OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bloor, Robert

​BLOOR, ROBERT (d. 1846), ceramist, was probably born at Church Gresley, where many of his family are buried. He succeeded Kean and the second Duesbury at the Old Derby China Works, from whom he bought the concern, about the year 1810–11, for 5,000l. and the payment of certain annuities. He had for some time previously been clerk and salesman at the works. He was an energetic man of business, and greatly increased the sales of the manufacture, employing at one time as many as fifty painters, besides a great number of potters, burnishers, apprentices, women, and girls. Under his management, however, the former high quality and finished decoration of the Derby ware deteriorated. About the year 1820 his business was at its height; and, by the aid of auctions in various parts of England, Derby china, for the most part showily painted, but some of it slightly injured in the firing, was dispersed throughout the country; but this inferiority of the ware at length led to a falling off in the demand. In 1828 Bloor's mind gave way, and he never recovered. A statute of lunacy was taken out a few years before his death, which happened on 11 March 1846 at Hathern in Leicestershire. The works were then carried on by his widow and children, and finally by his granddaughter, Mrs. Thomas Clarke; she at length sold the concern to Samuel Boyle, who failed.
[Haslem's Old Derby China Factory; letters from Mr. Haslem; information supplied by S. Keys in Chaffers's Marks and Monograms on Pottery, 6th ed.]
W. H. T.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Pergamus

IX. KINGS OF PERGAMUS. :
| | | Yrs. | B. C. - B. C. |
| 1. | Philetaerus | reigned 17 | 280-263 |
| 2. | Eumenes I. | " 22 | 263-241 |
| 3. | Attalus I. | " 44 | 241-197 |
| 4. | Eumenes II. | " 38 | 197-159 |
| 5. | Attalus II. Philadelphus | " 21 | 159-138 |
| 6. | Attalus III. Philometer | "5 | 138-133 |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Persia

III. KINGS OF PERSIA. :
| | | Yrs. | m. | B. C. - B. C. |
| 1. | Cyrus | reigned 30 | 0 | 559-529 |
| 2. | Cambyses | "7 | 5 | 529-522 |
| 3. | Smerdis | "0 | 7 | 522-522 |
| 4. | Dareius I. Hystaspis | " 36 | 0 | 521-485 |
| 5. | Xerxes I. | " 20 | 0 | 485-465 |
| 6. | Artabanus | "0 | 7 | 465-465 |
| 7. | Artaxerxes I. | " 40 | 0 | 465-425 |
| 8. | Xerxes II. | "0 | 2 | 425-425 |
| 9. | Sogdianus | "0 | 7 | 425-425 |
| 10. | Dareius II. Nothus | " 19 | 0 | 424-405 |
| 11. | Artaxerxes II. Mnemon | " 46 | 0 | 405-359 |
| 12. | Ochus Longimanus | " 21 | 0 | 359-338 |
| 13. | Arses | "2 | 0 | 338-336 |
| 14. | Dareius III. Codomannus | "4 | 11 | 336-331 |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Persia (Sassanidte)

XIV. KINGS OF PERSIA (SASSANIDAE).
A list of these kings is given in Vol. III. p. 715.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/L. Venuleius Apronianus

​L. VENULEIUS APRONIA'NUS. 1. Consul suffectus under Domitian, A. D. 92. 2. Consul under Hadrian A. D. 123 with Q. Articuleius Paetinus. 3. Consul under M. Aurelius A. D. 168 with L. Sergius Paulus (Fasti).
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Parthia

XIII. KINGS OF PARTHIA.
The Kings of Parthia are given in chronological order under Arsaces.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Sparta

V. KINGS OF SPARTA. :
| 1. Aristodemus ||||||
| 2. Eurysthenes | 2. Eurysthenes | 2. Eurysthenes | 2. Procles | 2. Procles | 2. Procles |
| 3. Agis I. | 3. Agis I. | 3. Agis I. | 3. Soiis | 3. Soiis | 3. Soiis |
| 4. Echestratus | 4. Echestratus | 4. Echestratus | 4. Eurypon | 4. Eurypon | 4. Eurypon |
| 5. Labotas | 5. Labotas | 5. Labotas | 5. Prytanis | 5. Prytanis | 5. Prytanis |
| 6. Doryssus | 6. Doryssus | 6. Doryssus | 6. Eunomus | 6. Eunomus | 6. Eunomus |
| 7. Agesilaus I. | 7. Agesilaus I. | 7. Agesilaus I. | 7. Polydectes | 7. Polydectes | 7. Polydectes |
| 8. Archelaus | 8. Archelaus | 8. Archelaus | 8. Charilaus | 8. Charilaus | 8. Charilaus |
| 9. Teleclus | 9. Teleclus | 9. Teleclus | 9. Nicander | 9. Nicander | 9. Nicander |
| 10. Alcamenes | 10. Alcamenes | 10. Alcamenes | 10. Theopompus | 10. Theopompus | 10. Theopompus |
| 10. Theopompus |||
| 12. Eurycrates | 12. Eurycrates | 12. Eurycrates | 11. Zeuxidamus | 11. Zeuxidamus | 11. Zeuxidamus |
| 13. Anaxander | 13. Anaxander | 13. Anaxander | 12. Anaxidamus | 12. Anaxidamus | 12. Anaxidamus |
| 14. Eurycratides | 14. Eurycratides | 14. Eurycratides | 13. Archidamus I. | 13. Archidamus I. | 13. Archidamus I. |
| 15. Leon | 15. Leon | 15. Leon | 14. Agesicles | 14. Agesicles | 14. Agesicles |
| | Yrs. | B. C. - B. C. | | Yrs. | B. C. - B. C. |
| 16. Anaxandrides | reigned 0 | 520-520 | 15. Ariston | 15. Ariston | 15. Ariston |
| 17. Cleomenes I. | " 29 | 520-491 | 16. Demaratus | 16. Demaratus | 16. Demaratus |
| 18. Leonidas I. | " 11 | 491-480 | 17. Leotychides | reigned 22 | 491-469 |
| 19. Pleistarchus | " 22 | 480-458 | 17. Leotychides | reigned 22 | 491-469 |
| 20. Pleistoanax | " 50 | 458-408 | 18. Archidamus II. | " 42 | 469-427 |
| 21. Pausanias | " 14 | 408-394 | 19. Agis II. | " 29 | 427-398 |
| 22. Agesipolis I. | " 14 | 394-380 | 20. Agesilaus II. | " 37 | 398-361 |
| 23. Cleombrotus I. | " 9 | 380-371 | 20. Agesilaus II. | " 37 | 398-361 |
| 24. Agesipolis II. | " 1 | 371-370 | 20. Agesilaus II. | " 37 | 398-361 |
| 25. Cleomenes II. | " 61 | 370-309 | 21. Archidamus III. | " 23 | 361-338 |
| 25. Cleomenes II. | " 61 | 370-309 | 22. Agis III. | " 8 | 338-330 |
| 23. Eudamidas I. |||
| 26. Areus I. | " 44 | 309-265 | 24. Archidamus IV. | 24. Archidamus IV. | 24. Archidamus IV. |
| 27. Acrotatus | " [1] | 265-[264] | 25. Eudamidas II. | 25. Eudamidas II. | 25. Eudamidas II. |
| 28. Areus II. | " [8] | [264]-[256] | 25. Eudamidas II. | 25. Eudamidas II. | 25. Eudamidas II. |
| 29. Leonidas II. | 29. Leonidas II. | 29. Leonidas II. | 26. Agis IV. | " 4 | 244-240 |
| 30. Cleombrotus II. Leonidas again | 30. Cleombrotus II. Leonidas again | 30. Cleombrotus II. Leonidas again | 27. Eurydamidas | 27. Eurydamidas | 27. Eurydamidas |
| 31. Cleomenes III. | " 16 | 236-220 | 28. Archidamnus V. | 28. Archidamnus V. | 28. Archidamnus V. |
| 28. Archidamnus V. |||
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/L. Accius

