OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Jackson, Catherine Hannah Charlotte

​JACKSON, CATHERINE HANNAH CHARLOTTE, Lady (d. 1891), authoress, was the daughter of Thomas Elliott of Wakefield. She became the second wife of Sir George Jackson [q. v.] in 1856, the marriage taking place at St. Helena. After her husband's death in 1861 she turned her attention to literature, and began by editing the diaries and letters of her husband's early life. In 1872 appeared in two volumes 'The Diaries and Letters of Sir George Jackson, from the Peace of Amiens to the Battle of Talavera,' and in 1873, also in two volumes, 'The Bath Archives : a further Selection from the Diaries and Letters of Sir George Jackson, 1809-16.' On 19 June 1874 she was granted a pension of 100l. a year from the civil list, in recognition of her husband's services. She now took to reading widely in French memoirs, and compiled from them several books on French society. One of the best of them, 'Old Paris: its Court and Literary Salons,' appeared in two volumes in 1878. Lady Jackson's works have an interest for the general reader, but their inaccuracies and lack of perspective render them useless to the historical student. Her English style cannot be commended. She died at Bath on 9 Dec. 1891.
[Boase's Modern English Biogr. ii. 29; Times, 11 Dec. 1891; Colles's Literature and the Pension List; Allibone's Dict. Suppl. ii. 891.]
E. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Jenyns, Leonard

​JENYNS, LEONARD (1799–1893), writer and benefactor of Bath. [See Blomefield.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Jago, James

​JAGO, JAMES (1815–1893), physician, second son of John Jago, was born on 18 Dec. 1815 at the barton of Kigilliack, Budock, near Falmouth, once a seat of the bishops of Exeter. He was educated at the Falmouth classical and mathematical school until about 1833. After a short period of private tuition he entered St. John's College, Cambridge, in Easter term 1835, and graduated B.A. in the mathematical tripos of 1839 as thirty-second wrangler. He then determined to adopt the medical profession, and studied at various hospitals in London, Paris, and Dublin. On 16 Feb. 1843 he was incorporated at the university of Oxford from Wadham College (Gardiner, Reg. Wadham, ii. 414). He graduated M.B. on 22 June 1843, and the degree of doctor of medicine was conferred upon him by this university on 10 June 1859. He then began to practise in Truro, and in 1856 he was appointed physician to the Royal Cornwall Infirmary, and he was also connected professionally with the Truro dispensary. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society on 2 June 1870, and he served (1873-5) as president of the Royal Institution of Cornwall at Truro, a society of which he had been the honorary secretary for many years.
He died on 18 Jan. 1893. He married, in 1864, Maria Jones, daughter of Richard Pearce of Penzance, by whom he had two daughters.
Dr. Jago was a voluminous writer on various medical subjects, the most important of which were investigations upon certain physiological and pathological conditions of the eye, which his mathematical and medical knowledge especially fitted him to discuss. He was also interested in the history and progress of Cornish science and antiquities. His works are:
* ‘Ocular Spectres and Structures as Mutual Exponents,’ London, 1856, 8vo. This work deals with various optical defects of the human eye.
* ‘Entoptics, with its Uses in Physiology and Medicine,’ London, 1864, 8vo.
He also contributed various papers to the ‘London Medical Gazette,’ ‘Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ the ‘British and Foreign Medical and Chirurgical Review,’ and the ‘Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall.’
[Proceedings of the Royal Society, 1893, vol. liv.; Foster's Alumni Oxon. 1715-1886.]
D’A. P.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Ismay, Thomas Henry

​ISMAY, THOMAS HENRY (1837–1899), shipowner, eldest son of Joseph Ismay, shipbuilder, of Marypoint, Cumberland, was born there on 7 Jan. 1837. At the age of sixteen he was apprenticed to a firm of shipbrokers (Imrie & Tomlinson) in Liverpool, and on the expiration of his time made a voyage to South America, visiting the several ports on the west coast. Returning to Liverpool he started in business on his own account, and engaged especially in the Australian trade. In 1867 he acquired the White Star line of Australian clippers, and in the following year, in partnership with an old friend and fellow-apprentice, William Imrie, he formed the Oceanic Steamship Company. In 1870 they added the American trade to their other ventures, and in 1871 began running their steamers regularly between Liverpool and New York. In co-operation with Harland and Wolff of Belfast, the White Star liners earned a good reputation for safety, comfort, and speed; it is stated that between 1870 and 1899 they paid to Harland and Wolff no less a sum than 7,000,000l. In 1878 the White Star line placed their steamers at the disposal of the government as transports or cruisers an offer which led to the modern system of subsidising certain private companies. At the naval review at Spithead in 1897, the Teutonic, one of the largest steamers then afloat, was sent by Ismay to take part in the national display. In 1892 Ismay retired from the firm of Ismay, Imrie, & Co., but retained the chairmanship of the White Star Company, whose fleet then consisted of eighteen steamers, of an aggregate of 99,000 tons, which by 1899 was increased to 164,000. Ismay was also chairman of the Liverpool and London Steamship Protection Association, a director of the London and North​Western Railway Company, and of many other industrial enterprises. In 1884 he served on Lord Ravensworth's admiralty committee on contract versus dockyard systems of building ships; in 1888 on Lord Hartington's royal commission on army and navy administration, and on several other important committees. He was a liberal supporter of the Liverpool Seamen's Orphan Institution; and in 1887 he contributed 20,000l. towards a pension fund for worn-out Liverpool sailors. He was for some years a J.P. and D.L. of Cheshire, and high sheriff in 1892. He died at Dawpool, near Birkenhead, on 23 Nov. 1899, and was buried on the 27th in the churchyard of Thurstanton, after a semi-public memorial service in St. Nicholas's, Liverpool. Notwithstanding his liberal charities, his estate, as proved, was considerably over 1,000,000l. Ismay married in 1859 Margaret, daughter of Luke Bruce, and left issue three sons and four daughters. His portrait by Millais in 1885 was presented to him by the shareholders of the White Star Company.
J. K. L.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Tz'ŭ-hsi

Layout 2
​TZ'Ŭ-hsi. See under Hsiao-ch'in.
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Tê-tsung

Layout 2
​TÊ-tsung. Temple name of Tsai-t'ien [q. v.].
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Tung Pang-ta

Layout 2
​TUNG Pang-ta 董邦達 (T. 孚存, 非聞, H. 東山), 1699–1769, Aug., 19, official, painter and calligrapher, was a native of Fu-yang, Chekiang. Although descended from a poor family, he succeeded after many hardships in obtaining, in 1733, the chin-shih degree. Appointed a compiler of the second class in the Hanlin Academy, he was twice in charge of provincial examinations (Shensi 1738, Kiangsi 1753), and twice directed the metropolitan military examinations (1754, 1760). In 1747 he was appointed sub-chancellor of the Grand Secretariat, and later was made vice-president of the following Boards: Board of Ceremonies (1752–53), Board of Works (1753–57), and Board of Civil Offices (1757–62). Subsequently he was senior vice-president of the Censorate (1762–63), president of the Board of Works (1763–65, 1766–67), and president of the Board of Ceremonies (1765–66, 1767–69). At his death, in 1769, he was canonized as Wên-k'o 文恪. In recognition of the meritorious services of his son, Tung Kao [q. v.], his tablet was entered, in 1807, in the Temple of Eminent Statesmen.
Tung Pang-ta participated in the compilation, among other works, of the following items: Shih-ch'ü pao-chi, Pi-tien chu-lin (for both see under Chang Chao); Hsi-ch'ing ku-chien (see under Liang Shih-chêng), and 皇清文頴 Huang-Ch'ing wên-ying, 124 chüan, printed in 1747. The last is a collection of Court literature up to the year 1744, comprising the literary works of Ch'ing Emperors, 24 chüan, and of Ch'ing courtiers, 100 chüan. An expanded edition, 續編 Hsü-pien, in 164 chüan, was compiled and printed in 1810 under the direction of Tung Kao.
As a painter, Tung Pang-ta won high recognition. He was known as one of the Three Tungs; the other two being Tung Yüan 董源 (T. 叔達, H. 北苑), a painter of the tenth century, and Tung Ch'i-ch'ang [q. v.]. Tung Pang-ta's landscapes are numerous; they are highly praised, and many have colophons written by Emperor Kao-tsung. As a calligraphist, Tung Pang-ta excelled in the writing of characters in the archaic styles known as chuan and li (see under Ho Shao-chi). Many specimens of his calligraphy and painting are preserved in the Palace Museum and are catalogued in the Shih-ch'ü pao-chi and its supplements.
Tung Pang-ta had a younger son, Tung Ch'êng 董誠 (d. c. 1786), who became assistant magistrate of Chien-yang, Fukien (1780), and died in office.
[1/311/7b; 3/80/30a; 19/丙上/46a; 26/1/54a; 27/11/3b; 33/53/3a; L.T.C.L.H.M. 上/356a; Ku-kung chou-k'an (see bibl. under Na-yen-ch'êng) passim; Fu-yang hsien-chih (1906) 19 中 9b; Fukien tung-chih (1871) 113/12b.]
Li Man-kuei
# Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period/Ubai

