# The Cost of Delaying Action to Stem Climate Change/References
### ReferencesReferences

Ackerman, Frank, Stephen J. DeCanio, Richard B. Howarth, and Kristen Sheeran. 2010. “The Need for a Fresh Approach to Climate Change Economics.” In Assessing the Benefits of Avoided Climate Change: Cost-Benefit Analysis and Beyond: 159-181.
Ackerman, Frank, Elizabeth A. Stanton, and Ramón Bueno. 2013. “Epstein-Zin Utility in DICE: Is Risk Aversion Irrelevant to Climate Policy?” Environmental Resource Economics 56, 1: 73-84.
Barranzani, Andrea, Marc Chesney, and Jacques Morisset. 2003. “The Impact of Possible Climate Catastrophes on Global Warming Policy.” Energy Policy 31, 8: 691-701.
Barro, Robert J. 2013. “Environmental Protection, Rare Disasters, and Discount Rates.” NBER Working Paper 19258.
Blanford, Geoffrey J., Richard G. Richels, and Thomas F. Rutherford. 2009. “Feasible Climate Targets: The Roles of Economic Growth, Coalition Development and Expectations.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S82-S93.
Borenstein, Michael, Larry V. Hedges, Julian P.T. Higgins, and Hannah Rothstein. 2009. Introduction to Meta-Analysis. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley.
Bosetti, Valentina, Carlo Carraro, and Massimo Tavoni. 2009. “Climate Change Mitigation Strategies in Fast-Growing Countries: the Benefits of Early Action.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S14-S151.
Bosetti, Valentina, Carlo Carraro, Alessandra Sgobbi, and Massimo Tavoni. 2009. “Delayed Action and Uncertain Stabilisation Targets. How Much Will the Delay Cost?” Climatic Change 96, 3: 299-312.
Brozovic, N. and W. Schlenker. 2011. “Optimal Management of an Ecosystem with an Unknown Threshold.” Ecological Economics 70, 4: 627-640.
Cai, Yonyang, Kenneth L. Judd, and Thomas S. Lontzek. 2013. “The Social Cost of Stochastic and Irreversible Climate Change.” NBER Working Paper 18704.
Calvin, Katherine, James Edmonds, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Leon Clarke, Son H. Kim, Page Kyle, Steven J. Smith, Allison Thomson, and Marshall Wise. 2009a. “Limiting Climate Change to 450 ppm CO2 Equivalent in the 21st Century.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S107-S120.
Calvin, Katherine, Pralit Patel, Allen Fawcett, Leon Clarke, Karen Fisher-Vanden, Jae Edmonds, Son H. Kim, Ron Sands, and Marshall Wise. 2009b. “The Distribution and Magnitude of Emissions Mitigation Costs in Climate Stabilization under Less Than Perfect International Cooperation: SGM Results.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S187-S197.
Ceronsky, Megan, David Anthoff, Cameron Hepburn, and Richard S.J. Tol. 2011. “Checking the Price Tag on Catastrophe: The Social Cost of Carbon under Non-Linear Climate Response.” ESRI Working Paper 392.
Clarke, Leon, Jae Edmonds, Volker Krey, Richard Richels, Steven Rose, and Massimo Tavoni. 2009. “International Climate Policy Architectures: Overview of the EMF 22 International Scenarios.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S64-S81.
Council of Economic Advisers. 2014. Economic Report of the President, 2014.
Dasgupta, Partha. 2008. "Discounting Climate Change." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 37, 2/3: 141-169.
​Dell, Melissa, Benjamin F. Jones, Benjamin A. Olken. 2013. “What Do We Learn from the Weather? The New Climate-Economy Literature.” Journal of Economic Literature, forthcoming.
Deschênes, Olivier and Michael Greenstone. 2011. “Climate Change, Mortality, and Adaptation: Evidence from Annual Fluctuations in Weather in the US.” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 3, 4: 152-185.
Dietz, Simon. 2011. “High Impact, Low Probability? An Empirical Analysis of Risk in the Economics of Climate Change.” Climatic Change 108, 3: 519-541.
Edmonds, Jae, Leon Clarke, John Lurz, and J. Macgregor Wise. 2008. “Stabilizing CO$_2$ Concentrations with Incomplete International Cooperation.” Climate Policy 8, 4: 355376.
Graff Zivin, Joshua and Matthew Neidell. 2014. “Temperature and the Allocation of Time: Implications for Climate Change.” Journal of Labor Economics 32, 1: 1-26.
Gurney, Andrew, Helal Ahammad, and Melanie Ford. 2009. “The Economics of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation: Insights from Illustrative Global Abatement Scenarios Modelling.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S174-S186.
Hwang, In Chang, Richard S.J. Tol, and Marjan W. Hofkes. 2013. “Tail-Effect and the Role of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Control.” University of Sussex Working Paper Series 6613.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group I contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC WG I AR5). 2013. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group II contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC WG II AR5). 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group III contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC WG III AR5). 2014. Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change.
Jaffe, Adam and Karen Palmer. 1997. “Environmental Regulation and Innovation: A Panel Data Study.” Review of Economics and Statistics 79, 4: 610-619.
Jakob, Michael, Gunnar Luderer, Jan Steckel, Massimo Tavoni, and Stephanie Monjon. 2012. “Time to Act Now? Assessing the Costs of Delaying Climate Measures and Benefits of Early Action.” Climatic Change 114, 1: 79-99.
Joughin, Ian, Benjamin E. Smith, and Brooke Medley. 2014. “Marine Ice Sheet Collapse Potentially Underway for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica.” Science 344, 6185: 735-738.
Kopits, Elizabeth, Alex Marten, and Ann Wolverton. 2013. “Incorporating ‘Catastrophic’ Climate Change into Policy Analysis.” Climate Policy ahead-of-print: 1-28.
Krey, Volker and Keywan Riahi. 2009. “Implications of Delayed Participation and Technology Failure for the Feasibility, Costs, and Likelihood of Staying Below Temperature Targets—Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Scenarios for the 21st Century.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S94-S106.
Lanjouw, Jean and Ashoka Mody. 1996. “Innovation and the International Diffusion of Environmentally Responsive Technology.” Research Policy 25, 4: 549-571.
​Lemoine, Derek and Christian Traeger. 2012. “Tipping Points and Ambiguity in the Economics of Climate Change.” NBER Working Paper 18230.
Link, P. Michael and Richard S.J. Tol. 2011. “Estimation of the Economic Impact of Temperature Changes Induced by a Shutdown of the Thermohaline Circulation: An Application of FUND.” Climactic Change 104, 2: 287-304.
Litterman, Bob. 2013. “What is the Right Price for Carbon Emissions?” Regulation 36, 2: 38-51.
Loulou, Richard, Maryse Labriet, and Amit Kanudia. 2009. “Deterministic and Stochastic Analysis of Alternative Climate Targets under Differentiated Cooperation Regimes.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S131-S143.
Luderer, Gunnar, Valentina Bosetti, Michael Jakob, Marian Leimbach, Jan Steckel, Henri Waisman, and Ottmar Edenhofer. 2012. “The Economics of Decarbonizing the Energy System – Results and Insights from the RECIPE Model Intercomparison.” Climatic Change 114, 1: 9-37.
Luderer, Gunnar, Robert C. Pietzcker, Christoph Bertram, Elmar Kriegler, Malte Meinshausen, and Ottmar Edenhofer. 2013. “Economic Mitigation Challenges: How Further Delay Closes the Door for Achieving Climate Targets.” Environmental Research Letters 8, 3.
McKibbin, Warwick J., Adele C. Morris, and Peter J. Wilcoxen. 2014. “The Economic Consequences of Delay in U.S. Climate Policy.” Brookings: The Climate and Energy Economics Project.
Millner, Antony. 2013. “On Welfare Frameworks and Catastrophic Climate Risks.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 65, 2: 310-325.
National Research Council. 2010. Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press
National Research Council. 2011. Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts over Decades to Millennia. Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.
National Research Council. 2013. Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change: Anticipating Surprises. Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.
Newbold, Stephen and Adam Daigneault. 2009. “Climate Response Uncertainty and the Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions.” Environmental and Resource Economics 44, 3: 351-377.
Nordhaus, William D. 2008. A Question of Balance: Weighing the Options on Global Warming Policies. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Nordhaus, William D. 2011. “The Economics of Tail Events with an Application to Climate Change.” Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 5, 2: 240-257.
Nordhaus, William D. 2012. “Economic Policy in the Face of Severe Tail Events.” Journal of Public Economic Theory 14, 2: 197-219.
Nordhaus, William D. 2013. The Climate Casino: Risk, Uncertainty, and Economics for a Warming World. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Pindyck, Robert S. 2011. “Fat Tails, Thin Tails, and Climate Change Policy.” Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 5, 2: 258-274.
Pindyck, Robert S. 2012. “Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 63, 3: 289-303.
Pindyck, Robert S. 2013. “Climate Change Policy: What do the Models tell us?” Journal of Economic Literature 51, 3: 860-872.
​Popp, David. 2003. “Pollution Control Innovations and the Clean Air Act of 1990.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 22, 4: 641-660.
Popp, David. 2006. “International Innovation and Diffusion of Air Pollution Control Technologies: The effects of NOX and SO2 Regulation in the U.S., Japan, and Germany.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 51, 1: 46-71.
Popp, David, Richard G. Newell, and Adam B. Jaffe. 2010. “Energy, the Environment, and Technological Change.” In Handbook of the Economics of Innovation 2: 873-937.
Pycroft, Jonathan, Lucia Vergano, Chris Hope, Daniele Paci, and Juano Carlos Ciscar. 2011. “A Tale of Tails: Uncertainty and the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide.” Economics 5, 22: 1-29.
Riahi, Keywan, Elmar Kriegler, Nils Johnson, Christoph Bertram, Michel den Elzen, Jiyong Eom, Michiel Schaeffer, Jae Edmonds, Morna Isaac, Volker Krey, Thomas Longden, Gunnar Luderer, Aurélie Méjean, David L. McCollum, Silvana Mimai, Hal Turton, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Kenichi Wada, Valentina Bosetti, Pantelis Caprosm, Patrick Criqui, Meriem Hamdi-Cherif, Mikiko Kainuma, and Ottmar Edenhofer. 2014. “Locked into Copenhagen Pledges—Implications of Short-Term Emission Targets for the Cost and Feasibility of Long-Term Climate Goals.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change. In Press.
Richels, Richard G., Thomas F. Rutherford, Geoffrey J. Blanford, and Leon Clarke. 2007. “Managing the Transition to Climate Stabilization.” Climatic Policy 7, 5: 409-428.
Rignot, Eric, Jeremie Mouginot, Mathieu Morlighem, Helene Seroussi, and Bernd Scheuchl. 2014. “Widespread, Rapid Grounding Line Retreat of Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler Glaciers, West Antarctica, from 1992 to 2011.” Geophysical Research Letters 41, 10: 3502-3509.
Roe, Gerard H. and Yoram Bauman. 2013. “Climate Sensitivity: Should the Climate Tail Wag the Policy Dog?” Climatic Change 117, 4: 647-662.
Russ, Peter and Tom van Ierland. 2009. “Insights on Different Participation Schemes to Meet Climate Goals.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S163-S173.
Tol, Richard S.J. 2009. “The Feasibility of Low Concentration Targets: An Application of FUND. Energy Economic 31, supplement 2: S121-S130.
Tol, Richard S.J. 2014. “Correction and Update: The Economic Effects of Climate Change.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, 2: 221-226.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2014. “Carbon Pollution Emission Guidelines for Existing Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units.” https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2014/06/18/2014-13726/carbon-pollutionemission-guidelines-for-existing-stationary-sources-electric-utility-generating
(USGCRP) U.S. Global Change Research Program. 2014. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment.
van der Ploeg, Frederick. 2014. “Abrupt Positive Feedback and the Social Cost of Carbon.” European Economic Review 67: 28-41.
van der Ploeg, Frederick and Aart de Zeeuw. 2013. “Climate Policy and Catastrophic Change: Be Prepared and Avert Risk.” OxCarre Working Papers 118, Oxford Centre for the Analysis of Resource Rich Economies, University of Oxford.
van Vliet, Jasper, Michael G.J. den Elzen, and Detlef P. van Vuuren. 2009. “Meeting Radiative Forcing Targets under Delayed Participation.” Energy Economics 31, supplement 2: S152-S162.
​Waldhoff, Stephanie A. and Allen A. Fawcett. 2011. “Can Developed Economies Combat Dangerous Anthropogenic Climate Change Without Near-Term Reductions from Developing Economies?” Climatic Change 107, 3/4: 635–641.
Waldhoff, Stephanie, Jeremy Martinich, Marcus Sarofim, Ben DeAngelo, James McFarland, Lesley Jantarasami, Kate Shouse, Allison Crimmins, Sara Ohrel, and Jia Li. 2014. “Overview of the Special Issue: A multi-model framework to achieve consistent evaluation of climate change impacts in the United States.” Climatic Change, forthcoming.
Weitzman, Martin. 2009. “On Modeling and Interpreting the Economics of Catastrophic Climate Change.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 91, 1: 1-19.
Weitzman, Martin. 2011. “Fat-Tailed Uncertainty in the Economics of Catastrophic Climate Change.” Review of Environmental Issues and Policy 5, 2: 275-292.
Weitzman, Martin. 2012. “GHG Targets as Insurance against Catastrophic Climate Damages.” Journal of Public Economic Theory 14, 2: 221-244.
Weitzman, Martin. 2013. “Tail-Hedge Discounting and the Social Cost of Carbon.” Journal of Economic Literature 51, 3: 873-882.
Weitzman, Martin. 2014. “Fat Tails and the Social Cost of Carbon.” American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings 104, 5: 544-546.