OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Practical Guide To Mizar/Installation

Download the package or executable for your system from the official download page. It is recommended to get the package/executable under "More releases" because that one is most likely more up to date.

## On Windows

The executable extracts a few files into the directory it is located in, so maybe create a temporary folder to execute it in. Then open a command line or power shell in that directory and execute INSTALL C:\mizar (you can change the target directory of course).
Afterwards you must set an environment variable MIZFILES to the target directory you just chose. It is also recommended to add the target directory to your PATH variable.

## On Linux

Unpack the package into a temporary folder and call ./install.sh from your shell of choice. You will be asked where to copy the files to.
Afterwards you must set an environment variable MIZFILES to the folder with the shared files you just chose. Similarly it is your responsibility that the Mizar executables are on your PATH.

## Editor

You will need a plain text editor of some kind (not Word) to write your Mizar articles in. On Windows you can use Notepad or install Notepad++. On Linux, you should have a plain text editor delivered with your distribution.
Some people also use Vim or Emacs or IDEs at their text editor. All valid choices.

## Testing your Installation

Designate a directory for your own Mizar articles. Don't use the directory where Mizar had been installed, as that one gets overwritten when you update Mizar (by installing a newer version over it) and you might loose your files.
For the rest of this book it will be assumed that you are in a folder named TEST (located in your Mizar article folder) with your console/shell. Create subfolders named text and dict, and in text create a new file named test.miz and fill it with the following:
That's the "Hello World" of Mizar. Now when you execute the command mizf text/test (still from within the TEST folder) you should get output like this:
# World History/The Unification of China

Maps | Resources | Contributors' Corner
As you might have known, the early Chinese dynasties, namely Shang and Zhou, are not centralized countries, which means that the central government did not have direct power over the country. This is because the national power is still too weak at that point. To rule the land it couldn't directly rule, the Zhou dynasty developed a system called Fengjian, which is similar to Feudalism in Europe. The King of Zhou distributed land to its relatives, courtiers, or decedents of the former dynasties, making them constituent states called Zhuhou (諸侯).
The states were supposed to back up the Zhou court, but the power of the court had started to decrease since 770 BC. During the Spring and Autumn period (770 to 476 BC), the Zhou royal authority over the states eroded as more and more of them obtained de facto regional autonomy, defying the king's court and waging wars amongst themselves. Many small states, including various city states, were annexed by larger states, but the war during the period were mostly aimed at getting more vassal states than annexing other states.
This, however, gradually changed in the the Warring States period. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, marked the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period (475 to 221 BC). The states had more large-scaled wars which were aimed at annexation. The state of Qin gradually became the dominant power of the states. It overthrew the court of Zhou, unified the remaining states, and in 221 BC formed the Qin dynasty.

## Background

Even the Zhou Dynasty lasted for almost 900 years, its territory was divided into numerous states, most powerful, being (in alphabetical order): Chu, Han, Qi, Qin, Wei, Yan, and Zhao.
In 221 B.C.,Chinese were unified for the first time to construct a great country that ended the long era of disunity and warring. In that year the western frontier state of Qin, the most aggressive of the Warring States, subjugated the last of its rival state.
# A Practical Guide To Mizar
## Table of Contents

* Preface
* Installation
* The Environment
* Syntax and Sets
* Relations and Functions
* Numbers
* Structures
* One-dimensional Calculus
* Linear Algebra
* Multi-dimensional Calculus
* Probability Theory
* Topology
* Graph Theory
* Bibliography
# History of video games/Platforms/Atari Panther
## History

The design of the Atari Panther was influenced by the Konix Multisystem.
The Atari Panther was supposed to release in 1991, but was ultimately scraped in favor of development on the Atari Jaguar. The decision to cancel the console was made just 6 months prior to launch.
A development system for the Atari Panther was produced, which shows significant investment from Atari in the concept.

## Technology

The primary Panther CPU was a Motorola 68000 clocked at 16 megahertz. The Panther also used a 32-bit graphics processor clocked at 32 megahertz.
Audio was handled by an Ensoniq ES5505 OTIS sound processor clocked at 8 megahertz and with support for up to 32 channels of PCM audio.

## Gallery

* The die of a Motorola 68000.
* An Ensoniq ES-5506, a similar chip to the ES5505.

## External Resources

* Atari Museum - Panther page with design documents.

## References

* 1 2 3 "Atari Panther - Ultimate Console Database". ultimateconsoledatabase.com. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
* ↑ "AEX - The most comprehensive exploration of Atari online". 2 December 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20031202031226/http://www.atari-explorer.com/jaguar-panther.html.
* ↑ "AEX - The most comprehensive exploration of Atari online". 2 December 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20031202031226/http://www.atari-explorer.com/jaguar-panther.html.
* 1 2 "Atari Panther 32-Bit Game Console". www.atarimuseum.com. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
* ↑ "Atari Panther: The Extinct Cat | AUSRETROGAMER" (in en-AU). 28 June 2017. https://ausretrogamer.com/atari-panther-the-extinct-cat/.
* ↑ Miazzo, Valentino (7 November 2018). "The Atari Panther - Part 2 - The hardware". Valentino Miazzo. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
* ↑ Hawken, Kieren (9 May 2016). "10 Unreleased Video Game Consoles You Never Knew Existed" (in en). WhatCulture.com. https://whatculture.com/gaming/10-unreleased-video-game-consoles-you-never-knew-existed?page=9.
# Block section
## Great blocks in the Unicode Standard
### New blocks

Some blocks proposed by Unicode, sometimes never rare:

#### Rare

* Hangul, contains some syllables in modern, we added.
* Hangul supplementaries
** Hangul Supplementary A, contains some syllables used in Damko, Linu, Habu, Molpa, Kwija, Mujna, and Bigam, we added.
** Hangul Supplementray B, contains some syllables used in Damko, Linu, Jiak, Habu, Molpa, Kwija, Nahe, and Miolap, we added.
* Former
** Tibetan, contains some letters used in the Tibetan script, we added.
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##### Info

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###### References

* ↑ Mary, K. G. C (January 1987). [archive-date "K. B. Min Blockquotes"]. Date. Archived from the original on wikilink. Retrieved wikilink. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)
* ↑ http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.62/supp-5. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ "Infectious Disease". JAMA. 286 (2): 230. 2001-07-11. doi:10.1001/jama.286.2.230-jbk0711-2-1. ISSN 0098-7484.
* ↑ DESATIVADO, DOI DESATIVADO; DOI, DOI DESATIVADO (2023-11-23). DOI DESATIVADO. DOI DESATIVADO.
* ↑ 365, Num (ed.). "Wikilinked". American Journal of Sociology. 3 (4): 230 – via Project MUSE. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Wang, Z. (2008-11-05). "The debut of PMC Biophysics". PMC Biophysics. 1 (1): 230. doi:10.1186/1757-5036-1-1. ISSN 1757-5036 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
* ↑ Tabain, Marija; Beare, Richard (2017-08-20). "An Ultrasound Study of Alveolar and Retroflex Consonants in Arrernte: Stressed and Unstressed Syllables". Interspeech 2017. ISCA: ISCA. doi:10.21437/interspeech.2017-578.
* ↑ Bol'shakova, Polina Nikolaevna (1970-01-01), "Stomatologicheskaia azbuka beremennoi", Dental Alphabet for Pregnant Women, Publishing house Sreda, retrieved 2024-01-31
* ↑ "Figure 2 from: Heraty J, Carey B, Visscher K (2012) Nectary use for gaining access to an ant host by the parasitoid Orasema simulatrix (Hymenoptera, Eucharitidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 27: 47-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.27.3067". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)

## Notes

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# AppleScript Programming

Apple has an excellent online documentation library for AppleScript programming. This book is not meant to replace the documentation, but should enable the reader to make practical use of the tools available to all mac users.

