OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economic Sophisms/239

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"activity! What life! Every dress will occupy a hundred fingers, instead of ten. No young woman will be idle, and we have no need, Sire, to indicate to your perspicacity the moral consequences of this great revolution. Not only will there be more young women employed, but each of them will earn more, for they will be unable to supply the demand; and if competition shall again show itself, it will not be among the seamstresses who make the dresses, but among the fine ladies who wear them.
You must see then, Sire, that our proposal is not only in strict conformity with the economic traditions of the government, but is in itself essentially moral and popular.
To appreciate its effects, let us suppose the law passed and in operation,—let us transport ourselves in imagination into the future,—and assume the new system to have been in operation for twenty years. Idleness is banished from the country; ease and concord, contentment and morality, have, with employment, been introduced into every family—no more poverty, no more vice. The left hand being very visible in all work, employment will be abundant, and the remuneration adequate. Everything is arranged on this footing, and the workshops in consequence are full. If, in such circumstances, Sire, Utopian dreamers were all at once to agitate for the right hand being again set free, would they not throw the whole country into alarm? Would such a pretended reform not overturn the whole existing state of things? Then our system must be good, since it could not be put an end to without universal suffering.
And yet we confess we have the melancholy presentiment (so great is human perversity) that some day there will be formed an association for right-hand freedom.
We think that already we hear the free Dexteristes, assembled in the Salle Montesquieu, holding this language:—
"Good people, you think yourselves richer because the use of one of your hands has been denied you; you take account only of the additional employment which that brings you. But consider also the high prices which result from it, and the forced diminution of consumption. That measure has not made capital more abundant, and capital is the fund from which wages are paid. The streams which flow from that great
reservoir are directed towards other channels; but their volume is
# Economic Sophisms/240

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"not enlarged; and the ultimate effect, as far as the nation at large is concerned, is the loss of all that wealth which millions of right hands could produce, compared with what is now produced by an equal number of left hands. At the risk of some inevitable derangements, then, let us form an association, and enforce our right to work with both hands."
Fortunately, Sire, an association has been formed in defence of left-hand labour, and the Sinistristes will have no difficulty in demolishing all these generalities, suppositions, abstractions, reveries, and Utopias. They have only to exhume the Moniteur Industriel for 1846, and they will find ready-made arguments against freedom of trade, which refute so admirably all that has been urged in favour of right-hand liberty that it is only necessary to substitute the one word for the other.
"The Parisian free-trade league has no doubt of securing the concurrence of the workmen. But the workmen are no longer men who can be led by the nose. They have their eyes open, and they know political economy better than our professors. Free trade, they say, will deprive us of employment, and labour is our wealth. With employment, with abundant employment, the price of commodities never places them beyond our reach. Without employment, were bread at a halfpenny a pound, the workman would die of hunger. Now your doctrines, instead of increasing the present amount of employment, would diminish it, that is to say, would reduce us to poverty.
"When there are too many commodities in the market, their price falls, no doubt But as wages always fall when commodities are cheap, the result is that, instead of being in a situation to purchase more, we are no longer able to buy anything. It is when commodities are cheap that the workman is worst off."
It will not be amiss for the Sinistristes to intermingle some menaces with their theories. Here is a model for them:—
"What! you desire to substitute right-hand for left-hand labour, and thus force down, or perhaps annihilate wages, the sole resource of the great bulk of the nation!
"And, at a time when a deficient harvest is imposing painful privations on the workman, you wish to disquiet him as to his
future, and render him more accessible to bad advice, and more
# Economic Sophisms/237

