “Marathon” are in the National Gallery, Berlin; “The Acropolis of Sikyon” and “Corfu” in the Pinakothek, Munich; others in the Schack Gallery, Munich, and in Karlsruhe; and seven in the Leipzig Museum. Consult: Pecht, Deutsche Künstler, ii. (Nördlingen, 1879); and Regnet, in Dohme, Kunst und Künstler, iv. (Leipzig, 1885).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowlandson, Mary

Edition of 1905. See also Mary Rowlandson on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROWLANDSON, rō'land-son, Mary. An English colonist of the seventeenth century, famous for one book. Her husband was Joseph Rowlandson, the first minister of Lancaster, Mass. On February 10, 1675, Lancaster was destroyed by the Indians, who carried off Mrs. Rowlandson and her children. After her release three months later appeared her book, called A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Rowlandson, a Minister's Wife in New England, Whereunto is Annexed a Sermon by
Joseph Rowlandson, her Husband. She tells of her sufferings by cold and hunger, of her child's death by cold, and of her sale by her Narraganset captor to an Indian chief. She was at last ransomed for about $80, a sum raised by several women of Boston. Her book went through various editions.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rottenhammer, Johann

Edition of 1905. See also Hans Rottenhammer on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROTTENHAMMER, rṓt'ten-häm'ẽr, Johann (1564-1623). A German historical painter, born at Munich. He was a pupil there of Hans Donauer from 1582 to 1590, studied afterwards in Venice after Tintoretto, went thence to Rome in 1605, and settled at Augsburg in 1607. His best pictures are those on a small scale, to be found in all the principal galleries of Europe. He supplied the figures in some of the landscapes of Jan Breughel and Paul Bril. A good example of his early style, in which he approaches Tintoretto, is the “Death of Adonis,” in the Louvre. Among his best works are those painted for Emperor Rudolph II., including a “Nativity” (1608), “Battle Between Centaurs and Lapithæ,” and four others, in the Vienna Museum.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Roty, Louis Oscar

Edition of 1905. See also Louis-Oscar Roty on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROTY, rṓ'tḗ', Louis Oscar (1846—). A French medalist and engraver, born in Paris. He was a pupil of Ponscarme and Dumont, and won the Prix de Rome in 1875. His subjects are treated with remarkable skill in obtaining the most delicate results. His portraits are also admirable. With Chapu, Degeorge, and Chaplin, he ranks as the greatest reviver of medallic art in France during the last century.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowlands, Samuel

Edition of 1905. See also Samuel Rowlands on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROWLANDS, rō'landz, Samuel (c.1570-?). An English author, who published about twenty-five famous pamphlets in prose and verse. Some are on religious themes, but most are satires on contemporary manners. The series began with The Betraying of Christ, a poem (1598), and closed with Heaven's Glory. Seeke it. Earth's Vanitie. Flye it. Helle's Horrour. Fere it (in verse and prose, 1628). Of his satirical work, a good specimen is The Letting of Humours Blood in the Head-Vaine (1600), a collection of satires and epigrams, assailing his contemporaries under fictitious names. To the same year belongs the similar A Mery Metinge, or 'tis Mery when Knaves mete. Both these pamphlets were burned by the authorities, and the publishers were fined for handling them. Martin Mark-all, Beadle of Bridewell (1610), is an excellent account of the rogues of the time. Consult the reprint of his Works, with an introduction by Gosse (Hunterian Club, Glasgow, 1872-1886). The introduction was reissued in Gosse's Seventeenth Century Studies (London, 1883).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowley, William

* related authors: William Rowley.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
Edition of 1905. See also William Rowley on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROWLEY, rou'lĭ, William (c.1585-c.1642). An English actor and dramatist about whom very little is known. He was connected with the Prince of Wales's company of actors, and collaborated on many plays with Middleton and other dramatists. He was a master of stage effect, and wrote with vigor. To him are assigned A New Wonder (1632); All's Lost by Lust (1633); A Match at Midnight (1633); and A Shoemaker a Gentleman (1638).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowley Poems

