# Spanish/How To Conjugate Verbs
## Present Indicative

The Present Indicative is the most basic (though not the easiest) and essential tense in Spanish. There are more than few dozen irregular verbs with varying degrees of irregularities. It should be noted that all the second person informal conjugations end with s.

### Regular Verbs
#### -AR Verbs

-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" from the infinitive and adding the endings.

##### Hablar (to speak)
#### -ER Verbs

Like the -AR verbs, -ER verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-er" and adding the endings.

##### Hacer (to make)
#### -IR Verbs

-IR verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-ir" and adding the endings.

##### Vivir (to live)
### Irregular Verbs
#### First Person Singular Irregularity

Some verbs only have irregularity in the first person singular forms.
Verbs with a -cir and -cer endings also replace the c in -cir and -cer with 'zc' in the first person singular form.
* conocer (to know) - conozco
* traducir (to translate) - traduzco
* conducir (to drive) - conduzco
Some verbs end in -go instead of the regular -o for the first person singular form, these are completely irregular.
* poner (to put) - pongo
* salir (to leave) - salgo
Also, some verbs end in -jo instead of -o for the first person singular.
* escoger (to choose) - escojo
* corregir (to correct) - correjo
Four verbs are uniquely irregular only in the first person singular forms:
* saber (to know) - sé
* caber (to fit) - quepo
* dar (to give) - doy
* ver (to see) - veo

#### Stem Changes

Some verbs change their stems when conjugated in these forms: yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, and ustedes. There are four stem changes in the present tense o to ue, u to ue, e to ie, and e to i. The e to i change only occurs in -IR verbs. The easy way to memorize the change in which forms is called "The Boot." It must be pointed out, however, that using memory techniques to learn a language can prevent one from ever learning the language fluently. Children don't use "tricks" to learn a language (did you?). The way to learn a language is to socially interact with those who speak the language you wish to learn. And remember, never, ever, translate, as it will irreparably impair your ability to learn a new language.

##### E to I - Pedir (to ask/TO ORDER)
## Imperfect

The Imperfect is the easiest tense to learn in Spanish because the conjugations are almost completely regular: there are 3 irregular verbs! In all conjugations of the Imperfect, the first person singular forms (yo) and the third person singular/second person polite forms are same. For example, "caminaba" can mean "he used to walk" or "I was walking."

### Regular Verbs
#### -AR Verbs

-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" and adding the following endings (note accent on nosotros form!):

##### Estudiar (to study)
#### -ER and -IR Verbs

-ER and -IR Verbs are conjugated identically by removing the "-er" or "-ir" and adding the following endings (note accents on all forms!):

##### Salir (to leave)
### Irregular Verbs

There are only 3 irregular verbs in the Imperfect tense: Ser, Ir, and Ver.

#### Ver (to see)
## Preterite
### Regular Verbs
#### -AR Verbs

-AR verbs are conjugated by removing the "-ar" from the infinitive and adding the endings.

##### Comprar (to buy)
#### -ER & IR Verbs

Like the -AR verbs, -ER & -IR verbs are conjugated by removing the infinitive ending "-er" or "-ir" and adding the endings.

##### Vivir (to live)
### Irregular Verbs

Note: Ir and Ser are identical in the Preterite

#### Haber (to have auxiliary)
## Future

In Spanish, especially in Latin American countries, it is more usual to utilise the ir + infinitive verb form (like going to) than the future conjugation.

##### Example

Still it is easy: Remember the present tense of verb "Haber" minus "h" and add to the infinitive form of the verb
The verb "Haber": he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han

##### Partir

Yo partiré .. partirás, partirá, partiremos, partiréis, partirán
An so on in many many verbs. There are exceptions but easy ones
Salir (exception it changes to saldr) Yo saldré, saldrás, saldrá, saldremos, saldréis, saldrán
Venir (exception it changes to vendr) Yo vendré, vendrás, vendrá, vendremos, vendréis, vendrán

## Conditional

In this tense, the action is conditioned to something to happen. Use conditional for asking in polite form like in English with would. Or use it to form conditional expressions.

### -ar, -er and -ir verbs

Amar
Temer
Partir
These changes in the conditional tense apply even to the verbs Ser, Estar and Ir!
Exceptions

## Preterite Perfect

The meaning is not the same as in English: Something that has been done in the past but still important in the present or continue by the moment.
Format
Examples that home (and still living today)
Well usually in Latin America they almost never use this tense and mix the past perfect and simple past you have to adapt the meaning. Usually people from Spain use the tense properly but in Latin American to use this tense could show some fancy - elevated studies language that is not the normal rule or can be comic to some one from there.
Amar (to love)
Tomar (to drink)
and so on. There are no exceptions.

## Conditional Perfect

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## Commands

Commands are one of the easiest tenses to learn in Spanish because it has only few irregularities and there are only four forms (tú, usted, vosotros, and ustedes) instead of the regular six and relies on other conjugated forms.

### Regular Verbs (tú and vosotros forms)
#### -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs

For any type of verb, simply change the form of the verb to the él/ella/Ud. form. For vosotros commands, add a "d".

##### Traer (to bring)
#### Irregular Tú Commands

There are eight irregular commands. They are as follows:

### Regular Verbs (Ud. and Uds. forms)
#### -AR verbs

For the -AR verbs, take the first person singular form (yo) and take off the -o and add the command endings to the stem.

##### Nadar (to swim)

I swim - Nado // You swim - Nades // He/she swims - Nade // we swim - nademos // they swim - naden //

#### -ER & -IR verbs

For the -ER and -IR verbs, take the first person singular form (yo) and take off the -o and add the command endings to the stem.

##### pedir (to ask for) - Stem change e to i
### Double Changes

Verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar which changes their endings to -que, -gue, and -ce, respectively