# The Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal/Volume 7/Issue 346

TO BE SOLD BY PUBLIC AUCTION, BY MESSRS. L. & W. SAMSON,
ALL that valuable FREEHOLD PROPERTY in the town of Fremantle, consisting of a Dwelling-House and Store, enclosed with a stone wall, situate at the corner of High-street, opposite the Royal Hotel, formerly in the occupation of P. H. Dod, Esq.
ALSO,-
The Allotment adjoining the above property, surrounded with a stone wall.
This eligible property is in the centre of the town, near the entrance of the Tunnel, and offers every inducement for investment of capital.
Terms-Deposit in cash of 10 per cent, and payment in approved bills at three and six months, will be received. Perth, August 9, 1839.
TO BE SOLD BY PUBLIC AUCTION, BY MESSRS. L. & W. SAMSON,
THE following ARTICLES:—Oats, Candles, Canvas, Sugar, Mats, Calico, Sago, Twine, Rope, Fishing Lines, Coffee, Pepper, Pork, Beef, &c., &c.
Perth, August 17, 1839.
TO BE SOLD BY PUBLIC AUCTION, BY MESSRS. L. & W. SAMSON, At Leeder's Hotel, Perth, on Thursday, the 19th of September next, at 12 o'clock,-by order of the Mortgagee,
THE undermentioned Land and Town Allotments:— 1.—A Grant of Land situate at or near Guildford, on the right bank of the Swan River, comprising 100 acres, marked in the maps and books of the Surveyor-General's Office as B Location Q.
2—Three Town Allotments in Fremantle, Nos. 19, 31, and 32.
Also at the same time will be sold,
The Allotment No. 5, Sec. H, Perth, on which the greater part of the fencing is done.
ON SALE,
AN assortment of Glass, consisting of Decanters, Wine and Finger Glasses, Goblets, Tumblers, Jugs, Water Bottles, Butter Tubs, Wine Coolers, Salt Cellars, &c. Also, Table, Dessert, Tea, and Mustard Spoons, of British metal, nearly equal to silver.
G. Shenton & Co., Chemists and Druggists, and General Dealers.
Perth, August 17, 1839.
FOR SALE.
JUST arrived per Champion, and on Sale at the Stores of the under signed:—
Fine small York Hams, new Raisins, Apricots, and Pears, in boxes of 25 and 50lbs; Coffee, superior Cape Wine in small casks, Soap, Ladies' and Children's Shoes, also Men's Strong ditto, &c., &c.
WM. LAMB.
Fremantle, August 22.
TO BE LET For one or more years,
A GRANT of 1,000 Acres, with a substantial Dwelling-house thereon, delightfully situated on the bank of the Avon River, in the district of Toodyay, opposite Mr. Whitfield's, having two large pools of water, which are fresh throughout the year. This Grant affords an excellent run for cattle, possessing many advantages, being the nearest establishment on the Toodyay road, about forty miles from Guildford.
Also, 1,400 Acres at Northam, being part of Black Boy Hill, having a frontage on the Avon River, five acres of which are in crop. This Grant also affords an excellent run for sheep or cattle.
These Grants will be let on advantageous terms, particulars of which may be ascertained on application to the undersigned.
J. LLOYD.
Fremantle, August 19.
TO BE SOLD, Or Let, for a term not exceeding seven years,
A SMALL FARM conveniently situate on the right bank of the Canning River, with Dwelling-house and appropriate Out-houses, &c. Five acres of Land in cultivation, three of which are in crop. The proprietor would allow half the rent to be expended yearly in substantial improvements.
Immediate occupation will be given, and the crop disposed of to the purchaser or tenant at a valuation.
Application to be made to James Milen, on the premises; to T. N. Yule, Esq., on the Middle Swan; or at this office.
Perth, August 24.
TO BE SOLD,
250 BREEDING EWES, having lambs by their sides; they consequently cannot be delivered until the middle of October, but they can be marked off immediately. These sheep are at York, and in healthy condition.
Apply to Mr. J. W . Hardey, Mallöny, near York.
TO THE PUBLIC.
MR. T. CARTER begs to inform the Public, he will be obliged by any Commission as Agent to sell, purchase, select, or superintend the removal of Sheep or Stock in the York district.
Gwambygine Farm, Aug. 20, 1839.
NOTICE.
A PRIVATE Meeting will be held at Hodges' Hotel on Thursday, the 5th day of September next, 1839, when the Indentured Servants of Thomas Peel, Esq., are requested to attend, to take into consideration the most efficient measures to recover the Land and any other claims they may have on the said Thomas Peel, Esq.
NEW CHURCH, PERTH.
THE Trustees of Church Property hereby give notice, that they are ready to receive Tenders for 200 Loads of Stone, to be delivered above high-water mark opposite the Commissariat Store, or on the Church land, in front of the Military Hospital.
For further particulars, apply to the Superintendent of Public Works, to whom the Tenders must be sent on or before the 3d day of September next.
James Purkis,
Secretary pro tem.
August 6, 1839.
ON SALE AT MESSRS. SAMSON'S, FREMANTLE,
A STRONG Cart, with iron axle complete; a set of Waggon Wheels, several pairs of Cart ditto, one pair of large Wheels for Timber Carriage; several pairs of Cart Shafts, with iron work, complete.
JUST OPENED,
CASES of the following goods:—Victoria, muslin, and mouslin delain dresses; thibet and other fancy shawls; black, green, and brown silks; bombazines, painted and plain merinos, figured stuffs, children's dresses, camlets, black drill, striped cantoons, coloured Parramatta cloth, dress and frock coats; a large variety of superior satin, silk, valencia, swansdown, diamond, white and quilling waistcoats and waistcoat pieces; Black silk handkerchiefs; check, cambric, book, jaconet and glazed muslins; satin, gauze, and sarsanet ribbons; damask table cloths, &c, &c.
Also, a bale of excellent rugs.
G. Shenton & Co., Chemists and Druggists, and General Dealers.
Perth, July 26,1839.
​FOR SALE, All EWES, now grazing inJfche jmf^W^ York district, 10 with laffibs, and 10 without. Apply to Mr. L. Lukin, or to ifr. T. Carter, York. August 24,1839. To follow the Sale advertised to take place at Leeder's Hotel, Perth, on Wednesday, the 28¿A instant, A VARIETY of Cooking Utensils. Perth, Aug. 24, 1839. "--?i- " ? ? ? ? - ? - ? - - - ? - i " SHERIFFS OFFICE. Perth, August 2, 1839. Jn the Civil Court REGINA V MORGAN. NOTICE is hereby given, that, on Wednesday, the thirtieth day of October next, at Twelve o'clock, the Sheriff* will cause to be offered for Sale by Public Auction, before the Court-House in Perth, tender and by virtue of an Order issued cut of the above Court, dated 2d August, J 839., ALL the estate, right, title and interest of the Defendant in and to all those several Allot T ments of Land situate and being in Section L in the town of Perth, and respectively marked and numbered in the Maps and Books of the Surveyor General's Office 63, 64, 65, and 66. REGINA V. ELLIS . On the said thirtieth day of October next, at Twelve o'Clock, will also be offered for Sale by Public Auction, before the Court-House in Perth, under and by virtue of an Order issued out of the above Court, dated the 2d of August, 1839, All the estate, right, title and interest of the Defend- ant in and to all that piece or parcel of Land situate and being on the Avon River, in the district of York containing 2,746 acres, or thereabouts. ALSO,-All the estate, right, title and interest of the Defendant in and to all those several Allotments of Land situate and being at Kelmscott, and respec- tively numbered 19, 20, 21, and 22, in the Maps and Books of the Surveyor-General. REGINA V. THOMSON AND TRIMMER. On the said thirtieth day of October next, at Twelve o'Clock, will also be offered for Sale by Public Auction, before the Court-H ouse in Perth, under and by virtue of an Order issued out of the above Court, dated 2d of August, 1839, All the Defendants' estate, right, title and interest respectively in and to all that piece or parcel of Land situate and being on the left bank of the Swan River, containing one thousand acres, or thereabouts, and called and known by the name of Sion Hill. For further particulars, apply to W. J. Lawrence, Esquire," Crown Solicitor. G. F. STONE, Sheriff*. ?I m ni»-- III III in i---tmrnmrnm li i. ? THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, August 20, 1839. IS Excellency the Qovernor has been pleased to appoint George Grey, Esquire, to be a Magistrate of this Territory. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, August 23, 1839. HIS Excellency the Governor has been pleased to appoint George Grey, Esquire, Resident Magistrate of the District of Plantagenet, in the room of Sir Richard Spencer, K.C.H and C.B ., deceased, until the pleasure of Her Majesty's Government is known. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary, Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, August 20, 1839. IS Excellency the Governor has been pleased to place Henry Vincent, Jailor, Fremantle, in charge of the Native Es- tablishment, Rottnest, in the room of L. Welch, the late Superintendent. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary. Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, , August 19, 1839. IT is with much regret that His Excellency the Governor communicates to the Public of this Colony the death' of Sir Richard Spencer, K.C-H. and C.B. , Government Resident, Albany, which took place on the evening ofthe 24th ultimo By His Excellency's command, PETER BRO WN, Colonial Secretary. Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth,, Augustus, 1839. IT being the intention of the Local Government to dispatch H. M. Colonial Schooner Cham- pion to the Out-Ports on Wednesday next, 28ih Instant, Persons desirous of proceeding to any of these places, or having goods to forward, may.be accommodated. For Freight or Passage, application to be made to the Resident, Fremantle. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, August 20, 1839. THE Sale of Crown Land, Y J2, Avon District, comprising 754 acres, advertised for sale on the 18th September next, is hereby cancelled. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary Colonial Secretary's Office, Perth, August 23, 1839. _ SU RRENDER OF LAND. ypw^EIE undermentioned Application for the P|" surrender of Land having been received in conformity with the Public Notice issued from this Office on the 29th of September, 1837, His Excellency the Governor has been pleased to direct the publication of the same, with the view of affording interested Parties an opportunity of stat- ing their objections to such Surrender being made, viz : - J R T-hillips 1.200 Acres of Land on the right bank of the Canning River, from N. E. end of Location 15, being the lower half of a Grant of 3,600 acres originally assigned to John Alexander Dutton. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary. Colonial St cretary's Office, Perth, August 20, 1839. SALE OF TOWN ALLOTMENTS. OTICE is hereby given, that on Wednes- day, the 27th of November next, at Twelve o'Clock Ni-on, the Sub-Collector of Re- venue at Albany, King George's Sound, will offer for Sale by Pub'ic Auction, al that place, the un- dermentioned Town Lots, under and subject to the existing Regulations
- Albany Lot S No. 25 . Ditto No. 173. Ditto No 174. Ditto No. 206. For further particulars, reference to be made to the Offices of the Sub Collector at Albany, or the Survey Office, Ptrth. By His Excellency's command, PETER BROWN, Colonial Secretary. THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL. SATURDAY, AUGUST 24, 1839. " Neither conscience nor taste will suffer me to fight one class or interest against another, for separate benefit, or to take the narrow ground of undeviating panegyric. " It was our intention to have offered some remarks upon the copious extracts we have made relating to Canada and Southern Australia, as they fully confirm the sentiments we have long entertained, in common with most men of experience, of the true policy to be adopted in the disposal of waste land. The article un- der the head of Emigration is taken from Lord Durham's report on the state of Canada. This report embraces many points of material importance to our com munityy and will unquestionably be read with much interest The article under the head of South Australia, a colony establisded with a change of system, bears strong marks of accurate judgment, founded upon incontrovertible data. A careful perusal of these two extracts will suggest to the minds of our readers the^ illustrative comparisons we had proposed to have drawn from them. CAPTURE AND ESCAPE OF A NATIVE " NAMED WEEBAN. -This man escaped' some time back from the Perth Gaol, after he had been tried and convicted of a murder of a native child at Air. Shaw's farm, on the Upper Swan. A reward was offered for his apprehension, and on, Saturday last he was taken and brought into Perth by Mr. A. Jones, and others, residing at Guildford, and again lodged in tbp Perth Gaol, from whence he was ordered to be conveyed, by Air. Hunt the Under Jailor, to the Gaol at Fremantle. Mr. Hunt started at 9 o'clock on the morning of Wednesday last, but impru- dently took his family in the same boat with him. They reached Point Walter about 12 o'clock, where they landed, leaving the prisoner in charge of a young man, the son of Mr. Duffield, whose whale-boat had been engaged for the tiip. His escapéis thus explained by J. Duffield, jun., in his evidence given be foie W. L. Brockman, Esq , J. P. : " We landed at Point Walter, and went up to the house. We stopped about an hour, and as we were returning to the boat, I was a little ahead with $he pri- soner. I had the chain by which he was fastened twice round my aim, with the padlock at the end of it. When I got to the loot of the hill, the pi isoner begged' me to pick up a stick, pointing toa blister on his arm, which he wished ta bruise ; when I stooped down he forced the chain norn my arm
I called out to Hunt, and followed after the pi isoner; I succeeded in catching him as he was jumping from a rock ; he struggled to getaway;I kept striking him with the padlock until he succeeded in drawing the chain down to him, and got my thumb in his mouth. I could hold him no longer, and he got amongst the rocks out of my sight. When the prisoner es- caped, lie had the chain, handcuffs, and two padlocks on." Search was made for, three hours in all directions, but without' being able to find the fugitive ; when the party proceeded to Fremantle, where the circumstances of this unhappy occurrence were investigated by Mr. Brockman. Want of room prevents our giving ex- pression to the opinion we entertain of this occurrence, coupled with the grounds upon which that opinion is formed. This will be a subject for future remark. DISPOSAL OF PUBLIC LANDS-EMIGRATION. . "I have mentioned the peculiar importance which,in newly settled societies, is attached to the' works for crealing and improving the means of communication. But in such communities, and especially when only a small portion of the land has been occupied by settlers, there is a still more momentous subject of public concern. I allude to an operation tf government, which has a perma- nent influence over the happiness of individuals,* and the progress of society: towards wealth and greatness. Iam speaking of the disposal, by the government,'of the landa uf the new country. In old countries no such matter ever occupies public attention ; in new colonies, planted on a fertile and extensive territory, this is the object of the greatest moment to all, and the first business of .the go- vernment. TJpon the mauger in which ¡tjiia busi- ness is conducted it may áín * be said thai every ​thing else depends. If lands are not bestowed on the inhabitants and new-comers with a generous hand, the society endure the evils of an old and over-peopled state, with the superadded inconveniences that belong to a wild country. They are pinched for room even in the wilderness, are prevented from choosing the most fertile soils and favourable situations, and are debarred from cultivating that large extent of soil, in proportion to the hands at work, which can alone compensate, in quantity of produce, for the rude nature of husbandry in the wilderness. If, on the other hand, the land is bestowed with careless profusion, great evils of another kind are produced. Large tracts become the property of individuals, who leave their lands unsettled and untouched. Deserts are thus interposed between the industrious settlers; the natural difficulties of communication are greatly enhanced; the inhabitants are not merely scattered over a wide space of country, but are separated from each other by impassable wastes; the cultivator is cut off or far removed from a market in which to dispose of his surplus produce and procure commodities; and the greatest obstacles exist to co-operation in labour, to exchange, to the division of employments, to combination for municipal or other public purposes, to the growth of towns, to public worship, to regular education, to the spread of news, to the acquisition of common knowledge, and even to the civilizing influences of mere inter course for amusement. Monotonous and stagnant indeed must ever be the state of a people who are permanently condemned to such separation from each other. If, moreover, the land of anew country is so carelessly surveyed that the boundaries of property are incorrectly or inadequately defined, the government lays up a store of mischievous litigation for the people. Whatever delay takes place in perfecting the titles of individuals to lands alianatrd by the government, occasions equnl uncertainty and insecurity of property. If the acquisition of land, in whatever quantities, is made difficult or troublesome, or is subjected to any needless uncertainty or delay, applicants are irritated, settlement is hindered, and emigration lo the colony is discouraged, as emigration from it is promoted U very different methods of proceeding have effect in the same colon j', or in different parties of the same group of colonies, the object of some can scarcely fail to interfere with or counteract the operation of others; so that the operation of the government must somewhere, or at some time, be defeated And frequent changes of system are sure to be injurious, not oaly by probably displeasing those who either obtain land just before, or desire to obtain some just after, each change, but also by giving a character of ¡Regularity, uncertainty, and even mystery, to the most important proceeding of government. In this way settlement and emigration are discouraged, inasmuch as the people, both of the colony and of the mother-country, are deprived of all confidence in the permanency of any system, and any familiar acquaintance with any of the ¡temporary methods. It would be easy to cite many other examples of the influence of government in this matter. I will mention but one more here. If the disposal of public lands is administered partial ly-with favor to particular persons or classes-a sire result is the anger of all who do not benefit by such favoritism (the far greater number of course), and consequently, the general unpopularity of the government. 141 found the surveying department in Lower Canada so thoroughly inefficient in its constitution a3 to be incapable of any valuable improvement; and that Ï therefore abstained from interfering with it, trusting that the whole future management of the public lands would be placed on a new footing, calculated to remedy this, as well as all the other evils of the present system."
SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Mr. Dutton is of opinion, that South Australia is a colony similar to New South Wales, that is to say, a pastoral and not an agricultural country, and not a country to produce grain and huxtery. It appears to possess a droughty climate. The plain, on which Adelaide is situated, is of six miles extent, and so level, that in rainy years it may require some large drains to carry off the water, though now itisas parched up and as bare of grass as any part of New South Wales. It has a rotten limestone bottom in some parts, and there is no doubt hut that for gardens and orchards, being a light red loam, it is an excellent soil. Mr. Dutton, Captain Finnis, and Mr. M'Farlane have bought 4000 acres of picked land within 18 miles of Adelaide, as the crow flies, and twenty-five by the present road. They engaged as settlers or tenants on their new purchase; tile whole of the German emigrants wild arrived at Adelaide in one ©f the several Grèrman-loaded ships lately arrived there. They consisted of 39 families, or about 180 souls, men, women, youths, and children. These people emigrated from Germariy through a persecution raised against them on account of their religion (Luthern Protestant.) They are accompanied by their pastor, a gentleman about five-and thirly, and who is a scholar and eloquent preacher. Mr. Dutton heard him preach under a tree at his new purchase, on which they are now all settled, and pursuing their labours as farmers and gardeners. Next year they will supply Adelaide with potatoes, &c, butter, and cheese. In ten days after Messrs. Dutton & Co. had deposited the sum of 4,000¿. in the treasury at Adelaide for their 4000 picked acres, six other gentlemen or firms depositedtheir sums of 4,0002. (in all 24,000Z.) to procure Wee special surveys, and like picked estates, according to act of Parliament. And as Adelaide now abounds with tradesmen and laborers of divers trades and callings not in request, these broken down people will have to learnjarm ing occupations, and set io work, and thus rid Adelaide of their present idle presence. The population of Adelaide consists chiefly of Londoners; broken-down shop-men and tradesmen of habits, feelings, views, and knowledge, just the reverse of what are calculated to make them thriving colonists. Necessity, the mother of invention, and, we will add, change, if not reforma tion, will compel these people to go lo work in the country, in some shape or another. When they do so, they will be able to get a living; and not before. Many of them will no doubt be thriving settlers in ten years' time; but more (probably) will be a dissatisfied, ne'er do well class as long as they live. Mr. Dutton astonished the people of Adelaide by taking Mrs. Dutton with him to see his new purchase. Even the men at Adelaide (we speak generally of course) have a horror of " the bush."
As for the women, they think all who go ten miles out of the town will be murdeied by the blacks. Sydney Monitor, February 18. POUT PHILLIP. THE inhabitants of South Australia are indebted to our exertions for their seasonable supply of beef. They have remained crowded in a city, of which the bite, as chosen by themselves, has betrayed their lamentable ignorance, clinging together, and fancying themselves rich and honorable from the possession of a few uncultivated acres of land, while we have spread ourselves through the whole region, leaving not a foot of land unexplored or a resource untried; we have done more-we have t>hown them the way into their own bush, and we have set them an example which it will be better for them to study and endeavour to follow, than to be carried away with the conceit of their own enterpiise and knowledge. Let the public at home judge between the two settlements. In the sister-colony the inhabitants have shown their superior ardour and talent during three years of occupation, discovering but now -¿fresh water river, distant forty five mile&l!! from the city of Adelaide. The settlers in Australia Felix have traversed and occupied a country extending upwards of five hundred miles in every direction, and in the space of eighteen months, commencing with Mr. Hawdon's departure, will have driven over to South Australia about ten thousand head of cattle, in as many as twelve distinct expeditions.-Port Phillip Gazette, February 2.
VOCABULARY OF ABORIGINAL LANGUAGE OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA.
By Lieut. Grey, of H. M. 83rd Regiment.
After having devoted nearly twelve months to a careful study of the aboriginal language of this part of the Continent, I feel convinced, that if the pure dialect is spoken, but little difference exists between the dialects of the different districts; and this remark is confirmed by my; having lately received from Mr. Bussel of the Vasse district, a vocabulary of the language spoken there; this contains three hundred and twenty words, nearly every one of which is identical with those in use in this neighbourhood.
Such being the case, it appears that the publication of a vocabulary of the dialect generally in use cannot fail to be productive of much advantage, as tending to facilitate our future communications with the natives; either, in the first occupation of new districts, or in civilizing them, or obtaining information from them, in those parts of the Colony which have been for some time settled.
With this view, I have, previously to my leaving this part of the Colony, commenced the publication of the following vocabulary. Had I been able to bestow more time upon it, I could haye rendered it far more complete, but even in its present shape I trust it will be found perfectly adequate to the purpose to which it is intended, and it will, at all events, form a starting point to those who may have sufficient leisure time to complete a perfect history of this interesting language.
In order to have rendered this vocabulary really complete, it would have been necessary to have introduced a pronunciation of the different vowels and consonants, which was suited to this peculiar language, and I had actually begun a vocabulary with this view, upon a plan proposed by His Excellency Mr. Hutt, who also kindly assisted me in my undertaking, which offered the means of avoiding all the difficulties which had hitherto embarrassed me; yet, notwithstanding the facilities afforded by this plan, two reasons have induced me for the present to abandon it. The first is, that I doubt if this plan is the most convenient for a merely popular work, as it requires that before a person can make use of the vocabulary, he should leam a new system of orthography; and, secondly, I found that there would be a difficulty in at present procuring type suited to my purpose in the Colony.
It must be understood, therefore, that the pronunciation of the letters must be as nearly as possible that which is given to them in the English language, the only difference being that a final a must always be pronounced long. I have also necessarily been compelled to introduce the nasal "ng," which is of such constant occurrence in this language.
Without attempting to enter into any of the details of the grammar of a language which is yet but so imperfectly known, it is still necessary to give such a general outline of certain parts of it as will enable any person who employs the following vocabulary to use the plural number, to discriminate between the different degrees of comparison of the adjectives, to employ, when necessary, the different moods and tenses of the verbs-in fact, to give such short and general rules as will suffice for all ordinary occasions.
The plural number of nouns in general is formed by the addition of the common numerals as far as three, after which number the general term boola (much or many) is used. But all nouns which express human beings, such as uncle, sister, woman, &c., form their plural by the addition of "mun," or "gur-ra." Mun is an abbreviation of the word munda, altogether, or collectively, and gurra apparently means human beings, or things.
The general rule for using either "mun" or "gur-ra" is that those words which end in a vowel take the affix "mun," whilst those which end in a consonant take "gur-ra." A few examples will illustrate this. Kar-do, a married or betrothed person; ya-go, a woman; duko, a sister; kango, an uncle; ngoon do, a brother; form respectively in the plural kardomun, yagomun, dukomun, kangomun, ngoordomun; whilst goolang, a child, and mammul, a son, form in the plural golang gurra and mammul-gur-ra.
The genitive case of nouns is formed by the addition of either nk, or ung. This varies from district to district. The literal meaning of these words is of, or belonging to.
The accusative case is identical with the nominative, whilst the vocative is formed by affixing kau to the nominative; and I am inclined to doubt the existence of any other cases besides those I have here named.
The degrees of comparison of adjectives are very simple. The comparative degree is generally formed by the repetition of the word, whilst the superlative degree in all instances that I am acquainted with is formed by the addition of the intensitive jil; as gwabba, good; gwabba, gwabba, better; gwabba-jil, best.
The intensitive jil, the meaning of which is accurately rendered by the English word verily, is, however, equally applicable to substantives, interjections, and all other parts of speech; as "kardo jil," one who is in the direct line to be married to another; "kana jil?" eh, verily?
In forming the principal tenses of the verbs, but few difficulties present themselves. The present tense differs in but few instances from the infinitive mood. The preterite is nearly always formed by the addition of ga to the present, whilst the ​participle present is formed by the addition of een. This termination of the participle present becomes, however, in some districts, ween. Example:—
Present, yugow (to stand.)
Preterite, yu-ga-ga.
Participle present, yu-gow-een.
There are three kinds of preterite tense, which relate respectively to a time just elapsed, to a time which has elapsed by a small interval, and to a time which has long since elapsed. These are distinguished by prefixing to the regular preterite the words go-ree (just now), garum (a short time since), and gorah (a long time ago.)
There are also two kinds of future tense employed; the one expressing that an action is about to take place immediately, or within a short interval of time, and the other expressing that it will not take place until a considerable interval of time has elapsed. These future tenses are distinguished by the symbols "boorda" (presently), and "mela" (at a future time.) They are generally prefixed to the infinitive mood, but occasionally to the participle present. Whenever the first or second person singular of the future tense is employed, the pronouns respectively used are "nad joo" (I, or I will), "whune-doo" (you, or you will); as "nadjoo boorda yugow" (I will stand presently)
The imperative mood is formed by laying an additional emphasis upon the present tense.
No change takes place in the singular or plural number of the various tenses, and the different persons of a tense are formed by the mere addition of the characteristic pronouns.
All verbs have also a participle past, but I am unable to give any general rule for the formation of this participle.
Upon the proper use of the pronouns it is necessary to bestow the greatest care, for they are not only very complicated, but a slight change in the termination of one of them will altogether alter the force and meaning of a sentence; whilst by properly using them, an otherwise insignificant phrase is rendered replete with meaning. As this is more especially the case with regard to their dual nunmbers, I will here give these.
The first of these dual numbers is used relatively to brothers, sisters, or generally between two friends, implying, in fact, that two people stand to one another in the relation of brothers.
The second dual expresses two persons standing to one another in the relation of parent or child, uncle and nephew, &c., &c.
