# The World Factbook (1982)/Denmark
## DENMARKDENMARK

* (See reference map V)

### LANDLAND

42,994 km$^2$ (exclusive of Greenland and Faroe Islands); 64% arable, 8% meadows and pastures, 11% forested, 17% other
Land boundaries: 68 km

### WATERWATER

Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 nm (fishing 200 nm)
Coastline: 3,379 km

### PEOPLEPEOPLE

Population: 5,125,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 0.1%
Nationality: noun—Dane(s); adjective—Danish
Ethnic divisions: homogeneous white population
Religion: 96% Evangelical Lutheran, 3% other Protestant and Roman Catholic, 1% other
Language: Danish; small German-speaking minority
Literacy: 99%
Labor force: 2,529,000 (1979 average); 8.2% agriculture, forestry, fishing, 21.0% manufacturing, 7.9% construction, 13.3% commerce, 6.8% transportation, 7.0% banking and business services, 34.1% social services; 6.9% average unemployment rate
Organized labor: 65% of labor force

### GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

Official name: Kingdom of Denmark
Type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Copenhagen
Political subdivisions: 14 counties, 277 communes, 88 towns
Legal system: civil law system; constitution adopted 1953; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universities of Copenhagen and Arhus; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
National holiday: birthday of the Queen, 16 April
Branches: legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and parliament (Folketing); executive power vested in Crown but exercised by Cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 2 superior courts, 106 lower courts
Government leaders: Queen MARGRETHE II; Prime Minister Anker J0RGENSEN
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: on call of prime minister but at least every four years (last election 8 December 1981)
Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic, Anker Jorgensen; Liberal, Henning Christophersen; Conservative, Poul Schltiter; Radical Liberal, Niels Helveg Petersen; Socialist Peopled, Gert Petersen; Communist, Joergen Jensen; Left Socialist, Preben Wilhjelm; Center Democratic, Erhard Jakobsen; Christian Peopled, Christian Christensen; Justice, Poul Gerhard Kristiansen; Trade and Industry Party, Asger J. Lindinger; Progress Party, Mogens Glistrup
Voting strength (1981 election): 32.9% Labor, 11.3% Liberal, 14.4% Conservative, 8.9% Progress, 11.3% Socialist Peopled, 5.1% Radical Liberal, 2.6% Left Socialist, 8.3% Center Democrats, 2.3% Christian, 1.4% Justice
Communists: 7,500-8,000; a number of sympathizers, as indicated by 34,625 Communist votes cast in 1981 elections
Member of: ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, EC, EEC, ELDO (observer), EMA, ESRD, EURATOM, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMCO, IMF, IPU, ISO, ITC, ITU, IWC—International Wheat Council, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG

### ECONOMYECONOMY

GNP: $64.6 billion (1980), $12,623 per capita; 51.6% private consumption, 18.8% investment, 27.5% government, 3.5% net foreign sector and stock building; 1980 growth rate —0.2%, constant prices
Agriculture: highly intensive, specializes in dairying and animal husbandry; main crops—cereals, root crops; food imports—oilseed, grain, feedstuffs; caloric intake, 3,180 calories per day per capita (1968-69)
Fishing: catch 1.7 million metric tons (1979), exports $707 million 1979 (est.)
Major industries: food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemical products, electronics, transport equipment, metal products, bricks and mortar, furniture and other wood products
Crude steel: 863,000 metric tons produced (1978), 170 kg per capita
Electric power: 7,000,000 kW capacity (1980); 25.438 billion kWh produced (1980), 4,960 kWh per capita
Exports: $16.5 billion (f.o.b., 1980); principal items—meat, dairy products, industrial machinery and equipment, ​textiles and clothing, chemical products, transport equipment, fish, furs, and furniture
Imports: $19.2 billion (c.i.f., 1980); principal items—industrial machinery, transport equipment, petroleum, textile fibers and yarns, iron and steel products, chemicals, grain and feedstuffs, wood and paper
Major trade partners: 49.5% EC-nine (18.8% West Germany, 13.2% UK); 13.0% Sweden; 5.0% US (1979)
Aid: donor—economic aid authorized (ODA and OOF) $1.7 billion (1970-79)
Budget: (1981) expenditures $24.2 billion, revenues $21.36 billion
Monetary conversion rate: 5.6359 Kroner=US$1 (1980)
Fiscal year: calendar year, beginning 1 January

### COMMUNICATIONSCOMMUNICATIONS

Railroads: 2,770 km standard gauge (1.435 m); Danish State Railways (DSB) operate 2,120 km (1,999 km rail line and 121 km rail ferry services); 97 km electrified, 730 km double tracked; 650 km of standard gauge lines are privately owned and operated
Highways: approximately 66,482 km total; 64,551 km concrete, bitumen, or stone block; 1,931 km gravel, crushed stone, improved earth
Inland waterways: 417 km
Pipelines: refined products, 418 km
Ports: 16 major, 44 minor
Civil air: 55 major transport aircraft, including 5 leased out
Airfields: 178 total, 121 usable; 24 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 6 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: excellent telephone, telegraph, and broadcast services; 3.11 million telephones (60.8 per 100 popl.); 1 AM, 37 FM, and 30 TV stations; 16 submarine coaxial cables

### DEFENSE FORCESDEFENSE FORCES

Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,294,000; 1,094,000 fit for military service; 41,000 reach military age (20) annually