# The Gall Wasp Genus Cynips: A Study in the Origin of Species/Index

INDEX
Acknowledgments, 431 acraspiformis, 28, 31, 349 Acraspis, 74, 306-429, 551-571 advena, 59, 409 agama, 164, 170 Africa, 99, 125, 150 Aggregata, 446 Alabama, 254, 301, 324, 328, 336, 388, 391 alaria, 29, 353 albicolens, 336 Alternating generations, 93, 102-133, 137-147, 151-162, 182-205, 262-272, 367-370, 393-409, 521, 537, 555, 557, 563, frontis amorpha, 446 anceps, 35, 323 Antron, 70, 180-221, 517-527 apache, 31, 352 aquaticae, 446 arida, 313 Arizona, 207, 245, 281, 290, 292, 339, 342, 343, 350, 352 Arkansas, 258, 260, 302, 305, 320, 323, 378 Asia Minor, 108, 125, 150, 177 atrata, 204 atridivisa, 162 atrifolii, 99, 134 atrimentus, 446 Atrusca, 72, 276-305, 527, 543-549 australiensis, 447 Austria, 108, 125, 129, 141, 145, 154, 159, 167, 172, 177
Basis of Cynips study, 11-15 bedeguaris, 447 Belgium, 106, 140, 153,166 bella, 30, 285, 289 Besbicus, 70, 222-241, 527, 533 Bibliography, Cynips, 460 Bibliography, general, 457 bicolens, 405 bifurca, 35, 325 brevipennata, 30, 282 British Columbia, 241 brunneipes, 447 Bulgaria, 125, 141
caepula, 447 California, 188, 191, 192, 195, 196, 198, 199, 201, 203, 204, 207, 208, 210, 211, 216, 218, 219, 220, 227, 228, 229, 231, 234, 235, 239, 241 californica, 447 calvescens, 354 canadensis, 46, 273 capillata, 447 carnifex, 175 Carolina, 54, 332 Caucasus, 108, 141 cava, 52, 293 centricola, 47, 295, 297 Checklist, 496 cincturata, 377 cinereae, 447 clarkei, 447 claviger, 217 clavula, 215 clavuloides, 27, 215 clivorum, 300 Collenchyma, 41 Colorado, 283, 353, 377, 417 compressus, 448 compta, 322 concolor, 329 confusa, 448 congesta, 292 conica, 338 Connecticut, 264, 270, 365, 369, 388, 395, 427 ​consocians, 357 conspicua, 39, 222, 229 cornifex, 175 corrugis, 448 crassior, 335 cressoni, 448 cruenta, 360 crustalis, 117 Cynipini, 63 Cynips, generic diagnosis, 83-86 Cynips, subgenus, 39, 40, 68, 87-96, 96-179, 505-517 Cytology, insect, 408 Czecho-Slovakia, 107, 118, 125, 129, 141, 154, 159, 167, 172 Denmark, 106, 118, 134, 140, 145, 147, 153, 159, 163, 166 derivatus, 58-60, 391 Diplolepis, 61, 79 discalis, 448 discularis, 448 discus, 448 Disholcaspis, 44 disticha, 151, 153, 169 distigma, 170 District of Columbia, 264, 299, 388, 396, 405, 427 divisa, 148, 151 douglasii, 39, 186 Drosophila, 34, 55 Dryophanta, 61, 88-89 dubiosa, 448 dugèsi, 30, 52, 278, 281 dumosae, 199
eburneus, 449 echini, 412 echinoides, 412 echinus, 30, 39, 47, 182, 191 Eggs, 509, 565 emoryi, 449 England, 106, 118, 140, 145, 153, 159, 166, 171 Epidermal layer, 41 erinacei, 19-23, 30, 57-60, 387, 393, frontis Excluded species, 446 expositor, 28, 351
Finland, 141, 147, 163 flavipes, 449 Florida, 262, 299, 324, 330, 331, 337, 388, 412 flosculi, 97, 100, 117, 122-133, 128 folii, 96, 102, 122 forsiusi, 147 France, 106, 118, 125, 129, 140, 145, 153, 159, 163, 166, 171, 177 fulvicollis, 31, 45, 59-60, 62, 243, 248, 262-272, 394 fuscata, 362 fuscus, 449
gallae-cerasiformis, 102 Gall structures, 40-43, 94, 254, 376, 511, 513, 527, 559 gemmula, 47, 59-60, 359, 364, 367 Geographic isolation, 49-54 Georgia, 301, 324, 326, 328, 336, 337, 361, 382, 388, 391, 410 Germany, 106, 118, 140, 145, 153, 159, 166, 171 gigas, 259 gillettei, 263, 266, 268 giraudi, 128, 133 glabra, 449 guadaloupensis, 29, 47, 205, 208, 449
hakonensis, 449 heldae, 39, 230 hildebrandae, 217 hirta, 413, 426 Holland, 106, 118, 145, 153 Host relations, 37-40, 47-48, 50-51, 63-65. Also see Quercus, spp. Hungary, 108, 125, 129, 141, 154, 167, 172, 177 Hybridization, 55, 163, 268, 398, 557 Hypopygial spine, 509, 525, 533, 541, 549, 569, 571
ignota, 449 ilicicola, 133 ilicis, 127, 133 Illinois, 256, 258, 265, 274, 299, 305, 320, 356, 361, 362, 378, 382, 391, 396, 405, 421, 422, 424 ​inanis, 240 incepta, 198 incompta, 345 Indiana, 256, 258, 264, 270, 273, 337, 356, 361, 362, 364, 366, 378, 382, 391, 396, 405, 421, 422, 424, 428 indicta, 228 insolens, 29, 210, 450 Iowa, 265, 356, 396, 425 Isolation of species, 49-54 Italy, 108, 118, 125, 129, 141, 150, 167, 172, 177
Japan, 67 Japonica, 450 Jordan's Law, 51 Jugo-Slavia, 108, 141, 154
Kansas, 256, 259, 260, 265, 274, 356, 358, 361, 362, 396, 420, 425, 428 Kentucky, 258, 265, 274, 320, 333, 362, 366, 378, 382, 391, 396, 405, 410, 428 Key to Cynips, 482
lanaeglobuli, 261 lanata, 450 laurifoliae, 450 leachii, 238 liberaecellulae, 450 Life zones, 54 Liodora, 121 litigans, 327 lobata, 190 longicornis, 450 longiventris, 135, 137-147
macrescens, 29, 59-60, 423 macrocarpae, 416, 423 maculipennis, 238, 240, 289 maculosa, 39, 47, 232, 234 Maine, 395 major, 257 Maryland, 381, 388, 396 Massachusetts, 264, 365, 369, 381, 388, 395, 427 mellea, 47, 52, 62, 308, 311, 312, 314, 330 Mexico, 282, 346 Michigan, 264, 273, 356, 382, 396, 421, 422, 424, 428 Minnesota, 356, 396, 425 mirabilis, 39, 47, 236, 240 Mississippi, 324, 326 Missouri, 258, 260, 265, 299, 305, 320, 333, 362, 366, 378, 382, 396 mista, 200 mitsukurii, 450 Montenegro, 125 multipunctata, 47, 62, 224, 226 Mutations, 25-36, 521, 523, 525, 537-541, 545, 547, 561-571
nawai, 450 Nebraska, 265 Neuroterus, 51 New Hampshire, 264, 381, 387, 395 New Jersey, 264, 270, 298, 332, 366, 369, 388, 395, 427 New Mexico, 280, 283, 290, 350, 351, 353, 417 New York, 264, 270, 298, 332, 356, 366, 388, 395, 405, 424, 427 niger (Fourcroy), 451 nigra Gillette, 254, 257, 259, 263 nigricollis, 263, 266, 268 Nivicolous species, 44-46 Nomenclatorial data, 456 North Carolina, 299, 301, 328, 332, 336, 337, 382, 388, 410, 428 notha, 451 nubila, 29, 39, 339, 341 Nutritive layer, 40
obtrectans, 420 occultata, 451 Ohio, 264, 300, 320, 328, 366, 378, 381, 391, 396, 405, 424 Oklahoma, 254, 302, 420 Ontario, 264, 395, 424, 427 operta, 451 opima, 421 Oregon, 207, 219, 220, 241 Origin of species, 7-77 Ovipositor, 505, 509 ozark, 378
packorum, 418 pallipes, 32, 269 ​palustris, 451 papula, 451 Parenchyma, spongy, 41 parvula, 452 patelloides, 211, 452 pedicellatus, 452 pedunculata, 452 pellucidus, 283 Pennsylvania, 270, 381, 388, 391, 396, 427 perditor, 452 pezomachoides, 29, 45, 47, 54, 62, 308, 370, 386, 394 Philonix, 72, 242-275, 527, 535-541 Phylogenetic history, 61-77 Physiologic species, 37-48 pisum, 386, 394 plumbea, 32, 245 polita, 452 politus, 452 porterae, 452 Portugal, 125, 150, 175 Pre-occupied names, 433 prinoides, 364 Protective layer, 41 Protobalanus, 47 pubescentis, 98, 122 pulchella, 220 pulchripennis, 453 pumiliventris, 453 pupoides, 284 pusulatoides, 453
Quebec, 424 quercifoliae, 453 quercus, 101, 102, 105, 108, 123 Quercus: oak genus, 64-67 Q. alba, 254,. 258, 264, 270, 273, 323, 332, 335, 337, 378, 381, 387, 391, 395, 405, 410 Q. arizonica, 245, 280, 290, 342, 343, 350, 351, 352 Q. bicolor, 255, 262, 412 Q. breviloba, 294, 323 Q. chapmanni, 323, 331 Q. chrysolepis, 208, 210, 211 Q. conferta, 124 Q. diversicolor, 290 Q. douglasii, 188, 192,195, 196, 198, 227, 228 Q. dumosa, 199, 201, 203, 204, 217, 234, 235 Q. durata, 203, 204, 217, 235 Q. fendleri, 283, 318 Q. floridana, 323, 326, 328 Q. gambelii, 280, 283, 290, 353, 377, 417 Q. garryana, 219, 239, 241 Q. glaucophylla, 346 Q. grisea, 280, 283, 285, 290, 292, 314, 339, 350, 351, 352 Q. humilis, 124 Q. ilex, 133 Q. laceyi, 294 Q. lobata, 188, 190, 216, 229, 231 Q. lusitanica, 124, 177 Q. lyrata, 260 Q. macranthera, 124 Q. macrocarpa, 255, 258, 264, 273, 356, 420, 421, 422, 424 Q. margaretta, 323, 326, 328, 331 Q. mexicana, 282 Q. Michauxii, 255, 258, 260, 264, 273, 360, 362, 364, 365, 427 Q. minima, 329 Q. montana, 427 Q. Miihlenbergii, 258, 260, 273, 362, 365 Q. oblongifolia, 245, 280, 290, 342, 343 Q. pedunculata, 106, 118, 140, 145, 147, 153, 159, 162, 171, 177 Q. prinoides, 365, 368 Q. Prinus, 360 Q. pseudo-suber, 124 Q. pubescens, 106, 118, 124, 129, 153, 171, 177 Q. pungens, 290 Q. reticulata, 346 Q. robur, 134 Q. rydbergiana, 318 Q. semota, 219, 239 Q. sessiliflora, 106, 118, 140, 145, 153, 159, 171 Q. stellata, 254, 298, 300, 302, 305, 320, 322, 323, 326, 328, 331, 332, 335 Q. submollis, 353 Q. toumeyi, 290, 342, 350 Q. toza, 124, 129 ​Q. turbinella, 199 Q. undulata, 280, 290, 318, 350 Q. utahensis, 354, 418 Q. wilcoxii, 207 Q. wrightii, 290
radicola, 453 ribes, 195 rubrae, 301 rubricosa, 254 Rumania, 108, 118, 125, 141, 154, 159, 167 russa, 39, 343 rydbergiana, 317
saccularius, 453 scelesta, 422 schlechtendali, 93 schulthessae, 30, 39, 181, 202 scutellaris, 101, 102-104, 109, 123 serratae, 453 sessilis, 453 similis (Bassett), 454 similis Adler, '144 simillima, 454 simulatrix, 277, 280 South Carolina, 301, 324, 328, 337, 388, 391, 410 Spain, 100, 108, 125, 133, 150, 175 Species concept, 17-24 speciosus, 191 Sphaeroterus, 306, 308, 310 splendens, 454 strians, 304 Structures, gall, 40-43, 94, 254, 376, 511, 513, 527, 559 Structures, insect, 503 substituta, 144 sulcata, Liodora, 121, 454 sulphurea, 454 Summary, 5 suspecta, 364 Sweden, 106 Switzerland, 106, 141, 154, 166, 171
Tarsal claw, 509, 525, 533, 541, 549, 565 taschenbergi, 105, 116, 144 Taxonomic method, 8-10 tecturnarum, 454 Temperature effects, 44, 112 Tennessee, 254, 301, 328, 333, 335, 337, 366, 382, 388, 391, 410 tenuicornis, 454 teres, 27, 213, 219 texana, 454 Texas, 254, 285, 292, 294, 302, 314, 322, 323, 351, 420 tritior, 235
undulata, 416 unedoniformis, 102 unica, 319 Utah, 355, 418
vacinii, 455 vacciniifoliae, 455 vanescens, 292 verrucosa, 158 vesiculoides, 455 vicina, 39, 196 villosa, 29, 52, 347, 355 Virginia, 265, 299, 332, 335, 366, 382, 388, 396, 427 vorisi, 46, 255
Washington, state, 241 West Virginia, 300, 378, 381, 391, 396 wheeleri, 45, 58-60, 380 Wing mutations, 26-36, 52, 521, 523, 537, 539, 545, 547, 561-567