​L. A'CCIUS or A'TTIUS, an early Roman tragic poet and the son of a freedman, was born according to Jerome b. c. 170, and was fifty years younger than Pacuvius. He lived to a great age; Cicero, when a young man, frequently conversed with him. (Brut. 28.) His tragedies were chiefly imitated from the Greeks, especially from Aeschylus, but he also wrote some on Roman subjects (Praetextata ; one of which, entitled Brutus, was probably in honour of his patron D. Brutus. (Cic. de Leg. ii. 2 1 , pro Arch. 11.) We possess only fragments of his tragedies, of which the most important have been preserved by Cicero, but sufficient remains to justify the terms of admiration in which he is spoken of by the ancient writers. He is particularly praised for the strength and vigour of his language and the sublimity of his thoughts. (Cic. pro Planc. 24, pro Sest. SG., &c.; Hor. Ep. ii. 1. 56; Quintil. x. 1. §97; Gell. xiii. 2.) Besides these tragedies, he also wrote Annales in verse, containing the history of Rome, like those of Ennius; and three prose works, "Libri Didascalion," which seems to have been a history of poetry, "Libri Pragraaticon" and " Parerga": of the two latter no fragments are preserved. The fragments of his tragedies have been collected by Stephanus in "Frag. vet. Poet. Lat." Paris, 1564; Maittaire, "Opera et Frag. vet. Poet. Lat." Lond. 1713; and Bothe, "Poet. Scenici Latin.," vol. v. Lips. 1834: and the fragments of the Didascalia by Madvig, "De L. Attii Didascaliis Comment." Hafniae, 1831.
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Pontus

XI. KINGS OF PONTUS. :
| | | Yrs. | B. C. - B. C. |
| 1. | Ariobarzanes I. |
| 2. | Mithridates I. |
| 3. | Ariobarzanes II. | reigned 26 | 363-337 |
| 4. | Mithridates II. | " 35 | 337-302 |
| 5. | Mithridates III. | " 36 | 302-266 |
| 6. | Ariobarzanes III. | "[26] | 266-[240] |
| 7. | Mithridates IV. | "[50] | [240]-[190] |
| 8. | Pharnaces I. | "[34] | [190]-[156] |
| 9. | Mithridates V. Evergetes | "[36] | [156]-[120] |
| 10. | Mithridates VI. Eupator | "[57] | 120-63 |
| 11. | Pharnaces II. | " 16 | 63-47 |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Kings of Rome

XV. KINGS OF ROME. :
| | Yrs. | B. C. - B. C. |
| 1. Romulus | reigned 38 | 753-715 |
| 2. Numa Pompilius | " 43 | 715-673 |
| 3. Tullus Hostilius | " 32 | 673-641 |
| 4. Ancus Marcius | " 24 | 641-616 |
| 5. Tarquinius Priscus | " 38 | 616-578 |
| 6. Servius Tullius | " 44 | 578-534 |
| 7. L. TarqcuiniusSuperbus | " 25 | 534-510 |
# Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/L. Bantius

​L. BA'NTIUS, of Nola, served in the Roman army at the battle of Cannae, B. C. 216, in which he was dangerously wounded and fell into the hands of Hannibal. Having been kindly treated by Hannibal, and sent home laden with gifts, he was anxious to surrender Nola to the Carthaginians, but was gained over to the Romans by the prudent conduct of Marcellus, who had the command of Nola. (Liv. xxiii. 15; Plut. Marcell. 10, &c.)
# Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Barton/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
183 U.S. 23
Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Barton
Argued: March 7, 1901. --- Decided: October 21, 1901
The only question presented for our consideration in this record is the validity, under the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States, of the act of the legislature of the state of Tennessee prescribing that corporations and other persons issuing store orders in payment for labor shall redeem them in cash, and providing a legal remedy for bona fide holders of such orders.
In the case of Knoxville Iron Co. v. Harbison, in error to the supreme court of Tennessee, decided at the present term, 183 U.S. 13, ante, 1, 22 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1, we affirmed the judgment of that court sustaining the constitutional validity of the state legislation in question, and the cause now before us is sufficiently disposed of by a reference to that case.
The only difference in the cases is that in the former the plaintiff in error was a domestic corporation of the state of Tennessee, while in the present the plaintiff in error is a foreign corporation. If that fact can be considered as a ground for a different conclusion, it would not help the present plaintiff in error, whose right, as a foreign corporation, to carry on business in the state of Tennessee, might be deemed subject to the condition of obeying the regulations prescribed in the legislation of the state. As was said in Orient Ins. Co. v. Daggs, 172 U.S. 557, 43 L. ed. 552, 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 281, that 'which a state may do with corporations of its own creation it may do with foreign corporations admitted into the state. . . . The power of a state to impose conditions upon foreign corporations is certainly as extensive as the power over domestic corporations, and is fully explained in Hooper v. California, 155 U.S. 648, 39 L. ed. 297, 5 Inters. Com. Rep. 610, 15 Sup. Ct. Rep. 207.'
We do not care, however, to put our present decision upon the fact that the plaintiff in error is a foreign corporation, nor to be understood to intimate that state legislation, invalid as contrary to the Constitution of the United States, can be imposed as a condition upon the right of such a corporation to do business within the state. Home Co. v. Morse, 20 Wall. 445, 22 L. ed. 365; Blake v. McClung, 172 U.S. 239, 254, 43 L. ed. 432, 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 165.
The judgment of the Supreme Court of Tennessee is affirmed.
Mr. Justice Brewer and Mr. Justice Peckham dissent.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Spirit of Laws

The Spirit of the Laws, or The Spirit of Laws, is a treatise on political theory first published anonymously by Montesquieu in 1748. Its influence outside France was aided by its rapid translation into other languages. In 1750 Thomas Nugent published the first English translation. Yet Montesquieu's political treatise had an enormous influence on the work of many others。
English-language translations of De l’esprit des lois include:
* The Spirit of Laws (1750), 1st English translation, translated by Thomas Nugent
* The Spirit of Laws (1758), translated by Thomas Nugent
# The Spirit of Laws (1758)

Index
* Volume I. (Table of Contents)
** The Translator to the Reader
** Preface
** Book I. Of Laws in general.
** Book II. Of Laws directly derived from the Nature of Government.
** Book III. Of the principles of the three Kinds of Government.
** Book IV. That the Laws of Education ought to be relative to the Principles of Government.
** Book V. That the Laws given by the Legislator ought to be relative to the Principle of Government.
** Book VI. Consequences of the Principles of different Governments with respect to the Simplicity of civil and criminal Laws, the Form of Judgments, and the inflicting of Punishments.
** Book VII. Consequences of the different Principles of the three Governments with respect to sumptuary Laws, Luxury, and the Condition of Women.
** Book VIII. Of the Corruption of the Principles of the three Governments.
** Book IX. Of Laws in the Relation they bear to a defensive Force.
** Book X. Of Laws in the relation they bear to Offensive Force.
** Book XI. Of the Laws that form political Liberty, with regard to the Constitution.
** Book XII. Of the Laws that form political Liberty as relative to the Subject.
** Book XIII. Of the Relation which the levying of Taxes, and the Greatness of the public Revenues have to Liberty.
** Book XIV. Of Laws as relative to the Nature of the Climate.
** Book XV. In what manner the Laws of civil Slavery are relative to the Nature of the Climate.
** Book XVI. How the Laws of domestic Slavery have a Relation to the Nature of the Climate.
** Book XVII. How the Laws of political Servitude have a Relation to the Nature of the Climate.
** Book XVIII. Of Laws in the Relation they bear to the Nature of the Soil.
** Book XIX. Of Laws in Relation to the Principles which form the general Spirit, the Morals and Customs of a Nation.
* Volume II.
This work is a translation and has a separate copyright status to the applicable copyright protections of the original content.
# Dayton-Goose Creek Railway Company v. United States

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
263 U.S. 456
Dayton-Goose Creek Railway Company v. United States
Argued: Nov. 16-19, 1923. --- Decided: Jan 7 1924
Messrs. Frank Andrews, of Houston, Tex., Robert J. Carey, of New York City, and Robert H. Kelley, of Houston, Tex., for appellant.
[Syllabus and Argument of Counsels from pages 456-464 intentionally omitted]
Mr. P. J. Farrell, of Washington, D. C., for Interstate Commerce Commission.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 464-466 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Solicitor General Beck, of Washington, D. C., for the United States.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 466-474 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Chief Justice TAFT delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Barton

