OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Lives and Characters of the English Dramatick Poets/George Sandys

George Sandys, Esq;
THis Poet was Son of Edwin, Archbishop of York, born at Bishops-Thorp, in York-shire, 1577. was enter’d in St. Mary-Hall, Oxon, at Eleven Years old; began his Travels about the World 1610. the Year of the Murder of Henry IV. of France, among his Poetical Works he translated a Latin Play of Hugo Grotius, entituled, Christ’s Passion. He died at Boxley-Abby, in Kent, being his Nephew Mr. Wiat’s Seat, and buried in the Chancel of that Church, March 7. 1643.
Christ’s Passion, a Tragedy, 8 vo. 1640. dedicated to King Charles the First. Translated from the Latin of Hugo Grotius, with Annotations. It was reprinted with Sculptures, 8 vo. 1688.
This Author also translated Ovid’s Metamorphosis, published likewise with Sculptures, Fol. 1632.
# The Lives and Characters of the English Dramatick Poets/George Granville

George Granville, Esq;
This Gentleman is of the Noble Family of the Right Honourable the Earl of Bath, and his Nephew: A Person of uncommon Qualifications, and one that gives as much Honour to the Name he bears, as he has receiv'd from it; whose Wit, Personal Bravery, and Sweetness of Temper, have made him the Delight of all that know him. The great Mr. Waller has expressed his Esteem of him, in a Copy of Verses in return of some made to him by Mr. Granville. He has already given the World Two Plays.
Heroick Love, a Tragedy, Acted at the Theatre in Little Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. This Play is one of the best of our Modern Tragedies, and writ after the manner of the Ancients, which is much more natural and easie than that of our Modern Dramatists. The Plot is built on the First Book of Homer, &c.
The She-Gallants, a Comedy, Acted at the Theatre Royal in Little Lincoln's-Inn-Fields, 1696, 4to.
This Play has, next the Plain Dealer, more just and substantial Reflections and Satyrical Observations, than any of our English Comedies; the Dialogue is not only easy, but nervous; and indeed he makes his Persons speak more Wit than the Stage is generally us'd to, which arm'd a Faction against it, tho' ev'n that was not sufficient totally to suppress its Success, for it was very often Acted to the Satisfaction of most that saw it with impartiality, and would be contented to be pleas'd. The Episode of the Four Sisters is taken out of the French Marquiss, in the Romance of Ibraim.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navez, François

Edition of 1905. See also François-Joseph Navez on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVEZ, nȧ′vā̇′, François (1787-1869). A Belgian biblical and genre painter. He was born at Charleroi, November 16, 1787, and first studied under Isidore and Joseph François. He was a pupil of the Academies of Brussels and Ghent, and studied with David, in whose manner his works are executed. From 1817 to 1822 Navez was at Rome, after which he settled permanently in Belgium. He was made director of the Brussels Academy, and died at Brussels, October 12, 1869. Among his best works are the “Nymph Salmacis and Hermaphroditus” (1829), Ghent Museum; “Elijah Raising the Shunamite's Son” (1821), and the “Meeting of Isaac and Rebecca” (1826), Haarlem Pavilion; “The Holy Family” (1851), Antwerp Museum; “The Spinning Women of Fondi” (1845), New Pinakothek, Munich; and “Hagar and Ishmael in the Desert,” Brussels Museum.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navicular Disease

Edition of 1905. See also Navicular syndrome on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVICULAR DISEASE (Lat. navicularia, relating to ships, from navicula, diminutive of navis, ship). A disease of the horse, consisting in strain of the strong flexor tendon of the foot, at the point within the hollow of the fetlock where it passes over the navicular bone. It is most common among the lighter breeds of horses, and especially where the pasterns are upright, toes outturned, and work is early and severe on hard roads. It soon gives rise to a short tripping yet cautious gait, undue wear of the toe of the shoe, wasting of the muscles of the shoulder, and projecting or pointing of the a fleeted limb while standing. Give rest, remove the shoe, shorten the toe, and apply hot poultices, changed every few hours. Laxative medicine and bran mashes may be ordered. After a few days, and when the heat and tenderness abate, cold applications should be given; after another week the animal may be placed for two months in a grass field, where the ground is soft and moist; or, if sufficiently strong, at slow farm work on soft land. Division of the nerve going to the foot removes sensation, and consequently lameness, and hence is useful in relieving animals intended for breeding purposes or for slow work. The operation, however, is not to be recommended where fast work is required, for the animal, being insensible to pain, uses the limb as if nothing were amiss, and the disease rapidly becomes worse. See Horse.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Naville, Edouard Henri

Edition of 1905. See also Édouard Naville on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVILLE, nȧ′vē̇l′, Edouard Henri (1844—). A Swiss Egyptologist, born at Geneva, June 14, 1844. He studied at the university of his native city, King's College, London (1862), Bonn (1866), and at the Faculté des Lettres, Paris, receiving his degree in 1867. During his university career he paid much attention to Egyptology, and in 1868 he followed the courses of Lepsius at Berlin. The following year he went to Egypt, and in 1870 he published as the result of his investigations there his work, Textes relatifs au mythe d'Horus recueillis dans le temple d'Edfou (Geneva). His La litanie du soleil appeared in 1875, and his Inscription historique de Pinodjem III. was published at Paris in 1883. In 1874 Naville was commissioned by the London Congress of Orientalists to edit the text of the Egyptian Book of the Dead (q.v.). Naville spent the next ten years collecting material in the libraries and museums of Europe. The results of his labors appeared in Das ägyptische Todtenbuch der 18. bis 20. Dynastie (l886), one of the most important works in the history of Egyptology. Beginning in 1882, Naville usually spent his winters in Egypt conducting investigations for the Egypt Exploration Fund, and his work in this direction produced most valuable results. In 1891 he became professor of Egyptology in the University of Geneva. Among the most important of Naville's works, in addition to those already mentioned, are: The Store City of Pithom and the Route of the Exodus, Egypt Exploration Fund Memoir i. (1885); Goshen and the Shrine of Saft el Henneh, Egypt Exploration Fund Memoir iv. (1887); The Festival Hall of Osorkou II., Egypt Exploration Fund Memoir x. (1892); Ahnas el Medineh, Egypt Exploration Fund Memoir xi. (1894); Deir el Bahari, Egypt Exploration Fund Memoirs xii., xiii., xiv., xvi., xix. (1894-1901).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navigators' Islands

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​NAVIGATORS' ISLANDS. See Samoan Islands.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navesink Highlands

Edition of 1905. See also Navesink Highlands on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVESINK (năv′e-sĭṉk) HIGHLANDS. A chain of hills forming a bold headland inside of Sandy Hook, in Monmouth County, New Jersey (Map: New Jersey, D 3). They are important landmarks to ships approaching New York. On them are located two first-class lighthouses, fifty-three feet high, both of which show fixed white lights. The adjacent region, which is very beautiful and easily accessible from New York City, attracts many visitors.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navigable River

Edition of 1905. See also the disclaimer.
​NAVIGABLE RIVER. See Rivers, Navigable.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navy, Department of the

Edition of 1905. See also United States Department of the Navy on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVY, Department of the. One of the nine executive departments of the United States Government, created by act of Congress of April 30, 1798, and charged with the general control and administration of the navy. From 1789 to 1798 the management of naval affairs was under the control of the War Department. At the head of the department is a secretary, who is a member of the Cabinet, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, and receives an annual salary of $8000. As the President is by the Constitution the commander-in-chief of the navy, the Secretary is generally subject to his direction. It is his duty to execute such orders as the President may give relative to the administration of naval affairs, including the procurement of naval supplies and the construction, armament, equipment, and employment of vessels of war. A variety of specific duties are imposed upon him by law, in which cases he is not subject to the direction of the President. He makes annual report to the President of the operations of the Navy Department. His deputy is the Assistant Secretary, who is appointed by the President, and who during the absence or incapacitation of the Secretary acts in his stead, taking the title of acting Secretary. An act of June 8, 1880, authorized the appointment of a judge-advocate-general of the navy from the marine corps or the navy with the rank of colonel or captain. It is his duty to receive, revise, and record the proceedings of courts-martial, courts of inquiry, boards for the examination of officers for retirement and promotion in the naval service, and to give opinions on such legal questions as arise in the course of the administration of the navy. Another officer of importance attached to the Navy Department is the commandant of the marine corps.
By an act of July 5, 1862, eight bureaus were established in the Navy Department, at the head of each being a chief, appointed by the President from among the officers of the navy. These are, the bureaus of (1) Yards and Docks; (2) Equipment; (3) Navigation; (4) Ordnance; (5) Construction and Repair; (6) Steam Engineering; (7) Medicine and Surgery; and (8) Supplies and Accounts. See Navy, under United States.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navy Register

Edition of 1905. See also Naval Vessel Register on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVY REGISTER. An annual official publication of the United States Navy Department. It gives a list of the officers of the navy and marine corps in order of their rank, a list of retired officers, a statement of resignations, retirements, dismissals, and deaths since the publication of the previous register, the number of stations with the ships on each and the names of officers attached to them, and an enumeration of the ships of the navy, with some details of their character, present condition, and service.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Navy Yard

Edition of 1905. See also Navy Yard on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​NAVY YARD. The principal navy yard of the United States is located at Brooklyn, N. Y., on the East River. There are three dry docks at this yard and one under construction. Here also is located the naval clothing factory which makes the uniforms for the enlisted men. The other important navy yards of the United States are at Norfolk (Va.), League Island (near Philadelphia), Boston, Mare Island (San Francisco Bay), and Port Orchard (Puget Sound); there are less important yards at Portsmouth (N. H.) and Pensacola (Fla.), and a yard of considerable importance is being developed at Charleston, S. C. In England the term dockyard (see Dockyards, Royal) is equivalent to the American designation navy yard. The great naval establishments on the Continent of Europe are generally termed arsenals (q.v.).
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Archdiocese of Port-au-Prince

From volume 12 of the work.
(PORTUS PRINCIPIS)
This archdiocese comprises the western part of the Republic of Haiti. Its population numbers about 668,700, mostly Catholics, the greater part of whom have but a slight knowledge of their religion, and are scattered over a surface of about 3080 sq. miles. The archdiocese was created by the Bull of 3 June, 1861, and has ever since had a clergy almost exclusively French. In the eighteenth century the territory of the present archdiocese was served by the Dominicans, and after the French Revolution was left in the hands of unworthy clergy, who were driven out after the Concordat of 1860. The archdiocese has had five archbishops: Mgrs, Testard du Cosquer (1863-69); Guilloux (1870-85); Hillion (1886-90); Tonti (1894-1902); Conan (1903). In January, 1906, Most Rev. Julian Conan held the first provincial council of Haiti whose acts were approved by the Congregation of the Council, 3 August, 1907. Fourteen diocesan synods have also been held and their acts and statutes have regularly been published. The seminary for senior students is in France (St. Jacques, Finistère), and there is a seminary-college at Port-au-Prince directed by the Fathers of the Holy Ghost with 500 pupils. About an equal number of boys receive their instruction at the Institution St. Louis de Gonzague, kept by the Brothers of Christian Instruction. There are two secondary establishments for girls: Ste Rose de Lima directed by the Sisters of St. Joseph de Cluny, and Notre Dame du Sacré-Cœur, directed by the Filles de la Sagesse. The province has a monthly religious bulletin published at Port-au-Prince. Archbishop Guilloux has left a valuable work for the history of the archdiocese and of the province, "Le Concordat d'Haiti, ses résultats", a pamphlet of twenty-eight pages relating to the origin of the different diocesan works. The metropolitan church has honorary canons, not constituting a chapter, and named by the archbishop. The archdiocese (1911) has 24 parishes, 140 rural chapels; priests, 55 secular, 42 regular; 67 Brothers of Instruction; 192 sisters.
A. Cabon.
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Archdiocese of Otranto

From volume 11 of the work.
ARCHDIOCESE OF OTRANTO (HYDRUNTINA).
Otranto is a city of the Province of Lecce, Apulia, Southern Italy, situated in a fertile region, and once famous for its breed of horses. It was an ancient Greek colony, which, in the wars of Pyrrhus and of Hannibal, was against Rome. As it is the nearest port to the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, it was more important than Brindisi, under the Roman emperors. In the eighth century, it was for some time in the possession of Arichis, Duke of Benevento (758-87). Having come again under Byzantine rule, it was among the last cities of Apulia to surrender to Robert Guiscard (1068), and then became part of the Principality of Taranto. In the Middle Ages the Jews had a school there. In 1480 there occurred the sack of Otranto by the Turks, in which 12,000 men are said to have perished - among them, Bishop Stephen Pendinelli, who was sawn to death; the "valley of the martyrs" still recalls that dreadful event. On other occasions, as in 1537, the Turks landed at Otranto, but they were repulsed. In 1804, the city was obliged to harbour a French garrison that was established there to watch the movements of the English fleet; and in 1810, Napoleon gave Otranto in fief to Fouché.
The cathedral of Otranto is a work of Count Roger I (1088), and was adorned later (about 1163), by Bishop Jonathas, with a mosaic floor; the same Count Roger also founded a Basilian monastery here, which, under Abbot Nicetas, became a place of study; its library was nearly all bought by Bessarion. The first known bishop of this see was Petrus, to whom St. Gregory the Great refers in 596; and there is record of his two successors; they were Sabinus (599) and Petrus (601); Bishop Marcus (about 807) is believed to be the author of the office for Holy Saturday; Petrus (958) was raised to the dignity of metropolitan by Polyeuctus, Patriarch of Constantinople (956-70), with the obligation to establish the Greek Rite throughout the province. The Latin Rite was introduced again after the Norman conquest, but the Greek Rite remained in use in several towns of the archdiocese and of its suffragans, until the sixteenth century. Bishop Jacob IV (1378), also Patriarch of Jerusalem, had a part in the schism of the West, for which reason he was imprisoned by Charles of Anjou, and compelled to abjure publicly; after that, however, he betook himself to Avignon; Peter Anthony of Capua (1536) distinguished himself at the Council of Trent; Francis M. dall'Aste (1596) was author of "Memorabilia Hydruntinæ Ecclesiæ".
In 1818 Castro, formerly a suffragan of Otranto, was united to it. Castro's bishops are known from 1137; among them was John Parisi, killed in 1296 by Canon Hector, of Otranto.
The suffragans of Otranto are Gallipoli, Lecce, and Ugento; the archdiocese has 56 parishes, 100,200 inhabitants, 4 religious houses of men, 11 of women, 2 schools for boys, and 9 for girls.
CAPPELLETTI, Le Chiese d'Italia; XXI.
U. BENIGNI
# Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Archdiocese of Popayán

From volume 12 of the work.
(POPAYANENSIS)
Popayán lies approximately between 1º 20' and 3º 2' north latitude, and 78º 4' and 80º 3' east longitude. Since the Decree of the Sacred Congregation of the Consistory (7 July, 1910), the boundaries of the archdiocese are, on the north, the Diocese of Cali, along the Rivers Sonso and Rio Claro; on the west, the same diocese, along the mountain chain of the Cordillera Occidental; on the south, the Diocese of Pasto, along the Rivers Patía and Juanambú, and on the east, the Diocese of Garzón, along the Cordillera Central. The archdiocese comprises the entire Department of del Cauca, and portions of the Departments of Nariño and El Valle. The diocese was established by Paul III 1 Sept., 1546; the see, however, was not erected until 8 Sept., 1547, when the first bishop named to the see, Don Juan del Valle, performed the ceremony by Apostolic delegation at Aranda del Duero, in the Diocese of Osma, Spain. The diocese became a suffragan of Lima, and so remained until 1573, in which year Bogota became a metropolitan see and received Popayán among its suffragans. The Sacred Congregation of the Consistory, however, by its Decree of 20 June, 1900, made Popayán an archdiocese, with Pasto, Garzón, and Cali for suffragans, its first archbishop being Don Manuel José de Cayzedo. Among the Bishops of Popayán, special mention should be made of Agustin de la Coruña (1509-89), an Augustinian, who was a student under St. Thomas of Villanova. He suffered vexations, and even banishment, for his activity in defence of the Indians. Bishop Carlos Bermúdez (1827-86) restored the seminary, and suffered banishment through his firm defence of the rights and privileges of the Church. The Bishop Juan Buenaventura Ortiz (1840-94) wrote a history of the Diocese of Popayán (Historia de la Diócesis) and a treatise on religion for colleges (Religión para los Colegios).
M. ANTONIO ARBOLIDA.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Horse (miner's term)

Edition of 1905. See also Horse (geology) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HORSE. A miner's term, applied to any intruded material which is the apparent cause of a sudden interruption in the continuity of a mineral that is being quarried, as when a dike of igneous rock cuts across an ore body. In vein-mining a detached mass of rock or spar which fills the vein is called a horse, while colliers apply the term to the shale which replaces the coal-bed, as well as to such interruptions as seem to have been the channels of small streams, and which were subsequently filled up by the clay that formed the roof of the coal.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Horse (shipboard)

Edition of 1905. See also Glossary of nautical terms#Horse on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HORSE. On shipboard, an iron jackstay or rail used as a traveler's guide or securing bar, usually called a horse-rail. Also the old name for a foot-rope on a yard; and the secondary foot-rope at the end of a yard is still called the Flemish horse.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Houston

Edition of 1905. See also Houston on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOUSTON, hū′ston. A city and the county-seat of Harris County, Tex., 50 miles northwest of Galveston; on Buffalo Bayou, an arm of Galveston Bay, at the head of navigation, and on the International and Great Northern, the Southern Pacific, the Missouri, Kansas and Texas, the Houston and Texas Central, and several other railroads (Map: Texas, G 5). It is a railroad centre of great importance, and improvements by the Federal Government have added to its transportation facilities by giving direct water communication with the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean; while local transit is facilitated by several bridges across the bayou. Houston occupies an area of nine square miles. It has the Houston Lyceum and Carnegie libraries, the building of the latter costing $50,000. Other prominent structures include the high school ($155,000), the United States Government building, the city hall, the court-house, the cotton exchange and market, and the Masonic Temple. The William M. Rice Polytechnical Institute, endowed with the estate of the founder, amounting to about $20,000,000, will be located in Houston. The city controls extensive commercial interests; it is one of the most important cotton markets in the United States, and in its lumber trade ranks with the leading cities of the Southwest. Cottonseed oil and sugar are also exported, and a large general trade contributes to the city's prosperity. There are extensive railroad car and machine shops, cotton-compresses and oil-mills, planing-mills, foundries and machine-shops, rolling-mills, potteries, brick and tile works, flour-mills, carriage and wagon shops, etc. The government, under a charter of 1897, is vested in a mayor, elected every two years, a municipal council, and administrative officials, who are chosen by popular vote. Houston spends annually in maintenance and operation about $565,000, the principal items of expenditure being $145,000 for interest on debt, $100,000 for schools, $70,000 for street expenditures, $55,000 for the fire department, $50,000 for the police department (including amounts for courts, jails, reformatories, etc.), and $20,000 for the health department (including amounts for charitable institutions). Houston was laid out and settled in 1836, was named in honor of General Sam Houston, and temporarily (in 1837) was capital of the Republic of Texas. Population, in 1890, 27,557; in 1900, 44,633.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Houssaye, Henry

Edition of 1905. See also Henry Houssaye on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​ HOUSSAYE, Henry (1848—). A French historian and critic, born in Paris. He distinguished himself in the Franco-Prussian War, and was subsequently an editor of the Journal des Débats and the Revue des Deux Mondes. His Histoire d'Alcibiade et de la république athénienne depuis la mort de Pericles jusqu'à l'avenement des trente tyrans (1873) received from the French Academy the prize established by Thiers. In 1894 he was elected to the Academy. His further works include: Athénes, Rome, Paris (1878); L'art français depuis dix ans (1882). He made a careful study from the original documents of the fall of Napoleon and of the first French Empire. The work is in three parts, the first entitled 1814; the second, entitled 1815, includes the first Restoration, the return from Elba, and the Hundred Days. The third volume, also entitled 1815, is devoted to Waterloo. Those books are among the most readable that have ever been published upon the latter part of Napoleon's career.