OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Appendix of Living Writers/Russell, William Clark

See also William Clark Russell on Wikipedia.
​Russell, William Clark (1844).—Novelist. John Holdsworth, Chief Mate (1874), A Sailor's Sweetheart (1877), An Ocean Tragedy (1881), The Convict Ship (1895), List, ye Landsmen (1897), Overdue (1903), The Yarn of Old Harbour Town (1905), etc.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Appendix of Living Writers/Ritchie, Mrs. Anne Isabella (Thackeray)

See also Anne Isabella Thackeray Ritchie on Wikipedia.
​Ritchie, Mrs. Anne Isabella (Thackeray) (1837).—Novelist, etc. The Story of Elizabeth (1863), The Village on the Cliff (1865), To Esther (1869), Old Kensington (1873), Blue Beard's Keys (1874), Miss Angel (1875), Mrs. Dymond (1885), etc.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Appendix of Living Writers/Robertson, John Mackinnon

See also J. M. Robertson on Wikipedia.
​Robertson, John Mackinnon (1856).—Critic, etc. Buckle and his Critics, Montaigne and Shakespeare, The Dynamics of Religion, History of Free Thought, Christianity and Mythology, Introduction to English Politics, Short History of Christianity, Essays in Ethics and Sociology, etc.
# A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Appendix of Living Writers/Rosebery (Archibald Philip Primrose), 5th Earl of, K.G., K.T., LL.D., etc.

See also Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery on Wikipedia.
​Rosebery (Archibald Philip Primrose), 5th Earl of, K.G., K.T., LL.D., etc. (1847).—Statesman and biographical writer. Pitt (1891), Appreciations and Addresses (1899), Sir Robert Peel (1899), Napoleon, the Last Phase (1900), and Oliver Cromwell (1900).
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Robert (a)

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​CARTER, K.W. (Lieut., 1801. f-p., 1 7; h-p., 34.)
Robert Carter (a) died 14 Oct. 1845.
This officer entered the Navy, 3 May, 1795, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Royal George 100, Capt. Wm. Domett, bearing the flag of Lord Bridport, in whose ensuing action with the French fleet off Ile de Groix we find him bearing a part. On removing, as Midshipman, to the Mermaid 32, Capt. Jas. Newman Newman, he aided, 17 Oct. 1798, off the coast of Ireland, in that ship’s gallant conflict of two hours and thirty minutes with the French frigate La Loire, of 46 guns, on which occasion the former had 3 men killed and 13 wounded. After intermediately serving on board the Minorca, Capt. Miller, Loire 38, Capt. J. N. Newman, and Ville de Paris 110, flag-ship of Hon. Wm. Cornwallis, on the Mediterranean and Home stations, Mr. Carter, within a few weeks of passing his examination, was promoted, 14 Aug. 1801, to the rank of Lieutenant, and placed in command of the Ceres, a hired barge, on the coast of Essex, which he paid off in Oct. following. His subsequent appointments were – 5 April, 1803, to the Britannia 100, Capt. the Earl of Northesk, in the Channel – 22 Aug. 1804, to the Swiftsure 74, Capt. Wm. Geo. Rutherford, under whom he pursued the Franco-Spanish fleet to the West Indies and back, and then shared, as Third Lieutenant, in the battle of Trafalgar, 21 Oct. 1805 – 7 Nov. 1807, as First, to the Jamaica 28, Capt. Arthur Lysaght, employed off Guernsey, Newfoundland, and Lisbon – 24 Aug. 1810, to the Experiment, Capt. Jas. Slade, guardship at Falmouth – 15 June, 1812, to the Impress service, first in the Isle of Wight, and next in the River Thames – and, in 1829, to be one of the Naval Knights of Windsor.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Thomas Gilbert

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​CARTER. (Lieut., 1808. f-p., 18; h-p., 33.)
Thomas Gilbert Carter entered the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth 6 June, 1796, and embarked, 11 Oct. 1800, as a Volunteer, on board the Ganges 74, Capts. Thos. Fras. Fremantle, Jos. Baker, and Geo. M‘Kinley, in which ship, after participating with the first-named officer, as Midshipman, in the battle of Copenhagen, 2 April, 1801, he proceeded to the West Indies. In July, 1803, he removed to the Euryalus 36, Capt. Hon. Henry Blackwood, and next to the Utrecht 64, flag-ship of Vice-Admiral Patton, both on the Home station. He sailed for the East Indies, in 1804, on board the Culloden 74, bearing the flag of Sir Edw. Pellew; there became, 14 Jan. 1806, Acting-Lieutenant of the Albion 74, Capt. John Ferrier; and, on his return home with convoy in the Monmouth 64, Capt. Edw. Durnford King, was officially promoted, 23 Aug. 1808. His subsequent appointments afloat were, 26 Oct. 1808, to the Mercurius 16, Capt. Thos. Renwick, whom he accompanied to the Baltic, and, 2 Feb. 1810, to the Orion 74, Capt. Sir Archibald Collingwood Dickson, stationed in the North Sea. From April to Aug. following Mr. Carter appears to have been confined, as an invalid, to Yarmouth Hospital. He afterwards commanded a Signal Station in the co. of Essex, from 21 March, 1811, to 21 Dec. 1814, but since the latter date has been unemployed.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Thomas Wren

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​CARTER. (Captain, 1831. f-p., 21; h-p., 26.)
Thomas Wren Carter, born in Nov. 1789, is fourth son of the late Wm. Carter, Esq., a magistrate for co. Hants.
This officer entered the Navy, 29 March, 1800, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Warrior 74, Capt. Chas. Tyler, under whom he attained the rating of Midshipman 8 Sept. 1800, was present, 2 April, 1801, in the battle of Copenhagen, and then visited Jamaica. Between July, 1802, and April, 1806, he next served, on the Channel and Irish stations, in the Constance 24, and Blanche 36, both commanded by Capt. Zachary Mudge, Topaze 38, Capt. Willoughby Thos. Lake, Dryad 36, Capt. John Giffard, and Hibernia 120, flag-ship in succession of Lord Gardner, Vice-Admiral John Leigh Douglas, and Earl St. Vincent, part of the force under Hon. Wm. Cornwallis, in his pursuit of the French fleet into Brest, 22 Aug. 1805. On 18 April, 1806, a few days after passing his examination, Mr. Carter was promoted into the Halifax 26, Capt. Lord Jas. Townshend, in which ship we find him serving, as First Lieutenant, on the North American station, until 14 Nov. 1808. On being subsequently appointed, 12 May, 1809, to the St. Domingo 74, bearing the flag of Sir Rich. John Strachan, he accompanied the expedition to the Walcheren, and was there very hotly engaged with the batteries off Flushing. From 11 Nov. 1811, to 7 Sept. 1813, he was further employed in the Arethusa 38, Shark 18, Argo 44, and Bedford 74, a great part of the time as Flag-Lieutenant, under Vice-Admiral Chas. Stirling, Commander-in-Chief at Jamaica, whence, after holding for a brief period the acting-command of the Moselle sloop, in which he was superseded by Sir John Borlase Warren, he returned to England. He remained thenceforward on half-pay until within a few months of his being confirmed, 14 July, 1815, in the command of the Emulous 16, on the same station, where he next joined, 16 Feb. 1816, the Carnation 18. After an unemployed interval of two years and a half, Capt. Carter obtained, 17 Nov. 1818, an appointment to the Wasp 18, and, on returning to the West Indies, captured the Venezuelan sloop-of-war El Libertador, bearing the broad pendant of Commodore Chitty, and a Spanish brigantine, her prize. He paid the Wasp off 12 Aug. 1820; attained Post-rank 25 April, 1831; and was afterwards appointed, 27 Nov. 1837, and 18 Aug. 1841, to the successive command, in North America and the West Indies, of the Vestal 26, and Winchester 50. Since 4 March, 1842, he has been again on half-pay.
Capt. Carter married, 17 Aug. 1820, Harriet Jane, eldest daughter of the late Admiral Sir Archibald Collingwood Dickson, Bart., and sister of Commander A. C. T. Dickson, by whom he has issue two sons and three daughters. Agents – Messrs. Ommanney.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Robert (b)

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​CARTER. (Lieut., 1812. f-p., 10; h-p., 38.)
Robert Carter (b) entered the Navy, 29 Sept. 1799, as Admiral’s Servant, on board the Agincourt 64, Capt. John Bligh, bearing the flag at Newfoundland of the Hon. Wm. Waldegrave, from which ship he was discharged in March, 1800. He re-embarked, 16 May; 1805, on board the Isis 50, flag-ship in succession of Vice-Admirals Sir Erasmus Gower and John Holloway, on the same station, where he continued chiefly to serve, until the conclusion of the war, as Midshipman and Master’s Mate, in the Jamaica 28, Capt. Arthur Lysaght, Antelope 50, bearing the flag of Sir John Thos. Duckworth, and Avenger sloop, Capt. Johnson, and, as Lieutenant (commission dated 2 Dec. 1812), in the Hazard sloop, Capt. John Cookesley. He has not been afloat since 1814.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carter, Samuel Thomas

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​CARTER. (Retired Commander, 1844. f-p., 13; h-p., 34.)
Samuel Thomas Carter, born 28 May, 1785, is eldest son of the late Sam. Carter, Esq., of Sudbury, Suffolk, and of Twinsted Lodge, Essex.
This officer entered the Navy, 31 Jan. 1800, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Juno 32, Capt. Geo. Dundas, on the Jamaica station, where he attained the rating of Midshipman, 7 July, 1800, and continued in the same ship, and in the Elephant 74, commanded also by Capt. Dundas, until Dec. 1804. During that period he served in the Juno’s large cutter at the cutting out from Campeachy Bay, after a bloody conflict, in Oct. 1800, of a Spanish schooner of 12 guns and 96 men; and, while attached, in 1803, to the Elephant, he was much employed in detached service at the blockade of Cape François, where he witnessed the surrender of the French squadron with the remains of General Rochambeau’s army on board. He next in succession joined the San Josef 110, bearing the flag of Sir Chas. Cotton in the Channel, Elephant, again, in the West Indies, and Royal William, flag-ship at Spithead of Admiral Geo. Montagu; passed his examination in Oct. 1807, and was confirmed, 14 ​Jan. 1808, to the rank of Lieutenant in the Intrepid 64, Capts. Rich. Worsley and Christ. John Williams Nesham, in which ship he had previously beheld the surrender of Madeira. He afterwards, on proceeding to the West Indies, efficaciously served on shore at the reduction, in Feb. and April, 1809, of Martinique and the Saintes; and, on 5 June in the latter year, joined the Castor 32, Capt. Wm. Roberts, under whom we find him contributing to the destruction, in the ensuing Dec, of the 44-gun frigates Loire and Seine, and, in Feb. 1810, to the capture of Guadeloupe. His last appointments were, 25 Sept. 1810, to the Donegal 74, Capt. Pulteney Malcolm, in the Channel, and, 7 Aug. 1811, to the Sophie 18, Capt. Nich. Lockyer, on the coast of North America. He was placed on half-pay in Aug. 1813, and, on 19 Oct. 1844, he accepted his present rank.
Commander Carter, until lately, held for many years the honorary command at Lowestoft of the Suffolk Humane Society’s life-boat, and was thus instrumental in saving the lives, at different periods, of 124 persons. He married, 9 April, 1814, his cousin, Laura Catherine, second daughter of the late Rev. Wm. Chapman, Vicar of Margate, co. Kent, by whom he has living a son and four daughters. Agents – Hallett and Robinson.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carthew, John

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​CARTHEW. (Lieut., 1815. f-p., 11; h-p., 31.)
John Carthew entered the Navy, 4 May, 1805, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Astrea 32, Capt. Jas. Carthew, with whom he continued, in the same ship, and the Crescent 36, on the North Sea station, until April, 1806. He then joined the Agincourt ​64, Capt. Henry Hill, whom he accompanied to St. Helena; and, in April, 1808, became attached, as Midshipman, to the Tartar 32, Capts. Geo. Edm. Byron Bettesworth and Jos. Baker. On 15 May following he took part in a severe conflict of an hour and a half between the Tartar and a Danish flotilla, off Bergen, on the coast of Norway, in which Capt. Bettesworth was killed; and, under Capt. Baker, after capturing, with many other vessels, the Danish privateer Naargske Gutten of 7 guns and 36 men, and spending much time in protecting the trade through the Belt, he was wrecked on a sand in the Baltic, 18 Aug. 1811. In Sept. 1812, Mr. Carthew next joined the Nymphen 36, Capts. John Hancock and Matthew Smith, in which we find him conveying the Duke of Cumberland from Yarmouth to Gottenborg, in April, 1813 – employed, in November following, in laying down buoys for the safe passage of Admiral Young’s fleet into the Roompot – and contributing, in March, 1814, to the rescue of the Antelope 50, when that ship lay aground under a shower of shot and shells from the batteries of Flushing and Cadsand. Early in 1815 he sailed for the East Indies, with the flag of Sir Geo. Burlton, in the Cornwallis 74, and he was there confirmed to a Lieutenancy in the Volage 22, Capts. Joseph Drury and John Reynolds, 24 Nov. 1815. He returned to England and was paid off in Aug. 1817, and has not since been employed.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cartwright, Thomas

