OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scriptapedia/Elephant
### Context and Purpose

This script is used to introduce group model building participants to the concept of system dynamics. The purpose of the script is to provide a universal and easy to understand metaphor for complex systems.

### Status

Under development

### Primary nature of group task

Presentation

### Time

* Preparation time: 5 minutes
* Time required during session: 5 minutes

### Materials

Paper or electronic image of elephant

### Inputs

Diagram of elephant

### Outputs

Familiarity with complex systems

### Roles

Facilitator with training in system dynamics or community based system dynamics

### Steps

* Before the session begins, display the image of the elephant on a screen or produce paper copies of the elephant image.
* The facilitator begins by stating “This exercise is intended to help us start thinking in terms of systems”
* The facilitator then passes out copies of the elephant image or directs people towards the projected image
* The facilitator explains that this image is based off an ancient parable, often referred to as the blind men and an elephant
* Participants are then asked if anyone has seen or heard of the story before, if participants have heard of it they are invited to share out their version of the story
* The facilitator briefly shares what is going on in the image. Each blind person feels a different part of the elephant's body; and exclaims “It’s a spear, It’s a snake, It’s a wall, It’s a tree stump, It’s a fan, It’s a rope”.
* Participants are asked to share what they think the image means
* Facilitator then affirms participants statements and clarifies as needed
* Facilitator then relates the image back to the purpose of the group model building by stating, “We all see components of a system and often the entire picture or system is complex, through the activities today we hope to gain a more complete view of our system as it relates to _______ (topic)”.
* Participants are told they can keep image of elephant if they like.

### Evaluation Criteria

* Participants identify sub-components of the larger “elephant” system
* Participants are engaged and share their own interpretations of the parable
* Participants relate elephant metaphor to the complex problem they are currently modeling

### Authors

Peter Hovmand

### History

The parable of the blind men and an elephant dates back to ancient Indian and Buddhist text. It was first used in a system dynamics context by Peter Hovmand in his introduction of system dynamics to students at Washington University in St. Louis.

### Revisions

Kelly Connor, 2017

### References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_men_and_an_elephant

### Notes

The script is mostly a presentation, but interactive in nature and an important function of this script is to engage participants in thinking about systems and share their interpretation of the parable.
# Scriptapedia/Empirically Testing Scripts

In scripts, the section "Evaluation Criteria" indicates "how would someone using this script for the first time know if they have done the script correctly". (Hovmand, Rouwette, Andersen, Richardson, Calhoun, Rux & Hower, 2011). There are currently many ways to evaluate the outcomes of the script overall, from creating a list of variables to reaching group consensus.
In addition, scripts can be tested by units (e.g. creating a Causal Loop Diagram as a group vs doing individually). Based on Cresswell & Miller (2000) and Anderson, Vennix,
Richardson (1997), here are some ways scripts and the use of scripts can be tested:
A) Evaluation of Process Interactions
I) Consensus (Within group)
II) Communication (Level of participation within
heterogeneous group)
B) Evaluation of Artefact
I) Diversity (Is the description thick? Is it complex?)
II) Clarity (Is the implicit made explicit?)
III) Validity (Externally/ Internally validated? Triangulation? Is it refutable?)
IV) Reliability (Replicable?)
C) Evaluation of effects on participants
I) Effects of framing (Have the views or attitudes or feelings of problem shifted? Where
there new insights? Were there endogenous factors that were surprising or initially
thought of as exogenous? Do the respondents or parti
cipants understand loops?)
II) Satisfaction
III) Efficient (time spent)
IV) Commitment (Empowerment, subsequent action)
D) Overall
I) Is it cumulative?
II) Where there unexpected results?
Andersen, D. F., Richardson, G. P., & Vennix, J. A. (1997). Group model building: adding more science to the craft.
Creswell, J. W., & Miller, D. L. (2000). Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into practice, 39(3), 124-130.
Hovmand, P., Rouwette, E. A. J. A., Andersen, D. F., Richardson, G. P., Calhoun, A., Rux, K., & Hower, T. (2011). Scriptapedia: a handbook of scripts for developing structured group model building sessions.
# Scriptapedia/Full-day workshop sample

This full-day workshop sample is based on a research project to apply community based group model building to the implementation of pediatric critical care in resource limited settings. The first day of workshops were conducted with two separate groups consisting of a group of hospital staff in leadership positions, and a second group of front line/ direct service staff in the pediatric care team. The second day of workshop included participants from both groups.

### Public Agenda - Day 1

| Activity | Outputs | Roles | Time |
| Welcome, Overview & Introductions | None | Meeting Convener – | 15 mins |
| Hopes & Fears (for the workshop) | Clusters of hopes and fears | Facilitator - Wall-builder – | 20 mins |
| Orientation to systems thinking | None | Presenter – | 30 mins |
| Presenting initial causal seed structure (based on workflow example) | None | Presenter – | 15 mins |
| Variable elicitation | List of variables | Facilitator – Wall-builder – | 40 min |
| Initiating and elaborating causal loop diagram | Causal Map | Facilitator – Modeler – | 55 mins |
| Closing | None | Facilitator – | 5 mins |
| Total | Total | Total | 3 hours |

### Public Agenda - Day 2 (Joint Workshop)

| Activity | Outputs | Roles | Time |
| Welcome and review of Day 1 | None | Reflector - | 15 mins |
| Presentation of synthesized qualitative model & review | List of main feedback loops and dynamics identified; List of insights gained from causal maps | Modeler – Reflector – Note-taker - | 40 mins |
| Presenting the concept model (simulating) | - | Presenter - | 15 mins |
| Causal mapping with concept model (different problem) | Causal map | Facilitator – Modeler – | 55 mins |
| Model Review | List of main feedback loops and dynamics identified; List of insights gained from new causal map | Modeler – Reflector - | 15 mins |
| Action ideas | List of action ideas | Facilitator – Wall-builder - | 30 mins |
| Dots (ranking) | Prioritized list of action ideas | Facilitator – | 10 mins |
| Reflection | List of key reflections/ insights gained by participants | Facilitator - | 20 mins |
| Next steps & closing | Immediate next steps/ action plan | Convener/ Closer – | 10 mins |
| Total | Total | Total | 3.5 hours |
# Wing Chun Forms

This book gives the steps for all six of the Wing Chun forms. There are training tips, applications for fighting, and other material, but the focus is on the steps of the forms.

## Target Audience

The target audience for this forms book is the Wing Chun student who is learning the forms from an instructor. It will also be useful for Jeet Kun Do students.
A PDF version of this book is planned, with hundreds of pictures. This may make the book useful even to students who do not have a live Wing Chun instructor.

## The Forms

* Siu Nim Tau (little idea)
* Chum Kiu (seeking the bridge)
* Bil Jie (thinking outside the box)
* Mook Yan Jong (wooden dummy)
* Lum Dim Bok Quan (pole)
* Ba Chun Do (sword)
These forms are from the Moy Yat lineage, through Don Green and Mark Messare.

## Authorship and Release

Steve Furlong wrote every word of the initial upload. Content is released to the public domain.
# Wine/Serving
## General

* Proper wine glasses help ensure a good drinking experience.
* Chill white or sparkling wine for at least 1 hour prior to serving. Decant red wines prior to guests' arrival.
* Wine charms can help guests distinguish their glasses. Alternatively, one may use marked wine glasses for the same purpose.

## Serving with cheese

* Serve cheese at room temperature; this brings out their fullest flavors.
* Arrange the food items 30-60 minutes before the guests arrive. Cheese should be brought out three hours before serving.
* Cover the platters with plastic wrap to keep them fresh, but remove just prior to serving.
* Leave space between cheeses to keep flavors from blending. On the same idea, each cheese should have its own knife or spreader.
# Wine/Types of Wines

Types of wine include:
* White wine - Wine made without the skin of the grape. Typically has a golden tinge of color.
* Red wine - Wine made with the skin of the grape. Sometimes it is also made with grapes which have naturally red juices.
* Rosé - Wine made with a portion of the grape skin. Typically a hue of pink.
* Brut wine - Wine with no or minimal added sugars.
* Dry wine - A moderately sweet wine.
* Doux or Sweet wine - A very sweet wine.
# Wine/Wine Regions
## Terroir

