OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartlett, William Henry

​BARTLETT, WILLIAM HENRY (1809–1854), topographical draughtsman, was born in Kentish Town, London, on 26 March 1809. In 1823 he was articled to John Britton, the architect, who sent him into Essex, Kent, Bedfordshire, Wiltshire, and other parts of England, to sketch and study from nature. He was afterwards employed in making drawings at Bristol, Gloucester, and Hereford for Britton's ‘Cathedral Antiquities of England,’ 1814–32, and his skill in landscape and scenic effects induced Britton to undertake his ‘Picturesque Antiquities of English Cities,’ which appeared in 1828–30, for which Bartlett made a number of elaborate drawings in various parts of England. He next visited the principal countries of Europe, and afterwards travelled in the East, exploring Turkey, Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and the Arabian desert, for the first time in 1834–5, again in 1842–5, and a third time in 1853. Above a thousand of the drawings which he brought home with him from these tours were engraved and published with descriptive text by Dr. Beattie, who accompanied the artist in some of his voyages and travels, and by others. They formed volumes upon ‘Switzerland,’ 1836; ‘Syria and the Holy Land,’ 1836–8; ‘Holland and Belgium,’ 1837; ‘The Waldenses,’ 1838; ‘Beauties of the Bosphorus,’ 1840; and ‘The Danube,’ 1844. He also made four voyages to the United States and Canada between the years 1836 and 1852, the fruits of which appeared in ‘American Scenery,’ 1840, and ‘Canadian Scenery,’ 1842, with text by N. P. Willis. He contributed also, wholly or in part, the illustrations to Wright's ‘Essex,’ 1831–5, Beattie's ‘Scotland,’ 1838, and Willis and Coyne's ‘Ireland,’ 1842, and used his pencil and his pen with equal skill in the production of the following well-known books: ‘Walks about Jerusalem,’ 1844; ‘Forty Days in the Desert,’ 1848; ‘The Nile-Boat, or Glimpses of Egypt,’ 1849; ‘Gleanings on the Overland Route,’ 1851; ‘Footsteps of Our Lord and His Apostles in Syria, Greece, and Italy,’ 1851; ‘Pictures from Sicily,’ 1853; ‘The Pilgrim Fathers,’ 1853. His last work, ‘Jerusalem Revisited’ (1855), was in the press when the artist died. He edited Sharpe's ‘London Magazine’ from March 1849 to June 1852. Bartlett died on board the French steamer ‘Egyptus,’ on his homeward voyage from the East between Malta and Marseilles, 13 Sept. 1854, and was buried at sea. His drawings were sold by auction by Messrs. Southgate and Barrett in the following year.
R. E. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartlett, Benjamin

​BARTLETT, BENJAMIN (1714–1787), numismatical and topographical writer, was of an old-established quaker family at Bradford, Yorkshire, where his father was an apothecary, having for his apprentice the afterwards celebrated Dr. Fothergill. At an early age Bartlett showed a great aptitude for antiquarian pursuits, and leaving Bradford, he removed to London, where he set up an apothecary's business for himself in Red Lion Street. This, however, he was eventually obliged to relinquish on account of failing health, resigning it to his partner, Mr. French. In his spare time he formed an extensive collection of English coins and seals from the Saxon time downwards, which, after his death, were sold by auction. His knowledge, too, in the various departments of numismatology was most extensive, and ​we are told that it would have been difficult to find his equal on this subject. In 1764 he was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, and at the time of his death was their treasurer. His only literary venture was a memoir on the ‘Episcopal Coins of Durham, and the Monastic Coins of Reading, minted during the reigns of Edward I, II, and III, appropriated to their respective owners,’ this having been the substance of a paper read before the Society of Antiquaries on 5 March 1778. He had, however, prepared for publication ‘Manduessedum Romanorum,’ or ‘The History and Antiquities of the Parish of Manceter,’ afterwards printed in Nichols's ‘Topographical Antiquities.’ He also received the public thanks of Dr. Nash for the valuable communications he contributed to the ‘History of Worcestershire,’ and Gough, in his prospectus prefixed to the ‘History of Thetford,’ published in 1789, acknowledges himself to have been indebted to ‘that able master, Mr. Benjamin Bartlett,’ for the arrangement of the coins. He died of dropsy on 2 March 1787, at the age of 73, and was interred in the quakers' burying-ground at Hartshill, Warwickshire.
T. F. T. D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartlett, Thomas

Date of death 1872 in the ODNB.
​BARTLETT, THOMAS (1789–1864), theological writer, was born in 1789, was educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, and graduated B.A. 1813, and M.A. 1816. He held the living of Kingstone, near Canterbury, from 1816 to 1852; he was then preferred to Chevening, near Sevenoaks; in 1854 to Luton, Bedfordshire; in 1857 to Burton Latimer, Northamptonshire; in 1832 he was one of the six preachers of Canterbury Cathedral. While at Kingstone he produced a succession of pamphlets, letters, and sermons, maintaining evangelical tenets. He married a great-great-niece of Bishop Butler, the author of the ‘Analogy,’ and published a ‘Memoir of the Life, Character, and Writings of Bishop Butler’ (1839); followed by an index to the ‘Analogy’ (1842). He died in 1864.
A. G-n.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartholomew (d.1193)

​BARTHOLOMEW, Saint (d. 1193), was a Northumbrian hermit of some celebrity, who flourished in the twelfth century. His life was most probably written by Galfrid, the author of the biography of St. Godric, and a monk of Bartholomew's own monastery of St. Mary at Durham. In any case, it professes to be written in the lifetime of the saint's contemporaries. According to this life, Bartholomew was born at Witeb or Whitby. His real name, we are told, was Tostius (Tostig?), which his parents changed to William to avoid the laughter of his playmates. After an early life of trifling and scurrility, a vision of Christ so far sobered him as to lead him to wander abroad among strange nations, till at last he found himself in Norway, which had so lately been christianised by the help of English missionaries. Here the bishop ordained him, first deacon, and then priest. After three years Bartholomew returned to England, and, having for some little time served in a Northumbrian church, joined the monks at Durham. Thence, in obedience to an apparition of St. Cuthbert, he went to Farne. On reaching Farne he found it already occupied by a monk named Ebwin, who with much reluctance withdrew in favour of Bartholomew. The new hermit's life was one of the strictest asceticism. The fame of his sanctity was soon spread abroad throughout the north. For all his guests he supplied food, and, though not eating himself, would enter into conversation with them over their meal. In 1162 his solitude was broken by the arrival of the prior Thomas, whose company was so little to Bartholomew's relish that he left the island and once more joined his old confraternity at Durham, till the united prayers of the brothers, the new prior, and the bishop, at last induced him to return. When, in about a year, Thomas died, Bartholomew was once more alone, and continued so till ​his death, which appears to have happened on St. John's Day in 1193. Round his death-bed were gathered many monks, especially from the Scotch abbey of Coldingham, whose brethren, we are told, were very dear to him, and whom he requested to bury him in the island where he had now spent more than forty-two years of his life, ‘for the place is holy.’ The date of St. Bartholomew's death may be considered as fairly certain. From incidental remarks in the contemporary life the Bollandist fathers have made the calculation that it cannot have been in any other year than 1182 or 1193, and this later date agrees very well with the words of the narrative. For we are told that Bartholomew commenced his hermit's life during the priorship of Laurence, and continued in this state for forty-two years and six months, till his death. As Laurence is admitted to have entered on his office in 1149, and to have relinquished it in 1154, he would have been ruling St. Mary's at the beginning of 1151, a time which will give us 24 June 1193 exactly as the date of Bartholomew's death.
T. A. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartleman, James

