OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Lee

​ LEE COUNTY was first established in 1836 but the boundaries were changed in 1838 and in 1839 its present boundaries were fixed by the Territorial Legislature. On the 18th of January, 1838, the county-seat was located at Fort Madison. The county lies in the extreme southeast ​corner of the State, the Mississippi River forming the eastern boundary, while the Des Moines River forms the western and part of the southern boundary.
The origin of the name of the county is involved in doubt. It was named in an act of the Legislature of Wisconsin Territory on the 7th of December, 1836. It has been claimed that it was named for Robert E. Lee but when it is remembered that he was an obscure lieutenant in the regular army when the county was named, not having been in or near that region until 1837, from which time he was an engineer in charge of improvements of the Mississippi until 1841, there is not even a remote probability that he had ever been heard of at Belmont where Lee County was created and named. There was a land speculator from New York operating in the “Half Breed Tract,” by the name of Charles Lee, about the time the county was created and it has been supposed that the county might have been named for him. There is no evidence to substantiate this supposition. Lieutenant Albert M. Lea had, in 1835, descended the Des Moines River in charge, as engineer, of an exploring party making a survey of its course and rapids. He surveyed and mapped the shore of the Mississippi River in Lee County and above the same year. He was an officer in General Kearny’s command at old Fort Des Moines, in Lee County, for some time. In 1836 he became widely known as the author of a book and map of the “Iowa District.” This publication made his name familiar to the people of the “Black Hawk Purchase” the year that Lee County was named. Many of the prominent citizens of pioneer times understood and believed that the county was named for Albert M. Lea, who gave the name of “Iowa” to the region which afterwards became the State of Iowa. Lee County has an area of five hundred twelve square miles and an abundant supply of native woodland.
In 1843 the county-seat was removed to West Point where the first term of court was held the same year. In ​the fall of 1845 by a vote of the people Fort Madison was again made the county-seat. Commissioners appointed in 1840 had selected a site for the county-seat near the geographical center of the county, where a town was laid out and named Franklin but no buildings were erected and the business of the country was never transacted there. By act of the Legislature of 1855 a court with concurrent jurisdiction was established at Keokuk where a deputy clerk kept records of the court. A history of early settlements at Fort Madison and Keokuk will be found elsewhere.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Johnson

​ JOHNSON COUNTY was created in December, 1837, and named for Richard M. Johnson, Vice President of the United States. It lies in the third tier west of the Mississippi River and in the fourth from the south line of the State, containing an area of six hundred eighteen square miles. The Iowa River flows through it in the south-easterly direction, bordered by fine woodlands and furnishing water power.
As early as 1836 John Gilbert, an Indian trader, ​established a post on the Iowa River where for several years he carried on traffic with the Indians. Soon after Philip Clarke and John Myers settled near him and opened farms. In 1838 Gilbert and Clarke laid out a town which they named Napoleon and which became the first county-seat. Settlers came rapidly and in the fall of 1838 S. C. Trowbridge received a commission from Governor Lucas to organize the county. He called an election at Gilbert’s trading house on the 10th of September at which Henry Felkner, Abner Wolcott and Samuel Strugis were chosen county commissioners. The first term of court was held at Napoleon in 1839 at which Judge Joseph Williams presided. The county-seat remained at Napoleon until the Capital of the State was located at Iowa City when it was moved to that place and the town of Napoleon soon reverted to a farm. The first school was opened by Jesse Berry at Iowa City in 1840. On the 10th of June, 1841, the first number of a weekly newspaper was issued by William Crum and called the Iowa Standard which was a supporter of the Whig party. In December of the same year the Iowa Capital Reporter, a Democratic journal, was established by Van Antwerp and Hughes. The first frame house was built in Iowa City by Wesley Jones in 1839 in which he opened a store. Walter Butler the same year built and kept a hotel. Jacob De Forest was the first mayor of the capital city in 1853.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Jones

