# The Zoologist/4th series, vol 6 (1902)

THE ZOOLOGIST:
A MONTHLY JOURNAL
OF
NATURAL HISTORY.
FOURTH SERIES.—VOL. VI.
EDITED BY
W.L. DISTANT
LONDON:
WEST, NEWMAN, & CO., 54, HATTON GARDEN. SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., Ltd.
1902.
PREFACE.
In the annual prefatory contribution to 'The Zoologist,' we are apt to notice any new feature in the volume. On this occasion attention is attracted by the number of communications received from the more remote parts of the British dominions. Canada, West, Central, and South Africa, India, Ceylon, Burma, Australia, and Tasmania have alike furnished zoological records. We hope that our pages may be still more informative of the great fauna to be found by colonists and travellers in a region over which the sun never sets, that exhibits the extremes of temperature, and comprises great districts still awaiting the visit of a naturalist.
Our contributors have ably maintained the position of 'The Zoologist' as the journal for animal bionomics, and in this work the ornithologists are again far in front. Ornithology and entomology are the studies which now impel most field-work, and for actual observations the followers of the first science appear to almost excel those of the second, a conclusion hitherto scarcely suspected—at least by the writer.
There are many invertebrates which are practically ignored in our pages. Our "Notes and Queries" afford a good index to the animals which are most observed by our readers and contributors; but we still hope, as is our annual custom, that these neglected orders may receive more attention. We do not ask contributors to neglect or go beyond their own subject, but they would confer a service to zoology by enlisting any students and observers of invertebrates—especially marine—with whom they ​might come in contact as correspondents to 'The Zoologist,' and thus make the Journal still more recognized as the record for zoological observations.
If last year was "an Okapia year," the principal zoological revelation of 1902 has also appertained to the Mammalia. We refer to the palæontological discoveries made by Dr. C.W. Andrews in a Pliocene deposit on the Wadi-Natrun, Egypt. The specimens found are the first evidence of the actual inhabitants of an early tertiary Ethiopian continent, the existence of which, though suspected on various grounds, had never been proved. Already this discovery has cleared up several important questions of geographical distribution, and has also shown definitely the point of origin of the Proboscidea and some other groups. Palæontology is not solely a section of Geology, as is too frequently held; it cannot be divorced from Zoology. Palæontology is Zoology studied by the light of Geology, and thus comes within the scope and purpose of this Journal.
Contents of Issues
CONTENTS.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
Aplin, O.V., F.L.S., M.B.O.U.
    The birds of Bardsey Island, with additional notes on the birds of Lleyn, 8, 107; Shoveler in Herts, 68; Plumage of Montagu's Harrier, 435; Catalogue of the Vertebrate Animals of Oxfordshire, 440
Arnold, E.C.
    Differences between immature Blue-headed and ordinary Yellow Wagtails, 24
Bingham, Col. C.T.
    Lionel de Niceville, 21; The Jay in London, 279
Bird, M.C.H.
    A question of coloration, 150
Blathwayt, Rev. F.L.
    The Roseate Tern on the Farne Islands, 53; Breeding of the Lesser Redpoll in Somerset, 66; Little Owl and Shore-Lark in Lincolnshire, 112; The White Wagtail on the Somerset coast, 464
Bradley, S.H. Burton
    Collecting spiders in Australia, 152
Braithwaite, C.
    Little Bunting in Durham, 466
Bucknill, John A., M.A.
    Red Grouse in Surrey, 68; Ornithological notes from Surrey, 223, 305
Bulman, G.W.
    The constancy of the Bee, 220
Butler, A.G., Ph.D., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
    A mimicking Song-Thrush, 193; Avicultural experiences during about twenty years' study of birds in captivity, 241
Butterfield, E.P.
    Notes from Wilsden, Yorkshire, 31; Lesser Redpoll breeding in Yorkshire, 193
Butterfield, W. Ruskin
    Motacilla beema in Sussex, 232
Buxton, C.S.
    Wood-Sandpiper in the Orkney Islands, 391
Cambridge, Frederick Pickard
    John Clavell Mansel-Pleydell, 191; Birds in the Valley of the Namsen, 352
Cambridge, Rev. O. Pickard
    Migration of Jays, 466; on the songs of birds, 468
Cameron, Kenneth J.
    Animal sense perceptions, 394
Coburn, F.
    Holboell's Redpoll in Ireland, 278; Grey Plover in Birmingham, 280; Red-throated Pipit in Ireland, 313; Dusky Redshank in Worcestershire and Warwickshire, 316; Black-tailed Godwit in Ireland in mid-winter, 316; On the specific validity of Anser gambeli (Hartlaub), and its position as a British bird. 337; On a lost British Wild Goose, 441
Corbin, G.B.
    Varieties of Blackbird, Thrush, and Starling, 192; Wild Duck—female in male plumage, 195; Migration of Jays, 434; The Longeared Owl, 435
Costello, J.S.
    The Indian Pariah Kite—a record of observations made during the nesting period, 460
Coward, T.A.
    Notes on the birds of Anglesea, 401; Knot inland in Cheshire, 467
Cummings, S.G.
    Cirl Bunting in Carnarvonshire and Cardiganshire, 354; Redbacked Shrike in Anglesea, 433
​Dalgliesh, Gordon
    Rare birds in Surrey, 32; The food of the Water-Vole, 66; Birds collected and observed in the Darbhanga District, Tirhoot, Bengal, 201, 384, 449; Mole-Cricket in Surrey, 233
Davenport, H.S.
    On the feigning of injury by the Lapwing to attract attention from its young, 70
Dickinson, G.
    Hoopoe near Wick, 435
Distant, W.L.
    Biological suggestions—Animal sense perceptions, 161; Mole-Cricket, 233; South African Hares, 432; Morphological interpretation, 436; West African leaf-gall, 438
Edwards, L.A. Curtis
    Red-throated Pipit in Sussex, 25
Ellemore, F.J.
    The birds of the Transvaal—notes made at Waterval Onder, 189
Elliott, J. Steele
    A former Warwickshire heronry, 195
Finn, Frank, B.A., F.Z.S.
    Pairing manoeuvres of birds, 71; Notes on the White-breasted Kingfisher, 149; Notes on the nesting of the Indian Dabchick, 300
Forrest, H.E.
    Materials of Dormouse's nest, 23; Nutcracker in Herefordshire, 25
Fry, Harold
    Animal sense perceptions, 392
Fox, W. Storrs
    Colouring of Stercorarius crepidatus, 439
Gill, E. Leonard
    Early Flycatcher in Northumberland, 193; Condor laying in confinement, 194
Graves, Frank S.
    Wood-Warbler in the Isle of Man, 23
Green, E. Ernest
    Morphological interpretation, 436
Grubb, D.B.
    Breeding of the Ringed Plover in Worcestershire, 316
Gunning, Dr. J.W.B.
    Hybrid between Donkey and Burchell's Zebra, 192
Gurney, J.H., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
    Tengmalm's Owl in Northamptonshire, 68; Ornithological notes for 1901 from Norfolk and the north of Suffolk, 81, 198; Allen's Gallinule near Yarmouth, 150
Haagner, Alwin C.
    Some habits of South African Hares, 432
Haigh, G.H. Caton
    Gadwall in Merionethshire, 112; Migration of birds in N.E. Lincolnshire during the autumn of 1901, 121
Hammond, W. Oxenden
    Dicranula vinula larvæ making the most of difficulties, 392
Hepburn, Thomas
    Notes on birds made during three short visits to the beach at Dungeness, 59; Sea-birds and Plovers noticed in Lancashire and Cumberland, 374
Hillyer, W. Henry
    A remarkable West African leafgall, 438
Hollis, Edwin
    Collecting small mammals in N.W.T. Canada, 294
Horton, B.J.
    The habits of the Grass-Snake in confinement, 356
Horwood, Rev. A.R.
    Statistics relating to British birds, 55
Howard, H.E., F.Z.S.
    On Mr. Selous' theory of the origin of nests, 145; Cirl-Bunting in Ireland, 353; The birds of Sark, and variation in song, 416
Jennings, Henry
    Shoveler in Herts, 27
Jourdain, Rev. Francis C. R., M.A., M.B.O.U.
    Breeding of the Bittern in Herts in 1849, 315; Rough notes on Derbyshire ornithology (1900–1902), 455
Kelso, J.E.H.
    Unusual nest of the Ringed Plover, 28
Langdale, Rev. H. Marmaduke
    Ornithological incidents at Petersfield, 436
Lewis, Stanley
    Notes on the nesting of a pair of Green Woodpeckers at Wells, Somerset, 313 ​Littler, Frank M., M.A.O.U.
    Notes on the Lesser White-backed Magpie in Tasmania, 428
Lodge, G.E.
    Lesser Grey Shrike in Norfolk, 433
Marchant, S.H. Le
    Red Grouse in Surrey, 27
Morley, John
    Pine-Marten in Ross-shire, 192
Murdoch, G.W.
    Erasmus as a naturalist, 281
Newman, T.P., F.R. Met. Soc.
    The spring migration of Swallows, 233
Nicoll, Michael J.
    Late Redstart and Tree-Pipit, &c., 111; Differences between immature Blue-headed and Yellow Wagtails, 112; Sand-Lizards at St. Leonards-on-Sea, 113; Breeding of Linota rufescens on Wimbledon Common, 313; A British example of the White-spotted Bluethroat, 464; Water Pipit in Sussex, 465
Oldham, Charles
    Sooty Tern in Lancashire, 355; Notes on the birds of Anglesea, 401
Palmer, John
    Eggs of the Cuckoo in nests of the Hawfinch, 279
Parkin, Thomas
    Moor-hen breeding in a Rook's nest, 279
Patterson, Arthur
    Waxwings at Great Yarmouth, 25; Notes from Great Yarmouth, 73, 390, 392; The food of the Water-Vole, 111; White-beaked Dolphin at Great Yarmouth, 390
Ralfe, P.
    Birds of the Isle of Man, 32
Ramsbotham, R.H.
    A little-known action of the Kingfisher, 149
Read, Robert H.
    Marsh-Warbler in Somerset, 23; Yellow-billed Cuckoo in Somerset, 26, 73
Renshaw, Graham, M.B.
    Notes on a private collection of living mammals during 1900–02, 179; Notes from some Zoological Gardens of Western Europe, 361
Riviere, Bernard B.
    King-Eider in Fifeshire, 27; On the feigning of injury by the Lapwing to attract attention from its young, 29; Moorhens feeding young, 436
Roberts, T. Vaughan
    Black variety of Water-Vole, 232
Rope, G.T.
    Duration of life in Helix pomatia, 151
Salter, Prof. J.H.
    Ornithological notes from Mid-Wales, 1; The Tree-Sparrow in Cardiganshire, 25
Saxby, T. Edmondston
    Ornithological notes from Shetland, 112, 468
Sclater, W.L., M.A., F.Z.S.
    Some account of the Ground Hornbill, or Brom-Vogel, 49
Selous, Edmund
    An observational diary of the habits, mostly domestic, of the Great Crested Grebe, and of the Peewit, with some general remarks, 133; Note on the Pairing of Moor-hens, 196; Variations in colouring of Stercorarius crepidatus, 368
Service, Robert
    Hugh Alexander Macpherson, M.A., 18; The Black-headed Gull—some modifications of habits, 216
Shepheard-Walwyn, H.W.
    "Making the best of difficulties," 439
Smith, Geoffrey
    The temperature of insects, 287
Southwell, Thomas, F.Z.S.
    Notes on the Seal and Whale Fishery of 1901, 41; The Saw-fish in British waters, 114
Stebbing, Rev. Thomas R., M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
    Lynceus and the Lynceidæ, 101
Swainson, E.A.
    Nesting of the Hawfinch in Breconshire, 465
Swinhoe, Rodway C.J.
    Prehistoric Man in Burma, 321
Ticehurst, N.F., M.A., M.B.O.U. and Ticehurst, C.B.
    An account of the birds met with during a short stay in East Finmark, 261
​Townsend, G.
    Great Black Woodpecker, 25
Tristram, Rev. Canon H. B.
    Curious accident to a Kingfisher, 68
Tuck, Rev. Julian G., M.A.
    Green Woodpecker boring in winter, 67; Notes from Suffolk, 407; 'Victorian History of Suffolk,' 469
Westell, W. Percival
    Little Bustard in Sussex, 70
Whitaker, J.
    The Two-barred Crossbill in Nottinghamshire, 353
Williams & Son
    Glossy Ibis in Ireland, 467; A curious Water-Rail, 467
Wilson, W.
    Kingfisher near Aberdeen, 27; Notes from Aberdeen, 197; White Rook at Aberdeen, 232; Migrants at Aberdeen, 233; Notes on the Cuckoo in Aberdeen, 354
Wright, W.C.
    Golden Eagle in Co. Donegal, 150; Ravens nesting in Co. Antrim, 194; Grasshopper-Warbler near Laine, Co. Antrim, 278
Workman, W.H., M.B.O.U.
    Nesting of the Moor-hen, 27; Golden Eagle in Co. Donegal, 150; Ornithological notes from the west coast of Scotland, 423
ILLUSTRATIONS.
| | page |
| PlateI. Rolled fragments of bone from the Burmese ferruginous conglomerate | to face  321 |
| Plate„II. Seasonal changes of Addax nasomaculatus | to face„ 362 |
| Plate„ III. Anser paludosus, Strickl., and A. segetum, Gmel. | to face„ 441 |
| Nest of the Ringed Plover (Ægialitis hiaticula) | 28 |
| The Ground Hornbill, or Brom-Vogel (Bucorax cafer) | 49 |
| Heronry at Reedham | 84 |
| Fir-cone chipped by Picus major | 95 |
| Lynceus brachyurus, O. F. Müller | 106 |
| Nest of Fieldfare | 265 |
| Nest of Bluethroat | 267 |
| Portion of map of Yenangyoung oil-field | 322 |
| Antenna of male Monophlebus | 437 |
| West African leaf-gall | 438 |
| Anser paludosus (front view of bill) | 445 |
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SUBJECTS.
Aberdeen, notes from, 197
Aberrancies, piscine, 78
Acanthis cannabina, 422; linaria, 270
Accentor modularis, 13, 124, 422
Accipiter cirrhocephalus, 431; nisus, 128, 215, 422; virgatus, 215
Acridotheres cristatellus, 249, 250; ginginianus, 205; tristis, 204
Acrocephalus dumetorum, 203; palustris, 23; phragmitis, 13, 59, 124; streperus, 59, 226
Addax nasomaculatus, 363
Ægialitis alexandrina, 387; cantiana, 62; dubia, 387; hiaticula, 28, 62, 275, 308, 316, 374, 424; mongolica, 387
Ægithina tiphia, 202
Æsalon chicquera, 215
Æthiospar fuscus, 205
Aex galericulata, 72; sponsa, 72
Agama sp., 393
Alario alario, 248
Alauda arvensis, 60, 127, 197, 422; gulgula, 208
Alca torda, 16, 422
Alcedo ispida, 27, 68, 127, 149, 210, 228, 422
Amadina, 244; fasciata, 251
Amaurornis phœnicurus, 386
Ampelis garrulus, 25, 113, 227
Amydrus morio, 190
Anas boscas, 61, 128, 195, 451; pœcilorhyncha, 451; strepera, 112
Anastomus oscitans, 450
Anglesea, birds of, 401
Animal blood-relationship, 38; sense perceptions, 161, 392, 394
Animals, dumb, panic of, previous to eruption at Martinique, &c., 237; Vertebrate, of Oxfordshire, 440
Anser albifrons, 337; brachyrhynchus, 128; cinereus, 306; erythropus, 273, 337; gambeli, specific validity of and position as a British bird, 337; indicus, 451, paludosus, 421,—fig., 425; segetum, 306
Antelope, Addax, Brindled Gnu, Eland, and Roan, in confinement, 363, 364
Antennæ of Coccidæ, 437
Anthropoides virgo, 386
Anthus cervinus, 25, 269, 313; maculatus, 207; obscurus, 13, 125, 422; pratensis, 13, 60, 125, 269; rufulus, 208; spipoletta, 465; trivialis, 112
Antlers and horns, evolution of, 158
Apis mellifica, 221
Aquila chrysaëtus, 150, 425; hastata, 213
Arachnechthra asiatica, 208
Ardea cinerea, 61, 128, 422, 450; manillensis, 450
Ardeola grayi, 450
Ardetta cinnamomea, 450; minuta, 305; sinensis, 450
Argya caudata, 202
Arvicola amphibius, 66, 111
Asio accipitrinus, 128, 213; otus, 113, 128, 229, 435
Astur badius, 215
Athene brama, 212; noctua, 112
Australia, collecting in, 152; Green Frog of, 158; spiders of, 152; protective coloration of birds and their nests, 139
Avicola amphibius, 232
Avicultural notes, 99; experiences of birds in captivity, 241
Bardsey Island and Lleyn, birds of, 8, 107, 108
Batis molitor, 189
Bee, constancy of, 220
Bengal, birds of, collected and observed in the Darbhanga District, Tirhoot, 201, 384, 449
Bernicla leucopsis, 306, 426
Biological Suggestions — animal sense perceptions, 161
Birds of Bardsey Island and Lleyn, 8, 107, 108; rare in Surrey, 32; of Isle of Man, 32; British, statistics relating to, 55,—Mr. F. Coburn's collection of, 118; of Dungeness, 59; pairing manœuvres of, 71; migration of, 121, 233; of the Transvaal, 189; Australian, protective coloration of, 199; of the Darbhanga District, Tirhoot, Bengal, 201, 384, 449; in captivity, ​241; of East Finmark, 261; in the Valley of the Namsen, 352; Sea-, and Plovers, in Lancashire and Cumberland, 374; of Anglesea, 401; of Sark, 416; songs of, 247, 417, 468
Bittern breeding in Herts in 1849, 315, 356
Blackbird, nesting habits in Furness, 200; variety, 192
Blood-relationship, animal, Friedenthal's experimental proof of, 38
Bluethroat, nest, fig., 267; Whitespotted, British example, 464
Books Noticed:—
    Zoology: an Elementary TextBook, by A.E. Shipley, 33
    The Protozoa, by Gary N. Calkins, 34
    The Birds of South Africa, by Arthur C. Stark, completed by W.L. Sclater, M.A., 35
    Photography for Naturalists, by Douglas English, 36
    A Ready Aid to Distinguish British Wild Birds, by David T. Price, 37
    Notes for Sportsmen and Travellers in the Soudan, 38
    Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution, his Life and Work, with Translations of his Writings on Organic Evolution, by Alpheus S. Packard, 74
    Regeneration, by Thos. Hunt Morgan, 75
    Insect Life—Souvenirs of a Natu ralist, by J.-H. Fabre, 76
    A Textbook of Zoology, by G.P. Mudge, 77
    Notes and Letters on the Natural History of Norfolk, more especially on the Birds and Fishes from the MSS. of Sir Thomas Browne, with Notes by Thomas Southwell, 78
    Thirteenth Annual Beport of the Delegates of the Oxford University Museum (for 1900), 80
    The Home Life of Wild Birds, a New Method of the Study and Photography of Birds, by Francis Hobart Herrick, 115
    Atlas of Practical Elementary Zootomy, being a Revised Edition of the Zoological Portion of the Atlas of Practical Elementary Biology, by G.B. Howes, 116
    Bird Hunting on the White Nile, by Harry F. Witherby, 116
    The Vertebrate Fauna of Bedfordshire—Birds, by J. Steele-Elliott, 117
    The Birds of North and Middle America, by Robert Ridgway, Part I., Fam. Fringillidæ, 154
    Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 155
    U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 156
    The Naturalist on the Thames, by C.J. Cornish, 234
    A Treatise on the Birds of Gloucestershire, with a Reference List of all the Species known to have appeared in the County, by W.L. Mellersh, 235
    Moose-Hunting, Salmon-Fishing, and other Sketches of Sport, by T.R. Pattillo, 236
    The Cambridge Natural History—Mammalia, by Frank Evers Beddard, 317
    The Butterflies and Moths of Europe, by W.F. Kirby, 318
    Atlante Ornitologico—Uccelli Europei, con Notizie d'Indole Generale e Particolare, del Dr. E.Arrigoni degli Oddi, 357
    Descriptive Catalogue of the Coleoptera of South Africa, by L. Péringuey, 358
    Ootheca Wolleyana, an Illustrated Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs formed by the late John Wolley, Jun., edited from the original notes by Alfred Newton, Part II., Picariæ-Passeres, 395
    Zoological Results, based on Material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands, and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895–97, by Arthur Willey, 396
    Our Country's Fishes, and how to know them—a Guide to all the Fishes of Great Britain, by W.J. Gordon, 397
    A Glossary of Popular, Local, and Old-fashioned Names of British Birds, by Charles Louis Hett, 398
    The Early Life of the Young Cuckoo, by W. Percival Westell, 398
    Salmon and Trout, by Deane Sage, C.H. Townsend, H.M. Smith, and W.C. Harris, 470 ​
    The Forests of Upper India and their Inhabitants, by Thomas W. Webber, 471
    Handbook of Instructions for Collectors, issued by the British Museum, 472
Botaurus stellaris, 305, 315, 450
Brachypternus aurantius, 209
Breeding of Lesser Redpoll in Somerset, 66,—in Yorkshire, 193; of Moorhen in Rook's nest, 279; of Linota rufescens on Wimbledon Common, 313; of Bittern in Herts in 1849, 315, 356; of Ringed Plover in Worcestershire, 316
Breydon Wild Birds Protection Society Report (1898-1901), 238
Brom-Vogel, or Ground Hornbill, 49
Bubalis bucephalus, 365
Bubulcus coromandus, 450
Bucorax cafer, 49
Bunting, Girl, in Ireland, 353,—in Carnarvonshire and Cardiganshire, 354; Little, in Durham, 466; Yellow, variety, 467
Burma, prehistoric man in, 321
Bustard, Little, in Sussex, 70
Butastur teesa, 214
Buteo lagopus, 230; vulgaris, 128, 229, 425
Butorides javanica, 450
Caccabis rufa, 61
Calandrella brachydactyla, 208
Calcarius lapponicus, 270
Calidris arenaria, 131
Calliope camtschatkensis, 206
Calliste fastuosa, 254
Calœnas nicobarica, 246
Campophaga melanoschista, 204
Canada, N.W.T., collecting small mammals in, 294
Canis latrans, 294; jubilatus, 362
Cannabina holboelli, 278
Caprimulgus asiaticus,211; europæus, 61; macrurus, 211
Carduelis elegans, 14, 227; spinus, 125
Carpodacus erythrinus, 207
Casarca rutila, 451
Centropus bengalensis, 212; sinensis, 212
Cervus davidianus, 367
Ceryle maxima, 190; varia, 210
Chætura sp.?, 211
Chalcophas chrysochlora, 246
'Challenger' Expedition, results at and near Bermuda, 39
Chamæpelia passerina, 245, 249
Charadrius fulvus, 387; pluvialis, 129, 275, 375, 422, 426
Chaulelasmus streperus, 451
Chelidon urbica, 14, 108
Ciconia alba, 449; nigra, 449
Cinclus melanogaster, 271
Cinnyris amethystinus, 190
Circus æruginosus, 214; cineraceus, 229, 435; cyaneus, 214, 229; macrurus, 214; melanoleucus, 214
Cisticola cursitans, 203
Cittocincla macrura, 206
Clangula glaucion, 32, 307
Coccidæ, antennæ of, 437
Coccothraustes vulgaris, 125, 227, 279, 465
Coccystes jacobinus, 189, 211; serratus, 189
Coccyzus americanus, 26, 73
Collections—birds, Mr. F. Coburn's, 118; living mammals, Dr. Renshaw's, 179
Coloration, a question of, 150; protective, of Australian birds and their nests, 199
Columba ænas, 61; eversmanni, 381; intermedia, 384; livia, 384; œnas, 15; palumbus, 61, 129, 422
Columbidæ, 245
Columbula picui, 245
Colymbus arcticus, 422; glacialis, 112, 311; septentrionalis, 277
Condor laying in confinement, 194
Connochætes taurinus, 364
Copsychus saularis, 206
Coracias garrulus, 127; indica, 209
Corvidæ, 254
Corvus corax, 194, 422; cornix, 127, 226, 272; corone, 14, 126, 422; frugilegus, 60, 127, 232; macrorhynchus, 201; monedula, 14, 126, 422; splendens, 201
Corythaix musophaga, 190
Cotile riparia, 14; sinensis, 207
Coturnix communis, 307, 385; coromandelica, 385
County Records:—
    Derbyshire—Notes, 455
    Dorset—Jay, 466; Songs of birds, 468
    Durham—Kingfisher, 68; Little Bunting, 466
    Cheshire—Knot, 467
    Cumberland—Sea-birds and Plovers, 374 ​
    Essex—Essex Field Club, 246
    Gloucestershire—Moor-hen, 196
    Hampshire—Ringed Plover, 28; Varieties of Blackbird, Thrush, and Starling, 192; Wild Duck, 195; Jay, 434; Long-eared Owl, 435; notes, 436
    Herefordshire—Nutcracker, 25; Great Black Woodpecker, 25
    Hertfordshire—Shoveler, 27, 68; Water-Vole, 232; Bittern, 315
    Kent—Dungeness birds, 59; Song-Thrush, 193; Birds in captivity, 241; Dicranura vinula larvæ, 392; White-spotted Bluethroat, 464
    Lancashire—Blackbird, 200; Sooty Tern, 355; Sea-birds and Plovers, 374
    Lincolnshire—Little Owl, 112; Shore-Lark, 112; Migration of birds, 121
    Middlesex—Lapwing, 29; Jay, 279; Moor-hen, 436
    Norfolk—Blue-headed and Yellow Wagtails, 24; Waxwings, 25; notes, 73, 81, 390, 392; Water-Vole, 111; Saw-fish, 114; Allen's Gallinule, 150; a question of coloration, 150; White-beaked Dolphin, 390; Lesser Grey Shrike, 433
    Northamptonshire—Tengmalm's Owl, 68; Condor, 194
    Northumberland—Flycatcher, 193
    Nottinghamshire—Two-barred Crossbill, 353
    Oxfordshire—Vertebrate animals, 440
    Shropshire—Dormouse, 23; Kingfisher, 149; Cuckoo, 279
    Somersetshire—Marsh-Warbler, 23; Yellow-billed Cuckoo, 26; Lesser Redpoll, 66; Green Woodpecker, 313; White Wagtail, 464
    Suffolk—Green Woodpecker, 67; notes, 81, 467; Helix pomatia, 151; Varieties of Fieldfare and Yellow Bunting, 467; Peregrine, 467; 'Victorian History of Suffolk,' 465
    Surrey—Red Grouse, 27, 68; rare birds, 32; Water-Vole, 66; notes, 223, 305; Mole-Cricket, 233; Lesser Redpoll, 313; Wood-Warbler, 313; Yellow Wagtail, 313; Dicranura vinula larvæ, 439
    Sussex—Red-throated Pipit, 25; Little Bustard, 70; Sand-Lizards, 113; Motacilla beema, 232; Moor-hen, 279; Water-Pipit, 465; Notes, 467
    Warwickshire—A former heronry, 195; Grey Plover, 280; Dusky Redshank, 316; Mr. Coburn's collection of British birds, 118
    Worcestershire—Ringed Plover, 316; Dusky Redshank, 316
    Yorkshire—Notes, 31; Lesser Redpoll, 193
Crateropus canorus, 202
Crex pratensis, 15, 129
Cricket, Mole, in Surrey, 233
Crocopus phœnicopterus, 384
Crossbill, Two-barred, in Nottinghamshire, 353
Cuckoo in Aberdeen, note on, 354,—eggs in nest of Hawfinch, 279; Yellow -billed in Somerset, 26, 73
Cuculus canorus, 14, 127, 211, 279, 354; micropterus, 211
Culicicapa ceylonensis, 205
Cursorius coromandelicus, 387
Cyanecula leucocyanea,464; suecica, 267
Cyanocorax cyanopogon, 248
Cyanospiza ciris, 253
Cygnus musicus, 128
Cynomys ludovicianus, 183, 367
Cyornis rubeculosis, 205; superciliosis, 205
Cypselus affinis, 211; apus, 127 melba, 211
Dabchick, Indian, notes on nesting of, 300
Dafila acuta, 452
Dasypus sexcinctus, 186; villosus, 185
Deer, Père David's, in confinement, 367
Delphinus albirostris, 390
Dendrocitta rufa, 302
Dendrocopus major, 127,228; minor, 228, 271
Dendrocycna javanica, 451
Dendropicus cardinalis, 190; menstruus, 190
Derbyshire ornithology, rough notes on (1900-1902), 455
Diary, observational, of habits of Great Crested Grebe, and of Peewit, 133
Dicæum erythrorhynchus, 208
Dicranura vinula larvæ making the best of difficulties, 392, 439
​Dicrurus ater, 203; cærulescens, 203; ludwigi, 190
Diptera, List of British, 320
Dipus jaculus, 184
Dissemurus paradiseus, 203
Dissura episcopus, 449
Dog, Prairie, in confinement, 367
Dolphin, White-beaked, at Great Yarmouth, 390
Dormouse nest, materials of, 23
Duck, Wild, female in male plumage, 195
Duckbill, the reproduction of, 38
Dungeness, birds of, 59
Dupeter flavicollis, 450
Eagle, Golden, in Co. Donegal, 150
Egg of Moa offered for sale, 319
Egg-collecting in Central Wales, 5
Eggs of Cuckoo in nests of Hawfinch, 279
Eider, King, in Fifeshire, 27
Elanus cæruleus, 214
Emberiza cirlus, 227, 353, 354, 422; citrinella, 60, 126, 422, 467; miliaria, 14, 60, 422; pusilla, 466; schoeniclus, 60, 126
Equus burchelli, 366; zebra, 366
Erasmus as a naturalist, 281
Eremias sp., 393
Erithacus rubecula, 123, 422
Esacus recurvirostris, 386
Estrilda, 244, 257; phœnicotis, 252
Essex Field Club, President's Address, 240
Eudnamys honorata, 211
Eudromias morinellus, 62, 274, 308
Eunetta falcata, 451
Evolution of horns and antlers, 158
Evotomys gapperi, 298
Excalfactoria chinensis, 384; sinensis, 251
Falco æsalon, 128, 231, 272, 425; jugger, 214; peregrinator, 215; peregrinus, 14, 108, 128, 215, 230, 425, 467; subbuteo, 231; tinnunculus, 15, 128, 422
Fame Islands, Roseate Tern on, 53
Felis tigrina, 180
Fiber zibethicus, 296
Fieldfare, nest, fig., 265; variety, 467
'Field Naturalists' Quarterly,' 200
Finmark, East, birds met with in, 261
Flycatcher, early, in Northumberland, 193
Food of Water-Vole, 66, 111
Francolinus pondicerianus, 385; vulgaris, 385
Fratercula arctica, 424
Fringilla, 243; cœlebs, 14, 126, 422; montifringilla, 126, 227, 269
Fringillidæ, 243
Frog, Green, and telegraph wires, 158
Fulica atra, 61, 113, 308, 386
Fuligula cristata, 306; ferina, 306; marila, 113, 306
Gadus æglefinus, 392
Gadwall in Merionethshire, 112
Galerita cristata, 208
Galidictis vittata, 182
Gall, Leaf, West African, 437,—fig., 438
Gallinago cœlestis, 63, 130, 309, 376, 388; gallinula, 130, 309, 388; major, 130, 309; sternura, 388; sp.?, 275
Gallinula chloropus, 27, 61, 279, 386, 436
Gallinule, Allen's, in Norfolk, 98; near Great Yarmouth, 150
Gallus sonnerati, 72; varius, 72
Game-preservation in India and Burma, 39
Garrulus glandarius, 279, 434, 466
Gecinus viridis, 67, 313
Genetta pardina, 181
Geocichla citrina, 206
Geopelia, 245; humeralis, 245
Giraffa camelopardalis, 365
Giraffe, Northern, in confinement, 365
Glareola lactea, 387
Godwit, Black-tailed, in Ireland in mid-winter, 316
Goose, Wild, a lost British (Plate III.), 421
Graculus macii, 204
Grasshoppers in Utah, 399
Grebe, Great Crested, and Peewit observational diary of habits, 133
Grouse, Red, in Surrey, 27, 68
Grus antigone, 386; communis, 386
Gryllotalpa vulgaris, 233
Gull, Black-headed, some modifications of habits, 216; Herring, feeds extensively on sea-weed, 319
Gymnorhina, 254; hyperleuca, 428; tibicen, 428
Gymnorhis flavicollis, 207
Habits of Great Crested Grebe and ​Peewit, 133; of Black-headed Gull, 216; nesting, of Blackbird, 200; of South African Hares, 432
Hæmatopus ostralegus, 15, 130, 308, 375, 390, 422, 425
Halcyon orientalis, 189; pileata, 210; smyrnensis, 149, 210
Haliaëtus albicilla, 230, 427; indus, 214; leucoryphus, 214
Hammering of Great Spotted Woodpecker, 94
Hampstead and neighbourhood, fauna and flora, 240
Harelda glacialis, 273
Hares, South African, 432
Harrier, Montagu's, plumage of, 435
Hartebeest, Bubaline, in confinement, 365
Hawfinch nesting in Breconshire, 465
Helix pomatia, duration of life in, 151
Herodias alba, 450; garzetta, 450; intermedia, 450
Heron, cruel treatment of, 120
Heronry at Reedham, fig., 84; a former Warwickshire, 195
Hierococcyx varius, 211
Himantopus candicus, 387
Hippotragus equinus, 364
Hirundo nepalensis, 207; rustica, 13, 60, 125, 207
Holopterna alata, 392
Hoopoe near Wick, 435
Hoplopterus ventralis, 387
Hornbill, Ground, or Brom-Vogel, fig., 49
Hybrids between Donkey and Burchell's Zebra, 192; Pintails, 100
Hydrochelidon hybrida, 388; leucoptera, 389
Hydrophasianus chirurgus, 387
Hydroprogne caspia, 389
Hyphantornis, 257
Hypochera, 244
Hypothymis azurea, 205
Ibis, Glossy, in Ireland, 467; melanocephala, 389
Icterus jamacii, 248, 249
Inocotis papillosus, 449
Insects, temperature of, 287
Ireland—Moor-hen, 27; Golden Eagle, 150; Raven, 194; Grasshopper Warbler, 278; Holboell's Redpoll, 278; Red-throated Pipit, 313; Black-tailed Godwit, 316; Cirl-Bunting, 353; Glossy Ibis, 467; Water-Rail, 467
Isle of Man, Wood Warbler in, 23 birds of, 32
Iyngipicus hardwickii, 209
Iynx torquilla, 209
Jay in London, 279; migration of, 434, 466
Kingfisher near Aberdeen, 27,—curious accident to a, 68,—a littleknown action of, 149; White breasted, notes on, 149
Knot inland in Cheshire, 467
Lacerta agilis, 113; vivipara, 113
Lagonosticta rubricata, 190
Lagopus albus, 274; scoticus, 307
Laniarius cubla, 190; senegalus, 190
Lanius argentatus, 310; canus, 310; collurio, 433; cristatus, 203; major, 271; minor, 433; nigriceps, 203; pomeranus, 227; ridibundus, 310; tephrenotus, 203
Lapwing feigning injury to protect its young, 29, 70
Lark flying at an extraordinary height, 400; Shore, in Lincolnshire, 112
Larus argentatus, 16, 65, 132, 381, 422, 424; brunneicephalus, 388; fuscus, 381, 422, 423; ichthyaëtus, 388; leucopterus, 113, 468; marinus, 16, 109; ridibundus, 64, 216, 379, 391
Lasiurus borealis, 297; cinereus, 297
Leistes superciliosus, 245
Leptoptila wellsi, 246
Leptoptilus dubius, 449; javanicus, 449
Lepus americanus, 296; capensis, 432; crassicaudatus, 433; saxitilis, 433
Lighthouse, a month in, 319
Ligurinus chloris, 60, 422
Limosa belgica, 316, 387; lapponica, 131
Linota cannabina, 14, 60, 126; flavirostris, 126, 227; rufescens, 66, 193, 227,—breeding on Wimbledon Common, 313
Liopicus mahrattensis, 208
Liothrix lutea, 251
Liotriges, 254
'List of British Diptera,' second edition, 320
Lizard, Sand, at St. Leonards-on-Sea, 113
Lleyn, birds of, 8, 108
Locustella nævia, 226, 278
​Lophoceros birostris, 210
Loxia bifasciata, 353; curvirostra, 227
Lynceidæ, 101
Lynceus, 101; brachyurus, fig., 106
Machetes pugnax, 131
Magpie, Lesser White-backed, in Tasmania, 428
Mammals, collecting small, in N.W.T., Canada, 294; private collection of living, notes on, 179; our rarer, preservation of, 400
Mareca penelope, 113, 129, 274, 452
Marten, Pine, in Ross-shire, 192
Megalestris catarrhactes, 132
Melanocorypha yeltoniensis, 100
Meliornis novæ-hollandiæ, 200
Mephitis hudsonia, 295
Mergus albellus, 307; mergenser, 307, 425; serrator, 113, 273, 468
Merops philippinus, 209; viridis, 209
Merula atrigularis, 206
Metopidius indicus, 387
Migrants at Aberdeen, 233
Migration of birds in N.E. Lincolnshire, 121; spring, of Swallows, 233; of Jays, 434, 466
Micropternus phæoceps, 209
Microtus drummondi, 298; (Pedomys) minor, 298
Miller, Hugh, centenary of birth, 399
Milvus govinda, 214; ictinus, 230
Mimicry, 394
Mimus polyglottus, 247
Mirafra assamica, 208
Moa egg offered for sale, 319
Molpastes bengalensis, 202
Monophlebus, antenna of, fig., 437
Monticola explorator, 190
Moor-hen, nesting of, 27; pairing, 196; breeding in Rook's nest, 279; feeding young, 436
Morphological interpretation, 436
Mosquitoes and fever, 359
Motacilla alba, 207, 268, 464; beema, 207,—in Sussex, 232; borealis, 207; campestris, 24; citreola, 207; flava, 24, 207, 269; hodgsoni, 207; leucopsis, 207; lugubris, 59, 125, 422; maderaspatensis, 207; melanope, 125, 197, 228, 422; raii, 59, 125, 228; rupestris, 190; yarrelli, 197
Munia atricapilla, 206; striata, 258
Mus musculus, 297
Muscardinus avellanarius, 23, 184
Muscicapa atricapilla, 125; grisola, 13, 125, 193
Mustela martes, 192
Namsen Valley, birds of, 352
Neophron ginginianus, 213
Nest of Dormouse, 23; unusual, of Ringed Plover, 28; of Fieldfare, 265; of Bluethroat, 267
Nesting of Moor-hen, 27; of Ravens in Co. Antrim, 194; habits of Blackbird in Furness, 200; of Indian Dabchick, 200; of a pair of Green Woodpeckers at Wells, Somerset, 313; of Hawfinch in Breconshire, 465
Nests, Mr. Selous' theory of origin, 145
Netta rufina, 452
Nettion crecca, 129, 452
Nettopus coromandelianus, 451
Nightingale caught on a steamer in Southern Ocean, 320
Ninox scutulata, 213
Norfolk and north of Suffolk, ornithological notes from, 81
Nucifraga caryocatactes, 25
Numenius arquata, 15, 63, 131, 197, 309, 376, 387; phæopus, 63, 131, 276, 310
Nutcracker in Herefordshire, 25
Nyctala tengmalmi, 68
Nyctea scandiaca, 113, 272
Nycticorax griseus, 305, 450
Nyroca ferina, 452; ferruginea, 453 fuligula, 453
Obituary —
    Butler, Samuel, 320
    Macpherson, Hugh Alexander, 18
    Mansel-Pleydell, John Clavell, 191
    Niceville, Lionel de, 21
    Selenka, Emil, 80
    Thorell, Dr. T., 40
Ocyphaps lophote, 246
Œdemia nigra, 129, 273, 307
Œdicnemus scolopax, 61, 308, 386
Okapi, 40, 191
Oncopera intricata, 430
Onychomys leucogaster, 297
Oreocincla dauma, 206
Oriolus galbula, 226; indicus, 204; Kundoo, 204; melanocephalus, 204
Orkney Islands, Siskin in, 390
Orthotomus sutorius, 203
Otis tetrax, 70
Otocompsa emeria, 202
Otocorys alpestris, 112, 271
Otogyps calvus, 213
Owl, Little, in Lincolnshire, 112 Long-eared, 435; Tengmalm's, in Northamptonshire, 68
Pairing manœuvres of birds, 71; of Moor-hens, 196
Palæornis cyanocephalus, 212; nepalensis, 212; rosa, 252; torquatus, 212
Pandion haliaëtus, 213, 272, 305
Panurus biarmicus, 226
Papilio machaon in England, historical notes on, 80
Paroaria, 244, 250; cucullata, 250, 255
Parus atriceps, 202; britannicus, 124; cæruleus, 124, 422; domesticus, 14, 60, 125, 207, 252; major, 124, 422; montanus, 25, 126; niger, 190
Passer domesticus, 422, 428
Pastor roseus, 204, 226
Pavoncella pugnax, 388
Pearls, parasitic origin of, 118
Peewit, observational diary of habits, 133
Pelargopsis gurial, 210
Pelecanus philippensis, 389; roseus, 389
Penguins and their ways, 239
Perdix cinerea, 61
Pericrocrotus peregrinus, 203; speciosus, 203
Peregrines in West Suffolk, 467
Perisoreus infaustus, 272
Peristeridæ, 245
Pernis cristatus, 215
Petersfield, ornithological incidents at, 436
Phalacrocorax carbo, 15, 389, 422; graculus, 15, 422; javanicus, 389; hyperboreus, 130, 468
Phalaropus fulicarius, 308; hyperboreus, 130, 468
Phaps chalcoptera, 246
Phlogœnas luzonica, 246
Phylloscopus rufus, 124; sibilatrix, 23, 124, 313; trochilus, 13, 124, 268
Pica rustica, 226, 272, 422
Picus major, 94, 96; martius, 25
Pintail hybrids, 100
Pipit, Red-throated, in Sussex, 25,—in Ireland, 313; Tree, late, 111; Water, in Sussex, 465
Piprisoma squalidum, 208
Platalea leucorodia, 32, 305, 449
Plectrophenax nivalis, 126, 270
Plegadis falcinellus, 449, 467
Ploceidæ, 244, 256
Ploceinæ, 244
Ploceus, 244, 257, 260; baya, 206; bengalensis, 206
Plotus melanogaster, 389
Plover, Grey, in Birmingham, 280; Ringed, unusual nest of, fig., 28,—breeding in Worcestershire, 316
Plovers and Sea-birds noticed in Lancashire and Cumberland, 374
Plumage of Montagu's Harrier, 435
Podicipes albipennis, 453; capensis, 300; cristatus, 133, 311, 453; fluviatilis, 65, 132; griseigena, 113, 442; nigricollis?, 454
Poëphila mirabilis, 250
Pogonorhynchus torquatus, 189
Polioaetus ichthyaetus, 214
Poliospiza gularis, 190
Porphyrio poliocephalus, 386
Porphyriola alleni, 98, 150
Porzana maruetta, 307; pusilla, 385
Pratincola caprata, 205; leucura, 206; maura, 206; rubetra, 123, 198; rubicola, 422
Prehistoric man in Burma (with Plate), 321
Prinia inornata, 203
Preservation of our rarer mammals, 400
Pristis antiquorum, 114
Procellaria pelagica, 32, 311
Pseudotantalus leucocephalus, 449
Pseudogyps bengalensis, 213
Psittacidæ, 248
Ptylorhynchus violaceus, 71, 242
Ptilotis penicillata, 199
Puffinus anglorum, 16
Putorius cicognani, 295; longicaudus, 295; vison, 296
Pycnonotus tricolor, 190
Pyromelæna, 244, 245, 257, 260; franciscana, 258, 259
Pyrrhocorax graculus, 14, 422
Pyrrhula europaea, 468
Pyrrhulauda grisea, 208
Querquedula crecca, 274, 422; circia, 452
Raia miraletus, 392
Rail, Water, a curious, 467
Rallus aquaticus, 129, 307, 385, 467, 468; indicus, 385
Ravens nesting in Co. Antrim, 194
Recurvirostra avocetta, 387
Redpoll, Holboell's, in Ireland, 278
Redshank, Dusky, in Worcestershire and Warwickshire, 316; Lesser, breeding in Somerset, 66,—in Yorkshire, 193
Redstart, late, 111
​Regulus cristatus, 123, 422; ignicapillus, 123, 416, 422
Rhipidura albifrontata, 205
Rhodonessa caryophyllacea, 451
Rhynchops albicollis, 389
Rissa tridactyla, 422
Rook, White, at Aberdeen, 232
Rostratula capensis, 388
Ruticilla phœnicurus, 111, 123; rufiventris, 206; titys, 225
Sandpiper, Wood, in Orkney Islands, 391
Sarcidornis melanonotus, 451
Sarciophorus malabaricus, 387
Sarcogrammus indicus, 387
Sarcorhamphus gryphus, 194
Sark, birds of, 416
Saw-fish in British waters, 79, 114
Saxicola œnanthe, 13, 59, 122, 266, 422
Scales of fishes as an index of age, 237
Sciurus sp.?, 183
Scolopax rusticula, 113, 130, 308, 422
Scops giu, 212
Scotland—Kingfisher, 27; KingEider, 27; Pine-Marten, 192; notes, 197, 423; Black-headed Gull, 216; Rook, 232; migrants, 233; Cuckoo, 354; Hoopoe, 435
Sea-birds and Plovers noticed in Lancashire and Cumberland, 374
Sea-serpent, the, 159, 360
Seal and Whale Fishery of 1901, 41
Serinus, 243; leucopygius, 259
Sexual selection, 439
Shetland, notes from, 112
Shoveler in Herts, 27, 28
Shrike, Lesser Grey, in Norfolk, 433
Sialia sialis, 242, 253
Siphia parva, 205
Sitta castaneiventris, 202
Skua, Arctic, variations in colouring of, 368
Skunk, a pet, 394
Snake, Grass, habits in confinement, 356
Somateria mollissima, 425; spectabilis, 27
Song of the Okapi, 40; of birds, 247, 417, 468
Sorex richardsoni, 297
Sparrow, Tree, in Cardiganshire, 25
Spatula clypeata, 27, 68, 452
Spermophila, 257
Spermophilus franklini, 297; richardsoni, 296; tridecemlineatus, 296
Spider poison, 359
Spilornis cheela, 214
Sporæginthus amandava, 207
Strix candida, 212; flammea, 212
Squatarola helvetica, 129, 280
Starling, variety, 192
Statistics relating to British birds, 55
Stercorarius crepidatus, 132, 368, 439, 424; parasiticus?, 277; pomatorhinus, 132
Sterna anglica, 389; cantiaca, 377; caspia, 391; dougalli, 53; fluviatilis, 63, 378, 425; fuliginosa, 355; macrura, 131, 277, 378, 425; melanogaster, 389; minuta, 64, 379; seena, 389
Stoparola melanops, 205
Strix flammea, 127
Sturnia malabarica, 204
Sturnopastor contra, 205
Sturnus menzbieri, 204; vulgaris, 14, 60, 126, 422
Sula bassana, 128, 422, 427
Suricata tetradactyla, 393
Surrey, ornithological notes from, 223, 305
Swallows, spring migration, 233
Sycalis, 243; flaveola, 243, 250; pelzelni, 243
Sylvia atricapilla, 123; cinerea, 13, 123; curruca, 123, 468; hortensis, 123; undata, 225
Sypheotis bengalensis, 386
Syrnium ocellatum, 212
Taccocua leschenaulti, 211
Tachornis batassiensis, 211
Tadorna cornuta, 128, 424
Tæniopygia castanotis, 250, 251
Tamias quadrivittatus, 297
Tarpon atlanticus, 349
Tasmania, Lesser White-backed Magpie in, 428
Taurotragus oryx, 363
Taxidea taxus, 295
Temenuchus pagodarum, 204
Temperature of insects, 287
Tephrodornis pondicerianus, 203
Tern, Roseate, on the Fame Islands, 53; Sooty, in Lancashire, 355
Terpsiphone cristata, 190; paradisi, 205
Thereiceryx zeylonicus, 209
Thomomys borealis, 297
Thrush, variety, 192; Song, a mimicking, 193
​Tinnunculus alaudarius, 215
Toad-poison, 359
Totanus calidris, 63, 131, 197, 276, 376, 390; canescens, 131, 276; fuscus, 131, 316, 388; glareola, 388, 391; glottis, 388; hypoleucus, 15, 131, 275, 376, 388, 423; ochropus, 131, 388; stagnatilis, 388
Transvaal, birds of, 189
Trichosurus vulpecula, 186
Tringa alpina, 15, 63, 130, 198, 309, 388; canutus, 131, 309, 467; hypoleucus, 309; minuta, 388; ochropus, 309; subarquata, 130; temmincki, 388
Trochalopterum canorum, 249
Troglodytes parvulus, 125, 422
Tropidonotus natrix, 356
Trupialis defilippii, 245; militaris, 245
Turdidæ, 254
Turdus iliacus, 122, 266, 422, 468; merula, 13, 59, 122, 422; rnusicus, 59, 122, 422; olivaceus, 190; pilaris, 122, 265, 422, 467, 468; torquatus, 112, 198, 225; viscivorus, 59, 122, 225, 422
Turnix dussumieri, 385; tanki, 385
Turtur communis, 15, 107, 129; ferrago, 384; risorius, 252, 384; suratensis, 384
Upupa epops, 210, 228, 435; indica, 210
Uria troile, 16, 65, 109, 311, 383, 427
Uroloncha malabarica, 207; punctulata, 207
Vanellus cristatus, 197; vulgaris, 15, 29, 62, 70, 129, 133, 375, 422, 423
Variety of Blackbird, 192; Bunting, Yellow, 467; Fieldfare, 467; Rail, Water, 467; Thrush, 192; Starling, 192; Vole, Water, 232
Vidua, 244, 257
Viduinæ, 244
Vole, Water, food of, 66, 111; variety, 232
Vulpes fulva, 295
Wagtail, White, on Somerset coast, 464
Wagtails, Blue-headed and ordinary Yellow, differences between immature, 24, 112
Wales—Notes, 1; (Kite, 4, 6; Lesser Whitethroat, 5; Twite, 5; Hawfinch, 6; Wryneck, 6); Birds of Bardsey Island and Lleyn, 8, 107; Tree-Sparrows, 25; Gadwall, 112; Cirl-Bunting, 354; Birds of Anglesea, 401; Red-backed Shrike, 433; Hawfinch, 465
Warbler, Grasshopper, near Laine, Co. Antrim, 278; Marsh, in Somerset, 23; Wood, in Isle of Man, 23
Waxwing at Great Yarmouth, 25
Whale and Seal Fishery of 1901, 41
Whaling at the Cape of Good Hope, 238
Wilsden, Yorkshire, notes from, 31
Wolf, Maned, in confinement, 362
Woodpecker, Great Spotted, 94, 96,—hammering of, 94,—fir-cone chipped by, fig., 95; Great Black, 25; Green, boring in Winter, 67,—nesting of a pair at Wells, Somerset, 313
Xantholæma hæmatocephala, 209
Xenorhynchus asiaticus, 449
Yarmouth, Great, notes from, 73, 81, 390, 392
Zapus hudsonius, 297
Zeugopterus unimaculatus, 392
Zoological Gardens of Western Europe, notes from some, 361
Zosterops palpebrosa, 202