OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Philip C. Hanna

​ PHILIP C. HANNA was born in Waterloo, Iowa, June 27, 1857. He was educated for a Methodist minister and was engaged several years in that work. In 1889 he was appointed by President Harrison United States Consul General for Venezuela and during the administration of that office won world-wide fame for his energetic action in securing the release from imprisonment of the consuls of Russia, France, Belgium and several other nations. These consuls were seized by the dictator of that country and held for large ransoms, but through the prompt measures taken by Mr. Hanna were released. For this act Consul Hanna received the thanks of twenty-one nations for rescuing their consuls and citizens. After the overthrow of the dictator the Congress of Venezuela conferred upon Mr. Hanna the rank of count. In 1897 Mr. Hanna was appointed Consul General to Porto Rico and rendered distinguished services to our country during the war with Spain. After peace was restored Mr. Hanna was appointed Consul General at Monterey in Mexico.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Orsborn W. Deignan

​ ORSBORN W. DEIGNAN, the Iowa hero of the Merrimac, was born at Stuart, Iowa, in February, 1877. His father was conductor of the passenger train which was wrecked near Grinnell in the tornado which destroyed the college and a large part of the town. Young Deignan was industrious and ambitious, taking an especial interest in history. At the age of fourteen he went to the far West to make his own way in the world ​and shipped as a seaman. After several years he entered the service in the United States Navy and was first rifleman on the cruiser Lancaster. He enlisted in the Spanish-American War and to his disappointment was assigned to a coal boat, but by this means was enabled to be with Lieutenant Hobson in one of the most thrilling episodes of our naval history—the sinking of the Merrimac in the channel of Santiago Harbor. Through the efforts of the Iowa delegation in Congress Deignan was offered a course of study in the Naval Academy at Annapolis, which he declined. He has since served in the navy as boatswain and has visited many parts of the world in the various cruises.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Pauline G. Swalm

​ PAULINE GIVEN SWALM was born at Dahlonega, Wapello County, Iowa, on the 7th of October, 1850. She prepared for college in the public and private schools and graduated from Iowa College at Grinnell. Miss Given was an accomplished writer and in 1871 became associate editor of the Iowa State Register. In October, 1872, she was united in marriage with Albert W. Swalm. In 1874 she was associated with her husband in the publication and editorial management of the Fort Dodge Messenger. Some years later they removed to Oskaloosa and purchased the Herald, where for many years they gave their time to the editorial and business management of that journal. They soon established a daily edition which became one of the most influential Republican journals in the State. During all of this time Mrs. Swalm was a contributor to leading political papers and magazines. She was an accomplished public speaker and was often invited to deliver lectures. She accompanied her husband to Montevideo, where she has been a close observer of South American people and countries, which will be the subject for a book from her pen.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Phillip M. Crapo

[Philip M. Crapo]
​ PHILIP M. CRAPO is a native of Freetown, near New Bedford, Massachusetts, where he was born June 30, 1844. In youth he enjoyed excellent educational advantages, but chose to forego a college career that he might enlist in the Third Massachusetts Infantry, serving in the eastern department. After the war he became a civil engineer in Michigan and was engaged in the State offices at Detroit in the preparation of the Military History of Michigan. In 1868 Mr. Crapo came to Iowa as the representative of the Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company which he served in various capacities for more than twenty-one years. He has always been a public spirited citizen and aided materially in numerous important enterprises in Burlington. He assured the establishment of the Burlington Free Public Library and has recently made possible the erection of a permanent home for it by subscribing half the cost of a beautiful building. He was also chiefly instrumental in providing a public park for Burlington which bears his name. Mr. Crapo assured the success of the Semi-Centennial Celebration of the admission of the State into the Union, which was held in Burlington in 1896, serving as President of the Board of Commissioners which had charge of the enterprise. He was largely instrumental in securing the establishment of the Soldiers' Home at Marshalltown and delivered the address on behalf of the soldiers at the dedication of the building.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Paris P. Henderson

​ PARIS P. HENDERSON was born at Liberty, Union County, Indiana, January 3, 1825. He was educated in the common schools and in 1849 came to Iowa, making his home in Warren County, where he was appointed organizing sheriff, a position he held until 1859 when lie was elected on the Republican ticket to the State Senate. He served in the regular session of 1860 and at the extra war session of 1861. He then resigned and entered the military service as captain of Company G, Tenth Iowa Infantry. On the 27th of January he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel; in February, 1863, he was promoted to colonel of the regiment and served with distinction to the close of the war. Returning to Indianola he was elected treasurer of Warren County and later mayor of Indianola.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/4/Philip Viele

