OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hickey, Antony

​HICKEY, ANTONY (d. 1641), theologian, belonged to the Irish family of h-Icidhe, of co. Clare, many members of which practised medicine during some generations. Hickey entered the order of St. Francis, and studied at Louvain under Hugh MacCathmhaoil, or MacCawell, who was subsequently Roman catholic primate of Ireland. He became professor of philosophy and theology at Louvain, and subsequently at Cologne, where his learning secured for him a high reputation. In 1619, by order of the administrators of the Franciscans, he removed from Cologne to Rome, with the object of collaborating with his countryman, Luke Wadding, in the publication of the works of Duns Scotus and the ‘Annales Minorum.’ In 1639 the general assembly of the Franciscans at Rome appointed Hickey to the important post of diffinitor or sub-head of the order. Hickey projected publications on the history and hagiography of Ireland, for which his acquirements and knowledge of the Irish language rendered him specially qualified. He died, before this work was commenced, on 26 June 1641, at St. Isidore's, Rome, where he was buried. Hickey's epitaph was written by Wadding, who entertained great affection for him, and testified to his erudition, humility, and piety. Some unpublished writings by Hickey, of a theological character, remained in the possession of Wadding. A portrait of Hickey is preserved in the college of St. Isidore.
Hickey's published works are: 1. ‘Nitela Franciscanæ religionis, a Dermitio Thadæo,’ Lyons, 1627, a treatise in vindication of the principles of the Franciscan order, in reply to strictures by Abraham Bzovius or Bzowski, a Polish Dominican author. Hickey's pseudonym, ‘Dermitius Thadeus,’ was the name of one of his early instructors. 2. ‘R. P. F. Joannis Duns Scoti, doctoris subtilis, ordinis minorum, quæstiones in lib. iv. sententiarum. Nunc denuo recognitæ, annotationibus marginalibus, doctorumque celebriorum ante quamlibet quæstionem citationibus exornatæ et scholiis per textum insertis illustratæ; cum commentario R. P. F. Antonii Hiquæi, Hiberni, ejusdem ordinis S. Theologiæ lectoris emeriti,’ Lyons, 1639, 3 vols. folio; this annotated edition of parts of the works of Scotus was for the series which Wadding and his Irish associates undertook with the patronage of the king of Spain. Hickey did his work by order of Giovanni Campanea, minister-general of the Franciscans, and at the request of members of that order. By direction of the cardinals of the congregation of ​rites, Hickey compiled materials for the revised offices of the church for the festival of St. Catherine of Siena.
[Archives of Irish Franciscans; MSS. Royal Irish Academy, Dublin; Scriptores Ordinis Minorum, Rome, 1650; Epitome Annalium Ordinis Minorum, Rome, 1662; H. Sbaraleæ Supplementum ad Scriptores Trium Ordinum, Rome, 1806; Rome, Ancient and Modern, by J. J. Donovan, D.D., 1843.]
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hibbs, Richard

​HIBBS, RICHARD (1812?–1886), miscellaneous writer, born about 1812, studied at St. John's College, Cambridge (of which he was scholar), and proceeded B.A. in 1841 and M.A. in 1844. He took orders, and was ​ curate at Corton, near Lowestoft (1843–8); teacher and preacher at Lowestoft (1848–1852); curate of St. Paul's, Covent Garden (1852); and assistant minister of St. John's Chapel, Edinburgh (1852–4). His connection with this last terminated somewhat suddenly. A bitter controversy with the incumbent led him to establish the New Church of England Chapel, St. Vincent Street, where he laboured for some years. He subsequently fulfilled the duties of British chaplain at Lisbon, Rotterdam, and Utrecht. He died at 13 St. Lawrence Road, North Kensington, on 26 March 1886. Hibbs's chief work, founded on personal investigation, is ‘Prussia and the Poor; or Observations upon the Systematised Relief of the Poor at Elberfeld in contrast with that of England,’ 1876; 4th ed. 1883. He also published, besides separate sermons: 1. ‘The Substance of a Series of Discourses on Baptism,’ 1848. 2. ‘God's Plea for the Poor,’ 1851. 3. ‘Scottish Episcopal Romanism; or Popery without a Pope, in reply to Bishop Wordsworth's “Theory and Practice of Christian Unity,”’ Edinburgh, 1856, 12mo. 4. ‘Truth Vindicated, or Some Account of the New Church of England Chapel in Edinburgh,’ 1858; 4th ed. 1859.
[Academy, 10 April 1886, pp. 255–6, Hibbs's Works; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
F. W-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hickey, Thomas

​HICKEY, THOMAS (fl. 1760–1790), painter, was born in Dublin and studied in the Academy there. He visited Italy and studied at Rome, and on his return practised as a portrait-painter in London. In the Mansion House at Dublin there are portraits by him of George, first marquis Townshend (1769), and of John, fourth duke of Bedford. In London there is at the Garrick Club a portrait of Mrs. Abington, and at the Magdalen Hospital a full-length portrait of Mr. Justice Park. Hickey's portrait of Daniel Race, chief cashier to the Bank of England (1772), was engraved in mezzotint by J. Watson. Hickey also practised at Bath, and appears to have visited India, being probably the author of ‘The History of Painting and Sculpture from the Earliest Accounts,’ published (vol. i. only) at Calcutta in 1788. He accompanied Lord Macartney's embassy to China in 1792. A drawing of a Chinese scene is now in the print room at the British Museum.
Hickey, John (1756–1795), sculptor, elder brother of the above, born in Dublin in 1756, was pupil of Mr. Cranfield, a wood-carver, and after practising some time in Dublin with success, came to London. He was patronised by Edmund Burke, and became a student in the Royal Academy, where in 1778 he obtained the gold medal for a bas-relief of ‘The Slaughter of the Innocents.’ He showed great promise, but intemperate habits caused his early death in London, 12 Jan. 1795.
[Pasquin's Artists of Ireland; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Corderoy, Jeremy

​CORDEROY, JEREMY (fl. 1600), divine, was the son of a Wiltshire gentleman. He was sent about 1577 to St. Alban Hall, Oxford, and after taking his degree in arts in due course continued to reside there for the purpose of studying theology. He took holy orders, and in 1590 was appointed a chaplain of Merton College, a post which he occupied for at least thirteen years and possibly longer. He was the author of two small works: ‘A Short Dialogue, wherein is proved that no Man can be Saved without Good Works,’ Oxford, 1604, 12mo, 2nd edit.; and ‘A Warning for Worldlings, or a Comfort to the Godly and a Terror to the Wicked, set forth Dialoguewise between a Scholler and a Trauailer,’ London, 1608, 12mo. In the latter, which is an argument against atheism, the ‘scholler’ would appear to be meant for Corderoy himself, and speaks of his not having been preferred to any living, since, although some had been offered to him, they were not such as he could enter into with a good conscience.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss) ii. 47; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
A. V.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cordiner, Charles

​CORDINER, CHARLES (1746?–1794), writer on antiquities, became episcopalian minister of St. Andrew's Chapel, Banff, in 1769. He was the author of ‘Antiquities and Scenery of the North of Scotland, in a series of Letters to Thomas Pennant,’ London, 1780; and ‘Remarkable Ruins and Romantic Prospects of North Britain, with Ancient Monuments and singular subjects of Natural History,’ 2 vols. London, 1788–95. This work, which is illustrated with engravings by Peter Mazell, was published in parts, but Cordiner did not live to see the publication of the last part. He died at Banff 18 Nov. 1794, aged 48, leaving a widow and eight children. James Cordiner [q. v.] was his son.
[Advertisement to Remarkable Ruins and Romantic Prospects; Scots Magazine, lvi. 735.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Corey, John

​COREY, JOHN (fl. 1700–1731), actor and dramatist, came of an ancient family in Cornwall, and was born in Barnstaple. He was entered at New Inn for the study of the law, but abandoned that profession for the stage. In 1701 he produced at Lincoln's Inn Fields ‘A Cure for Jealousy,’ 4to, 1701, a poor comedy which met with no success. It was followed at the same house, 2 Oct. 1704, by ‘Metamorphosis, or the Old Lover outwitted,’ 4to, 1704, a farce said by the author to be taken from Molière, but in fact extracted from ‘Albumazar’ by Tomkis. These were his only dramatic essays, though ‘The Generous Enemies,’ 4to, 1672, by another John Corey, licensed 30 Aug. 1671, has been erroneously ascribed to him. His first recorded appearance as an actor took place on 21 Oct. 1702, when at Lincoln's Inn Fields he played Manly in ‘The Beau's Duel, or a Soldier for the Ladies,’ by Mrs. Carroll, afterwards Mrs. Centlivre. For twenty-nine years he played at this house, the Haymarket, or Drury Lane, acting at first young lovers in comedy, and afterwards characters in dramas, but seldom apparently in his long career being troubled with a part of primary importance. Dorante in the ‘Gamester,’ an adaptation of ‘Le Joueur’ of Regnard, 22 Feb. 1705; Seyton in ‘Macbeth,’ 1708; Numitorius in Dennis's ‘Appius and Virginia,’ 5 Feb. 1709; Egbert in Aaron Hill's ‘Elfrid, or the Fair Inconstant,’ 3 Jan. 1710; Gonsalvo in the ‘Perfidious Brother,’ claimed by Theobald and by Mestayer, 21 Feb. 1716, and Amiens in ‘Love in the Forest,’ an adaptation of ‘As you like it,’ 9 Jan. 1723, indicate fairly his range. According to Isaac Reed's unpublished ‘Notitia Dramatica’ he played 26 April 1725 Macbeth for his benefit. He is unmentioned in the ‘Apology’ of Cibber, with whom he constantly acted. He was short in stature and his voice was poor, but he was otherwise a fair actor. The ‘Biographia Dramatica’ says he died ‘about 1721.’ He was on the stage, however, ten years later, since on 31 May 1731 his name appears as filling the part of Sir William Worthy in ‘Patie and Peggy,’ an alteration by Theophilus Cibber of Allan Ramsay's ‘Gentle Shepherd,’ and it is to be found in the playbills of intervening years.
[Genest's Account of the English Stage; Baker, Reed, and Jones's Biographia Dramatica; Isaac Reed's MS. Notitia Dramatica; List of Dramatic Authors; Appendix to Whincop's Scanderbeg, 1747.]
J. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Corfe, Arthur Thomas

​CORFE, ARTHUR THOMAS (1773–1863), organist and composer, third son of Dr. Joseph Corfe [q. v.], was born 9 April 1773, at Salisbury, where his father was organist. In early life he was a pupil of a Mr. Antram of Salisbury, and in 1783 he became a chorister of Westminster Abbey under Dr. Cooke. He was for some time a pupil of ​Clementi for the pianoforte, and in 1796 he married Frances, daughter of the Rev. J. Davies, vicar of Padworth, Berkshire, by whom he had fourteen children. In 1804, on the resignation of his father, he succeeded him as organist of the cathedral, and by 1813 he had got the choir into a state of remarkable perfection, if we may believe the account given of the Salisbury service by a correspondent of the ‘Gentleman's Magazine’ of that date. In 1828 he organised and undertook at his own risk a festival at Salisbury, which took place with very great success on 19–22 Aug. of that year. He himself conducted the whole of the performances, and his eldest son, John Davis Corfe (1804–1876), who was organist of Bristol Cathedral for more than fifty years, played the organ for his father. Among the solo singers were Miss Paton, Mme. Caradori-Allan, and Braham. Corfe's work as a composer is not remarkable. He wrote a service and a few anthems, besides some pianoforte pieces. He published also a good many arrangements of different kinds, and a book on ‘The Principles of Harmony and Thorough-bass.’ Towards the end of his life his health showed signs of failing, but he attended the daily service regularly until the end. On 28 Jan. 1863 he was found in the early morning dead, kneeling by his bedside as if in prayer. He was buried in the cloisters of the cathedral. Several of his sons were choristers at Magdalen College, Oxford. His fourth son, George, became resident medical officer at the Middlesex Hospital, and wrote several medical treatises. His younger son, Charles William (b. 1814), took the degree of Mus. Doc. (Oxon. 1852), and was organist of Christ Church, Oxford, from 1846 to his retirement shortly before his death on 16 Dec. 1883. He was appointed choragus to the university in 1860, and published several glees, part-songs, anthems, &c.
[Grove's Dict. of Music; Quarterly Musical Mag. x. 1, 140, &c.; Gent. Mag. 3rd ser. xiv. 394; Brown's Biog. Dict. of Musicians; information from the family.]
J. A. F. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Corfe, Joseph

​CORFE, JOSEPH (1740–1820), born at Salisbury in 1740, was in all probability a relation of the two musicians of that name who were lay vicars of Winchester Cathedral near the end of the seventeenth century, and of a James Corfe who published some songs under initials about 1730–50. Joseph Corfe received his early musical education from Dr. Stephens, the organist of the cathedral, and was for some time one of the choristers. On 21 Feb. 1783 he was appointed one of the gentlemen of the Chapel Royal. He had previously been made a lay vicar of Salisbury, and in 1792 was given the post of cathedral organist there. He had appointed his son, John Corfe, as his deputy in the Chapel Royal, on 2 April 1791. In 1804 he resigned the post of organist in favour of his son, Arthur Thomas Corfe [q. v.], and died in 1820, shortly before 1 Oct., on which date his successor was appointed to the Chapel Royal. His chief original production is a volume of church music, containing a well-known service in B flat, and eleven anthems. He wrote also thirty-six glees, mainly arranged from familiar melodies, selections of sacred musical compositions, a ‘Treatise on Singing,’ and ‘Thorough-bass simplified, or the whole Theory and Practice of Thorough-bass laid open to the meanest capacity.’ In estimating his works, it must be remembered that he was a contemporary of Jackson of Exeter, and that the influences which formed that most insipid composer were not unfelt by him. Though some of the verses and other portions of the anthems in his volume show the weaknesses which were prevalent at the time, they are more than made up for by the strength and interest of many of the grander numbers, in which a sound fugal style is frequently apparent.
[Grove's Dict. of Music; Cheque Books of the Chapel Royal; Quarterly Musical Mag. i. 156; Bemrose's Chant Book; compositions in British Museum.]
J. A. F. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cochrane, Thomas John

​COCHRANE, Sir THOMAS JOHN (1789–1872), admiral of the fleet, eldest son of Admiral Sir Alexander Forrester Inglis Cochrane [q. v.], was born on 6 Feb. 1789, was entered as a volunteer on board the Thetis in 1796 [cf. Cochrane, Thomas, tenth Earl of Dundonald], and continued to serve under his father's pennant, or flag, till June 1805, when he was made lieutenant into the Jason. In September 1805 he was advanced to be commander of the Nimrod, on 23 Jan. 1806 to be acting captain of the Jason, and was confirmed in the rank on 23 April 1806, being then only two months over seventeen. It is this rapid promotion that constitutes Cochrane's principal claim to distinction, but which, carried out as it was by the commander-in-chief of a foreign station, in defiance of the admiralty instructions, and for the advantage of his son, can only be called gross jobbery. There were few instances so flagrant as this of a practice then not uncommon. The same interest which had promoted Cochrane was able to keep him employed. He continued in the West Indies till 1809, and after two years on half-pay commanded the Surprise frigate on the coast of North America till the peace. From 1820 to 1824 he commanded the Forte on the same station, and on 23 Nov. 1841 attained the rank of rear-admiral. From 1842 to 1845 he was second in command in China, with his flag in the Agincourt, and was commander-in-chief from 1845 to 1847. He was afterwards (1852-5) commander-in-chief at Portsmouth, and he died in 1872.
In due course of seniority he became viceadmiral on 14 Jan. 1850, admiral on 31 Jan. 1856, and admiral of the fleet on 12 Sept. 1865. He was knighted (29 May 1812) as proxy for his father at his installation as K.B. He was himself made C.B. on 18 April 1839, K.C.B. on 2 Nov. 1847, and G.C.B. on 18 May 1860. He was twice married, and had a numerous family.
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cochrane, James

​COCHRANE, Sir JAMES (1798–1883), chief justice of Gibraltar, son of Thomas Cochrane, speaker of the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, was born in that colony in 1798. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1829, was appointed attorney-general at Gibraltar in 1837, and in that place he spent the rest of his life. He was made chief justice there in 1841, was knighted in 1845, and he retained his high office for thirty-six years, resigning in 1877. Upon that occasion General Lord Napier of Magdala, governor of the fortress, said of him : 'During the long time that Sir James Cochrane has presided over the supreme court at Gibraltar he has eminently maintained the high character of the bench. The clearness of his judgment, the wisdom of his decisions, and his personal character have commanded the respect of all classes of the community. He has done much for the lower classes, and his firmness and perfect fairness have helped greatly to dispel from the city of Gibraltar the crime of using the knife, which was unfortunately once so prevalent.' Cochrane married in 1829 Theresa, daughter of Colonel William Haly, who died in 1873. ​He died at Glenrocky, his house in Gibraltar, on 24 June 1883, leaving one son, the Rev. Thomas Cochrane, rector of Stapleford Abbotts in Essex.
H. M. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cochrane, John (d.1650?)

​COCHRANE, Sir JOHN (d. 1650?) soldier and diplomatist, was the eldest son of Alexander Blair, who on his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of William Cochrane of Cochrane, assumed the name of Cochrane. His younger brother William [q. v.] became first earl of Dundonald. He was in command of a regiment at Edinburgh in 1640, and in the following year was implicated in the plot for seizing the chiefs of the parliamentary party. He was arrested, but being released on bail, joined the king at York in 1642. Thence he was sent by Charles to Denmark to solicit help in men or money, and returning with the Danish ambassador, who was instructed to attempt to mediate between the king and the parliament, was arrested in London. Having regained his liberty he was placed by the king in command of Towcester in 1643. His estates were forfeited in the following year. He was subsequently employed in raising money for the royal cause in Hamburg, Danzig, and Poland. He was living in 1650, and probably died before the Restoration. His wife was a Butler of the Ormonde family.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cochrane, John (d.1695?)

​COCHRANE, Sir JOHN (d. 1695?), of Ochiltree, second son of William Cochrane, the first Earl of Dundonald [q. v.], by Eupheme, daughter of Sir William Scot of Ardross, Fife, was implicated in Monmouth's conspiracy and the Rye House plot (1683), but escaped to Holland, where he remained till the death of Charles II. On the accession of James II he was attainted while still abroad. He took part in Argyll's insurrection in 1685, on the suppression of which he was harboured for a time by his kinsman, Gavin Cochrane of Renfrew. Betrayed by Gavin Cochrane's wife, whose brother had fallen in a skirmish on the royalist side, he was carried to Edinburgh, led through the streets by the hangman, and lodged in the Tolbooth. Charged with high treason he is said by Fountainhall to have turned approver and saved his head. Burnet states that the Earl of Dundonald bought his son's pardon by a payment of 5,000l. to 'the priests,' and denies that Cochrane disclosed anything of importance. On the promulgation of the declaration of indulgence he was employed (1687) to urge its acceptance upon the presbyterians. His estates were restored to him in 1689. He subsequently held the position of farmer of the poll tax, and in 1695, failing to give satisfactory account of moneys received by him in that capacity, was committed to prison. The date of his death is uncertain. By his wife Margaret, daughter of Sir William Strickland of Boynton, Yorkshire, one of Cromwell's lords of parliament, he had two sons.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cochrane, John Dundas

​COCHRANE, JOHN DUNDAS (1780–1825), traveller, was a nephew of Sir Alexander Cochrane [q. v.] and grandson of the eighth Earl of Dundonald. Having entered the royal navy when ten years old, he served, chiefly in West and East Indian waters, until the peace of 1814. He then made a tour on foot through France, Spain, and Portugal. Returning to England in 1820 he offered his services to the admiralty for the exploration of the Niger, but receiving an unfavourable answer, left England with the intention of making the tour of the world by way of Russia, Siberia, and North America. He travelled by Dieppe, Paris, and Berlin to St. Petersburg, most of the way on foot for the sake of economy. His subsequent progress was facilitated by the Russian government, who supplied him with the means to hire horses, sledges, and canoes. He reached Okhotsk in June 1821, having left England in February 1820. While in Kamschatka he married a lady of the country and abandoned the idea of prosecuting his journey any further. He returned to Europe by way of St. Petersburg, which he reached in June 1823. In June 1824 he left England for South America, with the design of engaging in the mining industry, returned to England in the ensuing year, but after a brief stay sailed again for America. He died the same year of a fever at Valencia in Colombia, now Venezuela. Cochrane published in 1824 'Narrative of a Pedestrian Journey through Russia and Siberian Tartary,' London, 8vo. The work passed through several editions. It is written in a lively style and contains much interesting incident. Of scientific value it is entirely destitute.
J. M. R.