OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Gouldman, Francis

1904 Errata appended.
​GOULDMAN, FRANCIS (d. 1688?), lexicographer, was probably the son of George Gouldman, D.D. (d. 1633–4), archdeacon of Essex, and vicar of Stepney, Middlesex, by his wife Jane, though no children are mentioned in Dr. Gouldman's will, dated 4 July 1627 (P. C. C. 1, Seager). He matriculated as a pensioner of Christ's College, Cambridge, on 3 July 1623, and proceeded B.A. in 1626–7 and M.A. in 1630. On 26 March 1634 he succeeded George Gouldman in the rectory of South Ockendon, Essex (Newcourt, Repertorium, ii. 449), from which he was sequestered in 1644. The committee, however, allowed a fifth to Abigail, his wife, in support of her five children (Notes and Queries, 2nd ser. iii. 86). At the Restoration he regained possession of his living. He died and was buried in Lancashire (South Ockendon Register), presumably at the close of 1688, but no date is given. His successor in the rectory, Offspring Blackall [q. v.], was appointed on 24 Jan. 1688–9. His will (P. C. C. 70, Dyke) was proved on 12 May 1690 by his daughter Jane Frost, widow. With Anthony Scattergood, Gouldman assisted Bishop Pearson in editing ‘Critici Sacri,’ 9 vols. fol., London, 1660; and compiled, chiefly from the labours of Thomasius, Rider, Holland, and Holyoak, ‘A copious Dictionary in three parts: (I) The English before the Latin. … (II) The Latin before the English. … (III) The Proper Names of persons, places, &c. Together with Amendments and Enlargements,’ &c., 4to, London, 1664; 2nd edit., 4to, Cambridge, 1669; 3rd edit., ‘the … Hebrew Roots and Derivatives … inserted by W. Robertson,’ 4to, Cambridge, London, 1674–73; another edition, still further enlarged by Anthony Scattergood, 1678. Adam Littleton, while commending Gouldman's learning and worth, hints that his design was rather to make new editions than to correct the mistakes of former lexicographers, or to throw out the many barbarous Latin words in the old dictionaries (Latin Preface to Linguæ Latinæ Liber Dictionarius Quadripartitus, 1678; Nichols, Lit. Anecd. v. 208). Dr. John Worthington praises Gouldman for his pains in editing Prebendary John Bois's [q. v.] ‘Veteris interpretis cum Beza aliisque recentioribus collatio in quatuor Evangeliis et Apostolorum Actis,’ 8vo, London, 1655 (Worthington, Miscellanies, ed. 1704, p. 308; Diary, Chetham Soc., vol. ii. pt. i. pp. 96–7).
G. G.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.138 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 289 | ii | 13-14 | Gouldman, Francis: for Prebendary John Boys's read the work by Prebendary John Bois [q. v.] entitled |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Frost, John (1626?-1656)

​FROST, JOHN (1626?–1656), nonconformist divine, born at Langham, Suffolk, in or about 1626, was the eldest son of John Frost, rector of Fakenham in the same county. After attending schools at Thetford, Norfolk, and Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, he was admitted pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, 21 Feb. 1641–2, and fellow soon after taking his B.A. degree (Mayor, Admissions to St. John's Coll. Cambr. pt. i. p. 62). He bore an active part in the educational work of the college as lecturer on logic and philosophy. In 1654 he began to preach regularly at St. Benedict's, Cambridge, and elsewhere in the town and county. He proceeded B.D. in the summer of 1656. A few months later he was invited to become ‘pastor’ of St. Olave's, Hart Street, London, but was cut off by small-pox, 2 Nov. 1656 (Zachary Crofton, Funeral Sermon, 1657). To his ‘Select Sermons,’ fol., Cambridge, 1657 (with a new title-page, 1658), is prefixed his portrait at the age of thirty-one, by R. Vaughan.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Frowde, Philip

​FROWDE, PHILIP (d. 1738), poet, was the son of Philip Frowde, deputy postmaster-general from 1678 to 1688 (Haydn, Book of Dignities, p. 198). His grandfather, Colonel Philip Frowde, for his faithful adherence to Charles I and Charles II was knighted on 10 March 1664–5 (Le Neve, Knights, Harl. Soc., p. 190), and appointed governor of the post office (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1660–1667; London Daily Post, 28 Dec. 1738). From Eton, where young Philip was contemporary with Walpole (dedication to The Fall of Saguntum), Frowde passed to Magdalen College, Oxford, as a gentleman-commoner, and became one of Addison's pupils (A. B., The History of Saguntum, p. 51). He did not take a degree. To vol. ii. of ‘Musarum Anglicanarum Analecta,’ 8vo, Oxford, 1699, edited by Addison, Frowde contributed (pp. 145–7) ‘Cursus Glacialis, Anglicè, Scating.’ In May 1720 Curll published these justly admired verses as Addison's, together with an English version also supposed to be Addison's, and an impudent preface by one T. N., who states that although Addison was well known to be the author, he had always allowed Frowde to pass them as his own. An anonymous imitation in English appeared in 1774; there is also a translation in ‘Miscellanea,’ by J[ames] G[lassford], 4to, Edinburgh, 1818 (pp. 24–9). Frowde wrote likewise a frosty blank verse tragedy entitled ‘The Fall of Saguntum,’ 8vo, London, 1727, in which the influence of ‘Cato’ is clearly perceptible. It was acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields on 16 Jan. 1726–7 (Genest, Hist. of the Stage, iii. 191–192), Quin representing Eurydamas and delivering the prologue by Theobald. The tragedy obtained only about three representations, and is chiefly remarkable for an exquisitely absurd dedication to Sir Robert Walpole, who is described as ‘bringing the learning and arts of Greece and Rome into the cabinet; either that to instruct in the depths of reasoning; or these in the rules of governing.’ Previously to its performance an enthusiastic friend, A. B., possibly Frowde himself, undertook to explain for the benefit of ‘a lady of quality’ the numerous histori​cal and classical allusions in the play in ‘The History of Saguntum,’ 8vo, London, 1727, in which he is also at pains to prove the dramatist's superiority over Silius Italicus, from whose ‘Punica’ the plot is partly derived. Another lugubrious tragedy in blank verse, ‘Philotas,’ 8vo, London, 1731 (another edition, 12mo, London, 1735), brought out at Lincoln's Inn Fields on 3 Feb. 1730–1, with Quin again in the cast, met with an even colder reception, though it was suffered to run for six nights (ib. iii. 310–11). Fielding has introduced an ironical encomium on ‘Philotas’ in ‘Joseph Andrews.’ Frowde died unmarried at his lodgings in Cecil Street, Strand, in December 1738, and was buried in the cemetery in Lamb's Conduit Fields (London Daily Post, 22 and 28 Dec. 1738; Admon. Act Book, P. C. C. 1739). His portrait, by T. Murray, painted in 1732, was engraved by Faber in 1738 (Noble, Continuation of Granger, iii. 307–8).
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Frowyk, Thomas

​FROWYK, Sir THOMAS (d. 1506), judge, a member of an important family of citizens of London, among whom king's goldsmiths, aldermen, and mayors are to be found (see Price, Guildhall of the City of London, 1886), was second son of Sir Thomas Frowyk of Gunnersbury, by his wife Joan, daughter and heiress of Richard and Joan Sturgeon. Born at Gunnersbury at least as early as November 1464, when he is mentioned by name in the will of his grandmother, Isabella Frowyk, he received his education at Cambridge. As Fuller (Worthies, ed. 1662, p. 183) says that he died before he was forty years old, which is confirmed by a statement in Croke's ‘Keilwey's Reports’ (ed. 1688, p. 85) that he died ‘in florida juventute sua,’ he must have joined the bar at a very early age, as his name occurs in the year-books of 1489. He was a member of the Inner Temple, and became serjeant in Trinity term 1494, according to the year-book. Dugdale, however, makes this event two years later. In May 1501 he was appointed a judge of assize in the western counties. In 1502, along with Mr. Justice Fisher and Conyngsbye, king's serjeant, he acted as arbitrator between the university and town of Cambridge, and by his award, 11 July, defined their respective jurisdictions. On 30 Sept. 1502 he succeeded Sir Thomas Wood as chief justice of the common pleas, and was knighted at Richmond the Christmas following. On 17 Oct. 1506 he died, and was buried at Finchley. According to Fuller, who says that he was ‘one of the youngest men that ever enjoyed that office,’ he was ‘accounted the oracle of law in his age.’ By his first wife, Joan Bardville, he had one son, Thomas (d.s.p.); his second wife, Elizabeth, married after his death Thomas Jakys; Frideswide, Frowyk's daughter and heiress by her, married Sir Thomas Cheyney of Shirland.
J. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rylands, Peter