​ PHILIP VIELE was born in Pittstown, New York, on the 10th of September, 1709. He graduated at Union College and studied law. An eloquent public speaker he became famous as the “boy orator” in the Jackson campaign. In 1837 he emigrated to the “Black Hawk Purchase,” making the long journey by stage coach and river steamer. He located at Fort Madison which became his permanent home. In 1840 he left the Democratic party and took the stump for General Harrison for President. He was chosen probate judge in 1846, serving six years and in 1852 was nominated by the Whigs for Representative in Congress and made a vigorous campaign but was defeated by Bernhart Henn, Democrat. He was a delegate in 1856 to the convention which organized the Republican party of Iowa and presided over its deliberations. In his opening address he suggested the policy which was adopted by the new party. In 1859 he was chosen a member of the State Board of Education and served two years.
# In re Cleland

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United States Supreme Court
218 U.S. 120
In re Cleland
Argued: April 4, 1910. --- Decided: May 31, 1910
Messrs. Charles D. Joslyn and Paul B. Boody for petitioner.
Mr. De Forest Paine for respondent.
Mr. Justice Holmes delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# In re Cooper

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "In re Cooper."
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This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* 1891 • In re Cooper (138 U.S. 404)
* 2003 • In re Cooper (538 U.S. 976)
* 2003 • In re Cooper (540 U.S. 808)
# In re Commitment of Edward S.

* related portals: New Jersey case law.
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* Court Documents
* Opinion of the Court
* Concurring Opinion Handler
Supreme Court of New Jersey
118 N.J. 118; 570 A.2d 917
IN THE MATTER OF THE COMMITMENT OF EDWARD S.
No. A-156 Argued: April 24, 1989 --- Decided: March 8, 1990
Angela V. Passalacqua, Assistant Deputy Public Advocate, argued the cause for appellant (Alfred A. Slocum, Public Advocate, attorney).
James P. Lynch, Assistant Prosecutor, argued the cause for respondent (Samuel Asbell, Camden County Prosecutor, attorney).
For affirmance and remandment — Chief Justice WILENTZ and Justices CLIFFORD, HANDLER, POLLOCK, O'HERN, GARIBALDI and STEIN. Opposed — None. The opinion of the Court was delivered by WILENTZ, C.J. HANDLER, J., concurring. HANDLER, J., concurring in result.
This work is in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."
These do not include works of the Organization of American States, United Nations, or any of the UN specialized agencies. See Compendium III § 313.6(C)(2) and 17 U.S.C. 104(b)(5).
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# In re Claasen

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United States Supreme Court
140 U.S. 200
In re Claasen
H. M. Hetchings, for motion for leave to file.
W. H. H. Miller, Atty. Gen., and Edward Mitchell, Dist. Atty., for motion to vacate supersedeas.
Geo. F. Edmunds, amicus curiae.
BLATCHFORD, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# In re Connaway

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United States Supreme Court
178 U.S. 421
In re Connaway
Argued: April 9, 1900. --- Decided: May 28, 1900
Messrs. W. L. Hillyer, Curtis Hillyer, and Olin L. Berry for petitioner.
Messrs. W. H. Anderson and Jesse W. Lilienthal for respondent.
Mr. Justice McKenna delivered the opinion of the court:

## Notes

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# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Fayette

​ FAYETTE COUNTY, as originally established in December, 1837, was the largest county in the United States. It extended to the British Dominions on the north and from the Mississippi River west to the White Earth, thus embracing nearly all of the present State of Minnesota and all of the Dakotas east of the Missouri and White Earth rivers, making a total area of nearly 140,000 square miles. In 1847 the county was reduced to its present boundaries, lying directly west of Clayton and north of Buchanan. It contains twenty townships embracing an area of seven hundred twenty squares miles and was named for the Marquis de Lafayette.
An Indian trader named George Culver was the first white man to build a cabin in the county in the spring of 1841, in Illyria township. In 1842 Andrew Hensley came to Fairfield township where he settled with his family. Other families soon after located in various parts of the county. In 1850 it was organized by the election of the following officers: Thomas Woodle, judge; J. W. Neff, sheriff; J. A. Cook, treasurer, and William Wells, Charles ​Sawyer and Jared Taylor, commissioners. Judge Thomas S. Wilson held the first term of court in July, 1852, at West Union. This town was laid out in the fall of 1849 by William Wells, J. W. Rogers and Jacob L. Brand. The first house was built by J. W. Rogers the same year. In 1850 a post-office was secured and Mr. Rogers was appointed postmaster. A store was opened by Daniel Cook and a log school-house was built in which a school was opened by J. S. Pence. In 1851 West Union was made the county-seat by a vote of the people. In 1853 an effort was made to move the county-seat but at an election a majority decided it should remain at West Union. On the 21st of October John Gharky issued the first number of a weekly newspaper named the Fayette County Pioneer.
The first settler on the site of the town of Fayette was a man by the name of Mullican who took a claim in 1846 and sold it in 1849 to Robert Alexander. In 1850-51 a settlement was made a mile west of the Alexander farm where a town was laid out and named Westfield by Robert Alexander who had sold the Mullican place. In 1856 Samuel H. Robertson who owned the Mullican farm laid out a town upon it which he named Fayette. For several years there was a sharp rivalry between the two towns but eventually Fayette became the larger and the Upper Iowa University was located there.
The first settlement at Clermont was made in the spring of 1849 by Andrew Moats. John Thompson purchased large tracts of land on each side of Turkey River as soon as they came into market and laid out a town which he named Norway, afterwards changed to Clermont. In 1872 the Burlington and Cedar Rapids Railroad was built into the county.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Dubuque

