OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Loefling, Peter

Edition of 1888.
​LOEFLING, Peter, Spanish-American botanist, b. in Tollsforsbro, Sweden, 31 Jan., 1729; d. in the mission of Amaracure, South America, 22 Feb., 1756. He was a pupil of Linnæus, and, when the Spanish ambassador requested the latter to select a botanist for service in the American colonies, the professor at once named Loefling, who left Stockholm in 1751. He remained two years in Spain, and then embarked with other scientists for South America in February, 1754. He had entire charge of the department of natural history, and was assisted by two young Spanish doctors. His premature death was considered a great loss to natural history, and especially to botany. Linnæus believed the loss irreparable. The manuscripts of Loefling, which were found after his death, were preserved by his two assistants. The work that gives an account of his scientific labors in Spanish America is entitled “Iter hispanicum” (Stockholm, 1758; Swedish translation by Linnæus; German translation by Kolpin, Berlin, 1766; English translation by J. G. A. Forster, 1771). Linnæus gave the name Loeflingia to a plant of the caryophillaceous family, one species of which grows in Spain and the other in Spanish America.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Noyes, John Humphrey

Edition of 1900.
​NOYES, John Humphrey, religionist, b. in Brattleborough, Vt., 6 Sept., 1811; d. in Niagara Falls, Canada, 13 April, 1886. He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1830, and studied law, but subsequently took a theological course at Andover and Yale seminaries, and was licensed to preach in 1833. While a theological student he fell under the influence of revivalist preachers, and in 1834 experienced what he called a "second conversion," and announced himself a perfectionist. His license to preach was annulled, and he began to speak and teach on the subject of his new faith, his doctrine being that the existing forms of religion were all wrong, that God possessed a dual body — male and female — and that salvation from sin was a special phase of experience that had for its basis spiritual intercourse with this dual divinity, and was able, even in this life, to perfect its believers. Having founded a community, to whose members he gave the name of Perfectionists, he settled with them in Putnam county, Vt., and for the first twelve years of his ministry confined his labors to them. But, having adopted some of the principles of Fourierism, and induced his followers to attempt the experiment of communal living, he was driven out of Putnam county by the force of public opinion, and in 1848 removed with his followers to Oneida, Madison co., N. Y., and established there what has since been known as the Oneida community. He made many attempts to establish similar organizations, but only two prospered. The one at Oneida consisted in 1874 of 235 members, and that at Wallingford, Conn., of 40. They adopted what they called "complex marriage," maintained the equality of the sexes in social and business life, lived in a "unity house," and engaged in farming and manufactures, owning about $500,000 worth of property. A few years later they were forced to abandon the institution of complex marriage, and their other customs fell into disuse. A few followers still survive (1888), but the community is without a leader and little esteemed in its own locality. Noyes edited the "Oneida Circular" in 1834-'40, in which he promulgated his views, and published "The Second Coming of Christ" (Wallingford, Conn., 1859); "Salvation from Sin the End of Christian Faith" (1869); "History of American Socialism" (Philadelphia, 1870); and several expositions of the practices in his community.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nurse, Rebecca

Edition of 1900.
​NURSE, Rebecca, reputed witch, b. in Yarmouth, England, in February, 1621; d. in Salem, Mass., 19 July, 1692. Her maiden name was Towne, and she became the wife of Francis Nurse, who settled in Salem village, and in 1678 purchased the valuable Bishop farm. Although Rebecca stood in the highest esteem for goodness of heart and piety and was one of the most respectable women in the town, yet the “afflicted children,” as they were called, after accusing two or three persons of lower station, pointed out this aged matron, who was now an invalid, as one of their tormentors. She was arrested on 24 March, 1692, for practising “certain detestable arts called witchcraft.” She was confronted before the examining magistrates with the children, who went into spasms on seeing her. Several grown women also accused her, not only of tormenting them, but of having killed people by witchcraft. She was tried on 29 June, and, notwithstanding the weighty testimony of many persons, the clamors of the townspeople, and the bias of the court against her, the jury delivered a verdict of “Not guilty.” The judges expressed dissatisfaction, and directed attention to the fact that the accused had at the trial spoken of a witness against her who had confessed to being a witch as “one of our company.” Her meaning, as she subsequently explained, was that they had been confined together in jail on the same charge. The jury went out again and brought in a verdict of guilty. She was excommunicated by the church after her conviction, and hanged with four other convicted witches on the appointed day, a committee of citizens having dissuaded the governor from granting a reprieve in her case, as he intended.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nutt, Cyrus

