OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A-level Computing/AQA/Paper 2/Fundamentals of databases/Structured Query Language (SQL)
## Specification

* Specification coverage
* 3.10.4 Structured query language (SQL)
* 3.10.5 Client-server databases

## Introduction

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a specialised programming language that is used for managing relational databases. Its functions allow users to define tables, insert, update and delete data and to carry out queries on data to produce and output subsets of the main data. In common with other programming languages, SQL works by typing lines of code.
* Reserved words
* When you are writing SQL you might get some unexpected errors, where a query fails to run when it doesn't appear to have any problem with it. This may be due to using a reserved word in your query. SQL has a lot of reserved words, words that have special meanings, and if you use one of these in a query it won't treat it as a field name. For example:
* SELECT Username, Password FROM tblUsers
* This might bring up an error as Password is a reserved word in SQL, meaning you can't use it as an attribute name. To get by this problem you might want to change your fieldnames to something a little more sensible or put the fieldname in square brackets:
* SELECT Username, [Password] FROM tblUsers
* There are many other reserved words out there, so be careful:
* PERCENT, PLAN, PRECISION, EXISTS, PRIMARY, PRINT, PUBLIC,
* BACKUP, FOREIGN, READ,FREETEXT, FROM, REFERENCES, BULK,
* FULL, RESTORE, GROUP, IDENTITY, RULE, SAVE, INDEX, SELECT,
* STATISTICS, KEY, TABLE, NATIONAL, DATABASE, UNION, DELETE,
* DISK, ON, USER, PASSWORD
* Different databases have different sets of reserved words, you can find a good list here
* Note: If you are not using a SQL server (for example, using MySQL with PHP) you may need to use `backticks` instead of square bracket notation.
# AI Art Generation Handbook/How to install Stable Diffusion/Invoke.AI
## Steps to Install Invoke.AI

(1) Ensure your PC meet the basic requirements at main page
(2) Download Python 3.10.10 ← Link here
(3) During the first page of installation wizard, remember to check Add Python 3.10 To PATH
(4) Proceed the rest of installation as per usual
(5) Download and installed Microsoft Visual C++ library here : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/windows/latest-supported-vc-redist?view=msvc-170
(5) Go create a folder at your desired locations (Make sure that you have access privilege)
(6) Go to the Github here and download latest versions here : https://github.com/invoke-ai/InvokeAI/files/12488645/InvokeAI-installer-v3.1.0.zip
(7) Unzip the zip files
(8) Double-click a .reg files named WinLongPathsEnabled.reg
(9) !Warning! Pay close attention the directory where the Invoke.AI will be installed
(10) Select the options of type of GPU that you had installed on the system
(11) Select models to be downloaded
(12) Proceed and wait for all models to be downloaded successfully
# AI Art Generation Handbook/How to install Stable Diffusion/Auto1111
## Steps to Install Automatic1111 for (Updated July 2023)

(1) Ensure your PC meet the basic requirements
(2) Download Python 3.10.10 ← Link here
(3) During the first page of installation wizard, remember to check Add Python 3.10 To PATH
(4) Proceed the rest of installation as per usual
(5) Download Git Version Control ← Link here
(6) Install using the default settings
(7) Go create a folder at your desired locations (Make sure that you have access privilege)
(8) At the address bar, type cmd
(9) At Command Shell window shall prompt and type git clone https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui
(10) Wait for few minutes for it download the Auto1111 files
(11) Click webui-user.bat inside the installed stable-diffusion-webui directory
(12) Wait up to half an hour for it to finished download and install the required libraries , files and SD 1.5 model.
(13)It should shows similar screen upon successful installations

### *New* SDXL 1.0 related instructions

(14) Click to download both of the models your_installed_directory\stable-diffusion-webui\models\Stable-diffusion
SDXL 1.0 Model Base (Used for text2img) ( Note: Click next to sd_xl_refiner_1.0.safetensors )
SDXL 1.0 Refiner Base (Used for img2img) ( Note: Click next to sd_xl_base_1.0.safetensors )
(15) Download the VAE models
SDXL1.0 VAE (Note: Click next to sdxl_vae.safetensors )
(16) Enable VAE toolbar in Webui
** Optional
(16) Once finished installation, you can customized the launcher as followed.
C:\Yout_Installed_Locations\StableDiffusion\stable-diffusion-webui\webui-user.bat
# AI Art Generation Handbook/How to install Stable Diffusion/ComfyUI
## Steps to Install ComfyUI

(1) Ensure your PC meet the basic requirements at main page
(2) Download Python 3.10.10 ← Link here
(3) During the first page of installation wizard, remember to check Add Python 3.10 To PATH
(4) Proceed the rest of installation as per usual
(5) Go create a folder at your desired locations (Make sure that you have access privilege)
(6) Download the ComfyUI from this locations : https://github.com/comfyanonymous/ComfyUI/releases/download/latest/ComfyUI_windows_portable_nvidia_cu118_or_cpu.7z
(7) Use the compression file tools (Recommended 7-Zip: Download here )
(8) Extract the 7z files into your desired file locations at Step (5)
(9) Go to this location: Your_installed_location\ComfyUI\ComfyUI_windows_portable and double-click on run_nvidia_gpu.bat (If you have Nvidia GPU) or run_cpu.bat if don't
(10) The web browser should be opened and show something similar as followed.

## Steps to install ComfyUI Manager

(1) Download the ComfyUI manager from Github : https://github.com/ltdrdata/ComfyUI-Manager
(2) Go to Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/custom_nodes and type cmd in the address bar
(3) Paste this command into cmd terminal: git clone https://github.com/ltdrdata/ComfyUI-Manager.git
(4) Restart ComfyUI
(5) You should see "Manager" button under Reset View after installing
# AI Art Generation Handbook/How to install Stable Diffusion/Forge

(1) Ensure your PC meet the basic requirements at main page
(2) Download Python 3.10.12 ← Link here
(3) During the first page of installation wizard, remember to check Add Python 3.10 To PATH
(4) Proceed the rest of installation as per usual
(5) Go create a folder at your desired locations (Make sure that you have access privilege)
(6) Download Forge from this location : https://github.com/lllyasviel/stable-diffusion-webui-forge/releases/download/latest/webui_forge_cu121_torch231.7z or
use GitHub command : git clone https://github.com/lllyasviel/stable-diffusion-webui-forge/releases/download/latest/webui_forge_cu121_torch231.7z
(7) Use the compression file tools (Recommended 7-Zip: Download here )
(8) Extract the 7z files into your desired file locations at Step (5)
(9) Go to this location: Your_installed_location\Forge\update.bat to update the Forge to the latest editions
# AI Art Generation Handbook/IPAdapter

IP Adapter (Image Prompt Adapter) is Stable Diffusion extension for using images as prompts. They functions as to copy the style, composition, or a face from the reference image.
It is pioneered by Tencent (WeChat developer) AI Lab as a way to achieve image prompt capability for the pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models.
Here are some of the Local UI that already utilizes the IP Adapter

## References

[1] https://github.com/tencent-ailab/IP-Adapter
# AI Art Generation Handbook/How to install Stable Diffusion/SD.Next
## Steps for SD.Next Installation for   (Updated August 2023)

(1) Ensure your PC meet the basic requirements
(2) Download Python 3.10.10 ← Link here
(3) During the first page of installation wizard, remember to check Add Python 3.10 To PATH
(4) Proceed the rest of installation as per usual
(5) Download Git Version Control ← Link here
(6) Install using the default settings
(7) Go create a folder at your desired locations (Make sure that you have access privilege)
(8) At the address bar, type cmd
(9) At Command Shell window shall prompt and type git clone https://github.com/vladmandic/automatic
(10) Wait a moment for git to clone the whole folders
(11) Go inside the folders , and search for webui.bat
(12) Wait for a while to download the whole modules
(13) When asked Download default model (y/n) ? Press y if you do not have models (Model 1.5 not SDXL) available or n to download your preferred SD Models from huggingface/Civitai.
(14) You should see this screen below once finished.
Optional
Download improved VAE to lower down VRAM requirements : https://huggingface.co/madebyollin/sdxl-vae-fp16-fix/blob/main/sdxl_vae.safetensors
Additional Steps to Integrate SDXL into SD.Next (See screenshot for more clarifications )
(15a) In the main tab , click on Settings top tab
(15b) Click User Interface at the right side ,
(15c) Scroll down to the Quicksettings list .
(15d) Add in by typing
sd_model_checkpoint , sd_model_refiner , diffuser pipeline and sd_backend .
Note: For SDXL, recommended to go here to download the Refiner models: https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-xl-refiner-1.0
(15e) Scroll back to top to click on Apply Settings .
(15f) Click Restart Server button . (But highly suggest to close all of terminal windows ) and re-click webui.bat
(15g) Once clicked, you should be re-directed back to the main page .
# AI Art Generation Handbook/IPAdapter/ComfyUI

Note: We are focusing more on IPAdapter for SDXL models here:
GO to Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/custom_nodes/ and on the address bar , type cmd and inside terminal , type git clone https://github.com/cubiq/ComfyUI_IPAdapter_plus
Go to the official huggingface SDXL to download the IP Adaptor Encoder (clip_vision) first at link below :
https://huggingface.co/h94/IP-Adapter/tree/main/sdxl_models/image_encoder
You should find a model clip_vision file named: model.safetensors and download it to directory Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/models/clip_vision and renamed it exactly to CLIP-ViT-bigG-14-laion2B-39B-b160k.safetensors
Go back up one level https://huggingface.co/h94/IP-Adapter/tree/main/sdxl_models and download all the models with .safertensors and .bins file type into this directory Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/models/ipadapter (Create folder ipadapter if not present)
It should be:
1) ip-adapter-plus-face_sdxl_vit-h.safetensors
2) ip-adapter-plus_sdxl_vit-h.safetensors
3) ip-adapter_sdxl.safetensors
4) ip-adapter_sdxl_vit-h.safetensors
For the Unified Loader to works, the .bins files (Take note of FaceID not Plus version) are also needed to be downloaded from here
https://huggingface.co/h94/IP-Adapter-FaceID/tree/main
into this directory Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/models/ipadapter
5) ip-adapter-faceid-portrait_sdxl.bin
6) ip-adapter-faceid_sdxl.bin
7) ip-adapter-faceid-plusv2_sdxl.bin
8) ip-adapter-faceid-portrait_sdxl_unnorm.bin
Finally, we need to download the Lora for the FaceID to work
Your_Installed_Directory/ComfyUI/models/loras
9) ip-adapter-faceid_sdxl_lora.safetensors
10) ip-adapter-faceid-plusv2_sdxl_lora.safetensors

## References

[1] https://github.com/cubiq/ComfyUI_IPAdapter_plus
# AI Art Generation Handbook/Inpainting

In-painting is an feature that allows user to modify/remove any unwanted features .
Here is how to use in-painting
For example, we can see the the images below show the rhino businessman is screaming at tanking stock prices but there are no images that shows dreaded downline of stock ticker, we shall add one
(1) At bottom of pics, click on Eraser like logo
(2) On the right side pane, you can adjust the size of eraser (Below is smaller size , top is bigger size)
(3) Erase the images that you wanted to see changes (In this case , we erase most of the background photo
(4) Type out the prompt to describe the whole pictures instead of erased part for AI better understanding (In this example: a red zig zag arrow going downwards behind the Javan rhino businessman)
(5) Click Generate
(6) View the results as below
| BEFORE | AFTER |
# Australian Contract Law

The purpose of this book is to provide students with an open-source, freely available reference for the study of Contract Law in Australian jurisdictions. The book should provide an analytical framework for approaching real life problems which raise contract law issues. Rather than being a general reference, this book should offer students and practitioners with a practical guide to apply the law of Contracts in a straight-forward way.
About The Book What Is Wikibooks Setting Up A User Account Discussion and Consensus Policy and Guidelines Agreement: Offer & Acceptance
How To Edit A Wikibook Wiki-Markup Cleanup and Maintenance Advanced Techniques Adding Images to Pages Intention Consideration Parties Privity
Express Terms Executed Contracts The Right to Terminate The Measure of Damages Liquidated Damages and Penalties Action for Debt Frustration
Misleading and Deceptive Conduct Economic Duress Undue Influence Unconscionable Dealig Impropriety by 3rd Parties Remedies for vitiating factors
# Australian Contract Law/Agreement: Offer & Acceptance
## Agreement

For a contract to be found to be valid, there must be an agreement in place. A valid agreement has two parts: an offer and an acceptance.

### Offer

An offer is 'an expression to another of a willingness to be bound on stated terms'.
# Australian Curriculum Mathematics

This wikibook for Australian Curriculum Mathematics was freshly started on 5 October 2015.
Please consider making a contribution.
Current priorities are:
* Grade 10A
* Mathematical Methods, especially Functions and Graphs
* Establishing a consistent style

## Preface

* Scope of this wikibook
* What is the Australian Curriculum?
* Why get involved?
* How to get involved?
* Before contributing

## Courses

* Foundation
* Grade 1
* Grade 2
* Grade 3
* Grade 4
* Grade 5
* Grade 6
* Grade 7
* Grade 8
* Grade 9
* Grade 10
* Grade 10A
* Essential Mathematics
* General Mathematics
* Mathematical Methods
* Specialist Mathematics
Technology
* Spreadsheets
* Geogebra

## Resources

* Glossary
* Style Guide
* Resources
* Licensing
# CAT-Tools/Okapi Framework/Wishlist
## Olifant Wishlist:
### GUI

* Add feature requests here.
* And here, etc.

### Import/Export

* X
* y
# CAT-Tools/OmegaT

* User manual
* Installation manual for Debian GNU/Linux
* FAQ
* Wishlist
* Plain English explanation: OmegaT @ Wikipedia
* Websites: OmegaT
* Sources: Sourceforge for OmegaT
# CAT-Tools/Okapi Framework

* Rainbow
* CheckMate
* Ratel
* Tikal
* Filters Plugin for OmegaT
* Longhorn
* Olifant

## Wish list

Okapi Framework wish list: what users want to be implemented. Please add your request and your name.
# CAT-Tools/OmegaT/User manual

Table of Contents - Next: /Introduction

## OmegaT: Users Manual (Version 1.4.6)
### Preliminaries

   * Introduction
   * System Requirements
   * Installation and Configuration
   * Important Notes

### First Steps

   * Instant Start tutorial
   * Sample Project
   * User Interface
   * Segmentation
   * Translation Process

### Further Steps

   * Editing Functions
   * Text Navigation
   * Translation: Save, Revision, and Compilation
   * Matches: Full and Fuzzy
   * Searches: Keyword and Exact
   * Glossary

### Files and Projects

   * Source Document Files
   * OpenDocument, OpenOffice.org and StarOffice Files
   * Translation Memory and Glossary Files
   * Tagged (Formatted) Files Text Editing
   * File Filters
   * Project Files and Directories

### Appendix

   * General Hints and Tips
   * Keyboard Shortcuts
   * Language Character Sets and Fonts

### New in version 1.4.5 and 1.4.6 (the two being pretty close in time)

   * Massive rewrite of HTML and XHTML file filters, providing you a rock-solid HTML/XHTML translation experience.
   * User configurable file filters for advanced control of source to target (translated) file encodings and naming conversion.
   * Split pane in Match and Glossary Viewer that allows for adjustable resizing via dragging or clicking with the mouse.
   * Menubar and menu changes. Some renaming and rearrangement for better use. Help menu includes access to a new About dialog as well as the Users Manual.
   * Improved user interface text strings throughout.
   * Log file for tracking operations and errors.
   * Japanese help and user interface localization.
   * Users manual has been completely revised and updated. New section on File Filters added.
   * Localization TMX availability to aid in the user manual and user interface localization efforts.

## Credits

Software: Keith Godfrey with contributions by Benjamin Siband, Maxym Mykhalchuk, Sacha Chua, Henry Pijffers, Raymond: Martin, BSc.
Documentation: Marc Prior with contributions by Jean-Christophe Helary, Dmitri Gabinski, and Raymond: Martin, BSc.
Localization: Contributions by Alessandro Cattelan, Sabine Cretella, César Escribano Esteban, Dmitri Gabinski, Jean-Christophe Helary, Juan Sacines, Pablo Roca Santiago, Martin Wunderlich, Hisashi Yanagida, and Erhan Yukselci.
OmegaT uses HTMLParser to parse HTML and XHTML. We'd like to thank Somik Raha, Derrick Oswald and other HTMLParser contributors for writing this amazing piece of software we were able to use.
Table of Contents Next:/Introduction
# CAT-Tools/OmegaT/User manual/Editing Functions

Previous: Translation Process - Next: Text Navigation

## Editing Functions

OmegaT's editing functions are only applicable to the target text of the active segment. This is the only text that may be edited at any one time. However, text in any segment outside the active one can be marked, copied, or pasted.
The usual mouse operations, cursor keys, cursor key shortcuts, and shortcuts (select, cut, and paste) are supported. These are likely to vary between operating systems though.
Undo and Redo operations are possible with <Ctrl-Z> and <Ctrl-Y>, respectively.
If there are fuzzy matches for the current segment it is possible to:
* insert the selected fuzzy match in the editor field with <Ctrl-I>
* rewrite the whole field with the selected fuzzy match with <Ctrl-R>
(refer to Matches: Full and Fuzzy for details).
When working on a formatted file, the editor field will contain OmegaT specific tags that refer to the file's internal formatting structure.
It is not possible to add or change text formatting during translation. The formatting of the underlying structured file format, such as OpenDocument, OpenOffice.org, StarOffice, XHTML, or HTML (the only ones supported at present), is retained. Only a limited degree of control can be exercised over it (refer to Tagged (Formatted) Files Text Editing for details).
One way to add formatting is to insert a marker in the text, where formatting is desired (using "##", for instance) and then format the text in another application (e.g. OpenOffice.org) using the target documents that result from project compilation.
Previous: Translation Process - Next: Text Navigation
# CAT-Tools/OmegaT/FAQ/How to create a preview or partial delivery?

Translate the first 5 pages, compile, deliver. The customer has to be aware that the result is temporary, unless it was agreed that the job is delivered in parts. In that case, after first part delivery just make sure the first part is not included in the last final delivery.
# 3. Bh6 - Egg Gambit

3. Bh6, Sacrifices a bishop and shred the kingside.

## References

* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* Batsford Chess Openings 2 (1989, 1994). Garry Kasparov, Raymond Keene. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Doubts and Discussions

Please Note This section is not the part of book. It will be available online.
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/EDANS

EDANS (5-((2-Aminoethyl)amino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) is one of the most popular donors for developing FRET-based nucleic acid probes and protease substrates. EDANS is often paired with DABCYL or DABSYL.
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Einzel lens

An einzel lens is a charged particle lens that focuses without changing the energy of the beam. It consists of three or more sets of cylindrical or rectangular tubes in series along an axis. It is used in ion optics to focus ions in flight which is accomplished through manipulation of the electric field in the path of the ions.
The lens elements are symmetric so the ions will regain their initial energy on exiting the lens although the velocity of the outer particles will be altered such that they converge on to the axis. This causes the outer particles to arrive at the focus intersection slightly later than the ones that travel along a straight path as they have to travel an extra distance.

## Theory

The equation for the change in radial velocity for a particle as it passes between any pair of cylinders in the lens is:
$\Delta v_{r}=\int {\frac {qE_{r}(r,z)}{m_{0}v_{z}}}dz$
z is the axis passing through the middle of the lens. r is the direction normal to z. If the lens is constructed with cylindrical plates, the field is symmetrical around z. $E_{r}(r,z)$ is the magnitude of the electric field in the radial direction for a particle at a particular radial distance and distance across the gap, $m_{o}$ the rest mass of the particle passing through the field, $v_{z}$ is the velocity of the particle and q is the charge of the particle. The integral occurs over the gap between the plates. This is also the interval where the lensing occurs.
The pair of plates is also called an electrostatic immersion lens, thus an einzel lens can be described as two or more electrostatic immersion lenses. Solving the equation above twice to find the change in radial velocity for each pair of plates can be used to calculate the focal length of the lens.

## Application to television tubes

The einzel lens principle in a simplified form was also used as a focusing mechanism in modern display and television cathode ray tubes, and has the advantage of providing a good sharply focused spot throughout the useful life of the tube's electron gun, with minimal or no readjustment needed (many mono TVs did not have or need focus controls), although in high-resolution mono displays and all colour CRT displays an (engineer-adjustable) focus potentiometer control is provided.

## References

* ↑ "Radio and Television" by C. A. Quarrington, 1952-1963.
* ↑ "Television Receiver Servicing" by E. A. W. Spreadbury, 1953
* Aberth, William H. (1974), "Construction of an einzel lens capable of high voltage operation", Review of Scientific Instruments, 45: 1289, doi:10.1063/1.1686484
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Electric field NMR

Electric field NMR (EFNMR) spectroscopy differs from conventional NMR in that a sample containing suitable nuclei is polarised by a strong dc electric field instead of a constant magnetic field. The nuclei are stimulated (perturbed) by means of an alternating magnetic field, generated by passing an alternating current through a set of coils. The resulting magnetic resonance signal is small, and as in conventional NMR is typically sensed using a second set of coils and an amplifier.
Note that the same acronym is used for Earth's field NMR.
The shifting and splitting of spectral lines of atoms and molecules due to the presence of an external static electric field is referred to as the Stark effect.