# The Zoologist/4th series, vol 3 (1899)

THE ZOOLOGIST:
A MONTHLY JOURNAL
OF
NATURAL HISTORY.
FOURTH SERIES.—VOL. III.
EDITED BY
W.L. DISTANT
LONDON:
WEST, NEWMAN, & CO., 54, HATTON GARDEN. SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., Ltd.
1899.
PREFACE.
The completion of another volume of 'The Zoologist' shows no diminution in the ranks of students of our British Fauna. The numbers of our contributors are practically an exact equivalent of those who produced the previous volume. Some we shall not hear from again, and we cannot help recurring to the loss of our old and valued contributor—John Cordeaux.
The Mammalia have not been neglected, and many original facts and observations have been published during the present year. Mr. Oldham's description of "The Mode in which Bats secure their Prey" is of permanent value. We have been enabled to give a good figure of the "Sea-Elephant" (Macrorhinus elephantinus), while the description of the Trek-bokke (Gazella euchore) refers to an animal which, owing to the destructiveness of man, will never be seen in its vast herds again.
Ornithology is the strength of the volume. It is unnecessary to detail any particulars among the many observations which have made 'The Zoologist' for 1899, as in all previous volumes, a special storehouse for facts in avian bionomics. We cannot, however, ignore Mr. Edmund Selous' "Observational Diary of the Habits of Nightjars." This is a unique publication, which seems to alone recall Prof. Mills' method in his "Psychic Development of Young Animals," published originally in the 'Transactions' of the Royal Society of Canada. The many necessary discussions which have appeared in our "Notes and Queries" maybe instanced by that on the "Nesting Habits of the Moor-hen."
In Reptilia, Mr. G.T. Rope has given us the results of his observations on the Common Toad (Bufo vulgaris), and Mr. Monk has written an excellent account of the spawning of ​Bombinator pachypus after two years of captivity in England. We have also published many other interesting notes on the Order.
Pisces still claim more recognition in our pages. We have, however, been able to figure a great Eagle Ray (Dicerobatis sp.?), taken at Port Natal; while Mr. Patterson's notes from Great Yarmouth help to accentuate the dearth of news from other sea-ports.
In this volume more attention has been paid to the many interesting questions relative to the progress of organic evolution. Such titles as "Fecundity in each Avine Species, varying according to Accident of Locality"; "Varying Fecundity in Birds"; "The Coloration of British Birds and their Eggs"; "Mimicry," &c, tell their own tale, and prove that 'The Zoologist,' though conservative as to fact, cannot be pronounced as illiberal to theory.
We shall not write the centuries by the numerals "18" again; may the new figures bring prosperity to our Science and its votaries.
Contents of Issues
CONTENTS.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
​Langdale, Rev. H. Marmaduke
    Scoters in Hants and Isle of Wight, 80
Lewis, Stanley
    Flock of Crossbills at Yeovil, Somerset, 27; Nesting habits of the Moorhen, 30; Male Blackbird storing seeds at nest, 181; Starlings nesting in fir trees, 370; Abnormal nesting place of Spotted Flycatcher, 556; The Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) nesting in trees, 557
Mackay, Sergeant Hugh
    Ornithological notes from Malta, 254
Macpherson, Rev. H.A., M.A.
    Blue-headed Wagtail in Cumberland, 267; Distribution of a private collection, 420; Hobby in Westmoreland, 556
Marsden, H.W.
    White Stoat, 179; Destruction of Norfolk birds—a rejoinder, 183; Grey Phalarope in Co. Armagh, Ireland, 477
Martin, Basil W.
    Nesting habits of the Moor-hen, 82
Meiklejohn, A.H.
    Appearance of the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus major) in Yorkshire, 322
Millar, Alfred D.
    Zoological notes from Natal, 145
Monk, J.L.
    On the spawning of Bombinator pachypus after two years of captivity in England, 513
Monro, H.C.
    The covering of eggs by nesting birds, 183
Nelson, T.H.
    Large clutch of Wheatear's eggs, 321; Birds of Cheshire, 518
Newstead, Robert, F.E.S.
    Crossbill in North Wales, 28
Noble, Heatly
    "Chaffinch building on the top of small yew and box trees," 555
Oddi, Count Ettore Arrigoni degli
    The nesting of the Black Kite (Milvus migrans) in the territory of Verona, 241
Oldham, Charles
    Climbing powers of the Long-tailed Field Mouse, 27; Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinus) in captivity, 49; Pied Flycatcher in North Wales, 134; The mode in which Bats secure their prey, 471; Death of a Whiskered Bat by misadventure, 475; Birds of Cheshire, 518
Parana, Baron de
    Zebra-horse hybrids, 180
Patterson, Arthur
    Spoonbills near Great Yarmouth, 270; Notes from Great Yarmouth (Pisces), 272; Anchovy at Yarmouth, 558
Pentland, G.H.
    Nesting of the Mistle-Thrush, 180; Blackbird's mimicking notes, 181; Crossbill in North Wales, 182; Little Tern (Sterna minuta) in Ireland, 182; Great Woodboring Wasp (Sirex gigas) in Ireland, 184
Popham, H. Leyborne
    Colour of the bill of the Grey Lag-goose, 224; Pelamid in Cornwall, 421
Potter, E.G.
    A habit of the Roseate Tern, 83
Price, David T.
    Winter occurrence of Wheatear, 132
Ralfe, P.
    Terns in the Isle of Man, 32; Notes on Shetland birds, 72
Ramsbotham, R.H.
    Russian Partridges, 224
Renshaw, Graham
    Nesting habits of the Moor-hen, 30; Cirl Bunting (Emberiza cirlus) in North Cheshire, 222; Notes on the zoological collections of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp, 318; Cirl Bunting probably often overlooked, 418
Rey, Dr. E.
    What is the reason of the great variation in Cuckoos' eggs? 176
Ridsdale, E.L.J.
    A proposed correction, 372
Riviere, Bernard B.
    Fecundity in birds, 137
Rope, G.T.
    Observations on the Common Toad (Bufo vulgaris), 97; Helix cartusiana in Suffolk, 143
Ross, Alexander
    Strange nest of a South African Bush Shrike, 80
Roué, W. Barrett
    How does the new-born Kangaroo get into the mother's pouch? 368
​Russell, Harold
    Birds in Kensington Gardens in 1897-8, 84
Salter, J.H., D.Sc.
    Ornithological notes from Northern Norway, 54
Schreiner, S.C. Cronwright-
    The Trek-Bokke (Gazella euchore) of the Cape Colony, 213
Selous, Edmund
    An observational diary of the habits of Nightjars (Caprimulgus europæus), mostly of a sitting pair, notes taken at time and on spot, 388, 486
Service, Robert
    An albino of the Beaver (Castor canadensis), 220
Slade, Frank
    Green Woodpecker near London, 518
Small, L.
    A monstrous Dinosaur, 87
Southwell, Thomas, F.Z.S.
    Nesting of the Goshawk in Yorkshire, 28; Little Bustard and Great Shearwater at Lowestoft, 31; Notes on the Seal and Whale Fishery (1898), 103
Stead, David G.
    A ramble near Sydney, 407
Swainson, Capt. E.A.
    The Grasshopper Warbler in Breconshire, 221
Tanner, Charles H.J.
    The Cape Monitor, 272
Terry, F.W.
    A Viper feeding in confinement, 518; Viper killed by a Mouse, 519
Trollope, Miss C.
    The haunt of the Ring Ouzel (Turdus torquatus), 403
Tuck, Rev. Julian G., M.A.
    Cuckoos' eggs in nest of Red-backed Shrike, 223, 323; Seals in the Wash, 417; Demoiselle Crane on the Norfolk coast, 419
Ussher, R.J.
    Green Woodpecker in Ireland—correction, 181
Ward, Rowland
    Grey Plover in summer plumage in Yorks, 419
Warner, H.W.
    The vertebrates of Berkshire, 143
Warren, Robert
    Ornithological notes from Northwestern Ireland, 364
Westell, W. Percivall-
    Scoters in Hants? 80
Whitaker, J.
    Tree Creeper nesting in roof, 556; Notes from Rainworth, 557
Williams, George
    Observations on the habits of a Cuckoo during breeding season, 135
Wilson, William
    Heavy death-rate of Lapwings, 225; Abnormal occurrence of the Pied Wagtail (Motacilla lugubris) through the winter in Aberdeenshire, 268; Ornithological notes from Aberdeen, 271; Peculiar conduct of the Woodcock (Scolopax rusticula), 370; Aiding a young Cuckoo, 371; Sky-Lark singing in October, 517
Young, J.
    Rooks in West-End of London, 370
New Species of British Animals described in this Volume.
Vermes.
Fridericia magna, Friend (Cumberland), p. 262.
Enchytræus pellucidus, Friend (Lancashire), p. 264.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SUBJECTS.
Aberdeen, new Regius Prof, of Natural History, 236; ornithological notes from, 271
Abraxas grossulariata, 541
Accentor modularis, 61, 157, 161
Accipiter nisus, 460
Achetidæ, 301
Acipenser sturio, 317
Acipenseridæ, 347
Acrocephalus palustris?, 161; phragmites, 157; streperus, 155, 156; turdoides, 155, 161
Addax nasomaculatus, 318
Ægialitis hiaticula, 67, 74, 160
Ægotheles leucogaster, 140
African, South, beetles, 237; list of birds, 478; fauna, 478, 559
Ageronia, 532; feronica, 350
Agrotis ashworthii, 539; cursoria, 310
Ajuga chamæpitys, 446
Alauda arvensis, 73, 159, 163, 271, 517; cristata, 163
Albino Stoat, 79, 179; Squirrel, 132; Beaver, 220, 267; eggs of Redbreast, 221
Alca impennis, 382; torda, 68, 76
Alcedo ispida, 160
Alcidæ, 174, 175
Altai Mountains, Zoology and Botany of, 334
Amiidæ, 304
Amsterdam, zoological collections, 316
Anarrhichas lupus, 317
Anas boscas, 70, 73; intermedia, 128; punctata, 142; superciliosa, 139
Anchorella uncinata, 344
Anchovy at Great Yarmouth, 558
Animals, wild, our obligations to, 430
Annelids, new British, 262
Anser cinereus, 70, 224
Antelope protecting its young, 146
Anthropopithecus niger, 316
Anthus obscurus, 72; obscurus rupestris, 61; pratensis, 61, 72, 87; trivialis, 158, 162
Ants in Ceylon, 144
Antwerp zoological collection, 318
Apteryx mantelli, 317; oweni, 317
Araschnia, 460 m
Archæopteryx, 295, 297
Ardea cinerea, 247; garzetta, 171; goliath, 217; purpurea, 247
Ardeola ralloides, 247
Ardetta involucris, 542
Arsilonche venosa, 539
Asio accipitrinus, 73, 115; americanus, 544
Aspro vulgaris, 469
Astur palumbarius, 28
Athene noctua, 160
Auk, Great, sale of egg, 382
Australia, South, destruction of birds in, 46; North-West, corrections to notes from, 371
Australian Ornithology (1898), 383
Aviculture and its scientific status, 273
Avocet in Dorset, 32
Badgers and Foxes, 191
Bat, Leisler's, in Cheshire, 266; Serotine, near Hastings, 266; Whiskered, in captivity, 49,—death by misadventure, 475
Bats, some habits of, 131; the mode in which their prey is secured, 471
Beaver, albino, 220, 267
Bee-eater in Malta, 255, 257
Beetles, South African, 237
Belgium, notes on the birds of, 149
Bill of Grey Lag-Goose, colour of, 224
Biological scholasticism, 332; suggestions—mimicry, 289, 341, 446, 529
Bird-life, some peculiarities of the season in, 271
Bird, stray, in Kent, 221
Birds, British, original sketches of, 1, 198, 506; varying fecundity in, 23, 86, 137, 164; song, and storms, 43; destruction of, in S. Australia, 46, -in Norfolk, 83; of Shetland, notes on, 72; in Kensington Gardens, 84; and their eggs, coloration of, 108, 168; Passerine, on first primary in, 129; songs of, affected by weather, 135, 183, 225, 324; variations in plumage of certain, 138; of Belgium, notes on, 149; nesting, covering of eggs by, 183; of Cheshire, 518
​Birds' Protection Society, 92, 192
Bittern, Common, in Malta, 255, 256
Blackbird, male, storing seeds at nest, 181; mimicking notes of, 181; in Malta, 257; and ivy-seeds, 267
Black-game in Suffolk, 557
Blattidæ, 301; regeneration of legs, 45
Blennius gattorugine, 273, 326
Blenny, Gattoruginous, at Great Yarmouth, 273; in Essex, 326
Bombinator igneus, 100; pachypus, 318,—spawning, after two years of captivity in England, 513
Books Noticed:—
    Colour in Nature—a Study in Biology, by Marion J. Newbigin, 33
    Flashlights on Nature, by Grant Allen, 35
    Animals of To-day, their Life and Conversation, by C.J. Cornish, 36
    Catalogue of the Syntomidæ in the Collections of the British Museum, by Sir G.F. Hampson, 37
    The Last Link, by Ernst Haeckel and Hans Gadow, 89
    Zoological Results based on Material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands, and elsewhere, collected by Arthur Willey, 90
    Wild Life at Home: How to Study and Photograph it, by R. Kearton, 91
    The Fishes of North and Middle America: a Descriptive Catalogue of the species of Fish-like Vertebrates found in the Waters of North America north of the Isthmus of Panama, by D.S. Jordan and B.W. Evermann, 93
    Fossil Medusae, by Charles Doolittle Walcott, 93
    Birds of the British Isles, drawn and described by John Duncan, 94
    In the Australian Bush and on the Coast of the Coral Sea, being the Experiences and Observations of a Naturalist in Australia, New Guinea, and the Moluccas, by Richard Semon, 185
    Cambridge Natural History: Birds, by A.H. Evans, 186; Insects, by David Sharp, 425
    The Resources of the Sea, as shown in the Scientific Experiments to test the effect of Trawling and of the Closure of certain Areas of the Scottish Shores, by W.C. Mcintosh, 188
    Des Hybrides à l'état sauvage—Règne Animal (Classe des Oiseaux), par André Suchetet, 189
    A Dictionary of Bird Notes, to which is appended a Glossary of Popular, Local, and Old-fashioned Synonyms of British Birds, by Charles Louis Hett, 190
    The Foundations of Zoology, by Wm. Keith Brooks, 227
    The Penycuik Experiments, by J.C. Ewart, 229
    Wild Animals I have Known, by Ernest Seton Thompson, 230
    Report of Observations of Injurious Insects and Common Farm Pests during 1897 and 1898, by Eleanor A. Ormerod, 231
    A Text-Book of Agricultural Zoology, by Fred F. Theobald, 232
    The Geography of Mammals, by William Lutley Sclater and Philip Lutley Sclater, 276
    Outlines of Vertebrate Palæontology for Students of Zoology, by Arthur Smith Woodward, 277
    Report of U.S. Department of Agriculture (1898), 44; Year-Book (1898), 283
    New Zealand Moths and Butterflies, by G.V. Hudson, 278
    Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society, 286
    Alfalfa, Grasshoppers, Bees—their relationships, by S.J. Hunter, 287
    Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Zoology, 327
    An Illustrated Manual of British Birds, by Howard Saunders, 328
    Bird-life in a Southern County, being Eight Years' Gleanings among the Birds of Devonshire, by Charles Dixon, 329
    Sport in East Central Africa, being an Account of Hunting Trips in Portuguese and other Districts of East Central Africa, by F. Vaughan Kirby, 330
    Darwinism and Lamarckism, Old and New, by Frederick Wollaston Hutton, 373
    Insects, their Structure and Life—a Primer of Entomology, by Geo. H. Carpenter, 374
    The House Sparrow (the Avian Rat) in relation to Agriculture and Gardening, with Practical Suggestions for Lessening its Numbers, by W.B. Tegetmeier, 375
    A List of British Birds belonging to the Humber District (having a special reference to their Migrations), by John Cordeaux, 375
    Faune de France, contenant la description de toutes les espèces indigènes disposées en tableaux analytiques et illustrée de figures représentant les types caractéristiques des genres et des sous-genres, par A. Acloque, Préface de Ed. Perrier, 376
    Cries and Call-Notes of Wild Birds, by C.A. Witchell, 376
    All about Birds, by W. Percival-Westell, 377
    The Fauna of Shropshire, by H. Edward Forrest, 423
    The Birds of Breconshire, by E. Cambridge Phillips, 424
    Lancashire Sea Fisheries, by Chas. L. Jackson, 426
    A Handy Book of Fishery Management, by J.W. Willis Bund, 427
    Bird-life in an Arctic Spring, 428
    Naturæ Novitates, 479
    A Dictionary of Birds, by Alfred Newton, assisted by Hans Gadow, with contributions from R. Lydekker, C.S. Roy, and R. W. Shufeldt, 520
    Man, Past and Present, by A.H. Keane, 521
    The Distribution of the Negritos in the Philippine Islands and Elsewhere, by A.B. Meyer, 523
    The Natural History of Selborne, by Gilbert White, edited, with notes, by Grant Allen, 523
    The North American Slime-Moulds, by Thomas H. Macbride, 524
    Bird Stuffing and Mounting, 525
Bos americanus, 316, 318; bonassus, 316, 318; depressicornis, 316
Botaurus minutus, 542; stellaris, 542
Bot-Fly, damage caused by, 336
Brachioptilon hamiltoni, 146
Brachydices, 301
Brachypternus aurantius, 419
Bradyornis silens, 80
Breeding of Tufted Duck in South-west Derbyshire, 476
Bryozoa, 536
Bubalus pumilus, 318
Bufo calamita, 87, 318; vulgaris, 97, 98
Bunting, Cirl, in North Cheshire, 222; in Carnarvonshire, 322; probably often overlooked, 418
Bustard, Little, at Lowestoft, 31
Buteo lagopus, 557; vulgaris, 160, 241, 247, 250
Caccabis saxatilis, 177
Cacomantis pallidus, 141
Calidris arenaria, 140, 142
Caligus curtus, 344; mülleri, 344
Callista fastuosa, 325
Camelus bactrianus, 306
Campephaga leucomela, 140
Camponotus ebeninus (foveolatus), 452; lateralis, 452
Canchroma cochlearia, 317
Canis niger, 318; pallipes, 552; vulpes, 192
Caprellidæ, 290
Caprimulgus europæus, 369, 388, 406
Capsella bursa-pastoris, 348
