OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Citizens Banking Company v. Ravenna National Bank of Ravenna Ohio

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
234 U.S. 360
Citizens Banking Company v. Ravenna National Bank of Ravenna Ohio
Argued: March 16, 1914. --- Decided: June 8, 1914
Messrs. G. Ray Craig, Edward H. Rhoades, Jr., and John D. Rhoades for Citizens' Banking Company.
[Argument of Counsel from page 361 intentionally omitted]
Mr. A. T. Brewer for Ravenna National Bank.
[Argument of Counsel from page 362 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Justice Van Devanter delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Citizens Initiative legislation, Oregon, 1902

* related portals: Oregon.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
§ I. LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY — STYLE OF BILL — INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM (1902)
The legislative authority of the State shall be vested in a Legislative Assembly, consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives, but the people reserve to themselves power to propose laws and amendments to the Constitution and to enact or reject the same at the polls, independent of the Legislative Assembly, and also reserve power at their own option to approve or reject at the polls any act of the Legislative Assembly. The first power reserved by the people is the initiative, and not more than eight per cent of the legal voters shall be required to propose any measure by such petition, and every such petition shall include the full text of the measure so proposed. Initiative petitions shall be filed with the Secretary of State not less than four months before the election at which they are to be voted upon. The second power is the referendum, and it may be ordered (except as to laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety), either by the petition signed by five per cent of the legal voters, or by the Legislative Assembly, as other bills are enacted. Referendum petitions shall be filed with the Secretary of State not more than ninety days after the final adjournment of the session of the Legislative Assembly which passed the bill on which the referendum is demanded. The veto power of the Governor shall not extend to measures referred to the people. All elections on measures referred to the people of the State shall be had at the biennial regular general elections, except when the Legislative Assembly shall order a special election. Any measure referred to the people shall take effect and become the law when it is approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon, and not otherwise. The style of all bills shall be: "Be it enacted by the people of the State of Oregon." This section shall not be construed to deprive any member of the Legislative Assembly of the right to introduce any measure. The whole number of votes cast for Justice of the Supreme Court at the regular election last preceding the filing of any petition for the initiative or for the referendum shall be the basis on which the number of legal voters necessary to sign such petition shall be counted. Petitions and orders for the initiative and for the referendum shall be filed with the Secretary of State, and in submitting the same to the people he, and all other officers, shall be guided by the general laws and the act submitting this amendment, until legislation shall be especially provided therefor.

## Source

* Schultz, Birl Earl (1912). Documents on the State-wide Initiative, Referendum and Recall. The Macmillan Company. p. p. 79.
# Christian Martyrdom in Russia/Chapter III

III
THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES OF THE SPIRIT-WRESTLERS TO-DAY
We have seen what the belief and practice of the Spirit-Wrestlers were a hundred years ago. The vitality and validity of their belief and life are shown by the fact that both survive to this day. The following extract from a letter from one of them speaks for itself as to the spirit in which they live and endure persecution:—
"January 2nd, 1896.
"The concern of most importance to me when thinking of my fellows is, that they might as far as possible try to become humble and meek, which is indispensable for entering the kingdom of God.
"I think that when they have begun to be worried, and their material state to be ruined, they must be very careful not to be tempted. I hold that anxiety for material well-being constitutes already a great stumbling-block and injury to the soul.. . .I ask that you will advise all who know me not to be angry, not to grumble at the Government because it oppresses them. But let them bear, with God's help, any trial which befalls them. Let them only remember what Christ, and afterwards the apostles, had to suffer for ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/48 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/49 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/50 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/51 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/52 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/53 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/54 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/55 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/56 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/57 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/58 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/59 ​they alluded to some law or other, and said that this law did not allow it. I told them, 'I am dying from cold and you are talking to me about a law; give me first a blanket, and tomorrow we will discuss the law.' But they shut the door and went away. Oh, hard-hearted men! may God forgive them!"
# Christian Martyrdom in Russia/Chapter VI

