OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Lewes, George Henry

​Lewes, George Henry (1817-1878).—Philosopher and miscellaneous writer, b. in London, and ed. at Greenwich, and in ​Jersey and Brittany. His early life was varied; he tried law, commerce, and medicine successively, and was then for two years in Germany, on returning from which he tried the London stage, and eventually settled down to journalism, writing for the Morning Chronicle, for the Penny Encyclopædia, and various periodicals. Thereafter he ed. the Leader (1851-54), and the Fortnightly Review (which he founded) (1865-66). His articles deal with an extraordinary variety of subjects—criticism, the drama, biography, and science, both physical and mental. His chief works are The History of Philosophy from Thales to Comte, Comte's Philosophy of the Sciences (1853), The Psychology of Common Life (1859), Studies in Animal Life (1862), Problems of Life and Mind (1873-79). L. was an exceptionally able dramatic critic, and in this department he produced Actors and the Art of Acting (1875), and a book on the Spanish Drama. By far his greatest work, however, is his Life and Works of Goethe (1855), which remains the standard English work on the subject, and which by the end of the century had, in its German translation, passed into 16 ed. He also wrote two novels, Ranthorpe (1847), and Rose, Blanche, and Violet (1848), neither of which attained any success. In his writings he is frequently brilliant and original; but his education and training, whether in philosophy or biology, were not sufficiently thorough to give him a place as a master in either. L.'s life was in its latter section influenced by his irregular connection with Miss Evans ("George Eliot"), with whom he lived for the last 24 years of it, in close intellectual sympathy. To his appreciation and encouragement were largely due her taking up prose fiction.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Lemon, Mark

​Lemon, Mark (1809-1870).—Journalist and humorist, b. in London, wrote many theatrical pieces, and a few novels, of which the best is Falkner Lyle, others being Leyton Hall, and Loved at Last. He also wrote stories for children, lectured and gave public readings, and contributed to various periodicals. He is best known as one of the founders and, from 1843 until his death, the ed. of Punch. His Jest Book appeared in 1864.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Leslie, or Lesley, John

​Leslie, or Lesley, John (1527-1596).—Historian, studied at Aberdeen and Paris, at the former of which he became, in 1562, Prof. of Canon Law. He was a Privy Councillor 1565, and Bishop of Ross 1566, and was the confidential friend of Queen Mary, who made him her ambassador to Queen Elizabeth. He was thrown into the Tower for his share in promoting a marriage between Mary and the Duke of Norfolk, whence being released on condition of leaving England, he went first to Paris and then to Rome, where he busied himself on behalf of his mistress. He became Vicar-General of the diocese of Rouen in 1579, and d. at the monastery of Guirtenburg near Brussels. While in England he wrote in Scots vernacular his ​History of Scotland from the death of James I. (where Boece left off) to his own time. At Rouen he rewrote and expanded it in Latin (1575), from which it was re-translated into Scots by James Dalrymple in 1596.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Lee, Sophia

​Lee, Sophia (1750-1824), Lee, Harriet (1757-1851).—Novelists and dramatists, dau. of John L., an actor, were the authors of various dramatic pieces and novels. By far their most memorable work was The Canterbury Tales, 5 vols. (1797-1805) which, with the exception of two, The Young Lady's and The Clergyman's, were all by Harriet. The most powerful of them, Kruitzner, fell into the hands of Byron in his boyhood, and made so profound an impression upon him that, in 1821, he dramatised it under the title of Werner, or the Inheritance. The authoress also adapted it for the stage as The Three Strangers. The tales are in general remarkable for the ingenuity of their plots. Harriet lived to the age of 94, ​preserving to the last her vigour of mind and powers of conversation. Godwin made her an offer of marriage to which, however, his religious opinions presented an insuperable barrier. Sophia's chief work was The Chapter of Accidents, a comedy, which had a great run, the profits of which enabled the sisters to start a school at Bath, which proved very successful, and produced for them a competence on which they were able to retire in their later years.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Leland or Leyland, John

​Leland or Leyland, John (1506-1552).—Antiquary, b. in London, and ed. at St. Paul's School and at Camb., Oxf., and Paris. He was a good linguist, and one of the first Englishmen to acquire Greek, and he was likewise acquainted with French, Italian, Spanish, Welsh, and Anglo-Saxon. He became chaplain and librarian to Henry VIII., from whom he received the Rectory of Poppeling, near Calais, and in 1533 the appointment of King's Antiquary. Soon afterwards he was permitted to do his work in France by deputy, and was commissioned to go over England in search of documents and antiquities; and on the strength of this made his famous tour, which lasted for about six years. He was able to do something to stem the destruction of manuscripts on the dissolution of the monasteries, and made vast collections of documents and information regarding the monuments and general features of the country, which, however, he was unable fully to digest and set in order. They formed, nevertheless, an almost inexhaustible quarry in which succeeding workers in the same field, such as Stow, Camden, and Dugdale, wrought. In his last years he was insane, and hence none of his collections appeared in his lifetime. His Itinerary was, however, at length pub. by T. Hearne in 9 vols. (1710-12), and his Collectanea in 6 vols. (1715).
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Leland, Charles Godfrey

​Leland, Charles Godfrey (1824-1903).—American humorist, b. at Philadelphia, was ed. at Princeton, and in Europe. In his travels he made a study of the gipsies, on whom he wrote more ​than one book. His fame rests chiefly on his Hans Breitmann Ballads (1871), written in the patois known as Pennsylvania Dutch. Other books of his are Meister Karl's Sketch-book (1855), Legends of Birds (1864), Algonquin Legends (1884), Legends of Florence (1895), and Flaxius, or Leaves from the Life of an Immortal.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Lewis, Matthew Gregory

​Lewis, Matthew Gregory (1775-1818).—Novelist, s. of Matthew L., Deputy Sec. in the War Office, was ed. at Westminster and Oxf. Thereafter he went to Germany. From his childhood tales of witchcraft and the supernatural had a powerful fascination for him, and in Germany he had ample opportunities for pursuing his favourite study, with the result that at the age of 20 he became the author of The Monk, a tale in which the supernatural and the ​horrible predominate to an unprecedented extent, and from which he is known as "Monk L." The same characteristic appears in all his works, among which may be mentioned Tales of Terror (1779), Tales of Wonder (to which Sir W. Scott contributed), and Romantic Tales (1808). Though affected and extravagant in his manners, L. was not wanting in kindly and generous feelings, and in fact an illness contracted on a voyage to the West Indies to inquire into and remedy some grievances of the slaves on his estates there was the cause of his death.
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# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Leighton, Robert

​Leighton, Robert (1611-1684).—Divine, was the s. of Alexander L., physician, and writer on theology, who, on account of his anti-prelatic books, was put in the pillory, fined, and had his nose slit and his ears cut off. Robert was ed. at Edin., after which he resided for some time at Douay. Returning to Scotland he received Presbyterian ordination, and was admitted minister of Newbattle, near Edin. In 1653 he was appointed Principal and Prof. of Divinity in the Univ. of Edin., which offices he held until 1662 when, having separated himself from Presbyterianism, he was appointed Bishop of Dunblane, under the new Episcopal establishment. He repeatedly but unsuccessfully endeavoured to bring about an ecclesiastical union in Scotland on the basis of combining the best elements in each system. Discouraged by his lack of success in his well-meant efforts, he offered in 1665 to resign his see, but was persuaded by Charles II. to remain in it, and in 1669 was promoted to be Archbishop of Glasgow, from which position, wearied and disappointed, he finally retired in 1674, and lived with his widowed sister, Mrs. Lightmaker, at Broadhurst Manor, Sussex. On a visit to London he was seized with a fatal illness, and d. in the arms of his friend, Bishop Burnet, who says of him, "he had the greatest elevation of soul, the largest compass of knowledge, the most mortified and heavenly disposition that I ever saw in mortal." His sermons and commentaries, all pub. posthumously, maintain a high place among English religious classics, alike for thought and style. They consist of his Commentary on St. Peter, Sermons, and Spiritual Exercises, Letters, etc. His Lectures and Addresses in Latin were also pub.
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# Air Pollution Control District v. United States EPA

* related portals: United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
* 739 F.2d 1071
* AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, KENTUCKY, Petitioner, PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF INDIANA, INC., Intervenor
* v.
* THE UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, and ANNE M. GORSUCH, ADMINISTRATOR, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, Respondents
* No. 82-3214
* United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
* August 1, 1983, Argued
* July 10, 1984
ON PETITION for Review of An Order of the Environmental Protection Agency.
Gaylord B. Ballard, Air Pollution Control District of Jefferson County, Kentucky, Louisville, Kentucky, for Appellant.
Anne M. Gorsuch, Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, Barbara Sih, Diane Donley, Environmental Defense Section, Land & Natural Resources Div., U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, District of Columbia, for Appellee.
Gregory A. Troxell, Public Service Company of Indiana, Inc., Plainfield, Indiana, for Intervenor Public Service Company of Indiana, Inc.
Carey Rosemarin, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region V, Office of Regional Counsel, (5RC), Chicago, Illinois, Louise Gross, for Respondent, EPA.
Engel, Martin, and Contie, Circuit Judges.
# All-Story Weekly/Volume 98/Number 3/Fires Rekindled

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Extracted from All-Story Weekly, 21 June 1921, pp. 412–443.
Fires Rekindled
by Julian Hawthorne
* Introductory Note 412
* I. E. A. A. 413
* II. Echoes from the Past 417
* III. The Writing in the Book 420
* IV. "A Small Villa Near Twickenham" 424
* V. The Enchanted Nightingale 426
* VI. The Veil of Isis 429
* VII. The Veil Grows Thin 431
* VIII. Old Memoranda—1818 436
* IX. The Rending of the Veil 439
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1934, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 89 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919/The Trenches

THE TRENCHES
ENDLESS lanes sunken in the clay, Bays, and traverses, fringed with wasted herbage, Seed-pods of blue scabious, and some lingering blooms; And the sky, seen as from a well, Brilliant with frosty stars. We stumble, cursing, on the slippery duck-boards. Goaded like the damned by some invisible wrath, A will stronger than weariness, stronger than animal fear, Implacable and monotonous.
Here a shaft, slanting, and below A dusty and flickering light from one feeble candle And prone figures sleeping uneasily, Murmuring, And men who cannot sleep, With faces impassive as masks, Bright, feverish eyes, and drawn lips, Sad, pitiless, terrible faces, Each an incarnate curse.
Here in a bay, a helmeted sentry Silent and motionless, watching while two sleep, And he sees before him With indifferent eyes the blasted and torn land Peopled with stiff prone forms, stupidly rigid, As tho' they had not been men.
​Dead are the lips where love laughed or sang, The hands of youth eager to lay hold of life, Eyes that have laughed to eyes, And these were begotten, O Love, and lived lightly, and burnt With the lust of a man's first strength: ere they were rent, Almost at unawares, savagely; and strewn In bloody fragments, to be the carrion Of rats and crows.
And the sentry moves not, searching Night for menace with weary eyes.
Frederic Manning
# A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919/The Valleys of the Blue Shrouds

THE VALLEYS OF THE BLUE SHROUDS
(Where the valiant poilus were buried in their blue uniforms)
O SHARDS of walls that once held precious life, Now scattered, like the bones the Prophet saw Lying in visioned valley of the slain Ere One cried: "Son of Man, can these bones live?"
O images of heroes, saints, and Christs, Pierced, broken, thrust in hurried sepulture In selfsame tombs with tinsel, dross, and dreg, And without time for either shrift or shroud!
O smold'ring embers of Love's hearthstone fires, Quenched by the fiercer fires of hellish hate, That have not where to kindle flames again To light succeeding generations on!
O ghost-grey ashes of cathedral towers That toward the sky once raised appealing hands To beg the God of all take residence And hold communion with the kneeling souls!
O silent tongues of bells that once did ring Matin and Angelus o'er peaceful fields, Now shapeless slag that will to-morrow serve To make new engines for still others' woe!
O dust that flowered in finial and foil And bright in many-petaled windows bloomed, Now unto dust returned at cannon's breath To lay thy faded glories on the crypt!
O wounded cities that have been beloved As Priam's city was by Hecuba,— Sad Hecuba, who ere in exile borne, Beheld her Hector's child Astyanax
​Spitted on spear (as if a Belgian babe) And saw the walls in smoke and flame ascend To hover heav'nward with wide-brooding wings Above the "vanished thing" that once was Troy!
O shards of sanctuaries and of homes! O embers, ashes grey, and glinting dust! Ye who were tile or tower in Laon or Ypres, A village by the Somme, a church in Roye, A bit of glass in Reims, a convent bell In St. Dié, a lycée in Verdun, A wayside crucifix in Mézières, Again I hear a cry: "Can these bones live?"
Yes! As the bones, o'er which the Prophet cried And called the breath from Heav'n's four winds to breathe, Sprang straightway bone to bone, each to its place, To frame in flesh the features and the forms They still remembered and still loved to hold Once more on earth—so shall ye rise again!
Out of their quarries, cumulus, the clouds Will furnish back your flame in crystal stone; The cirrus dawns in Parsee tapestries With azure broiderings will clothe your walls; The nimbus noons will shower golden rain And sunset colours fill each Gothic arch;
For o'er thy stricken vales, O valiant France, Our love for thee shall prophesy anew, And Heav'n's Four Winds of Liberty, allied, Shall breathe unpoisoned in thy streets till they Shall pulse again with life that laughs and sings, And yet remembers, singing through its tears The music of an everlasting song— Remembers, proudly and undyingly, The hero dust that lies in shrouds of blue But rises as thy soul, immortal France!
John Finley
# A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919/The Troops

THE TROOPS
DIM, gradual thinning of the shapeless gloom Shudders to drizzling daybreak that reveals Disconsolate men who stamp their sodden boots And turn dulled, sunken faces to the sky Haggard and hopeless. They, who have beaten down The stale despair of night, must now renew Their desolation in the truce of dawn, Murdering the livid hours that grope for peace.
Yet these, who cling to life with stubborn hands, Can grin through storms of death and find a gap In the clawed, cruel tangles of his defence. They march from safety, and the bird-sung joy Of grass-green thickets, to the land where all Is ruin, and nothing blossoms but the sky That hastens over them where they endure Sad, smoking, flat horizons, reeking woods, And foundered trench-lines volleying doom for doom.
​O my brave brown companions, when your souls Flock silently away, and the eyeless dead Shame the wild beast of battle on the ridge, Death will stand grieving in that field of war Since your unvanquished hardihood is spent, And through some mooned Valhalla there will pass Battalions and battalions, scared from hell; The unreturning army that was youth; The legions who have suffered and are dust.
Siegfried Sassoon
# A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919/The Vindictive

THE VINDICTIVE
HOW should we praise those lads of the old Vindictive Who looked Death straight in the eyes, Till his gaze fell, In those red gates of hell?
England, in her proud history, proudly enrolls them, And the deep night in her remembering skies With purer glory Shall blazon their grim story.
There were no throngs to applaud that hushed adventure. They were one to a thousand on that fierce emprise. The shores they sought Were armoured, past all thought.
Oh, they knew fear, be assured, as the brave must know it, With youth and its happiness bidding their last goodbyes; Till thoughts, more dear Than life, cast out all fear.
For if, as we think, they remembered the brown-roof homesteads, And the scent of the hawthorn hedges when daylight dies, Old happy places, Young eyes and fading faces;
One dream was dearer that night than the best of their boyhood, One hope more radiant than any their hearts could prize— The touch of your hand, The light of your face, England!
​So, age to age shall tell how they sailed through the darkness, Where, under those high, austere, implacable stars, Not one in ten Might look for a dawn again.
They saw the ferryboats, Iris and Daffodil, creeping Darkly as clouds to the shimmering mine-strewn bars, Flash into light! Then thunder reddened the night.
The wild white swords of the searchlights blinded and stabbed them. The sharp black shadows fought in fantastic wars. Black waves leapt whitening, Red decks were washed with lightning.
But, under the twelve-inch guns of the black land-batteries, The hacked bright hulk, in a glory of crackling spars, Moved to her goal Like an immortal soul,
That, while its raw rent flesh in a furnace is tortured, Reigns by a law no agony ever can shake, And shines in power Above all shocks of the hour.
Oh, there, while the decks ran blood and the star-shells lightened, The shattering ship that the enemy never could break Swept through the fire And grappled her heart's desire.
There, on a wreck that blazed with the soul of England, The lads that died in the dark for England's sake Knew, as they died, Nelson was at their side;
Nelson, and all the ghostly fleets of his island, Fighting beside them there, and the soul of Drake!— Dreams, as we knew, Till these lads made them true.
​How should we praise you, lads of the old Vindictive, Who looked Death straight in the eyes, Till his gaze fell, In those red gates of hell?
Alfred Noyes
# A treasury of war poetry, British and American poems of the world war, 1914-1919/The Vision of Spring, 1916

THE VISION OF SPRING, 1916
ALL night in a cottage far Death and I had waged our war Where, at such a bitter cost, Death had won and I had lost; And as I climbed up once more From that poor, tear-darkened door, From the valley seemed to rise, In one cry, all human cries—
Yea, from such a mortal woe Earth seemed at its overthrow, And the very deeps unlocked Of all anguished ages, mocked In that they beheld at last This their self-sown holocaust, And their latest, loveliest sons Shattered by ten thousand guns.
Then the friend who said to me, Naught's so brief as agony, Seemed to stand revealed and blind, And a foe to humankind, And I cried, Why very Spring Shudders at this fearful thing, And withholds her kindling sun, Seeing Life and Grief are one.
Nay, said he, but in all earth There's one power, and that is Birth, And the starkest human pain Is but joy being born again, ​And all night, had you but heard, There's no depth that has not stirred That to-morrow men may see God in every bursting tree—
Yea, he said, the Very God In each blade that bends the sod, In each sod that feeds the blade, In each hushed, far-hidden glade, In each prairie, running free O'er some long fast-frozen sea, In each jungle, fierce and lush From its glutting thunder-gush, In each mammoth mountain-side, Thrust from a womb of earth in pride, Climbing till creation dies From its crude, star-stricken eyes—
Yea, and in all eyes that see That frustrate immensity, And the larger life that wings In the least of creeping things; In the swift invisible rain Poured into the human brain, In all gods that men made first When earth's glories on them burst, Gods of serpents, stars, and trees, And the gods that fashioned these,
Great Gautama, propped afar Where no tears or laughter are, And the greater God Who died That men might, uncrucified From the cross of pride and priest, Be as brothers at life's feast, God the Father, God the Son, God the Love in everyone—
​And I saw then fall away Veils from that gun-shattered clay And, beneath each scalding tear, Sink to death some human fear, And, behind each springing blade, Move the slow, divine brigade Of all brave, up-rendered life To the last supremest strife—
Yea, I saw from upper air God in ambush everywhere; And at that triumphant sight Lo, the dawn out-topped the night.
H. H. Bashford