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"time; I should produce only five hundredweights of iron during the time I am occupied in making a clock." Utopian dreamer, we reply, that is the very reason why we forbid you to make the clock, and order you to make the iron. Don't you see we are providing employment for you?
Sire, it cannot have escaped your sagacity that this is exactly the same thing in effect as if we were to say to the country, "Work with your left hand, and not with the right."
To create obstacles in order to furnish labour with an opportunity of developing itself, was the principle of the old system of restriction, and it is the principle likewise of the new system which is now being inaugurated. Sire, to regulate industry in this way is not to innovate, but to persevere.
As regards the efficiency of the measure, it is incontestable. It is difficult, much more difficult than one would suppose, to do with the left hand what we have been accustomed to do with the right. You will be convinced of this. Sire, if you will condescend to make trial of our system in a process which must be familiar to you; as, for example, in shuffling a pack of cards. For this reason, we flatter ourselves that we are opening to labour an unlimited career.
When workmen in all departments of industry are thus confined to the use of the left hand, we may figure to ourselves, Sire, the immense number of people that will be wanted to supply the present consumption, assuming it to continue invariable, as we always do when we compare two different systems of production with one another. So prodigious a demand for manual labour cannot fail to induce a great rise of wages, and pauperism will disappear as if by enchantment.
Sire, your paternal heart will rejoice to think that this new law of ours will extend its benefits to that interesting part of the community whose destinies engage all your solicitude. What is the present destiny of women in France? The bolder and more hardy sex drives them insensibly out of every department of industry.
Formerly, they had the resource of the lottery offices. These offices have been shut up by a pitiless philanthropy, and on what pretext? "To save the money of the poor." Alas! the
poor man never obtained for a piece of money enjoyments as
# Economic Sophisms/233

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"Reply: "The misfortune is theirs and the profit is ours, since their labour does not enter into the price of the corn which their masters sell us."
Finally, if they tell you that other nations have many advantages over us,
Reply: "By means of exchange, they are forced to allow us to participate in these advantages."
If they tell you that under free-trade we are about to be inundated with bread, bœuf à la mode, coal, and winter clothing,
Reply: "In that case we shall be neither hungry nor thirsty."
If they ask how we are to pay for these things?
Reply: "Don't let that disquiet you. If we are inundated, it is a sign we have the means of paying for the inundation; and if we have not the means of paying, we shall not be inundated."
If any one says: I should approve of free-trade, if the foreigner, in sending us his products, would take our products in exchange; but he carries off our money,
Reply: "Neither money nor coffee grows in the fields of Beauce, nor are they turned out by the workshops of Elbeuf. So far as we are concerned, to pay the foreigner with money is the same thing as paying him with coffee."
If they bid you eat butcher's meat,
Reply: "Allow it to be imported."
If they say to you, in the words of the Presse, "When one has not the means to buy bread, he is forced to buy beef,"
Reply: "This is advice quite as judicious as that given by M. Vautour to his tenant:
Template:Fs90/s
* Template:FqmQuand on n'a pas de quoi payer son terme,
* II faut avoir une maison à soi.' "
Template:Fs90/e
If, again, they say to you, in the words of La Presse, "The government should teach the people how and why they must eat beef,"
Reply: "The government has only to allow the beef to be imported, and the most civilized people in the world will know how to use it without being taught by a master."
If they tell you that the government should know Template:Hws
# Economic Sophisms/234

<pagequality level="3" user="Zoeannl" />style="background: #ececec; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; font-weight: bold;" class="table-rh"Template:Hwe, and foresee everything, in order to direct the people, and that the people have simply to allow themselves to be led,
Reply by asking: "Is there a state apart from the people? is there a human foresight apart from humanity? Archimedes might repeat every day of his life, 'With a fulcrum and lever I can move the world;' but he never did move it, for want of a fulcrum and lever. The lever of the state is the nation; and nothing can be more foolish than to found so many hopes upon the state, which is simply to take for granted the existence of collective science and foresight, after having set out with the assumption of individual imbecility and improvidence."
If any one says, "I ask no favour, but only such a duty on bread and meat as shall compensate the heavy taxes to which I am subjected; only a small duty equal to what the taxes add to the cost price of my corn,"
Reply: "A thousand pardons; but I also pay taxes. If, then, the protection which you vote in your own favour has the effect of burdening me as a purchaser of corn with exactly your share of the taxes, your modest demand amounts to nothing less than establishing this arrangement as formulated by you: 'Seeing that the public charges are heavy, I, as a seller of corn, am to pay nothing, and you my neighbour, as a buyer of corn, are to pay double, viz., your own share and mine into the bargain.' Mr Corn-merchant, my good friend, you may have force at your command, but assuredly you have not reason on your side."
If any one says to you, "It is, however, exceedingly hard upon me, who pay taxes, to have to compete in my own market with the foreigner, who pays none,
Reply:
"1st, In the first place, it is not your market^ but our market. I who live upon corn and pay for it, should surely be taken into account.
"2d, Few foreigners at the present day are exempt from taxes.
"3d, If the taxes you vote yield you in roads, canals, security, etc., more than they cost you, you are not justified in repelling, at my expense, the competition of foreigners, who, if they do not pay taxes, have not the advantages you enjoy in roads,
canals, and security. You might as well say, 'I demand a
# English-Hanzi/Anus

