OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fortescue, Nicholas (1575?-1633)

​FORTESCUE, Sir NICHOLAS, the elder (1575?–1633), chamberlain of the exchequer, was the eldest son of William Fortescue of Cookhill, and grandson of Sir Nicholas Fortescue, groom porter to Henry VIII, to whom the Cistercian nunnery of Cookhill, on the borders of Worcestershire and Warwickshire, was granted in 1542. Fortescue, who was throughout his life a zealous Roman catholic, for several years harboured at Cookhill the Benedictine monk, David Baker [q. v.] In 1605, after the Gunpowder plot and the rising of the Roman catholics of Warwickshire, Fortescue underwent several examinations, and fell under some suspicion on account of a large quantity of armour found in his house. His name appears twice in the 'Calendar of State Papers' in connection with the plot. A letter from Chief-justice Anderson and Sheriff Warburton to the privy council states that Fortescue of Warwickshire, though summoned to appear before them, had not come forward to be examined. A declaration by himself says that the armour in question has been in his house for five years, and adds that he has not seen Winter, the conspirator, for eight years, and was not summoned to join the rising in Warwickshire (Cal. State Papers, 1603-10, pp. 253, 304). He succeeded ​in clearing himself from these suspicions and lived at Cookhill unmolested until about 1610, when he was appointed a commissioner of James's household and of the navy; he was knighted in 1618, and in the same year, on the death of Sir John Points, he obtained the lucrative and honourable post of chamberlain of the exchequer, which he held until May 1625, when he resigned it (Ashmole MS. 1144, ix.; Cal. State Papers, 1625–6, p. 109). During 1622 and 1623 his name appears as serving on royal commissions, to inquire into the state of the plantations of Virginia and of Ireland, into the depredations committed by pirates on the high seas, and on royal grants of lands (Rymer, Fœdera, vol. vii. pt. iii. p. 247, pt. iv. pp. 46, 63).
Fortescue died at his house in Fetter Lane on 2 Nov. 1633, and was buried in the private chapel of Cookhill, where his tomb may still be seen. He married Prudence, daughter of William Wheteley of Holkham, Norfolk, by whom he had five sons, William, Francis, Edmund, Nicholas, John, and two daughters.
G. K. F.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fortescue, James

​FORTESCUE, JAMES, D.D. (1716–1777), poetical writer, born in 1716, was son of George Fortescue, ‘gentleman,’ of Milton Abbot, Devonshire. He matriculated at Oxford as a member of Exeter College, 9 Feb. 1732–3, proceeded B.A. in 1736, was elected a fellow of his college, and commenced M.A. in 1739. He was chaplain at Merton College in 1738, 1743, and 1746. In 1748 he was senior proctor of the university. He graduated B.D. in 1749, and was created D.D. on 20 Jan. 1750–1. Being appointed in 1764 to the rectory of Wootton, Northamptonshire, a benefice in the gift of Exeter College, he resigned his fellowship in the following year. He held the rectory till his death in 1777.
He published the following works in verse:
* ‘A View of Life in its several Passions, with a preliminary Discourse on Moral Writing,’ London, 1749, 8vo.
* ‘Science,’ an epistle, Oxford, 1750, 8vo.
* ‘Science,’ a poem, Oxford, 1751, 8vo.
* ‘Essays, Moral and Miscellaneous,’ including the preceding works, and some other poetical pieces, pt. i. second edit., London, 1752, 8vo; pt. ii. Oxford, 1754, 8vo. An extended edition of the ‘Essays,’ including ‘Pomery-Hill,’ appeared in 2 vols. 1759.
* ‘An Essay on Sacred Harmony,’ London, 1753, 8vo.
* ‘Essay the Second: on Sacred Harmony,’ London, 1754, 8vo.
* ‘Pomery-Hill, a Poem, with other Poems, English and Latin,’ London, 1754, 8vo (anon.).
[Notes and Queries, 3rd ser. v. 354, by C. H. Cooper; Foster's Alumni Oxon. ii. 480; Lord Clermont's Hist. of the Fortescue Family, 2nd edit. p. 151; Gough's Brit. Topography, i. 321; Cat. of Gough's Collection in the Bodleian, p. 106; Davidson's Bibl. Devoniensis, Suppl. p. 25; Monthly Review, xxi. 291; Gent. Mag. xlvii. 507; List of Oxford Graduates; Wood's Colleges and Halls (Gutch), Suppl. p. 170; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fortescue, Thomas

​FORTESCUE, THOMAS (1784–1872), Anglo-Indian civilian, son of Gerald Fortescue, by Elizabeth, daughter of John Tew, was born in 1784, acted as secretary to his cousin, Henry Wellesley (afterwards Lord Cowley), lieutenant-governor of the recently ceded province of Oude, 1801–3, and on the capture of Delhi, October 1803, was appointed civil commissioner there. He married on 19 March 1859 Louisa Margaret, second daughter of Thomas Russell, esq., and died on 7 Sept. 1872. Part of his official correspondence is preserved at the British Museum in Addit. MSS. 13560, 13562, 13563, 13565, 13568, 13570, 13572, 13574.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Forth, Earl of

​FORTH, Earl of. [See Ruthven, Patrick, 1572–1651.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Comyn, Robert Buckley

​COMYN, Sir ROBERT BUCKLEY (1792–1853), judge, third son of the Rev. Thomas Comyn, vicar of Tottenham, Middlesex, by his wife Harriet Charlotte Stables, was born there on 26 Oct. 1792. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' School, and became a commoner of St. John's College, Oxford, in 1809, where he graduated B.A. on 10 April 1813, and M.A. on 27 May 1815. He decided to adopt the profession of his grandfather, Mr. Stephen Comyn, and was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn on 24 Nov. 1814. After some years of practice he was in January 1825 appointed a puisne judge of the supreme court of Calcutta, and knighted on 9 Feb., and in December 1835 was appointed chief justice of Madras. In 1842 he resigned and returned to England, and on 8 June 1842 received the degree of D.C.L. at Oxford, and was in 1844 elected a bencher of the Middle Temple. He died at his house in New Street, Spring Gardens, on 23 May 1853. He was the author of three works: a 'Treatise on Usury' in 1817, a 'Treatise on the Law of Landlord and Tenant' in 1830, and a ' History of Western Europe from Charlemagne to Charles V,' composed in India and published in 1841.
[Gent. Mag. new ser. xl. 91; Ann. Reg. 1853; Robinson's Merchant Taylors' School Register, ii. 183.]
J. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Conder, James

​ CONDER, JAMES (1763–1823), numismatist, was the youngest son of John Conder, D.D. [q.v.], pastor of the congregational meeting of protestant dissenters on the Pavement, Moorfields, London, and divinity professor in the dissenting academy at Homerton. He was born at Mile End and educated in the dissenters' school at Ware. For many years he was a haberdasher at Ipswich, where he died on 22 March 1823.
Conder possessed an extensive numismatic collection, and his series of provincial coins was probably unique. He long meditated the publication of a 'History of the Dissenting Establishments in Suffolk,' but this design was not executed. His name is honourably recorded for assistance received in the prefaces to Wilson's 'Dissenting Churches' and Brook's 'Lives of the Puritans.' He published a work of great utility to the provincial jeton collector, entitled 'An Arrangement of Provincial Coins, Tokens, and Medalets, issued in Great Britain, Ireland, and the Colonies, within the last twenty years, from the farthing to the penny size,' 2 vols. Ipswich, 1798, 4to, also printed on one side of the paper only, 2 vols. 1798-9, and on both sides in 1 vol. 1799, 8vo. In the British Museum there is a copy of the first edition, interleaved, with engraved specimens and copious manuscript notes by W. Young.
T. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Condell, Henry (1757-1834)

​CONDELL, HENRY (1757–1834), violinist and composer, was born in 1757. Nothing is known of his parentage or early life, but about the beginning of the century he was a prominent member of the orchestras of the King's Theatre, Drury Lane, and Covent Garden. In 1803 he wrote an overture to Dimond's historical play 'The Hero of the North' (produced at Drury Lane 19 Feb. 1803), and in 1804 for Fawcett's ballet 'The Enchanted Island' (played at the Haymarket). In 1803 he set the musical farce ​'Who wins, or the Widow's Choice' (Covent Garden, 25 Feb.). and in 1810 wrote music for F. Reynolds's 'Bridal Ring' (Covent Garden, 16 Oct.) In the same year 'Transformation,' ascribed to Allingham, with music by Condell, was produced by the Drury Lane company at the Lyceum (30 Nov.) In 1811 he gained a prize at the Catch Club for his glee 'Loud blowe the wyndes.' Condell also wrote overtures to 'The House to be sold,' probably Kelly's opera, which was played at Drury Lane in 1802, and to 'Love laughs at Locksmiths,' besides some incidental music in 'Aladdin,' performed at Covent Garden, a set of six songs dedicated to Lady Lake, and a few harpsichord duets. He died at Cave House, Battersea, after a severe and lingering illness, on 24 June 1824.
[Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 389 b; Baker's Biographia Dramatics, vol. iii.; Gent. Mag. for 1814, 199, and 1824, 645; European Mag., June 1824.]
W. B. S.
END OF THE ELEVENTH VOLUME.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, John (1772-1837)

​HARVEY, Sir JOHN (1772–1837), admiral, second son of Captain John Harvey [q. v.], after serving as midshipman of the Rose with his uncle, Sir Henry Harvey [q. v.], ​was promoted to be lieutenant on 3 Nov. 1790; on 5 Sept. 1794 to command the Actif sloop in the West Indies; and on 16 Dec. of the same year to be post-captain, as a tribute to the memory of his father. In January 1795 he was chosen by his uncle as his flag-captain in the Prince of Wales, in which capacity he was present in the action off Lorient, in the operations on the coast of Bretagne in the following winter, and in the West Indies, including the reduction of Trinidad, when he was sent home with despatches. He afterwards commanded the Southampton and the Amphitrite in the West Indies and off Cadiz; the Agamemnon in Sir Robert Calder's action off Cape Finisterre; the Canada in the West Indies; and the Leviathan and Royal Sovereign in the Mediterranean. He became a rear-admiral on 4 Dec. 1813; from 1816 to 1819 was commander-in-chief in the West Indies; vice-admiral 27 May 1825; K.C.B. 6 June 1833, and admiral 10 Jan. 1837. He died at Deal on 17 Feb. 1837. He married in 1797 his first cousin, daughter of William Wyborn Bradley of Sandwich, and had issue one daughter.
[Marshall's Roy. Nav. Biog. ii. (vol. i. pt. ii.) 613; Gent. Mag. 1837, vol. cix. pt. i. p. 436.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, Margaret

​HARVEY, MARGARET (1768–1858), poetess, daughter of John Harvey, surgeon, of Sunderland, was born in 1768. The early years of her life were passed at Newcastle-on-Tyne, where she published by subscription ‘The Lay of the Minstrel's Daughter; a poem in six cantos,’ 1814, 8vo. Her ‘Monody on the Princess Charlotte’ was published in 1818. About this time she removed to Bishop Wearmouth, Durham, where she assisted in keeping a ladies' school, and published ‘Raymond de Percy, or the Tenant of the Tomb, a romantic melodrama’ (Bishop Wearmouth, 1822). In the preface she invokes the spirit of Garrick. The piece was performed at Sunderland in April 1822. She wrote some other minor poems. She died at Bishop Wearmouth on 18 June 1858 (Gent. Mag. 1858, ii. 202). Miss Harvey's sister Jane was a painter of miniatures on ivory; Andrew Morton, the portrait-painter (1802–1845), was her pupil.
[Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. xi. 389, 4th ser. ix. 469, x. 93, 260; Brit. Mus. Cat.; preface to Raymond de Percy; the Museum copy of the Minstrel's Daughter contains two manuscript letters of Margaret Harvey.]
F. W-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Harvey, John (1563?-1592)

​HARVEY, JOHN (1564–1592), astrologer, baptised at Saffron Walden, Essex, 13 Feb. 1563–4, was son of John Harvey, master ropemaker, and younger brother of Gabriel Harvey [q. v.] and of Richard Harvey [q. v.] He matriculated as a pensioner of Queens' College, Cambridge, in June 1578 (B.A. 1580 and M.A. 1584). In 1587 the university granted him a license to practise physic, and he became a practitioner at King's Lynn in Norfolk. Robert Greene's contemptuous reference to Harvey and Harvey's father and two brothers in his ‘Quippe for an Upstart Courtier’ (1592) led to Gabriel Harvey's well-known defence of his family in his ‘Foure Letters’ (1592). Gabriel describes John as ‘a proper toward man,’ ‘a skilful physician,’ and a M.D. of Cambridge, and mentions that he died, aged 29, shortly after returning to Lynn from Norwich in July 1592. He supplies a Latin epitaph. ‘John Harvey's Welcome to Robert Greene’ is the title of a sonnet included in Gabriel Harvey's ‘Foure Letters.’ ​Harvey published: 1. ‘An astrologicall addition or supplement to be annexed to the late discourse [by his brother Richard Harvey [q. v.] ] upon the Great Conjunction of Saturn and Jupiter, together with the Learned Worke of Hermes Trismegistus intituled Iatromathematica, that is his Physical Mathematiques. … Lately englished by Iohn Harvey at the request of M. Charles P.,’ London, 1583 (by Richard Watkins), 8vo. The last portion of the book, the ‘Learned Worke,’ is alone in the British Museum Library. 2. ‘A Discoursive Probleme concerning Prophesies, how far they are to be valued or credited,’ London (J. Jackson for Richard Watkins), 1588, 4to (Brit. Mus.) 3. ‘An Almanacke or annuall Calendar, with a Compendious Prognostication for … 1589,’ London, 1588, 8vo (Lambeth).
[Cooper's Athenæ Cantabr. ii. 126–7; Gabriel Harvey's Works, ed. Grosart, i. 187–8, 249, 253; Brit. Mus. Cat.; Hazlitt's Bibliographical Collections.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fulwar

​FULWAR, [See Fuller.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Fuller, Thomas (1593-1667)

​FULLER or FULWAR, THOMAS, D.D. (the two forms of surname seem to have been used indifferently) (1593–1667), archbishop of Cashel, one of the sons of the Rev. Thomas Fuller, vicar of Stebbing, Essex, a member of the same family with Fuller the church historian, was born in 1593. According to Kennett he was disinherited by his father ‘for a prodigal.’ This drove him to Ireland, ‘with the happy necessity of being sober and industrious’ (Kennett, Register, p. 364). He may previously have graduated at Cambridge. His name does not appear in the registry of the university of Dublin, but he took orders in the Irish church. One of his name is found as prebendary of Cloyne, and in 1639 chancellor of Cork. In 1641 he was consecrated bishop of Ardfert, being the last prelate who held that see as an independent diocese before it was united to the see of Limerick. The Irish rebellion soon drove him with his family to take refuge in London, probably in the parish of St. Andrew's, Holborn. He dedicated a sermon on Luke ii. 48, preached at Gray's Inn 2 Oct. 1642, ‘on the anniversary of the Irish rebellion,’ to ‘the worthy gentlemen and inhabitants of that parish who had been,’ he says, ‘the chief preservers of me and mine since our escape out of Ireland, where we had only our lives for a prey, and those lives your bounty hath cherished.’ The ill-treatment he met with from the presbyterian party then dominant compelled him to retire to Oxford, where he was incorporated D.D. in 1645 (Wood, Fasti, ii. 79). He seems to have remained in England till the Restoration, and in 1656 he ordained William Annand [q. v.], afterwards dean of Edinburgh (Wood, Athenæ, iv. 258). After the Restoration he returned to Ireland, and was translated to the archiepiscopal see of Cashel (1 Feb. 1660–1). Kennett gives a somewhat highly coloured account of the archbishop's reception at Cashel, not only by churchmen but by others, who were converted by his ‘indefatigable powers and exemplary piety’ (Kennett,, Register, p. 312). He died 31 March 1667, in the seventy-fourth year of his age, and was buried in the chancel of his cathedral of St. John's, to which he bequeathed a silver chalice, paten, and flagon, still in use. As bishop of Ardfert he ordained his three nephews, who all rose to some eminence, the sons of his brother John, who succeeded his father as vicar of Stebbing: Thomas, fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, an acquaintance of Pepys, mentioned several times in his ‘Diary,’ subsequently, in 1658, chaplain to Colonel Lockhart, governor of Dunkirk, vicar of the college living of Navenby, near Lincoln, and rector of Willingale Doe, Essex, 1670, ‘an inveterate preferment hunter,’ who died at Navenby in March 1701; Samuel, afterwards dean of Lincoln [q. v.], and Francis the elder [q. v.] Archbishop Fuller is not mentioned by Ware among the Irish writers. He published a few sermons, of which the only one known to be extant is that upon the Irish rebellion.
[Kennett's Register; Cotton's Fasti Hibern.; Bailey's Life of Thomas Fuller.]
E. V.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Houghton, Arthur Boyd

​HOUGHTON, ARTHUR BOYD (1836–1875), book illustrator and painter, fourth son of Captain M. Houghton, R.N., was born in 1836. In the early part of his career he devoted himself mainly to illustrations of books, the ‘Graphic,’ ‘Fun,’ and other serials. After returning with his father from India he began to paint in oil, and exhibited some humorous sketches of London life at the Portland Gallery. In 1861 he commenced to exhibit at the Royal Academy, sending ‘A Fisher’ and ‘Here i' the Sands,’ and contributed other oil-paintings in 1864, 1867, 1868, 1869, and 1870. He joined the (now Royal) Society of Painters in Water-colours, exhibiting in 1871 ‘Hiawatha and Minnehaha’ and ‘In Captivity,’ and a few other works of high merit in 1872 and 1874, but his fame depends mainly upon his designs for books. He supplied illustrations to editions of ‘Don Quixote,’ and the ‘Arabian Nights,’ published in 1866. The illustrations to the former book show much invention, but his talent found its most congenial field in the ‘Arabian Nights.’ His best designs for these tales are to be found, not in the edition just mentioned, but in Dalziel's ‘Arabian Nights’ (completed in 1865), to which he contributed over ninety illustrations. They are full of life and fancy, of gravity and passion, often wild and fantastic, but always in sympathy with the subject and never wanting in human character. A special word should be given to his children, which are spirited and natural, ​ whether English or oriental. His designs were often striking in their effects of black and white, but they were wanting in tone and gradation, a defect partly due perhaps to the loss of one eye. Houghton was one of the brilliant band of book illustrators which included Frederick Walker and J. G. Pinwell. He died at 162 King Henry's Road, South Hampstead, London, on 23 Nov. 1875, and was buried in Paddington cemetery, Willesden Lane.
[Redgrave's Dict. 1878; Art Journal, 1876, p. 47; Bryan's Dict. (Graves); Roget's History of the Old Water-colour Society.]
C. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Houghton, Henry Hall-

​HOUGHTON, HENRY HALL- (1823–1889), divine, son of Jeremiah Houghton, by his wife, Hannah Hall, was born at Dublin on 10 Dec. 1823. He was educated first at Sherborne school, and afterwards obtained a close scholarship at Pembroke College, Oxford. He graduated B.A. without honours in 1845, and became M.A. in 1848. He was ordained deacon in 1849, and priest in 1850. Until 1852 he served the curacy of St. Peter's, Cheltenham, but from that year ill-health compelled him to refrain from active work. In 1871, on the death of his uncle, John Hall, hon. canon of Bristol since 1846, he succeeded to the estate of Melmerby, Cumberland, and changed his name to Hall-Houghton. The work of his life was the endeavour to promote the accurate study of holy scripture. In conjunction with Canon Hall, he founded at Oxford in 1868, 1870, and 1871 the Canon Hall and the Hall-Houghton prizes for a knowledge of the Greek Testament, the Septuagint, and the Syriac versions. To the Church Missionary Society he gave in all a sum of 4,500l. to promote the systematic study of holy scripture by natives of North India, West Africa, North-west America, and New Zealand. In 1875 Hall-Houghton married Mary, daughter of the Rev. John Dawson Hull. He died at Melmerby Hall, on 4 Sept. 1889.
[Record, 20 Sept. 1889; Church Missionary Society Intelligencer, November 1889; Oxford University Calendar, 1890; information supplied by Mrs. Hall-Houghton.]
A. R. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hoton, Richard

​HOTON or HOGHTON, RICHARD of (d. 1307), prior of Durham and probable founder of Durham College, the Oxford 'nursery' of the Benedictines of Durham, the site of which is now occupied by Trinity College, seems to have been a native of Houghton-le-Spring, Durham. Tradition, however, connects him with the family now represented by Sir Charles De Hoghton, bart., of Hoghton Towers, near Blackburn, Lancashire. Richard was subprior of Durham at the reappointment to the priorate of Hugo de Derlington (1285), by whom he was appointed prior of the cell of Lynche, but afterwards 'conventualis apud Coldingham.' Derlington is said to have disliked him, and afterwards 'odio R. de Hoton, qui juvenis graciosus erat, monachos misit Oxoniam ad studendum, et eis satis laute impensas ministrabat' (Graystanes, c. xxi.). Richard, however, on becoming prior in 1289, carried on the scheme by providing the Durham students with a house at Oxford similar to that possessed by the Benedictines of St. Peter's Abbey, Gloucester, in Gloucester College. Part of the site had been acquired as early as 1286. In 1300 Hoton was deposed and imprisoned by Bishop Antony Bek I [q. v.], for resisting his attempts to visit Durham priory, but he escaped, and going to Rome turned the tables on the bishop, who was summoned for contumacy. Hoton was reinstated by Boniface VIII in 1301, and was again suspended for similar action by Clement V, but was restored on payment of a fee of one thousand marks. He died at Rome on 9 Jan. 1307, and seems to have been remembered as a benefactor to the church of Durham.
[Robert Graystanes, cc. xxi–xxvii. in Historiæ Dunelmensis Scriptores Tres (Surtees Soc.) and App.; Wood's City of Oxford, ed. Clark (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) ii. 263 sq.; Browne-Willis's Mitred Abbies, i. 260–1; see art. Bek, Antony I.]
H. E. D. B.