OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caro-Kann Exchange Variation
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 cxd5 4. Bd3 Nc6 5.c3 Nf6
* Bf4
* h3
* Nf3
* Bg5
* Ne2
* Nd2
* Qe2
* f4
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Nunns Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* Modern Chess Openings: MCO-14. 1999. Nick de Firmian, Walter Korn. ISBN 0-8129-3084-3.
* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# Caro-Kann Exchange Variation
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 cxd5 4. Bd3 Nc6 5.c3 Nf6 6. Bf4
* Bg4
* g6
* e6
* Qb6
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Nunns Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* Modern Chess Openings: MCO-14. 1999. Nick de Firmian, Walter Korn. ISBN 0-8129-3084-3.
* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Requisition

A request to Purchasing to obtain a specified quantity of goods or services. Alternatively, a request to Inventory to supply a specified quantity of goods.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Sarbanes - Oxley

US legislation designed to improve the accountability of public corporations.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Service Charge

In the case of a bank, a fee deducted for the bank account in return for handling the transactions associated with the account.
In Accounts Receivable, interest applied to an overdue invoice.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Sales Order

An order received from a customer that has not yet been invoiced. The interval between receiving the order and invoicing it can vary from minutes to, in some industries, months.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Request for Quotation

A document sent to potential suppliers requesting a document specifying how they will meet relatively simple requirements. Contrast with RFP.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Return Material Authorization

Return Material Authorization means the return of goods previously sold and shipped to customers. It may cause credit memos to be issued to Accounts Receivable and may return goods to Inventory. Both of these activities result in data being sent to General Ledger. Each return is assigned a unique number and information is gathered which can be tracked until there is a satisfactory resolution.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Seniority

In union shops, workers are normally laid off in reverse order of their hire date (i.e., the workers that have been there only a short time are laid off first). Often workers with greater seniority are allowed first choice of more attractive shifts as well.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Share

Part ownership of a corporation. Often, there are millions of shares and tens of thousands of shareholders. Shares pay dividends and are divided into two classes: preferred and common. Preferred shares are guaranteed a dividend but generally don't have the right to vote. Stock splits can be declared when the share price has grown too large. Each old share is replaced by two, three, or more new shares of lesser value.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Retainage

An amount (usually a percentage) not paid for a specified number of days when the invoice is paid. Retainage allows the customer to verify that the workmanship is satisfactory.
# ERP Internals/Glossary/Routing

A list of the operations to be performed during the course of manufacturing an item in the sequence in which they will be performed.
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/Summary of RLC Series
## Normal

RL and RC both pocess the same character
* Differential equation of first ordered in the form
    ${\frac {d}{dt}}f(t)+{\frac {1}{T}}=0$
* Which can only has one real root in the form
    $f(t)=Ae^{-{\frac {t}{T}})$
    $A=e^{c}$
LC and RLC both pocess the same character
* Differential equation of second ordered in the form
    ${\frac {d^{2}}{dt^{2}}}f(t)+\alpha {\frac {d}{dt}}f(t)+\beta =0$
* Which can only has one real root in the form
    $f(t)=A(e^{\omega }t+e^{-}\omega t)$
    $A=e^{\alpha }t$
    $\omega ={\sqrt {\alpha ^{2}-\beta ^{2}}}$

## Resonance

At resonance
* LC will generate Oscillation of Standing Sin Wave of frequency
    $\omega ={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$
* RLC will act as Resonant Tuned Selected Bandpass Filter
    $\omega ={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}atI={\frac {V}{R}}$
    $\delta \omega =\omega _{2}-\omega _{1}atI={\frac {V}{2R}}$
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/π
## Configuration

Circuit of 3 resistors connected like a pie π
    I$_{R1}$ = I$_{R2}$ + I$_{R3}$
    ${\frac {v_{i}}{R_{1}}}={\frac {v_{i}-v_{o}}{R_{2}}}+{\frac {v_{o}}{R_{3}}}$
    ${\frac {v_{i}}{v_{o}}}=({\frac {R_{3}}{R_{1}}})({\frac {R_{2}-R_{1}}{R_{2}-R_{3}}})$
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/T
## Configuration

A circuit with 3 resistors connected like a T
If Voltage of R$_2$ is V then
    $V=V_{2}{\frac {R_{1}}{R_{1}+R_{3}}}=V_{1}{\frac {R_{1}}{R_{2}+R_{1}}}$
    ${\frac {V_{2}}{V_{1}}}=({\frac {R_{1}+R_{3}}{R_{1}}})({\frac {R_{1}}{R_{2}+R_{3}}})$
    ${\frac {V_{2}}{V_{1}}}={\frac {R_{3}+R_{1}}{R_{2}+R_{1}}}$
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/Y Delta Conversion
## Δ to Y Conversion

    $R_{a}={\frac {R_{\mathrm {ac} }R_{\mathrm {ab} }}{R_{\mathrm {ac} }+R_{\mathrm {ab} }+R_{\mathrm {bc} }}}$
    $R_{b}={\frac {R_{\mathrm {ab} }R_{\mathrm {bc} }}{R_{\mathrm {ac} }+R_{\mathrm {ab} }+R_{\mathrm {bc} }}}$
    $R_{c}={\frac {R_{\mathrm {bc} }R_{\mathrm {ac} }}{R_{\mathrm {ac} }+R_{\mathrm {ab} }+R_{\mathrm {bc} }}}$

## Y to Δ Conversion

    $R_{\mathrm {ac} }={\frac {R_{a}R_{b}+R_{b}R_{c}+R_{c}R_{a}}{R_{b}}}$
    $R_{\mathrm {ab} }={\frac {R_{a}R_{b}+R_{b}R_{c}+R_{c}R_{a}}{R_{c}}}$
    $R_{\mathrm {bc} }={\frac {R_{a}R_{b}+R_{b}R_{c}+R_{c}R_{a}}{R_{a}}}$
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/Tuned Resonance Selected Band-pass Filter
## Analysis

* At ω = 0 , Capacitor opens circuit . Therefore, I = 0
* At Resonance Frequency , Impedance of L and C cancel out.
    $\omega L={\frac {1}{\omega C}}$
    $\omega ={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$
Therefore, the Impedance of the circuit is R and at minimum value and Current will be at its maximum value
    Z$_L$ - Z$_C$ = 0 .
    Z = Z$_R$ + Z$_L$ + Z$_C$ = Z$_R$ + 0 = R
    $I={\frac {V}{R}}$
* At ω = 0 , Inductor opens circuit . Therefore, I = 0
From three paired value ω and I graph of I - ω can be plotted . From graph
    ωI 00 $\omega ={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$${\frac {V}{R}}$ 000
At resonance frequency $\omega ={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$, current is at its maximum value $I={\frac {V}{R}}$ . If the current is reduced to half the resonance value $I={\frac {V}{2R}}$ then the circuit is respond to a bandwidth of frequencies $\omega _{1}-\omega _{2}$ . Further reduce or increase the value of the current below or above $I={\frac {V}{2R}}$ the circuit will respond to a Wider or Narrower Bandwidth
In conclusion, RLC series can be used as a Resonance Tuned Selectede Band Width Filter by Tuning L or C into Resonance Frquency to have a maximum value . Increasing or Descreasing the value of R to yield a desired bandwidth

## Summary

    Tuned Resonance Selected Band Pass FilterOperation RLC eries 1) Tune L or C into Resonance Frquency$\omega _{o}={\sqrt {\frac {1}{LC}}}$ . Current is at its mmaximum value$I={\frac {V}{R}}$ 2) Reduce Current by increasing R . Current value at $I={\frac {V}{2R}}$ voltage is stable over a band width $\omega _{1}-\omega _{2}$ . Current under the value I < ${\frac {V}{2R}}$ Current is stable over a wide band width $\omega _{1}-\omega _{2}$ . Current over the value I > ${\frac {V}{2R}}$ Current is stable over a narrow band width $\omega _{1}-\omega _{2}$
# Electronics Handbook/Components/Amplifier
## Transformer

    ${\frac {V_{o}}{V_{i}}}={\frac {N_{2}}{N_{1}}}$
When $N_{2}>N_{1}V_{o}>V_{i}$ Transformer acts as Voltage Amplifier

## Transistor

    ${\frac {V_{o}}{V_{i}}}={\frac {R_{2}}{R_{1}}}$
When $R_{2}>R_{1}V_{o}>V_{i}$ Transistor acts as Voltage Amplifier

## Op Amp

    ${\frac {V_{o}}{V_{i}}}=1+{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{1}}}$
When $R_{2}>R_{1}V_{o}>V_{i}$ Transistor acts as Voltage Amplifier
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/RL Series
## Circuit Analysis
### Circuit Impedance

In Polar Coordinate
    $Z=Z_{R}+Z_{L}$ = R/_0 + ω L/_90
    Z = |Z|/_θ = ${\sqrt {R^{2}+(\omega L)^{2}}}$/_Tan$^{-1}$$\omega {\frac {L}{R}}$
In Rectangular Coordinate
    $Z=Z_{R}+Z_{L}=R+j\omega L$
    $Z=R+j\omega L=R(1+j\omega {\frac {L}{R}})$

### Phase Angle of Difference Between Voltage and Current

In RL series circuit, only L is the component that depends on frequency . There is no difference between voltage and current on R . There is an angle difference between voltage and current by 90 degree . When connect R and L in series , there is a difference in angle between voltage and current from 0 to 90 degree which can be expressed as a mathematic formula below
    $Tan\theta =\omega {\frac {L}{R}}=2\pi f{\frac {L}{R}}=2\pi {\frac {1}{t}}{\frac {L}{R}}$
    $\omega =Tan\theta {\frac {R}{L}}$
    $f={\frac {1}{2\pi }}Tan\theta {\frac {R}{L}}$
    $t=2\pi {\frac {1}{Tan\theta }}{\frac {L}{R}}$

### Natural Response

    $L{\frac {dI}{dt}}+IR=0$
    ${\frac {dI}{dt}}=-I{\frac {R}{L}}$
    $\int {\frac {1}{I}}dI=-\int {\frac {L}{R}}dt$
    ln I = $(-{\frac {L}{R}}+c)$
    I = $e^{-{\frac {L}{R}}+c)t$
    I = $e^{c}e^{-{\frac {L}{R}}t)$
    I = $Ae^{-{\frac {L}{R}}t)$

### Time Constant RL

    τ = ${\frac {L}{R}}$
    I = A $e^{-}({\frac {L}{R}})t$
    tI(t) % I$_o$ 0A = e$^C$ = I$_o$100% ${\frac {1}{RC}}$.63 I$_o$63% I$_o$ ${\frac {2}{RC}}$I$_o$ ${\frac {3}{RC}}$I$_o$ ${\frac {4}{RC}}$I$_o$ ${\frac {5}{RC}}$.01 I$_o$10% I$_o$
Current of the circuit is decreased exponentially with time . At time t = 0 I = I$_o$ . At time t = R/L I = 63% I$_o$ . At time t = 5 time time constant I = 10% I$_o$
    I = A $e^{-}({\frac {L}{R}})t$

## Summary

In summary RL series circuit has a first order differential equation of current
    ${\frac {d}{dt}}f(t)+{\frac {1}{T}}=0$
Which has one real root
    $I(t)=Ae^{\frac {t}{T}}$
    $A=e^{c}$
# Electronics Handbook/Circuits/Voltage Divider
## Voltage Divider

If two circuit elements are in series, there is a voltage drop across each element, but the current through both must be the same. The voltage at any point in the chain divides according to the resistances. A simple circuit with two (or more) resistors in series with a source is called a voltage divider.
Figure A: Voltage Divider circuit.

## Transfer Function of Voltage Divider

Consider the circuit in Figure A. According to KVL the voltage $V_{in}$ is dropped across resistors $R_{1}$ and $R_{2}$. If a current i flows through the two series resistors then by Ohm's Law.
    $i={\frac {V_{in}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}$.
So
    $V_{out}=iR_{2}\,\!$
Therefore
    $V_{out}=V_{in}{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}$
    $V_{out}=V_{in}{\frac {R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}$
# Electronics Handbook/Components
## Electronic Components made from Conductors

* Resistors
* Capacitors
* Inductors
* Switches

## Electronic Components made from Magnetic Conductor

* Transformers
* Motor
* Electric Generator
* Relay
* Speaker
* Microphone

## Electronic Components made from Semiconductors

* Diodes
* Transistors
* FET
* Thyristors
* Silicon Controlled Rectifier

## Integrated Circuits

* Operational Amplifier
* Multivibrator
# ETF Mapping

ETF is a direct port of a Quake III mod called Q3F (which has ceased in development) to Enemy Territory. This wikibook covers the use of entities in ETF map making. It is seemingly adapted from the Q3F Map Entity Documentation.

## Table of Contents

* Overview
* Examples
* References
* Entity Definition File
* More to explore
# Eac3to/Features

What eac3to can and can't do can be summarized in the list below:
* Can demux M2TS, TS, EVO, VOB and AOB containers
* Can convert any audio track found in M2TS, TS, EVO, VOB and AOB containers to almost any other audio format
* Can remove useless data (e.g. pulldown flags, filler data, sequence end codes, etc.) from H.264, VC-1 and MPEG-2 video streams
* Can mux H.264, VC-1 and MPEG-2 video streams (video only, no audio) to MKV container
* Can't mux / remux M2TS, TS, EVO, VOB and AOB containers
* Can't demux MKV container
* Can't encode video
Some of the tasks eac3to is able to perform are the following:
* show information about audio files
* decode and encode various audio formats
* remove dialog normalization from AC3, E-AC3, DTS and TrueHD tracks
* extract AC3 stream from Blu-ray Disc TrueHD / AC3 tracks
* extract TrueHD stream from Blu-ray Disc TrueHD / AC3 tracks
* extract DTS core from DTS-HD Hi Res and DTS-HD Master Audio tracks
* remove DTS zero padding and repair outdated DTS-ES headers
* apply positive or negative audio delays
* reduce bitdepth of decoded audio data by using TPDF dithering
* resample decoded audio data (using r8brain)
* apply/reverse PAL speedup on decoded audio data (using r8brain)
* demux all video and audio tracks of an EVO or VOB source file
* join/rebuild multiple EVO or VOB files
* remux the video track of an EVO or VOB source to Matroska
* remove pulldown flags from MPEG-2, VC-1 and H.264 video tracks
# ETF Mapping/Examples
## Examples
### Trigger Types

There are six main sorts of triggers you'll use:
| Brush triggers | This is something like a trigger_multiple - an area brush that triggers when you walk over it. |
| Point triggers | These are used as func_goalinfo entities, and can have mins and maxs set to define their actual size. They trigger when you walk into the defined area surrounding the entity - they can also do other effects, such as showing a model that becomes invisible while active, etc. |
| Untouchable triggers | These are usually set as info_notnull, and act as relays or simply alternative triggers (i.e. two entities with the same name, one only triggerable by blue and one only triggerable by red). |
| Flags | These are used as func_goalitem entities (or func_flag, same thing), and are 'carried' by the player when successfully touched. |
| Standard entities | These are things like func_door, or info_player_start entities - they act in more or less the usual fashion, but the criteria and cascading triggers still operate. |
| Special entities | These are things like the func_commandpoint - new entities that have special behaviour defined by the entity. (More on these later). |

### Sample Flag

A 'flag' is an entity that can only be carried, but only by one team, and does various effects when carried.

### Sample Capture Point

Now we have a flag, we need somewhere to capture it.

### Sample Command Point

To make things a little more interesting, why don't we have a 'scorer' command point that gives players an extra 10 points when they capture the flag?

### Sample Hud

We've forgotten something - we need to show a player if he's carrying the flag or not, or he's liable to get confused (and upset if he finds he's had it for the last 5 minutes without capturing). We need a HUD entity.
# Eac3to

eac3to is an audio/video processing software with focus on new generation HD formats, Blu-ray and HD DVD. It is able to make audio conversions among many formats and various other tasks as well. It has been designed for use under Windows x86, but it runs under Windows x64 and Linux also.

## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Features
* How to Use
* In Depth Technical Explanation
* FAQ
* Planned Future Features
# ETF Mapping/More to explore
## More to explore

This section discusses additional noteworthy features of ETF mapping (not just related to entities) and provides links to further online resources.

### Compiling with q3map2

Here is the complete manual to q3map2: Q3Map2
Make sure you use -fs_game etf , -game et and -custinfoparms switches on each phase of the compile (bsp, vis, light)
Example of a .bat used to compile etf_2stoned:

### Decompiling BSPs into map files

A good way to learn is to examine how specific map features are implemented in an existing map. With the q3map2 tool included with GtkRadiant, you can take a .pk3 archive with the map, extract it and decompile the contained BSP file into a .map file:
The created etf_map_converted.map file is suitable for viewing with GtkRadiant or a text editor.

### Particle system

ETF includes a particle engine for making light effects, sparks, etc. To add a source of particles to your map, create an entity like the one in the example below:
The "script" attribute refers to a script file in one of the *.pk3 archives available to the game engine. To see examples, extract the *.spirit files contained in the pk3s shipped with ETF.
# ETF Mapping/Overview
## Overview
### Purpose

The ETF entities are intended to be an extension to existing entities rather than replacing the current entities (at least, as far as possible). Currently, they're both incomplete and potentially bug-ridden. Many features we'd like to add haven't yet been added, and some entity types will not coexist happily with the extensions.
Initially the entities info_notnull, func_goalitem, func_commandpoint and func_goalinfo defaulted to a 30 second wait when there was NO wait field given. This default wait has been removed since Beta1f to stop some serious issues and make the entities more logical. If your map was based around this default wait, a recompile is needed.
Some of the worldspawn fields have changed, to make them shorter. Q3 couldn't parse the long keys and gave errors on compile. Finally, the ammo_bullets is now called ammo_nails, which is more logical, too.
You can now use the mapinfo files to set atmosphere and class names, names, team names, allied teams, etc. throughout the whole map or for a specified gameindex.

### Basic Principles

Essentially, each entity has a 'state', as follows:
| Invisible | This entity is not triggerable, nor is it visible (although this has some odd side effects, e.g. invisible doors still stop people from walking through them). |
| Disabled | This entity is not triggerable. |
| Inactive | This entity is idle (and can be thought of as 'touchable'). For goalitems, this means 'back at base'. |
| Active | This entity is active, and (depending on its settings), will go back to inactive after a set time. For goalitems, this means 'lying on the ground'. |
| Carried | This state only applies to goalitems. |
When successfully touched by a player, an entity will attempt to go to carried/active state. After a set time, active entities will automatically go back to inactive.
Entities can also trigger other entities in a 'cascade' of triggers, by using <state>target keys, e.g. on a flag entity you might have "carriedtarget" "alarms" - that would activate all 'alarms' entities when a flag became carried.
There are a set of criteria checked before an entity can be triggered (although triggers can also be 'forced' to ignore criteria, more on this later).
In addition to this, players can be 'given' bonuses, and teams can be given scores, as well as having messages and sounds played.

### What it can do

* It can be used to create complex map effects and the like (think of Team Fortress), as well as some degree of 'scripting'.

### What it can't do

* It can't be used as a language in its own right - it will maintain no variables, parse no scripts. This may become available in a future release, but not right now (also, there would be performance questions in a scripting language).
# Comparative Religion

Welcome to the Comparative Religion wikibook. This book is meant to explore world religions while discussing similarities and differences in themes, stories, locations, ideas, etc. Prior knowledge of religious theory should not be needed to understand the content of this book. Feel free to contribute, or ask questions on the discussion page.

## Contents

* Why study other religions?
* History of religion
* Myth, story, history, archetype
* Gods
* Heroes
* Suffering and justice
* The city
* Rituals
* Places of power
** Temples and schools
** Stones
** Trees
** The Garden
** The Maze
* Life as sacred
* Death as sacred
* Love
* Sex
* The other world
* The afterlife
* Faith and freedom
* Creation

## References
### See Also

* Philosophy of Religion

### Books

* Boquet, A. C. (Reprint with revisions 1969) Comparative Religion: A Short Outline. Baltimore: Penguin Books ISBN 1199181277
* Leeming, David Adams (1990) The World of Myth: An Anthology. New York:Oxford University Press ISBN 0195056019

### Internet sites

* Virtual Religion Index

### Courses

* Oden, Robert (Presenter) (1998) God and Mankind: Comparative Religion Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company
# Comparative Religion/Why study other religions?

Why study other religions? I think I will try to answer that question from a personal perspective. The question then becomes, how can it benefit me or how can it help me benefit others by knowing something about their religions.
If I am concerned about others, I will be interested in their lives. What problems do they have and how do they face them? Certainly religion plays a part in those things. How do I meet them? Should I assume that everyone is like me - that they have the same hope and dreams, that they see the world the same? It is often the case that people make these assumptions when they meet but it is evident that much confusion and misunderstanding would be prevented if instead, the assumptions held were that new acquainanced were discoveries to be made. Connection is made when I understand another person's point of view. I can connect on points of similarity but I can also connect on shared interest in differences.
If I want to be a benefit to others, I need to understand their world view. Some attempts to help an individual that hold different beliefs may actually be taboo in their religion. Can I be of any benefit to them if they reject me?
In a different vein, I am a Christian. I would not be a Christian if I did not think that Christianity held an accurate view of reality. Yet, on studying other religions, I find that they have different focuses on life and have come to more indepth understanding in some elements of life than I have found in my own system of beliefs. For instance, although Christianity has somewhat to say about materialism and self discipline, Buddhism has explored the issues in much more depth. The native religions of North America have much to say about what it is to live a balanced life. In an age of frantic extremes, balance is greatly needed. I find that other religious people have much of value to say.
And finally, and I think also relevant to this book, it is pleasant to sit back and read the tales of other people that give voice to their spirit as a people, their aspirations, their hopes and dreams.
# Comparison of crank based leg mechanism

* Introduction
* Dimensions
* Legs
** Comparison Table
** Types of Walking
** Locus (footpath)
** coordinates of the Locus (footpath)
*** extra simple walker
*** Klann Table 1
*** Klann Table 2
*** Jansen Linkage
*** Ghassaei Linkage
*** Plantigrad machine
*** mechanism with groove
*** TrotBot
* Machines
** Animation
** lateral and longitudal walker
** stability
* Further reading
** Circular Locus
** Extra simple Walker
** mechanism with groove
** Klann linkage Wikipedia, Wikibooks
** Strandbeest
*** Strandbeest:Wikipedia
*** Jansen Linkage: Jansen linkage
*** how to draw the Jansen linkage
*** typical errors and modifications
** Chebyshev's Lambda Mechanism Wikipedia
* weblinks