OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Cow Chase

This poem was written by Andre to commemerate a raid by 'Mad Anthony' Wayne, who had been a tanner in civilian life. The raid, on a Loyalist ("the refugees") supply depot near Nyack, had as its purpose the securing of beef to feed the Continentals. The skirmish that ensued was less than memorable for the patriots.
"To drive the kine" one summer's morn the tanner took his way. The calf shall rue that is unborn the jumbling of that day, And Wayne-descending steers shall know and tauntingly deride, And call to mind in every low the tanning of his hide.
All wondrous proud in arms they came, what hero could refuse, To tread the rugged path to fame-who had a pair of shoes. At six, the host with sweating buff arrived at Freedom's pole, And Wayne, who thought he'd time enough, thus speechified the whole
O ye, who glory doth unite who Freedom's cause espouse, Whether the wing that's doomed to fight or that to drive the cows, Their fort and blockhouse we will level and deal a horrid slaughter, We'll drive the scoundrels to the devil and ravish wife and daughter
And I, under cover of attack, whilst you are all at blows, From English neighborhood and Nyack will drive away the cows, For well you know the latter is the serious operation, And fighting with the refugees is only demonstration.
His daring words from all the crowd such great applause did gain That every man declared aloud for serious work with Wayne, And now the foe began to lead his forces to the attack, Balls whistling unto balls succeed and make the blockhouse crack.
The firmer as the Rebels pressed, the loyal heroes stand, Virtue had nerved each honest breast and industry each hand, And as the fight was further fought and balls began to thicken, The fray assumed, the generals thought, the color of a lickin'.
Yet undismayed the chiefs command, and to redeem the day, Cry, "Soldiers, charge!" They hear, they stand, they turn and run away. And now I've closed my epic strain, I tremble as I show it, Lest this same warrior-drover, Wayne, should ever catch — this poet."
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Covetous Man and the Envious Man

* related authors: Aesop.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
Perry index 580
* "Of Phebus, of the Auarycious, and of the Enuyous", translated by William Caxton, edited by Joseph Jacobs, in The fables of Aesop, as first printed by William Caxton in 1484 (1484)
* "A Covetous Man and an Envious", translated by Roger L'Estrange, in Fables of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists (1692)
* "Avaricious and Envious", translated by Joseph Jacobs, edited by Joseph Jacobs, illustrated by Richard Heighway, in The Fables of Æsop (1894)
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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# The Cow Jerry

The Cow Jerry
By George W. Ogden
Author of The Duke of Chimney Butte, The Land of Last Chance, The Trail Rider, Etc.
New York Grosset & Dunlap Publishers
Copyright, 1924-1925, By Dodd, Mead and Company, Inc. Printed in U. S. A.
Contents
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1966, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 57 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Fraser, Hon. Alexander

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​Fraser, Hon. Alexander, M.L.C., sometime Minister of Public Works, Victoria, was the son of a Scotch farmer, and was born at Aldoura, near Inverness. In 1827 he went to London and five years later sailed for Sydney, N.S.W., in the Rubicon. The ship, however, put in at Hobart Town, Tas., and he decided to stay there, which he did till 1852, when he visited Victoria and decided to settle there. He had been interested in pastoral properties in the colony as far back as 1836, and he now started as an auctioneer in Bendigo, removing the business to Melbourne in 1853. In 1858 he was elected to the Legislative Council for the western province, and was Commissioner of Public Works in the Francis Ministry from June 1872 to May 1874, representing the Government in the Upper House. He was principally known as the plaintiff in an action which he brought against the Melbourne Age in 1878 for damages for a libel contained in an article reflecting on his conduct towards a deceased brother who had died in England in indigent circumstances. He recovered £250. Mr. ​Fraser died on August 21st, 1888, aged eighty-seven years.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Fraser, Hon. Simon

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​Fraser, Hon. Simon, M.L.C., Victoria, youngest son of William Fraser, mill-owner and farmer, of Nova Scotia, to which colony that gentleman emigrated from Inverness, Scotland, soon after it was taken from, the French by the English. Mr. Fraser was born at Pictou, Nova Scotia, August 21st, 1834. On his arrival in Victoria, in 1853, Mr. Fraser spent some time at the diggings, but in a year or two turned his attention to contracting—at first in road works and bridge building, and later in railway construction,—being at various times a member of firms who carried out contracts in Victoria, New South Wales, and South Australia. In the last-named colony he was one of the constructors of the Port Augusta and Government Gums Railway. While engaged in these works he also entered into squatting pursuits, first in Queensland, where he resided from 1867 to 1869, and afterwards in Victoria and New South Wales. He is still considerably interested in pastoral properties in the northern colony. At the general election of 1874 he stood for Rodney, in the interest of the Francis Ministry, and was opposed by Mr. J. J. Walsh, whom he beat by a large majority, and at the general election of May 1877 was again elected to the Legislative Assembly for the same district as a supporter of the M$^c$Culloch Ministry. After representing that constituency nine years, he retired in 1883, and visited Europe and America, being absent about two years. In 1885 he unsuccessfully contested West Melbourne with Mr. Carter, the Mayor of Melbourne. He was also an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the Legislative Council for the Northern province, in April 1886, but was returned as member for South Yarra province in August of the same year. In politics Mr. Fraser is a man of moderate views, and took an active interest in promoting the Service-Berry coalition of 1883. He is a J.P. for Victoria, and was for a lengthened period chairman of the Australian Widows' Fund Life Insurance Society, and a director of the City of Melbourne Bank and the private railway line between Deniliquin and Moama. Mr. Fraser has been twice married. In Nov. 1890 he became a member without portfolio of Mr. Munro's Cabinet. Twelve months later he voted against his colleagues' measure for establishing the principle of "one man one vote," and it was rejected by the Council, Mr. Fraser tendering his resignation in consequence. It was not, however, accepted, and the Bill was withdrawn. In Feb., however, when Mr. Shiels reconstructed the Cabinet, Mr. Fraser finally withdrew from office.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Freeling, Major-General Sir Arthur Henry

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​Freeling, Major-General Sir Arthur Henry, Bart., sometime Surveyor-General, South Australia, son of John Clayton Freeling and grandson of Sir Francis Freeling, Bart., for thirty years Secretary to the General Post Office, entered the Royal Engineers, and ultimately took service under the South Australian Government as Surveyor-General. In this capacity he did some valuable exploring work, and was a member of the Executive and Legislative Councils prior to the concession of responsible government. He was elected to the new Legislative Council in March 1857, and sat till August 1876, when he resigned. In the meantime he ​was a member of the Finnis Ministry as Commissioner of Public Works from Oct. 1856 to March 1857, when he retired rather than relinquish the permanent post of Surveyor-General, which he resigned in 1861, and returned to England. He was then lieut.-colonel in the Royal Engineers, but became major-general on retiring, and succeeded in 1871 as 5th baronet of Ford and Hatchings, Sussex. Sir Arthur (who was the elder brother of Sir Sanford Freeling, K.C.M.G.) married, in 1848, Charlotte Augusta, daughter of Sir Henry Rivers, 9th baronet, who still survives. Sir Arthur died on March 26th, 1885, when he was succeeded by his son Harry, the 6th and present baronet.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Fraser, Sir Malcolm

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​Fraser, Sir Malcolm, K.C.M.G., C.E., Agent-General, Western Australia, was employed in various departments of the government of New Zealand in 1857-70, was appointed Surveyor-General of Western Australia, with a seat in the Executive and Legislative Councils, in Dec. 1870, and Colonial Secretary of Western Australia Jan. 1883. He represented the latter colony at the Intercolonial Conference on Cable Duplication held at Sydney in 1874, the Australasian Convention at Sydney in 1883, and at the Intercolonial Conference at Sydney in 1888. He was Executive Commissioner for Western Australia to the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880, and to the Colonial and Indian Exhibition at South Kensington in 1886. He was created C.M.G. in 1881 and K.C.M.G. on June 21st, 1887. Sir Malcolm administered the Government in the absence of Sir F. Napier Broome from Jan. 1st to Feb. 21st, 1888, and from Dec. 21st, 1889, until the return of Sir W. Robinson in Oct. 1890. His duties as Colonial Secretary ceased with the inauguration of responsible government in Western Australia, towards the end of 1890, and he arrived in England in Jan. 1891. In April 1892 he was appointed first Agent-General for Western Australia.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Fysh, Hon. Philip Oakley

