OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# COVID-19 recession

The COVID-19 recession is a severe and global recession. An economic consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the first major sign of the recession was the 2020 stock market crash on 20 February.

## Quotes

* Capitalists preach "the market" for the working class – stand on your own two feet, don't rely on the government – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in subsidies and tax concessions the fossil fuel companies, huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments in Australia. The vehicle manufacturers raked in hundreds of millions a year from the Australian government for decades until deciding it wasn't enough and went overseas. This is why big companies and industry groups hire armies of former politicians to lobby on their behalf in the offices of premiers and prime ministers – there's money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about "the market" setting wages for workers, in reality, they don't really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of state repression, the industrial tribunals, the police, the courts to suppress workers' rights to organise to pursue their demands. But when a crisis hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the collapse of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the stock market plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing government intervention to save their skins.
** Tom Bramble, "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis", Red Flag (21 March 2020)

## See also

* SARS-CoV-2
* Depression (economics)
* Coronavirus disease 2019
# SARS-CoV-2

    See also: COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), colloquially known as the coronavirus and previously known by the provisional name 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. It causes the respiratory illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

## Quotes

* We were preparing for something like this as it's not a matter of if, it is a matter of when.
** Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, WHO's technical lead on Covid-19 talking about the transfer of viruses from animals to humans; quoted in Victoria Gill, "Coronavirus: A hunt for the 'missing link' host species", BBC (4 May 2020)

## See also

* COVID-19 vaccine
* Disease X
# Disease X

Disease X is a placeholder name that was adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2018 on their shortlist of blueprint priority diseases to represent a hypothetical, unknown pathogen that could cause a future epidemic.

## Quotes

* The scale of the plague is surprising, indeed shocking, but not its appearance. Nor the fact that the U.S. has the worst record in responding to the crisis. Scientists have been warning of a pandemic for years, insistently so since the SARS epidemic of 2003, also caused by a coronavirus, for which vaccines were developed but did not proceed beyond the pre-clinical level. That was the time to begin to put in place rapid-response systems in preparation for an outbreak and to set aside spare capacity that would be needed. Initiatives could also have been undertaken to develop defenses and modes of treatment for a likely recurrence with a related virus. But scientific understanding is not enough. There has to be someone to pick up the ball and run with it. That option was barred by the pathology of the contemporary socioeconomic order. Market signals were clear: There’s no profit in preventing a future catastrophe.
** Noam Chomsky in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, "Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism", Truthout (April 1, 2020)

## See also

* Zoonosis

## External links

* Authority control: WorldCat search
# Ignazio Silone

Ignazio Silone (pseudonym of Secondino Tranquilli; 1 May 1900 – 22 August 1978) was an Italian author and politician.

## Quotes

* Fascism was a counter-revolution against a revolution that never took place.
** The School for Dictators (1938)
* What struck me most about the Russian Communists, even in such really exceptional personalities as Lenin and Trotsky, was their utter incapacity to be fair in discussing opinions that conflicted with their own. The adversary, simply for daring to contradict, at once became a traitor, an opportunist, a hireling. An adversary in good faith is inconceivable to the Russian Communists. What an aberration of conscience this is, for so-called materialists and rationalists absolutely in their polemics to uphold the primacy of morals over intelligence! To find a comparable infatuation one has to go back to the Inquisition.
** From Richard Crossman (ed.) The God That Failed (1949, 1963 reprint). New York, NY: Harper & Row. p. 108.
* "Political regimes come and go, but bad habits endure." (alt trans = 'remain')
** "The Choice of Comrades", Dissent (Winter 1955).

## About Silone

* This reminded me of what Ignazio Silone said in 1945 soon after he returned to Italy from his Zurich exile: "The Fascism of tomorrow will never say 'I am Fascism.' It will say: 'I am anti-Fascism.'"
** François Bondy, "European Notebook", Encounter, vol. 47 (1976), p. 51.
** Variant: When I met him in Geneva on the day of his scheduled return home after the long exile in Switzerland, Silone said abruptly: "If at a future moment fascism will return, it will not be so stupid as to say: 'I am fascism.' It will say: 'I am antifascism.'"
*** "Ignazio Silone: In Memoriam", The Washington Quarterly, vol. 2, issue 2 (1979).
# Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic

Medical materials and other goods shortages caused by the COVID-19 pandemic quickly became a major issue of the pandemic.

## Quotes

* The scale of the plague is surprising, indeed shocking, but not its appearance. Nor the fact that the U.S. has the worst record in responding to the crisis. [...] Market signals were clear: There’s no profit in preventing a future catastrophe. [...] The government could have stepped in, but that’s barred by reigning doctrine: "Government is the problem," Reagan told us with his sunny smile, meaning that decision-making has to be handed over even more fully to the business world, which is devoted to private profit and is free from influence by those who might be concerned with the common good. The years that followed injected a dose of neoliberal brutality to the unconstrained capitalist order and the twisted form of markets it constructs. The depth of the pathology is revealed clearly by one of the most dramatic — and murderous — failures: the lack of ventilators that is one the major bottlenecks in confronting the pandemic.
** Noam Chomsky in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, "Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism", Truthout (April 1, 2020)

## See also

* Coronavirus recession
* COVID-19 pandemic deaths
* Disease X
* Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic
* Hydroxychloroquine
* Management of COVID-19
* Travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic
# Travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries and regions have imposed quarantines, entry bans, or other restrictions for citizens of or recent travelers to the most affected areas. Other countries and regions have imposed global restrictions that apply to all foreign countries and territories, or prevent their own citizens from travelling overseas.

## Quotes

* From the early days of the Trump administration, Stephen Miller, the president’s chief adviser on immigration, has repeatedly tried to use an obscure law designed to protect the nation from diseases overseas as a way to tighten the borders. The question was, which disease? Mr. Miller pushed for invoking the president’s broad public health powers in 2019, when an outbreak of mumps spread through immigration detention facilities in six states. He tried again that year when Border Patrol stations were hit with the flu. When vast caravans of migrants surged toward the border in 2018, Mr. Miller looked for evidence that they carried illnesses. He asked for updates on American communities that received migrants to see if new disease was spreading there. In 2018, dozens of migrants became seriously ill in federal custody, and two under the age of 10 died within three weeks of each other. While many viewed the incidents as resulting from negligence on the part of the border authorities, Mr. Miller instead argued that they supported his argument that President Trump should use his public health powers to justify sealing the borders. On some occasions, Mr. Miller and the president, who also embraced these ideas, were talked down by cabinet secretaries and lawyers who argued that the public health situation at the time did not provide sufficient legal basis for such a proclamation. That changed with the arrival of the coronavirus pandemic.
** Caitlin Dickerson; Michael D. Shear, “Before Covid-19, Trump Aide Sought to Use Disease to Close Borders”, New York Times (May 3, 2020)

## See also

* Coronavirus recession
* COVID-19 pandemic deaths
* COVID-19 vaccine
* Disease X
* Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic
* Hydroxychloroquine
* Management of COVID-19
* Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic
# Immune system

The Immune system is a network of biological processes that protects an organism from diseases.

## Quotes

* No doctor has ever healed anyone of anything in the history of the world. The human immune system heals and that's the only thing that heals.
** Bob Wright, "The 'Dark Black Sucking Hole' of Cancer Research Funding", Interview with Ty Bollinger, thetruthaboutcancer.com (13 September 2016)

## See also

* Exercise
* Health
* Holism
* Nutrition
* Organic food
* Sunbathing
* Social determinants of health
* Veganism
* Vegetarianism
# Race and appearance of Jesus

The race and appearance of Jesus, widely accepted by researchers to be a Judean from Galilee, has been a topic of discussion since the days of early Christianity.

## Quotes

* The honorable Elijah Muhammed teaches us that Jesus did not have blond hair and blue eyes. The honorable Elijah Muhammed teaches us that the images of Jesus that are on prison walls and churches throughout the world are not historically correct because history teaches us that Jesus was born in a region where the people had color.
** Malcolm X, as interpreted by Denzel Washington, in Malcolm X (1992) screenplay by James Baldwin, Arnold Perl and Spike Lee
* The vision of Christ that thou dost see... is my vision's greatest enemy.
** Nobody, as interpreted by Gary Farmer in Dead Man (1995), written by Jim Jarmusch

## See also

* Jesus
* Historical Jesus
# Donny Gluckstein

Donny Gluckstein (born 1954) is a British historian at Edinburgh College.

## Quotes

* The scale of the movement was impressive, with over 120 committees established nationwide. The Leipzieg Antifa claimed 150,000 adherents. Many of these organisations broke through entrenched social barriers to include foreign slave labourers and establish working class unity across political parties and trade unions. Their functions ranged from creating local democracy, to restoring basic services like food supply. [...] The fact that so many committees adopted similar names and policies poses the question of whether there was a centralised organisation at work. Communists were prominent in nearly every Antifa despite the opposition of Moscow. Walter Ulbricht, the KPD leader, criticised the 'spontaneous creation of KPD bureaus, people's committees, and Free Germany committees', but he could do little as the KPD central apparatus had no communication link with the rank and file. Once communications were restored he could report: 'We have shut these [Antifas] down and told the comrades that all activities must be channelled through the state apparatus.' The Western Allies were equally disconcerted by the Antifas self-proclaimed 'ruthless struggle against all remnants of Hitler's party in the state apparatus, the local authorities and public life'. The US authorities expelled the Leipzig committee from its offices, ordered the removal of all leaflets and posters from the streets, and then banned it. Any further use of the name 'Free Germany National Committee' would be punished severely. The military government stopped Solingen's workplace councils purging Nazi activists and then abolished them. Brunswick's Nazis had been arrested by the Antifa, but were liberated by Allied command. When Frankfurt Antifa housed people made homeless by bombing in apartments abandoned by fleeing Nazis, the authorities evicted them.
** A People's History of the Second World War: Resistance Versus Empire. Pluto Press. 2012. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-7453-2803-4.

## External links

* Donny Gluckstein at the Marxist Internet Archive
* Articles for Socialist Review.
* Profile at Haymarket Books
* Interview with Donny Gluckstein from 2012 at New Left Project.
* Authority control: WorldCat search
# Bonobo

The bonobo (Pan paniscus), also historically called the pygmy chimpanzee (less commonly the dwarf chimpanzee or gracile chimpanzee), is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan; the other being the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).

## Quotes

* Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (P. paniscus) are our closest living relatives, with the human lineage diverging from the Pan lineage only around five to seven Mya, but possibly as early as eight Mya. Chimpanzees and bonobos even share genetic similarities with humans that they do not share with each other. Given their close genetic relationship to humans, both Pan species represent crucial living models for reconstructing our last common ancestor (LCA) and identifying uniquely human features. Comparing the similarities and differences of the two Pan is thus essential for constructing balanced models of human evolution.
** Thibaud Gruber; Zanna Clay, "A Comparison Between Bonobos and Chimpanzees: A Review and Update", Evolutionary Anthropology, vol. 25, no. 5 (September 2016), pp. 239-252

## See also

* Chimpanzee
# Horatio Bottomley

Horatio William Bottomley (23 March 1860 – 26 May 1933) was an English journalist, newspaper proprietor, financier, Member of Parliament, and fraudster. His political career was ended by a five-year prison term.

