OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Character Encodings/Code Tables/MS-DOS/Code page 163

Code page 163 is a code page intended for Arabic and French. It is used by ADOS.

## Character set

The following table shows code page 163. Each character is shown with its equivalent Unicode code point. Only the second half of the table (128–255) is shown, the first half (0–127) being the same as code page 437.
Code page 163 :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| 0x 0 | | ﺀ FE80 | ﺁ FE81 | ﺂ FE82 | ﺃ FE83 | ﺄ FE84 | ﺅ FE85 | ﺇ FE87 | ﺈ FE88 | ﺉ FE89 | ﺋ FE8B | ﺍ FE8D | ﺎ FE8E | ﺏ FE8F | ﺑ FE91 | ﺓ FE93 |
| 1x 16 | ► 25BA | ◄ 25C4 | ↕ 2195 | ﺕ FE95 | ¶ 00B6 | § 00A7 | ﺗ FE97 | ﺙ FE99 | ↑ 2191 | ↓ 2193 | → 2192 | ← 2190 | ﺛ FE9B | ↔ 2194 | ▲ 25B2 | ▼ 25BC |
| 2x 32 | SP | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / |
| 3x 48 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | : | ; | < | = | > | ? |
| 4x 64 | @ | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O |
| 5x 80 | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ |
| 6x 96 | ` | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| 7x 112 | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | { | | | } | ~ | ﺝ FE9D |
| 8x 128 | ﺟ FE9F | ﺡ FEA1 | é 00E9 | â 00E2 | ﺣ FEA3 | à 00E0 | ﺥ FEA5 | ç 00E7 | ê 00EA | ë 00EB | è 00E8 | ï 00EF | î 00EE | ﺧ FEA7 | ﺩ FEA9 | ﺫ FEAB |
| 9x 144 | ﺭ FEAD | ﺯ FEAF | ﺱ FEB1 | ô 00F4 | ﺳ FEB3 | ﺵ FEB5 | û 00FB | ù 00F9 | ﺷ FEB7 | ﺹ FEB9 | ﺻ FEBB | ﺽ FEBD | £ 00A3 | ﺿ FEBF | ﻁ FEC1 | ﻅ FEC5 |
| Ax 160 | ﻉ FEC9 | ﻊ FECA | ﻋ FECB | ﻌ FECC | ﻍ FECD | ﻎ FECE | ﻏ FECF | ﻐ FED0 | ﻑ FED1 | ﻓ FED3 | ﻕ FED5 | ﻗ FED7 | ﻙ FED9 | ﻛ FEDB | « 00AB | » 00BB |
| Bx 176 | ░ 2591 | ▒ 2592 | ▓ 2593 | │ 2502 | ┤ 2524 | ٠ 0660 | ١ 0661 | ٢ 0662 | ٣ 0663 | ╣ 2563 | ║ 2551 | ╗ 2557 | ╝ 255D | ٤ 0664 | ٥ 0665 | ┐ 2510 |
| Cx 192 | └ 2514 | ┴ 2534 | ┬ 252C | ├ 251C | ─ 2500 | ┼ 253C | ٦ 0666 | ٧ 0667 | ╚ 255A | ╔ 2554 | ╩ 2569 | ╦ 2566 | ╠ 2560 | ═ 2550 | ╬ 256C | ٨ 0668 |
| Dx 208 | ٩ 0669 | ، 060C | ؛ 061B | ؟ 061F | ﻟ FEDF | ﻠ FEE0 | ¤ 00A4 | | | ┘ 2518 | ┌ 250C | █ 2588 | ▄ 2584 | ▌ 258C | ▐ 2590 | ▀ 2580 |
| Ex 224 | ﻝ FEDD | ﻟ FEDF | ﻡ FEE1 | ﻣ FEE3 | ﻥ FEE5 | ﻧ FEE7 | µ 00B5 | ﻩ FEE9 | ﻫ FEEB | ﻬ FEEC | ﻭ FEED | ﻯ FEEF | ﻰ FEF0 | ﻱ FEF1 | ﻲ FEF2 | ﻳ FEF3 |
| Fx 240 | ≡ 2261 | ﹼ FE7C | ﹽ FE7D | س 0633 | ش 0634 | ص 0635 | ض 0636 | ﹳ FE73 | ° 00B0 | � F8FB | · 00B7 | � F8F9 | � F8FC | � F8FA | ■ 25A0 | ـ 0640 |
Symbols and punctuation  Differences from code page 437
* ↑ Character "AL010006"
* ↑ Character "AS010000", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AS230000", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AS450000", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AD450000", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AA010006", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AA310006", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AA310406", not in Unicode
* ↑ Character "AA210006", not in Unicode
# Development Cooperation Handbook/The video resources linked to this handbook/The Documentary Story/Zulfi and Jyoti

Zulfi and Jyoti
Two more interviews uploaded on YouTube by Fausto. Two interviews in Delhi to “young pundits”. I had met Zulfi in Afgnanistan. A dynamic young man, with the right balance between professionalism and idealism.
Fausto politely asked if he knew of “bad practices” in international cooperation, i.e. where we learned how the things should not be done. He was explicit in denouncing the pretentious of self claimed superior nations to convert others to their own moral stereotypes. I want this to be a key issue in the documentary. Good that Zulfi said it out with such clarity.
On the other side Jyoti elegantly advocated the need of cultures to dialogue more and try to understand each other.
When I now review the various testimonials whose interview we collected I continue to see how the Indian ones stand out for the freshness and vitality of their convictions. A refined combination of openness to world ideas and rooting in their own tradition of thought. I think that in the next centuries Indian minds will have a major role in global thinking.

## Interviews

Zulfi Haider - UN, Joint Programme on Convergence ⇒ - playlist
Jyoti Sapru - Social scientist ⇒ - playlist
# Development Cooperation Handbook/The video resources linked to this handbook/The Documentary Story/We need to talk about programmes

Vrinda is writing this !!

## See in the handbook

⇒ Designing and Managing Programmes
# Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

Moves:1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5
Black must react in order to avoid doubled pawns on the f file. The most popular and almost only available option is 6...e6.
6...Nbd7 is also playable.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5
| | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Main line | ... e6 | f4 Qb6 | Qd2 Qxb2 | Rb1 Qa3 | = |
| | ... Nbd7 | f4 e6 | Qf3 Qc7 | O-O-O b5 | = |
| Richter-Rauzer | ... Nc6 | Qd2 e6 | O-O-O Bd7 | f3 Be7 | += |
| | ... Qb6 | Bxf6 gxf6 | Nd5 Qa5+ | | += |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Sicilian Defence, Poisoned Pawn Variation

Moves: 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6
Black launches a direct attack on the b2 pawn. White should defend it with 8. Nb3 or leave it to the enemy with 8. Qd2. This variation gained notoriety in the 1960s with Fischer's espousal of the system. His idea was that after grabbing a pawn, he could use his almost flawless technique to neutralize White's dangerous lead in development, and then win with his extra pawn and bishop pair.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6
| 8 |
| Qd2 - | = |
| Nb3 - | = |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Sicilian Defence, Poisoned Pawn Variation

Moves:1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2
White allows Black to take the pawn. Having played 7...Qb6, Black should take the pawn now with 8...Qxb2. If Black radically changes plans and does not take the pawn, White will simply castle queenside (9. 0-0-0), protecting the pawn, and the Black queen will be out of place on b6, it would prefer to be on c7 where it doesn't obstruct the b-pawn.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2
| 8 |
| ... Qxb2 | = |
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# Sicilian Defence, Poisoned Pawn Variation

The most popular move. After 9.Rb1 White chases away the Black queen and assumes control of the b-file. After the queen escapes to a3 (only move), White will have several options.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2 Qxb2 9.Rb1
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 9...Qa3 | = |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# Sicilian Defence, Poisoned Pawn Variation

This is the only move for Black's queen, and so should be self explanatory. Another move, 9...Nxe4? drops a piece not to 10.Nxe4?? Qxb1+ and Black is winning, but 10.Rxb2 Nxd2 11.Kxd2 and White is winning.
Here White has a few choices. The most popular is 10.f5, applying direct pressure to e6. Then Black usually plays 10...Nc6 11.fxe6 fxe6 12.Nxc6 bxc6 13.e5 dxe5 14.Bxf6 gxf6 15.Ne4, when Black's best is 15...Qxa2 (or 15...Be7 16.Be2 h5 17.Rf1!, with a strong attack).
White's other choices are 10.e5 and 10.Bxf6.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2 Qxb2 9.Rb1 Qa3
| 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| f5 Nc6 | fxe6 fxe6 | Nxc6 bxc6 | e5 dxe5 | Bxf6 gxf6 | Ne4 Qxa2 | Rd1 Be7 | = |
| Bxf6 gxf6 | Be2 Nc6 | Nxc6 bxc6 | O-O Qa5 | Kh1 Be7 | f5 h5 | Bf3 Kf8 | =/+ |
| e5 dxe5 | fxe5 Nfd7 | Ne4 h6 | Bh4 Qxa2 | Rd1 Qd5 | Qe3 Qxe5 | Be2 Bc5 | = |
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## References

de Firmian, Nick. Modern Chess Openings, 15th Edition. New York, NY: Random House, 2008.
# Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

Moves:1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4
Again, Black has to make a strategic choice. Common moves are :
    7...Be7
    7...Qc7
    7...Nbd7
Two very sharp variations are seen at higher levels : 7...Qb6 (the Poisoned Pawn Variation) and 7...b5 (the Polugaevsky Variation).

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4
| | 7 |
| Poisoned Pawn Variation | ... Qb6 | = |
| Polugaevsky Variation | ... b5 | = |
| | ... Be7 | = |
| | ... Qc7 | = |
| | ... Nbd7 | = |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

Moves: 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 Nbd7
This knight move is a natural one in the Najdorf, and it also stops Bxf6, doubling the Black pawns. Although not as popular as the move 6...e6, it is a solid, respectable alternative to the main line. Both sides will usually castle queenside. Black, using his knights and light-squared bishop, will attempt to pressure e4. White, on the other hand, will try to get play on the a2-g8 diagonal and the central files.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 Nbd7
| | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Main line | Bc4 Qa5 | Qd2 e6 | O-O-O b5 | Bb3 Bb7 | = |
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## References

de Firmian, Nick. Modern Chess Openings. McKay Chess Library, New York: 2008.
# Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

Moves:1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Be7
This used to be the main line, mostly out of Fischer's theoretical work. Today it is considered the sharpest line, with sacrifices on d5, b2, g7, and f7, and other such things. Mostly it is because of the large mass of variations that stem from this position. Today, however, the variation has rather fallen out of favor due to the increasing popularity of the Poisoned Pawn Variation after 7...Qb6.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Be7
| | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| The Traditional Main Line | Qf3 Qc7 | O-O-O Nbd7 | g4 b5 | ∞ |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Sicilian Defence, Poisoned Pawn Variation

The famous Poisoned Pawn Variation. Black accepts the pawn. This line after good results from Black, initially Fischer but later Kasparov has seen a decline in popularity of 6.Bg5.
The line was popularized by Bobby Fischer, who in playing this line said that he could grab a pawn, give his opponent three or four moves in development, and still win! Today the line is just as messy as it was in its heyday in the 1970s, but is now considered to be equal with best play. Today there have been lines analyzed up to twenty or thirty moves in depth, such as this one, the main one.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2 Qxb2
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Rb1 Qa3 | f5 Nc6 | fxe6 fxe6 | Nxc6 bxc6 | e5 dxe5 | Ne4 Qxa2 | = |
| Nb3 Qa3 | Bxf6 gxf6 | Be2 Nc6 | O-O Bd7 | Kh1 Rc8 | Bh5 Bg7 | = |
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## References

de Firmian, Nick. Modern Chess Openings, 15th Edition. New York, NY: Random House, 2008.
# Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

Moves: 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6
White's offensive should go on with 7. f4, the most popular move. Queen's moves are also possible as well as 7. Be2 but are considered less ambitious.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6
| 7 |
| f4 - | = |
| Qf3 - | = |
| Qd2 - | = |
| Qd3 - | = |
| Be2 - | = |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# English Opening
### 2.g3

White prepares to fianchetto the king's bishop on the long diagonal by playing 3. Bg2 that will put more pressure on d5 square discourage black from playing pawn to d5. If black is determined to put a pawn d5 they can play 2...c6 leading to the the Reversed Alapin that is the main line of the Alapin Variation being played in reverse: 1. c4 e5 2. g3 c6 3. Nf3 e4 4. Nd4. Instead of playing 2... c6 black might play 2... d5 that is a good move that forces white to protect its rook by blocking with 4. Nf3. Unfortunately, a common blunder is to play 4... e4?? that leads to the lost of a pawn with the line 5. Nc3 Qe6 6. Qa4+ Bd7 7. Qxe4 or the lost of the queen with the trap 5. Nc3 Qc6 6. e3 exf3?? 7. Bb5 that pins the queen to the king by sacrificing a knight.

## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation.
    1.c4 e5 2.g3
| | 2 | 3 |
| English | ... Nf6 | Nc3 | ∞ |
| English | ... Nc6 | Nc3 | ∞ |
| Drill Variation | ... h5 | | += |
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# English Opening
### 3. g3

White plans to develop his bishop into the long diagonal. By doing this the bishop will exert some serious pressure into the central light squares (especially d5) and into the enemy queenside. This does not come without issues however, as a king castled behind a fianchettoed bishop becomes very vulnerable should the bishop be removed. Black now has two acceptable options, one is to play d5 immediately as delaying this move will allow white to achieve overprotection of this important central square by 4.Bg2. Another choice for black, perhaps the sharpest, is to play 3...c6, the knight will be blocked from its best square but black regains control over the d5 square and closes the long diagonal for a bishop on g2. Once d5 has been played by black, his mighty center may cause some problems for white, although (as always) the more developed player can undermine it in hypermodern fashion through the use of his c- pawn, knights and fianchettoed bishop.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3
| | 3 |
| Bremen System with ...g6 | g3 g6 |
| Keres Variation | ... c6 |
| | ... Bb4 |
| | ... d5 |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
# English Opening
### 3. g3
## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3. g3
| 3 | 4 |
| g3 | Bg2 |
| g6 | Bg7 |
| ... | Nf3 |
| Nf6 | |
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# English Opening
### 2...Nf6
## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 e5 2.g3 Nf6
| | 3 | 4 |
| English | Nc3 Bb4 | to 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 |
| English | Bg2 d5 | |
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# English, Four Knights
### 3. Nf3
## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation.
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6
* 4
* g3 Bb4
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# English Opening
### 3...c6
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6
| | 4 | 5 |
| Keres Variation | Nf3 e4 | Nd4 d5 | += |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# English Opening
### 3...g6
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 g6
| | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Bremen System with ...g6 | Bg2 Bg7 | Nf3 Nc6 | |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# English Opening
### 2...Nc6
## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.c4 e5 2.g3 Nc6
| | 3 | 4 |
| English | Nc3 g6 | to 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 |
| English | Bg2 g6 | |
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# English Opening
### 2...Nf6

This position, also reachable through the move orders 1...e5/2.Nc3 Nf6, can lead to two important variations of the English opening depending on how white chooses to develop. 3.Nf3 is the natural developing move and more often than not it leads to the English four knights variation simply because black must defend his pawn and the most practical way to do it is with 3...Nc6. After this white will usually develop his bishop to g2 and castle kingside. Black has a variety of options against this variation including the pinning of the knight on c3 with the dual idea of advancing the pawn on e5 and inflicting doubled pawns.
The other option for white is to get the bishop to g2 first and then choosing how to develop the knight, this idea is known as the Bremen system. The Bremen System has the advantage of maintaining flexibility in the development of the knight while also increasing control of the d5 square and putting extra pressure on black´s q-side. Black on the other hand might choose to counter this pressure by advancing his pawn to c6, the Keres variation, with the idea of creating a sturdy pawn formation which white must either undermine with his own pawns or fall to.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
* 3
* Nf3 Nc6
* g3 Bb4
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## References

* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
# Chess Opening Theory/1. c4/1...e5/2. Nc3/2...Nf6/3. Nf3/3...e4/4. Ng5/4...c6
## Adhiban Gambit

The Adhiban Gambit rose to prominence in 2021, when Neural Network Leela Zero inspired strong GM Adhiban Baskaran to play this for the first time in the Meltwater Rapid Indian Qualifier, which is the qualifier for the prestigious Meltwater rapid. This has overtaken the popular Bellon Gambit (4..b5!?) which was refuted in the pre-computer era. As this opening is relatively new, theory is still developing.
# Two Knights Defence:Lolli Variation
### 8. Nxf7
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Nxd5 6. d4 Bb4+ 7. c3 Be7
| | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 1 | Nxf7 Kxf7 | Qf3+ Ke6 | Qe4 Rf8 | +/= |
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# Two Knights Defense:Lolli Variation

10...Rf8

# Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Nxd5 6. d4 Bb4+ 7. c3 Be7 8. Nxf7 Kxf7 9. Qf3 Ke6 10. Qe4 Rf8
| 11 | 12 | 13 |
| f4 b5 | Bxb5 Na5 | O-O | +/= |
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# Ulvestad Variation
### 5 ... b5.

The defining move for the Ulvestad Variation. Black challenges the strong bishop on c4 by offering a pawn.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 b5
Ulvestad Variation
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Bf1 Nd4 | c3 Nxd5 | Ne4 Qh4 | Ng3 Bg4 | f3 e4 | ∞ |
| Bxb5 Qxd5 | Nc3 Qxg2 | Qf3 Qxf3 | Nxf3 Bd7 | O-O Bd6 | = |
| dxc6 bxc4 | Qe2 Qd5 | f4 Qxc6 | fxe5 Bg4 | Nf3 O-O-O | = |

## Estimated next move likelihood

Bf1 62%, Bxb5 28%, dxc6 6%, Bb3 2%, Qe2 1%
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## References

* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
# Two Knights Defence:Fritz variation

6 ... Nd4. This has Transposed into the Fritz variation

## Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 b5 6.Bf1! Nd4
| 6 | 7 |
| ... Nd4 | c3 - |

## Estimated next move likelihood

c3 100%
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# Two Knights Defence:Lolli Variation

7... Be7

# Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Nxd5 6. d4 Bb4+ 7. c3 Be7
| | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 1 | Nxf7 Kxf7 | Qf3+ Ke6 | Qe4 Rf8 | +/= |
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# Two Knights Defence:Lolli Variation

9.... Ke6

# Theory Table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
    1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Nxd5 6. d4 Bb4+ 7. c3 Be7 8. Nxf7 Kxf7 9. Qf3+ Ke6
| 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| Qe4 b5 | Bxb5 Bb7 | f4 Rf8 | fxe5 | += |
| ... Rf8 | f4 b5 | Bxb5 Na5 | O-O | += |
| O-O Rf8 | Qe4 b4 | ∞ |
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