# Uzbek/Lesson Ten

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## Cultural Notes

The Cultural Notes section in the Peace Corps Language Competencies is way outdated. If some one writes a new one that is ok, otherwise this place is going to have to be missing.

## Dialogues

Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio: upload • upload (131 + 142 kb • help) Greetings :
| | First Dialogue |
| Donald | Bu qanday anor, ota? |
| Nigora | Bu - Quvaning nordon anori. Sizga qanday meva kerak? |
| Donald | Menga eng shirin meva kerak. Uzum neche so’m? Nok-chi? |
| Nigora | Uzumning bir kilosi oʻn soʻm. Nok ham shu narxda. Koʻp olsangiz, arzon narxda beraman. |
| | Second Dialogue |
| Donald | Xola, ikkita doʻppini yuz soʻmga berasizmi? |
| Nigora | Yoʻq, yuz soʻmga boʻlmaydi. Mayli, siz bir yuz yigirma soʻm bera qoling. Bu doʻppilar qoʻlda tikilgan. |
| Donald | Xoʻp. Bir yuz soʻm bersam, rozimisiz? |
| Nigora | Maylil, bolam. Mehmon ekansiz. Roziman. Baraka toping! |
| | Third Dialogue |
| Donald | Koʻylaklar qaysi boʻlimda sotiladi? |
| Nigora | Men sizning xizmatingizga tayorman. Sizga nima kerak |
| Donald | Men mana bu koʻylakni koʻrmoqchi edim. Bu koʻylakning oq rangi bormi? |
| Nigora | Ha, bor. Mana bu paxtadan qilingan. |
| Donald | Bu menga mos kelmaydi. Engi juda kalta ekan. Kattarogʻi bormi? |
| Nigora | Sizga havo rangi yoqadimi? |
| Doanld | Bir koʻray-chi? Bu rang menga yoqadi. Oʻzi ham menga mos. Men buni olamen. Uni oʻrab bering. |

### Vocabulary

Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Vocabulary :
| anor | pomegranates |
| Quva | (place name) |
| nordon | sour, bittersweet |
| quvaning nordon anori | sour pomegranate of Quva |
| eng | most |
| eng shirin | sweetest, the most sweet |
| uzum | grapes |
| nok | pears |
| -chi | what about? (particle) |
| nok-chi? | what about the pears? |
| kilo | kilo, kilogram |
| bir kilosi | per kilo |
| ham shu | the same, also that |
| narxda | price (locative) |
| olsangiz | if you buy, if you take (conditional) |
| arzon | lower, cheap |
| beraman | I will sell, I will give |
| xola | aunt (form of address) |
| doʻppini | cap (accusative) |
| berasizmi? | will you sell? |
| yuz soʻmga | for 100 som (dative) |
| bir yuz yigirma | one hundred-twenty |
| bera qoling | you may pay, please pay |
| qoʻlda | by hand (locative) |
| tikilgan | sewn |
| bir yuz oʻn | one hundred-ten |
| bersam | if I pay (conditional) |
| rozi | satisfied, pleased |
| rozimisiz? | do you agree? are you satisfied? |
| bolam | my child (form of address) |
| mehmon | guest |
| ekansiz | after all, you are |
| roziman | I agree |
| baraka | abundance |
| toping | find |
| baraka toping! | good luck! |
| koʻylak | shirt, dress |
| qaysi | which? |
| boʻylimda | in a department |
| sotiladi | it is sold |
| xizmatingizga | at your service (dative) |
| tayor | ready |
| koʻrmoqchi edim | I would like to see |
| oq | white |
| rangi | it's colour |
| paxtadan | of cotton (ablative) |
| qilingan | made |
| mos kelmaydi | it does not fit |
| engi | its sleeves |
| kalta | short |
| kattaroq | bigger |
| kattarogʻi |
| havo rangi | blue |
| bir koʻray-chi? | why don't I give it a try? |
| mos | fitting, suitable |
| oʻrab bering | wrap it up (for me) |