Edition of 1900.
​NUTT, Cyrus, educator, b. in Trumbull county, Ohio, 4 Sept., 1814; d. in Bloomington, Ind., 23 Aug., 1875. He was graduated at Alleghany college, Meadville, Pa., in 1836, was principal of the preparatory department of Indiana Asbury (now De Pauw) university, and afterward professor of languages till 1845, when he became pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church in Bloomington. In 1846-'9 he was professor of Greek in Indiana Asbury university, then for five years president of a female college in Fort Wayne, and for the next three presiding elder of the Richmond district in Indiana. In 1857 he became acting president of Indiana Asbury university, and in 1860 president of the State university at Bloomington. Several of his baccalaureate sermons were published.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nuttall, Thomas

Edition of 1900.
​NUTTALL, Thomas, naturalist, b. in Settle, Yorkshire, England, in 1786; d. in St. Helen's, Lancashire, 10 Sept., 1859. He learned the printer's trade in England, but in his twenty-second year came to the United States, and at the suggestion of Benjamin S. Barton studied natural history, and subsequently devoted the remainder of his life to scientific pursuits. His interest in the subjects of botany and ornithology led him to travel extensively throughout this country, and in the course of his journeys he visited nearly all of the states of the Union, penetrating westward through the territory of Arkansas, and southward to the Everglades of Florida, traversing also the districts that border on the Mississippi, the northern lakes, and reaching the then far-distant Pacific, on which he sailed to the Sandwich islands. In 1822 he became professor of natural history in Harvard and curator of the botanical gardens, which appointments he held until 1834. He returned to England in 1842, and spent the rest of his life chiefly on the estate of Nutgrove, near Liverpool, which had been bequeathed to him on condition that he should reside upon it. Elias Durand said of him: “No other explorer of the botany of North America has personally made more discoveries; no writer on American plants, except perhaps Professor Asa Gray, has described more new genera and species.” Besides contributions to periodicals, he published “The Genera of North American Plants and a Catalogue of the Species to 1817” (2 vols., Philadelphia, 1818); “A Journal of Travels into the Arkansas Territory during the Year 1819” (1821); “Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and Canada,” I. Land Birds (Cambridge, 1832); II. Water Birds (Boston, 1834); and “The North American Sylva, or a Description of the Forest-Trees of the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia, not described in the work of François André Michaux” (3 vols., Philadelphia, 1842-9).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nye, Edgar Wilson

Edition of 1900.
​NYE, Edgar Wilson, humorist, b. in Shirley, Me., 25 Aug., 1850; d. near Asheville, N. C., 22 Feb., 1896. He was educated at River Falls, Wis., removed to Wyoming territory, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1876. He began early to contribute humorous sketches to the newspapers, using the pen-name of “Bill Nye,” was connected with various western journals, and afterward settled in New York city. He had published “Bill Nye and the Boomerang” (Chicago, 1881); “The Forty Liars” (1883); “Baled Hay” (1884); “Bill Nye's Blossom Rock” (1885); and “Remarks” (1886).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Noyes, James Oscar

