OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# General Economics/Glossary

Authoritarian: describes a form of government that limits individual freedoms and requires strict obedience from its citizens. Black market: where items are sold illegally. Centrally planed economy: an economic system in which the government makes all decisions on the three key economic questions. Command economy: another name for a centrally planned economy. Communism: a political system in which the government owns and controls all resources and means of production and makes all economic decisions. Disequilibrium: when a price or quantity is not at equilibrium; when quantity supplied is not balanced by the quantity demanded in a market. Economic System: how an economy distributes goods and services. Efficiency: Maximum resources used for the output of goods and services. Equilibrium: when the demand for a good or service is balanced by the supply of that good or service.
Factor Payments: the money you get from doing a job.
Fad: something that's popular for a very short time. Innovation: bringing new things into the world.
Inventory: it's the amount of stuff that a producer has on hand. Law of increasing cost: Production shifts from one good or service to more and more resources.
Market - A place where people go to buy things where people sell them. Minimum wage: minimum price an employer can pay a worker for one hour of work.
Price ceiling : the legal maximum price the government can charge for a good or service. Price floor: minimum price for a service or good Product possibilities curve: A graph that shows an alternative way to use the economies productive resources. Production Possibilities frontier: A line on a the production possibilities curve that shows the maximum amount possible output an economy is able to produce. Profit: how much money a company makes after it raises more than it spends.
Rent control : the legal maximum price set by the government that are placed on apartment rents to prevent inflation. Shortage: when there is not enough of a good or service to be supplied to everyone who demands it. Socialism: a range of the economic and political system based on the belief that wealth should be distributed evenly throughout society. Specialization - To focus on certain plans with a certain amount of time. Standard of Living: how well you are able to live on what you are making.
Surplus : there are more supplies than there are demanded therefore causing the price of a good to increase and be more than the equilibrium price. Underutilization: A point inside the production possibilities frontier that indicates the use of fewer resources.
# General Economics/Supply

Supply is the amount a producer is willing and able to produce at the available prices in the market. Government inﬂuences supplies of many goods. Governments send out subsidies that pay and support a business or market. This affects many industries. Government can also place an excise tax in goods. These represent ways that government affect supply. Changes in the global economy such as import restrictions affect supply. This also includes inﬂation and number of suppliers.
# General Chemistry Laboratory/Mathematics of Chemistry Laboratory
## Significant Figures

The following digits are always significant:
* all non-zero digits in the number
* all zeros between non-zero digits in the number
* all zeros right of the decimal point, and at the end of the number
* all zeros to the left of the written decimal point in numbers ≥ 10
For addition and subtraction, the final result should have the same number of decimal places as the added/subtracted value with the smallest number of decimal places.
For multiplication and division, the final result should have the same number of significant figures as the multiplied/divided value with the smallest number of significant figures.

### In the Laboratory

Mass determined by reading a balance should be recorded to as many decimal places as read off the balance, with absolute error as determined by the precision of the balance. Mass differences calculated using a tare should use that number of decimal places in the recorded result.
For graduated cylinders, a general rule is to record the amount to one more decimal place than is marked. For 10mL graduated cylinders, record to the nearest 0.01mL. For 25mL to 100mL graduated cylinders, record to the nearest 0.1mL.

## Absolute Error

Use the precision determination given for the instruments used to determine the level of absolute error in recorded values.
For addition and subtraction, simply add absolute errors of each component in the calculation.
For multiplication and division, convert to relative error first. The relative error value of each component is determined by dividing the error value by the actual component value. The relative error values of all components are added, then multiplied by the final calculated result of the operations on the component values, to find the absolute error of the final result.

## Basic Calculations

There are key calculations that are often used in the course of performing experiments in the chemistry laboratory.
* Isolated mass of substance = [mass of container and substance] - [mass of container]
* Percent yield = ([mass of product] / [mass of initial substance]) * 100
# General Chemistry Laboratory/Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry deals with the quantitative relationships that exist between the reactants and products in chemical reactions. In stoichiometry, the Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. The balanced chemical reaction equation gives the mole ratios of all reactants and products involved. The stoichiometric (equimolar) amount of reactants indicates the exact amount needed for all reactants to be used up simultaneously as the reaction proceeds to completion. If there are not stoichiometric amounts of all reactants, the reactant(s) that are used up at the completion of the reaction are the limiting reactant(s), and the remaining reactants are the reactants in excess.
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Localities/Brisbane