​BARTLEMAN, JAMES (1769–1821), vocalist, born 19 Sept. 1769, was educated under Dr. Cooke, of Westminster, and became a chorister in the abbey. He distinguished himself even as a boy singer, and by his gentle, amiable disposition, became a great favourite not only with his master, but also with Sir John Hawkins, whose daughter, in her 'Anecdotes,' mentions him frequently, and always with the highest admiration, not only of his talents, but of his character. He made his first appearance as a bass singer in 1788 at the Ancient Concerts, and he kept up his connection with that institution, with only one break, until he was compelled by ill-health to resign. During the seasons 1791–1795, he quitted the Ancient Concerts for the newly established vocal concerts, where he held the post of leading bass. Though he is usually called a bass singer, his voice seems to have had rather the character of a baritone, for a contemporary critic (London Magazine for 1820) speaks of its being ​incomparably more agreeable and effective than a bass, and also compares it to the violoncello. His compass was of unusual extent, from E below the bass stave to G above it. The same critic tells us that his intonation was wonderfully true, and that his richness and equality of tone resulted in part from his peculiarities of pronunciation; as instances of which, the words ‘die’ and ‘smile’ are given as ‘doy’ and ‘smawele.’ He had the good sense to perceive the wonderful beauties of Purcell's solos, and in one season he revived nearly all those bass songs which are now the best known specimens of the composer's work. Drs. Callcott and Crotch wrote songs especially for him. He was a beautiful copyist of music, as is shown by a copy of Marenzio's madrigals made by him, which is now in the British Museum. In the ‘London Magazine’ of April 1821, we read that he is too ill to sing, but hopes are held out of his recovery from the disease to which he had long been subject. But on 15 April he died; he was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey.
J. A. F. M.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bartlet, John

​BARTLET, JOHN (fl. 1662), nonconformist divine, was educated at the university of Cambridge, where he enjoyed the friendship of Dr. Sibbes. The authorities are divided as to whether he was the father or the brother of William Bartlet of Bideford. He appears to have been of a somewhat morbid habit of mind, as he is said to have been compelled to abandon the study of anatomy, in which he engaged while at Cambridge, owing to a monomaniacal aversion to food, induced by familiarity with the internal structure of the human gullet. Having entered the church he obtained the living of St. Thomas's, Exeter, being then in high favour with Bishop Hall. Subsequently he was collated to the rectory of St. Mary Major in the same city, which he retained until 1662, when he was deprived for nonconformity. Notwithstanding his ejectment, he continued to reside in Exeter, preaching as he found opportunity. He died in extreme old age, at what precise date is not known. He was a conscientious and laborious preacher, and the author of some works of a devotional and doctrinal character. His chief books are entitled: ‘A Summary View of the chief Heads of practical Divinity,’ 8vo, 1670, and ‘Directions for right receiving the Lord's Supper,’ 8vo, 1679.
J. M. R.
# Creole Sketches/Voices of Dawn

VOICES OF DAWN
A dreadful sound is in his ears. — Job xv, 21.
There have never been so many fruit-peddlers and viand-peddlers of all sorts as at the present time — an encouraging sign of prosperity and the active circulation of money.
With the first glow of sunlight the street resounds with their cries; and, really, the famous "Book of London Cries" contains ​nothing more curious than some of these vocal advertisements — these musical announcements, sung by Italians, negroes, Frenchmen, and Spaniards. The vendor of fowls pokes in his head at every open window with cries of "Chick-en, Ma-damma, Chick-en!" and the seller of "Lem-ons — fine Lem-ons!" follows in his footsteps. The peddlers of "Ap-pulls!" of "Straw-bare-eries!" and "Black-Brees!" — all own sonorous voices. There is a handsome Italian with a somewhat ferocious pair of black eyes, who sells various oddities, and has adopted the word "lagniappe" for his war-cry — pronouncing it Italianwise.
He advances noiselessly to open windows and doors, plunges his blazing black glance into the interior, and suddenly queries in a deep bass, like a clap of thunder, "Lagniappa, Madam-a! — la-gniap-pa!" Then there is the Cantelope ​Man, whose cry is being imitated by all the children:
"Cantel-lope-ah! Fresh and fine, Jus from the vine, Only a dime!"
There are also two peddlers, the precise meaning of whose cries we have never been able to determine. One shouts, or seems to shout, "A-a-a-a-ah! She got." Just what "She got" we gave not yet been able to determine; but we fancy it must be disagreeable, as the crier's rival always shouts—"I-I-I!—I want nothing!" with a tremendous emphasis on the I. There is another fellow who seems to shout something which is not exactly proper for modest ears to hear; but he is really only announcing that he has fine potatoes for sale. Then there is the Clothespole Man, whose musical, quavering cry is heard at the distance of miles on ​a clear day, " Clo-ho-ho-ho-ho-ho-ho-ho-se-poles!" As a trilling tenor he is simply marvelous. The "Coaly-coaly" Man, a merry little Gascon, is too well known as a singer to need any criticism; but he is almost ubiquitous. There is also the fig-seller, who crieth in such a manner that his "Fresh figs!" seems to be "Ice crags!" And the fan-sellers, who intend to call, "Cheap fans!" but who really seem to yell "Jap-ans!" and "Chapped hands!" Then there is the seller of "Towwells" and the sellers of "Ochre-A" who appear to deal in but one first-class quality of paint, if we dare believe the mendacious sounds which reach our ears; neither must we forget the vendors of "Tom-ate-toes!" Whose toes? we should like to know.
These are new cries, with perhaps three exceptions; — with the old cries added to the list — the "calas" and the "plaisir" and other Creole calls, we might "spread ​out" over another column. If any one has a little leisure and a little turn for amusement, he can certainly have plenty of fun while listening to the voices of the peddlers entering his room together with the first liquid gold of sunrise.
THE END
# Creole Sketches/Whited Sepulchres

