OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Every Material Known to Man/Marble
#### Marble 1

There are many different marbles out there, here is an OK one found by me. Color: Red=0 Green=0 Blue=0 Under the "Map To" tab change the color to white(Red=1 Green=1 Blue=1) Texture Type: Marble Marble Settings: Sharper Harder Sin

#### Marble / Alabaster

Here is a marble I made to use with a project. This one uses a perlin marble for COL and for NOR which gives both color and bump. Crucial to realistic marble of course is the subsurface scattering (SSS). I also added a bit of reflection which you can find on some marble, but usually not alabaster unless it has been very well polished.
The top row are the texture buttons, but bottom two rows are tabs from the material buttons, pulled apart so you can see all of the values.

#### Adding more layers

One way to make the marble look more realistic is to add more layers of the marble texture with slightly different characteristics. For instance, create another texture: Marble Settings - Sharper - Soft Noise - Tri (Same settings otherwise, or add your own slight variation) You can try using a different Noise Basis, such as Original Perlin or Voronoi F3.
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Every Material Known to Man/Mirrors

Mirrors can add an extra level of realism and beauty to your work. They can be applied to any surface, flat or round.
To texture a mirror, keep all settings as default except:
Mirror Transp
Ray Mirror: On RayMir: 0.7 Fresnel: 1 Fac: 1.17
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Every Material Known to Man/Linoleum
## Linoleum-Reflectivity Material

This material is good for making a linoleum material. The only missing thing is for you to choose an image, and add the image as a texture, tile it on the material, and this will complete the material. This example will give you the right reflectivity and Mirror.
Shaders Diffuse Shader
* Type- Minnaert
** Ref- 0.93
** Dark- 0.88
Specular Shader
* Type- CookTorr
** Spec- 1.20
** Hard- 70
RayMirror
* RayMir- 0.80
* Fresnel- 0.55
* Fac- 1.12
* MaxDist- 10.00
** FadeOut- Fade to Material Color
Texture
* Type- Musgrave
** H- 1.00
** Lacu- 2.00
** Octa- 2.00
** iScale- 0.300
** NoiseSize- 0.200
** NoiseBasis- Voronoi F3
* MapInput
** MappingType- Orco
** MapShape- Cube
** Size
*** SizeX- 0.5
*** SizeY- 0.5
*** SizeZ- 0.5
* MapTo
** MapApplication- Nor
** NorSlider- 0.9
This material is the one applying to the cylinder and monkey. Complete the material by adding an Image Texture and tiling your preferred image onto the material to make the linoleum complete.
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Every Material Known to Man/Light Effects
## Strange Blue Material

Three things are important with this material:
* Fresnel Transparency (no Raytracing)
* A Clouds Texture for Displacement, so the sphere has Subdivision Surfaces Level 3 for the render.
* Lots of Emit with the usual Nor and Z/-/- settings on the Map Input panel for a radial blend.
In fact I've used three textures. So let's have a look a the material settings first:
The Texture Mappings are:
This is not optimized, Spec is too strong, Emit would better have gone to another texture.
The Textures:
The Clouds Texture is made pretty much with the Default Values.
The first Blend Texture uses a colorband with a very sharp falloff.
The second Blend Texture uses a normal Sphere Blend, so it's not necessary to show it.
# Bahasa Indonesia/Affixation
#### meN-, peN-

* N -> m before (p), b, f
* N -> n before (t), d, c, j, z
* N -> ny before (s)
* N -> ng before (k), g, h, x and all vowels
* N -> ∅ before all remaining consonants: m, n, ny, ng, l, r, w, y
* Consonants in parenthesis are lost after the nasal (p, t, k, s)
| | Bilabial | Labio- Dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | Labial- Velar |
| Nasal | m | | n | | ɲ | ŋ | | |
| Stop | (p) b | | (t) d | | | (k) g | ʔ | |
| Affricate | | | | tʃ dʒ | | | | |
| Fricative | | f | (s) z | ʃ | | x | h | |
| Approximant | | | | | j | | | w |
| Lateral | | | l | | | | | |
| Tap | | | r | | | | | |
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Close-Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | | a | |
* Initial p is retained in affix per- after affix meN-: meN + per + kecil -> memperkecil.
* Prefix peN- is the same meN- except initial p in per- is lost after affix peN-: peN + per + satu -> pemersatu
# Bahá'í Faith