More than 50 key articles relevant to VIB Brisbane, mainly from the NLA's Trove Digitised Newspapers have been transcribed for ease of reference here: Brisbane - Transcriptions and Notes

### 1924+ - Failed B Class

29 Jul 1924 - John Clarey Price (4CE-4FI) reported negotiating for a Brisbane B Class licence, future 4MB?
1 Oct 1924 - Report that efforts being made to interest an entertainment house in establishment of a Brisbane B Class station
22 Nov 1924 - Herbert of the Trocadero announces at meeting that he intends establishing a B class station before Christmas (likely the subject of the 1 Oct 1924 report)
22 Nov 1924 - 4CM operator Elliott places the facilities of the station for regular broadcasts if the traders meet the financial costs

### 4MBS
## References

* ↑ "Broadcasting Station". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16119): p. 2 (SECOND EDITION). 29 July 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183998558. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "RADIO TOPICS". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,174): p. 4. 1 October 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article179602066. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "Radio in Brisbane". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,219): p. 9. 22 November 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183321373. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "Radio in Brisbane". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,219): p. 9. 22 November 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183321373. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Localities/Hobart

More than 50 key articles relevant to VIB Brisbane, mainly from the NLA's Trove Digitised Newspapers have been transcribed for ease of reference here: Brisbane - Transcriptions and Notes

### 1890s - Early Wireless Experiments

Thomas Edward Self
Alfred Harold Masters

### 1900s - Early Wireless Experiments

William Philpot Hallam
Frederick William Medhurst

### 1910s - Amateurs

XZB - Ewan Russell Kirby
XZC - M. or N. H. Harvey
XZD - Frederick William Medhurst
XZE - R. James
XZH - William Philpot Hallam
XZJ - V. Batchler
XZO - W. O. Duffy
XZP - R. S. Dawson

### 1924+ - Failed B Class

29 Jul 1924 - John Clarey Price (4CE-4FI) reported negotiating for a Brisbane B Class licence, future 4MB?
1 Oct 1924 - Report that efforts being made to interest an entertainment house in establishment of a Brisbane B Class station
22 Nov 1924 - Herbert of the Trocadero announces at meeting that he intends establishing a B class station before Christmas (likely the subject of the 1 Oct 1924 report)
22 Nov 1924 - 4CM operator Elliott places the facilities of the station for regular broadcasts if the traders meet the financial costs

### 4MBS
## References

* ↑ "Broadcasting Station". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16119): p. 2 (SECOND EDITION). 29 July 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183998558. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "RADIO TOPICS". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,174): p. 4. 1 October 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article179602066. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "Radio in Brisbane". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,219): p. 9. 22 November 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183321373. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
* ↑ "Radio in Brisbane". The Telegraph (Queensland, Australia) (16,219): p. 9. 22 November 1924. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183321373. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Publications/Amateur Radio/Issues

The following issues have been transcribed (at least in part) to date:

## 1933

Amateur Radio - Vol. 01 No. 01 - October 1933 (A brief start)
Amateur Radio - Vol. 01 No. 02 - November 1933 (A brief start)
Amateur Radio - Vol. 01 No. 03 - December 1933 (A brief start)
# Homotopy Type Theory using the Agda HoTT library
## Forward

This guide is intended to serve as a walk-through for the book Homotopy Type Theory. It will list and discuss all theorems, definitions and exercises in the programming language Agda using the Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT) library.
One should read this book with Agda and the HoTT library installed on their computers. It serves as a complement to the Homotopy Type Theory book, so you should have a copy in hand as you read this.
This guide will follow the HoTT book closely, with appendices at the end for further explanations of the HoTT library.
# Honda Nighthawk/Links/History-Models

MotorEra - general specs and a brief history of all Honda bikes
Nighthawk history from Randy's Nighthawk Pages
Nighthawk history from Paul's Nighthawk Pages
Greg's Nighthawk S Page
w:Honda_CB_series Wikipedia Honda CB series History
# Honda Nighthawk/Fuel System

