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# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/L

​L. George Mason to Beverley Randolph.
Philadelphia, June 30, 1787.
The Convention having resolved that none of their proceedings should be communicated during their sitting, puts it out of my power to give you any particular information upon the subject. Festina lente seems hitherto to have been our maxim. Things, however, are now drawing to that point on which some of the fundamental principles must be decided, and two or three days will probably enable us to judge—which is at present very doubtful—whether any sound and effectual system can be established or not. If it cannot, I presume we shall not continue here much longer; if it can, we shall probably be detained ’til September.
I feel myself disagreeably circumstanced in being the only member of the Assembly in the Virginia delegation, and, consequently, if any system shall be recommended by the Convention that the whole weight of explanation must fall upon me; and if I should be prevented by sickness or accident from attending the Assembly, that it will be difficult for the Assembly to obtain such information as may be necessary upon the subject, as I presume that in the progress through the legislature many questions may be asked and inquiries made, in which satisfactory information, from time to time, can hardly be given but by a member of the House in his place.
We have just received information here that Mr. Wythe has made a resignation, and does not intend to return. Under these circumstances I would beg leave to submit it to the consideration of the Executive, whether it might not be proper to fill the vacancy in the delegation, occasioned by Mr. Wythe’s resignation, with some member of the Assembly. Mr. Corbin being here, his appointment, if it shall be judged proper, would occasion little additional charge to the State, if the Convention should, unfortunately, break up without adopting any substantial system—that event will happen, I think—before the appointment can reach this place; if the Convention continues to proceed on the business, with a prospect of success, Mr. Corbin is on the spot; and I doubt it may be difficult to prevail ​on any member of the Assembly, now in Virginia, to come hither at this late stage of the business.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LI

​LI. George Washington to David Stuart.
Philadelphia July 1st. 1787.
Rhode Island, from our last Accts sill persevere in that impolitic—unjust—and one might add without much impropriety scandalous conduct, which seems to have marked all her public Councils of late;—Consequently, no Representation is yet here from thence. New Hampshire, tho’ Delegates have been appointed, is also unrepresented—various causes have been assigned—whether well, or ill founded I shall not take upon me to decide—The fact however is that they are not here. Political contests, and want of Money, are amidst the reasons assigned for the non attendance of the members.
As the rules of the Convention prevent me from relating any of the proceedings of it, and the gazettes contain more fully than I could detail other occurrances of public nature, I have little to communicate to you on the article of News. Happy indeed would it be if the Convention shall be able to recommend such a firm and permanent Government for this Union, as all who live under it may be secure in their lives, liberty and property, and thrice happy would it be, if such a recommendation should obtain. Every body wishes—every body expects some thing from the Convention—but what will be the final result of its deliberation, the book of fate must disclose—Persuaded I am that the primary cause of all our disorders lies in the different State Governments, and in the tenacity of that power which pervades the whole of their systems. Whilst independent sovereignty is so ardently contended for, whilst the local views of each State and seperate interests by which they are too much govern’d will not yield to a more enlarged scale of politicks; incompatibility in the laws of different States, and disrespect to those of the general government must render the situation of this great Country weak, inefficient and disgraceful. It has already done so,—almost to the final dessolution of it—weak at home and disregarded abroad is our present condition, and contemptible enough it is.
Entirely unnecessary was it, to offer any apology for the sentiments you were so obliging as to offer me—I have had no wish more ardent (thro’ the whole progress of this business) than that of knowing what kind of Government is best calculated for us to live under. No doubt there will be a diversity of sentiment on this ​important subject; and to inform the Judgment, it is necessary to hear all arguments that can be advanced. To please all is impossible, and to attempt it would be vain; the only way therefore is, under all the views in which it can be placed—and with a due consideration to circumstances—habits—&cc. &cc. to form such a government as will bear the scrutinizing eye of criticism and trust it to the good sense and patriotism of the people to carry it into effect.—Demagogue,—men who are unwilling to lose any of their state consequence—and interested characters in each, will oppose any general government: but let these be regarded rightly, and Justice it is to be hoped will at length prevail.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LIIIa

​LIIIa. George Washington: Diary
Monday, [July] 2.—Dined with some of the members of Convention at Indian Queen.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LV

​LV. R.D. Spaight to James Iredell.
Philadelphia, 3d July, 1787.
The Convention has made, as yet, but little progress in the business they have met on; and it is a matter of uncertainty when they will finish. Secrecy being enjoined I can make no communications on that head.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LVI

