OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thesis Writing Guide/Chapter 7: Results
## Statistical Analysis

* Precision and Recall https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall Precision, Recall, Accuracy, F1 Score
* Inter-rater reliability https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-rater_reliability
* Fleiss' kappa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleiss%27_kappa https://datatab.de/tutorial/fleiss-kappa
* Krippendorff's alpha https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krippendorff%27s_alpha https://real-statistics.com/reliability/interrater-reliability/krippendorffs-alpha/krippendorffs-alpha-basic-concepts/
# Thesis Writing Guide/Chapter 10: Conclusion

* Mirror of the Introduction
* Wraps everything important up
* Likely the first thing others will read after your Abstract
# Thesis Writing Guide/Chapter 6: Evaluation
## Survey
### Design

* NASA TLX Score https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA-TLX
* Scales of Measurement - Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, & Ratio Scale Data https://www.questionpro.com/blog/nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuBD49SFpWs
* Likert Scale https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likert_scale

### Usability

* https://www.ueq-online.org/
* https://en.ryte.com/wiki/System_Usability_Scale/
* https://www.invespcro.com/blog/usability-metrics/
# Caro-Kann Defence: Two Knights Attack

Black's two most common moves in this position are 3...Bg4 (the Mindeno Variation) and 3...dxe4.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation.
1. e4 c6 2. Nc3 d5 3. Nf3
| | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Mindeno Variation | ... Bg4 | h3 Bxf3 | Qxf3 | = |
| | ... dxe4 | Nxe4 Nf6 | Qe2 Nxe4 | Qxe4 Nd7 | d4 | = |
| | ... Nf6 | e5 Ne4 | Ne2 Qb6 | d4 e6 | ⩲ |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.
# Thesis Writing Guide/DE/LUH/DSDL

This module is part of the Thesis Writing Guide. It adds time and space sensitive context to the general rules presented there.

## Resources
### AI Tools

* https://www.uni-hannover.de/fileadmin/luh/content/online-lehre/LUH-Handreichung_KI-Studium_DE.pdf
* https://www.uni-hannover.de/fileadmin/luh/content/online-lehre/LUH-Handreichung_KI_DE.pdf
* https://www.uni-hannover.de/de/studium/lehre/planung-und-gestaltung/ki
* https://luhki.uni-hannover.de/login
* https://academiccloud.de/de/
# Gmail/Fuse

Overview — Introduction — Facts — Basics — Advanced — Last tips — Other
Although this is in murky waters with the GMail terms of use, it is possible to use GMail as a filesystem (the filesystem sends mail containing the file in question to GMail to store), and GMailFs is one such implementation of this. Also, there is an extension for Firefox called "GSpace" that does the same thing.
http://fuse.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/FileSystems
Gmailfs http://richard.jones.name/google-hacks/gmail-filesystem/gmail-filesystem.html
GSpace https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1593
Mount a Gmail Account as a FUSE Filesystem http://wiki.vpslink.com/index.php?title=Mount_a_Gmail_Account_as_a_FUSE_Filesystem
# Fijian/Alphabet and pronunciation

Fijian language uses the same Latin alphabet as English. The official Fijian alphabet consists of the same letters as English does.
The Fijian alphabet consists of 23 letters in the order as it follows:
A B C D E F G I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y
Letter H is also used, but only in loanwords and foreign proper names, and therefore is not included in the Fijian alphabet.
Letters X and Z are not used in the Fijian language. Dr and nr are used as well.
Fijian pronunciation is not very difficult for the English speakers to learn. The Fijian vowels are pronounced as they are written. However, some consonants are pronounced differently from English:
* B is pronounced "mb" as in 'bamboo'.
* C is a lisped "th" as in 'feather'.
* D is pronounced "nd" as in 'candy'.
* J is pronounced "nj" as in 'conjunction'.
* G is pronounced "ng" as in 'sing'.
* Q is pronounced "ng" as in 'mango'.
* DR and NR are pronounced "ndr" as in 'laundry' and are both considered a single letter.
The vowels and diphthongs are pronounced the same as those of Spanish. And the diphthongs are {|Ai|au|ei|Eu|oi|ou|}. The long vowels are marked with the only diacritic in the language, a ${\bar}$. And, the stress goes on the penultimate if it is short, and the ultimate if it is long or a diphthong.
# Abstract Algebra

This book is on abstract algebra (abstract algebraic systems), an advanced set of topics related to algebra, including groups, rings, ideals, fields, and more. Readers of this book are expected to have read and understood the information presented in the Linear Algebra book, or an equivalent alternative.

## Table of Contents

This book is part of a series on Algebra:
Basic Algebra Algebra Vectors Introductory Linear Algebra Linear Algebra Abstract Algebra Intro to Rings and Algebras Associative Composition Algebra
* Introduction
** Sets
** Equivalence relations and congruence classes
** Functions
** Binary Operations
** Linear Algebra
** Number Theory
* Group Theory
** Groups
** Subgroups
** Cyclic groups
** Permutation groups
** Homomorphism
** Normal subgroups and Quotient groups
** Products and Free groups
** Group actions on sets
** Composition series
** The Sylow Theorems
* Rings
** Rings
** Ring Homomorphisms
** Ideals
** Integral domains
** Fraction Fields
** Polynomial Rings
** Modules
** Projective line
* Fields
** Fields
** Factorization
** Splitting Fields and Algebraic Closures
** Separability, Normal Extensions
** Galois Theory
* Vector Spaces
** Vector Spaces
* Algebras
** Algebras
** Boolean algebra
** Clifford Algebras
** Shear and Slope
** Quaternions
** 2x2 real matrices
** 3x3 real matrices
** Hypercomplex numbers
* Further abstract algebra
** Category theory
** Lattice theory
** Matroids
* Authors

## Related books

* See Subject:Algebra

## Information for contributors

* Manual of Style

## Pages in progress

Abstract Algebra/The hierarchy of rings Abstract Algebra/Rings, ideals, ring homomorphisms
Sources
# Rugby Union/Scrum Half

The scrum half passes the ball from the back of the scrum to the fly half. He kicks very much and he also calls plays for the backs a lot. They are often the team captain.

## Responsibilities
### In the Scrum

* Put the ball in
* Throw the ball to the fly half
* Kick the ball from the scrum when they have to
* Tell the 8-man to "rush" the ball if they feel it is a good idea
* Attack the other scrum half if it is the other team's put-in

### In General Play

* Always speedy, runs the ball a lot
* Be in the back line
* Pass the ball out of rucks
* Be ready to tackle at all times

### In the Lineout

* Sometimes calls the play
* Gets the ball from the player that catches it
** They can run, pass, or kick the ball at that point
* Attack the other scrum half if it is the other team's throw-in
# NCEA Level 1 Science

    Cover
    Overview
Collaborative learning modules

### Nature of science

    1. Investigating in science
      * Develop and carry out more complex investigations, including using models.
      * Show an increasing awareness of the complexity of working scientifically, including recognition of multiple variables.
      * Begin to evaluate the suitability of the investigative methods chosen.

### Living world

Assessments
    2. Life processes
      * Relate key structural features and functions to the life processes of plants, animals, and micro-organisms and investigate environmental factors that affect these processes.
    3. Ecology
      * Investigate the impact of natural events and human actions on a New Zealand ecosystem.
    4. Evolution
      * Explore patterns in the inheritance of genetically controlled characteristics.
      * Explain the importance of variation within a changing environment.

### Planet earth and beyond

Assessments
    5. Earth systems
      * Investigate the external and internal processes that shape and change the surface features of New Zealand.
    6. Interacting systems
      * Develop an understanding of how the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere interact to cycle carbon around Earth.
    7. Astronomical systems
      * Investigate the interactions between the solar, lunar, and Earth cycles and the effect of these on Earth.

### Physical world

Assessments
    8. Physical inquiry and physics concepts
      * Investigate trends and relationships in physical phenomena (in the areas of mechanics, electricity, electromagnetism, heat, light and waves, and atomic and nuclear physics).
      * Demonstrate an understanding of physical phenomena and concepts by explaining and solving questions and problems that relate to straightforward situations.
    9. Using physics
      * Investigate how physics knowledge is used in a technological or biological application.

### Material world

Assessments
    10. Properties and changes of matter
      * Identify patterns and trends in the properties of a range of groups of substances, for example, acids and bases, metals, metal compounds, and hydrocarbons.
      * Explore factors that affect chemical processes.
    11. The structure of matter
      * Distinguish between atoms, molecules, and ions (includes covalent and ionic bonding).
      * Link atomic structure to the organisation of the periodic table.
      * Use particle theory to explain factors that affect chemical processes.
    12.Chemistry and society
      * Investigate how chemical knowledge is used in a technological application of chemistry.
# Machine Knitting
## Contents

* Preface
* Introduction
* Knitting samples
* Knitting to measure
* Edges
* Garment patterns
* Mounting
* Other garments
* Baby knitting
* Pattern knitting
* Problems with the knitting
* Examples of patterns
* Internet links

## Authors

* Gudde Fog
# World History/Napoleonic Europe and Reactionism

Maps | Resources | Contributors' Corner

## French Revolutionary Wars
### Overview

Unlike in America, the French Revolution (1789-1799) did not go well, for either side of the revolution. It was a time of great political upheaval and radical change. At the time of the revolution France was still firmly under a class system consisting of three states or etats, the aristocracy, the clergy and everybody else. This system meant that farming was still run on feudal lines, peasants work the land but ceased to be given any amount of protection from their overlords. This lead to major unhappiness and eventually a republic, a constitutional monarchy and finally an Empire the likes Europe would not see in terms of conquering power until the Second World War.

### Causes

Historians agree that a major cause of the revolution was economic. The struggle to match the economic power of other European power such as England caused massive famine and malnutrition due to rapid industrial expansion. Another major cause was the Seven Years War, which saw France booted out of both India and Quebec by the English. The French also supported the Americans in their revolution, pushing them further into bankruptcy. Despite the failing economy the nobility continued to consume high level goods, especially Marie-Antionette.(A commonly attributed unverified quote is "They can't afford bread? Let them eat cake!") The final reason was the enlightenment fever. After watching other countries change into constitutional monarchies or republics, peasants felt resentment towards their own absolute monarchy. They were not alone. A large percentage of rural clergymen hated their aristocratic bishops, Protestant minorities yearned for freedom from persecution, and the enlightenment thinkers who so longed for a democratic state which they could call their own

### Early Wars

France broke into revolution against the king, starting with the storming of the Bastille. The leaders of the rebellion quickly started to gain control of the government. That control was lost later
# Linux Basics/If you want to deal more with Linux

If you would like to to watch some Linux content on YouTube, I'd recommend DistroTube,Switched to Linux and ExplainingComputers. The last one it's not Linux oriented, but has some Linux content, I prefer Chris' channel.
It is also recommended to join some Telegram groups to get some help if you're stuck (most Linux distros have at least a few English language groups. Some local ones like there is an Ubuntu Hour community in Hungary which has its Telegram group), many Linuxers use this platform, although some like ArcoLinux's developer (Erik Dubois) use Discord as well.
In Hungary, members from FSF use a matrix server (matrix.grin.hu), to communicate with each other, and there is the PenguinPit Discord server for those who use Discord a lot.
This article from itsfoss.com contains 25 free Linux books to learn more. I also prefer The Linux Command Line which contains lots of knowledge in 555 pages. However, on Wikibooks, there are some Linux books here too. Check them out, maybe those get your attention.

## References

* ↑ https://arcolinux.info/
# OpenSCAD User Manual/SVG Import
## SVG Import

[Note: Requires version 2019.05]
OpenSCAD can import the geometric structure of SVG files.
Parameters

### file

    String. The name of the file to import.

### center

    Boolean. If set to true, the imported geometry is centered by bounding box of the geometry.

### dpi

    Double. Use this DPI ("dots per inch") value for calculating the size of the viewbox if no unit is given for width/height. If no width/height is given at all the viewbox is used instead (e.g. for files created with older versions of Adobe Illustrator). In this case, you can set the DPI to get the desired scaling. For example, if you want each unit in the SVG file to be 1 mm, then set dpi=25.4 (1 inch = 25.4 mm) to preserves the size of the SVG object in millimeters.
    If an absolute unit is given for width/height (px/pt/pc/in/mm/cm) in the SVG file, the DPI value is ignored.

### $fn

    Double. The number of polygon segments to use when converting circles, arcs, and curves to polygons. [Note: Requires version Development snapshot]

### $fa

    Double. The minimum angle step to use when converting circles and arcs to polygons. [Note: Requires version Development snapshot]

### $fs

    Double. The minimum segment length to use when converting circles and arcs to polygons. [Note: Requires version Development snapshot]

### id

    String. The id of an element or group to import. [Note: Requires version Development snapshot]

### layer

    String. The layer to import (Works with the way Inkscape labels its layers in the SVG files). [Note: Requires version Development snapshot]

### Limitations

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), as the name already implies, is designed to be a scalable graphics format targeting rendering on Web pages with support for interactivity and animation.
This means there are a number of features that do not translate well into the use as CAD format. Especially all animation features and most visual properties in the SVG file are ignored. In general the OpenSCAD SVG import extracts the core geometric information of the objects and transforms that into closed 2D polygons.
Main features not imported are:
* Text / Fonts
* Clipping and Masking
* Objects using templates
The $fn,$fa,$fs parameters can only increase resolution, not reduce it compared to the previously fixed resolution.

### ViewBox handling

The ViewBox attribute of the SVG file defines the initial coordinate system for displaying its content. The OpenSCAD import supports the tranformations including the preserveAspectRatio attribute. The article Understanding SVG Coordinate Systems and Transformations gives a nice introduction of how all combinations of the viewBox related attributes affect the display.

### Open and closed shapes

OpenSCAD handles only closed polygons, so importing lines or open polygons is not possible. Instead open polygons are treated as shapes defined by their stroke-width.
Closed shapes always use the geometric specification defined in their SVG, regardless of fill or stroke-width, except for closed polylines, which are treated as open polygons and defined by their stroke-width.
# Thesis Writing Guide/Publication
## Presentation

* As a rule of thumb, a slide takes 30 seconds to 2 minutes. If you have a 30-minute presentation, aim for 15 to 30 slides (not counting animation slides)
* Do not exceed the max time, but stay ~10% below it. 30 Minutes mean 25-30 is the ideal time to land.
* Do not include a "thank you for your attention" slide, but close on a conclusion slide, showing everything important to remember on one slide

### Practice
#### Take your presentation for a walk

If you want, you can download your presentation to your phone and just go for a walk, practicing it out loud. Taking this walk outside has the benefit of some fresh air and seeing something else, but speaking aloud might be a problem. If you practice in your room, you flip those up- and downsides, speaking freely without the fresh air. Either should work to give you a feeling of
* how long your segments will take,
* which parts need more dedicated explanation or can be cut entirely without loss, and finally
* confidence when you become less and less reliant on the actual slides to speak freely through your entire talk, since you already did it 10 times.

## Publication

* Repository
# Math for Non-Geeks/Template:Alternativer Beweis

Alternative proof
{{{beweis}}}
# Math for Non-Geeks/Template:Aufgabe

Exercise
{{{aufgabe}}}
# Math for Non-Geeks/Template:Aufgabe/Doku

Template:Codebeispiel
Template:TemplateData
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/William Henry Haire
### William Henry Haire
#### Potted Biography

* Haire or Murnane, William Henry - 1882(Vic)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XVA Adelaide (Adelaide City, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Flint and Steel Bay, NSW, 1933; Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1936-1937) - TroveTag: "XVA - William Henry Haire"

#### Comprehensive Biography

A comprehensive biography of William Henry Haire has not yet been prepared for this Wikibook, however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Research - William Henry Haire - Summary of research to date
* Transcriptions and Notes - William Henry Haire - More than 70 transcriptions (Reads like a biography)
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - William Henry Haire - Nothing uploaded as yet, but many photos available in Trove
* Incubator of Wikipedia Article on William Henry Haire - Coming real soon now!
Key internet links:
Nothing identified as yet
# Micronations/Starting your own micronation/Designing a flag and a coat of arms
## Designing your flag

Making a flag is probably one of the most important part in creating a micronation. Your flag is the face of your country, it must be simple, tidy, and meaningful. According to the North American Vexillological Association, the following are the 5 principles for making a good flag:
   * Keep It Simple. The flag should be so simple that a child can draw it from memory.
   * Use Meaningful Symbolism. The flag’s images, colors, or patterns should relate to what it symbolizes.
   * Use 2 or 3 Basic Colors. Limit the number of colors on the flag to three which contrast well and come from the standard color set.
   * No Lettering or Seals. Never use writing of any kind or an organization’s seal.
   * Be Distinctive or Be Related. Avoid duplicating other flags, but use similarities to show connections
Please remember that several micronations do not follow those rules. For example, the Principality of Seborga and Liberland both use seals on their flags. Nova Roma uses lettering on its flag. The flag of Akhzivland is definitely not simple enough for a child to draw from memory. Just keep your flag meaningful, and make sure you are glad with your results.

## Flags of Micronations

* Dominion of British West Florida
* Principality of Sealand
* Principality of Seborga
* Islands of Refreshment
* Grand Duchy of Westarctica
* The Free Republic of Liberland
* Nova Roma
* Ladonia
* Akhzivland
* Aerican Empire
* Republic of Molossia

## References

* ↑ How to make a micronation: Flags and Symbols
* ↑ Good Flag, Bad Flag | N.A.V.A
# Konkani/Colors

| Colours | Konkani Kannada | Konkani Roman | Konkani Devanagari |
| Black | ಕಾಳೊ | Kallem | काळो |
| White | ಧವೊ | Dhovem | धवो |
| Red | ತಾಂಬ್ಡೊ | Tambddo | ताम्ब्डो |
| Green | ಪಾಚ್ವೊ | Pachvo | पाच्वो |
| Blue | ನಿಳ್ಸೊ | Nillo | निळो |
| Violet | ಜಾಂಬ್ಳಿ | Zambllem | |
| Pink | ಗುಲಾಬಿ | Gulabi | गुलालि |
| Grey | ಗೊಬ್ರಾಳಿ | Gobrem | गोबरा बंणु |
| Scarlet | ತಾಂಬ್ಶೆಂ | | |
| Brown | ಥಾಪ್ಕಿರಿ | Kabrem |
| Golden | ಭಾಂಗ್ರಾಳ್ | Bhangrallem | |
| Yellow | ಹಳ್ದುವೊ | Hollduvem | हळदुवो |
| Orange | ಸೊನಾರಂಗ್/ಚಿತುರ್ಲಿ | Narangi | नारंगी |
# PHP Programming/Editors

For reviews of numerous PHP editors, see PHP-editors.
* BBedit, Programmers Code Editor made by Bare Bones Software (Mac OS X)
* Bluefish - PHP Open Source editor (Linux/Unix)
* Codelobster PHP Edition - free portable PHP IDE with support Drupal, Joomla, Smarty, JQuery, CodeIgniter, CakePHP, Symfony, Yii and WordPress. (Windows)
* Dev-PHP - Full-featured IDE for PHP (Windows)
* Dreamweaver - PHP/HTML/CFML Integrated Developer Environment (Windows/Mac OS X)
* Emacs - Emacs is the extensible, customizable, self-documenting real-time display editor. Supports PHP by php-mode.el (Most platforms) (GPL License)* gPHPEdit - PHP/HTML For the GNOME Desktop (Linux)
* Enginsite - Fully loaded with just about everything that you would expect from a modern software development environment (Windows)
* Kantharos IDE - Rapid php scripting with built in debugger (Windows)
* Komodo IDE - IDE for PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby, Javascript and others. (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)
* Jedit - Open Source editor that has many PHP-centric plugins available such as error checking, ftp & structure browser (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)
* KDevelop - Integrated Development Environment (Linux/Unix)
* Kate - Supports a variety of network protocols transparently, kde style - lighter than KDevelop (Linux/Unix)
* NetBeans PHP IDE - NetBeans PHP IDE (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)
* Notepad - The built-in editor in Windows.
* Notepad++ - A great upgrade to Notepad, brings many new features.
* NuSphere PhpED - PHP IDE with support for HTML, CSS, XML, SMARTY, XHTML and other with a powerful debugger. (Windows/Linux)
* PHP Designer - Free (deprecated) PHP editor (Windows)
* PHPEclipse - PHP module for Eclipse IDE (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)
* PHPEdit - A nice PHP Editor for Windows (Windows)
* PHPRunner - Wizard-based interface development (Windows)
* PhpStorm - Commercial feature-rich PHP IDE from JetBrains (Windows/Mac OS X/Linux).
* Quanta Plus - KDE based editor, supporting PHP and other markup languages (Linux) (GPL License)
* SciTE - Scintilla-based editor (Windows/Linux)
* Taco HTML Edit - PHP/HTML editor with live previews of generated pages (Mac OS X)
* TextMate - Programmers code and markup editor with support for PHP (Mac OS X)
* Trustudio - PHP IDE built on Eclipse (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)
* Vim - Terminal-based text editor, supporting PHP markup (Most platforms) (GPL License)
* Weaverslave - Open source editor, supporting PHP and other markup languages (Open Source) (Windows) (Custom License)
* Zend - Zend Development Environment by Zend - The PHP company (Windows/Linux/Mac OS X)