1984-1986/SB-700/750SC
The Petcock (fuel valve) seems to be an on going issue. This device serves a number of functions which may cause confusion when troubleshooting. They are:
1) Manual fuel ON valve setting for normal operation
2) Manual fuel RESERVE valve setting for reserve operation
3) Manual fuel OFF valve setting
4) Automatic fuel shutoff valve which overrides the manual settings. This valve is operated by engine vacuum via the small rubber hose. The valve opens when the engine is started and closes when the engine is stopped.
5) Primary and secondary fuel filtration. One protrudes into the tank, the other is in the small fuel cup at the bottom of the unit.
Before proceeding, make sure there is a fire extinguisher handy
If the bike has been recently running, turn the petcock to OFF and unscrew the small fuel cup cover on the petcock. Inspect and clean the small circular fuel strainer. Reinstall strainer and cup.
To determine if the petcock is working properly, turn the petcock to the OFF position. Disconnect the fuel line from the petcock and the smaller vacuum line from the carburetor. While holding an empty can under the petcock, turn the valve to the ON position. There should be no gas flow. Suck on the vacuum line or use a hand vacuum pump. Gas should start to flow into the can. Release the vacuum on the line and gas should stop flowing.The above test should also work when the petcock is in the RESERVE position.
If there is no gas flow . Turn the petcock to the OFF position and Ref 4-16 remove the gas tank The manual suggests servicing the petcock while still attached to the tank. It is better to remove the petcock completely and check the filters and the fuel valve diaphragm. If the tank is full, drain out most of the gas through the fill hole. Ref 4-17 in the manual(bottom of page) loosen the petcock lock nut and remove petcock. There should be a tube like fuel strainer attached. If not, check the tank for the strainer and remove it. Remove the O ring. Drain the remaining gas from the tank. Ref 4-16 (bottom of page) carefully remove the cover, spring, and both diaphragms. If the bike has sat for a while, chances are that the diaphragms are stuck in the closed position from gas residue. Exercise care in freeing them. Remove the fuel cup, and the small circular strainer.
Set the petcock valve to ON and inspect the tall fuel tube which sticks up into the tank for gum and varnish residue. Clean with carb cleaner and blow out with compressed air. Set the petcock valve to RESERVE inspect the opening at the base of the tall fuel tube and clean as above. During use, recommend using the RESERVE setting occasionally to prevent the buildup of gum in the passage.
Part of the petcock is assembled with rivets. Some internal components may be rubber and could be affected by prolonged soaking with carb cleaner.
Do not use carb cleaner on the rubber diaphragms. Inspect for tears and wear, Replace if required.
# Honda Nighthawk/Guidelines for Contributors

The initiative for this guide is to consolidate useful Honda Nighthawk servicing information. All contributions are greatly appreciated but please:
1) Keep content as brief and to the point as possible.
2) Specific information pertaining to a model should be referenced as follows:
Example
1984-1986/SB-700SC Low Oil pressure (identify year/model and topic)
Ref 2-12 (Refer to Section 2, page 12 of the Honda manual- the page where the information you are posting is applicable).
3) Please do not completely rewrite what has already been written. A comment on the discussion page regarding your concerns would be appreciated.
# Honda Nighthawk/Links/Part Sources

Sudco New Clutch Parts
ServiceHonda
Honda Parts
Pearl Siren Blue Paint
# Honda Nighthawk
## Introduction

Welcome to the Honda Nighthawk owner repair and maintenance guide. The intention of this effort is to provide owners with helpful concise suggestions and procedures for working on specific Nighthawk models. It is not intended in any way to be used as a substitute for official Honda shop manuals. All procedures mentioned in this guide, where possible are cross referenced to specific pages and should be used in conjunction with the Honda manual.

## Table of contents

    Guidelines for Contributors
    Maintenance
    Tire Selection
    Carburetor Cleaning
    Known Problems
    Restoration
    Long Term Storage

### Troubleshooting

    Starting
    Suspension
    Brakes
    Fuel System
    Ignition System
    Handling
    Lights
    Charging

## External links

* Part Sources
* Performance
* History and Models
* nighthawk-forums.com Nighthawk community
# Homological Algebra/Sequences

Lemma: In an $Ab$-enriched category, if $f$ is a kernel, $g$ is a cokernel of $f$, then $f$ is a kernel of $g$.
Proof: Let $f$ be a kernel of $h$. Since $hf=0$, and $g$ is a cokernel of $f$, there exists $k$ such that $h=kg$. For all $l$ such that $gl=0$, $hl=kgl=k0=0$. Since $f$ is a kernel of $h$, $l$ factorizes uniquely through $f$. $\Box$
Corollary: In an abelian category, consider a sequence $a{\xrightarrow {f}}b{\xrightarrow {g}}c$. The following conditions are equivalent:
* $g$ is a cokernel of $f$ and $f$ is a kernel of $g$.
* $f$ is a monomorphism and $g$ is a cokernel of $f$.
* $g$ is an epimorphism and $f$ is a kernel of $g$.
Definition (short exact sequence):
We call $\cdot {\xrightarrow {f}}\cdot {\xrightarrow {g}}\cdot$ a short exact sequence if it satisfies any of the equivalent conditions above.
Proposition (splitting lemma):
Let ${\mathcal {C}}$ be an abelian category, and suppose that
    $0\longrightarrow A\xrightarrow {\qquad f\qquad } B\xrightarrow {\qquad g\qquad } C\longrightarrow 0$
is a short exact sequence. Then the following are equivalent:
* There exists a morphism $l:B\to A$ so that $l\circ f=\operatorname {id} _{A}$
* There exists a morphism $r:C\to A$ so that $g\circ r=\operatorname {id} _{B}$
* The short exact sequence $0\longrightarrow A\xrightarrow {\qquad f\qquad } B\xrightarrow {\qquad g\qquad } C\longrightarrow 0$ is isomorphic to the short exact sequence $0\longrightarrow A\xrightarrow {\qquad \iota _{A}\qquad } A\oplus C\xrightarrow {\qquad \pi _{C}\qquad } C\longrightarrow 0$
Proof: Suppose first that $0\longrightarrow A\xrightarrow {\qquad f\qquad } B\xrightarrow {\qquad g\qquad } C\longrightarrow 0$ is isomorphic to $0\longrightarrow A\xrightarrow {\qquad \iota _{A}\qquad } A\oplus C\xrightarrow {\qquad pi_{C}\qquad } C\longrightarrow 0$ via isomorphisms $\varphi :A\to A$, $\psi :B\to A\oplus C$ and $\chi :C\to C$. Then there exists $l$ as in 1., since we may just define
    $l:=\varphi ^{-1}\circ \pi _{A}\circ \psi$;
$l$ has the required property since by definition of morphisms of chain complexes, $\psi \circ f=\iota _{A}\circ \phi$, and further $\pi _{A}\circ \iota _{A}=\operatorname {id} _{A}$. Suppose now that there does exist $l:B\to A$ so that $l\circ f=\operatorname {id} _{A}$. Since $A\oplus C$ is a biproduct, it is in particular a product, so that $l$ and $g$ define a unique morphism $\Phi :B\to A\oplus B$ such that
    $l=\pi _{A}\circ \Phi$ and $g=\pi _{B}\circ \Phi$.
Then, $\Phi$, together with the identities on $A$ and $C$, yields an isomorphism of chain complexes. The equivalence of 2. and 3. is a dual statement to the equivalence of 1. and 3., whence it doesn't have to be proved separately. $\Box$
# History of video games/Platforms/Action Max
## History
### Development

The Action Max was developed by Worlds of Wonder, a company founded by former Atari Employees who helped Nintendo distribute the NES in America.

### Launch

Worlds of Wonder had a limited launch of the Action Max in 1987. The system was a poor seller due to needing a VCR, and unable to bail out the company from it's massive debts. Worlds of Wonder went bankrupt in 1988, with many employees going on to join Nintendo.

## Technology

The Action Max ran lightgun games off of VHS tapes. A small seven segment display on the unit displayed the player score.

### Compute

The Action Max CPU is an an 8-bit Hitachi HD401010 clocked at 4MHz. The Action Max has 32 bytes of RAM.

## Notable games

Five games were released for the Action Max.
* The Rescue of Pops Ghostly
* Blue Thunder - Based on the film
* Hydrosub: 2021
* Sonic Fury - Pack in game
* .38 Ambush Alley

## Gallery
### Console

* Headphone and light gun jacks are located on the console front.
* Switches, dials, and the segmented display are on the top of the unit. Note that the top is not smooth, but slightly textured.
* Rear IO ports are on the back of the console.
* The power jack is in the bottom right.

### Accessories

* The Action Max gun controller. Note the lack of an orange tip on the barrel or other indicators to clearly indicate that this is not a real firearm.
* This red light was used to indicate successful hits.
* Action Max Stereo Headphones.
* Sonic Fury PAL VHS tape for Action Max.

