OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Voice over IP/Advanced VoIP Configuration
### Correctly terminating emergency calls

Particular attention should be given to ensuring that emergency calls on VoIP lines are handled correctly. In some cases, it may not be possible to provide useful or reliable emergency service via VoIP services. In this case, it may be possible to offload emergency calls to a landline service.
If reliable emergency service is not available, the handset or VoIP device should clearly be marked with a warning.
Some VoIP providers allow emergency calls to be routed via their service; however this is only of use if you are within an area covered by the receiving emergency call centre. Additionally, a lack of bandwidth or Internet service or a power loss can lead to loss of emergency service via telephone.

#### Suggestions for dealing with emergency calls

If a functioning landline handset is nearby, it is advisable to attach a notice to the VoIP device directing emergency calls to the landline. It is much easier for emergency services to assist if they have information on your location which is generally not available via VoIP calls.
Where calls are handled by a gateway administered by yourself or your organisation, and the ability to route certain calls via landline exists, the dialplan for your VoIP gateway should immediately route emergency calls via the landline, and where possible, any active conversations should be dropped if there are not sufficient lines to handle the call.
It is important to find out whether your VoIP provider(s) offer emergency numbers, what areas they are able to cover and whether they are able to provide enhanced emergency services such as e911 initiatives which allow providers to transmit information on subscribers to 911 call centres.
Ensure that emergency calls are routed via the most appropriate gateways in your dial plan.

### IVR (Interactive Voice Response) application

IVR applications are automated response units which receive input from the user (traditionally in the form of DTMF) and allow the user to progress along a pre-set interactive path. For example, a menuing system where the IVR may announce Press 1 for Sales, 2 for Marketting and then await user input. Once the user input arrives the IVR unit may patch through the call to another line and/or may provide a pre-recorded message.
# Voice over IP/Reference
## Appendices
### Appendix A: Glossary of Terms

| ATA | Analog Telephone Adaptor |
| Broadband | Using multiple transmissions simultaneously over a single medium. |
| Baseband | Using a single transmission over a single medium. | CAS | Channel Associated Signaling |
| CCS | Common Channel Signaling |
| DTMF | Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency |
| DS0 | 64K Channel |
| DSL | Digital Subscriber Line |
| E1 | 32 DS0 Channels |
| FXO | Foreign eXchange Office |
| FXS | Foreign eXchange Subscriber |
| IP | Internet Protocol - IP is the common protocol, or language, used by all devices on the Internet to communicate regardless of vendor. |
| MGCP | Media Gateway Control Protocol |
| NAT | Network Address Translation - The translation of a Network (IP) Address to another address by a gateway or router device |
| PAT | Port Address Translation - The translation of multiple inside IP addresses to a single IP address on the outside, used in typical home applications. |
| PBX | Private Branch Exchange |
| PoE | Power over Ethernet |
| POTS | Plain Old Telephone System. See PSTN below. |
| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network |
| Q.931 | Layer 3 ISDN Signaling |
| Q.921 | Layer 2 ISDN Signaling |
| RFC | Request For Comments |
| RTCP | Real-Time Control Protocol |
| RTP | Real-Time Transport Protocol |
| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol |
| T1 | 24 DS0 Channels |
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Mechanics
## Preface

Formal Definition:
Translation:
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Relations and Regions in the Complex Plane
## Preface

Formal Definition: In mathematics, the complex plane, z-plane, Argand diagrams are a geometric representation of the complex numbers established by the real axis and the orthogonal imaginary axis. It can be thought of as a modified Cartesian plane, with the real part of a complex number represented by a displacement along the x-axis, and the imaginary part by a displacement along the y-axis.
Translation: All complex numbers are vectors, they have direction, magnitude, and can be displayed using Cartesian-like coordinates on a modified Cartesian plane, or can be manipulated in polar form. Common formations are rays (angles), circles, ellipses, and other common Cartesian graphs.
# VHDL for FPGA Design/4-Bit ALU
## 4-Bit ALU VHDL Code

A combinatorial ALU with the following operations:
| Operation | Result | Flag | Description |
| 000 | Nibble1 + Nibble2 | Carry = Overflow | Addition |
| 001 | | Nibble1 - Nibble2 | | 1 if Nibble2 > Nibble1, 0 otherwise | Test / diff |
| 010 | Nibble1 AND Nibble2 | 0 | Bitwise AND |
| 011 | Nibble1 OR Nibble2 | 0 | Bitwise OR |
| 100 | Nibble1 XOR Nibble2 | 0 | Bitwise XOR |
| 101 | 15 - Nibble1 | 0 | Bitwise inverse of Nibble1 |
| 110 | 15 - Nibble2 | 0 | Bitwise inverse of Nibble2 |
| 111 | Nibble1 + Nibble2 + 1 | Carry = Overflow | Addition |
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Vector Calculus
## Preface

