OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chinese Stories/Jade Rabbit

The Jade Rabbit, also called the Moon Rabbit, is a rabbit that lives on the moon. In Chinese folklore, it is often portrayed as a companion of the moon goddess Chang'e, constantly pounding the elixir of life for her. However, in Japanese and Korean versions of the story, it is just pounding mochi or tteok.

## The story

In the Buddhist story "Śaśajâtaka" (Jataka Tales: no.316), one of the Jataka Tales, a monkey, an otter, a jackal, and a rabbit resolved to practice charity on the Uposatha, believing a demonstration of great virtue would earn a great reward.
When an old man begged for food, the monkey gathered fruits from the trees and the otter collected dead fish from the river bank, while the jackal wrongfully pilfered a lizard and a pot of milk-curd. The rabbit, who knew only how to gather grass, instead offered its own body, throwing itself into a fire the man had built. The rabbit, however, was not burnt. The old man revealed himself to be Śakra, and touched by the rabbit's virtue, drew the likeness of the rabbit on the moon for all to see. It is said the lunar image is still draped in the smoke that rose when the rabbit cast itself into the fire.
The Chinese version of the story the Jade Emperor replaces Śakra.

## History

The earliest records suggesting that there is a rabbit on the moon appears in the Warring States period in ancient China. The Chu Ci, a Western Han anthology of Chinese poems from the Warring States period, notes that along with a toad, there is a rabbit on the moon who constantly pounds herbs for the immortals. This notion is supported by later texts, including the Imperial Readings of the Taiping Era encyclopedia of the Song Dynasty. Han Dynasty poets call the rabbit on the moon the Jade Rabbit or the Gold Rabbit, so in the days of old people also use the words "Jade Rabbit" and "Gold Rabbit" to refer to the moon.

## Modern references

* The moon rabbit was mentioned in the conversation between Houston and the Apollo 11 crew just before the first moon landing; see the previous chapter for details.
* The American electronic music group Rabbit in the Moon gets its name from this legend.
* In the novel Watership Down the Grim Reaper in Lapine mythology is the Black Rabbit of Inlé. Inlé is the Lapine word for Moon.
* In the video game Destiny, there is a weapon called The Jade Rabbit, a semi-automatic rifle with a drawing of a white rabbit decorated on the magazine of the gun. The weapon even bears the Chinese characters for Jade Rabbit.
* In the music video of the BTS' song "Idol" there is a moon with a rabbit drawn on it.
* The Pokémon, Sylveon, was based on and designed around Chang'e, the Moon Goddess. And has rabbit ears to symbolise the Jade Rabbit.
# Chinese Medicinal Formulas/Tonic Prescriptions
## Introduction

Tonic prescriptions act to invigorate qi, blood, yin and yang of the body, to address the respective deficiencies. There are five types of tonic prescriptions, namely prescriptions for invigorating qi, nourishing blood, invigorating both qi and blood, invigorating yin and invigorating yang.

## Types of Formulas

* Prescriptions for Invigorating Qi
* Prescriptions for Nourishing Blood
* Prescriptions for Nourishing both Qi and Blood
* Prescriptions for Nourishing Yin
* Prescriptions for Nourishing Yang
# Chinese Stories/Bibliography

This is a list of references of this book.

## Mythology

Pangu:
* Xu Zheng (徐整; pinyin: Xú Zhěng; 220-265 AD), in the book Three Five Historic Records (三五歷紀; pinyin: Sānwǔ Lìjì), is the first to mention Pangu in the story "Pangu Separates the Sky from the Earth".
* Ge Hong (葛洪; pinyin: Gě Hóng; 284-364 AD), in the book Master of Preserving Simplicity Inner Writings (抱朴子内篇; pinyin: Baopuzi Neipian), describes Pangu (Werner, E.T.C. Myths and Legends of China (1922)).
* Ouyang Xun (歐陽詢; pinyin: Ōuyáng Xún; 557-641 AD), in the book Classified Anthology of Literary Works (藝文類聚; pinyin: Yiwen Leiju), also refers to Pangu.
* Carus, Paul (1852-1919) in the book Chinese Astrology, Early Chinese Occultism (1974) based on an earlier book by the same author Chinese Thought (1907).
Nüwa:
* Allan, Sarah (1991), The shape of the turtle: myth, art, and cosmos in early China, SUNY series in Chinese philosophy and culture, SUNY Press, ISBN 0791404609
Houyi and Change:
* Apollo 11 Technical Air-to-Ground Voice Transcription
* Onion-Club, Chang - e, About the Moon Festival
Jade Rabbit:
* Source: (accessed: Saturday January 23, 2010)
* Kazumaro, Kanbe. "Buddhist sayings in everyday life - Tsuki no Usagi". Otani University. 2005. Retrieved on July 25, 2007.
* Varma. C.B. "The Hare on the Moon". The Illustrated Jataka & Other Stories of the Buddha. 2002. Retrieved on July 25, 2007.
* 「與月為伴 愉閱中秋」, Taipei Public Library. 2006. Retrieved on July 25, 2007.
# Chinese Medicinal Formulas/Xiao Chaihu Tang
## Introduction

This formula was first published in Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases). Its Chinese name means "Minor Decoction of Bupleurum". This formula is typically decocted in water for oral application.

## Ingredients

The ingredients of Xiao Chaihu Tang are:
* Chaihu - 24g,
* Huangqin - 9g,
* Renshen - 9g,
* Zhigancao - 6g,
* Banxia - 9g,
* Shengjiang - 9g,
* Dazao - 4 pieces.
The main herb is Chaihu which expels the pathogenic factors in the shaoyang meridian. The secondary herb is Huangqin which purges accumulated heat. Renshen, Zhigancao and Dazao supplement Qi and strengthen body resistance. Banxia and Shenjiang regulate the stomach and prevent vomiting. Zhigancao coordinates the actions of various herbs in the formula.

## Application

This formula has been used for attacks of chills and fever, fullness of the chest, influenza, the common cold, chronic hepatitis, acute or chronic cholecystitis, pleuristis, pyelonephritis, postpartum infection, gastric ulcer and other febrile diseases of the shaoyang meridian.
# Christian Hymns/Ah! Lord, How Shall I Meet Thee
## Background
### Text

* Author: Paul Gerhardt
* Translator: Catherine Winkworth
* Source: Chorale Book for England

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* St. Theodulph
* Wie Soll Ich Dich Empfangen

## Lyrics

Ah! Lord, how shall I meet Thee,
How welcome Thee aright?
All nations long to greet Thee,
My hope, my sole delight!
Brighten the lamp that burneth
But dimly in my breast,
And teach my soul, that yearneth
To honour such high guest.
Thy Zion strews before Thee
Her fairest buds and palms,
And I too will adore Thee
With sweetest songs and psalms;
My soul breaks forth in flowers
Rejoicing in Thy fame,
And summons all her powers
To honour Jesus' name.
Nought, nought, dear Lord, could move Thee
To leave Thy rightful place
Save love, for which I love Thee;
A love that could embrace
A world where sorrow dwelleth,
Which sin and suffering fill,
More than the tongue e'er telleth;--
Yet Thou couldst love it still!
O ye sad hearts that sicken
With hope deferred, and see
The gloom around you thicken,
The joys ye hoped for flee,--
Despair not, He is near you,
Yea, at the very door,
Who best can help and cheer you,
He will not linger more.
Nor sin shall make you fearful,
Ashamed to see His face,
The contrite heart and tearful
He covers with His grace;
He comes to heal the spirit
That mourneth sin-oppressed,
And raise us to inherit
With Him our proper rest.
He comes to judge the nations,
A terror to His foes,
A light of consolations
And blessed hope to those
Who love the Lord's appearing:
O glorious Sun, now come,
Send forth Thy beams of cheering
And guide us safely home!
# Christian Hymns/Awake, Thou Careless World, Awake
## Background
### Text

* Author: Johann von Rist
* Translator: Catherine Winkworth
* Source: Chorale Book for England

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Wach Auf, Wach Auf, Du Sich're Welt

## Lyrics

Awake, thou careless world, awake!
That final Judgment day will surely come;
What Heav'n hath fix'd no Time can shake,
Time never more shall sweep away thy doom.
Know what the Lord Himself hath spoken
Shall come at last and not delay:
Though heav'n and earth shall pass away,
His steadfast Word can ne'er be broken.
Awake! thou careless world, awake!
For none can tell how soon our God may please
That suddenly that day should break,
No human wisdom fathoms depths like these:
O flee earth's base delights and pride,
For as the bird is in the snare,
Or ever of its foe aware,
So comes that day so long denied.
Yet He in love delayeth long
That awful day, and grants the sinner space
To turn away from sin and wrong,
And mourning seek in time His love and grace.
He holdeth back that best of days
Until the righteous shall approve
Their faith and hope, their constant love;
So gentle us-ward are His ways!
And those found faithful then shall see
That glorious morning dawn in love and joy,
Their Saviour comes to set them free,
Their Judge Himself shall all their bonds destroy;
He the true Joshua then shall bring
His people with a mighty hand
Into their promised fatherland,
Where songs of victory they shall sing.
Arise, and let us night and day
Watch for our Lord, and study o'er His word,
And in the Spirit ever pray,
That we be ready when His call is heard;
Arise, and let us haste to meet
The Bridegroom standing at the door,
That with the angels evermore
We too may worship at His feet.
# Choosing The Right File Format/Video

