OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ways to build self esteem

* Fear is detrimental to self esteem.
* Finding gaps in your knowledge and filling them or otherwise addressing them can lessen the fears associated with those gaps.
* Fear can be a good guide to finding gaps in your knowledge.
* Taking time regularly to meditate about recent events can be beneficial and dangerous too. XXX (anon65 - conflicting objectives)
** A danger for autistic spectrum people that Marc Segars guide talks about is getting into circular reasoning traps. See the section on "self maintainance" for more on this, and how to avoid them.
** Comparing recent events, good and bad, with what you would have expected to happen can teach you more about social interaction, or reinforce what you already know.
* Having hobbies and engaging in personal interests is one of the best ways to build self esteem. The better you are at them, the greater the reward will be, but:
** Be very careful to investigate and understand the dangers in your hobbies. Take safety seriously. There's no point in developing a skill today that you can't use tomorrow.
** Don't let anybody force you into taking up a hobby.
** Don't let anybody manipulate you into giving up a hobby.
*** People may try to get you to give up a hobby by saying that it is childish or dangerous or takes up too much time. There may or may not be some truth in what they say.
*** They may try to imply that YOU are childish or ignorant or dangerous for having your hobbies and interests. This is almost certainly wrong.
*** If you take your own safety and the safety of others seriously, then ignoring warnings is a bad idea.
*** In virtually all cases it is possible to negotiate compromises that enable a hobby or interest to be pursued, while avoiding its dangers.
*** People who keep coming up with new reasons why you shouldn't keep pursuing your interests and hobbies when their old reasons have been proven wrong and who avoid negotiation are almost certainly not trying to help you.
*** If someone is persistent in doing this, then there may be other underlying issues on their mind that need to be addressed. Finding out what they are and dealing with them can be an educational and rewarding experience.
* Successfully helping someone else achieve something they need is an incredible self esteem booster.
** When doing this involves sharing or developing your personal interests, it is even better.
** It is possible to experience negative emotions from assisting people too. If you feel this happening, it's often best to reconsider.
** Beware that placing yourself in danger to save someone and getting hurt yourself means that both of you need to be rescued, and this means that such an act can ultimately hurt the person you're trying to help, because you end up halving the attention the rescuers have for the victim.
** Autistic spectrum people can succeed in learning the social games that people play with some effort, but are nearly always at a severe disadvantage. Therefore, developing interests that are useful to others is well worth the effort.
# AutoCAD/Basic Drawing Tools
## Basic drawing tools
### Point

Creates a symbol on the drawing that is tied to a specific point. It is defined by coordinates (x,y,z). It is not necessary to create points when you want to draw other geometric entities.

### Construction line tools

Ray = A line with a defined starting point with infinite length at a specified slope, the command for which is "RAY" and then you need to give the specifications.
Xline = An infinite line with no start or end point at a specified slope. Base point can be snapped with middle point snap mode. Shortcut "xl"

### Polyline

Polylines are the main business of most drawings. A polyline is made of numerous lines/arcs/or both segmented together into one selectable object. Polylines are quite versatile and the PEDIT(Polyline Edit) command can be used to access & edit many of the features associated with them. Shortcut "pl"

### Polygon

Polygons are regular, multisided shapes such as pentagons, hexagons etc. When this tool is employed, AutoCAD requests the number of sides desired and then asks whether the shape is to be defined as sitting on a circle of specified radius, or by the length of a side. The objects created from this command become "Closed Polylines" and can be edited using PEDIT.

### Rectangle

This is a quick way of drawing a four-segment polyline with four right angles. Shortcut "rec".

### Arc

An arc is a circle segment. When using this tool the user can define the arc by selecting three points through which AutoCAD will generate an arc, or alternatively the user can define a center point, a radius and a range of degrees to fill.

### Circle

The only variables here are radius and centre point. Shortcut "c"

### Spline

Splines are a particular form of curve generated by specific mathematical equations. The user can select as many vertices as they wish, and AutoCAD will generate a spline curve that incorporates all these points. Splines are generally used for cosmetic purposes, as their mathematical complexity makes them hard to define from a technical design perspective. Shortcut "spl"

### Ellipse

Basically an oval. Similar to a circle, except ellipses require a radius to be defined for both their vertical and horizontal components. Shortcut "el"

### Hatch

Hatches are area fills. They can be made up of a solid color, a gradient (in later versions of AutoCAD) or more usually a specific pattern. Hatches can be applied to a particular object such as a looped polyline, or any enclosed area. They can be (and usually should be) defined as being "associative" which means that if the area in which they are contained is adjusted, the hatching will update automatically.

### Text

Inserts a text string into the drawing. AutoCAD uses two forms of text entry, single line and multiline. These are known respectively as DTEXT and MTEXT. DTEXT is very much a leftover from AutoCAD's early years and there is no real justification for using its very basic system when the MTEXT option has features similar to a conventional text editor.you may also select command TEXT for undefined area.
# London System Main Line with 3. ...e6

In the London System, White aims for a solid, flexible pawn structure and develops their dark-squared bishop early to f4.
When Black responds with 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 d5 3. e3 e6, they aim for:
* A solid pawn chain in the center while also developing their pieces.
* A straightforward setup that avoids complex theory, making it suitable for amateur players and those familiar with Queen's Gambit Declined structures.
* Achieving a comfortable position and, rather than going for an immediate pawn break, they plan for one in the midgame, allowing for a more positional and strategic battle.
This setup can result in a closed game, and Black might look to expand on the queenside or prepare a central break with ...e5 or ...c5 later in the game. Overall, the setup is about achieving a solid position without entering into deep theoretical battles and also keeping options open for different plans based on how White proceeds.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 e6
| | 4 | |
| Main line with e6 | Nd2 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References
### Bibliography

* Hellman, Kamryn (2023). The London System: This Opening Got Me to 1500.
* Henley, Ron W. (2020). The London System - A Legendary Chess Opening For White.
* Nakamura, Hikaru (2023). Learn the London with Hikaru.
* Rozman, Levy (2020). Learn the London System -10-Minute Chess Openings.
* Georgiev, Kiril (2017). Fighting the London System. Chess Stars. ISBN 978-6197188158.
* Johnsen, Sverre; Kovačević, Vlatko (2005). Win with the London System (1st ed.). Gambit Publications. ISBN 978-1904600350.
* Lakdawala, Cyrus (2010). Play the London System. Everyman Chess. ISBN 978-1-857-44639-5.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* Modern Chess Openings: MCO-14. 1999. Nick de Firmian, Walter Korn. ISBN 0-8129-3084-3.
* Sedlak, Nikola (2016). Winning with the Modern London System. Chess Evolution. ISBN 978-83-944290-9-6.
# London System Main Line with Black ...e6 and ...c5

After 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6 3. e3 d5 4. Nd2 c5, Black opts for a setup reminiscent of the Queen's Gambit Declined (QGD). This approach aims for a solid yet flexible structure, central and queenside counterplay, and harmonious development of pieces:
* Solid Central Pawn Structure: With ...e6 and ...d5, Black sets up a strong pawn chain in the center, often making it difficult for White to easily break through.
* Challenging White's Center: The move ...c5 directly targets White's central d4 pawn. This pawn break aims to destabilize White's pawn center and create counterplay on the queenside.
* Development and King Safety: Black can continue with natural developing moves such as ...Nc6 and ...Bd6, exchanging off White's active dark-squared bishop if possible. Following up with ...O-O ensures the king's safety.
* Activating the Light-Squared Bishop: One of Black's challenges in the QGD setup is the passive light-squared bishop on c8. Black can consider plans such as ...b6 and ...Ba6, or even a timely ...e5 pawn break, to free this bishop.
* Queenside Counterplay: Using the semi-open c-file, Black can look to increase pressure on the queenside. Rooks can be quickly deployed to the c-file, and pieces like the knight on b8 can be developed to c6, supporting the ...c5 break and increasing pressure on d4.
* Central Breaks: Depending on White's setup, Black can consider the ...e5 break in the center, especially if the opportunity arises where the d4 pawn can be targeted.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 e6 4. Nd2 c5
| | 5 | |
| Main Line with Black ...e6 and ...c5 | c3 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References
### Bibliography

* chess.com - Indian Game: London System - Chess Openings
* 365chess.com - London System Opening Complete Guide - 365Chess
* stackexchange.com - opening - Battling the London System - Chess Stack
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
# London System Indian Setup with 2. Bf4 e6

After 3. e3, White aims for a solid, unbreakable center and potential queenside expansion, while Black seeks to challenge the center and develop harmoniously, keeping multiple pawn breaks and piece maneuvers in mind. After the moves 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6 3. e3, both sides have committed to certain pawn structures and plans:

### White's Position and Plans:

* Pawn Structure & Central Control:
** White's pawn chain (d4-e3) is solid and tough to break. This setup supports the dark-squared bishop on f4 and restricts Black's pawn breaks.
* Piece Activity:
** The Bf4 targets the d6 square and is also out of the pawn chain, ensuring its active participation in the game.
* Plans:
** Development and King Safety: Nf3 and Bd3 are natural moves, followed by O-O.
** Queenside Play: With the center secure, White can consider a queenside expansion with c4 (often after Nbd2), possibly followed by Qb3, Rc1, and a3-b4.
** Center Control: Maintaining the pawn on d4 and preventing ...e5 or ...c5 breaks.
** King's Side Attack: If Black fianchettoes the king's side, h2-h3 followed by g2-g4 can be a pawn storm plan.

### Black's Position and Plans:

* Pawn Structure & Central Control:
** Black's ...e6 provides support for a potential ...d5 pawn break, directly challenging White's center.
* Piece Activity:
** The Nf6 is well placed, pressurizing the e4 square.
* Plans:
** Central Breaks: ...d5 is the most straightforward plan to challenge White's central structure.
** Bishop Development: The light-squared bishop can be developed to d6, challenging White's Bf4, or to e7. An alternative plan involves a fianchetto setup with ...b6 and ...Bb7.
** Queenside Play: ...c5 can be an effective pawn break to challenge the center and open lines for the rooks and queen.
** King's Side Play: If White overextends on the kingside, counterplay with ...Nh5 can challenge the Bf4 or ...f5 can be considered in some setups.
** Knight Maneuvers: The knight on b8 can be developed to d7 or c6 based on the requirements of the position.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6 3. e3
| | 3 | |
| (to) London System Main Position with e6 | ... d5 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* chess.com - Indian Game: London System - Chess Openings
* 365chess.com - London System Opening Complete Guide - 365Chess
* stackexchange.com - opening - Battling the London System - Chess Stack
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
# London System Main Line with Black ...e6 and ...c5

When Black faces the London System and adopts the sequence of moves 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6 3. e3 d5 4. Nd2 c5 5. c3 Nc6, they employ a blend of classical central control and active piece development. Black's strategy in this line of the London System is centered around challenging the center, active piece deployment, and flexible pawn structures. Black aims to counteract White's plans and seize the initiative whenever opportunities arise. The strategy encompasses:
* Challenging the Center: With ...d5 and ...c5, Black directly challenges White's central pawns, aiming to break the typical pawn structures White might establish. The goal is to create a more dynamic game and avoid getting squeezed by a potential White pawn roller in the center.
* Active Knight Development: With ...Nf6 and ...Nc6, Black gets both knights to their most natural squares, pressuring the d4 pawn and supporting potential central pawn breaks.
* Flexible Bishop Deployment: In this setup, Black has options regarding the light-squared bishop. Depending on White's responses, the bishop can be fianchettoed with ...b6 and ...Bb7, or it can come out more traditionally with ...Bd6 or ...Be7.
* Queenside Counterplay: Black's ...c5 pawn break, combined with the knight on c6, allows for potential queenside operations. Moves like ...Qb6, targeting the b2 pawn, or doubling rooks on the c-file, can generate tangible threats.
* Central Pawn Breaks: Depending on White's setup and pawn structure, Black can look for a timely ...e5 or ...d4 pawn thrust, opening up the center and freeing their pieces.
* King Safety: Depending on the flow of the game, Black can opt for a short castle with ...Be7 followed by ...O-O. If the game becomes more open and there are potential tactics or threats on the kingside, Black might consider a long castle, though it's less common in these structures.
* Trade Considerations: Given White's active dark-squared bishop on f4, Black might seek to exchange it with ...Bd6 at the right moment. Removing this bishop can neutralize some of White's pressure and make Black's game easier to play.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 e6 4. Nd2 c5 5. c3 Nc6
| | 6 | |
| Main Line with e6 and c5 | Nf3 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References
### Bibliography

* Sedice, Shaun (2022). The London System – Play the Opening as White & Black. chessable.com.
* chess.com - Indian Game: London System - Chess Openings
* 365chess.com - London System Opening Complete Guide - 365Chess
* stackexchange.com - opening - Battling the London System - Chess Stack
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
# London System Main Line with ...d5

The London System is a solid and flexible opening system for white that can be played against various setups by black. After the moves:
* 1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 or
* 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 d5 3. e3
The main ideas for both sides in the London System's main line are:
For White:
* Development and Structure: Nf3, Be2, c3, and often Nbd2 followed by a potential e4 break or the more restrained h3 and O-O. The pawn on d4 and the pawn on e3 provide a solid central structure.
* Queenside Expansion: With moves like a4-a5 or a queenside pawn storm with b4, aiming for a potential minority attack.
* King Safety: Usually achieved with O-O. The rook on f1 might later swing over to the c-file or e-file.
* Central Break: Depending on Black's setup, White can aim for e4 at some point.
For Black:
* Challenge the Bishop: ...c5 or ...Nh5 can be played to challenge White's strong Bf4.
* Development: e6 followed by Be7, O-O, and Nbd7 or Nc6. Depending on the situation, the light-squared bishop can be developed to d7, f5, or g4.
* Central Control: Black usually maintains a pawn on d5 and can consider playing ...e5 under the right conditions.
* Queenside Counterplay: Black can look for counterplay with moves like ...a6 and ...b5, depending on White's play.
For a general introduction to the London System, take a closer look at 1. d4 d5 2. Bf4

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3
| | 3 | |
| System with e6 | ... e6 | = |
| Early c5 | ... c5 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References
### Bibliography

* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
# London System Main Line with ...d5

The London System is a solid and flexible opening system for white that can be played against various setups by black. After the moves:
* 1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 or
* 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 d5 3. e3
The main ideas for both sides in the London System's main line are:
For White:
* Development and Structure: Nf3, Be2, c3, and often Nbd2 followed by a potential e4 break or the more restrained h3 and O-O. The pawn on d4 and the pawn on e3 provide a solid central structure.
* Queenside Expansion: With moves like a4-a5 or a queenside pawn storm with b4, aiming for a potential minority attack.
* King Safety: Usually achieved with O-O. The rook on f1 might later swing over to the c-file or e-file.
* Central Break: Depending on Black's setup, White can aim for e4 at some point.
For Black:
* Challenge the Bishop: ...c5 or ...Nh5 can be played to challenge White's strong Bf4.
* Development: e6 followed by Be7, O-O, and Nbd7 or Nc6. Depending on the situation, the light-squared bishop can be developed to d7, f5, or g4.
* Central Control: Black usually maintains a pawn on d5 and can consider playing ...e5 under the right conditions.
* Queenside Counterplay: Black can look for counterplay with moves like ...a6 and ...b5, depending on White's play.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3
| | 3 | |
| System with e6 | ... e6 | = |
| Early c5 | ... c5 | = |

## References
### Bibliography

* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
# London System Indian Setup with 2. Bf4 e6

The Indian Setup with ...e6 in the London System represents a flexible and adaptive approach for Black against the London. When White opts for the London System by playing 1.d4 and 2.Bf4, the setup with ...Nf6 and ...e6 allows Black to keep multiple options open for further development.
* Pawn Structure & Central Control:
** White's d4 pawn, supported by the Bf4 bishop, grants a slight central space advantage.
** Black's ...e6 provides the option for a central break with ...d5, directly challenging White's central structure.
* Piece Activity:
** White's Bf4 is actively placed and targets the d6 square.
** Black's Nf6 challenges the e4 square, discouraging immediate pawn advances by White.
* Plans and Strategies:
** White often proceeds with Nf3, e3, and Bd3 to complete development and ensure central control.
** Black has several plans, including playing ...d5 for a symmetrical structure or opting for a double fianchetto with ...b6 and ...g6.
* Key Imbalances:
** If Black chooses ...d5 and exchanges occur on d5, the resulting pawn structure becomes symmetrical, shifting the game's dynamics towards piece activity and coordination.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6
| | 2 | |
| (to) London System Main Position with e6 | ... e3 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* chess.com - Indian Game: London System - Chess Openings
* 365chess.com - London System Opening Complete Guide - 365Chess
* stackexchange.com - opening - Battling the London System - Chess Stack
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.
# London System Main Line with Black ...e6 and ...c5

In the London System, following the moves 1. d4 Nf6 2. Bf4 e6 3. e3 d5 4. Nd2, White's strategy emphasizes proactive queenside development for defensive purposes and capitalizes on the activity of the dark-squared bishop to press for an advantage. White's strategy is based on the following core principles:
* Queenside Development for Defense: By proactively developing pieces on the queenside, White ensures a robust defense of the b2 pawn. This pawn often becomes vulnerable to attacks, especially when Black aims for ...Qb6, putting direct pressure on it.
* Leveraging the Active Bishop: The placement of the dark-squared bishop on f4 grants White a dynamic piece that can exert influence across the board. Its active positioning enhances White's prospects in both the middlegame and the endgame.
* Counteracting the Queen’s Gambit Declined Approach: While Black can attempt to adopt the structure and plans of the Queen's Gambit Declined, this often turns favorable for White. With the dark-squared bishop already actively placed outside the pawn chain, White generally retains a minor advantage, especially as the game transitions into endgame scenarios.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1. d4 d5 2. Bf4 Nf6 3. e3 e6 4. Nd2
| | 4 | |
| Main line with e6 | ... c5 | = |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References
### Bibliography

* chess.com - Indian Game: London System - Chess Openings
* 365chess.com - London System Opening Complete Guide - 365Chess
* stackexchange.com - opening - Battling the London System - Chess Stack
* Chess Opening Crash Course: The London System
* Win with the London System. 2005. Sverre Johnsen, Vlatko Kovačević. ISBN 1-9046-0035-2.