# World economy

The world economy, or global economy, generally refers to the economy, which is based on economies of all of the world's countries' national economies. Also global economy can be seen as the economy of global society and national economies – as economies of local societies, making the global one. It can be evaluated in various kind of ways.
    CONTENT : A - F , G - L , M - R , S - Z , See also , External links

## Quotes

    Quotes are arranged alphabetically by author

### A - F

* With lower start-up costs and a vastly expanded market for online services, the result is a global economy that for the first time will be fully digitally wired-the dream of every cyber-visionary of the early 1990s, finally delivered, a full generation later.
** Marc Andreessen, in Ph.D. Windley The Live Web:: Building Event-Based Connections in the Clou, Cengage Learning, 2012, p. 315.
* The distribution of the world's resources and the settled unity of the peoples of the world are in reality one and the same thing, for behind all modern wars lies a fundamental economic problem. Solve that and wars will very largely cease. In considering, therefore, the preservation of peace, as sought for and emphasized by the United Nations at this time, it becomes immediately apparent that peace, security and world stability are primarily tied up with the economic problem. When there is freedom from want, one of the major causes of war will disappear. Where there is uneven distribution of the world's riches and where there is a situation in which some nations have or take everything and other nations lack the necessities of life, it is obvious that there is a trouble-breeding factor there and that something must be done. Therefore we should deal with world unity and peace primarily from the angle of the economic problem.
** Alice Bailey in Problems Of Humanity, Chapter VI - The Problem of International Unity (1944)
* It is essential for the future happiness and progress of humanity that there should be no return to the old ways, whether political, religious or economic. Therefore, in handling these problems we should search out the wrong conditions which have brought humanity to its present state of almost cataclysmic disaster. These conditions were the result... of economic systems which lay the emphasis upon the accumulation of riches and material possessions and which leave all the power and the produce of the earth in the hands of a relatively few men, while the rest of humanity struggle for a bare subsistence; and of political regimes run by the corrupt, the totalitarian-minded, the grafters and those who love place and power more than they love their fellowmen... Security, happiness and peaceful relations are desired by all. Until, however, the Great Powers, in collaboration with the little nations, have solved the economic problem and have realized that the resources of the earth belong to no one nation but to humanity as a whole, there will be no peace. The oil of the world, the mineral wealth, the wheat, the sugar and the grains belong to all men everywhere. They are essential to the daily living of the everyday man.
** Alice Bailey in Problems Of Humanity, Chapter VI - The Problem of International Unity (1944)
* The world economic council (or whatever body represents the resources of the world) must free itself from fraudulent politics, capitalistic influence and its devious scheming; it must set the resources of the earth free for the use of humanity. This will be a lengthy task but it will be possible when world need is better appreciated. An enlightened public opinion will make the decisions of the economic council practical and possible. Sharing and cooperation must be taught instead of greed and competition.
** Alice Bailey in Problems Of Humanity, Chapter VI - The Problem of International Unity (1944)
* I appreciate that in China, people are hungry to prosper in the global economy. What they need is a body of elected representatives who will widely debate and freely pass a strong national energy policy. Selling China an oil company will only take pressure off its rulers and further delay the arrival of democracy.
** Joe Barton "Why sell company to China?". USA Today. 2005-07-11.
* Today, local economies are being destroyed by the "pluralistic," displaced, global economy, which has no respect for what works in a locality. The global economy is built on the principle that one place can be exploited, even destroyed, for the sake of another place.
** Wendell Berry, Interview in New Perspectives Quarterly (1992), quoted in his Profile at The Poetry Foundation
* Without even entering into the question of the world economy’s ultimate dictation within narrow limits of everybody’s productive activity, it’s apparent that the source of the greatest direct duress experienced by the ordinary adult is not the state but rather the business that employs him. Your foreman or supervisor gives you more or-else orders in a week than the police do in a decade.
** Bob Black, The Libertarian as Conservative, (1984).
* A successful economic development strategy must focus on improving the skills of the area's workforce, reducing the cost of doing business and making available the resources business needs to compete and thrive in today's global economy.
** Rod Blagojevich in: Gov. Blagojevich Announces Major Opportunity Returns Investment to Bring Leading Manufacturer and 480 Jobs to Macomb, Illinois Government Network February 22, 2005.
* Luckily for the world economy, however, Gordon Brown and his officials are making sense. And they may have shown us the way through this crisis.
** Gordon Brown "Gordon Does Good", New York Times, 12 October 2008
** Paul Krugman, winner of the 2008 Prize in memory of Alfred Nobel for Economics.
* History moves in contradictions. The skeleton of historic existence, the economic structure of society, also develops in contradictions. Forms eternally follow forms. Everything has only a passing being. The dynamic force of life creates the new over and over again — such is the law inherent in reality.
** Nikolai Bukharin Imperialism and World Economy (1917), Ch. 15
* If my theoretical studies have contained any subjective value judgment, then this has amounted at most to a preference for freedom and progress rather than state control of the economy and distribution of such scanty prosperity as may be available for distribution at a given moment. I have wanted to make it clear that this preference is a great common interest of all parties, both in the management of the world economy and in every individual nation. Such a position may be attacked, but it cannot be denominated as party-politics in the ordinary sense.
** Gustav Cassel (1941, 440); as cited in: Carlson, Benny, and Lars Jonung. "Knut Wicksell, Gustav Cassel, Eli Heckscher, Bertil Ohlin and Gunnar Myrdal on the role of the economist in public debate." Econ Journal Watch 3.3 (2006): 524-5.
* I would remind you that in the United States we had an increasing gap between the rich and the poor for about 20 years, as we moved into this new economic phase. The same thing happened when we changed from being an agricultural economy to an industrial economy. In the last 2 or 3 years, we started to see the gap close again. And the answer is not to run away from globalization. The answer is to make change our friend. The answer is to have broad access to information and information technology, to have broad-based systems of education and health care and family supports in every country, and to continue to try to shape the global economy.
** Bill Clinton (December 22, 1999). "Interview with Charlie Rose of CBS' '60 Minutes II'". Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Volume 35, Number 52 (United States Government Printing Office): pp. 2670-2677.
* Geographically, the global economy is now multi-polar, as new centres of production have emerged in parts of what had been, historically, the periphery of the world economy. The world is now more accurately described as a 'mosaic of unevenness in a continual state of flux'.
** Peter Dicken Global Shift (2003) (Fourth Edition) Chapter 15, Winners and Losers, p. 509.
* The world economy is not yet a community--not even an economic community...Yet the existence of the "global shopping center" is a fact that cannot be undone. The vision of an economy for all will not be forgotten again.
** Peter Drucker The Age of Discontinuity (1969).
* There are reasons to believe that the world economy is once again in the throes of a phase change. There are also reasons to believe that this phase change, like the preceding ones, will involve a paradigmatic shift in the organization of people around their work. If this is so, then our perceptions of what has happened in the past decade or more in the world of work may need to be modified; likewise our perceptions of where those changes are leading us
** Fred Emery (1982), "Socio-Technical Foundations for a New Social Order?" in Human Relations, Vol 35: p. 1095-1122.
* Investors should be cautiously positioned as the global economy and markets face major uncertainties. The downgrade will be a further headwind to growth and job creation in the U.S.
** Mohamed El-Erian, in: Laura Matthews China Weighs in on S&P Downgrade, Says U.S. Should Live Within its Means [Slideshow.], IB Times, 6 August 2011.
* We have a booming global economy but we don't have a global society. Markets reduce everything, including human beings and nature, to commodities. Societies need more than this to prosper — such goals as political freedom and social justice.
** Marshall William Fishwick in Popular Culture: Cavespace to Cyberspace (1999).

### G - L

* If men can learn to be less defensive, more open to others, and more accepting of accountability, they will adapt well to the new global economy.
** John Gerzema in: Dan Schawbel, John Gerzema: How Women Will Rule the Future of Work, Forbes, 16 April 2013.
* Does the functioning of the world economy tend to concentrate wealth and power, or does it tend to diffuse it?
** Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations (1987), Chapter One, Nature of Political Economy, p. 14.
* The world economy diffuses rather than concentrates wealth.
** Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations (1987), Chapter Three, Dynamics Of Political Economy, p. 85.
* Structuralism argues that a liberal capitalist world economy tends to preserve or actually increase inequalities between developed and less developed economies.
** Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations (1987), Chapter Seven, Dependence And Economic Development, p. 274.
* To take what might seem an "objective", macro-economic approach to the origins of the world economy would be to treat the behavior of early European explorers, merchants, and conquerors as if they were simply rational responses to opportunities—as if this were just what anyone would have done in the same situation. This is what the use of equations so often does: make it seem perfectly natural to assume that, if the price of silver in China is twice what it is in Seville, and inhabitants of Seville are capable of getting their hands on large quantities of silver and transporting it to China, then clearly they will, even if doing so requires the destruction of entire civilizations. Or if there is a demand for sugar in England, and enslaving millions is the easiest way to acquire labor to produce it, then it is inevitable that some will enslave them.
** David Graeber Debt: The First 5,000 Years, 2011. Chapter Eleven, "Age of the Great Capitalist Empires", p. 314.
* We have to remember we're in a global economy. The purpose of fiscal stimulus is not simply to sustain activity in our national economies, but to help the global economy as well, and that's why it's so critical that measures in those packages avoid anything that smacks of protectionism.
** Stephen Harper, in Global Players - Stephen Harper, prime minister, Canada, Thomas White International, July 2012.
* In short, I believe in an America that is on the march - an America respected by all nations, friends and foes alike - an America that is moving, doing, working, trying - a strong America in a world of peace. That peace must be based on world law and world order, on the mutual respect of all nations for the rights and powers of others and on a world economy in which no nation lacks the ability to provide a decent standard of living for all of its people. But we cannot have such a world, and we cannot have such a peace, unless the United States has the vitality and the inspiration and the strength. If we continue to stand still, if we continue to lie at anchor, if we continue to sit on dead center, if we content ourselves with the easy life and the rosy assurances, then the gates will soon be open to a lean and hungry enemy.
** John F. Kennedy, "Speech by Senator John F. Kennedy, Convention Hall, Philadelphia, PA," October 31, 1960. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project.
* And each of these perspectives comes to the same conclusion, which is that our global economy is out of control and performing contrary to basic principles of market economics.
** David Korten, in Alexander M. Dake A Better Future with Globalization? Interview with David Korten, paraview.com, 2002.
* [An] epochal innovation [consisting of the] spreading application of science to processes of production and social organization.
** Simon Kuznets, Modern economic growth,'(1966), p. 487, as cited in: Peter Temin, ‎Gianni Toniolo (2008) The World Economy between the Wars. p. 7.
* Plausible as the idea of the United States of Europe as a peace arrangement may seem to some at first glance, it has on closer examination not the least thing in common with the method of thought and the standpoint of social democracy . . . At the present stage of development of the world market and of world economy, the conception of Europe as an isolated economic unit is a sterile concoction of the brain. Europe no more forms a special unit within world economy than does Asia or America.
** Rosa Luxemburg, Peace Utopias (1911).

### M - R

* In the new conditions created by the global economy, the information revolution and the growth of smart technologies, it is more necessary than ever for all companies to be guided by their rich spiritual inheritance, as spiritual enterprises.
** Ted Malloch, Doing Virtuous Business (Thomas Nelson, 2011) p. 134.
* The greatest thing to come out of this [the war in Iraq] for the world economy, if you could put it that way, would be $20 a barrel for oil. That's bigger than any tax cut in any country.
** Rupert Murdoch in: "Murdoch praises Blair's 'courage'" at guardian.co.uk, 2003/feb/12.
* We know that the nation that goes all-in on innovation today will own the global economy tomorrow. This is an edge America cannot surrender.
** Barack Obama in: Office of Management and Budget (U S. ). Fiscal Year 2015 Budget of the U.S. Government, Government Printing Office, 11 March 2014.
* In an updated and expanded version of the four horsemen of the apocalypse, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has identified five "global shocks" that will destabilise the world economy with increasing frequency in coming years. Rather than the traditional perils of conquest, war, famine and death, the OECD identifies viral pandemics, cyber attacks, financial crises, socio-economic unrest and geomagnetic storms as the five "global shocks" that will have to be endured.
** Sean O'Grady "World economy set to face more frequent shocks". The Independent. June 28, 2011. Retrieved on 2011-07-04.
* The most pressing and significant problems in the global economy are unsustainable structural issues with regard to the E.U. - fiscal deficits and the structure of the E.U. itself.
** Henry M. Paulson, in Eyder Peralta Former Treasury Secretary Says Market Ails Are Europe's Fault, National Public Radio Organization (NPR.Org), 9 August 2011.
* We know that to compete for the jobs of the 21st century and thrive in a global economy, we need a growing, skilled and educated workforce, particularly in the areas of science, technology, engineering and math.
** Mark Pocan in: Congressional Progressive Caucus (House of Representatives), Congressional Record, 22 May 2013.
* "Populists" believe in conspiracies and one of the most enduring is that a secret group of international bankers and capitalists, and their minions, control the world's economy.
** David Rockefeller, Memoirs (2003), Ch. 27 : Proud Internationalist, p. 406
* The challenge we face is how to integrate the Muslim world into the global economy. Asia has become part of it, but not Africa or the Middle East.One could realistically think about a Marshall Plan with respect to this part of the world, to succeed in integrating the Muslim and Arab world into the global economy as we did in Europe after World War II. For example, we’ve wasted hundreds of billions of dollars on the Iraq war. Had we taken a third of this money and invested it into a Marshall Plan for the Middle East, the benefits would have been ten times more than wasting it on a war.
** Nouriel Roubini, quoted in Janera Soerel, "Talking to Nouriel Roubini," Janera (2007-05-02).

### S - Z

* It is virtually impossible to compete in today's global economy without a college degree.
** Bobby Scott in: Congressiona Record, Government Printing Office, 29 September 2004.
* We live in a global economy, but the political organization of our global society is woefully inadequate. We are bereft of the capacity to preserve peace and to counteract the excesses of the financial markets. Without these controls, the global economy, is liable to break down.
** George Soros, The Crisis of Global Capitalism (1998).
* The development of a global economy has not been matched by the development of a global society. The basic unit for political and social life remains the nation-state. International law and international institutions, insofar as they exist, are not strong enough to prevent war or the large-scale abuse of human rights in individual countries. Ecological threats are not adequately dealt with. Global financial markets are largely beyond the control of national or international authorities.
** George Soros, The Crisis of Global Capitalism (1998).
* It would be wrong to think that the Second World War broke out accidentally, or as a result of blunders committed by certain statesmen, although blunders were certainly committed. As a matter of fact, the war broke out as the inevitable result of the development of world economic and political forces on the basis of present-day monopolistic capitalism. Marxists have more than once stated that the capitalist system of world economy contains the elements of a general crisis and military conflicts, that, in view of that, the development of world capitalism in our times does not proceed smoothly and evenly, but through crises and catastrophic wars.
** Joseph Stalin, Speech Delivered at a Meeting of Voters at the Stalin Electoral District, Moscow, February 9, 1946
* The point is that the uneven development of capitalist countries usually leads, in the course of time, to a sharp disturbance of the equilibrium within the world system of capitalism, and that group of capitalist countries regards itself as being less securely provides with raw materials and markets usually attempts to change the situation and to redistribute “spheres of influence” in its own favor — by employing armed force. As a result of this, the capitalist world is split into two hostile camps, and war breaks out between them. Perhaps catastrophic wars could be avoided if it were possible periodically to redistribute raw materials and markets among the respective countries in conformity with their economic weight by means of concerted and peaceful decisions. But this is impossible under the present capitalist conditions of world economic development.
** Joseph Stalin, Speech Delivered at a Meeting of Voters at the Stalin Electoral District, Moscow, February 9, 1946
* A dynamic and open Indian economy would have an important impact on the world economy…China is already well integrated with the World economy.
** T.N. Srinivasan in: China, India and the World Economy Worldbank.org
* At issue is not whether the global economy will pass away. It is passing away. Rising populations and debt combined with depletion of freshwater sources and fossil fuel make the status quo untenable. The only question is whether civil society will survive the transition.
** Daniel Suarez, Freedom (2010) Chapter 6: Waymeet
* Scientists and supercomputers have amplified our ability to look ahead. For decades, experts have warned us that human numbers, technology, hyper-consumption and a global economy are altering the chemical, geological, and biological properties of the biosphere.
** David Suzuki in: After 25 Years It’s Time To Stop Spinning Our Wheels, by David Suzuki, David Suzuki Foundation’s Science Matters newsletter 8 January 2013, quoted by The Green Word.
* Yet in this global economy, no jobs are safe. High-speed Internet connections and low-cost, skilled labor overseas are an explosive combination.
** Bob Taft in: Governor Bob Taft 2004 State of the State Address “The Jobs Agenda”, Gongwer News Service - Ohio, 2004.
* The main sources of tension in today's world economy could be grouped under the following categories:
    (i) the underdevelopment of a large part of world
    (ii) competition between different economic systems
    (iii) the passing of colonialism
    (iv) economic instability, especially in primary markets, and
    (v) national shortsightedness, especially in trade policy
   * Jan Tinbergen. Shaping the world economy; suggestions for an international economic policy. Twentieth Century Fund, 1962. p. 91.
* The essential feature of a capitalist world-economy... is production for sale in a market in which the object is to realize the maximum profit is the essential feature of a capitalist world-economy. In such a system production is constantly expanded as long as further production is profitable, and men constantly innovate new ways of producing things that will expand the profit margin.
** Immanuel Wallerstein (1979) The Capitalist World-Economy. p. 15.
* Indonesia is one of the least exposed economies in the region, with a vast domestic market and a relatively small share of exports to gross domestic product, so it is insulated from volatility in the global economy,
** George Worthington of IFR, quoted on BBC News, "Indonesia's economy grows at fastest pace in 15 years", February 6, 2012.
* China is a large economy, it’s growing larger, but remember, it’s still a third or a quarter the size of the American economy. The Indian economy’s even smaller. The Chinese economy’s still not that much of a consumer economy. The Indian one is, but it’s small. So, for all those reasons, nothing will ever quite replace the American economy in its kind of systemic role that it plays. The American consumer, even today, the weight of the American consumer in the global economy is China plus India doubled. So, it’s tough to replace that.
** Fareed Zakaria in: Michael Maiello Q&A With Fareed Zakaria, Forbes, 19 May 2009.
* Drawing a comparison to football, it could be said that the Spanish economy has, during this legislature, into the Champions League of the world economy, however bad that may seem to some."
** José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero in: Zapatero: "El Gobierno ha situado a España en la Champions League de las economías del mundo" Cadena SER: 11th Sept. 2007, during a speech by the PSOE in the Congress of Deputies.

## See also

* Economy
* Globalization
* Macroeconomics
* World