# Shiva

Shiva (சிவபெருமான்: Tamil, (/ˈʃiːvə/; Sanskrit: Śiva, meaning "The Auspicious One"), also known as Mahadeva ("Great God"), is a popular Hindu deity, regarded as one of the primary forms of God. He is considered the Supreme God in Shaivism, one of the five primary forms of God in the Smarta traditions, and grouped in the Trimurti, with Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, he is designated "the Destroyer" or "the Transformer". Shiva is represented in a variety of forms: in a pacific mood with his consort Parvati and son Skanda, as the cosmic dancer (Nataraja), as a naked ascetic, as a mendicant beggar, as a yogi, and as the androgynous union of Shiva and his consort in one body, half-male and half-female (Ardhanarishvara).
    CONTENT : A - F , G - L , M - R , S - Z , See also , External links

## Quotes

    Quotes are arranged alphabetically by author

### A - F

* (Shiva) Thou art pure; thou art the Creator of Brahman; thou art Brahma; thou art a brahmacari; thou art an observer of vows; thou art devoted to ascetic austerities; thou art infinite; thou art the refuge of all ascetics; thou art multiform; thou art the leader of diverse tribes of ghostly beings;...
** Ashvatthama, The Mahabharata (Sauptika Parva), K.M.Ganguly trans.
* In Silappadikaram, eleven dances are referred to, which were danced by divinities like Shiva, Tirumal (Vishnu), Muruga, Kama, Kali, Tirumagal (Lakshmi) and Indrani. They depict the destruction of various demons and symbolize the triumph of good over evil. This is evidence enough that dance was a divine art whose theme was the destruction of evil and the purification of the spirit.
** In T. Balasaraswati on Bharatanatya in: T Balasaraswati On Bharatanatyam, Carnatica.net
* The introduction of the Shiva as the central deity to the form, a god who incinerates impurity introduced to Bharata Natyam, a modality quite outside that of devadasi dance, a dance preoccupied with cataloguing the infinite shadings of feeling in love.
** Bharatiya Vidhya Bhavan records quoted in: Hae-kyung Um Diasporas and Interculturalism in Asian Performing Arts: Translating Traditions, Routledge, 21 July 2014 , p. 97
* The first and ultimate principle of the Universe is a feminine power, Shakti, whose personified form is Beauty and whose essential nature is consciousness and bliss. It exists eternally associated with the male principle, Shiva, who plays a secondary role. The “Srichakra” is the diagrammatic representation of their union.
** N Balasubramanyam interpreting Adi Shankara’s Soundarya Lahari, in Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature:, sasay to zorgot, 1992, p. 3877
* At the time of Ganesha's 'birth', Shiva was away from the family home. On returning, and finding an unknown young man standing guard outside the bathroom of his wife, he naturally challenged him. Ganesha was equally unknowing of his father, and the two came to blows. The result was never in doubt, for Shiva is the greatest of the Gods, and the father killed his own son, by cutting off his (human) head. When Parvati found out what had happened and explained the circumstances to Shiva, the god undertook to restore Ganesha to life. This he did by ordering by one of his retinue to bring the head of the first he met. This was an elephant, and thus Ganesha was returned to life with an elephant’s head. Further, as compensation for the loss of his human head, Ganesha was entrusted by Shiva with the leadership of the members of his rowdy and dwarfish retinue (the ganas). Ganesha’s name means no more than ‘Lord of the Gana’. In recognition of his courage in the defense of his mother’s chamber, Ganesha is given custody over all doorways.
** T. Richard Burton in: Hindu Art, Harvard University Press, 1993, p. 105.
* The geography of the Himalayas is such that all its passes lead one to the region of Kailash and Manasarovar, Western Tibet, the place of the heavenly abode of Lord Shiva, has been known to the Hindus and their ancestors since thousands of years.
** Pradeep Chamariya in: Kailash Manasarovar on the Rugged Road to Revelation, Abhinav Publications, 4 January 2014, p. 23.
* Linga Purana, listed eleven in the order of composition, enunciates many rituals in the text with legends and stories that date back to a hoary period. It gives details of Shiva Puja and has two parts – the first part is said to be ‘Poorva Bhaga’ and the other ‘Uttara Bhaga'. It has 180 chapters in the first part and 55 in the second. The language of the Purana is difficult.
** B.K. Chaturvedi, in Linga Purana, Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.p.7 (Preface)
* The image of Shiva as Nataraj is indelibly stitched into the Indian imagination. How many various dances of Shiva are known to His worshippers. I cannot say. No doubt the root idea behind all of these dances is more or less one and the same, the manifestation of primal rhythmic energy. Whatever the origins of Shiva's dance, it became in time the clearest image of the activity of God which any art or religion can boast of.
** Ananda Coomaraswamy in Nataraja. SSCNET, UCLA. Retrieved on 11 January 2014.
* In Vishnu Purana, in the final dissolution Vishnu assumes the form of Rudra, the destructive persona of Shiva, and proceed to set the world ablaze. The seven main rays of the Sun which are mentioned in this myth are, according to Hindu Astronomy in this myth the most important among its thousands. These seven are all identified by name and supply heat and light to the moon, stars and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. The blaze is followed by a flood and then a period of quiescence and regeneration.
** A. L. Dallapiccola in: Hindu Myths, University of Texas Press, 2003, p. 52
* The worship of Shiva is one of the oldest, most profound and most terrible elements in Hinduism. Sir John Marshall reports “unmistakable evidence” of the cult of Shiva at Mohenjo-daro, partly in the form of a three-headed Shiva, partly in the form of little stone columns which he presumes to be as phallic as their modern counterparts. “Shivaism,” he concludes, “is therefore the most ancient living faith in the world.”... Never has another people dared to face the impermanence of forms, and the impartiality of nature, so frankly, or to recognize so clearly that evil balances good, that destruction goes step by step with creation, and that all birth is a capital crime, punishable with death.
** Will Durant, Our Oriental Heritage : India and Her Neighbors.
* The faithful of Shiva or Dionysus seek contact with those forces which...lead to a refusal of the politics, ambitions and limitations of ordinary social life. This does not involve simply a recognition of world harmony, but also an active participation in an experience which surpasses and upsets the order of material life.
** Alain Daniélou, in Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus
* When the two boys [Ganesha and Skanda] were of marriageable age, Shiva and Parvati did not know which of the children to marry off first. So they proposed a competition: We shall celebrate the marriage of the one who first returns after having gone round the world. The clever Ganesha walked around his parents and said to them “You are the Universe”. He was considered the winner and his wedding was celebrated with Siddhi (Success) and Buddhi (Intelligence), the two daughters of the Lord of the World - Visharupa.
** Alain Daniélou in: "Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus" Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus, 1992, P.96.
* Shiva is by no means a non-Vedic god, and Indra never really disappeared from popular Hinduism but lives on under another name.
** Koenraad Elst, Update on the Aryan Invasion Debate (1999)

### G - L

* All the multiverses are trying to merge, to create a true universe such as we have only imagined previously. Maybe it will be spiritual, like Zen or telepathy, or maybe it will be physical, one great big gang-fuck, but it has to happen: the creation of a universe and the one great eye opening to see itself at last. Aum Shiva! — Oh, man, you're stoned out of your gourd. You're writing gibberish.
** Illuminatus! (1975) by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson
* O Mother Ganga, may your water, abundant blessing of the world, treasure of Lord Shiva, playful lord of all earth, essence of the scriptures and embodied goodness of the gods, May your water, sublime wine of immortality, soothe our troubled souls.
** Jagannatha in "Ganga Lahiri" quoted by Eck in the essay “Ganga: The Goddess Ganges in the Hindu sacred geography”, Devī: Goddesses of India, Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 1 January 1998, p. 137
* ...if we study the Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, we find that though He taught the truths contained in the Upanishads, He illustrated these principles to us by methods that are Tantric in origin and content. His worship of and devotion to Mother Kali, Sri Krishna, Mother Sita, Lord Chaitanya, Lord Shiva, and others, reveal His wonderful Tantric nature and point to the many ways of practicing the Vedic truths.
** Babaji Bob Kindler in: Articles, SRV Associations, 16 December 2013
* Through these transcendent categories, Śiva, the ultimate reality, becomes the efficient and material cause of all that exists.
** Stella Kramrisch in: The Presence of Siva, Princeton University Press, 1994, p. 184
* Most of the puranas are highly sectarian as is the Shiva Purana, which is one of the longer and larger puranas. It gives an exhaustive account Shiva’s mythic deeds – many of which have become the common mythic currency for many traditional Hindus – as well as instructions for how, where, and when Shiva is to be worshipped.
** James G. Lochtefeld, in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z (2002),The Rosen Publishing Group, 2002 p. 637
* He comes from Kilas, earth and sky, Bright before the deity; The sun shines, as he shone when first His glory over ocean burst. The vales put forth a thousand flowers, Mingling the spring and summer hours; The Suras fill with songs the air. The Genii and their lutes are there; By gladness stirred, the mighty sea Flings up its waves rejoicingly; And Music wanders o'er its tide, For Siva comes to meet his bride.
** Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832 (1831) 'Skeleton Group in the Ramedwur, Caves of Ellora. Supposed to represent the nuptials of Siva and Parvati.'