​RYLANDS, PETER (1820–1887), politician, born in Bewsey House, Warrington, on 18 Jan. 1820, was the youngest son of John Rylands, a manufacturer, by his wife, a daughter of the Rev. James Glazebrook, vicar of Belton, Leicestershire. He was educated at the Boteler grammar school in his native town. As a boy he had a passion for politics, and in 1835 presided at a whig banquet of two hundred sons of Warrington electors, who had taken part in a mock election. Up to the age of twenty-one his time was chiefly passed in studying and writing papers on natural history and phrenology. He then found, however, that his father's means had shrunk, owing to the diversion of the manufacture of sail-cloth from Warrington, and that the manufacture of steel and iron wire, another business conducted by his father, had ceased to pay. In concert with his brothers, Peter reconstituted the latter business, which in the course of a few years increased so largely as to contribute to the prosperity of Warrington.
Rylands interested himself in religious topics. Originally a nonconformist, he joined the church of England. In 1845 he published a little pamphlet on ‘The Mission of the Church.’ A larger work, on ‘The Pulpit and the People,’ appeared in 1847. He also took an active part in politics, and became a working member of the Anti-Cornlaw League. He was elected mayor of Warrington in 1852, and in 1859 he was invited to become a liberal candidate in opposition to Mr. Greenall; but he declined on the ground of business engagements. In concert with Mr. McMinnies and the Rev. R. A. Mould, he contributed a series of letters to the ‘Warrington Guardian,’ signed Oliver West. They attracted wide attention, and stirred to energy the liberal sentiment of the district. The authorship was not disclosed until after Rylands's death (Life, p. 26). Rylands entered parliament as member for Warrington in 1868. He was a candidate in 1874, first for Warrington, and next for south-east Lancashire, but failed in each case. In 1876 he returned to the House of Commons as member for Burnley, and represented it till his death.
In parliament, Rylands proved himself an earnest and hard-working, but independent radical. He frequently criticised the foreign policy of both parties, and in 1886 joined the party of liberal unionists which was formed when Mr. Gladstone adopted the policy of home rule for Ireland. He died on 8 Feb. 1887 at his house, Massey Hall, Thelwall, Cheshire. He married twice and left issue.
F. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ryley, Charles Reuben

Layout 2
​ RYLEY or RILEY, CHARLES REUBEN (1752?–1798), painter, son of a trooper in the horse-guards, was born in ​London about 1752. He was of weakly constitution and deformed in figure. He showed an early taste for art, and at first studied engraving, for which he received a premium in 1767 from the Society of Arts. Afterwards he took to painting and became a pupil of John Hamilton Mortimer, R.A. [q. v.] and a student of the Royal Academy, where he obtained a gold medal in 1778 for a painting of ‘Orestes on the point of being sacrificed by Iphigenia.’ This picture he exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1779, from which date he was a constant exhibitor of drawings and small pictures, mostly in the style of his master, Mortimer. Indifferent health prevented him from making much progress in his art, and he was compelled to fall back upon working for booksellers and teaching in schools. He was employed on decorative paintings by the Duke of Richmond at Goodwood, Mr. Willett at Merly, Mr. Conolly in Ireland, and elsewhere. After beginning life with strict methodist views, Ryley fell into irregular habits, which, acting on his enfeebled constitution, brought about his death on 13 Oct. 1798, at his house in what was then the New Road, Marylebone. Some of his works have been engraved.
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ryther, Augustine

​RYTHER, AUGUSTINE (fl. 1576–1590), engraver, one of the earliest English exponents of the art of engraving on copper, was a native of Leeds in Yorkshire, and a fellow-townsman of Christopher Saxton [q. v.] He was probably an offshoot of the old and knightly family of Ryther in Yorkshire. Ryther was associated with Saxton in engraving some of the famous maps of the counties of England published by Saxton in 1579. His name appears as the engraver of the maps of Durham and Westmoreland (1576), Gloucester and York (1577), and that of the whole of England, signed ‘Augustinus Ryther Anglus Sculpsit Ano Dñi 1579.’ His name appears in 1588 with those of Jodocus Hondius [q. v.], Theodore de Bry, and others, among the engravers of the charts to ‘The Mariner's Mirrour … first made and set fourth in divers exact sea charts by that famous nauigator Luke Wagenar of Enchuisen, and now fitted with necessarie additions for the use of Englishmen by Anthony Ashley.’ In 1590 Ryther published a translation of Petruccio Ubaldini's ‘Expeditionis Hispaniorum in Angliam vera Descriptio,’ under the title of ‘A discourse concerninge the Spanishe fleete inuadinge Englande in the yeare 1588, and overthrowne by her Maties Nauie under the conduction of the Right honorable the Lorde Charles Howarde, highe Admirall of Englande, written in Italian by Petruccio Ubaldino, citizen of Florence, and translated for A. Ryther: unto the wch discourse are annexed certaine tables expressinge the seuerall exploites and conflictes had with the said fleete. These bookes, with the tables belonginge to them, are to be solde at the shoppe of A. Ryther, beinge a little from Leadenhall, next to the signe of the Tower.’ The book was printed by A. Hatfield. This work is dedicated by Ryther to Lord Howard of Effingham, and in the dedication he alludes to the time spent by him in engraving the plates, and apologises for the two years' delay in its publication. In a letter to the reader, Ryther asks for indulgence ‘because I count my selfe as yet but a yoong beginner.’ The plates consist of a title and ten charts, showing the various stages of the progress and defeat of the Spanish Armada in the Channel, and tracing its further course round the British Isles. They were drawn out, as it appears, by Robert Adams (d. 1595) [q. v.], surveyor of the queen's buildings, and form the most ​important record of the Spanish Armada which exists. It is probable that Ryther's charts, or Adams's original drawings, were the basis for the tapestries of the Spanish Armada, executed by Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom in Holland, and formerly in the House of Lords. Reduced copies of Ryther's charts were published by John Pine [q. v.] in his work on the Armada tapestries. The ‘tables’ were published by Ryther separately from the book, and are very scarce.
[Ames's Typogr. Antiq. ed. Herbert; Thoresby's Vic. Leod. 1724, p. 90; Boyne's York. Libr. p. 266.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ryley, John

​RYLEY, JOHN (1747–1815), mathematician, was the eldest son of Samuel Ryley, a farmer and clothier, of Alcoates, near Pudsey, Yorkshire, where he was born on 30 Nov. 1747. He received a village education, and was then employed at home as husbandman and cloth manufacturer, devoting his leisure to mathematics with such success that in 1774 he was appointed mathematical master at Drighlington grammar school. Here he studied fluxions and the higher parts of algebra. In 1775 he opened a school of his own at Pudsey, where he married Miss Dawson of Topcliffe. In 1776 he became schoolmaster of Beeston, and soon began to contribute solutions of problems to the ‘Ladies' Diary,’ winning many prizes. In 1789 Ryley was made headmaster of the Bluecoat school in Leeds, retaining the post till death. He also taught (about 1800) in the grammar school, and took private pupils, several of whom distinguished themselves at Cambridge. Many eminent mathematicians visited him. He died of gout on 22 April 1815. He had three sons and four daughters.
Ryley was a self-made man, but, though his ‘countenance was repulsive, from his fixed habits of close thinking,’ he was of benevolent character. In his hasty and nervous manner of speech, as well as in his heavy build, he somewhat resembled Dr. Johnson. Besides being a very successful teacher of mathematics, he was the first editor of the ‘Leeds Correspondent,’ 1815, a literary, mathematical, and philosophical miscellany. He also contributed to many other mathematical periodicals for nearly half a century, and compiled ‘The Leeds Guide,’ containing a history of Leeds and adjacent villages, 1806 and 1808 (now very scarce).
W. F. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parry, John Humffreys (1786-1825)

