OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Periplus of Hanno/Chapter 3

EDITIONS OF THE PERIPLUS OF HANNO
(From Bunbury, History of Ancient Geography, I, 332-3)
"The narrative of Hanno was certainly extant in Greek at an early period. It is cited in the work ascribed to Aristotle on Marvellous Narratives (§37) which belongs to the 3d century B. C.; as well as by Mela, Pliny, and many later writers; and Pliny expressly speaks of it as the source whence many Greek and Roman writers had derived their information, including, as he considered, many fables. (Pliny, H. N., V. 8.)
"The authenticity of the work may be considered as unquestionable. The internal evidence is conclusive upon that point. There is considerable doubt as to the date of the voyage. On this point the narrative itself gives no information, and the name Hanno was very common at Carthage. (See Smith's Dict, of Biog., Art. Hanno). But it has been generally agreed that this Hanno was either the father or the son of the Hamilcar who led the great Carthaginian expedition to Sicily in B. C. 480. In the former case the Periplus may be probably assigned to a date about B. C. 520; in the latter it must be brought down to about B. C. 470. This last view is that adopted by C. Müller in his edition of the Periplus (Geographi Græci Minores, I, xxi-xxiv), where the whole subject is fully discussed; but as between him and his grandfather, the choice is hardly more than conjectural. M. Vivien de St. Martin, however, prefers the date of B. C. 570, which had been previously adopted by Bougainville (Mémoires de l' Académie des Inscriptions, xxviii, 287).
"The Periplus of Hanno was first published at Basle in 1533 (as an appendix to the Periplus of the Erythræan Sea), from a manuscript in the Heidelberg library (Cod. Pal. Græc., 398), the only one in which it is found. There have been numerous subsequent editions; of these the one by Falconer, 8vo, 1797, and Kluge, 8vo, Leipzig, 1829, are the most valuable. The treatise is also included in the editions of the ​Geographi Græci Minores by Hudson, Gail, and C. Müller. The valuable and elaborate commentary by the latest editor may be considered as in a great measure superseding all others. Besides all these editions, it has been made the subject of elaborate investigations by Gosselin, Bougainville, Major Rennell, Heeren, Ukert, Vivien de St. Martin, and other geographical writers. Indeed there are few ancient writings that have been the subject of more copious commentary in proportion to its very limited extent. The earliest of these commentaries, inserted by Ramusio in his collection of Voyages (Venice, 1550), is curious and interesting as being derived from Portuguese sources, who were in modern times the earliest explorers of these coasts. That by the Spanish writer Campomanes (in his Antigüedad Maritima de Cártago, 4to, Madrid, 1756) is, on the contrary, utterly worthless."
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# The Periplus of Hanno/Chapter 5

THE "BURNING COUNTRY" OF §§ 14-16
Mungo Park (Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa. London, 1799: Chap, xx), thus describes the burning of the grass in the dry season in Senegambia:
"The termination of the rainy season is likewise attended with violent tornadoes; after which the wind shifts to the northeast, and continues to blow from that quarter during the rest of the year. . , . The grass soon becomes dry and withered, the rivers subside very rapidly, and many of the trees shed their leaves. . . . This wind, in passing over the great desert of Sahara, acquires a very strong attraction for humidity, and parches up everything exposed to the current. . . . Whenever the grass is sufficiently dry, the Negroes set it on fire; but in Ludamar and other Moorish countries this practice is not allowed, for it is on the withered stubble that the Moors feed their cattle until the return of the rains. The burning of the grass in Manding exhibits a scene of terrific grandeur. In the middle of the night, I could see the plains and mountains, as far as my eye could reach, variegated with lines of fire; and the light reflected on the sky made the heavens appear in a blaze. In the daytime pillars of smoke were seen in every direction; while the birds of prey were observed hovering round the conflagration and pouncing down upon the snakes, lizards, and other reptiles, which attempted to escape from the flames. This annual burning is soon followed by a fresh and sweet verdure, and the country is thereby rendered more healthful and pleasant."
See also a paper by Dr. Walther Busse in Mitteilungen aus der Deutschen Schutzgehieten, 1908, No. 2, reviewed in the Geographical Journal for October, 1908.
Native method of clearing the ground for the planting of crops, still in general use in West Africa.
(See text, §§ 13-17, and note, p. 13.)
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# The Panchatantra (Purnabhadra's Recension of 1199 CE)/Book 1/Shell-Neck, Slim, and Grim

