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# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartry, Malachy

​HARTRY, MALACHY, alias JOHN (fl. 1640), hagiographer, a native of Waterford, was educated at the Irish college at Lisbon, and became a monk of the order of Cîteaux in the abbey of Palacuel in Spain. Hartry subsequently joined the Cistercians in Ireland in their missionary labours, and endeavoured to investigate the history of the Irish branch of the order. Some of the materials thus obtained he transmitted to the Cistercian historiographers on the continent, and they refer to him under the name of ‘Artry, natione Hibernus.’ He appears to have remained in Ireland till 1651, and to have died soon after in Flanders. Two unpublished Latin works compiled by Hartry are extant in the archives of the see of Cashel. They are in one volume, written on vellum, with illuminated title-page and coloured drawings. The first is entitled ‘Triumphalia chronologica de cœnobio Sanctæ Crucis sacri ordinis Cisterciensis in Hibernia,’ and is dated 1640. It comprises an account of the establishment of the Cistercian abbey of Holy Cross in Tipperary, with notices of its relics and administrators (cf. transcript in Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 31879). The second manuscript gives an account of Cistercian establishments in Ireland, mainly copied from Sir James Ware (cf. Chartularies of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin, Rolls Ser., 1884). A description of Hartry's compilations, by the author of the present notice, will be published by the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts.
J. T. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartstonge, John

​HARTSTONGE, JOHN, D.D. (1654–1717), bishop of Derry, third son of Sir Standish Hartstonge, bart., one of the barons of the exchequer in Ireland, was born on 1 Dec. 1654 at Catton, near Norwich. Having received his early education in Charleville and Kilkenny schools, he entered Trinity College, Dublin, on 20 May 1672, under the tutorship of the Rev. Thomas Wallis (Entrance Books, T.C.D.), and graduated B.A. in 1677 and M.A. in 1680 (Todd, Cat.of Dublin Graduates, p. 258). From Dublin he removed to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 19 June 1676 (College Admission Book), and there took the degree of M.A. in 1680. He was also for a year at Glasgow University. On his return in 1681 from travelling on the continent he was elected a fellow of Gonville and Caius College, and soon after, having meanwhile been ordained, he was appointed chaplain to the first Duke of Ormonde. On the duke's death in 1688 he became chaplain to the second duke, whom he attended in his first four campaigns in Flanders, and to whose influence he was indebted for his subsequent preferments. On 24 June 1684 he was collated to the archdeaconry of Limerick, and as archdeacon he was attainted by King James's Irish parliament of 1689, under the name of 'Henry Harstrong.' He was promoted to the bishopric of Ossory by patent dated 8 April 1693, and at the same time he received the degree of D.D. by diploma from the university of Oxford. From Ossory he was translated to Derry, by patent dated 3 March 1714. He died in Dublin on 30 Jan. 1717, and was buried at St. Andrew's Church. His letters to J. Ellis (1691-1704) are among Brit. Mus. Addit. MSS. 28877-28926.
[Sir James Ware's Works, ed. Harris, i. 431; Cotton's Fasti Eccl. Hib. i. 407, ii. 282, iii. 322, v. 158; Bishop Mant's Hist. of the Church of Ireland, ii. 45, 268; Archbishop King's State of the Protestants of Ireland under King James's Government, ed. 1768, p. 354; Graves and Prim's Hist. and Antiq. of the Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, p. 320; Cat. of Oxford Graduates, p. 302; Ordnance Survey of the County of Londonderry, i. 64.]
B. H. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartley, Jesse

​HARTLEY, JESSE (1780–1860), civil engineer, was born in 1780 in the North Riding of Yorkshire, his father being 'bridge-master' of that district. After being apprenticed to a mason he succeeded his father as bridge-master, and soon evinced a natural bent towards engineering. He was appointed dock surveyor in Liverpool in 1824. As engineer under the dock trust of that port, Hartley for the last thirty-six years of his life altered or entirely reconstructed every dock in Liverpool. Hartley was also engineer for the Bol ton and Manchester railway and canal, and consulting engineer for the Dee bridge at Chester, which Thomas Harrison (1744-1829) [q. v.] designed, and which was completed m 1833. In Liverpool Hartley was noted for his devotion to his work, and for the simplicity of his life and manners. He died at Bootlamarsh, near Liverpool, 24 Aug. 1860.
R. E. A.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartopp, John

​HARTOPP, Sir JOHN (1637?–1722), nonconformist, born about 1637, was the only son of Sir Edward Hartopp, bart., of Freeby, Leicestershire, by Mary, daughter of Sir John Coke, knt., of Melbourne, Derbyshire. He succeeded as third baronet in 1658. By his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Fleetwood [q. v.], he inherited the latter's house at Stoke Newington, Middlesex. When in London, of which he became an alderman, he attended the independent meeting-house in Leadenhall Street, over which Dr. John Owen presided, and continued a member under successive ministers until his death. In early life he used to take down in shorthand the discourses of famous preachers, that he might read them to his family. Thirteen sermons of John Owen, preserved in this way, were published by Hartopp's grand-daughter, Mrs. Cooke, in 1756. Hartopp represented Leicestershire in the parliaments of 1678–9, 1679, and 1680–1. He zealously supported the bill of exclusion in 1681. In the next reign he was heavily fined for nonconformity. He died on 1 April 1722, aged 85, and was buried on the 11th in Stoke Newington Church beside his wife, who had died on 9 Nov. 1711. Isaac Watts, who resided with the Hartopps for five years at Stoke Newington, preached their funeral sermons. By will Hartopp left 10,000l. for the instruction of youth for the dissenting ministry; but his heirs, taking advantage of a defect in the conveyance, appropriated the bequest to themselves. Nearly one half of the legacy, however, was eventually restored, and applied to the use for which it was originally designed. Hartopp appears to have had a family of four sons and nine daughters. His son and successor, John (1680?–1762), in whom the title became extinct, assisted Lady Mary Abney in erecting a monument over Watts's remains in Bunhill Fields.
[Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, No. ix. p. 28; William Robinson's Stoke Newington, pp. 78–81, 195–6; Walter Wilson's Dissenting Churches, i. 295, 314, ii. 310; Bogue and Bennett's Hist. of Dissenters, ii. 241, 382, 407–9; Watts's Funeral Sermons; Preface to J. A. Jones's reprint of J. Owen's Use of Faith, 1851; Burke's Extinct Baronetcies, 247.]
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartshorne, Charles Henry

​HARTSHORNE, CHARLES HENRY (1802–1865), antiquary, born at Broseley, Shropshire, 17 March 1802, was the only child of John Hartshorne, ironmaster, and came from a family long settled at Broseley and Benthall. He was educated at Shrewsbury School, and entered as a pensioner at St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1821. He graduated B.A. in 1825, and M.A. in 1828, and in 1825 was invited by his friend the Earl of Guilford, who had been appointed 'archon' over the university of Corfu, to accompany him to that island. He travelled through Italy and made a tour in the Levant. In 1826 he returned to England, and in the following year was ordained. Hartshorne was curate at Benthall, Shropshire, from 1825 to 1828, and from 1828 to 1836 at Little Wenlock in the same county. After passing two years at Leamington he took charge of the parish of Cogenhoe, Northamptonshire, from 1838 till 1850, when he was presented by the crown to the rectory of Holdenby in the same county. He was honorary chaplain to Francis and William Russell, seventh and eighth dukes of Bedford respectively, fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, and a member of the Roxburghe Club. He died suddenly at Holdenby on 11 March 1865. In 1828 he married Frances Margaretta, younger daughter of the Rev. Thomas Kerrich [q. v.], principal librarian of the university of Cambridge.
Hartshorne published:
* 'A Geyfte ffor the Newe Yere, or a playne, plesaunte, and profytable Pathewaie to the Black Letter Paradyse. Emprinted over the grete Gatewaie off Saincte Jhonnes College,' 1825, a bibliographical jeu d'esprit, of which only ten copies were printed.
* 'The Book Rarities of the University of Cambridge,' 1829.
* 'Ancient Metrical Tales,' 1829, praised by Scott, who refers to it in the 'Introduction' to 'Ivanhoe.'
* 'Sepulchral Remains in Northamptonshire,' 1840.
* 'Salopia Antiqua; or an Enquiry into the Early Remains in Shropshire and the North Welsh Borders,' including a 'Glossary of the Provincial Dialect of Shropshire,' 1841.
* 'Historical Memorials of Northampton,' 1848.
* 'Memoirs illustrative of the History and Antiquities of Northumberland,' 1858, a valuable contribution to the history of the borders.
He contributed an article upon 'The Latin Plays acted before the University of Cambridge' to the 'Retrospective Review;' and was a frequent writer in the 'Archæological Journal.' His archæological papers deal with the architectural history of mediæval towns and castles; various mediæval parliaments; the royal councils of Worcester; the obsequies of Catherine of Arragon; early remains in the great isle of Arran; the itineraries of Edwards I and II; and domestic manners in the reign of Edward I. He was also author of papers on the drainage of the New Valley, and subjects connected with social science.
[Private information.]
A. H.-e.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Hartog, Numa Edward

​HARTOG, NUMA EDWARD (1846–1871), senior wrangler, born in London 20 May 1846, was eldest son of M. Alphonse Hartog, a native of France and professor of French in London. Both his parents were of the Jewish faith. Hartog attended University College School and University College, London, and passed with remarkable distinction the B.A. and B.Sc. examinations at London University in 1864. Matriculating at Trinity College, Cambridge, in October 1865, he was elected a foundation scholar in 1866, and came out senior wrangler in the mathematical tripos of January 1869. As a Jew he declined to go through the ordinary ceremony of admission to the degree of B.A., and in accordance with a special grace passed unanimously by the senate on 29 Jan. 1869, the vice-chancellor admitted him to the degree without employing the form of words invoking the Trinity, to which Hartog objected. He won the second Smith's prize immediately afterwards, but the existence of religious tests prevented him from offering himself as a candidate for the fellowship at his college, which usually rewarded the senior wrangler. ​Leaving Cambridge he held for a short time a post in the treasury; and subsequently entered the office of Mr. (now Lord) Thring, parliamentary draughtsman. In 1869 Sir John Duke (now Lord) Coleridge, solicitor-general in Mr. Gladstone's first ministry, introduced a long-promised bill for the abolition of religious tests at the universities, and quoted Hartog's case in support of his argument. Many other references were made to Hartog's disability in the succeeding debates. The commons passed the bill in 1869 and 1870, but the lords rejected it on both occasions. On 3 March 1871 Hartog was examined at length by a select committee of the House of Lords, appointed to consider the question of university tests, and presided over by Lord Salisbury. His evidence made considerable impression. The bill was passed by the House of Lords in May, and received the royal assent 16 June 1871. Unfortunately Hartog died from smallpox three days later (19 June) before he could benefit by the new legislation.
[Times, 21 June and 22 June 1871; Jewish Record, 3 Feb. 1869 (quoting Cambridge Chronicle and Manchester Guardian), and 23 June 1871; Jewish Chronicle, 23 June 1871; Morais's Eminent Israelites, Philadelphia, 1880, pp. 119 sq.; Hansard's Parl. Debates, vol. 194, pp. 1043, 1051, vol. 201, p. 1210; Report of the Lords' Select Committee on University Tests, 1871, pp. 131–8, 337.]
S. L. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parnell, William

