OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oregon Historical Quarterly/Volume 60/Review: Hudson's Bay Copy Booke of Letters, Commissions, Instructions Outward, 1688-1696

This volume has little significance for the historian of the Pacific Northwest, except as he is interested in the formative years of the Company which later played so important a role in the region. The documents are among the few that survived the era and in a sense have a scarcity value. The terminal dates "are set by the accidental arrangement of the letters of 1688 to 1696 in a single book in the Hudson's Bay Company's archives; they do not define a period." (xiii) Furthermore the contents do not add materially to the definition of the issues which confronted the Company and which were set forth in preceding volumes of Minutes and Letters. The solutions that were worked out for the problems of war and peace with the French, protection against private interlopers, the status of royal monopoly after the Revolution, and continuing solvency, must wait on volumes yet to come. We do find in the instructions interesting comments that throw light on such practical matters as learning to live in the Hudson's Bay country, and curtailing private trading practises on the part of personnel. Other items sometimes reveal the frustrations and concern of the Committee so far and so long away from the sphere of its responsibilities.
In a splendid introduction Mr. K. G. Davies briefly surveys the situation of the Company in these years, and with unobtrusive expertise analyses the risky financial predicament of investments. "It is impossible to avoid the conclusion that the years under review saw deterioration in the affairs of the Hudson's Bay Company. The bright promise of the first decade of its history did not mature." (lxi) But the Company survived. Considering the histories of other trading corporations during the same critical era of changing economic policies, one must agree with Mr. Davies that "even survival was an achievement ...
While one might feel that precious publication moneys and time might have been used to better advantage on documents of greater value for eager scholars, it is well to bear in mind that, as it presently stands, the editor's policy is making available the whole collection rather than se lected bits. One can then accept gracefully every volume that moves toward this end. Too, since "significance" is so relative to the questions we ask, who knows but what someone might ask a brilliant question for which this volume contains the significant clue to a brilliant answer?
Dorothy O. Johansen Reed College
# Oregon Historical Quarterly/Volume 60/Oregon

From inside front cover of the March number. From the contents: "A Centennial appreciation by the poet and essayist, a graduate of Lincoln High School (1917) with three degrees from Harvard— A.B., A.M., and L.H.D."
OREGON
The end of the world's most famous trail is Oregon, and argument might be assembled to show that a region first glimpsed by a Portuguese sailor in 1542, pioneered more than two and a half centuries later, granted statehood in 1859, is—if only through refreshing unpredictability at the polls—our best example of democracy at work. In the Lone Fir Cemetery in Portland a babel of markers in many languages is warrant to such thought. In a land of contrasting climates, soils, and crops, the people and opinions of people will differ too. How tremendous—"Where rolls the Oregon!"
In the vast remains of a once vaster Oregon Territory, two decisive mountain ranges and a torrent of rivers determine the position of pawns and castles on the chess board-a sweet and sour mixture of pay dirt, hard pan, agricultural and grazing land, saw-timber, kinetic water, and mineshaft. Taken thus by squares, Oregon is lush and alkali, magnificent and desolate, heart-warming and heart-breaking; the fisherman's paradise and squatter's despair; one of the world's great orchards; a game preserve, rain forest, desert, placer ruin, and manzanita thicket; flyway for ducks and geese. The traveller remembers Mt. Hood, the Bonneville Dam, roses and apple-blossoms, rhapsodic Crater Lake, and the majestic sweep of the Columbia River east and west at Crown Point high above it. He also remembers that the people everywhere are neighbors and friendly.
It would take a northwest Sibelius to sing the symphony of Chinook from Table Rock and ghost town to the John Day country or the wheat-field geometry of Grand Ronde Valley; from the sea-lion coast to the vertical Cascades; from the running of the salmon and steelhead to the quicksilver life in shelving waters, or the sound of blue grouse exploding in high timber. New England set her stamp on Oregon's architecture of the north, and journeyman carpenters made the shanty-towns. But the true poetry of Oregon red man and white persists in the names of rivers, districts, and places: Clackamas, Klamath, Willamette, Umpqua, Yamhill, Tualatin, Deschutes, Rogue River, Umatilla, Llao Rock, Wagontire, Siskiyou, Multnomah, Tillamook, Scappoose, Owyhee, and Necanicum.
David McCord Cambridge, Mass.
# Oregon Historical Quarterly/Volume 60/Review: Dictionary of Oregon History

Book Reviews
In the decade of the 1930s a considerable amount of historical material dealing with Oregon was assembled under the direction of Verne Bright, Howard McKinley Corning and the late Claire Warner Churchill. This historical gathering and research project was sponsored by the Oregon State Library and the publishing firm of Binfords and Mort. The project was abandoned because of World War II and the material deposited in the State Library at Salem.
Mr. Corning began to re-work the material in the fifties. He added some research results of his own and incorporated some additional references. The result is the Dictionary of Oregon History.
The book will be found especially valuable by journalists, teachers and folklorists. The historian working on a research project will not find much that he does not know already. For the person seeking an individual's identity and chronological place in the story of Oregon, the Dictionary of Oregon History provides a quick and easy reference help. As Mr. Corning mentions in his foreword, however, there are unintentional omissions.
In addition to being a biographical dictionary, the book is encyclopedic in that it includes items relating to Indian tribes, folkways, places and industry. Probably these entries could have been best treated in separate subsequent volumes. Following each entry are references that may be used for further reading. Sometimes there may be an assumption on the part of the reader that the reference is also a source. This is not always the case. An instance in point is the item titled "Appaloosa Horse," with F. Haines' The Nez Perces cited as a reference.
The style of the book is interesting and most of the entries are well written. Some have literary embellishments, however, somewhat at variance with the sparce, informative style usually found in reference books of this sort. This is easily understood when one recalls that three novelists, three poets, one folklorist, and a journalist or two wrote up the subjects originally.
It should be noted that there is some imbalance in the treatment of persons. For example, Thomas Milton Gatch, a notable figure in the history of college education in Oregon gets thirteen lines while Stephen Hall Meek comes up with twenty-seven.
This reviewer feels that the Dictionary of Oregon History is valuable because it represents a start in the right direction. We have too few refer ence books dealing with Pacific Northwest history and any addition is welcome. It can be assumed that future editions will be published and that many of the oversights and misinterpretations in this edition will be corrected.
During this Centennial year interest in Oregon history is high and the Dictionary of Oregon History will be in detmand in libraries and schools. It should have a place beside the well known book by McArthur dealing with Oregon place-names.
The book contains a facsimile of the signatures of the men who signed the statehood Constitution of 1857. It is hoped that future editions will include a map of the Old Oregon Country.
ARTHUR SAMUEL TAYLOR Southern Oregon College
# Philosophy and Fun of Algebra

PHILOSOPHY AND FUN OF ALGEBRA
Works by
MARY EVEREST BOOLE
C. W. DANIEL.
CLARENDON PRESS.
PHILOSOPHY & FUN OF ALGEBRA
BY
MARY EVEREST BOOLE AUTHOR OF "PREPARATION OF THE CHILD FOR SCIENCE," ETC.
LONDON C. W. DANIEL 11 CURSITOR STREET, E.C.
909
To
BASIL AND MARGARET
My Dear Children,
A young monkey named Genius picked a green walnut, and bit, through a bitter rind, down into a hard shell. He then threw the walnut away, saying: "How stupid people are! They told me walnuts are good to eat."
His grandmother, whose name was Wisdom, picked up the walnut peeled off the rind with her fingers, cracked the shell, and shared the kernel with her grandson, saying: "Those get on best in life who do not trust to first impressions."
In some old books the story is told differently; the grand-mother is called Mrs Cunning-Greed, and she eats all the kernel herself. Fables about the Cunning-Greed family are written to make children laugh. It is good for you to laugh; it makes you grow strong, and gives you the habit of understanding jokes and not being made miserable by them. But take care not to believe such fables; because, if you believe them, they give you bad dreams.
MARY EVEREST BOOLE.
January 1909.
CONTENTS
| CHAP. | | PAGE |
| 1. | FROM ARITHMETIC TO ALGEBRA | 9 |
| 2. | THE MAKING OF ALGEBRAS | 15 |
| 3. | SIMULTANEOUS PROBLEMS | 19 |
| 4. | PARTIAL SOLUTIONS AND THE PROVISIONAL ELIMINATION OF ELEMENTS OF COMPLEXITY | 23 |
| 5. | MATHEMATICAL CERTAINTY AND REDUCTIO AD ABSURDUM | 26 |
| 6. | THE FIRST HEBREW ALGEBRA | 29 |
| 7. | HOW TO CHOOSE OUR HYPOTHESES | 37 |
| 8. | THE LIMITS OF THE TEACHER'S FUNCTION | 46 |
| 9. | THE USE OF SEWING CARDS | 51 |
| 10. | THE STORY OF A WORKING HYPOTHESIS | 55 |
| 11. | MACBETH'S MISTAKE | 61 |
| 12. | JACOB'S LADDER | 67 ​ |
| 13. | THE GREAT X OF THE WORLD | 69 |
| 14. | GO OUT OF MY CLASS-ROOM | 73 |
| 15. | √-1 | 77 |
| 16. | INFINITY | 80 |
| 17. | FROM BONDAGE TO FREEDOM | 84 |
| | APPENDIX | 89 |
# Philosophy and Fun of Algebra/Appendix

APPENDIX.
The essential element of Algebra:—the habitual registration of the exact limits of one's knowledge, the incessant calling into consciousness of the fact of one's own ignorance, is the element which Boole's would-be interpreters have left out of his method. It is also the element which modern Theosophy omits in its interpretation of ancient Oriental Mind Science.
Men who wish to exploit other men fear nothing in logic or science except this element. They fear nothing in earth, heaven, or hell, so much as a public accustomed to realise exactly how much has been proved and where its own ignorance begins. Exploiters fear this about equally, whether they call themselves priests, schoolmasters, college dons, political leaders, or organisers of syndicates and trusts.
As long as general readers can be kept from the habit of registering at every step the fact of their own ignorance and the limits if their own knowledge, a clever charlatan can deceive them about anything he pleases:—"from pitch-and-toss to manslaughter"; from Zero to Infinity; from the contents of a meat tin to the contents of an engineer's report; from the ​interpretation of a bill before Parliament to the interpretation of Isaiah.
Once get any fair proportion of the public into the steady habit of algebraising ignorance, and you will have done much towards reducing all kinds of parasitic creatures to the alternative of starvation, suicide or earning their own living by rendering some kind of real service to the organism which supports them.
# Philosophy

* Search for titles containing or beginning with: "Philosophy."
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This is a disambiguation page. It lists works that share the same title. If an article link referred you here, please consider editing it to point directly to the intended page.
* Philosophy, an alternative title to Letitia Elizabeth Landon's poem Life's Mask
* "Philosophy", a poem by Paul Laurence Dunbar.
* Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy, a work by Frederick Denison Maurice
* "Philosophy," in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)
* "Philosophy", a poem by Ella Wheeler Wilcox

### See also:

* Category:Philosophers
* Category:Philosophy
* Portal:General philosophy
# Orlando Furioso (Rose)/Volume 1

Layout 2
THE
ORLANDO FURIOSO
TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE
FROM THE ITALIAN OF
LUDOVICO ARIOSTO
WITH NOTES
BY
WILLIAM STEWART ROSE
VOL. I.
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY ALBEMARLE-STREET
MDCCCXXIII
* Introduction (with Errata for Vol. I)
* Canto I
* Canto II
* Canto III
* Canto IV
* Canto V
* Canto VI
Lately was published, by the same author, printed uniformly with the present work, price 9s. 6d.
THE INNAMORATO
intended as
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FURIOSO
sold by W. Blackwood Edinburgh and
T. Cadell Strand
LONDON:
printed by Thomas Davison, Whitefriars.
# Orlando Furioso (Rose)/Volume 2

Layout 2
THE
ORLANDO FURIOSO
TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE
FROM THE ITALIAN OF
LUDOVICO ARIOSTO
WITH NOTES
BY
WILLIAM STEWART ROSE
VOL. II.
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY ALBEMARLE-STREET
MDCCCXXIV
* Canto VII
* Canto VIII
* Canto IX
* Canto X
* Canto XI
* Canto XII
LONDON:
printed by Thomas Davison, Whitefriars.
# Orlando Furioso (Rose)/Volume 3

Layout 2
THE
ORLANDO FURIOSO
TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE
FROM THE ITALIAN OF
LUDOVICO ARIOSTO
WITH NOTES
BY
WILLIAM STEWART ROSE
VOL. III.
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY ALBEMARLE-STREET
MDCCCXXV
* Canto XIII
* Canto XIV
* Canto XV
* Canto XVI
* Canto XVII
* Canto XVIII
ERRATA.
Page 95, in note 12, for guirato, read giurato. Page121, line 7, for rosy, read reedy. Page137, line 12, for beast, read bust.
Lately was published, by the same author, printed uniformly with the present work, price 9s. 6d.
THE INNAMORATO
intended as
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FURIOSO
sold by W. Blackwood Edinburgh and
T. Cadell Strand
LONDON:
printed by Thomas Davison, Whitefriars.
# Poems (Barrett)/Rhyme of the Duchess May