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​CARTWRIGHT. (Lieutenant, 1821. f-p.,23; h-p., 11.)
Thomas Cartwright was born 30 April, 1799.
This officer entered the Navy, 1 April, 1812, as Fst.-cl. Vol., on board the Chatham 74, Capt. Graham Moore, in the North Sea, where he attained the rating of Midshipman, 22 Oct. 1813, and continued, under Rear-Admiral Matthew Henry Scott, and Capts. Wm. Lukin and David Lloyd, until Aug. 1814. He then proceeded to North America in the Zealous 74, Capt. Jas. Anderson, and afterwards served with Lord Exmouth in the Boyne 98, and Queen Charlotte 100, from which latter ship, after receiving a slight splinter-wound in the head at the bombardment of Algiers, he was paid off in Oct. 1816. In Jan. 1818, Mr. Cartwright became attached to the Sybille 48, flag-ship at Jamaica of Sir Home Popham, in which he passed his examination, 8 Nov. 1819. He next served, as Master’s Mate, with Capt. Jodrell Leigh, in the Bann 20, on the same station; and, on 16 Feb. 1821, was there promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in the Ontario 18, commanded, too, by Capt. Leigh. He came home and was paid off in Jan. 1822; and was subsequently employed in the Coast Guard from 31 Oct. 1828, until the close of 1842. He has since been unemployed.
Lieut. Cartwright married, 19 July, 1824, Miss Ann Bazley, and has issue two children.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Carthew, James

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​CARTHEW. (Vice-Admiral, of the White, 1841. f-p., 23; h-p., 44.)
James Carthew entered the Navy, 8 Dec. 1780, as Captain’s Servant, on board the Dunkirk, Capt. Chapman, lying at Plymouth; served, from 1782 to 1786, as Midshipman in the Syren 32, Capt. Wm. Carlyon, and Adamant 50, flag-ship of Sir R. Hughes in the West Indies; and, after a further attachment to the Carnatic 74, Capt. Peregrine Bertie, and Salisbury 50, bearing the flag of Vice-Admiral Milbank, on the Home and Newfoundland stations, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, 4 Nov. 1790. He was next appointed – 18 April, 1793, to the Solebay 32, Capts. Wm. Hancock Kelly and Henry Wm. Bayntun, in the West Indies, where he served on shore at the capture of Martinique, in March, 1794 – 3 Nov. 1795, to the Mercury 28, Capt. Hon. Geo. Byng, on the Newfoundland station – and, 6 Dec. 1797, to the Irresistible 74, Capt. Geo. Martin, employed off Lisbon. On 4 June, 1798, Mr. Carthew was promoted to the command of the Rosario, which sloop, after attending, in 1799, the expedition to the Helder, and assisting at the destruction of two Dutch frigates and of the dockyard at Medenblik, was burnt, as a fire-vessel, in endeavouring to destroy a French squadron in Dunquerke Roads, 7 July, 1800. Capt. Carthew, who attained Post-rank from the Shark sloop at Jamaica, 11 July, 1801, there commanded the Garland 22, and Crescent 36, until the peace. He was afterwards appointed – 8 April, 1805, to the Astrea 32, in the North Sea – 23 Jan. 1806, to the Crescent again, on the same station – and, 19 March, 1808, to the Gloire frigate, part of the force employed in Feb. 1809, at the reduction of Martinique, where he had charge for some time of the British squadron. Since 1812 this officer has not been afloat. He became a Rear-Admiral 22 July, 1830; and a Vice-Admiral 23 Nov. 1841.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1800, p. 782.
* ↑ Vide Gaz. 1809, p.779.
​CARTHEW. (Vice-Admiral, of the Red, 1841.)
James Carthew commanded the Gloire at the blockade of Cherbourg, at the destruction of the French 40-gun frigates Loire and Seine and of the batteries at Ance la Barque, Guadeloupe, and at the taking of the latter island.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cartwright, John

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​CARTWRIGHT. (Lieutenant, 1846.)
John Cartwright passed his examination 25 Sept. 1840, and served, as Mate, on the Mediterranean, Home, and Pacific stations, in the Powerful 84, Capts. Geo. Mansel and Michael Seymour, Cambridge 78, Capt. Edw. Barnard, Caledonia 120, flag-ship of Sir David Milne, and Collingwood 80, bearing the flag of Sir Geo. Fras. Seymour. He obtained his commission 10 March, 1846, and still serves in the last-mentioned ship as Additional Lieutenant.
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Cary, Byron Charles Ferdinand Plantagenet

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​CARY. (Commander, 1835.)
The Honourable Byron Charles Ferdinand Plantagenet Cary, born 5 Oct. 1808, is youngest son of the eighth Viscount Falkland, and brother of the Hon. P. P. Cary, Capt. R.N.
This officer entered the Navy 10 Aug. 1820; passed his examination in 1829; obtained his first commission 13 Dec. 1830; served in the Dublin 50, Capt. Lord Jas. Townshend, on the South American station, from 4 April, 1831, until paid off in 1834; was next appointed, 15 April, 1835, to the Magicienne 24, Capt. Geo. Wm. St. John Mildmay, off Lisbon; rose to his present rank 10 Dec. 1835; and afterwards commanded the Bittern 16, for the suppression of the slave-trafiic on the coast of Africa, from 5 May, 1841, until the spring of 1843. He has since been on half-pay.
Commander Gary married, 19 Feb. 1844, Selina, daughter of the late Rev. F. Fox, of Foxhall, co. Longford, Ireland. Agents – Messrs. Stilwell.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Steffkins, Theodore

[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Stanley, John

[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Staudenheim, Jacob

[ A. W. T. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Stansbury, George

​STANSBURY, George Frederick, son of Joseph Stansbury, a player upon the flute, bassoon and viola, residing in Bristol, was born in that city in 1800. When only 12 years old he was proficient on the pianoforte, violin, and flute, and at 19 was engaged by Mme. Catalani as accompanyist during a concert tour through England. He was afterwards director of the music at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, where he made his appearance as a composer with an overture to 'Life in Dublin.' In 1828 he appeared at the Haymarket Theatre as Capt. Macheath in 'The Beggar's Opera,' and on Jan. 15, 1829, at Covent Garden in A. Lee's ' Nymph of the Grotto.' He continued there and at Drury Lane for several years. He was afterwards engaged as musical director and conductor at the St. James's, the Surrey, and other theatres. He composed music for 'Waverley' (with A. Lee), and 'Puss in Boots,' 1832; 'The Elfin Sprite,' and 'Neuha's Cave,' 1833, and other pieces, besides many songs, etc. His voice was of poor quality, but he was an excellent musician, and a ready composer. He died of dropsy, June 3, 1845.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Starck, Ingeborg

[ W. B. S. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Stark, Ludwig

​STARK, Ludwig, was born at Munich June 19, 1831; was educated at the University there, and learned music in the good school of the Lachners. In 1856 he went to Paris, and after a short residence there removed to Stuttgart, and in conjunction with Lebert, Brachmann, and Laiblin, founded the Stuttgart Music School, which has since become so well known. Among the teachers in the school were Speidel, Faisst, Pischek, Levi, and other well-known names. Dr. Stark's energies have been since that time, continually concentrated on the school, which has flourished accordingly, and in July 1865 was allowed to assume the title of Conservatorium. Among the present teachers are Dionys Pruckner (piano), Edmund Singer (violin), etc. At the end of the 5th half-year, April 15, 1882, the number of professional scholars was 140 (12 English), 44 male and 96 female. But in 1878 ​the number appears to have reached 222. More than 5000 pupils have been educated in the Conservatorium, of whom 540 were from Great Britain and 436 from America.
A large number of works have been prepared for the use of the students, among which the 'Grosse Klavierschule' of Lebert and Stark, in 4 vols., is conspicuous. Also by the same—'Instruktive Klavierstucke' in 4 grades; 'Jugendbibliothek' and 'Jugendalbum,' each in 12 parts; 'Instruktive klassicher Ausgabe,' of various writers, in 21 vols., by Lebert, Faisst, I. Lachner, Liszt, and Bulow; and many more.
Dr. Stark was made Royal Professor in 1868, and Hon. Dr. Ph. 1873, and has many other distinctions. His latest publication is op. 77, part-songs. [App. p.796 "Add date of death, March 22, 1884."]
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Steggall, Charles

[ W. H. H. ]
# A Naval Biographical Dictionary/Smith, Thomas (d)

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​SMITH. (Commander, 1846.)
Thomas Smith (d) entered the Navy 17 Aug. 1816; passed his examination In 1823; and obtained his first commission 25 March, 1833. His succeeding appointments were – 30 March, 1833, as a Supernumerary, to the Thunder, Capt. Rich. Owen, with whom he continued for about four years in the West Indies – 8 Sept. 1837, after a few months of half-pay, again to the Thunder, Lieut.-Commander Bird Allen, fitting at Portsmouth – 30 Nov. 1837, to the command, which he retained until 1842, of the Lark schooner, on the North America and West India station – and, 5 March, 1844, to the Sparrow ketch, Capt. Henry Chas. Otter, on the coast of Scotland. In all the above vessels he was employed on surveying service. He continued in the Sparrow until advanced to his present rank 20 June, 1846. He was then re-appointed to her in the capacity of Additional-Commander; and, since 1 Jan. 1847, he has been serving, still on the coast of Scotland, in the Avon steam surveying-vessel.