OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Van Wart v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
295 U.S. 112
Van Wart v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
Argued: Nov. 13, 1934. --- Decided: April 29, 1935
Mr. Frederick R. Gibbs, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
The Attorney General and Mr. Angus D. MacLean, Asst. Sol. Gen., of Washington, D.C., for respondent.
Mr. Justice McREYNOLDS delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Graham v. Florida/Concurrence Stevens

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinions Stevens Roberts
* Dissenting Opinions Thomas Alito
[p85] . . .
JUSTICE STEVENS, with whom JUSTICE GINSBURG and JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR join, concurring.
In his dissenting opinion, JUSTICE THOMAS argues that today's holding is not entirely consistent with the controlling opinions in Lockyer v. Andrade, 538 U.S. 63 (2003), Ewing v. California, 538 U.S. 11 (2003), Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991), and Rummel v. Estelle, 445 U.S. 263 (1980). Post, at 102–105. Given that "evolving standards of decency" have played a central role in our Eighth Amendment jurisprudence for at least a century, see Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 349, 373–378 (1910), this argument suggests the dissenting opinions in those cases more accurately describe the law today than does JUSTICE THOMAS' rigid interpretation of the Amendment. Society changes. Knowledge accumulates. We learn, sometimes, from our mistakes. Punishments that did not seem cruel and unusual at one time may, in the light of reason and experience, be found cruel and unusual at a later time; unless we are to abandon the moral commitment embodied in the Eighth Amendment, proportionality review must never become effectively obsolete, post, at 103–104, and n. 2.
While JUSTICE THOMAS would apparently not rule out a death sentence for a $50 theft by a 7-year-old, see post, at 100, 106, n. 3, the Court wisely rejects his static approach to the law. Standards of decency have evolved since 1980. They will never stop doing so.
# Graham v. Florida/Dissent Alito

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinions Stevens Roberts
* Dissenting Opinions Thomas Alito
JUSTICE ALITO, dissenting.
I join Parts I and III of JUSTICE THOMAS' dissenting opinion. I write separately to make two points.
First, the Court holds only that "for a juvenile offender who did not commit homicide the Eighth Amendment forbids the sentence of life without parole." Ante, at 74 (emphasis added). Nothing in the Court's opinion affects the imposition of a sentence to a term of years without the possibility of parole. Indeed, petitioner conceded at oral argument that a sentence of as much as 40 years without the possibility of parole "probably" would be constitutional. Tr. of Oral Arg. 6–7; see also ante, at 123, n. 13 (THOMAS, J., dissenting).
Second, the question whether petitioner's sentence violates the narrow, as-applied proportionality principle that applies to noncapital sentences is not properly before us in this case. Although petitioner asserted an as-applied proportionality challenge to his sentence before the Florida courts, see 982 So. 2d 43, 51–53 (Fla. App. 2008), he did not include [p125] an as-applied claim in his petition for certiorari or in his merits briefs before this Court. Instead, petitioner argued for only a categorical rule banning the imposition of life without parole on any juvenile convicted of a nonhomicide offense. Because petitioner abandoned his as-applied claim, I would not reach that issue. See this Court's Rule 14.1(a); Yee v. Escondido, 503 U.S. 519, 534–538 (1992).
# Graham v. Folson

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
200 U.S. 248
Graham v. Folson
Argued: December 8, 1905. --- Decided: January 8, 1906
Messrs. F. Barron Grier, Joseph A. McCullough, and J. B. Park for plaintiffs in error.
Messrs. H. J. Haynsworth and R. E. L. Mountcastle for defendants in error.
Mr. Justice McKenna delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Graham v. Gill

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
223 U.S. 643
Graham v. Gill
Argued: February 29, 1912. --- Decided: March 11, 1912
Messrs. Hilary A. Herbert, Benjamin Micou, Richard P. Whiteley, and Hilton S. Hampton for plaintiffs in error.
Mr. John W. Burton for defendant in error.
Memorandum opinion by direction of the court. By Mr. Chief Justice White:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hymns for Childhood/A Father Reading the Bible