## Grammar and Vocabulary Explanations
### For Dialogue 1

The comparative degree of adjectives is formed by adding the suffix -roq to the stem of an adjective:
Uzbek Examples • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) :
| issiq+roq > issiqroq | warmer |
| sovuq+roq > sovuqroq | colder |
The superlative degree of adjectives is formed by placing the word eng (most, very) before an adjective. Sometimes, especially in spoken Uzbek, the word juda (very, too) is used instead of eng:
Uzbek Examples • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) :
| juda shirin = eng shirin | sweetest |
| juda qimmat = eng qimmat | most expensive |
Another funcion of the particle -chi is to form a question meaning 'what about?' In this meaning the particle may be added to one word noun predicates:
Uzbek Examples • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) :
| nok-chi? | what about the pears? |
| kelmasa-chi | What if he, she does not come? |

### For Dialogue 2

The words xola and bolam are forms of address. Xola (aunt) is used by younger people to address unknown older woman and the word bolam (my child) is used by older men and women to address younger people:
Uzbek Example • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) :
| Rozimisiz, xola? | Do you agree, aunt? |
| Mayli, bolam. | All right, my child |
When the irregular verb form ekan is used as a component of a noun predicate, it may be translated 'seem,' 'seems,' 'after all,' 'apparently'. The predicative suffixes -man, -san; -miz, -siz, -lar may be added directly to the irregular form ekan.
Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Pronouns (Possessive) :
| Men sogʻ ekanman | I seem to be healthy |
| Sen sogʻ ekansan | You seem to be healthy. |
| U sogʻ ekan | He, she, seems to be healthy |
| Biz sogʻ ekanmiz | We seem to be healthy |
| Siz sogʻ ekansiz | You seem to be healthy |
| Ular sogʻ ekanlar | They seem to be healthy |
| Siz mehmon ekansiz | After all, you are a guest. |

#### Pronunciation Note

The compound verb bera qoling consists of the present gerund bera (giving) and the auxiliary verb qoling (to stay). The first verb in the compound carries the primary meaning, while qolmoq adds the meaning of permission or a request. When qolmoq expresses a request, the vowel in the second syllable is pronounced longer:
Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Pronouns (Possessive) :
| Siz bir yuz yigirma soʻm bera qoling. | You may pay 120 som (permission) |
| Menga kitobingizni bera qoling. | Please give me your book (request) |

### For Dialogue 3

The construction -moqchi edi expresses desire and may be translated 'would like to':
Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Plural suffix (-lar) :
| Men mana bu koʻylakni koʻrmoqchi edim | I would like to see this shirt |
In this construction, the predicative suffixes -m, -ng; -k, -ngyz, -lar are added to the irregular verb from of edi:
Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Question Particle Example :
| men koʻrmoqchi edim | I would like to see |
| sen koʻrmoqchi edingiz | you would like to see |
| u koʻrmoqchi edi | he, she would like to see |
| biz koʻrmoqchi edik | we would like to see |
| siz koʻrmoqchi edingiz | you would like to see |
| ular koʻrmoqchi edilar | they would like to see |
To express the idea of 'like to,' the dative suffix -ga is added to personal pronouns before the verb form yoqadi:
Uzbek Dialogue • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) Question Particle Example :
| menga yoqadi | I like |
| senga yoqadi | you like |
| unga yoqadi | he, she likes |
| bizga yoqadi | we like |
| sizga yokadi | you like |
| ularga yokadi | they like |
The phrase menga mos (it fits me) has the same structure as menga yoqadi.

## Uzbek Proverb

Uzbek Proverb • Lesson Ten • audio (upload) :
* Shirin yolgʻondan achchiq haqiqat yaxshi.
* Translation: The bitter truth is better than a sweet lie.

## Recap

So, now you know how to shop in Uzbek
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