Layout 2
​UBAI 吳(武)拜, d. 1665, age 70 (sui), belonged to the Gūwalgiya clan and was attached to the Plain White Banner. His father, Urikan 武理堪, was in the service of Nurhaci [q. v.] for many years as captain of one of the companies (niru) of Banner troops. He died in 1619 from wounds received in a battle with the Ming armies which had been sent by Yang Hao [q. v.]. Ubai, who had already attracted notice by his bravery, succeeded to the post. He took part in the capture of Shên-yang and Liao-yang in 1621, receiving as his reward one thousand prisoners. In 1626 Abahai [q. v.] made him one of the two assistant commanders of the Bordered White Banner. Although arrested in 1630 for being involved with Amin [q. v.] in the loss of four cities, he was freed in consideration of his past service and made a colonel of vanguard troops (gabsihiyan jalan i janggin). After six more years of constant fighting he was promoted to the command of the vanguard troops of four Banners (galsihiyan gala i amban), and given a position in the council of state.
Ubai served in all the important engagements of the next eight years. In 1645, a year after the establishment of the Manchu dynasty at Peking, he was made an assistant chamberlain of the Imperial Body guard and was given the rank of earl of the second class. Together with his brother, Subai 蘇拜, he was closely associated with the supporters of the regency of Dorgon [q. v.]. Dorgon died on the last day of the year 1650. During the funeral Dorgon 's elder brother, Ajige [q. v.], behaved in a suspicious manner, and was accused at a meeting of councilors on January 26, 1651, at which Ubai was present, of attempting to seize the regency. Ajige was arrested, imprisoned, and compelled to commit suicide later in the year. For his part in exposing the plot, Ubai received promotion to the rank of marquis of the third class. About a month later Bolhoi 博爾輝, the chief accuser of Ajige, was condemned to death on the charge of spreading malicious reports. Ubai and his brother were stripped of their ranks and suffered confiscation of all their property. Subai regained an official post shortly afterwards, but Ubai remained in disgrace until 1658 when Emperor Shih-tsu conferred on him the rank of viscount of the first class in memory of his distinguished military services. Ubai died in 1665 and was given the posthumous name Kuo-chuang 果壯. The most prominent of his sons was Langtan [q. v.] who succeeded to the hereditary title and the captaincy of the Banner company.
[1/236/1b; 3/262/9b; 11/6/46a; 34/156/3a; Tung-hua lu, Shun-chih period.]
George A. Kennedy
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jim
### jím

* 忍jím287613
* Fortitude; patience; to bear with; to repress; to give way to.

#### jím-năi;

    endure.

#### khak-khó jím-năi;

    to persistently bear up under.

#### jím-sèⁿ;

    patient.

#### jím khì thun siaⁿ;

    restrain anger, by not speaking.

#### é jím bô̤ ngân;

    silently endure.

#### jím m̄ cŭ;

    unendurable.

#### jím sim hāi lí;

    harshly violate propriety.

#### i kâi sim châng-jím căi;

    his spirit is undisciplined.

#### jím jôk pò̤ chîu;

    bear the disgrace in order to avenge it.

#### lṳ́ tîeh ŏi kien jím;

    you have unflinching fortitude.

#### i mîaⁿ-ke jím căi;

    he exercised admirable patience.

#### cía sĭ i cìaⁿ ŏi jím;

    this what she has to put up with.

#### pât nâng jím m̄ khṳ̀;

    other people would not bear it.

#### jím-khì seⁿ châi;

    patience begets riches. ​
* 壬jîm287331
* The ninth of the ten stems; it belongs to water.