​LVI. Nathan Dane to Rufus King.
July 5th, 1787.
I am very sorry to hear you say that it is uncertain what will be the result of the Convention, because I infer there must be a great diversity of sentiments among the members. The Convention must do something—its meeting has all those effects which we and those who did not fully discern the propriety of the measure apprehended. You know the general opinion is, that our Federal Constitution must be mended; and if the Convention do not agree at least in some ​amendments, a universal despair of our keeping together, will take place. It seems to be agreed here that the Virginia plan was admitted to come upon the floor of investigation by way of experiment and with a few yieldings on this point & that it keeps its ground at present. The contents of this plan was known to some, I believe, before the Convention met. Perhaps the public mind will be prepared in a few years to receive this new system. However I leave the whole to the wisdom of the Convention.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LIII

​LIII. Phineas Bond to Lord Carmarthen.
Philadelphia July 2nd. 1787.
The deliberations of the Convention, my Lord, are conducted with vast secrecy; and nothing is known with accuracy but that their drift is to endeavor to form such a federal constitution, as will give energy and consequence to the union. Whether this is to be done by improving the old governments or by substituting new ones—whether by continuing a power in each State to regulate ​its internal policy, or to abolish all separate establishments, and to form one grand federal authority, is a matter of consideration which creates much doubt and animadversion.
…Even in this crisis my Lord when the sober part of the continent looks up to the Convention to prescribe some mode competent to remove existing evils, there is not a complete delegation of the States in Convention—two of the thirteen are not represented, New Hampshire did appoint delegates, but as no fund was provided for their expenses and support they declined attending—The Assembly of Rhode I positively refused to appoint, and when the motion was again lately agitated, it was negatived by a majority of 17 members.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LIV

​LIV. Alexander Hamilton to George Washington.
July 3d. 87
In my passage through the Jerseys and since my arrival here I have taken particular pains to discover the public sentiment and I am more and more convinced that this is the critical opportunity for establishing the prosperity of this country on a solid foundation—I have conversed with men of information not only of this City but from different parts of the state; and they agree that there has been an astonishing revolution for the better in the minds of the people. The prevailing apprehension among thinking men is, that the Convention, from a fear of shocking the popular opinion, will not go far enough—They seem to be convinced that a strong well mounted government will better suit the popular palate than one of a different complexion. Men in office are indeed taking all possible pains to give an unfavourable impression of the Convention; but the current seems to be running strongly the other way.
A plain but sensible man, in a conversation I had with him yesterday, expressed himself nearly in this manner—The people begin to be convinced that their “excellent form of government” as they have been used to call it, will not answer their purpose; and that they must substitute something not very remote from that which they have lately quitted.
These appearances though they will not warrant a conclusion that the people are yet ripe for such a plan as I advocate, yet serve ​to prove that there is no reason to despair of their adopting one equally energetic, if the Convention should think proper to propose it. They serve to prove that we ought not to allow too much weight to objections drawn from the supposed repugnancy of the people to an efficient constitution—I confess I am more and more inclined to believe that former habits of thinking are regaining their influence with more rapidity than is generally imagined.
Not having compared ideas with you, Sir, I cannot judge how far our sentiments agree; but as I persuade myself the genuineness of my representations will receive credit with you, my anxiety for the event of the deliberations of the Convention induces me to make this communication of what appears to be the tendency of the public mind. …I own to you Sir that I am seriously and deeply distressed at the aspect of the Councils which prevailed when I left Philadelphia—I fear that we shall let slip the golden opportunity of rescuing the American empire from disunion anarchy and misery—No motley or feeble measure can answer the end or will finally receive the public support. Decision is true wisdom and will be not less reputable to the Convention than salutary to the community.
I shall of necessity remain here ten or twelve days; if I have reason to believe that my attendance at Philadelphia will not be mere waste of time, I shall after that period rejoin the Convention.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/LIX

​ LIX. George Washington to Alexander Hamilton.
Philadelphia 10th. July 87.
I thank you for your communication of the 3d.—When I refer you to the state of the Councils which prevailed at the period you left this City—and add, that they are now, if possible, in a worse train than ever; you will find but little ground on which the hope of a good establishment can be formed.—In a word, I almost despair of seeing a favourable issue to the proceedings of the Convention, and do therefore repent having had any agency in the business.
The Men who oppose a strong & energetic government are, in my opinion, narrow minded politicians, or are under the influence of local views.—The apprehension expressed by them that the people will not accede to the form proposed is the ostensible, not the real cause of the opposition—but admitting that the present ​ sentiment is as they prognosticate, the question ought nevertheless to be, is it, or is it not, the best form?—If the former, recommend it, and it will assuredly obtain mauger opposition
I am sorry you went away—I wish you were back.—The crisis is equally important and alarming, and no opposition under such circumstances should discourage exertions till the signature is fixed.—I will not, at this time trouble you with more than my best wishes and sincere regards.
# The Sea Gull (90 U.S. 165)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
90 U.S. 165
The Sea Gull

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Sea Lady

The Sea Lady is a fantasy novel with some of the aspects of a fable; first serialized in 1901 in Pearson's Magazine. In its narrative structure, The Sea Lady plays cleverly with conventions of historical and journalistic research and verification. According to John Clute, "Structurally it is the most complex thing Wells ever wrote, certainly the only novel Wells ever wrote to directly confirm our understanding that he did, indeed, read Henry James." Adam Roberts has argued that it was written in a kind of dialogue with James's The Sacred Fount (1901)
* First serialized from July to December 1901 in Pearson's Magazine
* The Sea Lady (First Edition) published as a single volume in 1902
* The Sea Lady (Atlantic Edition) as revised by H.G. Wells for The Atlantic Edition of the Works of H.G. Wells published in 1924
# The Sitting Bull editorial

Published December 20, 1890 in the Aberdeen Saturday Pioneer immediately preceding the Wounded Knee Massacre. May be found at: Northern State University
Sitting Bull, most renowned Sioux of modern history, is dead.
He was not a Chief, but without Kingly lineage he arose from a lowly position to the greatest Medicine Man of his time, by virtue of his shrewdness and daring.
He was an Indian with a white man's spirit of hatred and revenge for those who had wronged him and his. In his day he saw his son and his tribe gradually driven from their possessions: forced to give up their old hunting grounds and espouse the hard working and uncongenial avocations of the whites. And these, his conquerors, were marked in their dealings with his people by selfishness, falsehood and treachery. What wonder that his wild nature, untamed by years of subjection, should still revolt? What wonder that a fiery rage still burned within his breast and that he should seek every opportunity of obtaining vengeance upon his natural enemies.
The proud spirit of the original owners of these vast prairies inherited through centuries of fierce and bloody wars for their possession, lingered last in the bosom of Sitting Bull. With his fall the nobility of the Redskin is extinguished, and what few are left are a pack of whining curs who lick the hand that smites them. The Whites, by law of conquest, by justice of civilization, are masters of the American continent, and the best safety of the frontier settlements will be secured by the total annihilation of the few remaining Indians. Why not annihilation? Their glory has fled, their spirit broken, their manhood effaced; better that they die than live the miserable wretches that they are. History would forget these latter despicable beings, and speak, in later ages of the glory of these grand Kings of forest and plain that Cooper loved to heroism.
We cannot honestly regret their extermination, but we at least do justice to the manly characteristics possessed, according to their lights and education, by the early Redskins of America.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Sisters (Felicia Hemans)

* The Sisters, in The New Monthly Magazine Volume 31, 1831.
* The Sisters, National Lyrics, and Songs for Music, 1834.
# The Sisters (Tennyson)

* "The Sisters", in Poems (1833)
* "The Sisters", in Poems (1843)
# The Sisters (L. E. L.)

* The Sisters, a Metrical Tale from the Literary Gazette, 13th March 1824.
* The Sisters from The Vow of the Peacock and Other Poems, 1835.
# The Six Books of Proclus, the Platonic Successor, on the Theology of Plato

See the scan index for this book.

## Contents of Volume I

* Introduction
* Contents
* Book I
* Book II
* Book III
* Book IV
* Book V

## Contents of Volume II

* Book VI
* Book VII
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Sisters of Scio

* The Sisters of Scio,in The Literary Souvenir, 1830.
* The Sisters of Scio, in Songs of the Affections, with Other Poems (Songs of the Affections), 1830.
# The Presidents of the United States, 1789-1914/Volume III

