# Flora of New York/Caryophyllales 1

| ← Santalales: Santalaceae | Flora of New York — Caryophyllales 1: : Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae | Flora of New York — Caryophyllales 1: : Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae | Flora of New York — Caryophyllales 1: : Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae | Flora of New York — Caryophyllales 1: : Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae | → Caryophyllales 2: Caryophyllaceae |
| ← Santalales: Santalaceae | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Caryophyllales 2: Caryophyllaceae |

## Caryophyllales introduction

* The order Caryophyllales
* ↑ Walker, J. F., Yang, Y., Feng, T., Timoneda, A., Mikenas, J., Hutchison, V., Edwards, C., et al. 2018. From cacti to carnivores: Improved phylotranscriptomic sampling and hierarchical homology inference provide further insight into the evolution of Caryophyllales. American Journal of Botany 105( 3): 446– 462.

## Family Droseraceae

* The Droseraceae (sundew family) ...
* ↑ Droseraceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

### Drosera

* Drosera intermedia spatulate-leaved sundew
Caryophyllales — Droseraceae — Drosera :
| Genus Drosera | Sundew | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Drosera intermedia Hayne1753. Drosera longifolia L. p.p.1801. Drosera intermedia Hayne1809. Drosera americana Willd.1824. Drosera intermediavar. americana (Willd.) DC.1915. Rorella intermedia Nieuwl. | Spoon-leaved sundew, Spoonleaf sundew, Oblong-leaf sundew, Spatulate-leaved sundewDroséra intermédiaire, Rossolis intermédiaire, Rossolis à feuille longue | Native, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos IPN Images Wikispecies |
| Drosera rotundifolia L.var. rotundifolia | Round-leaved sundew, Roundleaf sundew | Native, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Drosera rotundifolia L.var. comosa | Round-leaved sundew | Native, Unranked OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: U | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Drosera filiformis Raf. | Thread-leaved sundew | Native, Vulnerable OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Aldrovanda

* Aldrovanda vesiculosaAlthough the waterwheel plant is listed as endangered globally it is considered potentially invasive in the Northeast, where this carnivorous aquatic plant has been introduced into private ponds by hobbyists and probably transported into the wild on the feet of birds.
* ↑ Marion Renault (2019). "A Waterwheel in Crisis: This Carnivorous Plant Invaded New York. That May Be Its Only Hope." The New York Times. Aug. 13, 2019, Section D, Page 1.
Caryophyllales — Droseraceae — Aldrovanda :
| Genus Aldrovanda | waterwheel plant | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NPT |
| Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.1753. Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. 1753. Aldrovanda verticillata Roxb. 1753. Drosera aldrovanda F.Muell. 1819. Ruelingia polyphylla Haw. 1826. Anacampseros polyphylla (Haw.) Sweet 1876. Aldrovanda vesiculosa  var. verticillata  (Roxb.) Darwin 1902. Aldrovanda generalis E.H.L.Krause | Waterwheel plant ⓘ Waterwheel ⓘ | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: , Naturalized, SNA | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: Orange (2013) iNat GBIF no observations | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

## Family Tamaricaceae

* Some sources still list the Tamaricaceae (tamarisk family) as part of the Violales.
* ↑ Tamaricaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

### Tamarix

* Tamarix parvifloraSeveral tamarisk or saltcedar (Tamarix) species are considered invasive in North America, and they can be difficult to distinguish from one another. The New York Flora Atlas lists Tamarix parviflora as naturalized in Suffolk County. iNaturalist shows a 2020 observation of Tamarix parviflora on Shelter Island, but it had only been confirmed to genus level as of 2022.
* ↑ Smallflower tamarisk (Tamarix parviflora). Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States.
* ↑ iNaturalist May 28, 2020 observation of Tamarix parviflora on Shelter Island, Suffolk County, NY
Caryophyllales — Tamaricaceae — Tamarix :
| Genus Tamarix | Tamarisk | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Tamarix parviflora DC.1828. Tamarix parviflora DC. 1827. Tamarix laxa  var. subspicata  Ehrenb. 1852. Tamarix cretica Bunge 1907. Tamarix rubella Batt. 1928. Tamarix lucronensisSennen & Hermano Elias | Small-flowered tamarisk ⓘ Smallflower tamarisk ⓘ Saltcedar ⓘ | Introduced from  southeast Europe,  western Asia,  northern Africa, Naturalized | | NYFA: U NYFA: Suffolk (2012) Suffolk (2020) | USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies |

## Family Plumbaginaceae

* The Plumbaginaceae (leadwort or Plumbago family)

### Subfamily Limonioideae
#### Tribe Limonieae
##### Limonium

* Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton sea-lavenderThe genus Limonium is generally known as sea lavender or statice. But it's not related to lavender (Lavandula), which is in the Lamiaceae (mint family).
* Limonium carolinianum is reported as secure in salt marshes along the New York Atlantic Coast.
* According to the Flora of North America, although Limonium leptostachyum was reported from New York by R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker (1997), it's doubtful that it could naturalize New York.
* ↑ Alan R. Smith (2005). "Limonium" in Flora of North America, Volume 5.
Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Limonioideae — Limonieae — Limonium :
| Genus Limonium | Sea lavender | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton | Sea-lavender ⓘ American thrift Lavender thrift Seaside thrift Canker root Ink root Marsh root | Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | | Bronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, Westchester NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Limonium leptostachyum (Boiss.) Kuntze    Statice leptostachya Boiss.     Limonium leptostachyum in… | Statice | Introduced from  central Asia, Impersistent, Not naturalized, SNA Perennial, Herb-forb | | Westchester (1898) NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

##### Armeria

* Armeria maritimaArmeria maritima is native to coastal regions throughout the northern hemisphere but has not been known to naturalize in New York. Its North American distribution is primarily along the west coast, but there is a fairly significant population near Lehigh Gap, Palmerton, Pennsylvania, where it was used for remediation in test plots downwind from zinc smelters that severely damaged the forest on top of Blue Mountain.
Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Limonioideae — Limonieae — Armeria :
| Genus Armeria (excluded taxa) | Thrift | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd.ssp. sibirica (Turcz.) Nyman1844. Armeria labradorica Wallr. 1848. Armeria sibirica Turcz. ex Boiss. 1881. Armeria maritima  ssp. sibirica  (Turcz.) Nyman 1948. Armeria maritima  ssp. labradorica  (Wallr.) Hultén 1993. Armeria labradorica  ssp. sibirica  (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Kamelin | Siberian sea thrift | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Staticoideae
#### Tribe Staticeae
##### Psylliostachys

* Limonium suworowii
Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Staticoideae — Staticeae — Psylliostachys :
| Genus Psylliostachys | Statice | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova1880. Statice suworowii Regel 1891. Limonium suworowii (Regel) Kuntze 1916. Limonium superbum (Regel) F.T.Hubb. in… 1952. Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova | Russian-statice ⓘ Rat tail statice ⓘ | Introduced from  Eurasia, Not naturalized | | NYFA: Xm NYFA: Tompkins (1926) iNat no counties | POWO Images Wikispecies |

## Family Polygonaceae

The Polygonaceae (buckwheat family)

### Subfamily Polygonoideae

* The order in which Polygonoideae tribes are shown here has been modified somewhat from Reveal's system, based on phylogenic data shown in Schuster et al. (2013) "Age Estimates for the Buckwheat Family Polygonaceae Based on Sequence Data Calibrated by Fossils and with a Focus on the Amphi-Pacific Muehlenbeckia.

#### Tribe Persicarieae
##### Persicaria

* Persicaria (smartweed).
* ↑ Kim & Donoghue (2008). Molecular phylogeny of Persicaria (Persicarieae, Polygonaceae). Systematic Botany 33(1): pp. 77–86

###### Persicaria sect. Persicaria

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Persicaria :
| Genus Persicaria sect. Persicaria | Smartweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre1753. Polygonum lapathifolium L. 1794. Polygonum scabrum Moench 1800. Persicaria lapathifolia in… 1966. Persicaria scabra in… | Dock-leaved smartweed Pale smartweed Willow-leaved smartweed Curlytop knotweed Curlytop smartweed Pink knotweed Willow-weedRenouée à feuilles de patience | Native, CoC: 1, Unranked, Circumboreal FACW Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: U | USDA-NX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez1753. Polygonum pensylvanicum L. in in Sp. Pl.:362 1837. Dioctis pensylvanica (L.) Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 3:15 1896. Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez in Anales Inst. Segunda Enseñ. 1917. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. laevigatum Fernald in Rhodora 19:73 1917. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. nesophilum Fernald in Rhodora 19:73 1925. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. durum Stanford in Rhodora 27:178 1942. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. eglandulosum Myers in Castanea 7:74 | Pennsylvania smartweedRenouée de Pennsylvanie | Native, CoC: 2, Secure OBL-FACW Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small1817. Polygonum punctatum Elliott in Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1:455 1817. Polygonum acre Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, nom. illeg. 1903. Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small in Fl. S.E. U.S.:379 1959. Persicaria punctata var. confertiflora (Meisn.) D.Löve & J.-P.Bernard | Dotted smartweedRenouée ponctuée | Native, CoC: 4, Secure OBL Annual, perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria robustior (Small) E.P.Bicknell1856. Polygonum acre var. majus Meisn. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 108 1894. Polygonum punctatum var. robustius Small in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 477 1903. Persicaria punctata var. robustior (Small) Small in Fl. S.E. U.S.:379 1909. Persicaria robustior (Small) E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36:455 1919. Polygonum acre var. robustius (Small) Farw. in in Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. 20:174 1921. Polygonum robustius (Small) Fernald in Rhodora 23:147 1949. Polygonum punctatum var. majus (Meisn.) Fassett in Brittonia 6:373 | Stout smartweed | Native, Unranked | | NYFA: N iNat: ~5 counties | Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria coccinea (Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene1803. Polygonum amphibiumvar. emersum1808. Polygonum inundatum Raf.1809. Polygonum coccineum Muhl. ex Willd.1879. Polygonum muehlenbergii S.Watson1904. Polygonum amphibiumvar. coccineum1904. Persicaria coccinea (Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene1906. Persicaria muhlenbergii (S.Watson) Small1984. Persicaria amphibiavar. emersa | Scarlet smartweed, Longroot smartweed | Native, CoC: 5, Unranked OBL Perennial, Forb-herb | | NYFA: N | USDA- Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos IPN Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbressp. laevimarginata (Hult.) Soják1803. Polygonum amphibium  var. natans  Michx. (i) 1822. Polygonum natans (Michx.) Eaton 1874. Polygonum amphibium  var. N.Coleman  {{{5}}} 1944. Polygonum amphibium  ssp. Hultén  {{{5}}} 1952. Persicaria amphibia  var. (Coleman) Hara  {{{5}}} 1974. Persicaria amphibia  ssp. (Hultén) Soják  {{{5}}} | American water smartweed ⓘ Renouée amphibie | Native, CoC: 6, Secure OBL Perennial, Forb-herb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small1803. Po. hydropiperoides Michx.1892. Po. opelousanumRiddell ex Small1903. Pe. hydropiperoides Small1903. Pe. opelousana Small | Swamp smartweed, False water-pepper, Mild water-pepperRenouée   faux-poivre-d'eau | Native, CoC: 6, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA- Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria careyi (Olney) Greene1847. Po. careyi Olney1904. Pe. careyi (Olney) Greene | Carey's smartweedRenouée de Carey | Native, CoC: 5, Endangered FACW Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 1-2 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria setacea (Baldwin) Small1817. Po. setaceum Baldwin1903. Pe. setacea (Baldwin) Small | Bog smartweed, Swamp smartweed, Bristly smartweed | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 1-2 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre1753. Polygonum hydropiper L.1800. Pe. hydropiper Delarbre1927. Po. hydropipervar. projectum1943. Pe. hydropipervar. projecta | Marshpepper smartweed, Water-pepper smartweed, RedleafRenouée poivre-d'eau | Introduced from  Europe | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach1753. Polygonum orientale L.1841. Persicaria orientalis Spach1899. Polygonum spaethii Dammer | Kiss-me-over-    the-garden-gate, Prince's-feather, Princess-featherRenouée orientale | Introduced from  Asia,  Australia | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria maculosa Gray1753. Po. persicaria L.1821. Pe. maculosa Gray1903. Pe. persicaria Smalltaut. | Spotted lady's-thumb, Redshank, Heart's-ease, Smartweed, JesusplantRenouée persicaire, Pied rouge | Introduced, from Eurasia | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria extremiorientalis (Vorosch.) Tzvelev1984. Po. extremiorientale Vorosch.1987. Pe. extremiorientalis(Vorosch.) Tzvelev | Far eastern smartweed | Introduced, Potentially invasive, | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn) Kitag.1854. Polygonum longisetum Bruijn1930. Po. cespitosumvar. longisetum1937. Pe. longiseta Kitag.1941. Pe. longiseta Moldenke (i)1987. Pe. caespitosavar. longiseta | Bristly lady's-thumb, Creeping smartweed | Introduced, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 60% | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz    Polygonum minus  Huds.     Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz | Small water pepper ⓘ Pygmy smartweed ⓘ | Introduced from  Eurasia OBL | | NYFA: Xn | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Persicaria sect. Persicaria (excluded taxa) | Smartweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria chinensis | Chinese knotweed ⓘ Chinese smartweed | Introduced, Potentially invasive, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-00 CABI Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross1825. Polygonum posumbuBuch.-Ham. ex D.Don 1825. Po. cespitosum Blume 1913. Persicaria posumbu(Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross 1934. Pe. cespitosa (Blume) Nakai | Tufted knotweed | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria amphibiassp. amphibia    Persicaria amphibia | | Introduced from  Eurasia, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria amphibia ssp.  laevimarginata × coccinea  Persicaria amphibia      ssp. laevimarginata ×   Persicaria coccinea | Hybrid of  water smartweed &  scarlet smartweed | Native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Daniel E. Atha, et. al. (2010) "Persicaria extremiorientalis (Polygonaceae) is established in the flora of the eastern United States of America." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 137(4):333-338. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Persicaria longiseta: Moderate (60). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ||||||

###### Persicaria sect. Tovara

* Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaert. jumpseed
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Tovara :
| Genus Persicaria sect. Tovara | Smartweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaert.1753. Polygonum virginianum L.1790. Persicaria virginiana Gaertn.1836. Tovara virginiana Raf.1964. Antenoron virginianumRoberty & Vautier | Jumpseed, Virginia knotweedRenouée de Virginie | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

###### Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon

* Persicaria perfoliata, mile-a-minute weedPersicaria sect. Echinocaulon contains armed climbers known as tearthumbs. Two of these are New York natives, and one P. perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) is a fairly recent introduction from Asia that is considered to be very highly-invasive in New York.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon :
| Genus Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon | Tearthumbs | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria sagittata (L.) H.Gross1753. Polygonum sagittatum L.1903. Tracaulon sagittatum Small1919. Persicaria sagittata H.Gross1974. Truellum sagittatum Soják | Arrowleaf tearthumb, Arrow-leaved tearthumb, American tearthumb, Arrow-vine, Scratch-grassRenouée sagittée | Native, CoC: 4, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haraldson1753. Polygonum arifolium L.1836. Tracaulon arifolium Raf.1978. Persicaria arifolia Haraldson | Halberdleaf tearthumb, Halberd-leaved tearthumbRenouée à feuilles d'arum | Native, CoC: 6, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross1759. Polygonum perfoliatum L. 1913. Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross | Mile-a-minute weed, Asiatic tearthumb, Climbing tearthumb, Devil's-tail climbing tearthumb, Giant climbing tearthumb | Introduced from  Asia, Very highly invasive,  NYIS: 91%, Prohibited, CP-2 NE-1 | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Persicaria perfoliata: Very high (91). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species ↑ Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ↑ Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service ||||||

###### Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon :
| Genus Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon | Smartweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria nepalensis1825. Polygonum alatum Buch.-Ham.ex D. Don1826. Polygonum nepalense Meisn.1886. Polygonum alatumvar. nepalense1913. Persicaria nepalensis H.Gross | Nepal smartweed, Nepal knotweedRenouée du Népal | Introduced from  Asia, Potentially invasive,  NYIS: 47% | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Persicaria longiseta: Unknown (47). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ||||||

###### Persicaria sect. Rubrivena

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Rubrivena :
| Genus Persicaria sect. Rubrivena (excluded taxa) | Smartweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Persicaria wallichii Greuter & Burdet1832. Polygonum polystachyumWall. ex Meisn. 1941. Reynoutria polystachya Moldenke 1969. Aconogonon polystachyum M.Král 1985. Rubrivena polystachya M.Král 1989. P. wallichii Greuter & Burdet | Himalayan knotweed ⓘ Giant smart-weed Kashmir plume ⓘ Garden smartweed ⓘ Cultivated knotweed ⓘ | Introduced from  Asia, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Fagopyreae
##### Fagopyrum

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Fagopyreae — Fagopyrum :
| Genus Fagopyrum | Buckwheat | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Fagopyrum esculentum Moench1753. Polygonum fagopyrum L.1794. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench    F. sagittatum Gilib.    F. vulgare Hill    F. fagopyrum (L.) H.Karst. | Buckwheat, Common buckwheatSarrasin commun | Introduced, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.1753. Polygonum tataricum L.1790. Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. | Tartarian buckwheat, Tartary buckwheat, Green buckwheat, Japanese buckwheat, India-wheat | Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Rumiceae
##### Rumex
###### Rumex subg. Axillares

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rumex subg. Axillares :
| Genus Rumex subg. Axillares | Dock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex triangulivalvis Rech.f.1926. R. salicifoliusssp. triangulivalvis1936. R. triangulivalvis Rech.f.1964. R. salicifoliusvar. triangulivalvis1964. R. triangulivalvisvar. oreolapathum | White dock, White willow dock, Triangular-valved dock | Native, CoC: 4, Secure, 2n = 20 | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex verticillatus L.1753. Rumex verticillatus L.1856. R. floridanus Meisn.1895. R. fascicularis Small | Swamp dock, Water dock | Native, CoC: 6, Secure, 2n = 60 | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex britannica L.1753. Rumex britannica L.1856. R. hydrolapathumvar. americanum1867. R. orbiculatus A.Gray1937. R. britannicavar. borealis | Water dock, Greater water dock, British dock | Native, CoC: 7, Secure, 2n = 20 | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex altissimus Alph.Wood1847. Rumex altissimus Alph.Wood1856. R. britannicus Meisn. non L.1856. R. britannica Meisn. non L. | Pale dock ⓘ Tall dock ⓘ Smooth dock Patience élevée ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, Secure, 2n = 20 | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex pallidus Bigelow1840. Rumex pallidus Bigelow | Sea-beach dock ⓘ Seaside dock ⓘ Pale willow dock ⓘ White dock ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, Unranked, 2n = 20 | | NYFA: U | USDA-NN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Rumex subg. Axillares (excluded taxa) | Dock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex salicifolius Weinm.1821. Rumex salicifolius Weinm. | Willow dock ⓘ Willow-leaf dock ⓘ | N. America native  s.w. N. America, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NM ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex mexicanus Meisn.1856. Rumex mexicanus Meisn. 1964. R. salicifolius  var. mexicanus  (Meisn.) C.L.Hitchc. | Mexican dock ⓘ Mexican-willow ⓘ White dock ⓘ | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex pallidus × triangulivalvis  Rumex pallidus ×   Rumex triangulivalvis | Hybrid of  sea-beach dock &  white dock | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex pallidus × mexicanus  Rumex pallidus ×   Rumex mexicanus | Hybrid of  sea-beach dock &  Mexican dock | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |

###### Rumex subg. Rumex

* Rumex fueginusPlants of subg. Rumex are generally synoecious (have male and female organs in the same flower), but polygamodioecious or dioecious individuals occasionally occur in some species.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rumex subg. Rumex :
| Genus Rumex subg. Rumex | Dock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex fueginus Phil.1895. Rumex fueginus Phil. 1900. Rumex maritimus  var. fueginus  Dusén 1915. Rumex maritimus  var. athrix  H.St.John 1937. Rumex fueginus  var. athrix  (H.St.John) Rech.f. 1937. Rumex fueginus  var. typicus  Rech.f. 1968. Rumex maritimus  ssp. fueginus  Hultén 2010. Rumex persicarioides  var. fueginus  (Phil.) A.Haines | American golden dock ⓘ Tierra del Fuego dock ⓘ Sea-side dock Golden dock | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, 2n = 40 | | NYFA: 1 NYFA: 11 counties iNat GBIF 2 NRG observations | USDA-NN COL POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNAFNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex persicarioides L.1753. Rumex persicarioides L. 1794. Lapathum persicarioides (L.) Moench 1978. Rumex maritimus  var. persicarioides  (L.) R.S.Mitch. | Coastal dock ⓘ Peach-leaved dock ⓘ American golden dock Golden dock Seaside dock Seashore dock Rumex fausse-persicaire ⓘ Patience fausse-persicaire ⓘ Patience faux-persicaire ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, No recent reports, 2n = 40 | | NYFA: H NYFA: Suffolk (1879-1926) iNat GBIF No observations | USDA-NN COL WFO POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNAFNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex crispus L. ssp. crispus    Rumex crispus L. | Curly dock, Sour dock, Yellow dock | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized, SNA, GNR FAC Perennial, Herb-forb, 2n = 60 | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: 45 counties iNat GBIF 54 counties | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex obtusifolius L. ssp. obtusifolius | Bitter dock, Broad-leaved dock | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized, SNA FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, 2n = 40 | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: 48 counties iNat ? counties | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex × pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch  Rumex crispus ×   Rumex obtusifolius1753. Rumex × acutus L. (pro sp.1826. Rumex × pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch1855. Rumex × crispobtusifolius Meisn. | Field dock ⓘ Meadow dock | Introduced | | NYFA: X NYFA: ? counties iNat ? counties | USDA-XN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex longifolius | Dooryard dock, Long-leaved dock, Northern dock | Introduced, Naturalized, 2n = 60 | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: 20 counties iNat ? counties | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex patientia L. | Patience dock | Introduced, Naturalized, 2n = 60 | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: ? counties iNat ? counties | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex × confusus Simonkai  Rumex crispus ×   Rumex patientia | Large curly dock, Confused dock | Introduced | | NYFA: X NYFA: ? counties iNat ? counties | USDA-X0 ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Rumex subg. Rumex (excluded taxa) | Dock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex sanguineus L. | Redvein dock ⓘ | Introduced from  Eurasia, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded NYFA: ? counties iNat ? counties | USDA-XW ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Rumex persicarioides L. var. fueginus (Phil.) A.Haines (2010). "New combinations for the New England tracheophyte flora." Stantec Botanical Notes No. 13. ||||||

###### Rumex subg. Acetosa

* Rumex acetosa
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Acetosa :
| Genus Rumex subg. Acetosa | Sorrel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex hastatulus Baldwin1817. Rumex hastatulus Baldwin1856. Rumex engelmannii Meisn.1948. Acetosa hastatula Á.Löve | Heartwing sorrel, Heart-winged sorrel, Wild sorrel, Heartwing dock, Wild dock | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 NYFA: Suffolk (1872-1987) Suffolk (2020?) | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex acetosa L.1753. Rumex acetosa L.1768. Acetosa pratensis Mill.1903. R. acetosassp. pratensis | Garden sorrel, Green sorrel, Common sorrel, Common dock, SourdockOseille de prés, Grande oseille | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized, SNA, G5 UPL-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: X NYFA: 20 counties iNat GBIF No RG observations | USDA-XM Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

###### Rumex subg. Acetosella

* Rumex acetosellaRumex acetosella (sheep sorrel) is the only Rumex species currently listed in the New York State Invasive Species Tiers Table. It is listed with an Ecological Invasiveness of Moderate but shown as untiered in all PRISMS except Finger Lakes, where it has been assigned Tier 4 (Local Control).
* ↑ New York State Invasive Species Tiers Table, Updated March 16, 2022, New York Natural Heritage Program
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Acetosella :
| Genus Rumex subg. Acetosella | Sorrel | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rumex acetosella L. ssp. pyrenaicus (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd1991. Rumex acetosella  ssp. pyrenaicus  (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd 1818. Rumex pyrenaicus Pourr. ex Lapeyr.  auct. Rumex acetosella  ssp. angiocarpus  (Murb.) Murb. misapplied | Sheep sorrel, Red sorrel, Field sorrelOseille, Petite oseille, Sûrette | Introduced, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 66%,  NYIS Tier: Untiered (FL-4),  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized, CP-4 | NYFA: X NYFA: 48 counties 30 counties | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA IPN Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex acetosella L. ssp. acetosella1753. Rumex acetosella L. 1869. Acetosella vulgaris Fourr. | Sheep sorrel | Introduced from  Europe, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded NYFA: ? counties ? counties | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Rumex acetosella L. ssp. multifidus (L.) Arcang.1762. Rumex multifidus L.1834. Rumex acetosellassp. multifidus | Sheep sorrel, Red sorrel, Field sorrelOseille, Petite oseille, Sûrette | Introduced from  Europe, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded NYFA: ? counties ? counties | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Rumex acetosella: Moderate (66). ↑ Appendix 4. Plant species that are considered moderately invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ||||||

##### Rheum

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rheum :
| Genus Rheum L. | Rhubarb | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rheum rhabarbarum L.1753. Rheum rhabarbarum L. 1762. R. undulatum L. 1879. R. franzenbachii Münter | Garden rhubarb, Pie-plant, Rhubarb, Wine-plantRhubarbe ⓘ | Introduced from  Eurasia, Not naturalized Perennial, Herb-forb, 2n = 44 | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Rheum L. (excluded taxa) | Rhubarb | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rheum rhaponticum L.1753. Rheum rhaponticum L. | European rhubarb ⓘ False rhubarb ⓘ | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, 2n = 22 | | NYFA-Excluded | ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Polygoneae
##### Polygonum

* The Flora of North America recognizes the two sections Duravia and Polygonum used here.
* ↑ 30. Polygonum Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 19+ vols. New York and Oxford.

###### Polygonum sect. Duravia

* Schuster, Reveal & Kron (2011) transferred Polygonella articulata back to Polygonum articulatum.
* ↑ Tanja M. Schuster, James L. Reveal & Kathleen A. Kron (2011) "Phylogeny of Polygoneae (Polygonaceae: Polygonoideae)." Taxon, 60(6), Dec. 2011, pp. 1653-1666.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Polygonum sect. Duravia :
| Genus Polygonum sect. Duravia subsect. Polygonella | Jointweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polygonum articulatum L.1753. Polygonum articulatum L.1841. Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn.1932. Delopyrum articulatum (L.) Small | Coastal jointweed, Northern jointweed, Coast jointweedPolygonelle articulée | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Polygonum sect. Duravia subsect. Duravia | Knotweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polygonum tenue Michx. (1803)P. tenue var. protrusum | Pleatleaf knotweed, Pleat-leaved knotweed, Slender knotweed | Native, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum douglasii Greene | Douglas knotweed | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

###### Polygonum sect. Polygonum

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Polygonum :
| Genus Polygonum sect. Polygonum | Knotweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake1917. Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake 1982. Polygonum erectum  ssp. achoreum  Á & D.Löve | Leathery knotweed, Blake's knotweed, Striate knotweedRenouée coriace | Native, CoC: 0, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.ssp. prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif1894. Polygonum ramosissimum  var. prolificum  Small 1902. Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob. 1948. Polygonum prolificum  var. autumnale  (Brenckle) Brenckle 1948. Polygonum prolificum  var. profusum  Brenckle 2003. Polygonum ramosissimum  ssp. prolificum  (Small) Costea & Tardif | Proliferous knotweed ⓘ Bushy knotweed Saltmarsh knotweed Renouée prolifique | Native, CoC: 1, Introduced | | NYFA: NX | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.ssp. ramosissimum1803. Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. 1894. Polygonum exsertum Small 1894. Polygonum interior Small 1904. Polygonum leptocarpum B.L.Rob. 1909. Polygonum atlanticum (B.L.Rob.) E.P.Bicknell 1913. Polygonum triangulum E.P.Bicknell ex Small 1932. Polygonum latum Small ex Rydb. 1941. Polygonum stevensii Brenckle | Bushy knotweed, Slender knotgrass, Renouée à fleurs jaunes | Native, CoC: 1, Introduced | | NYFA: NX | USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum glaucum Nutt.        Polygonum avicularevar. glaucum | Seabeach knotweed, Seaside knotweed | Native, CoC: 8, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum erectum L.1753. Polygonum erectum L. | Erect knotweed ⓘ Upright knotweed ⓘ Devil's shoestring ⓘ Leathery knotweed ⓘ Striate knotweed ⓘ Wireweed ⓘ Renouée dressée ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, No recent reports, Impersistent | | NYFA: Zm | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum buxiforme Small1906. Polygonum buxiforme Small 1831. Polygonum aviculare  var. littorale  (Link) Mert. & W.D.J. Koch (i) 2003. Polygonum aviculare  ssp. buxiforme  (Small) Costea & Tardif | Box knotweed, Small's knotweed, American knotweedRenouée faux-buis | Native, CoC: 0, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum aviculare L.ssp. aviculare    1753. Polygonum aviculare L.1912. Polygonum heterophyllum Lindm. | Common knotweed, Dooryard knotweed, Doorweed, Prostrate knotweed | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum aviculare L.ssp. depressum (Meisn.) Arcang.1856. Polygonum avicularevar. depressum1857. Polygonum arenastrum Boreau1882. Polygonum avicularessp. depressum1912. Polygonum aequale Lindm.1942. Polygonum montereyense Brenckle | Common knotweed, Oval-leaved knotweed, Equal-leaved knotgrassRenouée à petits fruits | Introduced | | NYFA: X | Go Botany ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum aviculare L. ssp. neglectum (Besser) Arcang.1785. Polygonum bellardii All.1822. Polygonum neglectum Besser1882. Polygonum avicularessp. neglectum | Narrowleaf knotweed, Narrow-leaved knotweed | Introduced from  Eurasia | | NYFA: X | USDA-XN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum polycnemoides Jaubert & Spach    1844. Polygonum polycnemoides Jaub. & Spach | Himalayan knotweed ⓘ Manyleg knotweed ⓘ | Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Polygonum sect. Polygonum (excluded taxa) | Knotweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polygonum bellardii All.1792. Polygonum procumbens Gilib. 1822. Polygonum neglectum Besser 1841. Polygonum nervosum Wallr. 1857. Polygonum agrestinum Jord. ex Boreau 1882. Polygonum bellardii All. 1959. Polygonum rectum (Chrtek) Scholz | Bellard's knotweed, Narrow-leaved knotweed | Introduced from  Europe, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum aviculare L. ssp. rurivagum | Narrow-leaved knotweed | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum oxyspermum C.A.Mey. & Bunge ex Ledeb.ssp. raii (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater1836. Polygonum raii Bab. 1963. Polygonum oxyspermum  ssp. rali  (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater | Ray's knotweed ⓘ Renouée de Ray ⓘ | N. America native  eastern Canada  Maine, N.Y. excluded Annual-perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Polygonum maritimum L.1753. Polygonum maritimum L. 1849. Polygonum chilense K.Koch 1913. Polygonum maritimum  var. chilense  (K. Koch) Skottsb. | | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Missaplied to  P. glaucum | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |

##### Fallopia
###### Fallopia sect. Fallopia

* Fallopia scandens from Wild Flowers of New York (1918)False-buckwheat (Fallopia) contains vines similar to those of Convolvulaceae (in order Solanales), many of which are also known as bindweeds.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Fallopia sect. Fallopia :
| Genus Fallopia Adanson sect. Fallopia | False-buckwheat | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Fallopia cilinodis (Michx.) Holub1803. Polygonum cilinode Michx.1903. Tiniaria cilinodis Small1904. Bilderdykia cilinodis Greene1967. Reynoutria cilinodis Shinners1971. Fallopia cilinodis Holub | Fringed black bindweed, Fringed bindweed, Blackfringe knotweedRenouée à noeuds ciliés | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Fallopia scandens (L.) Holubvar. scandens1753. Polygonum scandens L.1867. Polygonum dumetorumvar. scandens A.Gray1913. Bilderdykia scandens Greene1913. Fagopyrum scandens H.Gross1967. Reynoutria scandens Shinners1971. Fallopia scandens Holub | Climbing false-buckwheatRenouée grimpante | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Fallopia scandens (L.) Holubvar. cristatum (Engelm. & A.Gray) H.R.Hinds1845. Polygonum cristatum Engelm. & A.Gray1904. Bilderdykia cristata Greene1952. P. scandensvar. cristatum Gleason1971. Fallopia cristata Holub2005. F. scandensvar. cristatum H.R.Hinds | Climbing false-buckwheat, Crested bindweed | Native, Likely secure | NYFA: 4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve1753. Polygonum convolvulus L. 1970. Fallopia convolvulus Á. Löve | Black bindweed, Wild buckwheat, Eurasian black bindweedRenouée liseron, Renouée faux-liseron, Chevrier | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized | NYFA: X NYFA: 53 counties ? counties | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub1762. Polygonum dumetorum L.1952. P. scandensvar. dumetorum Gleason1971. Fallopia dumetorum Holub | Climbing false buckwheat, Thicket bindweed, Copse-bindweed, Desert knotgrassRenouée des haies | Introduced, from Eurasia | NYFA: X | USDA-XN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Fallopia baldschuanica (Regel) Holub1885. Polygonum baldschuanicum Regel1907. Polygonum aubertii L.Henry1941. Reynoutria baldschuanica Moldenke1971. Fallopia baldschuanica Holub1971. Fallopia aubertii Holub | Bukhara fleeceflower, China fleece vine, Silver lace-vine, Mile-a-minute-vine, Russianvine | Introduced, Invasive,  NYIS: 51% | Kings (1992), Monroe, Orange(1990,96) NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Fallopia baldschuanica: Moderate (51%). ||||||

##### Reynoutria

* Reynoutria japonicaKnotweed (Reynoutria — syns. Polygonum and Fallopia) includes the very common Japanese knotweed (R. japonica var. japonica) and the less common giant knotweed (R. sachalinensis). The hybrid of the two (R. × bohemica or Bohemian knotweed), often occurs mixed in with Japanese knotweed. All three are considered to be very highly invasive in New York State.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Reynoutria :
| Genus Reynoutria | Knotweed | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Reynoutria japonica Houtt.var. japonica1777. Reynoutria japonica Houtt. 1846. Polygonum cuspidatum in… 1901. Polygonum reynoutria Makino illeg. 1919. Pleuropterus cuspidatus in… 1926. Reynoutria henryi Nakai 1946. Tiniaria japonica (Houtt.) Hedberg 1988. Fallopia japonica Ronse Decr. 2008. Polygonum japonicum in… | Japanese knotweed ⓘ Mexican bamboo ⓘ Japanese bamboo Fleeceflower Japanese winged-knotweed ⓘ Renouée du Japon | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 98%, Prohibited, CP-2 NE-1 | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai1859. Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt 1919. Reynoutria sachalinensis in… 1950. Tiniaria sachalinensis Janchen 1988. Fallopia sachalinensis Ronse Decr. | Giant knotweed ⓘ Sakhalin knotweed Sachaline knotweed Elephant-ear Giant winged-knotweed ⓘ Renouée de Sakhaline | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Very highly invasive,  NYIS: 98%, Prohibited, CP-3 | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková  Reynoutria japonica ×   Reynoutria sachalinensis1983. Reynoutria × bohemicaChrtek & Chrtková1989. Fallopia × bohemica J.P.Bailey2003. Polygonum × bohemicumZika & Jacobson | Bohemian knotweed, Hybrid Japanese  & giant knotweedRenouée de Bohème | Introduced, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 98%, Prohibited, CP-2 | Tompkins (2004) NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| 1 2 3 New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Fallopia spp.: Very highly invasive (98%). 1 2 3 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species 1 2 Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ↑ Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ||||||