Capsidæ, 357
Carabus stenocephalus, 310
Cardinal, Red-headed, longevity of, 275
Caspian and Baltic Seas, comparison of faunas, 528
Castor canadensis, 220, 267
Casuarius bennetti, 543
Catastomidæ, 304
Catharista atra, 317
Cats in London, 78
Cattle, White, their origin and history, 41; the Chartley, 333
Caulerpa, 464
Ceraloptera vampyrus, 146
Ceratobasis robertsii, 146
Ceratobatrachus guentheri, 542
Cercoleptes caudivolvulus, 448
Cercopithecus brazzæ, 318
Certhia familiaris, 157, 556
Cerura furcula, 538; venula, 468
Cervicapra arundinum, 146
Chaetophorus cretiferus, 538
Charadrius morinellus, 169; orientalis, 142; pluvialis, 66, 74
Chartley White Cattle, 333
Chelidon urbica, 158, 162
Chelys fimbriata, 450
Cheshire, birds of, 518
Chiffchaff, early appearance in Warwickshire, 132, 134; building on small yew and box trees, 517, 555
Chironomus, 352
​Chlænopagurus andersoni, 526
Chœrocampa elpenor, 453; porcellus, 453
Choriotis australis, 140
Cicadidæ, 351
Circus æruginosus, 115, 250; cineraceus, 115; cyaneus, 250; jardinii, 141
Cirratulus, 462
Cirrepidesmus asiaticus, 142
Cladocora cæspitosa, 457, 458
Clangula glaucion, 73
Clavariæ, 463
Clupea sprattus, 238, 239
Coccyzus americanus, 178; erythrophthalmus, 178
Collection, private, distribution of a, 420
Collyriocincla rufiventris, 140
Colobus occidentalis, 449
Coloration of British birds and their eggs, 168
Columba livia, 74, 160; œnas, 160; palumbus, 86, 160, 163
Colymbus arcticus, 69; septentrionalis, 69, 77
Commensalism, Hermit-Crab and Sea-Anemone, 526
Congress, ornithological, in Bosnia, 431
Connochætes taurina, 316, 318
Coracias indica, 419
Cordeaux, John, memoir of, 415
Coregonus artedi, 304
Correction, a proposed, 372
Corvus australis, 408; corax, 64, 73, 247; cornix, 64, 73, 247; corone, 85, 159, 163; frugilegus, 85, 370; monecula, 85; monedula, 159, 163
Cotile riparia, 85, 158, 271
Cottus gobio, 352; scorpius var. grœnlandicus, 273
Coturnis communis, 160
County Records:—
    Berkshire—Notes, 136; Vertebrates, 133
    Cheshire—Long-tailed Field Mouse, 27; Cirl Bunting, 222, 418; Leisler's Bat, 266; Whiskered Bat, 475; Birds of Cheshire, 518
    Cornwall—Pelamid, 421
    Cumberland—Blue-headed Wagtail, 267
    Derbyshire—Moorhen, 31; Starlings, 268; Tufted Duck, 476
    Dorsetshire—Avocet, 32
    Essex— Gattoruginous Blenny, 326; Bombinator pachypus, 513
    Gloucestershire—Wheatear, 132; plumage of certain birds, 138
    Hampshire—Scoter, 30, 80; Moorhen, 81, 82; Song Thrush, 417; Swallows and Hobbies, 517
    Herefordshire—Red-headed Cardinal, 275; Ring Ouzel, 403
    Kent—A stray bird, 221; Superb Tanager, 325; Chiffchaff, 517
    Lancashire—Long-tailed Field Mouse, 27; Moor-hen, 30, 31; Wheatear, 321
    Leicestershire—Songs of birds, 183
    Lincolnshire—Spring migrations, 193; Seals, 417
    Middlesex—Cats in London, 78; birds in Kensington Gardens, 84; Grey Lag-Goose, 224; Rooks, 370; Green Woodpecker near London, 518
    Norfolk—Ornithological record (1898), 113; destruction of birds, 114, 183; Spoonbill, 270; notes, 272, 366; Demoiselle Crane, 419; Icterine Warbler, 475; Buff-breasted Sandpiper, 475; Blennius gattorugine, 273; Anchovy at Yarmouth, 558
    Nottinghamshire—Tree Creeper, 556; notes, 557
    Oxfordshire—Greenfinch, 135; Black-breasted Partridges, 270; songs of birds, 324; ornithological notes, 431; Swallows and Hobbies, 476; Chiffchaff, 555
    Somersetshire—Crossbill, 27; Moor-hen, 30, 557; Stoat, 179; Blackbird, 181; Starlings, 370; Green Woodpecker, 419; Spotted Flycatcher, 556
    Suffolk—Little Bustard, 31; Great Shearwater, 31; Toad, 97; Helix cartusiana, 143; Cuckoo, 223, 323; Black-game, 557
    Surrey—Cuckoo, 135; Common Snipe, 225; Viper feeding in confinement, 518,—killed by a Mouse, 519
    Sussex—Redbreast, 221; Serotine Bat, 266; Grey Seal, 320
    Warwickshire—Great Grey Shrike, 79; Chiffchaff, 132; Whitethroat, 132
    Westmoreland—Hobby, 556
    Wiltshire—Squirrel, 132
    Worcestershire—Chiffchaff, 134 Common Crossbill, 222; notes 259
    Yorkshire—Goshawk, 28; Grebes, 32; Bats, 52; White Stoats, 79, 131; Great Grey Shrike, 80; Land-Rail, 81; Roseate Tern, 83; Iceland Gull, 84, 131; Wheatear's eggs, 321; Hawfinches, 321; Great Spotted Woodpecker, 322; Spring migrants, 323; Whinchat, 369; Spotted Flycatcher, 369; Nightjar, 369; Starlings, 370; Grey Plover, 419; Song-Thrush, 554; Willow-Wren, 555
Crab, Edible, of Sydney, 432; Hermit, 526
Cracticus torquatus, 408
Crane in Malta, 255; Demoiselle, on Norfolk coast, 419
Cranes in Norfolk, 119
Crangon vulgaris, 468
Craterellus, 463
Creeper, Tree, nesting in roof, 556
Crex pratensis, 74, 81
Cricetus frumentarius, 306, 347
Crossbill in North Wales, 28, 182; in Worcestershire, 222
Crossbills, flock, at Yeovil, 27
Cuckoo, habits of, during breeding season, 135; eggs of, the variation in, 176, 223,—in nest of Red-backed Shrike, 223; in Malta, 255; economy of, 322; young, aiding a, 371
Cuculus canorus, 64, 135, 160, 171, 223, 255, 271, 322, 323, 371, 461
Culicidæ, 309, 478
Curlew at sea, 419
Cyanecula suecica, 57; wolfi, 57
Cyanops asiatica, 419
Cychrus cylindricollis, 310
Cygnus atratus, 410
Cymatophora duplaris, 539
Cynictis penicillata, 179; steedmannii, 358
Cypselus affinis, 418; apus, 86, 159, 163, 171, 370; melba, 353; pacificus, 140
Danais, 444
Dasypeltis scabra, 451
Dasypus villosus, 305
Daulias luscinia, 153, 161, 507
Dendrocopus minor, 64; major, 322
Dermestes, 309
Diary, observational, of habits of Nightjars, 388, 406
Dicerobatis giornæ, 146; sp.? (with Plate), 145
Didunculus strigerostris, 548
Dinosaur, a monstrous, 87
Dixa, 358
Dog and Fox hybrids, 240
Dove, Turtle, in Malta, 255, 257
Dresser, ornithological collection, sale of, 384
Duck, Tufted, breeding in South-west Derbyshire, 476
Ducks (Garganey, Pintail, Pochard, Scaup, Shoveller, Teal) in Malta, 254
Dytiscus, 541
Eagle, Golden, in North Scotland, 42
Echidna aculeata, 316
Eel, food of, 558
Egernia cunninghami, 412; whitei, 411
Egg of Great Auk, sale, 382
Eggs, curious deposit of, 148; of Cuckoo, variation in, 176, 223,—coloration, 168,—in nest of Red-backed Shrike, 223, 323; of Moorhen, 182; covering of by nesting birds, 183; white, of Redbreast, 221; of Wheatear, large clutch, 321
Elephant, Sea (with Plate), 386
Elephas africanus, 551; indicus, 551
Elophorus aquaticus, 538
Emberiza cirlus, 222, 322, 418; citrinella, 63, 159, 162, 223; miliaria, 73; schœniclus, 63, 159, 162, 233
Emblema picta, 140
Emyda sp., 431
Enchytræus argenteus, 265; humicultur, 262; pellucidus, 264
Engraulis encrasicholus, 557
Ephthianura aurifrons, 140; tricolor, 140
Equisetaceæ, 294
Equus burchelli, 317; zebra, 316, 318
Erigeron canadense, 348
Eriogaster lanestris, 538
Eristalis, 356
Erithacus rubecula, 58, 85, 153, 221, 271, 506
Eronia leda, 530
Estrelata cærulescens, 317
Euchloe cardamines, 530
Eudynamis mindanensis, 450
Eunomos erosaria, 445
Euphorbiaceæ, 464
Eupœcilia roseana, 531
Eurystomus pacificus, 143, 371
Exidia, 463
​Falco æsalon, 64; barbarus, 246; projana, 241; subbuteo, 476, 517, 556; tinnunculus, 73
Faunas of Caspian and Baltic Seas, 528
Fecundity, varying, in birds, 23, 86, 137, 164
Felis guigna, 316
Fishery, Seal and Whale (1898), 103
Finches (Chaffinch, Goldfinch, Greenfinch, and Hawfinch) in Malta, 256
Fish, a probable species to be added to British lists, 429.
Fishes, seven senses of, 383
Flamingo in Merionethshire, 29
Flatinæ, 452
Flint implements, spurious, 18; arrow-heads figured, 20; axes figured, 21
Flower, Sir William Henry, memoir of (with portrait), 337
Flycatcher, Pied, in North Wales, 134; Spotted, time of arrival, 369, —abnormal nesting place, 556
Food of Grebes, 32
Forficula, 357
Forficulidæ, 301
Fox and Dog hybrids, 240
Foxes in Halifax, 144; and Badgers, 191
Francolinus levaillantii, 545; subtorquatus, 545
Fratercula arctica, 69, 76
Fredericia agricola, 264; magna, n. s., 262
Fregata minor, 139
Fringilla clebs, 85, 138, 158, 162; montifringilla, 62
Fulica atra, 547; australis, 142
Fuligula cristata, 136, 476; ferinoides (homeyeri), hybrid between F. nyroca and F. ferina, 128
Fulmarus glacialis, 77
Gadus morrhua, 272, 343
Gallinago cœlestis, 74, 225
Gallinula chloropus, 30, 31, 81, 86, 182
Garrulus glandarius, 159, 171
Gastrophilus equi, 357
Gastrosteus spina chia, 349
Gazella euchore, 213
Geaster, 463
Gecinus sp.?, 151, 159, 163; viridis, 181, 419, 518
Geese, Wild, in Malta, 258
Gehyra variegata, 411
Geoglossum, 463
Geoplana cærulea, 462; splendens 462
Georyssus areniferus, 538
Glycyphila albifrons, 140
Gobius capito probably to be found in British waters, 429
Goose, Grey Lag, colour of bill, 224
Goshawk nesting in Yorkshire, 28
Grebe, Sclavonian, in Oxfordshire, 441
Grebes, food of, 32; Blacknecked, Little, and Sclavonian, in Malta, 254, 256, 257
Greenfinch, regularity in beginning song, 135
Grus virgo, 419
Gryllidæ, 301
Guepinia, 463
Guinea-fowl, hybrid, 119
Gull, Iceland, at Scarborough, 84
Gymnodactylus platurus, 412
Habit, a, of Roseate Tern, 83
Habits, nesting, of Moor-hen, 30, 31, 81, 82; of Roseate Tern, 83; some, of Bats, 131; of Cuckoo during breeding season, 135; of Nightjars, 388, 486
Haddiscoe Marshes, Norfolk, notes from, 366
Hæmatopus ostralegus, 67, 74
Halcyon albiventris, 148
Haliaetus albicilla, 65; leucogaster, 412
Haliastur leucosternus, 142
Halichærus gryphus, 131, 320
Hare, Cape Jumping, anatomy of, 45
Harrier, Montagu's, in Malta, 257
Hawfinches near Bradford, 321
Hecteractitis brevipes, 371
Hedgehogs in Halifax, 144
Heliconiidæ, 444
Helix cartusiana and H. ericetorum in Sukolk, 143
Hemisaga prædatoria, 444
Herons (Common, Night, Purple, Squacco), in Malta, 254
Hevea braziliensis, 464
Hieracidea occidentalis, 142
Hieraëtus morphnoides, 139
Hippolyte fascigera, 535; (virbius) varians, 535
Hippotragus equinus, 318; niger, 318
Hirundo rustica, 72, 85, 158, 162, 271; urbica, 85
Hobby in Westmoreland, 556
Hybrids, Fox and Dog, 240
Hydrochelidon leucoptera?, 140
​Hyla, 553
Hylerpeton, 301
Hylodes martinicensis, 361
Hylonomus, 301
Hypoderma bovis, 336
Hypolais icterina, 155, 161, 475
Ibis, Glossy, in Malta, 255; spinicollis, 317
Ictonyx zorilla, 449
Inachus scorpioides, 536
'International Review of Fisheries and Fish-culture,' 527
Ireland.—Mistle-Thrush, 180; Blackbird, 181; Green Woodpecker, 181; Little Tern, 182; Great Wood-boring Wasp, 184, 421; ornithological notes, 364, 481; White Wagtail, 418; Grey Phalarope, 477
