OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Bourdieu, Isaac

​BOURDIEU, ISAAC du. [See Du Bourdieu.]
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carey, John (1756-1826)

​CAREY, JOHN, LL.D. (1756–1826), classical scholar, brother of Mathew Carey, author of the 'Vindiciæ Hibernicæ,' [q. v.], and of William Paulet Carey [q. v.], was born in Ireland in 1756. At the age of twelve he was sent to finish his education in a French university. He spent some time in the United States about 1789, and afterwards passed many years in London as a teacher of the classics, French, and shorthand. He died at Prospect Place, Lambeth, 8 Dec, 1826, from calculus, the last years of his life having been embittered by distressing complaints.
Carey was editor of the early numbers of the 'School Magazine,' published by Phillips, and a frequent contributor to the 'Monthly' and 'Gentleman's' magazines. In the former journal in 1803 he made a suggestion for enabling persons on shore to give assistance to distressed vessels by means of shooting a wooden ball from a mortar, an idea subsequently conceived and carried out independently by Captain G. M. Manby, for which invention Manby was rewarded by government. Carey brought out a new edition of Dryden's 'Virgil,' 1803, 3 vols. 8vo, and again in 1819; two editions of Ainsworth's 'Latin Dictionary' in 4to, and five of the abridgment of the same; the 'Gradus ad Parnassum' in 1824; the Latin 'Common Prayer' in Bagster's polyglot edition; 'Ruperti Commentarius in Livium,' and a revision of Schleusner's 'New Testament Lexicon' (1826). He likewise edited more than fifty volumes of the 'Regent Latin Classics' published by Baldwin. He was the compiler of the valuable 'General Index to the Monthly Review from 1790 to 1816' (2 vols. 1818), and translated Bitaubé's 'Batavians,' Madame de Staël's 'Young Emigrants,' Lehmen's 'Letters on Switzerland,' and others. In 1810 he published a story for children called 'Learning better than House and Land,' which went through several editions. His school-books were popular in their day and generally praised for accuracy and scholarly qualities. Among them are:
* 'Latin Prosody made Easy,' 1800; new ​edition 1812.
* 'Practical English Prosody and Versification,' 1809.
* 'Alphabetic Key to the Propria quæ maribus,' 1812.
* 'Introduction to English Composition and Elocution,' 1817.
* 'Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana,' 1818.
* 'Eton Latin Prosody illustrated,' 1818.
* 'Greek Terminations,' 1821.
* 'Latin Terminations,' 1821.
He published also a small volume of poems, with a portrait prefixed.
[Rose's Biog. Dict.; Biog. Dict. of Living Authors (1816), p. 64; Webb's Compendium of Irish Biography (1878), p. 73; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; London Catal. of Books from 1814-46; Boase and Courtney's Bibl. Cornubiensis, i. 68; private information.]
C. W. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cargill, Ann

​CARGILL, ANN (1748?–1764), actress and vocalist, made as Miss Brown her first appearance in London at Corent Garden in 1770, playing Sally in George Colmon's comedy 'Man and Wife.' During her stay at Covent Garden, which lasted until 1780, she was the original Clara in the 'Duenna' of Sheridan (21 Nov. 1776), and took some primary rôles in comic opera and burletta, and many secondary rôles in comedy. On 2 Sept. 1780 she played at the Haymarket, as Mrs. Cargill, late Miss Brown, the Goddess of Health in the 'Genius of Nonsense' of her manager, George Colman. Conspicuous success attended her performance at the same theatre, 8 Aug. 1781, of Macheath, in a representation of the 'Beggar's Opera,' in which the male characters were sustained by women, and the female characters by men. Mrs. Cargill also performed Patie in Ramsay's 'Gentle Shepherd' (29 Oct. 1781), Marinetta in Tickell's 'Carnival of Venice' (13 Dec. 1781), and Damon in 1783 in the 'Chaplet,' Mrs. Cargill, who was short and thick in figure, acted with singular spirit as Captain Macheath. It is chronicled that her tremors upon hearing the bell sound for execution moved the audience to tears. In 1782 she went to India, where she not only played her favourite operatic characters, but attempted tragedy with some success. A single benefit is said to have brought her the then 'astonishing sum of 12,000 rupees.' On her return home in 1781 the Nancy packet in which she had taken her passage was lost. Her body was found 'on the rocks of Scilly floating in her shift,' with an infant in her arms. Numerous portraits of Mrs. Cargill were painted and engraved. Two engravings were issued in 1776 after a picture by W. Peters. Engraved portraits were afterwards published of her in her chief characters, including Clara (1778), Miranda (1777), and Polly (1777 and 1782).
[Genest's Account of the Engliah Stage; Thespian Dictionary; Doran's Their Majesties' Servants; Oxberry's Dramatic Chronology; Young's Memoirs of Mrs. Crouch; information kindly supplied by Mr. W. Barclay Squire.]
J. K.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Carey, John (d.1617)

1904 Errata appended.
​CAREY, JOHN, third Lord Hunsdon (d. 1617), second son of Henry, first lord Hunsdon [q. v.], was deputy warden of the eastern marches under his father, and marshal of Berwick, where he proclaimed James I king of England (Nichols, Progresses, i.50), when his brother Sir Robert. Carey [q. v.] rode northwards with the news of Queen Elizabeth's death. He was much esteemed by James I,and appears to have conducted some diplomatic business between the king and Queen Elizabeth with rare sagacity and tact. His brother Sir Robert mentions him once or twice in his autobiographical memoirs, and always with respect, though he had little to thank him for in the bargain the brothers made for the possession of Norham Castle. On the death of his brother George, second lord Hunsdon [q. v.], without male issue, he succeeded to the title in September 1603 (ib. p. 263). His name appears occasionally in the court pageants of James I's reign. He married Mary, daughter of Leonard Hyde of Throcking, Hertfordshire, and, dying in April 1617, left behind two sons, Henry and Charles, of whom the elder, Henry, succeeded to the title, and became subsequently Viscount Rochfort and Earl of Dover.
[Memoirs of Sir Robert Carey; Nichols's Progresses of King James I; Banks's Dormant and Extinct Baronage; Calendar of State Papers, Scotland, 1509-1603.]
A. J.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.54 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 73 | i | 16-15 f.e. | Carey, John, 3rd Lord Hunsdon: for marshal of Berwick, where read M.P. for Buckingham 1584, 1588-9, and 1592. As marshal of Berwick |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cargill, James

​CARGILL, JAMES (fl. 1605), botanist, was a medical man resident at Aberdeen, who studied botany and anatomy at Basle while Casper Bauhin was professor of those sciences. Bauhin, for whom a professorship was founded in 1589, enumerates Cargill among those who sent seeds and specimens to him, and a definate record of his aid in regard to several species of fucus, together with his descriptions of them, is given in Bauhin's 'Prodromus.' He aided Geener in the same way, and also Lobel (or Lobelius), who, in his 'Adversaria' (1605), refers to him as a philosopher, well skilled in botany and anatomy. No other record is known of Cargill.
[Casper Bauhin's Prodromus Theatri Botanici, Frankfort-on-Main, 1620, p. 154; Pulteney's Historical Sketches of the Progress of Botany in England, 1790, ii. 2.]
G. T. B.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, John Andrews

​JONES, JOHN ANDREWS (1779–1868), baptist minister and author, born on 10 Oct. 1779 at Bristol, was the son of a manufacturing tobacconist. He was educated in Colston's Charity School, Bristol (3 Sept. 1789–31 Dec. 1794), and was apprenticed to a Bristol merchant, but from 1801 to 1813 was employed as a bookbinder at Guildford, Surrey. In early life he was, according to his own confession, ‘of the baneful deistical school,’ but was converted to baptist principles in 1807 by John Gill, pastor of the baptist church at St. Albans, Hertfordshire. He was baptised (3 July 1808) in the old meeting-house at Guildford, and six months later began to preach in the surrounding district, and to write for the ‘Gospel Magazine’ in May 1811. After preaching informally at the church at Hartley Row, Hampshire, for nearly three years, he was ordained minister there on 13 March 1816. In 1818 he was minister for a short time of Ebenezer Chapel, Stonehouse, Devonshire, and for six months subsequently at Beccles, Suffolk. He ‘settled’ at Ringstead, Northamptonshire (1821–5), and was pastor of the Particular Baptist Church, North Road, Brentford, from 1825 till June 1831, when he became pastor of the chapel in Mitchell Street, Old Street, London. In 1831 his congregation removed to ‘Jireh’ Chapel in Brick Lane, Old Street, and in 1861 to East Street, City Road; Jones remained there till his death in August 1868. He was buried at Abney Park cemetery on 28 Aug. 1868. He married at Guildford, on 10 Oct. 1805, Ann (1774–1849), daughter of Elisha Turner of Bentley, Hampshire, by whom he left issue.
Jones's chief work is ‘Bunhill Memorials,’ London, 1849; to which a series of detached reprints of religious works by John ​Gill, John Owen, John Brine, and others, published by Jones between 1849 and 1854, and bearing the title ‘Sacred Remains,’ was intended to serve as an appendix. Amongst his other works were ‘The History of the Iniquitous Schism Bill of 1714,’ 1843, and ‘A Confession of Faith delivered at Hartley Row, March 13, 1816,’ London, 1853. Jones also published many pamphlets, devotional tracts, and single sermons; edited many religious treatises, notably Gill's ‘Body of Divinity’ in 1839, and engaged in 1833–4 in a printed controversy with Joseph Irons, independent minister of Grove Chapel, Camberwell.
[Jones's Works; Baptist Messenger for 1868; Baptist Manual and Baptist Handbook; private information from the Rev. John W. Ewing, the Rev. R. A. Selby, the Rev. William Footman, and Mr. James J. Fromore.]
W. A. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, John (fl.1827)

1904 Errata appended.
​JONES, JOHN (fl. 1827), verse-writer, was born in 1774 at Clearwell in the Forest of Dean, where his father was gardener in the service of Charles Wyndham (who assumed the name of Elwin), and his mother kept a small shop in the village. After receiving only so much education as enabled him to read and write, he became an errand-boy, and afterwards, at the age of seventeen, a domestic servant at Bath. He employed his leisure in self-cultivation, read poetry, and began writing verses. In January 1804 he entered the service of W. S. Bruere of Kirkby Hall, near Catterick, Yorkshire, and in the summer of 1827 sent a few specimens of his verse to Southey, who was then at Harrogate. The result was the publication, in 1831, of ‘Attempts in Verse by John Jones, an old Servant; with some account of the Writer written by himself, and an Introductory Essay on the Lives and Works of our uneducated Poets by Robert Southey,’ London, 8vo. Jones's verses also form the appendix to Southey's ‘Lives of Uneducated Poets,’ London, 1836, 12mo. Although Southey saw in the verses abundant proof of talent, his opinion of them was not high. Jones's volume was reviewed in the ‘Edinburgh Review,’ and is credited there with ‘the stamp of mediocrity.’
[Sketch of his own Life by Jones in the Attempts in Verse; Edinb. Rev. liv. 69–84; Allibone's Dict. of Engl. Lit.]
D. Ll. T.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.170 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 130 | i | 16 f.e. | Jones, John (fl. 1827): for Edwin read Elwin |
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, John Felix

James Felix Jones in the ODNB.
​JONES, JOHN FELIX (d. 1878), captain in the Indian navy and surveyor, was, as midshipman and lieutenant of the East India Company's ship Palinurus, under Commander Robert Moresby, engaged in the survey of the northern part of the Red Sea, 1829–34. The charts were principally drawn by Jones. He was next employed in the survey of Ceylon and the Gulf of Manaar, under Lieutenant Powell, and in May 1840 joined Lieutenant C. D. Campbell, commanding the Nitocris, in the survey of Mesopotamia, in the course of which he connected the Euphrates and Mediterranean by chronometric measurements for longitude. In October 1841 Captain Lynch commenced the survey of the Euphrates, and on his retirement in 1843 was succeeded by Jones, who continued for several years the examination of the Tigris and Euphrates. Consequent on the disputes between Persia and Turkey in 1843, Jones, in company with Major (now Sir Henry) Rawlinson, was sent in August 1844 to collect information respecting the boundary, the results obtained being officially printed in 1849, under the title ‘Narrative of a Journey through Parts of Persia and Kurdistan.’ In 1848 Jones examined the course of the ancient Nahrwan canal, and surveyed the once fertile region which it irrigated. In 1850 he surveyed the old bed of the Tigris, discovered the site of the ancient Opis, and made researches in the vicinity of the Median wall and Physcus of Xenophon (cf. Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography). In 1852 he made a trigonometrical survey of the country between the Tigris and the Upper Zab, including the ruins of Nineveh, the results of which are recorded in a series of maps of ‘Assyrian Vestiges,’ and the accompanying memoir. In 1853 he completed a map of Bagdad on a large scale, with a memoir on the province. In 1854 he was named political agent at Bagdad and consul-general in Turkish Arabia. In 1855 he was appointed political agent in the Persian Gulf, and in that capacity was able to render important services during the war in 1856, and still more during the mutiny of 1857–8. Broken health then compelled him to return to England, and, though he revisited Bombay in 1863, he had no further active employment. His later years were spent in geographical work for the India office, and in 1875 he completed a beautifully drawn map, in four sheets, of Western Asia, including the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates; it remains in manuscript in the India office. He was also a constant contributor to the ‘Geographical Magazine’ and an active fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. He died at Norwood on 3 Sept. 1878.
The most important of his numerous memoirs are included in ‘Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government,’ 1857, new ser. No. 43.
[Geogr. Mag. October 1878, v. 264; Dawson's Memoirs of Hydrography, ii. 88; Transactions of Bombay Geogr. Soc. xvii. 119.]
J. K. L.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Jones, John Edward

​JONES, JOHN EDWARD (1806–1862), sculptor, was born at Dublin in 1806, and trained there as a civil engineer, but, preferring sculpture as a profession, went to London to study and settled there. Though entirely self-taught, he had great success, and was employed by many of the most distinguished persons of the time. He exhibited largely at the Royal Academy from 1844 until his death. Among his sitters were the queen, the prince consort, Louis-Philippe, Napoleon III, the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Brougham, the Earl of Clarendon, Lord Palmerston, Daniel O'Connell, and Lord Gough. Jones excelled in busts, to which he generally limited himself. Among his few full-length statues is one of Sir R. Ferguson at Londonderry. He died while on a visit to Dublin 25 July 1862.
[Art Journal, 1862, p. 207; Gent. Mag. 1862, ii. 371; Royal Academy Catalogues.]
F. M. O'D.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Caunter, John Hobart

​CAUNTER, JOHN HOBART (1794–1851), miscellaneous writer, born at Dittisham, Devonshire, 21 July 1794, went to India as a cadet about 1809. He was soon disgusted with oriental life, and ‘having discovered, much to his disappointment, nothing on the continent of Asia to interest him,’ he returned home. He recorded his impressions of India in a poem entitled the ‘Cadet’ (2 vols. 1814). Caunter then studied at Cambridge for the ministry of the church of England. In 1828 he obtained the degree of B.D. ‘After he had entered holy orders he was for nineteen years the incumbent minister of St. Paul's Chapel, Foley Place, in the parish of Marylebone. In 1846 he took a lease of a proprietary chapel at Kennington. He held for a short time the rectory of Hailsham in Sussex, and was also chaplain to the late Earl of Thanet’ (Gent. Mag.) At the time of his death, which took place in London, 14 Nov. 1851, he was curate of Prittlewell, Essex. His wife and three young children survived him. Caunter's best known work is his ‘Romance of History,’ India, 3 vols. 1836 (republished in 1872), which formed part of a popular series. Under the form of stories it treats of the most remarkable incidents of the Mahommedan conquests in India. Caunter also wrote: ‘The Island Bride, in six cantos,’ 1830; ‘Sermons,’ 3 vols. 1832; ‘Familiar Lectures to Children,’ 1835; ‘St. Leon, a Drama, in three acts,’ 1835; ‘Posthumous Records of a London Clergyman,’ 1835; ‘Descriptions to Westall and Martin's Illustrations of the Bible,’ 1835; ‘The Fellow Commoner; a Novel,’ 3 vols. 1836; ‘The Poetry of the Pentateuch,’ 2 vols. 1839; ‘The Triumph of Evil; a Poem,’ 1845; ‘Illustrations of the Five Books of Moses,’ 2 vols. 1847; ‘An Inquiry into the History and Character of Rahab,’ 1850. Besides various sermons, theological notes, &c., Caunter was engaged in the production of ten ‘Oriental Annuals’ between 1830 and 1840.
[Gentleman's Mag. for 1852, xxxvii. 627–8; Times, 20 Nov. 1851; Graduati Cantabrigienses, p. 96 (Cambridge, 1884); Notes and Queries for 1870, 4th ser. vi. 274, 353, 445; Add. MSS. 24867, f. 41, Brit. Mus. Cat.]
F. W-t.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Causton, Thomas

​CAUSTON, THOMAS (d. 1569), musical composer, was a gentleman of the chapel royal under Edward VI, Mary, and Elizabeth. Nothing is known of his parentage, ​but it is possible that he is identical with a Thomas Causton who was living about the same date at Oxted in Surrey. This individual was the son of William Causton of Orpington, by Katherine Banister, and was married to Agnes Polley of Shoreham. Their son William (d. 1638) had a numerous family, who lived at Oxted until late in the seventeenth century. On 29 Oct. 1558 Mary wrote to the mayor and aldermen of London in favour of Thomas Causton, ‘one of the gentlemen of the chappell,’ requesting that he should be admitted into the freedom of the city. In 1560 he contributed some music to John Day's rare ‘Certain Notes, set forth in four and three parts, to be sung at the Morning, Communion, and Evening Prayer.’ The same publisher's ‘Whole Psalmes in Foure Partes’ (1563) also contains no less than twenty-seven compositions by Causton. A Venite and service by him have been reprinted in the ‘Ecclesiologist,’ and a fine Te Deum and Benedictus in score are preserved in the British Museum (Add. MS. 31226). As far as can be judged from these compositions, Causton was a composer in every respect worthy of the school of which Redford and Tallis are the great lights. He died on 28 Oct. 1569, and was succeeded at the Chapel Royal by Richard Farrant.
[Cheque Book of the Chapel Royal, ed. Rimbault, p. 2; Grove's Dict. of Music, i. 326; State Papers, Domestic Ser. Mary, 1558, Docq.; Add. MS. 16279, fol. 435; Registers of Oxted, communicated by the Rev. F. Parnell.]
W. B. S.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cave, John

​CAVE, JOHN (d. 1657), ejected clergyman, was born at Pickwell in Leicestershire, and was the third son of ‘John Cave, Esq., and Elizabeth Brudenell, wife.’ He ​was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he was for eight years chamber fellow with the famous Robert Sanderson. In 1629 he was presented to the rectory of his native parish, where he ‘attended to his ministerial cure with great diligence, and lived in great esteem and respect till the breaking out of the rebellion in 1642.’ A long and vivid account of his sufferings was given by his son, William Cave [q. v.], to Mr. Walker, who has inserted it in full in his ‘Sufferings of the Clergy’ (pt. ii. 220). He was dispossessed, and was at first entertained with his family by his old neighbours, ‘but was not suffered to continue there, nor to teach school there or elsewhere. Whereupon he took up his dwelling near Stamford, where not being suffered to abide long, he removed up to London; where, being broken with age and sufferings, and worn out with long and tedious winter journeys from committee to committee, he departed this life in November 1657.’
The only publication of Cave's extant is to be found in the ‘Lachrymæ Musarum,’ 1650. It is entitled ‘An Elegie upon the much lamented Death of the Lord Hastings, only Son and Heir of the Earl of Huntingdon, deceased at London, 1649. Sic flevit deditiss. familiæ ejusdem et humillimus servus, J. Cave.’
[Nichols's History and Antiquities of Leicestershire, vol. ii. pt. ii. pp. 773, &c.; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, pt. ii. 220.]
J. H. O.
# Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Cave, Stephen

1904 Errata appended.
​CAVE, Sir STEPHEN (1820–1880), politician, eldest son of Daniel Cave of Cleve Hill, near Bristol (d. 9 March 1872), by his marriage on 15 April 1820 with Frances, only daughter of Henry Locock, M.D., of London, was born at Clifton on 28 Dec. 1820, was educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. in 1843, and M.A. in 1846. Being called to the bar at the Inner Temple on 20 Nov. 1846, he commenced his career by going the western circuit. On 29 April 1859 he entered parliament in the conservative interest for Shoreham, and retained his seat for that constituency to 24 March 1880. He was sworn a member of the privy council on 10 July 1866, and served as a paymaster-general and vice-president of the board of trade from that date to December 1868; in 1866 he was appointed chief commissioner for negotiating a fishery convention in Paris. As judge-advocate and paymaster-general he acted from 52 Feb. 1874 to November 1875, and from that date to 24 March 1880 as paymaster-general only. In December 1875 he was sent on a special mission to Egypt, charged by Lord Beaconsfield to report on the financial condition of that country; he returned in March 1876, and was nominated a G.C.B. on 20 March 1880. He was a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, of the Zoological Society, and of other learned societies; chairman of the West India Committee, and a director of the Bank of England and of the London Dock Company. He died at Chambéry, Savoy, 6 June 1880. He married, on 7 Sept. 1852, Emma Jane, eldest daughter of the Rev. William Smyth of Elkington Hall, Lincolnshire. He wrote: 1. ‘A Few Words on the Encouragement given to Slavery and the Slave Trade by recent Measures, and chiefly by the Sugar Bill of 1846,’ 1849. 2. ‘Prevention and Reformation the Duty of the State or of Individuals? With some account of a Reformatory Institution,’ 1856. 3. ‘On the distinctive Principles of Punishment and Reformation,’ 1857. 4. ‘Papers relating to Free Labour and the Slave Trade,’ 1861.
[Law Times, 19 June 1880, p. 146; Graphic, with portrait, 11 Dec. 1875, pp. 574, 589; Illustrated London News, with portrait, 11 Dec. 1875, p. 501.]
G. C. B.
Dictionary of National Biography, Errata (1904), p.58 N.B.— f.e. stands for from end and l.l. for last line
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| 341 | ii | 3 | Cave, Sir Stephen: for April read March |