OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Sarah Jackson Hanna

​HANNA, Miss Sarah Jackson, musical educator, born on her father's sugar plantation. near New Orleans, La., 4th December, 1847. She is the oldest daughter of lames Jackson Hanna and Ellen Cooper. Her father was born in Ireland. The family comes of Scotch-Irish lineage of noble birth. The mother of James Jackson Hanna belonged to the same Scotch-Irish stock. SARAH JACKSON HANNA. She, and her brothers and sisters, after being actively interested in the Irish rebellion of 1803, sought refuge in the United States. Coming to this country In 1810, they settled in Tennessee, and then went to the rich cotton belt of Florence, Ala. From there Mrs. Hanna, the grandmother of Miss Sarah Hanna removed to southwestern Louisiana, where she devoted all her energies to the culture of sugar, in which she succeeded, leaving a valuable property to her heirs. On her mother's side Miss Hanna is-the granddaughter of Dr. Thomas Cooper, a native of Manchester, England. He was a distinguished scientist and man of letters, and for many years before and at the time of his death president of South Carolina College, in Columbia, S. C. In 1860 Miss Hanna resided in New Orleans. Having shown in early childhood unusual musical talent, her father gave her every advantage. The last few years of her student life she spent under the instruction of Madame Francoise Lacquer. Her father's fortune having been swept away by war and lost in litigation, when he died, in 1867, she resolved to support herself as a teacher of the piano. She first went to Florence, Ala. Later she accepted a position in Ward's Seminary, Nashville, Tenn. There she met Thomas B. Binyon, to whom she was married in 1870. They went to Atlanta, Ga., where she has since resided. Later domestic and financial troubles compelled her to adopt again the teaching of music as a profession, which she has followed since, uninterruptedly and with marked success. For three years she was organist of St. Luke's Cathedral, organizing the first surpliced choir in Atlanta. Her health failing, she resigned that position and devoted herself exclusively to teaching. In 1885. by permission of the Superior Court of Fulton county, Ga., she resumed her maiden name.
# Woman of the Century/Sarah L. Twiggs

​TWIGGS, Mrs. Sarah L., poet, born in Barnwell county, S. C., 29th March, 1839. Her life from earliest infancy to womanhood was passed in one of the beautiful southern homesteads that lie along the Savannah river border, near Augusta. Ga. SARAH L. TWIGGS. Her great-grandfather, Gen. John Twiggs, figured as one of the Revolutionary heroes. Her ancestors were Swedish Norsemen. The first of the name ​came to this country in company with Gen. Oglethorpe, bearing a large grant of land from George III. Gen. David E. Twiggs, of Mexican War fame, was hergreat-uncle, and she is a sister of Judge H. D. D. Twiggs, the distinguished Georgia barrister. Her father was a successful southern punter, who cared more for blooded horses and well-trained pointers than for literary pursuits. Her literary tastes were inherited from her mother, who was a woman of ability and culture. She is the only daughter in a family of five children. From a life of southern ease and affluence, on which were built the airy castles of a poetic temperament, she was awakened by the rude shock of war, in which her fortunes sank. Then followed the sorrow of an unhappy marriage and a succession of sad family bereavements. In 1885 she found herself, with two small children, in the national capital. There she succeeded in achieving a comfortable independence. The sterner phases of her altered life closed for her, in a measure, the literary avenues which were more in accordance with her taste, yet out of the shadow she occasionally sent flashes of a lamp not wholly extinguished. One of her poems, "Nostri Mortui," and several idyls, which appeared in southern journals, elicited flattering mention. She is now writing a book, which will be published in the near future.
# Woman of the Century/Sarah Lord Bailey

​BAILEY, Mrs. Sara Lord, elocutionist and teacher of dramatic elocution, born in Tottington, near Bury, England, 9th September, 1856. She is the only child of Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Lord, her parents bringing her to the United States the year following her birth and making their home in Lawrence. Mass., where they now reside. She early showed a fondness and talent for dramatic elocution, and it was developed by her participation in amateur plays given in Lawrence under the auspices of the Grand Army posts. She w as educated in the Oliver grammar school, passing thence to Fasell Seminary. Auburndale, Mass., where she studied two years. She afterwards Studied Under the l»est teachers of elocution in Boston, and was graduated in 1888 from the Boston School of Oratory. SARA LORD BAILEY. A few years ago she was married to Elbridge E. Bailey, and in 1883 to benefit Mr. Bailey's health they went to the Sandwich Islands where they lived for nearly two years. They were ​present at the coronation ceremonies of the king and queen in Iolani palace, 12th February, 1883. In 1884 they returned to the United States, and Mr. Bailey went into business in St. Louis, Mo., where Mrs. Bailey taught elocution most successfully in the Mission School for the Blind. They afterwards removed to Kansas City, where Mr. Bailey has built up a flourishing business. Mrs. Bailey for some time taught elocution and voice-culture in the school of oratory there, but was obliged to return to Massachusetts on account of her failing health. She is devoted to her profession, having several large classes in elocution in Lawrence, besides fulfilling engagements to read in various cities.
# Yiddish Tales/Isaac Löb Perez

Contents
ISAAC LÖB PEREZ
Born, 1851, in Samoscz, Government of Lublin, Russian Poland; Jewish, philosophical, and general literary education; practiced law in Samoscz, a Hasidic town; clerk to the Jewish congregation in Warsaw and as such collector of statistics on Jewish life; began to write at twenty-five; contributor to Zedernbaum’s Jüdisches Volksblatt; publisher and editor of Die jüdische Bibliothek (4 vols.), in which he conducted the scientific department, and wrote all the editorials and book reviews, of Literatur and Leben, and of Yom-tov Blattlech; now (1912) co-editor of Der Freind, Warsaw; Hebrew and Yiddish prose writer and poet; allegorist; collected Hebrew works, 1899-1901; collected Yiddish works, 7 vols., Warsaw and New York, 1909-1912 (in course of publication).
A Woman's Wrath The Treasure It Is Well Whence a Proverb
# Yiddish Tales/Isaiah Berschadski

Contents
ISAIAH BERSCHADSKI
Pen name of Isaiah Domaschewitski; born, 1871, near Derechin, Government of Grodno (Lithuania), White Russia; died, 1909, in Warsaw; education, Jewish and secular; teacher of Hebrew in Ekaterinoslav, Southern Russia; in business, in Ekaterinoslav and Baku; editor, in 1903, of Ha-Zeman, first in St. Petersburg, then in Wilna; after a short sojourn in Riga removed to Warsaw; writer of novels and short stories, almost exclusively in Hebrew; contributor to Ha-Meliz, Ha-Shiloah, and other periodicals; pen pames besides Berschadski: Berschadi, and Shimoni; collected works in Hebrew, Tefusim u-Zelalim, Warsaw, 1899, and Ketabim Aharonim, Warsaw, 1909.
Forlorn and Forsaken
# Yiddish Tales/Isaiah Lerner

Contents
ISAIAH LERNER
Born, 1861, in Zwoniec, Podolia, Southwestern Russia; co-editor of die Bibliothek Dos Leben, published at Odessa, 1904, and Kishineff, 1905.
Bertzi Wasserführer Ezrielk the Scribe Yitzchok-Yossel Broitgeber
# Zellerbach Paper Co. v. Helvering National Paper Products Co.

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United States Supreme Court
293 U.S. 172
Zellerbach Paper Co. v. Helvering National Paper Products Co.
No. Nos 37-39 Argued: Oct. 17, 1934. --- Decided: Nov 5, 1934
Messrs. John Francis Neylan and J. Paul Miller, both of San Francisco, Cal., for petitioners.
The Attorney General and Mr. William Stanley, Asst. to Atty. Gen., for respondent.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Zeller v. Switzer/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
91 U.S. 487
Zeller v. Switzer
We think this motion must be granted. The judgment is one of reversal only, and the case is remanded to be proceeded with according to law. The Supreme Court decided that the defence set forth in the peremptory exception was not good; and that is all that court decided. The case was, therefore, sent back for trial upon the defences set up in the answer, or any other that might be properly presented. If the decision below upon the exception had been correct, such a trial would have been unnecessary. The Supreme Court having decided that it was not correct, the inferior court must now proceed further. This brings the case within our ruling at the present term in Ex parte French, supra, p. 423.
The writ is dismissed.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adriani, Giovanni Battista

See also Giovanni Battista Adriani on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​ADRIANI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1513–1579), Italian historian, was born of a patrician family of Florence, and was secretary to the republic of Florence. He was among the defenders of the city during the siege of 1530, but subsequently joined the Medici party and was appointed professor of rhetoric at the university. At the instance of Cosimo I. he wrote a history of his own times, from 1536 to 1574, in Italian, which is generally, but according to Brunet erroneously, considered a continuation of Guicciardini. De Thou acknowledges himself greatly indebted to this history, praising it especially for its accuracy. Adriani composed funeral orations in Latin on the emperor Charles V. and other noble personages, and was the author of a long letter on ancient painters and sculptors prefixed to the third volume of Vasari. His Istoria dei suoi tempi was published in Florence in 1583; a new edition appeared also in Florence in 1872.
See G. M. Mazzucchelli, Gli Scrittori d’ Italia, i. p. 151 (Brescia, 1753).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adrastus