Isle of Man, Terns in, 32; Grey Seal, 131
"Isle of Wight Parson," 80
Ispidina natalensis, 148
Iynx torquilla, 159
Jackdaw in Malta, 257
Jay, colour of the iris, 477
Juida ænea, 317
Kallima, 531, 532
Kangaroo, new-born, how does it get into the mother's pouch?, 368
Kensington Gardens, birds in (1897 98), 84
Kestrel in Malta, 256
Ketupa ceylonensis, 317
Kingfisher in Malta, 255, 257
Kite, Black, nesting in Verona, 241
Lacerta muralis, 150
Lagopus albus, 65; scoticus, 271
Lama guanacus, 469
Lamprococcyx basalis, 140
Lamprotornis aurita, 317; chalybea, 317
Lanius collurio, 158, 162, 176; excubitor, 79, 80, 255
Lapwing, heavy death-rate, 225; in Malta, 258
Lark, Short-toed, in Malta, 258; Sky, singing in October, 517
Larus argentatus, 67, 75; canus, 68, 75, 271; fuscus, 67, 75, 136; leucopterus, 84; marinus, 67, 75; nevæ-hollandiæ, 409; ridibundus, 75, 86
Lasiocampa quercifolia, 455
Latrunculus pellucidus, 349
Lepidodendra, 294
Leptalis, 445
Lernea branchialis, 344
Lerneonema monilaris, 239
Leto stacyi, 453
Lichnotentha picata, 140
Ligdus chelifer, 357
Light attractive to fishes, 191
Ligurinus chloris, 135, 158
Limenitis procris, 537
Limnius æneus, 538
Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, 262
Limosa lapponica, 364; melanuroides, 140
Linnet in Malta, 256
Linota cannabina, 159; flavirostris, 62, 72, 272; linaria, 62
Lion, loss of life, in captivity, 47; African, feeding, in Chicago, 47
Locusta viridissima, 351
Locustella nævia, 541
Locustidæ, 301
Loligo vulgaris, 347
Lophophaps ferruginea, 141
Lophyrus pini, 348
Loxia curvirostra, 27, 28, 182, 222
Lusciniola schwarzi, 124
Lycaon pictus, 215, 449
Lycogala epidendron, 463
Lycopodiaceæ, 294
Lygæidæ, 357
Lygosoma tæniolatum, 411
Macacus cynomolgus, 303
Macgillivray, William, the late, proposed memorial to, 42
Machetes pugnax, 115, 171
Macropodus viridi-auratus, 318
Macrorhinus angustirostris, 387; elephantinus, 385; leoninus, 387
Maja verrucosa, 536
Malta, ornithological notes from, 254
Malurus elegans, 141; leucopterus, 141
Man, Early, in Britain, 18
Manta birostris, 146
Mantidæ, 290, 301
Mantis, 300
Marasmius, 463
Mareca penelope, 73
Matricaria chamomilla, 445
Melanitis ledea, 530
Melanoplus differentialis, 287
Meliornis novæ-hollandiæ, 413
Menagerie at Haggerston Castle, 333
Mergulus alba, 76
Mergus merganser, 71; serrator, 71
Merops ornatus, 371
Messmates, strange, 147
​Mice of St. Kilda, 191
Microgaster, 454
Migrants in Aberdeen (1899), 271; spring, in Yorkshire, 323
Migrations, early spring, 193
Milport, Maine, Biological Station, 238
Milvus ictinus, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247; Korschun, 241; migrans, 241, 244, 247; milano, 241
Mimicry, 289, 341, 443, 529
Misocalius osculans, 140
Monitor, Cape, 226, 272; correction, 421
Montagu, Col. George, 378
Moor-hen, nesting habits, 30, 31, 81, 82, 557; eggs and nest of, 182
Mosquitoes, how to collect, 428
Motacilla alba, 61, 157, 162, 418; borealis, 61; flava, 157, 267; lugubris, 86, 268, 271; melanope, 162, 271; raii, 286
Mouse, Long-tailed Field, climbing powers of, 27
Müller, Johannes, monument to, zoological sketches of, 560
Mungoose, Thick-tailed, habits of, in South Africa, 179
Mus sylvaticus, 27
Muscicapa atricapilla, 60, 134; grisola, 60, 85, 162, 369, 556
Museum Reports, &c:—
    Birmingham Nat. Hist. Collection, 236
    Chicago Academy of Sciences, 382
    Essex Local and Educational Mus. of Nat. Hist., 288
    London School Board, 240
    Robertson Museum, 238
Mussels of Mississippi River, 480
Mustela erminea, 79, 131, 179; putorius, 79; vison, 305
Mycteris longicarpus, 412
Mylodon, supposed existing, 380
Myotis daubentoni, 472; mystacinus, 49, 131, 471, 475
Myxicola, 457
Myxine, 350
Myzomela nigra, 141
Natal, zoological notes from (with Plate), 145
Nautilograpsus minutus, 536
Nemathelminthes, 348
Nephila, 414
Neptunus pelagicus, 432
Nest, strange, of South African Pied Bush Shrike, 80; of Titlark with Toad in, 87; of male Blackbird with stored seeds, 181; of Moor-hen, 182; of Red-backed Shrike with eggs of Cuckoo, 222, 323; of Thrush piled up with ivy-berries, 320
Nesting of Goshawk in Yorkshire, 28; habits of Moor-hen, 30, 31, 81, 82, 557; of Short-eared Owl, 121; of Mistle-Thrush, 180; birds, covering of eggs by, 183; of Common Snipe near London, 225; of Black Kite in Verona, 241; of Starlings in fir trees, 370; sites, abnormal, of Willow Wren, 555; of Tree Creeper in roof, 556; place, abnormal, of Spotted Flycatcher, 556
Nestor notabilis, 307
Nests of Short-eared Owl, 421
Niagara Falls, loss of avian life, 44
Nicotiana tabacum, 348
Nightjar in Malta, 256; time of arrival, 369; Red-necked, in Malta, 255
Nightjars, diary of habits, 388, 406
Nisus sphenurus, 351
Norfolk, ornithological record from (1898), 113; destruction of birds, 114, 183
Norway, Northern, ornithological notes from, 54
Numenius arquata, 65, 74, 271, 419; phæopus, 65, 74
Nycticorax ardeola, 247; caledonicus, 140
Obituary:—
    Baur, Georg Hermann Carl Ludwig, 95
    Bonheur, Rosa, 281
    Büchner, Prof. Ludwig, 280
    Cordeaux, John, 384, 415
    Everett, Alfred Hart, 96
    Flower, Sir William Henry, K.C.B., F.R.S., 337
    Hewetson, Henry Hendelack, 280
    McCoy, Prof. Sir F., 280
    Marsh, Prof. O.C, 234
    Nicholson, Prof. Alleyne, 95
    Stark, A.C, Dr., 559
    Stevens, Samuel, 479
    Sykes, Christopher, 47
    Whitehead, John, 382
    Wolf, Joseph, 234
Ocypoda cordimana, 408
Oddi ornithological collection, 432
Œdemia nigra, 30, 80, 557
Œdicnemus crepitans, 545
Ophiderpeton, 301
​Organic colour, origin of, 48
Orgyia antiqua, 455
Oriole, Golden, in Malta, 255, 256
Oriolus galbula, 158, 162, 171
Osteolepus, 802
Otaria gillespii, 552
Othonia gracilis, 536
Otis tetrax, 32,—figured, 120
Otocorys alpestris, 64
Ouzel, Ring, haunt of, 403
Ovis musimon, 549; tragelaphus, 549
Owl, Cape Scops, in captivity, 420; Short-eared, nesting of, 121
Owls (Barn, Long-eared, Scops, Shorteared) in Malta, 254
Oxfordshire, notes on the ornithology of, 433
Panurus biarmicus, 115
Papilio cenea, 530; lyæus, 458; machaon, 318
Paroaria cucullata, 275
Parra gallinacea, 467
Parrots, tax on exports from Loango, 287
Partridge, variety, 126
Partridges, black-breasted, 270; Russian, 224
Parus ater, 85, 157, 308; borealis, 60; cæruleus, 85, 157, 162, 313; major, 85, 157, 162, 308; palustris, 85, 157
Passer domesticus, 63, 72, 85, 158, 162; montanus, 158, 162; rufipectus, 422
Pastor roseus, 317
Pearl-button industry of Mississippi River, 480
Pedetes caffer, 45
Pelamid in Cornwall, 421
Pelamya sarda, 421
Penthina gentiana, 531
Perameles nasuta, 413; obesula, 413
Perdix cinerea, 160, 271; daurica, 270; montana, 126
Petasia casinea, 539
Petrels, Storm, in Malta, 255; flying at light, 557
Petrosea goodenovii, 141
Phalacrocorax carbo, 30, 70, 73, 183; graculus, 73, melanoleucus, 409; novæ-hollandiæ, 408
Phalarope, Grey, in Co. Armagh, 477
Phalaropus fulicarius, 477; hyperboreus, 66, 169
Pharnacea serratipes, 290
Phasianus colchicus, 139, 160
Phasma rossia, 290
Phasmidæ, 290-302, 455, 541
Pheropsophus, 468
Philanthus triangulum, 356
Phocœna, 409
Phoenicopterus roseus, 29
Phomacentridæ, 464
Photodilus badius, 317
Phrynosoma, 468
Phyciodes, 460
Phyllium crurifolium, 456
Phyllomorpha paradoxa, 451
Phyllopteryx sp., 540
Phylloscopus bonellii, 154; rufus, 133, 134, 154, 177, 517, 555; sibilatrix, 154; superciliosus, 221; trochilus, 60, 85, 154, 177, 555
Physaliæ, 409, 410
Pica rustica, 64, 159, 162
Picus major, 460
Pieridæ, 444, 445
Pieris brassicæ, 529, 530
Pigments, green, in invertebrates, 430
Pilobolus, 446
Pionus acciptrinus, 317
Pipistrellus noctula, 131, 473; pipistrellus, 473
Pisa armata, 536; tetradon, 536
Platalea leucorodia, 270
Platycercus semitorquatus, 141; zonarius, 371
Plecotus auritus, 471
Plectophanes nivalis, 63
Plotus levaillanti, 461
Plover, Grey, in summer plumage in Yorks, 419
Plovers (Golden and Grey) in Malta, 255
Plumage of certain birds, variations in, 138
Pochard, Paget's, hybrid, 128
Podiceps auritus, 32
Pœcilogale albinucha, 449
Point Cloates, North-west Australia, notes from, 139
Polecats in Wales, 79; in Halifax, 144
Poliaetus leucogaster, 142
Poymitarcys virgo, 348
Polyporus betulinus, 459; fomentarius, 459
Pond-life, microscopical, 281
Porpoise at London Bridge, 96
Pratincola rubetra, 152, 161, 203, 267, 369, 475; rubecula, 133; rubicola, 152, 161, 208
Pratincole in Malta, 255
Primary, first, in passerine birds, 129
Procellaria pelagica, 77, 557
​Prolochus longiceps, 357
Prosthemadera novae-zealandiæ, 317
Protophasmidæ, 293
Psalidoprocne holomelæna, 147
Psittacula galgula, 317
Puffinus anglorum, 77; major, 31
Pyrrhula europæa, 139, 159; major, 61
Python sebæ, 519
Quail in Malta, 255, 256
Querquedula circia, 115, 136; crecca, 73
Rail, Land, late stay, 81
Rainworth, notes from, 557
Rana esculenta, 150, 156, 318; opisthodon, 361; temporaria, 97, 98
Ray, Eagle, or Devil-fish, a monstrous (with Plate), 145
Razorbill in Malta, 255
Reading, notes from (1898), 136
Recurvirostra avocetta, 32
Redbreast, white eggs of, 221; in Malta, 256
Redshank in Malta, 258
Redstart, Black, in Malta, 255, 257; Common, in Malta, 255
Regulus cristatus, 154; ignicapillus, 154
Rhinoceros bicornis, 469; simus, 469; sumatrensis, 318; unicornis, 470
Rhinolophus hipposiderus, 474
Rhomalea speciosa, 452
Rhombus lævis, 273; maximus, 273
Ricinus, 464
Rissa tridactyla, 76, 343
Rook, singular, 118
Rooks for South Africa, 335; in the West-End of London, 370
Rotterdam zoological collection, 318
Ruticilla phœnicurus, 58, 170, 210; titys, 151, 152, 161
Sabella, 462
Salamandra maculata, 308; maculosa, 318
Salmon in the Tweed and Teviot, 46; Severn, 284; Welsh, 285
Salmonidæ, 304
Salticoidæ, 357
Salvelinus, 304
Sandpiper, Buff-breasted, in Norfolk, 475; Common, in Malta, 258
Saunders, John, testimonial to, 559
Saxicola œnanthe, 58, 72, 132, 152, 170, 200, 321
Scale-insects, 383
'Science Gossip,' 47
Sciurus vulgaris, 132
Scolopax rusticula, 370
Scops capensis, 420
Scoters in South Hants? and Isle of Wight, 30, 80
Scotland.—Lapwings, 225; Songs of birds affected by weather, 225; Whinchat, 267; Pied Wagtail in Aberdeenshire, 268; ornithological notes, 271; Woodcock, 370; Cuckoo, 371; Skylark, 517
Seal and Whale Fishery (1898), 103
Seal, Grey, at Isle of Man, 131; on Sussex coast, 320
Seals, destruction of, 192; in the Wash, 417
Serajevo, Bosnia, ornithological meeting at, 511
Serpentarius secretarius, 460
Sesia bombyliformis, 454; fuciformis, 454
Shag or Green Cormorant in Malta, 257
Shearwater, Great, at Lowestoft, 31
Sheldrake, Ruddy, in Malta, 258
Shetland birds, notes on, 72
Shrike, Great Grey, in Warwickshire, 79,—at Scarborough, 80,—in Malta, 255; South African Bush, strange nest of, 80
Silurus glarus, 317
Sirex gigas, 184, 421
Siskin in Malta, 256
Sisymbrium sophia, 348
Sketches, original, of British birds, 1, 198, 506
Skylark in Malta, 256; singing in October, 517
Snipe, Common, nesting near London, 225; Great, in Malta, 258
Societies.—Royal Microscopical, 281; Zoological, Report (1898), 282,—new President, 382
Sokotra, Island of, Scientific Expedition to, 560
Somateria mollissima, 70, 73
Solea lascaris, 273
Songs of birds affected by weather, 135, 183, 225, 324
Sphongophorus, 452
Spiders, British and Irish, 281
Spiloglaux boobook, 141
Spoonbill near Great Yarmouth, 270
Spreo bicolor, 307
Spirobis, 535
Squatarola helvetica, 142, 419
Squilla mantis, 290
Squirrel, albino, in Wiltshire, 132
Starling in Malta, 255; variety, 255
​Starlings, delinquencies of, 268, 370; nesting in fir trees, 370
Stenorrhynchus longirostris, 536
Stercorarius catarrhactes, 76; crepidatus, 68, 76
Sterna arctica, 32; dougallii, 83; macrura, 67, 74; minuta, 32, 182
Stipiturus malachurus, 140; rufipes, 371
Stoat, white, 79, 131, 179
Stonechat in Malta, 257
Storms and song-birds, 43
Stray bird in Kent, 221
Strigops habrobtilus, 307
Strix delicatulus, 141
Stromatopoda, 290
Sturnus unicolor, 256; vulgaris, 64, 73, 85, 159, 162, 268, 370
Sula bassana, 73
Suricata tetradactyla, 516
Suricate in the Transvaal, 516
Swallows and Hobbies, 476, 517
Swan, Whooper, in Malta, 255
Swifts fighting, 418
Sydney, a ramble near, 407
Sylvia atricapilla, 60, 154, 161; cinerea, 72, 132, 154, 161, 508; hortensis, 154, 161; locustella, 221
Syrnium aluco, 86, 160
Tabanidæ, 309
Tachonidæ, 454
Tait, Lawson, and animal life, 336
Tanganyika, Lake, fauna of, 42
Tanager, Superb, on sexual differences in, 325
Tapirus indicus, 818
"Taxidermist," derivation? 96
Taxus baccata, 310
Tern, Little, in Ireland, 182; Roseate, habit of, 83
Terns in Isle of Man, 32
Tetrao tetrix, 557
Thomisus, 533; onustus, 538
Thrush in Malta, 257; nest of, piled up with ivy berries, 320; Mistle, nesting of, 180; Song, variety, 417,—abundance near Bradford, 554
Titanophasma fayoli, 292, 293
Toad in nest of Titlark, 87; Common, observations on, 97
Todirhamphus pyrrhopygius, 141; sanctus, 139
Totanus calidris, 65; hypoleucus, 66, 74
Trachypetes aquila, 308
Trek-Bokke of Cape Colony, 213
Tremella, 463
Tremellodon gelatinosum, 463
Tres Marias Islands, Nat. Hist., 286
Trichogaster fasciatus, 318
Tringa alpina, 66, 74, 271; striata, 66; temmincki, 66
Triton alpestris, 318; taeniatus, 318
Troglodytes parvulus, 72, 85, 157, 162
Tryngites rufescens, 475
Tuberculosis among animals in Zoological Society's Gardens, 336
Tubifex rivulorum, 852
Turdus iliacus, 7, 58; merula, 13, 85, 152, 161, 181, 267; musicus, 85, 151, 320, 417, 554; pilaris, 58, 557; torquatus, 59, 198, 271, 403; viscivorus, 1, 180
Turnix velox, 140
Turnstones in Malta, 255
Turtle in dry mud, 431
Turtur communis, 160, 163
Typhlopsylla hexactenus, 58
Uria grylle, 68, 76; troile, 76
Ursus torquatus, 316
Utriculariæ, 456
Vanellus cristatus, 74; vulgaris, 225, 271
Vanessa atalanta twenty miles from land, 422
Varanus albigularis, 226, 272, 421; niloticus, 226, 272, 421
Variety of Stoat, 89, 131, 179; Rook, 118; Partridge, 126; Squirrel, 132; Helix ericetorum, 143; Beaver, 220; Starling, 256; Song-Thrush, 417; Green Woodpecker, 419
Vertebrates of Berkshire, 143
Vespertilio serotinus, 131, 266
Vesperugo leisleri, 266
Viper feeding in confinement, 518; killed by a mouse, 519
Vipera verus, 518
Wagtail, Blue-headed, in Cumberland, 267; Pied, abnormal occurrence, 268; White, in Co. Cork, 418 Wagtails (Blue-headed, Grey, and White) in Malta, 255, 256
Wales.—Crossbill, 28, 182; Flamingo, 29; Polecat, 79; Pied Flycatcher, 134; Grasshopper Warbler, 221; Cirl Bunting, 322
Walton's 'Compleat Angler,' sale of first editions, 48
Warbler, Grasshopper, in Breconshire, 221; Icterine, in Norfolk, 475
Wasp, Great Wood-boring, in Ireland, 184, 421
Weldon, W.F.R., new Linacre Prof, at Oxford, 144
​Whale run down by steamer, 287
Whalebone, nomenclature of, 40
Whale and Seal Fishery (1898), 103
Wheatear, winter occurrence of, 132; eggs, large clutch, 321
Whinchat, is it a mimic?, 267, 369
Whitethroat, late stay, in Warwickshire, 132; in Malta, 258
Woodcock, peculiar conduct of, 370
Woodpecker, Green, in Ireland, 181,—variety, 419,—near London, 518; Great Spotted, in Yorkshire, 322
Worcestershire, North, notes on some birds from, 259
Wren, Willow, abnormal nesting, 555
Xantholæma hæmatocephala, 419
Yarmouth, Great, Sprat banquet, 238; notes from, 278; Anchovy, 558
Zebra-Horse hybrids, 180
Zoarces viviparus, 317
Zoological collections of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp, 316
'Zoological Record' for 1897, 40
Zoology for pharmacists, 288
Zosterops. 414; luteus, 140
ILLUSTRATIONS.
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