### Internals

* Much of the console internals are empty.
* Action Max has a main board and two daughterboards, as well as an internal speaker.
* The casing top is spartan.
* A ring is used to hold the speaker.
* The motherboard bottom.
* The motherboard top, with a two character 7 segment display.
* Note the custom WOW chip, as well as the large number of discrete components compared to integrated circuits.

## References

* 1 2 "System Overview: System Overview - Worlds of Wonder Action Max - Beyond the Mind's Eye - Thoughts & Insights from Marriott_Guy". www.rfgeneration.com. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* 1 2 3 "ActionMax - Game Console - Computing History". www.computinghistory.org.uk. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
* ↑ "BIG TROUBLE IN TOYLAND : Debt-Ridden Worlds of Wonder, the Maker of Teddy Ruxpin, Is Looking for Way Out of Woods". Los Angeles Times. 14 December 1987. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* 1 2 3 4 "Home Page". Video Game Console Library. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
* ↑ "Only In The 80's Would They Put Video Games On A VHS Tape" (in en-us). Kotaku. https://kotaku.com/only-in-the-80s-would-they-put-video-games-on-a-vhs-tap-5786220. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
* ↑ "Action Max". thegamesdb.net. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
* ↑ "About - WoW Action Max - Games Database". www.gamesdatabase.org. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
# History of video games/Platforms/Alienware Concept UFO
## History
### Announcement

The console was first publicly shown on Monday, January 6, 2020 at CES.

### Legacy

By 2022 the console had not been released.
The Alienware Concept Nyx was another notable concept device of the era.

## Technology
### Hardware

The system appeared to use a display with a either a 720P resolution, or a 1200P resolution.

### Software

The system ran Windows 10 as an operating system.

## Refrences

* ↑ Boom, Daniel Van (January 7, 2022). "Alienware Concept UFO shows why portable games are better than streaming (for now)" (in en). CNET. https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/alienware-concept-ufo-shows-why-portable-games-are-better-than-streaming-for-now/.
* ↑ "It's been two years, the Dell Alienware UFO concept is nowhere to be found" (in en). Gaming Nexus. January 7, 2022. https://www.gamingnexus.com/News/48631/Its-been-two-years2c-the-Dell-Alienware-UFO-concept-is-nowhere-to-be-found/.
* ↑ Grunin, Lori (January 4, 2022). "Alienware Concept Nyx CES prototype would solve a big gaming annoyance" (in en). CNET. https://www.cnet.com/tech/gaming/alienware-concept-nyx-ces-prototype-would-solve-big-gaming-annoyance/.
* ↑ Thomas, Bill (6 January 2020). "Hands on: Alienware Concept UFO review" (in en). TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/reviews/alienware-concept-ufo.
* ↑ Gartenberg, Chaim (6 January 2020). "Alienware’s Concept UFO prototype imagines a gaming PC that’s shaped like a Nintendo Switch". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2020/1/6/21048262/alienware-concept-ufo-prototype-gaming-pc-nintendo-switch-ces-2020.
* ↑ Smith, Sherri L. (6 January 2020). "Alienware Concept UFO is a Switch killer that plays PC games" (in en). Tom's Guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/news/alienware-concept-ufo.
# History of video games/Platforms/Ameprod Television Game 10
## History
### Launch

200 trial units were released as early as 1978, with a full launch in 1979 which was met with demand for the system outpacing supply. While shortages of far more important items were common in the communist Polish People's Republic, demand induced game console shortages were also present in the United States around this time as well.

### Legacy

The system was discontinued around 1984. About 100,000 units had been produced.

## Technology

The system was based on the General Instrument AY-3-8500.

## References

* 1 2 3 "Telewizyjna wideogra z Polski [Bajty z brodą"] (in pl). Gadżetomania.pl. https://gadzetomania.pl/3295,telewizyjna-video-gra-z-polski-bajty-z-broda.
* ↑ "COMMUNISM AND BETTER LIFE: POLES FOUND WAIT TOO LONG". The New York Times. 14 December 1981. https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/14/world/communism-and-better-life-poles-found-wait-too-long.html.
* ↑ "COLECO'S NEW VIDEO CHALLENGE". The New York Times. 11 November 1982. https://www.nytimes.com/1982/11/11/business/coleco-s-new-video-challenge.html.
* ↑ "Ameprod Television Game 10". Wikipedia. 30 January 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.