# The South Staffordshire Coalfield/Index

INDEX.
* A.
* Page
* Abstract of principal coals20
* Action of forces of disturbance155
* Air heads221
* Aldridge trial pits99, 160
* Alteration of coal, speculations on nature of123
* Alteration of "green rock" into "white rock" trap118
* Amount of coal in different parts of field106
* Analysis of basalt117
* ——— of "white rock" trap118
* Arblaster, Samuel, found ironstone beneath deep coal of Brown Hills76
* ———, on outcrop of coal170
* Arenaceous materials of Coal-measures16
* Argillaceous materials of Coal-measures15
* Ash, trappean, associated with basalt130
* Attwood, Mr., the Hawn colliery of28
* Aymestrey limestone106
* ——— fossils of116
* B.
* Baekstone ironstone21,34
* Baggeridge Wood, Permian conglomerate of13
* Bagnall's, Messrs., pit near Tividale, Thick coal injured by "rock and rig" and trap43
* ———, limestone pits of107
* Baker, Philip, of Landywood89
* Bald's Hill fault165
* Ballstone ironstone (Baremoor)55
* Bangham pit, section in lane leading to9,10,14
* Baremoor colliery30
* ——— —— rock fault at46
* ——— —— section of47
* ——— —— swell or roll at52
* Barnford Hill, Permian conglomerate of12
* Barr Beacon, height of2
* ——— Great Permian rocks at186
* ——— limestone108
* ——— —— and Llandovery rocks found only on east side of coal-field134
* Barrow Hill colliery30
* ——— —— basalt of124
* Basalt3, 117
* ——— and Greenstone, difference between, owing to circumstances150
* ——— —— cut and shifted by faults132
* ——— and ash120, 131
* ——— analysis of117
* ——— at Yew-tree Hill154
* ——— contemporaneous131
* ——— of Barrow Hill124
* ——— of Netherton125
* ——— of Rowley120
* ——— of Pouk Hill125
* ——— mode of deposit of130
* ——— poured out on surface130
* ——— of Rowley, its influence on117
* ——— the dislocation of the rocks152
* Base of Coal -measures80
* Bass coal24
* Batt or bass16
* Beaudesert Old Park, section in104
* Beckett, Mr. H, of Wolverhampton, sections communicated by39, 94
* ——— —— faults between Birch Hills and Harden communicated by169
* ——— —— mining plans of Norton Manor, communicated by102
* ——— —— on stools of plants in coal201
* ——— —— faults laid down by210
* Bell Inn, Northfield, Permian rock near9
* Benches, bottom of Thick coal21, 35
* ——— coal of Wyrley92
* Bentley, beds below Heathen coal56
* ——— Bind coal and ironstone at21, 88
* ——— Blue flats at79
* ——— Bottom coal at72, 168
* ——— fault87, 168
* ——— Fire-clay balls at64
* ——— Fire-clay coal at65, 168
* ——— General section at23
* ——— George, Mr., of,65, 69, 79,88, 98, 167,174
* ——— Heathen coal at55, 88, 158
* ——— Hey coal24, 88, 93, 158
* ——— Lambstone ironstone at88
* ——— Limestone pit at84
* ——— New Mine coal at60, 168
* ——— New Mine stone at56
* ——— Old Man's coal of24, 88, 168
* ——— Poor Robin at58
* ——— separation of New Mine coals at22
* Bibbley rock, description of16
* Page
* Bills, Mr., of Cannock Chase colliery171
* Bilston Meadow, New Mine coal at62
* Bilston, outcrop of Thick coal at
* Bind coal and ironstone53
* Binds, description of16
* Bindstone ironstone (Chillington colliery)55
* Binney, Mr., on Stigmaria and Sigillaria216, 217
* Birch, John, of Brown Hills170
* Birch's coppice, Brown Hills, out-crop of coal at170
* Birch Hills colliery, Bottom coal at60
* ——— —— Green rock at130
* ——— —— New Mine coal at60
* Birchyfield colliery43
* Black ironstone, same as Gubhin21,54
* Black ring54
* Blackheath colliery, abortive sinking at42, 63
* ——— —— possibility of Silurian at81
* Blackwell, Mr. J.K.53, 151
* ——— Mr. S. H.68, 69, 117, 132, 122
* ——— —— faults laid down by210
* Blactery21, 55
* Bloxwich, Heathen coal at88
* ——— source of Tame river near2
* Blue flats ironstone22, 77
* ——— slightly unconformable to Silurian limestone near Walsall135
* Blue stone, or cakes, ironstone21, 51
* Bolt hole221
* Boring at the Birches, near Rugeley174
* ——— at Flaxley Common, near Brereton174
* ——— uselessness of90, 174
* Botany Bay colliery, near Hednesford104
* Bottom benches (Thick coal)21, 35
* ——— coal20, 22, 24, 25, 69
* ——— open work in72, 169
* ——— worked continuously from Bilston to Cannock Chase87
* ——— stratification of, examined with reference to mode of deposit of coal205
* ——— of Wyrley92
* ——— at Essington96
* ——— gubbin, or gubbin and balls22
* ——— slipper (Thick coal)21, 35
* Boundary faults of coal-field, general description142
* ——— detailed description175
* ——— erroneously supposed to have been old cliffs176
* ——— shown to be real dislocations176
* ——— calculation of depth and place of coal outside impossible176
* ——— eastern177
* ——— —— near Oldbury178
* ——— —— near Westbromwich178
* ——— —— near Barr179
* ——— —— between Hay Head and Lappal Tunnel, discussion of179
* ——— —— splitting of, near Brown Hills180
* ——— —— eastern, no Permian outside northern part of180
* ——— —— near Brereton180
* ——— —— near Beaudesert and Brown Hills180
* ——— —— near Walsall Wood181
* Boundary fault, western181
* ——— —— branches of, near Kings-winford181
* ——— —— north of Stourbridge181
* ——— —— near Oldswinford181
* ——— —— near Himley and Sedgley182
* ——— —— near Parkfield, violent fractures at182
* ——— —— near Wolverhampton182
* ——— —— from Wolverhampton to Cannock182
* ——— —— splitting of, near Wedge's Mills183
* ——— —— near Hednesford183
* ——— —— probably more recent than lias188
* Bradley lodge37
* ——— colliery64
* ——— Lower, Getting rock at69
* ——— Upper66
* Brand Hall, Permian conglomerate at12
* Brassils (Thick coal)21, 35
* Brereton collieries105
* Brewer, Mr., of Goscott169
* Brierley Hill, trough faults at156
* Broad earth or heath21, 34, 111
* Brockmoor fault156
* Bromley Hall colliery32
* Bromsgrove Lickey, height of1
* Brooch binds ironstone32
* ——— coal20, 31
* ——— of Wyrley92
* ——— —— at Essington96
* Brooks, John, of Pelsall Heath169
* Brough, Mr. Lionel, one of H. M.'s Inspectors of Collieries63
* Brown Hills colliery64
* ——— dip of beds at102
* ——— general section of23
* ——— New Mine, coal at61
* Brownstone ironstone22, 55
* Buddie, Mr., on "the Horse" Forest of Dean colliery45
* Bullock's Farm pits, Permian coal at12
* Bunter beds3, 4, 5
* Bushbury, Permian rocks near183
* Butty, or charter-master system221
* C.
