# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Harold Learmonth Hobler/Notes
## Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes
### 1920s
#### 1920
##### 1920 12
#### 1921
##### 1921 04

Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce votes to support the establishment of the Willis Island coastal station, 4DO's father nominates for the committee
   CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. The monthly meeting of the Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce was held at the offices of the Secretary, Mr. A. F. Kent, yesterday afternoon. There were present:— Messrs. J. R. Phillips (President, P. B. Maries, J. Orr, E. S. Lucas, H. Williams, C. T. Steen, W. G. Thompson, A. Duncan, and R. W. Evans. Correspondence. The Mackay Chamber of Commerce again pointed out the urgency, now that the wet season and cyclonic conditions have almost gone, of establishing the promised wireless station on the Willis Group and suggested that the Harbour Master at Rockhampton, Captain F. Rhodes, who had for years given valuable assistance in locating a place for the establishment of a station, should be included in the party sent to instal the station.— It was decided to co-operate with the Mackay Chamber. The President remarking that Captain Rhodes had taken a very keen interest in connection with the installation of the station. . . . General Business. The President urged that the railway service between Rockhampton and Port Alma should be improved. The delays — and they were considerable at times — were killing the port. Quite recently the journey from Port Alma to Rockhampton occupied six hours, and the sixty-four wharf labourers on the train had to be paid 3s. an hour. The delay was attributed to leaky tubes or bad coal. A train from the s.s. Wyreema was equally late. The coal should not be the cause, as the coal supplied to the Railway Department was the best obtainable in Central Queensland — Mr. Maries: Four hours is of frequent occurence. It should only take two — It was decided, on the motion of Mr Duncan, that a deputation, consisting of the President and Messrs. H. W. Walker, Thompson, and Maries, should wait on the Acting General Traffic Manager for Central Railways, Mr. J. J. Petford, to discuss the question of improving the Port Alma-Rockhampton train service. The President announced that the Harbour Board's steamer Ethelbert would not be available for a river trip on the occasion of the annual meeting of the Chamber as she was being overhauled, but the Chamber had accepted a suggestion by Mr. Williams to hold the meeting at St Lawrence, the end of thc North Coast Railway, if arrangements could be made with the Railway Department, as it would give members an opportunity of seeing the country and the construction work. It is announced that the following nominations had been received in the election of office-bearers:— President, Mr. J. R. Phillips; vice-presidents, Messrs. W. G. Thompson, E. S. Lucas, and P. B. Maries; committee, Messrs. W. Burns, J. J. Macaulay, A. Duncan, W. J. P. Harris, L. C. Harden, R. E. Hartley, W. L. Hobler, A. Macmillan, F. J. North, H. Williams, W. A. Mackay, E. H. Balfe, and R. Wetherell; hon. treasurer, Mr. J. W. Dalzell; hon. auditor, Mr. A. B. Catt.

##### 1921 10

4DO's father continues to advocate for the Willis Island coastal wireless station
   CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. The monthly meeting of the Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce was held at the offices of the Secretary, Mr. A. E. Kent, Thursday afternoon. There were present:— Messrs. J. R. Phillips (President), E. S. Lucas, A. Duncan, L. P. Landsberg, W. Thompson, G. A. Sloan, T. W. Kingel, W. L. Hobler, F. W. Evans, J. J. Verney, and W. N. B. Hamilton. . . . Willis Island Wireless Station. Mr. Hobler said that, after a couple of years agitation the Willis Island wireless station was almost an accomplished fact. The Meteorological Departmental officials took credit for the installation but there was no doubt whatever that Captain F. Rhodes, Harbour Master at Rockhampton, was instrumental in having the station established. When the Federal Government ???? to inquire into the possibilities of the scheme, Captain Rhodes was not consulted in any way. Captain Rhodes, however, obtained leave of absence and left for the North at his own expense. When the expedition reached Townsville the services of Captain Rhodes were secured as navigating officer on the vessel to Willis Island and his advice was also accepted. He would move:— "That this Chamber places on record its appreciation of the valuable services rendered by Captain Rhodes in connection with the successful installation of the Willis Island wireless station and that the resolution be conveyed to Captain Rhodes by the Secretary with the heartiest congratulations of the Chamber upon the successful results of his untiring efforts." — Mr. Thompson: I have much pleasure in seconding the motion. The amount of work put in by Captain Rhodes almost amounted to an obsession.— The motion was passed unanimously.

##### 1921 11

As previous, Captain Rhodes thanks the Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce for its support of the vital Willis Island wireless station
   CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. The monthly meeting of the Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce was held at the offices of the Secretary, Mr. A. F. Kent, yesterday afternoon. There were present:— Messrs. W. G. Thompson (in the chair) J. Orr, W. Burns, A. Duncan, R. W. Evans, A. R. Woolcock, C. T. Steen, R. Cousins, H. Jones, G. A. Sloan, and W. J. P. Harris. Apologies. Apologies were received for the absence of Messrs. J. R. Phillips, P. B. Maries, and W. L. Hobler. Correspondence. Captain P. Rhodes wrote expressing his appreciation of the motion passed by the Chamber thanking him for his efforts in connection with the movement to get a wireless station established on Willis Island. He desired to state that the assistance of the Chamber and other kindred bodies and the generous support of the press had been most important factors in attaining the desired end.— Retrieved.

##### 1921 12
#### 1922
##### 1922 02

4DO at age 16 advertising for sale: Canaries
   TO LET AND FOR SALE. . . . CANARIES For Sale, well-bred and hardy. Apply HAROLD HOBLER, Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.

##### 1922 05

4DO's father re-elected to committee of Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce
   CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. ANNUAL MEETING. The annual meeting of the Rockhampton Chamber of Commerce was held at the offices of the Secretary, Mr. A. P. Kent, on the 28th of April. The President, Mr. J. R. Phillips, presided. There were about twenty others present, including Mr. F. M. Forde, M.L.A. Apologies for absence were received from the Minister for Railways (the Hon J. Larcombe), Messrs. J. C. Peterson and H. L. Hartley, M.M.LA., the Mayor (Alderman W. Charlton), and others. Annual Report. The following report for 1921 was presented:— . . . In the year, as a result of continued efforts of this and other chambers of commerce, the Federal Government gave effect to the proposal to establish a wireless station at Willis Island, which is now in operation. The untiring efforts of Captain F. Rhodes, late Harbour Master, in this matter were placed on record and a motion expressing the Chamber's appreciation of the very valuable services rendered by him in connection with the installation was passed and conveyed to him. . . . Election of Office-bearers. The following office-bearers were elected for the ensuing year:— President, Mr. R. W. Evans; vice-presidents, Messrs. W. G. Thompson, E. S. Lucas, and J. R. Phillips; hon. treasurer, Mr. J. W. Dalzeil; hon. auditor, Mr. A. B. Cott; committee, Messrs. W. Burns, E. H. Balfe, A. Duncan, L. C. Harden, W. L. Hobler, R. E. Hartley, W. A. Mackay, P. B. Maries, J. J. Macaulay, A. Macmillan, G. A. Sloan, C. T. Steen, and H. Williams. A vote of thanks was accorded the hon. treasurer and the hon. auditor.

##### 1922 12
#### 1923
##### 1923 12
#### 1924
##### 1924 01

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
   TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT. Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name "Tivoli Theatre" appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side "Tivoli is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of "Tivoli, the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words "Music" and "Mirth" makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. Victor Hobler, and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.

##### 1924 04

4KR J. K. Richardson planning to test with 4DO Harold Hobler
   Barcaldine and General Budget . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of "Encore" after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting "Lilac Nights" from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.

##### 1924 05

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section "Our Wireless Circle"
   QUESTION BOX. Answers to Correspondents. H. L. Hobler, Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . .
4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section "Our Wireless Circle"
   Rockhampton Reception. Mr. H. L. Hobler writes as follows:— l read with much interest your "Sunday Mail" every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard."
4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
   Wireless Broadcasting. Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words "Armidale, New South Wales" were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the "Daily Guardian," Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.

##### 1924 06

4KR "Ascot" to test with 4DO
   Barcaldine and General Budget . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of "Encore" after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting "Lilac Nights" from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.
4DO hears KGO San Francisco
   MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON, June 23. Mr. H. Hobler, a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.
As previous, more detailed report
   LISTENING IN. Among those interested in wireless is Mr. H. Hobler, of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. Hobler heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. Hobler has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.
4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail "Our Wireless Circle" editor
   OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED. . . . H. L. Hobler, Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. Hobler also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in "The Daily Mail" regularly; and concerning a "home-charger," charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.

##### 1924 07

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
4DO is author using the nom-de-plume of "Aerial" in this the first "Wireless Notes" column in the "Morning Bulletin"
   WIRELESS NOTES. (By "Aerial"). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. Harold Hobler, a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 (sic, 312, see next issue) metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are "put through" from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to "Aerial," c/o "Bulletin" Office, will be answered through these columns.

##### 1924 08

4DO writes to the Wireless Weekly with a report of his logs in July 1924
   SOME GOOD DX. Box 38, G.P.O., Rockhampton, Qld., 19th July, 1924. The Editor, "Wireless Weekly," 33 Regent Street, Sydney. Dear Sir,— Herewith is my DX report since the 2/7/24. I have only been able to get down under 300 metres since then. Nearly all the stations (experimental) mentioned have confirmed my reports. The results up to the 9th were obtained on 5 valves (2HF, det., 2LF), but since then all others were obtained on 4 valves, one stage of radio being omitted. 2/7/24 — 1YA (N.Z. 2000 miles, 3 ft. from phones), 2BL, 4CK, 2GQ, 4NAI. 3/7/24 — 2BL in daylight 20 ft. from loud speaker, 2HF. (I closed down at 6.45 p.m.) 4th & 5th — Had no accumulator. 6/7/24 — KGO (3 ft. from phones, using 4 valves, held for 10 mins.), 2CM, 2HM, 2CR, 2ZZ, 5WJ. 7/7/24 — 2BL. (I closed down at 7.45 p.m.) 8/7/24 — 2GR (phone 12 ft. from phones), 2BL, 2AY, 2GY, 2YG, 2GO, 5LO, 2BK, 4GE, 2GQ, 2CR, 2ZK, 2HM, 5WJ, and 2HH. (Not too certain about the last.) 9/7/24 — 2BL on 1 valve in daylight 800 miles, KGO best on 4 valves, 2GR, 2HM. (Battery flat at 8 p.m.) 10th & 11th — No accumulator. 12/7/24 — Maximum — 4 valves — 2GQ, 3BM, 2LO, 2YI, 2BK, 2ZZ. 13/7/24 — KGO, 2BL, 2GQ, 2YI, 2HM. 14/7/24 — 2BK, 2YI, 2HM. 15/7/24 — 2HF, 2BL, 2DS, 2ZZ, 2BK, 2GQ. Every night since some of these experimenters have come in well, and most of them are audible up to a foot from the phones. KGO is heard every night he broadcasts, and his carrier is QSA on 2 valves, no audio being employed. The distance to Sydney by air from here is 800 miles. 2BL and 2FC can be heard every night on 1 valve, and 2BL has been heard very faintly in daylight on the same number. I soon hope to have a five-watt transmitter going, and to work with some of the above stations. With best wishes for the advancement of your great little paper.— Yours faithfully. H. L. HOBLER. Experimental Station 4DO [And very nice going, too.— Ed.]
Second issue of the "Wireless Notes" column in the Morning Bulletin, 4DO writing under the nom de plume of "Aerial"
   WIRELESS NOTES. By "AERIAL." HOW TO CONSTRUCT A CRYSTAL RECEIVING SET. The aerial is one of the most important factors in a wireless transmitting or receiving station. From it the waves are produced at the sending station and radiated into the ether, and with it waves are intercepted and lead to the receiving instruments at the receiving station. It acts as a sort of mouth and ear to a wireless installation. The general system of aerial or antenna used by experimenters and on board ship, if of the "T" or "inverted "L" type. These types have proved themselves to be very efficient and equal to the "birdcage" and "sausage" types. For this reason this article will be confined to the former types, since they are much simpler to erect and are not so expensive, and will give just as good results as the birdcage or sausage aerials. Before constructing an aerial the builder should decide on one which will be suitable for the tests which he is likely to put it to. Once an aerial is erected it should only be taken down at half yearly intervals, and this to see that the insulation, conductors, &c., are in proper condition. Copper, when exposed to the atmosphere, soon loses its shinyness, but although oxides may adhere to the surface, they do not interfere with the waves to any appreciable extent. The position of the aerial and its direction will largely determine the strength of the received or transmitted signals. If reception from the east is desired, the antenna should be faced in such a way so that it is sideways on to that direction. Working on this principle the aerial can be erected to get the best reception from any required direction. It should be clear of all trees, sheds, &c., or anything which is likely to interfere with the waves. For transmitting a high aerial, about 80 ft. at each end, is recommended, but for receiving, an aerial having an average height of from 30 to 40 ft. will be found very satisfactory. A highly suspended aerial may increase signal strength a little, but will also increate static or atmospherics. These atmospherics are the greatest drawbacks to present day wireless. They are caused by the electrical disturbances in the air and are nearly always present when receiving. In the summer months they are very bad and at times it is impossible to hear anything through them. During the cooler months they are not so noticeable, and it is during the winter that nearly all DX (long distance) reception is performed. After a suitable spot has been selected for the aerial's position the masts should be erected. These should be placed about 110 ft. apart and reach a height of 35 ft above the ground. The masts can be of any thickness, which will suitably stand the strain of the aerial wires. If large poles similar to those carrying the electric cables can be procured, these are recommended, since they could be made higher by the addition of another mast, if it was desired to increase the height of the aerial. Of course, the length of an aerial is largely determined by the space available. Where an aerial of the stated dimensions could not be erected, it would be advisable to make one to as nearly the same measurements as possible. On the other hand if no large masts were handy, sawn timber of a reasonable thickness would be suitable. Don't forget before erecting the masts to see that the ropes are running freely through the pulleys and that the stays for the mast are attached to same, and are of a sufficient length to reach the stay pegs or places where they are to be connected. Steel flexible ropes should be used to support the aerial. They will last a lifetime, will not deteriorate, and will stand a great strain, if ordinary rope is used it will soon become weak from exposure and if subjected to any straining, may break. If this should happen, the aerial will fall, and if the insulators should strike any hard substance they would smash. Then there would be the trouble of threading a new rope through the pulley, which may necessitate the taking down of the mast. When the masts are securely erected with stays and hauling ropes attached, the conducting part of the aerial can be turned to. Secure two 100 ft. lengths of 3-20 gauge bare copper wire (3-20 means 3 strands of No. 30 gauge) and connect one or more reel or strain insulators to each end of the wires. From each insulator take a connection to about 3 in. from the end of the spreader, but don't let this connection touch the stranded aerial wire. The spreader should be a strong piece of 1 in. x 1 in. pine, 6 ft. 6 in. in length. Two of these spreaders will be needed and when each end of the two wires are connected, the arrangement will resemble a large rectangle of which the wires form the sides and the spreaders the ends. Near the extreme end of each spreader bore a hole of a sufficient diameter to take a strong cord. Through each of these four holes pass a cord and tie it tightly round the spreader. These act as stays for the aerial itself and should be of a sufficient length to reach the staying pegs or any other arrangement used for the purpose. These are essential and keep the aerial from swaying during windy weather. Next tie a strong rope 7 ft. 6 in. in length to each end of the spreader and on the opposite side to the aerial wires and insulators. In the middle of this rope attach a ball type electrose insulator or any other type which will stand a good strain. To this insulator connect the hauling rope, but see that it does not touch the rope which goes to each end of the spreader. If these two should touch the insulator would be of no value. Its purpose is to insulate the spreader from the pole and hauling rope. It will thus be seen that the insulator takes up a position between the spreader and the pole. Two of these insulators will be required, one for each end. When all this has been accomplished, the aerial will be practically completed. How to connect the lead-in and other arrangements will be explained next week. Owing to a typographical error in last week's notes the wave length of KGO was given as 213 metres instead of 312 metres.
Third issue of "Wireless Notes" column by 4DO
   WIRELESS NOTES. (By "Aerial"). HOW TO CONSTRUCT A CRYSTAL SET. THE LEAD IN AND EARTH. In last weeks notes it was ex-plained how to erect and construct a complete aerial, save for the lead-in and earth arrangements. Having connected the wires, spreaders, and insulators as described, the next point to consider is whether the aerial will be a "T" or "inverted L" type. This will depend upon the position of the operating room in regard to the aerial. That is to say if the room is situated near any one end of the aerial, the lead-in should be taken from that end, which arrangement would make an "inverted L" antenna. On the other hand if the operating room were nearer to the centre of the aerial a T type would be more convenient. The inverted L system is preferable, if it can be used, since it has a greater electrical length than the T or partial T forms of antenna. The only difference between the two types is in the connection of the lead-in. For a T type the lead-in wires are taken from the centre of the aerial wires, and for an inverted L antenna the lead-in is taken from the end of the aerial wires, before they reach the insulators. In this case we will take the inverted L type. Connect a length of 3-20 gauge bare copper stranded wire to each end of the two wires at one end of the aerial only. These lead-in wires should be of the same gauge as the aerial wires themselves. Run these two wires towards the operating room, and join them together just before they are lead into the room. All the joins should be thoroughly made and soldered to avoid any electrical energy being wasted. Where one wire is to be connected to another, it is advisable to scrape the surface with a pocket knife so as to ensure a perfect contact. When the two lead-in wires, taken from one end of each aerial wire, are brought together, they should be joined to another piece of wire of about 7-20 gauge, which is a little over twice the thickness of the antenna and lead-in wires. This gauge of wire is not absolutely essential, but will offer less resistance to the received or transmitted signals, thus increasing the strength. Having connected the three wires together, take the larger one into the operating room to the middle connection holding the arm of a single pole, double throw knife switch. Where the wire comes through the wall it should pass through a porcelain or ebonite insulating tube. If a leading-in insulator is available, this can be used for the same purpose, the outside wire going to the end of the insulator outside the wall, and the wire from the switch arm to the other end of the insulator, which end would be inside the room. Where the wire passes along the wall it should be insulated therefrom by small button porcelain insulators. Before going further, I will tell you what the switch is for. It is used as a safeguard to protect the wireless apparatus from lightning. If lightning should strike the aerial, when your receiver was not connected with a switch, but directly to the aerial, the result would probably be a mass of twisted and broken wires and tubes, &c. Where a switch is employed, this would be practically impossible, if the aerial were connected directly to earth or a suitable capacity. So it is better to spend a few shillings and use a switch than to have a receiver destroyed worth several pounds. Some fans may tell you this is unnecessary, but wait until you have a multi-valver connected to your aerial, and you see a thunderstorm accompanied by vivid lightning approaching. Then is the time you wish you had a half-a-crown "protect my set." From one of the fixed slots on the switch base, into which the arm makes contact, connect an insulated wire. When the receiving set is completed this wire will be connected to the aerial terminal, and therefore must be of a sufficient length to reach this terminal. From the other contact on the switch baseboard, connect a length of heavily insulated wire of about 14 or larger gauge, and take this wire to a ground connection. This "ground" will have to be of a fairly large capacity. It can be made of a large conductor buried in the earth, or an ordinary water pipe will serve for the purpose. The wire should be soldered to whatever is used and a good contact made. Don't use a gas pipe, since it is not a very good conductor, and if a great charge of electricity were passed through it, damage may result, especially if there happened to be any leakage. If a water pipe is used, the surface should be scraped until it is of a silvery colour and then the connection made by soldering. Of course, the insulation from the wire will have to be removed to make the connection to whatever is used. Take another wire of 7-20 gauge to another water pipe for the earth connection of the set, first scraping the pipe as explained before. This ground or earth lead should be as short as possible, and of a sufficient length to reach where the earth terminal of the set will be placed. When all this has been accomplished you will have completed one of the biggest tasks in connection with your wireless station. You will also have an aerial suitable for most tests which you will be likely to put it to, one that will be suitable for experimental transmission and reception, and one that will stand a very good test if any high voltages are applied to it. If the builder of such an antenna system desires to get the maximum energy from it, he could do so by bettering the insulation. Insulators could be inserted in the stays and guy wires, and several could be connected in series at each end of the aerial wires. A well insulated aerial always stands out during wet weather. If a badly insulated aerial system is used in similar circumstances, the energy lost by leakage is very noticeable. Next week the crystal detector will be fully explained. Mr. H. Bond, of Denham-street, reports having heard KGO (the General Electric Company's station at Oakland, California), on Wednesday, July 30th, using a 3-valve receiver. This is the second local experimenter to hear this station. "Aerial" would be pleased if Mr. Bond would send him a detailed report of the reception. Well done, Mr. Bond, keep it going.
Fourth issue of "Wireless Notes" column by 4DO
   WIRELESS NOTES. HOW TO CONSTRUCT A CRYSTAL RECEIVING SET. THE CRYSTAL DETECTOR. (By "Aerial"). The crystal detector is a very simple piece of apparatus and can be made by practically anyone. Several types are on the market, ranging in price from a few shillings to £1. However, these don't function any better than the one here described. This detector is only of a simple design, but will prove quite satisfactory for any crystal reception. The only advantage in an expensive type of detector is that it is generally provided with a cover for the crystal itself. This keeps the mineral in a clean state and prevents dust from settling on the surface of the crystal. However, if it is desired to put ??? an arrangement over the crystal cup on the detector here explained, the maker will soon think of something which will be suitable for such a purpose. The writer used to use a junket tablet glass tube, cut in half, which made a good fit over the crystal cup container and proved satisfactory in every way as a dust cap. In commencing the detector, first procure a piece of smooth pine about 4 in. by 3 in. This will form the base of the detector. Ebonite, bakelite, fibre, or practically any hard substance could be used, but wood will be found quite suitable and is cheaper. Next procure a crystal, and a crystal cup, which can be obtained from any wireless dealer. Some good crystals are galena, silicon, carborundum, N.H.M., magnetite, and even coke has been used with good results. Bore a hole half-an-inch from each narrow end of the board and midway between the two 4 in. sides. The positions for these holes will be measured from the 4 in and 3 in sides and, therefore, they will be at a distance of 1½ in. from each side and ½ in. from each end. These holes each take a terminal. Next drill two more holes in the same line as those for the terminals, and 1 in. distant from the 3 in. ends. One of these holes is for the crystal cup and the other for a roundhead screw of about 3-16 in. in diameter. When the terminals, screw, and cup are in position, secure a piece of low resistance wire of not less than 4 in. in length. This wire is called the "catwhisker." These catwhiskers can be purchased, but practically any sort of springy wire from banjo strings to No. 30 gauge phosphor bronze will be found suitable. Connect one end of this catwhisker under the screw head (which should be provided with a brass washer) and point the other end of the wire, so that it will rest on top of the crystal when placed in the cup. From this screw take a wire to the terminal situated half-an-inch away from it, making the connection underneath the base board. Also, take a wire in the same manner from the cup to the other terminal. The crystal cup is provided with screws to hold the crystal in a fixed position. A cup with three holding screws is better than one with only one similar screw. To make a nicer looking arrangement, the baseboard could be varnished or finished off with a varnish stain. Every few weeks the crystal should be scrubbed with soap and water by a hard nail brush. This process will keep it in a sensitive condition and lengthen its life considerably. It is often found that the point of the catswhisker will not stay on the crystal. This is most annoying when you have had it on a sensitive spot. Here is a suggestion which will rectify this. When the wire is found to be on a sensitive spot, drop a little sealing wax around the bottom of the wire, so that it will hold the catwhisker in the desired position. When buying crystals, always get the tested ones. Only certain points on a crystal are sensitive and these spots are found by testing them with a buzzer. If a crystal has no sensitive spots it is no good for receiving. How to test the crystals will be explained later on. The purpose of the crystal detector is to change the received waves into a steady direct current. The Head Telephones. These instruments are beyond the handyman with regard to constructing them and, even if they were homemade, they would probably be unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is not the intention of the writer to describe how to make them, but, nevertheless, a few words on their construction and operation will not be amiss. The principle on which they work is that of electromagnetism. In each earpiece there are two permanent magnets, around which are wound a large number of turns of very fine insulated wire. The insulation on the wire is generally enamel, as it permits of a large amount of wire being utilised in a small space. The two coils are also screened from each other by a kind of paper dielectric. Two wires, one from each coil, lead to two connections at the bottom of the earpiece. From these connections a length of flexible cord is attached, fitted with two plugs at the free end, which enable neat and rapid connections to be made. Just above the top of the magnets a diaphragm lies, which is kept in position by an earcap screwed on to the outside case of the receiver. The receivers themselves are of the watchcase pattern and are made of ebonite or similar materials. The diaphragms are sometimes of plain tin, varnished tin, or mica. The action of the receiver in making the signals audible is as follows:— Currents intercepted by the aerial are lead down to the receiving apparatus. The crystal changes the rising and falling waves into a direct wave or current, and this rectified current passes to the receivers. It is the action of these varying currents that alters the magnetic pull on the diaphragm, and this pulling and releasing of the diaphragm makes the sounds audible to the human ear. Each headtelephone set used for wireless work is fitted with a headband, which, in nearly every case, is adjustable to fit any operator's head. The bands are of different types and materials, but can nearly always be made to fit any shape of head at all and can be adjusted so that the earpieces are held tightly to the ears. The general type of present-day receivers are very comfortable and can be worn for hours without discomfort. Brown's featherweight headphones only weigh 10 oz., and are very comfortable if properly adjusted. Their lightness is due to an aluminium headband. In selecting a pair of headphones for wireless work, they are not very many points to consider. Nowadays the best wireless 'phones are known and given publicity by the hundreds of satisfied owners. Brown's and Baldwin's headphones are mostly preferred, although there are several other types which are very satisfactory. A low-priced headphone set and one which is very much in demand by wireless enthusiasts are the "Murdock" receivers. These are wound to several different values of resistance to suit either valve or crystal sets. Low resistance 'phones of 2000 ohms (1000 each earpiece) are most suitable for valve reception, and receivers of 4000 or 8000 ohms resistance are generally recommended for crystal work. It might be of interest to know that the two local experimenters who heard KGO both used and still use Murdock headtelephones. Next week the tuning inductance will be explained.
4DO included in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
   EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMITTING LICENSES. QUEENSLAND. (Complete to July 31st. Wavelengths not known). . . . 4DO — H. L. Hobler, Lennox St., Rockhampton.

##### 1924 09

"Aerial" foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
   WIRELESS NOTES. (By "Aerial"). . . Mr. H. Hobler, of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. Hobler has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.
4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
   Wireless Notes. By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. Hobler, of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— "Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— " Speech, by Henry Halstead." Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, "Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra." Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, "KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco." Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— "San Francisco," followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — "Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning." Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose."
   Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).

##### 1924 10

Comprehensive report of the 1926 Trans-Pacific Tests, 4DO wins the receiving section for Queensland
   Testing With America. Amateurs and Experimenters Prove Reliability of Short Waves. Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the fourteen days of the Trans-Pacific Tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of eight or nine thousand miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at Institute Headquarters from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not yet been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received,— it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wavelengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time, and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which would be counted on the fingers of one hand — a truly wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe, and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error of any kind. The leading performers in the various States were Victoria, 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales, 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland, 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. Though acting as official traffic station for the Wireless Institute, and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by Phil. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, Sydney, made what is very probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and in addition all progress reports and instructions since the tests. Just to "keep his hand in" during the intervals, he also handled a mere nine thousand words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio received from Hartford, U.S.A., the officials of the American Radio Relay League said in part: "Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on the splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early Trans-Atlantic communication tests." Apart from the technical information gained, the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific a fact which has not, until now, been generally adm1tted by other than amateur wireless interests. TRANS-PACIFIC TESTS, 1926. List of Australian Stations qualifying in Tests "A," those accomplishing both transmission and reception of 500-word message being arranged in order of merit:— Receiving and Transmitting. Special Service.— 2YI. General.— 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD. Special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting Only.— 2GS. Receiving Only.— 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Pt. Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, 4DO, 6KX, 7OM, 7AB. Stations participating in general test observations, to the owners of which the Federal Executive Council of the Wireless Institute of Australia offers its sincere thanks for their work:— 2YI, 2JA, 2RG, 2KW, 2BM, 2JY, 2WS, 2HM, 2TM, 2BB, 2MH, 2NS, 2RV, 2DY, 2IJ, 2CX, 2CG, 2ZX, 2LK, 2YH, 2EC, 2LM, 2BW, 2CS, 2SO, 2AS, 2KX, 2YB, 2FR, 2SS, 2AB, 2LO, 2RW, 2DJ, 20B, 2JM, 2RC, 2GQ, 3GS, 3ZN, 3LP, 3QH, 3HL, 3ZR, 3GN, 3GM, 3VP, 3LS, 3YX, 3JM, 3WM, 3SR, 3LM, 3BM, 3BD, 3EF, 3AT, 3AD, 3KB, 3YN, 3CE, 3PJ, 3MY, 3JG, 3JR, 3XF, 3HH, 3OT, 3TM, 3SP, 4AN, 4DA, 4BN, 4DO, 4WH, 5DA, 5LF, 5BD, 5WA, 6LS, 6VK, 6BN, 7DX, 7PF, 7AB, 7GH, 7CS, 7BQ, 7OM, 7BC, 7GD. In addition, the Federal Executive Council wishes to thank Mr. Phil. Nolan for his tireless efforts in handling all official traffic, and Mr. Trevor Watkins, 7DX, for sending in the most complete and most excellent log that it has ever had the pleasure of examining.
4DO clearly still learning the ropes of DXing
   Mr. H. Rigby Gregory, Abbotsford Point, forwards a letter received by him from H. L. Hobler, Box 38, G.P.O., Rockhampton, Q., and, as he was not transmitting on the date referred to, he requests that the party concerned communicate with our Queensland friend. Box 38, G.P.O., Rockhampton, Queensland, 5th Sept., 1924. Dear Mr. Gregory,— Further to my letter of a few weeks past. I suppose you have been wondering when you will hear that I have heard you. Well, I got some telephony at 7.40 p.m. on 2/9/24, and think I heard you call. Here is what I heard, and I hope you will confirm by letter if it is correct:— “Hello (repeatedly). This is here . . 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. This is 2ED here." "Hello" was said very often, and after this speech a little Morse was sent. If this did not come from your station, I would be pleased to know if you could tell me who sent it. I have also heard the following N.S.W. transmitters, but don’t know their addresses, so if you know them would you please send me their QRA — 2QG, 2KO, 2SR, 2YR, and 2ME. This last joker kept sending "Doggett de 2ME V," and I heard him from 6 p.m. on 2/9/24. Trusting you will confirm this report if correct, and awaiting an early reply. Yours faithfully, H. L. HOBLER. P.S. Was using three valves on you, no audio being used.
4DO sends in a long list of his logs for the last two months to the Wireless Weekly
   An old friend, in the person of Mr. H. L. Hobler, Rockhampton, Q., in sending us his list writes as follows: The results obtained were in exactly two months work and practically every station was heard on 3 valves, no audio. Confirmations have been received from practically every station heard and most of them have been heard and copied often. Herewith is the report for two months: MORSE. Queensland: 4CK, 4AN, 4EG, 4GE, 4CM. N.S.W.: 2HM, 2CM, 2CR, 2YI, 2DS, 2GQ, 2QG, 2YG, 2BK, 2GR, 2RJ, 2YB, 2IJ, 2AY, 2BF, 2GY, 2LO, 2ZZ, 2KO, 2YR, 2YA, 2BB, 2ME. Victoria: 3BM, 3LM, 3OT, 3XF, 3BD. South Australia: 5AD, 5BF, 5LO, 5WJ, 5AF. New Zealand: 4AP, 4AD. U.S.A.: 4NAI. PHONE. Queensland: 4EG, 4CM. N.S.W.: 2BL, 2FC, 2HM, 2CM, 2CR, 2YI, 2DS, 2GQ, 2QG, 2CS, 2GR, 2RJ, 2AY, 2HF, 2SR, 2YA, 2RA, 2ME, Riverina Wireless Supplies. Victoria: 3EF, 3OT, 3XF, 3AR. South Australia: 5CF. New Zealand: 1YA (3ft. from phones on 5 valves, 2000 miles). U.S.A.: KGO (2in. from phones on 1 valve, 6000 miles). 2BL and 2FC can be heard any night on one valve, 2BL faint in daylight on one tube, distance 800 miles. Using 2 valves, 2BL is audible 15 feet from loud speaker, and with 3 valves he is audible at 30 feet. KGO has been heard 22 times, including 13 on one valve only. This station was heard a few times when using 1 k.w. It is easy to tune now and is generally there as soon as I light up. The last three receptions of this station have been very good and audible two inches from the phones using one valve, without exaggeration. The greatest time KGO has been heard was for one hour and fifty minutes, during which period he was held continuously for 36 minutes, the only interruption being VIS on a harmonic. Eight witnesses can be produced, including a J.P., to verify the reception of KGO. Using one phone and one valve speech and music are easily readable.
4DO included in a list of stations by Wireless Weekly known to be actually transmitting
   PHONES. IN publishing this list we have endeavoured to confine it to those transmitters who are active. Quite a number of those holding transmitting licenses have never even installed the necessary apparatus, and as particulars of these can be of no value, we have purposely omitted them. Any transmitter who is actually transmitting, and whose name does not appear in this list, may have particulars published by forwarding to us. All times mentioned apply to the particular States mentioned, viz., Victoria, Queensland, and Tasmania, same as Sydney; South Australia half an hour behind Sydney; West Australia two hours behind Sydney. . . . 4.D.O. — Harold Learmonth Hobler, 8 Lennox St., Rockhampton. Metres, 240 (1250 kHz - SSD). Transmits C.W., I.C.W., and telephony. From 7 p.m. onwards.
"Aerial", in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
   WIRELESS NOTES. By "Aerial." . . . Questions and Answers. . . . "Solomon," Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. Hobler gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.

##### 1924 12

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
   MISCELLANEOUS. . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring HAROLD HOBLER. Phone 808, for particulars.
4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
   WIRELESS NOTES. By "Aerial." . . . In a recent issue of Australian "Wireless Weekly," giving particulars of the "Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests" held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. Harold Hobler, gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.

#### 1925
##### 1925 02

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
   WIRELESS NOTES. MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By "Aerial." Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, 4DO, has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.

##### 1925 03

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
   DX Notes, &c. You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what "DX" means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for "long distance," pure and simple. A "DX ham" is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand "experimenters' language." 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. 4DO, of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.

##### 1925 04

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
   IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND. Mr. Harold L. Hobler, radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— "Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago."
4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
   AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS. . . . QUEENSLAND. . . . 4DO, A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .

##### 1925 08

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
   QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES. . . . 4DO Hobler, H. L., 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . .

##### 1925 10

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
   5CL STEADILY IMPROVING. Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. "If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland," the Radio Inspector said this week. "You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals." Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, an enthusiast, who wrote:— "Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker." The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.
4DO again dabbling in amateur broadcasting
   DX NOTES. Mr. Hobler, of this city, sprung a pleasant surprise on listeners-in last week when he transmitted some musical items and speeches from his private experimental station. Numerous reports were received from all over Rockhampton on the first night's transmission and all reported signals very loud, and clearly heard away from the headphones with a one valve set. One listener-in reported the telephony as being heard 400 yards away from a loud speaker. This amateur will be testing telephony several nights a week from 7.30 p.m. onwards, and would like reports from listeners-in, especially those outside of Rockhampton. Over the radiophone he told us, that his power was just under two watts and that he was using dry batteries for plate supply. Experiments are being carried out for the use of the town current for the high tension supply, but many alterations will have to be made to it before successful undirectional current can be obtained. He says that if the town supply can be satisfactorily used the power will be increased to about 18 watts, so we will want to look out for our headphones then. Anyway, two watts is loud enough ??? and we hope you will keep it up. At present the wavelength used is about 312 metres, but this will be dropped to about 240 metres in a few days. 7JB seems a new arrival on the ether and is strength 7 here with a good note. Lately the "Apple Islanders" have slackened off considerably, and very few of them are heard on the 80 metre band at the time of writing. 2YH has not been long on the low waves but since he started seems to have met with a good deal of success. A few nights ago I heard him working Hawaiian 6?MH, who reported him to be the first Australian worked. His signals are loud here with a good R.A.C. note. By the way Samoan 6ZAO? gave it out by radio the other night, that he is also NPM, and he uses his station for naval traffic. This station has a beautiful note and his signals rock through here as if he was just around the corner. Although a commercial station to some extent, he devotes a good deal of time to amateur radio.

##### 1925 11

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
   ITEMS OF INTEREST. The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, 4DO, 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from "Dutho" accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.

##### 1925 12

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
   To Let and For Sale. £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from HAROLD HOBLER, Lennox street. 'Phone 808.

#### 1926
##### 1926 01

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
   Wireless News. WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among "fans" and "hams" throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is 4DO, stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.

##### 1926 02

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
   DX NOTES. 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from "Speck" (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.
2WB Bulivant in Albury heard by 4DO
   COUNTRY EXPERIMENTS. Rockhampton hears Albury. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of N.S.W. are making their influence felt among "fans" and "hams" throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bulivant, Jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is 4DO, stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed and acknowledged by card.

##### 1926 03

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
   NEWS FROM KGO. Mr. Harold Hobler, A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— "Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time." Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.

##### 1926 04

Qld Radio News reports 4DO shifting from 80 metres to 35 metres
   With the Hams. (By "XQ.") . . . We are more than pleased to reopen this department of DX Doings. A lull in the activities of many of our hams necessitated a closure some few months back, and it seems "just like old times" to read "X.Q.'s" breezy reports of doings in the ether.-Editor. . . . 4DO has been making the street lamps blink at Rockhampton, and our phones rattle like Hades down here. He is about the loudest Queenslander, other than locals, heard, but strength is not too consistent; some nights "QSA, vy" but other nights not too strong at all. 4DO is putting in a rectifier soon to improve the note which is at present of a raw A.C. character, though fairly liquid tone. Have heard him working a lot of interstate hams on 80 metres, but look out for him on 35 now.
The editor of Qld Radio News publishes a description of 4DO's station provided by 4DO himself
   Radio A-4DO. Mr. Harold L. Hobler is one of Queensland's best and most arduous amateurs. He has kindly forwarded us a description and photograph of his station, which we feel sure our readers will find interesting. His efforts make a shining example for some of our focal "fours." Station 4DO is located at 8 Lennox Street, Rockhampton, Queensland, and the whole station, so far as is practicable, was built by the owner. The aerial used at present is a single wire, 65 feet long, 25 feet high at the free end, and eight feet high at the lead-in end. This antenna is only temporary, and will shortly be replaced by a 65 feet vertical wire. A 3-wire fan counterpoise under the aerial is seldom used. The whole antenna system is rather badly shut in by neighbouring houses, the roofs of which are all galvanised iron, and which have a somewhat large conducting effect when damp. THE TRANSMITTER. The transmitter employs the Coupled Hartley circuit, which was found to be the most suitable after trying several other hookups. A .0003 variable condenser in series in the aerial circuit with a 6-turn coil of 12 gauge bare copper wire tunes the circuit to resonance with the primary, which consists of 15 turns of 16 gauge tinned copper, 4 1/2 ins. in diameter. The aerial or secondary coil is wound through holes in a strip of bakelite to keep the turns apart, and the windings of the primary or grid-plate coil are spaced with glass beads to a distance of about a quarter of an inch. The coils are mounted on a glass rod, coupling being obtained by sliding one coil to or from the other. A .0005 variable condenser is shunted across the grid and plate clips for operating on a wavelength of 76 metres. Straight A.C. has been used satisfactorily on both plate and filament of the lone UV 202 tube, and an input up to 40 watts can be obtained when the 240 volt 50 cycle A.C. supply from the mains is stepped up to 550 volts for the anode, and when the filament voltage is in the vicinity of nine volts. An electrolytic rectifier will be in use very shortly and the power, which is now about 30 watts with A.C. throughout, should then drop to about 20 watts. At present, tests are being made to try and work the transmitter satisfactorily on a 35 and 80 metre wave. Owing to the absence of a town supply it was impossible to transmit using anything other than dry batteries until fairly late in 1925. However, since the power has been installed and the transmitter got under way all Australian districts except West Australia have been worked on 76 metres, also Tasmania, while good reports have come from all over Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand on A.C.C.W. signals. Previous to the town electric mains being installed transmissions were carried out with a 2-coil Meissner circuit, and with 84 volts on the plate of a 201A valve, fone was reported from Mackay two-hundred miles distant while on two-hundred odd metres. In 1923, the first transmissions of telephony were effected when fone was reported from local listeners when using 40 volts on a Mullard Ora receiving valve. This station works under considerable difficulties when testing on low power, as, being the only transmitting station within a radius of 800 miles, it is very hard to get reports worth while. THE RECEIVER. The receiver is a semi low loss affair, using the standard 3-coil regenerative circuit. By the use of interchangeable coils all wave lengths from 25 to 312 metres can be received, and by a slight alteration to the tuner any wave from 300 metres upwards can be received. A detector and one audio stage are used. Valves are Philips DIV as a detector and a Radiotron 201A for audio amplifier. This receiver brings in American amateurs easily without any aerial or earth, and generally when communicating with other stations no aerial or earth is used, thus allowing Duplex working if required. With a small aerial and water pipe earth the leading American amateurs can be heard up to 50 feet from the loud speaker. KDKA has been heard faintly in broad daylight while on 62 metres. On the 6th April, 1925, amateur messages were received from England - practically the antipodes - and since then reception has been world wide. All the cards shown in the photo (and nearly as many again) have been received from stations heard by 4DO, and come from several countries, including America, Great Britain, Canada, Netherlands, Japan, Mexico, Italy, Chili, New Zealand, Hawaii, Phillipine Islands, Porto Rico, etc. The photograph shows the following gear reading from left to right: Electrolytic rectifier, transmitter, low loss receiver, and single valve receiver for commercial traffic. This station would welcome all reports and criticisms on its transmissions and QSLs all cards, letters and stations received and worked.

##### 1926 05

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
   WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI. An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. Harold Hobler, who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. Hobler will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.
4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
   DX NOTES. There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with 4DO. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a "bootlegger," has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.
Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
   WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI. On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. Harold Hobler, upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.
4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
   TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI. Another success was achieved by Mr. Harold Hobler when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, "Bread," starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . .

##### 1926 06

4DO publishes a description of description of construction and operation of a Superdyne receiver in QRN
   The Superdyne Receiver. By H. L. HOBLER, A-4DO. The Superdyne receiver, about to be described, is an uncommon type of wireless receiving set. Its uncommonness is, no doubt, due to the fact that very little data regarding its construction has been made available to the Australian amateur. The Superdyne orfginated in America, and, since it has proved itself to be a very successful receiver in that country, there is no reason why it should not be successful in this country; hence the reason for this article, which explains the complete construction of a two valve superdyne broadcast listening set. (Start Graphics Caption) Fig. 1. (End Graphics Caption) The circuit employed in the set described has only recently been designed and appears to be most successful in the many attempts to combine regeneration and radio-frequency amplification. This circuit differs from the usual radio-frequency circuit in the use of the tickler coil. It is found in all tuned radio-frequency circuits, that when all circuits are tuned alike oscillations commence. Various methods have been tried to neutralize this tendency. In the superdyne, it is accomplished by the employment of the tickler coil, which may be adjusted so as to bring enough energy from the plate circuit to the grid circuit in the reverse direction. It will be seen from the schematic diagram - Figure 1 - that the set employs one stage of radio-frequency amplification and detector only. However, should it be desired, any number of audio-frequency stages could be added in the usual manner. Take a look at Figure 1 and note how simple the circuit is. There is nothing used that is not required. First of all we notice that the aerial circuit is aperiodic - that is to say it is untuned. This dispenses with the usual series or parallel condenser for the primary circuit. The primary coil is wound over the secondary and in this way signals coming from the aerial into the primary coil are induced into the windings of the secondary and then flow to the other apparatus. No grid condenser or leak are shown in the grid circuit of the first valve. but if the receiver fails to oscillate after you are sure everything is correct, or if popping or squealing occurs, try reversing the leads to the rotor of the coupler. Should the set still fail to oscillate a grid leak to suit the type of detector valve used, placed across the .00025 mfd. fixed condenser in the grid lead to the detector tube may help the set to oscillate easily. However if the receiver is constructed as described and connected up to form the circuit shown in figure 1, no trouble whatever should be experienced in getting the set to work. No plug in coils are used anywhere in this superdyne receiver. The primary, secondary and reaction coils are in the form of a variocoupler, while the plate coil is of the solenoid type.
   COILS. The coupler form is 4 1-4 inches in diameter and 2 inches long. The secondary winding is wound with 42 turns of No. 22 DCC wire, while the primary winding consists of 4 turns of No. 22 DCC wire spaced 1/4 of an inch apart, wound directly over the secondary. The rotor or tickler coil consists of 18 turns of No. 22 DCC wire wound on the rotor of the variocoupler. The plate coil, which is 4 1/4 inches in diameter and 2 inches long is of the solenoid type, and is wound with 46 turns of No. 22 DCC wire. It is advisable to use bakelite, radion or other good formers for the coils. If cardboard or other shrinkable materials are used they should be baked in a hot oven before the wire is wound on them. This baking process draws the moisture from the tubes and shrinks them, thereby preventing the wire from slipping off, which would happen in hot weather if the formers shrunk to any extent. It is evident of course that the wire must be wound on the tubes shortly after they are removed from the oven. The values of the fixed and variable condensers are given in the diagram and to aid the constructor when making the coils, a sketch is given showing the method of winding. The_ resistances of the rheostats will depend upon the types of valves used. For bright emitter tubes a rheostat having a resistance of from about 6 to 12 ohms will be suitable, whereas for dull emitter valves the resistance of the rheostats should be in the vicinity of 30 ohms, and not less than 25 ohms. Good parts - that is those which are electrically and mechanically efficient - should be used throughout if it is desired to get the maximum results from the set. The valve sockets should be of good manufacture, preferably made of glass or porcelain. Good metal shell sockets are satisfactory and if the valve (Start Graphics Caption) Fig. 2. (End Graphics Caption) base is of metal it is of little advantage to use other sockets - unless it is desired to reduce losses to a minimum - when the metal shell on the base of the valve should be removed. Side contact on the valve legs is more satisfactory than point contact, and when purchasing the valve sockets this should be borne in mind. Methods for the layout of the parts used in this Superdyne receiver will suggest themselves. The coils, if mounted on a baseboard at the rear of the panel will look much neater than if placed anywhere else. The tickler or rotor coil can be mounted on a shaft which passes through a hole in the panel. A calibrated dial attached to the end of the shaft, which should protrude about half an inch through the panel, will permit of the operator knowing at exactly what angle the tickler coil lies in respect to the primary and secondary coils. The variable condensers and rheostats should be the only other parts mounted on the front panel if neatness is desired. The valve sockets, fixed condensers, etc., can be mounted behind the panel in the most convenient positions for wiring up. To avoid the possibility of an error in the connecting up of the set the connections will be traced out in detail. Beginners who do not understand schematical or theoretical diagrams should study the different symbols used in wireless circuits. It is very much easier to trace a fault or to wire up a set by referring to a diagram than it is to follow a description. The connections are as follows:- The lead-in from the aerial is attached to one end of the primary coil the other end of this four turn coil being connected to earth. One end of the secondary winding is connected to one group of plates of the condenser in Parallel or in shunt with the secondary coil and this lead is continued on and connected to the grid terminal of the radio-frequency valve socket. The other end of the secondary winding is connected to the other set of plates in the shunt condenser and this same lead is continued on to the negative or minus filament terminal of both valve sockets and the A battery. The positive or plus terminal of the A battery is connected to the moving arms of the two rheostats, the ends of the windings of which are joined to their respective positive or plus filament terminals on the valve sockets. One end of the winding of the tickler coil is connected to one end of the plate coil and to one set of plates of the condenser which is in parallel with the plate coil. The other set of plates of this condenser and the other end of the plate coil are joined together and a lead taken from them to the plate terminal on the first or radio-frequency valve socket. From the plate terminal a lead is taken to one side of the .00025 mfd. fixed condenser, the either side of which connects to the grid terminal on the detector tube socket. The other end of the tickler or rotor coil connects to the positive or plus terminal of the B Battery. The terminal marked P (or plate) on the detector valve socket connects to one side of the telephone condenser, the other side of which connects to a positive tap on the B battery suitable for the detector valve employed. The head telephones are shunted across the telephone condenser. When the negative or minus terminal of the B battery is connected to the positive A battery terminal the wiring of the set is completed. Stout copper wire, preferably tinned, is the best for wiring up, and, if you never wish to burn out your valves or to short circuit your batteries, insulate the wires carrying the A and B battery currents with systoflex, spaghetti or other similar insulating material.
   OPERATION.
   Operation of the set is simplicity itself. When all batteries are properly connected and the valves inserted in the sockets, turn on the rheostats gradually, listening at the same time with the headphones. When sufficient current has been supplied to the filaments of the valves the receiver will oscillate, probably very weakly. Once the set is oscillating it is ready to pick up signals. Leave the rheostats as they are and adjust the capacities of the secondary and plate condensers until a station is heard, then decrease the filament current to the valves and alter the B battery voltages to the plates of the tubes until signals are at maximum strength. The rotation of the tickler coil will probably make a great difference in the strength of the received item, but be careful not to feed back too much current through the tickler, as this would cause distortion to your reception and interference to nearby stations. So long as you are receiving perfectly pure music or speech and not feeding back too much current to be again impressed upon the grid of the radio-frequency valve, it is safe to say that you are not causing interference to other stations.
4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
   LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH. A "Listening-in Rally" was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. Harold Hobler kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be "that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings," as the "Sun" of Melbourne describes him. "Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician." The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled "Lead Kindly Light," which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite "Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus." The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.
4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon & Hawaii
   NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT. A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. Harold Hobler, of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. Hobler, whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. Hobler sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. Hobler was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. Hobler for communicating with other countries in the near future.

##### 1926 07

Item in Qld Radio News about 4DO getting his signals across the Pacific
   4DO-Shake! He Shoots His Signals into U.S. 4DO (Mr. H. L. Hobler, Rockhampton), has placed himself on the amateur map by exchanging confabs with U.S. hams on Saturday, June 5th, last. Harold may now be justly admitted into the select circle of the "Big Fours." He is the fourth Queenslander to establish a two way communication with America. On Saturday, June 5th, at 11.28 p.m., 4DO sent out a general call, and it was answered by U·6ANQ at Hemet, California who reported signals at strength R2. The following night (Sunday) a general call was answered by HU-6AXW, a station in Hawaii, who was worked for a long period and who reported strength R4 - readable. A few minutes later, communication was established with U-7WU, a station at Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. This contact was the best of all and 4DO states that during the twenty minutes in which signals were exchanged, only once had a few words to be repeated. Signals were reported by this station to be very steady and comfortable to read. The power used throughout these QSO's was 28 watts input to a 5-watt tube using 400 volts rectified A.C. on the plate and straight A.C. on the filament. 4DO is now trying to raise distant stations with a power of one watt using 84 volts on the plate. Recently in broad daylight he worked 4AN (Brisbane), who reported R5 with this power compared to R7 with the 28 watts input. He is now endeavouring to reach out much further with these one-watt signals.
4DO working several yanks
   With the Hams. . . . 4DO, of Rockhampton, has, since my last notes, worked several Yanks off his "fiver" with 28 watts input. U-6ANQ, Hemet, California, was the first in, QSO followed, by many others. His DX-worked now includes Java, Hawaii, U.S.A.— more next month! Congrats. Hal! Keep it up!
Kington of Wooloowin Radio Club visits 4DO
   Personalities. . . . Mr. H. Kington, President of the Wooloowin Radio Club, has returned from his state-wide tour on behalf of The Read Press Ltd. Mr. Kington states that he called upon many prominent amateurs and enthusiasts where time permitted. He reports a most enjoyable time with 4DO of Rockhampton.
Comprehensive article about accumulator maintenance for Qld Radio News
   The Care and Maintenance of Accumulators. (By H . L. HOBLER, A-4DO.) The accumulator A and B batteries used in radio receivers and transmitters are for the purpose of supplying current to the filaments and plates of the respective valve employed. If we could afford it, and had ready means for recharging, practically every one of us who use valve sets would use an accumulator for both the filament and high-tension supply, for the beautiful steady direct current they supply is the best possible for wireless reception and transmission purposes. To get the maximum results from any receiving set, good steady current and voltage of the correct value is essential, especially when certain types of valves are used. Since most of us, who live near a service station, employ one kind of accumulator at least, it will be seen that there are a great many in use at the present time, and as there are a number of users who are not conversant with the rules governing the proper care and maintenance of these storage batteries, it follows that a large percentage of the battery trouble experienced is brought about through neglect. Thinking that a little information on battery care and maintenance may be of help to some fellow enthusiasts, this article is written. An accumulator, or storage battery, or secondary cell, is an arrangement used for the storage of electrical energy. An accumulator consists generally of a number of cells in which a chemical change is brought about by the passage of an electric current through them. The change is such that the cells are capable of giving back the electrical energy, and while doing so returning to their original chemical condition. In the ordinary type of accumulator there are two metal plates, the anode or positive plate, and the cathode or negative plate, suspended in a liquid called the electrolyte. The negative plate is made of chemically pure lead, and the positive plate consists of a lead frame, strengthened with antimony, into which a paste of red lead and sulphuric acid has been pressed. The charging current for the accumulator enters by the positive plates and leaves by the negative. The discharging current on the other hand, leaves by the positive plate and returns by the negative. The polarity of the ordinary type of accumulator used for wireless work, can be found in several ways. One of the simplest methods is to immerse a wire, connected to each terminal of a single cell, in a glass of water. Gases will be given off from each wire, but more freely from the wire, which is connected to the negative pole of the accumulator. Another method for determining the polarity is to look to the colour of the plates. The positive are always brown or of a chocolate colour. While the negative plates are the familiar greyish lead colour. If the difference in potential of the two plates is tested by means of an instrument known as a voltmeter, it will be found that it is invariably in the neighbourhood of two volts, slightly over or under. The electrical pressure, E.M.F., or voltage, therefore, to be obtained from any individual cell can only be considered as two volts. It may be a little more than this when the cell is fully charged, perhaps 2.4 volts, and even a little higher when the charging current is still passing. When the cell has been discharged to the practica1 limits of ordinary usage, the voltage drops to about 1.85 volts. The voltage of any cell should never be allowed to fall below 1.8 volts, because draining or "milking" an accumulator spells ruination for the plates as a result of sulphation, which quickly ends the accumulator's operating life. The voltage or electrical energy that can be taken from a single cell depends upon the surface area and number of plates, and in some cases upon individual variations in manufacture, and also upon the quality and purity of the materials used in their construction. The capacity of a lead accumulator as expressed in ampere-hours, depends primarily on the amount of active material in it. This takes the form of peroxide of lead, spongy lead, and the electrolyte. Another factor ascertaining the capacity of an accumulator is the weight and arrangement of the active material contained in the cell. The chemical action in an accumulator or storage battery, appears to be greatest at or near the surface, and practice shows that with a low discharge rate, less weight of active material is needed than is the case when the discharge rate is high. That is to say, if only one or two amps are taken from an accumulator every hour, it need not be of the same capacity, or be of such design as an accumulator, such as that used on a motor car, where, when a self-starter is used, the current taken from the battery is several amperes an hour. Under these conditions a thick plate will be satisfactory, as the low discharge rate allows time for the fullest chemical action from the diffusion of the electrolyte in the porous material. However, when the discharge rate is high, a great number of thin plates are needed. The filament heating battery for a 3 or 4 valve receiving set will, therefore, have to be of ample size to realise the benefits of a low discharge rate, and so get the full advantage from a thick plate. The current density, or the number of amperes per square inch of plate surface, varies considerably. At a normal of 8-hour discharge rate a positive plate surface area of about 3 square inches should be provided. For example: A cell containing five plates, three negative and two positive (for there is always one more negative than positive plate so that both sides of the latter can be acted upon), and all measuring 4 x 3 ins., gives a positive plate surface area of 4 x 3 x 2 x 2, equals 48 square inches, since both sides of the plates must be taken into account. You will see how this positive plate surface area is obtained. To find the surface area of one plate we multiply 4 x 3 which gives 12, there being two positive plates we multiply the surface area of one plate, which is 12 x 2, which gives 24 square inches. Then since both sides of the plates must be considered, 24 is multiplied by 2, which gives the total positive plate surface area of 48 square inches. This cell, therefore, has a capacity of about 16 ampere hours at the 8-hour rate - that is, it will yield up to 2 amperes for 8 hours before the voltage drops to the lowest limit for safe working, which, as mentioned previously, is 1.8 volts. Small radio accumulators are often rated commercially at the ignition rate, that is, an intermittent discharge rate. This means that if an accumulator is rated at 6 to 8 volts, lighting capacity 30 ampere hours, an ignition capacity 060 ampere hours, that it will deliver a maximum voltage of 6 to 8 volts, and if used continuously, such as for lighting, will allow of one ampere being taken from it for 30 hours before the voltage will drop to the lowest limit for safe working. On the other hand, if it is used for ignition, such as buzzer work, where the current is intermittently used, it will allow of one amp being taken from it for a period of 60 hours. The ignition rate is marked as double that of the actual continuous rate, and in the example just given the cell referred to would rate as a 30 amperehour cell.
   CHARGING OF ACCUMULATORS. The main duty of the accumulator in wireless reception is to supply current to the filaments of the valves. Sometimes small types of these cells are used for the high-tension or plate supply, but only when very convenient methods are adaptable for recharging, such as with a home charger. One of the most important points in regard to an accumulator's life is charging, and too much attention cannot be paid to this process of re-supplying the storage battery with energy. Radio batteries, or any battery used for small loads, must not be recharged at a high amperage. Three amps is a good, safe charging rate, and a longer charge at two amps is better still. A long charge at a low amperage is much better than a quick charge at a high amperage; in fact, the latter should never be done, as the accumulator, in all probability, would break down or the plates buckle. Most battery service station's charging plants are designed for charging motor car batteries at about 10 amperes an hour, and consequently if this current passes through a small radio accumulator for long, the positive plates will soon fall to pieces. Therefore, before having your accumulator charged, ascertain at what rate it will be charged or what amount of current will pass through it in one hour. If this amount exceeds four amperes per hour, take my advice and have it charged somewhere else at not more than three amperes per hour. Charged always at a proper and safe rate an accumulator will last for many months, but when the charging current stipulated by the manufacturers of the battery is exceeded the battery will have a very short life. This low charging rate applies only to small accumulators, such as those used for wireless work. Batteries used on motor cars are of a much stronger type and consequently will stand being charged at a higher rate. Ten amperes per hour is the general rate of charge for a car battery, while chloride accumulators have a normal charging rate of 12 amps an hour. The makers generally give full instructions for charging, etc., and these should always be referred to and taken as the correct thing. There is no need to explain how to prepare the accumulator for its initial charge, as instructions regarding this point are supplied by the makers of the battery. When choosing an accumulator it is always wise to purchase one larger than appears necessary. If you invest in a large type you will not regret it, but if you get one too small you will always be sorry, and wish you had paid the little extra for the larger type. The former can be kept in perfect condition by numerous small charges, whereas the small accumulator will always have to be recharged to its full capacity, and with great frequency if much current is used. Remember a large accumulator soon pays for itself by the less number of times it has to be charged.
   CARE AND MAINTENANCE. The operating life of an accumulator depends largely upon the correct initial charge and the subsequent charges and care bestowed upon it. The electrolyte should always cover the plates, and the terminals or lugs should be kept well greased with vaseline to prevent sulphate from ruining the connections and eating away the metals. If sulphation occurs inside the battery a long charge at a low amperage will probably remove this substance. Never use acid of too high a specific gravity, as in tropical climates "heavy" acid ruins the plates. It is as well to note that tropical climates are regarded (with respect to storage batteries) as those places where freezing of water never occurs. From time to time it is necessary to add pure distilled water to the electrolyte to compensate for that lost by evaporation, always making sure the electrolyte covers the plates. When mixing the sulphuric solution for the initial charge be very careful of your eyes, your clothes, and any surrounding objects. Immediately the sulphuric acid touches the water the solution becomes very hot. Always try and add water to acid and not acid to water, but for those who do not understand the action of these solutions, it would be as well for them to let a competent battery man attend to the mixture of the solution. The best method of testing an accumulator is by means of a hydrometer, an instrument resembling a syringe, which determines the density of the electrolyte. A little of the electrolyte out of the battery is sucked up into the glass tube of the hydrometer, in which is a glass float marked at different points along it's length. This float rises with the solution sucked up and by noting the level of the solution and the marking in the float nearest to this level the density of the electrolyte is determined. When the accumulator is fully charged this reading will be highest, and falls as the accumulator is discharged. The only means of testing an accumulator or any battery which is thought to be faulty, is to subject that battery to a load and see that the voltage remains constant. Don't think because the density of the electrolyte in an accumulator is high that the cell itself is in proper order. I have had accumulators that would only deliver half a volt and practically no current, show a reading, by the hydrometer, indicating a fully charged cell. The only correct method for a test of this kind is to connect a lamp or valve, taking about one ampere of current across the accumulator, and also connect a voltmeter across the accumulator terminals. If the lamp glows brightly at first then gradually dims with the voltmeter reading dropping lower all the time, it shows that the cell is devoid of electricity. Above all never short circuit a battery. This procedure very quickly buckles the plates and thereby ruins the accumulator. I have heard of a man who used to follow this practice for lighting a gas jet, until his hand touched a bare piece of one of the leads. He uses matches now. A wise move, surely? Yes, very.

##### 1926 09

Qld Radio News reports that 4DO not being heard lately
   With the Hams. Nothing very startling to report on ham activities for the last month, due, mainly, to poor conditions and the like. One or two stations have faded out of the firmament and several new ones have popped up to take their places. . . . Haven't heard much from the "out-town" boys lately, 4DO has evidently had a temporary close down. 4HR and a few of the others seem to be at a standstill. The good DX-ing season should be here again towards the end of this month, so c'mon OM's, harness up a couple of 201A's in the xmitter and show 'em that the "fours" can work any continent on the blankey globe without the aid of any half-kilowatt bottles with young power houses attached thereto.
4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
   TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS. Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD. Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— "Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests." Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. QUALIFYING STATIONS. The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test "A," accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, 4DO, 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.

##### 1926 11

4DO and 4RB can hear G's but cannot hear each other
   With the Hams. . . . Another case of skip distance on 35 metres comes from 4DO and 4RB. Both had arranged a schedule on two occasions at 5 a.m. on Monday mornings, but neither could hear a "peep" out of the other. 4DO could hear G-2OD calling 4RB, but couldn't hear "RB's" replies. Both (4RB and 4DO) had been QSO on previous evenings reporting each other R7. No adjustments were made before the "sked" time the next morning. How come?
4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
   FOR SALE, four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from HAROLD HOBLER, Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.
4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
   DX NOTES. . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend Hobler also added another "worked" country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.

##### 1926 12

4DO takes second place in the Jewell "Miles per Watt" Contest
   SHORT WAVES . . . "MILES PER WATT" CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio "Miles per Watt" 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. H. L. Hobler, Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts.
As previous, further detail
   JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. Mr. Harold Hobler (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean & Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. Hobler raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.

#### 1927
##### 1927 02

4DO, calling upon his experience as "Aerial" for the Rocky "Morning Bulletin" pens an article for Qld Radio News describing his Short Wave Transmitter
   A Short Wave Transmitter. By H. L. HOBLER, A-4DO. . . . The great interest displayed in short-wave amateur radio work the last year has been very marked, noticeably by the number of new stations which have been heard, and by those who have acquired their A.O.P. certificates with the hope of shortly being active transmitting stations. The true radio amateur has found that the real fascination of radio lies in the exchanging of signals with others in all parts of the world and not in turning the dials and knobs of a broadcast receiver. A transmitting set, of course, requires a little more study and experimentation than does a receiving set, before it can be thoroughly understood. A transmitter is no harder to construct than a receiver, but when we are manipulating a receiver we can hear our results, whereas, with a transmitter, we have to rely very much on the indicating metres to tell us how the instrument is working. The correct adjustment of a transmitter is also essential for the production of a steady wave of the desired wave-length, still if one understands the fundamentals of a receiving set there is no reason why he should not be able to construct and operate a transmitter, too. Valve transmitters make use of similar parts to those used in valve receivers, but they are generally of a more substantial nature, so that they will withstand the larger currents and voltages used in transmission. Transmitters have their valves, coils, condensers, and sources of energy just like a receiver, and because it has been proved that good material betters the results from a receiver, let is be a guide to us and let us also use good apparatus in our transmitter. Before constructing a transmitting set of any kind it is necessary that you be in possession of the amateur operator's certificate of proficiency. The holder of this ticket is permitted to operate a low powered transmitter on certain wave-lengths with a certain amount of power. The examination consists of a theoretical paper and an operating test of 12 words per minute. When the certificate has been secured application is made for a transmitting license and when this is granted you obtain your callsign and are ready to start. The heading of this article introduces the instrument about to be described. It is a simple little transmitter designed primarily for low power work on the (Start Graphic Caption) Fig. 1. (End Graphic Caption) two active amateur bands, namely, 40 and 80 metres. The circuit employed is the shunt fed inductively coupled Hartley, adopted for its simplicity, efficiency and flexibility, and is illustrated in Fig. 1. Before commencing to make up the set it is necessary to decide on what valve and power is to be used, and purchase the respective parts accordingly. As the set described is intended for low-power work, let us take a suitable, efficient valve for the purpose and design our transmitter accordingly. The UX-210 tube has proved very efficient, so we will adopt this as a basis for use in the set described. (Start Graphic Caption) Fig. 2. (End Graphic Caption) Fig. 2 shows the panel layout of the transmitter. Three indicating metres (Jewell) can be seen and are all that are required. The top meter is the thermocouple ammeter which measures the aerial current, the bottom left is the plate milliammeter for ascertaining the plate current, and the alternating current filament voltmeter is at the bottom right. At the top right-hand corner the aerial tuning condenser is situated, while at the opposite corner a dial is fixed to balance the appearance of the set. There is nothing behind this dial - the space being provided in case a second aerial condenser was required for very shortwave transmission. On the left of the middle row of controls is the milliammeter switch, used to cut the plate meter out of circuit once the power has been measured. If this meter were left in circuit when transmitting the continual fluctuation of the pointer every time the key was depressed and released, would tend to shorten the meter's life, hence it is cut out after the set has been tuned for use and the power measured. The rheostat and peep screen can also be seen in the centre row and need no explanation, save that the rheostat must be of suitable dimensions to carry the current taken by the filament of the transmitting tube. The bottom condenser is of .0005 mfd. capacity, and is shunted across the grid-plate coil as shown in Fig. 1. This is the main tuning control.
   The Coils. The primary and secondary coils are of copper strip, spaced wound with celluloid strips holding the turns apart. Each coil has 10 turns, but only 5 turns of the aerial coil are used. Complete details of how these coils were constructed will be found in the November, 1926, issue of this paper. (Start Graphic Caption) Fig. 3. (End Graphic Caption) Figures 3 and 4 show back views of the transmitter, and most of the apparatus can be readily identified. The coils are seen supported on a glass tube (similar to 1/2 in. steam gauge glass), the variation of coupling between them being effected by sliding the coils to or from each other. The glass tube is supported by two pieces of pine of suitable height to permit the coils to have ample clearance in all directions, and fits into a groove made in each piece of wood. The radio-frequency choke coil has 175 turns of 24 D.C.C. wire on a 2 in. cardboard former, and is arranged so that tappings can be taken at 75, 100, or 175 turns. It is mounted on the baseboard near the power supply terminal board, and not far from the plate terminal of the valve socket. A 5-watt UV202 tube is shown in the photographs and when it expires - or perhaps before - will be replaced by a UX 210. It has proven a great tube, having worked overtime and overloaded all the time for a period of seven months. In fact the plate is a dull cherry-red three seconds after the high-tension is switched on. On the right-hand side of the set (from front) a terminal strip carrying two terminals, is mounted. These terminals are for the aerial and earth. A similar strip is also mounted on the other end of the baseboard carrying four terminals - two for the plate supply and two for the filament supply. No, it is not a direct steal from April, 1926, "QST." The set was built long before that. The plate blocking condenser is a home-made one and better than a number of those which have been tried. It is made up of tinfoil and layers of varnished paper, the whole being rolled up to a size similar to a Ford spark coil condenser. The two connecting wires are attached to the respective sheets of foil by cementing with celluloid and celluloid cement, made of acetic aether in which a small piece of clean cinematograph film has been dissolved. These wires are then brought to two connecting studs, arranged on a suitable cover into which the condenser is fitted. Under short tests this condenser has withstood 55O volts A.C. and is, when working, subjected to approximately 350 volts R .A .C. (rectified alternating current). It is absolutely essential to use a good condenser for plate blocking which will stand the voltage across it, otherwise a breakdown will result in a direct short-circuit of the high-tension supply. A condenser breaking down in such a circuit as used in the set described will result in a deal of arcing taking place at the manipulating key contacts. The panel should be very rigid, because, when the rheostat is being used a certain amount of tension is put on the panel, which will cause it to wobble if loose. When fairly large currents are used in the filament circuit it is sometimes of advantage to have the rheostat mounted on a separate panel. (Start Graphic Caption) Fig. 4. (End Graphic Caption)
   Power Supplies. Having sufficiently described the layout of the transmitter and the necessary components to use, it is now necessary to deal with the power supplies. The simplest way of getting suitable energy for the plate and filament, when alternating current is at hand, is to use a step-up and step-down transformer. This method for obtaining both high-tension and low-tension current can be a single transformer with high and low voltage windings, or a separate transformer for each case. When only one transformer is used for both supplies a slight drop in the filament voltage occurs when the key of the transmitter is depressed. This is due to the extra load being put on the transformer, when the high voltage is taken from it. The filament drop is only a fraction of a volt, and nothing really to worry about, so please yourself whether you get the single transformer for both purposes or a separate one for each supply. The circuit diagram shows the connections for a single transformer having both filament and plate windings. Fuses are inserted in the respective circuits to prevent damage to the windings. The primary of the transformer is connected to the A. C. mains from which it is designed to work satisfactorily. The output windings should give such voltages and amounts of current to suit individual requirements, and the plate winding must have a centre tap. A centre tap in the low-tension winding is also beneficial at times and well worth having. To smooth out the rough low-frequency alternating current it is necessary to use some means of rectification. One of the most simple, efficient and cheapest methods is the gaseous tube rectifier, where rectification of voltages for amateur transmission purposes is desired. The Amrad S tube is thus a very handy rectifier for our purpose, and I would advise you to use a couple of these tubes in a full wave rectification circuit. The chemical electrolytic rectifiers are fast becoming obsolete for high-tension supply work, and for the most are messy and as a rule not to be compared with the gaseous tube rectifier. Two Amrad S tubes are shown in the schematic diagram in Fig. 1. and it will now be observed why the plate winding of the transformer must have a centre tap. Of course, the voltage between the centre tap and each outside terminal must be the same. Other power supplies may, of course, be used and if pure direct current current can be employed throughout, it will be possible, by the proper proportioning of contestants and use of the correct components, to emit a pure signal much resembling a whistle. This is what is called a "direct current note," and comes next to a crystal controlled signal for perfection. Without some sort of filter the rectified supply will not be anything like direct current. A good filter is shown in the diagram of the circuit, and consists of a choke coil having an inductance of at least 30 henries, and two condensers having a capacity of not less than 2 mfds. each. It is not essential to use a filter but better signals will be transmitted by doing so and remember, a good note is practically everything in low power long distance work.
   Tuning. The transmitter, being completely and correctly wired up and ready for operation, it is now necessary to tune the set to the required wavelength for transmitting. Place the clips on the grid-plate coil as follows:- Grid clip at extreme end near aerial coil; panel clip at other end; filament clip four turns from grid clip. Shunt the tuning condenser right across the grid and plate clips. Turn on the power supply to the primary of the transformer, after seeing that all of the filament rheostat's resistance is in circuit. Now gradually cut out the filament circuit resistance by "turning on" the rheostat. Continue to do this until the filament voltmeter shows the reading at which the filament of the valve should be burnt. This valve is given by the manufacturers of the valve, and is marked on the
   carton as "filament voltage." Put the plate milliammeter in circuit and listening on a short wave receiver, situated near the transmitter, on the wavelength band in which you wish to radiate your signals. Press the transmitting key and the pointer of the milliammeter should deflect. Vary the capacity of the shunt grid-plate coil tuning condenser until you hear your signals in your receiver on the desired wavelength. Now couple the aerial coil to the grid-plate coil inductively, having the coils about one inch apart. Tune the aerial circuit now, to resonance with the circuit already tuned. The aerial being connected to the end of the coil nearest the grid plate coil, it will only be necessary to alter the earth clip and aerial condenser capacity to obtain resonance, which is indicated by the maximum deflection of the aerial ammeter pointer. Final adjustments can be made to all tappings and condenser settings if necessary for the production of the best signal. The coupling distance between the two coils can be altered, and the greater this distance the better the signals emitted - in most cases, although I have found at my station that very loose coupling makes the wave very broad and weaker than when fairly tight coupling is used. However, don't have the coupling too tight, otherwise the set will not oscillate or will only oscillate intermittently. When the transmitter has been finally adjusted for maximum radiation and transmission on the desired wavelength, with fairly loose coupling employed, very slightly detune the aerial circuit by altering the condenser capacity in that circuit. This will result in a drop of indicated aerial current, but it will make the transmitted signal steadier, and the strength will be just the same. Experiment extensively with the coil tappings and tuning condensers, for their correct position will make a big difference to the strength and tone of your signals. When the transmitter is oscillating properly on the wavelength you desire to work on you are in for some of the greatest fun ever had, and if you are keen you will find that radio, particularly amateur radio, does take up your time. The results from such a transmitter as the one described should be most gratifying. With a good note and a signal equal to those of other stations using similar power, you should be able to reach right across the world and should get to the U.S.A. and nearer countries regularly, when using a wavelength in the vicinity of 35 metres. On the 80-metre wavelength band you should have no trouble in raising all Australian and New Zealand districts with ease. Such a transmitter will also work excellently with very low power input, signals being copied up to 1000 miles distant when using 90 volts high-tension. Again, using 350 volts on the plate and an indoor aerial 12ft. long, communication has regularly been carried on over distances of 800 miles.
4DO enters WIA Traffic Test No. 1
   With the Hams. There appears to be a general slackening off in ham activities everywhere since the setting in of the summer months. There are, of course, the ever-increasing number of "freshmen" coming on the air, but the majority of the older enthusiasts have disappeared. Affairs in the fourth district are much the same, although one or two little things have happened to break the monotony. . . . The results of the W.I.A. Traffic Test number 1, which, I think, have not been made known before, are as follow's:- 4RB, 280 points; 4WN, 230 points; 4CG, 210 points; 4AW, 170 points; 4MM, 150 points; 4AN, 90 points; 4DO, 60 points; 4WH, 40 points.
4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
   THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.
As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
   THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY. At the Tivoli last night Mr. V. Hobler, who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, "The White Sister" will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as "The Son of a Sheik," "The Black Pirate," "Romola" and "The Big Parade," their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)

##### 1927 03

4DO included in a list of Queensland amateur transmitters
   Latest List of Call Signs of Queensland Amateur Transmitters. . . . 4DO.- Hobler, Harold, 8 Lennox St., Rockhampton.
4DO testing a Hertz aerial
   WIRELESS NOTES. BY "AERIAL." . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.
4DO receives a QSL card from England
   WIRELESS NOTES. By "Aerial." . . . "DX Notes." . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.

##### 1927 04

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
   PERSONAL NEWS. . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, H. L. Hobler, J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.
4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
   DX NOTES. As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .

##### 1927 07

4DO needs filter condensers to get back on air
   With the Hams. Phone transmissions on the short waves seem to be the present vogue and chief topic of the day. Probably inspired by the splendid stuff put out by 2XAF, 2XAD, 2XG, PCJJ, etc., a number of hams have been trying to do better with their own Xmitters. . . . 4DO has been back at his QRA since February but as he has been kept busy managing a couple of theatres in Rockhampton we haven't heard much of him since his return from Sydney. He expects to be on the air fairly regularly now, as soon as he can get some decent filter condensers.

##### 1927 10

4DO installs a motor generator & considers amateur broadcasting
   DX NOTES. . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. Hobler, of this city.

##### 1927 11

Qld Radio News reports 4DO restricted to using an indoor antenna
   Among the Amateurs. Well, fellows, things have been fairly active during October and among the things noticed was the return of the Western DX India etc. . . . Talking about indoor aerials 4DO has come to that stage too. What, License not renewed? Or just QRP etc., FB sigs. anyrate for an indoor job.

##### 1927 12

4DO a member of the Rag Chewers' Club
   Among the Amateurs. . . . Second District Notes. The Rag Chewers' Club. The club was formed eighteen months ago, with the idea of promoting friendly conversations among the hams and to eliminate the "Nil hr. cul." type of QSO, also to encourage good operating. Any member who calls CQ thirty times before is liable to be crossed off the membership list, Hi! All that is necessary to join the club is to join the club is to "chew the rag" with a member for at least half an hour, report this conversation to the "Old Sock" (2NS), and get the member to do the same, and if all is in order your membership card will be forwarded. Chewing the rag for half an hour does not mean trying to get your sigs. through QRM or QRN for that time, but a solid half-hour of conversation. Members are asked to send single whenever possible. Entrance fees are nil, as all expenses are born by the "Old Sock." The following is a list of members :- OA: 2MH, 2DG, 2RB, 2GW, 2SS, 2DY, 2SO, 2UK, 21], 2WB, 2RO, 2RT, 2HC, 2RX, 2EP, 2SA, 2IM, 2RH, 2MR, 2NS, JIP, JAJ, 3HL, JAL, 3GF, 3YN, JKR, 3VP, 3HR, 3RB, 3LJ, 3ES, 3GR, 3GM, 3IF, 4DO, 4RB, 4GO, 4WE, 4NW, 4MM, 4LJ, 4CG, 4MF, 5LF, 5WH, 5HG, 5BW, 5BY, 5CM, 5DX, 6MU, 6IS, 7DX, 7CS, 7BQ, 7CW, 7LJ, 7CH. OZ: 1AF, 1AL, 1FE, 1AP, 1AB, 1AV, 2BN, 2AR, 2AA, 3AQ, 3AP, JAN, 3AW, 3AX. NU.: 5ATF, 5QL, 6BPG, 7MH, 8BAW, 9UU, 9CKR. New Hebrides: HVW. "Old Sock" would like to thank all who have helped with the club, particularly 2MH, 3AL, 7DX, 7LJ and 4MM, the latter being the club's booster in Queensland. Also would be very pleased to hear from members at any time who may have any suggestions or ideas. Let's hear from you, OM's.

#### 1928
##### 1928 03

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club & elected president
   RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON. As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.
4DO tries his hand at amateur broadcasting making it Rockhampton's first broadcasting station
   WIRELESS NOTES. by "AERIAL" . . . LOCAL TRANSMITTING. Listeners in the city and district were surprised to hear the local amateur station 4DO on the air last week, testing telephony on about 240 metres. Reception was excellent, the only interference being a slight hum from the generator. Mr. Hobler will be continuing tests this week and would welcome reports on his transmissions.

##### 1928 04

4DO advertises to sell his home made 3 valve receiver
   MISCELLANEOUS . . . THREE VALVE Wireless Set For Sale Complete. Good Loudspeaker Results. HAROLD HOBLER, Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1928 05

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
   ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. H. Hobler presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. H. Hobler, Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1928 06

4DO hears the Southern Cross
   WIRELESS MESSAGE. The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— "Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us." At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — "Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross." After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled "The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon." A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— "Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later."

##### 1928 07

4DO passes his Certificate of Proficiency in Radio Telegraphy
   WIRELESS ENGINEER AND OPERATOR. Mr. Harold L. Hobler has received the gratifying news from the Chief Inspector of Wireless in Melbourne that he successfully passed the final examination for a first-class wireless engineer and operator. For each of the five subjects which it is necessary to pass Mr. Hobler gained over 75 per cent. This certificate entitles the holder to the position of a sea-going operator. Mr. Hobler is to be congratulated on his success.

##### 1928 08

4DO's sister wins second prize in the Art Union run by the Rockhampton Radio Club
   RESULT ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB ART UNION.— 1st Prize, 1275, D. Cox, 78 South-street, Rockhampton; 2nd Prize, 1006, Miss Jean Hobler, 8 Lennox-street, Rockhampton, 3rd Prize, 1746, Miss E. Knowles, c/o Mrs. Rout, Windsor Hotel, Rockhampton. Drawn at Club Room, 17th August, under supervision of, and certified by C. R. Noyes, Esq., C.P.S.; Harold L. Hobler, Esq., Pres.; E. H. Symons, Esq., Vice President; W. L. Moon, Esq., Hon. Secretary. Prizes can be obtained on presentation of winning ticket to W. L. Moon, 170 Denham-street.
4DO advertises for sale his complete transmitting and receiving station
   FOR SALE my Complete WIRELESS STATION, including worldwide range shortwave valve transmitter and two-valve receiver, 3-valve broadcast receiver; motor, generator, rectifiers and other equipment. Also Windsor ZITHER BANJO and Case, HAROLD HOBLER, Tivoli. 'Phone 342.

##### 1928 11

Qld Radio Inspector visits the Rockhampton Radio Club, 4DO as president gives thanks
   WIRELESS NOTES "AERIAL" . . . RADIO INSPECTOR HERE. During the week Mr. Armstrong (Queensland Radio Inspector) paid a visit to Rockhampton and met several local amateurs. On Tuesday night he attended a special meeting held by the Rockhampton Radio Club on the occasion of his visit, and many points of interest were discussed. There was a good attendance of members and lengthy talks were held on the howling valve nuisance and other items of interest. Mr. Armstrong outlined several sub-jects of valuable use to the amateur, touching on the examination for the amateur operators, proficiency certificate, transmitting, regenerative valve receivers which most likely caused interference, the functioning of the valve, and other subjects. He appreciated the work the club was doing in its endeavour to help wireless generally. At the conclusion of the meeting the President (Mr. Hobler) suitably thanked Mr. Armstrong on behalf of the club for his interesting remarks and attendance.

##### 1928 12
#### 1929
##### 1929 04

Rockhampton Radio Club celebrates one year of existence, 4DO re-elected President
   WIRELESS NOTES "Aerial" . . . COMPLETES FIRST YEAR'S WORK. The Rockhampton Radio Club, which has now been established for 12 months, held its annual meeting at the Club's rooms recently. There was a large attendance of members and for the occasion the room was decorated with streamers and the Club's call letters, VK4RC, were mounted above the installation and set off with lighting effects. The patron of the Club, the Mayor (Ald. T. A. Dunlop), congratulated the members on the work they had done throughout the year. This had been carried out under difficulties, for money had to be raised and a suitable room secured before active work and building of apparatus could be commenced. The election of officers for the ensuing 12 months resulted:— President, Mr. Harold L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. E. H. Symons and J. Gillan; hon. secretary, Mr. W. L. Moon; assistant secretary, Mr. H. Wilkings; treasurer, Mr. G. Harris; publicity officer, Mr. H. L. Hobler; auditors, Messrs. E. Symons and H. Wilkings; committee, Messrs. Symons, Harris, Johnston, Wilkings, Semfel. The Secretary read the annual report, which was considered a very successful one for the Club's first year's efforts. Much had been done in co-operation with the Queensland Radio Inspector and the P.M.G.'s Department, in trying to eliminate the howling valve nuisance. Many lectures had been delivered by various members, a good deal of wireless equipment had been purchased and a 3-valve all-wave receiving set had been constructed. Morse code practice was available for those desirous of learning. The Club has now moved to a more spacious room in Quay-street, above the offices of the Australian Estates and Mortgage Co. Intending members are asked to get in touch with the secretary, 170 Denham-street, 'phone 1074.

##### 1929 05

4DO gives a paper on Wireless to the Rockhampton Rotary Club
   PAPER ON WIRELESS. Rotary Club's Luncheon. BY MR. H. L. HOBLER. The following paper on wireless was read by Mr. Harold L. Hobler at the local Rotarian luncheon on Wednesday last:— In compiling this paper on wireless, or, as it is perhaps better known today, radio due consideration has been given to the fact that technicalities are of little interest to those not directly connected with radio activities. Consequently throughout technical matter has not been used, except where necessary to facilitate the explanation of a certain subject. I have endeavoured to make the paper as interesting as possible, giving a brief, but somewhat complete history of wireless from the early discoveries to its present day stage of perfection. In this way the paper reads more as a story of advancement in progress and explanation of points which the public are most likely to wish to know. In the first place, it must be remembered that wireless, in any shape or form, is not the invention of one person alone. For years the public have accepted the mistaken impression that one man was the inventor of radio. This is not so. Probably the cast who have contributed to making wireless what it is today numbers hundreds of persons. It is true that the famous Italian scientist, Guglielmo Marconi, is looked upon as the inventor of the remarkable method of communication, but, in the proper sense, Marconi had to adopt the discoveries of other scientists to perfect his own invention. He incorporated them in his first patent. Going back to the first stages of development, the initial experiments of great men, which have contributed so largely to the development of wireless, we find that in 1831 Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction between two entirely separate electrical circuits, a discovery of such importance that it exists as a principal factor in radio today — nearly 100 years later. This method of induction is utilised still for the transference of energy in receiving and transmitting stations all over the world. Hence Faraday was a big contributor to radio. Other minor discoveries were recorded, but it was not until 1867 that anything was really made clear as to how wireless signals could be sent through the air. In this year James Clerk Maxwell read a paper before the Royal Society, dealing with the theory of electromagnetism, and he predicted then the existence of electric waves, which are now used in wireless telegraphy and telephony. Twenty years after this a German scientist made one of the most important of all discoveries. He discovered the progressive propagation of electromagnetic action through space, and was able to measure the length and speed of electromagnetic waves, and to show that in the transverse nature of their vibrations, and their susceptibility to refraction and polarisation, they are in complete accordance with the waves of light and heat. Hertzian waves, as they were called, are the basis of wireless signalling today, and his form of aerial for transmitting signals is used by amateurs all over the world at the present time for worldwide communication. In the following years experiments by many scientists were continued, in 1895 Marconi began to interest himself in the problem and the next year took out the first patent ever granted for a system of wireless telegraphy. This was the first patented system of wireless, and as has been pointed out previously earned for Marconi the title of "inventor of wireless." The following years have seen wonderful improvements in the advancement of the science. Many men's experiments have been used and the result is radio as it is today, one of the greatest wonders of the world. The waves used to convey the messages through the air are of utmost importance. It is these waves which carry the signals, voices and music from the transmitting stations to the listeners. They are the old waves which Heinrich Hertz discovered when he found that a Leyden Jar discharged at one end of a room affected another at the extreme end of the room. These "ether waves," as they are sometimes called, are the basis of communication by radio. They travel in a sheath about 40 miles thick surrounding the earth and will penetrate every known substance. Concrete, iron, steel, wood, cement yards thick, and even glass, the greatest insulator known cannot stop them. They travel under the earth, over mountains, through walls and everywhere. Their speed is the most remarkable part of them, for it is 186,000 miles per second. Hence, when we come to reason it out we find that a wireless message will travel seven and a-half times round the world in one second. It is the existence of waves like these wireless waves that contributes a great deal to our knowledge of the world and the universe. It is through waves of light that we gain a knowledge of the stars and of the existence of other worlds in space. It is through waves of sound that we are able to communicate with each other and to hear occurring events. The two main senses of man are dependent on waves or tremors. Wireless waves have the same speed as light waves, but they differ in length. As stated, it is on these waves that wireless signals are transmitted. From the speed at which they travel it is possible to see that a person speaking at the other side of the world would be heard here one-fifteenth of a second later. A sound wave differs from a radio or electric wave in that it is much slower, so slow, in fact, to be easily recognised. When these wireless waves are sent out from a broadcasting station there is impressed on them the voices or music that is being transmitted. This impression is in the form of another wave, but both waves are electric. If they were sound waves and of an audible frequency we could hear them as they passed through the air. Immediately on being sent from the aerial at the transmitting station they strike the aerial of the receiving station, for once they are propagated into space they travel in all directions, just the same as waves do when a stone is thrown into a pool of water. After striking the receiving aerial they flow along the wire down to the receiving set. They are still electric waves and vibrating at an enormous frequency which cannot be heard by the human ear. After coming to the wireless receiver they pass through an instrument known as the tuner and on to the valve where they are made into a steady direct current. From the valve they pass to the loudspeaker, still in the form of electric waves and inaudible to the human ear. In the loudspeaker they undergo a complete change, for this instrument changes them from electric waves to sound waves. The sound waves issue forth from the funnel or cone as no doubt most of you know. The loudspeaker's job is a big one, for it handles tremendous volume at times. It has to change the electrical impulse into audible and recognisable sounds, so that they correspond exactly with those which are being transmitted from a broadcasting station hundreds of miles away. This is one of the most wonderful things in wireless to think that waves carrying speech and music sounds hundreds of miles through space, unseen, unknown and inaudible, and then collected, tuned and rectified, are brought out again the same as they were sent many miles away. A big section of the public do not quite know how it is that one particular item can be heard and not all the others sent at the same time. The answer to this is that one station is tuned from the other. All stations are allotted different wavelength to broadcast on. These are tuned to a certain length at the broadcasting station and when they are sent out they remain constant. Before these can be heard at the receiving station the operator has to tune his instrument until it is in resonance or tune with the signal sent out. When his instrument is exactly in tune with a certain station it will pick up the signals from that station and no others. Immediately he alters his set to another wavelength he cannot hear the station to which his instrument was originally tuned, but may pick up another on a different wavelength. It is by this means of tuning that a listener can tune his set to pick up any broadcasting station he wishes to hear and at the same time cut out all the other stations broadcasting at the same time, but which he does not wish to listen to. To convey simply, and without the use of technical phraseology, the principle underlying the transmission of speech and music through space is not the easiest matter. We are all too familiar with ordinary speech to give much attention to the fact that it is just ordinary everyday wireless telephony. Nature has supplied our bodies with a transmitter and receiver, and the air which surrounds us is the connecting link by which we convey intelligible sounds to each other when we talk. It is not necessary for two persons to clasp hands, or in any other way to be tangibly connected, before information can pass between them. Taking ourselves, however, as a simple analogy, our transmitters (meaning our mouths) have a very limited range. Compared with wired or wireless telephony the distance over which our voices can travel and be understood is negligible. Our receivers also, which, in this case are our ears, have a limited range of sensitivity, there being many sounds present in fact, which we cannot hear at all. The only sounds the human ear is capable of hearing are those of an audible frequency: that is, those which lie between 200 and 20,000 waves per second. The ordinary wired telephone, which is used so extensively today in some respects, is similar to a wireless system. It is a complete circuit connected to an electrical source of supply, which gives a continuous flow of electricity through the circuit. A transmitting and receiving device is also incorporated in the circuit. So long as the current remains at a steady rate of flow in the circuit the receiver is unaffected by it, but when we speak into the transmitter the diaphragm at the back of the microphone vibrates and causes variations to travel round to the diaphragm of the earpiece. This causes similar vibrations to be heard in the receiver and conveys whatever is being said to be heard by the listener. This is only a simple analogy of wireless transmission, but shows how the fundamental principles are somewhat the same. To outline the many uses of radio in all its capacities would fill a book. A few years ago the bridging of vast distances was thought to be impossible. Only the super wireless stations, with their aerials towering hundreds of feet above the earth, could send their messages across continents. Today we find the stage of development such that thousands enjoy the pleasures of radio broadcasting. The farmer is kept in touch with all the news he wants; ships at sea receive storm and weather warnings of invaluable assistance and supply to their passengers newspapers compiled from wireless press signals, and amateurs all over the world communicate with each other, using quantities of power that are just sufficient to light the tail lamp of a motor car. Today radio in all its branches is recognised as a great public service. It gives enjoyment to millions, is the means of saving thousands of lives, and, perhaps, most important of all, is one of the finest of all sources of communication. In some cases the public do not seem to realise its value, for they are not acquainted with what it is accomplishing for mankind. It is when one delves into its various forms and accomplishment that one realises the great serviceable source it is. Yesterday we were sceptical of its predicted values. Today we have proof of its good and great achievements. Tomorrow — who knows?

##### 1929 07

4DO listens to the 2FC rebroadcast of the King's Thanksgiving Service, simultaneously with the direct shortwave broadcast from 5SW England
   WIRELESS NOTES "AERIAL" . . . KING'S THANKSGIVING SERVICE. A notable achievement in the broadcasting world was established on Sunday last when station 2FC Sydney, rebroadcasted the King's Thanksgiving Service from Westminster Abbey. The rebroadcast was effected as follows:— 5SW, Chelmsford, England, broadcasted the service on a short wavelength. This was picked up by Montreal, Canada, and again transmitted. Amalgamated Wireless, Sydney, received the Canadian station, passed the signals to 2FC by landline and then 2FC rebroadcasted the exact service on its normal wavelength to Australian listeners, thus allowing those with ordinary broadcast sets to listen to the service. Mr. Harold Hobler, of Lennox-street, reports hearing the service from 2FC on a broadcast set and simultaneously listened to the actual transmission from England on a shortwave receiver. As the service came through the speaker from Sydney, it also came through the headphones direct from Westminster Ab-bey.

##### 1929 08

Report of meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club with 4DO in the chair
   WIRELESS NOTES. by "Aerial" . . . RADIO CLUB ACTIVE. The usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held on the 16th instant. There was a good attendance of members, the President (Mr. H. L. Hobler) occupying the chair. After the correspondence had been dealt with and several accounts passed for payment, the business was carried on with. It was decided to draw up a roster of regular transmissions from the Club, these to be announced later. So far transmissions have been made on various nights, but a regular schedule would offer better facilities of reception to listeners. It was also decided to conduct extensive experimental tests in the near future, concerning the transmission of test music from other localities. Code practice occupied the remaining portion of the night, while a few items were sent over the air after 9 o'clock. The Club is still desirous of getting as many members as possible, and any enquiries will be gladly received by the secretary, 170 Denham-street, Rockhampton.

##### 1929 11

4DO rebroadcasts the Melbourne Cup but not as successfully as previous year
   Getting The News. ELABORATE arrangements were made to broadcast the news of the Cup by wireless and through the sporting telephone agencies. But the long distance and intervention of static were handicaps. Mr. Harold Hobler managed to pick up a fair description of the race, but it was not nearly so clear as was the ac-count of Statesman's victory last year. Mr. Hobler picked up the narrative just before Nightmarch caught and passed Phar Lap, and followed up to the finish.
4DO included in a long list of logs by a WA listener
   WIRELESS NEWS. (By "Radio.") . . . Stations Logged. Although he prefers to be known as "Licence 12160" the listener who has supplied this week's list of stations logged is noted for his DX work and his enormous list, received on a three-valve Reinartz set, speaks well of his ability and patience. His list is as follows:— Victoria. — 3LO, 3AR, 3UZ, 3WM, 3KB, 3JO, 3CA, 3LS, 3KW, 3GS, 3KS, 3JK, 3OT, 3XK, 3LP; New South Wales: 2FC, 2BL, 2ME, 2KY, 2HS, 2RC, 2YJ, 2SH, 2RZ, 2CC, 2CK, 2CU; South Australia: 5CL, 5DN, 5WR, 5CM, 5HG, 5RJ, 5XG, 5WH, 5OM, 5RJ, 5BW, 5WS. Queensland: 4QG, 4AW, 4DO, 4CM, 4NW, 4AC, 4WS, 4MF. New Zealand: 2AQ, 1AN, 3AM, 2AG, 2AC, 2AW, 1AO. Tasmania: 7CH, 7MK, 7CW, 7GH. England: 5SW (Chelmsford), 2NM (Caterham), GBK (Bodmin), GBH (Grimsby). Africa: Durban and 7LO, Nairobi, Kenya Colony. Canada: CJRW, CJRX, CJRW, CF. India: 2FV, AL2BG. America: 2XAF, 2XAD, 2XAL, WGY, KDKA, WHAM, 2XE, 2XA, NAJ, NPG, WDS, WHO, NEL, W9AT, NOSN, WIK. Holland: PCJ, PCJJ, PCLL, PCLL, PCMM, PCTT. France: LL, 8GR, 8WB, FARO. Germany: AGB, POX. Hawaii: NPM, Southern Cross, VMZAB. Japan: JOCK, JOC, JYZ. Aden: BZF. Venezuela: SV7ZMQ. Indo China, HVN. Russia, RFN, RCRL. Philippine Islands: KZRM, KIXR, KZET. Spain: EAM, Dutch East Indies: PKH, ANE, ANH, PKT, PKX.

##### 1929 12
### 1930s
#### 1930
##### 1930 03

4DO included in a list of stations logged in Sydney
   WIRELESS AND BROADCASTING. . . . BY METRE. Experimental Transmitters Working on Sunday Evening, Between 9 p.m. and 10 p.m. N.S.W.: 2JC, 2WK, 2NS, 2HK, 2LE, 2HU, 2RJ (2nd district). Victoria: 3HK, 3HL, 3BQ, 3CW, 3LF, 3ES, 3PE, 3EH, 3BW (3rd District). Queensland: 4DO, 4CM, 4BH, 4CG, 4AO, 4RJ, 4JR, 4WI (4th District). South Australia: 5IT, 5KJ, 5RW, 5GR, 5WR (5th District). West Australia: 6MO, working U.S.A. (6th District). Tasmania: 7DX, 7WI, calling 3rd District, and also U.S.A. New Zealand: 2AC, 4AO, both calling U.S.A. U.S.A.: W4FTW, calling 5WR, South Australia, with test mge. W2CXL, calling 6th District, U.S.A. W6AM, calling WFAT. WFAT, Byrd Expedition, working W6AM. W4AJD, W4AJK, W7AO, calling 6th District, U.S.A. All the abovementioned stations were operating between 40 and 42 metres. Quite frequently as many as four or five Australian stations were signalling simultaneously. Important experimental tests with U.S.A. are in progress just now. Some of the local boys are doing splendidly, considering the very adverse static conditions obtaining.
4DO arranges a benefit for the unemployed of Rockhampton at his Tivoli Theatre
   Unemployed Relief Concert. ARRANGED BY TIVOLI. The committee of the Unemployed Relief Fund has approached the entertainment houses of Rockhampton with a view to assisting the fund by means of benefit entertainments. In this respect it has met with success and raised a considerable amount. Further assistance in this direction comes from the Tivoli Theatre, which will hold a sacred and classical concert on Sunday night next. The manager of the Tivoli (Mr. Harold Hobler) has made arrangements for members of his staff assisting for the occasion to give their services gratis. This they have consented to. The programme to be offered consists of a varied range of items. The Railway Band will be present throughout the evening and will render several selections. Individual items will be given on the cornet and other instruments. On the vical side Mr. T. George will sing a few numbers. Miss O. Davies will contribute some classical numbers to be selected. A recitation and some special items on the non-synchronous equipment, including "O Solo Mio," sung by Enrico Caruso in Italian; and "For You Alone"' in English; "Una Voce Poco fa," a Toti Dal Monte number; "Donna Non Nidi Mai" (from the opera "Manon Lescaut," sung by Beniamino Gigli with orchestral accompaniment), and "Cavalleria Rusticana" on the violin, will add to the programme. The concert will commence at 8.45 p.m. and admission will be by silver coin. His Worship the Mayor (Ald. R. Cousins) will be present. Donations to the relief fund to date are as follow:—

##### 1930 05

4DO reported in an amateur notes column stating he has built a new transmitter and is seeking reports
   Amateur Notes. . . . VK4DO has built a new transmitter and would like reports.
4DO advertises to sell a shortwave radio
   MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS & RADIO. £9 BUYS Short Wave Radio RECEIVER, perfect order, guaranteed receive music from America, Holland, Siberia, etc. HAROLD HOBLER, Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1930 06

A Brisbane "Amateur Notes" Column notes that 4DO is currently silent
   Amateur Notes. . . . VK4DO is silent.

##### 1930 08

4DO visits Brisbane for a few weeks
   PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS. . . . Mr. Harold Hobler left by the mail train this morning for Brisbane, where he intends to spend a couple of weeks.
As previous, 4DO returns to Rocky
   PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS. . . . Mr. Harold Hobler, who had been spending a holiday in Brisbane, returned home yesterday afternoon.
4DO places in the ARRL International Radio contest
   WIRELESS FEAT. MR. HOBLER'S SUCCESS. According to the latest monthly magazine issued by the American Radio Relay League, the well-known local radio experimenter, Mr. Harold Hobler, has further added to his list of wireless feats, being the only Queenslander to gain a place in the International Radio contest, which was conducted in February last by the American Radio Relay League for the purpose of finding the most efficient amateur radio stations in all parts of the world, and proving the status of the radio amateur. The tests were conducted on strict lines, every message handled being official and provided with code numbers and particulars to avoid any origination of incorrect messages. The contest, in which 31 countries were represented, extended over a fortnight, and consisted of the exchange of messages between North America and other countries. The American amateurs were provided with official test messages, which were sent in the form of a query to other amateur stations outside of the U.S.A., when communication was established. The receiving station would then have to formulate a reply to this message and send it direct to another station in America. During the fortnight of the contest Mr. Hobler communicated direct with 38 American amateurs from his station in Lennox-street, exchanging easily readable signals, and gained a total of 392 points, being the only amateur in Queensland reported. Outside of this country his station gained 17th position against every competing station. When it is considered that Australia is one of the furthest countries from America, and that the power used by Mr. Hobler was not much more than that used to light the headlamp of a motor car, it will be seen that the performance was a noteworthy one. The equipment used by Mr. Hobler was entirely constructed by himself.

##### 1930 09

4DO reported on air again in a Brisbane Wireless News Column
   Amateur Stations. . . . VK4DO on air again.
4DO appointed Sectretary pro tem of new company Tivoli Talkies replacing previously combined business of the Tivoli & Arcadia
   TIVOLI TALKIES LIMITED. Incorporation Yesterday. A company was incorporated yesterday under "The Companies Acts 1863 to 1913", known as Tivoli Talkies Ltd. Amongst others, the objects of the company are to acquire the business previously carried on by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres at the corner of Bolsover and Fitzroy streets, Rockhampton and to instal sound equipment in the theatre forthwith. The provisional directors of the company are Messrs. W. L. Hobler, mercantile manager; Joseph Kenna, chartered accountant; F. A. Horner, salesman; E. A. M. Palmer, barrister at law; and E. Dennis, storekeeper; and the secretary pro tem is Mr. Harold Hobler. Messrs. Rees R. and Sydney Jones, solicitors, registered the company.
Further to previous, Tivoli Talkies, Ltd calls for public subscriptions
   TIVOLI TALKIES LIMITED. On another page in this issue appears the prospectus of Tivoli Talkies, Ltd., from which it will be seen that 10,000 shares are open for subscription by the public. The promoters of the company are confident that there is room in Rockhampton for a second talkie theatre and that the investment will prove sound, safe, and profitable. Mr. Harold Hobler is secretary pro tem, and Mr. Reg. H. Mahoney authorised broker.
Further to previous, The Prospectus
   PROSPECTUS. TIVOLI TALKES LIMITED. Registered in Queensland under the Companies' Acts 1863 to 1913. COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES. NOMINAL CAPITAL — — — £20,000 DIVIDED INTO 20,000 SHARES OF £1 EACH. 10,000 Shares of £1 each, offered for public subscription and payable as follow:— 2/6 per share on application. 2/6 per share on allotment. The balance in calls of 2/6 per share at intervals of not less than one month 10,000 Shares of £1 each, to be held in reserve. 20,000. DIRECTORS: JOSEPH KENNA, Chartered Accountant, East-street, Rockhampton. EWAN ARTHUR MILFORD PALMER, Barrister-at-law, Quay-street, Rockhampton. FRANK ALEXANDER HORNER, Salesman, Quay-street, Rockhampton. WILLIAM LEARMONTH HOBLER, Mercantile Manager, East-street, Rockhampton. ERNEST DENNIS, Storekeeper, Yeppoon. Bankers: THE AUSTRALIAN BANK OF COMMERCE, LIMITED, ROCKHAMPTON. Solicitors: MESSRS. REES R. & SYDNEY JONES, ROCKHAMPTON. Auditors: MESSRS. JOSEPH KENNA & CO., Chartered Accountants, ROCKHAMPTON. Secretary Pro Tem: HAROLD L. HOBLER. Registered Office: BOLSOVER-STREET, ROCKHAMPTON. OBJECTS: The Company has been formed with the object of acquiring and rebuilding on modern lines the Tivoli Theatre at the corner of Bolsover and Fitzroy streets, Rockhampton, with a view to the screening of Talking Pictures, the production of vaudeville or other theatrical and/or other entertainment, which in the opinion of the Directors may be considered conducive to the profitable employment of the Company's capital. To acquire other theatres and propositions if such should be considered desirable. CONTRACTS: The Company intends to adopt an agreement dated the Eleventh day of September, 1930, entered into between William Learmonth Hobler and Ernest Dennis of the one part, and Ewan Arthur Milford Palmer of the other part, on behalf of the Company prior to its formation for the purchase from the Vendors of the Land described as Subdivision 1 Allotment 1 Section 43, County of Livingstone, Parish and Town of Rockhampton, situated at the corner of Bolsover and Fitzroy streets, Rockhampton, containing 1 rood, together with buildings thereon known as the "Tivoli Theatre," together with the seats, engine, plant, bioscopes, piano, fittings, &c., as enumerated in the inventory prepared (which may be seen upon application to the Secretary of the Company) and including goodwill for the sum of Five Thousand Pounds (£5000), payment to be made as follows: £1000 not later than 18th February, 1931. £2000 in equal half-yearly payments of Five Hundred Pounds (£500), each, extending over a period of two years from the date of the the first payment — without interest. 2000 fully paidup Shares of £l each. £5000. A Copy of the proposed Agreement may be inspected at the office of the Company's Solicitors. ESTIMATED PROFITS: In estimating the profits of the Company the Promoters have adopted a policy of caution in minimising the probable receipts and allowing for a maximum of expenditure. After providing for every reasonable contingency the Promoters are of opinion that the venture will prove a highly profitable one to investors. MANAGEMENT: The actual management of the Company's business will be in the hands of Mr. Harold L. Hobler, under the direct supervision of the Directorate, one of whom, Mr. W. L. Hobler, has been actively associated with the motion picture movement for the last sixteen years. Mr. Harold L. Hobler has been well and favourably known to the public for many years in connection with the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, as Manager. GENERAL: With a view to the immediate earning of revenue it is proposed to instal Sound Equipment without delay. Open air theatres have proved themselves eminently suitable for perfect reproduction of sound and voice, and the representatives of Companies selling Sound Equipment who have reported on the building are unanimous in the opinion that the Tivoli Theatre by virtue of its shape and general layout would give perfectly satisfactory results. Realising, however, the necessity of giving patrons comfort and the best of service it is proposed to rebuild the Theatre on modern lines as soon as sufficient capital is available, paying particular attention to the necessary acoustic and climatic requirements. In placing this proposition before the public, the Promoters do so without limitation in the full and conscientious belief that the venture is thoroughly sound and safe and highly profitable investment. Mackay and Cairns with a population of not more than approximately one-third of Rockhampton, each have three Talking Picture Theatres. Townsville has four, and numerous small towns in the north, even including Babinda, have installed Sound Equipment; therefore, there is surely room for another Talkie Theatre in Rockhampton. The advent of a second Company in the Talking Picture business will mean that many large film attractions which are not being screened locally by virtue of the fact that one Theatre cannot absorb all the films, will now be made available to the public of Rockhampton and Central District. With the recent amalgamation of Fox Films Corporation and Hoyts' Theatres, it is expected that independent exhibitors will benefit considerably. Application for shares should be made to MR. REG. J. MAHONEY, authorised broker, or THE SECRETARY, TIVOLI TALKIES, LTD., Registered Office, Bolsover-street, P.O. BOX 169. 'PHONE 342.

##### 1930 10

4DO again reported as active in a wireless news column despite business activities
   AMATEUR STATIONS. . . . VK4DO, D.C. signal on 40 metres. . . .
4DO's Tivoli Theatre shows its first Talkie
   TALKIES AT TIVOLI. Opening Tonight WITH "RIO RITA" After many years of showing silent pictures, the Tivoli Theatre will open tonight with its first "Talkie" programme. His Worship the Mayor (Ald. T. J. Lee) will officially perform the ceremony at 8 o'clock. For some months past it has been generally known that the Tivoli has been a likely talkie theatre. Recently a new company has been registered under the name of Tivoli Talkies Ltd., and since the formation marked progress has been made. The object was to acquire the Tivoli Theatre and instal sound equipment, carrying on the business as a talking picture theatre. This has been done, and for the last three weeks alterations and much work has been done to instal the necessary talkie picture equipment and improve the acoustic properties. By its construction the Tivoli was always a good sounding house and the tests held throughout the week indicate that the reproduction will be all that is necessary and desired. BEBE DANIELS as Rita Ferguson in "Rio Rita." Every consideration was given to the new venture. It was realised that only the best talkie equipment was good enough, and at the same time it was necessary to arrange for film supplies of the highest standard. With this end in view, Mr. Harold Hobler, manager of the Tivoli, visited the south and secured first-hand information on all sound equipment and film supplies available, and the result is that only the best of films will be screened and on the most up-to-date apparatus. After careful selection it was decided to instal R.C.A Photophone talkie apparatus, the product of the Radio Corporation of America and the General Electric Co. of the United States. The success of this machine is world wide, and there is none better procurable. Of all "talkies," "Rio Rita" was selected for the opening performance, for it is generally considered that it is the finest production yet made from every point of view. John Boles, who created a sensation as the "Red Shadow" in "The Desert Song," plays the title role with Bebe Daniels. Both are heard to great advantage in the entrancing musical numbers which are a feature of the picture. All the last portion is gloriously done in natural colours, enhancing the immense production and making it an entertainment of the very highest degree. JOHN BOLES, who portrays Capt. Jim Stewart. Another feature of the production is the Pietro Cimini grand chorus of 80 male voices, and famous Symphony Orchestra, the vocal items, inspiring dance routines and beauty assemblies which show for the first time the endless possibilities of the speaking screen. The existing financial depression and the demand for better entertainment at cheaper prices was not forgotten by the management, who have decided on admission charges well within the reach of all, namely, 2s. 5d. and ls. 6d., children half-price. At these prices and offering the type of entertainment promised the Tivoli Theatre should meet with the success it rightly deserves. Reserve seats may be held at Paling's without extra charge.

##### 1930 12

4DO prepares a long programme for his Tivoli Talkies in December
   ENTERTAINMENTS. Tivoli Talkies. ATTRACTIONS THAT ARE COMING. Talkie picture patrons of Rockhampton will be well provided for in the matter of talkie entertainment during the present month. The manager of Tivoli Talkies (Mr. H. L. Hobler) advises the booking of several big attractions which have already won praise and recommendation since their screening in Southern theatres. Commencing tomorrow, December 10, a diversified all-talking programme, including "Side Street," a turbulent, dramatic all-dialogue attraction starring for the first time in the history of motion pictures, three brothers, namely Tom, Matt, and Owen Moore. "Side Street" is a glamorous drama of big city life and tells a unique and compelling story of three brothers fighting for each other and yet against each other, in an authentic film play of New York's underworld. The accompanying film will introduce to local audiences Ann Harding, famous Broadway star and noted player of the picture "Holiday," which is at present recognised as one of the biggest attractions in Sydney. Miss Harding is supported by an all-star cast, and the film in which she acts is an outstanding blackmail story. On Saturday, December 13, the most outstanding of any entertainment yet offered on the talking screen will be presented by the Tivoli when, for the first time in the history of talkies, the late Lon Chaney will speak. The production is "The Unholy Three," in which the late world famous character player takes five parts and speaks in five different voices. Lon Chaney has the support of Lila Lee, Elliott Nugent, and a brilliant cast in this his first, last, and only talkie. It is safe to say that nothing yet offered in talkies will create such interest as this Lon Chaney picture. Although Lon Chaney will be heard speaking in five different voices each voice is his own. This has been sworn to by him before the Notary Public in Los Angeles. Pathetic interest attaches to "The Unholy Three" because of the fact that while making this picture Lon Chaney strained his throat, and after it was completed died from the effects. In support will be screened a variety of subjects which will make up the balance of a 100 per cent. programme. Featured is a new type of talkie entertainment "College Hounds," a Dogville comedy in which 200 dogs talk, laugh, and sing. Advance reports state that Dogville comedies are a riot. Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy, two of the foremost comedians of the present day, will be seen in an added comedy "Hoose Gow." The names of the stars alone guarantee laughs in this two-reeler. Other shorts will be included. Next in order comes two of Fox Films talkies, "Words and Music," and "Masquerade," both highly entertaining star features. Playing the principal parts in "Words and Music" are Lois Moran and Daive Percy, long standing stars of repute. "Masquerade" gives Clyde Cook his first big chance as a talkie comedian, and he proves himself a real laugh-getter in this attraction. Next due for screening is "The Very Idea," Radio Pictures' comedy sensation, directed by William Le Baron from the famous stage play which ran for a season of 18 months in London, and lengthy periods in Paris, New York, and Berlin. It is a fast comedy played by nine noted screen artists, and heralded as one of the most unique talkie attractions yet produced. In support will be "Oh Yeah," a railway melodrama, starring Robert Armstrong, popular screen player of "The Racketeer." "Behind That Curtain," Fox Films extended season attraction, will be the chief item on the next programme. With Warner Baxter, Lois Moran, and Gilbert Emery in the cast and adapted from the novel by Earl de Bigger "Behind That Curtain" brings to the screen one of the most outstanding of mystery thrillers. Most of the action of this story is centred in India, with a moving local from Scotland Yard to San Francisco. "Behind That Curtain" is one of the current year's noted pictures. For the conclusion of the month another Fox long-run attraction will be screened. This is "Black Watch," and stars Victor McLaglen, and Myna Loy. In silent days there was no more popular star than Victor McLaglen, and with the coming of talkies his popularity has become even greater. In "Black Watch" he is provided with the finest star role in his career; with an able cast his comedy and dramatic ability combine to offer an outstanding performance. "Black Watch" is a very fine attraction and with an array of short subjects will fittingly terminate a list of pictures which for entertainment value could not be bettered.
4DO makes a donation to the depression struggling Mt Cassidy Mine
   MT. CASSIDY. ORE FOR TREATMENT. Sent To Monkland. GOOD RESPONSE TO LEVY. Mr. J. C. Peterson, M.L.A., met a deputation from the claimholders' committee yesterday morning in regard to securing the services of a Mines Department's officer to attend the crushing test at Gympie of the Mt. Cassidy ore. Mr. Peterson immediately telephoned to the Minister for Mines (Mr. A. E. Atherton), who promptly acceded to the request. Ore Despatched. A meeting of the Mt. Cassidy claim-holders' committee was held yesterday morning, Ald. D. D. Dawson presiding. There were also present:— Messrs. N Richardson, R. Staines, J. H. Salmon, F. Irving and R. E. Hartley (hon. secretary). An apology was received from Mr. C. Murphy, who was absent from town. The secretary reported having obtained the necessary requisition from the Warden (Mr. O. Power), completed the necessary certificate to receive "M" class rates, plus 10 per cent, and despatched the ore, of which the net weight was 19 tons 15 cwt., to Inglewood battery, Monkland, Gympie. It was anticipated that the ore would reach Monkland on Friday afternoon and that the crushing would commence on Monday next. The manager of the Inglewood battery had been advised that the ore was on the way and when to expect it. The chairman reported the result of the deputation to Mr. Peterson and advised that, at Mr. Peterson's request, the Mines Department would send an officer to Monkland to supervise the crushing. A hearty vote of thanks to Mr. Peterson was passed for the assistance he had rendered. It was unanimously decided that the hon. secretary should proceed to Monkland to look after the interests of the claimholders, with special instructions to work under and in co-operation with the officer appointed by the Mines Department. Mr. Hartley will give particular attention to the matter of the sampling to see that a proper average sample of concentrates and tailings is secured for assay. Public Support. Further generous support was forthcoming from business firms yesterday. In addition to £24 7s. 6d. already subscribed, Mr. T. M. Kelly, Banksia, forwarded a donation of £2 2s. and Messrs. Boldeman's Ltd. and Burns and Twigg Ltd. donations of £1 1s. each, making a total of £28 11s. 6d. Claimholders' Levy. The total amount received to date from claimholders who subscribed the voluntary levy of £1 per claimholder is £70 and was subscribed by the following:— E. J. Millar, A. Bradshaw, E. J. Noonan, C. Hooper, P. J. Stack, J. A. Noonan, T. J. Millar, V. C. Grieve, E. M. Millar, O. Cooke, T. Henderson, T. E. Horsfield, R. T. Henderson, D. H. Henderson, K.I.I., S. Smith, R. Cruickshank, J. H. Salmon, W. Fraser, F. J. P. Scanlan, J. A Robinson, H. J. Claridge, D. Milton, D. T. McKenzie, J. J. Booker, N. Richardson, J. J. Judge, D. Hall, C. Hall, G. O. Cooke, B. S. Collins, The Rugby Party (£3), D. A. McKenzie, S. and A. Mellick, D. Fraser, E. A. Jolly, J. M. Salmon, J. Hynes, A. T. Calder, A. Morgan, J. Scanlan, Crocker and party £1, A. Greer, S. Rodgers, W. L. Hobler, H. L. Hobler, F. Livingstone, H. M. Conaghan, C. Murphy, P. J. O'Hara,' R. G. Sweeney, V. R. Foster, T. A. Garrick, P. J. Noonan, Mary Noonan, R. A. Staines, D. E. Staines, R. E. Hartley, M. M. Pickering, R. F. Pickering, D. Bill, W. A. Smith, T. H. Smith, A. J. Smith, E. J. Smith. F. W. Nicklin, L. and H. Goodson, W. H. Goodson, H. G. Hopes. There are still a few promises to be fulfilled, and the committee will be pleased to receive them. All donations and subscriptions will be acknowledged through the press.

#### 1931
##### 1931 03

4DO's March program of Talkies at the Tivoli is published
   TIVOLI TALKIES. MARCH ATTRACTIONS. During March Tivoli Talkies Ltd. will conduct a monster movie month. The manager (Mr. Harold L. Hobler) advises that some outstanding special attractions have been booked for the occasion, and during the month nothing but the best in talkie entertainment will be offered. This will be followed by the release locally of several film exchanges 1931 service, including productions from First National, Warner Brothers, RKO Pictures Ltd., together with many Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer attractions, Fox Movietone productions and several of the highest calibre British productions, including "On Approval," and five features with the same cast as that which appeared in "Rookery Nook." The opening attraction for March will be Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's "Chasing Rainbows," which stars the cast of "The Broadway Melody," namely Charles King, Bessie Love. Also included are three great funmakers. Polly Moran, Marie Dressler and George K. Arthur. A technicolour production, "Chasing Rainbows" offers something unique and particularly pleasing, for it is a splendid talkie, combining many song hits, delightful musical numbers, laughs, romance and gorgeous settings and dance numbers. Some of its settings are superb. In conjunction Hurry Langden will appear in the all-talking comedy, "Big Kick," while the novelty Dogville comedy "Hot Dog" will add to the programme. Hundreds of dogs talk and sing in this clever and humourous screen novelty. Wednesday, March 4th, will see the screening of Universal's epic achievement, "Show Boat," featuring a cast of players which rival any yet appearing in a single photoplay. The beautiful voiced Laura La Plante, with Joseph Schildkraut, Otis Harlan, Alma Rubens, Emily Fitzroy, Harry Pollard are seen and heard. "Show Boat" was produced in conjunction with Florence Ziegfeld, the master who gave the world such pictures as "Rio Rita" and "Hit the Deck." One hears the musical hits from the famous stage play, the negro songs, the beautiful love lyrics, and is presented with a picture of outstanding merit. A full programme of shorts will appear in addition. On Saturday, March 7th, Rockhampton audiences will have the pleasure of hearing for the first time locally the famous Ramon Novarro talk and sing in the big roadshow talkie, "Devil May Care." Novarro sings five songs in this dramatic and carefree story of flashing swords and audacious love. He is excellent as always, even eclipsing his unforgettable work in "Ben Hur" and "The Pagan." Harry Langdon will be featured in the added picture, "Head Guy," and shorts will round off the programme. Richard Dix, who met with instantaneous success as a talkie star when he appeared in "Seven Keys to Baldpate," will appear in "Loving the Ladies" on March 11th. As usual Dix gives a great performance, made a hundred times more interesting by the very fine dialogue and comedy sequences. Lois Wilson and Rita La Roy support him. In the second feature "Hurricane," Hobart Bosworth, Johnny Mack Brown and Leila Hyams combine in giving a splendid dramatic story of the high seas. Saturday, March 14th, will mark the local screening of Ann Harding in one of the year's most noted films, "Holiday," a picture which has won the unstinted praise of every newspaper in the south, and which have stated to be the finest dialogue production yet screened. Mary Astor, Eduard Everett Horton and Robert Ames are co-starred. "Holiday" is one of the few pictures which played an extended run in Sydney a few months ago, when even the so-called best talkies could not draw audiences for more than a week. "Holiday" is a talkie that will appeal to everyone, and will be accompanied by a full all-talking list of items. William Haines, Leila Hyams, Polly Moran, and Marie Dressler next appear in "The Girl Said No," a Metro-Gold-wyn-Mayer special all-talking comedy, in which the wise-cracking, lovable Bill is seen at his best. The supporting players combine in putting over a riotous and laughable movie. Our Gang Kids will appear in conjunction in " Tough Weather," while the ever popular William Boyd will be seen also in "His First Command." Saturday, 21st, will bring Norma Shearer again in her greatest success, "The Last of Mrs. Cheyney," Britain's greatest modern play with a 99 per cent British cast. Miss Shearer, it will be remembered, won the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences Medal in 1930 for the greatest actress of the year. In "The Last of Mrs. Cheyney," her performance is wonderful, and will establish her as one of the screen's finest artistes. "Great Gobs," a naval comedy, will add to the entertainment. Next comes the thrilling murder-mystery talkie "The Bishop Murder Case," adapted from S. S. Van Dines' most successful novel, Basil Rathbone, Leila Hyams and George Mullion play the stellar leads. Nothing so thrilling, mysterious and eerie as this murder story has yet graced the talking screen, it provides excellent entertainment and never lets the interest let up. "The Shrimp," a riotous comedy, will balance the screening. This will conclude the list of offerings for the March movie month, and such a particularly excellent list of entertainment will no doubt meet with the ready response it merits. Full particulars will be advertised as the attractions are due to appear.
4DO and the Tivoli team give a presentation to the soon-to-be-married second operator
   A PRESENTATION. The Tivoli Theatre office provided a happy scene on Monday evening last after the performance, when a presentation was made to the assistant operator, Mr. John Acheson, in honour of his approaching marriage to Miss Alice Seery. After several toasts were drunk the chairman of directors (Mr. W. L. Hobler), on behalf of the directors, manager and staff, presented Mr. Acheson with a handsome silver afternoon tea service, and in a few short remarks, paid tribute to the services rendered by him in his several years of employment at the Tivoli. The manager (Mr. Harold L. Hobler) endorsed the speaker's remarks and expressed appreciation for the splendid interest always taken in his work by Mr. Acheson, and the splendid character he always showed as an employee. Mr. Wakefield also spoke in eulogistic terms of Mr. Acheson. All wished his wife-to-be and himself every success and happiness in the future. Mr. Acheson, who was loudly applauded, suitably replied, thanking them for the presentation. The singing of "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow" brought the proceedings to a close.

##### 1931 08

4DO testing with a newly constructed transmitter including amateur broadcasting
   AMATEUR RADIO TESTS. Mr. H. L. Hobler's Experiments. For the past few weeks Mr. Harold L. Hobler, Lennox-street, has been testing a recently constructed wireless transmitting set, and so far has received many excellent reports on the transmissions, although the duration of the tests have been limited. Next Sunday night after 8 o'clock Mr. Hobler will conduct a further series of tests from his station 4DO, transmitting both speech and music on a wavelength of 240 metres. Any reports and criticisms on these tests will be much appreciated by him. For the last eight years this experimenter has been transmitting on all wavelengths, and on the shortwaves has been heard in England, America and many countries, speech on one occasion being reported from China. The higher wavelengths are now being used again, and it is hoped that listeners will co-operate and report to him on Sunday night's experiment.

##### 1931 09

4DO again trying his hand at amateur broadcasting
   TESTS TO-MORROW NIGHT BY MR. H. L. HOBLER. Following on previous transmission experiments, Mr. Harold L. Hobler will again conduct tests to-morrow night (Sunday) on a wave length of 250 metres from 6.30 p.m. to 7.30 p.m. He will transmit for an hour from his experimental station in Lennon street and would much appreciate reports from anyone picking up his transmissions. The experiments transmitted from this station a fortnight ago were reported by many listeners to be most satisfactory. Since then, however, improvements have been made, and Mr Hobler looks forward to to-morrow night's transmission being the best yet. It is hoped that lis-teners will tune in on 250 metres and let this local experimenter have some reports.
As previous, further detail
   MR. HOBLER REGULARLY TESTING. The local experimental station, VK4DO, owned by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, has recently been conducting several experiments on different frequency bands, and is now regularly on the air on wavelengths of 250, 42, and 21 metres. The higher wavelength is used for musical and vocal tests, which are carried out over the weekends, principally on Saturday afternoons and Sunday evenings, after 6.30 o'clock. On the lower waves code and telephony is used for long distance work. The transmission on 250 metres has improved a great deal lately, and those who have not heard this station should tune in to it during the weekends. Crystal reception of 4DO's transmission has frequently been reported.

##### 1931 10

4DO advertises to sell his 2 valve all-wave receiver
   MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, RADIO. FOR SALE, 2 valve, all wave, and 3 valve RADIO RECEIVER. Cheap. Former holds many records. HAROLD HOBLER. Tivoli Theatre.
4DO to again test in the AM radio band, requests reports of reception
   WIRELESS by "Aerial" . . . Mr. Harold L. Hobler, owner and operator of experimental station VK4DO, will be transmitting tomorrow night between 6.30 and 7.30 p.m., on a wavelength of 250 metres, from his station at 8 Lennox-street. Listeners are requested to report on his transmissions.

##### 1931 12
#### 1932
##### 1932 01

4DO's Tivoli Talkies declares a dividend of 10 per cent, despite the ongoing depression
   TIVOLI TALKES LTD. Highly Successful Year. DIVIDEND OF 10 PER CENT. PAID. It is indeed refreshing in these times of general depression to find a company in the enviable position of being able to pay from profits the handsome dividend of 10 per cent on a trading period of only eight and a-half months. This young company commenced business on October 18th, 1930, and notwithstanding the downward trend of business generally during the whole of that period, the directors were able to convey to shareholders at the first annual meeting held recently, the gratifying information that after setting aside a liberal reserve for taxation, etc., a dividend of 10 per cent would be paid from the trading profits of the period. Better still, the dividend was to be made payable forthwith; as a matter of fact it has since been distributed to the fortunate shareholders. With the prospects of general improvement in business which is already in evidence, shareholders may reasonably look forward to even a more prosperous year than the past. IMPROVING THEATRE. The question of increasing the capital of the company was carefully considered by the directors some months since, but it was deemed advisable to defer action until such time as it could be shown to the public that the proposition was one in which they could invest with confidence. This having been done, a further parcel of £1 shares is now being offered at par, payable 2s. 6d. on application, 2s. 6d. on allotment, and the balance in monthly instalments of 2s. 6d. per share. It is the intention of the directors to use the new capital in improving the Tivoli Theatre, particular attention being given to the comfort of patrons in the way of seating, etc. Very satisfactory arrangements have been made with several leading film exchanges for the supply of pictures for 1932, amongst which are included several of the world's best productions. Tivoli patrons may, therefore, look forward with pleasurable anticipation to the screen entertainment to be provided for them. With the exception of film hire and a small sum for service of equipment, the whole of the company's revenue is distributed in Rockhampton and the surrounding district. For this reason alone the proposition should have a strong appeal to residents of Central Queensland. At the annual meeting the share holders warmly congratulated the directors and management upon the splendid results achieved and expressed particular appreciation of the fact that none of the directors had received any remuneration whatsoever for their services. Mr. G. B. Shaw has been appointed broker for the company and applications for shares can, therefore, be made either direct to him or Mr. Harold Hobler, manager and secretary for the company.

##### 1932 03

4DO wins award for his promotion of the motion picture "Dirigible"
   "Dirigible." SILVER TROPHY AWARDED TO MR. HAROLD HOBLER. A solid silver trophy, representing a dirigible in flight and partly obscured by clouds, has been awarded to Mr. H. L. Hobler, manager of the Tivoli theatre, who feels honoured in the knowledge that his advertising of the motion picture "Dirigible" was considered the best in this State. The "Dirigible" silver trophy is handsomely mounted and engraved, and was sent from the Columbia Films Studios in Hollywood as a fitting trophy for the best talkie production launched from their organisation. Mr. Hobler utilised various methods to bring the picture before the notice of the public principally through the local newspapers, and it was gratifying indeed to be notified by the Sydney office of Greater Australasian Films, agents for the picture, that he had been successful, and that his exploitation had been the best submitted in the Commonwealth. The judges considered that the cheapness, effectiveness, and results of Mr. Hobler's campaign made it outstanding, and the film trade papers — "Everyone's" and "The Film Weekly" — described it as one of the best ever put out for a movie.
As previous, further detail
   COMES TO ROCKHAMPTON. "Dirigible" Silver Trophy. OUTSTANDING ADVERTISING. Many of those who were in Rockhampton a few mouths ago will remember the excellent advertising campaign conducted for the motion picture "Dirigible" prior to and during its Rockhampton season, and it is doubtful if any picture has ever before been exploited in such a manner as was this Polar story. The Rockhampton advertising campaign was conducted by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, manager of the Tivoli Theatre, who has received the gratifying news from the Sydney office of Greater Australasian Films, agents for the picture, that he has been awarded the special "Dirigible" Silver Trophy for the best advertising of the picture in this State, while his extensive exploitation was the best submitted for the whole of the Commonwealth. Embracing many systems of advertising, not forgetting even the noteworthy goat, and largely using the "Morning Bulletin" for a medium, Mr. Hobler's campaign was considered by the judges to be outstanding for its effectiveness, cheapness and ultimate results. The film trade papers — "Everyone's" and "The Film Weekly" describe the campaign as one of the best ever put out for a movie. The trophy is beautifully done in MR. H. L. HOBLER. solid silver, representing a dirigible in flight and partly obscured by clouds. Handsomely mounted and engraved, it was sent from the Columbia Films Studios in Hollywood as a fitting trophy for the best talkie production launched from their organisation. It will long serve to remind the successful winner of a great advertising campaign and a fine picture.
Comprehensive report in Everyones about 4DO's efforts at the Tivoli to promote "Dirigible"
   How Hobler Won "Dirigible" Contest in Queensland. AFTER a perusal of his scrap-book and a digest of the stunts employed, no wonderment could be felt that Harold L. Hobler, manager of Tivoli Talkies, Ltd., Rockhampton, was returned as the winner of the "Dirigible" exploitation trophy for Queensland. A brief review will be sufficient to substantiate the statement that a campaign par excellence would have been necessary to beat him. A FEATURE of the drive was the amount of newspaper space taken in advertising and the amount obtained in free space. Altogether 335? inches devoted to advance notices and reviews appeared in the only two Rockhampton newspapers, and of that total 535 inches consisted of free news matter. Advertisements and puff stuff commenced to appear on August 19, or nearly three months before the season actually started. How many theatres, country or city, could equal such a record as that? Among the ads. taken were two full pages, one in color, costing £2 8; while the free space included the publication of the story of "Dirigible" in serial form. Window Displays. Window tie-ups and part window displays were arranged with 34 shops, the publicity matter consisting of daybills, snipes, hanging dirigible models, cut-outs, photographs, etc. As an added method of attracting attention, models of dirigibles done in cardboard were suspended over the footpath in many instances. Screen advertising was availed of in every possible manner. Slides were screened as early as three months before the season was scheduled to start; and special aeroplane effect records were played on the non-synchronous unit during the exhibition of all "Dirigible" slides. Twenty-eight slides, all different, were used, and of these eleven were designed so that, when shown in sequence, they would arouse the audience's curiosity as to what message the last two would convey. These bore the name of the picture. For stage effects, a home-made cut-out was stretched across the drop curtain in order that, during the interval and prior to the show, the audience would once again be thinking in terms of "Dirigible." The idea was worked every night for four weeks prior to opening. Street Ballyhooing. A large street float was repeatedly run through Rockhampton and suburbs, both before and during the season, and when not travelling it was left standing in prominent city positions. Made locally, the dirigible was pivoted so that it revolved in the wind. For a fortnight also it was suspended in the orchestra pit, illuminations, showing up the windows in the gondola. The Campaign Summarised. Dealt with briefly, and in a summarised form, the remaining stunts give some idea of the magnitude of a truly great campaign. Nine sandwich boys were used for a week, each carrying one of the letters making up the word "Dirigible." For the three weeks prior to the premiere night signs were placed in every Rockhampton tram. Calico bus signs were used on every bus route in Rockhampton and suburbs. Snipes and daybills were plastered extensively throughout the city and suburbs. "Dirigible" stickers were stuck on cigarette packets, parcels, windows and other places of value, including, in particular, the railway, where the notice boards, parcels and scales got their full share. Couriers were despatched to all schools, placed in private letter boxes, delivered by a distributor labelled "Dirigible" to all shop employees, delivered and posted to leading citizens, and placed in motor cars. Furthermore, every school was separately circularised. A goat walked the main streets, wearing a rug on which was painted on each flank, "Even I Know 'Dirigible' is wonderful." The Tivoli itself was decorated with flags, bunting and "Dirigible" bills. Scatter ads. were placed in the "Wanted" columns in the newspapers. One thousand "Dirigible" season pass throwaways were distributed. A tie-up was arranged with the Vacuum Oil Company, using special banners, as used in Sydney, on all their waggons. Sixteen spare-tyre covers were made locally and used on taxis. Three "Dirigible" contests, were conducted, and all dirigible models entered were displayed in Paling's window. The "Dirigible" sound trailer was used for several days. Frames advertising the picture were screened in the three leading hotels. An "Aero Night" was held, members of the Central Aero Club witnessing the show. The club's aeroplane was used to plug "Dirigible," and on the opening day the 'plane dropped two "lucky" parachutes, couriers and several "lucky" balloons to which passes were attached, over Rockhampton. Permission was sought from the City Council to hang large "Dirigible" streamers across the main intersections. As expected, the request was refused, but valuable space was obtained in the City Council newspaper reports when the matter was brought under discussion. A calico banner, measuring 42 feet, was placed around the Union Hotel on the corner of two main streets. The letters each measured one yard, and the "R" was purposely painted upside down just to get 'em guessing. "Park Here" signs were placed around the theatre day and night, stating "Park Here For 'Dirigible.'" "Dirigible" streamers, seven feet long, were draped around the railings of city hotels. Vacuum Oil signs, with reference to Mobiloil and "Dirigible" were suspended from the bowsers of leading garages; and a spruiker was used in the main street, telling them where, when and what "Dirigible" was. Even the humble goat was brought in in the cause of good publicity.
4DO on holidays at Emu Park
   PERSONAL. . . . Mr. Harold Hobler is holidaying for a few weeks at the Hotel Riviera, Emu Park.
4DO returns from holiday
   PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS. . . . Mr. Harold Hobler has returned home after spending a holiday at Emu Park. He stayed at the Hotel Riveria during his visit.

##### 1932 07

4DO welcomes Sir Charles Kingsford Smith to Rockhampton on behalf of the Tivoli directors
   FELT AT HOME. Sir Kingsford Smith. WELCOME AT TIVOLI. Three Queenslanders. A large audience greeted Sir Charles Kingsford Smith, world-renowned aviator, at the Tivoli Theatre last night, when he was formally welcomed to Rockhampton. The Mayor (Ald. T. J. Lee) introduced the famous airman and expressed the very great pleasure it gave him, on behalf of the citizens of Rockhampton, to welcome Sir Kingsford Smith to Rockhampton. Mr. Harold Hobler extended a welcome on behalf of the directors of the Tivoli. Mr. T. McLaughlin, president of the Rockhampton Aero Club, briefly welcomed Sir Charles. In reply, Sir Charles Kingsford Smith said he felt at home in Rockhampton. This was the first occasion on which he had addressed an audience in his native State. He and his brothers were proud of the fact that they were born in Queensland. He was pleased to show them the Southern Cross, which made the historic trans-Pacific flight in 1928. Although he had been offered a lucrative position in another country he preferred to return to his native land, and offered no apology for his tour, through which he was endeavouring to make an honest living. If anyone wished to have a ride in his "old bus" he would be only too pleased to accommodate them. The film showing the flight across the Pacific was then screened, and Sir Charles made explanatory comments in humourous vein as it proceeded. He spoke of the wonderful generosity of Mr. Alan Hancock, a millionaire of Los Angeles, who, when they were stranded and aid was refused from Australia, bought the Southern Cross, loaned it to the airmen, and, after their successful flight across the Pacific, presented it to him (Sir Kingsford Smith) as a token of his appreciation. STILL A RECORD. Of course, Sir Charles explained, part of the picture had been remade in the studio from their account of the flight, but the whole film was a faithful reproduction of what really happened. He left California on June 1 accompanied by Ulm, Warner and Lyons, and reached Brisbane on June 9. The actual flying time was 83 hours. It would take the fastest ocean liner in the world 18 days to accomplish the same distance. This feat still stood as a record for the longest over-water hop ever made. The camera flashes gave one an insight into the marvellous courage and endurance of these brave men, who crossed a world of waters under trying conditions, battling with storms and wind, to reach their native shores, triumphant and undismayed. Today the Southern Cross will take up passengers again, and for the benefit of those who cannot afford the longer flights Sir Kingsford Smith will make shorter flights of seven or eight miles at 10s. per passenger. This afternoon the Southern Cross will make two flights from Connor Park aerodrome to Mt. Morgan and back, the first at 3 o'clock. A sufficient number of passengers have booked for the first flight. At 8 o'clock tomorrow morning the 'plane will depart for Townsville, and opportunity may be taken to fly to Townsville. The moderate fare of £4 per head will be charged.

##### 1932 09

4DO one of the few Australian stations included in International list of calls heard in USA and Canada. Another AOCP issued to a Rockhampton amateur
   WIRELESS. by "Aerial" . . . WORLD'S LARGEST CALL LIST. In the last issue of "Q.S.T.," the Official Organ of the American Radio Relay League, over 5000 call signs of foreign stations are tabulated, representing the largest list of calls heard ever published. The list is the result of the recent International Contest, held in March last, and identifies all foreign stations heard in the U.S. and Canada. A glance through the list shows us amongst the few Australians heard, the local amateur station VK4DO, owned by Harold Hobler of this city, who was successful in sending his signals and communicating frequently with American amateurs during the Test period. And by the way Mr. Hobler advises us that he will be transmitting again on the higher waves shortly, leaving 21 and 42 metres for about 240 metres. LOCAL AMATEURS GET A.O.P.C. Mr. W. T. Kelso, of Campbell-street, City, has received the gratifying news from the Chief Inspector of Wireless, Melbourne, that he was successful in obtaining his Amateur Operator's Proficiency Certificate. Mr. Kelso recently sat for the ticket in Brisbane, and all local amateurs will be pleased to hear of his success. He is the second Rockhampton amateur to qualify for the examination, and no doubt it will not be long before we hear him testing over the air.
4DO marries Mary Clare French
   An Evening Wedding. HOBLER — FRENCH. Given away by her father Miss Mary Clare French made a pretty bride for her marriage with Mr. Harold Learmonth Hobler, which was celebrated at the home of the bride's parents at 7 o'clock yesterday evening. The bride is the second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. French, Nobbs street, North Rockhampton, and the bridegroom is the second son of Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler, Lennox street, The Range, Rockhampton. The bride chose a pretty frock of white bridal satin with a lace yoke and long sleeves, and an ankle-length skirt inlet with lace godets, completed at the waist with a diamente buckle. Her wreath and tulle veil were arranged with a headdress of silver tissue trimmed with orange blossoms, and lent by Mrs. C. Ryan. She also wore white satin shoes. She carried a shower bouquet of arum lilies, carnations, and roses, touched with pale pink, and tied with tulle, which had been made by Miss F. Bawden. Miss Jessie Hobler (the bridegroom's sister), who was the only bridesmaid, wore a dainty and becoming ankle-length frock of shell pink georgette with a lace yoke and a diamente buckle at the waist, and a pink tulle cap with touches of silver, and silver shoes. The posy which she carried was composed of pink rose buds, blue lace flowers, and delphiniums, veiled in pink tuile, and tied with pink streamers. Mr. R. J. French (the bride's brother) was best man. The bride's mother (Mrs. French) wore a black satin gown relieved with white. The bridegroom's mother (Mrs. Hobler) wore a frock of fine black silk lace with georgette trimmings. After the ceremony the wedding breakfast was held at Kirby's Cafe, where pink and white were the colours chosen for the pretty and appropriate decorations. The honeymoon will be spent at Brisbane, Tweed Heads, and Coff's Harbour, the bride and bridegroom travelling overland by car. The bride travelled in a wine reversible satin ensemble with mastic trimmings, and a hat to tone. Amongst the many presents received were a cheque from the directors of Tivoli Talkies, Ltd., a beautiful tea service from Mr. R. F. Bond (chief Tivoli projectionist) and Mrs. Bond, and a handsome rug from the staff of the Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1932 12
#### 1933
##### 1933 01

4DO again testing amateur broadcasting
   WIRELESS BY "AERIAL" . . . The local amateur station VK4DO, owned by Mr. Harold Hobler, will be operating again shortly on 21, 42 and the lower broadcast wavelengths, transmitting code and telephony. Listeners are asked to report.

##### 1933 02

4DO advertises for sale a banjo, also a wireless course
   MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, RADIO. FOR SALE, Windsor Zither BANJO, With case, Also Complete wireless course. HAROLD HOBLER, Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1933 03

4DO again trying his hand at amateur broadcasting
   ANOTHER LOCAL TRANSMITTER. Last week listeners had the opportunity of adding another call sign to their list of stations heard, the new transmitter being Mr. Harold Hobler, now located at 18 Hartley-street, Rockhampton. Mr. Hobler has temporarily forsaken his shortwave work on 21 and 43 metres and since Sunday last has been heard testing on approximately 230 metres. Good reports have come from all over Rockhampton and district and those hearing any of the items are asked to report to 4DO. At present the transmitter has as input of only 30 watts to a power type receiving valve and the aerial is only in the vicinity of 10ft. high. Mr. Hobler will be regularly testing and would like listeners to tune in and report.
4DO calls for his competitors to advise by council conditions that Sunday performances be of a sacred character
   SUNDAY CONCERTS. Theatre Managers' Attitude. STRICTER SUPERVISION ASKED. Mr. T. A. Garrick, manager of the Wintergarden Theatre, and Mr. Harold L. Hobler, manager of the Tivoli Theatre, write:— To make our position definitely clear to the general public, we would like to state that at the invitation of the secretary of the Theatrical Employees' Union we joined the deputation to the Mayor, relative to Sunday night entertainments. Our objection is against the nature of the entertainments presented. From the advertisements for months past it would appear that they are general vaudeville and variety theatrical entertainments, whereas we understand permission is granted subject to the presentations being of a sacred or classical nature. We feel therefore that if they are allowed to continue we shall reluctantly be compelled to seek permission to open our theatres on Sunday nights. We did not express a desire to see Sunday night concerts prohibited, but we did ask that a stricter supervision should be exercised when permission is granted by the Council for concerts to be held, and feel that the entertainment should conform to the stipulated conditions.

##### 1933 05

4DO included in a list of experimental stations for Australia in the Wireless Weekly
   VK4DO H. L. Hobler, 18 Hartley street., Rockhampton, Queensland.

##### 1933 07

4DO again experimenting with amateur broadcasting
   WIRELESS NOTES. . . . AMATEUR TRANSMITTING TO-MORROW. Tomorrow night (Sunday) the local amateur transmitter, Mr. Harold Hobler, will be transmitting telephony from 7.30 to 8 p.m. on a wavelength of 230 metres. Listeners are requested to tune into this station and report to the owner. All reports will be welcome and acknowledged by card. The station call is 4DO, and will be found on a higher setting than 4RO.

##### 1933 10

4DO runs a crossword stunt to promote the Tivoli
   AT Rockhampton, Harold Hobler, of the Tivoli, has decided to put a roof over his open-air show in preparation for the coming wet season. He says then he won’t care if it rains cats and dogs. Harold worked a cross-word puzzle stunt through the local paper with the solutions being addressed to the theatre. The response was remarkable and I'll bet the postman had a few hard words to say about showmen in general and Harold in particular when he started out with last Wednesday's mail for the theatre.

##### 1933 12
#### 1934
##### 1934 08

4DO witness in public liability claim against Tivoli Talkies
   CLAIM FOR £100 AGAINST TIVOLI TALKIES. FELL THROUGH CHAIR FRAME AT THEATRE. WOMAN'S ALLEGATION. Alleging that she had suffered injuries necessitating medical treatment through falling through a chair from which the canvas . had been previously removed, Lilian Gertrude Smith, of Cooroorah station, near Blackwater, claimed £100 damages from Tivoli Talkies, Ltd., in the Magistrate's Court this morning. The plaintiff declared that the accident was caused by the negligence of the defendant company. The police magistrate (Mr. A. H. O'Kelly) was on the bench. Mr. E. R. Larcombe (instructed by Mr. D. P. Carey) appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. H. Dever (instructed by Messrs. Rees R. and Sydney Jones) for the defendant. Dr. D. P. O'Brien said, in evidence, that he had treated the plaintiff in January and February last for diabetes. On May 8 last she was brought to his surgery suffering from concussion. She had a lump on the back of her head and was upset. He treated her for three or four days and then allowed her to return home under special circumstances. She had received treatment from him since, the last examination being yesterday. If she suffered from headaches it would be as a result of the accident. The effects of her injuries — headaches, giddiness, and sleeplessness — were likely to be permanent. The injury to the head could have been caused by a blow on a concrete floor. His fee was £15/15/-. Replying to Mr. Dever, witness said that diabetes could cause headaches and giddiness, but the illness had not advanced to a sufficient stage to do so. The plaintiff, Lilian Gertrude Smith, married, said she arrived in Rockhampton from Blackwater on May 8. On the way down, at Westwood, she bought brandy, and took some of it diluted as she was ill. About 8 o'clock that night she went to the Tivoli Theatre and walked down to the front row of canvas chairs where she usually sat. There was no light in the theatre and she was not shown to the seat by an attendant. She went to sit down, but there was no canvas on the frames and she struck her head on the concrete floor. No one had warned her that the canvas had been removed. She arose, dizzy and "walking in space," and returned to the entrance. An attendant told her she was all right and asked her to sit down. She asked him to send for a car to take her to a doctor, and he said, "You don't want a car. Come inside and sit down." She then walked down to the Denham street car rank, but collapsed just as she got there. She was given a drop of brandy and was taken in an ambulance car to Dr. O'Brien. Continuing, witness said she intended to return home the next day, but had to remain four or five days. She spoke to Mr. Hobler, jun., two days after the accident and he would not pay her doctor's bill. Cross-examined, witness said the brandy was still in the kit-bag which she took to the pictures. She had forgotten to take it out. She denied that Mr. Hobler, sen., said he would ring for a car. She did not take off her coat and sit on the kerbstone, nor had she taken any brandy after leaving the train. CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO. MAGISTRATE'S COURT (Continued from Page One.) Giving evidence for the defence, George Edward Gulley, doorkeeper at the Tivoli Theatre, said the plaintiff showed him the seat through which she had fallen. He explained to her that the canvas was taken off the frames owing to rain. He took her to another seat, but she soon followed him to the door and asked him to ring for a car or the ambulance. Mr. Hobler, sen., spoke to plaintiff and then went into the office. The plaintiff sat on the kerbstone for a while and then walked away. She smelt very strongly of liquor. The reflected light from the screen was sufficient to enable the seats to be seen. In answer to further questions, witness said the plaintiff was not warned about the canvas being off the seats. Jack Charles Love Acheson, employed at the theatre, said the plaintiff called to see the manager on May 9. She told him about the accident and said it was fortunate that she had a drop of brandy with her at the time. William Learmonth Hobler, managing director of the company, said it rained between 7 and 7.30 o'clock on the night in question and the covers were removed from some of the seats. He spoke to the plaintiff on the footpath outside the theatre after the accident and asked her if she wanted him to ring for a car. He rang for one, but the plaintiff had disappeared when it arrived. She smelt very strongly of drink. Harold Learmonth Hobler, manager, said the plaintiff asked him over the telephone on May 9 if the company would pay her doctor's expenses. On the following morning she rang him again and asked him to pay the medical fee. The hearing was adjourned until this afternoon to enable evidence to be given in rebuttal.
Further to previous, Tivoli Talkies found negligent
   CLAIM FOR DAMAGES. £20 AWARDED. Woman Fell Through Seat. ACTION AGAINST TIVOLI. Stating that while he found the defendant company guilty of negligence, the amount of the claim was out of all reason, the Police Magistrate (Mr. A. H. O'Kelly) awarded the plaintiff £20 damages in the action, Lilian Gertrude Smith v. Tivoli Talkies, Ltd., in the Magistrate's Court yesterday. The plaintiff claimed £100 damages for negligence, alleging that she had suffered injuries sustained by falling through a chair from which the canvas had previously been removed. Doctor's fees amounting to £15 15s. were included in the £100. Mr. E. R. Larcombe (instructed by Mr. D. P. Carey) appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. H. Dever (instructed by Messrs. Rees R. and Sydney Jones) for the defendant company. Dr. D. P. O'Brien, in evidence, said that the plaintiff was a patient of his and was treated by him for diabetes in January and February of this year. About 9 p.m. on May 8 the plaintiff was brought to his surgery suffering from concussion and was otherwise upset. She was not in a fit state to return to her home next day owing to the effect of her injuries and shock. She was under his treatment for three or four days and though it was advisable for her to stay in Rockhampton, he allowed her to go home under special circumstances. He examined the plaintiff on Wednesday and found that, she was suffering from headaches and giddiness as a result of the accident, and the injuries were likely to be permanent. He charged £15 15s. for the treatment. Mr. O'Kelly: Could the injuries have been caused by the plaintiff falling down and striking her head on the concrete floor and the back of the chair?— Yes. Cross-examined by Mr. Dever, witness said that the plaintiff had not recovered from concussion when she returned home. It was not a severe form of concussion. She was still under treatment for diabetes. Diabetes sometimes gave rise to giddiness and, when advanced to a certain state, to headaches. Mr. O'Kelly: Had the diabetes advanced to that stage?— No. Questioned by Mr. Larcombe, witness said that the plaintiff had lost weight since the accident. This was probably due to the effect of the accident on the diabetes. The plaintiff, Lilian Gertrude Smith, said that she was a married woman residing and employed at Cooroorah Station, near Blackwater. She came to Rockhampton on May 8, and had been to Rockhampton earlier in the year. Tue train journey made her sick, but she stopped the sickness drinking diluted brandy. She went to the Tivoli Theatre a little after 8 o'clock on May 8, after resting at the People's Palace in the afternoon. She was given a ticket for the gallery, but changed it for one in the stalls, as she could not see from the gallery. She had been to the Tivoli about four or five times before, and always sat on a canvas chair in the front row. NO CANVAS ON SEAT. There was no light in the theatre when she went in and she was not shown to her seat by an attendant. She went to sit down, but there was no canvas on the seat and and fell back on to the concrete, bumping her elbow, back, and head. Continuing, the plaintiff said that she received no assistance in getting up and felt dizzy as if she was walking into space. She saw an attendant and asked him why he had not informed her that there was no canvas on the chair. He said, "You're all right, come inside and sit down." She asked him to get her a car to take her to a doctor, but he again told her to sit down. Walking to the car stand at Denham-strect, she was about to call a car when she collapsed. She was taken into the Oxford Hotel and given some brandy. The ambulance later arrived and took her to Dr. O'Brien. Two days after the accident she saw Mr. Hobler, jnr., the manager of the theatre, and asked him to pay for three visits to the doctor. He refused to pay. She claimed £100 damages, including £15 15s. medical fees. DIDN'T BOTHER TO LOOK. Cross-examined by Mr. Dever, the plaintiff said that she went to the Tivoli the day after the accident and saw Mr. Hobler. She did not say to anybody, "Fortunately I had a bottle of brandy in my bag." The brandy was in her bag, but she had forgotten to take it out. She did not bother to look where she was sitting. She could not see the white backs of any of the seats and felt her way along the aisle. Mr. Hobler snr. did not ask if she wished him to telephone for a car. She did not take off her coat and sit on the gutter. She had no brandy after she left the train. She did not see the brandy in her bag when she put the ginger ale in it. Mr. Hobler telephoned on May 9 and asked her to come down to see him. Giving evidence for the defence, George Edward Gulley, doorkeeper at the Tivoli, said that on the night of May 8 the plaintiff showed him an empty seat, which she said she had fallen through. He explained that the canvas had been taken off as it had been raining. He showed her a canvas seat and she sat down. She later came to the door and asked him to call a car. He told Mr. Hobler, snr., and she spoke to him. Mr. Hobler went into his office and the plaintiff took off her coat and sat down on the curbstone. She smelt very strongly of liquor when she came in. There was enough light reflected from the screen to enable a person to see the chairs. A car for hire stopped at the theatre after the plaintiff had left and he sent it away. Questioned by Mr. Larcombe, witness said that he didn't warn the plaintiff that covers were off some of the seats. People were not shown to seats because it was a slack night. Jack Charles Love Acheson, an employee the company, said that on May 9 he was working at the theatre when the plaintiff asked for the manager. She told him that she fell through the seat and remarked that it was fortunate that she had a drop of brandy in her bag. The canvas had been removed from the chairs that night. SMELT STRONGLY OF DRINK. William Learmonth Hobler, managing director of Tivoli Talkies Ltd., stated that he was present on the night of May 8. It had rained about 7 o'clock and certain canvas chairs at that time were exposed. The canvas was taken off these chairs that night. He saw the plaintiff at approximately 8.15 p.m. on the footpath. She asked him to take her to a doctor and he suggested telephoning for a car. He put the question three or four times before he could get an intelligible answer. She smelt very strongly of drink. When the car arrived she had disappeared. Harold Learmonth Hobler, manager of Tivoli Talkies Ltd., said that on the morning of May 9 he telephoned the plaintiff and asked if she had a complaint to make. She replied that she wanted him to pay the doctor's expenses. He said that the company would pay if it was liable. The court adjourned until 2.30. On resuming, Dr. D. P. O'Brien was called to give evidence in rebuttal. He said that when the plaintiff was examined by him she was not under the influence of drink. Questioned by Mr. Dever, witness said that she smelt of liquor, but indications were that she had had only one drink. Harold Victor Hinton, fruiterer, said that the plaintiff came to his shop in Fitzroy-street one night early in May. She bought a bottle of "soft drink" and two straws. He could not say whether she had had any drinks. There were no indications of drink on her. Remarking that on the whole of the facts he found that the defendant company was guilty of negligence and the plaintiff not guilty of contributory negligence, but he considered the amount was out of all reason, the Police Magistrate entered judgment for the plaintiff for £20 and ordered the defendant company to pav £8 10s. 6d. costs.
4DO included in a list of all Australian experimental stations in Wireless Weekly
   VK 4DO Hobler, H. L., 18 Hartley St., Rockhampton.
4DO's family off to New Guinea for a holiday, 4DO to Brisbane on business
   PERSONAL. Misses Jessie, Nell, and Jean Hobler left by the Northern train yesterday for Mackay, where they will join the Katoomba for Cairns. After visiting Cairns and the Atherton Tableland they will sail by the Mataram for New Guinea. They will be away from Rockhampton for about six weeks. Mr. Harold Hobler, manager of the Tivoli Theatre, left by the mail train yesterday on a short business visit to Brisbane. . . .

##### 1934 10

4DO pleased with results of "Damaged lives" screening at Tivoli
   THE special G.A.F. attraction, "Damaged Lives," has just completed a successful season at Rockhampton, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday nights the picture cleaning up the finest mid-week business for a long time in that town. Harold Hobler, in writing to this exchange, expressed himself as particularly gratified with the results. Further booking of this attraction has been made by Colin Jones, the firm's northern representative at Edmonton, Innisfail, Babinda and Gordonvale.
4DO finally contacts Europe to achieve his "Worked All Continents" (WAC) Award
   RADIO EXPERIMENTS. Mr. H. Hobler's Success. 28 Countries Communicated With. For several years Mr. Harold Hobler, owner and operator of station VK4DO, has been conducting experiments on very short wavelengths, endeavouring, with very low power, to exchange messages over great distances. Since 1926 he has been regularly in touch with America, Japan, Canada, Alaska, Mexico, and other countries up to 9000 miles away, and during the winter months is in daily touch with America the last communication a few weeks ago being reported as audible 30 feet from the American amateur's headphones. To gain the highest diploma in radio communication, namely the "Worked All Continents" Certificate, which is issued in America, it is necessary to exchange radio messages with one station in each continent. To the Australian amateurs endeavouring to do this, Europe and Africa are always the stumbling blocks, for these countries can only be heard in Australla for a few weeks in the year. MR. HAROLD HOBLER. However, a few nights ago, after much trying, Mr. Hobler's signals were heard by station D4BAR, Nuernberg, Germany. After midnight of the same evening the local station's signals were picked up in Czechoslovakia, both reporting easily readable and strong. Inspired by this success, Mr. Hobler again commenced distance calling about midnight on Saturday and was rewarded with answers from Cannes (France), Hong-kong, Mysore (India), and Egypt. These exchanges of messages with stations at the other side of the world, means that no longer distances remain to be covered. To date 28 countries have been communicated with. The power used by Mr. Hobler is the same as that consumed by one headlamp of a motor car, and is so low that it illustrates the efficiency of the short wireless waves and the 12 inch square transmitter, which was entirely built by himself. As a result of these tests Mr. Hobler is making improvements that will allow him to keep in constant touch with all parts of the world.

##### 1934 11

Funeral Notice for 4DO's father-in-law
   FUNERAL NOTICES. THE Friends of Mrs. J. H. FRENCH (Wife), Mr. and Mrs. REGINALD FRENCH, Mr. and Mrs. FRANCIS FRENCH, , Mr. and Mrs. RICHARD FRENCH, and Mr. LEONARD FRENCH (Sons and Daughters-in-law), Mr. and Mrs. JAMES McDOUGALL, Mr. and Mrs. HAROLD HOBLER, and Miss DOROTHY FRENCH (Sons-in-law and Daughters) are respectfully invited to attend the Funeral of their deceased beloved Husband, Father, and Father-in-law, the late Mr. JOSEPH HENRY FRENCH, which will move from his late residence, Nobbs-street, THIS (Thursday) AFTERNOON, at 4 o'clock, for the North Rockhampton Cemetery. TUCKER & NANKIVELL, Undertakers. Telephone Nos. 148 — 149.

##### 1934 12
#### 1935
##### 1935 03

Tivoli reopens after major renovations
   OPENING TOMORROW. THE NEW TIVOLI. Alterations Completed. MODERN THEATRE. For several weeks the Tivoli Theatre has been undergoing improvements of an extensive nature, almost the whole of the interior being rebuilt. The alterations are just about finished and the completed portion has changed from an open-air picture show to a tastefully designed and decorated theatre interior. In the extensive alterations undertaken every care has been paid to natural cooling and ventilation and the acoustic properties. In September last Mr. Harold Hobler, manager of the Tivoli, made an inspection of the latest southern theatres with a view to embodying all modern improvements, material and design into the reconstructed local building and to select a decorative design especially suited for acoustic properties. As a result of his investigations the new interior has been constructed entirely of open-work fibrous plaster, which is regarded as the most suitable material for this class of work. The large ceiling, side walls and proscenium wings are finished with this plaster to special design, while. the stage front has been altered and the proscenium widened to accommodate the largest of touring theatrical companies. The proscenium itself is finished in a rich bronze design and was made by Wunderlich Ltd., Sydney. The top of this has been altered from the previous straight top to an angle arch to conform to the line of the ceiling. The natural ventilation makes the interior cool at all times. Large lattice openings at each side and at the back of the theatre allow cool air to enter continuously, while the displaced warm air is drawn through the latticed ceiling and flows out by means of roof vents. New lighting has given a pleasing illumination and numerous coloured indirect lamps arranged behind the open-work plaster gives an atmospheric effect. Mr. Roy Chipps is the architect for the work and the builders and plaster workers are Messrs. Tucker and Hall, Campbell street. It is interesting to note that all the plaster work was designed, moulded and built locally, and not one design is a stock pattern. Additional comfort is also provided by over 300 tip-seats, which has just been installed. The new Tivoli will open on Saturday with a special programme, as advertised. This view of some of the ceiling and wall of the New Tivoli illustrates the handsome and artistic design incorporated. Ample ventilation is provided, with plenty of escape for the hot air. Indirect lighting plays a big part in bringing out the design of the open work plaster on each side. Portion of the arch ceiling, stage, and proscenium wings of the New Tivoli Theatre, showing the enlarged stage and part of the canvas chair seating. The widening of the stage has made it possible to accommodate the largest of touring theatrical companies, if required.
4DO attends a large farewell to the manager of Radio 4RO
   DINNER TO MR. A. Prince. FINE GATHERING AT LEICHHARDT HOTEL. ONE of the finest social gatherings held in Rockhampton for a long time took place at the Leichhardt Hotel last night, when over 60 friends of Mr. Arthur Prince, manager of 4RO radio station, entertained him at a complimentary dinner. The Mayor Ald. T. J. Lee presided and the gathering included Mr. Justice Brennan, Revs. E. R. Streeten and A. Iken, Dr. L. E. Pfitzenmaier, Messrs. H. A. Kellow, A. H. O'Kelly, E. Rheuben, M. Ballance, H. S. Beaney, F. W. Harrup, J. H. Harrup, G. B. Shaw, A. S. Grimwade, A. C. Anderson, H. Derrington, Cecil Smith, T. Evans, B. Varcoe, A. Cameron, W. A. Stirling, Hugh Gorrie, Jeff Millroy, B. Crocker, A. H. Lilley, Reg. Beer, A. Sutherland, G. H. Bunn, J. E. G. Martin, F. G. Dorsett, C. Sturgess, A. McLeod, C. H. Ferris, Percy Berry, Gavin Wald, K. G. Pennycuick, L. Coates, Hugh M. Conaghan, A. Pearson; G. Westacott, Mack Scott, H. Lawes, W. Franks, R. S. Cousins, D. Cousins, G. Gardiner, J. Withers, W. Hamilton, O. F. Hobler, F. Hicklin, C. A. R. Luck, A. Gilmour, R. W. Evans, H. S. Church, H. L. Hobler, R. Cameron, W. H. Parker, J. B. Ward, T. F. B. Mullin, J. Salmon, R. F. Duncan, G. Gardiner, J. McKinnon. Apologies were received for Messrs. D. McLaughlin, T. Garrick, Henry Smith, D. Vaughan, R. M. Hearn, C. Murphy. Mr. Justice Brennan, in proposing the health of the guest of the evening, said he was Prince by name and princely by nature — a sentiment that was received with hearty applause. Mr. A. C. Anderson said the gathering was something a bit more than one representative of the various interests in the city. It was all the more complimentary to Mr. Prince in that it was a spontaneous response on the part of every person present to the invitation to be associated with the dinner if they so desired. No one was canvassed or pressed to attend. This was a unique recognition to be offered to one who had been but three years in a city like Rockhampton, and it said all that was to be said for Mr. Prince's personal qualities and the generosity with which he had assisted all local movements — sporting, social and charitable — whenever requested. Mr. Anderson spoke especially on behalf of the sporting bodies of Rockhampton — Golf Club, Jockey Club, Football League and Tennis Association. Mr. A.H. O'Kelly, P.M., said he came from a place where they liked the sentences to be short. (Laughter). And it was his view that at a gathering like this they liked the speeches to be cut to a similar measure. When he first met Mr. Prince he was told that "he lived on the air." After meeting him at the nineteenth hole on the golf course he came to the conclusion that that was not altogether the case. (Laughter). They had made their debut on the same afternoon, and according to the Topics writer of the "Evening News" they shifted so much earth between them that the residents of West Rockhampton thought a simoon had arrived. (Laughter). However, they had cemented a friendship that would last throughout their lives. Mr. H. S. Beaney supported the toast on behalf of the commercial interests of Rockhampton. The Mayor then made the presentation of a handsome silver cocktail shaker and six silver goblets. Mr. Prince received a great ovation in rising to make response. He interpreted the gathering, of which any man might be proud, not so much as a compliment to him personally as to the organisation which he had represented in Rockhampton, and to which he was going in Brisbane. Without the backing of the Chandler organisation he would never have had the opportunity of making the friends he had made in Rockhampton. Nor would he have achieved anything like the same measure of success for that organisation without the assistance of the very loyal and hard-working staff at 4RO. The public, hearing only one man on the air, were apt to run away with the impression that he was the whole show. It was not the case. 4RO could never have been the success it was without the staff that had served under him, and in this regard he made special mention of Mr. Machin, engineer. (Applause). Mr. Prince forecast a great future for radio. He hoped to come back to Rockhampton at least on periodical visits, and he looked forward to meeting many of his Rockhampton friends again in Brisbane. MR. PRINCE'S SUCCESSORS. Mr. G. Westacott said it was not a surprise to any of them to learn that two men had had to be appointed to fill, Mr. Prince's place. He understood that in future the sales branch and general management of 4RO would be in the hands of Mr. E. Rheuben, and the studio would be controlled by Mr. Ballance, of Brisbane. Mr. Rheuben was a young Rockhamptonite, and he congratulated him on his advancement. Mr. Ballance was welcome in Rockhampton and it was hoped he would make as many friends as had Mr. Prince. Mr. Gavin Wald proposed the toast of the city of Rockhampton, which was supported by Mr. G. Westacott and responded to by the Rev. B. R. Streeten. Mr. Prince proposed the toast of the "Press," and Mr. F. Harrup that of the chairman, which concluded the toast list. Musical items were rendered by the Rev. Iken, Mr. George Gardiner and Mr. M. Ballance. The gathering concluded with the singing of Auld Lang Syne. The catering arrangements by Mr. A. H. Lilley were admirable in every detail.
Everyone publishes a picture of the interior of the new Tivoli Talkies
   FROM OPEN-AIR TO INDOOR is the artistic transformation worked at the Tivoli, Rockhampton (Q.) Shown is the newly constructed interior of the house, which for years has been conducted as an open-air show. Carried out in fibro-plaster to a design which supplies the essential atmosphere of coolness and comfort, the theatre is one of the northern State’s important houses. Indirect lighting behind the side walls lends color to the whole of the decorative effect. The theatre had a most successful opening last Saturday week with the Greater A.F.-Columbia picture, "Whom the Gods Destroy." The Tivoli is under the management of Harold Hobler.

##### 1935 11

Photo of 4DO's equipment in an article about others successes on 10 and 5 metres
   WIRELESS by "AERIAL" TEN-METRE ACTIVITY : SUCCESS BY AMATEURS . . . AMATEUR RADIO STATION VK4DO, Mr Harold L. Hobler, 202 Campbell Street, a typical short-wave station operating on 20 and 40 metres. With this equipment Mr Hobler has communicated with over 50 countries and is daily in direct touch with Europe, America, and Asia. On the left is the crystal-controlled transmitter. The whole station is home-constructed.

##### 1935 12
#### 1936
##### 1936 02

4DO heard working lady amateur W6ANN in California
   WITH THE AMATEURS. . . . W6ANN California W6ANN is owned and operated by Miss Annie W. A. Adams, jun., of 5985 Olive avenue, Long Beach, California, and operates on the 7 m.c. band. Miss Adams would be pleased to establish contacts with Australian stations. The transmitter is crystal controlled with 150 watts input to an 852 valve in the final amplifier in conjunction with a Hertz antennae system. The operator was recently heard working with VK4DO, of Queensland.

##### 1936 03

Everyones reports the passing of 4DO's father
   THE death occurred last week of W. L. Hobler, father of Vic. Hobler, of Crow’s Nest (N.S.W.), and Harold Hobler, of Rockhampton. The late Mr. Hobler had been ailing for some months. The late Mr. Hobler was managing director of the Tivoli Theatre at Rockhampton. Sincere sympathy is expressed to Vic, Harold and members of the family in their bereavement.

##### 1936 05

4DO in contact with the Australian Davis Cup team near Philadelphia
   GREETINGS EXCHANGED WITH DAVIS CUP TEAM. Harold Hobler's Message From Crawford Of the many interesting accounts of the feats of amateur wireless operators, perhaps the most interesting experiment to Australia in recent months was that of Mr Harold Hobler, owner of station VK4DO, Rockhampton, who, on Wednesday and yesterday afternoon, had communication with the Davis Cup team, which is in training near Philadelphia. Through another amateur station situated near the Australian's quarters Mr Hobler got in touch with Jack Crawford, and yesterday afternoon received a reply and a message to forward on to his family. The members of the Australian team were highly delighted with the unexpected good wishes from Rockhampton, and Crawford sent a personal reply on behalf of the team. One of the most prominent amateurs operating a station in Queensland, Mr Hobler has formed many friendships in MR HAROLD HOBLER. other countries, but one with whom he converses every afternoon between 5 and 5.30 is Charles Colman, of station W3QT, who works in a wireless station in Philadelphia, and resides about 40 miles outside the city, close to where the Australians are staying. Although they have never met, they know each other intimately by means of their daily exchanges in morse over the ether, and, knowing Mr Hobler was fond of a game of tennis when his duties as manager of the Tivoli Theatre permitted, and keenly interested in the sport, when they were "chatting over the air" on Wednesday, Mr Colman asked him if he would like to send a message to the Australians, who were living close to his home. "A great idea," was Mr Hobler's thought, and immediately he got in touch with Mr V. Roseman, secretary of the Rockhampton Tennis Club, who knows Jack Crawford personally. Mr Roseman was thrilled to be able to send a message, and on behalf of his club he asked Mr Hobler to send the following message: "Greetings and best wishes for victory from members of Rockhampton Tennis Club, Rockhampton, Queensland, Signed Viv. Roseman." This message, was sent to Mr Colman, who delivered it personally, and yesterday afternoon he had Crawford at his station while he sent the following reply: "WILL DO OUR BEST." "To Roseman. Received your kind wishes. Very pleased to hear from you. Will do our best. Team in excellent shape. Regards. Signed Australian Davis Cup Team, per Jack Crawford." In a message to Mr Hobler, Crawford said that the team hoped to give a good account of themselves during the coming weekend and asked Mr Hobler to deliver a message to his brother, Alan Crawford, who works in a sports depot in Martin Place, Sydney, to be passed on to the family, also stating that the team were all well and happy. Mr Colman asked Mr Hobler to endeavour to secure a reply from Alan Crawford and he would see that the Australians received it before they left their training quarters. It is Mr Hobler's intention to try to get in touch with a Sydney station this morning to deliver the message. No doubt the operators over here will be only to pleased to join in the thrill. Their task will not entail the same sacrifice as that of Mr Colman, for after knocking off work about midnight he has to travel 40 miles by train to his home. Then he gets in touch with Mr Hobler during the small hours over in America, and, in this instance, was out bright and early to see that the Australians received the unexpected greetings from their homeland.
4DO runs foul of the PMGD third party traffic regulations
   WIRELESS REGULATIONS PREVENT REPLY TO CRAWFORD. Being unable to get in touch with any of the Sydney amateur wireless stations on Thursday night, Mr Harold Hobler yesterday morning sent a lengthy telegram to Sydney to Alan Crawford, brother of the Australian tennis champion in America, conveying the message from the team. Later in the day Mr Hobler received a reply from Sydney, but the contents will not now be sent to America. Such messages, it appears, can be construed under the regulations as depriving the Postal Department of revenue, and acting on the advice of a departmental official, Mr Hobler decided not to send the reply to Mr Colman in Philadelpha. As promised Mr Colman came on the air yesterday afternoon and called Mr Hobler and asked him to wait while he got in touch with another part of Australia. It was then getting dark and apparently the signals from Australia began to fade, for Mr Hobler did not again hear from his friend, and their usual "chat" did not take place. At the first opportunity, however, Mr Hobler will explain matters to his American friend.

##### 1936 09

Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
   Radio VK4DO. VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted 240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived. A map of the world in front of the operator is mounted on a sheet of porous Celotex with a small pinned flag to show exact location and call of any station marked. It takes only a glance to see just where QSOs have been made. Crystal control has been in just over a year. Prior to that the station went through all the old phases, trying to get a good note; supplies, including the old slop jar rectifiers, Amrad "S" tubes and an Esco generator giving 500 volts. In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt contest, communicating with Hawaii, California and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140 volts on a UV202. In this year the station was also successful for Queensland in the Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station transmitted 200-metre 'phone to New Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on a receiving valve as a transmitter, Despite the low input of 40 watts five continents have been worked in an hour, Africa being the stumbling-block for WAC at the lime. The station is now WAC several times, also WBE, and the O.M. is an original foundation member of the Rag Chewers' Club. Fifty-four countries have been worked in all continents. Some 2400 contacts have been made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is a single wire with small counterpoise, in a poor location. R8 reports from Europe and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it is a good radiator. VK4DO holds a first-class wireless operator’s certificate, but amateur radio is his hobby, and he is keener today than when he started over 13 years ago. When not at his station he manages a theatre.

##### 1936 11

Detailed bio of 4DO in "Amateur Radio" magazine
   Station Description. RADIO VK4DO. Harold L. Hobler. Radio VK4D0 was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland, and transmitted 240 metre broadcasts first in 1923, being also the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the Great War. From 1923 to the present time it has never been off the air for long, and of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley up to the present gear, namely, a 4-stage rack crystal controlled with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station practically always is situated. VK4DO has never in the 13 years of its existence used a greater input than 40 watts, always being on low power. The 4-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 Hallicrafters Super Skyrider with crystal filter, especially brought out from Chicago. Next is a Gross Monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal, then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for some years until displaced by the Skyrider. A map of the world in front of the operator keeps brushing up his geography, and at the same time is used to show many stations and countries worked. It is mounted on a sheet of Celotex, and a pin is inserted at the exact spot a station is worked. The pin has a small flag at the top, on which is the station call. It only takes a glance to see just where QSO's have been made. Crystal control has been in for some time. Prior to that the station went through all the old time — trying to get a good note — supplies, including the old slop jar rectifiers, Amrad "S" tubes, and an ESCO generator giving 500 volts. In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the Queensland Jewell Miles Per Watt Contest, communicating with Hawaii, California, and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140 volts on a UV202. In this year the station was also successful for Queensland in the Trans-Pacific Tests conducted by the A.R.R.L. and the W.I.A. In 1925 it pushed 200-metres phone to New Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on a receiving valve in the transmitter. Despite the low input always used, all continents have been worked several times, five in one hour being the best piece of DX. The station also claims WBE. The OM is an original member of the Rag Chewers' Club. To date 56 countries have been worked in all continents. Over 2,500 contacts have been made, using never more than a 202 or 210. The aerial is a single wire with small counterpoise, in a poor location, but is always used. R8 reports from Europe and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it is a good radiator. VK4DO holds a first-class Wireless Operator's Certificate, but amateur radio is his hobby. When not with the gear, manages a theatre. Is married, with a junior op. three years old, and is 30 himself. Is keener today than when he started over 13 years ago. 202 Campbell Street, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.

##### 1936 12
#### 1937
##### 1937 02

In a letter to the editor of "Amateur Radio", 4DO asks if his WAC QSOs are a record
   Correspondence. To the Editor, "Amateur Radio." VK4DO, "Hobfren," 202 Campbell Street, Rockhampton, 16th October, 1936. Dear Sir,— On the 9th October, with an input of 40 watts to a 210 in the final amplifier, I worked all continents in 50 minutes operating in six successive QSOs. Immediately following this, and in another 22 minutes, I worked three continents (W6NEP in North America, OH8NK in Finland and VS1AH in Asia). I am endeavouring to check up per "QST" and American "Radio" to see if this is anywhere near a record, and would like to know if any member in Australia has bettered this time. On 27th September last WAC was made in 105 minutes, six continents being worked on CW and two on fone in this time. All contacts were made on the 14mc. band. Yours faithfully, Harold L. Hobler, VK4DO.

##### 1937 03

4DO works all continents in 50 minutes
   VK4DO, of Rockhampton, recently worked all continents in six successive contacts in a period of 50 minutes' operation. Immediately afterwards three continents were worked in 22 minutes. He would be pleased to know if this is a record, and would like to find out if another station in Australia has bettered the time of W.A.C. in 50 minutes.

##### 1937 07

In a letter to the editor, 4DO proposes a tribute to Marconi
   Late Marchese Marconi. Sir.— The death on Tuesday last of the late Guglielmo Marconi has removed a genius seldom born to this world, the first man ever to establish wireless communication and a person who has been responsible for a service to humanity that has no parallel. His earliest and progressive experiments have been of invaluable good to everyone. As no public announcement has been made as to what tribute should be paid this famous man by our own country, would it not be fitting to stop all broadcasting and radiotelegraphic services for a certain time to pay tribute to the memory of one who did so much for humanity. The British Isles are adopting a silence period in honour of his memory. May I also suggest that reference to the death of the late Marchese Marconi be made on Friday, July 30, during the benefit fund concert to the late H. M. Watts.— HAROLD L. HOBLER, Radio Station VK4DO.

##### 1937 08

4DO also involved in an effort for a Marconi tribute
   AUSTRALIAN MEMORIAL TO LATE MARCHESE MARCONI. MOVEMENT INITIATED IN ROCKHAMPTON. A PUBLIC meeting convened by the Mayor (Mr R. W. Evans), to consider the question of making representations to the Prime Minister in regard to the erection of a memorial in Australia to the late Marchese Marconi, was held in the Council Chambers yesterday afternoon. The Deputy Mayor (Ald. J. Jeffries) presided over a small attendance. Others present were Judge Brennan, and Messrs H. L. Hobler, W. S. F. Mullins, and S. Donohoe. Apologies were received from the Mayor (Mr R. W. Evans) and Mr E. J. Rheuben. In moving three resolutions, Judge Brennan said that he was pleased that the meeting had been called, as it should prove of international importance. "I reasonably contend," continued Judge Brennan, "that while Italy, with justifiable pride, claims such a wondrous son as the great Marchese Marconi, the world may also claim him by virtue of his supernatural gifts which only God Himself could have endowed. "This giant intellect, in his short span of existence has saved innumerable lives and millions of pounds worth of property. Shipping companies and other transport institutions have been relieved of frightful anxiety through wireless. The civilisation of the world has been elevated; in fact, the late Marchese has transformed every country almost into a club where everyone can hear each other's utterances at almost the precise moment they fall from the lips. "As for Australia, Marconi has enabled our people outback to enjoy material happiness by hearing the happenings of the city, just as the blind are happy at hearing human voices, the sound of beautiful music, and bird life. "The youth of the world has also been inspired with the greatness of art in music and literature. Even pleasure-loving people in all branches of sport are permitted to take part in the actual events as they are being conducted. "I suggest that the Commonwealth Government be respectfully requested to give every holder of a wireless licences an opportunity of tangibly recognising in a small way the worth of this human benefactor by adding ls. to each licence fee for one year. This will mean a fairly substantial sum. Of course shipping companies and other admirers who gained wonderful help from the invention are bound to be anxious to contribute. "When the sum has been realised, I also respectfully recommend that a monument be erected to the Marchese Marconi at Canberra and that with the balance of the fund, several scholarships be established so as to tend enthusiasm to the ambitious brains of our young Australians." Judge Brennan then moved the following resolutions, which were seconded by Mr Hobler and carried unanimously: (1) "That in order to give every Wireless licensee an opportunity of gratefully recognising in a small way the worth of a human benefactor (Marchese Marconi) it is recommended that each licensee be called upon to contribute 1s. to be added to the next wireless licence and that this shilling constitute a fund." (2) "That shipping companies and other admirers who gained wonderful help from the invention of wireless be allowed to subscribe." (3) "From part of the fund a monument to the Marchese be erected at Canberra and the balance be used to establish several international scholarships so as to lend enthusiasm to the ambitious brains of our young Australians." It was further decided to forward the resolutions to the Prime Minister.

##### 1937 09

4DO advertises to sell his motor vehicle, leaving the city?
   MUST SELL. Chrysler Tourer, perfect condition, owner leaving city, inspection invited. HAROLD HOBLER, Tivoli Theatre.

##### 1937 10

4DO receives his WAC award from ARRL
   LONG DISTANCE RADIO RECORD TO ROCKHAMPTON STATION. Mr H. L. Hobler Contacts With Six Continents. Mr HAROLD L. HOBLER, owner and operator of experimental radio station VK4DO, Rockhampton, has received notification from the American Radio Relay League, Connecticut, U.S.A., headquarters of radio experimenters, that he established a world's record for long distance, low power two-way radio telegraphic communication. In October last Mr Hobler established two-way communication with the six radio continents (Europe, Asia, Africa. North America, South America, and Oceania) in 60 minutes of actual operating, from his home in Campbell Street, Rockhampton. Messages were exchanged with stations in Holland. Japan, Perth, Africa, and the two Americas. All co-operating stations reported the local experimenters' signals easily readable and no repeats were necessary. In these exchanges messages from his station covered 35,000 miles. Previous to this record he had frequently contacted five continents in the space of an hour or more, but Africa a continent seldom heard here — was the stumbling block to making a short-time record. HIGHEST AWARD. After contacting each of the six continents in October, Mr Hobler immediately afterwards got in touch with California, Finland, and the Straits Settlements in the next 22 minutes. To date signals from this amateur station have been heard in 65 different countries, and for his work he has received from America the "Worked All Continents" Certificate, which is the highest award given in radio communication. In addition to establishing this record, last month Mr Hobler's station was awarded first prize by "Short Wave and Television" of America for the best amateur station.
4DO gives a farewell presentation to a Tivoli employee of 7 years
   MISS THELMA STROH. STAFF PRESENTATION. Prior to the evening performance at the Tivoli Theatre last Friday members of the staff assembled to say goodbye and pay a tribute to their fellow employee, Miss Thelma Stroh, who has resigned her position with the Tivoli Talkies (Rockhampton) after seven years service. Mr Harold Hobler, managing director, referred to the assistance given by Miss Stroh and her splendid cooperation in the years of her association with the theatre, and wished her every success in her future venture into her own business. Members of the staff endorsed Mr Hobler's remarks and all regretted her leaving. On behalf of the directors and her fellow employees, Miss Stroh was presented with a handsome duchess set, salad service, snd sugar basin. In response, she expressed her thanks for the tributes paid to her and for the gifts of appreciation, which she said would always remind her of the position she had occupied and her fellow employees.

##### 1937 11

4DO visiting Sydney and seeing local radio amateurs
   Amateur Chatter. . . . Visitors at present in Sydney are Tom Danks ZL3BK, and Harold Hobler VK4DO. The former intends settling in VK, and the latter is on holiday — away from radio.

##### 1937 12

4DO attends the WIA NSW meeting and talks about amateur radio in Queensland
   NOVEMBER MEETING, W.I.A. The November meeting of the N.S.W. division was well attended to hear the lecture on "Radio Interference," by Mr. K. Burbury, radio inspector. The lecture was of great interest to all, and it was surprising to hear the many causes of radio interference. There is no doubt that the department have the tracing of these sources down to a fine art. There are six inspectors operating on interference problems. Several visitors were present, including VS4CS Mr. Cawood, of British North Borneo, and VK4DO, Mr. Hobler, of Rockhampton. Mr. Cawood gave an interesting insight into conditions in Borneo, and said the only licensed station operating there was VS4JS, and other VS4 calls heard were not in Borneo. Mr. Cawood will become a permanent resident of Sydney, and hopes to be a VK amateur in the immediate future. Mr. Hobler, VK4DO, told of conditions in Queensland and gave a general resume of amateur radio up there. Mr. F. Carruthers, VK2PF, is a newly-elected member of the State Council. He is well known in amateur radio operating circles in Cowra, N.S.W., and more recently in Sydney.
4DO, on behalf of Tivoli Talkies in a group of other Rockhampton talkies, petitions council to permit opening on Christmas Day
   WANT TO OPEN ON CHRISTMAS DAY. Theatre Proprietors' Request Refused. IN a letter signed by Messrs Harold L. Hobler (Tivoli Talkies), John Sunner (Allenstown Talkies), A. Wootton (Gem Talkies), and H. T. McLean (Rex Talkies), a request was made to the City Council last night to allow the local theatres to open on Saturday next. The request was refused. It was stated that the application was made "in view of the disastrous effect which will result from the ban placed on all persons under 16 years on account of infantile paralysis," and the fact that Christmas Day fell on a Saturday, The letter continued: "The serious losses experienced locally on Saturday evening last and in other centres where a paralysis ban has been placed on juvenile patronage will inevitably follow for some time and with Christmas Day falling on a Saturday this year another direct loss is to be faced. Unlike other businesses, theatres do not benefit at Christmas time to any extent, the late shopping on Christmas Eve and the exodus of people to the seaside for the holidays keeping people away from amusements. This year having to close our theatres on Saturday was bad enough, but the unexpected infantile paralysis ban imposed will definitely be a serious setback. In Wellington (New Zealand) theatres have been permitted to open on Christmas Day, and as far as we can see no harm or wrong would be done if the same permission was granted locally." The notification from the Government of the prohibition of anyone under 16 years from attending places of amusement until January 5, 1938, was received and the council was asked to see to the execution of the order. Ald. Pearson said that it was over a fortnight since the case of paralysis had occurred and in view of that he thought that representations should be made to the Government to remove the prohibition as from the coming weekend. By then three weeks would have elapsed since the case had been reported. He moved, providing no further cases were reported, that the Government be asked to remove the prohibition as from Monday next. The motion was seconded by Ald. Haigh. "NO JURISDICTION!" "I strongly oppose the motion," said Ald. Dunlop. "I maintain that we have no jurisdiction to ask for that, seeing that this order comes from the Government's highest medical authority, Dr Cilento. There has only been one case, but I think it would be bad policy to remove the ban. Instead of that we should clean up the city so that there will be less risk of other cases. I am surprised that this important council, the council of the second city of the State, should be so diametrically opposed to the Government as to ask for the order to be lifted. It would be unwise, considering the safety of citizens and children, for us to take the slightest risk. At the same time I am perfectly satisfied that the Government will not consider altering its policy. The motion was carried, Aldermen Dunlop, Elwing, McKean, and Parris opposing it. Ald. Dunlop moved that the request of the theatre proprietors be not entertained. The council could not depart from its bylaws relating to entertainment on Christmas day, he said. Seconding the motion, Ald. McKean said that the position was unfortunate for the theatre proprietors, but that the council could not be blamed for the long period during which no pictures could be shown. The motion was carried unanimously.

#### 1938
##### 1938 03

4DO logged by BERS195 in NT
   Amateur Chatter. Latest 56mc. information is that Eric Trebilcock (BERS195) is turning his attention to the ultra-highs. His location until 1940 is Powell Creek, N.T., and once he has a sensitive C.W. receiver on the job southern 56mc. men can rest assured that this competent observer will miss nothing on the dials. In order to start BERSI9S off with correct calibration, the writer will construct his receiver with a 56 acorn in the T.R.F. stage. Trebilcock reports that his receiving conditions are ideal, but that appears to be the case wherever he goes. He has now logged 151 countries, and has had acknowledgments from 120; this without having yet listened on 28mc. and 56mc. His job in the N.T. is that of P.M.G. telegraphist, and in between traffic with Darwin, Alice Springs and Tennant Creek he listens to what goes on all over the world on amateur bands. Eastern VKs are still complaining about the “poor conditions” on 20 metres. On the contrary, DX is excellent on that band. After neglecting it for some months, the writer decided to brush the dust off the TX and see what was what. Starting one evening last week at 5.30 p.m. and working until 10.30 p.m. and again from 5.30 a.m. until 7 a.m. next morning, W6AMG, VK4DO, SM7YE, XZ2EZ, U4AL, I1MH, FD3GA and G3BS were worked on 'phone and C.W. — ample proof that the DX is there for those who want something other than U.S. contacts. These were casual contacts, with long breaks between for listening. The last station worked, G3BS, provided a particularly interesting contact for over an hour, with good signal strength, and VK2XC on the key at that end. This was the first G3 worked by the writer.

##### 1938 12
#### 1939
##### 1939 02

Rockhampton amateur radio club formed, 4DO elected president
   EXPERIMENTAL RADIO ASSOCIATION FORMED. At a largely attended meeting of licensed radio experimenters and others interested, held at the School of Arts last Tuesday night, it was decided to form an association. The following members were elected: President, Mr H. L. Hobler (VK4DO); vicepresident, Mr F. Danks (VK4); secretary, Mr P. Fitzgerald (VK4PF); treasurer, Mr V. Bell (VK4VD); Q.S.L. officer, Mr L. C. Waterworth (VK4CL); social, secretaries, Messrs T. Pembleton (VK4ZL) and E. Cagney (VK4EC), committee, Messrs Benson (VK4GN), Pembleton, Cagney, Con. Ryan (VK4), Singleton (VK4UX), and Waterworth. The aim of the association is to foster the progress of the amateur movement and to encourage and assist non-certificated members in obtaining their licences. It is intended to sponsor the construction and maintenance of emergency apparatus and to hold regular field days for instructional purposes. Lectures and Morse code practice will be arranged, and it is hoped that persons genuinely interested in the amateur movement will join the association. The entrance fee was fixed at 2s. 6d., with an annual subscription of 7s. 6d., the present membership being very satisfactory. It was also decided to hold the first annual picnic at Emu Park on Sunday, March 19, and arrangements are now in hand in connexion with this function. It is interesting to note that during recent months American radio amateurs have been called on to maintain communication when all normal channels have been disrupted by flood and hurricane, and that their efforts and success have called forth national appreciation and applause. Persons interested in joining the association should communicate with the secretary or any other member for further particulars.

##### 1939 03

4DO and family again holidaying at Emu Park
   Paragraphs About People . . . Mr and Mrs Harold Hobler and family are holidaying at Emu Park, where they are staying at the Hotel Riviera.

##### 1939 12
### 1940s
#### 1942
##### 1942 01
##### 1942 09

4DO called up for military service in WW2
   SOCIAL GOSSIP. . . . Mr Harold L. Hobler, who baa been called up for military service, will leave for Brisbane tomorrow.

##### 1942 12
#### 1943
##### 1943 04

Mrs 4DO and family relocate to Brisbane to be with 4DO during his military service
   SOCIAL GOSSIP. . . . Mrs H. L. Hobler and family left by the mail train yesterday for Brisbane, where they will stay for an indefinite time.
4DO's house in Davis Street rented out for the duration of the war
   SOCIAL GOSSIP. . . . Mr and Mrs E. H. Bryant, who stayed at the Grosvenor Hotel for the past fortnight, have taken up their residence in Mr H. L. Hobler's house in Davis Street.

##### 1943 12
#### 1944
##### 1944 12
#### 1945
##### 1945 06

4DO discharged from Army and returns to Rockhampton
   LETTER FROM HOME. ROCKHAMPTON. June 30. . . . Mr Harold Hobler has received his discharge from the Army, and with Mrs Hobler, has returned to civilian life in Rockhampton.

##### 1945 12
#### 1946
##### 1946 01

4DO and family return to Rocky after two weeks at Emu Park
   PERSONAL. Mr and Mrs H. L. Hobler and their two children have returned to Rockhampton after spending a fortnight's holiday at the Hotel Riviera, Emu Park.

##### 1946 02

Rockhampton Radio Experimenters' Association reformed after war years dormancy, 4DO again elected president
   ROCKHAMPTON RADIO EXPERIMENTERS' ASSOCIATION. A well-attended meeting of licensed experimenters and amateur radio enthusiasts was held in the School of Arts recently, when the Rockhampton Radio Experimenters' Association was resuscitated after being in recess during the war years. An election of officers took place and resulted: President, Mr H. L. Hobler (VK4DO); vicepresidents Messrs F. Danks (VK4VD, sic) and C. McDonald (ex VK2AKK); secretary and treasurer, Mr V. Bell (VK4VD); assistant secretary, Mr H. Jeffries; Q.S.L. officer, Mr L. C. Waterworth (VK4CL); committee, Messrs E. Cagney (VK4EC); T. Pembleton (VK4 ZL); C. Lange, D. Behan, W. Grant. The aim of the association is to foster the progress of the amateur movement, and to encourage and assist all amateurs and those endeavouring to obtain their licences. Entrance fee was fixed at 2/6 with an annual subscription of 7/6. A lecture will be given at the next meeting and a start will be made with instruction in Morse Code sending and receiving. All persons interested in the association should communicate with any member. The next meeting will be held at the School of Arts on March 12.

##### 1946 10

Monthly meeting of Rocky Amateur Radio Club, 4DO presides
   ROCKHAMPTON RADIO ASSOCIATION. The monthly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Experimenters' Association was held in the School of Arts. Mr H. L. Hobler presided. Affiliation with the Wireless Institute of Australia was discussed. It was stated that the necessary information was being awaited from the Queensland division of the institute. The association has drawn up a roster of lectures to be given at each meeting. The speaker for the evening was Mr V. S. Bell (VK4VD), who gave an interesting talk on the neutralisation of amplifiers, outlining the difference with single-ended and push-pull amplifiers. With the relicensing of amateurs after the cessation of hostilities, a good deal of interest in radio is being shown in Rockhampton as elsewhere. The association is open to all interested in amateur radio. Morse instruction is given under the supervision of Mr L. C. Waterworth (VK4CL). Meetings are held on the first Tuesday of each month.
4DO lectures on radio for adult education series
   ADULT EDUCATION: RADIO SERIES. In the first of the series of lectures on "Radio," given last Thursday night by Mr H. L. Hobler, the subjects covered were an introduction to radio and its early development, the nature and propagation of radio waves and signals, broadcast transmission and reception, and the part played by amateur radio over the last 30 years. Mr Hobler, in dealing with the early development of radio, traced the progress made from the early development of electromagnetic induction in 1831 by Faraday through the following years to the subsequent proof of the existence of wireless waves and the use of them by Hertz in 1887; the advances made in 1892 by the introduction of Branly's coherer, the early experiments of Marconi and his first patented system of radio signalling in 1896 when he demonstrated communication over a distance of 1¾ miles; then the gradual progress by the introduction of better receivers and transmitters up to 1918, when signals from Wales were heard in Australia. Some illustrations of the important use of radio for the safety of life were given by the speaker, particularly dealing with the many lives saved at sea and during wartime by means of radio communication. Early spark transmitters, the high wave lengths, the commencement of the first broadcasting in Australia were not overlooked. The interception of radio waves, their method of travel, detection and tuning, implication and reproduction were discussed by the lecturer and the conclusion of the evening was a comprehensive talk of the work done and results achieved by radio amateurs, from the days of their first being licensed until the present. The series will be continued tonight by a combined talk by Messrs C. Beck and L. McGarry, both of 4RO, at the Technical College, Bolsover Street, at 7.45. Mr Beck will discuss the work in the studios that the listeners do not see, and Mr McGarry will deal with the more technical aspects of the broadcasting work. All interested in radio are welcome to these free lectures, for there is material in the lectures for those who have not studied the subject as well as for those who have.

##### 1946 12
#### 1947
##### 1947 02

At the annual meeting of the Rocky Amateur Club, 4DO is again elected president
   Radio Experimenters' Association. The annual meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Experimenters' Association was held in the School of Arts. There was a good attendance of members. The year's activities since the association was reformed after the war, showed the keen interest of members. During the year several lectures were given, Mr Waterworth provided Morse instruction, and radio matters in general of benefit to the amateur and experimenter were discussed and treated through the Wireless Institute and Wireless Branch of the PMG Department, in some cases. The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted: President, Mr H. L. Hobler (VK4DO); vice-presidents, Messrs F. Danks (VK4FD) and T. Dale (VK4TD); secretary-treasurer, Mr V. S. Bell (VK4VD); QSL officer, Mr L. C. Waterworth (VK4CL); committee, Messrs E. Cagney (VK4EC), C. Lange, F. Helsdon, D. Behan, P. Meegan. The next meeting of the association will be held on March 4.

##### 1947 07

In interview with 4EC, 4DO is mentioned as another Rocky ham
   The three element directional beam which directs messages to the country to which Mr Cagney wishes to speak. It is rotated by an electric motor at the rate of one revolution every two minutes, until pointing in the desired direction. Amateur Radio Man Brings World Into His Home. By turning a few dials and a switch which rotates a gadget erected in his back yard which he calls a three-element rotary beam directional antennae (an aerial in other words), Mr E. W. Cagney brings into his home in Bracker Street, voices from all over the world. An operator of an amateur transmitting station, VK4EC, Mr Cagney talks to people in India, America, China, Japan, or wherever his fancy directs him, with the ease other people talk over the telephone. Mr Cagney is well-known to Rockhampton wireless listeners for the Sunday morning musical programmes he broadcast before the war, when he also gave a musical programme for New Zealand listeners on Saturday nights. Regulations now prevent amateurs from broadcasting records, so probably the work of amateurs will never again be heard in this field of radio. STORED DURING WAR. During the war, all amateur stations were closed down and Mr Cagney's set for several years was stored at the Post Office. Mr Cagney received his certificate of efficiency in 1930 and then started to build his set. In a few weeks he had it completed far enough to go on the air, and from that time he has been adding to and improving his apparatus. Now that it works almost to perfection, he is going to build another. Most amateur operators were Americans, Mr Cagney said. There were about 70,000 in the United States compared with 2000 in Australia. There are two other stations in Rockhampton, Mr V. Bell has one and the other is owned by Mr H. Hobler. Mr H. Brown at Gracemere also has a set. Mr Cagney however is the only one in the district who at present is using radio telephone communication. Despite the number of people living in different countries with whom Mr. Cagney is on "speaking terms," he is not a walking encyclopaedia of world events. Amateurs do not converse about the news of the day and, in fact Mr Cagney says, their conversation is limited to one subject — wireless and things affecting it. Regulations prohibit their taking messages for a third person, advertising or passing on news items of sufficient importance to warrant publication in the Press. Asked if he ever got tired of saying the same things to different people night after night, Mr Cagney said, "Never. It gets in your blood." 18-HOUR STRETCH. Some operators whom Mr Cagney has contacted in America stay by their sets until the early hours of the morning. One American had been on the air for 18 hours when his voice was carried into Mr Cagney's room. Mr Cagney goes to his set immediately he has finished dinner, but switches it off about 10 or 11 o'clock. When he strikes a new station he sends him a card in acknowledgement and the other operator does the same. Mr Cagney has thousands of these calling cards. All of his foreign contacts call in English, but Australian regulations prohibit him from talking to them in their own language, even if he knew how. Amateur operators help one another and Mr Cagney has found his contacts very willing to send him odds and ends not procurable, or difficult to obtain in Australia. Amateur stations did valuable experimental work, Mr Cagney said, and paved the way through little known spheres in radio for commercial broadcasting.

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##### 1950 08

Obituary for 4DO's mother-in-law
   OBITUARY. Mrs J. H. French. The many friends of Mrs Julia French, will regret to learn of her death at the age of 72, which occured at a private hospital, Brisbane on August 14, after a short illness. Her husband predeceased her some years ago. She is survived by six children, Mrs James McDougall, Coorparoo, Brisbane; Mrs Harold Hobler, Rockhampton; Mrs Eric Hood, Bundaberg; Frank Richard and Leonard, all of Rockhampton; also by two sisters, Mrs M. Maher and Miss Kathleen Curran of Rockhampton, and by a brother, Patrick Curran of Rockhampton. Her funeral took place from Our Lady of Mt Carmel Catholic Church for the South Brisbane cemetery on August 16.

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##### 1951 02

4DO elected to committee of the Demobilised Sailors Soldiers and Airmen's Association
   Favours Universal Military Training. At its annual meeting last night the Demobilised Sailors Soldiers and Airmen's Association approved of universal military training. Mr J. A. Weir, who moved the motion, said he felt, in view of the seriousness of the world situation, it was essential that the association express itself on such an important subject. Mr Weir said that everyone who read the papers, listened to broadcasts or even thought for himself must realise the seriousness of the world situation today. To say that the position was precarious was to put it mildly. There was no doubt, he said, that there were forces abroad seeking to undermine and ultimately overthrow the present form of society. In order to preserve their way of life the people of Australia must be prepared to defend it. By what means this preservation was to be accomplished was a matter on which political parties differed. He, therefore, considered the time opportune for the DSSA Association to declare itself on universal training. Mr Weir said that military training brought together men from all walks of life. Friendships were formed and experiences shared. The training was valuable, even if they were never called on to fight. He moved that the DSSA Association express itself in favour of universal military training. The motion was seconded by Mr D. A. Fletcher and supported by Mr F. W. Scott, who said that universal military training was an urgent necessity. It was carried unanimously. The DSSA Association bursary was presented to Master Neil Jones. Miss S. McIntosh, making the presentation, congratulated Master Jones on passing the State Scholarship. "Keep up the good work" was her advice to him in his secondary education. The annual report and balance-sheet were adopted on motion of Miss S. McIntosh, seconded by Mr W. G. Charington. Speaking on the report, the president (Mr T. K. Parker) referred to a mistake in it. At the annual race meeting in September the Demobilised Services' Cup was won by Mr George Kitchener, with his horse, Lord Geraint. The annual report had stated the owner was G. Kinsman. Mr Weir said the association had had a successful year. Last year the finances had decreased by £1. However, this year a credit of £34 was shown. "I doubt if you could find an association where there is greater harmony," Mr Weir added. "There are no shirkers on the committee. Members are always present when there is work to be done." Mr W. G. Charington congratulated the committee on its work. The organisation was a small one, about 90 all told a large number of whom resided in the country. The number of apologies written by country members showed their interest in the work. There were members as far north as Marlborough, to Longreach and south to Gladstone. Members also congratulated the secretary (Mr F. Scott) No problem was too big for Mr Scott to tackle was the general opinion. Mr T. K. Parker welcomed Mr L. Johnson, an old member of the association who had returned from Thursday Island to reside in Rockhampton, also Mr D. A. Fletcher, of Edungalba. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The following office-bearers were elected: President, Mr T. K. Parker; vice-presidents Miss S. McIntosh and D. Morrison; hon. treasurer, Mr J. A. Weir; hon. secretary, Mr Fred Scott, AICA; auditor, Mr J. Stover, AFIA; committee, Messrs J. Cameron Smith, H. L. Hobler, A. F. Bellamy, A. J. Kendell, A. D. Millar, W. G. Charington, N. Dunlop, J. Coughlin, F. W. Scott, R. S. Haynes, K. Macaree, D. A. Fletcher and N. R. Adams (country). Mr J. Stover was made a life member of the association. Votes of thanks were accorded the RSSAILA for assistance rendered during the year and to the Press. A minutes' silence was observed in memory of departed comrades. At the close of the meeting refreshments were served.

##### 1951 07

4DO responds to a letter to the editor on the subject of Sunday motion pictures
   Correspondence. . . . SUNDAY PICTURES Sir,— As I've been associated with motion pictures for 30 years, permit me to reply to Mr Peake's letter and, particularly his: "The Churches have done more good in the world than picture shows are ever likely to do." I do not know how Mr Peake substantiates his statement, but I am aware that more people go to pictures than to the churches, and from the millions who do attend picture theatres in a year, surveys by the British Magistrates' Association show 12 findings, not one of which blames the movies for crime, juvenile delinquancy, or antisocial conduct; put to the contrary they find that films possess one common feature; the wrongdoer is brought low or punished and virtue is exalted. This is in agreement with what is said from the pulpit. Apart from the value of the motion picture itself, seen and appreciated by many churchgoers, there are many benevolent organisations connected therewith, which do a great deal of good in raising funds for charitable and welfare purposes. After all it is a debatable point as to whether the church or the picture shows do the most good, but we do know that the young are not more wicked today than they were before the motion picture. If Sunday screenings are permitted in some places, then the people are free to go where they choose, and Mr Peake nor I have any right to interfere — HAROLD L. HOBLER, 4 Dagmar Street.

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##### 1954 06

Obituary for 4DO's brother
   OBITUARY. Mr V. L. Hobler. The news of the death at Chatswood, Sydney, on Friday night last of Mr Victor Learmonth Hobler, aged 54, removes one who spent most of his life connected with the moving picture business and who was a resident of Rockhampton for many years. Mr Hobler was the eldest son of the late Mr W. L. Hobler, for many years associated with Messrs Thos McLaughlin and Co. Educated at Rockhampton State school and the Rockhampton Grammar School, he entered the employ of the Australian Bank of Commerce Ltd, but after a few years, with his father, entered into the picture business. They acquired the Strand Theatre, Rockhampton, on January 1, 1923. This was renamed the Tivoli and Victor Hobler managed it in association with the Arcadia Theatre, North Rockhampton, until 1927. Early in 1927 he transferred to Ipswich, taking over Martoo's Theatre there and conducting it for some time. The advent of the "talking" picture came the next year, and like many independent showmen at that time, Mr Hobler had to find capital to meet the heavy cost of sound installation. After some time as an independent he joined the services of Messrs Birch, Carroll and Coyle Ltd, acting as manager for them in Ipswich and Townsville. After some years with this Queensland company he went to Sydney, where he joined RKO Radio pictures as publicity manager. With a natural flair for advertising and publicity, and some years of theatre work behind him, he was responsible for launching several Australian wide publicity campaigns for outstanding motion pictures during his time with RKO. About six years ago Mr Hobler went to America and after some time in the U.S.A. returned to Sydney as representative for Hall Mark Productions, an independent distributing company, handling special filmplay attractions. He had also acquired the rights of "The Kelly Gang," a picture banned for some years. Throughout his life motion pictures "were in his blood". He was the only theatre manager in Australia to have ever won the "Paramount Shield" three times. This was awarded for outstanding publicity by Paramount Pictures each year. Last year Mr Hobler made another trip to Canada and the United States, returning to Sydney towards the end of the year. Shortly after his return his health declined. He is survived by his widow, three sisters (Mrs Jessie Dobbin and Mrs Nell Carpenter, both of Suva, Fiji, and Mrs Jean Lawes, Killara, Sydney), and one brother, Mr Harold Hobler, of Rockhampton. Representatives of all sections of the movie industry attended the funeral service to the Northern Suburbs Crematorium, Sydney, last Monday.

##### 1954 08

4DO sells his ownership of the Tivoli Theatre
   TIVOLI THEATRE CHANGES HANDS. The freehold of one of the oldest theatres in Rockhampton, the Tivoli, has been purchased by one of the major theatre circuits in Australia. The theatre has been owned by Mr Harold Hobler (present manager of Liberty Theatre) since 1936. The theatre has had a colourful and varied existence — a skating rink, legitimate stage productions, a boxing stadium, silent and talking pictures. About 50 years ago the premises were known as Princess Court and roller skating was conducted by Mr William McGrath, jun. It was on this rink that W. Eckard, in September, 1913, established an endurance record of 105 hours. The theatre, later named the Strand, was conducted by Mr A. E. Carroll and silent pictures were shown. A big draw those days was the tearful production, "Over the Hill," which had an extended run. The theme song of this tear-jerker was "Over the Hill," and this melancholy tune would have been right into the vocal chords of "Weeper" Ray, now a topliner in radio. It is also reported that the highest guarantee ever paid for a silent picture in an open-air theatre was that for "Ben Hur," which was shown in the Tivoli in the 1920's. Mr Carroll introduced an orchestra to Rockhampton theatregoers to accompany silent pictures, the talent of which has not been equalled. Classical music was the combination's forte, and the performers interpreted operatic scores that pleased both the highbrow and those less versed. The orchestra comprised Herr L. D'Hage (conductor), Miss M. Mitchell (violin), A. Baker (violin), W. H. Bailey (clarinet), W. Cox (euphonium), W. Firth (cornet), A. Chesterton ('cello). Herr D'Hage now resides in Sydney. The Flying Squadron Orchestra also played at the theatre for lengthy periods. Later Mr W. Butland conducted an orchestra in the theatre in the days when the demand was for lighter music and the audience frequently joined in the singing of popular items — probably the forerunner of what is now known as community chorusing. AMATEUR TRIALS For a period, amateur trials were an attraction at the theatre, and they were highly popular, but they came to an abrupt ending when the audience was more forceful than polite in recognition of the performers' efforts. The stage at times presented the appearance of a vegetable shop so numerous were the "floral" tributes hurled by the audience. And to cries of "Get the hook," a performer would be whisked off the stage with a shepherd's crook around his or her neck. Numerous high class boxing contests were promoted and boxers who took part included Sylvano Jamito, Frank Locke, Ernie Unwin, Billy Stanley and Harry Casey. They gave spec-tators their money's worth. Theatrical companies that drew good audiences before the theatre was named Tivoli (in 1923) were Branscombe's Dandies, Reynolds and de Tisne, and Melville Dramatic Company.

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##### 1963 01

Overview of 4DO's amateur career in WIA's "Amateur Radio" magazine
   Meet the Other Amateur and His Station. HAROLD L. HOBLER, 134 Victoria Parade, Rockhampton, Q'land, VK4DO. THERE are few Amateurs in this country who have not worked or heard VK4DO, the Rockhampton (Qld.) station of Harold L. Hobler, for during an active Amateur career of forty years, over 21,000 QSOs with 245 countries have been entered in his logs. Harold first built crystal and valve receivers in 1921 and early in 1923 transmitted 240 metre telephony, the band licensed in those days. Electrolytic rectifiers (aluminium and lead in a borax solution) were the vogue in those days, with a self excited coupled Hartley oscillator of one tube in the transmitter, and absorption loop modulation. From electrolytic rectifiers, progress was made in securing a better d.c. note by the use of Amrad "S" tubes imported from America, and the use of a 500 volt d.c. generator. In those days everything bar the valves were home made; variable condensers, fixed condensers, coils, rheostats, knobs and dials. Even blocking condensers that withstood 550 volts a.c. came to light from tin foil and paper, rolled up and pressed between cardboard. Many receivers were made up, including a one-tube regenerative that repeatedly received broadcasting from America on 317 metres in daylight, a three-tube and five-tube all wave, a two-valve lo-loss with a 1/4" glass panel (THE rx in those days), and several others. (Start Photo Caption)VK4DO's Cubical Quad.(End Photo Caption) Today the station is as shown in the photograph, the equipment being as follows (left to right): a Kingsley K/CR/11 Rx with speaker above; all band transmitter with single 807 final; bottom right, Hallicrafters Rx, with A.W.A. Rx and speaker above. Automatic key and hand key are on the table. The signal squirter equipment is a cubical quad for 14 Mc., another quad for 21 Mc., and a 10 foot high centre fed V for 7 Mc. Hal has never been a high power man. Over the years never more than 60 watts have been used and now only half that power is used. Notwithstanding the low power, the following results have been obtained. In June 1926 two-way contacts with U.S.A. using 140 volts on a 201A receiving tube; in the same month heard in ZL (200 miles) using 90 volts high tension and loop modulation. October 1936 W.A.C. in 50 minutes with 48 watts; February 1948 record W.A.C. on phone in 28 minutes with an input of 60 watts. VK4DO was second in Australia in 1924 "Wireless Weekly" Tests; made a foundation member of the Rag Chewers Club in July 1926; Queensland winner of the 1926 Trans-Pacific Tests, and the Jewell Miles-Per-Watt Contest; in 1937 awarded First Prize by "Short Wave and Television" of U.S.A. for best Amateur Station; worked all U.S.A. States in one year, from August 1946 to 1947; is holder of D.X.C.C., W.A.C., W.A.P., W.A.S., W.A.Z., H.A.R.C.E.N. and other awards, and apart from holding Worked All Zones Certificate for c.w. has qualified for W.A.Z. on phone. Active in R.D., VK-ZL, A.R.R.L. and other yearly contests, his station has gained several places in these over the years, and, incidentally, he holds a First Class P.M.G. ticket. Forty years is a long time in Amateur Radio, but time has not dimmed the interest of this old timer. (Start Photo Caption)Harold L. Hobler and his Station, VK4DO.(End Photo Caption)

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##### 1977 06

4DO wins the Transmitting Phone section of the Ross Hull contest
   ROSS HULL VHF/UHF MEMORIAL CONTEST 1976-77 RESULTS. Trophy winner VK4DO, H. L. Hobler. 48 hour certificate VK8ZCJ, G. G. Baker. Detailed scores — 1st Column 7 day, 2nd column 48 hours. Section (a) Transmitting Open: VK7MC 2644 1248; 3KK 1406 570; 3AUQ 1146; 3VF 1138 584; Section (b) Transmitting Phone: VK4DO 6053 2158; 7ZAH 5620 1742; 2ZFB 5392 1716; 8ZCJ 5243 2064; 1ZAR 4963 1536; 3ASQ 4816 1412; 4ZRF 4702 1382; 4ZRQ 4321 1312; 1RK 4299 1700; 5LP 3809 1862; 2YDY 3132 1070; 6ZBW 2994 1466; 2ZCT 2790 1202; 4ZSH 2706 890; 2BMX 2047 902; 6ZKO 1933 1062; 3AVJ 1920 890; P29GA 1902 1270; VK2HZ 1506 492; 4ZJP 1475 1298; 3AUI 1424 836; 5ZMM 1141 450; 7AK 895. Section (c) Transmitting CW: VK4XA 2048 800. Section (d) Receiving: No logs received.
Brief bio for 4DO at time of his winning the 1977 Ross Hull Contest
   OLD TIMER WINS ROSS HULL. VK4DO of Rockhampton, Queensland, was born in that city in 1906, and during a long spell in hospital from a knee injury when he was 14 years old, decided to do something about learning "wireless". Self taught from what he could read, in 1923 he acquired his first licence, A4DO, for 10 watts on 240 metres, and there being only two broadcast stations in Queensland at that time (in Brisbane), he entertained the few local listeners with music and records every Sunday morning. There were no pick-ups in those times. Harold would wind up the old portable gramophone, put on a record and drop the carbon mike down into the sound box. Using absorption loop modulation and 140 volts HT on a 202 valve he was heard in New Zealand. The "B" batteries for the HT became expensive, so a rectifier was made from aluminium and lead in a borax solution, placed in large glass jars. To prevent the evaporation of the solution (and keep the moths out) a layer of kerosene was floated on top and every few days the moths were skimmed off. To improve the RAC note, he next acquired a 500 volt DC generator and with the DC note on CW was the envy of many of the old timers. In those days you could pick a station by the tone of his signal. Always trying to improve his station, he acquired a 210 valve to increase the power to 50 watts input. This tube served for six years and did a mighty job. With 500 volts on the plate if you held the key down too long the plate would get a cherry red from the centre outwards. Before it gave up its life, you could see the grid through a crack burnt through the plate. In the mid 1920’s receiving conditions were good and many times station KGO in Oakland, California, was received direct on 312 metres on a one and two valve set. Acquiring the AOCP in 1925, and being allowed to operate on the 80 metre band, the stage was set for better things. June 1926 saw the accomplishment of two-way QSO's with USA and Hawaii using very low power, for which he was awarded Queensland winner of the "Miles Per Watt Competition". In the same year his station was awarded an "A" grade certificate in the 1926 Trans-Pacific Tests by the WIA and ARRL for the reception of a 500 word test message across the Pacific Ocean. His First Class ticket for a sea-going operator came in 1928, the days of spark transmitters and one valve PI receivers, with a 10 in. spark coil for emergency transmitter. Around this time "Low Loss" receivers were very popular, the coils being home wound of 8 and 10 gauge copper wire. Harold made a two valve receiver, with a 1/4 in. plate glass panel, the holes being drilled with a hand drill and broken off three-cornered files — a very tedious job. It was in June of 1928 that Sir Charles Kingsford Smith’s plane, the "Southern Cross", flew from California to Brisbane. Signals were copied from the plane and supplied to the Rockhampton newspapers, which featured them as news items. The following years brought several awards, namely Worked All Continents in the year 1936 in 50 minutes, first prize by "Short Wave and Television" (USA) for Best Amateur Station, DXCC, Worked All States (USA) in one year, Honolulu Club Emergency Net, WAZ for CW in 1950; for phone in 1958 and for SSB in 1969, including many placings in ARRL; "CQ", RD, "VK-ZL Oceania" and Ross Hull Contests. Best performance was working all six continents in 1973 in 11 minutes on 14 MHz SSB without any prior schedules. In 54 years, VK4DO has been operative except for the war years. Just about every part for amateur radio has been home made except for valves. Over 64,000 contacts have been made in over 300 countries. A member of WIA for over 40 years and recently retired after nine years as CQ Branch President, you will still find this "Old Timer" around the bands. The 1976-77 Ross Hull Contest turned out to be Harold's year with 6053 points in the seven day section, and 2158 points in the 48 hour section.

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##### 1981 01

4DO pens a comprehensive radio autobiography for "Amateur Radio" magazine
   VK4DO — 57 Years a Radio Amateur. Harold Hobler VKDO, 141 Hyde St., North Rockhampton, Qld. 4700. It was in 1913, 67 years ago, that from my seat at the children's kindergarten I went to at that time, I could see through the window, the 162 foot high mast of VIR, Rockhampton, with its cage antennae coming down from a cross-arm at the top of the mast to tie-off points. When I learnt that from these cages messages were sent through the air without intervening wires, I was fascinated. That day after school, the first thing to do when I got home was to erect a piece of 3 x 2 in the back yard and string some wires down from the top of it (like VIR). A large packing case placed at the bottom served for a room to operate, and with my Dad's help a substitute was made for a morse key. I guess that was my start of interest in wireless. (Radio was not a word then.) The fascination came again nine years later, in 1922, when a crystal set was my first attempt at construction, after trying to teach myself something about "wireless" from the small amount of literature available at that time. The next year a 3 valve receiver was built, followed by a 2 valve "Lo Loss" type. The size of the wire in the coils would have taken a few kW. A single valve self-excited transmitter was also taking shape. At this time there were no broadcast stations in Queensland. The first one, 4QG, came later. There was only 2BL and 2FC in Sydney, 3AR and 3LO in Melbourne and 6WF in Perth. Broadcasting had just been born and a few B/c receivers were getting into private homes in the Rockhampton area, but static marred reception of the southern stations to a great extent. So to add to the few and far programmes of 1923, a regular Sunday morning programme was transmitted from 4DO on 240 metres, using absorption loop of grid modulation of a single 5 watt UV202 oscillator valve. Some reports came from NZ. There were no pick-ups in those times. I would wind up the portable gramophone, put on a 78 r.p.m. record, announce what it was, then drop the carbon mike down into the sound box of the gramophone. "B" batteries for the HT of 140 volts became too expensive, so a rectifier was made of aluminium and lead in a borax solution placed in large glass jars. To stop the evaporation of the solution and keep the moths out, a layer of kerosene was floated on top and the moths skimmed off every few days. From this rectifier the output was pretty rough (RAC), so to improve the HT supply a 500V DC generator was acquired, giving a pure DC tone. In 1925 you could pick a station by his tone. (T1 to T7 were common.) This same year saw amateur radio getting a move on with new stations coming on the 80 metre band nightly. I well remember many of them, but many of them are "Silent Keys" now. My AOCP No. 110 was acquired on 1st May, the code speed then being 12 w.p.m. It was in April of this year that G2NM Surrey, G20D Berks, G2LZ Sussex and G2SZ London were heard on 45 metres. With only a handful of BC stations in Australia in 1924 and 1925, it was possible to hear direct broadcasts from the USA on the broadcast band just around and after dark and many times Henry Halstead's orchestra from KGO, Oakland, California, on 312 and 371 metres, was good strength through the Amplion loudspeaker. In 1926 broadcasting was still a novelty to many up this way, and the Tivoli Theatre asked me about giving a demonstration. With a 6 valve AWA Radiola and homemade amplifier, the 2000 people listened to music from 2BL, Sydney, 900 miles away. Wouldn't like to try it today. This year saw the word "DX" come into the amateur's vocabulary, magazines were being published for the amateur, helping him to construct equipment. Contests were being organised and awards given for long distance, low power contacts. In June of this year, with 140 volts on a 5 watt UV202 valve, my first contacts were made with California, Oregon and Hawaii, for which the Jewell Miles-per-watt Contest was awarded to me for Queensland. The WIA and ARRL (USA) conducted the "1926 Trans-Pacific Tests", which provided for the copying of an official 500 word test message from Connecticut, USA, across the Pacific Ocean. For copying the message, 4DO was awarded an "A" grade certificate; was also made a member of ARRL, and a foundation member of the Rag Chewers' Club of Australia. Trying to get a few more watts in the transmitter, a UX210 tube replaced the UV202, powered by a battery for the filament and the 500V DC generator for HT. The coils were made from 1/4 in. copper tubing, coupled by sliding along glass rods. The fixed condensers were made from foil and paper taken from T model Ford spark coils; their capacity was never known. "Lo Loss" receivers were the rage in 1926, so a two valve was made on a breadboard, using a detector and one audio. Another was made on a 1/4 in. plateglass panel. Try drilling that stuff some time with a hand drill and rat-tail files. The "B" batteries for the receivers were made up from old battery carbon rods, pieces of zinc, sal ammoniac and "Marmite" jars. I guess we made everything bar the valves. To supplement my meagre income I wrote a weekly "Wireless Notes" column for the local "Bulletin" newspaper from 1924 to 1940 (16 years), a total of 581 articles, and contributed constructional articles to the "Queensland Radio News" magazine. Still trying to get my morse speed up to 20 w.p.m. by listening to the "sounders" outside the telegraph office, by practice on 80 metres over the air with the original 4AN (Leighton Gibson) of Brisbane, by trying to copy "press" from VIS, Sydney, and ships traffic on 600 metres, eventually in April 1928 was successful in obtaining my First Class PMG Certificate, No. 1003. This entitled me to the position of a ship's operator, and although a position was requested, this chap from Rockhampton was forgotten. However a wireless operator was wanted at Brunette Downs, a cattle station in the Northern Territory, but after being informed that the cabinets turned inside out from the heat and you could not even work Darwin for ten months of the year due to atmospherics, the thought was forgotten. Some of the Novices today think "The Code" is hard to learn. Believe me, it was extra hard in the 1920s, with the nearest other amateur 400 miles away. I remember for the code test for my First Class ticket having to read the sounder in the telegraph office at Rockhampton. The land line was held open and Tom Armstrong, the RI, sent from Brisbane. It was in June 1928 that the late Sir Charles Kingsford Smith ("Smithy") flew from California to Australia in the "Southern Cross", the first Trans-Pacific flight ever made. From the time "The Old Bus" (as "Smithy" called it) was 4 deg. 10 min. N and 168 deg. 52 min. W until within an hour's landing at Brisbane, messages were copied from the plane and featured in the Rockhampton newspapers. Some time later "Smithy" toured Queensland with the film "The Old Bus" and appeared on stage at my theatre in Rockhampton during the screening. In a chat with him we recounted that epic flight and the messages that came from the 50 watt transmitter aboard the aircraft. The 211 triode was powered by a wind-driven generator on the wing. The transmitter is housed with the "Southern Cross" at Brisbane's Eagle Farm Airport. From 1928 to 1936 equipment was improved, the transmitter being crystal controlled. The "Lo Loss" receiver had been replaced in May 1930 by a pilot "Super Wasp" 4 valver, and this in turn was superseded in May 1936 by the importation from Chicago of a Hallicrafters "Super Skyrider", the last word in receivers in those days. With the old faithful UX210 in the transmitter and 50 watts input, the six continents and then 48 USA States were worked in 1934. The WIA was soliciting members and my Membership Certificate is dated 6 November, 1936. CW and AM were the forms of communication. One would call CQ then tune the band for a reply. 14 Mc was THE DX band and world-wide contacts were regular with a few watts input. Over the years call sign prefixes changed from just 4DO to A4DO, then OA4DO and lastly VK4DO. September 1939 saw the outbreak of World War 2 and the sealing of amateur equipment from the 2nd of that month until January 1946. By instructing the VDC in morse and signals at the outbreak one did not forget what was so difficult to learn in the 1920s. After hostilities ceased it was difficult to get parts to get back on the air, but gradually war surplus became available and the "Command" equipment allowed many of us to put out a signal once more. Friendships were made again, but "Silent Keys" were missing from the bands. From 1946 it has been a gradual improvement of equipment and antennae, and of course SSB and transceivers have long come into their own, and the VHF bands. DX work has always had an appeal and I guess I set a challenge to myself some years ago to secure some of the worthwhile awards. With WAC in 1934, WBE in 1935 and WAS (PSA), next were the DXCC secured in 1948 and 1949, and the HARCEN and WAP in 1951. The particular awards I was after were the Worked All Zones for CW, AM, Phone and SSB. Getting the confirmation of the contacts was the trouble but they eventually were received and the three certificates came in 1950 and 1969, followed by the Captain Cook Bi-Centenary in 1970. Participation in contests were rewarding, with two Certificates for the VK-ZL Oceania, eleven firsts for VK4 in the "CQ" World-Wide, five for the Ross Hull VHF and the trophy itself for 1977 and 1979. Worked All Continents has been made many times within an hour, but the best time was in 11 minutes on 5th July, 1973, without any prior arrangement. The Old Timers' Club of USA and Australia saw fit to admit me as a member for my long association with amateur radio. Since the inception of the Boy Scouts Jamboree of the Air we have acted in an operating capacity. My 57 years as a radio amateur has been a happy and rewarding experience in many ways, and over this period and my over 40 years as a member of the WIA, I have many happy memories of friends I have made and met in Australia and overseas. Twenty years ago a few dedicated amateurs formed the Central Queensland Branch of the WIA, and it has been my pleasure to be associated with them over this period in an official capacity, nine years as President. In 1978 the Queensland Division honoured me with their Merit Badge and Certificate for Meritorious Service to the Institute, and Life Membership was bestowed by the CQ Branch in 1949. So what more could one ask for, except perhaps to add a few more QSOs to the 76,000 in the log at 4DO's.(Start Photo Caption)PHOTO 1: Amateur Radio in years gone by -- a 1926 view of the station, then A4DO(End Photo Caption) (Start Photo Caption)PHOTO 2: Station lay-out and the author in 1982(End Photo Caption)

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#### 1982
##### 1982 09

Brief thumbnail of 4DO in Amateur Radio following a hospitalisation in Brisbane
   HAROLD HOBLER, ex 4DO 1923, VK4DO (Life member of WIA) Harold was born in 1906 and became interested in radio before the age of 17. Would any other amateur in Australia have such a long and active career in amateur radio as Harold? Harold was first licensed in March 1923 as 4DO, but like many others was active before then. AOCP certificate 110. Wavelength was 240 metres and power 10 watts. Since 1923 Harold has achieved a record far too long to show here but includes contest wins, many rewards for service to amateur radio, including Life Membership of the Queensland Division, WIA, operating certificates, etc. Refer AR January 1981. "VK4DO—57 years a radio amateur." The photo was taken when Harold was in a Brisbane hospital recently before he returned home to Rockhampton, where we wish him continued speedy recovery.(Start Photo Caption) Harold VK4DO (End Photo Caption)

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##### 1984 07

Brief obituary for 4DO by 4UX
   Obituaries. . . . HAROLD HOBLER VK4DO. The many friends, and fellow amateurs, will mourn the death of Harold Hobler, VK4DO, of Rockhampton Queensland. Hal, as he was known all over the world, passed away early on Sunday morning, 6th May, 1984. Hal was an active amateur, for well over fifty years. In fact, he attended the local Amateur Radio Club, the Friday night before his death. His many exploits, contest operating, numerous certificates and trophies, as well as his unfailing good humour, were well known to the thousands of amateurs all around the world, who had the pleasure of working him. He was one of the original amateurs, who founded the Central Queensland Branch of the Wireless Institute. I met him very early in my radio career, and he was of tremendous help to me, whilst I was studying for my ticket. Hal was a very close and dear friend to me, as he was to many other people. Even a brief outline of his life and activity in both amateur radio and public life, would take up quite a lot of space. But, his life has been very well documented in Amateur Radio magazine, most recently on page 8, March AR, and many overseas radio magazines. Our deepest sympathies go to Molly, his wife, and to his family. Claud Singleton, VK4UX
Another brief obituary for 4DO by 4ACC
   Obituaries. . . . HAROLD HOBLER (Start Photo Caption)The late Harold Hobler pictured with the Ross Hull Trophy which he won in 1977 and 1979. Photograph courtesy Rockhampton Morning Bulletin(End Photo Caption) Life Member of the institute Harold VK4D0 passed away 3.00 AM Sunday, 6th May, 1984 at Rockhampton. His life as an amateur for sixty three years is known by many. However, I would like to describe Hal as I knew him for only a few short years. I joined the WIA in 1978 at Rockhampton and met Hal as a past President and then Treasurer. Into his 70s, his mind was still alert. We had no trouble communicating with him as there was no generation gap. He enjoyed our company and we had many long QSOs with him. It was stated at his funeral that he was a great communicator. As many know this was true. On the rear window of his car a sign said "The world listens to VK4DO". How true this is as he was one of the most active operators in Central Queensland. He really enjoyed his QSOs as well as being a major 6 metre operator and very active on the HF DX bands. He had a good sense of humour and enjoyed a friendly "stir". His CW was only a blurr to me. He could talk to me while listening to his regular CW sked from the USA which seemed about 30 WPM. CW was just another language to him. He was all that, a true amateur should be and was still homebrewing gear until recently. We all enjoyed his tales of days long gone. His claim that his life span covered the most progressive period in history from horse travel to space travel — from smoke signals to microprocessor communications. We all knew his bad heart would give up eventually but the loss of this marvellous old gent will be difficult to accept. Clive, VK4ACC, President CQ Branch, WIA, Rockhampton.

##### 1984 08

An obituary for 4DO in "Amateur Radio" VHF UHF column
   VHF UHF - an expanding world by Eric Jamieson VK5LP (Page 32, August 1984) . . . VALE:VK4DO It is with deep regret I have to inform you Harold Hobler, VK4DO, passed away on 6th May 1984. Hal, as he was known to all, came on the air officially in March 1923, and had AOCP Certificate No 110. He transmitted voice and music prior to that with the call 4D0 on Sunday mornings on 240 metres with a grid modulated UV202 oscillator valve running 5 watts! Over the years he had the call signs A4DO, A04DO and finally VK4DO. Over the years Hal received many HF operating awards, WAC in 1934, WBE 1935, DXCC 1948, WAP 1951, Cook Bi-Centenary 1970. He obtained eleven firsts for VK4 in the "CQ World Wide Contest", five awards for the Ross Hull Memorial VHF Contest and the trophy itself in 1977 and 1979. Hal was a member of the WIA for over 45 years, and helped to form the Central Queensland Branch of the WIA around 1960 and served nine years as its President. In 1978 the Queensland Division honoured him with their Merit Badge and Certificate for Meritorious Service to the Institute, and Life Membership was bestowed by the CQ Branch in 1949. Of more recent times Hal spent quite a large portion of his on air time operating the VHF bands, and amateurs in all states will remember his rather distinctive voice on six metres, especially during the Ross Hull Contest when he usually managed to amass quite large scores. If a QSO was in progress Hal would often choose a lull in the conversation to break in simply with "VK4DO" and after an exchange of contest numbers would as quickly leave the QSO. Hal probably had the distinction of being one of the few amateurs to still have the main components of his original call all his operating life, and in this case 61 years. His voice will be sadly missed on both the HF and VHF bands.

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## References

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* ↑ "CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (17,7[?]): p. 12. 22 October 1921. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article53988010. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
* ↑ "CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (17,737): p. 5. 18 November 1921. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article53990639. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (17,803): p. 4. 13 February 1922. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article53998564. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
* ↑ "CHAMBER OF COMMERCE". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (17,872): p. 11. 6 May 1922. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54025855. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI THEATRE.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,402): p. 10. 12 January 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "Barcaldine and General Budget". The Western Champion (Queensland, Australia) XLV, (1692): p. 16. 21 June 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
* ↑ "QUESTION BOX.". The Daily Mail (Queensland, Australia) (52): p. 23. 25 May 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "Rockhampton Reception". The Daily Mail (Queensland, Australia) (52): p. 23. 25 May 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "Wireless Broadcasting". The Western Champion (Queensland, Australia) XLV, (1689): p. 9. 31 May 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "Barcaldine and General Budget". The Western Champion (Queensland, Australia) XLV, (1692): p. 16. 21 June 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "MUSIC BY WIRELESS". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16088): p. 9 (CITY EDITION). 23 June 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "LISTENING IN.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,537): p. 8. 23 June 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE". The Daily Mail (Queensland, Australia) (57): p. 23. 29 June 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,566): p. 7. 26 July 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ Editor, Wireless Weekly (1 August 1924). "Some Good DX". Correspondence. Wireless Weekly (Australia). Sydney: Wireless Newspapers Limited. 4 (16): 15, 44. Retrieved 18 December 2024 – via NLA's Trove. DX report since 2 July 2024. {{cite journal}}: |author= has generic name (help)
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,569): p. 12. 2 August 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54282098. Retrieved 18 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,579): p. 12. 9 August 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54282867. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,585): p. 12. 16 August 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54283657. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "VICTORIAN NOTES", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press (Vol. 4 No. 20 (29 August 1924)), nla.obj-642867554, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help)
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,604): p. 14. 6 September 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,605): p. 6. 13 September 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 October 1926). "Testing With America" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (9): 55. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Amateurs Prove Reliability of Short Waves{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "v. ; 24-38 cm.", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press, nla.obj-632149882, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "v. ; 24-38 cm.", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press, nla.obj-632149882, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "v. ; 24-38 cm.", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press, nla.obj-632149954, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,634): p. 14. 18 October 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,667): p. 4. 1 December 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,679): p. 3. 20 December 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,903): p. 11. 14 February 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX Notes, &c.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,925): p. 14. 14 March 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (18,942): p. 8. 9 April 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER". The Daily News (Western Australia) XLIV, (15,603): p. 6 (THIRD EDITION). 27 April 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA". Daily Telegraph (Tasmania, Australia) XLV, (194): p. 6. 15 August 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "5CL STEADILY IMPROVING". The Mail (Adelaide) (South Australia) 14, (697): p. 23. 3 October 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX NOTES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,085): p. 3. 17 October 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54315488. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
* ↑ "ITEMS OF INTEREST.". The Brisbane Courier (Queensland, Australia) (21,150): p. 19. 6 November 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (1050): p. 3. 14 December 1925. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "Wireless News.". The Armidale Chronicle (New South Wales, Australia): p. 9. 30 January 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19187): p. 12. 13 February 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "A Three Valve Receiver specially designed to suit Australian Conditions", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press (Vol. 7 No. 17 (19 February 1926)), nla.obj-669097644, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help)
* ↑ "NEWS FROM KGO.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,105): p. 14. 6 March 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
* ↑ XQ. (1 April 1926). "4DO Rockhampton" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (3): 28. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Making street lamps blink
* ↑ A. T. Bartlett. (1 April 1926). "Radio A-4DO" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (3): 30–31. Retrieved 20 December 2024. Harold L. Hobler
* ↑ "WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?I."]. Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,254): p. 8. 4 May 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,257): p. 12. 8 May 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,259): p. 5. 10 May 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (1176): p. 7. 13 May 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ H. L. Hobler. (1 June 1926). "The Superdyne Receiver" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (5): 10–11. Retrieved 21 December 2024. An uncommon type of set
* ↑ "LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (1196): p. 6. 5 June 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,284): p. 8. 8 June 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ A. T. Bartlett. (1 July 1926). "4DO - Shake!" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (6): 15. Retrieved 21 December 2024. H. L. Hobler
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 July 1926). "4DO Rockhampton" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (6): 19. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Worked several yanks.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 July 1926). "H. Kington" (PDF). Personalities. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (6): 27. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Wooloowin Radio Club{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ H. L. Hobler (1 July 1926). "The Care and Maintenance of Accumulators" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (6): 37–38. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Good steady current is essential
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 September 1926). "4DO apparent temporary close down" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (8): 56. Retrieved 21 December 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ "TALKING WITH AMERICA". The Daily Telegraph (New South Wales, Australia) (14,591): p. 7. 14 September 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
* ↑ A. T. Bartlett. (1 November 1926). "Skip distance on 35 metres" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 2 (10): 41. Retrieved 21 December 2024. 4DO and 4RB experience skip
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,420): p. 4. 22 November 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,424): p. 13. 27 November 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ "SHORT WAVES". The Sun (New South Wales, Australia) (5019): p. 9 (FINAL EXTRA). 7 December 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,436): p. 8. 11 December 1926. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ H. L. Hobler (1 February 1927). "A Short Wave Transmitter" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (1): 25. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Be in possession of AOCP
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 February 1927). "WIA Traffic Test No. 1" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (1): 46. Retrieved 21 December 2024. 4DO 60 points{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ "THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19472): p. 8. 25 February 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ "THE TIVOLI.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19473): p. 7. 26 February 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ A. T. Bartlett. (1 March 1927). "Latest List of Call Signs of Queensland Amateur Transmitters" (PDF). The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (2): 40. Retrieved 20 December 2024. 4DO Harold L. Hobler
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,477): p. 11. 5 March 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOIES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,484): p. 12. 12 March 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ "PERSONAL NEWS.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,517): p. 6. 20 April 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ "DX NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,523): p. 3. 30 April 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 July 1927). "4DO back in Rockhampton" (PDF). With the Hams. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (6): 38. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Busy managing several theatres{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ "DX NOTES.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,749): p. 12. 15 October 1927. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 November 1927). "4DO" (PDF). Among the Amateurs. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (10): 41. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Using indoor aerial{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (1 December 1927). "Second District Notes" (PDF). Among the Amateurs. The Queensland Radio News. Brisbane: The Read Press Ltd. 3 (11): 49. Retrieved 21 December 2024. The Rag Chewers' Club{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ "RADIO CLUB". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,853): p. 7. 10 March 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54616310
* ↑ http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54619359
* ↑ "ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,902): p. 8. 14 May 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS MESSAGE.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,923): p. 9. 5 June 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
* ↑ http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54628303
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,986): p. 1. 20 August 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54633980. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (19,990): p. 1. 27 August 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54634856. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES AERIAL". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (2[?]038): p. 12. 10 November 1928. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55314789. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,131): p. 7. 27 April 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54646006. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "PAPER ON WIRELESS.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,154): p. 7. 27 May 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54660160. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,183): p. 13. 13 July 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54666386. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,218): p. 13. 24 August 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54669046. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "Getting The News.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2547): p. 8. 6 November 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199726024. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS NEWS.". The West Australian (Western Australia) XLV, (8,549): p. 8. 13 November 1929. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32329864. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS AND BROADCASTING.". The Catholic Press (New South Wales, Australia) (1782): p. 4. 13 March 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108137362. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Unemployed Relief Concert.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2672): p. 2. 21 March 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201253862. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Amateur Notes". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (17921): p. 11. 14 May 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article184434879. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,433): p. 4. 31 May 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55367581. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Amateur Notes". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (17957): p. 16. 25 June 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article184441850. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2787): p. 12. 6 August 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201509122. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2800): p. 12. 21 August 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201511468. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS FEAT.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,510): p. 14. 29 August 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55380471. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Amateur Stations". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (18,029): p. 12. 17 September 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article188283898. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI TALKIES LIMITED.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2824): p. 2. 18 September 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201510305. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI TALKIES LIMITED.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,534): p. 8. 26 September 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54674342. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,534): p. 2. 26 September 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54674312. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
* ↑ "Short Waves". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (18,047): p. 4 (SECOND EDITION). 8 October 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article184786504. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "TALKIES AT TIVOLI". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,553): p. 9. 18 October 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54677328. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "ENTERTAINMENTS.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (2894): p. 13. 9 December 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201503428. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "MT. CASSIDY". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,600): p. 8. 12 December 1930. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54684324. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI TALKIES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,663): p. 5. 2 March 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54694144. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "A PRESENTATION". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,681): p. 12. 19 March 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54696426. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "AMATEUR RADIO TESTS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20318): p. 5. 29 August 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57623171. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "TESTS TO-MORROW NIGHT BY MR. H. L. HOBLER.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20330): p. 10. 12 September 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57617253. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20342): p. 11. 26 September 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57619547. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,349): p. 1. 5 October 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54705587. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,355): p. 4. 12 October 1931. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54702057. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI TALKES LTD.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,424): p. 6. 1 January 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55394217. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ ""Dirigible."". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (3273): p. 10. 10 March 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201100116. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "COMES TO ROCKHAMPTON". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,483): p. 6. 10 March 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55403342. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "How Hobler Won "Dirigible" Contest in Queensland.", Everyones., Sydney: Everyones Ltd (Vol.13 No.628 (16 March 1932)), 1920, nla.obj-559887754, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "PERSONAL". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,493): p. 10. 22 March 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55404767. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (3290): p. 10. 31 March 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201099239. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "FELT AT HOME". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20583): p. 6. 6 July 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55500791. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20641): p. 5. 12 September 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55502079. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "An Evening Wedding". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (3437): p. 10. 27 September 1932. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198815748. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,746): p. 11. 14 January 1933. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54714971. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,774): p. 4. 18 February 1933. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54711957. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "ANOTHER LOCAL TRANSMITTER". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,792): p. 10. 11 March 1933. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54716208. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "SUNDAY CONCERTS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,803): p. 6. 24 March 1933. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54713417. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "A Complete List of Experimental Stations", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press (Vol. 21 No. 19 (12 May 1933)), nla.obj-713754682, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help)
* ↑ "WIRELESS NOTES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (20,911): p. 14. 29 July 1933. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55509603. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "ON THE ROAD IN QUEENSLAND", Everyones., Sydney: Everyones Ltd (Vol.13 No.711 (11 October 1933)), 1920, nla.obj-576123327, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "CLAIM FOR £100 AGAINST TIVOLI TALKIES.". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (4000): p. 1. 23 August 1934. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198782923. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "CLAIM FOR DAMAGES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21242): p. 12. 24 August 1934. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55607566. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "v. ; 24-38 cm.", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press, nla.obj-727687381, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove
* ↑ "PERSONAL.". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21243): p. 10. 25 August 1934. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55599226. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "QUEENSLAND SHOWS AND SHOWMEN", Everyones., Sydney: Everyones Ltd (Vol.14 No.765 (24 October 1934)), 1920, nla.obj-577540911, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "RADIO EXPERIMENTS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21,295): p. 6. 25 October 1934. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54774082. Retrieved 7 December 2024.
* ↑ "Family Notices". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (4056): p. 6. 1 November 1934. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199749953. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "OPENING TOMORROW". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21,412): p. 5. 8 March 1935. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55541987. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "DINNER TO MR. A. Prince". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (4154): p. 2. 8 March 1935. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198323101. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "HAPPENINGS ALL OVER AUSTRALIA NEWS, COMMENT, PERSONALITIES Showmen's Corner.", Everyones., Sydney: Everyones Ltd (Vol.15 No.783 (27 March 1935)), 1920, nla.obj-559745521, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "WIRELESS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21,628): p. 3. 16 November 1935. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54802216. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "WITH THE AMATEURS". The Advertiser (Adelaide) (South Australia): p. 9. 8 February 1936. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35407302. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "v. : ill. ; 32 cm.", Everyones., Sydney: Everyones Ltd, 1920, nla.obj-551508140, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "GREETINGS EXCHANGED WITH DAVIS CUP TEAM". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21,794): p. 8. 29 May 1936. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54958856. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "WIRELESS REGULATIONS PREVENT REPLY TO CRAWFORD". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (21,795): p. 8. 30 May 1936. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54958973. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
* ↑ "105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.", The bulletin., John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues)., Sydney, N.S.W: John Haynes and J.F. Archibald, 1880, ISSN 0007-4039, nla.obj-562295790, retrieved 30 November 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (2 November 1936). "Radio VK4DO" (PDF). Station Description. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 4 (11): 11–12. Retrieved 16 December 2024. One of the first licensed stations in 1923{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ "WAC Record?" (PDF). Correspondence. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 5 (2): 15. 1 February 1937. Retrieved 15 December 2024. 4DO Harold Hobler
* ↑ "5 AD—229 Metres". The Advertiser (Adelaide) (South Australia): p. 19. 6 March 1937. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74342571. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57630430
* ↑ http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57633361
* ↑ "Advertising". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (22,197): p. 4. 17 September 1937. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55001428. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "LONG DISTANCE RADIO RECORD TO ROCKHAMPTON STATION". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (22,216): p. 11. 9 October 1937. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55004472. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "MISS THELMA STROH". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (22,216): p. 9. 9 October 1937. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55004523. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.", The bulletin., John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues)., Sydney, N.S.W: John Haynes and J.F. Archibald, 1880, ISSN 0007-4039, nla.obj-568185964, retrieved 13 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ Australasian Radio Relay League., "v. ; 24-38 cm.", The wireless weekly : the hundred per cent Australian radio journal, Sydney: Wireless Press, nla.obj-707814865, retrieved 13 December 2024 – via Trove
* ↑ "WANT TO OPEN ON CHRISTMAS DAY". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (22280): p. 13. 23 December 1937. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55954135. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "RADIO NEWS. DON B. KNOCK'S PAGES. Sydney's 1938 Radio and Electrical Exhibition.", The bulletin., John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues)., Sydney, N.S.W: John Haynes and J.F. Archibald (Vol. 59 No. 3029 (2 Mar 1938)), 1880, ISSN 0007-4039, nla.obj-576240546, retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Trove {{citation}}: |section= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
* ↑ "EXPERIMENTAL RADIO ASSOCIATION FORMED". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (22,543): p. 3. 23 February 1939. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56015765. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "Paragraphs About People". Evening News (Queensland, Australia) (5183): p. 8. 18 March 1939. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198841179. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "SOCIAL GOSSIP". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (23,633): p. 6. 1 September 1942. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56127140. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "SOCIAL GOSSIP". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (23,815): p. 2. 3 April 1943. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56143515. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "SOCIAL GOSSIP". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (23,820): p. 3. 9 April 1943. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56143941. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "LETTER FROM HOME". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (25,451): p. 8. 30 June 1945. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56386357. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "PERSONAL". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,389): p. 3. 5 January 1946. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56430330. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "ROCKHAMPTON RADIO EXPERIMENTERS' ASSOCIATION". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,430): p. 2. 22 February 1946. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56435387. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
* ↑ "ROCKHAMPTON RADIO ASSOCIATION". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,613): p. 7. 3 October 1946. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56453119. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "ADULT EDUCATION: RADIO SERIES". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,614): p. 5. 4 October 1946. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56453191. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "Radio Experimenters' Association". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,722): p. 7. 10 February 1947. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56417179. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "Amateur Radio Man Brings World Into His Home". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (26,862): p. 12. 25 July 1947. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56790082. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "OBITUARY Mrs J. H. French". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (27,814): p. 3. 23 August 1950. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56954737. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "Favours Universal Military Training". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (28,625): p. 5. 20 February 1951. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57069107. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "' Correspondence". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (28,743): p. 7. 10 July 1951. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57115046. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
* ↑ "OBITUARY Mr V. L. Hobler". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (29,568): p. 6. 30 June 1954. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57324024. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "TIVOLI THEATRE CHANGES HANDS". Morning Bulletin (Queensland, Australia) (29,600): p. 5. 6 August 1954. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57334780. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
* ↑ "HAROLD L. HOBLER, VK4DO" (PDF). Meet the Other Amateur and His Station. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 31 (1): 19. 1 January 1963. Retrieved 14 December 2024. 40 years in amateur radio
* ↑ Kevin Phillips, VK3AUQ (June 1977). "ROSS HULL VHF/UHF MEMORIAL CONTEST 1976-77 RESULTS" (PDF). Contests. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 45 (6): 25. Retrieved 16 December 2024. Trophy winner VK4DO
* ↑ Kevin Phillips, VK3AUQ (June 1977). "Old Timer Wins Ross Hull" (PDF). Contests. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 45 (6): 25. Retrieved 16 December 2024. Harold's year with 6053 points
* ↑ Harold Learmonth Hobler (January 1981). "VK4DO - 57 Years a Radio Amateur" (PDF). Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 49 (1): 20–21. Retrieved 15 December 2024. Editor, "Wireless Notes" column, Morning Bulletin 1924-1940
* ↑ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (September 1982). "Harold Hobler, ex 4DO 1923" (PDF). Thumbnail Sketches. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 50 (9): 38. Retrieved 16 December 2024. Life member of WIA{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Claud Singleton VK4UX (July 1984). "Harold Hobler" (PDF). Obituaries. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 52 (7): 62. Retrieved 15 December 2024. Founding member, Central Qld Branch WIA
* ↑ Clive VK4ACC (July 1984). "Harold Hobler" (PDF). Obituaries. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 52 (7): 62. Retrieved 15 December 2024. Life member of the WIA
* ↑ Eric Jamieson VK5LP (1 August 1984). "VALE:VK4DO" (PDF). VHF UHF - an expanding world. Amateur Radio, Journal of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Melbourne: W.I.A. (Vic. Div.). 52 (8): 33. Retrieved 15 December 2024. VK4DO, passed away on 6th May 1984