# Cecil Rhodes

Cecil John Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) was a British mining magnate and politician in southern Africa who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896. He and his British South Africa Company founded the southern African territory of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia), which the company named after him in 1895. In his last will, he provided for the establishment of the prestigious international Rhodes Scholarship at Oxford University, the oldest graduate scholarship in the world.

## Quotes

* Equal rights for all civilized men south of the Zambesi.
** Gordon Le Sueur, Cecil Rhodes the Man and His Work (1913: 2009), pg. 76
** Le Sueur states that Rhodes originally said, c. 1893: "Equal rights every white man south of the Zambesi", as reported in the press, and he later "clarified" it.
* The world is nearly all parcelled out, and what there is left of it is being divided up, conquered and colonised. To think of these stars that you see overhead at night, these vast worlds which we can never reach. I would annex the planets if I could; I often think of that. It makes me sad to see them so clear and yet so far.
** Quoted in The Last Will and Testament of Cecil John Rhodes (1902) by William T. Stead (a compilation of Rhodes' legal will and other biographical material)
* To and for the establishment, promotion and development of a Secret Society, the true aim and object whereof shall be for the extension of British rule throughout the world, the perfecting of a system of emigration from the United Kingdom, and of colonisation by British subjects of all lands where the means of livelihood are attainable by energy, labour and enterprise, and especially the occupation by British settlers of the entire Continent of Africa, the Holy Land, the Valley of the Euphrates, the Islands of Cyprus and Candia, the whole of South America, the Islands of the Pacific not heretofore possessed by Great Britain, the whole of the Malay Archipelago, the seaboard of China and Japan, the ultimate recovery of the United States of America as an integral part of the British Empire, the inauguration of a system of Colonial representation in the Imperial Parliament which may tend to weld together the disjointed members of the Empire and, finally, the foundation of so great a Power as to render wars impossible, and promote the best interests of humanity.
** 1877 will, quoted in Cecil Rhodes by John Flint
* In order to save the forty million inhabitants of the United Kingdom from a bloody civil war, our colonial statesmen must acquire new lands for settling the surplus population of this country, to provide new markets. ... The Empire, as I have always said, is a bread and butter question.
** Quoted in Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism.
** William Simpson; Martin Desmond Jones (2000). Europe, 1783-1914. p. 237. Routledge. Retrieved on 2009-06-13.
* I contend that we are the first race in the world, and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race. ... If there be a God, I think that what he would like me to do is paint as much of the map of Africa British Red as possible.
** The Story of Africa. BBC World Service. Retrieved on 2009-06-13.
* You are an Englishman, and have subsequently drawn the greatest prize in the lottery of life.
** said by Rhodes to Lord Grey. Michell, Lewis (1910). The Life and Times of the Right Honourable Cecil John Rhodes 1853-1902, Volume 2. New York and London: Mitchell Kennerly. p. 178.
** Often quoted in variant forms such as "To be born English is to win first prize in the lottery of life".
* The native is to be treated as a child and denied franchise. We must adopt a system of despotism, such as works in India, in our relations with the barbarism of South Africa.
** Magubane, Bernard M. (1996). The Making of a Racist State: British Imperialism and the Union of South Africa, 1875–1910. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press. ISBN 978-0865432413.

## Attributed

* Pure philanthropy is very well in its way but philanthropy plus five percent is a good deal better.
** Attributed by J. C. Johari, Voices of Indian Freedom Movement (1993), Anmol Publications, ISBN 9788171582259, p. 207

## Disputed

* We must find new lands from which we can easily obtain raw materials and at the same time exploit the cheap slave labor that is available from the natives of the colonies. The colonies would also provide a dumping ground for the surplus goods produced in our factories.
** Wong, Melody. Teaching a “Racist and Outdated Text”: A Journey into my own Heart of Darkness. Western Washington University. Retrieved on 2008-09-20.
** Britten, Sarah (2006). The Art of the South African Insult. 30° South Publishers. pp. 167. ISBN 9781920143053.

## Quotes about Cecil Rhodes

* When Cecil Rhodes sent in his agents to rob and steal in Zimbabwe, they and other Europeans marveled at the surviving ruins of the Zimbabwe culture, and automatically assumed that it had been built by white people. Even today there is still a tendency to consider the achievements with a sense of wonder rather than with the calm acceptance that it was a perfectly logical outgrowth of human social development within Africa, as part of the universal process by which man’s labor opened up new horizons. The sense of reality can only be restored by making it clear that the architecture rested on a foundation of advanced agriculture and mining, which had come into existence over centuries of evolution.
** Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (1972), p. 65
* I admire him, I frankly confess it; and when his time comes I shall buy a piece of the rope for a keepsake.
** Mark Twain, Following the Equator (1897), end of chapter LXIX (The Most Imposing Man in British Provinces).
* There are two roads to progress: Railroads and Cecil Rhodes.
** Michael Wood, Great Railway Journeys (1979), beginning of Zambezi Express of Great Railway Journeys.

## External links

* Encyclopedic article on Cecil Rhodes on Wikipedia
* Media related to Cecil Rhodes on Wikimedia Commons
* Works related to Author:Cecil John Rhodes on Wikisource