* Cakes, ironstone22,57
* Canals, levels of1
* Cannel coal23,92,95
* Cannock Chase colliery171
* ——— district102
* ——— contains whole of Coal-measures103
* ——— height of2
* Page
* Coal, stratification of, observes law of relation of specific gravity to action of moving water205
* Coal,— — — total amount of thickness of, in South Staffordshire (note)106
* Coal,— — — varieties of17
* Coal-field divided into two parts, and the subdivisions of each142
* Coal-measures abutting against Silurian cliffs80
* Coal-measures— — — all deposited by one kind of operation206
* Coal-measures— — — and Silurian, slight distinction between83
* Coal-measures— — — deposited unconformably on slightly elevated and denuded edges of Silurian beds134
* Coal-measures— — — detailed description28
* Coal-measures— — — fossils of, note by Mr. Salter on27
* Coal-measures— — — general description of16
* Coal-measures— — — on two sides of northern part of coal-field, comparison of101
* Coal-measures— — — unconformable on Llandovey sandstone near Barr110
* Coal-measures— — — do. do. near the Lickey
* Coal-measures— — — Cockshutts colliery, Blue flats at78
* Coal-measures— — — Fire-clay balls at63
* Colly, Mr., of Shut End, on gate road through Shut End fault158
* Colmers and Kendal End, limestone at111
* Columnar basalt at Rowley119
* Columnar— — — radiating at Pouk Hill125
* Commissioners of Norton Manor, faults inserted from plans of170
* Comparison of Coppy Hall and Aldridge pits100
* Compound seams of coal25
* Conduit colliery, Brown Hills74
* Conduit— — — Gubbin and Balls at76
* Coneygree colliery58, 64
* Coneygree— — — New Mine coal at62
* Conformability or unconformability of formations to each other123
* Conformability— — — apparent, of Permian to Coal-measure along southern boundary175
* Conglomerate or pebble beds of New Red sandstone6
* Conglomerate— — — near Wordesley2
* Conglomerate— — — lie and position of between Harbourne and Brereton187
* Connection of central and south-western part of coal-field163
* Cook's Wood, section near11
* Cooksey, Mr., of Westbromwich50, 122
* Cooper's Lodge, outcrop of coal near102
* Coppy Hall colliery, near Walsall Wood99
* Corbyn's Hall colliery30, 32, 37
* Corbyn— — — New Mine stone at67
* Corbyn— — — lower measures at62, 67
* Corbyn— — — fault157
* Corns (part of Thick) coal21, 35
* Corngreaves colliery30
* Coseley, Poor Robins ironstone at69
* Coselwy and Wednesbury fault165
* Coxe's Rough, quarry in basalt of120
* Cradley basin, detailed description of166
* Caradley basin— — — general description of143
* Crop of beds south of Bentley fruit67
* Crop of— — — coal into New Red sandstone at Brereton173
* Crop of— — — of Wyrley Cannel coal towards Essington122
* D.
* Daffodilly, sandstone under Barr limestone near110
* Darlaston fault165
* Dartmouth, Lord, Heath pits of12, 136
* Darwin, Mr., on faults193
* Davis, Messrs., pits at Bullock's farm11
* Davis— — —, and Bloomer, Messrs., pits at Pelsall73
* Davis— — — Mr. J. E., fossils found at Barr by112
* Daw End, termination of limestones near160
* Daw end— — — fault
* Dawes, Mr., on Stigmaria beds217
* Deep coal26
* Deep Coal— — — lower part of Bottom coal72
* Deepfields colliery36
* Deepfields— — — colliery— — — getting rock and Poor Robin at63
* Deepfields— — — limestone at94
* Deepmore coppice, Great Bentley fault near87
* De la Bcche, Sir H.4, 117, 216
* Note on Stigmaria beds216
* Denudation of coal-field by removal of superincumbent Lias and New Red sandstone100
* Depth of coal beneath the Red Coal-measure clays102
* Depth of— — — coal„ beneath the New Red sandstone and Permian rocks200
* Description of rocks2
* Diagram representing the separation of the beds of the Thick coal26
* Diamonds ironstone22, 77
* Difference between those boundaries of the coal-field which are formed by faults and those by superposition of beds175
* Dip of measures about Pelsall and Wyrley87, 171
* Dipteronotua cyphis, fossil fish6
* Dispute as to true meaning of the word fault191
* Division of coal-field, principal line of142
* Dock meadow colliery, Bilston, Bottom coal at70
* "Door-case" rock, vein of white trap123
* Drift gravel distinguished from New Red conglomerate6
* Drift gravel— — — or superficial accumulations207
* Drift clay, Liassic and Oolite fossils in6,207
* Page
* Dudley, Brothers, their colliery near Bentley64, 79
* ——— Rev. E., former sinking by42
* ——— and Sedgley anticlinal142, 145
* ——— —— rock106
* ——— Castle hill, height of2
* ——— structure of145
* ——— limestone at Walsall section108
* ——— —— at Dudley and Sedgley107
* ——— —— in various pits beneath coal-field107, 161
* ——— Port, trough faults163, 194
* ——— —— limestone at83
* ——— Woodside, New Mine stone at57
* Durocher, M., Essay on Comparative Petrology119
* Dykes, horizontal, near Barrow Hill124
* ——— —— under centre of coal-field127
* E.
* Eastern boundary fault177
* Egerton, Sir P. de M. G., on fossil fish5
* Eglinton, Mr. George, of Shustoke Lodge109
* Enville, Permian conglomerate at "Eruptive" and "intrusive" rocks, difference between120
* Essington and Wyrley coals connected with those of rest of coal-field87
* ——— —— same as the Thick coal of Bilston, &c23
* ——— district, general section of23
* ——— colliery, section of94
* ——— —— beds of, same as those of Wyrley89
* ——— —— dip of beds at98
* ——— Wood, brick pits at93
* ——— —— fault172
* ——— —— measures near, said to be injured by "white rock" trap129
* Ettingsball Lane colliery63
* ——— Lodge colliery37, 58, 68, 70
* Expansion of Thick coal into the Wyrley and Essington measures25
* ——— bearing of on question of deposition of coal203
* Extension of beds, both of coal and other stratified rocks, is usually in proportion to fineness of grain17, 204
* F.
* Fault, apparent, caused by sudden thickening of sandstone60
* ——— Balds Hill165
* ——— Baremoor155
* ——— Bentley167
* Fault between Brown Hills and Walsall Wood, magnitude of101
* ——— boundary, eastern177
* ——— —— western181
* ——— —— more recent than Lias198
* ——— Brockmoor156
* ——— commencement of pair of Trough, in Victoria colliery194
* ——— Corbyn's Hall157
* ——— Corngreaves155
* ——— Coseley and Wednesbury165
* ——— Darlaston165
* ——— Essington Wood172
* ——— examples of, confusion in ideas of190
* ——— explanation of Trough196
* ——— Hawn155
* ——— in New Bed sandstone near Staffor187
* ——— incongruous meanings attached to190
* ——— King's Hill165
* ——— Lanesneld165
* ——— Moat165
* ——— near Brereton174
* ——— —— Clayhanger170
* ——— —— Hayes colliery155
* ——— Old Mitre172
* ——— practical value of proper definition of190
* ——— proved by driving near Brereton173
* ——— said to differ from a "slip"190
* ——— south of Quarry Hill, Halesowen155
* ——— —— Ryder's Hays colliery170
* ——— splitting of the Bentley169
* ——— Shut End158
* ——— synonyms for190
* ——— term applied to a " substance" and not to a "dislocation"190
* ——— Tipton and Hill top165
* ——— width of157
* Faults between Dudley Port Trough and Bound's Green164
* ——— in New Bed sandstone about south end of coal-field188
* ——— in Permian rocks about south end of coal-field186
* ——— junction of two193
* ——— near Gornall Wood159
* ——— —— High Bridge, Pelsall170
* ——— —— Norton reservoir170
* ——— —— Rushall160
* ——— —— the Moat, Pelsall170
* ——— —— Wyrley171
* ——— north of Bentley168
* ——— —— of Rising Sun Trough170
* ——— on189
* ——— once formed, often re-acted on199
* ——— relative date of198
* ——— single lined192
* ——— three, necessary for the bodily elevation or depression of any entire piece of ground193
* ——— Trough, Brierley Hill156
* Page
* Faults, Trough, Dudley Port163
* ——— —— explanation of194
* ——— —— High Bridge170
* ——— —— Rising Sun170
* ——— —— Tansy Green158
* ——— variation in throw of192
* Figgins, Mr., the late, of Brereton104
* Fine coal (part of Thick coal)21
* Fine floors coal (part of Thick coal)21
* Fire-clay balls ironstone22, 63
* ——— coal20, 22, 25, 65
* ——— —— or Cinder coal24, 26
* ——— description of16
* Finnstone, Mr., deep pit at the Leys ironworks sunk by63, 67, 82
* Fish, fossil, in coal20, 27
* ——— —— New Red sandstone5
* Five-foot coal of Bentley and the neighbourhood, part of the New Mine26
* Flavell, Mr., pit sunk at the Stone House near Harborne by106, 167
* Fletcher, Mr., of Dudley, cabinet of fossils113
* Floors (part of Thick coal)21
* Flying-reed coal18
* ——— bearing of, on question of formation of coal203
* ——— crops south of Lanesfield fault87
* ——— possibly the same as the Old Robins coal of Wyrley26
* ——— near Bilston36
* ——— near Kingswinford37
* Foot coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Forbes, Prof Edw., on fossils in ironstone58
* Formation of coal, question considered201
* Fossil plants in New Red sandstone188
* Fossils, list of, from Llandovery sandstone at Shustoke Lodge110
* ——— marine, between New Mine and Pennystone ironstones58
* ——— of Coal-measures, note on, by J. W. Salter27
* ——— of Upper Silurian rocks, note on, by J. W. Salter112
* Foster, Messrs., pits at Shut End82
* ——— —— mode of working Thick coal221
* Four-foot coal of Essington89, 96
* Foxyards, near Dudley, Bottom coal at83
* ——— —— Fire-clay coal at66
* ——— —— New Mine stone at56
* ——— —— —— coal62
* ——— —— Poor Robin and Rough Hills, white ironstones at69
* ——— —— thick coal at35
* Fractured beds gape and include wedges of rock197
* Frankley Beeches, Permian rocks at9, 186
* Friezeland colliery, Fire-clay coal at65
* G.
