OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lawrence Joseph Henderson

Lawrence Joseph Henderson (June 3, 1878 – February 10, 1942) was an American physiologist, biochemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist. A graduate of Harvard Medical School, he is known for the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation. In 1919 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

## Quotes

* ... More explicitly than ever before the modern principles of physical science seem to compel us to recognized absolute mechanical necessity in all things. We may not understand organic regulations, or organic evolution, or the origin of life; in fact we are still unable with the necessary clearness to represent to ourselves the structure of a cell; yet theses are at least phenomena. As phenomena they are subject to the two laws of thermodynamics. For the laws of conservation and degradation of energy have long since supplanted Leibniz's rudimentary idea of the conservation of vis viva, as the ground of our conception of necessary causation.
** The Order of Nature: A Essay. Harvard University Press. 1917. p. 89.
* It is in proportion to our success or failure in conceiving facts simply that sciences are abstract or concrete, rational or descriptive. In these respects the contrast is great between the physical and the biological sciences. The figure of the earth, its path about the sun, and its relations to the other planets are readily conceivable in a first approximation as simple; but the forms of life seem complex, their activities manifold, and the concatenations interminable. Therefore, unlike celestial mechanics, the science of biology, which is the record of efforts accurately to describe and clearly to understand living things, is chiefly a science descriptive of concrete fact. It bears little resemblance to the more perfect science and as yet is in no danger of a relativist revolution. It has never attained, perhaps, as some have argued, it can never in any respect achieve and should not strive for the abstractness, the elegance, and the simplicity which are the mark of the classical epoch of many the physical sciences and the ideal of those who follow Newton and Willard Gibbs.
** Blood: A study in general physiology. Yale University Press. 1928. p. 2.
* Four centuries ago, Machiavelli was thinking of certain great problems of human society and writing two famous books. In so doing he reached scientific generalizations about the influence of the sentiments upon the actions of men and, through these actions, upon the fate of human societies. As a whole, these conclusions stand; but from this great and ingenious work of Machiavelli's almost no developments have followed. The science of statecraft and of the influence of the sentiments upon human behavior is little different to-day from what it was in Florence in the 16th century.
** (May 2, 1935)"Physician and Patient as a Social System". New England Journal of Medicine 212 (18): 819–823. DOI:10.1056/NEJM193505022121803.

## External links

Encyclopedic article on Lawrence Joseph Henderson on Wikipedia
# Margaret Ashton

Margaret Ashton (19 January 1856 – 15 October 1937) was an English suffragist, local politician, pacifist and philanthropist, and the first woman city councillor for Manchester.

## Quotes

* As women are still deprived from direct power to shape the destiny of this country, we must demand that our fellow men do their utmost to preserve peace and prevent the destruction of our communities. You are the only people who can prevent this crime from taking place. We are in contact with our sisters in Europe and America and we all believe that nothing can be gained from violence. We must appeal instead to reason and humanity.
* In these days when men are making us spend all our substance and strength on winning the liberty they out to be giving us with both hands – I have no heart to subsidise men’s things at all…except just to hold my seat on the Town Council
* I send you the notice of the women’s victory here – in a municipal lodging House. It is so nice, so complete, so good & simple that it ought to be a success and an example to other places- and it is such a pleasure to me to have it called by my name even though I don’t deserve it and Mrs Clark & the women guardians Cttee ought somehow to have been joined in
* Dear Mrs Macdonald
I am so glad to hear from you and of you even though you are the same dear old robber! Yes! You shall keep your bag – and have the money for your club as long as it really is women not men chiefly. In these days when men are making us spend all our substance and strength on winning the liberty they ought to be giving us with both hands – I have no heart to subsidize men’s things at all much except just page 2 to hold my seat on the Town Council I don’t give a P to anything that is exclusively for men & boys – I send you the notice of the women’s victory here – in a municipal lodging House. It is so nice, so complete, so good & simple that it ought to be a success and an example to other places- and it is such a pleasure to me to have it called by my name even though I don’t deserve it and Mrs Clark & the women guardians Cttee (ie Committee) ought somehow to have been joined in. You know perhaps that Page 3 That Cttee is suspended for a time. We can’t get neither money nor candidates while the suffrage fight goes on. Miss Olga Hertz & I are left trustees to start It again when we can – and Mrs Clark has got the post of housekeeper to Bedford College in London, where I hope you will go & see her some day If you have time. She was very sad at leaving Manchester and has been very ill of septic poisoning since but I hope has gone to Bedford College this last week – shall we meet At Lincoln? I am coming Yours always
# Kurt Alder

Kurt Alder (10 July 1902 – 20 June 1958) was a German chemist and Nobel laureate, who received the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry which he shared with his teacher Otto Diels for their work on what is now known as the Diels–Alder reaction.

## Quotes about Alder

* When a mixture of 1,3-butadiene and ethene is heated in the gas phase, a remarkable reaction takes place in which cyclohexene is formed by the simultaneous generation of two new carbon – carbon bonds. This is the simplest example of the Diels-Alder reaction, in which a conjugated diene adds to an alkene to yield cyclohexene derivatives. The Diels-Alder reaction is in turn a special case of the more general class of cycloaddition reactions between psystems, the products of which are called cycloadducts.
** K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Neil E. Schore (2011) Organic chemistry : structure and function 6th ed. Ch. 14 : Delocalized Pi Systems.
# Derek Barton

Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton FRS FRSE (8 September 1918 – 16 March 1998) was an English organic chemist and recipient of the 1969 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Odd Hassel for “contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry."

## Quotes

* I do not believe that the present flowering of science is due in the least to a real appreciation of the beauty and intellectual discipline of the subject. It is due simply to the fact that power, wealth and prestige can only be obtained by the correct application of science.
** Derek Barton, Some Reflections on the Present Status of Organic Chemistry, in Science and Human Progress: Addresses at the Celebrations of the 50th Anniversary of the Mellon Institute (1963), 90.

## Quotes about Derek Barton

* Molecules that differ from each other by rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers or conformers. Derek H. R. Barton (…) showed that the chemical and physical properties of complicated molecules can be interpreted in terms of their specific or preferred rotational arrangements and that a knowledge of the conformations of molecules is crucial to understanding the stereochemical basis of many reaction.
** George S. Zweifel and Michael H. Nantz, Modern Organic Synthesis (2006), Ch. 2. Stereochemical Considerations in Planning Syntheses
# Robert Curl

Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. (August 23, 1933 – July 3, 2022) was an American chemist, and emeritus professor of chemistry at Rice University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerene.

## Quotes

* In science, conjecture drives both experiment and theory for it is only by forming conjectures (hypotheses) that we can make the direction of our experiments and theories informed. If such and such is true, then I should be able to do this experiment and look for this particular result or I should be able to find this theoretical formulation. Conversely, experiment and theory drive conjecture. One makes a startling observation or has a sudden insight and begins to speculate on its significance and implications and to draw possible conclusions (conjecture).
** in his Nobel Lecture, December 7, 1996, Dawn of the Fullerenes: Experiment and Conjecture
# Peter Debye

Peter Joseph William Debye (March 24, 1884 – November 2, 1966) was a Dutch physicist and physical chemist, and Nobel laureate.

## Quotes

* Mathematical physics is in the first place physics and it could not exist without experimental investigations.
** Inaugural lecture for his professorship of mathematical physics at the University of Utrecht (1913), as quoted by Davies, Mansel. Peter Joseph Wilhelm Debye: 1884-1966. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of The Royal Society, Vol. 16 (1970).
# Jacques Dubochet

Jacques Dubochet (born 8 June 1942) is a Swiss scientist, specialist of biophysics. He is honorary professor at the University of Lausanne and winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017, together with Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution."

## Quotes

* [...] knowledge is our greatest wealth and the love of others the most beautiful human value.
** French: [...] la connaissance est notre plus grande richesse et l'amour d'autrui la plus belle valeur humaine.
** Source, in French: Jacques Dubochet, Parcours, Éditions Rosso, 2018, page 9 (ISBN 9782940560097).
* Reasonably, all these [fossil fuel] investments are financial dead-ends or ecological disasters.
** French: Raisonnablement, tous ces investissements [dans les énergies fossiles] sont des culs-de-sac financiers ou des catastrophes écologiques.
** Source, in French: Jacques Dubochet, Parcours, Éditions Rosso, 2018, page 145 (ISBN 9782940560097).
* To control global warming, only one solution: stop burning fossil fuels.
** French: Pour maîtriser le réchauffement climatique, une seule solution : arrêter de brûler les combustibles fossiles [...].
** Source, in French: Jacques Dubochet, Parcours, Éditions Rosso, 2018, page 153 (ISBN 9782940560097).
* Today, our developed nations live in opulence, excess and waste, with the consequences that our environment is degrading and the climate is wreaked.
** French: Aujourd'hui, nos nations développées vivent dans l'opulence, l'excès et le gaspillage avec pour conséquences notre environnement qui se dégrade et le climat boulversé.
** Source, in French: Jacques Dubochet, Parcours, Éditions Rosso, 2018, page 209 (ISBN 9782940560097).
# Cyril N. Hinshelwood

Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood OM PRS (19 June 1897 – 9 October 1967) was an English physical chemist and expert in chemical kinetics. His work in reaction mechanisms earned the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

## Quotes

* The natural sciences are sometimes said to have no concern with values, nor to seek morality and goodness, and therefore belong to an inferior order of things. Counter-claims are made that they are the only living and dynamic studies... Both contentions are wrong. Language, Literature and Philosophy express, reflect and contemplate the world. But it is a world in which men will never be content to stay at rest, and so these disciplines cannot be cut off from the great searching into the nature of things without being deprived of life-blood.
** Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood. "Presidential Address to Classical Association," 1959; Partly quotes in: Chemists through the years, part 1, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1994.
# Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Jr. (30 August 1852 – 1 March 1911) was a Dutch physical and organic chemist and the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1901. He is best known for his discoveries in chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, osmotic pressure, and stereochemistry. Van 't Hoff's work in these subjects helped found the discipline of physical chemistry as it is today.

## Quotes

* A famous name has this peculiarity that it becomes gradually smaller especially in natural sciences where each succeeding discovery invariably overshadows what precedes.
* It is sometimes easier to circumvent prevailing difficulties [in science] rather than to attack them.
* Whereas the chemico-chemists always find in industry a beautiful field of gold-laden soil, the physico-chemists stand somewhat farther off, especially those who seek only the greatest dilution, for in general there is little to make with watery solutions.

## Quotes about van 't Hoff

* In that year [1874], Jacobus van’t Hoff and Joseph Le Bel added a third dimension to our ideas about organic compounds when they proposed that the four bonds of carbon are not oriented randomly but have specific spatial directions. Van’t Hoff went even further and suggested that the four atoms to which carbon is bonded sit at the corners of a regular tetrahedron, with carbon in the center.
** John McMurry, Organic Chemistry 8th ed. (2012), Ch. 1 : Structure and Bonding
# Frederic Joliot-Curie

Jean Frédéric Joliot-Curie (19 March 1900 – 14 August 1958) was a French physicist, who shared the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with his wife Irène Joliot-Curie for the discovery of induced radioactivity. They were the second married couple, after his wife's parents, to win the Nobel Prize, adding to the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. Joliot-Curie and his wife also founded the Orsay Faculty of Sciences, part of the Paris-Saclay University.

## Quotes

* It is because I know all that science can bring to the world that I shall continue my efforts to ensure that it contributes to the happiness of all men, whether they be white, black, or yellow, and not to their annihilation in the name of some divine mission or other.
** Pierre Biquard, translated by Geoffrey Strachan (1966). Frédéric Joliot-Curie: the man and his theories. Eriksson. p. 129.

## External links

* Encyclopedic article on Frederic Joliot-Curie on Wikipedia
* Media related to Frederic Joliot-Curie on Wikimedia Commons
# Ryōji Noyori

Ryōji Noyori (野依 良治; Noyori Ryōji; born 3 September 1938) is a Japanese chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001, Noyori shared a half of the prize with William S. Knowles for the study of chirally catalyzed hydrogenations; the second half of the prize went to K. Barry Sharpless for his study in chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions (Sharpless epoxidation).

## Quotes

* Keep stupid, keep crazy. Knowledge begins with wonder. Success as a scientist is based on keen curiosity. If one wants to enjoy academic life, I would recommend him or her to be different.
** Ryōji Noyori (2018) cited in "Diverse culture, free environment keys for Nobel prizes: Nobel winner" on Focus Taiwan, 9 May 2018.
# Charles J. Pedersen

Charles John Pedersen (October 3, 1904 – October 26, 1989) was an American organic chemist best known for describing methods of synthesizing crown ethers. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987.

## Quotes

* Every discovery takes place in more than a scientific context.
** in his Nobel lecture, December 8, 1987.
# Karl Barry Sharpless

Karl Barry Sharpless (born 26 April 1941) is an American stereochemist. He is a two-time Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his work on stereoselective reactions and click chemistry.
Sharpless was awarded half of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions", and one third of the 2022 prize, jointly with Carolyn R. Bertozzi and Morten P. Meldal, "for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry". Sharpless is the fifth person (in addition to two organizations) to have twice been awarded a Nobel prize, along with Marie Curie, John Bardeen, Linus Pauling and Frederick Sanger, and the third to have been awarded two prizes in the same discipline (after Bardeen and Sanger).

## Quotes

* We have a word game in English called "Twenty questions." To play Twenty Questions, one player imagines some object, and the other players must guess what it is by asking questions that can be answered with a "yes" or a "no." I imagine every language has a similar game, and, for those of us who speak the language of science, the game is called The Scientific Method.
** Nobel Banquet speech, 2001
* ...when I started doing chemistry, I did it the way I fished – for the excitement, the discovery, the adventure, for going after the most elusive catch imaginable in uncharted seas.
** Nobel lecture, 2001
* Chemists usually write about their chemical careers in terms of the different areas and the discrete projects in those areas on which they have worked. Essentially all my chemical investigations, however, are in only one area, and I tend to view my research not with respect to projects, but with respect to where I’ve been driven by two passions which I acquired in graduate school: I am passionate about the Periodic Table (and selenium, titanium and osmium are absolutely thrilling), and I am passionate about catalysis. What the ocean was to the child, the Periodic Table is to the chemist; new catalytic reactivity is, of course, my personal coelacanth.
** Nobel lecture, 2001
* The discipline, nonetheless, is exacting: everything that can be observed should be observed, even if it is only recalled as the bland background from which the intriguing bits pop out like Venus in the evening sky. The goal is always finding something new, hopefully unimagined and, better still, hitherto unimaginable.
** Nobel lecture, 2001
# Françoise Puene

Françoise Puene also known as Mamy Nyanga, is a Cameroonian businesswoman and politician. She is the founding president of the Franco hotel group in Cameroon and the United Kingdom.

## Quote

* on ne peut pas parler de libre echange si les conditions ne sont pas reunies.
** we cannot talk about free trade if the conditions are not met
** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7_zkwGK18c
* on ne peut pas federer les gens si on a pas les infrastuctures.
** we cannot bring people together if we do not have the infrastructure
** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7_zkwGK18c

## External links

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Puene
# Vera Songwe

Vera Songwe is an economist and banking executive from Cameroon who has worked for the World Bank since 1998, and in 2015 became Western and Central Africa's regional director for the International Finance Corporation. She is the first woman to head the U.N.'s Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) at the level of Under Secretary-General.

## Quotes

* The power of NEPAD is the power of ideas and solutions it brings to the table. NEPAD and ECA have been working together closely on the MoveAfrica border system to harmonise systems, processes, and regulations in support of implementation of the Africa Continental Free Trade Area. NEPAD has also been at the forefront to ensure that the single African transport market can take hold. It is time for Africa to have its own development institution.
* The health pandemic caught Africa, like the rest of the world, unprepared. Our insurance systems were not deep enough, and as a collective we’ve needed to come together to respond. Twenty years after the birth of the African Union, which was created to reinforce solidarity, the continent was tested.

## External links

Vera Songwe at Wikiquote's sister projects: :
* Article at Wikipedia
* Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
* Media from Commons
* Learning resources from Wikiversity
* News stories from Wikinews
* Source texts from Wikisource
* Textbooks from Wikibooks
# Bola Shagaya

Bola Shagaya (10 October 1959) is a Nigerian businesswoman and fashion enthusiast. She is one of the richest women in . She is the founder and CEO of Bolmus Group International, a conglomerate with holdings in real estate, oil and gas, banking and photography. The name of her mother was Saadat Bakini. Bola Shagaya is known to have had her secondary school education at Queens School, Ilorin, and her tertiary education at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and Armstrong College in California, where she studied economics and accountancy.

## Quotes

* “There is no secret to success then faith in God and hard work, but beyond that ,what our youths of today must bear in mind are few vitals qualities like; Resilience, Perseverance in business,Total focus in life and Raw determination. I can tell you these qualities helped me get to where I am today and they can be of help to you too".
* RAW Determination, I can tell you these qualities help me to where I am today and they can be of help to you too."
** Shagaya Speaks Pasionately On The 4 Secrets To Her Success

## Quotes about person/work

* “The President commends Hajia Shagaya’s contribution to the nation’s economic growth, particularly through her diverse business investments in industries such as oil, real estate, banking, and communications.”
** https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2024/10/10/tinubu-congratulates-businesswoman-bola-shagaya-on-65th-birthday/

## External links

https://web.archive.org/web/20190701162254/http://www.bolashagaya.ng/
# Gregory Michael Aymond

Gregory Michael Aymond (12 November 1949) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the archbishop of the Archdiocese of New Orleans.

## Quotes

* We as Christians and as Catholics should not be told by anyone to violate our conscience, that's between us and God.
** US Ad limina: New Orleans in Rome (28 January 2012) Vatican Radio
# Folorunso Alakija

Folorunsho Alakija (born July 15, 1951) is a Nigerian businesswoman and philanthropist.She is the group managing director of The Rose of Sharon Group and the executive vice chairman of Famfa Oil Limited.

## Quotes

* For as long as one is alive, one will always have other things to achieve.
* It is when one dies and gets to the ‘beautiful gate’ that one would know if one has achieved all.
* it is not every business one ventures into that one would succeed at.
* when one loses, one should not give up or run away. One just has to keep trying.
* One would win some and lose some.
* It is the mistakes that one made that would teach one lessons that one could apply to improve on subsequent attempts.
* one can turn one’s challenges into bigger and better opportunities.
* When one is too busy with work or business, something could happen in their lives that could lead to regret.
* Charity begins at home.
* one should not do things in ‘one’s way.’ Rather, one should do things in ‘God’s way.’
* “I once dared to dream. And if I could succeed, so can you.”
“Persevere. Never give up. Today’s world enjoys electricity because of those who did not give up.”
# Engrish

Engrish is a slang term for the inaccurate, poorly translated, nonsensical or ungrammatical use of the English language by native speakers of other languages.

## Quotes

* Bring on the empty horses!
** Michael Curtiz, said while directing The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936 film)
** Reported in David Niven, Bring on the Empty Horses (1975) ch. 6
* All your base are belong to us.
** European Mega Drive version of Zero Wing (1989 video game), opening cutscene