Formal Definition:
Translation:
# VHDL for FPGA Design/4-Bit Adder

library ieee; use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all use ieee.std_logic_arith.all;
Entity Adder4 Is port ( a,b:in integer Range -8 to 7; sum:out integer Range -16 to 15 ); end Adder4;
Architecture Adder4arch of Adder4 Is Begin sum<=a+b;
end Adder4arch;
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Practice Exams
## Preface

This page serves to collate and organize as many content-released practice exams as possible, in addition to their solutions.

## 2006

2006 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2007

2007 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2008

2008 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2009

2009 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2010

2010 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Practice SACS
## Preface

This page serves to collate and organize as many content-released SACs as possible, in addition to their solutions.

## 2006

2006 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2007

2007 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2008

2008 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2009

2009 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |

## 2010

2010 :
| Author(s) | Institution(s) | Paper(s) | Paper Solution(s) |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
| Author | Institution | Paper | Solution |
# VCE Specialist Mathematics/Units 3 and 4: Specialist Mathematics/Vectors
## Preface

Formal Definition:
Translation:
# VHDL for FPGA Design
## Contents
### Combinational Logic

* Decoder
* Multiplexer
* Priority Encoder
* 4-Bit Adder
* 4-Bit Multiplier
* 4-Bit ALU

### Sequential Logic

* D Flip Flop
* T Flip Flop
* JK Flip Flop
* 4-Bit Binary Counter with Parallel Load
* 4-Bit BCD Counter with Clock Enable
* 4-Bit Shift Register
* 4-Bit Johnson Counter with Reset

### State-Machine

* State-Machine Design Example Asynchronous Counter
* State-Machine Design Example Serial Parity Generator

### Design Exercises

* Example Application Serial Adder
* Example Application Using PicoBlaze
* Complete synthesisable VHDL code for Signed 32 bit Radix-16 multiplier

## Further Reading

* Embedded Systems
* Digital Circuits
* Programmable Logic
* Semiconductors
* Computer Science:Logic
# WebObjects/Wirehose/Content Management

WireHose provides a powerful, flexible foundation for building content management systems in WebObjects, based on the concept of tagging and indexing content.

## Tags

WHTag objects represent metadata which can be arranged in an arbitrary hierarchy and assigned to taggable objects. Tags can be arranged into any hierarchy required. A tag can be uniquely identified by its tagpath, which is a slash-delimited string indicating its position in the hierarchy such as "Animals/Cats/Black cats/Budu". You use static methods in WHTag create and retrieve tags, and assign them to taggable objects. You can subclass WHTag to implement access control, workflow or other special applications. The com.wirehose.base.engage package defines several WHTag subclasses which implement access control for taggable objects. WHRevision is a WHTag subclass which provides support for versioning taggable objects.

## Taggable objects

WHTaggable defines an interface for objects which can be categorized and fetched by tags. A taggable object can have any number of tags. You can add taggable support to your existing enterprise object entities by adding a few relationships and implementing the WHTaggable interface, which provides a default implementation as a static inner class. WireHose also includes Xcode templates to create new taggable objects from scratch.

## Indexable objects

WHIndexable defines an interface for objects which can be indexed and fetched by keywords. You can add indexable support to your existing enterprise object entities by implementing the WHIndexable interface and adding a few relationships. WireHose also includes Xcode templates to create new indexable objects from scratch. Indexable objects are indexed through the WHTextIndexer utility class.

## Fetching taggable and indexable objects

WHTagDataSource is an EODataSource, suitable for use with display groups, which fetches taggable and indexable objects by tags and keywords. WHTagDataSource is optimized for performance, and includes fine-tunable caching and entity pruning so expensive fetches are minimized. You can filter fetched objects by entity or interfaces implemented, and control its SQL generation through several Java properties.
Starting content used with permission of Gary Teter. WireHose and the eyeball-and-arrows logo are trademarks of Gary Teter.
# WebObjects/Wirehose/Installation
## Installation

Download the WireHoseServerX.X.dmg disk image to anywhere on your system, and double-click it to open. Inside you'll find the WireHoseFrameworks.pkg installer, which will guide you through installing the WireHose frameworks onto your system. You'll need an administrator password to run the installer. Inside the WireHoseServerX.X disk image you'll also find a folder called WireHoseExtras, which contains sample files and source code. Drag this folder anywhere you like (such as your home directory).

