OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pirak

Pirak (Urdu: پیراک‎) is an archaeological site belonging to the Indus Valley civilization located in Balochistan, Pakistan. It is 20 km south of Sibi east of the Nari River. The mound is 8m high and covers approximately 12 acres (49,000 m$^2$). The site of Pirak was first reported by Robert Raikes in 1963. It was excavated, between 1968 and 1974, before the well known sites of Mehrgarh or Nausharo by the French archaeological mission team led by Jean Marie Casal. According to the excavator, this site was occupied from c.1800 BCE to 800 BCE.
Arranged alphabetically by author or source: A · B · C · D · E · F · G · H · I · J · K · L · M · N · O · P · Q · R · S · T · U · V · W · X · Y · Z · See also · External links

## A

* The evidence from Pirak is, till now, the best from any part of the whole Indus system during this period.
** Raymond and Bridget Allchin, The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan (Cambridge University Press, 1982), p. 234, on agricultural developments in the Indus valley during the second millennium BC

## E

* The Indo-Aryan invasion doesn’t get farther than Pirak in Baluchistan.
** Suffice it to quote Elst who has surveyed all the literature and says of B. Sergent's 1997 Genèse de l’ Inde, "the Indo-Aryan invasion doesn’t get farther than Pirak in Baluchistan”.
** Elst K, quoted from Kazanas, N. (2002). Indigenous Indo-Aryans and the Rigveda. Journal of Indo-European Studies, 30(3-4), 275-334.

## H

* In the case of Pirak, however, it must be admitted that the cultural innovations do not appear to be clearly Indo-European. Perhaps there was only indirect contact via other ethnic groups in Seistan.
** Hock, H. H. (2002). Wem gehört die Vergangenheit?: Früh-und Vorgeschichte und indische Selbstwahrnehmung. (p. 244)

## J

* [None of the transformations] can be explained in the context of invasions of semi-nomadic peoples coming from the [Central Asian] steppes. … How could this series of transformations be seriously attributed to Indo-Aryan invaders? … Nothing, in the present state of archaeological research … enables us to reconstruct convincingly invasions that could be clearly attributed to Aryan groups.
** Jarrige J-F 1995 Du néolithique à la civilisation de l’Inde ancienne. Arts Asiatiques L 5–29 . Quoted in Danino, M. (2019). Methodological issues in the Indo-European debate. Journal of Biosciences, 44(3), 68. See also Bryant, E. F. (2001). The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture : the Indo-Aryan migration debate. Oxford University Press.

## S

* If Pirak… represents the start of Indian culture, there is in the present state of Indian archaeology no ‘post-Pirak’ except at Pirak itself, which lasted till the 7th century BC: the site remained, along with a few very nearby ones, isolated.
** Bernard Sergent: Genèse de l’Inde, p.246-247., quoted in Elst, Koenraad (1999). Update on the Aryan invasion debate New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan.
# Vishwa Adluri

Vishwa Adluri specializes in Indian philosophy. He is a strong critic of the academic discipline of Indology.

## Quotes

* It is thus one of the ironies of history that a method that was to become such a core component of the methodological self-understanding of the textual sciences {Textwissenschaften) within the university not only had a theological origin but also was essentially theological: in spite of the name historical-critical method, what Semler was interested in was not history, but to identify that part of scripture that could be considered the pure Word of God.
** The Nay Science by Vishwa Adluri, Joydeep Bagchee
* Although German scholars claimed to take a scientific approach to the epic, their interpretations were at best tangential and at worst irrelevant to the text at hand. No German interpreter in a period extending one hundred years (i.e., if we take Lassen’s 1837 article on the Mahābhārata as the starting point and Hauer’s 1937 book on the Bhagavadgītā as the end point) had succeeded in presenting a coherent, philosophically illuminating interpretation of the Mahābhārata. The histories they presented of the epic existed nowhere else outside their own minds.
** quoted in Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
# Talmudic views on justice

The Talmud contains many passages on justice. Justice is a central theme in Judaism.

## Quotes

* כדתניא צדק צדק תרדף אחד לדין ואחד לפשרה
** B. Sanhedrin 32b:6
** Translation:
*** As it is taught in a baraita: When the verse states: "Justice, justice, shall you follow," one mention of "justice" is stated with regard to judgment and one is stated with regard to compromise.
**** The William Davidson Talmud

## See also

* Justice
* Talmud
# Richard Karl von Garbe

Richard Karl von Garbe (9 March 1857, Bredow, Szcezecin - 22 September 1927, Tübingen) was a German professor of philosophy, who made significant contributions to documenting and studying Indian philosophical texts and concepts.

## Quotes

* In Kapila's doctrine, for the first time in the history of the world, the complete independence and freedom of the human mind, its full confidence in its own powers, were exhibited.
** Galav, Philosophy of Hinduism: universal science-religion . {[II mtroduction [S.l.: s.n.], c1992. ISBN: 0964237709 p. 35, as quoted in Londhe, S. (2008). A tribute to Hinduism: Thoughts and wisdom spanning continents and time about India and her culture
* In the present day, the blood of the Hindus is without a doubt only Aryan to the smallest degree, and even the Brahman families have been starkly contaminated with barbarian blood.
** Richard Garbe, Indische Reiseskizzen (Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel, 1889), 86. quoted in Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
# Christian Lassen

Christian Lassen (22 October 1800 – 8 May 1876) was a Norwegian-born, German orientalist and Indologist. He was a professor of Old Indian language and literature at the University of Bonn.

## Quotes about Lassen

* In spite of his copious studies on the Mahābhārata, however, Lassen’s work was not especially innovative: once laid down, his basic views on the epic remained unchanged for nearly a quarter century. Later studies amplified and provided additional “ethnographic” evidence for views he had already articulated in his 1837 article, but they did not in any way question or otherwise critically illuminate the basis for these views. Regardless, Lassen’s pedantic, self-assured tone and the confidence with which he put forth speculative assertions about ancient India as established fact greatly impressed a generation of scholars. Albrecht Weber, Theodor Goldstücker, and Adolf Holtzmann Jr. all accepted his reconstructions of ancient Indian history and ethnography.
** Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
* There is little doubt that Lassen was one of the foremost theoreticians of race of the nineteenth century, responsible in large part for supplying the “historical” data that led to the creation of the “Āryan” race concept. This makes the present-day enthusiasm for him even more puzzling.
** Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
* The key role played by Lassen in the development of modern ideas of race is not a matter of dispute, but what is less often noted is the central role the Mahābhārata played in his reconstructions of ancient Indian history. If the racism of Gobineau is unimaginable without Lassen’s researches, it is equally true that Lassen’s researches are unimaginable without the Mahābhārata.
** Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
* The comprehensive picture of ancient Indian civilization that he was able to give meant that the Indians were now finally and "fully accepted" into the circle of ancient cultural peoples that were significant for the history of mankind and, as such, could be included in historical comparisons. The expansion of the historical-geographical horizon that Lassen's four volumes made possible was a very important step in the process of overcoming the old biblical view of history - after all, just twenty years earlier, like for Peter von Bohlen in his History of the Ancient World, only the old biblically relevant cultures of Egypt, Israel, Persia, Greece and Rome had been considered the roots of human culture.
** Schetelich, M. (2002). Bild, Abbild, Mythos-die Arier in den Arbeiten deutscher Indologen. " Arier" und" Draviden", 40-56. page 42
# Rudolf Otto

Rudolf Otto (25 September 1869 – 7 March 1937) was an eminent German Lutheran theologian, philosopher, and comparative religionist.

## Quotes

* These materials are found in India, in more primitive forms not merely as a late period but in the remotest pre-Christian Kausitakt Upanishad.
** Radhakrishnan, S Eastern religions and western thought Oxford, The Clarendon press, 1939. p. 161 as quoted in Londhe, S. (2008). A tribute to Hinduism: Thoughts and wisdom spanning continents and time about India and her culture
** about the idea of a Son of God, see Christ myth theory
* The Gītā, as it is present to us today, is a text in which the religion of a strictly personal god and of the faithful surrender to him in [the attitude of] Bhakti are peculiarly mixed and crossed with the theomonism and the ‘Advaita’ of Upanishadic speculation and which is simultaneously combined with the emergent systems of Sānkhya and Yoga. But Garbe has made it highly probable in his introduction to [his edition of] the Gītā that the present Gītā came about when an older, simpler, and more more equivocal work was defaced by insertions from Vedic priestly theology and changes in the text itself.
** quoted in Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
* The latter standpoint is my own. I am, in truth, earnestly convinced that Christianity, not in respect of its various historical accidental characteristics, which are disputable in manifold ways, but rather, in terms of its specific ideal content, in terms of its highly individual, typically characterized unique spirit [Sondergeiste] is decisively superior to the other particular forms of religion. . . .
** quoted in Adluri, V., & Bagchee, J. (2014). The nay science : a history of German Indology. Oxford University Press.
# Lu Ji (Shiheng)

Lu Ji (c. 261 – c. November 303), courtesy name Shiheng, was a Chinese essayist, military general, politician, and writer who lived during the late Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. He wrote much lyric poetry but is best remembered for the Wen fu (文賦; Essay on Literature), a piece of literary criticism that discourses on the principles of composition.

## Quotes
### Wen fu (文賦; Essay on Literature)

    Unless otherwise stated the translations used here are by Sam Hamill, and are taken from The Wen fu of Lu Chi (Portland, OR: Breitenbush Books, 1987)
* This may be easy to know, but it is difficult to put in practice.
** p. 9
* When cutting an axe handle with an axe, surely the model is at hand.
** p. 9
* He learns to recite the classics; he sings in the clear fragrance of the old masters He explores the treasures of the classics where form and content join.
** p. 10
* It is like following a branch to find the trembling leaves, like following a stream to find the spring.
** p. 12
* Caught between the unborn and the living, the writer struggles to maintain both depth and surface.
** p. 15
* Knowing order is like opening a dam in the river. Not knowing is like grabbing the tail to direct the head of the dragon.
** p. 17
* However the sentences branch and spread, they grow out of well-placed phrases.
** p. 19
* There are no new ideas, only those which rhyme with certain classics.
** p. 20
* A single note from the lute, however beautiful, is not music.
** p. 22
* The sleeves of dancers move with the melodies; the voices of singers rise and fall with the music. P'ien the Wheelwright tried to explain it, but couldn't; nor can the artificial flowers of critics describe it.
** p.24
* We carry the bucket from the well, but it is soon again empty.
** p. 25
* We hear the jade bell's laughter and think it laughs at us; for the poet there is terror in the dust.
** p. 25
* The dark inside of the mind lies hidden; thoughts must be brought like a child from the womb, terrified and screaming.
** p. 27
* Through letters there is no road too distant to travel, no idea too confusing to be ordered. It comes like rain from clouds; it renews the vital spirit. Inscribed on bronze and marble, it honours every virtue; it sings through flute and strings, and every day is made newer.
** p. 28

## External links

* 1991 translation of the Wen fu
# Raphael E. Cuomo

Raphael E. Cuomo (born 23 October 1988) is an American public health scientist, professor, and epidemiologist known for his contributions to cancer prevention, health policy, and global health.

## Quotes

* Care and concern for youth is more so an investment rather than a direct expense.
** Public Health Perceptions of American Youth (2011)
* Disparities in health outcomes underscore the need for equitable public health interventions that account for sociocultural dynamics and structural inequities.
** Cuomo et al., BMC Public Health (2021)
* The burden of disease stands squarely at the intersection of prevailing community behaviors and public health readiness.
** Cuomo, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health (2020)
* The federal government’s responsibility for the health of its citizens continues to be an issue in healthcare debates today.
** Public Health Perceptions of American Youth (2011)
* The social environment has a major influence on health behaviors that in turn are associated with risk for cancer.
** Cuomo et al., Ethnicity and Health (2022)
* The uneven affordability of essential cancer medications across regions illustrates the persistent challenge of ensuring equitable global health access.
** Cuomo et al., BMC Cancer (2017)
* Understanding life’s inherent propensity to preserve itself is quintessential to our understanding of even the most modern aspects of healthcare.
** Public Health Perceptions of American Youth (2011)

## See also

* Public health
* Epidemiology
* Cancer prevention
* Global health
* Health disparities

## External links

* Raphael E. Cuomo at UC San Diego
* Raphael E. Cuomo on ResearchGate
# Frank Mullen

Francis P. Mull Eugene Mullen (born January 2, 1970) is an American vocalist, best known as the former frontman for the New York technical death metal band Suffocation. He is one of the first vocalists to introduce low-pitched growling vocals into the death metal genre.

## Quotes about Frank Mullen

* [Mullen] has an unrepentant, one-dimensional approach to his vocal attack, never once veering from his trench-digging gutturals. He was among the first to implement the ultra-low style, aided by blocking off some of the mic ports in the early days to help muffle and muddy his sound.
** Graham Hartmann of Loudwire
# Ronald Crossland

Ronald Arthur Crossland (31 August 1920 – 29 January 2006) was an English classical scholar who was Professor of Greek at Sheffield University from 1958 to 1982. He was a leading expert on Hittite philology and linguistics.

## Quotes

* The role of the Indo-European peoples in the ancient world has been portrayed too often as the incarnation of northern virility sweeping down in massed chariots to bring new vigour to a decadent south.
** Crossland, R. A. 1971 “Immigrants from the North.” Chap. 28 of Cambridge Ancient History. 3d ed. Vol. 1, p art 2: 824—76. p 826 Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. quoted in Sir Edmund Leach. Aryan invasions over four millennia. In Culture through Time, Anthropological Approaches, edited by E. Ohnuki-Tierney, Stanford University Press, Stanford, 1990,
* It is disappointing to have to say that at present there seems to be no hope of estimating objectively and with a useful degree of precision how long an originally homogeneous Indo-European language would have taken to develop into derivative groups or languages which diverged as much as Greek, Sanskrit and Hittite did when the earliest texts in them were composed. Some linguists seem to think that they can make intuitive judgements about the minimum time which a particular phonetic or other change in a language would have taken. But the results of intuition when applied to estimating the minimum time in which a group of cognate languages or dialects would have differentiated to an observed extent vary so much that no useful deductions can be made from them. I sympathize with archaeologists and other prehistorians who are not primarily linguists over this. Linguists are unable to provide the information which would be most useful.
** Crossland, Ronald. 1972. "Recent Reappraisal of Evidence for the Chronology of the Differentiation of Indo-European." In Acta of the 2nd International Colloquium on Aegean Prehistory (46-55). Athens: Ministry of Culture and Science. Crossland (1972) quoted in Bryant, E. F. (2001). The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture : the Indo-Aryan migration debate. Oxford University Press. chapter 12
# Joseph Knight (vegetarian)

Joseph Knight (c.1854 – 1928) was an English activist and writer. He was an advocate for temperance and vegetarianism. Knight founded the Scottish Vegetarian Society and served as secretary of the Vegetarian Society. Additionally, he authored several pamphlets and articles on vegetarianism, and delivered lectures promoting the cause.

## Quotes

* Vegetarianism is a most simple thing, and I suppose it is because of its great simplicity that there exist so many misunderstandings about it. It is not an ideal in food and drink; it is an actuality which has proved widely beneficial; it is a reality, something which can be practiced—not something which can only be looked at with desire from a distance; but vegetarianism is a system or diet which leaves its adherents absolutely free, with one exception, to choose from all the entire range of food products which the world offers. The exception is that section of foods which are obtainable only by loss of life.
** "Vegetarianism". The Dental Headlight: A Quarterly Record of Dental Science. Vol. 10–12. 1889. pp. 75–76.
# Mathcore

Mathcore is a subgenre of hardcore punk and metalcore influenced by post-hardcore, extreme metal and math rock that developed during the 1990s. Bands in the genre emphasize complex and fluctuant rhythms through the use of irregular time signatures, polymeters, syncopations and tempo changes. Early mathcore lyrics were addressed from a realistic worldview and with a pessimistic, defiant, resentful or sarcastic point of view.

## Quotes about mathcore

* Mathcore [is] the sound of metal being twisted into startling new shapes.
** As quoted by Metal Hammer
# Jamey Jasta

James Shanahan (born August 7, 1977), known professionally as Jamey Jasta, is an American vocalist, best known as the lead singer of metalcore band Hatebreed and sludge metal band Kingdom of Sorrow. Jasta also fronts metalcore band Icepick.

## Quotes

* [Lambesis] cried on the show and stuff and really sold it, so people were like, ‘Fuck Jasta! He’s so insensitive! I can’t believe this!’ [...] I was one of the only people that publicly went against [Lambesis] and said it on multiple shows. Not a lot of people… I think I’m still, you could probably Google this, I’m still one of the only people that said, ‘No fuck this dude! It’s wack. He’s done. This is someone that should really be canceled’. And I swear, in one day I had maybe like 400 tweets where it was like, ‘Fuck you, Jasta, you never wanted to kill your wife?!?’… I was like, ‘No, I mean…’
** Jamey Jasta of Hatebreed on As I Lay Dying frontman Tim Lambesis, as quoted by MetalSucks
# Blamire Young

William Blamire Young (9 August 1862 – 14 January 1935), commonly known as Blamire Young, was an English-Australian artist and art critic. He painted primarily in watercolour.

## Quotes

* A mad little maid is Rose Madder, As bad as they make 'em and badder. At her window one night Was the scandalous sight Of a lad and, God help us, a ladder.
** Limerick included in a letter to R. H. Croll (c. 1928); reported in Croll's autobiography I Recall: Collections and Recollections (1939), ch. 10

## External links

* Encyclopedic article on Blamire Young on Wikipedia
# Robert Henderson Croll

Robert Henderson Croll (5 January 1869 – 18 October 1947) was an Australian writer, poet, bushwalker, and public servant.

## Quotes

* Whalers, damper, swag and nosebag, Johnny-cakes and billy-tea, Murrumburrah, Meremendicoowoke, Yoularbudgeree, Cattle-duffers, bold bushrangers, diggers, drovers, bush race-courses, And on all the other pages horses, horses, horses, horses.
** "Australia (In Contemporary Literature)", in Bookfellow, no. 5 (31 May 1899), p. 21
* As I came over Livingstone The day was like a flame, But suddenly I saw below, Far and far and far below, The shining roofs of Omeo, And said its singing name.
** "Omeo and Out Again (A Christmas Outing)", in The Open Road in Victoria: Being the Ways of Many Walkers, 2nd ed. (Melbourne: Robertson & Mullens Ltd., 1928)
* They ain't no blooming angels And they ain't no blackguards, too, But simply human beings Most remarkable like you.
** Paraphrasing Kipling's "Tommy", in Wide Horizons: Wanderings in Central Australia, 2nd ed. (1937), ch. 17

## See also

* Blamire Young

## External links

* Encyclopedic article on Robert Henderson Croll on Wikipedia
# Gabrielius Landsbergis

Gabrielius Landsbergis (born 7 January 1982) is a Lithuanian politician who currently serves as the 19th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania since 11 December 2020.

## Quotes

* We need to remind countries like China or any other country that would wish to use trade as a weapon that like-minded countries across the globe ... have tools and regulations that help withstand the coercion and not to give in to ... political and economic pressures.
** Gabrielius Landsbergis (2022) cited in: "Australia, Lithuania unite to counter China pressure" in Taipei Times, 10 February 2022.