OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Élisée Reclus

[[File:Élisée Reclus, by Nadar, retouched.jpg|thumb|{{w|Élisée Reclus (circa 1900)]]
Jacques Élisée Reclus (15 March 1830 – 4 July 1905) was a French geographer, writer and anarchist. He produced his 19-volume masterwork, La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes ("Universal Geography"), over a period of nearly 20 years (1875–1894). In 1892 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Paris Geographical Society for this work, despite his having been banished from France because of his political activism.

## Quotes

* It is in no way a digression to mention the horrors of war in connection with massacres of cattle and carnivorous banquets. People's diet corresponds closely to their morality. Blood calls for blood. In this connection, if one considers the various people he has known, there will be no doubt that in general, the agreeable manners, kindness of disposition, and equanimity of the vegetarians contrasts markedly with the qualities of the inveterate meat-eaters and avid drinkers of blood.
** On Vegetarianism (1901), in Anarchy, Geography, Modernity: The Radical Social Thought of Elisée Reclus, edited by John P. Clark and Camille Martin (Lexington Books, 2004), p. 174.
# Édouard Fritch

Winfred Édouard Tereori Fritch (born 4 January 1952) is a French Polynesian politician. He currently serves as the 6th President of French Polynesia since 12 September 2014 and Mayor of Pirae since 28 March 2014.

## Quotes

* We were not exemplary and I am infinitely sorry (for playing guitar at a wedding ceremony in defiance of existing COVID-19 lockdown rules).
** Édouard Fritch (2021) cited in: "French overseas territories hit hard by the Delta variant" in France 24, 11 August 2021.
# Sidonius Apollinaris

St. Gaius Sollius (Modestus) Apollinaris Sidonius, Bishop of Clermont-Ferrand (c. 430 – 489) was a Gallo-Roman poet and letter-writer, who organised the last defence of Roman Auvergne against the invading Visigoths.

## Sourced

The English translations used here come from W. B. Anderson's edition of the Poems and Letters (London: Heinemann, 1936-65), to which the page-references also refer.

### Epistularum

* Nam qui maxume doctus sibi videtur, dictionem sanam et insanam ferme appetitu pari revolvit, non amplius concupiscens erecta quae laudet quam despecta quae rideat. atque in hunc modum scientia pompa proprietas linguae Latinae iudiciis otiosorum maximo spretui est, quorum scurrilitati neglegentia comes hoc volens tantum legere, quod carpat, sic non utitur litteris, quod abutitur.
** For the man who considers himself the best critic generally studies sound and unsound composition with equal interest, being no more greedy for lofty utterances to praise than for contemptible ones to ridicule. In this way technique, grandeur, and propriety in the use of the Latin language are particularly underrated by the armchair critics, who, with an insensibility which goes hand in hand with scurrility, and wishing to read only what they may criticize, cannot, by their very abuse of literature, be making a proper use of it.
** Lib. 3, Ep. 14, sect. 2; vol. 2, p. 59.
* Hi sunt, quos timent etiam qui timentur.
** These are the men whom even they fear who are themselves feared.
** Lib. 5, Ep. 7, sect. 1; vol. 2, p. 187.
* O neccessitas abiecta nascendi, vivendi misera dura moriendi.
** How dismal the necessity of birth! how miserable the necessity of living! how hard the necessity of death!
** Lib. 8, Ep. 11, sect. 4; vol. 2, p. 463.

### Carmina

* Mors obruit illos, non timor; invicti perstant animoque supersunt jam prope post animam.
** Death may overwhelm them, but not fear; unconquerable they stand their ground, and their courage well-nigh outlives their lives.
** Carmen 5, line 251; vol. 1 p. 83.
* Quid me, etsi valeam, parare carmen Fescenninicolae iubes Diones inter crinigeras situm catervas et Germanica verba sustinentem, laudantem tetrico subinde vultu quod Burgundio cantat esculentus infundens acido comam butyro?
** Why – even supposing I had the skill – do you bid me compose a song dedicated to Venus the lover of Fescennine mirth, placed as I am among long-haired hordes, having to endure German speech, praising oft with wry face the song of the gluttonous Burgundian who spreads rancid butter on his hair?
** Carmen 12, line 1; vol. 1, p. 213.
* Ex hoc barbaricis abacta plectris spernit senipedem stilum Thalia, ex quo septipedes videt patronos.
** Driven away by barbarian thrumming the Muse has spurned the six-footed exercise ever since she beheld these patrons seven feet high.
** Carmen 12, line 9; vol. 1, p. 213.

