# Washington Irving

Washington Irving (3 April 1783 – 28 November 1859) was an American short story writer, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat of the early 19th century.

## Quotes

* I endeavor to take things as they come with cheerfulness, and when I cannot get a dinner to suit my taste, I endeavor to get a taste to suit my dinner.
** Letter to William Irving, Jr., about his positive attitude acquired while traveling in Europe.
* Whenever a man's friends begin to compliment him about looking young, he may be sure that they think he is growing old.
** Bracebridge Hall. Bachelors (1822)
* I am always at a loss to know how much to believe of my own stories.
** Tales of a Traveler, To the Reader (1824)
* There is a certain relief in change, even though it be from bad to worse! As I have often found in travelling in a stagecoach, that it is often a comfort to shift one’s position, and be bruised in a new place.
** Tales of a Traveler (1824), Preface, p. 7
* The almighty dollar, that great object of universal devotion throughout our land, seems to have no genuine devotees in these peculiar villages; and unless some of its missionaries penetrate there, and erect banking houses and other pious shrines, there is no knowing how long the inhabitants may remain in their present state of contented poverty.
** The Creole Village published in The Knickerbocker magazine (November 1836). This is origin of the expression almighty dollar. See Edward Bulwer-Lytton for "the pursuit of the almighty dollar". Compare: "Whilst that for which all virtue now is sold, And almost every vice,—almighty gold", Ben Jonson, Epistle to Elizabeth, Countess of Rutland
* Free-livers on a small scale, who are prodigal within the compass of a guinea.
** The Stout Gentleman
* There is an eloquence in true enthusiasm that is not to be doubted.
** "The Adventure Of The German Student"

### Knickerbocker's History of New York (1809)

* How convenient it would be to many of our great men and great families of doubtful origin, could they have the privilege of the heroes of yore, who, whenever their origin was involved in obscurity, modestly announced themselves descended from a god.
** Book II, ch. 3
* Who ever hears of fat men heading a riot, or herding together in turbulent mobs? — No — no, ‘tis your lean, hungry men who are continually worrying society, and setting the whole community by the ears.
** Book III, ch. 2 This derives from a statement by William Shakespeare in the play Julius Caesar where Caesar declares:
       Let me have men about me that are fat; Sleek-headed men, and such as sleep o' nights. Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look; He thinks too much: such men are dangerous.
* His wife "ruled the roost," and in governing the governor, governed the province, which might thus be said to be under petticoat government.
** Book IV, ch. 4
* They claim to be the first inventors of those recondite beverages, cocktail, stonefence, and sherry cobbler.
** Book IV, ch. 241

