# 4. What is served on my plate? Benefits of Public Digital Backbone

Introduction:
“A robust Digital Infrastructure is a facilitator for social welfare, justice, and empowerment. It enables the access to quality education, health care, and social protection for all, especially the marginalized and vulnerable groups. It also enables the protection of human rights, privacy, and dignity in the digital sphere.” -Malala Yousafzai, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and activist
Beyond the evident technological advancements, what does a robust Public Digital Backbone bring to the table for citizens, businesses, and governments? Here we delve into the multifaceted benefits of such an infrastructure, ranging from enhanced service delivery to fostering innovation. We'll evaluate the ripple effects of these benefits on the broader economy, governance, and societal well-being.

### Enhancing access to financial services

Public Digital Backbone has been pivotal in broadening the reach of financial services in India, ensuring more inclusive financial participation. The Aadhaar system, a biometric identity platform, is a stellar example. It has been instrumental in streamlining the process of opening bank accounts, making it more accessible to the rural and underserved populations. Additionally, the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) facilitates real-time money transfers across different banks, ensuring seamless transactions even for those with minimal banking experience. Such initiatives reduce the reliance on traditional brick-and-mortar banking setups, and provide an impetus for financial inclusion, bridging the urban-rural divide and empowering millions with financial tools and resources.

### Streamlining welfare schemes and reducing corruption

In recent years, India has leveraged Public Digital Backbone to bring significant improvements to its vast array of welfare schemes. With Aadhaar, the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) mechanism was initiated, ensuring that subsidies and welfare benefits reached the intended recipients directly, eliminating intermediaries. This not only streamlined the delivery of benefits, making it faster and more efficient but also drastically reduced the scope for corruption and pilferage. Moreover, platforms like the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) have further simplified monetary transactions, providing an additional layer of transparency and accountability to public funds' management. Consequently, such infrastructural innovations have fostered trust in public systems and enhanced the effectiveness of welfare programs, ensuring that the benefits are felt by the neediest sections of society.

### Improving public service delivery

Public Digital Backbone has been instrumental in transforming the landscape of public service delivery in India. With the adoption of digital platforms like the Aadhaar biometric system, citizens now have a unique identification that streamlines various governmental processes. For instance, the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme leverages Aadhaar to directly transfer subsidies and benefits to citizens, eliminating intermediaries and reducing corruption. The National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) aims to provide every Indian citizen with a digital health ID, facilitating seamless access to medical records and enhancing healthcare efficiency. The e-NAM (National Agriculture Market) allows farmers to sell their produce online, ensuring better price realization and reducing middlemen. Such initiatives, underpinned by Public Digital Backbone, ensure timely, transparent, and efficient delivery of public services, ultimately elevating the user experience for millions of Indians.

### Fostering innovation and entrepreneurship

In India, the establishment of a robust Public Digital Backbone has acted as a catalyst for innovation and entrepreneurship. One notable example is the Aadhaar system, a biometric identification database, which not only streamlined citizen verification processes but also paved the way for innovative fintech solutions. Startups utilized Aadhaar for seamless KYC (Know Your Customer) verifications, thereby accelerating financial inclusion for millions. Furthermore, the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) facilitated the emergence of a plethora of digital payment platforms like PhonePe and Google Pay, transforming how India transacts. The digital public infrastructure, by providing foundational technological platforms and data accessibility, has enabled entrepreneurs to ideate and implement solutions that are more closely aligned with the unique challenges and opportunities present in the Indian landscape.