OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1906)/Münch-Bellinghausen, Eligius Franz Joseph

See also the 1906 Encyclopedia Americana disclaimer.
Münch-Bellinghausen, münH' bĕl'ĭng-how-zĕn, Eligius Franz Joseph, Baron von, better known as Friedrich Halm, Austrian dramatist: b. Cracow 2 April 1806; d. Vienna 22 May 1871. He studied law, and held various official positions at Vienna. In his lifetime his popularity as a dramatist was very great, and several of his plays were translated into English. 'The Gladiator from Ravenna' (1854, 5th ed. 1893) is considered his masterpiece. Among other of his plays are: 'Griseldis' (1834, 10th ed. 1893), which had great success; 'The Adept' (1836); 'Camoens' (1837); 'Imelda Lambertazzi' (1838); 'The Son of the Wilderness' (9th ed. 1894), famous in England and America under the title 'Ingomar'; 'Wild Fire' (6th ed. 1894), a romantic comedy.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1906)/Münster (Germany)

See also the 1906 Encyclopedia Americana disclaimer.
Münster, mün'stĕr, Prussia, the capital of Westphalia, a town and episcopal see, in a plain on the Aa, at the junction of several railways and on the Dortmund-Ems canal, 78 miles northeast of Cologne. The site of its mediæval ramparts has been converted into promenades. The principal edifices are the cathedral, the church of St. Lambert, the Rathaus, exchange, museum, theatre, the Pauline Library, several educational, benevolent, and charitable institutions, etc. The manufactures include woolen, linen; and cotton goods, leather, sugar, starch, etc. Münster originated in a monastery around which a settlement arose in the 12th century; it was long governed by martial bishops. The most notable event in its long history occurred in 1532-5 when the city fell into the hands of the Anabaptists (q.v.). Pop. (1900) 63,776.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1906)/Muñoz, Juan Bautista

See also the 1906 Encyclopedia Americana disclaimer.
Muñoz, Juan Bautista, hoo-än' bä-oo-tēs'-tä mū~ñōth', Spanish historian: b. near Valencia, Spain, 1745; d. Madrid, Spain, 1799. He was graduated from the University of Valencia and was appointed in 1779 historiographer of the Indies and was instructed by the king to write a history of America. This work was published under the title 'Historia del Nuevo Mundo' in 1793 and though completed only to 1500 is highly valued. Of his manuscripts many are now in the Academy of History at Madrid but, unfortunately, many others are scattered.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1906)/Munzinger, Werner

See also the 1906 Encyclopedia Americana disclaimer.
Munzinger, moont'sĭng-ĕr, Werner, Swiss explorer: b. Olten, Switzerland, 4 April 1832; d. Africa 14 Nov. 1875. He engaged in mercantile life and later became British and then French consul at Massowah in Egyptian Abyssinia. He explored a large part of northeastern Africa and wrote much concerning his travels. Among his works are: 'Ostafrikanische Studien' (1864); 'Vocabulaire de la Langue Tigré' (1865); etc.
# The Earth Turns South/I Would Not Die in April

I WOULD NOT DIE IN APRIL
# The Earth Turns South/Narcissi

NARCISSI
(For My Mother)
# The Earth Turns South/O Dear Brown Lands

VIII.
O Dear Brown Lands
# The Earth Turns South/October

OCTOBER
# The Earth Turns South/Love-Givers

LOVE-GIVERS
# The Earth Turns South/If the Seas Dry

IF THE SEAS DRY—
# The Earth Turns South/Immortality

IMMORTALITY
For Crystal Eastman and Walter G. Fuller
# The Earth Turns South/Like Calls to Like

LIKE CALLS TO LIKE
For Howard Dietz
# The Earth Turns South/Out of the Fog

OUT OF THE FOG
# The Doctrine and Covenants (1922 RLDS)/Section 84

SECTION 84.
Revelation explaining the parable of the wheat and the tares, December 6, 1832.
ON PRIESTHOOD.
1. Verily thus saith the Lord unto you, my servants, concerning the parable of the wheat and of the tares: Behold, verily I say that the field was the world, and the apostles were the sowers of the seed; and after they have fallen asleep, the great persecutor of the church, the apostate, the whore, even Babylon, that maketh all nations to drink of her cup, in whose hearts the enemy, even Satan, sitteth to reign; behold, he soweth the tares, wherefore the tares choke the wheat and drive the church into the wilderness.
2. But, behold, in the last days, even now, while the Lord is beginning to bring forth the word, and the blade is springing up and is yet tender, behold, verily I say unto you, The angels are crying unto the Lord day and night, who are ready and waiting to be sent forth to reap down the fields; but the Lord saith unto them, Pluck not up the tares while the blade is yet tender (for verily your faith is week), lest yon destroy the wheat also; therefore let the wheat and the tares grow together until the harvest is fully ripe; then ye shall first gather out the wheat from among the tares, and after the gathering of the wheat, behold, and lo, the tares are bound in bundles, and the field remaineth to be burned.
3. Therefore, thus saith the Lord unto you, with whom the priesthood hath continued through the lineage of your fathers, for ye are lawful heirs, according to the flesh, and have been hid from the world with Christ in God: therefore your life and the priesthood hath remained, and must needs remain, through you and your lineage, until the restoration of all things spoken by the mouths of all the holy prophets since the world began.
4. Therefore, blessed are ye if ye continue in my goodness, a light unto the Gentiles, and through this priesthood, a savor unto my people Israel. The Lord hath said it. Amen.
# The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce/Bk1 Chapter 14

CHAP. XIV.
TO these considerations this also may be added as no improbable conjecture; seeing that sort of men who follow Anabaptism, Familism, Antinomianism, and other fanatick dreams (if we understand them not amisse) be such most commonly as are by nature addicted to Religion; of life also not debausht, and that their opinions having full swinge, do end in satisfaction of the flesh, it may be come with reason into the thoughts of a wise man, whether all this proceed not partly, if not chiefly, from the restraint of some lawfull liberty, which ought to be giv'n men, and is deny'd them. As by Physick we learn in menstruous bodies, where natures current hath been stopt, that the suffocation and upward forcing of some lower part, affects the head and inward sense with dotage and idle fancies. And on the other hand, whether the rest of vulgar men not so religiously professing, do not give themselvs much the more to whoredom and adulteries, loving the corrupt and venial discipline of clergie Courts, but hating to hear of perfect reformation: when as they foresee that then fornication shall be austerely censur'd, adultery punisht, and mariage the appointed refuge of nature, though it hap to be never so incongruous and displeasing, must yet of force be worn out, when it can be to no other purpose but of strife and hatred, a thing odious to God. This may be worth the study of skilfull men in Theology, and the reason of things: and lastly to examine whether some undue and ill grounded strictnesse upon the blamelesse nature of man, be not the cause in those places where already reformation is, that the discipline of the Church so often and so unavoidably brok'n, is brought into contempt and derision. And if it be thus, let those who are still bent to hold this obstinate literality, so prepare themselves as to share in the account for all these transgressions, when it shall be demanded at the last day by one who will scan and sift things with more then a literall wisedom of equity. For if these reasons be duly ponder'd, and that the Gospell is more jealous of laying on excessive burdens then ever the Law was, lest the soule of a Christian which is inestimable, should be over-tempted and cast away, considering also that many properties of nature, which the power of regeneration it selfe never alters, may cause ​dislike of conversing even between the most sanctify'd, which continually grating in harsh tune together may breed some jarre and discord, and that end in rancor and strife, a thing so opposite both to mariage and to Christianity, it would perhaps be lesse schandall to divorce a naturall disparity, then to link violently together an unchristian dissention, committing two ensnared soules inevitably to kindle one another, not with the fire of love, but with a hatred inconcileable, who were they dissevered, would be straight friends in any other relation. But if an alphabeticall servility must be still urged, it may so fall out, that the true Church may unwittingly use as much cruelty in forbidding to divorce, as the Church of Antichrist doth wilfully in forbidding to marry.
# The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce

THE
Doctrine & Discipline
OF
DIVORCE:
Restor'd to the good of both Sexes, From the bondage of Canon Law, and other mistakes to the true meaning of Scripture in the Law and Gospel compar'd.
Wherin also are set down the bad consequences of abolishing or condemning of Sin, that which the Law of God allowes, and Christ abolisht not.
Now the second time revis'd and much augmented,
In Two BOOKS:
To the Parlament of England with the Assembly.
The Author J. M.
Matth. 13.52. Every Scribe instructed to the Kingdome of Heav'n, is like the Maister of a house which bringeth out of his treasury things new and old.
Prov. 18.13. He that answereth a matter before he heareth it, it is folly and shame unto him.
LONDON, Imprinted in the yeare 1644.
page
To the Parlament of England Booke. I. Preface Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IIII. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. Chapter XI. Chapter XII. Chapter XIII. Chapter XIV. Booke. II. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. Chapter XI. Chapter XII. Chapter XIII. Chapter XIV. Chapter XV. Chapter XVI. Chapter XVII. Chapter XVIII. Chapter XIX. Chapter XX. Chapter XXI. Chapter XXII. Errata
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce/Bk1 Chapter 11

CHAP. XI.
Seventhly, The Canon Law and Divines consent, that if either party be found contriving against anothers life, they may be sever'd by divorce; for a sin against the life of mariage is greater then a sin against the bed: the one destroyes, the other defiles: The same may be said touching those persons who being of a pensive nature and cours of life, have sum'd up all their solace in that free and lightsome conversation which God and man intends in marriage: wherof when they see themselves depriv'd by meeting an unsociable consort, they oft-times resent one anothers mistake so deeply, that long it is not ere griefe end one of them. When therfore this danger is foreseen that the life is in perill by living together, what matter is it whether helples griefe, or wilfull practice be the cause; This is certain that the preservation of life is more worth then the compulsory keeping of mariage; and it is no lesse then crueltie to force a man to remain in that state as the solace of his life, which he and his friends know will be either the undoing or the disheartning of his life. And what is life without the vigor and spiritfull exercise ​of life? how can it be usefull either to private or publick employment? shall it therfore be quite dejected, though never so valuable, and left to moulder away in heavines for the superstitious and impossible performance of an ill driv'n bargain? Nothing more inviolable then vowes made to God: yet we read in Numbers, that if a wife had made such a vow, the meer will and authority of her husband might break it: how much more may he breake the error of his own bonds with an unfit and mistak'n wife, to the saving of his welfare, his life, yea his faith and vertue from the hazard of over-strong temptations; for if man be Lord of the Sabbath, to the curing of a Fevor, can he be lesse then Lord of mariage in such important causes as these?
# The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce/Bk1 Chapter 12

CHAP. XII.
Eighthly, It is most sure that some ev'n of those who are not plainly defective in body, yet are destitut of all other mariageable gifts; and consequently have not the calling to marry; unlesse nothing be requisite therto but a meer instrumentall body; which to affirm, is to that unanimous Covenant a reproach: yet it is as sure that many such, not of their own desire, but by the perswasion of friends, or not knowing themselves doe often enter into wedlock; where finding the difference at length between the duties of a married life, and the gifts of a single life; what unfitnes of mind, what wearisomnesse, what scruples and doubts to an incredible offence and displeasure are like to follow between, may be soon imagin'd: whom thus to immure and shut up together, the one with a mischosen mate, the other in a mistak'n calling, is not a cours that Christian "wisedome" and tendernesse ought to use. As for the custome that some parents and guardians have of forcing mariages, it will be better to say nothing of such a savage inhumanity, but only this, that the Law which gives not all freedom of divorce to any creature endu'd with reason so assassinated, is next in cruelty.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Carica

Edition of 1920. See also Carica on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CARICA (from caría, a district of Asia Minor, whence it was supposed to have come), a genus of plants, the typical one of the order of Papayads (Papayaceæ). See Papaw.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Calvinistic Methodists

Edition of 1920. See also Calvinistic Methodists on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CALVINISTIC METHODISTS, a section of the Methodists in Great Britain, distinguished by their Calvinistic sentiments from the ordinary Wesleyans, who are Arminian. Wesley and Whitefield, the colleagues in the
great evangelistic movement in the 18th century, differed with regard to the doctrines of grace, Wesley being Arminian, and Whitefield Calvinistic. Whitefield may be regarded as the founder of Calvinistic Methodism. Other names, and especially that of Howell Harries, of Trevecca, should be mentioned in connection with it. In its distinctive form it dates from 1725, but did not completely sever its connection with the Church of England till 1810. In government it is now Presbyterian. Its great seat is Wales and it is claimed as the only denomination in Wales of purely Welsh origin. The Calvinistic Methodists exist in three divisions: the Whitefield Connection, 1741; Countess of Huntingdon's Connection (Huntingdonians) 1748; Welsh Methodists, 1750.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Calvinism

* related portals: Calvinism.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
Edition of 1920. See also Reformed Christianity on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CALVINISM. The system of religious thought taught by John Calvin, which maintains that God is the sovereign ruler of the world and every good thought comes directly from him. The conception of the sovereignty of God did not originate with Calvin; it is as old as the Hebrew writings; but he emphasized it in such a way that it impressed itself upon the religious thought of his day and has continued to be the conception of God held by all Christian denominations and by many of whom it is made such a cardinal belief that the possibility of doubting it is not even brought into question. The dominant features of Calvinism impressed themselves upon his followers so thoroughly that they became a moving power in the lives of vast masses of people. Calvin followed the belief in predestination to its logical conclusion and he proclaimed that some were born to life and some to damnation; he taught that regeneration could be obtained only through the spirit of God acting upon the human heart; that God will keep to the path of righteousness only those to whom he has given regenerating grace, and that he who is elected will continue in the way of righteousness. Calvinism emphasizes the unchangeable nature of God, his never-dying love and his justice; for the manifestation of these, his great and glorious attributes, he created the world and all that is thereon. He foreordains everything that comes to pass; and the world moves forward according to his plans. Calvinism lays stress upon election, redemption, bondage of will, grace and the pereseverance of the saints. According to Calvinism the fall of man was predestined, and all descendants of Adam have ineherited his sin and the accompanying punishment.
All Calvin's religious beliefs are logically stated and developed in his ‘Institutio Christianæ Religionis’; but, with all his care, he left certain questions unanswered; and these have divided his followers into two camps or schools, the “Supralapsarian” and the “Infralapsarian,” who differ principally on the order of the divine decrees. The former looks to the final result, as the first thing contemplated in these decrees; while the latter tries to soften the pronounced theory of predestination by having God permit man to fall. This softened form of predestination is the one generally accepted by Calvinists. (See Calvin, John). Consult Bright; ‘Select Anti-Pelagian Treatises of St. Augustine’ (London 1880); Calvin, ‘The Institutes of the Christian Religion’ (Philadelphia); Hodge, A. A., ‘Commentary on the Westminster Confession of Faith’ (Philadelphia 1869); Kuyper, A. ‘Calvinism, The Stone Lectures’ (New York 1898).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Caprivi, Georg Leo, Graf von

Edition of 1920. See also Leo von Caprivi on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CAPRIVI, kä-prē'vē, Georg Leo, Graf von, sometimes called Caprivi de Caprara de Montecuculi, German soldier and statesman; second Chancellor of the German Empire: b. Charlottenburg, 24 Feb. 1831; d. Skyren, 6 Feb. 1899. He studied in Berlin; entered the army in 1849; fought in the campaigns of 1864 and 1866; and was appointed major and a member of the general staff of the First Army Corps. In the Franco-German War of 1870 he was chief of staff to the 10th Army Corps, served with distinction at Metz and Orleans and in the Loire campaigns. In 1882 he became commander of the 30th Infantry Division at Metz and in 1883-88 he was at the head of the Admiralty. This appointment was made by Bismarck and caused great dissatisfaction among the officers of the navy. Caprivi, however, soon mastered the details of the department, and the successful reorganization of the navy upon its present basis is in great part due to his capable and energetic direction. In 1888 he became commander of his old army corps. Hence he was removed, on the fall of Bismarck, in 1890, to become Imperial Chancellor and Prussian Prime Minister. His principal measures were the army bills of 1892 and 1893, and the commercial treaty with Russia in 1894, in which year he retired. He was made a count in 1891. His position as Bismarck's successor was one of peculiar difficulty and trial, but he showed himself an able and faithful administrator. Like Bismarck he was a man of giant stature, of great mental power and with an incredible capacity for work. Consult ‘Die Reden des Grafen von Caprivi . . . 1883-93’ (Berlin 1894).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Carlén, Emilia Smith Flygare

Edition of 1920. See also Emilie Flygare-Carlén on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CARLÉN, kär-lān', Emilia Smith Flygare, Swedish novelist: b. Strömstad, 8 Aug. 1807; d. Stockholm, 5 Feb. 1892. In 1827 she married a physician named Flygare. In 1838 she published
her first novel, ‘Waldemar Klein,’ and among the best of her subsequent works are the ‘Professor’ (1840); ‘A Year’ (1846); ‘The Brother's Bet’; and ‘The Guardian’ (1851). Several of her novels have been translated into English. After his death in 1833, she decided to devote herself to literature. In 1841 she married J. G. Carlén, a lawyer and poet. After his death in 1875, her literary activity ceased altogether, although her salon had been the centre of literary life at the capital. In 1878 she published a volume of ‘Reminiscences of Swedish Literary Life.’ She had clear insight into the conditions of human life, especially of life in the middle class, and she describes it with admirable fidelity. Characteristic are ‘Gustav Lindorm’ (1839); ‘The Rose of Tistelön’ (1842); ‘The Maiden's Tower’ (1848), all translated into English. Consult Svanberg, ‘E. F. Carlén’; ‘En studie’ (Stockholm 1912); Schoeldstroen, ‘E. F. Carlén’ (ib. 1888).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Campbell, John (editor)

Edition of 1920. See also John Campbell (editor) on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
CAMPBELL, John, American editor: b. Scotland 1653; d. March 1728. He was one of a family or kin of Boston booksellers and public officials whose relationships are not determinable. John, as postmaster, was the news centre of the New England provinces; and in 1703 was writing “news letters” of European news to Governor Winthrop of Connecticut, and perhaps to other governors, made up of information received from arriving travelers, etc., with inferences as to New England policy. In 1704 he concluded to make these public and for sale; and on 24 April issued the first newspaper in America, the Boston News Letter (q.v.), which he edited till 1722. In 1719 he was deprived of the postmastership. He was justice of the peace for Suffolk County for some years.
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Johnson, Emily Pauline

Edition of 1920. See also Pauline Johnson on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
JOHNSON, Emily Pauline, Canadian poetess: b. Chiefwood, Ontario, 1862; d. Vancouver, 7 March 1913; the daughter of George Johnson, head chief of the Mohawk Indians, and of his English wife. Her poems on Indian subjects are full of dramatic force and intensity. Her works are ‘The White Wampum’ (1804); ‘Canadian Born’ (1903); and ‘Flint and Feathers’ (1912).
# The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Johnson, Samuel William

Edition of 1920. See also Samuel William Johnson on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
JOHNSON, Samuel William, American chemist: b. Kingsboro N. Y., 3 July 1830; d. 1909. He studied at Yale Scientific School and the universities of Leipzig and Munich. In 1856 he became professor of analytical chemistry in the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale, taught agricultural chemistry there 1857-75, and from 1875 to 1896 was professor of theoretical and agricultural chemistry, becoming in 1896 professor emeritus. He was director of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station from 1877 to 1899. In 1858 he was made chemist to the State Agricultural Society, in which capacity he issued an important series of papers on commercial fertilizers and allied subjects. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, and in 1878 was president of the American Chemical Society. He published
‘Essays on Peat Muck and Commercial Manures’ (1859); ‘How Crops Feed’ (1870); ‘Peat and Its Uses’ (1866); ‘How Crops Grow’ (1868), and edited Fresenius' ‘Quantitative Chemical Analysis’ (1864, 1875, 1883).