VI
CONSCRIPTION, ARRESTS, IMPRISONMENTS, EXILE
From this time a long history of arrest, imprisonment and banishment begins. A friend before alluded to in Tiflis writes:—
"From the accounts of the Spirit-Wrestlers, among other things, this very characteristic fact becomes clear: the military authorities have no desire whatever to listen to their explanations as to the causes of their refusal to engage in military service, and they even peremptorily prohibit them from talking about it. The Spirit-Wrestlers of the 'Great Party' were summoned to the recruiting offices in the following places, in Suram, Dushet, and Signak, and everywhere they finally refused to draw the lots, although every one of them appeared at the recruiting stations.
"The General Surovtzeflf, in conversation with them, said, 'You do not fulfil the law of the Emperor'; they answered, 'As for this law, we are only told about it, but for some reason or other we do not see it. What is the use of a law if it can be bought? Here is the chief of the Kars district, Shegoubatoff, who took a thousand roubles from a man, who applied for a certificate, excusing his son from military service.' And Shegoubatoff himself was present, and stood ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/77 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/78 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/79 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/80 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/81 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/82 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/83 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/84 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/85 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/86 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/87 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/88 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/89
# Christian Martyrdom in Russia/Chapter V

V
THE BURNING OF ARMS, JUNE 1895, AND "THE EXECUTION"
We must now turn to what occurred in June 1895, when the Spirit-Wrestlers, by common agreement, went to the place appointed near the village of Goreloe, carrying the arms which were to be committed to the flames. (It needs to be clearly understood that these arms were not the property of Government or landlords, but simply the few weapons they, like the surrounding natives, had been accustomed to keep for self-defence against robbers, wild tribes of hillsmen, and wild animals; they now became conscious that even to keep these weapons in their houses was a yielding to weakness, and contrary to their principles.) Without inquiry or waiting for evidence, the Cossacks were quickly called out to suppress what was falsely reported to be a rebellion, and very violent was their attack upon the inoffensive people.
​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/69 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/70 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/71 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/72 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/73 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/74 ​by Thy holy law. Let not mine enemy trouble me! I trust in the life to come, but do not leave me in this life, Lord, to the hands of the ungodly. Cover me, Lord, with Thy right arm from all lying slanderers. Let my head now be lifted up against all terrible enemies. I offer with my heart a sacrifice. I call upon Thee, Lord, in the psalms of those that serve Thee. With my heart and soul I cling to Thee; let me in truth not be confounded, for my trust is in God! To our God be glory!"
# Christian Martyrdom in Russia/Chapter VII

VII
PRESENT CONDITION OF THOSE WHO WERE BANISHED, ETC.
So much for the history of some of the prisoners. Those who were banished have not fared much better. Out of sixteen villages (containing in all about 1886 men), 287 adults and 112 children, visited this year, were found to be suffering from hemeralopia, or hen-blindness; 113 adults and 40 children were suffering from other eye diseases, and a few were quite blind; 57 adults and 31 children suffered from dysentery; 86 adults and 22 children were seriously ill. Almost the whole population suffered more or less from fever. Their earnings are very small, in some villages nothing at all, and yet in most places they have rents to pay. But the picture is by no means entirely a dark one. Notwithstanding the fact that such an increase of population must be a considerable burden upon an already poverty-stricken district, there are many ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/91 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/92 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/93 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/94 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/95 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/96 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/97 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/98 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/99 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/100 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/101 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/102
# Christian Non-Resistance

1846.
* Chapter One. Explanatory Definitions (entire)
* Chapter Two. Scriptural Proofs (entire)
* Chapter Three.
* Chapter Four. Non-Resistance Not Contrary to Nature (substantial portion)
* Chapter Five.
* Chapter Six. General Objections Answered (part)
* Chapter Seven. Non-Resistance in Relation to Government (substantial portion)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Christian Martyrdom in Russia/Chapter VIII

VIII
CONCLUSION BY LEO TOLSTOY
The facts related in this Appeal, composed by three of my friends, have been repeatedly verified, revised, and sifted; the Appeal itself has been several times recast and corrected; everything has been rejected from it which, although true, might seem an exaggeration; so that all that is now stated in this Appeal is the real, indubitable truth, so far as the truth is accessible to men guided only by the religious desire, in this revelation of the truth, to serve God and their neighbour, both the oppressors and the oppressed. But, however striking the facts here related, their importance is determined, not by the facts themselves, but by the way in which they will be regarded by those who learn about them. And I fear that the majority of those who read this Appeal will not understand all its importance.
​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/104 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/105 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/106 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/107 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/108 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/109 ​Page:Chertkov - Christian Martyrdom.djvu/110 ​against the "Christians of the Universal Brotherhood," a persecution like those of pagan times; and the wonderful meekness and firmness with which the new Christian martyrs endure these persecutions—all these facts are undoubted signs of the nearness of this accomplishment.
And therefore, having understood all the importance of the event that is taking place, both for the life of the whole of humanity and for the life of each of us, remembering that the opportunity to act, which is now presented us, will never return, let us do that which the merchant in the Gospel parable did, selling all he possessed that he might obtain the priceless pearl; let us disdain all mean, selfish considerations, and let each of us, in whatever position he be, do all which is in his power, in order,—if not to directly help those through whom the work of God is being done, if not to partake in this work,—at least not to be the opponents of the work of God which is being accomplished for our good.
Leo Tolstoy.
December 14th, 1896.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tenniel, John