* "Gainies" top of a coal, that which is first gained in sinking69
* Gap in Thick coal194
* Gas escaping from ground near Wigmore station, east of West bromwich178
* General description of Coal-measures of position and lie of rocks140
* General effect of the Brockmoor, Corbyn's Hall, and Shut End faults159
* ——— form of Palæozoic district140
* ——— section of southern part of coal-field20
* ——— —— of northern part of coal-field23
* Geological knowledge, practical value of192
* George, Mr. James, of Bentley,53, 88, 165, 167
* Getting rock ironstone22, 67
* Gibbons, Mr. B.,42, 63, 81, 158, 221
* Giles, Mr., limestone pit of107
* Gilpin, Mr., the late89
* ——— Mr. Bernard,90, 91, 97, 101, 169, 171
* Gob, meaning of75
* ——— of Thick coal, spontaneous combustion of151
* ——— or waste221
* Goldthorn Hill, shaft for waterworks at184
* Gornal clay works53, 57, 71
* Gornal Wood, faults near159
* ——— green rock supposed to go up into faults at132
* Goscott, Bottom coal at72
* ——— Green rock at130
* Gough's Arms, Great Barr, Permian conglomerate near13
* Gower pits, rock fault in45
* Grace Mary colliery43, 121
* Grains ironstone21
* Granite boulders over coal-field207
* Gravel drift at Smethwick208
* Graveyard trial pits62, 66, 68
* Gray, Mr. J., of Dudley, cabinet of113
* Great Bentley fault143
* Great Bridge colliery30, 34
* Great Gubbin22
* Green, Mr., of Causeway Green colliery44, 50
* Green rock at Stow Heath and Portobello103
* ——— same as Greenstone117
* ——— sheets of in lower Coal-measures between Rowley Hills and Wednesfield127
* Greenstone3, 117
* ——— consolidated below surface130
* ——— intrusive131
* ——— supposed to obliterate measures128
* ——— sheets and bosses on the west and south-west of Dudley126
* Page
* Greenstone veins and dykes of126
* Griffith, Mr.68, 78
* Grogart, Mr.69
* Growcott, Mr.39
* Grouping of measures17
* Grub ironstone at Hednesford103
* Gubbin and Balls ironstone22, 75
* Gubbin coal at Bentley54
* Gubbin or Little Gubbin ironstone,21, 53
* Gypsum in red marls4
* H.
* Haddock's Moor, Pelsall76
* Hade of boundary fault, near Sedgley182
* Hagley Park and Bromsgrove Lickey, lie of Permian rocks near186
* Halesowen sandstones20, 28
* Hammerwich colliery, Brown Hills74
* Harborne, Coal-measures at Stone House, near106
* Harper and Moore, Messrs., Causeway Green colliery44, 50
* Harrison, Mr. T. King, of Stourbridge40, 154
* ——— Mr., of Brown Hills170
* Hatton, Mr. John154
* Hawn colliery28, 41
* Haycock, W., of Brereton103
* Hayes, near Lye Waste, colliery of40
* ——— limestone at107
* ——— fault near
* Hay Green and Tintam Abbey, basin of156
* Hayley Green, near Halesowen, outlier of Permian at155
* Hay Head, near Great Barr, coal near110
* ——— limestone108
* Heath pits, details of explorations at137
* Heath coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Heathen coal20, 21, 24, 55
* ——— and Sulphur coal traced to Brown Hills87
* ——— common to northern and southern part of coal-field25
* ——— at Wyrley?93
* Heathy Hayes, Cannock Chase, out-crop of coal near102
* Hednesford colliery103
* ——— lie of beds near174
* Height of hills1
* Henry, Mr., of London, analyses of trap rocks117, 118
* Herring coal20, 32
* High Bridge, Felsall73, 170
* Highfields, near Bilston36, 56, 62
* ——— near Halesowen, height of29
* ——— near Wyrley, deep sinking at90, 92
* Himley colliery, Flying reed at39
* Hob and Jack19, 37, 87
* Hobb's Hole, near Darlaston, limestone at182
* Holbeche Mill, borings at32
* Holer's coal (part of Thick coal)21
* ——— (part of Bottom coal)69, 70, 12
* Holing, cutting under a coal65, 220
* Hollow, superficial, in Coal-meameasures filled by red drift sand to a depth of 30 feet202
* Hooker, Dr. J., on fossil plants212
* Hopkins, Mr. W., papers by, referred to123
* Horses' backs, rise of floor into coal45
* Hot springs, former existence of at Lickey Hill suggested111
* Howell, Mr. H. H.3, 188
* Hull, Mr. E.3, 7, 30, 185
* Humphreys coal (part of Thick coal),21, 35
* Hunnington, calcareous beds near11
* Hunt, Mr. R., on coal raised and iron made in South Staffordshire228
* Hurst Hill, fault near107
* ——— detailed description of148
* I.
* Ibbetson, Captain, height of High-fields, near Halesowen, determined by29
* Idea of colliers, that both coal and faults grow in the ground150
* Igneous rocks3, 117
* Ignorance of nature of dislocations149
* "Intrusive" igneous rock not necessarily "eruptive"120
* Inversion of Blue flats at Parkfields150
* ——— of Thick coal at the Hayes154
* Iron furnaces, number in blast in 1858224
* ——— made in South Staffordshire in 1858223
* Ironstones, general description of17
* ——— Back stone21, 34
* ——— Blue flats22, 77, 85
* ——— Blue stone21, 57
* ——— Bottom of Wyrley91, 92
* ——— Brooch binds20, 32, 46
* ——— Brownstone22, 55, 66
* ——— Cakes22, 57
* ——— Diamonds28, 79
* ——— Fire-clay Balls22, 63
* ——— Getting rock22, 67
* ——— Grains21, 53
* ——— Great Gubbin22, 75
* ——— Grub of Wyrley103
* ——— Gubbin21, 46, 53, 88
* ——— Gubbin and Balls22, 75
* ——— Lambstone22, 55, 56, 88
* ——— Little Gubbin21, 53
* ——— New Mine22, 56, 93
* ——— Pennystone22, 57, 93
* ——— Pins and Pennyearth20, 32, 46
* ——— Poor Robin22, 67
* ——— Rough Hills, white22, 67
* ——— Silver threads22,79
* ——— Ten-foot21, 34
* ——— White22, 47, 56
* Page
* Ironstones, Whitery21, 53
* ——— Yard coal ironstone of Wyrley91, 95
* ——— fossils of, note on, by J. W. Salter27
* Island, the, near Bentley25
* J.
* Jasper, riband, formed by burning of clay over Thick coal gob151
* Jays coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* John coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Johnson, Mr. H., on Lord Dartmouth's Heath pits136
* ——— on Trough fault at gap in Thick coal in the Victoria colliery194
* Junction of Cradley and Peusnett basins152
* K.
* Keir, Mr., on Thick coal35
* ——— on meaning of "fault"190
* Keuper, upper part of New Red sandstone3, 4
* Kid (Kick ?) (part coal of Thick coal)21
* King's Hill fault165
* Kings winford, boundary fault near181
* ——— flying reed coal near37
* Kitwell, Permian beds near186
* L.
* Labyrinthodont remains in New Bed sandstone5
* Lambs coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Lambstone ironstone22, 55
* Lamination, oblique, remarkable example of61
* Lane's Field fault165
* Langley Mill, Silurian in old pit near177
* Lappal tunnel167
* Lateral pressure, production of, by subsidence of arched beds197
* Level colliery, the63, 67, 71, 81
* Lewisham pits12
* Leys ironworks, deep sinking at,63, 67, 82
* Lias, all sinking for coal through, in central England abound200
* ——— description of, at Needwood forest3
* ———formerly spread all over centre of England199
* ——— fossils in Drift clay near Wolverhampton6, 207
* ——— of Needwood and Hanbury precisely similar187
* ——— —— position and lie of187, 188
* Lickey Hill, anticlinal152
* ——— Coal-measures of106
* ——— lie of Permian rocks near186
* ——— Llandovery sandstone of110
* ——— Permian rocks near9
* ——— section across153
* Lie of beds about Parkfield and Ettingshall Lane150
* ——— North of Watling Street171
* ——— in central pan of coal-field162
* ——— at Brereton173
* ——— between Oldbury and Causeway Green166
* ——— across Cannock Chase173
* ——— of the Halesowen sandstones142
* ——— of the Permian rocks round south end of the coal-field141
* Little Gubbin ironstone21
* Little or Two-foot coal20, 31
* Litileworth, near Hednesford, Red Coal-measure clays at102
* Llandovery sandstone, slabs of, in Permian breccia9
* ——— near Barr109
* ——— at the Lickey Hill110
* Lloyd, Evan, on "Green rock" at Chillington colliery128
* Logan, Sir W., on Stigmaria in under clays217
* Long coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Longhouse, near Wyrley, section at96, 98
* Longmynd, supposed source of fragments in Permian breccia14
* Loss in getting Thick coal221
* Lower Bradley62, 64
* Lower Heathen coal21, 55
* Lower Red sandstone or Permian3
* Lower Red and Mottled sandstones, basal part of New Red sandstone3, 7
* Ludlow rocks106, 133, 154
* ——— fossils of116
* Lye Waste, change in Thick coal near40
* Lyng colliery, Permian rocks at12
* M.
* Main lines of bearing to be noticed in the coal-field140.
* ——— of division, separating the coal-field into two parts142, 145
* Marine fossils in ironstone55
* Mathews, Mr. W., of the Leasowes,28, 34, 42, 151, 152
* May Hill or Llandovery rocks112
* Mealy Greys or Singing coal22, 76
* Mesozoic or secondary formations2
* Measures, grouping of17
* "Men of war," pillars for supporting coal220
* Mills, Mr. R, Essington colliery89, 94
* Mr., colliery, near Sleek Hillock28, 41
* Mills and forges in South Staffordshire district225
* Moat fault165
* Monmore colliery60, 72
* Moxley sand holes208
* Murchison, Sir R. L.,31, 81, 106, 111 157
* Page
* N.
* Needwood Forest, lias of3, 187
* New Invention, fault near168
* ——— green rock near123
* ——— Heathen coal gotten at88
* New Mine coal20, 22, 26, 60
* ——— coal rock59
* ——— ironstone or White ironstone,22, 56, 93
* New Red sandstone, description of3
* ——— position and lie of111
* ——— east of Westbromwich179
* ——— pierced at Longhouse98
* ——— search for coal beneath200
* ——— unconformable to Permian130
* Newtown, calcareous sandstone near,11, 186
* Netherton anticlinal113, 154
* ——— basalt near125
* ——— tunnel, no basalt in shafts of120
* No trap rock in district except in the Coal-measures131
* Noddyfield, Cannock Chase, section at104
* Norton, outcrop of coal (? Bentley Hay or Wyrley Bottom coal) near102
* Manor, Commissioners for dividing mines of102
* Northern part of coal-field144, 167
* Northfield, Bell Inn, Permians in lane near2
* O.
* Oak farm colliery32, 37, 38
* Oblique lamination, remarkable example of61
* ——— section table214
* Old Buffery Trough143
* ——— Line colliery30
* ——— Man's coal, Bentley24, 89, 168
* ——— Mitre fault83, 172
* ——— Robins coal, Wyrley and Essington23, 26, 91, 95
* Oldbury, Boundary fault near178
* ——— Permian rocks near186
* Omfray coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Oolitic or Liassic fossils in drift207
* Open work in Thick coal at Fox-yards35
* ——— —— in Bottom coal near Goscott72
* Origin of coal201
* Outcrop of coal at Castle Hill, Beau-desert173
* ——— —— on Cannock Chase102
* ——— —— Bentley Hay and Heathen, north of Bentley168
* ——— —— Wyrley Bottom coal171
* ——— —— Wyrley Cannel coal172
* ——— —— of Thick coal between Bloxwich and Norton impossible90
* ——— —— round Dudley and Sedgley anticlinal149
* Outcrop of Thick coal near Stourbridge156
* ——— —— round Netherton anticlinal154
* ——— —— from Ettingshall Lane by Bilston, Darlaston, and Wednesbury166
* Outlier of coal on Walsall Silurian ground161
* ——— —— on Sedgley Silurian ground148
* Outliers of Permian rocks near Halesowen155
* Outline of framework of district141
* Overlap of New Red sandstone across northern end of coal-field142
* P.
* Parkfield, Bottom coal at70
* ——— Silurian at84
* Park Hall, Blue flats at78
* ——— House colliery42
* Patchells coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Peacock, Mr. Aaron45
* Pearson, Mr., of Brierley Hill157
* Pebbles of trap in Coal-measures like those in Permian breccia29
* ——— of coal in Permian rocks136
* Pebbley rock, description of16
* Peldon, description of16
* Pelsall Heath, Bottom coal at72
* ——— fault near
* Pelsall and Brown Hills, section of23
* Pennystone ironstone22, 57, 93
* Pensnett basin143, 155
* Pentamerus Knightii106
* Percy, Dr. John, the Grace Mary colliery of43, 121
* Physical geography of district1
* Pickering, Mr. E.3
* Piggott, Mr., sinking at Hednesford102
* Pike or Pick, colliers220
* Pins and pennyearth ironstone20, 32
* Plants forming coal, nature of201
* ——— fossil in New Red sandstone188
* Plot's Natural History of Staffordshire32
* Poole, Mr. Vernon, of Brereton105
* Poor Robin ironstone22, 67
* Permian breccia9, 13
* ——— of Brand Hall approaching Boundary fault177
* ——— coal12
* ——— or Lower Red sandstone8
* ——— rocks, absence of along northern part of eastern boundary fault180
* ——— —— around south end of coal-field184
* ——— —— —— Clent Hills and Lickey9
* ——— —— —— Westbromwich12
* ——— —— —— coal-field183
* ——— —— —— south-east corner of coal-field186
* Page
* Permian rocks on west side of coal-field183
* —— ——— thickness of200
* —— ——— unconformable to Coal-measures135
* —— ——— outliers of, near Halesowen155
* Position and lie of the rocks in the coal-field140, 145
* —— ——— of the Permians round the coal-field183
* —— of the New Bed sandstone round the coal-field187
* Potts, Jesse, of Wyrley97
* Pouk Hill near Walsall, basalt at,117, 125
* Pouncill batt21, 45, 53
* Practical importance of boundary fault of coal-field176
* ——— —— of understanding unconformability135
* ——— knowledge of value to geologist192, 198
* ——— value of proper definition of fault190
* ——— —— of geological knowledge illustrated135, 149, 192, 193
* ——— —— of theoretical reasoning on facts connected with date of faults and denudation of Lias and Red Marl199
* Priestfield colliery59, 63, 68
* Primary or Palæozoic formations3
* Principal line of division of coal-field142
* Products in New Mine or White ironstone near High Haden58
* Q.
* Quarry Hill, near Halesowen136
* ——— outlier of Permian rock on135
* Quartz rock of the Lickey Hill111
* R.
* Ramsay, Professor, A. C,3, 8, 13, 15, 30, 153, 183, 185
* Ramrod Hall colliery13
* Rea river, source of2
* Red Coal-measure clays,20, 30, 31, 98, 102, 180
* Red coal (part of Thick coal)21
* Red marls3, 187
* ——— of the Staffordshire district, all sinkings for coal in, absurd200
* Red rocks surrounding coal-field183
* Red sand, valley or hollow in Coal-measures filled by207
* Ribs or walls of coal left in mining220
* Richards, Mr., of Wassel Grove28
* "Rings" for keeping coal on "skips"220
* Ripple or current mark on sandstone5
* Rising Sun Trough170
* Roberts, Mr., of Walsall99
* Robins or Old Robins coal of Wyrley23, 91
* Rock and rig50, 121, 124
* ——— binds, description of17
* ——— description of16
* ——— faults, description of45, 46
* ——— supposed at Heath pits138
* ——— bearing of, on question of formation of coal201
* Rocks, description of2
* Rock salt4
* Rolls, swells, or horses' backs, rise of floor into coal45, 51, 191
* ——— bearing of, on question of formation of coal201
* Romsley Hill, Permian rocks of,9, 11, 13
* Roofs coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* ——— (part of Bottom coal)73
* Rotch or Roach, description of73
* Rough Hills White ironstone22, 67
* Round Hill pits, flying reed at39
* Rowley Hills, height of2
* ——— basalt of117, 151
* ——— rag117
* Rubble coal21, 55
* Ruck of Stones, deep boring at11
* Runcorn Hill, near Cannock, red clays at102
* Rushall, limestone at160
* Russell's Hall fault151
* Russell, ground bailiff, Pelsall Heath169
* Rye Croft, Blue flats at79
* ——— Silurian at84
* S.
* Saint Kenelm's Chapel, Permian rocks near11, 186
* Salt, rock4
* Salter, Mr. J. W., on fossils,14, 27, 110, 112
* Sand beds, the, colliery at65
* Sandstone altered into quartz rock at Lickey Hill111
* ——— in Thick coal at Baremoor44
* ——— —— at Causeway Green51
* ——— singular relation of to Flying reed40
* Sandwell Park, cuttings near11
* Sawyer coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Secondary or Mesozoic rocks2
* Section, general20
* ——— of northern district23
* ——— of Thick coal35, 37, 40, 41, 44, 47
* ——— of Gubbin measures53
* ——— of New Mine ironstone56
* ——— of beds at Cathedral pits58
* ——— of New Mine coal60
* ——— of Fire-clay coal65
* ——— of measures between Fire-clay and Bottom coals68
* ——— of Bottom coal68 to 74
* ——— of Gubbin and Balls75
* ——— of Blue flats, Silver threads and Diamonds79
* ——— of base of Coal-measures83
* ——— of measures at Bentley88
* ——— of Wyrley91
* ——— of Essington94
* Page
* Section of Coppy Hall99
* ——— of Aldridge99
* ——— of Cannock Chase103
* ——— of Brereton105
* ——— of Silurian limestone107
* ——— of Silurian limestone at Walsall108
* ——— of Heath pits137
* Sedgley and Dudley rocks, described106
* Beacon, height of2
* ——— —— described148
* ——— district described148
* ——— Hall farm, trial pit at149, 182
* ——— limestone, fossils of116
* Sedgwick, Rev. Professor, plants got by, in Durham, like those in Permian rocks of Westbromwich12
* Segban, Permians near9
* Shafts, width of219
* Shallow coal, upper part of Bottom coal24, 26, 72
* ——— said to thin towards Fishley171
* Sharpe, the late Mr. Daniel102
* Shattery, clay baked by combustion of Thick coal "gob," note151
* Shaver's End, section at70, 83
* Shaw's History of Staffordshire35
* Shirley Wych, salt at4
* Shorter's Greys or Four-measures33
* Shustoke Lodge, Llandovery sandstone near109
* Shut End colliery, lower measures at,63, 67
* ——— Flying reed at27, 38
* ——— fault158
* Sides of work in mining Thick coal220
* Sigillaria, roots of, below coal201
* Silkmoor, brine spring at4
* Silurian and Coal -measure shale, slight difference between83
* Silurian bank, supposed to run under Permian rocks, near Westbromwich183
* ——— floor to coal-field162
* ——— fossils not known by ground bailiff to be evidence against existence of coal below177
* ——— limestone at Sedgley106, 148
* ——— —— at Dudley107, 145
* ——— —— at Walsall108, 159
* ——— —— at Hobbs Hole108, 161
* ——— —— at Hay head, near Barr,109
* ——— —— at Lickey111
* ——— —— at Bentley162
* ——— —— at Chillington colliery162
* ——— —— at Deepfields108, 162
* ——— —— at Turner's Hill108, 162
* ——— —— at the Hayes154
* Silurian rocks3, 106
* ——— —— elevated and denuded before deposition of Coal-measures133
* Silver threads ironstone22, 77
* Singing or Mealy Grey coal22, 26
* Six inch maps, necessity of, for good practical geological surveys209
* Skidmore, Mr., of Amblecote40
* "Skip," for carrying and winding coal220
* Slack or Sleek coal dust220
* Slipper coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Slips coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Small, Charles, section supplied by46
* Smallman, Mr., of King's Hill108, 172
* Smethwick, Permians near186
* Smith, Mr. R., of the Priory35, 150
* ——— Mr. R. B., of Walsall108
* Smith's Miners' Guide68, 69, 102
* Smyth, Mr. Warington W. on mode of working coal and ironstone219
* Sneyd Pool, coal crop near83
* Southern boundary of coal-field, one of denudation155
* South-eastern part of coal-field described166
* ——— —— value of45
* South-west division of coal-field143, 154
* Sparrow, Mr. Arthur68, 79
* ——— Messrs.129
* ——— Mr. W., faults laid down by210
* Spence, Mr.43
* Spin coal (part of Thick coal)21
* Spires coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Spon Lane, pits near12
* Springs coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Square coppice, Permian near9
* Stags' antlers, in red sand208
* Stalls, for working coal220
* Stigmaria beds, note on by Sir H. T. DelaBeche216
* Stone coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Stone House, Coal-measures near106, 167
* Stour river, source of2
* Stourbridge fire-clay156
* ——— position and lie of New Red sandstone near187
* Stow Heath colliery37, 63, 65, 68, 69
* Sugar's Lodge, Cannock Chase, section near104
* Sulphur coal22, 24, 58, 90, 94
* Survey of South Staffordshire imperfect for want of larger maps202
* Swells, rolls, or horses' backs45, 52, 121
* T.