### M - R

* According to some accounts, the Ganga split into seven streams as she emerged from the hair of Shiva, three flowing to the east, three to the west, and the Bhagirathi to the south. This tradition recalls the seven rivers of the Vedic hymns and reminds us that the Ganga in essence waters the whole earth. Indeed, when Bhagiratha brought the Ganga to earth, her waters not only restored the ashes of the dead but also replenished the ocean, which had been swallowed by the sage Agastya.
** Mahabharata, in John Stratton Hawley, Donna Marie Wulff Devī: Goddesses of India, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1 January 1998, p. 145
* Shiva might perhaps best be described as a transformer who moves humanity and the universe forward in the evolution of consciousness.
** Malhotra, R., & Infinity Foundation (Princeton, N.J.). (2018). Being different: An Indian challenge to western universalism.
* God creates the world as Brahma, sustains it as Vishnu, and destroys it as Shiva. One day, Shiva started to sing. Vishnu was so moved by the melody that he began to melt. Brahma caught the molten Vishnu in a pot. This was poured on earth. it took the form of the river Ganga. The Ganga nourished the earth. to bathe in the Ganga’s waters is to bathe in God.
** Ganga Mahatmya in: Devdutt Pattanaik Myth = Mithya(2008), Penguin Books India, 2008, p. 6
* Vishnu and Siva as integral components of the Triad, while continuing to be a subject of theological speculation, however in their subsequent sectarian avatars began to absorb countless local cults and deities within their folds. The latter were either taken to represent the multiple facets of the same god or else were supposed to denote different forms and appellations by which the god came to be known and worshipped.... Siva became identified with countless local cults by the sheer suffixing of Isa or Isvara to the name of the local deity, e.g., Bhutesvara, Hatakesvara, Chandesvara.
** Vijay Nath in: Proceedings - Indian History Congress, Part 1, Indian History Congress, 2001, p. 38
* ...Purusha was personified as Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva while Prakriti was personified as Saraswati, Lakshmi and Shakti.
** Devdutt Pattanaik, in 'Myth = Mithya : A Handbook of Hindu Mythology, p. 39
* Shiva and Shakti are the two names given to the monistic Absolute (Paramasiva) when it is being considered in its dual aspects of eternal and transcendent changelessness (Shiva), and the ever-changing and immanent manifestation of universal appearances (Shakti).
** Balajinnatha Pandita, in Specific Principles of Kashmir Shaivism (3rd edition, 2008), p. 18
* According to the deep yogic experience of the sages of this philosophy, there is no difference between Shiva tattva and Shakti tattva. They are both actually one with Paramasiva. They are considered to be two tattvas only for the convenience of philosophical thinking and as a way of clarifying the two aspects of the one absolute reality, Paramasiva. These two aspects are Shiva, the transcendental unity, and Shakti, the universal diversity. The changeless, absolute and pure consciousness is Shiva, while the natural tendency of Shiva towards the outward manifestation of the five divine activities is Shakti. So, even though Shiva is Shakti, and Shakti is Shiva, and even though both are merely aspects of the same reality called Paramasiva, still, these concepts of Shiva-hood and Shakti-hood are counted as the first two tattvas. These two tattvas are at the plane of absolute purity and perfect unity.
** Balajinnatha Pandita, in Specific Principles of Kashmir Shaivism (3rd edition, 2008), p. 79
* There is a deeper symbolism. The black image of Kali is standing on the white image of Lord Shiva. Shiva is Brahman and Kali is Brahman’s energy, Shakti. Brahman is passive while Shakti – Kali –is active. The images so stand that Shiva looks at Kali and Kali at Shiva. This symbolizes the fact that every action, big or small, of destruction or creation, performed by Kali at the instance of Shiva. Kali, as it were, is the working organ of Shiva. Shiva and Kali, Brahman and Shakti, the source and energy, are essential one.
** Dushyanta Pandya (2008), in Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa, Readworthy, 2008, p. 34
* She, the Ganga, is my supreme image, having the form of water, the very essence of Shiva’s soul, She is nature (Prakriti) supreme and the basis of countless universe. For the protection of the world, I playfully uphold the Ganga. Who is mother of the world, the supreme Brahman’s embodiment.
** Skandapurana, Devī: Goddesses of India, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1 January 1998, p. 148
* The word shava, means corpse. What is this word? Why is it called shava? It is missing something, it is missing shakti. Shiva without shakti, become shava.
** Swami Rama, in OM the Eternal Witness: Secrets of the Mandukya Upanishad, 25 September 2007, p. 186
* I am Shakti, as well as Shiva. I am everything male and female, light and dark, flesh and spirit. Perfectly balanced in one single moment lasting an eternity...
** Robin Rumi, in Naked Morsels : Short Stories of Spiritual Erotica (2014)

### S - Z

* Perform Vishnu smaranam in Shiva temples and Shiva smaranam in Vishnu temples. Without fail, all those who have gathered here today remember these. The world is full of troubles.
** Sri Sri Ganapathi Sachchidananda in: Maha Shivarathri message following Agni Puja, dattapeetham.com, 17 February 1996
* The most elegant and sublime of these is a representation of the creation of the universe at the beginning of each cosmic cycle, a motif known as the cosmic dance of Lord Shiva. The god, called in this manifestation Nataraja, the Dance King. In the upper right hand is a drum whose sound is the sound of creation. In the upper left hand is a tongue of flame, a reminder that the universe, now newly created, with billions of years from now will be utterly destroyed.
** Carl Sagan, in his book Cosmos quoted in: Kamlesh Kapur Hindu Dharma-A Teaching Guide, Xlibris Corporation, 19 September 2013, p. 311
* One should know all things of the phenomenal world as of a fivefold character, for the reason that the eternal verity of Śiva is of the character of the five-fold Brahman.
** Pañcabrahma Upanishad quoted in : Stella Kramrisch The Presence of Siva, Princeton University Press, 1994, p. 182
* It is in love that religion exists and not in ceremony, in the pure and sincere love in the heart. Unless a man is pure in body and mind, his coming into a temple and worshipping Shiva is useless. The prayers of those that are pure in mind and body will be answered by Shiva, and those that are impure and yet try to teach religion to others will fail in the end. External worship is only a symbol of internal worship; but internal worship and purity are the real things. Without them, external worship would be of no avail. Therefore you must all try to remember this. People have become so degraded in this Kali Yuga that they think they can do anything, and then they can go to a holy place, and their sins will be forgiven. If a man goes with an impure mind into a temple, he adds to the sins that he had already, and goes home a worse man than when he left it.
** Swami Vivekananda, in " Address at the Rameswaram Temple on Real Worship", in The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol. 3
* This is the gist of all worship — to be pure and to do good to others. He who sees Shiva in the poor, in the weak, and in the diseased, really worships Shiva; and if he sees Shiva only in the image, his worship is but preliminary. He who has served and helped one poor man seeing Shiva in him, without thinking of his caste, or creed, or race, or anything, with him Shiva is more pleased than with the man who sees Him only in temples.
** Swami Vivekananda, in "Address at the Rameswaram Temple on Real Worship", in The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol. 3
* A rich man had a garden and two gardeners. One of these gardeners was very lazy and did not work; but when the owner came to the garden, the lazy man would get up and fold his arms and say, "How beautiful is the face of my master", and dance before him. The other gardener would not talk much, but would work hard, and produce all sorts of fruits and vegetables which he would carry on his head to his master who lived a long way off. Of these two gardeners, which would be the more beloved of his master? Shiva is that master, and this world is His garden, and there are two sorts of gardeners here; the one who is lazy, hypocritical, and does nothing, only talking about Shiva's beautiful eyes and nose and other features; and the other, who is taking care of Shiva's children, all those that are poor and weak, all animals, and all His creation. Which of these would be the more beloved of Shiva? Certainly he that serves His children. He who wants to serve the father must serve the children first. He who wants to serve Shiva must serve His children — must serve all creatures in this world first. It is said in the Shâstra that those who serve the servants of God are His greatest servants. So you will bear this in mind.
** Swami Vivekananda, in "Address at the Rameswaram Temple on Real Worship", in The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol. 3
* Let me tell you again that you must be pure and help any one who comes to you, as much as lies in your power. And this is good Karma. By the power of this, the heart becomes pure (Chitta-shuddhi), and then Shiva who is residing in every one will become manifest. He is always in the heart of every one. If there is dirt and dust on a mirror, we cannot see our image. So ignorance and wickedness are the dirt and dust that are on the mirror of our hearts. Selfishness is the chief sin, thinking of ourselves first. He who thinks, "I will eat first, I will have more money than others, and I will possess everything", he who thinks, "I will get to heaven before others I will get Mukti before others" is the selfish man. The unselfish man says, "I will be last, I do not care to go to heaven, I will even go to hell if by doing so I can help my brothers." This unselfishness is the test of religion. He who has more of this unselfishness is more spiritual and nearer to Shiva. Whether he is learned or ignorant, he is nearer to Shiva than anybody else, whether he knows it or not. And if a man is selfish, even though he has visited all the temples, seen all the places of pilgrimage, and painted himself like a leopard, he is still further off from Shiva.
** Swami Vivekananda, in "Address at the Rameswaram Temple on Real Worship", in The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol. 3
* Linga Purana is where Maheshwara [Shiva], present in the Agni Linga, explained {the objects of life) virtue, wealth, pleasure, and final liberation at the end of the Agni Kalpa, and this Purana, consists of eleven thousand stanzas. It is said to have been originally composed by Brahma and the primitive Linga is a pillar of radiance, in which Maheswara is present.
** Horace H. Wilson, in Works:¬Vol. ¬6 : ¬The Vishṅu Purāṅa: a system of Hindu mythology ..., Volume 6 (1864), Trübner, 1864, p. LXVii-LXViii
* So, as the Council of Trent declared, the Catholic Church, rich with the experiences of ages and clothed with their splendor, has introduced mystic benediction (mantra), incense (dhupa), water (achamana), lights (dipa), bells (ghanta), flowers (w:Pushpanjalipushpa),vestments and all the magnificence of ceremonies in order to excite the spirit of religion to the contemplation of the profound mysteries which they reveal. As are its faithful, the Church is composed of both body (deha) and soul (atma). It renders to the Lord (ishvara) [Shiva] a double worship, external (bahyapuja) and interior (manaspuja), the latter being the prayer (vandana) of the faithful.
** Sir John Woodrooffe drew striking similarity of the ritual elements of the two systems – the catholic and Sanskrit terms and made it a virtue rather than of ridicule as had been brought by earlier scholars, the early Orientalist of the West in: Hugh B. Urban Tantra: Sex, Secrecy, Politics and Power in the Study of Religion, Motilal Banarsidass Publisher, 1 January 2007, p. 143

