OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dolben, John (1684-1756)

​DOLBEN, Sir JOHN (1684–1756), divine, born at the archiepiscopal palace of Bishopthorpe, near York, on 12 Feb. 1683–4, was the only son of Sir Gilbert Dolben [q. v.], a judge of the common pleas in Ireland, by his wife Anne, eldest daughter and coheiress of Tanfield Mulso of Finedon, Northamptonshire. John Dolben, archbishop of York [q. v.], was his grandfather. Admitted on the foundation of Westminster in 1700, he was nominated a canon's student of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1702, and was there a pupil of Dr. John Freind, proceeded B.A. on 22 Jan. 1704, M.A. on 8 July 1707, and accumulated the degrees in divinity on 6 July 1717. He was collated to the sixth stall at Durham on 2 April 1718, and to the eleventh (‘golden’) stall in that cathedral on 17 July 1719 (Le Neve, Fasti, ed. Hardy, iii. 314, 319); in the last-named year he became rector of Burton Latimer and vicar of Finedon, Northamptonshire (Bridges, Northamptonshire, ed. Whalley, ii. 224, 260). On 22 Oct. 1722 he succeeded his father as second baronet, was elected visitor of Balliol College, Oxford, on 22 June 1728, in succession to Dr. Henry Brydges, and was also subdean of the queen's chapel. To Dolben Anthony Alsop [q. v.] inscribed the poems numbered v, vi, x, xv, xviii, xx, xxi, xxiv, in the second book of his Latin odes (4to, London, 1752, pp. 40–4, 50–3, 64–6, 69–71, 72–6, 79–80); two other odes occur at pp. 97 and 139 of the manuscript additions in the copy in the British Museum. He also maintained a warm friendship with Atterbury, and for some time after the bishop's banishment appears to have paid him an annuity (Atterbury, Correspondence, ed. Nichols, 1789–98, ​ii. 379, 402, iii. 23, v. 107, 308). He died at Finedon on 20 Nov. 1756, aged 73, and was buried there. He married the Hon. Elizabeth Digby, second daughter of William, lord Digby, who died a Aix in Provence, 4 Nov. 1730. His portrait by M. Dahl is in Christ Church Hall. He published 'A Sermon [on Heb. xiii. 1] preach'd before the Sons of the Clergy,' 4to, London, 1726.
His only surviving son, William, who died at the age of eighty-eight on 20 March 1814, represented Oxford University during seven parliaments from 1768 till 1806, when he retired. He always gave his steady support to Wilberforce's measures for the abolition of the slave trade. His portrait by M. Brown is at Christ Church (Chester, Reg. of Westminster Abbey, pp. 52, 18 n.)
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dolben, Gilbert

​DOLBEN, Sir GILBERT (1658–1722), judge, eldest son of John Dolben [q. v.], archbishop of York, born in 1658, was educated at Westminster School and at Oxford, taking, however, no degree, and was called to the bar of the Inner Temple in 1681. He sat for Ripon in the parliament of 1685, and for Peterborough in the Convention parliament of 1688–9. In the debate on the state of the nation (January 1689) he argued with great force that the conduct of the king in quitting the realm amounted to an abdication. He represented Peterborough from 1689 to 1698 and from 1700 to 1710, usually supporting the tories. He opposed Fenwick's attainder in 1696, on the ground that his conduct, though treasonable, was not heinous enough to justify parliamentary proceedings, but ought to be tried by a court of law. He was appointed a puisne judge in the court of common pleas in Ireland in 1701. In the debate on the Aylesbury election case (Ashby v. White) in 1704, he supported the claim of the House of Commons to exclusive jurisdiction in all questions arising out of elections. He was created a baronet in 1704, and elected a bencher of his inn in 1706, and reader in 1708. In 1710 and 1713 he was returned to parliament for Yarmouth, Isle of Wight. Concerning his life in Ireland little is known except that he was on bad terms with the Earl of Wharton during that nobleman's viceroyalty. He retired from the bench in 1720, and died 22 Oct. 1722. He cherished scholarly tastes; Dryden mentions in the postscript to his translation of the ‘Æneid’ that Dolben had made him a ‘noble present of all the several editions of Virgil, and all the commentaries of these editions in Latin.’ Dolben married Anne, eldest daughter of Tanfield Mulso of Finedon, Northamptonshire, by whom he had one son, John [q. v.], who succeeded to the title.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dogherty, Thomas

​DOGHERTY, THOMAS (d. 1805), legal writer, was an Irishman of humble origin, educated at a country school, who removed to England, and became clerk to Mr. Foster Bower, an eminent pleader. After passing upwards of sixteen years in this capacity, studying law industriously, and making from his master's manuscripts, and those of Sir Joseph Yates and Sir Thomas Davenport, vast collections of precedents and notes, he, on Bower's advice, became a member of Gray's Inn and special pleader about 1785. For some years he held the office of clerk of indictments on the Chester circuit. He wore himself out with hard work, and died at his chambers in Clifford's Inn 29 Sept. 1805, leaving a large family ill provided for. He wrote, in 1787, the ‘Crown Circuit Assistant,’ in 1790 and 1799 edited the sixth and seventh editions of the ‘Crown Circuit Companion,’ and in 1800 brought out an edition of Hale's ‘Pleas of the Crown.’
J. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Doherty, John

​DOHERTY, JOHN (1783–1850), chief justice of Ireland, born in 1783, son of John Doherty of Dublin, was educated in Trinity College, where he graduated B.A. 1806, and LL.D. 1814. He was called to the Irish bar in 1808, joining the Leinster circuit, and received his silk gown in 1823. His progress in the legal profession was not rapid, though he was generally allowed to be a man of very clear intellect, with great powers of wit and oratory. From 1824 to 1826 he was representative in parliament for the borough of New Ross, county Wexford; and at the general election in the latter year he was returned, by the influence of the Ormonde family, for the city of Kilkenny, in opposition to Pierce Somerset Butler. He became solicitor-general on 18 June 1827, during the administration of Canning, to whom he was related on his mother's side, and was re-elected for Kilkenny against the same opponent as before; in 1828 was elected a bencher of the King's Inns, Dublin; from July to Dec. 1830 was M.P. for Newport, Cornwall; and on 23 Dec. 1830 was appointed lord chief justice of the common pleas, with a seat in the privy council, on the promotion of Lord Plunket to the lord chancellorship of Ireland. As a judge he was calm and painstaking, but his knowledge of law was not thought to be profound. He was more in his element in the House of Commons, and there he became a successful debater, taking a leading part on all Irish questions, and gaining the commendation of such men as Brougham, Wilberforce, and Manners Sutton. He had a commanding figure, a fine voice, elegant diction, and great fluency. His encounters in the house with O'Connell were frequent. He especially distinguished himself against O'Connell in the debate on ‘the Doneraile conspiracy,’ 15 May 1830. An overwhelming majority pronounced in his favour, and Lord Althorp and other good judges of the question expressed their firm conviction of the injustice of the charges advanced against him. Sir Robert Peel in 1834 wished him to retire from the judicial bench, with the view of resuming his position in the house, and subsequently a rumour very widely prevailed of his own anxiety to try his debating powers in the House of Lords. Unsuccessful speculations in railways suddenly deprived him of a large fortune, and he never fairly rallied from the consequent depression. He died at Beaumaris, North Wales, 8 Sept. 1850.
B. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Dolben, David

​DOLBEN, DAVID (1581–1633), bishop of Bangor, born in 1581 at Segrwyd, near Denbigh, was of a respectable family of some position, whose names constantly occur in the municipal and commercial records of that town. His father's name was Robert Wynn Dolben. In 1602 he was admitted into St. John's College, Cambridge, where he still remained in 1606, when he wrote some verses on the death of a former fellow, Sir Edward Lewknor. In 1609 he proceeded master of arts. On 18 Jan. 1618 he was appointed vicar of Hackney in Middlesex, which benefice he held until May 1633. In 1621 he was made vicar of Llangerniew in his native county. In 1625 he became prebendary of Vaynol, or the golden prebend, in the cathedral of St. Asaph, a post he held until 1633, just before his death. In 1626 he was sworn capital burgess of Denbigh. In 1627 he became doctor of divinity. Towards the end of 1631 he was appointed bishop of Bangor. He was elected on 18 Nov., and the temporalities restored on the same day. He was consecrated on 4 March 1631-2 by Archbishop Abbot at Lambeth, on which occasion he distributed four pounds to the archbishop's servants. A Mr. Austin preached the sermon. Dolben was, however, in failing health. In June 1633 hunters after bishoprics declared that he was 'crazy and very sickly,' and intrigued for the succession to his post. In the autumn of the same year he was seized with a mortal sickness at the town house of his see in Shoe Lane, Holborn, where he died on 27 Nov. He was buried ​in Hackney parish church, where his monument, containing a half-length statue and a eulogistic description of him, still remains. On 11 Nov., just before his death, he left 30l. to repair the 'causeway or path that runs from Hackney Church to Shoreditch, for the benefit of the poorest sort of people, that maintain their livelihood by the carriage of burdens to the city of London.' The surplus was to be devoted to the poor of the parish in which most of his active life was spent. He also left 20l. to buy Hebrew books for St. John's College Library. His successor as bishop, Edward Griffith, dean of Bangor, was recommended by Dolben himself for the post. Dr. Dolben, archbishop of York, belonged to the same family, to which Archbishop Williams was also related.
T. F. T.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pelham, Thomas (1650?-1712)

​PELHAM, THOMAS, fourth Baronet and first Baron Pelham (1650?–1712), eldest son of Sir John Pelham, third baronet, by Lady Lucy, second daughter of Robert Sidney, second earl of Leicester of that name, was born about 1650. He was returned to parliament for East Grinstead, Sussex, on 25 Oct. 1678, and retained the seat until 13 Aug. 1679, when he was returned for Lewes. He continued to represent Lewes until July 1702, when, being doubly returned, he elected to sit for the county of Sussex. Pelham belonged to the whig party, and held office as commissioner of customs from 20 April 1689 to 24 March 1691, and as lord commissioner of the treasury from 18 March 1689–90 to 21 March 1690–1, again from 1 May 1698 to 1 June 1699, and from 29 March 1701 to 8 May 1702. He succeeded his father as fourth baronet in January 1702–3, was sworn in as vice-admiral of the coast of Sussex on 21 May 1705, and by letters patent, dated 16 Dec. 1706, was created Baron Pelham of Laughton, and took his seat in the House of Lords accordingly (30 Dec). He died at his seat, Halland Place, Sussex, on 23 Feb. 1711–12. His remains were interred (8 March) in the chancel of Laughton parish church.
Pelham married twice, viz.: (1) Elizabeth (d. 1681), daughter of Sir William Jones, attorney-general to Charles II; (2) Lady Grace (d. 1700), youngest daughter of Gilbert Holles, third earl of Clare. By his first wife he had issue, two daughters only, viz.: Lucy (d. 1689), and Elizabeth (married in July 1698 to Charles, second Viscount Townshend [q. v.], died 11 May 1711). By his second wife he had issue two sons, viz.: Thomas, who succeeded him [see Pelham-Holles, Thomas, Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Newcastle-under-Lyme], and Henry [see Pelham, Henry, 1695?–1754], and five daughters: (1) Grace (d. 1710), wife of George Naylor of Hurstmonceaux, York herald; (2) Frances (d. 1756), to Christopher Wandesford, viscount Castlecomer; (3) Gertrude, to David Polhill of Otford, Kent; (4) Lucy, to Henry Clinton, earl of Lincoln (afterwards Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne) [q. v.]; and (5) Margaret, to Sir John Shelley of Mitchelgrove, Sussex.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pelham, Herbert

​PELHAM, HERBERT (1600–1673), colonist, born probably in Sussex, but possibly in Lincolnshire, in 1600, was the eldest son of Herbert Pelham and Penelope, a younger daughter of Thomas West, second lord De la Warr. He must be carefully distinguished from a very distant relative, Herbert, son of Sir William Pelham, fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, who was born in 1602. The colonist, who was at no university, was brought up as a country gentleman. His uncle, Thomas Pelham, was a member of the Virginia Company, and Herbert Pelham and a younger brother William interested themselves in projects of colonisation.
In 1629 Pelham joined the Massachusetts Company. It would appear from Winthrop's ‘Journal’ that he arranged to sail with Winthrop for Massachusetts in the Arabella on Easter Monday 1630, but, though the younger brother went, Herbert did not actually go out till later, possibly 1635. There he became a freeman of the company, a prominent citizen, and a captain of the militia. He took an active part in the settlement of Sudbury, and later resided at Cambridge, where, in 1640, he and his family narrowly escaped being burnt to death with their house. He was made the first treasurer of Harvard College in 1643. In the following year he seems to have been in England; but, returning to the colony, became a member of the court of assistants in 1645. In 1646 he was one of the commissioners of the United Colonies for arranging a treaty with the Narragansett and Niantic Indians. In 1647 he seems to have returned to England for good, residing at Bures in Essex for some years, and interesting himself in the endeavour to form a society for the religious instruction of the Indians. Ultimately he removed to Suffolk, where he died on 1 July 1673. His property, according to his will, lay chiefly in Lincolnshire, Ireland, and Massachusetts Bay; he was heir to his younger brother, who died before him, in August 1667.
Pelham married, first, Jemima, daughter of Thomas Waldegrave, who died before his emigration; secondly, in 1638, in New England, Elizabeth, daughter of Godfrey Basseville or Bosvile of Gunthwaite, Yorkshire, and widow of Roger Harlakenden. By each wife he had five children. His daughter Penelope was wife of Josiah Winslow. It was his sister Penelope who married Governor Richard Bellingham [q. v.]
C. A. H.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pelham, John Thomas

