# Flora of New York/Lamiales 3

| ← Lamiales 2 | Flora of New York — Lamiales 3 | Flora of New York — Lamiales 3 | Flora of New York — Lamiales 3 | Flora of New York — Lamiales 3 | → Aquifoliaceae, Campanulaceae, Menyanthaceae |
| ← Lamiales 2 | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Aquifoliaceae, Campanulaceae, Menyanthaceae |

## Family Mazaceae

The Mazaceae (mazus family) consists of the single genus Mazus.

### Mazus

* Mazus pumilus Japanese mazusThe 30 or so Mazus species are native to Asia and Australasia. Only two of these have been reported outside of cultivation in New York.
Lamiales — Mazaceae — Mazus :
| Genus Mazus Lour. | Mazus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | 2 NPT |
| Mazus miquelii Makino1865. Vandellia japonica Miq.1902. Mazus miquelii Makino1914. Mazus reptans N.E.Br. | Miquel's mazus, Creeping mazus | Introduced from  Asia | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Mazus pumilus (Burm.f.) Steenis1768. Lobelia pumila Burm.f.1784. Lindernia japonica Thunb.1891. M. japonicus (Thunb.) Kuntze1958. M. pumilus (Burm.f.) Steenis | Japanese mazus | Introduced from  Asia | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

## Family Phrymaceae

The Phrymaceae (lopseed family)...

#### Tribe Mimuleae
##### Mimulus

* Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkey-flowerMimulus contains two native New York species: the common Allegheny monkey-flower and uncommon winged monkey-flower.
Lamiales — Phrymaceae — Mimuleae — Mimulus :
| Genus Mimulus | Monkey flower | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Mimulus ringens L.1753. Mimulus ringens L. | Allegheny monkey-flower ⓘ Allegheny monkeyflower Square-stemmed monkey-flower ⓘ Squarestem monkeyflower Blue monkeyflower ⓘ | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Mimulus alatus Aiton1789. Mimulus alatus Aiton | Winged monkey flower ⓘ Winged monkey-flower ⓘ Sharpwing monkeyflower ⓘ Sharp-winged monkey-flower ⓘ | Native, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

##### Erythranthe

Lamiales — Phrymaceae — Mimuleae — Erythranthe :
| Genus Erythranthe Spach (1840) | Monkey flower | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Erythranthe moschata (Douglas ex Lindl.) G.L. Nesom1828. Mimulus moschatus Douglas ex Lindl. 2012. Erythranthe moschata (Douglas ex Lindl.) G.L. Nesom | Musk-flower Muskflower Musk-plant Musky monkey-flower | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Erythranthe guttata (Fisch. ex DC.) G.L. Nesom1813. Mimulus guttatus DC. 1895. Mimulus langsdorffii Donn ex Greene 2012. Erythranthe guttata (Fisch. ex DC.) G.L. Nesom | Yellow monkey flower Seep monkey-flower Seep monkeyflower | Introduced, Western native | | NYFA: | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Glossostigma

Lamiales — Phrymaceae — Mimuleae — Glossostigma :
| Genus Glossostigma | Mudmat | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Glossostigma cleistanthum W.R.Barker1891. G. diandrum auct. non. Kuntze1992. G. cleistanthum W.R.Barker | Mudmats, Mud-mat, Mud mat | Introduced from  Australia, Potentially invasive,  NYIS: 35% | | NYFA: 0 | USDA-X0 Go Botany ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Glossostigma cleistanthum: Potential (35). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ||||||

#### Tribe Phrymeae
##### Phryma

* Phryma leptostachya L. American lopseedThe genus Phryma contains one or two species of lopseed, depending on whether the Asian and North American populations are considered to be distinct. If categorized as separate taxa, the Asian plants are Phryma oblongifolia Koidz. or Phryma leptostachya var. oblongifolia (Koidz.) Honda, while the North American plants are Phryma leptostachya or Phryma leptostachya var. leptostachya.
* As of 2024, POWO lists three species of Phyrma: Phryma leptostachya in North America, Phryma nana in eastern Asia, and Phryma oblongifolia in Japan only.
* ↑ POWO (2024). "Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew."
Lamiales — Phrymaceae — Phrymeae :
| Genus Phryma | Lopseed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Phryma leptostachya L.1753. Phryma leptostachya L. 1935. P. leptostachya  var. confertifolia  Fernald | Lopseed, American lopseed | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |

## Family Paulowniaceae

* The Paulowniaceae (princesstree or foxglove tree family) is represented by a single species growing outside of cultivation in New York.

### Paulownia

* Paulownia tomentosaPrincesstree (Paulownia tomentosa) is ranked as moderately invasive in New York State and placed in Tier 2 in the Finger Lakes and Catskills, Tier 3 in the Lower Hudson Valley, and Tier 5 on Long Island.
Lamiales — Paulowniaceae — Paulownia :
| Genus Paulownia | Paulownia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.1784. Bignonia tomentosa Thunb.1835. Paulownia imperialis Siebold & Zucc.1841. Paulownia tomentosa Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud. | Princesstree, Royal paulownia, Empress tree, Foxglove tree | Introduced from  Asia, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 51% UPL-FACU Perennial, Tree | | NYFA: X NYFA: , 12 counties ? counties | USDA-X Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Paulownia tomentosa: Moderate (51). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ||||||

## Family Orobanchaceae

* The subfamilial classification used here for the Orobanchaceae (broomrape family) is based in part on McNeal, et. al. (2013) "Pylogeny and Origins of Holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae" American Journal of Botany 100(5): 971–983. 2013.

### Tribe Pedicularideae
#### Castilleja

* Castilleja coccinea
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Castillejeae — Castilleja :
| Genus Castilleja | Indian paintbrush | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.1753. Bartsia coccinea L. 1825. Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. 1935. Castilleja ludoviciana Pennell | Indian paintbrush ⓘ Scarlet paintbrush ⓘ Scarlet Indian paintbrush ⓘ | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-N ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Orthocarpus

Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Castillejeae — Castilleja :
| Genus Orthocarpus | Owl's-clover | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Orthocarpus bracteosus Benth. | Rosy owl's-clover | Introduced, Impersistent | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

#### Aureolaria

Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Gerardieae — Aureolaria :
| Genus Aureolaria | False-foxglove | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell | Downy false-foxglove, Downy yellow false foxglove | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Aureolaria flavavar. flava | Smooth yellow false foxglove | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Aureolaria pedicularia | Fern-leaved yellow false foxglove | Native, Likely secure | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Aureolaria flavavar. macrantha | Smooth yellow false foxglove | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Agalinis

* Agalinis decemloba
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Gerardieae — Agalinis :
| Genus Agalinis | False-foxglove | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Agalinis tenuifolia | Slender false-foxglove | Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACW-FAC Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Agalinis setacea | Thread-leaved gerardia | Native, CoC: 10, Likely secure | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 Images Wikispecies |
| Agalinis purpurea | Purple false foxglove | Native, Vulnerable | | NYFA: 3-4 | Images Wikispecies |
| Agalinis paupercula (A. Gray) Britton    Agalinis paupercula (A. Gray) Britton     Agalinis paupercula  var. borealis  Pennell     Gerardia paupercula (A. Gray) Britton     Gerardia paupercula  var. borealis  (Pennell) Deam     Gerardia purpurea  var. parviflora  Benth. | Small-flowered agalinis ⓘ Small-flowered false foxglove | Native, CoC: 7, Vulnerable, S3, G5-T5 OBL-FACW Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 3? | Images Wikispecies |
| Agalinis maritimavar. maritima | Seaside agalinis Salt-marsh false-foxglove | Native, CoC: 9, Threatened, S2-3 FACW Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 2-3 | Images Wikispecies |
| Agalinis decemloba (Greene) Pennell1899. Gerardia decemloba Greene 1913. Agalinis decemloba (Greene) Pennell 1915. Agalinis acuta Pennell 1935. Gerardia acuta (Pennell) Pennell | Sandplain gerardia Sandplain agalinis Sandplain false foxglove Blue Ridge false foxglove | Native, CoC: 8, Endangered, Endangered (US Fed.), S1, G3, NYNHP: 1 | | Nassau (1896-1991), Suffolk (1868-1990) NYFA: 1 | USDA-N Tropicos NatureServe Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Agalinis (excluded taxa) | False-foxglove | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Agalinis fasciculata | Fascicled false-foxglove | Native, N.Y. excluded | | excluded NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Stephen M. Young (2020). New York Rare Plant Status Lists. New York Natural Heritage Program. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2021. Online Conservation Guide for Agalinis decemloba. Accessed September 1, 2021. ||||||

#### Pedicularis

* Pedicularis canadensis wood betony, eastern lousewortThere are two hemiparasitic Pedicularis (lousewort) species found in New York.
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Pedicularideae :
| Genus Pedicularis | Lousewort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pedicularis canadensis L. | Wood betony ⓘ Eastern lousewort ⓘ Canadian lousewort ⓘ Forest lousewort ⓘ Betony ⓘ | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Pedicularis lanceolata Michx. | Swamp lousewort | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Buchnereae
#### Buchnera

Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Buchnereae :
| Genus Buchnera | Bluehearts | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Buchnera americana | American bluehearts, Bupleurum | Native, Endangered, No recent reports | | NYFA: Z | USDA-N Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Rhinantheae
#### Melampyrum

Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Rhinantheae :
| Genus Melampyrum | Cow-wheat | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | 3 NPT |
| Melampyrum lineare Desr. | Cow-wheat | Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACU Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: U | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Rhinanthus

Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Rhinantheae :
| Genus Rhinanthus | Yellow rattle | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhinanthus alectorolophus (Scop.) Pollich (1777) | European yellow rattle | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |
| Rhinanthus minor | Little yellow rattle | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | Images Wikispecies |

#### Euphrasia

* Euphrasia strictaEyebright (Euphrasia species)
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Rhinantheae — Euphrasia :
| Genus Euphrasia | Eyebright | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Euphrasia stricta J.P.Wolff ex J.F.Lehm.1753. Euphrasia officinalis L. misapplied 1809. Euphrasia stricta J.P.Wolff ex J.F.Lehm. 1852. Euphrasia condensata Jord. 1930. Euphrasia × brevipila  var. reayensis  Pugsley 2009. Euphrasia reayensis (Pugsley) P.D.Sell | Upright eyebright ⓘ Drug eyebright ⓘ Strict eyebright ⓘ | Introduced from  Europe, northern Asia, Naturalized,  USGS: L48 established | | NYFA: X NYFA: 8 counties iNat GBIF 8 counties | USDA-XX COL POWO Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Euphrasia nemorosa (Pers.) Wallr.1806. Euphrasia officinalis  ssp. nemorosa  Pers. 1815. Euphrasia nemorosa (Pers.) Wallr. | Common eyebright ⓘ | Introduced from  Europe | | NYFA: not listed iNat Essex (2021) | Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Odontites

* Odontites vernusRed bartsia
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Rhinanthoideae — Rhinantheae — Odontites :
| Genus Odontites | Odontites | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Odontites vernus (Bellardi) Dumort.ssp. serotinus | Red bartsia | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Orobancheae
#### Epifagus

* Epifagus virginiana beechdropsBeechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) parasitize the roots of Fagus grandifolia (the American beech tree). Beechdrops do not appear to do significant harm to beech trees nor to a have a direct relation to the occurrence of beech bark disease.
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Orobancheae — Epifagus :
| Genus Epifagus Nutt. | Beech drops | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Epifagus virginiana (L.) W.P.C. Barton | Beechdrops, Beech drops, Beech-drops | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Conopholis

* Conopholis americana oakdrops, American cancer-rootOakdrops or American cancer-root (Conopholis americana) is an achlorophyllous plant that parasitizes the roots of various oak (Quercus) species.
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Orobancheae — Conopholis :
| Genus Conopholis | Cancer root | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.1767. Orobanche americana L. 1825. Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. | Oak-drops ⓘ American cancer-root ⓘ American squaw-root ⓘ Squawroot ⓘ Squaw root ⓘ | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Orobanche

* Orobanche uniflora one-flowered broomrapeBroomrape (Orobanche) species are small holoparasitic plants. Both species found in New York are generalists that can feed off the root systems of a number of different plants.
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Orobancheae — Orobanche :
| Genus Orobanche | Broom rape | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Orobanche uniflora | One-flowered broomrape | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Orobanche minor | Small broomrape, Clover broomrape, Hellroot | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Tribe Cymbarieae
#### Schwalbea

* Schwalbea americana (chaffseed), Barnstable, MASchwalbea americana (chaffseed) has been listed as federally endangered since 1992. Chaffseed is listed as extirpated in New York.
* ↑ American chaffseed, Schwalbea americana, Species Profile. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
* ↑ Stephen M. Young. New York Rare Plant Status Lists 2017
Lamiales — Orobanchaceae — Orobanchoideae — Cymbarieae :
| Genus Schwalbea | Chaff seed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Schwalbea americana L.1753. Schwalbea americana L. | Chaffseed ⓘ Chaff-seed American chaffseed ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, Likely extirpated FACU Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: Z | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos FWS Images Wikispecies |

## Family Verbenaceae

The Verbenaceae (vervain family) ...