Anus is the exit of the large intestine.
肛门是大肠的出口。
# English-Hanzi/Arctic Circle

The Arctic Circle is the northernmost of the five main circles of latitude on the map.
北极圈是地图上五个主要纬度圈中最北的。
# English-Hanzi/Archaeology

Archaeology is the study of the past by looking for the remains and artifacts (historical things) left by the people who lived long ago. These remains can include old coins, tools, buildings, and inscriptions. Archaeologists, the people who study archaeology, use these remains to understand how people lived.
考古学 是 研究 过去的，通过 寻找 很久 以前 居住的 人 留下的 遗物 和 文物（历史文物）。这些 遗物 可能 包括 旧硬币，工具，建筑物 和 铭文。考古学家，研究 考古学的 人，用 这些 遗迹 来 了解 人们的 生活方式。
# English-Hanzi/Antibiotics

Antibiotics are a kind of medicines for killing or controlling the growth of bacteria.
抗生素 是 一种 杀死 或 控制 细菌 生长 的 药物。
# English-Hanzi/Antioxidant

Antioxidant is a substance that prevents oxidation of other substances. For examples, vitamins C and E can prevent the body from oxidation.
抗氧化剂 是 防止 其他 物质 氧化 的 物质。例如，维生素C 和 E 可以 防止 身体 氧化。
# English-Hanzi/Apricot

Apricot is a fruit that has only one seed; the color runs from yellow to orange; the surface of the fruit is smooth and nearly hairless.
杏 是 一种 只有 一粒 种子的 果实; 颜色 从 黄色 变为 橙色; 水果 表面 光滑，几乎 无毛。
# English-Hanzi/Architecture

Architecture is the art and science of the design of structures or buildings such as houses, places of worship, and office buildings. Architecture is also the profession of an architect. Usually, a person must study at an institution of higher education (university) to become an architect. In ancient times, there were architects long before there was higher education.
建筑 是 建筑物 或 建筑物 设计的 艺术 和 科学，如 房屋，礼拜场所 和 办公楼。建筑 也是 建筑师的 职业。通常，一个人 必须 在 高等教育机构（大学）学习 才能 成为 一名 建筑师。在 远古时代，有 高等教育 之前 很久 就有 建筑师。
# English-Hanzi/Apostrophe

An apostrophe is a punctuation mark. It is used to indicate the separation in a word.
撇号 是 一个 标点符号。它 用来 表示 在 一个 单词 中 的 分隔。
# English-Hanzi/Apple

An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree.
苹果是苹果树生长的可食用水果。
# English-Hanzi/April

April is the fourth month of a year.
四月 是 一年 的 第四个 月。
# Fundamentals of C Programming/Useful functions

In this chapter, you will get some codes that you can use to make your program user-friendly. We see many programs daily. Can we make such programs using the 16 bit DOS environment? No, we cannot. But we can try to go as near to it as possible. With that in mind, there are certain functions that have been provided below that you may like to include in your program.

## Boxes

In the programs we encounter everyday, we see that the output is in selected parts of the screen and not from the extreme left corner as in the programs we have seen so far. So how to construct such a box in DOS? Here is the code to do so:

### Double line box

The coordinates passed to this function are the x and y coordinates of the top-left and the bottom-right corner of the box that we want to print. Then special characters for each corner are printed on the specified points on the screen. Then the horizontal and vertical lines are printed using the for loops. The space within them is then cleared using for loops and printing the ' ' character on the coordinates.You can try experimenting with the values that are passed on to drawbox and see the result.The function call of this function can be like:
These two calls will create two boxes on the screen. Even if you are not able to go into the depth of this function, you can use it with ease by pasting the code before the main function.
# 1.1 You are what you eat
## 1.1.1 Defining Nutrition
### 1.1.1.1 Malnutrition

*** Macronutrient basics
*** Micronutrient basics
* Nutritional Science
** Nutrition Research
* History of Vitamins and Minerals
** Early epidemiological findings
*** Disease theories
*** Food cures
** Barriers to discovery
** Economics of nutritional deficiency
** Discovery of vitamins
*** Key researchers
*** Identification
*** Isolation
# Fundamentals of C Programming/Problem Analysis

‹ Back to Contents ‹ Back to Introduction to C Programming

## Problem Analysis

If we are to use the computer as a problem-solving tool, then we must have a good analysis of the problem given. Here are some suggested steps on how to go about analyzing a certain problem for computer application:
1. Review the problem carefully and understand what you are asked to do.
2. Determine what information is given(input) and what result must be produced(output).
3. Assign names to each input and output items.
4. Determine the manner of processing that must be done on the input data to come up with the desired output(i.e., determine what formulas are needed to manipulate the given data).
Example
Given the scores for the two departmental quizzes, two machine projects, final exam, and teacher's evaluation, write a program that will compute for the final grade based on the following computation:
# Fundamentals of Calculus, Special Relativity and Quantum mechanics
## Front Matter

* About this book

## Part 1

* Basic calculus and other mathematical concepts
** Derivatives
** Integrals
** Logarithms
** Variances
** Dot product
* Fundamentals of special relativity
** Lorentz transformation
** Relativistic velocity
** Relativistic mass and momentum
** Four-vectors

## Part 2

* Advanced mathematics and applications of the above-learnt
** Taylor series
** Chain rule
** Product rule
** Properties of logarithms
** Derivatives of e
** Euler's formula and identity
* More special relativity and fundamentals of quantum mechanics
** Harmonic oscillator
** Photoelectric effect
** Energy-mass equivalence
** De Broglie wavelength
** Wave-particle duality

## Part 3

* Quantum mechanics
** Double-slit experiment
** Quantum tunnelling
** Wave equation
** Quantum states and superposition
* Other mathematical concepts
** Inner product spaces and Hilbert spaces

## Part 4

* Advanced quantum mechanics
** Operators
** Schrodinger equation
** Heisenberg uncertainty principle

## Part 5

* Intuitive understanding of the Hawking Radiation
# Fundamentals of Human Nutrition
## Welcome to the Fundamentals of Human Nutrition

This wikibook is part of the UF Food Science and Human Nutrition Department course, Fundamentals of Human Nutrition. The instructor of this course has a PhD in human nutrition and works in both nutrition education and research. The aim of this textbook is to provide an open, trustworthy educational resource on international human nutrition. The instructor has taught at both the undergraduate and professional levels, with a strong emphasis on the incorporation of nutrition knowledge in health care and disease prevention. Their research expertise is in both nutritional biochemistry, community nutrition, and nutrition in higher education. Please use the APA Style Tutorial to assist you with your entries. Use the Citation Machine to assist you with your bibliography entries. Please use this HELP:EDITING link for information about contributing and editing the book.
Book Outline
Section 1: Introduction to Nutrition 1.1 Defining Nutrition 1.2 Nutritional Science 1.3 History of Vitamins and Minerals
Section 2: Dietary Guidelines 2.1 Average Macronutrient Distribution Range 2.2 Dietary Reference Intakes 2.3 International Dietary Guidelines 2.4 MyPlate 2.5 Dietary Planning 2.6 Dietary Assessment
Section 3: Nutrient Processing 3.1 Gastrointestinal system 3.2 Digestion 3.3 Absorption 3.4 Gut health
Section 4: Macronutrients in the Diet: Carbohydrates 4.1 Defining Carbohydrates 4.2 Storage 4.3 Functions 4.4 Sugar and Disease 4.5 Dietary intake
Section 5: Macronutrients in the Diet: Protein 5.1 Defining Proteins 5.2 Protein quality 5.3 Synthesis 5.4 Functions 5.5 Dietary intake 5.6 Protein and Health 5.7 Vegetarian Diets
Section 6: Macronutrients in the Diet: Lipids 6.1 Defining lipids 6.2 Lipid storage 6.3 Functions 6.4 Lipid intake 6.5 Lipids and Health
Section 7: Fat soluble vitamins 7.1 Vitamin A 7.2 Vitamin D 7.3 Vitamin E 7.4 Vitamin K
Section 8: Water soluble vitamins 8.1 Thiamin 8.2 Riboflavin 8.3 Niacin 8.4 Folate 8.5 Vitamin B12 8.6 Vitamin B6 8.7 Pantothenic acid 8.8 Vitamin C
Section 9: Water and electrolytes 9.1 Sodium
9.2 Chloride 9.3 Potassium 9.4 Water
Section 10: Mineralizing minerals 10.1 Calcium 10.2 Phosphorous 10.3 Magnesium
Section 11: Trace minerals 11.1 Iron 11.2 Zinc 11.3 Iodine 11.4 Selenium 11.5 Copper 11.6 Manganese 11.7 Chromium 11.8 Molybdenum 11.9 Fluoride
Section 12: Metabolism 12.1 Glucose 12.2 Amino acids 12.3 Glycerol and fatty acids 12.4 Citric Acid cycle 12.5 Electron transport chain 12.6 Alcohol Metabolism
Section 13: Energy and Body Composition 13.1 Energy expenditure 13.2 Body composition 13.3 Weight management
Section 14: Nutrition and Fitness 14.1 Fitness basics 14.2 Energy systems 14.3 Diet and Fitness 14.4 Hydration 14.5 Ergogenic Aids
Section 15: Eating Disorders 15.1 Anorexia Nervosa 15.2 Bulemia Nervosa 15.3 Binge Eating Disorder 15.4 Non-categorized Eating Disorder
Section 16: Special Topics in Nutrition 16.1 Nutrition and Mental Health 16.2 Nutrition and Bioactive Compounds 16.3 Food Wars 16.4 Nutrition as a Profession
* Bibliography
# Fundamentals of Calculus, Special Relativity and Quantum mechanics/About this book

This Wikibook is intended to be a concise introduction to important concepts in Calculus (alongside a few tidbits of additional mathematics), Special Relativity, and Quantum Physics, and to show how these fields are related to one another. This book is not intended to be a comprehensive work on any of the three subjects, but is intended to be a good starting point for the study of higher mathematics and modern physics. This book will give the reader a good idea of where to go next and give them a solid base when moving on to higher level texts.

## Definition of this Wikibook

* What type of book will it be? This book will be a textbook which would be suitable for a sort of survey course, investigating the basics of many important topics in advanced mathematics and modern physics. The focus will be placed on a conceptual understanding of these ideas, as well as the provision of links where the reader can find more detailed information.
* Who is the target audience? This book is targeted at anyone with a knowledge of pre-calculus and basic physics, who wishes to gain a basic understanding of these more advanced subjects.
* What is the scope of the book? This book will cover the concepts typically included in introductory, undergraduate-level courses in special relativity and quantum mechanics, as well as the mathematical background necessary to define said concepts.

## Local Manual of Style

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# Fundamentals of Calculus, Special Relativity and Quantum mechanics/Integrals

These, like derivatives, are essential in calculus. You may see most equations used in this book contain integrals.