# Flora of New York/Ericales

| ← Cornales | Flora of New York — Ericales | Flora of New York — Ericales | Flora of New York — Ericales | Flora of New York — Ericales | → Gentianales |
| ← Cornales | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Gentianales |

## Ericales introduction

* The order Ericales comprises 22 families (Actinidiaceae, Balsaminaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae, Diapensiaceae, Ebenaceae, Ericaceae, Fouquieriaceae, Lecythidaceae, Marcgraviaceae, Mitrastemonaceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Polemoniaceae, Primulaceae, Roridulaceae, Sapotaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Sladeniaceae, Styracaceae, Symplocaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Theaceae):
* Ericales
* balsaminoids
* Balsaminaceae—Impatiens (4 jewelweed spp.)
* Marcgraviaceae
* Tetrameristaceae
* Lecythidaceae
* Mitrastemonaceae
* polemonioids
* Fouquieriaceae
* Polemoniaceae
* Cobaeoideae
* Polemonioideae
* Polemonieae - Polemonium (2 Jacob's ladder spp.)
* Phlocideae - Phlox (6 phlox spp.)
* Gilieae
* Collomia
* Gilia
* Loeselieae
* primuloids
* Sapotaceae
* Ebenaceae
* Primulaceae
* Pentaphylacaceae
* Theaceae
* styracoids
* Symplocaceae
* Diapensiaceae
* Styracaceae
* sarracenioids
* Sarraceniaceae
* Actinidiaceae
* Roridulaceae
* ericoids
* Clethraceae
* Cyrillaceae
* Ericaceae
* ↑ From Figure 11.10. Phylogenetic relationships of Asterids with an emphasis on families within Ericales and Cornales. Soltis, Douglas; Soltis, Pamela; Endress, Peter; Chase, Mark W.; Manchester, Steven; Judd, Walter; Majure, Lucas; Mavrodiev, Evgeny (2018). Phylogeny and Evolution of the Angiosperms (p. 262). University of Chicago Press. Kindle Edition.
* ↑ Rose, Jeffrey P.; Kleist, Thomas J.; Löfstrand, Stefan D.; Drew, Bryan T.; Schönenberger, Jürg; Sytsma, Kenneth J. (2018-05-01). "Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and diversification of angiosperm order Ericales suggest ancient Neotropical and East Asian connections". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 122: 59–79. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.01.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29410353.
* ↑ Prather, L. & Ferguson, Carolyn & Jansen, Robert. (2000). Polemoniaceae Phylogeny and Classification: Implications of Sequence Data from the Chloroplast Gene ndhF. American journal of botany. 87. 1300-8. 10.2307/2656723.
| Order | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Genus | Common names | # |
| Ericales | Balsaminaceae | — | — | Impatiens | touch-me-not, jewelweed | 4 |
| Ericales | Polemoniaceae | Polemonioideae | Polemonieae | Polemonium | Jacob's ladder, charity | 2 |
| Ericales | Polemoniaceae | Polemonioideae | Phocideae | Phlox | phlox | 6 |
| Ericales | Polemoniaceae | Polemonioideae | Gilieae | Collomia | trumpet | 1 |
| Ericales | Polemoniaceae | Polemonioideae | Gilieae | Gilia | gilia | 1 |
| Ericales | Polemoniaceae | Polemonioideae | Loeselieae | Ipomopsis | red standing cypress | 1 |
| Ericales | Ebenaceae | Ebenoideae | — | Diospyros | persimmon | 1 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Theophrastoideae | Samoleae | Samolus | water pimpernel, brookweed | 1 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Primuloideae | — | Primula | primrose | 5 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Primuloideae | — | Dodecatheon | shooting star → Primula | — |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Primuloideae | — | Hottonia | featherfoil | 1 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Primuloideae | — | Androsace | rock-jasmine, pussytoes | 1 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Myrsinoideae | — | Anagallis | pimpernel | 1 |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Myrsinoideae | — | Trientalis | starflower → Lysimachia | — |
| Ericales | Primulaceae | Myrsinoideae | — | Lysimachia | yellow loosestrife | 14 |
| Ericales | Symplocaceae | — | — | Symplocos | sweetleaf | 2 |
| Ericales | Styracaceae | — | — | Halesia | silverbell | 2 |
| Ericales | Styracaceae | — | — | Styrax | snowbell | 2 |
| Ericales | Diapensiaceae | — | — | Diapensia | Lapland diapensia | 1 |
| Ericales | Diapensiaceae | — | — | Galax | beetleweed | 1 |
| Ericales | Diapensiaceae | — | — | Pyxidanthera | flowering moss, pyxies | 1 |
| Ericales | Sarraceniaceae | — | — | Sarracenia | pitcherplant, side-saddle plant | 1 |
| Ericales | Actinidiaceae | Actinidioideae | — | Actinidia | silver vine | 1 |
| Ericales | Clethraceae | — | — | Clethra | sweet pepperbush | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Pyroloideae | Pyroleae | Orthilia | one-sided wintergreen | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Pyroloideae | Pyroleae | Pyrola | wintergreen | 9 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Pyroloideae | Pyroleae | Moneses | single-delight, wintergreen | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Pyroloideae | Pyroleae | Chimaphila | prince's pine, wintergreen | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Monotropoideae | Monotropeae | Monotropa | Indian pipe, pinesap | 2 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Monotropoideae | Pterosporeae | Pterospora | pine drops, pinedrops | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Arbutoideae | — | Arctostaphylos | bearberry, kinnikinnick | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Harrimanelloideae | — | Harrimanella | moss bell-heather | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Ericoideae | Phyllodoceae | Epigaea | trailing arbutus, mayflower | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Ericoideae | Phyllodoceae | Kalmia | laurel, mountain laurel, sheep laurel | 5 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Ericoideae | Ericeae | Calluna | heather | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Ericoideae | Rhodoreae | Rhododendron | azalea, rhododendron, pinxter | 8 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Empetroideae | Empetreae | Empetrum | crowberry (black, purple, red) | 2 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Empetroideae | Empetreae | Corema | broom crowberry, poverty grass | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Oxydendreae | Oxydendrum | swamp-cranberry, sourwood | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Lyonieae | Lyonia | stagger bush, maleberry | 2 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Andromedeae | Andromeda | bog rosemary | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Gaultherieae | Chamaedaphne | leatherleaf | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Gaultherieae | Gaultheria | snowberry | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Gaultherieae | Eubotrys | fetterbush | 1 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Gaultherieae | Leucothoe | doghobble | 2 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Vaccinieae | Gaylussacia | huckleberry | 3 |
| Ericales | Ericaceae | Vaccinoideae | Vaccinieae | Vaccinium | blueberry, cranberry, deerberry, bilberry | 11 |

## Family Balsaminaceae

* The Balsaminaceae (balsam family) contains the two genera: Impatiens with about 1000 species and Hydrocera with a single species. Of these, four Impatiens species have been reported growing wild in New York.
* ↑ Balsaminaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
* ↑ Balsaminaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).
* ↑ P.F. Stevens, P. F. (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden, April 2015.

### Impatiens

* Jewelweed with bright white water droplets at the edges of the leaves.
* Of the four Impatiens species found outside of cultivation in New York, all are annual herbaceous plants The two native species, spotted jewelweed (Impatiens capensis) and pale jewelweed (Impatiens pallida), are common in wet wooded areas throughout much of the state.
* Two non-native Impatiens species may also be found, but are less common. Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) is considered to be moderately invasive in New York. Garden balsam (Impatiens balsamina has been reported, but whether it has truly naturalized in the state is in question.
Ericales — Balsaminaceae — Impatiens :
| Genus Impatiens | Touch-me-not | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Impatiens capensis Meerb.1775. Impatiens capensis  Meerb. 1788. Impatiens biflora  Walter 1813. Impatiens maculata  Muhl. (not validly publ.) 1818. Impatiens fulva  Nutt. 1849. Balsamina fulva  (Nutt.) Ser. 1910. Impatiens nortonii  Rydb. 1916. Chrysaea biflora  (Walter) Nieuwl. & Lunell 1967. Impatiens noli-tangere  ssp. biflora  (Walter) Hultén | Spotted jewelweed, Orange touch-me-not, Spotted touch-me-not, Spotted snapweedImpatiente du Cap, Chou sauvage, Impatiente biflore | Native, CoC: 3, Secure, S5 FACW Annual, Herb-forb | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Impatiens pallida Nutt.1803. Impatiens noli-tangere  Michx. (sensu auct.) 1813. Impatiens aurea  Muhl. 1818. Impatiens pallida  Nutt. 1904. Impatiens pallida  var. alba  Clute 1916. Chrysaea aurea  (Muhl.) Nieuwl. & Lunell | Pale jewel-weed, Pale snapweed, Pale touch-me-not, Yellow touch-me-notImpatiente pâle | Native, CoC: 3, Likely secure, S4, G5 FACW Annual, Herb-forb | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Impatiens glandulifera Royle1835. Impatiens glandulifera  Royle 1840. Impatiens glanduligera  Lindl. 1842. Impatiens roylei  Walp. (nom. superfl.) 1849. Balsamina roylei  (Walp.) Ser. 2021. Impatiens sulcata  var. glandulifera  (Royle) R.Kr.Singh & D.Borah | Ornamental jewelweed, Policeman's helmet, Himalayan balsam, Himalayan touch-me-notBalsamie de l'Himmalaya, Impatiente glanduleuse, Balsamine géante | Introduced from  India, Nepal,  Pakistan, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 67%, SNA, GNR Annual, Herb-forb | Columbia, Essex, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Schuyler, Sullivan NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Impatiens balsamina L.1753. Impatiens balsamina  L. 1790. Balsamina foemina  Gaertn. 1922. Impatiens giorgii  De Wild. 1962. Impatiens eriocarpa  Launert | Garden balsam, Garden touch-me-not, Spotted snapweed, Rose balsam | Introduced from  India, Myanmar, SNA, GNR UPL Annual, Herb-forb | Erie, Kings, Nassau, Suffolk NYFA: X | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Impatiens balfourii Hook. f.1903. Impatiens balfourii  Hook. f. 1928. Impatiens mathildae  Chiov. | Balfour’s touch-me-not ⓘ Kashmir Balsam ⓘ Poor Man's Orchid ⓘ Impatience de Balfour ⓘ Impatiente des jardins ⓘ | Introduced, Potentially invasive | NYFA: Xu NYFA: New York (2015) 2 counties | POWO Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Impatiens glandulifera: Moderate (67). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ||||||

