OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hulse, Samuel

1904 Errata appended.
​HULSE, Sir SAMUEL (1747–1837), third baronet, field-marshal, second son of Sir Edward Hulse, second baronet, by his wife Hannah, daughter of Samuel Vanderplank, merchant, and grandson of Sir Edward Hulse (1682-1759) [q. v.], was born in 1747 and entered the army in the 1st foot guards as ensign on 17 Dec. 1761. As captain and lieutenant-colonel he was present with his battalion during the Gordon riots in 1780, and as brevet-colonel and regimental first major he commanded the first battalion of his regiment with the Duke of York at the siege of Valenciennes, in the brilliant affair under Lake at Lincelles, and the operations before Dunkirk until October 1793, when he returned home on promotion. Returning to Flanders as major-general in May 1794, he commanded a brigade in some minor affairs near Tournay and in the retreat to Bremen. Coming home early in 1795, he was appointed to the home staff', and commanded at Brighton for three years. In 1798 he became lieutenant-general, and was despatched to Ireland with reinforcements, including a brigade of guards. He returned to his command at Brighton in November of that year, served under the Duke of York in the expedition to the Helder in 1799, and afterwards succeeded Lord Grey in command of the south-eastern district. He became a full general in 1803, lieutenant-general of Chelsea Hospital in 1806, and governor in 1820. In 1830, at the coronation of William IV, Hulse and Sir Alured Clarke [q. v.], as the two oldest generals, were created field-marshals. Hulse was a G.C.H. and a privy councillor. He was colonel in succession of the 56th, 19th, and 62nd foot. He was one of the first appointed by George III to the suite of the young Prince of Wales (afterwards George IV), and was for many years the prince's treasurer and receiver-general. On George IV's accession to the throne Hulse became treasurer of the household, and in 1827 vice-chamberlain, which office he retained till the king's death. He died at his residence in Chelsea Hospital on 1 Jan. 1837, at the age of ninety, unmarried, and was buried in the family vault at Erith, Kent.
H. M. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.162 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 204 | ii | 17 | Hulse, Sir Samuel: for ninety read eighty-nine |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hulse, John

​HULSE, JOHN (1708–1790), founder of the Hulsean lectures, born at Middlewich, Cheshire, on 15 March 1708, was eldest of the nineteen children of Thomas Hulse of Elworth Hall, Sandbach, in the same county, by Anne Webb of Middlewich. After attending Congleton grammar school he was admitted of St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1724. Soon afterwards his grandfather, to whom he owed his education, died, and his refusal to comply with his father's wish to sell a part of the entailed estates led to a lifelong alienation. College exhibitions enabled him to continue at Cambridge, and he graduated B.A. in 1728. In 1732 he was ordained and served small cures, first at Yoxall, Staffordshire, and afterwards at Goostry, a chapel under Sandbach. On the death of his father in 1753 he inherited Elworth, and lived there in seclusion on account of delicate health until his death on 14 Dec. 1790. He was buried in the parish church of ​Middlewich. Hulse was of diminutive stature and an irritable temperament. He was well versed in medicine, and played on the violin, flute, and organ. These accomplishments, coupled with his retired habits, caused him to be regarded by the peasantry as a magician. Though he ceased to communicate with his brothers and sisters, they benefited under his will. To the university of Cambridge he bequeathed estates in Cheshire for the advancement and reward of religious learning, to be applied, first, to maintain two divinity scholars at St. John's College; secondly, to found a prize for a dissertation; thirdly, to found and support the office of Christian advocate; and fourthly, that of the Hulsean lecturer or Christian preacher. By a statute confirmed by the queen in council, 1 Aug. 1860, the office of Hulsean professor of divinity was substituted for that of Christian advocate, and the office of Hulsean lecturer was considerably modified. He married in 1733 Mary Hall of Hermitage, near Holmes Chapel, Cheshire. Their only son, Edward, died at the age of twenty-two.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hulton, William Adam

