# Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 6

TRANSACTIONS
AND
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,
1873.
VOL. VI.
EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE,
BY
JAMES HECTOR, M.D., F.R.S.
Issued June, 1874.
WELLINGTON: JAMES HUGHES, PRINTER, LAMBTON QUAY
TRUBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.
CONTENTS.
TRANSACTIONS.
I.—Miscellaneous. :
| | | | PAGES |
| Art. | I. | On the Variation of the Declination of the Magnetic Needle in the Southern Portion of the Middle Island, and Remarks on the Desirability of establishing Magnetic Observatories in New Zealand. By A. H. Ross | 3–9 |
| | II. | On Observed Irregularities in the Action of the Compass in Iron Steam Vessels. By A. H. Ross | 10–14 |
| | III. | Description of the Patent Slip at Evans Bay, Wellington, and of the Mode of Erecting or Constructing the same. By J. Rees George, C.E. | 14–25 |
| | IV. | On a Smokeless and Self-feeding Furnace for Lignites and other Fuels, and the Utilization of the Waste Heat. By H. Skey | 25–32 |
| | V. | On the Most Economic Mode of Felting Steam Boilers. By J. C. Firth | 32–34 |
| | VI. | On the Probability of a Water Supply being obtained for the City of Auckland from Mount Eden. By John Goodall, C.E. | 35–40 |
| | VII. | Notes on the Proposition to supply Auckland with Water from Mount Eden. By James Stewart, C.E. | 40–42 |
| | VIII. | On the Reclamation of Sand Wastes on the Coast, and the Prevention of their Inland Advance. By James Stewart, C.E. | 42–45 |
| | IX. | Notes on the Plants best adapted for the Reclamation of Sand Wastes. By T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 45–54 |
| | X. | Notes on Indigenous Materials for the Manufacture of Paper. By T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 55–57 |
| | XI. | On the Prediction of Occultations of Stars by the Moon. By T. Heale | 57–61 |
| II.—Zoology. ||||
| | XII. | On Harpagornis, an Extinct Genus of Gigantic Raptorial Birds of New Zealand. By Julius Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S., Director of the Canterbury Museum | 62–75 |
| | XIII. | On Cnemiornis calcitrans, Owen, showing its Affinity to the Lamellirostrate Natatores. By James Hector, M.D., F.R.S. | 76–84 |
| | XIV. | Notes on Delphinus forsteri. By James Hector, M.D., F.R.S. | 85 |
| | XV. | Notes of a Variation in the Dentition of Mesoplodon hectori, Gray. By James Hector, M.D., F.R.S. | 86–87 |
| | XVI. | List of Seals, Whales, and Dolphins of New Zealand. By J. E. Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., Hon. Mem. N.Z. Inst. | 87–89 |
| | XVII. | Notice of the Skeleton of the New Zealand Right Whale (Macleayius australiensis). By J. E. Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 90–92 ​ |
| | XVIII. | Notes on Dr. Hector's Paper on the Whales and Dolphins of the New Zealand Seas. By J. E. Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 93–97 |
| | XIX. | On the Occurrence of a New Species of Euphysetes (E. pottsii), a remarkably small Catodent Whale, on the Coast of New Zealand. By Julius Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 97–102 |
| | XX. | On Cheimarrichthys fosteri, a New Genus belonging to the New Zealand Freshwater Fishes. By Julius Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 103–104 |
| | XXI. | Notes on some New Zealand Fishes. By Captain F. W. Hutton, C.M.Z.S. | 104–107 |
| | XXII. | Notice of Motella novæ-zealandiæ, n.s. By James Hector, M.D., F.R.S. | 107–108 |
| | XXIII. | On a New Genus of Rallidæ. By Captain F. W. Hutton, C.M.Z.S. | 108–110 |
| | XXIV. | Notes on the New Zealand Woodhens (Oeydromus). By Captain F. W. Hutton, C.M.Z.S. | 110–112 |
| | XXV. | Notes on the Ornithology of New Zealand. By Walter L. Buller, D.Sc., F.L.S., etc. | 112–118 |
| | XXVI. | Notes on the Little Bittern of New Zealand (Ardetta maculata). By Walter L. Buller, D.Sc., F.L.S. | 119–121 |
| | XXVII. | Note on Platycercus unicolor in the British Museum. By Walter L. Buller, D.Sc,, F.L.S. | 121–123 |
| | XXVIII. | Remarks on Captain Hutton's Notes on Certain Species of New Zealand Birds. By Walter L. Buller, D.Sc., F.L.S. | 123–126 |
| | XXIX. | Notes by Captain Hutton on Dr. Buller's "Birds of New Zealand," with the Author's Replies thereto | 126–133 |
| | XXX. | On the Birds of New Zealand (Part IV.) By T. H. Potts, F.L.S. | 139–153 |
| | XXXI. | Note on the Occurrence of Dernestes lardarius and Phoracantha recurva in Canterbury, New Zealand. By C. M. Wakefield | 153–154 |
| | XXXII. | Notes upon certain recently-deseribed New Genera and Species of Coleoptera from Canterbury, New Zealand. By C. M. Wakefield | 155–157 |
| | XXXIII. | List of the Insects recorded as haying been found in New Zealand previous to the Year 1870. By Captain F. W, Hutton, C.M.Z.S. | 158–171 |
| | XXXIV. | List of the Lepidoptera recorded as haviug been found in New Zealand previous to the Year 1871. By R. W. Fereday, C.M.E.S.L. | 171–182 |
| | XXXV. | Observations on the Occurrence of a Butterfly, new to New Zealand, of the Genus Danais. By R. W. Fereday | 183–186 |
| | XXXVI. | An Introduction to the Study and Collection of the Araneidea in New Zealand, with a Description and Figures of Cambridqea fasciata, L. Koch, from Chatham Island; and also of a New Species of Macrothete, Auss., M. Huttonii, Cambr., found at Wellington, New Zealand. By the Rev. O. P. Cambridge, M.A. C.M.Z.S. | 187–207 |
| III.—Botany. ||||
| | XXXVII. | List of the Algæ of the Chatham Islands, collected by H. H. Travers, Esq., and examined by Professor John Agardh, of Lund. Communicated by Baron Ferd. von Mueller, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S., Hon, Mem, N.Z. Inst. | 208–210 |
| | XXXVIII. | Notes on the Flora of the Province of Wellington, with a List of Plants collected therein. By John Buchanan, of the Geological Survey of New Zealand | 210–235 |
| | XXXIX. | Descriptions of some New Zealand Lichens, collected by John Buchanan in the Province of Wellington. By James Stirton M.D., Glasgow. Communicated by John Buchanan | 235–241 |
| | XL. | On some New Species of New Zealand Plants. By John Buchanan | 241–244 ​ |
| | XLI. | Notice of an Undescribed Species of Cordyline. By Thomas Kirk, F.L.S. | 244–246 |
| | XLII. | On the New Zealand Forms of Cheilanthes. By T. Kirk, F.L.S. | 247–248 |
| | XLIII. | On the Spread of Cassinia leptophylla. By W. T. L. Travers, F.L.S. | 248–251 |
| IV.—Chemistry. ||||
| | XLIV. | Notes upon the Mineral Oils of New Zealand. By William Skey, Analyst to the Geological Survey of New Zealand | 252–259 |
| | XLV. | Further Report on the Chemistry of Phormium tenax. By Arthur Herbert Church, M.A.Oxon., Professor of Chemistry in the Royal Agricultural College at Cirencester, England | 260–271 |
| V.—Geology. ||||
| | XLVI. | On the Geological Structure of the Thames Gold Fields. By Capt. F. W. Hutton, F.G.S. | 272–283 |
| | XLVII. | On the Formation of Mountains; a Reply to the Rev. O. Fisher. By Capt. F. W. Hutton, F.G.S. | 284–290 |
| | XLVIII. | Port Nicholson an Ancient Fresh-water Lake. By J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. | 290–294 |
| | XLLX. | Notes on the Glacial Period. By A. D. Dobson, C.E. | 294–297 |
| | L. | On the Extinct Glaciers of the Middle Island of New Zealand. By W. T. L. Travers, F.L.S. | 297–309 |
| | LI. | On the Glacial Action and Terrace Formations of South New Zealand. By J. T. Thomson, F.R.G.S. | 309–332 |
| | LII. | On the Fossil Reptilia of New Zealand. By James Hector, M.D., F.R.S., Director of the Geological Suvey of New Zealand | 333–358 |
| | LIII. | On the Teeth of the Leiodon. By Charles Knight, F.R.C.S. | 358–363 |
PROCEEDINGS.
WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. :
| Anniversary Address of the President, Dr. Hector, F.R.S. | 367–376 |
| On the Occurrence of Selenium and Tellurium in the Neighbourhood of Wellington. By W. S. Hamilton | 376 |
| Notes on the Fixing of Sand-hills. By Wiliam Keene. Communicated by J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. | 376–377 |
| Notes respecting the recent Change in the Apex of Mount Cook. By Edmund Barff | 379–380 |
| Notes respecting a Hot Spring in the Bed of the Wataroa River, Westland. By W. H. Ralph | 380 |
| Notice of the Occurrence of a Red Spider among the Fruit Trees in the South, and the Disappearance of the Blight. By James Morton | 380–381 |
| Suggestions for the Conversion of Sawdust into Fuel. Communicated by J. C. Crawford, F.G.S. | 381–382 |
| On a new Lepyrodia. By Baron F. v. Mueller, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S., Hon. Mem. N.Z. Inst. | 384 |
| Notes of a Visit to White Island, in the course of a Trip made in H.M.S. "Basilisk." By the Rev. William Sewell, M.A. | 386–387 |
| Notes respecting the Moa Cave at Earnscleugh, Otago. By T. H. Cockburn Hood, F.G.S. | 387–388 |
| Notes on Sporadanthus, a new Genus of Plants from the Chatham Islands. By Baron F. v. Mueller, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S., Hon. Mem. N.Z. Inst. | 389 |
| Abstract Report of Council | 389–390 ​ |
| Election of Officers for 1874 | 390 |
| On the Durability of New Zealand Timber, with Suggestions for its Preservation. By John Buchanan | 390–391 |
| On Solar and Terrestrial Radiation. By C. Rous Marten, F.M.S. | 391–392 |
| AUCKLAND INSTITUTE. ||
| Abstract Report of the Council | 393 |
| Election of Officers for 1873 | 393 |
| Anniversary Address of the President, His Honour T. B. Gillies | 394–399 |
| Report on, and Analysis of, the Water with which it is proposed to Supply Shortland and Grahamstown. From the Colonial Laboratory. Communicated by His Honour the Superintendent | 399 |
| Remarks on Dr. Bastian's recent Work on the Beginnings of Life. By T. Heale | 400–401 |
| On Cosmography. By J. Leith | 401 |
| On Induction and the Necessary Truth. By the Rev. R. Kidd, LL.D. | 402 |
| Remarks on Mr. Leith's Paper on Cosmography. By T. Heale | 402 |
| Report on Samples of Stone from the Tokatea Tunnel. By Dr. Hector, F.R.S. Communicated by His Honour the Superintendent | 402–404 |
| Abstract Report of the Council | 405–406 |
| Election of Officers for 1874 | 406 |
| PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY. ||
| Anniversary Address of the President, Henry J. Tancred | 407–415 |
| On the Desirability of dedicating to the People of New Zealand small Areas of Ground, assimilating to the Village Greens of England. By F. E. Wright | 415–416 |
| Résumé of the Characters of the Family Epeiridæ. By Ll. Powell, M.D. | 417 |
| Note upon recently-described New Zealand Coleoptera. By C. M. Wakefield | 417 |
| Further Notes on recently-described New Zealand Coleoptera. By C. M. Wakefield | 418 |
| Abstract Report of the Council | 418 |
| Election of Officers for 1874 | 419 |
| Exhibition of a Skeleton of Aptornis by Dr. Haast | 419 |
| Anniversary Address of the President, Julius Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S. | 419–432 |
| OTAGO INSTITUTE. ||
| Remarks on the Whale Fishery in the South Seas | 433 |
| A Visit to Sandymount District, Otago Peninsula, and a brief Description of some of its more prominent Natural Features. By Peter Thomson | 434–435 |
| On the Skull of a Grampus killed by the Maoris at the Heads. By A. C. Purdie | 435–436 |
| Salmon Acclimatization in New Zealand. By W. Lauder Lindsay, M.D., F.R.S.E., Hon. Mem. N.Z. Inst. | 436–438 |
| Election of Officers for 1874 | 439–440 |
| On the Mythology and Traditions of the Maori in New Zealand. By the Rev. F. H. Wohlers | 440 |
| Anniversary Address of the President, J. T. Thomson, F.R.G.S. | 440–446 |
| Maori Traditions in the Native Language. By the Rev. F. H. Wohlers | 446 |
| On some Naturalized Plants of Otago. By G. M. Thomson | 446–447 |
| Remarks on Hepaticæ collected by Captain Hutton and Mr. Kirk. By Dr. S. Berggren | 447 |
| Note on a Sea Trout caught in Otago Harbour. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.G.S. | 447 ​ |
| NELSON ASSOCIATION. ||
| Election of Officers for 1874 | 449 |
| Note on a Green and Brown Spotted Lizard. By T. Mackay | 449 |
| NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE. ||
| Fifth Annual Report by the Board of Governors | 451–453 |
| Accounts of the New Zealand Institute | 453 |
| Address to His Excellency Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G. | 453–454 |
| Reply to Address | 454 |
APPENDIX.
| | PAGES |
| Meteorological Statistics of New Zealand for 1873 | xix–xxi |
| Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1873 | xxi |
| Comparative Abstract for 1873 and Previous Years | xxii |
| Notes on the Weather during 1873 | xxiii–xxiv |
| Philological Considerations on the Whence of the Maori. By J. T. Thomson, F.R.G.S. | xxv–lxv |
| On the Botany of Tahiti. (Author unknown.) Communicated by the Hon. W. B. D. Mantell, F.G.S. | lxvi–lxxx |
| Abstract of Lecture on New Guinea. By Captain Moresby, R.N., of H.M.S. "Basilisk" | lxxxi–lxxxix |
| A Catalogue of the Neuropterous Insects of New Zealand; with Notes and Descriptions of new Forms. By Robert McLachlan, F.L.S. (Reprinted from Ann. aud Mag. N. H., July, 1873, p. 30 et seq.) | xc–xcix |
| Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute | c |
| Ordinary Members | c–cvi |
| Errata et Addenda | iii |
| Contents | v–ix |
| List of Plates | x |
| Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute | xi |
| Abstracts of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute | xi–xiii |
| List of Incorporated Societies | xiv |
| Officers of Incorporated Societies and Extracts from the Rules | xiv–xvi |
ILLUSTRATIONS.
| | | TO FACE PAGE |
| I. | J. T. Thomson,—Rainitsoutsoraka | xxxvi |
| II. | {{{1}}}„Map illustrating "Whence of the Maori" | xxx |
| III. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | lviii |
| IV. | George.—Wellington Patent Slip | 16 |
| V. | Firth.—Boiler Felting H. Skey.—Smokeless Furnace | 32 |
| VI. | Cambridge.—Macrothele huttonii, Cambridgea fasciata | 204 |
| VII. | Haast.—Harpagornis moorei | 64 |
| VIII. | {{{1}}}„ Harpagornis assimilis | 68 |
| IX. | {{{1}}}„ Harpagornis moorei | 72 |
| X. | Hector.—Cnemiomis calcitrans | 76 |
| XI. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 78 |
| XII. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 80 |
| XIII. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 84 |
| XIV. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 80 |
| XIV.A. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 82 |
| XV. | Haast.—Euphysetes pottsii | 98 |
| XV.A. | Hector.—Mesoplodon hectori | 86 |
| XVI. | Gray.—Macleayius australiensis | 90 |
| XVII. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 90 |
| XVIII. | Haast.—Cheimarrichthys fosteri Hector.—Motella novæ-zealandiæ Hutton.—Lotella rhacinus, Gasterochisma melampus, Odax vittatus | 104 |
| XIX. | {{{1}}}„ Leptoscopus macropygus, Leptoscopus angusticeps, Rhombosolea tapirina | 104 |
| XX. | {{{1}}}„ Cabalus (Rallus) modestus | 108 |
| XXI. | Buller.—Ardetta maculata | 120 |
| XXII. | Buchanan.—Senecio robusta, Rubus parva | 240 |
| XXIII. | {{{1}}}„ Senecio hectori | 244 |
| XXIV. | Knight.—Leiodon haumuriensis | 360 |
| XV. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 360 |
| XXVI. | {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ | 362 |
| XXVII. | Hector.—Plesiosaurus australis, Polycotylus tenuis | 338 |
| XXVIII. | {{{1}}}„ Plesiosaurus crassicostatus, Plesiosaurus hoodii | 344 |
| XXIX. | {{{1}}}„ Mauisaurus haastii | 348 |
| XXX. | {{{1}}}„ Leiodon haumuriensis | 352 |
| XXXI. | {{{1}}}„ Taniwhasaurus oweni | 354 |
ERRATA ET ADDENDA.
| PAGE |
| 64, | in the table under Aquila audax, for 8.20 read 8.02 |
| 64, | {{{1}}}„ {{{1}}}„ {{{1}}}„ {{{1}}}„ and p. 65, line 9, for 22.03 read 21.85 |
| 66, | {{{1}}}„ 8 from bottom, for proximal read procnemial. |
| 69, | {{{1}}}„ 4, for ridges read calcaneal ridges. |
| 70, | {{{1}}}„ 3 from bottom, for shorter read stouter. |
| 75, | in the table, for Metatarsus read Fibula, and insert " 5–6. Metatarsus of H. moorei." |
| 76, | {{{1}}}„ {{{1}}}„ transpose Weight and Bulk. |
| 85, | line 14, for curved read convex. |
| 130, | {{{1}}}„ 13 from bottom, add "He has since repeated this error in bis 'Catalogue,' by stating (p. 11) that Certhiparus novæ-zealandiæ inhabits both islands." |
| 183, | {{{1}}}„ 3, for January, 1874, read July, 1873. |
| 319, | {{{1}}}„ 22, for 6,000 read 1,000. |
| 320, | {{{1}}}„ 15, for Reid's read Roses'. |
| 323, | in the second table, for Liang read Leaning. |
| 331, | line 14, for of read by. |
| 334, | {{{1}}}„22, for Liodon read Leiodon; also on pp. 336, 338. |
| 350, | for Mauisaurus latibrachialis read M. brachiolatus. |
| 385, | line 13 from bottom, omit the second "by." |
| xxxvii., | in the table, line 8, for the first "munga" read manga; for the second read mangu. |
| xliii., | line 19 from bottom, omit Mu. |
| xliii., | {{{1}}}„10 {{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ under Kau add Mu. |
| lii., | {{{1}}}„32, for dun read dan. |
| liv., | {{{1}}}„12, or of read on. |
| lv., | {{{1}}}„8 from bottom, for ubah read uba. |
| lvi., | {{{1}}}„12 and 19, for Crawford read Crawfurd. |
| lxi., | {{{1}}}„26, for karana read karaua. |
| lxvi., | {{{1}}}„5 from bottom, for Garlandinea read Guillanina. |
| lxxiii., | {{{1}}}„12 for oullana read orellana. |
ERRATA.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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