OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English for Teachers/Description

​DESCRIPTION OF THE FORMAT
Most of the grammar points in English can be found in the forty Chapters that follow. These points have been grouped into eight units in terms of structural and/or semantic similarity. Each of the first seven Units contains:
* a Comprehensive Reading that encompasses all of the grammar points included in that Unit. It may be seen as a PREVIEW of the Unit.
* five Chapters, each of which was written to include a limited number of the grammar points of that Unit. Together they may be seen as an IN DEPTH VIEW of the Unit.
* A Review Reading in Chapter 5 that encompasses all of the grammar points included in that Unit. It may be seen as a REVIEW of the Unit.
In any one of the forty Chapters, the grammar point(s) around which that Chapter was developed can be found in at least four or more of the following:
* Exchanges
* Dialogues
* Readings
* Writing Exercises
* Quotations
* Proverbs
* Songs
* Riddles
* Activities
* Poems
# English for Teachers/Unit 1

​Unit 1
ENVIRONMENT
Comprehensive Reading
The People Crisis
Contrary to popular opinion, there is no "energy crisis." The earth's resources are abundant. There is a problem only when man's demands exceed nature's limits. When the birth rate exceeds the mortality rate, scarcity of resources inevitably results. Man now faces a "people crisis."
Korea is already overcrowded. There are presently more than 300 people for every square kilometer of land in Korea. Take a look around you. Buses are packed and the streets are crowded. However, population growth continues rapidly. One Korean baby is born every 41 seconds, while there is only one death every four minutes. In one hour, 90 Koreans are born.
Usually war, famine, and disease limit the growth rate. The achievements of modern medicine, however, upset this balance of nature. According to one scientist, "The future is in our hands. Plan for it!" Fortunately there is a solution to the problems of overpopulation. As the Korean New Community Movement says, "Don't have a baby this year."
# Executive Order 1329

more info.
Also see Executive Order 917, July 18, 1908.
Signed by President William H. Taft Tuesday, April 4, 1911
1911 CSR 110
Mr. W. E. Shields may be reinstated to a classified position in the Government Printing Office. The Public Printer stated that Mr. Shields was separated from the service by reason of misconduct; that he has been sufficiently punished. His reinstatement is requested and recommended by the Joint Committee on Printing Investigation of Congress as in the public interest. The Civil Service Commission does not recommend the reinstatement. After full consideration it is ordered that the civil-service rules be suspended and that Mr. Shields be reinstated to the classified position in the Government Printing Office from which he was separated.
The White House,
    April 4, 1911.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12405

more info.
Revoked by: Executive Order 12553, February 25, 1986
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Monday, February 14, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 6889, Wednesday, February 16, 1983
A dispute exists between the Consolidated Rail Corporation and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers.
The dispute has not heretofore been adjusted under the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, as amended ("the Act").
This dispute, in the judgment of the National Mediation Board, threatens substantially to interrupt interstate commerce to a degree such as to deprive a section of the country of essential transportation service:
Now, Therefore, by the authority vested in me by Section 10 of the Act, as amended (45 U.S.C. 160), it is hereby ordered as follows:
1-101. Establishment of Board. There is established, effective immediately, a board of three members to be appointed by the President to investigate this dispute. No member shall be pecuniarily or otherwise interested in any organization of railroad employees or any carrier.
1-102. Report. The board shall report its findings to the President with respect to the dispute within 30 days of its creation.
1-103. Maintaining Conditions. As provided by Section 10 of the Act, as amended, from the date of the creation of the Emergency Board, and for 30 days after the board has made its report to the President, no change, except by agreement of the parties, shall be made by the carrier or by the employees, in the conditions out of which the dispute arose.
1-104. Expiration. The Emergency Board shall terminate upon submission of the report provided for in paragraph 1-102 of this Order.
RONALD REAGAN The White House, February 14, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Regis ter, 10:47 a. m., February 15, 1983]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12409

more info.
See the Notes section for a list of Executive Orders affected by or related to the issuance of this Executive Order.
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Monday, March 7, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 9829, Wednesday, March 9, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, including Section 126a(2) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 U.S.C. 2155(a)(2)), and having determined that, upon the expiration of the period specified in the first proviso to Section 126a(2) of such Act and extended by Executive Orders No. 12193, 12295, and 12351, failure to continue peaceful nuclear cooperation with the European Atomic Energy Community would be seriously prejudicial to the achievement of the United States non-proliferation objectives and would otherwise jeopardize the common defense and security of the United States, and having notified the Congress of this determination, I hereby extend the duration of that period to March 10, 1984.

