# History of video games/2020-2029
## Trends
### COVID-19

The game industry booms, as people hunker down at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some game retailers initially resisted closing down during lockdowns by declaring themselves essential businesses, to widespread criticism. Numerous high profile games are delayed due to COVID-19. Game development companies move to work from home, with some such as Square Enix planning to allow work from home after the pandemic ends. Animal Talking leverages the Animal Crossing: New Horizons as a medium to create a highly successful talk show that rivals and outcompetes traditional media during early pandemic restrictions.
In contrast to many other economic sectors that are drastically affected by the pandemic, the video game industry has been more resilient. Most video game developers, publishers, and operators have been able to maintain operations with employees w:remote working to sustain game development and digital releases, though some productivity issues arose. With many people globally at home and unable to work, online gaming has observed record numbers of players during the pandemic as a popular activity to counter physical distancing for society, a practice recommended by the w:World Health Organization that helped boost revenues for many companies in the gaming industry.
The pandemic simulation game Plague Inc., which was originally released eight years prior in 2012, gains massive popularity, with the developers releasing an update to enhance the educational experience of the game in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The developer of Plague Inc. also donated $250,000 to CEPI and WHO to help fight the pandemic. The older 2008 flash game Pandemic 2 also experiences a surge of popularity.
In 2021 the Truck Simulator series held a virtual trucking event in solidarity with real truckers delivering COVID-19 vaccines. Players from around the globe organized a virtual graduation ceremony using Minecraft.
COVID-19 increased the public profile of virtual reality applications, potentially increasing interest in VR gaming as a result. AR gaming proved to help some seeking reprieve from isolation. As gyms closed, interest in Exergaming greatly increased by those looking to get fit while isolating.
Though its launch was delayed by COVID-19, the first Super Nintendo World theme park in Osaka, Japan was shown in a video tour online by Mario creator Shigeru Miyamoto.
Groups dedicated to tracking the availability of game consoles during the shortages sometimes assisted in finding COVID-19 supplies.

### Games as a Political Vehicle

In the run up to the 2020 United States elections, politicians used online multiplayer games and game streaming to reach out to voters safely during the pandemic. The Biden campaign operated a custom Fortnite island with its own minigames. In Animal Crossing: New Horizons, which supports user made content, digital yard signs were distributed by the Biden campaign. Though the official Trump campaign mocked campaigning in games, independent efforts by his supporters also made Animal Crossing signs, as well as using the massively popular game Among Us to promote their candidate. Following the election a video was posted of President Biden playing Mario Kart Arcade GP DX with Naomi Biden at Camp David.

### Developer Welfare Concerns

Concerns for developer welfare continued from the previous decade into the 2020's.
In particular there were a number of high profile incidents at major game developer companies. This lead to increased calls for, and corporate pushback against, unionizing.
Concerns of child labor in the industry were also raised.

### Popular Genres

* Skateboarding

## 2020
### Apple vs. Epic

In August 2020, Apple and Epic begin disputing payment systems on the Apple App store, resulting in the game Fortnite being removed from the App Store. Coupled with increasing scrutiny from lawmakers, Apple reduces their cut from 30% to 15% for developers making under a million dollars annually, a move said to benefit indie game developers.

### Ninth generation of video game consoles

The first ninth generation consoles launch in November 2020. 3D audio, SSD storage, and raytracing support is a common trend in this generation. Initially supplies of new PS5 and Xbox Series consoles are quickly bought up.

## 2021
### Economy
#### GameStop Stock

Defying expectations, in January 2021 Redditors send the stock of the physical game retailer GameStop soaring over 1600%. This had broader implications for the overall market, as the reactions from some firms caused some members of Congress to begin looking into the event.

#### Blockchain

Some game developers and game artists turn to non-fungible tokens as an additional revenue stream, with concerns over environmental impact and issues with rights leading to controversy.
Major PC game distributor Valve banned games using blockchain, NFT, and cryptocurrency from it's distribution platform Steam by October 15th, 2021. Competitor Epic continued to allow such games on it's Epic Games Store.

#### Collectables

Collectables soared in value, with a sealed and graded copy of Super Mario 64 selling for over 1.5 million US dollars. This was the first publicized instance of a single copy of a video game selling for over one million US dollars. This was quickly surpassed, with an unopened copy of Super Mario Bros. selling for 2 million dollars.

