OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Charles Ricketts

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​CARTER. (Lieutenant, 1840. f-p., 21; h-p., 1.)
Charles Ricketts Carter, born 28 Nov. 1811, is eldest son of Vice-Admiral Chas. Carter.
This officer entered the Royal Naval College 3 Feb. 1825; and embarked, 6 Feb. 1827, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Sapphire 28, Capt. Henry Dundas, stationed in the Channel. On removing, as Midshipman, 3 March, 1828, to the Blonde 42, Capts. Edmund Lyons and Sir Thos. Sabine Pasley, he proceeded to the Mediterranean, where, in Oct. following, we find him co-operating with the French at the siege of Morea Castle. He next, in July, 1831, joined the Talavera 74, Capts. David Colby and Thos. Brown, on the same station; passed his examination 7 Sept. 1831; and was afterwards, as Mate, appointed – 21 May, 1833, to the Caledonia 120, flag-ship, also in the Mediterranean, of Sir Josias Rowley – 12 Sept. 1837, to the Britannia 120, bearing the flag at Portsmouth of Sir Philip C. C. H. Durham – 22 Nov. 1837, to the Excellent gunnery-ship, Capt. Thos. Hastings – and, 20 Nov. 1838, to the Ganges 84, Capt. Barrington Reynolds. For his services at D’Journi, and otherwise on the coast of Syria, Mr. Carter was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant 5 Nov. 1840; subsequently to which, 28 May, 1841, he joined the Cornwallis 72, flag-ship of Sir Wm. Parker on the coast of China, where he served on shore with the naval brigade at the capture of the enemy’s batteries at Chapoo and Woosung, and in the various other operations which terminated with the pacification of Nanking. He has been employed since 20 June, 1845, in the Canopus 84, Capt. Fairfax Moresby, on the Channel station.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carroll, John Fitzgerald

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​CARROLL. (Lieutenant, 1837.)
John Fitzgerald Carroll died in 1846. He was youngest son of the late Lieut.-Col. John Carroll.
This oflcer entered the Navy 1 May, 1823; passed his examination in 1829; served for some time, as Mate, on board the Columbine steam-vessel, Lieut.-Commander Benj. Aplin, on the Falmouth station; and obtained his commission 10 Jan. 1837. His subsequent appointments were – 23 Feb. in the same year, to the Minden 74, Capt. Alex. Renton Sharpe, employed off Lisbon and in the Mediterranean – 15 Sept. 1840, as First-Lieutenant, to the Hecate steam-vessel, Capt. Jas. Hamilton Ward, on the latter station – and, 11 June, 1845, and 3 March, 1846, in a similar capacity, to the Styx steam-sloop, Capt. Wm. Windham Hornby, and Actaeon 26, Capt. Geo. Mansel, in which vessels he successively served until the period of his death. Agent – J. Hinxman.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Alexander Rodney Bligh

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​CARTER. (Lieutenant, 1846.)
Alexander Rodney Bligh Carter is son of Vice-Admiral Chas. Carter.
This officer passed his examination 29 Oct. 1836; and while Mate of the Daring 12, Capt. Henry Jas. Matson, which vessel he joined towards the close of 1844, jumped overboard and rescued a man from being drowned. He obtained his commission 9 Jan. 1846, and since the 12th of the same month has been serving at the Cape of Good Hope and in the East Indies on board the Snake 16, Capt. Thos. Bourmaster Brown, and Childers 12, Capt. John Chas. Pitman.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Charles (b)

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​CARTER, K.W. (Lieutenant, 1800.)
Charles Carter died 1 Oct. 1845. This officer entered the Navy, in June, 1794, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Polyphemus 64, Capt. Geo. Lumsdaine, bearing the flag of Admiral Rich. Kingsmill on the Irish station, where we find him assisting, as Midshipman, at the capture in Oct. 1795 Dec. 1796, and Jan. 1797, of the Dutch 64-gun ship Overyssel, the French privateer Les Deux Amis, of 14 guns and 80 men, and the 44-gun frigate La Tortue. He was promoted, 23 Sept. 1800, to be a Lieutenant of the Albion sloop, Capt. Jas. Hills, in which ship he proceeded to the Baltic; and on joining, 11 April, 1801, the Asia, Capt. John Dawson, was wrecked, off Dover, in the course of the same year. His next appointment was, 4 Sept. 1804, to the command of the Firebrand fire-vessel; after which he was for some time employed in the Sea Fencibles at Chatham.
Lieut. Carter, who had been on half-pay since 1810, died Governor of the Naval Knights of Windsor. Agent – J. Hinxman.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Charles (a)

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​CARTER. (Vice-Admiral of the Blue, 1846. f-p., 22; h-p., 42.)
Charles Carter is son of the late Rev. H. Carter, Rector of Whittenham, Berks; brother of Capt. Benj. Carter, R.N. (1802), who died, 1 Nov. 1833, in his 61st year, and of the late Brevet-Major Carter, R.M.; and nephew of that celebrated authoress the late Mrs. Elizabeth Carter.
This officer entered the Navy, 10 April, 1783, as Captain’s Servant, on board the Hermione frigate, Capt. John Stone, with whom he continued, on the Halifax and West India stations, until removed, in Aug. 1786, as Midshipman, to the Crown 64, Capt. Chas. Morice Pole, lying at Plymouth. He afterwards served, for three years, again in the West Indies, on board the Scorpion sloop, Capts. Wm. Albany Otway and Sir Chas. Hamilton; was then transferred to the Leopard 50, Capt. John Blankett, in the Channel; and, on 22 Nov. 1790, was promoted, from the Queen Charlotte 100, flag-ship of Lord Howe, to the rank of Lieutenant. His subsequent appointments, in the latter capacity, appear to have been – 15 April, 1791, to the Barfleur 98, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Faulknor, in the Channel, where he served until the ensuing Oct. – 23 Jan. 1793, to the Trimmer 16, Capt. Fras. Fayerman, under whom he aided in capturing Le Courier French privateer – 4 Feb. 1794, to the Alexander 74, Capt. Rich. Rodney Bligh, which ship, after a glorious resistance of more than two hours, and a loss in killed and wounded of 40 men, was taken, 6 Nov. following, by a squadron of five line-of-battle ships and three frigates, under Rear-Admiral Nielly – 22 June, 1795, on his release from a loathsome captivity, to the Magnificent 74, Capt. Squire, in the North Sea – and, 1 March, 1796, as First, to the Galatea 32, Capts. Rich. Goodwin Keats and Hon. Geo. Byng, to the former of whom we find him rendering himself conspicuously useful at the boarding and destruction, 23 Aug. 1796, near Arcasson, of L’Andromaque, of 44 guns and 300 men. On 15 May, 1800, Mr. Carter was advanced to the command of the Adventure 44, armée en flûte, and, from that period until March, 1801, was actively employed in the conveyance of troops to Spain, Minorca, and Portugal. Having attained Post-rank 29 April, 1802, he afterwards commanded, in consequence of his inability to procure employment afloat, the Isle of Wight district of Sea Fencibles from 4 Aug. 1804, to March, 1810 – and the Impress service at Gravesend, from 13 Dec. 1813, to 18 June, 1814, and again from 1 May to 12 Aug. 1815. He became Rear-Admiral 10 Jan. 1837, and a Vice-Admiral 9 Nov. 1846.
He married Maria Holmes, youngest daughter of his old Captain, the late Admiral Sir R. R. Bligh, G.C.B., by whom he has, with other issue, two sons, the present Lieuts. Chas. Ricketts and A. R. B. Carter, R.N., and a daughter, married to Lieut. Joseph Bligh Duffield, R.N. Another daughter, now dead, was the wife of Lieut. Geo. Johnson, R.N.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1795, p. 113.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1796, p. 879.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carroll, William Dacres

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​CARROLL. (Lieutenant, 1842.)
William Dacres Carroll, son of Capt. W. F. Carroll, R.N., C.B., was killed, in 1846, while temporarily on board the President 50, in Simon’s Bay.
This officer entered the Navy 1 Sept. 1832; passed his examination 25 Oct. 1838; and was promoted from the Royal George yacht, Capt. Lord Adolphus FitzClarence, 7 March, 1842. From 21 April, 1842, until the period of his death, he served in the Winchester 50, flag-ship at the Cape of Good Hope of Hon. Josceline Percy. Agent – J. Hinxman.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, James (b)