Edition of 1900.
​NOYES, James Oscar, author, b. in Niles, Cayuga Co., N. Y., 14 June, 1829; d. in New Orleans, La., 11 Sept., 1872. He was graduated at Hamilton college in 1850 and at the medical department of Harvard in 1853. He then went abroad, continued his studies in the University of Vienna, visited Wallachia, and was appointed on the medical staff of Omar Pacha, the commander of the Turkish forces. He was afterward correspondent in Turkey, Palestine, and Egypt of the New York "Tribune," the Detroit "Free Press," and other journals. On his return to New York he engaged in literary pursuits, and became proprietor and chief editor of the "Knickerbocker Magazine" in 1858. He went to Fort Monroe, Va., as a newspaper correspondent at the beginning of the civil war, engaged in various army contracts, and subsequently in planting. He settled in New Orleans after the war, was appointed commissioner of immigration for the state of Louisiana, and in that capacity revisited Europe. He was the originator of an enterprise for connecting Mississippi river with the Gulf of Mexico by a ship-canal below New Orleans, and of one for draining that city. At the time of his death he was an active member of the New Orleans academy of arts and sciences. He published "Roumania" (New York, 1857) and "The Gypsies" (1858).
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nutt, George Washington Morrison

Edition of 1900.
​NUTT, George Washington Morrison, dwarf, b. in Manchester, N. H., 1 April, 1844; d. in New York city, 25 April, 1881. He was first placed on exhibition in Barnum's museum in New York city, accompanied Charles S. Stratton (“Tom Thumb”) on a tour around the world in 1869-'72, and subsequently conducted theatrical shows in Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco, Cal., in partnership with his brother, Rodney, who, besides himself, was the only diminutive member of the family. Afterward he managed travelling companies. “Commodore” Nutt, as he was called, though well-proportioned, was only 43 inches high.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/O'Beirne, Thomas Lewis

Edition of 1900.
​O'BEIRNE, Thomas Lewis, Irish clergyman, b. in County Longford, Ireland, in 1748; d. in County Meath, Ireland, 15 Feb., 1823. He was educated for the Roman Catholic priesthood, in the Jesuit college at St. Omer, France, but took orders in the English church, and in 1775 accompanied Lord Howe to America as chaplain. In 1776 he preached in St. Paul's church in New York city. He became Anglican bishop of ​Ossory in 1796, and two years later was transferred to the see of Meath. Besides three volumes of “Sermons” and a poem on “The Crucifixion,” he published a “Vindication” of the conduct of his patrons, Gen. Sir William and Admiral Lord Howe, in America, and other political tracts.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nuttall, Enos

Edition of 1900.
​NUTTALL, Enos, colonial Anglican bishop, b. in England, 26 Jan., 1842. He was educated by private tutors, was ordained to the ministry of the Established church, and became incumbent of St. George's church, Kingston, Jamaica, in 1866. In 1880 he was consecrated bishop of Jamaica. He received the degree of D. D. in 1880. He has published numerous social and ecclesiastical pamphlets and addresses and several sermons.
# Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Nuñez-Vela, Blasco

Edition of 1900.
​NUÑEZ-VELA, Blasco, first viceroy of Peru,b. in Castile in the latter part of the 15th century; d. in Añaquito, Peru, 18 Jan., 1546. He had been governor of Malaga and Cuenca, and as one of his brothers was gentleman of the bed-chamber of the Emperor Charles V., and another was archbishop of Burgos, he enjoyed high favor at court, and was appointed in 1539 commissioner to Nombre de Dios, to transport treasure from Peru to Spain. Meanwhile the repeated representations of Bishop de las Casas (q. v.) in favor of the Indians had confirmed the emperor in his resolution to abolish the servitude of the natives, notwithstanding the opposition of the council of the Indies and numerous clergymen and jurists. To execute this decree in Peru, he resolved to establish there an audience and a viceroyalty as in Mexico, but unfortunately he chose for this purpose Nuñez-Vela, who, although just and rigorous in the fulfilment of his duty, was impetuous and arbitrary. He was appointed in April, 1543, viceroy and president of the audiencia, and arrived in Nombre de Dios, 10 Jan., 1544, and in Tumbez on 4 March. In consequence of the measures that he took during his voyage for the protection of the Indians and the establishment of the new form of government, he was received with great animosity by the people and clergy. He arrived in Lima on 15 May, where the news of his arbitrary measures had already arrived, and in consequence he met with passive but determined resistance from the authorities. Numerous petitions for the suspension of the new ordinance poured in from all sides, but Nuñez continued to abuse his power, and finally, after he had imprisoned Vaca de Castro, his predecessor, and assassinated Guillen Suarez de Carvajal with his own hand, 13 Sept., 1544, he was arrested by order of the judges of the audiencia. He was taken to the island of San Lorenzo on 20 Sept., and afterward to Huacho, to be transported to Spain, but was liberated by Judge Alvarez. Meanwhile Gonzalo Pizarro had revolted against the royal authority, usurping the government of Peru, and, owing to the feeling against the viceroy, gained many adherents. Pizarro marched upon Lima, and, seeing that the popular opinion was in his favor, the bishops of Peru, at a meeting on 21 Oct., 1544, signed an agreement, delivering the government to Pizarro, on condition that he should surrender it when he should be ordered by the king, and on 24 Oct. he made his entry into Lima. Nuñez-Vela, who had gathered a small force at Tumbez, marched to Quito, where he organized an army, and, on 4 March, 1545, began his march upon Piura. The campaign that was thus begun ended in the battle of Añaquito, 18 Jan., 1546. Nuñez-Vela was defeated, and when he had been stunned by a blow from a battle-ax was recognized by Benito Suarez de Carvajal, brother of the man that he had murdered. Carvajal ordered one of his slaves to decapitate Nuñez and dragged his head with a rope to the pillory in the square of Quito.
# Back to Methuselah

