OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/malmen

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry malmen. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ malmen, zermalmen, verb, ‘to crush to pieces, grind,’ Modern High German only, but apparently, on account of the infrequency of the m-suffix, far older. The non-occurrence of Old High German *mâlmôn and Middle High German *malmen is probably only an accident; in Middle High German zermaln and zermüln, ‘to grind,’ are used. The suffix m is seen in the nouns, Gothic malma, masculine, ‘sand,’ and Old Saxon, Old High German, and Middle High German mëlm,. masculine, ‘dust’; to these are allied Müll and Gemüll, Middle High German gemülle, Old High German gimulli, ‘dust, mould’ For the root mal see under mahlen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/manig

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry manig. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ manig, see manch.
# An Essay Towards a Theory of Art

TABLE OF THE ARGUMENT

## Part I

The Theory Largely Eclectic Artistic Theory Yields Only Intellectual Satisfaction Æsthetic and Art to Be Distinguished Their First Distinction But Art Supposes Æsthetic

## Part II

Scope of Æsthetic The Matter of Æsthetic What Æsthetic Experience is But Æsthetic Experience is not Itself Art Distribution of Æsthetic Experience

## Part III

Beauty Occurs Only in Æsthetic Experience But Æsthetic Experience Need not be Beautiful The Judgment of Beauty Illustrated in a Locomotive Evident Adaptation may be Judged Beautiful Absolute Beauty How it is the Type of a Work of Art

## Part IV

Art is the Expression of Æsthetic Experience Expression in Art is Communication No Communication, No Art Expression in Art is of Whole Experience Compound Structure of Experience No Imitation of Objects in Art Why the Arts may be Classed Together Beautiful Experience not Necessarily the Source of Art But Beauty must be the Result of Art Origin of Art is Impulsive Experience Existence of Art is Expressive Experience They are Distinguishable Impulsive Experience the End as well as the Cause

## Part V

Specific Beauty of Art is given by Expression Fragmentary Beauty Whole Beauty It is Given by Evident Adaptation Art not Created for the Sake of Beauty Beauty not Specific to Art may Occur in Art Possible Limitations of Art and Beauty How Art is Disinterested How it is Interested

## Part VI

Nature of Artistic Expression It is Symbolic Its Means are Empirical Artistic Conception Artistic Technique Technique gives Expressive Experience This is Variable Expressive Reveals Impulsive Experience

## Part VII

Conception the Condition of Technique Hence Technique has Two Aspects Matter and Form Form the Symbol of Unity And the Completion of Artistic Expression Form gives Art its Function Significance Form gives Significance to Expressive Experience As Unity Does to Impulsive Experience The Significant World is Æsthetic Experience The Ideal World is Artistic Experience
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1938, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 85 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# An Essay Concerning Parliaments/Dedication

TO THE
Barons and Commons
Of ENGLAND
In Parliament Aſſembled.
    May it please your Honours.
Yov either knew more of the Matter contained in theſe Papers, or leſs, or the ſame. If you knew more, I ſhould be glad to ſee it in your Laws which you mean to Eſtabliſh: Or which is better, in your Declaration of ​the Conſtitution. If not; no Body can find fault with my poor Office of bearing a Light, but they that have very ill Eyes.
I am the known Servant of You, and of my whole Country,
Samuel Johnſon.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Qualm

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Qualm. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Qualm, masculine, ‘vapour,’ Modern High German only, formed from the equivalent Low German and Dutch kwalm, the early history of which is obscure. It is identical probably with Middle High German twalm, ‘stupor, faint.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quader

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quader. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quader, masculine, ‘squared stone,’ from the equivalent Middle High German quâder, masculine and neuter, which is based on Latin quā̆drum, ‘square,’ or rather quā̆drus (scil. lapis), ‘square stone.’ Compare Italian quadro, ‘square,’ Provençal caire, ‘square stone’ (Italian quadrello, French carreau).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Qual

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Qual. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Qual, feminine, ‘torment, pain,’ from Middle High German quâl, quâle (kále), Old High German and Old Saxon quâla, feminine, ‘anguish, torture’; compare Dutch kwaal, ‘pain,’ Anglo-Saxon cwalu, ‘violent death.’ To this word is allied a strong root verb Old High German quëlan (Middle High German quëln), ‘to be in violent pain’ (Anglo-Saxon cwëlan, ‘to die’), of which the factitive is Modern High German quälen, Middle High German quęln, Old High German quęllen (from *qualljan), ‘to torture, torment to death.’ The Teutonic root qel (qal) is primitively connected with Lithuanian gelti, ‘to prick’ (gélia, ‘it pains’), gėlà, ‘pain,’ Old Slovenian žalĭ, ‘hurt’ (Aryan root gē̆l).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pökel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pökel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pökel, masculine, ‘pickle, brine,’ Modern High German only, properly a Low German word; compare the equivalent Dutch pekel, English pickle (see also Pickelhering). Origin obscure; perhaps the cognates are connected with English to pick.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Quacksalber

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Quacksalber. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Quacksalber, masculine, ‘quack’; Modern High German only; originally a Low German word; corresponding to English quack, Dutch kwakzalver, a compound of zalf, ‘salve’ (compare Old High German salbâni, ‘seller of ointment, physician’). The first part of the compound seems to come from the verb quaken (which see), ‘to boast’; hence Quacksalber, ‘boasting physician’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Puppe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Puppe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Puppe, feminine, ‘puppet, doll,’ even in late Middle High German puppe, boppe, from the equivalent Latin pûpa, whence also French poupée, ‘puppet,’ poupon, ‘chubby child’ (from which Dutch pop and English puppet are formed).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pute

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pute. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pute, feminine, ‘turkey-hen,’ Modern High German only, perhaps a substantive form of the cry of the bird. Its connection with English pout (Turkey-pout) is not clear.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pöbel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pöbel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pöbel, masculine, ‘populace, rabble,’ formed ​from French peuple; povel, pövel, bovel are found in Middle High German from the 13th century (compare English people in its original sense).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Pumpe

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Pumpe. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Pumpe (East Middle German variant Plumpe), feminine, ‘pump,’ Modern High German only, properly a Low German word; compare the equivalent Dutch pomp, English pump. The further history of the word is obscure.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward Nevill

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward Nevill, 2s. David Edward, of Llanelly, Brecon, cler. Non-Coll., matric. 24 May, 1877, aged 21.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (3)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, arm. Jesus Coll., matric. 20 March, 1724-5.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (4)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. John, of Chester (city), arm. Jesus Coll., matric. 26 May, 1726, aged 17; brother of Arthur 1721, and John 1718. See Foster's Baronetage.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (9)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. Thomas, of Herringstone, Dorset, arm. University Coll., matric. 13 March, 1786, aged 20; of Herringstone, died 8 Jan., 1854.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (6)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. Andrew, of Hardington, co. Worcester, cler. Oriel Coll., matric. 11 June, 1741, aged 16; B.A. 1745.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (8)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. Edward, of Eaton, Salop, gent. Pembroke Coll., matric. 28 Oct., 1779, aged 17, B.A. 1783; M.A. from All Souls' Coll. 1787, fellow until 1818, perp. curate Battlefield and Uffington, Salop, 1786, rector of Chelsfield, Kent, 1817, until his death 3 Jan., 1833.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward Lloyd

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward Lloyd, s. Roger (Kenyon), of Overton, co. Flint, arm. Christ Church, matric. 26 Oct., 1790, aged 18; of Penyllan, co. Denbigh, assumed the name of Lloyd in lieu of Kenyon and also that of Williams as a final surname, died s.p. 1837. See Foster's Lancashire Collection, Kenyon; & Manchester School Reg., ii. p. iii.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (5)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. John, of Pendering, co. Brecon, cler. Jesus Coll., matric. 15 April, 1736, aged 18; B.A. 19 Feb., 1739-40.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward (7)

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward, s. David, of Henllan, co. Denbigh, pleb. St. John's Coll., matric. 19 March, 1743-4, aged 16; B.A. 3 March, 1749-50.
# Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Williams, Edward Addams

From volume 4 of the work.
​Williams, Edward Addams, 2s. William Addams, of Monmouth, gent. Jesus Coll., matric. 6 April, 1848, aged 18; scholar 1853-6, B.A. 1852, curate of Llangibby, co. Monmouth, 1853-62, rector 1862. until his death 12 Feb., 1868.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Feld

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Feld | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Feld, n., ‘field, space, square (chessboard), panel,’ from MidHG. vëlt (gen. -des), OHG. fëld, n., ‘field, soil, surface, plain’; a word common to West Teut. pointing to Goth. *filþ, n.; OSax. and AS. fëld (lþ in both dialects are regularly changed into ld), E. field, Du. veld. It is still questionable whether OIc. fjall, ‘mountain,’ is identical with it, since the former is more probably connected with ModHG. Fels. On the other hand, the following are certainly allied: — OIc. fold, f., ‘pasture,’ AS. folde, f., OSax. folda, ‘earth, country, ground’ (pointing to Goth *fuldô). Finn. pelto is derived from Teut. felþos, which, with OIc. folda, is based upon the Aryan root plth (Sans. pṛth), ‘to be broad, flat’; comp. Sans. pṛthivî, ‘earth,’ as well Fladen.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Felleisen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Felleisen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Felleisen, n., from the equiv. MidHG. velîs, m., ‘valise, knapsack’; the ModHG. form is a corruption of the MidHG. word which is based upon the equiv. Fr. valise.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Felsen

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Felsen | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Felsen, m., ‘rock,’ from the equiv. MidHG. vęlse, vęls, m., OHG. fęlis, m., felisa, f. (from which Fr. falaise, ‘cliff,’ is borrowed); akin to OSax. fęlis, m., probably also to OIc. fjall, ‘mountain’; the latter would be *filza- in Goth., the former *falisa-; in Du. and E. the word is wanting. OIr. ​ail (from *palêk), ‘rock,’ OSlov. planina, ‘mountain,’ Sans. parvata, ‘rock, mountain,’ may be primit. allied. Connected also with OInd. púr, ‘fastness, citadel,’ to which Gr. πόλι-ς has been referred? or with Sans. pâšâṇa (for *palsâna), ‘stone’?.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Felge

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Felge | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Felge, f., ‘felly (of a wheel),’ from MidHG. vëlge, OHG. fëlga, f., ‘rim of a wheel, tyre,’ OHG. also ‘harrow, roller for breaking clods’; comp. Du. radvelge, ‘felloe,’ AS. fëlg, E. felly (rim, fellow). Is OHG. felga, ‘roller, harrow,’ to be connected with AS. *fealge (MidE. falge, ‘fallow land’), E. fallow, and its e to be regarded therefore as formed by mutation? MidHG. valgen, ‘to plough up, dig,’ makes such a supposition very probable. It is possible that the two classes in the sense of ‘felloe’ and ‘barrow’ are not allied to each other. Between OHG. fëlga and AS. felga, ‘felloe,’ there is no connecting link.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Ferkel

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Ferkel | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Ferkel, n., ‘sucking-pig,’ from MidHG. vęrker, verchel, vęrhelîn, OHG. farhelî(n); dimin. of MidHG. varch, n., ‘pig, sucking-pig,’ OHG. farah, farh, n.; AS. fearh, m., E. farrow; Du. varken, n., ‘pig’; Goth. *farha- is wanting. In any case it is a pre-Teut. word, since the allied Aryan languages have words corresponding to it both in sound and meaning; *farhaz from pre-Teut. porkos, corresponds to Lat. porcus (Gr. πόρκος), Lith. pàrszas, OSlov. prasę, n., OIr. orc. Like Eber and Schwein, this word too, unknown to Indian, is essentially West Aryan, while Kuh is a common Aryan word.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Fell

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Fell | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Fell, n., ‘hide, skin, fur,’ from MidHG. vël(ll), OHG. fël(ll), ‘human skin, hide’; comp. Goth. fill, n., in þrûts-fill, ‘leprosy,’ faurafilli, ‘foreskin’; OIc. fjall, ‘skin, hide,’ in compounds, AS. fëll, n., ‘skin, hide,’ E. fell, Du. vel. Common to Teut. orig., but universal in the wider sense of ‘skin,’ both of men and animals. Teut. fella- from pre-Teut. pello- or pelno-; comp. Lat. pellis, Gr. πέλλα, ‘hide, leather,’ ἄπελλος, n., ‘(skinless) unhealed wound,’ ἐρυσίπελας, ‘erysipelas, St. Anthony's fire,’ ἐπίπλοος, ‘caul of the entrails,’ the latter for ἐπίπλοϝος, akin to Lith. plėvė, ‘caul, skin’; also akin to AS. filmen, ‘membrane, foreskin,’ E. film; likewise Gr. πέλμα, ‘sole of the foot or shoe,’ and perhaps πέπλος, ‘garment,’ as a reduplicated form (πέ-πλ-ος, root πελ).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Fenchel

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Fenchel | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Fenchel, m. (Suab. and Alem. Fenkel), from the equiv. MidHG. vënchel, vënichel, OHG. fënahhal, fënihhal, m., ‘fennel’; comp. AS. finul, E. fennel; formed from Lat. (fœniculum, feniculum, feniclum), fenuclum; from the same source the Romance cognates Fr. fenouil, Ital. finocchio, ‘fennel,’ are derived.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Fenster

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Fenster | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Fenster, n., ‘window,’ from the equiv. MidHG. vęnster, OHG. vęnstar, n.; comp. Du. venster, n. Based, with a curious change of gender, on Lat. fenestra, from which, however, the fęnstar of the Mid Europ. Teutons could only be produced by shifting the accent back according to the Teut. custom (comp. Abt) and by syncopating the second e. This indicates that the word was borrowed very early, in the beginning of the OHG. period. Yet the idea was well known to the older periods, as is testified by the terms naturally applied to the existing object — Goth. augadaurô, ‘eye-gate,’ AS. êgþŷrel, ‘eye-hole,’ OIc. vindauga (whence MidE. windôge, E. window). By the introduction of the Southern term (comp. also OIr. senister, W. ffenester) the idea was probably reconstructed. This word was borrowed at the same period as other words — Ziegel, Mauer — relating to the building of houses.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Ferge

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Ferge | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Ferge, m., ‘ferryman,’ from MidHG. vęrge, vęrje, vęre, OHG. fęrjo, fęro (nom. sing. fęrjo, gen. and dat. fęrin, accus. fęrjun), m., ‘mariner, ferryman.’ The j is changed into g after r as in Scherge, Latwerge. Goth. *farja, m., ‘mariner,’ is wanting. Most closely allied to Fähre; also akin to Goth. farjan, ‘to navigate,’ see root far under fahren.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Ferien

| Expand abbreviations An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Ferien | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ ModHG. Ferien (since the 16th cent.), ‘vacation, holidays,’ has been derived anew from Lat. feriae.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Trichter

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Trichter. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Trichter (in Upper German and Low German dialects Trachter), masculine, ‘funnel,’ from the equivalent Middle High German trihter, with older variants tręhter, drahter, Old High German trahtâri, masculine; corresponding to Dutch trechter, OAS. tructer (Swedish tratt?). Based on Middle Latin tractârius, ‘funnel,’ corrupted from the equivalent Latin trâjectôrium (Latin trajicere, traicere), ‘to pour from one vessel into another.’ For the contraction compare Utrecht, Mastricht, from Latin Ultrajectum, Mosae-Trajectum. The word was borrowed in German coincident with the introduction of Italian wine-culture (compare Kelter, Spund, and Wein). As in the case of Kelter, the Romance languages retain few traces of the Latin word; compare Rhæto-Romance trachuoir, Walloon and Vosges trętœ (the more widely diffused Romance word for ‘funnel’ is Latin infundibulum, equivalent to French fondèfle, yet Albanian taftâr, ‘funnel,’ is also based on Latin *tractârius for trajectorium).
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Tripper

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Tripper. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Tripper, masculine, ‘gonorrhea,’ a Middle German and Low German word for which older Modern High German Trüpfer, masculine (allied to Tropfen), occurs. Compare English dripper, allied to drip.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Trog

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Trog. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Trog, masculine, ‘trough,’ from the equivalent Middle High German and Old High German troc (g), masculine; compare Dutch trog, Anglo-Saxon trog, English trough, Old Icelandic trog. The assumed Teutonic trogo-, from which the cognate Italian truogo, ‘trough,’ is borrowed, is based on pre-Teutonic dru-kó-, which is rightly connected with the Aryan stem dru (dreu, deru), ‘tree, wood,’ discussed under Teer; compare Sanscrit dru, dâru, ‘wood.’ Hence Trog is literally ‘wooden article.’
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Trift

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Trift. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Trift, feminine, ‘right of pasturage, common,’ from Middle High German trift, feminine, ‘pasture,’ literally ‘place to which something is driven’; not recorded in Old High German Trift (as in the case of Acker) is a relic of the speech of primitively nomad life. Middle High German trift also signifies (as a derivative of the root of treiben) ‘herd, drove, floating (of wood), actions, mode of life’; compare English drift and drove.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Tritt

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Tritt. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Tritt, masculine, ‘step, tread,’ from Middle High German trit, masculine. Allied to treten.
# An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Troddel

| This annotated version expands the abbreviations in the original entry Troddel. | Random word Special:RandomInCategory/Annotated entries in Kluge's Etymological Dictionary of the German Language |
​ Troddel, feminine, ‘tassel, bob,’ diminutive of Middle High German trâde, Old High German tráda, feminine (trâdo, masculine), ‘fringe’; Middle High German trôdel (dialectic for trâdel) signifies ‘fibre in wood,’ Since the other ​Teutonic dialects have no word corresponding to Old High German trâdo, ‘fringe,’ nothing definite can be ascertained concerning its early history.