# Flora of New York/Salicaceae

| ← Malpighiales (2) Violaceae | Flora of New York — Malpighiales (3) : Salicaceae | Flora of New York — Malpighiales (3) : Salicaceae | Flora of New York — Malpighiales (3) : Salicaceae | Flora of New York — Malpighiales (3) : Salicaceae | → Malpighiales (4) Euphorbiaceae Linaceae |
| ← Malpighiales (2) Violaceae | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Malpighiales (4) Euphorbiaceae Linaceae |
| Clade | Clade | Order | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Genus | Common names | # |
| rosids | basal rosids | Vitales | Vitaceae | Vitoideae | Parthenocisseae | Parthenocissus | creeper, woodbine, ivy | 3 |
| rosids | basal rosids | Vitales | Vitaceae | Vitoideae | Viteae | Vitis | grape | 8 |
| rosids | basal rosids | Vitales | Vitaceae | Vitoideae | Ampelopsideae | Ampelopsis | peppervine | 3 |
| rosids | basal fabids | Zygophyllales | Zygophyllaceae | Tribuloideae | — | Tribulus | puncturevine | 1 |
| rosids | basal fabids | Zygophyllales | Zygophyllaceae | Zygophylloideae | — | Zygophyllum | beancaper | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Celastrales | Parnassiaceae | Parnassioideae | — | Parnassia | grass of parnassus | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Celastrales | Celastraceae | Celastroideae | — | Celastrus | bittersweet, staff vine | 2 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Celastrales | Celastraceae | Celastroideae | — | Euonymus | burning bush, spindletree, wahoo | 6 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Oxalidales | Oxalidaceae | — | — | Oxalis | woodsorrel | 6 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Hypericaceae | — | Hypericeae | Triadenum | marsh St. John's wort | 2 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Hypericaceae | — | Hypericeae | Hypericum | St. John's wort | 18 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Podostemaceae | Podostemoideae | — | Podostemum | river weed | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Elatinaceae | — | — | Elatine | water wort | 3 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Violaceae | Violoideae | Violeae | Hybanthus | greenviolet | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Violaceae | Violoideae | Violeae | Viola | violet | 57 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Salicaceae | Salicoideae | — | Populus | cottonwood, aspen, poplar | 11 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Salicaceae | Salicoideae | — | Salix | willow | 36 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Euphorbiaceae | Acalyphoideae | Acalypheae | Acalypha | copperleaf, three-seed mercury | 4 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Euphorbiaceae | Acalyphoideae | Acalypheae | Mercurialis | herb mercury | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Euphorbiaceae | Acalyphoideae | Acalypheae | Ricinus | castor bean | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Euphorbiaceae | Crotonoideae | Crotoneae | Croton | rushfoil, hogwort | 1 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Euphorbiaceae | Euphorbioideae | Euphorbieae | Euphorbia | spurge, sandmat | 21 |
| rosids | fabids COM clade | Malpighiales | Linaceae | Linoideae | Lineae | Linum | flax | 9 |

## Family Salicaceae

* The Salicaceae (willow family) in New York contains the two tree genera Populus (aspens, cottonwoods, and poplars) and Salix (willows).

### Subfamily Salicoideae
#### Populus
##### Populus sect. Populus

* Populus tremuloides & grandidentataSection Populus contains the two North American trees quaking aspen (P. tremuloides) and bigtooth aspen (P. grandidentata). The section also contains several Eurasian species, including P. tremula and P. alba. All of these species are known to hybridize with one another.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Populus :
| Genus Populus sect. Populus | Aspen, poplar | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Populus tremuloides Michx.1803. Populus tremuloides Michx. 1911. Populus aurea Tidestr. 1911. Populus tremuloides  var. aurea  (Tidestr.) Daniels 1930. Populus tremuloides  var. magnifica  Vict. 1975. Populus tremula  ssp. tremuloides  (Michx.) A. & D. Löve | Quaking aspen Quaking poplar Trembling aspen American aspen Aspen poplar Tremble Peuplier faux-tremble | Native, CoC: 3, Secure FACU Perennial, Tree | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Populus grandidentata    Populus grandidentata | Big-toothed aspen Bigtooth aspen Grand tremble | Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACU | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × smithii B.Boivin  Populus grandidentata ×   Populus tremuloides1966. Populus × smithii B.Boivin1970. Populus × barnesii W.H.Wagner | Smith's aspen, Smith's poplar, Barnes' Aspen | Native, CoC: ?, Endangered | NYFA: 1? | USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Populus alba L. | White poplar | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Moderately invasive, CP-5 | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × canescens  Populus alba ×   Populus tremula | Gray poplar | Introduced, Unk. naturalization | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × rouleauiana B. Boivin  Populus alba ×   Populus grandidentata | Rouleau’s aspen | Introduced, Naturalized | NYFA: X | USDA-NN?? Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × heimburgeri B.Boivin  Populus alba ×   Populus tremuloides1966. Populus × heimburgeri B.Boivin | Heimburger's poplar | Introduced | NYFA: X | IPN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ||||||

##### Populus sect. Aigeiros

* Populus deltoidesCottonwood trees.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Aigeiros :
| Genus Populus sect. Aigeiros | Cottonwood, poplar | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshallssp. deltoides    Populus deltoides    P. deltoides | Eastern cottonwwood, Necklace poplar | Native, CoC: 2, Secure FAC Perennial, Tree | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshallssp. monilifera (Aiton) Eckenwalder    P. deltoidesssp. monilifera    P. deltoidesvar. occidentalis    P. sargentii Dode | Plains cottonwwood | Native, CoC: 2, Unranked FAC Perennial, Tree | NYFA: | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Populus nigra | Black cottonwood, Black poplar, Lombardy poplar | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × canadensis  Populus deltoides ×   Populus nigra | Carolina poplar, Canadian poplar | Introduced, N. America native | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |

##### Populus sect. Tacamahaca

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Tacamahaca :
| Genus Populus sect. Tacamahaca | Poplar, Cottonwood | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Populus balsamifera L.1753. Populus balsamifera L.1768. Populus tacamahacca Mill.1789. Populus candicans Aiton1905. Populus michauxii Dode | Balsam poplar | Native, Likely secure | | NYFA: 4-5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Populus × jackii Sarg.  Populus balsamifera ×   Populus deltoides | Balm-of-Gilead, Jack's popular | Native, Unranked | | NYFA: X | USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

##### Populus sect. Leucoides

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Leucoides :
| Genus Populus sect. Leucoides | Poplar, Cottonwood | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Populus heterophylla | Swamp cottonwood | Native, Threatened | | NYFA: 2 | Images Wikispecies |

#### Salix

| Genus Salix | subg. Protitea (NY sect. Humboldtianae) subg. Salix (NY sects. Salicaster, Salix, Subalbae) subg. Chosenia (no NY species) subg. Longifoliae (Single NY species Salix interior) subg. Chamaetia (NY sects. Herbella, Myrtilloides, Myrtosalix) subg. Vetrix (NY sects. Candidae, Cordatae, Geyerianae, Griseae, Fulvae, Hastatae, Helix) |

##### Salix subg. Protitea
###### Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae

* Salix nigra black willow catkinsSalix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae includes the six North American willow species: S. amigdaloides, S. bonplandiana, S. caroliniana, S. gooddingii, S. laevigata, and S. nigra. Of these, S. nigra (black willow) and S. amygdaloides (peach-leaved willow) grow in New York.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Protitea) sect. Humboldtianae Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae :
| Genus Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix nigra Marshall1785. S. nigra Marshall 1847. S. nigra  var. falcata  (Pursh) Torr. 1918. S. nigra  var. lindheimeri  C.K.Schneid. | Black willow | Native, CoC: 5, Secure OBL Perennial, Tree | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Salix amygdaloides Andersson1838. Amerina missurica Raf. 1858. S. amygdaloides Andersson 1868. S. nigra  var. amygdaloides  (Andersson) Andersson 1996. Pleiarina amygdaloides (Andersson) N.Chao & G.T.Gong | Peach-leaved willow | Native, CoC: 3, Likely secure, S4 FACW | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

##### Salix subg. Salix
###### Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster

* Salix serissimaSalix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster contains about nine species worldwide with four of those (S. lasiandra, S. lucida, S. pentandra, and S. serissima) found in North America. Of those, S. lucida (shining willow) and S. serissima (Autumn willow) are native to New York. Reports of the Eurasian S. pentandra (laurel willow) in New York are now considered to be S.×meyeriana (S. euxina × S. pentandra), Meyer's willow.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Salix) sect. Salicaster. Flora of North America Volume 7, 14-Mar-2010.
* ↑ Troy Weldy, David Werier, & Andrew Nelson (2016) Salix euxina × S. pentandra = S. ×meyeriana. New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster :
| Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster | Willow | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix lucida Muhl. ssp. lucida1803. Salix lucida Muhl. 1803. Salix lucida  ssp. lucida  {{{5}}} 1803. Salix lucida  var. lucida  {{{5}}} 1996. Pleiarina lucida (Muhl.) N.Chao & G.T.Gong | Shining willow, Glossy willow | Native, CoC: 5, Secure FACW Perennial, Tree | NYFA: 5 GBIF | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix serissima (L.H.Bailey ex Arthur) Fernald1887. Salix lucida  var. serissima  L.H.Bailey ex Arthur 1903. Salix serissima (L.H.Bailey ex Arthur) Fernald     Salix arguta  var. alpigena       Salix arguta  var. pallescens | Autumn willow | Native, CoC: 9, Secure OBL Perennial, Tree, shrub | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix pentandra L.1753. S. pentandra L. 1996. Pleiarina pentandra (L.) N.Chao & G.T.Gong | Laurel willow, Laurel-leaved willow, Bay-leaf willow, Bay willowSaule laurier, Saule à cinq étamines | Introduced from  Eurasia, N.Y. excluded, Missapplied to  S.×meyeriana | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BBG Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix

* Salix × fragilisOf the approximately eight species of the Eurasian sect. Salix, only S. alba (white willow) and S. exina (crack willow), along with their hybrid (S. × fragilis) are known to naturalize in North America. Of these, only S. alba and S. × fragilis are known to naturalize in New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix :
| Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix | Willow | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix alba L.    Salix alba L. | White willow | Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: , Naturalized, SNA FACW Perennial, Tree | NYFA: X | Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Salix × fragilis L.  Salix alba ×   Salix euxina1753. Salix fragilis L. 1789. Salix × rubens Schrank 1791. Salix decipiens Hoffm. 1828. Salix excelsior Host 1837. Salix fragilis  var. decipiens  W.D.J.Koch | Hybrid crack willow, Brittle willow, Saule cassant | Introduced, Potentially invasive, Naturalized | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Salix euxina I.V.Belyaeva | Crack willow, Brittle willow | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded iNat | USDA-0X Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae

* Salix babylonica
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae :
| Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix matsudana Koidz.1915. Salix matsudana Koidz. 1925. Salix matsudana  f. tortuosa  Rehder 1925. Salix matsudana  f. umbraculifera  Rehder 1981. Salix babylonica  f. tortuosa  Y.L.Chou 1981. Salix babylonica  f. tortuosa  (A. Vilm.) Geerinck (nom. illeg.) 2002. Salix babylonica  f. pekinensis  (A. Henry) Geerinck 2015. Salix babylonica  var. matsudana  (Koidz.) H. Ohashi & Yonek. | Corkscrew willow, Peking willow, Tortured willow | Introduced, Impersistent, Asia native | NYFA: Xm GBIF | USDA-X COL POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |
| Salix babylonica L.1753. Salix babylonica L. | Weeping willow, Babylon weeping willow | Introduced, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-X0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Salix matsudana is used for ornament and restoration. Naturalizing status in New York is questionable. ||||||

###### Salix subg. Salix inter-sectional hybrids

* Salix × sepulcralisHybrids of Salix subgenus Salix species across the three sections Salix, Subalbae, and Salicaster.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix :
| Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix × Subalbae | Hybrid weeping willows | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix × pendulina Wender.  Salix babylonica ×   Salix euxina auct. Salix babylonica non L. 1831. Salix × pendulina Wender. 1867. Salix × blanda Andersson (pro sp.) 1871. Salix elegantissima K.Koch | Wisconsin weeping willow, Weeping crack willow | Introduced, Potentially invasive | | NYFA: X GBIF | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix × sepulcralis Simonkai  Salix alba ×   Salix babylonica | Weeping willow | Introduced | | NYFA: Xn | USDA-XX Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster × Salix | Hybrid willows | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix × jesupii Fernald  Salix alba ×   Salix lucida auct. Salix × ehrhartiana | Hybrid of  white willow &  shining willow | Introduced | | NYFA: X | ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix × meyeriana Rostk. ex Willd.  Salix euxina ×   Salix pentandra | Meyer's willow, Shiny-leaf willow | Introduced from  Europe | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix inter-subg. hybrids

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix :
| Genus Salix inter-subg. hybrids (excluded taxa) | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix nigra × petiolaris | | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |
| Salix eriocephala × nigra | | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |

##### Salix subg. Longifoliae

* Salix interiorThe North American willows in Salix subg. Longifoliae are S. columbiana, S. exigua, S. interior, S. melanopsis, S. sessilifolia, S. taxifolia, and S. thurberi. Only S. interior is currently listed as being part of the New York flora.
* The New York Flora Atlas follows Flora of North America in treating the native sandbar willow, S. interior as a separate species from S. exigua, and not just a subspecies.
* Willows of subgenus Longifoliae are generally clonal by root suckers with multiple upright stems.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Longifoliae :
| Genus Salix subg. Longifoliae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix interior Rowlee1803. S. longifolia Muhl. (i) 1823. S. rubra Richardson (i) 1900. S. interior Rowlee 1901. S. linearifolia Rydb. 1964. S. exigua  ssp. interior  (Rowlee) Cronquist | Sandbar willow Interior sandbar willow ⓘ | Native, CoC: 5, Secure, S5 FACW Perennial, Tree | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Salix exigua Nutt.1842. S. exigua Nutt. 1858. S. longifolia  var. angustissima  Andersson 1879. S. longifolia  var. exigua  (Nutt.) Bebb 1896. S. fluviatilis  var. exigua  (Nutt.) Sarg. 1934. S. interior  var. angustissima  (Andersson) Dayton | Narrowleaf willow, Coyote willow, Sandbar willow | N. America native  western N. America, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Salix thurberi Rowlee1900. Salix thurberi Rowlee | Thurber’s willow | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN FNA Images Wikispecies |

##### Salix subg. Chamaetia

* Salix subgenus Chamaetia contains about 27 species found in North America, with about 3 of those found in New York. These are shrubs that grow up to 6 meters high.

###### Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides

* Salix pedicellarisSalix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides includes the North American willows: S. athabascensis, S. chlorolepis, S. pedicellaris, and S. raupii. Of these, only S. pedicellaris (bog willow) grows outside of cultivation in New York State.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia) sect. Myrtilloides Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides :
| Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix pedicellaris Pursh1814. S. pedicellaris Pursh 1838. Usionis pedicillaris ( Pursh ) Raf. 1868. S. myrtilloides  var. pedicellaris  (Pursh) Andersson 1907. S. fuscescens  var. hebecarpa  Fernald 1909. S. pedicellaris  var. hypoglauca  Fernald 1909. S. pedicellaris  var. tenuescens  Fernald 1913. S. myrtilloides  var. hypoglauca  (Fernald) C.R.Ball 1923. S. dieckiana Suksd. 1924. S. hebecarpa (Fernald) Fernald | Bog willow | Native, CoC: 10, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Shrub, Sun | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos IPN LBJ Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix

* Salix uva-ursiFive species from Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix occur in the North American flora, including: S. arctophila, S. chamissonis, S. fuscescens, S. phlebophylla, and S. uva-ursi. Of these, only S. uva-ursi (bearberry willow) is known to grow outside of cultivation in New York. It is found in alpine meadows on the high peaks of the Adirondacks in Essex County, and it is considered to be threatened.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia ) sect. Myrtosalix Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix :
| Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix uva-ursi Pursh1813. Salix uva-ursi Pursh 1843. Salix cutleri Tuck. 1858. S. arbuscula  var. labradorica  (Andersson) Andersson 1868. S. cutleri  var. labradorica  (Andersson) Andersson 1884. S. ivigtutiana Lundstr. ex Berl.     S. myrsinites  var. parvifolia  Lange | Bearberry willowSaule raisin-d'ours | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, S2, G5, NYNHP: 2 Perennial, Shrub | | Essex (1851-1977) NYFA: 2 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos IPN Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Salix uva-ursi. ||||||

###### Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella

* Salix herbaceaThe four North American willow species in Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella are: S. herbacea, S. nummularia, S. polaris, and S. rotundifolia. Of these, only S. herbacea (snow-bed willow is found in New York. However, it is restricted to the high peaks of the Adirondacks in Essex County, and is considered endangered.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia ) sect. Herbella Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella :
| Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix herbacea L.1753. Salix herbacea L. | Snowbed willow ⓘ Snow-bed willow ⓘ Dwarf willow ⓘ New England dwarf willow Least willow ⓘ | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5, NYNHP: 1 Perennial, Shrub | | Essex (1923-1980) NYFA: 1 iNat | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Salix herbacea. ||||||

##### Salix subg. Vetrix

* Salix subgenus Vetrix contains trees and shrubs that are mainly non-clonal but are sometimes colonal by layering or stem fragmentation.
* ↑ George W. Argus (2010). Salix subg. Vetrix. Flora of North America, Vol. 7.

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae

* Salix bebbiana
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg.1823. Salix rostrata Richardson illeg.1895. Salix bebbiana Sarg.1901. Salix perrostrata Rydb. | Bebb willow, Bebb's willow, Beak willow, Long beak willow, Gray willow | Native, CoC: 3, Secure FACW Perennial, Tree-shrub | | NYFA: 5 NYFA: 56 counties iNat 8 counties | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix candida Flüggé ex Willd.1806. Salix candida Flüggé ex Willd.1868. Salix candidavar. denudata Andersson1914. Salix candidula Nieuwl. | Sage willow, Sage-leaf willow, Hoary willow, Silver willow | Native, CoC: 10, Secure OBL Perennial, Shrub, Sun - part shade | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN LBJ Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae

* Salix eriocephala Michx.Salix sect. Cordatae contains about 7 North American species, one of which (Salix eriocephala Michx.) is known to be native to New York.
* It should be noted that although Salix cordata Muhl. is now considered to be an illegitimate synonym of S. eriocephala, Salix cordata Michx. is the accepted name for "sand dune willow" in Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae, which is also native to New York. Both of these species have understandably been referred to by the common name "heart-leaved willow," but Leonora Goodrich, describing S. cordata Muhl. (non Michx.) in her 1912 Flora of Onondaga County, notes: "Base of leaves so slightly cordate it hardly warrants the name."
* ↑ Barratt ex Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 149. 1838.
* ↑ George W. Argus, James E. Eckenwalder, Robert W. Kiger (2010) Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 7. "Salicaceae." New York and Oxford.
* ↑ L. Leonora Hutchinson Goodrich (1912). Flora of Onondaga County as Collected by the Members of the Syracuse Botanical Club. Page 78. The McDonnell Co., Syracuse, N.Y.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix eriocephala Michx.1803. Salix eriocephala Michx. 1803. Salix cordata Muhl. non Michx. 1803. Salix rigida Muhl. 1814. Salix angustata Pursh 1895. Salix missouriensis Bebb | Heart-leaved willow Missouri willow Missouri river willow Diamond willow | Native, CoC: 3, Secure | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae

* Salix petiolarisThe three North America willows in sect. Geyerianae are S. geyeriana, S. lemmonii, and S. petiolaris. Of these, only S. petiolaris, the meadow willow or slender willow, is found in New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix petiolaris Sm.1802. S. petiolaris Sm.     S. gracilis     S. subsericea | Meadow willow, Slender willow | Native, CoC: 5, Secure, S5 FACW Perennial, Tree, Shrub | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae

* Silky willow (Salix sericea) is the sole member of sect. Griseae.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix sericea Marshall1785. Salix sericea Marshall     Salix coactilis Fernald     Salix petiolaris  var. sericea | Silky willow | Native, CoC: 5, Secure | | NYFA: 5 iNat | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae

* Salix CordataThe North American members of Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae include the 17 species: Salix arizonica, S. ballii, S. barclayi, S. boothii, S. commutata, S. cordata, S. eastwoodiae, S. farriae, S. hastata, S. monticola, S. myricoides, S. myrtillifolia, S. orestera, S. pseudomonticola, S. pseudomyrsinites, S. pyrifolia, and S. wolfii. Of these, only the two rare species S. pyrifolia (balsam willow) and S. cordata (sand dune willow) occur outside of cultivation in New York State.
* ↑ Salix (subg. Vetrix) sect. Hastatae Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix pyrifolia Andersson1838. Salix cordata  var. balsamifera  Hook. 1858. Salix balsamifera (Hook.) Barratt ex Andersson 1867. Salix pyrifolia Andersson 1914. Salix pyrifolia  var. lanceolata  (Bebb) Fernald | Balsam willow, Pear-leaved willowSaule baumier, Saule à feuilles de poirier | Native, CoC: 7, Rare | | Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton, Lewis, St.Lawrence NYFA: 3 | USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Salix cordata Michx.1803. Salix cordata Michx. 1838. Salix adenophylla Hook. 1907. Salix syrticola Fernald | Sand dune willow, Heartleaf willow, Furry willow | Native, CoC: 10, Threatened | | Chemung, Jefferson, Oswego NYFA: 2 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae (excluded taxa) | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix myricoides Muhl.1803. Salix myricoides Muhl. 1914. Salix glaucophylloides Fernald 1920. Salix glaucophylloides  var. glaucophylla  (Bebb) C.K.Schneid. | Bayberry willow, Blue-leaf willow, Broadleaf willow | N. America native, N.Y. excluded FACW Perennial, Shrub, tree | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella

* Salix discolorSection Cinerella contains Salix atrocinerea, S. aurita, S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. discolor, S. hookeriana, S. humilis, S. scouleriana, and S. × smithiana
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella | Willow | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix discolor Muhl. (1803)1803. Salix discolor Muhl. 1813. Salix fuscata Pursh 1813. Salix prinoides Pursh 1840. Salix crassa Barratt 1840. Salix sensitiva Barratt 1867. Salix discolor  var. rigidior  (Andersson) C.K.Schneid. 1868. Salix discolor  var. prinoides  (Pursh) Andersson 1901. Salix squamata Rydb. 1924. Salix discolor  var. overi  C.R.Ball 1829. Salix conformis J.Forbes 1933. Salix ancorifera Fernald | Pussy willow ⓘ Large pussy willow American willow American pussy willow Glaucous willow | Native, Secure FACW | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Salix humilis Marshall var. humilis1785. Salix humilis Marshall | Prairie willow, Tall prairie willow, Upland willow | Native, Secure | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix humilis Marshall var. tristis (Aiton) Griggs1788. Salix occidentalis Walter 1789. Salix tristis Aiton 1905. Salix humilis  var. tristis  (Aiton) Griggs 1946. Salix humilis  var. microphylla  (Andersson) Fernald | Dwarf prairie willow | Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable FACU Perennial, Shrub | Albany, Cattaraugus, Kings, Nassau, Oneida, Queens, Richmond, Schenectady, St.Lawrence, Suffolk, Tioga, Westchester NYFA: 3-4 | USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Salix caprea L. (1753) | Goat willow, Pussy willow, Hoary willow, Great sallow | Introduced from  Eurasia | NYFA: X | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix cinerea L. (1753) | European gray willow, Large gray willow, Pussy willow, Common sallow, Saule cendré | Introduced from  Eurasia, Invasive,  NYIS: 84%,  NYIS Tier: Untiered, Naturalized, SNA, G5 FACW Perennial, Tree-shrub | NYFA: X | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Salix atrocinerea Brot.1804. Salix atrocinerea Brotero 1830. Salix cinerea  var. oleifolia  Gaudin 1837. Salix cinerea  ssp. oleifolia  Macreight 1990. Salix cinerea  var. atrocinerea  (Brot.) O. Bolòs & Vigo 1998. Salix atrocinerea  ssp. jahandiezii  (Chass.) M.Ibn Tattou | Rusty willow ⓘ Rusty sallow Large gray willow Grey willow ⓘ | Introduced from  Europe, Africa, Very highly invasive,  NYIS: 84%,  NYIS Tier: 3, Naturalized, SNA, G5 FACW Perennial, Tree-shrub | NYFA: X | USDA-XX COL POWO ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix

* Salix purpureaThe Salix purpurea cultivar 'Streamco' was released in 1976, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. It was selected because of its resilience and superior performance in streambank stabilization practices. This species is also being tracked for its potentially invasive tendencies.
* ↑ Release Brochure for ‘Streamco’ (Salix purpurea L.). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Big Flats Plant Materials Center. Corning, New York 14830. January 2014
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix purpurea L.1753. Salix purpurea L. 1893. Salix purpurea  var. scharfenbergensis  Bolle 1899. Salix purpurea  var. nana  Dieck 1941. Salix caesifolia Drobow | Basket willow ⓘ Purple willow ⓘ Purple osier ⓘ Purpleosier willow ⓘ Streamco Willow ⓘ Osier rouge Saule pourpre | Introduced from  Eurasia, Potentially invasive,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: ,  GRIIS-US: Invasive, Naturalized, CP-5 FACW Perennial, Shrub, tree | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018) ||||||

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae

* Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae contains about eleven species globally and the following five willows in North America: S. drummondiana, S. pellita, S. planifolia, S. pulchra, and S. tyrrellii. None of these are known to be found in the wild in New York, although S. pellita has in the past been listed as part of the New York flora.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix pellita (Andersson) Bebb1867. Salix chlorophylla pellita Andersson (i) 1891. Salix pellita (Andersson) Bebb | Satiny willow, Silky willow, Thick-leaved willowSaule satiné | N. America native  northeast N. America, N.Y. excluded FACW Perennial, Shrub, tree | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos IPN Images Wikispecies |

###### Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella

* Salix viminalisWith about 10 species worldwide, only one species of Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella has been found to have natualized in North America, but that species, S. viminalis, is no longer considered to be part of the New York State flora.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella (excluded taxa) | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix viminalis L.1753. S. viminalis L. | Silky osier, Osier, Basket willow | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, NYMF | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-XX FNA BBG Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ New York Metropolitan Flora Project (16-Feb-2012): Salix viminalis, Silky Osier - "This European species has been reported from a handful of sites throughout our flora range, but no definitive specimens have yet been seen." ||||||

###### Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix :
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix eriocephala × sericea    Salix cordata × sericea     Salix rigida × sericea     Salix × bebbii nom. inval. | Hybrid of  Missouri willow &  silky willow | Native, Secure | | NYFA: 5 | Images Wikispecies |
| Salix petiolaris × sericea | Hybrid of  meadow willow &  silky willow | Native, Unranked | | NYFA: U | Images Wikispecies |
| Salix candida × petiolaris | Hybrid of  sage willow &  meadow willow | Native, Unranked | | NYFA: U | Images Wikispecies |
| Salix eriocephala × petiolarisSalix petiolaris × rigida | Hybrid of  Missouri willow &  meadow willow | Native, Unranked | | NYFA: U | Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids (excluded taxa) | Willow | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Salix discolor × eriocephala  Salix discolor ×   Salix eriocephala | Hybrid of  pussy willow &  Missouri willow | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | NYFA-Excluded | Images Wikispecies |