OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 4 - Rules Applicable to an Appeal for Which a Hearing Is Held
## RAD Rules Part 4

The text of the relevant rules reads:

## RAD Rule 56 - Notice to Appear
### Hearings at the RAD will normally be scheduled 3-6 weeks from the date on which the hearing is ordered

RAD Rule 56(2) provides that the date fixed for the hearing of an appeal must not be earlier than 10 days after the day on which the person who is the subject of the appeal and the Minister receive the Notice to appear for the hearing. RAD policy is also that the hearing must be scheduled within 42 days (6 weeks) from the date that the hearing is ordered, which provides a window of several weeks during which the hearing will normally be scheduled.

## RAD Rule 57 - Conduct of a Hearing
### The order of questioning in RAD hearings is not the same as the order of questioning in RPD hearings

In hearings at the RAD, the rules provides that any witness will be questioned first by the appellant, including the person who is the subject of the appeal. In contrast, at the RPD, the rules provide that the Member will question first: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 3-13 - Information and Documents to be Provided#RPD Rule 10 - Order of questioning in hearings, oral representations, oral decisions, limiting questioning.

## RAD Rule 59 - Interpreters
### Commentary

See the equivalent RPD rule: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 19 - Interpreters.

## RAD Rule 60 - Observers
### Commentary

See the equivalent RPD rule: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 58 - Observers.

## RAD Rule 68 - Abandonment
### The RAD may determine that any proceeding before it has been abandoned, not just one where a hearing is scheduled

The RAD rule on abandonment is part of Part 4 of the rules, namely "Rules Applicable to an Appeal for Which a Hearing Is Held". However, this should not restrict the RAD's discretion to declare an appeal abandoned even where a hearing has not been scheduled, a power which is enshrined in the IRPA. For more information, see this discussion of the related RPD rule: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 65 - Abandonment#A Division may determine that any proceeding before it has been abandoned, not just a refugee claim.
# Marathi/Days

| English | Marathi | Pronunciation |
| Monday | सोमवार | Somavār |
| Tuesday | मंगळवार | Mangaḷavār |
| Wednesday | बुधवार | Budhavār |
| Thursday | गुरुवार | Guruvār |
| Friday | शुक्रवार | Shukravār |
| Saturday | शनिवार | Shanivār |
| Sunday | रविवार | Ravivār |
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 2 - Communicating with the Division
## RPD Rule 2

The text of the relevant rule reads:

### What are the registry offices specified by the Division?

The registry offices are specified on the IRB website, including in the Board's Claimant's Guide. The only registries are in Vancouver, Toronto, and Montreal. While the IRB has offices in other cities, such as Ottawa, Winnipeg, and Calgary, these offices do not have registries and are not registry offices "specified by the Division" to receive communications within the meaning of this rule.

### Ways that a document may be provided

For details on ways that a document may be provided, see: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 31-43 - Documents#RPD Rule 39 - Ways that a document may be provided.

## References

* ↑ Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Claimant's Guide, ​​​​​Version 5 - 2018 <https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/refugee-claims/Pages/ClaDemGuide.aspx> (Accessed October 15, 2024).
# How to Type/Introduction to Typing

In the good old days of mechanical typewriter, typing used to be a skill possessed by very few. But with computers becoming accessible for masses, typing has become an everyday activity. While pressing keys to input text is simple, doing it accurately and at fast speeds without looking at the keyboard is what is necessary.
This book will help you to:
* Learn how to type efficiently
* Type at faster speeds
Learning how to type efficiently is a key player in typing for preventing situations like:
* Making a mistake while typing.
* Accidentally deleting text.
Typing at faster speeds can be a real life saver. For example, meeting a deadline. When fingers are trained to hit the right keys as soon as a word comes to the mind, typing will of course be faster compared to the situation when the user has to hunt and pick the letters. The skill of typing can prove to be of immense help at home, school, work, your office, and even at Starbucks!
So learning how to type is becoming a life-skill. Typing doesn't take much time to learn, just a few hours if you're ready.

## Finding a good program for typing

Any text editor can be used to learn typing as described in this book.
# Minecraft/Bat
## Bat

Minecraft
Blocks | Items | Mobs
Structures
Miscellaneous
Guides
Flying mobs that prefer the dark.

## Abilities and strengths/weaknesses

Other
This mob has no special abilities or disabilities.

### Drops

Nothing

## Description

Bats can be used to help you find caves when underground. Other than that, all they offer is target-practice.

## Strategies

None

## Mobs

* Animals
       Sheep
       Pig
       Cow
       Chicken
       Bat
       Cat
       Ocelot
       Wolf
       Fox
       Horse
       Donkey
       Mule
       Llama
       Bunny
       Frog
       Axolotl
       Tadpole
       Panda
       Mooshroom
* Monsters
       Creeper
       Zombie
       Skeleton
       Stray
       Witch
       Slime
       Phantom
       Warden
* Ocean
       Cod
       Pufferfish
       Salmon
       Tropical Fish
       Squid
       Glow Squid
       Dolphin
       Turtle
       Guardian
       Elder Guardian
* Nether
       Blaze
       Ghast
       Piglin
       Zombified Piglin
       Hoglin
       Strider
       Wither Skeleton
* End
       Enderman
       Endermite
       Shulker
* Illager/Villagers
       Villager
       Wandering Trader
       Illager
       Pillager
       Evoker
       Vex
       Ravanger
* Utility
       Snow Golem
       Iron Golem
       Allay
* Bosses
       Wither
       Ender Dragon
* Secret mobs
       Npc
# Minecraft/Commands/execute

Example1 : /execute at @e setblock ~~~ glass_block places a glass block at the feet of all players, mobs, boats, minecarts, armour stands, ect..
Syntax:
/execute <target: selector (required)> <command (required)>
The target is the entity(s) to effect. The position is where to run the command from, according to target, so ~~~ means where the target is. The command is any command, even another /execute command, may be placed.
Example2 (Java Edition): /execute as @a[hasitem={name=diamond}] run say @s Congratulations, you found diamonds!
Example2 (Bedrock Edition): /execute as @a[hasitem={name=diamond}] run tell @s Congratulations, you found diamonds!
This command will check every player's inventory, if he/she has a diamond. Every player that had a diamond in their inventory will get the message "congratulations, you found diamonds!".
# Minecraft/Commands

Minecraft
Blocks | Items | Mobs
Structures
Miscellaneous
Guides
Commands can be executed on any version of Minecraft which has the chat console. To run a command, type a forward slash. There are many commands to learn.
Variables :
| How to select | What it is |
| ~ | Inserts the current axis position when used inside a position argument. This can be used so you don't need to know your coordinates, or if a command block is likely not going to be in a set location. You may add a number after it, positive or negative, to add an offset, so ~~-3~ is 3 blocks below, and ~~3~ is 3 blocks above. ~ 3 ~ would be an absolute y=3. ~3~ would not be invalid, however, as there is only an x and y, but not a z. |
| @p | The closest player. |
| @a | All players. |
| @r | Random player. |
| @e | All entities. |
| @s | Self. Note that this does not work on command blocks unless using the /execute command. |
The @ selectors also allow finer tuning, like this: @r[r=10,tags=alive] checks for a random player within ten blocks, with the "alive" tag (set with /tag). All of them are:
* r: range. Note that this is a spherical radius!
* rm: minimum range. Note that this is a spherical radius! Any entity closer than this radius will not be included.
* l & lm: Level and minimum level, respectively.
* c: count. The maximum number of entities that can be returned.
* m: gamemode. Only works on players. Supported values are: creative, survival, adventure, spectator.
* name: Checks the name of the entity matches this value.
* tags: checks if a tag exists on that entity.
* type: checks its identifier matches. The identifier is usually a snake_case (all lowercase, underscores instead of spaces) version of its name.
* family: Checks if a entity is part of a particular entity family. Examples include undead, zombie, monster, and inanimate.
* x / y / z: If a coordinate matches.
* dx / dy / dz: distance from x / y / z. Example, an x of 0 and dx of 5 will only check x=0 to x=5. Set dx to -5 to reverse this, or x to -5 and dx to 10 to check between x=-5 and x=5. If one of these parameters are not set, and are used, a value of 0 is assumed.
# Wikipage
## Book Abstract

| Summary What is a Wikipage? It is a wizard that creates Wiki code to increase the pace of creating a Wikibook. This wizard is included in PlanoTse program. Almost all of the content on this page can be generated with only one click. This book, Wikipage, explains how to use the Wikipage Wizard in PlanoTse software. Latest News This book applies to version 0.0.66 of PlanoTse. | Reading Instruction To begin reading, select one: Cover Page Table of Contents Dedication How to Turn the Page Glossary   Enlarge this image and see how the Wikipage Wizard can make it easy for you to begin exploring a wikibook through the use of a tree view. | Reading Suggestions PlanoTse Handbook For basic concepts in PlanoTse, see PlanoTse Handbook for Job Search Automation. |
The starting Wiki code for this page was generated by the Wikipage wizard using this book config on Wednesday, June 27, 2012.
# Mirad Grammar/Syllabification

    Every syllable in Mirad contains one and only one vowel. A y when final or followed by a consonant is used to post-y-glide or diphthongize the previous vowel and is therefore considered part of the syllable in which that vowel is the nucleus (see case 2, below). Similarly, the liquids r and l, when final or followed by a consonant are considered to be a part of the syllable where the preceding vowel is the nucleus (see case 4, below). Two vowels in a row form two syllabic nuclei (see cases 3, 6, and 7, below). How syllables are divided is important for determining where the stress accent goes in a word (see Mirad_Grammar/Stress, below).
Syllabification :
| CASE | EXAMPLE | SYLLABIFIED |
| 1 | ama.....hot | a-ma |
| 2 | ayma.....warm | ay-ma |
| 3 | aymsea.....warming up | aym-se-a |
| 4 | pixwa....caught | pix-wa |
| 5 | upayo....will have come | u-pa-yo |
| 6 | vyaa....true | vya-a |
| 7 | vyaay....truly | vya-ay |
| 8 | vay....indeed | vay |
| 9 | tambwa....settled | tam-bwa |
| 10 | faof....plank | fa-of |
| 11 | twoyba....he-she | twoy-ba |
| 12 | yansauna....common | yan-sa-u-na |
← Pronunciation · Mirad Grammar · Stress →
# Polugaevsky Variation

Moves : 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Bg5 e6 7. f4 b5 8. e5 dxe5 9. fxe5 Qc7 10. exf6 Qe5+ 11. Be2 Qxg5 12. 0-0 Qe5
Because of the menace 13...Bc5, White has to "lose" a tempo : 13. Kh1 (main line)

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Bg5 e6 7. f4 b5 8. e5 dxe5 9. fxe5 Qc7 10. exf6 Qe5+ 11. Be2 Qxg5 12.0-0 Qe5
| | 13 |
| Main line | Kh1 - | = |
| | Bf3 - | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.
# Solar System
## Contents

* The Solar System And The Sun
** History of Scientific Theories
** Solar System
** The Sun
* The Inner Planets
** Mercury
** Venus
** Earth
*** Moon
** Mars
* Asteroids
** Ceres
* The Outer Planets
** Jupiter
** Saturn
** Uranus
** Neptune
* Dwarf planets
** Ceres
** Trans-Neptunian objects
*** Pluto
*** Eris
*** Makemake
*** Haumea
*** Sedna
* Other Bodies
** Meteorites
** Centaurs
** Comets
# Packing & Moving Household Goods/Minimizing moving time spent on each moving task

Generally speaking there are all kinds of moving checklists to be found on the Internet. Most of these are concerned with finding a new residence, transferring bank accounts, notifying the post office of change of address, transferring schools for children, etc. These are very important and necessary things for you to plan for and do but they are not included here for now. We will be updating this section with that information in the near future but for now just do a Google search on the term "moving checklists" and you'll find plenty of them. We have elected to limit our moving checklist here to just tasks necessary for the transport of your household goods.
Some of the following entries may even be too much formal planning for a small move but these are still steps that will need to be taken.
The limited moving checklist categories that we suggest you make are;
Sorting out household goods and disposing of unnecessary things and carefully packing or wrapping the things you are keeping, in advance of move day, expedites your move.
You can usually take your sweet time unpacking many things when you are done with the move.
# Bikol/Countries

This is a list of country names in Bikol. Many countries have corresponding names in Bikol, which are mostly derived from Spanish and spelled according to Bicolano spelling conventions, and which are pronounced as they would normally be in Spanish. Some countries meanwhile have native Bikol equivalents, and others are borrowed from English, but spelled according to Bikol conventions and whose pronunciation would be similar to their Spanish counterparts. Still other countries meanwhile don't have names in Bikol, and as such use their English names.
Bikol country names are not encountered colloquially, where English names are commonly used. However, they are used in formal documents, correspondence, speech and literature written in Bikol.
| Filipinas | Estados Unidos | Nagkakasararong Kahadean | Alemanya | Espanya |
| Mehiko | Ehipto | Italya | Bagong Selanda | Australya |
| Hapon | Kanada | Pransya | Turkiya | Habagatan na Korea |
| Singgapura | Brasil | Monggolya | Tsipre | Tsina |
| Norwega | Rumanya | Gresya | Byetnam | Subangan na Timor |
| Taylandya | Saudi Arabya | Suwesya | Rusya | Kuba |
| Pinlandya | Olanda | Arhentina | Indonesya | Tsile |
| Habagatan na Aprika | Dinamarka | Beneswela | Polonya | Indya |
| Albanya | Ekwador | Ukranya | Kambodya | Katar |
| Alherya | Bulibya | Belhika | Hordan | Suwisa |
# Bikol/False Friends

False friend is a word or expression that has a similar form to one in a person's native language, but a different meaning (for example English gift and German Gift ‘poison’).
| word | English translation of the Bikol word | English translation of the Tagalog word |
| bulong | medication | whisper |
| sira | fish | beyond repair |
| kulog | pain | thunder |
| gamot | root | medication |
| daga | soil | rat |
| iyo | yes | yours |
| batok | barking of a dog | nape |
| matibay | excellent | tough |
| hiling | to see, to look | wish |
| ito | that (Bikol Legazpi) | this |
| asin | and | salt* |
| pasa | broken (as in of glass) | bruise |
| taka | me to you (a personal pronoun) | to wonder |
* salt is also called asin in Bikol
| word | English translation of the Bikol word | English translation of the Indonesian word |
| pagi | stingray | morning |
| ayam | dog | chicken |
# Bikol/Dialects

Bikol language is divided into two dialects: Bikol Naga and Bikol Legazpi. Bikol Naga is spoken primarily in the pilgrim city of Naga while Bikol Legazpi is spoken mainly in the city of Legazpi and also in the city of Tabaco. Here are the different words used in these dialects.
| English | Bikol Legazpi | Bikol Naga |
| carabao | karabaw | damulag |
| hole | luho | labot |
| wind | paros | duros |
| face | pandok | lalawgon |
| body | lawas | hawak |
| none | wara | mayo |
| cap | kalo | kupya |
| grass | awot | duot |
| sun | aldaw | saldang |
| bird | bayong | gamgam |
| egg | bunay | sugok |
| angry | dagit | anggot |
| why | nata | tano |
| scream | suriyaw | kurahaw |
| drunk (from alcohol) | buyong | burat |
# Mirad Grammar/Flaws in Mirad

    Mirad has some flaws that may need to be fixed:
       1. Ambiguities caused by different possible readings of morpheme boundaries. Here are a few examples:
         * zoyuzben can be interpreted as zo-yuz-ben (circulating behind) or zoy-uz-ben (turning back).
         * meima can be interpreted as the hybrid combination mem + mim (land-sea, amphibious) or the adjectival form of meim (rural) in the taxonomic series meam, meem, meim.... (countryside).
       2. Use of the letter r for three different functions:
         * Words related to the universe and nature such as mar....star or mur....moon.
         * The infinitive form of verbs, such as xer....to do.
         * A sense intensifier in words, such as frua....ghastly or yonbyexren....exploding, or numbers like ara....one thousand.
         * Instruments, tools, machines, and vehicles, such as pur....car, sir....machine, or drar....pencil.
          The semantic use of r for universe/nature-related words and the grammatical use or r as an intensified are not incompatible and do not need to be fixed. But the use of r for tools and the like needs to be changed to a different letter, perhaps, c.
          Also the r used for the infinitive form of verbs needs to be changed as well.
       3. The Mirad equivalents of the numeric prefixes penta- and hexa- can be confused with the adverbs yon (apart) and yan (together). For this reason, yon- as in yongun (pentagon) and yangun (hexagon) have to be changed to yoon- and yaon-, respectively.
       4. Words beginning with jy have been changed to jw for easier pronunication. For example, jyob is listed in the dictionary as jwob.
       If you see other irregularities, mistakes, misspellings, or points of confusion, let it be known on the talk page.
← Mirad-English_Dictionary · Mirad Grammar
# Conhistory

Our history has determined almost every aspect of lives. It has influenced where we live, our religious beliefs, the languages we speak, how we govern ourselves, relations with others around the world, and many other things. Just as Earth has thousands of years of human history shaping the modern world, so would a conworld have its own ConHistory, whether it is longer or shorter. The information in this wikibook will help you develop your own conworld's history and to shape its present.

## Table of Contents

* The Basics of ConHistory
* How Geography Affects History
* Prehistory
** Prehistory
** Rise of Agriculture
* The First States
** The Ancient World
** Warfare
** Cultural Interaction
** Advancements Made in the Ancient Age
* Migration
** Barbarians
** Push and Pull Factors
** Exploration
** Colonialism
* Rise and Fall of Empires
** How Empires Work
** The Rise of an Empire
** The Fall of an Empire
* Ups and Downs of Cultures
** Cultures
** How Science Develops
** How Economies Develop
** How Art Develops
** How Thought Develops
* Industrialization
** Industrialized Nations
** Tides of Ideology
** Cultural Interaction
** Industrial Warfare
* The Modern World
** The Modern World
** Modern Warfare
** Cultural Interaction
** Making the Third Leap
* The Future World
* Some What Ifs to get your mind working
* Examples of ConHistories
# Basic Algebra/Systems of Linear Equations/Solving Linear Systems by Substitution
## Vocabulary

* Variable
* System
* Solution set

## Lesson

To solve a system of linear equations without graphing, you can use the substitution method. This method works by solving one of the linear equations for one of the variables, then substituting this value for the same variable in the other linear equation and solving for the other variable. It does not matter which equation you choose first, or which variable you solve for first; the values for both variables will be the same.

## Example Problems

For example, given the system of linear equations:
$2y=x-4$
$4x+3y=5$
The first step would be to choose one of the equations and solve it for either x or y. In the second equation y is not multiplied by a constant so it can be isolated in fewer steps.
$4x+y=24$
$y=24-4x$
Now you have a value, $24-4x$, for y. Substitute this value of y into the first equation.
$2x-3y=-2$
$2x-3(24-4x)=-2$
Solve this equation for the variable x.
$2x-3(24-4x)=-2$
$2x-72+12x=-2$
$14x-72=-2$
$14x=70$
$x=5$
We now have a value for x that can be substituted into either equation to solve for y.
$4x+y=24$
$4(5)+y=24$
$20+y=24$
$y=4$
The solution to this system of linear equations is $x=5$, $y=4$. This can also be written as $(x,y)=(5,4)$.
NOTE: If we substitute the value of x into the other equation, the value of y will remain the same.
$2x-3y=-2$
$2(5)-3y=-2$
$10-3y=-2$
$-3y=-12$
$y=4$

## Practice Games

Practice Problems
Math Drills

## Practice Problems

Note: Use / as the fraction line and put spaces between wholes and fractions!
# World Cultures/Culture in Asia

* Russian Culture
* Chinese Culture
* Indian Culture
* Japanese Culture
* Saudi Arabian Culture
* Turkish Culture
* Culture of Singapore
* Filipino Culture
* Thai Culture
# Golf
## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Etiquette
* Famous Golfers
* Famous Courses
# History of the ODU Art Department

Old Dominion University Art Department Origins
This book has the purpose of recording the history of the Old Dominion University Art Program. This is an ODU Art Education student research project. ODU Art Education students are working with Richard Nickel, the Art Education Program Director, to identify and interview all current and previous faculty to discover the true origins of the ODU Art program. Students are now posting current faculty and working backwards to research and create biographies of each previous faculty in each program. As the new biographies are researched and written, they will be added to the WIKI book.
Any current or former faculty and students may contribute to this growing wiki book.

### Art Education

* Booker Stephen Carpenter
* Patty Edwards
* Dianne Debeixedon
* William Harris
* Carol Hines
* Rick Nickel

### Art History

* Alice Jaffe
* Parker Lesley
* Anthony Lichi
* Elizabeth Lipsmeyer
* Linda McGreevy
* Charles Scillia
* Marjory Strauss
* George Tussing
* Agnieszka Whelan
* Robert Wojtowicz

### Ceramics

* Booker Stephen Carpenter
* Jim Chalkley
* Anna Freeman
* Steve Horn
* Rita Marlier
* Rick Nickel

### Drawing

* Bill Wagner
* Ernie Mauer
* Elliott Jones
* Elizabeth Leeor
* Ron Snapp

### Fiber

* Dianne Debeixedon

### Graphic Design

* Kenneth FitzGerald
* Jiwon Lee
* Robert McCullough

### Metals/Fibers

* Dianne deBeixedon

### Painting

* Elliott Jones
* Charles Sibley
* Ron Snapp
* Fay Zetlin

### Photography

* Wally Dryer
* David Johnson
* Greta Pratt

### Design

* Ernie Mauer

### Printmaking

* Heather Bryant
* Ken Daley
* Clay McGlamory

### Sculpture

* Peter Eudenbach
* John Roth
* Vic Pickett
* Bill Wagner

### NSU Joint Graduate Program

* Elliott Jones
* Kenneth FitzGerald
* Ron Snapp

### University Gallery

* Baron and Ellen Gordon Art Galleries
* Ramona Austin
* Katherine Huntoon