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
ROWLEY POEMS. See Chatterton, Thomas.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rouget de l'Isle, Claude Joseph

Edition of 1905. See also Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROUGET DE L'ISLE, rōō'zhắ' de lḗl, Claude Joseph (1760-1836). A French poet and composer. He was born at Lons-le-Saunier. It was at Strassburg on the night of April 24, 1792, that Rouget de l'Isle, then a captain of engineers, wrote the immortal Marseillaise. (See article Marseillaise.) A few days later he was suspended from his rank because he refused to sanction the extreme measures of the Revolutionary Party. After a two months' exile in Alsace, he entered the army again as a volunteer under General Valance, who restored him to his former rank. During the Reign of Terror he was again proscribed, and was confined to the prison of Saint Germain-en-Laye, on being released from which after the fall of Robespierre, he composed the “Hymn of the Ninth Thermidor.” Later he served with Tallien's army, and was wounded at Quiberon, after which the Convention endeavored to atone for former injustice done him by giving him substantial promotion. In 1790 he abandoned military life and went to Paris to devote himself to poetry and music. In 1830 he was pensioned by Louis Philippe. His published works include: Chant des vengeances (1798); Chant du combat (1800); 50 Chants français (1825); and the libretti to a few operas.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowland, Henry Augustus

Edition of 1905. See also Henry Augustus Rowland on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROWLAND, rô'land, Henry Augustus (1848-1901). An American physicist, born at Honesdale, Pa. He studied civil engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, where he graduated in 1870. He became instructor at Wooster University, Ohio, and then instructor and afterwards assistant professor at Rensselaer Institute. He became (1876) professor of physics at Johns Hopkins University, a chair he occupied at the time of his death. Professor Rowland was one of the greatest physicists of the nineteenth century and had an international reputation. His determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat was one of his most important investigations. His determination of the ohm was likewise of great value; and his study of the magnetic
properties of iron led to entirely new conceptions of magnetism. His interest in spectroscopy led him to the discovery of the principle of the concave grating, and to the construction of a dividing engine provided with a screw of extreme accuracy and uniformity of pitch, by which gratings were prepared under his direction. Rowland not only made an eye study of the spectrum, but also applied photographic methods. He investigated the solar spectrum and the arc spectra of various elements, and carried on many researches in allied fields. His work on alternating currents and their application has also been of importance. One of his last investigations resulted in the development of a system of multiplex telegraphy based on the use of synchronous motors, for which he received a gold medal from the Paris Exhibition. Perhaps his most important discovery was that of the magnetic effect of electric convection, which has a wide-spread theoretical bearing upon electrical phenomena. At the time of his death Professor Rowland was the president of the American Physical Society, of which he was one of the founders. Some of his important researches are the following: On Magnetic Permeability (1873); On the Magnetic Permeability and Maximum Magnetisation of Nickel and Cobalt (1874); Studies on Magnetic Distribution (1875); On a Magnetic Effect of Electric Connection (1876); Research on the Absolute Unit of Electrical Resistance (1878); On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat (1880); On Concave Gratings for Optical Purposes (1883); and On the Relative Wave Lengths at the Lines of the Solar Spectrum (1886). His collected physical papers were published by the Johns Hopkins Press, 1902. To this collection there is prefixed a biographical sketch by Professor T. C. Mendenhall.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Rowlandson, Thomas