### Lord of the Dance (1963)

    Inspired by a sense of the Inner Light of All, as evoked by reverence of Jesus as Christ and Shiva as Nataraja, the Quaker poet Sydney Carter wrote these original lyrics to accompany the Shaker tune of "Simple Gifts" by Joseph Brackett.
* I danced in the morning When the world was begun, And I danced in the moon And the stars and the sun, And I came down from heaven And I danced on the earth, At Bethlehem I had my birth.
* Dance, then, wherever you may be, I am the Lord of the Dance, said he, And I'll lead you all, wherever you may be, And I'll lead you all in the Dance, said he.
* I danced on the Sabbath And I cured the lame; The holy people Said it was a shame. They whipped and they stripped And they hung me on high, And they left me there On a Cross to die.
* They buried my body And they thought I'd gone, But I am the Dance, And I still go on.
* They cut me down And I leapt up high; I am the life That'll never, never die; I'll live in you If you'll live in me — I am the Lord Of the Dance, said he.
* The optimistic lines "I danced in the morning when the world begun and I danced in the moon and the stars and the sun" also contain a hint of paganism which, mixed with Christianity, makes it attractive to those of ambiguous religious beliefs or none at all. Carter himself genially admitted that he had been partly inspired by the statue of Shiva which sat on his desk; and, whenever he was asked to resolve the contradiction, he would declare that he had never tried to do so. However, he admitted to being as astonished as anyone by its success. "I did not think the churches would like it at all. I thought many people would find it pretty far flown, probably heretical and anyway dubiously Christian. But in fact people did sing it and, unknown to me, it touched a chord.
** Obituary for Sydney Carter, with mention of his inspiration by both Jesus Christ and Shiva, for his song "Lord of the Dance" in The Daily Telegraph (16 March 2004)

## External links

* "Lectures on Saiva" (Oxford Center for Hindu Studies)
* "Shiva Legends in Sacred Tradition of Indian Tribes" by Kailash Kr. Mishra (Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts)
* "Shiva Status" (Lord of shiva)
* Shiva (Encyclopedia Britannica}