OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Captain Black (Pemberton)/Foreword
### FOREWORD

It is nineteen years since Captain Black first sailed from Spezzia upon the Nameless Ship, and taught the world the meaning of the new piracy. A gigantic hull of phosphor bronze harboured the gas-engines by which the great vessel was driven; an inlet upon the shores of Greenland, known as Ice Haven, received the treasure and the ship when the Governments of the world awoke to the truth. Black and his men fell by a great mischance, and rumour said that he was dead. The ship that he built, then derided by the experts, is the ship of the new century, and the yards are already resounding with the bruit of a copy which shall be driven by oil-engines and banish steam from the high seas.
The Nameless Ship was sunk in the Atlantic; but the man who commanded her did not die. Just as, twenty years ago, he taught the experts what the naval battle of the future must be, so now it is possible that they may learn a further lesson from this new record of his daring. Possessed of a submarine, which would seem to embody the dreams of the scientist, the great Captain sails the seas to-day. Whatever mad impulse may lie at the back of his emprise, whatever gospel of plunder may excuse his assault upon the commerce of the world, the fact remains that no wit has yet been able to ensnare him, no ship to make him captive.
Deep down in the heart of the ocean, the pirate lies. The dogged persistence of the youth, Mark Strong, whose life the Captain spared, has permitted this further account of him to come into my hands. It is the story of the treasure which Black amassed when the Nameless Ship was the mistress of the ocean and the cities echoed the seamen's fables and learned at last that they were true. At the bidding of one man's voice, the nineteenth century came to understand the peril of the deep as the seventeenth century had known it. Shall we say, while Black lives, that our own age has less to fear from such a menace and may despise it?
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Meyer, Adolf

Edition of 1920. See also Adolf Meyer (psychiatrist) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
MEYER, mī'ĕr, Adolf, American pathologist and alienist: b. Niederwenigen, near Zürich, Switzerland, 13 Sept. 1866. He was educated at Zürich, Paris, London, Edinburgh, Vienna and Berlin, and came to the United States in 1892. He was honorary Fellow and docent at the University of Chicago in 1892-95, and pathologist to the Illinois Eastern Hospital for the Insane at Kankakee in 1893-95. He was pathologist and later director of the clinical and laboratory work at the Worcester, Mass., Insane Hospital and docent in psychiatry at Clark University in 1895-1902. He was director of the Pathological Institute at the New York State Hospital in 1902-10; professor of psychiatry al the Cornell University Medical College in 1904-09; and since 1910 has been processor of psychiatry and director of the Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic at Johns Hopkins University. He is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, served as president of the New York Psychiatric Society and has contributed to scientific periodicals.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Meyer, Adolf Bernhard

Edition of 1920. See also Adolf Bernard Meyer on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
MEYER, Adolf Bernhard, German zoologist and anthropologist: b. Hamburg, 11 Oct. 1840; d. Dresden, 22 Aug. 1911. He was educated at the universities of Göttingen, Vienna, Zürich and Berlin, later making explorations in the Malays and in the Philippines. He was director of the Royal Museum of Natural History at Dresden from 1874 until his retirement in 1905. Author of ‘Abbildungen von Vogelskeletten’ (1879-95); ‘Publikationen des königlichenethnographischen museums zu Dresden’ (1881-1903); ‘Album von Philippinentypen’ (1885-1904); ‘Amerikanische Bibliotheken und ihre Bestrebungen’ (1906); ‘Römerstadt Agunt’ (1908), etc.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Meriden

Edition of 1920. See also Meriden, Connecticut on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
MERIDEN, Conn., city, in New Haven County, on branches of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, about midway between Hartford and New Haven. Originally the town of Meriden was a part of Wallingford until 1806, when the town of Meriden was incorporated. In 1867 it was granted a city charter. It is situated in an agricultural region, but the city is noted for its large number of manufactories. Some of the principal manufactures are cutlery, silver and plated ware, steel pens, hardware, machinery, screws, vises, glassware, cut glass, malleable iron, bronzes, firearms, brass castings, curtain fixtures, gas and kerosene fixtures, self-playing attachments for pianos and organs, woodenware, tinware, granite, agateware, lamp trimmings, etc. The shipments are principally manufactured
articles,cles, fruit, vegetables and tobacco. The educational institutions are the public and parish schools, a high school and the Curtis Memorial Library. It has the Curtis Home for Orphan Children and Aged Women, the Connecticut School for Boys and the Meriden Hospital. The government is administered under a charter of 1897. The mayor, who holds office two years, appoints fire and park commissioners, board of taxation and apportionment, police and board of public works. The council elects the health officer, board of compensation, tax collector, plumbing inspector, boiler inspector and fire marshal. The treasurer, sheriff, clerk and auditor are chosen by popular vote. Pop. 31,000.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Meridian, Expedition to

