OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of video games/Print version

For technical reasons, the print version is split into multiple sections.
* History of video games/Print version/Introduction
* History of video games/Print version/Timeline
* History of video games/Print version/Arcade games
* History of video games/Print version/Computer games
* History of video games/Print version/First Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Second Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Third Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Fourth Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Fifth Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Sixth Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Seventh Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Eighth Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Ninth Generation of Video Game Consoles
* History of video games/Print version/Standardized platforms
* History of video games/Print version/Cloud gaming
* History of video games/Print version/Specialty topics
# Go Programming Language Cookbook/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Go_Programming_Language_Cookbook
# Go Programming/Simple Web App

There are multiple packages in the standard library. One of those packages is called net/http. The package can be used to make simple web applications. Here is a simple example that will output Hello world! when localhost:8080 is visited.
You might see some new things that appeared.
As you see, the fmt package has been imported again. However, the net/http package has also been imported.
A function called helloFunc is declared. The http.ResponseWriter type is used in the function to construct an HTTP response. The *http.Request is a pointer to a HTTP request received by a server or something be sent by a client.
In this line, the string "Hello world!" is being written to the ResponseWriter in order for it to be displayed in the output.
The main function has been declared with two actions. The handler function, helloFunc has been connected to the "/" route. Finally, the ListenAndServe has been called with a port that is "8080" and no router has been given to the second parameter.
Now, when the program is ran, Hello world! is expected to be shown on the website: localhost:8080.
# Goats
## Contents

* Introduction
* The History of Domesticated Goats
* Breeds
* The Goat Personality
* Pastures
* What Goats Eat
** Grain Mixes
** Hay
** Poisonous Plants
* Breeding
* Kidding
* Goats as Pets
* Dairy Goats
* Meat Goats
* Veterinary Care
* Winter care (mid-Atlantic region)
# Goats/Fencing

Goats are clever and mischievous creatures, and good fencing is necessary.

## Types of fencing

These common types of fence may assist in the penning of goats.
* Electrified fencing
* Mesh fencing
* Wood fencing

## Mesh fencing materials

* Panels
* Tension fencing
* Remesh

## Gates

* Hinge gates
* Rolling gates
* Clip gates
# Goats/Goats as Pets

Goats make great pets. They are loving and sweet. If they are bottle fed, which you should not do unless you have to, they become dog like. Bottle goats like to go on walks and be petted. Do not bottle-feed unless you have to. Goats can get something called bloat if overfed, and it can kill a goat in less than 24 hours. Another problem goats can get from being overfed is scours, or diarrhea. Scours can kill goats in less than 24 hours. If your goat has scours make sure to give it lots of fluids, goats with scours get dehydrated fast and can die from dehydration. If your goat has bloat or scours, call the vet immediately. Goats eat hay, sweet feed, and goat food. You can graze goats, but make sure they don't eat too much grass. Goats are very curious and smart. They are loving and gentle. If you don't have a goat, you don't know what you're missing! Your goat can be your best friend! Goats are truly the dogs of the livestock world.
* Automatic goat waterers?
** Duramate is a good water or you could just have a timer that turns on a small hose to fill a bucket for them
* Automatic feeders?
** QuickFeed is a good automatic feeder but expensive
* Goat feed: quantity/week? price? where to buy? how heavy are the bags?
** wethers need about cup of feed, does need the same amount if they are not pregnant, increase there feed by 1/2 cup for the first 6 mouths of pregnancy and another 1/2 cup for the last month
** The type of feed you buy at the local feed store can be pellets, grain, sweet feed
* Goat "minerals"? Same questions as above, plus: what's in it?
** salt, copper, iron and other unavailable minerals that they need
* Do we need to buy hay/straw? How much? Price? Where to buy?
** you should if they don't have access to a land for browsing, about one bail and it costs about $10-$40
* What are goat "worms"? How likely to get it? How bad is it?
** they are like tapeworms and can hurt the goat overtime so see the vet to deworm them and it's cheap
* How much does a hoof trimming cost? Is there a 4-H group that will help me learn it?
** Probably, it costs nothing to a vet visit and they could teach you
* What will a goat area look like? Find example videos/photos.
** It should have grasses, bushes, leaves and lots of vegetation and if its small the grass won't grow in places
* How to build a welded-wire fence? How to add a gate?
** Get some stakes in the ground around the area for the goat and make sure they are pretty close to give more support. Just add hinges or ask someone at homedepo
* How much do we have to worry about predators? Find info about fencing to protect against bobcats, coyotes, etc.
** If the fence is good enough to keep them in then the predators should not be able to get in
* How to build/buy goat shelter? Specific links.
** It should be about 20 square feet per pair, draft free, and have their loose minerals, extra hay and feed incase of rain
* How does one transport a pet goat?
* Is milking optional, or a mandatory chore?
** Optional, female doesn’t produce milk until impregnated
# Goats/Breeds

Australian Miniature Goats
Boer Goats
Savannah Goats
Kiko Goats
BoKi Goats (A cross of Kiko and Boer)
Cashmere Goats
British Alpine Goats
Golden Guernsey Goats
British Guernsey Goats
French Alpine Goats
Sable Goats
Nubian Goats
Oberhasli Goats
Fainting Goats
Boer Goats
Pygmy Goats
Angora Goats
Sanaan Goats
Alpine Goats
LaMancha Goats
Nigerian Dwarf Goats
Zalawadi Goats
Xinjiang Goats
Xuhai Goats
Zhongwei Goats
Zhiwulin Black Goats
Yemen Mountain Goats
White Shorthaired Goats
West African Dwarf Goats
Verata Goats
Valais Blackneck Goats
Uzbek Black Goats
# Goats/Common poisonous evergreens in the mid-Atlantic region

Special care needs to be taken in winter to deny goats access to poisonous evergreens, since they are a much more tempting food during months when there is little other green forage. This includes both forage brought to the yard, but also plants nearby to paths used by the goats when moving between the barnyard and pastures.

## Conifers
### Yew

Yew (Taxus spp.) are conifers with dark green, glossy leaves that produce red "berries". The yew is one of the most toxic plants in the landscape for goats and other livestock (though the white-tailed deer browses on it with no apparent effect). Foliage and bark should be kept away from goats at all costs.

## Other conifers

Other coniferous plants are safe in small doses, but should not be used as a primary fodder source due to the heavy resins that may cause gastro-intestinal problems.

## Ericaceous plants

Many of the broadleaved evergreens found in the region are in the heath family, and can cause vomiting or neurological toxicity.

### Rhododendron and azalea

Rhododendrons and Azaleas (Rhododendron spp.) are popular ornamental landscape plants, and also grow wild in many parts of the region. The leaves are alternate, but are closely crowded around the end of the stem and appear whorled. The leaves can be glossy and/or hairy, with entire margins. When ingested by goats, these plants can cause vomiting in small doses or be lethal in high doses.

### Mountain laurel

Similar to rhododendron in appearance and effect. Commonly found in the wild on shady slopes.

## Pieris

A landscape plant, similar to the rhododendrons but with narrow leaves.
# Goats/Kidding

Goats kid after a 150 day gestation, usually at night. Immediately before kidding, the udders become quite hard, and the doe will "nest" in part of the barn, shunning the company of the other goats and often chasing them off.
During labor, the doe makes a distinct grunting noise.
First-time dams sometimes resist nursing. If the doe refuses to let the kids nurse, try holding her and talking to calm her down. If she hasn't allowed the kids to nurse for over an hour, tie her or put her in the milkstand and put the kids under the teats while holding the back legs down. Once she starts nursing, most does will adjust quickly.
If temperatures are below freezing in the barn, be sure to dry the kids' ears, since they are the most vulnerable to freezing. In very cold weather, provide a hot water bottle, wrapped in a towel, in a sheltered spot for them to sleep. If the barn is drafty, put the water bottle in a large cardboard box: preferably large enough to accommodate the dam as well.
To check if the kids are nursing, put a finger in its mouth. If the mouth is warm or hot, the kid has nursed. If the mouth is cold, it may be necessary to milk an ounce or two from the doe and bottle feed the kid either in the house or while holding it inside your jacket to bring its body temperature up. Give any leftover milk to the dam.
Keep the dam and kids in a separate pen. The dam will let you know when she is ready for the company of the other goats. As a rule, keep the dam and kids out of the herd for at least 2 days.
Be prepared with fresh straw to renew the pack after kidding.
As soon as the kids can stand, dip the umbilical cord in iodine solution or calendula infusion to sterilize and speed drying.
If the kid(s) favor one teat, milk out the other teat to keep them even, in order to avoid mastitis. This milk will have a high colostrum content, so freeze it for use the following year if a doe is having trouble producing early milk. Label these by days from birth, and use them in that order the following year if necessary. Dispose of after 1 year.
Goats can be weaned after 10 weeks.
# Hungarian/Offensive

Curses, swearing, slang ...
| son of a bitch | kurva anyád |
| Example | Example |
# HydroGeoSphere/3-D Mesh Generation

Once you have a 2-D slice, you have the option of exiting the grid definition procedure, which will cause grok to automatically generate a unit thickness 3-D grid. It does this by duplicating the 2-D slice and constructing the appropriate 6-node prism or 8-node hexahedral element incidences and assigning a unit element length perpendicular to the slice. The element zone numbers for the slice are used to assign default zone numbers for each element. Such a grid could be used to simulate 2-D cross-sectional problems.
More often, you will want to generate a 3-D layered grid, perhaps with topography defined by a DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and/or uneven layer contacts based on the observed hydrostratigraphy.
To do so you should start by issuing the following instruction:

## Generate layers interactive...End

Causes grok to begin reading a group of 3-D grid generation instructions until it encounters an End instruction.
The basic procedure is to build up the 3-D mesh by defining the base, then adding layers one at a time from the base to ground surface.
By default, the domain will contain a single layer, one element high with a base elevation of zero and a top elevation of 1, and the element zone numbering scheme from the 2-D slice will be used to assign the 3-D mesh element zone numbers. Instructions that change the default behaviour are described below:
These commands are optional but should not be used more than once:

## Zone by layer

Causes grok to assign the 3-D mesh layer number to the element zone number.
By default, the element zone numbering scheme from the 2-D slice is used to assign the 3-D mesh element zone number.

## Base elevation...End

Causes grok to begin reading a group of base elevation instructions until it encounters an End instruction. Available instructions are described in Section 5.3.5.4.
By default, the base elevation of the domain will be set to zero.
# General Astronomy/Pioneers and Voyagers
## Pioneer Missions

The Pioneer missions can be broken into some distinct groups:
* Able space probes. (1958 - 1960)
** Pioneer 0 (Thor-Able 1, Pioneer) – Lunar orbiter, destroyed (Thor failure 77 seconds after launch) August 17, 1958
** Pioneer 1 (Thor-Able 2, Pioneer I) – Lunar orbiter, missed Moon (third stage partial failure) October 11, 1958
** Pioneer 2 (Thor-Able 3, Pioneer II) – Lunar orbiter, reentry (third stage failure) November 8, 1958
** Pioneer P-1 (Atlas-Able 4A, Pioneer W), probe lost September 24, 1959
** Pioneer P-3 (Atlas-Able 4, Atlas-Able 4B, Pioneer X) – Lunar probe, lost in launcher failure November 26, 1959
** Pioneer 5 (Pioneer P-2, Thor-Able 4, Pioneer V) – interplanetary space between Earth and Venus, launched March 11, 1960.
** Pioneer P-30 (Atlas-Able 5A, Pioneer Y) – Lunar probe, failed to achieve lunar orbit September 25, 1960.
** Pioneer P-31 (Atlas-Able 5B, Pioneer Z) – Lunar probe, lost in upper stage failure December 15, 1960.
* Juno II lunar probes. (1958 - 1959)
** Pioneer 3 - Lunar flyby, launch failure. (December 6, 1958).
** Pioneer 4 - Flyby, achieved escape velocity (March 3, 1959).
* Later Missions (1965 - 1978)
** Pioneer 6 (Pioneer A) – launched December 1965.
** Pioneer 7 (Pioneer B) – launched August 1966.
** Pioneer 8 (Pioneer C) – launched December 1967.
** Pioneer 9 (Pioneer D) – launched November 1968 (defunct since 1983).
** Pioneer E – lost in launcher failure August 1969
* Outer Solarsystem missions.
** Pioneer 10 (Pioneer F) – Jupiter, interstellar medium, launched March 1972.
** Pioneer 11 (Pioneer G) – Jupiter, Saturn, interstellar medium, launched April 1973.
** Pioneer H – identical to Pioneers 10 and 11, but never launched.
* Pioneer Venus project
** Pioneer Venus Orbiter (Pioneer Venus 1, Pioneer 12) – launched December 1978
** Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (Pioneer Venus 2, Pioneer 13) – launched August 1978
*** Pioneer Venus Probe Bus – transport vehicle and upper atmosphere probe
*** Pioneer Venus Large Probe – 300 kg parachuted probe
*** Pioneer Venus North Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
*** Pioneer Venus Night Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
*** Pioneer Venus Day Probe – 75 kg impactor probe
Dates are years of mission launches.

## Voyager Missions

The voyager missions were launched in order to study the outer solar system.

### Voyager 1

    Studied Jupiter, Saturn and is trudging on towards the heliopause. Presently the farthest human-made object from Earth.

### Voyager 2

    Studied Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Launched after, but with a higher velocity than Voyager 1.
# General Astronomy/Other Observations
## Solar Telescope

Solar telescopes are used for studying the sun. They are quite large. The biggest is the McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope, with a diameter of 1.6 meters. It is housed in a structure that is 100 feet tall.

## Cutting Edge

Some new telescopes use multiple or segmented mirrors (usually hexagonal).
* New Technology Telescope (NTT)
* Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT)
* Keck Telescope (segmented, hexagonal mirrors)

## References
### Footnotes

* ^ The Kitt Peak Virtual Tour: McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope.
# Learning Python 3 with the Linkbot/Authors

The original authors and contributors for the original text as of this writing are:
* Mike Challender
* Ryan Uebner
* David Ko (User:Davidko_barobo)
* Natalie Ryland
* Graham Ryland
* Aaron Cooper
* Dylan Besk

### Additional Contributors

* Josh Cogliati (User:Jrincayc), jjcogliati-jan2007 AT yahoo.com
* Mitchell Aikens, LGIT, WSIT, AAS (User:msaikens)
* Kiah Morante (User:greenmanwitch)
* Elizabeth Cogliati
* James A. Brown
* Joe Oppegaard
* Benjamin Hell (User:Siebengang)
# Learning Python 3 with the Linkbot
## Contents
### Authors

    Contributors to this book

### Installation and Setup

    Installing and setting up the required software

### Intro

    A brief introduction

### Hello, World (With Linkbots! Change a Linkbot's LED color)

    The famous first program – screen output – variables – numbers and calculations

### Who Goes There? (With Linkbots! Move a Linkbot's motor)

    Interactive input – strings

### Count to 10 (With Linkbots! Play some notes with the Linkbot's buzzer)

    while loops

### Decisions (With Linkbots! Move a 2-wheeled Linkbot forwards and backwards)

    if statements

### Linkbot Multitasking (Make a Linkbot do multiple things at once)

    Program flow

### Debugging

    Finding out what goes wrong

### Defining Functions (With Linkbots! Move and beep a 2-wheeled Linkbot with functions)

    Structuring programs with the use of functions

### Advanced Functions Example

    (Almost) mind-blowing example of how programmers can think

### Lists (With Linkbots! Play a song with the Linkbot's buzzer)

    Variables containing more than one value

### For Loops (With Linkbots! Play a range of notes with the Linkbot's buzzer)

    A second kind of loop

### Boolean Expressions (How to use a Linkbot's accelerometer)

    Computer logic – True and False – and and or – not

### Dictionaries (Storing note values in a dictionary to play on a Linkbot)

    Variables containing key/value pairs

### Using Modules

    Extensions to the standard set of functionality

### More on Lists

    Using elements or parts of lists

### Revenge of the Strings

    More advanced text manipulations

### File IO

    Reading from files and writing to files

### Dealing with the imperfect

    How to handle errors

### Recursion

    Recursive Functions

### Intro to Object Oriented Programming in Python 3 (Extend the Linkbot class for more functionality)

    Basics of OOP (Object Oriented Programming)

### Intro to Imported Libraries and other Functions

    Basic functions from various libraries.

### The End

    How to go further

### FAQ

    Some frequently asked questions
# LPI Linux Certification/System Logging
## Detailed Objective

Weight: 2
Description:
Candidates should be able to configure the syslog daemon. This objective also includes configuring the logging daemon to send log output to a central log server or accept log output as a central log server.
* Key knowledge area(s):
** syslog configuration files
** syslog
** standard facilities, priorities and actions
* The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
** syslog.conf
** syslogd
** klogd
** logger
# LPI Linux Certification/System logging
## Detailed Objectives

(LPIC-1 Version 5.0)
Weight: 4
Description: Candidates should be able to configure rsyslog. This objective also includes configuring the logging daemon to send log output to a central log server or accept log output as a central log server. Use of the systemd journal subsystem is covered. Also, awareness of syslog and syslog-ng as alternative logging systems is included.
Key Knowledge Areas:
* Basic configuration of rsyslog.
* Understanding of standard facilities, priorities and actions.
* Query the systemd journal.
* Filter systemd journal data by criteria such as date, service or priority.
* Configure persistent systemd journal storage and journal size.
* Delete old systemd journal data.
* Retrieve systemd journal data from a rescue system or file system copy.
* Understand interaction of rsyslog with systemd-journald.
* Configuration of logrotate.
* Awareness of syslog and syslog-ng.
Terms and Utilities:
* /etc/rsyslog.conf
* /var/log/
* logger
* logrotate
* /etc/logrotate.conf
* /etc/logrotate.d/
* journalctl
* systemd-cat
* /etc/systemd/journald.conf
* /var/log/journal/
# LPI Linux Certification/Setup Different PC Expansion Cards
## Setup Different PC Expansion Cards
### Detailed Objective

Weight: 3

#### Description

    Candidates should be able to configure various cards for the various expansion slots.
* Key knowledge area(s):
** Know the differences between coldplug and hotplug devices.
** Determine hardware recourses for devices.
* The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
** The appropriate subdirectories of /proc
** hotplug configuration files, terms and utilities
** lspci
** lsusb

### Hotplug

With proper support from the operating system, some devices can be added and/or removed without shutting the system down, much like a CD-ROM or floppy disk can be mounted or unmounted. USB was designed to be hot-pluggable, but the operating system must still be prepared to deal with the possibility of devices appearing and disappearing.
Some server motherboards support a hot-pluggable PCI slot standard, intended to reduce downtime by allowing administrators to replace failed components without shutting-down the entire server. A few server vendors even go as far as to allow swapping-out bad RAM while the system is running, but this is very rare and expensive. Both the hardware and the operating system must support hot-plugging components in order for the system to work. (There's a limited amount of repair that can be done on an airplane while flying at 10,000 feet.)

### Coldplug

It is much less confusing to your computer if you shutdown the power before making any changes to hardware you are connecting.

### PCI

All PCI cards are normally detected by the BIOS. At boot time the BIOS probes the PCI configuration space and detects all the different devices and bridges. To insure that the BIOS has detected all the PCI devices, use lspci. Check for bridges, special devices, and functions.
All ISA cards are also normally detected with the respected drivers. The utilities that allow you to manually configure any ISA cards are pnpdump, pnpisa and /etc/pnpisa.conf file. The pnpdump program allows you to dump information on all the detected ISA cards. The isapnp works with a configuration file /etc/pnpisa.conf that has the same syntax of the output of pnpdump and it allows you to customize any ISA card settings.

### Exercises

* Exercises results
# LPI Linux Certification/Setup Host Security
## Detailed Objectives

(LPIC-1 Version 5.0)
Weight: 3
Description:
Candidates should know how to set up a basic level of host security.
Key Knowledge Areas:
* Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work.
* Turn off network services not in use.
* Understand the role of TCP wrappers.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
* /etc/nologin
* /etc/passwd
* /etc/shadow
* /etc/xinetd.d/
* /etc/xinetd.conf
* systemd.socket
* /etc/inittab
* /etc/inetd.d/
* /etc/hosts.allow
* /etc/hosts.deny
# LPI Linux Certification/Software & Kernel Configuration
## Detailed Objective

Weight: 2
Description:
Candidates should be able to configure kernel options to support various drives. This objective includes using LVM (Logical Volume Manager) to manage hard disk drives and partitions, as well as software tools to view & modify hard disk settings.
* Key knowledge area(s):
** Tools and utilities to configure DMA for IDE devices including ATAPI and SATA
** LVM tools and utilities
** Tools and utilities to manipulate or analyse system resources (e.g. interrupts)
* The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
** /proc/interrupts
** hdparm
** tune2fs
** sysctl