#### lâk jîm kâi cṳ;

    a book of magic.

#### i mîaⁿ-ke thóiⁿ lâk-jîm;

    he is expert in the study of magic.
* 任jĭm28994
* To sustain; to trust; a duty; to undertake.

#### cía sĭ i kâi ceh-jĭm;

    this is a duty belonging to his post.

#### i bô̤ ceh bô̤ jĭm;

    he has no responsibilities.

#### kua tîeh tăng jĭm;

    bears a heavy responsibility.

#### cí kâi ceh-jĭm tōa;

    this is a weighty responsibility.

#### i tó̤ jĭm úa kâi sṳ̄;

    he bears the responsibility in this affair of mine.

#### úa sìn-jĭm i;

    I confide in him.

#### jĭm i;

    entrust the matter to him.

#### lṳ́ m̄ hó̤ jĭm i thèng cò̤;

    you should not trust to his careless management.

#### jĭm-phêng lṳ́ cò̤-nî tàⁿ, úa to m̄ thiaⁿ;

    whatever you say, I shall not heed it.

#### i cò̤ sṳ̄ khah jĭm sèⁿ;

    he gives way to his temper too much.

#### châi-chêng m̄ seng jĭm;

    his abilities do not fit him for the post.

#### jĭm phah to m̄ ùi;

    he is not frightened at being beaten.
* 任jīm28994
* To hold office; an incumbent.

#### hù jīm;

    to repair to one's post.

#### tiang-sî cĭeⁿ jīm?

    When does he enter upon the duties of his office?

#### lâi cih i kâi jīm;

    comes and takes the seals of his office.

#### sin jīm kuaⁿ;

    the new incumbent.

#### hīn jīm tó̤ cò̤ sĭm-mûeh?

    What is the present incumbent doing?

#### côiⁿ jīm sĭ tī-tîang?

    Who was the former incumbent?

#### cīeⁿ jīm sĭ sèⁿ mih kâi?

    What was the surname of the previous incumbent?

#### cí jīm kuaⁿ hó̤ mē?

    Is the present magistrate a good one?

#### i khṳ̀ cih sin jīm;

    he has gone to take the seals of a new office.

#### cē kàu jīm, cū lí-kẃn lí sṳ̄;

    as soon as he arrived at his post he devoted himself to the transaction of business.

#### sìa jīm ău kàu taⁿ jîeh kú?

    How long is it since he resigned his office?

#### ŭ jīm-só̤;

    has a position.

#### ŭ jīm a bô̤?

    Has he any office?

#### keh ceh, lâu jīm;

    to degrade, and yet retain in office.

#### phang tăi-ke khṳ̀ lâu jīm;

    get a remonstrance from the people against his going out of office.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jiet
### jîet

* 熱jîet2938611
* Heat; fever; warm; ardent.

#### jîet căi;

    feverish; restless.

#### thiⁿ-sî íam-jîet;

    the weather is very hot.

#### sú-jîet kâi sî-hāu;

    in the hot season.

#### hṳ́ kò̤ lāu-jîet;

    there is much bustle there.

#### lāu-lāu jîet-jîet kâi sî-hāu;

    in times of great excitement and activity.

#### hṳ́ kâi tī-hng sĭm sĭ jîet-lāu;

    that place is one where there is a great deal going on.

#### lāu-lāu jîet-jîet, bŏi ko-cio;

    many people coming and going, and no quietude.

#### màiⁿ kúaⁿ nâng tó̤ lāu-jîet;

    do not mix yourself up in their affairs.

#### i nŏ̤ nâng sĭm sĭ chin-jîet;

    the two are ardently attached to each other.

#### i ŏi hwt jîet a bŏi?

    Does he have fever?

#### cak sie-jîet;

    has a fever.

#### hŵn-lío ŭ jîet-khì;

    there is still warmth in it.

#### huang-lô tó̤ jîet;

    the earthen stove is heated.

#### tîeh méⁿ-méⁿ cîah i jîet thò̤;

    must quickly take something to reduce the fever.

#### úa mông tîeh i kâi chíu-tói ŏi jîet;

    I find his hands very hot in the palm.

#### chàu-jîet kâi mûeh, m̄-hó̤ cîah;

    do not eat what is heating.

#### i kâi tn̂g thìaⁿ, tó jîet;

    he has pain and inflammation in his bowels.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jie
### jīe

* 尿jīe632444
* Urine.

#### pàng jīe;

    to urinate.

#### jīe-pau;

    the bladder.

#### jīe lô̤-lô̤, m̄ cheng;

    turbid urine.

#### bŏi pàng jīe;

    retention of urine.

#### chūa jīe; jīe chūa cêk mîn-chn̂g;

    to wet the bed.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jih
### jîh

* 掗jîh1068648
* To urge one to accept.

#### jîh kàu nâ-pn̄g-kùa ka-lâuh;

    press a gift upon one, till the cover of the basket falls off.

#### jîh i siu, i to m̄ khéng siu;

    urged him to accept it, but he would not.

#### lṳ́ mín-ēng cài-saⁿ jîh, úa íⁿ-keng siu lío;

    you need not urge me again and again to accept some, I have already accepted some.
* 按jîh622646
* To press upon with the hand.

#### jîh kíu;

    press it tightly.

#### jîh m̄ lô̤h;

    I cannot press it in.

#### jîh i jîp khṳ̀;

    press it in.

#### lṳ́ kâi chíu cai jîh, màiⁿ pun huang chue cáu;

    press your hand upon it, and do not let the wind blow it away.

#### chíu jîh tŏ̤ i thâu-khak;

    pressed his hand upon his head.

#### i kâi sim-kuaⁿ-thâu jîh tîeh pok-pok kìe;

    when you lay your hand on his chest you can feel it throb.

#### jîh lô̤h cē;

    press it down a little.

#### m̄-hó̤ jîh khah thíam;

    do not press it too hard.

#### jîh cŭ;

    stop it by pressing the hand upon it.
* 卄jîh300241
* Twenty; a score.

#### jîh gūa nâng;

    more than a score of people.

#### lṳ́ táng jîh sûn cìaⁿ lâi;

    wait till the last ten days of the month, then come.

#### jîh-sì ngŏ kâi pang-bó̤;

    about the twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth of the month.

#### jîh gūa hùe lío;

    over twenty years old.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jip
### jip

* 入jîp299110
* To enter; to enter upon; to put in.

#### cía hùe sĭ àiⁿ jîp kháu kâi a sĭ àiⁿ chut kháu kâi?

    Are these goods for importation or for exportation?

#### mûeh hó̤, siu jîp cí lâi;

    when you have done them all up, put them in here. ​

#### sûi nâng to sĭ chut jîp cí kâi mn̂g;

    everybody goes in and out at this door.

#### seng-lí to̤ bô̤ cîⁿ hó̤ jîp;

    there is nothing coming in from the business.

#### cìeⁿ-sî bô̤ mih cîⁿ jîp chíu;

    there is but little money coming in lately.

#### cē ŭ cîⁿ jîp chíu cū sàng-hâiⁿ lṳ́;

    as soon as I have any money in hand I will pay you.

#### i thiaⁿ ūe to thiaⁿ m̄ jîp hĭⁿ;

    what he hears does not enter into his mind.

#### m̄ sie jîp;

    incongruous.

#### lṳ́ tîeh cai jîp sìo;

    you must remember to enter it in account.

#### tiang-sî àiⁿ jîp húe?

    When are you to begin to live in that house?

#### i tó̤ chut kuaⁿ jîp hú;

    he has official visitors coming and going.

#### i thóiⁿ khṳ̀ jîp sîn;

    he has studied it till he is versed in it.

#### só̤ jîp put hu só̤ chut;

    his income is not equal to his outlay?

#### tîeh lĭang jîp ûi chut;

    estimate your income to see what you can expend.

#### i tiang-sî jîp ô̤h?

    When does he enter school?

#### jîp sìu-châi kàu taⁿ jîeh kú?

    How long is it since he took his degree of A.M.?

#### thóiⁿ m̄ jîp mâk;

    it does not please my eye.

#### thóiⁿ tit jîp mâk;

    pleasing to the eye.

#### i cho̤h ūe tàⁿ khṳ̀ jîp chêng jîp lí;

    what he said was reasonable.

#### bô̤ i jîp lâi;

    will not allow him to enter.

#### àiⁿ jîp mîⁿ;

    will stuff it with cotton.

#### jîp côiⁿ mn̂g a jîp ău mn̂g?

    Did he go in by the front door or by the back door?

