OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Photon

A photon is an elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force (even when static via virtual photons). The photon has zero rest mass and is always moving at the speed of light.

## Quotes

* The theory of the light quantum, which Einstein initiated in 1905 and which is with us still, is certainly the most revolutionary development in the history of physics and arguably in the history of science. The creators of the theory, men such as Einstein, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, Wolfgang Pauli, and Paul Dirac, were often struck by the apparent "absurdity"—the utterly noncommonsensical aspects—of the world depicted by the quantum theory.
** Jeremy Bernstein, Quantum Profiles (1991), "John Stewart Bell: Quantum Engineer"
* Light is something like raindrops—each little lump of light is called a photon—and if the light is all one color, all the "raindrops" are the same.
** Richard Feynman, QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter (1985), p. 14.
* My favorite deep, elegant and beautiful explanation is Albert Einstein's 1905 proposal that light consists of energy quanta, today called photons. Actually, it is little known, even among physicists, but extremely interesting how Einstein came to this position. It is often said that Einstein invented the concept to explain the photoelectric effect. Certainly, that is part of Einstein's 1905 publication, but only towards its end. The idea itself is much deeper, more elegant and, yes, more beautiful.
** Anton Zeilinger, Einstein's Photons (2012)
* At the first of the 1960's Rochester Coherence Conferences, I suggested that a license be required for use of the word photon, and offered to give such license to properly qualified people.
** W. E. Lamb, Anti-photon, Appl. Phys. B 60, 77-84 (1995).
* All the indistinguishable photons illuminate the array of N slits, or grating, simultaneously. If only one photon propagates, at any given time, then that individual photon illuminates the whole array of N slits simultaneously.
   * F. J. Duarte (2003). Tunable Laser Optics. Elsevier Academic. p. 26. ISBN 0-12-222696-8.

## See also

* Light
# Phra Brahmapundit

Phra Brahmapundit (17 September 1955 –) is a Thai Buddhist.

## Quotes

* Karuna is most needed to alleviate the suffering of the earth. Karuna moves the hearts of people to alleviate the suffering of beings in need, without any discrimination. Karuna is inseparable from Metta, which translates as "loving-kindness" and means unconditional love.
** Christian-Buddhist Colloquim in the sign of "Karuna" and "Agàpe" (15 November 2023) Fides News Agency
# Phonon

A phonon a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in solids and some liquids. The concept was introduced in 1932 by Igor Tamm.

## Quotes

* That electron-phonon interactions lead to an effective attractive interaction between electrons by exchange of virtual photons was shown by Fröhlich by use of field-theoretic methods. His analysis was extended by Pines and myself to include Coulomb interactions. In second order, there is an effective interaction between the quasi-particle excitations of the normal state which is the sum of the attractive phonon-induced interaction and a screened Coulomb interaction. In the Handbuch article, I suggested that one should take the complete interaction, not just the self-energy tens, and use it for a theory of superconductivity.
** John Bardeen: "Developments of Concepts in Superconductivity". BCS: 50 Years. World Scientific Publishing Co. 2011. pp. 33–40. ISBN 9789814304658. (quote from pp. 35–36)
* The phonons are well known as the quanta of lattice vibrations. These lattice vibrations are the most understood from successful theories of condensed matter physics and can be considered as a milestone in the comprehension of the properties of condensed materials. Ranging from the infrared, Raman, neutron and in the recent years, synchrotron spectra to the anharmonic properties as well as the electron phonon interactions and superconductivity, there is little left in which the phonons do not play a vital role. In order to understand the material properties, however, the modelling of microscopic interactions intrinsically involved between electrons and ions, remained an ambitious and affordable tool over decades. One of the remarkable developments in physics of phonons is the concept of Rigid Shell Model (RSM) ... derived from the original crystal lattice theory of Born and Huang ..., which includes the microscopic electron-phonon interactions in several classes of non-metallic solids.
** R. K. Singh: "Phonon Induced Properties and Mechanisms in Condensed Materials (pages 12–23) by R. K. Singh". Phonons in Condensed Materials. Allied Publishers. 2004. p. 12. ISBN 978-81-7764-590-3.
* As the concept of a phonon originates from relative motion of the atoms, rather than the motion of their centre of mass, a phonon in a crystal does not carry a momentum. However, for practical purposes we assign a momentum $\hbar$q to a phonon in the qth mode. For this reason a phonon is called a quasi-particle.
** G. P. Srivastava: The Physics of Phonons. CRC Press. 1990. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-85274-153-5.
# Photoelectric effect

