OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Statement on meeting to discuss the American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan (Douglas)

Delivered on 2 February 2009.
Barack Obama also delivered these remarks on 2 February 2009.
Well, Mr. President, thank you for your time today. Thank you for your leadership on matters of great importance to the American people. You were gracious in reaching out to the governors of our country in December before you took office. We had an opportunity at that time to discuss the economic crisis, the fiscal crisis that's confronting most of our states. And we indicated that we needed some assistance from the federal government to stimulate the economy, to create jobs, to help us balance our budgets and preserve essential programs for the American people and avoid the need to raise taxes at the state level.
The House of Representatives has passed a bill, and we look forward to working with your administration, with the senators and members of the House to fashion a piece of legislation that fulfills the goals that we have articulated.
I know there are some differences of opinion on some of the elements. And if I were writing it, it might be a little different. If you were writing it, it might be a little different. But the essence of a recovery package is essential to get our nation's economy moving.
And it's not just a matter of the bigger picture or numbers, it's really quite personal, in many cases. On my floor alone in the office building where I work, four relatives of employees have lost their jobs over the last couple of weeks. So this is a serious matter. It's the kind of recession that is deep, that appears to be long, and the only way we're going to get the country moving again is a partnership between the states and the federal government.
So we appreciate your hard work and look forward to coming to some conclusion in the very near future so we can get America moving again.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, Frederick Manners

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, Frederick Manners, 1s. Hon. Edward, of London, arm. Christ Church, matric. 23 May, 1850, aged 18; B.A. 1854, M.A. 1860, rector of Tichmarsh, Northants, 1861, hon. chaplain to the Queen 1862-86, chaplain-in-ordinary 1886. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, James Thomas, Viscount

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, James Thomas, Viscount, s. James George, Earl of Courtown. Christ Church, matric. 31 Jan., 1812, aged 17; B.A. 1815, 4th Earl of Courtown, M.P. co. Wexford 1820-30, died 20 Nov., 1858. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, Joshua

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, Joshua, s. Josh., of Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, pleb. Brasenose Coll., matric. 13 July, 1719, aged 20; B.A. 1724, father of William 1755.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, Richard Bruce

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, Richard Bruce, s. James, Earl of Courtown. Christ Church, matric. 30 April, 1792, aged 18; B.A. 1796, M.A. 1799, rector of Barton Seagrave, Northants, 1798, vicar of Nuneaton, co. Warwick, 1803, chaplain to the Queen, preb. of Hereford 1810, canon of Windsor 1812, until his death 2 Dec., 1844, father of the next named. See Foster's Peerage & Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, Sackville George

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, Sackville George. Christ Church, 1858. See Sackville, page 1241.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, William Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, William Edward, 3s. Robert Fanshawe, of Guildford, Surrey, arm. Wadham Coll., matric. 30 May, 1868, aged 19. See Foster's Peerage, E. Courtown.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Storer, John (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Storer, John, s. John, of St. Mary, Nottingham (town), doctor. Christ Church, matric. 20 Oct., 1800, aged 18; B.A. 1805, M.A. 1808, rector of Hawksworth, Notts, 1808, until his death 4 Feb., 1837.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, Robert

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, Robert, 7s. Richard Bruce, of Barton Seagrave, Northants, cler. Brasenose Coll., matric. 19 April, 1831, aged 18; died 25 May, 1878.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, George Powys

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, George Powys, 1s. Hon. Richard Bruce, of Petersham, Surrey, cler. Christ Church, matric. 16 Oct., 1819, aged 18, B.A. 1823; fellow All Souls' Coll. 1823-7, M.A. 1831, rector of Warkton 1826, and of Barton Seagrave, Northants, 1864, until his death 28 Dec., 1867.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stopford, William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stopford, William, s. Joshua, of Oldham, Lancashire, cler. Brasenose Coll., matric. 15 May, 1755, aged 20; B.A. 1759, 2nd master Louth Grammar School, rector of Wyham, co Lincoln, died in 1817. See Manchestcr School Reg., i. 44.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, Samuel

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, Samuel, 3s. William, of Clapham, Surrey, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 27 Jan., 1823, aged 17, B.A. 1826, M.A. 1829, B. & D.D. 1845; hon. fellow All Souls' Coll. 1871-3, bishop of Oxford 1845-69, of Winchester 1869-73, on council of Keble College 1871-3, lord high almoner, prelate of the Order of the Garter, curate of Checkendon, Oxon, 1828-9, rector of Brighstone, Isle of Wight, 1830, of Alverstoke, Hants, 1840, preb. of Winchester 1840-4, archdeacon of Surrey 1841-4, dean of Westminster 1844-5, died 19 July, 1873; for list of his works see Crockford. See also Alumni West., 38.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, William Francis

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, William Francis, 1s. Robert Isaac, of East Farleigh, Kent, archdeacon of the East Riding, of Yorkshire. Balliol Coll., matric. 17 March, 1852, aged 18; scholar University Coll. 1853-9, B.A. 1856, M.A. 1858, a student of Lincoln's Inn 1854, F.R.S., F.G.S., vicar of Royston, Yorks, 1862-73, of St. Mary's, Oldham, 1873-6, of St. John's, Micklegate, Yorks, 1876-82, and of Fulford 1882. See Foster's Yorkshire Collection & Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, Henry William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, Henry William, 4s. William, of Clapham, Surrey, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 16 March, 1826, aged 18; B.A. 1830, M.A. 1833, a student of Lincoln's Inn 1831, vicar of Walmer 1841-3, of East Farleigh, Kent, 1843, until he seceded to Rome in 1850, died 23 April, 1873.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, Robert Isaac

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, Robert Isaac, 2s. William, of Clapham, Surrey, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 14 Feb., 1820, aged 17; B.A. 1824, M.A. 1827, fellow 1826-33, sub-dean and tutor 1828-31, vicar of Burton Agnes, Yorks, 1840-56, archdeacon of the East Riding and canon of York 1841, until he seceded to Rome in 1856, died at Albans 3 Feb., 1857.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilbraham, Cecil Grenville

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilbraham, Cecil Grenville, 2s. Henry, of Hartford, Cheshire, arm. Merton Coll., matric. 10 April, 1886, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilbraham, Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilbraham, Edward, s. Edward, of Cirencester, co. Gloucester, gent. University Coll., matric. 27 June, 1777, aged 16; B.A. 1781 (his son Edward, Q.C. and a bencher of Lincoln's Inn 1842, died 15 Sep., 1859).
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, Edward, born at East Farleigh, Kent, 2s. Robert Isaac, archdeacon of the East Riding of Yorkshire. Balliol Coll., matric. 21 June, 1854, aged 19; bar.-at-law, Inner Temple, 1866, a revising barrister (North-Eastern Circuit) 1885, See Foster's Men at the Bar & Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, William, o.s. William, of Brompton, Middlesex, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 26 March, 1840, aged 18; B.A. from St. Mary Hall 1846, M.A. 1849, of Markington, Yorks, bar.-at-law, Lincoln's Inn, 1849. See Foster's Men at the Bar & Yorkshire Collection.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilberforce, Ernest Roland

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilberforce, Ernest Roland, born at 'Brighstone,' Isle of Wight, 2s. Samuel, bishop of Oxford. Exeter Coll., matric. 6 May, 1859, aged 19; B.A. 1864, M.A. 1865, D.D. by diploma 15 June, 1882, rector of Middleton Stony, Oxon, 1866-9, sub-almoner to the Queen 1871-82, canon of Winchester, and warden of the Wilberforce Missionary College, Winchester, 1878-82, 1st bishop of Newcastle-on-Tyne 1882.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Wilbraham, Donald Fortescue

From volume 4 of the work.
​Wilbraham, Donald Fortescue, 1s. Henry, of Bowdon, Cheshire, arm. Trinity Coll., matric. 17 Oct., 1885, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Somaster, Joseph

From volume 4 of the work.
​Somaster, Joseph, s. Joseph, of Kingsbridge, Devon, gent. Hart Hall, matric. 2 April, 1723, aged 18; B.A. from Balliol Coll. 1726, M.A. 1729.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Sollers, Thomas (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Sollers, Thomas, s. Thomas, of Winchester (city), cler. Pembroke Coll., matric. 30 March, 1748, aged 19.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Solly, George Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Solly, George Edward, 1s. Edward Harrison, of West Heath, near Congleton, Cheshire, arm. Magdalen Coll., matric. 24 Jan., 1874, aged 18; B.A. 1877, M.A. 1880.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Sollers, Thomas (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Sollers, Thomas, s. Thomas, of Worcester (city), pleb. Magdalen Hall, matric. 8 April, 1717, aged 18; rector of St. Michael's, Winchester, vicar of Blandford, Dorset, 1737, father of Thomas 1748.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Solomon, Joseph

From volume 4 of the work.
​Solomon, Joseph, 4s. Lewis, of Bristol, arm. Corpus Christi Coll., matric. 18 Oct., 1871, aged 18; scholar Balliol Coll. 1871-7, B.A. 1877, M.A. 1883, a student of the Inner Temple 1879.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Somaster, William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Somaster, William, s. Jos., of Kingsbridge, Devon, gent. Balliol Coll., matric. 12 Dec., 1718, aged 16; B.A. 1722, M.A. 1729.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Sollis, William

From volume 4 of the work.
​Sollis, William, s. William, of Chipping Campden, co. Gloucester, gent. Pembroke Coll., matric. 24 March, 1809, aged 16; scholar 1812-6, B.A. 1812, M.A. 1815, rector of West Putford, and perp. curate Wolfardisworthy, Devon, 1823, vicar of Fenton, co. Stafford, 1839, until his death 14 Feb., 1873.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Solloway, John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Solloway, John, o.s. Henry, of Chorley, Lancashire, gent. Non-Coll., matric. 3 Oct., 1883, aged 23; B.A. 1888.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Soltau, William Francis

From volume 4 of the work.
​Soltau, William Francis, 3s. George, of Plympton St. Mary, Devon, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 23 March, 1831, aged 18; B.A. 1835, B.Med. 1838, died 30 July, 1864.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Somers, Benjamin Edward

From volume 4 of the work.
​Somers, Benjamin Edward, 1s. Thomas, of Mendip Lodge, Somerset, arm. Merton Coll., matric. 15 Oct., 1870, aged 18; B.A. & M.A. 1880, of Mendip Lodge, Somerset, J.P., bar.-at-law, Lincoln's Inn, 1877. See Foster's Men at the Bar.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, John (1)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, John, s. William, of Cannon Hall, Yorks, arm. University Coll., matric. 27 Oct., 1737, aged 18; bar.-at-law, Middle Temple, 1743, bencher 1772.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, George John Trevor

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, George John Trevor, s. William, of St. George's, London, arm. University Coll., matric. 22 April, 1817, aged 17; B.A. 1822, created D.D. 16 June, 1847, incumbent of Buxton 1824-9, rector of Leaden Roding, Essex, 1829-37, bishop of Madras 1837-49, coadjutor bishop of Bath and Wells, chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral 1860, rector of Walton-on-the-Wolds, co. Leicester, 1861, until his death 16 July, 1866. See Foster's Peerage, D. Marlborough.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, Henry Banks

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, Henry Banks, 1s. Henry, of Chippenham, Wilts, arm. Magdalen Hall, matric. 7 June, 1870, aged 35.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, Henry John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, Henry John, s. George, 'earl' (sic). Christ Church, matric. 14 Nov., 1787, aged 16; created M.A. 18 March, 1790, as 2nd son of the Duke of Marlborough, M.P, Woodstock 1790-5, died 3 July, 1795. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, Hugh

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, Hugh, 3s. Charles Innes, of Bojh, East Indies, arm. Magdalen Coll., matric. 21 Oct. 1886, aged 18; demy 1886, of the Indian Civil Service 1886.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, Isaac

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, Isaac, 1s. Isaac, of Poppleton ('Ide omn. sanct. in civ : Ebor'), Yorks, arm. St. Mary Hall, matric. 23 June, 1830, aged 34; B.A. 1834, M.A. 1837, vicar of Acomb, Yorks, 1836, until his death 26 March, 1879.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, James Lehmann

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, James Lehmann, o.s. James, of Ockbrook, co. Derby, gent. Non-Coll., matric. 25 Jan., 1879, aged 21.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, John (2)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, John, s. William, of Hellidon, Northants, pleb. Hart Hall, matric. 17 May, 1738, aged 17; B.A. 26 Feb., 1741-2.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, Henry George

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, Henry George, 5s. Francis Almeric, Baron Churchill. Christ Church, matric. 25 Oct., 1832, aged 18; B.A. 1835, died 2 July, 1851. See Foster's Peerage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Spencer, John (3)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Spencer, John (1s. Lord Charles), created D.C.L. 4 July, 1793, M.P. Wilton 1801-4, died 17 Dec., 1831, father of Frederick Charles. See Foster's Peerage, D. Marlborough.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, Henry Jessop

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, Henry Jessop, o.s. Henry Robert, of Sutton, Surrey, gent. Brasenose Coll., matric. 15 Jan., 1883, aged 19; of Havering-atte-Bower, Essex.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, Rev. Darwell

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, Rev. Darwell, 4s. George, of Rossett, co. Denbigh, cler. Merton Coll., matric. 12 Oct., 1878, aged 19; B.A. 1882, M.A. 1885, vice-principal Dorchester Missionary College 1884.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, George Henry

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, George Henry, 1s. George Robins, of St. Helier's, Jersey, gent. New Coll., matric. 5 Feb., 1877, aged 20; B. Mus. 1879.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, Henry

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, Henry, 3s. Thomas Arthur, of St. James's, Westminster (city), arm. Exeter Coll., matric. 14 May, 1851, aged 18; B.A. 1855, M.A. 1857, rector of Croydon, co. Cambridge, 1864. See Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, John, s. Benjamin, of Hereford (city), pleb. St. John's Coll., matric. 1 July, 1748, aged 17; B.C.L. 1754, D.C.L. 1758, vicar of Hillingly, Sussex, 1754.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, John Rhys

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, John Rhys, 4s. Henry, of Llanblethian, near Cowbridge, arm. Hertford Coll., matric. 18 Oct., 1883, aged 17.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, Park Nelson

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, Park Nelson, 2s. William, of Fulham, Surrey, arm. Balliol Coll., matric. 19 Oct., 1886, aged 18.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, George John

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, George John, 1s. George, of Transton, Suffolk, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 14 May, 1835, aged 18; B.A. 1839, M.A. 1845, of Feltham Lodge and Poyle, Middlesex, committee clerk House of Commons. See Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, John Spencer

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, John Spencer, 1s. Robert, of 'Bapt' Somershall (? Somersal-Herbert), co. Derby, arm. Christ Church, matric. 4 Dec., 1829, aged 19; a student of the Inner Temple 1833. See Eton School Lists.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Stone, Richard

From volume 4 of the work.
​Stone, Richard, s. Richard, of Alphington, Devon, arm. Queen's Coll., matric. 25 May, 1742, aged 17.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wismar

Edition of 1879. See also Wismar on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WISMAR, a seaport town of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany, on a bay of the Baltic, 18 m. N. of Schwerin; pop. in 1871, 13,883. It has an excellent harbor, over 50 registered vessels, a fine Gothic and five other churches, a new town hall, a gymnasium, a school of navigation, and other public buildings. Machinery, tobacco, and chiccory are the chief manufactures, and grain is the principal export. Wismar was one of the Hanse towns. Under the treaty of Westphalia of 1648 it was annexed to Sweden; in 1803 it was restored to Mecklenburg. The neighboring Wenndorff has been a watering place since 1867.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wister, Annis Lee

Edition of 1879. See also Annis Lee Wister on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WISTER, Annis Lee, an American authoress, born in Philadelphia about 1840. She is a daughter of the Rev. William Henry Furness, and the wife of Caspar Wister, a physician of Philadelphia. She has translated from the German “Seaside and Fireside Fairies,” by Georg Blum and Ludwig Wahl (Philadelphia, 1864); “The Old Mamselle's Secret” (1868) “Gold Elsie” (1868), and “The Countess Gisela” (1869), by Eugenie John (E. Marlitt); “Only a Girl, or a Physician for the Soul,” by Wilhelmine von Hillern (1870); and Hackländer's “Enchanting and Enchanted” (1870).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wodrow, Robert

* related authors: Robert Wodrow.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
Edition of 1879. See also Robert Wodrow on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​WODROW, Robert, a Scottish historian, born in Glasgow in 1679, died March 21, 1734. He was educated at the university of Glasgow, studied theology, and in 1698 became university librarian. In 1703 he was ordained minister of the parish of Eastwood. He published a "History of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland from the Restoration to the Revolution" (2 vols. fol., Edinburgh, 1721-'2); a life of his father (1828); and a series of memoirs of ministers of the church of Scotland, selections from which were printed for the Maitland club (3 vols., 1834-'45). He left a large collection of manuscripts, chiefly relating to Scottish ecclesiastical affairs, parts of which have been printed by the Wodrow society, established in 1841.
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wistar, Caspar

Edition of 1879. See also Caspar Wistar (physician) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WISTAR, Caspar, an American physician, born in Philadelphia, Sept 13, 1761, died there, Jan. 22, 1818. He graduated M. D. at Edinburgh in 1786, and became professor of chemistry and physiology in the medical school of Philadelphia. From 1792 he was adjunct, and from 1808 till his death full professor of anatomy and surgery. From 1815 he was president of the American philpsophical society. He published “A System of Anatomy” (2 vols. 8vo, Philadelphia, 1811).
# The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Wistaria

Edition of 1879. See also Wisteria on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
WISTARIA, a genus of woody climbers of the family leguminosæ. The first species known was our native W. frutescens, which was placed by Linnæus in the genus glycine, from which on account of marked differences it was removed by Nuttall (1818) and placed in
a new genus, dedicated to Prof. Caspar Wistar of Philadelphia. In some nursery catalogues it is still enumerated as glycine. Our species is found from West Virginia and Illinois to Florida and Louisiana, in alluvial soils, climbing high upon trees; the pinnate leaves, with 9 to 15 lance-ovate leaflets, are downy when young, as are the young stems; the flowers are in dense hanging racemes 6 in. or more long, appearing in May and June at the ends of the recent shoots; the individual flowers are pea-shaped, with the large roundish standard turned back, bearing two callosities at the base, and the wing petals each have one short and one long appendage at the base; the smooth ovary ripens into a long, knobby pod, containing several seeds about the size of the garden bean. The flowers are usually of a delicate lilac purple, with a slight fragrance; there is a variety with pure white flowers.—The Chinese wistaria (W. Sinensis), a favorite in China and Japan, was introduced into England in 1816; it grows more rapidly than the native, and blooms much earlier; the flowers appear when the leaves are but partially developed, and are in longer, looser, more conical clusters than the preceding, and of a paler lilac color. It is largely planted in New York and other cities, where it climbs to the eaves of the tallest houses. There is also a white variety which is a most rampant grower, often extending 20 ft. in a season. A garden variety, called W. magnifica, is by some said to be a hybrid between the Chinese and the native, while others regard it as a large-flowered form of the latter, which it resembles in foliage, but has much finer clusters. The short-clustered wistaria (W. brachybotrys) is a low-growing Japanese species, with short racemes of large violet-colored flowers. W. multijuga has very long, slender, loose-flowered, branching clusters; this, and several others (including a
double-flowered variety), are of comparatively recent introduction. Though generally allowed to climb, the wistarias may be grown in the form of a pillar or a small tree by training the stems to a stake and properly pinching the growing shoots. The native species may be raised from seeds; the others are multiplied by layering, from cuttings, and the rare varieties by grafting upon the native.
Chinese Wistaria (Wistaria Sinensis).