OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Overview of Theology/Christian theology

    What is a modern Christian? Though society has become increasingly secularized, Christianity still believes in the God of the Bible as the one true faith. Scripturally, God testified to Hosea the prophet saying, "Yet I am the LORD thy God from the land of Egypt, and thou shalt know no god but me: for there is no Saviour beside me."
Though it comes from the same Abrahamic roots, Christianity differs from Islam and Judaism. Islam believes in a different perception of the God of the Bible, as well as the additional prophet Muhammad. Judaism is a religion that is said to have come from Abraham the father of Isaac. It is named for the Biblical tribe of Judah, and does not accept the New Testament, which is the basis of modern Christianity. The most influential Bible passage on Christian theology, besides John 3:16 is the Sermon on the Mount, contained in Matthew 5-7. These three chapters are the fundamental cornerstone for the apostles doctrine that we know to be Christianity. As a Jew, Jesus's lessons centered on the Law of Moses. According to Christian belief, we are not in bondage to the letter of the law but rather the law of Christ from the Sermon on the Mount.
Grace is a major concept of the faith, defined theologically as what we get when we are undeserving, sheerly from the forgiveness of God.
# PBASIC Programming/Basic Arithmetic
## Arithmetic Operators

We can use some of the basic arithmetic operators for common operations. Operators can be used with variables, constants, or numbers.

### Common Operators
#### Addition

    To add two numbers together, we use the "+" operator:

#### Subtraction

    To subtract one number from the other, we use the "-" operator:

#### Multiplication

    To multiply, we use the "*" operator:

#### Division

    To divide two numbers, we use the "/" operator:

### Other Math Functions
#### Multiply High

    "**" returns upper 16 bits of 32 bit result:

## Assignment

We can use the "=" operator to assign a value to a variable. For instance, we can write:
We can also write a self-assignment, or an assignment where a variable appears on the left and the right side of the statement:
On the third line of this program, MyVar equals 10, and then we add one and store the new result into MyVar again. After this program runs, MyVar contains the value of 11.

## Overflow and Underflow

Overflow occurs when we attempt to store a number in a variable that is too large for that variable. For instance, if we try to store a number that is larger then 255 in a Byte, or a number that is larger then 65535 in a word. Underflow is the exact opposite problem, where we attempt to create a negative number that is so low that the variable cannot hold it.
# Messier Index/M63

The Sunflower Galaxy (also known as Messier 63, M63, or NGC 5055) is an w:unbarred spiral galaxy in the w:Canes Venatici w:constellation. It is a w:flocculent spiral galaxy, consisting of a central disc surrounded by many short spiral arm segments. The Sunflower Galaxy is part of the w:M51 Group, a group of galaxies that also includes the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51).

## History

The Sunflower Galaxy was discovered by w:Pierre Méchain on w:June 14 w:1779. The galaxy was then listed by w:Charles Messier as object 63 in the w:Messier Catalogue.
In the mid-1800s, w:Lord Rosse identified spiral structure within the galaxy, making this one of the first galaxies in which such structure was identified.

## External links

* Sunflower Galaxy @ SEDS Messier pages

## References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 5055. Retrieved 2006-10-10.
* ↑ Frommert, Hartmut & Kronberg, Christine (2002). "Messier Object 63". Retrieved Dec. 26, 2006
* 1 2 K. G. Jones (1991). Messier's Nebulae and Star Clusters (2nd edition ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-37079-5. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)
# Messier Index/M66

Messier 66 (also known as NGC 3627) is an w:intermediate spiral galaxy about 36 million w:light-years away in the w:constellation Leo. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in w:1780. M66 is about 95 thousand light-years across with striking dust lanes and bright star clusters along sweeping spiral arms.
M66 is part of the famous w:Leo Triplet, a small w:group of galaxies that also includes M65 and w:NGC 3628.

## History

Gravitational interaction from its past encounter with neighboring NGC 3628 has resulted in:
* An extremely high central mass concentration;
* A high molecular to w:atomic mass ratio;
* A resolved noncorotating clump of w:H I material apparently removed from one of the w:spiral arms.
This third result shows up visually as an extremely prominent and unusual spiral arm and dust lane structures as originally noted in the w:Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.