#### Mint

The United States Mint mixed game collecting with coin collecting with the production of the manganese-brass 2021 New Hampshire American Innovation $1 coin, which honored Ralph Baer, and the development of the Magnavox Odyssey. The reverse of the coin was designed by artist Christina Hess and depicted gameplay generated by the Odyssey prototype, the "Brown Box". Upon release the coin proved to be popular among collectors, selling 785,700 coins in 6 days.
This is recognized as the first time the United States Mint created currency featuring a video game.

#### Other

2021 also saw increased investment in gaming companies by sovereign wealth funds.

### Technology
#### Neural Implants

In 2021 the game Pong was used to demonstrate a wireless neural implant to the public.

#### Xbox 2042

In October 2021 Microsoft released a speculative concept of what an Xbox might look like in 2042. Technologies included in this work of speculative fiction included a holographic interface, a neural interface, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and quantum technology. The fictitious console were touted as being "90% smaller", while using 1 exaFlop of performance to ouptup 32k video in between 240 and 480 frames per second.

#### Nuclear Handheld Game Console Mod

Ian Charnas attracted much attention in 2021 with the development of a nuclear powered handheld game mod.
The modded console captured the output of 25 vials luminescent Trintium vials placed between 2 conventional solarphotovoltaic cells, and then stored the continuous 1.5 microwatts of output energy in thin film solid state batteries. The console was not capable of continuous operation, but could play a clone of Tetris for 55 minutes once every one to two months. The system power source should last for 25 years, though some media sources stated the system to have an operational life of 100 years.
The system was raffled to raise proceeds for the charity Chernobyl Children International.

### Culture

For the first time, the Hugo Awards included video games as finalists in 2021.
The International Olympic Committee hosted their first esports event, the Olympic Virtual Series, beginning on May 13th, 2021. The opening ceremony for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic games on July 23rd, 2021 included music derived from a number of video games.
Some American politicians cited video games as a negative factor in society.

### Fall of Kabul

Following the collapse of the Afghanistan government, gamers in Afghanistan feared that games would once again be banned in their country.

## 2022
### Gaming in Russia

Major console manufacturers left the Russian market, though they were not popular with gamers there due to a preference for PC gaming.

## Notable Cross Platform Games of the 2020's
### Umurangi Generation

A 2020 photography game set in an future apocalyptic Tauranga, New Zealand. The game was developed by a Māori developer, and was noted for it's themes of colonization from the perspective of the colonized.
Read more about Umurangi Generation on Wikipedia.

## Gallery

* A map of countries showing GDP per capita in 2020. Countries with wealthier citizens are more likely to have higher impacts in non-essential markets such as video games. Dark purple indicates higher GDP per capita, light blue indicates lower GDP per capita.

