OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neapolitan/calendar

* Neapolitan Primer
* edit
* Grammar
* Pronunciation
* Alphabet
* Nouns
* Articles
* Prepositions
* Adjectives
* Pronouns
* Verbs
* Adverbs
* Conjunctions
* Interrogatives
* Doubling
* Syntax
* Usage
* Greetings
* 501 Neapolitan verbs
* Numbers
* Calendar
* Colors
* Weather
* Food
* Parts of the body
* Rooms of the house
* Expressions and figures of speech
* Resources
* Bibliography
* Sites

## 'O tiémpo e 'o calannàrio (time and the calendar)
### 'O rilorrgio (the clock)

| English | Neapolitan |
| a second | 'nu siconno |
| a minute | 'nu minuto |
| a half-hour | 'na mez óra |
| an hour | 'n óra |

### 'A semmàna (the week)

| English | Neapolitan |
| day | 'o juorno |
| days | 'e juorne |
| morning | 'a matina |
| tomorrow morning | dimanummatina |
| noon, midday | 'o miezojuòrno |
| afternoon | 'a cuntróra |
| evening | 'a séra |
| last evening | ajeressera |
| tomorrow evening | dimanassera |
| night | 'a notte |
| yesterday | ajere |
| the day before yesterday | ll'autriere |
| today | ogge |
| tomorrow | dimane/craje† |
| the day after tomorrow | doppedimane/pescraje† |
†Dimane is used more in Naples proper whereas craje is more common in northern Calabria. Craje comes from the Latin adverb cras (tomorrow) while dimane is constructed from the Latin words de + mane (mane= morning, de mane- in the morning) in the same manner as it is many other Romance languages.

### 'O calannàrio (the calendar)

| English | Neapolitan |
| a week | 'a semmàna |
| weeks | 'e ssemmàne |
| Monday | lunnerì |
| Tuesday | marterì |
| Wednesday | miercurì |
| Thursday | gioverì |
| Friday | viernarì |
| Saturday | sàbbato |
| Sunday | dumméneca |

### 'E mise (the months)

| English | Neapolitan |
| a month | 'o mese |
| months | 'e mise |
| January | jennaro/gennaio |
| February | febbraio/frevaro |
| March | màrzo |
| April | abbrile |
| May | majo/maggio |
| June | giùgno |
| July | luglio |
| August | aùsto |
| September | settembre |
| October | ottombre/ottobbre/ottovre |
| November | nuvembre |
| December | dicembre |

### 'E staggióne (the seasons)

| English | Neapolitan |
| spring | 'a primmavèra |
| summer | 'a staggiòne, 'a state |
| autumn | 'a sfrunnata, ll'autunno |
| winter | 'o viérno |

### Ll'anno (the year)

| English | Neapolitan |
| a year | ll'anno |
| years | ll'anne |
| a century | 'o século |
| centuries | 'e sécule |
* The days of the week and the names of the months are all lower case.
# Neapolitan/501 Neapolitan verbs/zumpà

* English jump, jerk
* Italiano saltare, sobbalzare
# Neapolitan/Doubling
## Doubling of Initial Consonants

In the Neapolitan Language, there are many words that will cause a doubling for the initial consonant. These are usually predictable, but you must memorize which words do and don't cause a doubling. Words that do, are shown below:
* A plural feminine adjective preceding a plural feminine word will cause a doubling (vecchie ffemmene)
* A singular neuter adjective preceding a singular neuter word will cause doubling (buono ppane)
* The feminine plural article 'e ('e ffemene)
* The neuter singular article 'o ('o ppane)
* The conjunctions e and né (pane e ccaso)
* The prepositions a, pe, and cu (a mme, pe tte)
* Negation nu (nu mmo)
* Indefinites ogne and cocche (ogne ccasa)
* Interragative and relative che (che ffemene!)
* accussí (accussí bbello)
* From the verb essere but not songo (so' ppazzo)
* chiu (chiu ppocco)
* The number tre (tre ffemene)
* chistu and chillu when referring to neuter nouns of indefinite quantities (chillu ppane)
* lloco
* From the verb stà (staje ssempe)
* From the verb puté (pô ssapé)
# Neapolitan/adjectives

* Neapolitan Primer
* edit
* Grammar
* Pronunciation
* Alphabet
* Nouns
* Articles
* Prepositions
* Adjectives
* Pronouns
* Verbs
* Adverbs
* Conjunctions
* Interrogatives
* Doubling
* Syntax
* Usage
* Greetings
* 501 Neapolitan verbs
* Numbers
* Calendar
* Colors
* Weather
* Food
* Parts of the body
* Rooms of the house
* Expressions and figures of speech
* Resources
* Bibliography
* Sites

## Adjectives in Neapolitan

As with other Romance languages, adjective endings in Neapolitan change depending upon what the gender and number of the item they modify are.
| gender | singular | plural |
| masculine | o | e |
| feminine | a | e |
| neuter | o | e |
For the most part, adjectives follow the object they describe, for example-- 'a scìgna janca, the white monkey, though literally it reads "the monkey white".

### Possessive Adjectives

| English | Neap. masc. | Neap. fem. |
| mine | mio | mia |
| yours | tujo | toja |
| his | sujo | soja |
| ours | nuosto | nuosta |
| yours | vuosto | vuosta |
| theirs | (l)loro | (l)loro |
In Neapolitan, as with other Southern Italian vernaculars, there can be a fusion of the possessive adjective with the noun it refers to. For example: mammema for my mother; fratemo for my brother; sòcrema for my mother-in-law; sòreta for your sister (the e within these words are a muted schwa sound). This applies only to words that indicate relationships with a family and probably stems from Greek (agapèmo for my love, for example).

## References

Carlo Iandolo: 'A lengua 'e Pulecenella - Grammatica napoletana, chapter Aggettivi (p. 173 et seq.)
# Neapolitan/alphabet

* Neapolitan Primer
* edit
* Grammar
* Pronunciation
* Alphabet
* Nouns
* Articles
* Prepositions
* Adjectives
* Pronouns
* Verbs
* Adverbs
* Conjunctions
* Interrogatives
* Doubling
* Syntax
* Usage
* Greetings
* 501 Neapolitan verbs
* Numbers
* Calendar
* Colors
* Weather
* Food
* Parts of the body
* Rooms of the house
* Expressions and figures of speech
* Resources
* Bibliography
* Sites

## Ll'affabbeto nnapulitano

There are 23 letters in the Neapolitan alphabet:
| letter | name | pronunciation |
| a | a | /ɑ/ |
| b | be | /be/ |
| c | ci | /t͡ʃi/ |
| d | di | /di/ |
| e | e | /e/ |
| f | effe | /'ɛf.f(ə)/ |
| g | gi | /d͡ʒi/ |
| h | acca | /'ak.ka/ |
| i | i | /i/ |
| j | i luonga | /i.'lwɔ̃.g(ə)/ |
| l | elle | /'ɛl.l(ə)/ |
| m | emme | /'ɛm.m(ə)/ |
| n | enne | /'ɛn.n(ə)/ |
| o | o | /ɔ/~/o/ |
| p | pe | /'pe/ |
| q | cu | /ku/ |
| r | erre | /'ɛɾ.ɾ(ə)/ |
| s | esse | /'ɛs.s(ə)/ |
| t | ti | /ti/ |
| u | u | /u/ |
| v | vu | /vu/ |
| x | iks | /iks/ |
| z | zzeta | /'ze.t(ə)/ |
# Neapolitan/adverbs

* Neapolitan Primer
* edit
* Grammar
* Pronunciation
* Alphabet
* Nouns
* Articles
* Prepositions
* Adjectives
* Pronouns
* Verbs
* Adverbs
* Conjunctions
* Interrogatives
* Doubling
* Syntax
* Usage
* Greetings
* 501 Neapolitan verbs
* Numbers
* Calendar
* Colors
* Weather
* Food
* Parts of the body
* Rooms of the house
* Expressions and figures of speech
* Resources
* Bibliography
* Sites

## Adverbs / ll'abberbie
### Adverbs of Time

| Neapolitan | English |
| mo | now |
| doppo | later |
| primma | before |
| po' | then |
| subbeto | soon |
| ogge | today |
| dimane, craje | tomorrow |
| ajere | yesterday |
| sembe, sempre | always |
| maje | never |
| priesto | early |
| tarde | late |

### Adverbs of Place

| Neapolitan | English |
| ccà | here |
| llà | there |
| vicino, azzico, 'zzicco | near |
| luntano | far |
| nnanze, nante | in front of |
| areto, reto, dereto | behind |
# Punjabi/Muharni

Welcome to Muharni, the next big step in learning Punjabi. Muharni is an integral part of practice of Punjabi phonology. Here you will learn how to speak Punjabi words through practice. But if you have not mastered the Gurmukhi script you are strongly advised to go back to the Gurmukhi script module and practise thoroughly before returning. In this module you will be expected to have the basic skills of using the Gurmukhi letters, matras and other diacritics.
While learning Gurmukhi you came across many English examples to illustrate the sounds represented by the Gurmukhi letters. We now gradually introduce you to Punjabi words and through them the Punjabi phonology. Muharni is the traditional way of learning sounds by actually speaking them. It consists of the letters of Gurmukhi script in its natural order each letter followed by a word starting with that letter. It is recited as a rhyme. The result is that while you learn some Punjabi words you also acquire some proficiency in Punjabi phonology. After you have picked up the sounds from each letter of Gurmukhi letters you will be presented each letter of Gurmukhi as it combines with the matras. This will equip you with every sound of Punjabi language whether consonant or vowel.
The Muharni module will consist of 9 chapters and shall be finished in two weeks. You are expected to practice thoroughly each chapter before moving to the next. The eighth chapter contains all the words learnt in other chapters. Each of the first eight chapters has sound files to help you speak the words of Muharni. You can assume that you are ready to move to the next module if you can speak all the words of the muharni at a stretch. The ninth chapter gives you a complete list of consonants as they combine with vowels.
# Punjabi/Muharni/FirstRow
## First Row

Look at the following pictures. The caption below each picture describes in Punjabi the object in the picture. Once you have recognized the objects, use your knowledge of Gurmukhi to read the captions. The captions contain the initial letter of the object name besides the object name in Punjabi and in English. Follow this by loudly reading each caption without the English word. Take the help of the sound file if necessary. Practise it repeatedly till you master it i.e. till you are able to fluently speak it.
* Punjabi Muharni - First row
* ੳ - ਊਠ Camel
* ਅ - ਅਨਾਰ Pomegranate
* ੲ - ਇੱਟ Brick
* ਸ - ਸੱਪ Snake
* ਹ - ਹਾਥੀ Elephant
Play for following Muharni - first row.

### Exercises

1. Practise speaking the words of the Muharni given above in the text.
2. Write the following words in alphabetical order.
    1. ਹਾਥੀ, 2. ਅਨਾਰ, 3. ਊਠ, 4. ਇੱਟ, 5. ਸੱਪ
* ਊਠ
* ਅਨਾਰ
* ਇੱਟ
* ਸੱਪ
* ਹਾਥੀ
# Punjabi/Gurmukhi/Semi-vowels
## Seventh row of Gurmukhi - the Last Group

The last six chapters were devoted to learn the velars, palatals, retroflexes, dentals and labials. In this chapter we will learn the letters of the seventh row (ਯ ਵਰਗ) of Gurmukhi consisting of the Semi vowels. The letters of the seventh row of Gurmukhi are
    ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ
They are called ਯ - yaiia, ਰ - raaraa, ਲ - lallaa, ਵ - vavaa and ੜ - rhaarhaa. Their pronunciation is ਯ - /y/, ਰ - /r/, ਲ - /l/, ਵ - /v/ and ੜ - /rh/. Each of them is explained below.

### ਯ Yaiiaa

    This is how words yak and yes are written in Gurmukhi
       ਯਾ + ਕ = ਯਾਕ = yak
       ਯੈੱ + ਸ = ਯੈੱਸ = yes

### ਰ Raaraa

    ਰ is equivalent to /r/. For illustration of the use of ਰ see these examples
       ਰੈ + ਟ = ਰੈਟ = rat
       ਰੇ + ਡੀ + ਓ = ਰੇਡੀਓ = radio

### ਲ Lallaa

    ਲ is equivalent to /l/. The words lava and jail are written in Gurmukhi as
       ਲਾ + ਵਾ = ਲਾਵਾ = lava
       ਜੇ + ਲ = ਜੇਲ = jail

### ਵ Vavvaa

    ਵ is equivalent to /v/. Notice the words vest and velar in Gurmukhi below.
       ਵੈ + ਸ + ਟ = ਵੈਸਟ = vest
       ਵੈ + ਲ + ਰ = ਵੈਲਰ =velar

### ੜ Rhaarhaa

    Last letter ੜ has no English equivalent. We will denote it with to /rh/. Have a look at a Punjabi example.
       ਵਾ + ੜ = ਵਾੜ = fence
       ਮਾ + ੜਾ = ਮਾੜਾ = weak, bad

### Exercises

1. Use Practice module to write the letters of the seventh row many times in your note book as you did earlier. You can click one of the letters below to go to relevant page of the practice module.
    ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ
2. Read these English words written in Gurmukhi
* ਯੈੱਸ
* ਰੇਡੀਓ
* ਲੈਟਰ
* ਵੈਸਟ
* ਯੀਸਟ
* Yes
* Radio
* Letter
* Vest
* Yeast
3. Write the following words in Gurmukhi and English.
* ਲੇਮ
* ਵਿੰਡ
* ਰੀਡ
* ਯੀਲਡ
* ਵਾਇਟ
* ਲੇਮ - Lame
* ਵਿੰਡ - Wind
* ਰੀਡ - Read
* ਯੀਲਡ - Yield
* ਵਾਇਟ - White
4. Write these English words in Gurmukhi
* Leap
* Rate
* Yellow
* Wax
* Lake
* Welding
* Loom
* Yak
* Lady
* Wet
* ਲੀ + ਪ = ਲੀਪ
* ਰੇ + ਟ = ਰੇਟ
* ਯੈ + ਲੋ = ਯੈਲੋ
* ਵੈ + ਕ + ਸ = ਵੈਕਸ
* ਲੇ + ਕ = ਲੇਕ
* ਵੈ + ਲ + ਡਿੰ + ਗ = ਵੈਲਡਿੰਗ
* ਲੂ + ਮ = ਲੂਮ
* ਯੈ + ਕ = ਯੈਕ
* ਲੇ + ਡੀ = ਲੇਡੀ
* ਵੈੱ + ਟ = ਵੈੱਟ

### Summary

In this lesson you have learnt the five letters ਯ, ਰ, ਲ, ਵ and ੜ. We are left with only the last row which you will learn in the next chapter.
# Punjabi/Language
## Punjabi Language

Punjabi is a robust and vibrant language, as is Punjabi culture, rich in literature with traditions in folk and modern literatures alike. Though it is mother tongue of the natives of Punjab in India and Pakistan, it is spoken internationally by an estimated 100 to 125 million people. It is the official language of Indian state of Punjab. It is also the second official language of Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Delhi states of India and the de facto sacred language of Sikhs, being the language of the Sikh scriptures and religious literature. In Pakistan though, Urdu and English are the official languages, Punjabi speakers form the single largest linguistic group.
Punjabi is spoken as a minority language in several countries, including Afghanistan. It is also spoken in many countries where Punjabis have emigrated in large numbers, such as Britain, Canada, Australia and the United States. The language finds a place of pride in many countries including Canada where it is the fourth most spoken language. Much like English, Punjabi has moved around the world and developed local forms by assimilating local vocabulary and cultures. While most borrowed words come from English, Hindi and Urdu and indirectly from Persian, Punjabi has also taken words from languages such as Spanish and Dutch. A distinctive "Diaspora Punjabi" is thus emerging.
Like other Northern Indian languages, Punjabi derives from Sanskrit and therefore belongs to the Indics, a branch of Indo-European family of languages. It uses the Gurmukhi script though in Pakistan a modified variant of Arabic script called Shahmukhi is used. Gurmukhi has evolved over centuries and passed through many phases from Brahmi to Landas. With a great deal of contribution from Sri Guru Angad Dev, the second Sikh Guru, it has assumed the modern day form, though it continues to evolve. Like other Indic scripts it is most scientifically ordered.
Punjabi culture much like its Bengali counterpart, suffered a split between India and Pakistan during the Partition of 1947. As such, Punjabi language and culture tend to be unifying factors for the peoples of India and Pakistan in spite of the national and religious affiliations.
Literature →
# Punjabi/Literature
## Punjabi Literature

During medieval times, Punjab repeatedly bore the brunt of Afghan invasions and internal battles. These warring times were not exactly feasible for any sort of literary or cultural expansion. Punjabi literature thus took firm rooting only at the end of the 16th century, though its origins can be traced back to the 12th century. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, gave a new tradition to the language, the Gurbani. The fifth Guru, Arjun Dev compiled the Sikh scripture, the Adi Granth or Sri Granth Sahib. Chandi-di-Var by Guru Gobind Singh is also a significant landmark in the history of Punjabi literature.
The period between 1600 and 1850 covers the entire middle Punjabi literature. Hindu and Sikh writers wrote in Punjabi during that period. But it were muslim Sufi saints who were the most creative. Their compositions, entirely Punjabi in spirit and content, form an integral part of Punjabi literature. Bulhe Shah (1680-1758) is perhaps the greatest Sufi poet who wrote Kafis which are very popular even to day. Ali Haidar (1689-1776), one of his contemporaries, wrote a large number Si-harfis. Shah Hussain was another great contemporary Sufi poet. The tragic love story of Heer and Ranjha became the source of many a kissa, a distinct Punjabi literary genre. Numerous writers lent their pen to kissa Heer, but the most extensive and popular was the one rendered by Waris Shah in 1766. Waris is regarded as the greatest poet of Punjabi literature before the start of the modern age. Shah Mohammad’s Jang Nama, a fine piece of poetry, describing the fall of Sikh rule is another landmark in Punjabi literature.
The Modern Punjabi Literature is characterized by the advent of prose. Bhai Vir Singh, Prof Puran Singh and later Nanak Singh and Gurbakhsh Singh were the torch bearers of modern Punjabi prose. Among the most popular poets of the `modern’ period is Mohan Singh who has been described as the one occupying ‘the central place in Punjabi letters today’. He brought in a modern outlook in life and everything related to Punjabi. Other noteworthy poets in Punjabi are Bhai Vir Singh, Pritam Singh Safir, Shiv Batalvi, Surjit Patar and Amrita Pritam, a Jnanpeeth awardee. I C Nanda and Balwant Gargi are eminent dramatists. The wealth of Punjabi literature can be truly regarded as the finest that the Punjabis possess.
← Language · Culture →
# Punjabi/Gurmukhi/Tone

Punjabi is a tonal language. This implies that tone is spoken in Punjabi and its use is meaningful, that is the use of tone changes the meaning of the word. So what is tone?

## Tone

Tone is a high or low aspirated sound, especially of consonant ਹ. (This is not an attempt to precisely define the tone but to just familiarize the reader with the concept. A precise definition is beyond the scope of this Wikibook.)
Though tone is not written using any symbol or letter it is still spoken in Punjabi. There are many ways in which tone is spoken in Punjabi. The letter ਹ has a special significance in this context. When ਹ comes at the beginning of a word or a syllable it is spoken with its normal aspirated glottal sound. However when it comes in a word at a different place it is spoken as a high tone. See the examples below.
    • ਰਹਿ /reh/ = live
    • ਬਹਿ /beh/ = sit
    • ਸ਼ਹਿਰ /shehar/ = city
    • ਕਹਿਰ /kehar/ = atrocity
    • ਜਾਹ /jah/ = go
    • ਉਹ /uh/ = he
Besides ਹ the letters ਘ, ਝ, ਢ, ਧ and ਭ are also of special significance in the context of tone. These consonants are high tone consonants. They are spoken as their normal sounds when they occur at the beginning of a word. See for example:
    • ਘਰ /ghar/ = house
    • ਝੰਡਾ /jhandaa/ = flag
    • ਢੱਕ /dhakk/ = cover
    • ਧੱਕਾ /dhakka/ = push
    • ਭਾਰ /bhaar/ = weight
However when they occur elsewhere in a word their sounds are replaced with the low tone ਗ੍ਹ, ਜ੍ਹ, ਡ੍ਹ, ਦ੍ਹ and ਬ੍ਹ. Since these conjuncts are occurring at the end of the word the half haha is actually spoken as high tone. See these examples:
    • ਸਿੰਘ /singh/ = lion
    • ਬੋਝਾ /bojhaa/ = pocket
    • ਕੱਢ /kadhdh/ = take out
    • ਕੰਧ /kandh/ = wall
    • ਖੰਭ /khambh/ = feather
Here are some examples of low tone:
    • ਕਿੰਨ੍ਹਾ /kinaah/ = who
    • ਜਿੰਨ੍ਹਾ /jinaah/ = those who
    • ਨ੍ਹਾਤਾ /nhaataa/ =bathed
    • ਪੜ੍ਹਾਈ /parhaaii/ = education
    • ਚੜ੍ਹ /charhh/ = climb
# Punjabi/Muharni/Dentals
## Fifth row - the Dentals

Look at the following pictures. The caption below each picture describes in Punjabi the object in the picture. Once you have recognized the objects, use your knowledge of Gurmukhi to read the captions. The captions contain the initial letter of the object name besides the object name in Punjabi and in English. Follow this by loudly reading each caption without the English word. Take the help of the sound file if necessary. Practise it repeatedly till you master it i.e. till you are able to fluently speak it.
* Punjabi Muharni - Fifth row
* ਤ - ਤੋਤਾ Parrot
* ਥ - ਥੈਲਾ Bag
* ਦ - ਦੰਦ Teeth
* ਧ - ਧੌਣ Neck
* ਨ - ਨੱਕ Nose
Play for following Muharni - fifth row.

### Exercises

1. Practise speaking the words of the Muharni given above in the text. Play the sound file for help in speaking.
2. Write the following words in alphabetical order.
    1. ਥੈਲਾ, 2. ਧੌਣ, 3. ਤੋਤਾ, 4. ਨੱਕ, 5. ਦੰਦ
* ਤੋਤਾ
* ਥੈਲਾ
* ਦੰਦ
* ਧੌਣ
* ਨੱਕ
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/Ignition and Fuel Management/DaughterBoard-ROM TUNE

There are several options available for retaining the factory ECU. One of the biggest benefits for retaining the factory ECU is the retention of A/C. Many companies offer a reflash of the factory ECU. All options require socketing the ECU to accommodate an external board that contains the ROM tune.
Calum Daughterboard - Calum Johnson offers a custom daughterboard for limited applications, including OBD I based 240sx engines. These are the stock engines in 91-95 240SX cars. These particular models use what Nissan calls a "consult" port, which is how a dealership would read the codes and communicate with the ECU. Calum's daughterboard plugs into the consult port and gives you a serial port interface that a regular PC can use. Then you need some software to use with it; there are many free software options such as CalumSult, ECU Talk, Nissan Data Scan, TunerPro RT, and many more. There are also software options that are not free, such as Nissan Data Scan, Datalog Viewer, TECU, and more. Depending on the software, you can swap programs in the ECU, or log data from the ECU, even adjust the ECU settings (such as timing and fuel flow) in real time. Cost - $350-$375
JWT- Jim Wolf has been in the Nissan game for a long time. Their re-flashes are considered to be very conservative, but do provide performance gains. Cost - $500
RS-Enthalpy- Considered one of the best re-flash services available. Each reflash is tailored to the modifications that have been made to a particular car. Cost - $500
Hybridynamics- This is a new service (NOV 06) being offered by this company. They have been involved in the Nissan community for quite some time and have a sound understanding of the 240sx. Cost - $500
For the DIY type guys there is the BikiRom Megaboard. These are similar to the CalumSult option, but are arguably more complex and difficult to tune. This requires some knowledge of electronics as the ECU must be socketed and a bit of wiring must be done. Most electronics repair shops should be able to do this if you are unfamiliar with soldering. The biggest advantage for spending the time with the BIKI product is an in depth knowledge of how an engine works. Additionally there is no need to wait for a new chip in the mail. Base tunes are available to work from. Cost - about $800 USD (varies with AUS exchange rate) with boost control option.
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/Ignition and Fuel Management/MAF

A Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAFS) measures the amount of air that has passed through the intake. This information is used by the ECU to determine how much fuel should be mixed with the air.
The limit of a stock 240SX MAFS can be mixed with enough fuel to generate about 250hp. Air flow beyond this amount is not properly metered, meaning not enough fuel will mix with the air. This can lead to engine detonation (air/fuel mixture exploding spontaneously in the combustion chamber before the spark plug fires), and can destroy an engine.
One method for modification to a MAFS is to "trick" the sensor, in conjunction with larger flow injectors. For instance, the popular 370cc injectors swapped the SR20 engine will flow approximately 30% more fuel than stock injectors. By increasing the cross-sectional area of the intake piping by 30%, the MAFS unwittingly sends the correct signal to an standard ECU to mix a good A/F ratio. This technique should be used with caution because if you are using a turbo to increase air flow and a modified intake pipe, the ECU will adjust the air/fuel ratio but not the ignition timing and this can damage the engine. Some options to counter this problem are to back off the base timing, or use a product such as MSD's Boost Timing Master to retard the timing under boost.
The safer, and more popular modifications for a MAFS are to swap with other units that can meter more air. This is typically done in combination with an upgraded ECU and injectors. The Z32 MAFS is probably the most popular. The Q45 MAFS is another option, and some have reported success with a Ford Mustang MAFS. Your ECU must be aware of this change. Jim Wolf Tech offers reprogrammed ECUs for Z32 and Mustang MAFS.