# Old English/Phrases

Introduction: Introduction - Grammar - Orthography - I-mutation Grammar: Nouns - Pronouns - Articles - Adjectives - Numbers - Verbs - Participles - Adverbs - Conjunctions - Prepositions - Interjections - Appositives - Word Formation -
Note that italics are used in Old English words to indicate that a word is a new word, not attested in historical Old English. Some expressions have several forms, separated by a semicolon (;). If an expression has two forms, the second one is said to several people rather than just one.

## Greetings and introduction
### Hello!

    Ƿes hāl! - Ƿesað hāle (possibly Anglian);: Bēo ġesund - Bēoð ġesunde (West Saxon)

### How are you doing?

    Hū meaht þū? - Hū magon ġē?;: Hū eart þū? - Hū sindon ġē?

### I'm well.

    Iċ mæg ƿel; Iċ eom hāl; Iċ eom ġesund

### What is your name?

    Hƿæt is þīn nama? Hū hāttest þū?; Hƿæt hāttest þū?

### My name is ______.

    Iċ hātte ______.; Mīn nama is ______.

### This (a man / a woman) is...

    Þes/Þēos is...

### I'll introduce him/her to you

    Iċ tǣċe hine/hīe þē

### Goodbye (said by departing person)

    Often the same as the above translations of "Hello!".

### Goodbye (said by the person remaining)

    Far ġesund (to one person); Farað ġesunde (to multiple)
Note that greeting by time of day, e.g. "good morning", are not idiomatic or normal in Old English. There is no need to use them - use the equivalent of "hello" instead. If, for whatever reason, you insist on using them anyway, you may use the following:

### Good morning

    Hafa gōdne morgen - Habbað gōdne morgen

### Good day

    Hafa gōdne dæg - Habbað gōdne morgen

### Good evening

    Hafa gōdne ǣfen - Habbað gōdne ǣfen

### Good night

    Hafa gōde nihte - Habbað gōde nihte
Such a greeting is recording in very early Middle English, but not Old English. If you include the "hafa/habbað", then the greeting is at least sensical and grammatical if not idiomatic; but if the "hafa/habbað" is omitted, it is a slavish imitation of Modern German.

## Etiquette

Note that it is likely that Old English speakers had somewhat different etiquette sensibilities than MnE speakers.

### Please

    Iċ bidde þē - Iċ bidde ēoƿ

### Thank you

    Iċ þanciġe þē - Iċ þanciġe ēoƿ

### Yes

    Ġēa

### No

    Nese

### I'm sorry

    Mē ofþyncþ; Belāda mē - Belādiað mē

## Communication
### Do you speak Old English?

    Spricst þū Englisċ? - Sprecaþ ġē Englisċ?

### I don't speak Old English

    Iċ ne sprece Englisċ

### Does anyone here speak Old English?

    Spricþ hēr ǣniġ mann Englisċ?

### I don't understand

    Iċ ne understande

### What does ... mean?

    Hƿæt mǣnð ...?

### How do I say... (in Old English)?

    Hū seċġe iċ... (on Englisċ)?

### Say it in Modern English

    Sæġe þæt on Nīƿenglisċ - Seċġaþ þæt on Nīƿenglisċ

### Say it again

    Sæġe þæt eft - Seċġaþ þæt eft

### Speak more slowly

    Sprec þu slāƿor - Sprecaþ ġe slāƿor

### I don't know that word

    Iċ nāt þæt ƿord

### Please, explain to me...

    Iċ bidde þē, āreċe mē...

### What did he/she say?

    Hƿæt sǣde hē/hēo?

## Food and drink
### I'm hungry

    Mē hyngreð

### I'm thirsty

    Mē þyrst

### What's there to eat?

    Hƿæt is tō etenne?

### What's there to drink?

    Hƿæt is tō drincenne?

### There's still some bread/wine/water/milk

    Hlāfes/ƿīnes/ƿæteres/meolċe/æpp ġīt belīft

### Would you like an apple/beer/bread/water/milk/beer/wine?

    Ƿilt þū/ġe æppel/bēores/hlāfes/ƿæteres/meolċe/ƿīnes?

## Religion
### I believe in God

    Iċ ġelīfe on gode

### I am Christian

    Iċ eom crīsten (a man)/Iċ eom crīstnu (a woman)

### I am Germanic pagan

    Iċ eom (germanisċ) hǣðen (of a man)/Iċ eom (germanisċ) hǣðnu (of a woman)

### I am not a monotheist

    Iċ eom hǣðen/Iċ ne ġelīfe on ānum gode.
Note: "hǣðen" in OE had adopted quite medieval Christian sensibilities of use, and could probably be used for everyone who was not a monotheist, including atheists, polytheists, and so forth. However, perhaps, Germanic pagans were the most obvious examples of "pagans" in the medieval Germanic Christian mindselt.

### I am Muslim

    Iċ eom muslim

### I am Buddhist

    Iċ eom budden (of a man)/Iċ eom buddnu (of a woman)

### I am Hindu

    Iċ eom indisċ hǣðen (of a man)/Iċ eom indisċ hǣðnu (of a woman)
Note: While "indisċ hǣðen" would likely be very easy for a native Old English speaker to understand, Hindus may prefer a new word like "hinden (man)/hindnu (woman)" to the historically Christianified sense of "hǣðen"

### I am Jewish

    Iċ eom iudēisċ

### I don't believe in gods

    Iċ ne ġelīfe on godum

### I am godless

    Iċ eom godlēas

### I don't know whether a god exists (or not)

    Iċ nāt hƿæðer god sī (þe nā)

### I believe in spirits

    Iċ ġelīfe on gāstum

### I believe in something

    Iċ ġelīfe on hƿǣm

### I believe in an afterlife

    Iċ ġelīfe on æfterlīfe/Iċ ġelīfe on līfe æfter dēaðe

### I believe in human virtue

    Iċ ġelīfe on manncystum

### I am secularist

    Iċ ne ġeþafie þæt ġelēafan habben ġeƿeald (literally, "I don't support faiths having (political) power")

### I don't observe religion

    Iċ ne begange nānne ġelēafan

### I'm New Age

    Iċ eom nīƿyldisċ hǣðen (of a man)/Iċ eom nīƿyldisċ hǣðnu (of a woman)