OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bailey, Gamaliel

​BAILEY, Gamaliel, abolitionist, was born in Mount Holly. N.J., Dec. 3, 1807. He was graduated in medicine in 1828, served as ship's doctor on a voyage to China and engaged in newspaper work on the Methodist Protestant at Baltimore, Md. He was a hospital .surgeon at Cincinnati, Ohio, during the cholera outbreak in 1831, where he became an abolitionist and sympathized with the anti-slavery agitation among the students of Lane seminary, which resulted in the resignation of Lyman Beecher and many students, and the founding of Oberlin college. In 1836 in connection with James G. Birney, he established the Cincinnati Philanthropist, to advocate unconditional emancipation. Of this journal he became chief editor. It was the earliest anti-slavery organ in the west, and was regularly issued every week for seven years, although on three distinct occasions its office was raided by a mob, and its type and material were scattered or destroyed. In 1846 he was selected by the American anti-slavery society to conduct the National Era, a new abolition organ issued in Washington, D. C. In the management of this journal he showed rare editorial ability; and he was zealously seconded by the ablest writers in the anti- slavery ranks, among whom was Harriet Beecher Stowe, whose "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was first published in the National Era. The journal attained a wide circulation, and had a prosperous career, though its office was several times threatened with destruction. In 1848 it was for three days besieged by a mob, which was only finally dispersed by the remarkable coolness and address of Mr. Bailey. He died before he could see the consummation of the great agitation he had been, largely instrumental in arousing. His death occurred at sea, June 5, 1859.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Badin, Stephen Theodore

​BADIN, Stephen Theodore, missionary, was born in Orleans, France, in 1768. His parents were poor, and at much sacrifice gave him a classical education at the College Montagu in Paris, after which he entered the Sulpitian academy at Tours to be fitted for the priesthood. He immigrated to the United States in 1792, where he was ordained by Bishop Carroll, in the cathedral at Baltimore, Md., in 1793, the first ordination of a Roman Catholic priest in America. He studied English at the college in Georgetown, and was then given a mission in Kentucky, at that time in the diocese of Baltimore, that extended over a territory covering hundreds of miles, which, in the unsettled state of the country he was obliged to traverse on horseback. In 1796 he was proffered the rectorship of St. Genevieve, but it did not suit the good missionary to give up a life of hardship for one of ease while work remained to be done. He had been for three years the only priest in Kentucky, when Bishop Carroll, in 1797, appointed him vicar-general and gave him an assistant, who was taken from him by death in the following year. Other assistants given him either died or withdrew, and in 1803 Father Badin's work was rendered more arduous by the rapid increase of Catholic immigration. In 1805 he published "Principles of Catholics." In 1806 he inaugurated a mission at Louisville, and in 1811 he built the church of St. Louis in that city. In 1812 his Protestant friends were mainly instrumental in providing him with funds to erect the church of St. Peter in Lexington. A difference between himself and Bishop Flaget, in regard to the title of certain church property, in 1808, caused Father Badin to leave Kentucky in 1819. He spent nine years in Europe, and on his return again took up missionary work, this time in Michigan, under Bishop Fenwick, where he labored for more than a year among the new settlers, when he was sent to the Pottawatomie Indians on St. Joseph's river, Indiana, where he spent the years 1830 to 1836 in Christianizing and civilizing these primitive people. The remaining years of his life were spent in Cincinnati, where he lived with Bishop Purcell. Father Badin, during his missionary labors, travelled over one hundred thousand miles on horseback mostly through the wilderness. He wrote "Carmen Sacrum," the "Epicedium," and "Sanctissimæ Trinitatis Laudes et Invocatis," Latin poems in hexameter verse, all of which were translated and published. He died in 1853.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Baer, John Willis

​BAER, John Willis, secretary, was born on a farm near Rochester, Minn., March 2, 1861. The first eighteen years of his life were spent in Cleveland, Ohio, where he acquired a good elementary education. In 1879 he engaged in newspaper work in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and in 1881 was employed with the Van Dusen elevator company, Minneapolis. In 1890 he was elected to the secretaryship of the United States Society of the Christian Endeavor, and at the general convention at St. Louis in June, 1890, was largely instrumental in making the gathering a notable success. The secretary's office was established in the general rooms of the United States society at Boston.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bagby, Arthur Pendleton