​ JONES COUNTY was established in December, 1837, from territory belonging to the original county of Dubuque. It lies in the second tier west of the Mississippi River and the fourth south of the Minnesota line. It is twenty-four miles square and contains an area of five hundred seventy-six square miles. The county was named for General George W. Jones who, as delegate in congress, secured the creation of the Territory of Iowa, and who was one of the first United States Senator when it became a State. The Wapsipinicon and Maquoketa rivers
IOWA RIVER, NEAR IOWA CITY, Old Capitol Quarry
​flow through the county in a southeasterly direction and their stores are lined with woodland.
In 1836 Hugh Brown, Moses Collins, John Flynn and Alfred Weatherford made a settlement at Bowen’s Prairie in the northeast part of the county. During the same year Daniel Varvel and William Clark made claims and built cabins near Montecello. In 1837 a colony from the Red River of the north emigrated southward and made a settlement at Scotch Grove. Among them were Alexander Sutherland, James Brimner, David McCoy and their families numbering in all about thirty persons. In 1839 thirty-three of their neighbors joined the settlement. In 1837-8 a settlement consisting of about thirty persons was made along Farm Creek. Among them were Abraham Hostetter, John Rafferty, Charles P. and James Middleton. The first settlers at Buffalo Forks of the Wapsipinicon River were George Russ and Sherebrick Dakin who came from Maine in 1838. Gideon H. Ford came in the fall and bought their claims which included the site of Anamosa. He sold a portion of the tract to Timothy Davis and George H. Walworth which who laid out a town which was named Walworth. Three years later a town was laid out west of Walworth which was named Lexington. In 1842 David Wood and Edmund Booth built a frame house where Anamosa stands.
The county was organized in August, 1838. In 1840 a commission was chosen by the Legislature located the county-seat near the geographical center of the county and laid out a town which was named Edenburgh. The first term of court was held there the following year by Judge Thomas S. Wilson. In 1845, by a vote of the people, the county-seat was removed from Edenburgh to Newport where the only house was a small log cabin. In 1847 the people voted to move the county-seat and it was located at Lexington. The name of this town was soon after changed to Anamosa in honor of a beautiful Indian girl who once lived there and whose father was a chief named Nas-i-nus. ​The name of the daughter signifies “White Fawn.” The first newspaper in the county was the Anamosa News, published by William Haddock and first issued in February, 1852.
Montecello was laid out in September, 1853, by G. H. Walworth and D. Varvel. Branches of the Milwaukee Railroad run through the county. One of the large penitentiaries of the State is located at Anamosa where there are extensive stone quarries.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Kossuth

​ KOSSUTH COUNTY was established in 1851 and named for the Hungarian patriot, Louis Kossuth. When first created it was twenty-four miles square and its northern boundary was on the north line of township ninety-seven, lying immediately south of Bancroft. In January, 1855, by act of the General Assembly, Bancroft County ceased to exist, its territory having been added to Kossuth as was also the north half of Humboldt. In February, 1857, the townships taken from Humboldt were restored to it and Kossuth was left with territory reaching from Humboldt to the Minnesota line. It lies in the fifth tier east of the Missouri River; is twenty-four miles wide and forty and one-third long, containing nine hundred seventy-seven square miles, making it the largest county in the State. The east fork of the Des Moines River flows through the county to the south and the Blue Earth River flows to the northwest.
​The first settlers in the county were Ambrose A. and Asa C. Call who, in July, 1854, took claims along the Des Moines River near where Algona stands. The place was long know as “Call’s Grove.” Later in the year Malachi Clark, Levi Maxwell, William Hill and Soloman Hand, with their families, took claims on the west side of the Des Moines River about four miles below Call’s Grove. In January, 1855, W. H. Ingham and Andrew L. Seeley took claims near the river four miles above Call’s Grove. In the summer of the same year Jacob Wright, Thomas and John Robinson, W. G. Clark and others settled near where Irvington stands.
In August, 1855, the county was organized by the election of the following officers: Asa C. Call, judge; Robert Cogley, clerk; J. W. Moore, recorder and treasurer; H. F. Watson, sheriff, and Lewis H. Smith, surveyor. The county-seat was located on the claim of A. C. Call and named by his wife Algona. Mrs. Call was the first woman to settle in the county. The town of Algona was platted by A. C. Call, A. A. Call and J. W. Moore in April, 1856. The first newspaper was issued in September, 1861, by Ambrose A. Call and was named the Algona Pioneer Press. A flouring-mill was erected on the Des Moines River in 1867 by J. E. Stacy. Lewis H. Smith was the first lawyer in Algona. The first bank was established by W. H. Ingham in 1867.
In the fall of 1870 the Milwaukee Railroad was completed to Algona giving a direct line to the Mississippi River and Chicago. Algona College was established in 1872 under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal denomination.
# History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century/3/Counties/Lyon

​ LYON COUNTY lies in the extreme northwest corner of the State and when first created in 1851 was named Buncombe. By act of the legislature of September 11, 1862, the name was changed to Lyon in honor of General Nathaniel Lyon who was killed at the Battle of Wilson’s Creek while in command of the Union army in 1861. The county is about thirty-five miles in length east and west and about seventeen miles wide, containing five hundred eighty-seven square miles.
The first white man who built a cabin within its limits was Daniel McLaren a hunter and trapper who lived several years near the Big Sioux River at the mouth of a creek which bears his name. In the summer of 1862 Roy McGregor, George Clark and Thomas Lockhart, three adventurous young men from Massachusetts settled on the Iowa side of the Big Sioux River and built a cabin. McGregor was killed by the Sioux Indians, Clark was drowned in March, 1863, and Lockhart, after many ​narrow escapes from the hostile Indians, returned to the settlements. In July, 1866, Lewis P. Hyde of Minnesota took a homestead on the Big Sioux River two miles below where Beloit stands. In 1868 Ole Nelson and his brother Halver of Clayton County, with a colony, settled near the Big Sioux River where they built a mill. During the same year Dr. H. D. Rice and wife, Emerick Irwin and H. W. Reeves settled on the Rock River near the present town of Doon. D. C. Whitehead and several others settled at Rock Rapids in 1869 and at the close of that year the population of the county was about one hundred.
The first school was taught at Rock Rapids during the winter of 1870-71 by Mrs. D. C. Whitehead and the first minister in the county was Rev. Ellef Oleson of Beloit. On the 25th of July, 1871, a weekly newspaper was established at Rock Rapids by C. E. Bristol which was named the Rock Rapids Journal. The county was organized in October of the same year by the election of the following officers: Charles E. Goetz, auditor; James H. Wagner, treasurer; D. C. Whitehead, clerk; T. W. Johnson, sheriff, and Thomas Thorson, recorder. Rock Rapids on the Rock River was made the county-seat. The Big Sioux River forms the western boundary of the county and State in this section. The Milwaukee and other railroads furnish transportation facilities.
# History of Mexico (Bancroft)/Volume 2

HISTORY
OF
MEXICO
BY
HUBERT HOWE BANCROFT
VOLUME II.
NEW YORK THE BANCROFT COMPANY
# Greene v. United States

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* Greene v. United States (358 U.S. 326)
* Greene v. United States (369 U.S. 403)
* Greene v. United States (376 U.S. 149)
# Greene v. McElroy

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## Concurring Opinion

    Harlan

## Dissenting Opinion

    Clark
United States Supreme Court
360 U.S. 474
Greene v. McElroy
Argued: April 1, 1959. --- Decided: June 29, 1959
[Syllabus from pages 474-475 intentionally omitted]
Mr. Carl W. Berueffy, Washington, D.C., for the petitioner.
Mr. George Cochran Doub, Washington, D.C., for the respondents.
Mr. Chief Justice WARREN delivered the opinion of the Court.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Greene v. Texas

* related portals: Supreme Court of the United States.
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United States Supreme Court
387 U.S. 240
Greene v. Texas
John Belcher,pro se.
Bronson C. La Follette, Atty. Gen. of Wisconsin, and William A. Platz and Warren H. Resh, Asst. Attys. Gen., for respondent.
On Petition for Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of Wisconsin.
PER CURIAM.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Greene v. Texas/Opinion of the Court

* Court Documents
* Case Syllabus
* Per Curiam Opinion of the Court
United States Supreme Court
387 U.S. 240
Greene v. Texas
The motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and the petition for a writ of certiorari are granted. The judgment is vacated and the case is remanded to the Supreme Court of Wisconsin for further consideration in light of Anders v. State of California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493.
Mr. Justice BLACK, Mr. Justice HARLAN, and Mr. Justice STEWART are of the opinion that certiorari should be denied.

## Notes

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
# Foreign Service Act

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* Foreign Service Act of Estonia
* Foreign Service Act of 1980 (United States of America)
# Foreign Service Act of 1980

Note: This is the original legislation as it was initially enacted. Any subsequent amendments hosted on Wikisource may be listed using What Links Here.
An Act To promote the foreign policy of the United States by strengthening and improving the Foreign Service of the United States, and for other purposes.
    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

### Section 1. Short Title.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Foreign Service Act of 1980´´.

### Sec. 2. Table of Contents.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
       Sec. 1. Short Title.
       Sec. 2. Table of Contents.
       TITLE I—THE FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES
          CHAPTER 1—GENERAL PROVISIONS
          CHAPTER 2—MANAGEMENT OF THE SERVICE
          CHAPTER 3—APPOINTMENTS
          CHAPTER 4—COMPENSATION
          CHAPTER 5—CLASSIFICATION OF POSITIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS
          CHAPTER 6—PROMOTION AND RETENTION
          CHAPTER 7—CAREER DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING, AND ORIENTATION
          CHAPTER 8—FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY
             SUBCHAPTER I—FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY SYSTEM
             SUBCHAPTER II—FOREIGN SERVICE PENSION SYSTEM
          CHAPTER 9—TRAVEL, LEAVE, AND OTHER BENEFITS
          CHAPTER 10—LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS
          CHAPTER 11—GRIEVANCES
          CHAPTER 12—FOREIGN SERVICE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
       TITLE II—TRANSITION, AMENDMENTS TO OTHER LAWS, AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
          CHAPTER 1—TRANSITION
          CHAPTER 2—PROVISIONS RELATING TO FOREIGN AFFAIRS AGENCIES
          CHAPTER 3—AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 5, UNITED STATES CODE
          CHAPTER 4—SAVING PROVISIONS, CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT, AND EFFECTIVE DATE
Approved October 17, 1980.

## Legislative History

* H.R. 6790
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# Foreign Tales and Traditions/Volume 1/Legends of Rubezahl/How Rubezahl changed himself into an Ass

From Praetorius' Daemonologia Rubinzalii Silesii (volume 1, 1668), as edited by Büsching as "Erzählungen vom Rübezahl: Rübezahl verwandelt sich in einen Esel", in Volks-Sagen, Märchen und Legenden (1812)
No. V. HOW RUBEZAHL CHANGED HIMSELF INTO AN ASS.
A glazier was once travelling across the mountain with a heavy load of glass upon his back; long and sore had the poor man toiled beneath his burden, and being now ready to sink beneath it, he was looking around him for a place where he might rest himself. Rubezahl—ever on the lookout for adventures—soon espied the way-worn traveller, and instantly transformed himself into a log of wood, which the glazier no sooner perceived lying on the ground before him than he hastened to rest himself upon it. But scarcely had he got himself comfortably seated, and stretched out his weary limbs, than away rolled the log from beneath him, and the poor glazier found himself upset, and all his frame of glass shivered into a thousand pieces.
With some difficulty he got upon his legs again, but the false log was no longer to be seen. The poor man was sore grieved on account of his loss, and gazed upon the broken fragments of glass which lay strewed around till tears filled his eyes. Then appeared Rubezahl, in the form of a traveller, who asked the glazier what ailed him; whereupon the latter told all that had befallen him,—how long and sore he had toiled—and how the false log had slipped from beneath ​him,—and with many sighs he added that he was now a ruined man for he had thus lost all his little stock in trade to the value of eight thalers. The mountain-spirit, who is, upon the whole, of a generous disposition, was touched by the honest fellow’s simple story, and confessed that he himself had played him the trick for a little diversion. “But,” added he, “I will more than remunerate thee for thy loss and vexation.”
Rubezahl in a moment transformed himself into a jackass, and directed the glazier to lead him down to a mill, which lay at the foot of the mountain, and there to offer him for sale to the miller, which the poor man did and soon sold him to the miller for ten thalers, with which he took his way home, right glad at heart. Meanwhile the miller’s boy led his master’s new purchase into the stable, and placed a bundle of hay before him; but the ass opened his mouth and said: “I do not want hay; give me something roasted or baked.” The boy was amazed at hearing an ass speak, and ran out of the stable, roaring to his master that the new ass could speak. But when the miller entered the stable himself, behold there was no ass there! Thus did Rubezahl do a piece of service to a poor but honest man; and punish the miller who filched his neighbour’s flour.
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# Foreign Tales and Traditions/Volume 1/Legends of Rubezahl/The Coach-Wheel

Translation of story 5 of "Mährchen und Sagen aus dem Riesengebirge" from Geschichten, Mährchen und Sagen (1823)
No. II. THE COACH WHEEL.
A coachman had one day, with great exertion, rolled a wheel across the mountain. He had just got it conveyed to the top of a considerable eminence, and, feeling himself much fatigued, had placed the wheel against a tree, and laid himself down under another, where he soon fell asleep. In the meantime, Rubezahl bewitches the wheel. The coachman awoke much refreshed from his slumber, and attempted to renew his task; but the obstinate wheel resisted every effort to set it again in motion. Long he toiled, and struggled, and panted in vain; at last, by one convulsive exertion, he tore it from the tree; but it now fell with the weight of a ton to the ground, and by no effort could he succeed in raising it again. At the moment, however, that the coachman, quite out of ​breath and imprecating a thousand curses upon the obstinate wheel, had renounced in despair the attempt to move it, up it started, and after poising itself for a moment, without any assistance from its exasperated guide, bounded away with amazing velocity down the rocky declivity of the mountain! Poor coachee hastened after it, and saw with infinite astonishment that it ran as easily up the ridge of the mountain as down. After a long and toilsome chase the wheel seemed to slacken its course, and coachee began to hope he might overtake it; but just as he came up to it, and was extending his arm to lay hold of it, away it sprung from him with redoubled rapidity! Thus the wheel continued to run, and the coachman after it, over many a weary mile, up hill and down dale. At last, its pursuer succeeded in grasping it firmly, and wheel and coachman fell to the ground together; again it started up—again its tenacious pursuer sprung after, and away they flew till both fell together on a dunghill at the stable-door, whither the exhausted coachman had at first designed to conduct the wheel.
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