OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The implementation of E-Government/E-Government by country/Ukraine/Ministry of Justice

The web portal of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine provides information on the following categories:
* About the ministry;
* Structure;
* Activities;
* Regulatory framework;
* Sites of justice departments;
* Press Center.

## E-services

The web portal of Ministry of Justice of Ukraine contains services that state body of Ukraine provide:
* Services for security legal aid
* On-line chats of departments of public registration of civil states
* The list of maternity hospitals, in which it is possible to obtain a birth certificate for a child
* Unified search-service of debtors/arrears on alimony/wage arrears
To use the services of the web portal of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, registration doesn't needed.

## Online cabinet of the Ministry of Justice

The online cabinet of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine offers:
* Obtaining documents from the state registries of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine in on-line mode.
* Registration actions in the state registers of Ukraine in electronic form.
* Search for information in the state registers of Ukraine.
* Use of electronic reporting systems for persons engaged in specialized professional activities.
* References to various information sources.
* Search for legislative documents, templates (samples) of documents.
* Participation in electronic bidding with seized property.

## Open Data

The following data sets are published in the "Open Data" section:
* directory of enterprises, institutions (institutions) and organizations of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and subordinate organizations, including their telephone and address;
* potential objects of energy resources of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, the main territorial departments of justice, enterprises, institutions and organizations of the justice system;
* information on the organizational structure of the Ministry of Justice;
* report on the use of budget funds (for administrators of information using budget funds), in particular for individual budget programs;
* reports, including information requests;
* annual procurement plans;
* information on the accounting system, types of information stored by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine;
* the register (list) of sets of open data;
* lists of administrative services, information cards of administrative services and application forms necessary for applying for administrative services;
* financial reporting of business entities of the state sector of the economy belonging to the management of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine;
* other available data corresponding to the definition of public information in the form of open data;
* information from registers in the format of open data.
# The implementation of E-Government/E-Government by country/Ukraine/Pension fund

The web portal of the Pension Fund of Ukraine provides information and services in the following sections:
* Contacts;
* Instructions;
* Announcements;
* News;
* Information and activities;
* Communications;
* Services;
* E-services portal;
* Report corruption;
* Pension calculator.
To use the services of the web portal of the Ukrainian Pension Fund registration is required. It is carried out in two ways:
* by submitting an application for registration on the web portal - a personal visit to the nearest branch of the Ukrainian pension fund;
* by online registration using an electronic digital signature (EDS) - an EDS key (can be on any electronic media or electronic pension certificate).

## E-services

Web portal of Pension Fund of Ukraine contains services that state body of Ukraine provide:
* SMS-service - with the help of SMS-messages, the Pension Fund will inform pensioners about the appointment and recalculation of pensions. Employees - to pay for them a single social contribution and the size of their insurance record;
* Data from the register of insured persons;
* Electronic pension affair;
* All your appeals to Pension Fund of Ukraine;
* Recording on reception;
* Application for pension appointment;
* Application for recalculation of pension;
* Complaint;
* Request for preparation of paper documents;
* Request for electronic documents.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 14 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

Section 14 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 defines qualifying distribution for the purposes of ICTA. The definition is as follows:
    any distribution other than -
    (a) a distribution which, in relation to the company making it, is a distribution only by virtue of Section 209(2)(c) of ICTA; or
    (b) a distribution consisting of any share capital or security which the company making the distribution has directly or indirectly received from the company by which the share capital or security was issued and which, in relation to the latter company, is a distribution by virtue only of section 209(2)(c).
Section 14 used also to include information about advance corporation tax, which was abolished in 1998.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 13ZA of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

This Section gives some interpretative provisions for Section 13(7) of ICTA.
Subsection (1) provides that in determining whether a body corporate is a 51% subsidiary of another, the other isn't treated as being the owner of any share capital which is owned indirectly and is part of the trading portfolio of the body corporate directly owning it.
Subsection (2) provides that you only consider something to be a 51% subsidiary if the parent company is beneficially entitled to more than 50% of profits on a distribution and more than 50% of assets on a winding-up.
Subsection (3) makes a number of definitions for the purposes of Section 13(7) and this Section:
Trading or holding company is a trading company or a company whose business is wholly or mainly the holding of shares in 90% subsidiaries which are trading companies.
Trading company is a company whose business is wholly or mainl the carrying on of a trade or trades.
A company is owned by a consortium if 75% or more of the ordinary share capital is beneficially owned by that company together with companies that beneficially own at least 5% of the ordinary share capital, that would be beneficially entitled to at least 5% of profits on a distribution, or would be beneficially entitled to at least 5% of assets on a winding up. In that instance, those companies are called the members of the consortium.
Subsection (4) provides that Schedule 18 to ICTA applies for the purposes of Subsection (2) and the provisions relating to the definition of a consortium in Subsection (3) as it applies for the purposes of Section 413(7) of ICTA (ie for the purposes of group relief.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 13 of the Finance Act 2005