​PARRY, JOHN HUMFFREYS (1786–1825), Welsh antiquary, son of the Rev. Edward Parry and Anne, his wife, was born 6 April 1786 (Mold Parish Register). His father was at the time rector of Llangar, but held this living with the curacy of Mold, where he resided and kept school; he did not remove from that town on becoming, in 1790 (Browne Willis, St. Asaph), rector of the neighbouring parish of Llanferres. Parry was educated at Ruthin grammar school, and then entered the office of his uncle, Mr. Wynne, a solicitor at Mold. Inheriting some property through the death of his father, he was in 1807 admitted into the Temple, and in 1811 called to the bar. ​He practised for a time in the Oxford circuit and the Chester great sessions, but appears to have neglected his profession, encumbered his property, and to have finally turned to literature for a livelihood. In September 1819 he started the ‘Cambro-Briton,’ a magazine for the discussion of topics connected with Welsh history and antiquities; of this three volumes in all appeared (London, 1820, 1821, 1822). He took an active part in the re-establishment of the Cymmrodorion Society in 1820, and edited the first volume of the society's transactions (London, 1822). When in 1823 steps were taken to carry out the decision of the government as to the publication at the national expense of an edition of the ancient historians, the Welsh part of the work was entrusted to Parry. In the same year he won prizes at the Carmarthen Eisteddfod for essays on ‘The Navigation of the Britons’ and ‘The Ancient Manners and Customs of the Britons’ (printed, with a third prize essay, at Carmarthen, 1825). In 1824 appeared ‘The Cambrian Plutarch’ (London: some copies have a different title-page, struck off in 1834), a collection of short biographies of Welsh worthies. On 12 Feb. 1825 he was attacked and killed in North Street, Pentonville, by a bricklayer named Bennett, with whom he had quarrelled in the Prince of Wales's tavern. He left a widow (daughter of John Thomas, solicitor, of Llanfyllin) and five children (the eldest afterwards well known as Serjeant Parry) [see Parry, John Humffreys, 1816–1880], for whom a fund of nearly 1,100l. was subscribed.
J. E. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parry, Love Parry Jones

1904 Errata appended.
​PARRY, Sir LOVE PARRY JONES (1781–1853), lieutenant-general, born in London in 1781, was son of Thomas Jones of Lwynen, Denbighshire, who acquired the estate of Madryn Park, Carnarvonshire, by his marriage with his cousin Margaret Parry, and, together with his children, took the additional surname of Parry in 1803. Love Parry Jones entered Westminster School in 1796, and obtained a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge. Preferring Oxford, he entered as a gentleman commoner at Christ Church, Oxford, on 8 May 1799, where he graduated B.A. in 1803 and M.A. 1811. In 1802 he also entered as a student at Lincoln's Inn.
All this time he was a captain in the army on half-pay, having been appointed ensign, lieutenant, and captain in the 81st foot in 1794 at the age of twelve, and immediately afterwards placed on half-pay of a disbanded regiment under the names of ‘Parry Jones.’ On 28 Aug. 1804 he was appointed major of the 90th foot. In 1806 he was returned M.P. for Horsham, Sussex, as a whig, and made his first speech in support of Mr. Windham's bill for introducing short service in the army. He was again returned for Horsham in 1807, but was unseated on petition. After serving with the second battalion 90th for some years, he became brevet lieutenant-colonel on 4 June 1811, and was appointed major of the old 103rd foot in America (afterwards disbanded as the 102nd). He commanded a brigade on the Canadian frontier during the war of 1812–14, had a horse shot under him at the battle of Lundy's Lane (Niagara) on 18 Dec. 1813, and was several times mentioned in despatches. At the end of the war he retired as lieutenant-colonel half-pay 6th garrison battalion. He became colonel in 1825, major-general 1837, and lieutenant-general 1846. He was made a knight bachelor and K.H. in 1835, but through some mistake his knighthood was never recognised in the army list. He represented Carmarthen in parliament in 1835–40, and was high sheriff of the county in the latter year. In 1841 he unsuccessfully contested Shrewsbury, Disraeli (afterwards Lord Beaconsfield) being one of his opponents. Parry died on 23 Jan. 1853.
He married, first, in 1806, Sophia, only daughter of Robert Stevenson of Binfield, Berkshire, by whom he had a son and three daughters; secondly, in 1826, Elizabeth, only daughter of Thomas Caldecott of Lincoln, by whom he left a son and daughter.
Parry's brother, William Parry Jones Parry, who afterwards took the name of Yale, served through the Peninsular war with the 48th foot, and received a gold medal for having as a captain commanded one of the battalions of that regiment at the battle of Albuera in 1811.
H. M. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.215 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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