OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Bowen, Francis

Edition of 1920. See also Francis Bowen on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
BOWEN, Francis, American educator and author: b. Charlestown, Mass., 8 Sept. 1811; d. Cambridge, Mass., 21 Jan. 1890. He was graduated from Harvard in 1833, and for a time taught mathematics in Phillips-Exeter Academy. He became instructor in natural philosophy and political economy at Harvard, 1835; studied in Europe, 1839—41, meeting Sismondi and De Gerando. Returning to Cambridge in 1843 he took charge of the North American Review, as editor and proprietor, and conducted it with great ability for nearly 11 years. On account of his having taken the unpopular side in the Review on the Hungarian question, the overseers of Harvard refused to concur with the corporation in appointing him professor of history in 1850. When Dr. Walker became president of Harvard in 1853, Professor Bowen was elected Alford professor of natural religion, moral philosophy and civil polity, and held that chair until 1888, when he became professor emeritus. He opposed the doctrines of Darwin and accepted those of Sir William Hamilton, and in philosophy upheld the views of Locke and Berkeley against those of Cousin, Comte, Fichte, Kant and Mill. He was a clear, forceful, independent thinker, and possessed a style notable for its energy and precision. As a writer he was most industrious, treating with success widely varying topics. The following is a selected list of his publications: ‘Documents of the Constitutions of England and America, from Magna Charta to the Federal Constitution of 1789’ (1854); ‘The Principles of Metaphysical and Ethical Science applied to the Evidences of Religion’ (1855); ‘Dugald Stewart's Philosophy of the Human Mind, with Critical Notes’ (1854); ‘Principles of Political Economy’ (1856); ‘The Metaphysics of Sir William Hamilton’ (1862); ‘De Tocqueville's Democracy in America, edited with notes’ (1862); ‘Logic, or the Laws of Pure Thought’ (1864); ‘American Political Economy’ (1870).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Bowker, Richard Rogers

Edition of 1920. See also Richard Rogers Bowker on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
BOWKER, bow'kėr, Richard Rogers, American author: b. Salem, Mass., 4 Sept. 1848. He was graduated at the College of the City of New York in 1868, and has been prominent in politics as an independent and was the originator of the independent Republican movement of 1879. He has edited the Publisher's Weekly, the Library Journal and the American Catalogue, and has published ‘Work and Wealth’; ‘Economics for the People’; ‘Copyright: Its Law and Its Literature’; ‘Primer for Political Education’; ‘Electoral Reform’; ‘The Arts of Life’; ‘Civil Service Examination.’
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Boëthus

Edition of 1920. See also Boethus on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
BOËTHUS, Greek sculptor: b. Chalcedon early in the 2d century B.C. He is celebrated for his statues of children. ‘The Boy With the Goose’ was his most famous work. A girl playing with dice and a boy extracting a thorn were subjects of other masterpieces by him. According to Pliny he excelled in working in silver. Consult Journal of Hellenic Studies (Vol. VI, p. 7) and Jahrbuch d. d. Inst. (1904, p. 212).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Brandeis, Louis Dembitz

Edition of 1920. See also Louis Brandeis on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
BRANDEIS, Louis Dembitz, American jurist: b. Louisville, Ky., 13 Nov. 1856. He was educated in the Louisville public and high schools, at the Annen Realschule, Dresden, 1873-75, and at Harvard University, where he received the degree of LL.B. in 1877. He was admitted to the bar the following year. From 1879 to 1916 he practised in Boston, being a member of the firm of Warren & Brandeis until 1897, and of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter, 1897-1916. In 1910 he was counsel for Luther B. Glavis in the Ballinger-Pinchot investigation; in 1911 counsel for shippers in the advanced freight rate investigation before the Interstate Commerce Commission; in 1913-14 special counsel for the Interstate Commerce Commission in the second advanced freight rate case; in 1915 he was special counsel for the government in the Riggs National Bank case. In 1914 he was counsel for the people in the proceedings involving the constitutionality of the women's ten-hour laws in Oregon and Illinois, the California eight-hour law and the minimum wage law in Oregon. He was also counsel for the people in the preservation of the Boston municipal subways system and the establishment of the Boston sliding scale gas system and the Massachusetts savings bank insurance. In the years between 1906 and 1913 he was people's counsel in opposing the New Haven monopoly of transportation in New England. He was also chairman of the arbitration board in the New York garment workers' strike in 1910. In 1914-15 he was chairman of the provisional committee for general Zionist affairs. In 1916 he was nominated by President Wilson justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and despite considerable opposition the nomination was confirmed by the Senate. He is the first man of his race and creed in the Supreme Court of the United States. His writings include articles on public franchises in Massachusetts, life insurance, wage-earners' life insurance, scientific management of labor problems and the trusts and Zionist and Jewish problems.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Brandenburg, Confession of

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
BRANDENBURG, Confession of, a confession of faith issued in 1614 by the Elector of Brandenburg. It was an attempt to reconcile the religious controversies growing out of the differences in Lutheran and Calvinistic doctrine. It had authority in the churches of Brandenburg until the union of the Lutheran and Reformed churches in 1817.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education in Painting

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION IN PAINTING. See Painting, Education in.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education in the Law

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION IN THE LAW. See Counsellor at Law.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education in Music

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION IN MUSIC. See Music, Education in.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education in the Household Arts

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION IN THE HOUSEHOLD ARTS. See Household Arts, Education in the.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education Board, General

Edition of 1920. See also General Education Board on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
EDUCATION BOARD, General. This board was founded in New York city in February 1902 and chartered by Congress on 12 Jan. 1903, its object being the promotion of education throughout the United States, without distinction as to race, sex or creed. Beside
gifts from several philanthropists, the board received, when chartered, a special gift of $1,000,000 from John D. Rockefeller for carrying on the work in the Southern States. Upon the assurance of the success of this movement, on 30 June 1905 he made an additional gift of $10,000,000 and in 1907 a further sum of $32,000,000. See General Education Board.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Education of Cripples

Edition of 1920. See also the disclaimer.
EDUCATION OF CRIPPLES. See Education of the Physically Handicapped.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Whitton, John

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​Whitton, John, was born at Wakefield, Yorkshire, in 1819. After many years' experience on the English railways he was appointed, on the recommendation of the President of the Board of Trade, Engineer-in-Chief of the New South Wales railways in March 1856, and subsequently had sole charge of the construction of railways, and also of railway surveys, in the colony; and for many years he was also in charge of the locomotive and permanent way branches. In 1890 Mr. Whitton retired, and was allotted a special pension in view of his lengthened and exceptional services. The amount was, however, considerably reduced by the Assembly on account of its unprecedented nature, which, it was feared, might give rise to similar claims in the case of other officers in the future.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Wheeler, Hon. James Henry

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​Wheeler, Hon. James Henry, M.L.A., Minister of Railways, Victoria, who was born in Derbyshire, and went to Victoria in 1854, is an extensive sawmill owner in the Wombat State Forest. He was elected to the Assembly for the Creswick district in 1864 as a moderate constitutionalist, but retired from Parliament in 1867. In 1880, however, he was re-elected, and represented the constituency till 1889, when he was returned for the Daylesford subdivision. In Nov. 1890, on the formation of the Munro Ministry, he accepted the post of Minister of Railways, which he continued to hold when in Feb. 1892 the Ministry was reconstructed under Mr. Shiels.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/White, Hon. James

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​White, Hon. James, M.L.C., one of the best-known patrons of the Australian turf, was the eldest son of James White, one of the pioneer settlers of the Hunter River district in New South Wales. He was born at Scone, in that colony, in 1828. While he was still at school his father died, and Mr. White at the age of sixteen was called upon to manage extensive station properties, and gradually took up more and more outlying country on his own account, until he became one of the largest and most successful New South Wales squatters. He did a fair share of work in pioneering country on the Barwon, Hunter, and Castlereagh rivers, and was almost uniformly successful in his enterprises. In 1869 Mr. White went to England, and remained away several years, during which time he visited all the principal cities of Europe. In 1866 he was elected to the Assembly for the Upper Hunter, and kept that position for three years, and then resigned upon going to Europe. He was nominated to the Upper House in 1874. As a racing man, Mr. White was first known in connection with a steeplechaser called Hotspur, who won the A.J.C. Steeplechase in 1876. His first notable racehorse was Chester, who was trained in conjunction with Roodee by Mr. E. de Mestre, and won the double—Sydney Derby and Cup. Another of his horses, Democrat, won the Sydney Cup and Metropolitan in 1878, and in the spring of 1879 Palmyra won Mr. White his first Maribyrnong Plate. In 1880 Sapphire won the Oaks, and The Pontiff the Metropolitan, and in 1883 Iolanthe won for him the Maribyrnong Plate, and ​Martini-Henry carried off the double—Derby and Cup. Finding that from failing health he could not stand the excitement of a close attention to racing, Mr. White sold all his horses in training and yearlings in April 1890, and they realised phenomenal prices. Titan alone brought 4,000 guineas, the highest price ever given for a yearling in the Colonies, and the total for thirteen lots was 17,498 guineas. Mr. White continued his breeding establishment at Kirkham, in New South Wales, with a view to racing in England. He was the most successful racing man ever known in Australia. During the thirteen years he was racing Mr. White took a keen interest in everything pertaining to the welfare of the turf, and his colours were always popular with the public, because every one knew that once seen at the post they were there to try and win. His colts Kirkham and Narellan were both entered for the English Derby in 1890, but the latter was scratched, and the former failed to secure a place. Mr. White died on July 12th, 1890.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/White, John

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​White, John, went to New Zealand with his father and uncle (Rev. William White) when six years of age, and resided at Hokianga. At a very early period he interested himself deeply in acquiring a knowledge of the Maori language, traditions, and customs. The sack of Kororarika by the Maoris in 1844 compelled him and his family to remove to Auckland, and he was appointed gold commissioner at Coromandel under the late Major Heaphy, V.C. Soon afterwards Mr. White was appointed interpreterand land purchaser under Surveyor-General Ligar, and bought for the Government the district now known as Waitakera. He also obtained from the natives a deed of gift of a strip of land from the head of the Waitemata River to Helensville for the construction of the present Helensville Railway. He succeeded in extinguishing the native title to most of the lands in the vicinity of Auckland. He was appointed magistrate of Central Wanganui, and decided many native disputes. He was entrusted by the New Zealand Government with the onerous task of writing a complete history of the native race, embodying all the ancient mythology and religious superstitions of the Maoris. Six volumes of this work entitled "The Ancient History of the Maoris," were issued from the Government press. Mr. White, who was regarded as having the most profound knowledge of Maori matters of any man in New Zealand, was also the author of "Te Rou; or, The Maori at Home," portraying native life and customs in the pre-European days of New Zealand. He died at Auckland' on Jan. 13th, 1891.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Whitehead, Charles

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​Whitehead, Charles, was born in London in 1804. His first volume, "The Solitary," a poem in three parts, was published in 1831 by Effingham Wilson, then Tennyson's publisher. This was followed by a work of a totally different kind, whose title, "Lives and Exploits of English Highwaymen, Pirates, and Robbers," sufficiently indicates its scope and character. Mr. Whitehead next published a romance called "Jack Ketch." More notable in the history of literature than any of his own achievements, however, was his recommendation of Dickens to Chapman & Hall, who wanted a ready writer of comic "copy" for the artist Seymour's sketches. The commission was indeed offered to Whitehead, who passed it on to his friend Boz; hence the existence of "Pickwick." In 1836 Whitehead produced a play entitled The Cavalier at the Haymarket Theatre, which had some measure of success. His best work, "Richard Savage: a Romance," appeared in Bentley's Miscellany (1841-2), and was most favourably received by the critics. In 1843 he published "The Earl of Essex," a historical romance, and in 1847 "Smiles and Tears; or, The Romance of Life," a novel in three volumes. In 1857 he and his wife emigrated to Victoria, and in 1862 he died in great penury in the Melbourne hospital. Although a casual worker on the local press, Mr. Whitehead did no good work in the colony; and his literary career may be said to have ended some years before he left England. Mr. Whitehead was an intimate friend of Charles Dickens, Douglas Jerrold, and other leading writers of the time. His Life has been written by Mr. Mackenzie Bell, who, however, does not record the fact that he was the uncle of the well-known English actress Mrs. Bernard Beere, who has recently been on a professional tour, and has been most warmly welcomed in the city where her father's brother died so miserably.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Whittell, Horatio Thomas

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​Whittell, Horatio Thomas, M.D., was admitted M.R.C.S. (England) in 1848, and took his M.D. degree at Aberdeen University in 1858. Having emigrated to South Australia, he was appointed president of the Central Board of Health in August 1883, and coroner of the city of Adelaide in Oct. 1888.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Weston, Hon. William Pritchard

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​Weston, Hon. William Pritchard, sometime Premier of Tasmania, son of a London physician, was born in London in 1804. Soon after 1830 he emigrated to Tasmania, and took up a grant of land at Ringwood, Cressy, in the north of the island. He was for many years a leading magistrate and property owner of the colony, and took a prominent part in the Anti-Transportation League, which was formed to resist Earl Grey's expressed intention to resume the despatch of convicts to the island. In 1851 he was associated with the Rev. John West as the delegate of the Tasmanian League at the great Melbourne Conference, held in February, when "The League and Solemn Engagement of the Australasian Colonies" ​was adopted, pledging the latter never to employ convicts as servants, and to resist their importation by all constitutional means. He again represented Tasmania as delegate at the Anti-Transportation Conference of the United Colonies held in Sydney in April 1851. In 1856 Mr. Weston was returned to the first House of Assembly for the Kingwood district. Having been the mover of the vote of want of confidence carried against the Gregson Ministry in April 1857, Mr. Weston was called upon to form an Administration, in which he acted as Premier without office for about three weeks, when he resigned the leadership of the Government to Mr. (now Sir) Francis Smith, but still held office without portfolio as a member of the Executive Council. Sir Francis having accepted the office of Chief Justice, Mr. Weston again resumed the premiership in Nov. 1860, but resigned in July 1861. He died on Feb. 21st, 1888, at St. Kilda, Vict., where he had resided for a number of years prior to his death.
# The Dictionary of Australasian Biography/Whitington, Rev. Canon Frederick Taylor

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​Whitington, Rev. Canon Frederick Taylor, LL.D., was formerly incumbent of Christ Church, Kapunda, S.A., organising chaplain to the Bishop's Home Mission and Honorary Canon of St. Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide. In Jan. 1891 he accepted an offer from the Bishop of Brisbane to join the Cathedral staff in that city, and become organising chaplain to the diocese. Canon Whitington, who had the degree of LL.B. conferred on him by the University of Adelaide in 1886, and wrote the "Life of Dr. Short," first Bishop of Adelaide, published by Wells, Gardner, Darton & Co., of London, in 1888, is employed in raising the necessary funds to complete the endowment of the projected new bishopric of Rockhampton, Queensland.
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/To India

TO INDIA
O young through all thy immemorial years! Rise, Mother, rise, regenerate from thy gloom, And, like a bride high-mated with the spheres. Beget new glories from thine ageless womb!
The nations that in fettered darkness weep Crave thee to lead them where great mornings break.... Mother, O Mother, wherefore dost thou sleep Arise and answer for thy children's sake!
Thy Future calls thee with a manifold sound To crescent honours, splendours, victories vast; Waken, O slumbering Mother and be crowned, Who once wert empress of the sovereign Past.
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/To my Children

TO MY CHILDREN
Jaya Surya, ætat 4.
Golden sun of victory, born In my life's unclouded morn In my lambent sky of love, May your growing glory prove Sacred to your consecration, To my art and to my nation. Sun of victory, may you be Sun of song and liberty.
Padmaja, ætat 3.
Lotus-maiden, you who claim All the sweetness of your name, ​Lakshmi, fortune's queen, defend you, Lotus-born like you, and send you Balmy moons of love to bless you, Gentle joy-winds to caress you. Lotus-maiden, may you be Fragrant of all ecstasy.
Ranadheera, ætat 2.
Little lord of battle, hail In your newly-tempered mail! Learn to conquer, learn to fight In the foremost flanks of right, Like Valmiki's heroes bold, Rubies girt in epic gold. Lord of battle, may you be, Lord of love and chivalry.
Lilamani, ætat 1.
Limpid jewel of delight, Severed from the tender night Of your sheltering mother-mine, Leap and sparkle, dance and shine, ​Blithely and securely set In love's magic coronet. Living jewel, may you be Laughter-bound and sorrow-free.
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/To the God of Pain

TO THE GOD OF PAIN
Unwilling priestess in thy cruel fane, Long hast thou held me, pitiless god of Pain, Bound to thy worship by reluctant vows, My tired breast girt with suffering, and my brows Anointed with perpetual weariness. Long have I borne thy service, through the stress Of rigorous years, sad days and slumberless nights, Performing thine inexorable rites.
For thy dark altars, balm nor milk nor rice. But mine own soul thou'st ta'en for sacrifice: ​All the rich honey of my youth's desire, And all the sweet oils from my crushed life drawn, And all my flower-like dreams and gem-like fire Of hopes up-leaping like the light of dawn.
I have no more to give, all that was mine Is laid, a wrested tribute, at thy shrine; Let me depart, for my whole soul is wrung, And all my cheerless orisons are sung; Let me depart, with faint limbs let me creep To some dim shade and sink me down to sleep.
# The Golden Threshold/Songs for Music/Alabaster

ALABASTER
Like this alabaster box whose art Is frail as a cassia-flower, is my heart, Carven with delicate dreams and wrought With many a subtle and exquisite thought.
Therein I treasure the spice and scent Of rich and passionate memories blent Like odours of cinnamon, sandal and clove, Of song and sorrow and life and love.
# The Golden Threshold/Songs for Music

SONGS FOR MUSIC
# The Golden Threshold/Songs for Music/Autumn Song

AUTUMN SONG
Like a joy on the heart of a sorrow, The sunset hangs on a cloud; A golden storm of glittering sheaves, Of fair and frail and fluttering leaves. The wild wind blows in a cloud.
Hark to a voice that is calling To my heart in the voice of the wind: My heart is weary and sad and alone. For its dreams like the fluttering leaves have gone. And why should I stay behind?
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/The Song of Princess Zeb-un-nissa

THE SONG OF PRINCESS ZEB-UN-NISSA IN PRAISE OF HER OWN BEAUTY
(From the Persian)
When from my cheek I lift my veil, The roses turn with envy pale, And from their pierced hearts, rich with pain, Send forth their fragrance like a wail.
Or if perchance one perfumed tress Be lowered to the wind's caress, The honeyed hyacinths complain, And languish in a sweet distress.
And, when I pause, still groves among, (Such loveliness is mine) a throng Of nightingales awake and strain Their souls into a quivering song.
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/To Youth

TO YOUTH
O Youth, sweet comrade Youth, wouldst thou be gone? Long have we dwelt together, thou and I; Together drunk of many an alien dawn, And plucked the fruit of many an alien sky.
Ah, fickle friend, must I, who yesterday Dreamed forwards to long, undimmed ecstacy, Henceforward dream, because thou wilt not stay, Backward to transient pleasure and to thee?
I give thee back thy false, ephemeral vow; But, O beloved comrade, ere we part, Upon my mournful eyelids and my brow Kiss me who hold thine image in my heart.
# The Golden Threshold/Poems/To a Buddha seated on a Lotus

TO A BUDDHA SEATED ON A LOTUS
Lord Buddha, on thy Lotus-throne, With praying eyes and hands elate, What mystic rapture dost thou own, Immutable and ultimate? What peace, unravished of our ken, Annihilate from the world of men?
The wind of change for ever blows Across the tumult of our way, To-morrow's unborn griefs depose The sorrows of our yesterday. Dream yields to dream, strife follows strife, And Death unweaves the webs of Life.