## Notes
### Revoked by

* Executive Order 12553, February 25, 1986

### Supersedes

* Executive Order 12351, March 9, 1982

### Superseded by

* Executive Order 12463, February 23, 1984

### See Related

* Executive Order 12193, February 12, 1980;
* Executive Order 12295, February 24, 1981;
* Executive Order 12351, March 9, 1982;
* Executive Order 12463, February 23, 1984;
* Executive Order 12506, March 4, 1985;
* Executive Order 12554, February 28, 1986;
* Executive Order 12587, March 9, 1987;
* Executive Order 12629, March 9, 1988;
* Executive Order 12670, March 9, 1989;
* Executive Order 12706, March 9, 1990;
* Executive Order 12753, March 8, 1991;
* Executive Order 12791, March 9, 1992;
* Executive Order 12840, March 9, 1993;
* Executive Order 12903, March 9, 1994;
* Executive Order 12955, March 9, 1995
* Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12407

more info.
Revokes: Executive Order 12314, July 22, 1981
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Tuesday, February 22, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 7717, Thursday, February 24, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, and in order to eliminate a mechanism for interagency and intergovernmental coordination which is no longer needed, it is hereby ordered that Executive Order No. 12314, establishing the Federal Regional Councils, is revoked.
RONALD REAGAN The White House, February 22, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 10:33 a.m., February 23, 1983]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12402

more info.
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Saturday, January 15, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 2311, Tuesday, January 18, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, and specifically the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. App. I), it is hereby ordered that Section 2(b) of Executive Order No. 12335, as amended, establishing the National Commission on Social Security Reform, is hereby further amended to provide as follows:
    "The Commission shall make its report to the President by January 20, 1983.".
RONALD REAGAN The White House, January 15, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11:42 a.m., January 17, 1983]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12406

more info.
Amends: Executive Order 12400, January 3, 1983
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Friday, February 18, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 7571, Wednesday, February 23, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, and specifically the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. App. I), it is hereby ordered that Executive Order No. 12400, establishing the President's Commission on Strategic Forces, is amended as follows:
Section 1. Section 2(b) of the Order is amended to provide as follows:
    "(b) The Commission shall report to the President no later than April 15, 1983.".
Sec. 2. Section 4(b) of the Order is amended to provide as follows:
    "(b) The Commission shall terminate 60 days after it has reported to the President, unless sooner extended.".
RONALD REAGAN The White House, February 18, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 10:12 a.m., February 22, 1983]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12403

more info.
Amends: Executive Order 11269, February 14, 1966
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Tuesday, February 8, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 6087, Thursday, February 10, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, including Section 1 of the International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288), Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1965, and the African Development Bank Act (22 U.S.C. 290i), and in order to facilitate United States participation in the African Development Bank, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. The African Development Bank, in which the United States participates pursuant to Sections 1332-1342 of Public Law 97-35 and the Agreement Establishing the African Development Bank, is hereby designated as a public international organization entitled to enjoy the privileges, exemptions, and immunities conferred by the International Organizations Immunities Act. This designation is not intended to abridge in any respect the privileges and immunities which such organization has acquired or may acquire by treaty or Congressional action. This designation shall not affect in any way the applicability of Section i of Article 52 of the Agreement, Article 57 of such Agreement or the Declaration made by the United States pursuant to Article 64 of the Agreement.
Sec. 2. Executive Order No. 11269, as amended, is further amended by deleting "and African Development Fund" and adding ", African Development Fund, and African Development Bank" in sections 2(c), 3(d), and 7, respectively.
Sec. 3. The functions vested in the President by Sections 1333(c), 1334, 1338(a), and 1341(b) of Public Law 97-35 (22 U.S.C. 290i-1(c), 290i-2, 290i-6(a), and 290i-9(b)) are delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury.
RONALD REAGAN The White House, February 8, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11 a.m., February 9, 1983]
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 12408

more info.
Signed by President Ronald Reagan Wednesday, February 23, 1983
Federal Register page & date: 48 FR 8035, Friday, February 25, 1983
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including specifically Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, it is hereby ordered as follows: Executive Order No. 12374 of July 28, 1982, is amended by adding the following new section:
    "Sec. 3. The functions vested in the President by Sections 104(c) and 108(d) of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1982 and 1983 (Public Law 97-241) are delegated to the Secretary of State.".
RONALD REAGAN The White House, February 23, 1983.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11:03 a.m., February 24, 1983] Note: The text of the Executive order was released by the Office of the Press Secretary on February 24.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2570

more info.
Revoked by Executive Order 3054, March 2, 1919.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Monday, April 2, 1917
In view of present emergency conditions and until further notice, the Civil Service Commission is directed to refuse examination to any person who is, or who has been within three months of the date of the examination, employed in the Government service, or to certify any such person who is on the eligible register of the commission, unless such person submits the written assent of the department or office in which he is or has been employed to his taking such examination or to his being so certified. Such assent shall be based solely upon the finding, after due consideration, by such department or office that the person can render better service for the Government in the place for which the examination is held.
This order is issued solely because of the present international situation and will be withdrawn when the emergency is past.
The White House,
    2 April, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 257

more info.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Friday, March 4, 1904
1904 CSR 89
Mr. Merrit O. Chance may be transferred from clerk to the Secretary of War to superintendent of post-office supplies in the Post-Office Department without taking a noncompetitive examination, in view of his having passed the examination for entrance to the classified service in the clerk grade, and because of his former service in the Post-Office Department and his general knowledge of postal affairs, which, it is believed, qualify him for the position of superintendent of post-office supplies.
White House,
       March 4, 1904.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2575