* information about this edition.
* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item.
This work, written during 1918–1921, is comprised of a Preface and five Parts; each Part is a a complete play.
* Preface: An Infidel Half Century
* Part I: In the Beginning
* Part II: The Gospel of the Brothers Barnabas
* Part III: The Thing Happens
* Part IV: Tragedy of an Elderly Gentleman
* Part V: As Far as Thought Can Reach
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
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# Barack Obama's Condolences for Japan

March 17, 2011, Japanese Embassy.
My heart goes out to the people of Japan during this enormous tragedy. Please know that America will always stand by one of its greatest allies during this time of need.
Because of the strength and wisdom of its people, we know that Japan will recover, and indeed will emerge stronger than ever. And as it recovers, the memory of those who have been lost will remain in our hearts, and will serve only to strengthen the relationship between our two countries.
May God bless the people of Japan.
Barack Obama
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book XIX/Hymn 43

43. To various gods: for attaining heaven.
[Brahman.—aṣṭāu. bahudevatyam uta brahmadevatyam. 1-8. 3-av. çan̄kumatī pathyāpan̄kti.]
Not found in Pāipp. No viniyoga.
Translated: Griffith, ii. 299.
1. Whither the brahman-knowers go, along with consecration, with ardor—thither let Agni conduct me; let Agni impart (dhā) to me wisdom: to Agni hail!
SPP. strangely prefers to read medhā́ da- in d, with a mere majority of his authorities, but with the comm. ⌊who gives medhās⌋; our mss. also are divided between -dhā́ and -dhā́ṁ. In the pada-text, SPP. emends to -dhā́ḥ; the pada-mss. have -dhā́ or -dhā́m.
2. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let Vāyu conduct me; let Vāyu impart to me breaths: to Vāyu hail!
3. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let the sun conduct me; let the sun impart to me sight: to the sun hail!
4. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let the moon (candrá) conduct me; let the moon impart to me mind: to the moon hail!
5. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let Soma conduct me; let Soma impart to me milk: to Soma hail!
The comm. has a lacuna including all the explanations of verse 4, and part of the text of verse 4 and of this.
​6. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let Indra conduct me; let Indra impart to me strength: to Indra hail!
7. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let the waters conduct me; let immortality (amṛ́ta) approach (upa-sthā) me: to the waters hail!
Our nayantu in c is the obviously necessary emendation of nayatu of all the mss., which SPP., after his manner, retains. The comm. does not have occasion to quote the word; but his text also, according to SPP., reads nayatu. ⌊The faulty assimilation of the original nayantu to the nayatu which obtains throughout all the other verses of the sequence, is precisely paralleled by the gachati (so all authorities) after ā́pas at xv. 7. 3.⌋
8. Whither the etc. etc.—thither let Brahmán conduct me; let Brahmán impart to me bráhman: to Brahmán hail!
The comm. explains brahmán by jagatsraṣṭā hiraṇyagarbhaḥ, and bráhman by svasvarūpabhūtaṁ çrutādhyayanajanyaṁ tejo vā.
# Atharva-Veda Samhita/Book XIX/Hymn 41

41. For some one's welfare.
[Brahman.—ekarcam. mantroktatapodevatyam. trāiṣṭubham.]
Not found in Pāipp. No viniyoga.
Translated: Griffith, ii. 298.
1. Desiring what is excellent, the heaven-finding seers in the beginning sat down in attendance upon (upa-ni-sad) ardor [and] consecration; thence [is] born royalty, strength, and force; let the gods make that submissive to this man.
Asmé 'to us' would be an acceptable emendation in d; ⌊but TS. has asmāí⌋. The comm. glosses upaníṣedus simply by prāptās; in his explanation of c, d there is a considerable lacuna. A corresponding verse is found in TS. (in v. 7.4$^3$; repeated without variation in TA. iii. it. 9): bhadrám páçyanta úpa sedur ágre tápo dīkṣā́m ṛ́ṣayaḥ suvarvídaḥ: tátaḥ kṣatrám bálam ójaç ca jātáṁ tád asmāí devā́ abhí sáṁ namantu.
# Bailey v. Magwire

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
89 U.S. 215
Bailey v. Magwire

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Bailey v. George

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
259 U.S. 16
Bailey v. George
Argued: March 8, 1922. --- Decided: May 15, 1922
Mr. Solicitor General Beck, of Washington, D. C., for appellant.
Messrs. W. C. Davis and Campbell B. Fetner, both of Charlotte, N. C., for appellee.
[Argument of Counsel from pages 17-19 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Chief Justice TAFT delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Bailey v. George/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
259 U.S. 16
Bailey v. George
Argued: March 8, 1922. --- Decided: May 15, 1922
The decree entered herein by the District Court and appealed from, directly, to this court, under section 238 of the Justicial Code (Comp. St. § 1215), recited that the complainants operated a manufacturing plant for the production of cotton goods in Gaston county, North Carolina; that the defendant was a federal collector of internal revenue; that on the ground that complainants had employed children in their factory within the limits of ages prescribed in section 1200, the act of Congress, known as the Child Labor Tax Law, approved February 24, 1919 (40 Stat. 1057, 1138 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, § 6336 7/8 a]), they were under its terms assessed the sum of $2,098.06; that they filed a claim for abatement of the same, which was denied, that the collector was about to make the exaction by distraining complainants' property, levying on it and selling it, that the act of Congress purporting to authorize the assessment was invalid under the Constitution of the United States, and on these grounds permanently enjoined the collector from proceeding to collect the assessment.
An examination of the bill shows no other ground for equitable relief than as stated in the order. The bill does aver 'that these your petitioners have exhausted all legal remedies and it is necessary for them to be given equitable relief in the premises'; but there are no specific facts set forth sustaining this mere legal conclusion. Section 3224, R. S. (Comp. St. § 5947), provides that 'no suit for the purpose of restraining the assessment or collection of any tax shall be maintained in any court.' The averment that a taxing statute is unconstitutional does not take this case out of the section. There must be some extraordinary and exceptional circumstance not here averred or shown to make the provisions of the section inapplicable. Dodge v. Brady, 240 U.S. 122, 126, 36 Sup. Ct. 277, 60 L. Ed. 560. In spite of their averment, the complainants did not exhaust all their legal remedies. They might have paid the amount assessed under protest and then brought suit against the collector to recover the amount paid with interest. No fact is alleged which would prevent them from availing themselves of this form of remedy.
The decree of the District Court is reversed and the cause remanded with directions to dismiss the bill.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Bailey v. Dozier

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United States Supreme Court
47 U.S. 23
Bailey v. Dozier

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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