# Minecraft resource gathering/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Minecraft_resource_gathering

# Preface

This book is intended to give instructions on the best ways to gather resources, like diamonds, in Minecraft.

## Versions

The book isn’t meant to be version specific. It gives info regarding older versions as well. For example, the page about diamonds will describe the best strategies for mining diamonds both prior to the Caves and Cliffs update and after.

# Amethyst

Amethyst blocks are a decorative block found in Geodes. Its texture is purple with sparkles, and it makes unique sounds when walked on, broken, placed or hit.

## Versions

Amethist blocks were added in the the Caves and Cliffs Part 1 update (1.17), and first appeared in snapshot 20w45a.

## Acquiring

Amethyst blocks generate inside amethyst geodes, which can be found underground at lower altitudes. Amethyst geodes have an outer layer of smooth basalt, a middle layer of calcite and an inner layer of amethyst.
Amethyst blocks are of two types, regular and budding. Budding amethyst has an X on it and grows amethyst crystals over time. Do not attempt to destroy it as it does not drop anything.
Amethyst crystals can be farmed using a piston and observer. Nine amethyst crystals in a 3x3 grid can be crafted into an amethyst block.

# Ancient Debris

Ancient Debris is a rare ore found in the Nether. Once smelted into Netherite Scrap, it is used to craft Netherite Ingots, the highest tier of material, which can be used in a Smithing Table to upgrade diamond tools and armor.
36 blocks of Ancient Debris must be mined to upgrade a full set of gear (as it requires 9 Netherite Ingots). Additional Ancient Debris can be used to upgrade more gear or craft Netherite Blocks and Lodestones.

## Obtaining

Ancient Debris generates in the lower parts of the Nether, being most common at Y=16, so it is recommended to search at that level. Only a few blocks of Ancient Debris are can be found in each chunk. In addition, it never generates exposed to air, meaning that you must dig through the Nether to find it.
Every Nether biome contains Ancient Debris, but it is more difficult to mine for in Basalt Deltas due to the abundance of Blackstone and Basalt blocks, which are harder to mine through.
Since you are mining through large volumes of Netherrack, care must be taken to avoid being caught out by underground lava pockets. A Fire Resistance potion will eliminate this worry, but armor with a level of Fire Protection is a more practical way to give yourself time to get out of lava.
Ancient Debris is not affected by the Fortune enchantment and requires a Diamond Pickaxe or higher to successfully mine.
As well as generating in the Nether, blocks of Ancient Debris can be found in some Bastion chests.
Ancient Debris in loot chests :
| Bastion type | Count | Chance |

### Ore Generation Specifics

Two types of Ancient Debris veins generate in the Nether. Small veins generate uniformly across all heights, but can only contain up to 2 blocks. Large veins generate in a triangular distribution at levels 8–24, meaning that they're most common at Y=16. They can contain up to 3 blocks. However, most veins of both types only contain a single block.

### TNT Strip Mining

Strip mine in a straight line for 50 blocks (you can go further if you wish). Then walk back through your tunnel, placing TNT every four blocks. Once back at the start, ignite one piece of TNT and return to a safe area. The explosions clear Netherrack, leaving behind the blast-proof Ancient Debris. The process can be repeated by digging sideways for 15 blocks and, from there, creating another tunnel parallel to the first one.
This method uses a lot of TNT, so it is useful to have farmable sources for Sand and Gunpowder so that it can be crafted in bulk.

### Bed Mining

Another method to reveal ancient debris is using Beds, which explode in the Nether. This can be an effective technique earlier in the game since beds are cheap to craft. However, Beds are difficult to transport (since they don't stack) and their explosion creates fire which can obstruct Ancient Debris or damage the player.
The basic concept is, as with other methods, to remove Netherrack and (hopefully) reveal any nearby Ancient Debris. You can do this by digging a short tunnel into the Netherrack, and repeating the following steps at intervals along it. You can extend the tunnel as you go.
* At eye level, dig a hole into the tunnel's wall that extends as far as you can reach.
* At the end of the hole, place a bed. (To place it, you must right-click the second-to-last block of the hole.)
* Right-click the bed to explode it.
* Check the crater for any newly-exposed Ancient Debris, being mindful of any fire.
To help with the issue of transporting beds, you can instead carry the materials to craft beds (Planks and Wool). When mining with Beds, be wary of the fact that the explosion will also damage you. This is up to 13 HP (Hard difficulty) without armor, but full Diamond Armor reduces this to 2 HP. If you only have weak armor, you can reduce the damage to 6 HP by partially blocking up the hole with a slab.

### Manual Mining

Using a Diamond Pickaxe enchanted with at least Efficiency II, Netherrack can be broken instantly. This makes it easier to clear out large amounts of Netherrack at Y=16. Ancient Debris will be left intact due to its longer mining time.
This method carries a greater risk of dying to lava. To help with this, stand a few blocks away from mined blocks and have a building block in your off-hand to quickly block off any lava.

## Uses

Ancient Debris can be smelted in a Furnace or Blast Furnace to create Netherite Scrap (awarding 2 XP). 4 Netherite Scraps can be combined with 4 Gold Ingots on a crafting table to create 1 Netherite Ingot.
Ancient Debris is one of the few blocks that are immune to explosions but can still be pushed by pistons.

## History

Ancient Debris (along with other Netherite items) was added 1.16 (the Nether Update). They first appeared in snapshot 20w06a.

## References

* ↑ Östergård, Adrian (2020-05-02). "Minecraft Snapshot 20w06a". Minecraft.net. Mojang. Retrieved 2023-01-13.

# Apple

Apples are a renewable food source and crafting material obtainable from Oak trees and Villager trading.

## Obtaining
### Oak trees

The simplest way to gather an Apple is to cut down an Oak or Dark Oak tree and wait for its leaves to decay: each leaf has a 1 in 200 chance of dropping an apple.
A faster method is to manually break the leaves. You don't need a tool for this, but a Hoe enchanted with Efficiency lets you instantly break them. Furthermore, the Fortune enchantment (with any tool) improves your chances of receiving an apple.
How Fortune affects the drop rate for Apples :
| Enchantment | Drop rate |
| None | 1 in 200 |
| Fortune I | 1 in 180 |
| Fortune II | 1 in 160 |
| Fortune III | 1 in 120 |

### Villagers

Farmer villagers can sell 4 Apples for 1 Emerald. This is one of three possible second-tier (Apprentice) trades, meaning that ⅔ of Farmers will sell Apples.
Since the base price is 1 Emerald, this offer doesn't have any discounts and therefore isn't affected by positive reputation or curing. However, it is still worth curing Farmers to receive discounts on their other useful trades, including selling Golden Carrots and buying Potatoes/Carrots.

### Chests

Apples can be found as loot in some naturally-generating Chests.
Chances of finding apples in different Chests :
| Chest | Chance | Chance (%) | Count |
| Bonus chest | 5 in 11 | 45% | 1–2 |
| Stronghold crossing | 15 in 62 | 24% | 1–3 |
| Igloo | 5 in 21 | 24% | 1–3 |
| Village Plains house | 10 in 43 | 23% | 1–5 |
| Village Weaponsmith | 15 in 94 | 16% | 1–3 |
| Stronghold corridor | 3 in 20 | 15% | 1–3 |

## Uses

An apple provides 4 hunger points and 2.4 saturation when eaten. In addition, surrounding an apple with 8 Gold Ingots at a Crafting Table makes a Golden Apple, which gives Regeneration II for 5 seconds and Absorption for 2 minutes.
You can feed Horses Apples to heal them by 4 health, or breed them if they are at full health.
Apples can also be composted, with a 65% chance of adding a compost layer. On average, you'll need 10.77 Apples to get 1 Bonemeal.

## History
### Java Edition
#### Java Edition Indev 0.31

* Apples were first added in Indev version 0.31 as the second food item, after Mushrooms
* They were only obtainable from the starter chest
* Apples restored 4 health points when eaten (this was before the hunger bar was added)

#### Java Edition Infdev

* When Minecraft left the Indev development stage, the starter house was removed, making Apples unobtainable

#### Java Edition Beta 1.8

* Beta 1.8 introduced the hunger system, meaning that apples now restored hunger instead of health points
* Apples (along with other foods) can now be stacked
* Apples can now be found in Stronghold Chests

#### Java Edition 1.1

* Apples were made a renewable resource in version 1.1, which added apples as a possible drop from Oak Leaves
* 1.1 also added Chests to Blacksmith Village buildings, which could contain apples

#### Java Edition 1.3.1

* Farmer Villagers can now sell apples
* Bonus Chests were added, which often contain apples

#### Java Edition 1.5

* The drop rate for Apples from Leaves is now affected by Fortune

#### Java Edition 1.9

* Igloos were added with Chests that sometimes contain Apples

# Charcoal

Charcoal is a renewable fuel and crafting ingredient obtained by smelting logs. In most recipies that would require coal, charcoal can be used as a substitute. This makes it most valuable in the early game, when coal is scarce.