Whilst the third dual expresses that two persons, male and female, are either man and wife, or are greatly attached to each other.
| | 1st Dual. | 2d Dual. | 3d Dual. |
| We two, | Nga-lee, | Ngal-a, | Ngan-neetch. |
| Ye two, | New-bal, | New-bal, | New-bin, |
| They two, | Boola, | Bool-la-la, | Bool-lane. |
In addition to these, they have the first person of several other incomplete dual numbers, and also the first person of a number which expresses three, and which is constantly used. This is "ngal-a-ta" (we three.)
The genitive case of the personal pronouns is formed in the same manner as that of the nouns, by the mere addition of uk, or ung; although there is an exception to this rule in the genitive case of the second person singular, as will be seen below:—
| | Nominative. | Genitive. - |
| Thou, | Ngin-nee, | Nune-o luk. |
| He, she, or it, | Bal, | Bal-uk. |
| We, | Ngan-neel, | Ngan-neel-uk |
| Ye, | Nu-rang, | Nurang-uk. |
| They, | Bal goon, | Bal-goon-uk. |
The place of the different words in a sentence in this language is the same with the arrangement followed in most of the Eastern languages,—that is, the substantive always precedes the verb, or adjective; and the pronoun always precedes the noun to which it belongs.
The usual form of negation in a sentence, is by affixing the terminations burt or broo, both of which mean not; as nganya kattige-burt (I understand not.)
A question is always put by terminating the sentence with the interrogative interjection kana? (eh?) as nginnee watto murrije, kana? (you are going away, eh?)
It will be found that I have given only a few of the principal compound words. I have been induced to pursue this course for the sake of brevity, and because most of the compound words are formed according to the caprice of the speaker; but a compound word may be formed from any two verbs, taking care not to connect them by a conjunction, and indeed nearly all words may be compounded, according to the necessity of the case. The word most commonly used in compounds is "midde" (an agent); and all verbs may be rendered substantives by the addition of this word; for instance, the "kalga," or stick for pulling down the banksia cones, is equally represented by the word "mungyte-burrang-midde" (the mungyte bringing agent.)
One remarkable point in this language, and to which I should much wish to call the attention of any person studying it, is, that whenever any verbs express a similarity of action, this fact would appear to be denoted by a common termination being given to the iwfinitive mood of such verbs. An example will fully show what I mean.
A variety of verbs express the action of carrying; for instance,
Bur-rang, to carry off or bring.
Wun-dang, to wear, or carry on the back.
Moon-ang, to carry in the arms.
Deen-ang, to carry on the shoulders.
Go-tang, to carry in a bag.
All express the action of carrying, and have all a common termination. The same rule holds good with verbs expressing other actions; and I believe that if observations were made upon this point, much light might be thrown upon the origin and construction of this language.
In conclusion, I have to observe, that although this vocabulary stands in my name, I have received very important assistance in its compilation from many individuals; amongst others, from His Excellency the Governor, from Mr. Armstrong the Interpreter, from the Hon. G. F. Moore, Esq, and from the Messrs. Bussel, of the Vasse district.
A
Ad-jo, corruption of nad-jo; I will
Alla, that
Ar-da, merely, only; ya ga
Ar-din-ung, within, beneath
Ar-duc, low down; a corruption of the word nar duk
Ar-lin-gul, we
Arn-din, sick, ill, sore
Arn-ga, the beard; a corruption of nan-ga
B
Bab-ba, bad, foolish, childish, weak
Bab-bal-ya, pudendum
Bab een, a friend
Bad-do-een, thin, small, wasted
Bad-jang, matter from a bile or sore.