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​CARTER. (Lieutenant, 1815. f-p., 28; h-p., 17.)
James Carter (b) entered the Navy, 20 May, 1802, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the St. Fiorenzo 40, Capt. Joseph Bingham, on the East India station, where, in Oct. 1804, he removed, with the same Captain, to the Sceptre 74. He afterwards, in Aug. 1809, attended, as Midshipman, the expedition to the Walcheren; and was next, in Dec. of the same year and Feb. 1810, present, under Capt. Sam. Jas. Ballard, at the destruction of the French 44-gun frigates Loire and Seine, as likewise at the capture of Guadeloupe, where he served on shore with the small-arm men. Mr. Carter subsequently joined, between Jan. 1812, and April, 1815, the Boyne 98, flag-ship of Sir Harry Burrard Neale off Brest, Armide 38, Capts. Fras. Temple and Sir Edw. Thos. Troubridge (in which he proceeded to North America), Sceptre, again, Capt. John Ferris Devonshire, In the West Indies, and Asia 74, and Tonnant 80, bearing the flag of Hon. Sir Alex. Inglis Cochrane. While attached to the latter ship, he served on shore at the destruction of Washington, and in the attacks on Baltimore and New Orleans. On quitting the Tonnant he became Acting-Lieutenant of the Melpomene troop-ship, Capt. Robt. Rowley, and on his arrival home in Aug. following he found that he had been officially promoted by commission dated 9 Feb. 1815. His ​next appointments were – 5 March, 1825, and 9 Dec. 1828, to the Coast Blockade, as Supernumerary-Lieutenant of the Hyperion 42, Capt. Wm. Jas. Mingaye, and Ramillies 74, Capt. Hugh Pigot – 21 May, 1832, to the Coast Guard – 30 June, 1834, to the command of the Scout revenue-vessel – 27 June, 1837, to the Coast Guard again – and, 1 Sept. 1841, to the command of the Viper brigantine 6, on the South American station. Since 1845 Lieut. Carter has been on half-pay. Agents – Hallett and Robinson.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cunningham, William Graves James

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​CUNNINGHAM. (Lieutenant, 1841.)
William Graves James Cunningham entered the Navy 10 July, 1823; passed his examination 19 Sept. 1833; and when promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, 23 Nov. 1841, was serving, as Mate, on board the Britannia 120, flag-ship in the Mediterranean of Sir John Acworth Ommanney. His appointments have since been, on the South American station – 22 Feb. and 21 June, 1842, to the Alfred 50, bearing the broad pendant of Commodore John Brett Purvis, and Pearl 20, Capt. Rich. Henry Stopford – and, 22 Jan. 1845, to the Firebrand steam-frigate, Capt. Jas. Hope, in which he is at present employed. Agents – Hallett and Robinson.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cumberland, Richard Edward

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​CUMBERLAND. (Lieut., 1827. f-p., 12; h-p., 21.)
Richard Edward Cumberland, born 23 Sept. 1800, is first cousin of Lieut. Octavius Cumberland, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy, 1 Sept. 1814, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Nightingale 16, Capt. Christ. Nixon, stationed in the North Sea; sailed for the Mediterranean in Dec. 1815, as Midshipman of the Myrmidon 20, Capt. Robt. Gambler; served next, from Nov. 1818, until the summer of 1821 (in the Feb. of which latter year he passed his examination), on the Home and South American stations, on board the Florida 20, Capt. Chas. Sibthorpe John Hawtayne, Severn 50, Capt. Wm. M‘Culloch, and Vengeur 74, Capt. Fred. Lewis Maitland; then joined in succession the Cherokee 10, Capt. Theobald Jones, employed off the west coast of Scotland, and Ramillies 74, Capt. Edw. Brace, stationed at Portsmouth; and, after a further servitude of four years, latterly as Acting-Lieutenant, on board the Isis 50, and Spartiate 74, flag-ships in South America of Sir Geo. Eyre, was confirmed in his present rank 2 Feb. 1827. He has since been on half-pay.
Lieut. Cumberland married 19 Jan. 1828, and has issue five children.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cumby, Charles