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TENNIEL, JOHN, an English artist; born in London in 1820. He was almost entirely self-taught, and his first picture was exhibited while he was little more than a boy. He painted one of the frescoes in the Houses of Parliament in 1845, and produced but few pictures afterward. In 1851 he became connected as an illustrator with “Punch,” and contributed illustrations to that paper, in particular the weekly political cartoon. He also illustrated many Christmas and other books, including “Æsop's Fables,” “Ingoldsby Legends,” “Alice's Adventures in Wonderland,” etc. He was knighted in 1893. He died in 1914.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tennyson, Frederick

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TENNYSON, FREDERICK, an English poet, brother of Alfred; born in Louth, Lincolnshire, June 5, 1807. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, and in 1828 took the medal for a Greek poem. He published various volumes of verse, including “Days and Hours” (1854); “The Isles of Greece” (1890); “Daphne, and Other Poems” (1891). He died in London Feb. 26, 1898.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tennessee, University of

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TENNESSEE, UNIVERSITY OF, a coeducational non-sectarian institution in Knoxville, Tenn.; founded in 1794; reported at the close of 1901: Professors and instructors, 85; students, 721; volumes in the library, 17,100; productive funds, $425,000; grounds and buildings valued at $611,000; benefactions, $86,386; president, Harcourt A. Morgan, LL.D.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Teutsch, Georg Daniel

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TEUTSCH, GEORG DANIEL, a Transylvanian historian; born in Schässburg, Transylvania. He was bishop of the Saxons of Transylvania, and wrote: “History of the Transylvania Saxons” (2d ed. 1874); “Compend of the History of Transylvania”; “Documents for the History of Transylvania” (1857); “The Reformation in the Transylvanian Saxon-land” (6th ed. 1886); “Documentary History of the Evangelical Church in Transylvania” (2 vols. 1862-1863). He died in Hermannstadt, Transylvania, July 2, 1893.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tennessee (river)

​TENNESSEE, a river of the United States, formed by the union of two streams in the E. part of the State of Tennessee, flows S. W., passes through the N. part of Alabama, then flows N. through the W. part of Tennessee and Kentucky, and enters the Ohio, of which it is the largest tributary, about 10 miles below the confluence of the Cumberland. Length, about 1,200 miles. It is navigable 259 miles for steamers to Florence, at the foot of the Muscle-shoal rapids, which are passed by a canal 36 miles long; and above these there is navigation for boats for 250 miles.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tennis, Lawn

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TENNIS, LAWN, an out-door game played with balls, which are of hollow rubber, covered with smooth white cloth, cemented to the ball, on a piece of smooth, level sward. It remotely resembles tennis. The players are separated from each other by a low net, stretching across the ground, over which they strike a tennis ball with rackets resembling tennis bats. The net should be 42 inches high at the sides of the court and 36 inches high in the middle. Each ball is two and a half inches in diameter and weighs two ounces. The weight of the racket may vary from 10 to 20 ounces. The modern game of lawn tennis was originated by Major Wingfield in Wales in 1874, and introduced into the United States the same year by F. R. Sears and James Dwight.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tennyson, Hallam, Lord

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TENNYSON, HALLAM, LORD, an English biographer, son of Alfred; born Aug. 11, 1852; was educated at Marlborough College, and Trinity College, Cambridge. He wrote “The Life of Alfred, Lord Tennyson” (2 vols. 1897), contained a complete bibliography of his father's works; various magazine articles; and edited Charles Turner's “Collected Sonnets.” He was appointed governor of South Australia (1899-1902); edited the Eversley edition of his father's works in 1908, and in 1912 published “Tennyson and His Friends.”
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Tewfik Pasha

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​TEWFIK PASHA, Khedive of Egypt; born Nov. 15, 1852; eldest son of Ismail Pasha; succeeded on his father's abdication in 1879, in virtue of the arrangement of 1866 between Ismail and the Sultan. The chief events of his reign were the insurrection of Arabi, the war with the Mahdi, the pacification of the Sudan frontiers, and the steady improvement of the condition of Egypt under English administration. Tewfik, a pious Moslem, utterly alien to his father's love of luxury and extravagance, was throughout loyal to his engagements with Great Britain. He died Jan. 7, 1892, and was succeeded by his eldest son Abbas.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Amphibrach

