OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Albrecht von Gräfe

See also Albrecht von Graefe (ophthalmologist) on Wikipedia; works by Albrecht von Graefe, Albrecht von Graefe on Wikipedia, Gräfe in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
​GRÄFE, Albrecht von (1828-1870), German oculist, son of Karl Ferdinand von Gräfe, noticed below, was born at Berlin in May 1828. At an early age he manifested a preference for the study of mathematics, but this was gradually superseded by an interest in natural science, which led him ultimately to the study of medicine. After obtaining Government licence at Berlin, he prosecuted his studies at Vienna, Prague, and Paris, devoting special attention to ophthalmology. In 1850 he began practice as an oculist in Berlin, where he founded a private institution for the treatment of the eyes, which became the model of many similar ones in Germany and Switzerland. In 1853 he was appointed teacher of ophthalmology in Berlin university, in 1856 extraordinary professor, and in 1866 ordinary professor. Von Gräfe contributed largely to the perfection of the science of ophthalmology, especially by the establishment in 1855 of his Archiv fur Ophthalmologie, in which he had Arlt and Donders as collaborateurs. Perhaps his two most important discoveries are his method of treatment for glaucoma, until then deemed incurable, and his new method of operation for the extraction of cataract, by which the danger of the operation became minimized. He was also regarded as an authority in diseases of the nerves and brain. He died at Berlin 20th August 1870. See Alfred Gräfe, Ein Wort zur Erinnerung an Albrecht von Gräfe, Halle, 1870.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Aleutian Islands

See also the Aleutian and Andreanof Islands on Wikipedia; the Aleutian Islands in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
# Elements of Elocution

* Elements of Elocution, Vol. I. (London, 1781) external link external link2
** full title: Elements of Elocution. Being the Substance of a Course of Lectures on the Art of Reading; Delivered at Several Colleges in the University of Oxford. In Two Volumes. Vol. I.
* Elements of Elocution, Vol. II. (London, 1781) external link external link2
** full title: Elements of Elocution. Being the Substance of a Course of Lectures on the Art of Reading; Delivered at Several Colleges in the University of Oxford. In Two Volumes. Vol. II.
* Elements of Elocution (2nd edition, London, 1799) external link
** full title: Elements of Elocution: In Which The Principles of Reading and Speaking Are Investigated; and Such Pauses, Emphasis, and Inflexions of Voice, As Are Suitable to Every Variety of Sentence, Are Distinctly Pointed Out and Explained; with Directions for Strengthening and Modulating the Voice, So As to Render It Varied, Forcible, and Harmonious. To Which Is Added, a Complete System of Passions, Showing How They Affect the Countenance, Tone of Voice, and Gesture of the Body, Exemplified by a Copious Selection of the Most Striking Passages of Shakespeare. The Whole Illustrated by Copper-plates, explaining the Nature of Accent, Emphasis, Inflexion, and Cadence.
* Elements of Elocution (5th edition, London, 1815) external link
** full title: Elements of Elocution: In Which The Principles of Reading and Speaking Are Investigated; and Such Pauses, Emphasis, and Inflexions of Voice, As Are Suitable to Every Variety of Sentence, Are Distinctly Pointed Out and Explained; with Directions for Strengthening and Modulating the Voice, So As to Render It Varied, Forcible, and Harmonious: To Which Is Added, a Complete System of Passions; Showing How They Affect the Countenance, Tone of Voice, and Gesture of the Body, Exemplified by a Copious Selection of the Most Striking Passages of Shakespeare. The Whole Illustrated by Copper-plates, Explaining the Nature of Accent, Emphasis, Inflexion, and Cadence.
* Elements of Elocution (6th edition, London, 1820) external link
** full title: Elements of Elocution: In Which The Principles of Reading and Speaking Are Investigated; and Such Pauses, Emphasis, and Inflexions of Voice, As Are Suitable to Every Variety of Sentence, Are Distinctly Pointed Out and Explained; with Directions for Strengthening and Modulating the Voice, So As to Render It Varied, Forcible, and Harmonious: To Which Is Added, a Complete System of Passions; Showing How They Affect the Countenance, Tone of Voice, and Gesture of the Body, Exemplified by a Copious Selection of the Most Striking Passages of Shakespeare. The Whole Illustrated by Copper-plates, Explaining the Nature of Accent, Emphasis, Inflexion, and Cadence.
# Elements of the Differential and Integral Calculus

