OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Williams, Morris

​WILLIAMS, MORRIS (1809–1874), Welsh poet, known in bardic circles as ‘Nicander,’ was the son of William Morris of Pentyrch Isaf by his wife Sarah, daughter of William Jones of Coed Cae Bach, in the parish of Llan Gybi, Carnarvonshire. He was born on 20 Aug. 1809 at Carnarvon (Geninen, iv. 143–4), but the family settled soon afterwards at Coed Cae Bach. After attending school at Llan Ystumdwy he was apprenticed to a carpenter; he showed at an early age much skill in writing Welsh verse, and contributed an ode to the ‘Gwyliedydd’ in 1827. He was encouraged to prepare for orders and, with the help of friends, entered King's school, Chester, in 1830. On 13 April 1832 he matriculated at Oxford from Jesus College, graduating B.A. in 1835 and M.A. in 1838. He was ordained deacon at Chester in 1836, and held curacies at Holywell, Pentir, and Llanllechid successively. In 1840 he was ordained priest. He received in 1847 the perpetual curacy of Amlwch, which he held until 1859, when the rectory of Llan Rhuddlad (with Llan Fflewin and Llan Rhwydrus attached) in the county of Anglesey was conferred upon him. In 1872 he was appointed rural dean of Talebolion. He died at Llan Rhuddlad on 3 Jan. 1874, and was buried there. In 1840 he married Ann Jones of Denbigh. One of his sons, W. Glynn Williams, is headmaster of Friars school, Bangor.
His connection with eisteddfodau began in 1849 at Aberffraw, when he was awarded the chair prize for an ode on ‘The Creation.’ It was in this competition he first assumed the title of ‘Nicander.’ He subsequently won prizes for poems at Rhuddlan (1850), Llangollen (1858), Denbigh (1860), Aberdare (1861), and Carnarvon (1862). In 1851 he acted as adjudicator of poetry at Portmadoc eisteddfod, and thereafter was much in request for work of this kind until his death. Except the ode on ‘The Creation,’ which appeared in the Aberffraw volume of ‘Transactions,’ none of Nicander's prize poems have been published, but the following other works were issued by him: 1. ‘Y Flwyddyn Eglwysig,’ Bala, 1843; a series of poems on the plan of ‘The Christian Year.’ 2. Welsh versions of Dr. Sutton's ‘Disce vivere’ and ‘Disce mori,’ under the titles ‘Dysga fyw’ (1847) and ‘Dysga farw’ (1848). 3. ‘Llyfr yr Homiliau,’ Bala, 1847; a revised edition of the homilies of 1606. 4. ‘Y Psallwyr,’ London, 1850; a new metrical version of the Psalms (2nd edit. 1851). 5. ‘Gwaith Dafydd Ionawr,’ Dolgelly, 1851, edited by Nicander. 6. ‘Y Dwyfol Oraclau,’ Holyhead, 1861; an expository treatise. 7. ‘Awdl Sant Paul,’ Tremadoc, 1865. An edition is in preparation of ‘Chwedlau Esop,’ a rendering by him into Welsh verse of the fables of Æsop ​which appeared in instalments in the ‘Haul’ (1868–74). Nicander, though not to be ranked with the foremost of Welsh poets, was equally deft in the use of the free and the ‘strict’ metres, and wrote, especially in his letters, Welsh prose of remarkable vigour.
J. E. L.
# Dorando (Berlin)

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[1st verse:] I feel-a much-a bad like anything All the night I nunga canna sleep It's a my pizon Pasquale He say we take da car And see Dorando race a-"Long-a-ship" Just like the sport, I sell da barbershop And make da bet Dorando he's a win Then to Madees-a Square Pasquale and me go there And just-a like-a dat, da race begin
[chorus:] Dorando! Dorando! He run-a, run-a, run-a, run like anything One-a, two-a hundred times around da ring I cry, "Please-a nunga stop!" Just then, Dorando he's a drop! Goodbye poor old barber shop It's no fun to lose da mon When de son-of-a-gun no run Dorando He's a good for not!
[2nd verse:] Dorando, he's a come around next day Say, "Gentlemen, I wanna tell-a you It's a one-a bigga shame I forgot da man's a-name Who make me eat da Irish beef-a stew I ask-a him to give me da spaghett I know it make me run a-quick-a-quick But I eat da beef-a stew And now I tell-a you Just like da pipps it make me very sick.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1989, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 34 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dorando

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* Dorando (Berlin), song lyrics by Irving Berlin
* Dorando, a Spanish Tale, a work by James Boswell
# Dorchy v. Kansas (272 U.S. 306)

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United States Supreme Court
272 U.S. 306
Dorchy v. Kansas (272 U.S. 306)
Argued: Oct. 7, 1926. --- Decided: Oct 25, 1926
Messrs. John F. McCarron, of Washington, D. C., and Redmond S. Brennan, of Kansas City, Mo., for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. John G. Egan, of Topeka, Kan., Chester I. Long, of Wichita, Kan., and C. B. Griffith, of Topeka, Kan., for the State of Kansas.
Mr. Justice BRANDEIS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dorchy v. Kansas (264 U.S. 286)

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United States Supreme Court
264 U.S. 286
Dorchy v. Kansas
Argued: Jan. 15 and 16, 1924. --- Decided: March 10, 1924
Messrs. Redmond S. Brennan, of Kansas City, Mo., John F. McCarron, of Washington, D. C., Frank Bonar Hegarty, of Kansas City, Mo., and Phil. H. Callery, of Pittsburg, Kan., for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. John G. Egan, of Topeka, Kan., Chester I. Long, of Wichita, Kan., and Richard J. Hopkins, of Topeka, Kan., for the State of Kansas.
Mr. Justice BRANDEIS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dorchy v. Kansas

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Dorchy v. Kansas."
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Dorchy v. Kansas (264 U.S. 286)
* Dorchy v. Kansas (272 U.S. 306)
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Youll, Henry

​YOULD, HENRY (fl. 1608), musician, seems to have been a household musician in the family of one Edward Bacon, and teacher of his four sons, about the beginning of the seventeenth century. In 1608, when the four were all at the university, Youll dedicated to them his only known publication, ‘Canzonets to three Voyces, newly composed by Henry Youll, Practitioner in the Art of Musicke.’ The work, in three part-books, contains twenty-four compositions, of which the last six are fa-las; it was one of the last works printed by Thomas Este or East [q. v.] Youll wrote for cantus, altus, and bassus, using the alto and tenor clefs. The copy of the ‘Canzonets’ in the British Museum Library seems to be unique. None of the pieces have been printed in modern notation. Four of the poems are in Oliphant's ‘La Musa Madrigalesca.’ The compositions, judged by the separate voice parts, appear bright and enlivening, and not without science, though they are by no means profound conceptions. There is a complete list of the twenty-four pieces in Rimbault's ‘Bibliotheca Madrigaliana’ (p. 27); but the part-books are there inaccurately described as cantus, tenor, and bass.
H. D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Youlding, Thomas

​YOULDING, THOMAS (1670–1736), divine and poet. [See Yalden.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Young, Arthur (1693-1759)

​YOUNG, ARTHUR (1693–1759), divine, born in 1693, was the son of Bartholomew Young (d. 12 Aug. 1724) of Bradfield Combust in Suffolk. He was educated at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, graduating LL.B. in 1716, and proceeding LL.D. in 1728. In 1719 he was instituted to the rectories of Bradfield Combust and Bradfield St. Clare. On 27 June 1746 he was installed a prebendary of Canterbury. In 1748 he was presented to the vicarage of Exning in Suffolk, and received a dispensation to hold it with Bradfield St. Clare. He was also chaplain to Arthur Onslow [q. v.], speaker of the House of Commons. Young died on 26 June 1759 at Bradfield Combust, where he had inherited from his father an estate of about two hundred acres, and was buried there. He married Anna Lucretia (d. 6 Oct. 1785), daughter of John Coussmaker of Weybridge in Surrey. By her he had two sons, John and Arthur, and a daughter, Elizabeth Mary, married to John Tomlinson of East Barnet in Hertfordshire. The elder son John Young, fellow of Eton, broke his neck in 1786 while hunting with George III. The younger son, Arthur, secretary to the board of agriculture, is separately noticed.
Young was the author of:
* ‘An Historical Dissertation on Idolatrous Corruptions in Religion from the Beginning of the World, and on the Methods taken by Divine Providence in reforming them,’ London, 1734, 2 vols. 8vo.
* ‘A Dissertation on the Gospel Demoniacks,’ London, 1760, 8vo.
The latter treatise was occasioned by the reply of Richard Smalbroke [q. v.], bishop of St. David's, to Thomas Woolston's ‘Discourse on the Miracles of Our Saviour.’
[Davy's Suffolk Collections in Addit. MSS. 19156 f. 336, 19166 f. 277; Gent. Mag. 1759, p. 346; Le Neve's Fasti Eccles. Angl. ed. Hardy; Addit. MS. 15556, f. 201.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Young

