OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nimrod Programming/Compiled language
## What's a compiled language?

Before knowing what that means we'll need a little insight on what happens inside a computer. Computers work with two numbers 0s and 1s, anything else is constructed using those. Now imagine for a moment you want to write an application, and small application can have thousands of those, so if we tried to write directly in binary (that's the name which receives those 0s and 1s) (indeed, possible) you should wish typing everything perfect because only one number not in place would make the application misbehave (if it worked at all), so writing in binary it's something not thought about. So if we don't write directly computer's language, how we do to talk to the computer? Well let's consider this: your friend receives a letter in English but he doesn't know English, let's say he's German (yes, a German who does not know English) what you would do? You could do two things: either rewrite it in German or translate the letter directly in front of him.

### Interpret

In computer science taking the letter and translating it directly to your friend it's known as interpreting. Just as you would do with your friend a program (called interpreter) translates those sentences to the computer and executes them, this is done when you need to execute the program. The languages which interpret are called interpreted languages.

### Compile

However, rewriting the letter it's known as compiling. The program which translates from the language you can understand (called source code) to the so called binary code or machine code is called compiler, what's more, languages which use a compiler are called compiled languages.

### Interpret vs Compile

So which it's better? None of those. "Why?" you may be asking, in computer science there's not always a "better", the fact that you choose one or another depends on what you want to achieve. Interpreted languages are generally slower when executed but in turn they don't need that phase of translating everything from source code to machine code (which can be really slow!) and they normally offer some features which make them easier.
# Nimrod Programming/Print version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Nimrod_Programming
# Nimrod Programming/IfExtended
## Else...

So we know how to use the if command to it's fully extent, now it's time to continue learning. Let's take again the slave example. We want our slave to make coffee if there's not and there's coffee. But you know our slave is a dumb one and won't tell us he could not make coffee, so what then? we could consider this:
Well, that would do the trick but, I'm not happy with it, if we changed the first condition you should change the second too (when programming the lesser you must change the better) and anyway, it adds unnecessary clutter so I propose this:
So what we did here is add what we call an else clause, what this clause does is to execute the code it has when the if fails. Contrary to the if it has no condition as is executed always ( when the if fails, remember).
So here it will execute always something wither the code inside the if or the code inside the else.
There's something more I have to teach you about this, so let's return to the slave example. Our slave reports us we don't have coffee, but let's get an step further and since there's a coffee shop near our house ( or mansion, after all we already have a slave :) ), and we want him/her to go and buy coffee provided we have enough money:
Hmm, now we have two strange things there, that elif thing and the fact we have two actions after the if ( until now we only had one ). We will leave the later for next chapter. So that elif word is the sum of else and if ( indeed elif means ELse IF ), so what this does is to execute the actions inside the elif provided that that it's condition is met. That last piece of code would read: if there's enough code make some coffee, if there's not but there's some money then buy coffee and make some coffee, finally, if there's neither enough money nor enough coffee' then report the slave couldn't make coffee. If you want to know how much important are the elif and else clauses here's the se code without them ( translated the elifs and elses to ifs):
As you can see we can use only ifs, this program would behave exactly like the one without ifs. Now what are you losing here is readability ( something very important because it is said people write code once but read it lots of times ), also there's an implicit rule of programming broken here: repeat yourself as less as possible, this is this way because if you want to change something like the if clause in this example and you have it everywhere even though you might replace , it's still better not to do so as replace might do you a pair of bad jokes.
# Nimrod Programming/First steps
## First steps, hello world!

So here we are let's start with our very first program. In programming languages it's been a tradition to start by writing an example of the language which displays in the console ."Hello world!", and it would be like this in Nimrod:
echo ("Hello world!")
Now the parenthesis aren't really necessary
Easy, isn't it? If you want to try it just save it to a file with extension .nim (e.g: helloworld.nim) and then compile it, for doing this open a terminal, and issue in the terminal:
cd "yourPath"
Then type:
nim c "filename"
This command will make it compile, then will execute it (that's the job of the "-r" argument), when this is done you'll see in the console "Hello world!".