* The Shrine of the Báb
* The Bahá'í Faith
* A book about the Bahá'í Faith
* The Bahá'í Faith
* According to Bahá'í teachings, religious history is seen as an evolving educational process for mankind, through God's messengers, which are termed Manifestations of God. Bahá'u'lláh is seen as the most recent, pivotal, but not final of these individuals. He claimed to be the expected redeemer and teacher prophesied in Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and other religions, and that his mission was to establish a firm basis for unity throughout the world, and inaugurate an age of peace and justice, which Bahá'ís expect will inevitably arise.
* Contents
* Introduction
* The Báb
* Bahá'u'lláh
* `Abdu'l-Bahá
* Shoghi Effendi
* Hands of the Cause and the Universal House of Justice
* Writings of the Faith
* Doctrines of the Bahá'í Faith
* The Bahá'í calendar and holidays
* Timeline
* Summary of the Teachings of the Bahá'í Faith

## Notes

* ↑ Esslemont, J.E. (1980). Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era (5th ed. ed.). Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust. ISBN 0877431604 . {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)
* ↑ Effendi, Shoghi (1944). God Passes By. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust. pp. pp. 281. ISBN 0877430209 . {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe/412
## Annotations

la belle dame sans merci (French) the beautiful woman without pity. The traditional French concept of the beautiful woman who tempts men with the promise of love only to destroy them echoes the Greek myth of Circe. Keats used this expression as the title of a poem of 1819.
ad deam qui laetificat juventutem meam (Latin) to the goddess who gladdens my youth. Stephen has adapted a phrase from the Latin Tridentine Mass, which was still in use in 1904. At the start of the Mass, during the Prayers at the Foot of the Altar, the Priest intones the words: Introibo ad altare Dei (I will go into the altar of God). To this the servers respond: Ad Deum qui laetificat iuventutem meam (To God who gladdens my youth).
See also 003.05.
Joyce's spelling juventutem is an acceptable alternative to iuventutem. Gabler emends the text in favour of the latter.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 454. Thornton (1968) 360.
* ↑ Joyce, James (1986). Hans Walter Gabler (ed.). Ulysses: The Corrected Text. With Wolfhard Steppe and Claus Melchior. London: The Bodley Head. p. 353.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe/413
## Annotations

Aurora borealis (Latin) Northern dawn, the scientific name for the Northern Lights. Bloom imagines that the light he can see is an aurora, but he is looking south! See also 452.21.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe
## Contents

The following list contains links to each of the one-hundred-and-fifty-eight pages of the fifteenth episode Circe. The pagination is that of the original edition of Ulysses, published in Paris on 2 February 1922. Page 566 is blank.
Episode 15: Circe
* Page 408
* Page 409
* Page 410
* Page 411
* Page 412
* Page 413
* Page 414
* Page 415
* Page 416
* Page 417
* Page 418
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# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe/411
## Annotations

Triumphaliter (Latin) Triumphantly. The traditional chant for Vidi Aquam reaches it highest note on the first syllable of facti. I have not actually found the adverb triumphaliter in any Latin dictionary, but the adjective triumphalis (triumphant) does exist, and the standard method of turning such an adjective into an adverb would give triumphaliter. See, for example, trivialiter.
Salvi facti i sunt (Erratum) This should read: Salvi facti sunt.
| Erratum (Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti i sunt. | Recte (Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti sunt. |
Salvi facti sunt (Latin) Were saved. See 410.22.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 453.
* ↑ Liber Usualis 12. (PDF page 124.)
* ↑ A Latin Dictionary.
* ↑ Joyce, James (1986). Hans Walter Gabler (ed.). Ulysses: The Corrected Text. With Wolfhard Steppe and Claus Melchior. London: The Bodley Head. p. 353. Gabler also emends Triumphaliter by removing the italics and putting the T in lower case.
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 453.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe/408
## Annotations

Kithogue (Hiberno-English) Lefty! A kithogue is a left-handed person. Both the Hiberno-English term and the Irish word (ciotóg) from which it is derived carry connotations of awkwardness.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Circe/410
## Annotations

Vidi aquam egredientem de templo a latere dextro. Alleluia (Latin) I saw water coming out of the temple on the right-hand side. This is not from the Introit for paschal time; it is the opening phrase of one of the antiphons that may be sung during Eastertide in the Asperges, or rite of sprinkling the congregation with holy water, a penitential rite that ordinarily precedes the principal Mass on Sunday. This particular antiphon is based on Ezekiel 47 and Psalms 117 (Vulgate):
Vidi Aquam :
| Vidi aquam egredientem de templo, A latere dextro, Alleluia: Et omnes, ad quos pervenit aqua ista, Salvi facti sunt, et dicent, Alleluia, Alleluia. V. Confitemini Domino quoniam bonus: R. Quoniam in saeculum misericordia eius. V. Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto: R. Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, Et in saecula sæculorum. Amen. | I saw water coming forth from the temple On the right side, Alleluia: And all those to whom this water came Were saved, and shall say, Alleluia, Alleluia. V. Give praise to the Lord, for He is good: R. For His mercy endureth forever. V. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit: R. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, World without end. Amen. |
Altius aliquantulum (Latin) Somewhat higher. Gifford translates this incorrectly as "with considerable profundity"; it is actually a reference to the fact that this verse is sung at a slightly higher pitch than the first verse in the traditional chant.
Et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua istas (Latin) And all those to whom this water came. See 410.22 above.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 453. Thornton (1968) 359.
* ↑ Ezekiel 47.
* ↑ Psalms 117.
* ↑ Missale Romanum (1603) 883.
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 453.
* ↑ Liber Usualis 12. (PDF page 124.)
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 453.
# C++ Language/ProgramFlow/Parameters/VariableNumberOfParameters

A parameter's type could be std::initializer_list<int>. This allows for passing either as DoFunction({11,22,33}) or as DoFunction(11,22,33).
Additional information about having a variable number of parameters (includes interactive examples)
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/ExecutingShellCommand

A "system call" is the execution of a shell command, as in calling system("echo MESSAGE").
Additional information about system calls
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/HeapMemory

In C++, a program's data is stored in one of two regions of system memory. Local variables and function parameters are obtained from the "memory stack", where that usage will be "popped off the stack" when the function ends. Other data can be dynamically allocated from the system's "memory heap". Heap memory will persist until it is manually deallocated.
* Allocation
* Memory Manipulation
* Leaks
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/BasicAlgorithms

The C-Runtime only provides a few algorithmic functions.
* Search
* Quick Sort
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/HeapMemory/Allocation

Dynamic memory management with the C-Runtime is done by calling malloc, which returns a pointer to the newly-allocated memory. Give that pointer to free when you are ready to deallocate that memory.
Additional information about dynamic memory allocation (includes interactive examples)
# C++ Language/Std

The "Standard Libraries" are an OS-independent set of C++ classes that should be available in any C++ development environment. These classes are within a std namespace.
* C-Runtime
* STL: Standard Template Library
* Strings
* IOStreams
* Filesystem Access
* Multithreading
* RNG: Random Number Generator
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/BasicAlgorithms/Search

The C-Runtime's basic implementation of linear search by _lfind will return NULL if the key does not already exist.
Binary search by bsearch expects the input to be both sorted and unique.
Additional information about C-Runtime's search functions (includes interactive examples)
# C++ Language/ProgramFlow/ReturnValue

It would be unsafe to return a reference to a local variable, but you can return a reference to a data member.
Additional information about valid return types (includes interactive examples)
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime

The "C-Runtime" is a library that has been carried over from the C language.
* Math
* Heap Memory
* Time
* Basic Algorithms
* Executing a Shell Command
# C++ Language/Std/CRuntime/BasicAlgorithms/QuickSort

The C-Runtime provides a built-in qsort implementation of the Quick Sort algorithm.
Additional information about C-Runtime's Quick Sort implementation (includes interactive examples)
# Arabic/LearnRW/al- Assimilation

The definite article of Arabic is الـ (Alif-Laam), known as لام التارف (Laam Al-tarif).
The first letter of the laam al-tarif is a Hamzat-Wasl (همزة وصل), an alif with a Saad (ص) written above it (ٱ). We do not write the ص on the alif in writing (we simply know it is there, as no words in Arabic begin with Alif (only Alif with Hamza (أ)). A Hamzat-Wasl takes the sound of a vowel immediately before it, if there is one. If not, it makes the same sounds a fatha at the beginning of the word (أَ).
An example of the hamzat-wasl taking the sound of a preceding vowel is الأُممُ الـمُتَّحِدة) (Al-Umamu ul-Muttahida), "The United Nations."
The spelling of laam al taareef,is with ain,and not alif. لام التعريف ،here it means the. But in some places it means 'all'.then it is known as laam aljins. Where jins,means the whole category. E.g.alhamdu=all praise الحمد
# Arabic/LearnRW/Sukuun and Shadda
## Sukuun ُْسُكونْ

The sukuun (absence of a vowel) is a diacritic that indicates the end of a syllable. Put another way, a consonant with a sukuun above it is not followed by a vowel. This only occurs when the consonant itself follows a vowel. The sukuun is written as a circle above the consonant.
Using left-to-right English 'words' as examples, the word "bata" would be spelled "b$^/$t$^/$"; however "bat" would be spelled "b$^/$t$^o$".
The only time that one consonant immediately follows another is when they are in different syllables; in which case, the first consonant would have a sukuun.
Again using English 'words' as examples, we could write "vista" as "v$_/$s$^o$t$^/$." The sukuun indicates that the "s" is not followed by a vowel. Otherwise, the word could have been "visita", "visata", or "visuta".
The sukuun cannot be used to combine consonants into single sounds. For example, "...s$^o$t..." could only be combined in such a combination as the English "mister" ("mis-ter"), not as in "stair". Combinations such as "stray" are not possible at all in Arabic.

## Shadda شَدّة

The shadda is a diacritic which replaces a double-consonant, but only where the first consonant has a sukuun on it, and the second one is followed by a vowel. If the word "vista" above were instead "vitta", then we could put a shadda over the "t". If it were "vitata", however, we could not.
The double-consonant doesn't work the same way as in English. In English, a doubled letter modifies the sound of the preceding vowel. For example: "mated" is pronounced with a long "a", whereas "matted" is pronounced with a short "a".
In Arabic, as mentioned above, a consonant only follows another if the first one ends the previous syllable, and the second one begins the next syllable. As such, both letters are pronounced. In English, this tends to only occur when the two letters are in separate words, as in "big guy".
When reading transliterations of Arabic words, any double letter should be read with a hyphen in it. So "shadda" is pronounced not as "sha-da", but as "shad-da".

### Writing the shadda

The shadda is written as a small "w" shape above the letter.
If the double-letter is followed by a short vowel, the mark for that vowel is written directly above or below the shadda (so the kasra, or "i" sound, should be written immediately below the shadda, not below the letter).
If the shadda is followed by a long vowel, then just the shadda is written.
A shadda cannot be followed by a sukuun. This is because a shadda indicates a double letter where the first letter bears a sukuun, ending the preceding syllable. In order for the second letter to have a sound, it must be followed by a vowel.
# Arabic/LearnRW/Transliteration Template

COPY THE SOURCE OF THIS PAGE TO THE PAGE THAT YOU WILL BE USING THIS TEMPLATE ON. ANYTHING IN COMPLETE CAPITAL LETTERS IS NOT TO BE INCLUDED IN THE NEW PART. IT IS INFORMATION FOR THE EDITOR/MAKER OF THE EXCERCISE/YOU.
Examples:
* بـتـت b-t-t
* بـثـبـتـف b-th-b-t-f
A group of letters is shown connecting as they would in a word. Your job is to read the word from right-to-left (that is the way Arabic is written and read), and write the English transliteration letters (from left-to-right). Separate transliterated letters with dashes.
Note: Because you have not learnt about writing vowels in Arabic, the transliteration only includes consonants. For example, "b-t-t" means that the word contains the consonants in the word in that order; the vowels are not indicated yet. Because the vowels aren't indicated, the pseudo-word might be pronounced ba-ta-ta, bi-ti-ti, bit-ti, bat-tu, bu-tat, bat-ta and so on.
We learnt previously that the letter ب (baa) makes the "b" sound; its name is "baa". So بتت b-t-t can be spelt out (baa, taa, taa) but the pronunciation of the word is not the same as how it is spelt. Once you learn about writing vowels you will be able to read words with vowels.

## Exercise 1

Transliterate, use the reference chart below the exercise to help.

## References

REFERENCE TABLE GOES HERE FOR THE STUDENT TO USE WHEN TRANSLITERATING. INCLUDE ONLY RECENTLY LEARNT MATERIAL, THAT IS, OF THE SAME LESSON. THE REFERENCE TABLE SHOULD BE BRIEF.
* Answers
# Arabic/LearnRW/a i u

The following works for all letters {Huroof}, in all forms.
* Pronounce the 'i' as [ɪ] (in English this is the 'i' in 'bit', not the 'i' in 'bite').
* Pronounce the 'u' as [u] (a 'short' 'oo' sound).
* Pronounce the 'a' as [a] (this sound does not exist in standard English. It falls somewhere between the 'a' in 'cat' and the 'o' in 'dog'. It is the same as the normal French 'a', as in the word 'ami' "friend").
| بِ(bi) | بُ(bu) | بَ(ba) |
| تِ(ti) | تُ(tu) | تَ(ta) |
| ثِ(thi) | ثُ(thu) | ثَ(tha) |
| سِ(si) | سُ(su) | سَ(sa) |

## Examples

These are examples of Arabic words (these are verbs) before and after the vowels have been indicated. These signs clarify how the word should be pronounced. ترك (t-r-k)
BECOMES
تـَرَكَ (ta-ra-ka) "leave"
ثبت(th-b-t)
BECOMES
ثـَبَتَ(tha-ba-ta) "registration"
ذهب(dh-h-b)
BECOMES
ذ َهَبَ(dha-ha-ba) Meaning: (he) went
نكن (n-k-n)
BECOMES
نـَكُنُ (na-ku-nu) "We are"
ثبت (th-b-t)
BECOMES
ثـَبُتَ (tha-bu-ta) "registration"
* ↑ It's not really short at all, it's just not glided. In standard English the lips are tightened at the end of this sound. This is not done in Arabic.
# Arabic/LearnRW/Row 6/Letter-Sound

If an English word has a silent letter, that letter does not count. Think about the sound, not the English spelling when doing this exercise.

## References

* د is used to write the "d"-"data,dog"
* ذ is used to write the "dh" sound such as the "th" in "this", "there", and "bathe"
* ث is used to write "th"-"think, bath"
* ر is used to write the "r" sound, the Arabic sound is different though (it is a "rolled r" sound).
* ز is used to write the "z" sound-"zebra, zoo,oz"
* ف is used to write "f"-"fate"
* ب is used to write "b"-"break,cab"

## Exercise 1

Instructions: Write the Arabic letter that represents the sound that the English word starts with. examples:
* think ث
* face ف
Begin:
* this
* zap
* damn
* think
* daisy
* boot
* family
* handsome
* case
* basic
* therefore
* wait
* weight
* doctor
* Robert
* ram
* basic
* yawn
* doctor
* thoughtful
* there
* maybe
* might
* castle
* deaf
* king
* destruction
* camp
* them
* him
* yes
* mouth
* rabbit
* zipper
* fourth
* dad
* demonstration
* third
* three
* table
* zero
* master
* distance

## Exercise 2

Instructions: Write the Arabic letter that represents the sound of the English sound that the English word ends in. Because fate end in the "t" sound, write ت (taa) beside the word. Examples:
* fate ت
* fat ت
* bluff ف
* printer
* fake
* numb
* bath
* maybe
* say
* jumper
* denominator
* rake
* bathe (they bathe in the pool)
* murder
* bite
* jade
* Jake
* hay
* breath
* breathe (they breathe)
* expand
* ate
* calculate
* number
* eight
* fate
* gulf
* golf
* bay
* sore
* compute
* amaze
* mouth
* rye
* lay
* more
* random
* band
* zoom
* Dubai
* back
* wolf
* soothe
* maze
* yolk
* rate
* math
* folklore
Answers
# Arabic/LearnRW/Take-Apart Template
## Examples

* بـتـثـفـف= ب + ت + ث + ف + ف
* بـف= ب + ف
* ثـثـثـت = ث + ث + ث + ت

## Exercise

Instructions: Write out the letters that the word is made up of. Write out the letters in lonely form.
Answers