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# The Old Wives' Tale (Bennett)

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* sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons category, Wikidata item.
The Old Wives' Tale is a novel by Arnold Bennett, first published in 1908. It deals with the lives of two very different sisters, Constance and Sophia Baines, following their stories from their youth, working in their mother's draper's shop, into old age. It is generally regarded as one of Bennett's finest works. It covers a period of about 70 years from roughly 1840 to 1905, and is set in Burslem and Paris. Warning: template has been deprecated.
The Old Wives' Tale
Arnold Bennett
To W. W. K.
BOOK I: MRS. BAINES
* Chapter I: The Square
* Chapter II: The Tooth
* Chapter III: A Battle
* Chapter IV: Elephant
* Chapter V: The Traveller
* Chapter VI: Escapade
* Chapter VII: A Defeat
BOOK II: CONSTANCE
* Chapter I: Revolution
* Chapter II: Christmas and the Future
* Chapter III: Cyril
* Chapter IV: Crime
* Chapter V: Another Crime
* Chapter VI: The Widow
* Chapter VII: Bricks and Mortar
* Chapter VIII: The Proudest Mother
BOOK III: SOPHIA
* Chapter I: The Elopement
* Chapter II: Supper
* Chapter III: An Ambition Satisfied
* Chapter IV: A Crisis for Gerald
* Chapter V: Fever
* Chapter VI: The Siege
* Chapter VII: Success
BOOK IV: WHAT LIFE IS
* Chapter I: Frensham's
* Chapter II: The Meeting
* Chapter III: Towards Hotel Life
* Chapter IV: End of Sophia
* Chapter V: End of Constance
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1931, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 92 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# The New International Encyclopædia/Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer

Edition of 1905. See also Elizabeth Palmer Peabody on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
PEABODY, Elizabeth Palmer (1804-94). An American educator, born at Billerica, Mass. She was for a time connected with the school of Amos Bronson Alcott, in Boston, of which she wrote an account entitled A Record of Mr. Alcott's School (3d ed. 1874); but later she came under the influence of Friedrich Fröbel (q.v.) and was one of the most active in introducing the kindergarten system into the United States. She published a number of works, including: Crimes of the House of Austria (1852); Kindergarten Culture (1870); Kindergarten in Italy (1872); Reminiscences of Dr. Channing (1880); and Letters to Kindergartners (1886).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl Harbor

Edition of 1905. See also Pearl Harbor on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL HARBOR. An inlet on the south coast of Oahu, Hawaii, six miles west of Honolulu (Map: Hawaii, C 2). It consists of several land-locked basins with a narrow entrance inside of which there is a depth of 60 feet. Outside, however, a coral reef prevents the entrance of large vessels. In 1884 the United States obtained the right from the Hawaiian Government to establish here a coaling and repair station, and several surveys were made by the United States Government. The harbor, however, was not utilized, and the acquisition of the harbor of Honolulu in 1898 rendered its improvement unnecessary.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl Oyster

Edition of 1905. See also Pinctada margaritifera on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL OYSTER. A tropical bivalve (Meleagrina margaritifera) noted for producing precious pearls and mother-of-pearl. See Pearl.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl River

Edition of 1905. See also Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL RIVER. A river of Mississippi. It rises in Winston County in the east central part of the State, and flows southward, emptying into the Mississippi Sound after having formed for some distance the boundary between Mississippi and Louisiana (Map: Mississippi, F 8). It is about 300 miles long, but its navigation is impeded by shoals and sand bars.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl Millet

Edition of 1905. See also Pearl millet on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL MILLET. A cereal grain. See Guinea Corn.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearlite

Edition of 1905. See also Perlite on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARLITE (so called on account of the pearly lustre). A glassy or once glassy rock which exhibits a ready separation by cracks into spherical or spheroidal forms. These so-called pearlitic cracks may arise from stresses set up during the cooling of the magma, or from differential expansion and contraction about spherulitic masses of feldspar.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Peabody, Ephraim

Edition of 1905. See also Ephraim Peabody on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
PEABODY, Ephraim (1807-56). A Unitarian divine. He was born at Wilton, N. H.; graduated at Bowdoin College 1827, and at the Harvard Divinity School 1830; was settled over a Unitarian church in New Bedford (1838-46), when he became pastor of King's Chapel, Boston, where he remained till his death. He was the founder of the Boston Providence Society. His sermons, with a memoir, appeared in Boston in 1857, and a selection from his writings in 1858 entitled Christian Days and Thoughts.
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl (poem)

Edition of 1905. See also Pearl (poem) on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL. A beautiful English poem belonging to the second half of the fourteenth century. It is a lament of a father for a lost child, symbolized by a pearl. The poet possessed a spotless pearl. One day as he was in an arbor it slipped from his hand down through the grass and the flowers into the earth. Wandering afterwards into the arbor in search of the lost gem, he fell asleep amid the flowers, and in vision saw his lost child by the shimmering cliffs of the new Jerusalem. The poem consists of 101 twelve-line stanzas. The dialect is West-Midland. That the poet lived in the West of England near the Welsh borders is all that is known of him. Consult Pearl, edited, with a modern English version, by Israel Gollancz (London, 1891).
# The New International Encyclopædia/Pearl Ash

Edition of 1905. See also Potash on Wikipedia; and the disclaimer.
​PEARL ASH (so called on account of the color), or Potashes. Crude potassium carbonate obtained from wood ashes. The commercial product is made in Canada, as follows: Wood is burned in pits and the resulting ash spread on a stone floor, sprinkled with water, and worked till it is damp, frequently with the addition of a little lime. The damp ash is then placed in casks containing false bottoms, covered with straw and hot water poured over them. The liquid, which is drawn off from a plug hole at the bottom, is boiled down, and finds some use in this condition as a manure owing to the soluble potash that it contains. The crude pearl ash thus obtained may be purified by heating and then cooled, during which the sulphate and chloride, together with the insoluble matter, are separated out, while the clear supernatant liquid is drawn off and boiled down until it crystallizes. When sufficiently pure this product finds use in the manufacture of flint glass. Ordinary pearl ash is used principally, however, in the manufacture of soap.
# The Odyssey of Homer, with the Hymns, Epigrams, and Battle of the Frogs and Mice/Hymns/Hymn 7

VII. TO DIANA.
Sing, Muse, Diana, the foster-sister of far-darting Apollo, the shaft-rejoicing virgin, who, having washed her steeds in deep-rushed Meles, swiftly drives on her all-golden chariot ​through Smyrna into vine-bearing Clarus, where silver-bowed Apollo sits awaiting the far-darting [maid] who rejoices in arrows. And do thou thus hail—and with thee all the goddesses—in song! But I indeed will both first begin from thee to sing, and, having began from thee will pass on to another hymn.
* ↑ A river near Smyrna, whence Homer took his surname of Melesigenes.
* ↑ Cf. Æsch. Pers. 84, Σύριόν θ' ἅρμα διώκων.
* ↑ See my note on the Battle of the Frogs and Mice, vs. 1.
# The Odyssey of Homer, with the Hymns, Epigrams, and Battle of the Frogs and Mice/Hymns/Hymn 8

VIII. TO VENUS.
I will sing Cyprus-sprung Cytherea, who both gives pleasant gifts to mortals, and with pleasant visage is ever smiling, and bears a lovely flower [of beauty]. Hail! goddess, ruling over well-built Salamis and all Cyprus, and grant [me] pleasant song, but I will be mindful of thee, and of another song.
* ↑ Cf. Pindar, Ol. i. 120, φίλια δώρα κυπρίας. Hesiod, Scut. Herc. τερπόμενος δῶροισι πολυχρύσου Ἀφροδίτης. See int. pp. on Virg. Æn. iv. 33.
* ↑ In the cod. Mosc. there are evidently two versions of this hymn mixed up together, the following lines being added in Hermann's ed.: χαῖρε μάκαιρα, κυθήρης ἐϋκτιμένης μεδέουσα, Ἐιναλίης τε κύπρου· δὸς δ' ἰμερόεσσαν ἀοιδήν.
# The Odyssey of Homer, with the Hymns, Epigrams, and Battle of the Frogs and Mice/Preface

PREFACE TO THE ODYSSEY.
The present translation of the Odyssey has been executed on the same plan as that of the Iliad, to which it forms the companion-volume. The Hymns and Minor Poems are now, for the first time, literally translated, completing all that has been attributed to Homer. For these, the editions of Ruhnken, Ernesti, and Hermann have been principally followed.
Had the limits of the volume permitted, a more critical investigation of the various readings and conjectures of scholars would have been given; but the editor trusts that what has been done will be found sufficient for the wants of the student.
The frequent quotations from the brilliant paraphrases of Chapman, Congreve, and Shelley, cannot, he thinks, fail to prove interesting to the general reader.
For the translation of the Pseudo-Herodotean Life of Homer, the reader is indebted to the industry of Kenneth Mackenzie, Esq. It is the earliest memoir of the supposed author of the Iliad we possess, and, as such, merits translation.
T. A. B.
# The Odyssey of Homer, with the Hymns, Epigrams, and Battle of the Frogs and Mice/The Odyssey

THE ODYSSEY OF HOMER.
* Book I.1
* Book II.15
* Book III.28
* Book IV.43
* Book V.66
* Book VI.79
* Book VII.89
* Book VIII.99
* Book IX.115
* Book X.130
* Book XI.146
* Book XII.163
* Book XIII.175
* Book XIV.187
* Book XV.201
* Book XVI.217
* Book XVII.230
* Book XVIII.246
* Book XIX.258
* Book XX.274
* Book XXI.284
* Book XXII.296
* Book XXIII.310
* Book XXIV.320
# The Odyssey of Homer, with the Hymns, Epigrams, and Battle of the Frogs and Mice/Hymns/Hymn 9

IX. TO MINERVA.
I begin to sing Pallas Minerva, the dread guardian of cities, to whom, in company with Mars, warlike deeds are a care, and cities overthrown, and the din of wars. †And she also guards the people both on going and returning.† Hail! goddess, and grant to us fortune and prosperity.
* ↑ Observe the hendiadys.
* ↑ Evidently an interpolation: νίσσομαι cannot bear such a meaning.
# The Pilgrims' March/Babu Bagvan Das

BABU BAGVAN DAS.
MESSAGE TO HIS COUNTRYMEN.
Suffering for the sake of an ideal is good for the soul. The opportunity for such suffering has been sent to me also by Providence and I am thankful. The achieving of true Swaraj, true Self-Government, the Government of the Higher Self over the lower in the individual as well as the communal life is a high ideal. I have tried to express my idea of its nature and form in various writings. I hope the Congress authorities may accept it and publish it to the people in order to guide and steady the people's enthusiasm by clear vision of the goal. I hope that friends in Benares and elsewhere will help to keep alive the Kashi Vidya Pitha, my last effort with the most generous help of my dear gold-hearted friend Shivaprasad Gupta and others to establish a new centre of reformed education the foundation of reformed individual and communal life. I hope that the leaders of the various creeds will teach their followings to distinguish between the heart essentials which are common to all and the external rites and ceremonies which are special to each and accidental ​and thereby bring about the mutual understanding and peace between the races and the nations. I express my deep gratitude to my brothers the English gentlemen who constitute the Government of India for making themselves the instruments of Providence to test the capacity of the Indian people for self-sacrifice which is the only foundation of true self-Government the self-sacrifice of suffering for truth and right without retaliation which is specially becoming to the soul of India and will help to re-establish the universal religion of peace on earth and good will among men. I hope that all to whom I may have caused any hurt will forgive me. I send greetings to all Theosophist friends personally known and unknown in all countries.
Benares.
# The Pilgrims' March/Lala Lajpat Rai 2

LALA LAJPAT RAI
LETTER TO MAHATMA GANDHI.
The following is the text of Lala Lajpatrai's letter to Mahatma Gandhi just on the eve of Lalaji's arrest:—
Dear Mahatmaji,—I am writing this to you so early as in all probability I will be arrested by this evening. I am sorry I may look to have disregarded your wishes but the circumstances are such as leave me no alternative. We have called a meeting of the Punjab Provincial Congress Committee for to-day 2 p.m. The Deputy Commissioner calls it a public meeting. Yesterday we received a notice from him asking us for the agenda and an assurance that no business not in the agenda would be transacted. We have refused to comply, maintaining that the meeting is not public and that it does not come within the Act. Most probably he will prohibit the meeting. He has also served us with a notice calling ward meetings of ward Congress Committees also public. This means an entire stoppage of work. His orders are illegal, and if we had the option of fighting we might have won. But this is not to be.
​Under the circumstances it is impossible for me to keep away from the meeting. It will be sheer cowardice. Please pardon me if my action does not meet with your approval. I am quite happy and cheerful and will not whine for favours. I am going to insist on being treated as an ordinary prisoner even if they are so magnanimous as to offer me some privilege which I don’t believe they will. Rest assured I will not bring disgrace on your movement. Pardon me if I have ever seemed to be critical and distrustful. In all my actions only one motive has been uppermost in my thoughts, viz. that of loyalty to my country and my people. If I have erred, I have erred in good faith. Even in my criticisms of my moderate friends I have had no other motive. I believed in what I said and I believe in it still. But if I was wrong they can pardon a mistaken comrade. I believe we are on the right path and that only non-violent non-co-operation can help us in achieving our goal.
The Sikh non-co-operators have set a noble example. Of course all of them are not Congressmen and the motive force behind their present behaviour is religion. But that makes no difference so long as the spirit of suffering for a principle is there. The Sikh community ​has so far kept its temper admirably well in spite of the provocations given. Most of the arrests have been made in the presence of hundreds and thousands. Please read the accounts in the “Tribune” and make your own comments. Our Sikh friends deserve all the praise one can bestow on brave, noble, sufferers in the cause of truth.
We have selected Aga Safdar as my successor in the office of the President Provincial Congress Committee and I have in consultation drawn up a programme for immediate action.
Mr. Stokes was this morning arrested at one of the roadside stations for what offence and under what law I don’t know. If I am still free by this evening I shall write to you again. If not good bye and farewell.—Your devoted comrade
LAJPAT RAI.
M. K. G.]
# The Pilgrims' March/Lala Shankarlal

DELHI ARRESTS.
Text of Massages
Lala Shankarlal's:
My message to my fellow countrymen and young workers is that I desire to do away with the calamities that have bound India with chains of slavery. Young men ought to enlist as volunteers in their hundreds and follow me. Our Lord Srikrishna who came into the world for our ​salvation, was born in jail. I assure you, prisons will burst before they accommodate thirty-two crores of persons. Our revered leaders Lala Lapat Rai, Pandit Motilal Nehru and some of our dear mothers and sisters have led the way. Young workers, will you remain complacent onlookers? I am going to jail now and my desire is that at least 1,000 volunteers should step into my shoes. This will thoroughly satisfy me and will convince me that the national work in Delhi has borne the desired fruit. I have one more request to make and this is that you should for everything that is dear to you, give up the use of bideshi cloth and take to charka and khaddar. I finish this humble message of mine in the firm belief that on 1st of January 1922, the sun will dawn on Swaraj of India.
The message of Lala Hanwant Sahai:—“Beloved patriots, while going to jail, my Prarthana is that you should use Khaddar. This is the key to Swaraj. My next wish is that Acheet should disappear altogether from our midst without the least delay. I shall ask you my dear young workers, to prove your love of country and God by joining the ranks of volunteers fearlessly. I hope you will not lag behind those mothers and sisters of ours, who have shown us the way to Swaraj.”
# The Pilgrims' March/Basanti Devi and others

MESSAGE FROM THE LADIES
We came out fully prepared for arrest. It was torture for us as mothers to stay away when our young boys were going to jail gloriously. We entreat all our sisters to take up the work left unfinished. Let them not forget that their place is with their brothers and sisters imprisoned. Let them realize that they are practically living in prison, only a bigger one. It is more honourable to live in a real prison than to breathe the polluted air of a slave-land. We appeal to the students of Government institutions to vacate the colleges in a body and ​take up the struggle for liberty. Now or never is our last word. This noble struggle will lead us either to victory or to death. Both are glorious. It must be life or death, not this slavery any more. We beseech the policemen to resign their posts at once. Let them realize that death by starvation is preferable to doing this dirty work.
Basanti Devi
Urmila Devi
Suniti Devi
SRIJUT HEMANTA KUMAR SARKAR'S MESSAGE
My message to the students of Bengal:— Come out, enlist in thousands as volunteers, Swaraj is within sight. I wish your life may be hallowed by taking part in this righteous fight for your great Motherland's freedom.
(Sd.) Hemanta Kumar Sarkar.
# The Pilgrims' March/Dr. Kitchlew

​The following messages have been addressed by Maulana Shaukat Ali and Dr. Kitchlew:
Dr. KITCHLEW.
Obey the Commandments of God.
Follow the dictates of your conscience.
Love India above everything else. May God bless you.
# The Pilgrims' March/Help Justice

HELP JUSTICE.
Brothers!—Up till yesterday have I been a practising lawyer; to-day I step over the threshold of the jail. The feeling that has influenced me to this step is this: We are pledged to help justice but when injustice in the name of law and order seeks to impose itself on men, their conscience rebels. Then comes the time when we should ensure the reign of justice by opposing the encroachments of the so-called upholders of law and order. Under the impulse of the idea have I stood against the recent order of the Government of Bengal encroaching on our right of association, and persuasion “Bande Mataram.”
# The Pilgrims' March/Clarion Call to Bureaucracy

CLARION CALL TO BUREAUCRACY
“... You shall immediately inform your Government that they expedite the establishment of Swaraj y a by sending thousands and thousands of my countrymen into the Training Colleges of patriotism and self-fulfilment, your jails. Delay is dangerous—my Lord Sree Ramachandra has sanctioned the prosecution of three hundred millions of my countrymen, in the Civil disobedience resolution at Hastinapura (Delhi), the cremation ground of many an Empire of egoism, the outskirts of Kurukshetra and His Inspector General the Lord of Ramdandu, Mahatma Gandhi awaits to execute it. My incessant prayer is that thus shall it be. Swasthi Sri Ramarpanamastu.”
DUGGIRALA GOPALAKRISHNAYA.
# The Pilgrims' March/Foreword

FOREWORD
Let the reader not mistake the purport of these messages from imprisoned and other leaders. They are not messages of complaint but of triumph and achievement. Non-co-operators have every reason to rejoice at the Government’s adoption of the policy of repression, for it has been frankly the aim of non-co-operation to force this policy on Government. It is as in a game of chess the skilful player thinks ahead and forces his opponent to move according to the more skilful player’s plan of campaign and the opponent plays into the victor's hands. It is as in a war, the skilful general at his pleasure forces the enemy to advance and attack that the latter might be defeated the more comprehensively. When the Indian nation resolved on non-co-operation with the Government it anticipated and desired repression, for there can be no non-co-operation without it. There can be no passive resistance if there is nothing to resist. The nations strikes must be directed against the Government’s laws, and while that Government exists that Government must resort to repression to enforce its laws. When repression ceases ​non-co-operation will be at an end; for, the cessation of repression will spell the defeat and abdication of the Reformed Government of India it will spell Swaraj. It were therefore, rank hypocrisy in nationalists to protest ever so faintly against repression, or indeed to do anything but welcome it. It is a signpost on the pilgrims' road to Swaraj telling them that the journey's end is in sight. The nation most emphatically does not desire the release of those leaders who have been imprisoned; nor do the leaders themselves wish this until such release comes automatically with the abdication of the Reformed Government of India in favour of a Swaraj Government. The most dangerous opponents of Indian national freedom are not those Governors who like Lord Ronaldshay are filling the gaols with non-co-operators, but those Satraps who like Sir George Lloyd of Bombay, are resisting the temptation to play into Mahatma Gandhi's and the nation's hands. But eventually even the Government of Madras and Bombay will be compelled by the people to follow the example and policy of the Government of Bengal, the United Provinces and the Punjab. Their only alternative will be unconditional surrender to, and in favour of ​provincial Swaraj. With the above facts clearly borne in mind the reader will not be tempted to regard this book as a pathetic monument of suffering. Its message is one of good cheer and of encouragement; for, it is a record of successful achievement. Contrast the brave optimism and firm purpose of every word with the halting apologies for a truce uttered by Lords Reading and Ronaldshay. If clarity of thought and confidence of success breed immediate victory, if hesitation and doubt spell early defeat, the contrast is eloquent of the fact that victory is already ours, and that the pilgrims' march to Swaraj has in the gaol all but reached its goal.
| 24th Dec. 1921. “BOMBAY CHRONICLE” OFFICE MEDOWS STREET, BOMBAY. | D. G. UPSON. |