​HULTON, WILLIAM ADAM (1802–1887), lawyer and antiquary, son of Lieutenant-colonel Henry Hulton, was born at Preston, Lancashire, on 18 Oct. 1802, and was educated at the Manchester grammar school. He entered the Middle Temple in 1822, and was called to the bar in 1827. From 1831 to 1849 he was treasurer of the county of Lancaster. On the establishment of the present county court system in 1847 he became judge of a circuit of county courts in Lancashire. He died at Hurst Grange, Penwortham, near Preston, on 3 March 1887. He married, in 1832, Dorothy Anne, daughter of Edward Gorst of Preston. Hulton wrote `A Treatise on the Law of Convictions,' 1835. He edited and printed with his own hands: 1. 'The Journal of [his brother] the late Jessop G. de B. Hulton from 1832 to 1836, with a Paper on the Kooree Mooree Islands,' Preston, 1844. 2. 'A Pedigree of the Hulton Family,' about 1847. 3. 'An Account of the Island of Socotra.' He joined the council of the Chetham Society in 1848, and edited two valuable works in their series of publications: 1. 'The Coucher Book, or Chartulary, of Whalley Abbey,' 1847-50, 4 vols. 2. 'Documents relating to the Priory of Penwortham, and other Possessions in Lancashire of the Abbey of Evesham,' 1853.
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Robert (d.1635)

​NORTON, ROBERT (d. 1635), engineer and gunner, was third son and fifth child of Thomas Norton (1532–1584) [q. v.], and of his second wife, Alice, daughter of Edmund Cranmer, brother to the archbishop. In the pedigree entered by Norton himself in the ‘Visitation of Hertfordshire’ in 1634 (Harl. Soc. p. 80) he is given as the son of his father's first wife, Margaret, daughter of Archbishop Cranmer; but, according to Mr. Waters (Chesters of Chicheley, p. 389), she died without issue in 1568. He studied engineering and gunnery under John Reinolds, master-gunner of England, and through his influence was made a gunner in the royal service. On 11 March 1624 he received the grant of a gunner's room in the Tower, and on 26 Sept. 1627 he was sent to Plymouth in the capacity of engineer, to await the arrival of the Earl of Holland and to accompany him to the Isle of Rhé, and in the same year he was granted the post of engineer of the Tower of London for life.
He married Anne, daughter of Robert Heare or Hare, and by her had three sons and two daughters. He died early in 1635, as his will, dated 28 Jan. 1634–5, was proved in P.C.C. on 19 Feb. following.
The following works are attributed to him: 1. ‘A Mathematicall Apendix,’ London, 1604. 2. ‘Disme, the Art of Tenths, or Decimall Arithmetike,’ London, 1608. 3. ‘Of the Art of Great Artillery,’ London, 1624. 4. ‘The Gunner, showing the whole practise of Artillerie,’ London, 1628. He supplied tables of interest and measurement, and instructions in decimal arithmetic to Robert Record's ‘Ground of Arts,’ 1623. The ‘Gunner's Dialogue,’ with the ‘Art of Great Artillery,’ by Norton, was published in the 1643 edition of W. Bourne's ‘Arte of Shooting.’ Norton also published an English version of Camden's ‘Annals,’ London, 1630; 3rd edit. 1635, in which he interpolated a panegyric on his father (p. 146), and was probably the Robert Norton whose verses are printed at the beginning of Captain John Smith's ‘Generall Historie of Virginia,’ 1626.
[Chester Waters's Chesters of Chicheley, pp. 393–4; Cal. State Papers, Dom. Ser. 1623–5 p. 185, 1627–8 pp. 358, 394; Herald and Genealogist, iii. 278–80; Norton's Works.]
B. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Sampson

​NORTON, Sir SAMPSON (d. 1517), surveyor of the ordnance and marshal of Tournay, was related to the Norton family of Yorkshire, a member of which, a rebel of 1569, was called Sampson Norton. He was early engaged in the service of Edward IV, and was knighted in Brittany by Lord Brooke about 1483, probably during the preparation for war caused by the English dislike of the Franco-Burgundian alliance. In 1486 he was custumer at Southampton, and 6 Aug. 1486 was appointed a commissioner to inquire what wool and woolfels were exported from Chichester without the king's license. The same year he received the manor of Tarrant Launceston in Dorset in tail male. Machado met him in Brittany in 1490. He was also serjeant-porter of Calais, and in office during the affair of John Flamank and Sir Hugh Conway [see Nanfan, Sir Richard]. In 1492 he was one of those who received the French ambassadors in connection with the Treaty of Etaples. In 1494 he was present at the tournaments held when Prince Henry was created a knight. On 10 April 1495 he became constable of Flint Castle, and the office was renewed to him on 23 Jan. 1508–1509. In 1509 he was created chamberlain of North Wales. He distinguished himself in Henry VIII's French wars, holding, as he had held under Henry VII, the office of surveyor of the ordnance—an important position, involving the control of a number of clerks and servants. He may have been a yeoman of the guard in 1511. In 1512 he was taken prisoner at Arras, and after some difficulty was set free. In February 1514–5 he was marshal of Tournay, and was nearly killed in a mutiny of the soldiers, who wanted their pay. On 11 Sept. 1516 he became chamberlain of the exchequer. Norton died 8 Feb. 1516–17, and was buried at All Saints, Fulham, where there was a monument with an inscription, ​now defaced. He married an illegitimate daughter of Lord Zouche. Another Sampson Norton was a vintner in Calais in 1528, and his house was assigned to the French for lodgings in 1532.
[Letters &c., Richard III and Hen. VII, ed. Gairdner (Rolls Ser.), i. 231, 238, 404; Mater. for Hist. of Hen. VII, ed. Campbell (Rolls Ser.), i. 439, 524, ii. 409, 532, 562; Memorials of Hen. VII, ed. Gairdner (Rolls Ser.), pp. 376, 382; Chron. of Calais (Camd. Soc.); Letters and Papers Hen. VIII, 1509–17; Notes and Queries, 7th ser. viii. 9, 133, 215; Hutchins's Dorset.]
W. A. J. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Robert (1540?-1587)

​NORTON, ROBERT (1540?–1587?), divine, born about 1540, was educated at Caius College, Cambridge, and graduated B.A. 1558–9, M.A. 1563, and B.D. 1570. In 1572, on the occurrence of a suit between a Dr. Willoughby, vicar of Aldborough, Suffolk, and his parishioner tenant, Parker deprived Willoughby of the living, and presented Norton in his place, as ‘a learned man and a good preacher’ (Strype, Parker, ii. 157; Rymer, Fœdera, xv. 710). Four years later Norton was appointed town preacher to the commonalty of Ipswich, an ancient town lectureship connected with the corporate body, and exercised at the church of St. Mary Tower. In 1585 an acrimonious dispute arose between him and William Negus [q. v.], who was apparently the second minister, and under Norton. It probably arose from Negus's puritanical exception to Norton's enjoyment of a plurality, and ended ​in the latter's retirement to his Aldborough vicarage, though with a certificate from the commonalty of Ipswich attesting his good conversation and doctrine. His successor at Aldborough, Robert Neave, fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, was appointed on 30 June 1587, from which date nothing further is heard of Norton.
He wrote: ‘Certaine Godlie Homilies or Sermons upon the Prophets Abdias and Jonas, conteyning a most fruitefull Exposition of the same, made by the excellent learned man Rodolph Gualter of Tigure, and translated into English by Robert Norton, Minister of the Word in Suffolk,’ London, 1573, two editions; an epistle dedicatory to William Blennerhasset is signed by John Walker from Leighton.
[Strype's Parker; Cooper's Athenæ Cant.; Tanner's Bibl. Brit.-Hib.; Wodderspoon's Memorials of Ipswich, p. 366; Ames's Typogr. Antiq. ed. Herbert, pp. 901, 973; Rymer's Fœdera, xv.; Davy's manuscript collections for a History of Suffolk, Brit. Mus. xxiv. 45, 51; Coles MS. 50, f. 210; Lansdowne MS. 155, f. 84.]
W. A. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Matthew Thomas

​NORTON, MATTHEW THOMAS (1732–1800), Dominican, born in 1732 at Roundhay, near Leeds, was converted to the Roman catholic faith during a visit to ​Flanders, and was professed as a Dominican on 23 Oct. 1754, at the college of Bornhem (situate between Ghent and Antwerp), which had been founded by Philip Thomas Howard [q. v.] in 1657. Norton subsequently studied at the English college of St. Thomas Aquinas in Louvain, and was designed to serve in the island of Santa Cruz in the West Indies; but this assignation was prohibited by the master-general on 2 Dec. 1758. On 29 June 1759 he left Bornhem for Aston Flamville in Leicestershire; on 9 Aug. in the same year he moved to Sketchley, and in the spring of 1765 he removed the mission to Hinckley, near Leicester. In November 1767 he was elected prior of Bornhem, and entirely rebuilt both the convent and the secular college attached to it. He revisited Hinckley in March 1771, but was re-elected prior of Bornhem in 1774, and was instituted rector of St. Thomas's College, Louvain, on 17 Feb. 1775. He was appointed vicar-provincial of Belgium, and held that office from 1774 to 1778; and he was granted the degree of D.D. by the university of Louvain in 1783. He returned to Hinckley in October 1780, built the Roman catholic chapel there in 1793, and thence served Leicester from October 1783 to August 1785. He also founded a mission at Coventry. He died at Hinckley on 7 Aug. 1800, and was buried in Aston Flamville churchyard; his epitaph is given at length by Nichols (Hist. and Antiq. of Leicestershire, iv. 453).
Norton won three medals offered by the Brussels Academy for dissertations respectively upon raising wool (Les moyens de perfectionner dans les Provinces Belgiques la Laine des Moutons, 1777, 4to), upon the using of oxen as beasts of draught (L'Emploi des Bœufs dans nos Provinces, tant pour l'agriculture que pour le transport des marchandises sur les canaux, &c. 1778, 4to), and on raising bees (Les meilleurs moyens d'élever les Abeilles dans nos Provinces, 1780, 4to). He was a strong advocate of the use of oxen by farmers in preference to horses, and purposed writing a work in English upon this subject, in expansion of the ‘Mémoire,’ which, together with the two others mentioned, was published by the Académie Impériale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles.
[Palmer's Obituary Notices of Friar Preachers of the English Province, 1884, p. 21, together with some additional notes kindly supplied by the author; Nichols's History and Antiquities of Leicestershire, iv. 473; Namur's Bibliographie Académique Belge, Liège, 1838, p. 22; Monk's General View of the Agriculture of the County of Leicester, 1794.]
T. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Richard (d.1420)

​NORTON, RICHARD (d. 1420), chief justice of the court of common pleas, was son of Adam Norton, whose original name was Conyers, and who adopted the name of Norton on marrying the heiress of that family (Surtees, Durham, vol. i. p. clxi). He appears as an advocate in 1399, and was probably a serjeant-at-law before 1403. On 4 June 1405 he was included in the commission appointed for the trial of all concerned in Archbishop Scrope's rebellion; his name was, however, omitted from the fresh commission appointed two days later (Wylie, Hist. Henry IV, ii. 230–1). In 1406 he appears as a justice of assize for the county palatine of Durham (Surtees, vol. i. p. lvii). In 1408 he occurs as one of the king's serjeants. Immediately after the accession of Henry V Norton appears as one of the justices of the court of common pleas, and on 26 June 1413 was appointed chief justice (Cal. Pat. Rolls, John to Edw. IV, pp. 260, 261). From November 1414 to December 1420 he appears regularly as a trier of petitions in parliament (Rolls of Parliament, iv. 35 a–123 b). He died on 20 Dec. 1420. Norton married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Tempest of Studley, by whom he had several sons, the pedigree of whose descendants is given in Surtees's ‘History of Durham,’ vol. i. p. clx–clxi.
[Proceedings of Privy Council, i. 203, iii. 33; Foss's Judges of England, iv. 207–8; other authorities quoted.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Norton, Samuel

1904 Errata appended.
​NORTON, SAMUEL (1548–1604?), alchemist, was the son of Sir George Norton of Abbots Leigh in Somerset (d. 1584), and was great-grandson of Thomas Norton (fl. 1477), of Bristol [q. v.] He studied for some time at St. John's College, Cambridge, but appears to have taken no degree. On the death of his father, in 1584, he succeeded to the estates. Early in 1585 he was in the commission of the peace for the county, but apparently suffered removal, for he was reappointed in October 1589, on the recommendation of Godwin, bishop of Bath and Wells (Strype, Annals, vol. iii. pt. ii. p. 462). He was sheriff of Somerset in 1589, and was appointed muster master of Somerset and Wiltshire on 30 June 1604.
Norton was the author of several alchemistic tracts, which were edited and published in Latin by Edmund Deane, at Frankfort, in 4to, in 1630. The titles are: 1. ‘Mercurius Redivivus.’ 2. ‘Catholicon Physicorum, seu modus conficiendi Tincturam Physicam et Alchymicam.’ 3. ‘Venus Vitriolata, in Elixer conversa.’ 4. ‘Elixer, seu Medicina Vitæ seu modus conficiendi verum Aurum et Argentum Potabile.’ 5. ‘Metamorphosis Lapidum ignobilium in Gemmas quasdam pretiosas,’ &c. 6. ‘Saturnus Saturatus Dissolutus et Cœlo restitutus, seu modus componendi Lapidem Philosophicum tam album quam rubeum e plumbo.’ 7. ‘Alchymiæ Complementum et Perfectio.’ 8. ‘Tractatulus de Antiquorum Scriptorum Considerationibus in Alchymia.’ A German translation of the treatises was published in Nuremberg in 1667, in a work entitled ‘Dreyfaches hermetisches Kleeblat.’ Portions of the work in manuscript, brought together before Deane edited his volume under the title of ‘Ramorum Arboris Philosophicalis Libri tres,’ are in the British Museum (Sloane MS. 3667, ff. 17–21, 24–28, and 31–90), and the Bodleian Library (Ashmolean MS. 1478, vi. ff. 42–104). Norton was occupied on the work in 1598 and 1599. Among the Ashmolean MSS. (1421[26]) is a work by Norton entitled ‘The Key of Alchimie,’ written in 1578, when he was at St. John's College, and it is dedicated to Queen Elizabeth; an abridgement is in the Ashmolean MS. (1424[38.3]). In 1574 Norton translated Ripley's ‘Bosome Booke’ into English. Copies of it are in the British Museum (Sloane MSS. 2175, ff. 148–72, 3667, f. 124 et seq.)
[Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 284; Cal. State Papers, Dom. Ser. 1547–80, p. 635, 1598–1601, pp. 167, 414, 1603–10, p. 126; Lansdowne MS. 157, f. 165.]
B. P.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.207 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 220 | i | 6 f.e. | Norton, Samuel: for ff. 81-90 read ff. 17-21, 24-28, and 81-90 |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lloyd, John (1638-1687)

​LLOYD, JOHN (1638–1687), bishop of St. Davids, born at Pentaine, Carmarthenshire, in 1638, was son of Morgan Lloyd. He matriculated at Oxford from Merton College on 10 March 1656–7, and was elected fellow of Jesus, becoming principal of that house in 1673. He graduated B.A. in 1659, M.A. in 1662, B.D. on 15 March 1669–70, and D.D. in 1674. On 9 April 1672 he was chosen precentor of Llandaff, and on 10 May 1679 he was appointed treasurer (Le Neve, Fasti, ed. Hardy, ii. 261, 263). In 1682 and the three following years he was vice-chancellor of the university. He became rector of Llandawke, Carmarthenshire, in 1668, of Llangwm, Pembrokeshire, in 1671, and of Burton, in the same county, in 1672. He was consecrated bishop of St. Davids on 17 Oct. 1686, holding his rectories in commendam. He died in Jesus College on 13 Feb. 1686–7, and was buried in the chapel.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), iv. 870; Griffiths's Oxford Wills; Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714; Jones and Freeman's St. Davids, p. 332.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lloyd, John (d.1682)

​LLOYD, JOHN (d. 1682), poet, born in 1644, was son of George Lloyd, rector of Wonston, Hampshire, and brother of Nicholas Lloyd [q. v.] On 13 Nov. 1662 he matriculated from Wadham College, Oxford, of which he was a scholar from 1663 until 1669. He graduated B.A. in 1666, and M.A. on 18 Feb. 1668–9, being instituted vicar of Holyrood, Southampton, 20 May 1675 (Foster, Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714, iii. 926). He died at Southampton on 31 Aug. 1682, when he was succeeded by Roger Farbrother. He was author of ‘Shir ha Shirim, or the Song of Songs; being a Paraphrase upon the most excellent Canticles of Solomon in a Pindarick Poem. To which is annext another late Pindarick Ode, being an Hymn on the Works of the Six Days,’ 8vo, London, 1681–2. It was not until the ‘Paraphrase’ had been surreptitiously printed in 1681 (4to) by a stranger as his own composition that Lloyd published the genuine edition.
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), iv. 736; Gardiner's Reg. of Wadham Coll. pt. i. p. 245; information from the vicar of Holyrood.]
G. G.