This Sections sets the non-corporate distribution rate for the financial year beginning on 1 April 2005 at 19%.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 21A of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

This section provides that, except where expressly provided elsewhere in the Taxes Acts, the profits of a Schedule A business are computed in the same way as the profits of a trade are computed for the purposes of Case I of Schedule D.
The following sections therefore apply to the calculation of profits under Schedule A in the same way as they apply to the calculation of profits under Schedule D:
The following provisions apply in accordance with subsection (1)-
* Section 72 (apportionment);
* the provisions of Chapter V of Part IV (computational provisions relating to the Schedule D charge), except as mentioned below;
* Section 577 (business entertainment expenses);
* Section 577A (expenditure involving crime);
* Sections 579 and 580 (redundancy payments);
* Section 588 (training courses for employees);
* Section 589A (counselling services for employees);
* Section 73(2) of the Finance Act 1988 (consideration for restrictive undertakings);
* Section 43 of the Finance Act 1989 (deductions in respect of certain emoluments);
* Sections 42 and 46(1) and (2) of the Finance Act 1998 (provisions as to computation of profits and losses).
* Sections |196, 196A, 197, 198, 199 and 200 of the Finance Act 2004 (registered pension schemes);
* Section 246 of the Finance Act 2004 (employer-financed retirement benefits schemes).
Section 74(1)(d) ICTA (disallowance of provisions for future repairs) applies in relation to a Schedule A business as if the reference to premises occupied for the purposes of the trade were to premises held for the purposes of the Schedule A business.
The following provisions that do apply for Schedule D purposes do not, however, apply for Schedule A:
* Section 87 (treatment of premiums taxed as rent), and
* Section 98 (tied premises: receipts and expenses treated as those of trade).
Part 1 of Schedule 22 to the Finance Act 2001 (deduction for capital expenditure on remediation of contaminated land) applies in accordance with subsection (1), and the other Parts of that Schedule (further provision as to relief for remediation of contaminated land) have effect in relation to a Schedule A business in accordance with their provisions.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 13AB of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

This Section introduces the non-corporate distribution rate.
The Section (and, indeed, all the non-corporate distribution rate provisions) apply to any accounting period in which the company makes one or more non-corporate distributions and the company's underlying rate of corporation tax is lower than the non-corporate distribution rate.
Where this Section applies, the company is taxed at the non-corporate distribution rate on an amount of its profits chargeable to corporation tax that are matched with a non-corporate distribution, and at the company's underlying rate on any remaining profits.
The non-corporate distribution rate is such rate as Parliament may from time to time determine.
This Section also introduces Schedule A2 to ICTA, which contains the detailed rules for the non-corporate distribution régime, and also definitions of terms such as "underlying rate" and "non-corporate distribution".
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 13A of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

Section 13A of ICTA defines close investment-holding company for the purposes of Section 13(1) and Section 13AA(8) of ICTA. The effect of those Sections is that a close investment-holding company is always taxed at the full rate of corporation tax (currently 30%).
A close investment-holding company is any close company that does not fall within Subsection (2).
A close company falls within Subsection (2) for an accounting period if throughout that accounting period it exists wholly or mainly for one of these purposes:
* to carry on a trade or trades on a commercial basis;
* to make investments in land, except where the land is let or to be let to a person connected with the company or a relative of a person connected to the company;
* to hold shares and securities, or to make loans to a qualifying company (see below) which is controlled by or controls the company and itself wholly or mainly for the purpose of holding share or securities or making loans to one or more qualifying companies;
* to co-ordinate the administration of two or more qualifying companies'
* to help a trade or trades carried on by one or more qualifying companies or by a company which has control of the company;
* to make investments as described in the second point above by one or more qualifying companies or by a company that controls the company.
A qualifying company is a company controlled by the company being considered, or which controls that company and which exists wholly or mainly for one of the first two purposes listed above.
A company that is being wound up is not treated as a close investment-holding company in its first accounting period of the winding-up if it wasn't a close investment-holding company in the last accounting period before the start of the winding-up.
Control is construed as for Section 416 of ICTA, relative has the meaning given by Section 839(8) of ICTA and Section 839 in full, which describes what is meant by "connected person" applies to this Section.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 13 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988
## Small companies' rate

Where a company, which is not a close investment-holding company has basic profits (ie profits chargeable to corporation tax) below £300,000 divided by one plus the number of its associates it may claim to be taxed at the small companies' rate.