## References

* ↑ Browne, Ryan (20 November 2020). "Game consoles may haul in $45 billion this year, and big changes are coming". CNBC. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ "GameStop closes all stores". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/20/tech/gamestop-open-essential-business/index.html.
* ↑ McWhertor, Michael (10 September 2020). "No More Heroes 3 delayed to 2021". Polygon. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ Warren, Tom (11 August 2020). "Microsoft delays Halo Infinite to 2021". The Verge. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ G, Alec (21 May 2020). "Nintendo Developers Experiencing 'Big Limitations' From Working at Home Because of COVID-19 Pandemic". Tech Times. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
* ↑ Clayton, Natalie (25 November 2020). "Square Enix will let employees work from home permanently". PC Gamer. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
* ↑ Farokhmanesh, Megan (14 May 2020). "Late night's hottest talk show is in Animal Crossing". The Verge. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Schreier, Jason (21 April 2020). "Gaming Sales Are Up, but Production Is Down". The New York Times. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
* ↑ Romero, Nick (19 March 2020). "Game (still) on: How coronavirus is impacting the gaming industry". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
* ↑ Howley, Daniel (18 March 2020). "The world is turning to video games amid coronavirus outbreak". Yahoo!. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
* ↑ "How to Get Rich Simulating the Deaths of Billions of People" (in en-us). Wired. https://www.wired.com/2012/12/plague-inc/.
* 1 2 Thompson, Benjamin; Howe, Nick (16 December 2020). "Could you prevent a pandemic? A very 2020 video game". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-03594-6. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
* ↑ Leskin, Paige. "An old flash computer game is getting a 2nd life because of its eerie similarities to the coronavirus outbreak, and its website's CEO says it has too much of an 'educational value' to shut it down". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-pandemic-2-computer-game-second-life-amid-outbreak-2020-3.
* ↑ Good, Owen S. (22 January 2021). "Truck Simulator event invites players to deliver COVID-19 vaccines" (in en). Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2021/1/22/22244780/euro-truck-simulator-2-american-hauling-hope-covid-event-dates.
* ↑ "Inside a Global Graduation Ceremony, Held Entirely in 'Minecraft'". Rolling Stone. 1 June 2020. https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/global-graduation-quaranteen-minecraft-1007713/.
* ↑ "Coronavirus: Is virtual reality tourism about to take off?". BBC News. 30 October 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-54658147.
* ↑ Ellis, Louise A.; Lee, Matthew D.; Ijaz, Kiran; Smith, James; Braithwaite, Jeffrey; Yin, Kathleen (22 December 2020). "COVID-19 as 'Game Changer' for the Physical Activity and Mental Well-Being of Augmented Reality Game Players During the Pandemic: Mixed Methods Survey Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research: pp. e25117. doi:10.2196/25117. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33284781/.
* ↑ Viana, Ricardo Borges; de Lira, Claudio Andre Barbosa (June 2020). "Exergames as Coping Strategies for Anxiety Disorders During the COVID-19 Quarantine Period". Games for Health Journal. 9 (3): 147–149. doi:10.1089/g4h.2020.0060. ISSN 2161-7856. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
* ↑ Sarkar, Samit (13 March 2020). "Ring Fit Adventure is sold out everywhere, Nintendo confirms" (in en). Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2020/3/13/21177214/ring-fit-adventure-sold-out-stock-coronavirus-nintendo-switch.
* ↑ Peters, Jay (18 December 2020). "Shigeru Miyamoto tours Super Nintendo World theme park in new video" (in en). The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2020/12/18/22189601/super-nintendo-world-theme-park-universal-studios-japan-mario-shigeru-miyamoto.
* ↑ Machkovech, Sam (19 December 2020). "Miyamoto leads fans through Super Nintendo World—and it looks incredible" (in en-us). Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2020/12/miyamoto-leads-fans-through-super-nintendo-world-and-it-looks-incredible/.
* ↑ Carpenter, Nicole (7 January 2022). "COVID-19 tests are so hard to find that console trackers are stepping in". Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/22872150/covid-19-testing-ps5-xbox-console-tracker-help.
* ↑ Smith, Noah. "The gamer vote: Democrats lean into video games to aid Biden campaign". Washington Post. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Park, Gene. "Joe Biden's 'Animal Crossing' island was definitely made by a pro gamer". Washington Post. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ "Joe Biden Has A Fortnite Island Now" (in en-us). Kotaku. https://kotaku.com/joe-biden-has-a-fortnite-island-now-1845539140.
* ↑ Taylor, Derrick Bryson; Ortiz, Aimee (1 September 2020). "Biden Campaign Courts the Animal Crossing Island Vote With Yard Signs". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Pesce, Nicole Lyn. "Trump camp mocks Joe Biden for ‘campaigning for president of “Animal Crossing” ’ with virtual yard signs". MarketWatch. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/trump-camp-mocks-joe-biden-for-campaigning-for-president-of-animal-crossing-with-virtual-yard-signs-2020-09-01.
* ↑ Kim, Allen. "'Animal Crossing' players can deck their virtual yards with Joe Biden campaign signs". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/01/tech/animal-crossing-biden-trnd/index.html.
* ↑ "When even Biden has an "Animal Crossing" island: Games are the new battleground state". Los Angeles Times. 30 October 2020. https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2020-10-30/election-games-animal-crossing-biden-among-us-aoc-twitch-propaganda.
* ↑ "President Joe Biden Apparently Plays Mario Kart - IGN" (in en). https://www.ign.com/articles/president-joe-biden-apparently-plays-mario-kart.
* ↑ "President Biden Only Just Beat His Granddaughter At Mario Kart" (in en-us). Kotaku. https://kotaku.com/president-biden-only-just-beat-his-granddaughter-at-mar-1846270984.
* ↑ Needleman, Kirsten Grind, Ben Fritz and Sarah E. (16 November 2021). "Activision CEO Bobby Kotick Knew for Years About Sexual-Misconduct Allegations at Videogame Giant". Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/activision-videogames-bobby-kotick-sexual-misconduct-allegations-11637075680.
* ↑ "Riot Games agrees to pay $100 million in settlement of class-action gender discrimination lawsuit". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2021/12/27/riot-discrimination-100-million-settlement/.
* ↑ Allyn, Bobby (10 December 2021). "Embattled Activision Blizzard to employees: 'consider the consequences' of unionizing" (in en). NPR. https://www.npr.org/2021/12/10/1063230658/embattled-activision-blizzard-to-employees-consider-the-consequences-of-unionizi.
* ↑ "The video game industry is closer to unionization than ever before". The Seattle Times. 27 December 2021. https://www.seattletimes.com/business/the-video-game-industry-is-closer-to-unionization-than-ever-before/.
* ↑ D'Anastasio, Cecilia. "Why 2021 Was the Biggest Year for the Labor Movement in Games". Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/2021-biggest-year-labor-movement-video-games/.
* ↑ "The sketchy economy that helps Roblox make its millions" (in en). the Guardian. 21 December 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/games/2021/dec/21/pushing-buttons-roblox.
* ↑ "An Esports Team Signed An 8 Year Old, But Nobody Is Sure If It's Legal" (in en-us). Kotaku. https://kotaku.com/an-esports-team-signed-an-8-year-old-but-nobody-is-sur-1845898629.
* ↑ Clayton, Natalie (2021-05-27). "Skateboarding games are back, here's why they're better than ever". PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/skateboarding-games-are-back-heres-why-theyre-better-than-ever/.
* ↑ Corkery, Michael; Maheshwari, Sapna (30 October 2020). "Boarded-Up Windows and Increased Security: Retailers Brace for the Election". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/business/retailers-election-protests.html.
* ↑ "'Fortnite' Developer Epic Games Is Suing Apple for Anti-Competitive Practices". www.vice.com. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ Leswing, Kif (18 November 2020). "Apple will cut App Store commissions by half to 15% for small app makers". CNBC. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Axon, Samuel (18 November 2020). "Apple drops its cut of App Store revenues from 30% to 15% for some developers". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Yin-Poole, Wesley (20 November 2020). "Are the PS5 and Xbox Series X too buggy at launch? It's the Eurogamer next-gen news cast!". Eurogamer. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ Warren, Tom (10 September 2020). "Welcome to the next generation of gaming". The Verge. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ "What 3D Audio Means for Next-Gen Games - IGN". Retrieved 20 November 2020.
* ↑ "Will there be another PlayStation 5 and Xbox restock at retailers this year?". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ "Sold Out? How to Beat the Rush and Score an Xbox Series X, PS5 From Retailers Online". PCMAG. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
* ↑ Lopatto, Elizabeth (27 January 2021). "How r/WallStreetBets gamed the stock of GameStop" (in en). The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/22251427/reddit-gamestop-stock-short-wallstreetbets-robinhood-wall-street.
* ↑ Lopatto, Elizabeth (27 January 2021). "Memes have broken the brokerages" (in en). The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/27/22252864/wallstreetbets-stocks-memes-broker-outages-limits-amc-gamestop.
* ↑ "AOC, Rashida Tlaib Rip Robinhood Over GameStop Trading Restrictions". Rolling Stone. 28 January 2021. https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/gamestop-reddit-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-rashida-tlaib-hedge-funds-1120334/.
* ↑ "Gaming Crypto-Artists Court Controversy While Cashing in on NFTs" (in en). Bloomberg.com. 9 March 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-09/gaming-crypto-artists-court-controversy-while-cashing-in-on-nfts.
* ↑ Hollister, Sean (15 March 2021). "Maybe don’t sell your friend’s art as an NFT" (in en). The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2021/3/15/22332357/nft-art-jason-rohrer-castle-doctrine-selling-friend-art.
* ↑ "Game Artists Not Happy That Developer Is Selling Their Nearly Decade-Old Work As NFTs" (in en-us). Kotaku. https://kotaku.com/game-artists-not-happy-that-developer-is-selling-their-1846465316.
* ↑ "Steam Boots Blockchain-Based Video Games From Its Platform". finance.yahoo.com. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/steam-boots-blockchain-based-video-220703381.html.
* ↑ Yin-Poole, Wesley (16 October 2021). "Valve bans blockchain, crypto and NFT games from Steam, but Epic is on-board" (in en). Eurogamer. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2021-10-16-valve-bans-blockchain-and-nft-games-from-steam-but-epic-is-on-board.
* ↑ Peters, Jay (24 July 2021). "Super Mario 64 probably won’t be the last million-dollar video game" (in en). The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/24/22587929/super-mario-64-heritage-auctions-most-expensive-wata-games.
* ↑ Picheta, Rob. "A copy of 'Super Mario 64' sold for over $1.5 million, the most ever paid for a video game" (in en). CNN. https://www.cnn.com/style/article/super-mario-auction-video-game-record-scli-intl/index.html.
* ↑ "Mamma Mia! Super Mario 64 Is The First Video Game To Sell For More Than $1 Million" (in en). NPR.org. https://www.npr.org/2021/07/14/1016037499/super-mario-64-video-game-auction-million-dollars.
* ↑ Browning, Kellen (6 August 2021). "A Super Mario Bros. game sells for $2 million, another record for gaming collectibles.". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/06/business/super-mario-bros-sale-record.html.
* ↑ Gray, Kate (6 August 2021). "A Copy Of Super Mario Bros. For NES Just Smashed World Records, AGAIN". Nintendo Life. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/08/a_copy_of_super_mario_bros_for_nes_just_smashed_world_records_again.
* 1 2 "American Innovation $1 – New Hampshire | U.S. Mint". www.usmint.gov. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
* ↑ "U.S. Mint Honors Game Developer Ralph Baer" (in en). IEEE Spectrum. 21 July 2021. https://spectrum.ieee.org/us-mint-honors-game-developer-ralph-baer.
* ↑ "Sales strong for commemorative coin honoring NH video-game pioneer". June 28, 2021. https://www.concordmonitor.com/ralph-baer-home-video-game-coin-nh-mint-41187818.
* ↑ Bulfinch, Chris (11 June 2021). "Coin Honors Inventor and the Birth of Videogame Culture". CoinWeek. https://coinweek.com/modern-coins/coin-honors-inventor-and-the-birth-of-video-game-culture/.
* ↑ "Saudi Activision Blizzard Stake Rises Again Amid Controversy" (in en). Bloomberg.com. 17 August 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-17/saudi-stake-rises-again-as-activision-blizzard-faces-controversy.
* ↑ Timmer, John (9 April 2021). "The big advance in Elon Musk’s Pong-playing monkey is what you can’t see" (in en-us). Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/04/the-big-advance-in-elon-musks-pong-playing-monkey-is-what-you-cant-see/.
* ↑ "Microsoft imagines Xbox 2042 with 1 exaFLOP processor". HEXUS. 29 October 2021. https://hexus.net/gaming/news/hardware/148579-microsoft-imagines-xbox-2042-1-exaflop-processor/.
* ↑ "Xbox's Vision For 2042 Is 32K Resolution, 480FPS Gameplay". GameSpot. https://www.gamespot.com/articles/xbox-vision-for-2042-is-32k-resolution-480fps-gameplay/1100-6497431/.
* ↑ Sheridan, Connor (27 October 2021). "Xbox 2042 video from Microsoft stars a tiny super-console that beams onto your contacts" (in en). gamesradar. https://www.gamesradar.com/xbox-2042-video-from-microsoft-stars-a-tiny-super-console-that-beams-onto-your-contacts/.
* ↑ "Could the Xbox 2042 Console Really Exist in Just 20 Years?" (in en). https://www.dualshockers.com/could-the-xbox-2042-console-really-exist-in-just-20-years/.
* ↑ Stephenson, Brad (28 October 2021). "Microsoft's Xbox 2042 concept video teases 32K video, 240 FPS, holograms, and more - OnMSFT.com". https://www.onmsft.com/news/microsofts-xbox-2042-concept-video-teases-32k-video-240-fps-holograms-and-more.
* ↑ "Next-gen Xbox 2042: 32K 480FPS perf with 1 exaFLOPs quantum processor". TweakTown. 27 October 2021. https://www.tweaktown.com/news/82423/next-gen-xbox-2042-32k-480fps-perf-with-1-exaflops-quantum-processor/index.html.
* 1 2 3 4 "YouTuber Builds A Nuclear Powered Game Boy". TheGamer. 15 July 2021. https://www.thegamer.com/nuclear-powered-game-boy/.
* 1 2 3 "This Tetris-Playing Game Boy Knockoff Runs on a Tiny Nuclear Generator" (in en-us). Gizmodo. https://gizmodo.com/this-tetris-playing-game-boy-knockoff-runs-on-a-tiny-nu-1847289167.
* ↑ "This Nuclear-Powered Game Boy Will Run for a Century" (in en). Hackster.io. https://www.hackster.io/news/this-nuclear-powered-game-boy-will-run-for-a-century-d3c1cb3c53e9.
* ↑ "Jugaad Level Max! This Guy Charged His Game Boy With 'Nuclear' Batteries To Play Tetris" (in en-IN). IndiaTimes. 15 July 2021. https://www.indiatimes.com/trending/jugaad/youtuber-charges-game-boy-using-tiny-nuclear-generator-545018.html.
* ↑ "Nuclear Powered Game Boy" (in en). kottke.org. https://kottke.org/21/07/nuclear-powered-game-boy.
* ↑ "YouTuber Converts A Knock-Off Game Boy To Run On Nuclear Power". GameSpot. https://www.gamespot.com/articles/youtuber-converts-a-knock-off-game-boy-to-run-on-nuclear-power/1100-6493948/.
* ↑ "2021 Hugo Award game finalists include 'Hades' and 'Animal Crossing'". Engadget. https://www.engadget.com/2021-hugo-award-game-finalists-210602810.html.
* ↑ Horiuchi, Junko (28 June 2021). "IOC weighs addition of pandemic-boosted virtual sports to Olympics". The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2021/06/28/olympics/ioc-esports-future-games/.
* ↑ Note: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 Olympic games were held in 2021.
* ↑ "Olympics ceremony uses music from Japanese video games" (in en). AP NEWS. 23 July 2021. https://apnews.com/article/tokyo-olympics-video-game-music-8dbdfaff5de83c76b021d1dc0e25c871.
* ↑ McWhertor, Michael (23 July 2021). "The Olympic opening ceremony was full of video game music" (in en). Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/22590146/olympics-2020-games-athletes-parade-of-nations-video-game-music-dragon-quest-kingdom-hearts.
* ↑ "Republican senator Josh Hawley worries feminism has driven men to ‘pornography and video games’" (in en). the Guardian. 1 November 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/01/josh-hawley-feminism-men-pornography-video-games.
* ↑ Bacharier, Galen. "Sen. Hawley says American men are 'withdrawing' into pornography and video games amid 'crisis'". USA TODAY. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/11/02/missouri-republican-hawley-men-withdrawing-pornography-video-games/6251225001/.
* ↑ "Sen. Josh Hawley says liberals’ attacks on manhood are driving men to pornography and video games". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/11/02/josh-hawley-pornography-video-games/.
* ↑ "Kabul gamers fret over favourite pastime with Taliban back in power" (in en). Reuters. 14 September 2021. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/kabul-gamers-fret-over-favourite-pastime-with-taliban-back-power-2021-09-13/.
* ↑ Orland, Kyle (10 March 2022). "Russia’s console game market no longer exists" (in en-us). Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2022/03/russias-console-game-market-no-longer-exists/.
* ↑ "Review | ‘Umurangi Generation’: A photography game that urges you to look closer". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/reviews/umurangi-generation-photography-game-that-urges-you-look-closer/.
* ↑ Weidman, George. "Umurangi Generation, Colonialism, UAPs, UFOs and Alien Invasion Stories". Retrieved 22 June 2021.
* ↑ "Interview: Umurangi Generation's Developer On Fascism, Colonisation, And Donald Trump". TheGamer. 2021-06-05. https://www.thegamer.com/umurangi-generation-interview-fascism-colonisation/.
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