OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Wilson, Anthony

Henry Bromley
​WILSON, ANTHONY (fl. 1793), better known by his pseudonym ‘Henry Bromley,’ author of the ‘Catalogue of Engraved Portraits,’ was born at Wigan in 1750. He was perhaps connected with the Wilson family of Kendal, which intermarried with that of Bromley. Wilson belonged to a mercantile firm in the city of London, and was a regular attendant at Hutchins's auction-rooms, where he was detected on one occasion abstracting prints. He also frequented the sale-room of Nathaniel Smith, father of the antiquary, John Thomas Smith (1766–1833) [q. v.]
In 1793, stimulated by the increased demand for prints consequent on the publication of James Granger's ‘Biographical ​History of England’ (1769), Wilson, under the name of Henry Bromley, published ‘A Catalogue of Engraved British Portraits’ (London, 4to). He received assistance in the compilation from many leading antiquaries and virtuosi, including Sir William Musgrave, James Bindley [q. v.], and Anthony Morris Storer [q. v.] In the ‘Catalogue’ Wilson aimed at furnishing a complete list of engraved British portraits, neglecting only those which could not be identified with their originals. He divided his list into historic periods, and subdivided it into groups according to the rank or calling of the persons portrayed. The date of Wilson's death is unknown. His portrait was engraved by Barrett. There is a copy in the British Museum. Edward Evans (1789–1835) [q. v.], the printseller, states that he was a contributor to the ‘Gentleman's Magazine’ (cf. a letter signed ‘A Gothamite,’ in July 1814).
[Manuscript note by Evans, the printseller, in his copy of Bromley's Catalogue, afterwards in the possession of Sir George Scharf [q. v.]; preface to Bromley's Catalogue; Evans's Catalogue of Engraved Portraits, vol. i. Nos. 1352, 11360; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists, s.v. ‘Bromley.’]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Corner, Julia

​CORNER, JULIA (1798–1875), writer for the young, daughter of John Corner [q. v.], an engraver, was born in London in 1798. She was the author of stories and plays for children, and of a number of educational works dealing chiefly with history, which are still extremely popular. Of her 'History of France' (1840), for instance, thirty-one thousand copies had been sold by 1889. All the histories have lately been revised and brought out in new editions, some illustrated with engravings after designs by Sir John Gilbert. Some of the plays for young people, mostly adaptations of well-known fairy tales, are now in a sixteenth edition. She wrote altogether over sixty books. The chief educational works that have been reprinted are 'The Play Grammar' (1848); the histories of England (1840), of Scotland (1840), of Ireland (1840), of Greece (1841), of Rome (1841), of Italy (1841), of Holland and Belgium (1842), of Germany and the German Empire (1841). The 'Historical Library,' in 14 vols., appeared first in 1840-8. Miss Corner died at 92 Clarendon Road, Netting Hill, London, on 16 Aug. 1875.
[Allibone's Dict. i. 430, Suppl. i. 390; Boase's Modern English Biogr. i. 720-21.]
E. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Cooke, George (1768-1837)

​COOKE, Sir GEORGE (1768–1837), lieutenant-general, born in 1768, was the son and heir of George John Cooke of Harefield, Middlesex, grandson of George Cooke (d. 5 June 1768), prothonotary of the court of common pleas and member of parliament for Middlesex from 1767 to 1768, and great-grandson of Sir George Cooke (d. 4 Nov. 1740) of Harefield, prothonotary of the court of common pleas. His sister Penelope Anne married Robert Brudenell, sixth earl of Cardigan, and was the mother of James Thomas Brudenell, seventh earl [q. v.] Cooke was educated at Harrow, and at Caen in Normandy. He was appointed ensign in the 10th foot guards in 1784 and lieutenant and captain in 1792. In March 1794 he joined the flank battalion of the guards in Flanders, and in June was appointed aide-de-camp to Major-general (Sir) Samuel Hulse [q. v.] He was present when the combined armies took the field and attacked the French posts in April; in the actions of 17 and 18 May, and at the affair at Boxtel on 15 Sept. In 1795 he joined the brigade of guards at Darley camp and became aide-de-camp to Major-general Edmund Stevens. In 1798 he was promoted to be captain and lieutenant-colonel in his regiment, and in August 1799 he went with it to Holland. He was present in the action at the Zuype on 10 Sept., and in the battle on 19 Sept., when he was severely wounded.
From 1803 until the spring of 1805 he held the post of assistant adjutant-general to the north-west district. In 1806 he went to Sicily, returning to England in December 1807. On 25 April 1808 he received the brevet rank of colonel, and in July 1809 he was employed in the expedition to the Schelde, whence he returned sick in September.
In April 1811 he went to Cadiz, and on 4 June attained the rank of major-general and succeeded to the command of the troops stationed there, which he retained until his return to England in July 1813. In November he went to Holland with the brigade of guards. He commanded the first division of the guards at Waterloo, and lost his right arm in the battle. He was appointed K.C.B. on 22 June 1815, and colonel of the 77th foot on the following day. He also received for his share in the engagement the insignia of the third class of the order of St. George of Russia and of the third class of the order of Wilhelm of the Netherlands. On 20 Oct. 1819 he was appointed lieutenant-governor of Portsmouth, a post which he resigned a few years later. On 19 July 1821 he obtained the rank of lieutenant-general, and on 23 Dec. 1834 he was transferred to the command of the 40th regiment. He died unmarried at his house, Harefield Park, on 3 Feb. 1837.
[Gent. Mag. 1837, i. 656-7; Army Lists; Vernon's Notes on the Parish of Harefield, 1872, pp. 28-9; Ropes's Campaign of Waterloo, 1893, pp. 38, 184, 300; Siborne's Waterloo Campaign (Arber's War Library), 1894, pp. 72, 121, 186, 337.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killigrew, Anne

​KILLIGREW, ANNE (1660–1685), poetess and painter, daughter of Dr. Henry Killigrew [q. v.], master of the Savoy, was born in 1660 in St. Martin's Lane, London, shortly before the Restoration, and was christened privately, as the offices of the common prayer were not then publicly allowed. Her father was chaplain to the Duke of York, and in due course she became maid of honour to Mary of Modena, duchess of York; but in her twenty-fifth (or twenty-sixth?) year she was attacked by small-pox, and in June 1685 she died in her father's rooms in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. She was buried 15 June 1685 in the chancel of St. John the Baptist's Chapel in the Savoy (entry in register, communicated by the late Rev. Henry White). According to the copy of the inscription upon her monument (since destroyed by fire), and given in her poems of 1686, she died on 16 June.
In 1686 a quarto volume, ‘Poems by Mrs. Anne Killigrew,’ was published. To the hundred pages of verses there was prefixed a mezzotint engraving of the author by Becket, after a painting by herself, and by way of introduction there was Dryden's ode ‘To the pious memory of the accomplished young lady, Mrs. Anne Killigrew, excellent in the two sister arts of Poesy and Painting.’ Johnson considered this ode to be the noblest in our language—a judgment then bold and now scarcely intelligible. Her own verses are forgotten, but she seems to have been a woman of sincere piety and much charm of character. Dryden alludes to paintings of James II and his queen by Anne Killigrew, and to pictures of country scenery. Three of her paintings are mentioned in her poems, and six others were sold in her brother Admiral Killigrew's collection in 1727. Besides Becket's engraving of Anne Killigrew, an engraving was made by Chambers from her own painting for Walpole's ‘Anecdotes of Painting;’ and there is a scarce mezzotint from the same painting by Blosteling. Lowndes mentions large-paper (folio) copies of Anne Killigrew's ‘Poems,’ with a portrait different from that in the ordinary copies.
[Ballard's Memoirs of Several Ladies of Great Britain, 1742, pp. 337–45; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iv. 623; Loftie's Memorials of the Savoy, 1878, pp. 199–206; Cibber's Lives of the Poets, ii. 224–6; Granger's Biog. Hist. 1775, vol. iv. class x. p. 129; Boase and Courtney's Bibliotheca Cornubiensis, 1874, i. 286; Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting, 1849, ii. 456, 457; Miss E. C. Clayton's English Female Artists, pp. 59–70.]
G. A. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killigrew, Charles

​KILLIGREW, CHARLES (1655–1725), master of the revels, born at Maestricht on 29 Dec. 1655, was son of Thomas Killigrew the elder [q. v.], by his second wife, Charlotte, daughter of John de Hesse of Holland (Boase, Collectanea Cornubiensia, s. v.) He was gentleman of the privy chamber to Charles II, 1670, James II, 1685, and William and Mary, 1689, master of the revels ​in 1680, patentee of Drury Lane Theatre in 1682, and commissioner of prizes in 1707. He lived at Somerset House, London, and Thornham Hall, Suffolk. His varied acquirements won him the friendship of Dryden (cf. Dedication of Juvenal, 1693, p. xxiii), Humphrey Prideaux, and others. He was buried in the Savoy on 8 Jan. 1724–5, leaving by his wife Jemima, niece of Richard Bokenham, mercer, of London, two sons, Charles (d. 1756) and Guilford (will registered in P. C. C. 13, Romney). His library was sold in December following.
[Boase and Courtney's Bibl. Cornub.; Malcolm's Anecdotes, pp. 427, 431; Notes and Queries, 1st ser. i. 204, 219; Gent. Mag. 1833, i. 27; Downes's Roscius Anglicanus, pp. 16, 39; Moneys for Secret Services (Camd. Soc.), p. 34; Academy, 25 April 1874, p. 458; Fitzgerald's Hist. of the Stage; Cal. State Papers, Treas. Ser.; Addit. MSS. 12201, 20726 ff. 16, 37, 28227 f. 32; Chester's London Marriage Licences (Foster), col. 792.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killigrew, James

​KILLIGREW, JAMES (d. 1695), captain in the navy, son of Henry Killigrew, D.D. [q. v.], and brother of Admiral Henry Killigrew [q. v.], was appointed lieutenant of the Portsmouth on 5 Sept. 1688. On 11 April 1690 he was promoted to be captain of the Sapphire, was employed in her cruising in the Channel, and in July 1691 captured a large French privateer. In 1692 he commanded the York, in 1693 the Crown, from which he was moved into the Plymouth of 60 guns, and sent with Admiral Russell to the Mediterranean. In January 1694–5 he was cruising to the southward of Sardinia in command of a detached squadron of five ships, when, on the 18th, they sighted two French men-of-war, the Content of 60, and the Trident of 52 guns. In the chase the Plymouth, being far ahead of her consorts, closed with and engaged the enemy. She was much over-matched, and suffered severely. Killigrew and many of his men were killed. But the French ships had been delayed till the other English ships came up, and, being unable to escape, were both captured. They were taken into Messina, and were afterwards added to the English navy. The question was afterwards raised by his brother, the admiral, whether his estate was not entitled to share in the prize-money, and evidence was adduced to the effect that the two French ships were disabled and virtually beaten by the Plymouth's fire. Russell, who was commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean at the time, presided over the admiralty, and he decided that as Killigrew was killed early in the action, and the Plymouth was beaten off by the French ships, the prize-money was payable only to the captains of the Carlisle, Falmouth, and Adventure, which actually took them. Although presumably in accordance with the regulations of the day, such an award now appears unjust.
[Charnock's Biog. Nav. ii. 327; Home Office Records (Admiralty), vol. iv. 16 July, 31 Aug. 1696.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killigrew, Catherine