SHELL-NECK, SLIM, AND GRIM
In a certain lake lived a turtle named Shell-Neck. He had as friends two ganders whose names were Slim and Grim. Now in the vicissitudes of time there came ​ a twelve-year drought, which begot ideas of this nature in the two ganders: "This lake has gone dry. Let us seek another body of water. However, we must first say farewell to Shell-Neck, our dear and long-proved friend."
When they did so, the turtle said: "Why do you bid me farewell? I am a water-dweller, and here I should perish very quickly from the scant supply of water and from grief at loss of you. Therefore, if you feel any affection for me, please rescue me from the jaws of this death. Besides, as the water dries in this lake, you two suffer nothing beyond a restricted diet, while to me it means immediate death. Consider which is more serious, loss of food or loss of life."
But they replied: "We are unable to take you with us since you are a water-creature without wings." Yet the turtle continued: "There is a possible device. Bring a stick of wood." This they did, whereupon the turtle gripped the middle of the stick between his teeth, and said: "Now take firm hold with your bills, one on each side, fly up, and travel with even flight through the sky, until we discover another desirable body of water."
But they objected: "There is a hitch in this fine plan. If you happen to indulge in the smallest conversation, then you will lose your hold on the stick will fall from a great height, and will be dashed to bits."
"Oh," said the turtle, "from this moment I take ​ a vow of silence, to last as long as we are in heaven." So they carried out the plan, but while the two ganders were painfully carrying the turtle over a neighboring city, the people below noticed the spectacle, and there arose a confused buzz of talk as they asked: "What is this cartlike object that two birds are carrying through the atmosphere?"
Hearing this, the doomed turtle was heedless enough to ask: "What are these people chattering about?" The moment he spoke, the poor simpleton lost his grip and fell to the ground. And persons who wanted meat cut him to bits in a moment with sharp knives.
"And that is why I say:
To take advice from kindly friends, . . . .
and the rest of it." And Constance continued:
Forethought and Readywit thrive; Fatalist can't keep alive.
"How was that?" asked Sprawl. And she told the story of
FORETHOUGHT, READYWIT, AND FATALIST
# The Ramayana/Book II/Canto LXXX: The Way Prepared

All they who knew the joiner's art, Or distant ground in every part; Each busied in his several trade, To work machines or ply the spade; Deft workmen skilled to frame the wheel, Or with the ponderous engine deal; Guides of the way, and craftsmen skilled, To sink the well, make bricks, and build; And those whose hands the tree could hew, And work with slips of cut bamboo, Went forward, and to guide them, they Whose eyes before had seen the way. Then onward in triumphant mood Went all the mighty multitude. Like the great sea whose waves leap high When the full moon is in the sky. Then, in his proper duty skilled, Each joined him to his several guild, And onward in advance they went With every tool and implement. Where bush and tangled creeper lay With trenchant steel they made the way; They felled each stump, removed each stone, And many a tree was overthrown. In other spots, on desert lands, Tall trees were reared by busy hands. Where'er the line of road they took, They plied the hatchet, axe, and hook. Others, with all their strength applied, Cast vigorous plants and shrubs aside, In shelving valleys rooted deep, And levelled every dale and steep. Each pit and hole that stopped the way They filled with stones, and mud, and clay. And all the ground that rose and fell With busy care was levelled well. They bridged ravines with ceaseless toil, And pounded fine the flinty soil. Now here, now there, to right and left, A passage through the ground they cleft, And soon the rushing flood was led Abundant through the new-cut bed, Which by the running stream supplied With ocean's boundless waters vied. In dry and thirsty spots they sank Full many a well and ample tank, And altars round about them placed To deck the station in the waste. With well-wrought plaster smoothly spread, With bloomy trees that rose o'erhead, With banners waving in the air, And wild birds singing here and there, With fragrant sandal-water wet, With many a flower beside it set, Like the Gods' heavenly pathway showed That mighty host's imperial road. Deft workmen, chosen for their skill To do the high-souled Bharat's will, In every pleasant spot where grew Trees of sweet fruit and fair to view, As he commanded, toiled to grace With all delights his camping-place. And they who read the stars, and well Each lucky sign and hour could tell, Raised carefully the tented shade Wherein high-minded Bharat stayed. With ample space of level ground, With broad deep moat encompassed round; Like Mandar in his towering pride, With streets that ran from side to side; Enwreathed with many a palace tall Surrounded by its noble wall; With roads by skilful workmen made. Where many a glorious banner played; With stately mansions, where the dove Sat nestling in her cote above. Rising aloft supremely fair Like heavenly cars that float in air, Each camp in beauty and in bliss Matched Indra's own metropolis.  As shines the heaven on some fair night,  With moon and constellations filled.  The prince's royal road was bright,  Adorned by art of workmen skilled.
# The Ramayana/Book II/Canto LXXXI: The Assembly

