OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CIW Certification/Study Guides

Welcome to the ProSoft CIW Certification Study Guide Index. Here you can find various study guides and notes helpful in completing the CIW Certification track. This page is still a work in progress and is open to any contributions you may wish to add.
Available Guides
* Foundations Exam
** Internet Business Foundations
** Site Development Foundations
** Network Technology Foundations
* Site Designer Exam
* E-Commerce Designer Exam
* Server Administrator Exam
* Internetworking Professional Exam
* Security Professional Exam
* JavaScript Fundamentals Exam
* Perl Fundamentals Exam
* Application Developer Exam
* Sun Certified Programmer for Java 2 Sun Exam
* Database Specialist Exam
* Enterprise Specialist Exam
# CIW Certification/Study Guides/E-Commerce Designer Exam
## E-Commerce Designer Exam

SKILLS MEASURED
A CIW E-Commerce Designer focuses on standards, technologies and practices for both business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce models. This individual understands and facilitates relationships among marketing, promotion, customer service, user interaction, purchasing methods, and secure transactions by using SSL and SET, payment gateways, inventory control, shipping and order information and site performance testing and evaluation. The CIW v5 E-Commerce Designer exam 1D0-525 tests the following common core of Internet skills:

### E-Commerce Site Development

* Evaluate an e-commerce site to maximize audience usability.
* Develop and host an e-commerce site using instant storefront services and stand-alone e-commerce software.
* Implement e-commerce-based learning solutions.
* Implement inventory and fulfillment strategies for an e-commerce site.
* Implement payment-processing services for an e-commerce site.
* Develop a knowledge base.

### E-Commerce Technology and Security

* Define and use standards, initiatives and e-commerce frameworks that support supplier transactions.
* Configure Web server software for an e-commerce site.
* Analyze and improve e-commerce site performance.
* Secure e-commerce transactions.
* Secure an e-commerce site.

### E-Commerce Business, Marketing and Legal Issues

* Identify the effects of e-commerce on business operations and revenue generation.
* Identify legal and governmental issues in e-commerce.
* Implement effective marketing for an e-commerce site.
* Implement strategies for effective customer service and manage customer relationships in e-commerce operations.
# CIW Certification/Study Guides/Application Developer Exam

SKILLS MEASURED
A CIW Application Developer creates interactive Web pages using client-side and server-side Web applications; accesses relational database systems from Web applications; implements applications using component technology; and creates parameters for environment variables. Skills measured in the 1D0-430 exam include but are not limited to the following:
# CH 12 Medieval Europe
## Medieval Europe

* Barbarians to Kingdoms
* Evolution of Feudal Europe
* Arts achievements and Warfare
* Medieval Church and Reformation
# ProSoft CIW Certification Exam Study

Welcome to the ProSoft Certified Internet Webmaster Certification School. Here you will find resources that will help you to pass the ProSoft CIW exam. The ProSoft CIW certification school provides an online access to the resources necessary to become CIW certified. All resources and study material are free to CIW Certification candidates.
CIW Certification Home Page Certified Internet Web Professional (CIW) is the world's largest Web design certification program with over 84,000 CIW issued certificates. Get started now in Web design, project management, e-business and more.
CIW Candidate Information Center : Register or Login If you have never taken a CIW exam before, you will be prompted to enter identifying information that will be used to create your personalized CIW ID number and account. Once you have logged in, you will be able to:
* Update contact information.
* View personal CIW exam and certification history.
* View CIW certification progress.
* Forward validated CIW certification credentials to a third party.
* Download CIW certification logos.
* Check the delivery status of a CIW certificate.
CIW Certificate and Exam Information
CIW Forums
* CertGuard
* CertForums
* The Antique Gique
Study Guides : Study Guide Index (Under Construction)
CIW Certification Exam Resources
CIW Certification Results on ProProfs WebSchool
CIW Certification Results on ProProfs QuizSchool
CIW Certification Results on ProProfs Flashcards
CIW Certification Books on Amazon
Acronyms : A glossary of CIW Related Acronyms

## Additional Resources

W3C World Wide Web Consortium - The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international consortium where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards.
Internet Society - The mission of the Internet Society (ISOC) is to promote the open development, evolution, and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world.
Internet Architecture Board - The IAB is chartered both as a committee of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and as an advisory body of the Internet Society (ISOC).
The Internet Engineering Task Force - The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
Internet Research Task Force - The IRTF Mission is to promote research of importance to the evolution of the future Internet by creating focused, long-term and small Research Groups working on topics related to Internet protocols, applications, architecture and technology.
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers - ICANN is responsible for the global coordination of the Internet's system of unique identifiers.
# CIW Certification/Study Guides/Database Specialist Exam

SKILLS MEASURED
A CIW Database Specialist plans and designs relational databases. This individual defines the structure of a database, employs Entity Relationship (ER) diagrams and normalization to optimize databases, builds database client applications, and performs database maintenance and security administration. Skills measured in the 1D0-441 exam include but are not limited to:
# CIW Certification/Study Guides/Enterprise Specialist Exam

Skills measured:
A CIW Enterprise Specialist builds n-tier database business solutions using Java in conjunction with distributed application architecture technologies such as Enterprise JavaBeans and CORBA. The Enterprise Specialist designs, develops and deploys complete software solutions tailored to a given business domain. Skills measured in the 1D0-442 exam include but are not limited to the following:
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strncpy
#### strncpy

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char *strncpy( char *to, const char *from, size_t count ); |
The strncpy function copies at most count characters of from to the string to. Only if from has less than count characters, is the remainder padded with '\0' characters. The return value is the resulting string.

##### Related topics

    memcpy - strchr - strcpy - strncat - strncmp
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strrchr
## strrchr

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char *strrchr( const char *str, int ch ); |
The function strrchr returns a pointer to the last occurrence of ch in str, or NULL if no match is found.

### Related topics

    strchr - strcspn - strpbrk - strspn - strstr - strtok
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strstr
#### strstr

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char *strstr( const char *str1, const char *str2 ); |
The function strstr returns a pointer to the first occurrence of str2 in str1, or NULL if no match is found. If the length of str2 is zero, then strstr will simply return str1.
For example, the following code checks for FPIFCthe existence of one string within another string:
When run, the above code displays this output:

##### Related topics

    memchr - strchr - strcspn - strpbrk - strrchr - strspn - strtok
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strtod
#### strtod

| Syntax | #include <cstdlib> double strtod( const char *start, char **end ); |
The function strtod returns whatever it encounters first in start as a double. end is set to point at whatever is left in start after that double. If overflow occurs, strtod returns either HUGE_VAL or -HUGE_VAL.
results in x being set to 42.0.

##### Related topics

    atof
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strtok
#### strtok

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char *strtok( char *str1, const char *str2 ); |
The strtok function returns a pointer to the next "token" in str1, where str2 contains the delimiters that determine the token. strtok returns NULL if no token is found. In order to convert a string to tokens, the first call to strtok should have str1 point to the string to be tokenized. All calls after this should have str1 be NULL.
For example:
The above code will display the following output:

##### Related topics

    strchr - strcspn - strpbrk - strrchr - strspn - strstr
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strlen
#### strlen

| Syntax | #include <cstring> size_t strlen( char *str ); |
The strlen function returns the length of str (determined by the number of characters before null termination).

##### Related topics

    memcpy - strchr - strcmp - strncmp
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strncat
#### strncat

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char *strncat( char *str1, const char *str2, size_t count ); |
The function strncat concatenates at most count characters of str2 onto str1, adding a null termination. The resulting string is returned.

##### Related topics

    strcat - strchr - strncmp - strncpy
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strncmp
#### strncmp

| Syntax | #include <cstring> int strncmp( const char *str1, const char *str2, size_t count ); |
The strncmp function compares at most count characters of str1 and str2. The return value is as follows:
| Return value | Explanation |
| less than 0 | str1 is less than str2 |
| equal to 0 | str1 is equal to str2 |
| greater than 0 | str1 is greater than str2 |
If there are less than count characters in either string, then the comparison will stop after the first null termination is encountered.

##### Related topics

    strchr - strcmp - strcpy - strlen - strncat - strncpy
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strpbrk
## strpbrk

| Syntax | #include <cstring> char * strpbrk( const char *str, const char *ch ); |
The function strpbrk returns a pointer to the first occurrence of any character within ch in str, or NULL if no characters were not found.

### Related topics

    strchr - strrchr - strstr
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/strspn
#### strspn

| Syntax | #include <cstring> size_t strspn( const char *str1, const char *str2 ); |
The strspn function returns the index of the first character in str1 that doesn't match any character in str2.

##### Related topics

    strchr - strpbrk - strrchr - strstr - strtok
# Back Pain

Millions of people suffer back pain. This book is a self-help guide to dealing with back pain, written by people who have experienced back pain themselves and by doctors who specialise in the subject. Particular emphasis is placed on the experience people have had with different treatment options.

## Authors

Dr Gordon Cameron: Dr Cameron is a specialist in joint pain and back pain. He is based in Edinburgh, Scotland.

## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Causes
* Treatment
** First Aid Treatment for Back Pain
** Behavior Based Treatment
** Drug Based Treatment
** Surgery Based Treatment
# Back Pain/Causes

Back pain is caused by a variety of reasons. In a young person, the most common cause is bad posture. Reading in bed in an abnormal tilt of spine or working on a computer in an abnormal posture are the commonest culprits. Injuries are another reason for backache in the young. In developing countries tuberculosis of spine is something to look for. Finally malignancy of spine is also quite common in causing back pain.
In older people, injuries remain one of the most common reasons. The cushion between vertebrae (discs) become frail and tend to protrude in to the space between vertebrae leading to severe pain going down to lower limbs. An emergency may arise if urine retention occurs. In women infection of pelvis is a cause of chronic back ache. Malignancy is kept in mind in all cases.
* Discogenic pain
* Diagnostic work up for acute back pain.
# Images

In CRE Loaded there are images everywhere - especially in the catalog. Anything settings that relate to pictures globally are kept here.

## Enable Additional Images?

Turn this feature on in order that there are more than one picture in each product's page.

## Calculate Image Size

Turn this feature on in order that the server automatically calculates the size of images.

## Image Required

If this is switched on the browser will be told to expect an image. If a main product image does not exist a picture error box will appear on the page.

## Heading Image Width

If you have the calculate image size option switched on this will be the width of the heading image in pixels that will be calculated.

## Heading Image Height

If you have the calculate image size option switched on this will be the height of the heading image in pixels that will be calculated.

## Subcategory Image Width

If you have the calculate image size option switched on this will be the height of the subcategory image in pixels that will be calculated.
# CRE Loaded Features/Configuration/Maximum Values
## Address Book Entries

This is the maximum number of addresses that customers can keep in their accounts.

## Search Results

This is the maximum number of search results to return - as many people rarely look beyond the first page of the search this option may save some of your server's power.

## Page Links

This is the number of page links to display in xxx.

## Special Products

The maximum number of products to display that are on special.

## New Products Module

This is the maximum number of new products to display.

## Products Expected

This is the maximum number of products expected to display in the products expected box.

## Manufacturers List

If the number of manufacturers exceeds this number a drop down menu will be used instead of a list box.

## Manufacturers Select Size

Set this option to 1 if you want a drop down.
Set this option to more than 1 if you want to have a list box.

## Length of Manufacturers Name

Enter the maximum length of a manufacturer's name.

## New Reviews

Limit the length of your customers' new reviews here in characters.

## Selection of Random Reviews

You can alter the number of entries displayed when customers are presented with a random selection of reviews.

## Selection of Random New Products

You can alter the number of entries displayed when customers are presented with a random selection of new products.

## Selection of Products on Special

You can alter the number of entries displayed when customers are presented with a random selection of products on special.

## Categories To List Per Row

You can choose number of categories per row customer is presented with a list of categories.

## New Products Listing

The number of new products to list in the new products listing.

## Best Sellers

Limit the number of products listed when the customer is presented with a list of best sellers.

## Also Purchased

Limit the number of products in the list when the site recommends to an item's purchaser products that customers also purchased.

## Customer Order History Box

You can control the number of orders in the order history box that is displayed.

## Order History

Put the maximum number of orders that is displayed in order history.

## Product Featured Maximum Display

The maximum number of featured products in the Product Featured box.

## Product Featured Display Results

The maximum number results to display when the customer clicks on the Product Featured link.
# CRE Loaded Features/Configuration/Minimum Values
## First Name

This is the minimum number of characters you allow a first name to have. A reasonable number is 2, any more and people called Jo cannot use your store!

## Last Name

This is the minium number of characters that a last name (surname) can have - as with first name 2 is a reasonable number.

## Date of Birth

This is the earliest date you allow people to use as their date of birth. Of course setting this date too late will mean you cannot benefit from the custom of "silver surfers".

## E-Mail Address

This is the shortest number of characters you would like to allow in an email address.

## Street Address

This is the shortest number of characters in the street address that you will allow a customer to have.

## Company

This is the least number of characters that you will allow a company to register.

## Post Code

This is the shorted number of characters to allow when a customer registers their post code.

## City

This is the shortest number of letters that you will allow a customer's city to be.

## State

This is the shortest number of letters that you will allow for a state.

## Telephone Number

This is the shortest number of digits you will allow in the registering customer's telephone number.

## Password

This is the shortest password that you will allow registered customers to have. Make this short enough for customers to remember and long enough so that you do not open security risks.

## Credit Card Owner Name

This is the shortest number of letters you will allow in a credit card owner's name.

## Credit Card Number

This is the shortest credit card number that you will allow.

## Review Text

This is the shortest number of characters that you will allow when a customer makes a review.

## Best Sellers

This is the shortest list of best sellers that you will display on your site.

## Also Purchased

This is the shortest list of products that will be displayed in the customers who bought this also purchased part of the page when a customer is looking at the front page.

## X-Sell

This is the minimum number of products to be displayed in the x-sell box.
# Canadian Criminal Law/Offences/Bribery
## Legislation

   Bribery of judicial officers, etc. 119. (1) Every one is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years who
       (a) being the holder of a judicial office, or being a member of Parliament or of the legislature of a province, directly or indirectly, corruptly accepts, obtains, agrees to accept or attempts to obtain, for themselves or another person, any money, valuable consideration, office, place or employment in respect of anything done or omitted or to be done or omitted by them in their official capacity, or
       (b) directly or indirectly, corruptly gives or offers to a person mentioned in paragraph (a), or to anyone for the benefit of that person, any money, valuable consideration, office, place or employment in respect of anything done or omitted or to be done or omitted by that person in their official capacity.
   Consent of Attorney General (2) No proceedings against a person who holds a judicial office shall be instituted under this section without the consent in writing of the Attorney General of Canada.
   R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 119; 2007, c. 13, s. 3.
   Bribery of officers 120. Every one is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years who
       (a) being a justice, police commissioner, peace officer, public officer or officer of a juvenile court, or being employed in the administration of criminal law, directly or indirectly, corruptly accepts, obtains, agrees to accept or attempts to obtain, for themselves or another person, any money, valuable consideration, office, place or employment with intent
          (i) to interfere with the administration of justice,
          (ii) to procure or facilitate the commission of an offence, or
          (iii) to protect from detection or punishment a person who has committed or who intends to commit an offence; or
       (b) directly or indirectly, corruptly gives or offers to a person mentioned in paragraph (a), or to anyone for the benefit of that person, any money, valuable consideration, office, place or employment with intent that the person should do anything mentioned in subparagraph (a)(i), (ii) or (iii).
   R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 120; 2007, c. 13, s. 4.
   – CCC
# Canadian Criminal Law/Offences/Carrying a Concealed Weapon
## Legislation

   Carrying concealed weapon 90. (1) Every person commits an offence who carries a weapon, a prohibited device or any prohibited ammunition concealed, unless the person is authorized under the Firearms Act to carry it concealed.
   – CCC

## Proof of Offence

In addition to the essential elements of jurisdiction, time and identity, the crown should prove the following:
* the accused was in Possession of an item
* the item is a weapon as defined in s. 2, prohibited device or prohibited ammunition
* the accused knew the item was a weapon, prohibited device or prohibited ammunition
* the item was concealed by the accused
* the accused intended to conceal the item

## Interpretation

Concealed It must be proved that the accused hid the object so that it would not be detected, and that he knew the object to be a weapon.
Storing a firearm in a manner mandated by the Firearms Act is not considered concealing.
* ↑ R. v. Felawka, [1993] 4 S.C.R. 199 1993 CanLII 36
# Applicable Mathematics/Bivariate Data
## Bivariate Data

Bivariate Data is data of two quantitative variables. This kind of data is analogous to what is known as univariate data, which is data of one quantitative variable (which could also have been deduced from their prefixes: "bi" means two and "uni" means one).
Bivariate data is used mainly in statistics. It is used in studies that include measures of central tendencies (i.e. mean, median, mode, midrange), variability, and spread. In each study, more than one variable is collected, like in medical studies. Height and weight of individuals might want to be obtained, not just height or weight. Bivariate data is the comparing of two quantitative variables of an individual, and can be shown graphically through histograms, scatterplots, or dotplots.

## Example

Based on the data given below, do women generally marry at a younger age than men do?
In this example, we are given two variables: gender and age. The data is given to us below:
10 men's and women's ages of when they were married
Men:
25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 33, 36, 38, 40
Women:
19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30
With this data, you can create a histogram to graphically see the results and how they relate to one another. Then, find the mean of each separate chart. The mean age of when men get married is:
25 + 26 + 27 + 29 + 30 + 31 + 33 + 36 + 38 + 40
10
= 31.5
The mean age of when women get married is:
19 + 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 + 25 + 26 + 28 + 29 + 30
10
= 24.3
Both distributions are slightly skewed to the right, meaning that more of the data values occur to the left of the mean than to the right.
So, based on our data, women do typically marry at a younger age than men do.