#### jîp lâi cí lăi cŏ̤;

    come in here and sit down.

#### cí-kò̤ hó̤ jîp khṳ̀ mē?

    Can we go in here?

#### cò̤-pû jîp lâi thóiⁿ;

    go in together and see.

#### cò̤-nî bŏi tit jîp?

    Why will it not go in?

#### kōi-kōi cū jîp;

    it will go in easily.

#### jîp kong-hŭe;

    enter a club.

#### ngî jîp, put ngî chut;

    takes in but does not give out.

#### tāⁿ jîp bô̤ tāⁿ chut;

    makes mistakes in his own favour but not otherwise.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jieh
### jiêh

* 幾jîeh333529
* An interrogation; how; very many.

#### kàu hṳ́ kò̤ jîeh hn̆g?

    How far is it there?

#### lṳ́ àiⁿ jîeh tōa kâi?

    How large an one do you want?

#### thàm thóiⁿ ŭ jîeh chim;

    probe it and see how deep it is.

#### nîe thóiⁿ jîeh khuah;

    measure it and see how wide it is.

#### i jîeh cōi hùe?

    How old is he?

#### m̄ cai i jîeh cōi hùe;

    do not know how old he is.

#### i ŭ jîeh cōi kâi kíaⁿ?

    How many children has she?

#### bói kàu taⁿ ŭ jîeh kú lío?

    How long ago did you buy it?

#### i to siu ŭ jîeh cōi cîⁿ tŏ̤ kò̤, cò̤-nî m̄ hàuⁿ hâiⁿ ​úa?

    He is all the time taking in ever so much money, so why will he not pay me?

#### íⁿ-keng lâi jîeh kú lío hẃn-lío tàⁿ m̄ pat tò̤ khṳ̀;

    came ever so long ago and is still unable to talk.

#### úa bô̤ jîeh cōi;

    I have no great number.

#### téng thóiⁿ jîeh tăng;

    weigh it and see how heavy it is.
# Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/jien
### jîen

* 然jîen285868
* An adverbial particle, implying it is so.

#### cṳ̆-jîen;

    of course; naturally; certainly.

#### cṳ̆-cṳ̆ jîen-jîen;

    just so; to be sure.

#### kúaⁿ-jîen;

    really; truly.

#### cṳ̆ jîen jṳ̂ jîen;

    self-existent; underived; it comes of itself.

#### cò̤ lâi cṳ̆-jîen căi;

    it is made so as to look very natural.

#### hut-jîen cū bô̤ khṳ̀;

    suddenly disappeared.

#### cŏ-jîen cū lâi;

    came abruptly or unexpectedly.

#### cí kâi sṳ̄ úa thóiⁿ tîeh būe jîen;

    I look upon this as still uncertain.

#### i kâi ūe to m̄ jîen li;

    what he says is very improbable.

#### put khî-jîen jṳ̂-jîen;

    it came quite unexpectedly.

#### cí kĭaⁿ sṳ̄ i cìeⁿ-seⁿ tàⁿ lṳ́ thoiⁿ jîen a m̄ jîen?

    Do you consider what he says about this probable or improbable?

#### i kà i jîen-ău cìaⁿ ŏi;

    after she has taught him he will be able.

#### só̤-íⁿ-jîen kâi tŏ̤-lí;

    a necessary doctrine.

#### i tháng-jîen cū khṳ̀;

    he went understandingly.

#### pêh kang bô̤ jîen;

    without any apparent reason for it.
* 肖jîen7951303
* Resembling; like.

#### i seⁿ lâi jîen i a bó̤, m̄ jîen i a pĕ;

    he looks like his mother, not like his father.

#### hṳ́ kâi ta-po kâi cū jîen i a pĕ;

    the boy is like his father.

#### nŏ̤ kâi seⁿ lâi jîen căi;

    the two look much alike.

#### lṳ́ thóiⁿ ūe lâi jîen mē?

    Do you think the portrait good?

#### úa thóiⁿ lí jîen;

    I think the likeness good.

#### cía ūe lâi cn̂g kâi m̄ jîen;

    this drawing bears no resemblance to the original.

#### i kâi khẃn jîen-jîen i a-kong;

    his looks and ways are just like his grandfather's.

#### nĕ jîen-jîen;

    an exact counterpart.