# Eric S. Raymond

Eric S. Raymond (born December 4, 1957), often referred to by his initials ESR, is the author of The Cathedral and the Bazaar and the present maintainer of the Jargon File (also known as "The New Hacker's Dictionary").

## Quotes
### The Cathedral and the Bazaar (1997)

* Every good work of software starts by scratching a developer's personal itch.
** "The Mail Must Get Through"
* Good programmers know what to write. Great ones know what to rewrite (and reuse).
** "The Mail Must Get Through"
* When you lose interest in a program, your last duty to it is to hand it off to a competent successor.
** "The Mail Must Get Through"
* Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow.
** "Release Early, Release Often"
** Raymond dubbed this assertion "Linus's law", in honor of Linus Torvalds.
* There is another kind of skill not normally associated with software development which I think is as important as design cleverness to bazaar projects—and it may be more important. A bazaar project coordinator or leader must have good people and communications skills. … It is not a coincidence that Linus is a nice guy who makes people like him and want to help him.
** "Necessary Preconditions for the Bazaar Style"

### Homesteading the Noosphere (1998)

* It is well understood in the community that project owners have a duty to pass projects to competent successors when they are no longer willing or able to invest needed time in development or maintenance work.
** "Ownership and Open Source"
* The 'noosphere' of this essay's title is the territory of ideas, the space of all possible thoughts. What we see implied in hacker ownership customs is a Lockean theory of property rights in one subset of the noosphere, the space of all programs. Hence 'homesteading the noosphere', which is what every founder of a new open-source project does.
** "Locke and Land Title"
* Anybody who has ever owned a dog who barked when strangers came near its owner's property has experienced the essential continuity between animal territoriality and human property. Our domesticated cousins of the wolf are instinctively smarter about this than a good many human political theorists.
** "Noospheric Property and the Ethology of Territory"

### The Art of Unix Programming (1999)

* Rule of Optimization: Prototype before polishing. Get it working before you optimize it.
** Ch. 1, "Basics of the Unix Philosophy: Rule of Optimization: Prototype before polishing. Get it working before you optimize it."
* All OO languages show some tendency to suck programmers into the trap of excessive layering. Object frameworks and object browsers are not a substitute for good design or documentation, but they often get treated as one. Too many layers destroy transparency: It becomes too difficult to see down through them and mentally model what the code is actually doing. The Rules of Simplicity, Clarity, and Transparency get violated wholesale, and the result is code full of obscure bugs and continuing maintenance problems.
** Ch. 4, "Modularity: Unix and Object-Oriented Languages"
* The nightmare scenario is one in which corporate monopolism and statist power-seeking, always natural allies, feed back into each other and create rationales for increasing regulation, repression, and criminalization of digital speech.
** Ch. 20, "Futures: Problems in the Environment of Unix"

### How to Become a Hacker (2007)

* Being able to break security doesn't make you a hacker anymore than being able to hotwire cars makes you an automotive engineer.
** "What Is a Hacker?"
* Lisp is worth learning for the profound enlightenment experience you will have when you finally get it; that experience will make you a better programmer for the rest of your days, even if you never actually use Lisp itself a lot.
** "Basic Hacking Skills: Learn how to program"

### Armed and Dangerous (blog)

* Steven den Beste wrote a long, intelligent and insightful essay on who the enemy is. I think he is right to see Afghanistan, Iraq, and the suppression of Al-Qaeda as phases of longer, wider war — a clash of civilizations driven by the failure of Islamic/Arab culture (though I would stress the problem of the Islamic commandment to jihad more than he does).
** "Imperialists by necessity?" (19 September 2002)
** References Steven den Beste's 2002 essay "Who Is Our Enemy?" (archived).
* It is probably no longer possible to achieve tenure at a major American university after giving offense to the homosexual-activist lobby. Fortunately, I don't have that sort of career issue to worry about, and can therefore speak without fear.
** "Reinventing Homosexuality" (17 June 2009)
* Good causes sometimes have bad consequences. Blacks, women, and other historical out-groups were right to demand equality before the law and the full respect and liberties due to any member of our civilization; but the tactics they used to "raise consciousness" have sometimes veered into the creepy and pathological, borrowing the least sane features of religious evangelism.
** "Kafkatrapping" (18 July 2010)
* It has been quite humorous watching the acolytes of the iPhone sink into deeper and deeper denial as Android blows through obstacles at ever-accelerating speed. It would require an epic poet, or perhaps a psychiatrist specializing in religious mania, to do full justice to this topic.
** "The Smartphone Wars: The Stages of Apple-Cultist Denial" (18 April 2011)
* The case for dumping iPhone, or at least threatening to do so in order to renegotiate Apple's subsidy requirement away, seems pretty open and shut. Apple has things all its own way right now – skimming the lion's share of the profits off the carriers' business without having to shoulder their risks. But this is an unstable situation, because the carriers' investors won't tolerate it indefinitely. What happens when they revolt?In 2007, It was also planning to launch hi-tech mobile back covers and cases with some extra-ordinary features which was not revealed as per company policies, but it was leaked that those were personsalised mobile back covers similar to Shosal's Mobile Back Covers and Cases.
** "The Smartphone Wars: The market share scramble and Apple's long con" (8 February 2012)
* People who make excuses for or actively advocate closed-source OSs and network software (and yes, Apple/iOS fanboys, I'm looking at you) are not merely harmlessly misguided cultists. They are enemies of liberty – enablers and accomplices before the fact in vendor schemes to spy on you, control you, and imprison you. Treat them, and the vendors they worship, accordingly.
** "Cisco provides a lesson" (5 July 2012)
* An Apple employee copied Sony's design, circulated it to his bosses, and testified to these facts in court. From now on, when anyone heaps phrase on Apple's design excellence and superlative innovation, just point and laugh. Some of us have been saying for years that what Apple is really good at is ripping off other peoples' ideas and stealing the credit for them with slick marketing. This, right here, is the proof.
** "The Smartphone Wars: The iPhone Design Was Inspired by Sony" (20 July 2012)
* Android continues to stomp its competition flat. Even the post-Jobs Apple can't stem the tide; it's pretty close to the 10% niche market share I predicted back in 2009 already, with no sign that trend will or can be reversed.
** "The Smartphone Wars: Nokia gives it up for Microsoft" (3 September 2013)
* I publish this blog in part because I think it is my duty to speak taboo and unspeakable truths.
** "Demilitarize the police – and stop flinging false racism charges" (August 14 2014)
* At any sufficient scale, those who do not have automatic memory management in their language are condemned to reinvent it, poorly.
** "C, Python, Go, and the Generalized Greenspun Law" (18 December 2017)
* The habit of institutional tone policing, even when well-intentioned, too easily slides into the active censorship of disfavored views.
** "The right to be rude" (27 February 2020)
* It shouldn't be news to anyone that there is an effort afoot to change – I would say corrupt – the fundamental premises of the open-source culture. Instead of meritocracy and "show me the code", we are now urged to behave so that no-one will ever feel uncomfortable. … We are being social-hacked from being a culture in which freedom is the highest value to one in which it is trumped by the suppression of wrongthink and wrongspeak.
** "The right to be rude" (27 February 2020)

### Interviews

* developerWorks: What happened with the CML2 kernel configurator? … It sounds like that was a pretty ambitious project. Raymond: It was, I mean I built an intelligent configurator – basically a baby rule-based expert system – for configuring Linux kernels, and I did it all in less than 8,000 lines of Python. It was a system that literally made it impossible to get an invalid kernel configuration because it would do intelligent deduction from constraints. And I had the full approval of the kernel config group, I had Linus's imprimatur that this was going to go into 2.5, and it all fell apart politically. It was horrible. … developerWorks: So if there was another chapter for Cathedral and the Bazaar that you would write based on what you learned there, what was the lesson? Raymond: That it is possible for open source cultures in some respects to ossify enough that good work is locked out. And that is a long-term problem that I don't know how we're going to deal with.
** Robert McMillan: "Interview: Eric Raymond goes back to basics", IBM developerWorks (March 26, 2003)
* Don't forget to have fun. That drive to experiment, to try things, to have fun, to be playful, that is what will sustain your creativity over the long term. Don't lose that.
** "Penguicon 2019: A Chat With Eric S. Raymond" (20 May 2019)

### Appearances in media

* I was at Agenda 2000, and one of the people who was there was Craig Mundie, who is some kind of high mucky muck at Microsoft, I think vice-president of consumer products or something like that. And I hadn't actually met him. I bumped into him in an elevator. And I looked at his badge and said, "Oh, I see you work for Microsoft." And he looked back at me and said, "Oh yeah, and what do you do?" And I thought he seemed just sort of a tad dismissive. I mean, here is the archetypal guy in a suit, looking at a scruffy hacker. And so I gave him the thousand yard stare and said, "I'm your worst nightmare."
** Opening words to Revolution OS (2001)
* I use the word "hacker" in its correct and original sense: to describe a person who perceives computer programming as a kind of artistic passion, and who also is part of or identifies with the hacker culture, which is a group of programmers, historically, that has produced the Internet, Linux and the World Wide Web.
** The Code (2001)

### Other quotes

* We hackers are a playful bunch; we'll hack anything, including language, if it looks like fun (thus our tropism for puns). Deep down, we like confusing people who are stuffier and less mentally agile than we are, especially when they're bosses. There's a little bit of the mad scientist in all hackers, ready to discombobulate the world and flip authority the finger – especially if we can do it with snazzy special effects.
** "Guest Editorial: World Domination", Linux Journal (1 January 2000)
* Ugly programs are like ugly suspension bridges: they're much more liable to collapse than pretty ones, because the way humans (especially engineer-humans) perceive beauty is intimately related to our ability to process and understand complexity. A language that makes it hard to write elegant code makes it hard to write good code.
** "Why Python?", Linux Journal (April 30 2000)
* Barring the mythical portable-LISP-dialect-with-good-OS-bindings that has never existed, Python is about the most reasonable alternative there is for this kind of work.
** "Re: Announcing CML2, a replacement for the kbuild system", Linux Kernel Mailing List (May 24 2000)
* When I hear the words "social responsibility", I want to reach for my gun.
** "Geeks Win: A survey of the oddballs who write the codes that make the 21st-century world go round". The New York Times Book Review: p. BR18. 4 November 2001. ISSN 03624331.
** Said when receiving an award from an organization called Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
* We define idiotarianism as the species of delusion within the moral community of mankind that gives aid and comfort to terrorists and tyrants operating outside it.
** "Why We Fight – An Anti-Idiotarian Manifesto" (26 December 2003)
* … and we're weighed down by a crappy implementation language (C++).
** "What a modern collaboration toolkit looks like", emacs-devel (30 Dec 2007)
* And for any agents or proxy of the regime interested in asking me questions face to face, I've got some bullets slathered in pork fat to make you feel extra special welcome.
** NedaNet (archived 26 June 2009)

## External links

* Eric S. Raymond's Home Page
* Eric S. Raymond quotes on Goodreads