## What gets installed where
### /Library/Frameworks
#### WireHoseBase

    Enterprise object model, business logic and utility classes; required for any WireHose application

#### WireHoseEngageSupport

    Optional access control framework

#### WireHoseLayoutSupport

    WebObjects components, direct actions and session and web application helper classes

#### WHFrontBasePrototypes, WHOpenBasePrototypes, WHOraclePrototypes

    Database attribute definitions

#### WireHoseWOBuilderBindings

    Xcode project and dummy framework to help WebObjects Builder properly display WireHose component bindings

### /Library/WebServer/Documents/WebObjects/Frameworks
#### WireHoseLayoutSupport

    Common images

### ~/WireHoseExtras
#### Developer

    Templates you should put into ~/Developer

#### Documentation

    API documentation, developer overview, database setup, tREADME, etc.

#### SampleCode

    Sample applications and frameworks

#### SampleData

    Sample XML data, mapping models and SQL setup scripts
Starting content used with permission of Gary Teter. WireHose and the eyeball-and-arrows logo are trademarks of Gary Teter.
# Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies

This book on Web 2.0 resources is an aid to English language teachers in their use of learning technologies and web based materials. Web 2.0 technologies are highly useful tools to explore and use in everyday lessons. In this book, you will find an overview of relevant technologies applicable to ELT along with classroom activities and links to online resources.

## Table of Contents

| Part I: Foundations Introduction and Historical Background Information: What is the Web 2.0? What does emerging technologies mean? Legal, Cultural, Social, and Political Issues in the Web 2.0 Nontraditional, Alternative, and Informal Learning with the Web 2.0 Global and International Education and Interaction Overcoming the Digital Divide (e.g., One Laptop Per Child, The Global Text Project) | Part II: Learners The Next Generation of Learners Learning Styles and Diverse Learners Web 2.0 Learning Styles |
| Part III: Instructional Design and Pedagogical Issues Innovative Pedagogies with Technologies Emerging Web 2.0 Related Learning Theory: Student Generated Content, Peer-To-Peer Learning, Connectionism, etc. Instructional Design Models and Emerging Learning Technologies Assessing and Evaluating the Impact of Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies Research on the Impact and Effectiveness of the Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies Professional Development and Overcoming Instructor and Administrative Resistance Resistance to using technology in the classroom | Part IV: Environments and Tools Cool Web 2.0 Tools: Virtual Worlds, Language Learning, Podcasting, Wikis, Blogs, Social Networking, Online Communities The Open Source and Open Education Movement Use of Geographic Information Systems, Visualization Tools, and Online Maps Technologies for Different Sectors: Business, Higher Education, Schools, Military, and Government The Role of Online Books and Libraries Virtual Reality Mobile Learning Online Learning Communities |
| Part V: Fostering Successful Learning with Personalized Learning Environments (PLEs) Introduction of PLE Definition & History of PLE Facilitative Tools of PLE Methods of Personalized Learning Environments (PLE) Case Study of Personalized Learning Environments (PLE) Social Network Analysis Literature Reviews of PLE Others | Part VI: The Future Emerging Technology for Special Needs Technology Tools Currently in Development and Beta The Future: Tools, Technologies, and Trends in the Coming Decade |
| Part VII: Web 2.0 Tools & Resources Blogs Calendars Delicious Digg Facebook Google Docs Google Groups Hot Potatoes LiveJournal Ning Online Video Open Diary Podcasting Powtoons RSS Scribd ScreenToaster Skype Slideshare Smilebox Synchronous Text Communication Synchronous Voice Communication Timetoast ToonDoo Twitter WebQuests Weebly WhenInTime Wikis Wordle VoiceThread Yahoo! Groups Yappr ||
# WebObjects/Wirehose/Personalization

WireHose provides everything you need to create high-performance, scalable personalized applications. It models users, guest users, channels, global channels, and channel factories, and includes optimized implementations which handle caching and propagation of default settings to individual sessions.

## Users

WHUser is the parent entity for all WireHose users. It includes many methods for fetching, sorting and filtering a user's channels. Subclasses can override the allUserChannels method to include channels which are not modeled as part of the base "channels" relationship. Users can be automatically logged in via cookies, and you can override the default authentication and guest user creation behavior by implementing WHApplicationHelper's delegate methods.

## Channels

WHChannel defines an interface for things which can be personalized for individual users. WireHose includes Xcode templates which use WHConcreteChannel as a default implementation, or you can create your own channel objects by implementing the WHChannel interface. WireHose also provides support for global channels, which belong to all users.

## Channel factories

WHChannelFactory defines an interface for objects which create channels for individual users and global channels. Channel factories also may provide default settings which can be overridden on a per-instance basis by individual channels. In a typical deployment scenario, channel factories are shared between all sessions in an application, and thus are often used to cache the results of expensive fetches. It includes a static inner class which provides a default implementation of the interface. WireHose includes Project Builder templates so new channel factories can be rapidly built.

## Fetchers

WHFetcher defines an interface for objects which cache and filter the results of expensive fetches. WHConcreteFetcher provides an abstract implementation of this interface as a channel. For maximum performance, fetcher channels will attempt to use their factories' fetch results rather than perform their own whenever possible. WHTagFetcher is a fetcher which uses a WHTagDataSource to fetch taggable and indexable objects. WHQualifierFetcher uses a WHQualifierDataSource to retrieve enterprise objects by arbitrary qualifiers, making it well-suited for creating enterprise information channels that personalize queries into non-WireHose databases.
Starting content used with permission of Gary Teter. WireHose and the eyeball-and-arrows logo are trademarks of Gary Teter.
# Web Services

Concepts and examples: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YcW25PHnAA
Find available web service APIs at http://www.programmableweb.com/

## Testing Tools

Postman - REST client (Chrome app)
apigee.com/console/

# RESTful API

source: http://www.drdobbs.com/web-development/restful-web-services-a-tutorial/240169069
REST stands for Representational State Transfer, which is an architectural style for networked hypermedia applications. A service based on REST is called a RESTful service. RESTful services should have following properties and features:

## Representations

RESTful service provides access to these resources, which must represented using a format such as JSON.

## Messages

The client and service talk to each other via messages. In addition to the message body messages contain metadata such as header - key-value pairs.

## Addressing resources

REST requires each resource to have at least one URI. A RESTful service uses a directory hierarchy like human readable URIs to address its resources. URI should not say anything about the operation or action, which is determined by the HTTP verb.

## Uniform interface

RESTful systems should have a uniform interface. HTTP 1.1 provides a set of methods, called verbs (GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, OPTIONS, HEAD), for this purpose. A Safe HTTP method does not make any changes to the resource on the server. An Idempotent HTTP method has same effect no matter how many times it is performed.

## Stateless

A RESTful service is stateless and does not maintain the application state for any client. A request cannot be dependent on a past request and a service treats each request independently.

## Links between resources

A resource representation can contain links to other resources like an HTML page contains links to other pages.

## Caching

Caching is the concept of storing the generated results and using the stored results instead of generating them repeatedly if the same request arrives in the near future. This can be done on the client, the server, or on any other component between them, such as a proxy server.

## Documenting a RESTful service

A client can simply know the base address of the service and from there it can discover the service on its own by traversing through the resources using links. The method OPTION can be used effectively in the process of discovering a service. Sample documentation of a service can be found at http://www.drdobbs.com/web-development/restful-web-services-a-tutorial/240169069?pgno=3
# Web Programming/JS Arrary
## Array Sort

runnable code

## Array Map Reduce

runnable code

## Array Filter

runnable code

## Array Push/Pop

runnable code

## Array Shift/Unshift

runnable code
# Web Programming/Node.js

Node.js is a JavaScript framework for building scalable network applications. It provides several modules like:
* npm: a package manager.
* An HTTP server.
* The possibility to manage filesystems, and to create full JS apps.

## Installation
### Windows

Download the .msi on https://nodejs.org/.

### Linux

On Debian, replace the wanted version in the URL. Example for the 14th:
# Web Programming/JavaScript/Nodejs

code between curly braces is also known as a block.
A function expression is similar to function declaration, with the exception that identifier can be omitted, creating an anonymous function.
Arrow function syntax is a shorter syntax for a function expression.
We can refactor an arrow function in three ways. The most condensed form of the function is known as concise body.
* Functions that take a single parameter should not use parentheses. The code will still work, but it's better practice to omit the parentheses around single parameters. However, if a function takes zero or multiple parameters, parentheses are required.
* A function composed of a sole single-line block is automatically returned. The contents of the block should immediately follow the arrow => and the return keyword can be removed. This is referred to as implicit return.
* A function composed of a sole single-line block does not need brackets.
In a concise body:
# Web Programming/Responsive Web Design
## External Resources

* Bootstrap tutorial on w3schools