## External links

* SEDS: Spiral Galaxy M66
* Spiral Galaxy M66

## References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 3627. Retrieved 2006-08-31.
* ↑ G. de Vaucouleurs, A. de Vaucouleurs, H. G. Corwin, R. J. Buta, G. Paturel, P. Fouque (1991). Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies. New York: Springer-Verlag.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ 36.2 mly × tan( 9′.1 ) = ~96 kly. radius
* 1 2 Zhang, Xiaolei; Wright, Melvyn; Alexander, Paul (1993). "High-Resolution CO and H i Observations of the Interacting Galaxy NGC 3627". Astrophysical Journal. 418: 100. doi:10.1086/173374.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
# Messier Index/M67

Messier 67 (also known as M67 or NGC 2682) is an w:open cluster, or galactic cluster, in the constellation Cancer. M67's w:Trumpler class is variously given as II 2 r, II 2 m, or II 3 r. It was discovered by w:Johann Gottfried Koehler in w:1779. Its age is estimated at between 3.2 and 5 billion years. The most recently estimated age of four billion years appears to be the most reliable; thus the stars of M67 are most likely slightly younger than the w:Sun.
M67 is not the oldest known open cluster, but there are very few in the galaxy known to be older. M67 is an important laboratory for studying w:stellar evolution, since all its stars are at the same distance and age, except for approximately 30 anomalous w:blue stragglers, whose origins are not fully understood.
M67 is one of the most-studied open clusters, yet estimates of its physical parameters such as age, mass, and number of stars of a given type, vary substantially. Richer et al. estimate its age to be 4 Gyr, its mass to be 1080 solar masses, and the number of w:white dwarfs to be 150. Hurley et al. estimate its current mass to be 1400 solar masses and its initial mass to be approximately 10 times as great.
M67 has more than 100 stars similar to the Sun, and many red giants. The total star count has been estimated at over 500. The cluster contains no w:main sequence stars bluer than spectral type F, other than perhaps some of the blue stragglers, since the brighter stars of that age have already left the main sequence. In fact, when the stars of the cluster are plotted on the w:Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, there is a distinct "turn-off" representing the stars which are just about to leave the main sequence and become red giants. As the cluster ages, the turn-off will move down the main sequence.
It appears that M67 does not contain an unbiased sample of stars. One cause of this is w:mass segregation, the process by which lighter stars (actually, systems) gain speed at the expense of more massive stars during close encounters, which causes the lighter stars to be at a greater average distance from the center of the cluster or to escape altogether.

## External links

* Messier 67, SEDS Messier pages

## References

* ↑ S1280 and S1284: Two Oscillating Blue Stragglers in the Open Cluster M67, Xiao-Bin Zhang, Rong-Xian Zhang and Zhi-Ping Li, Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys. Vol. 5 (2005), No. 6, 579–586.
* ↑ The White Dwarf Cooling Age of M67, Harvey B. Richer, Gregory G. Fahlman, Joanne Rosvick, Rodrigo Ibata, Astrophysical Journal Letters v.504, p.L91 (1998)
* ↑ A Complete N-body Model of the Old Open Cluster M67, Jarrod R. Hurley, Onno R. Pols, Sverre J. Aarseth, Christopher A. Tout, Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc. 363 (2005) 293-314
* ↑ [ http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2003/26/aah4157.pdf] Mass segregation in M67 with 2MASS, Ch. Bonatto and E. Bica, (2003) Astron. Astrophys. 405, 525
# Messier Index/M69

Messier 69 (also known as M69 or NGC 6637) is a w:globular cluster in the w:constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in August 31, w:1780, the same night he discovered M70. At the time, he was searching for an object described by LaCaille in 1751-2 and thought he had rediscovered it, but it is unclear if LaCaille actually described M69.
M69 is at a distance of about 29,700 w:light-years away from w:Earth and has a spatial radius of 42 light-years. It is a close neighbor of w:Globular Cluster M70, 1,800 light-years separating the two objects, and both these clusters lie close to the Galactic Center. It is one of the most metal-rich globular cluster known.

## External links

* Globular Cluster M69 @ SEDS Messier pages
* Messier 69, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6637. Retrieved 2006-11-17.
* ↑ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 42 ly. radius
# Messier Index/M61

Messier 61 (also known as M61 or NGC 4303) is a w:spiral galaxy in the w:Virgo Cluster. It was discovered by w:Barnabus Oriani on w:May 5, w:1779.
M61 is one of the larger members of the Virgo Cluster.
Six supernovae have been observed in this galaxy:
* SN 2008in
* SN 2006ov
* SN 1999gn
* SN 1964F
* SN 1961I
* SN 1926A

## External links

* www.seds.org/messier/m/m061.html

## References

* ↑ Tschöke, D. (2000). "X-rays from the barred galaxy NGC 4303". Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. 360 (2): 447–456. ISSN 0004-6361. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for M 61. Retrieved 2006-11-18.
* ↑ "List of Supernovae". w:Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 30 December 2008.
# Messier Index/M65

Messier 65 (also known as NGC 3623) is an w:intermediate spiral galaxy about 22 million w:light-years away in the w:constellation Leo. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in w:1780. M65, M66, and w:NGC 3628 comprise the famous w:Leo Triplet, a small w:group of galaxies.

## Discovery

M65 was discovered by Charles Messier and included in his w:Messier Objects list. However, w:William Henry Smyth accidentally attributed the discovery to w:Pierre Méchain in his popular 19th century astronomical work A Cycle of Celestial Objects (stating "They [M65 and M66] were pointed out by Méchain to Messier in 1780"). This error was in turn picked up by w:Kenneth Glyn Jones in w:Messier's Nebulae and Star Clusters. This has since ramified into a number of other books by a variety of authors.

## Star Formation

The galaxy is low in dust and gas, and there is little star formation in it, although there has been some relatively recently in the arms. The ratio of old stars to new stars is correspondingly quite high. In most wavelengths it is quite uninteresting, though there is a radio source visible in the w:NVSS, offset from the core by about two arc-minutes. The identity of the source is uncertain, as it has not been identified visually, or formally studied in any published papers.

## Interaction with Other Galaxies

To the eye, M65's disk appears slightly warped, and its relatively recent burst of star formation is also suggestive of some external disturbance. Rots (1978) suggests that the two other galaxies in the Leo Triplet interacted with each other about 800 million years ago. Recent research by w:Zhiyu Duan suggests that M65 may also have interacted, though much less strongly. He also notes that M65 may have a central bar -- it is difficult to tell because the galaxy is seen from an oblique angle -- a feature which is suggestive of tidal disruption.

## External links

* SEDS Messier: Spiral Galaxy M65

## References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for. Retrieved 2006-10-21.
# Messier Index/M7

Messier 7 or M7, also designated NGC 6475 and sometimes known as the Ptolemy Cluster, is an w:open cluster of w:stars in the w:constellation of w:Scorpius.
The cluster is easily detectable with the w:naked eye, close to the "stinger" of Scorpius. It has been known since w:antiquity; it was first recorded by the 1st-century astronomer w:Ptolemy, who described it as a w:nebula in 130 AD. w:Giovanni Batista Hodierna observed it before 1654 and counted 30 stars in it. w:Charles Messier catalogued the cluster in 1764 and subsequently included it in his list of w:comet-like objects as 'M7'.
Telescopic observations of the cluster reveal about 80 stars within a field of view of 1.3° across. At the cluster's estimated distance of 800–1000 w:light years this corresponds to an actual diameter of 18–25 light years. The age of the cluster is around 220 million years while the brightest star is of magnitude 5.6.

## External links

* Messier 7, SEDS Messier pages
# Messier Index/M62

Messier 62 (also known as M62 or NGC 6266) is a w:globular cluster in the w:constellation w:Ophiuchus. It was discovered in w:1771 by w:Charles Messier.
M62 is at a distance of about 22,500 w:light-years from w:Earth and measures some 100 light-years across. From studies conducted in the 1970s it is known that M62 contains the high number of 89 w:variable stars, many of them of the w:RR Lyrae type. The globular also contains a number of w:x-ray sources, thought to be close w:binary star systems, and millisecond w:pulsars in binary systems.

## External links

* Messier 62, SEDS Messier pages
* Messier 62, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page
* M62 on willig.net

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6266. Retrieved 2006-11-17.
* ↑ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 49 ly. radius
# Messier Index/M68

Messier 68 (also known as M68 or NGC 4590) is a w:globular cluster in the w:Hydra constellation. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in w:1780. M68 is at a distance of about 33,000 w:light-years away from w:Earth.

## External links

* Globular Cluster M68 @ SEDS Messier pages
* Messier 68, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 4590. Retrieved 2006-11-17.
* ↑ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 53 ly. radius
# Pinyin/Drought

See also
# Pinyin/Drug
## Noun

a drug
* yaohpiin; durpiin

## Verb

to drug
* miryurn; marzuih
# Pinyin/Drug resistance

Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change in ways that render the medications used to cure the infections they cause ineffective. When the microorganisms become resistant to most antimicrobials they are often referred to as “superbugs”. This is a major concern because a resistant infection may kill, can spread to others, and imposes huge costs to individuals and society.
Kàngjūnsù nàiyàoxìng yě jiàzuò nàiyàoxìng. Dāng xìjūn, bìngdú, zhēnjūn hé jìshēngchóng děng wēishēngwù fāshēng gǎibiàn, shǐyòng yú zhìliáo suǒ yǐnqǐ gǎnrǎn de yàowù biàndé wúxiào, jiù chūxiànle nàiyàoxìng. Dāng wēishēngwù duì duōshù kàngjūnsù chǎnshēng nàiyàoxìng shí, tāmen chángcháng bèi chēngwéi “chāojí xìjūn”. Zhè yǐnqǐ yánzhòng guānzhù, yīnwèi jùyǒu nàiyàoxìng de gǎnrǎn kě zàochéng sǐwáng, kě chuánbō gěi tārén, érqiě huì duì gèrén hé shèhuì zàochéng jù'é fèiyòng.
# Pinyin/Drone

Search Pinyin drone
# Pinyin/Dreams

See also
Dreams
When I am small, I dream about being in the sea. The fishes in the sea smile at me, which let me know how beautiful the world is!
When I grew up, I dream about being in nature. The flying birds waving at me, which let me know how pure the sky is!
Fishes in water, flying birds, I ask you, do you know where my dreams are?
mehng
xiaaoshirhouh, woo d mehng zaih dahhaai lii. shuii zhong d yur'r duih woo weixiaoh, woo cair zhidaoh shihjieh shih nah'me meei!
zhaangdah le, woo d mehng zaih zihrarn zhong. feixiarng d niaao'r xiahng woo zhaoshoou, woo cair zhidaoh tiankong shih nahyahng churnjier!
shuii zhong d yur'r, feixiarng d niaao'r, woo wehn nii'men, nii'men kee zhidaoh woo d mehng zaih naa?
# Pinyin/Dried

Search dried
* gan le
* gan d
# Pinyin/Drink

Search Pinyin drink
A drink is a liquid that you can take into your body, by using your mouth. Usual drinks for humans include water, tea, milk, coffee, juice, soft drinks and alcoholic drinks. All drinks are mainly water. All life needs water to live. Plants take in water through their roots from the soil. Most animals get water by drinking.
yiinpiin shì 1-zhoong yètǐ, kě yòng kǒu yǐnjìn shēntǐ. Rénlèi tōngcháng d yǐnpǐn yǒu shuǐ, chá, niúnǎi, kāfēi, guǒzhī, qìshuǐ hé jiǔ. Suǒyǒu yǐnliào zhǔyào shi shuǐ. Suǒyǒu shēngmìng xūyào shuǐ shēngcún. Zhíwù cóng nítǔ tōngguò gēnbù xīrù shuǐ. Dàduōshù dòngwù tōngguò yǐnshuǐ dédào shuǐ.
# Pinyin/Drive away

See also
# Pinyin/Driving

See also
# Pinyin/Last year

Search year
# Pinyin/Last

See also
# Pinyin/Last week

See also
# Pinyin/Later

See also
# Pinyin/Latin America

Latin America is a continent or a region to the south of the USA.
Latin Měizhōu shì Měiguó nánmiàn de dàlù huò dìqū.
# Pinyin/Largest
## Adjective

* the largest: the biggest in size or quantity
** zuih dah d: chiicuhn huoh shuhliahng zuih dah
# Pinyin/Large

See also
# Pinyin/Last time

Search last time
Search time
# Pinyin/Larger

See also
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Rodolphus Lestrange
## Overview

Rodolphus Lestrange is the husband of Bellatrix Lestrange and brother to Rabastan Lestrange.

## Role in the Books
### Goblet of Fire

Rodolphus is first mentioned as being a member of a gang of future Death Eaters with his future wife and Severus Snape.
He is seen when Harry, viewing Albus Dumbledore's Pensieve, witnesses Lestrange and other Death Eaters as they are on trial.
Shortly after Lord Voldemort's disappearance, Rodolphus and three other young Death Eaters (his wife, Bellatrix Lestrange, his brother, Rabastan Lestrange, and Barty Crouch Jr.) attacked Aurors Frank and Alice Longbottom, torturing them using the Cruciatus Curse until both lost most of their mental faculties. All four Death Eaters were sentenced to Azkaban prison.
After his rebirth, Voldemort informs the other Death Eaters that the Lestranges will be honored above the others once they are broken out of Azkaban.

### Order of the Phoenix

Rodolphus is among the ten Death Eaters to escape from Azkaban around Christmas time. Though his name isn't mentioned his presence later in the book implies that he was one of the escapees.
Later, when the Death Eaters invade the Ministry Lucius Malfoy tells Rodolphus to go with Bellatrix Lestrange to find Harry and the Prophecy once he and his friends escape from their clutches. Though he does not do anything noteworthy it is presumed that he takes part in the chase and likely battled against the Order of the Phoenix. It can be assumed that he was captured and sent back to Azkaban following the battle.

### Half-Blood Prince

Twice, Professor Dumbledore and Harry visit Horace Slughorn's memories of one particular night when Slughorn is meeting with Tom Riddle and his associates. In both memories, Slughorn notes it is eleven o'clock, and says that it is time for the gathered students to head off to bed. He remarks to an Avery and a Lestrange that an essay is due, and they would be given detention if it is turned in late. Note that we mention this Lestrange here because of the name; however, both Rodolphus and Rabastan were born a generation after Voldemort was at Hogwarts. The Lestrange mentioned would therefore most likely be their father.

### Deathly Hallows

Rodolphus is only mentioned once in Deathly Hallows, when Nymphadora Tonks (his niece by marriage) says they injured him during her and Ron's flight to the portkey at the Weasleys' Aunt Muriel's.
Harry later mentions to Ron and Hermione that both Bellatrix and Rodolphus were among Voldemort's closest supporters during his first reign of terror.

## Strengths

If this can be considered a strength, Rodolphus is aware of the Dark Arts, and exhibits a willingness to use them, as seen when he tortures Alice and Frank Longbottom.

## Relationships with Other Characters

As noted above, he is the husband of Bellatrix (née Black). It is mentioned in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire that he stood high in the ranks of the Death Eaters during Voldemort's first rise to power.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Ritchie Coote
## Overview

Ritchie Coote joins the Gryffindor team in Harry's sixth year. He is described as "weedy looking", but has very good aim.

## Role in the Books
### Half-Blood Prince

Harry, now Quidditch Team captain, selects Ritchie Coote as one of his two Beaters, the other being Jimmy Peakes. Coote is described as a boy who "looked weedy but aimed well".

## Strengths

Coote is selected as a Beater due to his skilled marksmanship. While not as skilled as Fred and George Weasley, who were both Beaters, he is a competent player.
As a result, he is a Quidditch champion, being part of the Gryffindor team when it wins the Quidditch Cup during Harry's sixth year.

## Weaknesses

Ritchie is ever shown to have any particular weaknesses, mostly due to his brief appearances.
As he does not fight in the Battle of Hogwarts, he is likely to have been younger than Harry and, therefore, less skilled in magic, but this is conjectural.

## Relationships with Other Characters

We must assume that Richie gets along with the rest of the Quidditch team, such as his fellow beater Jimmy Peakes, and Captain, Harry.
Unlike some other members of the team, Ritchie remains in it for the entirety of the year, including their victorious final.

## Analysis

Ritchie is a good example of a Gryffindor character: while he is not built to look particularly powerful, he has a talent which he puts to good use. This shows a certain amount of courage on his part, which is a definite Gryffindor trait.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
* Do you think Coote might remain on the Quidditch team after the events of Half-Blood Prince?
* How old do you think Coote might be?

## Greater Picture

Harry is, of course, the Quidditch Captain who selects Ritchie Coote as a Beater on his new team. Throughout the year, members of the team come and go, including Ron, McLaggen, Dean, and Harry himself. Ritchie, however, remains where he is and does his job well.
He is not quite as fleshed-out as his teammate Jimmy Peakes, who has more things happen to him throughout the series, but he is a valuable addition to the team nonetheless.