## External links

* Complete text of the Epistularum in Latin.
* Text of "Poems and letters" with an English translation by W. B. Anderson
# Siegbert Tarrasch

Siegbert Tarrasch (March 5, 1862 – February 17, 1934) was a leading chess player.

## Quotes

* Chess, like love, like music, has the power to make men happy.
** The Game of Chess (1931), Preface
* Chess is a form of intellectual productiveness, therein lies, its peculiar charm. Intellectual productiveness is one of the greatest joys -if not the greatest one- of human existence. It is not everyone who can write a play, or build a bridge, or even make a good joke. But in chess everyone can, everyone must, be intellectually productive and so can share in this select delight. I have always a slight feeling of pity for the man who has no knowledge of chess, just as I would pity for the man who has no knowledge of love. Chess, like love, like music, has the power to make men happy.
** The Game of Chess (As quoted by Fred Reinfeld in Tarrasch's Best Games of Chess)
* The rooks belong behind passed pawns, behind their own in order to support their advance, behind the enemy's in order to impede their advance.
** Tarrasch, St Petersburg 1914: International Chess Tournament, translated by Dr Robert Maxham, Caissa Editions, Yorklyn, DE, 1993, ISBN:0-939433-17-6—comment on ***Frank James Marshall vs Emanuel Lasker, St. Petersburg (1914), rd 3, Apr-24, p. 83, emphasis in original.
* Mistrust is the most necessary characteristic of the Chess player.
** The Game of Chess (1931), Pt. 2 : The End Game, p. 79
* To acquire a reputation of being a dashing player at the cost of losing a game.
** Response to a question as to What was the object of playing a gambit opening, as quoted in The Treasury of Chess Lore (1959) by Fred Reinfeld
* He who fears an isolated Queen's Pawn should give up Chess.
** As quoted in The Most Instructive Games of Chess Ever Played : 62 Masterpieces of Chess Strategy (1965) by Irving Chernev, Game 18 : The Isolated Pawn, p. 81
* Before the endgame, the Gods have placed the middle game.
** As quoted in Cunning Exiles : Studies of Modern Prose Writers (1974), by Don Anderson and Stephen Thomas Knight, p. 41
* Many have become Chess Masters, no one has become the Master of Chess.
** As quoted in Chess and Computers (1976) by David N. L. Levy, p. 40
* In tournaments it is not enough to be a connoisseur of chess; one must also play well.
** As quoted in "The Bright Side of Chess" (1952) by Irving Chernev, p. 107
* Up to this point White has been following well-known analysis, but now he makes a fatal error - he begins to use his own head.
** Concerning a World Chess Championship match, as quoted by William Ewart Napier in "The Bright Side of Chess" (1952) by Irving Chernev, p. 114

## Misattributed

* The beauty of a move lies not in its appearance but in the thought behind it.
** Aron Nimzowitsch, as quoted in Nimzovich : The Hypermodern (1948) by Fred Reinfeld

## Quotes about Tarrasch

* From Anderssen I learned the art of making combinations; from Tarrasch I learned how advantageously to avoid making them.
** Rudolf Spielmann, as quoted in "The Bright Side of Chess" (1952) by Irving Chernev, p. 107
# Siege of Siwana

In 1308, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji captured the Siwana fort located in present-day Rajasthan, India.

## Quotes

* ‘What to say of those sinners (Turks) and their deeds! They killed cow and placing a machine (yantra) over the pile of bags, they flung the dead cow into the waters of the pond.'*" At dawn, when young women went to the pond to fill their pitchers, they found that the water, always clean and clear, looked ruddy,'? and head of a cow was floating above the surface of the water. The water being polluted, no one even brushed his teeth near the pond or washed his face, nor the Panihd@rins filled their pitchers.'*? Soon people flocked to the pond to have alook and were deeply pained on seeing the sorry sight. Water is after all the mainstay of this universe, the maintainer of all life.“ Even the high and mighty Ranas and Rais cannot live without it even for a moment. So thought Satala and then sent forhis queens. When they had arrived, he asked them as to what they might do now?'*5 The queens replied: "Our Lord ! What is there to be thought now? "We all shall enter the Jauhar (Jamahari) fire! The Hindus regard cow as sacred, and its blood is in the water of the pond.' There is no hope left now for continuance of this life; we will not like to survive on this water in any case."
** Padmanābha, ., & Bhatnagar, V. S. (1991). Kānhaḍade prabandha: India's greatest patriotic saga of medieval times : Padmanābha's epic account of Kānhaḍade. New Delhi: Voice of India.
** 43-45
* The queens deeply thought over the situation and then sent a letter to Kanhadade. They wrote:'*” "The glorious kingdom of the Chauhans is all the more dearer to us today (when men here will fight to the last and we will enter the Jauhar fire).'“* By the time the letter reaches you, we will have performed Jauhar." And to the queens of Kanhadade-Umade, Kamalade, Jaitalde and Bhavala Devi'4°— Satala's queens wrote, dearly and touchingly: "What has befallen us today, you may perhaps also experience tomorrow, if such is the wish of God. Kindly continue your affection for us though time has come to take leave in this life. Bid us adieu till we meet again in the next life!"'” After this they delayed not. They dressed for the occasion, bedecking themselves with omaments and fineries. Large quantities of sandalwood were brought. Then their family members gathered to meet them for the final parting.' Such was the courage of the queens that they calmly entered the Jauhar fire, reciting the name of Lord Rama, while hot tears trickled down from the eyes of their most near and dear ones.
** Padmanābha, ., & Bhatnagar, V. S. (1991). Kānhaḍade prabandha: India's greatest patriotic saga of medieval times : Padmanābha's epic account of Kānhaḍade. New Delhi: Voice of India.
** 43-45
# Siege of Dwarasamudra

In late 1310, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji sent his general Malik Kafur on an expedition to the southernmost regions of India. In February 1311, Malik Kafur besieged the Hoysala capital Dwarasamudra, and the defending ruler Veera Ballala III surrendered without much resistance. Ballala agreed to pay the Delhi Sultanate an annual tribute, and surrendered a great amount of wealth, elephants and horses.

## Quotes

* Invasion of Dvarasamudra. — On Sunday, the 22nd of Ramzan, Malik Kafur held a council of war. Apparently as a result of a resolution he took with him a select body of cavalry, and appeared before the fort of Dhur Samundar on the fifth of Shawwal ' after a difficult march of twelve days over hills and valleys and thorny forests.' Seeing the destructive character of the invasion, the ruler Vira Ballala III having ascertained the strength of the Muhammadan army sent agents to propose peace, though Vira Pandya had despatched an army to assist him. Malik Kafur is stated to have sent the reply ' that he was sent with the object of converting him to Muhammadanism, or of making him zimmi (one who could enjoy the same political privileges as the Muhammadans on payment of Jiziya) and subject to pay tax, or of slaying him, if neither of these terms were assented to.' The Rai agreed to surrender all his property ' except his sacred thread ' and on Friday the sixth of Shawwal, six elephants were sent accompanied by three plenipotentiaries. The next day some horses followed and on the Sunday following he is himself said to have paid a visit to the Commander-in-Chief and surrendered all his treasures, having spent a whole night in taking them out. Malik Kafur remained twelve days in that city, which, according to Amir Khusru, is four months distant from Delhi, to which he sent the captured elephants.
** in 1311 CE. campaign against Hoysala ruler, Vira Ballala III (1291-1342 ce) of Dwarasamudra.
** Krishnaswami Aiyangar Sakkottai. 1921. South India and Her Muhammadan Invaders by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar. Oxford: University Press. 93
# Uwamahoro Antoinnette

Antoinette Uwamaharo (born 25 December 1975 in Kigali) One of the most popular actresses in Rwanda, Uwamahoro is best known for the role 'intare Y'ingore','siperansiya' in TV series, Seburikoko. Apart from acting, she is also a film and video producer and She is married.

# Quotes

* yes of course! the people think that i am a bad woman. i think that is like to do a job and you accept all effect you can meet in it(Yego cyane! (barantinya bakanyikanga) ibyo ngibyo ni nko kujya mu murimo ukamenya ko ugomba kwirengera ingaruka zishobora kuzamo).
* the people fiar to act in shape of bad character because of popularity (Bahise bantinya kubera ko buri wese atinya gukina ibibi).
* i am different from those bad behavior (Ibyo bibi siko njyewe ndi).
* to be a good actor you must put aside your behavior so that you imitate the character the gave you in film and every one who will see that film will be convised (Ubundi gukina filime ni ukuva muri wowe ukajya mu cyo baguhaye ko ugomba gukina, neza ugakina character (imico) y’uriya muntu (Intare y’Ingore, Umubyeyi Gito…) buri wese akabona ko ari byo kandi atari byo).
** inyarwanda(6 July 2018)
# Uwanyirigira M. Chantal

UWANYIRIGIRA M. Chantal is a Rwandan women in politics, she is a mayor of Burera district and she has a bachelor's degree in education

## Quotes

* because of insurgence time i attended too many schools in my education. (Amashuri y'isumbuye nayize mu bigo byinshi kubera igihe cy’umutekano muke)
** https://www.kigalitoday.com/politiki/amakuru/article/amateka-ya-uwanyirigira-utarigeze-atekereza-ko-yaba-meya
# Uwem Akpan

Uwem Akpan (born May 19, 1971) is a Nigerian writer.

## Quotes

* I’m fascinated with the process of creating a character and the freedom of the creative process. I’m discovering as well, learning myself. Since I only realized I had the gift ten years ago, I felt I needed to develop this. I also like fiction because it is not doctrinaire. It is exploratory and you are invited to come and see, just like Jesus first invited would-be disciples to ‘come and see’. What you do after seeing is left to you.
** On choosing fiction to communicate about heavy topics in “Uwem Akpan: Interview” in Granta (2008 Nov 14)
* For me, research is very important. But I do not begin with research. I begin with writing the story, which for me is the relationship between the characters. It is after I have written or pretty much have a sense of the story that I go and do research. I am conscious that I am writing about poor people for the most part. They don’t have much other than their space or dirt. I want to do my best to represent that well. I am also conscious that I am writing about other countries. I want to make sure I understand those cultures as best as possible and represent them well…
** On the secondary nature of historical research in his writing process in “Uwem Akpan: Interview” in Granta (2008 Nov 14)
* The rhythm of life here is different from that of Nigeria. I really liked the efficiency and accessibility of things here, the educational opportunities. And I was touched by the beauty and tolerance it has taken to fashion America. But, for instance, the thing about old people staying in "homes" away from home blew my mind. As did how little Americans know or want to know about life elsewhere…
** On the differences between living in Nigeria and the United States in “Uwem Akpan” in Book Browse
* My continent is in distress and has been since the beginning of slavery. Leadership is a big problem. My hope is that things will change in Africa. Europe fought endlessly with itself in past centuries; now they have a European Union, not just in name, like the African Union. I hope that someday all the stupid wars on the African continent will end. I am amazed at the endurance of people, whether in Asia or Latin America or Africa, caught up in harsh situations.
** On his hopes for Africa in “Uwem Akpan” in Book Browse
# Uyghurs

The Uyghurs (also spelled Uighur; Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر;) are an ethnic group of Central Asia. They are one of China's 56 officially recognized ethnicities.

## Quotes

* Uyghurs are the best among Turks. Their language is called Hakaniye Turkchesi (King's Turkish).
** Kashgarli Mehmud, Divanü Lügat-it-Türk (The Dictionary of Turkic Languages), 1072.
* Turfan (Turpan) is without doubt a forgotten Asian city of extraordinary interest. The size of it is remarkable: the inner, holy city, consisting only of temples and palace, measures 7,400 feet at the widest point of the still extant walls. Hundreds of terraced temples and grandiose vaulted edifices cover an extensive area of lane.
** "Along the Ancient Silk Routes" show, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 3 - June 20, 1982
* The Uyghur language and script contributed to the enrichment of civilizations of the other peoples in Central Asia. Compared to the Europeans of that time, the Uyghurs were far more advanced. Documents discovered in Uyghur Region prove that an Uyghur farmer could write down a contract, using legal terminology. How many European farmers could have done that at that period? This shows the extent of Uygur civilization of that time.
** Shuyl Unver, Medicine in Uyghurs, Istanbul, 1936. pp. 4-6.
* In Middle Ages, the Chinese poetry, literature, theater, music and painting were greatly influenced by the Uyghurs.
** Wolfram Eberhard, History of China, Istanbul, 1947, p. 116.
* The Uyghurs knew how to print books centuries before Guetenberg invented his press.
** Lazlo Rasonyi, Turkic in History, Ankara, 1971, pp. 105, 107.
* Russian scholar Pantusov writes that the Uyghurs manufactured their own musical instruments; they had 62 different kinds of musical instruments and in every Uyghur home there used to be an instrument called a "dutar".
** Brief History of Uyghur Literature, Almaty, 1983, p. 7.
* It is just that their thinking has been infected by unhealthy thoughts. Freedom is only possible when this ‘virus’ in their thinking is eradicated and they are in good health.
** The Xinjiang Papers, Directive’s Question-and-Answer Guide, The New York Times (16 Nov 2019)
* Like the waters of the Tarim we began in this place and we will finish here We came from nowhere else and we will not leave for anywhere If God made humanity God made us for this place If man evolved from apes we evolved from the apes of this place
** Perhat Tursun, "The Tarim River"

### 2024

* "Home" means different things to young Uyghurs – some of whom may have not even visited their ancestral homeland in China’s far western Xinjiang region. That was the theme of the latest annual art competition for Uyghur artists and others held by the Uyghur Collective, a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based youth group that has organized the annual event since 2019.
** Nuriman Abdureshid, "Spirit of Uyghurs is celebrated in paintings of ‘Home’", Radio Free Asia (February 11, 2024)

## See also

* Persecution of Uyghurs in China
* Uyghur language
* Uyghur proverbs

## External links

* The dictionary definition of Uyghur on Wiktionary
# Uttu

Uttu is an ancient Sumerian goddess associated with weaving. The same cuneiform symbol used to write her name was also used to write the Sumerian word for "spider", indicating that Uttu was probably envisioned as a spider spinning a web.

## Quotes about Uttu

* All the yarns of Uttu, the splendour of kingship, belong to me.
** Lahar, in Debate between Sheep and Grain (mid to late 3rd millennium BCE).
# Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand, officially the State of Uttarakhand (Uttarākhaṇḍ Rājya), formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state in the northern part of India. Uttarakhand is known for the natural environment of the Himalayas, the Bhabhar and the Terai. On 9 November 2000, Uttarakhand became the 27th state of the Republic of India, being created from the Himalayan and adjoining northwestern districts of Uttar Pradesh. It borders Tibet to the north; the Mahakali Zone of the Far-Western Region, Nepal to the east; and the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the south and Himachal Pradesh to the west and north-west as well as Haryana on its south-western corner.

## Quotes

* Any attempt to fashion a form of belonging that is appropriate for Uttarakhand is hampered by the old rivalry between Kumaon and Garhwal, the two former Hindu kingdoms that together constitute nearly all of the new state. From an anthropological point of view, the differences between Garhwalis and Kumaonis are minimal: their languages, religions, caste structures, and kinship systems are more similar to each other than to anyone else, and yet despite this shared ethnicity—or more likely because of it—the old rivalry between them is difficult to eradicate.
** Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka; Gerard Toffin (5 May 2011). The Politics of Belonging in the Himalayas: Local Attachments and Boundary Dynamics. SAGE Publications. p. 173. ISBN 978-81-321-0772-9.