OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Ostinato

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Orridge, Ellen

[ A. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Orphée aux Enfers

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Orphée et Euridice

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Orphéon, L'

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Osborne, George

From volume 2 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Otello

From volume 2 of the work.
[ G. ]
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Udine

See also Udine on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UDINE, a town and archiepiscopal see of Venetia, Italy, capital of the province of Udine, situated between the Gulf of Venice and the Alps, 84 m. by rail N.E. of Venice, 450 ft. above sea-level. Pop; (1906), 25,217 (town); 40,627 (commune). The town walls were in the main demolished towards the end of the 19th century. The old castle, at one time the residence of the patriarchs of Aquileia, and now used as a prison, was erected by Giovanni Fontana in 1517 in place of the older one destroyed by an earthquake in 1511. The Romanesque cathedral contains some interesting examples of native art (by Giovanni Martini da Udine, a pupil of Raphael, and others). The church of S. Maria della Purità has frescoes by Giovanni Battista and Domenico Tiepolo. In the principal square stands the town hall, built in 1448–1457 in the Venetian-Gothic style, and skilfully restored after a fire in 1876; opposite is a clock tower resembling that of the Piazza di San Marco at Venice. In the square is a statue of Peace, erected in commemoration of the peace of Campo Formio (1796), which lies 5 m. to the W.S.W. The archiepiscopal palace and Museo Civico, as well as the municipal buildings, have some valuable paintings. The leading industry of Udine is silk-spinning, but it also possesses manufactures of linen, cotton, hats and paper, tanneries and sugar refineries, and has a considerable trade in flax, hemp, &c. Branch railways lead to Cividale del Friuli and S. Giorgio di Nogaro, and a steam tramway to S. Daniele del Friuli.
The origin of Udine is uncertain; though it lay on the line of the Via Iulia Augusta, there is no proof of its existence in Roman times. In the middle ages it became a flourishing and populous city; in 1222 or 1238 the patriarch Berthold made it the capital of Friuli, and in 1420 it became Venetian. In 1752 it became an archbishopric.  (T. As.)
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Uakari

See also Uakari on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UAKARI (Ouakari), the native name of certain tropical American monkeys, distinguished from all other New World monkeys by their short tails. The three known species constitute the genus Uacaria (or Cothurnus) of zoologists, and are confined to the forests of Amazonia and the neighbourhood. One of them (U. calva) is remarkable for its long, silky, pale chestnut fur and brilliant scarlet face, which is naked (see Primates).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Uelzen

See also Uelzen on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UELZEN, a town of Germany, in the Prussian province of Hanover, on the Ilmenau, east of the famous Lüneburger Heide, at the junction of the railway connecting Hamburg, Hanover, Bremen and Stendal, 52 m. S.E. of Hamburg. Pop. (1905), 9329. The town has four Evangelical churches, one of which, dedicated to the Holy Ghost, has a valuable altarpiece dating from the 14th century. The principal industries are flax, sugar, tobacco and machinery, and there is a trade in cattle and horses. In the vicinity are some interesting Slavonic remains and the former Benedictine monastery of Ullesheim.
Founded in the 10th century as Löwenwold, Uelzen became in the middle ages an active member of the Hanseatic League.
See Jaenicke, Geschichte der Stadt Uelzen (Hanover, 1889).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Ueberweg, Friedrich

See also Friedrich Ueberweg on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UEBERWEG, FRIEDRICH (1826–1871), German historian of philosophy, was born on the 22nd of January 1826 at Leichlingen, in Rhenish Prussia, where his father was Lutheran pastor. Educated at Göttingen and Berlin, he qualified himself at Bonn as Privatdozent in philosophy (1852). In 1862 he was called to Königsberg as extraordinary professor, and in 1867 he was advanced to the ordinary grade. He married in 1863, and died on the 9th of June 1871. His compendious History of Philosophy is remarkable for fullness of information, conciseness, accuracy and impartiality. At first he followed Beneke’s empiricism, and strongly opposed the subjectivistic tendency of the Kantian system, maintaining in particular the objectivity of space and time, which involved him in a somewhat violent controversy. His own mode of thought he preferred later to describe as an ideal realism, which refused to reduce reality to thought, but asserted a parallelism between the forms of existence and the forms of knowledge. Beneke and Schleiermacher exercised most influence upon the development of his thought.
Works.—System der Logik (1857; 5th ed., 1882; Eng. trans. of 3rd ed. by T. M. Lindsay, 1871); Grundriss der Gesch. der Phil. (1863–1866, 8th ed., M. Heinze, 1894–1898; Eng. trans., G. S. Morris, 1872; 4th ed., 1885); an essay (1861) on the authenticity and order of Plato’s writings, crowned by the Imperial Academy of Vienna; Schiller als. Hist. und Phil. (published by Brasch from his papers, Leipzig, 1884). See F. A. Lange, Friedrich Ueberweg (Berlin, 1871); M. Brasch, Die Welt- und Lebensanschauung Friedrich Ueberwegs (Leipzig, 1889).
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Udad

See also Barbary sheep on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UDAD, Aoudad or Audad, the Moorish name of the Barbary sheep, or arui, Ovis (Ammotragus) lervia, the only wild sheep found in Africa, where it inhabits all the mountain ranges of the north, descending to the eastward far into the heart of the Sudan. The udad is distinguished by the abundant hair on the throat and fore-quarters of the rams, and the length of the tail. In the absence of face-glands and in the structure of the horns the species approximates to the goats. The “lion-coloured” coat approximates to the hue of the limestone rocks on which these sheep dwell.
# 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Udal

See also Udal law on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
​UDAL (Dan. odel), a kind of right still existing in Orkney and Shetland, and supposed to be a relic of the old allodial mode of landholding existing antecedently to the growth of feudalism in Scotland (see Allodium). The udal tenant holds without charter by uninterrupted possession on payment to the Crown, the kirk, or a grantee from the Crown of a tribute called scat (Dan. skat), or without such payment, the latter right being more strictly the udal right. Udal lands descend to all the children equally. They are convertible into feus at the option of the udallers.
# A Blighted Life/Section 10

And now, sir, I ought to, and would make you many apologies for inflicting upon you such a long, and to you--necessarily unintersting history--but that I read and believed the "Notice" appended to your last (every one says) "masterly work," and have done you the honour of taking you for an honest man. And hence this otherwise unwarrantable infliction. As I told you at the commencement of this letter, I want you to do nothing for me; for nothing can now be done; and yet for three things in your power to do, without in any way compromising yourself, I should be very grateful to you:--
Firstly. To tell the facts herein contained as far, and as wide as you can.
Secondly. In telling them, to say nothing of, or nothing against my truly unfortunate son, who, God knows, is well punished! for the fearful weakness in which he has been purposely trained, by his relentless and unscrupulous father, that he might effectually crush by moulding him resistlessly to his will.
Thirdly. As a man of real genius, as you are, you must be in the habit of analysing human nature, by a sort of psychological vivisection, or you never could produce the photographs of characters you do. Can you then conjecture, or suggest any clue, to my unhappy son's contradictory conduct? Emanating as it were from two distinctly opposite natures; the one almost angelic, the other almost the reverse. But putting his weakness, and more than Hamletish dreamy irresolution out of the analysis; you must not seek a solution of his unworthy conduct in the equally unworthy and mundane fear of being disinherited. No doubt his vile father! would leave him a beggar, if he could, but that he might not immolate all to his own Juggernaut selfishness, Knebworth is not only strictly entailed upon his son, but luckily, stringently 12 deep after him, or Sir L. might have got his poor weak victim to cut off the entail. If you can solve this enigma, I should be so grateful.
          I have the honour to be, sir,
                Your obedient servent,
                   ROSINA BULWER LYTTON.
Wednesday, February 10th, 1864.
P.S.--One thing I forgot to mention to you, which was, that the last time I saw that double-dealing sneak, Dr. R_____, which was the day that upon leaving town I asked him to write to Mr. Ironside about the swindle of my book; he said suddenly, apropos de bottes$^1$, "The fact is we have been completely sold!" which solitary truth from him was, as you may suppose, a great consolation to me, seeing how indefatigable he had assisted in sellimg me. He then added, clenching his hand, and muttering to himself "Well, I think I'd have begged my bread before I could have used my mother so!" It is he that would! But it is so easy always to say the right and do the wrong thing, which is the compromise most men make with the Devil.--R.B.L.