ELEMENTS OF THE DIFFERENTIAL
AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS
(REVISED EDITION)
BY
WILLIAM ANTHONY GEANVILLE, PH.D., LL.D.
PRESIDENT OF PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE
WITH THE EDITORIAL COÖPERATION OF
PERCEY F. SMITH, PH.D.
PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS IN THE SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL YALE UNIVERSITY
GINN AND COMPANY
BOSTON - NEW YORK - CHICAGO - LONDON
MATHEMATICAL TEXTS Edited by Percey F. Smith, Ph.D. Professor of Mathematics in the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University
Elements of the Differential and Integral Calculus (Revised Edition)
By W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Elements of Analytic Geometry
By P. F. Smith and A. S. Gale, Ph.D.
New Analytic Geometry
By P. F. Smith and A. S. Gale, Ph.D.
Introduction to Analytic Geometry
By P. F. Smith and A. S. Gale, Ph.D.
Advanced Algebra
By H. E. Hawkes, Ph.D.
Text-Book on the Strength of Materials (Revised Edition)
By S. E. Slocum, Ph.D., and E. L. Hancock, M.Sc.
Problems in the Strength of Materials
By William Kent Shepard, Ph.D.
Plane and Spherical Trigonometry and Four-Place Tables of Logarithms
By W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Plane and Spherical Trigonometry
By W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Plane Trigonometry and Four-Place Tables of Logarithms
By W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Four-Place Tables of Logarithms
By W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Theoretical Mechanics
By P. F. Smith and W. R. Longley, Ph.D.
First Course in Algebra
By H. E. Hawkes, Ph.D., William A. Luby, A.B., and Frank C. Touton, Ph.B.
Second Course in Algebra
By H. E. Hawkes, Ph.D., William A. Luby, A.B., and Frank C. Touton, Ph.B.
Complete School Algebra
By H. E. Hawkes, Ph.D., William A. Luby, A.B., and Frank C. Touton, Ph.B.
Elementary Analysis
By P. F. Smith and W. A. Granville, Ph.D., LL.D.
Plane Geometry
By William Betz, A.M., and Harrison E. Webb, A. B.
COPYRIGHT, 1904, 1911, BY WILLIAM ANTHONY GRANVILLE AND PERCEY F. SMITH
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
813.9
The Athenæum Press GINN AND COMPANY • PRO- PRIETORS • BOSTON • U.S.A.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1943, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 80 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# Elements of Orthoepy

* Elements of Orthoepy (London, 1784) external link external link2 external link3
** full title: Elements of Orthoepy: Containing a Distinct View of the Whole Analogy of the English Language; So Far As It Relates to Pronunciation, Accent, and Quantity.
* General Rules for the Pronunciation of the English Language (London, 1792) external link
** full title: General Rules for the Pronunciation of the English Language: With Complete Lists of the Exceptions.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Franciscus Gratianus

See also Franciscus Gratianus on Wikipedia; Decretum Gratiani on Wikipedia, Gratianus in the 11th edition; and the disclaimer.
GRATIANUS, Franciscus, compiler of the Concordia discordantium Canonum or Decretum Gratiani, and founder of the science of canon law, was born about the end of the 11th century at Chiusi in Tuscany or, according to another account, at Carraria near Orvieto. In early life he appears to have been received into the Camaldulian monastery of Classe near Ravenna, whence he afterwards removed to that of San Felice in Bologna, where he spent many years in the preparation of the Concordia. The precise date of this important work cannot be ascertained, but it contains references to the decisions of the Lateran council of 1139, and the statement is vouched for by tolerably good authority that it was completed while Pope Alexander III. was still simply professor of theology at Bologna, in other words, prior to 1150. The labours of Gratian are said to have been rewarded with the bishopric of Chiusi, but if so he appears never to have been consecrated; at least his name is not to be found in any authentic list of those who have occupied that see. The year of his death is unknown.
For some account of the Decretum Gratiani and its history see Canon Law. The latest edition is that of Friedberg (Corpus Juris Canonici, Leipsic, 1876). Compare Schulte, Zur GeschicJde dcr Lltcmtur iibcr das Dccrct Gratia/is (1870), Die Glosse zum Decrct Gralians (1872), and Gcschichte dcr Qucllcn und Litcratur des Kunonischen Rcchts (1875).
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Frankenstein

See also Ząbkowice Śląskie on Wikipedia; Ząbkowice Śląskie on Wikipedia; Frankenstein in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FRANKENSTEIN, a town in the Prussian province of Silesia, government of Breslau, is situated 35 miles S. by W. of the town of that name. It has a monastery of the charity friars, a garrison, and an old castle. The principal manufactures are linen, woollen, and cotton goods, straw hats, chemical substances, and salt. Population in 1875, 7492.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Francis Egerton, third duke of Bridgewater

See also Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater on Wikipedia; Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater, at Wikipedia; Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater, in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
BRIDGEWATER, Francis Egerton, third duke of, who has sometimes been styled "the Father of British Inland Navigation," was born in 1736. The navigable canal which he projected for the transport of the coal obtained on his estates, was (with the exception of the Sankey canal) the first great undertaking of the kind executed in Great Britain in modern times. The construction of this remarkable work was carried out by Brindley, the celebrated engineer. (See Brindley and Canal.) The untiring perseverance displayed by the duke in surmounting the various difficulties that retarded the accomplishment of his project, together with the pecuniary restrictions he imposed on himself in order to supply the necessary capital, affords an instructive example of that energy and self-denial on which the success of great undertakings so much depends. Though a steady supporter of Mr Pitt's administration, he never took any prominent part in politics. On his death, March 8, 1803, the ducal title became extinct.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Frankenhausen

See also Bad Frankenhausen on Wikipedia; Frankenhausen on Wikipedia; Frankenhausen in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FRANKENHAUSEN, a town of Germany, principality of Schwartzburg-Rudolstadt, is situated on the Little Wipper, 36 miles N.N.E. of Gotha. It consists of an old and a new town, the latter mostly rebuilt since a very destructive fire in 1833, and has an old castle, two churches, a seminary for teachers, a hospital, and a new town-house. Its industries include the manufacture of sugar, cigars, and buttons, and there is a salt mine in the vicinity. At Frankenhausen a battle was fought 15th May 1525, in which the peasants under Thomas Münzer were defeated by the Saxon, Brunswick, and Hessian troops. Population in 1875, 4725.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Frankenberg

See also Frankenberg, Saxony on Wikipedia; Frankenberg on Wikipedia; Frankenberg in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FRANKENBERG, an important manufacturing town of Saxony, circle of Zwickau, is situated on the Zschopau, 7 miles N.E. of Chemnitz. The principal buildings are the great church, restored in 1874–5, and the new town-house. Frankenberg has extensive woollen, cotton, and silk manufactures, and also dye-works and cigar factories. Its educational establishments include a city school, a real school, and a technical school for engineering, in connexion with which there is a chemical laboratory. Population in 1875, 10,462.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Frankenthal

See also Frankenthal on Wikipedia; Frankenthal on Wikipedia; Frankenthal in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FRANKENTHAL, a town in the Rhenish district of Bavaria, is situated on the Isenach, 9 miles N.W. of Mannheim, and is connected with the Rhine by a canal 4 miles in length. It has a poorhouse, an infirmary, a deaf and dumb institution, an asylum for insane, and the ruins of an old monastery. Its principal industries are the manufacture of machinery, bell-founding, and brewing.
Frankenthal existed as a village in the 8th century, but it owes its prosperity to a colony of Flemish Protestant refugees who settled there in 1562. After this it rose very rapidly, so that in 1577 it became a town. The Spaniards made an unsuccessful attempt to capture it in 1621, and it was taken by them in 1623. In 1689 it was burned to the ground by the French, and it delivered itself up to the same power in 1796. Population in 1875, 7907.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Frankfort

See also Frankfort (disambiguation) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
In the 9th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Frankfort may refer to:
* Frankfort, town, Kentucky, U.S.A.;
* Frankfort-on-the-Main, town, Germany; or
* Frankfort-on-the-Oder, town, Prussia.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Franeker

See also Franeker on Wikipedia; Franeker on Wikipedia; Franeker in the 11th Edition; and the disclaimer.
FRANEKER, a town of Holland, province of Friesland, is situated 10 miles W. of Leeuwarden, on the canal between that town and Haarlingen. The university founded here in 1585 was abolished by Napoleon I., and its endowments were diverted in 1815 to the support of an athenæum, and later of a gymnasium, with which a physiological cabinet and a botanical garden are connected. Franeker also possesses a very fine observatory. The university buildings are occupied by an asylum for insane. The chief industries of the town are silk-weaving, woollen spinning, and shipbuilding. Population in 1876, 6643.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-lu

Layout 2
​YÜN-lu. See under Yin-lu.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-jêng

Layout 2
​YÜN-jêng. See under Yin-jêng.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-ssŭ

Layout 2
​YÜN-ssŭ. See under Yin-ssŭ.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yüeh-t'o

Layout 2
​YÜEH-t'o. See under Yoto.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-chih

Layout 2
​YÜN-chih. See under Yin-chih.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-hsiang

Layout 2
​YÜN-hsiang. See under Yin-hsiang.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-t'ang

Layout 2
​YÜN-t'ang. See under Yin-t'ang.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yün-t'i

Layout 2
​YÜN-t'i. See under Yin-t'i.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Yüeh-lo

Layout 2
​YÜEH-lo. See under Yolo.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abaciscus

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abactores

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abadir

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
​ABADIR, a title which the Carthaginians gave to gods of the fist order. In the Roman mythology, it is the name of a stone which Saturn swallowed, believing it to be his new-born son Jupiter: hence it became the object of religious worship.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abactus

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abaco

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abacus

See also Abacus on Wikipedia, and the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
​ABACUS, a table strewed over with dust or sand, upon which the ancient mathematicians drew their figures. It also signified a cupboard, or buffet.
​ABACUS, in architecture, signifies the superior part or member of the capital of a column, and serves as a kind of crowning to both. It was originally intended to represent a square tile covering a basket. The form of the abacus is not the same in all orders: in the Tuscan, Doric, and Ionic, it is generally square; but in the Corinthian and Composite, its four sides are arched inwards, and embellished in the middle with ​some ornament, as a rose or other flower. Scammozzi uses abacus for a concave moulding on the capital of the Tuscan pedestal; and Palladio calls the plinth above the echinus, or boultin, in the Tuscan and Doric orders, by the same name. See plate 1. fig. 1. and Architecture.
Abacus is also the name of an ancient instrument facilitating operations in arithmetic. It is variously contrived. That chiefly used in Europe is made by drawing any number of parallel lines at the distance of two diameters of one of the counters used in the calculation. A counter placed on the lowest line, signifies 1; on the 2d, 10; on the 3d, 100; on the 4th, 1000, &c. In the intermediate spaces, the same counters are estimated at one half of the value of the line immediately superior, viz. between the 1st and 2d, 5; between the 2d and 3d, 50, &c. See plate 1. fig. 2. A B, where the same number, 1768 for example, is represented under both by different dispositions of the counters.
Abacus harmonicus, among musicians, the arrangement of the keys of a musical instrument.
Abacus logisticus, a right-angled triangle, whose sides forming the right angle contain the numbers from 1 to 60, and its area the facta of every two of the numbers perpendicularly opposite. This is also called a cannon of sexagesimals.
Abacus Pythagoricus, the multiplication-table, or any table of numbers that facilitates operations in arithmetic.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abadan

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
​ABADAN, a town of Persia, situated near the mouth of the Tygris.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abaddon

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
​ABADDON, from abad, to destroy; a name given by St John, in the Revelations, to the king of the locusts.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abacoa

See also Abaco Islands on Wikipedia, and the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
​ABACOA, the name of one of the Bahama islands. See Bahama.
# Encyclopædia Britannica, First Edition/Abacot

See also the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1st edition, disclaimer.
# English Caricaturists and Graphic Humourists of the Nineteenth Century/Front matter

ENGLISH CARICATURISTS.
* SOME OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
* "At last we have a treatise upon our caricaturists and comic draughtsmen worthy of the great subject. … An entertaining history of caricature, and consequently of the events, political and social, of the century; in fact, a thoroughly readable and instructive book.Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Prome, and London. And what a number of political occurrences, scandals public and private, movements political and secular, are passed in review ! All these events Mr. Everitt describes at length with great clearness and vivacity, giving us a view of them, so to speak, from the inside."—Pall Mall Gazette.
* "It is a handsome and important volume of 400 pages; the letterpress being a brightly written commentary, abounding with illustrative gossip, on the caricature of the century and the merits of its graphic humourists.Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Prome, and London. It includes a great deal of the more stirring social and political history of the time. The illustrations so plentifully strewn through Mr. Everitt's volume give it a peculiar interest."—St. James's Gazette.
* "The work, which contains a large amount of information and some valuable lists of publications, is illustrated with about seventy wood engravings."—Literary World.
* "A real contribution to the history of the social life of the century. The book is very fully and well illustrated, forming in fact quite a gallery of nineteenth century caricature."—Truth.
* "The plates with which it is illustrated are remarkably well produced, and are useful in themselves, and are neatly and cleary printed, so that they give a capital idea of the originals from which they are prepared."—Saturday Review.
* "Gives an elaborate estimate of the merits of the later caricaturists and a complete account of their lives."—Graphic.
# English Encouragement of Art

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
From Notebook c.1808-1811 p.41. See also: Satiric verses and epigrams.

#### Edited text:

English Encouragement of Art: Cromek’s opinions put into rhyme
IF you mean to please everybody you will
Set to work both ignorance and skill.
For a great multitude are ignorant,
And skill to them seems raving and rant.
5 Like putting oil and water in a lamp,
’Twill make a great splutter with smoke and damp.
For there is no use as it seems to me
Of lighting a lamp, when you don’t wish to see.
________________________________________

#### The original text:

English Encouragement of Art
[First reading]
If you mean to Please Every body you will Set to work both Ignorance & skill For a great multitude are Ignorant And skill to them seems raving & ran 5 Like putting oil & water into a lamp
Twill make a great splutter with smoke & damp For there is no use as it seems to me Of lighting a Lamp when you dont wish to see
English Encouragement of Art
[Final reading]
Cromeks opinions put into Rhyme
If you mean to Please Every body you will Menny wouver both Bunglishness & skill For a great Conquest are Bunglery And Jenous looks to ham like mad Rantery 5 Like displaying oil & water into a lamp
Twill hold forth a huge splutter with smoke & damp For its all sheer loss as it seems to me Of displaying up a light when we want not to see
________________________________________

## Notes

* ↑ The Poetical Works of William Blake, including the unpublished French Revolution together with the Minor Prophetic Books and Selections from The Four Zoas, Milton & Jerusalem; edited with an introduction and textual notes by John Sampson, Hon. D.Litt. Oxon., 1862–1931. London, New York: Oxford University Press, 1908.
* ↑ I print here the earlier and clearer version of this piece, Blake’s subsequent changes being noted below. 2 ‘Menny wouver’ both bunglishness and skill MS. 2nd rdg. 5 putting] displaying MS. 2nd rdg. 6 ’Twill make a great splutter] ’Twill hold forth a huge splutter MS. 2nd rdg. 7 For there is no use] For it’s all sheer loss MS. 2nd rdg. 8 Of displaying up a light when we want not to see MS. 2nd rdg.
* ↑ "The Complete Poetry & Prose of William Blake", ed. by David V. Erdman, Anchor Books, 1988, p. 509-510.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# Epistle to the Ephesians

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Epistle to the Ephesians."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Epistle to the Ephesians, a letter from Paul of Tarsus to the church at Ephesus (1st century), included as a book in the New Testament
* Epistle to the Ephesians, a letter from Ignatius of Antioch to the church at Ephesus (2nd century)
* "Ephesians, Epistle to the," in The American Cyclopædia (1879), an article about Paul's epistle.
# Epistle to the Ephesians (Roberts-Donaldson, Greek)

A parallel translation of both the short and long recensions of Ignatius' letter to the Ephesians.
* "The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians" in Ante-Nicene Christian Library (1867).
* "The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians" in Ante-Nicene Fathers (1885).