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
183 U.S. 23
Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Barton
Argued: March 7, 1901. --- Decided: October 21, 1901
This was an action tried in the circuit court of Rhea county, Tennessee, wherein T. A. Barton, a citizen of Tennessee, sought to recover from the Dayton Coal & Iron Company (Limited), a corporation organized under the laws of Great Britain, and doing business as a manufacturer of pig iron and coke in said county. The company owns a store, where it sells goods to its employees and other persons. The company also has a monthly pay day, and settles in cash with its employees on said pay day. In the meantime, and to such of its employees as see fit to request the same, it issues orders on its storekeeper for goods.
On March 17, 1899, the legislature of Tennessee passed an act requiring 'all persons, firms, corporations, and companies using coupons, scrip, punchouts, store orders, or other evidences of indebtedness to pay laborers and employees for labor or otherwise, to redeem the same in good and lawful money of the United States in the hands of their employees, laborers, or a bona fide holder, and to provide a legal remedy for collection of same in favor of said laborers, employees, and such bona fide holders.'
This was a suit brought by said Barton to recover as a bona fide holder of certain store orders that had been issued by the defendant company to some of its laborers in payment for labor. The defendant company denied the validity of the legislation, as well under the laws and Constitution of Tennessee as the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. The plaintiff recovered a judgment against the company in the circuit court of Rhea county, and this judgment was affirmed by the supreme court of Tennessee, whereupon a writ of error from this court was allowed by the chief justice of the state supreme court.
Mr. F. L. Mansfield for plaintiff in error.
Mr. B. G. McKenzie for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Shiras delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Cincinnati New Orleans & Texas Pacific Railway Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
239 U.S. 446
Dayton Coal Iron Company v. Cincinnati New Orleans & Texas Pacific Railway Company
Argued: November 12, 1915. --- Decided: December 20, 1915
Messrs. G. H. West and W. B. Miller for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. Joseph E. Brown, M. M. Allison, Frank Spurlock, Foster V. Brown, and Claude Waller for defendants in error.
Mr. Justice Day delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dayton Power Light Company v. Public Utilities Commission of Ohio

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
292 U.S. 290
Dayton Power Light Company v. Public Utilities Commission of Ohio
Argued: March 13, 14, 1934. --- Decided: April 30, 1934
On Appeal from the Supreme Court of the State of Ohio.
[Syllabus from pages 290-292 intentionally omitted]
Messrs. John E. Mullin, of Kane, Pa., and Edwin P. Matthews, of Dayton, Ohio, for appellant.
Messrs. Donald C. Power, and John W. Bricker, both of Columbus, Ohio, for appellee.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carew, Matthew

1904 Errata appended.
​CAREW, Sir MATTHEW (d. 1818), master in chancery, was the younger son (being the tenth of nineteen children) of Sir Wymond Carew of Antony, Cornwall, treasurer of the first-fruits and tenths, by Martha Denny, sister of Sir Anthony Denny. He was educated at Westminster School, under Alexander Newell, and proceeded to Trinity College, where he become a fellow and remained in residence for ten years. On determining to adopt the law as his profession in life, Carew repaired to Louvain, and continued studying there and at other universities on the continent for twelve years. His next step was to accompany Henry, earl of Arundel, into Italy as interpreter, and to return with the earl to English Carew then entered upon practice in the court of arches, and ultimately became master in chancery, a position which he held so long as to he styled in 1802 one of the ‘ancientest' masters, and to justify his being knighted on 23 July 1603, before the coronation of James I. His wife was Alice, eldest daughter of Sir John Rivers, knight, lord mayor of London, and widow of one Ingpenny; by her Csrew had numerous ​children. He was buried at St. Dunstan's-in-the-West on 2 Aug. 1618, the main incidents in his career being described in a memorial tablet in the church, and his name being kept in remembrance by a charitable bequest for the poor of the parish. At the close of his life Carew was involved in trouble. There was a rumour in January 1613 that he would be 'cozened' of eight or nine thousand pounds through the fraud of a person in whom he reposed great confidence, and a little later his eldest son was engaged in a quarrel with one Captain Osborne, 'and, whether thro' him or another Cary, poor Osborne was slain.'
[Court and Times of James I, i. 220, 330; Collect. Topog. et Geneal. v. 206–8; Bibl. Topog. Britt. i. 30; Herald and Genealogist, vii. 575; Visit. of Cornwall (Harl. Soc. 1874), p. 33.]
W. P. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.54 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 55 | ii | 9 f.e. | Carew, Sir Matthew: for ultimately read in 1588 |