​PELHAM, JOHN THOMAS, D.D. (1811–1894), bishop of Norwich, fourth son of Thomas, second earl of Chichester [q. v.], by Lady Mary Henrietta Juliana, eldest daughter of Francis Godolphin, fifth duke of Leeds, was born on 21 June 1811. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he matriculated on 5 June 1829, graduated B.A. in 1832, and proceeded M.A. and D.D. in 1857. He was ordained deacon by the bishop of London (Blomfield) in 1834, and placed in sole charge of the parish of Eastergate in the diocese of Chichester, where he laid the foundations of a lifelong friendship with Cardinal Manning; subsequently he was instituted on 23 May 1837 to the rectory of Bergh Apton, Norfolk, which he held until 1852. In 1847 he was made honorary canon of Norwich Cathedral, and chaplain to the queen, and in 1852 perpetual curate of Christ Church, Hampstead. In 1855, on the recommendation of Lord Palmerston, he was instituted to the crown living of St. Marylebone, Middlesex, and in 1857 was consecrated, on 30 April, to the see of Norwich, vacant by the resignation of Bishop Hinds. His preferment is understood to have been due to the influence of Lord Shaftesbury. The consecration ceremony was performed by Archbishop Sumner and Bishops Tait and Sumner. His episcopate lasted more than thirty-six years, a longer term than that of any of his predecessors, except Bishop Le Spencer [q. v.], who held the see from 1370 to 1406, and was rendered memorable by a marked revival of christian life and discipline. At once zealous and judicious, and an excellent organiser, Pelham was indefatigable in parochial visitation, and applied a gentle but effectual stimulus to the dormant energies of honorary canons and rural deans. He also provided by means of a diocesan church association for the building and restoration of churches, parsonages, and schools throughout the diocese, and in 1879 he instituted a diocesan conference which has met regularly from that date. Though a strong evangelical, he viewed the high-church movement without marked disfavour. He advocated the reform of convocation by the consolidation of the provinces of Canterbury and York, a readjustment of the proportion of ex officio to elected members, and an extension of the franchise to all licensed clergymen in priest's orders. He also formed a scheme for the augmentation of small benefices at the expense of episcopal emoluments. Early in 1893 Pelham resigned the see, and retired to Thorpe, a suburb of Norwich, where he died suddenly on 1 May 1894.
Pelham married, on 6 Nov. 1845, Henrietta (d. 31 Dec. 1893), second daughter of Thomas William Tatton of Wythenshawe Hall, Cheshire, by whom he left issue three sons and one daughter. His eldest son, Henry Francis Pelham, holds the chair of ancient history at Oxford.
J. M. R.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Pelham, Peter

​PELHAM, PETER (d. 1751), mezzotint-engraver, son of Peter Pelham of Chichester, was born, according to Redgrave, about 1684, but more probably some ten years later. His father died at Chichester in 1756, aged over eighty, and a sister Helen was living there in 1762. The earliest date on his plates is 1720, and between that year and 1726 he produced a number of excellent portraits, which were published in London, some of them by himself; these include Queen Anne, Lord Carteret, Lord Wilmington, George I, and the Duke of Newcastle, after Kneller; Oliver Cromwell, after Walker; the Earl of Derby, after Winstanley; Lord Molesworth, and Dr. Edmund Gibson, bishop of London, after Murray; James Gibb, the architect, after Huyssing or Hysing; and Mrs. Cent​livre, after Firmin. In 1726 Pelham emigrated to America with his wife Martha and two sons, Peter and Charles, and settled at Boston, where he established a school, in which were taught writing, reading, dancing, painting, and needlework, and practised both as painter and engraver until the end of his life; he was the earliest artist resident in America, and his portrait of the Rev. Cotton Mather, published in 1727, is believed to have been the first mezzotint plate ever executed there. Pelham's American prints, of which thirteen are catalogued by Chaloner Smith, comprise portraits of the Rev. Charles Brockwell; Thomas Hollis, after Highmore; Benjamin Colman, Joseph Sewall, and Governor W. Shirley, all after Smibert. In 1748 Pelham married, at Boston, as his second wife, Mary Copley, widow of Richard Copley and daughter of John Singleton of Quinville Abbey, co. Clare, and thus became the stepfather and first instructor of John Singleton Copley [q. v.], the painter. Mrs. Copley appears to have kept a tobacco store, which was added to the already varied attractions of the Pelham establishment. He died in December 1751, and was buried on the 14th of that month at Trinity Church, Boston; his widow survived him until 1789. Of his sons by his first wife, Peter Pelham settled in 1749 in Virginia, William Pelham died at Boston in 1761, and Charles Pelham became a schoolmaster at Medford in Massachusetts, purchased land at Newton in the same state, married Mary Tyler, niece of Sir William Pepperell, and left a daughter, married to Thomas Curtis, and mother of Charles Pelham Curtis.
By his second marriage he had a son, Henry Pelham (1749–1806), who painted historical subjects and miniatures, and exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1777 and 1778, when he was residing in London with his half-brother, Copley; later he went to Ireland, intending to practise as an engineer, became agent of Lord Lansdowne's estates in Kerry, and was accidentally drowned in the Kenmare river in 1806. He was married to the daughter of William Butler of Castlecrine, co. Clare, but left no surviving issue. A good mezzotint plate by W. Ward of ‘The Finding of Moses,’ from a picture by Henry Pelham, was published in 1787. The first picture sent by Copley to England, ‘ A Boy with a Squirrel,’ was a portrait of Henry Pelham.
F. M. O'D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mackail, Matthew

​MACKAIL or MACKAILLE, MATTHEW (fl. 1657–1696), medical writer, was son of Hew or Hugh Mackail. The father, who was appointed minister of Percietown in 1633, of Irvine in 1642, and in 1649 of Trinity College Church, Edinburgh, where he died in March 1660, was member of the commissions of assemblies in 1645, 1647, and 1649. Matthew's mother was Sibilla Stevenson, who died in 1665 or 1666 (Hew Scott, Fasti Eccl. Scot. pt. i. p. 31, pt. iii. pp. 153, 165). Matthew became an apothecary and burgess of Edinburgh. In 1657 he was employed in London by James Sharp, afterwards archbishop of St. Andrews, to write papers on church matters in Scotland. When his cousin, Hugh Mackail [q. v.], was imprisoned as a covenanter in Edinburgh Tolbooth in 1666, he made persistent appeals to Archbishop Sharp in behalf of the prisoner, and afterwards repeated them to Archbishop Burnet of Glasgow. Mackail subsequently practised medicine at Aberdeen. He received the degree of M.D. from the university and King's College there on 14 July 1696. A note in the register states 'hic chirurgus Aberdonensis scriptis innotescit.'
Mackail was author of the following works : 1. 'Descriptio topographico-spagyrica Fontium mineralium Moffatensium in Annandia Scotiæ,' 8vo, Edinburgh, 1659. 2. 'Moffet-Well . . . translated ... as also the Oyly-Well ... at St. Catharines Chappel ... To these is subjoined a Character of Mr. Culpepper and his Writings,' 8vo, Edinburgh, 1664. 3. 'Noli me tangere tactum, seu tractatulus de Cancri curatione,' 8vo, Rotterdam, 1675. 4. 'Macis macerata; or a short Treatise concerning the use of Mace,' 12mo, Aberdeen, 1677. 5. 'The Diversitie of Salts and Spirits maintained ... by way of Animadversions upon Dr. D. Coxe his 3 Papers . . . insert in the 9 vol. of the "Philosophical Transactions," as also Scurvie Alchymie discovered,' 12mo, Aberdeen, 1683. 6. 'Terræ ​prodromus theoricus' [a criticism of Burnet's 'Theory of the Earth'], 4to, Aberdeen, 1691.
A son, also Matthew Mackail (d. 1734), was admitted a student at Leyden on 9 Dec. 1712 (Peacock, Leyden Students, Index Soc, p. 63). On 8 Oct. 1717 he was admitted second 'mediciner' or professor of medicine in the Marischal College and University, Aberdeen, in place of Dr. Patrick Chalmers, expelled for participation in the rebellion of '15. On 25 Nov. 1729 he was admitted 'regent' or professor of philosophy in the same college. Some objection seems to have been raised to his holding the two offices conjointly. His inaugural discourse, as professor of philosophy, delivered on 4 Dec. 1729, was ' on the connection and difference betwixt the Atomick or Copernican and the Newtonian Philosophy.'
[Robertson's Book of Bon Accord, p. 320; Fasti Aberdonenses, p. 552; Memoirs of W. Veitch, edited by McCrie, pp. 35-7; Brit. Mus. Cat.; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; information from P. J. Anderson, Esq., of Aberdeen.]