​KILLIGREW, CATHERINE or KATHERINE, Lady (1530?–1583), a learned lady, wife of Sir Henry Killigrew [q. v.], was the fourth daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, knt. [q. v.], of Giddy Hall, Essex, by Alice, daughter of Sir William Waldegrave, knt., of Suffolk (Visitation of Essex, Harl. Soc. Publ., xiii. 39). Her elder sister was wife of Sir Nicholas Bacon [q. v.] She is said to have been proficient in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. She married Sir Henry Killigrew on 4 Nov. 1565. Sir John Harington, in the notes to book xxxvii. of his translation of ‘Orlando Furioso,’ has preserved some Latin lines in which she asked her sister Mildred, wife of Cecil, lord Burghley, to use her influence to get her husband excused from going on an embassy to France. The verses were reprinted in Fuller's ‘Worthies.’ On 21 Dec. 1583 she gave birth to a still-born child, and on 27 Dec. she died. She was buried in the church of St. Thomas the Apostle, London. It was burnt down during the great fire, but Stow, in his ‘Survey,’ has preserved the four Latin inscriptions on her monument, including one by herself and one by Andrew Melville (1545–1622) [q. v.]
[Sir John Harington's Notes to Orlando Furioso; Fuller's Worthies; Ballard's Memoirs of Learned Ladies; Stow's London; Harl. Soc. Registers, vol. vi.; Archæolog. xviii. 100.]
T. F. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killen, John

​KILLEN, JOHN (d. 1803), Irish rebel, kept an eating-house at the corner of Thomas Street, Dublin. Killen was arrested for participation in Emmet's movement of 23 July 1803. His trial commenced on 7 Sept. before Mr. Baron Daly. Two informers, Michael Mahaffey and John Ryan, pedlars by trade, swore that on the night of 23 July they were met by an armed mob, of whom Killen was one, and were forced to take pikes in their hands and join the insurrection. They also testified to a definite act of cold-blooded murder committed by Killen himself. On the other side, however, numerous witnesses, among them James Crosbie, an army pensioner, swore positively that on the commencement of the outbreak, at nine o'clock in the evening of 23 July, Killen had locked his door, and had not only not gone out himself, but had tried to prevent others from doing so. He and several of the witnesses, in fact, had, it was stated, remained in the cellar at Thomas Street till the morning of 24 July. James Smith, Killen's landlord, moreover testified to his character for loyalty. The evidence in Killen's favour was ably summarised and commented on by Curran, who defended him. The judge, however, summed up against the prisoner, and the jury brought in a verdict of guilty. A careful reading of the whole case points to the conclusion that this decision was entirely unjust. Killen protested bitterly from the dock against the verdict, but no reprieve was granted. He was executed on 10 Sept. 1803.
[Hibernian Magazine for 1803; Killen's Trial, in Howell's State Trials, vol. xxviii.]
G. P. M-y.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Killen, Thomas Young

​KILLEN, THOMAS YOUNG (1826–1886), Irish presbyterian divine, son of Edward Killen, a merchant in Ballymena, co. Antrim, was born at Ballymena on 30 Oct. 1826. His boyhood was spent at Glenwherry, to which his father removed in 1832. He was principally taught by a private tutor, and in 1842 entered the old Belfast College, where he took several prizes. At the close of his fifth session he was sent by the mission board of the general assembly as a missionary to Camlin, co. Roscommon, where he laboured for two years. On 19 May 1848 he was licensed to preach by the presbytery of Carrickfergus, and on 25 Sept. 1850 was ordained by the presbytery of Letterkenny as minister of 3rd Ramelton, co. Donegal, where his pastorate proved very successful. In 1857 he received a call from the congregation of Ballykelly, co. Londonderry, and was installed there on 31 March. He took a leading part in the Ulster revival of 1859. In 1862 he became one of the ministers of ​Belfast, being installed on 26 Feb. as the first minister of the new Duncairn Church, which prospered so much under his care that it was twice enlarged. He rose to be one of the foremost ecclesiastics of the Irish general assembly, of which in 1882 he was elected moderator. In 1883 the degree of D.D. was conferred on him by the presbyterian theological faculty (Ireland). He died suddenly on 21 Oct. 1886, leaving a widow and seven children.
He was author of ‘A Sacramental Catechism’ (Belfast, 1874), which ran through several editions, and was republished in America. For four years he edited a monthly magazine, the ‘Evangelical Witness,’ and on the establishment of the ‘Witness’ newspaper in Belfast he wrote much in its columns. He also published several sermons and tracts.
[Personal knowledge.]
T. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Starkey, Humphrey

​STARKEY, Sir HUMPHREY (d. 1486), chief baron of the exchequer, was descended from the Starkeys of Oulton and Wrenbury, Cheshire. He was a member of the Inner Temple, and is first mentioned as a lawyer in the year-books in Hilary term 1454. There are references to him as counsel for John Paston in lawsuits in 1464 and 1466 (Paston Letters, ii. 144, 258). In 1471 he ​was elected recorder of London, and in Trinity term 1478 became a serjeant. He resigned the recordership on being appointed chief baron of the exchequer during the short reign of Edward V, on 15 June 1483. On the accession of Richard III he was knighted, and was continued in his office. He also acted as a justice of the common pleas during the reign of Richard III (Rot. Parl. vi. 332, 341), and was continued in both his offices by Henry VII. The last fine levied before him was at midsummer 1486, and he died before 29 Oct. of that year. He was buried at St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, with his wife Isabella, by whom he left four daughters. Starkey purchased the manor of Littlehall in Woldham, Kent, to which he gave his own name, and where he built a house.
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Starkie, Thomas

​STARKIE, THOMAS (1782–1849), legal writer, eldest son of the Rev. Thomas Starkie, vicar of Blackburn, Lancashire, was born at Blackburn vicarage on 12 April 1782, and educated at Clitheroe grammar school and St. John's College, Cambridge, where he was entered as a pensioner on 2 Jan. 1799. He was senior wrangler and first Smith's prizeman in 1803, in which year he graduated B.A., proceeding M.A. in 1806. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn on 23 May 1810, and immediately joined the northern circuit. He also practised as a special pleader as well as in the common-law courts, and was K.C. at Lancaster previously to his obtaining the rank of Q.C. at Westminster Hall. As a member of the commission for the amendment of the law he rendered most important services, but was less successful as a lecturer on common law and equity in the Inner Temple. In ​1823 he was elected Downing professor of law at Cambridge. Originally a tory in politics, Starkie afterwards became a liberal, and in that interest unsuccessfully contested the representation of the borough of Cambridge in 1840. In 1847 he became judge of the Clerkenwell county court, which had jurisdiction over the greater part of Middlesex. He died at his rooms in Downing College, Cambridge, on 15 April 1849.
He married Lucy, daughter of the Rev. Thomas Dunham Whitaker [q. v.], the historian of Whalley, and had five children, of whom two daughters survived him.
Starkie was author of: 1. ‘Practical Treatise on the Law of Slander, Libel, and incidentally of Malicious Prosecutions,’ 1812. Later editions were published in 1827, 1830, and 1869, and American editions were brought out in 1832, 1843, 1852, and 1853, edited by T. Huntington and J. L. Wendell. 2. ‘Treatise on Special Pleading, with Precedents of Indictments,’ 1814, 2 vols.; later editions 1819, 1822, 1828, and an American edition, 1824. 3. ‘Reports at Nisi Prius, K.B. and C.P.,’ 1817–23, 3 vols. 4. ‘Practical Treatise on the Law of Evidence,’ 1824, 3 vols. Of this, Starkie's chief work, revised editions were issued in 1833, 1842, and 1853. It was often reprinted in America.
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Starke, Mariana

​STARKE, MARIANA (1762?–1838), writer of guide-books, born about 1762, was daughter of Richard Starke by his wife Mary, daughter of Isaac Hughes of Banstead, Surrey. The father was for some time governor of Fort St. George in Madras, and later a resident at Epsom, Surrey. Mariana's early years were passed in India, where her keen observation of Anglo-Indian life afterwards afforded material for ‘The Sword of Peace, or a Voyage of Love,’ a comedy which was acted at the Haymarket Theatre on 9 Aug. 1788, with Miss Farren in the cast. It was published, Dublin, 1789, 8vo, and it was again played at Bath on 23 March 1809. Indian colour is also introduced into ‘The Widow of Malabar,’ a tragedy in three acts (Dublin, 1791, 8vo; London, 1791, 8vo; 3rd edit. 1791, 8vo). The epilogue was written by Miss Starke's nephew, R. J. Hughes Starke (d. at Dinard, Brittany, 1838). The tragedy was produced at Mrs. Crespigny's private theatre, Camberwell, and at Covent Garden Theatre in 1798. A third dramatic effort was ‘The Tournament,’ a tragedy, London, 1800. All were of slight interest.
A seven years' residence in Italy in attendance on a consumptive relative led Miss Starke to write ‘Letters from Italy’ (2 vols. London, 1800; 2nd edit. 1815; translated into German, 1802). While in Italy she became acquainted with the Dowager-countess Spencer, at whose suggestion she published ‘The Beauties of Carlo Maria Maggi Paraphrased,’ with sonnets of her own, Exeter, 1811, 8vo. Miss Starke had by that date removed to Exmouth, but she revisited Italy in 1817–19, and published ‘Travels on the Continent,’ London, 1820, 8vo, which was followed by her ‘Information and Directions for Travellers on the Continent’ (5th edit. London, 1824, 8vo; 6th edit. 1828; 7th edit. 1829; translated into French, Paris, 1826, 8vo). It was enlarged and republished as ‘Travels in Europe for the use of Travellers on the Continent and likewise in the Island of Sicily, to which is added an account of the Remains of Ancient Italy’ (8th edit. London, 1832, 8vo). These guide-books are carefully compiled, and proved useful forerunners of the labours of Murray and Baedeker. Miss Starke died at Milan, on a journey from Naples to England, in the spring of 1838, aged 76.
[Genest's Hist. of Stage, vi. 510, vii. 369, viii. 157, x. 219; Baker's Biogr. Dramatica, ii. 345, 405, 813; Gent. Mag. 1838, ii. 111; Lit. Mem. of Living Authors, ii. 276; Reuss's Reg. of Living Authors, p. 350; Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. iii. 87; Quérard's La France Littéraire, ix. 257.]
C. F. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Stark, Adam

1904 Errata appended.
​STARK, ADAM (1784–1867), antiquary, was born in Edinburgh on 24 Feb. 1784. In 1804, in connection with his cousin, John Stark, he became a printer, but the partnership was dissolved in 1810. In conjunction with J. Richardson he published the ‘Hull and Lincoln Chronicle’ for some time; it afterwards was known as the ‘Lincoln and Hull Chronicle.’ In 1810 he became a bookseller at Gainsborough, and continued that business until his retirement in 1844. He died at Gainsborough on 31 Dec. 1867, having married, first, Ann Trotter of Lincoln; secondly, Harriet, daughter of Henry Mozley of Gainsborough, and sister of Anne Mozley [q. v.], James Bowling Mozley [q. v.], and of Thomas Mozley [q. v.]; and, thirdly, Sarah Wooton of Newington, Kent. Stark was the author of: 1. ‘The History and Antiquities of Gainsborough, with a Topographical and Descriptive Account of Stow,’ 1817; another edit. 1841. 2. ‘An Account of the Parish of Lea, Lincolnshire,’ 1841. 3. ‘The Visitors' Pocket Guide to Gainsborough and its Neighbourhood,’ 1849. 4. ‘History of the Bishopric of Lincoln,’ 1852. 5. ‘Printing: its Antecedents, Origin, History, and Results,’ 1855.
G. C. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.257 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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