OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Frau

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Frau. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Frau, feminine, ‘mistress, lady, wife, woman,’ from Middle High German vrouwe, Old High German frouwa, feminine, ‘mistress, gentlewoman, lady, wife, woman’; originally perhaps only a High German feminine form (‘wife of the master, mistress of the house’), of Old High German frô, ‘master,’ which became obsolete in German, just as in Romance dominus disappeared in many dialects while domina (in the forms donna, dame) was retained in the entire group; compare Schwieger. See Frohndienst. Frouwa, in the form of frua, found its way into Old Low German, and thence as frú into Scandinavian; the word remained unknown to English. The feminine form was Old Teutonic (Gothic *fraujô, feminine), and was used in Scandinavian — changed according to phonetic laws into Freyja — as the name of a goddess. In the Middle High German period frouwe was popularly connected by a graceful fancy with freuen, fröuwen; compare. Freidank’s saw, “Durch vröude vrouwen sind genant, Ir vröude ervröuwet elliu lant, Wie wol er vröude kante, Der sie êrste vrouwen nante” — “Woman is named from the joy she gives, Her favours fill the world with bliss, What a deep sense of joy had he, Who first named it woman.” See Jungfer and the following word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Frauenzimmer

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Frauenzimmer. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Frauenzimmer, neuter, ‘woman,’ from late Middle High German vrouwenzimmer, neuter, ‘women's apartment’; the connecting link in meaning is collective, ‘the body of women residing in its own apartments, the female inhabitants of the gynæceum,’ also ‘retinue of a lady of high rank,’ just as Hof (court) is used collectively of ‘the people at court.’ “The application of a collective term to an individual” is analogous to the use of ​Bursche and Kamerad; the modern sense dates from the beginning of the 17th century.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/munkeln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry munkeln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ munkeln, verb, ‘to whisper secretly,’ Modern High German only; from the Teutonic root munk, mū̆k. See meuchel-.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mucksen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mucksen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mucksen, see mucken.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mumuneln

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mumuneln. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mumuneln, verb, ‘to mumble.’ preceding word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mucken

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mucken. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mucken, verb, ‘to grumble,’ first occurs in early Modern High German, probably akin to late Middle High German mûgen, ‘to roar,’ which may be allied to μυκάομαι, ‘to roar’ (see Mücke). Perhaps it is also connected with Muckser; it is based on Middle High German muckzen, muchzen, Old High German muccazzen, ‘to whisper, grumble’; apparently, however, it is better connected with the Teutonic root mū̆k, ‘to pretend to know secrets,’ discussed under meuchel-. To this also belongs the simply Modern High German Mucker, ‘sulky person, grumbler,’ properly ‘religions hypocrite,’ in which sense the word first appeared in Jena in the early part of the 18th century to denote the adherents of the pietist theologian Buddeus.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/muhen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry muhen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ muhen, verb, ‘to low,’ from late Middle High German mühen, müwen, mügen, ‘to roar’; perhaps allied to Greek μυκάομαι but more probably a recent onomatopoetic form.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mit

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mit. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mit, preposition and adverb, from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German mit, preposition, ‘with,’ and the Middle High German adverb mite, Old High German miti; corresponding to Gothic miþ, mid, adverb and preposition, ‘with,’ Anglo-Saxon mid, obsolete in English (except in midwife). Teutonic mid, earlier midi, represents, according to the permutation of consonants, pre-Teutonic miti or meti, and hence is allied to Greek μετὰ, Zend maṭ, ‘with,’ It might also be connected with the cognates discussed under mitz, meaning ‘reciprocal.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/morsch

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry morsch. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ morsch, adjective, ‘decaying, rotten,’ a Middle German and Low German word with the variant mors; a recent derivative of the root murs. See Mörser.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mittel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mittel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mittel, adjective, ‘middle, interior,’ from Middle High German mittel, Old High German mittil, adjective, ‘medius, situated in the middle’; Anglo-Saxon middel, English middle, adjective, a derivative of Old Teutonic miðja-, ‘middle,’ discussed under mitte; the originally form of this derivative was Gothic *midala-, authenticated by Old High German mëtal, adjective, ‘middle.’ —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/missen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry missen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ missen, verb, ‘to be without, do without,’ from Middle High German and Old High German missen, ‘to miss’; compare Anglo-Saxon missan, English to miss, and the equivalent Old Icelandic missa; Gothic *missjan is wanting. It is clearly connected with West Teutonic mîþan, ‘to avoid,’ which is related to an old participle missa- (for *miþta- with -tó-), meaning ‘avoided, frustrated’; compare meiden and miß.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/mitte

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry mitte. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ mitte, adjective, obsolete as an independent word, but preserved in derivatives; Middle High German mitte, Old High German mitti, adjective, ‘medius’; compare Anglo-Saxon midd, preserved in English only in midriff, Anglo-Saxon mid-hrif (hrif, ‘body,’ Latin corpus), English midnight, mid-Lent, midland, midwinter, &c., and in the derivatives midst, middle, &c.; Gothic midjis, ‘medius.’ It is a common Teutonic and Aryan adjective, pre-historic médhyo-s; compare Sanscrit mádhyas, Greek μέσος for *μέϑjος, Latin medius, Old Slovenian mežda, feminine (from medja), ‘middle.’ — Mittag, ‘mid-day,’ Mittfasten, ‘mid-Lent,’ Mittwoch, ‘Wednesday’; Mitternacht, ‘midnight,’ is properly a dative singular, originating in Middle High German ze mitter naht, Old High German zi mitteru naht, its frequent locative use (in this case to denote time when) becoming predominant as it did in names of places (e.g. Baden, properly dative plural, originated in Middle High German ze Baden, ‘at the baths,’ Sachsen, dative plural, Middle High German ze Sahsen, ‘in Saxony,’ literally ‘among the Saxons’). In Middle High German, however, mitnaht was also used for Old High German mittinaht. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeh

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeh. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeh, masculine and feminine, ‘toe,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zéhe, Old High German zéha, feminine; corresponding to Dutch teen, Anglo-Saxon tâhœ, tâ, English toe, and the equivalent Old Icelandic tá. Beside the base taihôn, taihwôn (Bavarian zéchen and Swabian zaichen), assumed by these forms, Middle High German and Low German dialects prove the existence of a variant taiwón (from taigwôn, taihwôn); Swiss and Middle Rhenish zêb, zêbe, Franconian and Henneberg. zêwe, Thuringian zîwe. Pre-Teutonic daiqâ-n, ‘toe,’ is usually connected with Greek δάκτυλος (Latin digitus?) ‘finger,’ which, on account of the sounds, is, however, improbable, especially as the Teutonic word is always used in the sense of ‘toe.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeit

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeit. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeit, feminine, ‘time, epoch, period, tense,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German zit, feminine and neuter (Old High German zîd, neuter); corresponding to Old Saxon tîd, Dutch tijd, Anglo-Saxon tîd, English tide (compare Dutch tij, which is also used of the flow of the sea). The root of Teutonic tî-di-, ‘time,’ is tî-, as is proved by the equivalent Old Icelandic tíme, Anglo-Saxon tîma, English time (compare Gothic hweila under Weile). A corresponding Aryan root dī̆ is presupposed by Sanscrit a-diti, ‘unlimited in time and space, unending, endless’ (the name of the goddess Aditi). Other Teutonic derivatives of the same root are Zeile and Ziel, which also point to the ‘limitless in time or space’. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeitung

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeitung. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeitung, feminine, ‘newspaper, gazette,’ from late Middle High German zîtunge, ‘information, news’; compare Dutch tijding, English tidings, Old Icelandic tiðende, ‘tidings.’ The evolution of the meaning from the stem of Zeit is not quite clear; compare, however, English to betide.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zehntel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zehntel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zehntel, see Teil. Compare also -zig.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeisig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeisig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeisig, masculine, ‘siskin,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zîsec, usually zîse, feminine. Borrowed, like Stieglitz and Kiebitz, from Slavonic (Polish czyż, Bohemian čižek), whence also Low German ziseke, sieske, Dutch sijsje. English siskin, Danish sisgen, Swedish siska.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeichen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeichen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeichen, neuter, ‘sign, mark, token, signal, ​symptom, indication,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zeichen, Old High German zeihhan, neuter; corresponding to Old Saxon têkan, Dutch teeken, Anglo-Saxon tâcn, English token, and the equivalent Gothic taikns. A derivative of the Aryan root dī̆g, dī̆k, which appears also in zeihen and zeigen; this root with k is contained further in Anglo-Saxon tœ̂čęan, English to teach (compare the g of Latin dignus, prodigium, and of Greek δεῖγμα). — Derivative zeichnen, verb, ‘to mark, draw, delineate,’ from Middle High German zeichenen, Old High German zeihhanen; literally ‘to furnish with marks.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeidler

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeidler. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeidler, masculine, ‘keeper of bees, from the equivalent Middle High German zîdelœre, Old High German zîdalâri, masculine; a derivative of Old High German zîdal-, Middle High German zîdel-, especially in the compound zîdalweida, Middle High German zîdelweide, ‘forest in which bees are kept.’ This zîdal (pre-High German *tîþlo- probably appears also in Low German tielbär, ‘honey-bear’) does not occur in any other Old Teutonic dialect, but it is not necessary on that account to assume a foreign origin for the word. The word is supposed to have come from Slavonic territory, where the keeping of bees is widely spread, being based on Old Slovenian bĭčela, ‘keeper of bees’ (compare Lebkuchen); but this derivation is not quite probable. Its connection with Seidelbast (Middle High German zîdel-, sîdelbast) and Zeiland is equally uncertain.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeitlose

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeitlose. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeitlose, feminine, ‘meadow saffron,’ from Middle High German zîtlôse, Old High German zîtilôsa; the name of the plant is due to the fact that it does not bloom at the ordinary period of flowering plants. —
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeiland

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeiland. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeiland, masculine, ‘spurge laurel,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zîlant; scarcely allied to Middle High German zîl, ‘briar’; more probably connected with Seidelbast. Compare Zeidler.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Zeile

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Zeile. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Zeile, feminine, ‘line, row, rank,’ from the equivalent Middle High German zîle, Old High German zîla, feminine (late Middle High German also ‘lane’). A specifically High German derivative of the Teutonic root tī̆ from which Ziel and Zeit are also derived.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, Rev. Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, Rev. Edward, s. Richard, Viscount Powerscourt. Brasenose Coll., matric. 24 April, 1811, aged 18; B.A. 1816, M.A. 1818, died 6 Sep., 1825, brother of William 1818. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, John (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, John, s. John, of Stamford, co. Lincoln, arm. Hertford Coll., matric. 26 Feb., 1750-1, aged 17, B.A. 1755; M.A. from King's Coll., Cambridge, 1760, baptised at Tickencote 11 Jan., 1733-4, died 14 June, 1773, father of the next named.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, John (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, John, s. John, of Market Overton, Rutland, arm. Christ Church, matric. 17 Oct., 1781, aged 18; of Tickencote, died 4 Feb., 1841.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, John (3)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, John, s. Rowland, of Shrewsbury, Salop, arm. Christ Church, matric. 3 Nov., 1787, aged 18; B.A. 1793, of Onslow, Salop, high sheriff 1814, lieut.-colonel in the army, died 31 Aug., 1862.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, John (4)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, John. Christ Church, 1790. See Stratford, page 1364.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, Richard (6th) Viscount Powerscourt

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, Richard (6th) Viscount Powerscourt, 1s. Richard, Viscount Powerscourt. Christ Church, matric. 12 Feb., 1833, aged 18; M.P. Bath 1837-41, died 11 Aug., 1844. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, Rowland (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, Rowland, s. Borlace, of Preston, Salop, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 10 Oct., 1746, aged 18; of Preston Brockhurst, and of Onslow, Salop, high sheriff 1753, died 10 Aug., 1818, father of Rowland, next named.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, John (Tombes)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, John (Tombes), s. John, of Shrewsbury, Salop, doctor. Trinity Coll., matric. 19 March, 1745-6, aged 19, B.A. 1749; M.A. from All Souls' Coll. 1753, vicar of Atcham, minister of Berwick chapel, vicar of St. Julian's, Shrewsbury, 1756, until his death in Sep., 1791.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wingfield, Rev. Edward John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wingfield, Rev. Edward John, 2s. John, of St. Chad, Shrewsbury (town), cler. Christ Church, matric. 19 Oct., 1820, aged 18; student 1824-30, B.A. 1825, M.A. 1827, died 4 Feb., 1830.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmach

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmach. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmach, feminine, ‘outrage, ignominy,’ from Middle High German (rare) smâch, smâhe, usually smœhe, ​feminine, ‘insult, abuse, ignominy’ (to which Italian smacco, ‘affront,’ is allied?). An abstract from Middle High German smœhe, adjective, ‘little, trifling, contemptible’; compare Old High German smâhi, adjective, ‘little, trifling, base,,’ smâhi, feminine, ‘trifle, baseness’; also Old Icelandic smár, ‘little,’ and, with a different development of meaning, Anglo-Saxon smeálîc, ‘fine, careful.’ A similar variety of meanings is seen in the history of Modern High German klein, for which we must assumne (as for Old High German smâki) the primary meaning of ‘little, pretty.’ If Greek μικρός, σμικρός, represents σμεκρός, Old High German smâhi (as if corresponding to *σμήκιος) may be connected with it. The earlier sense still appears faintly in schmachten and verschmachten; compare Middle High German versmahten (ă or â?), ‘to pine away,’ Old High German gismahteôn, ‘to disappear.’ Allied to schmächtig, adjective, ‘pining, languishing,’ from Middle High German (Middle German) smahtec, from Middle High German (Middle German) smaht, ‘pining away’; if these latter cognates contain ă, they may be connected with Modern High German smëcker, ‘slender, narrow, pining.’ See schmähen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmalz

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmalz. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmalz, neuter, ‘fat, grease, suet,’ from Middle High German and Old High German smalz, neuter, ‘melted fat for cooking, grease, butter’ (compare Italian dialectic smalzo, ‘butter’); allied to schmelzen, ‘to melt,’ which, in the sense ‘to cook with fat,’ is derived from Schmalz.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmack

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmack. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmack, see schmecken.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmacke

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmacke. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmacke, feminine, ‘smack’ (vessel), Modern High German only, formed from the equivalent Low German and Dutch smak, English smack, Danish smakke (compare French semaque); its history and origin are obscure.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmant

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmant. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmant, masculine (Livonian, Low German, and Hessian), ‘cream,’ from the equivalent late Middle High German smant, borrowed in the 15th century from Slavonic; compare Bohemian smant. With Bohemian smetana (Russian smetana, ‘cream’) is connected the dialectic (Silesian, Bohemian, and Austrian) Schmetten, ‘cream,’ to which Schmetterling is probably related.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmarre

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmarre. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmarre, feminine, ‘slash, scar,’ Modern High German only; corresponding to Low German smarre; unknown to the Old Teutonic languages; only in Middle High German does a cognate smurre, feminine, ‘cut, stroke,’ occur. Of obscure origin.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schmauch

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schmauch. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schmauch, masculine, ‘thick smoke,’ from Middle High German smouch, ‘smoke, vapour’ (Anglo-Saxon smêč). Allied to a Teutonic root smū̆k (Pre-Teutonic smū̆g), ‘to smoke’; compare Anglo-Saxon smeócan, smŏcian, and the equivalent English to smoke, Dutch smoken, ‘to smoke,’ smook, ‘smoke’; also Low German smöken. Perhaps Greek σμὕχω (Aorist ε-σμύγ-ην), ‘to consume in a smouldering fire,’ is allied.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schluß

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schluß. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schluß, masculine, ‘end, conclusion,’ from the equivalent late Middle High German sluȥ, masculine, of which the variant sloȥ occurs in sloȥrede, ‘syllogism,’ sloȥstein, ‘keystone.’ Allied to schließen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Schlüssel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Schlüssel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Schlüssel, masculine, ‘key,’ from the equivalent Middle High German slüȥȥel, Old High German sluȥȥil, masculine; corresponding to Old Saxon slutil, Dutch sleutel. This derivative of schließen (Gothic *slutila-) is wanting in English, Old Icelandic, and Gothic.