### The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon (1819–1820)

* My native country was full of youthful promise; Europe was rich in the accumulated treasures of age.
** "The Author's Account of Himself"
* There is in every true woman's heart a spark of heavenly fire, which lies dormant in the broad daylight of prosperity; but which kindles up, and beams, and blazes in the dark hour of adversity.
** "The Wife"
* Those men are most apt to be obsequious and conciliating abroad, who are under the discipline of shrews at home.
** "Rip Van Winkle"
* A tart temper never mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener with constant use.
** "Rip Van Winkle"
* That happy age when a man can be idle with impunity.
** "Rip Van Winkle"
* There is a healthful hardiness about real dignity, that never dreads contact and communion with others, however humble. It is only spurious pride that is morbid and sensitive, and shrinks from every touch.
** "The Country Church"
* We feel that we are surrounded by the congregated bones of the great men of past times, who have filled history with their deeds, and the earth with their renown. And yet it almost provokes a smile at the vanity of human ambition to see how they are crowded together and jostled in the dust; what parsimony is observed in doling out a scanty nook, a gloomy corner, a little portion of earth, to those whom, when alive, kingdoms could not satisfy, and how many shapes and forms and artifices are devised to catch the casual notice of the passenger, and save from forgetfulness for a few short years a name which once aspired to occupy ages of the world's thought and admiration.
** "Westminster Abbey"
* Other men are known to posterity only through the medium of history, which is continually growing faint and obscure; but the intercourse between the author and his fellow-men is ever new, active, and immediate.
** "Westminster Abbey"
* Two small aisles on each side of this chapel present a touching instance of the equality of the grave; which brings down the oppressor to a level with the oppressed, and mingles the dust of the bitterest enemies together.
** "Westminster Abbey"
* Thus man passes away; his name perishes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.
** "Westminster Abbey"
* Luxury spreads its ample board before their eyes; but they are excluded from the banquet. Plenty revels over the fields; but they are starving in the midst of its abundance: the whole wilderness has blossomed into a garden; but they feel as reptiles that infest it.
** "Traits of Indian Character"
* Little minds are tamed and subdued by misfortune; but great minds rise above it.
** "Philip of Pokanoket : An Indian Memoir"
** A more extensive statement not found as such in this work is attributed to Irving in Elbert Hubbard's Scrap Book (1923) edited by Roycroft Shop:
       Great minds have purposes, others have wishes. Little minds are tamed and subdued by misfortune; but great minds rise above them.
      * The first part of this statement is quoted without attribution as early as 1897, and is widely attributed to Irving separately as well as in this joined form, but in research for Wikiquote, no original source has yet been found.
* A woman's whole life is a history of the affections. The heart is her world: it is there her ambition strives for empire; it is there her avarice seeks for hidden treasures. She sends forth her sympathies on adventure; she embarks her whole soul on the traffic of affection; and if shipwrecked, her case is hopeless — for it is a bankruptcy of the heart.
** "The Broken Heart"
* Language gradually varies, and with it fade away the writings of authors who have flourished their allotted time; otherwise, the creative powers of genius would overstock the world, and the mind would be completely bewildered in the endless mazes of literature. Formerly there were some restraints on this excessive multiplication. Works had to be transcribed by hand, which was a slow and laborious operation; they were written either on parchment, which was expensive, so that one work was often erased to make way for another; or on papyrus, which was fragile and extremely perishable. Authorship was a limited and unprofitable craft, pursued chiefly by monks in the leisure and solitude of their cloisters. The accumulation of manuscripts was slow and costly, and confined almost entirely to monasteries. To these circumstances it may, in some measure, be owing that we have not been inundated by the intellect of antiquity; that the fountains of thought have not been broken up, and modern genius drowned in the deluge. But the inventions of paper and the press have put an end to all these restraints. They have made everyone a writer, and enabled every mind to pour itself into print, and diffuse itself over the whole intellectual world. The consequences are alarming. The stream of literature has swollen into a torrent — augmented into a river — expanded into a sea.
** "The Mutabilities of Literature"
* There rise authors now and then, who seem proof against the mutability of language, because they have rooted themselves in the unchanging principles of human nature. They are like gigantic trees that we sometimes see on the banks of a stream; which, by their vast and deep roots, penetrating through the mere surface, and laying hold on the very foundations of the earth, preserve the soil around them from being swept away by the ever-flowing current, and hold up many a neighboring plant, and perhaps worthless weed, to perpetuity.
** "The Mutabilities of Literature"
* The great British Library — an immense collection of volumes of all ages and languages, many of which are now forgotten, and most of which are seldom read: one of these sequestered pools of obsolete literature to which modern authors repair, and draw buckets full of classic lore, or “pure English, undefiled” wherewith to swell their own scanty rills of thought.
** "The Art of Book-Making"
* His [the author's] renown has been purchased, not by deeds of violence and blood, but by the diligent dispensation of pleasure.
** "The Westminster Abbey [The Poets' Corner]"
* The sorrow for the dead is the only sorrow from which we refuse to be divorced. Every other wound we seek to heal — every other affliction to forget: but this wound we consider it a duty to keep open — this affliction we cherish and brood over in solitude.
** "Rural Funerals"
* They who drink beer will think beer.
** "Stratford-on-Avon"
* From the listless repose of the place and the peculiar character of its inhabitants, who are descendants from the original Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, and its rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. A drowsy, dreamy influence seems to hang over the land and to pervade the very atmosphere.
** "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"
* The dominant spirit, however, that haunts this enchanted region, and seems to be commander-in-chief of all the powers of the air, is the apparition of a figure on horseback without a head. It is said by some to be the ghost of a Hessian trooper whose head had been carried away by a cannonball in some nameless battle during the Revolutionary War, and who is ever and anon seen by the country-folk hurrying along in the gloom of night as if on the wings of the wind.
** "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"
* "If I can but reach that bridge," thought Ichabod, "I am safe." Just then he heard the black steed panting and blowing close behind him; he even fancied that he felt his hot breath. Another convulsive kick in the ribs, and old Gunpowder sprang upon the bridge; he thundered over the resounding planks; he gained the opposite side; and now Ichabod cast a look behind to see if his pursuer should vanish, according to rule, in a flash of fire and brimstone. Just then he saw the goblin rising in his stirrups, and in the very act of hurling his head at him. Ichabod endeavored to dodge the horrible missile, but too late. It encountered his cranium with a tremendous crash; he was tumbled headlong into the dust, and Gunpowder, the black steed, and the goblin rider passed by like a whirlwind.
** "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"

### Mahomet and his successors (1849)

* In his private dealings he was just. He treated friends and strangers, the rich and poor, the powerful and weak, with equity, and was beloved by the common people for the affability with which he received them, and listened to their complaints.[...]
** Mahomet and his successors, George P. Putnam, 1850, p. 330
* Many of the visions and revelations handed down as having been given by him are spurious. The miracles ascribed to him are all fabrications of Moslem zealots. He expressly and repeatedly disclaimed all miracles excepting the Koran ; which, considering its incomparable merit, and the way in which it had come down to him from heaven, he pronounced the greatest of miracles. And here we must indulge a few observations on this famous document. While zealous Moslems and some of the most learned doctors of the faith draw proofs of its divine origin from the inimitable excellence of its style and composition, and the avowed illiteracy of Mahomet, less devout critics have pronounced it a chaos of beauties and defects; without method or arrangement; full of obscurities, incoherencies, repetitions, false versions of scriptural stories, and direct contradictions. The truth is that the Koran as it now exists is not the same Koran delivered by Mahomet to his disciples, but has undergone many corruptions and interpolations.
** Mahomet and his successors, George P. Putnam, 1850, p. 330-331
* His military triumphs awakened no pride nor vain glory, as they would have done had they been effected for selfish purposes. In the time of his greatest power he maintained the same simplicity of manners and appearance as in the days of his adversity. So far from affecting a regal state, he was displeased if, on entering a room, any unusual testimonials of respect were shown to him. If he aimed at a universal dominion, it was the dominion of faith; as to the temporal rule which grew up in his hands, as he used it without ostentation, so he took no step to perpetuate it in his family
** Mahomet and his successors, George P. Putnam, 1850, p. 339

## Disputed

* Love is never lost. If not reciprocated, it will flow back and soften and purify the heart.
** Attributed to Irving as early as 1883. Manly, Angie Stewart (1883). Hit and miss : a story of real life. Chicago: J.L. Regan. pp. i. However, it does not seem to appear in Irving's known works. Other citations from the same year leave the quotation unattributed. Clubb, Henry S. (ed.) (1883). The Peacemaker and Court of Arbitration, Volume 1. Philadelphia: Universal Peace Union. pp. 125. The Australian Women's Magazine and Domestic Journal, Vol. 2 No. 2 (May 1883). Melbourne. 1883. pp. 435. . A similar passage is found in a pseudonymous novel published two years earlier in 1881: "Julia knew that sacrifices to patience are not in vain. Although they often do not produce the happiness for which they are made, they will, always, flow back and soften and purify the heart of the one who makes them". M.L.A., Miss (1881). Illma, Or, Which was Wife?. New York: Cornwell & Johnson. pp. 239.

## External links

** Works by Washington Irving at Project Gutenberg
* Washington Irving in Birmingham, England
** Excerpt from White on Red
** "The Adventure of the German Student"
** "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" online
* Washington Irving on IMDb
* ↑ Washington Irving to William Irving Jr., September 20, 1804, Works 23:90.