## Learning the Language

* AppleScript Programming/Introduction
* Basic commands
* Numbers and strings
* Lists and records
* Aliases and paths
* Scripting other applications
* System Events
* Shell Programming
* Script Libraries

## Appendix

* Advanced Code List
* Standard Additions
* 3rd Party Codes
* Sample Programs
Tip: If you can't find help for a problem from here, you can try searching with Google. For example, if you are searching information about how to use command repeat, write into the text field words "applescript repeat" (without quotes). Usually there should be helpful page amongst the first ten results.

## Further reading

* Introduction to AppleScript Language Guide, developer.apple.com
# Topology/Subspaces

Put simply, a subspace is analogous to a subset of a topological space. Subspaces have powerful applications in topology.

## Definition

Let $(X,{\mathcal {T}})$ be a topological space, and let $X_{1}$ be a subset of $X$. Define the open sets as follows:
A set $U_{1}\subseteq X_{1}$ is open in $X_{1}$ if there exists a a set $U\in {\mathcal {T}}$ such that $U_{1}=U\cap X_{1}$
An important idea to note from the above definitions is that a set not being open or closed does not prevent it from being open or closed within a subspace. For example, $(0,1)$ as a subspace of itself is both open and closed.
# IBM DB2 and XForms

IBM DB2 version 9 (also known as the "PureXML" release) supports both the XQuery language as well as an XML datatype. This makes it an ideal candidate for storing and retrieving your XForms instance data.
Unfortunately as of March of 2007 there is no pre-written REST interface to DB2 or a web-based administration tool for setting up and configuring DB2 XML collections.. To save your form data you will have to write some Java middleware to take the data in an HTTP POST and save it to a table in DB2 that has an XML datatype.
Here is an example from the IBM DeveloperWorks web on how to use Java to send XML data to DB2:
IBM DB2 XML Article
The good news is that once the data has been saved into DB2 you can query it using standard XQuery tools.
# AppleScript Programming/Introduction

AppleScript is an object-oriented scripting language, spesifically designed to work with inter-application communication facilitating Apple Events. An object is an instance of a predefined class with shared characteristics.
The objects one may work with using the AppleScript language may be defined within three different sources: Within the AppleScript Language itself, within macOS scriptable applications, or within third party applications. All classes and commands from these sources should be documented in the Scripting dictionaries available from the menu of the Script Editor application.

## Commands

Working with AppleScript one might come across AppleScript commands, scripting addition commands, user-defined commands and application commands.
The standard additions to AppleScript contains a range of commands available to all scripts. The commands are:
* activate
* ASCII character
* ASCII number
* beep
* choose application
* choose color
* choose file
* choose file name
* choose folder
* choose from list
* choose remote application
* choose URL
* clipboard info
* close access
* copy
* count
* current date
* delay
* display alert
* display dialog
* display notification
* do shell script
* get
* get eof
* get volume settings
* info for
* launch
* list disks
* list folder
* load script
* localized string
* log
* mount volume
* offset
* open for access
* open location
* path to (application)
* path to (folder)
* path to resource
* random number
* read
* round
* run
* run script
* say
* scripting components
* set
* set eof
* set the clipboard to
* set volume
* store script
* summarize
* system attribute
* system info
* the clipboard
* time to GMT
* write

## Comments

To document comments a programmer usually writes some comments along the way. Single line comments are written after # or --. Multi line comments are wrapped in (* *).
# Apples/Cultivars
## Apple cultivars

There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples. Different cultivars are available for temperate and subtropical climates. One large collection of over 2100 apple cultivars is housed at the National Fruit Collection in England. Most of these cultivars are bred for eating fresh (dessert apples), though some are cultivated specifically for cooking (cooking apples) or producing cider. Cider apples are typically too tart and astringent to eat fresh, but they give the beverage a rich flavour that dessert apples cannot.
Commercially popular apple cultivars are soft but crisp. Other desired qualities in modern commercial apple breeding are a colourful skin, absence of russeting, ease of shipping, lengthy storage ability, high yields, disease resistance, typical "Red Delicious" apple shape, long stem (to allow pesticides to penetrate the top of the fruit), and popular flavour. Modern apples are generally sweeter than older cultivars, as popular tastes in apples have varied over time. Most North Americans and Europeans favour sweet, subacid apples, but tart apples have a strong minority following. Extremely sweet apples with barely any acid flavour are popular in Asia and especially India.
Old cultivars are often oddly shaped, russeted, and have a variety of textures and colours. Some find them to have a better flavour than modern cultivators, but may have other problems which make them commercially unviable, such as low yield, liability to disease, or poor tolerance for storage or transport. A few old cultivars are still produced on a large scale, but many have been kept alive by home gardeners and farmers that sell directly to local markets. Many unusual and locally important cultivars with their own unique taste and appearance exist; apple conservation campaigns have sprung up around the world to preserve such local cultivars from extinction. In the United Kingdom old cultivars such as Cox's Orange Pippin and Egremont Russet are still commercially important even though by modern standards they are low yielding and disease prone.

## References

* ↑ Elzebroek, A.T.G. (2008). Guide to Cultivated Plants. Wallingford: CAB International. p. 27. ISBN 1845933567. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
* ↑ "National Fruit Collections at Brogdale", Farm Advisory Services Team, accessed 2009-10-27
* 1 2 Sue Tarjan (fall 2006). "Autumn Apple Musings" (pdf). News & Notes of the UCSC Farm & Garden, Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 24 January 2008. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
* ↑ "Apple - Malus domestica". Natural England. Retrieved 22 January 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
* 1 2 "World apple situation". Retrieved 24 January 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dateformat= ignored (help)
* ↑ "Origin, History of cultivation". University of Georgia. Retrieved 22 J a n u a r y 2008. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dateformat= (help)
# Apples

Apples are among the most familiar fruits, with a long history of cultivation. This book is about the cultivars of apples (some 7,500 are known to exist).
This book will consist of pages for each apple variety, with information about the qualities and uses of the fruits, as well as technical information about growing them (such as compatible pollinators and rootstocks). Additional chapters will discuss rootstocks and interstocks.

## Contents

* Introduction
* Propagation
* Cultivars
* Rootstocks
* Pests and diseases
# Department:Mathematics

< Departments
* Mathematics
* Books in this area deal with mathematics: the study of quantity, structure, space, relation, change, and various topics of pattern, form and entity.
| Subsections | Featured Books |
| Shelf:Mathematics (general references) Shelf:Applied mathematics Shelf:Elementary arithmetic Shelf:K-12 mathematics Shelf:Mathematical collections Shelf:Mathematical references Shelf:Mathematics history Shelf:Mathematics study guides Shelf:Pure mathematics Shelf:University level mathematics books Category:Department:MathematicsCategory:Book:Wikibooks Stacks/Shelves/General | Formal Logic High School Mathematics Extensions Linear Algebra Category:Department:Mathematics/all booksCategory:Featured books |
# Classical Defence/Steinitz Variation

Black's Knight on f6 is attacked, granting white space and a tempo with the e5 pawn push. Most often Black retreats it to d7 as Black's only 2 other viable moves, Ng8 and Ne4, either give white a significant development advantage or allow white to compromise Black's central pawn structure by exchanging Knights. This variation is one of the highest-scoring against the French, with white winning 34% of games.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
| 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 |
| | 4 |
| Main Line | (e5) Nfd7 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Ace Attorney Investigations 2: Prosecutor's Gambit

Ace Attorney Investigations 2: Prosecutor's Gambit (逆転検事2, lit. "Turnabout Prosecutor 2") is a video game in the Ace Attorney series for the Nintendo DS. It was developed and published by Capcom, and was originally released on February 3, 2011, eventually getting a full international release as part of the Ace Attorney Investigations Collection in 2024. It is the sixth game in the Ace Attorney series, and a direct sequel to Ace Attorney Investigations: Miles Edgeworth.
The player again controls the renowned prosecutor Miles Edgeworth, as he takes on five new cases that see him reuniting with familiar faces from earlier Ace Attorney titles, and interrogating a new collection of witnesses and suspects. The player follows Edgeworth as he investigates crime scenes, gathers evidence, and pieces together logic, in order to find the truth behind each incident. An old acquaintance of Edgeworth's father also appears, and forces Edgeworth to consider which path he truly wants to follow - that of the prosecutor, or his father's footsteps and his childhood dream of becoming a defence attorney.
As you may have come to expect from the Ace Attorney series, you don't need any knowledge of the justice system or investigation procedures to be able to play this game. You have to find the culprits behind each murder through investigations, confrontations with other characters, and plain old logic. There will usually be an innocent bystander being blamed for the crime, so you must prove their innocence and find the real killer. If you make too many mistakes, the wrong person will be detained, thus resulting in a Game Over.
It's a good idea to read through the Gameplay, Controls and even the Characters pages before starting.

## Table of contents
### Gameplay / ゲームシステム

* Controls / コントロール
* Characters / 登場人物
* Translation chart / 英訳図表

### Walkthrough / ウォークスルー

* 1. Turnabout Target / 逆転の標的
** Beginning / 前編
** End / 後編
* 2. The Imprisoned Turnabout / 獄中の逆転
** Beginning / 前編
** Middle / 中編
** End, Part 1 / 後編
** End, Part 2 / 後編2
* 3. The Inherited Turnabout / 受け継がれし逆転
** Beginning, Part 1 / 前編
** Beginning, Part 2 / 前編2
** Middle, Part 1 / 中編
** Middle, Part 2 / 中編2
** Middle, Part 3 / 中編3
** Middle, Part 4 / 中編4
** End, Part 1 / 後編
** End, Part 2 / 後編2
** End, Part 3 / 後編3
* 4. The Forgotten Turnabout / 忘却の逆転
** Beginning, Part 1 / 前編
** Beginning, Part 2 / 前編2
** Middle, Part 1 / 中編
** Middle, Part 2 / 中編2
** End, Part 1 / 後編
** End, Part 2 / 後編2
* 5. The Grand Turnabout / 大いなる逆転
** Beginning, Part 1 / 前編
** Beginning, Part 2 / 前編2
** Middle, Part 1 / 中編
** Middle, Part 2 / 中編2
** End / 後編
# Wikibooks Stacks

Wikibooks Stacks is the book sorting mechanism for Wikibooks. Here is a hierarchical arrangement of all the books on English Wikibooks (currently 3364 of them), managed by Wikibookian curators with some semi-automated help.
At the top level, our stacks are arranged into departments — humanities, social sciences, mathematics, and so on. All the sectional units of the hierarchy below that level are called shelves, on which the books are found. Most departments have a top-level shelf shown for general references, and other top-level shelves which are more specific. Shelves may also contain subsection shelves, for the further sorting of shelves.
It takes its name from the stacks of a library, which are the book storage areas, with row upon row of bookshelves tightly packed together.

### Information pages
#### Browse Wikibooks Stacks

    At the top of the hierarchy is our floor plan (so to speak) showing all the departments.

#### Detailed structure of Wikibooks Stacks

    A description of the detailed structure of Wikibooks Stacks can be found here.

#### Curate Wikibooks Stacks

    For the most part, the pages in these stacks should detect when they need some sort of maintenance by a human contributor, and provide tools to assist in the tasks likely to be relevant.

#### Adding books to Wikibooks Stacks

    Book can be easily added to Wikibooks Stacks using these directions.

#### Read about the history of Wikibooks Stacks

    This is the most recent form of a Wikibooks cataloging tradition that has been through several incarnations stretching back to the earliest years of the project.
# Accelerated London, Steinitz Countergambit

Black responds by immediately striking in the center with c5. White's most common reply is 3. e3 defending the d4-pawn and building a solid center. Accepting the offered pawn with 3. dxc5 is possible, but this is much less common as it doubles White's pawns on the c-file and abandons White's plan to construct a closed position for the London. 3. e4 leads to a reversed Albin Countergambit. Where 3. Nf3 is an interesting pawn sacrifice line known as the Shafer Gambit after 3. cxd4 and 4. c3