A number of regions worldwide are noted for their wine production. The unique environmental and social factors involved in a region's wine production are called Terroir by wine enthusiasts.
Because of this concept many wines associated with a region, especially wines that share a name with a region, are considered to only be true examples of that sort of wine if they originate there. For example, if one made "Champagne" on the moon, it would not be considered Champagne by many, and in many countries Champagne can only legally be called "Champagne" if it originated in the Champagne region of France.

## Europe
### France

* Champagne
* Burgandy
* Bordeaux
* Rhône

### Italy

* Tuscany
* Veneto

## North America
### United States

* Napa Valley
* Finger Lakes
* Lake Erie
# Wine/Wine Tasting and Evaluating
## Requirements

* 2-3 kinds of wines; 1 bottle for every 5-6 people.
* Serving tools:
** Guest: cocktail plates and napkins
** Serving: cheese boards, knives/slicers
* Tools to serve wine:
** Appropriate wine glasses; can be decorated with wine charms
** Corkscrew
** Wine bottle stoppers
# Wikimedia/Wikiquote

Wikiquote is a project of Wikimedia with many quotes. Wikiquote runs on the same software as Wikipedia, and is essentially a sister project. It is currently owned by the Wikimedia Foundation. Wikiquote is a collection of references or quotations from well-known people, movies, books, etc.
# Wikimedia/Wiktionary

Wiktionary is a multilingual free online dictionary. Wiktionary runs on the same software as Wikipedia, and is essentially a sister project. It is currently owned by the Wikimedia Foundation. The project was started in 2002 following a proposal by Daniel Alston. It was originally located at wiktionary.wikipedia.org, but was later moved to its current domain (http://www.wiktionary.org/). It currently has over 3 million entries in English alone and in total more than 7 million content pages.

## Read more

* The History of Wiktionary
* The Culture of Wiktionary
* The Wiktionary MOS
# Wikipage/Glossary
## Glossary
### Term 1

    Definition 1

### Term 2

    Definition 2

### Term 3

    Definition 3
The starting Wiki code for this page was generated by the Wikipage wizard using this book config on Wednesday, June 27, 2012.
# Wikimedia/Wikivoyage

Wikivoyage is a wiki dedicated to developing free travel guides.
# Wikimedia/Wikispecies

Wikispecies is a wiki that intents to be a directory of all species.
# Wikimedia/Wikiversity

Wikiversity hosts educational materials.
Wikiversity also includes several peer reviewed journals.
# Wikipage/Dedication
## Dedication

* Dedication
* For students of the 2007–2012 global financial crisis
The starting Wiki code for this page was generated by the Wikipage wizard using this book config on Wednesday, June 27, 2012.
# Wikipage/Cover Page
## Book Abstract

| Summary What is Wikipage? It is a wizard that generates Wiki code to supersize the speed of writing a Wikibook. This wizard is a feature in PlanoTse software. One click is all it takes to generate almost all of the content you see on this page. This book, Wikipage, shows you how to use the Wikipage Wizard in PlanoTse software. Latest News This book applies to version 0.0.66 of PlanoTse. | Reading Instruction To begin reading, select one: Book Abstract Cover Page Table of Contents Dedication How to Turn the Page Glossary   Enlarge this image and see how the Wikipage Wizard can make it easy for you to begin exploring a wikibook through the use of a tree view. | Reading Suggestions PlanoTse Handbook For basic concepts in PlanoTse, see PlanoTse Handbook for Job Search Automation. |
The starting Wiki code for this page was generated by the Wikipage wizard using this book config on Wednesday, June 27, 2012.
# The Computer Revolution/Databases/Cloud Databases
## Cloud Databases