Bad-jé, interval between two stones or rocks near together; as boye-bad-jé, nginnoween
Bak-kan, to bite, hurt, pain, ache
Bal, he, she, it; the third person singular of all genders
Bal-beer-re, a long sort of dtuna; see dtuna
Bal beit, silly, foolish, giddy, childish
Bal-ga, a species of Xanthorea
Bal-goon, they
Bal-goop, them
Bal-gore, a leaf, a gum-leaf
Bal-gang, to track
Bal-jar-ra, uncovered, naked; mya-broo boka broo; as baljarra ngwundow, to sleep without a hut in the open air
Bal-la-ga-ra, species of opossum
Bal-la-jin, to attack, assault, slay. In some parts pronounced short, as badjiu
Bal-la-jin-een, fighting contest; bac-at chin, throwing spears
Bal-lar, secretly
Bal-lar-e jow, to hide
Bal-lar-oke, one of the principal families into which the natives are divided. The general laws relative to these families are, that no man can marry a woman of the same family name as himself: and that the children should always take the family name of their mother. As the sons inherit the property of their father, it follows that the land is never for two generations in the hands of men of the same family name, and in the event of the head of a family having had several wives of different family names, his land becomes divided between several new families. His male children also owe certain duties to their half-brothers, and other duties to the men of their own family name, which often clash with one another, and give rise to endless dissensions amongst them. The other principal families are the Dton dar-up, Na-gar-noke, No go-nyuk, and Ngotak; but there are again several subdivisions of these families
Bal-lee, on this side, this way, in this direction
Bal-look, accidentally, unintentionally
Bal-yan, dew, water resting on any thing in drops
Bal-ya-ta, "Boyee Balyata," a stone that cannot be moved; fixed form
Bal-yure, hungry, empty
Bam-ba, species of stingray fish. The natives will not eat this fish
Bam-bee, a bat
Ban-dak, outside, in the open air
Ban-de, a leg, a shank
Ban-dyne, hungry, (a Northern word)
Ban-gup, an animal that burrows in the ground, the walloby
Ban-ya, to sweat, perspire, drop water; sometimes it means wet
Bardang-nginnow, to jump
Bar-dang-een, fording, wading; as beloe bar dungeen, fording a river
Bar-dan-itch, a bittern
Bar-de. a white grub found in the xanthorea. These grubs have a fragrant, aromatic flavour, and form a favorite article of food amongst the natives; they are eaten either raw or roasted; they frequently form a sort of dessert after native repasts. The presence of these grubs in a grass-tree is thus ascertained: If the top of one of these trees is observed to be dead, the natives give it a few sharp kicks with their feet, when, if it contains any barde, it begins to give; if this take place, they then push it over, and, breaking the tree to pieces with their hammers, extract the barde
Bar-do, to go
Bar-dook, near, not far
Bar-nak, openly, publicly; as "Nadjo boorda-bar-nack wur rang," I will bye and bye inform
Bar-rab-a-ra, well, not ill
Bar-ra lin, joking, jesting, telling untruths
Bar-reet, deception, lying, deceit
Barro, species of xanthorea
Batta, the sun; a sort of rush with which the natives sew their cloaks
Bat-tar dal, lone-wild, trackless Bat-erre, rough, hard Be-an, to dig, scrape, scratch Be-a-ra, species of banksia; "
Beara Kalla," dead wood of the banksia Be dang ween un, pounding roots before eating them; Ya-dang-ween-nun Bee-bee, a breast, a nipple Bee-bil-yer, bird called the wild turkey Bee-dee, a vein, a path Bee-dee-eer, an old man with a large family, and having some weight among the other natives^ owing to this " mam-meiup bee-dee-eer"
Bee-na, down Bee-noon, lo pinch, to squeeze Bee-rai, daylight, the day Be-lar-a, a dead leaf, dried leaves Belli Belli, this or that side; superior, excellent Be-loe, a river, a stream; "
Gur-jyto ngoo-mon'* Bel-uk-a, enough, sufficient Be-rytcke, or Be-ytche, small cone of the banksia somewhat resembling the metjo; it burns slowly,, like a pastil Be-roke, the summer season. This season follows Kum-bar-rung, and is followed by Boor-no -roo, "Ngan-ga moor-doo-een"
Be-roon -na, north wind Ber-re, the nails; as Marra berre, hand nails Bet-tick, softly, noiselessly Betti-noon, to pinch Bid-doo-rook, or Bid-doo-rong, forenoon, about ten o'clock Bid-jak, stinking, offensive Bid-jar, sleep Bid-jar Ngwoondow, to sleep Bid-ji-roon-go, species of snake Bid-ye, in a dying state Be-dyle, charcoal Be-gyte, the forehead Bil-ga, the ancle Billang, as "
Billang gin-nung, " lifting up for the purpose of looking at a thing Bil-ya-go-rong, a species of bird Bil-yan-win, throwing off, taking off; asBokabil yan-win Bil-ye, the navel Bil-yup. a species of guana Bim-ban, to kiss; "
Neen-dyan"
(To be continued.) EDITED, PRINTED, AND PUBLISHED, BV CHARLES MACFAULL, AT THE GAZETTE OFFICE, PERTH. Terms of Subscription:-10.6d. per Quarter, if paid in advance; or. 12s. if paid at the end of the Quarter. Single number One shilling* Terms of Advertisements: For Eight lines 9«. 6d and 3d. per line above this number. > Advertisements must be paid for previously lo insertion.