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​ADRASTUS, in Greek legend, was the son of Talaus, king of Argos, and Lysianassa, daughter of Polybus, king of Sicyon. Having been driven from Argos by Amphiaraus, Adrastus fled to Sicyon, where he became king on the death of Polybus. After a time he became reconciled to Amphiaraus, gave him his sister Eriphyle in marriage, and returned to Argos and occupied the throne. In consequence of an oracle which had commanded him to marry his daughters to a lion and a boar, he wedded them to Polyneices and Tydeus, two fugitives, clad in the skins of these animals or carrying shields with their figures on them, who claimed his hospitality. He was the instigator of the famous war against Thebes for the restoration of his son-in-law Polyneices, who had been deprived of his rights by his brother Eteocles. Adrastus, followed by Polyneices and Tydeus, his two sons-in-law, Amphiaraus, his brother-in-law, Capaneus, Hippomedon and Parthenopaeus, marched against the city of Thebes, and on his way is said to have founded the Nemean games. This is the expedition of the “Seven against Thebes,” which the poets have made nearly as famous as the siege of Troy. As Amphiaraus had foretold, they all lost their lives in this war except Adrastus, who was saved by the speed of his horse Arion (Iliad, xxiii. 346). Ten years later, at the instigation of Adrastus, the war was renewed by the sons of the chiefs who had fallen. This expedition was called the war of the “Epigoni” or descendants, and ended in the taking and destruction of Thebes. None of the followers of Adrastus perished except his son Aegialeus, and this affected him so greatly that he died of grief at Megara, as he was leading back his victorious army.
Apollodorus iii. 6, 7; Aeschylus, Septem contra Thebas; Euripides, Phoenissae, Supplices; Statius, Thebais; Herodotus v. 67.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adria

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​ADRIA (anc. Atria; the form Adria or Hadria is less correct: Hatria was a town in Picenum, the modern Atri), a town and episcopal see of Venetia, Italy, in the province of Rovigo, 15 m. E. by rail from the town of Rovigo. It is situated between the mouths of the Adige and the Po, about 131/2 m. from the sea and but 13 ft. above it. Pop. (1901) 15,678. The town occupies the site of the ancient Atria, which gave its name to the Adriatic. Its origin is variously ascribed by ancient writers, but it was probably a Venetian, i.e. Illyrian, not an Etruscan, foundation—still less a foundation of Dionysius I. of Syracuse. Imported vases of the second half of the 5th century B.C. prove the existence of trade with Greece at that period; and the town was famous in Aristotle’s day for a special breed of fowls. Even at that period, however, the silt brought down by the rivers rendered access to the harbour difficult, and the historian Philistus excavated a canal to give free access to the sea. This was still open in the imperial period, and the town, which was a municipium, possessed its own gild of sailors; but its importance gradually decreased. Its remains lie from 10 to 20 ft. below the modern level. The Museo Civico and the Bocchi collection contain antiquities.
See R. Schöne, Le antichitá del Museo Bocchi di Adria (Rome, 1878). (T. As.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adrian, Saint

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​ADRIAN, SAINT, one of the praetorian guards of the emperor Galerius Maximian, who, becoming a convert to Christianity, was martyred at Nicomedia on the 4th of March 303. It is said that while presiding over the torture of a band of Christians he was so amazed at their courage that he publicly confessed his faith. He was imprisoned, and the next day his limbs were struck off on an anvil, and he was then beheaded, dying in his wife’s, St Natalia’s, arms. St Adrian’s festival, with that of his wife, is kept on the 8th of September. He is specially a patron of soldiers, and is much reverenced in Flanders, Germany and the north of France. He is usually represented armed, with an anvil in his hands or at his feet.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adrian (city)

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​ADRIAN, a city and the county-seat of Lenawee county, Michigan, U.S.A., on the S. branch of Raisin river, near the S.E. corner of the state. Pop. (1890) 8736; (1900) 9654, of whom ​1136 were foreign-born: (1910 census) 10,763. It is served by five branches of the Lake Shore railway system, and by the Wabash, the Toledo and Western, and the Toledo, Detroit and Ironton railways. Adrian is the seat of Adrian College (1859; co-educational), controlled by the Wesleyan Methodist Church in 1859–1867 and since 1867 by the Methodist Protestant Church, and having departments of literature, theology, music, fine arts, commerce and pedagogy, and a preparatory school; and of St Joseph’s Academy (Roman Catholic) for girls; and 1 m. north of the city is the State Industrial Home for Girls (1879), for the reformation of juvenile offenders between the ages of ten and seventeen. Adrian has a public library. The city is situated in a rich farming region; is an important shipping point for livestock, grain and other farm products; and is especially known as a centre for the manufacture of wire-fences. Among the other manufactories are flouring and grist mills, planing mills, foundries, and factories for making agricultural implements, United States mail boxes, furniture, pianos, organs, automobiles, toys and electrical supplies. The value of the city’s factory products increased from $2,124,923 in 1900 to $4,897,426 in 1904, or 130·5%; of the total value in 1904, $2,849,648 was the value of wire-work. The place was laid out as a town in 1828, and according to tradition was named in honour of the Roman emperor Hadrian. It was incorporated as a village in 1836, was made the county-seat in 1838 and was chartered as a city in 1853.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adrianople (vilayet)

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​ADRIANOPLE, a vilayet of European Turkey, corresponding with part of the ancient Thrace, and bounded on the N. by Bulgaria (Eastern Rumelia), E. by the Black Sea and the vilayet of Constantinople, S. by the Sea of Marmora and the Aegean Sea and W. by Macedonia. Pop. (1905) about 1,000,000; area, 15,000 sq. m. The surface of the vilayet is generally mountainous, except in the central valley of the Maritza, and along the banks of its tributaries, the Tunja, Arda, Ergene, &c. On the west, the great Rhodope range and its outlying ridges extend as far as the Maritza, and attain an altitude of more than 7000 ft. in the summits of the Kushlar Dagh, Karluk Dagh and Kara-Balkan. Towards the Black Sea, the less elevated Istranja Dagh stretches from north-west to south-east; and the entire south coast, which includes the promontory of Gallipoli and the western shore of the Dardanelles, is everywhere hilly or mountainous, except near the estuaries of the Maritza, and of the Mesta, a western frontier stream. The climate is mild and the soil fertile; but political disturbances and the conservative character of the people tend to thwart the progress of agriculture and other industries. The vilayet suffered severely during the Russian occupation of 1878, when, apart from the natural dislocation of commerce, many of the Moslem cultivators emigrated to Asia Minor, to be free from their alien rulers. Through the resultant scarcity of labour, much land fell out of cultivation. This was partially remedied after the Bulgarian annexation of Eastern Rumelia, in 1885, had driven the Moslems of that country to emigrate in like manner to Adrianople; but the advantage was counterbalanced by the establishment of hostile Bulgarian tariffs. The important silk industry, however, began to revive about 1890, and dairy farming is prosperous; but the condition of the vilayet is far less unsettled than that of Macedonia, owing partly to the preponderance of Moslems among the peasantry, and partly to the nearness of Constantinople, with its Western influences. The main railway from Belgrade to Constantinople skirts the Maritza and Ergene valleys, and there is an important branch line down the Maritza valley to Dédéagatch, and thence coastwise to Salonica. After the city of Adrianople (pop. 1905, about 80,000), which is the capital, the principal towns are Rodosto (35,000), Gallipoli (25,000), Kirk-Kilisseh (16,000), Xanthi (14,000), Chorlu (11,500), Demotica (10,000), Enos (8000), Gumuljina (8000) and Dédéagatch (3000).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Adscript

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​ADSCRIPT (from Lat. ad, on or to, and scribere, to write), something written after, as opposed to “subscript,” which means written under. A labourer was called an “adscript of the soil” (adscriptus glebae) when he could be sold or transferred with it, as in feudal days, and as in Russia until 1861. Carlyle speaks of the Java blacks as a kind of adscripts.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agistment

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​AGISTMENT. To “agist” (from O. Fr. agister, derived from gésir—Lat. jacere—to lie) is, in law, to take cattle to graze, for a remuneration. “Agistment,” in the first instance, referred more particularly to the proceeds of pasturage in the king’s forests, but now means either (a) the contract for taking in and feeding horses or other cattle on pasture land, for the consideration of a weekly payment of money, or (b) the profit derived from such pasturing. Agistment is a contract of bailment, and the bailer is bound to take reasonable care of the animals entrusted to him; he is responsible for damages and injury which result from ordinary casualties, if it be proved that such might have been prevented by the exercise of great care. There is no lien on the cattle for the price of the agistment, unless by express agreement. Under the Agricultural Holdings Act 1883, agisted cattle cannot be distrained on for rent if there be other sufficient distress to be found, and if such other distress be not found, and the cattle be distrained, the owner may redeem them on paying the price of their agistment. The tithe of agistment or “tithe of cattle and other produce of grass lands,” was formally abolished by the act of union in 1707, on a motion submitted with a view to defeat that measure.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Agnano, Lago Di

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​AGNANO, LAGO DI, a circular lake, 5 m. W. of Naples, Italy. It was apparently not formed until the middle ages, as it is not mentioned by ancient writers; it was drained in 1870. It occupied the crater of an extinct volcano, 4 m. in circumference. On the south bank are the Stufe di S. Germano, natural sulphureous vapour baths, and close by is the Grotta del Cane, from the floor of which warm carbonic acid gas constantly rises to a height of 18 in., the fumes of which render a dog insensible in a few seconds. It is mentioned by Pliny (Nat. Hist. ii. 93). Remains of an extensive Roman building and some statues have been discovered close by.