# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Stations/2UE Sydney
## Overview

Of the first 10 B Class broadcasting stations announced on 15 November 1924 as having been licensed by the Postmaster-General, only three were to be based in Sydney. The Sydney licensees were AWA, a conglomerate of radio interests and Electrical Utilities. The AWA station was never implemented as the combine elected to focus on equipment supply. The radio interests conglomerate was the first to commence (2BE Sydney), but failed in the late 1920s in the context of the great depression. But the Electrical Utilities station commenced quietly on 26 January 1925 under the stewardship of Cecil Vincent ("Pa") Stevenson and with minimum capital expenditure and low ongoing costs. It survives today as 2UE Sydney, the oldest presently licensed commercial radio station and as one of the strongest and most popular radio stations in Australia.

## Transcriptions and Notes

More than 150 key articles relevant to 2UE, mainly from the NLA's Trove Digitised Newspapers have been transcribed for ease of reference here: 2UE Transcriptions and Notes

## Further reading
### Specific references

* Macquarie Sports Radio 954 (some early historical inaccuracies to be corrected)
* (refer January 26 for summary details of 2UE)
* (Brief overview of Stevenson and 2UE, focus on equipment)
* "Stevenson, Cecil Vincent (Pa)". The Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
* "Index to Registers of Firms". NSW State Archives. Retrieved 2018-07-29.

### Books, theses & major articles

* Carty, Bruce. Australian Radio History (4th ed. Sydney, 2013)
* Crawford, Robert. But wait, there's more...: a history of Australian advertising, 1900–2000 (Melbourne Univ. Press, 2008)
* Cunningham, Stuart, and Graeme Turner, eds. The Media & Communications in Australia (2nd ed. 2010)
* Curnow, Geoffrey Ross. "The history of the development of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia to 1942, with especial reference to the Australian Broadcasting Commission: a political and administrative study". online
* Elliot, Hugh. "The Three-Way Struggle of Press, Radio and TV in Australia". Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly (1960) 37#2 pp: 267–274.
* Geeves, P. "The Dawn of Australia's Radio Broadcasting". online
* Given, Donald Jock. "Transit of Empires: Ernest Fisk and the World Wide Wireless". (Melbourne, 2007)
* Griffen-Foley, Bridget. Changing Stations the story of Australian commercial radio
* Griffen-Foley, Bridget. "Australian Commercial Radio, American Influences—and The BBC". Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television (2010) 30#3 pp: 337–355. online
* Griffen‐Foley, Bridget. "From the Murrumbidgee to Mamma Lena: Foreign language broadcasting on Australian commercial radio, part I". Journal of Australian Studies 2006; 30(88): 51–60. part 1 online
* Hadlow, Martin Lindsay. "Wireless and Empire ambition: wireless telegraphy/telephony and radio broadcasting in the British Solomon Islands Protectorate, South-West Pacific (1914–1947): political, social and developmental perspectives". (Martin Hadlow, Brisbane, 2016)
* Harte, Bernard. When Radio Was The Cat's Whiskers (Rosenberg Publishing, 2002)
* Jolly, Rhonda. Media ownership and regulation: a chronology (Canberra, 2016)
* Jones, Colin. Something in the air : a history of radio in Australia (Kenthurst, 1995)
* Kent, Jacqueline. Out of the Bakelite Box: the heyday of Australian radio (Sydney, 1983)
* Langhans, Ron. The First Twelve Months of Radio Broadcasting in Australia 1923–1924 (R. Langhans, 2013)
* Mackay, Ian K. Broadcasting in Australia (Melbourne University Press, 1957)
* MacKinnon, Colin. Australian Radio Publications and Magazines (Ian O'Toole, 2004) online
* Moran, Albert, and Chris Keating. The A to Z of Australian Radio and Television (Scarecrow Press, 2009)
* Muscio, Winston T. Australian Radio, The Technical Story 1923–1983 (Kangaroo Press, 1984)
* Potts, John. Radio in Australia (UNSW Press, 1989)
* Ross, John F. Radio Broadcasting Technology, 75 Years of Development in Australia 1923–1998 (J. F. Ross, 1998)
* Walker, R. R. The Magic Spark: 50 Years of Radio in Australia (Hawthorn Press, 1973)
* Ward, Ian (1999). "The early use of radio for political communication in Australia and Canada: John Henry Austral, Mr Sage and the Man from Mars". Australian Journal of Politics & History. 45 (3): 311–330. doi:10.1111/1467-8497.00067.
* Wireless Institute of Australia (editor Wolfenden, Peter). Wireless Men & Women at War (Wireless Institute of Australia, Melbourne, 2017)
* Young, Sally (2003). "A century of political communication in Australia, 1901–2001". Journal of Australian Studies. 27 (78): 97–110. doi:10.1080/14443050309387874.

### Periodicals

* "Sea Land and Air". (1918 to 1923) online
* "Wireless Weekly". (1922 to 1939+) online
* "Australasian Radio Review". (1923 to 1924) online
* "Radio in Australian and New Zealand". (1923 to 1928) online
* "Queensland Radio News". (1925 to 1933) online
* "Listener In"
* "Broadcasting Business" & "Commercial Broadcasting". (1934 to 1947) online
* "Australasian Radio World". (1936 to 1950) online
* "Radio and Hobbies". (1939 to 1965) online
* "Radio Science". (1948 to 1949) online

### Annuals

* "Radio Trade Annual of Australia". (1933 to 1937) online
* "Broadcasting Business Year Book". (1936 to 1939) online
* "Broadcasting and Television Year Book". (1958 to 1990+) online

### Regulatory

Oversight Department
* Australia, Postmaster-General's Department. "Annual Reports 1910–1975" NLA
* Australia, Department of the Media. "Annual Reports 1973–1976" NLA
* Australia, Postal and Telecommunications Department. "Annual Reports 1978–1980" NLA
* Australia, Department of Communications (1). "Annual Reports 1981–1987" NLA
* Australia, Department of Transport and Communications. "Annual Reports 1988–1993" NLA
* Australia, Department of Communications (2)
* Australia, Department of Communications and the Arts. "Annual Reports 1994–1998" NLA
* Australia, Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts. "Annual Reports 1999–2007" NLA
* Australia, Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy. "Annual Reports 2008–2013" NLA
* Australia, Department of Communications (3). "Annual Reports 2014–2015" NLA
* Australia, Department of Communications and the Arts (2). "Annual Reports 1999–2007" NLA
Subordinate Agencies
* Australian Broadcasting Control Board. "Annual Reports 1949–1976" NLA online
* Australian Telecommunications Commission T/as Telecom Australia. "Annual Reports". 1976–1991 NLA 1993 – present NLA
* Australian Broadcasting Tribunal. "Annual Reports 1977–1992" NLA online
* Australian Broadcasting Authority. "Annual Reports 1993–2005" NLA
* Australian Communications and Media Authority. "Annual Reports 2006–present" NLA