A FATHER READING THE BIBLE.
'Twas early Day, and sunlight stream'd  Soft thro' a quiet room, That hush'd, but not forsaken, seem’d,  Still, but with nought of gloom. For there, serene in happy age,  Whose hope is from above, A Father communed with the page  Of Heaven's recorded love.
Pure fell the beam, and meekly bright,  On his grey holy hair, And touch'd the page with tenderest light,  As if its shrine were there!
But oh! that patriarch's aspect shone
 With something lovelier far,
A radiance all the spirit's own,
 Caught not from sun or star.
Some word of life e'en then had met
 His calm, benignant eye,
Some ancient promise, breathing yet
 Of Immortality:
Some Martyr's prayer, wherein the glow
 Of quenchless faith survives:
For every feature said—"I know
 "That my Redeemer lives!"
And silent stood his children by,
 Hushing their very breath,
Before the solemn sanctity
 Of thoughts o'ersweeping death.
Silent—yet did not each young breast
 With love and reverence melt?
Oh! blest be those fair girls, and blest
 That home where God is felt!
# Hymns for Childhood/Christ Walking the Water

CHRIST WALKING ON THE WATER.
Fear was within the tossing bark,  When stormy winds grew loud, And waves came rolling high and dark,  And the tall mast was bow’d.
And men stood breathless in their dread,  And baffled in their skill— But One was there, who rose, and said  To the wild sea—be still!
And the wind ceas'd—it ceas’d!—that word
 Pass'd through the gloomy sky;
The troubled billows knew their Lord,
 And fell beneath His eye.
And slumber settled on the deep,
 And silence on the blast;
They sank, as flowers that fold to sleep
 When sultry day is past.
Oh! thou, that in its wildest hour
 Didst rule the tempest's mood,
Send thy meek spirit forth in power
 Soft on our souls to brood.
Thou that didst bow the billow's pride
 Thy mandate to fulfil,
Oh! speak to passion's raging tide,
 Speak, and say, "Peace, be still!"
# Hymns for Childhood/Christmas Carol

CHRISTMAS CAROL.
O lovely voices of the sky,  That hymn'd the Saviour's birth! Are ye not singing still on high,  Ye that sang, "Peace on earth?"  To us yet speak the strains  Wherewith, in days gone by,  Ye bless'd the Syrian swains,  O voices of the sky!
O clear and shining light, whose beams  That hour Heaven's glory shed Around the palms, and o'er the streams,  And on the Shepherds' head;
Be near, thro' life and death,
 As in that holiest night
 Of Hope, and Joy, and Faith,
 O clear and shining light!
O star which led to Him, whose love
 Brought down man's ransom free;
Where art thou?—'Midst the hosts above,
 May we still gaze on thee?—
 In heaven thou art not set,
 Thy rays earth might not dim—  Send them to guide us yet!
 O star which led to Him!
# Hymns for Advent and Christmas/The Nativity I.

THE NATIVITY.
When the Time by prophets spoken Of the promise made to them, By Him, whose word cannot be broken, "That at lowly Bethlehem,
​"Where the holy David dwelling, Once a lowly shepherd-boy, To the harp's melodious swelling Chanted forth his Psalms of joy,
"Should arise a Star of Glory, Shedding light on all around;" (As we read in Sacred Story,) Had by God's command come round;
Then within that royal City, Came the prophet's Daughter meek, Yet nowhere did any pity Her so gentle, her so weak.
In a cave, where cattle feeding, Lowed around the Mother mild, While the world passed by unheeding, She brought forth th' Eternal Child.
Everlasting praise be given Unto Thee, Emmanuel, Thou the eternal Lord of Heaven, Now art born with men to dwell;
​Angels lost in adoration, Seeing Heaven bowed to earth, Rapt in silent contemplation, Ponder o'er Thy wondrous Birth,
Yea, they shall for ever ponder, Lost in thought unspeakable, O'er the everlasting wonder,— God hath deigned with man to dwell.
# Hymns for Advent and Christmas/The Nativity II.

II.
Blessed Jesus! Thou in love Dost descend from Heaven above, And art born of Virgin mild, A holy sinless, perfect Child.
Thou the Son of God most high, Comest here for us to die; And, to cleanse Thine own from stain, Dost not the Virgin's womb disdain.
​In a manger Thou art laid; By that pure and gentle Maid; Son of David! Israel's King! Now Thou dost Salvation bring.
Thou, the Day-spring from on high, Risest, and the shadows fly: From the joyful East art Thou A King, 'fore whom all earth shall bow!
# Hymns for Childhood

HYMNS FOR CHILDHOOD,
BY
FELICIA HEMANS.
DUBLIN
WILLIAM CURRY JUN. AND COMPANY. SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL, LONDON.
MDCCCXXXIV.
PREFACE.
The following very simple compositions were written a few years ago, exclusively for the Author's family circle, and without the remotest idea of their publication. It is now her wish to render them more extensively, however humbly, useful. The Hymns were intended to associate the first devotional thoughts of childhood with the loveliness and solemnity diffused over the outward creation. Should they prove acceptable, they may perhaps be followed by a series, of a character more entirely scriptural.
Contents. :
| | Page |
| Introductory Verses | 11 |
| The Rainbow | 14 |
| The Sun | 17 |
| The Rivers | 19 |
| The Stars | 22 |
| The Ocean | 25 |
| The Thunder Storm | 28 |
| The Birds | 31 |
| The Sky Lark—Child's Morning Hymn | 36 ​ |
| The Nightingale—Child's Evening Hymn | 38 |
| The Northern Spring | 41 |
| Psalm 147, Paraphrased | 43 |
| Christmas Carol | 46 |
| Christ Walking the Water | 48 |
| A Father Reading the Bible | 50 |
| A Dirge | 53 |
| The Child's First Grief | 54 |
| Epitaph on Two Brothers | 56 |
| Birth Day Lines to a young Child, in Autumn | 58 |
| On a Similar Occasion | 60 |
| The Hour of Prayer | 62 |
| Hymn by the Sick Bed of a Mother | 64 |
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Hymns for Childhood/A Dirge

A DIRGE.
Calm on the bosom of thy God,  Young spirit! rest thee now! Ev’n while with us thy footstep trod,  His seal was on thy brow.
Dust, to its narrow house beneath!  Soul, to its place on high! They that have seen thy look in death,  No more may fear to die.
Lone are the paths, and sad the bowers,  Whence thy meek smile is gone; But oh! a brighter home than ours,  In heaven, is now thine own.
# Hymns for Advent and Christmas/The Shepherds

THE SHEPHERDS.
Where the humble shepherds waking, Kept their guard throughout the night; Suddenly the heavens breaking, Poured around them glorious light;
Then an Angel quick descended, Clothed in holy majesty, While the men with awe attended; And amazed at what they see,
​Hear the angel's exhortation; "Fear ye not, for Joy I bring, Tidings of the world's Salvation, Of the Birth of Israel's King:
"In a manger lying lowly, In the City, where of old Royal David, pure and holy, Watched o'er his father's fold:
"Where the beasts around are stalled, Ye shall find the Newly-born, Him, who Christ the Lord is called, Bringer of a glorious morn."
Scarcely had the Angel ended These sweet words of comforting, When a heavenly host descended, And with joy their praises sing;
"Unto God, who in the heaven Dwells, be everlasting praise; Peace on earth to man be given, And good will through all his days."
​When the men had heard the greeting, As the angels went away, Each began with bosom beating, To his neighbour thus to say;
"Let us seek the lowly dwelling, Where amid the lowing beasts, As we heard the angels telling, The Saviour of the world now rests.
# Hymns for Childhood/Birth Day Lines to a young Child, in Autumn

BIRTH-DAY LINES
TO
A YOUNG CHILD IN AUTUMN.
Where sucks the bee now?—Summer is flying, Leaves round the elm-tree faded are lying; Violets are gone from their grassy dell; With the cowslip cups, where the fairies dwell; The Rose from the garden hath passed away— Yet happy, fair Boy! is thy natal day.
For love bids it welcome, the love which hath smiled Ever around thee, my gentle child! Watching thy footsteps, and guarding thy bed,
And pouring out joy on thy sunny head.
Roses may vanish, but this will stay– Happy and bright is thy natal day!
# Hymns for Advent and Christmas/Jam Lucis Orto Sidere

Jam Lucis Orto Sidere.
The morning star hath risen high, Lord, listen to our supliant cry; And keep us ever day by day, From such as seek our soul to slay.
Preserve in meekness, Lord, our tongue, Lest it should utter aught of wrong; Restrain and guard our wandering sight, Lest aught of vanity delight.
​Oh! keep our inmost heart, too, pure, That anger may not there endure; The fumes of pride he carried thence, By the spare food of abstinence.
That when the day departing fades, And night brings on her wonted shades; Free from the power of earth we may Sing unto Thee this noble lay;
All Glory to the Father be, All Glory, Only Son, to Thee, All Glory, Holy Paraclete, As now, so is it ever meet.
THANKS BE TO GOD.
T. HARRISON, PRINTER, BRIGGATE, LEEDS.
# Woman of the Century/Anna Elizabeth Treat

​TREAT, Mrs. Anna Elizabeth, author, born in the village of Brooklyn, Ohio, 28th February, 1843. where she was reared and still resides. She is the youngest child of Edward and Anna C. Fuller. Her father, a Harvard graduate and a minister of the Congregational Church, was a scholarly man and devoted to his books. He was a native of Connecticut. Her mother, Anna C. Greene, was also from the East. She was a woman of unusual refinement and intelligence and was highly educated. ANNA ELIZABETH TREAT. Miss Fuller was a constant reader and the well-selected volumes of her father's library proved the foundation of the liberal education, which she afterwards enjoyed. Besides her childhood love for books, she showed a strong taste for music and the study of language, acquiring especial proficiency in the German tongue. Her education! was acquired in the schools of her native place, and she early became the wife of her teacher, William Treat. She began her literary work by contributing to various well-known periodicals poems and articles which were favorably received. Her poems, published for the most part in eastern papers, were usually illustrated, especially those of a humorous nature. For a number of years she has been a contributor to the "Ohio Farmer," of Cleveland, many of her sketches and short stories appearing therein. She has also written much for various juvenile periodicals. Her name is upon the roll of the Ohio Woman's Press Association, and she takes an active interest in all local literary advancement. Two sons and two daughters, now grown, constitute her family.
# Woman of the Century/Anna Gardner

​GARDNER, Miss Anna, anti-slavery' agitator, born on the Island of Nantucket, 25th January, 1816. Her father, Oliver C. Gardner, was related to most of the prominent families in Nantucket, among whom were the Cartwrights, and through them Miss Gardner is descended from Peter Folger, the grandfather of Benjamin Franklin, and she is thus related to Lucretia Mott, Maria Mitchell and other distinguished men and women. Through her mother, Hannah Mackerel Gardner, she can claim descent from Tristram Coffin, the first magistrate of Nantucket. Seven generations of her ancestors lived in Nantucket. Miss Gardner's literary tastes and talents were inherited from her mother, who was known for her love of classical poetry. On her father's side, also, she received a literary strain, as the Cartwright family has produced poets in each generation. Slavery and its horrors were early forced upon Miss Gardner's attention. She became a student, a teacher, a lecturer and a worker in the cause of human liberty and equal rights. She was a regular reader of the "Liberator" when she was eighteen vears old In 1841 she was instrumental in calling an anti-slavery convention upon her native isle, which was largely attended. In that meeting Frederick Douglass made his first appearance as a public speaker. He had been exhorting in the Methodist Church and was unprepared for the call made upon him. Nevertheless, he responded and electrified his audience. .Miss Gardner spent many years in ANNA GARDNER. teaching the freed men in the South. Her work was done in North Carolina, Smith Carolina and Virginia. She returned to the North in 1878, and in Brooklyn, N. V., she was injured by a carriage ​accident The result was long weeks of suffering, a partial recovery, crutches and a return to her Nantucket home, where she is passing her days in serenity. She is still engaged in teaching those around her, and her pen is still active in the interests of truth and philanthropy. Besides her anti-slavery work, Miss Gardner has worked faithfully and potently in the cause of woman's rights. She lectured several times before the Nantucket Athenæum. In 1881 she published a volume of prose and verse, entitled " Harvest Gleanings." The work shows Miss Gardner's talents at their best.
# Woman of the Century/Anna Cheney Edwards

​EDWARDS, Miss Anna Cheney, educator, born in Northampton. Mass., 31st July, 1835. Her father, Charles, was sixth in descent from Alexander Edwards, one of the early settlers of the town. Her mother, Ruth White, of Spencer, Mass., was also of Puritan ancestry. Anna early showed a fondness for books and a predilection for teaching. She remembers making up her mind, on her first day of her attending school, at the age of four years, that she was to be a teacher. This was an inherited fondness, as her father and grandfather had successively taught the district school near the old Edwards homestead. Her great-grandfather, Nathaniel Edwards, is worthy of mention in these days of higher education for women, for his labors in the instruction of the girls of his neighborhood in vacations, because in his time they were not allowed to attend school with the boys during the regular terms. Miss Edwards' career as a teacher began at the age of sixteen, after she had passed through the public schools of Northampton, in an outer district of the town. After two years of experience she entered Mt. Holyoke Seminary, South Hadley, Mass., in September, 1853. At the end of one year her studies were interrupted by three years more of teaching, after which she returned to the seminary and was graduated in July, 1859. She was recalled as assistant teacher the following year and has been a member of the Holyoke faculty most of the time since. She was absent at one period for about two years, her health being somewhat
ANNA CHENEY EDWARDS, impaired, and from 1866 to 1868 she was principal of Lake Erie Seminary, Painesville, Ohio. She has spent eighteen months in travel in Europe, and in vacations she has taken separate trips to ​New Orleans, California. Alaska and various parts of the United States and Canada. She was appointed second associate principal of Mt. Holyoke eminary in 1872, and first associate in 1883. A college charter having been obtained for that institution in 1888, she was made professor of theism and Christian evidences, and instructor of ancient literature. In scientific studies she shared the enthusiasm and the wide reading of Lydia W. Shattuck, the botanist, and became herself an earnest student and teacher of geology. She is identified with her alma mater in its religious character and work. For the use of her classes she printed in 1877 a volume of "Notes on Ancient Literature." She has given lectures to classes and to ladies' literary societies on a variety of topics. Her more public activities have been in the way of papers and addresses before the different associations of Holyoke alumna? and in connection with women's missionary meetings. Since 1876 she has been vice-president of the Hampshire County Branch of the Woman's Board of Missions. In 1888 the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon her by Burlington University, Vermont.
# Woman of the Century/Anna Campbell Palmer

​PALMER, Mrs. Anna Campbell, author, born in Elmira, N. Y., 3rd February, 1854. Her maiden name was Anna Campbell. She has passed her life, except four years of childhood, in Ithaca, N. Y., in the beautiful Chemung Valley. She was an author while yet a mere child. ANNA CAMPBELL PALMER. When she was ten years old, she published a poem in the Ithaca "Journal." At the age of fourteen she was left an orphan, and in 1870 she became a teacher in the Elmira public schools. She taught successfully for a number of years. In September, 1880, she became the wife of George Archibald Palmer. Her family consists of two daughters. In her early years she wrote under a number of pen-names, but after her marriage she chose to be known as "Mrs. George Archibald," and that name has appeared with all her productions since that date. She has written much and well. Some of her best work has appeared in the "Magazine of Poetry." Her published works are "The Summerville Prize" (New York, 1890); a book for girls, "Little Brown Seed " (New York, 1801); "Lady Gay" (Boston, 1891); "Lady Gay and Her Sister" (Chicago, 1891), and "Verses from a Mother's Corner" (Elmira, N. Y.). She has a fifth volume in press. Mrs. Palmer's life is quiet and her tastes domestic.