WHITED SEPULCHRES
It is rather ghastly to have death in the midst of life as we have it in New Orleans; but ghastlier when it is presented without even the ordinary masks. The skeleton of our public closet is exposed to broad daylight. Are we becoming like the Orientals who never repair? — do we accept all things with the fatalistic Kismet? Our ​bat-haunted prisons and our ruined cemeteries seem to answer in the affirmative.
They are hideous Golgothas, these old intramural cemeteries of ours. In other cities the cemeteries are beautiful with all that the art of the gardener and the sculptor can give. They are often beautiful parks, in which shafts of rosy granite or pale marble rise in pleasant relief against a background of ornamental shrubbery; — birds are singing in the trees; — flowers are growing upon the gently swelling eminences which mark the sleep of the dead. There horror is masked and hidden. Here it glares at us with empty sockets.
The tombs are fissured, or have caved in, or have crumbled down into shapeless masses of brick and mortar; — the plaster, falling away, betrays the hollow mockery of the frail monuments; — the vases are full of green water and foulness; — the ​flowers are dying in their coffins of glass; — the crawfish undermine the walls to fatten upon what is hidden within; — and instead of birds, the tombs are haunted by lizards.
If we must have intramural cemeteries, at least let them be worthy of a civilized people. As they are, they are nightmares.
# Creole Sketches/Why Crabs are Boiled Alive

WHY CRABS ARE BOILED ALIVE
And for why you not have of crab? Because one must dem boil 'live? It is all vat is of most beast to tell so. How you make for dem kill so you not dem boil? You not can cut dem de head off, for dat dey have not of head. You not can break to dem de back, for dat dey not be only all back. You not can dem bleed until dey die, for dat dey not have blood. You not can stick to dem troo de brain, for dat dey be same like you — dey not have of brain.
# Crescent Cotton Oil Company v. Mississippi

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
257 U.S. 129
Crescent Cotton Oil Company v. Mississippi
Argued: Oct. 17, 1921. --- Decided: Nov 14, 1921
Messrs. J. B. Harris, of Jackson, Miss., and Thomas A. Evans, of Memphis, Tenn., for plaintiff in error.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 130-132 intentionally omitted]
Frank Roberson, of Jackson, Miss., for the State of Mississippi.
Mr. Justice CLARKE delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Crescent City Live-Stock Landing & Slaughter-House Company v. Butchers' Union Slaughter-House & Live-Stock Landing Company

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
120 U.S. 141
Crescent City Live-Stock Landing & Slaughter-House Company v. Butchers' Union Slaughter-House & Live-Stock Landing Company
Wm. A. Maury and Robert Mott, for plaintiff in error.
B. R. Forman and E. H. McCalet, for defendant in error.
MATTHEWS, J.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Creole Sketches/Washerwomen

WASHERWOMEN
The washerwoman is a creature of which there are various species.
There is the washerwoman who works very cheap; but who never gives you back your own socks or undershirts; and the exchange is invariably to your disadvantage.
There is the washerwoman who makes ​it a rule of life to wash off all the buttons of your shirts and pull all the strings off your drawers and never dreams of putting them on again. This washerwoman charges like sixty.
There is the washerwoman who puts the thinnest kind of starch in your shirts, so that they become limp rags after being worn an hour. This kind of washerwoman gets rich fast. She has an eye to business.
Then there is the washerwoman who promises to bring your clothes at a certain hour, and never does so under any possible circumstance.
But there is also the good, honest, industrious, prompt, and motherly or sisterly washerwoman who puts buttons on your shirts and darns up your socks and does not charge extra therefor.
We looked for such a washerwoman for two years before we found her. Now we wouldn't give her up for a small fortune. ​If washerwomen have their faults, it must be remembered they have their trials and afflictions. Many of them have been spoiled by bad treatment.
There is no sort of thieving so contemptible as to beat one's washerwoman; but we doubt if any other class of working-people are so much victimized.
It is pretty rough to labor hard all the week, working until one is ready to drop down with fatigue; obliged to watch changes of weather; obliged sometimes when a clothes-line breaks to do all the work over again; obliged to furnish one's own soap and starch and blueing; —
And then to carry the work to those who ordered it, — all nice and clean and pretty, — expecting to receive the just reward of one's labor; —
But, on the contrary, to receive nothing but lying promises and sometimes even hard words; — ​And then to go home hungry; and to sit down and cry because there is not a cent in the house!
No wonder the poor women often say it is better to be a sieve than a washerwoman.
No wonder that washerwomen should sometimes feel disgusted with their work, and cease all effort to try and please, and tear off buttons and pull off drawer strings with rage and fury.
It isn't their fault if they are not always angels.
# Desperate Remedies (Hardy)/Part 7/Chapter 2
## 2. AUGUST THE TWENTIETH

On the Saturday subsequent to Mr. Nyttleton's visit to Knapwater House, the subjoined advertisement appeared in the Field and the Builder newspapers:--
'A gentleman of integrity and professional skill is required immediately for the MANAGEMENT of an ESTATE, containing about 1000 acres, upon which agricultural improvements and the erection of buildings are contemplated. He must be a man of superior education, unmarried, and not more than thirty years of age. Considerable preference will be shown for one who possesses an artistic as well as a practical knowledge of planning and laying out. The remuneration will consist of a salary of 220 pounds, with the old manor-house as a residence--Address Messrs. Nyttleton and Tayling, solicitors, Lincoln's Inn Fields.'
A copy of each paper was sent to Miss Aldclyffe on the day of publication. The same evening she told Cytherea that she was advertising for a steward, who would live at the old manor-house, showing her the papers containing the announcement.
What was the drift of that remark? thought the maiden; or was it merely made to her in confidential intercourse, as other arrangements were told her daily. Yet it seemed to have more meaning than common. She remembered the conversation about architects and surveyors, and her brother Owen. Miss Aldclyffe knew that his situation was precarious, that he was well educated and practical, and was applying himself heart and soul to the details of the profession and all connected with it. Miss Aldclyffe might be ready to take him if he could compete successfully with others who would reply. She hazarded a question:
'Would it be desirable for Owen to answer it?'
'Not at all,' said Miss Aldclyffe peremptorily.
A flat answer of this kind had ceased to alarm Cytherea. Miss Aldclyffe's blunt mood was not her worst. Cytherea thought of another man, whose name, in spite of resolves, tears, renunciations and injured pride, lingered in her ears like an old familiar strain. That man was qualified for a stewardship under a king.
'Would it be of any use if Edward Springrove were to answer it?' she said, resolutely enunciating the name.
'None whatever,' replied Miss Aldclyffe, again in the same decided tone.
'You are very unkind to speak in that way.'
'Now don't pout like a goosie, as you are. I don't want men like either of them, for, of course, I must look to the good of the estate rather than to that of any individual. The man I want must have been more specially educated. I have told you that we are going to London next week; it is mostly on this account.'
Cytherea found that she had mistaken the drift of Miss Aldclyffe's peculiar explicitness on the subject of advertising, and wrote to tell her brother that if he saw the notice it would be useless to reply.
# Desperate Remedies (Hardy)/Part 8
## VIII. THE EVENTS OF EIGHTEEN DAYS

    1. FROM THE THIRD TO THE NINETEENTH OF SEPTEMBER
    2. SEPTEMBER THE TWENTIETH. THREE TO FOUR P.M.
    3. FOUR TO FIVE P.M.
    4. FIVE TO SIX P.M.
    5. SIX TO SEVEN P.M.