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​Fysh, Hon. Philip Oakley, M.L.C., was born at Highbury, London, in 1835. In 1859 he emigrated to Tasmania. After a successful commercial career he went into politics and became Premier of Tasmania, was member for Hobart in the Legislative Council from 1866 to 1869, and for Buckingham from Nov. 1870 to July 1873, when he left the Upper House for the House of Assembly, in which he represented East Hobart from August 1873 to Nov. 1878. In March 1884 he was re-elected to the Legislative Council for Buckingham, for which constituency he still sits. Mr. Fysh was in the Kennerley Government from August 1873 to March 1875 as Treasurer, and from that date till July 1876 as a minister without portfolio. He became the recognised leader of the Opposition in July 1877, and the next month formed an Administration, in which he took the position of Premier without office. In March 1879 Mr. Giblin became Premier, Mr. Fysh remaining a member of the Ministry without portfolio till its retirement in the following December. In March 1887 Mr. Fysh, who is President of the Central Board of Health, and was major commanding the Tasmanian Volunteer Rifle Regiment from 1880 to 1884, formed his second Government, of which he is still Premier and Chief Secretary. He was one of the delegates from Tasmania to the Sydney Federation Convention in 1891.
In appended Supplement, p. 532
​Fysh, Hon. Philip Oakley, M.L.C. (p. 177). In August 1892 Mr. Fysh resigned the office of Premier and Chief Secretary of Tasmania, owing to the defeat of the Government in the House of Assembly on their financial proposals.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Galloway, Frederic William

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​Galloway, Frederic William, was born at Delhi, India, in 1856, and entered the 85th Regiment (King's Light Infantry) as sub-lieutenant in 1875. After serving with credit in India and South Africa, he retired from the service, and went, in 1880, to Australia, where he entered the Queensland Civil Service as Clerk of Petty Sessions at Port Douglas in 1883, being promoted to Ipswich in 1885, and becoming Immigration Agent at Brisbane in July 1889.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/French, Colonel George Arthur

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​French, Colonel George Arthur, R.A., C.M.G., ex-Commandant of Defence Force, Queensland, son of the late John French, of Mornington Park, co. Dublin, was born at Roscommon on June 19th, 1841, and educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He was commissioned as lieutenant of the Royal Artillery, on June 19th, 1860, and became captain in 1872, major in 1881, and lieut.-colonel in 1887. He was adjutant of the Royal Artillery at Kingston from 1862 to 1866; Inspector of Artillery in the Dominion of Canada from 1870 to 1878, being appointed Lieut.-Colonel of Canadian Militia in the former year. He was Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police in Canada from 1873 to 1876; and Inspector of Warlike Stores at Devonport from 1878 to 1888. He organised the Permanent Artillery and Mounted Police of Canada, and commanded the expeditionary force of 300 mounted men and two guns, sent from the Red River to the Rocky Mountains, in 1874. He was made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George on May 30th, 1877. In Sept. 1883 he was appointed Commandant of the Queensland Local Forces with the local rank of colonel, and arrived in the colony on Jan. 4th, 1884. Colonel French married, in 1862, Janet Clarke, daughter of the late Robert Long Innes, formerly of the 37th Regiment. Colonel French retired in 1891, and returned to England.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Frome, General Edward Charles

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​Frome, General Edward Charles, was a lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, and arrived in South Australia with a surveying party of sappers and miners in 1836. He succeeded Captain Sturt as Surveyor-General in Oct. 1839, and was also Engineer-in-Chief till 1843. Returning to England, he became Colonel Commandant R.E., and rose to the rank of General in 1877. He died on Feb. 12th, 1890, at the age of eighty-eight. He was formerly Governor of Guernsey.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Furner, Luke Lydiard

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​Furner, Luke Lydiard, M.P., represents Wallaroo in the Legislative Assembly of South Australia, and was Commissioner of Public Works in the Downer Ministry from June 1886 to June 1887. He was first returned for Wallaroo in 1878.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Gahan, Charles Frederick

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​Gahan, Charles Frederick, F.R.G.S., sometime Postmaster-General, Western Australia, entered the Royal Navy in June 1862, and served for about eleven and a half years, principally at the Cape of Good Hope and on the east coast of Africa. He was specially employed under the India Office from 1875 to 1878, and under the Admiralty from June of the latter year till Nov. 1881. For four years subsequently he was Head Accountant and Acting Secretary of the Executive and Legislative Councils of Mauritius. In 1885 he was despatched on special service to the Bahamas, and in 1887 was appointed to succeed Mr. Helmich as Postmaster-General and Superintendent of Telegraphs in Western Australia, both which posts he held till his death on April 27th, 1889, at the age of forty-three years.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education, Health