## Family Polemoniaceae

The Polemoniaceae (phlox family).

### Subamily Polemonioideae
#### Tribe Polemonieae
##### Polemonium

* Polemonium reptansAlthough the New York Flora Atlas does not include Polemonium caeruleum, Go Botany reports that it has escaped cultivation in New England.
* ↑ Polemoniaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Polemoniaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Polemonieae :
| Genus Polemonium | Jacob's ladder | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polemonium reptans L. var. reptans | Common Jacob's-ladder, Creeping Jacob's-ladder, Spreading Jacob's-ladder, Greek valerian, CharityPolémoine rampante, Valériane grecque | Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Subshrub | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Polemonium vanbruntiae Britton | Vanbrunt's Jacob's ladder, Vanbrunt's polemonium, Bog Jacob's ladderPolémoine de Van-Brunt | Native, CoC: 7, Rare FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Polemonium (unlisted taxa) | Jacob's ladder | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Polemonium caeruleum L. | Blue Jacob's-ladder, Charity, Greek-valerianPolémoine bleue, Valériane grecque | Introduced from  Eurasia, Cultivated FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed Jefferson County 2017 | USDA- Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Phlocideae
##### Phlox

* The sectional classification of the genus Phlox used here (Wherry 1955, Grant 1959) is:
* Sect. Phlox (alpha-Phlox). Perennial herbs with soft deciduous leaves and long styles (P. glaberrima, P. paniculata, P. subulata...)
* Sect. Divaricatae (Protophlox). Perennial or annual herbs with soft deciduous leaves and short styles (P. divaricata, P. drummondii, P. nivalis, P. pilosa...)
* Sect. Occidentales (Microphlox). Cespitose or cushion-like subshrubs with stiff evergreen leaves and short styles. (P. caespitosa, P. hoodii, P. sibirica...)
* Of these sections, only the herbaceous North American sections Phlox and Divaricatae contain native or naturalized species reported in New York.
* ↑ Verne Grant (2001). "Nomenclature of the Main Subdivisions of Phlox (Polemoniaceae)." Lundellia 4:25, 2001.

###### Phlox sect. Divaricatae

* Phlox divaricataSect. Divaricatae contains perennial or annual herbs with soft deciduous leaves and short styles.
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Phlocideae — Phlox sect. Divaricatae :
| Genus Phlox sect. Divaricatae | Phlox | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Phlox divaricata L. ssp. divaricata | Timber phlox ⓘ Wild blue phlox ⓘ Woodland phlox | Native, CoC: 8, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Phlox pilosa L. ssp. pilosa1753. Phlox pilosa L. 1911. Phlox argillacea Clute & Ferriss 1931. Phlox pilosa  var. amplexicaulis  (Raf.) Wherry 1931. Phlox pilosa  var. virens  (Michx.) Wherry | Downy phlox | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, Impersistent, SH FACU Perennial, Herb-forb | | Niagara (1838) NYFA: 1z | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

###### Phlox sect. Phlox

* Phlox subulataSection Phlox contains perennial herbs with soft deciduous leaves and long styles, including native moss phlox (Phlox subulata), endangered wild sweet William (Phlox maculata), as well as common introduced garden phlox (Phlox paniculata).
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Phlocideae — Phlox sect. Phlox :
| Genus Phlox sect. Phlox | Phlox | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Phlox subulata L. ssp. subulata1753. Phlox subulata  L. 1823. Phlox aristata  Lodd. 1891. Armeria subulata  (L.) Kuntze | Moss phlox ⓘ Creeping phlox ⓘ Moss pink ⓘ Ground pink ⓘ Mountain phlox ⓘ | Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure, S4 Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Phlox maculata L. ssp. maculata1753. Phlox maculata L. | Wild sweet-william ⓘ Wild sweetwilliam ⓘ Meadow phlox ⓘ Spotted phlox ⓘ | Native, CoC: 7, Endangered, S2, G5 FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NX ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Phlox paniculata L.1753. Phlox paniculata L. 1813. Phlox acuminata Pursh 1813. Phlox decussata Lyon ex Pursh | Fall phlox | Introduced, US South native, SNA, G5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Sun | NYFA: X | USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Phlox stolonifera Sims1892. Phlox stolonifera Sims | Creeping phlox ⓘ Cherokee phlox ⓘ | Introduced, US South native, Not naturalized, SNA, G4-5 Perennial, Herb-forb | Fulton, Rensselaer (1947) NYFA: X | USDA- Go Botany ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Gilieae
##### Collomia

* Collomia linearisCollomia species, commonly known as trumpets or mountain trumpets, are native to western North America. Of these the only species reported in the northeast is the tiny trumpet (Collomia linearis).
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Gilieae — Collomia :
| Genus Collomia | Trumpet | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Collomia linearis (Cav.) Nutt.1800. Phlox linearis Cav. 1818. Collomia linearis (Cav.) Nutt. 1882. Gilia linearis (Nutt.) A. Gray 1891. Navarretia linearis (Nutt.) Kuntze | Tiny trumpet Narrow-leaved collomia ⓘ Narrow leaved collomia Narrow-leaved mountain-trumpet ⓘ Slenderleaf collomia | Introduced from  western N. America, N. America native, Impersistent, Not naturalized, SNA, G5 FACU-UPL Annual, Herb-forb | | Cattaraugus (1899) NYFA: Xm | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

##### Gilia

* Gilia achilleifoliaAbout 35 Gilia species are native to western North America. Of these, only a few have been reported in the northeast. The New York Flora Atlas shows only Gilia achilleifolia (California gilia), collected in Brooklyn in 1880.
* Although excluded by the New York Flora Atlas, "reaserch-grade" iNaturalist observations of Gilia capitata (bluehead gilia) were made in 2020 in Nassau County and in 2021 in Ulster County.
* ↑ Gilia capitata (Bluehead Gilia) iNaturalist observation, West Hempstead, NY, Jun 9, 2020
* ↑ Gilia capitata (Bluehead Gilia) iNaturalist observation, Kingson, NY, Jun 13, 2021
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Gilieae — Gilia :
| Genus Gilia | Gilia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Gilia achilleifolia Benth.ssp. achilleifolia1833. Gilia achilleifolia Benth. | California gilia, Blue gilia | Introduced from  California, N. America native, Impersistent, SNA Annual, Herb-forb | | Kings (1880) NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Go Botany ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Gilia (excluded taxa) | Gilia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Gilia capitata Sims1826. Gilia capitata Sims 1891. Navarretia capitata (Sims) Kuntze | Bluehead gilia ⓘ Gillyflower ⓘ Field gilia ⓘ | Introduced, N. America native, Excluded | | Nassau (2020), Ulster (2021) NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NX Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Loeselieae
###### Ipomopsis

* Ipomopsis rubra
Ericales — Polemoniaceae — Polemonioideae — Loeselieae — Ipomopsis :
| Genus Ipomopsis (excluded taxa) | Ipomopsis | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry1753. Polemonium rubrum L. 1891. Navarretia rubra (L.) Kuntze 1895. Gilia rubra (L.) Heller 1936. Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry | Red standing-cypress Standing-cypress | N. America native  southern U.S., N.Y. excluded | | excluded NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

## Family Ebenaceae

* The Ebenaceae (ebony family) is primarily a tropical and warmer-temperate family of trees and shrubs. Its only species reported outside of cultivation in New York is the American persimmon tree, which consists mainly of escapes from cultivation. It is believed that the only native persimmon trees in the state are on Staten Island (Richmond County) and Long Island (Nassau and Suffolk Counties).
* ↑ Ebenaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
* ↑ Ebenaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

### Subfamily Ebenoideae
#### Diospyros

* American Persimmons (Diospyros virginiana) in Tampa, FloridaDiospyros is primarily a tropical genus of trees, known generally as ebony, but Diospyros virginiana (persimmon) is native to the central and eastern United States, including New York.
* In New York State, the only known native persimmon populations are in New York City and Long Island. Most of the naturalized trees in the state are assumed to be garden escapes.
* The genus name Diospyros was derived from the Greek dios (divine) and pyros (wheat or grain) in reference to the tree's "divine fruit."
* Persimmons are dioecious, requiring the presence of both male and female trees to produce fruit.
* ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Diospyros virginiana. Threatened, S2/G5.
Ericales — Ebenaceae — Ebenoideae — Diospyros :
| Genus Diospyros | Persimmon | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Diospyros virginiana L.1753. Diospyros virginiana L. in Sp. Pl.:1057 1817. Diospyros caroliniana Muhl. ex Raf. in Fl. Ludov.:139 1834. Diospyros persimon Wikstr. in Jahresber. Königl. Schwed. Akad. Wiss. Fortschr. Bot. 1838. Persimon virginiana (L.) Raf. in Sylva Tellur.:164 1840. Diospyros angustifolia Audib. ex Spach in Hist. Nat. Vég. 9:405 1921. Diospyros mosieri Small in J. New York Bot. Gard. 22:33 1921. Diospyros virginiana var. mosieri (Small) Sarg. in J. Arnold Arbor. 2(3): 170. | Persimmon, Common persimmon, American persimmonPlaqueminier d'Amérique | Native, CoC: 8, Threatened, S2, G5, NYNHP: S2 FAC Perennial, Tree, Heliophily: 6 Part shade, 2n = 60, 90 | | NYFA: 8 counties iNat: 13 counties | USDA-N0 FSUS Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ MBG Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Diospyros virginiana. ||||||

## Family Primulaceae

* The Primulaceae Batsch ex Borkh. (primrose family). Note that this family does not include evening primroses (Oenothera), which are in the Onagraceae (evening primrose or willowherb family) in the order Myrtales.
* The classification used here for Primulaceae is based primariliy on P. F. Stevens (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015.
* ↑ Primulaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Primulaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

### Subfamily Theophrastoideae

The Theophrastoideae (brookweeds &&) ...

#### Tribe Samoleae

The Samoleae (brookweeds) ...

##### Samolus

* Samolus valerandi flowersThe native Samolus valerandi (Water pimpernel) is the only species of the genus Samolus reported in the wild in New York.
Ericales — Primulaceae — Theophrastoideae — Samoleae — Samolus :
| Genus Samolus | Brookweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Samolus valerandi L.1753. Samolus valerandi L. 1818-1. S. parviflorus Raf. 1818-2. S. floribundus Kunth 1825. S. americanus Spreng. 1971. S. valerandi  ssp. parviflorus  Hultén | Water pimpernel Brookweed Seaside brookweed ⓘ | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Primuloideae
#### Primula
##### Primula subg. Aleuritia

* Lake Mistassini primrose, photographed in Wisconsin The only native species of Primula subg. Aleuritia is Lake Mistassini primrose or bird's eye primrose. Lake Mistassini is the largest natural lake in Quebec. Mistassini primrose is rare this far south. It is considered threatened in New York, where it is found only on cool wet cliff faces.
* The only non-native member of subg. Aleuritia reported to have naturalized in New York is Japanese primrose, which has been found in Onondaga and Otsego counties.
* ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Primula mistassinica. Threatened, S2/G5.
Ericales — Primulaceae — Primuloideae — Primula subg. Aleuritia :
| Genus Primula subg. Aleuritia sect. Aleuritia | Primrose | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Primula mistassinica Michx.1803. Primula mistassinica Michx. 1888. Primula farinosa  var. mistassinica  (Michx.) Pax 1894. Primula sibirica  var. mistassinica  (Michx.) Kurtz 1905. Primula farinosa  ssp. mistassinica  (Michx.) Pax 1928. Primula intercedens Fernald 1928. Primula mistassinica  var. intercedens  Fernald 1966. Primula mistassinica  var. intercedens  B.Boivin | Lake Mistassini primrose ⓘ Bird's-eye primrose ⓘ Mistassini primrose ⓘ Dwarf Canadian primrose ⓘ Primevère du lac Mistassini ⓘ Primevère de Mistassini ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, NYNHP: 2 FACW Perennial, Herb-forb, Shade | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Primula subg. Aleuritia sect. Proliferae | Primrose | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Primula japonica A.Gray1858. Primula japonica A.Gray 1980. Aleuritia japonica (A.Gray) Soják | Japanese primrosePrimevère du Japon | Introduced from  Japan, Highly invasive, Naturalized | | NYFA: X NYFA: 2 counties GBIF 6 counties | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Primula mistassinica. Threatened, S2/G5. ||||||

##### Primula subg. Primula

* Primula veris - cowslip
Ericales — Primulaceae — Primuloideae — Primula subg. Primula :
| Genus Primula subg. Primula sect. Primula | Primrose | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Primula veris L.1753. Primula veris L. 1765. Primula officinalis (L.) Hill | Cowslip, Cowslip primrosePrimevère officinale | Introduced from  Europe,  temperate w. Asia, Naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-XW VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Primula subg. Primula sect. Primula (excluded taxa) | Primrose | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Primula × polyantha Mill.  Primula veris ×   Primula vulgaris | Elatior hybrid primrose, False oxlip | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Only cultivated | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XX VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

##### Primula subg. Auriculastrum

* Primula meadia (L.) A.R.Mast & Reveal sooting starBased on molecular evidence, A. R. Mast & Reveal, in 2006, transferred the 17 species of genus Dodecatheon (the sooting stars) to a new sect. Dodecatheon in Primula subg. Auriculastrum. The transfer included the only (and impersistent) New York native, Primula meadia (Eastern shooting star). The shooting stars are still listed in genus Dodecatheon by many sources.
* The New York Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Status List - Active Inventory List listed
* in 2004: Dodecatheon meadia ssp. meadia (Shooting-star) STEU-X G5T5 SX U
* in 2022: Primula meadia (Eastern Shooting Star) STEU-X G5 SX U
* in 2023: Primula meadia (Eastern Shooting Star) STEU-X G5 SX U
* ↑ Austin R. Mast and James L. Reveal (2007). "Transfer of Dodecatheon to Primula (Primulaceae)." Brittonia, The New York Botanical Garden. 59(1):79-82. 2007.
* ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program 2004 Rare Plant Status List - Active Inventory List.
* ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program 2022 Rare Plant Status List - Active Inventory List.
* ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program 2023 Rare Plant Status List - Active Inventory List.
Ericales — Primulaceae — Primuloideae — Primula subg. Auriculastrum :
| Genus Primula subg. Auriculastrum sect. Dodecatheon | Shooting-star | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Primula meadia (L.) A.R.Mast & Reveal1753. Dodecatheon meadia  L. 1768. Meadia dodecatheon  Mill. 1818. Dodecatheon angustifolium  Raf. 1903. Dodecatheon hugeri  Small 1903. Dodecatheon brachycarpum  Small 2007. Primula meadia  A.R.Mast & Reveal In: Brittonia 59(1):81 | Eastern shooting star, Shooting star, Pride of Ohio, American cowslip, Mead's shootingstarGyroselle de Virginie | Native, CoC: 10, Extirpated, SX, G5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Heliophily: 5 | | NYFA: Steuben iNat: 7 counties GBIF: present in NY | USDA-NN POWO FSUS Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Hottonia

Ericales — Primulaceae — Primuloideae — Hottonia :
| Genus Hottonia | Hottonia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Hottonia inflata Elliott 1817 | American featherfoil, Featherfoil, Hottonie enflée | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Androsace

Ericales — Primulaceae — Primuloideae — Androsace :
| Genus Androsace | Rock jasmine | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Androsace maxima L. | Androsace, Greater rock-jasmine, Pussy-toes | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Myrsinoideae

* The Myrsinoideae subfamily has previously been grouped into its own family (Myrsinaceae). It contains about 35 genera worldwide, but of those, only Lysimachia is known to be native or naturlized in New York. The genera Anagallis and Trientalis are now treated as part of Lysimachia.
* ↑ U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg (2009). "New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera and Trientalis." Willdenowia 39:51.

#### Lysimachia

* The grouping used here for genus Lysimachia is based on Anderberg (2007).
* ↑ A. A. Anderberg, U. Manns, and M. Källersjö (2007). "Phylogeny and floral evolution of the Lysimachieae (Ericales, Myrsinaceae): evidence from ndhF sequence data." Willdenowia 37:407-421.

##### Lysimachia subg. Trientalis

* Lysimachia borealisBased on phylogenetic research, members of the genus Trientalis (starflowers) were transferred to this subgenus in 2009 by U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg.
* ↑ U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg (2009). "New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera and Trientalis." Willdenowia 39:51. [Trientalis borealis Raf. = Lysimachia borealis (Raf.) U.Manns & Anderb., comb. nov.].
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Trientalis :
| Genus Lysimachia subg. Trientalis | Starflower | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lysimachia borealis (Raf.) U.Manns & Anderb.1803. Trientalis europaea  Michx non L. 1753 1805. Trientalis europaea  var. americana  Pers. 1808. Trientalis borealis  Raf. 1813. Trientalis americana  Pursh 1872. Lysimachia trientalis  var. americana  (Pursh) Klatt 1924. Trientalis borealis  var. tenuifolia  House 2009. Lysimachia borealis  (Raf.) U.Manns & Anderb. | Northern starflower | Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5 G5 FAC | | NYFA: 49 counties iNat | USDA-NN POWO Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia group A

* Lysimachia hybrida at Alley Park in Queens photographed by Zihao WangLysimachia subg. Lysimachia group A contains the two New-World sections:
* Sect. Seleucia (Lysimachia ciliata, L. quadriflora and L. hybrida)
* Sect. Theopyxis (Lysimachia andina, a South American species).
* The New York species of group A are in sect. Seleucia.
* ↑ U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg (2009). "New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera and Trientalis." Willdenowia 39:51.
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia :
| Genus Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia sect. Seleucia | Yellow-loosestrife | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lysimachia ciliata L.1753. Lysimachia ciliata L. 1843. Steironema ciliatum  (L.) Baudo 1891. Nummularia ciliata  (L.) Kuntze | Fringed loosestrife, Fringed yellow loosestrife, Ciliate loosestrifeLysimaque ciliée, Lysimaque fimbriée, Stéironéma cilié | Native, CoC: 4, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia hybrida Michx.1788. Lysimachia ciliata  Walter non L. (nom. illeg) 1803. Lysimachia hybrida Michx. 1860. Lysimachia ciliata  var. hybrida  (Michx.) Chapm. 1876. Lysimachia lanceolata  var. hybrida  (Michx.) A.Gray 1877. Steironema lanceolatum  (Walter) A.Gray (misapplied) 1877. Steironema lanceolatum  var. hybridum  (Michx.) A.Gray 1901. Steironema laevigatum  Howell 1903. Steironema hybridum  (Michx.) Raf. ex Small 1913. Steironema validulum  Greene ex Wooton & Standl. 1939. Lysimachia ciliata  var. validula  Kearney & Peebles | Lowland loosestrife ⓘ Lance-leaved loosestrife Lowland yellow loosestrife Mississippi loosestrife Swamp candles Lysimaque hybride | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 1 NYFA: 11 counties iNat 2 counties | USDA-NN POWO Go Botany ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia quadriflora Sims1803. Lysimachia quadriflora Sims 1813. Lysimachia longifolia  Pursh 1892. Steironema quadriflorum  (Sims) C.L.Hitchc. 1913. Nummularia quadriflora  (Sims) Farw. | Linear-leaved loosestrife, Linear-leaf loosestrife, Four-flowered loosestrife, Fourflower yellow loosestrife, Linear-leaf loosestrife | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5? OBL-FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 1 NYFA: Erie, Niagara iNat No observations | USDA-NN POWO ITIS Images Wikispecies |

##### Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia group B

* Lysimachia nummularia  L. - moneywort or creeping JennyLysimachia subg. Lysimachia group B contains two members of sect. Nummularia, which are introduced species that are listed as moderately invasive in New York: Lysimachia nummularia (moneywort or creeping Jenny), and Lysimachia punctata (spotted loosestrife).
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia :
| Genus Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia sect. Nummularia | Yellow-loosestrife | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lysimachia nummularia L.1753. Lysimachia nummularia L. | Moneywort Creeping Jenny Creeping loosestrife Creeping yellow loosestrife Lysimaque nummulaire ⓘ Herbe-aux-écus ⓘ Monnayère ⓘ | Introduced from  temperate Eurasia, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 64% Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia punctata L.1753. Lysimachia punctata L.    L. punctatavar. verticillata Klatt | Spotted loosestrife, Large yellow loosestrife | Introduced from  temperate Eurasia, Moderately invasive,  NYIS: 57% | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Lysimachia nummularia: Moderate (64). ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Lysimachia punctata: Moderate (57). ||||||

##### Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia group C

* Blue form of Lysimachia arvensisBased on phylogenetic research, Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) was transferred to this subgenus in 2009 by U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg.
* ↑ U. Manns & A. A. Anderberg (2009). "New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera and Trientalis." Willdenowia 39:51. [Anagallis arvensis L. = Lysimachia arvensis (Raf.) U.Manns & Anderb., comb. nov.].
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia :
| Genus Lysimachia  subg. Lysimachia | Pimpernel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY /NPT |
| Lysimachia arvensis (L.) U.Manns & Anderb.1753. Anagallis arvensis  L. 1759. Anagallis caerulea  L. 1764. Anagallis arvensis  var. caerulea  (L.) Gouan 1927. Anagallis arvensis  f. caerulea  (L.) Lüdi 2009. Lysimachia arvensis  (L.) U.Manns & Anderb. | Scarlet pimpernel, Poor-man's weatherglass, Shepherd's clock, Scarlet yellow-loosestrife, Common pimpernelMouron rouge, Mouron des champs | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: ,  USGS: L48 established FACU-UPL Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: X GBIF | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

##### Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia group E

* Lysimachia terrestrisLysimachia subg. Lysimachia group E
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia :
| Genus Lysimachia subg. Lysimachia sect. Lysimachia | Yellow-loosestrife | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lysimachia terrestris (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.1753. Viscum terrestre  L. 1788. Lysimachia vulgaris  Walter (sensu auct) 1789. Lysimachia stricta  Aiton 1789. Lysimachia bulbifera  Curtis 1792. Lysimachia racemosa  Lam. 1836. Lysimachia michauxii  F.Dietr. 1888. Lysimachia terrestris  (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. 1922. Lysimachia terrestris  var. ovata  (E.L.Rand & Redfield) Fernald | Swamp candles, Swamp loosestrife, Swamp yellow loosestrife, Bog loosestrife, Bulblet loosestrife, Earth loosestrife, Lake loosestrifeLysimaque terrestre | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia quadrifolia L.1753. Lysimachia quadrifolia  L. 1777. Anagallis flava  Houtt. 1788. Lysimachia punctata  Walter 1803. Lysimachia hirsuta  Michx. 1894. Lysimachia quadrifolia  var. variegata  Peck 1924. Lysimachia quadrifolia  f. variegata  (Peck) House | Whorled loosestrife | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. (1753)    Naumburgia thyrsiflora (L.) Duby | Tufted loosestrife, Tufted yellow loosestrife, Water loosestrife, Swamp loosestrife, Lysimaque thyrsiflore | Native, Likely secure | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia × commixta Fernald  Lysimachia terrestris ×   Lysimachia thyrsiflora | Hybrid of  Swamp loosestrife &  Tufted loosestrife | Native, Threatened | NYFA: 2? | Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia × producta (A. Gray) Fernald (pro sp.)  Lysimachia quadrifolia ×   Lysimachia terrestris | Hybrid of  Whorled loosestrife &  Swamp loosestrife | Native, Vulnerable | NYFA: 3? | Images Wikispecies |
| Lysimachia vulgaris L.1753. Lysimachia vulgaris L. | Garden loosestrife, Garden yellow loosestrifeLysimaque commune | Introduced, Highly invasive,  NYIS: 73%, Prohibited | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Lysimachia vulgaris: Moderate (73). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species ||||||

##### Lysimachia subg. Palladia + Lysimachiopsis

* Lysimachia clethroidesThe Lysimachia subgenera Palladia and Lysimachiopsis together are thought to form a clade but may be paraphyletic with each other. The only New York species of this group appears to be the Asian introducion Lysimachia clethroides (goose-neck loosestrife).
* ↑ A. A. Anderberg, U. Manns, and M. Källersjö (2007). "Phylogeny and floral evolution of the Lysimachieae (Ericales, Myrsinaceae): evidence from ndhF sequence data." Willdenowia 37:407-421.
Ericales — Primulaceae — Myrsinoideae — Lysimachia subg. Palladia + Lysimachiopsis :
| Genus Lysimachia subg. Palladia + Lysimachiopsis | Loosestrife | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lysimachia clethroides Duby1844. Lysimachia clethroides Duby | Goose-neck loosestrife ⓘ Gooseneck loosestrife ⓘ Gooseneck yellow loosestrife ⓘ Lysimaque faux-clèthre ⓘ | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Potentially invasive,  NYIS: not assessed | | NYFA: Xm NYFA: 6 counties iNat GBIF 9+ counties | USDA-XX VASCAN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Lysimachia clethroides: Not Assessable (NA). ||||||

## Family Symplocaceae

The Symplocaceae (sweetleaf family).

### Symplocos

* Symplocos paniculataSweetleaf.
* ↑ Symplocaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
Ericales — Symplocaceae — Symplocos :
| Genus Symplocos | Sweetleaf | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L'Hér.1767. Hopea tinctoria L. 1791. Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L'Hér. 1879. Protohopea tinctoria (L.) Miers 1891. Eugeniodes tinctorium (L.) Kuntze | Sweetleaf ⓘ Sweet-leaf Common sweetleaf Horsesugar ⓘ Horse-sugar | Introduced, US South native | | NYFA: X NYFA: Suffolk iNat Cultivated NYC | USDA-N0 Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq.1784. Prunus paniculata Thunb. 1867. Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq. | Sapphire berry Sapphire-berry ⓘ Asiatic sweetleaf | Introduced, Highly invasive,  NYIS Tier: 2,  USGS: L48 established | | NYFA: X NYFA: Nassau county iNat GBIF 4 counties | USDA-X0 BONAP Images Wikispecies |

## Family Styracaceae

* The Styracaceae (snowbell family) contains snowbells and silverbell trees.
* ↑ Styracaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Styracaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

### Halesia

* Halesia carolina
Ericales — Styracaceae — Halesia :
| Genus Halesia | Silverbell | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Halesia carolina L.1759. Halesia carolina L.1761. Halesia tetraptera J.Ellis1803. Halesia parviflora Michx.1914. Halesia carolinavar. monticola Rehder1921. Halesia monticola (Rehder) Sarg. | Silver bells, Possomwood, Carolina silverbell | Introduced, US South native Perennial, Tree | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Styrax

Ericales — Styracaceae — Styrax :
| Genus Styrax | Snowbell | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Styrax americanus Lam.1783. Styrax americanus Lam.1803. Styrax pulverulentus Michx.1917. Styrax americanusvar. pulverulentus Rehder | American snowbell, Mock orange | Introduced, US South native, Cultivated | | NYFA: 0 | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Styrax japonicus Sieb. & Zucc. | Japanese snowbell, Japanese storax | Introduced | | NYFA: X NYFA: 2 counties GBIF 6 counties | USDA-X0 ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

## Family Diapensiaceae

The Diapensiaceae (diapensia family).

### Diapensia

Ericales — Diapensiaceae — Diapensia :
| Genus Diapensia | Diapensia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Diapensia lapponica L.ssp. lapponica | Lapland diapensia, Pincushion plant | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | USDA- Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Diapensiaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Diapensiaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013). ||||||

### Galax

* Galax urceolata beetleweedGalax (beetleweed) is an eastern North America native, but is considered to be an introduction in the Northeast. It is cultivated as a "native" groundcover and may persist as an escapee on Long Island, but is not considered to be truly naturalized in New York State.
Ericales — Diapensiaceae — Galax :
| Genus Galax | Galax | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Galax urceolata (Poir.) Brummitt auct. Galax aphylla non L. | Beetleweed | Introduced, US South native, Not naturalized, Nassau, Suffolk Counties | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS FNA LBJ Images Wikispecies |

### Pyxidanthera

* Pyxidanthera barbulata pyxie mossBoth species of Pyxidanthera (pixie moss) are rare natives of the east coast. The smaller P. brevifolia (little-leaf pixiemoss) is only found in the Carolinas, but the larger P. barbulata (flowering pixiemoss) can be found as far north as Long Island, where it is considered endangered.
Ericales — Diapensiaceae — Pyxidanthera :
| Genus Pyxidanthera | Pyxie moss | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pyxidanthera barbulata Michx. | Common pyxiemoss, Flowering moss, Flowering pixiemoss, Big pyxie, Pyxies | Native, CoC: 6, Endangered, Suffolk County only Perennial, Herb-subshrub | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-N0 ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

## Family Sarraceniaceae

* The Sarraceniaceae (pitcher-plant family) are carnivorous plants, consisting of three New-World genera. The largest genus, Heliamphora, is endemic to South America, and the monospecific Darlingtonia is native to the West Coast of the U.S. The third genus, Sarracenia, with about eight species, is native to eastern North America.
* ↑ Sarraceniaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

### Sarracenia

* Sarracenia purpurea purple pitcher-plantThe most widespread and only cold-tolerant species of Sarracenia is Sarracenia purpurea (the purple pitcher plant). Of its two subspecies, S. purpurea ssp. venosa is only found south of New York, but S. purpurea ssp. purpurea is fairly widespread in New York peatlands as well as farther north.
Ericales — Sarraceniaceae — Sarracenia :
| Genus Sarracenia | Pitcher plant | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Sarracenia purpurea L.ssp. purpurea1753. Sarracenia purpurea L.1827. S. purpureavar. terrae-novae1933. S. purpureassp. gibbosa1933. S. purpureavar. stolonifera1951. S. purpureavar. ripicola | Purple pitcher-plant, Northern pitcher-plant, Side-saddle plant, Common pitcherplant, Huntsman's-cup, Huntsman's horn, Decumbent pitcher plant, Frog's-britchesSarracénie pourpre | Native, CoC: 9, Vulnerable OBL Perennial, Herb-forb, Sun | | NYFA: 3-4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |

## Family Actinidiaceae

* The Actinidiaceae (Chinese gooseberry family) has only two species that have been found outside of cultivation in New York. Only one of these are considered to be naturalized.
* ↑ Actinidiaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

### Actinidia

* Actinidia arguta taravine or hardy kiwi
Ericales — Actinidiaceae — Actinidioideae — Actinidia :
| Genus Actinidia | Kiwifruit | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.1867. Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. | Hardy kiwi ⓘ Baby kiwi ⓘ Tara vine ⓘ Taravine ⓘ | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Highly invasive,  NYIS Tier: 2,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: , Naturalized | | NYFA: Xn NYFA: Westchester (2013) 2 counties | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Maxim.1843. Trochostigma polygamum Siebold & Zucc.1859. Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Maxim. | Silver vine, Cat powder, Matatabi | Introduced from  temperate Asia, Potentially invasive,  iMapInvasives, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

## Family Clethraceae

* The Clethraceae (clethra family) contains just two species, only one of which (Clethra) is found in New York.
* ↑ Clethraceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

### Clethra

* Clethra alnifoliaClethra contains two North American species:
* Clethra acuminata, mountain pepperbush, is limited to the Appalachians from Alabama to southern Pennsylvania, and has not been known to naturalize as far north as New York State.
* Clethra alnifolia, coastal sweet pepperbush, is found primarily along the East Coast, including parts of New York, particularly in wet acidic environments.
* Clethra alnifolia cultivars are available and are usually either more compact than the wild form or have pink flowers.
* ↑ Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service, Home & Garden Information Center, Clemson, South Carolina.
Ericales — Clethraceae — Clethra :
| Genus Clethra | Sweetpepperbush | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Clethra alnifolia L.1753. Clethra alnifolia  L. 1786. Clethra tomentosa  Lam. 1789. Clethra paniculata  Aiton 1803. Clethra alnifolia  var. tomentosa  Michx. 1803. Clethra alnifolia  var. glabella  Michx. 1900. Clethra alnifolia  var. paniculata  Rehder 1903. Clethra alnifolia  var. michauxii  Zabel | Coastal sweet-pepperbush, Coast pepperbush, Sweet Pepperbush, Summersweet, Summersweet clethra, Pink spires (cv.), Anne Bidwell (cv.)Clèthre à feuilles d'aulne | Native, CoC: 7, Secure FAC Perennial, Shrub, Sun - shade | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN LBJ Images Wikispecies |

## Family Ericaceae

* The Ericaceae (heath family).
* ↑ Ericaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Ericaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).
* ↑ The subfamily (and tribal) organization used here is from of James L. Reveal (2012) An outline of a classification scheme for extant flowering plants. Phytoneuron 2012–37: 1–221.

### Subfamily Pyroloideae

* The subfamily Pyroloideae Kosteltsky. Perennial herbs, rhizomatous.

#### Tribe Pyroleae

* The native New York Pyroleae consist of about nine species of "wintergreen" or "shineleaf" plants. The organization of the Pyroleae used here is based primarily on Liu (2011).
* ↑ Zhen-wen Liu, Ze-huan Wang, Jing Zhou, Hua Peng (2011). "Phylogeny of Pyroleae (Ericaceae): implications for character evolution." Journal of Plant Research May 2011, Volume 124, Issue 3, pp 325-337.

##### Orthilia

Ericales — Ericaceae — Pyroloideae — Pyroleae — Orthilia :
| Genus Orthilia | Orthilia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Orthilia secunda (L.) House1753. Pyrola secunda L.1858. Ramischia secunda (L.) Garcke1914. Ramischia elatior Rydb.1921. Orthilia secunda (L.) House | One-sided wintergreen, Sidebells wintergreen | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies |

##### Pyrola

* Pyrola (wintergreen) photos from the 1918 Wild Flowers of New YorkNew York Pyrola species go by the various colloquial names: wintergreen, shinleaf, or sometimes shineleaf.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Pyroloideae — Pyroleae — Pyrola :
| Genus Pyrola | Wintergreen | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pyrola americana Sweet1830. Pyrola americana Sweet 1844. Pyrola obovata Bertol.  auct. Pyrola rotundifolia p.p. non L. 1920. Pyrola rotundifolia  var. americana  Fernald 1966. Pyrola asarifolia  ssp. americana  Křísa | American wintergreen American shinleaf Wild lily-of-the-valley Round-leaved shineleaf Round-leaved wintergreen Pyrole d'Amérique Pyrole à feuilles rondes | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Pyrola chlorantha Sw.1810. Pyrola chlorantha Sw. 1811. Pyrola virens Schweigg. 1867. Pyrola oxypetala Austin ex A. Gray 1920. Pyrola chlorantha  var. convoluta  (W.P.C. Barton) Fernald 1920. Pyrola chlorantha  var. paucifolia  Fernald 1920. Pyrola chlorantha  var. revoluta  Jenn. 1941. Pyrola virens  var. convoluta  (W.P.C. Barton) Fernald 1941. Pyrola virens  var. saximontana  (Fernald) Fernald | Green-flowered wintergreen, Green-flowered shineleaf, Greenish-flowered wintergreen, Pale-green wintergreen | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Pyrola elliptica Nutt. | Shinleaf, Waxflower shinleaf, Large-leaved shineleaf, Elliptic shineleaf | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Pyrola asarifolia Michx.ssp. asarifoliayyyy. Pyrola californica Krísa yyyy. Pyrola elata Nutt. yyyy. Pyrola uliginosa Torr. & A. Gray ex Torr. yyyy. Pyrola uliginosa  var. gracilis  Jennings yyyy. Pyrola asarifolia  var. asarifolia  {{{5}}} yyyy. Pyrola asarifolia  var. incarnata  (DC.) Fernald yyyy. Pyrola asarifolia  var. ovata  Farw. yyyy. Pyrola asarifolia  var. purpurea  (Bunge)Fernald yyyy. Pyrola rotundifolia  ssp. asarifolia  (Michx.) Á. Löve & D. Löve | Pink shinleaf ⓘ Pink wintergreen ⓘ Bog wintergreen ⓘ Liverleaf wintergreen ⓘ Pink pyrola ⓘ Pyrole à feuilles d'asaret ⓘ | Native, Threatened | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Pyrola minor L. | Snowline wintergreen, Lesser wintergreen | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | Images Wikispecies |

##### Moneses

Ericales — Ericaceae — Pyroloideae — Pyroleae — Moneses :
| Genus Moneses | Single-delight | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Moneses uniflora (L.) A.Gray    Pyrola uniflora L. | One-flowered wintergreen | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Chimaphila

Ericales — Ericaceae — Pyroloideae — Pyroleae — Chimaphila :
| Genus Chimaphila | Prince's-pine | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P.C.Barton1753. Pyrola umbellata L. 1817. Chimaphila umbellata W.P.C.Barton 1891. Pseva umbellata (L.) Kuntze | Common wintergreen, Pipsissewa, Noble prince's-pine | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh | Spotted wintergreen, Striped prince's pine | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Monotropoideae

* The subfamily Monotropoideae consists exclusively of taxa which are both herbaceous and achlorophyllous. Because they are symbiotic with mycorrhizal fungi and a photosynthetic host, these taxa are known as mycoheterotrophs.
* ↑ Broe, Michael Brian (2014) Phylogenetics of the Monotropoideae (Ericaceae) with Special Focus on the Genus Hypopitys Hill, together with a Novel Approach to Phylogenetic Inference Using Lattice Theory.

#### Tribe Monotropeae

Monotropeae are mycotrophs, which are parasitic plants that obtain their nutrients trough fungi instead photosynthesis.

##### Monotropa

* Monotropa
Ericales — Ericaceae — Monotropoideae — Monotropeae — Monotropa :
| Genus Monotropa | Indianpipe | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Monotropa uniflora L.1753. Monotropa uniflora L.1927. Monotropa brittonii Small | Indian-pipe, One-flowered Indian pipe, Ghost pipe, Convulsion rootMonotrope uniflore, Monotrope à une fleur | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |

##### Hypopitys

* Hypopitys monotropa - pinesapHypopitys is often included in Monotropa (above).
* ↑ Broe, Michael Brian (2014) Phylogenetics of the Monotropoideae (Ericaceae) with Special Focus on the Genus Hypopitys Hill, together with a Novel Approach to Phylogenetic Inference Using Lattice Theory.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Monotropoideae — Monotropeae — Hypopitys :
| Genus Hypopitys | Pinesap | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Hypopitys monotropa Crantz1753. Monotropa hypopitys L.1766. Hypopitys monotropa Crantz1772. Hypopitys multiflora Scop.1803. Monotropa lanuginosa Michx.1810. Hypopitys lanuginosa (Michx.) Raf.1843. Hypopitys americana (DC.) Small1894. Hypopitys hypopitys (L.) Small taut.1897. Hypopitys multiflora (Scop.) Fritsch1901. Hypopitys fimbriata (A.Gray) Howell1910. M. hypopitysvar. lanuginosa Purah. | Pinesap, American pinesap, Yellow pinesap, Yellow bird's-nest, False beechdropsMonotrope du pin, Monotrope à grappe | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Hypopitys lanuginosa (Michx.) Raf.1803. Monotropa lanuginosa Michx. 1810. Hypopitys lanuginosa (Michx.) Raf. 1818. H. lanuginosa (Michx.) Nutt. isonym 1910. Monotropa hypopitys  ssp. lanuginosa  (Michx.) Purah. 1956. Monotropa hypopitys  ssp. lanuginosa  (Michx.) H.Hara | Red pinesap hairy pine-sap | Native, CoC: 8, Unranked | | NYFA: Nu | Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Pterosporeae
##### Pterospora

Ericales — Ericaceae — Monotropoideae — Pterosporeae — Pterospora :
| Genus Pterospora | Pinedrops | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Pterospora andromedea Nutt. | Pinedrops, Pine-drops, Woodland pinedrops, Giant pinedrops, Giant birds's-nest, Albany beechdrops | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Arbutoideae
#### Arctostaphylos

* Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry or kinnikinnickBearberry is a trailing evergreen shrub, native to rocky and sandy upland parts of the Northern Hemisphere, including suitable parts of New York State.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Arbutoideae — Arctostaphylos :
| Genus Arctostaphylos | Manzanita | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.1753. Arbutus uva-ursi L.1812. Arbutus buxifolia Stokes1813. Mairania uva-ursi (L.) Desv.1821. Uva-ursi buxifolia (Stokes) Gray1825. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.1913. Uva-ursi uva-ursi (L.) Britton taut. | Red bearberry, Kinnikinnick, Pinemat manzanita, Mealberry, Hog cranberryRaisin d’ours, Arctostaphyle raisin-d'ours, Busserole | Native, CoC: 8, Secure UPL Perennial, Shrub-subshrub, Sun - shade | | Alba Bron Clin Colu Dutc Erie Esse Fran Fult Gene Gree Hami Jeff Lewi Nass Niag Onei Onta Oran Oswe Putn Quee Rens Rich Rock Stla Steu Suff Tomp Ulst Warr Wash NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Harrimanelloideae
###### Harrimanella

Ericales — Ericaceae — Harrimanelloideae — Harrimanella :
| Genus Harrimanella | Harrimanella | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Harrimanella hypnoides (L.) Coville | Moss bell-heather | Native, Likely extirpated | | NYFA: Z | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Ericoideae
#### Tribe Phyllodoceae
##### Epigaea

* Epigaea repens L. trailing arbutusEpigaea contains three species, only one of which, trailing arbutus (Epigaea repens), is native to the New World. It is a low shrub/subshrub found in acidic upland hemlock-hardwood forests and forest edges through much of eastern North America. It flowers in early spring and does well in disturbed sites such as logging roads. Trailing arbutus is the state plant of Massachusetts.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Phyllodoceae — Epigaea :
| Genus Epigaea | Trailing-arbutus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | 1 NPT |
| Epigaea repens L.1753. Epigaea repens L. 1837. Epigaea repens  var. rubicunda  D.Don 1939. Epigaea repens  var. glabrifolia  Fernald | Trailing arbutus ⓘ Trailing-arbutus ⓘ Mayflower ⓘ Creeping mayflower ⓘ Gravelroot ⓘ Ground laurel ⓘ Épigée rampante ⓘ Épigée fleur-de-mai ⓘ Fleur de mai ⓘ | Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure, S4, G5 | | NYFA: 4 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

##### Kalmia

* Sheep-laurel (Kalmia angustifolia)Kalmia (laurel) is a North American genus with about 10 species, four of which are considered to be native to New York.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Phyllodoceae — Kalmia :
| Genus Kalmia | Laurel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Kalmia angustifolia L.var. angustifolia | Sheep-laurel, Sheep-kill | Native, CoC: 7, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Kalmia latifolia L. | Mountain laurel | Native, CoC: 7, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Kalmia polifolia Wang. | Pale laurel, Bog laurel | Native, CoC: 10, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Kalmia procumbens    Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv. | Alpine azalea | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Kalmia (excluded taxa) | Laurel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Kalmia buxifolia (Bergius) Gift & Kron 20081777. Ledum buxifolium Bergius1813. Dendrium buxifolium Desv.1817. Leiophyllum buxifolium Elliott1839. Leiophyllum lyonii Sweet1901. Leiophyllum hugeri (Small) K. Schum. | Sandmyrtle, Sand-myrtle | N. America native  southern U. S., N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ NYFA and NRCS both list Kalmia buxifolia as Leiophyllum buxifolium (Berg) Elliott. ITIS, GRIN and Flora of North America, place it in Kalmia. ||||||

#### Tribe Ericeae
##### Calluna

* Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull heatherCalluna is a monotypic plant genus whose sole species is Calluna vulgaris or heather, an Old-World plant.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Ericeae — Calluna :
| Genus Calluna | Heather | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull1753. Erica vulgaris L.1808. Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull1906. Ericoides vulgaris (L.) Merino | Heather, Scotch heather, Scots heather, Common heather, Ling | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Naturalized FAC Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Rhodoreae
##### Rhododendron
###### Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Pentanthera

* Rhododendron periclymenoides pinxter flowerRhododendron sect. Pentanthera contains the azaleas, three of which are native to New York.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Rhodoreae — Rhododendron :
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Pentanthera | Azalea | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais1914. Azalea prinophylla Small 1917. R. prinophyllum (Small) Millais 1921. R. roseum (Loisel.) Rehder superfl. 1924. R. nudiflorum  var. roseum  (Loisel.) Wiegand | Early azalea ⓘ Roseshell azalea ⓘ Woolly azalea ⓘ Election-pink ⓘ | Native, CoC: 6, Secure FAC Perennial, Shrub, Shade | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Rhododendron periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners1762. Azalea nudiflora L. illeg. 1803. A. periclymenoides Michx. 1824. R. nudiflorum (L.) Torr. illeg. 1941. R. nudiflorum  f. glandiferum  (Porter) Fernald 1962. R. periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners | Pinxter flower ⓘ Pinxter-flower ⓘ Pinkster Pink azalea Election-pink ⓘ Pinxterbloom azalea ⓘ | Native, CoC: 7, Secure FAC Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr.1753. Azalea serrulata Small     Azalea viscosa L. 1824. R. viscosum (L.) Torr.     R. serrulatum (Small) Millais | Swamp azalea Clammy azalea | Native, CoC: 7, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Rhododendron calendulaceum (Michx.) Torrey | Flame azalea | Introduced from  southeastern US, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Pentanthera (excluded taxa) | Azalea | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron arborescens (Pursh) Torr.1813. Azalea arborescens Pursh 1824. R. arborescens (Pursh) Torr. | Smooth azalea Sweet Azalea | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies Note: 1986 |
| Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet1803. Azalea canescens Michx. 1830. R. canescens (Michx.) Sweet 1900. Azalea nudiflora  var. canescens  Rehder in L.H.Bailey 1901. Azalea candida Small 1916. R. candidum (Small) Rehder 1921. R. canescens  var. candidum  (Small) Rehder | Mountain azalea ⓘ Hoary azalea ⓘ Wild azalea Honeysuckle azalea Piedmont azalea ⓘ Sweet azalea Southern pinxterflower ⓘ Sweet-Florida pinxter ⓘ | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | | USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies Note: 1918 |
| ↑ 1986: Mitchell, R.S. (ed.). A checklist of New York State plants. Contributions of a Flora of New York State, Checklist III. New York State Bulletin No. 458. New York State Museum, Albany. ↑ 1918: Homer D. House, New York State Botanist, Wild Flowers of New York, Vol 2, page 201, "Mountain or Hoary Azalea, Azalea canescens Michaux ... eastern and southern New York...." This appears to be a misidentification of the similar species Rhododendron periclymenoides, which is common in that range. ||||||

###### Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Rhodora

* Rhododendron canadense rhodoraRhododendron sect. Rhodora contains the single species Rhododendron canadense (rhodora), which is native to northeastern North America.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Rhodoreae — Rhododendron :
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Rhodora | Rhodora | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron canadense (L.) Torr.1762. Rhodora canadensis L. 1841. Rhododendron canadense (L.) Torr. 1891. Azalea canadensis (L.) Kuntze | Rhodora ⓘ Canada rosebay ⓘ Canada rhododendron ⓘ Canadian rhododendron ⓘ Rhododendron du Canada ⓘ Rhodora ⓘ Rhodora du Canada ⓘ | Native, CoC: 9, Threatened FACW Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |

###### Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Pontica

Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Rhodoreae — Rhododendron :
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes sect. Pontica | Rhododendron | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron maximum L.1753. Rhododendron maximum L. 1935. Rhododendron ashleyi Coker 1943. Hymenanthes maxima (L.) H.F.Copel. | Great rosebay ⓘ Great laurel ⓘ Great rhododendron ⓘ Rose bay ⓘ Wild rhododendron Rosebay rhododendron | Native, CoC: 9, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |

###### Rhododendron subg. Rhododendron sect. Rhododendron

* Rhododendron lapponicum Lapland rosebayRhododendron sect. Rhododendron contains the two New York natives Labrador tea (R. groenlandicum) and Lapland rosebay (R. lapponicum).
Ericales — Ericaceae — Ericoideae — Rhodoreae — Rhododendron :
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Rhododendron sect. Rhododendron subsect. Ledum | Rhododendron | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd1771. Ledum groenlandicum Oeder in G.C.Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan. 4(10):5 1892. Ledum palustre var. groenlandicum (Oeder) Rosenv. in Meddel. Grønland 1948. Ledum palustre ssp. groenlandicum (Oeder) Hultén in Acta Univ. Lund. 1990. Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd in Syst. Bot. 15:67 | Labrador tea, Bog Labrador tea, Common Labrador tea | Native, CoC: 9, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4-5 iNat: | USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Rhododendron subg. Rhododendron sect. Rhododendron subsect. Lapponica | Rhododendron | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb.    Azalea lapponica L. | Lapland rosebay, Lapland azalea | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Empetroideae

Empetroideae Sweet, Hort. Brit.: 491. Sep–Oct 1826.

#### Tribe Empetreae

Empetreae Horan., Char. Ess. Fam.: 109. 17 Jun 1847.

##### Empetrum

Ericales — Ericaceae — Empetroideae — Empetreae — Empetrum :
| Genus Empetrum | Crowberry | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Empetrum nigrum L.1753. Empetrum nigrum L.1913. E. eamesiissp. hermaphroditum1927. E. hermaphroditum Lange ex Hagerup1933. E. nigrumvar. hermaphroditum1952. E. nigrumssp. hermaphroditum | Black crowberry, Crakeberry, Curlew-berryCamarine noire | Native, Rare | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Empetrum atropurpureum Fernald & Wiegand1913. E. atropurpureum Fernald & Wiegand1927. E. rubrum var. atropurpureum1960. E. eamesii ssp. atropurpureum1966. E. nigrum var. atropurpureum | Purple crowberry, Red crowberryCamarine noire-pouprée, Camarine atropourpre, Camarine pourpre | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ USDA-NRCS-PLANTS and ITIS treat E. atropurpureum as a synonym of E. nigrum, but NYFA, FNA, and Flora Novae Angliae all treat E. atropurpureum as a separate species. ||||||

##### Corema

Ericales — Ericaceae — Empetroideae — Empetreae — Corema :
| Genus Corema | Crowberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Corema conradii (Torr.) Torr.1837. Empetrum conradii Torr.1842. Corema conradii (Torr.) Torr. | Broom crowberry, Broom-crowberry, Poverty-grassCorème de Conrad, Camarine de Conrad | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

### Subfamily Vaccinoideae
#### Tribe Oxydendreae
##### Oxydendrum

* Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. sourwood treeOxydendrum contains a single species, the sourwood tree (O. arboreum), which is endemic to the southeastern U.S., as far north as southwestern Pennsylvania. Its flowers grow in racemes and look similar to lily-of-the-valley flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental in southern New York, where it has escaped.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Oxydendreae — Oxydendrum :
| Genus Oxydendrum | Sourwood | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC.1753. Andromeda arborea L. 1839. Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. | Sourwood, Sorreltree, Lily-of-the-valley tree, Swamp-cranberry | Introduced, US South native | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe IPN Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Lyonieae
##### Lyonia

* Lyonia ligustrina - maleberry
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Lyonieae — Lyonia :
| Genus Lyonia | Staggerbush | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC.var. ligustrina1753. Vaccinium ligustrinum L.1813. Andromeda ligustrina (L.) Muhl.1839. Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC.1894. Xolisma ligustrina (L.) Britton1913. Arsenococcus ligustrinus (L.) Small | Maleberry, Seedy buckberry, Privet andromedaLyonie faux-troène, Lyonie ligustrine | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe Images Wikispecies |
| Lyonia mariana (L.) D.Don1753. Andromeda mariana L.1834. Lyonia mariana (L.) D.Don1876. Pieris mariana (L.) Benth. & Hook.f.1913. Neopieris mariana (L.) Britton1924. Xolisma mariana (L.) Rehder | Stagger-bush, Piedmont staggerbush, Maryland staggerbush | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe IPN Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Andromedeae
##### Andromeda

* Andromeda polifolia bog rosemaryAndromeda polifolia (bog-rosemary) is generally treated as the only member of its genus and is found in acidic bogs throughout the northern hemisphere. Two varieties are considered to be present in North America, but only the glaucous-leaved bog rosemary, A. polifolia var. latifolia (syn. A. glaucophylla) has been reported in New York.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Andromedeae — Andromeda :
| Genus Andromeda | Bog-rosemary | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Andromeda polifolia L.var. latifolia Aiton1789. A. polifoliavar. latifolia1821. A. glaucophylla Link1839. A. polifoliavar. glaucophylla1914. A. canescens Small1916. A. glaucophyllavar. iodandra1924. A. glaucophyllafo. latifolia1927. A. glaucophyllavar. latifolia1948. A. polifoliassp. glaucophylla | Bog rosemary, Glaucous-leaved bog rosemaryAndromède glauque | Native, CoC: 10, Secure OBL Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Gaultherieae
##### Chamaedaphne

* Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleafChamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf) is the sole species of the genus and is native to much of the Northern Hemisphere, including New York State.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Gaultherieae — Chamaedaphne :
| Genus Chamaedaphne | Leatherleaf | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench | Leatherleaf | Native, CoC: 8, Secure OBL Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Gaultheria

* Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Gaultherieae — Gaultheria :
| Genus Gaultheria | Snowberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Gaultheria procumbens L. | Wintergreen ⓘ Teaberry ⓘ Eastern teaberry ⓘ Checkerberry ⓘ Eastern spicy-wintergreen ⓘ Creeping wintergreen ⓘ Spring wintergreen ⓘ Mountain-tea ⓘ Thé des bois, Thé rouge, Gaulthérie couchée | Native, Secure Perennial, Shrub, subshrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Gaultheria hispidula (L.) Muhl. ex Bigel.Chiogenes hispidula | Creeping snowberry | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

##### Eubotrys

* Eubotrys racemosa
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Gaultherieae — Eubotrys :
| Genus Eubotrys | Fetterbush | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt.1842. Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt. 1856. Leucothoe racemosa (L.) A. Gray | Swamp fetterbush ⓘ Swamp doghobble ⓘ Swamp deciduous dog-laurel ⓘ Deciduous swamp fetterbush ⓘ Sweetbells ⓘ Swamp sweetbells ⓘ | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Eubotrys recurva (Buckley) Britton | Mountain fetterbush, Deciduous mountain fetterbush, Redtwig doghobble, Red-twigged doghobble | Introduced, US South native Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 BONAP Images Wikispecies |

##### Leucothoe

Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Gaultherieae — Leucothoe :
| Genus Leucothoe | Doghobble | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Leucothoe fontanesiana (Steud.) Sleumer | Highland dog-hobble | Introduced, US South native, Impersistent | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-N0 Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Leucothoe axillaris (Lam.) D.Don1783. Andromeda axillaris Lam.1788. Andromeda catesbaei Walter1809. Andromeda walteri Willd.1834. Leucothoe axillaris D.Don1856. Leucothoe catesbaei A.Gray | Coastal doghobble | Introduced, US South native, Cultivated, No NY reports Perennial, Shrub | | NYFA: 0 | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

#### Tribe Vaccinieae

* The Vaccinieae contain the morphologically similar huckleberries (Gaylussacia) and blueberries (Vaccinium).

##### Gaylussacia

* Gaylussacia bigeloviana bog huckleberry
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Gaylussacia :
| Genus Gaylussacia | Huckleberry | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K.Koch1787. Andromeda baccata Wangenh.1872. Gaylussacia baccata K.Koch1900. G. resinosavar. glaucocarpa B.L.Rob.1907. G. baccatavar. glaucocarpa Mack.1933. Decachaena baccata Small | Black huckleberry | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. & A.Gray1753. Vaccinium frondosum L.1843. Gaylussacia frondosa Torr. & A.Gray1933. Decachaena frondosa ex Small | Blue huckleberry, Dangleberry | Native, Likely secure | NYFA: 4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Gaylussacia bigeloviana (Fernald) Sorrie & Weakley1911. Gaylussacia dumosavar. bigeloviana Fernald1933. Lasiococcus dumosusvar. bigelovianusFernald2007. Gaylussacia bigeloviana Sorrie & Weakley auct. Gaylussacia dumosa non (Andrews) A.Gray | Dwarf huckleberry, Bog huckleberry | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1-2 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

##### Vaccinium

* The genus Vaccinium comprises the blueberries, cranberries, huckleberries and similar shrubs. It is here broken down into sections as described in Flora of North America.
* ↑ Vaccinium. Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 20+ vols. New York and Oxford.

###### Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus

* Section Cyanococcus was described by Asa Gray in Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Science in 1846. This section contains all of the New York blueberry species except the alpine blueberry.
* ↑ Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus A. Gray. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 13 Oct 2016
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus :
| Genus Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus | Blueberry | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton1789. Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton1861. V. pensylvanicumvar. nigrum1894. V. nigrum (Alph.Wood) Britton1914. V. brittonii Porter ex E. P. Bicknell1931. Cyanococcus angustifolium (Aiton) Rydb.1943. V. lamarckii Camp | Lowbush blueberry, Late lowbush blueberry, Low sweet blueberry, Late sweet blueberry, Sweet-hurtsBleuet à feuilles étroites, Airelle de Pennsylvanie | Native, CoC: 4, Secure Perennial, Shrub, Sun - shade | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium corymbosum L.1753. Vaccinium corymbosum L. | Highbush blueberry, Swamp blueberry, Whortleberry, New Jersey blueberry, Southern blueberryBleuet en corymbe | Native, CoC: 6, Secure Perennial, Shrub | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium × atlanticum E.P.Bicknell (pro sp.)  Vaccinium angustifolium ×   Vaccinium corymbosum | Atlantic huckleberry, Hybrid of  Lowbush blueberry &  Highbush blueberry | Native, Unranked Perennial, Shrub | NYFA: U | USDA-N0 ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.1803. Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.1823. V. canadense Kalm ex Richardson1917. Cyanococcus canadensis (Kalm ex Richardson) Rydb.1921. V. angustifoliumvar. myrtilloides | Velvet-leaved blueberry, Velvet-leaved huckleberry, Velvetleaf huckleberry, Sour-top blueberry, Sourtop, Canada blueberryBleuet fausse-myrtille, Bleuet rameau-velouté, Bleuet du Canada, Bleuets, Airelle fausse-myrtille, Airelle faux-myrtille, Airelle du Canada | Native, CoC: 7, Secure Perennial, Shrub | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium pallidum Aiton1789. Vaccinium pallidum Aiton1856. V. corymbosumvar. pallidum1933. Cyanococcus pallidus (Aiton) Small | Early lowbush blueberry, Late lowbush blueberry, Blue Ridge blueberry, Hillside blueberry | Native, CoC: 7, Secure Perennial, Shrub | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium boreale I.V.Hall & Aalders1848. V. pensylvanicumvar. angustifolium1861. V. pensylvanicumvar. alpinum1961. V. boreale I.V.Hall & Aalders | Northern blueberry, High-mountain blueberry, Sweet hurtsBleuet boréal | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, NYNHP: 2 Perennial, Shrub | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Vaccinium boreale. Threatened, S2/G4. ||||||

###### Vaccinium sect. Vaccinium

Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Vaccinium sect. Vaccinium :
| Genus Vaccinium sect. Vaccinium | Blueberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Vaccinium uliginosum L. (1753) | Alpine blueberry, Bog blueberry, Bog bilberry, Bog whortleberry, Northern bilberry, Airelle de marécages | Native, Rare | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

###### Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus

Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus :
| Genus Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus | Dwarf blueberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Vaccinium cespitosum Michx.1803. V. caespitosum Michx.1818. V. geminiflorum Kunth1899. V. arbuscula (A.Gray) Merriam1942. V. nivictum Camp1942. V. paludicola Camp | Dwarf bilberry, Dwarf blueberryAirelle gazonnante | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

###### Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus

Cranberries (Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus) can be found in acidic bogs throughout the state.
Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus :
| Genus Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus | Cranberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton1789. Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton1803. V. oxycoccosvar. oblongifolium1805. Oxycoccus macrocarpos (Aiton) Pers.1805. O. palustrisvar. macrocarpos1894. Schollera macrocarpos (Aiton) Britton | Cranberry, Large cranberry, American cranberryCanneberge à gros fruits, Ronce d'Amérique | Native, CoC: 8, Secure OBL Perennial, Shrub, subshrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Vaccinium oxycoccos L.1753. Vaccinium oxycoccos L. | Cranberry, Small cranberry, European cranberryCanneberge commune | Native, CoC: 8, Secure, (circumboreal) OBL Perennial, Shrub, subshrub | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

###### Vaccinium sect. Polycodium

Ericales — Ericaceae — Vaccinoideae — Vaccinieae — Vaccinium sect. Polycodium :
| Genus Vaccinium sect. Polycodium | Deerberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Vaccinium stamineum L. (1753) | Deerberry, Southern-gooseberry | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |