# Compendium of US Copyright Office Practices, II (1984)/1000

Chapter 1000
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT
Outline of Topics
1001Applicability of this chapter. 1002Unpublished works. 1003Published works. 1003.01Visually perceptible copies. 1003.02Phonorecords. 1003.03Contributions to collective works. 1004Form of the copyright notice. 1004.01Visually perceptible copies. 1004.02Phonorecords of sound recordings. 1004.03Special provision concerning U.S. Government works. 1004.04Limitations in juxtaposition to the copyright notice. 1004.05Restricted notice. 1005Variants of word, symbol, or abbreviation. 1005.01Visually perceptible copies. 1005.02Phonorecords of sound recordings. 1006Year date in the copyright notice. 1006.01Form of year date. 1006.02Omitted where required. 1006.03Earlier than year of publication (antedated). 1006.04Later than year of publication (postdated). 1006.05Dispersed notice: year date. 1006.06More than one year in notice. 1007Name in copyright notice. 1007.01Name as claimant on application. 1007.02Sound recordings: presumption as to producer's name in notice. 1007.03Abbreviation or alternative designation. 1007.04Unacceptable variants of name, abbreviation, or alternative designation. 1007.05Pseudonym in notice.
1007.06Deceased person named in notice at time of publication. 1007.07Identity by reference. 1007.08Additional names in notice. 1007.09Separated name. 1008Omission of copyright notice. 1008.01Registration. 1009Error in name. 1010Error in date. 1010.01Earlier date. 1010.02Later date. 1011Omission of name or date. 1011.01Separated name. 1011.02Separated date. 1011.03Identity by reference. 1012Publication incorporating United States Government works. 1013Affixation and position of the copyright notice. 1013.01Copies. 1013.02Phonorecords. 1013.03Notice not properly affixed. 1013.04Works published in book form. 1013.05Periodicals or other serials. 1013.06Musical works. 1013.07Single-leaf works. 1013.08Contributions to collective works. 1013.09Works reproduced in machine-readable copies. 1013.10Motion pictures and other audiovisual works. 1013.11Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works. 1013.12Separable parts published in permanent con­tainer. 1013.13Dust jackets on books. 1013.14Sound recordings. 1013.15Multi-part works.
1014Handwritten, typewritten, or rubber-stamped copy­ right notice on published copies or phonorecords. 1015Legibility of copyright notice. 1016Microscopic copyright notice. 1017Concealed copyright notice. 1017.01Notice visible upon ordinary use. 1018Copyright notice: reverses. 1019Notice of renewal copyright. 1020Notices extraneous to the claim being registered.
Chapter 1000
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT
Variants of word, symbol, or abbreviation. Unacceptable variants of the symbol © or the word "Copyright," or of the abbreviation "Copr.," will be treated as an omission of notice. See section 1008 of this chapter. An acceptable variant will be treated as if the correct symbol, word, or abbreviation appeared as a part of the notice.
A misspelled or variant form of "Copyright" or "Copr." may be accepted if it is clear that copyright is meant. Examples of variants which are acceptable:
Acceptable variants include:
Unacceptable variants include:
Unacceptable variants include:
Year date in the copyright notice. As a general rule the copyright notice both for copies (17 U.S.C. 401(b)(2) and for phonorecords of sound recordings (17 U.S.C. 402(b)(2 must include the year of first publication of the work. The notice on copies of a compilation or derivative work incorporating ​previously published material requires only the year date of first publication of the compilation or derivative work. 17 U.S.C. 401(b)(2). The year date may be omitted where a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, with accompanying text, if any, is reproduced in or on greeting cards, postcards, stationery, jewelry, dolls, toys, or any useful articles. 17 U.S.C. 101 and 401(b)(2). NOTE: A label is not considered a useful article, from which the year date may be omitted. Those textiles and fabrics which are useful articles do not require a year date; however, where a copyright notice applicable to a textile or a fabric which is a useful article is contained on a label affixed to the textile or fabric, and the year date is omitted from the notice, such notice shall be acceptable insofar as it applies to the textile or fabric. See section 1013.11(4)(iii) below.
On the right side of the label:
Doe Recording Company Produced and arranged by Jay Jones
Along the bottom of the label:
Works published in book form. In the case of works published in book form, a notice repro­duced on the copies in any of the following positions is acceptable.
As used in connection with the position of the notice, the term "leaf" means a sheet of paper or the like, which may exist as a separate item or as a part of a book or similar publication. A "page" is a single side of a leaf.
Contributions to collective works. For a separate contribution to a collective work to be considered to "bear its own notice of copyright," as provided by 17 U.S.C. 404, a notice reproduced on the copies in any of the following positions is acceptable:
Works published in a form requiring the use of a machine or device for purposes of optical enlargement, such as film, filmstrips, slide films, and works published in any variety of microform, and works published in any visually perceptible form but used in connection with optical scanning devices, are not within this category. See also section 1017 below.
See 37 C.F.R. 201.20(h).
See 37 C.F.R. 201.20(i)(1-4).
Separable parts published in permanent container. If the work is permanently housed in a container such as a game or puzzle box, a notice reproduced on the permanent container is acceptable.
Concealed copyright notice. A notice which is permanently covered up so that it cannot be seen without tearing the work apart is considered unacceptable, and the claim will be treated as if publication of the work had occurred without notice. See 17 U.S.C. 405 and section 1008 of this chapter.
Examples:
NOTE: The acceptability of a notice depends upon its being permanently legible to an ordinary user of the work under normal conditions of use, and affixed to the copies in such manner and position that, when affixed, it is not concealed from view upon reasonable examination.
Notice visible upon ordinary use. A notice which,though not visible on casual inspection of the work, becomes visible upon ordinary use of the work is acceptable.
Examples:
the copyright in such works. However, a notice which also refers to the fact of renewal may be used. Such a notice might read as follows:
    Copyright 1953 by John Doe
    Copyright renewed by Mrs. Mary Doe
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