## Obtaining

You get Charcoal by smelting logs in a furnace. You can use any source of fuel, such as planks (a sensible choice if you have access to lots of wood), coal or charcoal, and even lava buckets or blaze rods.

## Uses

Charcoal is in many cases, a valid alternative to coal. It can be used as fuel, with each charcoal smelting 8 items. However, you can’t craft charcoal blocks like you can coal blocks.
Also, it’s used in the crafting recipes of campfires, fire charges, torches, and soul torches, as an alternative to regular coal.

# Clay

Clay can be found in riverbeds, lake floors and in shallow oceans, and can be mined with a shovel (or your fist if you fancy drowning) to get clay balls, which can be smelted into bricks, or crafted back together into clay blocks, which can be smelted into terracotta.
It may help to use a potion of water breathing or enchant your helmet with respiration if you plan to mine clay in large quantities.
If you use Silk Touch, it drops the clay block.

# Coal
## Obtaining

Coal is found underground on any level and can be mined with any pickaxe. If you use a pickaxe enchanted with Silk Touch, it will drop the ore, which is pretty useless except for decoration. If your pickaxe is enchanted with fortune, you will get multiple pieces of coal.
Coal can also drop from the dangerous Wither Skeleton.

## Uses

Coal can be used as a fuel. One piece of coal can smelt 8 items. However a Block Of Coal (crafted with 9 coal) can smelt 80 items. Blocks of coal can also be used as decoration. If you like the way they look, you might want to use charcoal, blaze rods, or lava as your primary source of fuel instead.

# Concrete

Concrete cannot be found naturally in Minecraft. The only way to obtain it is to make it. Here's how.

## Concrete powder

There are only three ingredients to craft Concrete Powder: 4 Sand, 4 Gravel, and any color of dye.

## Turning it into concrete

You need to put the concrete powder in water to get concrete. And you're done!

# Copper
## Finding copper

Copper is found underground in the form of copper ore veins. Copper ore generates between layers -16 to 112 of the overworld, although it spawns more frequently in the Dripstone Caves biome.
Copper also generates as a part of copper ore veins, which are rare underground terrain features that are made up of copper ore, granite and raw copper blocks. They generate above layer 0

## Mining copper

Players must mine copper with a stone, or higher quality, pickaxe. Mining the block with a wooden pickaxe will destroy the block without giving any copper ore.
Each copper ore drops between 2 and 4 copper.

## Refining copper

When a copper ore block is broken, it will drop Raw Copper, which will have to be smelted to be turned into copper ingots.

## Crafting recipes that use copper

Putting nine copper ingots in a square using a crafting table will craft a block of copper, while three copper ingots arranged in a vertical line will craft a lightning rod, and putting an amethyst shard and two copper ingots together in a vertical line will craft a spyglass.

## Versions

Copper ore was officially added to Minecraft in the Caves & Cliffs update (1.17).

## References

* ↑ "Minecraft - Caves & Cliffs: Part I - 1.17.0 (Bedrock)". Retrieved 10 January 2022.

# Crops

There are a variety of crops that you can plant. Some are hard to farm and some are extremely difficult to farm and require a lot of patience.
First, you will need a hoe:
Crafting recipe:
| Wood | Wood |
| Stick | |
| Stick | |
This makes a wooden hoe. You can replace the wood with stone, iron, gold, or, if you are desperate, diamond.

## Crops
### Wheat

Wheat is grown from Wheat seeds (just called "seeds" in the game),which can be found be breaking tall grass. You need a hoe of some kind, and grass or dirt. It is best to make the farm near water to speed up plant growth. Till the dirt using a hoe by using the interact button (not the attack button) with the hoe in your hand (you must be looking directly at the dirt or grass to do it). Then place the seed and either wait for it to grow or use bone meal from skeletons. These are the main ways to use most of these. Farm land also grows quicker when it is near water. Water can reach crops up to 4 blocks which means a 9 by 9 area of farm land with water in the middle creating 80 spaces with one water source. Once it has grown, break the wheat block and you will get Wheat and 0-2 seeds back. Add more seeds and expand your farm to increase efficiency.

### Beetroot

Beetroot seeds can be planted the same way as Wheat seeds. 6 beets and a bowl can be crafted into beetroot soup, but Beetroot Soup does not stack.

### Carrots

Carrots can be grown the same way as well, but the whole carrot is planted instead of finding seeds for it.

### Potatoes

Potatoes are planted the same as carrots except a bit less efficient. it gives less hunger points and it has a chance to be a poisonous Potato (has green pieces coming around it) which has a 60% chance of giving you poison for 5 seconds. However, it is one of the few farmable foods that can be smelted to be better. Smelting a potato in a furnace gives you a cooked potato.

### Melons

Melons are different from the others. Instead of the seed growing into a crop, the seed grows a stem that soon grows a crop onto nearby dirt on grass. The stem can not be bonemealed to quick melon access. These melon stems will keep growing melons as long as the stem is not broken and the places for it to grow it (the four blocks in each direction of it) are un-obstructed (no block placed there). Melon blocks can be broken. It will drop 5 - 7 melon slices. Using silk touch drops melon blocks instead, which can be crafted into nine melons.

### Pumpkin

Pumpkin is grown the same as Melons, except it has different features. You can craft pumpkin pies by putting egg, sugar and carved pumpkin together in a line. To get a carved pumpkin, place the pumpkin and shear it. It will drop another pumpkin seed which you can use to farm again.

### Bamboo

Bamboo is a crop that can be grown using Bamboo. You can find Bamboo in Jungles and Jungle temples. You can plant bamboo on a dirt block, grass block, coarse dirt, gravel, mycelium, podzol, sand, red sand, or the new rooted dirt. Basically any type of dirt. It will grow from 12-16 blocks in the air. When finished, break the block above the block on the ground which will make the whole bamboo stick shatter and the bamboo will fall, leaving the stem still there to grow. Bamboo is the only farming material so far that can be used as furnace fuel and can be turned into stick.

### Cocoa beans

Cocoa beans are plants that are very unique. Cocoa beans are planted and can only be planted on jungle logs so be sure to pick some up while getting that bamboo. Fully grown Cocoa beans look orange instead of greenish or brownish. Harvest them by breaking them. then place them back.

## Notes

Most crops in Minecraft have real world counterparts, with the exception of Nether Wart, Chorus Fruit, Nether Fungus (red and blue) and Glow Berries

# Diamond
## Introduction

Diamonds are one of the most sought-after resources in Minecraft, and is one of the rarest ores. It can be crafted into armor and tools, such as pickaxes.

## Location

Diamonds are found deep underground (levels 5 to 12 are best for in version 1.16 and below, while after 1.17, the best place to find them is -20 to -64).

## Methods

To mine diamonds, you will need an iron, diamond, or netherite pickaxe (2 or more are recommended, in case one breaks), food, and torches to keep mobs from spawning. It’s recommended to bring a water buckets (in case you fall into lava, a common incident while mining), a crafting table, a shovel for removing dirt and gravel, and a sword and armour in case mobs come. If you are further into the game, you may enchant your tool with "Fortune" (maximum level Fortune III) which gives more diamonds per ore mined (Maximum of 4 items per block of ore mined).

# Emerald
## Introduction

An emerald is a rare mineral in Minecraft added to the game in snapshot 12w21a of version 1.3.1 of the game. Emeralds should not be confused with the diamonds, that were added in the indev version of the game and at that time were referred to in the code as emeralds.

## Acquisition methods
### Trading

A very common speedrunning technique to getting emeralds is using a fletcher for stick trades. The fletcher will request 32 sticks and will offer 1 emerald. To get a fletcher you will need to put 4 blocks of wood in a crafting table just as you would to craft a crafting table and two flint above the wood and place the fletching table beside a villager that doesn't have a job/profession. There is a chance that it won't give you this stick trade, but all you have to do is break the fletching table and re-place it. Another method to trade for easy emeralds is to use glass panes for emeralds on a librarian to get emeralds.

### Mining

When mining an emerald ore using an iron pick or a better one, one emerald will drop, assuming that the pickaxe is not enchanted with fortune. If it is, it may or may not drop an extra emerald per every level of fortune. The maximum level of a fortune enchantment is Fortune III, thus the maximum amount of emeralds that can be dropped by an ore is 4. If you mine an emerald ore using a silk touch pickaxe, you will get the ore block instead of an emerald.

### Crafting

A block of emerald (which is crafted by putting 9 emeralds in a crafting table can be uncrafted to 9 emeralds. In single player, you won’t find emerald blocks lying around, but in multiplayer you can receive them from other players.

### Smelt

You can receive emeralds by smelting an emerald ore in a furnace, however this probably isn’t the smartest option, since that will require using fuel. If you have emerald ores in you inventory that you wish to convert to emeralds, you can just place them on the ground and mine them with a pickaxe. If for whatever reason, you don’t have a pickaxe, you can smelt them using any fuel.

### Structures

Emeralds can be found naturally generating in chests in the following structures:
* Buried treasure
* Desert temple
* End city
* Igloo
* Jungle temple
* Shipwreck
* Underwater ruins
* Village (inside the chests of some of the houses)

### Mob drops

If a fox that is holding an emerald dies, it will always drop the emerald. You can convince the fox to drop the emerald without killing it by throwing food items on the ground near it.
Vindicators and evokers may or may not drop an emerald upon death. If killed via a weapon enchanted, the maximum amount of emeralds increases by one per every level of the enchantment. If using a sword enchanted by enchantment III, the maximum number of emeralds dropped is 4.

## Usage
### Currency

The main use of emeralds in Minecraft is as a currency. They can be used to buy items from villagers and wandering traders.

### Beacon

Another use of emeralds is to select powers from a beacon. The player should choose a power from the ones available and then put an emerald in the slot. Emerald blocks can also be used to make the pyramid below the beacon.

## Crafting recipes that use emeralds

Crafting recepie:
| Emerald | Emerald | Emerald |
| Emerald | Emerald | Emerald |
| Emerald | Emerald | Emerald |
This makes a Block of Emerald.

## History
### Java Edition
#### Java Edition 1.3.1

Emeralds and emerald ore were first added to the game in snapshot 12w21a of version 1.3.1 of the Java Edition of the game. Players can trade the emeralds for different items with the villagers. The same snapshot added desert temples, which have a hidden chest room containing emeralds, along with other resources. During development, rubies were meant to be used for trading, though they were replaced with emeralds before snapshot release. The unused ruby texture however can be found in the game file of this version.
Blocks of emerald were added in snapshot 12w22a, the same snapsnot that also added jungle temples. Jungle temples contain emerald in their loot chests.

#### Java Edition 1.4.2

Snapshot 12w32a added zombie villagers that can spawn naturally. It’s possible to cure a zombie villager, and it will become a regular villager. That means emeralds can obtain/use emeralds in trades even if he turned off structure generation in the world settings.

#### Java Edition 1.9

Snapshot 15w31a added end cities that contain end ships. Emeralds can be found in the end ships.
Snapshot 15w43a added igloos, that have basements with loot. Emeralds can be found in the chests in those basements.
Snapshot 15w44a increased the number of emeralds that can be found in a dessert temple.

#### Java Edition 1.11

Vindictators and Evokers were added in snapshot 16w39a. If killed by a player, they will drop emeralds.

#### Java Edition 1.13

Snapshot 18w09a added Ocean Ruins. Ocean ruins contain loot chests which may include emeralds.
Snapshot 18w10a added buried treasure. Emeralds may generate in the chests of buried treasure.

#### Java Edition 1.14

Snapshot 18w43a changed the textures of emeralds. In the same snapshot, pillagers were added to the game and at the time they were able to drop emeralds.
In snapshot 18w46a, pillagers stopped dropping emeralds.
Starting from snapshot 18w48a, emeralds can be found in chests in village tanneries, fisher cottages and plains village houses.
Snapshot 18w49a added emeralds to chests in other village house as well: shepherd houses, mason houses, butcher shops, and savanna and snowy village houses.
Snapshot 18w50a added emeralds to village fletcher houses, temples, desert and taiga village houses as well.
In snapshot 19w07a foxes were added to the game. They can sometimes spawn with an emerald in their mouths.
In snapshot 19w08a, the texture of emeralds was changed again.

#### Java Edition 1.17

The ruby texture which was not used anywhere in the code was removed from the game.

### Pocket Edition Alpha
#### Pocket Edition Alpha v0.9.0

Emeralds were added in build 1 of the version, and blocks of emerald were added in build 5.

#### Pocket Edition Alpha v0.13.0

Desert temples were added in build 1 of this version. They can be found in the biome “desert hills”. Their chests contain emeralds, as well as other items.

#### Pocket Edition Alpha v0.15.0

Jungle temples were added in build 1 of this version. They contain emeralds in their loot chests.

### Bedrock Edition
# Gold

Gold can be found in Minecraft at levels 32 or below, or at any level in Mesa biomes. It can be mined with a stone pickaxe or higher.

# Gunpowder
## Obtaining

Gunpowder can sometimes be obtained by killing creepers or ghasts. They can also commonly be found in chests in desert temples. Desert temples are a semi rare structure that generates in the dest biome. Desert temples can be lotted by breaking any of the 9 blocks in the center, but have a pressure plate at the bottom that detonates 9 TNT which will almost always result in the player's death.

## Uses

5 Gunpowder and 4 sand can be used to craft TNT. 1 gunpowder and 1 paper can be used to craft fireworks which can be used to boost your elytra.

# Honey
## Acquisition methods

To get honey, first craft a campfire, place it under a bee hive/nest. Then right click the hive/nest with a glass bottle to get honey. If you collect honey without placing a campfire, all nearby bees will attack you.

## Use

Honey can remove the poison status effect when drank, but keeps other effects untouched.
You can combine 4 honey bottles into a single honey block. This block may be crafted back into 4 bottles. Honey blocks slow you down, half jump height and reduce fall damage by 80%. Fall speed is decreased if you slide on one, and allow you to stand in the same block as it in the way chests do.

# Ice

Ice occurs naturally in frozen biomes. It is automatically formed in these biomes when water freezes. To collect it, a pickaxe enchanted with Silk Touch is required. Mining it with any other tool will drop nothing and turn the ice into water. Any tier of pickaxe can be used, as long as it has the Silk Touch enchant.

# Iron

Iron can be found at any level in Minecraft and can be mined with stone-tier pickaxes or higher.

## Obtaining

Iron ore naturally occurs in ore veins at any level of the Overworld. It drops raw iron (ever since the "Caves and Cliffs" update. Otherwise, it drops Iron Ore), which can be smelted into Iron Ingots; Silk Touch is required to obtain iron ore after the Caves and Cliffs update. Blocks of raw iron can rarely be found in ore veins in deep caverns.
Iron golems drop 3–5 Iron Ingots when killed. Zombies have a very small chance of dropping a single Iron Ingot.
Iron Ingots can be found as chest loot for dungeons, abandoned mineshafts, bastion remnants, buried treasure, desert temples, End cities, jungle temples, Nether fortresses, pillager outposts, shipwrecks, strongholds, village toolsmiths, village armorers, village weaponsmiths, and woodland mansions. Iron Nuggets can be found as chest loot for bastion remnants, ruined portals, shipwrecks, and taiga village houses. Blocks of iron can be found as chest loot for bastion remnants.

## Usage

Iron is mainly used to craft tools and armor.

# Lapis Lazuli

You can find lapis lazuli at levels 32 or below, and you must mine it with an stone-tier or higher pickaxe.

# Meat
## Acquiring meat

To get meat, craft a weapon and kill an animal. The recommended weapon to craft is a sword, but you can also use a bow and arrow if you would like to practice archery. Theoretically you can punch using any tool, item, or even with your bare hand, however a sword is recommended because it deals more damage, meaning you need less hits to kill the animal.
Food drops :
| Animal | Droped food | About the food and other tips | Other drops |
| Cow | Raw beef | Can be cooked. | Leather, milk can be obtained by using an empty bucket on it |
| Sheep | Raw mutton | Can be cooked. Consider shearing the sheep first if you can. | Wool |
| Chicken | Raw chicken | Can be cooked. Poisonous if uncooked. | Feathers. 1 Egg laid every 5 minutes if kept alive. |
| Pig | Raw porkchop | Can be cooked. | None |
| Rabbit | Raw rabbit | Can be cooked. Consider killing rabbits with a bow at a distance to avoid detection. They are a pain to kill | Rabbit's hide, rabbit's foot |

## Cooking meat

To cook meat, put it an a furnace or a smoker (for half the exp. points and half the time) with fuel, like coal or charcoal. Cooked meat restores a lot more hunger than raw meat, making it the preferred choice for consumption at a base or settlement, or when preparing for a journey.
It is still possible to eat raw meat in Minecraft for a slight hunger reduction, and this is common when players are on the go and need to eat something immediately (Presuming they are out of superior provisions). This is also fairly common in the early game, when players may not have furnace access. Players are not penalized for eating meat raw, unless that meat is raw chicken, then they will get food poisoning.

## Real life inspiration

In real life, any undercooked or raw meat has an increased chance of carrying a food-borne illness. However raw chicken commonly carries the disease Salmonella, and so cooking chicken thoroughly to kill the disease is especially important, which is reflected in Minecraft.

# Mob Loot

You can get various types of mob loot. Here is a table showing the mob loot.
Overworld mobs :
| Name | Drops |
| Creeper | Gunpowder |
| Zombie | Rotten Flesh, Iron (rarely), Equipped gear (rarely) |
| Skeleton | Bones, Arrows, Equipped gear (rarely) |
| Spider | Spider Eye, String |
| Witch | Stick, Spider Eye, Gunpowder, Redstone, Sugar, Potion (if drinking one at the moment of death) |
| Phantom | Phantom membrane |
| Pillager | Arrows, Emeralds, Crossbow (rarely) |
| Illager | Emeralds, Iron Axe (rarely) |
| Evoker | Emeralds, Totem of Undying |
| Guardian | Prismarine Shards, Prismarine Crystals, Fish |
| Elder Guardian | Prismarine Shards, Prismarine Crystals, Fish, Wet Sponge |

# Nether Quartz

You find Nether Quartz in the Nether. You can mine it with any pickaxe.

# Nether Wart

Nether wart naturally generates in nether fortresses. It requires soul sand to grow.

# Netherite
## Acquisition
### Crafting

Netherite is something that can not be found by mining, but gotten by crafting. 4 ancient debris and 4 gold in a crafting table creates a netherite ingot and like other ores, an ingot in every slot creates a block.

### Bastions

Netherite can sometimes be found in bastion chests.

### Use

You use 1 netherite ingot on a smithing table with a diamond tool, weapon, or armor to get a netherite version, keeping enchantments and durability percetage. Netherite items have higher protection, attack, durability, and enchantibility than diamond.

## Notes

Netherite is a fictional material made specifically for Minecraft, and has no real world counterparts.

# Obsidian

Obsidian is a block formed by flowing water coming into contact with lava. It can only be mined with a diamond or netherite pickaxe, and cannot be blown up by TNT.

## Methods of obtaining
### Overworld

Obsidian occurs naturally in caves and ravines, when a waterfall comes into contact with lava. The player can create obsidian by pouring a bucket of water over the lava.
Obsidian generates as part of ruined portals, woodland mansions, and sometimes ocean ruins. It is also found in the chest loot for ruined portals and village weaponsmiths.
Obsidian is created when a player opens a nether portal from the Nether.

### Nether

Obsidian generates as part of ruined portals, and in the chest loot for ruined portals, bastion remnants, and Nether fortresses.
Obsidian is created when a player opens a nether portal from the Overworld.
Piglins have a chance of bartering obsidian when given gold.

### End

Obsidian generates as part of the pillars on the main End island, and in End cities.
Obsidian is created as part of the platform that generates when a player enters the End.

## Usage

Obsidian has three main uses:
* Explosion-proof structures
* Nether portals
* Enchanting tables

# Redstone

You can find Redstone underground at y-level 32 or below. You must mine it with an Iron-tier or higher pickaxe or it will not drop anything. It will drop 4-8 Redstone Dust, which can be used for redstone cirucits.
Witches also drop up to six peices redstone Dust.
Redstone Dust can be used on a brewing stand with most potions to make the potion last longer.

# Sand
## Introduction

Sand is a common material and is one of few materials that fall when there is no blocks underneath it. This unique property makes sand somewhat dangerous to collect, but also an invaluable material when constructing some features.

## Locations

Sand can be found in deserts, but more commonly (in less amounts though) beaches and small patches around the world or in small rivers.

## Uses

Sand is a key component in Sandstone. Sand can also be melted in a furnace to create glass. Sand can also be used to make TNT, which you can blow things up with.

# Sandstone
## Location

Sandstone is a block that can either be found in the desert or created by crafting. Sandstone is found 2-4 layers below the sand of a desert and on the frames of wells, desert temples and some desert village houses.

## Crafting

Sandstone is crafted by putting 4 sand in a square like how you would with a crafting table.
For more information on how to get sand (to craft sandstone) visit the page on sand.

## Usage

Unlike sand, sandstone does not fall in Minecraft, typically making it a better choice for permanent structures. Common techniques include using sandstone as the roof of a house.

# Sculk

Sculk is a new Minecraft resource added in 1.19. You can get Sculk in 1 of 2 ways:
* Going to the Deep Dark and mining it with a Silk Touch pickaxe.
* Killing a Warden to get a Sculk Catalyst, then killing mobs near the Sculk Catalyst.

# Snow

Snow occurs naturally in frozen biomes, and forms from snowfall in cold and frozen biomes. A shovel is required to collect snowballs, and Silk Touch is required for snow blocks. You can craft snow blocks using 4 snow balls.
Snow Golems produce snow wherever they walk, as long as they are in cold, frozen, or neutral biomes. If you are near a river, then you can build a Snow Golem inside an enclosed space, and continuously shovel the snow out from under the golem.

# Stone
## Location

Stone is a very easy resource to find. Mine down a few blocks and you will find stone.

## Acquisition

If you break it, you will get cobblestone, a very useful building material. To get the recreate the look of stone that you find in nature, put cobblestone in a furnace and you get a stone block. You can also break stone with a silk touch pickaxe, and get stone.

# Tuff
## What It Is

Tuff is a soft rock that can be found deep underground in Minecraft.

## Finding Tuff

You can find Tuff deep underground.

# Wood
## Introduction

Wood is a very important resource in Minecraft, as it is usually the first useful item players gather when they start the game.

## Acquiring

Wood is obtained by hitting the trunk of a tree, and this can, infamously, be done without any tools, however, using an axe is quicker and easier. This drops a log block, the most basic wood type.

## Variants

Just as in real life, Wood in Minecraft comes in a number of varieties based on the kind of tree it is obtained from.

### Tree variants

A tree is where you get wood from. There are 11 different types of trees.
* Oak (yellow with brown bark)
* Spruce (brown with dark brown bark)
* Birch (creme with white bark and black spots)
* Jungle (light orange with brown-green bark)
* Dark Oak (dark brown with brown bark)
* Acacia (orange with grey bark)
* Azalea (uses oak logs)
* Mangrove (red with brown-red bark)
* Cherry (pink with black bark)
Two of which are found in the Nether and are inflammable:
* Warped Fungus (magenta with red bark)
* Crimson Fungus (cyan with blue bark)
Nine bamboo can also be crafted to obtain a wood-like block.

### Craftable variants

You can craft a special kind of log called Wood. This log has the log texture on all six sides, making it great for landscaping and decoration.
Both log blocks and "wood" can be stripped by holding an axe and pressing the use button when looking at one.
Four planks can be crafted from both of these types. Planks are used in the majority of crafting recipes and can be crafted into stairs, slabs, doors, trapdoors, fences, signs, boats and more.
Two planks can be crafted to sticks.

## Use

Wood has very varied uses, being one of the most used crafting ingredients.

### Building

Wood can be used for building. It looks good and can be crafted into variant blocks such as stairs and slabs to aid with making complex shapes, and there are multiple variants which can be mixed to change up the palette. However, overworld wood is flammable, so it is not recommended for buildings near fire or lava. Additionally, roofs should be made of something else to prevent lightning from burning your house, or a lightning rod can be used to divert it somewhere else.

### Fuel

Wood makes good early-game furnace fuel. However, it is not very efficient and has more important uses, so it is recommended to replace it with coal or lava when you get access to those.
Tip: craft wood into planks, then slabs to smelt eight times the items with the same amount of logs required.

# Tables

These are some tables that you can use as a quick reference.
Things that can be used as fuel :
| Name | Where to find it |
| Coal | Underground. Can be mined with any pickaxe. |
| Wood | Can be obtained from trees, villager houses, or abandoned mineshafts. |
| Blaze Rods | Dropped by blazes. |
| Lava | Deep underground or in the Nether. |
| Charcoal | By smelting logs in a furnace |
| Sapling | Dropped by leaves |
Crops :
| Name | Where to find it |
| Wheat | By breaking tall grass, and also from village farms. |
| Carrot | Village farms, rare drop from zombies, certain chests. |
| Potato | Village farms, rare drop from zombies, certain chests. |
| Beetroot | Village farms and certain chests. |
For more information on crops, visit the page for it!
Tool tiers :
| Tier | Where to find it |
| Wood | Trees in the Overworld and the warped/crimson fungi in the Nether |
| Stone | Under dirt in the Overworld. Blackstone, found in Basalt Deltas in the Nether, can be used as a substitute. |
| Iron | Underground in the Overworld. |
| Gold | Underground in the Overworld. |
| Diamond | Found deep underground in the Overworld. |
| Netherite | Made from Ancient Debris, which is found deep underground in the Nether. |

# Using Silk Touch

Silk Touch is an enchantment for tools that makes blocks drop themselves when broken, even when they usually drop nothing (e.g. Glass) or another item (e.g. coal ore). This page is a guide to using Silk Touch.

## Use

Let's say you need coal ore for a build. When mining a block of coal ore, you would normally get coal. If you use Silk Touch, you would get the coal ore block you wanted. While nearly all blocks can be collected using Silk Touch, some blocks (listed below) can never drop themselves and have to be obtained through other means.
| Block | Alternative method |
| Cake | While Cake can be crafted, it is impossible to retrieve after you have placed it |
| Budding Amethyst | Budding Amethysts generate in Geodes, but cannot be moved |
| Monster Spawner | Spawners generate in Dungeons and Bastions, but cannot be moved |
| Reinforced Deepslate | Reinforced Deepslate generates in Ancient Cities, but cannot be moved |
| Powder Snow | Powder Snow can be picked up and placed with a Bucket |
| Frogspawn | Frogspawn blocks are placed by frogs and are unobtainable in Survival Mode |
| Frosted Ice | Frosted Ice blocks are plased by the Frost Walker enchantment and are unobtainable in Survival Mode |

## Obtaining

You can enchant a tool with Silk Touch in two ways:
* Using an Enchanting Table
* Using a Silk Touch Enchanted Book at an anvil

# Authors & Contributors

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