The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation, such as light, hits a material. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons. The phenomenon is studied in condensed matter physics, and solid state and quantum chemistry to draw inferences about the properties of atoms, molecules and solids. The effect has found use in electronic devices specialized for light detection and precisely timed electron emission.

## Quotes

* In contemplating the papers Einstein wrote in 1905, I often find myself wondering which of them is the most beautiful. It is a little like asking which of Beethoven’s symphonies is the most beautiful. My favorite, after years of studying them, is Einstein’s paper on the blackbody radiation. [...] Part of being a great scientist is to know—have an instinct for—the questions not to ask. Einstein did not try to derive the Wien law. He simply accepted it as an empirical fact and asked what it meant. By a virtuoso bit of reasoning involving statistical mechanics (of which he was a master, having independently invented the subject over a three-year period beginning in 1902), he was able to show that the statistical mechanics of the radiation in the cavity was mathematically the same as that of a dilute gas of particles. As far as Einstein was concerned, this meant that this radiation was a dilute gas of particles—light quanta. But, and this was also characteristic, he took the argument a step further. He realized that if the energetic light quanta were to bombard, say, a metal surface, they would give up their energies in lump sums and thereby liberate electrons from the surface in a predictable way, something that is called the photoelectric effect. [...] In the first place, not many physicists were even interested in the subject of blackbody radiation for at least another decade. Kuhn has done a study that shows that until 1914 less than twenty authors a year published papers on the subject; in most years there were less than ten. Planck, who was interested, decided that Einstein’s paper was simply wrong.
** Jeremy Bernstein, Quantum Profiles (1991), John Stewart Bell: Quantum Engineer
# Merle Curti

Merle Eugene Curti (September 15, 1897 – March 9, 1996) was a leading American historian, who taught many graduate students at Columbia University and the University of Wisconsin, and was a leader in developing the fields of social history and intellectual history. He was a member of the American Philosophical Society (1948).

## Quotes
### "Intellectuals and Other People" (1954)

    "Intellectuals and Other People", A paper read at the annual meeting of the American Historical Association, held in New York, December 29, 1954. Published in the American Historical Review 60, no. 2 (Feb., 1955): 259–282
* ...There was also a feeling among many clergymen that scholarship somehow threatens religion. Even Jonathan Edwards, himself a profound scholar, took the colleges to task for failing to inculcate piety. The persistence of such a view is seen in the sustained effort of the nineteenth-century academic orators to refute the charge that learning and religion are at necessary odds. No note is more often struck than this in the hundreds of commencement orations and other academic addresses that I have had the somewhat doubtful pleasure of reading.
* The culture hero of our business civilization was the self-made man, a man of action, not one of trained intellect.
* American respect for business, and the businessman's inadequate appreciation of the intellectual, have by tradition been pretty generally taken for granted. One historian has gone so far as to say that whenever business sits in the driver's seat, as it did in the 1920's and as it does today, the distrust of the intellectual is both epidemic and dominant.
* The ivory tower can become a pretty dull place, and rather unproductive, too.
* While appraising all aspects of the past, including myths, we must at the same time uphold the critical function that is the basis of all scholarship, indeed, of civilization itself. For this we also need to recognize clearly the sources of irrationality in history, in our culture, in ourselves.
# Preacher

A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people.

## Quotes

* Preachers say, Do as I say, not as I do.
** John Selden, Table Talk (1689)

## See also

* Preacher (comics)
* Preaching
* Priest
* Sermon
# Precept

Quotes about precept:

## Quotes

* "Precept must be upon precept."
** Isaiah 28:10

## References

* Klopsch, Louis, 1852-1910 (1896). Many Thoughts of Many Minds.
# Pre-Socratic philosophy

A number of early Greek philosophers active before and during the time of Socrates are collectively known as the pre-Socratics.

## Quotes

* The essence of what the Presocratics have to tell us does not have to do with their doctrine but with the relation between their doctrine and the culture in which they advanced those truths.
** André Laks, The Concept of Presocratic Philosophy (2006), p. 27
* When Plato in the Sophist remarks that all those, pluralists or monists, who have spoken before him about being are tellers of myth, this is not because they did so within the framework of a theological narration (even if this is indeed the case for some of them), but because they all answer the question of the number of beings without having asked themselves what the term "is" means: their mythology consists in not raising the appropriate questions.
** André Laks, The Concept of Presocratic Philosophy (2006), p. 39

## See also

Category:Presocratic philosophers
# Pre-Hysterical Hare

Pre-Hysterical Hare is a 1958 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Robert McKimson and written by Tedd Pierce. The short was released on November 1, 1958, and stars Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd. The two are in their usual hunter-and-bunny antics, but set in the Stone Age.

## Bugs Bunny

* Someday, they'll outlaw this annual madness known as Rabbit Season. I just hope I'd still be in one piece so I could appreciate it.
* That's what I think! [Mimics Elmer's laugh]
# José Ángel Saiz Meneses

José Ángel Saiz Meneses (2 August 1956 –) is a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Seville.

## Quotes

* The Brotherhoods are a transversal reality, like the Church itself. Popular piety is not for illiterate people, it is a way of encountering God: the via pulchritudinis which is not only perfectly valid for the encounter with God, but is complementary to a more speculative way. There are many very educated, very cultured people, for whom this way is the one that most helps them to encounter God.
** José Ángel Saiz Meneses: "The brotherhoods have more and more an evangelizing conscience". (29 August 2023) Omnes
* It's a fact that we are called to live in a climate of faith, above all, to give thanks to God for the witness that these brothers of ours left us.
** 20 martyrs of persecution during Spanish Civil War to be beatified (24 October 2023) Catholic News Agency
# Journey 2: The Mysterious Island

Journey 2: The Mysterious Island (also known as Journey to the Mysterious Island) is a 2012 American 3D science fiction adventure film directed by Brad Peyton and the sequel to the 2008 film Journey to the Center of the Earth. Following the first film, the sequel is based on another Jules Verne novel, this time The Mysterious Island, similar to the first movie and second film in the Journey series. The film was released on February 10, 2012 in Digital 3D and IMAX 3D. The film was released with a Looney Tunes short called Daffy's Rhapsody with Daffy Duck and Elmer Fudd.
The film stars Dwayne Johnson, Michael Caine, Josh Hutcherson, Vanessa Hudgens, Luis Guzmán, and Kristin Davis. The story was written by Richard Outten, Brian Gunn and Mark Gunn, and the screenplay by Brian and Mark Gunn.

## Hank Parsons

* [seeing Gabato's old helicopter] I'd rather take the Titanic.
* [to Sean] Pop your pecs.

## Alexander Anderson

* Who's up for an adventure?

## Gabato

* [upon seeing the beauty of Mysterious Island] If this is heaven, I'm checking in.
* [reading the Hindu writing in Captain Nemo's journal] Man, that guy had some terrible handwriting.

## Dialogue

    Hank: [after seeing Gaboto's old helicopter] What in the blue heck is that?
    Gaboto: The finest helicopter in Palau.
    Sean: Hate to see the worst.
    Sean: Ladies and gentlemen, I give you...
    Hank: ...The mysterious island.
    Hank: [watches Alexander mount a giant bee] Hey, get down from there!
    Alexander: And why should I?
    Hank: Because Medicare doesn't cover old ladies falling off of bees. Now get down from there!
    Alexander: Suit yourself! But make sure you're wearing swimming trunks when this place becomes the Pacific Ocean!
    Alexander: [on Sean's sprained ankle] On three. One...
    [pops ankle back]
    Hank: What happened to two and three?
    Sean: Yes, what happened to two and three?
    Alexander: Two. Three.

