# Flora of New York/Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae

| ← Coreopsideae … Ambrosieae | Flora of New York — Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae | Flora of New York — Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae | Flora of New York — Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae | Flora of New York — Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae | → Apiales |
| ← Coreopsideae … Ambrosieae | Table of contents | Genus index | Protected species index | Invasive species index | → Apiales |

## Tribe Millerieae
### Subtribe Milleriinae
#### Smallanthus

* Smallanthus uvedalia Hairy leafcup (Smallanthus uvedalia) was present in and collected from western New York during the first half of the twentieth century, but has not been confirmed since.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Smallanthus :
| Genus Smallanthus | Smallanthus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Smallanthus uvedalia (L.) Mack. ex Small1753. Osteospermum uvedalia L.1763. Polymnia uvedalia (L.) L.1933. Smallanthus uvedalius(L.) Mack. ex Small | Hairy leafcup, Bear's-foot, Yellow-flowered leafcup | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, No recent reports | | NYFA: Z | USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies |

##### Guizotia

Niger-seed (Guizotia abyssinica) is commonly used to feed birds, which may account for its occasional temporary introduction.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Guizotia :
| Genus Guizotia Cass. | Guizotia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.1782. Polymnia abyssinica L.f.1829. Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.1836. Guizotia oleifera DC. | Niger-seed, Ramtilla | Introduced from  Africa, Impersistent UPL Annual, Herb-forb | | NYFA: X | USDA-XW Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Galinsoginae
#### Galinsoga

* Galinsoga quadriradiata shaggy soldier
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Galinsoginae :
| Genus Galinsoga Ruiz & Pav. | Gallant-soldier | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav.    G. aristulata E.P.Bicknell    G. bicolorata H.St.John & D.White    G. caracasana (DC.) Sch.Bip.    G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake | Fringed quickweed, Peruvian daisy, Shaggysoldier | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Galinsoga parviflora Cav.    Galinsoga semicalva | Gallant-soldier, Small-flowered quickweed | Introduced | | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Melampodiinae
#### Acanthospermum

* Acanthospermum australe Paraguay starbur
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Melampodiinae :
| Genus Acanthospermum Schrank | Starbur | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze1758. Melampodium australe Loefl. 1818. Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth 1820. Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank 1836. A. xanthioides (Kunth) DC. 1891. A. australe (Loefl.) Kuntze | Southern starburr, Paraguayan starbur, Paraguay-starbur, Paraguay-bur, Sheepbur, Spiny-bur | Introduced from  South America, Impersistent, Not naturalized | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |
| Acanthospermum hispidum DC.1836. A. hispidum DC. auct. A. humile non (Sw.) DC. | Hispid starburr, Hispid starbur, Bristly starbur | Introduced from  South America, Impersistent, Not naturalized | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Acanthospermum (excluded taxa) | Starbur | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Acanthospermum humile (Sw.) DC.1788. Melampodium humile Sw.1832. Centrospermum humile (Sw.) Less.1836. A. humile (Sw.) DC. | Low starburr, Low starbur | Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Misidentified | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies |
| ↑ Specimens from New York City, identified as Acanthospermum humile, were later re-itentified as Acanthospermum hispidum. ||||||

## Tribe Madieae

* Known as the tarweed tribe, Madieae includes plants known as tarweeds from the western United States.

### Subtribe Arnicinae
#### Arnica

* Arnica lanceolata ssp. prima clasping arnica
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Arnicinae — Arnica :
| Genus Arnica | Arnica | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Arnica lanceolata Nutt.ssp. lanceolata    Arnica mollisvar. petiolaris | Lance-leaved arnica, Lanceleaf arnica, New England arnica, Hairy arnicaArnica à aigrettes brunes, Arnica soyeux | Native, Endangered | | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Madiinae
#### Madia

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Madia :
| Genus Madia | Tarweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Madia glomerata Hook. | Mountain tarweed | Introduced, Impersistent, N. America native | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Madia sativa Molina | Chilean tarweed, Coast tarweed | Introduced, Impersistent, US West native | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-NX Images Wikispecies |

#### Centromadia

* Centromadia pungens ssp. pungens - common spikeweed
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Centromadia :
| Genus Centromadia | Spikeweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Centromadia pungens (Hook. & Arn.) Greenessp. pungens1841. Hartmannia pungens Hook. & Arn. 1843. Hemizonia pungens in… 1894. Centromadia pungens in… | Common spikeweed, Common tarweed, Pungent false tarplant | Introduced from  southwestern USA, Impersistent, Not naturalized | | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies |

## Tribe Eupatorieae
### Subtribe Ageratinae
#### Ageratum

* Ageratum houstonianum bluemink or flossflower
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Ageratinae — Ageratum :
| Genus Ageratum | Whiteweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Ageratum houstonianum Mill.    Ageratum houstonianum Mill. | Bluemink Houston's whiteweed ⓘ Flossflower | Introduced, Not naturalized | | NYFA: Xm | USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Ageratum (excluded taxa) | Whiteweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Ageratum conyzoides L.    Ageratum conyzoides | Goatweed Tropical whiteweed Yerba de Cabrio | Not native, N.Y. excluded,  iMapInvasives | | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Oxylobinae
#### Ageratina

* Ageratina altissima white snakeroot
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Oxylobinae — Ageratina :
| Genus Ageratina | Snakeroot | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.1753. Ageratum altissimum L.1779. Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.1970. Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. | Common white snakeroot White snakeroot RichweedEupatoire rugueuse Eupatoire à feuilles molles | Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACU Perennial, Herb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Ageratina aromatica (L.) Spach | Small white snakeroot, Small-leaved white snakeroot, Lesser snakeroot | Native, Endangered, Protected (a) | | Kings (1888), Nassau (1902-19), Queens NYFA: 1 | Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Mikaniinae
#### Mikania

* Mikania scandens climbing hempweedClimbing hempweed (Mikania scandens) is native to New York State but appears to be concentrated around Lake Ontario, the Lower Hudson Valley, and Long Island.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Mikaniinae — Mikania :
| Genus Mikania | Hempvine | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. | Climbing hempweed ⓘ Climbing boneset ⓘ | Native, CoC: 6, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-vine | | NYFA: 4 | USDA-NX Go Botany Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Gyptidinae
#### Conoclinium

* Conoclinium coelestinumThe mistflowers (genus Conoclinium) include four North American perennials, of which only blue mistflower has been found as far north and east as New York State. However the native range of blue mistflower appears to extend only as far to the northeast as southern Pennsylvania, and it is uncertain whether this plant has truly naturalized in New York.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Gyptidinae — Conoclinium :
| Genus Conoclinium | Thoroughwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC.1753. Eupatorium coelestinum L.1836. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC.1878. Conoclinium dichotomum Chapm. | Blue mistflower, Blue boneset | Introduced, N. America native | | NYFA: X | USDA-NX? Go Botany-0 VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Liatridinae
#### Liatris

* Liatris spicataBlazing star (Liatris) species are native to much of eastern North America, but only Liatris scariosa and Liatris cylindracea are listed as clearly native to New York State, and those are listed as threatened or endangered. Apparently the most common Liatris species in New York, Liatris spicata is listed with "Unknown Native Status" in the New York Flora Atlas, and BONAP lists it as "Species native, but adventive in state" for both New York and New England.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Liatridinae — Liatris :
| Genus Liatris | Blazing star | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Liatris spicata (L.) Willd.var. spicata | Button blazing star Marsh blazing star Dense blazing star Dense gayfeather Sessile-headed blazing star ⓘ | N. America native, Unk. NY nativity FAC Perennial, Herb-forb, Sun | NYFA: UN NYFA: 9 counties iNat 8 counties | USDA-NN Go Botany NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd.var. novae-angliae Lunell | New England blazing star | Native, CoC: 9, Threatened | NYFA: 2 | USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd.var. nieuwlandii (Lunell) E.G. Voss | Nieuwland's blazing star | Native, CoC: 8, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Liatris cylindracea Michx. | Slender blazing-star | Native, CoC: 9, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Liatris aspera Michx. | Rough gayfeather, Tall blazing star, Tall gayfeather | Introduced, N. America native | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Images Wikispecies |
| Liatris pycnostachya Michx.var. pycnostachya | Thick-spiked blazing star, Cattail gayfeather, Prairie blazing star | Introduced from  US midwest, Midwest native | NYFA: X | USDA-N0 Go Botany NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

### Subtribe Eupatoriinae

* The Eupatoriinae contains the Joe-Pye weeds and thoroughworts, both of which were formerly placed in the genus Eupatorium. However, in 1970, Robert M. King and Harold E. Robinson recommended moving the Joe-Pye weeds to a new genus Eupatoriadelphus. Subsequent molecular studies supported their recommendation for the taxon split, but it was determined that Eutrochium Raf. (1836) was an earlier validly published genus name for Joe-Pye weeds, so Eric E. Lamont transferred the Joe-pye weeds to Eutrochium in 2004.
* ↑ King, R. M., and H. Robinson, 1970b. "Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXV. A new genus which they coined Eupatoriadelphus." Phytologia 19: 431–432.
* ↑ Eric E. Lamont (2004) "New combinations in Eutrochium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), an earlier name than Eupatoriadelphus." SIDA, contributions to botany. 21: 901-902.

#### Eupatorium

* Eupatorium perfoliatum common bonesetEupatorium (thoroughwort or boneset) contains the white-flowering plants of the Eupatoriinae, native to the northern hemisphere. Most Eupatorium species found in New York are native to the state, and many are listed a protected species.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eupatorium :
| Genus Eupatorium | Thoroughwort | N.Y. Status | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Eupatorium perfoliatum L.1753. Eupatorium perfoliatum L.1903. Eupatorium chapmanii Small | Common boneset, Thoroughwort, Boneset thoroughwort, ThoroughwaxEupatoire perfoliée | Native, CoC: 3, Secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium hyssopifolium | Hyssop-leavedthoroughwort Hyssopleafthoroughwort | Native, CoC: 3, Vulnerable | NYFA: 3-4 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium pilosum    Eupatorium rotundifoliumvar. saundersii | Vervain thoroughwort, Rough boneset | Native, Vulnerable | NYFA: 3-4 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium torreyanum | Torrey’s thoroughwort | Native, Threatened | NYFA: 2 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium subvenosum | White thoroughwort | Native, Threatened | NYFA: 2-3 | USDA-N Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium leucolepis | White-bracted   thoroughwort, Justiceweed | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium rotundifoliumvar. rotundifolium    Eupatorium verbenifolium | Round-leaved boneset, Roundleaf thoroughwort | Native, Endangered | NYFA: Z | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium pubescens Muhl. ex Willd.    Eupatorium pubescens    E. rotundifoliumssp. ovatum    E. rotundifoliumvar. ovatum | Hairy boneset, Hairy thoroughwort, Roundleaf thoroughwort | Native, Endangered | NYFA: 1 | USDA- FNA Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium serotinum | Late-flowering   thorough-wort, Late boneset | N. America native, Unknown NY nativity, SNR, G5 FAC Perennial, Herb-forb | NYFA: 2 | USDA-NX Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium resinosum | Pine barren boneset | Native, Extirpated | NYFA: Z | Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium sessilifolium L. | Upland boneset, Sessile-leaved boneset | Native, CoC: 7, Unranked | NYFA: U | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium altissimum | Tall boneset, Tall thoroughwort | N. America native, Unknown NY nativity | NYFA: X | USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small ex Porter & Britton    Eupatorium capillifolium in… | Dog fennel ⓘ Dogfennel ⓘ | N. America native, Unk. NY nativity | NYFA: U | USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium cannabinum1753. Eupatorium cannabinum L. | Hemp-agrimonyEupatoire chanvrine, Eupatoire à   feuilles de chanvre | Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized | NYFA: X | USDA-XX Go Botany-0 VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Eupatorium album L.    Eupatorium album L.    Eupatorium glandulosum Michx.    Eupatorium fernaldii Godfrey    Eupatorium petaloideum | White thoroughwort | Native, Endangered | NYFA-Excluded | USDA-N Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies Note: CA |
| ↑ The New York Flora Atlas lists E. rotundifolium var. ovatum as E. pubescens. The Flora of North America says "Variety ovatum is an apomictic polyploid that may be a derivative of Eupatorium rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Morphologically, it is closer to E. rotundifolium than to E. sessilifolium; the name E. pubescens has priority at species rank." ||||||

#### Eutrochium

* Eutrochium maculatum spotted Joe-Pye weedEutrochium (commonly called Joe Pye weed) contains the purple-flowered North American species of the Eupatoriinae. Until 2004, these species were included in the genus Eupatorium and later Eupatoriadelphus.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eutrochium :
| Genus Eutrochium | Joe-Pye weed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. maculatum1755. Eupatorium maculatum L. 1970. Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont | Spotted Joe Pye weed ⓘ Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ Spotted Joe-Pye weed ⓘ Eupatoire maculée ⓘ | Native, CoC: 4, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies |
| Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. foliosum1908. Eupatorium purpureum  var. foliosum  Fernald 1920. Eupatorium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) Wiegand 2004. Eutrochium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) E.E. Lamont | Leafy Joe Pye weed ⓘ Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ Eupatoire feuillue ⓘ | Native, CoC: 4, Unranked OBL Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: Nu | USDA-NN ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. purpureum1753. Eupatorium purpureum L. 1917. Cunigunda purpurea (L.) Lunell 1970. Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont | Purple Joe-Pye weed, Sweet-scented Joe-Pye weed, Sweetscented joe pye weed, Green-stem joe-pyeweed | Native, CoC: 7, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont1841. Eupatorium purpureum  var. angustifolium  Torr. & A.Gray 1849. Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt 1970. Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont | Hollow Joe-Pye weed, Trumpetweed | Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 5 | USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont1812. Eupatorium dubium Willd. ex Poir. 1970. Eupatoriadelphus dubius (Willd. ex Poir.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont | Coastal plain Joe-Pye weed, Joe-Pye thoroughwort | Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FACW Perennial, Herb-forb | | NYFA: 3 | USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |
| Genus Eutrochium (excluded taxa) | Joe-Pye weed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
| Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. bruneri    Eupatoriadelphus maculatusvar. bruneri    Eupatorium bruneri A.Gray | Spotted Joe-Pye weed | N. America native, N.Y. excluded | | | USDA-NN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies |

##### Eutrochium identification

| Eutrochium | Joe-Pye Weed | Floret color | Florets per head | Capitulescence shape | Stem color (besides green) | Stem glaucousness (white bloom) | Central stem cavity (hollow/solid) | Leaf taper to petiole | Whorled Leaves per Node | Leaf main veins | Max stem height |
| E. purpureum | Purple or Sweet | pale pink, purplish | (4-)5 - 8(-10) | round, domed | dark purple at nodes | not/scarcely glaucous | solid or thin cavity at base | gradual taper | 3 - 4 | 1 | 2 m |
| E. fistulosum | Hollow or Trumpetweed | pink-purple | (4-)5 - 8(-10) | round, domed | purple throughout | prominently glaucous | large cavity (hollow) | gradual taper | (3)4 - 7(8) | 1 | 3 m |
| E. maculatum | Spotted | purplish | (8-)9 - 20(-22) | flatish top | purple spots or all purple | rarely glaucous | solid or thin cavity at base | gradual taper | 4 - 5(>5) | 1 | 2 m |
| E. dubium | Coastal-plain | purple | (4-)5 - >8(-10) | round, domed | fine purple spots/streaks | | | abruptly narrowed | | 3 | 1 m |