OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Cotton-grass

Edition of 1802.
​COTTON-GRASS, or Eriophorum, L. is a perennial, native genus of plants, consisting of five species, the principal of which are the following:
1. The angustifolium, or ​common cotton-grass, moor-grass, moss-crops, or many-headed cotton-grass. It is found chiefly on marshes and bogs in the county of Stafford, on Birmingham-heath, and near Newport, Shropshire.—In the Island of Skye, in Scotland, this plant is useful to support cattle in the earlier part of the spring, before the other grass are sufficiently grown. The poorer class of people stuff their pillows with the woolly down of this plant, and also employ it in making wicks for candles.
2. The polystachion, or broad-leaved cotton-grass, which grows in the marshy parts of the counties of Northampton; Bedford, near Dunstable; York, Cumberland; and very common in Scotland.
Large tracts of ground are sometimes covered with the white downy fibres of this plant, which flowers from April to June: and subsequently represents the snowy field of winter: its presence, however, indicates a soil productive of turf, or peat. Neither cattle nor sheep relish this vegetable, the hairy seed-vessels of which vitiate the hay, insomuch that large conglobate masses have often been found in the stomachs of animals, that died in consequence of feeding on such provender.
Hence the necessity of collecting the down of the broad-leaved cotton-grass, both for preventing the injurious consequences to cattle, and converting it to the following useful purposes. The late Dr. Gleditsch, of Berlin, made a variety of curious experiments with this woolly substance; and found, that in combination with either sheep's wool, or cotton, it could be spun into a very strong and uniform yarn, from which were produced durable gloves, stockings, stuffs, and excellent cloth. He admits, however, that this downy material is more brittle than the fibrous integuments in which the seeds of the sweet, or bay-leaved willow, are enveloped. Nevertheless, we have recently had an opportunity of ascertaining, and think it our duty to announce it to the public, as a fact worthy the attention of manufacturers, that both substances before-mentioned, may be prepared by a simple chemical process, in such a manner as to render them eminently fit for being mixed with improved animal wool, as well as cotton and silk, nay, even the refuse of flax and hemp. Clothiers, serge and stocking-makers, hatters, and all other artisans employed in this branch of staple manufactures, may perhaps find it their interest to obtain farther information on this important subject.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Corn-salad

Edition of 1802.
​CORN-SALAD, or Lamb's Lettuce, Valeriana locusta, L. is an annual indigenous plant growing in corn-fields, and producing white-reddish flowers from April to June. It is eaten by cattle, and its young leaves are cut and used in spring and autumn as a salad, being esteemed little inferior to young lettuce. Sheep and canary-birds are equally fond of this vegetable.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Corns

Edition of 1802.
​CORNS, in surgery, are hard excrescences, consisting of indurations of the skin, which arise on the toes, and sometimes on the sides of the feet, where these are much exposed to the pressure of narrow shoes. By degrees, they extend farther down between the muscular fibres on those parts, and occasion extreme pain.
Various remedies have been suggested for the cure of corns, but their removal is always attended with considerable difficulty. A correspondent in the 63d vol. of the Gentleman's Magazine asserts, that after having been afflicted with corns for several years, he was perfectly relieved from them, by the application of brown paper moistened with spittle. It has also been recommended to wrap a clove of ​garlic in paper, and cover it with hot ashes till it becomes soft, when it should be applied to the parts affected, as warm as they can bear it. But the best cure for these painful excrescences, in our opinion, is to wear constantly easy shoes, to bathe the feet frequently in lukewarm water, in which a little sal ammoniac and pot-ashes have been dissolved, and to apply a plaster made of equal parts of gum galbanum, saffron, and camphor. By persevering in this treatment, the complaint may in a considerable degree be alleviated, and at length totally eradicated. But we cannot omit to caution those who are troubled with corns, never to cut or pierce them with any sharp or pointed instrument; as such imprudent attempts have often been productive of dangerous consequences. Nay, it should be remarked, that every application which is liable to occasion pain to the foot or toes, ought to be carefully guarded against, as being improper and unsafe. Hence the inefficacy of operations performed by pretenders, who are unacquainted with the structure of the human body: and such expedients may be aptly compared to periodical blood-lettings, which benefit the operator, but impoverish the constitution of the biassed patient, whose fluids increase, but progressively become more watery.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Couch-grass

Edition of 1802.
​Couch-grass, or Couch-wheat: See Dog-grass.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Costiveness

Edition of 1802.
​COSTIVENESS, in medicine, a retention of the excrements, accompanied with an unusual hardness and dryness, so as to render the evacuations difficult, and sometimes painful.
Sedentary persons are peculiarly liable to this complaint, especially those of sanguineous and choleric temperaments; or who are subject to hypochondriac affections, the gout, acute fevers, and bilious disorders.
Costiveness is frequently occasioned by neglecting the usual time of going to stool, and checking the natural tendency to those salutary excretions; by an extraordinary heat of the body, and copious sweats; by taking into the stomach a larger proportion of solid food, than is proper for the quantity of fluids swallowed; and, lastly, by too frequent use of such nutriment as is dry, heating, and difficult of digestion.—To those who are afflicted with this complaint, we would recommend to visit the customary retreat every morning, at a stated hour, and thus endeavour to promote the natural evacuation by moderate efforts; even though they may not perhaps be much inclined, and should not at first succeed; for experience has proved, ​that Nature will in this respect, by perseverance, acquire a habit of regularity. The most proper time for that purpose, is either early in the morning, or late in the evening.
In many families, costiveness is hereditary. It may also arise from a debilitated state of the intestinal canal, occasioned by diseases, but more frequently from the habitual use of lean meat, game, red port wine, strong malt liquors, and similar articles of food and drink. From whatever cause it may originate, continual exercise in the open air, and abstinence from heating or intoxical liquors, will be found very beneficial.
In those cases, however, where inveterate costiveness has once taken place, and the usual simple remedies have proved abortive, carbon, or charcoal (divested of its oxygen by heat), has been administered with uncommon success. Nor has it in any instance failed to procure the desired relief; though its operation has sometimes been rather too violent: to obviate this inconvenience, we would recommend three drams of carbon finely levigated, to be mixed with three ounces of lenitive electuary, and two drams of carbonat of soda. Of this mixture, from half an ounce to one, and even two ounces, may be taken twice, thrice, or oftener, in the course of the day, as circumstances may require.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Corpulency

Edition of 1802.
​CORPULENCY, or obesity, in physiology, is the accumulation of too great a quantity of fat or animal oil, which distends the solids to an unnatural degree, by the abundance of granulated matter collected in the cellular membrane.
Corpulency arises from a variety of causes, which may operate separately, or conjointly in the same constitution. It may, however, be principally ascribed, 1. To the introduction of too much oil into the habit, though the channels of nourishment, by which means it is retained in too large a quantity. 2. An over-laxity, or, perhaps, too large a structure of the cells in which it is deposited, so as to admit and retain an immoderate proportion of unctuous matter; 3. To a peculiar disposition of the blood, which renders it liable to separate too easily from its oleaginous particles, and to admit of their being strained off too plentifully by the seecretory vessels; or, lastly, to a defective evacuation or expulsion of oil already absorbed, separated from the blood, and deposited in its cells, instead of being discharged through the different emunctories of the body.
Obesity is promoted by whatever tends to soften the blood, and render it less sharp and saline; such as want of exercise and motion, an indolent life, indulgence in too much sleep, &c. It may be removed or prevented by the contrary causes, and particularly by the use of saline and acid food, and drink.
Castile soap has often been employed with success, and is strongly recommended in a discourse "On the Causes, Nature, and Cure of Corpulency," by Dr. Flemyng, (8vo. 1s. 1760); who directs from one to four drams to be dissolved in a gill or more of soft water, and to be taken every night previously to going to repose.
# Domestic Encyclopædia (1802)/Cosmetic

Edition of 1802.
​COSMETIC, any medicine, or preparation, that renders the skin soft and white, or contributes to beautify the complexion.
Various articles have been obtruded on the public attention, by ignorant and speculative persons, ​as possessing every property that may tend to improve the surface of the body, but which have generally been found to consist of the most hurtful metallic ingredients, such as the various preparations of lead, mercury, arsenic, &c. To those, however, whose decayed countenances seem to justify them in the use of cosmetics, or, who are determined to employ them, instead of attending to the more effectual means of preserving the bloom of their skin, it may perhaps be of service to point out two or three harmless external applications, chiefly with a view to prevent them from using dangerous and pernicious specifics.
According to the late Dr. Withering, an infusion of horse-radish in milk, makes one of the safest and best cosmetics.
Another preparation for clearing the skin of pimples and recent eruptions, if assisted by gentfe aperient medicines, is the fresh expressed juice of house-leek, mixed with an equal quantity of sweet milk, or cream.
Prof. Pallas recommends the water distilled from the flowers of the Nymphæa Nelumbo, a plant indigenous in the Asiatic part of Russia, on the banks of the Volga; and which, by his account, imparts an agreeable softness and delicacy to the skin of the face and hands.
Frequent bathing will also contribute to the prolongation of youth, and preservation of the external integuments. To these remedies, we venture to add honey-water made to the consistence of cream, so that it may form a kind of varnish on the skin, which, especially when chapped by frost, will be much benefited by this application: and if it occasion any irritation or uneasiness, a little fine wheaten flour, or pure hair-powder, should be scattered on the hands or face.
Without exception, the best cosmetic, in our opinion, is temperance; as, by avoiding excesses of every kind, the body will retain its natural tone, the uniform circulation of all the fluids will be facilitated, and those disgraceful eruptions, we too frequently observe on the features of the younger part of the present generation, will be utterly effaced.
# Don Rodriguez: Chronicles of Shadow Valley

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article.
A coming of age story set in the mythical "golden age" of Spain. The titular character is excluded from the inheritance of the family castle on the grounds that given his expertise with sword and mandolin he should be able to win his own estate and bride. Setting out to achieve his place in the world, Rodriguez quickly acquires a Sancho Panza-like servant, Morano, and goes on to experience a series of adventures en route to his goal. Warning: template has been deprecated.
Imaginative fiction lifted to heights of superlative charm for readers who like their novels delightfully fantastic. —The Bookman, November 1922
DON RODRIGUEZ
CHRONICLES OF SHADOW VALLEY
By
LORD DUNSANY
To
WILLIAM BEEBE
PREFACE
After long and patient research I am still unable to give to the reader of these Chronicles the exact date of the times that they tell of. Were it merely a matter of history there could be no doubts about the period; but where magic is concerned, to however slight an extent, there must always be some element of mystery, arising partly out of ignorance and partly from the compulsion of those oaths by which magic protects its precincts from the tiptoe of curiosity.
Moreover, magic, even in small quantities, appears to affect time, much as acids affect some metals, curiously changing its substance, until dates seem to melt into a mercurial form that renders them elusive even to the eye of the most watchful historian.
It is the magic appearing in Chronicles III and IV that has gravely affected the date, so that all I can tell the reader with certainty of the period is that it fell in the later years of the Golden Age in Spain.
CONTENTS
THE FIRST CHRONICLE, 3
    How he Met and Said Farewell to Mine Host of the Dragon and Knight
THE SECOND CHRONICLE, 29
    How he Hired a Memorable Servant
THE THIRD CHRONICLE, 53
    How he Came to the House of Wonder
THE FOURTH CHRONICLE, 87
    How he Came to the Mountains of the Sun
THE FIFTH CHRONICLE, 115
    How he Rode in the Twilight and Saw Serafina
THE SIXTH CHRONICLE, 147
    How he Sang to his Mandolin and what Came of his Singing
THE SEVENTH CHRONICLE, 169
    How he Came to Shadow Valley
THE EIGHTH CHRONICLE, 197
    How he Travelled Far
THE NINTH CHRONICLE, 227
    How he Won a Castle in Spain
THE TENTH CHRONICLE, 253
    How he Came back to Lowlight
THE ELEVENTH CHRONICLE, 275
    How he Turned to Gardening and his Sword Rested
THE TWELFTH CHRONICLE, 303
    The Building of Castle Rodriguez and the Ending of These Chronicles
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1957, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 66 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edwards v. Pacific Fruit Express Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
390 U.S. 538
Edwards v. Pacific Fruit Express Co.
Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
No. 465. Argued: March 14, 1968 --- Decided: April 8, 1968
Petitioner, an employee of respondent company which owns, maintains, and leases refrigerator cars to railroads, was injured and brought this action against respondent charging it was a "common carrier by railroad" and liable for damages under the Federal Employers' Liability Act. The District Court granted respondent's motion for summary judgment and the Court of Appeals affirmed.
Held: In light of the legislative history, consistent judicial decisions holding refrigerator car companies not common carriers by railroad, and the administration of the Act for 60 years, such companies are not within the coverage of the Act. Pp. 539-543.
378 F. 2d 54, affirmed.
Arne Werchick argued the cause for petitioner. With him on the briefs was David S. Levinson.
John J. Corrigan argued the cause for respondent. With him on the brief was Donald O. Roy.
Clifton Hildebrand filed a brief for the Brotherhood of Railway Carmen of America et al., as amici curiae, urging reversal.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edwards v. Kearzey/Concurrence Hunt

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinions Clifford Hunt
United States Supreme Court
96 U.S. 595
Edwards v. Kearzey
MR. JUSTICE HUNT.
I concur in the judgment in this case, for the reasons following:--
By the Constitution of North Carolina of 1868, the personal property of any resident of the State, to the value of $500, is exempt from sale under execution; also, a homestead, the dwelling and buildings thereon, not exceeding in value $1,000.
The debts in question were incurred before the exemptions took effect. The court now holds that the exemptions are invalid. In this I concur, not for the reason that any and every exemption made after entering into a contract is invalid, but that the amount here exempted is so large, as seriously to impair the creditor's remedy for the collection of his debt.
I think that the law was correctly announced by Mr. Chief Justice Taney in Bronson v. Kinzie (1 How. 311), when he said: A State 'may, if it thinks proper, direct that the necessary implements of agriculture, or the tools of a mechanic, or articles of necessity in household furniture, shall, like wearing-apparel, be not liable to execution on judgments.'
The principle was laid down with the like accuracy by Judge Denio, in Morse v. Goold (11 N. Y. 281), where he says: 'There is no universal principle of law that every part of the property of a debtor is liable to be seized for the payment of a judgment against him. . . . The question is, whether the law which prevailed when the contract was made has been so far changed that there does not remain a substantial and reasonable mode of enforcing it in the ordinary and regular course of justice. Taking the mass of contracts and the situation and circumstances of debtors as they are ordinarily found to exist, no one could probably say that exempting the team and household furniture of a householder to the amount of $150 from levy or execution would directly affect the efficiency of remedies for the collection of debts.' Mr. Justice Woodbury lays down the same rule in Planters' Bank v. Sharp et al., 6 How. 301.
In my judgment, the exemption provided for by the North Carolina Constitution is so large, that, in regard to the mass of contracts and the situation and circumstances of debtors as they are ordinarily found to exist, it would seriously affect the efficiency of remedies for the collection of debts, and that it must, therefore, be held to be void.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edwards v. Slocum

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
264 U.S. 61
Edwards v. Slocum
Argued: Jan. 10, 1924. --- Decided: Feb 18, 1924
The Attorney General and Mr. Alfred A. Wheat, of New York City, for petitioner.
Mr. Robert Thorne, of New York City, for respondents.
Mr. Justice HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Edwards v. Elliott

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
88 U.S. 532
Edwards v. Elliott

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Shun-ch'êng, Prince

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​SHUN-ch'êng, Prince. See under Lekedehun.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Shu-êr-ha-ch'i

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​SHU-êr-ha-ch'i. See under Šurhaci.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Shun-chih

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​SHUN-chih. Reign-title of Fu-lin [q. v.].
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Shun-t'ien

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​SHUN-t'ien. Reign-title of Lin Shuang-wên (see under Ch'ai Ta-chi).
# Egyptian Literature/The Book of the Dead/Chapter of Knowledge

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CHAPTER OF KNOWLEDGE
[From the Papyrus of Nu (British Museum No. 10,477, sheet 13).]
The Chapter of knowing the “Chapters of coming forth by day” in a single Chapter. The Overseer of the palace, the chancellor-in-chief, Osiris Nu, triumphant, begotten of the overseer of the palace, Amen-hetep, triumphant, saith:
“I am Yesterday and To-morrow; and I have the power to be born a second time. [I am] the divine hidden Soul, who createth the gods, and who giveth sepulchral meals to the divine hidden beings [in the Tuat (underworld)], in Amenti, and in heaven. [I am] the rudder of the east, the possessor of two divine faces wherein his beams are seen. I am the lord of those who are raised up, [the lord] who cometh forth from out of the darkness. [Hail,] ye two divine Hawks who are perched upon your resting-places, and who hearken unto the things which are said by him, the thigh [of the sacrifice] is tied to the neck, and the buttocks [are laid] upon the head of Amentet. May the Ur-urti goddesses (i.e., Isis and Nephthys) grant such gifts unto me when my tears start from me as I look on. ‘I know the abysses’ is thy name. [I] work for [you], O ye Khus, who are in number [four] millions, [six] hundred, and 1,000, and 200, and they are [in height] twelve cubits. [Ye] travel on joining the hands, each to each, but the sixth [hour], which belongeth at the head of the Tuat (underworld), is the hour of the overthrow of the Fiend. [I] have come there in triumph, and [I am] he who is in the hall (or courtyard) of the Tuat; and the seven(?) come in his manifestations. The strength which protecteth me is that which hath my Khu under its protection, [that is] the blood, and the cool water, and the slaughterings which abound(?). I open [a way among] the horns of all those who would do harm unto me, who keep themselves hidden, who make themselves adversaries unto me, and those who are upon their bellies. ​ ​
# Egyptian Literature/The Book of the Dead/Coming Forth by Day (3)

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​ ​cattle, and with my red feathered fowl, and with my oxen, and with my geese, and with my ducks, for Horus my Chieftain, and with the offerings which I make to Thoth, and with the sacrifices which I offer up to An-heri-ertaitsa.”
# Egyptian Literature/The Book of the Dead/Coming Forth by Day (5)

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COMING FORTH BY DAY
[From the Papyrus of Nebseni (British Museum No. 9,900, sheet 3).]
The Chapter of coming forth by day and of opening up a way through the Ammehet. Behold the Scribe Nebseni, triumphant, who saith:
“Homage to you, O ye lords of Kas, ye who are without sin and who live for the limitless and infinite aeons of time which make up eternity, I have opened up a way for myself to you! I have become a khu in my forms, I have gained the mastery over my enchantments, and I am decreed to be a khu; therefore deliver ye me from the crocodile [which liveth in] this country of right and truth. Grant ye to me my mouth that I may speak therewith, and cause that my sepulchral ​
# Egyptian Literature/The Book of the Dead/Coming Forth by Day (1)

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COMING FORTH BY DAY
[From the Papyrus of Amen-em-heb (Naville, op. cit., Bd. i. Bl. 78).]
The Chapter of coming forth by day. The scribe Mahu saith:
“I have knowledge. I was conceived by the goddess Sekhet, and the goddess Neith gave birth to me; I am Horus, and [I have] come forth from the Eye of Horus. I am Uatchit who came forth from Horus. I am Horus and I fly up and perch myself upon the forehead of Ra in the bows of his boat which is in heaven.”