OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Castle of the Winds/Interface & Controls
## Main screen overview
### Pull-down menu
#### Inventory!

The Inventory! command brings up the inventory screen, which also appears whenever the player is in a shop.

##### Name Object
#### Map!
#### Help
### Button Bar
#### Spell buttons
### Dungeon Window
### Description Window
## Inventory screen overview
### Stores

Stores are described in more detail in Castle of the Winds/Items and the Inventory System#Stores.

### Pull-down menu
#### Name Object
## Character window
## Keyboard commands

| Command | Keyboard | Mouse |
| Climb Upstairs | < | Double-click stairs |
| Climb Downstairs | > | Double-click stairs |
| Open Door | o | Click door |
| Close Door | c | Click door |
| Search | s | n/a |
| Disarm | d | n/a |
| Map | m | n/a |
| Inventory | i | n/a |
| Rest | r | n/a |
| Sleep | R | n/a |
| Look | x | n/a |
| Side Scroll | v | n/a |
| Get | g | n/a |
# Castle of the Winds/Introduction

Castle of the Winds (CotW) is a Roguelike computer role-playing game (CRPG) designed to run under Windows 3.x. It will also run on Linux using the WINE Windows emulator .

## History

CoTW was written in 1989 by SaadaSoft (a one-man, one-product company run by Rick Saada) and published by Epic MegaGames. It was one of Epic’s first two games for Windows (previous games had run on DOS), the other being a point-and-click adventure called Dare to Dream. The game was released in two parts: A Question of Vengeance, released as shareware; and Lifthransir's Bane, sold commercially. A license to continue using A Question of Vengeance and a copy of Lifthransir's Bane were sold together.
In 1998, Saada released the distributed files into the public domain. However, he has not released the source code, and has expressed no intent to do so .
Among Roguelikes, the game is notable for several innovations. Its interface is heavily mouse-based. Many commands are awkward to enter with the keyboard (requiring the use of the Alt key on the menu bar). Traditional Roguelikes (such as NetHack) were controlled completely by keyboard, sometimes with optional mouse input.
Castle of the Winds also allows the player to save the game at any point, and to restore saved games after dying — features never seen in a traditional Roguelike game (where “death is final,” although this could be circumvented with backups). Since graphics, mouse input, and resurrection from saved games would be features developed in later CRPGs, CoTW can be seen as the transitional step between old and new.
Still, due to its age, the game has few players today. It has only four known fan sites.

### Basic concepts
#### Space

CoTW is a (square) tile-based game, meaning that movements may only occur in increments of one tile. Diagonal and orthogonal adjacency are treated the same way in terms of distance. To pick up an object, the player must be directly on top of it.
There is no way the player can walk through the rock walls of the dungeons, despite that some monsters can. Tiles (in diagonal corridors, etc.) that contain half a wall are treated as walls.

#### Time

CoTW is turn-based. Players and monsters cannot attack each other at the same time. However, their speeds can vary, which means the monster may be able to make several steps or strike at the player several times before the player can respond, or vice-versa.
Monster speed depends on the specific monster, and can also be affected by Slow Monster and Haste Monster spells. See Character Attributes for details on player speed.
Winning players are ranked in Valhalla’s Champions (the high score list) in order of shortest to longest time to complete the game.
# Castle of the Winds/Battle Mechanics

No aspects of CoTW’s behaviour change during battle. Battle occurs wherever and whenever a monster or boss attacks the player or vice-versa.
Monsters may be attacked in two ways: physically (by walking into them), or with a spell. Attack spells can be cast by hand, or from the correct scroll, potion, staff or wand.
Monsters can attack the player in a number of ways. Most fight hand-to-hand, in the same way that the player does. Some can throw or shoot projectiles. The Wizard and Necromancer can cast spells similar to those of the player. Others have elemental attacks such as dragon breath. Finally, some have attacks that drain the player, making him or her a temporarily more vulnerable opponent.

## Hit Points

Hit points (HP) are a measure of the player’s health; he or she loses HP when hit by a monster, his or her own spell, or a trap. Certain spells will replenish HP to varying extents, but he or she always recovers full health on levelling up. The player dies when his or her HP reach zero.
The player normally recovers one hit point per minute while moving and two while resting. When resting, the player cannot continue moving until he or she sees a monster, or is fully healed. When poisoned, the player loses HP every minute until the poison wears off; it is possible to die of poisoning while resting.
Maximum HP depend on the player’s Constitution and level. A Vampire bite (see Monsters) may temporarily drain the maximum HP, but the potential HP are still present (though invisible). They can sometimes be recovered while sleeping, but will always be recovered with the Restore Drained Hit Points spell sold at the Temple of Odin.

## Armour Value

Armour Value is a measure of the difficulty in hitting a character. Most wearable objects increase Armour Value, as do Enchanted items of Protection and (temporarily) the Shield spell.

## Chance to Hit and Damage

With a hand-to-hand weapon, the player may either hit or miss on each strike; hits do varying amounts of damage. Chance to hit depends on Dexterity and the specific monster, and is frequently increased by enchanted weapons or Enchanted Gauntlets of Slaying. Damage depends on Strength and the weapon used. A monster’s chance to hit a player depends on his or her Armour Value, and damage depends on the monster.
Attack spells use a different mechanic.
Elemental and draining attacks on both the player and monsters may be subject to resistances and vulnerabilities. “Resistant” means taking half the usual damage, “strongly resistant” one quarter, “very strongly resistant” one eighth or less, and “vulnerable” double.

## “Injuredness”

Right clicking a monster will give a rough idea of his or her health. From most to least healthy, the condition may be described as one of:
* Uninjured
* Barely scratched
* Slightly injured
* Injured
* Heavily injured
* Critically injured
# Castle of the Winds/Cheats and Exploits

While fairly strong, and without the system of cheat codes deliberately added to today’s games, CoTW has glitches that can be exploited.
# Cascading Style Sheets/User Style Sheets

CSS allows the reader of a document to apply style sheets to the document. These are called user style sheets. They become part of the cascade along with the author's style sheets.
The following sections explain how you can set your own user style sheet in various web browsers—Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and Opera.

## Apple Safari

Setting a user style sheet in Apple Safari:
* Create a style sheet and save it on a drive that can be seen by the user.
* Open Safari.
* Select Safari I Preferences... from the menus.
* On the Advanced tab, with the Style Sheet combo box select "Other...".
* Browse for the file.
The user style sheet is loaded when it is set up and when Safari is started.

## Mozilla Firefox

Setting a user style sheet in Mozilla Firefox:
* Find your profile by following Mozilla's instructions.
* Create a style sheet and save it as userContent.css in the chrome subdirectory of your profile.

## Opera

Setting a user style sheet in Opera:
* Create a style sheet and save it on a drive that can be seen by the user.
* Open Opera.
* Select Tools>Preferences... from the menus.
* On the Advanced tab select Content from the list on the left.
* Click on the 'Styles options...' button.
* Fill in the 'My style sheet' box.
For a full description of Opera's style modes, refer to Style Presentation Modes in Opera 12.16.

## Windows Internet Explorer

Setting a user style sheet in Internet Explorer for Windows:
* Create a style sheet and save it on a drive that can be seen by the user.
* Open Internet Explorer.
* Select Tools> I nternet Options... from the menus.
* On the General tab click on Accessibility... (near bottom right).
* Under 'User style sheet' check 'Format documents using my style sheet'.
* Either type the location of the style sheet into the box or browse for the file.
# Cascading Style Sheets/xml/bookinfo

<BookInfo>
</BookInfo>
# Castle of the Winds/Character Attributes

The player's four attributes are represented not by numbers, but by a bar graph, with blue and green bar representing the value before and after any item enchantments, curses or drains. The attributes are:
* Strength — determines how much damage is done in hand-to-hand combat, and the Maximum Weight the player can carry. (The Maximum Bulk is fixed at 1,000,000 cm³ and, in practice, is not a limiting factor.)
* Dexterity — determines how likely a player is to hit and to block a hit in hand-to-hand combat, and gives the player a chance to avoid damage when he sets off a trap. Also affects Armor Value.
* Intelligence — determines the player's maximum Mana.
* Constitution — determines the player's maximum Hit Points. If a player's Constitution falls too far below its base level, his or her maximum Hit Points will reach zero and he or she will die.
The other standard characteristics include:
* Special attributes (resistances/vulnerabilities to Cold, Fire, Lightning and Drain Life, vulnerability to Acid, and Levitating).
* Hit points and Armour Value, as described in Battle Mechanics.
* Mana, as described in Magic.
* Weight and Bulk: The player's body weight and bulk are not counted here, only the items he is wearing or carrying.
* Copper: The sum of all money, not just copper, carried in the purse and on deposit at the bank.
* Gender: A purely aesthetic choice that determines the default icon.
* Custom Icon: Another aesthetic choice that, when used, makes Gender irrelevant.

## Experience and levels

HP and mana increase on level-up, but the four base attributes do not. The experience required to level up is as follows:
* Every player starts Part I at Level 1, with 0 experience.
* 20 experience points are needed to reach Level 2.
* For n > 2, the experience requirement for Level n are those for Level n – 1 plus 20 points at Easy difficulty, 40 at Intermediate, 60 at Difficult, and 80 at Experts Only.
* The maximum level, 30, requires 10,695,475,180 xp at Easy, 16,106,127,320 at Intermediate, 21,558,722,500 at Difficult and 27,011,317,680 at Experts Only.
* Experience rewards for killing monsters range from 1 xp for a Giant Rat or Goblin to 344 xp for Surtur. (Reaching Level 30 by repeatedly killing Surtur would mean doing so 31,091,498, 46,820,138, 62,670,705 or 78,521,272 times, depending on the difficulty level.) Disarming a trap yields 1 to ? xp.
# Corset/Dictionary/Floating ribs

Corset - Dictionary
The human have four floating ribs, two pair. It is important as they been bend up by the start of Tightlacing
The floating ribs been bend in small step if the corset is marked as the floating ribs been bend up by every breath.
# Corset/History/Victorian
## Victorian Corsets, c1880 - 1901

Most people have an idea of a "Victorian corset"; however, the British Victorian era comprised a long period of changes in culture and fashion from 1837 to 1901. During that time many styles of corsets were in use. The most ubiquitous feature was the "horizontal waist" which was common from about 1850 to 1899.
# Corset/Bibliography/Danish
## Books

* Stram om livet, Snørelivets historie 1880-1920, Erik Nørgaard, 1989. ISBN 87-7720-130-2
* Erik Nørgaard, Din for evigt, ISBN 87-7245-020-7
# Corset/Bibliography/French

Old French

### A

* d'Aincourt, Marguerite. Etudes sur le costume féminin. Paris: Rouveyre et G. Blond, n.d. [c. 1885].

### L

* ERNEST LEOTY, Le Corset a travers les ages

### B

* Fontanel, Beatrice. Corsets et soutiens gorge: L'Epopée du sein de l'antiquité a nos jours. Paris: Editions de La Martinière, 1992.
# Corset/History/Edwardian

The comparison of a girl in a body and in a correct corset of straight front type. Note: The expansion of the top of the chest.
# Corset/Bibliography

Corset

## English

* English
* Old English

## Danish

Danish

## French

* French
* Old French
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills/Attending to Relationships

You need to attend to relationships to keep them in balance, i.e. not blowing up or otherwise ending. Relationships need regular attention so that hurts and problems do not build up. Use interpersonal effectiveness skills to address problems and relieve hurts.
Most people end relationships prematurely – the relationship could have been saved by using skills. Usually, there is a problem that needs to be solved.
Resolve interpersonal conflicts before they get overwhelming. The ability to repair relationships is important, but promptly resolving interpersonal conflicts is even more important.
Some relationships cannot be salvaged. Ending hopeless relationships is difficult; the benefit is that you will not be burdened by a relationship that is not working or too stressful.
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Emotion Regulation Skills/Reducing vulnerability to “emotion mind”

To reduce vulnerability to negative emotions remember the acronym:
PLEASE Mastery
PL stands for physical illness. When you are healthy and strong you're less likely to be an emotion mind.
E stands for eating. Eat a well-balanced diet with plenty of water.
A stands for abstain from alcohol and drugs. alcohol and drugs are mood destabilizing.
S stands for sleep. Give yourself plenty of time to sleep. Everything goes better when you're rested.
E stands for exercise. Worked up to 20 minutes of vigorous exercise a day.
Master stands for mastery. Mastery is doing something that make you feel competent and in control.
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Distress Tolerance Skills/Willingness

Willingness is an active form of acceptance. It is accepting the need for action and taking that action. It is not necessarily going along with whatever the therapist or skills trainer thinks is best. Willingness does not demand that reality be something other than what it is. On the other hand willingness does not give up and refuse to take action that could change reality for the better in the future.
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills

* Attending to Relationships
* Balancing Priorities vs. Demands in Life and Relationships
* Options for Intensity of Asking or Saying No, and Factors to Consider in Deciding
* Objective Effectiveness
* Relationship Effectiveness
* Self-Respect Effectiveness
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Emotion Regulation Skills

Emotion Regulation
Borderline and suicidal individuals are emotionally intense and labile – frequently angry, intensely frustrated, depressed, and anxious. This suggests that borderline clients might benefit from help in learning to regulate their emotions. Dialectical behavior therapy skills for emotion regulation include:
* Identifying and labeling emotions
* Understanding the function of emotions
* Identifying obstacles to changing emotions
* Reducing vulnerability to “emotion mind”
* Increasing positive emotional events
* Increasing mindfulness to current emotions
* Taking opposite action
* Applying distress tolerance techniques
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills/Balancing Priorities vs. Demands in Life and Relationships

Priorities are those things important to you; things that you want to do.
Demands are those things other people want you to do.
Most troubles with priorities and demands are due to your priorities competing with other’s demands. Thus, you feel conflicted.
You need effective interpersonal skills to maintain your own priorities and/or negotiate compromises.
Balancing priorities and demands is a necessary task for structuring one’s life so that you fulfill your goals but still have some time to help others. This is difficult for everyone.
If you feel overwhelmed & over-committed then you must focus on what is important. If overwhelmed, concentrate on what is important and put off low-priority demands. And ask others for help.
Learn how to say “no” when appropriate. Decline some of the less important demands and priorities.
Importance is relative. If you over-commit yourself in order to maintain approval from another person the relationship itself will be unfulfilling.
Feeling overwhelmed leads to blow-ups. Blow-ups result from priorities and demands not getting the attention that was expected. Just as a relationship may blow up if neglected, an individual may blow up if priorities and demands in life are not addressed.
Some people have the opposite problem of having too few demands and priorities. This is especially true for those who are single, living alone, or not working. In these cases, the task is to create structure and increase demands, e.g. helping others, rather than to decrease them. Interpersonal skills are likely to be needed here also.
What can you tolerate before you feel overwhelmed? This depends on many factors including energy level, amount of help & support, available time, how you feel, and attitude toward the task. People are different in how much they can tolerate.
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/ISOLTRAP

ISOLTRAP is a tandem Penning trap mass spectrometer at the On-Line Isotope Mass Separator at CERN, very similar to SMILETRAP. The facility plays a leading role in the field of high precision mass spectrometry of radioactive ions. The masses of more than 200 short-lived nuclides have been measured with a relative uncertainty of typically dm/m ~ 1x10$^{-7}$ and even almost up to one order of magnitude lower in some special cases.
Recently, the performance of the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP has been considerably enhanced. Major technical improvements were implemented to increase the range of accessible nuclei to those that are produced in minute quantities of only 100 ions/s and to nuclei with half-lives down to ~50 ms as well as to decrease the typical relative uncertainty down to ~1x10$^{-8}$. In particular, a linear radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) trap and a carbon-cluster source were added to the ISOLTRAP spectrometer. Since the unified atomic mass unit is defined as 1/12 of the mass of $^{12}$C the calibration of the magnetic field with carbon clusters allows absolute mass measurements.
Accurate mass measurements of short-lived nuclides are of high interest for a number of reasons: They allow direct observation of nuclear structure effects like the location of shell and sub-shell closures, pairing, or the onset of deformation. In combination with a precise study of super-allowed beta emission they provide tests of the Standard Model. Additionally, masses of unstable nuclei are the most critical nuclear physics parameters for reliable nucleosynthesis calculations in astrophysics.

## References

* http://isoltrap.web.cern.ch/isoltrap/
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The IUPAC system of nomenclature is a set of logical rules framed which are mainly aimed at giving an unambiguous name to an organic compound. By using this system, it is possible to give a systematic name to an organic compound just by looking at its structure and it is also possible to write the structure of organic compound by following the IUPAC name for that compound.
IUPAC system of nomenclature for organic compounds
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Information for Contributors
## Information for Authors / Contributors

* Please note that No page should not come under syllabus.
This should be as following
But all Named reactions should be place and linked on Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions
* How to Change directory structure

## Development Phases and Plan
### Phase 1:

* Create Pages as per topics indicated in syllabus
* Fill these pages with available information from Wikipedia

### Phase 2:

* develop content of the pages to level of NET examination
* Quality and standard of the text will be evaluated and modified
* Section 'Problem and their solution' to each topic will be added

### Phase 3:

* Pages will be processed based on users feedback
* Extra Topics will be added for state level exams and GATE
* Previous year question and problems from various university examination papers
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization transfer

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is a signal enhancement method used in NMR spectroscopy which involves the transfer of nuclear spin polarization from spins with large Boltzmann population differences to nuclear spins of interest with low Boltzmann population differences. INEPT uses [J-coupling for the polarization transfer in contrast to the Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) which arises from dipolar cross-relaxation.
The signal enhancement has two sources:
* The spin population effect increases the signal by a factor of K = ratio of magnetogyric ratios of the nuclei.
* Nuclei with higher magnetogyric ratio generally relax more quickly. Since the rate at which the INEPT transfer can be repeated is limited by the relaxation of these spins (rather than the low sensitivity spins), then the experiment can be repeated more frequently, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.
As a result, INEPT can enhance the NMR signal by a factor larger than K, while the NOE can increase the signal by a factor of at most 1+K/2. Note that a negative value of K may result in a reduction in signal intensity; historically INEPT was proposed a method to enhance the signal from the limited number of nuclei with negative magnetogyric ratio e.g. $^{15}$N or $^{29}$Si.
# Christian Hymns/Savior of the Nations, Come
## Background
### Text

* Author: Ambrose of Milan
* Translator: William Morton Reynolds
* Source:

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Nun Komm, der Heiden Heiland
* Veni Redemptor Gentium

## Lyrics

Savior of the nations, come;
Virgin's Son, here make Thy home!
Marvel now, O heaven and earth,
That the Lord chose such a birth.
Not by human flesh and blood;
By the Spirit of our God
Was the Word of God made flesh,
Woman's offspring, pure and fresh.
Wondrous birth! O wondrous Child
Of the virgin undefiled!
Though by all the world disowned,
Still to be in heaven enthroned.
From the Father forth He came
And returneth to the same,
Captive leading death and hell
High the song of triumph swell!
Thou, the Father's only Son,
Hast over sin the victory won.
Boundless shall Thy kingdom be;
When shall we its glories see?
Brightly doth Thy manger shine,
Glorious is its light divine.
Let not sin overcloud this light;
Ever be our faith thus bright.
Praise to God the Father sing,
Praise to God the Son, our King,
Praise to God the Spirit be
Ever and eternally.
# Christian Hymns/The Lord Will Come and Not Be Slow
## Background
### Text

* Author: John Milton
* Source:

### Music

Hymn Tune(s):
* Balfour
* Coleshill
* Eagley
* Old 107th
* St. Magnus
* St. Stephen
* York

## Lyrics

The Lord will come and not be slow,
His footsteps cannot err;
Before Him righteousness shall go,
His royal harbinger.
Truth from the earth, like to a flower,
Shall bud and blossom then;
And justice, from her heavenly bower,
Look down on mortal men.
Surely to such as do him fear
Salvation is at hand!
And glory shall ere long appear
To dwell within our land.
Rise, God, judge thou the earth in might,
This wicked earth redress;
For thou art he who shalt by right
The nations all possess.
The nations all whom thou hast made
Shall come, and all shall frame
To bow them low before thee, Lord,
And glorify thy Name.
For great thou art, and wonders great
By Thy strong hand are done:
Thou in Thy everlasting seat
Remainest God alone.