## Quotes

* Well, damn it all, it's only sixpence, I know, but I suppose he has to begin somewhere.
** Robert Graves & Alan Hodge The Long Week-end (London, 1940), ch. 5, p. 67.
** Of one of his office-boys who had been caught stealing a small postal order.
* I have not had your advantages, gentlemen. What poor education I have received has been gained in the University of Life.
** Speaking at the Oxford Union, December 2, 1920; quoted in Beverley Nichols 25: Being a Young Man's Candid Recollections of his Elders and Betters (London, 1926), ch. 7, p. 69.
** Sometimes said to have been the first usage of this now ubiquitous cliché, though in fact the phrase university of life had been in use for many years. Some early instances:
*** "The disciplined minds that go from [their university's] walls will be its jewels…It will worthily introduce them to the University of Life." ~ The New Englander and Yale Review (February 1853), p. 70.
*** "The late Professor Greenleaf…who, not born to affluence, and not bred up to scholarly studies, achieved an honorable scholarship in the university of life". ~ Cornelius Conway Felton An Address Delivered before the Association of the Alumni of Harvard College, July 20, 1854 (Cambridge, Mass., 1854), p. 7.
*** "But God be thanked…for the university of life where we may acquire, at the same time that we put in practice, the rules which are to fit us for, and conduct us through the eternities." Elizabeth D. Livermore Zoë (Cincinnati, 1855), p. 14.
*** "When our men go into the great university of life…there are few, indeed, who have practical reason to regret that so many years were spent in the severe but salutary discipline imposed by the University of Dublin." ~ The Dublin University Magazine (April 1858), p. 419.
* No, reaping.
** S. Theodore Felstead Horatio Bottomley: A Biography of an Outstanding Personality (London, 1936), ch. 1.
** To a prison visitor who, finding him stitching mailbags, asked "Sewing, Bottomley?"

## Quotes about Bottomley

* Bottomley...was a genial rascal and took the line that people who were fools enough to be duped by his swindles deserved all they got.
** Robert Graves & Alan Hodge The Long Week-end (London, 1940), ch. 5, p. 73.
* Since war is a vulgar business it was right that the leading unofficial recruiter should have been the greatest vulgarian of the day. Horatio Bottomley, editor of John Bull, was sufficiently moved by the spirit of 1914 to inform his friends that he was making a complete break with his 'sordid past'. His ambition was to be Director of Recruiting, preferably with a seat in the Cabinet, but he was tactfully assured by Asquith that he would be more use to the country in an unofficial capacity. The public who cheered the patriotic speeches of the People's Tribune were unaware of the high fees he received for delivering them (between £50 and £100 a meeting, sometimes more).
** E. S. Turner, Dear Old Blighty (London 1980), p. 70.
# Lesser of two evils principle

The lesser of two evils principle (or lesser evil principle) is the principle that when faced with selecting from two immoral options, the one which is least immoral should be chosen.

## Quotes

* If you are confronted with two evils, thus the argument runs, it is your duty to opt for the lesser one, whereas it is irresponsible to refuse to choose altogether. Those who denounce the moral fallacy of this argument are usually accused of a germ-proof moralism which is alien to political circumstances, of being unwilling to dirty their hands. … The weakness of the argument has always been that those who choose the lesser evil forget very quickly that they chose evil.
** Hannah Arendt, "Personal Responsibility Under Dictatorship," in Responsibility and Judgment (2003)
* A man is an angel that has become deranged, Joe Fernwright thought. Once they – all of them – had been genuine angels, and at that time they had had a choice between good and evil, so it was easy, easy being an angel. And then something happened. Something went wrong or broke down or failed. And they had become faced with the necessity of choosing not good or evil but the lesser of two evils, and so that had unhinged them and now each was a man.
** Philip K. Dick, in Galactic Pot-Healer (1969)

## See also

* Trolley problem
# Nolly Camingue Buco

Nolly Camingue Buco (27 November 1963) is a Filipino prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the bishop of the Diocese of Catarman.

## Quotes

* Who am I to have this miracle of the priesthood? Who am I to become a bishop? Yet, when I see you here, I am now convinced, I am a bishop.
** New bishop’s reflection: ‘Mary guided me’ (21 September 2018) CBCP News
# Van Darkholme

Van Darkholme (born October 24, 1972) is a Vietnamese-American performance artist and film director, as well as a photographer. Darkholme is among the few Asian American men working in Western gay porn as a director and actor.

## Quotes

* There's a fine line between sex sound and taking a dump.
** Source: Van Darkholme TDNコスギ
* My name is Van. I'm 30 years old and I'm from Japan. I'm an artist. I'm a performance artist. I'm hired for people to fulfill their fantasies. Their deep, dark fantasies. I was gonna be a movie star, with modelling and acting. After a hundred or two auditions and small parts, I decided I had enough. Then I got into escort work. The client requested a lot of fetishes. So I just decided to go full master and change my entire house into a dungeon, dungeon master, with a full dungeon in my house, and its gone really well. Fisting is 300 bucks. Usually the guy is pretty much high on popper, to really get relaxed, and I have this long latex glove that goes all the way up to my armpit. Then I put on a surgical latex glove up to my wrist. Just lube it up. It's a long process to get your whole arm up there. But its an intense feeling for the other person, I think for myself too. You go to places that even though it's physical with your hand, for some reason it's also more emotional. It's more psychological too. We both reach the same place, it's really strange at the same time. And I found with a session like that it's really exhausting.
** Source: Van Darkholme Interview
* Fucking slaves, get your ass back here!
** Source: House of Detention
* It's bondage gay website. It's all male and it's a little bit for everybody. You know, we're gonna bring in experienced players in SM and Bondage. And also we welcome first timers. I wanna get you know, all different types, you know: the skinhead, leather, tattoo, piercing types. I also wanna bring the Boy♂Next♂Door. The main theme is everybody is getting tied up whether they like it or not. That's the main theme and hot sex.
** Source: Van Darkholme Kink interview
* Straight guys don't know how to clean their ass.
** Source: Van Darkholme Life Lesson: Dirty Ass We Can't
* I respect and love the subs when I’m working. I care for them a lot.
** Source: Kink (2013)

## See also

* Billy Herrington
# Billy Herrington

William Glen Harold Herrington (July 14, 1969 – March 2, 2018), known professionally as Billy Herrington and by the nickname Aniki, was an American model and pornographic film actor. In the late 2000s, his appearances in various gay pornography movies led him to become a popular Internet meme on video sharing websites such as Japan's Nico Nico Douga, where he was referred to by the sobriquet "Aniki" (兄貴, lit. older brother). Since then, at least 110,000 short mash-up parodies of his clips — known as "Gachimuchi" — have been produced by fans.

## Quotes

* You got me mad now
** Also commonly misunderstood as "Yugamineena", 歪みねえな.
** Source: Workout: Muscle Fantasies 3
* What the hell do you boys think that this here is, fucking Fairyland? Pulling on your wee-wees like a pack of fucking fruits?
** Source: Tales From The Foxhole
* Let us remember these timeless words: Ass♂we♂can.
** See also: Billy Herrington's Inaugural Address
** Source: Billy Herrington's Inaugural Speech
* I want to tell all my fans at Nico Nico to live their life without any judgments, and be adventurous. When opportunity comes, put work into your faith, and don't be afraid to go out and live life. Whatever your sexuality is - gay, straight, boy, girl - go have fun. That's what life is all about. And live a life of yugamineena.
** Source: A message to all the fans of Billy Herrington
* Yeah, it certainly is cum alright, at least it smells like it.
** Source: Playing with Fire 2

## See also

* Van Darkholme

## External links

* ↑ Lambert, Vincent (July 21, 1999). Porn Star Interview: Billy Herrington. Manshots. Retrieved on November 30, 2009.
* ↑ LaFrance, Richard (June 18, 2002). A Conversation With... Billy Herrington. As The Grove Turns. Archived from the original on December 17, 2002. Retrieved on November 30, 2009.
# David Prescott Talley

David Prescott Talley (September 11, 1950 –) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the bishop of the Diocese of Memphis.

## Quotes

* We, as Catholics, are meant to be engaged in the world, but our engagement is in the Lord.
** New Memphis bishop notes ‘challenge of leadership’ in troubled diocese (25 April 2019) Crux
# Robert Whittington

Robert Whittington (also spelt Wittinton, Whitynton, or Whitinton; c. 1480 – c. 1553) was an English grammarian. He was a pupil at Magdalen College School, Oxford, where he probably studied under the grammarian John Stanbridge.

## Quotes

* As time requireth, a man of marvellous mirth and pastimes, and sometime of as sad gravity, as who say: a man for all seasons.
** Of Sir Thomas More, in Vulgaria (1521), pt. 2: De constructione nominum. Cp. Erasmus, preface to In Praise of Folly (1509): omnium horarum hominem.

## External links

* Encyclopedic article on Robert Whittington on Wikipedia