TOWERS OF GALENA LIMESTONE, NEAR DUBUQUE
​ DUBUQUE COUNTY as originally established in 1834 embraced more than half of the future State of Iowa but was reduced to its present limits in 1837. It lies on the Mississippi River in the third tier south of the Minnesota line and embraces an area of six hundred one square miles. The county was named for Julien Dubuque, the first white man who made his home within the limits of Iowa. The first election was held in October, 1836, in which the citizens voted for delegate in Congress and members of the Territorial Legislature of Michigan. John King was the first county judge after Iowa Territory was created. Further particulars of the early settlements of the county have been given elsewhere.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Des Moines

INDIAN SPRING, NEAR BURLINGTON
​ DES MOINES COUNTY as first established in 1834 embraced nearly one-half of the territory of the future State of Iowa. But in December, 1836, the counties of Lee, ​Van Buren, Henry, Louisa, Muscatine and Cook were created from territory within its limits. It was named for the Des Moines River and in January, 1838, was reduced to nearly its present boundaries, lying on the Mississippi River in the second tier north of the Missouri State line. It has an area of but four hundred thirteen square miles. An account of the early settlements of Burlington and this county will be found elsewhere.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Emmet

​ EMMET COUNTY, originally included in the limits of Fayette, was created by act of the Legislature in 1851 with its present boundaries and named for the Irish patriot Robert Emmet. Its northern boundary is the Minnesota line, it is the fourth county from the western limits of the State and contains twelve townships embracing an area of four hundred four square miles. East and west branches of the Des Moines River flow southeasterly through the county and it contains several beautiful lakes. In 1856 George and William Granger, R. E. and A. H. Ridley, Henry and Adolphus Jenkins, Jesse Coverdale and D. W. Hoyt made claims in the vicinity of a beautiful grove where Estherville stands. A strong stockade was built near the river in 1857 to protect the settlers from the ​Sioux Indians and a company of soldiers was stationed there. In 1858 a town was laid out by Adolphus Jenkins, R. E. Ridley and Jesse Coverdale and named Estherville for Esther A. Ridley, the wife of one of the proprietors, who was the pioneer woman of the settlement and the only one during the first winter. R. E. Ridley built the first house in the new town.
The county was organized in February, 1859, and the following officers chosen: Adolphus Jenkins, judge; Jesse Coverdale, clerk; R. E. Ridley, treasurer; and A. H. Ridley, sheriff. The county-seat was located at Estherville by L. H. Smith and O. C. Howe, commissioners, appointed by Judge A. W. Hubbard of Sioux City. The first newspaper was established in 1868 at Estherville by O. C. Bates and Eaton Northrop and named the Northern Vindicator.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Dallas

​ DALLAS COUNTY lies in the fourth tier north of the Missouri State line, in the fifth east of the Missouri River and was formerly included in the county of Keokuk. On the 17th of January, 1846, the county was created and named for George M. Dallas, then Vice-President of the United States. It contains sixteen congressional townships with an area of five hundred eighty-eight square miles. The Indians continued to occupy the county until the beginning of the year 1846 and soon after it was opened to settlement by whites.
On the 12th of March, 1846, Samuel Miller took a claim in the central part of the county near the Raccoon River and built a cabin. Soon after Wilson Miller, John Wright, Levi A. Davis and others made claims in the fine groves in that vicinity. During the year many settlers came to different parts of the county and opened farms. Samuel Miller built the first mill in that region which was run by horse power.
The county was organized in February, 1847, and commissioners chosen to locate the county-seat. They selected a site in May, a town was laid out and named Panouoch, a word of Indian origin. The claim upon which the town ​was platted had been taken in 1846 by Elijah T. Miller of which he conveyed a part to the county. S. K. Scovell, the clerk of the county, built the first house for an office and Benjamin Green opened the first store. The first term of court was held by Judge Carlton in September, 1847. In 1849 the name of the town was changed to Adel. The first newspaper was established in 1856 by Rippey and Reed and named the Ship of State. The Des Moines Valley Railroad was constructed through the county from the southeast during 1869-70 and several towns were laid out on its line. Among them were Dallas Center and Perry, the latter the largest town in the county. Redfield, laid out on the Raccoon River, was established by Colonel James Redfield who was killed in the Civil War.
Upon the organization of Dallas County the following offices were chosen: Samuel Miller, clerk; L. A. Davis, recorder and treasurer; J. K. Miller, sheriff, and W. W. Miller, surveyor.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Decatur

​ DECATUR COUNTY lies on the south line of the State and in the fifth tier east of the Missouri River. It embraces an area of five hundred thirty-four square miles, was taken from the original county of Demoine and in January, 1846, established with present boundaries. The county was named for Commodore Stephen Decatur a distinguished naval officer in the War of 1812.
The first settlers were William Hamilton, Reuben and James Hatfield, Alfred Stanley, John McDaniel, John E. Logan and Allen Scott who came from 1838 to 1840, supposing they were settling in Missouri. A number of them brought slaves which were held by them until it was decided that they could not hold them as such in Iowa.
The county was organized on the 1st of April, 1850, by the election of the following officers: Josiah Morgan, William Hamilton and Asa Burrill, commissioners; Henry B. Norton, clerk; J. J. Stanley, sheriff. On the 21st of July, 1851, the county-seat was located by commissioners chosen for that purpose at a place which was named ​Decatur. W. Westcoat was employed to survey and plat the town and a sale of lots was held in August, 1851. A log court-house was built in October. The first session of court was held in the log cabin of Daniel Moat in May, 1851, at which Judge McKay presided. In 1853 the county-seat was ordered by vote of the people to a more central location, where a town was laid out and named Independence. A new court-house was built of brick; and, by act of the Legislature in 1854, the name of the new county-seat was changed to Leon. A claim had been made by Thomas East and a log cabin built on the ground where Leon stands before it was chosen for the county-seat. The next house was built by Judge S. C. Thompson soon after the town was platted. I. N. Clark opened the first store in September, 1853. The first newspaper in the county was the Leon Pioneer, established in 1855 by P. H. and George Binkley.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Delaware

​ DELAWARE COUNTY is the second west of the Mississippi River in the third tier south of the Minnesota line and contains sixteen townships embracing an area of five hundred seventy-six squares miles. It was named for the State of Delaware and was created on the 21st of December, 1837, and at that time attached to Dubuque.
In the summer of 1836, William Bennett, the first settler, made a claim in a grove in the limits of the county and built a log cabin. The place was afterwards known as Eagle Grove. The next summer two brothers named Livingston, Hugh Rose and others, all Scotch, moved from the Red River country and settled in Delaware County at a place which became known as Scotch Grove. Early in 1838 Joel Bailey and John Keeler settled on the banks of the Maquoketa River and opened farms. The place took the name of Bailey’s Ford. The county was organized in August, 1841, by the election of the following officers: W. H. Whiteside, Daniel Brown and William Eads, county commissioners, and Le Roy Jackson, sheriff.
BLUFF OF MAQUOKETA RIVER, In Delaware County
​The county-seat was located at this election and a town laid out by Joel Bailey on the ground chosen on the 5th of April, 1842, which was named Delhi. The following summer Charles H. Hobbs built a log cabin on the town site and for two years he and his family were the only inhabitants of Delhi. A post-office was established and Mrs. Hobbs was the postmistress, keeping the office at her home. In the spring of 1845 John W. Clark, A. K. Eaton, William Phillips, Thomas Norris and Joseph Mitchell came with their families to Delhi. In 1844 the citizens assembled from the various settlements, cut trees, hewed and drew the logs to a high point overlooking Silver Lake and built a court-house eighteen by twenty-four feet in size and two stories high. The first term of court had been held before the court-house was built in September, 1844, at which Judge T. S. Wilson presided. Miss Roxy Brown taught the first school in the court-house in the summer of 1846. The first settlement in the vicinity of Manchester was made in 1850 by a Norwegian who built a cabin and opened a farm. In 1855 the claim was purchased by Allan Love who in company with O. P. Reeves and L. Burrington projected a town. In 1856 it was sold to the Iowa Land Company which resurveyed and platted the town of Manchester. In 1850 the town of Hopkinton was laid out by William Nicholson, on ground which he had taken in 1838. Lenox College was established here in the same year by the Presbyterians. In 1853 the first newspaper was established in the county by Datus E. Coon and named the Delhi Argus. When the Dubuque and Sioux City Railroad was extended through the county it ran three miles north of Delhi, which was a fatal blow, as Manchester secured the railroad and eventually the county-seat.