OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Exercise as it relates to Disease/teaching resource/fact sheet tutorial
## Writing a fact sheet tutorial

A fact sheet is typically an important, at-a-glance tool used in public relations to provide an overview of a large issue. Fact sheets can stand alone, but commonly supplement a news release, a chapter of a book, or replace a brochure. The point of a fact sheet is to get the reader to do something. More information than you need to convince them is a waste of the reader's time and risks losing their attention. Make it as easy as possible for them to take action.

### Fact sheet elements

A fact sheet is generally one or two pages and includes “the who, what, when, where, why and how” about a chapter or event. Here are some tips on creating a fact sheet.
      * One page is best
      * Make it readable
      * Keep the text brief - no one wants to read tons of information in a small font
      * Keep the most important information in the first paragraph - what the issue is, what action is needed, and label the main message(s)
      * Give references for more information - in electronic communications you can offer links
      * The fact sheet must be self-contained - do not refer to previous documents or assume that the reader remembers the information
      * Use bullets when you can
      * Leave lots of white space
      * Make it very clear what you want the reader to do - bold type face, text boxes, and graphics add emphasis
      * Give the reader all the tools he/she may need to take action

### Tutorial Steps

* In groups of two discuss potential options for a fact sheet topic.
* Find a majority view on what type of information would be useful for this fact sheet.
* Determine what related information would be too much or not suitable to the fact sheet.
* Discuss ideas on what visual aids could assist in the fact sheet.
* Discuss what kinds of information people may want to know more about, but for which you don't have enough space on the fact sheet. How can you point the reader towards this further information?
Note that some of these points discussed above relate to style. For the purposes of this exercise, we ask you to only sytlise within the wiki (which is quite limited).
Here are some examples of health related fact sheets
   * Black Dog Institute - Exercise and Depression (PDF). Note that the topic is broad and consequently too long for this assessment item, but the coverage in the sections is a good start.
   * Sudden Death and exercise (PDF) is a one page SADS fact sheet, but I don’t think it covers the sections outline above and appears to only make recommendations without a background.
   * Sports Medicine Australia, diabetes and exercise fact sheet (PDF). Similar to the depression fact sheet above, this covers sections well but is too broad in its approach for this assessment.
   * British Health Service, exercise recommendations for children (PDF). covers recommendations very well.
# Exercise as it relates to Disease/teaching resource

This pages provides some of the background teaching behind the Exercise as it relates to disease site.
* Writing a fact sheet tutorial
* Tutorial to help you get started with the technical side
* Wikibooks help section.
# Exercise as it relates to Disease/Exercise as it relates to Disease/Effects of exercise on Multiple Sclerosis
## What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Multiple Sclerosis affects the brain and the spinal cord . due to the damage of the myelin, axon and oligodendrocytes. There is a higher activation of the body's natural killer cells and these attack the myelin proteolipid protein.$^{(1)}$ The process of the demyelination of the axon slows down the conduction velocity of the axon.$^{(1)}$ The slowing of conduction in the demyelinated motor and sensory tracts can cause problems in balance and gait (walking).$^{(1)}$ This can also occur in the proprioceptive and visual pathways causing imbalance, in coordination and spastic movements. $^{(1)}$

## Problems Associated with Multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis effects those between the ages of 20–50 years old $^{(3)}$ with women more likely to be diagnosed than men, with a 2:1 ratio of women to men being diagnosed $^{(2)}$ Majority of the MS population are physically inactive, due to symptoms such as fatigue than can make it very difficult to do so.$^{(2)}$ This can lead to secondary diseases such as obesity and Coronary heart disease.$^{(2)}$ Multiple Sclerosis causes many problems for sufferers in the areas of muscle, sensation, coordination and balance. $^{(4)}$ These symptoms can make it hard for sufferers to lead normal lives as it can restrict their social interaction, lose their occupation, effect mental health and stops them from performing normal day to day tasks$^{(3)}$

## Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis

| Symptom | Effects on the patient. |
| Fatigue | One of the major symptoms associated with MS. 65% of individuals who suffer from MS reported some sort of fatigue limitations. 40% found it was the most debilitating symptom.$^{(1,2)}$ MS fatigue is most frequently felt as tiredness or as muscle fatigue without any exercise $^{(1)}$ Fatigue can also become progressively worse throughout the day, it can also be affected by heat and humidity $^{(1)}$ |
| Muscle Weakness | |
| Example | Example |
| Example | Example |
| Example | Example |

## References

* ↑ Dressendorfer,, R., (2004). "Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis". Sports Medicine. 34: 1077–1100. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
* ↑ Erickson.,, K, (2010). "MS, exercise, and the potential for older adults". European Review of Ageing and Physical Activity. 7: 49–57. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
* ↑ Hayatbakhsh.,, MD,title=Effect of Aquatic Exercise training on fatigue and health related quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (2012). Physical Medicane and Rehabilitation. 93: 1701–1708. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
# Development Cooperation Handbook/Issues

⇒ The playlists on Youtube of the development cooperation issues
In the Vrinda Project, the team interviewed different stakeholders to understand who contributes to the Global Agenda for Development and what are the challenges of raising the required resources. See ⇒ the List of questions we have asked.
We collected the answers and compiled them in 10 main issues where we compared the aptitudes of stakeholders from different nations while assuming responsibility for global development and inter-cultural dialogue. Each issue was then included in one of the 8 episodes of the Documentary where we illustrate the work in progress for the achievement of the 8 MDGs and we propose the establishment of 2 new development cooperation goals. The discussion on the development cooperation issues is in progress and you are welcome to contribute.
In the main pages of the handbook we have defined the concepts, illustrate the work phases and shared the work tools. These are "authored" pages. Then we linked them to the "issues", where the testimonials give their different point of view. The manual pages define and enclose: the issue pages widens the scope and open the debate. The manual pages synthesize, the issue pages discuss. So we tried to generate a dynamic forward-backwards movement between questions and answers, thesis and antithesis, leaving the user to make the synthesis and make her/his own opinion.
Here, below are the issues and the indications of the Documentary episode related to each one of them.
Actors and Other Stakeholders - Who is "on board" and why?
Cooperation - How?
Communication - How?
* 9. Media and the international communication climate.
* 10. Sharing knowledge and resources - (Episode 7)
# Feng Shui/Xuan Kong Da Gua/Early Heaven Ba Gua
## Early Heaven Ba Gua

Early Heaven Arrangement of the eight trigrams (Ba Gua) :
| Dui ☱ SE 4 | Qian ☰ South 9 | Xun ☴ SW 2 |
| Li ☲ East 3 | | Kan ☵ West 7 |
| Zhen ☳ NE 8 | Kun ☷ North 1 | Gen ☶ NW 6 |
# Feng Shui/Xuan Kong Da Gua/Later Heaven Ba Gua
## Later Heaven Ba Gua

Later Heaven Arrangement of the eight trigrams (Ba Gua) :
| Xun ☴ SE 2 | Li ☲ South 1 | Kun ☷ SW 5 |
| Zhen ☳ East 3 | | Dui ☱ West 6 |
| Gen ☶ NE 4 | Kan ☵ North 8 | Qian ☰ NW 7 |
# Feng Shui/Xuan Kong Da Gua

Feng Shui | Flying Star | Geomantic Chart | Facing Palace | Facing Stars | Mountain Stars | Earth Base | 24 Mountains | Aquarium | Substitute Star | Xuan Kong Da Gua | Bazi & YiChing | Compass Location | 64 Hexagrams | River Map | 10-Combo | 1-Gua

## Introduction

Xuan Kong Da Gua (玄空大卦) is a method of Feng Shui that makes use of the 64 Hexagrams (六十四卦) of the I Ching. These hexagrams are arranged in one of the concentric circles of the Luopan.

## Relationship With Ba Zi And I Ching

Relationship With Ba Zi And I Ching

## Compass Location

Compass Location

## Binary Representation of the 64 Hexagrams

Binary Representation of the 64 Hexagrams

## Sitting and Facing Directions

* River Map Sitting and Facing Directions
* Ten-Combination Sitting and Facing Directions
* One-Gua Sitting and Facing Directions

## Early Heaven Ba Gua

Early Heaven Ba Gua

## Later Heaven Ba Gua

Later Heaven Ba Gua

## Periods of the Xuan Kong Fei Xing System

The Xuan Kong Fei Xing System (Flying Star) divides time periods into 20 years each, in an infinite cycle.

### Upper Cycle

* Period 1 : 1864-1883 (Kan Gua, Water)
* Period 2 : 1884-1903 (Kun Gua, Earth)
* Period 3 : 1904-1923 (Zhen Gua, Thunder)

### Middle Cycle

* Period 4 : 1924-1943 (Xun Gua, Wind)
* Period 5 : 1944-1963 (---)
* Period 6 : 1964-1983 (Qian Gua, Heaven)

### Lower Cycle

* Period 7 : 1984-2003 (Dui Gua, Lake)
* Period 8 : 2004-2023 (Gen Gua, Mountain)
* Period 9 : 2024-2043 (Li Gua, Fire)

## Periods of the Xuan Kong Da Gua System

The Xuan Kong Da Gua System (64 Hexagrams) also divides time periods in an infinite cycle. However, the length of each of the 8 cycles depends on the lines of the eight trigrams. Each broken line (Yin) represents 6 years, and each unbroken line (Yang) represents 9 years.
* Period 1 (18 years) : 1864-1881 ☷ (坤) Kūn (Earth)
* Period 2 (24 years) : 1882-1905 ☴ (巽) Xùn (Wind)
* Period 3 (24 years) : 1906-1929 ☲ (離) Lí (Flame or Fire)
* Period 4 (24 years) : 1930-1953 ☱ (兌) Duì (Lake or Marsh)
* Period 6 (21 years) : 1954-1974 ☶ (艮) Gèn (Mountain)
* Period 7 (21 years) : 1975-1995 ☵ (坎) Kǎn (Water)
* Period 8 (21 years) : 1996-2016 ☳ (震) Zhèn (Thunder)
* Period 9 (27 years) : 2017-2043 ☰ (乾) Qián (Heaven)

## References

* Joey Yap. Xuan Kong Da Gua - Structures Reference Book. JY Books Sdn Bhd. October 1, 2008. ISBN 9833332714.
* Abramovich, Boris and Oholiav, Zoahar. Master Level Xuan Kong Da Gua: A Practical Course. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 2011. ISBN 145647183X
# Expert Systems/Shells

The E.S shell simplifies the process of creating a knowledge base. It is the shell that actually processes the information entered by a user relates it to the concepts contained in the knowledge base and provides an assessment or solution for a particular problem. Thus E.S shell provides a layer between the user interface and the computer O.S to manage the input and output of the data. It also manipulates the information provided by the user in conjunction with the knowledge base to arrive at a particular conclusion.
# Expert Systems/What is Knowledge?
## Rules

Rules are structured as "if"/"then" rules as follows:
Here, X is known as the antecedent and Y is known as the consequent. The antecedent represents a series of requirements, and if those requirements are satisfied, then the actions in the consequent are performed.
# Extemporaneous Speaking/Speech Structure
## Structure of an Extemp Speech
### Introduction

College too expensive? Have kids? Or do you just not have the time?

#### Connection

There are many reasons why Americans today cannot fully complete or receive a college education.

#### Question

So are online degrees as good as on campus degrees?

#### Answer

Most certainly so, yes.

#### Preview your points

Because of convenience, cost, and the level of acceptance.

### Point 1 (Convience)
#### Present Evidence (stuff from the articles)

If you have a family to feed, and errands to do during some points in your average day, attend college on a campus would be impossible. - USN & WR

#### Tie evidence to point

This is amazing to the America as a whole! A working adult can obtain a college education online from home without interrupting those attendees who have a busy schedule and lifestyle.

#### Impact – why is this important?
### Point 2 (Cost)

Book costs have gone up 186% between 1986 and 2004. The average cost for a student buying all the textbooks needed for an on-campus education costs $900. Jason Turgeon, a Northeastern University student had to buy a textbook for $160. Overall he paid $500 for several textbooks for his classes. He is receiving an education via an on campus University. However, if young Jason attended an online University, he could go to textbookrevolution.org and download all his textbooks onto his computer or laptop FREE. As for cost of education, enrollment into an accredited online university costs $2540 less than on campus tuition.
An online education greatly reduces the cost for books and materials than that of an on campus education. You wouldn't need to go buy textbooks from a store for a total that could top $1000, you could just go to a legitimate and legal website and download the textbooks for free. Your tuition would be a low cost, and you wouldn't have to pay for room and board.

### Point 3 (Other nations are ineffective at creating a solution)

Just like pt. 1

### Conclusion
#### Question / Answer

Repeat them just like in the introduction (So, when answering the question, Will there ever be peace in the Middle East?, the answer is obviously no.)

#### Repeat Points

Just like the preview (Because the Israeli military is too aggressive, there is a lot of antisemitism in the region, and other nations are ineffective at creating a solution.)

#### Tie back to attention getter

Remind us once again of the opening of the speech and close it off. (So, the Middle East has become a lot like the playground at recess. Unfortunately, the kids at recess are a lot more likely to find a solution to their problems, and the Middle East is destined to be a conflict based more on hatred then disagreement.)

### Speech time

Maximum 7 minutes, shoot for 6:30
# Expert Systems/Refraction
## Refraction

Refraction is the act of preventing a rule from firing multiple times in succession. Without refraction, at each loop iteration the same rules can be added to the agenda repeatedly. This is because the same conditions are satisfied. To prevent a single rule from firing repeatedly, a refraction condition is implemented. There are many types of refraction rules.

## Refraction Rules
### Once Only

Some systems use a refraction condition that each rule may only be fired once. Once a rule has been fired, it may never be fired again until the system is reset.

### Intermittant Rules

In an intermittant rule refraction condition, a rule may never fire twice consecutively, and may not be added to the agenda again until a different rule fires first.

### Changing Antecedent

In a changing antecedent refraction condition, a rule may only fire if the attributes in the antecedent have changed.
# Expert Systems/Resources
## Wikimedia Resources
### Wikibooks

* Artificial Intelligence
* Logic
* Probability
* Computer Programming

### Wikipedia Articles
## External Sources

* Turing, Allen, Computing Machinery and Intellegence, Mind, 1959, p433-460.
* Minsky, Marvin, Why People Think Computers Can't, AI Magazine, Vol 3 No 4, Fall 1982.
* Kurzweil, Ray, The Singularity is Near, Penguin Books, 2005. ISBN 0143037889
Initial outline based in part on:
* Giarratano, Joseph C., Riley, Gary D., Expert Systems: Principals and Programming, Fourth Edition, Thomson Course Technology, 2005. ISBN 0534384471
# Expert Systems/The Agenda
## The Agenda

The agenda is a queue that contains all the rules whose conditions have been met and are capable of firing. The inference engine will examine the rules on the agenda, and determine which rules will be acted upon.

### Conflict

When there are 2 or more rules on the agenda, that is when there are several rules whose conditions have been met and are prepared to be fired. In these cases, the inference engine needs to decide which rules to fire, and which order to follow them in.

## Rule Order

There are many different ways that the inference engine can decide which rules to fire on the agenda, and in which order.

### First In, First Out

First in, first out (FIFO) means that rules are added to the agenda in the order which they appear in the knowledge base, and the inference engine fires rules in the same order in which they appear in the agenda.

### Precedence

In a precedence system, each rule is given a precedence value, and rules with the higher precedence are fired. The problem with these systems, is that there is a temptation for the programmer to assign precedence values in such a way as to duplicate a procedural program.
Manually scripting the exact order in which rules fire is generally a bad idea. Expert systems are far more robust when the knowledge engineer, instead, collects rules which are true no matter which order they are fired.

### Number of Antecedents

Rules which have more antecedents, and therefore have more requirements, are likely to be more accurate, and more likely to lead to a goal quickly. This is the kind of logic that leads to systems which fire rules based on the number of antecedents.
# Extemporaneous Speaking
## Contents

* Preface

### Introduction to extemporaneous speaking

* An Extemp Tournament Step by Step
* Speech Structure

### Speech in depth

* Introductions
* Unified Analysis
* Conclusions

### Advanced topics

* Tub Assembly/Use
* Topic Selection
* Using Your Prep Time
* Delivery
* Domestic versus Foreign

## Contributors

* Chase Nordengren
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral/Rhombus
## Rhombus

A rhombus is a parallelogram with four congruent sides.
    AB = BC = CD = DA
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral/Trapezoid

A Trapezoid (American English) or Trapezium (British English) is a quadrilateral that has two parallel sides and two non parallel sides.
Some properties of trapezoids:
* The interior angles sum to 360° as in any quadrilateral.
* The parallel sides are unequal.
* Each of the parallel sides is called a base (b) of the trapezoid. The two angles that join one base are called 'base angles'.
* If the two non-parallel sides are equal, the trapezoid is called an isosceles trapezoid.
** In an isosceles trapezoid, each pair of base angles are equal.
** If one pair of base angles of a trapezoid are equal, the trapezoid is isosceles.
* A line segment connecting the midpoints of the non-parallel sides is called the median (m) of the trapeziod.
** The median of a trapezoid is equal to one half the sum of the bases (called b$_1$ and b$_2$).
* A line segment perpendicular to the bases is called an altitude (h) of the trapezoid.
The area (A) of a trapezoid is equal to the product of an altitude and the median.
    $A=mh$
Recall though that the median is half of the sum of the bases.
    $m={\frac {1}{2}}(b_{1}+b_{2})$
Substituting for m, we get:
    $A={\frac {1}{2}}(b_{1}+b_{2})h$
# Geometry Course/Line/Parallel Lines
## Parallel Lines

In Euclidean Geometry, lines are parallel if they do not intersect. Remember that lines extend infinitely, if they are not parallel they will eventually intersect.
# Geometry Course/Line/Straight Line
## Straight Line

Straight Line is a line that can be drawn from any 2 points

## Straight Line Equations
### Straight Line through 2 points

If there are 2 points (x$_1$,y$_1$) and (x,y) a line can be drawn these two points with a slope
    $m={\frac {y-y_{1}}{x-x_{1}}}$
The equation of the line can be
    $y=y_{1}+m(x-x_{1})$

### Straight Line through point

From above if x$_1$ and y$_1$ equal zero then
    y = x
Equation of a straight line through point (0,0) that has a slope equal 1
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral
## Quadrilateral

A Quadrilateral is a polygon that has four sides and four angles with the total angles equal to 360°

## Special Quadrilaterals

* Parallelogram
* Rhombus
* Rectangle
* Square
* Trapezoid
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral/Parallelogram
## Parallelogram

A parallelogram is a geometric figure with two pairs of parallel sides. Parallelograms are a special type of quadrilateral. The opposite sides are equal in length and the opposite angles are also equal.
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral/Rectangle
## Rectangle

Rectangle is a Quadrilaterl that has two long sides parallel and congruent to each other and two short sides parallel and congruent to each other and the four equal angles equal to 90$^o$
    AD // = BC
    AB // = DC
    $\angle A=\angle B=\angle C=\angle D=90^{o}$

## Properties
### Perimeter

    P = AD + BC + AB + DC = 2x(a+b)

### Area

    $A=ab$
# Geometry Course/Line/Perpendicular Lines
## Perpendicular Lines

If there are two lines that intersect each other to form an angle of 90$^o$ they are said to be Perpendicular to each other
# Geometry Course/Polygon
## Polygon

A Polygon is a two-dimensional figure, meaning all of the lines in the figure are contained within one plane. They are classified by the number of angles, which is also the number of sides.

## Polygon Types

* Triangle
* Quadrilateral
# Geometry Course/Polygon/Quadrilateral/Square
### Square

A square is a polygon of four right angles and four parallel and congruent sides.
    AB = BC = CD = DA
    $\angle A=\angle B=\angle C=\angle C=90^{o}$

## Properties
### Perimeter

    P = Side + Side + Side + Side = 4 x Side

### Area

    A = Side x Side = Side$^2$
# Dichterliebe/Aus meinen Tränen sprießen
### Aus meinen Tränen sprießen

| Original German | English Translation |
| Aus meinen Tränen sprießen Viel blühende Blumen hervor, Und meine Seufzer werden Ein Nachtigallenchor. Und wenn du mich lieb hast, Kindchen, Schenk' ich dir die Blumen all', Und vor deinem Fenster soll klingen Das Lied der Nachtigall. | From my tears burst Many full-blown flowers, And my sighs become A nightingale chorus And if you love me, dear child, I will send you all flowers; And before your window should sound The song of the nightingale. |
# Dichterliebe/Hör' ich das Liedchen klingen
### Hör' ich das Liedchen klingen

| Original German | English Traslation |
| Hör' ich das Liedchen klingen, Das einst die Liebste sang, So will mir die Brust zerspringen Vor wildem Schmerzendrang. Es treibt mich ein dunkles Sehnen Hinauf zur Waldeshöh', Dort löst sich auf in Tränen Mein übergroßes Weh'. | Do I hear the small song sounding, That once my sweetheart sang? How my chest wants to shatter With the Wild urge of pain. It drives me, this dark pining Up to the forest height, There to dissolve into tears My overwhelming plight. |
# Dichterliebe/Die Rose, die Lilie, die Taube, die Sonne
### Die Rose, die Lilie, die Taube, die Sonne

| Original German | English Translation |
| Die Rose, die Lilie, die Taube, die Sonne, Die liebt' ich einst alle in Liebeswonne, Ich lieb' sie nicht mehr, ich liebe alleine Die Kleine, die Feine, die Reine, die Eine; Sie selber, aller Liebe Bronne, Ist Rose und Lilie und Taube und Sonne. | The rose, the lily, the dove, the sun- I once loved them all with ecstatic love. I love them no more, I love only the little one, the dainty one, the pure one, the One. She alone, the well-spring of all love, is rose and lily and dove and sun. |