OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Woman of the Century/Anna Elizabeth Stoddard

​STODDARD, Mrs. Anna Elizabeth, journalist and anti-secret-society agitator, born in Greensboro, Vt., 19th September, 1852. Her father was David Rollins, of English descent. Her mother was a Thompson, a direct descendant of the Scotch who settled in the vicinity of Plymouth, Mass. The family removed to Sheffield. Vt., when she was six years of age, and at eleven she was converted and joined the Free Baptist Church. Her parents then moved to Cambridge, Mass., where she had an excellent opportunity to gratify her love of books and study. Foremost in Sabbath-school and other church work, she was recognized as a leader among her young associates. ANNA ELIZABETH STODDARD. In 1880 she became the wife of John Tanner, jr. of Boston, an earnest Christian reformer and strongly opposed to secret orders. He died in September, 1883, and she went south to engage in Christian work. In December, 1885, she became the wife of Rev. J. P. Stoddard, secretary and general agent of the National Christian Association, with head- quarters in Chicago, 111. With her husband she has labored in several parts of the country along the lines of reforms. Always an advocate of temperance, she united at an early age with the Good Templars in Massachusetts, and occupied every' chair given to women and became a member of the Grand Lodge. Finding that most of the time during the meetings was spent on trivial matters of a routine character, to the exclusion of practical, aggressive work against the liquor traffic, she came to the conclusion that it was a hindrance rather than a help to true gospel temperance work. She severed her connection with the order and gave her energies to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, which had just come to the front. She has with pen and voice actively espoused that reform, organizing in different parts of the South Woman's Christian Temperance Unions and Bands of Hope. Having been located in Washington, D. C. for a year or more, she was led to establish a mission- school for colored children, to whom she taught the English branches, with the addition of an industrial department and a young ladies' class. A Sabbath-school was organized in connection with that work, with a system of house-to-house visitations, and a home for the needy and neglected children of that class was established, largely through her efforts. Since January, 1890, her residence has been in Boston, Mass. There her labors have been numerous, the most important of which is the publishing of a monthly paper for women, called "Home Light," designed to encourage those who are opposed to secretism and to enlighten others as to the evils of the same. The financial responsibilities have rested entirely on her from its inception. She espouses the cause of woman suffrage and takes an interest in all the reforms of the day, believing that to oppose one evil to the neglect of others is not wise nor Christian.
# Woman of the Century/Anna Cora Mowatt Ritchie

​RITCHIE, Mrs. Anna Cora Mowatt, author and actor, born in Bordeaux, France, in 1819, and died in London, Eng., 28th July, 1870. She was the daughter of Samuel Gouverneur Ogden, a New York merchant, who was living temporarily in France at the time of her birth. She was the tenth in a family of seventeen children. She lived near Bordeaux until 1826, when the family returned to New York City. Cora entered school. At the age of fourteen she won the affection of James Mowatt, a young lawyer, who persuaded her to marry him that he might superintend her studies. Her parents approved the engagement, and stipulated that the union should be postponed until she was seventeen years old. ANNA CORA MOWATT RITCHIE. The young lovers were secretly married, and the parents soon forgave them. For two years Mrs. Mowatt studied diligently, and in 1836 she published her "Pelayo, or the Cavern of Covadonga," under the name Isabel." That poetical romance elicited adverse criticism, and she replied to her critics in "Reviewers Reviewed," a satirical effusion, in 1837. Her health became impaired, and she went to Europe to recuperate. There, in 1840, she wrote her drama, "Gulzara, the Persian Slave," which was played after her return to New York City. Mr. Mowatt suffered financial reverses, and Mrs. Mowatt gave a series of dramatic readings in Boston, New York and Providence in 1841. Ill health forced her to leave the stage. Mr. Mowatt entered business as a publisher, and she returned to literature. Under the pen-name "Helen Berkley" she wrote a series of stories for the magazines that were widely read, translated into German and republished in London. Her play, "Fashion, a Comedy," was a success in New York and Boston, and, when her husband failed a second time in business, she decided to go on the stage. On 13th June, 1845, she appeared as Pauline in "The Lady of Lyons," and was successful. In 1847 she wrote another play, "Armand, or the Peer and the Peasant," which was well received. She then went to England, in company with Edward L. Davenport, and on 5th January, 1848, she made her debut in London in "The Hunchback." She returned to New York in 1851. Her husband died in that year. She remained on the stage until 3rd June, 1854. On 7th June, 1854, she became the wife of William F. Ritchie, of Richmond, Va. In 1860 she was recalled to New York to attend her father in his last illness. Her health was impaired, and after her father's death she went to Europe, where she spent the time with relatives in Paris, Rome and Florence. Her second husband died in 1868. and she went again to England, where she remained till her death. Her other works include: "The Fortune Hunter," a novel (1842); "Evelyn, or a Heart Unmasked: a Tale of Domestic Life" (two volumes, Philadelphia. 1845, and London, 1850); "The Autobiography of an Actress: or Eight Years on the Stage" (Boston, 1854); "Mimic Life: or Before and Behind the Curtain" (1855); "Twin Roses" (1857); "Fairy Fingers, a Novel" (New York, 1865); "The Mute Singer, a Novel" (1866), and "The Clergyman's Wife, and Other Sketches" (1867).
# Woman of the Century/Anna Christy Fall

​FALL, Mrs. Anna Christy, lawyer, born in Chelsea, Mass., 23rd April, 1855. She acquired ​her early education in the public schools of that city, graduating from the high school in 1873 Six years later she entered the College of Liberal Arts of Boston University. There she was graduated in ANNA CHRISTY FALL. 1883 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. She at once commenced a post-graduate course of study, and in 1884 received the degree of Master of Arts. The following September she became the wife of one of her class-mates, George Howard Fall, of Maiden. Mass., who was then teaching, but who immediately after marriage commenced the study of law. Five years later she began the study of law, having become deeply interested in it as a result of going into court and taking notes for her husband, who had meanwhile entered upon the practice of his profession in Boston, Mass. In March, 1889. she entered the Boston University Law School. In December, 1890, while still a student in the school, she took the examination for admission to the Boston bar, bring the only woman among forty applicants. Twenty-eight of these, including Mrs. Fall, succeeded in passing and were sworn in before the Supreme Court of Massachusetts the following January. In June, 1891, Mrs. Fall graduated from the law school, taking the honor of magna cum laude. During the following autumn and winter she lectured in various parts of the State on the "Position of Women under the Massachusetts Law," and kindred subjects. She is now, although the mother of two children, engaged with her husband in the practice of law, and in November, 1891, won her first case before a jury, one of the ablest and most noted lawyers of Massachusetts being the principal counsel on the opposite side. That case was the first jury case in Massachusetts tried by a woman. Mrs. Fall is at present a member of the Maiden School Board.
# Woman of the Century/Eliza Putnam Heaton

​HEATON, Mrs. Eliza Putnam, journalist and editor, born in Danvers, Mass., 8th August, 1860. She is the daughter of the late Rev. James W. Putnam, a Universalist minister. She comes from Revolutionary ancestry. She was in youth a delicate girl and attended school irregularly. In 1882 she was graduated from the Boston University with the first Tionors of her class. In that year she became the wife of John L. Hcaton, then associate-editor of the Brooklyn "Daily Times." Her newspaper work as an occasional contributor to the columns of that paper began almost immediately. In 1S86 she took an office desk and position upon the editorial staff of the "Times." For four years her pen was busy in nearly every department of the paper, her work appearing mostly on the editorial page and in the special sheets of the Saturday edition, and ranging from politics to illustrated city sketches, for which her camera furnished the pictures. She handled the exchange editor's scissors and did a vast deal of descriptive writing and interviewing. Almost coincident with her engagement upon the "Times" was her entrance into the syndicate field. Through a prominent syndicate publishing firm of New York she sent out an average of three New York letters per week, illustrated from photographs taken by herself, and dealing with men, women and current topics of the day. In September, 1888, she took passage from Liverpool to New York in the steerage of the Cunarder "Aurania," for the purpose of studying life among the emigrants. She not only landed with her fellow-travelers at Castle Garden, but accompanied them as far west as Chicago in an emigrant train. When the New York "Recorder" was started in 1891, she undertook a task never before attempted by any New York daily, to run a daily news page dealing with women's movements. The experiment was successful and had become recognized as the unique and especially attractive feature ​of the paper, when she resigned her charge to join her husband on the Providence "News," which he established in September of that year. From the first issue of the new daily Mr. and Mrs. Heaton were associated as joint-editors, and during a long and critical illness, into which Mr. Heaton fell at the end of the first few weeks of its existence, Mrs. Heaton was for months sole responsible editor. She has one child, a boy of eight years. She is a member of Sorosis and other women's clubs.
# Woman of the Century/Eliza Trask Hill

​HILL, Mrs. Eliza Trask, woman suffragist and journalist, born in Warren, Mass., 10th May, 1840. She is the youngest daughter of Rev. George Trask and Kuth Freeman Packard. On her father's ELIZA TRASK HILL. side she is of Scotch ancestry. Her mother was a daughter of Rev. Asa Packard, of Lancaster, and granddaughter of Col Josiah Quincy, of Quincy, Miss. Mrs. Hill inherits from both father and ​mother the spirit of reform, her father having been well known as a temperance, anti-slavery and anti-tobacco reformer. During the Civil War Mrs. Hill's great love of country led her to obtain, by subscription, and present a flag to the Fifteenth Massachusetts Regiment Her presentation speech was so filled with the fire of patriotism that it produced a marked effect and was widely quoted. For ten years she was a teacher. In June, 1867, she became the wife of John Lang Hill, of Boston. She is the mother of two sons and a daughter. She was one of the first to join the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and has served in an official capacity in that body from its beginning. She is now connected with the prison and jail department She has labored earnestly for the redemption of abandoned women, but, believing that preventive is more effectual than reformatory work, she has identified herself with the societies that care for and help the working girls. Since 1879, when the right of school suffrage was grunted to the women of Massachusetts, she has been actively engaged in politics, having worked for the Prohibition party. Her services as an advocate of the Australian ballot system were in great demand. During the public school agitation in Boston in 1888, when twenty-thousand women rescued the public schools from mismanagement. Mrs, Hill was among the leaders of the movement, making plans for the campaign, helping to rally the women, and by her addresses arousing both men and women. She is now, and has been for several years, the president of the ward and city committee of independent women voters, a recognized powerful political organization. The need of a party organ was felt, and Mrs. Hill, unaided at first, began the publication, in Boston, of a weekly newspaper, which is now cared for by a stock company of women. Mrs. Hill is editor of the paper, which is called the "Woman's Voice and Public School Champion. "
# Woman of the Century/Elizabeth B. Fairbanks

​FAIRBANKS, Mrs. Elizabeth B., philanthropist, born in Elbridge. Onondaga county, N.Y., 17th October, 1831. Her father was Dr. Jared W. Wheeler, a physician of considerable prominence. Her mother's maiden name was Electa Brown, a Quakeress by birth and education, having received school instruction at the "Hive," under the supervision of the Motts. From such parentage she naturally inherited clear perceptions, generous impulses and a sympathetic heart, combined with pure aims and unusual practical ability. Her maiden name was Wheeler. She was educated in the Monroe Collegiate Institute. founded by her uncle, Nathan Monroe, and in the Auburn Female Seminary. In 1857 she became the wife of John I. Fairbanks, of the firm of Ford & Fairbanks, booksellers in Milwaukee, Wis. , in which city they have ever since resided. Her benevolent work in that city commenced the first Sabbath after her arrival, and as her husband was a young deacon in the First Presbyterian Church, mission-school work claimed her early attention. She was one of the prime movers in various local charities, which have enlarged and broadened as time has advanced. She took to the State of Wisconsin the first plans for the organization of the present associated charities, and to her efforts is due in large measure the securing of the Wisconsin Slate Public School for Dependent Children. In 1880 she was appointed by the governor a member of the State Board of Charities and Reform, on which she served for a period of ​eleven years, being the only woman member. During that time the board became noted for its advanced views and methods of treating and caring for the chronic insane in the county asylums, a ELIZABETH B. FAIRBANKS. system pronounced by all who have investigated it superior to any other ever devised. By virtue of her official position and attention to its duties she soon became familiar with the condition and management of every institution in the State, winning friends wherever she went and becoming a welcome visitor and valued adviser both to officials and inmates, irrespective of nationality, religion or creed.
# Woman of the Century/Eliza J. Thompson

​THOMPSON, Mrs. Eliza J., temperance reformer and original crusader, born in Hillsborough, Ohio, in 1813. She is the wife of Judge Thompson, of Hillsborough. She was early led ELIZA J. THOMPSON. into temperance work, both by her own inclinations and by the influence of her father, the late Governor Trimble, of Ohio. In her youth she accompanied her father to Saratoga Springs, N. Y., to attend a national temperance convention, and was the only woman in that meeting. On 23rd December, 1873, in Hillsborough, she opened the temperance movement that in a few weeks culminated in the Woman's Temperance Crusade. She was, by common consent of all the churches in her town, chosen the leader of the first band of women who set out to visit the saloons. That movement was a success in many ways, and much of its success is to be credited to Mrs. Thompson. She is now living in Hillsborough. She has one son, a distinguished clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
# Woman of the Century/Eliza Maria Gillespie

​GILLESPIE, Miss Eliza Maria, religious devotee, known in the Roman Catholic Church as Mother Mary of Saint Angela, born in Brownsville, Pa.. 21st February, 1824, in the Gillespie homestead, in which was reared a whole family of this name. When a son or a daughter was married, a wing was added to the homestead, in which to establish a new colony. In one of these wings was born James Gillespie Blaine. Eliza Maria was the oldest daughter of John P. and Mary Myers Gillespie. The father died while the children were still young, and their mother removed to Lancaster, Ohio. Eliza Maria was placed in school with the Dominican Sisters in Somerset. Perry county, Ohio, and afterward with the Sisters of the Visitation, in Georgetown, D. C, where she became a favorite for her talents and engaging qualities. She was graduated from that institution with the highest honors. The few years she spent in the world were marked by the most earnest work for the sick and distressed, especially the victims of the cholera in 1849 In 1853 she entered the Congregation of the Holy Cross, taking the name of Saint Angela to be known as "Mother Angela." Almost immediately she sailed for Europe. She made her novitiate in France and took the vows of her religious profession at the hands of Rev. Father ​Moreau, the founder of the Congregation of the to indicate their part in the national crisis was the Holy Cross. ELIZA MARIA GILLESPIE. In 1855 she returned to the United spiked cannon, sent a few months after to Mother States and was made Superior of the Academy of Angela and her community, as a recognition of St. Mary's, then in Bertrand, Mich., to be removed their services, by the commander of the division in which they labored. From their return from the war, a new energy pervaded the ranks of the Sisters of the Holy Cross. Called for from the Atlantic to the Pacific, from the Northwest to Texas, asylums, hospitals, schools from parochial to academy and normal, were opened by the vigilant and enthusiastic Mother Angela, and their departments were overlooked with an eye to perfection. She was generous to the sick, outside her own wards, to the needy of all sorts. She died 4th March, 1887. A woman of genius, who would have had a brilliant career in the world, "she was," as her cousin, Mrs. Ellen Ewing Sherman, wrote, "one, of whose noble and exalted qualities, loving heart and life of labor for her God, in whose bosom she is at rest, only poets could speak worthily." She was not to be distinguished by one line in her habit or one crimp in her cap from the least in her community, yet standing forth, in the radiance of a life devoted to God and humanity, as a typical American woman as well as a devoted religious one.
# Woman of the Century/Elizabeth Akers Allen

​ALLEN, Mrs. Elizabeth Akers, poet, born in Strong, Franklin county, Maine, 9th October, 1832 She inherited mental and physical vigor from her father, and delicacy and refinement from her mother, who died when Elizabeth was yet an infant. After her mother's death her father made his home in Farmington, Maine, where the poet's girlhood was passed. A weekly newspaper published in Farmington gave her poems to the public ​over the pen-name "Florence Percy." Her verses were received with marked favor and were widely copied. Her earliest verses, written when she was only twelve years old, were sent without knowledge to a Vermont paper, which promptly published them. In 1847 she began to publish over her own name. In 1855 she became assistant editor of the Portland, Maine, "Transcript." In 1856 she published her first volume of poetry, "Forest Buds from the Woods of Maine." The volume was a success financially, and she was able to go to Europe, where she spent some time in Italy, France and Germany. In 1860 she was married to her first husband, Paul Akers, the sculptor, a native of Maine. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., in the spring of 1861, at the age of thirty-five years, just as a brilliant career was opening to him. Their only child, Gertrude, died shortly afterwards, and Mrs. Akers, after rallying from a long mental and physical prostration, returned to Portland and took her old situation in the "Transcript" office. In 1863 she received an appointment in the War Office in Washington, D. C., at the suggestion of the late Senator Fessenden. She was in Ford's Theater on the night of President Lincoln's assassination. In 1866 she brought out her second volume of verse, "Poems by Elizabeth Akers," which was successful. In the fall of 1866 she was married to E. M. Allen, and went with him to Richmond, Va. While living in that city there arose the famous discussion of the authorship of her poem, "Rock Me to Sleep, Mother." That now celebrated poem was written by Mrs. Allen, in 1859, and sent from Rome to the Philadelphia "Post," and that journal published it in 1860. In 1872 her husband engaged in business in New York City. After making their home in Ridgewood. N. J., for several years, she has recently removed to New York, and is engaged in literary work. She is a member of Sorosis.
# Woman of the Century/Eliza McCardle Johnson

​JOHNSON, Mrs. Eliza McCardle, wife of Andrew Johnson, seventeenth President of the United States, born in Leesburg, Washington county, Tenn., 4th October, 1810, and died in Home, Greene county, Tenn., 15th January, 1876. She was the only daughter of her widowed mother, and her early life was passed in Greenville, Tenn. Her education was thorough for that day and place, and she enriched her mind by a wide course of reading. Miss McCardle was a young woman of great personal beauty and refinement, when, in 1826, Andrew Johnson, just out of his apprenticeship, arrived in Greenville. They became acquainted and were married on 27th May, 1826. Mr. Johnson had had only the most meager education. He had never attended school a day. Feeling the need of education, he at once set to work to remedy the defect in his training, and in that work he was greatly aided by his cultured wife, who devoted herself solely to him and contributed materially to his success in life. Mr. Johnson entered politics. He was elected to the State legislature, and in 1861 he was in the United States Senate. In that year Mrs. Johnson spent several months in Washington. On account of impaired health she returned to Greenville, and on 24th April, 1862, she was ordered to pass beyond the Confederate lines within thirty-six hours. Too ill to obey the order, she remained in Greenville all summer. In September, 1862, she went with her children to Nashville, to join her husband. The excitement of the journey broke her health still further. When her husband became President, she was a confirmed invalid. She was not able to appear in society in Washington, and she was glacf to leave the White House and return to Greenville. The duties of mistress of the White House fell upon her daughter, Mrs. Martha Patterson. Another daughter, Mrs. Mary-Stover, was a member of the White House household during a part of President Johnson's term of office.