OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Programming with Moose/Syntax/before, after and around

before, after, and around are method modifiers. They give control over the chain of events around the actual call to a method. This allows the user to do simple things, easily. Two of the keywords before, and after, do nothing more than trigger code. While around permits dynamic rewriting of the arguments.
These features are documented only in Class::MOP.

## Infinite recursion

It might be tempting to call the function that the modifier is attached to within the modifier's sub. This is bad; observe the following and never do it:
The result is a bad infinite loop:
* ->foo
* The after modifier executes and calls ->foo
* ->foo
* The after modifier executes and calls ->foo
* ad infinitum

## Argument rewriting
### What not to do

This is an example of what most people think will work, but it doesn't: the hackish solution that it seems everyone must attempt once. Observe what you should never do!!:
which returns:
Here you might figure this works, because your able to hack a method of modification into method. but be aware, employing this technique will yield a drastic difference when you pass something other than a reference.
Almost surely not what you were looking for? Don't worry, now for what you should do.

### What to do

The Way of the Moose&#153; is simple, use the more suited around. Moose makes it very direct and clear what you intend to do. Using around your modifier will get: (a) the name of the desired method, (b) a reference to self, and (c) the arguments sent to the function. You can then $self->$sub( @args ) if you wish to dispatch the function or totally rewrite or halt the call.
returns the following:

## Footnotes

* ^ Unless you are writing comprehensive tutorials on both what to do, and not do.
* ^ For the more astute coder, the my ( $self, $scalar ) = @_; isn't the culprit here. Direct access on $_[1] will result in a runtime death. @_ is actually a constant.
* ^ Not to suggest Moose ever does things that regular perl would not allow... just that here is one of the many areas people wish it would..
# Puppy Linux/Adding & removing software
## PETGet

The official software package for Puppy Linux.

## DotPup

The community software package for Puppy Linux.

## Debian

Puppy can install Debian packages with some tweaking. As these packages are made for other linux distributions and not puppy specifically, some install and function directly and well, but others may not work due to dependencies (system files) that the package maker assumes will be on your system, are not, due to the 'cut down' nature of the Puppy system. These dependencies need to be installed separately.

## Slackware

Puppy Linux 3 had Slackware package compatibility.
# Puppy Linux/Connecting to the internet
## Dial-up

There are two types of dial-up modems, software (extremely common) and hardware. Most software modems (winmodems) have poor support under Linux so consider buying an external (hardware) serial modem. Puppy Linux supports software modems with chipsets of either Lucent Linmodem or Smart-Link.

### Connecting

GKDial/Pupdial is a graphical tool. Wvdial is a command line tool.
* The Puppy Linux Barrier: Dial Up Modems
* Dial up forum

## Wired Broadband

* Click connect on your desktop.
* Click connect by network interface.
* Click Load driver.
* Click save.

## Wireless Broadband
### Graphical

* Click connect on your desktop.
* Click connect by network interface.
* Click Load driver.
* Click save.

### via the Command-line
## External Links

* General Networking forum
* Ethernet (Wired) forum
* Wireless forum
# Puppy Linux/Applications

* Seamonkey is a web browser/e-mail client and IRC client.
* Abiword is a word processor.
* Gnumeric is a spreadsheet.
* Gxine is a media player.
* Fotox/GTKSee is a photo manager.
* Mtpaint is an graphics editor.
* Attym/Pidgin/GAIM is an instant messenger.
* Geany/Leafpad are GUI text editors.
* Rxvt is a command line.
* PSIP is software that allows users to make telephone calls over the Internet (VOIP).
* Petch is a command line package locator and installer.
* PMusic is music player/management software.
# Puppy Linux breaths educational life into old PCs

Puppy runs good even with only 64MB RAM replacing Win95 in old machines and is a very good OS replacement for pre Pentium III era machines or anything with 128MB of RAM or less. Installing some educational software packages in Puppy can be of great value in educational environments like (pre)schools etc.

## Educational puppy derivatives

* EduPup 2.0 Beta (Italian & English)
* Ludo-éducative ASRI Edu French puplet
* HanSamBen pre-release (English & Spanish)

## Educational software applications
### Edutainment suites

* ActivitesEPI: 9 applications.
Comparison, 3 Mazes standard / hidden / relative, 2 dominoes Memory / images, Batteries, Sequence, Crossing
* Childsplay a set of educational games for children (memory, recognition of sounds, letters or numbers, arithmetic).
flash cards, association "sound-images", mazes, game viewing, memory, puzzle ...
* Gcompris more than one hundred edutainment for children 2 to 10 years.
computer discovery, mathematics, science, geography, classic games, reading, drawing ... How to install Gcompris in Puppy 4.3?
* Kdeedugames pack01: 5 applications
Blinken, klettres, Kturberling, Kanagram, khangman
* The Terriers (french): a suite of free software for education. Especially oriented school use, as created by teachers for teachers.
Reading, spelling, phonology, mathematics ... In total, twenty activities! To us the numbers go, Associations, calculation, calculation reflected, Paths, Contour, Devine, Kidistb, Labyrinth, glossary, Mulot, Operations, Problems, Suites, Syllaphon, Symcolor tables
* Omitux Omnitux offers edutainment around multimedia elements (images, sounds, texts). You will forgive imperfections, is a young project (promising).
associations, images on a map or diagram, counting activities, puzzles, card store ...
* OOo4Kids.
OpenOffice.org for Kids, The idea is to provide a 7-12 years software, based on OpenOffice.org
* Pysycache: 4 to 6 years old will learn to manipulate the mouse.
movement, click, double click, drag and drop
* Tux4Kids: Following Tux4Kids includes three software (Tuxpaint tuxmath and tuxtype).
Tuxpaint, program for drawing with a collection of funny stamps Tuxmath, software training in mental arithmetic. Tuxtype, assists in learning the keyboard using the 10 fingers and a game with letters and words
* TuxPuck - Classic game of table hockey game.
* Zindoze ludoedu pack01: 7 applications.
mathematics, French, Geography, Science

## Educational (school)projects
### Some examples

* Puppy Linux in School Lab at Novara, Italy
# Puppy Linux/Booting
## From CD

Ensure your BIOS is set to boot from CD.
* Insert the Puppy CD.
* Reboot.

## From USB

* Booting 1 series from USB with floppy

## From Windows

* How to run Puppy 1 series from Windows NTFS partition
# Puppy Linux/Customizing

* Click Menu.
* Click Desktop.
* Click JWM Configuration.
The desktop shortcuts are contained in /root/Choices/ROX-Filer/PuppyPin
* The menu is contained in /root/.fvwm95rc (1 series)
* The menu is contained in /root/.jwmrc (2-4 series)

## External links

* Audio hardware forum
* Video hardware forum
* Printers forum
* Where is Puppy's desktop folder?
* how to change the pulldown menu font?
* Beautiful cursors - new version
# Puppy Linux/Getting

Download the official release from iBiblio.org.
Various versions are available. Look for the latest, 5.0. A retro version is also provided - use this if you encounter problems with the standard version.
Standard 4.2.1 with this md5sum (for checking a good download). Retro 4.2.1 with this md5sum (for checking a good download).
# Puppy Linux/Getting involved

Testing alphas and betas and bug reporting.

## Podcasts

* 2007-2009
* 2005-2006

## Documenting

* Recording video tutorials
* Answering unanswered posts.

## Community Register

* Community Register

## Hosting

Seeding a torrent. Becoming a mirror (repo) site.

## International

* Translation and Localization.
* Frappr Map.
* Donations

## Promotion

* General Promotional ideas
# DESCRIPTION:

Throws control back to a previous catch.
THROW is a native value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- Value returned from catch (Type: any-type)

# REFINEMENTS

* /name -- Throws to a named catch.
** word -- (Type: word)
# DESCRIPTION:

Evaluates a block, which if it results in an error, throws that error.
THROW-ON-ERROR is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* blk -- (Type: block)

# (SPECIAL ATTRIBUTES)

* throw
# DESCRIPTION:

Returns a copy of the title of a function.
TITLE-OF is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- (Type: any)
# DESCRIPTION:

(undocumented)
TO-BINARY is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- (Type: any)
# DESCRIPTION:

(undocumented)
TO-BITSET is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- (Type: any)
# DESCRIPTION:

Returns the third value of a series.
THIRD is an action value.

# ARGUMENTS

* series -- (Type: series date port time tuple any-function struct event object)
# DESCRIPTION:

Causes an immediate error throw with the provided information.
THROW-ERROR is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* err-type -- (Type: word)
* err-id -- (Type: word)
* args -- (Type: any)
# DESCRIPTION:

Constructs and returns a new value after conversion.
TO is an action value.

# ARGUMENTS

* type -- The datatype or example value. (Type: any-type)
* spec -- The attributes of the new value. (Type: any-type)
# DESCRIPTION:

(undocumented)
TO-BLOCK is a function value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- (Type: any)
# DESCRIPTION:

Returns TRUE for time values.
TIME? is an action value.

# ARGUMENTS

* value -- (Type: any-type)
# Sections

1. Exercise on Page 35
# Solutions To Mathematics Textbooks/Topics In Algebra (2nd) 9788126510184/Vector Spaces And Modules

In the proof of thm 6.4.1.P.T.v1,v2,.....,vn. is a basis of v.
# Solutions to General Chemistry (Linus Pauling)
## Contents

* The Nature and Properties of Matter
* The Atomic and Molecular Structure of Matter
* The Electron the Nuclei of Atoms and the Photon
* Elements and Compounds Atomic and Molecular Masses
# Solutions To Mathematics Textbooks/Topics In Algebra (2nd) 9788126510184/Linear Transformations

If T is skew-hermition,P.T all of its characteristics roots are pure imaginaries
# Solutions To Mathematics Textbooks/Topics In Algebra (2nd) 9788126510184/Ring Theory

Prove that x^3-9 is reducible over the integers mod 11
# Solutions To Mathematics Textbooks/Topics In Algebra (2nd) 9788126510184/Group Theory/Page 35
## 2

As $a$ and $b$ are abelian, $ab=ba$.
$(a.b)^{2}=(a.b).(a.b)=a.(b.a).b=a.(a.b).b=a^{2}b^{2}$
$(a.b)^{3}=(a.b).(a.b).(a.b)=a.(b.a).(b.a).b=a.(a.b).(a.b).b=a.a.(b.a).b.b=a.a.(a.b).b.b=a^{3}b^{3}$
Similarly progressing we obtain $(a.b)^{n}=a^{n}b^{n}$

## 3

${\begin{array}{lcll}(a.b)^{2}&=&a^{2}.b^{2}&\\(a.b).(a.b)&=&(a.a).(b.b)&\\a.(b.(a.b))&=&a.(a.(b.b))&{\text{since . is associative}}\\b.(a.b)&=&a.(b.b)&{\text{by left cancellation law}}\\(b.a).b&=&(a.b).b&{\text{since . is associative}}\\b.a&=&a.b&{\text{by right cancellation law}}\\\end{array}}$

## 4

${\begin{array}{lcl}(a.b)^{i}=a^{i}b^{i}\ (1)\\(a.b)^{i+1}=a^{i+1}b^{i+1}\ (2)\\(a.b)^{i+2}=a^{i+2}b^{i+2}\ (3)\\\\Using(2),\\\\(a.b)^{i+1}=a^{i+1}b^{i+1}\\(a.b)^{i}.(a.b)=a^{i+1}.(b^{i}.b)\\(a^{i}b^{i}).(a.b)=(a^{i+1}.b^{i}).b,from(1)\\(a^{i}.b^{i}).a=(a^{i}.a).b^{i}\\b^{i}.a=a.b^{i}\ (4)\\\\Similarly\ using(3),we\ obtain,\\\\b^{i+1}.a=a.b^{i+1}\\b.(b^{i}.a)=a.b^{i+1}\\b.(a.b^{i})=a.b^{i+1},using\ (4)\\(b.a).b^{i}=(a.b).b^{i}\\b.a=a.b\end{array}}$

## 8

${\begin{array}{lcl}Let\ g\in G,\ where\ g\ is\ a\ group\\So,\ G=\{g,g^{2},g^{3},...\}\\As\ G\ is\ a\ finite\ group,\ for\ some\ i,j,\\g^{i}=g^{j}\\g^{i-j}=e\\where\ i-j\ is\ any\ integer\ N\\Hence\ a^{N}=e\ for\ some\ N\end{array}}$

## 10

${\begin{array}{lcl}Let\ a,\ b\in \ G,\ a=a^{-1},\ b=b^{-1}\\ab=(ab)^{-1}=b^{-1}a^{-1}=ba\end{array}}$

## 11

Let $G$ be a group of $2n$ elements, where $n$ is a natural number. Except $e$ there is an odd number of elements in $G$.
Those elements who's order is greater than 2 can be paired with their inverse.
Since we have started with an of number of elements, we must end with at least one unpaired element $a$ that satisfies $a=a^{1}\Rightarrow a^{2}=e$.
# Solutions to General Chemistry (Linus Pauling)/The Atomic and Molecular Structure of Matter

* What are the differences between a hypothesis, a theory, a law, and the fact? Classify the following statements as hypotheses, theories, laws, or facts:
** The interior of the moon consists of granite and similar rocks.
    This can be considered a fact. The Apollo missions brought back hundreds of kilograms of diverse lunar rocks, including some with a composition not unlike granite.
** Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and neon are all gases under ordinary conditions.
    This statement is a conjunction of directly observed experimental facts.
** The force f acting on a body with mass $m$ causes it to be accelerated by the amount fm$^{-1}$.
    This statement is an inductive generalization over all forces acting on bodies with mass, which have been borne out by many observations from the seventeenth century onwards. It does not explain why this happens.
** The properties of gases can be explained by considering the motion of molecules comprising them.
    The keyword in this statement is 'explain'. Hypotheses and theories aim to explain observations, with the distinction being that theories are supported by a large body of empirical evidence. Specifically, the term 'theory' is ostensibly being used in the second sense given in the text, "a systematic body of knowledge, compounded of facts, laws, theories in the limited sense [of a hypothesis borne out], deductive arguments, and so on." This "systematic body" would encompass areas of physics and chemistry, such as thermodynamics.
** All crystals contain atoms or molecules arranged in a regular way.
    On the surface, this statement seems to be a definition, true de facto. However, Pauling appears to imply early on in the chapter that he is referring to the atomic theory of crystals, which explains why crystals have readily apparent regular, highly ordered structures. (Remember that the distinction between a law and a hypothesis or theory is that a law does not explain the facts it summarizes, while a hypothesis or theory does.)
* Discuss some of the evidence for the atomic nature of matter.
    open-ended
* The metal indium forms tetragonal crystals. The unit of structure is a rectangular parallelepiped, with edges a = 3.24 Å, b = 3.24 Å, and c = 4.94 Å... TODO
Problem 3 (as written) appears to have no solution. The positions of the atoms are given in the problem as 0,0,0, and 1/2, 1/2, 1/2 which implies a body-centered structure. Indium has a face-centered (not body-centered) tetragonal structure that can be solved. Each atom then has 4 closest neighbors and 8 more a little farther away. Do the math.

## References

* ↑ A very interesting relevant discussion takes place here: http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/evolution-fact.html
* ↑ http://curator.jsc.nasa.gov/lunar/lsc/14321.pdf
* ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion
* ↑ http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/newt.html#nt2cn
# Space Transport and Engineering Methods/Bulk Matter Engines

This group of propulsion methods expel solid particles as reaction mass, or accelerate cargo directly.

#### 45 Rotary Engine

Alternate Names:
Type:
Description: A one or two stage rotary mechanism mechanically accelerates a small amount of reaction mass, then releases it. In the two stage version, top speeds of ~6 km/s are possible. The advantage is to be able to use any available material as reaction mass. The disadvantage is the relatively low ejection velocity. There is an opportunity to mechanically augment another type of thruster by having it moving backwards relative to the vehicle center when running, thus adding up to 6 km/s to whatever the native exhaust velocity is. The duty cycle of the augmented thruster would be limited to about 25%, because the rest of the time it would be moving in the wrong direction to add velocity. This raises the issue of many on-off cycles of the thruster.
Status: Centrifuges and flywheels have long been in use. Versions optimized for ejecting mass at high velocity are still in the concept stage.
Variations:
References:

#### 46 Coilgun Engine/Launcher

Alternate Names: Mass Driver Reaction Engine
Type:
Description: This is a type of electromagnetic accelerator. A carrier, or bucket, is accelerated by interaction of magnetic fields from 'driver' coils. The carrier holds a reaction mass/cargo, which is released. The bucket is slowed down and reused. There is no theoretical limit to velocity of this type of device - particle accelerators have reached near lightspeed - but practical limits are likely to be on the order of 10 km/s. As a vehicle engine it is not dramatically different than other electric thrusters in performance, aside from the benefit of using any bulk mass as propellant. As a fixed launcher for bulk materials, a large power supply and rapid recycling of the buckets allows very high mass delivery rates to orbit velocity. Unassisted bulk material will have an orbit that intersects the launch point, so a device in orbit will have to catch the cargo lots and add some velocity to them.
Status: This method was extensively studied as part of the "Space Colony" studies of the ~1970's, and prototype parts were built and tested.
Variations:
References:

#### 47 Railgun Engine/Launcher

Alternate Names:
Type:
Description: A railgun consists of two current-carrying rails, and a projectile that creates a short circuit between the rails. The rails create a vertical magnetic field between them, as the current goes in opposite directions in each rail. The interaction of the field with the current in the short circuit creates a Lorentz force forward that accelerates a projectile. In a large version this would be used to launch vehicles in their entirety. In a smaller version it would eject a reaction mass and function as a propulsion engine.
Status: Railguns have been under development as replacements for conventional artillery, but are not yet operational as such. For launch vehicle acceleration, a much larger power supply would be needed, and this has so far been merely a concept
Variations:
# Space Transport and Engineering Methods/Comparisons Among Methods

Transport methods can be sorted by performance, status, and cost measures. The following sections describe the measures and make a first attempt to rank the various methods. Technology is constantly progressing, so any selection of methods needs to be updated with the most current data, or projections for future planning purposes.

## Comparisons Among Methods
### Performance Measures
#### Exhaust Velocity

Any propulsion method that expels matter or energy to produce thrust obeys conservation of momentum, which is defined as mass times velocity. The exhaust momentum is equal to and opposite change in vehicle momentum. Given a finite supply of materials for the exhaust, mass is fixed. Therefore higher velocity leads to higher total momentum, and thus better performance for the vehicle. Exhaust velocity is measured in meters/second. Some systems, like 72 Ionospheric Current Engine, do not use exhaust for momentum exchange, but have a consumed supply - plasma generated for contact to the ionosphere in this case. The effective exhaust velocity is then calculated from the thrust force and mass flow rate.

#### Specific Impulse

Specific impulse is a derived measure traditionally used for launch from Earth, and then extended to space. It is defined as pounds thrust per pounds/second of fuel consumed, which simplifies to units of seconds. When multiplied by one Earth gravity (9.80665 m/s^2) it converts to exhaust velocity, which is the preferred measure since it is in SI units.

#### Thrust to Weight Ratio
### Status Measures
#### Implentation Status
### Cost Measures
#### Operating Cost
## Transport Optimization

Optimizing Vehicles
In past rockets, this has been done by using different type of fuel for different stages in a rocket. In the early part of the flight, air drag is important, so a dense fuel is preferred. A dense fuel means smaller fuel tanks, and hence less area to create drag. Thus the Saturn V used liquid oxygen/kerosene and the Shuttle uses solid rockets for the first stage, both being dense fuels. Both use liquid oxygen/ liquid hydrogen for the second stage. This has the highest performance in use for a chemical rocket fuel.
The Pegasus rocket uses an aircraft to get above the bulk of the atmosphere. A sub-sonic jet engine has about ten times the performance of a chemical rocket, mostly because it does not have to carry oxygen to burn.
Many, many propulsion combinations are possible in getting to Earth orbit and beyond. A large part of space propulsion design is choosing which methods to use and when to switch from one to another.
# Prealgebra for Two-Year Colleges/Workbook AIE
## Introduction

* To the instructor
* Manual of Style

## Workbook (annotated instructor's edition)

* Problem solving and explaining your reasoning
* Representations of numbers
* Properties of addition
* Properties of subtraction
* Properties of multiplication
* Properties of division
* Breaking a problem into steps
* Patterns in the multiplication table
* Estimation (addition and subtraction)
* Estimation and place value (multiplication and division)
* Choosing an operation
* Measuring distances
* Length, area, and volume
* Simplifying equations
* Solving expressions
* Numbers between zero and one
* Rational numbers
* Proportional reasoning
* Perimeter, area, and volume
* Circle and bar graphs
* Percent increase and decrease