#### Tribe Verbeneae
##### Verbena

* The Verbena (Vervain) classification used here is from Nesom (2010), which divides Verbena s.s. into three sections: sect. Verbena, sect. Amphepeiros, and sect. Verbenaca. Seven of the eight listed New York Verbena species (plus their hybrids) are in sect. Verbena
* ↑ Guy L. Nesom (2010). "Infrageneric classification of Verbena (Verbenaceae)." Phytoneuron 2010-11: 1–15.

###### Verbena sect. Verbena

* Verbena hastata blue vervain
Lamiales — Verbenaceae — Verbeneae — Verbena sect. Verbena :
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Candelabrae | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena hastata L.1753. Verbena hastata L.1818. Verbena hastatavar. hastata1963. Verbena hastatavar. scabra | Blue vervain, Swamp verbena, Simpler's-joy, American blue vervain, Wild hyssopVerveine hastée, Verveine scabre | Native, CoC: 3, Secure, S5 FACW Biennial, perennial, Herb-forb, Heliophily: 8 Sun, part shade | | NYFA: 55 counties | USDA-NN FSUS Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Verbena stricta Vent.1800. Verbena stricta Vent. | Hoary verbena, Hoary vervain | Introduced from  central North America, N. America native Biennial, perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Verbena × blanchardii Moldenke  Verbena hastata ×   Verbena stricta1937. Verbena × blanchardii Moldenke | Blanchard’s vervain ⓘ | Introduced, N. America native, Not naturalized, Tompkins only | | NYFA: Xm NYFA: Tompkins (1932) No obervations | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Leptostachyae | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena urticifolia L.1753. Verbena urticaefolia L.1924. V. urticifoliavar. urticifolia1936. V. leiocarpavar. urticifolia | White vervain, Nettle-leaf vervain, BurvineVerveine blanche | Native, CoC: 2, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Verbena × engelmannii Moldenke  Verbena hastata ×   Verbena urticifolia    Verbena × engelmannii Moldenke     Verbena hastata  var. oblongifolia  Nutt. | Engelmann’s vervain ⓘ | Native, Unranked, SNA, GNA FAC Perennial, Herb-forb | | Bronx, Delaware, Dutchess, Monroe, Nassau, Tompkins (1915), Ulster NYFA: 1? | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Simplices | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena simplex Lehm.1803. Verbena angustifolia Michx. non Miller 17681825. Verbena simplex Lehm. | Narrowleaf vervain, Narrow-leaf vervain, Narrow-leaved vervain | Native, CoC: 9, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Bracteatae | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena bracteata | Prostrate vervain, Bigbract verbena | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Verbena × perriana Moldenke  Verbena bracteata ×   Verbena urticifolia | Hybrid vervain | Introduced, N. America native, Naturalized, SNA, GNA Perennial, Herb-forb | | Rockland (1994) NYFA: U | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Plicatae | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena lasiostachys | Western vervain | Introduced from  west coast, N. America native, Not naturalized, SNA, G5 FAC Perennial, Herb-forb | | Kings NYFA: X | Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbena ser. Verbena | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena officinalis | European vervain | Introduced from  Europe, Not naturalized, SNA, GNR FACU Annual, Herb-forb | | Bronx, Kings, Queens, Schenectady, Suffolk NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

###### Verbena sect. Verbenaca

* Verbena bonariensisPurple-topped vervain (Verbena bonariensis) has been introduced from South America as a horticultural plant. It is listed as naturalized in the New York Flora Atlas, with vouchered specimens from Bronx and Suffolk Counties. The 2009 invasiveness ranking assessment determined that this species wouldn't be hardy enough to truly naturalize and become invasive in New York State. It is however listed as invasive in California, Georgia, and Oregon.
* ↑ Jordan, M.J., G. Moore and T.W. Weldy. 2008. Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY; The Nature Conservancy, Albany, NY.
* ↑ Jil Swearingen, C. Bargeron (2018) Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health.
Lamiales — Verbenaceae — Verbeneae — Verbena sect. Verbenaca :
| Genus Verbena sect. Verbenaca ser. Pachystachyae | Vervain | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Verbena bonariensis L.1753. Verbena bonariensis L. 1904. Verbena bonariensis  var. conglomerata  Briq. | Purpletop vervain, Purple-topped vervain, Argentine vervain, South American vervain | Introduced from  South America, Potentially invasive,  NYIS: NA FACU-FAC Biennial, Herb-subshrub | | Bronx, Suffolk NYFA: X | USDA-X Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Verbena bonariensis: NA (none). ||||||

#### Tribe Lantaneae
##### Phyla

Lamiales — Verbenaceae — Lantaneae — Phyla :
| Genus Phyla | Fogfruit | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene    Phyla lanceolata    Lippia lanceolata | Northern bog-fruit, Lanceleaf fogfruit, Frogfruit | Introduced, N. America native FACW-OBL Perennial, Herb-forb, vine | | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

## Family Pedaliaceae
### Subfamily Pedalioideae
#### Tribe Sesameae

Lamiales — Pedaliaceae — Pedalioideae — Sesameae :
| Genus Sesamum | Sesame | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Sesamum indicum L. (1753) | Sesame, Sésame | Introduced, Impersistent | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

## Family Martyniaceae

Lamiales — Martyniaceae :
| Genus Proboscidea | Unicorn plant | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Proboscidea louisianicassp. louisianica | Devil's-claw, Ram's horn | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-NX Images Wikispecies |

## Family Linderniaceae

The Linderniaceae ...

#### Lindernia

Lamiales — Linderniaceae — Lindernieae — Lindernia :
| Genus Lindernia | False pimpernel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennellvar. dubia    Ilysanthes attenuata    Ilysanthes dubia auct. L. procumbens non Borb. | Short-stalked false pimpernel, Yellowseed false pimpernel, Yellow-seeded false pimpernel | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Biennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennellvar. anagallidea(Michx.) Cooperr.    Ilysanthes anagallidea    Ilysanthes inequalis    Lindernia anagallidea | Long-stalked false pimpernel, Yellowseed false pimpernel, Yellow-seeded false pimpernel | Native, CoC: 10, Secure Biennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Lindernia (excluded taxa) | False pimpernel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox1753. Lindernia pyxidaria L.1790. Anagalloides procumbens Krock.1965. L. procumbens (Krock.) Philcox | Prostrate false pimpernel | Introduced from  Eurasia, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-X0 BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Micranthemum

Lamiales — Linderniaceae — Lindernieae — Micranthemum :
| Genus Micranthemum | Mud flower | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | n NPT |
| Micranthemum micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst.1817. Hemianthus micranthemoides Nutt.1867. Micranthemum nuttallii A. Gray1891. Globifera micranthemoides(Nutt.) Kuntze1891. M. micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst. | Nuttall's micranthemum, Nuttall's mudflower, Nuttall's mudwort | Native, CoC: 10, Likely extirpated, Impersistent OBL Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: Z | USDA-N0 ITIS Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies |

## Family Bignoniaceae

The Bignoniaceae (bignonia family)...

#### Tribe Tecomeae
##### Campsis

* Campsis radicans trumpet-creeperTrumpet-creeper is probably native to Pennsylvania and New Jersey and southward to the Gulf of Mexico. It may be considered somewhat invasive outside its native range.
Lamiales — Bignoniaceae — Tecomeae — Campsis :
| Genus Campsis | Campsis | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau1753. Bignonia radicans L.    Tecoma radicans (L.) Juss.1867. Campsis radicans | Trumpet-creeper Trumpet vine Common Trumpet Creeper Cow Vine Foxglove Vine Hellvine Devil's Shoestring | Introduced from  southern US, Potentially invasive, N. America native FAC Perennial, Vine | | NYFA: 16 counties NYFA: X | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Catalpeae
##### Catalpa

* Catalpa bignonioides southern catalpaSouthern catalpa (C. bignonioides) and northern caltapa (C. speciosa) are U.S. natives, but not as far north and east as New York State, where they are cultivated and somewhat adventive in suitable locations.
Lamiales — Bignoniaceae — Catalpeae — Catalpa :
| Genus Catalpa | Catalpa | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Catalpa bignonioides Walter1788. Catalpa bignonioides Walter 1807. Bignonia trilobaT.Freeman & Custis 1882. C. catalpa (L.) H.Karst. (i) | Southern catalpa, Cigar tree, Indian-bean-tree, Catawba | Introduced from  MS, AL, GA, FL, US South native | NYFA: X NYFA: 12 counties 7 counties | USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Warder ex Engelm.     1875. Catalpa speciosa(Warder) Warder ex Engelm. | Northern catalpa | Introduced from  IL, IN, MO, KY, AR, TN, Midwest native | NYFA: X NYFA: 4 counties 29 counties | USDA-NX Go Botany ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Catalpa ovata G.Don (1837) | Chinese catalpa, Yellow catalpa | Introduced from  Asia (parts of China), Naturalized | NYFA: X NYFA: xx counties xx counties | USDA- ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |

## Family Acanthaceae

* The Acanthaceae (acanthus family) primarily consists of tropical plants, with only a one or two species existing outside of cultivation in New York.

### Subfamily Acanthoideae
#### Tribe Ruellieae
##### Ruellia

* Ruellia humilis, hairy wild petunia There are about 20 North American native Ruellia species, but none are known to truly naturalize in New York State. R. humilis (hairy wild petunia) is the only Ruellia species listed in the New York Flora Atlas.
Lamiales — Acanthaceae — Ruellieae — Ruellia :
| Genus Ruellia | Petunia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Ruellia humilis Nutt.1835. Ruellia humilis Nutt. | Hairy wild petunia Fringeleaf wild petunia Fringe-leaf wild petunia ⓘ Fringe-leaved wild petunia Wild petunia ⓘ | Introduced, Midwest native, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Justicieae
##### Justicia

* Justicia americana, American Water-willow Justicia (named after Scottish horticulturist James Justice) contains many evergreen shrubs known as water willows. About 25 of these are native to North America. The most widespread, and the only Justicia species hardy as far north as New York, is Justicia americana or American water-willow.
Lamiales — Acanthaceae — Justicieae — Justicia :
| Genus Justicia | Water-willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Justicia americana (L.) Vahl1753. Dianthera americana L.1791. Justicia americana Vahl1913. J. umbratilis S.Moore1942. J. mortuifluminis Fernald | American water-willow, Common water-willow, Spike justicaCarmantine d'Amérique, Justicia d'Amérique | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS Tropicos BONAP BBG Images Wikispecies |

## Family Lentibulariaceae

* The Lentibulariaceae (bladderwort family) contains three genera of carnivorous plants, two of which, the butterworts and the bladderworts are represented in the wild in New York.

### Pinguicula

Lamiales — Lentibulariaceae — Pinguicula :
| Genus Pinguicula | Butterwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pinguicula vulgaris L. (1753) | Common butterwort | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |

### Utricularia

* Utricularia cornutaThere are over 200 species of bladderworts (Utricularia) worldwide, all of which are carnivorous. There are 14 Utricularia species listed as native to New York State.

#### Utricularia subg. Bivalvaria

Lamiales — Lentibulariaceae — Utricularia subg. Bivalvaria :
| Genus Utricularia sect. Stomoisia | Bladderwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Utricularia cornuta Michx. (1803) | Horned bladderwort | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia juncea Vahl (1804) | Southern bladderwort | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Utricularia subg. Utricularia

Lamiales — Lentibulariaceae — Utricularia subg. Utricularia :
| Genus Utricularia sect. Utricularia | Bladderwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Utricularia gibba L.1753. Utricularia gibba L. | Humped bladderwort | Native, CoC: 9, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia macrorhiza Leconte1824. Utricularia macrorhiza Leconte1836. Megozipa macrorhiza Raf.1917. U. vulgarisssp. americana1949. U. vulgarisssp. macrorhiza | Greater bladderwort, Common bladderwort | Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia intermedia Hayne | Flat-leaved bladderwort | Native, CoC: 9, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia geminiscapa Benj. | Hiddenfruit bladderwort | Native, CoC: 7, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia minor L. (1753) | Lesser bladderwort | Native, CoC: 9, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia inflata Walter (1788) | Swollen bladderwort | Native, CoC: 8, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia radiata Small (1903) | Small floating bladderwort, Little floating bladderwort | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia striata Leconte ex Torr. (1819) | Striped bladderwort | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Utricularia ochroleuca R.W.Hartm.  Utricularia intermedia ×   Utricularia minor | Yellowishwhite bladderwort | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered | | NYFA: 1? | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Utricularia sect. Vesiculina | Bladderwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Utricularia purpurea Walter | Eastern purple bladderwort | Native, CoC: 9, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Utricularia sect. Lecticula | Bladderwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Utricularia resupinata B.D.Greene ex Bigelow (1840) | Lavender bladderwort | Native, CoC: 10, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4-5 | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Utricularia sect. Setiscapella | Bladderwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Utricularia subulata L. (1753) | Zigzag bladderwort | Native, CoC: 10, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |