# Flora of New York/Poaceae 3

| ← Poaceae 2 | Flora of New York — Poaceae 3 | Flora of New York — Poaceae 3 | Flora of New York — Poaceae 3 | Flora of New York — Poaceae 3 | → Poaceae 4 |
| ← Poaceae 2 | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Poaceae 4 |
Poales genus index
From A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae

## Subfamily Pooideae

* Subfam. Pooideae Benth. (1861) is a large group that contains the cool-season grasses. This includes barley, oats, rye, wheat, and others.

### Tribe Brachyelytreae

* Tribe Brachyelytreae Ohwi (1941) contains only the genus Brachyelytrum.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Brachyelytrum

* Brachyelytrum aristosumThe ranges of the two North American shorthusk species overlap in New York, and they grow closely together in some parts of the state, but not in mixed populations, nor have they been known to hybridize.
* According to the New York Flora Atlas, both shorthusk species grow in mesic hardwood forests. Northern shorthusk (B. aristosum) is found in cooler, more northern sites, while southern shorthusk (B. erectum) usually grows in warmer, more southern sites, and sometimes in dry-mesic or calcareous sites.
* Brachyelytrum aristosum (northern shorthusk): Lemmas (0.7-) 0.8—1.2 (-1.4) mm wide, minutely scabrous, longest hairs (0.06-) 0.08—0.14 (-0.2) mm long, not evident at 10x; weakly veined, mid-veins similar in prominence to secondary veins; widest leaf blades (0.8-) 1.0—1.4 (-1.6) cm wide;
* Brachyelytrum erectum (southern shorthusk): Lemmas (0.8-) 1.1—1.5 (-1.8) mm wide, hispid, longest hairs (0.2-) 0.4—0.8 (-0.9) mm long, easily seen under 10x magnification, conspicuously veined, mid-veins more prominent than the secondary veins; widest leaf blades (0.9-) 1.1—1.7 (-2.0) cm wide.
* ↑ Stephen N. Stephenson & Jeffery M. Saarela "6.01 Treatment of Brachyelytrum P. Beauv." The Grass Manual on the Web
* ↑ Jeffery M. Saarela, Pau M. Peterson, Robert J. Soreng, & Ralph E. Chapman (2003). "A Taxonomic Revision of the Eastern North American and Eastern Asian Disjunct Genus Brachyelytrutn (Poaceae): Evidence from Morphology, Phytogeography and AFLPs." Systematic Botany 28:674-692. via. KeyBase (2021). Grasses of North America north of Mexico: Brachyelytrum.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Brachyelytreae :
| Genus Brachyelytrum | Shorthusk | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Brachyelytrum aristosum (Michx.) Trel.1888. Brachyelytrum aristosum Trel.1943. Brachyelytrum erectumvar. septentrionale Babel1988. B. septentrionale G.C.Tucker auct. B. erectumvar. glabratum | Northern short-husk, Northern long-awned   wood grass | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) P.Beauv.1802. Muhlenbergia erecta Schreb.1812. Brachyelytrum erectum P.Beauv.1892. B. aristosumvar. glabratum Vasey1964. B. erectumvar. glabratumT. Koyama & Kawano | Bearded short-husk, Southern long-awned   wood grass | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Brachyelytreae Ohwi, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 361. 1941 ||||||

### Tribe Nardeae

* Tribe Nardeae W.D.J. Koch. (1837) contains only the genus Nardus..
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Nardus

* Nardus strictaNardus stricta (matgrass) is and Old-World grass that has been found in northern New York, New England, and eastern Canada. It is also present in Oregon and Idaho, where it is listed as a noxious weed.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Nardeae — Nardus :
| Genus Nardus | Mat grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Nardus stricta L.1753. Nardus stricta L.1941. N. glabriculmis Sakalo1976. N. strictavar. glabriculmis | Matgrass, Mat grass, Moor matgrass, Doormat grass, Strict matgrass, Nard grass, WirebentNard raide, Nard, Poil-de-bouc, Poil-de-chien | Introduced from  Europe,  temperate Asia,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive, Naturalized weed | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Meliceae

* Tribe Meliceae Link ex Endl. (1830) contains Glyceria, Lycochloa, Melica, Pleuropogon, Schizachne, and Triniochloa.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Glyceria

Glyceria (manna grass or sweet grass) is treated here based on:
* Barkworth & Anderton and
* Am. J. Bot. April 2007 vol. 94 no. 4 551-557 doi: 10.3732/ajb.94.4.551

###### Glyceria sect. Hydropoa

* Glyceria grandisGlyceria sect. Hydropoa (Dumort.) Dumort includes a total of about five species, of which only American manna grass in known to grow in New York State. The Eurasian G. maxima is assessed as highly invasive for the region, but there have as yet been no vouchered reports in New York. However, there is concern that some of the specimens of G. grandis might in fact be G. maxima.
* An observation of Glyceria maxima made by Paul Rutledge in Wyoming County 1994 is shown in iMapInvasives.
* ↑ iMapInvasives presence record for Reed Mannagrass in Wyoming County (Carlton Hill Upper Little Tonawanda Creek) made by Paul Rutledge in 1994, based on data mined in 2015.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Meliceae — Melicineae — Glyceria sect. Hydropoa :
| Genus Glyceria sect. Hydropoa | Manna grass | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glyceria grandis S.Watsonvar. grandis1890. Glyceria grandis S.Watson1823. Poa aquaticavar. americana1892. Panicularia americana(Torr.) MacMill.1913. Panicularia grandis(S. Watson) Nash1921. Glyceria grandisfo. grandis (i)1934. Glyceria grandisvar. grandis (i)1942. Glyceria maximassp. grandis1957. Glyceria maximavar. grandis1967. Glyceria maximavar. americana | American manna grass American mannagrass American glyceria Giant glyceria Giant manna grass | Native, CoC: 4, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holb.1753. Poa aquatica L. 1812. Melica aquatica (L.) Weber ex P.Beauv. 1820. Glyceria aquatica (L.) Wahlb. 1820. Molinia maxima Hartm. 1919. Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holb. | Reed meadowgrass ⓘ Reed mannagrass ⓘ Reed sweetgrass ⓘ Tall glyceria English watergrass Glycerie aquatique | Introduced from  northern Eurasia, Highly invasive,  NYIS: 80%, No NY reports, NYFA Excluded | Wyoming (1994 iMap) NYFA-Excluded iNat GBIF | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Glyceria maxima: High (80). ||||||

##### Glyceria sect. Glyceria

* Glyceria borealis
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Meliceae — Melicineae — Glyceria sect. Glyceria :
| Genus Glyceria sect. Glyceria | Manna grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder    Panicularia borealis Nash    G. borealis (Nash) Batchelder    G. fluitansvar. angustata | Northern manna grass, Small floating manna grass | Native, CoC: 7, Secure OBL Perennial, Graminoid | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc. (1906)var. septentrionalis    Panicularia septentrionalis | Floating manna grass | Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Graminoid | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria acutiflora Torr.    Panicularia acutiflora | Creeping mannagrass, Sharp-glumed manna grass, Sharp-flowered manna grass, Sharp-scaled manna grass | Native, CoC: 9, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Graminoid | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria fluitans (L.) R.Br.    Festuca fluitans L.    Panicularia fluitans | Water manna grass | Introduced, Naturalized, SNA, GNR OBL Perennial, Graminoid | | Bronx (1898), Chemung, Chenango (1939), Oneida, Richmond, Rockland, Westchester NYFA: X iNat | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria declinata Brébiss. | Small manna grass, Waxy mannagrass | Introduced, Impersistent, Unk. naturalization | | NYFA: X iNat | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Glyceria sect. Glyceria (excluded taxa) | Manna grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc.var. arkansana(Fernald) Steyerm. & C. Kucera | Floating manna grass | Native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA- Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| G. borealis × septentrionalis | Hybrid of  northern manna grass &  floating manna grass | Native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria notata Chevall.1827. Glyceria notata Chevall.1839. G. fluitansvar. plicata1845. G. plicata (Fr.) Fr. | Plicate sweet grass | Introduced from  Eruasia,  northern Africa, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded iNat | Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

##### Glyceria sect. Striatae

* Glyceria striata fowl mannagrass
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Meliceae — Melicineae — Glyceria sect. Striatae :
| Genus Glyceria sect. Striatae | Manna grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc.1791. Poa striata Lam. 1797. Poa nervata Willd. 1830. Glyceria nervata (Willd.) Trin. 1891. Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze 1928. Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. 1929. Glyceria striata  var. stricta  (Scribn.) Fernald 1933. Panicularia striata (Lam.) Hitchc. 1942. Glyceria striata  ssp. stricta  (Scribn.) Hultén | Fowl manna grass, Fowl mannagrass | Native, CoC: 6, Secure | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria melicaria (Michx.) F.T.Hubbard (1912) | Slender manna grass ⓘ Melic mannagrass | Native, CoC: 7, Secure | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin.    Panicularia canadensis | Rattlesnake mannagrass Canada manna grass | Native, CoC: 8, Secure | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria obtusa (Muhl.) Trin.1817. Poa obtusa Muhl.1830. Glyceria obtusa (Muhl.) Trin.1891. Panicularia obtusa(Muhl.) Kuntze | Atlantic mannagrass, Blunt manna grass | Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable | | NYFA: 3? iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria laxa (Scribn.) Scribn.    G. canadensisvar. laxa    Glyceria × ottawensis    Panicularia laxa Scribn. | Limp manna grass, Northern manna grass | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered | | NYFA: 1? | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Glyceria sect. Striatae (excluded taxa) | Manna grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glyceria × gatineauensis  Glyceria melicaria ×   Glyceria striata    Glyceria × gatineauensis | Hybrid of  slender manna grass &  fowl manna grass | Native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Glyceria × ottawensis  Glyceria canadensis ×   Glyceria striata    Glyceria × ottawensis | Hybrid of  slender manna grass &  Canada manna grass | Native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |

#### Melica

* Melica altissima 'Atropurpurea'
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Meliceae — Melicineae — Melica :
| Genus Melica (excluded taxa) | Melic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Melica altissima L. | Siberian melicgrass | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Waif | | excluded NYFA-Excluded iNat | USDA-XW Images Wikispecies |

#### Schizachne

* Schizachne purpurascensFalse melic (Schizachne purpurascens)
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Meliceae — Schizachne :
| Genus Schizachne | False melic | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Schizachne purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen1823. Trisetum purpurascens Torr. 1803. Avena striata Michx. illeg. hom. 1906. Melica striata Hitchc. 1908. Melica purpurascens (Torr.) Hitchc. 1913. Avena torreyi Nash 1928. S. purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen 1936. S. striata (Hitchc.) Hultén | False melic, False melic grass, Purple oat | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Stipeae

* Tribe Stipeae Dumort. (1824) contains Achnatherum, Aciachne, Amelichloa, Anatherostipa, Anemanthele, Austrostipa, Celtica, Eriocoma, Hesperostipa, Jarava, Lorenzochloa, Macrochloa, Nassella, Oloptum, Ortachne, Orthoraphium, Oryzopsis, Pappostipa, Patis, Piptochaetium, Piptatheropsis, Piptatherum, Psammochloa, Ptilagrostis, Stipa, Stipellula, Timouria, and Trikeraia. Many of the New York grasses in the tribe Stipeae are referred to in general as rice grasses.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Oryzopsis

* Oryzopsis asperifoliaThe name Oryzopsis reflects a similarity to the genus Oryza (rice). Spreading whitegrass, roughleaf ricegrass, or white-grained mountain rice grass is common in shaded habitats of New York.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Oryzopsis :
| Genus Oryzopsis | Rice grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. | Spreading white grass ⓘ Roughleaf ricegrass White-grained mountain-ricegrass | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

#### Patis

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Patis :
| Genus Patis | Rice grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Patis racemosa (Sm.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson & R.J.Soreng1813. Milium racemosum Sm. 1817. Oryzopsis melanocarpa Muhl. 1829. Piptatherum racemosum (Sm.) Eaton 1906. Oryzopsis racemosa in… 2011. Patis racemosa (Sm.) Romasch., in… | Black-fruited rice grass, Blackseed ricegrass, Black-fruited mountain-ricegrass | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Piptatheropsis

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Piptatheropsis :
| Genus Piptatheropsis  Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng | Rice grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Piptatheropsis pungens (Torr.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson &R.J.Soreng1821. Milium pungens in… 1908. Oryzopsis pungens in… 2001. Piptatherum pungens in… 2011. Piptatheropsis pungens in… | Mountain ricegrass, Short-awned mountain-rice grass | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Piptatheropsis canadensis (Poir.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson &R.J.Soreng1806. Stipa canadensis Poir. 1835. Urachne canadensis (Poir.) Torr. 1843. Oryzopsis canadensis (Poir.) Torr. 1888. Oryzopsis juncea in… 2001. Piptatherum canadense (Poir.) Dorn 2011. Piptatheropsis canadensis (Poir.) in… | Canada ricegrass, Canada mountain-ricegrass | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Piptochaetium

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Piptochaetium :
| Genus Piptochaetium | Spear grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Piptochaetium avenaceum (L.) Parodi (1944)Stipa avenacea L | Black-seeded spear grass ⓘ Blackseed speargrass | Native, Vulnerable | | NYFA: 3? | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

#### Hesperostipa

* Hesperostipa comataNeedle-and-thread grass is native to western North America and has not been found to naturalize in New York State. It was collected from Cobb's Hill Reservoir in Rochester 1914 but has not persisted there. See Plants of Monroe County.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Hesperostipa :
| Genus Hesperostipa | Needle and thread | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Hesperostipa comata (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth ssp. comata1842. Stipa comata Trin. & Rupr. in Sp. Gram. Stipac.:75 1993. Hesperostipa comata (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth in Phytologia 74:16 | Needle-and-thread Needle-and-thread grass Needlegrass Speargrass | Introduced from  western N. America, N. America native, Impersistent, SNA, G5, Graminoid, Heliophily: 9 | | NYFA: Monroe 1914 | USDA-NN POWO FSUS VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Nassella

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Stipeae — Stipinae — Nassella :
| Genus Nassella | Tussock grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Nassella viridula (Trin.) BarkworthStipa viridula Trin. | Green needlegrass | Introduced, N. America native, Impersistent | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Diarrheneae

* Tribe Diarrheneae C.S. Campb. (1985) contains Diarrhena and Neomolinia.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Diarrhena

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Diarrheneae — Diarrhena :
| Genus Diarrhena | Beak grain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg (1991)Diarrhena americana var. obovata | Western beakgrain ⓘ Beak grass Obovate beakgrain ⓘ | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Diarrheneae Tateoka ex C.S. Campb., J. Arnold Arbor. 66: 188. 8 Apr 1985 ||||||

### Tribe Brachypodieae

* Tribe Brachypodieae Harz (1880) consists of the single genus Brachypodium (syn. Trachynia), which has no known species that are native to the western hemisphere.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

#### Brachypodium

* Brachypodium sylvaticumBrachypodium, commonly known as false brome contains the invasive slender false brome (B. sylvaticum), which has a number of dense populations in New York and according to iMapInvasives is present in at least 11 counties.
* Purple false brome (B. distachyon) has not been reported in New York, but in listed in iMap as Highly invasive with an NYS Tier of 1b, as it is present in New Jersey.
* Heath false brome (B. pinnatum) has not been reported in New York, but may be of concern because it has been reported in western Massachusetts.
* ↑ iMapInvasives. Brachypodium sylvaticum New York map.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Brachypodieae — Brachypodium :
| Genus Brachypodium P.Beauv. | False brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) P.Beauv.ssp. sylvaticum1762. Festuca sylvatica Huds.1776. Bromus sylvaticus Moench1777. Triticum sylvaticum Pollich1812. Bra. sylvaticum P.Beauv.1827. Agropyron sylvaticum Chevall. | Slender false brome ⓘ Brachypode des bois, Brachypode des forêts | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 87%, Prohibited, NYS Tier 3, SNA, GNR | | NYFA: 2 counties iMap: 11 counties NYFA: X | USDA-X0 VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Brachypodium (excluded taxa) | False brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.    Brachypodium distachyon | Purple false brome Stiff brome | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Highly invasive, NYS Tier 1b | | No counties NYFA: 0 | USDA-XX BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) P.Beauv.1753. Bromus pinnatus L.1812. Bra. pinnatum P.Beauv. | Heath false brome, Chalk false brome, Japanese false bromegrass | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, No NY reports | | No counties NYFA: 0 | USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Brachypodieae Harz, Linnaea 43: 15. 1880 ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Brachypodium sylvaticum: Very highly invasive (87%). ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species ||||||

### Tribe Bromeae
#### Bromus

The genus Bromus is here divided by sections according to the treatment by Leon E. Pavlick and Laurel K. Anderton.

##### Bromus sect. Bromus

Catalogue of New World Grasses
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Bromeae — Bromus sect. Bromus :
| Genus Bromus sect. Bromus | Brome | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus arvensis L.    Forasaccus arvensis (L.) Bubani    Serrafalcus arvensis (L.) Godr.    B. erectusvar. arvensis (L.) Huds.    B. anatolicus Boiss. & Heldr. | Field brome | Introduced Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus briziformis Fisch. & C.A.Mey.    B. brizaeformis (i) | {Rattlesnake brome, Rattlesnake chess | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Impersistent Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus commutatus Schrad. 1806    B. racemosusssp. commutatus    B. commutatusvar. apricorum    B. hordaceusvar. commutatus | Hairy brome, Hairy chess, Meadow brome | Introduced, Weed Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus hordeaceus L.ssp. hordeaceus    Bromus mollis L. | Soft brome, Soft chess | Introduced Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus hordeaceus L.ssp. pseudothominei(P.M.Sm.) H.Scholz | Lesser soft brome | Introduced Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus hordeaceus L.ssp. thominei(Hardouin) Braun-Blanq.1833. Bromus thominei Hardouin1907. B. hordeaceusvar. thominei1923. B. hordeaceusssp. thominei | Sand soft bromeBrome des dunes, Brome des   Thomine-Desmazures | Introduced, No specimens | NYFA-D | NRCS-XX Go Botany VASCAN Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murray 1784    B. arvensisvar. japonicus    B. japonicusvar. porrectus    B. patulus Mert. & W.D.J.Koch | Japanese brome, Japanese chess, Japanese bromegrass, Thunberg's brome | Introduced, Weed | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus lanceolatus | Mediterranean brome | Introduced | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus lepidus | Slender soft brome | Introduced | NYFA-X | Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus racemosus L.    B. arvensisvar. racemosus    B. hordeaceusvar. racemosus    B. squarrosusvar. racemosus | Bald brome, Smooth brome, Spiked brome-grass | Introduced, Naturalized Annual, Graminoid | NYFA-Xn | NRCS-XX ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus scoparius | Broom brome | Introduced | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus secalinus | Rye brome | Introduced | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus squarrosusvar. squarrosus | Corn brome | Introduced | NYFA-X | NRCS-XX Images Wikispecies |

##### Bromus sect. Bromopsis

* Bromus ciliatusBromus sect. Bromopsis Dumort has also gone by the name Bromus sect. Pnigma Dumort.
* Bromus inermis (smooth brome) is listed as a Tier-4 invasive plant in the Finger Lakes PRISM, though it hasn't been assessed at the state level.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Bromeae — Bromus sect. Bromopsis :
| Genus Bromus sect. Bromopsis | Brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus ciliatus | Fringed brome | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus latiglumis (Shear) Hitchc.Bromus altissimus Pursh | Canada brome, Earlyleaf brome | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus pubescens | Hairy wood brome grass, Hairy woodland brome | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus kalmii | Arctic brome, Kalm's brome, Wild chess | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus nottowayanus | Satin brome, Virginia brome | Native, CoC: 7, Very vulnerable, S1-2, G4-5 FACU Perennial, Graminoid | | Erie (1927-28), Tompkins (1914-2004), Washington (1913-15) NYFA: 1-2 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus erectus | Meadow brome | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus inermis Leyss.    Bromus inermis Leyss.     Bromus inermis  ssp. aristatus  Schur     Bromus inermis  ssp. divaricatus  Rohlena     Bromus inermis  ssp. villosus  (Mert. & Koch) Beck     Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub | Smooth brome | Introduced from  Eurasia, Potentially invasive, FL Tier 4, CP-W, NE-M, ISSG-GISD, SNA, G5 UPL Perennial, Graminoid | | NYFA: X iNat | USDA-MM Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Bromus sect. Bromopsis (excluded taxa) | Brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus ramosus | Hairy brome | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York State Invasive Species Tiers. Bromus inermis: Finger Lakes Tier 4. 2021 New York Natural Heritage Program ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Plantations' accessioned collections (2009) ↑ Category 2 Plants - moderately invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service ↑ Bromus inermis is a highly competitive C3 grass that forms a dense sod, resulting in smothering and exclusion of other (native) species and decreasing natural biodiversity. ||||||

##### Bromus sect. Ceratochloa

* Bromus carinatusBromus sect. Ceratochloa is native to North and South America, and contains about 25 species, including: B. aleutensis, B. arizonicus, B. carinatus, B. maritimus, B. polyanthus, and B. sitchensis.
* ↑ Leon E. Pavlickf. "Bromus sect. Ceratochloa", Flora of North America, Volume 24 (Poaceae). Treatment on page 199.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Bromeae — Bromus sect. Ceratochloa :
| Genus Bromus sect. Ceratochloa | Brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn.var. carinatus1816. Bromus pendulinus Sessé ex Lag. 1840. Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 1874. Bromus hookerianus Thurb. 1896. Bromus laciniatus Beal | California brome | Introduced from  western North America, N. America native, Not naturalized | | Bronx (2017) NYFA: X | USDA-MM ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Bromus sect. Ceratochloa (excluded taxa) | Brome | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus carinatusvar. marginatus | Large mountain brome | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | excluded NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus catharticusvar. catharticus | Rescuegrass | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | excluded NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |

##### Bromus sect. Genea

* Bromus tectorumBromus sect. Genea Dumort. in New York State consists primarily of the moderately invasive Bromus tectorum (cheat grass, downy brome, or downy chess). Other species of this section also present in the state are Bromus diandrus (ripgut brome), B. rubens (red brome), and B. sterilis (poverty brome). All grasses in this section are native to Europe and northern Africa
* ↑ Leon E. Pavlickf. "Bromus sect. Genea", Flora of North America, Volume 24 (Poaceae). Treatment on page 224.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Bromeae — Bromus sect. Genea :
| Genus Bromus sect. Genea | Brome | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Bromus tectorum L.    Bromus tectorum L.     Bromus tectorum  var. glabratus  Spenn. | Cheatgrass ⓘ Downy brome ⓘ Downy chess ⓘ | Introduced from  Europe,  northern Africa, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 50%, ISSG-GISD, SNA, GNR Annual, Graminoid | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus sterilis | Barren brome ⓘ Poverty brome ⓘ | Introduced from  Europe,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: , Naturalized Annual, Graminoid | NYFA: 11 counties NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus diandrus | Ripgut brome | Introduced from  Europe,  northern Africa, Unknown naturalization, SNA Annual, Graminoid | Suffolk (1946) NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Bromus rubens | Foxtail brome ⓘ Foxtail chess ⓘ Red brome | Introduced from  Europe,  northern Africa, Not naturalized, Impersistent, SNA UPL Annual, Graminoid | Tompkins (1932) NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Bromus tectorum: Moderately invasive (50). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ↑ The invasive grass Bromus tectorum is troublesome to farmers and many ecosystems. It usually thrives in disturbed areas preventing natives from returning to the area. Disturbance such as overgrazing, cultivation, and frequent fires encourage invasion. Once established the natives cannot compete and the whole ecosystem is altered. Global Invasive Species Database (2021) Species profile: Bromus tectorum. Downloaded from http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Bromus+tectorum on 19-06-2021. ||||||

### Tribe Triticeae
#### Subtribe Hordeinae

* Subribe Hordeinae Dumort. (1829) contains Agropyron, Anthosachne, Australopyrum, Connorochloa, Crithopsis, Douglasdewya, Elymus, Eremopyrum, Festucopsis, Henrardia, Heteranthelium, Hordelymus, Hordeum, Kengyilia, Leymus, Pascopyrum, Peridictyon, Psathyrostachys, Pseudoroegneria, Secale, Stenostachys, and Taeniatherum. Genera in bold text have been found in New York.
* ↑ R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150

##### Agropyron

* Agropyron cristatumAgropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) is common and considered invasive in the west but is uncommon in New York State. The New York Flora Atlas shows that it was collected from five counties during the 1940s and '50s. It also infers that North American Agropyron cristatum has likely introgressed with Agropyron desertorum (desert wheatgrass) to a degree that makes them indistinguishable.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Agropyron :
| Genus Agropyron | Wheat grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.1770. Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. 1824. Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. auct. 1956. Agropyron cristatiforme P.K.Sarkar 1970. Agropyron cristatum  ssp. pectinatum  (M.Bieb.) Tzvelev | Crested wheatgrass | Introduced | | NYFA: X NYFA: 5 counties No observations | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |

##### Elymus
###### Elymus virginicus/hystrix complex

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Elymus :
| Genus Elymus L. | Wild rye | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Elymus virginicus L.var. virginicus1753. Elymus virginicus L.1797. E. striatus Willd.1898. E. hirsutiglumis Scribn.1908. E. virginicusvar. hirsutiglumis1909. E. jejunus (Ramaley) Rydb.1926. E. virginicusvar. jejunus1933. E. virginicusvar. typicus (i) | Virginia wildrye, Virginia wild rye, Common eastern wildrye, Terrell grassÉlyme de Virginie | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus virginicus L.var. halophilus(E.P. Bicknell) Wiegand1908. E. halophilus E.P.Bicknell1918. E. virginicusvar. halophilus1932. Terrellia halophila(E.P. Bicknell) Nevski1933. E. virginicusfo. lasiolepis | Saltmarsh wildrye, Terrell grassÉlyme halophile | Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 3? | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus virginicus L.var. intermedius(Vasey ex S.Watson & J.M.Coult.) Bush1890. E. canadensisvar. intermedius1926. E. virginicusvar. intermedius | Hairy Virginia wild-rye, Intermediate wildryeÉlyme intermédiaire | Native, CoC: 6, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: U | Go Botany VASCAN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus virginicus L.var. jejunus (Ramaley) Bush1909. Elymus jejunus (Ramaley) Rydb.1926. E. virginicusvar. jejunus Bush | Exserted Virginia wild-rye, Western wildryeÉlyme maigre | Native, CoC: 6, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: U | Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus hystrix L.var. hystrix1753. Elymus hystrix L.1794. Hystrix patula Moench1819. Asperella echidnea Raf. (i)1892. Hystrix hystrix (L.) Millsp. (i) | Eastern bottle-brush grassÉlyme | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Graminoid, Part shade | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus hystrix L.var. bigelovianus(Fernald) Bowden1922. Asperella hystrixvar. bigeloviana1929. Hystrix patulavar. bigeloviana1964. E. hystrixvar. bigeloviana1972. E. hystrixvar. bigelovianus (i) | Bigelow’s bottlebrush grass ⓘ Eastern bottlebrush grass ⓘ Élyme étalé, Hystrix étalé, Gymnostique hérisson | Native, CoC: 5, Likely secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany NWG Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus × ebingeri G.C.Tucker  Elymus hystrix ×   Elymus virginicus var. virginicus | Ebinger's wild-ryeÉlyme | Native, Likely secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 4? | USDA-NN VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H.Dewey) Scribn. & C.R.Ball1894. E. canadensisvar. glabriflorus1896. E. virginicusvar. glaucus1901. E. glabriflorus (Vasey exL.H.Dewey) Scribn. & C.R.Ball1918. E. australisvar. glabriflorus1926. E. virginicusvar. glabriflorus | Hairy southeastern wildrye, Southeastern wildryeÉlyme | Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: N | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus macgregorii R.Brooks & J.J.N.Campb.2000. Elymus macgregoriiR.Brooks & J.J.N.Campb. auct. E. striatus (i) auct. E. virginicus (i) auct. E. glabriflorus (i) | Early wildrye, MacGregor's wild rye, WheatgrassÉlyme de MacGregor | Native, CoC: 6, Endangered, Note Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 1? | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ University of Michigan Herbarium: Elymus macgregorii is a "recently described species formerly included with E. virginicus". ||||||

###### Elymus canadensis complex

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Elymus :
| Genus Elymus L. | Wild rye | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Elymus canadensis L.var. canadensis1753. Elymus canadensis L. p.p.1759. E. philadelphicus L. p.p.1809. E. glaucifolius Willd.1824. E. canadensisvar. glaucifolius | Canada wildrye, Great Plains wildrye, Nodding wildryeÈlyme du Canada | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus riparius Wiegand1895. E. salina M.E. Jones1918. E. riparius Wiegand1967. E. canadensisvar. riparius | River wild-rye, Riverbank wildrye, Eastern riverbank wildryeÉlyme des rivages | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gouldssp. glaucus (Pease & A.H.Moore) Cody1910. Agropyron caninumfo. glaucum1932. A. trachycaulumvar. glaucum1994. Elymus trachycaulusssp. glaucus | Slender wheatgrassÉlyme | Native, CoC: 8, Secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinnersssp. trachycaulus1900. Agropyron novae-angliae Scribn.1947. E. pauciflorus (Schwein.) Gould non Lam. 17911954. E. trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners p.p.1977. E. novae-angliae (Scribn.) Tzvelev | Slender wheatgrassÉlyme | Native, CoC: 8, Likely secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd.var. villosus1809. Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd.1854. Elymus propinquus Fresen. ex Steud.1954. Elymus canadensisvar. villosus (i) | Downy wild-rye, Hairy wildryeÉlyme | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd.var. arkansanus (Scribn. & C.R.Ball) J.J.N.Campb.1901. Elymus arkansanus Scribn. & C.R. Ball1906. E. striatusvar. arkansanus1995. E. villosusvar. arkansanus | Arkansas wild-rye, Hairy wildryeÉlyme | Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: U | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus wiegandii Fernald1933. Elymus wiegandii Fernald1980. E. canadensisssp. wiegandii1964. E. canadensisvar. wiegandii | Wiegand's wild rye, Wiegand's wildrye, Northern riverbank wild ryeÉlyme de Wiegand | Native, CoC: 6, Likely secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus repens (L.) Gould    Agropyron repens    Elytrigia repens | Quack grass, Couch grass, Quick grass, QuitchÉlyme | Introduced, Widespread weed, NISIC Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

###### Elymus excluded taxa

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Elymus :
| Genus Elymus L. (excluded taxa) | Wild rye | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Elymus riparius × villosus  Elymus riparius ×   Elymus villosus | Hybrid of  river wild-rye &  hairy wild-rye | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus canadensis L.var. robustus (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Mack. & Bush1897. Elymus robustus Scribn. & J.G.Sm.1902. E. canadensisvar. robustus1926. E. glaucifoliusvar. robustus1927. E. philadelphicusvar. robustus | | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus violaceus (Hornem.) Feilberg1832. Triticum violaceum Hornem.1880. Agropyron violaceum (Hornem.) Lange1984. E. violaceus (Hornem.) Feilberg | | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus caninus (L.) L.1753. Triticum caninum L.1755. E. caninus (L.) L.1934. Roegneria canina (L.) Nevski | Bearded couch, Bearded wheatgrass, Fibrous wheatgrass | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus glaucus Buckleyssp. glaucus1862. E. glaucus Buckley1881. E. glaucusvar. glaucus1901. E. glaucusvar. jepsonii1947. E. glaucusssp. jepsonii1902. E. parishii Burtt Davy & Merr. | Blue wild-rye, Common western wild-rye, Smooth wild-ryeÉlyme glauque | N. America native, N.Y. excluded, Note Perennial, Graminoid | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Elymus curvatus Piper1840. E. virginicusvar. submuticus1903. E. curvatus Piper | Awnless wild-rye | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Flora Atlas: Elymus glaucus ssp. glaucus was collected as an introduced waif from Highland Park, Rochester in 1912. An assumed native population was discovered in the Shawangunks in Sullivan County in 2006. ||||||

##### Eremopyrum

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Eremopyrum :
| Genus Eremopyrum | False wheatgrass | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Eremopyrum bonaepartis (Spreng.) Nevski1827. Agropyron squarrosum Link 1851. Eremopyrum squarrosum(Roth) Jaub. & Spach 1894. A. bonaepartis(Spreng.) T. Durand & Schinz 1933. E. bonaepartis (Spreng.) Nevski | Taper-tipped wheatgrass ⓘ Tapertip false wheatgrass ⓘ | Introduced from  Asia,  northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Eremopyrum orientale (L.) Jaub. & Spach | Oriental false wheatgrass | Introduced | NYFA: Xm NYFA: Westchester (1894-95) xx counties | Images Wikispecies |
| Eremopyrum triticeum (Gaertn.) Nevski | Annual wheatgrass | Introduced | NYFA: NYFA: Westchester (1895) xx counties | Images Wikispecies |

##### Hordeum

* Hordeum jubatumBarley (genus Hordeum) includes species both native and introduced to North America, but none are considered to be native to New York State.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Hordeum :
| Genus Hordeum | Barley | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Hordeum jubatum L. ssp. jubatum1753. Hordeum jubatum L. in Sp. Pl.:85 1816. Hordeum adscendens Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth 1819. Critesion geniculatum Raf. in J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 89:103 1827. Elymus jubatus (L.) Link in Hort. Berol. 1:19 1899. Hordeum caespitosum Scribn. in Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci. 7:245 1934. Critesion jubatum (L.) Nevski in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 2:721 1940. Hordeum pampeanum (Hauman) Herter in Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6:147 1984. Critesion adscendens (Kunth) Á.Löve in Feddes Repert. 95:440 | Foxtail barley Squirreltail barley | Introduced from  western N. America,  Asia, N. America native, Naturalized, SNA, G5 FAC Perennial, Graminoid, Heliophily: 9, 2n = 28 | | NYFA: 35 counties iNat: 22 counties GBIF: present in NY | USDA-NN POWO FSUS Go Botany FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Hordeum pusillum Nutt. | Little barley | Introduced, N. America native, Impersistent | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Hordeum vulgare | Cultivated barley ⓘ Common barley | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  GRIIS-US: invasive (D2), Not naturalized, SNA, GNR Annual, Graminoid | | NYFA: X NYFA: 18 counties GBIF New York county | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Hordeum murinum L. ssp. leporinum (Link) Arcang.1834. Hordeum leporinum Link. 1882. Hordeum leporinum  ssp. leporinum  (Link) Arcang. 1890. Hordeum leporinum  var. leporinum  (Link) K.Richt. 1980. Critesion murinum  ssp. leporinum  (Link) Á.Löve | Hare barley, Leporinum barley | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: , Naturalized | | NYFA: X NYFA: 4 counties 5 counties | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Hordeum marinum Huds.ssp. gussoneanum (Parl.) Thell.    Hordeum hystrix Roth | Mediterranean barley ⓘ | Introduced, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Hordeum (excluded taxa) | Barley | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Hordeum brachyantherumssp. brachyantherum | Meadow barley | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Leymus

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Leymus :
| Genus Leymus Hochst. | Wild rye | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. | Wild rye | Introduced, Naturalized | | NYFA: Xn | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Leymus Hochst. (excluded taxa) | Wild rye | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Leymus mollis | American dune grass | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

##### Pascopyrum

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Pascopyrum :
| Genus Pascopyrum | Wheat grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pascopyrum smithii Barkworth & D.R.Dewey (1985) | Western wheatgrass | Introduced, N. America native, Imperisistent | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |

##### Secale

* Secale cerealeRye (Secale cereale) is commonly planted as a grain, forage, or cover crop, but is not listed as naturalizing in New York State. Feral rye is known to contaminate wheat crops and become established in open rangeland, waste places, and roadsides if it escapes cultivation elsewhere in North America.
* ↑ Weldy, Troy, David Werier, and Andrew Nelson (2021). Secale cereale, New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
* ↑ Drew Lyon, Marjolein Schat, Bilal Bush, (2016). Feral rye (Secale cereale) High Plains Integrated Pest Management Guide for Colorado, Western Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana and Western South Dakota. University of Nebraska Lincoln, Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health at the University of Georgia.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Secale :
| Genus Secale | Rye | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Secale cereale L.1753. Secale cereale L. 1753. Secale cereale  var. hybernum  L. 1753. Secale cereale  var. vernum  L. 1796. Triticum cereale (L.) Salisb. 1933. Triticum secale Link 1933. Secale turkestanicum Bensin | Rye ⓘ Cereal rye Cultivated rye Cultivated annual rye Common rye Seigle cultivé | Introduced from  southwest Asia, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  GRIIS-US: Invasive, Not naturalized, SNA Annual, Graminoid | | NYFA: X NYFA: 28 counties iNat GBIF 2 counties | USDA-XW Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

##### Taeniatherum

* Taeniatherum caput-medusaeMedusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) is a winter annual grass, native to Eurasia, that has infested western grasslands. It is not known to naturalize in New York State but was collected in Westchester County in 1898, from "about the Yonkers Wool Mill."
* ↑ Colorado Departement of Agriculture (2015). "Medusahead Identification and Management." Noxious Weed Publications
* ↑ Ramirez J, Watson K, Thiers B, McMillin L (2021). The New York Botanical Garden Herbarium (NY). Version 1.41. The New York Botanical Garden. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/6e8nje accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-11-25.
Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Hordeinae — Taeniatherum :
| Genus Taeniatherum | Taeniatherum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevskissp. caput-medusae1753. Elymus caput-medusae L. auct.. Taeniatherum asperum non Nevski 1988. Taeniatherum crinitum  var. caput-medusae  (L.) Wipff 1933. Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski | Medusahead, Rye-weed, Medusahead rye | Introduced from  Eurasia, Potentially invasive,  GRIIS-US: Invasive, Not naturalized, SNA Winter annual, Graminoid | | NYFA: Xm NYFA: Westchester (1898) GBIF no NY observations | USDA-X0 Go Botany VASCAN Images Wikispecies |

#### Subtribe Triticinae
##### Aegilops

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Triticinae — Aegilops :
| Genus Aegilops | Goat grass | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Aegilops cylindrica Host    A. cylindricavar. rubiginosa auct. A. tauschii non Coss.    Cylindropyrum cylindricum    Triticum cylindricum | Jointed goatgrass, Jointgrass | Introduced, Naturalized | NYFA: X NYFA: 5 counties iNat no observations | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |
| Aegilops crassa Boiss. | Persian goatgrass | Introduced, Not naturalized, Waif around wool mill | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |
| Aegilops geniculata | Ovate goatgrass | Introduced, Impersistent | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |
| Aegilops tauschii Coss.    1850. Aegilops tauschii Coss. | Tausch's goatgrass, Rough-spiked hardgrass | Introduced, Impersistent | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |
| Aegilops triuncialis | Barbed goatgrass | Introduced, Impersistent | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

##### Triticum

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Triticinae — Triticum :
| Genus Triticum | Wheat | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Triticum aestivum | Cultivated wheat | Introduced | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-Xw Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Triticum (excluded taxa) | Wheat | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Triticum turgidum L. (1753)T. dicoccum Schrank | Pouland wheat, Rivet wheat | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | | Images Wikispecies |

##### Thinopyrum

Poales — Poaceae — Pooideae — Triticeae — Triticinae — Thinopyrum :
| Genus Thinopyrum | Wheat grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey (1985)ssp. barbulatum | Intermediate wheatgrass | Introduced, Impersistent | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |