OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Performance vs. Quality

| previous module: "Cheat the 3D" | • Table of Contents • Glossary | next module: "Modeling a Gingerbread Man" |

### Mesh

    Polygon Count - when you work with meshes in 3D, be aware that the memory usage in Blender with reference to meshes comes from the number of faces (or vertices) the mesh contains. That means that if you have many useless faces (such as 55 faces on the side of a mesh that are as flat as one face), the number of faces will directly affect the Render time of Images and Animations. Also remember that for smooth rounded meshes, you do not need an infinite number of faces to make it look really nice and smooth. You actually don't need that many faces to keep a smooth slope looking smooth when viewed from the side. The viewer's eye will not actually identify every flat face, but will trace it as a smooth curve.
    Face Structure - 4-side (quad) vs.3-side (tri) - Poly Count is very important when working in 3D graphics, and depending on the type of mesh you are making you could be wasting a vast number of faces because they are not the right structure. For example, if you want a smooth object, you can make it look mostly smooth when viewed from the side if you make it with well-structured 3-vertex faces. You will also yield the same results with fewer faces than if you use 4-vertex faces. Another example is that if you need to apply UVTexture, or have something to animate, a mesh being evenly deformed will yield a lower face-count if it is a 4-vertex versus a 3-vertex face-structure.
It is worth bearing in mind, however, that most graphics libraries deal exclusively with triangles. This means if you are planning to export your mesh to a game or other external 3D application, whether you use quads or triangles will make no difference as all quads will likely be converted into two triangles anyway.

### Lighting

    Using RayShadows or Buffer Shadows - There are a few options you have for using shadows. Ray Shadows use an advanced algorithm to trace the edge of any interfering objects and create a perfect shadow onto the receiving object(s); however, the Ray Shadow calculation is memory-intensive and can seriously slow down your Render-Time. Buffer Shadows, on the other hand, use a different algorithm for similar results. The difference is that buffer shadows use a bit-rate of shadow "pixels" that fill in the shadowing area. You can adjust the bit-rate to make the shadow higher or lower quality. This calculation is much more memory-friendly, and your Render-Time will not jump up as much as with Ray Shadows. An interesting topic because this will change with better hardware performance and eventually won't matter. Until we get into 3D.
| previous module: "Cheat the 3D" | • Table of Contents • Glossary | next module: "Modeling a Gingerbread Man" |
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Paths

It is fun putting a camera on a path and animating it through your scene. Just plop an old ordinary beizer curve into your scene and make it whatever shape you would like. Then put a camera in your scene and parent, CTRL+PKEY, it to the path. Select Follow Path from the menu that pops up. Then view your animation, ALT+AKEY. To set the number of frames it takes to get across the path, go to Editing (F9) panel for the path and set the number of frames in the PathLen, uh, thing with the arrows on the side and number in the middle.
Well, that should get you started. What I did for one scene, and what I recommend for all scenes, is to put an empty on another path and set the camera to TrackTo it via CTRL+TKEY TrackTo Constraint. It is tricky to get right but the results are rewarding.
# Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Part 1 - Particle System

| previous module: "Create an animated GIF wallpaper (Blender/GIMP)" | • Table of Contents • Glossary | next module: "Modeling a simple space-ship" |

## Start a new scene in Blender

* Delete the default cube.

## Prepare the individual particles

Go to layer 2 -
Add a UV Sphere with 8 segments and 6 rings(Go to the toolshelf and change the values)
Add a new material with any bright color. Change the emit value to 2 or higher -

### Duplication of the particles

Duplicate the sphere and move it nearby ( Shift + D ). Duplicate the material by clicking on the 'plus' button indicated in the picture below. Change the color to another bright color
Repeat this process until you are satisfied with the no. of spheres with different colours. Now create a group ( Ctrl + G ) Name it anything you like in the toolshelf ( T toggles the toolshelf).
Now you're ready to start creating the animation and particles!

## Defining the motion of the particles

Go back to layer 1.

### Creating the path for the particles to follow

If you haven't learnt about Bezier curves already, go ahead and do so now.
Add a bezier curve, and tab into edit mode. Now you have to model the path by extruding and subdividing the curve. The shape of the curve defines the path of the particles. After you are done with the curve, you can proceed to create the emission object.

### Creating the 'emitter' of the particles

Add a UV Sphere with 32 segments and 16 rings. This is going to be the emitter, i.e. the object that gives out those coloured spheres.
This is going to have a completely transparent material since hiding it hides the whole thing.
So go to material properties, add a new material. Scroll down to the Transparency panel, check it and change the alpha value to zero, making it completely transparent. Also change the specular intensity to zero. Leave everything else as such.

### Making the sphere follow the path

In this part, you are going to make the sphere follow the curve you had modeled earlier. Select the cube, and add a Follow Path Constraint. Select the target, i.e. the curve and click on Animate Path. All these steps speak for themselves, there's no need for me to explain. You could check follow curve, but since this is a sphere this is not needed. All it does is make the object face the direction it is moving towards.
As for the speed of the object, you can change it by -
* Select the curve.
* Go to Object properties -
* Scroll down to Path Animation panel.
* Change Path Animation Frames value to the no. of frames you want the animation to last. I prefer it to be 150.
In the end, make a few changes until you are satisfied with the result. Now you are ready to proceed to part 2.
| previous module: "Create an animated GIF wallpaper (Blender/GIMP)" | • Table of Contents • Glossary | next module: "Modeling a simple space-ship" |
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR ss. 230-234 - Stay of Removal Orders
## IRPR ss. 230-234

The text of the relevant sections of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations read:

## IRPR s. 231: Stay of removal — judicial review
### History of IRPR s. 231(1) and 231(2)

In 2009, prior to the amendments to the IRPA that are referred to as "refugee reform", the above provisions read as follows:

### IRPR s. 231(1): Subject to subsections (2) to (4), automatic stays are provided for judicial reviews of RAD decisions, but not RPD decisions

IRPR s. 231(1) provides that a removal order is stayed if the subject of the order makes an application for leave for judicial review with respect to a decision of the Refugee Appeal Division. Prior to the implementation of refugee reform, section 231 of the IRPR provided an automatic stay of removal when failed refugee claimants filed an application for leave and judicial review of a refugee claim rejected by the RPD, subject to certain exceptions and limitations (e.g. serious criminals and claims with no credible basis). On December 15, 2012, amendments to section 231 of the IRPR provided an automatic stay of removal to claimants with a claim rejected by the RAD, rather than by the RPD, when a refugee claimant seeks judicial review of his/her rejected claim. As a result of the amendment to section 231 of the IRPR, an automatic stay of removal is no longer available to a claimant who has applied for leave and judicial review of claims rejected by the RPD; rather, the automatic stay of removal is available to a claimant who has applied for leave and judicial review of claims rejected by the RAD, subject to certain exemptions and limitations.

## References

* ↑ Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations, SOR/2002-227
* ↑ Government of Canada, Canada Gazette, Vol. 148, No. 14 — July 2, 2014, SOR/2014-166 June 19, 2014, Regulations Amending the Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Amendment Consequential to the Economic Action Plan 2013 Act, No. 1), P.C. 2014-818 June 18, 2014, <https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2014/2014-07-02/html/sor-dors166-eng.html>.
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159.9 - Timelines
## IRPR s. 159.9

The text of the relevant section of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations reads:

## Commentary

For a discussion of the issues raised in the interpretation of this regulation, see the commentary for RPD Rule 54: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 54 - Changing the Date or Time of a Proceeding.

## References

* ↑ Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations, SOR/2002-227
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/Official Languages Act

Relevant provisions of the Official Languages Act read:

## Section 18: Language of civil proceedings where Her Majesty is a party
### Commentary

For commentary, see: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 31-43 - Documents#Ministerial obligations pursuant to Official Languages Act.

## Section 20: Decisions, orders and judgments
### Commentary

For commentary, see: Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 67-68 - Decisions#In what language or languages must written decisions be made available?

## References

* ↑ Official Languages Act, RSC 1985, c 31 (4th Supp), <https://canlii.ca/t/530sl>.
# Canadian Refugee Procedure/Privacy Act

Privacy is the default in the refugee status determination process in Canada. Within the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, this is provided for by s. 166 of the Act, which stipulates that, subject to exceptions, proceedings before the Refugee Protection Division must be held in the absence of the public. For more detail, see: Canadian Refugee Procedure/Section 166 - Proceedings must be held in the absence of the public. This provision also interacts with the separate federal Privacy Act, as noted below.

## Privacy Act

The Privacy Act provides Canadians, permanent residents, individuals physically present in Canada, and, as of July 2022, foreign nationals abroad with a right of access to their personal information held by the government. For more information, see: Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to an independent decision-maker#Access to information rights under the Privacy Act and Access to Information Act apply to files and recordings made of hearings.
The federal Privacy Act also places limitations on the ability of a government institution to use and disclose personal information under its control without the consent of the individual to whom it relates: Canadian Refugee Procedure/166 - Proceedings must be held in the absence of the public#The federal Privacy Act applies to information submitted to the Board.

## References

* ↑ Privacy Act, RSC 1985, c P-21, <https://canlii.ca/t/55583> retrieved on 2021-09-02.
* ↑ Canada Gazette, Part 2, Volume 155, Number 15: Privacy Act Extension Order, No. 3, <https://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2021/2021-07-21/html/sor-dors174-eng.html> (Accessed September 2, 2021).
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/DOC / RTF format
## How to prepare Word files before import

In many cases it is advisable to prepare Word files, in order to avoid a number of well-known problems. The following is a little check-list that can be used as a guideline. (This list is based on material from one of the excellent courses run by Judy Ann Schoen )
* Accept all changes and switch off track-changes mode.
* Delete all comments.
* Remove embedded graphics, logos, icons etc. from headers and footers.
* Delete graphics and text fields that are located close to the document edge.
* Remove inline graphics using the macro ImagesOutIn by Miri Ofek (available from the yahoogroups website of the dejavu-l list: )
* Watch out for spaces with different formatting than the rest of the text. They can lead to excessive codes in the DV project.
* Switch off the auto-recognition of the language.
* In severe cases, where the Word document won't import or export or when there is an excessive number of codes, try to save as RTF or open and save using OpenOffice.
* In hopeless cases, save the Word doc as plain text (*.txt) and apply the formatting manually (and cleanly) after translation.
* Switch off the syllable division.
* Remove nested groupings.
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/EBMT not working as expected

Added: Rob Laumen (14 Feb 2007)
Version: 7.0.284
System: Microsoft Windows XP SP2
Description: The EBMT feature of Auto-Assemble does not work as expected.
Reproduction: Can the issue be reproduced? Yes. Can it be reproduced on different systems? Yes.
Workaround: Is there a way to work around the issue? No.
Example 1:
Old sentence:
The version is displayed.{code}
Dutch translation of old sentence:
De versie wordt weergegeven.{code}
New sentence:
The version is displayed as follows. (the difference being no code at the end and "as follows" added)
Assembled result:
De versie wordt weergegeven.
Assemble produces a fuzzy match, correctly removes the code, but fails to insert the translation of "as follows" which is in the TDB.
Example 2:
Old sentence:
{code}Precautions When Disposing of the Device
Translation of old sentence:
{code}Voorzorgsmaatregelen wanneer u het apparaat afdankt
New sentence:
Requirements when disposing of the device{code}
Auto-Assemble now produces the following fuzzy match:
Voorzorgsmaatregelen wanneer u het apparaat afdankt{code}
Please note that both "requirements" and "precautions" are in the TDB (both with mutiple translations). So in theory EBMT should "repair" this fuzzy match, but the existence of several terminological alternatives (multiple exact match) may be preventing this(?).
Example 3:
Old sentence:
{code}Carefully guide the USB cable into the trench as shown below, following the trench around and toward the back of the machine.{code}
Translation of old sentence:
{code}Leid de USB-kabel voorzichtig door de goot zoals hieronder aangegeven naar de achterkant van de machine.{code}
New sentence:
{code}Carefully guide the network cable into the trench as shown below, following the trench around and toward the back of the machine.{code}
Auto-Assemble now produces the following fuzzy match:
{code}Leid de netwerk-kabel voorzichtig door de goot zoals hieronder aangegeven naar de achterkant van de machine.{code}
Please note that both "USB-kabel" and "netwerkkabel" are in the TDB. So in theory EBMT should "repair" this fuzzy match, yet the hyphen in one of the portions seems to be preventing this(?), i.e. it produces "netwerk-kabel" rather than "netwerkkabel".
Status:
Not read by Atril yet.
Comments from other users:
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/Focus lost after spell check

Added: --Jennyzonneveld 09:12, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
Version: 7.0.284
System: Microsoft Windows XP Home SP2
Description: After using the spell check and a spelling error was found the focus on the screen is lost. A mouse click is required to be able to use the keyboard again.
Reproduction: Can the issue be reproduced? Yes. Can it be reproduced on different systems? Yes.
Workaround: Extra mouse click
Status:
Not read by Atril yet.
Comments from other users:
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/Does DVX run on Mac or Linux too?
## Mac OS X

No DejaVu version runs natively under Mac OS X. You have to use either a virtual machine solution or an API layer. These are known - so far:
* Parallels (http://www.parallels.com/), virtual machine, known to work with Windows + DVX installed, good Mac integration. DejaVu Dongle works.
* CrossOver Office (http://www.codeweavers.com/), API layer, runs, has some issues to be solved before working as it should. Dongle doesn't work yet. Please see http://www.codeweavers.com/compatibility/browse/name?app_id=205 Feel free to contribute!

## Linux

No DejaVu version runs natively under Linux. You have to use either a virtual machine solution or an API layer. These are known - so far:
* CrossOver Office (http://www.codeweavers.com/), API layer, has some issues to be solved before working as it should. Dongle doesn't work yet. Please see http://www.codeweavers.com/compatibility/browse/name?app_id=205 Feel free to contribute!

## Unix

So far, nobody seems to have tested running DejaVu on any Unix system, but with CrossOver available for both Mac OS X, Linux and Solaris, and Mac OS X being built on BSD, it might work (e. g. with Parallels). Possibly even via thin client, which may however run into dongle issues.

## Notes on technology

* Virtual machine: You install Windows into a virtual machine, which is software that behaves to Windows as if it were PC hardware. Any other software you want to run is installed "as usual" in that Windows system. The current development goes towards making the operating systems aware of being run in a virtual machine, which might enhance performance and get rid of some hardware access problems, like e. g. dongle handling.
* API layer: Presents the software you want to run with the interface towards the operating system it was made for and expects, in this case Windows. The other side of the interface is in this case connected to Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris UNIX etc., rather than leading to Windows. This approach rids you of having to use Windows altogether, and of introducing an additional layer for the virtual machine. Unfortunately, it instead introduces problems for software that wants direct hardware access, most notably for the dongle - so far.
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/Does DVX support voice recognition input?

DVX is fully compatible with Dragon Naturally Speaking, which works like a breeze. In some long and/or highly formatted documents, Dragon Naturally Speaking is actually faster and more stable within DVX than within Word itself.
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/Dongle not detected

Added: Unknown
Reported by: Unknown user.
Version: Unknown
System: Unknown
Description: The USB dongle is not detected by Déjà Vu, even though it is plugged in the computer.
Reproduction: Can the issue be reproduced? Can it be reproduced on different systems? This is very important to establish a pattern.
Workaround:
* Disconnect your dongle.
* Click on the menu option Start->Run, and in the ensuing textbox type: "C:\Program Files\ATRIL\Deja Vu X\Dongle\setupdrv.exe" /u +
* Reboot.
* Download the dongle driver installer from here.
* Extract the installer, and copy it to this folder: "C:\Program Files\ATRIL\Deja Vu X\Dongle\" +
* Install the drivers. To do so, open Start menu, click on Run and enter and execute the following line for USB dongle:
** "C:\Program Files\ATRIL\Deja Vu X\Dongle\setupdrv.exe" +
** Or this line for a parallel port dongle: "C:\Program Files\ATRIL\Deja Vu X\Dongle\setupdrv.exe" /par +
* Reboot again.
* Connect your dongle.
* The New Hardware Wizard will appear as soon as Windows detects the dongle. Follow it instructions, and, when this is done, the dongle drivers will be installed.
+ In the case of DV3, the path to the installer will be "C:\Program Files\DejaVu\Setupdrv.exe".
If Déjà Vu continues to run in demo mode, run ddlook.exe (located in your Déjà Vu folder) and send to support@atril.com what this program reports, including any extended error messages.
Status:
Cannot be solved directly by Atril Software. Atril Software will need to contact third party dongle driver.
Comments from other users:
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/Duplicate rows not suppressed

Version: 7.0.284
System: Microsoft Windows XP SP2
Description: When exporting to External View with Suppress duplicate rows option checked, duplicate rows are not suppressed (even when a wordcount with the Count duplicate rows option checked had been performed before).
Reproduction: To be checked.
Workaround: Not available AFAIK.
# CAT-Tools/DéjàVu X/FLA format
## Introduction

FLA is a proprietary software vector graphics file format produced by the Macromedia Flash software from Adobe Systems (formerly Macromedia). FLA files can contain animations or applets of varying degrees of interactivity and function. FLA is also sometimes used for creating animated display graphics and menus for DVD movies, and television commercials.
The Flash program produces SWF files as a compressed and uneditable final product, whereas it uses the .fla format for its editable working files. (Source: Wikipedia)

## Handling FLA files in DVX

If you got here, you probably did not get the texts for your Flash animation handed in Word. Instead the client gave you a FLA file, which means that the client wants you to act both as a translator and a web designer. It is important that you realize this.
To open FLA files, you will need Macromedia Flash, which comes at a price. The only way to process the texts in DVX is old-fashioned copy and paste.
For a good localization you will need Macromedia Flash anyway, as you will need to resize some of the text boxes to keep the lay-out nice and tight (think Microsoft PowerPoint). For this, you will also need the actual fonts (the price of which can range from several dozens to several thousands of dollars). Which fonts you need depends on the fonts defined in the FLA file. If the used fonts cannot be traced or are too expensive to buy, consult the client about alternative (cheaper) fonts. You could for example opt for Univers if you can't find Lucida Grande (Wikipedia has great information about font families and look-a-likes). Also, some software packages, like CorelDraw, offer many professional fonts for free.
If you want to start localizing FLA files professionally, you should prepare yourself for an extra investment of about 700 USD (for Macromedia Flash, excluding fonts). Be prepared to charge at least 150% of your normal rate, as localizing FLA files is a lot of work, no matter which tools you use.
# Canadian Criminal Procedure and Practice/Waiver of Charter Rights
## General Principles

The waiver of any Charter right must be done clearly and unequivocally with full knowledge of the scope of the right and effect of the waiver.
It is necessary for the Crown to prove waiver of an accused right under s.8.
An express or implied invitation, such as at the attendance of police at the door of a residence or being invited into the house, results in the waiving of privacy.
* ↑ R v Korponay v Attorney General of Canada, [1992] 1 SCR 41 at p. 49 ("the validity of such a waiver, and I should add that that is so of any waiver, is dependent upon it being clear and unequivocal that the person is waiving the procedural safeguard and is doing so with full knowledge of the rights the procedure was enacted to protect and of the effect the waiver will have on those rights in the process.")
* ↑ See: R. v. Neilson 1988 CanLII 213 , (1988), 43 C.C.C. (3d) 548 (SKCA)
* ↑ See R v Evans [1996] 1 SCR 8 at 12-13 implied invitation R v Roy, 2010 BCCA 448 express invitation

## See Also

* Consent Search