​BAGBY, Arthur Pendleton, governor of Alabama, was born in Virginia in 1794. He was educated for the law, and in 1818 settled in Tuscaloosa, Ala. He was a representative in the state legislature and speaker of the house, 1820-24; governor of Alabama, 1837-41; and U.S. senator, 1841-48, elected to fill a vacancy, and then for a full term. He resigned June 16, 1848, to accept the office of U.S. minister to Russia, which position he resigned, May 14, 1849. He was a commissioner to codify the laws of Alabama. He died in Mobile, Ala., Sept. 21, 1858.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bailey, Guilford Dudley

​BAILEY, Guilford Dudley, soldier, was born at Martinsburg, N. Y., June 4, 1834. He was educated for the profession of arms, and after his graduation from West Point in 1856, was attached to the 2d artillery. After some frontier experience, he was stationed at Fort Leavenworth during the Kansas conflict in 1857-’59. When the state of Texas seceded in 1861, he was stationed at Fort Brown, and with his superior officer, Captain Stoneman, refused to surrender, when General Twiggs proposed to turn over the command to the Confederates. He reported for duty at Washington, was assigned to Hunt's battery and did gallant service at Fort Pickens Fla., 1861. He returned to New York, where he recruited the 1st N. Y. light artillery, and as colonel joined the army of the Potomac, September, 1861, and served in the Peninsular campaign as chief of artillery in General Casey's division. He was killed at the battle of Seven Pines, meeting death while directing the firing of his guns. His body was conveyed to the cemetery at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where a monument was raised to his memory. He died May 31, 1862.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bagley, John Judson

​BAGLEY, John Judson, governor of Michigan, was born at Medina, N.Y., July 24, 1832. He removed to Constantine, Mich., in 1840; attended the public schools; established a tobacco factory in Detroit in 1854. and held various public offices in that city and positions of trust in many large ​corporations and banks. From 1868 to to 1870 he acted as chairman of the Republican state committee, and in 1872 was elected governor of Michigan. He was re-elected in 1874 and served. 1873-77. As governor he established a fish commission, a board of health, placed the boys in the reform schools on their honor, and introduced other reforms. He was married in 1835 to Frances E., daughter of the Rev. Samuel Newberry of Vermont. She was a member of the English society for the promotion of Hellenic study, of the Archæological institute of America and the Anthropological society of Washington, and of the Egyptian exploration society. She died in 1898. He died in San Francisco, Cal., July 27, 1881.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Bagley, Worth

​BAGLEY, Worth, naval officer, was born in Raleigh, N.C., April 6, 1874; son of Maj. William H. and Adelaide Anne (Worth) Bagley; grandson of Col. William H. Bagley; great-grandson of William Bagley, a soldier in the war of 1812, and great$^2$-grandson of Thomas Bagley, who served in the Revolutionary war. His father served in the Confederate army, 1861-'65, and was clerk of the supreme court of North Carolina, and his mother was a daughter of Gov. Jonathan and Martitia (Daniel) Worth. He gained admission to the U.S. naval academy by competition in a large class, all his seniors. He was appointed in 1889, reappointed in 1891; was graduated in 1895 and joined the receiving ship Vermont. He was assigned successively to the Montgomery, July 23, 1895; Texas, Oct. 8, 1895; Maine, Jan. 20, 1895, and Texas, July 20, 1896; was promoted ensign July 1, 1897, and assigned to the Indiana. He was transferred to the U.S. battleship Maine Aug. 17, 1897, and thence to the torpedo-boat Winslow, as second in command, entering upon his duties Dec. 28, 1897. He was the first American naval officer killed in the Spanish-American war, meeting his death on board the Winslow, in the naval engagement in Cardenas Bay, Cuba, May 12, 1898.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Blondel

Edition of 1879. See also Blondel de Nesle on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
BLONDEL, a French trouvère of the 12th century, born at Nesle, near Péronne, Picardy. He is generally regarded as the minstrel who was the friend, teacher, and companion of Richard Cœur de Lion in his expeditions. According to a tradition, when Richard on his return from the Holy Land was imprisoned by Leopold of Austria in the fortress of Dürrenstein, Blondel discovered the place of his captivity by singing under the castle window a part of one of his familiar songs, the other part being taken up from within by the king. Blondel then went to England and caused the monarch to be ransomed. This story is confirmed by the chronicles of Rheims of the 13th century, edited by Alexis Paulin Paris (1836); but it does not seem to be corroborated by other authorities. The national and arsenal libraries of Paris contain 29 MS. songs, part of which are ascribed to the trouvère, and others to the French poet Robert Blondel, who died about 1461. Les œuvres de Blondel de Néele, by Prosper Tarbé (Rheims, 1862), contain a
full account of the historical and legendary data respecting Blondel and an edition of his and Richard's songs.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Boisé

Edition of 1879. See also Boise County, Idaho on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
BOISÉ, a S. W. county of Idaho, watered by the Little Salmon river and affluents of the Saptin or Snake river; area, about 2,500 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 3,834, of whom 1,754 were Chinese. The county contains 5 quartz mills for the production of gold, 8 saw mills, and a weekly newspaper. Capital, Idaho City.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Blind, Karl

Edition of 1879. See also Karl Blind on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
BLIND, Karl, a German political agitator, born in Mannheim, Sept. 4, 1820. While studying law in Heidelberg he was twice arrested for political offences, and spent several months in prison. He was banished from Germany for is participation in the republican rising under Hecker in the spring of 1848, and while plotting with Struve and other exiles, he was expelled from Alsace by order of Gen. Cavaignac on a charge of abetting the Paris insurrection of June. Joining Struve in the September movement, he was with him captured after the fight at Staufen, in S. Baden, and sentenced to eight years' imprisonment at Bruchsal. Liberated after eight months by a revolutionary mob, he went to Carlsruhe, whence the grand duke had fled; but Brentano, whom he accused of secretly working for the restoration of the
deposed dynasty, soon got rid of him by sending him as a plenipotentiary of the provisional government of Baden and the Palatinate to Paris. There he was accused of encouraging the rising of June 13, 1849. Expelled from France in August, he went to Brussels, but was obliged to leave that city also in 1852, and established himself in London, where he for a long time continued his political agitations through the press of various countries. After the events of 1866, however, his revolutionary ardor abated. He was pardoned by the Baden government in 1867. In 1872 he published a pamphlet entitled “Away with the House of Peers,” which was exclusively circulated in Berlin.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Blond, Jacques Christophe le

Edition of 1879. See also Jacob Christoph Le Blon on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
BLOND, Jacques Christophe le, a printer of engravings in colors, born in Frankfort-on-the-Main in 1670, died in a hospital in Paris in 1741. He was bred a painter, and in 1711 went to Amsterdam, where he met with great success in painting miniature portraits. He conceived the idea of an establishment to print engravings in colors, and spent the greater part of his life and all the means he could obtain upon experiments which were comparatively unsuccessful. He worked mainly in London and Paris, and, finding at last that he was not to obtain the brilliant results anticipated, turned his attention to producing Raphael's cartoons in tapestry, in which he also failed for lack of means to finish his work. He is regarded as the inventor of printing in colors.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Black Mountains

Edition of 1879. See also Black Mountains (North Carolina) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
BLACK MOUNTAINS, the culminating group of the Appalachian system (see Appalachian Mountains), named from the dark growth of balsam firs and other evergreens which cover their summits, situated in Yancey and Buncombe counties, North Carolina, between the main central ridges on the west and a portion of the Blue Ridge on the east. Unlike the other ridges of the Alleghanies, they lie for the most part transverse to the general trend of the range, and give this direction to the great valleys and rivers included between them. They rise from a district of great elevation, the height of the valley at Asheville, on the French Broad River, being about 2,000 ft. above the sea, and that of Toe river at Burnsville, Yancey county, about 2,500 ft. From this plateau the drainage is toward the Ohio in a northerly direction by the branches of the Great Kanawha, by those of the Holston and the French Broad toward the southwest, and by those of the Yadkin and the Catawba into the Pedee and Santee toward the southeast. This position at the sources of streams flowing in such diverse directions long since pointed out this district as probably the most elevated east of the Rocky mountains. The botanists Michaux, father and son, were led to the same opinion by their observations upon the northern character of the forest growth with which these mountains are covered. In 1835 the first attempts to determine the elevation of the greatest heights were made by Dr. E. Mitchell, professor in the university of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The principal peak, called Clingman's peak, but known in North Carolina as Mt. Mitchell, he estimated to be 6,476 ft. above the sea; and in 1844 he visited the locality again, and made the height 6,672 ft. In 1855 the Hon. T. L. Clingman of North Carolina made the elevation 6,941 ft., and in 1856 Prof. Guyot determined the highest point, which he then called the Black Dome, to be 6,760 ft. high. The following are the elevations and names of the 12 highest points, all of which are higher than Mt. Washington in New Hampshire, as published in 1857 from the investigations of Prof. Guyot:
BLACK MOUNTAINS. :
| 1. | Clingman's Peak | 6,701 |
| 2. | Guyot's Peak, or Balsam Cone | 6,661 |
| 3. | Sandoz Knob | 6,612 |
| 4. | Hairy Bear | 6,597 |
| 5. | Cat-Tail Peak | 6,595 |
| 6. | Gibbe's Peak | 6,586 |
| 7. | Mitchell's Peak | 6,576 |
| 8. | Sugar-Loaf, or Hallback Peak | 6,401 |
| 9. | Potato Top | 6,389 |
| 10. | Black Knob | 6,377 |
| 11. | Bowler's Pyramid | 6,345 |
| 12. | Roan Mountain | 6,318 |
The summit of Mt. Washington is 6,285 ft.
above the level of the sea. In 1857 Dr. Mitchell lost his life in a third excursion to these mountains, for the purpose of establishing his claim to having first measured the elevation of the highest summit, the honor of which was also claimed by the Hon. Mr. Clingman.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Bog (river)

Edition of 1879. See also the disclaimer.
BOG, a river of Russia. See Bug.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Berzsenyi, Dániel

Edition of 1879. See also Dániel Berzsenyi on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ BERZSENYI, Dániel, a Hungarian poet, born at Hetye, May 7, 1776, died at Nikla, Feb. 24, 1836. A volume of his lyrics entitled Versek appeared in 1813, embracing the best specimens of that kind of poetry till then published in Magyar, among them the stirring national ode “To the Hungarians” (2d ed., 1816). He also wrote æthetical and philosophical essays. In 1830 he became a member of the Hungarian academy. A complete collection of his works was published in Pesth in 1842.
# The Bard's Incantation

The Forest of Glenmore is drear, It is all of black pine, and the dark oak-tree; And the midnight wind to the mountain deer, Is whistling the forest lullaby: The moon looks through the drifting storm, But the troubled lake reflects not her form, For the waves roll whitening to the land, And dash against the shelvy strand.
There is a voice among the trees, That mingles with the groaning oak— That mingles with the stormy breeze, And the lake-waves dashing against the rock;— There is a voice within the wood, The voice of the Bard in fitful mood; His song was louder than the blast, As the Bard of Glenmore through the forest past. "Wake ye from your sleep of death,
Minstrels and bards of other days! For the midnight wind is on the heath, And the midnight meteors dimly blaze: The Spectre with the Bloody Hand, Is wandering through the wild woodland; The owl and the raven are mute for dread, And the time is meet to awake the dead!
"Souls of the mighty, wake, and say To what high strain your harps were strung
When Lochlin plough'd her billowy way, And on your shores her Norsemen flung? Her Norsemen train'd to spoil and blood, Skill'd to prepare the Raven's food, All, by your harpings, doom'd to die On bloody Largs and Loncarty.
"Mute are ye all? No murmurs strange Upon the midnight breeze sail by; Nor through the pines, with whistling change Mimic the harp's wild harmony! Mute are ye now? — Ye ne'er were mute, When Murder with his bloody foot, And Rapine with his iron hand, Were hovering near yon mountain strand.
"O, yet awake, the strain to tell, By every deed in song enrollaed, By every chief who fought or fell For Albion's weal in battle bold:— From Coilgach, first, who rolled his car Through the deep ranks of Roman war, To him, of veteran memory dear, Who, victor, died on Aboukir.
"By all their swords, by all their scars, By all their names, a mighty spell! By all their wounds, by all their wars, Arise the mighty strain to tell! For, fiercer than fierce Hengistaes strain, More impious than the heathen Dane, More grasping than all grasping Rome, Gaulaes ravening legions hither come!"
The wind is hush'd, and still the lake— Strange murmurs fill my tinkling ears, Bristles my hair, my sinews quake At the dread voice of other years— "When targets clash'd and bugles rung, And blades round warriors' heads were flung, The foremost of the band were we, And hymned the joys of liberty!"
# The Barbarism of Berlin

The
Barbarism of Berlin
BY G. K. CHESTERTON
CASSELL AND COMPANY, LTD.
London, New York, Toronto, and Melbourne
First Published 1914
Contents
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1936, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 87 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Addicks, George B.

​ADDICKS, George B., educator, was born at Hampton, Rock Island county, Ill., Sept. 9, 1854, son of Gerhard and Mary (Franke) Addicks. Both his parents were natives of Germany, his father emigrating from Oldenburg and his mother from Hanover. The boy was educated in the public and parochial schools, and pursued his classical studies at central Wesleyan college, Warrenton, Mo., where he was graduated in 1874, and his theological course at the Biblical institute Evanston, Ill. He was licensed to preach in 1871. In 1875 he was tutor in the central Wesleyan college, and in 1876 professor of the German language in the German college and Iowa Wesleyan university, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, holding the position for seven years. He then served the First German ​M.E. church at Pekin, Ill., five years, and in 1889 accepted the chair of theology in Central Wesleyan college, Warrenton, Mo., and was made its president in 1894.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Addison, Walter Dulany

​ADDISON, Walter Dulany, clergyman, was born in Annapolis, Md., Jan. 1, 1769; son of Thomas and Rebecca (Dulany) Addison. He studied at Greenwich, England, 1784-'87, with his uncle, rector at Epsom, and in London under Dr. Barrow, 1787-'89. He returned to America, where he studied theology, 1789-'92, and was ordained a priest in 1793, the first candidate to receive orders in the Protestant Episcopal church at the hands of a bishop (Claggett) consecrated in America. He was rector of Queen Anne's parish, Md., 1793-'96, and held services in various denominational churches in Maryland and in the Presbyterian church, Washington, D.C., 1793-1801, which resulted in the foundation of the "Old Church" (St. John's), Washington, D.C., erected in 1804. He was rector of Broad Creek parish, 1801-'09, of St. John's parish, Georgetown, 1809-'26, and of Rock Creek from 1826. He became blind in 1827. He married in June, 1792, Elizabeth D. Hesselius. He died in Baltimore, Jan. 31, 1848.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Adams, Suzanne

​ADAMS, Suzanne, operatic singer, was born in Cambridge, Mass., 1873, daughter of John Gedney Adams. She lost her parents early and was educated by an aunt, Mrs. M. D. Higgins, who later went abroad with her and enabled her to study in France at the age of sixteen. C. T. Capen and Madame Pégun were her first instructors in America, but Bouhy and Madame Marchesi were her vocal teachers abroad. She studied dramatic action with Konig and Pluke. Her first appearance in grand opera was as Juliet at the Paris opera house in 1894-'95, with the Maurice Grau Opera Company. She sang at Covent Garden, London, England, in 1898 and 1901, at the Auditorium, Chicago, Ill., in 1898, and in New York city in January, 1899. She married in October, 1898, Leo Stern, the eminent violincellist, and lived abroad most of the time.
# The Biographical Dictionary of America/Adams, Thomas

​ADAMS, Thomas, delegate, was born in New Kent county, Va., about 1730, son of Ebenezer and Tabitha (Cocke) Adams. Ebenezer Adams was a native of London, England, who settled in Virginia previous to 1714, and received grants in Henrico and New Kent counties. Thomas was a clerk of Henrico county, and vestryman of that parish, 1757-'61; church warden in 1761, and returned to England in 1762, where he resided for several years. He resumed his residence in Virginia before the outbreak of the Revolution; signed the "Association" entered into by the house of burgesses, May 27, 1774, and was chairman of the New Kent county committee in 1774. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress, 1778-'80, and signed the articles of Confederation, and subsequently removed to Augusta county, Va., where he served as state senator, 1784-'87. He married Elizabeth (Fauntleroy) Cocke, widow of his cousin, Bowler Cocke. He died in Augusta county, Va., in October, 1788.