OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume XIX

See also the scan index; and the disclaimer.
| | Volume XIX Phylactery – Provins | Volume XIX Phylactery – Provins | |
| Ph | Pi | Po | Pr |
| | Pierce, Franklin, president of the United States. ... Pittsburgh, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Pittsfield, town, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Pittston, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. | Polk, James Knox, president of the United States. ... Popocatepetl. Poppæa Sabina (See Nero). Poppy Oil. Population. Porbeagle. ... Porta, Baccio della (See Baccio della Porta). Porta, Giambattista della. Port Adelaide, town, South Australia (q.v.). Portadown, town, Ireland. Portalis, Jean Étienne Marie, French jurist. Port au Prince, town, Hayti. Port Elizabeth. Porter, Jane. Port Glasgow. Port Hope. Port Huron. Portici. Port Jervis. Port Hope. Portland, town, Maine, U.S.A. Portland, town, Oregon, U.S.A. Portland, Isle of. Portland, William Bentinck, first Earl of. Portland, William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, third Duke of. Portland Cement (See Building and Cements). Portland Vase (See Glass). Port Louis (See Mauritius). Port Lyttelton. Port Mahon. Port Alegre. Porto Bello. Portobello. Port of Spain (See Trinidad). Porto Maurizio. Porto Rico, island, West Indies. Port Royal. Port Royal. Port Said. Port St Mary, or Puerto de Santa Maria (q.v.). Portsmouth. Portsmouth. Portsmouth. Portsmouth. Portugal. Geography and Statistics. ... Porus. Poseidon. ... Poultry. Pound, enclosure. Poushkin, Alexander, Russian poet. ... | Prescott, William Hickling, American historian. ... Prince of Wales Land, North America. Princes Islands, Sea of Marmora. Princeton, town, New Jersey, U.S.A. Pringle, Sir John, Scottish physician. Printing (See Typography). Prior, Matthew, English poet. ... Providence, town, Rhode Island, U.S.A. |
# Executive Order 649

more info.
Revoked by Executive Order 673, August 3, 1907.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, June 11, 1907
1907 CSR 124
Mr. George S. Fox, bookkeeper at $1,500 per annum in the Isthmian service, may be transferred to a classified clerical position in the United States.
The White House,
    June 11, 1907.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 652

more info.
Granddaughter of President John Tyler
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, June 11, 1907
1907 CSR 124
It is hereby ordered, That Miss Mattie R. Tyler be appointed a clerk at $800 per annum in the post-office at Norfolk, Va., and that in her case the usual civil-service requirements as regards eligibility be waived.
The White House,
    June 11, 1907.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 648

more info.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, June 11, 1907
1907 CSR 124
Mr. Samuel H. Cunningham, who is temporarily employed as a clerk in the Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture, as a result of examination, may be permanently appointed without reference to his standing on the eligible register.
The White House,
    June 11, 1907.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 65

more info.
Signed by President Grover Cleveland Friday, May 24, 1895
Amendment to Departmental Rule II.
Section 3 is hereby amended as follows: At the end of clause (b) add the following:
    Nor the cashier, nor the two clerks employed as assistant disbursing clerks in the division of accounts and disbursements in the Department of Agriculture.
At the end of clause (c) add the following:
    But not including the disbursing clerk in the division of accounts and disbursements in the Department of Agriculture.
At the end of clause (e) add the following:
    Except those of the Weather Bureau and the Bureau of Animal Industry, in the Department of Agriculture.
At the end of clause (f) add the following:
    Except all chiefs of division in the Department of Agriculture.
The section as amended will read:
Executive Mansion,
    May 24, 1895.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 651

more info.
Also see Executive Order 795, May 13, 1908, and the final report of the committee.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, June 11, 1907
A Committee on Grades and Salaries in the executive departments shall be formed as speedily as practicable, to consist of one competent employee named by the head of each department and independent establishment, who shall prepare clear and consistent tables of estimates for positions and salaries in conformity with the schedule and recommendations of the Committee on Department Methods of January 4, 1907.
Officials will cooperate with this committee in arranging said estimates for presentation to Congress, in convenient form for comparison with the estimates prepared in the usual way required by law.
The White House,
    June 11, 1907.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# England's treasure by forraign trade/Chapter 21