RHYME OF THE DUCHESS MAY.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Except to heaven, she is nought

XXX.
Except to heaven, she is nought; Except for angels, lone; Except to some wide-wandering bee,
A flower superfluous blown;
Except for winds, provincial; Except by butterflies, Unnoticed as a single dew That on the acre lies.
The smallest housewife in the grass, Yet take her from the lawn, And somebody has lost the face That made existence home!
# Poems (Dickinson)/From the Chrysalis

VI.
FROM THE CHRYSALIS.
My cocoon tightens, colors tease, I'm feeling for the air; A dim capacity for wings Degrades the dress I wear.
A power of butterfly must be The aptitude to fly, Meadows of majesty concedes And easy sweeps of sky.
So I must baffle at the hint And cipher at the sign, And make much blunder, if at last I take the clew divine.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Glee! the great storm is over

V.
Glee! the great storm is over! Four have recovered the land; Forty gone down together Into the boiling sand.
Ring, for the scant salvation! Toll, for the bonnie souls,— Neighbor and friend and bridegroom, Spinning upon the shoals!
How they will tell the shipwreck When winter shakes the door, Till the children ask, "But the forty? Did they come back no more?"
Then a silence suffuses the story, And a softness the teller's eye; And the children no further question, And only the waves reply.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Have you got a brook in your little heart?

IX.
Have you got a brook in your little heart, Where bashful flowers blow, And blushing birds go down to drink, And shadows tremble so?
And nobody knows, so still it flows, That any brook is there; And yet your little draught of life Is daily drunken there.
Then look out for the little brook in March, When the rivers overflow, And the snows come hurrying from the hills, And the bridges often go.
And later, in August it may be, When the meadows parching lie, Beware, lest this little brook of life Some burning noon go dry!
# Poems (Dickinson)/I asked no other thing

XII.
I asked no other thing. No other was denied. I offered Being for it; The mighty merchant smiled.
Brazil? He twirled a button,
Without a glance my way: "But, madam, is there nothing else That we can show to-day?"
# Poems (Dickinson)/Death is a dialogue between

XXXI.
Death is a dialogue between The spirit and the dust. "Dissolve," says Death. The Spirit, "Sir, I have another trust."
Death doubts it, argues from the ground. The Spirit turns away, Just laying off, for evidence, An overcoat of clay.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Dying

XXV.
DYING.
The sun kept setting, setting still; No hue of afternoon Upon the village I perceived,— From house to house 't was noon.
The dusk kept dropping, dropping still; No dew upon the grass, But only on my forehead stopped, And wandered in my face.
My feet kept drowsing, drowsing still, My fingers were awake; Yet why so little sound myself Unto my seeming make?
How well I knew the light before! I could not see it now. 'T is dying, I am doing; but
I'm not afraid to know.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Exclusion

XIII.
EXCLUSION.
The soul selects her own society, Then shuts the door; On her divine majority Obtrude no more.
Unmoved, she notes the chariot's pausing At her low gate; Unmoved, an emperor is kneeling Upon her mat.
I've known her from an ample nation Choose one; Then close the valves to her attention Like stone.
# Poems (Dickinson)/I've seen a dying eye

XV.
I've seen a dying eye Run round and round a room In search of something, as it seemed, Then cloudier become; And then, obscure with fog, And then be soldered down, Without disclosing what it be, 'T were blessed to have seen.
# Poems (Dickinson)/Emancipation

XXXV.
EMANCIPATION.
No rack can torture me, My soul 's at liberty. Behind this mortal bone There knits a bolder one
You cannot prick with saw, Nor rend with scymitar. Two bodies therefore be; Bind one, and one will flee.
The eagle of his nest No easier divest And gain the sky, Than mayest thou.
Except thyself may be Thine enemy; Captivity is consciousness, So 's liberty.
# Oregon Constitution/Article XI-I(2)
## Article XI-I(2)