## Marginal relief

Where such a company has basic profits between £300,000 divided by one plus the number of its associates and £1,500,000 divided by one plus the number of its associates, it may reduce its profits by such fraction as Parliament may from time to time decide multiplied by:
       $(M-P)xI/P$
Where:
    M is £1,500,000 divided by one plus the number of associates
    P is the amount of profits (see definition below)
    I is the amount of basic profits, ie profits chargeable to corporation tax
The figures of £1,500,000 and £300,000 referred to above are proportionately reduced when applied to an accounting period shorter than 12 months.

## Associated companies

An associated company which has no trade or business during the accounting period (or part whereof that it is associated) is ignored in the above calculation. Companies are associated if at a given time one has control of the other, or both are under common control. Control is construed here in accordance with Section 416 of ICTA.
A company is treated as associated with another for the whole accounting period, even if it is associated for only part of an accounting period.

## Profits

Profits for the purposes of this section (except for basic profits) is taken as having a special meaning. It is:
    Profits chargeable to corporation tax; plus
    franked investment income ("FII") (ie dividends from UK companies multiplied by 10/9), except for FII received from a UK-resident company which is:
       a 51% subsidiary of the receiving company, or a 51% subsidiary og a company of which the receiving company is a 51% subsidiary; or
       a trading or holding company not taken out of this definition (see below) and which is owned by a consortium the members of which include the receiving company.
Section 13ZA of ICTA has further interpretative provisions in respect of this.
The bit taken out of this definition referred to above applies where the company distributing the FII is a 75% subsidiary of another company or when arrangements are in place whereby the paying company could become a 75% subsidiary.

## FII received in trust, etc

Subsection (8AB) provides that FII received by a company includes FII received by another person on behalf of or on trust for the company, but not to any FII received by the company on behalf of or on trust for another person.
# Taxation in the United Kingdom/Legislation/Section 148 of the Finance Act 2003

A company has a permanent establishment in a territory if, and only if:
* it has a fixed place of business there through which the business of the company is wholly or partly carried on, or
* an agent acting on behalf of the company has and habitually exercises there authority to do business on behalf of the company.
For this purpose a "fixed place of business" includes:
* a place of management;
* a branch;
* an office;
* a factory;
* a workshop;
* an installation or structure for the exploration of natural resources;
* a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources;
* a building site or construction or installation project.
A company is not regarded as having a permanent establishment in a territory by reason of the fact that it carries on business there through an agent of independent status acting in the ordinary course of his business. Also, a company is not regarded as having a permanent establishment in a territory by reason of the fact that:
* a fixed place of business is maintained there for the purpose of carrying on activities for the company, or
* an agent carries on activities there for and on behalf of the company,
if, in relation to the business of the company as a whole, the activities carried on are only of a preparatory or auxiliary character, which is taken to include:
* the use of facilities for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the company;
* the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the company for the purpose of storage, display or delivery;
* the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the company for the purpose of processing by another person;
* purchasing goods or merchandise, or collecting information, for the company.

## References

* ↑ Section 148 of the Finance Act 2003
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Prgm

prgm executes any other program located in the calculator's memory. For example, if you created a program called "PROGRAM1", to execute in in another program, you would type:
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Repeat

The syntax for the "Repeat" command is as follows: Repeat condition. The program executes the command between Repeat and End until the condition is true. The condition is tested when End is encountered, therefore, the commands are always executed at least once. The Repeat command is similar to the While command except that the While command executes while condition is true and tests when While is encountered. Following are examples showing the differences in output of similar Repeat and While commands:
Repeat Program
The output of this program is the single character 0.
While Program
The output of this program is the characters 0 and 1.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Stop

Stop PRGM:CTL:F
This command ends the program and returns to the TI operating system. It is optional to put Stop on the last line of a program.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Then

Then
This command is paired with a conditional command such as the If statement. Comparable to the DOS "do" command, this simply tells the calculator what to execute if a certain statement is true.
Because of the inefficiency and redundancy of this command, it is often excluded in order to save space. In such cases the code is written
This format works in nearly all cases.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Output

The Output function is used for displaying values or strings on the home screen. Output will override anything that the displayed characters may overlap with that is previously on the screen.
* Where row is the vertical positioning of the output. A value of 1 prints on the first row, etc.
* Where column is the horizontal positioning of the output. A value of 1 prints on the first column, etc.
* Where "text" or value is the text or value to be displayed to the screen.
    Output(2,6,"WIKIBOOKS")
In this example, the calculator would display WIKIBOOKS at 2 rows down (from the top of the screen) and 6 columns over (from the left of the screen). Notice that to display a string, the string must be enclosed in quotation marks. Make sure to separate values of row column and display value with commas.

## Notes

* To display a numerical value, do NOT place quotes around the value, as it is not a string.
* Only one value can be displayed per Output statement.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Pt-On

Pt-On(X,Y TI Basic programming instruction, accessed from within the program editor by pressing 2nd+PRGM+Right+Enter. Plots a single point at the X and Y coordinates, using the default (user-set) or program specified Window and Zoom settings. Unofficial usage of function (not specified in TI manual): Pt-On(X,Y,Z Plots a point at the location specified by X and Y. Meaning of Z: If Z is 1, a normal point is plotted If Z is 2, a 'square' point is plotted If Z is 3, a 'cross' point is plotted This function is particularly useful for games, where you may need bigger points and do not want to use multiple Pt-On instructions. If you have ever changed Stat options, the points that are plotted by this function are the three types that can be used for scatter plots.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Text

Text( TI Basic command, accessed from the Draw menu (2nd+PRGM) Usage:
Outputs text specified by Expr (which can be a String/Numeric variable or formula) on the Graph screen in small font. Position is specified by Y and X (notice that Y comes before X!). Y values can be from 0-57, and X values can be from 0-94, even though if the character(s) generated by the expression do not fit on the screen they will be skipped, therefore 91 is the highest value that you should practically use for X. Note that the values used for X and Y are top-left pixel value of the start of the text rectangle, same values can be used in Pxl-On and similar commands. The Y limit is 57 instead of the usual 62 to allow space below the location to output letters (The height of small font letters is 5 pixels, 62-57=5).
Unofficial use (not shown in TI Manual):
Same as Text(, except it outputs the characters generated by Expr to the Graph in large letters that you see on the home screen. Note that in this case, the Y value range is limited to 0-56 instead of the usual 0-57.
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/Mathematical Finance Programming

TI-BASIC is a simple programming language used on Texas Instruments graphing calculators. This module shows you how to program some standard financial calculations:

## TI-BASIC programs
### Ito's lemma

Let's begin defining a stochastic process through its Ito's definition:
So for our TI-calculator, a diffusion process formally defined by:
$dS=f(S,t)dt+g(S,t)dW$
is defined by a set of two terms:
For an exponential brownian motion, we define:
Now we want to use Ito's lemma on functions of $S$ and $t$:
This can now be used to apply Ito's lemma to $\ln(S)$:
this tell us that:
$d\ln(S)=\left(m-{1 \over 2}\sigma ^{2}\right)dt+\sigma dW,\;{\rm {when}}\;dS=mSdt+\sigma SdW$

### Black-Scholes Equation

Now we can try to prove the Black-Scholes equation.
Define a portfolio with an option and $\Delta$ shares of $S$:
and apply Ito's lemma to obtain $d\Pi$:
we now want to nullify the stochastic part of $d\Pi$ by chosing an appropriate value for $\Delta$:
we now know that the correct value for $\Delta$ is:
$\Delta ={\partial V(S,t) \over \partial S}$
On another side, we have:
$d\Pi =r\Pi dt=r(V(S,t)-\Delta \cdot S)dt$
which leads us to the equation:
$(\partial _{t}V+{1 \over 2}\sigma ^{2}S^{2}\partial _{S}^{2}V)dt=r(V(S,t)-\Delta S)dt$
At first we need to replace $\Delta$ by its value into $d\Pi$, and then equalize with
and now we've got the Black-Schole Differential Equation into the variable BS_equation[1]!
# TI-Basic Z80 Programming/List of Commands/Pause

Pause pauses a program until the user hits Enter.