​YOUNG. [See also Yonge.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Young, Aretas William

​YOUNG, Sir ARETAS WILLIAM (1778?–1835), soldier and colonial governor, born in 1777 or 1778, entered the Earl of Portmore's regiment as an ensign on 3 Sept. 1795. He purchased a lieutenancy in the 13th foot on 28 Nov. 1795, and a company on 15 Sept. 1796. He served with the 13th foot in Ireland during the rebellion in 1798 and in Egypt in the campaign of 1801, for which he received a medal. Between 1804 and 1806 he acted as aide-de-camp to General Henry Edward Fox [q. v.] at Gibraltar and in Sicily. On 17 Dec. 1807 he was promoted to be major in the 97th regiment, with which he served in the Peninsula campaigns of 1808–10 and 1811, and was engaged at the battles of Vimeiro, Talavera, and Busaco, at Redinha, the taking of Olivença and first siege of Badajoz. Whenever the fourth division was in movement, the light companies were entrusted to his charge, and during a part of the retreat of the army to the lines of Torres Vedras in 1810 those companies were embodied under his command as a light battalion. He received a medal for the battle of Talavera.
Owing to its thinned ranks the 97th was ordered to England, and Young was promoted on 25 Jan. 1813 to a lieutenant-colonelcy in the 3rd West India regiment, stationed in Trinidad. With five companies he joined the expedition against Guadeloupe in 1815, and received one of the badges of the order of merit presented by Louis XVIII. After his return to Trinidad he was chosen by Sir James Leith [q. v.] to command the troops in Grenada. On being ordered back to Trinidad in August 1816, the council of ​assembly of Grenada presented him with a sword. In 1820, during the absence of Sir Ralph James Woodford, he administered the government of Trinidad for four months, and on the termination of the period was requested to continue a member of the council. During a second absence of Woodford he filled the office of governor for nearly two years, and on his resignation in February 1823 received the thanks of every section of the community. In 1825 the 3rd West India regiment was disbanded, and in January 1826 Young was appointed to the newly created office of her majesty's protector of slaves in Demerara, retiring from the army by sale of his commission on 13 May, with permission to retain the local rank of lieutenant-colonel. On 25 July 1831 he was gazetted lieutenant governor of Prince Edward's Island, and on 9 July 1834 he was knighted. He died in Prince Edward's Island at the government house on 1 Dec. 1835, and was buried at the new English church. He married Sarah Cox of Coolcliffe, Wexford, and was father of Sir Henry Edward Fox Young [q. v.]
[United Service Journal, 1836, i. 380–3; Fraser's Hist. of Trinidad, 1896, ii. 126–7.]
E. I. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Young, Andrew

​YOUNG, ANDREW (1807–1889), author of ‘There is a happy land,’ schoolmaster and poet, second son of David Young, teacher in Edinburgh, was born at Edinburgh on 23 April 1807. He had a brilliant career in the arts and theological classes at Edinburgh University, where he secured Professor Wilson's (‘Christopher North's’) prize for the best poem on the ‘Scottish Highlands.’ In 1830 he was appointed by the town council of Edinburgh headmaster of Niddrie Street school, where he taught for eleven years, starting with eighty pupils and leaving with six hundred. In 1838 he wrote his well-known hymn, ‘There is a happy land,’ first published in James Gall's ‘Sacred Songs,’ and afterwards copied into hymn-books throughout the world. The words were written to an Indian air which he heard one night played on the piano by a lady. In 1840 he became head English master of Madras College, St. Andrews, from which he retired in 1853 to Edinburgh, where he was till his death superintendent of the Greenside parish Sabbath school, being also actively engaged in other philanthropic work. He was found dead in bed on 30 Nov. 1889. His remains were interred in Rosebank cemetery, Edinburgh.
Young was twice married. His first wife, Maria Mivart, whom he married in 1845, died in 1847. He married, secondly, in 1851, Christina Allan, niece of Sir William Allan [q. v.] He was survived by her and a daughter. Many of Young's hymns and poems were contributed to periodicals. A collected edition was published in 1876 as ‘The Scottish Highlands and other Poems,’ a work which entitles him to high rank among Scottish minor poets.
G. S-h.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Stephen (d.1112)

​STEPHEN, usually known as Stephen of Whitby (d. 1112), abbot of St. Mary's, York, took the monastic habit at Whitby in 1078. The Whitby monastery had been ruined by the Danes, but it had been partly restored by William de Percy, first baron Percy [q. v.], and there were a few monks living there when Stephen entered the house. The monks soon chose him as their prior. Percy's former friendship for the foundation, however, had changed to enmity, and his oppression, together with the depredations of pirates and robbers, reduced the house to such sore straits that Stephen had to appeal to the king. William I gave them land at Lastingham, not far off, and thither they removed. Still Percy's ill-will pursued them, and, though Stephen followed the king into Normandy, he obtained no redress. But Alan, earl of Brittany, an old friend of Stephen, now came to his aid, and persuaded him and his monks to remove once more to the neighbourhood of York. Here he gave them the church of St. Olave's and four acres of land upon which to build offices. This land was, however, claimed by Thomas I [q. v.], archbishop of York. Again Stephen, through Alan, appealed to the king, and the latter promised to make good the loss to the see of York. William Rufus visited the new foundation at York which was named St. Mary's Abbey, and made a fresh grant of land and himself assisted in laying the foundations of a new church. When the prosperity of the house seemed secure, Archbishop Thomas renewed his suit for the original four acres, and Stephen appeased him only by obtaining for the see of York the grant of St. Stephen's Church in the city from the king, and by himself adding a voluntary gift of land. Stephen died in 1112.
Stephen wrote: ‘De fundatione Abbatiæ Sanctæ Mariæ Virginis Eboraci anno ab Incarnatione Domini 1088,’ which gives an ​account of his own life also. It was printed from Bodleian MS. 39 in Dugdale's ‘Monasticon Anglicanum,’ iii. 544 seq., but is there ascribed to Simon of Warwick. This may be identical with a treatise (which Bale saw at Westminster) called ‘De Reparato Monachatu,’ in which Stephen is said to have recorded the difficulties attending monastic reform in England in the eleventh century.
A. M. C.-e.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Stephen of Exeter

​STEPHEN of Exeter (fl. 1265), is the supposed author of the ‘Annales Domus Montis Fernandi ab anno XLV usque ad annum MCCLXXIV,’ which is contained in a manuscript in the archiepiscopal library at Armagh. He was apparently born in 1246, and entered the Franciscan order at Multyfarnham, Westmeath, in 1263. Other accounts connect him with Strade in Mayo, where there was a house of the Franciscan order, which Jordan of Exeter, lord of Athlethan, or his son Stephen gave to the Dominicans in 1252 (Archdale, Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 509). Stephen of Exeter may have been a member of the family of the lords of Athlethan. He has been claimed both by Dominican and Franciscan bibliographers, and is called Stephen Hibernicus, and, by an obvious error, Stephen of Oxford.
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Aitchison, George

​AITCHISON, GEORGE (1825–1910), architect, born in London on 7 Nov. 1825, was son of George Aitchison by his wife Maria Freeman. After education at Merchant Taylors' School (1835–41), he was articled in 1841 to his father, then architect to the St. ​Katharine Dock Co. Entering the schools of the Royal Academy in 1847, he graduated B.A. at London University in 1851, and began in 1853 an architectural tour which led to his acquaintance in Rome with George Heming Mason [q. v.]. Mason introduced him to Frederic Leighton [q. v. Suppl. I]. Concluding the tour with William Burges [q. v.], he returned to London in 1855 and four years later was taken into partnership by his father, to whose practice and appointment he succeeded in 1861, becoming subsequently joint architect to the London and St. Katharine Docks Co. In 1865 Leighton, the friend of his lifetime, gave him the opportunity of designing his house and studio in Holland Road, South Kensington (now Leighton House), to which the Arab Hall was added at a later date. Aitchison's other principal works were the hall of the Founders Co. (1877); offices for the Royal Exchange Insurance Co., Pall Mall (1886); decorations for the apartments of the Princess Louise at Kensington Palace; and the board room for the Thames Conservancy (1868), with a frieze by Leighton. He was examiner in architecture and the principles of ornament at the Science and Art Department, South Kensington, and for many years district surveyor for East Wandsworth and Tooting. Aitchison was elected A.R.A. in 1881 and R.A. in 1898. He had already become professor of architecture to the Academy, a post which he resigned in 1905. From 1896 to 1899 he was president of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and during his presidency (1898) was awarded the royal gold medal. His work as an architect, always scholarly, is chiefly marked by his promotion of higher standards of internal decoration and by his collaboration with other artists in such work. He was a wide reader, a good talker, and the collector of an interesting library.
His numerous writings were mostly professional lectures, presidential addresses, or communications to architectural journals. He edited and wrote an introduction to Ward's 'Principles of Ornament' (1892), and was a contributor of several memoirs to this Dictionary, including those of Sir Charles Barry, Francis Hall, and George Homing Mason.
Aitchison resided and worked at 150 Harley Street, where he died, unmarried, on 16 May 1910. An excellent portrait by Sir L. Alma-Tadema, R.A., which was exhibited at the Academy in 1901, hangs in the room of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
[Journal Royal Inst. of Brit. Architects, xvii., 3rd series (1909-10), 581; The Times, 17 May 1910; personal knowledge.]
P. W.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Alderson, Henry James

​ALDERSON, HENRY JAMES (1834–1909), major-general, born at Quebec, Canada, on 22 May 1834, was son of Lieut.-colonel Ralph Carr Alderson, royal engineers, by his wife Maria, daughter of Henry Thorold of Cuxwold, Lincolnshire. John Alderson (1757–1829) [q. v.] physician, of Sculcoates, Yorkshire, was his grandfather. Educated privately at Messrs. Stoton & Mayer's school at Wimbledon (1844–8), he entered the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, as a cadet, in May 1848. He received a commission as second lieutenant in the royal artillery on 23 June 1852, and served in Canada until 1854, when, on promotion to the rank of lieutenant, he returned to England. Serving through the Crimean war, he was present at the battles of the Alma, Inkerman, and at the siege and fall of Sebastopol. He was mentioned in despatches, and received the medal with three clasps, the Turkish medal, and the legion d'honneur, third class. He was promoted to the rank of second captain on 1 April 1859 and from Feb. to June 1864 was attached on special mission to the headquarters of the federal army under General O. A. Gillmor during the civil war in the United States of America, and was present at the bombardment of Charleston.
On his return to England Alderson joined the experimental department of the school of gunnery, Shoeburyness, and became successively captain on 6 July 1867; major 3 July 1872; lieut.-colonel 1 Oct. 1877; colonel (by brevet) 1 Oct. 1881, and major-general 9 July 1892.
From 1871 he held various appointments in the department of the director of artillery at the war office, and in 1891 became president of the ordnance committee. This important office he held until his retirement from the army on 22 May 1896, on account of age. From 1897 until his death he was a director of Sir W. G. Armstrong, Whitworth & Co., the gunmaking firm at Elswick, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
He was made C.B. on 21 June 1887; a K.C.B. on 30 May 1891; and was appointed colonel commandant in the royal artillery on 4 Nov. 1905. He died at Durham on 10 Sept. 1909. He married in 1877 his second cousin, Florence, youngest daughter of Sir Edward Hall Alderson (1787–1857) [q. v.], ​baron of the exchequer, and had one son, Ralph Edward.
[The Times, 11 Sept. 1909; R. A. Institution Leaflet, October 1909.]
J. H. L-e.