Photograph by Houseworth, San Francisco
CONTENTS
| | PAGE |
| Andrew Johnson |
| By James Phelan | 1 |
| Ulysses S. Grant |
| By Horace Porter | 21 |
| Rutherford B. Hayes |
| By Carl Schurz | 107 |
| James A. Garfield |
| By William Walter Phelps | 161 |
| Chester A. Arthur |
| By William E. Chandler | 195 |
| Grover Cleveland |
| By William E. Russell | 239 |
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT
 Photograph by Houseworth, San Francisco
Frontispiece :
| Facing Page ||
| ANDREW JOHNSON  Photograph by Brady, Washington, D. C. 4 ||
| BIRTHPLACE OF ANDREW JOHNSON, RALEIGH, N. C. | 8 |
| FAC-SIMILE OF LAST PAGE OF LETTER FROM ANDREW JOHNSON TO DAVID D. PATTERSON | 14 |
| ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT, OCTOBER 8, 1864  Photograph by E. and H. T. Anthony, N. Y. 24 ||
| BIRTHPLACE OF U. S. GRANT, POINT PLEASANT, OHIO  Photograph made in 1863 by F. L. Dickinson 28 ||
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM GEN. GRANT TO GEN. S. B. BUCKNER, DEMANDING AN UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER | 34 |
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM U. S. GRANT TO JAMES GRANT WILSON | 76 |
| EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF GENERAL GRANT  Photograph of the Model, Henry Merwin Shrady, Sculptor 100 ||
| RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES  Photograph by Handy, Washington, D. C. 110 ||
| SPIEGEL GROVE: FREMONT, OHIO, THE HOME OF RUTHERFORD B. HAYES | 120 |
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM RUTHERFORD B. HAYES TO JAMES GRANT WILSON | 154 |
| JAMES ABRAM GARFIELD  Photograph by Pach Bros., N. Y. 164 ||
| FAC-SIMILE OF LAST PAGE OF LETTER FROM J. A. GARFIELD TO JAMES H. RHODES | 182 |
|- |HOME OF JAMES A. GARFIELD, MENTOR, OHIO |align="right" valign="bottom"| 188 |- |colspan="2"|
| CHESTER ALAN ARTHUR  Photograph by Mora, N. Y. | 198 |
|- |colspan="2"|
| HOME OF CHESTER A. ARTHUR, 123 LEXINGTON AVENUE, N. Y. CITY, AS IT APPEARS TO-DAY  Here Mr. Arthur Took the Oath as President, September 20, 1881, and Died November 18, 1886 | 212 |
|- |FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM CHESTER A. ARTHUR TO JAMES GRANT WILSON |align="right" valign="bottom"|226 |- |colspan="2"|
| GROVER CLEVELAND  Photograph by Pach Bros., N. Y | 242 |
|- |BIRTHPLACE OF GROVER CLEVELAND, THE PRESBYTERIAN PARSONAGE, CALDWELL, N. J. |align="right" valign="bottom"|248 |- |FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM GROVER CLEVELAND TO MRS. JAMES GRANT WILSON |align="right" valign="bottom"|254 |- |colspan="2"|
| PORTRAITS OF THE LADIES OF THE WHITE HOUSE FROM 1865 TO 1889 | End of Volume |
THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES
1789-1914
BY
JOHN FISKE, CARL SCHURZ, ROBERT C. WINTHROP, GEORGE TICKNOR CURTIS, GEORGE BANCROFT, JOHN HAY, AND MANY OTHERS
EDITED BY
JAMES GRANT WILSON
ILLUSTRATED
Volume III
NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
1914
# The Presidents of the United States, 1789-1914/Volume IV

Copyright by Harris & Ewing, Washington :
CONTENTS
| | PAGE |
| Benjamin Harrison |
| By William P. Fishback | 1 |
| William McKinley |
| By Joseph P. Smith | 29 |
| Theodore Roosevelt |
| By Owen Wister | 87 |
| William H. Taft |
| By Francis E. Leupp | 151 |
| Woodrow Wilson |
| By Josephus Daniels | 195 |
| Appendices | 245 |
| Index | 271 |
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON
 Photograph by Harris & Ewing, Washington
Frontispiece :
| Facing Page ||
| BENJAMIN HARRISON | 4 |
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM BENJAMIN HARRISON TO GEN. JAMES GRANT WILSON | 14 |
| THE HOME OF BENJAMIN HARRISON, INDIANAPOLIS, IND. | 26 |
| WILLIAM McKINLEY  Photograph by Pach Bros. 32 ||
| THE HOME OF WILLIAM McKINLEY, CANTON, OHIO | 52 |
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM WILLIAM McKINLEY TO SENATOR E. O. WOLCOTT | 56 |
| MEMORIAL TO WILLIAM McKINLEY, CANTON, OHIO, DEDICATED SEPT. 30, 1907  Charles Henry Niehaus, Sculptor 84 ||
| THEODORE ROOSEVELT  Photograph by Harris & Ewing, Washington 90 ||
| FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM THEODORE ROOSEVELT TO GEN. JAMES GRANT WILSON | 98 |
| SAGAMORE HILL, OYSTER BAY, LONG ISLAND, THE HOME OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT | 100 |
| WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT  Photograph by Harris & Ewing, Washington 154 ||
| THE BIRTHPLACE OF WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT, CINCINNATI, OHIO | 158 |
|- |THE HOME OF PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON, PRINCETON, N. J., DURING HIS PROFESSORSHIP. BUILT BY MR. AND MRS. WILSON |align="right" valign="bottom"| 208 |- |FAC-SIMILE LETTER FROM PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON TO GEN. JAMES GRANT WILSON |align="right" valign="bottom"|238 |- |colspan="2"|
| PORTRAITS OF THE LADIES OF THE WHITE HOUSE FROM 1889 TO 1913 | End of Volume |
THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES
1789-1914
BY
JOHN FISKE, CARL SCHURZ, ROBERT C. WINTHROP, GEORGE TICKNOR CURTIS, GEORGE BANCROFT, JOHN HAY, AND MANY OTHERS
EDITED BY
JAMES GRANT WILSON
ILLUSTRATED
Volume IV
NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
1914