OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Openbravo POS/Left Menu
## Overview

This page is dedicated to the menu on the left side of the screen when LibrePOS is running.
My idea is that each item has helpful information (including answers to forum questions) so do please add information or change layout as you see fit
There are three sections:
* Principal
* Administration
* System

## Principal

* Sales
* Edit Sales
* Payments
* Close Cash
* Cash Closed

## Administration
### Stock
#### Maintenance

* Product
* Categories
* Taxes
* Stock Diary

#### Reports

* Products
* Catalog
* Warehouses
* Current inventory
* Current inventory broken
* Inventory diary
* Sales
* Configuration

## System

* Change Password
* Local Properties
* Printer
* Exit
# Openbravo POS/Developer guide/Database Diagram

To edit this diagram, download Adrian's xml description and open it with DBDesigner. http://fabforce.net/dbdesigner4/
Sidenote: Adrian says this diagram may not be up to date as of December 27, 2005. Source: https://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?thread_id=1402802&forum_id=434921
# Openbravo POS/Developer guide/SQL Queries

Postgres
Total Sales Per Date:
Totals per product, per date, within a date range:
Reset Database without removing products
MySQL
# Pinyin/Low

See also
# Pinyin/Longer life

Search Pinyin life
# Pinyin/Long thin

See also
# Pinyin/Longer

See also
# Pinyin/Love

Search Pinyin love
English-Pinyin version
《Love》
《Ài》
Love, is the sunshine in winter.
Ài, shì dōngtiān de yángguāng.
Love, is the autumn harvest.
Ài, shì qiūtiān de fēngshōu.
Love, is the cool wind in summer.
Ài, shì xiàtiān de liángfēng.
Love, is the rain in spring.
Ài, shì chūntiān de xìyǔ.
The love of the four seasons, always accompanies me.
Chūnxiàqiūdōng de ài, shíshí bànwǒxíng.
# Pinyin/Low point

Search point
# Pinyin/Lower

See also
# Pinyin/Lower Leg

See also
# Outsourcing/Bibliography
## Outsourcing

* Oshri Ilan, Kotlarsky Julia and Willcocks Leslie (authors) The Handbook of Global Outsourcing and Offshoring, Palgrave McMillan, (2009) ISBN 978-0-230-23550-2.
* Peter Bendor-Samuel (author), Turning Lead Into Gold: The Demystification of Outsourcing (2000), ISBN 1-890009-87-3
* Ashok Deo Bardhan and Cynthia Kroll, The New Wave of Outsourcing (2003).
* Peter Brudenall (editor), Technology and Offshore Outsourcing Strategies (2005), ISBN 1-4039-4619-1
* Lou Dobbs, Exporting America Why Corporate Greed is Shipping American Jobs Overseas, 2004 ISBN 0-446-57744-8
* Christopher M. England, Outsourcing the American Dream, October 2001, Writer's Club Press, ISBN 0-595-20148-2
* Georg Erber, Aida Sayed-Ahmed, Offshore Outsourcing - A Global Shift in the Present IT Industry , in: Intereconomics, Volume 40, Number 2, March 2005, S. 100 - 112,
* Gary Gereffi and Vivek Wadhwa, Framing the Engineering Outsourcing Debate: Placing the United States on a Level Playing Field with India and China (2006).
* Thomas L. Friedman, The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century 2005 ISBN 0-374-29288-4
* Ron Hira and Anirl Hira, with forward by Lou Dobbs Outsourcing America, What's Behind our national crisis and how we can reclaim American Jobs 2005 ISBN 0-8144-0868-0
* Mark Kobayashi-Hillary. 2004. (2nd ed 2005) Outsourcing to India. ISBN 3-540-23943-X.
* William Lazonick, Globalization of the ICT Labor Force, in: The Oxford Handbook on ICTs, eds. Claudio Ciborra, Robin Mansell, Danny Quah, Roger Solverstone, Oxford University Press, (forthcoming)
* Baziotopoulos A. Leonidas (2006), "Logistics Innovation and Transportation", Work-in-Progress Conference paper, EuroCHRIE Thessaloniki, 2006.
* Catherine Mann, Accelerating the Globalization of America: The Role for Information Technology, Institute for International Economics, Washington D.C., June 2006, , ISBN paper 0-88132-390-X
* Stephen Haag, Maeve Cummings, Donald J. McCubbrey, Alain Pinsonneault, Richard Donovan "Management Information Systems For The Information Age", 2006, McGraw-Hill Ryerson, ISBN 0-07-095569-7
* National Academy of Public Administration. (2006). "Off-Shoring: An Elusive Phenomenon". Report for the U.S. Congress and the Bureau of Economic Analysis: Washington.
* McDonald, SM and Jacobs, TJ (2005) Brand Name ‘India’: The Rise of Outsourcing, Int. J. Management Practice, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp.152-174.
* Toledo, Mario, Outsourcing and Offshoring: Companies immerged in a complex environment,, Institute of Technology and Innovation Management Project Work, Hamburg University of Technology.
# Overcoming Procrastination