Amphibrach. This mark of musical rhythm may be represented by the words delightful, domestic; in notes, thus : -
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Anacamptic

Anacamptic. A name given by the ancient Greeks to sounds produced by reflection ; as in echoes. It was also sometimes understood as the opposite of the adjective Euthian.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Amoroso

Amoroso, or AMOREVOLE. (I.) Amorously ; in a soft, delicate, amatory style.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Amphion

Amphion. The son of Antiope, and renowned for his eloquence and skill in music. The ancients say he was instructed by Mercury, and that the magic of his lyre so charmed the stones, that they arranged themselves in architectural order, and formed the walls of Thebes.
"Amphion too, as story goes, could call Obedient stones to make the Theban wall. He led them as he pleased; the rocks obeyed, And danced in order Si the tunes he played."
Amphion was a Theban, who, if he did not perform all the wonderful things attributed to him, certainly softened, by the sound of his lyre, the savage manners of the first inhabitants of Greece, and engaged them to build towns. He invented the Lydian measure.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Amselius, Pancratius

Amselius, Pancratius, born at Bostock in 1693, was an eminent singer.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Anacreon

Anacreon, born at Tees, in Ionia, lived 500 years before Jesus Christ. He is said by Athenaeus to have invented the instrument called Barbiton. He died (as is well known) by being choked with a grapestone.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Amphimacer

Amphimacer. A musical foot, composed of one short, one long, and one short note. Same as Amphibrach.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Anacamptos

Anacamptos. A Greek term, signifying a course of retrograde or reflected n rtes. Anacamptic notes were also those which proceeded downwards, or from acute to grave. The word Anacamptos, taken in this sense, was the contrary of Euthia.
# Complete Encyclopaedia of Music/A/Anacreontic

Anacreontic. This derivative from the name of Anacreon, the bacchanalian Greek poet, is sometimes placed at the beginning of convivial songs, glees, and festive odes, (especially when they include the celebration of the grape,) and denotes an hilarity of movement, and a free and easy style of performance.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Czolgosz, Leon

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​CZOLGOSZ, LEON, an American assassin; born about 1874, of Polish-German ancestry; worked at various trades in the United States and became affiliated with anarchists through the teachings of Emma Goldman (q. v.). On Sept. 6, 1901, while President McKinley was holding a public reception at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, N. Y., Czolgosz treacherously shot him twice. On Sept. 14, the President died; on Sept. 23 Czolgosz was brought to trial; on the 26th was sentenced to death, and was electrocuted in the prison of Auburn, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1901.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Dalhousie, James Andrew Brown Ramsay, 1st Marquis of

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​ DALHOUSIE, JAMES ANDREW BROWN RAMSAY, 10th EARL and 1st MARQUIS OF, a British statesman; born in 1812; was educated at Harrow and at Christchurch, Oxford. After filling the offices of vice-president (1843) and president of the board of trade (1844), he was appointed governor-general of India (1847). In this post he showed high administrative talent, establishing railway lines, telegraphs, irrigation works, etc., on a vast scale. He greatly extended the British empire in India, annexing the Punjab, Oude, Berar, and other native states, as well as Pegu in Burma. In 1849 he was made a marquis, and obtained the thanks of both Houses of Parliament. He outstayed his term of office to give the government the aid of his experience in the annexation of Oude; and when he returned to Europe in 1856 it was with a constitution so completely shattered that he was never able to appear again in public life, and died Dec. 19, 1860.
# Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Delaroche, Hippolyte

Edition of 1921; disclaimer.
​DELAROCHE, HIPPOLYTE (familiarly styled Paul), (de-lä-rōsh), a French painter; born in Paris, July 16, 1797. He studied landscape painting for a short time but applied himself afterward to historical painting, and rapidly rose to eminence. Notable among his works are: “St. Vincent de Paul preaching before Louis XIII. on behalf of Deserted Children,” “Joan of Arc Interrogated in Prison by Cardinal Beaufort,” the “Death of Queen Elizabeth,” “The Children of Edward IV. in the Tower,” “Cardinal Richelieu Conducting Cinq Mars and De Thou up the Rhone to Execution,” “Charles I. Mocked by His Guards,” the “Execution of Lady Jane Grey,” the “Death of the Duke of Guise,” and the “Hemicycle,” an immense work painted in oil on the wall of The École des Beaux Arts, Paris. It represents an assemblage of the great painters, sculptors, and architects from the days of Giotto to those of Lesueur. He held a middle place between the classical and the romantic schools, and was regarded as the leader of the so-called “eclectic school.” He died in Paris, Nov. 4, 1856.