​PARNELL, WILLIAM, afterwards PARNELL-HAYES (d. 1821), controversialist, was third son of Sir John Parnell [q. v.] by Letitia Charlotte, second daughter and coheiress of Sir Arthur Brooke of Cole-Brooke, co. Fermanagh (Burke, Landed Gentry, 5th edit. ii. 1052). He was opposed to the union, and, though a protestant, had a warm admiration for the Roman catholic clergy. He was also in favour of catholic emancipation. He was elected M.P. for co. Wicklow on 12 Aug. 1817, on 29 June 1819, and on 17 March 1820. He was a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant of co. Wicklow, and, as a resident and liberal landlord, he was greatly esteemed among his tenantry. Parnell succeeded his father in the property of Avondale, Rathdrum, co. Wicklow, which his father had inherited in 1796 under the will of Samuel Hayes. Parnell thereupon assumed the additional name of Hayes. He died on 2 Jan. 1821, at Castle Howard, co. Wicklow, the seat of Colonel Howard (Scots Mag. 1821, pt. i. p. 191). By his marriage in 1810 to Frances (d. 1813), daughter of the Hon. Hugh Howard, he had issue John Henry Parnell ​(1811–1859), and Catherine Parnell, who married in 1835 George Vicesimus Wigram.
His brother, Henry Brooke Parnell, Lord Congleton, and his grandson, Charles Stewart Parnell, are separately noticed.
Parnell, who is represented as being an amiable, cultured man, was an intimate friend of Thomas Moore (cf. Moore, Memoirs, vii. 109), and of Mrs. Henry Tighe, the poetess, who addressed a sonnet to him. His writings are: 1. ‘An Enquiry into the Causes of Popular Discontents in Ireland. By an Irish Country Gentleman,’ 8vo, Dublin, 1805, with a satirical ‘preface and notes’ by a ‘friend to the Constitution.’ 2. ‘An Historical Apology for the Irish Catholics,’ 8vo, Dublin, 1807 (3rd edit., London, 1808), dedicated to the Duke of Bedford. He alleged persecution to be the real cause of disaffection among the Irish Roman catholics, and advocated the removal of their grievances. His arguments received the approbation of Sydney Smith in the ‘Edinburgh Review’ for July 1807, pp. 299–306. 3. ‘Sermons, partly translated, partly imitated, from Massillon and Bourdaloue,’ 8vo, London, 1816, which he designed for the use of country schools in Ireland. 4. ‘Maurice and Berghetta; or the Priest of Rahery: a Tale’ (anon.), 12mo, London, 1819 (reprinted in London with the author's name on the title-page as ‘The Priest of Rahery’ in 1825). It is dedicated to the ‘Catholic Priesthood of Ireland,’ and has a long introduction detailing the miserable condition of the Irish peasantry. The book was condemned by the ‘Quarterly Review’ (xxi. 471–86) as ‘at once mischievous and absurd.’ Parnell protested vigorously against such criticism in ‘A Letter to the Editor of the “Quarterly Review,”’ 8vo, Dublin, 1820, which was responded to in the next number of the ‘Quarterly Review’ (xxiii. 360–73).
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parning, Robert

​PARNING, Sir ROBERT (d. 1343), chancellor, was a member of a Cumberland family. He was acting as counsel before 21 July 1315, when he was seeking a pour-party of lands on behalf of Walter de Kirkbride, and in 1318 he was counsel in a plea of dower in chancery (Cal. Close Rolls, Edward II, pp. 304, 614). Parning occurs as one of the manucaptors for Walter de Kirkbride on 11 July 1322 (Parliamentary Writs, ii. 211). He was knight of the shire for Cumberland in the parliaments of 18 Nov. 1325, 15 Sept. 1327, 7 Feb. 1328, 30 Sept. 1331, and 16 March 1332 (Return of Members of Parliament). From 1327 to 1340 his name occurs frequently in the law-books, and it is clear that he was among the most skilful counsel of his day (Year Book, 12–13 Edward III, p. cxxvii). He became a serjeant-at-law in 1330, and was one of the king's serjeants before 24 June 1333 (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Edward III, 1330–4, p. 454). From February 1331 onwards Parning was frequently employed on commissions of oyer and terminer (cf. ib. pp. 133, 285, 300, 496, 503, 575–8). In the parliament of 1339 he was one of the commissioners to hear petitions coram rege (Rolls of Parliament, ii. 111, 114 b). On 23 May 1340 he was appointed one of the justices of the court of common pleas; on 24 July 1340 he was made chief justice of the court of king's bench, and on 15 Dec. 1340 treasurer. On 27 Oct. 1341 Parning was made chancellor (Fœdera, ii. 1180). Although chancellor, he still attended in the court of common pleas, as, for instance, in the thirty-fourth and fifty-first cases in Hilary term 1343. He died on 26 Aug. 1343 (ib. ii. 1231). His London residence was in Aldermanbury. By his wife Isabella, whom he married before 1329 (Cal. Pat. Rolls, Edward III, 1327–30, p. 404), he had a son named John. At the time of his death he held lands in Cumberland and Northumberland (Cal. Inq. post mortem, ii. 110). Coke (Fourth Institute, p. 79) speaks of Parning as distinguished for his profound and excellent knowledge of the laws. In contemporary documents Parning's name often appears as Parnynk, and sometimes, perhaps by error, as Parvynk.
C. L. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parr, Bartholomew

​PARR, BARTHOLOMEW, M.D. (1750–1810), medical writer, born at Exeter in 1750, was son of Bartholomew Parr (1713–1800) by his second wife, Johanna Burgess. His father, who had been a pupil of Smellie, was a skilful accoucheur, and was one of the surgeons to the Devon and Exeter Hospital for fifty-four years. Parr graduated M.D. at Edinburgh in 1773. His inaugural dissertation, ‘De Balneo,’ was pronounced the best of the year, and obtained the honour of a lengthy analysis in the ‘Medical and Philosophical Commentaries’ (i. 297). He then returned to Exeter, where he acquired an excellent practice. On 16 Feb. 1775, on the retirement of Thomas Glass, M.D. [q. v.], he was appointed physician to the Devon and Exeter Hospital. Parr died in Bedford Circus, Exeter, on 20 Nov. 1810, and was buried in St. Stephen's Church. He married, ​first, Maria, daughter of John Coddrington, by whom he had two sons—Coddrington Parr of Stonelands, Dawlish, Devonshire, and Samuel Parr of Lowestoft, Suffolk—and, secondly, on 27 May 1809, Frances Robson of St. Stephen's parish, Exeter. This lady deserted the doctor after six weeks, but continued to correspond affectionately with his sons.
Parr was one of the founders of a literary society at Exeter which included Polwhele and, for a brief period, the elder D'Israeli among its members. This society published in 1796 a volume of proceedings, in the form of a collection of essays.
Parr, who was fellow of the Royal Societies of London (elected 23 March 1797) and of Edinburgh, afforded important literary assistance to his friend Andrew Duncan the elder [q. v.], the editor of the ‘Medical and Philosophical Commentaries’ and of the ‘Annals of Medicine.’ A large number of the critical reviews in these publications were from his pen. To vol. ix. of the former serial he contributed an interesting ‘Account of the Influenza as it appeared in Devonshire in May 1782.’ His reputation rests, however, on his ‘London Medical Dictionary,’ 2 vols. 4to, 1809, a work of great research and industry.
G. G.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parr, Catherine

​PARR, CATHERINE (1512–1548), queen of Henry VIII. [See Catherine.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Parmentier, James

1904 Errata appended.
​PARMENTIER, JAMES (JACQUES) (1658–1730), painter, born in France in 1658, was nephew of the celebrated painter, Sebasté Bourdon, who encouraged and gave him instruction in drawing, and would have done more for him but for his death in 1671. After some further instruction from a relation, Parmentier came to England in September 1676, to work under J. C. De La Fosse, the decorative painter, who was then engaged in painting the ceilings at the Duke of Montagu's house in Bloomsbury, for which Parmentier laid in the dead colours. He was then sent over by William III to the royal palace at Loo in Holland, and gained favour for his decorative skill; but he threw up his work through a dispute with Marot, who was surveyor of the royal palaces in Holland. Parmentier then returned to France, and made a visit to Italy. Being of the protestant faith, he left France again for England after the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and returned to London. Not finding sufficient patronage there, he accepted an invitation to go down to Yorkshire, where he found plenty of employment for some years, painting many portraits, and, among other historical works, an altar-piece of ‘The Lord's Supper’ for Holy Trinity Church, Hull, presented by himself in return for the hospitality shown him there; another altar-piece for St. Peter's Church at Leeds, and a staircase for the Duke of Norfolk at Worksop Manor, Nottinghamshire. On the death in 1721 of Louis Laguerre [q. v.] Parmentier returned to London, hoping to succeed to Laguerre's practice as a decorative painter. He did not, however, obtain what he wanted, and, falling into indifferent circumstances, determined to return to Holland and finish his days among relatives at Amsterdam. This intention was frustrated by his death, which took place in London on 2 Dec. 1730. He was buried in St. Paul's, Covent Garden. When in Holland, Parmentier painted the ceiling and two chimney-pieces in the chief room of the royal palace at Binnenhof, now the parliament-house at the Hague. He was a member of the guild of St. Luke at the Hague, becoming a master on 1 Dec. 1698. At Painters' Hall in London there is a painting by him of ‘Diana and Endymion.’ A portrait of St. Evremond by him was engraved more than once; one of Lord-chief-justice Sir James Reynolds was engraved by J. Faber in mezzotint, and another of Marot, mentioned above, by J. Gole, also in mezzotint. Claude Du Bosc [q. v.], the engraver, was to engrave a large print of the ‘Temple of Solomon,’ after a painting by Parmentier, but it is doubtful whether this was ever executed.
[Vertue's Diaries (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 23076); Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Dussieux's Artistes Français à l'Etranger; Obreen's Archief voor Nederlandsche Kunstgeschiedenis, v. 139.]
L. C.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.214 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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