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Wednesday, April 4, 1917
It is hereby ordered that the following-described lands, viz, all of section 25, the east half of section 26, the southeast quarter of section 23, and the south half of section 24, township 28 south, range 9 west, New Mexico principal meridian, containing 1,440 acres, located in the State of New Mexico, be withdrawn from settlement, location, sale of entry, and set aside for military purposes for use as a target range by United States troops.
The White House,
    4 April, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 256

more info.
Signed by President Theodore Roosevelt Tuesday, March 1, 1904
1904 CSR 77
All positions in the civil service of the War Department in the Philippines, except those filled by persons employed merely as skilled or unskilled laborers, and by persons appointed by the President, will be treated as classified under the civil-service rules. The present occupants of these positions who have been specially commended for retention by their chiefs, with the approval of the Secretary of War, and whose names appear on the list furnished the United States Civil Service Commission, may be retained, and after three years' service in such positions shall be eligible for transfer to competitive positions in the United States, subject to the civil-service rules and regulations.
White House,
       March 1, 1904.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2571

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Tuesday, April 3, 1917
Under the authority of the Act of Congress, approved July 1, 1902, and subject to the limitations therein expressed, it is ordered that hereafter in times of threatened or actual war the Public Health Service shall constitute a part of the military forces of the United States, and in times of threatened or actual war, the Secretary of the Treasury may, upon request of the Secretary of War or the Secretary of the Navy, detail officers or employees of said Service for duty either with the Army or the Navy. All the stations of the Public Health Service are hereby made available for the reception of sick and wounded officers and men, or for such other purposes as shall promote the public interest in connection with military operations.
The White House,
    3 April, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2572

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Tuesday, April 3, 1917
In order to enable the Department of Agriculture to meet the requirements of law to secure the more expeditious distribution of valuable seeds authorized by law, and by virtue of the authority vested in me by the provisions of the Act of Congress approved March 4, 1917, entitled "An Act making appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eighteen, and for other purposes," whereby it is provided "That In case of national emergency the President is authorized to suspend provisions of law prohibiting more than eight hours labor in any one clay of persons engaged upon work covered by contract a with the United States: Provided further, That the wages of persons employed upon such contracts shall be computed on a basic day rate of eight hours work, with overtime rates to be paid for at not less than time and one-half for all hours worked in excess of eight hours," I do hereby authorize the suspension of the provisions of law prohibiting more than eight hours of labor in any one day of persons engaged in such work under contract with the Department of Agriculture for thirty days in order to meet present emergency conditions.
This order shall take effect from and after date.
The White House,
    3 April, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2561

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Monday, March 26, 1917
By virtue of the authority vested in the President by the Act approved August 29, 1916, entitled "An Act Making appropriations for the Naval Service for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and" seventeen, and for other purposes," it is hereby directed that the authorized enlisted strength of the Marine Corps be increased to seventeen thousand four hundred men.
The White House,
    March 26, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2554

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Thursday, March 22, 1917
General Order No. 279, Navy Dept., March 23, 1917
In order to enable the Navy Department to meet the requirements of law to secure the more expeditious construction of ships and procurement of munitions authorized, and by virtue of the authority vested in me by the provisions of the Act of Congress approved March 4, 1917, entitled "An Act making appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eighteen, and for other purposes," whereby it is provided "That in case of national emergency the President is authorized to suspend provisions of law prohibiting more than eight hours labor in any one day of persons engaged upon work covered by contracts with the United States: Provided further, That the wages of persons employed upon such contracts shall be computed on a basic day rate of eight hours work, with overtime rates to be paid for at not less than time and one-half for all hours worked in excess of eight hours," I do hereby authorize the suspension of the provisions of law prohibiting more than eight hours of labor in any one day of persons engaged in such work under contract with the Navy Department in all navy yards and private establishments where such suspension of the provisions of the law will result in hastening preparation to meet present emergency conditions.
This order shall take effect from and after this date.
The White House,
    22 March, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2559

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Saturday, March 24, 1917
By virtue of the authority vested in the President by the Act approved August 29, 1916, entitled "An Act Making appropriations for the Naval Service for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, and for other purposes," it is hereby directed that the authorized enlisted strength of the Navy be increased to 87000 men.
The White House,
    March 24, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Executive Order 2559-A

more info.
Signed by President Woodrow Wilson Saturday, March 24, 1917
Under authority contained in the Naval Appropriation Act approved March 4, 1917 (Public No. 391, 64th Congress), whereby it is provided—
    "That in case of National Emergency the President is authorized to suspend the provisions of law prohibiting more than eight hours labor in any one day of persons engaged upon work covered by contracts with the United States: Provided further, That the wages of persons employed upon such contracts shall be computed on a basic day rate of eight hours work with overtime rates to be paid for at not less than time and one-half for all hours worked in excess of eight hours."
It is hereby ordered that the provisions of the Act approved June 19, 1913, limiting the hours of dally service of mechanics and laborers on work under contracts to which the United States is a party are suspended with respect to all contracts for ordnance and ordnance stores and other military supplies and material, contracts for buildings under construction or to be constructed at the arsenals, and contracts for fortification work during the pending emergency and until further orders. This order shall take effect from and after this date.
The White House,
    24 March, 1917.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse