# E-Commerce and E-Business/Notes
## Notes

1 Anita Rosen, The E-commerce Question and Answer Book (USA: American Management Association, 2000), 5.
2 MK, Euro Info Correspondence Centre (Belgrade, Serbia), “E-commerce-Factor of Economic Growth;” available from http://www.eicc.co.yu/newspro/viewnews.cgi?newsstart3end5; Internet; accessed 25 September 2002.
3 Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Measuring Electronic Business: Definitions, Underlying Concepts, and Measurement Plans.
4 Definition adapted and expanded from Emmanuel Lallana, Rudy Quimbo, Zorayda Ruth Andam, ePrimer: An Introduction to eCommerce (Philippines: DAI-AGILE, 2000), 2.
5 Ibid.
6 Lallana, Quimbo, Andam, 4. Cf. Ravi Kalakota and Andrew B. Whinston, Electronic Commerce: A Manager’s Guide (USA: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 1997), 19-20.
7 Lallana, Quimbo, Andam, 4.
8 Breakdown of the International Data Corp.
9 “E-commerce/Internet: B2B: 2B or Not 2B?” (Goldman Sachs Investment Research, November 1999), v. 1.1, 16,68-71.
10 Ibid.
11 Kalakota and Whinston, 18-19.
12 Lallana, Quimbo, Andam, 4.
13 To be discussed in the succeeding sections of this primer.
14 Kalakota and Whinston, 20-21.
15 TA Project, “E-commerce;” available from http://www.tab.fzk.de/en/projekt/skizze/ecommerce.htm; Internet; accessed 26 September 2002.
16 Traderinasia.com; available from http://www.traderinasia.com/classifieds.html; Internet; accessed 26 September 2002.
17 whatis.com, searchWebServices.com; available from http://whatis.com/
18 Cf. Kalakota and Whinston, 7-11.
19 Cf. Business Software Alliance, eCommerce and Developing Markets, 17-18.
20 For a more extensive discussion on convergence, refer to Edwin S. Soriano, Nets, Webs, and The Information Infrastructure.
21 Lallana, Quimbo, Andam, 13.
22 Adapted from the inputs and comments on this primer of Mr. Chris Coward.
23 Industry Canada, Canada’s Business and Consumer Site; available from http:// strategis.gc.ca; accessed 26 September 2002..
24 Ibid.
25 Lallana, Quimbo and Andam, 2.
26 Michael Chait, “Is the Dot Com Bust Coming to an End?” (July 8, 2002); available from http://www.Internetnews.com/bus-news/article.php/1381331; accessed 26 September 2002.
27 Reshma Kapadia, “What caused the dot-com bust?”; available from http://www.news24.com/News24/Technology/0,1113,2-13_1142765,00.html; accessed 26 September 2002.
28 Reid Goldscborough, “Viewpoint-Personal Computing: Forget The Dot-Com Bust, There’s Still Money To Be Made;” available from http://www.industryweek.com/Columns/Asp/columns.asp?ColumnId=881; accessed September 26, 2002.
29 whatis.com, searchEBusiness.com.
30 Ibid.
31 Lynda M. Applegate, excerpts form the E-business Handbook (The St. Lucie Press, 2002); available from http://hbswk.hbs.edu/tools/print_item.jhtml?id=3007&t=ecommerce; accessed 26 September 2002.
32 Network economies of scale are attained when an aggregate of firms or organizations share a common infrastructure, capabilities and client base for faster, better and more cost-efficient production and distribution of products and services.
33 Network economies of scope allow firms and/or organizations within the same network/ virtual community to share the infrastructure for the production and distribution of new products and services and for creating and/or entering new markets or launching new businesses more effectively and efficiently than competitors.
34 Integrated supply chains enable distributors to link their suppliers with their business clients/customers.
35 Integrated buy chains enable distributors to link producers to consumers.
36 NetValue Research
37 Suganthi, Balachandher and Balachandran, “Internet Banking Patronage: An Empirical Investigation of Malaysia;” available from http://www.arraydev.com/commerce/jibc/0103_01.htm; accessed 26 September 2002.
38 McKinsey survey.
39 This section is best read in relation to the discussion on B2C.
40 To be included in Retail Forward’s Top e-retailers, the company should have generated at least 50% of its sales from direct-to-consumer (DTC) retail.
41 Cf. http://www.emarketer.com/news/article.php?1001447&ref=ed

### Figure 8.

| Company | Online Revenues (in billions of dollars) |
| Amazon.com | 3.12 |
| Office Depot | 1.60 |
| Staples | 0.95 |
| Gateway, Inc. | 0.76 |
| Costco Wholesale | 0.45 |
| Barnesandnoble.com | 0.41 |
| Buy.com | 0.40 |
| QVC.com | 0.35 |
| Spiegel Group | 0.33 |
| J.C. Penny | 0.32 |
42 CAUCE (Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial E-mail); available from http://www.cauce.org. Accessed 26 September 2002.
43 Andrea Goldstein and David O’Connor, E-commerce for Development: Prospects and Policy Issues, (OECD Development Centre, September 2000); available from http://www.oecd.org/dev/publication/tp1a.htm; accessed 26 September 2002.
44 Ibid.
45 Noah Elkin, “Developing Countries Meeting e-business Challenge,” February 5, 2003.
46 According to 2003 figures of AMI-Partners, a research group on small enterprise market.
47 Most artisans are women living in very remote villages. Their being isolated may be why their crafts have survived.
48 Goldstein and O’Conner.
49 Ibid
50 Ibid.
51 ITU, 1999.
52 Goldstein and O’Conner.
53 Ibid.
54 Ibid.
55 Ibid.
56 Emmanuel Lallana, Patricia J. Pascual, and Zorayda Ruth Andam, SMEs and E-commerce: The Philippine Case; Cf. SMEs and E-commerce: The Case of Indonesia, prepared for The Asia Foundation by Castle Asia
57 Adapted from the inputs and comments on this primer by Dr. Catherine Mann.
58 Nancy Hafkin and Nancy Taggart, “Gender, Information Technology, and Developing Countries: An Analytical Study,” June 2001.
59 Ibid.
60 For an extensive discussion of e-government initiatives, please refer to the primer on “EGovernment” by Patricia J. Pascual.
61 Adapted from the inputs and comments on this primer by Dr. Catherine Mann. For more information, refer to “Benchmarking e-Government: A Global Perspective” by UN-DPEPA and ASPA and “E-Government in the Philippines: Benchmarking Against Global Best Practices” by Emmanual C. Lallana, Patricia J. Pascual and Edwin S. Soriano.
62 Department of Trade and Communications. “An Infocomms Policy for the Information Economy: A Consultative Paper,” December 2000.
63 Lallana, Quimbo and Andam, 14.
64 Lallana, Pascual and Andam; Cf. SMEs and E-commerce: The Case of Indonesia.
65 Ibid.
66 Goldstein and O’Conner.
67 Firewalls act as a filter between a corporate network and the Internet, keeping the corporate network secure from intruders but allowing authenticated corporate users uninhibited access to the Internet (Source: Kalakota and Whinston).
68 Ibid., Cf. ITC, 2000.
69 Ibid.
70 Ibid.