# Snakes of Europe/Species

Family: Typhlopidae (Blind snakes) Genus: Typhlops
      * Worm Snake Typhlops vermicularis (south-eastern Europe, Cyprus, across to Afghanistan)
Family: Boidae, (Boas, Anacondas)
Genus: Eryx
      * Javelin Sand Boa Eryx jaculus (south-eastern Europe, the Caucasus, the Middle East, and Africa)
Family: Colubridae (Colubrids)
    Subfamily: Colubrinae
      * Western Whip Snake Coluber viridiflavus (south-western Europe, Italy, Switzerland and Slovenia)
      * Caspian WhipSnake Coluber caspius (south-eastern Europe, Turkey)
      * Large Whip Snake Dolichophis jugularis (south-eastern Europe)
      * Red-Bellied Racer Dolichophis schmidti (Russia, Turkey, Georgia)
      * Horseshoe Whip Snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis(Italy, Iberian Peninsula)
      * Spotted Whip Snake Hemorrhois ravergieri (Greece, Turkey, Georgia)
      * Algerian Whip Snake Hemorrhois algirus (Malta)
      * Coin Snake, Hemorrhois nummifer (has been mentioned from European Turkey but actual presence in Europe remains unconfirmed and demands substantiation)
      * Red Whip Snake Platyceps collaris (Bulgaria, Turkey)
      * Dahl's Whip Snake Platyceps najadum (south-eastern Europe)
      * Balkan Whip Snake Hierophis gemonensis (south-eastern Europe)
      * Cyprus Whip Snake Hierophis cypriensis (Cyprus, Greece, Turkey)
      * Asia Minor Dwarf Racer Eirenis modestus (Greece, Russia, Turkey, Georgia)
      * Collared Dwarf Racer Eirenis collaris (Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia)
      * Four-lined Snake Elaphe quatuorlineata (south-eastern Europe)
      * Blotched Snake Elaphe sauromates (eastern and south-eastern Europe)
      * Steppes RatSnakes Elaphe dione (Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Kazakhstan)
      * Transcaucasian Rat Snake Elaphe hohenackeri (Russia, Georgia, Turkey)
      * Ladder Snake Rhinechis scalaris (Iberian Peninsula, France, Italy)
      * Leopard Snake Zamenis situla (southern Europe)
      * Aesculapian Snake Zamenis longissimus
      * Italian Aesculapian Snake Zamenis lineatus (Italy)
      * Smooth Snake Coronella austriaca
      * Southern Smooth Snake Coronella girondica (Iberian Peninsula, France, Italy)
      * European Cat Snake Telescopus fallax (south-eastern Europe)
    Subfamily: Psammophiinae
      * Montpellier Snake Malpolon monspessulanus (southern Europe)
    Subfamily: Natricinae
      * Viperine Water Snake Natrix maura
      * Grass Snake Natrix natrix (ssp. cetti, schweizeri)
      * Dice Snake Natrix tessellata
      * Large-headed Water Snake Natrix megalocephala (Russia, Turkey, Georgia)
    Subfamily: Boodontinae
      * False Smooth Snake Macroprotodon brevis (Iberian peninsula)
      * False Smooth Snake Macroprotodon cucullatus (Iberian peninsula)
Family: Viperidae
      * Caucasus Viper Vipera kaznakovi (Russia, Georgia, Turkey)
      * Orsini's Viper, Meadow Viper Vipera ursinii (ssp. moldavica, ssp. rakosiensis (south-eastern France, central Italy, west Balkans, northern Greece, Hungary, Romania)
      * European Adder Vipera berus
      * Seoane's Viper Vipera seoanei (Iberia)
      * Asp Viper Vipera aspis (south-western Europe, Italy and Switzerland)
      * Lataste's Viper Vipera latastei (Iberia)
      * Nose-horned Viper Vipera ammodytes (south-eastern Europe, Hungary and Austria)
      * Ottoman Viper Vipera xanthina (Aegean Greece, Turkey)
      * Nikolsky's Adder Vipera nikolskii (Ukraine)
      * Meadow Viper Vipera renardi (Russia)
      * Magnificent Viper Vipera magnifica (Russia)
      * Orlov's Viper Vipera orlovi (Russia)
      * Lotiev's Viper Vipera lotievi (Russia, Georgia)
      * Caucasus Subalpine Viper Vipera dinniki (Russia, Georgia)
      * Milos Viper Macrovipera schweizeri (Islands of Milos, Kimolos, Polyaigos, Sifnos in Aegean Greece)
      * Blunt-nosed Viper Macrovipera lebetina (southern Russia, Cyprus, Turkey)
      * Halys Pit Viper Gloydius halys (Russia, Kazakhstan)