OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economic Sophisms/194

"Perhaps I make too free with you; but I beg you to complete the explanation of your financial plan."
"I shall have a new law of Customs."
"In two volumes folio?"
"No, in two articles."
"For once, then, we may dispense with repeating the famous axiom, 'No one is supposed to be ignorant of the law'—Nul n'est censé ignorer la loi; which is a fiction. Let us see, then, your proposed tariff."
"Here it is:
"'ART. 1st—All imported merchandise shall pay a duty of 5 per cent. ad valorem'"
"Even raw materials?"
"Except those which are destitute of value."
"But they are all possessed of value, less or more."
"In that case they must pay duty, less or more."
"How do you suppose that our manufacturers can compete with foreign manufacturers who have their raw materials free?"
"The expenditure of the State being given, if we shut up this source of revenue, we must open another. That will not do away with the relative inferiority of our manufactures, and we shall have an additional staff of officials to create and to pay for."
"True. I reason as if the problem were to do away with taxation, and not to substitute one tax for another. I shall think over it. What is your second article?"
"'ART. 2d.—All merchandise exported shall pay a duty of 5 per cent. ad valorem'"
"Good gracious! Monsieur l'Utopiste. You are going to get yourself pelted, and, if necessary, I myself will cast the first stone."
"We have taken for granted that the majority are enlightened."
"Enlightened! Can you maintain that export duties will not be onerous?"
"All taxes are onerous; but this will be less so than others."
"The carnival justifies many eccentricities. Please to render plausible, if that be possible, this new paradox."
"How much do you pay for this wine?"
"One franc the litre."
# Economic Sophisms/191

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"
"If I were but one of His Majesty's ministers! …
"Well, what would you do?
"I should begin by—by—faith, by being very much at a loss. For it is clear I could only be a minister in consequence of having the majority in my favour; I could only have the majority in my favour by securing the popular suffrage; and I could attain that end, honestly at least, only by governing in accordance with public opinion. If I should attempt to carry out my own opinions, I should no longer have the majority; and if I lost the favour of the majority, I should be no longer one of His Majesty's ministers."
"But suppose yourself already a minister, and that you experience no opposition from the majority, what would you do?"
"I should inquire on what side justice lay."
"And then?"
"I should inquire on what side utility lay."
"And then?"
"I should inquire whether justice and utility were in harmony, or ran counter to one another."
"And if you found they were not in harmony?
Template:Fs90/s
* Template:Gap"Je dirais au roi Philippe;
* Template:Gap Reprenez votre portefeuille.
* La rime n'est pas riche et le style en est vieux;
* Mais ne voyez-vous pas que cela vaut bien mieux
* Que ces transactions dont le bon sens murmure,
* Et que l'honnitêté parle là toute pure."
Template:Fs90/e
"But if you found that the just and the useful were one and the same thing?"
"Then I should go straight forward."
"True; but to realize utility by means of justice, a third thing is needed."
"What?"
"Possibility."
"You granted me that"
"When?"
"Just now."
"How?"
"In assuming that I had the majority on my side."
"A most dangerous concession, I fear; for it implies that the majority see clearly what is just, see clearly what is useful, and see clearly that both are in perfect harmony."
"And if they see clearly all this, good results will work themselves out, so to speak, of their own accord."
"You always bring me back to this, that no reform is possible apart from the progress of general intelligence."
"Assuming this progress, every needed reform will infallibly follow."
"True; but this presupposed progress is a work of time. Suppose it accomplished, what would you do? I am anxious to see you actually and practically at work."
"I should begin by reducing the rate of postage to a penny."
"I have heard you speak of a halfpenny."
"Yes, but as I have other reforms in view, I should proceed prudently, in the first instance, to avoid any risk of a deficit."
"Fine prudence, to be sure! You have already landed yourself in a deficit of 30 millions of francs."
"Then I should reduce the salt-tax to 10 francs."
# Economic Sophisms/196

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"postages, and customs duties on a new footing, does this end your projected reform?"
"On the contrary, we are only beginning."
"Pray give me some account of your other Utopian schemes."
"We have already given up 60 millions of francs on salt and postages. The Customhouse affords compensation, but it gives also something far more precious."
"And what is that, if you please?"
"International relations founded on justice, and a probability of peace nearly equal to a certainty. I disband the army."
"The whole army?"
"Excepting the special arms, which will be recruited voluntarily like all other professions. You thus see the conscription abolished."
"Be pleased, Sir, to use the word recruitment." "Ah! I had forgotten; how easy it is in some countries to perpetuate and hand down the most unpopular things by changing their names!"
"Thus, droits rSunis have become contributions indirectes."
"And gendarmes have taken the name of gardes municipaux."
"In short, you would disarm the country on the faith of a Utopian theory."
"I said that I should disband the army—not that I would disarm the country. On the contrary, I intend to give it invincible force."
"And how can you give consistency to this mass of contradictions?"
"I should call upon all citizens to take part in the service."
"It would be well worth while to dispense with the services of some of them, in order to enrol all."
"You surely have not made me a minister in order to leave things as they are. On my accession to power, I should say, like Richelieu, 'State maxims are changed.' And my first maxim, the one I should employ as the basis of my administration, would be this: Every citizen must prepare for two things—to provide for his own subsistence, and to defend his country."
"It appears to me, at first sight, that there is some show of common sense in what you say."
# Economic Sophisms/189

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"it is awfully iniquitous. Mons. D,, forsooth, is to make up his losses by laying hold of my wine?
L.: Not exactly of the wine, but of its price. This is what we denominate premiums of encouragement, or bounties. Don't you see the great service you are rendering to the country?
J.: You mean to Mons. D.?
L.: To the country. Mons. D. assures us that his manufacture prospers in consequence of this arrangement, and in this way he considers the country is enriched. He said so the other day in the Chamber, of which he is a member.
J.: This is a wretched quibble! A speculator enters into a losing trade, and dissipates his capital; and then he extorts from me and from my neighbours wine and corn of sufficient value, not only to repair his losses, but afford him a profit, and this is represented as a gain to the country at large.
L.: Your representative having come to this conclusion, you have nothing more to do but to deliver up to me the six tuns of wine which I demand, and sell the remaining fourteen tuns to the best advantage.
J.: That is my business.
L.: It will be unfortunate if you do not realize a large price
J.: I will think of it.
L.: The higher price will enable you to procure more of other things.
J.: I am aware of that. Sir, L.: In the first place, if you purchase iron to renew your ploughs and your spades, the law decrees that you must pay the ironmaster double what the commodity is worth.
J.: Yes, this is very consolatory.
L.: Then you have need of coal, of butchers' meat, of cloth, of oil, of wool, of sugar; and for each of these commodities the law makes you pay double.
J.: It is horrible, frightful, abominable!
L.: Why should you indulge in complaints? You yourself, through your representative …
J.: Say nothing more of my representative. I am singularly represented, it is true. But they will not impose upon me a second time. I shall be represented by a good and honest peasant.
# Economic Sophisms/195

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh""How much would you have paid for it outside the barrier?"
"Half a franc."
"What is the reason of this difference?"
"Ask the octroi, which has imposed a tax of half a franc upon it"
"And who established the octroi?"
"The Commune of Paris, to enable them to pave and light the streets."
"It resolves itself, then, into an import duty. But if the neighbouring communes had erected the octroi for their profit, what would have been the consequence?"
"I should not the less have paid one franc for wine worth half a franc, and the other half franc would have gone to pave and light Montmartre and the Batignoles."
"So that, in effect, it is the consumer who pays the tax."
"That is beyond all doubt."
"Then, in imposing an export duty, you make the foreigner contribute to your expenditure."
"Pardon me, that is unjust."
"Why? Before any commodity can be produced in a country, we must presuppose as existing in that country education, security, roads, which are all things that cost money. Why then should not the foreigner bear the charges necessary to the production of the commodity of which ultimately he is the consumer?"
"That is contrary to received ideas."
"Not in the least. The last buyer must bear the whole cost of production, direct and indirect."
"It is in vain that you argue on this subject. It is self-evident that such a measure would paralyze trade, and shut all markets against us."
"This is a mistake. If you paid this tax over and above all others, you might be right. But if the 100 millions levied by this means relieved the taxpayer to a corresponding extent of other burdens, you would reappear in the foreign market with all your advantages, and even with greater advantages, if this tax shall have given rise to less complication and expense."
"I shall think over it. And now that we have put salt,
# Economic Sophisms/193

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh""And why is it forbidden?"
"In order that the coat may cost 100 instead of 80 francs."
"This prohibition, then, costs you 20 francs."
"Undoubtedly."
"And where do these 20 francs go to?"
"Where should they go to, but into the pocket of the cloth-manufacturer?"
"Well, then, give me 10 francs for the Treasury, I will abrogate the prohibition, and you will still be a gainer of 10 francs."
"Oh! I begin to follow you. The account with the Treasury will then stand thus: The revenue loses 5 francs upon salt, and 5 upon postages, and gains 10 francs upon cloth. The one balances the other."
"And your own account stands thus: You gain 5 francs upon salt, 5 francs upon postages, and 10 francs upon cloth."
"Total, 20 francs. I like your plan; but what comes of the poor cloth-manufacturer?"
"Oh! I have not lost sight of him. I manage to give him compensation likewise by means of dégrèvement s which are profitable to the revenue; and what I have done for you as regards cloth, I do for him as regards wool, coals, machinery, etc., so that he is enabled to reduce his price without being a loser."
"But are you sure that the one will balance the other?"
"The balance will be in his favour. The 20 francs which I enable you to gain upon cloth, will be augmented by the amount I enable you to save upon corn, meat, fuel, etc. This will amount to a large sum; and a similar saving will be realized by each of your 35 millions of fellow-countrymen. In this way, you will find the means of consuming all the cloth produced at Verviers and Elbeuf. The nation will be better clothed; that is all."
"I shall think over it; for all this, I confess, confuses my head somewhat."
"After all, as regards clothing, the main consideration is to be clothed. Your limbs are your own, and not the property of the manufacturer. To protect them from the cold is your business and not his! If the law takes his part against you, the law is unjust; and we have been reasoning hitherto on the hypothesis that what is unjust is injurious."
# Economic Sophisms/19

<pagequality level="4" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"syllogism which is not false, but incomplete. Now, what is true in a syllogism is always and necessarily present to the mind. But incompleteness is a negative quality, an absent datum, which it is very possible, and indeed very easy, to leave out of account.
Man produces in order to consume. He is at once producer and consumer. The reasoning which I have just explained considers him only in the first of these points of view. Had the second been taken into account, it would have led to an opposite conclusion. In effect, may it not be said:—
The consumer is richer in proportion as he purchases all things cheaper; and he purchases things cheaper in proportion to their abundance; therefore it is abundance which enriches him. This reasoning, extended to all consumers, leads to the theory of plenty.
It is the notion of exchange imperfectly understood which leads to these illusions. If we consider our personal interest, we recognise distinctly that it is double. As sellers we have an interest in dearness, and consequently in scarcity; as buyers, in cheapness, or what amounts to the same thing, in the abundance of commodities. We cannot, then, found our reasoning on one or other of these interests before inquiring which of the two coincides and is identified with the general and permanent interest of mankind at large.
If man were a solitary animal, if he laboured exclusively for himself, if he consumed directly the fruit of his labour—in a word, if he did not exchange—the theory of scarcity would never have appeared in the world. It is too evident that, in that case, abundance would be advantageous, from whatever quarter it came, whether from the result of his industry, from ingenious tools, from powerful machinery of his invention, or whether due to the fertility of the soil, the liberality of nature, or even to a mysterious invasion of products brought by the waves and left by them upon the shore. No solitary man would ever have thought that in order to encourage his labour and render it more productive, it was necessary to break in pieces the instruments which saved it, to neutralize the fertility of the soil, or give back to the sea the good things it had brought to his door. He would perceive at once that labour is
# Economic Sophisms/190

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"L.: Bah! you will re-elect the gallant General.
J.: Shall I re-elect him, to divide my wine among Africans and manufacturers?
L.: I tell you, you will re-elect him.
J.: This is too much. I am free to re-elect him or not, as I choose.
L.: But you will so choose.
J.: Let him come forward again, and he will find whom he has to deal with.
L.: Well, we shall see. Farewell. I carry away your six tuns of wine, to be distributed as your friend, the General, has determined.
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/A Home In The Hills
## Prerequisites

* Mission: Fish In A Barrel
* Location: Four Dragon's Casino, Las Venturas

## Walkthrough

This can be a frustrating mission so make sure you save outside the Four Dragons Casino before attempting it. After a long cutscene that sets up the return to Los Santos you find yourself making a parachute assault on Madd Dogg's mansion (which you will have visited before during the OG Loc missions).
You need to try and land on the mansion's helipad. If you fail then run to the entrance of the mansion and up the ramp onto the mansion roof. Here you need to kill gang members until the rest of the Triad arrive. A body armour is available next to the air-conditioning units.
Once the remaining Triad arrive enter the mansion via the main door. There is now a short cutscene and then its back to the shooting. Ignore the advice the Triad give you and help them clear the rooms one by one. The next stage is a lot easier if one or both of the Triad members survive. In one of the bedrooms there is another body armour.
Once past the bedrooms onto the balcony you can pick up a health heart in the kitchen below the balcony. Once you move towards Big Poppa he will run and there seems to be no way to kill him inside the mansion so instead systematically work your way through the rooms. These are the same rooms that were used in the theft mission. Once you get to the end there will be a cutscene where Big Poppa drives off in a Phoenix and you have to pursue in a pink Windsor (not a bad car but very prone to having the wheels lock). This section of the mission is trickier than it sounds because you have to stay quite close to Big Poppa to avoid an automatic mission failure.
Essentially wait for Big Poppa to drive onto a decent section of road or a backwoods town and then force him off the road with the usual tricks such as drive-by shooting into the engine and PIT.
There is no time limit so take it easy and just keep shunting him around. Once you have completed the mission you will be able to save at Madd Dogg's mansion and the CJ missions appear at the mansion.

## Tips

* There is an armor icon near the air conditioner in the helipad.

## Rewards

* Respect +
* Madd Dogg's Crib is now available as a safehouse (equipped with your own pool / gym / basketball court / video consoles + arcades / helipad with a Sparrow / a car etc.)
* Thermal goggles, armor and health icons now spawn in the crib.

## New Missions Available

* Vertical Bird
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/Against All Odds
## Prerequisites

* Mission: First Date
* Location: Inside Track Betting shop, Montgomery, Red County

## Walkthrough

Upon entering the red marker, Catalina hands you 10 satchel charges. Upon entering the shop, you must place and detonate a satchel charge on the door leading to the safe, and then another on the door of the safe inside.
After looting the safe, you emerge from the shop with a 4-star wanted level, and you'll have to head to the indicated Pay N Spray in Dillimore. Now just drive Catalina back to her hideout to complete the mission.

## Rewards

* Cash: $2,000
* Item: Satchel Charges

## New Missions Available

None
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/8-Track

At the Los Santos Stadium, just south-east to your house, there is a 12-lap race. You use a Hotring Racer, racing against other Hotring Racers, and if you win, you earn some cash and a Monster and Hotring Racer spawn outside the stadium, a nice bonus for a difficult mission.
Tips: This race requires some good driving skill, and a bit of luck. Try pulling P.I.T. manourevers and feel free to shoot the other cars if you need to. Destroying other cars does not take them out of the race. They will respawn at the "pit" near the starting line.
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/Air Raid
## Prerequisites

* Mission: Wear Flowers in your Hair
* Location: Zero's RC shop, Garcia, San Fierro

## Walkthrough

Zero's enemy Berkeley is attacking Zero's towers with RC planes and helicopters. You have to use a minigun to defend them for 3 minutes. Focus on shooting down planes and helicopters in the distance and make sure that they don't get close enough to drop bombs. Sometimes he'll tell from where they are coming. Eventually they'll start coming in groups, focus on the most close airplanes not much on the group (if there are airplanes that are closer of course), the group is so tight that can count almost as one.

## Rewards

* Cash: $3,000

## New Missions Available

* Supply Lines...
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/Amphibious Assault
## Prerequisites

* Mission: Lure
* Lung Capacity: 10% or more
* Location: Woozie's office, Chinatown, San Fierro
* Time: 20:00 - 06:00

## Walkthrough

After the cutscene, head for the yellow blip near Pier 69. After the cutscene, you will be in the water. Follow the red markers to get out to sea, then head for the ship. You have to swim underwater to avoid being noticed. When you need to resurface for air, you will not be spotted if you stay still. Once you get to the ship, you can either stealth kill all the guards, or go in with guns blazing. When you get onto the bridge of the ship, head downstairs, take out a few more guards, then step into the red marker and press Triangle to plant the bug. Get back to the deck, and jump into the water. Then swim back to the yellow blip to complete the mission.

## Tips

* If you like, you can destroy all the patrol boats instead of avoiding them.
* The other way to save yourself some stealthy swimming is to just take out the guards on the patrol boats. You will need to bring a sniper rifle and climb on the last rock outcrop just before heading to the open sea. You should be able to snipe out the guards on the two nearest patrol boats. You could then take control on one of these two boats and use it to snipe out the remaining guards on the other patrol boats. You could then drive it to the ship. If you park your boat properly besides the ship, you could ride it on your way back too!

## Rewards

* Cash: $11,000
* Respect: +25

## New Missions Available

* The Da Nang Thang
# Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas/Missions/555 WE TIP
## Prerequisites

* Mission: Wear Flowers in your Hair
* Location: CJ's garage, Doherty, San Fierro

## Walkthrough

Note: If at any point during this mission you obtain a wanted level, you automatically fail the mission.
After the cutscene, head to the Vank Hoff Hotel. Follow the valet to the underground car park, and kill him while nobody is looking. Pick up the uniform, then head back out to the hotel entrance. You must wait for the D.A.'s car (a blue Merit) to turn up, and ensure you get in prior to any of your colleagues. You now have two and a half minutes to take the car back to the garage in Doherty, plant the drugs, then return it to the hotel car park in mint condition. If you should damage it even slightly, you have to return to the garage. Then get outside and phone the cops to complete the mission.

## Tips

* If you forget which one is the D.A.'s car, listen to the other valets. They will say something special when it arrives.

## Rewards

None

## New Missions Available

* Story Missions
** Deconstruction
* Asset Missions
** Valet Parking