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​CUMBY. (Commander, 1813. f-p., 20; h-p., 37.)
Charles Cumby, born 28 Nov. 1779, at Great Yarmouth, co. Norfolk, is son of the late Capt. David Pryce Cumby, R.N., by his second wife, Susanna, daughter of Robt. Marsh, Esq., of the above place; half-brother of the late Capt. Wm. Pryce Cumby, R.N., C.B. (1806); and uncle of the present Lieut. D. C. Cumby, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy 22 May, 1790, on board the Sheerness tender, commanded by his father, then a Lieutenant, in which he served, on the Home station, until March, 1791. From 30 Jan. 1793, until Nov. 1797, he appears to have been next employed, latterly in the Mediterranean, as A.B. and Midshipman, in the Brilliant frigate, Capts. Mark Robinson and Wm. Pierrepont, Regulus armée en flûte, Capt. Wm. Carthew, Alexander and Swiftsure 74’s, both commanded by Capt. A. Philip, and Ville de Paris 110, flag-ship of Earl St. Vincent. He was appointed, on 29 of the month last mentioned, Acting-Lieutenant of La Minerve 38, Capt. Geo. Cockburn; and being confirmed, 4 Jan. 1799, into the Transfer brig, commanded successively by various Captains, was ultimately presented with the order of the Crescent and a gold medal for his services in that vessel under Sir Wm. Sidney Smith on the coast of Syria, and during the subsequent campaign in Egypt. We afterwards find Mr. Cumby appointed – 4 Jan. 1802, to La Carrièrie frigate, Capt. Fred. Lewis Maitland, in which he returned to England – 30 July, 1803, to a command in the Weymouth district of Sea Fencibles – 11 May, 1805, to the Caesar 80, bearing the flag of Sir Rich. John Strachan, under whom he fought at the capture, 4 Nov. following, of four French line-of-battle ships, just escaped from the battle of Trafalgar – 30 Jan. 1808, to the Donegal 74, Capt. Pulteney Malcolm, attached to the Channel fleet – 26 Oct. 1809, to the Adrian cutter, which he commanded for 10 months in Basque Roads – and, 3 Feb. and 21 April, 1813, to the Bellerophon and Medway 74’s, commanded at Portsmouth by Capt. Augustus Brine. He attained his present rank 4 Dec. following; and afterwards commanded the Ordinary at Portsmouth from 18 March, 1833, until 1836. He has since been unemployed.
He married Sarah, youngest daughter of Wm. Gillard, Esq., of Black House, Brixham, co. Devon.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cumming, Arthur

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​CUMMING. (Commander, 1846.)
Arthur Cumming is a near relative, we believe, of Lieut.-General Sir Henry John Cumming, K.C.H., Colonel of the 12th Lancers.
This officer entered the Navy 8 Aug. 1832; passed his examination in 1837; and for his services as Mate of the Cyclops steam-vessel, Capt. Horatio Thos. Austin, during the Syrian campaign, particularly at the taking of Sidon, where he behaved most gallantly, was awarded a commission dated 28 Sept. 1840. His next appointments were – 28 Nov. 1840, and 18 June, 1841, as Additional Lieutenant, to the Princess Charlotte 104, and Britannia 120, flagships in the Mediterranean of Sir Robt. Stopford and Sir John Acworth Ommanney – 13 Sept. 1841, to the Benbow 72, Capt. Houston Stewart, on the same station – and, 5 Nov. 1842, to the Frolic 16, Capt. Wm. Alex. Willis, in which vessel he sailed for South America. From 8 July, 1845, until promoted to the rank of Commander, 9 Nov. 1846, Lieut. Cumming was further employed in the Albion 90, Capt. Nich. Lockyer, on the Channel station. He is now on half-pay. Agents – Messrs. Chard.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cumberland, Octavius

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​CUMBERLAND. (Lieutenant, 1841.)
Octavius Cumberland is first cousin of Lieut. R. E. Cumberland, R.N. This officer entered the Navy 16 April, 1825; passed his examination 22 Dec. 1832; served latterly as Mate on board the Camperdown 104, and Caledonia 120, flag-ships at the Nore and Plymouth of Sir Henry Digby and Sir Graham Moore; and on 23 Nov. 1841, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. His appointments have since been – 3 Dec. 1841, to the Madagascar 44, Capt. John Foote, on the coast of Africa – 2 April, 1845, to the Queen, flag-ship at Devonport of Sir John West – and, 19 March, 1846, as First, to the Brilliant 22, Capt. Rundle Burges Watson, now employed at the Cape of Good Hope. Agents – Messrs. Stilwell.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cuming, Samuel

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​CUMING. (Retired Commander, 1838.)
Samuel Cuming was born 4 Jan. 1769, and died in 1845. He was brother of the late Admiral Wm. Cuming, who commanded the Russell 74, at the battle of Copenhagen, 2 April, 1801.
This officer obtained a Lieutenant’s commission Feb. 1797; and became a Retired Commander 15 Oct. 1838.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cuppage, William

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​CUPPAGE. (Capt., 1830. f-p., 20; h-p., 20.)
William Cuppage is son of the late Lieut.General Wm. Cuppage, of the Royal Artillery; and cousin of Commander Adam Cuppage, R.N., and Lieut. James Heyland, R.N.
This officer entered the Navy, 1 July, 1807, as ​Fst.-cl. -Vol., on board the Stork sloop, Capt. Geo. Le Geyt, stationed in the Channel, where, until April, 1813, he continued to serve, a great part of the time as Midshipman, in the Royal George 100, flag-ship of Sir John Thos. Duckworth, and San Josef 110, Hibernia 110, Armide 38, and Dublin 74, all commanded by Capt. Rich. Dalling Dunn. He then rejoined the San Josef, as Signal Midshipman to Sir Rich. King; and, on 5 Nov. following, had a leg shot off in a skirmish with the fleet off Toulon. After a further attachment to the Thisbe 28, and Impregnable 104, flag-ships in the river Thames and at Plymouth of Hon. Arthur Kaye Legge and Sir J. T. Duckworth, Mr. Cuppage was awarded a commission, dated 6 April, 1815. He subsequently joined, 18 Aug. following, the Rochfort 74, Capt. Sir Arch. Collingwood Dickson, lying at Portsmouth; served, from 3 Oct. in the same year, until 21 Nov. 1820, on board the Magicienne 36, Orlando 36, and Minden 74, flagships in the East Indies of Sir Rich. King; and was next appointed – 20 Aug. 1822, to the Arab sloop, Capt. Wm. Holmes, off the coast of Ireland – 1 July, 1823, to the Isis 50, bearing the flag in the West Indies of Sir Lawrence Wm. Halsted – 10 Aug. 1825, to the Warspite 76, Capt. Sir Jas. Brisbane, on the South American station – and 4 Aug. 1826, and 18 Jan. 1827, to the Boadicea 46, Capt. Wm. Fairbrother Carroll, and Java 52, flagship of Rear-Admiral Wm. Hall Gage, both in the East Indie.s. Of the Java he assumed command, as Second Captain, 24 Dec. 1827; and on the ultimate return of that ship to England was advanced to Post-rank, 22 July, 1830. He has not since been afloat.
Capt. Cuppage obtained, 4 April, 1816, a pension of 91l. 5s. Agents – Messrs. Halford and Co.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cumby, David Charles

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​CUMBY. (Lieut., 1829. f-p., 13; h-p., 13.)
David Charles Cumby is second son of the late Capt.W. P.Cumby, R.N., C.B. (1806), who succeeded Capt. John Cooke in the command of the Bellerophon during the battle of Trafalgar; had charge of a squadron at the siege of St. Domingo in 1809; became afterwards Senior Captain of the Navy; and died Superintendent of Pembroke Dockyard, 27 Sept. 1837. He is nephew of Commander Chas. Cumby, R.N.
This officer entered the Royal Naval College 6 April, 1821; and embarked, in Nov. 1822, on board the Sappho 18, Capt. Jenkin Jones, with whom he served for some time on the coast of Ireland. He afterwards, and in succession, joined, as Midshipman, the Niemen 28, Capt. Provo Wm. Parry Wallis, Atholl 28, Capt. Jas. Arthur Murray, Brazen 26, Capt. Geo. Wickens Willes, and Forte 44, Capt. Jeremiah Coghlan, which ships appear to have been employed on the Home, African, and South American stations. Having passed his examination in Nov. 1827, Mr. Cumby was promoted, 7 Dec. 1829, to a Lieutenancy in the Warspite 76, flag-ship of Rear-Admiral Thos. Baker. He was subsequently appointed – 20 Sept. 1831, and 21 Dec. 1832, to the Fly 18, Capt. Peter M‘Quhae, and Sapphire 28, Capt. Hon. Geo. Rolle Walpole Trefusis, both on the North America and West India station – 11 July, 1835, to the Russell 74, Capt. Sir Wm. Henry Dillon, off Lisbon – and, 20 May, 1837, to the Howe 120, bearing the flag at the Nore of Sir Robt. Waller Otway. He has been on half-pay since 1838.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cull, Thomas (b)

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​CULL. (Lieut., 1812. f-p., 12; h-p., 32.)
Thomas Cull (b) was born, in 1793, at Poole, co. Dorset. This officer entered the Navy, 19 Sept. 1803, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Repulse 74, Capt. Hon. Arthur Kaye Legge. During a period of more than seven years’ continuance in that ship, he appears to have taken part in Sir Robt. Calder’s action with the combined fleets of France and Spain 22 July, 1805 – the capture of the Marengo, of 80 guns, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Linois, and 40-gun frigate Belle Poule, 13 March, 1806 – the taking also of Le President 44, by a squadron under Sir Thos. Louis, 27 Sept. following – the passage of the Dardanells, in Feb. 1807 – and the expedition to the Walcheren, in Aug. 1809. About the latter date he accidentally fell from the fore topmast cross-trees on the lee gangway, and had the misfortune to break two of his ribs. Having passed his examination 13 Aug. 1810, Mr. Cull, when at Gibraltar on his passage home in the Montagu 74, Capt. John Halliday, volunteered, in May, 1811, to join the flotilla service on that and the Cadiz stations. In July following he assumed, with the rank of Acting-Lieutenant, the command of No. 16 gun-boat, and, for his varied services, including his conduct at the defence of Tarifa and his gallantry in several vigorous attacks on the enemy’s privateers and other armed vessels, on one of which occasions he received a wound, was confirmed in his present rank by commission dated 21 March, 1812. On the night of 29 April following we find Mr. Cull, with his gun-vessel, warmly assisting Capt. Thos. Ussher in a valiant boat attack upon the enemy’s privateers and batteries in the Mole of Malaga; an enterprize which, although partially successful, terminated in a loss to the British, out of 149 officers and men, of 15 killed and 53 wounded. He invalided home in the ensuing July; and was next appointed, 29 Jan. 1813, to the Lyra 10, Capts. Robt. Bloye and Dowell O’Reilly. In the course of that and the following year, be actively co-operated with the patriots on the north coast of Spain, where he served at the sieges of Guetaria, Castro, and St. Sebastian, and was also employed in the Rivers Adour and Gironde. He was paid off in Aug. 1815, and has not since been afloat.
Lieut. Cull is a Magistrate for the borough of Totness, in Devonshire. He married, first, in 1815, Miss Jemima Colson, of Exeter, by whom he has issue one daughter; and, secondly, in 1820, Miss Mary Ann Spear, of Monkton, co. Dorset. In 1843 he again became a widower.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spofforth, Reginald

[ D. B. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spindler, Fritz

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spitta, Julius

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spitzflöte

[ J. S. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spianato

[ F. T. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spicato

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spina, Carl

[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Spiritoso

[ G. ]
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Cunningham, Allan

​Cunningham, Allan (1784-1842).—Poet and miscellaneous writer, b. near Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire, in his youth knew Burns, who was a friend of his father's. He was apprenticed to a stonemason, but gave his leisure to reading and writing imitations of old Scottish ballads, which he contributed to Cromek's Remains of Nithsdale and Galloway Song, pub. in 1810, and which gained for him the friendship of Scott and Hogg. Thereafter he went to London, and became a parliamentary reporter, and subsequently assistant to Chantrey, the sculptor, but continued his literary labours, writing three novels, a life of Sir D. Wilkie, and Lives of Eminent British Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, besides many songs, of which the best is A wet sheet and a flowing Sea. He also brought out an ed. of Burns's Works. He had four sons, all of whom rose to important positions, and inherited in some degree his literary gifts.
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