Typical video file formats are MPEG (.mpg or .mp4), QuickTime (.mov), RealVideo (.rv or .rm), Windows Media (.wmv) and Theora (usually .ogg).
MPEG file formats contain either MPEG 1, MPEG 2, or MPEG 4. MPEG is a ISO group. MP3 files are not MPEG 3; they are MPEG 1 Audio Layer 3. MPEG video has algorithm patents.
QuickTime is a file format created by Apple. Although it sounds like another codec, often it contains a licensed version of MPEG 4.
RealVideo is a partially proprietary format by RealNetworks. It is a codec and is often good quality. It is patented. However, an 'open' implementation is available from RealNetworks called 'Helix Player'.
Windows Media is a proprietary format by Microsoft. It is common and is often forced on people via the Windows operating system.
Theora is an open, non proprietary file format. It is often contained in an Ogg file. In this container the file is called 'Ogg Theora'. However, other containers are occasionally used, such as Matroska. Theora, Ogg and Matroska are patent free.
Ogg Theora is the recommended format because it is non proprietary, open and patent free.
# Choosing The Right File Format/Vector Graphics
## Single layer images

Another application of 2D vector graphics are for images where the image itself is the final product. Commercial products doing this are Adobe Illustrator and Macromedia Flash.
Adobe uses their proprietary format AI (standing for 'Adobe Illustrator', one of their products.) Movement is being made on a platform and product independent format called SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics). The SVG format has much of the functionality of Macromedia's SWF format plus many others, including the ability to be searched for text by search engines. Although at the time of writing this article SVG was not a mainstream format, its use is growing and it seems likely to become a standard in wide use [2]. Development of the SVG format are carried out by the W3C and at present SVG version 1.0 is a W3C Recommendation.

## Multiple layer images

For print shops and graphic designer it is often necessary to store the original working files. These may contain many layers of different images, as well as some record of previous changes made to the file.
The main players in this field are the PhotoShop Document (.psd) format and Corel PhotoPaint. The main OpenSource rival is GIMP Image File (.xcf) format. Because Gimp is an open source application the potential for its format becoming unreadable is low, however the two applications should not really be directly be compared.
TODO: Research availability and licensing of .psd and .xcf format specifications
Adobe Acrobat Reader includes support for SVG, Adobe also has a standalone SVG viewer which can be imbedded easily into internet explorer browsers.
Recommendation
* Do not use vector graphics to store important information unless unavoidable.
* Keep original files on CD with copies in SVG format. Keep paper copies.
Recommendation
References
# Choosing The Right File Format/Web Pages
## Web pages

Producing (X)HTML files can be done with a wide variety of software, and in general web browser are very forgiving of errors in HTML code. In most cases it would still be unwise to use office applications for creating (X)HTML documents. Although some office software applications are now quite good at generating clean (uncluttered) code, there are always some mistakes. Never under any circumstances use Microsoft Word's "Save as HTML function". The code that will be produced is full of non-standard, Microsoft-specific extensions, and the files it produces are very large.
The advantage of (X)HTML is that it can always be read with your eye, whether you have a suitable browser or not. For example, the title of an HTML page (if you look at the code of the file) is surrounded by <title> and </title> so it looks like this:
This makes (X)HTML ideal for storing text files with structure. You are however limited by your ability to create (X)HTML files and (X)HTML's limitations on formatting
Recommendation
* Set the DTD and (X)HTML flavour your software uses before starting a new file
* Validate your code with W3C's online validator: http://validator.w3.org/
* Group or compress the (X)HTML and CSS files together in a folder so they do not become separated
References
* World Wide Web Consortium: http://www.w3.org/
# Christian Hymns/A Thrilling Voice By Jordan Rings
## Background
### Text

* Author: Ambrose of Milan
* Translator: John Mason Neale
* Source:

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Freuen Wir Uns All In Ein
* Merton
* Rathbun

## Lyrics

A thrilling voice by Jordan rings,
rebuking guilt and darksome things:
vain dreams of sin and visions fly;
Christ in His might shines forth on high.
Now let each torpid soul arise,
that sunk in guilt and wounded lies;
see! the new Star's refulgent ray
shall chase disease and sin away.
The Lamb descends from heaven above
to pardon sin with freest love:
for such indulgent mercy shewn
with tearful joy our thanks we own.
That when again He shines revealed,
and trembling worlds to terror yield.
He give not sin its just reward,
but in His love protect and guard.
To the most high Parent glory be
and to the Son be victory,
and to the Spirit praise is owed
from age to age eternally. Amen.
# Christian Hymns/Arise, Sons of the Kingdom
## Background
### Text

* Author: Johann von Rist
* Translator: Catherine Winkworth, alt.
* Source:

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Aus Meines Herzens Grunde
* Von Gott Will Ich Nicht Lassen

## Lyrics

Arise, sons of the kingdom!
The King is drawing nigh;
Arise and hail with gladness
The Ruler from on high.
Ye Christians, hasten forth!
Your praise and homage bring Him,
And glad hosannas sing Him;
Naught else your love is worth.
Arise, ye drooping mourners!
The King is very near;
Away with grief and sorrow,
For, lo! your help is here.
Behold in many a place
O blessed consolation!
We find Him, our Salvation,
In His pure means of grace.
Now hear, ye bold transgressors,
The King does well give heed
To all that ye are doing,
And to the life ye lead,
Enthralled by sin and hell;
Nothing in all creation
Escapes His observation,
He marketh all things well.
Be righteous, ye His subjects,
The King is just and true;
Prepare for Him a highway,
Make all things straight and new.
He means all for our good;
Then let us bear the crosses
Which He Himself imposes
In an undaunted mood.
He nevermore forsaketh
A child that feels the rod,
Who Him his refuge maketh,
And puts his trust in God.
He is our sovereign King;
E'en death itself shall never
Those from their Master sever
Who to His mercy cling.
Arise, ye faint and fearful!
The King now comes with might;
His heart hath long since loved us,
He makes our darkness light.
Now are our sorrows o'er;
No wrath shall e'er befall us,
Since God in grace doth call us
His children evermore.
The King in grace remembers
His loved ones here below
With gifts of royal treasures,
Yea, doth Himself bestow
Through His blest word and grace.
O King arrayed in splendor,
To Thee all praise we'll render
Here and there face to face.
Oh, rich the gifts Thou bring'st us,
Thyself made poor and weak;
O Love beyond expression
That thus can sinners seek!
For this, O Lord, will we
Our joyous tribute bring Thee,
And glad hosannas sing Thee,
And ever grateful be.
# Christian Hymns/Arise, The Kingdom Is at Hand
## Background
### Text

* Author: Johann von Rist
* Translator: Catherine Winkworth
* Source: Chorale Book for England

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Christmas
* Ellacombe

## Lyrics

Arise, the kingdom is at hand,
The king is drawing nigh;
Arise with joy, ye faithful band,
To greet the Lord most High!
Ye Christians, hasten forth,
With holy ardours greet your King,
And glad Hosannas to Him sing,
Nought else your love is worth.
Look up, ye drooping hearts, to-day!
The King is very near,
Oh cast your griefs and fears away,
For lo! your Help is here;
And comfort rich and sweet
In many a place for us is stored,
Where in His sacraments and word
Our Saviour we can meet.
Look up, ye souls weigh'd down with care!
The Sovereign is not far;
Look up, faint heart, from your despair,
Behold the Morning Star!
The Lord is with us now,
Who shall the sinking spirit feed
With strength and comfort at its need,
To whom e'en Death shall bow.
Hope, O ye broken hearts, at last!
The King comes on in might,
He loved us in the ages past
When we sat wrapp'd in night;
Now are our sorrows o'er,
And fear and wrath to joy give place,
Since God hath made us in His grace
His children evermore.
O rich the gifts Thou bringest us,
Thyself made poor and weak;
O love beyond compare that thus
Can foes and sinners seek!
For this to Thee alone
We raise on high a gladsome voice,
And evermore with thanks rejoice
Before Thy glorious throne.
# Belarusian/Lesson 17
## The Past Tense

The past tense is strikingly similar to that of Russian and Ukrainian. Like the two aforementioned languages, the conjugations is simpler than the present tense. But, as a reminder, instead of six endings as in the present and future, we have only four in the past. There is a reason: the past tense changes according to the gender (Masculine, feminine, and neutral) and number (singular and plural). The past tense is used for verbs of both aspects. The imperfective past tense tends to show an action done that used to be done in the past (as in a routine or repetitive, sequential action), while the perfective tense is one in which an action was done in one stroke.
The past tenses of the verbs are as follows:
чыта́ць
Я/Ты/Ён чыта́ў: I/you/he (man) used to read, have read (but not finished)
Я/Ты/Янá чыта́ла: I/you/she (woman) used to read, have read
Янó чыта́лo (sometimes written with an a, as the 'o' is rarely stressed in past endings)= It used to read
Mы/Bы/Яны чыта́лi: We/You (formal and plural)/They used to read, have read--but not finished
Now comes the perfective verb прачыта́ць (to finish reading, to read in one stroke)
Я/Ты/Ён прачыта́ў: I/you/he have read (and finished the book, etc...)
Я/Ты/Янá прачыта́ла: I/you/she (woman) read (done and finished reading in one stroke)
Янó прачыта́лo (sometimes written with an a, as the 'o' is rarely stressed in past endings)= It read
Mы/Bы/Яны прачыта́лi: We/You (plural and formal)/They read-- done or completed just once.
There is really no trick to it; you just replace the infinitive -ць with -ў for masculine nouns; -ла for feminine(and sometimes unstressed neuter) nouns, -лo for most neuter forms and -лi for all plural nouns, very similar to the Russian past tense endings -л, -ла, -лo, ли and Ukrainian -в, -ла, -лo, ли.
However, there are a few verbs that end in -цi and these have different endings:

## The Future Tense

Like all other Balto-Slavic languages, the future tense has two forms in Belorussian. For Imperfective verbs, we use the conjugated form of Быць (to be) plus the infinitive of the verb. This tense is very similar to that of the English future tense. Imperfective future is used to show an action will be done but it is not known when it shall be done, or it can also show a reppetive action waiting to be fulfilled again.
чыта́ць /прачыта́ць
Я бýдy чыта́ць
Ты бýдзеш чыта́ць
Ён/Янá/Янó бýдзе чыта́ць
Mы бýдзем чыта́ць
Bы бýдзецe чыта́ць
Яны бýдyць чыта́ць
Perfective verbs, on the other hand, form a simple future with the very same verb endings as their present-tense counterparts and these show an action that will be done with the utmost certainty, and one that will be short or done only one time. Again, like the present tense, pronouns can be omitted due to context in both future tenses:
Я прачыта́ю
Ты прачыта́еш
Ён/Янá/Янó прачыта́е
Mы прачыта́ем
Bы прачыта́ецe
Яны прачыта́юць
# C Programming/stddef.h/Function reference
## offsetof

C's offsetof macro is an ANSI C library feature found in stddef.h. It evaluates to the offset (in bytes) of a given member within a struct or union type, an expression of type size_t. The offsetof macro takes two parameters, the first being a structure name, and the second being the name of a member within the structure. It can not be described as a C prototype.

### Implementation

The "traditional" implementation of the macro relied on the compiler being not especially picky about pointers; it obtained the offset of a member by specifying a hypothetical structure that begins at address zero:
This works by casting a null pointer into a pointer to structure st, obtaining the address of member m within this structure, casting that address into a character pointer, then using pointer arithmetic to subtract the base address of the structure, all of which results in the number of character positions (i.e., bytes) between the beginning of the structure and the beginning of the member.
While this works correctly in many compilers, it has undefined behavior according to the C standard, since it involves both a dereference of a null pointer, and a cast that violates the aliasing rules. It also tends to produce confusing compiler diagnostics if one of the arguments is misspelled. Modern compilers often define the macro using a special form instead, e.g.

### Usage

It is useful when implementing generic data structures in C. For example, the Linux kernel uses offsetof to implement container_of, which allows something like a Mixin type to find the structure that contains it:
This macro is used to retrieve an enclosing structure from a pointer to a nested element, such as this iteration of a linked list of my_struct objects:

## References

* ↑ "offsetof reference". MSDN. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
* ↑ "GCC offsetof reference". Free Software Foundation. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
* ↑ Greg Kroah-Hartman (2003-06). "container_of". Linux Journal. Retrieved 2010-09-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
# C Programming/stdatomic.h
## Summary

The stdatomic.h header defines several macros and declares several types and functions for performing atomic operations on data shared between threads.

## Function Overview
### Initialization

| atomic_init | initializes an atomic object |

### Fences

* atomic_thread_fence
* atomic_signal_fence

### Lock-Free Property

| atomic_is_lock_free | indicates whether or not an atomic object is lock-free |

### Operations

| atomic_store | replaces the value of an atomic object |
| atomic_load | returns the value of an atomic object |
| atomic_exchange | replaces and returns the value of an atomic object |
| atomic_compare_exchange_strong | |
| atomic_compare_exchange_weak | |
| atomic_fetch_key | |
| atomic_flag_test_and_set | |
| atomic_flag_clear | |