# History of Public School Education in Arizona

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BULLETIN, 1918, No. 17
HISTORY OF PUBLIC SCHOOL
EDUCATION IN ARIZONA
By STEPHEN B. WEEKS BUREAU OF EDUCATION
CONTENTS.
| | Page. |
| Chapter I.—The setting for public schools | 5 |
| Early history; educational efforts by the church | 5 |
| Statistical view of population growth | 7 |
| Chapter II.—The beginnings of public-school legislation, 1864–1869 | 9 |
| Organization of the Territory | 9 |
| The Howell code and its educational provisions | 10 |
| Education in the legislature of 1864 | 10 |
| The school law of 1867 | 13 |
| The school law of 1868 | 14 |
| McCrea on these early efforts | 16 |
| Chapter III.—The administration of Gov. Safford—The State superintendency established, 1869–1877 | 18 |
| Gov. Safford’s message to the legislature of 1871 | 18 |
| I. The basic act of 1871 | 20 |
| Reports on the act of 1871—Gov. Safford’s work | 22 |
| The situation in 1873 | 24 |
| Wasson’s review in 1874 | 26 |
| II. The situation in 1875 | 27 |
| The church and state situation in 1875 | 28 |
| Last years of Safford’s administration | 29 |
| III. Progress up to 1879—Beginnings in the cities | 30 |
| The development of schools in various centers | 31 |
| Chapter IV.—The superintendent made an independent officer—Administrations of Sherman and Horton, 1879–1885 | 37 |
| I. The act of 1879 and the new development | 37 |
| II. Sherman becomes the first independent Territorial superintendent | 40 |
| III. Horton becomes superintendent, 1883–1885 | 45 |
| Chapter V.—Organizing the school system, 1885–1887 | 51 |
| I. The school laws of 1885 and 1887 | 52 |
| II. Administration of Supt. Long, 1885–1887 | 55 |
| Chapter VI.—Reaction and progress, 1887–1899 | 61 |
| Summary of this period | 61 |
| Reaction in 1887 | 62 |
| Educational legislation in 1891 | 66 |
| Further fortunes of the schools | 66 |
| Chapter VII.—Further growth and development during the Territorial period, 1889–1912 | 73 |
| I. Second administration of Robert L. Long, 1899–1902 | 74 |
| II. Administration of Nelson G. Layton, 1902–1906 | 76 |
| III. Third administration of Robert L. Long, 1906–1909 | 80 |
| IV. Administration of Kirk T. Moore, 1901–1912 | 85 |
| Chapter VIII.—The first State administration of schools | 88 |
| Public lands provided for the schools | 88 |
| Supt. Case becomes State superintendent | 89 ​ |
| Territorial Industrial School | 91 |
| School for the deaf, dumb, and blind | 92 |
| Rural supervision and pensions | 92 |
| I. The county superintendent | 95 |
| II. Arizona Teachers’ Association | 96 |
| III. Educational journalism | 97 |
| IV. School surveys | 98 |
| V. City and high schools | 100 |
| VI. The normal schools | 108 |
| The Tempe Normal School | 109 |
| The Flagstaff Normal School | 111 |
| Chapter IX. The school lands | 116 |
| I. The public school lands | 117 |
| (a) The Salt River school lands | 118 |
| (b) Amount and distribution of school lands | 121 |
| (c) National forest lands | 122 |
| (d) School lands and Indian reservations | 123 |
| II. The institutional lands | 124 |
| III. The land law of 1915 | 126 |
| Chapter X.—The past, the present, and the future | 129 |
| Public school statistics, 1870–1916 | 136 |
| Bibliography | 138 |
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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