Authors · History · Print version
This book is about the problem procrastination or "task aversion". Procrastination is a big problem in today's world. This book includes a large chapter about how to eliminate procrastination.

### Contents

* Introduction
* Consequences
* Characteristics
* Causes
* Eliminating Procrastination
* Chronic Procrastination
* Resources
# University Courses
## United Kingdom
### Undergraduate

* Coventry University Business Economics (BA Honours degree)
* Manchester University Information Technology Management for Business (BSc)

### Post-graduate

* University of Northampton IT Service Management (MSc)

## United States of America (USA)
### Post-graduate

Keller Graduate School of Management Information Systems Management (MSc)

## References

* ↑ Godwin, B. (2007)Universities and employers back new business-focused IT degrees www.computerweekly.com
* ↑ McCue , A. (2006) UK's first computer hacking degree launched www.silicon.com
# Outsourcing/Introduction
## Definition

Outsourcing is the process of contracting out a specific task or function to a third party, rather than performing it in-house. This can be done for a variety of reasons, such as to reduce costs, gain access to specialized expertise, or free up internal resources for other tasks.
The global outsourcing market is dominated by two sub-industries: IT outsourcing (ITO) and business process outsourcing (BPO).

## Business Functions

* Accounting and finance
* Human Resources
* Customer service
* IT support
* Manufacturing
* Marketing and Sales
* Research and development
* Web development
* Shipping and Logistics

## Outsourcing relationship management (ORM)

ORM is the business discipline widely adopted by companies and public institutions to manage one or more external service providers as part of an outsourcing strategy. ORM is a broadly used term that encompasses elements of organizational structure, management strategy and information technology infrastructure.
# Outsourcing/Solution Taxonomy

A taxonomy is a classification of things, as well as to the principles underlying such a classification. This is a taxonomy for the classification of the elements that make-up an outsourcing solution. The taxonomic scheme will be used to correlate with the skills and competencies required to develop and deliver the solutions. The taxonomy will have a hierarchical structure with the top level consisting of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), Infrastructure and Technology Outsouricng (ITO) and Transactional Outsourcing (TO).

## Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)

Front-office BPO: This includes customer-facing processes, such as customer service, sales, and marketing.
Back-office BPO: This includes non-customer-facing processes, such as accounting, finance, and human resources.

## Front office

Customer relationship management (CRM)
* Customer service, sales and marketing
Technical support / Help desk

## Back Office

* Accounting
** Bookkeeping
** Payroll processing
** Tax preparation
* Finance
** Financial reporting
** Accounts payable and receivable
** Treasury management
* Human resources
** Recruiting
** Onboarding
** Payroll processing
Professional Employment Organization
PEO is an outsourcing firm that provides services to small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs). Typically, the PEO offering may include human resource consulting, safety and risk mitigation services, payroll processing, employer payroll tax filing, workers' compensation insurance, health benefits, employers' practice and liability insurance, 401k, regulatory compliance assistance, workforce management technology, and training and development.
Knowledge Process Outsourcing
KPO services include all kinds of research and information gathering. intellectual property research for patent applications; equity research, business and market research, legal and medical services; training, consultancy, and research and development in fields such as pharmaceuticals and biotechnology; and animation and design, etc.

## Infastructure and Technology Outsourcing

Infrastructure and technology outsourcing (ITO) is the process of transferring the responsibility for managing and delivering an organization's IT infrastructure and technology services to a third-party provider. Information technology (IT)
* Data center management
* Application development
* Network administration
* Security management
* Cloud computing
* Business continuity planning
# Overcoming Procrastination/Causes

Procrastination is always based on a dysfunctional worldview, such as that "short term relief or pleasure is better than sacrifice for long-term rewards," along with irrational disregard for negative consequences. The procrastinator fails to engage in the appropriate course of action either due to a distraction of some sort or an inadequacy in their own behavior. Various distractions and incompetencies that can cause procrastination include, but are not limited to:
* Addiction
* Anxiety and fear
* Arrogance, pride
* Aversion
* Bad habits
* Discouragement
* Disorganization
* Distraction
* Family problems
* Fear of failure
* Feeling overwhelmed
* Frustration
* Guilt
* Ill-conceived goals and unconscious motives
* Indecision
* Lack of awareness
* Lack of morals
* Lack of time management skills
* Low ambition
* Low frustration tolerance
* Low self-esteem
* Low tolerance to stress
* Objective conflict (competing goals)
* Paranoia
* Perception of difficulty
* Phobia
* Poor attitude
* Poor self-control skills
* Poor study skills
* Rebellion
* Resentment
* Self-centeredness
* Self-deception
* Uncertainty

### Expectancy-Value Theory

    Laziness pays off today, work only tomorrow.
In motivational psychology, a mathematical formula can be used to determine what task should be pursued first. According to this model, we complete first those tasks which have the highest "usefulness"-value. This model is able to explain why we would rather be watching our favorite television program than writing the soon to be due term paper from your hardest college class, and it says that everybody is procrastinating, although each of us to differing degrees.
$U={\frac {P\times V}{D}}$
where
    U = the usefulness of the task.
    P = Probability of profiting from the task
    V = Value of the profit gained from the task
    D = Delay between doing the task and receiving the reward for it
This formula is saying that, we (generally speaking) tend to prefer (depending on an individualized perception and perspective, that can not be fully generalized but can be normalized in test trials):
* immediate rewards over delayed benefits
* bigger rewards over smaller prizes
* sure rewards over rewards that are only probable
The important question now is: Under what circumstances would someone put off their work? If the increase in U would be significant (e.g. when P, V or both values are high), every procrastinator stops procrastinating. By introducing an additional factor to the equation (S, the sensitivity of the subject toward the delay between action and reward), the behavior of different people could be compared.
# Overcoming Procrastination/Consequences

Some of the Consequences:
# Meroitic

This book is a short guide on the Meroitic language intended for those who would like to translate from that language.
Meroitic is a dead language once spoken in the land of Kush in what is today southern Egypt and northern Sudan. It was used in writing from the 3rd century BCE to the 4th century CE. It is presumed to have gone extinct sometime after its last attestation in the late 4th century. The language was displaced in that region by Coptic and Old Nubian.
Meroitic is known from several hundred texts, the overwhelming majority being funerary tablets. The remainder consists of royal stelae, captions to works of art, ostraca, graffiti and temple inscriptions. Three substantive texts of historiographical interest exist: the "Kharamadoye inscription" from Kalabsha, the "Great Stele of Akinadd" from Hamadab and the "Taneyidamani inscription" from Jebel Barkal.
This guide will follow the outline of the language set in Francis Llewellyn Griffith's "Karanog IV: The Meroitic Inscriptions of Karanog and Shablul", published in 1911, and now in the public domain. That book serves as a an adequate introduction to the language and gives treatment to Meroitic funerary stele and ostraca from Karanog, Shablul, cataloged as REMs 201> <400. The book repeatedly makes references to Griffith's earlier treatment of Meroitic from Arika.
This guide will apply the Saharan theory but it will also prove useful to those translating according to Northern Eastern Sudanic and Afro-Asiatic grammarticalisations of the language. The first few lessons are universal as they deal with the language's inherent features.

## Before beginning

To view characters encoded in Meroitic cursive and hieroglyphic as well as other missing Unicode characters you will need to install a font such as Unifont.

## Lessons

* Lesson 1: Phonology and Orthography

## Appendices

* Vocabulary
# Meroitic/Lesson1/Phonology and Orthography
## Orthography

| Demotic | 𐦠 | 𐦡 | 𐦢 | 𐦣 | 𐦤 | 𐦥 | 𐦦 | 𐦧 | 𐦨 | 𐦩 | 𐦪 | 𐦫 | 𐦬 | 𐦭 | 𐦯 | 𐦱 | 𐦲 | 𐦳 | 𐦮 | 𐦴 | 𐦵 | 𐦶 | 𐦷 |
| Hieroglyphic | 𐦀 | 𐦁 | 𐦂 | 𐦃 | 𐦄 | 𐦅 | 𐦆 | 𐦈 | 𐦉 | 𐦊 | 𐦌 | 𐦏 | 𐦐 | 𐦑 | 𐦓 | 𐦕 | 𐦖 | 𐦗 | 𐦒 | 𐦘 | 𐦚 | 𐦜 | 𐦝 |
| Reference No. | A1 | H6 | A30 | F1 | M17 | V4 | E1 | Q3 | G17 | N35 | M23 | D21 | E22 | AA1 | M8 | R34 | G39 | N29 | W11 | V13 | O4 | F16 | D4 |
| Conventional transliteration | a | e | i | o | y | w | b | p | m | n | ne | r | l | ḫ | s | se | k | q | h̲ | t | te | to | d |
| Unicode Name | a | e | i | o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | na | ne | ra | la | kha | sa | se | ka | qa | hh | ta | te | to | da |
| Karanog IV | a | e | i | ê | y | w | b | p | m | n | ñ | r | l | ḫ | š | s | k | q | h̲ | t | te | tê | z |
| Rowan | a | ə | i | o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | ne | n | ra (1) | la | cha | s | se | ka | qa | kh | te | t | tu | ra ~ da |
| Rilly | a or u | e, ə or no vowel | i | u ~ o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | na | ne ~ nə ~ n | ra | la | ɣa | sa | se ~ sə ~ s | ka | ​kᵂa | ɣᵂa | ta | te ~ tə ~ t | tu~to | ra |
| Saharan transliteration | a (ɔ) | ø (no or weak vowel) | e | i | y | w | b | f | m | n | nø | r | l | j (ɟ) | s | sø | c | k | g | t | tø | ti | d |
The Meroitic script has 4 vowel signs: a, e, i, o, 15 open consonant signs and 4 closed consonant signs (se, ne, te, to). The vowel "a" can only occur at the start of a word. e and i can only start words in early Meroitic. Otherwise, words always start with a consonant sign.
ɣ (voiced velar fricative), c (voiceless palatal stop) and j (voiced palatal stop) are all foreign sounds to English. The Meroitic l and w are phonetically different from their English counterparts.
There are different approaches to actually vocalizing Meroitic.

### Traditional Approach

The Meroitic script can be read as a strict alphasyllabary. This means consonant signs open syllables and vowels close them. An closed consonant already has an inherent vowel and so cannot be followed by a vowel sign.
Examples
* abr /abara/ - "man"
* mk /maka/ - "god"
* ant /anata/ - "priest"
* perite /perite/ - "agent"
The traditional approach prevailed because Meroitic remained a poorly undeciphered language. It allowed for easy, speculative vocalization that was not expected to reflect how the language was actually pronounced. One problem with the traditional approach is that it does not allow words to end with a consonant sound although we know for a fact that some Meroitic place names did end in consonants. Better approaches were developed from expert study of Meroitic words and names with known Greek, Coptic and Egyptian translations.
# Mercury Programming/Types
## Types
### Char

A value of type 'char' is a single unicode character (implemented using UTF8 encoding and so may occupy 1 to 4 bytes). There are several ways to specify a 'char' as a literal value:
* As an ordinary character between single quotes, for example 'a' - unless:
** the character is a single quote, in which case use 4 single quotes: '''', or use 3 single quotes and with a backslash as the second character: '\''.
** the character is a backslash, in which case use 2 backslashes between single quotes: '\\'.
** the character is the double quote, in which case put it between single quotes: '”', or give it a leading backslash and put them between single quotes: '\”'.
* As a hexadecimal value giving the Unicode code point (see Unicode) of the required character; the hexadecimal value must have a leading 'x', placed between '\' characters, which are in turn placed between single quotes, for example '\x63\' (equivalent to the character 'c').
* As an octal value giving the Unicode code point of the required character; the octal value must be placed between '\' characters, which are in turn placed between single quotes, for example '\251\' (equivalent to the character '©').
* As a 4 digit hexadecimal value giving the Unicode code point of the required character; the value must be prefixed with '\u', and the result placed between single quotes, for example '\u00B5' (equivalent to the Greek lower case character μ).
* As an 8 digit hexadecimal value giving the Unicode code point of the required character; the value must be prefixed with '\U', and the result placed between single quotes, for example '\U000000B1' (equivalent to the character '±'). Note that the highest allowed value is '\U0010FFFF'.
* Several special characters can be specified as shown in the table below:
| Character | Specified Using |
| beep | '\a' |
| backspace | '\b' |
| carriage return | '\r' |
| form feed | '\f' |
| tab | '\t' |
| new line | '\n' |
| vertical tab | '\v' |
A simple Mercury program demonstrating 'char' literals is in Section A.1
# Meroitic/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Meroitic

# Lesson1/Meroitic/Phonology and Orthography
## Orthography

| Demotic | 𐦠 | 𐦡 | 𐦢 | 𐦣 | 𐦤 | 𐦥 | 𐦦 | 𐦧 | 𐦨 | 𐦩 | 𐦪 | 𐦫 | 𐦬 | 𐦭 | 𐦯 | 𐦱 | 𐦲 | 𐦳 | 𐦮 | 𐦴 | 𐦵 | 𐦶 | 𐦷 |
| Hieroglyphic | 𐦀 | 𐦁 | 𐦂 | 𐦃 | 𐦄 | 𐦅 | 𐦆 | 𐦈 | 𐦉 | 𐦊 | 𐦌 | 𐦏 | 𐦐 | 𐦑 | 𐦓 | 𐦕 | 𐦖 | 𐦗 | 𐦒 | 𐦘 | 𐦚 | 𐦜 | 𐦝 |
| Reference No. | A1 | H6 | A30 | F1 | M17 | V4 | E1 | Q3 | G17 | N35 | M23 | D21 | E22 | AA1 | M8 | R34 | G39 | N29 | W11 | V13 | O4 | F16 | D4 |
| Conventional transliteration | a | e | i | o | y | w | b | p | m | n | ne | r | l | ḫ | s | se | k | q | h̲ | t | te | to | d |
| Unicode Name | a | e | i | o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | na | ne | ra | la | kha | sa | se | ka | qa | hh | ta | te | to | da |
| Karanog IV | a | e | i | ê | y | w | b | p | m | n | ñ | r | l | ḫ | š | s | k | q | h̲ | t | te | tê | z |
| Rowan | a | ə | i | o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | ne | n | ra (1) | la | cha | s | se | ka | qa | kh | te | t | tu | ra ~ da |
| Rilly | a or u | e, ə or no vowel | i | u ~ o | ya | wa | ba | pa | ma | na | ne ~ nə ~ n | ra | la | ɣa | sa | se ~ sə ~ s | ka | ​kᵂa | ɣᵂa | ta | te ~ tə ~ t | tu~to | ra |
| Saharan transliteration | a (ɔ) | ø (no or weak vowel) | e | i | y | w | b | f | m | n | nø | r | l | j (ɟ) | s | sø | c | k | g | t | tø | ti | d |
The Meroitic script has 4 vowel signs: a, e, i, o, 15 open consonant signs and 4 closed consonant signs (se, ne, te, to). The vowel "a" can only occur at the start of a word. e and i can only start words in early Meroitic. Otherwise, words always start with a consonant sign.
ɣ (voiced velar fricative), c (voiceless palatal stop) and j (voiced palatal stop) are all foreign sounds to English. The Meroitic l and w are phonetically different from their English counterparts.
There are different approaches to actually vocalizing Meroitic.

### Traditional Approach

The Meroitic script can be read as a strict alphasyllabary. This means consonant signs open syllables and vowels close them. An closed consonant already has an inherent vowel and so cannot be followed by a vowel sign.
Examples
* abr /abara/ - "man"
* mk /maka/ - "god"
* ant /anata/ - "priest"
* perite /perite/ - "agent"
The traditional approach prevailed because Meroitic remained a poorly undeciphered language. It allowed for easy, speculative vocalization that was not expected to reflect how the language was actually pronounced. One problem with the traditional approach is that it does not allow words to end with a consonant sound although we know for a fact that some Meroitic place names did end in consonants. Better approaches were developed from expert study of Meroitic words and names with known Greek, Coptic and Egyptian translations.
# Message-Passing Interface/MPI function reference

This page lists brief explanations for the functions used in MPI.
This sends the contents of buf to the destination of rank dest while the receiving end calls MPI_Recv.
This fills the buf with data comming from to the source of rank source while the sender calls MPI_Send.
This sends the contents of buffer on root to all other processes. So afterwards the first count elements of buffer is the same across all nodes.
The performance of MPI_Bcast can be between $O(N)$ and $O(\log _{2}N)$.

## MPI 2.0 Connection commands

This creates a port to which other processes can connect. The buffer passed as port_name string must be at least MPI_MAX_PORT_NAME long and will contain a unique identifier which other processes will need to know in order to connect.
After calling MPI_Open_port, this function waits for a connection.
This opens a connection to another process which is waiting on MPI_Comm_accept. The port_name argument must be the same as the result of the other process's port_name returned from MPI_Open_port.

## Reduction

The following functions reduce arrays of data across processors to scalars on one or many processors by applying simple functions such as summation.
See .
This performs an operation specified by MPI_Op on all nodes to each node's sendbuf. For example, if node 0 had {0, 1, 2} and node 1 had {3, 4, 5} in its sendbuf, respectively, and if both called MPI_Allreduce(sendbuf, foo, 3, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, world), the contents of the buffer pointed to by foo on both would be
    {0+3, 1+4, 2+5} = {3, 5, 7}
Performance for P processes: $O(N\log P)$.
MPI_Comm_split creates a new communicator in each process. The resulting communicators are common to the processes that provided the same color argument. Processes can opt not to get a communicator by providing MPI_UNDEFINED as the color, which will produce MPI_COMM_NULL for that process.
For example, the following code splits MPI_COMM_WORLD into three communicators "colored" 0, 1, and 2.
Run with eight processes, this output the following (in undefined order):

## Nonblocking asynchronous communication

The following functions work together to allow nonblocking asynchronous communications among processes. One process sends while another receives. The sender must must check that the operation is complete before erasing the buffer. MPI_Wait is a blocking wait whereas MPI_Test is nonblocking.
MPI_Isend and MPI_Irecv calls need not be in order. That is, process 42 could call MPI_Irecv three times to begin receiving from processes 37, 38, and 39 which can send at their leisure.
Example code:

## [Other functions]

* request);

## External links

* An excellent explanation of MPI semantics
* “Collective Communication” by Dr. Dave Ennis
# Ordinary Differential Equations/Higher Degrees

$({dy \over dx})^{n}+F_{1}(x,y)({dy \over dx})^{n-1}+...+F_{n-1}(x,y)({dy \over dx})+F_{n}(x,y)$
can theoretically be factored into
$({dy \over dx}-r_{1}(x,y))({dy \over dx}-r_{2}(x,y))...({dy \over dx}-r_{n}(x,y))$
Then any solution for the individual factors will be a solution to the whole equation. The general equation can be found to be the product of the solutions.