MULTIFAMILY HOUSING FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED
Sec. 1. State empowered to lend credit for multifamily housing for elderly and disabled persons 2. Sources of revenue 3. Bonds 4. Legislation to effectuate Article
Section 1. State empowered to lend credit for multifamily housing for elderly and disabled persons. In the manner provided by law and notwithstanding the limitations contained in section 7, Article XI of this Constitution, the credit of the State of Oregon may be loaned and indebtedness incurred in an amount not to exceed, at any one time, one-half of one percent of the true cash value of all taxable property in the state to provide funds to be advanced, by contract, grant, loan or otherwise, for the purpose of providing additional financing for multifamily housing for the elderly and for disabled persons. Multifamily housing means a structure or facility designed to contain more than one living unit. Additional financing may be provided to the elderly to purchase ownership interest in the structure or facility. [Created through H.J.R. 61, 1977, and adopted by the people May 23, 1978; Amendment proposed by S.J.R. 34, 1979, and adopted by the people May 20, 1980; Amendment proposed by H.J.R. 1, 1981, and adopted by the people May 18, 1982]
Section 2. Sources of revenue. The bonds shall be payable from contract or loan proceeds; bond reserves; other funds available for these purposes; and, if necessary, state ad valorem taxes. [Created through H.J.R. 61, 1977, and adopted by the people May 23, 1978]
Section 3. Bonds. Bonds issued pursuant to section 1 of this Article shall be the direct obligations of the state and shall be in such form, run for such periods of time and bear such rates of interest as shall be provided by law. The bonds may be refunded with bonds of like obligation. [Created through H.J.R. 61, 1977, and adopted by the people May 23, 1978]
Section 4. Legislation to effectuate Article. The Legislative Assembly shall enact legislation to carry out the provisions of this Article. This Article shall supersede all conflicting constitutional provisions. [Created through H.J.R. 61, 1977, and adopted by the people May 23, 1978]
# Oregon Constitution/Article XI-G
## Article XI-G

HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND ACTIVITIES; COMMUNITY COLLEGES
Sec. 1. State empowered to lend credit for financing higher education institutions and activities, and community colleges 2. Bonds 3. Sources of revenue
Section 1. State empowered to lend credit for financing higher education institutions and activities, and community colleges. (1) Notwithstanding the limitations contained in section 7, Article XI of this Constitution, and in addition to other exceptions from the limitations of such section, the credit of the state may be loaned and indebtedness incurred in an amount not to exceed at any time three-fourths of one percent of the true cash value of all taxable property in the state, as determined by law. (2) Proceeds from any loan authorized or indebtedness incurred under this section shall be used to provide funds with which to construct, improve, repair, equip and furnish those buildings, structures and projects, or parts thereof, and to purchase or improve sites therefor, designated by the Legislative Assembly for higher education institutions and activities or for community colleges authorized by law to receive state aid. (3) The amount of any loan authorized or indebtedness incurred under this section by means of bonds to be issued in any biennium shall not exceed the dollar amount appropriated from the General Fund for the same or similar purposes. Any dollar amounts appropriated to meet the requirements of this subsection shall be specifically designated therefor by the Legislative Assembly. (4) Nothing in this section prevents the financing of buildings, structures and projects, or parts thereof, by a combination of the moneys available under this section, under Article XI-F(1) of this Constitution, and from other lawful sources. However, moneys available under this section shall not be expended on or for any buildings, structures or projects, or parts thereof, that are wholly self-liquidating and self-supporting. [Created through H.J.R. 8, 1963 (s.s.), and adopted by the people May 15, 1964; Amendment proposed by H.J.R. 2, 1967 (s.s.), and adopted by the people May 28, 1968]
Section 2. Bonds. Bonds issued pursuant to this Article shall be the direct general obligations of the state and shall be in such form, run for such periods of time, and bear such rates of interest as the Legislative Assembly provides. Such bonds may be refunded with bonds of like obligation. [Created through H.J.R. 8, 1963 (s.s.), and adopted by the people May 15, 1964]
Section 3. Sources of revenue. Ad valorem taxes shall be levied annually upon the taxable property within the State of Oregon in sufficient amount to provide for the prompt payment of bonds issued pursuant to this Article and the interest thereon. The Legislative Assembly may provide other revenues to supplement or replace, in whole or in part, such tax levies. [Created through H.J.R. 8, 1963 (s.s.), and adopted by the people May 15, 1964]