A cloud database is a database that runs on cloud computing. Basically it is taking computing hardware and software and delivering them over a network (more than likely the Internet). The cloud database runs on two common models; one being that the user or users may run the data on the cloud independently or they pay a service provider to run the data on the cloud for them. Cloud data bases are either SQL based(Structured Query Language)or NoSQL. This type of technology allows users to access data from anywhere in the world at any given time, and since it is not all the data is stored at one central location but rather at many different servers around the world it makes accessing data much quicker.
* ↑ Subraya, Mallya. Prudent Cloud. 28 12 2010. Print. 08 11 2012.
# The Computer Revolution/Databases/Database Classifications

Database Classifications: Single-User vs. Multi-user Single-user databases are located on a single computer and are designed to be accessed by one user. Multi-user database systems may try to access and modify the same data at the same time. Database locking software takes place to prevent data changing at the same time. Client-server vs. N-tier Client-server consists of servers that supply resources to other computers which function as client devices. N-tier databases work slightly differently. While client-server database systems just have two parts, N-tier has at least one middle client (programs used with database, or middleware). Centralized vs. Distributed database system Centralized database systems are all located on a single computer, while distributed database systems have the data divided among several computers connected via a network. Disk-based vs. In-memory Disk-based databases store data on hard drives or removable disks. In-memory databases store data in the main memory of the computer.

### In-Memory Database

An in-memory database (IMDB, also known as Main Memory Database, or MMDB) stores all the data in the RAM of the computer as opposed to a hard drive. The advantage of an IMDB is faster performance (recall). The disadvantage is the potential loss of data in a power outage. Performing regular backups of IMDB’s is critical to ensure continuation of service if power is lost. Other methods of minimizing data loss include: using transaction logs, using non-volatile RAM, and complete database replication .
# The Computer Revolution/Databases/Entities and Entity Relationships

An entity is something of importance to a business or organization. When the entity is something an organization or business wants to store, it becomes a database table. There are three different relationships between entities. The first is one-to-one entity relationships. This exists when one entity is related to only one other entity of a particular type. For example, a business has multiple stores, each store location has a single manager, the relationship between store and manager is 1:1. The second relationship is one-to-many entity relationship. These are the most common relationships and exist when one entity can be related to more than one other entity. For example, if a supplier supplies more than one product to the company, the relationship between the supplier and the products is O:M. The last relationship is many-to-many entity relationship. This relationship exists when one entity can be related to multiple entities of the same type of the original entity. For example, if an order can contain multiple products and one product can appear on many orders, the relationship between orders and products is M:M.
# The Computer Revolution/Cyber Villains

Hacker- 1. A hacker is someone who creates and modifies computer software and computer hardware, including computer programming, administration, and security-related items. 2. People who gain unauthorized access to computers or networks, often just for the challenge of it.
3. Thrill-seeker hacker: hackers who illegally access computer systems for the challenge of it. 4. White-hat hacker: Professionals who break into computer systems and networks with the knowledge of their owners to expose security flaws that can then be fixed.
Crackers- Malicious hackers, who break into computers for malicious purposes. 4 types of Crackers
* Hacktivists: people who break into a computer system for a politically or socially motivated purpose
* Black-hat hacker: those who break into computer systems to steal or destroy information or to use it for illegal profit.
* Cyberterrorists: Politically motivated person who attacks computer systems so as to bring physical or financial harm to a lot of people or destroy a lot of information.
* Hacker-Victim: Someone who was targeted by hacker(s) and seeks to inflict the pain that was done to them.
# The Computer Revolution/Databases/Data Warehouses

Data Warehouses are a large and specialized form of a database that is used to store a company's data in a form that can be easily updated and analyzed. It contains data from transaction data, but it can include data from other sources. It separates analysis workload from transaction workload and enables an organization to consolidate data from several sources. With the advent of the data warehouse the need for heaps of physical records in innumerable filing cabinets largely ceased. No longer to modify physical paper records one by one, or to sort through masses of records to arrive at the data required. Data warehouses can perform all of the complex queries and data mining that a regular database can.
There are several characteristics of data warehousing that were created by William Inmon. These characteristics include: Subject Oriented, Nonvolatile, Integrated, and Time Variant.
Subject Oriented The way that you analyze data basing off of a subject, such as sales for a company, makes it a subject oriented data warehouse.
Nonvolatile This characteristic simply means that once data is entered, it shouldn't be changed or removed. This makes sense because this will let you analyze all collected data.
Integrated This is similar to subject oriented in the way that it handles subject material, except things such as inconsistencies and name errors must be fixed. This needs to be done so that it can be integrated correctly in the system.
Time Variant Time variant means that the data warehouse focuses on changes over time, such as from old data to new data.
# The Computer Revolution/Databases/Data mining

Data Mining is a process that uses rules of association with the collection of vast amounts of data. It incorporates statistics, data collection and recognition of patterns and trends. The most common type of data mining today is the use of programs within programs that record computer habits, websites visited and much more information about both the user and computer. The analysis of the data provides profiles that are used by all kinds of organizations. Frequently the programs to do the data mining are included in purchased software and downloaded software. However it is also frequently installed on a computer through the use of a virus or worm or other such malicious tool.
There is no inherent danger to data mining. It is the use of the information that is most troubling. When such techniques can include information like credit card numbers and bank accounts there is an obvious troubling potential for the use of the data. What is meant by no inherent danger is the software data mining collection does not damage a computer, it just records what the computer is doing.
One of the major reasons for collecting such vast amounts of information is for resale. Different on-line merchants would like to know where and when each online shopper is spending their money. Then they can use that information to direct their marketing and timing to a more dedicated market.
The data that is mined, or collected, can come from a vast array of sources. As stated above, the most common form of data mining is the infection of a computer. It can also be extracted from POS (Point Of Sale) transactions, all kinds of data bases, online resources, articles, etc. Although this is an easy way to gather information there is also off-line sources and databases that can be included through the old-style manual data entry.

## Fusion/cleaning

With all the information they receive the company must filter through the information to find what their consumers need. Companies wish to have only one type of information it can take time to decipher all the information and see, for example, who buys Huggies brand diapers. All this information is to be fused together and cleaned. Many of these data sources have something wrong with them, such as inconsistencies or is a poor quality. This must be cleaned and checked for the consistency of formats.

## Data

Meta-Data is data about data; it describes how and when and by whom a particular set of data was collected and how it’s formatted. Meta-Data is essential for understanding information stored in data warehouse

## Warehouse

Data warehouse is a special database of cleaned up data and Meta-data. Both the data and the Meta-Data are sent to the data warehouse.
# The Computer Revolution/Software/Common Software Shortcuts

There are many keyboard shortcuts that are commonly available in many applications. Using the keyboard shortcut to accomplish a task is quicker since the user doesn’t have to spend the time clicking in multiple menus to complete the task at hand. For example, pressing the Alt key and the S key at the same time will save data. This is generally displayed in instructions as “Alt + S.” Pressing “Ctrl + C” will copy data (can be text, a picture, table, etc.). Pressing “Ctrl +V” will paste the copied data. Printing is another common task that has a shortcut. “Ctrl + P” will print your document. Keyboard shortcuts can be the ultimate timesaver if the user remembers & knows how to use them.
Although many PC keyboard shortcuts are the same for Mac operating systems, there are also many differences in shortcuts between the two. These are some examples of Mac operating system keyboard shortcuts:Shift-Command-A Open the Applications folder, Command-C Copy selected item/text to the Clipboard,Shift-Command-C Open the Computer window, Command-D Duplicate selected item, Shift-Command-D Open desktop folder, Command-E Eject,Command-F Find any matching Spotlight attribute, Shift-Command-F Find Spotlight file name matches, Option-Command-F Navigate to the search field in an already-open Spotlight window, Shift-Command-G Go to Folder,Shift-Command-H Open the Home folder of the currently logged-in user account, Command-I Get Info, Option-Command-I Show Inspector, Control-Command-I Get Summary Info, Shift-Command-I Open iDisk, Command-J Show View Options,Command-K Connect to Server,Shift-Command-K Open Network window,Command-L Make alias of the selected item.

## References

* ↑ All information can be found in Chapter 6 of Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition by Deborah Morley & Charles S. Parker.
* ↑ All information can be found at http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1343