OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Northey, Edward

1904 Errata appended.
​NORTHEY, Sir EDWARD (1652–1723), attorney-general, born in 1652, was son of William Northey of London, esq. The latter was probably the son of Thomas Northey who matriculated at Oxford (Wadham College) in June 1634, and was afterwards a barrister of the Middle Temple. Edward was educated at St. Paul's School, under Samuel Cromleholme, and at Queen's College, Oxford, where he matriculated 4 Dec. 1668, aged 16. His name does not appear in the register of graduates. In 1674 he was called to the bar at the Middle Temple, and in 1697 was made a bencher of that society. In June 1701, on the promotion of Sir Thomas Trevor to be lord chief justice of the common pleas, Northey was made attorney-general. This office he held till 1707, and again from 1710 till March 1718, when he resigned with a pension of 1,500l. a year. On 1 June 1702 he was knighted. He was engaged in many state trials, notably in that of David Lindsay for high treason, 1704, and in that of John Tutchin [q. v.], so cruel in its sequel, for libel. Among his extant ‘opinions’ on cases submitted to him is one referring to an appointment held by Addison (Egerton MS. 1971, f. 19). In December 1710 he was elected M.P. for Tiverton, and in September 1715 he was appointed a commissioner under the act for building fifty new churches in and about London and Westminster. He died on 16 Aug. 1723.
In 1687 (license dated 1 Dec.) he married Ann Jolliffe of St. Martin Outwich in the city of London. By this lady, who died on 14 Aug. 1743, he had a daughter, Anne, wife of Robert, Lord Raymond [q. v.], lord chief-justice.
[Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714, iii. 1078; Gardiner's Admission Registers of St. Paul's School, p. 53, and of Wadham College, p. 114; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. ix. 590; Gent. Mag. 1743, p. 443; information from Mr. W. R. Douthwaite, librarian of Gray's Inn; State Trials, xiv. 1018, 1105; Addit. MSS. (Brit. Mus.), Nos. 6726 p. 5, 12201, 30222, f. 22; Lansdowne MS. 504, f. 12. Letters of a William and Thomas Northey, presumably those mentioned above, are in Addit. MS. 11049, ff. 112–30.]
J. H. L.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.207 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
| Page | Col. | Line | |
| 200 | ii | 25-26 | Northey, Sir Edward: for Sir Thomas Raymond [q. v.], baron of the exchequer. read Robert Raymond, Lord Raymond [q. v.], lord chief justice. |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Northwell, William de

William Norwell in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
​NORTHWELL or NORWELL, WILLIAM de (d. 1363), baron of the exchequer, probably took his name from Norwell, Nottinghamshire, of which he was doubtless a native. Another William de Northwell was appointed rector of St. Clement's, Eastcheap, in 1309. The future baron was clerk of the king's kitchen in 1313. In 1327 he apparently adhered to Edward II, but received a pardon from the regency in the same year. In March 1329 he was presented to the ‘church of Candlewyke-street, London’ (Tanner, p. 155), and on 14 April he accompanied the king to France; on 27 July he was presented to the church of Wistow, Lincolnshire, and soon after to a moiety of that of Eckington, Derbyshire. On 14 Aug. 1331 he received the living of Bainton, Yorkshire, but the presentation was revoked on 28 Sept.; on 31 July he was granted for life the custody of the hospital of St. Nicholas, Carlisle. On 14 Dec. 1332 he received the prebend of Freeford, Staffordshire (Cal. Patent Rolls, 1330–4, p. 377), and in 1332 that of Norwell Overhall in the diocese of Southwell by royal grant, but the Archbishop of York disputed the right of presentation; Northwell was finally installed on 13 Sept. 1333 (ib. p. 478; Le Neve, iii. 437). On 12 Sept. 1335 Northwell was appointed keeper of the king's wardrobe, and Tanner says he received a prebend in Wolverhampton Church on 21 June 1338. In 1340 he resigned the wardrobe, and on 21 June was made a baron of the exchequer, but soon resumed office at the wardrobe (cf. Palgrave, Ancient Kalendars, iii. passim).
In 1346 Northwell accompanied the king on his Creçy campaign, and kept the accounts of the expedition (Three Fifteenth-Century Chronicles, Camden Soc., p. 85). He remained at Calais until the following year, assisting in the administration of the town. On 8 Dec. 1348 he was presented by the Black Prince, as Earl of Chester, to the living of Stockport; but this did not prevent his continuance at the wardrobe. He died in 1363. Northwell was succeeded in the ​prebend of Norwell Overhall first by a John de Northwell, and then by another William de Northwell, and several Northwells appear as benefactors of Southwell Cathedral. A William de Northwell wrote, according to Pits (p. 857), ‘Quasdam historias de rebus Anglicis,’ of which no copy seems known.
[Authorities quoted; Calenders of Close and Patent Rolls, passim; Cal. Rot. Pat. (Record ed.), p. 137 b; Rymer's Fœdera (Record ed.); Rot. Origin. Abbreviatio, ii. 141; Parl. Writs, iii. 1232; Hardy's Reg. Pal. Dunelmense, iv. 104; Beltz's Order of the Garter, pp. 383–7; Tanner's Bibl. Brit.-Hib.; Foss's Judges, iii. 469; Brown's Nottinghamshire Worthies, pp. 50–3.]
A. F. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Northwood, Roger de

​NORTHWOOD or NORTHWODE, ROGER de (d. 1285), baron of the exchequer, was son of Stephen de Northwood, who is said to have been the son of one Jordan de Sheppey, and to have acquired a grant of the manor of Northwood Chasteners, Kent, whence the family derived its name (Hasted, ii. 624–6). The account which describes him as son of a crusader called Roger is clearly a fiction based on the brass of a cross-legged knight in Minster Church [see under Northwood, John]. Roger first occurs in 1237 as witness to a deed in the exchequer, where he was no doubt employed (Madox, Hist. Exch. i. 726), and in 1258 was executor for Reginald de Cobham. According to Hasted (Hist. of Kent, iv. 69) he was for a short time warden of the Cinque ports, apparently in 1257. In 1259 he was a justice in Kent (Hasted, ii. 309). He was a ​baron of the exchequer previously to 20 Nov. 1274, and appears in this capacity in most years till the time of his death. He also appears as acting on various commissions of a judicial nature: thus on 11 Nov. 1280 he was appointed to inquire into the repair of Rochester bridge, on 18 Feb. 1282 he was on a commission of oyer and terminer in Middlesex, on 1 May of this year he was on a commission to inquire as to amercements in Kent, and on other commissions on 20 Aug. 1284 and 20 May 1285 (49th Report of the Deputy Keeper of Public Records, p. 127; Cal. Pat. Rolls Edw. I, 1281–92, pp. 44, 46, 143, 206). In 1277 he was excused from service in Wales as being employed at the exchequer, and on 28 Oct. 1284 is mentioned as witnessing a writ in the exchequer (Annales Monastici, iii. 301). He died on Friday, 9 Nov. 1285 (Cal. Genealogicum, i. 359). He married, before 1248, Bona, daughter of Henry de Waltham; she is sometimes called Bona FitzBernard. His son John [q. v.] is separately noticed.
[Hasted's History of Kent; Madox's Hist. of the Exchequer, i. 726, ii. 20, 62, 112, 320–1; Dugdale's Baronage, ii. 70; Foss's Judges of England, iii. 136–7; Archæologia Cantiana, ii. 9–42; other authorities quoted.]
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Northcote, William

​NORTHCOTE, WILLIAM (d. 1783?), naval surgeon, passed on 20 Oct. 1757 an examination for naval surgeons at the Surgeons' Company in London, and was declared to be fit to act as `second mate to a fourth rate.' On 18 Oct. 1759 his name again appears ​as having been examined and ‘found fit to act as first mate to a first rate.’ He never became a member of the company, but on 8 Feb. 1771 he was certified by the Surgeons' Company to be ‘qualified to act as surgeon to a first rate.’ His first warrant is dated 11 Feb. 1771, and he is said to have served in the Dublin. His professional works, compiled for the guidance of naval surgeons, show that he was engaged on active service in all parts of the world, and he professed to be specially conversant with the treatment of diseases occurring in tropical countries. He is marked as dead in the admiralty list for 1783.
Northcote's writings are of little medical interest, as he does not cite cases, and rarely describes any of his own methods of treatment. Their titles are: 1. ‘The Marine Practice of Physic and Surgery,’ in two vols. London, 1770. This is Northcote's chief work; and it exhibits, in the rare instances of allusion to his personal experiences, descriptive powers of a high order. The preface is dated from Cornwall 12 June 1769. The most interesting part of the work is an appendix containing ‘Some brief Directions to be observed by the Sea Surgeon previous to and in an Engagement,’ in which the author related in a most graphic manner the difficulties attending the practice of his art at sea when the ship was under fire. 2. ‘The Anatomy of the Human Body, for the Use of Naval Practitioners,’ London, 1772. 3. ‘A Concise History of Anatomy,’ London, 1772. 4. ‘Methodus Prescribendi,’ London, 1772—a copy of the pharmacopœias of the London, Edinburgh, Paris, and St. Petersburg Hospitals, with the formulæ in use in the English and Russian fleets, and in the British army.
[Information supplied by Mr. Trimmer, the secretary of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, and by Dr. Norbury, C.B., deputy inspector-general, R.N.]
D’A. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Rowe, Joshua Brooking

​ROWE, JOSHUA BROOKING (1837–1908), antiquary and naturalist, born at Plymouth on 12 June 1837, was only son of Joshua Brooking Rowe of Brixton, near Plymouth, printer and bookseller of Plymouth, by his second wife, Harriett Caroline, daughter of Captain Charles Patey, R.N. Samuel Rowe [q. v.], writer about Dartmoor, was his uncle. After education at a private school in Plymouth the younger Joshua was in 1860 admitted a solicitor, and practised for many years in Plymouth in partnership with Francis Bulteel, and latterly with W. L. Munday.
Through life he devoted his leisure to literary and scientific research. A paper on 'The Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, and Amphibians of Devon,’ which he read before the Plymouth Institution in 1862, was issued separately next year. Subsequently he published much on archæological topics, and encouraged local archæological study. In 1862 he helped to form the Devon Association, of which he was president in 1882, and joint honorary secretary from 1901 till death. To the 'Transactions' of the association he contributed over fifty papers. In 1875 he was elected F.S.A., of which he was a local secretary. He was also a fellow of the Linnean Society, and a member of numerous antiquarian societies, being a founder of the Devon and Cornwall Record Society.
From 1882 he resided at Plympton St. Maurice, where he was active in local affairs. He transcribed the parish registers for publication in the 'Parish Magazine.' On 28 June 1908 he died at Plympton St. Maurice, and was buried in the churchyard there.
In December 1864 he married at St. Andrew's, Plymouth, Sara Foale, daughter of Henry Mews, of Plympton, by whom he had no issue.
A photograph hangs in the Exeter public library, to which he bequeathed his library of about 10,000 volumes, pamphlets and manuscripts, including an unpublished history of Plympton St. Mary.
Rowe revised Samuel Rowe's 'Perambulation of … Dartmoor' (Exeter, 1896), and also published:
* 'The Cistercian Houses of Devon,' Plymouth, 1878.
* ’The History of Plympton Erie,' Exeter, 1906.
* 'The Ecclesiastical History of Plymouth,' 4 parts; Plymouth, 1873-4-5-6.
He wrote for many local periodicals, and was joint editor of 'Devon Notes and Queries,' some of his contributions to which were reprinted separately. The article on the 'Mammals of Devon,' for the Devon volume of the 'Victoria County Histories,' is by him.
[Trans. of Devonshire Association, vol. 40, 1908; Devon and Cornwall Notes and Queries, 1908, v. 121; private information.]
H. T-S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Rowlands, David

​ROWLANDS, DAVID, 'Dewi Mon' (1836–1907), Welsh scholar and poet, son of John and Margaret Rowlands, was born on 4 March 1836 at Geufron, Rhosybol, Anglesey. Two years later, his father moved to the farm at Ty Cristion, Bodedern. After a village education he was apprenticed at thirteen, and spent some time in shops at Holyhead and Hatfield. But at the instance of the ​Rev. W. Griffith, Holyhead, he became an independent preacher, and in 1853 entered Bala Congregational College. Thence he went in 1856 to New College, London; he returned to Bala in 1857 for a year as assistant-tutor, and in 1858 became a member of the Congregational College at Brecon, graduating B.A. at London University in 1860. His first pastorate was at Llanbrynmair (1861–6); he was then for four years (1866–70) minister of the English church at Welshpool, and for two (1870–2) of the English church at Carmarthen. From 1872 to 1897 he was one of the tutors of Brecon College, and from 1897 head of the institution. He died at Brecon on 7 Jan. 1907.
Rowlands, whose bardic name was ‘Dewi Mon,’ was of versatile gifts, an able preacher and teacher, a skilful writer of Welsh and English verse, and a conspicuous figure in Welsh literary and political life. In his later years the critical state of his health kept him somewhat in retirement. His chief works are: 1. ‘Caniadau Serch’ (Welsh lyrics), Bala, 1855, published when he was nineteen. 2. ‘Sermons on Historical Subjects,’ London, 1870. 3. ‘Grammadeg Cymraeg,’ Wrexham, 1877, a short Welsh grammar. 4. ‘Gwersi mewn Grammadeg,’ Dolgelly, 1882, a manual of lessons in grammar. 5. A Welsh version of the ‘Alcestis’ of Euripides, 1887, sent in for competition at the Aberdare eisteddfod of 1885; it divided the prize with another version and both were printed in one volume at the cost of the marquis of Bute. 6. ‘Telyn Tudno,’ Wrexham, 1897, containing the life and works of his brother-in-law, the poet Tudno (Thomas Tudno Jones). Rowlands worked much with the composer Joseph Parry, [q. v. Suppl. II], and supplied English words for the opera ‘Blodwen’ and the oratorios ‘Emmanuel’ and ‘Joseph’; he was also literary editor of Parry's ‘Cambrian Minstrelsie’ (Edinburgh, 1893). He was one of the four editors of the hymns in ‘Y Caniedydd Cynulleidfaol’ (London, 1895), the hymn and tune book of the Welsh congregationalists, and in 1902 was chairman of the Congregational Union of Wales. He took a leading part in Breconshire politics and was a member of the committee which drafted the county scheme of intermediate education. He married (1) in 1864, Mary Elizabeth, daughter of William Roberts of Liverpool, by whom he left a son, Wilfred; (2) in 1897, Alice, step-daughter of J. Prothero, of Brecon.
[Who's Who, 1907; ‘Album Aberhonddu’ ed. T. Stephens, 1898, pp. 118–9; T. R. Roberts, Dict. of Eminent Welshmen; Brit. Weekly, 10 Jan. 1907; Geninen, March 1907; Congregational Yearbook, 1908, pp. 196–7.]
J. E. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Russell, William James

​RUSSELL, WILLIAM JAMES (1830–1909), chemist, born at Gloucester on 20 May 1830, was son of Thomas Rougher Russell (1775–1851), a banker at Gloucester, and was grandson of Priestley's friend, William Russell (1740–1818) [q. v.]. His mother was Mary (1790–1877), fourth daughter of Col. James Skey. Educated at private schools at Bristol and Birmingham, he entered University College, London, in 1847, studying chemistry under Thomas Graham [q v.] and Alexander Williamson [q. v. Suppl. II]. For two years a demonstrator at Owens College, Manchester, under Frankland (1851–3), he proceeded thence to Heidelberg University, becoming a pupil of Bunsen and graduating Ph.D. in 1855. In 1857 he became assistant to Prof. Williamson and carried out researches on the analysis of gases, the results of which were communicated to the Chemical Society. For Henry Watts's 'Dictionary of Chemistry' he wrote the article on 'Gas Analysis' (1868). Other investigations comprised the determination of the atomic weights of cobalt and nickel; memoirs on absorption spectra; and papers on the action of wood and other substances on a photographic plate in darkness (see Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society, vol. 197, B. 1905). From 1868 to 1870 he was lecturer in chemistry at the medical school, St. Mary's Hospital, London, and subsequently (1870–97) held a similar post at St. Bartholomew's. He was (1860–70) professor of natural philosophy at Bedford College, London, and in later life was chairman of the council.
Following a long period of honorary service at the Chemical Society, Russell became president, 1889–91. Elected F.R.S. on 6 June 1872, he was Bakerian lecturer in 1898. One of the founders of the Institute of Chemistry, he was president 1894–7. He died at Ringwood on 12 Nov. 1909. Russell married in 1862 Fanny, daughter of Abraham Follett Osler [q. v. Suppl. II], by whom he had issue ​one son and one daughter; the latter married Dr. Alexander Scott, F.R.S.
[Roy. Soc. Proc. lxxxiv. A; Chem. Soc. Jubilee vol. 1891, and Trans, presidential addresses; St. Bart.'s Hosp. Reports (with portrait), vol. xlv.; Nature, 25 Nov. 1909 (by Prof. G. Carey Foster); The Times, 13 Nov. 1909; S. H. Jeyes's Russells of Birmingham, 1911, p. 268 (with photograph).]
T. E. J.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ollier, Edmund

​OLLIER, EDMUND (1827–1886), author, son of Charles Ollier [q. v.], was born in 1827, and privately educated. He ‘beheld Charles Lamb with infantile eyes, and sat in poor Mary Lamb's lap.’ As a boy he used to listen to Leigh Hunt's and B. R. Haydon's stories. He adopted the profession of literature, and, after some years of miscellaneous work, became connected with the ‘Daily News,’ ‘Athenæum,’ ‘Household Words,’ and ‘All the Year Round.’ In 1867 he republished verses which had originally appeared in the periodicals under the title of ‘Poems from the Greek Mythology, and Miscellaneous Poems.’ In the same year he contributed an edition of the first series of the ‘Essays of Elia,’ with a memoir of the author, to ‘Hotten's Worldwide Library;’ and in 1869 published an edition of Leigh Hunt's ‘Tale for the Chimney Corner.’ Becoming connected with the publishing firm of Cassell, Petter, & Galpin, Ollier wrote a memoir of Doré, &c., for the ‘Doré Gallery,’ 1870; ‘Cassell's Illustrated History of the War between France and Germany,’ 2 vols. 1871–2; ‘Our British Portrait-Painters from Sir Peter Lely to J. Sant,’ 1874; ‘Cassell's Illustrated History of the United States,’ 3 vols. 1874–7; ‘Cassell's Illustrated History of the Russo-Turkish War,’ 2 vols. 1877–1879; ‘A Popular History of Sacred Art,’ 1882; ‘Cassell's Illustrated Universal History,’ 4 vols. 1882–5. At the time of his death he was engaged upon the ‘Life and Times of Queen Victoria.’ The first eleven chapters were by Ollier, and the remainder of the work by Robert Wilson.
Ollier died at his house in Oakley Street, Chelsea, on 19 April 1886. He married a Miss Gattie, who survived him, but left no issue. He was a man of wide biographical ​and topographical knowledge, but his works were chiefly compiled from obvious sources.
L. C. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Olliffe, Joseph Francis

​OLLIFFE, Sir JOSEPH FRANCIS (1808–1869), physician, son of Joseph Olliffe, merchant, of Cork, by Elizabeth, daughter of Charles McCarthy of Sunville, co. Limerick, was born at Cork in 1808. He was educated in Paris, and graduated M.A. at the university in 1829, and M.D. in 1840. For some time he acted as tutor in the family of the Count de Cresnoi, but in 1840 he commenced the practice of medicine in Paris. He was a fellow of the Anatomical Society of Paris, and at one period filled the post of president of the Paris Medical Society. Louis-Philippe in 1846 appointed him a knight of the Legion of Honour, and he was promoted to the rank of officer in 1855 by Napoleon III. In March 1852 he became physician to the British embassy, and on 13 June in the following year was knighted at Buckingham Palace. The board of trade nominated him a juror for hygiene, pharmacy, surgery, and medicine in the French international exhibition in April 1855; in 1861 he was appointed one of the committee for sanitary appliances in the international exhibition of 1862, and he became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London in 1859. He enjoyed for many years a large practice and considerable social position. Inheriting by his marriage in 1841 with Laura (d. 1898), second daughter of Sir William Cubitt, a large fortune, he was able to entertain largely. The friend as well as the physician of Count de Morny, he joined him in extensive building operations at Deauville, near Trouville, a watering-place which they may be said to have created. The heavy responsibilities connected with this unremunerative speculation much clouded his later years. He died at Brighton on 14 March 1869.
G. C. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ollyffe, John

​OLLYFFE, JOHN (1647–1717), divine, son of John Ollyffe of Arundel, Sussex, was born there in 1647. After spending three years at Cambridge he removed to Oxford, and matriculated at Queen's College on 7 Feb. 1667–8. In 1672 he proceeded B.C.L. from New Inn Hall, and took holy orders. He was instituted, in 1673, rector of West Almer, Dorset, where he remained twenty years. In 1693 he was preferred to the rectory of Dunton, Buckinghamshire, where he remained until his death on 24 June 1717.
Ollyffe had three sons: John (b. 1676), rector of Hedgerley, Buckinghamshire, 1699–1743; George (b. 1682), vicar of Kemble 1707, and of Wendover 1715; and Thomas, vicar of Dunton and Eyworth, Bedfordshire, 1712–42, and rector of Denham, Buckinghamshire, 1742–8.
Ollyffe published, besides separate sermons: 1. ‘A Brief Defence of Infant-Baptism: with an Appendix, wherein is shewed that it is not necessary that Baptism should be administred by Dipping,’ London, 1694. 2. ‘The Blessedness of Good men after Death: a Sermon Preach'd at the Funeral of the Revd. Mr. Henry Cornish, B.D. … with a Preface to Rectifie some Misrepresentations, &c., in a late Pamphlet entitled “Some Remarks on the Life, Death, and Burial of the said Mr. Cornish,”’ London, 1699. 3. ‘An Essay towards a Comprehension, or a Persuasive to Unity amongst Protestants. Humbly offered to the Consideration of the two Houses of Parliament, and especially to the Most Reverend the Archbishops, the Right Reverend the Bishops, and the rest of the Clergy assembled in Convocation,’ London, 1701. 4. ‘A Defence of Ministerial Conformity to the Church of England: in answer to the Misrepresentations of the terms thereof by Mr. Calamy, in the Tenth Chapter of his Abridgement of the “History of Mr. Baxter's Life and Times,”’ London, 1792. This was replied to by ‘J. A.’ in ‘A Letter to the Reverend Mr. John Ollyffe touching the Declaration of Assent and Consent to the Liturgy and the Imposition of certain things scrupled therein,’ London, 1703, and by Edmund Calamy the younger in ‘A Defence of Moderate Non-Conformity,’ 3 pts. London, 1703–5. The third part contains ‘an Index of some Peculiarities in Mr. Ollyffe's manner of writing in this controversie.’ Ollyffe replied with (5) ‘A Second Defence of Ministerial Conformity to the Church of England,’ London, 1705; and again with (6) ‘A Third Defence of Ministerial Conformity to the Church of England,’ London, 1706. 7. ‘A Practical Exposition of the Church Catechism,’ 2 vols. London, 1710.
[Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714; Hutchins's Hist. of Dorset, iii. 496; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iv. 533; Kennet's Register, 837; Wilson's Dissenting Churches, i. 380, iv. 75; Register of Arundel, per the Rev. J. E. G. Farmer; Rawlinson MS. B. lxxx.]
C. F. S.