* Table batt21, 54
* Tables useful in geological surveys211
* Tame river, source of2
* Tansey Green Trough faults158
* Taylor, Mr. Job157
* Ten-foot ironstone21, 34
* Tendency in beds of coal to separate towards the north23
* Ten-yard coal19
* Terrace pits, Westbromwich12
* Thick coal, description of18, 19, 21, 25, 34 to 44
* ——— can its beds be identified by lithological character with any of those of Wyrley?34
* Page
* Thick coal, rock faults or sandstones interstratified with44 to 51
* ——— rolls, swells, or hones' hacks in52
* ——— shown to expand into the Wyrley coals and Coal-measures,25, 87, 90
* ——— expansion, hearing of on question of origin of coal204
* ——— intruded into by trap rock121
* ——— gap and trough in194
* ——— outcrop of round Dudley and Sedgley anticlinal149
* ——— outcrop of round Netherton anticlinal154
* ——— outcrop of near Stourbridge156
* ——— outcrop of round Bilston, Darlaston, and Wednesbury166
* ——— outcrop of near Cotwall End149
* ——— rock and rig in124
* ——— nearly vertical, near Wren's Nest149
* ——— loss in getting221
* ——— Bottom coal so called, near Goscott72
* ——— —— or Little Gobbin21
* ——— rock20, 33
* Thickening of Coal-measures towards the north85
* Thickness of beds between Thick coal and Bottom coal86
* ——— between Thick coal and Blue flats85
* ——— below Thick coal85
* ——— of Drift near Stone Cross, north-east of Westbromwich165
* ——— of Permian rocks12, 200
* ——— of New Red sandstone3, 200
* ——— of Coal-measures20, 24
* Thompson, Mr. George29, 46
* Three-foot coal of Bentley26
* Tintam Abbey, Thick coal at40
* ——— and Hay Green basin156
* Tipton and Hilltop fault165
* ——— Green colliery58, 62, 66, 69, 83
* ——— Moat colliery62, 66, 84
* Tividale, Thick coal at35
* Top slipper coal (part of thick coal)21, 35
* ——— floor coal (part of thick coal)21, 35
* ——— Gubbin ironstone21
* Tow coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Trap, analysis of11, 118
* ——— of Barrow Hill124
* ——— of Bentley127
* ——— of Broadwaters127
* ——— of Cooper's Bank126
* ——— of Dudley126
* ——— of Essington Wood129
* ——— of Fiery Holes126
* ——— of Landy Wood, in railway near172
* ——— of Netherton ( Tew Tree Hill)126
* ——— of New Invention129, 172
* ——— of Pool Hayes129
* ——— of Pouk Hill125
* ——— of Rowley Hills119
* Trap of Wednesfield127
* ——— of Wednesfield Heath127, 129
* ——— of Yew Tree Hill, Netherton126
* ——— in lower Coal-measures of central district127
* ——— time and mode of formation of130
* ——— confined to Coal-measures131
* ——— cut through hy all faults.132
* Trappean ash associated with trap,125, 130
* ——— breccia in Permian rocks9, 184
* Trent Valley, near Rngeley, height of2
* Trentham colliery65, 71
* Trough faults144
* ——— Brierley Hill144, 155
* ——— Dudley Port144, 163
* ——— Great Bentley144, 167
* ——— Highbridge145, 170
* ——— Rising Sun145, 170
* ——— Tansey Green114, 158
* ——— Victoria colliery194
* ——— explanation of196
* ——— Pits, at Burnt Tree30
* Trundle Gate, railway cutting near, showing Silurian cliff with Coal measures abutting against it80
* Turner's Hill, Silurian limestone at107
* ——— detailed description of148
* Turner, Mr. T., of Abbott's Bromley3
* Twamley, Mr. C-, faults laid down by210
* Twenty-yard rock53
* Two-foot coal20, 31
* Twylauds, section near11
* U.
* Unett, Mr. J. W., boring made by11
* Upper Gonial clay works62
* Upper Red and Mottled sandstone, part of New Red sandstone3, 5
* Upper Sulphur coal20, 28, 31
* V.
* Vegetable origin of coal201
* Veins coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* Veins of "White rock" trap123
* Ventilation of mines221
* W.
* Walling pits37
* Walsall Silurian district107, 159
* ——— Wood, red clays of98
* Ward, Abraham, of Cannock103
* ——— Mr., of Wolverhampton69, 129
* Wassel Grove, section at29
* Watling Street, Cannock Chase, outcrop of coals along102
* Waterfield, Mr.151
* Water shed of district2
* Page
* Water stones, part of New Red sandstones3, 4
* Wednesfield Heath, boundary fault at122
* Green, rock at127, 129
* Wenlock and Dudley rocks106, 113
* Westbromwich, Permian rocks of11, 136, 177, 186
* Western boundary fault181
* White and brown sandstones3
* ——— coal (part of Thick coal)21, 35
* ——— ironstone, or New Mine22, 56
* ——— lime, of Dudley121
* ——— rock trap118, 122, 120
* ——— sandstone, with plants, in New Rod sandstone188
* Whiting21
* ——— ironstone21, 53
* Width of fault, meaning of157
* Williams, Rev. Baily, sinking at Coppy Hall colliery22
* Wimblebury, on Cannock Chase, section at104
* Wolverhampton, boundary fault near122
* ——— Permian rocks near122
* Woolhope, limestone same as that at Barr109
* Worcestershire, red marls in188
* Wordesley Bank colliery30, 32
* ——— boundary fault near181
* ——— New Red sandstone at7
* Wren's Nest Hill, height of2
* Wren's Nest Hill, description of107, 146
* Wrottesley Park, red marls at187
* Wychbury Hill, Permian breccia at fault near186
* ——— Western boundary fault at97
* Wyrley Bank, section at97
* Wyrley and Essington coals, general section23, 21
* ——— —— detailed section91
* ——— —— shown to lie above Bentley Hay coal89
* ——— —— shown to occupy the position of the Thick coal90
* ——— —— impossible they can be below the Thick coal91
* ——— —— relation of, to Red Coal-measure clays98
* ——— —— connection of, with rest of coal-field87
* ——— —— faults171
* Y.
* Yard coal of Essington85
* ——— of Pelsall24
* ——— of Wyrley91
* Yardley, Mr. John165
* Yates, Mr., colliery at Wyrley98
* Yew Tree Hill, Netherton, trap near154
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