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION, Health. See Health Education.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education, Indian

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION, Indian. See Indian, Education of.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kohler, Josef

Edition of 1920. See also Josef Kohler on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOHLER, kō'lėr, Josef, German jurist, author and poet: b. Offenburg, 9 March 1849. He studied at Offenburg and Rastatt gymnasiums and Freiburg and Heidelberg universities. He became doctor of laws (1873) and was appointed judge at Mannheim (1874). He obtained the degree of professor at Würzburg (1878) and Berlin (1888). Through his many contributions to the Zeitschrift für vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft and other law journals he aided much in advancing the comparative history of law. He wrote on this subject such important works as ‘Moderne Rechtsfragen bei islamitischen Juristen’ (Würzburg 1885); ‘Das chinesische Strafrecht’ (ib. 1886); ‘Rechtsvergleichende Studien über islamitisches Recht, das Recht der Berbern, das chinesische Recht und das Recht auf Ceylon’ (Berlin 1889); ‘Altdeutsches Prozessrecht’ (Stuttgart 1891). On civil law he wrote ‘Einführung in die Rechtswissenschaft’ (Leipzig 1902); ‘Beiträge zur germanischen Privatrechtsgeschichte’ (Würzburg 1883-88);
‘Deutsches Patentrecht’ (Mannheim 1878); ‘Handbuch des deutsches Patentrechts’ (ib. 1900-01); ‘Forschungen aus dem Patentrecht’ (ib. 1888); ‘Das Autorrecht’ (Jena 1880); ‘Aus dem Patent- und Industrierecht’ (Mannheim 1888); ‘Das literarische und artistische Kunstwerk und sein Autorschutz’ (Mannheim 1892); ‘Das Recht des Markenschutzes’ (Würzburg 1885); ‘Kunstwerkrecht’ (1908). He treated the philosophical side of law in such works as ‘Shakespeare vor dem Forum der Jurisprudenz’ (Würzburg 1883); ‘Das Recht als Kulturer scheinung’ (ib. 1885); ‘Das Wesen der Strafe’ (ib. 1888). On the subject of the history of art he wrote ‘Aus dem Lande der Kunst’ (Würzburg 1882); ‘Aesthetische Streifereien’ (Mannheim 1889); ‘Zur- Charakteristik Richard Wagners’ (ib. 1893). As poet he wrote ‘Lyrische Gedichte und Balladen’ (Berlin 1892); ‘Feuermythus oder Apotheose des Menschengeistes; nach Motiven der polynesischen Sage’ (ib. 1893); ‘Der Liebestod: nach motiven der mexikanischen Ueberlieferung’ (ib. 1893); ‘Neue Dichtungen’ (ib. 1895) ‘Dantes Heilige Reise’ (Cologne 1901-03); ‘Aus Petrarcas Sonettenschatz’ (Berlin 1902-03). He, together with Viktor Ring, founded and published Archiv für bürgerliches Recht und Berliner juristischen Beiträge.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kohlrausch, Friedrich

Edition of 1920. See also Friedrich Kohlrausch on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOHLRAUSCH, kōl'roush, Friedrich, German physicist: b. Rinteln, 14 Oct. 1840; d. Marburg, 1910. He studied at Erlangen and Göttingen, and was teacher (docent) at the Frankfort Physikalischer Verein (1864). He became assistant professor (1870) and was appointed professor, successively, of the Polytechnikum, Zürich (1870); Darmstädter Polytechnikum (1871), and at Wurzburg (1875) and Strassburg (1888). He was appointed president of the Physikalischtechnischen Austalt (Imperial Physico-technical Institute) of Berlin (1895), and honorary professor of the Berlin University (1899). In 1905 he retired to reside at Marburg. His work was chiefly in the realm of electric currents, resistance, the constitution of galvanic currents, the defining of the Ohm and electro-chemical equivalents, thermo-electricity and conductivity of heat, total reflection of light, elasticity of matter, and especially reaction of elasticity. He constructed numerous magnetic and electric measuring instruments, a bifilar-magnetometer, an intensity-variation meter, a voltmeter, a switch-rheostat, etc. His exposition of the most important methods of measurements in physics is expounded in his ‘Leitfaden der praktischen Physik’ (Leipzig 1870; 10th ed., 1905), and ‘Lehrbuch der praktischen Physik’ (1910) which latter was a 10th revised edition. His work in the field of electrolysis has been termed “epoch-making.” He wrote also ‘Ueber die Leitungswiderstand des Quicksilbers’ (Munich 1888); ‘Das Leitvermögen der Elektrolyte, bis besondere der Lösungen’ (Leipzig 1898); ‘Kleiner Leitfaden der praktischen Physik’ (lib. 1900). The latter is an elementary work based on his ‘Leitfaden.’
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kohlsaat, Herman Henry

Edition of 1920. See also H. H. Kohlsaat on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOHLSAAT, kōl'sät, Herman Henry, American publisher: b. Albion, Ill., 22 March 1853. He was educated in the public schools of Galena and Chicago, Ill., and after acting as traveling salesman for several years for Chicago firms became in 1880 a junior partner in a wholesale bakery. He became the originator of the “bakery lunch,” subsequently acquired a fortune in the bakery business and other enterprises. From 1891-93 he was part owner of the Inter-Ocean of Chicago. From 1894-1901 he was editor and publisher of the Chicago Evening Post and the Times-Herald. The latter, in 1901, was amalgamated with the Chicago Record into the Record-Herald of which paper he was editor, 1910-12. In 1912 he bought the Inter-Ocean, then bankrupt, succeeded in seeing it through another receivership in 1914 in which year he combined it with the Record-Herald, the new paper being known as the Chicago Herald. At the same time he retired from the publishing field. Consult Flower, E., ‘H. H. Kohlsaat’ (in Cosmopolitan Magazine, Vol. XXXV, p. 338, New York 1903); Wellman, W., ‘Mr. Kohlsaat of Chicago and His Part in the Political History Making of 1896’ (in Review of Reviews, Vol. XV, p. 41, New York 1897).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Koko-nor

Edition of 1920. See also Qinghai Lake on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOKO-NOR, kō'kō-nôr', or KUKU-NOR, a lake in Tibet, not far from the Chinese province of Kan-su, 100° E. and 37° N. It lies 9,975 feet above the level of the sea. Its very salt waters, exquisitely blue in color, cover 66 miles by 40. It is very rich in fish, in spite of the fact that its surface is frequently frozen for two to three months. It contains five islands, one with a Buddhist monastery. In the west it receives the waters of the river Buhaingol. In the south it is bordered by the southern part of the Kokonor Mountains (10,000 feet).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kopisch, August

Edition of 1920. See also August Kopisch on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOPISCH, kō'pĭsh, August, German poet and painter: b. Breslau, 26 May 1799; d. Berlin, 3 Feb. 1853. He studied art in the Prague Academy (1815) and in Vienna. From 1819 to 1822 he continued painting, when an injury to his hand disabled him, and he started on travels through Italy, and in Rome and Naples applied himself to the study of local poetry and archæology. It was he who discovered the famous “Blue Grotto” or “Grotto of the Nymphs” on the island of Capri. He returned to Germany in 1828 and received the title of professor in Berlin. He removed to Potsdam in 1847 and occupied himself in writing an account of the royal castles there and in the neighborhood. Most of his pictures are mere sketches. His witty poems, clever stories and translations, including one of Dante, are all included in his ‘Gesammelte Werke’ (1856).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kopitar, Bartholomæus

Edition of 1920. See also Jernej Kopitar on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
KOPITAR, kō'pē-tär, Bartholomæus or Jernej, Austrian philologist: b. Carniola, Austrian Hungary, 1780; d. 1844. He was educated at the German gymnasium of Laibach, and completed his studies at Vienna, where he became curator of the imperial library. In 1814 he set out on his travels through Europe, his tour embracing Germany, England, Italy and France, to which last country he went with the special mission of recovering the Slavic manuscripts carried off by the French in 1809. His contribution to philological science consists in pioneer work in Slavic grammar. His principal works are ‘Grammatik der slawischen Sprache in Krain, Kärnten, and Steiermark’ (1808); ‘Glagolita Clozianus’ (1836), and ‘Hesychii Glossographi Discipulus Russus’ (1839).