### Endnote

* apropos de bottes: suddenly, out of the blue
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Dettingen Te Deum, The

From volume 1 of the work.
​DETTINGEN TE DEUM, THE, written by Handel to celebrate the victory of Dettingen (June 26, 1743). 'Begun July 1743'; first performed (not at the thanksgiving service July 28, but) at the Chapel Royal, St. James's, Nov. 27, 43. Many of the themes and passages are from Urio.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Demantius, Christoph

From volume 1 of the work.
[ M. C. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Demonio, Il

[ M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Dering, Richard

From volume 1 of the work.
[ W. H. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Desmarets, Henri

[ M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Deserteur, Le

From volume 1 of the work.
​DESERTEUR, LE, a musical drama in 3 acts, words by Sedaine, music by Monsigny—his best; produced at the Theatre des Italians March 6, 1769, and revived at the Opéra Comique Oct. 30, 1843.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Demeur, Anne

[ A. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Demi-semi-quaver

From volume 1 of the work.
​DEMI-SEMI-QUAVER, the half of a semi-quaver; in other words, a note the value or duration of which is the quarter of a quaver and the eighth part of a crotchet. In French 'triple croche'; in Italian 'semi-bis-croma.' It is shown by , or, when joined, by , and its rest by .
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Demophon

From volume 1 of the work.
​DEMOPHON, tragédie lyrique, in 3 acts; words by Marmontel; music by Cherubini, his first opera in Paris; produced at the Académie royale Dec. 5, 1788.
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Denefve, Jules

From volume 1 of the work.
[ M. C. C. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Extravaganza

From volume 1 of the work.
[ J. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fa-La

From volume 1 of the work.
[ J. H. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Faccio, Franco

[ M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fa Fictum

[ W. S. R. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fabri, Annibale

From volume 1 of the work.
[ J. M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fackeltanz

From volume 1 of the work.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Eybler, Joseph von

From volume 1 of the work.
​EYBLER, Joseph Edler von, Capellmeister to the Emperor of Austria, born at Schwechat, near Vienna, Feb. 8, 1765. His father, a school-teacher and choir-master, taught him singing and the principal instruments, and a place was procured for him in the boys' seminary at Vienna. While there he took lessons (1777–79) from Albrechtsberger. On the dissolution of the seminary in 1782, Eybler turned his attention to the law, but was driven by the sudden impoverishment of his parents to earn his bread by music. Haydn now proved a true friend, not only encouraging him in his studies but recommending him to Artaria the publisher. In the meantime some of his symphonies were performed, and both Haydn (1787) and Mozart (1790) testified to his ability as a composer and his fitness for the post of Capellmeister. Eybler nursed Mozart during his last illness, and after his death it was to him that the widow at once committed the task of completing the Requiem. He accepted the charge in a letter dated Dec. 21, 1791, and began the work, but soon gave it up. He was appointed choir-master to a church in the suburbs in 1792, and in 1794 to the 'Schotten' monastery in Vienna itself. About this time his first work, 3 String Quartets dedicated in Italian to Haydn, was published by Traeg. In 1810 he was appointed music-master to the imperial children, in 1804 vice-capellmeister, and, on Salieri's retirement in 1824, chief Capellmeister. In 1834 he was ennobled by the Emperor, whose meetings for quartet practice he had regularly attended. A year before he had been obliged to give up the exercise of his profession owing to a paralytic stroke while conducting Mozart's Requiem. He died July 24, 1846.
[ C. F. P. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/F

From volume 1 of the work.
​F. The 4th note of the natural scale, with B♭ for its signature. In French and in solfaing, Fa. D is its relative minor.
The F clef is the bass clef, the sign of which is a corruption of that letter.
F minor has a signature of 4 flats, and A♭ is its relative major.
F is the tonic of the Aeolian [App. p.631 "Lydian"] church mode, with C for its dominant.
F♯ is in German Fis, in French Fa diése.
Beethoven has very much favoured these keys, having left 2 Symphonies (Pastoral and No. 8), 3 String Quartets (the 1st and last, and Rassomoffsky, No. 1), 2 P.F. Sonatas, etc., in F major, Overture to Egmont, Sonata appassionata, Quartet, op. 95, in F minor. Haydn, on the other hand, very seldom composed for the orchestra in this key, major or minor.
F♯ is more rarely used; but we may mention Haydn's Farewell Symphony; a P.F. Sonata (op. 78) by Beethoven, for which he had a peculiar affection; and a charming Romance of Schumann's (op. 28).
f, for., or forte, is the well-known sign for loudness.
[ G. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fabrizzi, Orazia

From volume 1 of the work.
[ J. M. ]
# A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Fagotto

From volume 1 of the work.
[ W. H. S. ]
# A Field Book of the Stars/Canes Venatici

The Constellations of Summer.
Layout 2
CANES VENATICI (kā'-nēz've-nat'-i-cī)—THE HUNTING DOGS. (Face Northwest.)
Location.—Cor Caroli, the bright star in this constellation, when on the meridian is about 17 degrees south of Alioth in Ursa Major. A line drawn from Benetnasch, in the tail of the Great Bear, through Berenice's Hair, to Denebola in Leo, passes through it.
The dogs, Asterion and Chara, are represented as being held in leash by Boötes, the herdsman, in his pursuit of the Great Bear.
Cor Caroli is in the southern hound, Chara, and represents the heart of Charles II of England.
A glance at the diagram of Boötes indicates clearly the position of this constellation.
The so-called "Diamond of Virgo," is clearly shown on this plate. It is composed of the stars Cor Caroli, Denebola, Spica, and Arcturus.
The star La Superba 7 degrees north of Cor Caroli, is especially noteworthy because of the flashing brilliancy of its prismatic rays.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Canis Minor

The Constellations of Spring.
Layout 2
CANIS MINOR (ka'-nis mi'-nor)—THE LESSER DOG. (Face West.)
Location—Procyon, the little dog star, lies about 23 degrees south of Pollux, in Gemini, A line drawn from Nath, in Auriga, to Alhena in Gemini, and prolonged about 18 degrees, reaches Procyon.
Procyon is equidistant from Betelgeuze in Orion, and Sirius in Canis Major, and forms with them an equilateral triangle. It forms a large right-angled triangle with Pollux and Betelgeuze.
The light from Procyon is golden yellow. Four degrees north-west of it is the third-magnitude star Gomeisa. Binoculars show two small stars forming a right-angled triangle with it.
Procyon was distinctly mentioned by Ptolemy.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Aquila

The Constellations of Summer.
Layout 2
AQUILA (ak'-wi-la)—THE EAGLE, AND ANTlNOÜS. (Face Southeast.)
Location.—Half way up the sky in the Milky Way, you will see three stars in a line, the middle one much brighter than the other two. This bright star is Altair in Aquila. It forms with Vega and Deneb an isosceles triangle. Altair is at the apex, about 35 degrees from the other two. A triangle is formed by Vega, Altair, and Ras Alhague, in the Serpent Bearer, which is about 30 degrees west of Altair.
This is a double constellation composed of Aquila and Antinous. Altair is in the neck of the eagle, Alschain in the head of Antinoüs.
When the moon is absent, a rude arrow head can be traced out, embracing almost all the stars in Aquila. For forty hours (η) remains bright, diminishes for sixty-six hours to minimum brightness, and is stationary in brilliancy for thirty hours.
Aquila dates back 1200 B.C.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Auriga

The Constellations of Spring.
Layout 2
AURIGA (a-ri'-ga)—THE CHARIOTEER. (Face Northwest.)
Location.—A line drawn from (δ) to (α) Ursæ Majoris, and prolonged about 45 degrees, ends near the bright Capella, in Auriga, a star of the first magnitude, and one of the most brilliant in the heavens. It is unmistakable, having no rival in brightness near it. Auriga is a beautiful and conspicuous constellation. It is characterized by a clearly defined pentagon. Note the three fourth-magnitude stars near Capella known as "The Kids." The star (β) is common to Auriga and Taurus, being the former's right foot and the latter's northern horn. The field within the pentagon is particularly rich in clusters. Capella forms a rude square with Polaris, (ε) Cassiopeiæ, and (ο) Ursæ Majoris, and forms an equilateral triangle with Betelgeuze in Orion, and the Pleiades in Taurus.
A line from (θ) to (ο) Aurigæ prolonged about 20° ends near (α) Persei,
The solstitial colure passes 2 degrees east of (β).
Capella is visible at some hour of every clear night throughout the year.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Cancer

The Constellations of Spring.
Layout 2
CANCER (kan'-ser)— THE CRAB. (Face West.)
Location—Cancer lies between Gemini and Leo. A line drawn from Nath in Auriga to Pollux in Gemini, and prolonged about 15 degrees, ends in Præsepe, the Manger, the great star cluster in Cancer, which is also called the Bee Hive. It contains thirty-six stars. The stars (γ) and (δ) are called the Aselli— the ass's colts feeding from the silver manger.
The star (β) lies about 10 degrees northeast of Procyon. Acubens (α) lies on the same line the same distance beyond (β). These two stars form the tips of the inverted "Y" which distinguishes Cancer.
An imaginary line from Capella through Pollux will point out Acubens. Close to it are two faint stars. The Bee Hive lies within an irregular square formed by γ, δ, η, and θ, and looks like a nebula to the naked eye. (δ) is situated in the line of the ecliptic.
Halley's Comet first appeared here in 1531.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Canis Major

The Constellations of Winter.
Layout 2
CANIS MAJOR (kā'-nis mā-jor)—THE GREATER DOG (Face South.)
Location.—The three stars in Orion's girdle point southeast to Sirius, the dog star, in Canis Major, the most brilliant star in the heavens. It was connected in the minds of the Egyptians with the rising of the Nile, and is receding from the earth at the rate of twenty miles a second. Seventeen years are required for its light to reach us. There is a tiny star near Sirius.
The star (ν) is a triple. The cluster (41 M.) can be seen with binoculars, just below it.
Between (δ) and (ο¹) note a remarkable array of minute stars, also the very red star (22).
(δ) and (ζ) are doubles for binoculars.
Below (η) there is a fine group.
Betelgeuze, in Orion, Procyon, in Canis Minor, and Sirius form a nearly equilateral triangle. These stars with Naos, in the Ship, and Phaet, in the Dove, form a huge figure known as the Egyptian "X."
From earliest times Sirius has been known as the Dog of Orion.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Aquarius

The Constellations of Autumn.
Layout 2
AQUARIUS (a-kwā'-ri-us)—THE WATER CARRIER. (Face Southwest.)
Location.—A line drawn from (β) Pegasi to (α) of the same constellation, and prolonged as far again, ends just east of the so-called water jar of Aquarius, which is formed by a group of four stars in the form of a "Y," as indicated in the diagram. The Arabians called these four stars a tent.
The jar is represented as inverted, allowing a stream of water represented by dim stars in pairs and groups of three stars, to descend, ending in the bright star Fomalhaut, the mouth of the Southern Fish.
A rough map of South America can be traced in the stars θ, λ, τ, δ, ο², ι.
A rude dipper can be made out in the western part of the constellation, formed of the stars α, β, γ, ε.
The stars (r) and (104) are doubles. Of the former pair, one is white, the other orange in color. Fomalhaut was the object of sunrise worship in the temple of Demeter at Eleusis in 500 B.C.
(α) is one degree south of the celestial equator.
In the vicinity of (δ), Mayer observed in 1756 what he termed a fixed star. Herschel thought it a comet. It proved to be the planet Uranus.
(α) is almost exactly on the celestial equator.
(λ) is a red star, the most prominent of the first stars in the stream. The stars in Piscis Australis can be traced out with binoculars.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Aries

The Constellations of Autumn.
Layout 2
ARIES (ā'-ri-ēz)—THE RAM. (Face Southeast.)
Location.—The star (α) in Aries, known as Hamal, and sometimes as Arietis, a star of the second magnitude, is about 7 degrees south of (α) Triangulæ. A line drawn from the Pole Star to (y) Andromedæ, and prolonged about 20 degrees, ends at Hamal.
Aries contains three principal stars, forming a characteristic obtuse-angled triangle.
The star (γ) Mesarthim was the first double star ever discovered. A telescope is required to split it. Hamal lies near the path of the moon, and is one of the stars from which longitude is reckoned.
Below Aries may be seen the characteristic pentagon in the head of Cetus, the Whale.
More than two thousand years ago Aries was the leading constellation of the Zodiac, and now stands first in the list of Zodiacal signs.
The Arabians knew this constellation as Al Hamal, the Ship.
# A Field Book of the Stars/Argo Navis

The Constellations of Winter.
Layout 2
ARGO NAVIS (ar'-go na'-vis)— THE SHIP ARGO. (Face South.)
Location.—Argo is situated southeast of Canis Major. If a line joining Betelgeuze and Sirius be prolonged 18 degrees southeast, it will point out Naos, a star of the second magnitude in the rowlock of the Ship. This star is in the southeast corner of the Egyptian "X."
The star (π) is of a deep yellow or orange hue. It has three little stars above it, two of which form a pretty pair.
The star (ζ) has a companion, which is a test for binoculars.
The star (κ) is a double for an binoculars.
Note the star clusters (46 M) and (38). There is a fiery fifth-magnitude star in the field at the same time.
The star Markeb forms a small triangle with two other stars near it.