Chap. XXI
This conclusion upon all that hath been said, concerning the Exportation or Importation of Treasure.
The sum of all that hath been spoken, concerning the enriching of the Kingdom, and th' encrease of our treasure by commerce with strangers, is briefly thus. That it is a certain rule in our forraign trade, in those places where our commodities exported are overballance in value by forraign wares brought into this Realm, there our mony is undervalued in exchange; and where the contrary of this is performed, there our mony is overvalued. But let the Merchants exchange be at a high rate, or at a low rate, or at the Par pro pari, or put down altogether; Let Forraign Princes enhance their Coins, or debase their Standards, and let His Majesty do the like,or keep them constant as they now stand; Let forraign Coins pass current here in all payments at higher rates than they are worth at the Mint; Let the Statute for employments by Strangers stand in force or be repealed; Let the meer Exchanger do his worst; Let Princes oppress, Lawyers extort, Usurers bit, Prodigals wast, and lastly let ​Merchants carry out what mony they shall have occasion to use in traffique. Yet all these actions can work no other effects in the course of trade than is declared in this discourse. For so much Treasure only will be brought in or carried out of a Commonwealth, as the Forraign Trade doth over or under ballance in value. And this must come to pass by a Necessity beyond all resistance. So that all other courses (which tend not to this end) howsoever they may seem to force mony into a Kingdom for a time, yet are they (in the end) not only fruitless but also hurtful: they are like to violent flouds which bear down their banks, and suddenly remain dry again for want of waters.
Behold then the true form and worth of forraign Trade, which is, The great Revenue of the King, The honour of the Kingdom, The Noble profession of the Merchant, The School of our Arts, The supply of our wants, The employment of our poor, The improvement of our Lands, The Nurcery of our Mariners, The walls of the Kingdoms, The means of our Treasure, The Sinnews of our wars, The terror of our Enemies. For all which great and weighty reasons, do so many well governed States highly countenance the profession, and carefully cherish the action, not only with Policy to encrease it, but also with power to protect it from all forraign injuries: because they know it is a Principal in Reason of State to maintain and defend that which doth Support them and their estates.
FINIS.
# England's treasure by forraign trade/Chapter 2

Chap. II
The Means to enrich this Kingdom, and to encrease our Treasure.
Although a Kingdom may be enriched by gifts received, or by purchase taken from some other Nations, yet these are things uncertain and of small consideration when they happen. Forraign Trade is the Rule of our Treasure.The ordinary means therefore to encrease our wealth and treasure is by Forraign Trade, wherein wee must ever observe this rule; to sell more to strangers yearly than wee consume of theirs in value. For suppose that when this Kingdom is pletifully served with the Cloth, Lead, Tinn, Iron, Fish and other native commodities, we doe yearly export the overplus to forraign Countries to the value of twenty two hundred thousand pounds; by which means we are enabled beyond the Seas to buy and bring in forraign wares for our use and Consumption, to the value of twenty hundred thousand pounds; By this order duly kept in our trading, we may rest assured that this order duly kept in our trading, we may rest assured that the Kingdom shall be enriched yearly two hundred thousand pounds, which must be brought to us in so much Treasure; because that part of our stock which is not returned to us ​in wares must necessarily be brought home in treasure.
For in this case it cometh to pass in the stock of a Kingdom, as in the estate of a private man; who is supposed to have one thousand pounds yearly revenue and two thousand pounds of ready money in his Chest: If such a man through excess shall spend one thousand five hundred pounds per annum, all his ready mony will be gone in four years; and in the like time his said money will be doubled if he take a Frugal course to spend but five hundred pounds per annum; which rule never faileth likewise in the Common-wealth, but in some cases (of no great moment) which I will hereafter declare, when I shall shew by whom and in what manner this ballance of the Kingdoms account ought to be drawn up yearly, or so often as it shall please the State to discover how much we gain or lose by trade with forraign Nations. But first I will say something concerning those ways and means which will encrease our exportations and diminish our importations of wares; which being done, I will then set down some other arguments both affirmative and negative to strengthen that which is here declared, and thereby to shew that all the other means which are commonly supposed to enrich the Kingdom with Treasure are altogether insufficient and meer fallacies.
# Executive Order 8467

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Monday, July 1, 1940
Federal Register page & date: 5 FR 2468, Thursday, July 4, 1940
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution, by section 1753 of the Revised Statutes (U.S.C., title 5, sec. 631), by the Civil Service Act (22 Stat. 403), and as President of the United States, section 7 of Executive Order No. 7916 of June 24, 1938, extending the competitive classified civil service, is hereby amended to read as follows:
| "(a) | Effective July 1, 1940, the United States Civil Service Commission is directed to establish within the Commission a Council of Personnel Administration and to designate as members thereof such of the personnel of the Commission as the Commission shall determine. The Commission shall designate one of such members as Chairman of the Council. |
| "(b) | In addition to the membership of the Council of Personnel Administration above provided for, the directors of personnel of the several departments and independent establishments and a representative of the Bureau of the Budget, to be designated by the Director thereof, shall be ex officio members of the Council. |
| "(c) | The Council shall advise and assist the President and the Commission in the protection and improvement of the merit system, and recommend from time to time to the President and the Commission needed changes in procedure, rules, or regulations. When directed so to do by the President or the Commission, the Council shall hold hearings and conduct investigations with respect to alleged abuses and proposed changes. The Council shall carry on programs of study to coordinate and perfect the executive personnel service in all its branches, and shall report upon the progress of personnel administration throughout the service. |
| "(d) | Executive Order No. 5612 of April 25, 1931, is hereby revoked." |

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Amends

* Executive Order 7916, June 24, 1938

### See Related

* Executive Order 5612, April 25, 1931

### Revoked by

* Executive Order 9830, February 24, 1947
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 854

more info.
Amended by: Executive Order 12781, November 20, 1991
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Friday, June 26, 1908
It is hereby ordered that on and after July 1, 1908, the land within the boundaries shown on the attached diagram, heretofore set apart, reserved and proclaimed as parts of the Bitterroot and Weiser National Forests, shall be known as the Nezperce National Forest. It is not intended by this order to release any land from reservation or to reserve any land not heretofore embraced in a National Forest.
The White House,
    June 26, 1908.
Diagram missing.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 8585

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Thursday, November 7, 1940
Federal Register page & date: 5 FR 4425, Saturday, November 9, 1940
By virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me by paragraph Eighth, subdivision second, section 2 of the Civil Service Act (22 Stat. 404), it is ordered that Paragraph 7, Subdivision I, Schedule A of the Civil Service Rules be, and it is hereby, amended to read as follows:
| "7. | Any person employed in a foreign country or in the Virgin Islands, or in Puerto Rico when public exigency warrants, or in any island possession of the United States in the Pacific Ocean (except the Hawaiian Islands), or in the Philippine Islands, when in the opinion of the Civil Service Commission it is not practicable to treat the position as in the competitive classified service; but this paragraph shall not apply to any person employed in Canada or Mexico in the service of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice, or to any person employed in any foreign country by the Bureau of Customs of the Treasury Department." |

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Amends

* Executive Order 8424, May 28, 1940

### Modifies

* Not Ascertained

### Revoked by

* Not Ascertained
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 85

more info.
Signed by President Grover Cleveland Saturday, January 18, 1896
Amendment to Customs Rule II.
Section 5 of customs Role II is hereby amended by adding thereto the following:
| (i) | Any person appointed to a position which requires only a portion of his time and attention for the performance of its duties, pays him a compensation not exceeding three hundred dollars per annum, and permits of his pursuing other regular business or occupation, such person being conveniently located for the performance of said duties. |
The section as amended shall read as follows:
Approved.
Executive Mansion,
    January 18, 1896.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 8564

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Tuesday, October 8, 1940
Federal Register page & date: 5 FR 4049, Friday, October 11, 1940
Executive Order No. 8257 of September 21, 1939, authorizing excepted appointments to meet public exigency, is hereby amended to read as follows:
| " | By virtue of the authority vested in me by paragraph Eighth, subdivision second, section 2 of the Civil Service Act (22 Stat. 404), it is hereby ordered as follows: " Whenever, because of a public exigency directly connected with the national-defense program, or because of the urgency for the immediate filling of a position involved in such program, the Civil Service Commission determines that it is in the public interest to do so, it may authorize the filling of any position connected with the national-defense program for a term not extending beyond the duration of the national-defense program, without regard to the competitive requirements of the Civil Service Rules, subject to such noncompetitive tests of fitness as the Commission may prescribe. Persons so appointed will not thereby acquire a classified (competitive) civil service status." |

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Amends

* Executive Order 8257, September 21, 1939

### See Related

* Executive Order 7915, June 24, 1938

### Revoked by

* Executive Order 9830, February 24, 1947
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 8516

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Thursday, August 15, 1940
Federal Register page & date: 5 FR 2881, Tuesday, August 20, 1940
By virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 1753 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (U.S.C., title 5, sec. 631) and as President of the United States, it is ordered that the Executive Order of January 17, 1873, as amended, prohibiting, with certain exceptions, Federal officers and employees from holding state, territorial and municipal offices, be, and it is hereby, suspended and made inoperative insofar as the United States Civil Service Commission shall, by regulation, authorize appointments to positions directly concerned with national defense.

## Notes

Shortcut: WS:USEO

### Amends

* Executive Order 9, January 17, 1873

### See Related

* Executive Order 9-2, January 28, 1873
Revoked (in part) by:
* Executive Order 11408, April 25, 1968
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 859

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Friday, June 26, 1908
It is hereby ordered that on and after July 1, 1908, the land within the boundaries shown on the attached diagram, heretofore set apart, reserved, and proclaimed as part of the Lemhi and Sawtooth National Forest, shall be known as the Lemhi National Forest, shall continue reserved and constitute a part of the Salmon National Forest. It is not intended by this order to release any land from Reservation or to reserve any land not heretofore embraced as a National Forest.
The White House,
    June 26, 1908.
Diagram missing.

## Notes
### See related

* Executive Order 841, June 26, 1908
* Executive Order 858, June 26, 1908
* Executive Order 1441, December 4, 1911
* Executive Order 2027, August 24, 1914
* Executive Order 2221, July 19, 1915
* Executive Order 4613, March 14, 1927
* Executive Order 7986, October 8, 1938
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 86

more info.
Amends Executive Order 62, May 7, 1895.
Signed by President Grover Cleveland Saturday, January 18, 1896
Amendment to Internal-Revenue Rule IV.
Section 5 of internal-revenue Rule IV is hereby amended by adding at the end of the first paragraph thereof the following:
    And provided further, That whenever an emergency shall arise requiring that a vacant position in any internal-revenue district shall be filled before a certificate can be issued by the Commission, and an appointment made thereto in the manner provided in these rules, such position may be filled without regard to the provisions of these rules by temporary appointment not to exceed thirty days, and only for such period as may be required for the execution of the necessary details of an appointment thereto in accordance with said provisions, but no person shall receive such emergency appointment, who, within the sixty days next previous thereto, has been separated from a position in said district to which he was temporarily appointed under the provisions of this section.
The section as amended shall read as follows:
Approved.
Executive Mansion,
    January 18, 1896.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ford Motor Company v. Huffman

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
345 U.S. 330
Ford Motor Company v. Huffman
Argued: Dec. 18, 19, 1952. --- Decided: April 6, 1953
Mr. William T. Gossett, Dearborn, Mich., for Ford Motor Co.
Mr. Harold A. Cranefield, Detroit, Mich., for International Union, United Automobile, Aircraft and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, CIO.
Mr. Herbert Monsky, Louisville, Ky., for respondent.
Mr. Justice BURTON delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Ford Motor Company v. United States/Concurrence-dissent Blackmun

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinion Stewart
* Concurrence/Dissents Burger Blackmun
[p595] MR. JUSTICE BLACKMUN, concurring in part and dissenting in part.
I concur in Part I of the Court's opinion and in that portion of Part II that approves divestiture as part of the remedy. I cannot agree, however, that prohibiting Ford from using its own name or its trade name on any spark plugs for five years and enjoining it entirely from manufacturing plugs for 10 years is just, equitable, or necessary. Instead, the stringency of those remedial provisions strikes me as confiscatory and punitive. The Court's opinion, ante, at 566, recognizes that Ford could develop its own spark plug division internally and place itself in the same position General Motors has occupied for so long, but that this would take from five to eight years. The restraint on Ford's entering the spark plug area is thus for a period longer than it would take Ford to achieve a position in the market through internal development. And to deny it the use of its own name is to deny it a property right that has little to do with this litigation.
# Ford Motor Company v. Department of Treasury of Indiana

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
323 U.S. 459
Ford Motor Company v. Department of Treasury of Indiana
Argued: Dec. 7, 1944. --- Decided: Jan 8, 1945
Mr. Merle H. Miller, of Indianapolis, Ind., for petitioner.
Messrs. John J. McShane and Winslow Van Horne, both of Indianapolis, Ind., for appellees.
Mr. Justice REED delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse