OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pidgin

This is a guide to Pidgin, a free-as-in-freedom instant messaging client with support for many messaging protocols.

## Accounts

To add an existing account:
* Accounts > Manage Accounts
* Click "Add".
* Fill-in the form, choosing Protocol, entering User Name, and switching between Basic, Advanced, and Proxy tabs.
    If you choose to enter password, beware that it is stored on your computer unencrypted. From a security standpoint, entering your password to be stored with your account is inadvisable.
* Click "Add".
To disable an account without deleting it:
* Accounts > Manage Accounts
* Uncheck "Enabled" at the account
To delete an account:
* Accounts > Manage Accounts
* Select the account.
* Click "Delete"

## Logging

By default, Pidgin logs all instant messages you send and receive to a file. To change this:
* Tools > Preferences
* Logging
* Uncheck "Log all instant messages"

## Buddies

To add a buddy:
* Buddies > Add Buddy...
* Fill-in the form
To remove a buddy:
* Right-click on the buddy in the buddy list
* Choose Remove

## Chat

To start a chat:
* Buddies > Add Chat...
* Enter Room, Exchange, Alias and Group

## Files

To send a file to a buddy:
* Right-click on the buddy in the buddy list
* Choose Send File...

## Protocols

Supported protocols:
* Bonjour
* Gadu-Gadu
* IRC
* Lotus Sametime
* MySpaceIM
* MXit
* MSNP
* Novell GroupWise
* OSCAR (AIM, ICQ, MobileMe)
* SIP/SIMPLE
* SILC
* XMPP/Jingle (Google Talk, Jabber, Facebook Chat, LJ Talk, Gizmo5, etc.)
* YMSG (YIM only basic chat and file transfers)
* Zephyr

## Shortcuts

Keyboards shortcuts:
* New Instant Message...: Ctrl+M
* Join a Chat...: Ctrl+C
* Get User Info...: Ctrl+I
* View User Log...: Ctrl+L
* Add Buddy...: Ctrl+B
* Quit: Ctrl+Q
* Manage Accounts: Ctrl+A
* Custom Smileys: Ctrl+Y
* Plugins: Ctrl+U
* Preferences: Ctrl+P
* Set Mood: Ctrl+D
* File Transfers: Ctrl+T
* Mute Sounds: Ctrl+S
* Online Help: F1

## Preferences

To edits preferences aka settings:
* Tools > Preferences

## Versions

The latest release is 2.10.7 from 2013-02-14.
Links:
* Pidgin files at sourceforge.net
* ChangeLog, release notes at pidgin.im
* FullChangeLog release notes at pidgin.im

## Gallery

* Pidgin running on Windows
* Pidgin running on Ubuntu
* Conversation window
* An IRC connection setup, in French
See also Commons:Category:Pidgin (instant messaging client).

## See also

* Pidgin/Installing OTR - Installing OTR for secure messaging with pidgin

## External links

* pidgin.im, Pidgin home page
* FAQ at pidgin.im
* Using Pidgin at pidgin.im
* pidgin at sourceforge.net
* W:Pidgin (software)
# Practical Electronics/Sources

Sources that provide Voltage or Current to provide electricity for electrical devices to operate.

## Voltage Sources

There are two Voltage Sources generally used in any applications namely AC and DC Voltage Source:

### DC Electricity

DC stands for Direct Current . Voltage source that has constant voltage that does not change with time and can be expressed mathematically

   #### v = V

DC Voltage sources are found in Batteries,

### AC Electricity

AC stands for Alternating Current . Voltage source that has current amplitude varies sinusoidally with time and can be expressed mathematically

   #### v = V$_p$ Sin wt

       V$_p$ The highest value of the voltage also called Peak Voltage measured in Volt (v)
       t - time measured in second (s)
       w - Angular Frequency . w = 2πf = ${\frac {2\pi }{t}}$
AC Voltage source are generated from AC generators.

## Current Sources

Current sources act in a similar manner to voltage sources, except that they try and maintain a constant current. Current sources are mainly constant current devices, meaning that they have a set value that they try and maintain, but also exist as variable devices, such as in transistor models.
# Practical Electronics/Standing Wave Oscillator

With an LC series when $Z_{L}-Z_{C}=0V_{C}+V_{L}=0$ circuit is said to be in resonance
    $Z_{L}=Z_{C}$
    $j\omega L={\frac {1}{j\omega C}}$
    $\omega _{o}=\pm j{\sqrt {{\frac {1}{L}}{C}}}$
    $V_{C}=-V_{L}$
    $V(\theta )=A\sin(\omega _{o}t+2\pi )-A\sin(\omega _{o}t-2\pi )$
Circuit is capable of producing a Standing Wave Oscillation Therefore , LC can be used as Standing Wave Oscillator with fruency of oscillation equals to resonance frequency
    $f={\frac {1}{2\pi }}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$
# Practical Electronics/Systems/Telecommunications System

* Telephone
* Telecom
* Fax
# Practical Electronics/T Network
## Intro

A network consist of three resistors connected like a T

## Analysis

    $V=V_{i}{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{2}+R_{1}}}=V_{o}{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{2}+R_{3}}}$
    $V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {R_{3}+R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}$

## Formula

    $V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {R_{3}+R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}$

## Choosing Resistance's Value

* R$_2$ = 0
       The fomula above now becomes
       $V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {R_{3}}{R_{1}}}$
       R$_3$ > R$_1$ , V$_o$ > V$_1$ . This network acts as Voltage Amplifier
       R$_3$ = R$_1$ , V$_o$ = V$_1$ . This network acts as Voltage Follower
       R$_3$ < R$_1$ , V$_o$ < V$_1$ . This network acts as Voltage Attenuator
* R$_3$ = 0
       The fomula above now becomes
       $V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{2}+R_{1}}}$
       This network acts as Voltage Attenuator
* R$_1$ = 0
       The fomula above now becomes
       $V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {R_{3}+R_{2}}{R_{2}}}$
       This network acts as Voltage Amplifier 1 + ${\frac {R_{3}}{R_{2}}}$

## Summary

This network can be used as Voltage Amplifier, Voltage Follower, Voltage Attenuator by choosing the right value for the resistors
# Practical Electronics/Tables

Both very large and very small numbers are common in electronic. To simplify writing these numbers there are several prefixes (known as metric prefixes) used to multiply the values of components. These values are shown in the table below.
| Text | Symbol | Factor |
| Peta | P | 1000000000000000 |
| Tera | T | 1000000000000 |
| Giga | G | 1000000000 |
| Mega | M | 1000000 |
| Kilo | k | 1000 |
| (none) | (none) | 1 |
| Mili | m | 0.001 |
| Micro | μ | 0.000001 |
| Nano | n | 0.000000001 |
| Femto | f | 0.000000000001 |
These prefixes are added before the units that describe a quantity and are case sensitive (mW does not equal MW).
# Practical Electronics/Standards

Electronic components and devices must conform to many standards so that they may be interoperable and so electronic engineers can choose the correct device. This page lists standards used by the electronics industry:

## British Standards

* BS EN 60062: Marking codes for resistors and capacitors.
# Practical Electronics/Test Equipments/Ammeter

An ammeter is an electronic instrument used to measure current.
The ammeter's terminals must be in series with the current being measured. Ammeters have a small resistance (typically 50 ohms) so that they only have a small effect on the current.
# Polish Sign Language

Welcome to the Polish Sign Language wikibook. Polish Sign Language ("Polski język migowy", PJM) is a visual language expressed through hand gestures, body language and facial expressions. It is the language used by many deaf, hearing-impaired and hearing people in Poland. It has its own grammar, history and culture.
This wikibook is aimed at teaching the basics of the Polish Sign Language like introducing oneself and asking basing questions.
As this project develops more advances lessons will be available.
For the sake of brevity abbreviations like PJM will be used throughout this wikibook.
All the signs will be marked with boxes. Click the boxes to look up the word in the Dictionary.

## Table of contents

* a
* b
* c

### Introduction

* Overview
* Alphabet
* Numbers

### Module 1

* Lesson 1
* Lesson 2
* Lesson 3

### Appendix

* Dictionary
* Glossary

## See also

* Polish Sign Language on Wikipedia
* www.migam.org - online PJM lessons
* www.spreadthesign.com - multilingual sign language dictionary
# Polish/Questions

In Polish, sometimes yes/no questions are created by a rising tone, which is indicated by a question mark:
* Basia ma kota - Basia has a cat.
* Basia ma kota? - Does Basia have a cat?
However, this is more or less to the equivalent of saying in English: "Basia has a cat?"
Another way to form a question is by using the word 'czy'. This makes it slightly more formal and also easier to understand for foreigners.
Specific questions are created by question pronouns like:
* gdzie - where
* kiedy - when
* kto - who
* co - what
* ile - how many
* jaka - what kind
* która - which
* jak - how
* dlaczego - why
* czyj - whose
"kto" and "co" behave like nouns (but they don't have number) and "jaka" and "która" like adjectives, so you must use them in their proper form.
| | Who | What |
| Nominative | kto | co |
| Genitive | kogo | czego |
| Dative | komu | czemu |
| Accusative | kogo | co |
| Instrumentative | z kim | z czym |
| Locative | o kim | o czym |
A question pronoun is usually moved to the beginning of a sentence, even if it replaces something that would usually be at the end, like an object.
* Kogo lubi Basia? - who does Basia like? (who in accusative and moved to beginning of sentence). Emphasis on "Basia"
* Kogo Basia lubi? - also correct but emphasis on "to like"
* Co pije dziecko? - what does a child drink? ("what" is in accusative), emphasis is on "dziecko"
* Co dziecko pije? - also correct but emphasis is on "to drink"
* Kogo lubisz? - Who do you like? ("who" is in the accusative)
* Z kim rozmawiasz? - who are you talking with? ("who" in instrumental). "Rozmawiasz" - second person singular of verb "to talk".
* O czym myślisz? - what are you thinking about? ("what" in locative)
* Gdzie jest ciastko? - where is the cake?
* Gdzie są dziewczyny? - where are the girls?
* Którą dziewczynę lubisz? - which girl do you like? ("which" and "girl" in accusative)
* Jaką pijesz kawę? - what kind of coffee do you drink? ("what kind" in accusative). May mean either "What kind of coffee are you drinking?" or "What kind of coffee do you like?" (and drink usually)
^ Polish ^ > Polish pronunciation >
# Polish/Some useful expressions

^ Polish ^ > Polish pronunciation >
As an initiation to Polish it's useful to know a few common expressions:
* Dzień dobry - good day (jane DOH-brih) pronunciation (help·info)
* Dobry wieczór - good evening (DOH-brih VYEH-choor) pronunciation (help·info)
* Dobranoc - good night (doh-BRAH-notes) pronunciation (help·info)
* Cześć - hello (cheshch) pronunciation (help·info)
* Do widzenia - good bye (doh vee-DZEN-ya) pronunciation (help·info)
* Proszę - please / here you are (PROH-sheh) pronunciation (help·info)
* Dziękuję - thank you (jen-KOO-yeh) pronunciation (help·info)
* Dzięki - thanks (informal) (JEN-kee) pronunciation (help·info)
* Przepraszam - I'm sorry / excuse me (psheh-PRAH-shahm) pronunciation (help·info)
* Tak - yes (tahk) pronunciation (help·info)
* Nie - no / not (nyeh) pronunciation (help·info)
* Nie wiem - I don't know (nyeh vyem)
* Jak się masz? - How are you? (informal) (yahk shay mahsh) pronunciation (help·info)
* Nie mówię po polsku. - I don't speak Polish (nyeh MOO-vyeh poh pohl-skoo) pronunciation (help·info)
* Nie rozumiem - I don't understand (nyeh roh-ZOO-myem) pronunciation (help·info)
* Na zdrowie! - Cheers! / Bless you! (lit. For health!) (nah ZDROH-vyeh) pronunciation (help·info)
| Translation | Phrase | IPA | Pronunciation | Remarks |
| Polish language | język polski, polszczyzna | ['jɛ̃zik 'pɔlski] [pɔl'ʃʧizna] | listen listen | |
| hello | cześć | ['ʧɛɕtɕ] | listen | informal, used both for greeting and good-bye, lit. “honour” |
| good morning, good afternoon | dzień dobry | ['dʑɛɲ ,dɔbri] | listen | lit. “good day” |
| good-bye | do widzenia | [dɔvi'ʣɛɲa] | listen | lit. “until seeing” |
| good night | dobranoc | [dɔ'branɔʦ] | listen | |
| please | proszę | ['prɔʃɛ̃] | listen | |
| you're welcome | proszę bardzo | [ˌprɔʃɛ̃'barʣɔ] | listen | |
| don’t mention it | nie ma za co | [ˌɲɛma'zaʦɔ] | listen | lit. “(there's) nothing for it” |
| thank you | dziękuję | [dʑɛ̃'kujɛ̃] | listen | |
| this one | m: ten f: ta n: to | [tɛn] [ta] [tɔ] | listen | |
| that one | m: tamten f: tamta n: tamto | ['tamtɛn] ['tamta] ['tamtɔ] | listen | |
| how much? | ile? | ['ilɛ] | listen | |
| English language | język angielski | ['jɛ̃zik aŋ'gɛ´lski] | | |
| yes | tak | [tak] | listen | |
| no | nie | [ɲɛ] | listen | |
| I don’t understand | Nie rozumiem | [ɲɛrɔ'zumiɛm] | listen | |
| where's the bathroom? | Gdzie jest łazienka? | [ˌgdʑɛjɛst wa'ʑeŋka] | listen | |
| generic toast: | Na zdrowie! (or just "Zdrowie!") | [na zdrɔv'ɛ] | listen | lit. “to health” |
| do you speak English? | Czy mówi Pan po angielsku? Czy mówi Pani po angielsku? Czy mówisz po angielsku? | [ʧi'muvipan poaŋ'gɛ´lsku] [ʧi'muvipani poaŋ'gɛ´lsku] [ʧi'muviʃ poaŋ'gɛ´lsku] | listen listen listen | Pan — sir, Mr.; Pani — Mrs.; the third form is both impersonal and informal |
| what is it? | Co to jest? | [ʦɔtɔ'jɛst] | listen | |
| Welcome to Poland! | Witamy w Polsce! | [vi'tami 'fpɔlsʦɛ] | listen | |
| I love you | Kocham cię | ['kɔxamtɕɛ̃] | | |
^ Polish ^ > Basic sentences 1 > ]
# Polish/Usage of the infinitive

chcieć - to want
* Past tense: chciał/a(sing. masc/feminine), chcieli/chciały (pl. masc/feminine)
* Conjugation: chcę, chcesz, chce, chcemy, chcecie, chcą
lubić - to like
* Past tense: lubił/a(sing. masc/feminine), lubili/lubiły(pl.masc/feminine)
* Conjugation: lubię, lubisz, lubi, lubimy, lubicie, lubią
umieć - can/to be able to
* Past tense: umiał/a, umieli/umiały
* Conjugation: umiem, umiesz, umie, umiemy, umiecie, umieją
potrzebować - to need
* Past tense: potrzebował/a, potrzebowali/potrzebowały
* Conjugation: potrzebuję, potrzebujesz, potrzebuje, potrzebujemy, potrzebujecie, potrzebują
You may use these verbs, and many others, together with other verbs in the infinitive:
* Basia lubi pić kawę - Basia likes drinking coffee.
* Basia lubi kawę - Essentially the same meaning, "drinking" is implied.
* Dziecko lubi jeść ciastka - The child likes eating cakes
* Dziecko lubi ciastka - and "eating" is the usual thing you do with cakes
* Adam lubi myśleć o Agnieszce - Adam likes thinking about Agnieszka
* Adam lubi Agnieszkę - Adam likes Agnieszka
* Tomek chce być inżynierem - Tomek wants to be an engineer (or become an engineer)
* Dziecko chce jeść - The child wants to eat (or The child is hungry)
* Basia umie robić kawę - Basia knows how to make coffee
* Kasia potrzebuje umieć jeździć samochodem - Kasia needs to be able to drive a car (Two infinitives stacked one after another, while car is in the instrumental)
^ Polish ^ > Polish pronunciation >
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Scratch

Scratch is an attacking move, and is very common in most early games. It has 40 base attack power, making it a relatively middling attack, but not the weakest. It has 100 accuracy, meaning it will always hit without confounding factors such as accuracy reducing move or immunity. It typically starts with high PP, allowing the move to be used often.
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Sceptile
## Basic Statistics

* National Index: 254
* Johto Index: 254
* Hoenn Index: 3
* Stage: Stage 2
* Height: 1.7m/5'7"
* Weight: 52.2kg/115.0lb
* Gender Distribution: 87.5% Male
* Ability: Overgrow
* Type: Grass
* Species: Forest
* Egg Group: Monster/Dragon
* Hatch Steps: 5120
* Catch Rate: 45
* Base Experience: 208
* Max Experience: 1059860
| | HP | Attack | Defense | Speed | Special Attack | Special Defense |
| Base Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (RS/FL/E) | 70 | 85 | 65 | 120 | 105 | 85 |
| Base Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (BW/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (XY/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (RS/FL/E) | 344 | 295 | 251 | 372 | 339 | 295 |
| Max Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (B/W/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (X/Y/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effort Points (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Type Matching

Move types which are good on Sceptile: Bug, Fire, Flying, Ice, Poison Move types which are bad on Sceptile: Electric, Grass, Ground, Water All other move types are normal effectiveness on Sceptile.

## Moveset

| Level | Ruby / Sapphire< Emerald XD/ Colosseum | Fire Red / Leaf Green |
| Start | Pound Leer Absorb Quick Attack | Pound Leer Absorb |
| 6 | Absorb | Absorb |
| 11 | Quick Attack | Quick Attack |
| 16 | Fury Cutter | Fury Cutter |
| 17 | Pursuit | Pursuit |
| 23 | Screech | Screech |
| 29 | Leaf Blade | Leaf Blade |
| 35 | Agility | Agility |
| 43 | Slam | Slam |
| 51 | Detect | Detect |
| 59 | False Swipe | False Swipe |

### TM/HM

* RS/FL: Aerial Ace, Attract, Brick Break, Bullet Seed, Cut, Dig, Double Team, Dragon Claw, Earthquake, Facade, Flash, Focus Punch, Frustration, Giga Drain, Hidden Power, Hyper Beam, Iron Tail, Protect, Rest, Return, Roar, Rock Smash, Rock Tomb, Safeguard, Secret Power, Solarbeam, Strength, Sunny Day, Toxic

### Evolution

* RS/FL: Crunch, Crush Claw, Dragonbreath, Endeavor, Leech Seed, Mud Sport

## Trading Cards

* EX Ruby & Sapphire #11 - Sceptile
* EX Ruby & Sapphire #20 - Sceptile
* EX Team Magma vs Team Aqua #93 - Sceptile EX
| Basic: Treecko | Stage 1: Grovyle | Stage 2: Sceptile |
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Sealeo
## Basic Statistics

* National Index: 364
* Johto Index: 364
* Hoenn Index: 174
* Stage: Stage 1
* Height: 1.1m/3'7"
* Weight: 87.6kg/193.0lb
* Gender Distribution: 50% Male
* Ability: Thick Fat
* Type: Ice/Water
* Species: Ball Roll
* Egg Group: Water 1/Ground
* Hatch Steps: 5120
* Catch Rate: 120
* Base Experience: 128
* Max Experience: 1059860
| | HP | Attack | Defense | Speed | Special Attack | Special Defense |
| Base Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (RS/FL/E) | 90 | 60 | 70 | 45 | 75 | 70 |
| Base Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (BW/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (XY/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (RS/FL/E) | 384 | 240 | 262 | 207 | 273 | 262 |
| Max Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (B/W/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (X/Y/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effort Points (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Type Matching

Move types which are good on Sealeo: Electric, Fighting, Grass, Rock Move types which are bad on Sealeo: Water Move types which are very bad on Sealeo: Ice
All other move types are normal effectiveness on Sealeo.

## How to Evolve

Sealeo evolves into Walrein when it reaches Level 44.

## Moveset

| Level | Ruby / Sapphire | Fire Red / Leaf Green |
| Start | Powder Snow Growl Water Gun Encore | Powder Snow Growl Defense Curl Water Gun |
| 7 | Encore | Encore |
| 13 | Ice Ball | Ice Ball |
| 19 | Body Slam | Body Slam |
| 25 | Aurora Beam | Aurora Beam |
| 31 | Hail | Hail |
| 39 | Rest Snore | Rest Snore |
| 47 | Blizzard | Blizzard |
| 55 | Sheer Cold | Sheer Cold |

### TM/HM

* RS/FL: Attract, Blizzard, Dive, Double Team, Earthquake, Facade, Frustration, Hail, Hidden Power, Ice Beam, Iron Tail, Protect, Rain Dance, Rest, Return, Roar, Rock Smash, Rock Tomb, Secret Power, Strength, Surf, Toxic, Water Pulse, Waterfall

### Evolution

* RS/FL: Curse, Fissure, Pound, Rock Slide, Spit Up, Stockpile, Water Sport, Yawn

## Trading Cards

* EX Team Magma vs Team Aqua #16 - Team Aqua's Sealeo
* EX Team Magma vs Team Aqua #31 - Team Aqua's Sealeo
* EX Hidden Legends #47 - Sealeo
| Basic: Spheal | Stage 1: Sealeo | Stage 2: Walrein |
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Scatterbug
## Base Statistics

A bug type

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Scatterbug: fire, flying, rock Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Scatterbug: grass, fighting, ground
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Scovillain
## Description

A bipedal pepperlike pokémon with two heads, one red and one green.

## Base Statistics

A grass and fire type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Scovillain: poison, flying, rock Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Scovillain: electric, steel, fairy Moves that deal 25% of their damage to Scovillain: grass

## How to Evolve

Evolves from Capsakid.

## Notes

Introduced in Pokémon Scarlet and Violet.
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Sawsbuck
## Description

A deerlike Pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Normal and Grass type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Sawsbuck: fighting, fire, ice, poison, flying, bug Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Sawsbuck: water, grass, electric, ground Moves that deal 0% of their damage to Sawsbuck: ghost
# Snakes of Europe/Species/Typhlops

Template:Italic title Template:Taxobox
    Common name: blind snake.
Typhlops is the type genus (representative genus, with regard to a biological family), one of 10 genera of the family Typhlopidae. Snakes of this genus are found in southeastern Europe, the Middle East, tropical and subtropical Asia, most of Africa, Madagascar and certain islands of the Indian Ocean, the Philippines, Moluccas, New Guinea, Central America, South America, and the West Indies. Currently, 120 species are recognized, accounting for over half of the species in the family Typhlopidae.

## Species of Interest

In Europe the only native species is Typhlops vermicularis, the Blind Snake or Worm Snake, it is found only in southeastern Europe, the Balkans, and islands in the Aegean.
# Social Ballroom Dancing/Rumba
## Cuban Rumba

Rumba is a latin dance that arose in Havana in the 1890s. As a sexually-charged Afro-Cuban dance, rumba was often suppressed and restricted because it was viewed as dangerous and lewd.
Later, Prohibition in the United States caused a flourishing of the relatively-tolerated cabaret rumba, as American tourists flocked to see crude sainetes (short plays) which featured racial stereotypes and generally, though not always, rumba.
There are several rhythms of the Rumba family, and associated styles of dance:
Today social Rumba is usually danced very slowly with a romantic quality and sexy flair, which results from Cuban motion.
The American style is done in a "Box" pattern to a Slow Quick Quick timing.
* American Rhythm Technique

## See also

* International Latin Technique/Rumba
# Snakes of Europe/Species/Typhlopidae

Template:Use dmy dates Template:Taxobox
The Typhlopidae are a family of blind snakes, first described by Merrem in 1820. They are found mostly in the tropical regions of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and all mainland Australia and various islands. The rostral scale overhangs the mouth to form a shovel-like burrowing structure. They live underground in burrows, and since they have no use for vision, their eyes are mostly vestigial. They have light-detecting black eye spots, and teeth occur in the upper jaw. The tail ends with a horn-like scale. Most of these species are oviparous. Currently, 10 genera are recognized containing over 200 species.

## Geographic range

They are found in most tropical and many subtropical regions all over the world, particularly in Africa, Asia, islands in the Pacific, tropical America, one species is found in southeastern Europe.

## Species of Interest

In Europe the only native species is Typhlops vermicularis, the Blind Snake or Worm Snake of the genus Typhlops, it is found in southeastern Europe, the Balkans, and islands in the Aegean with distribution stretching across to Afghanistan.