OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cox v. Hart (145 U.S. 376)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
145 U.S. 376
Cox v. Hart
STATEMENT BY MR. JUSTICE HARLAN.
Eugene Williams, for plaintiffs in error.
W. Hallett Phillips, for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice HARLAN, after stating the facts in the foregoing language, delivered the opinion of the court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
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# Cox v. Hart (260 U.S. 427)

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
* sister projects: Wikidata item.
United States Supreme Court
260 U.S. 427
Cox v. Hart (260 U.S. 427)
Argued: Nov. 16, 1922. --- Decided: Dec 11, 1922
[Syllabus on pages 427-428 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Charles R. Pierce, of Washington, D. C., for appellant.
Messrs. Eugene W. Britt and William J. Hunsaker, both of Los Angeles, Cal., for appellee.
Mr. Justice SUTHERLAND delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Drake, Bernard

​DRAKE, Sir BERNARD (d. 1586), naval commander, was the eldest son of John Drake of Ashe, in the parish of Musbury, Devonshire, by his wife Amy, daughter of Sir Roger Grenville, knight, of Stowe, Cornwall. He is the subject of a well-known and oft-repeated anecdote by Prince (Worthies of Devon, p. 245). His story is that Sir Bernard Drake meeting Sir Francis Drake at court, gave him a box on the ear for assuming the red wyvern for his arms, and that the queen, resenting the affront, bestowed on Sir Francis ‘a new coat of everlasting honour,’ and, to add to the discomfiture of Sir Bernard, caused the red wyvern ‘to be hung up by the heels in the rigging of the ship’ on Sir Francis's crest. This story received some final touches at the hands of Miss Agnes Strickland, who transformed the solitary wyvern into three (Queens of England, iv. 451). Barrow first discredited it (Life of Sir Francis Drake, 1843, pp. 179–81), and it has since been demolished by H. H. Drake in the ‘Archæological Journal,’ xxx. 374, and in the ‘Transactions of the Devonshire Association,’ xv. 490. The simple fact is that Sir Francis Drake asked his kinsman for the family arms, of which he was himself ignorant. On 20 June 1585 Drake was commissioned ‘to proceed to Newfoundland to warn the English engaged in the fisheries there of the seizure of English ships in Spain, and to seize all ships in Newfoundland belonging to the king of Spain or any of his subjects, and to bring them into some of the western ports of England without dispersing any part of their lading until further orders’ (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1581–90, p. 246). He performed his mission so successfully that the queen knighted him at Greenwich 9 Jan. 1585–6 (Metcalfe, A Book of Knights, p. 136). On his return he had captured off the coast of Brittany ‘a great Portugal ship’ called the Lion of Viana, and brought her into Dartmouth (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1581–90, p. 295). The crew were sent to the prison adjoining Exeter Castle, in order to be tried at the ensuing spring assizes. On the day appointed a ‘noisom smell’ arose from the dock, ‘wherof died soone after the judge, Sir Arthur Bassett, Sir John Chichester, Sir Barnard Drake, and eleven of the jury.’ Drake had just strength to reach Crediton, and, dying there 10 April 1586, was buried in the church (Transactions of Devonshire Association, xv. 491 n.) Administration of his estate was granted in P. C. C., 3 May 1587, (Administration Act Book, 1587–91, f. 18). By his wife, Gertrude, daughter of Bartholomew Fortescue of Filleigh, Devonshire, he had six children: John, his heir, of Ashe; Hugh, whose estate was ​administered in the prerogative court on the same day as that of his father; another son; and Margaret, married to John Sherman; Mary; and Ellen, married to John Button. Lady Drake was buried 12 Feb. 1601 at Musbury. Their monument is the middle one of the three in the church of Musbury (inscription in the Antiquary, ii. 238).
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Drake, John Poad

​DRAKE, JOHN POAD (1794–1883), inventor and artist, baptised 20 July 1794 at Stoke Damerel, Devonshire, was the son of Thomas Drake, by his wife, Frances Poad. Thomas Drake was fourth in descent from one John Drake (1564–1640), a farmer, who has been wrongly identified with a cousin of the admiral, who accompanied Edward Fenton [q. v.] on his voyage in 1582, was wrecked in the river Plate, fell into the hands of the Spaniards, and was for a time in the Inquisition. Thomas Drake was for some time an official in the navy yard at Plymouth, and showed great independence of character, injuring his prospects by refusing to connive at malpractices, and consequently dying in obscurity in Jersey 20 May 1835. John Poad Drake showed a taste for drawing, which led his father to place him under an architectural draughtsman. In 1809 his skill was recognised by an appointment as apprentice to the builder in Plymouth Dockyard. He continued to study painting under a local artist, and disgust at the official neglect of his father led him to leave the service and become a painter by profession. He saw Napoleon on board the Bellerophon in Plymouth Sound, and produced a picture of the scene, which he carried to America. In Halifax, N.S., he was employed by the subscribers to paint a portrait of Justice Blowers, to be hung in the court house. He visited Montreal (where he painted an altarpiece) and New York, where his picture of Napoleon was exhibited and seen by Joseph Bonaparte among others. While painting he devised improvements in shipbuilding, substituting a diagonal for the parallelogrammatic arrangement of ribs and planking. He returned to England in 1827, and in 1837 patented his diagonal system and a screw trenail fastening. He fell into the hands of adventurers who prevented him from deriving any benefit from this patent. From 1829 to 1837 he was occupied with schemes for breechloading guns, and from 1832 to 1840 laid proposals before government for ironcased floating batteries and steam rams. He also invented schemes for facilitating the working of heavy cannon and for ‘impregnable revolving redoubts.’ Drake presented some of his schemes before the ordnance committees which sat from 1854 to 1856. He received many compliments, but did not succeed in obtaining the adoption of his inventions. The ‘Standard’ (26 Nov. 1866) stated that he had laid ‘the fundamental principle of the now called Snider Enfield’ before government in 1835.
Drake continued inventing to the last, and steadily pressed his claims upon government, but without success. He died at Fowey, Cornwall, 26 Feb. 1883. He was survived by an only child, H. H. Drake, editor of a new ‘History of Kent.’ For pedigree see Lieutenant-colonel Vivian's ‘Visitation of Cornwall,’ p. 496, of ‘Devon,’ pp. 291, 299.
[Information from H. H. Drake; Boase and Courtney's Bibl. Cornub. p. 1160; Mechanic's Magazine, lxvii. 242, 251–4, 393, 422, 493–5, 538, lxviii. 107, 181, 228, 542, 609, lxix. 61; Artisan, May 1852, March 1854; Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal, xv. 113.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Drakard, John

​DRAKARD, JOHN (1775?–1854), newspaper proprietor and publisher, commenced business at Stamford as a printer and book-seller at the beginning of this century. On 15 Sept. 1809 he started a weekly newspaper called ‘The Stamford News.’ On 13 March 1811 he was tried at Lincoln before Baron Wood and a special jury on an ex-officio information for libel, and was sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment in Lincoln Castle, and fined 200l. The subject-matter of the libel was an article published in Drakard's paper for 24 Aug. 1810, entitled ‘One Thousand Lashes,’ which dealt with the question of corporal punishment in the army. Drakard was defended by Brougham, but neither his eloquence, nor the fact that the Hunts, as proprietors of the ‘Examiner,’ had been previously acquitted on the charge of libel for publishing the greater portion of the very same article, were of any avail. Drakard was also the proprietor of the ‘Stamford Champion,’ a weekly newspaper which first appeared on 5 Jan. 1830, under the name of the ‘Champion of the East.’ In 1834 both newspapers ceased to exist, and Drakard retired to Ripley, Yorkshire, where he lived in necessitous circumstances. He died at Ripon on 25 Jan. 1854, aged 79. In politics he was an advanced radical. Drakard was a defendant in several libel suits, and is said to have been horsewhipped in his own shop by Lord Cardigan for some remarks which had appeared in the ‘Stamford News.’ The authorship of the two following works (both of which were published by him) has been attributed to Drakard, but it is more than doubtful whether he had any share in their compilation: 1. ‘Drakard's Edition of the Public and Private Life of Colonel Wardle. … Introduced by an original Essay on Reform,’ &c., Stamford [1810?], 8vo. 2. ‘The History of Stamford, in the County of Lincoln, comprising its ancient, progressive, and modern state; with an Account of St. Martin's, Stamford Baron, and Great and Little Wothorpe, Northamptonshire,’ Stamford, 1822, 8vo.
G. F. R. B.
# Creole Sketches/Des Perches

DES PERCHES
Daily he goeth out beyond the limits of the city into lonesome and swampy places where copperheads and rattlesnakes abound.
And there he cutteth him clothes-poles, wherewith he marcheth through the city in the burning glare of the sun; singing ​a refrain simple in words but weird in music.
A long and lamentable sobbing cry, as of one in exceeding great pain and anguish.
So sorrowful in sooth that the sorrow of the city drowneth the sound and sense of the words, — the words chanted in ancient Creole patois —
And we, listening to the cry, gave ourselves up to solemn meditation;
Dreaming of the cries of anguish that arise when a clothes-line, heavily burdened with its snowy freight, falleth upon the mud;
And the poor little woman sitteth down and crieth till her eyes are red, ere she findeth courage to commence all over again, and mend the clothes-line.
It is to avoid these things that men should buy clothes-poles.
Des perches!
And hearing the ancient negro once ​more lifting up his voice, we also remembered
That often in the dead waste and middle of the night, while meandering about the black backyard,
We were suddenly and violently smitten on the nostrils by the treacherous clothes-pole, hidden between lines of white sheets and shirts that waved their empty arms like spectres.
Also, we remembered how the wet linen fell upon our sacred person; and how we tried to lift up the clothes-pole again but could not; —
For the cunning of the washerwoman was not given to us.
But notwithstanding these things we do bless the clothes-poles, and him that sells them, remembering the service they do to the indispensable washerwoman.
Des perches! — des perches!
# Creole Sketches/Ghosteses

GHOSTESES
Midnight in an Ultra-Canal Pension.
You not know vat be dat noise of foots up de stair. Dat be de ole man vat die in my house ago ten year.
I see him now in my t'ought, 'sleep in ze berceuse; afraid to go to his room for cause of vat you call farfadet — goblin and ghosteses.
He vas very, very old, and he see always of tings vat not exist. He be much ​torment by goblin and ghosteses vat valk all roun' de house in de night; an' he say it vas one curssed house and one curssed city. He tell me dat people dressed like vas dress since one hoondred year come in his room in de middle of de night; dat he lock de door but not could dem keep out; dat dey sit silent and make at him face horrible and not speak and not make shadow on de door.
Den he commence to us avake. In de middle of de night he knock at mine door and say, — "Monsieur, mount to my room for dat dere be one man dead in my chamber." So I mount and look and not see no man dead. "He go himself away," say de ole man, "for dat he hear you on stair. But have made stop my clock and my vatch." And I see dat de clock and de vatch not more march, — I not know how.
After dat he often tell me vat dere be in his bed dead vomans; and dat dead beoples ​him look at trough de vindow. So he become afraid more to bed go, and ven he mount he not himself sleep, but valk all night on de gallery, one lantern in his hand, and shoes all vat be of mos' heavy for drive away ghosteses — ta-ta — tatata-tata — all de long of de night. Much also he sing in de night and swear for dat dis be one curssed country of ghosteses. Also he swear at proprietor of house; for dat he not chase ghosteses.
So it arrive at las' dat not person in de house could himself to sleep go, and dat all de vorld begin to demselves much fatigue. Den dey construct one goblin of vatermelon and inside one candle light; and dey it put on stick and one sheet of bed to make look like fantome. So it come to arrive dat ven de ole man march himself he see one goblin march more horrible dan he have before ever see. So he let fall his lantern — vat cost tirteen ​dollar —, and try to descend stair for me avake for dat I chase him de goblin. But he fall de top to bottom of stair, and make himself much of hurt. Never again he not speak and soon he be dead, and no person much sorry himself. But it vas much vicked!
It ten year since he be dead; but all de night he march like he march oder time. No one afraid; de ghost of de ole man not make much hurt to personne!
# Creole Sketches/Furnished Rooms

FURNISHED ROOMS
I not understan' for vat some peoples ask of prizes so much elevate for dere garneesh room — I much mistruss myself of such peoples; — I believe dey all be of vat mos' vicked.
Firs', I go for ask prize of room in my street of de ——, for dat I observe of sign "Room garneesh" at door, Dey to me show one room well garneesh on t'ird floor — one big more as one cell of monk, an' I ask of dem de prize. Dey tell me de prize be t'irty dollaire by week. So dat I find myself much astonish, and I ask for see one oder of room. So dey show to me one oder of room on second floor; an' I ask de prize — ven dey tell to me forty-tree dollaire by week. It be one room of behind; so I demand for dat I see one room of ​before for curiosité. Den dey tell me vat de room of before be fifty dollaire for me, but for any oder one seexty dollaire by week. So I begin to take dem for mads; and dey ask me if I not deseer to see one room of de firs' floor, an' I say, "No — deveel! Vat for I see one sacré room vat cos' one hoondred dollaire? — better as I buy to myself one hoondred dollaire of mustard!" "Not one hoondred of dollaire," dey tell — "not more as one seventy-five dollaire."
And ven dat I save myself from de house away, dey laugh like all vat be of mos' idiot. Seventy-five of dollaire! Seventy-five tousand of deveels!
After I go see again more of house, and I find myself all astound. For de room vat I see of mos' good market dey ask seexteen dollaire by week — it be vat you call one attique. Oder rooms not be more as seventee, eightee, one hoondred dollaire ​by mont — always in advance to pay. Vat mos' I have not understan' be dat I not see one room rent in all of house — not even one. It make me to tink vat dey not ever be rent — even for dat dey have sign "Room garneesh." And I tink dey all vat be of mos' vicked — for dat how can dey make for pay rent vit room empties vitout as dey be not honeste? It is so as I tink, and I tink also dat de poleeses not ought — but de poleeses! de poleeses! — to vat good dat I talk of de poleeses!
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cockin, William

​COCKIN, WILLIAM (1736–1801), author, son of Marmaduke Cockin, was born at Burton in Kendal, Westmoreland, in September 1736. After a short time spent as a teacher in schools in London, he was in 1764 appointed writing-master and accountant to the grammar school at Lancaster, a situation he held for twenty years. He was afterwards for eight years at Mr. Blanchard's academy at Nottingham, and then retired to his native town. He was a friend of Romney the painter, and of the Rev. Thomas Wilson of Clitheroe, and he died at the house of the former, at Kendal, on 30 May 1801, aged 65. He was buried at Burton. He was the author of the following works : 1. 'Rational and Practical Arithmetic,' 1766, 8vo. 2. 'The Art of Delivering Written Language,' 1775. 3. 'Occasional Attempts in Verse,' privately printed at Kendal, 1776, 8vo. 4. 'Ode to the Genius of the Lakes,' 1780, 4to. 5. 'The Theory of the Syphon,' 1781. 6. ' The Fall of Scepticism and Infidelity predicted,' 1788, 8vo. 7. 'The Freedom of Human Action explained,' 1791, 8vo. 8. 'The Rural Sabbath,' a poem, 1805, 12mo. This posthumous volume includes a reprint of the 'Ode ​to the Lakes,' with, biographical notes. He also assisted in the compilation of West's 'Guide to the Lakes,' and contributed to the 'Philosophical Transactions' 'An Account of an Extraordinary Appearance in a Mist near Lancaster' (Phil. Trans. (1780), lxx. 157).
[Account of the Author in Cockin's Rural Sabbath; Rev. T. Wilson's Miscellanies, ed. Raines (Chatham Society), p. lviii; Hayley's Life of G. Romney, 1809, pp. 278-9, 295-6; Gent. Mag. 1801, pt. i. p. 575.]
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cockings, George

​COCKINGS, GEORGE (d. 1802), writer, had a small place under the British government at Boston, America. Returning to England he obtained the post of registrar of the Society of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce in the Adelphi. After holding this for thirty years, he died on 6 Feb. 1802. His American experiences led him to write poems and dramas, which, in respect of construction and literary style, are of the feeblest order. Some of these obtained a measure of success, and went through three or four editions in America and England. His writings include 'The Conquest of Canada, or the Siege of Quebec,' an historical tragedy in five acts, 8vo, 1766, a contemptible production without either form or significance; 'Benevolence and Gratitude,' a poem, London, 1772, 8vo; 'War, an Heroic Poem, from the Taking of Minorca by the French to the Reduction of the Havannah,' 1760, 8vo, and 2 vols. in one, including some minor poems, 2nd edit. Boston, N.E., 1762, 4th edit. 1765, and again in 1785; 'Poems on several Subjects,' London, 1772, 8vo; 'Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce,' a poem, London, 1766, 8vo, and 1769, 8vo.
[Baker, Reed, and Jones's Biographia Dramatica; Allibone's Critical Dictionary of English Literature; Gilliland's Dramatic Mirror, 1808.]
J. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cocks, Arthur Herbert

​COCKS, ARTHUR HERBERT (1819–1881), Bengal civilian, third son of Colonel the Hon. Philip James Cocks, M.P., who was second son of Sir Charles Somers-Cocks, created first Lord Somers of the second creation, and half brother of the first Earl Somers by Frances, daughter of Arthur Herbert of Brusterfield, co. Kerry, was born on 18 April 1819. He received a nomination to the Indian civil service, and after finishing his education at Haileybury College he went to Bengal in 1837. He soon became very popular and gave marked signs of ability, and was one of the young Bengal civilians sent to Sir Charles Napier when, after the conquest of Scinde, he asked for administrators. He gave great satisfaction to Napier, and on the outbreak of the second Sikh war in 1848 he was attached to Lord Gough's headquarters as political officer. In this capacity he showed great courage and coolness in the battle of Chillianwallah, the affair of Ramnuggur, and the battle of Goojerat, and during the latter battle he rode away from the staff and engaged in a hand-to-hand fight with a Sikh sowar, who was threatening to attack the commander-in-chief and his escort, and was wounded. Lord Gough was so pleased with this gallant action that he presented Cocks with the sword he was wearing, and for his services throughout the campaign he received the Punjab war medal. Immediately after the peace Cocks was attached to the famous Punjab commission. He was one of the most distinguished of this band of famous men, and a friend of Sir Robert Montgomery, Sir Herbert Edwardes, John Nicholson, and others, though his early retirement caused him to be less known. On 15 April 1847 he married Anna Marian Jessie, daughter of Lieutenant-general John Eckford, C.B. In 1860 he was made a C.B., and in 1863 he resigned the Bengal civil service and returned to England. During the mutiny his district had fortunately been undisturbed, so he did not gain so much credit as some of his colleagues; but his talent for administration, with the extraordinary affection he won from the natives, would have secured his promotion to high office if he had cared for it. On his retirement he settled down into a country squire; he became a J.P. for Worcestershire, and acted as captain in the Worcestershire militia from 1865 to 1872. He died at his house in Ashburn Place, London, on 29 Aug. 1881. He left three sons, of whom the eldest is (1887) heir-presumptive to the barony of Somers.
[Foster's Peerage; Times obituary notice, 2 Sept. 1883; Lady Edwardes's Memorial of Sir Herbert Edwardes.]
H. M. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cockson, Thomas

[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Walpole's Anecdotes of Painters, ed. Dallaway and Wornum; Leblanc's Manuel de l'amateur d'estampes; Nagler's Monogrammisten, v.]
L. C.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cockerell, Samuel Pepys

​COCKERELL, SAMUEL PEPYS (1754–1827), architect, was son of John Cockerell of Bishop's Hall, Somersetshire, by Frances Jackson, his wife, and brother of Sir Charles Cockerell, M.P., of Sezincote, Gloucestershire, who was created a baronet in 1809. His mother was daughter of John Jackson, the nephew and heir of Samuel Pepys, and through her Cockerell became the representative, and inherited many interesting relics, of the great diarist. He was a pupil of Sir Robert Taylor, and soon rose to eminence in his profession, gaining an extensive practice towards the end of the century. He held the appointment of surveyor to the East India House, and was district surveyor under the building acts of parliament, besides filling other important professional offices. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1785, sending some designs for ornamental structures in the park of White Knights in Berkshire. He did not exhibit again till 1792, from which year up to 1803 he was a frequent contributor, chiefly of designs for mansions and churches. In 1796-8 he rebuilt the church of St. Martin Outwich, London, his most important work, some of the designs for which he sent to the Royal Academy. This church was pulled down in 1874. He built several large and handsome residences, and was employed in altering many more, among those designed or improved by him being Middleton Hall, Carmarthenshire, Gore Court, near Sittingbourne, Kent, and Nutwell Court, near Exeter. Cockerell lived at the house at the corner of Savile Row and Burlington Street, and latterly at Westbourne Lodge, Paddington, where he died on 12 July 1827, aged 74. He married Ann, daughter and coheiress of John Whetham of St. Ives, by whom he had six sons and five daughters; one of his sons was Charles Robert Cockerell [q. v.], a far more distinguished architect than his father. Sir William Beechey painted a half-length portrait of Cockerell, which was engraved in mezzotint by Hodgetts, and published on 9 Aug. 1834. There is also a profile by George Dance, engraved by Daniell.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760-1880; Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, ed. Bright, Appendix; Builder, 26 Sept. 1863; Evans's Cat. of Portraits; Catalogues of the Royal Academy.]
L. C.