### Understanding and extending

But how we did that? Basically we told the PC to print "Hello world!" by writing "echo" (which is what we call a function) and then telling what we wanted to print out if we wanted we could made it write other things:
echo ("It's a good day!")
But we are not limited to one expression we can put as many of them as we want:
echo ("It's a good day!")
echo ("Hello world!")
Compile this (just as we did earlier) and it'll print out into the console:
It's a good day!
Hello world!
# Mass Media/Authors

* Original Author: AmishThrasher 06:29, 22 September 2005 (UTC)
* Principal Author:
* Chief Contributor of Images:

## Contributors

(In Alphabetical Order - please sign using four '~')
* Mbrickn (discuss • contribs) 05:34, 21 June 2022 (UTC)

## Wikipedia

The following Wikipedia articles were used as a basis for material used in this book:
* Mass media
# Marxism, Communism, and Socialism
## Table of Contents

* Origins of Marxism
* Historical Materialism
* Marxist Economics

## Citations and Referances

* Socialism, Utopian and Scientific - Frederick Engels, March 1880
* The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon - Karl Marx, March 1852
* Manifesto of the Communist Party - Karl Marx, February 21, 1848.
* The State and Revolution - Vladimir Lenin, 1918.
* Annotations - A Website of a Marxist economist who analyzes Marx's major economic texts line by line.
# Markup Languages/POD and Wikitext/Example/POD

A quick copy of the POD for the POD doc perlpod.
# Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door/Special Moves
## Sweet Treat

* Crystal Star Received: N/A
* Power Obtained: Prologue
* What It Does: Replenishes HP and FP.
* To use power: Tilt the control stick repeatedly. Watch out for the Poison Mushrooms!
* Power Needed: 1

## Earth Tremor

* Crystal Star Received: Diamond Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 1
* What It Does: If successful, this power creates earthquakes against all enemies.
* To use power: Press A as the stars light up.
* Power Needed: 2

## Clock Out

* Crystal Star Received: Emerald Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 2
* What It Does: If successful, puts enemies to sleep temporarily.
* To use power: If the A, B or X buttons appear above the enemy, tap the button above the enemy to fill the gauge.
* Power Needed: 2

## Power Lift

* Crystal Star Received: Gold Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 3
* What It Does: Boosts attack and defense power for a short time.
* To use power: Choose the attack and defense arrows using the control stick and the Action command. Just watch out for the poison mushrooms.
* Power Needed: 3

## Art Attack

* Crystal Star Received: Ruby Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 4
* What It Does: Circles around enemies and does unlimited damage.
* To use power: Use the control stick to circle around the enemy during battle.
* Power Needed: 4

## Sweet Feast

* Crystal Star Received: Sapphire Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 5
* What It Does: Much like Sweat Treat,but you'll replenish a lot more HP and FP.
* To use power: Tilt the control stick repeatedly. Watch out for the Poison Mushrooms!
* Power Needed: 5

## Showstopper

* Crystal Star Received: Garnet Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 6
* What It Does: If successful, destroys weak enemies in a single blow!
* To use power: Press the buttons that appear on the screen.
* Power Needed: 2

## Supernova

* Crystal Star Received: Crystal Star
* Power Obtained: Chapter 7
* What It Does: Does a whole lot of damage to all enemies.
* To use power: Just press the A button repeatedly.
* Power Needed: 6
# Papermaking

PAPERMAKING
Chapters
* History of paper
* Raw materials
** Fibres for paper
** Water
** Fillers and retention
** Colours and whiteness
** Sizing and wet strength
* Paper production
** Waste paper preparation
** Fibre and auxiliary chemicals preparation
** Paper machine
** Wet end
** Press section
** Dryer section
** Finishing
** Process control
* Types of paper
** Graphic papers
** Packaging papers
** Hygienic papers
** Special papers
* Paper properties
* Paper usage
* Ecology of papermaking
* Alternatives for paper
* External links and afterword
This book will describe paper in all its aspects, beginning with the history of paper. The main focus will be on the production of paper, and what kind of paper exist and what their use is. Ecology of paper making and alternatives for paper making will be part of the book as well.

## Importance of paper

The invention of paper was of high importance for the social development of the humankind. Keeping information, especially for contractual obligations, was vital for the development of trade. Governing a country or an empire became so much easier, when laws and instructions could be written on paper (or any other information carrier) and could be distributed throughout the country or empire.
Without paper, the reformation (a religious movement in the 16th century led by Marten Luther and John Calvin) would not have been possible. One of the most important reasons the reformation could succeed is the fact that the bible was no longer exclusively for the religious clergy, the ordinary people could have access to God's words. Paper as information carrier lead to education, which helped to develop communities and industry.
There used to be alternatives for paper, but none of them was so cheap and accessible in such huge quantities as paper.
| The Gutenberg Bible, one of the first printed books | Old books in a library. |
# Papermaking/Colours and whiteness

Which material can use for getting whiteness in paper making with sludge?
# Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door/Party Members
## Goombella

Goombella is the first party member to join.
* Headbonk (0 FP)
* Tattle (0 FP) - Tattle reveals information about enemies, and can be used in the field to get information about a particular area.
* Multi-bonk (3 FP)
* Rally Wink (4 FP)

## Koops

* Shell Toss (0 FP)
* Power Shell (3 FP)
* Shell Shield (4 FP)
* Shell Slam (6 FP)

## Flurrie

* Body Slam (0 FP)
* Gale Force (4 FP)
* Lip Lock (3 FP)
* Dodgy Fog (4 FP)

## Yoshi

* Ground Pound (0 FP)
* Gulp (4 PF)
* Mini-Egg (3 PF)
* Stampede (6 FP)

## Vivian

* Shade Fist (0 FP)
* Veil (1 FP)
* Fiery Jinx (6 FP)
* Infatuate (4 FP)

## Bobbery

* Bomb (0 FP)
* Bomb Squad (3 FP)
* Hold Fast (4 FP)
* Bob-Ombast (9 FP)

## Ms. Mowz

Ms. Mowz is an optional party member, but can be useful in some situations.
* Slap (0 FP)
* Kiss Thief (2 FP)
* Tease (3 FP)
* Smooch (10 FP)
# Meitei Culture/Sex & Gender

The two primary genders in traditional Meitei culture is male and female, derived from the concepts of Father Sky (Sky God) and Mother Earth (Earth Goddess).
Meitei society is predominantly male dominated in nature. However, women are given great liberty in comparison to other cultures.
One of the classical example is the "Ima Keithel" (meaning "Mothers' Market"), which is exclusively administered by Meitei womenfolk, where no man is allowed to sell anything inside the marketplace. This major commercial hub is located in the metropolis of Imphal, controlled by Meitei women.
The culture of treating women with respect and honour is derived from the worship of goddesses and divine ladies in traditional Meitei religion (known as "Sanamahism" or "Lainingthouism" in modern days).
Third gender is given due recognition in traditional Meitei society. However, their occupation is limited. They are traditionally most possibly supposed to become a priest, to be in service of the gods. This doesn't mean that priestly works are to be done by only them.
Other than male priests ("maiba" or "amaiba" in Meitei) and the female priests ("maibi" or "amaibi" in Meitei), there is a special category of transgender priests known as "nupa maibi" (literally meaning "male priestess" or "male nun" in Meitei, showing the characteristics of both male and female).
Second most possible occupation that a transgender is traditionally supposed to do, other than confining to religious works, is becoming an actor in the traditional Meitei courtyard theatre industry, calling "Shumang Kumhei" (also known as "Shumang Kummei" or "Shumang Leela"). Again, this doesn't mean that all the Shumang Kumhei actors are transgenders, as many are heterosexual straight males, and in special cases, female actors (actresses) also work.
These two mentioned traditional occupations are still in prevalence in present times. However, their scope of works are expanded to a greater extend.
In modern era, Meitei transgenders are best known for dominating the field of costume designing, beauty parlor and make-up. And this creates a popular stereotype (or misconception) among the masses that such fashion related jobs should be done only by the transgenders.
# Meitei Culture/Religion

The traditional ethnic religion of the Meiteis is referred to as Sanamahism (or Sanamahi religion), named after Meitei God "Lainingthou Sanamahi", in present day world. During the latter part of the 20th century, it was also used to be called Lainingthouism (meaning, Lainingthou religion). Its common name is Meiteism (or Meitei religion). For being an indigenous religion of Kangleipak (old name of Manipur), it is also known as Kangleism (or Kanglei religion). Lainingthou Sanamahi (or simply Sanamahi) is considered to be the most important god among the countless deities of its pantheon.

## Sections

Priesthood, Rituals, Calendar, Cults, Funerals
# Memorizing the Hiragana/Print version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Memorizing_the_Hiragana

# Dakuten

Dakuten ( ﾞ ) and Handakuten ( ﾟ ) are marks placed after certain hiragana that modify the way the consonant is pronounced. These marks indicate that the consonant of the syllable should be voiced.
| normal | with dakuten ( ﾞ ) | with handakuten ( ﾟ ) |
| か = ka | が = ga |
| さ = sa | ざ = za |
| た = ta | だ = da |
| は = ha | ば = ba | ぱ = pa |

##### Exceptions

"Shi" (し) turns into "Ji" (じ) "Chi" (ち) also turns into "Ji" (ぢ) "Tsu" (つ) turns into "Zu" (づ)

## Iteration marks

Iteration marks ( ゝ) indicate that a sound is to be repeated. Iteration marks can also be combined with dakuten.
| normal | with iteration ( ゝ ) | with dakuten iteration ( ゞ ) |
| す = su | すゝ = susu | すゞ = suzu |

## Sokuon

Sokuon (っ) is a symbol consisting of a small Tsu (compare with normal Tsu: つっ). It is used to insert a slight pause.
For example: うた = song うった = hard
The Sokuon gives a pause to make a meaningful sound.

## Chōonpu

Chōonpu (ー) is a symbol used to indicate a long vowel sound. Long vowels can also be written by using the corresponding vowel hiragana.
| normal | with chōonpu ( ー ) | is the same as |
| ぷ = pu | ぷー = puu | ぷう = puu |

# Easy Quiz

Note
* All questions are to be answered using the English equivalent of the hiragana (e.g. ha, ru, shi etc.)
* Please answer using only lowercase letters

# Hard Quiz

Note
* All questions are to be answered using the English equivalent of the hiragana (e.g. shi, zu, ji etc.)
* Please answer using only lowercase letters
# Memorizing the Hiragana/Dakuten

Dakuten ( ﾞ ) and Handakuten ( ﾟ ) are marks placed after certain hiragana that modify the way the consonant is pronounced. These marks indicate that the consonant of the syllable should be voiced.
| normal | with dakuten ( ﾞ ) | with handakuten ( ﾟ ) |
| か = ka | が = ga |
| さ = sa | ざ = za |
| た = ta | だ = da |
| は = ha | ば = ba | ぱ = pa |

##### Exceptions

"Shi" (し) turns into "Ji" (じ) "Chi" (ち) also turns into "Ji" (ぢ) "Tsu" (つ) turns into "Zu" (づ)

## Iteration marks

Iteration marks ( ゝ) indicate that a sound is to be repeated. Iteration marks can also be combined with dakuten.
| normal | with iteration ( ゝ ) | with dakuten iteration ( ゞ ) |
| す = su | すゝ = susu | すゞ = suzu |

## Sokuon

Sokuon (っ) is a symbol consisting of a small Tsu (compare with normal Tsu: つっ). It is used to insert a slight pause.
For example: うた = song うった = hard
The Sokuon gives a pause to make a meaningful sound.

## Chōonpu

Chōonpu (ー) is a symbol used to indicate a long vowel sound. Long vowels can also be written by using the corresponding vowel hiragana.
| normal | with chōonpu ( ー ) | is the same as |
| ぷ = pu | ぷー = puu | ぷう = puu |
# Memorizing the Hiragana/Easy Quiz

Note
* All questions are to be answered using the English equivalent of the hiragana (e.g. ha, ru, shi etc.)
* Please answer using only lowercase letters
# Meitei Culture/Slavery

Slavery in Meitei civilization were not confined on a permanent basis. If any slave wants to quit his/her profession, they are free to do so as there is no force, but on certain terms and conditions (usually a contractual timing), of their masters or mistresses.
Marriages of slaves to their masters or mistresses usually don't happen in traditional Meitei society.
# Memorizing the Hiragana
## Synopsis

This book aims to help the learner memorize the Japanese Hiragana characters through use of mnemonic diagrams.

## Contents

* The Vowels
* The K line
* The S line
* The T line
* The N line
* The H line
* The M line
* The Y line
* The R line
* The W line
* Dakuten and other marks
* Easy quiz
* Hard quiz

## Related books

* Memorizing the Katakana
# Memorizing the Hiragana/Hard Quiz

Note
* All questions are to be answered using the English equivalent of the hiragana (e.g. shi, zu, ji etc.)
* Please answer using only lowercase letters
# Memorizing the Katakana/Tough characters

Several katakana look similar and may cause confusion. These are:

## シ and ン

シ and ン can be thought of as smiley faces looking towards the right. The character with both eyes is a shi (she), while the character with one eye has a nice eyepatch. The short strokes on the top slant towards the right, while the same strokes for ツ and ソ slant downwards.

## ツ and ソ

ツ and ソ can be thought of as rating systems for waves at a beach. The short lines represent the rating (or people on the beach) and the long line is the coast. A rating of 2 short stokes means tsunami, and two people are running away. A rating of 1 short stroke means soft or so-so waves, with a single person relaxing on the beach.

## ウ and ワ

ウ, the umbrella, has a ferrule on its top while ワ, the flipped over wagon, does not.

## ヲ and ヨ

ヲ, the (World Wor Won), is rounded like a hand-written 3. ヨ, the gangster YO! is angular and has a small line extending on the bottom.

## ケ and ク

In ケ, the cane (ke), the second stroke (representing the arm) extends over the cane. In ク, the cup (ku) handle is smooth.
# Memory Management
## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* History of Memory Management
* Terminology

### Basic Garbage Collection

* Manual Memory Management
* Garbage Collection
* Collector Performance

### Memory Allocation and Management

* Stacks and Heaps
* Pages and Superpages
* Valid Pointer Detection
* Memory Compacting

### Garbage Collectors

* Cooperative GC
* Uncooperative GC
* Hybrid Collector Theory

### Parallelism and Concurrency

* Threading and Concurrency Problems
* Thread-Local Storage
* Object Producers and Consumers
* Multithreaded Collectors

## Resources and Licensing

* Resources
* Licensing
# Memory Management/Introduction

Memory management is the task of allocating, using, and freeing memory in a computer system. In this book, we will talk about memory management, including allocators and garbage collectors.
# Memory Management/Cooperative GC
## Cooperative Collectors

Cooperative collectors are collectors that require the rest of the system to participate in the collector's operation, such as with reference counting. These collectors spread the bookkeeping effort throughout the system and don't require a separate mark or sweep phase. These separate GC phases often require the rest of the program to come to a complete stop temporarily, which can create intolerable pauses in program operation. Cooperative collectors don't have these pauses.
# Pinyin/Infection

Search infection
# Pinyin/Infectious

See also
# Pinyin/Infinite

See also
# Pinyin/Infected

See also
# Pinyin/Infectious disease

Search Pinyin disease
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases of animals that can cause disease when transmitted to humans.
chuarnraan-bihng shì zhìbìng weishengwuh yǐnqǐ d, lìrú xihjun, bìngdú, jìshēngchóng huò zhenjun; jíbìng kě zhíjiē huò jiànjiē dy zài rén yǔ rén zhījiān chuarnbo. Rén-chù-gòng-huàn jíbìng shì dòngwù d chuánrǎnbìng, zài chuarnbo gěi rénlèi shí yě kě yǐnqǐ jíbìng.
# Pinyin/Inflame

See also
# Pinyin/Influenza

see also
# Pinyin/Infinite truth

Infinite Truth
Truth is infinite,
human beings can not
fully know the truth,
and can only gradually
understand the truth in practice.
Wúxiàn de Zhēnlǐ
Zhēnlǐ shì wúxiàn de,
rénlèi bù kěnéng
wánquán rènshí zhēn​​lǐ,
zhǐnéng zài shíjiàn zhōng
zhúbù liǎojiě zhēnlǐ.
# Pinyin/Defected

Search Pinyin defect
# Pinyin/Degree
## Noun

* degree is the amount or level of something.
** duhshuh shih moouwuh d liahng huoh cherngduh.
# Pinyin/Defect

Search Pinyin defect
# Pinyin/Defend

See also
# Pinyin/Declare

See also
# Pinyin/Deep Valley

See also
# Pinyin/Deep vein thrombosis

See also
# Pinyin/Defence

Search defence
# Pinyin/Decrease

See also
# Pinyin/Write

See also