Ere yet the dawn had ushered in The day should see the march begin, Herald and bard who rightly knew Each nice degree of honour due, Their loud auspicious voices raised. And royal Bharat blessed and praised. With sticks of gold the drum they smote, Which thundered out its deafening note, Blew loud the sounding shell, and blent Each high and low-toned instrument. The mingled sound of drum and horn Through all the air was quickly borne, And as in Bharat's ear it rang, Gave the sad prince another pang.  Then Bharat starting from repose, Stilled the glad sounds that round him rose, 'I am not king--no more mistake:' Then to S'atrughna thus he spake: 'O see what general wrongs succeed Sprung from Kaikeyí's evil deed! The king my sire has died and thrown Fresh miseries on me alone. The royal bliss, on duty based. Which our just high-souled father graced, Wanders in doubt and sore distress Like a tossed vessel rudderless. And he who was our lordly stay Roams in the forest far away, Expelled by this my mother, who To duty's law is most untrue.'  As royal Bharat thus gave vent To bitter grief in wild lament, Gazing upon his face the crowd Of pitying women wept aloud. His lamentation scarce was o'er, When Saint Vas'ishtha, skilled in lore Of royal duty, dear to fame, To join the great assembly came. Girt by disciples ever true Still nearer to that hall he drew, Resplendent, heavenly to behold, Adorned with wealth of gems and gold: E'en so a man in duty tried Draws near to meet his virtuous bride. He reached his golden seat o'erlaid With coverlet of rich brocade. There sat, in all the Vedas read, And called the messengers, and said: 'Go forth, let Bráhman, Warrior, peer, And every captain gather here: Let all attentive hither throng: Go, hasten: we delay too long. S'atrughna, glorious Bharat bring, The noble children of the king, Yudhájit and Sumantra, all The truthful and the virtuous call,'  He ended: soon a mighty sound Of thickening tumult rose around, As to the hall they bent their course With car, and elephant, and horse, The people all with glad acclaim Welcomed Prince Bharat as he came: E'en as they loved their king to greet, Or as the Gods Lord Indra meet.  The vast assembly shone as fair  With Bharat's kingly face  As Das'aratha's self were there  To glorify the place.  It gleamed like some unruffled lake  Where monsters huge of mould  With many a snake their pastime take  O'er shells, sand, gems, and gold.
* ↑ The commentator says 'S'atrughna accompanied by the other sons of the king.'
* ↑ Not Bharat's uncle, but some councillor.
* ↑ S'atakratu, Lord of a hundred sacrifices, the performance of a hundred As'vamedhas or sacrifices of a horse entitling the sacrificer to this exalted dignity.
# The Ramayana/Book II/Canto LXXXIV: Guha's Anger

King Guha saw the host spread o'er The wide expanse of Gangá's shore, With waving flag and pennon graced, And to his followers spoke in haste: 'A mighty army meets my eyes, That rivals Ocean's self in size: Where'er I look my very mind No limit to the host can find. Sure Bharat with some evil thought His army to our land has brought. See, huge of form, his flag he rears, That like an Ebony-tree appears. He comes with bonds to take and chain, Or triumph o'er our people slain: And after, Ráma will be slay,-- Him whom his father drove away: The power complete he longs to gain. And--task too hard--usurp the reign. So Bharat comes with wicked will His brother Rama's blood to spill. But Ráma's slave and friend am I; He is my lord and dear ally. Keep here your watch in arms arrayed Near Gangá's flood to lend him aid, And let my gathered servants stand And line with troops the river strand. Here let the river keepers meet. Who flesh and roots and berries eat; A hundred fishers man each boat Of the five hundred here afloat, And let the youthful and the strong Assemble in defensive throng. But yet, if, free from guilty thought 'Gainst Ráma, he this land have sought, The prince's happy host to day Across the flood shall make its way.'  He spoke: then bearing in a dish A gift of honey, meat, and fish, The king of the Nishadas drew Toward Bharat for an interview. When Bharat's noble charioteer Observed the monarch hastening near, He duly, skilled in courteous lore, The tidings to his master bore: 'This aged prince who hither bends His footsteps with a thousand friends, Knows, firm ally of Ráma, all That may in Danduk wood befall: Therefore, Kakutstha's son, admit The monarch, as is right and fit: For doubtless he can clearly tell Where Ráma now and Lakshman dwell.'  When Bharat heard Sumantra's rede, To his fair words the prince agreed: 'Go quickly forth,' he cried, 'and bring Before my face the aged king.' King Guha, with his kinsmen near, Rejoiced the summoning to hear: He nearer drew, bowed low his head, And thus to royal Bharat said: 'No mansions can our country boast, And unexpected comes thy host: But what we have I give thee all: Rest in the lodging of thy thrall. See, the Nishadas here have brought The fruit and roots their hands have sought: And we have woodland fare beside. And store of meat both fresh and dried. To rest their weary limbs, I pray This night at least thy host may stay: Then cheered with all we can bestow To-morrow thou with it mayst go.'
# The Ramayana/Book II/Canto LXXXV: Guha And Bharat

Thus tho Nishadas' king besought: The prince with spirit wisdom-fraught Replied in seemly words that blent Deep matter with the argument: 'Thou, friend of him whom I revere, With honours high hast met me here, For thou alone wouldst entertain Aud feed to-day so vast a train." In such fair words the prince replied, Then, pointing to the path he cried: 'Which way aright will lead my feet To Bharadvája's calm retreat; For all this land near Gangá's streams Pathless and hard to traverse seems?'  Thus spoke the prince: King Guha heard Delighted every prudent word, And gazing on that forest wide, Raised suppliant hands, and thus replied: 'My servants, all the ground who know, O glorious Prince, with thee shall go With constant care thy way to guide, And I will journey by thy side. But this thy host so wide dispread Wakes in my heart one doubt and dread, Lest, threatening Ráma good and great, Ill thoughts thy journey stimulate."  But wheu King Guha, ill at ease, Declared his fear in words like these, As pure as is the cloudless sky With soft voice Bharat made reply: 'Suspect me not: ne'er come the time For me to plot so foul a crime! He is my eldest brother, he Is like a father dear to me. I go to lead my brother thence Who makes the wood his residence. No thought but this thy heart should frame: This simple truth my lips proclaim.'  Then with glad cheer King Guha cried, With Bharat's answer gratified: 'Blessed art thou: on earth I see None who may vie, O Prince, with thee, Who canst of thy free will resign The kingdom which unsought is thine. For this, a name that ne'er shall die, Thy glory through the worlds shall fly, Who fain wouldst balm thy brother's pain And lead the exile home again.'  As Guha thus, and Bharat, each To other spoke in friendly speech, The Day God sank with glory dead, And night o'er all the sky was spread. Soon as King Guha's thoughtful care Had quartered all the armv there, Well honoured, Bharat laid his head Beside S'atrughna on a bed. But grief for Ráma yet oppressed High-minded Bharat's faithful breast-- Such torment little was deserved By him who ne'er from duty swerved. The fever raged through every vein And burnt him with its inward pain: So when in woods the flames leap free The fire within consumes the tree. From heat of burning anguish sprung The sweat upon his body hung, As when the sun with fervid glow On high Himalaya melts the snow. As, banished from the herd, a bull Wanders alone and sorrowful.  Thus sighing and distressed, In misery and bitter grief, With fevered heart that mocked relief, Distracted in his mind, the chief  Still mourned and found no rest.
# The Ramayana/Book II/Canto LXXXVI: Guha's Speech

Guha the king, acquainted well With all that in the wood befell, To Bharat the unequalled told The tale of Lakshman mighty-souled: 'With many an earnest word I spake To Lakshman as he stayed awake, And with his bow and shaft in hand To guard his brother kept his stand: 'Now sleep a little, Lakshman, see This pleasant bed is strewn for thee: Hereon thy weary bodv lay, And strengthen thee with rest, I pray, Inured to toil are men like these, But thou hast aye been nursed in ease. Rest, duteous-minded! I will keep My watch while Ráma lies asleep: For in the whole wide world is none Dearer to me than Raghu's son. Harbour no doubt or jealous fear: I speak the truth with heart sincere: For from the grace which he has shown Will glory on my name be thrown: Great store of merit shall I gain, And duteous, form no wish in vain. Let me enforced by many a row Of followers, armed with shaft and bow For well-loved Ráma's weal provide Who lies asleep by Sitá's side. For through this wood I often go, And all its shades conceal I know: And we with conquering arms can meet A four-fold host arrayed complete.' With words like these I spoke, designed To move the high-souled Bharat's mind, But he upon his duty bent, Plied his persuasive argument: 'O, how can slumber close mine eyes When lowly couched with Sitá lies The royal Ráma? can I give My heart to joy, or even live? He whom no mighty demon, no, Nor heavenly God can overthrow, See, Guha, how he lies, alas, With Sítá couched on gathered grass. By varied labours, long, severe, By many a prayer and rite austere, He, Das'aratha's cherished son, By Fortune stamped, from Heaven was won. Now as his son is forced to fly, The king ere long will surely die: Reft of his guardian hand, forlorn In widowed grief this land will mourn, E'en now perhaps, with toil o'erspent, The women cease their loud lament, And cries of woe no longer ring Throughout the palace of the king. But ah for sad Kaus'alyá! how Fare she and mine own mothef now? How fares the king? this night, I think, Some of the three in death will sink. With hopes upon S'atrughna set My mother may survive as yet, But the sad queen will die who bore The hero, for her grief is sore. His cherished wish that would have made Dear Ráma king, so long delayed, 'Too late! too late!' the king will cry, And conquered by his misery die. When Fate has brought the mournful day Which sees my father pass away, How happy in their lives are they Allowed his funeral rites to pay. Our exile o'er, with him who ne'er Turns from the oath his lips may swear, May we returning safe and well Again in fair Ayodhyá dwell.' Thus Bharat stood with many a sigh Lamenting, and the night went by. Soon as the morning light shone fair In votive coils both bound their hair. And then I sent them safely o'er And left them on the farther shore. With Sítá then they onward passed, Their coats of bark about them cast, Their locks like hermits' bound, The mighty tamers of the foe, Each with his arrows and his bow, Went over the rugged ground, Proud in their strength and undeterred Like elephants that lead the herd, And gazing oft around.
# The Plymouth Brethren

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THE
Plymouth Brethren:
THEIR RISE, DIVISIONS, PRACTICE, AND DOCTRINES.
A LECTURE
BY
EDWARD DENNETT.
LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1870.
London: Elliot Stock.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(Not listed in original)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Plymouth

United States Supreme Court
70 U.S. 20
The Plymouth

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/CLX

​CLX. Hugh Williamson: Remarks on the New Plan of Government.
It seems to be generally admitted, that the system of government which has been proposed by the late convention, is well calculated to relieve us from many of the grievances under which we have been laboring. If I might express my particular sentiments on this subject, I should describe it as more free and more perfect than any form of government that has ever been adopted by any nation; but I would not say it has no faults. Imperfection is inseparable from every device. Several objections were made to ​this system by two or three very respectable characters in the convention, which have been the subject of much conversation;…
When you refer the proposed system to the particular circumstances of North Carolina, and consider how she is to be affected by this plan, you must find the utmost reason to rejoice in the prospect of better times. This is a sentiment that I have ventured with the greater confidence, because it is the general opinion of my late-honourable colleagues, and I have the utmost reliance in their superior abilities. But if our constituents shall discover faults where we could not see any—or if they shall suppose that a plan is formed for abridging their liberties, when we imagined that we had been securing both liberty and property on a more stable foundation—if they perceive that they are to suffer a loss, where we thought they must rise from a misfortune—they will, at least do us the justice to charge those errors to the head, and not to the heart.
# The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787/Volume 3/Appendix A/CLIV

​ⅭⅬⅣ. The Landholder [Oliver Ellsworth], Ⅶ.
I have often admired the spirit of candour, liberality, and justice, with which the Convention began and completed the important object of their mission.…