Edition of 1905. See also Thomas Rowlandson on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
ROWLANDSON, Thomas (1756-1827). An English artist and caricaturist, born in Old Jewry, London. He early displayed skill in caricature, was a student at the Royal Academy, and afterwards at a drawing-school in Paris, and set up in London as a portrait-artist. In 1777-81 he also exhibited landscapes and portraits with much success at the Royal Academy. In 1781 or thereabouts he assumed to greater extent the manner of caricature. He was known for his representations of Napoleon, but more particularly for his series, including the “Tours of Dr. Syntax” (1812, 1820, 1821), “The English Dance of Death” (1815-16), and “The Dance of Life” (1816), all with text by William Combe. His work was chiefly in pen-and-ink, lightly washed or retouched in water-colors. His humorous quality included the picturesque, for example in posting and driving scenes at the inn or on the highroad. In attempts along other lines he was unmistakably inferior. It has been frequently asserted that his technical merits and originality might well have entitled him to occupy a more serious place in the history of English art. Consult: Wright, History of Caricature and the Grotesque in Art (London, 1845)); and Grego, Rowlandson the Caricaturist (ib., 1880), with a detailed enumeration of the artist's works.
# The Moving Picture World/Volume 1/Number 1

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THE
Moving Picture World
AND VIEW PHOTOGRAPHER
The only Independent Weekly Journal published in the interests of Manufacturers and Operators of Animated Photographs and Cinematograph Projection, Illustrated Songs, Lantern Lectures and Lantern Slide Makers
PUBLISHED BY
THE WORLD PHOTOGRAPHIC PUBLISHING COMPANY, 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK
This is the first number of this paper. Do not miss its regular weekly visitations. Send $2.00 for a year's subscription to-day. Valuable articles every week and all the news of the Lantern Lecture Field and Moving Picture World.
Editorial
    An Excuse and a Defense
    Edison vs. American Mutoscope and Biograph Company
    The Cinematograph Shutter
    Illustrating Song Slides
A New Use for Moving Pictures Lantern Slide Making Trade Notes Film Chat
    Robert Macaire & Bertrand
    Fights of Nations
Correspondence
    A Long-Felt Want
    A Plea for Fair Treatment of the Operator
    An Operators' League, and Why?
The Buyers' Guide Lantern Slide Review
    "No One Knows How Much I Miss You"
    A New Set of 52 Slides Illustrating the Three Degrees of Freemasonry
Layout 1
# The Moving Picture World

U. S. film magazine; inception 1907
Content exists for this periodical, though at this stage it is not specifically organised beyond a basic hierarchy.
The pages listed below are an automatically generated listing.
Special:PrefixIndex/The Moving Picture World/
# The Moving Picture World/Volume 1/Number 1/"No One Knows How Much I Miss You"

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​"No One Knows How Much I Miss You."
Ballad. Words by Ed. Rose. Music by Theodore Morse. Copyright by F. B. Haviland Publishing Co., 125 West Thirty-seventh street, New York City.
    Slide 1. Interior, with loving couple seated on couch
    2. A lake side, with foliage, the same couple seated under a tree resting
    3. Interior hall of home, staircase with father, mother and little baby girl giving father good-night kiss.
    4. Interior, with couple looking out of window upon the moonlit scene.
    5. Country bridge over brook, with forlorn female listening pensively to singing birds.
    6. Couple coming down steps of country lane, a long vista of trees in the background.
    7. Garden scene with female bending over drooping flower bush, as though telling them her loneliness and seeking their sympathy.
    8. Same figure sitting alone in boat on edge of lake, listening as if in anticipation of one's coming.
    9. Brook scene with disconsolate woman sitting on stone at foot of tree.
    10. Loving couple advancing down country lane, foliage and flowers in full bloom.
    11. A magnificent bush of flowers in full bloom, drooping their heads.
    12. Lake scene with full foliage, boat in foreground, and couple rehearsing the old, old story.
    13. Lake side, foliage in background, woman seated on rock watching her own reflection in water at her feet.
    14. Garden scene, couple hand-in-hand, lady plucking flower.
    15. Lake and woodland scene, couple hand-in-hand, woman stooping and plucking flower from water's edge, man preventing her falling into water.
    16. Summer arbor with female sitting on rail lost in reverie.
    17. Title slide.
The above slides are manufactured by Scott & Van Altena, of New York. The posing is good, the models having entered into the spirit of the song, fully carrying out the thoughts and ideas expressed. The coloring is rich, natural, and artistic.
# The Moving Picture World/Volume 1/Number 1/A Long-Felt Want

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A LONG-FELT WANT.
Editors, Moving Picture World: For some time past, it has been patent that the trade actually required a medium through which its requirements could be made known, but that medium to be absolutely fearless and independent. Thus far no publication has been introduced, and it is, therefore, with great pleasure I hail the advent of The Moving Picture World and View Photographer and wish it Godspeed. If, as it has been reported, The Moving Picture World will be subject to no certain class (and I believe it will be all that is claimed for it), your success is assured.
The only regret I have at the present time is that you cannot discriminate between the legitimate and the illegitimate, and by that I mean, refuse to accept advertisements from those who do not originate, but who copy all that is good in machines and films and have the brazen audacity to claim that they are originators. However, that may come later on.
There are pirates in all branches of trade, and it could not be otherwise than that they have been introduced in this line; but I frankly believe that the public, to use a popular expression, is becoming wise to the fact, and the angel born every day, popularly designated under a more homely term, will be induced to make extended inquiries before he invests his money.
There are sufficient good machines and good pictures on the market to-day to supply the demand without going into the cheap imitations. These imitations appeal to the "cheap" class of showmen, who lose sight of the fact that, generally speaking, an article cheap in price is likewise cheap in quality, and this explains more eloquently than words why a machine breaks down during a performance, whether it is concert or Nickelodeon work, and the audience invariably condemns the operator, whereas they should condemn the proprietor, who, in order to save a few dollars, has bought a worthless article.
I hope in your editorials you will try to train a prospective purchaser of an outfit to buy a good article at a slight advance in price and thus save him the humiliation he will be subjected to if he buys an article merely because the catalogue is handsomely illustrated.
I wish you unbounded success, and remain,
Cordially yours,
Lewis M. Swaab.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kirchhoff, Adolf

Edition of 1905. See also Adolf Kirchhoff on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KIRCHHOFF, kḗrK'hṓf, Adolf (1826—). An eminent German classical philologist. He was born at Berlin, and has been professor in the university of his native city since 1865. Kirchhoff's scientific studies have covered a wide range in linguistics, antiquities, and Greek epigraphy. In each field his work has been distinguished. Of his very numerous publications the most important are: Umbrische Sprachdenkmäler (1849-51); Euripides (1855), the first critical edition based on a careful collation of all the manuscripts; Die Homerische Odyssee und ihre Entstehung (1859); Die Composition der Odyssee (1869); Studien zur Geschichte des griechischen Alphabets (4th ed. 1887), the most important work on the subject. His works further include
many monographs on Athenian financial administration, Greek literature, etc. He has edited Plotinus (1856); Æschylus (1880); Xenophon's Respublica Atheniensium (3d ed. 1889); etc. He was editor of the Christian inscriptions in the fourth volume of the Corpus Inscriptionum Græcarum (1859), and of the Corpus Inscriptionum Atticarum, vols. i. and iv. (Berlin, 1873—), and was an editor of Hermes (1866-81).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kirchhoff, Alfred

Edition of 1905. See also Alfred Kirchhoff on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KIRCHHOFF, Alfred (1838—). A German geographer and naturalist, born at Erfurt. He was educated at Jena and Bonn; from 1871 to 1873 was lecturer on geography at the Kriegsakademie of Berlin, and in the latter year was appointed to the chair of geography in the University of Halle. His writings include: Schulbotanik (1865); Pflanzen- und Tierverbreitung (1890); Menschen und Erde (1901); and, in collaboration with other scholars, Unser Wissen von der Erde (1886-93).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert

Edition of 1905. See also Gustav Kirchhoff on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KIRCHHOFF, Gustav Robert (1824-87). A German physicist, born at Königsberg. He studied natural philosophy and mathematics at the University of Königsberg. In 1850 he became professor of physics at Breslau, in 1854 at Heidelberg, and from 1875 until his death filled the chair of physics at the University of Berlin. His researches in thermodynamics and in several other branches of physical science have been of great value; but his principal achievement is the discovery, jointly with Bunsen, of the spectroscope. The discovery was perfected in 1859, and was published under the title, Untersuchnngen über das Sonnenspektrum und die Spektren der chemischen Elemente. Kirchhoff's Gesammelte Abhandlungen were published in 1882 and 1891.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kirchner, Theodor

Edition of 1905. See also Theodor Kirchner on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KIRCHNER, kḗrK'nẽr, Theodor (1824-1903). A German composer, born at Neukirchen, Saxony. From 1838 to 1842 he studied in Leipzig under J. Knorr (piano) and K. F. Becker (organ and theory). He subsequently was a pupil of J. Schneider in Dresden, and of the Leipzig Conservatory for a short time, becoming in 1843 organist at Winterthur. From 1862 to 1872 he was a teacher in the music school at Zurich, then became director of the Würzburg Conservatory (1873-75), and finally in 1890 settled in Hamburg. Schumann and Mendelssohn were his friends, and Kirchner was especially influenced by the former's music. His compositions are
mostly for the piano, and his preludes, caprices, and nocturnes are charming.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Klonówicz, Sebastian

Edition of 1905. See also Sebastian Klonowic on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KLONÓWICZ, klṓ-nō'vĭch, Sebastian (1545-1602). A Polish satirist, also called by the Latin name Acernus. He was born at Sulmierzyce, and studied at the University of Cracow. He lived at Lublin, where he was an official in the Jewish community. His wife was a drunken wanton, who brought his fortunes so low that he was forced to live his last years on the charity of the Jesuits, whom he had previously bitterly assailed. He wrote in Latin the attacks on the Jesuits already alluded to, a poem called Victoria Deorum, and the famous Roxolania, a satire on Russia, which might be ranked as a great national poem were it in the vernacular. His Latin poems were filled with Latinized Polish words, and on the other hand his Polish poems are often made unintelligible by the use of Latinisms and Hellenisms literally translated. The Polish poems include Worek Judaszów, in which he portrays the venality and avarice of the time; and Flis, a sketch of a fortnight's travel, with mythology and digressions rivaling Ausonius. Consult
Mierzynski, De Vita, Moribus, Scriptisque, Latinis S. F. Acerni (Berlin, 1857).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Klopp, Onno

Edition of 1905. See also Onno Klopp on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KLOPP, klŏp, Onno (1822-1903). A German historian, born in Leer, East Friesland. He studied at Bonn, Berlin, and Göttingen (1841-45), taught in the Osnabrück Gymnasium (1845-58), and became the confidential friend of King George V. of Hanover, whose exile in 1866 he shared. His dislike of the Prussians was intensified after he turned Roman Catholic (1873), and the Catholic spirit pervades his Geschichte Ostfrieslands (1854-58); König Friedrich II. von Preussen und die deutsche Nation (1860, 2d ed. 1867); Der König Friedrich II. von Preussen und seine Politik, and Tilly im Dreissigjährigen Kriege (1861); Der Fall des Hauses Stuart (14 vols., 1875-83); Das Jahr 1683 (1882); König Georg V. (1878); and Der Dreissigjährige Krieg bis zum Tode Gustav Adolfs, 1632 (1891-96). Klopp also edited the correspondence of Emperor Leopold I. with Father Marco d'Aviano (1888).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Kinnor

Edition of 1905. See also Kinnor on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
KIN'NOR (Heb. kinnor, harp, lyre). A musical instrument of the ancient Hebrews; similar to the zither or harp, and provided with 32 strings.