## Cast

* Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson as Hank Parsons
* Josh Hutcherson as Sean Anderson
* Vanessa Hudgens as Kailani Laguatan
* Michael Caine as Alexander Anderson
* Luis Guzman as Gabato "Gabby" Laguatan
* Kristin Davis as Elizabeth "Liz" Anderson

## External links

* Journey 2: The Mysterious Island quotes at the Internet Movie Database
# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 film)

Journey to the Center of the Earth is a 2008 film based on the 19th century novel of the same name by Jules Verne.
    Directed by Eric Brevig. Written by Michael D. Weiss, Jennifer Flackett, and Mark Levin.

## Trevor

* It's actually thicker than I thought.
* WE'RE STILL FALLING!!!!

## Dialogue

    Elizabeth: Say hi to your uncle, Sean.
    Sean: Hi to your uncle.
    Trevor: What are you doing?
    Sean: I am Googling at 30 thousand feet.
    Trevor: Are you supposed to be doing that?
    Sean: Welcome to the 21st century.
    Hannah Ásgeirsson: Just make conversation with me, Sean.
    Sean: So, uh, Hannah, do you come here often?
    Trevor: [laughs] That can't be the best you can do!
    Sean: Hey! I'm trying to make conversation!
    Hannah Ásgeirsson: [laughs] It's OK. No Sean, I don't come here often.
    Trevor: [as they are climbing] Hey, look at all the shist.
    Sean: What?
    Trevor: Its a metamorphic rock. Green schist, white schist, micro-guarded schist...
    Sean: Oh. Schist.
    [The trio are riding fast through mine tunnels in cars]
    Sean: I wish there were seatbelts on this thing!
    Trevor: You're worried about seatbelts?!
    Sean: [running from a dinosaur] Haven't you ever seen a dinosaur before?
    Trevor: Not with skin on it!

## Cast

* Brendan Fraser — Trevor
* Josh Hutcherson — Sean
* Anita Briem — Hannah
* Seth Meyers — Professor Kitzens
* Jean-Michel Paré — Max
* Jane Wheeler — Liz
* Giancarlo Caltabiano — Leonard
* Garth Gilker — Sigurbjörn Ásgeirsson

## External Links

* Journey to the Center of the Earth quotes at the Internet Movie Database
# Journey into Fear (1975 film)

Journey into Fear is a 1975 film about an American geologist accidentally discovers oil in Turkish mountains, endangering his life though political intrigue.
    Directed by Daniel Mann. Written by Trevor Wallace, based on the novel by Eric Ambler.

## Dervos

* Oil is money. Money is politics. I work for money.

## Taglines

* Everyone they meet...every door they open...every corner they turn...could be their last!

## Cast

* Sam Waterston — Graham
* Zero Mostel — Kupelkin
* Yvette Mimieux — Josette
* Scott Marlowe — Jose
* Ian McShane — Banat
* Vincent Price — Dervos
* Donald Pleasence — Kuvelti
* Shelley Winters — Mrs. Mathews
* Stanley Holloway — Mr. Mathews
* Jackie Cooper — Hurst
* Joseph Wiseman — Col. Haki

## External links

* Journey into Fear quotes at the Internet Movie Database
# Journey to the Center of the Earth (1989 film)

Journey to the Center of the Earth is a 1989 film about a group young people exploring a cave in Hawaii who fall into a hole and wind up in the lost city of Atlantis.
    Directed by Rusty Lemorande. Written by Debra Ricci, Regina Davis, Kitty Chalmers, and Rusty Lemorande, loosely based on the novel Journey to the Center of the Earth by Jules Verne.

## Taglines

* Explore the Impossible.

## Cast

* Emo Philips — Nimrod
* Paul Carafotes — Richard
* Jackie Bernstein — Sara
* Kathy Ireland — Wanda Saknussemm
* Janie du Plessis — Gen. Rykov
* Nicola Cowper — Crystina
* Lochner De Kock — Professor Galba
* Ilan Mitchell-Smith — Bryan
* Albert Maritz — Mago/Kepple/Lab Assistant
* Jeff Celentano — Tola
* Simon Poland — Roderman / Hairdresser
* Jeremy Crutchley — Billy Foul

## External links

* Journey to the Center of the Earth quotes at the Internet Movie Database
# Paul Desmond

Paul Desmond (born Paul Emil Breitenfeld; 25 November 1924 – 30 May 1977) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer born in San Francisco, best known as a member of the Dave Brubeck Quartet and for writing "Take Five".

## Unsourced

* I could only write at the beach, and I kept getting sand in my typewriter.
** His reason for not pursuing a literary career
* I hate the way he writes. I kind of love the way he lives, though.
** On writer Jack Kerouac
* I have won several prizes as the world’s slowest alto player, as well as a special award in 1961 for quietness.
* I think I had it in the back of my mind that I wanted to sound like a dry martini.
** About his distinctive light sound
* I tried practicing for a few weeks and ended up playing too fast.
** About the value of practice
* I was unfashionable before anyone knew who I was.
** About his playing style
* It's like living in a house where everything's painted red.
** On Ornette Coleman's playing
* Not for me. If I want to tune everybody out, I just take off my glasses and enjoy the haze.
** On contact lenses
* Sometimes I get the feeling that there are orgies going on all over New York City, and somebody says, `Let's call Desmond,' and somebody else says,'Why bother? He's probably home reading the Encyclopedia Britannica.'
* Well, that I'm not playing better.
** When asked by Gene Lees what accounted for the melancholy in his playing
* Writing is like jazz. It can be learned, but it can’t be taught.
* You're beginning to sound like a cross between David Frost and David Susskind, and that is a cross I cannot bear.
** His response to the annoying banality of an interviewer
# Paul Dennis Etienne

Paul Dennis Etienne (June 15, 1959 –) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Seattle.

## Quotes

* This will no doubt be a challenge for many and will require grace and patience from all of us, however, if we remain focused on Jesus and his call for us to be his missionary disciples, he will show us the way.
** Archbishop Etienne reflects on year of change, looks forward in hope (24 January 2024) Northwest Catholic
# Paul Dini

Paul Dini (August 7, 1957–) is an American writer and producer who works in the television and comic book industries.

## Quotes

* The more I examined my emotions, the more I was able to put that in my writing. I wanted to concentrate more on human emotions and internal feelings in the characters, inasmuch as I could in an animated cartoon show—ostensibly one for a young audience. There were times when I felt I couldn’t put the depth of feeling that I wanted to in the cartoons at that time, because it’s for kids and you have to keep it kind of upbeat. But I did it where I could. And I put it in my other work as well, when I was writing things like comics and screenplays.
** Harley Quinn co-creator Paul Dini discusses how Batman helped him heal (June 21, 2016)
* We came up with the idea of people who are attracted to criminals, especially those who might write to a criminal in jail saying, “I understand you, I sympathize with what you’re going through,” and they just sort of pin all their hopes and dreams on somebody who they think is misunderstood but who is in fact rather dangerous. The fact that Harley might have gone from this intelligent, cool therapist to this crazed clown woman was both very interesting and very tragic to us. We thought that had the makings of a great Batman villain — like Batman himself, his villains start off human but then some tragedy happens and warps them into what they are today.
** Paul Dini reflects on 25 years of Harley Quinn (September 5, 2017)

## External links

* Official website
# Paul Donoghue

Paul Patrick Donoghue (18 January 1949–) is a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who serves as the Diocese of Rarotonga.

## Quotes

* Surely deep down we all want to respect the reputation of others, see the best in them and not cause an unjust injury. So aim for the heavens and not the gutter.
** The power of the spoken word ‘to heal or destroy’ (30 April 2021)
* A disturbed or uneasy conscience is a gift from God. Rejoice when that happens, rather than being offended, and you will discover one of the best ways by which you can grow in holiness of life. You become free of the very sin the Lord Jesus is presenting to you.
** A ‘pricked’ conscience (15 October 2021)
* By using the word "dialogue" I hope to be able to believe that the other has something worthwhile to say. Engaging in dialogue does not mean renouncing our own ideas and traditions but rather, renouncing the claim that they alone are valid or absolute.
** New Year, New Resolution (7 January 2022)