# Paul-Henri Spaak

Paul-Henri Spaak (25 January 1899 – 31 July 1972) was the second Secretary General of NATO.

## Quotes

* The real father of the Atlantic Alliance was Stalin. It is he who has the right to a monument in each of our countries.
** In North Atlantic Treaty Organization letter: Volumes 15-16. Quoted by Asle Toje in America, the EU and strategic culture: renegotiating the transatlantic bargain.

## Attributed but unsourced

* There are only two types of states in Europe: small states, and small states that have not yet realized they are small.
** Ischinger, Wolfgang (September 14, 2015). Germany’s Hegemony Trap. Project Syndicate.; Amt, Auswärtiges. Speech by Foreign Minister Heiko Maas: “Courage to Stand Up for Europe – #EuropeUnited. bruessel-eu.diplo.de.; ‘Strategic autonomy for Europe - the aim of our generation’ - speech by President Charles Michel to the Bruegel think tank. www.consilium.europa.eu.

## Quotes about

* NATO was a triumph of organization and effort, but is was also something very new and very different. For NATO derived its strength directly from the moral values of the people it represented, from their high ideals, their love of liberty, and their commitment to peace. But perhaps the greatest triumph of all was not in the realm of a sound defense or material achievement. No, the greatest triumph after the war is that in spite of all of the chaos, poverty, sickness, and misfortune that plagued this continent, the people of Western Europe resisted the call of new tyrants and the lure of their seductive ideologies. Your nations did not become the breeding ground for new extremist philosophies. You resisted the totalitarian temptation. Your people embraced democracy, the dream the Fascists could not kill. They chose freedom. And today we celebrate the leaders who led the way—Churchill and Monnet, Adenauer and Schuman, De Gasperi and Spaak, Truman and Marshall. And we celebrate, too, the free political parties that contributed their share of greatness—the Liberals and the Christian Democrats, the Social Democrats and Labour and the Conservatives. Together they tugged at the same oar, and the great and mighty ship of Europe moved on.
** Ronald Reagan, Address to a Special Session of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, The American Presidency Project; 8 May 1985
* Although most western European leaders had reservations about the concept of a full European federation, a majority of them, especially among Christian Democrats, agreed that the ECSC created a foundation to build on. Even Winston Churchill, back as British prime minister after the 1950 elections, had called for a “United States of Europe,” though he had doubted that the British Commonwealth would be part of it. In 1956 a committee under Belgian foreign minister Paul-Henri Spaak set out proposals for what a year later became the Treaty of Rome, creating the European Economic Community (EEC). The EEC built directly on the ECSC. It had the same member states and the same supranational approach to economic integration. But it had a much wider remit, and would, over the generation that followed, remake western Europe as a unifying economic zone.
** Odd Arne Westad, The Cold War: A World History (2017)