Edition of 1920. See also Meridian Expedition on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer. A poor scan for this page made parts difficult to decypher.
MERIDIAN (Miss.), Expedition to. In January 1864 General Sherman concentrated two divisions of 10,000 each at Vicksburg under Generals McPherson and Hurlbut, and 3 February marched eastward with the purpose of destroying Meridian, 150 miles distant, as a railroad centre, and possibly penetrating to Selma, Ala., or, if the opposing forces did not seem too strong at Mobile, to turn southward from Meridian and attempt the capture of that city. Gen. Sooy Smith was to co-operate with a cavalry force from Memphis; General Dodge, in command at Pulaski, Tenn., was to hold Logan at Bellefonte, Ala., for a diversion toward Rome, Ga.; and General Thomas was to demonstrate toward Dalton to prevent troops being sent by General Johnston to Sherman's front. Sherman entered Jackson on the 6th,
after heavy skirmishing with cavalry. Decatur was reached on the 12th. Meridian was taken the 14th, the Confederate force, under Gen. Leonidas Polk, being much less than Sherman's, withdrawing toward Demopolis. The arsenal, extensive storehouses and cantonments were burned. The work of destroying the railroads centring at Meridian began on the 16th, ? miles being rendered utterly useless to the north and east and 55 miles toward Mobile. This destruction was of the most systematic and thorough character; 10,000 men worked at it for five days; 61 bridges and culverts and more than a mile of trestles over swamps were burned; all rails were renderd useless. This object of the expedition was fully gained as Meridian was not wholly restored as a railroad centre during the war. Thereafter, the transporting of supplies eastward from the State of Mississippi was seriously interrupted for a long time and was greatly impeded up to the close of the war, while all military operations which required railroad facilities were rendered extremely difficult.
The expedition, however, was not as successful as had been hoped. The Confederates by the exercise of great energy in the face of many difficulties, so strengthened Mobile as to forbid an advance in that direction. Sherman, not receiving the cavalry support under Gen. Sooy Smith which he had reason to expect from Memphis, was unable to push on to Selma, Ala., one of the great manufacturing cities and storehouses for military supplies of the Confederacy. Smith, in turn, had been unavoidably detained, and Sherman returned to Vicksburg, reaching its vicinity 26 February. His command had marched between 300 and 400 miles, had crossed Mississippi and inflicted well-nigh irreparable military damage; but had been prevented from carrying out his full program by Confederate activity in assembling forces in his extreme front.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Merlin (falcon)

MERLIN, or STONE-FALCON, a small and handsome European falcon (Æsalon regulus) prevailingly blue, known throughout the temperate parts of the old world, and very similar to the American pigeon-hawk (q.v.). It is fierce and courageous, and is trained in falcony for the pursuit of the birds that form its natural prey.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Merchant of Venice, The

Edition of 1920. See also Merchant of Venice on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
MERCHANT OF VENICE, The. ‘The Merchant of Venice,’ entered in the stationer’s register in 1598, and published in quarto form in 1600, was written about 1594 or 1595. Several stories that had long had currency in the world—notably the story of the caskets as a device for the choice of suitors by a wealthy heiress, and the bond story of the rich Jew and his debtor—are happily blended in this play, and thereto are added the story of the rings, the romantic minor plot of Lorenzo and Jessica, and the comic character of Launcelot Gobbo. Shakespeare never constructed a better plot, or one better calculated to win popular approval. It meets every demand of stage-management. Although the two main incidents—the choice of the caskets and the pound of flesh—are almost childishly absurd, they are made to seem probable and even natural by the romantic atmosphere in which the characters move. Whether walking the streets of Venice or watching the moonlight sleep sweetly upon the banks of fair Belmont, we breathe the air of the Renaissance in Italy. All the characters fit in perfectly with this background except Shylock. Unquestionably to an Elizabethean audience the impression made by him was partly humorous and not at all typical. With his huge nose and the red wig of the traditional Judas he was fair game, not only for the characters in the play, but for those in the pit. His practice of usury and his Jewish qualities rendered him the legitimate object of hatred and ridicule—his passionate words of rage only increased the laughter of an Elizabethean audience. While Shakespeare gave sufficient ground for this interpretation of the character, he has so humanized him as to produce a different effect on a modern audience. His famous words, “Hath not a Jew eyes, etc.,” are an instinctive protest against race hatred and in favor of social sympathy. Whatever may be doubtful in the interpretation of Shylock, there is none in the interpretation of Portia. There is no better illustration of the power with which Shakespeare transformed his material than in the change of Portia from “a piratical and widowed siren, who persuades merchants to stake their all against her hand that they will possess her person, and who then drugs them at supper” into one of the most charming characters of all times. Her beauty of person, brilliancy of intellect, nobility of soul, and gift of poetical expression, all combine to produce an effect not surpassed by any other creation of the dramatist. She is the bond of union between the casket story and the pound of flesh story, and all the other characters group themselves naturally about her. The concluding scene of the play at Belmont, after the excitement of the trial scene and the disappearance of the sinister character Shylock, is one of the supreme passages of poetry in the language—almost magical in its beauty of background and expression.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Meridian (Miss.)

Edition of 1920. See also Meridian, Mississippi on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
MERIDIAN, Miss., city, county-seat of Lauderdale County, on Alabama and Vicksburg, Alabama Great Southern, Meridian and Memphis, Mobile and Ohio, New Orleans and Northeastern and Southern railroads. It is the largest city in Mississippi in population, manufactures and commerce, surrounded by fertile farm land of which cotton and vegetables are the chief agricultural products. Among numerous industrial establishments are lumber mills, fertilizer factories, cotton-seed-oil mills, cotton mills, cotton compresses and railroad shops. The annual wholesale trade is $20,000,000; the average annual bank clearings approximate $17,000,000. Meridian is the seat of the East Mississippi Female College (M. E.), founded in 1867 and opened in 1869, the Lincoln School (Congregational), the Meridian Academy (Methodist Episcopal South), both for colored students, a Catholic high school and Saint Aloysius Academy for Girls. Among prominent features are the municipal building, county courthouse, public library, Scottish Rite Cathedral, Stonewall Club, handsome churches and fine business and banking buildings. The Mississippi-Alabama Fair, held annually at Meridian, is the second largest agricultural and stock exhibition in the South in number of exhibits and attendance. Since 1912 the commission form of government is in operation; the city owns the waterworks and has a modern equipped and salaried fire department. Electric car service, electric and gas lighting are furnished by a company with a plant of sufficient capacity for a city of 100,000 inhabitants. During the Civil War, Meridian was devastated by General Sherman, 14-20 Feb. 1864, and in March 1906 a large portion of the city was destroyed by a tornado. Pop. 30,000.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Merlin (poem)

MERLIN. This dramatic narrative poem by Edwin Arlington Robinson is among the most distinguished and significant products of recent American literature, and bids fair to take its place beside the best of its very admirable kind. It is entirely modern in its spirit and treatment, with lines like these that mark its date:
* “Time swings
* “A mighty scythe, and some day all your peace
* “Goes down before its edge like so much clover.”
In Mr. Robinson's poem King Arthur and his knights are not romantic heroes, as other poets have made them, not “our conception of what knighthood should be”; they are a modern poet's conception of what leaders of men always and universally are, — king, warrior, lover, fool; Arthur, Gawaine, Lancelot, Dagonet. Nor is Mr. Robinson's Merlin like Tennyson's — a magician in his dotage falling a victim to the wiles of a false woman. He is a prophet whose “memories go forward”; he is a man “Who saw himself, A sight no other man has ever seen,” and he follows Vivian, “a woman who is worth a grave,” because Fate wills it so. It is not the age of chivalry but our own time, our own double world of hope and of reality, with its loves, faith, fears, wars and failures that Mr. Robinson revivifies in ‘Merlin.’ The philosophy of the poem, that faith and creative love will someday save the world, is a lustrous background for the story: “The torch of woman, who, together with the light That Galahad found, is yet to light the world.” As a tale Merlin is vivid and compelling, with scenes, like that of Merlin's first meeting with Vivian and his final parting, which rival the best in drama for beauty and intensity.
# The Great Events by Famous Historians/Volume 2

This compilation of historical essays was first published 1905.
THE GREAT EVENTS BY FAMOUS HISTORIANS
VOLUME II
A COMPREHENSIVE AND READABLE ACCOUNT OF THE WORLD'S HISTORY. EMPHASIZING THE MORE IMPORTANT EVENTS, AND PRESENTING THESE AS COMPLETE NARRATIVES IN THE MASTER-WORDS OF THE MOST EMINENT HISTORIANS
NON-SECTARIAN NON-PARTISAN NON-SECTIONAL
ON THE PLAN EVOLVED FROM A CONSENSUS OF OPINIONS GATHERED FROM THE MOST DISTINGUISHED SCHOLARS OF AMERICA AND EUROPE, INCLUDING BRIEF INTRODUCTIONS BY SPECIALISTS TO CONNECT AND EXPLAIN THE CELEBRATED NARRATIVES, ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY, WITH THOROUGH INDICES, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, CHRONOLOGIES, AND COURSES OF READING
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
ROSSITER JOHNSON, LL.D.
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
CHARLES F. HORNE, Ph.D. JOHN RUDD, LL.D.
1905

## Contents

An Outline Narrative of the Great Events
    CHARLES F. HORNE
Institution and Fall of the Decemvirate in Rome (B.C. 450)
    HENRY G. LIDDELL
Pericles Rules in Athens (B.C. 444)
    PLUTARCH
Great Plague at Athens (B.C. 430)
    GEORGE GROTE
Defeat of the Athenians at Syracuse (B.C. 413)
    SIR EDWARD S. CREASY
Retreat of the Ten Thousand Greeks (B.C. 401-399)
    XENOPHON
Condemnation and Death of Socrates (B.C. 399)
    PLATO
Brennus Burns Rome (B.C. 388)
    BARTHOLD GEORG NIEBUHR
Tartar Invasion of China by Meha (B.C. 341)
    DEMETRIUS CHARLES BOULGER
Alexander Reduces Tyre, Later Founds Alexandria (B.C. 332)
    OLIVER GOLDSMITH
The Battle of Arbela (B.C. 331)
    SIR EDWARD S. CREASY
First Battle Between Greeks and Romans (B.C. 280-279)
    PLUTARCH
The Punic Wars (B.C. 264-219-149)
    FLORUS
Battle of the Metaurus (B.C. 2O7)
    SIR EDWARD S. CREASY
Scipio Africanus Crushes Hannibal at Zama and Subjugates Carthage (B.C. 202)
    LIVY
Judas Maccabaeus Liberates Judea (B.C. 165-141)
    JOSEPHUS
The Gracchi and Their Reforms (B.C. 133)
    THEODOR MOMMSEN
Caesar Conquers Gaul (B.C. 58-50)
    NAPOLEON III
Roman Invasion and Conquest of Britain (B.C. 55-A.D. 79)
    OLIVER GOLDSMITH
Cleopatra's Conquest of Caesar and Antony (B.C. 51-30)
    JOHN P. MAHAFFY
Assassination of Caesar (B.C. 44)
    NIEBUHR
    PLUTARCH
Rome Becomes a Monarchy
    HENRY GEORGE LIDDELL
Germans under Arminius Revolt Against Rome (A.D. 9)
    SIR EDWARD S. CREASY
Universal Chronology (B.C. 450-A.D. 12)
    JOHN RUDD
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Sri Lanka

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Suriname

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Svalbard

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Sudan

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Swaziland

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Taiwan

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# CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Sweden

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# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Bhattogi Dikshat

BHATTOGI DIKSHAT.
The above was a bramin, and native of the Mqharatta country; he was the officiating minister of a temple, which office descended to him in hereditary succession. He adopted the title of his ancestors, and applied very diligently to the study of the sciences. There was not at that time any profound scholar in his native country, from whom he could obtain instruction, so after reading several poems, by which he acquired a knowledge of the Sanscrit langnage, he proceeded to Benares and studied philosophy. Bhatogi Dikshat was possessed of an ancommon fine genius, and composed an elaborate treatise on grammar, which he called "Sedhanta Kowmudi," consisting of about twelve thousand verses. This work was very much approved of by the learned pundits of Benares, by whose advice it was published and disseminated throughout Hindustan, and became much in vogue; at the latter part of his life, this poet gave up his time to philosophy and contemplation, and died at Kasi, in the fifty-sixth year of his age.
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/China Virana

CHINA VIRANA.
This poet was of the Pellala-mari family and a native of Tennala, he lived near the time of Ana Vema Reddi the sovereign of Kondavede. ​He had an elder brother named Pada Virana, who by diligent application to his studies soon became a poet of respectable talents; while China Virana on the other hand spent his time in idleness and dissipation, and for a long time exhibited no signs of genius. Both the brothers, were in the habits of attending the court of the reigning prince, who held Pada Virana in high estimation, on account of his miscellaneous productions in verse. This king commanded the last mentioned poet, to compose at work on a subject, never yet handled by any bard of the country; Peda Virana without considering on the difficulties, he should have to encounter agreed to do so in a very short period. When, he returned home, he mentioned this affair to his wife and desired her to apprize his brother of the circumstance, as he was absent from the house just at this moment. When China Virana returned to his dwelling, his sister-in-law agreeably to her husbands directions, acquainted him with the perdicament in which his brother was placed. China Virana desired her not be uneasy that he
# Biographical Sketches of Dekkan Poets/Choka Mela

CHOKA MELA.
This poet was a Maharatta outcast and an inhabitant of the Pandrapore country. He was contemporary with Sivaji, and became a votary of the Pandrapore God. He composed many abhangas, containing the praise of the God, and died at Pandrapore.